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3;
Earning® and O tto Characteristics f e s
of Organized Workers, May 1980
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
September 1981
/ Iflri:■,,
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Bulletin 2105
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‘ O n
J.
(Wor/t
sOrr/e
0 / Co.
Earnings and Other Characteristics
of Organized Workers, May 1980
U.S. Department of Labor
Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
September 1981
Bulletin 2105
F or sa le by th e S u p erin ten d en t of D ocum ents, U .S. G overnm ent P r in tin g Office
W ashington, D.C. 20402 - P rice $4.25
.
.
Prsfaee
Estimates of labor organization membership and of
workers represented by unions and associations present
ed in this publication are based on information collected
by the Bureau of the Census in the May 1980 Current
Population Survey and tabulated by the Bureau of La
bor Statistics. For purposes of this survey, a labor or
ganization may be either a union or an employee asso
ciation that engages in collective bargaining.
This bulletin cross-tabulates data on employed wage
and salary workers who are members of labor organi
zations and those who are not members but are repre
sented by labor organizations, by occupation, industry,
region, weekly earnings, sex, race, and age.
All estimates in this bulletin are comparable with
those published in Earnings and Other Characteristics of
Organized Workers, May 1977 (BLS Report 556, 1979).
The membership estimates in this report are not com
parable with those published in the Bureau’s biennial
Directory of National Unions and Employee Associations.
The appendix briefly discusses the differences between
these studies.
This study was prepared by Larry T. Adams, an
economist in the Division of Developments in LaborManagement Relations, under the direction of Alvin
Bauman, Chief.
Material in this publication is in the public domain
and may, with appropriate credit, be reproduced with
out permission.
iii
Contents
Page
Summary............................................................................................................................................................. 1
Occupational characteristics...............................................................................................................................2
Industry characteristics.......................................................................................................................................3
E arnings..............................................................................................................................................................3
Black workers...................................................................................................................................................... 3
Age ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3
Changes from May 1977 to May 1980 ................................................................................................................4
Text tables:
1. Distribution of employed wage and salary workers by labor organization affiliation and
industry, May 1980 ...........................................................................................
1
2. Labor organization status of employed wage and salary workers by sex and race, May 1980 ..........2
Reference tables:
Employed wage and salary workers, May 1980:
1. Represented by labor organizations by occupation, sex, and r a c e ....................................................5
2. In labor organizations by occupation, sex, and race...........................................................................8
3. Nonmembers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and ra c e .......................................... 11
4. Represented by labor organizations by industry, sex, and race........................................................14
5. In labor organizations by industry, sex, and ra c e ..............................................................................18
6. Nonmembers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race .............................................. 22
7. Represented by labor organizations by occupation and industry.....................................................26
8. Private and government workers represented by labor organizations by industry......................... 28
9. Labor organization representation of private and government workers by occupation and race .. 29
10. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time workers by occupation and labor organization
representation................................................................................................................................. 30
11. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time workers by industry and labor organization
representation................................................................................................................................. 31
12. Age distribution by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race..........................33
13. Age distribution by occupation, labor organization membership, sex, and race..............................38
14. Age distribution by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and r a c e .............................43
15. Age distribution by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and ra c e .................................54
16. Black workers as a percent of workers by occupation and labor organization representation.........65
17. Black workers as a percent of workers by industry and labor organization representation............ 66
18. Hispanic workers as a percent of workers by occupation and labor organization representation .. 67
19. Hispanic workers as a percent of workers by industry and labor organization representation . . . . 68
Chart:
1. Percent of employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations, May 1980........2
Appendix: Survey methods and limitations of d a t a ....................................................................................... 69
v
Earnings and] ©tlhi®r
©haraeteristies ©f ©r§anii®til
W®rk®rs? May 193©
Summary
Extending into every industrial sector and occupa
tional group in the Nation, labor organizations repre
sented 25.7 percent of the 87.5 million employed pri
vate and government wage and salary workers in May
1980 (chart 1 and text table 1). A slightly lower pro
portion (23.0 percent of the workers) were actual mem
bers of labor organizations. About seven-tenths of the
20.1 million members of labor organizations were em
ployed in private enterprises; the remainder worked for
Federal, State, and local governments.
In 1980, 42.5. percent of the civilian labor force were
women. Nevertheless, they accounted for only 30.1 per
cent of the employed wage and salary workers in labor
organizations in May 1980. In contrast, blacks and oth
er minority races1 made up 1.7 percent of the civilian
noninstitutional labor force, but constituted 14.9 per
cent of labor organization members in May 1980. Pro
portionately more black men (33.8 percent) belonged
to labor organizations than white men (27.8 percent),
but the differences were even greater among women:
24.0 percent for black women and 14.6 percent for white
women (text table 2).
Better than half (52.3 percent) of the 22.5 million
workers represented by labor organizations were bluecollar workers, 37.7 percent were white-collar work
ers, and 9.9 percent were service workers. Among the
20.1 million labor organization members, 55.2 percent
were blue collar, 34.9 percent were white collar, and
9.7 percent were service workers. For the 2.4 million
workers not members of a labor organization but cov
ered by labor agreements, the pattern was different:
Only 27.6 percent were blue-collar workers compared
to 61.1 percent who were white-collar workers and 11.1
percent who were service workers.
Two of the ten industry groups, manufacturing and
service, accounted for more than one-half (32.5 percent
and 25.4 percent, respectively) of the workers repre
sented by labor organizations. These two industry1
1 Workers of black and other minority races are referred to as “black
workers” in this bulletin. Black persons constituted 85 percent of
black and other minority races in the 1980 census.
1
groups accounted for 57.3 percent of workers belong
ing to labor organizations and 63.2 percent of repre
sented nonmembers. While the service industry ac
counted for slightly more than one-quarter of the re
presented workers, it employed 41 percent of the non
members covered by a contract.
Of the approximately 4.7 million Hispanic (all races)
wage and salary workers in May 1980, 29 percent were
represented by a labor organization, compared with 32.1
percent for blacks and 24.9 percent for whites. The
greatest number of Hispanics were in blue-collar occu
pations in manufacturing industries. Second in impor
tance were the service industries. However, agriculture
had the largest proportion of Hispanic workers.
Workers represented by labor organizations earned
more than those who were not. Their usual weekly
earnings exceeded those of workers not represented by
$42 ($320 compared to $278). Organized workers in the
construction industry had the highest earnings, $405.
Workers in construction who were not represented
earned $121 less. While many factors are involved in
worker compensation, collective bargaining through laText tab!© 1. Distribution of employed wage and salary
workers by labor organization affiliation and industry, May
1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Employed wage and salary workers
Membership status
Total
Nonagricultural
industries
Agricultural
industries
T o ta l..............................
87,480
86,025
1,455
Members of labor
organizations....................
20,095
20,044
51
Nonmembers
represented by labor
organizations....................
2,398
2,394
4
Nonmembers
not represented...............
64,986
63,586
1,400
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal to
tals.
ceeded these levels, however; about 63 percent of met
al craft workers and machinists were represented, for
example. Nearly 86 percent of motor vehicle and equip
ment operatives were represented by labor organiza
tions, by far the strongest representation among all bluecollar occupations. Among blue-collar nonfarm labor
ers, a higher proportion (65 percent) of those employed
in transportation, communication, and public utilities
had labor union representation than in any other indus
trial sector (table 7).
Although black workers and white workers in the
blue-collar occupations were represented at approxi
mately the same rate (about 42 percent), there were
significantly different representation rates for these
groups of workers in the white-collar and service oc
cupations. While 30 percent of the black workers em
ployed in white-collar occupations were represented by
labor organizations, only 17 percent of white workers
similarly employed were covered by a collective bar
gaining agreement. Though the difference was smaller,
this relationship was the same in the service occupa
tions, with a representation rate of 22 percent for black
workers, compared to 17 percent for white workers.
Generally, for both sexes, the representation rate for
black workers exceeded that for white workers in each
major occupational group.
Of the 2.4 million workers covered by labor contracts
who were not members of a union or employee asso
ciation in May 1980, almost 1.5 million (5 out of 8) were
white-collar workers. Although this ratio may seem
Chari 1. P@re®rst of employed wag© and
salary workers represented by labor
organizations, IVlay 1980
Percent
B oth sexes
Men
W om en
bor organizations is at least partially responsible for the
wage difference.
White-collar workers had the smallest earnings gap
(7 percent) between those represented and those not
represented by a labor organization. The differentials
for the other two occupational groups were much
larger-26 percent for blue-collar workers and 47 per
cent for service workers.
Text table 2. Labor organization status of employed wage
and salary workers by sex and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Black
Membership status
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
OsoupationaS characteristics
TOTAL
Historically, labor organization has been most high
ly concentrated among blue-collar workers. In May
1980, 11.8 million workers represented by labor organ
izations were in this occupational group, nearly 11 mil
lion of them employed in the private sector (table 9).
Slightly more than 41 percent of all blue-collar work
ers were represented by labor organizations. The pro
portions were much lower for white-collar and service
workers-only about 18 percent each were represented
by labor organizations (table 1).
Among the major groups of blue-collar occupations,
transport equipment operatives were the most highly
organized with a 47-percent representation rate-fol
lowed by operatives (except transport) and craft and
kindred workers (both with rates of approximately 42
percent), and nonfarm laborers (35 percent).
Many individual occupations within these groups ex
Represented..............
Members .................
Nonmembers
covered by
contracts...............
22,493
20,095
100.0
89.3
19,176
17,099
100.0
89.2
3,317
2,996
100.0
90.3
2,398
10.7
2,077
10.8
321
9.7
15,302
14,039
100.0
91.7
13,375
12,261
100.0
91.7
1,927
1,778
100.0
92.3
1,263
8.3
1,114
8.3
149
7.7
7,191
6,056
100.0
84.2
5,801
4,838
100.0
83.4
1,390
1,218
100.0
87.6
1,136
15.8
963
16.6
173
12.4
MEN
Represented..............
Members .................
Nonmembers
covered by
contracts...............
WOMEN
Represented..............
Members .................
Nonmembers
covered by
contracts...............
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal to
tals.
2
large, these employees constituted only 3 percent of all
white-collar workers. Among blue-collar and service
workers, the comparable figure was 2 percent.
Industry characteristics
Industries which traditionally employ large numbers
of blue-collar workers generally had a higher concen
tration of workers covered by collective bargaining
contracts (tables 4, 7, and 8). Thus, over one-third of
all employed wage and salary workers in construction
and manufacturing, and. over one-half in transportation
and public utilities were represented by labor organi
zations. The railroad industry and the postal service,
with 83 percent of the workers covered by collective
bargaining agreements, had the highest representation
rate. In contrast, 11 percent or less of the employees in
agriculture; trade; and finance, insurance, and real es
tate were represented by labor organizations.
Within manufacturing, however1, there was consider
able variation in the representation rate. In the prima
ry metals and automobile industries, 63 percent of the
employed wage and salary workers were represented,
contrasted with 14 percent in instrument manufactur
ing. Two-fifths of the 2.2 million employed wage and
salary workers in public administration were represent
ed in May 1980. Slightly more than 43.4 percent of the
6.1 million wage and salary workers employed by Fed
eral, State, and local governments were represented by
a union or employee association.
Earnings
Primarily because of higher earnings by blue-collar
workers, the most highly organized occupational group,
usual weekly earnings of workers represented by labor
organizations, at $320, exceeded those of workers not
represented by $42 in May 1980 (table 10). Blue-collar
workers averaged $323, exceeding the average (mean)
weekly earnings of their unorganized counterparts by
$67. The widest earnings margins were achieved by
workers in skilled occupations in the building trades.
Organized construction craft workers, except carpen
ters, surpassed the average weekly earnings of those
not organized by $131.
Service workers represented by labor organizations
accounted for almost one-quarter of all employed full
time service employees, and averaged $81 a week more
than those who were not represented. The smallest
earnings differential was among white-collar workers.
Those who were covered by a labor agreement had
average weekly earnings of $330, only $11 more than
those not covered. As most high-paying professions
have not been significantly organized, professional,
technical, and kindred workers represented by labor
organizations earned $22 less than their nonrepresented
counterparts.
Workers not represented were more likely to be at
the lower end of the earnings scale than those who
were represented. Thirty-seven percent of those not re
presented earned less than $200 a week compared with
15.2 percent of those who were represented. At the top
of the scale, 24.4 percent of those not represented earned
at least $350, compared with 37.0 percent of those
represented.
In most industries, usual weekly earnings of workers
represented by labor organizations were higher than
those of workers not represented (table 11). The wid
est differentials were found in construction, where av
erage (mean) weekly earnings of workers represented
were 42 percent higher than those of workers who were
not. Construction, a highly seasonal industry, with usu
al weekly earnings of $405; Federal Government, with
an average of $395; and transportation, with an aver
age of $381, were the highest paying industries for
workers represented by a labor organization in 1980.
Black workers
Blacks made up a larger part of workers represented
by a labor organization than their proportion in the to
tal work force might indicate. While they made up 11.8
percent of employed wage and salary workers, they
constituted 14.7 percent of those represented by labor
organizations. In the white-collar occupations, especial
ly in clerical jobs, black workers were more likely to
be represented by labor organizations than white work
ers. Although 8.8 percent of all clerical workers were
black, more than 14.2 percent of the workers represent
ed by labor organizations in these jobs were black (ta
ble 16). Among the blue-collar occupations, the per
centage of blacks as a proportion of workers represent
ed by labor organizations (13.4 percent) was only slight
ly higher than the proportion of blacks to all blue-col
lar workers (12.9 percent).
Contract coverage among black workers exceeded
that for whites in most industries. In the durable goods
manufacturing group, for example, more than one-half
of all employed black wage and salary workers were
covered compared to less than two-fifths of white
workers.
Age
Employed wage and salary workers represented by
labor organizations had a median age of 37.7 years, 3.9
years older than the median for nonrepresented work
ers (table 12). The median age of represented workers
was essentially the same for each race and sex cross
classification (black male, black female, white male, and
white female).
Workers represented by labor organizations were, on
average, older than their nonrepresented counterparts
3
Of the 6.1 million wage and salary workers added to
the work force between May 1977 and May 1980, ap
proximately 2.2 million workers, or 35 percent, were
employed in the service industries. Although the rep
resentation rate for the service sector was almost 5 per
centage points below the all-industry average of 26.5
percent in May 1977, approximately 35 percent of the
2.2 million additional service workers added to the work
force by May 1980 were covered by a contract. As a
result, the representation rate for the service sector rose
from 21.6 percent in May 1977 to 22.8 percent in May
1980.
Only two other industry groups gained a measurable
number of represented workers. In transportation, com
munications, and public utilities, the number of repre
sented workers increased by 300,000, approximately 51
percent of the 591,000 additional workers employed in
this group during the 1977-80 period. The representa
tion rate was unchanged at about 51 percent. The num
ber
of represented workers in public administration rose
Changes from May 1977 to May 1980
The number of employed wage and salary workers by 251,000, about 64 percent of the 390,000 workers
increased by 6.2 million, from 81.3 to 87.5 million, be gained between 1977 and 1980. However, the represen
tween May 1977 and May 1980. More than 90 percent tation rate remained at about 40 percent.
The construction; manufacturing; trade; and finance,
(5.6 million) of these new jobs were in the white-collar
occupations, raising the white-collar proportion of em insurance, and real estate industry groups accounted for
ployed wage and salary workers from 49.7 percent in 45 percent of the 6.1 million wage and salary workers
May 1977 to 52.5 percent in May 1980. While both added to the work force between 1977 and 1980, yet
blue-collar and service occupations gained workers dur showed little change in the number of represented work
ing this period, the percentage of workers employed in ers. The representation rates for the construction and
blue-collar occupations declined to 32.5 percent, with manufacturing industries, therefore, decreased from 37.9
no significant change in the proportion of workers in to 33.1 percent and from 37.6 to 34.8 percent, respec
service occupations.
tively. The representation rates for trade and finance,
The number of workers represented by labor organ insurance, and real estate remained at about 11 percent
izations rose by 958,000, increasing the total number of and 5 percent, respectively.
workers covered by collective bargaining agreements
Of the 6.1 million workers gained during the 1977-80
from 21.5 million in May 1977 to 22.5 million in May period, approximately 90 percent (5.6 million workers)
1980. However, the representation rate fell from 26.5 were employed in white-collar occupations. During this
percent to 25.7 percent during the same period. This period, the number of represented white-collar employ
decrease may be explained, in part, by the shift of work ees rose by 1.2 million with the representation rate sta
ers from blue-collar occupations and manufacturing in ble at about 18 percent. The number of employees in
dustries, where representation was high, to white-col service occupations increased by approximately 461,000
lar occupations and service industries, where it was low. with no change in the number of represented workers.
The service occupation representation rate did not
2 Black male white-collar workers and black female service work
change significantly. The blue-collar occupations
ers were exceptions. While the median age estimates for these two
showed no measurable change in wage and salary work
groups were higher for represented workers than nonrepresented
workers, the difference was not statistically significant.
ers, represented workers, or representation rate.
in each of the major occupational groups. Service work
ers had the widest age differential, 8.8 years. The age
differential for blue-collar and white-collar workers was
6.3 and 3.9 years, respectively. With a median age of
39.7 years, represented workers in the service occupa
tions were at least 2 years older than either white-col
lar or blue-collar workers.
Within the major occupational groups, median age
estimates for each cross-classification of race and sex
indicated that, generally, represented workers were old
er than nonrepresented workers.2
The age differentials were not as large when meas
ured by industry. The largest differential was in con
struction, with the median age of represented workers
5.1 years higher than the median for nonrepresented
workers of 31.8 years (table 14). Services and manufac
turing followed with differentials of 3.4 and 2.8 years,
respectively.
4
Table 1. Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Occupation of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number
All occupations2 ..............................................................................
22,493
19,176
3,317
15,302
13,375
1,927
7,191
5,801
1,390
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Engineers ..........................................................................................
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................
Health workers, except practitioners...............................................
Teachers, except college.................................................................
Engineering and science technicians..............................................
Other professional-salaried..............................................................
8,483
3,997
148
41
418
2,022
252
1,116
7,281
3,501
139
34
334
1,809
217
967
1,201
496
8
7
84
214
34
149
3,923
1,836
142
35
63
671
208
718
3,490
1,666
134
31
45
639
179
640
433
170
8
4
18
32
29
78
4,560
2,161
6
6
355
1,351
44
398
3,792
1,835
6
3
290
1,170
39
327
768
327
Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................
Salaried-manufacturing ....................................................................
Salaried-other industries..................................................................
868
95
773
781
91
690
86
4
83
697
87
610
641
83
558
56
4
53
171
8
163
140
8
132
Clerical and kindred workers..............................................................
Bookkeepers .....................................................................................
Office-machine operators.................................................................
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries..........................................
Other clerical workers ......................................................................
3,365
118
175
569
2,503
2,775
101
131
481
2,062
589
17
44
88
440
1,272
24
59
24
1,166
1,078
19
41
18
1,000
194
4
18
6
166
2,093
94
116
545
1,337
1,698
82
90
464
1,062
395
13
27
82
275
Sales workers......................................................................................
Sales workers in retail trade............................................................
Other sales workers ........................................................................
253
143
110
224
124
100
30
19
10
118
45
73
105
39
66
13
6
7
135
98
37
119
85
34
16
13
3
Blue-collar workers................................................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................................................
Carpenters ........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Supervisors, n.e.c..............................................................................
Machinists and job setters...............................................................
Metal crafts workers, except mechanics,
machinists, and job setters ............................................................
Mechanics-auto ...............................................................................
Mechanics, except a u to ...................................................................
All other crafts workers....................................................................
11,763
4,571
284
1,116
369
397
10,195
4,198
269
1,021
326
363
1,568
373
15
95
42
34
10,059
4,433
282
1,103
356
392
8,816
4,078
268
1,009
318
359
1,243
355
15
93
37
32
1,704
138
1
13
13
5
1,379
120
1
12
8
3
326
18
423
223
773
988
390
194
720
915
33
29
52
73
412
223
754
913
381
194
705
844
31
29
49
69
Operatives, except transport..............................................................
Mine workers ....................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment.........................................................
Other durable goods.........................................................................
Nondurable goods ...........................................................................
All o ther.............................................................................................
4,229
113
315
1,917
1,320
565
3,529
107
248
1,613
1,093
468
700
6
66
305
227
96
2,872
109
259
1,379
692
433
2,440
103
210
1,176
576
374
433
6
49
203
116
58
See footnotes at end of table.
11
_
3
66
182
5
71
30
-
30
_
1
5
2
9
_
2
-
19
75
15
71
4
5
1,357
3
56
538
628
132
1,089
3
38
437
516
94
268
-
18
101
112
38
Table 1. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Women
Men
Total
Occupation of current job
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number—Continued
Transport equipment operatives.........................................................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................................................
All o th e r.............................................................................................
1,514
1,168
346
1,277
984
293
237
184
53
1,423
1,090
333
1,203
920
282
221
170
51
91
78
13
74
63
11
17
15
2
Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................
Construction.......................................................................................
Manufacturing ....................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................................................
1,448
265
436
747
1,191
215
362
613
258
49
74
134
1,331
264
383
684
1,096
214
316
565
235
49
67
119
118
1
53
63
95
1
46
48
23
7
15
Service workers, including private household ......................................
Private household workers .................................................................
Cleaning service...................................................................................
Food service........................................................................................
Health service .....................................................................................
Personal service ..................................................................................
Protective service ................................................................................
2,221
4
644
426
363
164
621
1,682
2
449
343
208
128
551
540
2
194
82
154
37
70
1,296
433
158
72
61
572
1,051
324
126
39
49
513
245
109
32
33
12
59
925
4
210
267
291
104
50
631
2
125
217
170
79
38
294
2
85
50
121
25
11
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All occupations2 ...............................................................................
25.7
24.9
32.1
31.0
30.3
36.6
18.9
17.5
27.4
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Engineers ..........................................................................................
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................
Health workers, except practitioners...............................................
Teachers, except college.................................................................
Engineering and science technicians..............................................
Other professional-salaried..............................................................
18.5
27.7
10.6
9.6
20.1
61.8
22.7
18.2
17.4
26.8
10.6
8.6
18.2
61.7
21.7
17.3
29.6
36.0
(3)
(3)
33.4
62.5
31.5
26.3
18.9
23.6
10.5
9.4
24.8
71.2
22.7
18.1
18.1
23.2
10.5
8.9
22.2
71.8
21.7
17.5
29.5
28.6
(3)
0
(3)
(3)
32.0
25.9
18.1
32.5
(3)
0
19.4
58.0
22.7
18.2
16.8
31.3
(3)
(3)
17.8
57.3
22.0
17.0
29.6
41.6
(3)
(3)
32.9
63.0
(3)
26.7
Managers and administrators, except farm .......................................
Salaried-manufacturing....................................................................
Salaried-other industries..................................................................
9.7
5.9
10.5
9.2
5.8
9.9
19.5
(3)
20.4
10.5
6.1
11.7
10.1
5.9
11.3
20.9
(3)
21.7
7.3
4.6
7.6
6.5
4.8
6.7
17.4
(3)
18.5
Clerical and kindred workers..............................................................
Bookkeepers .....................................................................................
Office-machine operators.................................................................
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries..........................................
Other clerical w orkers......................................................................
19.2
7.2
17.6
11.8
24.9
17.9
6.5
16.3
11.0
23.5
29.9
18.2
22.6
21.2
34.7
36.4
15.4
21.9
30.1
38.9
35.8
13.8
19.6
(3)
38.5
39.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
41.4
14.9
6.3
16.0
11.5
18.9
13.5
5.8
15.2
10.7
17.2
26.7
15.8
19.4
20.6
31.6
Sales workers......................................................................................
Sales workers in retail trade............................................................
Other sales workers .........................................................................
5.0
5.4
4.6
4.7
5.0
4.3
10.9
10.4
11.9
4.2
4.4
4.0
3.9
4.1
3.8
11.3
(3)
(3)
6.0
6.0
6.1
5.7
5.6
6.0
10.5
11.1
(3)
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 1. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Occupation of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued
Blue-collar workers................................................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................................................
Carpenters ........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Supervisors, n.e.c...............................................................................
Machinists and job setters...............................................................
Metal crafts workers, except mechanics,
machinists, and job setters ............................................................
Mechanics-auto ...............................................................................
Mechanics, except a u to ...................................................................
All other crafts workers....................................................................
41.4
41.2
33.9
50.4
21.6
56.9
41.2
41.4
34.8
51.7
20.9
56.7
42.6
39.2
(3)
39.7
29.5
(3)
43.6
42.3
34.3
50.4
23.0
58.2
43.5
42.4
35.0
51.8
22.4
58.0
44.4
40.5
(3)
39.3
30.8
(3)
31.9
23.0
(3)
(3)
8.1
(3)
30.9
22.9
(3)
(3)
5.7
(3)
37.0
23.9
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
63.1
24.0
39.9
47.1
62.8
22.9
40.2
47.5
(3)
35.2
35.6
42.6
63.7
24.2
39.9
50.8
63.3
23.0
40.3
50.9
(3)
36.2
34.2
49.5
(3)
(3)
(3)
25.2
(3)
(3)
(3)
26.6
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Operatives, except transport..............................................................
Mine w orkers....................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment.........................................................
Other durable goods.........................................................................
Nondurable goods ............................................................................
All o th er.............................................................................................
42.4
41.1
85.8
46.8
40.8
28.1
42.0
41.6
85.3
46.1
41.0
27.7
44.3
(3)
87.9
50.5
40.1
30.5
48.4
41.4
87.1
53.6
51.4
29.6
48.0
41.7
85.5
53.4
51.2
29.7
50.5
(3)
(3)
55.2
52.5
29.3
33.6
(3)
(3)
35.2
33.2
24.1
32.8
0
0
33.8
33.5
21.9
37.0
(3)
(3)
43.0
32.1
32.4
Transport equipment operatives.........................................................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................................................
All o th e r.............................................................................................
46.9
43.0
68.2
47.0
42.6
71.7
46.9
45.1
54.0
48.2
44.2
68.4
48.5
44.1
72.2
46.3
44.6
53.0
33.5
30.9
(3)
30.7
28.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Nonfarm laborers................................................................................
Construction......................................................................................
Manufacturing...................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................................................
35.1
34.4
52.2
29.7
34.2
33.3
52.8
28.5
40.3
40.2
49.2
36.6
36.0
34.8
54.1
30.7
35.3
33.8
55.3
29.8
39.9
40.2
48.9
36.0
27.5
(3)
41.7
22.0
25.2
(3)
40.5
19.1
(3)
(3)
(3)
Service workers, including private household ......................................
Private household workers.................................................................
Cleaning service..................................................................................
Food service........................................................................................
Health service .....................................................................................
Personal service .................................................................................
Protective service ...............................................................................
18.4
.4
27.8
9.7
19.4
15.1
43.9
17.4
.2
27.1
9.0
15.1
14.2
43.9
22.2
.6
29.5
13.9
32.1
19.4
43.8
27.6
(3)
30.5
11.0
31.7
21.1
44.8
27.5
(3)
30.5
10.5
26.6
19.9
45.0
28.3
(3)
30.4
13.8
40.9
(3)
43.6
12.5
.4
23.5
9.1
17.7
12.9
35.6
10.8
.2
21.0
8.4
13.7
12.0
33.5
18.8
.7
28.5
14.0
30.3
16.9
(3)
1 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units.
2 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
3 Base less than 75,000.
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-)
indicate no workers in cell.
Table 2. Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, Slay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Occupation of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number
All occupations2 ...............................................................................
20,095
17,099
2,996
14,039
12,261
1,778
6,056
4,838
1,218
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Engineers ..........................................................................................
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................
Health workers, except practitioners...............................................
Teachers, except college.................................................................
Engineering and science technicians..............................................
Other professional-salaried..............................................................
