Full text of CPI Detailed Report : December 1977
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CPI Detailed Report
For December 1977
Consumer Price Index: U.S. City Average and Selected Areas
Contents
Page
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
Ray Marshall, Secretary
Price movements
1
Announcement to users of the Consumer Price Index
8
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Julius Shiskin, Commissioner
Chart 1. All items index and rates of change, 1967-77
Chart 2. Commodities less food index and rates of change,
1967-77
Chart 3. Total food index and rates of change, 1967-77
Chart 4. Services index and rates of change, 1967-77
OFFICE OF PRICES AND LIVING CONDITIONS
W. John Layng, Assistant Commissioner
The CPI Detailed Report is a monthly
report on consumer price movements
including statistical tables and
technical notes.
This publication may be ordered from
the Superintendent of Documents,
U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, D.C. 20402.
Subscription price per year:
$9.00, domestic
$11.00, foreign
$.75, single copy
Material in this publication is in the public
domain and may be reproduced without
permission of the Federal Government.
Please credit the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Library of Congress
Catalog number 74-647019
February 1977
Table 1. CPI—U.S. city average, by commodity and service
group and expenditure class
Table 1-A. CPI—U.S. 1977 annual average, by commodity
and service group and expenditure class
Table 2. CPI—seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by commodity
and service group and expenditure class
Table 3. CPI—food items, U.S. city average
Table 3-A. CPI—food items, U.S. 1977 annual average
Table 4. CPI—nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city
average
Table 4-A. CPI—nonfood commodities and services, U.S.
1977 annual average
Table 5. CPI—selected areas, all items index
Table 6. CPI—areas priced monthly, by expenditure class,
percent change from November 1977 to December 1977
Table 7. CPI—selected areas, by expenditure class
Table 7-A. CPI—selected areas, 1977 annual average,
by expenditure class
Table 8. CPI—food groups, selected areas
Table 9. CPI—gasoline indexes, U.S. city average and selected
areas
Table 10. CPI—gasoline average prices, U.S. city average and
selected areas
Table 11. CPI—by population size
Table 11-A. CPI—by population size, 1977 annual average
Table 12. CPI—by region
Table 12-A. CPI—by region, 1977 annual average
Appendix: Technical notes
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
21
23
27
31
31
32
34
36
37
37
38
39
40
41
43
NOTE: Effective with release of the CPI for January 1978, on February 27, the Bureau of Labor
Statistics will introduce a new CPI for All Urban Consumers and an updated version of the current CPI
for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers. See p. 8 for further details. Publication of the CPI
Detailed Report for January may be delayed because of the substantial increase in the size of the
publication.
Price Movements
December 1977
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 0.4 percent in
December before seasonal adjustment to 186.1 percent of
its 1967 base. The December CPI was 6.8 percent higher
than in December 1976.
Seasonally adjusted changes
On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI rose 0.4 percent
in December. This compares with increases of 0.5 percent
in November and 0.3 percent in August, September, and
October. Food prices increased 0.2 percent in December,
less than the 0.6 percent rise in November and about the
same as increases during the late summer and early fall
months. Prices of other commodities rose 0.5 percent in
December, the same as in November and more than the
average monthly increase of 0.2 percent in the June through
October period. Charges for services also rose 0.5 percent
in December, the fifth consecutive month of moderate
increase (Table A).
The index for food purchased in grocery stores increased
0.1 percent in December, compared with 0,7 percent in
November. In December, egg prices declined 12.8 percent,
poultry prices turned down, and prices for dairy products,
fats and oil products, and coffee continued to move down.
Fresh vegetable prices, however, turned up in December and
prices of processed fruits and vegetables increased more
than in recent months. Beef prices rose for the fourth
consecutive month. Prices for pork and cereal and bakery
products also increased. The index for food away from
home—restaurant meals and snacks—increased 0.4 percent in December, slightly more than in recent months.
The index for commodities other than food rose 0.5
percent in December. Almost one-third of this increase
Table A. Percent changes in CPI and components, selected periods
Changes in all items
Changes from preceding month
Month
Food
AH items
Unadjusted
Commodities
less food
Seasonally Unadadjusted justed
Seasonally Unadadjusted justed
1976:
December.
0.3
0.4
0.3
0.1
1977:
January...
February. .
March
April
May
June
July
August . . .
September.
October...
November.
December.
.6
1.0
.6
.8
.6
.7
.4
.4
.4
.3
.5
.4
.8
1.0
.6
.8
.6
.6
.4
.3
.3
.3
.5
.4
.9
2.3
.9
2.0
.6
1.5
.7
.8
.1
.3
.1
.1
.6
.2
.5
1.2
.4
1.0
.5
.3
-.4
-.1
.6
.4
0.2
.6
.6
.6
.7
.4
.1
.2
.4
.4
.4
.2
Services
Seasonally Unadadjusted justed
Seasonally
adjusted
Compound
annual rate
from
3 months
ago
From
12 months
ago
Seasonally
adjusted
Unadjusted
0.6
0.4
0.4
4.2
.7
.7
.4
.4
.4
.2
.1
.3
.2
.3
.5
.5
.9
.7
.7
.6
.5
.8
.8
.5
.7
.4
.5
.5
.8
.7
.8
.8
.6
.8
.8
.5
.5
.4
.4
.5
6.1
9.1
10.0
9.9
8.4
8.1
6.4
5.2
4.2
3.8
4.4
4.6
4.8
5.2
6.0
6.4
6.8
6.7
6.9
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.7
6.8
was due to higher prices for new cars and household
durables such as furniture and floor coverings. The index
for household durables rose 0.7 percent in December, compared with an average monthly increase of 0.3 percent in
the first 11 months of 1977. The new car index rose 1.5
percent in December, the same as in November. Prices of
1978 model cars continued to be phased into the CPI.
After seasonal adjustment, the used car index rose 0.3
percent in December, following an increase of 0.1 percent
in November and sharp declines from April through October.
Prices for apparel and gasoline also rose in December, but
less than in November. Fuel oil and tobacco prices declined 0.1 percent.
Among major categories in the service component, the
index for medical care services rose 0.7 percent in December
after seasonal adjustment. This was more than the 0.5
percent rise in November and about the same as most
monthly increases in the second half of 1977. Hospital
service charges increased more in December than in recent
months. The annual adjustment, made this month, to the
health insurance component for retained earnings showed
a decline. Continuing the moderate uptrend of recent
months, indexes for transportation and household services
other than rent rose 0.4 percent in December. In the latter
category, charges for gas and electricity declined for the
second consecutive month—0.7 percent in December and
Table B. Changes in the Consumer and Wholesale (Producer) Price Indexes, 1975-77 *
Index
December 1975
to
December 1976
December 1976
to
December 1977
4.8
.6
5.1
7.3
6.8
8.0
4.9
7.9
3.9
-5.4
6.1
Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted, for 3 months ended-—
1976
1977
March
June
September
December
4.2
0
5.7
5.1
10.0
14.6
7.4
9.8
8.1
12.7
4.2
9.4
4.2
1.7
2.7
7.4
4.6
3.7
5.2
4.9
6.5
4.6
8.3
7.1
4.6
5.3
5.7
6.5
10.9
5.3
6.9
10.9
4.7
4.0
13.1
7.3
9.4
7.7
4.1
9.7
9.8
2.8
6.6
6.7
5.0
5.8
4.4
-0.5
-13.9
6.3
13.2
0.7
-13.6
7.2
8.4
8.8
12.7
8.4
13.8
1.8
-7.5
7.7
9.2
6.6
4.8
3.7
6.5
6.9
7.5
6.4
5.3
6.9
4.9
6.4
6.1
7.2
3.1
7.3
3.6
4.3
7.7
4.7
5.2
9.2
8.7
5.5
6.5
6.1
5.0
5.8
4.4
11.4
6.2
5.8
6.9
5.3
6.5
6.6
9.6
4.7
3.6
5.8
-7.2
5.9
-4.3
15.5
-27.4
-8.0
25.2
28.7
-33.7
17.6
6.4
6.3
6.0
3.5
8.3
7.5
8.0
4.5
7.5
5.2
3.3
-3.9
15.7
3.7
1.3
6.9
-4.3
-12.0
22.3
21.0
24.2
-13.7
-25.0
12.6
6.7
22.8
26.5
26.8
26.3
-10.3
-12.1
-8.2
-19.4
-27.3
-6.9
26.2
30.3
20.5
June
September
December
4.0
10.6
6.1
6.2
5.6
6.5
5.3
1.6
5.5
7.5
6.4
8.0
5.8
5.3
6.9
6.9
4.7
7.9
7.2
5.5
10.6
-5.9
3.3
-2.5
6.6
6.6
5.5
March
CONSUMER PRICE INDEX
All items
Food
Commodities less food
Services
All items less food and energy
items 2
Commodities less food and
energy items
Services less energy
Energy
WHOLESALE (PRODUCER)
PRICE INDEX
By stage of Processing
Finished goods
Consumer foods
Finished goods excluding foods
foods
Consumer finished goods
excluding foods
Producer finished goods
Intermediate materials, supplies,
and components
Intermediate materials for food
manufacturing
Intermediate materials excluding
foods and feeds
Crude materials for further
processing
Crude foodstuffs and feedstuffs .
Crude nonfood materials
9.4
Data for January-June 1977 at the manufacturing level
(WPI) have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports
and corrections by respondents. For this reason, some figures in
this issue may differ from those previously reported.
6.2
Energy items in the CPI include gasoline, motor oil, fuel
oil, coal, natural gas, and electricity,
Does not include manufactured animal feeds,
0.4 percent in November. The rent index also increased
0.4 percent in December, compared with 0.7 percent in
November.
Monthly changes in detail (not seasonally adjusted)
The index for food purchased in grocery stores increased
0.4 percent in December before seasonal adjustment. Prices
rose for beef, fresh vegetables, frozen orange juice, sugar,
chocolate bars, and cereal and bakery products. These increases were partially offset by lower prices for pork,
poultry, eggs, margarine, and coffee. The index for food
away from home also rose 0.4 percent in December.
The index for commodities other than food rose 0.2
percent before seasonal adjustment. There were large increases for new cars, textile housefurnishings, and reading
materials. Prices also rose for fuel oil, housekeeping supplies,
houses, and most household durable goods. On the other
hand, prices declined for apparel, used cars, tires, and
recreational goods.
The services index increased 0.5 percent before seasonal
adjustment in December. The rent index rose 0.6 percent,
and the indexes for household services other than rent,
transportation services, and medical care services all increased 0.5 percent in December.
Annual changes
For the 12 months ended in December 1977, the CPI
rose 6,8 percent compared with increases of 4.8 percent in
1976 and 7.0 percent in 1975. The acceleration in 1977
was due primarily to changes in food prices, particularly
in the first half of the year. The food index rose 8.0 percent
in 1977 following an increase of 0.7 percent in 1976. The
index for commodities other than food rose 4.9 percent
for the 12 months ended in December 1977 and the services
index rose 7.9 percent—both about the same as in 1976
(Table B).
Table C. Changes in food prices, 1975-77
Commodity
Consumer foods *
Beef and veal
Pork
Poultry
Cereal and bakery
products
Dairy products
Fresh fruits and
vegetables
Processed fruits
and vegetables
Eggs
Sugar and sweets
Coffee, ground *
Fats and oil
products
Index
Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted except as noted,
for 3 months ended—
1976
1977
March
June
Septem
ber
December
March
June
-5.4
-13.9
-28.0
-62.1
-18.4
-15.9
-19.4
-28.1
6.2
13.2
5.7
-1.9
12.1
37.2
7.7
10.6
1.6
-13.6
-18.1
-9.3
-33.9
-61.9
-34.1
-40.9
0
8.4
14.1
57.7
-34.6
19.7
-8.7
3.1
14.6
12.7
-8.1
-34.1
36.1
-2.9
56.7
35.2
12.7
13.8
11.5
-1.9
17.6
43.7
-1.7
38.6
1.7
-7.5
-10.5
22.5
-10.5
-43.2
-13.9
-31.1
3.7
9.2
30.2
-9.5
-9.5
-8.9
9.5
8.3
9.2
15.0
28.0
Q
6.3
-2.2
1.3
14.5
-6.4
2.1
Septem-
December
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CP!
WPI
CPI
WPI
-14.7
-20.4
-14.9
-14.5
-15.8
8.0
6.6
4.5
7.9
9.7
8.7
6.7
7.0
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
-1.6
-3.4
3.6
-2.3
5.4
7.9
3.2
6.5
-5.0
2.3
5.5
-10.8
7.6
7.3
7.2
11.6
1.5
-12.7
11.6
2.1
-10.6
2.7
9.7
-.7
1.0
CPI
WPI
5.7
-8.3
9.7
-2.5
-14.0
-26.8
-14.1
-58.2
34.8
156.3
25.6
-10.2
63.9
107.1
-33.7
-69.7
1.5
87.9
31.1
-23.4
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
-3.0
4.2
9.9
9.8
-2.8
-.5
.7
-28.2
-6.5
18.7
12.8
211.6
-4.5
3.1
38.2
122.3
10.7
-9.2
77.0
132.5
.9
7.3
-3.8
-20.3
-6.6
-50.3
80.0
45.5
-5.6
6.9
7.3
22.8
5.2
26.6
9.8
6.5
6.5
-7.6
10.8
5.6
-35.1
17.2
5.5
-35.8
-16.8
-21.4
0
72.9
108.3
23.9
26.8
39.4
.9
57.9
80.2
10.7
-23.1
-22.1
13.5
5.0
47.8
27.8
151.0
244.1
196.6
55.6
-4.6
-3.1
10.6
10.7
-21.5
-24.5
-10.1
6.4
1.7
2.8
15.3
6.8
7.9
27.0
34.8
85.5
CPI *
WPI
Not seasonally adjusted
Includes items not listed.
DecemDecember 1975 ber 1976
to
to
Decem
ber 1976 ber1977
0.6
-2.5
-8.0
11.1
-6.5
-14.4
Sugar and confectionery in WPI.
Vegetable oil and products in WPI.
71.3
1.3
75.7
3.5
1.5
-46.9
-29.4
-19.1
-5.6
3.0
-22.4
-35.1
11.6
-37.4
-18.4
1.8
-15.8
1.9
-7.8
-17.4
Food. After declining in 1976, prices of nearly all types
of food rose in 1977. Much of the increase occurred during
the first half of the year when food supplies were reduced
by the unusually cold weather and coffee prices advanced
sharply as they continued to reflect the 1975 damage to
the Brazilian crop. During the summer and fall, however,
food prices at the processors' level declined and prices
nearly stabilized at the retail level as supplies of most foods
became plentiful and coffee prices turned down because of
reduced consumption. Late in the year, prices at the
processors' level turned up again and increases at the retail
level became larger. The upward movement reflected higher
prices at the farm level primarily because export demand
for grains strengthened and meat supplies decreased (Table
C).
As in 1976, coffee prices recorded the sharpest advance
of major food items in the CPI. The rise of 47.8 percent for
1977 accounted for nearly one-fourth of the rise in the
CPI food index. At the processors' level, coffee prices rose
27.8 percent, one-third as much as in 1976. After increasing during 1976, the rise in coffee prices accelerated
sharply early in 1977. High prices, however, led to a sharp
cutback in coffee consumption and prices for green coffee
began to move down in the second quarter. Consequently,
roasters reduced their prices and retail prices turned down
after midyear.
Retail prices for pork, poultry, and beef turned up in
1977 after declining sharply in 1976. Pork prices advanced
rapidly in the first two quarters of 1977 as the cold winter
and disease caused heavy losses among pigs and young
hogs. Except for increases late in the year (because of
reduced farrowings last spring when the weather was cold),
hog and pork prices fell during the second half of the year.
Following sharp advances early in the year, poultry prices
moved down during the rest t)f the year.
Most of the rise in cattle and beef prices, however,
occurred late in the year; the downward trend earlier reflected heavy marketings of both grain-fed and grass-fed
cattle. Reduced forage supplies, caused by the severe
winter and by drought conditions and below-normal
hay crop during the summer, had contributed to a high
level of cow slaughter. Fed beef supplies were large during
most of the year as cattle liquidation continued for the third
year. The consequent short supplies of heavy-finished cattle
caused much of the rise in cattle and beef prices in the late
fall and led to the marketing of lighter-weight cattle with a
minimum amount of finish. Beef production, therefore,
was down.
Prices of sugar and sweets turned up in 1977 at both
the retail and manufacturers' levels, with a 13.5-percent
advance in the CPI and a 5.0 percent rise in the
primary market. These increases contrasted with the sharp
price reductions recorded during the previous 2 years,
when buyers reacted against the sugar price surge of 1974.
The turnaround in 1977 was due in part to a new price
stabilization program accepted by major sugar-producing
and sugar-consuming nations. Increases in tariffs and fees
on imported sugar also raised prices on sugar-related
products.
Cereal and bakery products also recorded higher prices
during 1977 after declining in 1976. Strong export demand
for rice coupled with a smaller domestic crop caused rice
prices to climb in 1977. Bread prices were fairly stable
over the year while flour prices declined because of the
drop in wheat prices.
Weather was a key factor for the increase in retail
prices for fresh fruits and vegetables in 1977. The Florida
freeze early in the year combined with poor growing
conditions in Texas caused prices in the first quarter to
rise substantially. Supplies of most vegetables were ample
during the rest of the year despite the prolonged drought
in California, the leading vegetable-producing State. Largely
because of the freeze, Florida orange crops were down 23
percent from the 1976 record crop and the pack of frozen
concentrated orange juice was substantially below the previous year. The small supply and strong demand resulted in
a price rise of 46.9 percent for orange concentrates. Orange
prices rose 27.7 percent and fresh orange juice prices 22.4
percent in 1977.
Retail prices for dairy products increased 3.2 percent
in 1977, about the same as in 1976. A substantial increase
in the support price for manufacturing grade milk in late
March accounted for much of the rise in prices of dairy
products. Reflecting large milk supplies and decreased
demand, prices of most dairy products moved down during
the second half of the year. Egg prices declined in 1977
after increasing in 1976. In the first half of 1977, unusual
weather and heavy culling of old layers affected egg
production. As the weather improved, output picked up
and expanded beyond the 1976 level by fall.
Among other products related to agriculture, the grains
index at the farm level was down 7.4 percent, compared
with decreases of 12.1 percent in 1976 and 25.5 percent
in 1975. Unusually cold, dry weather early in 1977 and
fears of curtailed grain output led to higher prices. However,
ample spring rainfall in most domestic producing areas
prompted expectations of record or near-record crops.
Prospects for grain harvests in the rest of the world were
also optimistic. As a result prices dropped dramatically
in the second and third quarters and the grains index stood
nearly one-third lower than the 1976 level. In the autumn,
prices rallied for American grain when production in the
Soviet Union and other nations fell below expectations.
Administration policies calling for a cutback in wheat
acreage in 1978, excessive rainfall that reduced some
harvests, and the dissatisfaction of many farmers with prevailing grain prices also contributed to increased prices at
year's end.
