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A<R- 3 Educational Attainment of Workers^ March 1982-83 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics April 1984 ulletin 2191 Special Labor Force Report INDUS IRY AND SCIENCE Educational Attainment @f Wmkam, Mamb 1§82-33 U.S. Department of Labor Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner April 1984 Bulletin 2191 For sale by th e Su pe rin te nde nt of Documents, U.S. G overnm ent P r in tin g Office, W ashin gton, I).C. 2 0 402 This bulletin on educational attainment o f the labor force is part of the Special Labor Force Reports series. It discusses changes since 1970 in the labor force activ ity of college graduates by sex, race, and Hispanic ori gin. The article was initially published in the Monthly Labor Review, M arch 1984, and is reprinted w ith addi tional tabular material and an explanatory note. T he data were compiled from supplem entary ques tions to the M arch 1982 and 1983 C urrent Population Survey (CPS) conducted and tabulated by the Bureau of the Census for the Bureau o f Labor Statistics. M aterial in this publication is in the public domain and, w ith appropriate credit, may be reproduced w ith out permission. Page More U.S. workers are college g ra d u ates............................................................................................. 1 Appendixes: A. Explanatory note ....................................................................................................................... 5 B. Supplementary tables for 1983: B- 1. Educational attainm ent of the 18- to 64-year-old civilian labor force by sex, March, selected years, 1940-83 .......................................................................... B- 2. Employment status of the population by years o f school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, March 1983 ............................................................. B- 3. Employment status and hours of work of the civilian labor force by years of school completed and sex, March 1983................................................. B- 4. Labor force status of the population by years o f school completed, sex, and age, March 1983 ............................................................................................. B- 5. Labor force status of the population by years of school completed, sex, and race, March 1983 ........................................................................................... B- 6. Civilian labor force participation rates by years o f school completed, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1983 ..................................................... B- 7. Labor force status o f women by m arital status, age, and years of school completed, March 1983 .................................................................................. B- 8. Civilian labor force participation rates of women by m arital status, age, and years of school completed, March 1983 ................................................... B- 9. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and years of school completed, March 1983 .................................................................................................................... B-10. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, March 1983 ...................................................................... B -ll. Employed civilians by industry, sex, and years o f school completed, March 1983 .......... B-12. Unemployment rates by years of school completed, sex, and age, March 1983 .................................................................................................................... B-13. Unemployed persons by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1983 ................................................................................................... B-14. Unemployed persons by duration, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, March 1983 .................................................................... C. Supplementary tables for 1982: C- 1. Employment status of the population by years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, March 1982............................................................. C- 2. Employment status and hours of work of the civilian labor force by years of school completed and sex, March 1982 ..................................................... C- 3. Labor force status of the population by years of school completed, sex, and age, March 1982............................................................................................. C- 4. Labor force status of the population by years of school completed sex, and race, March 1982 ........................................................................................... V 10 11 15 16 18 19 22 23 24 26 29 31 32 34 36 40 41 43 C @ n t@ n ts = — C o m tir a y e d C- 5. Civilian labor force participation rates by years of school completed, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1982..................................................... C- 6. Labor force status of women by marital status, age, and years of school completed, March 1982 ................................................................................... C- 7. Civilian labor force participation rates of women by m arital status, age, and years of school completed, March 1982 ................................................... C- 8. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and years of school completed, March 1982 ..................................................................................................................... C- 9. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, March 1982 .................................... C-10. Employed civilians by industry, sex, and years of school completed, March 1982 ..................................................................................................................... C -ll. Unemployment rates by years of school completed, sex, and age, March 1982 ..................................................................................................................... C-12. Unemployed persons by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1982 .................................................................................................... C-13. Unemployed persons by duration, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, M arch 1982 ................................................................................... vi 44 47 48 49 51 53 55 56 58 More U.S. workers are college graduates A nne M cD ougall Y oung and How ard Hayghe at home. During the 1970’s, inflation and economic need, among other factors, apparently became more compelling reasons for women in this age cohort to work outside the home. By 1983, not only did fewer married college grad uates ages 25 to 34 have preschool children (53 percent versus 68 percent in 1970), but those who did have children under age 6 were far more likely to be in the labor force (61 percent compared with 34 percent in 1970).4 The labor force participation rate of 55- to 64-year-old college grad uates generally paralleled the downward trend for all women in this age group during most of the 1970-83 period. In contrast to the situation among most women, there has been a decrease in the labor force participation rates of adult men in all educational attainment groups. For male college graduates, however, the rate has slipped by only a per centage point since 1970. This decline was considerably less than for men in other educational attainment categories, and, like that of the other men, it occurred primarily among those in the older age brackets. One fesult of these con trasting male-female labor force trends has been that wom en’s share of the college-graduate work force increased, from 27 percent in 1970 to 38 percent in 1983. The ongoing decline in the number of school leavers— workers who have not completed 12 years of formal school ing— is an additional factor behind the growth in college graduates’ share of the adult work force. Between March 1970 and 1983, the total number of school leavers in the labor force declined by more than 7 million, mostly because of retirement or death among older workers who have typ ically completed fewer years of school than younger work ers. From now until about the end of the decade, the last of the enormous postwar birth cohort will pass through school and into the adult labor force. Millions more workers will have college degrees, as the anticipated number of bachelors’ and higher degrees awarded will continue to exceed a million a year for the rest of the 1980’s .1Thus, college graduates will continue to represent a growing proportion of the labor force. Today, nearly 1 in 4 adult workers has completed college. A little more than a decade ago, in 1970, just 1 in 7 had as much formal schooling. During the 13-year interval, the baby-boom generation— now concentrated in the 25- to 34years age group— went to college in record numbers, and, in most of these years, over a million bachelors’ and ad vanced degrees were awarded annually.2 This growth, to gether with the fact that labor force participation rates of college graduates are typically higher than the rates for persons with fewer years of school, generated significant increases in the college-educated work force.3 More college graduates Between 1970 and 1983, the number of 25- to 64-yearold workers with 4 years or more of college increased by 11.5 million. Almost half of this rise was among 25- to 34year-olds, with 35- to 44-year-olds accounting for most of the rest. While the proportion of working men ages 25 to 64 with a college degree rose by more than two-thirds over the 1970-83 period, that of women almost doubled. (See table 1.) Along with the increase in the number of graduates, the sharp upward trend in women’s labor force participation was a major factor contributing to this rise. From 1970 to 1983, the labor force participation rate increased for all but the oldest group of female college graduates, with that of 25- to 34-year-olds rising the most: Age 25 to 64 years ......................... 25 to 34 years............. ........ 35 to 44 years............. ........ 45 to 54 years............. ........ 55 to 64 years............. ........ Women 1970 1983 77 61 58 82 58 76 67 73 64 56 Black aed Hispanic workers Blacks and Hispanics have joined in the general upgrading of the educational attainment of the population in recent years. However, their proportions with college degrees con tinue to be much lower than that of whites. In 1983, 13 percent of adult black workers and 10 percent of Hispanics were college graduates, compared with 25 percent of whites. Moreover, since 1970, the percentage-point increase for Men 1970 1983 96 95 95 95 99 98 97 96 90 83 Anne McDougall Young and Howard Hayghe are economists in the Di vision of Employment and Unemployment Analysis, Bureau of Labor Statistics. In the past, household and child-care responsibilities were among the major reasons for women ages 25 to 34 to stay 1 Tiifete 1. Labor for©© status of parsons 25 to 64 years old by years of selhool eompleted, sex, raee, and Hispanic origin, Marsh 1970 and 1983 [Numbers in thousands] Total Women Men White Black Hispanic origin Labor fores status and years of school completed 1970 1983 1970 1983 1970 1983 1970 1983 19701 1983 19702 Civilian noninstitutional population ............ 87,983 111,658 42,049 53,862 45,934 57,794 78,576 96,864 9,335 11,739 3,542 6,258 Less than 4 years of high school .......... High school: 4 years only ..................... College: 1 to 3 years ........................... 4 years or more....................... 34,092 33,470 9,844 10,577 24,633 44,815 18,996 23,213 16,520 14,077 5,025 6,427 11,945 19,224 9,229 13,463 17,572 19,393 4,819 4,150 12,688 25,590 9,768 9,749 28,454 31,001 9,182 9,939 19,677 39,516 16,755 20,914 5,564 2,471 662 639 4,323 4,430 1,756 1,230 2,328 802 243 169 3,219 1,799 721 519 Civilian labor force .................................. 61,760' 83,615 39,302 47,903 22,458 35,712 55,043 72,750 6,724 8,592 2,320 4,378 Less than 4 years of high school .......... High school: 4 years only ..................... College: 1 to 3 years ........................... 4 years or more....................... 22,288 23,508 7,261 8-703 14,857 33,397 15,159 20,201 14,757 13,557 4,811 6,177 9,303 17,404 8,459 12,738 7,531 9,951 2,450 2,526 5,556 15,993 6,702 7,462 18,537 21,613 6,728 8,145 11,976 29,301 13,304 18,171 3,735 1,895 535 559 2,525 3,459 1,483 1,127 1,415 572 191 142 1,989 1,378 578 434 Labor force participation rate ................... 70.2 74.9 93.5 88.9 48.9 61.8 70.0 75.1 72.0 73.2 65.5 70.0 Less than 4 years of high school .......... High school: 4 years only ..................... College: 1 to 3 years ........................... 4 years or more....................... 65.4 70.2 73.8 82.3 60.3 74.5 79.8 87.0 89.3 96.3 95.6 96.3 77.9 90.5 91.7 94.6 42.9 51.3 50.8 60.9 43.8 62.5 68.6 76.5 65.1 69.7 73.3 81.9 60.9 74.1 79.4 86.9 67.1 76.7 80.8 87.5 58.4 78.1 84.5 91.6 60.8 71.3 78.6 84.0 61.7 76.6 80.2 83.6 Unemployed .......................................... 2,024 7,518 1,121 4,710 904 2,810 1,707 5,835 317 1,440 116 602 1,024 684 , 206 110 2,351 3,347 1,112 708 596 330 129 65 150 2,069 708 431 428 354 77 45 850 1,277 405 277 830 585 189 104 1,797 2,606 861 570 196 98 18 5 501 653 197 91 85 22 6 3 350 170 55 27 Less than 4 years of high school .......... High school: 4 years only ..................... College: 1 to 3 years ........................... 4 years or more....................... 1983 Unemployment rate................................. 3.3 9.0 2.8 9.8 4.0 7.9 3.1 8.0 4.7 16.8 5.0 13.8 Less than 4 years of high school .......... High school: 4 years only ..................... College: 1 to 3 years ........................... 4 years or more....................... 4.6 2.9 2.8 1.3 15.8 10.0 7.3 3.5 4.0 2.4 2.7 1.1 16.1 11.9 8.4 3.4 5.7 3.6 3.1 1.8 15.3 8.0 6.0 3.7 4.5 2.7 2.8 1.3 15.0 8.9 6.5 3.1 5.2 5.2 3.4 .9 19.8 18.9 13.3 8.1 6.0 3.8 3.1 2.1 17.6 12.3 9.5 6.2 1Data refer to black and other workers. Note: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups for 1983 will not sum to totals because data for the "other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. 2Data are derived from the 1970 census. among black women reflects, in part, financial need in fam ilies where the men, on average, have lower earnings than white men at all levels of education.6 Also, a larger pro portion of black families were maintained by women, 42 percent in March 1983, compared with about 13 percent of white families and 23 percent of Hispanic families.7 As can be seen, the overall participation rate for Hispanic women was lower than that for either blacks or whites. This is partly because more than half of the Hispanic women in the population had not completed high school, compared blacks (5 points) and Hispanics (3 points) has been much smaller than for whites (10 points). For both whites and blacks, the proportions of adult workers who were school leavers dropped by about half, while the share for Hispanics declined by one-third. This difference in the size of the decline between Hispanics on the one hand, and whites and blacks on the other, may reflect recent immigration from countries where the propensity to stay in school is not as great as in the United States, and public educational op portunities are not as widely available.5 Greater educational attainment was linked with higher labor force participation rates for all race and ethnic groups. However, labor force rates differed significantly for some race and sex groups with the same general level of school ing. Age was sometimes an important factor. For instance, among dropouts in the adult labor force, almost 40 percent of the male Hispanics were 25 to 34 years old, compared with 25 percent of both whites and blacks. The preponder ance of younger workers pushed the labor force participation for Hispanic male dropouts to 87 percent, compared with 79 percent for whites and 72 percent for blacks. (See table Table 2. Labor force participation rates of persons 25 to 64 years old by years of school completed, sex, and race, March 1983 [Percent] Black Hispanic origin Total...................................... 89.8 81.7 90.4 Less than 4 years of high school . . . High school: 4 years only ............... College: 1 to 3 years ............... 4 years or more................. 79.3 91.0 92.1 94.7 71.5 86.5 87.6 93.4 86.5 93.7 95.4 93.8 Total...................................... 61.1 66.4 52.2 Less than 4 years of high school . . . High school: 4 years only ............... College: 1 to 3 years ..................... 4 years or more................. 42.9 61.4 67.2 75.6 47.3 71.9 81.9 90.1 41.8 62.0 64.6 72.7 MEN 2 .) WOMEN Black women were much more likely to be in the labor force than white or Hispanic women at every level of school ing, with the difference rising from about 4 percentage points among dropouts to almost 15 percentage points among col lege graduates. The persistence of higher labor force rates White Years of school completed and sett 2 Table 3. Employed civilians 25 to 64 years old by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation, March 1983 [Percent distribution] E m p lo y e d Y e a rs o f school E x e c u t iv e , c o m p le te d , ra c e , a n d Num ber H is p a n ic o r ig in ( in a d m in is t r a t i v e P e rc e n t a n d m a n a g e r ia l T e c h n ic a l, P r e c is io n P r o fe s s io n a l s a le s , a n d S e r v ic e p r o d u c t io n , s p e c ia lty a d m in is t r a t i v e o c c u p a t io n s c ra ft, a n d s u p p o rt th o u s a n d s ) r e p a ir O p e ra to rs , fa b r ic a to r s , a n d la b o re r s F a r m in g , fo re s try , and fis h in g Total ................. 76,097 100.00 12.6 15.1 30.2 11.3 12.7 15.3 3.0 Less than 4 years ot high school Total......................... White ....................... Black ....................... Hispanic origin .......... 12,505 10,179 2,023 1,639 100.0 100.0 100.0 100 0 4.1 4.6 1.4 2.2 1.2 1.3 .9 .9 13.4 14.4 9.4 9.9 20.6 17.6 33.7 23.2 19.1 21.2 8.9 16.5 34.9 34.3 38.6 38.7 6.6 6.6 7.2 8.5 High School: 4 years only Total......................... White ....................... Black ....................... Hispanic origin .......... 30,051 26,694 2,805 1,208 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.7 9.1 4.7 7.5 3.1 3.1 3.0 1.6 36.9 38.1 27.5 34.7 13.1 11.9 24.2 15.1 16.4 17.0 10.8 15.1 18.8 17.7 28.8 23.9 3.0 3.2 1.1 2.2 College: 1 to 3 years Total......................... White ....................... Black ....................... Hispanic origin .......... 14,047 12,446 1,287 523 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.3 15.0 8.9 13.0 11.4 11.8 8.5 7.8 41.3 41.4 41.7 42.6 9.7 9.0 14.9 9.4 12.2 12.3 10.1 12.2 9.0 8.2 15.3 14.3 2.1 2.2 .6 .4 College: 4 years or more Total......................... White ....................... Black ....................... Hispanic origin .......... 19,492 17,599 1,035 407 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 22.8 23.3 18.7 21.4 45.0 45.2 45.6 42.0 22.7 22.2 21.9 19.2 3.5 3.3 6.1 9.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 4.9 1.8 1.6 4.4 2.5 1.1 1.2 .1 1.2 dropouts of all races were operators, fabricators, and la borers. High school graduates were concentrated in the tech nical, sales, and administrative support category, with a large proportion also working as operators, fabricators, and laborers. Among workers who had attended but not grad uated from college, most were in occupations similar to those of high school graduates. But of those with 4 years of college or more, 3 out of 5 were in managerial and professional specialty occupations. with only a fourth of the whites and a third of the blacks. Because labor force participation rates of high school drop outs are typically lower than for other education groups, the concentration of Hispanic women in that category had the effect of decreasing their overall labor force rate. Also, relatively more Hispanic than white or black women had children under age 6, whose presence tends to inhibit moth ers’ labor force participation. New occepatiomal classification a n a t i o n a l s t a n d p o i n t , a better trained work force is highly desirable. However, with respect to the college educated, the growth in the number of adult workers with degrees carries with it the possibility of an uncertain future for many young college graduates. This is because the great est increase in the number of jobs over the decade to come is projected for such occupations as janitors, sales clerks, secretaries, and so forth.9 Thus, the potential exists for a growing mismatch between actual educational levels and those required for occupations with the greatest anticipated growth.10 In other words, many college graduates— perhaps 20 percent— will not be able to get jobs requiring a col lege degree, continuing the situation that has prevailed in re cent years. Such mismatches could seriously affect the lives of many young workers and their families for years to come. From The occupational classification system used since the 1970 decennial census has now been replaced by one that links occupational titles more closely to job function. Beginning in January 1983, the four traditional summary groups (whitecollar, blue-collar, service, and farm) into which Current Population Survey ( c p s ) occupational data were divided, were replaced by the system of six major groups— identified in table 3— that was used for 1980 census data. Many of the new occupational categories are different from the old ones, and the introduction of the new system in 1983 breaks the continuity somewhat of c p s occupational data series.8 However, the data based on the new classification system continue to confirm the well-known fact that educational attainment is one of the most important determinants of occupation. In March 1983 the largest proportion of school 3 FO O T N O T ES 'Martin M. Frankel and Debra E. Gerald. Projections of Education Statistics to 1990-91. Vol. 1 (National Center for Education Statistics. lation Survey (Bureau of Labor Statistics). George H. Brown, Nan L. Rosen, and Susan T. Hill, Conditions of Education for Hispanic Americans (National Center for Education Statis tics. February 1980). 1983). 2 Ibid. h“Money Income of Households. Families, and Persons in the United States: 1981, Current Population Reports, Series P -6 0 , No. 137 (Bureau 3 Data in this report are based on tabulations from the March 1983 Current Population Survey (CPS), conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics by the Bureau o f the Census. The data relate to persons 25 to 64 years old, unless otherwise specified. Because these estimates are based on a sample, they may differ from those obtained if a complete census were conducted. Sampling variability may be relatively large in cases where the estimates are small. Small estimates, or small differences between estimates, should be interpreted with caution. This report is the latest in a series on this subject. The most recent was Anne McDougall Young, “ Recent trends in higher education and labor force activity,” Monthly Labor Review, Feb ruary 1983, pp. 3 9 -4 1 . A research summary, “ Educational attainment of workers, March 1981,” detailed tables for March 1981, and summary educational attainment tables for 1980 revised to the 1980 Census base are included in Educational Attainment of Workers, March 1981, Bulletin 2159 , (Bureau o f Labor Statistics, January 1983). of the Census. 1983), table 47. 7See Beverly L. Johnson and Elizabeth Waldman, “ Most women who head families receive poor job market returns,” Monthly Labor Review, December 1983, pp. 3 0 -3 4 . "See Gloria Peterson Green and others, “ Revisions in the Current Pop ulation Survey Beginning in January 1983,” Employment and Earnings, February 1983, pp. 7-1 5 ; and John E. Bregger, “ Labor Force Data from c p s to Undergo Revision in January 1983,” Monthly Labor Review, No vember 1982, pp. 3 -6 . 9See George T. Silvestri, John M. Lukasiewicz, and Marcus E. Einstein, “ Occupational employment projections through 1995,” Monthly Labor Review, November 1983, pp. 3 7-49. l0See Occupational Projections and Training Data, Bulletin 2202 (Bu reau of Labor Statistics, 1982), pp. 10 and 11. 