The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION: Patrick C. Jackman (202) 606-7000 USDL-97-410 CPI QUICKLINE: (202) 606-6994 TRANSMISSION OF MATERIAL IN FOR CURRENT AND HISTORICAL THIS RELEASE IS EMBARGOED INFORMATION: (202) 606-7828 UNTIL 8:30 A.M. (EST) MEDIA CONTACT: (202) 606-5902 Tuesday, November 18, 1997 INTERNET ADDRESS: http://stats.bls.gov/cpihome.htm CONSUMER PRICE INDEX: OCTOBER 1997 The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) rose 0.2 percent before seasonal adjustment in October to a level of 161.6 (198284=100), the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. For the 12-month period ended in October, the CPI-U increased 2.1 percent. The (CPI-W) October October Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers rose 0.1 percent in October, prior to seasonal adjustment. The 1997 CPI-W level of 158.5 was 1.9 percent higher than the index in 1996. CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI-U rose 0.2 percent in October, the same as in each of the preceding three months. The food index increased 0.2 percent in October. Grocery store food prices, which declined slightly in September, also increased 0.2 percent in October, reflecting a sharp increase in prices for dairy products. The energy index, which increased 1.3 percent in September, moderated substantially, rising 0.1 percent in October. The index for petroleum-based energy declined 0.4 percent, while the index for energy services rose 0.5 percent. Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U rose 0.2 percent, the same as in September. Table A. Percent changes in CPI for Urban Consumers (CPI-U) Seasonally adjusted UnCompound adjusted Expenditure Changes from preceding month annual rate 12-mos. Category 1997 3-mos. ended ended Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Oct.'97 Oct.'97 All Items .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2 .2 2.5 2.1 Food and beverages -.2 Housing .2 Apparel and upkeep .9 Transportation -.4 Medical care .3 Entertainment .1 Other goods and services .8 Special Indexes: Energy -1.5 Food -.2 All items less food and energy .3 .4 .1 .1 -.8 .3 .2 .2 .3 -.2 -.3 .2 .5 .3 .4 .2 .1 .2 -1.0 .1 .6 .0 .2 .1 .2 .1 .3 .3 .4 .2 -.2 .2 .3 .1 .1 .1 .2 2.8 2.3 -2.4 4.5 1.9 .7 1.9 2.4 1.1 .4 2.5 1.9 .2 .2 .3 .6 .3 .7 6.4 4.8 -2.4 .4 .0 .2 -.1 .3 1.7 .4 1.3 .1 .1 .2 12.7 2.8 .9 1.8 .2 .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 1.9 2.3 See page 4 for a note on the future use of a hedonic model to adjust personal computer prices in the CPI for changes in quality. For the first 10 months of 1997, the CPI -U advanced at a 1.8 percent seasonally adjusted annual rate (SAAR). This compares with an increase of 3.3 percent in all of 1996. The energy and food components have been largely responsible for the moderation thus far in 1997. The energy index has declined at a 2.1 percent SAAR, while food prices have risen at a 1.8 percent annual rate. Excluding food and energy, the CPI-U has risen at a 2.2 percent SAAR in the first 10 months of 1997, following a 2.6 percent increase in all of 1996. The food and beverage index rose 0.2 percent in October. The index for grocery store food prices, which fell 0.1 percent in September, increased 0.2 percent in October. A sharp increase in the index for dairy products and an upturn in the index for fruits and vegetables were largely responsible for the October advance. Prices for dairy products, which rose 0.1 percent in both August and September after registering declines in each of the preceding eight months, increased 1.5 percent in October. The index for fruits and vegetables rose 0.3 percent in October, following a decline of the same magnitude in September. The index for fresh fruits rose 0.8 percent, while the index for fresh vegetables was unchanged in October. The index for processed fruits and vegetables rose 0.1 percent. The index for cereal and bakery products increased 0.2 percent, the same as in September. Advances in these grocery store food groups was partially offset by the deceleration in the indexes for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs and for other food at home, which declined 0.3 and 0.1 percent, respectively, in October. Within the former group, prices for beef, pork, and poultry all declined in October. The decline in the index for other food at home reflects a drop in coffee prices, which fell 1.8 percent in October, following a 0.5 percent decrease in September. In the six-month period ended in August, coffee prices had registered increases totaling 24.2 percent. The other two components of the food and beverage index--restaurant meals and alcoholic beverages--each increased 0.1 percent. The housing component rose 0.3 percent in October, the same as in September. Shelter costs rose 0.3 percent. Within shelter, renters' costs increased 0.6 percent; homeowners' costs, 0.2 percent; and maintenance and repair costs, 1.5 percent. The increase in renters' costs reflects a 1.6 percent rise in the index for lodging while out of town; residential rents rose 0.2 percent. The index for fuel and other utilities, which rose 0.6 percent in September, increased 0.3 percent in October. The index for household fuels rose 0.4 percent, as a 2.4 percent increase in the index for natural gas more than offset decreases in the indexes for fuel oil and