Consumer goods other than foods. Price increases for
consumer finished goods other than food accelerated early
in 1977. The first quarter rise at the retail level was the
sharpest since early 1975 and at the manufacturers' level
the fastest since the third quarter of 1975. Price increases
slowed during the spring and summer months but picked
up again in autumn. Although prices at both retail and
manufacturers' levels moved in the same direction, increases
were larger at the manufacturers' level throughout the year.
For the year ended in December 1977, therefore, prices at
the manufacturers' level rose 6.1 percent compared with
4.9 percent at retail. The magnitude of price change at the
two levels depends on prevailing demand-supply conditions
(table D).
Prices of some consumer goods such as new cars, gasoline,
fuel oil, and tobacco products increased more in 1977 than
in 1976 at both the retail and manufacturers' level. The
rise in the new car indexes reflected higher costs for steel
and labor, as well as relatively strong demand during most
of the year. Declines in the value of the dollar in world
money markets also contributed to the rise in prices of
imported cars.
During the first quarter of 1977, heating oil prices rose
sharply after members of the Organization of Petroleum
Exporting Countries (OPEC) increased crude oil postings
on January 1. Supply problems and increased demand
associated with the cold weather also contributed to the
rapid first quarter advance. Later in the year, heating oil
prices advanced at much slower rates as crude oil inventories and production of heating oil increased. In contrast,
gasoline price increases slowed during the first quarter and
accelerated during the second. Gasoline stocks were ample
early in the year, partly because adverse weather conditions
curtailed driving. In the second quarter, refiners continued
to pass through OPEC's January increases in crude oil prices.
Prices for gasoline weakened during the summer and early
fall as stocks increased, but rose again late in the year.
In 1977, prices for tobacco products rose 5.7 percent at
retail and 10.2 percent at the manufacturers'level. Most of
these increases occurred in the second half of the year,
mainly because of rising costs for leaf tobacco.
Retail prices of many consumer goods rose at relatively
moderate rates in 1977. A slowdown in demand from spring
through early fall, competition from imports, and excessive
inventories contributed to the moderate rise. Apparel and
furniture prices rose about the same as in 1976, and prices
for footwear and appliances both increased less than in
1976. After rising 7.8 percent in 1976, tire prices declined
0.6 percent, and used car prices declined 4.1 percent corn-
Table D. Changes in prices of consumer goods other than food, 1975-77
Commodity
Commodities less f o o d . . .
Nondurabies
Apparel less
footwear
Footwear
Gasoline3
Heating oil
Durables2
New cars
Furniture
Appliances;
including radio
and TV
1
Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted, for 3 months ended—
December 1975
to
December 1976
December 1976
to
December 1977
March
June
September
December
March
June
September
December
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
5.1
4.9
4.4
5.4
4.9
6.1
4.9
6.2
4.0
3.1
1.8
2.4
5.6
3.6
5.0
3.8
5.5
7.7
6.0
9.1
5.7
5.2
5.4
6.5
7.4
8.7
5.5
10.0
4.2
6.5
5.2
6.7
2.7
5.0
4.2
4.6
5.2
4.4
5.1
3.7
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
CPI
WPI
3.9
5.8
5.3
8.6
2.7
5.4
6.4
4.0
6.1
3.9
4.8
5.3
3.2
6.0
3.6
4.5
4.0
5.1
4.9
6.1
10.4
12.7
4.7
6.1
7.2
6.4
3.9
4.9
3.4
7.6
5.3
11.6
-13.6
-15.5
-1.9
-9.4
7.2
4.0
4.6
3.5
3.8
5.5
4.3
6.9
6.1
11.0
7.2
-2.4
7.7
-4.2
6.5
3.1
1.5
3.5
.5
6.5
6.2
3.8
6.6
8.3
10.2
21.6
11.2
17.8
5.0
5.1
6.4
7.9
1.3
6.1
1.9
4.9
3.5
4.5
9.5
23.0
8.7
14.1
6.0
3.3
6.9
5.7
7.6
5.8
4.4
10.2
5.3
6.0
2.6
3.4
28.1
25.4
10.5
7.0
4.1
4.2
2.9
4.9
4.6
2.8
4.4
5.1
4.2
6.7
10.9
9.4
2.5
6.3
4.0
7.2
4.2
7.2
2.1
2.5
2.1
4.1
2.2
-6.0
7.9
1.0
1.0
5.1
5.8
8.5
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.0
4.4
5.0
10.7
22.1
-3.4
6.9
5.2
6.1
15.2
5.6
5.4
4.5
CPI
WPI
3.2
1.3
2.1
1.1
5.8
2.7
4.7
3.7
1.6
1.0
1.0
-2.0
2.3
2.3
3.2
3.7
1.9
-.3
1.0
-1.3
Index
Data for January-June 1977 at the manufacturing level
(WPI) have been revised to reflect the availability of late reports
and corrections by respondents. For this reason, some figures in
this issue may differ from those previously reported.
1977
1976
Includes items not shown separately.
CPI includes motor oil.
CPI includes coat.
pared with an increase of 19 percent in 1976. Even though
prices increased more for most consumer goods at the
manufacturers' level than at the retail level, these increases
were smaller in 1977 than in 1976.
Among factors which contributed to the rise in prices of
finished goods at the manufacturers' level were increases in
labor costs as well as higher prices for fuels and other
materials. Unit labor costs in the nonfarm business sector
rose 6.5 percent from the third quarter of 1976 to the
third quarter of 1977; they had risen 5.9 percent in the
preceding year. The index for industrial materials at the
intermediate stage of processing—which includes commodities that have been processed but require further
processing before they are ready for the final user—rose
6.4 percent in 1977, about the same as in 1976.
Services. The services index rose 7.9 percent in 1977, about
the same as in 1976. Rent rose 6.5 percent and charges for
household services other than rent 8.8 percent in 1977,
both more than in 1976. The increase of 9.0 percent for
medical care services in 1977 was almost as large as in 1976
while the increase of 6.7 percent in transportation services
was less than in 1976 (table E).
Among household services, mortgage interest rates rose
slightly in 1977 after declining in 1976 and 1975. Early in
1977, rates fell because of high inflows and slack demand at
savings and loan institutions, consumer uneasiness over the
general economic outlook, high prices for new homes already constructed, and delays in home construction from
cold weather. However, as the number of housing starts
improved, saving inflows did not keep pace with the de-
mand for mortgage funds and rates rose sharply in June
and July. Through the later part of 1977, rates held nearly
steady as saving inflows declined and the demand for mortgage funds was weak in many metropolitan areas.
Property taxes rose 11 percent in 1977, three times as
much as in 1976. Many localities, faced with rising costs
for nearly all services provided, raised property taxes and
assessed housing units more frequently. Natural gas charges
rose 12.3 percent in 1977—slightly less than in 1976—but
still substantial. The sharpest increases occurred during the
first half year when the Federal Government restructured
the rate scheme on natural gas sold in interstate commerce
to induce producers to sell in other States, rather than
hold the gas in reserve or sell in the unregulated intrastate market. The rate of increase in gas prices slowed
during the second half of the year as the Congress continued
to work on the final aspects of the Administration's energy
bill. The electricity index increased 4.6 percent in 1977,
less than in 1976.
The rent index rose 6.5 percent in 1977, the largest
increase in the 1970's. To some extent, these increases
represented the pass-through of higher winter fuel costs,
rising property insurance and taxes, and attempts to earn
a larger return on investment. In addition, many localities
had enacted rent control restrictions early in the 1970's.
In 1977, many controls were modified to permit larger and
more frequent rental increases, despite pressures by renters
to maintain controls.
The slowdown in the transportation services sector was
primarily caused by smaller increases in 1977 for automobile
insurance rates. Through 1975 and 1976, insurance corn-
Table E. Changes in prices of consumer services, 1975-77
Service
Services
Rent
Household less rent l
Mortgage interest rates . . . .
Housekeeping and home
maintenance
Gas and electricity
Medical care
Transportation
Auto insurance
Public transportation
Other services
Personal care
Recreational
December 1975
to
December 1976
March
June
7.3
5.5
6.0
-4.8
7.9
6.5
8.8
1.9
10.6
6.1
8.9
7.3
6.5
5.4
6.5
-2.8
7.5
5.4
6.8
-6.0
8.9
12.5
10.7
10.8
22.4
4.6
6.4
8.4
5.0
6.7
8.7
9.0
6.7
7.5
4.3
6.2
7.3
3.5
13.9
7.3
13.0
20.3
55.0
9.1
7.7
10.4
5.7
8.2
12.4
8.2
7.0
8.8
5.2
5.4
6.7
5.9
8.5
12.9
8.9
10.3
18.6
4.2
6.9
10.5
4.5
Includes items not shown separately.
Compound annual rate, seasonally adjusted except as noted,
for 3 months ended—
December 1976
to
December 1977
1976
1977
September
December
September
December
March
June
5.1
5.3
2.0
-16.3
9.8
6.3
12.2
9.9
9.4
6.3
10.8
8.4
7.4
7.0
8.3
-1.1
4.9
6.3
4.1
-8.3
5.1
17.8
13.2
6.4
12.0
.2
5.8
6.2
4.1
7.2
10.7
9.4
8.2
11.5
9.1
6.7
5.8
4.6
8.2
12.1
10.0
11.1
13.3
8.9
5.8
7.7
2.8
6.6
13.2
8.6
5.4
8.2
-1.5
6.2
6.6
5.3
5.0
-0.7
7.8
2.3
-2.2
1.1
5.9
9.1
1.5
Not seasonally adjusted.
panies had been granted frequent and sizable rate increases
to cover higher accident claims resulting from higher
medical care costs, higher repair bills, and higher administrative expenses. In 1977, the financial status of some
insurance companies improved and they were able to reduce
insurance premiums through refunds and dividends. Auto
repair and maintenance charges increased 8 percent in
1977, slightly more than in 1976. In the public transportation sector, local transit fares rose less in 1977 than in
1976; bus and airplane fares were about the same; and
taxicab and railroad fares increased. Railroad rates were
increased substantially to help cover AMTRAK's large
losses.
During the first three quarters of 1977 charges for
medical care services rose at a relatively steady rate—about
9 percent at an annual rate—but moderated somewhat
in the fourth quarter. Hospital service charges rose 10.4
percent in 1977, slightly less than in 1976. Early in the year,
the Administration sought to limit the increase in hospital
revenue to 9 percent so as to restrict hospital costs and
expenditures. In addition, many hospitals increased costcontrol efforts by limiting new construction projects,
cutting equipment procurement, and adopting new, more
efficient administrative procedures. Physicians' fees rose
8.9 percent in 1977, also slightly less than in 1976.
Prices of other consumer services including apparel,
recreational, and personal care services increased at about
the same rate in 1977 as in 1976. Early in the year, an
amendment to the Fair Labor Standards Act had an
impact on prices in this sector as the minimum hourly
wage for some employees was increased from $2.00 to
$2.20. In addition, rising utilities charges and higher
material prices put cost pressures on many drycleaning
stores, beauty shops, and indoor recreational facilities.
Announcement to Users of the Consumer Price Index
The Bureau of Labor Statistics will begin publishing
the revised Consumer Price Index (CPI) with the release
of the January 1978 index, now scheduled for February
27. At that time the Bureau will publish three Consumer
Price Indexes: (1) A new CPI for All Urban Consumers;
(2) a revised CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical
Workers; and (3) the present unrevised CPI for Urban Wage
Earners and Clerical Workers. The present unrevised CPI
will be discontinued after the June 1978 index is published.
The new CPI and the revised CPI will continue into the
future.
The CPI for All Urban Consumers will include, in addition to wage earners and clerical workers, groups which
historically have been excluded from CPI coverage—
salaried workers, the self-employed, the retirees, and the
unemployed. This index will cover approximately 80 percent of the total noninstitutional civilian population of the
United States. The revised CPI for Urban Wage Earners and
Clerical Workers represents about one-half of the population covered by the CPI for All Urban Consumers.
(Neither index will include persons in the military services
or in institutions, or persons living outside urban areas
such as farm families.) Parties that use the CPI in escalation or in other contractual agreements may have a choice
of adapting their existing contracts to either the new CPI
for All Urban Consumers or to the revised CPI for Urban
Wage Earners and Clerical Workers.
BLS will publish the present unrevised CPI for 6 months
after the introduction of the new series so that those who
have difficulty making the transition quickly to the revised
CPI or to the new CPI will have some extra time. The unrevised index will not be available after publication of the
June 1978 index.
Both the revised CPI and the new CPI will be linked to
the present series. For the national index and for the five
areas for which indexes are published monthly, this will be
accomplished by linking each of the indexes to the unrevised CPI as of December 1977. The December 1977
index will be the same for the revised CPI, the new CPI,
and the unrevised CPI. Each index will move upward or
downward from that level in accordance with subsequent
changes in prices. Indexes for other areas will be linked in
accordance with the schedule shown in table B.
The base period for the revised and the new CPI will be
1967=100, the same as for the unrevised index.
Area indexes. The number of CPI's for local areas will
be expanded from the present level of 24 to 28. The four
additional indexes will cover Miami, Florida; Portland
Oregon; Scranton, Pennsylvania; and Denver, Colorado. The
U.S. index and those for the five largest cities will continue
to be published monthly. Indexes for all other areas will be
published bi-monthly instead of quarterly as at present.
(See schedule on p. 9.)
Regional indexes. Regional CPI's cross-classified by population size will be introduced. These indexes will enable
users in local areas for which an index is not published to
get a better approximation of the CPI for their area by
using the appropriate population-size class measure for
their region.
The ability to produce this information results from a
major expansion in the number of areas in which price data
are collected for the CPI—to 85 from 56 areas in the unrevised index. The sample for the unrevised index was based
on the 1960 Census of Population. The new 85-area design
is a probability sample of urban areas based on the 1970
Census of Population.
The cross-classified indexes, as well as indexes by regions
only and population-size only, will be published bi-monthly.
Source of data. Improvements were made in obtaining
the updated 1972-73 consumption weights for the CPI
through changes in sample design and collection methods.
Substantial improvements were also made in the method
of selecting retail stores in which price data are collected
for the CPI. The selection of retail stores was based, for
the most part, on the results of a household survey—
referred to as Point-of-Purchase Survey—in which families
across the country were asked for information on the store
names and location and the amount they spent in retail
stores for many different categories of goods and services.
Data provided from this household survey have been used
to develop a consistent, objective, and scientifically-based
sample of retail stores and service establishments for the
CPI.
In addition, a major change in the process of product
selection for pricing within stores was introduced. At
present, the data collector selects items which conform to
detailed specifications prepared by BLS, which are basically
the same for every store across the country. Under the new
procedure, the selection of each item is keyed to the sales
experience of the store in which it is priced. The collector
will work from a list of fairly general categories in selecting the item to be priced. The new procedure gives each
variety, brand, size, etc., chance of selection proportional
to its importance in total sales for the general category
in the particular store. Once selected, the same item will
continue to be priced. As a result, a considerably larger
range of goods and services will be priced, giving a better
representation of the varieties that exist in the market
place.
Timeliness of data. Food items in the CPI—now priced
in the first week of each month—will be priced during
the entire month for the new series. This change will put
the food component on the same basis as other components
of the CPI.
The collection of prices of other items will be spread
more evenly over the month and prices now obtained on a.
quarterly cycle will be shifted to a bi-monthly cycle.
Consequently, the CPI will be more representative of the
month as a whole, and price changes will be reflected more
quickly.
Presentation of data. The current CPI is discussed primarily in terms of food, other commodities, and services.
Starting with the January 1978 data, the emphasis in
the text will shift to the major categories of consump-
tion as viewed by most American families—for example,
housing, transportation, etc.—rather than nondurables
or durable goods. Within each household budget category, however, information will be provided separately
for commodities and services, a distinction which is often
important to economic analysis. The sample of the new
table 1 on pp. 10-11 shows the categories which will be
used as a basis for discussion of the CPI each month.
Publication schedule for area indexes: New Series CPI
Monthly
Chicago, III.—Northwestern Ind . . .
Detroit, Mich
L.A.—Long Beach, Anaheim, Calif .
N.Y., N.Y.-Northeastern NJ
Philadelphia, Pa.-NJ
Pivot month
First published index
December 1977
January 1978
November 1977
January 1978
January 1978
March 1978
January, March, May, July, September, November
Miami, Fla2
Milwaukee, Wis
Northeast Pa. (Scranton)
San Diego, Calif
Seattle-Everett, Wash
Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va .
Anchorage, Alaska . . .
Boston, Mass
Denver-Boulder, Colo.
Portland, Ore.-Wash .
Baltimore, Md
Cincinnati, Ohio—Ky.—Ind
St. Louis, Mo.—Ill
March 1978
May 1978
February, April, June, August, October, December
Atlanta, Ga
Honolulu, Hawaii
Kansas City, Mo.-Kan
San Francisco—Oakland, Calif
December 1977
February 1978
Buffalo, N.Y
Cleveland, Ohio
Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas
February 1978
April 1978
April 1978
June 1978
Houston, Texas
Minneapolis—St. Paul, Minn.—Wis
Pittsburgh, Pa
Pivot month: The month in which the indexes for the old
series and the new series are set at the same level; each index will
move upward or downward from that level in accordance with
subsequent changes in prices.
Miami base period—November 1977; no index in the old
series for Miami.
Anchorage base period—October 1967.
NOTE: Area indexes for the unrevised series—both for monthly
and quarterly areas—will be terminated with publication of the June
1978 index. The change from quarterly to bimonthly publication
schedules for local area indexes in the revised CPI may present
problems for some users of the CPI. The Bureau is prepared to provide, upon request, estimates of revised local area indexes for those
months covered under the previous quarterly publication schedule
but not under the new bimonthly schedule.
Table 1 . Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers: U.S. city average, by expenditure category and
commodity and service group
Group
Relative
importance
December
Unadjusted indexes
1967=100 unless
otherwise noted
Unadjusted
percent change to
from—
Expenditure category
All items
All items (1957-59=100)
Food and beverages
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products . . .
Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs. . .
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Sugar and sweets
Fats and oils
Nonalcoholic beverages
Other prepared foods
Food away from home
Alcoholic beverages
Housing'
Shelter
Rent, residential
Other rental costs
Homeownership
Home purchase
Financing, taxes, and insurance
Maintenance and repairs
Services
Commodities
Fuel and other utilities
Fuels
Fuel oil, coal, and bottled gas .
Gas (piped) and electricity . . . .
Other utilities and public services.
Household furnishings and operation
Housefurnishings'
Housekeeping supplies
Housekeeping services
Apparel and upkeep
Apparel commodities
Men's and boys' apparel
Women's and girls' apparel
Infants' and toddlers' apparel. . . .
Footwear
Other apparel commodities
Apparel services
Transportation
Private transportation
New cars
Used cars
Gasoline
Maintenance and repair
Other private transportation
Commodities
Services
Public transportation
Medical care
Medical care commodities
Medical care services
Professional services
Other medical care services
Entertainment
Entertainment commodities
Entertainment services
Other goods and services1
Tobacco products
Personal care
Toilet goods and personal care. . .
Appliances
Personal care services
Personal and educational expenses. .
School books and supplies
Personal and educational services.
See footnote at end of table.
