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/ 3; Earning® and O tto Characteristics f e s of Organized Workers, May 1980 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics September 1981 / Iflri:■,, r”f 0 f / ii/iCp‘S~' - £ii// P/)i s ^ III) I'J Bulletin 2105 * ©S/ - - ‘ O n J. (Wor/t sOrr/e 0 / Co. Earnings and Other Characteristics of Organized Workers, May 1980 U.S. Department of Labor Raymond J. Donovan, Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner September 1981 Bulletin 2105 F or sa le by th e S u p erin ten d en t of D ocum ents, U .S. G overnm ent P r in tin g Office W ashington, D.C. 20402 - P rice $4.25 . . Prsfaee Estimates of labor organization membership and of workers represented by unions and associations present ed in this publication are based on information collected by the Bureau of the Census in the May 1980 Current Population Survey and tabulated by the Bureau of La bor Statistics. For purposes of this survey, a labor or ganization may be either a union or an employee asso ciation that engages in collective bargaining. This bulletin cross-tabulates data on employed wage and salary workers who are members of labor organi zations and those who are not members but are repre sented by labor organizations, by occupation, industry, region, weekly earnings, sex, race, and age. All estimates in this bulletin are comparable with those published in Earnings and Other Characteristics of Organized Workers, May 1977 (BLS Report 556, 1979). The membership estimates in this report are not com parable with those published in the Bureau’s biennial Directory of National Unions and Employee Associations. The appendix briefly discusses the differences between these studies. This study was prepared by Larry T. Adams, an economist in the Division of Developments in LaborManagement Relations, under the direction of Alvin Bauman, Chief. Material in this publication is in the public domain and may, with appropriate credit, be reproduced with out permission. iii Contents Page Summary............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Occupational characteristics...............................................................................................................................2 Industry characteristics.......................................................................................................................................3 E arnings..............................................................................................................................................................3 Black workers...................................................................................................................................................... 3 Age ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Changes from May 1977 to May 1980 ................................................................................................................4 Text tables: 1. Distribution of employed wage and salary workers by labor organization affiliation and industry, May 1980 ........................................................................................... 1 2. Labor organization status of employed wage and salary workers by sex and race, May 1980 ..........2 Reference tables: Employed wage and salary workers, May 1980: 1. Represented by labor organizations by occupation, sex, and r a c e ....................................................5 2. In labor organizations by occupation, sex, and race...........................................................................8 3. Nonmembers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and ra c e .......................................... 11 4. Represented by labor organizations by industry, sex, and race........................................................14 5. In labor organizations by industry, sex, and ra c e ..............................................................................18 6. Nonmembers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race .............................................. 22 7. Represented by labor organizations by occupation and industry.....................................................26 8. Private and government workers represented by labor organizations by industry......................... 28 9. Labor organization representation of private and government workers by occupation and race .. 29 10. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time workers by occupation and labor organization representation................................................................................................................................. 30 11. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time workers by industry and labor organization representation................................................................................................................................. 31 12. Age distribution by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race..........................33 13. Age distribution by occupation, labor organization membership, sex, and race..............................38 14. Age distribution by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and r a c e .............................43 15. Age distribution by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and ra c e .................................54 16. Black workers as a percent of workers by occupation and labor organization representation.........65 17. Black workers as a percent of workers by industry and labor organization representation............ 66 18. Hispanic workers as a percent of workers by occupation and labor organization representation .. 67 19. Hispanic workers as a percent of workers by industry and labor organization representation . . . . 68 Chart: 1. Percent of employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations, May 1980........2 Appendix: Survey methods and limitations of d a t a ....................................................................................... 69 v Earnings and] ©tlhi®r ©haraeteristies ©f ©r§anii®til W®rk®rs? May 193© Summary Extending into every industrial sector and occupa tional group in the Nation, labor organizations repre sented 25.7 percent of the 87.5 million employed pri vate and government wage and salary workers in May 1980 (chart 1 and text table 1). A slightly lower pro portion (23.0 percent of the workers) were actual mem bers of labor organizations. About seven-tenths of the 20.1 million members of labor organizations were em ployed in private enterprises; the remainder worked for Federal, State, and local governments. In 1980, 42.5. percent of the civilian labor force were women. Nevertheless, they accounted for only 30.1 per cent of the employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations in May 1980. In contrast, blacks and oth er minority races1 made up 1.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutional labor force, but constituted 14.9 per cent of labor organization members in May 1980. Pro portionately more black men (33.8 percent) belonged to labor organizations than white men (27.8 percent), but the differences were even greater among women: 24.0 percent for black women and 14.6 percent for white women (text table 2). Better than half (52.3 percent) of the 22.5 million workers represented by labor organizations were bluecollar workers, 37.7 percent were white-collar work ers, and 9.9 percent were service workers. Among the 20.1 million labor organization members, 55.2 percent were blue collar, 34.9 percent were white collar, and 9.7 percent were service workers. For the 2.4 million workers not members of a labor organization but cov ered by labor agreements, the pattern was different: Only 27.6 percent were blue-collar workers compared to 61.1 percent who were white-collar workers and 11.1 percent who were service workers. Two of the ten industry groups, manufacturing and service, accounted for more than one-half (32.5 percent and 25.4 percent, respectively) of the workers repre sented by labor organizations. These two industry1 1 Workers of black and other minority races are referred to as “black workers” in this bulletin. Black persons constituted 85 percent of black and other minority races in the 1980 census. 1 groups accounted for 57.3 percent of workers belong ing to labor organizations and 63.2 percent of repre sented nonmembers. While the service industry ac counted for slightly more than one-quarter of the re presented workers, it employed 41 percent of the non members covered by a contract. Of the approximately 4.7 million Hispanic (all races) wage and salary workers in May 1980, 29 percent were represented by a labor organization, compared with 32.1 percent for blacks and 24.9 percent for whites. The greatest number of Hispanics were in blue-collar occu pations in manufacturing industries. Second in impor tance were the service industries. However, agriculture had the largest proportion of Hispanic workers. Workers represented by labor organizations earned more than those who were not. Their usual weekly earnings exceeded those of workers not represented by $42 ($320 compared to $278). Organized workers in the construction industry had the highest earnings, $405. Workers in construction who were not represented earned $121 less. While many factors are involved in worker compensation, collective bargaining through laText tab!© 1. Distribution of employed wage and salary workers by labor organization affiliation and industry, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Employed wage and salary workers Membership status Total Nonagricultural industries Agricultural industries T o ta l.............................. 87,480 86,025 1,455 Members of labor organizations.................... 20,095 20,044 51 Nonmembers represented by labor organizations.................... 2,398 2,394 4 Nonmembers not represented............... 64,986 63,586 1,400 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal to tals. ceeded these levels, however; about 63 percent of met al craft workers and machinists were represented, for example. Nearly 86 percent of motor vehicle and equip ment operatives were represented by labor organiza tions, by far the strongest representation among all bluecollar occupations. Among blue-collar nonfarm labor ers, a higher proportion (65 percent) of those employed in transportation, communication, and public utilities had labor union representation than in any other indus trial sector (table 7). Although black workers and white workers in the blue-collar occupations were represented at approxi mately the same rate (about 42 percent), there were significantly different representation rates for these groups of workers in the white-collar and service oc cupations. While 30 percent of the black workers em ployed in white-collar occupations were represented by labor organizations, only 17 percent of white workers similarly employed were covered by a collective bar gaining agreement. Though the difference was smaller, this relationship was the same in the service occupa tions, with a representation rate of 22 percent for black workers, compared to 17 percent for white workers. Generally, for both sexes, the representation rate for black workers exceeded that for white workers in each major occupational group. Of the 2.4 million workers covered by labor contracts who were not members of a union or employee asso ciation in May 1980, almost 1.5 million (5 out of 8) were white-collar workers. Although this ratio may seem Chari 1. P@re®rst of employed wag© and salary workers represented by labor organizations, IVlay 1980 Percent B oth sexes Men W om en bor organizations is at least partially responsible for the wage difference. White-collar workers had the smallest earnings gap (7 percent) between those represented and those not represented by a labor organization. The differentials for the other two occupational groups were much larger-26 percent for blue-collar workers and 47 per cent for service workers. Text table 2. Labor organization status of employed wage and salary workers by sex and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Black Membership status Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent OsoupationaS characteristics TOTAL Historically, labor organization has been most high ly concentrated among blue-collar workers. In May 1980, 11.8 million workers represented by labor organ izations were in this occupational group, nearly 11 mil lion of them employed in the private sector (table 9). Slightly more than 41 percent of all blue-collar work ers were represented by labor organizations. The pro portions were much lower for white-collar and service workers-only about 18 percent each were represented by labor organizations (table 1). Among the major groups of blue-collar occupations, transport equipment operatives were the most highly organized with a 47-percent representation rate-fol lowed by operatives (except transport) and craft and kindred workers (both with rates of approximately 42 percent), and nonfarm laborers (35 percent). Many individual occupations within these groups ex Represented.............. Members ................. Nonmembers covered by contracts............... 22,493 20,095 100.0 89.3 19,176 17,099 100.0 89.2 3,317 2,996 100.0 90.3 2,398 10.7 2,077 10.8 321 9.7 15,302 14,039 100.0 91.7 13,375 12,261 100.0 91.7 1,927 1,778 100.0 92.3 1,263 8.3 1,114 8.3 149 7.7 7,191 6,056 100.0 84.2 5,801 4,838 100.0 83.4 1,390 1,218 100.0 87.6 1,136 15.8 963 16.6 173 12.4 MEN Represented.............. Members ................. Nonmembers covered by contracts............... WOMEN Represented.............. Members ................. Nonmembers covered by contracts............... NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal to tals. 2 large, these employees constituted only 3 percent of all white-collar workers. Among blue-collar and service workers, the comparable figure was 2 percent. Industry characteristics Industries which traditionally employ large numbers of blue-collar workers generally had a higher concen tration of workers covered by collective bargaining contracts (tables 4, 7, and 8). Thus, over one-third of all employed wage and salary workers in construction and manufacturing, and. over one-half in transportation and public utilities were represented by labor organi zations. The railroad industry and the postal service, with 83 percent of the workers covered by collective bargaining agreements, had the highest representation rate. In contrast, 11 percent or less of the employees in agriculture; trade; and finance, insurance, and real es tate were represented by labor organizations. Within manufacturing, however1, there was consider able variation in the representation rate. In the prima ry metals and automobile industries, 63 percent of the employed wage and salary workers were represented, contrasted with 14 percent in instrument manufactur ing. Two-fifths of the 2.2 million employed wage and salary workers in public administration were represent ed in May 1980. Slightly more than 43.4 percent of the 6.1 million wage and salary workers employed by Fed eral, State, and local governments were represented by a union or employee association. Earnings Primarily because of higher earnings by blue-collar workers, the most highly organized occupational group, usual weekly earnings of workers represented by labor organizations, at $320, exceeded those of workers not represented by $42 in May 1980 (table 10). Blue-collar workers averaged $323, exceeding the average (mean) weekly earnings of their unorganized counterparts by $67. The widest earnings margins were achieved by workers in skilled occupations in the building trades. Organized construction craft workers, except carpen ters, surpassed the average weekly earnings of those not organized by $131. Service workers represented by labor organizations accounted for almost one-quarter of all employed full time service employees, and averaged $81 a week more than those who were not represented. The smallest earnings differential was among white-collar workers. Those who were covered by a labor agreement had average weekly earnings of $330, only $11 more than those not covered. As most high-paying professions have not been significantly organized, professional, technical, and kindred workers represented by labor organizations earned $22 less than their nonrepresented counterparts. Workers not represented were more likely to be at the lower end of the earnings scale than those who were represented. Thirty-seven percent of those not re presented earned less than $200 a week compared with 15.2 percent of those who were represented. At the top of the scale, 24.4 percent of those not represented earned at least $350, compared with 37.0 percent of those represented. In most industries, usual weekly earnings of workers represented by labor organizations were higher than those of workers not represented (table 11). The wid est differentials were found in construction, where av erage (mean) weekly earnings of workers represented were 42 percent higher than those of workers who were not. Construction, a highly seasonal industry, with usu al weekly earnings of $405; Federal Government, with an average of $395; and transportation, with an aver age of $381, were the highest paying industries for workers represented by a labor organization in 1980. Black workers Blacks made up a larger part of workers represented by a labor organization than their proportion in the to tal work force might indicate. While they made up 11.8 percent of employed wage and salary workers, they constituted 14.7 percent of those represented by labor organizations. In the white-collar occupations, especial ly in clerical jobs, black workers were more likely to be represented by labor organizations than white work ers. Although 8.8 percent of all clerical workers were black, more than 14.2 percent of the workers represent ed by labor organizations in these jobs were black (ta ble 16). Among the blue-collar occupations, the per centage of blacks as a proportion of workers represent ed by labor organizations (13.4 percent) was only slight ly higher than the proportion of blacks to all blue-col lar workers (12.9 percent). Contract coverage among black workers exceeded that for whites in most industries. In the durable goods manufacturing group, for example, more than one-half of all employed black wage and salary workers were covered compared to less than two-fifths of white workers. Age Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations had a median age of 37.7 years, 3.9 years older than the median for nonrepresented work ers (table 12). The median age of represented workers was essentially the same for each race and sex cross classification (black male, black female, white male, and white female). Workers represented by labor organizations were, on average, older than their nonrepresented counterparts 3 Of the 6.1 million wage and salary workers added to the work force between May 1977 and May 1980, ap proximately 2.2 million workers, or 35 percent, were employed in the service industries. Although the rep resentation rate for the service sector was almost 5 per centage points below the all-industry average of 26.5 percent in May 1977, approximately 35 percent of the 2.2 million additional service workers added to the work force by May 1980 were covered by a contract. As a result, the representation rate for the service sector rose from 21.6 percent in May 1977 to 22.8 percent in May 1980. Only two other industry groups gained a measurable number of represented workers. In transportation, com munications, and public utilities, the number of repre sented workers increased by 300,000, approximately 51 percent of the 591,000 additional workers employed in this group during the 1977-80 period. The representa tion rate was unchanged at about 51 percent. The num ber of represented workers in public administration rose Changes from May 1977 to May 1980 The number of employed wage and salary workers by 251,000, about 64 percent of the 390,000 workers increased by 6.2 million, from 81.3 to 87.5 million, be gained between 1977 and 1980. However, the represen tween May 1977 and May 1980. More than 90 percent tation rate remained at about 40 percent. The construction; manufacturing; trade; and finance, (5.6 million) of these new jobs were in the white-collar occupations, raising the white-collar proportion of em insurance, and real estate industry groups accounted for ployed wage and salary workers from 49.7 percent in 45 percent of the 6.1 million wage and salary workers May 1977 to 52.5 percent in May 1980. While both added to the work force between 1977 and 1980, yet blue-collar and service occupations gained workers dur showed little change in the number of represented work ing this period, the percentage of workers employed in ers. The representation rates for the construction and blue-collar occupations declined to 32.5 percent, with manufacturing industries, therefore, decreased from 37.9 no significant change in the proportion of workers in to 33.1 percent and from 37.6 to 34.8 percent, respec service occupations. tively. The representation rates for trade and finance, The number of workers represented by labor organ insurance, and real estate remained at about 11 percent izations rose by 958,000, increasing the total number of and 5 percent, respectively. workers covered by collective bargaining agreements Of the 6.1 million workers gained during the 1977-80 from 21.5 million in May 1977 to 22.5 million in May period, approximately 90 percent (5.6 million workers) 1980. However, the representation rate fell from 26.5 were employed in white-collar occupations. During this percent to 25.7 percent during the same period. This period, the number of represented white-collar employ decrease may be explained, in part, by the shift of work ees rose by 1.2 million with the representation rate sta ers from blue-collar occupations and manufacturing in ble at about 18 percent. The number of employees in dustries, where representation was high, to white-col service occupations increased by approximately 461,000 lar occupations and service industries, where it was low. with no change in the number of represented workers. The service occupation representation rate did not 2 Black male white-collar workers and black female service work change significantly. The blue-collar occupations ers were exceptions. While the median age estimates for these two showed no measurable change in wage and salary work groups were higher for represented workers than nonrepresented workers, the difference was not statistically significant. ers, represented workers, or representation rate. in each of the major occupational groups. Service work ers had the widest age differential, 8.8 years. The age differential for blue-collar and white-collar workers was 6.3 and 3.9 years, respectively. With a median age of 39.7 years, represented workers in the service occupa tions were at least 2 years older than either white-col lar or blue-collar workers. Within the major occupational groups, median age estimates for each cross-classification of race and sex indicated that, generally, represented workers were old er than nonrepresented workers.2 The age differentials were not as large when meas ured by industry. The largest differential was in con struction, with the median age of represented workers 5.1 years higher than the median for nonrepresented workers of 31.8 years (table 14). Services and manufac turing followed with differentials of 3.4 and 2.8 years, respectively. 4 Table 1. Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Occupation of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Number All occupations2 .............................................................................. 22,493 19,176 3,317 15,302 13,375 1,927 7,191 5,801 1,390 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Engineers .......................................................................................... Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................ Health workers, except practitioners............................................... Teachers, except college................................................................. Engineering and science technicians.............................................. Other professional-salaried.............................................................. 8,483 3,997 148 41 418 2,022 252 1,116 7,281 3,501 139 34 334 1,809 217 967 1,201 496 8 7 84 214 34 149 3,923 1,836 142 35 63 671 208 718 3,490 1,666 134 31 45 639 179 640 433 170 8 4 18 32 29 78 4,560 2,161 6 6 355 1,351 44 398 3,792 1,835 6 3 290 1,170 39 327 768 327 Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................ Salaried-manufacturing .................................................................... Salaried-other industries.................................................................. 868 95 773 781 91 690 86 4 83 697 87 610 641 83 558 56 4 53 171 8 163 140 8 132 Clerical and kindred workers.............................................................. Bookkeepers ..................................................................................... Office-machine operators................................................................. Stenographers, typists, and secretaries.......................................... Other clerical workers ...................................................................... 3,365 118 175 569 2,503 2,775 101 131 481 2,062 589 17 44 88 440 1,272 24 59 24 1,166 1,078 19 41 18 1,000 194 4 18 6 166 2,093 94 116 545 1,337 1,698 82 90 464 1,062 395 13 27 82 275 Sales workers...................................................................................... Sales workers in retail trade............................................................ Other sales workers ........................................................................ 253 143 110 224 124 100 30 19 10 118 45 73 105 39 66 13 6 7 135 98 37 119 85 34 16 13 3 Blue-collar workers................................................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................................................. Carpenters ........................................................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Supervisors, n.e.c.............................................................................. Machinists and job setters............................................................... Metal crafts workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................ Mechanics-auto ............................................................................... Mechanics, except a u to ................................................................... All other crafts workers.................................................................... 11,763 4,571 284 1,116 369 397 10,195 4,198 269 1,021 326 363 1,568 373 15 95 42 34 10,059 4,433 282 1,103 356 392 8,816 4,078 268 1,009 318 359 1,243 355 15 93 37 32 1,704 138 1 13 13 5 1,379 120 1 12 8 3 326 18 423 223 773 988 390 194 720 915 33 29 52 73 412 223 754 913 381 194 705 844 31 29 49 69 Operatives, except transport.............................................................. Mine workers .................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment......................................................... Other durable goods......................................................................... Nondurable goods ........................................................................... All o ther............................................................................................. 4,229 113 315 1,917 1,320 565 3,529 107 248 1,613 1,093 468 700 6 66 305 227 96 2,872 109 259 1,379 692 433 2,440 103 210 1,176 576 374 433 6 49 203 116 58 See footnotes at end of table. 11 _ 3 66 182 5 71 30 - 30 _ 1 5 2 9 _ 2 - 19 75 15 71 4 5 1,357 3 56 538 628 132 1,089 3 38 437 516 94 268 - 18 101 112 38 Table 1. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Women Men Total Occupation of current job Black and other All races White Black and other All races White Black and other Number—Continued Transport equipment operatives......................................................... Drivers and delivery workers........................................................... All o th e r............................................................................................. 1,514 1,168 346 1,277 984 293 237 184 53 1,423 1,090 333 1,203 920 282 221 170 51 91 78 13 74 63 11 17 15 2 Nonfarm laborers................................................................................. Construction....................................................................................... Manufacturing .................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................................................... 1,448 265 436 747 1,191 215 362 613 258 49 74 134 1,331 264 383 684 1,096 214 316 565 235 49 67 119 118 1 53 63 95 1 46 48 23 7 15 Service workers, including private household ...................................... Private household workers ................................................................. Cleaning service................................................................................... Food service........................................................................................ Health service ..................................................................................... Personal service .................................................................................. Protective service ................................................................................ 2,221 4 644 426 363 164 621 1,682 2 449 343 208 128 551 540 2 194 82 154 37 70 1,296 433 158 72 61 572 1,051 324 126 39 49 513 245 109 32 33 12 59 925 4 210 267 291 104 50 631 2 125 217 170 79 38 294 2 85 50 121 25 11 Percent of employed wage and salary workers All occupations2 ............................................................................... 25.7 24.9 32.1 31.0 30.3 36.6 18.9 17.5 27.4 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Engineers .......................................................................................... Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................ Health workers, except practitioners............................................... Teachers, except college................................................................. Engineering and science technicians.............................................. Other professional-salaried.............................................................. 