7,017
3,272
108
35
342
1,688
209
891
5,998
2,866
103
28
271
1,514
179
770
1,019
406
4
7
70
174
30
121
3,314
1,513
104
30
56
572
169
581
2,943
1,382
100
26
41
547
145
522
371
131
4
4
14
25
24
59
3,703
1,760
4
5
286
1,115
40
310
3,054
1,485
4
2
230
967
34
248
649
275
3
56
148
5
62
Managers and administrators, except farm .......................................
Salaried-manufacturing ....................................................................
Salaried-other industries..................................................................
681
57
624
605
53
552
76
4
73
558
53
505
510
50
460
49
4
45
123
4
119
95
4
92
28
28
Clerical and kindred workers..............................................................
Bookkeepers .....................................................................................
Office-machine operators.................................................................
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries..........................................
Other clerical workers ......................................................................
2,857
83
145
425
2,203
2,344
72
105
359
1,808
513
11
40
66
396
1,149
15
51
16
1,067
970
13
33
10
914
179
3
18
6
153
1,707
68
95
409
1,136
1,374
59
72
349
894
333
9
22
59
243
Sales workers......................................................................................
Sales workers in retail trade............................................................
Other sales workers .........................................................................
207
125
82
182
111
72
24
14
10
93
40
53
82
36
46
11
4
7
113
85
29
100
75
26
13
10
3
Blue-collar workers................................................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................................................
Carpenters ........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Supervisors, n.e.c..............................................................................
Machinists and job setters...............................................................
Metal crafts workers, except mechanics,
machinists, and job setters ............................................................
Mechanics-auto ................................................................................
Mechanics, except auto ...................................................................
All other crafts workers....................................................................
11,101
4,308
276
1,076
288
381
9,617
3,953
261
984
247
350
1,484
354
15
92
41
31
9,545
4,190
275
1,065
278
.376
8,364
3,850
260
974
241
347
1,181
340
15
91
36
29
1,557
118
1
11
10
5
1,254
104
1
10
5
3
303
14
1
5
2
411
208
729
939
380
179
679
873
31
29
50
66
400
208
713
875
371
179
667
810
29
29
46
65
Operatives, except transport..............................................................
Mine w orkers....................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment........................................................
Other durable goods.........................................................................
Nondurable goods ...........................................................................
All other.............................................................................................
3,990
104
312
1,802
1,244
528
3,328
100
246
1,516
1,029
436
662
5
66
285
214
91
2,733
101
258
1,312
658
403
2,323
97
209
1,120
549
347
409
5
49
192
109
55
See footnotes at end of table.
2
9
11
-
-
-
16
63
12
63
4
1
1,257
3
54
489
586
125
1,004
3
36
396
480
89
252
18
93
106
36
Table 2. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Occupation of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number—Continued
Transport equipment operatives.........................................................
Drivers and delivery workers............................................................
All o th er.............................................................................................
1,439
1,104
335
1,211
926
285
228
178
50
1,367
1,042
325
1,156
878
278
211
164
48
72
62
10
55
48
8
17
15
2
Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................
Construction......................................................................................
Manufacturing....................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers.................................................. .............
1,365
254
420
691
1,125
207
351
568
240
47
70
123
1,255
253
369
633
1,035
206
307
523
220
47
62
111
110
1
51
58
90
1
44
45
20
7
12
Service workers, including private household ......................................
Private household workers.................................................................
Cleaning service...................................................................................
Food service........................................................................................
Health service .....................................................................................
Personal service .................................................................................
Protective service ................................................................................
1,954
2
573
369
310
134
566
1,469
398
296
169
105
501
485
2
175
72
141
29
65
1,160
385
141
59
54
520
940
285
113
31
45
466
221
101
28
28
9
54
794
2
188
227
252
79
46
530
114
183
138
60
35
264
2
74
44
113
20
11
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All occupations2 ...............................................................................
23.0
22.2
29.0
28.4
27.8
33.8
15.9
14.6
24.0
White-collar occupations .....................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Engineers..........................................................................................
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................
Health workers, except practitioners...............................................
Teachers, except college.................................................................
Engineering and science technicians..............................................
Other professional-salaried..............................................................
15.3
22.7
7.7
8.3
16.4
51.6
18.8
14.5
14.3
22.0
7.8
7.2
14.8
51.7
17.9
13.8
25.1
29.4
16.0
19.4
7.7
8.3
21.9
60.7
18.5
14.7
15.3
19.2
7.8
7.7
20.4
61.5
17.6
14.3
25.2
22.2
14.7
26.5
13.5
25.3
25.0
34.9
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
O
(3)
(3)
15.6
47.9
20.4
14.2
14.1
47.4
19.6
12.9
28.0
51.4
Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................
Salaried-manufacturing ....................................................................
Salaried-other industries..................................................................
7.6
3.5
8.5
7.1
3.4
7.9
17.3
8.0
3.5
9.3
18.1
5.3
2.2
5.5
4.4
2.3
4.6
16.0
18.0
8.4
3.7
9.7
Clerical and kindred workers...............................................................
Bookkeepers .....................................................................................
Office-machine operators.................................................................
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries...........................................
Other clerical workers ......................................................................
16.3
5.0
14.6
8.8
21.9
15.1
4.6
13.1
8.2
20.6
26.0
12.3
20.4
15.9
31.2
32.9
10.1
18.8
20.7
35.6
32.3
9.2
15.6
36.7
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
35.2
38.2
12.2
4.5
13.0
8.6
16.1
11.0
4.2
12.2
8.1
14.4
22.5
11.0
16.3
15.0
28.0
Sales workers..................................................................................
Sales workers in retail trade.............................................................
Other sales workers .........................................................................
4.1
4.7
3.4
3.8
4.5
3.1
9.0
7.7
11.9
3.3
4.0
2.9
3.0
3.8
2.6
9.7
(3)
(3)
5.1
5.2
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.5
8.5
8.4
(3)
See footnotes at end of table.
(3)
(3)
27.9
50.9
27.1
21.4
(3)
26.8
19.6
(3)
18.6
0
23.4
(3)
17.0
Table 2. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Occupation of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued
Blue-collar workers.................................................................................
Craft and kindred w orkers..................................................................
Carpenters .........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Supervisors, n.e.c...............................................................................
Machinists and job setters...............................................................
Metal crafts workers, except mechanics,
machinists, and job setters .............................................................
Mechanics-auto ................................................................................
Mechanics, except a u to ...................................................................
All other crafts workers....................................................................
39.1
38.9
33.0
48.7
16.9
54.6
38.9
39.0
33.8
49.9
15.8
54.8
61.3
22.4
37.6
44.8
61.1
21.2
37.9
45.4
Operatives, except transport..............................................................
Mine w orkers.....................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment........................................................
Other durable goods.........................................................................
Nondurable goods ............................................................................
All o th er.............................................................................................
40.0
38.1
85.0
44.0
38.4
26.3
39.6
39.0
84.3
43.4
38.6
25.8
Transport equipment operatives.........................................................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................................................
All o th er.............................................................................................
44.6
40.6
66.1
Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................
Construction......................................................................................
Manufacturing....................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................................................
Service workers, including private household ......................................
Private household workers .................................................................
Cleaning service...................................................................................
Food service.........................................................................................
Health service ......................................................................................
Personal service ..................................................................................
Protective service ................................................................................
1 Limited to workers who identified themselves
association members.
2 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
3 Base less than 75,000.
as
union
41.4
40.0
33.3
48.7
18.0
55.9
41.3
40.1
33.9
50.0
17.0
56.0
42.2
38.8
29.1
19.7
28.1
19.8
34.4
18.7
( 3)
61.9
22.6
37.7
48.7
61.7
21.3
38.1
48.9
(3)
36.2
32.5
46.8
45.7
39.1
85.3
50.9
48.8
27.5
47.8
( 3)
87.9
47.2
37.8
29.0
46.0
38.4
87.0
51.0
48.9
27.6
44.5
40.1
69.8
45.1
43.8
50.6
46.3
42.2
66.8
33.1
32.9
50.3
27.5
32.3
31.9
51.1
26.4
37.4
38.2
46.4
33.5
16.2
.2
24.7
8.4
16.6
12.3
40.0
15.2
(3)
24.0
7.8
12.2
11.6
39.9
20.0
.6
26.6
12.3
29.4
15.1
40.9
or
employee
40.3
37.2
( 3)
38.7
28.7
( 3)
( 3)
35.2
33.9
38.1
41.9
( 3)
( 3)
O
( 3)
38.3
29.9
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
0
6.4
3.8
( 3)
0
( 3)
( 3)
(3)
( 3)
0
(3)
(3)
(3)
( 3)
( 3)
0
21.1
23.5
( 3)
31.1
30.3
34.9
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
52.1
49.3
27.8
32.0
31.0
22.9
30.7
31.1
20.7
39.6
30.5
31.0
46.7
42.1
71.1
44.4
43.1
49.4
26.4
24.7
22.8
21.3
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
34.0
33.4
52.1
28.4
33.3
32.4
53.6
27.5
37.3
38.2
45.8
33.5
25.6
23.9
( 3)
( 3)
( 3)
40.0
20.1
38.5
18.1
(3)
24.7
24.6
(3)
26.8
9.4
21.1
18.4
40.9
i 25.4
(3)
28.1
12.2
34.6
(3)
40.1
10.8
.2
21.0
7.7
15.4
9.9
32.8
9.1
(3)
19.1
7.1
11.2
9.1
30.2
16.9
.7
24.8
12.3
28.3
13.4
(3)
0
27.1
9.8
25.9
18.8
40.8
( 3)
-
0
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-)
indicate no workers in cell.
Table 3. Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Women
Men
Total
Occupation of current job
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Nonmembers covered by contracts
All occupations1 ...............................................................................
2,398
2,077
321
1,263
1,114
149
1,136
963
173
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Engineers ..........................................................................................
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................
Health workers, except practitioners...............................................
Teachers, except college.................................................................
Engineering and science technicians..............................................
Other professional-salaried...............................................................
1,466
725
40
6
77
335
43
225
1,284
634
36
6
63
295
38
197
182
90
4
14
40
5
28
609
323
38
4
7
99
38
137
546
285
34
4
4
92
34
118
62
38
4
4
7
5
19
857
402
2
1
69
236
4
88
737
350
2
1
59
203
4
80
120
52
10
33
(2)
9
Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................
Salaried-manufacturing....................................................................
Salaried-other industries..................................................................
186
38
149
176
38
139
10
10
139
33
105
131
33
98
7
-
45
4
41
-
7
48
4
43
Clerical and kindred workers..............................................................
Bookkeepers .....................................................................................
Office-machine operators.................................................................
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries...........................................
Other clerical w orkers......................................................................
508
35
30
144
299
432
29
26
122
255
76
6
4
22
45
122
8
8
7
99
108
6
8
7
86
14
2
13
386
27
22
137
201
324
23
17
115
169
62
4
4
22
32
Sales workers......................................................................................
Sales workers in retail trade.............................................................
Other sales workers .........................................................................
46
18
29
41
13
29
5
5
24
5
20
23
3
20
2
2
22
13
9
19
10
9
3
3
Blue-collar workers................................................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................................................
Carpenters ........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters................................
Supervisors, n.e.c...............................................................................
Machinists and job setters...............................................................
Metal crafts workers, except mechanics,
machinists, and job setters .............................................................
Mechanics-auto ...............................................................................
Mechanics, except a u to ...................................................................
All other crafts workers....................................................................
662
264
8
39
81
15
577
245
8
37
80
12
84
19
2
1
3
514
244
8
37
78
15
452
229
8
35
77
12
147
20
125
16
12
15
44
50
10
15
41
42
2
12
15
41
38
10
15
38
34
Operatives, except transport...............................................................
Mine workers ....................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment.........................................................
Other durable goods.........................................................................
Nondurable goods ............................................................................
All o th er.............................................................................................
240
8
3
116
76
37
201
7
3
96
63
32
139
8
(2)
67
34
30
116
6
(2)
55
27
27
See footnotes at end of table.
-
2
8
39
2
-
20
13
5
62
15
-
-
2
1
3
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
4
3
12
3
8
23
2
100
(2)
2
49
42
7
85
(2)
2
41
36
5
-
■
-
11
7
3
3
23
4
-
2
3
2
3
3
_
4
16
-
8
6
2
Table 3. Continued—Nommember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and race, May 1930
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Women
Men
Total
Occupation of current job
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Nonmembers covered by contracts—Continued
-
19
16
4
19
16
4
_
Transport equipment operatives.........................................................
Drivers and delivery w orkers...........................................................
All o th e r..............................................................................................
75
64
11
66
58
8
9
6
3
56
48
7
47
43
4
9
6
3
Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................
Construction.......................................................................................
Manufacturing....................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................................................
83
11
16
56
65
9
12
45
18
2
4
11
76
11
14
51
61
9
9
43
15
2
4
8
0
Service workers, including private household ......................................
Private household workers .................................................................
Cleaning service...................................................................................
Food service.........................................................................................
Health service ......................................................................................
Personal service ..................................................................................
Protective service ................................................................................
267
2
70
57
52
31
55
212
2
51
47
39
23
51
55
19
10
13
8
5
136
48
17
13
7
51
111
40
13
8
4
47
25
8
4
5
3
5
131
2
22
40
39
24
4
101
2
11
34
31
19
4
30
11
6
8
5
5
8
2
5
-
(2)
2
2
3
3
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All occupations1 ...............................................................................
2.7
2.7
3.1
2.6
2.5
2.8
3.0
2.9
3.4
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Engineers ..........................................................................................
Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................
Health workers, except practitioners...............................................
Teachers, except college.................................................................
Engineering and science technicians..............................................
Other professional-salaried..............................................................
3.2
5.0
2.9
1.3
3.7
10.2
3.9
3.7
3.1
4.9
2.7
1.4
3.4
10.1
3.8
3.5
4.5
6.6
(3)
0
5.5
11.7
4.4
4.9
2.9
4.1
2.8
1.1
2.9
10.5
4.2
3.4
2.8
4.0
2.6
1.2
1.8
10.4
4.1
3.2
4.2
6.5
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
5.2
6.3
3.4
6.0
(3)
(3)
3.8
10.1
2.2
4.0
3.3
6.0
(3)
(3)
3.6
9.9
2.4
4.1
4.6
6.6
(3)
(3)
5.0
11.6
(3)
3.3
Managers and administrators, except farm .......................................
Salaried-manufacturing....................................................................
Salaried-other industries..................................................................
2.1
2.4
2.0
2.1
2.4
2.0
2.2
0
2.5
2.1
2.3
2.0
2.1
2.4
2.0
2.8
0
3.1
2.0
2.4
2.0
2.1
2.6
2.1
1.4
(3)
1.5
Clerical and kindred workers..............................................................
Bookkeepers ......................................................................................
Office-machine operators.................................................................
Stenographers, typists, and secretaries..........................................
Other clerical workers ......................................................................
2.9
2.1
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.8
1.9
3.2
2.8
2.9
3.9
5.9
2.1
5.4
3.5
3.5
5.3
3.1
9.4
3.3
3.6
4.6
4.0
(3)
3.3
3.0
(3)
(3)
(3)
3.2
2.8
1.8
3.0
2.9
2.8
2.6
1.6
2.9
2.6
2.7
4.2
4.9
3.1
5.6
3.7
Sales workers.......................................................................................
Sales workers in retail trade............................................................
Other sales workers .........................................................................
.9
.7
1.2
.9
.5
1.2
1.9
2.8
(3)
.9
.4
1.1
.8
.3
1.1
1.6
(3)
(3)
1.0
.8
1.4
.9
.7
1.5
2.1
2.7
(3)
See footnotes at end of table.
Table 3. Continued—Wonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Occupation of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued
Blue-collar workers.................................................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................................................
Carpenters ........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Supervisors, n.e.c...............................................................................
Machinists and job setters...............................................................
Metal crafts workers, except mechanics,
machinists, and job setters .............................................................
Mechanics-auto ................................................................................
Mechanics, except a u to ...................................................................
All other crafts workers....................................................................
2.3
2.4
.9
1.8
4.7
2.2
2.3
2.4
1.0
1.9
5.1
1.9
2.3
2.0
(3)
1.0
.8
(3)
2.2
2.3
.9
1.7
5.1
2.3
2.2
2.4
1.0
1.8
5.4
2.0
2.2
1.7
(3)
1.0
.9
(3)
2.8
3.3
(3)
(3)
1.6
(3)
2.8
3.1
(3)
(3)
1.9
(3)
2.6
5.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
1.8
1.6
2.2
2.4
1.6
1.7
2.3
2.2
(3)
(3)
1.7
4.5
1.9
1.6
2.1
2.1
1.7
1.7
2.2
2.0
(3)
(3)
1.7
2.7
(3)
(3)
(3)
4.1
0
(3)
(3)
3.1
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Operatives, except transport...............................................................
Mine w orkers.....................................................................................
Motor vehicles and equipment.........................................................
Other durable goods.........................................................................
Nondurable goods ............................................................................
All o th er.............................................................................................
2.4
3.0
.8
2.8
2.4
1.8
2.4
2.6
1.0
2.7
2.4
1.9
2.4
(3)
(3)
3.2
2.3
1.5
2.3
3.0
.1
2.6
2.5
2.1
2.3
2.6
.2
2.5
2.4
2.1
2.7
(3)
(3)
3.1
3.2
1.5
2.5
0
(3)
3.2
2.2
1.2
2.6
(3)
(3)
3.2
2.4
1.2
2.2
(3)
(3)
3.5
1.7
1.4
Transport equipment operatives.........................................................
Drivers and delivery workers............................................................
All o th er.................................................................
2.3
2.4
2.2
2.4
2.5
1.9
1.8
1.4
3.5
1.9
2.0
1.5
1.9
2.0
1.0
1.9
1.5
3.6
7.1
6.2
0
7.9
7.0
(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
Nonfarm laborers................................................................
Construction...................................................
Manufacturing........................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................................................
2.0
1.5
1.9
2.2
1.9
1.4
1.7
2.1
2.8
2.0
2.8
3.1
2.0
1.5
1.9
2.3
2.0
1.4
1.7
2.2
2.5
2.0
3.1
2.5
1.8
(3)
1.7
1.9
1.3
(3)
1.9
1.0
(3)
Service workers, including private household ......................................
Private household workers.................................................................
Cleaning service............................................................
Food service............................................................
Health service ..............................................................
Personal service ..........................................................
Protective service .............................................
2.2
.2
3.0
13
2.8
2.8
3.9
2.2
.2
3.1
-L2
2.8
2.5
4.0
2.3
(3)
2.9
16
2.7
4.3
2.9
2.9
(3)
3.4
1P
5.8
2.3
4.0
2.9
(3)
3.7
11
5.5
1.5
4.1
2.8
(3)
2.3
16
6.3
(3)
3.5
1.8
.2
2.5
14
2.4
3.0
2.8
1.7
.2
1.9
13
2.5
2.9
3.4
Includes farm workers not shown separately.
2 Fewer than 500 workers.
3 Base less than 75,000.
(3)
(3)
1.9
(3)
3.7
17
2.0
3.6
0
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-)
indicate no workers in cell.
Table 4. Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number
All industries.....................................................................................
22,493
19,176
3,317
15,302
13,375
1,927
7,191
5,801
1,390
Agriculture................................................................................................
55
47
9
45
39
6
10
8
2
Mining......................................................................................................
314
296
18
301
287
14
13
9
3
Construction ............................................................................................
1,651
1,496
156
1,622
1,470
153
29
26
3
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................
Ordnance ...........................................................................................
Lumber ...............................................................................................
Furniture.............................................................................................
Stone, clay, and g la ss......................................................................
Primary metals...................................................................................
Fabricated metals .............................................................................
Machinery, except electrical.............................................................
Electrical equipment .........................................................................
Transportation equipment................................................................
Automobiles ....................................................................................
Aircraft .............................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ....................................................
Instruments .....................................................................................
Miscellaneous.................................................................................
7,309
4,720
86
113
132
305
712
530
851
672
1,135
600
341
194
90
93
6,296
4,087
78
100
122
243
604
467
784
577
952
506
285
162
87
74
1,013
632
9
13
10
62
108
63
67
95
183
95
56
32
3
19
5,671
3,864
67
90
109
258
666
459
749
397
964
521
269
174
55
49
4,945
3,392
62
79
102
216
569
406
691
347
824
449
231
144
53
42
725
473
6
11
7
42
98
53
58
50
140
72
38
30
1
7
1,638
855
19
22
23
47
45
71
102
275
171
79
72
20
35
44
1,351
696
16
21
19
27
35
61
93
230
128
57
54
18
34
32
287
160
3
2
4
21
10
10
9
45
43
23
18
2
2
12
Nondurable goods ...............................................................................
Food...................................................................................................
Tobacco .............................................................................................
Textiles...............................................................................................
Apparel ..............................................................................................
Paper .................................................................................................
Printing...............................................................................................
Chemicals...........................................................................................
Petroleum...........................................................................................
Rubber and plastics..........................................................................
Leather and not specified manufacturing........................................
2,589
670
21
140
353
380
308
352
79
223
64
2,209
566
13
119
282
332
274
311
66
196
52
380
104
8
22
71
48
34
41
13
27
11
1,806
532
13
84
74
323
239
285
75
158
23
1,554
451
8
72
56
280
209
255
62
140
21
253
81
5
12
18
43
30
30
13
•19
2
783
137
8
57
279
57
69
67
4
64
40
655
115
4
47
226
52
64
56
4
56
31
128
22
3
10
53
5
5
11
Transportation, communication, and public utilities.............................
Railroads...............................................................................................
Other transportation ............................................................................
Communication ....................................................................................
Other public utilities.............................................................................
3,113
479
1,201
776
657
2,683
429
1,021
660
574
430
50
180
116
83
2,456
451
1,036
395
574
2,159
403
890
356
509
297
48
146
38
65
657
28
165
381
82
525
26
131
303
64
132
2
35
78
18
Trades.....................................................................................................
Wholesale .............................................................................................
Retail ....................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places ...............................................................
Other re ta il.........................................................................................
1,896
432
1,465
212
1,252
1,634
354
1,281
180
1,101
262
78
184
32
152
1,241
376
865
106
759
1,066
307
760
93
666
175
70
105
13
92
656
55
600
107
493
568
47
521
87
434
88
9
79
20
59
See footnotes at end of table.
-
9
9
Table 4. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, SV3ay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number—Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate......................................................
Banking and other finance .................................................................
Insurance and real estate...................................................................
250
67
183
198
51
148
51
16
35
144
30
114
115
23
92
30
7
22
105
37
68
84
28
56
22
9
13
Services ..................................................................................................
Private household service ..................................................................
Miscellaneous services.......................................................................
Business and repair..........................................................................
Personal services, except private household..................................
Entertainment and recretion.............................................................
Professional services........................................................................
Medical, except hospitals..............................................................
Hospitals.........................................................................................
Welfare and religious.....................................................................
Educational ....................................................................................
Other professional services...........................................................
5,719
9
5,710
332
238
140
5,000
336
841
246
3,421
156
4,702
7
4,695
275
172
130
4,118
248
547
171
3,011
141
1,017
2
1,015
56
67
10
882
87
294
75
410
15
2,235
2
2,234
246
119
91
1,778
96
240
85
1,248
109
1,926
2
1,924
206
97
84
1,537
81
147
62
1,144
103
309
309
40
22
7
240
15
93
23
103
6
3,484
7
3,477
85
120
50
3,222
239
601
161
2,174
47
2,776
5
2,771
69
75
46
2,581
167
400
109
1,867
38
708
2
706
16
45
4
641
72
201
52
307
9
Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................
14
13
1
11
10
1
3
3
Public administration ..............................................................................
Federal, except postal ........................................................................
Postal ...................................................................................................
State ....................................................................................................
L ocal.....................................................................................................
2,172
488
570
309
805
1,810
371
447
279
714
361
117
123
30
92
1,575
317
455
194
609
1,358
255
373
182
549
217
62
82
12
60
597
171
115
116
196
452
116
74
97
165
See footnotes at end of table.
-
145
55
40
18
31
Table 4. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, IMlay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Women
Men
Total
Industry of current job
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All industries.....................................................................................
25.7
24.9
32.1
31.0
30.3
36.6
18.9
17.5
Agriculture................................................................................................
3.8
3.7
4.4
4.0
3.9
4.2
3.2
2.9
(2)
Mining......................................................................................................
35.2
35.5
(2)
39.1
39.4
(2)
10.5
9.0
(2)
Construction ............................................................................................
33.1
33.0
34.6
35.5
35.5
35.7
7.0
6.7
(2)
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................
Ordnance ...........................................................................................
Lumber ...............................................................................................
Furniture.............................................................................................
Stone, clay, and gla ss......................................................................
Primary m etals...................................................................................
Fabricated metals .............................................................................
Machinery, except electrical.............................................................
Electrical equipment .........................................................................
Transportation equipment................................................................
Automobiles ....................................................................................
Aircraft .............................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ....................................................
Instruments .....................................................................................
Miscellaneous .................................................................................
34.8
37.6
36.9
20.9
28.6
49.4
60.5
39.0
30.6
30.1
55.9
63.1
50.4
48.1
14.5
18.8
33.8
36.5
35.4
22.5
29.4
45.2
59.0
38.1
30.1
29.4
53.9
60.6
48.4
47.1
15.1
16.9
42.7
47.3
(2)
13.3
(2)
77.0
71.1
47.3
39.1
35.0
69.3
81.0
63.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
39.6
41.5
37.8
19.7
34.2
50.8
64.2
44.1
33.9
31.2
58.1
65.0
54.0
48.5
15.4
18.4
38.5
40.6
36.3
21.2
35.3
48.2
62.9
43.5
33.2
30.7
56.1
62.5
51.8
47.5
16.3
17.4
48.4
50.2
(2)
12.9
(2)
(2)
72.8
49.3
44.4
35.5
73.4
87.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
24.7
26.4
(2)
28.0
16.1
42.6
33.0
22.5
18.0
28.6
45.9
52.5
40.4
(2)
13.3
19.2
23.4
24.4
(2)
(2)
15.6
30.0
29.3
20.9
17.6
27.7
42.8
48.5
37.7
(2)
13.6
16.3
32.8
40.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
34.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Nondurable goods ...............................................................................
Food...................................................................................................
Tobacco .............................................................................................
Textiles...............................................................................................
Apparel ...............................................................................................
Paper .................................................................................................
Printing...............................................................................................
Chemicals...........................................................................................
Petroleum...........................................................................................
Rubber and plastics..........................................................................
Leather and not specified manufacturing.......................................
30.7
40.0
0
17.9
27.2
50.6
21.5
28.4
35.9
32.2
23.1
29.9
38.4
0
18.2
26.5
49.0
20.9
28.1
33.9
31.9
20.5
36.6
51.8
(2)
16.4
30.4
(2)
27.2
30.8
(2)
34.3
(2)
35.9
45.0
(2)
19.5
24.6
55.6
28.2
31.1
41.9
34.5
26.1
34.7
42.8
(2)
20.4
22.8
53.6
27.0
31.3
38.7
33.4
24.0
45.4
63.3
(2)
15.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
30.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
23.0
28.0
(2)
15.9
28.0
33.5
11.8
20.6
(2)
27.6
21.6
22.4
27.4
(2)
15.6
27.6
33.4
12.1
19.2
(2)
28.7
18.7
26.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
29.7
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Transportation, communication, and public utilities.............................
Railroads...............................................................................................
Other transportation ............................................................................
Communication ....................................................................................
Other public utilities.............................................................................
51.5
82.8
45.1
53.6
48.3
50.3
82.3
43.8
51.9
47.2
60.6
(2)
54.6
66.0
57.2
54.7
83.2
50.9
49.5
51.6
54.0
82.6
50.2
48.9
50.7
60.0
(2)
55.5
(2)
59.1
42.2
(2)
26.4
58.7
33.5
39.0
(2)
23.4
56.0
30.5
62.1
(2)
(2)
72.5
(2)
T rades.....................................................................................................