4 Unpublished tables from the March supplement to the Current Popu 4 Appendix N Explanatory Not® and the first year of college by 13. The medians are expressed in continuous part-years, although the re spondents’ answers to the survey questions are in terms of complete, discrete years. Employed persons are (a) all civilians who, during the survey week, did any w ork at all as paid employees, in their own business, profession, or on their own farm, or w ho worked 15 hours or more as unpaid w orkers in an enterprise operated by a member of the family; and (b) all those w ho w ere not working but w ho had jobs or businesses from w hich they w ere tem porarily absent because of illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-man agement disputes, or personal reasons, w hether they w ere paid for the time off or were seeking other jobs. Each em ployed person is counted only once. Those who held more than one job are counted in the job at w hich they worked the greatest number of hours dur ing the survey week. Statistics on the labor force, employment, unem ploy ment, and persons not in the labor force, classified by a variety o f dem ographic, social, and economic char acteristics are derived from the C urrent Population Sur vey (CPS), w hich is conducted by the Bureau o f the Census for the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The infor mation is collected by trained interviewers from a sam ple o f about 60,000 households, representing 629 areas in 1,148 counties and independent cities, w ith coverage in 50 States and the D istrict of Columbia. T he estimates in this bulletin are based on supple m entary questions in the M arch 1982 and 1983 CPS. These estimates relate to persons 16 years and over in the civilian noninstitutional population in the calendar week w hich included M arch 12th o f each year. T he concepts, definitions, and estimating methods used in the survey, as well as indicators of the reliabil ity o f the data are briefly described below. A more de tailed description o f the survey appears in Concepts and Methods Used in Labor Force Statistics Derived From the Current Population Survey, BLS R eport 463, and in the Explanatory Notes o f the BLS monthly publication, Employment and Earnings. G ® m ) ( g ( ip f t s n o d Unemployed persons are all civilians who had no em ployment during the survey week, were available for work, except for tem porary illness, and (a) had made specific efforts to find employm ent sometime during the prior 4 weeks, or (b) were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off, or (c) were waiting to report to a new job within 30 days. Duration o f unemployment represents the length of time (through the current survey week) during which persons classified as unemployed had been continuously looking for work. F or persons on layoff, duration of unemployment represents the number of full weeks since the term ination of their most recent employment. A pe riod of 2 weeks or more during which a person was employed or ceased looking for w ork is considered to break the continuity of the present period of seeking work. M easurements of mean and median duration are com puted from a distribution of single weeks of unemployment. The unemployment rate fo r all civilian workers repre sents the number unemployed as a percent o f the civil ian labor force. This measure can also be com puted for groups within the labor force classified by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, marital status, etc. N ot in the labor force includes all persons who are not classified as employed or unemployed. These per sons are further classified as engaged in own home housework, in school, unable to w ork because of long term physical or mental illness, retired, and other. The D e fin itio n s Educational attainment applies to years of school com pleted in regular schools, w hich include graded public, private, and parochial elem entary and high schools, col leges, universities, and professional schools, w hether day schools or night schools. Thus, regular schooling is that which could be expected to advance a person to an elem entary certificate; a high school diploma; or a college, university, or professional school degree. Schooling in other than regular schools is counted only if the credits obtained are regarded as transferable to a school in the regular school system. T he civilian labor force comprises all civilians classi fied as employed or unemployed in accordance with the criteria described below. Median years o f school completed indicate the value which divides the population group into tw o equal parts, one part having com pleted m ore schooling and one part having com pleted less schooling than the median. F or purposes of com puting these medians, the years of school completed are numbered consecutively; for ex ample, the first year of high school is indicated by 9 5 “other” group includes individuals reported as too old or temporarily unable to work, the voluntarily idle, sea sonal workers for whom the survey week fell in an off season and who were not reported as looking for work, and persons who did not look for work because they believed that no jobs were available in the area or that no jobs were available for which they could qualify—discouraged workers. Persons doing only in cidental, unpaid family work (less than 15 hours in the specified week) are also classified as not in the labor force. Occupation, industry, and class o f worker for the em ployed apply to the job held in the survey week. Per sons with two or more jobs are classified in the job at which they worked the greatest number of hours dur ing the survey week. The unemployed are classified ac cording to their last full-time job lasting 2 weeks or more. The classifications of occupations and industries used in data derived from the CPS through 1982 are defined as in the 1970 census. Beginning with 1983 data, they are defined as in the 1980 census. Information on the detailed categories included in these groups is avail able upon request. Hours o f work statistics relate to the actual number of hours worked during the survey week. For example, persons who normally work 40 hours a week but were off on the Columbus Day holiday would be reported as working 32 hours even though they were paid for the holiday. For persons working in more than one job, the figures relate to the number of hours worked in all jobs during the week; all the hours are credited to the major job. Full-time workers are persons who worked 35 hours or more during the survey week. Part-time workers are those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey week. Part-time workers are further classified by their usual status at their present job (either full or part time) and by their reasons for working part time during the survey week (economic or other reasons). “Economic reasons” include: Slack work, material shortages, re pairs to plant or equipment, start or termination of a job during the week, and inability to find full-time work. “Other reasons” include: Labor dispute, bad weather, owe illness, vacation, demands of housework, school, no desire for full-time work, and full-time worker only during peak season. Persons with a job but not at work during the survey week are classified according to whether they usually work full or part time. Age is based on the age of the respondent at his or her last birthday. White, black, and other are terms used to describe the race of workers. Included in the “other” group are American Indians, Alaskian Natives, Asians, and Pa cific Islanders, and any other race except white and black. All tables in this bulletin which contain racial data present data for the black population group. Be cause of their relatively small sample size, data for “other” races are not published. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent. Hispanic origin refers to persons who identified them selves in the enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto Rican living on the mainland, Cuban, Central or South American, or of other Hispanic origin or descent. Per sons of Hispanic origin may be of any race; thus they are included in both the white and black population groups. Single, never married; married, spouse present, and other marital status are terms used to define the marital status of individuals at the time of interview. Married, spouse present, applies to husband and wife if both were re ported as members of the same household even though one may be temporarily absent on business, vacation, on a visit, in a hospital, etc. Other marital status applies to persons who are married, spouse absent; widowed; or divorced. Married, spouse absent, includes persons who are separated because of marital discord, as well as persons who are living apart because either the hus band or the wife was employed and living away from home, serving in the Armed Forces, or had a different place of residence for any reason. E s tim a tin g i l e t t o d s The estimating procedure used in this survey inflates weighted sample results to independent estimates of the civilian noninstitutional population by age, sex, race, and residence. These independent estimates are based on data from the 1980 census and other statistics on births, deaths, immigration, emigration, and the Armed Forces. R oun d in g o f th e e s tim a te s The sums of individual items may not always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of inde pendent rounding of the totals and components to the nearest thousand. Similarly, sums of percent distribu tions may not always equal 100 percent because of rounding. Differences, however, are insignificant. R eliability of th@ e s tim a te s Since the estimates are based on a sample, they may differ somewhat from the figures that would have been obtained if a complete census had been taken using the same schedules and procedures. As in any survey, the results are also subject to errors of response and report ing. These may be relatively large in the case of per sons with irregular attachment to the labor force. Par ticular care should be exercised in the interpretation of figures based on relatively small estimates as well as small differences between estimates. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability, that is, of the variations that might occur 6 the labor force participation rate of men w ith 4 years o f college was 88.8 percent, while the rate for women w ith that amount o f education was 67.8 percent, an ap parent difference of 21.0 percentage points. Table A-3 shows the standard error for 67.8 percent on a base of 7,667,000 women w ith 4 years of college to be approxi mately 0.7 percentage point and the standard error for 88.8 on a base of 8,610,000 men w ith 4 years of college to be approximately 0.5 percentage point. Thus, the standard error of the estimated difference o f 21.0 per centage points is: by chance because a sample rather than the entire popu lation is surveyed. As calculated for this bulletin, the standard error also partially measures the effect of re sponse and enumeration errors but does not meas ure any systematic biases in the data. The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate differs from a com plete census by less than the standard error. The chances are about 95 out of 100 that the difference would be less than twice the standard error. Tables A -l through A-4 show approximations of the standard errors of estimated numbers and percentages at the 68-percent confidence level, and should be inter preted as providing an indication of the order of mag nitude of the standard error rather than a precise stand ard error for any specific item. Standard errors for in term ediate values may be obtained by interpolation. The following examples illustrate the use of these tables. Table B-2 of the supplementary tables shows that 7.646.000 men 16 years and over with 4 years of col lege, were in the labor force in M arch 1983. The popu lation of all men 16 years and over was 82,260,000. T a ble A -l shows the standard error on the labor force estimate to be approximately 116,800. Thus, the chances are about 68 out of 100 that the difference between the sample estimate and a complete census count would be less than 116,800. The chances are 95 out of 100 that the difference would be less than 233,600. T he 7,646,000 men represented 88.8 percent of all men 16 years and over in the civilian noninstitutional population with 4 years of college. Table A-3 shows the standard error of 88.8 percent w ith a base of 8.610.000 (population) to be about 0.5 percent. Conse quently, the chances are 68 out of 100 that a complete census count would have disclosed the figure to be be tween 88.3 and 89.3 percent, and 95 out of 100 that the figure would have been between 87.8 and 89.8 percent. F o r a difference between tw o sample estimates, the standard error is approximately equal to the square root o f the sum of the squares of the standard errors of each estimate considered separately: ®=\J (S i) + 0.86 = \ j (0.7)2 + (0.5)2 This means the chances are 68 out of 100 that the estimated difference derived using com plete census fig ures would differ by less than 0.86 percentage points and 95 out of 100 that it would differ by less than 1.7 percentage points. Therefore, the conclusion is that at both levels of confidence, the labor force participation rate o f men w ith 4 years of college is greater than that of wom en w ith that m uch education. O f course, should the standard error be equal to or greater than the esti mated difference of percentages based on the sample, there would be no significant difference between the percentages. T he reliability of an estimated percentage, computed using sample data for both num erator and denomina tor, depends upon both the size o f the percentage and the total upon w hich the percentage is based. Estimated percentages are relatively more reliable than the corre sponding estimates o f the num erator of the percentages; this is particularly true for percentages o f 50 percent or more. As a general rule, percentages are not pub lished when the m onthly base of the measure is less than 75,000. Because o f the large standard errors in volved, there is little chance that summary measures would reveal useful information when com puted on a smaller base. Estim ated numbers are shown, however, even though the relative standard errors of these num bers are larger than those for corresponding percent ages. These smaller estimates are provided primarily to perm it such combinations of the categories as serve each user’s needs. (S 2) As shown in the previous example, in March 1983, 7 Table A=1. Standard errors for estimated numbers of total or white persons (In thousands) Total persons in age groups Estimated number of persons 1 0 .... 3 0 ...... 5 0 ...... 1 0 0 ... 100 250 500 1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 100,000 4.3 6.6 7.2 4.5 7.4 9.1 11.1 4.5 7.6 9.6 12.9 4.5 7.8 9.9 13.6 22.7 4.5 7.8 10.1 14.1 28.7 35.2 28.7 4.5 7.8 10.1 14.2 30.5 40.6 49.8 49.8 4.5 7.9 10.1 14.3 31.3 43.1 57.5 65.8 71.8 4.5 7.9 10.1 14.3 31.8 44.5 61.6 73.8 90.9 11.3 90.9 4.5 7.9 10.2 14.4 32.0 45.0 63.0 76.3 96.4 128.5 157.4 157.4 128.5 4.5 7.9 10.2 14.4 32.0 45.2 63.6 77.5 99.0 136.3 181.7 208.2 222.6 227.2 196.7 300 .... 1,000 .. 2,000 3.000 .. 5.000 .. .. 10.000 20,000 30.000 40.000 50.000 75.000 NOTE: For Hispanics, multiply the standard error by 1.1. Tab!® A-2. Standard errors for estimated numbers of black persons (In thousands) Total persons in age group Estimated number of persons 1 0 .. 3 0 .... 5 0 .... 100 ... 300 ... 500 ... 1,000 2,000 3.000 4.000 5.000 7,500 100 250 500 1,000 2,500 5,000 10,000 5.0 7.7 8.4 5.2 8.6 10.6 12.9 5.2 8.9 11.2 14.9 18.3 5.3 9.0 11.5 15.9 24.2 26.4 5.3 9.1 11.7 16.4 27.1 33.4 40.9 33.4 5.3 9.1 11.8 16.5 28.1 35.4 47.3 57.9 57.9 47.3 5.3 9.1 11 8 16.6 28.5 36.4 50.1 66 8 76.7 81.9 83 5 72.4 8 Tabl® A-3. Standard errors for estimated percentages for total or white persons Estimated percentage (In thousands) 2 or 98 1 0 0 .......................................................................... 250 .......................................................................... 500 .......................................................................... 1,000 ........................................................................ 2,500........................................................................ 5,000 ....................................................................... 10,000...................................................................... 25,000...................................................................... 50,000...................................................................... 100,000 ................................................................... 150,000 ................................................................... 4.3 1.3 .9 .6 .4 .3 .2 .13 .09 .06 .05 5 or 95 4.5 2.0 1.4 1.0 .6 .4 .3 .2 .14 .10 .08 10 or 90 25 or 75 4.5 2.7 1.9 1.4 .9 .6 .4 .3 .2 .14 .11 4.5 3.9 2.8 2.0 1.2 .9 .6 .4 .3 .2 .2 50 4.5 4.5 3.2 2.3 1.4 1.0 .7 .5 .3 .2 .2 NOTE: For Hispanics, multiply the standard error by 1.1. Tafefle A-4. Standard errors fo r estimated percentages fo r blaek persons Estimated percentage Base of percentages (In thousands) 2 or 98 2.7 2.3 1.5 1.0 .7 .5 .3 .2 .2 75 ............................................................................ 1 0 0 .......................................................................... 250 .......................................................................... 500 .......................................................................... 1,000....................................................................... 2*500....................................................................... 5*000 ....................................................................... 10,000..................................................................... 20^000..................................................................... 9 5 or 95 4.2 3.6 2.3 1.6 1.2 .7 .5 .4 .3 10 or 90 25 or 75 5.8 5.0 3.2 2.2 1.6 1.0 .7 .5 .4 8.4 7.2 4.6 3.2 2.3 1.4 1.0 .7 .5 50 9.6 8.4 5.3 3.7 2.6 1.7 1.2 .8 .6 Appendix B„ Sypptementeiry Tables for 1083 Table B-1. Educational attainment of the 18- to 64-year-old civilian labor force by sex, March, selected years, 1940-83 Percent distribution by years of school completed Year Total, 18 to 64 years (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 5 years' High school 5 to 8 years 1 to 3 years College 4 years 1 to 3 years ... 4 or more years Median years of school completed Total 19401 2 ..................................................... 1952 ...................................................... 1962 ...................................................... 50,810 56,968 64,689 100.0 100.0 100.0 9.2 6.8 4.1 40.4 29.6 21.4 18.4 19.1 19.6 19.7 27.8 33.0 6.5 8.5 10.7 5.7 8.1 11.1 9.1 11.1 12.1 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 75,650 77,006 79,684 81,747 84,169 85,964 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 14.1 13.2 12.1 11.0 10.3 9.5 17.4 16.8 16.8 15.9 15.3 14.7 39.9 40.2 40.8 41.5 41.3 41.7 13.6 14.1 14.3 15.0 15.8 16.1 12.9 13.7 14.1 14.7 15.6 16.4 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 1976 1977 1978 1979 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 88,033 90,841 93,565 96,504 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 8.7 8.1 7.7 7.0 14.4 14.4 13.9 13.0 41.6 41.3 41.4 41.8 16.8 17.1 17.9 18.4 17.2 17.6 17.7 18.5 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.7 1980 1981 1982 1983 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 98,761 101,202 102,672 104,022 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 6.5 6.2 5.8 5.3 12.8 12.4 12.0 11.5 41.8 42.6 42.5 41.7 18.7 18.7 18.7 19.3 19.0 19.0 19.9 21.0 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8 19402 ..................................................... 1952 ...................................................... 1962 ...................................................... 1965 ...................................................... 37,660 38,658 42,693 44,111 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.2 7.6 4.8 4.0 43.7 31.7 23.2 20.3 18.3 19.4 20.0 19.7 16.6 24.6 29.6 32.8 5.7 8.3 10.5 10.6 5.4 8.3 11.9 12.6 8.6 10.6 12.1 12.2 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 46,700 47,498 48,954 49,967 50,975 51,533 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 15.3 14.7 13.7 12.5 11.7 10.7 17.6 17.1 17.0 16.1 15.6 15.0 36.0 36.5 36.9 37.7 37.8 38.2 13.8 14.2 14.5 15.3 15.7 16.2 14.2 15.0 15.6 16.2 17.0 17.9 12.4 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 1976 1977 1978 1979 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 52,285 53,542 54,548 55,663 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.5 9.8 9.2 8.9 8.2 14.7 14.8 14.3 13.3 38.2 37.7 37.7 38.3 16.7 17.1 17.8 18.2 18.8 19.4 19.7 20.5 12.6 12.6 12.7 12.7 1980 1981 1982 1983 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 56,631 57,632 58,195 58,711 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 7.7 7.4 6.8 6.4 13.4 13.2 12.7 12.3 38.1 39.0 39.3 38.6 18.6 18.1 18.0 18.4 20.8 21.0 21.9 23.1 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8 19402..................................................... 1952 ...................................................... 1962 ...................................................... 1965 ...................................................... 13,150 18,310 21,996 23,845 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.4 5.2 2.8 2.0 30.9 25.0 17.8 15.8 18.7 18.4 18.8 18.9 28.6 34.7 39.7 42.9 8.8 9.0 11.2 10.5 6.4 7.7 9.7 9.9 11.0 12.0 12.3 12.3 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 28,950 29,508 30,730 31,780 33,193 34,430 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 11.3 10.7 9.6 8.7 8.1 7.7 17.0 16.4 16.4 15.5 14.8 14.3 46.3 46.2 47.1 47.6 46.6 47.0 13.3 14.0 13.9 14.6 16.0 16.1 10.7 11.4 11.8 12.5 13.5 14.0 12.4 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.6 12.6 1976 1977 1978 1979 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 35,747 37,299 38,956 40,840 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .9 .9 .9 .9 7.0 6.6 6.1 5.4 13.8 13.8 13.4 12.7 46.7 46.6 46.6 46.6 16.8 17.1 17.9 18.7 14.7 15.1 15.0 15.0 12.6 12.6 12.6 12.7 1980 1981 1982 1983 ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... 42,129 43,570 44,476 45,309 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .7 .7 .7 .7 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.0 11.9 11.3 11.1 10.5 46.9 47.4 46.8 45.8 19.0 19.5 19.7 20.6 16.6 16.5 17.3 18.4 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8 Men Women 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 1940 census figures revised for comparability with labor force estimates from the Current Population Survey. NOTE: Data for 1940 and 1952 were collected in April and October, respectively. Data for 1971-80 have been revised to reflect 1980 census population adjustments and thus differ from previously published data. 10 Tabll® ®=2. Emplovmeiniit sfafas of the population by years ©f school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, March 1983 Civilian labor force Civilian Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin stitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of pop ulation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total 15 weeks or more Percent of labor force Total Percent of unemployed Not in labor force TOTAL 109,814 63.2 97,804 2,948 94,855 12,011 10.9 5,289 44.0 63,841 4,331 7,723 10,361 1,223 2,680 3,613 28.2 34.7 34.9 1,017 2,223 3,059 145 194 243 873 2,029 2,816 206 457 554 16.8 17.1 15.3 81 174 258 39.5 38.0 46.6 3,108 5,042 6,748 29,707 64,932 14,869 44,436 50.1 68.4 11,801 39,225 522 1,165 11,279 38,061 3,068 5,211 20.6 11.7 1,192 2,455 38.8 47.1 14,838 20,495 28,866 16,277 11,459 20,513 12,843 9,636 71.1 78.9 84.1 18,843 12,252 9,384 389 195 95 18,453 12,057 9,288 1,671 591 252 8.1 4.6 2.6 748 266 115 44.8 44.9 45.7 8,352 3,433 1,824 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.3 - 12.4 - 12.1 82,260 62,035 75.4 54,638 2,371 52,267 7,397 11.9 3,612 48.8 20,225 2,217 3,646 4,843 874 1,819 2,379 39.4 49.9 49.1 715 1,500 2,014 133 178 222 582 1,323 1,792 159 319 365 18.2 17.5 15.3 62 138 193 38.9 43.2 52.8 1,344 1,827 2,464 14,029 28,061 8,727 23,232 62.2 82.8 6,860 20,080 407 904 6,453 19,176 1,867 3,152 21.4 13.6 792 1,673 42.4 53.1 5,302 4,829 13,752 8,610 7,100 11,025 7,646 6,332 80.2 88.8 89.2 9,995 7,283 6,191 287 165 75 9,708 7,117 6,116 1,030 363 141 9.3 4.8 2.2 507 173 75 49.2 47.7 53.1 2,727 964 768 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.3 - 12.4 - 91,395 47,779 52.3 43,165 577 42,588 4,614 9.7 1,677 36.3 43,610 2,114 4,076 5,518 349 861 1,234 16.5 21.1 22.4 302 723 1,045 11 17 21 291 706 1,024 47 139 189 13.5 16.1 15.3 20 36 65 (2) 26.2 34.6 1,764 3,215 4,284 15,678 36,870 6,142 21,204 39.2 57.5 4,941 19,145 115 261 4,826 18,884 1,201 2,059 19.6 9.7 400 782 33.3 38.0 9,536 15,666 15,113 7,667 4,359 9,488 5,197 3,303 62.8 67.8 75.8 8,848 4,970 3,193 103 30 ■ 20 8,745 4,940 3,172 641 228 111 6.8 4.4 3.4 241 92 40 37.7 40.4 36.4 5,625 2,469 1,055 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.5 12.8 12.4 - 12.4 Total, 16 years and over............................ 173,656 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - Men Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ........................... 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years.............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - 11.6 Wcmen Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College : 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. See footnotes at end of table. - 12.2 Table B-2. Employment status of the population by years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, Search 1983—Continued Civilian labor force Civilian Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin stitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of pop ulation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total Percent of labor force 15 weeks or more Total Percent of unemployed Not in labor force WHITE Total, 16 years and over............................ 150,427 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. 95,657 63.6 86,382 2,746 83,636 9,274 9.7 4,061 43.8 54,770 3,091 6,123 9,084 939 2,091 3,110 30.4 34.2 34.2 797 1,731 2,632 122 158 226 674 1,572 2,406 142 360 478 15.1 17.2 15.4 52 139 223 36.7 38.7 46.8 2,152 4,031 5,974 24,304 57,282 12,372 38,900 50.9 67.9 10,019 34,893 465 1,114 9,554 33,779 2,353 4,007 19.0 10.3 917 1,888 39.0 47.1 11,932 18,381 25,461 14,672 10,410 18,001 11,522 8,723 70.7 78.5 83.8 16,748 11,044 8,519 372 193 95 16,376 10,851 8,423 1,253 478 204 7.0 4.1 2.3 547 205 90 43.7 42.8 44.0 7,461 3,151 1,688 12.6 12.8 12.8 12.4 12.8 12.3 - 12.4 - 71,808 54,813 76.3 48,933 2,201 46,732 5,880 10.7 2,837 48.2 16,995 1,588 2,933 4,283 685 1,458 2,110 43.1 49.7 49.3 577 1,200 1,787 112 142 205 465 1,058 1,582 108 258 323 15.7 17.7 15.3 37 108 171 34.2 41.8 52.9 904 1,475 2,173 11,568 24,799 7,334 20,584 63.4 83.0 5,890 18,066 362 866 5,529 17,199 1,444 2,518 19.7 12.2 618 1,320 42.8 52.4 4,234 4,215 12,224 7,904 6,508 9,830 7,018 5,793 80.4 88.8 89.0 9,016 6,713 5,684 274 165 75 8,743 6,548 5,609 814 305 109 8.3 4.3 1.9 389 138 55 47.8 45.2 50.2 2,394 886 715 12.6 12.8 12.8 12.3 12.9 12.3 - 12.4 - 78,618 40,843 52.0 37,449 545 36,904 3,394 8.3 1,224 36.1 37,775 1,503 3,189 4,801 254 633 999 16.9 19.8 20.8 220 531 845 10 16 21 209 515 824 34 102 154 13.5 16.1 15.4 15 31 52 (2) 30.8 33.9 1,248 2,557 3,802 12,735 32,483 5,037 18,316 39.6 56.4 4,128 16,828 103 248 4,025 16,580 909 1,488 18.0 8.1 298 568 32.8 38.1 7,698 14,167 13,237 6,768 3,902 8,171 4,504 2,929 61.7 66.5 75.1 7,732 4,331 2,835 98 28 20 7,633 4,303 2,814 439 173 95 5.4 3.8 3.2 158 67 35 36.0 38.6 36.9 5,066 2,264 973 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.5 12.8 12.3 - 12.4 - 12.2 Men Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years’ ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed ................. - 11.8 Women Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - See footnotes at end of table. 12 - 12.3 Tab!© 0-2. Employment status of the population by years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, inarch 1983—Continued Civilian labor force Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of pop ulation Total Agri culture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total 15 weeks or more Percent of labor force Total Percent of unemployed Not in labor force BLACEC Total, 16 years and over........................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ........................... 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years.............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed ................. 18,823 11,352 60.3 8,969 164 8,805 2,384 21.0 1,103 46.3 7,470 1,018 1,398 1,093 224 508 433 22.0 36.3 39.7 175 427 362 20 34 16 155 393 346 49 80 72 21.8 15.8 16.5 26 32 33 l2) 40.1 l2) 794 890 659 4,781 6,431 2,205 4,726 46.1 73.5 1,555 3,647 48 35 1,507 3,612 650 1,079 29.5 22.8 253 525 38.9 48.7 2,576 1,705 2,647 906 549 2,006 772 479 75.8 85.2 87.1 1,659 694 450 10 1,648 694 450 347 78 29 17.3 10.1 6.0 174 49 11 50.0 63.5 l2) 641 134 71 12.2 12.5 12.5 9.8 12.6 12.3 - 12.4 - 8,398 5,722 68.1 4,408 140 4,268 1,314 23.0 694 52.9 556 627 479 161 317 233 28.9 50.6 48.6 117 267 195 20 34 16 98 233 180 44 49 38 27.1 15.6 16.1 23 28 20 2,168 2,763 1,232 2,277 56.8 82.4 851 1,707 36 28 814 1,679 381 570 31.0 25.0 156 333 40.9 58.3 935 485 1,146 380 279 910 341 251 79.4 89.6 90.0 738 304 229 6 732 304 229 172 37 22 18.9 10.9 8.8 98 28 10 56.8 l2) l2) 237 39 28 12.1 12.4 - 12.5 9.0 12.5 12.3 10,425 5,631 54.0 4,561 23 4,537 1,070 462 771 613 63 191 200 13.6 24.7 32.7 58 160 166 58 160 166 2,614 3,668 973 2,449 37.2 66.8 704 1,940 12 8 1,500 526 271 1,096 431 228 73.1 82.0 84.2 921 390 221 12.2 12.6 - 12.6 - - - 10.7 Men Total, 16 years and over........................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ........................... 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years.............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed ................. - - l2) 0 O 2,676 395 310 246 12.4 - 19.0 409 38.2 5 31 34 l2) 16.2 17.0 2 5 13 693 1,932 269 509 27.6 20.8 97 193 36.2 37.9 1,641 1,219 4 - 917 390 221 175 41 7 16.0 9.4 2.9 76 21 1 43.4 l2) l2) 404 95 43 12.0 12.6 12.4 - 10.3 Women Total, 16 years and over........................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ........................... 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed ................. See footnotes at end of table. 