18.5 27.7 10.6 9.6 20.1 61.8 22.7 18.2 17.4 26.8 10.6 8.6 18.2 61.7 21.7 17.3 29.6 36.0 (3) (3) 33.4 62.5 31.5 26.3 18.9 23.6 10.5 9.4 24.8 71.2 22.7 18.1 18.1 23.2 10.5 8.9 22.2 71.8 21.7 17.5 29.5 28.6 (3) 0 (3) (3) 32.0 25.9 18.1 32.5 (3) 0 19.4 58.0 22.7 18.2 16.8 31.3 (3) (3) 17.8 57.3 22.0 17.0 29.6 41.6 (3) (3) 32.9 63.0 (3) 26.7 Managers and administrators, except farm ....................................... Salaried-manufacturing.................................................................... Salaried-other industries.................................................................. 9.7 5.9 10.5 9.2 5.8 9.9 19.5 (3) 20.4 10.5 6.1 11.7 10.1 5.9 11.3 20.9 (3) 21.7 7.3 4.6 7.6 6.5 4.8 6.7 17.4 (3) 18.5 Clerical and kindred workers.............................................................. Bookkeepers ..................................................................................... Office-machine operators................................................................. Stenographers, typists, and secretaries.......................................... Other clerical w orkers...................................................................... 19.2 7.2 17.6 11.8 24.9 17.9 6.5 16.3 11.0 23.5 29.9 18.2 22.6 21.2 34.7 36.4 15.4 21.9 30.1 38.9 35.8 13.8 19.6 (3) 38.5 39.6 (3) (3) (3) 41.4 14.9 6.3 16.0 11.5 18.9 13.5 5.8 15.2 10.7 17.2 26.7 15.8 19.4 20.6 31.6 Sales workers...................................................................................... Sales workers in retail trade............................................................ Other sales workers ......................................................................... 5.0 5.4 4.6 4.7 5.0 4.3 10.9 10.4 11.9 4.2 4.4 4.0 3.9 4.1 3.8 11.3 (3) (3) 6.0 6.0 6.1 5.7 5.6 6.0 10.5 11.1 (3) See footnotes at end of table. Table 1. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Occupation of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued Blue-collar workers................................................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................................................. Carpenters ........................................................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Supervisors, n.e.c............................................................................... Machinists and job setters............................................................... Metal crafts workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................ Mechanics-auto ............................................................................... Mechanics, except a u to ................................................................... All other crafts workers.................................................................... 41.4 41.2 33.9 50.4 21.6 56.9 41.2 41.4 34.8 51.7 20.9 56.7 42.6 39.2 (3) 39.7 29.5 (3) 43.6 42.3 34.3 50.4 23.0 58.2 43.5 42.4 35.0 51.8 22.4 58.0 44.4 40.5 (3) 39.3 30.8 (3) 31.9 23.0 (3) (3) 8.1 (3) 30.9 22.9 (3) (3) 5.7 (3) 37.0 23.9 (3) (3) (3) (3) 63.1 24.0 39.9 47.1 62.8 22.9 40.2 47.5 (3) 35.2 35.6 42.6 63.7 24.2 39.9 50.8 63.3 23.0 40.3 50.9 (3) 36.2 34.2 49.5 (3) (3) (3) 25.2 (3) (3) (3) 26.6 (3) (3) (3) (3) Operatives, except transport.............................................................. Mine w orkers.................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment......................................................... Other durable goods......................................................................... Nondurable goods ............................................................................ All o th er............................................................................................. 42.4 41.1 85.8 46.8 40.8 28.1 42.0 41.6 85.3 46.1 41.0 27.7 44.3 (3) 87.9 50.5 40.1 30.5 48.4 41.4 87.1 53.6 51.4 29.6 48.0 41.7 85.5 53.4 51.2 29.7 50.5 (3) (3) 55.2 52.5 29.3 33.6 (3) (3) 35.2 33.2 24.1 32.8 0 0 33.8 33.5 21.9 37.0 (3) (3) 43.0 32.1 32.4 Transport equipment operatives......................................................... Drivers and delivery workers........................................................... All o th e r............................................................................................. 46.9 43.0 68.2 47.0 42.6 71.7 46.9 45.1 54.0 48.2 44.2 68.4 48.5 44.1 72.2 46.3 44.6 53.0 33.5 30.9 (3) 30.7 28.3 (3) (3) (3) (3) Nonfarm laborers................................................................................ Construction...................................................................................... Manufacturing................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................................................... 35.1 34.4 52.2 29.7 34.2 33.3 52.8 28.5 40.3 40.2 49.2 36.6 36.0 34.8 54.1 30.7 35.3 33.8 55.3 29.8 39.9 40.2 48.9 36.0 27.5 (3) 41.7 22.0 25.2 (3) 40.5 19.1 (3) (3) (3) Service workers, including private household ...................................... Private household workers................................................................. Cleaning service.................................................................................. Food service........................................................................................ Health service ..................................................................................... Personal service ................................................................................. Protective service ............................................................................... 18.4 .4 27.8 9.7 19.4 15.1 43.9 17.4 .2 27.1 9.0 15.1 14.2 43.9 22.2 .6 29.5 13.9 32.1 19.4 43.8 27.6 (3) 30.5 11.0 31.7 21.1 44.8 27.5 (3) 30.5 10.5 26.6 19.9 45.0 28.3 (3) 30.4 13.8 40.9 (3) 43.6 12.5 .4 23.5 9.1 17.7 12.9 35.6 10.8 .2 21.0 8.4 13.7 12.0 33.5 18.8 .7 28.5 14.0 30.3 16.9 (3) 1 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units. 2 Includes farm workers not shown separately. 3 Base less than 75,000. NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 2. Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, Slay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Occupation of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Number All occupations2 ............................................................................... 20,095 17,099 2,996 14,039 12,261 1,778 6,056 4,838 1,218 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Engineers .......................................................................................... Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................ Health workers, except practitioners............................................... Teachers, except college................................................................. Engineering and science technicians.............................................. Other professional-salaried.............................................................. 7,017 3,272 108 35 342 1,688 209 891 5,998 2,866 103 28 271 1,514 179 770 1,019 406 4 7 70 174 30 121 3,314 1,513 104 30 56 572 169 581 2,943 1,382 100 26 41 547 145 522 371 131 4 4 14 25 24 59 3,703 1,760 4 5 286 1,115 40 310 3,054 1,485 4 2 230 967 34 248 649 275 3 56 148 5 62 Managers and administrators, except farm ....................................... Salaried-manufacturing .................................................................... Salaried-other industries.................................................................. 681 57 624 605 53 552 76 4 73 558 53 505 510 50 460 49 4 45 123 4 119 95 4 92 28 28 Clerical and kindred workers.............................................................. Bookkeepers ..................................................................................... Office-machine operators................................................................. Stenographers, typists, and secretaries.......................................... Other clerical workers ...................................................................... 2,857 83 145 425 2,203 2,344 72 105 359 1,808 513 11 40 66 396 1,149 15 51 16 1,067 970 13 33 10 914 179 3 18 6 153 1,707 68 95 409 1,136 1,374 59 72 349 894 333 9 22 59 243 Sales workers...................................................................................... Sales workers in retail trade............................................................ Other sales workers ......................................................................... 207 125 82 182 111 72 24 14 10 93 40 53 82 36 46 11 4 7 113 85 29 100 75 26 13 10 3 Blue-collar workers................................................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................................................. Carpenters ........................................................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Supervisors, n.e.c.............................................................................. Machinists and job setters............................................................... Metal crafts workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................ Mechanics-auto ................................................................................ Mechanics, except auto ................................................................... All other crafts workers.................................................................... 11,101 4,308 276 1,076 288 381 9,617 3,953 261 984 247 350 1,484 354 15 92 41 31 9,545 4,190 275 1,065 278 .376 8,364 3,850 260 974 241 347 1,181 340 15 91 36 29 1,557 118 1 11 10 5 1,254 104 1 10 5 3 303 14 1 5 2 411 208 729 939 380 179 679 873 31 29 50 66 400 208 713 875 371 179 667 810 29 29 46 65 Operatives, except transport.............................................................. Mine w orkers.................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment........................................................ Other durable goods......................................................................... Nondurable goods ........................................................................... All other............................................................................................. 3,990 104 312 1,802 1,244 528 3,328 100 246 1,516 1,029 436 662 5 66 285 214 91 2,733 101 258 1,312 658 403 2,323 97 209 1,120 549 347 409 5 49 192 109 55 See footnotes at end of table. 2 9 11 - - - 16 63 12 63 4 1 1,257 3 54 489 586 125 1,004 3 36 396 480 89 252 18 93 106 36 Table 2. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Occupation of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Number—Continued Transport equipment operatives......................................................... Drivers and delivery workers............................................................ All o th er............................................................................................. 1,439 1,104 335 1,211 926 285 228 178 50 1,367 1,042 325 1,156 878 278 211 164 48 72 62 10 55 48 8 17 15 2 Nonfarm laborers................................................................................. Construction...................................................................................... Manufacturing.................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers.................................................. ............. 1,365 254 420 691 1,125 207 351 568 240 47 70 123 1,255 253 369 633 1,035 206 307 523 220 47 62 111 110 1 51 58 90 1 44 45 20 7 12 Service workers, including private household ...................................... Private household workers................................................................. Cleaning service................................................................................... Food service........................................................................................ Health service ..................................................................................... Personal service ................................................................................. Protective service ................................................................................ 1,954 2 573 369 310 134 566 1,469 398 296 169 105 501 485 2 175 72 141 29 65 1,160 385 141 59 54 520 940 285 113 31 45 466 221 101 28 28 9 54 794 2 188 227 252 79 46 530 114 183 138 60 35 264 2 74 44 113 20 11 Percent of employed wage and salary workers All occupations2 ............................................................................... 23.0 22.2 29.0 28.4 27.8 33.8 15.9 14.6 24.0 White-collar occupations ..................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Engineers.......................................................................................... Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................ Health workers, except practitioners............................................... Teachers, except college................................................................. Engineering and science technicians.............................................. Other professional-salaried.............................................................. 15.3 22.7 7.7 8.3 16.4 51.6 18.8 14.5 14.3 22.0 7.8 7.2 14.8 51.7 17.9 13.8 25.1 29.4 16.0 19.4 7.7 8.3 21.9 60.7 18.5 14.7 15.3 19.2 7.8 7.7 20.4 61.5 17.6 14.3 25.2 22.2 14.7 26.5 13.5 25.3 25.0 34.9 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) O (3) (3) 15.6 47.9 20.4 14.2 14.1 47.4 19.6 12.9 28.0 51.4 Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................ Salaried-manufacturing .................................................................... Salaried-other industries.................................................................. 7.6 3.5 8.5 7.1 3.4 7.9 17.3 8.0 3.5 9.3 18.1 5.3 2.2 5.5 4.4 2.3 4.6 16.0 18.0 8.4 3.7 9.7 Clerical and kindred workers............................................................... Bookkeepers ..................................................................................... Office-machine operators................................................................. Stenographers, typists, and secretaries........................................... Other clerical workers ...................................................................... 16.3 5.0 14.6 8.8 21.9 15.1 4.6 13.1 8.2 20.6 26.0 12.3 20.4 15.9 31.2 32.9 10.1 18.8 20.7 35.6 32.3 9.2 15.6 36.7 (3) (3) (3) (3) 35.2 38.2 12.2 4.5 13.0 8.6 16.1 11.0 4.2 12.2 8.1 14.4 22.5 11.0 16.3 15.0 28.0 Sales workers.................................................................................. Sales workers in retail trade............................................................. Other sales workers ......................................................................... 4.1 4.7 3.4 3.8 4.5 3.1 9.0 7.7 11.9 3.3 4.0 2.9 3.0 3.8 2.6 9.7 (3) (3) 5.1 5.2 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.5 8.5 8.4 (3) See footnotes at end of table. (3) (3) 27.9 50.9 27.1 21.4 (3) 26.8 19.6 (3) 18.6 0 23.4 (3) 17.0 Table 2. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Occupation of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued Blue-collar workers................................................................................. Craft and kindred w orkers.................................................................. Carpenters ......................................................................................... Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Supervisors, n.e.c............................................................................... Machinists and job setters............................................................... Metal crafts workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................. Mechanics-auto ................................................................................ Mechanics, except a u to ................................................................... All other crafts workers.................................................................... 39.1 38.9 33.0 48.7 16.9 54.6 38.9 39.0 33.8 49.9 15.8 54.8 61.3 22.4 37.6 44.8 61.1 21.2 37.9 45.4 Operatives, except transport.............................................................. Mine w orkers..................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment........................................................ Other durable goods......................................................................... Nondurable goods ............................................................................ All o th er............................................................................................. 40.0 38.1 85.0 44.0 38.4 26.3 39.6 39.0 84.3 43.4 38.6 25.8 Transport equipment operatives......................................................... Drivers and delivery workers........................................................... All o th er............................................................................................. 44.6 40.6 66.1 Nonfarm laborers................................................................................. Construction...................................................................................... Manufacturing.................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................................................... Service workers, including private household ...................................... Private household workers ................................................................. Cleaning service................................................................................... Food service......................................................................................... Health service ...................................................................................... Personal service .................................................................................. Protective service ................................................................................ 1 Limited to workers who identified themselves association members. 2 Includes farm workers not shown separately. 3 Base less than 75,000. as union 41.4 40.0 33.3 48.7 18.0 55.9 41.3 40.1 33.9 50.0 17.0 56.0 42.2 38.8 29.1 19.7 28.1 19.8 34.4 18.7 ( 3) 61.9 22.6 37.7 48.7 61.7 21.3 38.1 48.9 (3) 36.2 32.5 46.8 45.7 39.1 85.3 50.9 48.8 27.5 47.8 ( 3) 87.9 47.2 37.8 29.0 46.0 38.4 87.0 51.0 48.9 27.6 44.5 40.1 69.8 45.1 43.8 50.6 46.3 42.2 66.8 33.1 32.9 50.3 27.5 32.3 31.9 51.1 26.4 37.4 38.2 46.4 33.5 16.2 .2 24.7 8.4 16.6 12.3 40.0 15.2 (3) 24.0 7.8 12.2 11.6 39.9 20.0 .6 26.6 12.3 29.4 15.1 40.9 or employee 40.3 37.2 ( 3) 38.7 28.7 ( 3) ( 3) 35.2 33.9 38.1 41.9 ( 3) ( 3) O ( 3) 38.3 29.9 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 0 6.4 3.8 ( 3) 0 ( 3) ( 3) (3) ( 3) 0 (3) (3) (3) ( 3) ( 3) 0 21.1 23.5 ( 3) 31.1 30.3 34.9 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 52.1 49.3 27.8 32.0 31.0 22.9 30.7 31.1 20.7 39.6 30.5 31.0 46.7 42.1 71.1 44.4 43.1 49.4 26.4 24.7 22.8 21.3 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 34.0 33.4 52.1 28.4 33.3 32.4 53.6 27.5 37.3 38.2 45.8 33.5 25.6 23.9 ( 3) ( 3) ( 3) 40.0 20.1 38.5 18.1 (3) 24.7 24.6 (3) 26.8 9.4 21.1 18.4 40.9 i 25.4 (3) 28.1 12.2 34.6 (3) 40.1 10.8 .2 21.0 7.7 15.4 9.9 32.8 9.1 (3) 19.1 7.1 11.2 9.1 30.2 16.9 .7 24.8 12.3 28.3 13.4 (3) 0 27.1 9.8 25.9 18.8 40.8 ( 3) - 0 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 3. Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Women Men Total Occupation of current job Black and other All races White Black and other All races White Black and other Nonmembers covered by contracts All occupations1 ............................................................................... 2,398 2,077 321 1,263 1,114 149 1,136 963 173 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Engineers .......................................................................................... Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................ Health workers, except practitioners............................................... Teachers, except college................................................................. Engineering and science technicians.............................................. Other professional-salaried............................................................... 1,466 725 40 6 77 335 43 225 1,284 634 36 6 63 295 38 197 182 90 4 14 40 5 28 609 323 38 4 7 99 38 137 546 285 34 4 4 92 34 118 62 38 4 4 7 5 19 857 402 2 1 69 236 4 88 737 350 2 1 59 203 4 80 120 52 10 33 (2) 9 Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................ Salaried-manufacturing.................................................................... Salaried-other industries.................................................................. 186 38 149 176 38 139 10 10 139 33 105 131 33 98 7 - 45 4 41 - 7 48 4 43 Clerical and kindred workers.............................................................. Bookkeepers ..................................................................................... Office-machine operators................................................................. Stenographers, typists, and secretaries........................................... Other clerical w orkers...................................................................... 508 35 30 144 299 432 29 26 122 255 76 6 4 22 45 122 8 8 7 99 108 6 8 7 86 14 2 13 386 27 22 137 201 324 23 17 115 169 62 4 4 22 32 Sales workers...................................................................................... Sales workers in retail trade............................................................. Other sales workers ......................................................................... 46 18 29 41 13 29 5 5 24 5 20 23 3 20 2 2 22 13 9 19 10 9 3 3 Blue-collar workers................................................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................................................. Carpenters ........................................................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters................................ Supervisors, n.e.c............................................................................... Machinists and job setters............................................................... Metal crafts workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................. Mechanics-auto ............................................................................... Mechanics, except a u to ................................................................... All other crafts workers.................................................................... 662 264 8 39 81 15 577 245 8 37 80 12 84 19 2 1 3 514 244 8 37 78 15 452 229 8 35 77 12 147 20 125 16 12 15 44 50 10 15 41 42 2 12 15 41 38 10 15 38 34 Operatives, except transport............................................................... Mine workers .................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment......................................................... Other durable goods......................................................................... Nondurable goods ............................................................................ All o th er............................................................................................. 240 8 3 116 76 37 201 7 3 96 63 32 139 8 (2) 67 34 30 116 6 (2) 55 27 27 See footnotes at end of table. - 2 8 39 2 - 20 13 5 62 15 - - 2 1 3 - - - 2 - - 2 4 3 12 3 8 23 2 100 (2) 2 49 42 7 85 (2) 2 41 36 5 - ■ - 11 7 3 3 23 4 - 2 3 2 3 3 _ 4 16 - 8 6 2 Table 3. Continued—Nommember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and race, May 1930 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Women Men Total Occupation of current job Black and other All races White Black and other All races White Black and other Nonmembers covered by contracts—Continued - 19 16 4 19 16 4 _ Transport equipment operatives......................................................... Drivers and delivery w orkers........................................................... All o th e r.............................................................................................. 75 64 11 66 58 8 9 6 3 56 48 7 47 43 4 9 6 3 Nonfarm laborers................................................................................. Construction....................................................................................... Manufacturing.................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................................................... 83 11 16 56 65 9 12 45 18 2 4 11 76 11 14 51 61 9 9 43 15 2 4 8 0 Service workers, including private household ...................................... Private household workers ................................................................. Cleaning service................................................................................... Food service......................................................................................... Health service ...................................................................................... Personal service .................................................................................. Protective service ................................................................................ 267 2 70 57 52 31 55 212 2 51 47 39 23 51 55 19 10 13 8 5 136 48 17 13 7 51 111 40 13 8 4 47 25 8 4 5 3 5 131 2 22 40 39 24 4 101 2 11 34 31 19 4 30 11 6 8 5 5 8 2 5 - (2) 2 2 3 3 Percent of employed wage and salary workers All occupations1 ............................................................................... 2.7 2.7 3.1 2.6 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.4 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Engineers .......................................................................................... Physicians, dentists, and related practitioners................................ Health workers, except practitioners............................................... Teachers, except college................................................................. Engineering and science technicians.............................................. Other professional-salaried.............................................................. 3.2 5.0 2.9 1.3 3.7 10.2 3.9 3.7 3.1 4.9 2.7 1.4 3.4 10.1 3.8 3.5 4.5 6.6 (3) 0 5.5 11.7 4.4 4.9 2.9 4.1 2.8 1.1 2.9 10.5 4.2 3.4 2.8 4.0 2.6 1.2 1.8 10.4 4.1 3.2 4.2 6.5 (3) (3) (3) (3) 5.2 6.3 3.4 6.0 (3) (3) 3.8 10.1 2.2 4.0 3.3 6.0 (3) (3) 3.6 9.9 2.4 4.1 4.6 6.6 (3) (3) 5.0 11.6 (3) 3.3 Managers and administrators, except farm ....................................... Salaried-manufacturing.................................................................... Salaried-other industries.................................................................. 2.1 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.0 2.2 0 2.5 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.0 2.8 0 3.1 2.0 2.4 2.0 2.1 2.6 2.1 1.4 (3) 1.5 Clerical and kindred workers.............................................................. Bookkeepers ...................................................................................... Office-machine operators................................................................. Stenographers, typists, and secretaries.......................................... Other clerical workers ...................................................................... 2.9 2.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 1.9 3.2 2.8 2.9 3.9 5.9 2.1 5.4 3.5 3.5 5.3 3.1 9.4 3.3 3.6 4.6 4.0 (3) 3.3 3.0 (3) (3) (3) 3.2 2.8 1.8 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.6 1.6 2.9 2.6 2.7 4.2 4.9 3.1 5.6 3.7 Sales workers....................................................................................... Sales workers in retail trade............................................................ Other sales workers ......................................................................... .9 .7 1.2 .9 .5 1.2 1.9 2.8 (3) .9 .4 1.1 .8 .3 1.1 1.6 (3) (3) 1.0 .8 1.4 .9 .7 1.5 2.1 2.7 (3) See footnotes at end of table. Table 3. Continued—Wonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by occupation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Occupation of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued Blue-collar workers................................................................................. Craft and kindred workers.................................................................. Carpenters ........................................................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Supervisors, n.e.c............................................................................... Machinists and job setters............................................................... Metal crafts workers, except mechanics, machinists, and job setters ............................................................. Mechanics-auto ................................................................................ Mechanics, except a u to ................................................................... All other crafts workers.................................................................... 2.3 2.4 .9 1.8 4.7 2.2 2.3 2.4 1.0 1.9 5.1 1.9 2.3 2.0 (3) 1.0 .8 (3) 2.2 2.3 .9 1.7 5.1 2.3 2.2 2.4 1.0 1.8 5.4 2.0 2.2 1.7 (3) 1.0 .9 (3) 2.8 3.3 (3) (3) 1.6 (3) 2.8 3.1 (3) (3) 1.9 (3) 2.6 5.3 (3) (3) (3) (3) 1.8 1.6 2.2 2.4 1.6 1.7 2.3 2.2 (3) (3) 1.7 4.5 1.9 1.6 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.7 2.2 2.0 (3) (3) 1.7 2.7 (3) (3) (3) 4.1 0 (3) (3) 3.1 (3) (3) (3) (3) Operatives, except transport............................................................... Mine w orkers..................................................................................... Motor vehicles and equipment......................................................... Other durable goods......................................................................... Nondurable goods ............................................................................ All o th er............................................................................................. 2.4 3.0 .8 2.8 2.4 1.8 2.4 2.6 1.0 2.7 2.4 1.9 2.4 (3) (3) 3.2 2.3 1.5 2.3 3.0 .1 2.6 2.5 2.1 2.3 2.6 .2 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.7 (3) (3) 3.1 3.2 1.5 2.5 0 (3) 3.2 2.2 1.2 2.6 (3) (3) 3.2 2.4 1.2 2.2 (3) (3) 3.5 1.7 1.4 Transport equipment operatives......................................................... Drivers and delivery workers............................................................ All o th er................................................................. 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.5 1.9 1.8 1.4 3.5 1.9 2.0 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.0 1.9 1.5 3.6 7.1 6.2 0 7.9 7.0 (3) (3) (3) (3) Nonfarm laborers................................................................ Construction................................................... Manufacturing........................................................................ All other nonfarm laborers............................................................... 