Wholesale .............................................................................................
Retail .....................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places ...............................................................
Other re ta il.........................................................................................
10.9
12.6
10.5
5.3
12.6
10.3
11.3
10.1
5.0
12.0
17.0
27.4
14.7
7.3
18.8
13.3
14.7
12.8
6.8
14.6
12.6
13.1
12.4
6.8
14.0
20.3
30.6
16.6
6.4
21.2
8.1
6.5
8.3
4.3
10.3
7.7
5.9
7.9
3.9
9.9
12.9
(2)
12.7
7.9
15.9
See footnotes at end of table.
27.4
Table 4. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations' by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate......................................................
Banking and other finance.................................................................
Insurance and real estate............................................................. :....
4.8
2.8
6.5
4.2
2.4
5.8
10.9
7.1
14.5
7.3
4.0
9.3
6.4
3.3
8.2
16.8
9.7
22.1
3.3
2.3
4.4
2.9
1.9
3.9
7.4
5.9
9.0
Services ..................................................................................................
Private household service ..................................................................
Miscellaneous services.......................................................................
Business and repair..........................................................................
Personal services, except private household..................................
Entertainment and recretion.............................................................
Professional services........................................................................
Medical, except hospitals...............................................................
Hospitals.........................................................................................
Welfare and religious.....................................................................
Educational ....................................................................................
Other professional services...........................................................
22.8
.7
23.9
11.4
14.4
15.6
27.1
11.8
21.6
16.0
42.4
7.4
22.0
.8
22.8
10.6
12.8
15.7
26.0
10.1
17.6
13.6
43.1
7.1
27.3
.5
30.5
18.4
21.3
13.9
33.5
23.4
37.5
26.7
38.3
12.2
24.1
1.0
24.6
13.1
19.6
17.1
29.4
17.1
25.7
13.6
44.6
9.6
23.8
1.2
24.2
12.3
19.5
17.4
29.0
16.5
20.5
11.4
46.4
9.6
26.4
(1
2)
27.4
18.9
19.9
(2)
31.6
(2)
43.2
27.2
31.5
(2)
22.0
.7
23.4
8.4
11.4
13.4
26.0
10.5
20.3
17.6
41.3
4.8
20.9
.8
21.9
7.5
8.9
13.4
24.5
8.5
16.7
15.1
41.3
4.1
27.7
.6
32.1
17.2
22.1
(2)
34.2
23.9
35.4
26.5
41.3
(2)
Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................
16.1
15.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Public administration ..............................................................................
Federal, except postal ........................................................................
Postal ...................................................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................................................
Local.....................................................................................................
40.5
27.2
82.4
31.8
42.3
39.7
25.5
81.8
31.9
42.5
44.7
34.4
84.5
31.2
40.4
45.9
30.1
87.6
33.1
47.9
45.4
28.4
87.3
33.6
48.6
49.6
39.8
88.6
(2)
42.2
30.9
23.0
66.7
30.0
31.0
29.0
20.8
62.1
29.2
30.0
38.8
29.8
(2)
(2)
37.3
1 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units.
2 Base less than 75,000.
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-)
indicate no workers in cell.
Table 5. Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Women
Men
Total
Industry of current job
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
6,056
4,838
1,218
9
7
2
Number
All industries.....................................................................................
20,095
17,099
2,996
14,039
12,261
1,778
Agriculture................................................................................................
51
42
9
42
35
6
Mining......................................................................................................
286
272
14
274
263
11
12
9
3
Construction ............................................................................................
1,574
1,424
149
1,551
1,404
147
23
21
2
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................
Ordnance ...........................................................................................
Lumber ...............................................................................................
Furniture .............................................................................................
Stone, clay, and gla ss......................................................................
Primary m etals...................................................................................
Fabricated metals .............................................................................
Machinery, except electrical ............................................................
Electrical equipment .........................................................................
Transportation equipment................................................................
Automobiles ....................................................................................
Aircraft ............................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ....................................................
Instruments .....................................................................................
Miscellaneous .................................................................................
6,771
4,366
74
103
124
292
686
491
798
599
1,038
582
286
170
79
82
5,829
3,774
65
93
115
232
582
433
731
515
869
488
238
144
75
64
942
592
9
10
10
60
104
58
67
85
169
95
48
26
3
18
5,293
3,606
63
83
104
246
642
420
709
352
897
510
233
154
46
44
4,623
3,165
57
75
97
206
547
373
651
307
768
438
201
129
45
38
671
441
6
8
7
40
95
47
58
45
128
72
32
24
1
6
1,478
759
11
19
20
46
44
71
89
247
142
72
53
16
32
38
1,207
609
8
18
18
26
35
60
79
207
101
50
37
14
30
27
271
151
3
2
3
20
9
10
9
40
41
23
16
2
2
12
Nondurable goods ...............................................................................
Food...................................................................................................
Tobacco ............................................................................................
Textiles ..............................................................................................
Apparel ..............................................................................................
Paper .................................................................................................
Printing...............................................................................................
Chemicals...........................................................................................
Petroleum...........................................................................................
Rubber and plastics..........................................................................
Leather and not specified manufacturing.......................................
2,405
628
19
117
326
369
290
320
75
205
58
2,056
531
11
99
261
321
262
283
62
179
48
350
97
8
18
66
48
27
37
13
25
10
1,687
498
11
74
66
312
228
262
71
144
20
1,458
423
6
66
50
269
204
236
58
128
17
229
75
5
8
16
43
24
26
13
17
2
718
130
8
43
260
57
61
58
4
60
38
598
108
4
33
210
52
58
47
4
52
30
120
22
3
10
50
5
3
11
Transportation, communication, and public utilities.............................
Railroads..............................................................................................
Other transportation ............................................................................
Communication ....................................................................................
Other public utilities.............................................................................
2,903
474
1,121
714
594
2,491
424
946
606
515
412
50
176
108
78
2,331
446
986
372
527
2,041
397
843
334
466
290
48
143
38
61
572
28
136
341
67
450
26
103
272
49
122
2
33
70
18
Trades.....................................................................................................
Wholesale ............................................................................................
Retail ....................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places ...............................................................
Other re ta il.........................................................................................
1,753
389
1,363
199
1,164
1,505
314
1,191
170
1,021
247
75
172
29
143
1,151
347
803
97
706
984
279
705
88
617
166
68
99
9
89
602
42
560
102
458
521
35
486
82
404
81
7
74
20
54
See footnotes at end of table.
’
-
9
7
Table 5. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Number—Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate......................................................
Banking and other finance .................................................................
Insurance and real estate...................................................................
190
38
153
146
26
120
45
11
33
119
18
101
90
11
79
29
7
22
71
20
52
56
15
41
16
4
11
Services ..................................................................................................
Private household service ..................................................................
Miscellaneous services.......................................................................
Business and repair..........................................................................
Personal services, except private household..................................
Entertainment and recretion.............................................................
Professional services........................................................................
Medical, except hospitals..............................................................
Hospitals.........................................................................................
Welfare and religious.....................................................................
Educational ....................................................................................
Other professional services...........................................................
4,743
7
4,735
293
229
127
4,086
283
692
207
2,767
137
3,873
5
3,868
238
163
117
3,349
205
437
147
2,430
130
870
2
867
55
66
10
736
78
255
60
337
7
1,909
2
1,907
216
116
85
1,489
86
201
77
1,030
96
1,639
2
1,637
178
95
78
1,286
73
116
56
948
94
270
270
39
21
7
203
13
85
21
81
2
2,834
6
2,828
77
113
42
2,597
198
491
130
1,737
41
2,234
3
2,231
60
69
38
2,063
133
322
91
1,482
36
600
2
597
16
44
4
533
65
169
38
256
5
Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................
12
11
1
9
8
1
3
3
Public administration ..............................................................................
Federal, except postal ........................................................................
Postal ...................................................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................................................
L ocal.....................................................................................................
1,812
347
509
253
703
1,505
261
393
228
622
307
86
116
24
81
1,361
236
411
164
549
1,174
192
334
155
493
187
44
77
9
56
452
111
98
89
154
331
69
60
74
129
See footnotes at end of table.
-
120
42
39
15
25
Table 5. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, Wlay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All races
White
Women
Men
Total
Industry of current job
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All industries.....................................................................................
23.0
22.2
29.0
28.4
27.8
33.8
15.9
14.6
Agriculture................................................................................................
3.5
3.4
4.4
3.6
3.6
4.2
3.0
2.7
(2)
Mining......................................................................................................
32.1
32.6
0
35.6
36.2
(2)
9.8
8.1
(2)
Construction ............................................................................................
31.6
31.4
33.2
34.0
33.9
34.3
5.6
5.3
(2)
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................
Ordnance ...........................................................................................
Lumber ..............................................................................................
Furniture ............................................................................................
Stone, clay, and g la ss......................................................................
Primary m etals...................................................................................
Fabricated metals .............................................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................................................
Electrical equipment .........................................................................
Transportation equipment................................................................
Automobiles ....................................................................................
Aircraft ............................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ....................................................
Instruments .....................................................................................
Miscellaneous .................................................................................
32.3
34.8
31.5
19.1
27.0
47.2
58.4
36.1
28.7
26.9
51.1
61.2
42.4
42.1
12.6
16.6
31.3
33.7
29.6
21.0
27.7
43.2
56.9
35.4
28.0
26.3
49.2
58.4
40.5
41.7
13.1
14.6
39.7
44.3
(2)
10.0
(2)
74.1
68.7
43.1
39.1
31.1
64.2
81.0
55.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
36.9
38.8
35.5
18.1
32.5
48.5
61.8
40.3
32.1
27.7
54.1
63.7
46.8
42.7
13.1
16.5
36.0
37.8
33.8
20.2
33.5
46.0
60.5
39.9
31.3
27.2
52.4
61.0
45.2
42.5
13.8
15.6
44.8
46.9
(2)
9.2
(2)
(2)
70.8
44.1
44.4
31.8
67.2
87.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
22.2
23.4
(2)
24.6
14.4
41.3
32.3
22.3
15.6
25.7
38.0
47.9
29.9
(2)
12.0
16.7
20.9
21.4
(2)
(2)
14.2
29.0
29.3
20.8
15.1
25.0
33.6
42.6
25.7
(2)
12.3
13.4
30.9
38.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
30.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Nondurable goods ...............................................................................
Food...................................................................................................
Tobacco .............................................................................................
T extiles..............................................................................................
Apparel ..............................................................................................
Paper .................................................................................................
Printing...............................................................................................
Chemicals...........................................................................................
Petroleum...........................................................................................
Rubber and plastics..........................................................................
Leather and not specified manufacturing .......................................
28.5
37.5
(2)
14.9
25.1
49.1
20.2
25.8
34.1
29.6
20.9
27.8
36.0
0
15.1
24.5
47.4
20.1
25.5
31.8
29.2
18.8
33.7
48.3
(2)
13.4
28.1
(2)
21.8
27.6
(2)
32.0
(2)
33.5
42.1
(2)
17.3
22.1
53.7
27.0
28.6
39.7
31.4
22.2
32.6
40.1
(2)
18.8
20.4
51.5
26.3
29.0
36.2
30.5
20.0
41.2
58.5
(2)
10.4
(2)
(2)
(2)
25.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
21.1
26.4
(2)
12.0
26.1
33.5
10.4
17.7
(2)
25.9
20.3
20.5
25.8
(2)
10.9
25.7
33.4
10.9
15.9
(2)
26.6
18.1
25.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
27.7
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Transportation, communication, and public utilities.............................
Railroads..............................................................................................
Other transportation ............................................................................
Communication ....................................................................................
Other public utilities.............................................................................
48.0
81.8
42.1
49.3
43.7
46.7
81.2
40.5
47.7
42.5
58.1
(2)
53.2
61.3
54.0
51.9
82.2
48.4
46.7
47.3
51.1
81.6
47.5
45.8
46.5
58.5
(2)
54.4
(2)
55.2
36.7
(2)
21.6
52.6
27.2
33.4
(2)
18.4
50.1
23.3
57.3
(2)
(2)
64.7
(2)
T rades.....................................................................................................
Wholesale ............................................................................................
Retail ....................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places ..............................................................
Other re ta il.........................................................................................
10.1
11.4
9.8
4.9
11.7
9.5
10.0
9.4
4.7
11.2
16.1
26.2
13.8
6.5
17.7
12.4
13.6
11.9
6.2
13.6
11.7
12.0
11.5
6.4
13.0
19.4
29.8
15.6
4.8
20.5
7.4
4.9
7.7
4.1
9.6
7.0
4.4
7.3
3.7
9.2
11.9
(2)
11.9
7.9
14.5
See footnotes at end of table.
24.0
Table 5. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate......................................................
Banking and other finance.................................................................
Insurance and real estate........... ........................................................
3.7
1.6
5.5
3.1
1.2
4.7
9.5
5.0
13.7
6.0
2.4
8.2
5.0
1.6
7.0
16.3
9.7
21.3
2.3
1.2
3.3
1.9
1.1
2.8
5.4
2.7
8.2
Services ..................................................................................................
Private household service ..................................................................
Miscellaneous services.......................................................................
Business and repair..........................................................................
Personal services, except private household..................................
Entertainment and recretion.............................................................
Professional services........................................................................
Medical, except hospitals..............................................................
Hospitals.........................................................................................
Welfare and religious.....................................................................
Educational ....................................................................................
Other professional services...........................................................
18.9
.6
19.8
10.1
13.9
14.1
22.1
10.0
17.7
13.4
34.3
6.5
18.1
.6
18.8
9.2
12.2
14.1
21.2
8.3
14.0
11.7
34.8
6.5
23.3
.5
26.1
17.9
21.1
13.7
28.0
20.9
32.5
21.3
31.5
5.8
20.6
1.0
21.0
11.5
19.2
16.0
24.6
15.2
21.5
12.3
36.8
8.5
20.3
1.2
20.6
10.6
19.1
16.2
24.3
14.8
16.1
10.3
38.5
8.7
23.1
(1
2)
23.9
18.3
19.4
(2)
26.7
(2)
39.6
25.0
24.8
(2)
17.9
.6
19.1
7.5
10.8
11.3
20.9
8.7
16.5
14.1
33.0
4.2
16.8
.5
17.7
6.5
8.1
11.2
19.6
6.7
13.4
12.7
32.7
4.0
23.5
.6
27.2
17.1
21.9
(2)
28.5
21.6
29.8
19.7
34.4
(2)
Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................
13.5
13.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Public administration ..............................................................................
Federal, except postal ........................................................................
Postal ...................................................................................................
State .....................................................................................................
L ocal.....................................................................................................
33.8
19.3
73.7
26.0
36.9
33.0
17.9
72.0
26.1
37.1
38.0
25.4
80.1
24.8
35.6
39.7
22.5
79.1
28.0
43.2
39.2
21.4
78.1
28.5
43.7
42.9
28.3
83.6
(2)
39.3
23.4
14.9
57.3
23.0
24.3
21.2
12.3
50.0
22.2
23.5
32.3
22.9
(2)
(2)
29.4
1 Limited to workers who
association members.
2 Base less than 75,000.
identified
themselves
as
union
or
employee
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-)
indicate no workers in cell.
Table 6. Wonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Nonmembers covered by contracts
All industries.....................................................................................
2,398
2,077
Agriculture...............................................................................................
4
4
Mining......................................................................................................
28
24
Construction ............................................................................................
78
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................
Ordnance ...........................................................................................
Lumber ..............................................................................................
Furniture............................................................................................
Stone, clay, and g la ss......................................................................
Primary m etals...................................................................................
Fabricated metals .............................................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................................................
Electrical equipment .........................................................................
Transportation equipment................................................................
Automobiles ....................................................................................
Aircraft ............................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ....................................................
Instruments .....................................................................................
Miscellaneous .................................................................................
1,263
1,114
4
4
4
27
23
71
6
72
538
354
13
10
8
13
25
40
54
73
97
18
54
24
12
11
467
314
13
7
7
11
22
34
54
62
83
18
47
19
12
10
71
40
3
1
2
4
6
11
13
8
6
1
Nondurable goods ...............................................................................
Food...................................................................................................
Tobacco ............................................................................................
Textiles.............................................................................. ................
Apparel ..............................................................................................
Paper .................................................................................................
Printing...............................................................................................
Chemicals...........................................................................................
Petroleum..........................................................................................
Rubber and plastics..........................................................................
Leather and not specified manufacturing.......................................
184
42
2
24
26
11
18
32
4
18
6
153
35
2
20
21
11
12
28
4
16
4
Transportation, communication, and public utilities.............................
Railroads..............................................................................................
Other transportation ............................................................................
Communication ....................................................................................
Other public utilities.............................................................................
210
5
80
62
63
Trades................................. r...................................................................
Wholesale ............................................................................................
Retail ....................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places ..............................................................
Other re ta il........................................................................................
144
42
101
13
88
See footnotes at end of table.
321
1,136
963
1
1
-
4
1
1
-
66
6
6
5
377
258
4
7
5
12
24
39
40
45
68
11
36
21
8
5
323
227
4
4
5
10
22
34
40
39
56
11
30
15
8
4
55
31
3
2
3
6
5
12
6
6
1
160
96
8
3
2
1
1
0
13
28
29
7
19
4
3
6
144
87
8
3
2
1
0
13
23
28
7
17
4
3
6
31
7
4
5
7
4
2
2
119
34
2
10
8
11
11
23
4
14
4
96
28
2
6
6
11
5
19
4
12
4
23
6
4
2
5
4
2
-
64
8
14
19
8
10
4
2
57
7
14
15
6
10
4
1
192
5
75
54
58
17
5
8
5
125
5
50
22
47
117
5
47
22
43
7
4
85
30
40
15
75
28
31
15
10
2
8
O
129
39
90
10
79
15
3
12
3
9
90
29
61
9
52
82
27
55
6
49
8
2
6
3
3
53
13
40
5
35
47
12
35
5
30
7
1
5
-
149
-
-
3
-
173
0
16
9
1
1
1
5
2
2
7
1
-
4
1
2
5
Table 6. Continued—Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, Slay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Men
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Nonmembers covered by contracts—Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate......................................................
Banking and other finance .................................................................
Insurance and real estate...................................................................
59
29
30
53
25
28
7
5
2
26
12
14
25
12
13
Services ..................................................................................................
Private household service ..................................................................
Miscellaneous services.......................................................................
Business and repair..........................................................................
Personal services, except private household..................................
Entertainment and recretion.............................................................
Professional services........................................................................
Medical, except hospitals..............................................................
Hospitals.........................................................................................
Welfare and religious.....................................................................
Educational .....................................................................................
Other professional services...........................................................
977
2
975
39
9
13
914
52
150
39
654
19
829
2
827
37
8
13
769
43
110
24
581
11
148
327
288
Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................
2
2
Public administration ..............................................................................
Federal, except postal ........................................................................
Postal ...................................................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................................................
Lo ca l.....................................................................................................
359
141
60
57
102
305
110
54
51
91
See footnotes at end of table.
-
-
148
2
1
0
145
9
39
15
73
8
54
31
6
6
11
-
34
18
16
28
13
15
6
5
1
37
2
8
2
22
3
650
2
648
9
7
8
625
42
110
31
436
6
541
2
540
9
6
7
518
35
78
18
385
2
109
109
0
0
0
108
7
32
13
51
5
-
0
0
-
30
18
5
3
4
145
60
16
27
42
121
47
14
23
36
24
13
2
3
7
1
-
1
39
-
327
30
3
6
288
11
40
8
218
13
288
29
2
6
251
8
32
6
196
9
2
2
214
81
44
30
60
184
63
39
27
55
39
1
1
-
Table 6. Continued—Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All industries.....................................................................................
2.7
2.7
2.6
2.5
Agriculture................................................................................................
.3
.3
(2)
.3
.4
Mining......................................................................................................
3.1
2.9
(2)
3.5
3.2
Construction ............................................................................................
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.6
1.6
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................
Ordnance ...........................................................................................
Lumber ...............................................................................................
Furniture.............................................................................................
Stone, clay, and glass......................................................................
Primary m etals...................................................................................
Fabricated metals .............................................................................
Machinery, except electrical.............................................................
Electrical equipment .........................................................................
Transportation equipment.................................................................
Automobiles ....................................................................................
Aircraft .............................................................................................
Other transportation equipment ....................................................
Instruments .....................................................................................
Miscellaneous.................................................................................
2.6
2.8
5.4
1.8
1.7
2.1
2.2
2.9
1.9
3.3
4.8
1.9
8.1
6.0
1.9
2.2
2.5
2.8
5.7
1.5
1.7
2.0
2.1
2.8
2.1
3.2
4.7
2.1
7.9
5.4
2.0
2.3
3.0
3.0
(2)
3.3
(2)
2.9
2.4
4.2
(2)
3.9
5.1
(2)
8.8
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.6
2.8
2.3
1.5
1.7
2.3
2.4
3.8
1.8
3.5
4.1
1.4
7.2
5.8
2.3
2.0
Nondurable goods ...............................................................................
Food...................................................................................................
Tobacco .............................................................................................
Textiles...............................................................................................
Apparel ...............................................................................................
Paper ..................................................................................................
Printing................................................................................................
Chemicals...........................................................................................
Petroleum...........................................................................................
Rubber and plastics..........................................................................
Leather and not specified manufacturing ........................................
2.2
2.5
(2)
3.0
2.0
1.4
1.3
2.6
1.8
2.6
2.2
2.1
2.4
(2)
3.0
2.0
1.6
.9"
2.5
2.0
2.7
1.7
2.9
3.5
(2)
2.9
2.3
(2)
5.4
3.2
(2)
2.2
(2)
Transportation, communication, and public utilities.............................
Railroads...............................................................................................
Other transportation ............................................................................
Communication ....................................................................................
Other public utilities.............................................................................
3.5
.9
3.0
4.3
4.6
3.6
1.0
3.2
4.2
4.8
T rades.....................................................................................................
Wholesale .............................................................................................
Retail ....................................................................................................
Eating and drinking places ...............................................................
Other re ta il.........................................................................................
.8
1.2
.7
.3
.9
.8
1.2
.7
.3
.9
See footnotes at end of table.
3.1
2.8
3.0
2.9
(2)
.2
.2
(2)
(2)
.7
.8
(2)
1.3
1.4
1.4
(2)
2.5
2.7
2.4
1.0
1.8
2.2
2.4
3.6
1.9
3.5
3.8
1.5
6.6
5.0
2.5
1.8
3.6
3.3
(2)
3.7
(2)
(2)
2.0
5.2
(2)
3.7
6.2
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.4
3.0
(2)
3.4
1.7
1.3
.7
.1
2.4
2.9
7.8
4.6
10.5
(2)
1.3
2.5
2.5
3.1
(2)
(2)
1.4
1.0
(2)
.1
2.5
2.7
9.2
6.0
12.0
(2)
1.4
2.9
1.8
2.3
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
4.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.4
2.9
(2)
2.2
2.5
1.9
1.3
2.5
2.2
3.0
3.9
2.1
2.7
(2)
1.6
2.3
2.1
.7
2.3
2.5
2.9
4.1
4.2
4.8
(2)
5.1
(2)
(2)
(2)
4.2
(2)
(2)
(2)
1.9
1.5
(2)
3.9
1.9
(2)
1.3
2.9
(2)
1.8
1.3
2.0
1.6
(2)
4.7
1.9
(2)
1.2
3.3
(2)
2.1
.5
1.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
2.5
(2)
1.4
4.7
3.2
2.8
1.0
2.5
2.8
4.2
2.9
1.1
2.7
3.0
4.3
1.5
(2)
1.1
(2)
3.9
5.5
(2)
4.8
6.1
6.3
5.6
(2)
5.1
5.8
7.2
4.8
(2)
(2)
7.8
(2)
1.0
1.1
.9
.7
1.1
1.0
1.1
.9
.6
1.0
1.0
1.2
.9
.4
1.0
.9
.8
1.0
1.6
.7
.7
1.5
.6
.2
.7
.6
1.5
.5
.2
.7
1.0
(2)
.9
(2)
1.5
3.4
Table 6. Continued—Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, SViay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Men
Total
Industry of current job
All races
White
Black and
other
All races
White
Women
Black and
other
All races
White
Black and
other
Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate......................................................
Banking and other finance.................................................................
Insurance and real estate...................................................................
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.2
1.1
1.4
2.1
.8
1.3
1.6
1.1
1.4
1.7
1.1
0.5
(1
2)
.8
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
.9
1.1
2.0
3.1
.8
Services..................................................................................................
Private household service ..................................................................
Miscellaneous services.......................................................................
Business and repair..........................................................................
Personal services, except private household..................................
Entertainment and recretion............................................................
Professional services........................................................................
Medical, except hospitals..............................................................
Hospitals.........................................................................................
Welfare and religious.....................................................................
Educational ....................................................................................
Other professional services...........................................................
3.9
.1
4.1
1.3
.6
1.5
5.0
1.8
3.8
2.5
8.1
.9
3.9
.2
4.0
1.4
.6
1.6
4.9
1.7
3.5
1.9
8.3
.5
4.0
(2)
4.4
.5
.3
.2
5.5
2.4
5.0
5.4
6.9
6.4
3.5
(2)
3.6
1.6
.4
1.1
4.8
1.9
4.2
1.3
7.8
1.1
3.6
(2)
3.6
1.7
.4
1.2
4.7
1.7
4.4
1.1
7.9
.8
3.3
(2)
3.5
.6
.5
(2)
4.9
(2)
3.6
2.2
6.7
(2)
4.1
.2
4.4
.9
.6
2.1
5.0
1.8
3.7
3.4
8.3
.6
4.1
.2
4.3
.9
.7
2.2
4.9
1.8
3.3
2.5
8.5
.2
4.2
(2)
4.9
.2
.2
(2)
5.8
2.3
5.6
6.8
6.9
(2)
Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................
2.6
2.9
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Public administration ..............................................................................
Federal, except postal ........................................................................
Postal ...................................................................................................
State .....................................................................................................
Lo ca l.....................................................................................................
6.7
7.8
8.7
5.8
5.3
6.7
7.6
9.8
5.8
5.4
1 Fewer than 500 workers.
2 Base less than 75,000.
6.7
9.0
4.4
6.4
4.8
6.2
7.7
8.5
5.1
4.7
6.2
7.0
9.2
5.0
4.9
6.8
11.5
5.1
(2)
2.9
(2)
7.5
8.1
9.4
7.0
6.7
(2)
(2)
7.7
8.5
12.1
7.0
6.5
6.6
6.9
(2)
(2)
8.0
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-)
indicate no workers in cell.
Table 7. Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation and industry, [May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Occupation of current job
Total
Agriculture
Mining
Construc
tion
Manufac
turing
Trans
portation Wholesale
trade
and public
utilities
Retail
trade
Finance
and
services
Forestry
and fish
eries
Public
administra
tion
Number
All occupations2 ................................................................................
22,493
55
314
1,651
7,309
3,113
432
1,465
5,969
14
2,172
White-collar occupations ........................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Managers and administrators, except fa rm ........................................
Clerical and kindred workers...............................................................
Sales workers.......................................................................................
8,483
3,997
868
3,365
253
4
2
29
7
2
20
-
145
43
70
32
-
880
271
95
487
27
1,062
216
96
732
18
104
6
25
56
17
642
13
134
352
143
4,253
3,098
269
842
44
4
4
1,361
338
177
843
4
Blue-collar workers.................................................................................
Craft and kindred w orkers...................................................................
Carpenters .........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Mechanics and repairers...................................................................
Operatives and kindred workers.........................................................
Operatives, except transport .......................................... ..................
Drivers and delivery w orkers............................................................
Other transport equipment operatives .............................................
Nonfarm laborers..................................................................................
Construction.......................................................................................
Manufacturing....................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers................................................................