13 - - - 12.5 l2) O <*> - 4,794 399 580 413 10.9 Table B°2. Employment status of the population by years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, Rflardh liSS-Continued Civilian labor force Civilian Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin stitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of pop ulation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total Percent of labor force 15 weeks or more Total Not in labor force Percent of unemployed HISPANIC ORIGIN Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College : 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. 9,384 5,893 62.8 4,933 216 4,717 960 16.3 344 35.8 3,491 1,087 1,332 729 495 737 388 45.5 55.3 53.2 393 599 317 77 58 21 316 541 295 102 138 71 20.6 18.7 18.4 38 38 26 37.2 27.8 592 595 341 1,963 2,618 1,048 1,922 53.4 73.4 798 1,646 28 24 770 1,621 250 276 23.9 14.4 86 107 34.2 38.6 915 696 1,068 354 233 821 293 190 76.9 82.7 81.5 731 274 175 4 4 727 270 175 90 19 14 10.9 6.4 7.5 32 7 10 35.5 (1 2) (2) 247 61 43 11.4 12.1 - 12.2 6.6 12.3 11.1 11.4 - 9.7 4,406 3,521 79.9 2,947 192 2,756 573 16.3 217 37.8 885 512 578 343 349 471 246 68.2 81.5 71.8 278 388 203 69 54 19 209 334 184 71 84 43 20.3 17.7 17.5 23 26 22 (2) 31.4 (2) 163 107 97 930 1,197 629 1,070 67.6 89.4 488 903 21 22 467 882 141 167 22.5 15.6 51 69 36.0 41.4 301 127 538 164 144 476 153 126 88.5 93.7 87.4 428 141 118 4 4 424 137 118 48 12 7 10.2 7.9 5.8 17 5 4 (2) (2) (2) 62 10 18 11.5 12.1 - 12.1 6.5 12.2 10.9 - 9.7 4,978 2,372 47.7 1,986 24 1,962 386 16.3 127 32.8 575 754 386 146 265 142 25.4 35.2 36.7 115 211 114 8 4 3 107 207 21.3 20.5 19.8 15 111 31 54 28 (2) (2) (2) 429 488 244 1,033 1,421 419 851 40.6 59.9 310 742 7 2 304 740 109 109 26.0 12.8 35 38 31.8 34.5 614 570 529 190 89 344 140 64 65.1 73.3 72.0 303 133 57 303 133 57 42 6 7 12.0 4.7 l2) 15 (2) (2) (2) 185 51 25 11.3 12.3 - 12.3 12.3 11.3 - 9.7 - - 0 Men Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. College : 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - - 11.1 Women Total, 16 years and over........................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years.............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years.............................................. 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not - 8.0 - 12 5 2 6 11.7 2,606 sum to totals because data for the “ other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. 14 Tab!© B-3. Employment status amdl hours of work of She civilian labor force by years of school completed and sex, March 1883 (Percent distribution) Employed Nonagricultural industries Part time1 Years of school completed and sex Civilian labor force Total Usually work full time Agriculture Total Usually work part time Unemployed Full time1 Part time for economic reasons Part time For For for economic other other reasons reasons reasons TOTAL Total, 16 years and o v e r.......................... Elementary : Less than 8 years2........................... 8 years ............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years ............................................. College : 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years or more .............................. Median years of school completed................ 100.0 89.1 2.7 86.4 61.6 1.8 6.4 3.7 13.0 10.9 100.0 100.0 83.0 84.7 8.7 6.7 74.3 77.9 49.3 51.3 2.8 3.7 7.1 7.0 6.0 4.3 9.1 11.7 17.0 15.3 100.0 100.0 79.4 88.3 3.5 2.6 75.9 85.7 41.9 62.1 2.5 2.0 5.8 6.5 4.7 4.4 21.0 10.6 20.6 11.7 100.0 100.0 91.9 96.2 1.9 1.3 90.0 95.0 61.7 77.2 1.4 .6 6.4 6.2 3.0 1.8 17.5 9.2 8.1 3.8 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.9 12.4 12.7 12.5 12.7 12.3 100.0 88.1 3.8 84.3 66.5 1.9 6.1 2.6 7.1 11.9 100.0 100.0 82.3 84.7 11.5 9.3 70.7 75.3 50.6 54.6 2.2 3.4 7.5 7.1 4.5 3.1 6.0 7.1 17.7 15.3 100.0 100.0 78.6 86.4 4.7 3.9 73.9 82.5 46.8 66.5 2.3 2.5 6.1 6.5 3.8 3.1 15.0 3.9 21.4 13.6 100.0 100.0 90.7 96.4 2.6 1.7 88.1 94.7 67.8 83.0 1.6 .6 6.0 5.3 2.0 1.0 10.7 4.8 9.3 3.6 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.9 12.4 12.7 12.4 12.6 12.3 100.0 90.3 1.2 89.1 55.1 1.6 6.7 5.2 20.6 9.7 100.0 100.0 84.7 84.7 2.3 1.7 82.3 83.0 46.3 44.8 4.2 4.3 6.4 6.8 9.2 6.5 16.2 20.5 15.3 15.3 b Men Total, 16 years and o v e r.......................... Elementary : Less than 8 years2 ........................... 8 years ............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years ............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years or more .............................. Median years of school completed................ Women Total, 16 years and o v e r.......................... Elementary : Less than 8 years2........................... 8 years ............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years ............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years or more .............................. 100.0 100.0 80.4 90.3 1.9 1.2 78.6 89.1 35.0 57.2 2.7 1.5 5.5 6.5 5.9 5.9 29.5 17.9 19.6 9.7 100.0 100.0 93.2 96.0 1.1 .6 92.2 95.4 54.6 67.7 1.1 .7 6.8 7.7 4.2 3.1 25.4 16.3 6.8 4.0 Median years of school completed................ 12.7 12.8 12.5 12.8 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.5 12.7 12.4 1 Employed persons with a job but not at work during the survey week are distributed proportionately among the full- and part-time employed categories, 2 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 15 Table B=4. Labor force status of the population by years of school completed, sex, and age, Inarch 1983 (Percent distribution) 16 to 17 years Years of school completed and sex 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force 109,814 100.0 63,841 100.0 2,696 100.0 4,772 100.0 4,755 100.0 3,205 100.0 15,652 100.0 5,180 100.0 31,575 100.0 7,363 100.0 1.1 2.4 3.3 4.9 7.9 10.6 .1 1.2 3.9 .5 2.0 6.6 .3 1.1 1.8 .7 1.3 2.3 .4 .8 1.3 1.7 1.9 2.7 .6 1.3 1.4 2.7 3.1 3.2 13.5 40.5 23.2 32.1 92.0 2.6 89.0 1.9 31.4 53.0 39.6 41.1 10.8 48.0 16.5 31.3 8.0 39.3 15.3 43.6 18.7 11.7 8.8 13.1 5.4 2.9 .1 - - 12.3 - 14.8 .1 - 27.9 9.3 1.6 39.9 4.1 1.8 22.5 16.4 10.5 18.3 9.0 4.8 12.7 12.1 10.7 10.5 12.3 12.1 12.8 12.9 13.0 12.6 62,035 100.0 20,225 100.0 1,407 100.0 2,385 100.0 2,500 100.0 1,440 100.0 8,308 100.0 1,842 100.0 17,883 100.0 1,151 100.0 1.4 2.9 3.8 6.6 9.0 12.2 .1 1.7 4.9 .5 2.0 7.3 .6 1.8 2.0 1.1 1.0 2.3 .4 1.2 1.9 1.8 .8 .9 .7 1.6 1.6 7.3 3.0 3.9 14.1 37.5 26.2 23.9 91.1 1.9 88.1 1.9 34.5 50.7 41.7 39.9 13.7 48.1 10.1 19.6 8.8 38.0 11.7 31.8 17.8 12.3 10.2 13.5 4.8 3.8 .2 - - 10.3 - 14.0 .1 - 25.0 8.0 1.7 58.1 5.4 3.3 22.0 16.1 11.1 20.9 10.0 11.3 12.7 11.6 10.7 10.4 12.2 12.1 12.7 14.0 13.0 12.8 47,779 100.0 43,616 100.0 1,290 100.0 2,387 100.0 2,255 100.0 1,765 100.0 7,343 100.0 3,339 100.0 13,692 100.0 6,212 100.0 .7 1.8 2.6 4.0 7.4 9.8 .6 2.8 .4 2.0 5.9 .3 1.6 .4 1.5 2.3 .3 .4 .6 1.7 2.6 3.7 .4 .8 1.2 1.8 3.2 3.1 12.9 44.4 21.9 35.9 93.0 3.4 89.8 1.9 27.9 55.6 38.0 42.2 7.5 47.8 20.0 37.8 7.0 40.9 15.9 45.8 19.9 10.9 6.9 12.9 5.7 2.4 - - 14.5 .1 - 15.5 .1 - 31.2 10.7 1.4 29.9 3.3 1.0 23.2 16.8 9.7 17.8 8.8 3.5 12.7 12.2 10.8 10.5 12.4 12.2 12.9 12.6 13.0 12.6 TOTAL Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ..................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 ye a rs............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... .2 Men Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ..................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 ye a rs............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore.............................................. Median years of school completed ............................... .2 Women Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ..................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years ............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College : 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore.............................................. Median years of school completed ............................... See footnote at end of table. 16 - .2 - Table 0=4. Lalbor fore© s ta te ©tf ttte p@puDal!ii®ini toy v®®1?© @ff s@(h)©@! @®mpl]@t®d]5 ssss, airad ag®, Inarch H©©S=C®init5iniy©dl (Percent distribution) 45 to 54 years 35 to 44 years Years of school completed and sex 55 to 64 years 65 years and over Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force 23,282 100.0 5,277 100.0 16,768 100.0 5,408 100.0 11,990 100.0 9,995 100.0 3,096 100.0 22,641 100.0 1.0 2.3 2.5 3.8 6.6 4.7 1.7 3.8 5.0 4.6 8.6 7.2 2.6 5.5 8.1 5.2 8.7 10.8 4.4 7.6 11.9 8.0 12.8 18.8 10.0 40.3 15.9 40.2 12.9 41.7 18.2 41.1 14.5 38.5 18.1 38.6 14.2 30.4 16.4 26.7 18.0 12.9 13.0 15.1 9.2 4.5 14.1 10.7 10.0 11.7 6.3 2.4 12.5 9.3 8.9 10.6 5.3 2.8 12.7 9.3 9.5 8.7 5.3 3.2 12.8 12.5 12.6 12.3 12.5 12.2 12.4 10.8 13,177 100.0 707 100.0 9,715 100.0 977 100.0 7,128 100.0 3,125 100.0 1,917 100.0 8,599 100.0 1.3 2.6 2.9 13.8 11.8 6.5 2.0 4.6 5.9 8.4 14.4 8.7 3.2 5.8 9.1 6.4 10.8 12.2 5.2 7.8 11.3 9.5 13.5 19.6 9.8 36.0 19.2 27.2 12.8 36.2 18.9 27.2 15.1 32.8 18.3 31.9 12.9 28.1 16.1 23.6 17.6 14.2 15.5 11.4 5.0 5.1 13.5 12.9 12.1 11.4 6.9 4.1 12.6 10.8 10.8 10.8 5.5 4.2 11.9 11.0 11.6 7.9 5.5 4.3 12.9 11.8 12.7 11.9 12.5 12.1 12.5 10.3 10,105 100.0 4,570 100.0 7,053 100.0 4,431 100.0 4,862 100.0 6,870 100.0 1,180 100.0 14,042 100.0 .6 1.8 2.0 2.3 5.7 4.4 1.3 2.6 3.9 3.8 7.3 6.9 1.8 5.2 6.6 4.6 7.8 10.1 3.0 7.2 12.8 7.0 12.4 18.4 10.2 45.8 15.4 42.2 13.0 49.3 18.0 44.2 13.7 46.9 17.9 41.7 16.2 34.2 16.6 28.6 18.4 11.3 9.8 15.7 9.9 4.4 15.1 7.7 7.1 11.8 6.1 2.0 12.4 7.1 6.2 10.5 5.2 2.2 13.9 6.6 6.1 9.2 5.2 2.6 12.8 12.5 12.6 12.3 12.5 12.2 12.3 11.1 TOTAL Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent..................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore ........................................ ...... Median years of school completed............................... Men Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent...................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed............................... Women Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent...................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College : 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 17 TabB® 1=5. Labor tore© status of the population by years of school completed, sex, and race, ftflarch 1983 (Percent distribution) Men Total White Years of school completed Total, 16 years and over (thousands).................. Percent................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ....................................... 5 to 7 years.................................................. 8 ye a rs.......................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years.................................................. 4 years o n ly.................................................. College 1 to 3 years.................................................. 4 ye a rs.......................................................... 5 years or m ore............................................ Civil ian labor force Black Not in labor force 95,657 54,770 100.0 100.0 Civil ian labor force Not in labor force Civil ian labor force Black Not in labor force 11,352 7,470 54,813 16,995 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Black White Civil ian labor force Not in labor force 5,722 100.0 2,676 40,843 37,775 100.0 100.0 100.0 Civil ian labor force Not in labor force Civil ian labor force Not in labor force 5,631 100.0 4,794 100.0 1.0 2.2 3.3 3.9 7.4 10.9 2.0 4.5 3.8 10.6 11.9 8.8 1.2 2.7 3.9 5.3 8.7 12.8 2.8 5.5 4.1 14.8 11.6 9.2 .6 1.5 2.4 3.3 6.8 10.1 1.1 3.4 3.6 8.3 12.1 8.6 12.9 40.7 21.8 33.6 19.4 41.6 34.5 22.8 13.4 37.6 24.9 24.8 21.5 39.8 35.0 18.1 12.3 44.8 20.4 37.5 17.3 43.5 34.2 25.4 18.8 12.0 9.1 13.6 5.8 3.1 17.7 6.8 4.2 8.6 1.8 .9 17.9 12.8 10.6 14.1 5.2 4.2 15.9 6.0 4.4 8.8 1.5 1.0 20.0 11.0 7.2 13.4 6.0 2.6 19.5 7.7 4.0 8.4 2.0 .9 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. White Women < ir 18 Tabs© ©-S. Civilian labor force participation rates by years of school completed, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1933 16 to 19 years Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total Total 16 to 17 18 to 19 years years 55 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years Total 55 to 64 65 years years and over TOTAL T o ta l.................................................................. 63.2 48.3 36.1 59.7 75.1 81.1 81.5 75.6 31.6 54.5 12.0 28.2 34.7 34.9 (2) 38.5 33.1 l2) 25.3 25.1 l2) 56.5 53.8 38.7 56.9 58.5 47.4 63.2 65.8 53.8 60.7 70.1 53.8 57.8 68.4 16.1 19.3 20.0 37.6 43.3 47.4 7.0 7.5 7.9 50.1 68.4 41.9 64.8 36.9 44.1 54.0 65.7 66.4 82.2 69.3 79.4 73.5 81.6 68.7 75.9 28.3 36.0 49.1 54.5 10.6 13.5 71.1 78.9 84.1 55.1 (2) (2) l2) l2) l2) 55.1 (2) l2) 67.9 87.3 72.2 84.1 88.7 90.5 84.0 86.1 92.7 78.9 84.1 92.9 38.4 44.8 57.4 58.6 67.8 79.3 16.6 19.4 28.6 75.4 50.5 37.1 63.5 81.9 94.0 94.9 90.9 43.5 69.5 18.2 39.4 49.9 49.1 (2) 53.3 36.6 l2) (2) 28.5 (2) (2) 60.2 l2) 87.5 90.0 60.5 89.3 86.5 63.6 80.7 89.3 70.8 76.2 87.0 24.2 27.3 29.5 52.9 55.0 63.0 10.9 11.5 11.4 62.2 82.8 44.3 67.7 37.9 l2) 59.0 68.8 86.0 91.7 92.1 94.9 90.5 96.1 87.1 93.0 40.3 48.8 65.2 70.1 15.2 21.0 80.2 88.8 89.2 55.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 56.1 (2) 66.0 87.0 70.1 94.2 96.1 93.9 96.6 98.1 98.3 92.1 94.9 96.7 52.5 60.2 66.3 72.7 81.7 85.4 25.1 30.8 37.5 T ota l.................................................................. 52.3 46.1 35.1 56.1 68.7 68.8 68.9 61.4 22.4 41.4 7.7 16.5 21.1 22.4 (2) 16.6 28.6 (2) (2) 20.5 (2) (2) 47.0 28.9 27.1 26.7 30.1 35.4 46.6 38.0 41.5 49.7 35.4 36.2 47.5 8.6 12.9 12.6 21.4 32.1 31.6 3.5 4.7 5.5 39.2 57.5 39.4 62.2 35.9 49.6 48.4 62.7 45.2 73.6 49.1 66.3 59.5 70.6 53.5 64.0 19.4 28.1 35.1 44.4 7.6 9.1 62.8 67.8 75.8 54.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 54.4 (2) l2) 69.7 87.6 75.2 74.1 80.8 85.8 72.2 71.7 83.1 67.1 66.6 85.2 27.6 28.1 42.3 45.4 49.2 67.1 11.3 9.6 16.4 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... Men T ota l................................................................. Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... O Women Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... See footnotes at end of table. 19 Table B-6. Civilian labor force participation rates by years of school completed, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1983—Continued 16 to 19 years Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total 55 years and over 20 to 24 years to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years Total 82.9 95.0 95.8 91.8 44.2 70.4 18.6 ft ft 89.7 92.0 65.0 90.4 88.4 69.9 81.7 91.8 72.7 76.6 87.7 24.1 26.4 29.7 54.7 54.0 65.1 10.2 11.8 11.7 25 Total 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 76.3 53.9 40.9 66.3 43.1 49.7 49.3 0 57.7 41.4 ft ft 32.5 ft ft 63.4 83.0 47.8 70.2 41.6 ft 62.9 71.1 90.0 92.7 94.4 95.8 92.4 96.9 88.3 93.7 40.2 48.6 65.6 70.5 15.5 20.8 80.4 88.8 89.0 55.2 0 ft ft ft ft 55.6 ft ft 66.7 86.6 70.0 95.3 96.5 94.1 96.6 98.3 98.3 92.4 95.4 97.0 52.5 60.4 66.1 73.1 81.7 85.1 25.2 31.0 37.3 T o ta l.................................................................. 52.0 50.4 39.8 59.9 70.3 68.2 68.3 61.3 22.1 41.1 7.6 16.9 19.8 20.8 ft ft 34.0 ft ft ft ft ft 29.6 29.5 31.1 33.6 45.7 39.9 39.9 42.5 34.5 38.0 48.4 7.7 11.0 11.6 20.2 30.2 30.2 3.0 3.6 5.1 39.6 56.4 44.2 64.0 ft 54.3 64.6 47.2 74.7 49.0 65.3 59.9 69.7 52.9 63.1 18.2 27.5 33.9 43.8 7.4 9.1 61.7 66.5 75.1 59.1 ft 72.8 80.2 85.2 70.9 70.6 82.6 66.7 64.6 84.3 27.1 28.0 41.4 45.0 49.3 65.5 11.1 9.5 17.2 T o ta l.................................................................. 68.1 87.2 88.1 81.2 36.6 59.5 13.4 ft ft 81.9 74.3 85.6 24.8 31.9 26.3 51.2 58.8 44.0 12.0 9.8 8.8 55 to 64 65 years years and over WHITE Men T o ta l.................................................................. Elementary : Less than 5 years' ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... Women Elementary : Less than 5 years' ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... ft 24.6 40.6 ft 59.0 ft ft ft ft 70.8 88.0 81.7 34.4 17.9 51.1 77.9 28.9 50.6 48.6 ft ft 25.5 ft ft ft ft ft 56.8 82.4 28.0 55.7 17.8 79.4 89.6 90.0 ft ft ft ft BLACK Men Elementary : Less than 5 years' ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... ft ft ft ft ft 44.7 58.9 71.8 88.0 83.5 89.2 83.0 91.1 80.8 83.4 41.9 51.6 62.6 64.3 10.6 24.5 ft ft 65.7 97.0 ft 97.6 49.3 ft ft ft ft ft 86.7 93.4 92.5 88.4 ft ft ft ft ft ft See footnotes at end of table. ft ft ft 20 ft ft ft ft ft ft Table EMB. CMliain labor 1f®re@ participation rates by years ©? school completed, se&, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1983—Continued 16 to 19 years Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total Total 55 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years Total 39.4 61.1 73.1 73.5 62.6 25.2 44.8 8.3 l2) a a a a 43.5 a l2) l2) a 30.0 42.5 9.8 20.0 21.7 25.3 36.6 40.5 4.6 10.0 10.2 8.6 6.6 16 to 17 18 to 19 years years 55 to 64 65 years years and over BLACK—Continued Women T ota l.................................................................. 54.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... 25.5 10.8 13.6 24.7 32.7 O O O f) l2) (2) a a 37.2 66.8 16.6 53.0 10.3 (2) 28.3 53.6 39.9 67.5 48.8 72.6 58.4 78.2 55.6 72.0 27.8 36.6 41.6 53.9 73.1 82.0 84.2 (2) (2) (2) l2) (2) (2) a a a 64.9 84.9 91.9 95.5 83.5 93.1 78.0 39.7 a a a a a a a a a a a a a 79.9 48.1 29.6 66.8 85.4 94.1 92.6 89.4 49.9 72.5 19.3 68.2 81.5 71.8 O (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) a a a a a a 89.6 95.0 88.1 92.6 83.0 82.3 37.4 43.9 67.1 10.0 a a a a a 67.6 89.4 39.9 73.7 28.9 (2) 59.3 73.9 85.8 85.7 93.7 96.6 91.4 93.1 a a a a 88.5 93.7 87.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) a a a 77.4 94.4 94.6 95.8 35.6 23.6 47.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) a a a a HISPANIC ORIGIN Men T ota l................................................................. Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... 91.4 72.6 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a a 55.7 55.8 53.9 54.1 22.2 35.2 5.9 a a a 35.5 37.1 47.3 40.8 43.8 40.0 36.8 45.5 22.3 31.8 2.9 6.8 a 11.5 20.8 21.8 a a 37.2 53.2 a a a a a a a a a a a a a a Women T ota l.................................................................. 47.7 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 6 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... 25.4 35.2 36.7 40.6 59.9 31.1 52.5 24.9 (2) 43.2 53.1 37.8 64.0 49.9 61.3 47.6 63.9 57.8 65.2 65.1 73.3 72.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) a a a 74.2 66.7 74.7 63.5 a a a 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. a a a a a a 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 21 I Tab!© B=7. Labor force status of women by marital status, age, and years of school completed, March 1983 Percent distribution by years of school completed Labor force status, marital status, and age Total (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school College 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years Median years of school completed CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE Single 16 25 35 55 T ota l............................................................... 12,282 100.0 1.4 1.4 18.0 37.1 23.4 18.7 12.8 to 24 years..................................................... to 34 years..................................................... to 54 years..................................................... years and over................................................ 7,570 3,184 1,103 425 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .5 1.0 6.1 8.2 1.1 .8 3.0 7.1 25.6 4.5 8.0 9.7 39.3 31.7 36.5 39.2 25.3 23.3 15.3 11.9 8.3 38.7 31.0 23.9 12.6 14.4 12.9 12.6 26,227 100.0 2.5 2.5 9.8 47.6 18.7 18.8 12.7 2,727 8,161 7,053 4,957 2,889 440 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.2 1.2 2.1 3.5 6.1 7.3 1.0 1.2 1.7 3.2 6.3 13.6 11.8 6.5 9.5 12.7 12.0 15.0 54.9 42.8 47.3 51.4 49.6 38.9 22.0 23.2 18.3 14.7 12.0 13.1 9.1 25.0 21.0 14.4 14.0 12.2 12.7 13.0 12.8 12.6 12.5 12.4 T ota l............................................................... 9,270 100.0 4.1 4.4 14.7 44.9 18.3 13.6 12.6 to 24 years..................................................... to 34 years..................................................... to 44 years..................................................... to 54 years..................................................... to 64 years..................................................... years and over................................................ 591 2,347 2,299 1,746 1,652 636 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .3 1.2 2.6 4.2 8.2 12.8 1.6 1.8 2.7 5.5 7.1 13.0 20.7 11.7 12.9 15.0 17.3 18.6 56.8 46.9 44.7 45.1 43.3 31.8 18.2 23.0 19.7 16.2 13.4 13.8 2.4 15.3 17.4 14.0 10.8 10.0 12.5 12.8 12.7 12.6 12.4 12.2 T ota l............................................................... 7,336 100.0 6.4 5.1 44.2 22.3 17.0 5.0 11.7 to 24 years..................................................... to 34 years..................................................... to 54 years..................................................... years and o ve r............................................... 5,451 625 343 916 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.6 10.9 33.9 15.6 3.7 5.8 5.8 12.6 53.0 28.2 17.6 12.2 19.7 33.2 25.5 29.6 19.4 12.2 8.4 9.0 1.6 9.7 8.8 20.9 11.5 12.2 10.8 12.3 T ota l............................................................... 24,432 100.0 8.4 7.9 16.1 43.9 13.5 10.3 12.4 to 24 years..................................................... to 34 years..................................................... to 44 years..................................................... to 54 years..................................................... to 64 years..................................................... years and over............................................... 1,733 4,891 3,736 3,579 5,047 5,447 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.3 4.0 5.5 8.0 9.6 14.5 5.1 2.2 4.1 6.0 9.3 16.5 26.5 12.3 13.2 17.2 16.7 16.8 49.9 48.5 44.9 48.1 44.6 33.7 10.8 18.9 16.4 12.2 11.7 9.9 3.3 14.0 15.9 8.6 8.1 8.6 12.3 12.6 12.6 12.4 12.3 12.1 T ota l............................................................... 11,848 100.0 20.9 16.7 20.0 27.9 9.2 5.4 10.9 to 24 years..................................................... to 34 years..................................................... to 44 years..................................................... to 54 years..................................................... to 64 years..................................................... years and o ve r............................................... 307 695 658 686 1,631 7,871 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.2 6.4 15.7 21.2 20.1 23.3 6.0 6.8 6.0 11.4 12.3 20.2 42.8 30.0 25.9 23.7 21.4 17.0 36.5 38.6 32.1 27.7 33.6 25.1 7.8 15.4 12.9 11.0 7.9 8.5 .7 2.8 7.4 4.9 4.7 5.8 11.7 12.2 12.1 11.2 11.5 10.0 Married, husband present T ota l............................................................... 16 25 35 45 55 65 to 24 to 34 to 44 to 54 to 64 years years..................................................... years..................................................... years..................................................... years..................................................... years..................................................... and over............................................... Other marital status2 16 25 35 45 55 65 NOT IN LABOR FORCE Single 16 25 35 55 Married, husband present 16 25 35 45 55 65 Other marital status2 16 25 35 45 55 65 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women. 22 TabSe B-8. CSviliara labor force participation rates of women by marita! status, age, and years of school completed, inarch 1983 Elementary Marital status and age Total College High school Less than 8 years’ 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years 62.6 26.4 31.5 40.6 73.5 69.8 86.1 58.1 83.6 76.3 31.7 20.0 31.4 36.5 19.5 28.8 0 0 20.6 40.1 45.1 59.4 26.9 73.5 82.9 82.2 38.0 64.4 90.7 85.4 37.9 87.7 95.3 91.9 34.6 51.8 24.5 25.2 39.5 53.8 59.9 66.2 61.1 62.5 65.4 58.1 36.4 7.5 30.4 32.9 42.3 37.8 26.7 3.9 23.8 47.8 44.4 42.7 28.0 6.2 41.1 46.9 57.8 50.6 29.1 6.7 63.4 59.6 66.5 59.7 38.9 8.5 76.2 67.2 67.8 62.6 37.1 9.6 81.4 74.8 71.4 69.9 49.7 10.3 43.9 13.3 17.2 36.5 55.7 60.8 66.5 65.8 77.1 77.7 71.8 50.3 7.5 (2) (2) 36.6 33.5 29.2 4.3 (2) 46.9 61.4 55.0 36.8 4.9 48.2 56.9 63.5 61.6 45.0 8.1 75.0 80.4 82.9 80.6 56.6 9.3 81.7 83.4 84.2 79.0 63.3 11.6 (2) 94.9 89.1 87.9 69.9 12.2 SINGLE Total ........................................................... 18 25 35 55 to 24 years............................................... to 34 years............................................... to 54 years............................................... years and over.......................................... MARRIED, HUSBAND PRESENT Total ........................................................... 16 25 35 45 55 65 to 24 years................................................ to 34 years................................................ to 44 years............................................... to 54 years............................................... to 64 years............................................... years and over.......................................... OTHER MARITAL STATUS3 Total ........................................................... 16 25 35 45 55 65 to 24 years............................................... to 34 years............................................... to 44 years............................................... to 54 years............................................... to 64 years................................................ years and over.......................................... 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 3 Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women. 23 Table B-9. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and years of school completed, ^arcfi 1983 Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation and sex i oiai em ployed (thou sands) years of school 5 or Less Total 5 to 7 8 4 4 com 1 to 3 1 to 3 than more pleted years years years years years years 5 years1 years Elementary College High school TOTAL Total, 16 years and o ver............................................................. 97,804 100.0 1.0 2.3 3.1 12.1 40.1 19.3 12.5 9.6 12.8 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty..................................................................... 23,613 100.0 10,726 100.0 12,887 100.0 .1 .1 .1 .3 .5 .1 .6 1.0 .2 2.6 4.0 1.4 17.2 27.7 8.5 18.1 21.5 15.2 28.9 28.3 29.4 32.3 16.8 45.1 16.4 14.9 16.8 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 30,549 2,947 11,526 16,077 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .2 (2) .2 .1 .5 .1 .8 .3 1.2 .7 1.7 .9 7.6 2.5 11.0 6.1 47.5 31.4 41.1 55.0 26.5 35.8 23.9 26.7 12.5 19.1 16.0 8.7 4.1 10.5 5.2 2.2 12.9 14.2 12.9 12.8 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 13,433 1,003 1,605 10,825 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.9 5.9 .6 1.7 4.3 8.9 1.9 4.2 5.2 8.6 1.6 5.4 22.5 35.2 8.4 23.4 43.0 30.2 42.6 44.3 17.1 8.3 29.7 16.0 4.5 2.7 11.8 3.6 1.6 .1 3.5 1.4 12.4 11.3 12.9 12.3 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft and repair ................................. 11,634 4,042 3,848 3,744 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.2 .9 1.4 1.4 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.1 5.0 4.9 5.2 4.9 15.7 15.4 17.3 14.3 52.2 54.2 50.9 51.4 17.0 17.1 17.1 16.8 4.4 3.6 3.5 6.2 1.3 .9 1.2 1.8 12.5 12.5 12.4 12.5 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 15,419 7,537 4,002 3,879 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.4 2.5 1.6 2.8 5.4 6.1 4.6 5.0 6.6 7.2 6.2 5.9 22.1 21.3 20.8 25.1 49.1 49.4 50.4 47.3 11.7 10.9 13.3 11.5 2.1 2.0 2.3 2.0 .6 .6 .7 .3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.2 Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing ........................................................................ 