10
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from
previous month
Table 1 . Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers: U.S. city average, by expenditure category and
commodity and service group—Continued
Group
Relative
importance
December
Unadjusted indexes
1967=100 unless
otherwise noted
Unadjusted
percent change to
from—
Seasonally adjusted
percent change from
previous month
Commodity and service group
All items
Commodities
Food and beverages
Commodities less food and beverages
Nondurabies less food and beverages
Apparel commodities
Nondu rabies less food, beverages, and
apparel
Durables
Services
Rent, residential
Household services less rent.
Transportation services
Medical care services
Other services
Special indexes:
All items less food
All items less mortgage interest costs . . .
Commodities less food
Nondurables less food
Nondurables less food and apparel
Nondurables
Services less rent
Services less medical care
Domestically produced farm foods
Selected beef cuts
Energy
All items less energy
All items less food and energy
Commodities less food and energy .
Energy commodities
Services less energy
Purchasing power of the consumer dollar:
1967=$1.00
1957-59=$1.00
Includes T.V. and sound equipment, formerly found in health
and recreation.
Formerly included alcoholic beverages, now found in food
and beverages; now includes personal care and education-related
expenses, formerly found in health and recreation.
11
Chart 1. All items index and its rate of change, 1967-77
SEMI200
(1967*100)
180
CPI PILL ITEMS INDEX
(NOT SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO)
160
140
120
100
PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 1-MONTH SPRN
(SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO)
PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 3-MONTM SPRN
(RNNURL RRTE. SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO)
RRITH.
SCRLE
8
PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 6-MONTH SPRN
[RNNURL RflTE. SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO)
PRITH.
SCflLE
8
PERCENT CHRNGE OVER 12-MONTH SPflN
1967
1/
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
Computed from the unadjusted series.
UNITED ST&TES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
12
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
Chart 2. Commodities less food index and its rate of change, 1967-77
SEMILOG
200
(1967=100)
180
CPI COMMODITIES LESS FOOD INDEX
tSERSONRLLY ROJUSTED)
160
140
120
100
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER L-MONTH SPRN
(SERSONflLLY RDJUSTEO)
PRITH.
SCflLE
1.4
—
1.2
DEC
1.0
0.5 —
— 0.8
— 0-6
— 0-4
— 0-2
— 0-0
— -0.2
— -0.4
— -0.6
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 3-I10NTH SPRN
(flNNURL ROTE, SERSONRLLY ROJUSTEO)
PRITH.
SCflLE
6
4
2
0
-2
DEC
3.9
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 6-MONTH SPRN
(RNNURL RflTE. SERSONRLLY RDJUSTED3
RRITH.
SCflLE
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 1Z-M0NTH SPflN 1 /
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1/ Qamputed from the unadjusted series.
UNITED STATES DEPAKIMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
13
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
flRITH.
SCflLE
—T 6
Chart 3. Total food index and its rate of change. 1967-77
(1967-100)
CPI TOTflL F000 INDEX
(SEflSONflLLY flOJUSTED)
PRITH.
SCALE
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 1-MONTH SPfl
(SEflSONflLLY flOJUSTEO
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 3-MONTH SPflN
(flNNUflL RflTE. SEflSONflLLY flDJUSTED)
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 6-MONTH SPflN
(flNNURL RflTE. SEflSONflLLY flOJUSTED)
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 12-MONTH SPflN/V
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1 / Computed from the unadjusted s e r i e s
UNITED STATES EEPAKM5NT OF IABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
14
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
Chart 4. Services index and its rate of change, 1967-77
(1967=100)
SEMILOG
200
180
CFI SERVICES INDEX
(SEflSONfiLLY ROJUSTEO)
160
140
120
flRITHSCflLE
100
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER( 1-MONTH SPfltN
'( SEflSONFILLY flDJUSTED)
flRITH.
SCflLE
12
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
0-7
0-6
0-5
0.4
0-3
0-2
0.1
0-0
0-1
PERCENT CHflNGE OVER 3-MONTH SPflN
(PINNUflL RRTE. SEflSONflLLY flOJUSTEOJ
10
8
6
4
2
0
RRITH.
SCRLE
10
PERCENT CHflNSE OVER 6-MONTH SPflN
(flNNUflL
SEflSONflLLY flOJUSTEOJ
flRITH.
SCflLE
8
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1/ Computed fran the unadjusted series
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
15
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
Table 1. CPI—U.S. city average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*100)
Relative
importance
Unadjusted
percent change to
Unadjusted indexes
Seasonally adjusted
percent change f r o m —
December 1977 fron
Group or class
December November
1976
1977
December December
1977
1976
November September to October to November to
1977
October November December
Commodity and service groups
All items
All items (1957-59=100)
Commodities
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other foods at home
Food away from home
Commodities less food
Nondurables less food
Apparel commodities
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
,
Other apparel commodities
Nondurables less food and apparel . . .
Gasoline and motor oil
Tobacco products
Alcoholic beverages
Fuel oil and coal
Other nondurables
,
Durable commodities
Household durables
New automobiles
Used automobiles
Other durables
Services
Rent
Services less rent
Household services less rent
Transportation services
Medical care services
Other services
Special indexes:
All items less food
Nondurable commodities
Apparel commodities less footwear
Services less medical care services
Insurance and finance
Utilities and public transportation
Housekeeping and home maintenance service
Appliances (including radio and TV)
100.000
All items
Food
Housing
Shelter1
Rent
Homeownership2
Fuel and utilities3
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation.
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Private
Public
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
Special indexes:
All items less shelter
All items less medical care
All items less mortgage interest costs
CPI—domestically produced farm foods 4 ..
CPI-selected beef cuts5
Purchasing power of consumer dollar:
All items less food and energy6
1967=$1.00
1957-59=$1.00
185.4
215.7
177.9
195.6
193.0
187. 1
181.9
176.5
188.7
230. 1
205.4
168. 1
170. 1
155.9
158.0
151.4
159.9
164.5
178.6
188.4
172.8
153.2
289.9
173.5
165.5
153.7
148.2
175.0
176. 1
199.5
157.0
207.2
220.4
192.0
223.0
175.3
186. 1
216.4
178.3
196.3
193.7
189.0
182. 1
176.9
192.5
228.6
206.2
168.4
170.3
155.3
157.8
150.4
159.6
164.6
179.3
188.7
173.0
153.2
291.9
174.7
165.9
154.2
150.5
170.7
177.2
200.5
157.9
208.2
221.4
192.9
224.2
176.0
6.8
0.4
0.3
0.5
0.4
6. 1
8.0
8.0
5.4
7.0
3.2
9.7
13. 1
8.0
4.9
4.9
3.6
4.7
2.4
4.0
4.9
5.7
4.9
5.7
3.0
10.4
6.2
4.7
4.0
7.2
-4. 1
7.3
7.9
6.5
8. 1
8.8
6.7
9.0
6.2
.2
.4
.4
1.0
.1
.2
2.0
-.7
.4
.2
.1
-.4
-. 1
-.7
-.2
.1
.4
.2
.1
0
.7
.7
.2
.3
1.6
-2.5
.6
.5
.6
.5
.5
.5
.5
.4
.2
.1
.1
-.2
.4
-.6
1.5
-1.0
.2
.3
.5
.2
-. 1
.3
.4
.6
.7
1.4
1.2
.2
0
.3
0
.3
.6
-2. 1
*. 3
.4
.4
.4
.3
.1
.7
.5
.5
.6
.7
.2
1.8
-.6
1.5
0
.3
.5
.4
.5
.8
.3
.3
.3
.4
.8
.3
.7
-.8
.3
.6
.3
1.5
.1
*.6
.4
.7
.3
.3
.2
.5
.6
.4
.2
.1
.3
1.0
-.5
2.3
2. 1
.4
.5
.4
.2
.3
182.5
182.4
155. 1
195.7
218.4
191.7
230.7
127. 1
183. 1
182.9
154.5
196.7
220. 1
191.9
231.3
127.3
6.3
6.5
3.6
7.7
9.8
6.8
6.7
2. 1
.3
.3
-.4
.5
.8
.1
.3
.2
*. 4
*. 2
.1
*.4
-.3
.6
*.5
*. 5
*. 6
.5
*.5
.4
.1
*. 4
-. 1
*. 3
*.3
.2
*.5
.6
-.3
*.3
.3
100.000
23.667
34.202
21.256
4.525
16.328
5.414
2.913
7.532
9. 194
13. 548
12.227
1.321
19.013
6.734
2.554
5. 143
4.582
185.4
195.6
194.6
196.9
157.0
211.5
207.4
219.5
180. 1
158.5
178.7
178.0
184. 7
177.9
208. 1
175.5
160.9
162.4
186. 1
196.3
195.7
198.2
157.9
213.0
207.6
218.9
181. 1
158.2
178.8
178.0
185.7
178.5
209.3
176.3
161.3
162.7
0.3
.1
*. 5
*. 5
.4
*. 4
.7
.9
!1
.1
.1
.1
*.6
*. 4
*. 6
.5
.6
0.5
.6
*. 5
*. 7
.7
*.7
-. 1
-.4
.3
.4
.2
.2
.3
*. 5
*.4
*. 9
.2
.4
0.4
.2
*. 6
*. 7
.4
*. 7
-.3
-.7
.7
.4
.6
.6
-. 1
*. 3
*. 6
*.5
.4
.2
78. 744
93.266
95.840
15.827
1.806
182.5
184. 1
183.0
180.9
166.8
183.0
184.7
183.6
181.8
169.0
6.3
6.6
6.6
5. 1
4.4
.3
.3
.3
.5
1.3
*. 3
*. 3
*.3
*-.3
1.9
*.4
*. 5
*. 5
*.9
2.7
*. 3
*. 3
*.3
*. 5
2. 1
179.9
$0,539
.464
180.6
$0,537
.462
6.4
-6.4
.4
-.4
.3
.4
.6
62.468
23.667
18.456
2.537
5.700
2.841
3.019
4.360
5.210
38.801
22.795
7.811
2.467
3.378
1.383
.582
14.984
3.426
1.873
2.217
1.060
6.408
16.006
4.444
1.909
2.323
7.329
37.532
4.525
33.007
16.208
5.295
5.958
5.547
76.333
46.462
6.428
31.575
9.864
5.675
4.830
1.395
68.934
Expenditure classes
6.8
0.4
8.0
.4
7.8
.6
8.7
.7
6.5
.6
9.2
.7
8. 1
.1
8.7
-.3
5. 1
.6
4.2
-.2
4.3
.1
4.3
0
4.3
.5
6.3
.3
8.8
.6
6.7
.5
4.5
.2
4.4
.2
.3
.2
.3
.4
-. 1
.1
-. 1
.7
.7
.7
1.5
.3
*.6
.5
.4
.4
.4
.4
.7
.4
1
Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately.
s Calculated from the CPI beef and veal component by excluding veal cutlets and
2
Includes home purchase, mortgage interest, taxes, insurance, and maintenance beef
liver.
6
and3 repairs.
Energy includes gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, gas, and electricity,
Also includes residential telephone, fuel oil, coal, water, and sewerage services not
* Not seasonally adjusted,
shown
separately.
4
Calculated from the CPI food at home component by excluding fish, nonalcoholic
beverages, bananas, chocolate candy bars, chocolate syrup, and about half of the index
NOTE: Index applies to month as a whole; not any specific date,
weight for sugar.
16
Table 1-A. CPI —U.S. 1977 annual average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Indexes
(1976-100)
Percent change to 1977 f r o m —
Group or class
1977
Average
1976
Average
1976
Average
Commodity and service groups
All items
All items (1957-59=100)
Commodities
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other foods at home
Food away from home
Commodities less food
Nondurables less food
Apparel commodities
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
Other apparel commodities
Nondurables less food and apparel . .
Gasoline and motor oil
Tobacco products
Alcoholic beverages
Fuel oil and coal
Other nondurables
Durable commodities
Household durables
New automobiles
Used automobiles
Other durables
Services
Rent
Services less rent
Household services less rent
Transportation services
Medical care services
Other services
Special indexes:
All items less food
Nondurable commodities
Apparef commodities less footwear
Services less medical care services
Insurance and finance
Utilities and public transportation
Housekeeping and home maintenance service
Appliances (including radio and TV)
170.5
19». 3
165.2
180.8
179.5
180.6
179.4
169.3
175.4
189.9
186. 1
156.6
158.3
145.8
147.2
141.9
149.9
153.0
165.7
176.6
160.5
146.8
250.8
160.2
154.3
146.0
135.7
167.9
161.7
180.4
144.7
186.8
198.4
174.3
197. 1
161. 1
181.5
211. 1
174.7192.2
190.2
183.5
178.4
173.9
191.6
224. 1
200.3
165. 1
166.5
151. 6
154.0
146.4
156.9
160.9
175.3
186.7
168.2
150.9
283.4
169.9
163.2
151.5
142.9
182.8
171.6
194.3
153.5
201.6
213.8
188.4
216.7
171.1
6.5
6.5
5.8
6.3
6.0
1.6
-.6
2.7
9.2
18.0
7.6
5.4
5.2
4.0
4.6
3.2
4.7
5.2
5.8
5.7
4.8
2.8
13.0
6. 1
5.8
3.8
5.3
8.9
6.1
7.7
6. 1
7.9
7.8
8. 1
9.9
6.2
167.5
169.2
144.9
177.7
196.6
172.2
210.2
123.3
178.4
178.9
150.6
190.6
211.6
187.3
224.9
126.0
6.5
5.7
3.9
7.3
7.6
8.8
7.0
2.2
Expenditure classes
All items
Food
Housing
;
Shelter1
Rent
Homeownership2
Fuel and utilities 3
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and o p e r a t i o n . . .
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Private
Public
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
Special indexes:
All items less shelter
All items less medical care
All items less mortgage interest costs
CPI—domestically produced farm foods 4
CPI-selected beef cuts*
All items less food and energy 6
Purchasing power of consumer dollar:
1967=$1.00
1957-59=$1.00
170.5
180.8
177.2
179.0
144.7
191.7
182.7
r
189. 0
168.5
147.6
165.5
164.6
174.2
163.3
184.7
160.5
151.2
153.3
181.5
192.2
189.6
191. 1
153.5
204.9
202.2
213.4
177.0
154.2
177.2
176.6
182.4
173.7
202.4
170.9
157.9
159.2
6.5
6.3
7.0
6.8
6. 1
6.9
10.7
12.9
5.0
4.5
7.1
7.3
4.7
6.4
9.6
6.5
4.4
3.8
168.3
169.7
168.4
175.4
165.5
165.5
179. 1
180.3
179.3
179.2
164.4
175.8
6.4
6.2
6.5
2.2
-.7
6.2
$0,587
.504
$0,551
.474
-6.1
-6.0
1
Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately.
Includes home purchase, mortgage interest, taxes, insurance, and maintenance and
repairs.
3
Also includes residential telephone, fuel oil, coal, water, and sewerage services not
shown separately.
4
Calculated from the CPI food at home component by excluding fish, nonalcoholic
2
17
beverages, bananas, chocolate candy bars, chocolate syrup and about half of the index
weight for sugar.
5
Calculated from the CPI beef and veal component by excluding veal cutlets and
beef liver.
6
Energy includes gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, gas and electricity.
r=revised.
Table 2. CPI—seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by commodity and service group and expenditure class
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers. 1967=100)
Seasonally adjusted annual rate
percent change for—
Seasonally adjusted indexes
Group and class
6 months ending in
3 months ending in
September Octobier N<ovembe r December
1977
1977
1977
1977
March
June
1977 I 1977
September December
1977
1977
June
December
1977 J^ 1977
Commodity and service groups
All items
Commodities
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other foods at home
Food away from home
Commodities less food
Nondurables less food
Apparel commodities
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
Other apparel commodities
Nondurables less food and apparel . . .
Gasoline and motor oil
Tobacco products
Alcoholic beverages
Fuel oil and coal
Other nondurables1.
Durable commodities
Household durables
New automobiles
Used automobiles
Other durables1.
Services
Rent
Services less rent
Household services less rent
Transportation services
Medical care services
Other services
Special indexes:
All items less food 1
Nondurable commodities1.
Apparel commodities less footwear
Services less medical care services l
Insurance and finance
Utilities and public transportation
Housekeeping and home maintenance service!.
Appliances (including radio and TV)
176.3
194.7
192.4
187. 1
178.4
177.9
188.9
231.7
203.7
166.2
168.0
152.5
155.3
146.7
157.9
162.8
177.2
187.2
170.3
151.7
290.9
172.2
163.8
152.5
144.0
174.5
174.4
197. 7
155.5
205.3
218. 1
r
191.6
220.7
173.3
176.7
194.9
192.5
186.7
179. 1
176.9
191.7
229.4
204.2
166.7
168.8
152.8
155. 1
147. 1
158.6
163.7
178.4
189.8
172.4
152.0
291.0
172.8
163.8
152.9
144.8
170.8
175.0
198.4
156. 1
206. 1
218.8
191.7
222.2
174. 1
177.6
196. 1
193.9
187. 1
182.3
175.8
194.5
229.4
204.8
167.5
169.5
153.5
156.4
147.6
159. 1
164.2
179. 1
191.3
173.0
153.0
288.7
173.3
164.8
153.4
147.0
170.9
176. 1
199.2
157.2
206.8
219.5
192.0
223.4
175. 1
178.3
196.5
194. 1
187.7
184. 1
175.0
198.9
224.6
205.6
168.3
170. 1
153.8
156.9
147.6
159.6
164.6
179.7
192.0
172.8
153.2
288.4
174.5
165.9
154.4
149.2
171.4
177.2
200. 1
157.9
207.7
220.3
192.7
224.9
175.8
180.9
181. 0
151.5
193.9
r
2l6.6
190.8
228.5
126.7
181.6
181.4
151. 6
194.7
216.0
192.0
229.7
126.7
182.5
182.4
152.4
195.7
216.9
192. 1
230.7
126.6
183. 1
182.9
152.7
196.7
218. 1
191.5
231.3
127.0
10.0
10.4
14.6
15.8
2.7
8.6
-.7
38.8
31. 1
10.9
7.4
5.5
3.8
9. 1
.3
5.3
3. 1
6.5
2.6
5.7
1.4
28. 1
6.7
10.5
4.9
4. 1
40. 1
7.2
9.8
6.3
9.9
12.2
8.2
9.4
6.7
6.9
10. 1
4.4
8.6
14.4
9.0
7.2
2.3
8. 1
7.4
12.7
12.8
9.5
8.7
15.0
-16.5
45.3
12.4
4.2
5.2
4.6
.3
7. 7
4.4
5.2
5.7
4.2
1.5
4.6
10.9
7. 1
2.5
3.2
4.0
-11.8
6.6
9.4
6.3
10. 1
10.8
11. 1
10.0
5.8
7.8
8.9
4.6
7.9
15.0
9.3
8.2
3.2
4.2
2.3
1. 7
.6
8.3
-2.2
6.3
1.7
-2.9
5. 1
2.7
4.2
2.4
5.6
-.8
2. 1
6.9
4.9
2.2
9.7
1.9
7.9
5.5
1. 0
2.9
5.8
-26.4
9.0
7.4
7.0
7.5
8.3
5.4
8.6
6.2
5.7
2.9
2. 1
8.2
7.7
7.9
6.6
1.9
4.6
4.6
3.7
3.6
1.3
13.4
-6.4
22.9
-11.7
3.8
5.2
5. 1
3.5
4.2
2.5
4.4
4.5
5.8
10.7
6.0
4.0
-3.4
5.5
5.2
5. 1
15.2
-6.9
6.6
4.9
6.3
4.8
4. 1
2.3
7.8
5.9
5.0
4.3
3.2
5.9
2.8
1.5
5.0
1. 0
9.0
8.9
13.6
14.3
6.0
8.7
6.8
7.6
38.0
11.7
5.8
5.4
4.2
4.6
3.9
4.9
4. 1
6. 1
3.4
3.6
3.0
19.2
6.9
6.4
4. 1
4. 1
11.2
6.9
9.6
6.3
10.0
11.5
9.6
9.7
6.3
7.3
9.5
4.5
8.3
14.7
9. 1
7.7
2.8
4.4
3.5
2.7
2. 1
4.7
5.3
-.2
11.8
-7.4
4.4
3.9
4.6
2.9
4.9
.8
3.2
5.7
5.3
6.3
7.8
2.9
2. 1
5.5
3. 1
4.0
10.4
-17.2
7.8
6.2
6.6
6. 1
6.2
3.8
8.2
6. 1
5.3
3.6
2.7
7. 1
5.2
4.6
5. 8
1.4
Expenditure classes
All items
Food
Housing1
Shelter 1 . 2
Rent
Homeownership l 3
Fuel and utilities 4
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation . . .
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Private
Public
Health and recreation 1
Medical care,!
Personal care1
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
Special indexes:
194. 7
192.7
194.7
155.5
209. 1
206.9
219.5
178.5
155.4
*177.7
rl77.1
183.4
176. 1
206.3
172.8
159.5
160.8
194.9
193.6
195. 6
156. 1
210.0
208.3
221.5
179. 1
155. 6
177.9
177.2
183.5
177. 1
207.2
173.9
160.3
161.7
196. 1
194.6
196.9
157.2
211.5
208.0
220.6
179.7
156.3
178.3
177.6
184.0
177.9
208. 1
175.5
160.7
162.4
196.5
195.7
198.2
157.9
213.0
207.4
219. 1
180.9
156.9
179.3
178.7
183.9
178.5
209.3
176.3
161.3
162.7
All items less shelter.1
All items less medical care1
All items less motrgage interest costs1
All items less food and energys.
CPI—domestically produced farm foods ! 6 . .
CPI—selected beef cuts 7
181.2
182.6
181.6
177.9
179.7
160. 1
181.7
183. 1
182. 1
178.5
179.2
163.2
182.5
184. 1
183.0
179.2
180.9
167.6
183.0
184.7
183.6
180.2
181.8
171. 1
1
Not seasonally adjusted.
Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately.
Includes home purchase, mortgage interest, taxes, insurance, and maintenance
and repairs.
4
Also includes residential telephone, fuel oil, coal, water, and sewerage service not
shown separately.
5
Energy includes gasoline, motor oil, fuel oil, coal, gas, and electricity.
6
Calculated from the CPI food at home component by excluding fish, nonalcoholic
2
3
10.0
14.6
8.9
8.8
6.3
9. 1
12.0
10.7
6.2
4.6
10.1
9.9
9.1
6.6
11.5
5.2
4.7
3.9
9.4
9.1
9.4
8.3
12.8
-5.7
8. 1
12.7
7.8
8.9
6.3
9.6
9.9
12. 1
4.9
5. 1
4.4
4.2
8.9
6.0
8.8
8. 1
2.8
3.3
8.2
8.4
8.2
7. 1
2.3
9.0
4.2
1.7
8. 1
9.6
7.0
10. 6
10. 1
13.2
3.7
3. 1
-.7
-.7
-1.5
6.9
9.2
5.3
5.4
5.7
3.6
4.5
4.3
4.6
.9
-11.4
4.6
3.7
6.4
7.4
6.3
7.7
1.0
-.7
5.5
3.9
3.7
3.7
1. 1
5.6
5.9
8.4
4.6
4.8
4.0
4.7
4.5
5.3
4.8
30.4
10.9
11.4
5.5
4.8
7.2
7.0
9.0
6.3
10. 1
6.6
3.8
3.6
4.4
2.7
7.2
8.5
6.6
9. 1
5.4
6.0
4.6
3.5
1.5
1.5
-.2
6.2
7.6
6.8
5.0
5.2
8.8
8.7
8.8
7.7
7.4
1.3
3.8
4.6
4.4
4.9
2.8
7.5
9.0
13.6
8.3
8.8
6.3
9.3
beverages, bananas, chocolate candy bars, chocolate syrup, and about half of the index
weight for sugar.
7
Calculated from the CPI beef and veal component by excluding veal cutlets and
beef liver.
r=revised.
18
NOTE: Index applies to month as a whole, not to any specific date.
Table 3. CPI-food items, U.S. city average
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Percent :hange to December 1977
from—
Index
Item and group
December 1977
Unadjusted
Food
food away from home
Restaurant meals
Snacks
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Flour
Cracker meal
Corn flakes
Rice
Bread, white
Bread, whole wheat
Cookies
Layer cake
Cinnamon rolls
Meats, poultry, and fish . . . .
Meats
Beef and veal
Steak, round
Steak, sirloin
Steak, porterhouse..
Rump roast
Rib roast
Chuck roast
Hamburger
Beef liver
Veal cutlets
Pork
Chops
Loin roast
Sausage
Ham, whole
Picnics
Bacon
Other meats
Lamb c h o p s . . . . . . .
Frankfurters
Ham, canned
Bologna sausage . . .
Salami sausage
Liverwusrt
Poultry
Frying chicken
Chicken breasts
Turkey
Fish
Shrimp, frozen
Fish, fresh or frozen...
Tuna fish, canned
Sardines, canned
Dairy products
Milk, fresh, grocery
Milk, fresh, skim
,
Milk, evaporated
,
Ice cream
Cheese, American process .
Butter
,
Fruits and vegetables
Fresh fruits and vegetables,
Fresh fruits
Apples
Bananas
Oranges
Orange juice, fresh . . ,
Grapefruit
Grapes
Strawberries
Watermelon
Fresh vegetables
Potatoes
Onions
Asparagus
Cabbage
Carrots
Celery
Cucumbers
Lettuce
Peppers, green
Spinach
Tomatoes
196.3
206.2
203.0
221.5
193.7
189.0
134.9
240.6
184.4
192.0
164.5
185.9
234.0
202.7
194.8
182. 1
178.3
168.0
167.3
169.4
187.8
161.4
202.7
167. 1
159.0
124.8
196.4
191.7
177.5
190.6
224.0
213.0
171. 7
190. 1
182.3
198.9
164.4
208.5
178.9
173.2
168.5
153.6
152.2
165.3
149.0
262.6
244.9
299.3
226.8
278.9
176.9
163.7
183.2
223.8
172.6
209.3
167.8
192.5
188.0
186.5
176.5
160.2
198.9
192.2
156.4
PiPi
189.5
180. 1
167.5
(2)
204. 1
187.6
189.2
141. 1
205.6
148.8
236.5
206.5
See footnotes at end of table.
19
December 1976
Seasonally
adjusted
November 1977
Unadjusted
Unadjusted
182.3
(!)
169.7
206.2
159.2
198.9
200.2
201.6
198.5
172.3
201. 1
(*)
177.9
8.0
8.0
7.0
13.0
8.0
5.4
-8.4
8.4
11.7
2.2
1.5
3.7
22. 1
8.3
-.6
7.0
6.5
4.5
5.8
6.0
7.6
2.2
7.9
3.7
1.7
1.7
8. 1
9.7
11.1
13.2
9.6
11.9
5. 1
7.6
6. 1
9.8
4.7
7.0
5.7
4.7
3.9
6.7
6.1
5.8
10.6
10.5
5.9
12.0
17. 1
8.4
3.2
1.2
2. 1
6.9
5.5
4.0
8.6
9.7
9.7
13.0
5.9
10.4
27.7
22.4
6.4
0.4
.4
.4
.2
.4
1.0
-.7
2.4
.2
3. 1
1.4
.3
. 1
.9
.6
,1
.5
1.2
1. 1
.7
1.0
1.8
2.5
0
1.4
1.0
-. 1
-1. 1
-3.2
-1.9
-1.2
6.8
-1.5
-2.4
1.3
-.3
0
4.4
1.2
1.0
1.0
-2.4
-3.5
-. 7
1.0
. 1
-2.9
.2
1.8
1.2
.2
-. 1
.3
.4
1.2
.5
.5
2.0
1.6
-. 1
7.6
-4.5
-4. 7
3.2
-6.5
199.5
203.0
189. 1
(2)
210.2
184.5
189.4
150.3
(*)
141.4
237.4
193.5
7.2
7.2
7.4
(2)
8.5
-1.6
4.8
-20.6
30.9
-14.3
11.8
12. 1
196.5
205.6
1
C)
221.3
194. 1
187.7
133.4
244.3
182.6
190.3
163.7
184.2
231.7
201. 1
191.9
184.1
178.8
170.7
170.2
174.3
189.9
164.2
203.5
166.3
161.4
n
196.2
189. 1
179.5
192.3
220.0
198. 1
167.5
188.0
180.7
201.1
163.9
202.0
177. 1
171.3
167.0
153.4
151.9
166. 1
146. 1
261.6
(!)
(*)
227.5
275.9
175.0
162.4
3.0
.3
4.9
(2)
2. 9
-2.3
-16.6
14. 7
-5.9
1.5
15.0
Seasonally
adjusted
0.2
.4
! i
.3
-1.5
3. 1
-.4
2.6
1.2
.2
-2.2
.4
-. 1
1.0
1.5
2.2
2.5
2.7
1.8
3.0
2.2
-.2
2.7
(*)
-.3
.5
-.3
.9
-.5
1.0
-. 1
.6
1.5
0
.9
3.6
1.5
1.4
.7
-1.5
-3.2
-.2
3.5
-. 1
(*)
M\
1.8
.8
-.5
-.7
-.2
-.6
-.6
-2.0
2.3
2.5
3.0
8.7
-2.2
2. 1
(*)
-2.9
(2)
2.4
.3
5.6
(2)
-2.5
-2.2
1.8
-30.1
(M
-15.9
.5
2.8
Table 3. CPI—food items, U.S. city average—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earner* and clerical worker*. 1967 s 100)
Percent change to December 1977
Index
Item and group
Unadjusted
Food—Continued
Food at home—Continued
Fruits and vegetables—Continued
Processed fruits and vegetables
Fruit cocktail, canned
Pears, canned
Pineapple-grapefruit drink, canned.
Orange juice concentrate, frozen . .
Lemonade concentrate, frozen . . .
Beets, canned
Peas, green canned
Tomatoes, canned
Dried beans
Broccoli, frozen
Other food at home
Eggs
Fats and oils
Margarine
Salad dressing, Italian
Salad or cooking oil
Sugar and sweets
Sugar
Grape jelly
Chocolate bar
Syrup, chocolate flavored
Nonalcoholic beverages
Coffee
Coffee, instant
Tea
Carbonated drink, cola flavored...
Carbonated drink, fruit flavored...
Prepared and partially prepared foods
Bean soup, canned
Chicken soup, canned
Spaghetti, canned
Mashed potatoes, instant
Potatoes, french fried, frozen . . . .
Baby foods
Sweet pickle relish
Pretzels
Not available.
from—
December 1976
December 1977
199.2
187. 1
161.6
193.3
224.8
188.7
207.6
159.0
198.8
280.9
195.6
228.6
148.6
196. 1
211.5
168.6
208.3
239.7
180.5
218.7
308.3
243.9
334.3
457.5
383.2
202.6
206.0
206.4
180.8
207.4
155.5
177.6
163.2
193.4
192. 1
194. 7
162.9
Seasonally
adjusted
197.8
185. 1
159.7
191.2
(!)
188.5
(')
157.4
(l)
275.4
136.2
191.9
204.5
168.4
202.2
234.8
167.8
()
239.8
(M
ft
180.3
207.8
(M
176.4
162.9
(V
192.6
164.2
2
20
Priced only in season.
Unadjusted
9.8
3.4
3. 1
8.4
46.9
2.8
8.7
-1. 1
7.8
15.2
19.3
13. 1
-23.3
10.6
11. 1
7.3
12.6
13.5
1.2
.4
34.6
13.7
35.4
47.8
47.8
29.9
5.3
3. 1
4.4
-1.2
8. 1
6.9
2.7
6.9
8.2
4.7
.9
November 1977
Unadjusted
2.6
.4
1.0
2.5
5.0
.4
1. 1
.4
-. 1
12.4
-.5
-.7
-5.9
-.6
-1.3
-. 1
-.3
1.4
2.0
.2
2.5
1.0
9
-1 5
-.3
1.5
-1. 1
-.6
.5
-.2
1.0
.4
.7
.5
.6
1.7
-.6
Seasonally
adjusted
2.2
.2
1.0
1.9
(l)
.6
(M
.3
(M
10.5
(l)
-2. 1
-12.8
-.6
-1.4
-. 1
-.7
-. 1
-2.0
1|
!
Pi'
()
.3
-.7
1
C)
0
.9
-.4
Table 3-A. CPI —food items, U.S. 1977 annual average
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Indexes (1967=100)
Item and group
1976
Average
Food
Food away from home
Restaurant meals
Snacks
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Flour
Cracker meal
Corn flakes
Rice
Bread, white
Bread, whole wheat
,
Cookies
Layer cake
Cinnamon rolls
Meats, poultry, and fish
Meats
Beef and veal
Steak, round
Steak, sirloin
Steak, porterhouse...
Rump roast
Rib roast
Chuck roast
Hamburger
Beef liver
Veal cutlets
Pork
Chops
Loin roast
Sausage
Ham, whole
Picnics
Bacon
Other meats
Lamb chops
....
Frankfurters
Ham, canned
Bologna sausage . . . .
Salami sausage
Liverwusrt
Poultry
Frying chicken
Chicken breasts
Turkey
Fish
Shrimp, frozen
Fish, fresh or f r o z e n . . . .
Tuna fish, canned
Sardines, canned
Dairy products
Milk, fresh, grocery
Milk, fresh, skim
Milk, evaporated
Ice cream
Cheese, American process .
Butter
Fruits and vegetables
Fresh fruits and vegetables.
Fresh fruits
Apples
Bananas
Oranges
Orange juice, fresh . . .
Grapefruit
Grapes
Strawberries
Watermelon
Fresh vegetables
Potatoes
Onions
Asparagus
Cabbage
Carrots
Celery
Cucumbers
Lettuce
Peppers, green
Spinach
Tomatoes
180.8
186.1
185. 1
191.2
*i79.5
180.6
154.7
223.5
165.5
198.7
162.7
178.2
189.6
185. 1
195.9
179.4
178.2
164.5
162.9
163.5
177.9
1
159.4
188.4
166.0
160.7
127.4
1
186.3
199.5
182.5
197.7
226.6
199.6
189.0
210.4
178.4
185.9
166.9
205.2
176. 1
167.7
168.0
155.7
157.6
161.5
141.4
227.3
222.8
249.4
186.9
248.9
169.3
160.7
176.8
204.8
158.6
198.6
153. 1
1
175.4
170.2
160.8
155.6
151.3
153.6
154. 1
159.5
214.7
154.0
183.6
178.0
200.1
170.5
187.3
151.6
160.2
185.5
154.9
172.9
158.7
196.3
163.5
See footnotes at end of table.
21
Percent change to 1977 from—
1977
Average
192.2
200.3
197.7
212.5
190.2
183.5
141.8
232.6
179.7
185.3
162.8
182.5
206.9
192.8
195.7
178.4
174.2
163.6
162.2
164.4
182.6
157. 1
191.7
164.2
156.9
122.7
192.3
188.8
179.3
188.4
216.2
191.3
171.2
192.9
177.3
193.8
162.9
196.4
174.6
169.0
165.8
156.7
158.5
165.8
139.9
251.6
244.3
284.7
211.0
265.9
173.9
162.3
180.6
217.4
167.2
204.6
161.8
191.6
193.4
185.0
184.6
164.5
175.4
172. 1
172.3
255.2
162.6
202.8
200.4
203.9
215.8
225.3
230.9
200.1
209.7
175.5
172.2
189.0
218.7
192.8
1976
Average
6.3
7.6
6.8
11.1
6.0
1.6
-8.3
4.1
8.6
-6.7
.1
2.4
9.1
4.2
-. 1
-.6
-2.2
-.5
-.4
.6
2.6
-1.4
1.8
-1.1
-2.4
-3.7
3.2
-5.4
-1.8
-4.7
-4.6
-4.2
-9.4
-8.3
-.6
4.2
-2.4
-4.3
-.9
.8
-1.3
.6
.6
2.7
-1.1
10.7
9.6
14.2
12.9
6.8
2.7
1.0
2.1
6.2
5.4
3.0
5.7
9.2
13.6
15.0
18.6
8.7
14.2
11.7
8.0
18.9
5.6
10.5
12.6
1.9
26.6
20.3
52.3
24.9
13.0
13.3
-.4
19. 1
11.4
17.9
Table 3-A. CPI-food items, U.S. 1977 annual average—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967-100)
Indexes (1967=100)
Percent change to 1977 f r o m —
Item and group
Food—Continued
Food at home—Continued
Fruits and vegetables—Continued
Processed fruits and vegetables
Fruit cocktail, canned
Pears, canned
Pineapple-grapefruit drink, canned.
Orange juice concentrate, frozen . .
Lemonade concentrate, frozen . . .
Beets, canned
Peas, green canned
Tomatoes, canned
Dried beans
Broccoli, frozen
Other food at home
Eggs
Fats and oils
Margarine
Salad dressing, Italian
Salad or cooking oil
Sugar and sweets
Sugar
Grape jelly
Chocolate bar
Syrup, chocolate flavored
Nonalcoholic beverages
Coffee
Coffee, instant
Tea
Carbonated drink, cola f l a v o r e d . . .
Carbonated drink, fruit flavored...
Prepared and partially prepared foods
Bean soup, canned
Chicken soup, canned
Spaghetti, canned
Mashed potatoes, instant
Potatoes, french fried, frozen . . . .
Baby foods
Sweet pickle relish
Pretzels
1
1976
Average
1977
Average
1976
Average
183.0
177.0
157.3
175.0
156.9
184.4
185.9
158.4
178.3
270.8
158.3
189.9
172.4
173.7
188.3
152.5
181.4
218.2
l
201.2
221.0
233.5
214.5
214.0
243.6
227.3
150.7
194.2
199.3
169.4
207.8
136.7
163.8
157.4
179.8
168.5
180.6
160.2
188.8
183.9
158.7
184.6
189.0
186.5
199. 1
159.5
195.2
240.0
187. 1
224. 1
166.9
191.4
205.7
165.6
202.9
229.4
180.9
217.0
276.6
236.6
322.4
451.2
343.5
180.0
203.4
205.2
175.4
206.0
149.0
169.6
159.9
184.9
184.8
187. 1
162.5
3.2
3.9
.9
5.5
20.5
Revised.