11,763
4,571
284
1,116
1,815
5,743
4,229
1,168
346
1,448
265
436
747
23
5
2
4
14
14
283
134
22
41
48
136
113
17
7
13
13
1,487
1,029
190
632
104
194
114
78
2
265
265
-
6,283
1,891
36
271
1,110
3,956
3,552
205
199
436
436
-
1,962
904
15
76
259
798
95
599
104
260
260
319
71
1
10
32
182
53
118
10
66
66
618
128
4
4
67
226
153
65
8
264
264
548
270
12
59
125
205
134
58
13
73
73
10
2
1
9
9
229
137
5
22
70
43
15
24
3
49
49
Service workers, including private household ......................................
2,221
2
2
19
146
89
9
205
1,168
-
582
See footnotes at end of table.
-
2
-
-
4
-
(3)
-
Table 7. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation and industry, SViay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Occupation of current job
Total
Agriculture
Mining
Construc
tion
Manufac
turing
Trans
portation Wholesale
and public
trade
utilities
Retail
trade
Finance
and
services
Forestry
and fish
eries
Public
administra
tion
Percent of employed wage and salary workers
All occupations1
23...............................................................................
25.7
3.8
35.2
33.1
34.8
51.5
12.6
10.5
19.7
16.1
40.5
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers ....................................
Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................................................
Sales workers.......................................................................................
18.5
27.7
9.7
19.2
5.0
2.7
0
0
0
(4)
10.2
6.5
0
16.7
0
12.2
19.4
12.7
8.2
(4)
12.3
11.3
5.9
18.2
5.4
38.4
33.8
16.9
49.2
0
4.6
4.1
3.9
7.8
2.2
8.5
6.4
6.1
13.9
5.4
20.5
32.4
10.1
11.2
4.4
(4)
(4)
O
O
36.3
31.3
26.2
42.6
0
Blue-collar workers.................................................................................
Craft and kindred w orkers..................................................................
Carpenters .........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Mechanics and repairers..................................................................
Operatives and kindred workers.........................................................
Operatives, except transport............................................................
Drivers and delivery workers............................................................
Other transport equipment operatives ............................................
Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................
Construction......................................................................................
Manufacturing....................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................................................
41.4
41.2
33.9
50.4
42.9
43.5
42.4
43.0
68.2
35.1
34.4
52.2
29.7
8.1
0
(4)
0
0
0
0
(4)
7.5
47.1
51.0
(4)
O
(4)
42.7
41.1
0
O
(4)
39.6
41.1
31.3
46.4
39.3
39.6
39.9
39.9
(4)
34.4
34.4
46.9
45.8
42.7
67.6
57.1
46.9
46.1
45.6
69.8
52.2
62.6
67.7
(4)
70.3
66.0
57.0
60.9
53.2
88.3
64.8
21.3
12.9
O
(4)
10.8
22.6
22.4
21.7
(4)
28.9
20.8
23.2
(4)
40.7
21.1
22.3
20.0
26.6
O
13.2
(4)
0
(4)
(4)
(4)
41.0
45.0
(4)
(4)
46.2
41.4
(4)
0
0
32.5
Service workers, including private household ......................................
18.4
0
1
2
3
4
Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units.
Includes farm workers not shown separately.
Fewer than 500 workers.
Base less than 75,000.
-
7.5
-
52.2
-
64.8
28.9
21.8
(4)
(4)
16.8
36.1
33.7
37.4
0
24.1
24.1
(4)
36.5
60.1
(4)
-
-
(4)
(4)
-
-
-
-
(4)
-
-
28.9
13.2
(4)
32.5
5.8
17.0
(4)
55.0
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no
workers in cell.
Table 8. Employed private and government wage and salary workers
represented by labor organizations’ by industry, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Government
Private
Number
repre
sented
Percent of
private
wage and
salary
workers
Number
repre
sented
Percent of
govern
ment wage
and salary
workers
All industries .............................................................................
15,526
21.7
6,968
43.4
Agriculture........................................................................................
50
3.5
5
O
Mining ..............................................................................................
312
35.1
2
(2)
Construction.....................................................................................
1,431
32.2
220
40.8
Manufacturing, to ta l........................................................................
Durable g oods...............................................................-...............
Nondurable goods........................................................................
7,252
4,671
2,581
34.8
37.5
30.7
57
49
8
45.3
48.5
(2)
Transportation, communication, and public utilities ......................
Railroads and railway express.....................................................
Other transportation......................................................................
Other utilities.................................................................................
2,707
471
1,036
1,199
51.3
82.8
44.0
51.0
406
8
165
233
52.4
(2)
53.4
51.2
Trade ...............................................................................................
Retail.............................................................................................
1,886
432
1,454
10.9
12.6
10.5
10
(2)
10
(2)
(2)
(2)
Finance, insurance, and real estate...............................................
217
4.3
33
Private household services.................................................... ........
9
.7
Miscellaneous services ...................................................................
Business and repair......................................................................
Personal services, except private household..............................
Entertainment and recreation......................................................
Medical, except hospitals.............................................................
Hospitals........................................................................................
Welfare and religious....................................................................
Educational ...................................................................................
Other professional services.........................................................
1,657
326
236
127
175
409
43
201
139
11.1
11.4
14.4
15.2
7.4
14.9
4.6
12.9
6.9
Forestry and fisheries......................................................................
4
Industry of current job
Public administration........................................................................
' Includes members and nonmembers in
bargaining units.
2 Base less than 75,000.
-
4,053
6
2
14
160
432
203
3,220
17
f)
10
-
2,172
26.7
45.3
(2)
(2)
(2)
34.5
37.5
33.1
49.5
18.1
(2)
40.5
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items
may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers
in cell.
Table 9. Employed private and government wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation
and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Private
Occupation of current job
Number
repre
sented
Government
Percent represented by labor
organizations
All races
White
Black and
other
Number
repre
sented
Percent represented by labor
organizations
All races
White
Black and
other
All occupations1
2 ...............................................................................
15,526
21.7
20.9
28.2
6,968
43.4
43.3
44.3
White-collar occupations .......................................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers....................................
Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................
Clerical and kindred workers...............................................................
Sales workers......................................................................................
3,619
983
490
1,899
246
10.4
11.6
6.4
14.0
4.9
9.7
11.0
6.1
13.1
4.6
19.4
18.6
13.4
23.1
10.7
4,864
3,014
378
1,465
7
43.1
50.6
28.3
37.0
(3)
42.6
50.4
27.8
35.9
(3)
46.0
52.9
33.6
42.0
(3)
Blue-collar workers.................................................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................................................
Carpenters ........................................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters...............................
Mechanics and repairers..................................................................
Operatives and kindred workers.........................................................
Operatives, except transport............................................................
Drivers and delivery workers............................................................
Other transport equipment operatives .............................................
Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................
Construction......................................................................................
Manufacturing...................................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers................................................................
10,858
4,128
262
999
1,650
5,478
4,163
987
328
1,252
205
433
615
41.1
40.6
33.1
51.3
42.0
43.5
42.5
42.6
67.8
34.2
31.5
52.0
28.2
40.9
40.7
33.9
52.7
41.8
43.3
42.2
42.2
71.6
33.6
30.0
52.6
27.8
42.2
39.0
(3)
39.7
45.2
44.8
44.5
44.9
50.2
37.7
38.6
49.2
30.9
905
443
22
117
164
266
66
181
18
196
60
4
132
45.4
48.4
(3)
43.9
53.5
43.0
34.1
45.2
(3)
42.5
49.6
(3)
39.4
45.1
49.6
(3)
44.6
56.2
42.0
32.9
45.0
(3)
39.3
48.9
(3)
34.2
46.3
40.3
(3)
(3)
(3)
46.5
(3)
46.3
(3)
52.5
(3)
(3)
52.1
Service workers, including private household ......................................
1,025
11.0
9.6
16.6
1,197
43.7
45.1
38.7
1 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units.
2 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
3 Base less than 75,000.
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell.
Table 10. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and labor organization representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent not represented by labor organizations
Percent represented by labor organizations
receiving weekly earnings ofreceiving weekly earnings ofNumber
Number
not
Average
Average
repre
repre
Percent
weekly
weekly
sented
sented
repre
$400 earnings
by labor
$400 earnings
by labor Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350sented
and (mean)
organi
and (mean)
organi $150 $199 $249 $299 $349 $399
by labor
$150 SI 99 $249 $299 $349 $399
over
over
zation
zation
organi
zations
Full-time workers
Occupation of current job
Total
Earn
ings
ratio'
All occupations2 ..................................................
68,510
29.5
20,178
5.1
10.1
15.7
16.1
16.0
12.7
24.2
$320
48,332
17.1
19.9
16.7
12.5
9.5
5.5
18.9
$278
1.15
White-collar occupations..........................................
Professional, technical, and kindred
workers...................................................................
Managers and administrators, except farm ..........
Clerical and kindred workers .................................
Sales workers .........................................................
36,365
20.7
7,511
3.0
9.8
16.4
18.7
15.7
12.5
23.8
330
28,854
11.8
18.5
15.7
12.6
10.3
6.4
24.6
309
1.07
11,788
7,044
14,167
3,366
28.8
12.0
21.5
6.7
3,399
843
3,044
225
1.0
.7
5.0
(3)
4.8
2.6
16.8
(3)
17.2
3.8
18.6
(3)
20.6
9.0
20.1
0
15.6
10.5
16.8
(3)
12.7
16.2
11.5
(3)
27.9
57.1
11.1
0
349
450
281
(3)
8,389
6,201
11,123
3,141
4.4
4.1
19.9
18.1
7.9
8.8
32.6
16.1
11.6
12.3
21.2
14.1
16.8
10.2
11.2
11.0
13.5
14.1
5.6
10.8
9.9
8.2
3.3
4.7
35.9
42.4
6.1
25.2
371
400
215
297
.94
1.12
1.30
(3)
Blue-collar workers ...................................................
Craft and kindred workers......................................
Carpenters............................................................
Construction craft workers, except
carpenters ...........................................................
Mechanics and repairers.....................................
Operatives and kindred workers ...........................
Operatives, except transport...............................
Drivers and delivery workers...............................
Other transport equipment operatives...............
Nonfarm laborers....................................................
Construction .........................................................
Manufacturing.......................................................
All other nonfarm laborers ..................................
24,714
10,152
726
44.7
42.4
32.4
11,046
4,306
236
5.0
2.5
(3)
9.2
3.2
(3)
14.4
8.9
(3)
14.5
12.2
(3)
16.7
16.3
(3)
13.8
16.3
(3)
26.4
40.6
(3)
323
369
(3)
13,667
5,846
491
16.3
5.8
10.2
20.1
11.9
19.0
20.0
16.4
19.7
14.0
17.9
20.4
10.9
16.8
13.4
5.5
8.7
8.1
13.3
22.7
9.2
256
309
252
1.26
1.19
(3)
1,805
3,915
11,510
8,746
2,372
392
3,051
715
804
1,533
54.5
45.3
46.5
45.1
46.9
77.5
45.4
47.4
62.5
35.4
983
1,774
5,356
3,940
1,112
304
1,384
339
502
543
1.6
1.6
7.4
8.9
3.7
1.3
3.8
3.9
3.1
4.4
.4
5.0
12.9
15.5
5.3
7.0
13.3
11.3
16.1
11.9
6.6
8.9
18.6
19.5
16.6
14.5
15.3
18.5
18.8
10.0
8.5
14.1
15.0
16.4
12.1
7.9
19.7
9.7
13.2
31.9
14.1
17.1
15.2
13.3
17.8
30.5
23.7
21.6
22.7
25.9
13.7
18.4
12.3
12.2
12.0
15.7
11.6
16.6
14.7
5.7
55.0
34.8
18.5
14.2
32.5
23.2
12.6
18.4
11.4
10.2
409
353
295
280
339
331
290
305
286
284
821
2,141
6,154
4,806
1,260
88
1,667
376
302
990
9.2
2.1
23.6
25.4
18.2
0
26.4
17.9
23.5
30.6
11.3
12.3
25.1
25.8
21.2
(3)
30.0
30.8
28.1
30.3
13.5
16.6
23.0
23.9
19.8
(3)
21.8
25.7
19.4
21.0
24.8
23.1
11.7
10.9
15.6
(3)
8.4
5.6
16.4
7.1
19.9
17.1
5.9
5.5
7.0
(3)
9.1
10.4
10.6
8.2
9.6
11.0
3.4
3.0
4.2
(3)
1.8
3.1
0
1.8
11.8
17.7
7.3
5.5
14.0
(3)
2.5
6.4
2.0
1.1
278
302
221
214
245
(3)
202
228
211
190
1.47
1.17
1.34
1.31
1.38
(3)
1.43
1.34
1.35
1.50
6,606
24.3
1,605
15.4
18.0
21.0
15.4
12.1
6.5
11.6
255
5,002
45.6
26.0
13.5
8.2
2.0
1.1
3.6
174
1.47
Service workers, including private
household .................................................................
' Ratio of earnings of workers covered by labor-management agreements to those not covered by
agreements.
workers in ceil.
2 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
3 Base less than 300,000 or percent less than 0.1.
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
Dashes (-) indicate no
Table 11. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent represented by labor organizations
Percent not represented by labor organizations
Number
receiving weekly earnings ofreceiving weekly earnings ofNumber
not
repre
Average repre
Average
Percent
sented
weekly sented
weekly
repre
by labor
$400 earnings
by
$400 earnings
sented
Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350organi
labor
and (mean)
and (mean)
by labor
$150 SI 99 $249 $299 $349 $399
$150 $199 $249 $299 $349 $399
zation
over
organi
over
organi
zation
zations
Full-time workers
Industry of current job
Total
All industries ..................................................
68,510
29.5
20,178
Agriculture...............................................................
1,099
2.8
31
Mining.....................................................................
691
35.0
242
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Construction ...........................................................
3,864
39.0
1,506
2.1
3.8
7.5
8.5
14.6
11.3
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
A ircra ft............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
19,207
12,126
2,753
2,775
1,998
863
670
465
4,600
37.5
40.3
54.2
32.7
55.7
63.9
44.4
56.8
29.8
7,196
4,885
1,493
906
1,113
551
297
264
1,373
6.0
4.8
3.3
1.4
2.7
4.4
(2)
(2)
10.5
11.9
9.4
10.1
6.7
1.7
2.1
(2)
(2)
16.6
16.2
16.7
16.5
14.8
11.1
9.3
(2)
(2)
22.8
16.0
17.9
16.0
20.0
15.6
9.7
(2)
(2)
20.4
15.7
16.0
16.4
13.5
23.7
21.9
(2)
(2)
10.8
14.1
15.4
11.7
21.9
19.7
26.9
(2)
(2)
11.5
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food .................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum................................
Other nondurable g oods.................................
7,081
1,374
692
905
609
1,103
1,272
924
32.6
40.3
15.4
27.4
54.6
22.8
36.3
28.4
2,312
553
106
248
332
251
462
263
8.3
1.6
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
4.2
(2)
17.2
16.2
(2)
(2)
15.9
(2)
5.6
(2)
15.2
12.6
(2)
(2)
16.7
(2)
16.9
(2)
12.0
15.1
(2)
(2)
14.7
(2)
13.6
(2)
15.1
22.8
(2)
(2)
12.3
(2)
26.9
(2)
Transportation, communication, and
public utilities ........................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
4,893
2,797
1,413
1,318
47.8
54.7
55.4
43.7
2,337
1,530
783
576
2.2
1.4
2.4
2.2
6.8
3.2
11.3
4.8
12.4
9.1
15.1
16.9
16.4
12.4
17.7
19.6
T rade......................................................................
Wholesale ............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
11,237
3,027
8,210
13.2
14.4
12.8
1,487
436
1,051
7.6
8.4
7.2
11.6
4.1
14.7
17.5
23.8
14.8
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
4,446
5.9
262
(2)
(2)
(2)
See footnotes at end of table.
5.1
(2)
10.1
(2)
15.7
(2)
16.1
12.7
$320
48,332
17.1
19.9
16.7
12.5
9.5
5.5
18.9
$278
(2)
1,069
33.9
29.0
14.4
12.4
5.2
2.6
2.5
193
(2)
(2)
449
1.5
13.9
12.5
12.1
5.5
14.7
39.7
370
(2)
52.2
405
2,358
8.1
18.5
18.5
19.8
12.7
6.8
15.5
284
1.42
20.1
19.9
26.0
21.7
25.5
25.8
(2)
(2)
7.4
303
309
317
322
340
347
(2)
(2)
266
12,011
7,241
1,260
1,869
885
312
373
201
3,227
11.4
8.0
7.2
4.1
4.6
4.7
5.3
(2)
11.5
17.0
15.0
14.7
12.9
6.5
4.9
5.5
(2)
18.6
17.7
18.0
18.6
19.9
13.3
15.3
11.3
(2)
18.0
12.5
13.6
15.5
11.6
12.9
12.5
13.4
(2)
14.1
9.8
10.8
10.1
12.1
16.3
15.4
19.2
(2)
8.7
6.1
6.9
6.5
8.1
10.4
9.8
7.8
(2)
5.5
25.5
27.8
27.4
31.4
36.1
37.4
37.5
(2)
23.6
309
324
322
341
377
385
396
(2)
299
.98
.95
.98
.94
.90
.90
(2)
(2)
.89
11.6
16.0
(2)
(2)
15.8
(2)
10.5
(2)
20.5
15.7
(2)
(2)
24.5
(2)
22.3
(2)
292
301
(2)
(2)
322
(2)
310
(2)
4,770
820
585
658
277
852
810
661
16.6
7.0
24.1
43.6
(2)
11.0
7.0
20.3
20.2
22.8
26.5
26.8
(2)
20.2
8.7
23.2
17.2
18.2
25.3
10.7
(2)
22.8
13.7
15.5
10.8
7.6
11.4
6.2
(2)
13.8
12.2
9.8
8.3
12.0
6.9
5.1
(2)
8.3
11.5
7.5
4.8
6.2
1.0
.8
(2)
5.4
6.6
7.1
22.0
26.3
4.8
6.9
(2)
18.5
40.3
16.6
288
308
216
196
(2)
272
382
267
1.01
.98
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
.81
(2)
16.9
18.4
17.5
17.9
12.4
16.7
13.4
11.1
32.9
38.7
22.6
27.5
359
381
334
337
2,556
1,267
630
742
8.2
8.1
6.5
9.5
15.1
16.1
13.7
13.0
15.5
13.2
13.7
20.1
11.3
12.3
10.2
10.8
12.0
10.8
14.9
10.5
6.1
5.8
1.9
9.5
31.8
33.7
39.1
26.6
330
326
369
314
1.09
1.17
.91
1.07
15.9
15.0
16.3
18.6
16.1
19.6
11.5
12.3
11.2
17.4
20.3
16.2
294
300
292
9,750
2,591
7,159
24.5
8.0
30.5
20.9
16.3
22.5
16.6
19.7
15.6
10.7
11.5
10.4
9.5
12.5
8.4
4.9
7.0
4.2
12.8
25.1
8.4
247
314
222
1.19
.95
1.32
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
4,184
12.6
25.3
18.5
11.5
7.3
4.5
20.4
285
(2)
(2)
16.0
(2)
(2)
24.2
Earn
ings
ratio1
(2)
1.15
(2)
Table 11. Continued—Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Percent not represented by labor organizations
Percent represented by labor organizations
Number
receiving weekly earnings ofreceiving weekly earnings ofnot
Number
Average
Average repre
repre
Percent
weekly
weekly sented
sented
repre
$400 earnings
$400 earnings
by
by labor
Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350sented
and (mean)
labor
and (mean)
organi
$150 $199 $249 $299 $349 $399
$150 SI 99 $249 $299 $349 $399
by labor
over
organi
over
zation
organi
zation
zations
Full-time workers
Industry of current job
Total
Earn
ings
ratio1
Services..................................................................
Business and repair.............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
17,673
2,329
1,463
458
1,005
385
25.5
14.9
10.8
1.6
14.9
15.5
4,510
347
158
7
150
60
7.6
8.0
0
(2)
(2)
(2)
12.9
16.0
(1
2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
20.7
22.7
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
19.5
16.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
12.9
12.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
9.0
7.8
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
17.4
17.5
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
$291
295
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
13,163
1,982
1,306
451
855
326
22.0
12.2
57.7
82.0
44.9
26.5
21.4
22.6
16.1
9.1
19.7
21.8
15.6
13.9
12.0
4.5
15.9
18.9
13.2
14.8
4.0
1.8
5.1
11.6
8.8
10.5
3.0
.2
4.4
11.0
5.0
5.4
1.2
.8
1.4
2.5
14.1
20.7
6.2
1.7
8.5
7.6
$255
288
164
105
196
247
1.14
1.03
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
13,495
5,492
3,218
4,785
29.2
48.8
19.8
13.2
3,946
2,678
636
632
6.6
6.3
3.6
11.0
12.1
8.8
20.9
17.2
20.4
19.8
25.7
17.8
20.5
21.9
18.2
16.6
13.4
12.1
18.6
13.6
9.1
10.2
5.8
7.5
17.9
20.8
7.3
16.4
295
303
266
287
9,549
2,814
2,581
4,154
19.1
21.2
15.2
20.0
21.8
17.5
23.2
23.9
16.3
14.7
20.2
15.0
14.2
13.9
17.4
12.4
9.1
10.3
9.1
8.3
5.5
7.0
5.1
4.8
14.0
15.3
9.8
15.7
260
261
256
262
1.13
1.16
1.04
1.09
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
69
(2)
17
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
51
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ..................................................................
S ta te ....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
4,695
1,636
603
872
1,584
43.4
29.8
85.4
32.3
47.5
2,037
487
515
282
753
1.1
.3
1.3
(2)
2.0
7.4
8.3
.2
(2)
8.6
11.5
8.7
3.4
(2)
19.3
17.2
16.7
13.4
(2)
20.1
20.2
12.5
34.7
(2)
17.2
16.0
9.8
28.5
(2)
12.1
26.6
43.7
18.4
(2)
20.6
348
395
348
(2)
316
2,658
1,149
88
590
831
10.5
8.0
(2)
4.7
18.6
17.4
13.0
(2)
15.9
24.6
15.5
12.9
(2)
17.9
19.0
12.2
11.0
(2)
22.3
5.6
12.4
13.2
(2)
10.5
11.4
7.9
8.6
(2)
9.4
5.5
24.0
33.2
(2)
19.3
15.2
311
366
(2)
289
251
1.12
1.08
(2)
(2)
1.26
1 Ratio of earnings of workers covered by labor-management agreements to those not covered by
agreements.
workers in cell.
2 Base less than 300,000 or percent less than 0.1.
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
Dashes (-) indicate no
Table 12. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, Wlay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
age
years
years
over
Both sexes
All occupations1 ..............................................
87,480
22,493
117
2,874
6,767
4,990
7,490
256
37.7
64,986
2,643
14,433
17,330
12,098
16,562
1,920
33.8
White-collar occupations ......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
45,955
8,483
37
915
2,839
1,983
2,594
115
37.2
37,472
713
6,872
10,882
7,797
10,233
974
35.3
14,436
3,997
4
279
1,522
1,013
1,132
47
36.5
10,439
44
1,404
3,788
2,424
2,563
216
34.8
8,953
17,507
5,059
868
3,365
253
2
26
5
45
544
47
243
994
80
223
708
40
341
1,046
75
15
47
6
42.2
37.1
34.1
8,086
14,142
4,805
7
407
256
684
3,720
1,065
2,184
3,700
1,210
2,002
2,517
853
2,967
3,492
1,211
241
307
211
40.5
32.8
33.9
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred w orkers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
28,414
11,083
836
11,763
4,571
284
63
6
2
1,659
475
38
3,361
1,343
103
2,532
1,033
50
4,061
1,687
91
87
28
37.6
38.8
34.9
16,651
6,512
552
700
76
9
4,653
1,464
171
4,348
1,939
173
2,756
1,215
70
3,848
1,702
119
346
116
11
31.3
33.8
29.5
2,212
4,234
13,208
9,982
2,719
1,116
1,815
5,743
4,229
1,168
2
114
185
837
669
104
368
505
1,618
1,188
328
232
436
1,251
866
312
388
684
1,978
1,457
416
11
4
44
36
8
37.1
39.4
37.7
37.3
39.3
1,096
2,419
7,465
5,753
1,551
21
28
210
177
29
287
624
2,080
1,616
409
323
793
1,927
1,465
417
183
414
1,302
1,013
269
262
525
1,785
1,372
381
20
37
161
109
47
31.7
31.8
31.7
31.5
33.0
507
4,123
771
836
2,516
346
1,448
265
436
747
39
64
347
46
84
217
102
400
77
130
194
74
248
40
100
107
105
396
95
118
183
15
3
5
8
35.7
32.2
35.2
34.6
30.0
161
2,674
506
400
1,768
3
414
27
16
371
55
1,109
239
160
711
46
482
106
95
280
20
239
56
52
131
32
361
76
73
212
5
69
3
5
62
27.7
23.7
24.8
27.3
22.5
12,074
2,221
17
296
558
470
828
52
39.7
9,853
1,127
2,629
1,895
1,378
2,271
553
30.9
All occupations1 ..............................................
49,348
15,302
77
1,931
4,566
3,363
5,210
154
37.9
34,046
1,430
7,158
9,245
6,252
8,877
1,085
34.1
White-collar occupations ......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm .........................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers................................
20,725
3,923
13
330
1,233
942
1,350
56
38.9
16,803
196
2,109
5,022
3,766
5,172
537
37.4
7,783
1,836
99
661
497
560
19
37.6
5,948
23
633
2,091
1,406
1,668
126
36.0
6,626
3,497
2,819
697
1,272
118
1
10
2
32
178
20
191
339
42
185
242
18
278
477
35
10
25
2
42.3
39.9
34.5
5,929
2,225
2,701
4
77
92
399
582
495
1,540
596
793
1,536
307
518
2,262
557
685
188
105
118
41.4
32.6
34.9
Blue-collar workers...........................
Craft and kindred workers.........................
Carpenters ............................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters..............................
Mechanics and repairers.............................
23,071
10,484
824
10,059
4,433
282
53
6
2
1,433
455
38
2,951
1,302
101
2,135
995
50
3,423
1,650
91
64
26
37.2
38.8
35.0
13,012
6,051
542
627
71
9
3,817
1,364
160
3,431
1,797
173
2,014
1,127
70
2,851
1,587
119
271
105
11
30.4
33.8
29.6
2,187
4,131
1,103
1,780
2
110
177
365
493
228
426
387
679
11
4
37.2
39.4
1,084
2,351
20
28
283
606
318
767
181
399
261
517
20
35
31.9
31.8
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
-
15
13
-
2
43
3
-
_
-
Men
See footnotes at end of table.