3,155 1,361 1,599 195 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.9 2.5 8.6 6.4 7.0 4.3 8.9 10.0 8.7 10.4 7.3 7.9 19.3 12.9 23.4 30.2 38.8 44.5 35.2 29.5 12.5 13.2 12.3 9.6 5.9 9.3 3.1 4.1 1.9 2.8 1.2 2.3 12.2 12.4 12.1 11.4 Total, 16 years and over............................................................. 54,638 100.0 1.3 2.7 3.7 12.6 36.8 18.3 13.3 11.3 12.8 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty...................................................................... 13,945 100.0 7,231 100.0 6,714 100.0 .1 .2 .1 .4 .6 .1 .6 .9 .3 2.7 4.0 1.3 15.6 23.1 7.6 16.4 20.2 12.3 28.0 31.3 24.5 36.1 19.6 53.8 16.5 16.0 17.4 Technical, sales, and adm inistrative support ......................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 10,745 1,497 6,063 3,186 100.0 100.0 100.0 .3 (2) .3 .5 .7 .1 .8 .7 1.7 .8 1.8 2.0 7.3 2.0 7.7 9.3 35.3 29.6 34.1 40.2 27.7 36.0 25.5 27.9 19.7 19.3 22.5 14.7 7.2 12.2 7.3 4.8 13.5 14.4 13.6 12.9 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 5,325 36 1,426 3,863 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.8 (3) .4 2.3 4.3 (3) 1.8 5.2 4.5 21.3 (3) (3) 1.6' 8.3 5.6 25.9 38.8 (3) 42.4 37.6 20.4 (3) 30.2 16.7 6.6 (3) 11.7 4.8 2.4 (3) 3.6 2.0 12.5 (3) 12.9 12.3 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft and repair ................................. 10,775 3,934 3,783 3,058 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.2 .9 1.4 1.2 3.2 3.1 3.4 3.1 5.0 4.9 5.2 4.7 15.5 15.5 17.4 13.2 52.2 54.0 50.9 51.4 17.3 17.2 16.9 17.9 4.3 3.5 3.5 6.5 1.3 .9 1.1 2.0 12.5 12.5 12.4 12.5 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................ Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 11,168 4,259 3,676 3,234 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.4 2.6 1.7 3.0 5.3 5.7 4.9 5.3 6.4 48.5 49.8 49.2 45.9 13.2 13.5 13.5 12.4 2.3 2.6 2.4 1.9 .6 6.3 6.2 21.3 18.5 21.3 24.9 .7 .8 .3 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.2 Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing........................................................................ 2,678 1,218 1,268 192 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.3 2.7 9.8 5.9 7.7 4.7 10.2 10.2 9.4 11.0 8.1 8.0 19.0 12.1 23.9 30.6 37.6 11.8 13.0 11.1 9.1 6.4 9.7 3.4 4.2 1.8 2.4 1.2 2.4 12.2 12.4 11.8 11.4 \ Men 100.0 l____ __ _ See footnotes at end of table. 24 6.6 44.4 32.3 29.7 Talbfe B-9. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and years ot school completed, March 1©83—Continued Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation and sex Total em ployed (thou Total sands) Median years of school Less 5 or 5 to 7 8 4 1 to 3 1 to 3 4 com than more years years years years years years pleted 5 years1 years Elementary High school College Women Total, 16 years and over............................................................. 43,165 100.0 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty....... ............................................................. 9,667 100.0 3,495 100.0 6,173 100.0 0.7 1.7 2.4 11.4 44.4 20.5 11.5 7.4 12.8 (12) (2) (2) .2 .3 .1 .6 1.3 .1 2.4 4.0 1.5 19.5 37.2 9.4 20.5 24.3 18.4 30.0 21.9 34.6 26.8 11.0 35.8 16.2 13.9 16.6 .8 .5 1.6 .6 7.8 3.1 14.8 5.3 54.1 33.1 48.9 58.7 25.9 35.7 22.2 26.4 8.5 18.8 8.8 7.2 2.4 8.7 2.9 1.5 12.8 14.1 12.7 12.7 1.0 .2 2.7 1.1 12.3 11.3 12.8 12.4 1.1 12.4 12.5 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 19,804 1,450 5,463 12,890 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (2) .1 .1 .4 .1 .7 .2 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 8,108 967 179 6,962 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.9 6.2 1.8 1.3 4.3 9.0 2.7 3.7 5.6 8.9 1.2 5.3 23.2 35.0 9.1 22.0 45.9 30.8 43.8 48.0 14.9 7.4 25.7 15.7 3.1 2.6 13.0 2.9 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft and repair ................................. 859 108 65 686 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.9 (2) (3) 3.1 2.3 5.0 3.0 17.5 10.9 52.5 62.5 13.5 13.9 5.4 7.3 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 2.4 3.4 5.7 19.2 51.2 12.3 4.9 .9 12.4 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 4,250 3,279 326 645 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.2 7.2 8.0 4.3 4.4 24.3 24.8 15.0 26.1 50.9 49.0 63.5 54.0 7.8 7.5 12.1 7.3 1.5 1.2 2.3 2.5 .4 .4 1.1 1.8 5.7 6.6 1.1 3.6 .2 12.2 12.2 12.4 12.3 477 100.0 143 100.0 331 100.0 3 100.0 3.6 1.4 4.2 2.9 .7 3.8 4.5 5.5 4.1 21.0 20.0 21.6 45.8 45.3 46.2 16.6 15.2 17.0 3.2 5.9 2.0 2.5 5.9 1.0 12.4 12.5 12.4 0 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing ........................................................................ 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Less than 0.05 percent. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Occupational data shown in tables B-9 and B-10 are coded .1 2.4 (3) (2) (3) .7 (3) (3) and published according to the 1980 census classification system rather than the 1970 census system previously in use. Therefore, comparisons for earlier years are not available. Table IB-10. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, Exarch 1983 Percent distribution by years of school completed Elementary Total employed (thousands) Total White Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 48,933 100.0 3.6 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty...................................................................... 12,967 6,755 6,213 100.0 100.0 100.0 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 9,804 1,343 5,743 2,718 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household .......................................................................... . Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... Occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin High school College Median years of school completed 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years 3.7 12.0 36.9 18.4 25.3 12.8 .5 .8 .2 .6 .9 .3 2.7 3.9 1.3 15.7 23.2 7.5 16.5 20.4 12.4 64.1 50.8 78.4 16.5 16.0 17.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .9 .1 1.0 1.2 1.7 .9 1.8 2.0 7.2 2.2 7.5 9.0 35.5 30.2 34.1 40.9 27.6 36.2 25.9 26.9 27.1 30.5 29.7 20.1 13.5 14.3 13.7 12.9 4,320 23 1,240 3,058 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.0 20.7 (2) 7.1 26.1 37.8 (2) 41.6 36.5 21.3 (2) 31.4 17.0 12.5 2.4 7.5 4.7 (2) 1.8 5.8 9.5 ft 15.6 7.2 12.9 12.3 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft, and repair ................................ 9,927 3,613 3,523 2,791 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.1 3.5 4.7 4.3 5.1 5.2 5.4 4.6 15.4 15.4 17.1 13.1 52.8 54.9 51.0 52.3 17.2 16.9 17.1 17.6 5.5 4.2 4.6 8.1 12.5 12.5 12.4 12.5 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................ Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 9,497 3,687 3,171 2,640 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.0 8.2 5.8 6.7 6.4 6.7 6.4 5.9 20.9 18.1 20.6 25.1 49.9 51.1 50.7 47.2 13.2 13.0 13.5 13.0 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.1 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.3 Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing........................................................................ 2,417 1,195 1,052 170 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.1 7.0 17.6 13.6 9.2 11.1 7.2 8.3 18.2 12.0 23.2 30.7 39.3 44.6 34.7 29.9 12.2 12.8 11.8 10.2 9.0 12.4 5.5 7.4 12.3 12.4 12.1 11.7 Black Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 4,408 100.0 8.7 4.4 19.3 38.7 16.7 12.1 12.5 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty..................................................................... 564 294 270 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.5 1.6 1.3 .5 .4 .6 4.5 6.2 2.6 19.0 23.1 14.7 17.8 20.5 15.0 56.7 48.2 65.9 16.3 15.3 16.7 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical ....................................... 668 88 206 374 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.1 (3) 4.3 1.3 1.3 (3) 1.3 1.6 11.4 (3) 12.4 13.5 40.5 36.2 42.8 40.3 30.3 42.0 18.9 33.9 14.4 21.8 20.3 9.4 12.9 14.1 12.7 12.8 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 823 12 176 635 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.9 (2) .9 7.2 4.1 (2) (3) 5.4 24.4 (2) 17.1 26.0 46.0 (2) 48.6 45.6 14.7 4.9 21.0 12.9 12.5 2.9 12.3 ft 12.7 12.2 Precision production, craft, and repair............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................ Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft, and repair ................................ 653 239 211 203 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.4 11.5 8.3 5.1 3.4 2.3 3.2 4.7 18.8 19.7 20.9 15.6 46.1 42.9 50.4 45.4 18.3 20.4 12.7 21.6 4.9 3.2 4.5 7.5 12.4 12.4 12.3 12.5 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................ Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors.......................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 1,481 472 466 543 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12.2 8.2 12.8 15.2 6.8 6.7 6.1 7.5 24.7 22.9 25.7 25.4 41.0 43.5 39.7 39.9 12.4 15.4 12.6 9.6 2.9 3.3 3.1 2.4 12.2 12.3 12.1 12.0 Farming, forestry, and fishing........................................................... Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations......................................... Forestry and fishing........................................................................ 220 15 186 18 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.5 (2) 34.3 (2) 12.4 (2) 14.0 (2) 27.5 26.8 19.1 (2) 19.9 5.1 (2) 4.5 .4 ft ft 9.3 ft 9.2 ft ft ft ft ft Less than 8 years' 8 years MEN See footnotes at end of table. 26 ft ft ft .5 ft Tab!® B~10. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of sclhiooi completed, March 19®3==Continued Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total employed (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 8 years High school College 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years Median years of school completed KiEM—Continued Hispanic origin Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 2,947 100.0 22.6 6.9 16.5 30.7 14.5 8.8 12.1 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty...................................................................... 352 212 140 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.7 7.7 2.7 1.8 1.4 2.6 4.9 5.6 3.9 20.1 28.2 7.8 21.2 23.3 18.0 46.2 33.8 65.0 15.5 14.2 16.9 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 424 55 191 178 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.6 (2) 7.9 4.4 3.8 (2) 3.2 3.8 12.1 38.4 30.2 9.9 12.7 ft ft ft Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 447 1 73 372 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 25.5 6.1 (2) 30.0 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft, and repair ................................ 591 198 191 202 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 923 394 233 296 Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing........................................................................ WOMEN ft ft 14.6 12.4 36.0 43.5 29.5 27.0 21.1 29.6 12.2 ft ft ft ft 7.1 23.1 26.4 ft ft ft ft ft ft 8.5 4.9 10.6 20.8 16.7 23.7 22.1 8.0 6.2 9.8 8.0 19.5 21.9 17.3 19.2 36.2 37.3 37.6 33.8 12.5 14.3 9.7 13.5 3.0 3.6 1.9 3.4 12.0 12.1 11.9 12.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 28.1 31.9 23.5 26.6 9.2 9.8 7.9 9.6 20.3 20.0 16.8 23.4 31.7 29.1 38.4 29.8 10.0 8.4 12.3 10.2 .8 .8 1.1 .4 10.9 10.1 12.0 10.9 211 11 199 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 59.8 (2) 60.8 (2) 9.8 10.6 14.9 ft ft 9.6 (2) 10.6 15.0 ft ft 2.3 ft 2.5 ft Whit® Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 37,449 100.0 2.0 2.3 11.0 44.9 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty..................................................................... 8,685 3,184 5,501 100.0 100.0 100.0 .2 .3 .1 .5 1.2 .1 2.4 3.9 1.5 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 17,702 1,236 5,002 11,465 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .4 .1 .8 .3 .8 .6 1.6 .5 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 6,506 708 137 5,661 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.9 11.8 5.3 4.1 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft, and repair ................................ 710 92 55 563 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................ Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 3,409 2,575 273 561 Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing ........................................................................ 437 142 292 3 See footnotes at end of table. 27 ft ft ft 8.8 8.8 12.7 12.7 5.5 11.6 2.5 6.9 ft 1.5 ft 6.8 ft ft 20.6 19.1 12.8 19.8 37.7 9.4 20.7 24.1 18.7 56.5 32.8 70.2 16.2 13.9 16.6 7.8 2.0 14.8 5.3 55.1 33.9 49.0 60.0 25.6 37.8 22.3 25.7 10.3 25.6 11.5 8.2 12.7 14.0 12.7 12.7 5.0 7.2 1.6 4.9 23.0 38.5 9.6 21.4 47.0 31.4 49.6 48.9 15.5 7.9 18.1 16.3 4.5 3.2 15.8 4.4 12.4 11.5 12.7 12.4 5.4 2.8 5.8 3.6 18.7 12.9 52.2 59.5 6.6 6.7 12.4 12.5 ft ft ft ft 6.2 6.7 20.2 51.5 11.3 14.5 ft 9.6 5.8 12.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.1 9.5 1.3 5.0 7.8 8.8 4.3 4.5 24.2 25.0 14.1 25.5 50.6 48.2 65.8 54.1 7.3 6.7 12.0 7.7 2.0 1.7 2.4 3.1 12.2 12.1 12.5 12.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.8 2.2 7.3 0 4.6 5.5 4.2 19.8 20.2 19.8 47.2 44.8 48.7 5.8 12.0 2.8 12.4 12.5 12.4 ft ft 16.7 15.3 17.1 ft ft ft ft ft ft Table B-10. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, March 1983—Continued Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total employed (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school 8 years College 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years Median years of school completed WOMEN—Continued . >'' Black Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 4,561 100.0 4.8 3.6 15.4 42.5 20.2 13.4 12.6 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty...................................................................... 714 216 499 100.0 100.0 100.0 .7 (3) 1.0 .9 1.7 .6 2.4 3.9 1.7 17.9 34.2 10.8 22.1 32.9 17.4 56.1 27.3 68.5 16.2 13.8 16.5 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 1,620 147 327 1,147 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .4 (3) 1.0 .2 .9 ft .6 1.1 8.6 10.5 15.5 6.4 49.1 40.4 51.1 49.7 30.9 29.5 20.8 33.9 10.1 19.6 11.0 8.6 12.8 13.0 12.6 12.8 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 1,407 238 40 1,129 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 11.7 25.0 ft 9.3 7.9 14.6 ft 6.7 25.0 25.3 ft 25.5 41.2 27.9 ft 44.7 12.0 6.4 ft 11.8 2.2 .7 ft 2.1 12.1 10.6 12.2 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft, and repair ................................ 95 14 8 73 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.2 ft ft ft (3) ft ft ft 12.0 ft ft ft 56.5 ft ft ft 22.5 ft 5.9 12.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations.......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 691 573 46 72 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.1 4.4 ft ft 4.8 4.8 ft ft 24.9 24.7 ft ft 54.0 54.7 ft ft 9.7 10.0 ft ft ft 12.3 12.3 ft ft ft Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations..................................... Forestry and fishing........................................................................ 33 1 32 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 1,986 100.0 16.4 5.7 15.6 37.4 15.3 9.6 12.3 Managerial and professional specialty.............................................. Executive, administrative, and managerial..................................... Professional specialty...................................................................... 248 107 141 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.1 3.0 1.4 .7 .9 .6 3.9 5.4 2.8 23.0 41.4 9.1 22.1 26.8 18.6 48.2 22.6 67.5 15.6 13.0 16.4 Technical, sales, and administrative support................................... Technicians and related support.................................................... Sales occupations........................................................................... Administrative support, including clerical....................................... 833 41 210 581 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.1 ft 5.6 2.2 2.0 ft 3.5 1.4 11.6 ft 19.7 9.3 52.4 ft 49.8 53.7 25.3 ft 16.4 28.2 5.7 ft 5.0 5.1 12.6 ft 12.4 12.7 Service occupations .......................................................................... Private household ........................................................................... Protective service............................................................................ Service, except private household and protective......................... 453 76 11 366 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 30.8 45.5 ft 27.6 9.6 9.9 ft 9.8 23.6 21.9 4.5 3.4 24.2 28.0 15.2 ft 31.3 3.6 4.1 ft 2.6 10.3 8.5 ft 10.6 Precision production, craft, and repair.............................................. Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Construction trades......................................................................... Other precision production, craft, and repair ................................ 66 10 4 52 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Operators, fabricators, and laborers ................................................ Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors........................... Transportation and material moving occupations......................... Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers................... 362 297 19 47 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 35.0 38.2 ft 11.7 11.7 ft 21.9 22.6 27.9 25.0 ft ft ft 23 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 1.6 1.3 ft ft Hispanic origin Farming, forestry, and fishing............................................................ Farm operators and managers....................................................... Farm workers and related occupations.......................................... Forestry and fishing........................................................................ 22 1 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. ft 3 Less than 0.05 percent. 28 ft ft 4.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 2.5 1.9 1.0 .6 9.4 9.0 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft Tab>!@ 0=111. Empfloysdl civilians Iby industry, sex, and years of sclhool comp!©f®d, March 1983 Percent distribution by years of school completed Median Total years Elementary em High School College of ployed school (thou Total 1 1 4 or Less 8 4 com sands) than to 3 to 3 more years years pleted 8 years1 years years years Industry and sex MEM Total, 16 years and over......................................................... ......................... 54,638 100.0 4.1 3.7 12.6 36.8 18.3 24.7 12.8 Agriculture .................................................................................................................. 2,371 100.0 13.1 9.4 17.2 38.1 12.1 10.1 12.3 Mining......................................................................................................................... Construction............................................................................................................... Manufacturing ............................................................................................................ 794 100.0 5,024 100.0 13,215 100.0 3.8 5.3 4.9 6.0 5.6 4.5 11.4 17.9 13.3 39.5 46.5 42.1 15.8 16.6 16.6 23.5 8.1 18.6 12.7 12.5 12.6 Durable goods......................................................................................................... Lumber and wood products, except furniture..................................................... Furniture and fixtures........................................................................................... Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products......................................................... Primary metal industries....................................................................................... Fabricated metal products................................................................................... Machinery, except electrical................................................................................ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................... Transportation equipment.................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment.......................................................................... Other transportation equipment........................................................................ Aircraft and parts............................................................................................. Other transportation equipment ..................................................................... Professional and photographic equipment, and w atches................................. Toys and amusement and sporting g o o ds........................................................ Misc. and not elsewhere classified manufacturing industries.......................... 8,440 593 306 399 667 1,059 1,860 1,169 1,732 760 972 430 542 380 75 199 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.8 17.3 17.1 5.4 6.6 6.4 1.7 2.5 2.3 3.0 1.7 1.3 2.0 1.8 5.1 2.8 4.7 10.0 10.5 5.4 7.2 5.8 3.3 3.2 3.7 4.0 3.4 2.9 3.9 1.5 3.6 3.6 12.6 19.6 12.5 20.5 14.7 19.2 9.1 7.7 10.7 13.4 8.6 8.1 9.0 6.5 23.5 17.7 41.7 36.8 44.0 47.0 43.6 45.0 42.5 36.8 42.5 46.6 39.3 39.8 38.9 38.0 31.3 43.7 17.7 9.5 11.5 11.5 15.3 13.5 20.6 22.4 18.6 17.9 19.2 24.5 15.0 27.3 8.2 16.3 18.6 6.9 4.4 10.2 12.8 10.2 22.8 27.5 22.2 15.1 27.7 23.4 31.1 24.9 28.3 15.9 12.7 12.1 12.2 12.4 12.5 12.4 12.8 13.0 12.8 12.6 12.9 12.9 12.9 13.5 12.6 12.6 Nondurable goods.................................................................................................. Food and kindred products................................................................................. Tobacco manufactures ........................................................................................ Textile mill products............................................................................................. Apparel and other finished textile products........................................................ Paper and allied products.................................................................................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries............................................................ Chemicals and allied products............................................................................ Petroleum and coal products.............................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products..................................................... Leather and leather products.............................................................................. 4,776 1,088 43 363 242 476 1,040 804 153 468 98 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.1 6.6 (2) 15.2 9.2 4.8 .6 2.6 (3) 5.3 19.3 4.1 6.1 (2) 5.6 4.4 3.5 2.1 2.7 2.0 5.3 7.7 14.7 17.9 (2) 29.2 20.1 15.6 13.2 6.9 8.5 9.7 16.0 42.9 44.8 (2) 31.5 36.9 49.0 42.9 39.1 36.5 52.2 43.6 14.6 13.6 (2) 7.4 13.9 12.4 16.7 17.3 20.5 15.5 5.4 18.6 11.1 (2) 11.1 15.4 14.5 24.5 31.4 32.6 12.0 8.0 12.6 12.4 (2) 12.0 12.4 12.5 12.8 13.0 13.5 12.6 12.2 Transportation, communications, and other public utilities..................................... Transportation......................................................................................................... Communications and other public utilities............................................................. Communications................................................................................................... Utilities and sanitary services.............................................................................. 4,965 3,014 1,951 810 1,140 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 .6 5.3 3.5 4.4 2.1 .3 3.4 11.4 14.3 6.9 3.3 9.5 45.3 45.7 44.7 43.7 45.4 21.4 20.6 22.5 26.7 19.6 15.1 11.7 20.4 25.2 16.9 12.7 12.6 12.8 13.2 12.7 Wholesale and retail trad e ........................................................................................ Wholesale trade...................................................................................................... Retail trade.............................................................................................................. 10,706 100.0 3,097 100.0 7,609 100.0 3.2 3.0 3.2 2.8 2.6 2.9 16.0 9.7 18.6 39.1 36.8 40.0 21.6 22.3 21.3 17.4 25.6 14.1 12.7 12.9 12.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate ........................................................................ Banking and other finance..................................................................................... Insurance and real estate ...................................................................................... 2,602 100.0 982 100.0 1,620 100.0 1.6 .3 2.4 1.5 .7 2.0 5.1 2.1 6.9 24.0 20.7 26.0 22.7 24.0 21.9 45.1 52.1 40.9 15.0 16.1 14.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.0 17.2 2.8 3.0 1.6 4.9 6.9 2.9 2.1 1.5 1.9 2.3 10.2 .9 8.3 2.5 7.6 2.5 3.6 2.1 5.7 4.8 2.4 1.6 2.5 1.0 1.6 3.2 1.1 4.3 9.4 35.6 9.1 13.7 9.7 19.1 14.5 18.4 5.3 6.7 5.3 5.8 7.7 3.3 20.8 24.6 22.1 24.6 39.7 30.6 51.9 38.0 32.5 15.8 29.0 13.8 14.7 18.7 11.0 20.6 15.9 12.7 16.0 18.2 22.4 12.6 21.9 19.4 13.9 21.7 8.9 14.3 9.1 12.1 17.7 44.5 4.7 45.1 21.7 33.8 5.7 13.9 24.4 61.4 38.6 69.1 61.2 51.1 71.5 28.4 14.7 11.1 14.8 12.7 14.0 12.4 12.6 12.8 16.7 14.3 18.2 16.7 16.1 16.9 12.8 2,783 100.0 1.8 1.7 5.3 32.6 23.6 35.0 14.1 Services..................................................................................................................... Private household................................................................................................... Miscellaneous services........................................................................................... Business and repair services.............................................................................. Business services ............................................................................................. Repair services.................................................................................................. Personal services, except private household .................................................... Entertainment and recreational services............................................................ Professional and related services...................................................................... Hospitals............................................................................................................. Health services, except hospitals..................................................................... Educational services.......................................................................................... Social services.................................................................................................. Other professional services.............................................................................. Forestry and fisheries........................................................................................... Public administration................................................................