2.0 1.5 1.9 2.2 1.9 1.4 1.7 2.1 2.8 2.0 2.8 3.1 2.0 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.0 1.4 1.7 2.2 2.5 2.0 3.1 2.5 1.8 (3) 1.7 1.9 1.3 (3) 1.9 1.0 (3) Service workers, including private household ...................................... Private household workers................................................................. Cleaning service............................................................ Food service............................................................ Health service .............................................................. Personal service .......................................................... Protective service ............................................. 2.2 .2 3.0 13 2.8 2.8 3.9 2.2 .2 3.1 -L2 2.8 2.5 4.0 2.3 (3) 2.9 16 2.7 4.3 2.9 2.9 (3) 3.4 1P 5.8 2.3 4.0 2.9 (3) 3.7 11 5.5 1.5 4.1 2.8 (3) 2.3 16 6.3 (3) 3.5 1.8 .2 2.5 14 2.4 3.0 2.8 1.7 .2 1.9 13 2.5 2.9 3.4 Includes farm workers not shown separately. 2 Fewer than 500 workers. 3 Base less than 75,000. (3) (3) 1.9 (3) 3.7 17 2.0 3.6 0 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 4. Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Industry of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Number All industries..................................................................................... 22,493 19,176 3,317 15,302 13,375 1,927 7,191 5,801 1,390 Agriculture................................................................................................ 55 47 9 45 39 6 10 8 2 Mining...................................................................................................... 314 296 18 301 287 14 13 9 3 Construction ............................................................................................ 1,651 1,496 156 1,622 1,470 153 29 26 3 Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................ Ordnance ........................................................................................... Lumber ............................................................................................... Furniture............................................................................................. Stone, clay, and g la ss...................................................................... Primary metals................................................................................... Fabricated metals ............................................................................. Machinery, except electrical............................................................. Electrical equipment ......................................................................... Transportation equipment................................................................ Automobiles .................................................................................... Aircraft ............................................................................................. Other transportation equipment .................................................... Instruments ..................................................................................... Miscellaneous................................................................................. 7,309 4,720 86 113 132 305 712 530 851 672 1,135 600 341 194 90 93 6,296 4,087 78 100 122 243 604 467 784 577 952 506 285 162 87 74 1,013 632 9 13 10 62 108 63 67 95 183 95 56 32 3 19 5,671 3,864 67 90 109 258 666 459 749 397 964 521 269 174 55 49 4,945 3,392 62 79 102 216 569 406 691 347 824 449 231 144 53 42 725 473 6 11 7 42 98 53 58 50 140 72 38 30 1 7 1,638 855 19 22 23 47 45 71 102 275 171 79 72 20 35 44 1,351 696 16 21 19 27 35 61 93 230 128 57 54 18 34 32 287 160 3 2 4 21 10 10 9 45 43 23 18 2 2 12 Nondurable goods ............................................................................... Food................................................................................................... Tobacco ............................................................................................. Textiles............................................................................................... Apparel .............................................................................................. Paper ................................................................................................. Printing............................................................................................... Chemicals........................................................................................... Petroleum........................................................................................... Rubber and plastics.......................................................................... Leather and not specified manufacturing........................................ 2,589 670 21 140 353 380 308 352 79 223 64 2,209 566 13 119 282 332 274 311 66 196 52 380 104 8 22 71 48 34 41 13 27 11 1,806 532 13 84 74 323 239 285 75 158 23 1,554 451 8 72 56 280 209 255 62 140 21 253 81 5 12 18 43 30 30 13 •19 2 783 137 8 57 279 57 69 67 4 64 40 655 115 4 47 226 52 64 56 4 56 31 128 22 3 10 53 5 5 11 Transportation, communication, and public utilities............................. Railroads............................................................................................... Other transportation ............................................................................ Communication .................................................................................... Other public utilities............................................................................. 3,113 479 1,201 776 657 2,683 429 1,021 660 574 430 50 180 116 83 2,456 451 1,036 395 574 2,159 403 890 356 509 297 48 146 38 65 657 28 165 381 82 525 26 131 303 64 132 2 35 78 18 Trades..................................................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................................................. Retail .................................................................................................... Eating and drinking places ............................................................... Other re ta il......................................................................................... 1,896 432 1,465 212 1,252 1,634 354 1,281 180 1,101 262 78 184 32 152 1,241 376 865 106 759 1,066 307 760 93 666 175 70 105 13 92 656 55 600 107 493 568 47 521 87 434 88 9 79 20 59 See footnotes at end of table. - 9 9 Table 4. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, SV3ay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Industry of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Number—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................... Banking and other finance ................................................................. Insurance and real estate................................................................... 250 67 183 198 51 148 51 16 35 144 30 114 115 23 92 30 7 22 105 37 68 84 28 56 22 9 13 Services .................................................................................................. Private household service .................................................................. Miscellaneous services....................................................................... Business and repair.......................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................. Entertainment and recretion............................................................. Professional services........................................................................ Medical, except hospitals.............................................................. Hospitals......................................................................................... Welfare and religious..................................................................... Educational .................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................... 5,719 9 5,710 332 238 140 5,000 336 841 246 3,421 156 4,702 7 4,695 275 172 130 4,118 248 547 171 3,011 141 1,017 2 1,015 56 67 10 882 87 294 75 410 15 2,235 2 2,234 246 119 91 1,778 96 240 85 1,248 109 1,926 2 1,924 206 97 84 1,537 81 147 62 1,144 103 309 309 40 22 7 240 15 93 23 103 6 3,484 7 3,477 85 120 50 3,222 239 601 161 2,174 47 2,776 5 2,771 69 75 46 2,581 167 400 109 1,867 38 708 2 706 16 45 4 641 72 201 52 307 9 Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................ 14 13 1 11 10 1 3 3 Public administration .............................................................................. Federal, except postal ........................................................................ Postal ................................................................................................... State .................................................................................................... L ocal..................................................................................................... 2,172 488 570 309 805 1,810 371 447 279 714 361 117 123 30 92 1,575 317 455 194 609 1,358 255 373 182 549 217 62 82 12 60 597 171 115 116 196 452 116 74 97 165 See footnotes at end of table. - 145 55 40 18 31 Table 4. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, IMlay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Women Men Total Industry of current job Black and other All races White Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers All industries..................................................................................... 25.7 24.9 32.1 31.0 30.3 36.6 18.9 17.5 Agriculture................................................................................................ 3.8 3.7 4.4 4.0 3.9 4.2 3.2 2.9 (2) Mining...................................................................................................... 35.2 35.5 (2) 39.1 39.4 (2) 10.5 9.0 (2) Construction ............................................................................................ 33.1 33.0 34.6 35.5 35.5 35.7 7.0 6.7 (2) Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................ Ordnance ........................................................................................... Lumber ............................................................................................... Furniture............................................................................................. Stone, clay, and gla ss...................................................................... Primary m etals................................................................................... Fabricated metals ............................................................................. Machinery, except electrical............................................................. Electrical equipment ......................................................................... Transportation equipment................................................................ Automobiles .................................................................................... Aircraft ............................................................................................. Other transportation equipment .................................................... Instruments ..................................................................................... Miscellaneous ................................................................................. 34.8 37.6 36.9 20.9 28.6 49.4 60.5 39.0 30.6 30.1 55.9 63.1 50.4 48.1 14.5 18.8 33.8 36.5 35.4 22.5 29.4 45.2 59.0 38.1 30.1 29.4 53.9 60.6 48.4 47.1 15.1 16.9 42.7 47.3 (2) 13.3 (2) 77.0 71.1 47.3 39.1 35.0 69.3 81.0 63.9 (2) (2) (2) 39.6 41.5 37.8 19.7 34.2 50.8 64.2 44.1 33.9 31.2 58.1 65.0 54.0 48.5 15.4 18.4 38.5 40.6 36.3 21.2 35.3 48.2 62.9 43.5 33.2 30.7 56.1 62.5 51.8 47.5 16.3 17.4 48.4 50.2 (2) 12.9 (2) (2) 72.8 49.3 44.4 35.5 73.4 87.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) 24.7 26.4 (2) 28.0 16.1 42.6 33.0 22.5 18.0 28.6 45.9 52.5 40.4 (2) 13.3 19.2 23.4 24.4 (2) (2) 15.6 30.0 29.3 20.9 17.6 27.7 42.8 48.5 37.7 (2) 13.6 16.3 32.8 40.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 34.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Nondurable goods ............................................................................... Food................................................................................................... Tobacco ............................................................................................. Textiles............................................................................................... Apparel ............................................................................................... Paper ................................................................................................. Printing............................................................................................... Chemicals........................................................................................... Petroleum........................................................................................... Rubber and plastics.......................................................................... Leather and not specified manufacturing....................................... 30.7 40.0 0 17.9 27.2 50.6 21.5 28.4 35.9 32.2 23.1 29.9 38.4 0 18.2 26.5 49.0 20.9 28.1 33.9 31.9 20.5 36.6 51.8 (2) 16.4 30.4 (2) 27.2 30.8 (2) 34.3 (2) 35.9 45.0 (2) 19.5 24.6 55.6 28.2 31.1 41.9 34.5 26.1 34.7 42.8 (2) 20.4 22.8 53.6 27.0 31.3 38.7 33.4 24.0 45.4 63.3 (2) 15.5 (2) (2) (2) 30.1 (2) (2) (2) 23.0 28.0 (2) 15.9 28.0 33.5 11.8 20.6 (2) 27.6 21.6 22.4 27.4 (2) 15.6 27.6 33.4 12.1 19.2 (2) 28.7 18.7 26.5 (2) (2) (2) 29.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Transportation, communication, and public utilities............................. Railroads............................................................................................... Other transportation ............................................................................ Communication .................................................................................... Other public utilities............................................................................. 51.5 82.8 45.1 53.6 48.3 50.3 82.3 43.8 51.9 47.2 60.6 (2) 54.6 66.0 57.2 54.7 83.2 50.9 49.5 51.6 54.0 82.6 50.2 48.9 50.7 60.0 (2) 55.5 (2) 59.1 42.2 (2) 26.4 58.7 33.5 39.0 (2) 23.4 56.0 30.5 62.1 (2) (2) 72.5 (2) T rades..................................................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................................................. Retail ..................................................................................................... Eating and drinking places ............................................................... Other re ta il......................................................................................... 10.9 12.6 10.5 5.3 12.6 10.3 11.3 10.1 5.0 12.0 17.0 27.4 14.7 7.3 18.8 13.3 14.7 12.8 6.8 14.6 12.6 13.1 12.4 6.8 14.0 20.3 30.6 16.6 6.4 21.2 8.1 6.5 8.3 4.3 10.3 7.7 5.9 7.9 3.9 9.9 12.9 (2) 12.7 7.9 15.9 See footnotes at end of table. 27.4 Table 4. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations' by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Industry of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................... Banking and other finance................................................................. Insurance and real estate............................................................. :.... 4.8 2.8 6.5 4.2 2.4 5.8 10.9 7.1 14.5 7.3 4.0 9.3 6.4 3.3 8.2 16.8 9.7 22.1 3.3 2.3 4.4 2.9 1.9 3.9 7.4 5.9 9.0 Services .................................................................................................. Private household service .................................................................. Miscellaneous services....................................................................... Business and repair.......................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................. Entertainment and recretion............................................................. Professional services........................................................................ Medical, except hospitals............................................................... Hospitals......................................................................................... Welfare and religious..................................................................... Educational .................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................... 22.8 .7 23.9 11.4 14.4 15.6 27.1 11.8 21.6 16.0 42.4 7.4 22.0 .8 22.8 10.6 12.8 15.7 26.0 10.1 17.6 13.6 43.1 7.1 27.3 .5 30.5 18.4 21.3 13.9 33.5 23.4 37.5 26.7 38.3 12.2 24.1 1.0 24.6 13.1 19.6 17.1 29.4 17.1 25.7 13.6 44.6 9.6 23.8 1.2 24.2 12.3 19.5 17.4 29.0 16.5 20.5 11.4 46.4 9.6 26.4 (1 2) 27.4 18.9 19.9 (2) 31.6 (2) 43.2 27.2 31.5 (2) 22.0 .7 23.4 8.4 11.4 13.4 26.0 10.5 20.3 17.6 41.3 4.8 20.9 .8 21.9 7.5 8.9 13.4 24.5 8.5 16.7 15.1 41.3 4.1 27.7 .6 32.1 17.2 22.1 (2) 34.2 23.9 35.4 26.5 41.3 (2) Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................ 16.1 15.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Public administration .............................................................................. Federal, except postal ........................................................................ Postal ................................................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................................................... Local..................................................................................................... 40.5 27.2 82.4 31.8 42.3 39.7 25.5 81.8 31.9 42.5 44.7 34.4 84.5 31.2 40.4 45.9 30.1 87.6 33.1 47.9 45.4 28.4 87.3 33.6 48.6 49.6 39.8 88.6 (2) 42.2 30.9 23.0 66.7 30.0 31.0 29.0 20.8 62.1 29.2 30.0 38.8 29.8 (2) (2) 37.3 1 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units. 2 Base less than 75,000. NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 5. Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Women Men Total Industry of current job Black and other All races White Black and other All races White Black and other 6,056 4,838 1,218 9 7 2 Number All industries..................................................................................... 20,095 17,099 2,996 14,039 12,261 1,778 Agriculture................................................................................................ 51 42 9 42 35 6 Mining...................................................................................................... 286 272 14 274 263 11 12 9 3 Construction ............................................................................................ 1,574 1,424 149 1,551 1,404 147 23 21 2 Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................ Ordnance ........................................................................................... Lumber ............................................................................................... Furniture ............................................................................................. Stone, clay, and gla ss...................................................................... Primary m etals................................................................................... Fabricated metals ............................................................................. Machinery, except electrical ............................................................ Electrical equipment ......................................................................... Transportation equipment................................................................ Automobiles .................................................................................... Aircraft ............................................................................................ Other transportation equipment .................................................... Instruments ..................................................................................... Miscellaneous ................................................................................. 6,771 4,366 74 103 124 292 686 491 798 599 1,038 582 286 170 79 82 5,829 3,774 65 93 115 232 582 433 731 515 869 488 238 144 75 64 942 592 9 10 10 60 104 58 67 85 169 95 48 26 3 18 5,293 3,606 63 83 104 246 642 420 709 352 897 510 233 154 46 44 4,623 3,165 57 75 97 206 547 373 651 307 768 438 201 129 45 38 671 441 6 8 7 40 95 47 58 45 128 72 32 24 1 6 1,478 759 11 19 20 46 44 71 89 247 142 72 53 16 32 38 1,207 609 8 18 18 26 35 60 79 207 101 50 37 14 30 27 271 151 3 2 3 20 9 10 9 40 41 23 16 2 2 12 Nondurable goods ............................................................................... Food................................................................................................... Tobacco ............................................................................................ Textiles .............................................................................................. Apparel .............................................................................................. Paper ................................................................................................. Printing............................................................................................... Chemicals........................................................................................... Petroleum........................................................................................... Rubber and plastics.......................................................................... Leather and not specified manufacturing....................................... 2,405 628 19 117 326 369 290 320 75 205 58 2,056 531 11 99 261 321 262 283 62 179 48 350 97 8 18 66 48 27 37 13 25 10 1,687 498 11 74 66 312 228 262 71 144 20 1,458 423 6 66 50 269 204 236 58 128 17 229 75 5 8 16 43 24 26 13 17 2 718 130 8 43 260 57 61 58 4 60 38 598 108 4 33 210 52 58 47 4 52 30 120 22 3 10 50 5 3 11 Transportation, communication, and public utilities............................. Railroads.............................................................................................. Other transportation ............................................................................ Communication .................................................................................... Other public utilities............................................................................. 2,903 474 1,121 714 594 2,491 424 946 606 515 412 50 176 108 78 2,331 446 986 372 527 2,041 397 843 334 466 290 48 143 38 61 572 28 136 341 67 450 26 103 272 49 122 2 33 70 18 Trades..................................................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................................................ Retail .................................................................................................... Eating and drinking places ............................................................... Other re ta il......................................................................................... 1,753 389 1,363 199 1,164 1,505 314 1,191 170 1,021 247 75 172 29 143 1,151 347 803 97 706 984 279 705 88 617 166 68 99 9 89 602 42 560 102 458 521 35 486 82 404 81 7 74 20 54 See footnotes at end of table. ’ - 9 7 Table 5. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Industry of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Number—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................... Banking and other finance ................................................................. Insurance and real estate................................................................... 190 38 153 146 26 120 45 11 33 119 18 101 90 11 79 29 7 22 71 20 52 56 15 41 16 4 11 Services .................................................................................................. Private household service .................................................................. Miscellaneous services....................................................................... Business and repair.......................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................. Entertainment and recretion............................................................. Professional services........................................................................ Medical, except hospitals.............................................................. Hospitals......................................................................................... Welfare and religious..................................................................... Educational .................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................... 4,743 7 4,735 293 229 127 4,086 283 692 207 2,767 137 3,873 5 3,868 238 163 117 3,349 205 437 147 2,430 130 870 2 867 55 66 10 736 78 255 60 337 7 1,909 2 1,907 216 116 85 1,489 86 201 77 1,030 96 1,639 2 1,637 178 95 78 1,286 73 116 56 948 94 270 270 39 21 7 203 13 85 21 81 2 2,834 6 2,828 77 113 42 2,597 198 491 130 1,737 41 2,234 3 2,231 60 69 38 2,063 133 322 91 1,482 36 600 2 597 16 44 4 533 65 169 38 256 5 Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................ 12 11 1 9 8 1 3 3 Public administration .............................................................................. Federal, except postal ........................................................................ Postal ................................................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................................................... L ocal..................................................................................................... 1,812 347 509 253 703 1,505 261 393 228 622 307 86 116 24 81 1,361 236 411 164 549 1,174 192 334 155 493 187 44 77 9 56 452 111 98 89 154 331 69 60 74 129 See footnotes at end of table. - 120 42 39 15 25 Table 5. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, Wlay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All races White Women Men Total Industry of current job Black and other All races White Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers All industries..................................................................................... 23.0 22.2 29.0 28.4 27.8 33.8 15.9 14.6 Agriculture................................................................................................ 3.5 3.4 4.4 3.6 3.6 4.2 3.0 2.7 (2) Mining...................................................................................................... 32.1 32.6 0 35.6 36.2 (2) 9.8 8.1 (2) Construction ............................................................................................ 31.6 31.4 33.2 34.0 33.9 34.3 5.6 5.3 (2) Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................ Ordnance ........................................................................................... Lumber .............................................................................................. Furniture ............................................................................................ Stone, clay, and g la ss...................................................................... Primary m etals................................................................................... Fabricated metals ............................................................................. Machinery, except electrical............................................................ Electrical equipment ......................................................................... Transportation equipment................................................................ Automobiles .................................................................................... Aircraft ............................................................................................ Other transportation equipment .................................................... Instruments ..................................................................................... Miscellaneous ................................................................................. 32.3 34.8 31.5 19.1 27.0 47.2 58.4 36.1 28.7 26.9 51.1 61.2 42.4 42.1 12.6 16.6 31.3 33.7 29.6 21.0 27.7 43.2 56.9 35.4 28.0 26.3 49.2 58.4 40.5 41.7 13.1 14.6 39.7 44.3 (2) 10.0 (2) 74.1 68.7 43.1 39.1 31.1 64.2 81.0 55.1 (2) (2) (2) 36.9 38.8 35.5 18.1 32.5 48.5 61.8 40.3 32.1 27.7 54.1 63.7 46.8 42.7 13.1 16.5 36.0 37.8 33.8 20.2 33.5 46.0 60.5 39.9 31.3 27.2 52.4 61.0 45.2 42.5 13.8 15.6 44.8 46.9 (2) 9.2 (2) (2) 70.8 44.1 44.4 31.8 67.2 87.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) 22.2 23.4 (2) 24.6 14.4 41.3 32.3 22.3 15.6 25.7 38.0 47.9 29.9 (2) 12.0 16.7 20.9 21.4 (2) (2) 14.2 29.0 29.3 20.8 15.1 25.0 33.6 42.6 25.7 (2) 12.3 13.4 30.9 38.1 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 30.4 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Nondurable goods ............................................................................... Food................................................................................................... Tobacco ............................................................................................. T extiles.............................................................................................. Apparel .............................................................................................. Paper ................................................................................................. Printing............................................................................................... Chemicals........................................................................................... Petroleum........................................................................................... Rubber and plastics.......................................................................... Leather and not specified manufacturing ....................................... 28.5 37.5 (2) 14.9 25.1 49.1 20.2 25.8 34.1 29.6 20.9 27.8 36.0 0 15.1 24.5 47.4 20.1 25.5 31.8 29.2 18.8 33.7 48.3 (2) 13.4 28.1 (2) 21.8 27.6 (2) 32.0 (2) 33.5 42.1 (2) 17.3 22.1 53.7 27.0 28.6 39.7 31.4 22.2 32.6 40.1 (2) 18.8 20.4 51.5 26.3 29.0 36.2 30.5 20.0 41.2 58.5 (2) 10.4 (2) (2) (2) 25.9 (2) (2) (2) 21.1 26.4 (2) 12.0 26.1 33.5 10.4 17.7 (2) 25.9 20.3 20.5 25.8 (2) 10.9 25.7 33.4 10.9 15.9 (2) 26.6 18.1 25.0 (2) (2) (2) 27.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Transportation, communication, and public utilities............................. Railroads.............................................................................................. Other transportation ............................................................................ Communication .................................................................................... Other public utilities............................................................................. 48.0 81.8 42.1 49.3 43.7 46.7 81.2 40.5 47.7 42.5 58.1 (2) 53.2 61.3 54.0 51.9 82.2 48.4 46.7 47.3 51.1 81.6 47.5 45.8 46.5 58.5 (2) 54.4 (2) 55.2 36.7 (2) 21.6 52.6 27.2 33.4 (2) 18.4 50.1 23.3 57.3 (2) (2) 64.7 (2) T rades..................................................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................................................ Retail .................................................................................................... Eating and drinking places .............................................................. Other re ta il......................................................................................... 10.1 11.4 9.8 4.9 11.7 9.5 10.0 9.4 4.7 11.2 16.1 26.2 13.8 6.5 17.7 12.4 13.6 11.9 6.2 13.6 11.7 12.0 11.5 6.4 13.0 19.4 29.8 15.6 4.8 20.5 7.4 4.9 7.7 4.1 9.6 7.0 4.4 7.3 3.7 9.2 11.9 (2) 11.9 7.9 14.5 See footnotes at end of table. 24.0 Table 5. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers in labor organizations1 by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Industry of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................... Banking and other finance................................................................. Insurance and real estate........... ........................................................ 3.7 1.6 5.5 3.1 1.2 4.7 9.5 5.0 13.7 6.0 2.4 8.2 5.0 1.6 7.0 16.3 9.7 21.3 2.3 1.2 3.3 1.9 1.1 2.8 5.4 2.7 8.2 Services .................................................................................................. Private household service .................................................................. Miscellaneous services....................................................................... Business and repair.......................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................. Entertainment and recretion............................................................. Professional services........................................................................ Medical, except hospitals.............................................................. Hospitals......................................................................................... Welfare and religious..................................................................... Educational .................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................... 18.9 .6 19.8 10.1 13.9 14.1 22.1 10.0 17.7 13.4 34.3 6.5 18.1 .6 18.8 9.2 12.2 14.1 21.2 8.3 14.0 11.7 34.8 6.5 23.3 .5 26.1 17.9 21.1 13.7 28.0 20.9 32.5 21.3 31.5 5.8 20.6 1.0 21.0 11.5 19.2 16.0 24.6 15.2 21.5 12.3 36.8 8.5 20.3 1.2 20.6 10.6 19.1 16.2 24.3 14.8 16.1 10.3 38.5 8.7 23.1 (1 2) 23.9 18.3 19.4 (2) 26.7 (2) 39.6 25.0 24.8 (2) 17.9 .6 19.1 7.5 10.8 11.3 20.9 8.7 16.5 14.1 33.0 4.2 16.8 .5 17.7 6.5 8.1 11.2 19.6 6.7 13.4 12.7 32.7 4.0 23.5 .6 27.2 17.1 21.9 (2) 28.5 21.6 29.8 19.7 34.4 (2) Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................ 13.5 13.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Public administration .............................................................................. Federal, except postal ........................................................................ Postal ................................................................................................... State ..................................................................................................... L ocal..................................................................................................... 33.8 19.3 73.7 26.0 36.9 33.0 17.9 72.0 26.1 37.1 38.0 25.4 80.1 24.8 35.6 39.7 22.5 79.1 28.0 43.2 39.2 21.4 78.1 28.5 43.7 42.9 28.3 83.6 (2) 39.3 23.4 14.9 57.3 23.0 24.3 21.2 12.3 50.0 22.2 23.5 32.3 22.9 (2) (2) 29.4 1 Limited to workers who association members. 2 Base less than 75,000. identified themselves as union or employee NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 6. Wonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Industry of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Nonmembers covered by contracts All industries..................................................................................... 2,398 2,077 Agriculture............................................................................................... 4 4 Mining...................................................................................................... 28 24 Construction ............................................................................................ 78 Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................ Ordnance ........................................................................................... Lumber .............................................................................................. Furniture............................................................................................ Stone, clay, and g la ss...................................................................... Primary m etals................................................................................... Fabricated metals ............................................................................. Machinery, except electrical............................................................ Electrical equipment ......................................................................... Transportation equipment................................................................ Automobiles .................................................................................... Aircraft ............................................................................................ Other transportation equipment .................................................... Instruments ..................................................................................... Miscellaneous ................................................................................. 1,263 1,114 4 4 4 27 23 71 6 72 538 354 13 10 8 13 25 40 54 73 97 18 54 24 12 11 467 314 13 7 7 11 22 34 54 62 83 18 47 19 12 10 71 40 3 1 2 4 6 11 13 8 6 1 Nondurable goods ............................................................................... Food................................................................................................... Tobacco ............................................................................................ Textiles.............................................................................. ................ Apparel .............................................................................................. Paper ................................................................................................. Printing............................................................................................... Chemicals........................................................................................... Petroleum.......................................................................................... Rubber and plastics.......................................................................... Leather and not specified manufacturing....................................... 184 42 2 24 26 11 18 32 4 18 6 153 35 2 20 21 11 12 28 4 16 4 Transportation, communication, and public utilities............................. Railroads.............................................................................................. Other transportation ............................................................................ Communication .................................................................................... Other public utilities............................................................................. 210 5 80 62 63 Trades................................. r................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................................................ Retail .................................................................................................... Eating and drinking places .............................................................. Other re ta il........................................................................................ 144 42 101 13 88 See footnotes at end of table. 321 1,136 963 1 1 - 4 1 1 - 66 6 6 5 377 258 4 7 5 12 24 39 40 45 68 11 36 21 8 5 323 227 4 4 5 10 22 34 40 39 56 11 30 15 8 4 55 31 3 2 3 6 5 12 6 6 1 160 96 8 3 2 1 1 0 13 28 29 7 19 4 3 6 144 87 8 3 2 1 0 13 23 28 7 17 4 3 6 31 7 4 5 7 4 2 2 119 34 2 10 8 11 11 23 4 14 4 96 28 2 6 6 11 5 19 4 12 4 23 6 4 2 5 4 2 - 64 8 14 19 8 10 4 2 57 7 14 15 6 10 4 1 192 5 75 54 58 17 5 8 5 125 5 50 22 47 117 5 47 22 43 7 4 85 30 40 15 75 28 31 15 10 2 8 O 129 39 90 10 79 15 3 12 3 9 90 29 61 9 52 82 27 55 6 49 8 2 6 3 3 53 13 40 5 35 47 12 35 5 30 7 1 5 - 149 - - 3 - 173 0 16 9 1 1 1 5 2 2 7 1 - 4 1 2 5 Table 6. Continued—Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, Slay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Total Industry of current job All races White Men Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Nonmembers covered by contracts—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................... Banking and other finance ................................................................. Insurance and real estate................................................................... 59 29 30 53 25 28 7 5 2 26 12 14 25 12 13 Services .................................................................................................. Private household service .................................................................. Miscellaneous services....................................................................... Business and repair.......................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................. Entertainment and recretion............................................................. Professional services........................................................................ Medical, except hospitals.............................................................. Hospitals......................................................................................... Welfare and religious..................................................................... Educational ..................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................... 977 2 975 39 9 13 914 52 150 39 654 19 829 2 827 37 8 13 769 43 110 24 581 11 148 327 288 Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................ 2 2 Public administration .............................................................................. Federal, except postal ........................................................................ Postal ................................................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................................................... Lo ca l..................................................................................................... 359 141 60 57 102 305 110 54 51 91 See footnotes at end of table. - - 148 2 1 0 145 9 39 15 73 8 54 31 6 6 11 - 34 18 16 28 13 15 6 5 1 37 2 8 2 22 3 650 2 648 9 7 8 625 42 110 31 436 6 541 2 540 9 6 7 518 35 78 18 385 2 109 109 0 0 0 108 7 32 13 51 5 - 0 0 - 30 18 5 3 4 145 60 16 27 42 121 47 14 23 36 24 13 2 3 7 1 - 1 39 - 327 30 3 6 288 11 40 8 218 13 288 29 2 6 251 8 32 6 196 9 2 2 214 81 44 30 60 184 63 39 27 55 39 1 1 - Table 6. Continued—Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Industry of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers All industries..................................................................................... 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.5 Agriculture................................................................................................ .3 .3 (2) .3 .4 Mining...................................................................................................... 3.1 2.9 (2) 3.5 3.2 Construction ............................................................................................ 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.6 Manufacturing, to ta l................................................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................................................ Ordnance ........................................................................................... Lumber ............................................................................................... Furniture............................................................................................. Stone, clay, and glass...................................................................... Primary m etals................................................................................... Fabricated metals ............................................................................. Machinery, except electrical............................................................. Electrical equipment ......................................................................... Transportation equipment................................................................. Automobiles .................................................................................... Aircraft ............................................................................................. Other transportation equipment .................................................... Instruments ..................................................................................... Miscellaneous................................................................................. 2.6 2.8 5.4 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.9 1.9 3.3 4.8 1.9 8.1 6.0 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 5.7 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.1 2.8 2.1 3.2 4.7 2.1 7.9 5.4 2.0 2.3 3.0 3.0 (2) 3.3 (2) 2.9 2.4 4.2 (2) 3.9 5.1 (2) 8.8 (2) (2) (2) 2.6 2.8 2.3 1.5 1.7 2.3 2.4 3.8 1.8 3.5 4.1 1.4 7.2 5.8 2.3 2.0 Nondurable goods ............................................................................... Food................................................................................................... Tobacco ............................................................................................. Textiles............................................................................................... Apparel ............................................................................................... Paper .................................................................................................. Printing................................................................................................ Chemicals........................................................................................... Petroleum........................................................................................... Rubber and plastics.......................................................................... Leather and not specified manufacturing ........................................ 2.2 2.5 (2) 3.0 2.0 1.4 1.3 2.6 1.8 2.6 2.2 2.1 2.4 (2) 3.0 2.0 1.6 .9" 2.5 2.0 2.7 1.7 2.9 3.5 (2) 2.9 2.3 (2) 5.4 3.2 (2) 2.2 (2) Transportation, communication, and public utilities............................. Railroads............................................................................................... Other transportation ............................................................................ Communication .................................................................................... Other public utilities............................................................................. 3.5 .9 3.0 4.3 4.6 3.6 1.0 3.2 4.2 4.8 T rades..................................................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................................................. Retail .................................................................................................... Eating and drinking places ............................................................... Other re ta il......................................................................................... .8 1.2 .7 .3 .9 .8 1.2 .7 .3 .9 See footnotes at end of table. 3.1 2.8 3.0 2.9 (2) .2 .2 (2) (2) .7 .8 (2) 1.3 1.4 1.4 (2) 2.5 2.7 2.4 1.0 1.8 2.2 2.4 3.6 1.9 3.5 3.8 1.5 6.6 5.0 2.5 1.8 3.6 3.3 (2) 3.7 (2) (2) 2.0 5.2 (2) 3.7 6.2 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 2.4 3.0 (2) 3.4 1.7 1.3 .7 .1 2.4 2.9 7.8 4.6 10.5 (2) 1.3 2.5 2.5 3.1 (2) (2) 1.4 1.0 (2) .1 2.5 2.7 9.2 6.0 12.0 (2) 1.4 2.9 1.8 2.3 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 4.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 2.4 2.9 (2) 2.2 2.5 1.9 1.3 2.5 2.2 3.0 3.9 2.1 2.7 (2) 1.6 2.3 2.1 .7 2.3 2.5 2.9 4.1 4.2 4.8 (2) 5.1 (2) (2) (2) 4.2 (2) (2) (2) 1.9 1.5 (2) 3.9 1.9 (2) 1.3 2.9 (2) 1.8 1.3 2.0 1.6 (2) 4.7 1.9 (2) 1.2 3.3 (2) 2.1 .5 1.5 (2) (2) (2) 2.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 2.5 (2) 1.4 4.7 3.2 2.8 1.0 2.5 2.8 4.2 2.9 1.1 2.7 3.0 4.3 1.5 (2) 1.1 (2) 3.9 5.5 (2) 4.8 6.1 6.3 5.6 (2) 5.1 5.8 7.2 4.8 (2) (2) 7.8 (2) 1.0 1.1 .9 .7 1.1 1.0 1.1 .9 .6 1.0 1.0 1.2 .9 .4 1.0 .9 .8 1.0 1.6 .7 .7 1.5 .6 .2 .7 .6 1.5 .5 .2 .7 1.0 (2) .9 (2) 1.5 3.4 Table 6. Continued—Nonmember employed wage and salary workers covered by labor contracts by industry, sex, and race, SViay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Men Total Industry of current job All races White Black and other All races White Women Black and other All races White Black and other Percent of employed wage and salary workers--Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate...................................................... Banking and other finance................................................................. Insurance and real estate................................................................... 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.4 2.1 .8 1.3 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.1 0.5 (1 2) .8 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 .9 1.1 2.0 3.1 .8 Services.................................................................................................. Private household service .................................................................. Miscellaneous services....................................................................... Business and repair.......................................................................... Personal services, except private household.................................. Entertainment and recretion............................................................ Professional services........................................................................ Medical, except hospitals.............................................................. Hospitals......................................................................................... Welfare and religious..................................................................... Educational .................................................................................... Other professional services........................................................... 3.9 .1 4.1 1.3 .6 1.5 5.0 1.8 3.8 2.5 8.1 .9 3.9 .2 4.0 1.4 .6 1.6 4.9 1.7 3.5 1.9 8.3 .5 4.0 (2) 4.4 .5 .3 .2 5.5 2.4 5.0 5.4 6.9 6.4 3.5 (2) 3.6 1.6 .4 1.1 4.8 1.9 4.2 1.3 7.8 1.1 3.6 (2) 3.6 1.7 .4 1.2 4.7 1.7 4.4 1.1 7.9 .8 3.3 (2) 3.5 .6 .5 (2) 4.9 (2) 3.6 2.2 6.7 (2) 4.1 .2 4.4 .9 .6 2.1 5.0 1.8 3.7 3.4 8.3 .6 4.1 .2 4.3 .9 .7 2.2 4.9 1.8 3.3 2.5 8.5 .2 4.2 (2) 4.9 .2 .2 (2) 5.8 2.3 5.6 6.8 6.9 (2) Forestry and fisheries ............................................................................ 2.6 2.9 (2) (2) (2) (2) Public administration .............................................................................. Federal, except postal ........................................................................ Postal ................................................................................................... State ..................................................................................................... Lo ca l..................................................................................................... 6.7 7.8 8.7 5.8 5.3 6.7 7.6 9.8 5.8 5.4 1 Fewer than 500 workers. 2 Base less than 75,000. 6.7 9.0 4.4 6.4 4.8 6.2 7.7 8.5 5.1 4.7 6.2 7.0 9.2 5.0 4.9 6.8 11.5 5.1 (2) 2.9 (2) 7.5 8.1 9.4 7.0 6.7 (2) (2) 7.7 8.5 12.1 7.0 6.5 6.6 6.9 (2) (2) 8.0 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 7. Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation and industry, [May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Occupation of current job Total Agriculture Mining Construc tion Manufac turing Trans portation Wholesale trade and public utilities Retail trade Finance and services Forestry and fish eries Public administra tion Number All occupations2 ................................................................................ 22,493 55 314 1,651 7,309 3,113 432 1,465 5,969 14 2,172 White-collar occupations ........................................................................ Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Managers and administrators, except fa rm ........................................ Clerical and kindred workers............................................................... Sales workers....................................................................................... 8,483 3,997 868 3,365 253 4 2 29 7 2 20 - 145 43 70 32 - 880 271 95 487 27 1,062 216 96 732 18 104 6 25 56 17 642 13 134 352 143 4,253 3,098 269 842 44 4 4 1,361 338 177 843 4 Blue-collar workers................................................................................. Craft and kindred w orkers................................................................... Carpenters ......................................................................................... Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Mechanics and repairers................................................................... Operatives and kindred workers......................................................... Operatives, except transport .......................................... .................. Drivers and delivery w orkers............................................................ Other transport equipment operatives ............................................. Nonfarm laborers.................................................................................. Construction....................................................................................... Manufacturing.................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers................................................................ 11,763 4,571 284 1,116 1,815 5,743 4,229 1,168 346 1,448 265 436 747 23 5 2 4 14 14 283 134 22 41 48 136 113 17 7 13 13 1,487 1,029 190 632 104 194 114 78 2 265 265 - 6,283 1,891 36 271 1,110 3,956 3,552 205 199 436 436 - 1,962 904 15 76 259 798 95 599 104 260 260 319 71 1 10 32 182 53 118 10 66 66 618 128 4 4 67 226 153 65 8 264 264 548 270 12 59 125 205 134 58 13 73 73 10 2 1 9 9 229 137 5 22 70 43 15 24 3 49 49 Service workers, including private household ...................................... 2,221 2 2 19 146 89 9 205 1,168 - 582 See footnotes at end of table. - 2 - - 4 - (3) - Table 7. Continued—Employed wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation and industry, SViay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Occupation of current job Total Agriculture Mining Construc tion Manufac turing Trans portation Wholesale and public trade utilities Retail trade Finance and services Forestry and fish eries Public administra tion Percent of employed wage and salary workers All occupations1 23............................................................................... 25.7 3.8 35.2 33.1 34.8 51.5 12.6 10.5 19.7 16.1 40.5 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................................................. Sales workers....................................................................................... 18.5 27.7 9.7 19.2 5.0 2.7 0 0 0 (4) 10.2 6.5 0 16.7 0 12.2 19.4 12.7 8.2 (4) 12.3 11.3 5.9 18.2 5.4 38.4 33.8 16.9 49.2 0 4.6 4.1 3.9 7.8 2.2 8.5 6.4 6.1 13.9 5.4 20.5 32.4 10.1 11.2 4.4 (4) (4) O O 36.3 31.3 26.2 42.6 0 Blue-collar workers................................................................................. Craft and kindred w orkers.................................................................. Carpenters ......................................................................................... Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Mechanics and repairers.................................................................. Operatives and kindred workers......................................................... Operatives, except transport............................................................ Drivers and delivery workers............................................................ Other transport equipment operatives ............................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................................................. Construction...................................................................................... Manufacturing.................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................................................... 41.4 41.2 33.9 50.4 42.9 43.5 42.4 43.0 68.2 35.1 34.4 52.2 29.7 8.1 0 (4) 0 0 0 0 (4) 7.5 47.1 51.0 (4) O (4) 42.7 41.1 0 O (4) 39.6 41.1 31.3 46.4 39.3 39.6 39.9 39.9 (4) 34.4 34.4 46.9 45.8 42.7 67.6 57.1 46.9 46.1 45.6 69.8 52.2 62.6 67.7 (4) 70.3 66.0 57.0 60.9 53.2 88.3 64.8 21.3 12.9 O (4) 10.8 22.6 22.4 21.7 (4) 28.9 20.8 23.2 (4) 40.7 21.1 22.3 20.0 26.6 O 13.2 (4) 0 (4) (4) (4) 41.0 45.0 (4) (4) 46.2 41.4 (4) 0 0 32.5 Service workers, including private household ...................................... 18.4 0 1 2 3 4 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units. Includes farm workers not shown separately. Fewer than 500 workers. Base less than 75,000. - 7.5 - 52.2 - 64.8 28.9 21.8 (4) (4) 16.8 36.1 33.7 37.4 0 24.1 24.1 (4) 36.5 60.1 (4) - - (4) (4) - - - - (4) - - 28.9 13.2 (4) 32.5 5.8 17.0 (4) 55.0 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 8. Employed private and government wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations’ by industry, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Government Private Number repre sented Percent of private wage and salary workers Number repre sented Percent of govern ment wage and salary workers All industries ............................................................................. 15,526 21.7 6,968 43.4 Agriculture........................................................................................ 50 3.5 5 O Mining .............................................................................................. 312 35.1 2 (2) Construction..................................................................................... 1,431 32.2 220 40.8 Manufacturing, to ta l........................................................................ Durable g oods...............................................................-............... Nondurable goods........................................................................ 7,252 4,671 2,581 34.8 37.5 30.7 57 49 8 45.3 48.5 (2) Transportation, communication, and public utilities ...................... Railroads and railway express..................................................... Other transportation...................................................................... Other utilities................................................................................. 2,707 471 1,036 1,199 51.3 82.8 44.0 51.0 406 8 165 233 52.4 (2) 53.4 51.2 Trade ............................................................................................... Retail............................................................................................. 1,886 432 1,454 10.9 12.6 10.5 10 (2) 10 (2) (2) (2) Finance, insurance, and real estate............................................... 217 4.3 33 Private household services.................................................... ........ 9 .7 Miscellaneous services ................................................................... Business and repair...................................................................... Personal services, except private household.............................. Entertainment and recreation...................................................... Medical, except hospitals............................................................. Hospitals........................................................................................ Welfare and religious.................................................................... Educational ................................................................................... Other professional services......................................................... 1,657 326 236 127 175 409 43 201 139 11.1 11.4 14.4 15.2 7.4 14.9 4.6 12.9 6.9 Forestry and fisheries...................................................................... 4 Industry of current job Public administration........................................................................ ' Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units. 2 Base less than 75,000. - 4,053 6 2 14 160 432 203 3,220 17 f) 10 - 2,172 26.7 45.3 (2) (2) (2) 34.5 37.5 33.1 49.5 18.1 (2) 40.5 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 9. Employed private and government wage and salary workers represented by labor organizations1 by occupation and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Private Occupation of current job Number repre sented Government Percent represented by labor organizations All races White Black and other Number repre sented Percent represented by labor organizations All races White Black and other All occupations1 2 ............................................................................... 15,526 21.7 20.9 28.2 6,968 43.4 43.3 44.3 White-collar occupations ....................................................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers.................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................ Clerical and kindred workers............................................................... Sales workers...................................................................................... 3,619 983 490 1,899 246 10.4 11.6 6.4 14.0 4.9 9.7 11.0 6.1 13.1 4.6 19.4 18.6 13.4 23.1 10.7 4,864 3,014 378 1,465 7 43.1 50.6 28.3 37.0 (3) 42.6 50.4 27.8 35.9 (3) 46.0 52.9 33.6 42.0 (3) Blue-collar workers................................................................................. Craft and kindred workers.................................................................. Carpenters ........................................................