-
-
Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Men—Continued
36.6
35.4
39.7
4,598
3,068
1,377
169
137
29
1,451
1,015
382
1,229
819
367
697
468
211
954
576
346
98
52
41
29.5
28.4
32.5
15
3
5
8
35.5
32.3
35.4
34.0
30.1
154
2,363
494
325
1,544
3
387
25
16
347
54
1,001
232
131
638
42
405
105
77
223
17
191
53
41
97
32
311
76
56
178
5
68
3
5
61
27.7
23.3
25.0
27.1
21.8
432
32
38.4
3,396
521
1,012
625
334
673
231
27.5
2,913
4,590
137
37.9
30,711
1,311
6,393
8,286
5,638
8,111
970
34.2
1,103
844
1,218
54
39.1
15,767
172
1,935
4,655
3,531
4,962
512
37.7
81
601
453
512
19
37.7
5,524
21
593
1,932
1,287
1,583
108
36.1
1
7
2
29
136
16
180
283
39
162
213
16
259
416
31
10
23
2
42.5
40.8
34.6
5,716
1,929
2,597
3
62
85
383
496
464
1,460
502
762
1,482
261
500
2,201
507
671
187
102
116
41.6
33.2
35.1
46
4
2
1,285
412
36
2,567
1,198
96
1,844
902
47
3,017
1,537
87
57
26
37.3
39.1
34.9
11,457
5,530
498
590
65
9
3,420
1,268
152
3,004
1,651
163
1,732
1,005
62
2,480
1,444
107
232
97
7
30.1
33.6
29.0
94
165
593
437
96
332
454
1,066
737
246
214
386
765
465
242
357
628
1,191
781
327
11
4
19
11
8
37.6
39.5
36.5
35.5
39.2
940
2,172
3,919
2,644
1,166
18
25
157
128
26
258
568
1,261
896
328
279
712
1,029
693
304
152
361
583
389
182
212
471
799
489
289
20
35
90
48
37
31.4
31.7
29.2
28.1
32.3
30
60
280
40
65
176
82
303
62
94
146
58
177
32
69
75
82
290
75
84
131
12
2
4
6
35.0
31.4
35.1
34.1
29.4
109
2,009
420
256
1,333
3
368
24
14
330
37
891
208
115
567
32
324
91
57
176
12
144
37
27
80
20
237
58
39
140
5
45
3
3
39
27.8
22.6
24.5
26.2
21.3
11
131
308
224
350
26
38.2
2,774
467
840
478
273
527
190
26.9
666
501
100
1,277
879
298
916
560
286
1,404
908
398
35
64
312
46
74
192
100
373
76
120
178
70
224
40
83
100
99
368
95
102
171
1,296
11
165
374
282
44,085
13,375
67
1,681
3,986
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ..........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
19,257
3,490
10
261
7,191
1,666
6,357
3,007
2,701
641
1,078
105
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
20,273
9,608
765
8,816
4,078
268
1,950
3,811
7,561
5,084
2,087
1,009
1,639
3,642
2,440
920
391
3,104
634
572
1,898
282
1,096
214
316
565
3,825
1,051
8,893
5,940
2,467
4,295
2,872
1,090
487
3,694
757
708
2,228
333
1,331
264
383
684
4,693
All occupations' ...............................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
9
9
-
39
3
-
23
15
8
_
White men
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
-
9
9
-
33
3
-
-
Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
age
years
over
Black and other men
All occupations’ ..............................................
5,262
1,927
11
250
580
449
621
17
37.3
3,335
119
764
959
613
765
115
33.3
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
1,469
433
3
68
130
98
132
1
37.1
1,036
25
174
366
235
211
25
34.1
593
170
-
18
60
44
48
-
36.9
423
2
40
159
119
86
18
35.1
269
490
117
56
194
13
-
3
43
5
11
56
3
24
29
2
19
61
4
-
41.5
35.6
34.0
213
296
104
16
7
17
86
31
81
95
32
54
45
18
61
50
14
1
4
2
37.8
30.2
28.4
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
2,797
876
58
1,243
355
15
384
103
6
291
93
3
405
114
4
-
36.8
36.6
40.7
1,555
521
44
38
6
-
148
43
2
396
96
8
427
146
10
283
122
9
371
142
12
40
8
5
32.9
35.7
42.0
237
320
1,332
856
380
93
141
653
433
170
-
16
12
73
65
4
33
39
211
142
51
13
40
151
95
44
29
50
214
127
71
33.3
38.4
37.4
35.1
41.9
144
179
679
423
211
2
3
12
9
3
25
38
190
118
54
39
55
200
126
63
30
38
114
80
29
49
45
155
86
57
96
589
123
136
330
51
235
49
67
119
-
5
32
7
9
16
18
70
14
25
31
12
47
8
14
25
17
78
20
18
40
1
40.4
35.5
36.0
33.7
38.0
45
354
73
70
211
20
2
1
17
17
110
24
16
71
11
81
14
20
47
5
47
16
14
17
868
245
-
34.
65
58
82
6
39.3
623
54
172
147
All occupations’ ..............................................
38,132
7,191
40
943
2,200
1,627
2,280
102
37.3
30,940
1,213
7,276
White-collar occupations ......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ...................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers..................................................
25,229
4,560
24
585
1,606
1,042
1,244
59
35.7
20,669
517
6,652
2,161
4
180
861
517
572
27
35.5
4,491
2,327
14,010
2,240
171
2,093
135
16
4
13
366
27
52
654
38
37
466
22
62
569
40
5
22
5
41.7
35.6
33.4
Blue-collar workers.........................................:....
Craft and kindred workers ..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters..............................
Mechanics and repairers...........................
5,343
599
12
1,704
138
1
226
20
_
410
41
1
-
638
37
23
2
25
103
13
35
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
3
7
2
2
5
5
1
7
4
4
3
1
(2)
(2)
_
_
8
4
4
36.4
33.5
31.4
30.5
33.6
12
73
17
17
38
(2)
23
_
2
21
27.6
29.0
34.0
30.0
27.1
62
146
41
30.0
8,085
5,847
7,685
835
33.4
4,763
5,861
4,031
5,061
437
33.4
21
770
1,697
1,019
895
90
32.9
2,156
11,917
2,105
4
329
164
285
3,138
570
643
3,103
417
466
2,210
336
705
2,935
526
53
201
93
38.0
32.8
32.4
39.9
38.6
27.0
3,639
461
11
73
5
837
100
11
917
142
_
742
88
997
115
_
74
10
34.7
33.7
21.3
32.0
31.0
12
68
4
17
5
26
2
15
1
8
-
(2)
Women
See footnotes at end of table.
(2)
10
-
4
8
3
12
397
38
5
9
_
_
2
5
_
-
-
(2)
_
_
_
2
24.7
29.4
Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Women—Continued
342
309
31
335
306
25
574
549
18
4
24
6
28
4
10
25
2
27
1
10
16
925
6
131
33,059
5,801
34
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
22,636
3,792
5,866
1,835
2,154
12,530
2,086
140
1,698
119
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters............................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
4,463
523
8
1,379
120
1
4,315
4,043
252
1,448
1,357
78
21
429
14
128
287
13
118
1
53
63
7,382
All occupations1 ..............................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
6
4
“
2
4
-
172
168
4
35
-
-
-
“
40.8
41.5
35.8
2,867
2,685
174
-
39.0
31.7
30.0
37.6
29.0
7
311
12
75
224
21
21
40
40
629
601
27
698
646
49
606
545
58
25
1
108
6
29
73
3
77
1
19
57
3
48
3
11
34
“
62
57
5
831
796
35
35.9
35.8
36.7
1
27.5
26.6
22.0
28.3
26.8
1,598
321
32.6
5,105
6,825
723
33.3
5,190
3,678
4,808
422
33.8
707
1,494
915
816
80
33.0
3
290
151
270
2,789
517
584
2,735
378
434
2,007
322
673
2,811
508
50
201
91
38.3
33.4
33.1
69
5
725
85
7
732
116
“
625
82
“
869
104
“
64
10
34.9
33.8
23.0
1
8
720
686
34
-
-
-
27
2
-
18
6
16
12
184
188
396
20
41.6
6,457
606
1,617
1,270
1,044
793
1,753
1,275
1,854
92
37.4
27,258
1,116
6,507
6,982
20
496
1,303
846
1,071
55
36.0
18,844
463
4,283
2
160
741
425
482
25
35.4
4,032
19
15
4
13
300
24
42
489
32
32
369
20
50
504
36
4
22
5
42.2
36.8
33.7
2,014
10,832
1,967
188
18
“
316
36
1
317
34
526
30
-
23
2
40.2
38.0
27.0
3,084
403
7
-
1
50
16
34
-
White women
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
24
87
3,561
3,319
224
12
28
1,164
1,089
63
18
379
14
114
251
11
95
1
46
48
5,820
631
-
10
-
-
2
11
264
237
26
5
7
261
238
20
2
3
472
453
14
-
4
22
5
23
-
4
10
20
1
16
1
7
8
15
6
14
10
-
4
108
134
112
257
6
4
2
4
-
4
6
140
136
4
_
30
_
_
21
21
”
14
31.0
30.5
41.2
42.0
35.4
12
59
2,397
2,229
161
39.0
30.8
30.0
37.5
28.3
7
284
12
68
203
40.5
5,190
-
C)
4
15
537
510
26
5
22
547
502
42
2
13
500
442
55
22
1
103
6
27
70
3
69
1
16
51
3
42
3
8
31
572
1,446
1,031
784
-
40
40
23
2
44
_
16
28
1,121
“
2
53
49
4
24.7
29.0
36.2
36.2
37.1
1
27.5
26.0
22.0
27.5
26.2
236
30.3
_
1
-
Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other women
All occupations1 ..............................................
5,072
1,390
6
150
447
353
425
10
37.0
3,682
97
769
1,103
741
860
112
33.6
White-collar occupations ......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
2,593
768
4
89
303
196
173
4
34.3
1,825
55
480
670
352
253
15
30.4
786
327
2
20
120
92
91
2
36.5
459
1
63
203
103
78
10
32.7
173
1,480
154
30
395
16
11
165
7
5
97
2
12
65
5
2
40.0
32.5
31.0
143
1,085
138
1
39
13
15
349
53
60
368
39
32
204
14
32
124
18
3
66
3
34.9
28.9
25.7
39.0
42.0
_
555
58
4
_
-
3
-
112
15
4
_
_
-
42.0
36.0
39.4
39.4
38.0
-
_
-
-
-
-
1
102
96
4
4
152
144
8
2
105
103
3
(2)
111
111
(2)
1
5
2
3
-
45.0
34.0
38.0
32.7
-
_
_
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers.................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers.................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers..............................
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
' Includes farm workers not shown separately.
2 Fewer than 500 workers.
-
(2)
1
-
_
881
76
4
326
18
-
1
15
754
724
28
1
7
285
268
15
-
-
2
50
14
36
2
23
7
15
-
-
1,561
294
94
6
39
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
1
10
3
7
22
50
5
-
2
1
2
78
72
5
2
32
32
-
80
4
2
74
68
5
2
2
75
113
6
(2)
139
-
_
6
43.5
8
469
456
13
2
92
91
1
_
28
7
21
1,267
3
185
26
117
6
-
3
5
2
3
8
2
5
6
3
3
34
171
239
260
-
128
11
_
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
workers in cell.
6
6
477
(2)
2
_
_
10
_
10
8
2
-
34.3
33.4
20.0
_
32.0
34.7
34.8
29.0
32.0
32.0
31.0
85
42.3
Dashes (-) indicate no
Table 13. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupfion, labor organization membership, sex and race, SVlay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers not in labor organization
Workers in labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Both sexes
All occupations1 ..............................................
87,480
20,095
94
2,493
5,960
4,478
6,844
227
38.0
67,384
2,666
14,814
18,137
12,610
17,208
1,949
33.8
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ..........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
45,955
7,017
30
724
2,305
1,653
2,208
98
37.5
38,938
720
7,064
11,416
8,128
10,619
991
35.3
14,436
3,272
4
210
1,239
839
947
34
36.7
11,163
44
1,473
4,071
2,599
2,748
229
34.8
8,953
17,507
5,059
681
2,857
207
22
5
39
443
31
181
819
65
178
606
30
270
923
69
13
44
6
42.7
37.7
34.3
8,272
14,650
4,852
9
411
256
690
3,821
1,080
2,245
3,875
1,225
2,047
2,619
863
3,038
3,616
1,217
244
309
211
40.5
32.8
33.9
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
28,414
11,083
836
11,101
4,308
276
1,507
429
36
3,153
1,268
102
2,415
969
48
3,892
1,612
89
83
26
38.0
39.0
35.0
17,313
6,775
560
711
78
10
4,806
1,510
173
4,556
2,014
173
2,873
1,279
72
4,017
1,777
120
350
118
11
31.4
33.9
29.4
2,212
4,234
13,208
9,982
2,719
1,076
1,729
5,429
3,990
1,104
103
171
761
607
94
355
478
1,506
1,106
299
222
415
1,203
827
305
384
661
1,907
1,406
398
11
4
42
34
8
37.4
39.7
38.2
37.8
39.7
1,136
2,504
7,780
5,993
1,615
21
28
214
181
29
298
638
2,156
1,678
419
336
820
2,040
1,548
446
194
435
1,351
1,052
276
266
547
1,855
1,422
399
21
37
163
112
47
31.8
31.9
31.7
31.5
33.0
507
4,123
771
836
2,516
335
1,365
254
420
691
36
60
316
41
80
195
101
380
75
127
178
71
243
40
96
107
103
373
93
113
167
15
3
5
8
35.9
32.6
35.9
34.6
30.1
172
2,758
517
416
1,825
5
418
29
16
374
59
1,140
243
164
733
46
502
109
98
296
23
243
56
56
131
34
384
78
78
229
5
69
3
5
62
27.6
23.8
24.8
27.4
22.7
12,074
1,954
12
259
495
407
737
45
39.8
10,120
1,132
2,667
1,958
1,441
2,363
560
31.1
All occupations1 ..............................................
49,348
14,039
64
1,727
4,163
3,090
4,856
140
38.1
35,308
1,444
7,362
9,649
6,524
9,231
1,099
34.2
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ..........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
20,725
3,314
10
276
1,029
795
1,154
49
39.1
17,411
199
2,163
5,225
3,913
5,368
544
37.5
7,783
1,513
-
76
542
420
462
14
37.8
6,271
23
657
2,210
1,482
1,766
131
36.0
6,626
3,497
2,819
558
1,149
93
-
28
158
15
151
306
31
151
210
14
220
442
31
8
25
2
42.3
40.3
34.8
6,068
2,347
2,725
5
79
92
404
602
500
1,580
630
804
1,570
338
522
2,320
592
689
189
106
118
41.4
32.9
34.9
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters............................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
23,071
10,484
824
9,545
4,190
275
1,302
412
36
2,789
1,232
101
2,046
935
48
3,299
1,581
89
63
25
37.6
39.0
35.1
13,526
6,294
549
635
73
10
3,947
1,407
163
3,593
1,866
173
2,103
1,187
72
2,975
1,656
120
273
106
11
30.5
34.0
29.6
2,187
4,131
1,065
1,697
100
162
353
467
217
407
382
656
11
4
37.5
39.7
1,121
2,434
20
28
293
621
330
793
192
418
266
539
21
35
32.0
32.0
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
-
52
4
-
2
-
10
10
-
-
38
2
-
-
-
Men
footnotes at end of table.
Digitized forSee
FRASER
9
2
45
4
-
2
-
Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, sex and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Men—Continued
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
8,893
5,940
2,467
4,100
2,733
1,042
487
3,694
757
708
2,228
325
1,255
253
369
633
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
4,693
All occupations' ..............................................
7
7
607
457
90
1,200
822
279
890
539
281
1,373
893
384
33
60
283
41
69
172
99
357
74
117
166
70
221
40
81
100
96
344
93
97
155
1,160
8
145
337
246
44,085
12,261
55
1,508
3,619
White-collar occupations ......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm .......................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
19,257
2,943
9
217
7,191
1,382
-
6,357
3,007
2,701
510
970
82
-
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters .......................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers..........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ..............................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction..........................................
Manufacturing..................................................
All other nonfarm laborers..............................
20,273
9,608
765
8,364
3,850
260
1,950
3,811
7,561
5,084
2,087
974
1,564
3,479
2,323
878
391
3,104
634
572
1,898
278
1,035
206
307
523
3,825
940
22
14
8
37.2
35.9
40.0
4,793
3,207
1,425
171
138
29
1,510
1,060
392
1,306
876
387
723
489
216
985
590
360
99
53
41
29.6
28.4
32.6
15
3
5
8
35.6
32.7
36.0
34.2
30.3
161
2,439
505
339
1,595
3
392
27
16
349
59
1,031
237
136
658
43
421
107
79
235
18
193
53
43
97
34
334
78
61
195
5
68
3
5
61
27.6
23.4
24.9
27.2
21.9
397
27
38.5
3,532
524
1,032
662
370
708
237
27.9
2,681
4,275
123
38.1
31,824
1,323
6,567
8,653
5,871
8,426
984
34.2
914
718
1,039
47
39.3
16,313
173
1,980
4,844
3,657
5,140
519
37.7
61
495
387
425
14
37.9
5,809
21
614
2,039
1,353
1,669
114
36.1
25
119
12
140
251
28
134
184
12
202
385
27
8
23
2
42.4
41.2
34.6
5,848
2,037
2,619
4
62
85
387
512
468
1,499
534
772
1,510
290
504
2,259
538
675
188
102
116
41.6
33.4
35.1
1,169
374
34
2,421
1,132
95
1,770
847
46
2,910
1,469
85
56
25
37.6
39.2
35.0
11,910
5,758
506
597
67
10
3,536
1,306
154
3,149
1,717
163
1,805
1,060
63
2,588
1,512
108
233
97
7
30.3
33.8
29.0
86
152
540
396
87
321
430
999
688
229
204
371
748
453
237
353
606
1,167
769
316
11
4
18
10
8
37.8
39.8
37.1
36.0
39.6
975
2,247
4,082
2,760
1,209
18
25
159
129
26
267
581
1,314
937
337
291
736
1,096
743
321
162
376
600
400
187
217
494
822
502
300
21
35
91
49
37
31.5
31.9
29.2
28.1
32.4
27
57
255
35
62
158
81
290
62
92
136
58
175
32
67
75
82
273
73
81
119
12
2
4
6
35.2
31.8
36.0
34.4
29.5
113
2,069
429
265
1,376
3
372
25
14
333
40
916
213
118
585
32
336
91
59
186
12
146
37
29
80
20
254
60
42
152
5
45
3
3
39
27.5
22.7
24.3
26.3
21.4
8
118
277
194
322
21
38.2
2,885
470
853
509
303
555
195
27.4
“
-
34
2
-
-
White men
Service workers, including
private household..............................................
See footnotes at end of table.
7
2
38
2
-
7
7
-
29
2
-
-
-
Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, sex and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers not in labor organization
Workers in labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other men
All occupations1 ...............................................
5,262
1,778
9
219
543
409
581
17
37.6
3,484
120
795
996
653
805
115
33.4
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ..........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
1,469
371
2
59
116
78
115
1
37.0
1,098
26
183
381
256
227
25
34.3
593
131
-
15
47
33
36
-
36.9
461
2
44
172
129
97
18
35.2
269
490
117
49
179
11
-
3
38
3
11
55
3
17
26
2
18
57
4
-
42.0
35.0
36.0
220
310
106
17
7
17
90
33
81
96
32
60
49
18
62
54
14
1
4
2
37.9
30.5
28.2
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
2,797
876
58
1,181
340
15
133
38
2
368
100
6
276
88
3
389
112
4
37.1
37.0
40.7
1,616
536
44
38
6
411
101
8
444
149
10
297
127
9
387
144
12
40
8
5
32.9
35.5
42.0
33.1
39.1
37.9
35.4
42.0
146
187
712
447
216
2
3
12
9
3
26
40
195
122
54
39
57
210
134
65
30
42
123
89
30
49
45
163
88
60
1
40.0
35.3
36.0
33.7
36.7
49
369
76
74
220
20
2
1
17
19
115
24
18
73
11
85
16
20
49
5
47
16
14
17
2
7
2
-
7
-
(2)
-
8
4
4
36.2
33.4
31.6
30.6
33.7
14
80
17
19
43
(2)
23
2
21
27.8
29.3
34.0
30.0
27.4
67
153
41
30.1
8,488
6,086
7,977
850
33.4
4,901
6,191
4,215
5,251
447
33.4
21
816
1,861
1,116
982
97
33.0
2,204
12,303
2,127
4
332
164
286
3,218
580
665
3,245
421
477
2,280
341
717
3,024
528
54
203
93
38.0
32.8
32.4
40.4
39.0
27.0
3,787
481
11
76
5
859
103
11
963
148
-
770
92
-
1,042
121
-
77
12
34.8
33.8
21.3
34.0
30.3
14
71
5
17
6
27
2
17
1
8
14
10
67
61
3
32
37
201
134
50
13
36
142
86
44
29
50
206
124
67
-
3
27
7
7
14
18
67
12
25
30
12
47
8
14
25
14
71
20
16
35
-
27
60
53
75
6
40.1
647
54
179
153
30
766
1,798
1,388
1,988
87
37.8
32,076
1,223
7,453
3,703
20
448
1,275
857
1,054
49
36.1
21,526
521
6,652
1,760
4
134
698
419
485
20
35.8
4,893
2,327
14,010
2,240
123
1,707
113
13
4
12
285
17
30
513
34
26
396
16
50
480
38
5
20
5
44.3
36.2
33.7
5,343
599
12
1,557
118
1
205
17
-
364
35
1
369
34
-
593
31
-
20
-
0
25
103
11
32
”
3
8
2
11
5
7
2
5
“
237
320
1,332
856
380
91
133
621
409
164
96
589
123
136
330
48
220
47
62
111
-
868
221
-
All occupations1 ..............................................
38,132
6,056
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ..........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
25,229
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters............................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
1
2
' 5
5
4
4
-
3
1
(2)
-
(2)
Women
See footnotes at end of table.
-
6
(2)
~
2
24.7
29.8
Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, sex and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Women—Continued
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction......................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
4,315
4,043
252
1,329
1,257
62
21
429
14
128
287
10
110
1
51
58
7,382
All occupations’ ..............................................
3
3
-
154
151
4
306
284
20
4
10
23
2
23
1
10
12
794
4
113
33,059
4,838
25
White-collar occupations ......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers .........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
22,636
3,054
5,866
1,485
2,154
12,530
2,086
95
1,374
100
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred workers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives ......................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Construction..................................................
Manufacturing ........................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
4,463
523
8
1,254
104
1
24
87
3,561
3,319
224
10
25
1,060
1,004
48
18
379
14
114
251
8
90
1
44
45
5,820
530
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
4
-
33
-
-
313
287
24
534
513
15
2
22
-
6
28
19
19
-
-
-
-
41.2
41.7
36.6
2,986
2,786
190
45.0
32.0
31.0
37.3
29.3
11
319
13
77
230
44
42
646
618
27
734
671
60
628
563
59
2
27
2
25
1
110
6
29
75
3
81
2
19
60
5
50
3
13
34
_
35.9
35.9
36.3
1
1,654
323
32.8
5,310
7,073
738
33.4
5,467
3,839
4,980
432
33.8
746
1,641
995
893
87
33.1
3
293
151
271
2,855
525
605
2,840
382
444
2,072
327
685
2,892
510
51
203
91
38.3
33.4
33.1
73
5
747
88
7
769
120
_
648
86
904
109
_
67
12
34.8
34.1
23.0
5
15
555
527
26
6
23
580
525
52
2
15
518
456
56
1
8
751
713
38
22
1
105
6
27
72
3
70
2
16
52
5
45
3
10
31
574
1,464
1,049
804
16
12
158
161
341
18
41.9
6,588
609
1,635
1,296
1,071
639
1,421
1,070
1,606
77
37.9
28,221
1,125
6,660
7,315
17
382
1,026
685
899
45
36.5
19,582
466
4,397
2
120
594
346
405
18
35.6
4,381
19
11
4
12
234
17
21
384
28
22
303
14
38
423
34
3
20
5
44.4
37.5
33.6
2,059
11,156
1,985
166
15
-
279
33
1
293
30
-
20
_
40.8
38.0
27.0
3,209
419
7
3
6
123
119
4
1
10
231
214
15
5
5
243
223
18
2
3
441
426
10
-
33.0
29.0
41.9
42.5
36.4
14
62
2,501
2,314
177
2
20
5
23
_
45.0
31.0
31.0
37.0
28.7
11
288
13
70
206
41.1
5,291
-
64
59
5
27.5
26.8
22.5
29.0
26.8
15
6
-
870
832
38
-
_
50
16
34
1
_
_
White women
Service workers, including
private household................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
6
-
3
3
-
-
4
10
18
1
16
1
7
8
2
91
116
4
28
-
-
490
26
_
(2)
19
19
-
13
6
14
10
92
217
-
12
_
(2)
_
_
44
42
2
23
2
44
_
16
28
1,162
_
2
54
51
4
24.7
29.4
36.1
36.1
36.6
1
27.5
26.1
22.5
28.3
26.1
238
30.5
_
_
1
Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, se)t and race, H/Jay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers not in labor organization
Workers in labor organization
Occupation of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other women
All occupations’ ..............................................
5,072
1,218
5
126
377
318
381
10
37.5
3,855
97
792
1,173
776
904
112
33.7
White-collar occupations .......................................
Professional, technical,
and kindred workers ..........................................
Managers and administrators,
except farm ........................................................
Clerical and kindred workers..............................
Sales workers......................................................
2,593
649
3
65
249
172
155
4
34.9
1,945
55
503
724
376
271
15
30.5
786
275
2
14
103
73
80
2
37.3
512
1
69
220
122
89
10
32.8
173
1,480
154
28
333
13
10
129
7
4
93
2
12
58
4
2
42.0
33.1
34.0
145
1,147
141
1
39
13
15
363
56
61
404
39
33
208
14
32
132
18
3
52
35.0
29.2
25.6
Blue-collar workers................................................
Craft and kindred w orkers..................................
Carpenters ........................................................
Construction craft workers,
except carpenters...........................................
Mechanics and repairers..................................
Operatives and kindred workers........................
Operatives, except transport...........................
Drivers and delivery workers...........................
Other transport equipment
operatives........................................................
Nonfarm laborers................................................
Manufacturing...................................................
All other nonfarm laborers...............................
881
76
4
303
14
-
85
3
76
4
103
5
-
38.8
44.0
-
578
62
4
3
-
112
15
4
194
29
-
122
6
-
138
12
-
1
15
754
724
28
1
7
269
252
15
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
110
107
3
(1
2)
119
119
(2)
-
-
4
154
147
8
2
50
14
36
2
20
7
12
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,561
264
Service workers, including
private household.................................................
1 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
2 Fewer than 500 workers.
-
1
-
39
2
_
-
-
1
2
75
69
5
-
-
5
1
7
3
4
22
42
2
32
32
5
-
2
-
_
-
1
93
87
4
-
42.0
36.0
38.9
38.9
38.0
-
2
69
64
5
8
485
472
13
-
1
5
2
3
-
45.0
34.7
38.0
33.0
-
-
2
2
0
69
124
6
43.2
31
7
24
1,297
2
92
91
1
3
5
2
3
11
2
8
6
3
3
34
171
247
267
3
-
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
workers in cell.
6
6
492
0
2
10
-
10
8
2
34.5
33.2
20.0
32.0
35.1
35.2
29.0
32.0
32.0
31.0
85
42.4
Dashes (-) indicate no
Table 14. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Both sexes
All industries ..................................................
87,480
22,493
Agriculture...............................................................
1,455
55
Mining.....................................................................
892
314
Construction ...........................................................
4,982
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
117
2,874
6,767
4,990
7,490
256
37.7
64,986
2,643
14,433
17,330
12,098
16,562
1,920
33.8
12
21
7
13
2
35.6
1,400
137
397
310
221
272
63
28.9
1
59
91
76
85
1
35.0
578
3
128
200
105
134
8
31.8
1,651
8
207
529
313
569
24
36.9
3,331
67
915
956
561
780
51
31.8
20,976
12,546
2,769
2,779
2,031
951
676
404
4,966
7,309
4,720
1,329
851
1,135
600
341
194
1,404
8
1
1,004
638
139
138
126
45
42
38
236
1,990
1,293
392
240
291
169
72
50
369
1,629
1,059
292
171
281
155
85
41
315
2,624
1,700
495
295
430
228
140
62
481
54
28
11
8
6
3
38.5
38.5
39.2
37.6
39.4
39.5
41.2
36.7
37.4
13,667
7,826
1,440
1,928
896
351
335
210
3,562
168
71
8
21
6
2
2,659
1,473
244
362
133
42
44
48
733
3,713
2,212
413
581
221
90
68
64
997
2,885
1,685
311
386
213
94
78
41
775
4,027
2,288
445
555
319
124
142
53
969
215
97
19
22
4
52
35.7
35.5
36.3
34.8
38.2
38.4
41.5
33.9
34.9
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food .................................................................