22
1. 1
7. 1
.7
9.5
-14.5
18.2
18.0
-3.2
10.2
9.2
8.6
11.9
5. 1
-10. 1
-1.8
18.5
10.3
50.7
85.2
51. 1
19.4
4.7
3.0
3.5
-.9
9.0
3.5
1.6
2.7
9.7
3.6
1.4
Table 4. CPI —nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Item and group
Housing
Shelter'
Rent, residential
Homeownership 2
Mortgage interest rates
Property taxes
Property insurance premium
Maintenance and repairs
Maintenance and repair commodities 3
Exterior house paint
Interior house paint
Maintenance and repair services
Repainting living and dining
rooms
Reshingling house roof
Residing house
Replacing sink
Repairing furnace
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Fuel oil, No. 2
Gas and electricity
Gas
:
Electricity
Other utilities:
Residential telephone services
,
Residential water and sewerage
services
Household furnishings and operation 4
Housefurnishings
Textiles
Sheets, full, flat
Curtains, tailored
Bedspreads
,
Drapery fabrics
,
Pillows, bed
,
Slipcovers and throws, ready-made . .
Furniture and bedding
,
Bedroom furniture, chest and
dresser
Sofas, upholstered
Cocktail tables
,
Dining room chairs
Recliners, upholstered
Sofas, dual purpose
Bedding, mattress and box springs
Aluminum folding chairs
Cribs
Floor coverings
Broadloom carpeting
Vinyl sheet goods
Vinyl floor tile
Appliances (excluding radio and TV)
Washing machines, electric
Vacuum cleaners
Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers,
electric
Ranges, free standing, gas or
electric
Clothes dryers, electric
Air conditioners, demountable
Room heaters, electric, portable
Garbage disposal units
Other housefurnishings:
Dinnerware, fine china
Flatware, stainless steel .
Table lamps, with shade
Lawn mowers, power, rotary type . . .
Electric drills, hand-held
Housekeeping supplies:
Laundry soaps and detergents
Paper napkins
Toilet tissue
Housekeeping services:
Domestic services, general
housework
Baby sitter services
Postal charges
Laundry, flatwork, finished service
Licensed day care services, preschool
child
Washing machine repairs
See foonotes at end of table.
Other
index
base
Mar. 70
Dec. 71
Mar. 70
Dec. 71
June 70
23
Percent change to
December 1977 from—
Indexes •
November
1977
December
1977
194.6
196.9
157.0
211.5
140.2
185.9
157.9
220.4
183. 1
171.9
160.8
236.6
195,7
198.2
157.9
213.0
140.0
189.6
158.4
220.9
184.0
173.8
161.7
236.9
247.8
261.5
224.8
228.0
231.3
207.4
289.9
286.6
219.5
250.0
191. 1
250.4
258.0
226.8
228.6
229.0
207.6
291.9
288.7
218.9
249.2
190.7
132.0
132.2
219.9
180. 1
158.7
158.5
151.9
145.7
168.6
200.5
138.4
144.9
160.2
221.5
181. 1
159.6
160.4
157.6
152.6
168.4
201.2
135.3
146.4
160.8
12.7
5. 1
.6
3.7
3.9
-2.2
142.8
145.7
129.8
148.4
4.7
2.6
114.7
142.8
139.9
143.3
146.3
130.9
149.4
115.4
142.5
140.3
.4
.4
.8
.7
.6
-.2
.3
168.0
142.3
128.3
175.3
174.4
142. 1
147.5
125. 1
169.2
143.4
129.8
175.6
174.4
142.7
148.8
125.7
7.5
3.6
3.2
4.5
4.2
3.7
3.8
2.2
.7
.8
1.2
.2
0
.4
December
1976
November
1977
7.8
0.6
.7
.6
.7
-.1
2.0
.3
.2
.5
1.1
.6
8.7
6.5
9.2
1.9
11.0
6.4
7.2
6.7
3.4
3.9
7.4
7.5
7.5
8.6
6.2
6.1
8. 1
10.4
10.5
.1
1.0
-1.3
.9
.3
-1.0
4.6
.1
.7
.7
-.3
-.3
-.2
.5
.2
8.7
12.3
4.2
5.2
1.4
4.1
9.7
10.1
-2.6
5.8
2.3
2.3
1.8
.7
.6
.6
1.2
3.8
4.7
-. 1
.3
1.0
.4
.9
.5
142.2
143. 1
4.8
.6
145.2
157.6
146. 1
158.2
3.5
4
.6
.4
136. 1
140.6
135.7
139.8
1.3
2.9
-.3
-.6
207.4
186.8
154.2
169.5
131.0
206.8
187.9
154.6
171.2
131.2
7.7
3.4
3.5
4.2
1.8
-.3
.6
.3
1.0
.2
188.6
248.0
270.5
189.9
249.7
273.5
6.1
9.9
7.6
.7
.7
1.1
224.3
230.5
225.6
229. 1
224.6
231.3
225.6
232.7
4.6
4.4
0
10.5
.1
.3
0
1.6
178.4
213.5
178.3
213.9
7.2
4. 1
-. 1
5
4
.2
Table 4. CPI—nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Item and group
Apparel and upkeep 6
Apparel commodities
Apparel commodities less footwear
Men's and boys'
Men's:
Topcoats and all-weather coats . . .
Suits, year round weight
Sport jackets
Jackets, lightweight
Slacks, heavyweight
Slacks, lightweight..:
Trousers, work
\
Shirts, work
'
Shirts, business or dress
,
T-shirts
Socks
Handkerchiefs
Boys':
Coats, heavyweight .j
Sport coats, wool or wool blends ,
Dungarees
Undershorts
Women's and girls'
Women's:
Coats, heavyweight
Carcoats, heavyweight
Sweaters
Skirts, winter weight
Skirts, summer weight
Blouses
Dresses, street, year round weight
Slips
Panties
Girdles
Brassieres
Hose or panty hose, nylon
Anklets or knee-length socks . . . .
Gloves, fabric
Handbags
Girls':
Raincoats
Skirts, fall and winter
Dresses
Slacks, fall and winter.
Slips
Handbags
,
Other apparel commodities
Diapers
Yard goods
Wrist watches, men's and women's
Footwear
Men's:
Shoes, street
,
Shoes, work, high
Women's:
Shoes, street, pump
,
Shoes, evening, pump
Shoes, casual
,
Houseslippers, scuff
,
Children's:
Shoes, oxford
Sneakers, boys', oxford type
Dress shoes, girls'
,
Apparel services:
Drycleaning
Automatic laundry service
Laundry, men's shirts
Tailoring charges
Shoe repairs
Other
index
base
June 74
Transportation
Private 8
Automobiles, new
Automobiles, used
Gasoline, regular, premium, and unleaded . . .
Motor oil
Tires
Auto repairs (mechanical) and maintenance 9
Auto insurance premiums
Auto registration fees
Parking fees, private and municipal
See footnotes at end of table.
24
Percent change to
December '. 977 from—
Indexes
November
1977
December
1977
December
1976
158.5
155.9
155. 1
158.0
158.2
155.3
154.5
157.8
.4.2
3.6
3.6
4.7
-0.2
-.4
-.4
-. 1
158.6
141.7
97.2
148.7
121.3
153.4
179. 1
176.9
148.9
181.3
140.9
176.2
157.6
139.7
98.0
149.4
121.9
153.8
179.8
178.0
149.0
181.0
141. 1
176.8
2.3
-2.2
.7
4.6
1.0
1.2
8.5
9.5
8.1
11.6
2.5
7.3
-.6
-1.4
.8
.5
.5
.3
.4
.6
. 1
-.2
. 1
.3
133.5
133.8
210.7
173.9
151.4
132.8
133.2
211. 1
173.3
150.4
7.3
3.4
7. 1
9.5
2.4
-.5
-.4
.2
-.3
-.7
168.4
172. 1
161.0
171.6
151. 1
150.4
158. 1
137.2
163. 1
139.7
158.8
93.1
143.6
129.0
173.6
161. 1
163.0
158.6
173.0
149.3
151.3
159.4
137.2
163.6
139.7
159.2
92.5
143.6
128.3
173.9
1. 1
-.6
9.8
5.8
(7)
2.4
3.7
4.9
5.9
2.8
3.4
-.5
3.9
-1. 1
-1.9
-4.3
-5.3
-1.5
.8
-1.2
.6
.8
0
.3
0
.3
-.6
0
-.5
.2
121. 1
160.9
139.8
185.3
144.6
154. 1
164.5
216.4
174.9
143. 7
159.9
121.8
159.3
140.7
182.5
144.7
153.0
164.6
216.5
172.9
144.0
159.6
-13.2
-1.6
2.7
2.9
3.2
3. 1
4.9
8.0
3.8
1.6
4.0
.6
-1.0
.6
-1.5
. 1
-.7
.1
0
-1. 1
.2
-.2
168.6
187.3
168.5
188.0
4.7
6. 1
-. 1
.4
150.9
142.9
160.3
156.0
149.3
142.5
159.6
156.0
2. 7
3.3
3.0
4. 1
-1.1
-.3
-.4
0
161.3
158.5
166.6
161.5
158.2
167.2
5.3
4.7
3. 1
. 1
-.2
.4
174.9
164. 1
183.0
178. 1
167.0
176. 0
165. 1
184.7
180.5
167.5
6.5
12.0
8.6
8.5
7.7
.6
.6
.9
1.3
.3
178.7
178.0
148.2
175.0
189.8
169.5
138. 6
208.6
214.6
142.2
198.6
178.8
178.0
150.5
170.7
190. 1
170.7
138. 1
210.4
214.7
142.2
199.5
4.3
4.3
7.2
-4. 1
4.9
5.4
-.6
8.2
7.5
7. 1
4.5
.1
0
1.6
-2.5
.2
.7
-.4
.9
0
0
.5
November
1977
Table 4. CPI—nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Item and group
Transportation—Continued
Public
Local transit fares
Taxicab fares
Railroad fares, coach
Airplane fares, chiefly coach
Bus fares, intercity
Health and recreation
Medical care l °
Drugs and prescriptions
Over-the-counter items
Multiple vitamin concentrates
Aspirin compounds
Liquid tonics
Adhesive bandages, packages
Cold tablets or capsules
Cough syrup
Prescriptions
Anti-infectives
Sedative and hypnotics
Ataractics
Antispasmodics
Cough preparations
Cardiovasculars and antihypertensives . . .
Analgesics, internal
Hormones
Professional services:
Physicians' fees
General physician, office visits
General physician, house visits
Obstetrical cases
Pediatric care, office visits
Psychiatrist, office visits
Herniorrhapy, adult
Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
Dentists' fees
Fillings, adult, amalgam, one surface . . . .
Extractions, adult
Dentures, full upper
Other professional services:
Examination, prescription, and dispensing
of eyeglasses
Routine laboratory tests
Hospital service charges
Semiprivate rooms
,
Operating room charges
,
X-ray, diagnostic series, upper Gl
,
Laboratory tests
Anti-infectives
Tranquilizers
Electrocardiogram
Intravenous solution
Physical therapy
Oxygen, inhalation therapy
Personal care
Toilet goods
Toothpaste, standard dentifrice
Toilet soap, hard-milled
Hand lotions
Shaving cream.
Face powder
Deodorants
Cleansing tissues
Home permanent wave kits
Personal care services
Men's haircuts
Beauty shop services
Women's haircuts
Shampoo and wave sets, plain
Permanent waves, cold
Reading and recreation * l
Recreational goods
TV sets, portable and console
TV replacement tubes
Radios, portable and table models
Tape recorders, portable
Phonograph records, stereophonic
Movie cameras, 8mm
Film, 35mm, color
Golf balls
Jan. 72
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
72
72
72
72
72
72
72
See footnotes at end of table.
25
Percent change to
Indexes
Other
index
December 1977 from—
November
1977
December
1977
December
1976
November
1977
184.7
179.5
195.3
186.4
184.3
232.2
185.7
179.5
194.4
190.8
190.3
232.6
4.3
2. 1
7.0
12.6
7.0
10. 1
0.5
0
-.5
2.4
3.3
.2
177.9
208. 1
137.3
151.6
110.4
152.9
122. 1
215.4
138.4
158.7
125.3
75.8
178. 1
117.8
158.2
205.3
127.3
126.6
127.2
178.5
209.3
137.9
152.4
110.2
154.4
122.5
217. 1
139.3
159.3
125.8
76.2
179.0
118.4
159.0
206.3
127.3
127.2
127.6
6.3
8.8
7.0
6.9
3. 1
9.7
.7
12.7
4.6
5.7
7. 1
3.5
6.7
1.8
13. 1
10.4
4.0
4.3
13.3
.3
.6
.4
.5
-.2
1.0
.3
.8
.7
.4
.4
.5
.5
.5
.5
.5
0
.5
.3
211.9
218. 0
209.7
215. 1
220. 1
176.6
188.5
208.2
190.4
197.2
191.9
174. 7
213.5
219.7
214.8
216.6
220.6
176.9
189.2
208.9
190.9
197.9
192.6
174. 7
9.2
8.9
9.2
9.0
10.2
6.2
7. 1
12.7
7.3
8.0
8. 1
5.0
172.0
172.9
169. 1
308.8
321.4
194.6
152.4
136.4
148.2
147. 0
160.2
172. 1
146.6
175.5
171.4
146.8
212.6
178.5
140. 1
174. 1
130.2
241.4
140.6
179. 7
177.8
181.3
225. 6
176.8
146. 0
160.9
131.9
101.5
179.2
104.5
94.4
128.7
95.6
134.2
104.6
172.7
174.3
170.9
311.9
325.9
195.7
155.2
137.2
151.4
147.9
161. 1
172.8
146.6
176.3
172.3
148.5
210.7
180.2
141.9
175.0
133.0
241.6
140.4
180.5
178.0
182.5
227.4
177.7
147.3
161.3
131.8
101.2
180.3
104. 1
94. 1
128.5
95.2
134.3
104.8
6.3
6.3
10.4
10.8
12.3
8. 1
7.8
8.4
15.2
5.5
8.3
11.4
9.4
6.7
6.2
5.6
9.2
7. 1
2. 1
.5
7.7
7.8
7.7
7.3
5.6
8.6
14.6
6.3
6.0
4.5
2.4
-1.7
7.3
-.9
-2.4
3.5
-.5
4.6
1.0
2.4
.7
.2
.2
.4
.3
.3
.4
.4
.4
.8
1.1
1.0
1.4
.6
1.8
.6
2.2
.6
.6
.4
0
.5
.5
1.2
-.9
1.0
1.3
.5
2.2
.1
-. 1
.4
.1
.7
.8
.5
.9
.2
-. 1
-.3
.6
-.4
-. 3
-.2
-.4
.1
.2
Table 4. CPI —nonfood commodities and services, U.S. city average—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Item and group
November
1977
Health and recreation—Continued
Reading and recreation—Continued
Recreational goods—Continued
Basketballs, rubber or vinyl cover
Fishing rods, fresh-water spincasting
Bowling balls
Bicycles, boys'
Tricycles
Dog food, canned or boxed
Recreational services
Indoor movie admissions
Adult
Children's
Drive-in movie admissions
Bowling fees, evening
Golf green fees
r
TV repair
Film developing
Reading and education:
Newspapers, street sale and delivery
Magazines, single copy and subscription
Piano lessons, beginner
Other goods and services
Tobacco products
Cigarettes, nonfilter tip, regular size
Cigarettes, filter tip, king size
Cigars, domestic, regular size
Alcoholic beverages
Beer, at home
Whiskey, spirit blended and straight bourbon
Wine, dessert and table
Beer, away from home
Financial and miscellaneous personal expenses:
Funeral services, adult
Bank service charges, checking account
Legal services, short form will
1
Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately.
Also includes home purchase costs not shown separately.
Also includes pine shelving, furnace filters, packaged dry cement mix, and shrubbery
not shown separately.
4
Also includes window shades, nails, carpet sweepers, air deodorizers, steel wool
scouring pads, envelopes, reupholstering, and moving expenses.
5
Priced only in season.
6
Also includes men's sport shirts, women's and girls' lightweight coats, women's
slacks, bathing suits, girls' shorts, earrings, and zippers not shown separately.
2
3
26
Percent change to
Indexes
Other
index
base
7
December 1977 from—
December
1977
December
1976
November
1977
3.1
2.5
0.5
•2
-.4
-.9
.3
.5
0
.1
.2
-.2
-.4
-. 1
150.5
128. 1
134. 6
147.6
158.6
187. 7
164. 1
185. 1
175.5
212.5
194.5
161.2
(5)
111.3
120.7
151.2
128.3
134. 1
146.2
159.0
188.6
164. 1
185.3
175.8
212. 1
193.8
161.5 1
()
111.9
120.7
196. 1
203.5
157.7
162.4
172.8
175.9
175.5
136.7
153.2
147.6
118.8
166.3
176.5
196.6
214.2
158. 1
162.7
173.0
176. 1
175.7
137.0
153.2
147.2
118.8
167.4
176.7
4^3
5.7
3.5
2.5
1.0
6.2
5.9
6 4
(5)
2.4
-2.3
6. 1
10.4
4.9
4.4
5.7
6.1
5.6
3.2
3.0
1.0
2.7
5.3
4.6
158.8
135.7
216. 1
159.5
136.0
219. 6
4.8
3. 1
7.9
.9
5
.3
5.3
.3
.2
.1
.1
.1
.2
0
-.3
0
.7
.1
.4
.2
1.6
Not available.
Also includes storage batteries and drivers' license fees not shown separately.
9
Includes prices for water pump replacement, motor tune-up, automatic transmission repair, front-end alignment, and chassis lubrication; does not include prices for
auto body repairs. In the CPI this component represents consumers' direct, out-ofpocket expenses for automobile repairs and maintenance.
I
° Also includes health insurance not shown separately.
I1
Also includes outboard motors, nondurable toys, college tuition fees, paperback
books, and college textbooks, not shown separately.
8
Table 4-A. CPI — nonfood commodities and services, U.S. 1977 annual average
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*100)
Item and group
Other
index
base
Housing
Shelter'
Rent, residential
Homeownership 2
Mortgage interest rates
Property taxes
Property insurance premium
Maintenance and repairs
Maintenance and repair commodities 3
Exterior house paint
Interior house paint
Maintenance and repair services
Repainting living and dining
rooms
Reshingling house roof
Residing house
Replacing sink
Repairing furnace
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Fuel oil, No. 2
Gas and electricity
Gas
Electricity
Other utilities:
Residential telephone services
Residential water and sewerage
services
Household furnishings and operation *
Housefumishings
Textiles
Sheets, full, flat
Curtains, tailored
Bedspreads
Drapery fabrics
Pillows, bed
Slipcovers and throws, ready-made . .
Furniture and bedding
Bedroom furniture, chest and
dresser
Sofas, upholstered
,
Cocktail tables
Dining room chairs
,
Recliners, upholstered
Sofas, dual purpose
Bedding, mattress and box springs
Aluminum folding chairs
,
Cribs
Floor coverings
,
Broadloom carpeting
Vinyl sheet goods
Vinyl floor tile
Appliances (excluding radio and TV)
Washing machines, electric
Vacuum cleaners
Refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers,
electric
Ranges, free standing, gas or
electric
Clothes dryers, electric
Air conditioners, demountable
Room heaters, electric, portable
Garbage disposal units
Other housefumishings:
Dinnerware, fine china
Flatware, stainless steel
Table lamps, with shade
Lawn mowers, power, rotary type . . .