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................... Mechanics and repairers.................................................................. Operatives and kindred workers......................................................... Operatives, except transport............................................................ Drivers and delivery workers............................................................ Other transport equipment operatives ............................................. Nonfarm laborers................................................................................. Construction...................................................................................... Manufacturing................................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers................................................................ 10,858 4,128 262 999 1,650 5,478 4,163 987 328 1,252 205 433 615 41.1 40.6 33.1 51.3 42.0 43.5 42.5 42.6 67.8 34.2 31.5 52.0 28.2 40.9 40.7 33.9 52.7 41.8 43.3 42.2 42.2 71.6 33.6 30.0 52.6 27.8 42.2 39.0 (3) 39.7 45.2 44.8 44.5 44.9 50.2 37.7 38.6 49.2 30.9 905 443 22 117 164 266 66 181 18 196 60 4 132 45.4 48.4 (3) 43.9 53.5 43.0 34.1 45.2 (3) 42.5 49.6 (3) 39.4 45.1 49.6 (3) 44.6 56.2 42.0 32.9 45.0 (3) 39.3 48.9 (3) 34.2 46.3 40.3 (3) (3) (3) 46.5 (3) 46.3 (3) 52.5 (3) (3) 52.1 Service workers, including private household ...................................... 1,025 11.0 9.6 16.6 1,197 43.7 45.1 38.7 1 Includes members and nonmembers in bargaining units. 2 Includes farm workers not shown separately. 3 Base less than 75,000. NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no workers in cell. Table 10. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Percent not represented by labor organizations Percent represented by labor organizations receiving weekly earnings ofreceiving weekly earnings ofNumber Number not Average Average repre repre Percent weekly weekly sented sented repre $400 earnings by labor $400 earnings by labor Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350sented and (mean) organi and (mean) organi $150 $199 $249 $299 $349 $399 by labor $150 SI 99 $249 $299 $349 $399 over over zation zation organi zations Full-time workers Occupation of current job Total Earn ings ratio' All occupations2 .................................................. 68,510 29.5 20,178 5.1 10.1 15.7 16.1 16.0 12.7 24.2 $320 48,332 17.1 19.9 16.7 12.5 9.5 5.5 18.9 $278 1.15 White-collar occupations.......................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers................................................................... Managers and administrators, except farm .......... Clerical and kindred workers ................................. Sales workers ......................................................... 36,365 20.7 7,511 3.0 9.8 16.4 18.7 15.7 12.5 23.8 330 28,854 11.8 18.5 15.7 12.6 10.3 6.4 24.6 309 1.07 11,788 7,044 14,167 3,366 28.8 12.0 21.5 6.7 3,399 843 3,044 225 1.0 .7 5.0 (3) 4.8 2.6 16.8 (3) 17.2 3.8 18.6 (3) 20.6 9.0 20.1 0 15.6 10.5 16.8 (3) 12.7 16.2 11.5 (3) 27.9 57.1 11.1 0 349 450 281 (3) 8,389 6,201 11,123 3,141 4.4 4.1 19.9 18.1 7.9 8.8 32.6 16.1 11.6 12.3 21.2 14.1 16.8 10.2 11.2 11.0 13.5 14.1 5.6 10.8 9.9 8.2 3.3 4.7 35.9 42.4 6.1 25.2 371 400 215 297 .94 1.12 1.30 (3) Blue-collar workers ................................................... Craft and kindred workers...................................... Carpenters............................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters ........................................................... Mechanics and repairers..................................... Operatives and kindred workers ........................... Operatives, except transport............................... Drivers and delivery workers............................... Other transport equipment operatives............... Nonfarm laborers.................................................... Construction ......................................................... Manufacturing....................................................... All other nonfarm laborers .................................. 24,714 10,152 726 44.7 42.4 32.4 11,046 4,306 236 5.0 2.5 (3) 9.2 3.2 (3) 14.4 8.9 (3) 14.5 12.2 (3) 16.7 16.3 (3) 13.8 16.3 (3) 26.4 40.6 (3) 323 369 (3) 13,667 5,846 491 16.3 5.8 10.2 20.1 11.9 19.0 20.0 16.4 19.7 14.0 17.9 20.4 10.9 16.8 13.4 5.5 8.7 8.1 13.3 22.7 9.2 256 309 252 1.26 1.19 (3) 1,805 3,915 11,510 8,746 2,372 392 3,051 715 804 1,533 54.5 45.3 46.5 45.1 46.9 77.5 45.4 47.4 62.5 35.4 983 1,774 5,356 3,940 1,112 304 1,384 339 502 543 1.6 1.6 7.4 8.9 3.7 1.3 3.8 3.9 3.1 4.4 .4 5.0 12.9 15.5 5.3 7.0 13.3 11.3 16.1 11.9 6.6 8.9 18.6 19.5 16.6 14.5 15.3 18.5 18.8 10.0 8.5 14.1 15.0 16.4 12.1 7.9 19.7 9.7 13.2 31.9 14.1 17.1 15.2 13.3 17.8 30.5 23.7 21.6 22.7 25.9 13.7 18.4 12.3 12.2 12.0 15.7 11.6 16.6 14.7 5.7 55.0 34.8 18.5 14.2 32.5 23.2 12.6 18.4 11.4 10.2 409 353 295 280 339 331 290 305 286 284 821 2,141 6,154 4,806 1,260 88 1,667 376 302 990 9.2 2.1 23.6 25.4 18.2 0 26.4 17.9 23.5 30.6 11.3 12.3 25.1 25.8 21.2 (3) 30.0 30.8 28.1 30.3 13.5 16.6 23.0 23.9 19.8 (3) 21.8 25.7 19.4 21.0 24.8 23.1 11.7 10.9 15.6 (3) 8.4 5.6 16.4 7.1 19.9 17.1 5.9 5.5 7.0 (3) 9.1 10.4 10.6 8.2 9.6 11.0 3.4 3.0 4.2 (3) 1.8 3.1 0 1.8 11.8 17.7 7.3 5.5 14.0 (3) 2.5 6.4 2.0 1.1 278 302 221 214 245 (3) 202 228 211 190 1.47 1.17 1.34 1.31 1.38 (3) 1.43 1.34 1.35 1.50 6,606 24.3 1,605 15.4 18.0 21.0 15.4 12.1 6.5 11.6 255 5,002 45.6 26.0 13.5 8.2 2.0 1.1 3.6 174 1.47 Service workers, including private household ................................................................. ' Ratio of earnings of workers covered by labor-management agreements to those not covered by agreements. workers in ceil. 2 Includes farm workers not shown separately. 3 Base less than 300,000 or percent less than 0.1. NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no Table 11. Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Percent represented by labor organizations Percent not represented by labor organizations Number receiving weekly earnings ofreceiving weekly earnings ofNumber not repre Average repre Average Percent sented weekly sented weekly repre by labor $400 earnings by $400 earnings sented Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350organi labor and (mean) and (mean) by labor $150 SI 99 $249 $299 $349 $399 $150 $199 $249 $299 $349 $399 zation over organi over organi zation zations Full-time workers Industry of current job Total All industries .................................................. 68,510 29.5 20,178 Agriculture............................................................... 1,099 2.8 31 Mining..................................................................... 691 35.0 242 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Construction ........................................................... 3,864 39.0 1,506 2.1 3.8 7.5 8.5 14.6 11.3 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... A ircra ft............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 19,207 12,126 2,753 2,775 1,998 863 670 465 4,600 37.5 40.3 54.2 32.7 55.7 63.9 44.4 56.8 29.8 7,196 4,885 1,493 906 1,113 551 297 264 1,373 6.0 4.8 3.3 1.4 2.7 4.4 (2) (2) 10.5 11.9 9.4 10.1 6.7 1.7 2.1 (2) (2) 16.6 16.2 16.7 16.5 14.8 11.1 9.3 (2) (2) 22.8 16.0 17.9 16.0 20.0 15.6 9.7 (2) (2) 20.4 15.7 16.0 16.4 13.5 23.7 21.9 (2) (2) 10.8 14.1 15.4 11.7 21.9 19.7 26.9 (2) (2) 11.5 Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food ................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum................................ Other nondurable g oods................................. 7,081 1,374 692 905 609 1,103 1,272 924 32.6 40.3 15.4 27.4 54.6 22.8 36.3 28.4 2,312 553 106 248 332 251 462 263 8.3 1.6 (2) (2) (2) (2) 4.2 (2) 17.2 16.2 (2) (2) 15.9 (2) 5.6 (2) 15.2 12.6 (2) (2) 16.7 (2) 16.9 (2) 12.0 15.1 (2) (2) 14.7 (2) 13.6 (2) 15.1 22.8 (2) (2) 12.3 (2) 26.9 (2) Transportation, communication, and public utilities ........................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 4,893 2,797 1,413 1,318 47.8 54.7 55.4 43.7 2,337 1,530 783 576 2.2 1.4 2.4 2.2 6.8 3.2 11.3 4.8 12.4 9.1 15.1 16.9 16.4 12.4 17.7 19.6 T rade...................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................ Retail ................................................................... 11,237 3,027 8,210 13.2 14.4 12.8 1,487 436 1,051 7.6 8.4 7.2 11.6 4.1 14.7 17.5 23.8 14.8 Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 4,446 5.9 262 (2) (2) (2) See footnotes at end of table. 5.1 (2) 10.1 (2) 15.7 (2) 16.1 12.7 $320 48,332 17.1 19.9 16.7 12.5 9.5 5.5 18.9 $278 (2) 1,069 33.9 29.0 14.4 12.4 5.2 2.6 2.5 193 (2) (2) 449 1.5 13.9 12.5 12.1 5.5 14.7 39.7 370 (2) 52.2 405 2,358 8.1 18.5 18.5 19.8 12.7 6.8 15.5 284 1.42 20.1 19.9 26.0 21.7 25.5 25.8 (2) (2) 7.4 303 309 317 322 340 347 (2) (2) 266 12,011 7,241 1,260 1,869 885 312 373 201 3,227 11.4 8.0 7.2 4.1 4.6 4.7 5.3 (2) 11.5 17.0 15.0 14.7 12.9 6.5 4.9 5.5 (2) 18.6 17.7 18.0 18.6 19.9 13.3 15.3 11.3 (2) 18.0 12.5 13.6 15.5 11.6 12.9 12.5 13.4 (2) 14.1 9.8 10.8 10.1 12.1 16.3 15.4 19.2 (2) 8.7 6.1 6.9 6.5 8.1 10.4 9.8 7.8 (2) 5.5 25.5 27.8 27.4 31.4 36.1 37.4 37.5 (2) 23.6 309 324 322 341 377 385 396 (2) 299 .98 .95 .98 .94 .90 .90 (2) (2) .89 11.6 16.0 (2) (2) 15.8 (2) 10.5 (2) 20.5 15.7 (2) (2) 24.5 (2) 22.3 (2) 292 301 (2) (2) 322 (2) 310 (2) 4,770 820 585 658 277 852 810 661 16.6 7.0 24.1 43.6 (2) 11.0 7.0 20.3 20.2 22.8 26.5 26.8 (2) 20.2 8.7 23.2 17.2 18.2 25.3 10.7 (2) 22.8 13.7 15.5 10.8 7.6 11.4 6.2 (2) 13.8 12.2 9.8 8.3 12.0 6.9 5.1 (2) 8.3 11.5 7.5 4.8 6.2 1.0 .8 (2) 5.4 6.6 7.1 22.0 26.3 4.8 6.9 (2) 18.5 40.3 16.6 288 308 216 196 (2) 272 382 267 1.01 .98 (2) (2) (2) (2) .81 (2) 16.9 18.4 17.5 17.9 12.4 16.7 13.4 11.1 32.9 38.7 22.6 27.5 359 381 334 337 2,556 1,267 630 742 8.2 8.1 6.5 9.5 15.1 16.1 13.7 13.0 15.5 13.2 13.7 20.1 11.3 12.3 10.2 10.8 12.0 10.8 14.9 10.5 6.1 5.8 1.9 9.5 31.8 33.7 39.1 26.6 330 326 369 314 1.09 1.17 .91 1.07 15.9 15.0 16.3 18.6 16.1 19.6 11.5 12.3 11.2 17.4 20.3 16.2 294 300 292 9,750 2,591 7,159 24.5 8.0 30.5 20.9 16.3 22.5 16.6 19.7 15.6 10.7 11.5 10.4 9.5 12.5 8.4 4.9 7.0 4.2 12.8 25.1 8.4 247 314 222 1.19 .95 1.32 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 4,184 12.6 25.3 18.5 11.5 7.3 4.5 20.4 285 (2) (2) 16.0 (2) (2) 24.2 Earn ings ratio1 (2) 1.15 (2) Table 11. Continued—Usual weekly earnings of employed full-time wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Percent not represented by labor organizations Percent represented by labor organizations Number receiving weekly earnings ofreceiving weekly earnings ofnot Number Average Average repre repre Percent weekly weekly sented sented repre $400 earnings $400 earnings by by labor Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350Under $150- $200- $250- $300- $350sented and (mean) labor and (mean) organi $150 $199 $249 $299 $349 $399 $150 SI 99 $249 $299 $349 $399 by labor over organi over zation organi zation zations Full-time workers Industry of current job Total Earn ings ratio1 Services.................................................................. Business and repair............................................. Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... 17,673 2,329 1,463 458 1,005 385 25.5 14.9 10.8 1.6 14.9 15.5 4,510 347 158 7 150 60 7.6 8.0 0 (2) (2) (2) 12.9 16.0 (1 2) (2) (2) (2) 20.7 22.7 (2) (2) (2) (2) 19.5 16.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) 12.9 12.0 (2) (2) (2) (2) 9.0 7.8 (2) (2) (2) (2) 17.4 17.5 (2) (2) (2) (2) $291 295 (2) (2) (2) (2) 13,163 1,982 1,306 451 855 326 22.0 12.2 57.7 82.0 44.9 26.5 21.4 22.6 16.1 9.1 19.7 21.8 15.6 13.9 12.0 4.5 15.9 18.9 13.2 14.8 4.0 1.8 5.1 11.6 8.8 10.5 3.0 .2 4.4 11.0 5.0 5.4 1.2 .8 1.4 2.5 14.1 20.7 6.2 1.7 8.5 7.6 $255 288 164 105 196 247 1.14 1.03 (2) (2) (2) (2) Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 13,495 5,492 3,218 4,785 29.2 48.8 19.8 13.2 3,946 2,678 636 632 6.6 6.3 3.6 11.0 12.1 8.8 20.9 17.2 20.4 19.8 25.7 17.8 20.5 21.9 18.2 16.6 13.4 12.1 18.6 13.6 9.1 10.2 5.8 7.5 17.9 20.8 7.3 16.4 295 303 266 287 9,549 2,814 2,581 4,154 19.1 21.2 15.2 20.0 21.8 17.5 23.2 23.9 16.3 14.7 20.2 15.0 14.2 13.9 17.4 12.4 9.1 10.3 9.1 8.3 5.5 7.0 5.1 4.8 14.0 15.3 9.8 15.7 260 261 256 262 1.13 1.16 1.04 1.09 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 69 (2) 17 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) 51 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal .................................................................. S ta te .................................................................... Local..................................................................... 4,695 1,636 603 872 1,584 43.4 29.8 85.4 32.3 47.5 2,037 487 515 282 753 1.1 .3 1.3 (2) 2.0 7.4 8.3 .2 (2) 8.6 11.5 8.7 3.4 (2) 19.3 17.2 16.7 13.4 (2) 20.1 20.2 12.5 34.7 (2) 17.2 16.0 9.8 28.5 (2) 12.1 26.6 43.7 18.4 (2) 20.6 348 395 348 (2) 316 2,658 1,149 88 590 831 10.5 8.0 (2) 4.7 18.6 17.4 13.0 (2) 15.9 24.6 15.5 12.9 (2) 17.9 19.0 12.2 11.0 (2) 22.3 5.6 12.4 13.2 (2) 10.5 11.4 7.9 8.6 (2) 9.4 5.5 24.0 33.2 (2) 19.3 15.2 311 366 (2) 289 251 1.12 1.08 (2) (2) 1.26 1 Ratio of earnings of workers covered by labor-management agreements to those not covered by agreements. workers in cell. 2 Base less than 300,000 or percent less than 0.1. NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Dashes (-) indicate no Table 12. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, Wlay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years age years years over Both sexes All occupations1 .............................................. 87,480 22,493 117 2,874 6,767 4,990 7,490 256 37.7 64,986 2,643 14,433 17,330 12,098 16,562 1,920 33.8 White-collar occupations ...................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 45,955 8,483 37 915 2,839 1,983 2,594 115 37.2 37,472 713 6,872 10,882 7,797 10,233 974 35.3 14,436 3,997 4 279 1,522 1,013 1,132 47 36.5 10,439 44 1,404 3,788 2,424 2,563 216 34.8 8,953 17,507 5,059 868 3,365 253 2 26 5 45 544 47 243 994 80 223 708 40 341 1,046 75 15 47 6 42.2 37.1 34.1 8,086 14,142 4,805 7 407 256 684 3,720 1,065 2,184 3,700 1,210 2,002 2,517 853 2,967 3,492 1,211 241 307 211 40.5 32.8 33.9 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred w orkers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 28,414 11,083 836 11,763 4,571 284 63 6 2 1,659 475 38 3,361 1,343 103 2,532 1,033 50 4,061 1,687 91 87 28 37.6 38.8 34.9 16,651 6,512 552 700 76 9 4,653 1,464 171 4,348 1,939 173 2,756 1,215 70 3,848 1,702 119 346 116 11 31.3 33.8 29.5 2,212 4,234 13,208 9,982 2,719 1,116 1,815 5,743 4,229 1,168 2 114 185 837 669 104 368 505 1,618 1,188 328 232 436 1,251 866 312 388 684 1,978 1,457 416 11 4 44 36 8 37.1 39.4 37.7 37.3 39.3 1,096 2,419 7,465 5,753 1,551 21 28 210 177 29 287 624 2,080 1,616 409 323 793 1,927 1,465 417 183 414 1,302 1,013 269 262 525 1,785 1,372 381 20 37 161 109 47 31.7 31.8 31.7 31.5 33.0 507 4,123 771 836 2,516 346 1,448 265 436 747 39 64 347 46 84 217 102 400 77 130 194 74 248 40 100 107 105 396 95 118 183 15 3 5 8 35.7 32.2 35.2 34.6 30.0 161 2,674 506 400 1,768 3 414 27 16 371 55 1,109 239 160 711 46 482 106 95 280 20 239 56 52 131 32 361 76 73 212 5 69 3 5 62 27.7 23.7 24.8 27.3 22.5 12,074 2,221 17 296 558 470 828 52 39.7 9,853 1,127 2,629 1,895 1,378 2,271 553 30.9 All occupations1 .............................................. 49,348 15,302 77 1,931 4,566 3,363 5,210 154 37.9 34,046 1,430 7,158 9,245 6,252 8,877 1,085 34.1 White-collar occupations ...................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ......................................... Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers................................ 20,725 3,923 13 330 1,233 942 1,350 56 38.9 16,803 196 2,109 5,022 3,766 5,172 537 37.4 7,783 1,836 99 661 497 560 19 37.6 5,948 23 633 2,091 1,406 1,668 126 36.0 6,626 3,497 2,819 697 1,272 118 1 10 2 32 178 20 191 339 42 185 242 18 278 477 35 10 25 2 42.3 39.9 34.5 5,929 2,225 2,701 4 77 92 399 582 495 1,540 596 793 1,536 307 518 2,262 557 685 188 105 118 41.4 32.6 34.9 Blue-collar workers........................... Craft and kindred workers......................... Carpenters ............................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters.............................. Mechanics and repairers............................. 23,071 10,484 824 10,059 4,433 282 53 6 2 1,433 455 38 2,951 1,302 101 2,135 995 50 3,423 1,650 91 64 26 37.2 38.8 35.0 13,012 6,051 542 627 71 9 3,817 1,364 160 3,431 1,797 173 2,014 1,127 70 2,851 1,587 119 271 105 11 30.4 33.8 29.6 2,187 4,131 1,103 1,780 2 110 177 365 493 228 426 387 679 11 4 37.2 39.4 1,084 2,351 20 28 283 606 318 767 181 399 261 517 20 35 31.9 31.8 Service workers, including private household................................................. - 15 13 - 2 43 3 - _ - Men See footnotes at end of table. - - Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Men—Continued 36.6 35.4 39.7 4,598 3,068 1,377 169 137 29 1,451 1,015 382 1,229 819 367 697 468 211 954 576 346 98 52 41 29.5 28.4 32.5 15 3 5 8 35.5 32.3 35.4 34.0 30.1 154 2,363 494 325 1,544 3 387 25 16 347 54 1,001 232 131 638 42 405 105 77 223 17 191 53 41 97 32 311 76 56 178 5 68 3 5 61 27.7 23.3 25.0 27.1 21.8 432 32 38.4 3,396 521 1,012 625 334 673 231 27.5 2,913 4,590 137 37.9 30,711 1,311 6,393 8,286 5,638 8,111 970 34.2 1,103 844 1,218 54 39.1 15,767 172 1,935 4,655 3,531 4,962 512 37.7 81 601 453 512 19 37.7 5,524 21 593 1,932 1,287 1,583 108 36.1 1 7 2 29 136 16 180 283 39 162 213 16 259 416 31 10 23 2 42.5 40.8 34.6 5,716 1,929 2,597 3 62 85 383 496 464 1,460 502 762 1,482 261 500 2,201 507 671 187 102 116 41.6 33.2 35.1 46 4 2 1,285 412 36 2,567 1,198 96 1,844 902 47 3,017 1,537 87 57 26 37.3 39.1 34.9 11,457 5,530 498 590 65 9 3,420 1,268 152 3,004 1,651 163 1,732 1,005 62 2,480 1,444 107 232 97 7 30.1 33.6 29.0 94 165 593 437 96 332 454 1,066 737 246 214 386 765 465 242 357 628 1,191 781 327 11 4 19 11 8 37.6 39.5 36.5 35.5 39.2 940 2,172 3,919 2,644 1,166 18 25 157 128 26 258 568 1,261 896 328 279 712 1,029 693 304 152 361 583 389 182 212 471 799 489 289 20 35 90 48 37 31.4 31.7 29.2 28.1 32.3 30 60 280 40 65 176 82 303 62 94 146 58 177 32 69 75 82 290 75 84 131 12 2 4 6 35.0 31.4 35.1 34.1 29.4 109 2,009 420 256 1,333 3 368 24 14 330 37 891 208 115 567 32 324 91 57 176 12 144 37 27 80 20 237 58 39 140 5 45 3 3 39 27.8 22.6 24.5 26.2 21.3 11 131 308 224 350 26 38.2 2,774 467 840 478 273 527 190 26.9 666 501 100 1,277 879 298 916 560 286 1,404 908 398 35 64 312 46 74 192 100 373 76 120 178 70 224 40 83 100 99 368 95 102 171 1,296 11 165 374 282 44,085 13,375 67 1,681 3,986 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 19,257 3,490 10 261 7,191 1,666 6,357 3,007 2,701 641 1,078 105 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 20,273 9,608 765 8,816 4,078 268 1,950 3,811 7,561 5,084 2,087 1,009 1,639 3,642 2,440 920 391 3,104 634 572 1,898 282 1,096 214 316 565 3,825 1,051 8,893 5,940 2,467 4,295 2,872 1,090 487 3,694 757 708 2,228 333 1,331 264 383 684 4,693 All occupations' ............................................... Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... Service workers, including private household................................................. 9 9 - 39 3 - 23 15 8 _ White men Service workers, including private household................................................. See footnotes at end of table. - 9 9 - 33 3 - - Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years age years over Black and other men All occupations’ .............................................. 5,262 1,927 11 250 580 449 621 17 37.3 3,335 119 764 959 613 765 115 33.3 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 1,469 433 3 68 130 98 132 1 37.1 1,036 25 174 366 235 211 25 34.1 593 170 - 18 60 44 48 - 36.9 423 2 40 159 119 86 18 35.1 269 490 117 56 194 13 - 3 43 5 11 56 3 24 29 2 19 61 4 - 41.5 35.6 34.0 213 296 104 16 7 17 86 31 81 95 32 54 45 18 61 50 14 1 4 2 37.8 30.2 28.4 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 2,797 876 58 1,243 355 15 384 103 6 291 93 3 405 114 4 - 36.8 36.6 40.7 1,555 521 44 38 6 - 148 43 2 396 96 8 427 146 10 283 122 9 371 142 12 40 8 5 32.9 35.7 42.0 237 320 1,332 856 380 93 141 653 433 170 - 16 12 73 65 4 33 39 211 142 51 13 40 151 95 44 29 50 214 127 71 33.3 38.4 37.4 35.1 41.9 144 179 679 423 211 2 3 12 9 3 25 38 190 118 54 39 55 200 126 63 30 38 114 80 29 49 45 155 86 57 96 589 123 136 330 51 235 49 67 119 - 5 32 7 9 16 18 70 14 25 31 12 47 8 14 25 17 78 20 18 40 1 40.4 35.5 36.0 33.7 38.0 45 354 73 70 211 20 2 1 17 17 110 24 16 71 11 81 14 20 47 5 47 16 14 17 868 245 - 34. 65 58 82 6 39.3 623 54 172 147 All occupations’ .............................................. 38,132 7,191 40 943 2,200 1,627 2,280 102 37.3 30,940 1,213 7,276 White-collar occupations ...................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ................................................... Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers.................................................. 25,229 4,560 24 585 1,606 1,042 1,244 59 35.7 20,669 517 6,652 2,161 4 180 861 517 572 27 35.5 4,491 2,327 14,010 2,240 171 2,093 135 16 4 13 366 27 52 654 38 37 466 22 62 569 40 5 22 5 41.7 35.6 33.4 Blue-collar workers.........................................:.... Craft and kindred workers .................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters.............................. Mechanics and repairers........................... 5,343 599 12 1,704 138 1 226 20 _ 410 41 1 - 638 37 23 2 25 103 13 35 Service workers, including private household................................................. 3 7 2 2 5 5 1 7 4 4 3 1 (2) (2) _ _ 8 4 4 36.4 33.5 31.4 30.5 33.6 12 73 17 17 38 (2) 23 _ 2 21 27.6 29.0 34.0 30.0 27.1 62 146 41 30.0 8,085 5,847 7,685 835 33.4 4,763 5,861 4,031 5,061 437 33.4 21 770 1,697 1,019 895 90 32.9 2,156 11,917 2,105 4 329 164 285 3,138 570 643 3,103 417 466 2,210 336 705 2,935 526 53 201 93 38.0 32.8 32.4 39.9 38.6 27.0 3,639 461 11 73 5 837 100 11 917 142 _ 742 88 997 115 _ 74 10 34.7 33.7 21.3 32.0 31.0 12 68 4 17 5 26 2 15 1 8 - (2) Women See footnotes at end of table. (2) 10 - 4 8 3 12 397 38 5 9 _ _ 2 5 _ - - (2) _ _ _ 2 24.7 29.4 Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Women—Continued 342 309 31 335 306 25 574 549 18 4 24 6 28 4 10 25 2 27 1 10 16 925 6 131 33,059 5,801 34 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 22,636 3,792 5,866 1,835 2,154 12,530 2,086 140 1,698 119 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................................ Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 4,463 523 8 1,379 120 1 4,315 4,043 252 1,448 1,357 78 21 429 14 128 287 13 118 1 53 63 7,382 All occupations1 .............................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... Service workers, including private household................................................. 6 4 “ 2 4 - 172 168 4 35 - - - “ 40.8 41.5 35.8 2,867 2,685 174 - 39.0 31.7 30.0 37.6 29.0 7 311 12 75 224 21 21 40 40 629 601 27 698 646 49 606 545 58 25 1 108 6 29 73 3 77 1 19 57 3 48 3 11 34 “ 62 57 5 831 796 35 35.9 35.8 36.7 1 27.5 26.6 22.0 28.3 26.8 1,598 321 32.6 5,105 6,825 723 33.3 5,190 3,678 4,808 422 33.8 707 1,494 915 816 80 33.0 3 290 151 270 2,789 517 584 2,735 378 434 2,007 322 673 2,811 508 50 201 91 38.3 33.4 33.1 69 5 725 85 7 732 116 “ 625 82 “ 869 104 “ 64 10 34.9 33.8 23.0 1 8 720 686 34 - - - 27 2 - 18 6 16 12 184 188 396 20 41.6 6,457 606 1,617 1,270 1,044 793 1,753 1,275 1,854 92 37.4 27,258 1,116 6,507 6,982 20 496 1,303 846 1,071 55 36.0 18,844 463 4,283 2 160 741 425 482 25 35.4 4,032 19 15 4 13 300 24 42 489 32 32 369 20 50 504 36 4 22 5 42.2 36.8 33.7 2,014 10,832 1,967 188 18 “ 316 36 1 317 34 526 30 - 23 2 40.2 38.0 27.0 3,084 403 7 - 1 50 16 34 - White women Service workers, including private household................................................. See footnotes at end of table. 24 87 3,561 3,319 224 12 28 1,164 1,089 63 18 379 14 114 251 11 95 1 46 48 5,820 631 - 10 - - 2 11 264 237 26 5 7 261 238 20 2 3 472 453 14 - 4 22 5 23 - 4 10 20 1 16 1 7 8 15 6 14 10 - 4 108 134 112 257 6 4 2 4 - 4 6 140 136 4 _ 30 _ _ 21 21 ” 14 31.0 30.5 41.2 42.0 35.4 12 59 2,397 2,229 161 39.0 30.8 30.0 37.5 28.3 7 284 12 68 203 40.5 5,190 - C) 4 15 537 510 26 5 22 547 502 42 2 13 500 442 55 22 1 103 6 27 70 3 69 1 16 51 3 42 3 8 31 572 1,446 1,031 784 - 40 40 23 2 44 _ 16 28 1,121 “ 2 53 49 4 24.7 29.0 36.2 36.2 37.1 1 27.5 26.0 22.0 27.5 26.2 236 30.3 _ 1 - Table 12. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupation, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other women All occupations1 .............................................. 5,072 1,390 6 150 447 353 425 10 37.0 3,682 97 769 1,103 741 860 112 33.6 White-collar occupations ...................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 2,593 768 4 89 303 196 173 4 34.3 1,825 55 480 670 352 253 15 30.4 786 327 2 20 120 92 91 2 36.5 459 1 63 203 103 78 10 32.7 173 1,480 154 30 395 16 11 165 7 5 97 2 12 65 5 2 40.0 32.5 31.0 143 1,085 138 1 39 13 15 349 53 60 368 39 32 204 14 32 124 18 3 66 3 34.9 28.9 25.7 39.0 42.0 _ 555 58 4 _ - 3 - 112 15 4 _ _ - 42.0 36.0 39.4 39.4 38.0 - _ - - - - 1 102 96 4 4 152 144 8 2 105 103 3 (2) 111 111 (2) 1 5 2 3 - 45.0 34.0 38.0 32.7 - _ _ Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers.............................. Service workers, including private household................................................. ' Includes farm workers not shown separately. 2 Fewer than 500 workers. - (2) 1 - _ 881 76 4 326 18 - 1 15 754 724 28 1 7 285 268 15 - - 2 50 14 36 2 23 7 15 - - 1,561 294 94 6 39 2 - - - - - - 5 1 10 3 7 22 50 5 - 2 1 2 78 72 5 2 32 32 - 80 4 2 74 68 5 2 2 75 113 6 (2) 139 - _ 6 43.5 8 469 456 13 2 92 91 1 _ 28 7 21 1,267 3 185 26 117 6 - 3 5 2 3 8 2 5 6 3 3 34 171 239 260 - 128 11 _ NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. workers in cell. 6 6 477 (2) 2 _ _ 10 _ 10 8 2 - 34.3 33.4 20.0 _ 32.0 34.7 34.8 29.0 32.0 32.0 31.0 85 42.3 Dashes (-) indicate no Table 13. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occupfion, labor organization membership, sex and race, SVlay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers not in labor organization Workers in labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Both sexes All occupations1 .............................................. 87,480 20,095 94 2,493 5,960 4,478 6,844 227 38.0 67,384 2,666 14,814 18,137 12,610 17,208 1,949 33.8 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 45,955 7,017 30 724 2,305 1,653 2,208 98 37.5 38,938 720 7,064 11,416 8,128 10,619 991 35.3 14,436 3,272 4 210 1,239 839 947 34 36.7 11,163 44 1,473 4,071 2,599 2,748 229 34.8 8,953 17,507 5,059 681 2,857 207 22 5 39 443 31 181 819 65 178 606 30 270 923 69 13 44 6 42.7 37.7 34.3 8,272 14,650 4,852 9 411 256 690 3,821 1,080 2,245 3,875 1,225 2,047 2,619 863 3,038 3,616 1,217 244 309 211 40.5 32.8 33.9 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 28,414 11,083 836 11,101 4,308 276 1,507 429 36 3,153 1,268 102 2,415 969 48 3,892 1,612 89 83 26 38.0 39.0 35.0 17,313 6,775 560 711 78 10 4,806 1,510 173 4,556 2,014 173 2,873 1,279 72 4,017 1,777 120 350 118 11 31.4 33.9 29.4 2,212 4,234 13,208 9,982 2,719 1,076 1,729 5,429 3,990 1,104 103 171 761 607 94 355 478 1,506 1,106 299 222 415 1,203 827 305 384 661 1,907 1,406 398 11 4 42 34 8 37.4 39.7 38.2 37.8 39.7 1,136 2,504 7,780 5,993 1,615 21 28 214 181 29 298 638 2,156 1,678 419 336 820 2,040 1,548 446 194 435 1,351 1,052 276 266 547 1,855 1,422 399 21 37 163 112 47 31.8 31.9 31.7 31.5 33.0 507 4,123 771 836 2,516 335 1,365 254 420 691 36 60 316 41 80 195 101 380 75 127 178 71 243 40 96 107 103 373 93 113 167 15 3 5 8 35.9 32.6 35.9 34.6 30.1 172 2,758 517 416 1,825 5 418 29 16 374 59 1,140 243 164 733 46 502 109 98 296 23 243 56 56 131 34 384 78 78 229 5 69 3 5 62 27.6 23.8 24.8 27.4 22.7 12,074 1,954 12 259 495 407 737 45 39.8 10,120 1,132 2,667 1,958 1,441 2,363 560 31.1 All occupations1 .............................................. 49,348 14,039 64 1,727 4,163 3,090 4,856 140 38.1 35,308 1,444 7,362 9,649 6,524 9,231 1,099 34.2 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 20,725 3,314 10 276 1,029 795 1,154 49 39.1 17,411 199 2,163 5,225 3,913 5,368 544 37.5 7,783 1,513 - 76 542 420 462 14 37.8 6,271 23 657 2,210 1,482 1,766 131 36.0 6,626 3,497 2,819 558 1,149 93 - 28 158 15 151 306 31 151 210 14 220 442 31 8 25 2 42.3 40.3 34.8 6,068 2,347 2,725 5 79 92 404 602 500 1,580 630 804 1,570 338 522 2,320 592 689 189 106 118 41.4 32.9 34.9 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................................ Mechanics and repairers.................................. 23,071 10,484 824 9,545 4,190 275 1,302 412 36 2,789 1,232 101 2,046 935 48 3,299 1,581 89 63 25 37.6 39.0 35.1 13,526 6,294 549 635 73 10 3,947 1,407 163 3,593 1,866 173 2,103 1,187 72 2,975 1,656 120 273 106 11 30.5 34.0 29.6 2,187 4,131 1,065 1,697 100 162 353 467 217 407 382 656 11 4 37.5 39.7 1,121 2,434 20 28 293 621 330 793 192 418 266 539 21 35 32.0 32.0 Service workers, including private household................................................. - 52 4 - 2 - 10 10 - - 38 2 - - - Men footnotes at end of table. Digitized forSee FRASER 9 2 45 4 - 2 - Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, sex and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Men—Continued Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 8,893 5,940 2,467 4,100 2,733 1,042 487 3,694 757 708 2,228 325 1,255 253 369 633 Service workers, including private household................................................. 4,693 All occupations' .............................................. 7 7 607 457 90 1,200 822 279 890 539 281 1,373 893 384 33 60 283 41 69 172 99 357 74 117 166 70 221 40 81 100 96 344 93 97 155 1,160 8 145 337 246 44,085 12,261 55 1,508 3,619 White-collar occupations ...................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ........................................ Managers and administrators, except farm ....................................................... Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 19,257 2,943 9 217 7,191 1,382 - 6,357 3,007 2,701 510 970 82 - Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ....................................................... Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers.......................... Other transport equipment operatives .............................................. Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction.......................................... Manufacturing.................................................. All other nonfarm laborers.............................. 