Textiles ..............................................................
Apparel..............................................................
Paper ................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g o o ds..................................
8,430
1,674
786
1,298
751
1,433
1,240
1,028
2,589
670
140
353
380
308
352
307
365
104
25
31
46
52
52
48
697
177
25
70
106
81
117
89
570
146
34
71
103
70
67
67
924
235
53
168
125
101
116
99
38.6
37.5
39.5
44.9
38.9
38.6
36.9
38.0
5,841
1,004
646
945
371
1,125
888
721
5
1,186
229
139
179
53
278
116
177
1,500
241
146
249
100
282
273
181
1,200
208
126
197
87
216
202
133
1,739
292
207
292
121
270
285
208
118
18
17
15
9
29
14
17
36.0
34.7
37.2
36.8
38.3
33.3
38.3
35.6
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
5,469
3,241
1,447
1,359
2,634
1,681
776
657
276
165
92
64
861
494
302
227
653
431
169
144
830
578
213
217
4
37.3
38.8
34.9
37.5
2,835
1,561
672
703
28
19
7
2
497
300
94
113
891
467
232
216
623
340
156
148
761
408
180
218
35
28
4
5
34.9
34.7
34.6
36.1
T rade......................................................................
Wholesale ............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
17,401
3,419
13,981
1,896
432
1,465
-
498
70
428
516
131
385
314
92
222
472
134
338
20
4
16
31.9
36.4
30.9
15,504
2,988
12,517
1,461
31
1,430
4,518
541
3,977
3,609
950
2,659
2,244
586
1,658
3,194
778
2,416
477
102
376
29.5
35.1
27.9
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
5,152
250
-
57
68
40
80
5
35.0
4,902
74
1,039
1,396
1,000
1,246
147
34.7
Services.............................................
Business and repair.......................................
Personal services ............................
Private household services............................
Other personal services.......................... .......
25,123
2,902
2,868
1,214
1,653
5,719
332
247
9
238
527
72
47
47
1,844
93
43
1,351
73
50
2
48
1,867
92
93
4
89
111
2
6
2
4
38.1
35.6
37.9
46.0
37.7
19,404
2,570
2,620
1,205
1,415
669
70
237
176
61
3,855
672
485
177
309
5,347
729
554
158
396
3,712
468
360
134
225
5,008
535
766
408
359
813
95
218
153
65
34.7
31.9
35.5
41.2
33.6
See footnotes at end of table.
-
1
1
-
7
2
2
3
-
(’)
-
0
1
-
(’)
0
77
77
20
9
2
7
-
43
-
3
3
26
5
1
11
(’)
4
-
3
14
13
_
-
4
35
98
17
11
14
2
50
_
_
4
0
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Both sexes—Continued
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
902
18,451
8,062
3,901
6,489
140
5,000
3,421
841
737
Forestry and fisheries...........................................
87
14
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
State .....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
5,364
1,795
691
972
1,906
2,172
488
570
309
805
All industries ..................................................
49,348
15,302
Agriculture...............................................................
1,141
45
M ining.....................................................................
770
301
Construction ...........................................................
4,567
1,622
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries ................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
14,334
9,305
2,258
2,210
1,659
801
498
360
3,179
5,671
3,864
1,193
749
964
521
269
174
958
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable goods..................................
5,029
1,182
429
300
580
847
915
596
1,806
532
84
74
323
239
285
195
6
5
5
( 1)
-
24
383
176
119
88
44
1,663
1,149
274
241
31
1,197
861
174
163
23
1,660
1,167
261
232
2
4
2
5
12
91
64
13
14
-
35.2
38.3
38.7
37.2
37.0
762
13,452
4,641
3,059
5,751
100
261
107
31
122
261
2,437
807
603
1,027
154
3,910
1,264
1,024
1,622
83
2,802
1,046
602
1,153
124
3,583
1,299
746
1,537
36.0
73
3
16
22
20
11
30.9
12
16
400
134
5
103
158
864
360
27
175
302
704
318
30
143
213
1,084
473
53
210
349
34,046
1,430
7,158
9,245
6,252
8,877
1,085
34.1
36.7
1,096
110
301
242
170
213
59
28.9
1
35.6
468
89
164
87
122
6
32.6
556
24
36.9
2,945
63
823
851
474
685
49
31.4
1,251
848
273
145
239
138
66
34
192
2,006
1,396
449
260
373
199
120
54
314
36
25
9
8
6
3
38.1
38.3
39.5
37.3
39.8
39.7
42.9
36.0
35.6
8,663
5,441
1,065
1,461
694
280
229
185
2,221
106
44
4
19
4
1,532
939
181
249
91
28
22
41
418
2,346
1,519
292
425
162
69
38
55
641
1,881
1,219
227
318
165
76
56
34
509
2,630
1,642
344
430
268
107
110
51
601
168
76
16
20
4
36
36.4
36.2
36.9
35.9
39.4
40.2
44.8
34.7
35.3
402
119
19
14
90
53
54
40
609
180
30
33
106
82
93
59
37.7
37.0
38.0
43.3
39.2
39.6
36.8
36.1
3,222
650
345
226
258
608
630
401
592
145
71
30
27
145
69
99
827
172
75
68
69
137
183
102
661
126
69
45
61
118
146
73
988
181
111
69
90
148
218
118
92
16
14
11
9
22
14
6
36.8
33.6
38.1
37.3
40.9
33.8
40.4
35.7
2
680
150
150
80
300
513
125
123
73
192
766
174
241
114
237
22
3
8
3
7
39.2
39.1
43.3
39.4
36.8
3,192
1,307
122
662
1,100
77
1,931
4,566
3,363
5,210
154
37.9
-
10
17
6
11
2
-
55
86
75
83
8
201
523
310
4
790
524
125
119
106
40
29
38
175
1,585
1,071
337
218
240
141
53
46
276
265
86
16
10
32
42
40
33
514
141
17
15
94
57
98
61
-
2
26.3
35.4
36.1
33.9
107
18
7
19
63
188
36
47
39
66
2
-
40
459
117
52
290
33
5
-
38.9
39.0
45.2
37.4
38.6
Wien
See footnotes at end of table.
-
4
2
-
2
-
0
(1)
-
3
1
11
4
1
-
0
4
-
1
0
-
4
16
62
11
6
4
1
37
-
3
-
4
0
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor Organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
65 years
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Men—Continued
0
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
3,947
2,578
798
1,114
2,005
1,487
395
574
T rade.......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
9,305
2,562
6,743
1,241
376
865
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
1,982
144
-
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
9,260
1,882
793
188
606
531
6,053
2,795
935
2,324
2,235
246
121
2
119
91
1,778
1,248
240
290
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
68
11
-
Public administration.............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
S ta te ....................................................................
Local....................................................................
3,431
1,053
520
586
1,272
1,575
317
455
194
609
-
See footnotes at end of table.
191
142
41
51
608
424
141
195
510
374
86
134
683
535
125
192
324
64
260
355
122
234
192
75
118
20
37
194
54
24
706
77
24
-
55
55
7
-
2
-
-
24
16
99
50
36
13
-
O
2
2
3
38.6
39.5
36.1
38.0
1,943
1,091
403
539
22
15
4
2
321
208
46
78
568
311
118
159
440
230
111
120
566
303
124
177
307
115
191
7
1
7
31.4
35.6
30.0
8,064
2,186
5,879
767
24
744
2,259
361
1,897
2,019
689
1,330
1,145
443
702
27
56
4
40.4
1,838
31
238
514
757
65
42
49
2
2
24
27
578
403
83
91
522
48
25
2
23
19
430
316
42
72
38.7
33.8
36.8
42.0
36.6
36.9
39.4
39.5
36.7
40.3
7,024
1,636
673
186
487
440
4,275
1,547
694
2,034
312
55
88
57
30
57
112
59
13
41
1,401
418
157
50
108
154
671
297
128
246
4
2
5
36.5
57
3
492
95
113
52
232
383
82
93
52
156
576
122
210
77
168
39.9
39.9
44.8
40.8
36.9
1,856
736
65
392
663
15
-
2
2
3
3
103
15
33
12
44
12
11
-
-
-
42
20
631
449
72
109
2
7
37
26
6
5
17
3
6
1
7
8
7
25
23
3
35.8
34.9
36.8
37.4
1,612
586
1,025
263
83
180
29.6
35.9
27.1
399
555
101
38.3
1,998
451
157
21
136
88
1,302
445
275
582
1,204
309
64
7
57
31
800
285
93
421
1,771
330
161
32
130
79
1,200
430
165
606
338
74
45
20
25
30
189
31
21
137
34.2
32.4
31.2
21.7
33.0
26.3
35.7
35.0
33.4
37.2
8
18
17
10
1
32.5
176
36
1
49
90
503
203
14
99
187
415
182
12
84
137
673
304
31
138
200
73
11
6
14
43
40.1
41.3
48.9
39.1
38.6
-
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
White men
All industries ..................................................
44,085
13,375
Agriculture...............................................................
991
39
M ining......................................................................
729
287
Construction ...........................................................
4,139
1,470
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
12,836
8,364
2,008
2,080
1,468
718
445
304
2,809
4,945
3,392
1,037
691
824
449
231
144
840
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum................................
Other nondurable g oods..................................
4,472
1,054
352
246
522
775
814
548
1,554
451
72
56
280
209
255
169
»
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
3,507
2,261
729
1,004
1,756
1,293
356
509
Trade......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
8,447
2,335
6,112
1,066
307
760
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
1,805
115
-
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services........................ ..........
8,089
1,671
641
146
495
1,926
206
99
2
97
See footnotes at end of table.
67
137
37.9
30,711
1,311
6,393
8,286
5,638
8,111
970
34.2
-
31.0
952
108
271
218
134
171
50
27.9
1
35.8
442
83
155
82
116
6
32.7
506
21
37.0
2,670
56
758
789
411
610
45
31.0
1,073
722
228
131
201
118
53
30
162
1,774
1,257
397
250
328
174
109
45
282
32
20
5
8
6
3
38.3
38.6
39.6
37.8
40.1
39.7
44.0
36.8
35.9
7,890
4,972
971
1,388
644
269
215
160
1,969
100
42
4
17
4
-
1,370
843
168
235
86
28
20
37
355
2,081
1,353
255
391
145
65
33
47
562
1,727
1,122
203
310
147
73
50
24
462
2,457
1,542
328
416
257
103
108
46
540
155
71
13
20
4
34
36.8
36.6
37.3
36.2
40.2
40.4
46.8
34.7
35.6
442
121
14
11
76
49
86
55
351
106
17
9
82
44
48
36
517
148
25
26
91
73
87
48
37.8
37.2
38.0
44.3
39.6
39.8
37.3
36.0
2,918
603
280
190
242
566
560
379
3
527
133
54
24
27
134
62
85
728
162
56
50
63
131
150
98
605
111
54
40
59
112
136
70
916
170
99
63
84
134
200
116
84
16
12
11
7
20
12
6
37.1
33.3
39.4
38.4
40.8
33.8
40.8
36.1
163
129
27
46
524
359
128
172
436
315
80
112
621
479
122
177
1,751
968
373
494
19
13
4
2
286
176
41
78
500
267
108
143
395
211
102
101
528
280
118
168
23
22
-
38.8
39.6
37.0
38.0
3
36.1
35.5
36.8
37.4
294
58
237
307
100
207
159
60
99
251
89
162
7
31.1
35.4
29.8
7,380
2,028
5,352
710
23
687
2,044
330
1,713
1,842
641
1,201
1,042
400
642
1,501
556
944
242
77
165
29.7
36.1
27.2
14
28
21
47
4
41.1
1,691
19
218
463
375
520
96
38.7
155
51
21
615
64
20
452
39
18
2
16
654
53
35
45
38.7
32.4
37.0
42.0
36.5
6,163
1,464
543
144
398
282
54
78
55
23
1,208
357
136
47
89
1,762
399
130
15
115
1,069
281
57
3
54
1,560
303
114
18
96
282
71
29
7
22
34.2
32.8
30.1
19.9
32.0
1,681
3,986
2,913
4,590
-
10
17
3
9
-
50
81
74
81
6
184
470
282
4
695
467
114
111
87
33
22
31
155
1,368
926
293
191
203
120
47
35
239
228
71
15
8
30
38
34
28
-
-
4
2
2
(')
-
0
-
48
48
6
-
2
-
-
2
-
21
20
-
-
3
1
11
4
1
(1)
4
-
1
12
11
3
7
-
2
-
35
2
0
-
4
16
58
11
6
3
1
34
-
-
4
0
-
Table 14. C©ntinued--Age distribution of employed! wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sen, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
White men—Continued
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
484
5,293
2,466
719
2,107
84
1,537
1,144
147
246
2
1
1
-
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
61
10
-
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal .......................................
Postal ..................................................................
S ta te ....................................................................
L ocal....................................................................
2,994
896
427
542
1,129
1,358
255
373
182
549
All industries ..................................................
5,262
1,927
Agriculture...............................................................
151
6
-
Mining.....................................................................
41
14
-
Construction ...........................................................
428
153
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
1,498
941
249
131
191
83
53
55
370
725
473
156
58
140
72
38
30
118
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food .................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g o o ds..................................
557
128
77
54
59
71
100
48
253
81
12
18
43
30
30
26
16
67
36
22
9
24
508
379
52
76
17
378
290
23
65
18
548
411
46
91
4
1
5
2
76
8
25
10
33
438
86
88
50
215
343
66
81
52
144
485
94
174
69
148
11
250
580
449
-
-
0
2
-
7
36
26
5
5
36.9
39.4
39.5
36.9
40.6
400
3,756
1,322
572
1,862
54
97
45
12
40
140
575
247
107
221
81
1,152
388
228
536
29
703
248
67
389
70
1,073
367
142
564
35.0
51
3
6
18
15
10
14
2
5
1
7
39.6
39.3
45.5
40.5
36.6
1,636
641
54
360
581
15
8
7
142
31
1
46
64
440
175
10
89
166
369
162
10
79
118
601
263
27
127
184
69
11
6
12
41
40.4
41.4
50.0
39.6
39.0
621
17
37.3
3,335
119
764
959
613
765
115
33.3
3
2
2
47.3
144
2
31
24
36
43
9
38.4
31.0
26
5
9
5
7
-
-
26
156
27
16
113
26.1
35.8
35.2
33.3
37.3
-
33.2
Black and other men
See footnotes at end of table.
2
_
-
_
-
-
-
5
6
2
2
17
53
27
50
3
36.0
276
6
65
62
63
76
3
35.5
95
57
11
7
19
6
7
6
20
217
145
44
26
38
21
6
10
37
178
126
45
14
38
20
14
5
30
232
140
52
10
45
25
12
9
32
4
4
4
36.1
35.8
39.3
33.7
36.7
39.5
36.0
32.7
34.8
772
468
93
73
51
11
15
25
251
6
2
162
96
14
14
6
2
4
63
265
166
36
34
16
4
5
8
79
154
98
24
8
18
3
6
9
47
173
101
16
14
10
4
2
5
61
13
5
3
33.2
33.0
34.8
30.0
34.9
32.0
35.0
34.7
32.8
38
15
1
2
2
4
6
5
72
21
4
4
18
7
12
6
51
14
2
5
8
9
6
4
92
32
5
7
15
9
6
11
36.7
34.8
38.0
38.0
35.5
38.7
31.0
38.0
304
47
65
36
16
42
70
22
66
12
17
6
99
10
19
18
6
6
33
4
56
14
15
5
2
6
10
2
72
11
12
7
6
14
18
2
-
0
_
-
-
-
2
4
-
0
-
3
-
-
11
7
14
32.0
-
3
8
-
2
-
2
2
2
-
33.8
37.2
31.0
32.8
42.0
35.0
34.0
25.5
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sen, and race, May 19®0
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other men—Continued
—
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation.....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities.............................................
441
317
68
110
249
194
38
65
-
T rade.......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
R e ta il....................................................................
859
227
631
175
70
105
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
177
30
-
Services..................................................................
Business and repair.............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
1,171
212
152
41
110
47
760
328
215
217
309
40
22
22
7
240
103
93
44
-
Forestry and fisheries............................... ............
6
1
-
Public administration.............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
437
157
93
44
143
217
62
82
12
60
-
See footnotes at end of table.
7
7
2
-
84
65
14
24
74
59
6
22
63
57
3
15
30
6
24
48
22
26
33
15
18
55
26
30
6
9
6
9
39
4
3
90
13
4
71
10
8
103
12
7
7
2
83
38
27
19
-
3
O
2
2
_
28
13
15
4
4
3
70
24
31
15
32
15
14
4
-
8
2
52
26
19
7
1
28
7
8
2
10
54
9
25
3
18
41
17
12
0
12
0
91
28
36
8
20
-
1
33.4
31.7
36.7
36.0
111
30
81
21
6
15
28.3
33.9
26.7
24
34
6
33.5
236
51
27
6
22
7
150
58
46
46
135
28
8
4
4
2
97
37
27
33
212
28
47
14
34
9
128
62
23
43
56
3
16
13
3
4
33
4
5
24
34.1
28.5
46.0
52.0
40.0
29.0
35.0
33.9
33.7
37.1
2
1
1
1
23.5
34
5
63
28
4
11
20
46
20
2
5
19
4
37.8
40.7
40.0
33.5
35.6
68
44
10
17
45
20
8
19
39
23
7
9
57
215
31
184
177
48
129
103
43
60
148
12
20
51
-
38.3
40.0
36.7
36.7
38.0
38.8
40.0
36.0
34.0
862
172
130
41
88
40
520
225
122
172
31
1
10
3
7
4
16
13
1
1
193
61
22
2
19
14
96
50
21
25
-
46.0
5
-
41.7
43.6
40.0
49.3
40.6
220
94
11
32
83
0
0
-
37.5
38.9
30.0
38.7
192
123
30
45
-
33.6
40.0
31.7
684
158
526
-
37.0
1
1
4
2
O
0
2
2
3
1
1
-
3
3
-
0
58
O
35
32
5
3
26
2
1
-
72
41
4
11
16
C)
2
2
Table 14. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Women
All industries ..................................................
38,132
7,191
Agriculture.................. ............................................
314
10
Mining.....................................................................
122
13
Construction ...........................................................
415
29
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
6,642
3,241
511
569
373
151
177
45
1,788
1,638
855
136
102
171
79
72
20
446
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food .................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel..............................................................
Paper ................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable go o ds..................................
3,402
492
357
998
170
586
326
432
783
137
57
279
57
69
67
112
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
1,521
663
650
245
629
194
381
82
Trade......................................................................
W holesale............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
8,095
857
7,238
656
55
600
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
3,170
105
-
Services .................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services..................................
15,863
1,020
2,074
1,027
1,048
3,484
85
127
7
120
See footnotes at end of table.
40
943
2,200
1,627
2,280
2
5
1
1
-
1
1
3
2
1
-
-
12
6
2
5
7,276
8,085
5,847
7,685
835
33.4
2
-
34.0
304
26
96
69
50
59
4
29.0
5
1
2
-
27.0
109
3
39
36
18
11
2
27.6
4
13
-
31.8
385
4
92
104
88
95
3
34.6
214
114
14
19
19
5
13
1
61
405
222
55
23
51
28
19
4
94
378
210
20
26
42
17
18
7
123
618
304
46
35
57
29
20
8
167
40.1
39.2
35.3
39.1
37.3
38.0
35.3
41.0
40.7
5,004
2,385
375
467
202
72
106
25
1,341
62
26
4
2
2
2
1,127
534
63
114
42
13
22
7
316
1,367
693
121
156
59
21
30
9
356
1,005
466
84
68
48
19
22
7
267
1,397
645
101
125
51
17
32
2
369
47
21
3
2
34.5
33.8
34.8
31.7
34.8
34.5
36.0
28.0
34.0
100
18
9
21
14
9
11
15
183
36
8
55
12
24
19
28
168
26
15
57
13
16
13
28
315
55
24
134
18
19
24
40
41.3
39.3
43.0
45.6
35.3
36.6
37.3
41.8
2,619
354
300
719
113
517
258
320
593
84
68
149
26
133
47
78
673
69
71
182
31
145
90
79
539
82
57
152
26
98
55
60
752
111
96
223
31
122
67
90
84
23
51
13
253
70
160
32
143
57
82
10
147
42
88
25
892
470
268
163
6
3
2
2
34.0
35.0
33.8
33.3
176
92
48
36
323
156
113
57
183
110
45
28
174
6
167
160
9
151
122
17
104
165
19
146
13
3
10
33.2
43.0
32.5
7,440
802
6,638
694
8
686
2,260
179
2,080
1,589
260
1,329
37
31
13
24
1
29.7
3,064
43
801
333
18
23
1,139
16
19
828
24
25
1,110
27
50
4
46
62
37.8
38.4
38.4
52.0
38.2
12,380
934
1,948
1,019
928
356
16
150
119
31
2,454
254
328
127
201
0
(1)
-
1,213
6
1
21
30,940
6
-
21
37.3
4
4
1
102
-
-
23
-
19
25
19
4
2
-
2
15
2
11
0
2
2
2
_
-
3
2
2
-
19
_
36
6
5
10
1
13
1
-
_
_
_
_
15
11
35.2
36.9
36.1
36.7
34.9
33.0
33.1
35.6
195
105
55
41
10
5
4
2
32.5
34.0
31.4
31.8
1,100
144
956
1,583
192
1,391
215
19
196
29.3
32.8
28.7
882
601
691
46
32.4
3,349
279
396
137
260
2,508
160
296
128
168
3,237
205
605
376
229
475
21
173
133
40
34.9
31.3
37.2
44.1
33.8
26
2
3
3
_
7
_
Table 14. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Women—Continued
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
371
12,398
5,267
2,966
4,165
50
3,222
2,174
601
448
4
2
2
O
8
284
126
83
75
Forestry and fisheries ............................................
20
3
-
2
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
1,933
742
172
386
633
597
171
115
116
196
All industries ..................................................
33,059
5,801
Agriculture...............................................................
269
8
Mining......................................................................
106
Construction ...........................................................
-
_
18
1,086
746
191
149
12
768
545
132
91
1
0
-
187
55
37
28
68
130
42
30
21
37
190
52
31
37
69
793
1,753
1,275
1,854
-
2
4
9
-
2
5
393
26
-
6
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
5,766
2,845
460
527
300
117
143
41
1,558
1,351
696
112
93
128
57
54
18
362
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food .................................................... .............
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum................................
Other nondurable goods..................................
2,921
420
301
818
156
532
292
369
655
115
47
226
52
64
56
91
-
-
322
9,176
3,094
2,365
3,717
42
149
49
18
81
106
1,766
510
475
781
66
2,608.
819
750
1,039
51
2,002
761
509
732
45
2,382
870
582
931
11
270
86
31
153
26.3
35.2
36.6
34.1
34.7
34.0
17
1
7
3
3
1
1
27.0
1,336
572
57
270
437
18
5
2
2
1
37.3
37.1
40.3
37.0
36.2
4
9
224
98
4
53
68
360
157
12
76
115
290
136
18
59
76
411
169
21
72
149
34
7
1
5
20
36.9
36.0
43.5
34.5
38.6
92
37.4
27,258
1,116
6,507
6,982
5,105
6,825
723
33.3
-
85
21
14
27
22
-
33.3
37.8
38.2
37.3
35.5
5
53
38
7
9
3
1,029
717
188
123
5
-
-
White women
See footnotes at end of table.
34
4
1
1
-
1
3
-
2
1
-
-
“
2
-
27.0
261
21
90
57
39
53
2
27.6
1
2
-
28.0
96
3
35
30
15
11
2
27.5
5
2
13
-
31.5
367
4
88
97
83
92
3
34.4
185
100
13
18
13
5
6
1
56
316
165
47
18
34
18
14
2
67
309
169
14
24
32
11
14
7
100
518
257
37
33
49
23
18
8
138
40.5
39.9
34.6
40.0
39.3
39.3
38.0
42.0
40.9
4,415
2,150
348
435
172
60
89
23
1,195
62
26
4
2
2
2
986
478
60
103
33
10
16
7
282
1,163
606
105
143
47
15
26
7
311
866
416
77
65
42
17
19
7
232
1,298
607
100
119
48
17
29
2
341
41
17
3
2
34.9
34.1
35.7
31.8
35.7
35.7
37.0
29.0
34.2
86
15
7
16
12
9
11
14
151
34
6
43
9
24
15
19
139
20
12
49
13
16
10
20
261
44
20
106
18
15
20
37
41.2
38.7
44.0
45.6
38.0
34.5
38.0
43.4
2,266
305
254
593
104
467
236
278
508
76
58
122
23
115
44
64
557
55
55
136
27
131
79
68
450
69
48
121
25
84
47
51
690
97
85
200
29
117
66
85
-
19
4
2
-
2
15
2
-
11
-
0
2
19
36
6
5
10
1
13
1
11
24
2
3
3
7
9
35.6
36.9
36.7
37.7
35.5
33.2
33.4
36.0
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
Not represented by labor organization
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
White women—Continued
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
1,310
593
542
210
498
157
303
64
Trade......................................................................
Wholesale ............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
7,416
799
6,617
568
47
521
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
2,878
84
-
Services .................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services..................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
13,307
924
1,515
669
846
343
10,525
4,525
2,398
3,603
2,776
69
80
5
75
46
2,581
1,867
400
314
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
19
3
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal .......................................
Postal ..................................................................
S ta te ....................................................................
Local....................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
1,561
559
119
333
550
452
116
74
97
165
1
72
18
42
13
183
59
111
21
117
51
68
5
125
28
82
23
160
6
154
133
7
127
98
14
84
28
24
266
13
17
943
16
15
-
0
0
21
21
8
-
6
2
5
2
-
-
-
17
8
227
114
64
50
-
2
_
"
69
14
14
26
16
2
34.6
35.0
34.7
34.0
812
435
239
146
142
17
125
13
3
10
32.3
44.3
31.7
8
24
1
643
22
14
864
18
24
2
22
3
819
611
126
81
52
-
15
16
895
642
135
118
0
131
35
19
23
55
2
2
14
12
596
470
68
58
1
90
29
16
15
30
157
39
24
31
64
-
-
3
2
2
5
44
29
7
8
5
2
2
1
6
3
2
159
86
42
31
274
133
91
51
172
105
45
23
191
103
55
39
10
5
4
2
33.4
34.8
32.8
32.4
6,848
752
6,096
641
8
633
2,083
171
1,913
1,433
239
1,194
1,008
137
871
1,475
180
1,295
208
18
190
29.3
32.8
28.7
32.0
2,794
35
730
777
544
664
44
32.7
37.6
37.7
37.9
46.0
37.7
34.3
37.6
38.2
36.0
35.3
10,532
855
1,435
664
771
297
7,944
2,658
1,998
3,289
330
15
146
116
30
42
126
38
16
72
2,170
232
295
113
182
101
1,543
421
422
700
2,865
245
334
114
220
58
2,227
711
614
902
2,132
150
196
82
115
45
1,741
678
420
644
2,653
192
358
172
187
40
2,063
741
497
824
382
21
105
68
38
11
245
69
29
147
34.5
31.7
33.2
33.8
32.8
25.7
35.4
36.9
34.0
34.8
34.0
17
1
7
3
3
1
1
28.0
38.6
38.3
41.8
37.2
38.0
1,109
443
45
236
385
13
3
159
61
2
42
54
281
116
7
65
92
242
106
15
52
69
382
150
19
69
143
31
7
1
5
17
38.7
37.8
44.9
35.3
40.6
-
2
8
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, SVlay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Not represented by labor organization
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other women
All industries ..................................................
5,072
1,390
Agriculture...............................................................
45
2
Mining......................................................................
16
3
Construction ...........................................................
21
3
-
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
876
395
51
42
73
34
35
4
230
287
160
24
9
43
23
18
2
84
_
-
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles ..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g oods..................................