Electric drills, hand-held
Housekeeping supplies:
Laundry soaps and detergents
Paper napkins
Toilet tissue
Housekeeping services:
Domestic services, general
housework
Baby sitter services
Postal charges
Laundry, flatwork, finished service
Licensed day care services, preschool
Mar. 70
Dec. 71
Mar. 70
Dec. 71
June 70
child
Washing machine repairs
See foonotes at end of table.
27
Percent change
Indexes
1976
1977
From 1976
to 1977
177.2
179.0
144.7
191.7
140.9
167.6
144.3
199.6
168.2
163.0
151.7
213.2
189.
191.
153.
204.
138.
182.
154.
214.
179.
169.
158.
229.
6
1
5
9
5
3
2
7
8
8
3
8
7.0
6.8
6. 1
6.9
-1.7
8.8
6.9
7.6
6.9
4.2
4.4
7.8
225,6
233.4
200. 7
210.2
207. 1
182.7
250.8
247.2
4
189.0
4
201.2
177.6
241.
252.
217.
223.
224.
202.
283.
280.
213.
239.
189.
1
0
9
5
6
2
4
2
4
3
3
7.0
8.0
8.6
6.3
8.5
10.7
129.8
131. 3
1.2
188.7
168.5
150.7
148.3
153.4
144.3
149. 1
178.2
125.9
137.7
152.2
209.
177.
156.
155.
151.
147.
163.
195.
133.
142.
157.
1
0
5
8
6
3
3
3
5
4
9
10.8
5.0
3.8
5. 1
-1.2
2. 1
9.5
9.6
6.0
3.4
3.7
133.3
141.2
130.7
136.6
112.0
139.0
134.3
178.3
154.0
136.5
124.4
164. 1
165. 0
135.3
141.0
121.0
139.
144.
131.
145.
114.
142.
138.
190.
164.
140.
127.
171.
171.
140.
145.
125.
8
3
1
3
1
0
7
6
0
6
3
5
1
1
5
3
4.9
2.2
.3
6.4
1.9
2.2
3.3
6.9
6.5
3.0
2.3
4.5
3.7
3.5
3.2
3.6
134.8
139. 7
3.6
138.7
148.6
129.5
130.3
134.3
143.
155.
135.
134.
139.
4
1
1
2
3
3.4
4.4
4.3
3.0
3.7
190.6
181.3
148.2
163.6
128.3
203.
185.
152.
168.
131.
7
9
0
1
0
6.9
2.5
2.6
2.8
2. 1
174.9
219.9
234.4
186. 0
238. 7
264. 7
6.3
8.5
12.9
211.2
214.6
222.3
203.9
221.
227.
225.
222.
6
3
6
3
4.9
5.9
1.5
9.0
162.8
200.4
172. 2
210. 4
5.8
5.0
13.0
13.3
12.9
18.9
6.6
Table 4-A. CPI-nonfood commodities and services, U.S. 1977 annual average —Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967 s 100)
Other
index
base
Item and group
Apparel and upkeep 6
Apparel commodities
Apparel commodities less footwear
Men's and boys'
Men's:
Topcoats and all-weather coats
Suits, year round weight
Sport jackets
Jackets, lightweight
Slacks, heavyweight
Slacks, lightweight
Trousers, work
Shirts, work
Shirts, business or dress
T-shirts
Socks
'
Handkerchiefs '.
Boys':
Coats, heavyweight . . . .
Sport coats, wool or wool blends . . .
Dungarees
Undershorts
Women's and girls'
Women's:
Coats, heavyweight
Carcoats, heavyweight
Sweaters
Skirts, winter weight
Skirts, summer weight
June 74
Blouses
Dresses, street, year round weight . . .
Slips
Panties
Girdles
Brassieres
Hose or panty hose, nylon
Anklets or knee-length socks
Gloves, fabric
Handbags
Girls':
Raincoats
Skirts, fall and winter
Dresses
Slacks, fall and winter.
Slips
Handbags
Other apparel commodities
Diapers
Yard goods
Wrist watches, men's and women's
Footwear
Men's:
Shoes, street
Shoes, work, high
Women's:
Shoes, street, pump
Shoes, evening, pump
Shoes, casual
Houseslippers, scuff
Children's:
Shoes, oxford
Sneakers, boys', oxford type
Dress shoes, girls'
Apparel services:
Drycleaning
Automatic laundry service
Laundry, men's shirts
Tailoring charges
Shoe repairs
Transportation
Private 7
Automobiles, new
Automobiles, used
Gasoline, regular, premium, and unleaded . . .
Motor oil
Tires
Auto repairs (mechanical) and maintenance
Auto insurance premiums
Auto registration fees
Parking fees, private and municipal
8
See footnotes at end of table.
28
Percent change
Indexes
1977
From 1976
to 1977
147.6
145.8
144.9
147.2
154.2
151.6
150.6
154.0
4.5
4. 0
3.9
4.6
149.4
140.8
97.6
139. 1
120.1
145.9
161.0
159. 1
133. 1
159.2
134.7
161.9
154.6
140.8
95.1
146.8
118.6
151. 1
174.0
173.2
143.5
176.6
139.2
171.6
3.5
0
-2.6
5.5
-1.2
3.6
8. 1
8.9
7.8
118.9
126.4
190.0
156.4
141.9
123.6
129.9
205.7
169.3
146.4
4.0
2.8
8.3
8.2
3.2
149.3
156.0
139.4
157.3
146.8
142.8
149.3
125.2
150.3
133.5
150.4
92.4
135.2
129.0
170.5
155.5
157.0
146.9
159.0
153.8
147.5
154.8
135.2
158.8
137.5
156.3
92.8
140. 1
131. 1
173.3
4.2
.6
5.4
1. 1
4.8
3.3
3.7
8.0
5.7
3.0
3.9
.4
3.6
1.6
1.6
130.8
156.3
134.3
171.2
134.6
140.7
153.0
190.2
160.4
140.2
149.9
126. 1
156.4
137.3
176.6
143. 1
151.7
160.9
208.6
172.3
142.2
156.9
-3.6
.1
2.2
3.2
6.3
7.8
5.2
9.7
7.4
1.4
4. 7
155.3
170.6
165*0
183.5
6.2
7. 6
143.0
134.8
151.5
146.8
147. 1
140.0
158.0
152.4
2.9
3.9
4.3
3.8
151.9
149.4
159.7
159.1
154.9
166.5
4.7
3.7
4.3
160.6
143.4
164.9
161.9
149.6
170.8
157.8
177.6
172.3
162. 1
6.4
10. 0
7.7
6.4
8.4
165.5
164.6
135.7
167.9
177.9
159.7
133.0
189.7
187.9
132.8
183.9
177.2
176.6
142.6
182.8
188.2
166.2
137.7
203. 7
210.5
141.0
194.5
7. 1
7.3
5.3
8.9
5.8
4.1
3.5
7.4
12.0
6.2
5.8
1976
10.9
3.3
6.0
Table 4-A. CPI — nonfood commodities and services, U.S. 1977 annual average—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Item and group
__
1977
From 1976
to 1977
174.2
173.3
176.9
165.3
172.2
196.9
182. 4
178. 5
189. 9
180. 6
182. 0
223. 5
4.7
3.0
7.3
9.3
5.7
13.5
163.3
184.7
126.0
138.9
105.7
139.0
120.5
182.8
131. 1
145.5
115.2
73.0
163.8
113.2
136. 1
181.4
121. 1
121.0
110.5
173. 7
202. 4
134. 1
148. 5
108. 8
148. 0
122. 2
209. 4
136. 0
155. 6
122. 1
173. 5
117. 3
151. 0
200. 8
125. 5
124. 9
120. 8
6.4
9.6
6.4
6.9
2.9
6.5
1.4
14.6
3.7
6.9
6.0
2.7
5.9
3.6
10.9
10.7
3.6
3.2
9.3
188.5
193.8
189.8
192. 1
192.7
163.9
169.3
179.2
172.2
177.4
171.5
162.3
206. 0
212. 1
205. 7
207. 8
213. 1
173. 0
183. 7
200. 2
185. 1
191. 5
186. 3
171. 0
158.9
160.5
148.7
268.6
274.8
174.6
140.7
123.2
129.3
136.6
144.0
148.8
130.5
160.5
158.5
137.7
193.5
163.3
135.0
166.5
120.3
217. 1
128.6
162.5
163.3
162.0
186.6
162.5
135.7
151.2
127.4
102.9
166. 1
105.2
168. 2
169. 4
164. 1
299. 5
311. 3
189. 4
149. 8
132. 4
142. 3
145. 1
155. 6
165. 6
141. 6
170. 9
167. 5
144. 1
205. 5
174. 1
139. 5
173. 4
126. 4
234. 1
136. 3
174. 4
173. 8
175. 0
210. 5
173. 0
143. 1
157. 9
130. 5
101. 7
175. 0
105. 0
1976
Transportation—Continued
Public
Local transit fares
Taxicab fares
Railroad fares, coach
Airplane fares, chiefly coach
Bus fares, intercity
Health and recreation
Medical care *
Drugs and prescriptions
Over-the-counter items
Multiple vitamin concentrates
Aspirin compounds
Liquid tonics
Adhesive bandages, packages
Cold tablets or capsules
Cough syrup
Prescriptions
Anti-infectives
Sedative and hypnotics
Ataractics
Antispasmodics
Cough preparations
Cardiovasculars and antihypertensives . . .
Analgesics, internal
Hormones
Professional services:
Physicians' fees
General physician, office visits
General physician, house visits
Obstetrical cases
Pediatric care, office visits
Psychiatrist, office visits.
Herniorrhapy, adult
Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
Dentists' fees
Fillings, adult, amalgam, one surface . . . .
Extractions, adult
Dentures, full upper
Other professional services:
Examination, prescription, and dispensing
of eyeglasses
Routine laboratory tests
Hospital service charges
Semiprivate rooms
Operating room charges
X-ray, diagnostic series, upper Gl
Laboratory tests
Anti-infectives
Tranquilizers
Electrocardiogram
Intravenous solution
Physical therapy
Oxygen, inhalation therapy
Personal care
Toilet goods
Toothpaste, standard dentifrice
Toilet soap, hard-milled
Hand lotions
Shaving cream.
Face powder
Deodorants
Cleansing tissues
Home permanent wave kits
Personal care services
Men's haircuts
Beauty shop services
Women's haircuts
Shampoo and wave sets, plain
,
Permanent waves, cold
10
Reading and recreation .
Recreational goods
TV sets, portable and console
,
TV replacement tubes
Radios, portable and table models
Tape recorders, portable
Phonograph records, stereophonic
Movie cameras, 8mm
Film, 35mm, color
Golf balls
Jan. 72
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
Jan.
72
72
72
72
72
72
72
95.9
123.7
95.5
125.3
104.0
See footnotes at end of table.
Percent change
Indexes
Other
index
29
75. 0
9.3
9.4
8.4
8.2
10.6
5.6
8.5
11.7
7.5
7.9
8.6
5.4
5.9
5.5
10.4
11.5
13.3
8.5
6.5
7.5
10. 1
6.2
8. 1
11.3
8.5
6.5
5.7
95. 9
4.6
6.2
6.6
3.3
4. 1
5. 1
7.8
6.0
7.3
6.4
8.0
12.8
6.5
5.5
4.4
2.4
-1.2
5.4
-.2
-.8
1.7
.4
132. 6
104. 5
5.8
.5
95. 1
125. 8
Table 4-A. CPI —nonfood commodities and services, U.S. 1977 annual average —Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Item and group
Health and recreation—Continued
Reading and recreation—Continued
Recreational goods—Continued
Basketballs, rubber or vinyl cover
Fishing rods, fresh-water spincasting
Bowling balls
Bicycles, boys'
Tricycles
Dog food, canned or boxed
Recreational services
Indoor movie admissions
Adult
Children's
Drive-in movie admissions
Bowling fees, evening
Golf green fees
TV repair
Film developing
Reading and education:
Newspapers, street sale and delivery
Magazines, single copy and subscription
Piano lessons, beginner
Other goods and services
Tobacco products
Cigarettes, nonfilter tip, regular size
Cigarettes, filter tip, king size
Cigars, domestic, regular size
Alcoholic beverages
Beer, at home
Whiskey, spirit blended and straight bourbon
Wine, dessert and table
Beer, away from home
Financial and miscellaneous personal expenses:
Funeral services, adult
Bank service charges, checking account
Legal services, short form will
Also includes hotel and motel rates not shown separately.
Also includes home purchase costs not shown separately.
Also includes pine shelving, furnace filters, packaged dry cement mix, and shrubbery
not shown separately.
Revised.
Also includes window shades, nails, carpet sweepers, air deodorizers, steel wool
scouring pads, envelopes, reupholstering, and moving expenses.
6
Also includes men's sport shirts, women's and girls' lightweight coats, women's
slacks, bathing suits, girls' shorts, earrings, and zippers not shown separately.
30
Percent change
Indexes
Other
index
1
From 1976
to 1977
1976
1977
147.4
124.3
130.2
145.2
150.0
171.8
155.3
177.5
171.7
193.8
179.8
146.8
166.5
107. 1
123.9
149.5
127.8
134.2
147. 1
155.2
183.4
161.9
185.0
176.9
208. 1
190. 0
155.2
173.3
110. 1
121.8
1.4
2.8
3. 1
1.3
3.5
6.8
4.2
4.2
3.0
7.4
5.7
5.7
4. 1
2.8
-1.7
182. 1
185. 1
145.6
153.3
160.5
162.7
163.2
129.9
146.8
143.7
116.0
157.4
165.5
192.2
201.5
154.0
159.2
168.2
170.6
171.0
135.0
150.9
145.9
117.5
161.9
173.5
5.5
8.9
5.8
3.8
4.8
4.9
4.8
3.9
2.8
1.5
1.3
2.9
4.8
149.8
127.3
199.9
156.3
133.5
213.8
4.3
4.9
7.0
Also includes storage batteries and drivers' license fees not shown separately.
Includes prices for water pump replacement, motor tune-up, automatic transmission repair, front-end alignment, and chassis lubrication; does not include prices for
auto body repairs. In the CPI this component represents consumers' direct, out-ofpocket expenses for automobile repairs and maintenance.
9
Also includes health insurance not shown separately.
10
Also includes outboard motors, nondurable toys, college tuition fees, paperback
books, and college textbooks, not shown separately.
8
Table 5. CPI—selected areas, all items index
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers)
Area 1
U.S. city average
.
. .
.
Chicago
Detroit
Los Angeles—Long Beach
N.Y.-Northeastern NJ
Philadelphia
Boston
Houston
Minneapolis—St
Pittsburgh
Indexes
Pricing
schedule 2
1967=100
Buffalo
Cleveland
Dallas
Milwaukee
San Diego
Seattle
Washington
.
December 1977
December
1976
186. 1
216.4
6.8
1.1
0.4
M
M
M
M
M
180.0
184.4
184.4
188.8
186.9
204.5
211.9
216.8
224.7
218.3
6.4
6.5
6.7
5. 1
6.5
.8
.9
1.5
.8
.2
.3
-. 1
.8
.2
-.3
October 1977
October
1976
July
1977
222.5
220.5
216.7
211.0
5.5
5.9
7.8
7.4
0.7
November 1977
November
1976
185.7
192.7
187.0
183.5
185. 1
184.4
183.8
181.6
186.6
182.5
188. 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
203. 5
3
198.7
196. 1
214.4
219. 1
184.5
190.7
186.7
174.9
182.7
180.5
187.3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Kansas City
St Louis
San Francisco—Oakland
1
Area coverage includes the urban portion of the corresponding Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) except for New York and Chicago which have more
extensive Standard Consolidated Areas. Area definitions were established for the 1960
Census and exclude revisions made since 1960.
2
Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all cities; most other
goods and services priced as indicated:
M — Every month.
1 - January, April, July, and October.
3
4
5
212.2
221.4
211.9
5
August
1977
1.3
1.8
.8
1.6
6.6
7. 0
6. 5
7.3
8.7
205.0
4
.6
1.4
1.6
6.5
208.2
December 1977
Atlanta
September November
1977
1977
M
1
1
1
1
Paul
Percent change f r<>m:
Other
bases
1957-59=100
1.4
1. 3
7.8
1.4
December
1976
September
1977
7.3
6.9
7.0
5.7
7.0
7.3
8.7
0.8
1.0
.8
.9
1.2
.8
1.8
188.6
216.8
210.8
222.8
2 - February, May, August, and November.
3 - March, June, September, and December.
November 1963=100.
February 1965=100.
December 1963=100.
NOTE: Price changes within areas are found in the Consumer Price Index; differences
in living costs among areas are found in family budgets.
Table 6. CPI—areas 1 priced monthly, by expenditure class, percent change from November 1977 to December 1977
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Expenditure class
U.S.
city
average
Chicago
Detroit
Los AngelesLong Beach
New YorkNortheastern
New Jersey
Philadelphia
All items
0.4
0.3
-0. 1
0.8
0.2
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care.
Reading and recreation .
Other goods and services
.4
.6
-.2
.1
.3
.6
.5
.2
.2
.9
.2
-.3
.4
.3
.3
2
( )
.3
.2
.2
0
-.5
0
-.2
-. 1
.9
1.5
.5
-.2
.3
0
. 1
.4
-.3
.2
.2
.8
. 1
-.8
-.5
-. 1
. 1
-.2
(2)
.2
-.6
(2)
. 1
-.5
.2
Not available.
See footnote 1, table 5.
31
.5
.2
-0.3
.6
Table 7. CPI - selected areas1, by expenditure class
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical worker*, 1967-100)
Expenditure class
U.S.
city
Chicago
Detroit
average
Los AngelesLong Beach
New Y o r k Northeastern
New Jersey
Philadelphia
Indexes, December 1977
All items
186. 1
180.0
184.4
184.4
188.8
186.9
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
196.3
193.7
189.0
182. 1
176.9
192.5
228.6
206.2
196.9
195.7
191.2
188.3
171.4
206.7
224.9
201.6
191.0
187.2
197.2
174.0
176.8
174.3
222.8
207.7
191.7
190.4
188.6
182.4
164.8
186. 1
225.2
194.9
198.6
198.9
194.8
180.8
180.3
206.0
242. 9
197.9
202.8
199.2
200.2
186.3
181.2
199.7
236.3
218.5
Housing
Shelter
,
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation,
195.7
198.2
157.9
213.0
207.6
291.9
218.9
181. 1
178.0
179.0
197. 1
207.0
199. 1
175.5
195.4
193.7
174.9
207.0
223.3
299.6
248.9
183.6
193. 1
199.4
193.8
183.0
287.5
194.5
171.4
188.3
192. 1
155.2
199.3
208.9
296. 1
223.1
163.2
206.8
197.5
285.9
202.4
179.0
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
158.2
157.8
150.4
159.6
144.9
134.5
137.2
150.8
148.4
154.0
132.5
150.2
148.3
141.5
142.8
151.6
153.5
141.8
148.0
157.6
145.0
151. 1
124.7
153.5
Transportation
Private
Public
178.8
178.0
185.7
182.6
181.9
186.9
177.5
177.5
175.3
179.9
181.5
150.3
195.9
186.0
233.8
185.5
186.6
179.3
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
178.5
209.3
176.3
161.3
162.7
180.4
213.6
175.8
161.9
166.7
192.7
244.7
174.6
210.6
163.0
147. 1
162.4
183.5
233.0
182.5
226.4
2
( )
2
( )
159.8
168. 1
2
( )
220.9
169.4
_
2
( )
166.8
163.3
(2)
(2)
161.4
163.2
Percent changes, September 1977 to December 1977
All items
1. 1
0.8
0.9
1.5
0.8
0.2
Food
.9
.8
2.2
0
.9
1.6
1.8
1. 1
1. 1
2. 1
9.3
2.9
1.5
2.4
7.6
.9
3.6
.4
.7
3.7
1.3
1.6
4.2
-.4
5. 1
-1.7
.9
.7
2.2
1.8
1.2
5.4
-5.2
-1.5
-1.0
-1.4
.9
1.5
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation
1.6
1.8
1.7
1.9
1.0
2.4
.4
1.2
1.3
1.0
(2)
.9
2.7
2.9
3.3
1.2
.8
.8
2.5
3.2
(2)
3.8
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
1.3
1.3
1.2
.9
-1.0
-2.2
-2.2
.2
.3
.1
.1
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
Transportation
Private
Public
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
,
1.4
1.2
,
-.5
.6
3.7
3
1.0
.5
1.6
3.6
1.6
.4
.3
-.5
0
.7
.1
.1
.9
1.8
.7
1.4
1.5
2.0
.9
1.3
1.5
1.0
.6
(2)
.8
1.5
1. 1
1.4
2.0
1.2
See footnotes at end of table.