20,273 9,608 765 8,364 3,850 260 1,950 3,811 7,561 5,084 2,087 974 1,564 3,479 2,323 878 391 3,104 634 572 1,898 278 1,035 206 307 523 3,825 940 22 14 8 37.2 35.9 40.0 4,793 3,207 1,425 171 138 29 1,510 1,060 392 1,306 876 387 723 489 216 985 590 360 99 53 41 29.6 28.4 32.6 15 3 5 8 35.6 32.7 36.0 34.2 30.3 161 2,439 505 339 1,595 3 392 27 16 349 59 1,031 237 136 658 43 421 107 79 235 18 193 53 43 97 34 334 78 61 195 5 68 3 5 61 27.6 23.4 24.9 27.2 21.9 397 27 38.5 3,532 524 1,032 662 370 708 237 27.9 2,681 4,275 123 38.1 31,824 1,323 6,567 8,653 5,871 8,426 984 34.2 914 718 1,039 47 39.3 16,313 173 1,980 4,844 3,657 5,140 519 37.7 61 495 387 425 14 37.9 5,809 21 614 2,039 1,353 1,669 114 36.1 25 119 12 140 251 28 134 184 12 202 385 27 8 23 2 42.4 41.2 34.6 5,848 2,037 2,619 4 62 85 387 512 468 1,499 534 772 1,510 290 504 2,259 538 675 188 102 116 41.6 33.4 35.1 1,169 374 34 2,421 1,132 95 1,770 847 46 2,910 1,469 85 56 25 37.6 39.2 35.0 11,910 5,758 506 597 67 10 3,536 1,306 154 3,149 1,717 163 1,805 1,060 63 2,588 1,512 108 233 97 7 30.3 33.8 29.0 86 152 540 396 87 321 430 999 688 229 204 371 748 453 237 353 606 1,167 769 316 11 4 18 10 8 37.8 39.8 37.1 36.0 39.6 975 2,247 4,082 2,760 1,209 18 25 159 129 26 267 581 1,314 937 337 291 736 1,096 743 321 162 376 600 400 187 217 494 822 502 300 21 35 91 49 37 31.5 31.9 29.2 28.1 32.4 27 57 255 35 62 158 81 290 62 92 136 58 175 32 67 75 82 273 73 81 119 12 2 4 6 35.2 31.8 36.0 34.4 29.5 113 2,069 429 265 1,376 3 372 25 14 333 40 916 213 118 585 32 336 91 59 186 12 146 37 29 80 20 254 60 42 152 5 45 3 3 39 27.5 22.7 24.3 26.3 21.4 8 118 277 194 322 21 38.2 2,885 470 853 509 303 555 195 27.4 “ - 34 2 - - White men Service workers, including private household.............................................. See footnotes at end of table. 7 2 38 2 - 7 7 - 29 2 - - - Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, sex and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers not in labor organization Workers in labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other men All occupations1 ............................................... 5,262 1,778 9 219 543 409 581 17 37.6 3,484 120 795 996 653 805 115 33.4 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 1,469 371 2 59 116 78 115 1 37.0 1,098 26 183 381 256 227 25 34.3 593 131 - 15 47 33 36 - 36.9 461 2 44 172 129 97 18 35.2 269 490 117 49 179 11 - 3 38 3 11 55 3 17 26 2 18 57 4 - 42.0 35.0 36.0 220 310 106 17 7 17 90 33 81 96 32 60 49 18 62 54 14 1 4 2 37.9 30.5 28.2 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 2,797 876 58 1,181 340 15 133 38 2 368 100 6 276 88 3 389 112 4 37.1 37.0 40.7 1,616 536 44 38 6 411 101 8 444 149 10 297 127 9 387 144 12 40 8 5 32.9 35.5 42.0 33.1 39.1 37.9 35.4 42.0 146 187 712 447 216 2 3 12 9 3 26 40 195 122 54 39 57 210 134 65 30 42 123 89 30 49 45 163 88 60 1 40.0 35.3 36.0 33.7 36.7 49 369 76 74 220 20 2 1 17 19 115 24 18 73 11 85 16 20 49 5 47 16 14 17 2 7 2 - 7 - (2) - 8 4 4 36.2 33.4 31.6 30.6 33.7 14 80 17 19 43 (2) 23 2 21 27.8 29.3 34.0 30.0 27.4 67 153 41 30.1 8,488 6,086 7,977 850 33.4 4,901 6,191 4,215 5,251 447 33.4 21 816 1,861 1,116 982 97 33.0 2,204 12,303 2,127 4 332 164 286 3,218 580 665 3,245 421 477 2,280 341 717 3,024 528 54 203 93 38.0 32.8 32.4 40.4 39.0 27.0 3,787 481 11 76 5 859 103 11 963 148 - 770 92 - 1,042 121 - 77 12 34.8 33.8 21.3 34.0 30.3 14 71 5 17 6 27 2 17 1 8 14 10 67 61 3 32 37 201 134 50 13 36 142 86 44 29 50 206 124 67 - 3 27 7 7 14 18 67 12 25 30 12 47 8 14 25 14 71 20 16 35 - 27 60 53 75 6 40.1 647 54 179 153 30 766 1,798 1,388 1,988 87 37.8 32,076 1,223 7,453 3,703 20 448 1,275 857 1,054 49 36.1 21,526 521 6,652 1,760 4 134 698 419 485 20 35.8 4,893 2,327 14,010 2,240 123 1,707 113 13 4 12 285 17 30 513 34 26 396 16 50 480 38 5 20 5 44.3 36.2 33.7 5,343 599 12 1,557 118 1 205 17 - 364 35 1 369 34 - 593 31 - 20 - 0 25 103 11 32 ” 3 8 2 11 5 7 2 5 “ 237 320 1,332 856 380 91 133 621 409 164 96 589 123 136 330 48 220 47 62 111 - 868 221 - All occupations1 .............................................. 38,132 6,056 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 25,229 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters............................................ Mechanics and repairers.................................. Service workers, including private household................................................. 1 2 ' 5 5 4 4 - 3 1 (2) - (2) Women See footnotes at end of table. - 6 (2) ~ 2 24.7 29.8 Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, sex and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Women—Continued Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction...................................................... Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 4,315 4,043 252 1,329 1,257 62 21 429 14 128 287 10 110 1 51 58 7,382 All occupations’ .............................................. 3 3 - 154 151 4 306 284 20 4 10 23 2 23 1 10 12 794 4 113 33,059 4,838 25 White-collar occupations ...................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers ......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 22,636 3,054 5,866 1,485 2,154 12,530 2,086 95 1,374 100 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred workers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives ...................................................... Nonfarm laborers................................................ Construction.................................................. Manufacturing ........................................ All other nonfarm laborers............................... 4,463 523 8 1,254 104 1 24 87 3,561 3,319 224 10 25 1,060 1,004 48 18 379 14 114 251 8 90 1 44 45 5,820 530 Service workers, including private household................................................. 4 - 33 - - 313 287 24 534 513 15 2 22 - 6 28 19 19 - - - - 41.2 41.7 36.6 2,986 2,786 190 45.0 32.0 31.0 37.3 29.3 11 319 13 77 230 44 42 646 618 27 734 671 60 628 563 59 2 27 2 25 1 110 6 29 75 3 81 2 19 60 5 50 3 13 34 _ 35.9 35.9 36.3 1 1,654 323 32.8 5,310 7,073 738 33.4 5,467 3,839 4,980 432 33.8 746 1,641 995 893 87 33.1 3 293 151 271 2,855 525 605 2,840 382 444 2,072 327 685 2,892 510 51 203 91 38.3 33.4 33.1 73 5 747 88 7 769 120 _ 648 86 904 109 _ 67 12 34.8 34.1 23.0 5 15 555 527 26 6 23 580 525 52 2 15 518 456 56 1 8 751 713 38 22 1 105 6 27 72 3 70 2 16 52 5 45 3 10 31 574 1,464 1,049 804 16 12 158 161 341 18 41.9 6,588 609 1,635 1,296 1,071 639 1,421 1,070 1,606 77 37.9 28,221 1,125 6,660 7,315 17 382 1,026 685 899 45 36.5 19,582 466 4,397 2 120 594 346 405 18 35.6 4,381 19 11 4 12 234 17 21 384 28 22 303 14 38 423 34 3 20 5 44.4 37.5 33.6 2,059 11,156 1,985 166 15 - 279 33 1 293 30 - 20 _ 40.8 38.0 27.0 3,209 419 7 3 6 123 119 4 1 10 231 214 15 5 5 243 223 18 2 3 441 426 10 - 33.0 29.0 41.9 42.5 36.4 14 62 2,501 2,314 177 2 20 5 23 _ 45.0 31.0 31.0 37.0 28.7 11 288 13 70 206 41.1 5,291 - 64 59 5 27.5 26.8 22.5 29.0 26.8 15 6 - 870 832 38 - _ 50 16 34 1 _ _ White women Service workers, including private household................................................ See footnotes at end of table. 6 - 3 3 - - 4 10 18 1 16 1 7 8 2 91 116 4 28 - - 490 26 _ (2) 19 19 - 13 6 14 10 92 217 - 12 _ (2) _ _ 44 42 2 23 2 44 _ 16 28 1,162 _ 2 54 51 4 24.7 29.4 36.1 36.1 36.6 1 27.5 26.1 22.5 28.3 26.1 238 30.5 _ _ 1 Table 13. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by occuption, labor organization membership, se)t and race, H/Jay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers not in labor organization Workers in labor organization Occupation of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other women All occupations’ .............................................. 5,072 1,218 5 126 377 318 381 10 37.5 3,855 97 792 1,173 776 904 112 33.7 White-collar occupations ....................................... Professional, technical, and kindred workers .......................................... Managers and administrators, except farm ........................................................ Clerical and kindred workers.............................. Sales workers...................................................... 2,593 649 3 65 249 172 155 4 34.9 1,945 55 503 724 376 271 15 30.5 786 275 2 14 103 73 80 2 37.3 512 1 69 220 122 89 10 32.8 173 1,480 154 28 333 13 10 129 7 4 93 2 12 58 4 2 42.0 33.1 34.0 145 1,147 141 1 39 13 15 363 56 61 404 39 33 208 14 32 132 18 3 52 35.0 29.2 25.6 Blue-collar workers................................................ Craft and kindred w orkers.................................. Carpenters ........................................................ Construction craft workers, except carpenters........................................... Mechanics and repairers.................................. Operatives and kindred workers........................ Operatives, except transport........................... Drivers and delivery workers........................... Other transport equipment operatives........................................................ Nonfarm laborers................................................ Manufacturing................................................... All other nonfarm laborers............................... 881 76 4 303 14 - 85 3 76 4 103 5 - 38.8 44.0 - 578 62 4 3 - 112 15 4 194 29 - 122 6 - 138 12 - 1 15 754 724 28 1 7 269 252 15 - - - - - - 2 110 107 3 (1 2) 119 119 (2) - - 4 154 147 8 2 50 14 36 2 20 7 12 - - - - - - 1,561 264 Service workers, including private household................................................. 1 Includes farm workers not shown separately. 2 Fewer than 500 workers. - 1 - 39 2 _ - - 1 2 75 69 5 - - 5 1 7 3 4 22 42 2 32 32 5 - 2 - _ - 1 93 87 4 - 42.0 36.0 38.9 38.9 38.0 - 2 69 64 5 8 485 472 13 - 1 5 2 3 - 45.0 34.7 38.0 33.0 - - 2 2 0 69 124 6 43.2 31 7 24 1,297 2 92 91 1 3 5 2 3 11 2 8 6 3 3 34 171 247 267 3 - NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. workers in cell. 6 6 492 0 2 10 - 10 8 2 34.5 33.2 20.0 32.0 35.1 35.2 29.0 32.0 32.0 31.0 85 42.4 Dashes (-) indicate no Table 14. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Both sexes All industries .................................................. 87,480 22,493 Agriculture............................................................... 1,455 55 Mining..................................................................... 892 314 Construction ........................................................... 4,982 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 117 2,874 6,767 4,990 7,490 256 37.7 64,986 2,643 14,433 17,330 12,098 16,562 1,920 33.8 12 21 7 13 2 35.6 1,400 137 397 310 221 272 63 28.9 1 59 91 76 85 1 35.0 578 3 128 200 105 134 8 31.8 1,651 8 207 529 313 569 24 36.9 3,331 67 915 956 561 780 51 31.8 20,976 12,546 2,769 2,779 2,031 951 676 404 4,966 7,309 4,720 1,329 851 1,135 600 341 194 1,404 8 1 1,004 638 139 138 126 45 42 38 236 1,990 1,293 392 240 291 169 72 50 369 1,629 1,059 292 171 281 155 85 41 315 2,624 1,700 495 295 430 228 140 62 481 54 28 11 8 6 3 38.5 38.5 39.2 37.6 39.4 39.5 41.2 36.7 37.4 13,667 7,826 1,440 1,928 896 351 335 210 3,562 168 71 8 21 6 2 2,659 1,473 244 362 133 42 44 48 733 3,713 2,212 413 581 221 90 68 64 997 2,885 1,685 311 386 213 94 78 41 775 4,027 2,288 445 555 319 124 142 53 969 215 97 19 22 4 52 35.7 35.5 36.3 34.8 38.2 38.4 41.5 33.9 34.9 Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food ................................................................. Textiles .............................................................. Apparel.............................................................. Paper ................................................................ Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g o o ds.................................. 8,430 1,674 786 1,298 751 1,433 1,240 1,028 2,589 670 140 353 380 308 352 307 365 104 25 31 46 52 52 48 697 177 25 70 106 81 117 89 570 146 34 71 103 70 67 67 924 235 53 168 125 101 116 99 38.6 37.5 39.5 44.9 38.9 38.6 36.9 38.0 5,841 1,004 646 945 371 1,125 888 721 5 1,186 229 139 179 53 278 116 177 1,500 241 146 249 100 282 273 181 1,200 208 126 197 87 216 202 133 1,739 292 207 292 121 270 285 208 118 18 17 15 9 29 14 17 36.0 34.7 37.2 36.8 38.3 33.3 38.3 35.6 Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 5,469 3,241 1,447 1,359 2,634 1,681 776 657 276 165 92 64 861 494 302 227 653 431 169 144 830 578 213 217 4 37.3 38.8 34.9 37.5 2,835 1,561 672 703 28 19 7 2 497 300 94 113 891 467 232 216 623 340 156 148 761 408 180 218 35 28 4 5 34.9 34.7 34.6 36.1 T rade...................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................ Retail ................................................................... 17,401 3,419 13,981 1,896 432 1,465 - 498 70 428 516 131 385 314 92 222 472 134 338 20 4 16 31.9 36.4 30.9 15,504 2,988 12,517 1,461 31 1,430 4,518 541 3,977 3,609 950 2,659 2,244 586 1,658 3,194 778 2,416 477 102 376 29.5 35.1 27.9 Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 5,152 250 - 57 68 40 80 5 35.0 4,902 74 1,039 1,396 1,000 1,246 147 34.7 Services............................................. Business and repair....................................... Personal services ............................ Private household services............................ Other personal services.......................... ....... 25,123 2,902 2,868 1,214 1,653 5,719 332 247 9 238 527 72 47 47 1,844 93 43 1,351 73 50 2 48 1,867 92 93 4 89 111 2 6 2 4 38.1 35.6 37.9 46.0 37.7 19,404 2,570 2,620 1,205 1,415 669 70 237 176 61 3,855 672 485 177 309 5,347 729 554 158 396 3,712 468 360 134 225 5,008 535 766 408 359 813 95 218 153 65 34.7 31.9 35.5 41.2 33.6 See footnotes at end of table. - 1 1 - 7 2 2 3 - (’) - 0 1 - (’) 0 77 77 20 9 2 7 - 43 - 3 3 26 5 1 11 (’) 4 - 3 14 13 _ - 4 35 98 17 11 14 2 50 _ _ 4 0 Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Both sexes—Continued Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 902 18,451 8,062 3,901 6,489 140 5,000 3,421 841 737 Forestry and fisheries........................................... 87 14 Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... State ..................................................................... Local..................................................................... 5,364 1,795 691 972 1,906 2,172 488 570 309 805 All industries .................................................. 49,348 15,302 Agriculture............................................................... 1,141 45 M ining..................................................................... 770 301 Construction ........................................................... 4,567 1,622 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries ................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 14,334 9,305 2,258 2,210 1,659 801 498 360 3,179 5,671 3,864 1,193 749 964 521 269 174 958 Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable goods.................................. 5,029 1,182 429 300 580 847 915 596 1,806 532 84 74 323 239 285 195 6 5 5 ( 1) - 24 383 176 119 88 44 1,663 1,149 274 241 31 1,197 861 174 163 23 1,660 1,167 261 232 2 4 2 5 12 91 64 13 14 - 35.2 38.3 38.7 37.2 37.0 762 13,452 4,641 3,059 5,751 100 261 107 31 122 261 2,437 807 603 1,027 154 3,910 1,264 1,024 1,622 83 2,802 1,046 602 1,153 124 3,583 1,299 746 1,537 36.0 73 3 16 22 20 11 30.9 12 16 400 134 5 103 158 864 360 27 175 302 704 318 30 143 213 1,084 473 53 210 349 34,046 1,430 7,158 9,245 6,252 8,877 1,085 34.1 36.7 1,096 110 301 242 170 213 59 28.9 1 35.6 468 89 164 87 122 6 32.6 556 24 36.9 2,945 63 823 851 474 685 49 31.4 1,251 848 273 145 239 138 66 34 192 2,006 1,396 449 260 373 199 120 54 314 36 25 9 8 6 3 38.1 38.3 39.5 37.3 39.8 39.7 42.9 36.0 35.6 8,663 5,441 1,065 1,461 694 280 229 185 2,221 106 44 4 19 4 1,532 939 181 249 91 28 22 41 418 2,346 1,519 292 425 162 69 38 55 641 1,881 1,219 227 318 165 76 56 34 509 2,630 1,642 344 430 268 107 110 51 601 168 76 16 20 4 36 36.4 36.2 36.9 35.9 39.4 40.2 44.8 34.7 35.3 402 119 19 14 90 53 54 40 609 180 30 33 106 82 93 59 37.7 37.0 38.0 43.3 39.2 39.6 36.8 36.1 3,222 650 345 226 258 608 630 401 592 145 71 30 27 145 69 99 827 172 75 68 69 137 183 102 661 126 69 45 61 118 146 73 988 181 111 69 90 148 218 118 92 16 14 11 9 22 14 6 36.8 33.6 38.1 37.3 40.9 33.8 40.4 35.7 2 680 150 150 80 300 513 125 123 73 192 766 174 241 114 237 22 3 8 3 7 39.2 39.1 43.3 39.4 36.8 3,192 1,307 122 662 1,100 77 1,931 4,566 3,363 5,210 154 37.9 - 10 17 6 11 2 - 55 86 75 83 8 201 523 310 4 790 524 125 119 106 40 29 38 175 1,585 1,071 337 218 240 141 53 46 276 265 86 16 10 32 42 40 33 514 141 17 15 94 57 98 61 - 2 26.3 35.4 36.1 33.9 107 18 7 19 63 188 36 47 39 66 2 - 40 459 117 52 290 33 5 - 38.9 39.0 45.2 37.4 38.6 Wien See footnotes at end of table. - 4 2 - 2 - 0 (1) - 3 1 11 4 1 - 0 4 - 1 0 - 4 16 62 11 6 4 1 37 - 3 - 4 0 Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor Organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 65 years 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Men—Continued 0 Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 3,947 2,578 798 1,114 2,005 1,487 395 574 T rade....................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... 9,305 2,562 6,743 1,241 376 865 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 1,982 144 - Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 9,260 1,882 793 188 606 531 6,053 2,795 935 2,324 2,235 246 121 2 119 91 1,778 1,248 240 290 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 68 11 - Public administration............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... S ta te .................................................................... Local.................................................................... 3,431 1,053 520 586 1,272 1,575 317 455 194 609 - See footnotes at end of table. 191 142 41 51 608 424 141 195 510 374 86 134 683 535 125 192 324 64 260 355 122 234 192 75 118 20 37 194 54 24 706 77 24 - 55 55 7 - 2 - - 24 16 99 50 36 13 - O 2 2 3 38.6 39.5 36.1 38.0 1,943 1,091 403 539 22 15 4 2 321 208 46 78 568 311 118 159 440 230 111 120 566 303 124 177 307 115 191 7 1 7 31.4 35.6 30.0 8,064 2,186 5,879 767 24 744 2,259 361 1,897 2,019 689 1,330 1,145 443 702 27 56 4 40.4 1,838 31 238 514 757 65 42 49 2 2 24 27 578 403 83 91 522 48 25 2 23 19 430 316 42 72 38.7 33.8 36.8 42.0 36.6 36.9 39.4 39.5 36.7 40.3 7,024 1,636 673 186 487 440 4,275 1,547 694 2,034 312 55 88 57 30 57 112 59 13 41 1,401 418 157 50 108 154 671 297 128 246 4 2 5 36.5 57 3 492 95 113 52 232 383 82 93 52 156 576 122 210 77 168 39.9 39.9 44.8 40.8 36.9 1,856 736 65 392 663 15 - 2 2 3 3 103 15 33 12 44 12 11 - - - 42 20 631 449 72 109 2 7 37 26 6 5 17 3 6 1 7 8 7 25 23 3 35.8 34.9 36.8 37.4 1,612 586 1,025 263 83 180 29.6 35.9 27.1 399 555 101 38.3 1,998 451 157 21 136 88 1,302 445 275 582 1,204 309 64 7 57 31 800 285 93 421 1,771 330 161 32 130 79 1,200 430 165 606 338 74 45 20 25 30 189 31 21 137 34.2 32.4 31.2 21.7 33.0 26.3 35.7 35.0 33.4 37.2 8 18 17 10 1 32.5 176 36 1 49 90 503 203 14 99 187 415 182 12 84 137 673 304 31 138 200 73 11 6 14 43 40.1 41.3 48.9 39.1 38.6 - Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over White men All industries .................................................. 44,085 13,375 Agriculture............................................................... 991 39 M ining...................................................................... 729 287 Construction ........................................................... 4,139 1,470 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 12,836 8,364 2,008 2,080 1,468 718 445 304 2,809 4,945 3,392 1,037 691 824 449 231 144 840 Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum................................ Other nondurable g oods.................................. 4,472 1,054 352 246 522 775 814 548 1,554 451 72 56 280 209 255 169 » Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 3,507 2,261 729 1,004 1,756 1,293 356 509 Trade...................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... 8,447 2,335 6,112 1,066 307 760 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 1,805 115 - Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services........................ .......... 8,089 1,671 641 146 495 1,926 206 99 2 97 See footnotes at end of table. 67 137 37.9 30,711 1,311 6,393 8,286 5,638 8,111 970 34.2 - 31.0 952 108 271 218 134 171 50 27.9 1 35.8 442 83 155 82 116 6 32.7 506 21 37.0 2,670 56 758 789 411 610 45 31.0 1,073 722 228 131 201 118 53 30 162 1,774 1,257 397 250 328 174 109 45 282 32 20 5 8 6 3 38.3 38.6 39.6 37.8 40.1 39.7 44.0 36.8 35.9 7,890 4,972 971 1,388 644 269 215 160 1,969 100 42 4 17 4 - 1,370 843 168 235 86 28 20 37 355 2,081 1,353 255 391 145 65 33 47 562 1,727 1,122 203 310 147 73 50 24 462 2,457 1,542 328 416 257 103 108 46 540 155 71 13 20 4 34 36.8 36.6 37.3 36.2 40.2 40.4 46.8 34.7 35.6 442 121 14 11 76 49 86 55 351 106 17 9 82 44 48 36 517 148 25 26 91 73 87 48 37.8 37.2 38.0 44.3 39.6 39.8 37.3 36.0 2,918 603 280 190 242 566 560 379 3 527 133 54 24 27 134 62 85 728 162 56 50 63 131 150 98 605 111 54 40 59 112 136 70 916 170 99 63 84 134 200 116 84 16 12 11 7 20 12 6 37.1 33.3 39.4 38.4 40.8 33.8 40.8 36.1 163 129 27 46 524 359 128 172 436 315 80 112 621 479 122 177 1,751 968 373 494 19 13 4 2 286 176 41 78 500 267 108 143 395 211 102 101 528 280 118 168 23 22 - 38.8 39.6 37.0 38.0 3 36.1 35.5 36.8 37.4 294 58 237 307 100 207 159 60 99 251 89 162 7 31.1 35.4 29.8 7,380 2,028 5,352 710 23 687 2,044 330 1,713 1,842 641 1,201 1,042 400 642 1,501 556 944 242 77 165 29.7 36.1 27.2 14 28 21 47 4 41.1 1,691 19 218 463 375 520 96 38.7 155 51 21 615 64 20 452 39 18 2 16 654 53 35 45 38.7 32.4 37.0 42.0 36.5 6,163 1,464 543 144 398 282 54 78 55 23 1,208 357 136 47 89 1,762 399 130 15 115 1,069 281 57 3 54 1,560 303 114 18 96 282 71 29 7 22 34.2 32.8 30.1 19.9 32.0 1,681 3,986 2,913 4,590 - 10 17 3 9 - 50 81 74 81 6 184 470 282 4 695 467 114 111 87 33 22 31 155 1,368 926 293 191 203 120 47 35 239 228 71 15 8 30 38 34 28 - - 4 2 2 (') - 0 - 48 48 6 - 2 - - 2 - 21 20 - - 3 1 11 4 1 (1) 4 - 1 12 11 3 7 - 2 - 35 2 0 - 4 16 58 11 6 3 1 34 - - 4 0 - Table 14. C©ntinued--Age distribution of employed! wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sen, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over White men—Continued Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 484 5,293 2,466 719 2,107 84 1,537 1,144 147 246 2 1 1 - Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 61 10 - Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ....................................... Postal .................................................................. S ta te .................................................................... L ocal.................................................................... 2,994 896 427 542 1,129 1,358 255 373 182 549 All industries .................................................. 5,262 1,927 Agriculture............................................................... 151 6 - Mining..................................................................... 41 14 - Construction ........................................................... 428 153 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 1,498 941 249 131 191 83 53 55 370 725 473 156 58 140 72 38 30 118 Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food ................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g o o ds.................................. 557 128 77 54 59 71 100 48 253 81 12 18 43 30 30 26 16 67 36 22 9 24 508 379 52 76 17 378 290 23 65 18 548 411 46 91 4 1 5 2 76 8 25 10 33 438 86 88 50 215 343 66 81 52 144 485 94 174 69 148 11 250 580 449 - - 0 2 - 7 36 26 5 5 36.9 39.4 39.5 36.9 40.6 400 3,756 1,322 572 1,862 54 97 45 12 40 140 575 247 107 221 81 1,152 388 228 536 29 703 248 67 389 70 1,073 367 142 564 35.0 51 3 6 18 15 10 14 2 5 1 7 39.6 39.3 45.5 40.5 36.6 1,636 641 54 360 581 15 8 7 142 31 1 46 64 440 175 10 89 166 369 162 10 79 118 601 263 27 127 184 69 11 6 12 41 40.4 41.4 50.0 39.6 39.0 621 17 37.3 3,335 119 764 959 613 765 115 33.3 3 2 2 47.3 144 2 31 24 36 43 9 38.4 31.0 26 5 9 5 7 - - 26 156 27 16 113 26.1 35.8 35.2 33.3 37.3 - 33.2 Black and other men See footnotes at end of table. 2 _ - _ - - - 5 6 2 2 17 53 27 50 3 36.0 276 6 65 62 63 76 3 35.5 95 57 11 7 19 6 7 6 20 217 145 44 26 38 21 6 10 37 178 126 45 14 38 20 14 5 30 232 140 52 10 45 25 12 9 32 4 4 4 36.1 35.8 39.3 33.7 36.7 39.5 36.0 32.7 34.8 772 468 93 73 51 11 15 25 251 6 2 162 96 14 14 6 2 4 63 265 166 36 34 16 4 5 8 79 154 98 24 8 18 3 6 9 47 173 101 16 14 10 4 2 5 61 13 5 3 33.2 33.0 34.8 30.0 34.9 32.0 35.0 34.7 32.8 38 15 1 2 2 4 6 5 72 21 4 4 18 7 12 6 51 14 2 5 8 9 6 4 92 32 5 7 15 9 6 11 36.7 34.8 38.0 38.0 35.5 38.7 31.0 38.0 304 47 65 36 16 42 70 22 66 12 17 6 99 10 19 18 6 6 33 4 56 14 15 5 2 6 10 2 72 11 12 7 6 14 18 2 - 0 _ - - - 2 4 - 0 - 3 - - 11 7 14 32.0 - 3 8 - 2 - 2 2 2 - 33.8 37.2 31.0 32.8 42.0 35.0 34.0 25.5 Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sen, and race, May 19®0 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other men—Continued — Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................. 441 317 68 110 249 194 38 65 - T rade....................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ R e ta il.................................................................... 859 227 631 175 70 105 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 177 30 - Services.................................................................. Business and repair............................................. Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 1,171 212 152 41 110 47 760 328 215 217 309 40 22 22 7 240 103 93 44 - Forestry and fisheries............................... ............ 6 1 - Public administration............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................... Local..................................................................... 437 157 93 44 143 217 62 82 12 60 - See footnotes at end of table. 7 7 2 - 84 65 14 24 74 59 6 22 63 57 3 15 30 6 24 48 22 26 33 15 18 55 26 30 6 9 6 9 39 4 3 90 13 4 71 10 8 103 12 7 7 2 83 38 27 19 - 3 O 2 2 _ 28 13 15 4 4 3 70 24 31 15 32 15 14 4 - 8 2 52 26 19 7 1 28 7 8 2 10 54 9 25 3 18 41 17 12 0 12 0 91 28 36 8 20 - 1 33.4 31.7 36.7 36.0 111 30 81 21 6 15 28.3 33.9 26.7 24 34 6 33.5 236 51 27 6 22 7 150 58 46 46 135 28 8 4 4 2 97 37 27 33 212 28 47 14 34 9 128 62 23 43 56 3 16 13 3 4 33 4 5 24 34.1 28.5 46.0 52.0 40.0 29.0 35.0 33.9 33.7 37.1 2 1 1 1 23.5 34 5 63 28 4 11 20 46 20 2 5 19 4 37.8 40.7 40.0 33.5 35.6 68 44 10 17 45 20 8 19 39 23 7 9 57 215 31 184 177 48 129 103 43 60 148 12 20 51 - 38.3 40.0 36.7 36.7 38.0 38.8 40.0 36.0 34.0 862 172 130 41 88 40 520 225 122 172 31 1 10 3 7 4 16 13 1 1 193 61 22 2 19 14 96 50 21 25 - 46.0 5 - 41.7 43.6 40.0 49.3 40.6 220 94 11 32 83 0 0 - 37.5 38.9 30.0 38.7 192 123 30 45 - 33.6 40.0 31.7 684 158 526 - 37.0 1 1 4 2 O 0 2 2 3 1 1 - 3 3 - 0 58 O 35 32 5 3 26 2 1 - 72 41 4 11 16 C) 2 2 Table 14. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Women All industries .................................................. 38,132 7,191 Agriculture.................. ............................................ 314 10 Mining..................................................................... 122 13 Construction ........................................................... 415 29 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 6,642 3,241 511 569 373 151 177 45 1,788 1,638 855 136 102 171 79 72 20 446 Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food ................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel.............................................................. Paper ................................................................ Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable go o ds.................................. 3,402 492 357 998 170 586 326 432 783 137 57 279 57 69 67 112 Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 1,521 663 650 245 629 194 381 82 Trade...................................................................... W holesale............................................................ Retail ................................................................... 8,095 857 7,238 656 55 600 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 3,170 105 - Services ................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services.................................. 15,863 1,020 2,074 1,027 1,048 3,484 85 127 7 120 See footnotes at end of table. 40 943 2,200 1,627 2,280 2 5 1 1 - 1 1 3 2 1 - - 12 6 2 5 7,276 8,085 5,847 7,685 835 33.4 2 - 34.0 304 26 96 69 50 59 4 29.0 5 1 2 - 27.0 109 3 39 36 18 11 2 27.6 4 13 - 31.8 385 4 92 104 88 95 3 34.6 214 114 14 19 19 5 13 1 61 405 222 55 23 51 28 19 4 94 378 210 20 26 42 17 18 7 123 618 304 46 35 57 29 20 8 167 40.1 39.2 35.3 39.1 37.3 38.0 35.3 41.0 40.7 5,004 2,385 375 467 202 72 106 25 1,341 62 26 4 2 2 2 1,127 534 63 114 42 13 22 7 316 1,367 693 121 156 59 21 30 9 356 1,005 466 84 68 48 19 22 7 267 1,397 645 101 125 51 17 32 2 369 47 21 3 2 34.5 33.8 34.8 31.7 34.8 34.5 36.0 28.0 34.0 100 18 9 21 14 9 11 15 183 36 8 55 12 24 19 28 168 26 15 57 13 16 13 28 315 55 24 134 18 19 24 40 41.3 39.3 43.0 45.6 35.3 36.6 37.3 41.8 2,619 354 300 719 113 517 258 320 593 84 68 149 26 133 47 78 673 69 71 182 31 145 90 79 539 82 57 152 26 98 55 60 752 111 96 223 31 122 67 90 84 23 51 13 253 70 160 32 143 57 82 10 147 42 88 25 892 470 268 163 6 3 2 2 34.0 35.0 33.8 33.3 176 92 48 36 323 156 113 57 183 110 45 28 174 6 167 160 9 151 122 17 104 165 19 146 13 3 10 33.2 43.0 32.5 7,440 802 6,638 694 8 686 2,260 179 2,080 1,589 260 1,329 37 31 13 24 1 29.7 3,064 43 801 333 18 23 1,139 16 19 828 24 25 1,110 27 50 4 46 62 37.8 38.4 38.4 52.0 38.2 12,380 934 1,948 1,019 928 356 16 150 119 31 2,454 254 328 127 201 0 (1) - 1,213 6 1 21 30,940 6 - 21 37.3 4 4 1 102 - - 23 - 19 25 19 4 2 - 2 15 2 11 0 2 2 2 _ - 3 2 2 - 19 _ 36 6 5 10 1 13 1 - _ _ _ _ 15 11 35.2 36.9 36.1 36.7 34.9 33.0 33.1 35.6 195 105 55 41 10 5 4 2 32.5 34.0 31.4 31.8 1,100 144 956 1,583 192 1,391 215 19 196 29.3 32.8 28.7 882 601 691 46 32.4 3,349 279 396 137 260 2,508 160 296 128 168 3,237 205 605 376 229 475 21 173 133 40 34.9 31.3 37.2 44.1 33.8 26 2 3 3 _ 7 _ Table 14. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Women—Continued Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 371 12,398 5,267 2,966 4,165 50 3,222 2,174 601 448 4 2 2 O 8 284 126 83 75 Forestry and fisheries ............................................ 20 3 - 2 Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................... Local..................................................................... 1,933 742 172 386 633 597 171 115 116 196 All industries .................................................. 33,059 5,801 Agriculture............................................................... 269 8 Mining...................................................................... 