481
72
56
180
15
55
34
63
128
22
10
53
5
5
11
21
_
-
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
211
71
108
35
131
37
78
18
-
Trade.......................................................................
W holesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
680
58
621
88
9
79
6
150
-
1
353
425
1
1
0
2
37.0
3,682
97
769
1,103
741
860
112
33.6
-
42.0
42
5
6
12
11
6
2
34.5
-
-
20.0
13
-
5
6
3
-
-
38.0
19
-
4
7
5
3
_
-
38.8
36.9
38.0
34.0
32.5
35.3
30.5
27.0
39.4
589
236
27
32
30
12
17
2
146
_
-
142
56
3
10
10
3
6
34
203
87
16
13
12
6
4
2
45
139
50
7
3
5
2
3
35
100
38
1
6
3
3
28
-
23
100
47
9
2
8
7
1
29
28
6
3
8
53
12
3
28
41.4
44.0
42.0
46.0
27.0
48.0
35.3
36.0
353
50
46
127
10
50
23
42
_
-
85
8
10
28
3
17
3
14
116
14
16
45
3
14
11
11
89
14
9
31
1
14
8
10
61
14
11
23
2
5
1
5
-
32.6
35.0
31.8
32.5
80
34
30
17
-
16
5
7
4
49
22
23
5
11
5
4
2
38.0
40.0
37.7
592
50
542
176
9
168
157
22
135
-
1
2
70
41
6
2
11
6
4
5
89
57
8
5
17
10
6
2
27
14
3
2
5
2
32
2
2
12
3
29
14
1
1
7
7
-
-
13
5
9
0
14
14
-
10
5
9
1
3
8
4
3
3
_
-
70
10
49
10
26
6
14
5
22
14
6
2
-
1
_
-
447
27
3
24
-
-
24
4
20
23
2
21
_
-
-
53
53
-
-
0
6
2
92
6
85
108
12
96
-
31.0
-
35.5
6
4
-
4
2
2
-
32.6
31.6
30.3
30.0
32.3
32.5
33.0
27.0
32.6
33.2
36.7
34.0
33.6
28.5
30.0
31.0
32.7
29.4
30.7
27.3
29.5
7
1
6
29.5
33.4
29.0
Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, SViay 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Represented by labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Not represented by labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Black and other women—Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
292
22
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ....:......................................................
Other professional services.............................
2,556
95
559
358
202
29
1,873
743
568
562
708
16
47
2
45
4
641
307
201
133
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
0
-
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal .......................................
Postal ..................................................................
State ....................................................................
Local....................................................................
' Fewer than 500 workers.
372
183
52
53
84
145
55
40
18
31
4
-
5
67
4
6
196
0
4
4
2
190
103
56
31
185
3
11
11
172
75
64
33
246
9
27
2
24
0
210
106
63
42
-
-
-
6
57
12
19
25
0
-
_
-
7
2
2
2
-
9
16
7
0
1
7
56
20
19
5
13
-
40
14
14
5
7
10
10
8
1
-
33
14
8
6
5
_
-
28.0
270
8
71
105
58
27
38.6
49.0
39.4
58.0
39.1
31.0
38.5
38.7
39.5
36.0
1,848
79
512
355
157
25
1,232
436
367
429
27
(1)
3
3
1
23
11
2
10
284
23
33
13
19
5
223
89
53
80
484
33
62
23
39
8
380
107
136
137
376
10
99
46
53
6
260
83
89
88
584
13
247
204
42
5
320
128
84
107
_
-
-
-
-
34.6
35.4
35.3
36.0
31.3
0
228
129
12
35
53
-
0
4
2
_
2
0
65
37
2
12
14
80
40
5
12
23
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
workers in cell.
47
30
3
7
7
29
19
2
2
6
1
30.3
93
37.7
28.6
50.4
54.7
38.3
32.5
34.4
35.1
34.4
33.8
_
68
65
3
25
17
2
6
23.0
3
_
3
Dashes (-) indicate no
30.2
30.8
31.5
27.0
30.0
Table 15. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers not in labor organization
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Both sexes
All industries ..................................................
87,480
20,095
Agriculture...............................................................
1,455
51
M ining......................................................................
892
286
Construction ...........................................................
4,982
1,574
Manufacturing, to ta l................................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
20,976
12,546
2,769
2,779
2,031
951
676
404
4,966
6,771
4,366
1,251
798
1,038
582
286
170
1,278
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
T extiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g o o ds..................................
8,430
1,674
786
1,298
751
1,433
1,240
1,028
2,405
628
117
326
369
290
320
281
0
0
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
5,469
3,241
1,447
1,359
2,429
1,595
714
594
0
0
Trade.......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
17,401
3,419
13,981
1,753
389
1,363
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
5,152
190
-
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair.............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
25,123
2,902
2,868
1,214
1,653
4,743
293
237
7
229
See footnotes at end of table.
2,493
5,960
4,478
6,844
227
38.0
67,384
2,666
14,814
18,137
12,610
17,208
1,949
33.8
12
19
5
13
2
35.6
1,404
137
397
313
223
272
63
28.9
1
49
86
71
78
1
35.4
605
3
138
205
110
141
8
31.7
4
186
506
302
554
21
37.3
3,408
72
936
979
572
796
54
31.7
7
904
578
128
132
112
43
35
35
206
1,824
1,181
369
227
264
164
60
40
322
1,497
975
273
157
256
151
71
34
289
2,488
1,605
470
275
401
221
121
58
460
51
27
11
8
6
3
38.9
38.8
39.5
37.3
39.9
39.6
42.3
37.1
38.2
14,205
8,180
1,518
1,981
993
369
390
234
3,688
170
72
8
21
7
2
1
4
35
2,758
1,534
255
368
147
44
51
52
764
3,878
2,324
435
595
249
94
81
74
1,045
3,017
1,769
330
400
237
99
91
47
801
4,163
2,383
470
574
348
131
161
56
990
218
98
19
22
4
53
35.7
35.5
36.3
34.9
38.0
38.4
40.3
34.1
34.8
326
92
21
25
44
48
44
44
644
161
20
68
102
75
104
84
522
136
27
66
101
63
60
58
883
232
45
155
122
99
112
92
39.0
38.1
40.0
44.8
38.9
39.3
37.4
37.9
6,025
1,046
669
972
382
1,143
921
747
98
17
11
14
2
50
5
1,224
241
143
185
54
281
123
182
1,554
257
151
251
105
289
286
185
1,249
218
133
202
89
223
208
142
1,781
295
215
305
124
272
289
216
120
18
17
16
9
29
14
17
36.0
34.4
37.3
37.0
38.3
33.4
38.0
35.8
242
144
88
55
775
458
272
206
633
423
162
139
766
558
192
190
4
37.5
39.1
35.0
37.4
3,040
1,646
734
765
28
19
7
2
531
321
98
122
977
502
261
237
643
348
163
153
825
428
201
245
35
28
4
5
34.8
34.5
34.5
36.2
456
63
393
458
111
347
299
87
212
449
124
325
20
4
16
32.3
37.1
31.1
15,648
3,030
12,618
1,468
31
1,436
4,560
547
4,013
3,666
970
2,696
2,259
591
1,668
3,218
788
2,429
41
51
29
65
5
35.8
4,962
74
1,055
1,414
1,011
412
55
44
1,518
83
42
1,114
66
49
2
47
1,598
87
92
4
88
92
2
6
2
4
38.4
37.1
38.7
52.0
38.4
20,381
2,609
2,631
1,207
1,424
679
70
242
178
64
3,970
689
488
177
312
5,674
739
555
158
397
3,949
475
360
134
226
94
-
-
-
7
2
2
3
1
70
70
10
-
4
-
-
4
-
44
42
-
3
2
24
5
1
10
(')
4
3
14
13
-
-
-
0
4
All
102
376
29.5
35.0
27.9
1,260
147
34.7
5,277
540
767
408
360
832
95
218
153
65
34.8
31.8
35.4
41.2
33.5
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Both sexes—Continued
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
902
18,451
8,062
3,901
6,489
127
4,086
2,767
692
627
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
87
12
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal .......................................
Postal ..................................................................
S ta te ....................................................................
Local....................................................................
5,364
1,795
691
972
1,906
1,812
347
509
253
703
All industries ..................................................
49,348
14,039
Agriculture...............................................................
1,141
42
Mining.....................................................................
4
2
2
-
20
292
130
92
70
41
1,351
926
231
194
27
972
681
149
143
23
1,397
978
210
208
-
2
4
2
4
1
145
25
39
28
53
559
105
128
60
266
434
94
107
63
170
655
120
229
100
206
64
1,727
4,163
3,090
-
10
15
-
46
4
4
1
-
_
12
72
51
9
12
35.2
38.6
38.9
37.2
38.2
775
14,366
5,295
3,209
5,861
102
265
111
31
123
265
2,527
854
630
1,044
157
4,223
1,487
1,068
1,668
87
3,027
1,226
628
1,173
124
3,846
1,487
797
1,561
40
478
131
56
292
26.4
35.5
36.3
34.0
35.5
36.0
76
3
16
22
20
12
2
31.0
18
3
7
1
7
39.5
39.3
43 7
40.1
37.0
3,551
1,448
18?
719
1,202
34
5
12
17
443
145
13
114
171
985
404
49
196
336
783
348
46
153
236
1,196
527
65
224
380
111
18
9
21
63
38.8
39.0
43 6
37.3
38.4
4,856
140
38.1
35,308
1,444
7,362
9,649
6,524
9,231
1,099
34.2
4
11
2
36.0
1,100
110
301
244
172
213
59
28.9
81
70
76
1
35.8
495
98
169
92
129
6
32.6
182
502
299
543
21
37.3
3,017
67
842
873
484
699
52
31.4
716
475
114
114
94
39
22
34
153
1,465
991
318
207
221
138
46
37
245
1,155
783
255
134
221
134
58
29
171
1,918
1,333
428
247
354
196
107
50
305
36
25
9
8
6
3
38.4
38.7
39.9
37.1
40.2
39.8
43.8
36.2
36.2
9,040
5,698
1,133
1,501
762
291
265
206
2,303
106
44
4
19
4
1,606
988
192
254
103
29
29
45
440
2,465
1,599
311
436
181
72
45
64
671
1,976
1,285
245
329
182
80
64
38
529
2,718
1,706
365
444
287
110
123
54
610
168
76
16
20
4
36
36.3
36.2
36.8
36.0
39.0
40.0
43.2
34.8
35.1
240
76
15
8
30
39
35
30
475
128
16
13
90
55
88
56
372
111
16
12
88
48
52
35
585
177
25
31
103
81
88
52
38.0
37.6
37.4
44.0
39.3
40.3
37.2
35.7
3,342
684
355
234
269
618
653
420
618
154
71
31
29
148
75
102
866
185
76
70
74
139
193
107
692
135
72
46
63
123
149
77
1,012
184
116
72
93
149
223
125
92
16
14
11
9
22
14
6
36.7
33.4
38.3
37.4
40.7
33.8
40.2
35.9
-
Men
770
274
Construction ...........................................................
4,567
1,551
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
14,334
9,305
2,258
2,210
1,659
801
498
360
3,179
5,293
3,606
1,125
709
897
510
233
154
876
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g oods..................................
5,029
1,182
429
300
580
847
915
596
1,687
498
74
66
312
228
262
176
See footnotes at end of table.
-
4
2
-
2
-
0
-
(1)
-
3
1
11
4
1
-
(')
4
_
1
0
-
4
16
62
11
6
4
1
37
-
3
-
4
0
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Men—Continued
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities .................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ....................................................
Other public utilities.............................................
3,947
2,578
798
1,114
1,885
1,431
372
527
T rade.......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
9,305
2,562
6,743
1,151
347
803
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
1,982
119
-
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
9,260
1,882
793
188
606
531
6,053
2,795
935
2,324
1,909
216
118
2
116
85
1,489
1,030
201
259
-
Forestry and fisheries............................................
68
9
-
Public administration ..............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
3,431
1,053
520
586
1,272
1,361
236
411
164
549
-
See footnotes at end of table.
171
126
41
46
562
404
133
178
494
369
81
129
645
521
117
172
297
58
239
321
107
214
185
75
110
17
31
159
42
24
600
67
24
52
52
3
2
-
-
-
0
1
1
87
10
28
10
39
3
35.8
34.8
36.8
37.5
1,630
594
1,036
263
83
180
29.6
35.8
27.2
404
565
101
38.3
2,104
461
158
21
137
89
1,396
516
286
594
1,278
313
65
7
58
32
869
342
98
429
1,869
334
162
32
131
79
1,294
502
176
615
347
74
45
20
25
30
198
36
25
137
34.3
32.2
31.2
21.7
33.0
26.3
35.9
35.5
33.5
37.2
8
19
17
11
1
32.5
193
41
7
51
94
567
223
28
108
207
471
200
24
90
158
748
341
43
151
213
75
40.1
41.4
45.7
39.2
38.6
3
38.7
39.7
35.9
38.0
2,062
■1,147
425
587
22
15
4
2
341
224
46
83
614
331
127
177
456
236
116
125
604
317
133
197
288
107
181
7
1
7
31.6
36.3
30.0
8,155
2,215
5,940
771
24
747
2,285
367
1,918
2,053
704
1,349
1,152
443
710
21
45
4
40.8
1,864
31
241
521
659
61
41
41
19
537
376
61
100
40
2
2
24
25
484
332
72
80
448
44
25
2
23
19
361
259
37
64
39.0
35.6
37.5
42.0
37.3
37.1
39.6
39.6
37.1
40.9
7,351
1,666
675
186
489
446
4,564
1,765
734
2,065
317
55
88
57
30
59
116
62
13
41
1,435
430
158
50
108
156
691
306
136
249
4
2
4
36.5
59
3
429
75
99
43
212
327
64
81
46
136
502
85
198
64
155
39.7
39.4
45.1
40.7
36.9
2,070
816
109
422
723
16
-
24
14
79
41
28
10
2
1
12
11
-
2
7
29
21
3
5
15
3
5
O
7
8
8
25
23
-
11
7
14
43
Tab!© 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median
and
years
years
years
years
years
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
White men
All industries ..................................................
44,085
12,261
Agriculture...............................................................
991
35
55
1,508
3,619
2,681
4,275
-
10
15
1
9
-
43
76
70
75
2
165
453
273
4
633
423
104
106
79
33
16
29
135
1,258
851
276
180
185
117
40
28
210
210
65
14
6
29
36
31
25
Mining.....................................................................
729
263
Construction ...........................................................
4,139
1,404
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment...............................
Automobiles ...................................................
A ircra ft............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
12,836
8,364
2,008
2,080
1,468
718
445
304
2,809
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food .................................................................
Textiles.............................................................
Apparel .............................................................
Paper ................................................................
Printing .............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum...............................
Other nondurable g o o ds.................................
4,472
1,054
352
246
522
775
814
548
1,458
423
66
50
269
204
236
151
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
3,507
2,261
729
1,004
1,644
1,240
334
466
Trade......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
8,447
2,335
6,112
984
279
705
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
1,805
90
-
Services .................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services..................................
8,089
1,671
641
146
495
1,639
178
97
2
95
See footnotes at end of table.
4,623 ■
3,165
977
651
768
438
201
129
768
-
4
2
-
2
(')
0
123
38.1
31,824
1,323
6,567
8,653
5,871
8,426
984
34.2
-
30.5
956
108
271
220
136
171
50
27.9
1
36.0
465
91
160
86
122
6
32.7
492
18
37.4
2,735
61
777
806
420
623
48
31.0
994
669
214
121
189
114
48
27
145
1,701
1,201
378
236
309
171
97
41
277
32
20
5
8
6
3
38.7
39.0
40.0
37.7
40.6
39.8
44.8
37.0
36.8
8,213
5,199
1,031
1,428
699
280
244
175
2,040
100
42
4
17
4
_
1,431
887
177
240
94
29
26
39
376
2,191
1,428
272
402
163
68
40
54
591
1,805
1,175
217
320
158
77
54
27
479
2,531
1,597
346
430
276
106
120
50
545
155
71
13
20
4
_
4
(’)
34
36.7
36.5
37.2
36.3
39.8
40.2
45.5
35.0
35.4
407
109
14
9
72
48
78
50
326
97
16
8
80
42
46
31
499
147
21
26
88
73
82
43
0
38.1
37.8
37.3
44.9
39.6
40.5
37.5
35.7
3,014
631
286
196
253
571
578
396
58
11
6
3
1
34
3
544
139
55
25
29
136
65
88
763
174
56
52
68
133
158
103
630
120
55
41
61
114
139
75
934
172
103
63
87
134
204
121
84
16
12
11
7
20
12
6
36.9
33.1
39.6
38.4
40.6
33.7
40.7
36.2
144
114
27
41
482
341
119
156
420
309
75
107
585
465
114
159
38.9
39.8
37.0
37.9
1,863
1,021
395
537
19
13
4
2
305
191
41
82
542
285
117
158
410
216
108
106
563
294
126
186
23
22
_
3
36.1
35.4
36.8
37.6
271
52
219
275
86
188
151
60
92
236
81
154
7
31.2
36.0
29.8
7,462
2,055
5,407
713
23
690
2,067
336
1,730
1,875
655
1,220
1,050
400
650
1,516
564
952
242
77
165
29.7
36.0
27.2
12
22
16
37
4
41.4
1,715
19
220
470
379
531
96
38.7
127
39
21
522
54
19
387
35
18
2
16
565
50
34
36
39.0
34.5
39.0
42.0
38.5
6,450
1,493
545
144
401
285
54
78
55
23
1,236
369
136
47
89
1,856
409
131
15
116
1,134
284
57
3
54
1,648
306
115
18
97
291
71
29
7
22
34.3
32.6
30.0
19.9
31.9
-
45
45
3
-
2
-
-
2
-
21
19
-
-
3
1
11
4
1
_
4
1
12
11
3
7
-
-
2
-
34
2
(’)
-
4
16
_
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers not in labor organization
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
White men—Continued
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
484
5,293
2,466
719
2,107
78
1,286
948
116
222
-
Forestry and fisheries ............................................
61
8
-
Public administration ..............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
2,994
896
427
542
1,129
1,174
192
334
155
493
-
All industries ..................................................
5,262
1,778
Agriculture...............................................................
151
6
-
Mining......................................................................
41
11
-
Construction ...........................................................
428
147
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
A ircra ft............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
1,498
941
249
131
191
83
53
55
370
671
441
148
58
128
72
32
24
107
33.2
142
589
254
113
222
83
1,233
451
237
545
29
764
298
71
394
70
1,157
436
150
571
35.0
53
3
6
18
15
11
1,820
704
93
387
636
16
7
39.3
38.6
45.6
40.6
36.5
8
8
153
34
5
48
66
499
192
22
97
187
415
174
20
85
137
667
293
39
137
197
71
11
7
12
41
40.6
41.6
47.4
39.7
39.0
581
17
37.6
3,484
120
795
996
653
805
115
33.4
3
2
2
47.3
144
2
31
24
36
43
9
38.4
31.0
30
7
9
6
7
4
1
3
1
65
4
21
8
32
379
68
76
41
194
296
54
71
46
125
419
63
163
59
134
9
219
543
409
-
-
1
-
55
98
47
12
40
18
463
343
37
83
0
26.1
36.0
35.7
33.5
37.3
406
4,007
1,518
604
1,885
17
317
240
18
59
14
53
29
16
8
26
165
32
20
113
37.1
39.5
39.5
37.0
41.1
23
426
316
43
67
1
7
27
21
1
5
13
2
3
0
-
Black and other men
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum................................
Other nondurable g oods..................................
See footnotes at end of table.
557
128
77
54
59
71
100
48
229
75
8
16
43
24
26
24
2
_
-
-
_
-
32.0
3
6
1
‘1
17
49
26
50
3
36.2
281
6
65
67
64
76
3
35.4
82
52
10
7
16
6
5
4
18
207
140
42
26
36
21
6
9
35
161
114
42
14
32
20
10
2
26
217
131
50
10
44
25
11
9
27
4
4
4
36.2
35.9
39.5
33.7
37.6
39.5
38.0
33.3
34.5
827
500
102
73
63
11
21
31
263
6
2
175
102
15
14
9
3
6
64
275
171
39
34
18
4
5
9
80
171
110
27
8
24
3
10
11
50
187
109
18
14
12
4
3
5
65
13
5
3
33.5
33.3
34.7
30.0
34.7
32.0
35.0
34.0
33.1
36.8
35.6
38.0
37.0
35.5
39.0
31.0
36.0
328
53
69
38
16
47
74
24
73
15
17
6
103
11
20
18
6
6
35
4
61
14
17
5
2
9
10
2
78
12
13
9
6
14
18
4
30
11
1
2
2
3
4
5
67
19
2
4
18
7
10
6
46
14
0
5
8
6
6
4
85
31
4
5
15
8
6
9
-
-
0
_
-
-
2
4
-
(1)
-
-
3
-
-
12
9
14
-
3
8
-
2
-
2
2
2
“
34.0
36.4
31.7
33.2
42.0
36.0
33.5
27.0
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other men—Continued
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
441
317
68
110
242
191
38
61
-
Trade......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
859
227
631
166
68
99
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
177
29
Services.................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services..................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
1,171
212
152
41
110
47
760
328
215
217
270
39
21
Forestry and fisheries ..................... .....................
6
1
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal .......................................
Postal .........................................................
State ...........................................................
Local ...........................................................
437
157
93
44
143
187
44
77
9
56
See footnotes at end of table.
21
7
203
81
85
37
7
7
-
-
_
-
28
12
15
4
80
63
14
22
74
59
6
22
60
57
3
13
26
6
20
47
20
26
33
15
18
53
26
27
6
9
6
9
32
3
3
78
13
4
61
9
7
94
12
7
-
3
0
26
13
12
2
-
4
3
58
16
29
13
7
2
44
20
19
5
1
22
5
7
2
8
-
50
7
23
3
18
31
10
10
0
10
-
37.8
39.2
30.0
39.3
199
126
30
49
-
33.9
40.3
32.0
692
160
533
-
36.0
39.3
40.0
36.0
(1)
82
22
36
5
20
36
33
5
46
20
8
19
41
23
7
12
57
218
31
188
179
50
129
103
43
60
148
12
20
51
-
36.0
38.0
40.3
41.5
37.3
40.0
901
173
130
41
89
40
557
247
130
180
32
1
10
3
7
4
18
15
1
1
199
61
22
2
19
14
102
52
23
27
-
46.0
5
-
42.8
45.3
41.6
46.0
41.7
249
112
15
35
87
0
1
1
4
2
(’)
-
7
2
74
33
23
17
3
3
72
46
10
18
0
2
2
3
1
1
-
-
58
0
(')
1
33.3
31.6
36.7
35.6
114
30
84
21
6
15
28.3
33.7
26.6
25
34
6
33.7
248
51
27
6
22
7
163
66
49
49
144
29
8
4
4
2
105
43
27
35
221
28
47
14
34
9
137
67
26
44
56
3
16
13
3
4
33
4
5
24
34.1
28.5
45.0
52.0
38.7
29.0
34.8
34.0
33.6
36.8
2
1
1
1
23.5
40
7
1
3
28
68
31
6
11
20
56
26
4
5
21
4
37.8
40.4
37.3
34.5
35.3
0
2
1
_
81
47
4
14
16
(1)
2
2
Table 15. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers not in labor organization
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Women
All industries ..................................................
38,132
6,056
Agriculture...............................................................
314
9
Mining......................................................................
122
12
Construction ...........................................................
415
23
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l............................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods.........................................
6,642
3,241
511
569
373
151
177
45
1,788
1,478
759
126
89
142
72
53
16
403
Nondurable goods, total .....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper .................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable go o ds..................................
3,402
492
357
998
170
586
326
432
718
130
43
260
57
61
58
106
-
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities.............................................
1,521
663
650
245
544
164
341
67
0
0
T rade......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
8,095
857
7,238
602
42
560
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
3,170
71
-
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair.............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
15,863
1,020
2,074
1,027
1,048
2,834
77
119
6
113
See footnotes at end of table.
30
32,076
1,223
7,453
8,488
6,086
7,977
850
33.4
-
35.0
304
26
96
69
50
59
4
29.1
2
-
27.5
110
3
40
36
18
11
2
27.5
3
11
-
42.0
391
4
93
106
88
97
3
34.4
359
190
51
20
42
26
14
3
76
342
192
18
22
35
17
13
5
118
571
272
41
28
47
25
14
8
155
40.6
39.6
35.1
38.3
37.3
37.5
33.0
43.0
41.3
5,164
2,481
385
480
231
79
124
28
1,385
64
28
4
2
3
2
1
1,152
545
63
114
44
15
22
7
324
1,413
725
125
159
68
22
35
11
374
1,041
484
85
72
55
19
28
9
271
1,445
677
105
131
61
21
38
2
380
50
22
3
2
34.6
33.9
34.9
31.9
35.1
34.7
36.4
30.0
34.0
86
16
5
17
14
9
9
13
169
33
4
55
12
19
16
28
150
25
11
54
13
15
9
23
298
54
20
124
18
18
24
40
41.8
40.0
45.0
45.3
35.3
37.0
40.5
42.0
2,683
362
314
738
113
525
268
326
607
87
72
153
26
133
49
80
687
71
74
182
31
150
93
79
557
84
61
155
26
100
60
64
768
111
100
233
31
123
67
91
70
17
46
9
213
54
139
28
138
55
81
10
120
36
75
17
978
499
308
179
6
3
2
2
34.4
35.6
34.1
33.3
190
98
53
39
363
171
134
61
188
112
47
28
158
5
153
137
4
133
114
13
102
160
17
143
13
3
10
34.2
45.0
33.4
7,493
815
6,678
697
8
689
2,275
181
2,094
1,613
266
1,347
24
20
7
20
1
31.0
3,098
43
814
252
13
20
918
16
19
666
22
24
939
26
50
4
46
52
38.1
39.7
39.2
58.0
38.9
13,030
943
1,956
1,021
935
362
16
155
121
34
2,535
259
331
127
204
1,798
1,388
1,988
2
4
1
2
3
5
1
4
4
188
102
14
18
18
4
13
1
53
1
3
-
3
2
1
1
18
18
7
-
2
-
37.8
766
-
2
-
-
20
19
24
87
15
2
2
0
13
2
10
2
2
2
-
-
3
2
2
19
36
6
5
10
1
13
1
-
17
11
35.3
36.7
36.2
36.9
34.9
33.0
33.1
35.7
221
111
68
48
10
5
4
2
32.4
33.8
31.3
32.0
1,107
149
958
1,587
194
1,394
215
19
196
29.3
32.8
28.7
893
607
694
46
32.3
3,570
279
397
137
260
2,671
162
296
128
168
3,408
206
605
376
229
485
21
173
133
40
35.0
31.2
37.1
44.0
33.7
28
2
3
5
7
-
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
■ Women—Continued
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services .........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
371
12,398
5,267
2,966
4,165
42
2,597
1,737
491
369
-
6
213
89
64
61
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
20
3
-
2
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal ..................... ..................
Postal ...................................................................
State ....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
1,933
742
172
386
633
452
111
98
89
154
_
59
15
11
19
13
130
30
29
16
54
107
30
26
17
34
153
35
31
36
51
All industries ..................................................
33,059
4,838
639
1,421
1,070
1,606
Agriculture...............................................................
269
7
-
2
3
Mining.....................................................................
106
9
-
1
5
Construction ...........................................................
393
21
-
4
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
5,766
2,845
460
527
300
117
143
41
1,558
1,207
609
103
79
101
50
37
14
325
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food ..................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel..............................................................
Paper ................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g o o ds..................................