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 29 12,179 161 12,018 3,089 1,760 1,329 953 630 7,190 1,027 854 3,041 271 1,996 157 Table IB-11. Employed civilians by industry, sex, and years of school completed, March 1983—Continued Percent Total em ployed (thou Total sands) 8 Industry and sex distribution by years of school completed Median years of school 1 1 4 or 4 com 8 to 3 more to 3 years years pleted years years years Elementary Less than years1 High School College WOMEN Total, 16 years and over................................................................................... 43,165 100.0 2.4 2.4 11.4 44.4 20.5 18.9 12.8 Agriculture .................................................................................................................. 577 100.0 4.9 3.7 19.9 45.2 17.8 8.6 12.5 Mining......................................................................................................................... Construction............................................................................................................... Manufacturing ............................................................................................................ 137 100.0 444 100.0 6,236 100.0 (3) .3 4.9 ft ft 4.8 2.8 7.0 16.5 44.6 56.8 51.3 26.3 23.5 14.3 26.3 12.5 8.2 13.3 12.8 12.5 55.2 52.7 49.3 64.1 58.7 53.7 52.9 56.9 55.3 60.2 51.7 55.8 44.5 56.6 15.6 14.3 4.7 10.4 15.0 10.9 18.0 16.3 20.6 13.6 25.7 22.5 31.1 16.7 8.1 9.6 3.6 13.2 5.8 9.9 13.6 4.4 8.4 4.5 11.2 6.4 19.4 5.2 12.5 12.5 12.2 12.6 12.5 12.5 12.7 12.5 12.6 12.5 12.7 12.6 13.1 12.5 Durable goods......................................................................................................... Lumber and wood products, except furniture.................................................... Furniture and fixtures ........................................................................................... Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products......................................................... Primary metal industries....................................................................................... Fabricated metal products................................................................................... Machinery, except electrical................................................................................ Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies.................................................. Transportation equipment.................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment......................................................................... Other transportation equipment....................................................................... Aircraft and parts............................................................................................ Other transportation equipment ..................................................................... Professional and photographic equipment, and w atches................................ Toys and amusement and sporting goods ....................................................... Misc. and not elsewhere classified manufacturing industries.......................... 2,968 77 107 124 101 295 537 823 425 178 247 156 91 267 68 145 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.4 4.3 16.7 2.2 4.8 3.4 .1 4.1 1.6 .5 2.4 3.2 1.0 1.0 (2) 8.5 3.7 ft 3.5 3.5 1.6 5.1 3.6 5.4 2.1 4.2 .6 .9 ft 3.0 ft 3.4 14.0 19.0 22.3 6.5 14.1 16.9 11.8 13.0 12.0 17.0 8.5 11.1 4.0 17.6 19.0 51.0 ft ft 6.5 11.7 12.4 Nondurable g oods.................................................................................................. Food and kindred products ................................................................................. Tobacco manufactures ........................................................................................ Textile mill products ............................................................................................. Apparel and other finished textile products....................................................... Paper and allied products.................................................................................... Printing, publishing, and allied industries............................................................ Chemicals and allied products............................................................................ Petroleum and coal products.............................................................................. Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products.................................................... Leather and leather products.............................................................................. 3,268 466 20 378 875 172 584 321 43 232 177 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.2 8.0 5.9 6.9 ft 7.9 11.6 3.6 1.2 1.2 O 2.4 7.6 ft 5.6 11.7 .2 1.6 1.5 ft 3.6 5.9 18.7 17.9 ft 29.3 23.9 10.8 9.5 6.5 ft 22.7 33.4 47.8 46.2 ft 44.7 45.1 58.6 48.7 51.1 ft 55.9 44.8 13.1 15.1 ft 8.6 5.8 19.4 20.5 21.8 ft 13.1 5.7 8.3 5.8 ft 4.0 1.9 7.5 18.5 17.9 ft 2.2 2.6 12.4 12.4 ft 12.2 12.1 12.6 12.8 12.8 ft 12.4 12.1 Transportation, communications, and other public utilities..................................... Transportation......................................................................................................... Communications and other public utilities............................................................. Communications................................................................................................... Utilities and sanitary services.............................................................................. 1,785 883 902 677 226 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .7 .9 .6 .3 1.4 .9 1.2 .5 .5 .7 5.0 7.6 2.4 2.7 1.6 55.0 51.7 58.3 57.2 61.7 27.1 27.4 26.7 26.2 28.2 11.4 11.3 11.4 13.1 6.4 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 Wholesale and retail trad e ....................................................................................... Wholesale trade...................................................................................................... Retail trade.............................................................................................................. 9,615 100.0 1,191 100.0 8,425 100.0 1.7 2.2 1.6 2.4 2.1 2.5 17.1 7.0 18.5 50.6 51.5 50.5 19.3 22.4 18.8 8.9 14.9 8.1 12.6 12.8 12.5 Finance, insurance, and real estate ........................................................................ Banking and other finance..................................................................................... Insurance and real estate ...................................................................................... 3,638 100.0 1,810 100.0 1,828 100.0 .5 .2 .8 .6 ft 1.2 4.3 3.8 4.9 53.6 55.7 51.6 25.4 25.3 25.6 15.5 15.0 16.0 12.8 12.8 12.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.6 15.0 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.5 4.4 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.9 .9 4.4 .5 2.3 8.8 1.9 2.2 2.0 3.1 4.5 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.5 1.0 1.7 1.4 ft 9.4 33.0 8.0 9.5 9.5 10.1 17.0 18.8 6.4 8.3 8.8 4.5 6.6 4.4 ft 35.3 31.5 35.5 43.9 41.8 56.3 54.1 36.3 32.1 32.8 44.0 23.7 37.0 35.8 21.4 8.8 22.1 21.9 22.3 19.7 13.7 23.6 23.2 31.5 25.9 16.3 20.4 27.2 29.0 2.9 30.6 20.7 22.6 9.4 6.2 18.2 35.2 23.9 16.9 53.5 29.8 30.8 13.1 11.5 13.3 12.8 12.9 12.6 12.4 12.8 14.1 13.7 12.8 16.2 13.0 13.8 ft ft ft ft 1,879 100.0 .8 .7 4.9 49.0 22.4 22.2 12.9 Services..................................................................................................................... Private household................................................................................................... Miscellaneous services.......................................................................................... Business and repair services.............................................................................. Business services ............................................................................................. Repair services.................................................................................................. Personal services, except private household .................................................... Entertainment and recreational services............................................................ Professional and related services ...................................................................... Hospitals............................................................................................................ Health services, except hospitals.................................................................... Educational services......................................................................................... Social services .................................................................................................. Other professional services.............................................................................. Forestry and fisheries.......................................................................................... Public administration................................................................................................. ' Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 3 Less than 0.05 percent. 18,854 1,060 17,794 1,702 1,456 246 1,788 398 13,888 3,256 2,619 5,358 1,113 1,542 16 ft ft ft ft NOTE: Industry data shown in this table are not strictly comparable with those for earlier years because of revisions in industrial classifications beginning in 1983. 30 Table 1=12. Unemployment rates by years of school completed, sex, and age, March 1983 Total 16 to 17 years Total ...................................................................... 10.9 27.8 Elementary : Less than 5 years'...................................... 5 to 7 ye a rs................................................ 8 years......................................................... 16.8 17.1 15.3 (2) O 49.7 (*) 45.0 High school: 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... 20.6 11.7 26.8 l2) 8.1 3.8 Total ..................................................................... Years of school completed and sex 18 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 years years years years years years years and over TOTAL 22.7 11.6 7.9 7.1 6.8 3.2 34.1 28.4 17.3 22.9 20.1 19.9 20.2 16.3 17.6 14.4 13.2 16.8 11.4 10.0 4.4 3.4 2.8 29.7 20.1 31.5 17.6 24.7 14.5 15.0 8.7 11.9 6.3 10.3 6.2 4.1 2.9 l2) (2) 11.5 l2) 10.9 7.0 9.6 4.2 5.3 3.5 6.0 2.6 4.5 2.3 3.7 2.5 11.9 29.8 25.3 18.8 13.1 8.1 7.7 7.6 3.7 Elementary : Less than 5 years1...................................... 5 to 7 ye a rs................................................ 8 years......................................................... 18.2 17.5 15.3 (2) l2) (2) (2) (2) l2) (2) 40.1 29.0 18.0 22.6 20.5 22.3 14.8 16.3 15.3 15.8 11.7 21.6 13.7 11.0 5.9 3.6 3.0 High school: 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... 21.4 13.6 28.5 (2) 31.0 22.5 32.1 19.3 24.8 17.2 14.3 9.7 13.0 7.7 11.0 7.3 4.2 3.5 9.3 3.6 (2) l2) 15.8 n 12.8 8.0 11.1 4.3 6.2 3.2 6.4 2.8 5.0 2.1 6.3 2.0 Total ..................................................................... 9.7 25.7 19.8 13.6 9.7 7.7 6.1 5.5 2.4 Elementary : Less than 5 years1...................................... 5 to 7 ye a rs................................................ 8 years......................................................... 13.5 16.1 15.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 23.9 19.5 l2) 30.3 16.3 22.4 10.7 16.3 4.2 7.5 8.1 l2) 3.0 2.6 High school: 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... 19.6 9.7 25.0 (2) 27.8 17.7 30.1 15.6 24.4 11.3 15.8 7.6 10.4 4.9 9.3 5.2 3.8 2.1 6.8 4.0 (2) (2) 8.2 (2) 9.1 6.2 7.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 5.4 2.0 3.7 2.7 3.9 0 16.4 n College 1 to 3 years ................................................ 4 years......................................................... Men College 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... Women College 1 to 3 ye a rs ................................................ 4 years......................................................... 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 31 Table B-13. Unemployed persons by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1983 Years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Total 16 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 years and over Percent distribution by years of school completed WHITE Total (thousands) .............................................. Percent............................................................... 9,274 100.0 3,358 100.0 2,742 100.0 1,454 100.0 961 100.0 760 100.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 1.5 3.9 5.2 .4 2.1 3.7 .9 2.8 2.8 3.1 5.8 5.8 3.4 7.1 10.2 3.8 8.0 12.8 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 25.4 43.2 38.6 41.1 16.9 48.8 17.1 43.5 19.6 38.5 20.8 37.5 20.9 14.1 27.9 24.7 21.2 17.1 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Unemployment rates Total ................................................................... 9.7 16.7 10.1 7.2 6.5 5.6 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years..................................................... 15.1 17.2 15.4 (2) 37.6 35.5 15.1 21.2 20.0 21.4 21.3 17.7 14.5 14.2 13.5 10.0 9.1 8.2 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 19.0 10.3 26.2 15.8 23.4 12.7 13.5 7.7 10.9 5.9 8.4 5.5 5.1 8.1 5.6 3.9 3.9 3.0 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Percent distribution by years of school completed BLACK Total (thousands) .............................................. Percent............................................................... 2,384 100.0 932 100.0 805 100.0 341 100.0 183 100.0 123 100.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 2.1 3.4 3.0 (3) 1.1 2.5 .9 1.5 1.9 .2 6.8 3.2 6.7 9.8 7.6 23.3 13.7 6.6 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 27.3 45.3 33.0 45.4 18.8 51.0 27.0 47.9 34.2 30.9 29.5 21.5 19.0 17.9 26.0 15.0 10.8 5.4 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Unemployment rates Total ................................................................... 21.0 36.7 22.2 14.4 11.5 10.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 21.8 15.8 16.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 18.9 11.9 (*) 13.5 12.2 20.2 8.0 6.6 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 29.5 22.8 48.7 34.2 30.6 25.6 21.1 16.1 16.4 10.0 13.8 8.5 13.9 27.1 14.7 7.5 5.6 3.7 ' College 1 year or m ore........................................ See footnotes at end of table. 32 Table B-13. Unemployed persons by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and age, Search 1983—-Continued Years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Total 16 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 years and over Percent distribution by years of school completed HISPANIC ORIGIN Total (thousands) .............................................. Percent............................................................... 960 100.0 354 100.0 286 100.0 179 100.0 83 100.0 59 100.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 10.6 14.4 7.4 3.1 6.9 7.5 8.3 14.2 6.2 16.8 25.0 7.8 25.6 13.0 11.8 ft ft ft High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 26.1 28.7 41.5 29.9 23.9 33.0 13.5 24.5 8.4 26.6 ft ft 12.8 11.1 14.5 12.4 14.6 ft College : 1 year or m ore........................................ Unemployment rates T o ta l.................................................................. 16.3 24.4 14.9 14.5 9.9 12.7 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.............. ...................................... 20.6 18.7 18.4 ft 23.8 ft 19.9 18.1 18.1 24.6 24.0 15.7 18.3 7.7 15.8 20.8 11.9 ft High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 23.9 14.4 34.1 20.0 23.2 14.0 14.3 11.3 6.2 ft 9.4 14.2 8.1 8.0 7.4 9.9 8.8 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Includes persons reporting no school years completed. Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. Less than 0.05 percent. ft NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the “ other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Table El-14. Unemployed persons by duration, §@k, rae®, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, March 1983 Percent distribution by years of school completed Duration of unemployment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total unemployed (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school College 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 or more years Median years of school completed TOTAL Total, 16 years and o ve r................................. 12,011 100.0 5.5 4.6 25.5 43.4 20.9 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. 3,189 3,533 2,271 3,018 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.5 5.7 4.8 4.8 4.6 4.3 4.5 5.1 29.9 26.2 23.1 22.1 39.9 42.0 45.2 47.4 19.1 22.0 22.3 20.6 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 Total, 16 years and over................................. 7,397 100.0 6.5 4.9 25.2 42.6 20.8 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. 1,623 2,161 1,492 2,120 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.2 6.7 5.4 5.6 4.7 4.4 4.7 5.8 30.2 27.1 22.2 21.7 38.4 39.6 45.4 47.0 18.5 22.2 22.4 19.9 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 W om en Total, 16 years and over................................. 4,614 100.0 4.0 4.1 26.0 44.6 21.2 12.4 1 to 4 weeks......... ................................................. 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. 1,566 1,371 779 897 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.8 4.0 3.7 3.1 4.4 4.0 4.3 3.5 29.5 24.7 25.0 22.8 41.5 45.7 44.8 48.2 19.8 21.6 22.2 22.3 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 Total, 16 years and over................................. 9,274 100.0 5.4 5.2 25.4 43.2 20.9 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. 2,484 2,729 1,814 2,247 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.5 5.5 4.8 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.8 6.1 29.6 25.7 23.8 21.6 39.1 42.0 44.9 47.7 19.8 22.0 21.7 19.9 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 Total, 16 years and over................................. 5,880 100.0 6.2 5.5 24.6 42.8 20.9 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. 1,326 1,717 1,231 1,606 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.0 6.7 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.1 6.8 28.5 26.1 23.0 20.9 38.9 39.8 44.6 48.1 19.6 22.5 22.2 19.2 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.4 WHISTE Elen - W om en Total, 16 years and over................................. 3,394 100.0 4.0 4.5 26.8 43.8 20.8 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. 1,158 1,012 584 641 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.7 3.5 3.9 3.7 5.0 4.4 4.2 4.3 30.8 25.1 25.5 23.3 39.5 45.8 45.7 46.9 20.1 21.2 20.7 21.7 12.2 12.4 12.4 12.4 See footnotes at end of table. 34 Tabs® B-14. Unemployed persons by duration, sen, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, IMiareh 1983—Continued Percent distribution by years of school completed Duration of unemployment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total unemployed (thousands) ' Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school College 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 or more years Median years of school completed BLACK Total, 16 years and over................................. 2,384 100.0 5.4 3.0 27.3 45.3 19.0 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 616 665 1,103 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.5 6.5 5.2 3.2 2.9 3.0 33.3 28.9 22.9 42.8 43.7 47.6 16.2 18.0 21.2 12.2 12.3 12.4 Total, 16 years and over................................. 1,314 100.0 7.1 2.9 29.0 43.4 17.6 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 256 363 694 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.7 7.6 7.3 3.3 2.6 2.8 41.6 32.8 22.4 35.9 40.2 47.9 13.5 16.8 19.5 12.0 12.2 12.4 Total, 16 years and o ve r................................. 1,070 100.0 3.4 3.2 25.1 47.5 20.8 12.4 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 359 302 409 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.7 5.3 1.7 3.1 3.3 3.2 27.4 24.1 23.8 47.7 47.8 47.2 18.1 19.5 24.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Total, 16 years and o ver................................. 960 100.0 25.0 7.4 26.1 28.7 12.8 11.1 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 332 284 344 100.0 100.0 100.0 24.0 29.6 22.2 8.0 6.5 7.6 29.1 23.9 24.9 28.6 26.2 31.0 10.4 13.8 14.3 11.0 10.7 11.4 Total, 16 years and over................................. 573 100.0 26.9 7.5 24.6 29.1 11.8 10.9 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 176 180 217 100.0 100.0 100.0 25.3 33.8 22.5 8.8 3.4 9.9 27.3 23.5 23.5 28.7 26.2 31.8 10.0 13.1 12.2 10.8 10.7 11.1 Total, 16 years and o ver................................. 386 100.0 22.1 7.3 28.2 28.2 14.2 11.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 156 103 127 100.0 100.0 100.0 22.5 22.3 21.5 7.1 11.9 3.7 31.2 24.6 27.3 28.5 26.1 29.6 10.7 15.2 17.8 11.1 10.9 11.7 Men Women HISPANIC ORIGIN Men Women sum to totals because data for the “ other races” group are not presented and Hlspanics are included in both the white and black population groups. 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not 35 Appendix C= Syppfemertary Tabllas for 1982 Table C-1. E m ploym ent sta tu s o f the p o p ulatio n by years o f sch o o l completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, M arch l§>32 Civilian labor force Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of popu lation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total Percent of labor force 15 weeks or more Total Percent of unemployed Not in labor force TOTAL Total, 16 years and over........................... 171,666 108,762 63.4 98,208 2,900 95,307 10,554 9.7 3,538 33.5 62,905 Elementary : Less than 5 years' ........................... 5 to 7 years...................................... 8 years............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years...................................... 4 years............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years............................................. 5 years or more............................... 4,331 8,049 10,730 1,239 2,962 3,771 28.6 36.8 35.1 1,029 2,559 3,254 160 187 262 869 2,372 2,992 210 403 516 16.9 13.6 13.7 55 143 168 26.3 35.6 32.5 3,093 5,087 6,959 30,345 64,784 15,592 44,644 51.4 68.9 12,787 40,046 532 1,139 12,255 38,907 2,805 4,598 18.0 10.3 871 1,606 31.0 34.9 14,752 20,140 27,592 15,259 10,576 19,596 12,039 8,919 71.0 78.9 84.3 18,253 11,537 8,742 319 209 91 17,933 11,328 8,651 1,343 502 177 6.9 4.2 2.0 467 166 63 34.7 33.0 35.6 7,996 3,220 1,657 Median years of school completed ................ 12.5 12.7 12.7 12.3 12.7 12.3 - 12.3 - 12.1 81,231 61,666 75.9 55,313 2,356 52,957 6,354 10.3 2,361 37.2 19,564 2,198 3,821 5,009 884 2,003 2,473 40.2 52.4 49.4 736 1,752 2,134 151 179 235 585 1,573 1,899 148 251 339 16.7 12.5 13.7 40 102 111 27.3 40.6 32.8 1,314 1,818 2,536 14,275 27,927 9,117 23,353 63.9 83.6 7,346 20,725 456 839 6,890 19,886 1,771 2,629 19.4 11.3 603 1,047 34.0 39.8 5,157 4,574 13,279 8,057 6,665 10,674 7,176 5,986 80.4 89.1 89.8 9,876 6,871 5,872 245 172 80 9,631 6,700 5,792 798 304 114 7.5 4.2 1.9 306 109 43 38.3 35.7 37.9 2,605 881 679 12.5 12.7 - 12.8 12.2 12.8 12.3 - 12.3 - 11.4 90,436 47,095 52.1 42,895 544 42,350 4,200 8.9 1,177 28.0 43,341 2,134 4,228 5,721 355 958 1,298 16.6 22.7 22.7 293 806 1,120 9 8 27 284 798 1,093 62 152 178 17.4 15.9 13.7 15 41 57 (2) 27.1 32.1 1,779 3,270 4,423 16,070 36,857 6,475 21,291 40.3 57.8 5,441 19,322 76 300 5,365 19,022 1,034 1,969 16.0 9.2 268 559 25.9 28.4 9,595 15,566 14,312 7,202 3,911 8,922 4,863 2,934 62.3 67.5 75.0 8,377 4,666 2,871 75 38 11 8,302 4,628 2,859 545 197 63 6.1 4.1 2.2 161 57 20 29.5 28.9 0 5,391 2,339 978 12.5 12.7 12.7 12.5 12.7 12.3 - 12.4 - - Men Total, 16 years and over........................... Elementary : Less than 5 years’ ........................... 5 to 7 years...................................... 8 years............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years...................................... 4 years............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years............................................. 5 years or more............................... Median years of school completed ................ Women Total, 16 years and over.......................... Elementary : Less than 5 years' .......................... 5 to 7 years..................................... 8 years............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years............................................. 5 years or m ore............................... Median years of school completed................ - See footnotes at end of table. 36 12.2 Table C-1. Employment status of the population by years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, inarch I982—Continued Civilian labor force Civilian Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin stitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of popu lation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total Percent of labor force 15 weeks or more Total Percent of unemployed Not in labor force WHITE 95,107 63.8 86,904 2,636 84,267 8,203 8.6 2,664 32.5 54,029 3,061 6,307 9,445 939 2,267 3,258 30.7 35.9 34.5 796 1,966 2,831 115 145 250 681 1,821 2,581 143 301 427 15.2 13.3 13.1 40 103 132 27.8 34.4 30.8 2,122 4,040 6,187 Total, 16 years and over............................ 149,136 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ........................... 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College : 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ 25,011 57,492 13,026 39,477 52.1 68.7 10,812 35,898 444 1,091 10,369 34,807 2,213 3,579 17.0 9.1 652 1,231 29.5 34.4 11,985 18,015 24,231 13,876 9,712 17,080 10,884 8,175 70.5 78.4 84.2 16,096 10,485 8,019 299 203 88 15,797 10,282 7,930 984 399 156 5.8 3.7 1.9 322 129 55 32.7 32.3 35.4 7,151 2,992 1,537 Median years of school completed................. 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.3 - 12.3 - 12.1 71,018 54,552 76.8 49,529 2,117 47,411 5,023 9.2 1,826 36.3 16,466 1,544 3,061 4,453 682 1,581 2,206 44.2 51.6 49.5 577 1,402 1,923 109 137 224 468 1,264 1,699 105 179 283 15.4 11.3 12.8 30 71 85 29.0 39.4 30.2 861 1,481 2,248 11,911 24,734 7,739 20,779 65.0 84.0 6,312 18,697 377 802 5,935 17,894 1,427 2,083 18.4 10.0 468 822 32.8 39.5 4,172 3,954 11,707 7,421 6,186 9,413 6,603 5,549 80.4 89.0 89.7 8,806 6,367 5,446 225 166 77 8,582 6,200 5,369 606 236 103 6.4 3.6 1.9 228 82 39 37.6 34.9 37.5 2,295 819 637 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.3' 12.8 12.2 - 12.3 - 78,118 40,554 51.9 37,375 519 36,856 3,180 7.8 838 26.4 37,563 1,517 3,246 4,992 257 687 1,052 16.9 21.2 21.1 219 565 908 6 8 26 213 556 882 38 122 144 14.8 17.8 13.7 9 33 46 (2) 26.9 32.0 1,260 2,559 3,939 13,099 32,758 5,286 18,698 40.4 57.1 4,500 17,202 66 289 4,434 16,913 786 1,496 14.9 8.0 184 410 23.4 27.4 7,813 14,061 12,524 6,455 3,526 7,667 4,282 2,626 61.2 66.3 74.5 7,289 4,118 2,573 74 37 11 7,215 4,081 2,562 378 163 53 4.9 3.8 2.0 94 47 16 24.8 28.6 (*) 4,857 2,173 900 12.5 12.7 12.7 12.5 12.7 12.3 - - Men Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary.: Less than 5 years' ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - 11.6 Women Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed ................. - See footnotes at end of table. 