106 Construction ........................................................... - _ 18 1,086 746 191 149 12 768 545 132 91 1 0 - 187 55 37 28 68 130 42 30 21 37 190 52 31 37 69 793 1,753 1,275 1,854 - 2 4 9 - 2 5 393 26 - 6 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 5,766 2,845 460 527 300 117 143 41 1,558 1,351 696 112 93 128 57 54 18 362 Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................... ............. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum................................ Other nondurable goods.................................. 2,921 420 301 818 156 532 292 369 655 115 47 226 52 64 56 91 - - 322 9,176 3,094 2,365 3,717 42 149 49 18 81 106 1,766 510 475 781 66 2,608. 819 750 1,039 51 2,002 761 509 732 45 2,382 870 582 931 11 270 86 31 153 26.3 35.2 36.6 34.1 34.7 34.0 17 1 7 3 3 1 1 27.0 1,336 572 57 270 437 18 5 2 2 1 37.3 37.1 40.3 37.0 36.2 4 9 224 98 4 53 68 360 157 12 76 115 290 136 18 59 76 411 169 21 72 149 34 7 1 5 20 36.9 36.0 43.5 34.5 38.6 92 37.4 27,258 1,116 6,507 6,982 5,105 6,825 723 33.3 - 85 21 14 27 22 - 33.3 37.8 38.2 37.3 35.5 5 53 38 7 9 3 1,029 717 188 123 5 - - White women See footnotes at end of table. 34 4 1 1 - 1 3 - 2 1 - - “ 2 - 27.0 261 21 90 57 39 53 2 27.6 1 2 - 28.0 96 3 35 30 15 11 2 27.5 5 2 13 - 31.5 367 4 88 97 83 92 3 34.4 185 100 13 18 13 5 6 1 56 316 165 47 18 34 18 14 2 67 309 169 14 24 32 11 14 7 100 518 257 37 33 49 23 18 8 138 40.5 39.9 34.6 40.0 39.3 39.3 38.0 42.0 40.9 4,415 2,150 348 435 172 60 89 23 1,195 62 26 4 2 2 2 986 478 60 103 33 10 16 7 282 1,163 606 105 143 47 15 26 7 311 866 416 77 65 42 17 19 7 232 1,298 607 100 119 48 17 29 2 341 41 17 3 2 34.9 34.1 35.7 31.8 35.7 35.7 37.0 29.0 34.2 86 15 7 16 12 9 11 14 151 34 6 43 9 24 15 19 139 20 12 49 13 16 10 20 261 44 20 106 18 15 20 37 41.2 38.7 44.0 45.6 38.0 34.5 38.0 43.4 2,266 305 254 593 104 467 236 278 508 76 58 122 23 115 44 64 557 55 55 136 27 131 79 68 450 69 48 121 25 84 47 51 690 97 85 200 29 117 66 85 - 19 4 2 - 2 15 2 - 11 - 0 2 19 36 6 5 10 1 13 1 11 24 2 3 3 7 9 35.6 36.9 36.7 37.7 35.5 33.2 33.4 36.0 Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total Not represented by labor organization 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over White women—Continued Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 1,310 593 542 210 498 157 303 64 Trade...................................................................... Wholesale ............................................................ Retail ................................................................... 7,416 799 6,617 568 47 521 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 2,878 84 - Services ................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services.................................. Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 13,307 924 1,515 669 846 343 10,525 4,525 2,398 3,603 2,776 69 80 5 75 46 2,581 1,867 400 314 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 19 3 Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ....................................... Postal .................................................................. S ta te .................................................................... Local.................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. 1,561 559 119 333 550 452 116 74 97 165 1 72 18 42 13 183 59 111 21 117 51 68 5 125 28 82 23 160 6 154 133 7 127 98 14 84 28 24 266 13 17 943 16 15 - 0 0 21 21 8 - 6 2 5 2 - - - 17 8 227 114 64 50 - 2 _ " 69 14 14 26 16 2 34.6 35.0 34.7 34.0 812 435 239 146 142 17 125 13 3 10 32.3 44.3 31.7 8 24 1 643 22 14 864 18 24 2 22 3 819 611 126 81 52 - 15 16 895 642 135 118 0 131 35 19 23 55 2 2 14 12 596 470 68 58 1 90 29 16 15 30 157 39 24 31 64 - - 3 2 2 5 44 29 7 8 5 2 2 1 6 3 2 159 86 42 31 274 133 91 51 172 105 45 23 191 103 55 39 10 5 4 2 33.4 34.8 32.8 32.4 6,848 752 6,096 641 8 633 2,083 171 1,913 1,433 239 1,194 1,008 137 871 1,475 180 1,295 208 18 190 29.3 32.8 28.7 32.0 2,794 35 730 777 544 664 44 32.7 37.6 37.7 37.9 46.0 37.7 34.3 37.6 38.2 36.0 35.3 10,532 855 1,435 664 771 297 7,944 2,658 1,998 3,289 330 15 146 116 30 42 126 38 16 72 2,170 232 295 113 182 101 1,543 421 422 700 2,865 245 334 114 220 58 2,227 711 614 902 2,132 150 196 82 115 45 1,741 678 420 644 2,653 192 358 172 187 40 2,063 741 497 824 382 21 105 68 38 11 245 69 29 147 34.5 31.7 33.2 33.8 32.8 25.7 35.4 36.9 34.0 34.8 34.0 17 1 7 3 3 1 1 28.0 38.6 38.3 41.8 37.2 38.0 1,109 443 45 236 385 13 3 159 61 2 42 54 281 116 7 65 92 242 106 15 52 69 382 150 19 69 143 31 7 1 5 17 38.7 37.8 44.9 35.3 40.6 - 2 8 Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, SVlay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Not represented by labor organization Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other women All industries .................................................. 5,072 1,390 Agriculture............................................................... 45 2 Mining...................................................................... 16 3 Construction ........................................................... 21 3 - Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 876 395 51 42 73 34 35 4 230 287 160 24 9 43 23 18 2 84 _ - Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles .............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g oods.................................. 481 72 56 180 15 55 34 63 128 22 10 53 5 5 11 21 _ - Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 211 71 108 35 131 37 78 18 - Trade....................................................................... W holesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. 680 58 621 88 9 79 6 150 - 1 353 425 1 1 0 2 37.0 3,682 97 769 1,103 741 860 112 33.6 - 42.0 42 5 6 12 11 6 2 34.5 - - 20.0 13 - 5 6 3 - - 38.0 19 - 4 7 5 3 _ - 38.8 36.9 38.0 34.0 32.5 35.3 30.5 27.0 39.4 589 236 27 32 30 12 17 2 146 _ - 142 56 3 10 10 3 6 34 203 87 16 13 12 6 4 2 45 139 50 7 3 5 2 3 35 100 38 1 6 3 3 28 - 23 100 47 9 2 8 7 1 29 28 6 3 8 53 12 3 28 41.4 44.0 42.0 46.0 27.0 48.0 35.3 36.0 353 50 46 127 10 50 23 42 _ - 85 8 10 28 3 17 3 14 116 14 16 45 3 14 11 11 89 14 9 31 1 14 8 10 61 14 11 23 2 5 1 5 - 32.6 35.0 31.8 32.5 80 34 30 17 - 16 5 7 4 49 22 23 5 11 5 4 2 38.0 40.0 37.7 592 50 542 176 9 168 157 22 135 - 1 2 70 41 6 2 11 6 4 5 89 57 8 5 17 10 6 2 27 14 3 2 5 2 32 2 2 12 3 29 14 1 1 7 7 - - 13 5 9 0 14 14 - 10 5 9 1 3 8 4 3 3 _ - 70 10 49 10 26 6 14 5 22 14 6 2 - 1 _ - 447 27 3 24 - - 24 4 20 23 2 21 _ - - 53 53 - - 0 6 2 92 6 85 108 12 96 - 31.0 - 35.5 6 4 - 4 2 2 - 32.6 31.6 30.3 30.0 32.3 32.5 33.0 27.0 32.6 33.2 36.7 34.0 33.6 28.5 30.0 31.0 32.7 29.4 30.7 27.3 29.5 7 1 6 29.5 33.4 29.0 Table 14. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization representation, sex, and race, SViay 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Represented by labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Not represented by labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Black and other women—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 292 22 Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ....:...................................................... Other professional services............................. 2,556 95 559 358 202 29 1,873 743 568 562 708 16 47 2 45 4 641 307 201 133 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 0 - Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ....................................... Postal .................................................................. State .................................................................... Local.................................................................... ' Fewer than 500 workers. 372 183 52 53 84 145 55 40 18 31 4 - 5 67 4 6 196 0 4 4 2 190 103 56 31 185 3 11 11 172 75 64 33 246 9 27 2 24 0 210 106 63 42 - - - 6 57 12 19 25 0 - _ - 7 2 2 2 - 9 16 7 0 1 7 56 20 19 5 13 - 40 14 14 5 7 10 10 8 1 - 33 14 8 6 5 _ - 28.0 270 8 71 105 58 27 38.6 49.0 39.4 58.0 39.1 31.0 38.5 38.7 39.5 36.0 1,848 79 512 355 157 25 1,232 436 367 429 27 (1) 3 3 1 23 11 2 10 284 23 33 13 19 5 223 89 53 80 484 33 62 23 39 8 380 107 136 137 376 10 99 46 53 6 260 83 89 88 584 13 247 204 42 5 320 128 84 107 _ - - - - 34.6 35.4 35.3 36.0 31.3 0 228 129 12 35 53 - 0 4 2 _ 2 0 65 37 2 12 14 80 40 5 12 23 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. workers in cell. 47 30 3 7 7 29 19 2 2 6 1 30.3 93 37.7 28.6 50.4 54.7 38.3 32.5 34.4 35.1 34.4 33.8 _ 68 65 3 25 17 2 6 23.0 3 _ 3 Dashes (-) indicate no 30.2 30.8 31.5 27.0 30.0 Table 15. Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers not in labor organization Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Both sexes All industries .................................................. 87,480 20,095 Agriculture............................................................... 1,455 51 M ining...................................................................... 892 286 Construction ........................................................... 4,982 1,574 Manufacturing, to ta l................................................ Durable goods, to ta l............................................ Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 20,976 12,546 2,769 2,779 2,031 951 676 404 4,966 6,771 4,366 1,251 798 1,038 582 286 170 1,278 Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. T extiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g o o ds.................................. 8,430 1,674 786 1,298 751 1,433 1,240 1,028 2,405 628 117 326 369 290 320 281 0 0 Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 5,469 3,241 1,447 1,359 2,429 1,595 714 594 0 0 Trade....................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... 17,401 3,419 13,981 1,753 389 1,363 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 5,152 190 - Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................. Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... 25,123 2,902 2,868 1,214 1,653 4,743 293 237 7 229 See footnotes at end of table. 2,493 5,960 4,478 6,844 227 38.0 67,384 2,666 14,814 18,137 12,610 17,208 1,949 33.8 12 19 5 13 2 35.6 1,404 137 397 313 223 272 63 28.9 1 49 86 71 78 1 35.4 605 3 138 205 110 141 8 31.7 4 186 506 302 554 21 37.3 3,408 72 936 979 572 796 54 31.7 7 904 578 128 132 112 43 35 35 206 1,824 1,181 369 227 264 164 60 40 322 1,497 975 273 157 256 151 71 34 289 2,488 1,605 470 275 401 221 121 58 460 51 27 11 8 6 3 38.9 38.8 39.5 37.3 39.9 39.6 42.3 37.1 38.2 14,205 8,180 1,518 1,981 993 369 390 234 3,688 170 72 8 21 7 2 1 4 35 2,758 1,534 255 368 147 44 51 52 764 3,878 2,324 435 595 249 94 81 74 1,045 3,017 1,769 330 400 237 99 91 47 801 4,163 2,383 470 574 348 131 161 56 990 218 98 19 22 4 53 35.7 35.5 36.3 34.9 38.0 38.4 40.3 34.1 34.8 326 92 21 25 44 48 44 44 644 161 20 68 102 75 104 84 522 136 27 66 101 63 60 58 883 232 45 155 122 99 112 92 39.0 38.1 40.0 44.8 38.9 39.3 37.4 37.9 6,025 1,046 669 972 382 1,143 921 747 98 17 11 14 2 50 5 1,224 241 143 185 54 281 123 182 1,554 257 151 251 105 289 286 185 1,249 218 133 202 89 223 208 142 1,781 295 215 305 124 272 289 216 120 18 17 16 9 29 14 17 36.0 34.4 37.3 37.0 38.3 33.4 38.0 35.8 242 144 88 55 775 458 272 206 633 423 162 139 766 558 192 190 4 37.5 39.1 35.0 37.4 3,040 1,646 734 765 28 19 7 2 531 321 98 122 977 502 261 237 643 348 163 153 825 428 201 245 35 28 4 5 34.8 34.5 34.5 36.2 456 63 393 458 111 347 299 87 212 449 124 325 20 4 16 32.3 37.1 31.1 15,648 3,030 12,618 1,468 31 1,436 4,560 547 4,013 3,666 970 2,696 2,259 591 1,668 3,218 788 2,429 41 51 29 65 5 35.8 4,962 74 1,055 1,414 1,011 412 55 44 1,518 83 42 1,114 66 49 2 47 1,598 87 92 4 88 92 2 6 2 4 38.4 37.1 38.7 52.0 38.4 20,381 2,609 2,631 1,207 1,424 679 70 242 178 64 3,970 689 488 177 312 5,674 739 555 158 397 3,949 475 360 134 226 94 - - - 7 2 2 3 1 70 70 10 - 4 - - 4 - 44 42 - 3 2 24 5 1 10 (') 4 3 14 13 - - - 0 4 All 102 376 29.5 35.0 27.9 1,260 147 34.7 5,277 540 767 408 360 832 95 218 153 65 34.8 31.8 35.4 41.2 33.5 Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Both sexes—Continued Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 902 18,451 8,062 3,901 6,489 127 4,086 2,767 692 627 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 87 12 Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ....................................... Postal .................................................................. S ta te .................................................................... Local.................................................................... 5,364 1,795 691 972 1,906 1,812 347 509 253 703 All industries .................................................. 49,348 14,039 Agriculture............................................................... 1,141 42 Mining..................................................................... 4 2 2 - 20 292 130 92 70 41 1,351 926 231 194 27 972 681 149 143 23 1,397 978 210 208 - 2 4 2 4 1 145 25 39 28 53 559 105 128 60 266 434 94 107 63 170 655 120 229 100 206 64 1,727 4,163 3,090 - 10 15 - 46 4 4 1 - _ 12 72 51 9 12 35.2 38.6 38.9 37.2 38.2 775 14,366 5,295 3,209 5,861 102 265 111 31 123 265 2,527 854 630 1,044 157 4,223 1,487 1,068 1,668 87 3,027 1,226 628 1,173 124 3,846 1,487 797 1,561 40 478 131 56 292 26.4 35.5 36.3 34.0 35.5 36.0 76 3 16 22 20 12 2 31.0 18 3 7 1 7 39.5 39.3 43 7 40.1 37.0 3,551 1,448 18? 719 1,202 34 5 12 17 443 145 13 114 171 985 404 49 196 336 783 348 46 153 236 1,196 527 65 224 380 111 18 9 21 63 38.8 39.0 43 6 37.3 38.4 4,856 140 38.1 35,308 1,444 7,362 9,649 6,524 9,231 1,099 34.2 4 11 2 36.0 1,100 110 301 244 172 213 59 28.9 81 70 76 1 35.8 495 98 169 92 129 6 32.6 182 502 299 543 21 37.3 3,017 67 842 873 484 699 52 31.4 716 475 114 114 94 39 22 34 153 1,465 991 318 207 221 138 46 37 245 1,155 783 255 134 221 134 58 29 171 1,918 1,333 428 247 354 196 107 50 305 36 25 9 8 6 3 38.4 38.7 39.9 37.1 40.2 39.8 43.8 36.2 36.2 9,040 5,698 1,133 1,501 762 291 265 206 2,303 106 44 4 19 4 1,606 988 192 254 103 29 29 45 440 2,465 1,599 311 436 181 72 45 64 671 1,976 1,285 245 329 182 80 64 38 529 2,718 1,706 365 444 287 110 123 54 610 168 76 16 20 4 36 36.3 36.2 36.8 36.0 39.0 40.0 43.2 34.8 35.1 240 76 15 8 30 39 35 30 475 128 16 13 90 55 88 56 372 111 16 12 88 48 52 35 585 177 25 31 103 81 88 52 38.0 37.6 37.4 44.0 39.3 40.3 37.2 35.7 3,342 684 355 234 269 618 653 420 618 154 71 31 29 148 75 102 866 185 76 70 74 139 193 107 692 135 72 46 63 123 149 77 1,012 184 116 72 93 149 223 125 92 16 14 11 9 22 14 6 36.7 33.4 38.3 37.4 40.7 33.8 40.2 35.9 - Men 770 274 Construction ........................................................... 4,567 1,551 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 14,334 9,305 2,258 2,210 1,659 801 498 360 3,179 5,293 3,606 1,125 709 897 510 233 154 876 Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g oods.................................. 5,029 1,182 429 300 580 847 915 596 1,687 498 74 66 312 228 262 176 See footnotes at end of table. - 4 2 - 2 - 0 - (1) - 3 1 11 4 1 - (') 4 _ 1 0 - 4 16 62 11 6 4 1 37 - 3 - 4 0 Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Men—Continued Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................. Transportation ..................................................... Communication .................................................... Other public utilities............................................. 3,947 2,578 798 1,114 1,885 1,431 372 527 T rade....................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... 9,305 2,562 6,743 1,151 347 803 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 1,982 119 - Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 9,260 1,882 793 188 606 531 6,053 2,795 935 2,324 1,909 216 118 2 116 85 1,489 1,030 201 259 - Forestry and fisheries............................................ 68 9 - Public administration .............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................... Local..................................................................... 3,431 1,053 520 586 1,272 1,361 236 411 164 549 - See footnotes at end of table. 171 126 41 46 562 404 133 178 494 369 81 129 645 521 117 172 297 58 239 321 107 214 185 75 110 17 31 159 42 24 600 67 24 52 52 3 2 - - - 0 1 1 87 10 28 10 39 3 35.8 34.8 36.8 37.5 1,630 594 1,036 263 83 180 29.6 35.8 27.2 404 565 101 38.3 2,104 461 158 21 137 89 1,396 516 286 594 1,278 313 65 7 58 32 869 342 98 429 1,869 334 162 32 131 79 1,294 502 176 615 347 74 45 20 25 30 198 36 25 137 34.3 32.2 31.2 21.7 33.0 26.3 35.9 35.5 33.5 37.2 8 19 17 11 1 32.5 193 41 7 51 94 567 223 28 108 207 471 200 24 90 158 748 341 43 151 213 75 40.1 41.4 45.7 39.2 38.6 3 38.7 39.7 35.9 38.0 2,062 ■1,147 425 587 22 15 4 2 341 224 46 83 614 331 127 177 456 236 116 125 604 317 133 197 288 107 181 7 1 7 31.6 36.3 30.0 8,155 2,215 5,940 771 24 747 2,285 367 1,918 2,053 704 1,349 1,152 443 710 21 45 4 40.8 1,864 31 241 521 659 61 41 41 19 537 376 61 100 40 2 2 24 25 484 332 72 80 448 44 25 2 23 19 361 259 37 64 39.0 35.6 37.5 42.0 37.3 37.1 39.6 39.6 37.1 40.9 7,351 1,666 675 186 489 446 4,564 1,765 734 2,065 317 55 88 57 30 59 116 62 13 41 1,435 430 158 50 108 156 691 306 136 249 4 2 4 36.5 59 3 429 75 99 43 212 327 64 81 46 136 502 85 198 64 155 39.7 39.4 45.1 40.7 36.9 2,070 816 109 422 723 16 - 24 14 79 41 28 10 2 1 12 11 - 2 7 29 21 3 5 15 3 5 O 7 8 8 25 23 - 11 7 14 43 Tab!© 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 65 years Median and years years years years years age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over White men All industries .................................................. 44,085 12,261 Agriculture............................................................... 991 35 55 1,508 3,619 2,681 4,275 - 10 15 1 9 - 43 76 70 75 2 165 453 273 4 633 423 104 106 79 33 16 29 135 1,258 851 276 180 185 117 40 28 210 210 65 14 6 29 36 31 25 Mining..................................................................... 729 263 Construction ........................................................... 4,139 1,404 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment............................... Automobiles ................................................... A ircra ft............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 12,836 8,364 2,008 2,080 1,468 718 445 304 2,809 Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food ................................................................. Textiles............................................................. Apparel ............................................................. Paper ................................................................ Printing ............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum............................... Other nondurable g o o ds................................. 4,472 1,054 352 246 522 775 814 548 1,458 423 66 50 269 204 236 151 Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 3,507 2,261 729 1,004 1,644 1,240 334 466 Trade...................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail ................................................................... 8,447 2,335 6,112 984 279 705 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 1,805 90 - Services ................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services.................................. 8,089 1,671 641 146 495 1,639 178 97 2 95 See footnotes at end of table. 4,623 ■ 3,165 977 651 768 438 201 129 768 - 4 2 - 2 (') 0 123 38.1 31,824 1,323 6,567 8,653 5,871 8,426 984 34.2 - 30.5 956 108 271 220 136 171 50 27.9 1 36.0 465 91 160 86 122 6 32.7 492 18 37.4 2,735 61 777 806 420 623 48 31.0 994 669 214 121 189 114 48 27 145 1,701 1,201 378 236 309 171 97 41 277 32 20 5 8 6 3 38.7 39.0 40.0 37.7 40.6 39.8 44.8 37.0 36.8 8,213 5,199 1,031 1,428 699 280 244 175 2,040 100 42 4 17 4 _ 1,431 887 177 240 94 29 26 39 376 2,191 1,428 272 402 163 68 40 54 591 1,805 1,175 217 320 158 77 54 27 479 2,531 1,597 346 430 276 106 120 50 545 155 71 13 20 4 _ 4 (’) 34 36.7 36.5 37.2 36.3 39.8 40.2 45.5 35.0 35.4 407 109 14 9 72 48 78 50 326 97 16 8 80 42 46 31 499 147 21 26 88 73 82 43 0 38.1 37.8 37.3 44.9 39.6 40.5 37.5 35.7 3,014 631 286 196 253 571 578 396 58 11 6 3 1 34 3 544 139 55 25 29 136 65 88 763 174 56 52 68 133 158 103 630 120 55 41 61 114 139 75 934 172 103 63 87 134 204 121 84 16 12 11 7 20 12 6 36.9 33.1 39.6 38.4 40.6 33.7 40.7 36.2 144 114 27 41 482 341 119 156 420 309 75 107 585 465 114 159 38.9 39.8 37.0 37.9 1,863 1,021 395 537 19 13 4 2 305 191 41 82 542 285 117 158 410 216 108 106 563 294 126 186 23 22 _ 3 36.1 35.4 36.8 37.6 271 52 219 275 86 188 151 60 92 236 81 154 7 31.2 36.0 29.8 7,462 2,055 5,407 713 23 690 2,067 336 1,730 1,875 655 1,220 1,050 400 650 1,516 564 952 242 77 165 29.7 36.0 27.2 12 22 16 37 4 41.4 1,715 19 220 470 379 531 96 38.7 127 39 21 522 54 19 387 35 18 2 16 565 50 34 36 39.0 34.5 39.0 42.0 38.5 6,450 1,493 545 144 401 285 54 78 55 23 1,236 369 136 47 89 1,856 409 131 15 116 1,134 284 57 3 54 1,648 306 115 18 97 291 71 29 7 22 34.3 32.6 30.0 19.9 31.9 - 45 45 3 - 2 - - 2 - 21 19 - - 3 1 11 4 1 _ 4 1 12 11 3 7 - - 2 - 34 2 (’) - 4 16 _ Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers not in labor organization Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over White men—Continued Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 484 5,293 2,466 719 2,107 78 1,286 948 116 222 - Forestry and fisheries ............................................ 61 8 - Public administration .............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................... Local..................................................................... 2,994 896 427 542 1,129 1,174 192 334 155 493 - All industries .................................................. 5,262 1,778 Agriculture............................................................... 151 6 - Mining...................................................................... 41 11 - Construction ........................................................... 428 147 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l............................................ Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... A ircra ft............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 1,498 941 249 131 191 83 53 55 370 671 441 148 58 128 72 32 24 107 33.2 142 589 254 113 222 83 1,233 451 237 545 29 764 298 71 394 70 1,157 436 150 571 35.0 53 3 6 18 15 11 1,820 704 93 387 636 16 7 39.3 38.6 45.6 40.6 36.5 8 8 153 34 5 48 66 499 192 22 97 187 415 174 20 85 137 667 293 39 137 197 71 11 7 12 41 40.6 41.6 47.4 39.7 39.0 581 17 37.6 3,484 120 795 996 653 805 115 33.4 3 2 2 47.3 144 2 31 24 36 43 9 38.4 31.0 30 7 9 6 7 4 1 3 1 65 4 21 8 32 379 68 76 41 194 296 54 71 46 125 419 63 163 59 134 9 219 543 409 - - 1 - 55 98 47 12 40 18 463 343 37 83 0 26.1 36.0 35.7 33.5 37.3 406 4,007 1,518 604 1,885 17 317 240 18 59 14 53 29 16 8 26 165 32 20 113 37.1 39.5 39.5 37.0 41.1 23 426 316 43 67 1 7 27 21 1 5 13 2 3 0 - Black and other men Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel.............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum................................ Other nondurable g oods.................................. See footnotes at end of table. 557 128 77 54 59 71 100 48 229 75 8 16 43 24 26 24 2 _ - - _ - 32.0 3 6 1 ‘1 17 49 26 50 3 36.2 281 6 65 67 64 76 3 35.4 82 52 10 7 16 6 5 4 18 207 140 42 26 36 21 6 9 35 161 114 42 14 32 20 10 2 26 217 131 50 10 44 25 11 9 27 4 4 4 36.2 35.9 39.5 33.7 37.6 39.5 38.0 33.3 34.5 827 500 102 73 63 11 21 31 263 6 2 175 102 15 14 9 3 6 64 275 171 39 34 18 4 5 9 80 171 110 27 8 24 3 10 11 50 187 109 18 14 12 4 3 5 65 13 5 3 33.5 33.3 34.7 30.0 34.7 32.0 35.0 34.0 33.1 36.8 35.6 38.0 37.0 35.5 39.0 31.0 36.0 328 53 69 38 16 47 74 24 73 15 17 6 103 11 20 18 6 6 35 4 61 14 17 5 2 9 10 2 78 12 13 9 6 14 18 4 30 11 1 2 2 3 4 5 67 19 2 4 18 7 10 6 46 14 0 5 8 6 6 4 85 31 4 5 15 8 6 9 - - 0 _ - - 2 4 - (1) - - 3 - - 12 9 14 - 3 8 - 2 - 2 2 2 “ 34.0 36.4 31.7 33.2 42.0 36.0 33.5 27.0 Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Black and other men—Continued Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 441 317 68 110 242 191 38 61 - Trade...................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail ................................................................... 859 227 631 166 68 99 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 177 29 Services................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services.................................. Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 1,171 212 152 41 110 47 760 328 215 217 270 39 21 Forestry and fisheries ..................... ..................... 6 1 Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ....................................... Postal ......................................................... State ........................................................... Local ........................................................... 437 157 93 44 143 187 44 77 9 56 See footnotes at end of table. 21 7 203 81 85 37 7 7 - - _ - 28 12 15 4 80 63 14 22 74 59 6 22 60 57 3 13 26 6 20 47 20 26 33 15 18 53 26 27 6 9 6 9 32 3 3 78 13 4 61 9 7 94 12 7 - 3 0 26 13 12 2 - 4 3 58 16 29 13 7 2 44 20 19 5 1 22 5 7 2 8 - 50 7 23 3 18 31 10 10 0 10 - 37.8 39.2 30.0 39.3 199 126 30 49 - 33.9 40.3 32.0 692 160 533 - 36.0 39.3 40.0 36.0 (1) 82 22 36 5 20 36 33 5 46 20 8 19 41 23 7 12 57 218 31 188 179 50 129 103 43 60 148 12 20 51 - 36.0 38.0 40.3 41.5 37.3 40.0 901 173 130 41 89 40 557 247 130 180 32 1 10 3 7 4 18 15 1 1 199 61 22 2 19 14 102 52 23 27 - 46.0 5 - 42.8 45.3 41.6 46.0 41.7 249 112 15 35 87 0 1 1 4 2 (’) - 7 2 74 33 23 17 3 3 72 46 10 18 0 2 2 3 1 1 - - 58 0 (') 1 33.3 31.6 36.7 35.6 114 30 84 21 6 15 28.3 33.7 26.6 25 34 6 33.7 248 51 27 6 22 7 163 66 49 49 144 29 8 4 4 2 105 43 27 35 221 28 47 14 34 9 137 67 26 44 56 3 16 13 3 4 33 4 5 24 34.1 28.5 45.0 52.0 38.7 29.0 34.8 34.0 33.6 36.8 2 1 1 1 23.5 40 7 1 3 28 68 31 6 11 20 56 26 4 5 21 4 37.8 40.4 37.3 34.5 35.3 0 2 1 _ 81 47 4 14 16 (1) 2 2 Table 15. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers not in labor organization Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Women All industries .................................................. 38,132 6,056 Agriculture............................................................... 314 9 Mining...................................................................... 122 12 Construction ........................................................... 415 23 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l............................................ Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods......................................... 6,642 3,241 511 569 373 151 177 45 1,788 1,478 759 126 89 142 72 53 16 403 Nondurable goods, total ..................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................. Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable go o ds.................................. 3,402 492 357 998 170 586 326 432 718 130 43 260 57 61 58 106 - Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................. 1,521 663 650 245 544 164 341 67 0 0 T rade...................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... 8,095 857 7,238 602 42 560 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 3,170 71 - Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................. Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... 15,863 1,020 2,074 1,027 1,048 2,834 77 119 6 113 See footnotes at end of table. 30 32,076 1,223 7,453 8,488 6,086 7,977 850 33.4 - 35.0 304 26 96 69 50 59 4 29.1 2 - 27.5 110 3 40 36 18 11 2 27.5 3 11 - 42.0 391 4 93 106 88 97 3 34.4 359 190 51 20 42 26 14 3 76 342 192 18 22 35 17 13 5 118 571 272 41 28 47 25 14 8 155 40.6 39.6 35.1 38.3 37.3 37.5 33.0 43.0 41.3 5,164 2,481 385 480 231 79 124 28 1,385 64 28 4 2 3 2 1 1,152 545 63 114 44 15 22 7 324 1,413 725 125 159 68 22 35 11 374 1,041 484 85 72 55 19 28 9 271 1,445 677 105 131 61 21 38 2 380 50 22 3 2 34.6 33.9 34.9 31.9 35.1 34.7 36.4 30.0 34.0 86 16 5 17 14 9 9 13 169 33 4 55 12 19 16 28 150 25 11 54 13 15 9 23 298 54 20 124 18 18 24 40 41.8 40.0 45.0 45.3 35.3 37.0 40.5 42.0 2,683 362 314 738 113 525 268 326 607 87 72 153 26 133 49 80 687 71 74 182 31 150 93 79 557 84 61 155 26 100 60 64 768 111 100 233 31 123 67 91 70 17 46 9 213 54 139 28 138 55 81 10 120 36 75 17 978 499 308 179 6 3 2 2 34.4 35.6 34.1 33.3 190 98 53 39 363 171 134 61 188 112 47 28 158 5 153 137 4 133 114 13 102 160 17 143 13 3 10 34.2 45.0 33.4 7,493 815 6,678 697 8 689 2,275 181 2,094 1,613 266 1,347 24 20 7 20 1 31.0 3,098 43 814 252 13 20 918 16 19 666 22 24 939 26 50 4 46 52 38.1 39.7 39.2 58.0 38.9 13,030 943 1,956 1,021 935 362 16 155 121 34 2,535 259 331 127 204 1,798 1,388 1,988 2 4 1 2 3 5 1 4 4 188 102 14 18 18 4 13 1 53 1 3 - 3 2 1 1 18 18 7 - 2 - 37.8 766 - 2 - - 20 19 24 87 15 2 2 0 13 2 10 2 2 2 - - 3 2 2 19 36 6 5 10 1 13 1 - 17 11 35.3 36.7 36.2 36.9 34.9 33.0 33.1 35.7 221 111 68 48 10 5 4 2 32.4 33.8 31.3 32.0 1,107 149 958 1,587 194 1,394 215 19 196 29.3 32.8 28.7 893 607 694 46 32.3 3,570 279 397 137 260 2,671 162 296 128 168 3,408 206 605 376 229 485 21 173 133 40 35.0 31.2 37.1 44.0 33.7 28 2 3 5 7 - Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over ■ Women—Continued Entertainment...................................................... Professional services ......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 371 12,398 5,267 2,966 4,165 42 2,597 1,737 491 369 - 6 213 89 64 61 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... 20 3 - 2 Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ..................... .................. Postal ................................................................... State .................................................................... Local..................................................................... 1,933 742 172 386 633 452 111 98 89 154 _ 59 15 11 19 13 130 30 29 16 54 107 30 26 17 34 153 35 31 36 51 All industries .................................................. 33,059 4,838 639 1,421 1,070 1,606 Agriculture............................................................... 269 7 - 2 3 Mining..................................................................... 106 9 - 1 5 Construction ........................................................... 393 21 - 4 Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 5,766 2,845 460 527 300 117 143 41 1,558 1,207 609 103 79 101 50 37 14 325 Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food .................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel.............................................................. Paper ................................................................ Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g o o ds.................................. 2,921 420 301 818 156 532 292 369 598 108 33 210 52 58 47 86 4 2 2 - - - 16 867 594 159 114 8 611 422 111 78 1 O 3 860 602 150 108 - 5 43 29 7 7 33.0 38.1 38.5 37.2 36.5 329 9,802 3,530 2,475 3,796 42 149 49 18 82 108 1,836 547 494 795 68 2,827 971 782 1,074 55 2,158 884 530 744 45 2,552 985 620 946 11 280 94 31 154 26.5 35.3 36.7 34.2 34.6 34.0 17 1 7 3 4 1 1 27.0 1,482 632 73 297 480 18 5 2 1 1 38.6 38.6 40.8 38.5 37.2 4 9 250 104 7 62 77 418 181 21 88 128 312 148 22 63 78 448 186 22 73 167 36 7 1 7 20 36.5 35.9 42.2 34.3 38.1 77 37.9 28,221 1,125 6,660 7,315 5,310 7,073 738 33.4 3 - - White women See footnotes at end of table. 