2,921
420
301
818
156
532
292
369
598
108
33
210
52
58
47
86
4
2
2
-
-
-
16
867
594
159
114
8
611
422
111
78
1
O
3
860
602
150
108
-
5
43
29
7
7
33.0
38.1
38.5
37.2
36.5
329
9,802
3,530
2,475
3,796
42
149
49
18
82
108
1,836
547
494
795
68
2,827
971
782
1,074
55
2,158
884
530
744
45
2,552
985
620
946
11
280
94
31
154
26.5
35.3
36.7
34.2
34.6
34.0
17
1
7
3
4
1
1
27.0
1,482
632
73
297
480
18
5
2
1
1
38.6
38.6
40.8
38.5
37.2
4
9
250
104
7
62
77
418
181
21
88
128
312
148
22
63
78
448
186
22
73
167
36
7
1
7
20
36.5
35.9
42.2
34.3
38.1
77
37.9
28,221
1,125
6,660
7,315
5,310
7,073
738
33.4
3
-
-
White women
See footnotes at end of table.
25
3
-
3
2
1
-
-
2
-
26.0
262
21
90
57
39
53
2
27.7
1
2
-
29.0
97
3
35
31
15
11
2
27.4
3
2
11
-
46.0
372
4
89
100
83
94
3
34.1
160
88
12
17
11
4
6
1
47
273
136
43
15
27
17
10
O
51
275
152
12
20
24
11
8
5
95
480
230
33
27
39
19
12
8
131
41.2
40.4
34.6
39.2
40.0
38.7
36.0
44.0
41.7
4,559
2,237
357
448
199
67
106
26
1,233
64
28
4
2
3
2
1
1,011
489
61
104
34
12
16
7
291
1,206
635
108
146
54
16
30
9
327
899
433
78
69
50
17
25
9
236
1,335
633
103
125
58
21
35
2
348
44
18
3
2
34.9
34.2
35.7
32.1
36.2
36.0
37.6
30.3
34.1
72
13
3
12
12
9
9
12
137
32
3
43
9
19
11
19
123
19
8
46
13
14
5
17
250
43
17
99
18
15
20
37
42.2
39.3
50.0
45.6
38.0
35.0
41.3
44.3
2,323
311
268
608
104
474
245
283
521
79
62
126
23
115
46
66
571
57
59
136
27
136
82
68
466
69
52
124
25
86
52
53
702
97
88
207
29
117
66
85
-
15
2
2
-
-
(’)
13
2
10
-
2
19
36
6
5
10
1
13
-
1
_
-
_
13
26
2
3
5
7
_
9
35.6
36.7
36.7
37.9
35.5
33.2
33.4
36.2
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
White women—Continued
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities.............................................
1,310
593
542
210
423
129
272
49
T rade.......................................................................
W holesale............................................................
Retail ....................................................................
7,416
799
6,617
521
35
486
-
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
2,878
56
-
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
13,307
924
1,515
669
846
343
10,525
4,525
2,398
3,603
2,234
60
72
3
69
38
2,063
1,482
322
260
Forestry and fisheries ............................................
19
Public administration ..............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
S ta te .....................................................................
Local.....................................................................
1,561
559
119
333
550
See footnotes at end of table.
1
0
0
18
18
3
-
2
-
59
12
38
.9
150
44
98
17
112
48
67
5
100
24
69
16
148
5
142
114
3
111
91
9
82
17
15
199
8
15
760
16
15
-
2
2
-
-
15
6
169
83
47
39
3
-
2
331
69
60
74
129
_
47
10
11
17
10
-
-
2
35.0
35.9
34.9
33.5
887
464
270
161
137
15
123
13
3
10
33.0
45.3
32.3
3
20
1
509
20
13
722
17
24
2
22
3
678
511
94
72
42
-
15
14
714
506
117
91
13
8
468
360
56
52
1
0
89
18
12
15
44
69
18
12
12
28
124
24
23
30
47
2
2
-
-
3
2
2
5
34
21
7
6
3
2
1
1
6
3
2
172
92
45
35
306
149
104
55
177
108
47
23
216
107
68
47
10
5
4
2
33.3
34.4
32.7
32.7
6,894
764
6,130
644
8
636
2,096
172
1,924
1,452
242
1,210
1,015
142
873
1,479
182
1,297
208
18
190
29.3
32.8
28.7
33.5
2,822
35
741
786
548
667
44
32.6
37.8
38.8
38.8
60.0
38.5
34.3
37.8
38.4
35.9
36.4
11,073
864
1,443
666
777
304
8,462
3,043
2,076
3,343
334
15
151
118
33
42
126
38
16
72
2,238
237
298
113
185
103
1,601
451
439
711
3,048
245
334
114
220
59
2,409
847
632
929
2,266
152
196
82
115
49
1,869
788
431
649
2,795
194
358
172
187
40
2,203
842
529
833
392
21
105
68
38
11
255
77
29
149
34.6
31.7
33.1
33.8
32.7
25.8
35.4
37.0
34.1
34.7
34.0
17
1
7
3
4
1
1
28.0
40.3
40.8
42.7
38.7
38.8
1,229
490
60
259
420
13
3
181
65
5
50
61
323
134
14
73
103
264
117
19
56
72
416
165
20
70
159
33
7
1
7
17
38.2
37.6
43.3
35.2
40.3
-
2
8
Table 15. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
Total
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other women
All industries ..................................................
5,072
1,218
Agriculture...............................................................
45
2
Mining.....................................................................
16
3
Construction ...........................................................
21
2
-
Manufacturing, to ta l...............................................
Durable goods, to ta l...........................................
Metal industries................................................
Machinery, except electrical............................
Transportation equipment................................
Automobiles ...................................................
Aircraft ............................................................
Other transportation equipment ...................
Other durable goods........................................
876
395
51
42
73
34
35
4
230
271
151
23
9
41
23
16
2
78
_
--
Nondurable goods, total ....................................
Food .................................................................
Textiles..............................................................
Apparel ..............................................................
Paper ................................................................
Printing ..............................................................
Chemicals and petroleum ................................
Other nondurable g o o ds..................................
481
72
56
180
15
55
34
63
120
22
10
50
5
3
11
19
-
Transportation, communication,
and public utilities ................................................
Transportation .....................................................
Communication ...................................................
Other public utilities............................................
211
71
108
35
120
35
70
18
Trade......................................................................
Wholesale............................................................
Retail ...................................................................
See footnotes at end of table.
680
58
621
81
7
74
5
-
126
-
1
1
1
1
67
41
6
2
11
6
4
5
86
54
8
5
16
10
4
2
25
14
3
2
5
2
32
2
2
12
3
7
-
-
1
12
5
8
-
_
381
1
29
14
1
1
7
-
-
-
-
-
318
0
2
_
-
377
11
11
-
37.5
3,855
97
792
1,173
776
904
112
33.7
-
42.0
42
5
6
12
11
6
2
34.5
-
-
20.0
13
-
5
6
3
-
-
34.0
19
-
4
7
5
3
38.2
36.7
37.0
34.0
33.5
35.3
31.0
27.0
39.0
605
245
28
32
32
12
18
2
152
142
56
3
10
10
3
6
34
207
91
16
13
14
6
6
2
47
142
51
7
3
5
2
3
35
110
43
2
6
3
3
32
40.6
44.5
42.0
43.0
27.0
48.0
35.3
35.5
361
50
46
130
10
51
23
44
85
8
10
28
3
17
3
14
116
14
16
45
3
14
11
11
91
14
9
31
1
14
8
11
66
14
11
26
2
6
1
5
32.9
34.5
32.2
33.0
90
36
38
17
17
5
8
5
57
22
30
5
11
5
5
3
39.0
42.0
38.6
599
51
548
179
9
171
160
23
137
90
42
8
2
8
7
1
-
22
24
26
5
3
8
48
12
3
25
-
-
5
9
1
3
6
3
3
3
62
10
42
10
26
6
14
5
20
13
6
2
23
1
22
24
4
20
10
23
2
21
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
-
-
-
_
53
-
53
-
_
0
6
2
92
6
85
108
12
96
-
31.0
-
36.0
6
4
_
4
2
_
-
2
32.9
31.9
30.7
30.0
31.7
32.5
31.5
27.0
33.5
33.5
37.0
34.0
33.9
28.5
32.0
31.0
33.3
29.5
30.8
27.7
,29.0
-
_
7
1
6
29.6
33.1
29.0
Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Workers in labor organization
Industry of current job
Total
workers
Total
Workers not in labor organization
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Total
16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64
years
years
years
years
years
65 years
Median
and
age
over
Black and other women—Continued
Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................
292
16
Services ..................................................................
Business and repair.............................................
Personal services ...............................................
Private household services..............................
Other personal services...................................
Entertainment......................................................
Professional services ..........................................
Education ..........................................................
Hospitals ...........................................................
Other professional services.............................
2,556
95
559
358
202
29
1,873
743
568
562
600
16
46
2
44
4
533
256
169
108
Forestry and fisheries ...........................................
(')
-
Public administration .............................................
Federal, except postal ........................................
Postal ...................................................................
State ....................................................................
L ocal....................................................................
1 Fewer than 500 workers.
372
183
52
53
84
120
42
39
15
25
4
-
54
4
6
158
0
3
157
3
11
-
-
44
5
17
21
_
-
11
6
-
-
3
2
153
88
42
23
-
-
_
-
4
6
2
2
2
-
5
-
-
-
7
(’)
1
4
41
12
17
2
10
11
-
218
9
27
2
24
-
-
-
143
62
55
26
182
91
55
36
-
39
12
14
5
7
10
-
10
8
1
-
29
11
8
6
4
_
-
27.0
276
39.4
50.0
42.0
58.0
39.7
30.7
39.4
39.8
39.7
36.8
1,957
79
513
355
157
25
1,340
487
399
454
35.3
36.5
35.5
38.0
31.0
0
252
141
14
38
59
8
74
107
59
27
27
297
23
33
13
19
5
236
96
55
84
522
33
63
23
40
8
418
123
150
145
405
10
99
46
53
6
289
96
98
95
613
13
247
204
42
5
348
143
92
113
-
-
-
0
3
3
1
23
11
2
10
-
0
4
2
-
2
O
69
39
2
12
16
95
48
7
15
26
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
workers in cell.
49
31
3
7
7
1
30.1
93
37.5
28.5
50.3
54.7
38.0
33.0
34.5
35.1
34.6
33.8
68
65
3
25
17
2
6
23.0
32
21
2
2
7
3
-
3
Dashes (-) indicate no
30.5
31.3
31.0
27.2
30.2
Table 16. Black workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and labor organization
representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Occupation of current job
All employed wage and
salary workers
Represented by labor
organization
Not represented by labor
organization
Total
Percent black
Total
Percent black
Total
Percent black
All occupations1 ...................................................................
87,480
11.8
22,493
14.7
64,986
10.8
White-collar occupations..............................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers...........................
Managers and administrators, except fa rm ..............................
Clerical and kindred workers....................................................
Sales workers............................................................................
45,955
14,436
8,953
17,507
5,059
8.8
9.6
4.9
11.3
5.4
8,483
3,997
868
3,365
253
14.2
12.4
9.9
17.5
11.7
37,472
10,439
8,086
14,142
4,805
7.6
8.5
4.4
9.8
5.0
Blue-collar workers......................................................................
Craft and kindred workers ........................................................
Carpenters...............................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters .....................
Mechanics and repairers........................................................
O th e r.......................................................................................
Operatives and kindred workers..............................................
Operatives, except transport .................................................
Drivers and delivery workers .................................................
Other transport equipment operatives...................................
Nonfarm laborers ......................................................................
Construction............................................................................
Manufacturing .........................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers .....................................................
28,414
11,083
836
2,212
4,234
3,802
13,208
9,982
2,719
507
4,123
771
836
2,516
12.9
8.6
7.4
10.8
7.9
8.3
15.8
15.8
15.0
19.4
15.5
15.9
18.0
14.6
11,763
4,571
284
1,116
1,815
1,357
5,743
4,229
1,168
346
1,448
265
436
747
13.3
8.2
5.2
8.5
8.2
8.5
16.3
16.6
15.8
15.4
17.8
18.6
17.0
18.0
16,651
6,512
552
1,096
2,419
2,445
7,465
5,753
1,551
161
2,674
506
400
1,768
12.7
8.9
8.6
13.1
7.8
8.2
15.4
15.3
14.4
28.1
14.3
14.5
19.1
13.1
Service workers, including private household.............................
12,074
20.1
2,221
24.3
9,853
19.2
1 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
NOTE: Due to rounding,
totals.
sums of individual items may not equal
Table 17. Black workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
Industry of current job
All industries..........................................................
Stone, clay, and g la ss...........................................
Electrical equipment..............................................
Instruments .............................................................
Printing.....................................................................
Petroleum................................................................
All employed
wage and salary
workers
Represented by
labor
organization
Not represented
by labor
organization
Total
Percent
black
Total
Percent
black
11.8
22,493
14.7
64,986
10.8
1,455
13.4
55
15.5
1,400
13.3
892
6.4
314
5.6
578
6.8
4,982
9.0
1,651
9.4
3,331
8.8
20,976
12,546
235
539
461
618
1,176
1,359
2,779
2^230
2,031
951
676
404
622
497
11.3
10.7
6.3
17.9
10.2
13.1
12.9
9.9
6.2
12.2
13.0
12.3
13.0
14.7
7.6
11.4
7,309
4,720
86
113
132
305
712
530
851
672
1,135
600
341
194
90
93
13.9
13.4
10.2
11.4
7.9
20.4
15.1
11.9
7.9
14.2
16.1
15.7
16.4
16.5
3.4
20.3
13,667
7,826
148
426
329
313
464
828
1,928
1,559
896
351
335
210
532
403
10.0
9.0
4.1
19.6
11.1
5.9
9.5
8.5
5.4
11.3
9.0
6.3
9.4
13.0
8.3
9.4
8,430
1,674
60
786
1,298
751
1,433
1,240
220
692
12.3
12.0
17.6
16.9
18.0
9.8
8.8
10.8
11.9
11.4
2,589
670
21
140
353
380
308
352
79
223
14.7
15.5
39.4
15.5
20.2
12.6
11.1
11.7
16.9
12.2
5,841
1,004
39
646
945
371
1,125
888
141
469
275
7.8
64
17.9
212
Total
Percent
black
87,480
Leather and not specified
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
Industry of current job
All employed
wage and salary
workers
Total
Percent
black
Represented by
labor
organization
Total
Percent
black
Not represented
by labor
organization
Total
Percent
black
Transportation, communication, and
public utilities .............................................................
Railroads...................................................................
Other transportation .................................................
Communication..........................................................
Other public utilities..................................................
6,048
579
2,662
1,447
1,359
11.7
9.9
12.4
12.2
10.7
3,113
479
1,201
776
657
13.8
10.5
15.0
15.0
12.7
2,935
100
1,461
672
703
9.5
7.4
10.3
8.9
8.8
Trade............................................................................
W holesale.................................................................
Retail .........................................................................
Eating and drinking places ...................................
Other reta il.............................................................
17,401
3,419
13,981
4,031
9,950
8.8
8.4
9.0
11.1
8.1
1,896
432
1,465
212
1,252
13.8
18.1
12.6
15.2
12.1
15,504
2,988
12,517
3,818
8,698
8.2
6.9
8.5
10.8
7.5
Finance, insurance, and real estate...........................
Banking and other finance ......................................
Insurance and real estate........................................
5,152
2,356
2,796
9.1
9.7
8.6
250
67
183
20.5
24.2
19.2
4,902
2,289
2,613
8.5
9.2
7.9
Services .......................................................................
Private household service .......................................
Miscellaneous services ............................................
Business and repair..................................................
Personal services, except private
household................................................................
Entertainment and recreation..................................
Professional services ...............................................
Medical, except hospitals......................................
Hospitals.................................................................
Welfare and religious.............................................
Educational ............................................................
Other professional services..................................
25,123
1,214
23,909
2,902
14.8
32.9
13.9
10.6
5,719
9
5,710
332
17.8
24.2
17.8
17.0
19,404
1,205
18,199
2,570
14.0
32.9
12.7
9.8
1,653
902
18,451
2,834
3,901
1,541
8,062
2,114
18.9
8.3
14.3
13.2
20.1
18.2
13.3
5.9
238
140
5,000
336
841
246
3,421
156
27.9
7.4
17.6
26.0
34.9
30.4
12.0
9.8
1,415
762
13,452
2,498
3,059
1,295
4,641
1,958
17.4
8.5
13.0
11.5
16.0
15.8
14.2
5.6
87
7.5
14
8.9
73
7.2
5,364
1,795
691
972
1,906
15.1
18.9
21.0
10.0
11.9
2,172
488
570
309
805
16.6
24.0
21.5
9.8
11.4
3,192
1,307
122
662
1,100
14.0
17.1
18.5
10.1
12.3
11.3
9.6
5.9
17.2
17.2
6.9
8.1
10.5 Forestry and fisheries.................................................
9.0
11.1 ' Public administration ...................................................
Federal, except postal .............................................
4.7
Postal.........................................................................
S ta te ..........................................................................
L ocal..........................................................................
Table 18. Hispanic workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and labor
organization representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All employed wage and
salary workers
Represented by labor
organization
Not represented by labor
organization
Occupation of current job
Total
Percent
Hispanic
Total
Percent
Hispanic
Total
Percent
Hispanic
All occupations' ....................................................................
87,480
5.4
22,493
6.1
64,986
5.1
White-collar occupations..............................................................
Professional, technical, and kindred workers...........................
Managers and administrators, except fa rm ..............................
Clerical and kindred workers....................................................
Sales workers............................................................................
45,955
14,436
8,953
17,507
5,059
3.3
2.6
2.3
4.5
3.0
8,483
3,997
868
3,365
253
4.3
3.1
2.7
5.9
5.9
37,472
10,439
8,086
14,142
4,805
3.1
2.4
2.2
4.2
2.8
Blue-collar workers......................................................................
Craft and kindred workers ........................................................
Carpenters...............................................................................
Construction craft workers, except carpenters .....................
Mechanics and repairers........................................................
O th e r.......................................................................................
Operatives and kindred workers...............................................
Operatives, except transport ..................................................
Drivers and delivery workers .................................... .............
Other transport equipment operatives....................................
Nonfarm laborers ......................................................................
Construction............................................................................
Manufacturing .........................................................................
All other nonfarm laborers.....................................................
28,414
11,083
836
2,212
4,234
3,802
13,208
9,982
2,719
507
4,123
771
836
2,516
7.7
5.4
6.4
6.2
5.0
5.1
9.5
10.7
6.1
4.1
8.3
10.8
9.2
7.3
11,763
4,571
284
1,116
1,815
1,357
5,743
4,229
1,168
346
1,448
265
436
747
7.0
5.2
3.9
4.8
5.1
5.9
8.1
9.2
4.9
4.9
8.4
12.0
6.1
8.4
16,651
6,512
552
1,096
2,419
2,445
7,465
5,753
1,551
161
2,674
506
400
1,768
8.3
5.5
7.6
7.7
4.9
4.7
10.6
11.9
7.0
2.4
8.3
10.2
12.6
6.8
Service workers, including private household.............................
12,074
6.2
2,221
7.4
9,853
5.9
1 Includes farm workers not shown separately.
NOTE: Due to rounding,
totals.
sums of individual items may not equal
Table 19. Hispanic workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980
(Numbers in thousands)
All employed
wage and salary
workers
Represented by
labor
organization
Not represented
by labor
organization
Stone, clay, and gla ss............................................
Electrical equipment ...............................................
Instruments .............................................................
Printing.....................................................................
Petroleum................................................................
Total
Percent
Hispa
nic
Total
Percent
Hispa
nic
5.4
22,493
6.1
64,986
5.1
1,455
17.0
55
22.8
1,400
16.7
892
6.6
314
5.4
578
7.2
4,982
6.4
1,651
6.0
3,331
6.5
20 976
12 546
235
539
461
618
1,176
1,359
2,779
2^230
2 031
951
676
404
622
497
6.6
6.1
7.2
6.3
11.6
6.9
4.8
6.9
3.9
6.6
49
3.2
6.5
62
8.5
12.0
7,309
4^720
86
113
132
305
712
530
851
672
1,135
600
341
194
90
93
7.2
6.0
9.5
11.6
19.9
7.2
5.6
6.4
2.6
6.0
4.1
2.8
5.9
4.8
9.8
21.5
13,667
7,826
148
426
329
313
464
828
1,928
1,559
896
351
335
210
532
403
6.3
6.2
5.8
4.9
8.3
6.5
3.6
7.2
4.4
6.9
6.0
3.9
7.2
7.5
8.3
9.8
8 430
T674
60
786
1,298
751
1,433
1,240
220
692
7.4
9.8
3.0
6.7
14.8
3.1
3.6
5.5
1.3
72
2,589
670
21
140
353
380
308
352
79
223
9.3
14.1
(1)
22.6
14.5
3.9
3.6
7.1
5.0
5,841
1,004
39
646
945
371
1,125
888
141
469
6.5
7.0
4.6
3.2
14.8
2.3
3.6
4.8
2.0
8.2
275
53
64
2.8
212
6.0
Total
Percent
Hispa
nic
87,480
O
Leather and not specified
1 Base less than 75,000.
Represented by
labor
organization
Not represented
by labor
organization
Industry of current job
Industry of current job
All industries..........................................................
All employed
wage and salary
workers
Total
Percent
Hispa
nic
Total
Percent
Hispa
nic
Total
6
Percent
Hispa
nic
Transportation, communication, and
public utilities .............................................................
Railroads...................................................................
Other transportation .................................................
Communication.........................................................
Other public utilities ..................................................
6,048
579
2,662
1,447
1,359
4.0
4.6
4.1
3.4
4.0
3,113
479
1,201
776
657
4.7
5.6
4.5
5.0
4.2
2,935
100
1,461
672
703
T rade...........................................................................
W holesale.................................................................
Retail .........................................................................
Eating and drinking places ...................................
Other re ta il.............................................................
17,401
3,419
13,981
4,031
9,950
4.8
4.1
5.0
6.2
4.6
1,896
432
1,465
212
1,252
7.8
8.0
7.7
19.3
5.7
15,504
2,988
12,517
3,818
8,698
4.5
3.5
4.7
5.4
4.4
Finance, insurance, and real estate...........................
Banking and other finance ......................................
Insurance and real estate........................................
5,152
2,356
2,796
4.1
4.2
4.0
250
67
183
9.8
10.0
9.7
4,902
2,289
2,613
3.8
4.1
3.6
Services .......................................................................
Private household service .......................................
Miscellaneous services............................................
Business and repair..................................................
Personal services, except private
household................................................................
Entertainment and recreation..................................
Professional services ...............................................
Medical, except hospitals......................................
Hospitals.................................................................
Welfare and religious .............................................
Educational ............................................................
Other professional services..................................
25,123
1,214
23,909
2,902
4.6
8.4
4.4
6.1
5,719
9
5,710
332
5.3
5.4
12.7
19,404
1,205
18,199
2,570
4.4
8.5
4.1
5.3
1,653
902
18,451
2,834
3,901
1,541
8,062
2,114
8.0
5.9
3.7
3.1
3.9
3.4
4.0
3.6
238
140
5,000
336
841
246
3,421
156
17.9
8.2
4.2
5.2
5.2
4.6
3.8
5.2
1,415
762
13,452
2,498
3,059
1,295
4,641
1,958
6.4
5.5
3.6
2.9
3.5
3.1
4.1
3.5
Forestry and fisheries .................................................
87
7.5
14
1.8
73
8.5
Public administration ..................................................
Federal, except postal .............................................
Postal.........................................................................
State .........................................................................
Local.........................................................................
5,364
1,795
691
972
1,906
4.2
4.6
4.1
3.2
4.3
2,172
488
570
309
805
4.0
3.5
4.9
3.2
3.9
3,192
1,307
122
662
1,100
4.3
5.0
.5
3.2
4.5
NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
O
3.2
O
3.9
1.5
3.8
Appendix: Survey Methods
and Limitations off Data
Current Population Survey methods
Reliability ©ff the estimates
The May 1980 Current Population Survey asked two
questions relating to participation in labor organizations.
One question related to actual membership in a union
or employee association; the other question, asked only
if the first were answered in the negative, related to
coverage of the worker by a union or employee asso
ciation contract. An employed wage or salary worker
who identified himself or herself as either a member of
a union or employee association, or as being covered
by a contract such an organization had with the em
ployer, was so classified. Only the worker’s present job
was considered.
Estimates were derived from a sample survey con
ducted by trained interviewers who collected informa
tion from about 65,000 households in 629 areas through
out the United States. Retirees, unemployed union mem
bers, and persons in the Armed Forces were excluded.
Since the estimates are based on a sample, they may
differ somewhat from the figures that would have been
obtained if a complete census had been taken using the
same schedules and procedures. As in any survey, the
results are subject to errors of response and reporting
as well as to sampling variability.
The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling
variability; that is, the variations that occur by chance
because a sample rather than the whole of the popula
tion is surveyed. As calculated for this bulletin, the
standard error also partially measures the effect of re
sponse and enumeration errors, but does not measure
any systematic biases in the data. The chances are about
2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would dif
fer from a complete census by less than the standard
error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the dif
ferences would be less than twice the standard error.
The following A and B characteristics are to be used
in the standard statistical formulas for determining
standard errors for data reported in this bulletin: For
earnings data, A = -0.0000671 and B = 8592; for all
other data, use the characteristics in table A-l.
Comparability
In 1979, the CPS survey design was modified to col
lect earnings data on a monthly basis rather than once
a year. Earnings data reported in this bulletin, collected
in May 1980, are comparable to the 1977 earnings data
reported in BLS Report 556. The parameters in table
A-l should be used in calculating standard errors for
all data (including earnings) reported in Report 556.
The figures on labor organization membership pre
sented in this bulletin are not comparable with data
from other sources due to differences in concepts, clas
sification, and coverage. Membership figures published
in the Bureau’s biennial Directory of National Unions
and Employee Associations in the United States were
based on responses to a questionnaire mailed directly
to all unions affiliated with the AFL-CIO, to unaffiliated unions that engage in collective bargaining with
different employers in more than one State, and to as
sociations that engage in collective bargaining. In 1978,
the reported U.S. membership based on the Directory
survey was 22.7 million. The membership figure deri
ved from the CPS May 1980 survey was 20.1 million.
The membership reports of labor unions sometimes in
clude in their totals persons who were excluded from
the CPS survey.'
Limitations ©f earning data
It has long been recognized that, compared to the
collection of earnings data from payroll records, the
Table A-1. A and B characteristics for calculating
approximate standard errors of numbers and
percentages
69
Type of characteristic
A
B
Both sexes:
Total or white ....................
Black and other..................
-0.0000177
-.0001474
2,267
2,267
Male only:
T o ta l..................................
White..................................
Black and other
-.0000375
-.0000423
- 0003271
2,267
2,267
2,267
Female only:
Total or white ....................
Black and other..................
-.0000166
-.0001327
1,776
1,776
collection of the same information through a household
sample survey involves the loss of a certain amount of
accuracy in exchange for a gain in specific information
on the demographic characteristics of wage earners.
For example, experience demonstrates that in a house
hold survey, the nonresponse rates are higher for ques
tions about earnings than for other questions. Over the
years since 1967, the nonresponse rate on weekly earn
ings has ranged from about 16 percent to 20 percent.
Whether the nonresponse problem produces an upward
or downward bias (or no bias at all) on the earnings
averages derived from the survey depends on how the
nonresponsive households are distributed among the
sample population. If, for example, nonresponses on
earnings tend to be concentrated among households
with high earnings levels, then the earnings levels re
ported in the survey would be biased downward. If,
however, the nonresponses are distributed randomly,
no bias would exist. (For a more complete discussion
of the merits and limitations of earnings data obtained
from the May CPS, see Technical Description of the
Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current
Population Survey (Report 601, Bureau of Labor Statis
tics, July 1980.)
70
* U. S. G O V ER N M EN T P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : 1981 341-270/4925
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