-.3
.2
32
-. 1
m
-.4
.6
2. 1
1. 1
5.9
.3
.5
.7
.9
.9
.5
-1. 1
-2.6
-1.3
2.4
.2
3.9
-4.5
-1.8
.4
.4
1.7
3
1.8
(2)
-3.5
1.5
3.6
1.8
1.7
-1.0
.2
1.2
-1.4
-1.0
-1.1
.6
.6
.4
-.2
-.2
.2
.8
1.6
2
( )
-.7
.2
.8
-.2
(2)
1.6
1.6
.7
1. 1
1.2
1.6
.8
1.0
.2
Table 7. CPI - selected areas1, by expenditure class—Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967=100)
Expenditure class
Atlanta
Baltimore
Cincinnati
Honolulu
Kansas
City
St.
Louis
San
FranciscoOakland
Indexes, December 1977
All items
184.5
190.7
186.7
174.9
182.7
180.5
187.3
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products . . . .
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
201, Z
199.8
198. 1
182.3
196.6
205.2
223,0
205.2
199.8
197.2
185.5
186.5
176.2
197.0
236.5
210.0
202.8
204.4
198. 1
188.6
181. 1
207,5
248.6
196.5
198.3
194.6
178.8
191.9
191.2
197.2
213.4
208.7
197.6
193. 1
185.2
178.9
190.3
187. 7
233.3
211.9
195.5
194.0
199.3
175.2
181.7
194.0
229.2
202.6
192.6
193.9
185.2
188.7
169.6
183.4
235.8
188.2
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
,
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation,
193.4
195.9
138. 2
212.9
202.4
191.6
189.4
138.4
213.0
237.6
166.2
162. 1
166.8
159.0
186.6
189.4
192.9
135.4
215.4
195. 1
260.5
170.8
210. 1
167.0
235.4
177. 1
183.7
182.5
130. 1
197.5
193.8
297.7
205.0
179.6
203.4
210.0
171. 1
229.6
202.0
215.4
183.5
211f 2
222.2
148. 1
253.4
211.0
292, 1
226.2
186.2
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
158.7
170.5
149.0
137.3
164.8
167,4
147,7
171.4
166. 1
160.6
163.2
175.9
155.5
154.3
141,8
153.9
167.0
180.7
158. 1
169.3
154.3
151.9
146.2
164.3
153.0
153.5
144.3
152.2
Transportation
Private
Public
164.6
169.6
99.4
169.2
170.0
163.3
167.7
173.8
120,4
161.6
168.2
126.5
172.7
173.5
155.7
170. 1
175.3
108. 1
179.8
180.9
157.8
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
180.6
217.3
180.8
160.6
148.7
177.6
211.5
168.9
158.9
170.4
182.7
225,7
171.0
151.0
175.2
176.2
211.3
184.8
166.3
145.6
173.5
196.3
178.2
152.7
167.2
176.5
192. 7
179.0
160,6
169.7
176.2
206.2
172,6
153.8
158.9
195.0
182,9
Percent changes, September 1977 to December 1977
All items
,
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation.
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and boys'
Footwear
Transportation
Private
Public
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
0.8
0.9
1.2
0.8
1.8
.7
.6
.6
.8
4,0
6
1.2
1.4
3.7
.7
.2
3.5
0
.5
.8
.8
.8
. 1
3. 1
5.7
-2.2
.6
-.2
-.4
1.4
-1.0
-1.5
5.0
-3.4
1.0
1.3
1. 1
2.4
1.0
.7
6.8
-2.4
1. 7
3
2
5
1
2. 1
.4
.6
1. 1
.3
-.2
1.7
2.3
1.6
2.5
1.8
3. 1
5. 1
2.5
6. 1
-5.6
2~. 9
.8
.5
2.5
. 1
1. 1
1.4
1.3
1.4
.8
3. 7
0
. 7
-10". 8
.9
-.9
.5
-.8
1. 1
.4
1. 1
1.2
1.7
.3
3.8
.9
.3
.7
-.9
.8
1. 1
.2
.3
2.4
.5
-1. 1
1. 1
. 1
.9
.8
-.2
-.3
,4
-. 1
-.2
.6
1. 1
1.2
0
1.2
1.2
.7
.3
.3
.6
1.2
1.2
.8
.4
0
1.3
. 1
1.3
.7
1.0
1.0
.8
.5
.4
.4
.4
.7
.2
.8
.7
1.7
.8
.5
.8
1.6
.6
. 1
.5
1.5
1.2
2.6
2. 1
.8
. 7
.6
-.2
1. 1
1. 1
0.8
1.0
.6
.5
5.0
-.3
1.0
1.0
-1.4
.9
.2
.2
3,7
-.7
1.5
-.3
-1.0
.5
1.4
1. 7
.9
1.9
.3
2.4
1.5
1.8
1.5
7.4
3. 1
11.3
1.2
-.3
.4
-3.4
-1.5
.4
1.4
3
See footnote 1, table 5,
Not available.
33
Change from October 1977.
Table 7-A. CPI — selected areas1, 1977 annual average, by expenditure class
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers)
Expenditure class
U.S.
city
average
Chicago
Detroit
Los AngelesLong Beach
New Y o r k Northeastern
New Jersey
Philadelphia
Indexes(1967-100)
All items
All items (1957-59=100)
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
181.5
211. 1
192.2
190.2
183.5
178.4
173.9
191.6
224. 1
200.3
175.6
199.5
191.0
189.4
184.4
180.6
166.0
197.2
223.6
197.3
180.4
207.3
186,4
183.5
193.7
171.9
173.9
171.0
215.5
199.2
179.6
211.2
185.8
184. 3
182.6
176. 1
158.7
179.6
219.5
189.7
185.5
238.6
195.4
196.2
186.8
177.9
177.7
209.8
238. 1
193.3
183.5
214.3
198.4
194.7
194. 1
184.4
176.4
196.9
227. 1
214.5
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation.
189.6
191. 1
153.5
204. 9
202.2
283.4
213.4
177.0
172.9
173.0
190. 1
198.8
212. 1
166.4
195.2
171.2
191.8
189.9
171.0
203.4
221.9
291.2
250,8
179.3
190.8
199.7
186.6
179.3
278. 1
190.9
168.4
184.6
188.0
150.4
195.4
205.6
285.7
222.9
160.5
208.4
192.5
275.2
196.3
173.6
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
154.2
154.0
146.4
156.9
142.3
134. 1
134.3
150.0
146.7
154.3
130.9
150.8
144.8
137.9
139.7
149. 0
149.3
140.4
142. 4
153.8
143.0
147.8
123.9
153.2
Transportation
Private
Public
177.2
176.6
182.4
181.3
181.0
183.4
174.7
174.8
172.6
179.9
181.7
147.6
194. 1
184.3
231.8
181.7
183.7
170.3
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
173.7
202.4
170.9
157.9
159.2
175.4
207.4
169.7
158.2
162.4
186.8
234.8
170.5
204.2
158.5
145.2
159.3
180.0
217. 1
178.2
220. 6
164.0
162.9
157.8
159.6
-
„
156.9
164.1
-
_
.
Percent changes, 1976-77
All items.
6.5
6.4
6.9
6.9
5.2
6.4
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
6.3
6.0
1.6
6.1
5.7
6.7
-.7
2.5
6.2
5.9
5.0
-.3
3.9
7.8
7. 1
5.4
5.7
6. 1
-.6
,
,
,
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation .
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys.'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
,
,
Transportation
Private
Public
,
,
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
,
2.7
9.2
18.0
11.4
18.3
7.0
6.8
6.1
6.9
6.5
6.3
.
7.2
9.3
7.6
7.4
10.7
13.0
12.9
15.4
12.0
.1
1. 1
-1. 1
1.3
9.8
3.0
9.3
18.3
16.5
8.6
6.7
6.1
6.3
6.0
7.5
8.5
5.3
4. 7
6.3
5.9
13.3
14.9
14.0
3. 1
8.0
8.4
4.6
4.5
5.2
4.2
8.8
12.5
11.6
4.2
6. 1
4.4
3.0
1.8
.3
5.2
3.3
1.8
2.2
2.4
3.9
3. 0
3. 1
.4
1.9
5.2
7. 1
8.4
8.6
6.9
9.1
9.6
6.6
9.9
8.9
4.2
3.8
7.6
7.3
4.7
6.4
9.6
6.5
4.4
3.8
34
5.3
.2
3.6
8.4
19.9
4.9
5.0
6.6
16.8
6.9
4.5
4.6
3.2
4.7
See footnotes at end of table.
6.7
2.6
2.4
12.1
3.1
4.9
4.5
3.2
7.2
7. 1
11.9
6.5
9.2
6.7
3.4
4.9
5.2
6.3
2.0
6.0
8.6
_
5.6
2.9
5~. 6
10.2
14.0
10.3
4.8
2.6
1.7
1. 1
1.9
9.9
9.6
11.7
6. 1
9.8
4.0
2.6
Table 7-A. CPI — selected areas1, 1977 annual average, by expenditure class —Continued
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers)
Expenditure class
Atlanta
Baltimore
Cincinnati
Kansas
City
St.
Louis
San
FranciscoOakland
171.0
184.4
193.0
189.0
172.8
186.9
187.9
190.7
206.4
204.5
178.3
211.6
193.0
189.2
181.8
175.3
182.7
182.0
222.4
205.2
176.5
206.2
192.8
192.1
193.6
172.8
180.0
193.6
228.8
196.3
180.8
215. 1
187.4
189.4
179.0
183. 1
166. 1
181.5
231.2
180.4
192.5
197.2
164. 7
213.4
187.8
Honolulu
Indexes (1967=100)
All items
All items (1957-59=100)
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home . . . .
Food away from home
179.6
206.6
196.4
195.6
190.4
178.5
190.5
208.2
216.8
198.9
185.9
215.8
195.9
193.6
176.7
183.6
172.7
201.6
228.9
205.0
182.2
206.7
197.8
199.9
193.5
184.7
178. 1
202.6
242.2
189.8
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation.
186.7
187.9
135.3
203.4
197.9
185.7
183.7
133.4
207. 1
226.3
162.9
160.0
163.5
157.6
175.5
183.3
185.6
131.3
206.8
189.4
209.3
179. 1
202.0
213. 1
143.9
242.2
193. 7
282.5
199.9
182.0
248.7
167.7
202. 7
163.8
226.4
174. 1
178.3
176.0
127.0
190.0
190. 0
287.8
200.5
175. 7
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and girls'
Footwear
153.9
163.8
147.0
135.9
162.5
165.2
144.9
170. 1
160.8
157.8
155. 6
171.0
152.2
150.3
139.4
151. 0
162.7
174.4
155. 1
165.6
151.2
149. 2
144.9
159. 0
150.8
153. 1
142.5
150.8
Transportation
Private
162.6
167.5
98. 1
168.4
169.5
160.7
167.3
173.5
119.5
159. 7
166. 1
125.6
170.7
171.5
154.2
168.8
174. 1
106.3
176.5
177. 6
155. 6
177. 1
214.0
175. 1
158.0
144.5
174.2
207. 6
164.4
155.8
167.6
178.8
220.6
167. 0
148.3
171.2
171.4
203.0
177.8
164.0
142.5
169.6
190.9
173.9
149.9
164.2
171.2
186.7
172.6
155.8
165.5
171.5
199.7
169.0
151. 0
154.3
Public
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
2
203.8
178. 7
Percent changes, 1976-77
6. 1
6.9
7. 1
5.0
7. 1
6.9
7.6
Food
Food at home
Cereals and bakery products
Meats, poultry, and fish
Dairy products
Fruits and vegetables
Other food at home
Food away from home
5. 7
5. 3
2.2
-2 6
4. 5
11.6
13.6
6.3
7.5
7.2
1.6
-1. 1
3.2
11.3
21.8
8.6
5.5
5.3
-2.0
2.2
4.5
7.6
15.6
5.9
6.7
5.2
1.5
-1. 1
2.4
7.6
15.8
11.4
6.8
6.6
1.5
-2. 1
4. 1
9. 1
7.8
7.6
2. 1
.7
3.8
Housing
Shelter
Rent, residential
Homeownership
Fuel and utilities
Fuel oil and coal
Gas and electricity
Household furnishings and operation.
6.6
5.3
3. 1
5.7
15.4
7.3
4. 1
7.6
3. 1
23.9
4.2
2.8
4.3
1.7
10.5
7.6
6.8
5.9
6.9
15.3
6. 0
32.4
6.1
8.0
4.5
21. 1
5.5
All items
5.9
.8
0
2. 1
11.5
16.3
7.3
7.9
8.7
8.8
6.2
9.5
11.7
14.5
14.4
14. 9
5.9
22.4
7. 7
6.9
6.5
5.5
6.7
8.9
23.8
8.3
8.9
8.5
7.4
8.8
16.6
11.4
9.5
15.7
4.8
11.4
6. 1
Apparel and upkeep
Men's and boys'
Women's and boys'
Footwear
6.9
5.7
8.6
5.7
5.5
6.3
4.5
4. 1
5. 1
5.4
3.9
5.3
3.7
4.4
2.7
4.6
13.2
6.0
5.2
6.7
6.8
7.3
4.0
3.7
4.0
1. 1
3.6
Transportation
Private
Public
5.7
5. 7
2.5
5.9
6. 1
4.6
7.2
6.9
3.9
4.4
1.3
6.6
6.8
1.8
6.1
6.3
2.5
7.0
7.2
3.7
Health and recreation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation
Other goods and services
6.0
8.5
6.5
4.2
2.6
5.8
7.7
5.5
4.2
5.7
6.9
11.5
6. 1
3.7
5.2
6.5
9.6
7.5
4. 1
3.9
7.2
10.5
5.6
5. 1
5.4
7. 1
10. 0
6.6
3.7
6.2
1
December 1963=100.
See footnote 1, table 5.
10. 1
7.0
12.0
6.3
2.8
4.8
35
9. 0
Table 8. CPI—food groups, selected areas
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers 1967=100)
Food at home
Area'
Total
food
Total
Cereals
and
bakery
products
Meats,
poultry,
and fish
Dairy
products
Fruits
and
vegetables
Other
foods
at
home
Food
away
from
home
Indexes, December 1977
U.S. city average
196.3
193.7
189.0
182. 1
176.9
192.5
228.6
206.2
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Buffalo
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Dallas
Detroit
Honolulu
Houston
Kansas City
Los Angeles—Long Beach
Milwaukee
Minneapolis—St. Paul . . .
N.Y.-Northeastern N.J .
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
St. Louis
San Diego
San Francisco—Oakland .
Seattle '.
Washington
201. 1
199.8
194.4
192.5
196.9
202.8
198.4
195.2
191.0
198.3
202.7
197.6
191.7
192.8
201.3
198.6
202.8
198.7
195.5
196.2
192.6
194.0
204. 1
199.8
197.2
191. 1
190.0
195.7
204.4
197.4
189.2
187.2
194.6
194.8
193. 1
190.4
190.0
193.9
198.9
199.2
195.2
194.0
184.6
193.9
192.8
198. 1
198. 1
185.5
193.0
181. 7
191.2
198. 1
194.3
187.8
197.2
178.8
186.0
185.2
188.6
185.2
200. 6
194.8
200.2
197.3
199.3
178.9
185.2
186.9
200.3
182.3
186.5
180. 1
178. 1
188.3
188.6
185.2
176. 1
174.0
191.9
187.8
178.9
182.4
183.6
185.2
180.8
186.3
188. 1
175.2
181.0
188.7
189.5
175.8
196.6
176.2
169.6
174.9
171.4
181. 1
186.4
174.9
176.8
191.2
189.4
190.3
164.8
182. 1
180.0
180.3
181.2
172.6
181.7
165.6
169.6
174. 1
163.8
205.2
197.0
185.9
186.7
206.7
207.5
186.0
189.3
174.3
197.2
199. 6
187. 7
186. 1
186.7
190.3
206.0
199.7
185.7
194.0
181.6
183.4
182.6
208. 1
223.0
236.5
231.6
227.9
224.9
248.6
235.0
214.8
222.8
213.4
210.0
223.3
225.2
211. 1
214. 1
242.9
236.3
229.8
229.2
210.9
235.8
223.6
246.2
205.2
210.0
206.3
206.6
201.6
196.5
204.4
217. 1
207.7
208.7
230.4
211.9
194.9
(*)
234. 1
197.9
218.5
219.8
202.6
(2)
188.2
197.7
219.2
Percent changes, November 1977 to December 1977
U.S. city average
0.4
0.4
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston
Buffalo
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Dallas
Detroit
.2
-. 1
.1
.4
Honolulu
1.2
.2
.6
.4
-.3
.1
.5
1. 1
.4
-.6
-.4
-. 1
1.5
.1
.6
1. 1
.4
.2
-.2
.1
0
.1
.5
.4
1.4
-. 1
Houston
Kansas City
Los Angeles-Long Beach . . .
Milwaukee
Minneapolis-St. Paul
N.Y.-Northeastern N.J
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
St. Louis
San Diego
San Francisco—Oakland
Seattle
Washington
1
.9
.5
-.5
-.2
.2
.9
.4
.3
. 1
.1
0
.2
.4
.5
1. 1
1.0
0. 1
0.2
2.0
-0.7
0.4
3.0
1.4
1.0
-1.8
3.6
1.5
-.2
.7
-.8
2.5
-1.6
.4
1.4
-1.2
.8
0
1.3
1.7
-.7
1.6
1.9
.3
.9
.6
.0
.6
.9
.3
.1
1.5
.0
.2
.0
.3
.1
.1
.1
.5
-. 1
-1.4
-. 1
-.2
.4
.5
1.6
-1.7
-. 1
.1
.2
0
-.9
.3
-1.5
-.7
.7
-.3
-3.4
-1.3
.5
-1. 1
-.6
.5
0
-.6
0
See footnote 1, table 5.