25 3 - 3 2 1 - - 2 - 26.0 262 21 90 57 39 53 2 27.7 1 2 - 29.0 97 3 35 31 15 11 2 27.4 3 2 11 - 46.0 372 4 89 100 83 94 3 34.1 160 88 12 17 11 4 6 1 47 273 136 43 15 27 17 10 O 51 275 152 12 20 24 11 8 5 95 480 230 33 27 39 19 12 8 131 41.2 40.4 34.6 39.2 40.0 38.7 36.0 44.0 41.7 4,559 2,237 357 448 199 67 106 26 1,233 64 28 4 2 3 2 1 1,011 489 61 104 34 12 16 7 291 1,206 635 108 146 54 16 30 9 327 899 433 78 69 50 17 25 9 236 1,335 633 103 125 58 21 35 2 348 44 18 3 2 34.9 34.2 35.7 32.1 36.2 36.0 37.6 30.3 34.1 72 13 3 12 12 9 9 12 137 32 3 43 9 19 11 19 123 19 8 46 13 14 5 17 250 43 17 99 18 15 20 37 42.2 39.3 50.0 45.6 38.0 35.0 41.3 44.3 2,323 311 268 608 104 474 245 283 521 79 62 126 23 115 46 66 571 57 59 136 27 136 82 68 466 69 52 124 25 86 52 53 702 97 88 207 29 117 66 85 - 15 2 2 - - (’) 13 2 10 - 2 19 36 6 5 10 1 13 - 1 _ - _ 13 26 2 3 5 7 _ 9 35.6 36.7 36.7 37.9 35.5 33.2 33.4 36.2 Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over White women—Continued Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................. 1,310 593 542 210 423 129 272 49 T rade....................................................................... W holesale............................................................ Retail .................................................................... 7,416 799 6,617 521 35 486 - Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 2,878 56 - Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................ Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 13,307 924 1,515 669 846 343 10,525 4,525 2,398 3,603 2,234 60 72 3 69 38 2,063 1,482 322 260 Forestry and fisheries ............................................ 19 Public administration .............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... S ta te ..................................................................... Local..................................................................... 1,561 559 119 333 550 See footnotes at end of table. 1 0 0 18 18 3 - 2 - 59 12 38 .9 150 44 98 17 112 48 67 5 100 24 69 16 148 5 142 114 3 111 91 9 82 17 15 199 8 15 760 16 15 - 2 2 - - 15 6 169 83 47 39 3 - 2 331 69 60 74 129 _ 47 10 11 17 10 - - 2 35.0 35.9 34.9 33.5 887 464 270 161 137 15 123 13 3 10 33.0 45.3 32.3 3 20 1 509 20 13 722 17 24 2 22 3 678 511 94 72 42 - 15 14 714 506 117 91 13 8 468 360 56 52 1 0 89 18 12 15 44 69 18 12 12 28 124 24 23 30 47 2 2 - - 3 2 2 5 34 21 7 6 3 2 1 1 6 3 2 172 92 45 35 306 149 104 55 177 108 47 23 216 107 68 47 10 5 4 2 33.3 34.4 32.7 32.7 6,894 764 6,130 644 8 636 2,096 172 1,924 1,452 242 1,210 1,015 142 873 1,479 182 1,297 208 18 190 29.3 32.8 28.7 33.5 2,822 35 741 786 548 667 44 32.6 37.8 38.8 38.8 60.0 38.5 34.3 37.8 38.4 35.9 36.4 11,073 864 1,443 666 777 304 8,462 3,043 2,076 3,343 334 15 151 118 33 42 126 38 16 72 2,238 237 298 113 185 103 1,601 451 439 711 3,048 245 334 114 220 59 2,409 847 632 929 2,266 152 196 82 115 49 1,869 788 431 649 2,795 194 358 172 187 40 2,203 842 529 833 392 21 105 68 38 11 255 77 29 149 34.6 31.7 33.1 33.8 32.7 25.8 35.4 37.0 34.1 34.7 34.0 17 1 7 3 4 1 1 28.0 40.3 40.8 42.7 38.7 38.8 1,229 490 60 259 420 13 3 181 65 5 50 61 323 134 14 73 103 264 117 19 56 72 416 165 20 70 159 33 7 1 7 17 38.2 37.6 43.3 35.2 40.3 - 2 8 Table 15. Continued-Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years Total 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other women All industries .................................................. 5,072 1,218 Agriculture............................................................... 45 2 Mining..................................................................... 16 3 Construction ........................................................... 21 2 - Manufacturing, to ta l............................................... Durable goods, to ta l........................................... Metal industries................................................ Machinery, except electrical............................ Transportation equipment................................ Automobiles ................................................... Aircraft ............................................................ Other transportation equipment ................... Other durable goods........................................ 876 395 51 42 73 34 35 4 230 271 151 23 9 41 23 16 2 78 _ -- Nondurable goods, total .................................... Food ................................................................. Textiles.............................................................. Apparel .............................................................. Paper ................................................................ Printing .............................................................. Chemicals and petroleum ................................ Other nondurable g o o ds.................................. 481 72 56 180 15 55 34 63 120 22 10 50 5 3 11 19 - Transportation, communication, and public utilities ................................................ Transportation ..................................................... Communication ................................................... Other public utilities............................................ 211 71 108 35 120 35 70 18 Trade...................................................................... Wholesale............................................................ Retail ................................................................... See footnotes at end of table. 680 58 621 81 7 74 5 - 126 - 1 1 1 1 67 41 6 2 11 6 4 5 86 54 8 5 16 10 4 2 25 14 3 2 5 2 32 2 2 12 3 7 - - 1 12 5 8 - _ 381 1 29 14 1 1 7 - - - - - 318 0 2 _ - 377 11 11 - 37.5 3,855 97 792 1,173 776 904 112 33.7 - 42.0 42 5 6 12 11 6 2 34.5 - - 20.0 13 - 5 6 3 - - 34.0 19 - 4 7 5 3 38.2 36.7 37.0 34.0 33.5 35.3 31.0 27.0 39.0 605 245 28 32 32 12 18 2 152 142 56 3 10 10 3 6 34 207 91 16 13 14 6 6 2 47 142 51 7 3 5 2 3 35 110 43 2 6 3 3 32 40.6 44.5 42.0 43.0 27.0 48.0 35.3 35.5 361 50 46 130 10 51 23 44 85 8 10 28 3 17 3 14 116 14 16 45 3 14 11 11 91 14 9 31 1 14 8 11 66 14 11 26 2 6 1 5 32.9 34.5 32.2 33.0 90 36 38 17 17 5 8 5 57 22 30 5 11 5 5 3 39.0 42.0 38.6 599 51 548 179 9 171 160 23 137 90 42 8 2 8 7 1 - 22 24 26 5 3 8 48 12 3 25 - - 5 9 1 3 6 3 3 3 62 10 42 10 26 6 14 5 20 13 6 2 23 1 22 24 4 20 10 23 2 21 _ - _ - _ - - _ - _ - _ - - - _ 53 - 53 - _ 0 6 2 92 6 85 108 12 96 - 31.0 - 36.0 6 4 _ 4 2 _ - 2 32.9 31.9 30.7 30.0 31.7 32.5 31.5 27.0 33.5 33.5 37.0 34.0 33.9 28.5 32.0 31.0 33.3 29.5 30.8 27.7 ,29.0 - _ 7 1 6 29.6 33.1 29.0 Table 15. Continued—Age distribution of employed wage and salary workers by industry, labor organization membership, sex, and race, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Workers in labor organization Industry of current job Total workers Total Workers not in labor organization 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Total 16 to 17 18 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 64 years years years years years 65 years Median and age over Black and other women—Continued Finance, insurance, and real estate .................... 292 16 Services .................................................................. Business and repair............................................. Personal services ............................................... Private household services.............................. Other personal services................................... Entertainment...................................................... Professional services .......................................... Education .......................................................... Hospitals ........................................................... Other professional services............................. 2,556 95 559 358 202 29 1,873 743 568 562 600 16 46 2 44 4 533 256 169 108 Forestry and fisheries ........................................... (') - Public administration ............................................. Federal, except postal ........................................ Postal ................................................................... State .................................................................... L ocal.................................................................... 1 Fewer than 500 workers. 372 183 52 53 84 120 42 39 15 25 4 - 54 4 6 158 0 3 157 3 11 - - 44 5 17 21 _ - 11 6 - - 3 2 153 88 42 23 - - _ - 4 6 2 2 2 - 5 - - - 7 (’) 1 4 41 12 17 2 10 11 - 218 9 27 2 24 - - - 143 62 55 26 182 91 55 36 - 39 12 14 5 7 10 - 10 8 1 - 29 11 8 6 4 _ - 27.0 276 39.4 50.0 42.0 58.0 39.7 30.7 39.4 39.8 39.7 36.8 1,957 79 513 355 157 25 1,340 487 399 454 35.3 36.5 35.5 38.0 31.0 0 252 141 14 38 59 8 74 107 59 27 27 297 23 33 13 19 5 236 96 55 84 522 33 63 23 40 8 418 123 150 145 405 10 99 46 53 6 289 96 98 95 613 13 247 204 42 5 348 143 92 113 - - - 0 3 3 1 23 11 2 10 - 0 4 2 - 2 O 69 39 2 12 16 95 48 7 15 26 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. workers in cell. 49 31 3 7 7 1 30.1 93 37.5 28.5 50.3 54.7 38.0 33.0 34.5 35.1 34.6 33.8 68 65 3 25 17 2 6 23.0 32 21 2 2 7 3 - 3 Dashes (-) indicate no 30.5 31.3 31.0 27.2 30.2 Table 16. Black workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Occupation of current job All employed wage and salary workers Represented by labor organization Not represented by labor organization Total Percent black Total Percent black Total Percent black All occupations1 ................................................................... 87,480 11.8 22,493 14.7 64,986 10.8 White-collar occupations.............................................................. Professional, technical, and kindred workers........................... Managers and administrators, except fa rm .............................. Clerical and kindred workers.................................................... Sales workers............................................................................ 45,955 14,436 8,953 17,507 5,059 8.8 9.6 4.9 11.3 5.4 8,483 3,997 868 3,365 253 14.2 12.4 9.9 17.5 11.7 37,472 10,439 8,086 14,142 4,805 7.6 8.5 4.4 9.8 5.0 Blue-collar workers...................................................................... Craft and kindred workers ........................................................ Carpenters............................................................................... Construction craft workers, except carpenters ..................... Mechanics and repairers........................................................ O th e r....................................................................................... Operatives and kindred workers.............................................. Operatives, except transport ................................................. Drivers and delivery workers ................................................. Other transport equipment operatives................................... Nonfarm laborers ...................................................................... Construction............................................................................ Manufacturing ......................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers ..................................................... 28,414 11,083 836 2,212 4,234 3,802 13,208 9,982 2,719 507 4,123 771 836 2,516 12.9 8.6 7.4 10.8 7.9 8.3 15.8 15.8 15.0 19.4 15.5 15.9 18.0 14.6 11,763 4,571 284 1,116 1,815 1,357 5,743 4,229 1,168 346 1,448 265 436 747 13.3 8.2 5.2 8.5 8.2 8.5 16.3 16.6 15.8 15.4 17.8 18.6 17.0 18.0 16,651 6,512 552 1,096 2,419 2,445 7,465 5,753 1,551 161 2,674 506 400 1,768 12.7 8.9 8.6 13.1 7.8 8.2 15.4 15.3 14.4 28.1 14.3 14.5 19.1 13.1 Service workers, including private household............................. 12,074 20.1 2,221 24.3 9,853 19.2 1 Includes farm workers not shown separately. NOTE: Due to rounding, totals. sums of individual items may not equal Table 17. Black workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) Industry of current job All industries.......................................................... Stone, clay, and g la ss........................................... Electrical equipment.............................................. Instruments ............................................................. Printing..................................................................... Petroleum................................................................ All employed wage and salary workers Represented by labor organization Not represented by labor organization Total Percent black Total Percent black 11.8 22,493 14.7 64,986 10.8 1,455 13.4 55 15.5 1,400 13.3 892 6.4 314 5.6 578 6.8 4,982 9.0 1,651 9.4 3,331 8.8 20,976 12,546 235 539 461 618 1,176 1,359 2,779 2^230 2,031 951 676 404 622 497 11.3 10.7 6.3 17.9 10.2 13.1 12.9 9.9 6.2 12.2 13.0 12.3 13.0 14.7 7.6 11.4 7,309 4,720 86 113 132 305 712 530 851 672 1,135 600 341 194 90 93 13.9 13.4 10.2 11.4 7.9 20.4 15.1 11.9 7.9 14.2 16.1 15.7 16.4 16.5 3.4 20.3 13,667 7,826 148 426 329 313 464 828 1,928 1,559 896 351 335 210 532 403 10.0 9.0 4.1 19.6 11.1 5.9 9.5 8.5 5.4 11.3 9.0 6.3 9.4 13.0 8.3 9.4 8,430 1,674 60 786 1,298 751 1,433 1,240 220 692 12.3 12.0 17.6 16.9 18.0 9.8 8.8 10.8 11.9 11.4 2,589 670 21 140 353 380 308 352 79 223 14.7 15.5 39.4 15.5 20.2 12.6 11.1 11.7 16.9 12.2 5,841 1,004 39 646 945 371 1,125 888 141 469 275 7.8 64 17.9 212 Total Percent black 87,480 Leather and not specified NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Industry of current job All employed wage and salary workers Total Percent black Represented by labor organization Total Percent black Not represented by labor organization Total Percent black Transportation, communication, and public utilities ............................................................. Railroads................................................................... Other transportation ................................................. Communication.......................................................... Other public utilities.................................................. 6,048 579 2,662 1,447 1,359 11.7 9.9 12.4 12.2 10.7 3,113 479 1,201 776 657 13.8 10.5 15.0 15.0 12.7 2,935 100 1,461 672 703 9.5 7.4 10.3 8.9 8.8 Trade............................................................................ W holesale................................................................. Retail ......................................................................... Eating and drinking places ................................... Other reta il............................................................. 17,401 3,419 13,981 4,031 9,950 8.8 8.4 9.0 11.1 8.1 1,896 432 1,465 212 1,252 13.8 18.1 12.6 15.2 12.1 15,504 2,988 12,517 3,818 8,698 8.2 6.9 8.5 10.8 7.5 Finance, insurance, and real estate........................... Banking and other finance ...................................... Insurance and real estate........................................ 5,152 2,356 2,796 9.1 9.7 8.6 250 67 183 20.5 24.2 19.2 4,902 2,289 2,613 8.5 9.2 7.9 Services ....................................................................... Private household service ....................................... Miscellaneous services ............................................ Business and repair.................................................. Personal services, except private household................................................................ Entertainment and recreation.................................. Professional services ............................................... Medical, except hospitals...................................... Hospitals................................................................. Welfare and religious............................................. Educational ............................................................ Other professional services.................................. 25,123 1,214 23,909 2,902 14.8 32.9 13.9 10.6 5,719 9 5,710 332 17.8 24.2 17.8 17.0 19,404 1,205 18,199 2,570 14.0 32.9 12.7 9.8 1,653 902 18,451 2,834 3,901 1,541 8,062 2,114 18.9 8.3 14.3 13.2 20.1 18.2 13.3 5.9 238 140 5,000 336 841 246 3,421 156 27.9 7.4 17.6 26.0 34.9 30.4 12.0 9.8 1,415 762 13,452 2,498 3,059 1,295 4,641 1,958 17.4 8.5 13.0 11.5 16.0 15.8 14.2 5.6 87 7.5 14 8.9 73 7.2 5,364 1,795 691 972 1,906 15.1 18.9 21.0 10.0 11.9 2,172 488 570 309 805 16.6 24.0 21.5 9.8 11.4 3,192 1,307 122 662 1,100 14.0 17.1 18.5 10.1 12.3 11.3 9.6 5.9 17.2 17.2 6.9 8.1 10.5 Forestry and fisheries................................................. 9.0 11.1 ' Public administration ................................................... Federal, except postal ............................................. 4.7 Postal......................................................................... S ta te .......................................................................... L ocal.......................................................................... Table 18. Hispanic workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by occupation and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All employed wage and salary workers Represented by labor organization Not represented by labor organization Occupation of current job Total Percent Hispanic Total Percent Hispanic Total Percent Hispanic All occupations' .................................................................... 87,480 5.4 22,493 6.1 64,986 5.1 White-collar occupations.............................................................. Professional, technical, and kindred workers........................... Managers and administrators, except fa rm .............................. Clerical and kindred workers.................................................... Sales workers............................................................................ 45,955 14,436 8,953 17,507 5,059 3.3 2.6 2.3 4.5 3.0 8,483 3,997 868 3,365 253 4.3 3.1 2.7 5.9 5.9 37,472 10,439 8,086 14,142 4,805 3.1 2.4 2.2 4.2 2.8 Blue-collar workers...................................................................... Craft and kindred workers ........................................................ Carpenters............................................................................... Construction craft workers, except carpenters ..................... Mechanics and repairers........................................................ O th e r....................................................................................... Operatives and kindred workers............................................... Operatives, except transport .................................................. Drivers and delivery workers .................................... ............. Other transport equipment operatives.................................... Nonfarm laborers ...................................................................... Construction............................................................................ Manufacturing ......................................................................... All other nonfarm laborers..................................................... 28,414 11,083 836 2,212 4,234 3,802 13,208 9,982 2,719 507 4,123 771 836 2,516 7.7 5.4 6.4 6.2 5.0 5.1 9.5 10.7 6.1 4.1 8.3 10.8 9.2 7.3 11,763 4,571 284 1,116 1,815 1,357 5,743 4,229 1,168 346 1,448 265 436 747 7.0 5.2 3.9 4.8 5.1 5.9 8.1 9.2 4.9 4.9 8.4 12.0 6.1 8.4 16,651 6,512 552 1,096 2,419 2,445 7,465 5,753 1,551 161 2,674 506 400 1,768 8.3 5.5 7.6 7.7 4.9 4.7 10.6 11.9 7.0 2.4 8.3 10.2 12.6 6.8 Service workers, including private household............................. 12,074 6.2 2,221 7.4 9,853 5.9 1 Includes farm workers not shown separately. NOTE: Due to rounding, totals. sums of individual items may not equal Table 19. Hispanic workers as a percent of employed wage and salary workers by industry and labor organization representation, May 1980 (Numbers in thousands) All employed wage and salary workers Represented by labor organization Not represented by labor organization Stone, clay, and gla ss............................................ Electrical equipment ............................................... Instruments ............................................................. Printing..................................................................... Petroleum................................................................ Total Percent Hispa nic Total Percent Hispa nic 5.4 22,493 6.1 64,986 5.1 1,455 17.0 55 22.8 1,400 16.7 892 6.6 314 5.4 578 7.2 4,982 6.4 1,651 6.0 3,331 6.5 20 976 12 546 235 539 461 618 1,176 1,359 2,779 2^230 2 031 951 676 404 622 497 6.6 6.1 7.2 6.3 11.6 6.9 4.8 6.9 3.9 6.6 49 3.2 6.5 62 8.5 12.0 7,309 4^720 86 113 132 305 712 530 851 672 1,135 600 341 194 90 93 7.2 6.0 9.5 11.6 19.9 7.2 5.6 6.4 2.6 6.0 4.1 2.8 5.9 4.8 9.8 21.5 13,667 7,826 148 426 329 313 464 828 1,928 1,559 896 351 335 210 532 403 6.3 6.2 5.8 4.9 8.3 6.5 3.6 7.2 4.4 6.9 6.0 3.9 7.2 7.5 8.3 9.8 8 430 T674 60 786 1,298 751 1,433 1,240 220 692 7.4 9.8 3.0 6.7 14.8 3.1 3.6 5.5 1.3 72 2,589 670 21 140 353 380 308 352 79 223 9.3 14.1 (1) 22.6 14.5 3.9 3.6 7.1 5.0 5,841 1,004 39 646 945 371 1,125 888 141 469 6.5 7.0 4.6 3.2 14.8 2.3 3.6 4.8 2.0 8.2 275 53 64 2.8 212 6.0 Total Percent Hispa nic 87,480 O Leather and not specified 1 Base less than 75,000. Represented by labor organization Not represented by labor organization Industry of current job Industry of current job All industries.......................................................... All employed wage and salary workers Total Percent Hispa nic Total Percent Hispa nic Total 6 Percent Hispa nic Transportation, communication, and public utilities ............................................................. Railroads................................................................... Other transportation ................................................. Communication......................................................... Other public utilities .................................................. 6,048 579 2,662 1,447 1,359 4.0 4.6 4.1 3.4 4.0 3,113 479 1,201 776 657 4.7 5.6 4.5 5.0 4.2 2,935 100 1,461 672 703 T rade........................................................................... W holesale................................................................. Retail ......................................................................... Eating and drinking places ................................... Other re ta il............................................................. 17,401 3,419 13,981 4,031 9,950 4.8 4.1 5.0 6.2 4.6 1,896 432 1,465 212 1,252 7.8 8.0 7.7 19.3 5.7 15,504 2,988 12,517 3,818 8,698 4.5 3.5 4.7 5.4 4.4 Finance, insurance, and real estate........................... Banking and other finance ...................................... Insurance and real estate........................................ 5,152 2,356 2,796 4.1 4.2 4.0 250 67 183 9.8 10.0 9.7 4,902 2,289 2,613 3.8 4.1 3.6 Services ....................................................................... Private household service ....................................... Miscellaneous services............................................ Business and repair.................................................. Personal services, except private household................................................................ Entertainment and recreation.................................. Professional services ............................................... Medical, except hospitals...................................... Hospitals................................................................. Welfare and religious ............................................. Educational ............................................................ Other professional services.................................. 25,123 1,214 23,909 2,902 4.6 8.4 4.4 6.1 5,719 9 5,710 332 5.3 5.4 12.7 19,404 1,205 18,199 2,570 4.4 8.5 4.1 5.3 1,653 902 18,451 2,834 3,901 1,541 8,062 2,114 8.0 5.9 3.7 3.1 3.9 3.4 4.0 3.6 238 140 5,000 336 841 246 3,421 156 17.9 8.2 4.2 5.2 5.2 4.6 3.8 5.2 1,415 762 13,452 2,498 3,059 1,295 4,641 1,958 6.4 5.5 3.6 2.9 3.5 3.1 4.1 3.5 Forestry and fisheries ................................................. 87 7.5 14 1.8 73 8.5 Public administration .................................................. Federal, except postal ............................................. Postal......................................................................... State ......................................................................... Local......................................................................... 5,364 1,795 691 972 1,906 4.2 4.6 4.1 3.2 4.3 2,172 488 570 309 805 4.0 3.5 4.9 3.2 3.9 3,192 1,307 122 662 1,100 4.3 5.0 .5 3.2 4.5 NOTE: Due to rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. O 3.2 O 3.9 1.5 3.8 Appendix: Survey Methods and Limitations off Data Current Population Survey methods Reliability ©ff the estimates The May 1980 Current Population Survey asked two questions relating to participation in labor organizations. One question related to actual membership in a union or employee association; the other question, asked only if the first were answered in the negative, related to coverage of the worker by a union or employee asso ciation contract. An employed wage or salary worker who identified himself or herself as either a member of a union or employee association, or as being covered by a contract such an organization had with the em ployer, was so classified. Only the worker’s present job was considered. Estimates were derived from a sample survey con ducted by trained interviewers who collected informa tion from about 65,000 households in 629 areas through out the United States. Retirees, unemployed union mem bers, and persons in the Armed Forces were excluded. Since the estimates are based on a sample, they may differ somewhat from the figures that would have been obtained if a complete census had been taken using the same schedules and procedures. As in any survey, the results are subject to errors of response and reporting as well as to sampling variability. The standard error is primarily a measure of sampling variability; that is, the variations that occur by chance because a sample rather than the whole of the popula tion is surveyed. As calculated for this bulletin, the standard error also partially measures the effect of re sponse and enumeration errors, but does not measure any systematic biases in the data. The chances are about 2 out of 3 that an estimate from the sample would dif fer from a complete census by less than the standard error. The chances are about 19 out of 20 that the dif ferences would be less than twice the standard error. The following A and B characteristics are to be used in the standard statistical formulas for determining standard errors for data reported in this bulletin: For earnings data, A = -0.0000671 and B = 8592; for all other data, use the characteristics in table A-l. Comparability In 1979, the CPS survey design was modified to col lect earnings data on a monthly basis rather than once a year. Earnings data reported in this bulletin, collected in May 1980, are comparable to the 1977 earnings data reported in BLS Report 556. The parameters in table A-l should be used in calculating standard errors for all data (including earnings) reported in Report 556. The figures on labor organization membership pre sented in this bulletin are not comparable with data from other sources due to differences in concepts, clas sification, and coverage. Membership figures published in the Bureau’s biennial Directory of National Unions and Employee Associations in the United States were based on responses to a questionnaire mailed directly to all unions affiliated with the AFL-CIO, to unaffiliated unions that engage in collective bargaining with different employers in more than one State, and to as sociations that engage in collective bargaining. In 1978, the reported U.S. membership based on the Directory survey was 22.7 million. The membership figure deri ved from the CPS May 1980 survey was 20.1 million. The membership reports of labor unions sometimes in clude in their totals persons who were excluded from the CPS survey.' Limitations ©f earning data It has long been recognized that, compared to the collection of earnings data from payroll records, the Table A-1. A and B characteristics for calculating approximate standard errors of numbers and percentages 69 Type of characteristic A B Both sexes: Total or white .................... Black and other.................. -0.0000177 -.0001474 2,267 2,267 Male only: T o ta l.................................. White.................................. Black and other -.0000375 -.0000423 - 0003271 2,267 2,267 2,267 Female only: Total or white .................... Black and other.................. -.0000166 -.0001327 1,776 1,776 collection of the same information through a household sample survey involves the loss of a certain amount of accuracy in exchange for a gain in specific information on the demographic characteristics of wage earners. For example, experience demonstrates that in a house hold survey, the nonresponse rates are higher for ques tions about earnings than for other questions. Over the years since 1967, the nonresponse rate on weekly earn ings has ranged from about 16 percent to 20 percent. Whether the nonresponse problem produces an upward or downward bias (or no bias at all) on the earnings averages derived from the survey depends on how the nonresponsive households are distributed among the sample population. If, for example, nonresponses on earnings tend to be concentrated among households with high earnings levels, then the earnings levels re ported in the survey would be biased downward. If, however, the nonresponses are distributed randomly, no bias would exist. (For a more complete discussion of the merits and limitations of earnings data obtained from the May CPS, see Technical Description of the Quarterly Data on Weekly Earnings from the Current Population Survey (Report 601, Bureau of Labor Statis tics, July 1980.) 70 * U. S. G O V ER N M EN T P R IN T IN G O F F IC E : 1981 341-270/4925 Bureau ©f la te r Statistics Regional Offices Region 0 Region 0V 1371 Peachtree Street, N.E. Atlanta, Ga. 30309 Phone: (404) 881-4418 Regions ¥S0 and W8SS 911 Walnut Street Kansas City, Mo. 64106 Phone: (816) 374-2481 Region fill Suite 3400 1515 Broadway New York, N.Y. 10036 Phone: (212) 944-3121 Region V 9th Floor Federal Office Building 230 S. Dearborn Street Chicago, III. 60604 Phone: (312) 353-1880 Regions SX and X 450 Golden Gate Avenue Box 36017 San Francisco, Calif. 94102 Phone: (415) 556-4678 Region lil 3535 Market Street P.O. 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