37 12.4 - 12.2 Table C-1. Employment status of the population by years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, March I982—Continued Civilian labor force Civilian Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin stitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of popu lation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total Percent of labor force 15 weeks or more Total Not in labor force Percent of unemployed BLACK Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. 18,480 11,067 59.9 8,978 201 8,776 2,090 18.9 797 38.1 7,412 1,015 1,525 1,102 223 608 442 21.9 39.9 40.1 171 520 361 33 40 8 138 481 353 52 88 81 23.4 14.5 18.3 10 35 35 n 40.2 43.1 793 917 660 4,748 6,109 2,316 4,362 48.8 71.4 1,757 3,459 75 34 1,682 3,425 558 903 24.1 20.7 213 336 38.1 37.3 2,432 1,747 2,666 853 462 1,992 728 397 74.7 85.4 85.9 1,678 652 380 6 5 2 1,671 648 378 315 76 17 15.8 10.5 4.3 134 28 6 42.5 36.5 O 674 124 65 12.1 12.4 - 12.5 10.0 12.5 12.3 - 12.3 - 10.7 8,236 5,666 68.8 4,506 189 4,317 1,160 20.5 483 41.7 2,570 551 662 483 161 374 230 29.2 56.5 47.7 123 310 180 33 40 8 90 271 173 38 64 50 23.8 17.0 21.5 8 29 24 n v (*) 390 288 253 2,087 2,667 1,240 2,165 59.4 81.2 921 1,693 70 26 852 1,667 319 472 25.7 21.8 129 199 40.4 42.2 846 502 1,187 371 229 957 335 203 80.7 90.5 88.5 796 289 193 6 5 2 789 285 191 162 46 10 16.9 13.7 5.0 71 20 4 43.7 (2) O 229 35 26 12.1 12.4 - 12.4 9.7 12.5 12.2 10,244 5,401 52.7 4,472 12 4,459 929 17.2 464 863 619 62 234 212 13.3 27.1 34.2 48 210 180 48 210 180 14 24 31 10.4 14.8 3 7 11 2,662 3,442 1,075 2,196 40.4 63.8 836 1,765 831 1,758 239 431 22.2 19.6 84 137 35.1 31.9 1,586 1,245 1,479 482 233 1,035 393 194 70.0 81.5 83.4 882 363 187 - 882 363 187 153 30 7 14.8 7.7 3.5 63 8 1 41.3 O 0 444 89 39 12.1 12.5 - 12.5 12.2 12.5 12.4 - 10.9 Men Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - 12.3 - 10.4 Women Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. See footnotes at end of table. 38 - - 5 7 (*) - 314 12.4 33.8 (*> (*> O 4,843 403 629 407 Tatote C-1. Employment status of th® population Iby years of school completed, sen, race, and Hispanic origin, March S9®2=Continued Civilian labor force Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Civilian noninstitutional popula tion Employed Total Percent of popu lation Total Agriculture Unemployed Nonagricultural industries Total Percent of labor force 15 weeks or more Total Not in labor force Percent of unemployed HISPANIC ORIGIN Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. 9,227 5,916 64.1 5,124 210 4,914 792 13.4 221 27.9 3,311 1,067 1,347 760 503 762 417 47.1 56.6 54.9 421 645 353 81 45 20 340 601 333 81 117 64 16.2 15.3 15.4 24 34 15 29.6 28.9 (*) 564 585 342 1,938 2,555 1,073 1,891 55.4 74.0 839 1,675 32 22 808 1,653 234 216 21.8 11.4 45 74 19.4 34.3 865 664 994 369 197 802 309 158 80.7 83.8 80.4 745 291 153 6 3 1 739 288 152 57 18 5 7.1 5.9 3.2 21 6 1 (1 2) (2) 192 60 39 11.2 12.1 - 12.2 6.6 12.2 10.8 11.5 - 9.5 4,393 3,562 81.1 3,088 186 2,902 474 13.3 144 30.4 831 494 604 380 356 483 288 72.0 80.0 75.7 302 420 251 77 40 17 226 379 234 54 63 37 15.1 13.1 12.8 17 19 10 (2) (2) (2) 138 121 92 931 1,149 663 1,024 71.2 89.1 520 896 27 16 493 880 143 128 21.6 12.5 28 49 19.6 38.1 268 125 520 185 129 469 168 111 90.2 90.9 85.9 433 156 110 5 3 1 429 152 109 36 13 1 7.6 7.6 1.1 16 6 - (2) (2) (2) 51 17 18 11.3 12.0 - 12.1 6.2 12.1 10.7 - 9.6 4,834 2,354 48.7 2,036 24 2,012 318 13.5 77 24.2 573 743 379 147 279 129 25.6 37.6 34.1 119 226 102 5 5 3 115 221 99 28 53 27 18.9 19.1 21.1 8 15 5 (2) (2) (2) 426 464 250 1,007 1,406 410 867 40.7 61.7 319 778 5 6 314 773 91 89 22.1 10.2 17 26 19.1 28.9 597 539 474 184 68 333 141 47 70.3 76.7 <*> 312 136 44 1 311 136 44 21 5 4 6.3 3.9 (2) 11.2 12.2 - 12.3 12.3 10.8 - Men Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years.............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. - 11.9 Women Total, 16 years and over............................ Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ............................ 5 to 7 years....................................... 8 years............................................... High school: 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... College 1 to 3 years....................................... 4 years............................................... 5 years or m ore................................ Median years of school completed................. 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not - 8.9 - 2,480 5 0 1 (2) (2) 141 43 21 - 9.5 - 10.9 sum to totals because data for the “ other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. 39 Table C-2. Employment status and hours of work of the civilian labor force by years of school completed and sen, EVSareh 1©S2 (Percent distribution) Employed Nonagriculturai industries Part time1 Years of school completed and sex Civilian labor force Total Usually work full time Agriculture Usually work part time Unemployed Total Full tim e1 Part time for economic reasons Part time For For for economic other other reasons reasons reasons TOTAL Total, 16 years and o v e r.......................... Elementary : Less than 8 years2........................... 8 years ............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years ............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years or more ............................... Median years of school completed................ 100.0 90.3 2.7 87.6 62.7 2.0 6.6 3.0 13.3 9.7 100.0 100.0 85.4 86.3 8.3 6.9 77.1 79.4 52.0 53.6 3.8 3.7 7.7 5.9 4.6 4.4 9.0 11.8 14.6 13.7 100.0 100.0 82.0 89.7 3.4 2.6 78.6 87.2 43.3 64.1 2.9 2.2 6.1 6.4 4.2 3.4 22.2 11.0 18.0 10.3 100.0 100.0 93.1 96.8 1.6 1.4 91.5 95.3 64.0 76.8 1.4 .6 6.8 7.1 2.2 1.6 17.2 9.2 6.9 3.2 12.7 12.7 12.3 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.7 12.4 12.6 12.3 100.0 89.7 3.8 85.9 68.4 2.1 6.4 2.0 7.0 10.3 100.0 100.0 86.2 86.3 11.4 9.5 74.8 76.8 53.6 57.1 3.8 3.4 8.5 5.7 3.0 3.3 5.8 7.3 13.8 13.7 100.0 100.0 80.6 88.7 5.0 3.6 75.6 85.2 47.8 70.3 3.0 2.4 6.4 6.1 2.8 2.2 15.6 4.1 19.4 11.3 100.0 100.0 92.5 96.8 2.3 1.9 90.2 94.9 70.9 82.3 1.6 .5 6.6 6.4 1.5 1.1 9.6 4.5 7.5 3.2 12.7 12.8 12.2 12.8 12.8 12.3 12.7 12.4 12.4 12.3 100.0 91.1 1.2 89.9 55.3 1.9 6.8 4.4 21.5 8.9 100.0 100.0 83.7 86.3 1.3 2.1 82.4 84.2 48.4 46.8 3.7 4.3 5.9 6.4 8.2 6.6 16.1 20.2 16.3 13.7 100.0 100.0 84.0 90.8 1.2 1.4 82.9 89.3 36.9 57.2 2.9 2.0 5.7 6.7 6.1 4.8 31.4 18.6 16.0 9.2 100.0 100.0 93.9 96.7 .8 .6 93.1 96.0 55.6 67.5 1.2 .6 7.0 8.2 3.0 2.6 26.3 17.1 6.1 3.3 12.7 12.7 12.5 12.7 12.8 12.3 12.8 12.4 12.6 12.3 Men Total, 16 years and o v e r.......................... Elementary : Less than 8 years2........................... 8 years ............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years ............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years or more .............................. Median years of school completed................ Women Total, 16 years and o v e r.......................... Elementary : Less than 8 years2........................... 8 years ............................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years ............................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................... 4 years or more .............................. Median years of school completed................ 1 Employed persons with a job but not at work during the survey week are distributed proportionately among the full- and part-time employed categories, 2 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 40 Tabs© 0-3. Labor force status of the population by years of school completed!, sen, and age, March 1I9®2 (Percent distribution) 16 to 17 years Years of school completed and sex Civilian labor force 18 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force 62,905 100.0 3,074 100.0 4,753 100.0 4,820 100.0 3,255 100.0 15,837 100.0 5,015 100.0 30,989 100.0 7,314 100.0 1.1 2.7 3.5 4.9 8.1 11.1 .2 1.3 4.1 .6 2.1 7.7 .4 1.0 2.4 1.0 1.3 2.1 .4 1.1 1.5 1.4 2.0 2.7 .6 1.4 1.4 2.0 3.4 3.5 14.3 41.0 23.5 32.0 90.5 3.8 87.7 1.7 31.8 54.7 38.1 41.7 11.6 49.1 15.7 33.4 7.9 40.5 15.8 42.9 18.0 11.1 8.2 12.7 5.1 2.6 .2 - - 9.7 .1 - 15.7 - 26.1 9.1 1.2 38.6 4.2 2.1 22.1 15.7 10.4 18.7 8.4 5.3 12.7 12.1 10.7 10.4 12.3 12.2 12.7 12.8 13.0 12.6 61,666 100.0 19,564 100.0 1,619 100.0 2,349 100.0 2,559 100.0 1,416 100.0 8,491 100.0 1,645 100.0 17,644 100.0 1,045 100.0 1.4 3.2 4.0 6.7 9.3 13.0 .4 1.6 5.3 .6 2.4 9.2 .6 1.0 3.0 1.5 .8 2.0 .5 1.3 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.2 .7 1.7 1.5 5.1 4.0 4.5 14.8 37.9 26.4 23.4 89.8 2.8 85.9 1.6 35.7 51.8 41.7 37.8 14.3 49.3 8.3 20.3 8.5 39.0 14.1 28.3 17.3 11.6 9.7 13.3 4.5 3.5 .3 - - - - 7.8 .1 - 16.2 - 23.7 7.7 1.2 58.4 5.6 3.7 21.6 15.7 11.2 24.0 8.5 11.4 12.7 11.4 10.6 10.3 12.2 12.1 12.6 14.0 13.0 12.8 47,095 100.0 43,341 100.0 1,455 100.0 2,404 100.0 2,260 100.0 1,839 100.0 7,346 100.0 3,370 100.0 13,344 100.0 6,269 100.0 .8 2.0 2.8 4.1 7.5 10.2 .1 .9 2.8 .6 1.9 6.3 .2 .9 1.8 .6 1.7 2.2 .2 .8 .8 1.3 2.4 3.5 .5 1.1 1.1 1.5 3.4 3.3 13.7 45.2 22.1 35.9 91.3 4.9 89.3 1.7 27.3 58.0 35.3 44.8 8.5 48.9 19.4 39.7 7.0 42.5 16.0 45.3 18.9 10.3 6.2 12.4 5.4 2.3 - .2 - 11.7 .1 - 15.4 - 28.8 10.7 1.2 28.9 3.5 1.3 22.7 15.6 9.5 17.8 8.4 4.3 12.7 12.2 10.8 10.5 12.3 12.2 12.8 12.6 12.9 12.6 TOTAL Total (thousands) ..................................................... 108,762 Percent ...................................................................... 100.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... .1 Men Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ...................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... .2 Women Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ...................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 ye a rs............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. 5 vears or m ore ............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... See footnote at end of table. 41 Table C-3. Labor fore® status ©f the population by years of school completed, s@h, and age, Exarch 1982—-Continued (Percent distribution) 35 to 44 years Years of school completed and sex 45 to 54 years 55 to 64 years 65 years and over Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force Not in labor force Civilian labor force 22,063 100.0 5,141 100.0 16,858 100.0 5,446 100.0 12,106 100.0 9,764 100.0 3,016 100.0 22,215 100.0 1.0 2.6 3.2 3.5 6.0 5.1 1.8 4.3 5.1 4.8 8.0 8.3 2.5 5.8 7.6 5.5 9.1 11.0 4.4 8.7 13.0 8.3 13.3 19.6 10.9 40.6 17.1 41.9 13.7 41.6 19.5 40.7 15.2 38.8 17.9 39.4 15.1 29.0 16.7 25.5 17.5 11.7 12.5 14.1 8.9 3.5 13.8 10.5 9.2 11.4 5.6 1.7 13.2 9.3 7.7 9.9 5.0 2.3 12.7 9.0 8.1 8.4 5.2 3.0 12.8 12.4 12.6 12.2 12.5 12.2 12.3 10.4 12,576 100.0 633 100.0 9,728 100.0 1,015 100.0 7,196 100.0 3,002 100.0 1,852 100.0 8,459 100.0 1.2 3.2 3.8 11.1 10.8 8.3 2.2 5.2 5.9 8.8 10.3 12.1 3.0 6.4 8.0 6.7 11.1 12.4 5.6 9.6 13.2 9.9 14.0 19.8 10.6 36.2 18.0 30.4 13.6 35.8 20.4 29.7 15.4 33.8 19.3 33.0 14.1 24.3 16.1 22.3 17.3 12.6 15.1 13.0 4.6 3.9 13.6 12.0 11.7 11.8 4.3 2.7 12.9 10.9 9.6 9.4 4.9 3.2 11.9 11.0 10.2 8.0 5.6 4.2 12.9 12.1 12.6 11.8 12.5 12.0 12.3 10.0 9,487 100.0 4,509 100.0 7,130 100.0 4,431 100.0 4,909 100.0 6,762 100.0 1,164 100.0 13,756 100.0 .7 2.0 2.5 2.4 5.3 4.6 1.2 3.0 3.9 3.8 7.4 7.5 1.8 4.9 6.9 4.9 8.3 10.4 2.6 7.2 12.7 7.3 12.9 19.4 11.2 46.6 17.0 43.5 13.8 49.5 19.3 43.3 14.8 46.1 17.3 42.3 16.7 36.5 17.1 27.5 17.7 10.4 9.1 14.2 9.5 3.4 14.1 8.5 6.0 11.3 5.9 1.5 13.7 6.9 4.9 10.1 5.0 1.9 13.9 5.7 4.7 8.7 4.8 2.3 12.7 12.5 12.6 12.3 12.5 12.2 12.3 10.7 Not in labor force TOTAL Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent...................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 vears1 .......................................... 1 to 5 years ...................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. 5 years or m ore ............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... Men Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ...................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years' .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 ye a rs............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. College : 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... Women Total (thousands) ..................................................... Percent ..................................................................... Elementary : Less than 5 years' .......................................... 1 to 5 years..................................................... 8 years............................................................. High school: 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 years............................................................. College : 1 to 3 years..................................................... 4 ye a rs............................................................. 5 years or m ore............................................... Median years of school completed ............................... 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 42 Tabl® C-4. Labor fore® status of the population by years of school! completed, sex, and race, Inarch 1982 (Percent distribution) Black White Years of school completed Total, 16 years and over (thousands).................. Percent.................................................................. Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ....................................... 5 to 7 years.................................................. 8 years.......................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years.................................................. 4 years only.................................................. College 1 to 3 years.................................................. 4 years.......................................................... 5 years or m ore............................................ Civil ian labor force Not in labor force 95,107 54,029 100.0 100.0 Civil ian labor force Black White Not in labor force Civil ian labor force 11,067 7,412 54,552 100.0 100.0 100.0 White Black Not in labor force Civil ian labor force Not in labor force 16,466 100.0 5,666 100.0 2,570 40,554 37,563 100.0 100.0 100.0 Civil ian labor force Not in labor force Civil ian labor force Not in labor force 5,401 100.0 4,843 100.0 1.0 2.4 3.4 3.9 7.5 11.5 2.0 5.5 4.0 10.7 12.4 8.9 1.3 2.9 4.0 5.2 9.0 13.7 2.8 6.6 4.1 15.2 11.2 9.8 .6 1.7 2.6 3.4 6.8 10.5 1.1 4.3 3.9 8.3 13.0 8.4 13.7 41.5 22.2 33.3 20.9 39.4 32.8 23.6 14.2 38.1 25.3 24.0 21.9 38.2 32.9 19.5 13.0 46.1 20.8 37.4 19.9 40.7 32.8 25.7 18.0 11.4 8.6 13.2 5.5 2.8 18.0 6.6 3.6 9.1 1.7 .9 17.3 12.1 10.2 13.9 5.0 3.9 16.9 5.9 3.6 8.9 1.4 1.0 18.9 10.6 6.5 12.9 5.8 2.4 19.2 7.3 3.6 9.2 1.8 .8 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. Women Men Total 43 Table C-5. Civilian labor force participation rates by years of school completed, sex, race, C-fispanic origin, and age, inarch 1982 16 to 19 years Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total 55 years and over 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years Total Total 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 55 to 64 65 years years and over 49.6 39.3 59.7 75.9 80.9 81.1 75.6 32.1 55.4 12.0 28.6 36.8 35.1 30.4 37.6 35.8 O 27.7 25.6 I2) 53.2 62.7 46.3 63.3 63.0 56.9 63.7 62.6 55.6 65.5 73.1 53.7 62.4 65.3 15.5 19.9 19.5 36.3 43.9 46.0 6.7 8.1 8.3 51.4 68.9 44.4 65.7 40.0 59.5 55.2 66.0 70.0 82.3 67.9 80.0 73.1 80.6 68.5 76.0 29.6 36.9 51.2 55.0 10.9 13.4 71.0 78.9 84.3 47.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 47.6 (2) (2) 68.1 87.2 65.0 83.4 88.7 89.2 84.2 84.9 93.9 78.9 85.3 94.5 41.2 46.1 56.9 62.4 69.8 80.9 17.0 19.1 26.6 T o ta l.................................................................. 75.9 52.6 40.8 64.4 83.8 94.4 95.2 90.6 44.1 70.6 18.0 40.2 52.4 49.4 (2) 43.7 39.8 (2) 31.3 28.4 I2) (2) 72.7 (2) 87.0 90.0 71.1 87.7 85.1 69.2 85.3 90.1 70.6 83.0 82.5 23.5 29.5 28.6 51.8 57.9 60.8 10.9 13.1 12.8 63.9 83.6 47.6 70.5 41.9 54.3 60.7 71.2 89.9 92.6 91.0 95.9 92.2 95.9 86.5 92.0 41.4 50.0 65.7 71.0 16.0 19.3 80.4 89.1 89.8 46.3 f) (2) 0 (2) (2) 46.6 (2) 0 67.7 87.5 63.0 93.8 96.9 94.3 96.4 98.2 98.7 91.7 96.4 97.7 54.5 61.3 66.3 76.7 84.2 87.9 24.6 29.9 34.9 T o ta l.................................................................. 52.1 46.7 37.7 55.1 68.6 68.0 67.8 61.7 22.8 42.1 7.8 16.6 22.7 22.7 (2) 31.1 29.8 (2) (2) 21.2 I2) (2) 50.0 (2) 41.9 34.3 40.3 40.9 42.6 38.0 43.8 53.0 33.9 39.0 45.7 8.1 12.2 12.7 20.9 30.0 32.6 2.9 4.5 5.3 40.3 57.8 41.0 61.5 38.2 63.2 48.7 61.4 48.9 72.8 48.3 66.6 58.0 69.2 53.6 64.8 20.7 28.8 38.3 44.2 7.6 10.1 62.3 67.5 75.0 48.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 48.4 (2) (2) 68.4 87.0 67.4 73.1 79.8 82.3 72.3 69.7 84.9 66.7 69.8 86.9 30.8 28.6 40.0 49.7 50.0 65.9 12.0 9.0 14.7 TOTAL T o ta l.................................................................. 63.4 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... Men Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... Women Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... See footnotes at end of table. 44 TabB® C-5. Civilian labor Uore® participafion raftes by years of school completed, s@x, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 1982-=C©ntinued 16 to 19 years Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total Total 16 to 17 18 to 19 years years 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 85.1 95.3 ft 55 years and over 45 to 54 years Total 96.0 91.4 44.7 71.6 18.2 75.4 89.2 87.4 72.3 85.6 91.2 73.2 82.2 83.7 23.5 28.3 28.8 56.1 56.5 62.3 9.7 13.0 13.0 35 to 44 years 55 to 64 65 years years and over WHITE Men T o ta l.................................................................. 76.8 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................ 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... 55.6 44.2 67.1 ft ft ft ft ft 44.2 51.6 49.5 48.6 43.6 31.8 74.9 88.1 92.1 65.0 84.0 50.9 71.9 45.1 ft 65.2 72.3 93.2 94.6 92.7 96.8 93.0 97.2 87.7 92.6 41.3 50.1 66.6 71.4 16.0 19.2 80.4 89.0 89.7 48.5 ft (2) ft ft ft 48.9 ft ft 67.8 87.2 64.0 94.4 97.4 94.7 96.6 98.2 98.8 92.0 96.4 97.8 53.8 61.5 65.8 76.8 84.2 87.9 23.8 30.3 34.2 T ota l.................................................................. 51.9 50.5 41.5 58.9 70.6 67.9 67.0 61.5 22.5 41.7 7.9 16.9 21.2 21.1 (2) 33.0 36.9 ft ft 28.1 ft ft ft 38.2 34.3 40.2 43.3 41.1 35.7 42.3 49.2 32.0 38.3 46.5 7.8 9.8 11.7 20.3 26.9 30.9 2.8 3.4 4.9 40.4 57.1 44.6 65.2 41.5 70.9 53.6 64.9 52.3 74.3 47.8 66.3 56.0 68.6 53.8 64.2 19.8 28.3 37.3 43.7 7.7 10.2 61.2 66.3 74.5 50.4 (2) (2) ft ft 50.6 ft ft 69.9 87.7 72.5 72.1 79.3 81.8 70.6 68.2 84.8 65.2 67.2 85.0 30.1 27.9 40.1 48.4 48.9 65.7 12.1 9.1 15.1 T ota l.................................................................. 68.8 37.4 22.6 52.8 77.0 88.9 89.0 82.6 36.7 58.7 14.6 29.2 56.5 47.7 (2) (2) 26.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 84.9 ft 64.0 87.2 73.5 21.5 35.2 22.9 43.3 63.4 41.8 10.4 12.9 7.9 59.4 81.2 32.6 62.2 23.8 47.4 64.9 76.1 82.7 84.0 90.1 91.0 87.5 79.5 84.3 43.4 50.2 58.4 64.3 19.5 23.5 80.7 90.5 88.5 (2) (2) (2) ft ft ft ft 67.7 ft ft 91.1 92.8 90.7 93.5 100.0 ft 89.2 ft ft 61.3 ft ft 72.9 ft ft ft ft Women Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... ft ft BLACK Men Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... ft ft ft See footnotes at end of table. 45 ft Tab!® C-5. Civilian labor force participation rates by years of school completed, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and age, March 19@2=C©nt§nu@d 16 to 19 years Years of school completed, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total 20 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 58.8 69.6 ft ft ft 35 to 44 years 55 years and over 45 to 54 years Total 72.8 62.5 24.9 45.3 7.2 ft ft ft ft 44.5 70.3 ft 39.0 45.4 8.2 20.3 22.9 22.5 36.9 46.0 3.2 9.7 9.8 6.6 5.6 Total 16 to 17 years 18 to 19 years 52.7 27.7 19.7 35.4 13.3 27.1 34.2 0 (2) 0 ft ft ft ft ft ft 40.4 63.8 24.3 39.2 21.5 ft 30.2 40.4 37.8 66.8 49.1 70.0 64.8 75.1 54.6 70:7 26.9 36.3 42.5 52.1 70.0 81.5 83.4 (2) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 59.4 ft ft 79.8 88.5 93.3 85.2 84.4 ft 81.4 ft ft 44.4 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 81.1 52.3 37.9 68.5 88.1 94.9 94.8 90.2 49.8 71.0 20.9 72.0 80.0 75.7 ft (2) (2) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 96.2 91.7 97.0 94.7 92.1 ft 77.2 89.0 ft 40.2 42.6 ft 61.6 ft ft 20.0 ft ft 71.2 89.1 46.9 68.0 38.0 ft 64.1 69.6 92.7 86.1 92.0 98.1 90.6 96.8 ft 96.7 ft 58.3 ft ft ft 90.2 90.9 85.9 (2) (2) (2) ft ft 94.8 93.1 ft 98.1 ft ft ft ft ft 81.6 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 37.2 23.8 49.0 59.1 59.2 55.0 51.8 20.2 29.8 6.4 25.6 37.6 34.1 (2) (2) (2) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 49.9 44.1 39.0 34.1 44.7 ft 32.2 46.0 ft 10.7 16.0 21.2 17.6 24.6 ft 3.9 ft ft 40.7 61.7 30.2 58.8 24.2 40.2 59.8 45.4 63.4 49.1 65.3 51.3 64.3 50.5 66.1 ft 34.1 45.5 ft ft ft 70.3 76.7 0 (2) (2) (2) ft ft ft ft 72.9 ft ft 73.7 81.4 ft 68.3 ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 55 to 64 65 years years and over BLACK-Continued Women T o ta l.................................................................. Elementary: Less than 5 years1 .................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years..................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years..................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... HISPANIC ORIGIN Men T o ta l.................................................................. Elementary: Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years..................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College : 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years..................................................... 5 years or m ore ...................................... ft ft Women T ota l.................................................................. 48.7 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... College 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 5 years or m ore...................................... ft ft ft 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 46 TafeOQ ©=®„ Lafe@p 1/®p@q status ©tf women by marital status, age, and years of school completed, Search 1982 Percent distribution by years of school completed Labor force status, marital status, and age Total (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school College 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years Median years of school completed CIVILIAN L A i© ^ FORCE Stogi© T o ta l............................................................... 11,801 100.0 1.5 1.4 19.7 37.1 22.5 17.8 12.7 to 24 years...................................................... to 34 years...................................................... to 54 years..................................................... years and over................................................ 7,550 2,890 986 375 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .8 1.4 5.2 5.5 1.0 .7 2.9 9.8 27.4 4.5 8.7 10.7 39.1 32.2 35.5 39.6 23.6 23.2 16.2 12.5 8.1 37.9 31.4 21.9 12.5 14.3 12.9 12.6 T ota l............................................................... 25,756 100.0 2.7 2.8 10.5 49.0 17.7 17.4 12.7 to 24 years...................................................... to 34 years...................................................... to 44 years...................................................... to 54 years...................................................... to 64 years...................................................... years and o ve r................................................ 2,903 8,002 6,615 4,933 2,892 410 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.3 1.6 2.2 3.9 5.3 9.3 1.8 1.3 2.4 3.6 5.6 17.2 12.6 6.9 10.3 12.7 14.5 12.3 58.0 44.0 49.3 52.1 48.8 39.8 17.8 22.6 16.8 13.7 13.5 12.3 8.6 23.6 19.1 14.0 12.3 9.2 12.6 12.9 12.7 12.6 12.5 12.3 T ota l............................................................... 9,538 100.0 4.6 4.3 15.3 45.1 18.0 12.7 12.6 16 to 24 years...................................................... 25 to 34 years...................................................... 35 to 44 years...................................................... 45 to 54 years.......................... ........................... 55 to 64 years...................................................... 65 years and o ver................................................ 607 2,452 2,233 1,849 1,745 651 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.2 1.5 3.4 4.8 9.2 10.4 2.2 1.1 2.8 4.6 8.8 10.2 23.2 10.4 14.8 17.4 15.8 20.7 56.5 49.8 41.7 45.4 42.1 35.8 13.5 22.4 20.7 14.9 14.5 14.6 2.4 14.8 16.5 12.9 9.8 8.4 12.4 12.7 12.7 12.5 12.4 12.2 T otal............................................................... 7,179 100.0 6.7 4.9 43.8 23.3 16.8 4.5 11.7 to 24 years...................................................... to 34 years...................................................... to 54 years...................................................... years and over................................................ 5,373 588 273 944 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.2 12.6 39.7 19.5 3.5 5.6 4.9 12.4 52.5 25.2 21.4 12.0 20.8 31.9 24.2 31.9 19.1 13.2 3.2 9.5 1.9 11.5 6.6 14.7 11.6 12.2 9.5 12.2 16 25 35 55 Married, husband present 16 25 35 45 55 65 © te w marital status2 MOT IN LA®@B FORCE Single 16 25 35 55 Married, 16 25 35 45 55 65 prooont T ota l............................................................... 24,525 100.0 8.5 8.1 16.6 43.9 13.0 9.8 12.4 to 24 years...................................................... to 34 years..................................................... to 44 years..................................................... to 54 years...................................................... to 64 years...................................................... years and over................................................ 1,898 4,953 3,698 3,629 5,014 5,333 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.3 3.8 5.5 8.7 9.7 15.0 4.7 2.4 4.0 6.6 9.4 17.2 25.9 13.2 14.7 17.9 16.5 17.1 51.2 47.8 45.9 46.9 45.7 32.7 11.0 18.8 15.4 11.9 10.8 9.5 3.0 13.9 14.4 7.9 7.8 8.4 12.3 12.6 12.6 12.4 12.3 12.0 | ©Star marital status2 16 25 35 45 55 65 T ota l............................................................... 11,636 100.0 21.3 17.9 20.4 26.8 8.6 5.0 10.5 to 24 years...................................................... to 34 years...................................................... to 44 years..................................................... to 54 years...................................................... to 64 years...................................................... years and o ve r................................................ 342 728 661 679 1,535 7,691 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.6 5.7 12.1 20.4 22.7 24.0 9.3 7.1 8.0 12.5 13.5 21.5 41.0 27.7 29.6 25.6 20.2 17.6 33.9 38.9 34.3 27.8 32.0 23.6 7.1 14.8 10.5 9.3 8.1 7.9 1.1 5.8 5.5 4.4 3.5 5.4 11.4 12.2 12.0 10.9 11.1 9.6 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women. 