Not available.
36
.9
.6
-2.2
.1
.2
.3
2.4
1.5
1.3
1.4
-3.2
.1
-.3
-.5
-.7
.9
.2
1.4
1.5
1.3
3.0
4.8
.9
.9
1.0
1.8
3.6
2.5
3.4
3.0
4.0
1.8
.6
2.5
-.9
2. 1
.2
1.3
4.9
2.3
-.2
-2.2
.6
-.9
0
Q
.1
.1
.2
.1
.7
.2
.4
1. 1
.5
.5
.3
0
.9
.8
.2
.2
.8
(2)
-.9
-.5
-.6
0
.1
1. 1
.3
Table 9, CPI—gasoline indexes, U.S. city average and selected areas
(Consumer prict index for urban wage earner) and clerical workers, January 1976= 100)
Leaded regular gasoline
Percent change
:o December
1977 from—
Percent change
Index
Area'
November
1977
Premium gasoline
Unleaded regular gasoline
Index
to December
1977 from—
December November November
1977
1977
1977
December November
1977
1977
Percent change
to December
1977 from—
Index
November
1977
December November
1977
1977
U.S. city average
107.2
107.3
0. 1
109.8
109.9
0. 1
108.4
108,7
0.3
Atlanta
107.8
103.6
106.0
106.9
107.2
106.7
103.7
110. 1
106.3
105.2
109.0
107.8
107.5
107.3
103.4
105.9
106.6
110.3
106.8
103.6
110.2
106. 1
105.4
108.8
108.0
108.0
108.3
108. 1
102.5
105.5
107.4
106.5
106.7
109.3
111.6
105.8
-.5
-.2
-. 1
-.3
2.9
.1
-. 1
.1
-.2
.2
-.2
.2
.5
-. 1
.7
-.9
-.5
0
-1.8
.6
2. 1
.1
-. 1
113.3
107.5
112.0
108.5
109.4
109.9
108.3
113. 1
111.9
106.3
111.5
111.2
110.0
111.3
111.0
108.2
109.6
109.8
110.5
108.2
106.5
112.2
109.2
112.9
107.6
111.9
108.6
113.0
110. 1
108.3
112.8
111.7
106.8
111.2
111. 1
110.6
111.2
111.3
107.4
109.5
109.2
109.3
108.6
107.9
112.3
109.2
-.4
I
- 1
1
3 3
2
0
3
* 2
111.8
106.8
108.8
106.7
108.0
107.3
105. 7
110.9
109.8
105.3
109*2
108.7
108.2
109.3
109.2
106.6
107.8
109.2
108.9
106.6
105.8
111. 1
107.6
111.5
106.8
108.8
107.3
111.6
107.3
105. 6
110.9
109. 6
105.7
108.9
108.3
108.8
109.3
109.8
105.7
107.7
109.0
107.7
107.2
107.4
112.2
107.7
-.3
0
0
Baltimore
Boston
Buffalo
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Dallas
Detroit
Honolulu . i
Houston
Kansas City
Los Angeles--Long Beach.
Milwaukee
Minneapolis-St. P a u l . . . .
N.Y.-Northeastem N.J ..
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
St. Louis
San Diego . . . . .
San Franciico-Oakland..
Seattle
Washington
108.4
107.3
103.4
106.0
107.4
108.4
106. 1
107.0
111.5
105.9
5
- 3
1
5
1
3
- 7
1
- 5
-1 1
1 3
0
I
.6
3.3
0
*. 1
0
-.2
.4
-.3
-.4
0
.6
.5
-.8
-. 1
-.2
-1. 1
.6
1.5
1.0
* 1
1
Area coverage includes the urban portion of the corresponding Standard Metro- extensive Standard Consolidated Areas are used. Area definitions are those established
politan Statistical Area (SMSA) except for New York and Chicago where the more for the 1960 Census and do not include revisions made since 1960.
Table 10, CPI-gasoline average prices, U.S. city average and selected areas
(Consumer price index for urban waaa earners and clerical worken)
Leaded regular gasoline
Area
Unleaded regular gasoline
October
1977
U.S. city average . . .
Atlanta
Baltimore
Boston...............
Buffalo, i
Chicago
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Dallas
Detroit., i
Honolulu
Houston..
Kansas City
LoS Angeles-Long Beach.
Milwaukee
Minneapolis-St. Paul
N.Y.-Northeastern N J ..
Philadelphia
Pittsburgh.............
St. Louis . . . .
San Diego
San Francisco-Oakland..
Seattle
Washington
November
1977
December
1977
October
1977
November D e cember
1977
1977
October
1977
November December
1977
1977
$0,627
$0,626
$0,627
$0,665
$0,664
$0,665
$0,683
$0,682
$0,684
.622
.619
.621
.632
.643
.617
.613
.591
.621
.721
.575
*595
.633
.590
.622
.619
.618
.624
.616
.640
.662
.641
.638
.622
.619
.621
.635
.643
.614
.607
.592
.616
.721
.574
.597
.627
.590
.617
.618
.618
.624
.615
.640
.657
.640
.637
.619
.618
.620
.633
.661
.614
.606
.593
.615
.722
.573
.598
.630
.589
.621
.613
.615
.624
. 604
.643
.671
.640
.636
.682
.660
.674
.665
.690
.654
.651
.628
.679
.740
.609
.632
.672
.630
.657
.666
.670
.661
.644
.679
.681
.667
.687
.681
.660
.673
.669
.691
.651
.644
.628
.676
.740
. 609
.634
.672
.630
.656
.665
.671
.661
.643
.680
.673
.666
.685
.678
.660
.673
.670
.714
.652
.644
.627
.675
. 743
.607
.633
.676
.629
.658
.660
.670
.657
.636
.682
.682
.667
.685
.701
.688
.684
.689
.693
.670
.668
.641
.695
.765
.629
.650
.679
.649
.693
.690
.692
.682
.669
.691
.701
.689
.708
.701
.688
.684
.684
.693
.668
.664
.642
.694
.765
.629
. 651
.678
.648
.691
.692
.691
.682
.669
.693
,697
.687
.705
.699
.688
.684
.688
.717
.668
.663
.642
.693
.768
.627
.649
.682
.648
.695
.686
.690
.681
.662
.697
.708
.694
.706
1
Area coverage includes the urban portion of the corresponding Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) except for New York and Chicago where the more
Premium gasoline
Average price per gallon
1
extensive Standard Consolidated Areas are used. Area definitions are those established
for the 1960 Census and do not include revisions made since 1960.
37
Table 11. CPI-by population size1
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967»100)
Area and group
Relative
importance
Percent change to
Indexes (1967=100)
December 1977 fron
December 1976 December 1976 September 1977 December 1977 December 1976 September 1977
United States:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
10.0.000
23.667
34.202
9.194
13.548
19.013
174.3
181.7
181.6
151.8
171.4
168.0
184.0
194.5
192.7
156.2
178.4
176. 1
186. 1
196.3
195.7
158.2
178.8
178.5
6.8
8.0
7.8
4.2
4.3
6.3
1. 1
.9
1.6
1.3
.2
1.4
Class A-1 (3.5 million or more):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
32.358
7.943
10.747
2.984
4.396
6.288
175.4
183. 1
180.4
145.8
179.4
172.0
184.0
194.6
189.4
149.4
186.7
180.4
185.7
197. 0
191.4
149.9
186.9
182.2
5.9
7.6
6. 1
2.8
4.2
5.9
.9
1.2
1. 1
.3
. 1
1.0
Class A-2 (1.4 million to 3.5 million):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
11.763
2.831
4.021
1.083
1.582
2.246
174. 0
181. 7
179.4
151.6
173. 0
168.5
183.9
195.0
190.5
155.6
181.2
176.8
186.3
196.7
194.4
157.5
181.5
179.2
7. 1
8.3
8.4
3.9
4.9
6.4
1.3
.9
2.0
1.2
.2
1.4
Class B (250,000 to 1.4 million):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
25.678
5.840
8.966
2.384
3.576
4.913
173.3
181.8
180.3
155.9
166.7
166.4
183.6
195. 1
192.8
162. 1
172.9
174.3
185. 6
196.5
195.8
164.3
173.2
176. 6
7. 1
8. 1
8.6
5.4
3.9
6. 1
1. 1
.7
1.6
1.4
.2
1.3
Class C (50,000 to 250,000):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
12.537
2.940
4.358
1. 182
1.710
2.346
173.5
179.5
183.3
155.5
166.9
164.7
183.7
193.9
194.9
160.0
174.2
172.6
185.8
194.6
198. 1
162.6
175.0
175.6
7. 1
8.4
8. 1
4.6
4.9
6.6
1. 1
.4
1.6
1.6
.5
1.7
Class D ( 2,500 to 50,000):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
17.288
4. Ill
6. 110
1.562
2.285
3.220
174.6
180.2
185.4
154.8
167.3
165.2
184.8
193.7
197.9
158. 1
174.6
173. 6
187.6
195.5
201.9
162.6
174. 6
176.4
7.4
8.5
8.9
5.0
4.4
6.8
1.5
.9
2.0
2.8
0
1.6
Based upon 1960 Census of Population.
38
Table 11-A. CPI-by population size1, 1977 annual average
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967-100)
Area and group
Relative
importance
Annual average indexes
Percent change to
1977 from—
1976
1977
1976
United States:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
170.5
180.8
177.2
147.6
165.5
163.3
181.5
192.2
189.6
154.2
177.2
173.7
6.5
6.3
7.0
4.5
7. 1
6.4
Class A-1 (3.5 million or more):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
171.6
181.7
176.2
142.7
173.2
167.3
181.8
192.4
187. 0
147. 1
185.3
178.0
5.9
5.9
6. 1
3. 1
7*0
6.4
Class A-2 (1.4 million to 3.5 million):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
169.8
181. 1
173.6
148.5
167.2
163.6
181.5
192.7
187.2
154.3
179.8
174.4
6.9
6.4
7.8
3.9
7.5
6.6
Class B (250,000 to 1.4 million):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
169.4
180.4
176.2
151. 1
160.5
162.0
180.9
192.5
189. 0
159.6
171.9
172. 1
6.8
6.7
7.3
5.6
7. 1
6.2
Class C (50,000 to 250,000):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
169.9
179.2
178.9
151.0
161.8
159.9
181. 1
190.9
191.7
159.0
172.8
170.0
6.6
6.5
7.2
5.3
6.8
6.3
Class D (2,500 to 50,000):
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Health and recreation
171.0
179.7
181.4
150.4
161.4
160.4
182.4
191.2
194.5
157.9
173.2
171.0
6.7
6.4
7.2
5.0
7.3
6.6
Based upon 1960 Census of Population.
39
Table 12. CPI-by region
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*100)
Area and group
Relative
importance1
Percent change to
Indexes
December 1977 fron
December 1976 December 1976 September 1977 December 1977 December 1976 September 1977
United States:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
100.000
23.667
34.202
9. 194
13.548
19,013
174.3
181.7
181.6
151.8
171.4
168.0
184. 0
194.5
192.7
156.2
178.4
176. 1
186. 1
196.3
195.7
158.2
178.8
178.5
6.8
8.0
7.8
4.2
4.3
6.3
1. 1
.9
1.6
1.3
.2
1.4
Northeast:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
32.560
8.354
10.600
3.219
4. 178
6.210
176.7
183.9
183.6
152. 1
179.0
169.7
184.9
195.2
191.9
155.7
187.0
176.9
186.6
197.2
193.6
157. 1
187.8
178.9
5.6
7.2
5.4
3.3
4.9
5.4
1.0
.9
.9
.4
1. 1
North Central:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
27.937
6.560
9.608
2.456
3.925
5.389
171.5
180.6
174.4
151.2
168.7
168.7
181.6
193.8
185.7
155.7
175.9
178.0
183.8
195.5
188.7
157.9
176.2
180.6
7.2
8.3
8.2
4.4
4.4
1.2
.9
1.6
South:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
22.078
5.043
7.763
2. 117
3.033
4. 122
176.6
183.6
187.3
155.4
167.4
169. 1
187.3
198.5
200.2
162.0
173.5
177.3
189.2
199.0
203.2
164. 1
173.6
179.7
7. 1
8.4
8.5
5.6
3.7
6.3
1.0
.3
1.5
1.3
.1
1.4
West:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
16.590
3.585
6.091
1.369
2.351
3. 193
171.8
176.3
182.7
146.4
168.8
162.6
182.2
189.7
196.5
149.5
175.5
170.7
185.4
192.5
201.8
152.4
175.2
173.2
7.9
9.2
10.5
4. 1
3.8
6.5
1.8
1.5
2.7
1.9
-.2
1.5
NOTE: Data for Anchorage, Alaska, and Honolulu, Hawaii, are included in U.S.
totals but are excluded from regions. Therefore regional data on relative importance
40
will not add to U.S. totals.
.9
1.4
.2
1.5
Table 12-A. CPI-by region, 1977 annual average
(Consumer price index for urban wage earners and clerical workers, 1967*100)
Area and group
Relative
importance
Percent change to
1977 from—
Annual average indexes
1976
1977
1976
United States:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
170.5
180.8
177.2
147.6
165.5
163.3
181,5
192.2
189.6
154.2
177.2
173.7
6.5
6.3
7.0
4.5
7. 1
6.4
Northeast:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
173.3
183. 1
179.7
147. 7
173.9
165.4
183.0
193.3
189.8
153.4
185.6
175.0
5.6
5.6
5.6
3.9
6.7
5.8
167.6
179.9
6.9
6.4
7.4
4.7
7.7
6.9
North Central:
All items
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
147.5
162.2
164. 0
179. 1
191.4
182.4
154.5
174.7
175.3
South:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
172.8
183. 1
183.2
151.4
161.6
164.2
184.3
195. 1
196. 1
159.8
172.5
174.7
6.7
6.6
7.0
5.5
6.7
6.4
167.3
173.7
177.7
143.7
162.2
157.8
179. 6
187.0
192.8
148.9
173.9
168.3
7.4
7.7
8.5
3.6
7.2
6.7
Food
West:
All items
Food
Housing
Apparel and upkeep .
Transportation
Health and recreation
169.9
NOTE: Data for Anchorage, Alaska, and Honolulu, Hawaii, are included in U.S. totals but are excluded from regions.
41
Appendix: Technical Notes
Brief Explanation of the CPI
personal visits of the Bureau's trained representatives.
Mail questionnaires are used to obtain local transit fares,
public utility rates, newspaper prices, fuel prices, and
certain other items.
In calculating the index, price changes for the various
items in each location are averaged together with weights
which represent their importance in the spending of all
wage earners and clerical workers. Local data are then
combined to obtain a U.S. city average. Separate indexes
are also published for 23 areas.
The index measures price changes from a designated
reference date—1967—which equals 100.0. An increase
of 22 percent, for example, is shown as 122.0. This
change can also be expressed in dollars as follows: The
price of a base period "market basket" of goods and
services bought by urban wage earners and clerical workers
has risen from $10 in 1967 to $12.20.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures average
changes in prices of goods and services usually bought
by urban wage earners and clerical workers. It is based
on prices of about 400 items which were selected to represent the movement of prices of all goods and services
purchased by wage earners and clerical workers. Prices
for these items are obtained in urban portions of 39
major statistical areas and 17 smaller cities, which were
chosen to represent all urban places in the United States.
They are collected from about 18,000 establishments—
grocery and department stores, hospitals, filling stations,
and other types of stores and service establishments.
Prices of food, fuels, and a few other items are
obtained every month in all 56 locations. Prices of most
other commodities and services are collected every month
in the five largest areas and every 3 months in other
areas. Prices of most goods and services are obtained by
A Note About Calculating Index Changes
period. BLS does not publish annual rates based on
data for 1 month.
Movements of the indexes from one month to another
are usually expressed as percent changes rather than
changes in index points because index point changes are
affected by the level of the index in relation to its base
period while percent changes are not. The example in the
accompanying box illustrates the computation of index
point and percent changes.
Seasonally adjusted percent changes in the U.S. All
Items Index are based on seasonal adjustment factors
and seasonally adjusted indexes carried to two decimal
places. This procedure helps to eliminate rounding error
in the percent changes.
Percent changes for 3-month and 6-month periods
are expressed as annual rates and are computed according to the standard formula for compound growth rates.
These data indicate what the percent change would be
if the current rate were maintained for a 12-month
Index Point Change
CPI
Less previous index
Equals index point change:
123.8
123.2
0.6
Percent Change
Index point difference,
|
Divided by the previous index.
Equals,
Results multiplied by one hundred
Equals percent change:
0.6
123.2
0.006
0.005x100
0.5
A Note on Seasonally Adjusted and Unadjusted Data
climatic conditions, production cycles, model changeovers, holidays, and sales.
The unadjusted data are of primary interest to consumers concerned about the prices they actually pay.
Unadjusted data are also used extensively for escalation
purposes. Many collective bargaining contract agreements
and pension plans, for example, tie compensation changes
to the Consumer Price Index unadjusted for seasonal
variation.
Because price data are used for different purposes by
different groups, the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes
seasonally adjusted as well as unadjusted changes each
month.
For analyzing general price trends in the economy,
seasonally adjusted changes are usually preferred, since
they eliminate the effect of changes that normally occur
at the same time and in about the same magnitude every
year—such as price movements resulting from changing
42
Reliability of Percent Changes in the CPI
A system of "replicated" samples introduced into the
index structure in the 1964 revision permits an estimate of
sampling error for the CPI. l The table below shows
standard errors for monthly, quarterly, and annual percent
Average standard errors of percent changes in the
CPI based on 1976 data
Standard error
Component
All Items
Food at home
Food away from home . .
Housing
Apparel and upkeep
Transportation
Medical care
Personal care
Reading and recreation . .
Other goods and
services
Monthly
change
Quarterly
change
Annual
change
.04
.10
.08
.06
.15
.07
.14
.16
.09
.05
.11
.14
.10
.27
.12
.19
.26
.16
.10
.22
.31
.18
.25
.20
.27
.64
.33
.11
.12
.18
changes in the CPI for all items and for nine commodity
groupings based on 1975 averages. The figures may be
interpreted as follows: The chances are about 95 out of
100 that the percent change in the CPI as computed differs
from the corresponding "complete coverage" change by
less than twice the standard error.
Because the CPI is rounded to one decimal place, some
ambiguity may arise in interpreting small index changes.
As the table indicates, for example, a month-to-month
change of 0.1 percent in the all items CPI is significant.
Because of rounding, however, a change of this size in the
published index might result from a much smaller change in
the unrounded value. Hence, any particular change of 0.1
percent may or may not be significant. On the other hand,
a published change of 0.2 percent for a 1-month period
is always significant.
This replaces the table of average errors based on 1975
data which was included in the CPI report through
December 1976.
The method of deriving these estimates is described in a
paper by Marvin Wilkerson, "Measurement of Sampling Error
in the Consumer Price Index," Journal of the American Statistical
Association, September 1967.
43
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