47 Table C-7. Civilian labor force participation rates of women by marital status, age, and years of school completed, March 1982 Elementary Marital status and age Total High school College Less than 8 years' 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years 62.2 26.7 31.8 42.5 72.4 68.8 86.6 58.4 83.1 78.3 28.4 35.2 35.4 32.2 10.1 29.1 (2) 0 23.8 42.3 46.9 59.6 26.0 72.5 83.2 84.1 33.0 63.4 89.6 94.8 34.3 85.9 94.2 94.5 37.2 51.2 25.0 26.7 39.8 53.9 58.8 65.1 60.5 61.8 64.1 57.6 36.6 7.1 31.0 41.0 41.2 37.7 24.0 4.5 37.0 46.2 51.8 42.5 25.5 7.1 42.7 45.8 55.5 49.1 33.7 5.2 63.4 59.8 65.8 60.2 38.1 8.6 71.1 66.0 66.1 60.9 41.7 9.1 81.7 73.2 70.3 70.6 47.6 7.7 45.0 15.1 16.4 38.0 58.0 63.3 67.5 64.0 77.1 77.2 73.1 53.2 7.8 n (2) 34.4 54.4 49.9 42.4 3.9 50.1 55.8 62.8 65.0 47.0 9.0 74.7 81.2 80.4 81.6 60.0 11.4 77.3 83.6 86.9 81.3 67.1 13.5 O 89.6 91.1 89.0 76.1 11.5 SINGLE Total ............................................................ 16 25 35 55 to 24 to 34 to 54 years years................................................ years................................................ years................................................ and over.......................................... MARRIED, HUSBAND PRESENT Total ........................................................... 16 25 35 45 55 65 to 24 years................................................ to 34 years................................................ to 44 years................................................ to 54 years................................................ to 64 years................................................ years and over.......................................... OTHER MARITAL STATUS3 Total ........................................................... 16 25 35 45 55 65 to 24 to 34 to 44 to 54 to 64 years years................................................ years................................................ years................................................ years................................................ years................................................ and over.......................................... 47.2 48.9 38.9 31.5 3.5 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 3 Includes widowed, divorced, and separated women. 48 Tab!® C-8. Employed civilians by occupation, sex, and years of school completed, iHareh 1982 Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation and sex em ployed (thou sands) years of school Total Less 5 or 5 to 7 8 4 4 com 1 to 3 1 to 3 than more years years years years years years pleted 5 years1 years Elementary High school College TOTAL Total, 16 years and over............................................................. Professional and technical workers................................................... Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales workers..................................................................................... Clerical workers.................................................................................. Craft and kindred workers ................................................................. Operatives, except transport............................................................. Transport equipment operatives....................................................... Nonfarm laborers............................................................................... Private household workers ................................................................ Service workers, except private household...................................... Farm workers...................................................................................... 98,208 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 16,929 11,472 6,483 18,066 12,170 9,587 3,374 4,157 1,075 12,524 2,370 1.0 2.6 3.3 13.0 40.8 18.6 11.7 8.9 12.7 .3 .1 .2 1.0 2.5 1.5 3.0 5.2 1.8 5.6 .1 1.0 .6 .4 3.8 6.7 4.7 6.3 10.4 4.0 6.9 .3 1.6 1.2 1.0 4.9 7.4 6.6 5.9 6.9 5.3 10.3 1.4 6.0 11.5 8.0 15.5 23.0 22.3 28.0 33.0 22.8 18.9 13.8 34.2 38.0 55.6 52.4 48.8 50.3 41.7 31.9 43.9 39.8 19.4 22.5 24.4 25.4 16.8 9.3 11.7 12.0 7.0 16.6 9.7 29.1 21.7 17.8 7.6 4.4 1.6 2.3 2.3 4.6 4.2 6.6 35.8 12.7 6.2 1.7 1.2 .6 .6 .8 1.0 1.5 2.2 16.5 14.0 13.0 12.7 12.5 12.2 12.3 12.2 11.5 12.4 12.2 1.3 3.2 3.9 13.3 37.5 17.9 12.4 10.6 12.8 .1 O .1 (2) (2) (2) .3 .2 .1 (2) O (2) (2) (2) (2) 1.4 1.0 .8 .4 1.7 .7 3.2 1.4 12.5 11.0 9.5 .7 28.5 5.7 37.4 10.2 16.7 17.0 10.6 .9 31.6 5.4 40.3 15.9 27.0 40.6 11.4 7.7 19.4 31.8 12.3 28.1 41.9 30.2 67.6 90.3 18.4 56.1 5.5 43.9 16.7 16.5 18.2 18.4 14.8 17.4 13.7 16.8 o Men Total, 16 years and o ver............................................................. 55,313 100.0 Professional and technical workers................................................... Engineers ......................................................................................... Medical and other health workers.................................................. Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners............................ Health workers, except practitioners........................................... Teachers, except college................................................................ Engineering and science technicians............................................. Other professional and technical workers..................................... 9,306 1,530 1,101 753 348 1,017 944 4,714 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Salaried workers.............................................................................. Self-employed workers in retail trade............................................. Self-employed workers, except retail tra d e ................................... 8,301 6,934 537 829 ( 2) .1 .1 .4 .1 .4 .3 .8 .3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .4 .2 2.2 1.0 1.1 .7 2.7 2.9 1.7 1.0 6.2 4.5 6.0 4.6 11.9 13.5 30.8 29.4 39.5 37.1 22.2 22.3 21.4 21.4 23.7 26.1 10.7 12.5 14.2 15.7 5.5 7.0 14.3 14.6 12.7 12.8 Sales workers..................................................................................... Retail trade ...................................................................................... Other sales workers......................................................................... 3,510 100.0 1,137 100.0 2,373 100.0 .2 .5 .1 .8 1.5 .5 .8 1.2 .6 7.9 13.8 5.1 30.8 41.6 25.6 26.4 27.4 26.0 24.2 10.8 30.6 8.9 3.2 11.6 14.1 12.8 14.8 Clerical workers.................................................................................. Bookkeepers .................................................................................... Office machine operators................................................................ Stenographers, typists, and secretaries......................................... Other clerical workers ..................................................................... 3,460 160 262 58 2,981 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .6 2.4 1.2 43.1 47.3 39.8 28.8 25.4 34.7 11.8 13.5 10.6 3.6 4.1 5.3 12.9 12.9 13.1 Craft and kindred w orkers................................................................. Carpenters........................................................................................ Other construction craftworkers..................................................... Blue-collar worker supervisors, not elsewhere classified............. Metal craft workers......................................................................... Machinists and job setters........................................................... Metal craft workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................................ Mechanics and repairers................................................................. Mechanics, automobile................................................................. Mechanics, except automobile.................................................... Other craft and kindred workers.................................................... 11,364 1,062 2,265 1,455 1,207 650 (*> 9.2 8.6 8.0 (3) (3) ( 3) (3) (3) .5 .6 2.7 9.5 43.2 28.3 11.8 3.4 12.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.0 1.9 1.5 .4 .4 .7 3.9 6.1 5.0 2.2 3.5 3.4 5.1 6.2 5.9 4.5 5.4 6.1 15.5 18.3 18.3 16.4 13.5 15.3 52.4 47.0 50.9 47.4 60.0 59.7 16.9 13.5 15.2 19.9 13.8 12.4 4.2 5.9 2.6 7.2 2.5 2.0 1.1 1.0 .6 1.9 .8 .3 12.5 12.4 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.4 558 3,296 1,224 2,072 2,079 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .2 1.0 1.3 .9 .6 3.7 4.0 5.5 3.1 2.8 4.7 5.2 5.7 4.9 3.6 11.4 14.2 16.4 13.0 13.5 60.4 53.5 55.2 52.4 54.1 15.4 17.9 14.7 19.8 18.7 3.1 3.6 .9 5.1 4.9 1.2 .6 .2 .9 1.9 12.5 12.5 12.4 12.5 12.5 Operatives, except transport................................. ........................... Mine workers ................................................................................... Durable goods manufacturing ........................................................ Nondurable goods manufacturing.................................................. Other operatives, except transport................................................. 5,667 329 2,685 1,218 1,435 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.5 1.7 2.1 3.5 2.4 6.7 3.3 7.6 6.2 6.2 6.6 10.2 6.3 7.7 5.3 20.6 20.1 18.8 20.3 24.3 49.4 48.6 50.6 50.9 46.0 12.1 12.5 12.1 9.4 14.1 1.6 3.1 1.4 1.8 1.4 .6 .4 1.0 .2 .4 12.3 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.3 Transport equipment operatives....................................................... Drivers and delivery workers.......................................................... Other transport equipment operatives............................................ 3,052 100.0 2,644 100.0 409 100.0 1.6 1.4 3.1 4.9 5.2 3.0 7.1 7.3 6.0 22.9 23.1 21.7 49.4 49.2 50.9 11.5 11.2 13.7 1.8 1.9 1.1 .7 .7 .5 12.3 12.3 12.3 Nonfarm laborers............................................................................... 3,616 100.0 3.2 6.6 6.2 28.1 40.5 12.4 2.3 .8 12.1 Private household workers ................................................................ 38 100.0 O (3) ( 3) ( 3) (3) ( 3) See footnotes at end of table. 49 .4 O ( 2) (2) 1.5 ( 3) ( 3) (3) (3) O f) (*) Table C-8. Empteyed civilians by ©eeypaftoini, @©k, and years ©f school completed!, Harelh 1S82=” C@ntSnu@d Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation and sex i oiai em ployed (thou Total sands) years of school Less 5 or 5 to 7 8 4 4 com 1 to 3 1 to 3 than more years years years years years years pleted 5 years1 years Elementary High school College Men—Ccmtinued Service workers, except private household...................................... Cleaning service.............................................................................. Food service.................................................................................... Health service.................................................................................. Personal service.............................................................................. Protective service............................................................................ 5,007 1,511 1,591 190 383 1,333 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.6 4.0 3.3 1.5 2.1 .7 4.6 8.7 3.4 2.1 4.5 1.8 4.9 8.6 4.2 .5 5.8 1.7 21.6 26.9 30.6 13.3 16.3 7.4 39.4 38.7 34.4 41.6 41.8 45.1 19.1 10.1 17.9 26.8 22.4 28.7 5.7 2.4 4.7 5.7 5.1 10.8 2.2 .7 1.5 8.4 2.0 3.8 12.4 12.0 12.2 12.8 12.5 12.9 Farm workers...................................................................................... Farmers and farm managers.......................................................... Farm laborers and supervisors....................................................... 1,990 100.0 1,203 100.0 787 100.0 6.3 2.1 12.7 7.8 5.0 12.0 11.1 12.5 9.0 19.4 11.5 31.6 36.6 44.0 25.2 9.5 12.1 5.6 7.0 9.7 2.9 2.3 3.2 1.0 12.1 12.4 10.7 42,895 100.0 .7 1.9 2.6 12.7 45.0 19.5 10.9 6.7 12.7 .2 .5 2.0 .4 (2) .5 (2) .2 .4 (2) .4 .1 1.0 .1 1.5 1.8 (2) 1.9 1.0 5.7 1.5 15.3 17.9 2.1 18.9 6.0 41.9 19.4 22.6 40.3 8.1 42.3 7.2 33.5 22.2 31.6 25.5 7.8 26.6 44.3 13.8 26.8 28.5 13.5 80.0 9.4 41.3 3.5 29.9 16.3 15.3 (2) 15.2 16.8 13.1 16.3 .8 .3 3.5 1.2 .9 3.2 6.0 5.1 11.4 43.1 43.0 43.3 23.3 24.1 19.0 16.5 17.1 12.7 9.0 9.4 6.3 13.0 13.1 12.7 .4 .6 (2) 1.7 2.4 .3 15.8 19.7 6.8 46.6 50.9 36.8 22.1 19.1 29.0 10.3 5.9 20.5 3.0 1.4 6.6 12.7 12.5 13.5 Women Total, 18 years and over............................................................. Professional and technical workers.................................................. Medical and other health workers............... .................................. Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners............................ Health workers, except practitioners........................................... Teachers, except college .......... ..... ................................................ Engineering and science technicians............................................. Other professional and technical workers..................................... 7,624 2,050 120 1,929 2,395 184 2,995 Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Salaried workers.............................................................................. Self-employed workers.............................. ..................................... 3,171 100.0 2,711 100.0 460 100.0 Sales workers..................................................................................... Retail trade ...................................................................................... Other sales workers........................................................................ 2,973 100.0 2,070 100.0 903 100.0 Clerical workers.................................................................................. Bookkeepers......................................... .......................................... Office machine operators............................................................... Stenographers, typists, and secretaries......................................... Other clerical workers ..................................................................... (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) .1 .1 .5 (2) (2) (2) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .1 (2) .2 .1 .2 .4 .2 .1 .3 .6 .7 .3 .2 .3 1.1 7.7 5.1 3.1 3.3 11.8 58.6 61.7 64.6 60.0 56.3 24.6 24.6 25.8 27.8 22.3 6.9 4.6 6.9 6.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.1 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.8 12.6 806 100.0 .6 2.1 2.9 15.4 52.9 15.8 7.5 2.7 12.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.7 1.8 3.3 2.7 6.8 4.3 8.8 6.5 8.6 7.3 10.2 6.7 26.6 26.2 27.1 25.6 47.9 53.1 45.6 43.1 5.4 5.3 3.9 9.7 1.6 1.5 .8 4.4 .5 .5 .3 1.3 12.1 12.2 12.0 12.2 Transport equipment operatives....................................................... 322 100.0 .3 2.0 2.1 16.5 59.0 12.9 6.6 .6 12.5 Nonfarm laborers............................................................................... 541 100.0 1.3 4.0 4.3 27.0 50.4 9.6 2.7 .7 12.3 Private household w orkers................................................................ 1,037 100.0 5.4 10.5 7.0 32.6 32.0 7.2 4.3 1.1 11.5 Service workers, except private household...................................... Cleaning service .......................... .................................................... Food service .......... .......................................................................... Health service................................................................................. Personal service.............................................................................. Protective service.................. ......................................................... 7,516 998 3,131 1,795 1,429 163 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.2 3.0 1.2 .7 .5 (2) 3.6 9.6 3.4 1.7 2.1 4.1 5.7 12.8 5.0 3.8 4.9 1.8 23.6 30.4 30.3 14.3 16.9 13.4 47.0 37.3 43.2 52.3 54.5 53.6 14.9 5.7 13.0 23.7 14.2 15.2 3.2 1.1 2.9 2.6 5.3 7.5 1.0 .2 1.0 .8 1.5 4.3 12.3 11.5 12.2 12.6 12.5 12.6 380 100.0 2.1 2.2 6.0 15.9 56.7 10.8 4.7 1.6 12.4 Craft and kindred w orkers................ ................................................ Operatives, except transport............................................................. Durable goods manufactuirng ........................................................ Nondurable goods manufacturing.................................................. Other operatives, except transport................................................ Farm workers..................................................................................... 14,605 1,751 822 4,785 7,247 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3,920 1,419 1,848 652 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Less than 0.05 percent. 6.6 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 50 TalbS® 0 9 . Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, March 1982 Percent distribution by years of school completed Elementary Total employed (thousands) Total Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 49,529 100.0 4.0 Professional and technical workers.................................................. Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales workers.................................................................................... Clerical workers.................................................................................. Craft and kindred workers ................................................................ Operatives, except transport............................................................. Transport equipment operatives....................................................... Nonfarm laborers............................................................................... Service workers2 ................................................................................ Farm workers..................................................................................... 8,534 7,819 3,368 2,946 10,445 4,889 2,592 2,972 4,156 1,808 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 4,506 Professional and technical workers.................................................. Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales and clerical workers................................................................ Craft and kindred workers ................................................................ Operatives, except transport............................................................. Transport equipment operatives....................................................... Nonfarm laborers............................................................................... Service workers2 ................................................................................ Farm workers..................................................................................... Occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Less than 8 years1 High school College Median years of school completed 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years 3.9 12.7 37.7 17.8 23.8 12.8 .2 1.4 1.0 1.0 4.5 8.8 5.6 8.5 6.8 11.8 .3 1.6 .8 2.6 5.1 6.7 7.4 6.7 5.0 11.7 1.4 5.8 7.7 9.0 15.3 20.6 22.0 28.0 21.4 17.7 12.4 31.0 30.6 43.1 53.2 50.2 51.6 41.8 38.9 38.9 16.6 22.0 26.7 28.3 16.8 11.6 11.0 12.0 19.1 9.9 69.1 38.2 33.2 15.9 5.1 2.1 2.4 3.0 8.8 10.0 16.7 14.3 14.1 12.9 12.5 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.4 12.2 100.0 9.6 4.0 20.4 37.6 17.7 10.7 12.4 440 332 506 721 658 415 569 717 149 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 (3) 2.4 1.2 10.4 11.3 13.1 17.2 8.6 37.4 .1 3.7 1.2 5.6 7.0 5.1 3.2 4.1 4.0 2.3 10.3 11.4 19.9 20.5 29.6 30.5 25.5 41.0 20.1 31.3 44.2 43.8 44,6 36.9 34.7 42.0 11.6 23.8 27.2 27.2 16.4 14.8 12.9 11.9 17.0 3.3 53.6 25.1 14.8 3.9 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.6 16.1 13.2 12.8 12.3 12.3 12.1 11.9 12.3 9.7 Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 3,088 100.0 23.4 8.1 16.8 29.0 14.0 8.6 12.1 Professional and technical workers.................................................. Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales and clerical workers................................................................ Craft and kindred workers ................................................................. Operatives, except transport............................................................. Transport equipment operatives....................................................... Nonfarm laborers............................................................................... Service workers2 ................................................................................ Farm workers..................................................................................... 254 218 322 622 577 201 314 438 142 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.5 9.3 5.3 19.3 34.5 19.5 29.9 29.4 66.3 2.1 2.7 4.5 8.9 10.5 10.8 14.3 7.1 7.9 1.8 10.0 15.7 16.9 19.5 19.3 24.5 20.0 15.6 14.0 28.0 39.1 37.8 27.1 39.5 25.1 26.3 6.7 22.5 26.0 28.4 14.3 7.9 9.5 6.2 12.2 1.2 56.1 24.0 7.0 2.8 .5 1.4 (3) 5.0 2.3 16.2 13.0 12.6 12.1 9.7 12.0 9.9 11.1 5.8 Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 37,375 100.0 2.1 2.4 12.0 46.0 19.5 17.9 12.7 Professional and technical workers.................................................. Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales workers.................................................................................... Clerical workers................. ................................................................ Craft workers, operatives, and nonfarm laborers............................ Private household workers ............................................................... Service workers, except private household...................................... Farm workers..................................................................................... 6,777 2,986 2,788 12,979 4,601 739 6,147 359 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .1 .9 .5 .6 7.4 10.6 3.7 3.8 .2 1.3 1.6 .7 7.4 5.4 5.2 6.2 1.5 6.0 15.5 7.7 23.8 32.3 22.8 14.2 15.1 44.0 46.6 60.2 50.0 36.8 48.3 57.9 23.0 22.7 22.2 23.4 7.5 8.3 15.5 11.5 60.1 25.1 13.6 7.5 3.8 6.7 4.4 6.5 16.3 13.0 12.7 12.7 12.2 12.0 12.4 12.4 8 years MEN White Black Hispanic origin WOPJJEW White See footnotes at end of table. 51 Tab!© C-9. (Employed civilians by occupation, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and ysars of sehool completed, Search 1982—Continued Percent distribution by years of school completed Occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total employed (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school 8 years College 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 to 3 years 4 or more years Median years of school completed WOMEN—Continued Black Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 4,472 100.0 5.8 4.0 18.7 39.5 19.7 12.3 12.5 Professional and technical workers.................................................. Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales workers..................................................................................... Clerical workers.................................................................................. Craft workers, operatives, and nonfarm laborers............................. Private household workers ................................................................ Service workers, except private household...................................... Farm workers...................................................................................... 638 133 128 1,298 792 281 1,191 10 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .7 1.7 .4 ( 3) 19.9 24.6 43.1 47.6 47.9 19.1 41.4 21.2 35.9 23.7 35.0 7.7 3.5 12.1 56.1 31.5 7.0 7.7 1.7 2.3 1.8 16.2 14.2 12.6 12.8 12.2 9.8 12.1 (4) (4) ( 4) (4) Total, 16 years and o v e r.............................................................. 2,036 100.0 Professional and technical workers.................................................. Managers and administrators, except fa rm ...................................... Sales workers..................................................................................... Clerical workers.................................................................................. Craft workers, operatives, and nonfarm laborers............................. Private household workers ................................................................ Service workers, except private household...................................... Farm workers...................................................................................... 196 103 103 677 500 82 355 21 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .3 7.6 29.6 8.7 2.7 .7 4.9 11.7 7.9 O O 1.7 6.3 23.6 8.7 30.2 33.9 28.1 0 17.0 5.0 15.7 38.2 15.3 8.8 12.3 1.5 5.9 3.6 2.6 33.5 48.3 28.2 .5 2.3 7.9 1.1 10.1 6.2 6.9 1.6 7.4 18.6 12.7 20.0 23.9 22.5 20.7 44.4 43.5 53.5 31.4 14.7 31.2 27.8 15.2 20.9 25.3 3.2 1.2 9.0 15.7 12.8 12.5 12.6 10.2 8.3 11.1 (4) (4) (4) 48.0 24.9 5.5 4.8 1.7 5.8 2.3 0 ( 3) Hispanic origin 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Includes private household workers. O O 3 Less than 0.05 percent. 4 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 52 O Tabie C-10. Employed civilians by industry, sex, and years of school completed, March 1982 Percent distribution by years of school completed Median Total years Elementary em High school College of ployed school Less 1 1 4 or (thou Total 8 4 com than 8 sands) to 3 to 3 more years years pleted years years1 years years Industry and sex MEM Total, 16 years and over................................................................................... 55,313 100.0 4.5 3.9 13.3 37.5 17.9 23.0 12.8 Agriculture ................................................................................................................. Nonagricultural industries......................................................................................... Mining...................................................................................................................... Construction ........................................................................................................... Manufacturing.......................................................................................................... 2,356 52,957 956 4,915 13,978 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 14.0 4.1 2.7 7.0 5.3 10.0 3.6 6.3 5.7 4.5 19.4 13.0 12.3 18.0 14.1 35.6 37.6 40.4 45.3 43.7 10.4 18.2 16.8 16.0 15.8 10.7 23.6 21.6 8.0 16.5 12.2 12.8 12.7 12.4 12.6 Durable goods...................................................................................................... Ordance ............................................................................................................. Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures......................................................................................... Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products...................................................... Primary metal industries.................................................................................... Fabricated metal products................................................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................................................................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................ Transportation equipment................................................................................. Instruments and related products..................................................................... Other durable goods.......................................................................................... 9,150 169 557 295 425 873 1,147 2,083 1,375 1,610 355 262 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.4 2.5 15.1 17.5 6.1 6.4 7.3 3.3 3.1 3.3 1.3 7.4 4.5 2.1 8.1 8.8 5.0 5.5 5.6 3.9 2.5 3.5 3.0 8.1 13.4 2.3 22.0 16.3 16.7 19.3 19.3 10.5 7.6 12.6 6.3 15.9 43.6 29.9 41.2 37.4 51.0 44.9 45.6 47.4 39.6 43.6 37.7 37.2 17.1 25.4 8.7 14.4 9.9 13.4 12.9 19.3 22.5 18.0 22.2 17.3 16.0 37.8 5.0 5.7 11.3 10.4 9.2 15.6 24.8 19.1 29.5 14.1 12.6 14.9 12.1 12.2 12.4 12.4 12.4 12.7 12.9 12.7 13.2 12.5 Nondurable goods ............................................................................................... Food and kindred products .............................................................................. Tobacco manufactures...................................................................................... Textile mill products........................................................................................... Apparel and other finished textile products .................................................... Paper and allied products................................................................................. Printing, publishing, and allied industries......................................................... Chemicals and allied products......................................................................... Petroleum and coal products ........................................................................... Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products................................................... Leather and leather products........................................................................... 4,828 1,182 46 316 254 478 1,004 864 177 397 111 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.0 7.5 ft 4.6 6.4 44.0 45.0 13.4 10.6 17.5 11.0 12.6 12.4 11.3 11.9 2.3 1.2 2.8 .6 6.4 9.9 ft 15.5 19.4 5.9 6.0 4.2 1.2 2.8 4.0 9.3 5.1 21.8 18.8 16.3 14.7 9.7 9.7 12.7 18.1 39.8 35.5 53.7 43.4 40.8 47.9 46.0 44.5 10.4 8.9 9.7 19.3 16.4 13.3 10.4 10.2 10.9 18.9 13.8 20.2 27.5 24.5 15.2 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.8 12.9 12.7 12.5 12.4 Transportation, communications, and other public utilities.................................. Transportation ...................................................................................................... Communications................................................................................................... Utilities and sanitary services.............................................................................. 4,606 2,686 865 1,055 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.7 4.0 1.6 4.5 3.9 5.0 .4 3.7 13.3 16.7 4.2 12.3 45.8 46.5 42.7 46.5 20.3 17.8 29.3 19.3 13.0 9.9 21.7 13.7 12.6 12.5 13.1 12.6 Wholesale and retail tra d e ..................................................................................... Wholesale tra d e ................................................................................................ Retail trade ........................................................................................................ 10,787 100.0 3,123 100.0 7,664 100.0 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.2 3.3 3.2 17.6 10.4 20.5 39.5 38.3 40.0 20.8 21.6 20.4 15.6 23.7 12.3 12.7 12.9 12.6 Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................................... Banking and other finance .................................................................................. Insurance and real estate.................................................................................... 2,625 100.0 1,006 100.0 1,619 100.0 1.5 .4 2.2 1.7 .1 2.7 5.4 2.8 7.1 22.6 21.5 23.3 24.6 25.8 23.9 44.1 49.5 40.7 15.0 15.9 14.6 ft ft ft ft ft Services .................................................................................................................. Private household ................................................................................................ Miscellaneous services........................................................................................ Business and repair services ........................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................................. Entertainment and recreational services ......................................................... Professional services......................................................................................... Medical, except hospital................................................................................. Hospitals.......................................................................................................... Welfare and religious services ...................................................................... Educational services....................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................................... Forestry and fisheries........................................................................................ 11,794 135 11,659 3,001 893 595 7,029 838 1,053 581 2,874 1,683 141 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.6 18.6 3.4 4.8 7.0 6.3 2.1 1.9 2.4 2.9 2.7 .6 9.7 2.6 9.2 2.5 3.2 4.9 2.4 1.9 2.5 1.5 3.7 2.2 .7 3.8 9.2 37.3 8.8 13.4 16.9 13.2 5.3 7.0 5.8 7.7 5.5 3.0 18.5 24.8 22.5 24.8 40.3 35.7 33.8 16.1 14.2 30.6 17.0 13.7 11.9 21.0 15.6 3.9 15.8 18.4 21.1 23.7 13.3 6.9 21.2 9.9 11.8 15.0 16.2 44.2 8.6 44.6 19.8 14.4 20.7 61.3 67.4 38.5 58.9 64.1 68.8 30.8 14.7 10.9 14.7 12.7 12.6 12.8 16.7 18.1 14.4 16.5 16.8 16.8 12.9 Public administration .............................................................................................. Postal.................................................................................................................... Other Federal....................................................................................................... State ..................................................................................................................... Local..................................................................................................................... 3,295 524 951 551 1,269 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.4 .3 2.0 .3 1.8 1.6 1.4 .8 1.5 2.3 5.5 5.5 3.5 4.2 7.7 38.7 55.1 32.9 33.1 38.7 24.5 28.5 19.2 22.8 27.5 28.3 9.1 41.6 38.0 21.9 13.4 12.8 14.5 14.4 13.0 See footnotes at end of table. 53 Table G-10. Employed civilians by industry, sex, and years of school completed, March 1982—Continued Percent distribution by years of school completed Median Total years em Elementary High school College of ployed school (thou Total 1 Less 1 4 or 8 4 com sands) than 8 to 3 more to 3 years years pleted years1 years years years Industry and sex Women Total, 16 years and over................................................................................... 42,895 100.0 2.6 2.6 12.7 45.0 19.5 17.6 12.7 Agriculture ................................................................................................................. Nonagricultural industries.......................................................................................... Mining...................................................................................................................... Construction ............................................................................................................ Manufacturing.......................................................................................................... 544 42,350 161 457 6,584 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.2 2.6 (3) 1.3 5.3 4.9 2.6 (3) .7 5.0 13.9 12.7 1.4 7.8 17.7 55.1 44.9 45.3 59.3 51.5 13.7 19.6 33.5 19.9 12.9 ' 9.1 17.7 19.8 11.0 7.5 12.5 12.7 (3) 12.7 12.4 Durable goods...................................................................................................... Ordance .............................................................................................................. Lumber and wood products, except furniture .................................................. Furniture and fixtures......................................................................................... Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products...................................................... Primary metal industries.................................................................................... Fabricated metal products................................................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................................................................. Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies................................................ Transportation equipment................................................................................. Instruments and related products..................................................................... Other durable goods.......................................................................................... 3,188 62 96 134 126 124 343 602 941 311 244 205 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3.5 (2) 8.1 12.9 3.2 2.3 3.4 1.0 4.0 .9 3.2 6.1 3.7 (2) 11.0 3.0 6.4 1.3 4.3 2.5 3.4 3.0 4.0 6.4 16.7 (2) 25.5 19.5 7.7 23.3 17.6 11.9 17.5 15.9 17.1 22.5 54.5 (2) 35.4 50.6 60.3 51.7 58.0 58.4 56.3 53.3 50.4 48.1 14.5 (2) 14.4 9.8 17.7 13.4 11.0 15.9 13.2 18.1 17.2 11.8 7.1 (2) 5.6 4.2 4.7 8.0 5.6 10.3 5.4 8.7 8.1 5.1 12.5 (2) (3) 12.3 12.5 12.4 12.4 12.6 12.4 12.6 12.5 12.3 Nondurable goods ............................................................................................... Food and kindred products .............................................................................. Tobacco manufactures...................................................................................... Textile mill products........................................................................................... Apparel and other finished textile products .................................................... Paper and allied products................................................................................. Printing, publishing, and allied industries......................................................... Chemicals and allied products......................................................................... Petroleum and coal products........................................................................... Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products................................................... Leather and leather products........................................................................... 3,395 478 27 381 919 187 643 286 53 266 155 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7.1 5.9 (2) 9.8 13.5 2.7 .9 1.0 (2) 8.2 9.3 6.3 6.5 (2) 10.7 10.0 5.2 1.8 2.2 (2) 3.1 8.3 18.6 19.9 (2) 32.1 24.0 8.7 7.3 8.1 (2) 18.5 31.2 48.7 47.9 (2) 40.4 45.9 65.1 52.7 46.5 (2) 56.6 45.2 11.5 15.1 (2) 5.3 4.6 10.6 18.7 24.9 ft 9.2 5.4 7.8 4.7 (2) 1.6 2.0 7.7 18.6 17.3 (2) 4.5 .6 12.4 12.4 (2) 11.8 12.1 12.5 12.8 12.8 (2) 12.4 12.0 Transportation, communications, and other public utilities.................................. Transportation...................................................................................................... Communications................................................................................................... Utilities and sanitary services.............................................................................. 1,766 796 710 260 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .6 1.1 .3 (3) .6 .8 .3 .8 6.7 10.4 3.6 3.9 54.6 50.3 57.5 59.7 24.8 23.7 24.8 28.4 12.7 13.7 13.5 7.3 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8 Wholesale and retail tra d e ..................................................................................... Wholesale tra d e ................................................................................................ Retail trade ........................................................................................................ 9,553 100.0 1,142 100.0 8,411 100.0 1.8 1.4 1.8 2.7 1.5 2.9 19.9 8.2 21.5 50.7 52.3 50.4 17.4 22.5 16.8 7.5 14.1 6.6 12.5 12.7 12.5 Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................................... Banking and other finance.................................................................................. Insurance and real estate.................................................................................... 3,495 100.0 1,689 100.0 1,806 100.0 .5 .2 .8 .4 .2 .6 4.4 3.6 5.1 54.5 57.8 51.3 25.3 23.5 26.9 15.0 14.7 15.2 12.8 12.8 12.8 Services.................................................................................................................. Private household................................................................................................ Miscellaneous services........................................................................................ Business and repair services ........................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................................. Entertainment and recreational services ......................................................... Professional services........................................................................................ Medical, except hospital................................................................................. Hospitals.......................................................................................................... Welfare and religious services ...................................................................... Educational services....................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................................... Forestry and fisheries........................................................................................ 18,421 1,126 17,295 1,521 1,724 388 13,639 2,651 3,279 958 5,350 1,401 22 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2.8 15.4 1.9 2.8 5.1 1.9 1.4 2.4 1.4 2.3 1.0 .6 (2) 2.5 6.8 2.2 2.1 5.4 1.9 1.8 2.6 2.1 3.4 1.4 .3 (2) 10.0 31.8 8.6 9.8 17.6 18.9 7.0 10.4 7.3 9.2 5.4 4.6 (2) 35.9 32.2 36.1 45.7 52.7 36.8 32.9 42.2 37.0 40.2 23.2 37.6 (2) 21.0 8.1 21.9 20.0 13.1 24.4 23.1 26.7 31.2 18.6 16.6 25.8 (2) 27.8 5.7 29.3 19.5 6.1 16.2 33.7 15.7 20.9 26.3 52.4 31.2 (2) 13.0 11.6 13.2 12.8 12.4 12.7 13.9 12.8 13.3 12.9 16.1 13.7 O Public administration.............................................................................................. Postal.................................................................................................................... Other Federal....................................................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................................................................... L ocal..................................................................................................................... 1,914 177 693 399 645 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1.0 1.2 .6 1.2 1.4 1.0 (3) .7 .2 2.0 7.4 7.2 5.2 5.4 11.2 50.8 58.5 47.9 50.6 52.0 23.1 21.5 28.1 17.8 21.4 16.7 11.7 17.6 24.8 12.1 12.8 12.7 12.9 12.9 12.7 ' Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 3 Less than 0.05 percent. 54 Table C=H1. UoT)©imipS©vinni©nfi rates by years o f seh@®l eompSeted, sen, aod age, March 19$2 Years of school completed and sex Total 16 to 17 18 to 19 20 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64 65 years years years years years years years and over years TOTAL Total ...................................................................... 9.7 25.2 21.7 15.1 9.8 6.9 5.9 5.5 3.6 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ...................................... 5 to 7 ye a rs................................................ 8 years......................................................... 16.9 13.6 13.7 ft ft 35.4 ft 39.7 ft 20.3 26.5 16.8 21.2 18.1 15.4 14.1 14.0 19.2 10.3 11.6 17.7 11.5 6.1 6.7 5.3 8.5 High school: 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... 18.0 10.3 24.7 25.9 27.6 19.3 32.2 15.5 18.9 12.0 12.1 7.8 9.0 5.4 6.8 5.4 4.3 1.3 6.9 3.2 O ft 10.0 ft 9.4 5.6 8.1 3.9 4.8 2.3 4.5 2.4 3.3 2.5 2.1 3.0 Total ..................................................................... 10.3 28.8 23.5 17.4 10.6 7.0 5.8 5.8 4.2 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ...................................... 5 to 7 ye a rs................................................ 8 years......................................................... 16.7 12.5 13.7 ft ft ft 36.4 ft ft 38.4 17.7 24.9 14.7 18.2 19.9 14.7 14.2 12.7 19.8 8.4 11.4 18.3 12.4 5.6 8.6 4.6 9.5 High school: 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................. 4 years......................................................... 19.4 11.3 28.4 ft 28.7 20.2 34.4 17.5 19.6 13.1 12.7 8.4 8.7 5.1 8.0 5.8 4.2 1.2 7.5 3.2 ft ft 13.3 ft 10.3 7.0 9.2 4.0 5.3 2.0 4.8 2.5 3.1 2.2 2.7 3.6 Total ..................................................................... 8.9 21.3 19.8 12.4 8.8 6.8 6.1 5.1 2.8 Elementary : Less than 5 years1...................................... 5 to 7 ye a rs................................................ 8 years......................................................... 17.4 15.9 13.7 (2) (2) (2) ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 27.3 14.8 ft 13.9 16.6 17.9 15.1 11.9 16.1 9.6 6.9 ft 6.8 6.7 High school: 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... 16.0 9.2 20.7 ft 26.1 18.5 27.9 13.2 17.8 10.6 11.3 7.3 9.4 5.6 4.9 4.9 4.5 1.3 6.1 3.3 ft ft ft 7.5 8.6 4.5 6.7 3.7 4.2 3.0 4.2 2.2 3.7 3.0 1.3 .8 ft College 1 to 3 years ................................................ 4 years......................................................... Men College : 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... Women College 1 to 3 ye a rs................................................ 4 years......................................................... 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 2 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. 55 Table C-12. Unemployed persons by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and age, Exarch 1982 Years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Total 16 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 years and over Percent distribution by years of school completed WHITE Total (thousands) .............................................. Percent............................................................... 8,203 100.0 3,210 100.0 2,300 100.0 1,214 100.0 830 100.0 649 100.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 1.7 3.7 5.2 .6 1.2 3.8 1.2 3.3 2.7 2.2 5.3 7.3 4.6 7.5 9.1 4.6 9.2 12.2 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 27.0 43.6 41.9 41.4 15.1 49.5 18.8 45.0 20.1 39.9 19.6 36.1 18.8 11.1 28.2 21.5 18.9 18.3 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Unemployment rates Total ................................................................... 8.6 15.5 8.6 6.3 5.6 4.8 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 15.2 13.3 13.1 24.9 18.5 29.4 16.2 20.3 17.8 14.3 14.2 15.0 17.7 11.6 10.3 10.6 8.6 6.7 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 17.0 9.1 25.0 14.4 17.9 10.5 12.3 6.9 8.9 5.2 6.4 4.5 4.3 6.5 5.0 3.2 3.1 2.8 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Percent distribution by years of school completed BLACK Total (thousands) .............................................. Percent............................................................... 2,090 100.0 916 100.0 666 100.0 260 100.0 137 100.0 110 100.0 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 2.5 4.2 3.9 (2) 2.1 3.2 .6 2.0 2.0 3.0 5.7 2.9 11.9 7.5 15.6 22.0 27.6 8.5 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 26.7 43.2 36.9 41.6 15.9 49.7 23.3 51.1 27.7 24.3 14.6 22.3 19.5 16.3 29.8 14.0 13.0 5.0 College 1 year or m ore........................................ Unemployment rates Total ................................................................... 18.9 36.2 19.4 11.4 8.5 9.1 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years................................. ................... 23.4 14.5 18.3 (3) f) (3) (3) f) (3) (3) 13.1 7.2 O 6.4 19.5 20.2 12.7 8.3 High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 24.1 20.7 48.3 33.1 23.5 22.1 12.0 14.3 9.4 6.7 6.2 8.7 13.1 25.4 14.5 6.1 4.7 2.9 College 1 year or m ore........................................ See footnotes at end of table. 56 Tabs® C-12. Unemployed persons by years of school completed, race, Hispanic origin, and age, Search 1082--C©ntiiniued Years of school completed, race, and Hispanic origin Total 16 to 24 years 25 to 34 years 35 to 44 years 45 to 54 years 55 years and over Percent distribution by years of school completed HISPANIC ORIGIN Total (thousands) .............................................. Percent............................................................... 792 100.0 326 100.0 227 100.0 123 100.0 80 100.0 36 O Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 10.3 14.7 8.1 5.4 5.6 6.5 9.7 15.9 8.4 15.1 26.8 8.4 17.4 21.7 13.6 O O High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 29.5 27.3 43.9 33.3 19.5 28.9 21.6 17.9 15.9 20.5 (*) (*) 1 year or m ore........................................ 10.1 5.4 17.6 10.3 11.0 0 T o ta l................................................................... 13.4 20.8 11.5 10.6 10.5 8.1 Elementary : Less than 5 years1 ................................. 5 to 7 years............................................. 8 years.................................................... 16.2 15.3 15.4 (3) 14.2 24.2 16.1 16.4 17.1 17.7 16.0 11.6 14.2 13.5 0 9.5 15.2 (3) High school: 1 to 3 years............................................. 4 years.................................................... 21.8 11.4 28.5 20.3 16.3 9.2 17.4 6.5 13.1 8.0 0 3.9 6.3 7.0 7.7 4.7 5.3 0 College Unemployment rates College 1 year or m ore........................................ NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the “ other races” group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Includes persons reporting no school years completed. Less than 0.05 percent. 3 Data not shown where base is less than 75,000. O 57 Table 0 1 3 . Unemployed persons by duration, s @k , rae®, Hispanic origin, and years ©ti s©Sn@©8 eompieted, Search 1982 Percent distribution by years of school completed Duration of unemployment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total unemployed (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school College 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 or more years Median years of school completed T O TA L Total, 16 years and o ver................................. 10,554 100.0 5.8 4.9 26.6 43.6 19.2 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 3,492 3,523 1,986 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.0 5.8 5.1 4.8 41.3 44.0 46.4 17.2 20.6 18.9 12.2 12.3 12.3 100.0 5.2 4.2 30.4 24.8 24.2 1,552 5.3 6.0 25.2 44.1 20.6 12.3 Total, 16 years and o ve r................................. 6,354 100.0 6.3 5.3 27.9 41.4 19.1 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 1,822 2,170 1,341 1,019 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.9 6.0 5.8 6.3 6.2 5.3 4.8 4.5 33.2 25.9 25.2 25.9 36.2 42.5 44.8 43.8 17.5 20.3 19.4 19.4 12.1 12.3 12.3 12.3 Total, 16 years and over................................. 4,200 100.0 5.1 4.2 24.6 46.9 19.2 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore................................................... 27 weeks or m ore................................................... 1,670 1,353 644 533 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.0 5.4 4.3 5.3 4.0 4.0 5.9 3.5 27.2 23.1 21.9 23.8 46.8 46.4 49.9 44.6 17.0 21.0 18.0 22.8 12.3 12.4 12.4 12.4 Total, 16 years and o ver................................. 8,203 100.0 5.4 5.2 27.0 43.6 18.8 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore................................................... 2,739 2.800 1,573 1,091 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.4 5.4 5.6 5.0 5.5 5.2 5.1 4.7 31.0 25.4 23.7 25.6 40.5 44.2 47.7 44.0 17.5 19.8 17.9 20.6 12.2 12.3 12.3 12.3 Total, 16 years and over.................................. 5,023 100.0 5.7 5.6 28.4 41.5 18.8 12.2 1 to 4 weeks.................................................. ........ 1,461 1,737 1,071 754 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6.1 5.4 5.7 5.3 6.5 5.9 4.8 4.5 34.0 26.6 24.8 26.8 35.4 42.8 46.3 43.2 17.9 19.3 18.4 20.2 12.1 12.3 12.3 12.3 Total, 16 years and over................................. 3,180 100.0 5.0 4.5 24.7 47.1 18.7 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 1,278 1,063 502 337 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4.7 5.4 5.3 4.6 4.3 4.1 5.8 5.1 27.6 23.5 21.2 23.0 46.4 46.4 50.9 45.9 17.1 20.6 16.8 21.4 12.3 12.4 12.3 12.4 5 to 14 weeks .......... .............................................. 15 weeks or m o re .............. ........................................... 27 weeks or m ore............. .............. .......... ......... . iVton 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore................................................... 27 weeks or m ore................................................... Women W H ITE Kl©n 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore................................................... 27 weeks or m ore................................................... W©m®n 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 27 weeks or m ore.................................................. Sse footnotes at end of table. 58 Table C-13. Unemployed persons by duration, sex, race, Hispanic origin, and years of school completed, Inarch 1©®2—Confinyed Percent distribution by years of school completed Duration of unemployment, sex, race, and Hispanic origin Total unemployed (thousands) Elementary Total Less than 8 years1 High school College 8 years 1 to 3 years 4 years 1 or more years Median years of school completed BLACK Total, 16 years and over................................. 2,090 100.0 6.7 3.9 26.7 43.2 19.5 12.3 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 657 636 797 100.0 100.0 100.0 8.1 6.5 5.7 4.1 3.0 4.4 29.0 24.4 26.7 44.3 43.3 42.2 14.5 22.8 21.0 12.2 12.4 12.3 Total, 16 years and o ver................................. 1,160 100.0 8.8 4.3 27.5 40.7 18.8 12.2 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 300 377 483 100.0 100.0 100.0 10.8 8.8 7.5 5.3 2.5 5.0 31.0 25.8 26.7 40.2 40.5 41.2 12.8 22.4 19.7 12.1 12.3 12.3 Total, 16 years and o ver................................. 929 100.0 4.1 3.4 25.7 46.4 20.4 12.4 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 357 258 314 100.0 100.0 100.0 5.9 3.1 2.9 3.1 3.7 3.4 27.3 22.4 26.8 47.8 47.4 43.8 16.0 23.4 23.1 12.3 12.4 12.4 Total, 16 years and o ve r................................. 792 100.0 25.0 8.1 29.5 27.3 10.1 10.8 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 307 264 221 100.0 100.0 100.0 25.0 24.0 26.2 8.8 8.4 6.8 33.1 32.8 20.5 24.3 25.5 33.6 8.9 9.2 12.8 10.6 10.6 11.5 Total, 16 years and o ve r................................. 474 100.0 24.7 7.8 30.1 26.9 10.5 10.7 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 170 160 144 100.0 100.0 100.0 27.7 21.5 24.6 8.5 7.8 6.8 33.7 35.9 19.5 21.3 26.8 33.8 8.8 7.9 15.3 10.4 10.5 11.9 Men Women HISPANIC ORIGIN Men Women Total, 16 years and o ve r................................. 318 100.0 25.5 8.6 28.5 27.8 9.6 10.8 1 to 4 weeks........................................................... 5 to 14 weeks ........................................................ 15 weeks or m ore.................................................. 137 104 77 100.0 100.0 100.0 21.7 27.9 29.2 9.1 9.3 6.8 32.3 28.0 22.5 28.0 23.6 33.3 9.0 11.3 8.2 10.9 10.6 10.9 1 Includes persons reporting no school years completed. 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