electricity--each down 0.4 percent. The index for other utilities and public services rose 0.1 percent. The index for telephone services rose 0.2 percent, as increases in charges for local services and interstate toll calls were partially offset by a 0.6 percent drop in charges for intrastate toll calls. The index for household furnishings and operation increased 0.1 percent in October, the same as in September. The transportation component, which rose 0.4 percent in September, increased 0.1 percent in October. A sharp increase in public transportation costs--up 2.7 percent in October--more than offset a downturn in private transportation costs. The index for airline fares, which rose 2.1 percent in September, increased 3.8 percent in October. Other intercity transportation costs also advanced in October, increasing 1.0 percent. On the other hand, private transportation costs declined 0.2 percent, reflecting decreases in the indexes for new vehicles, used cars, and motor fuel. The index for gasoline, which had increased sharply in each of the two preceding months, declined 0.6 percent in October. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, gasoline prices fell 2.5 percent.) New vehicle purchase costs declined in October; the index for new vehicle prices decreased 0.3 percent and automobile finance charges dropped 0.1 percent. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, new vehicle prices increased 0.4 percent. As of October, about 25 percent of the new vehicle sample was represented by 1998 models. The 1998 models will continue to be phased in, with appropriate adjustments for quality change, over the next several months as they replace old models at dealerships. For a report on quality change for the 1998 vehicles represented in the Producer Price Index sample, see news release USDL-97-403, dated November 14, 1997.) The index for used cars declined 0.5 percent. The index for apparel and upkeep increased 0.1 percent in October, following a 0.3 percent rise in September. (Prior to seasonal adjustment, apparel commodity prices rose 1.5 percent, reflecting seasonal price increases for fall-winter wear.) Medical care costs rose 0.1 percent in October to a level 2.5 percent above a year ago. The index for medical care commodities--prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and medical supplies-was virtually unchanged. The index for medical care services rose 0.1 percent. Charges for professional services and for hospital and related services each increased 0.2 percent. Entertainment costs, which decreased 0.2 percent in September, rose 0.2 percent in October. Increases in the indexes for club memberships and for fees for participant sports more than offset declines in all other major entertainment categories. The index for other goods and services rose 0.7 percent in October, following an increase of 0.3 percent in September. The index for tobacco and smoking products, which rose 1.4 percent in September, increased 1.5 percent in October. CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) On a seasonally adjusted basis, the CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers rose 0.2 percent in October. Table B. Percent changes in CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) Seasonally adjusted UnCompound adjusted Expenditure Changes from preceding month annual rate 12-mos. Category 1997 3-mos. ended ended Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Oct. '97 Oct. '97 All Items .0 .0 .1 .2 .2 .3 .2 2.6 1.9 Food and beverages -.2 .4 .2 .3 .4 .1 .2 2.6 1.9 Housing .1 .1 .3 .2 .0 .3 .2 2.1 2.5 Apparel and upkeep 1.0 .2 -.3 .2 -1.0 .2 .1 -3.0 1.1 Transportation -.6 -1.0 -.4 .1 .7 .4 -.1 4.3 .1 Medical care .3 .3 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 2.2 2.5 Entertainment .1 .1 .5 .1 .4 -.2 .1 1.0 1.8 Other goods and services 1.0 .1 .0 .3 .5 .5 .8 7.4 5.0 Special Indexes: Energy -1.9 -2.4 0 -.2 2.0 1.2 .1 14.0 .8 Food All items less food and energy -.2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .1 .2 2.6 1.8 .3 .2 .1 .2 .0 .2 .2 1.4 2.1 After seasonal adjustment, the level of the CPI-U for All Items was 161.6 in October; the seasonally adjusted CPI-W for All Items was 158.5. Beginning with January 1997 data, BLS is reporting the level of the seasonally adjusted U.S. City Average All Items CPI-U and CPI-W in this monthly news release. Effective with the release of January 1998 data in February 1998, the seasonally adjusted All Items indexes will be fully integrated into the releases, appearing in tables 2 and 5 and in the text where relevant. Like other seasonally adjusted CPI data, the All Items index levels are subject to revision for up to five years after their original release. For this reason, BLS advises against the use of these data in escalation agreements. Consumer Price Index data for November are scheduled for release on Tuesday, December 16, 1997, at 8:30 A.M. (EST). Using a hedonic model to adjust prices of personal computers in the Consumer Price Index for changes in quality Effective with the release of data for January 1998, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) will introduce an improved quality adjustment technique in the new stratum of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) called Personal Computers and Peripheral Equipment. Currently, personal computers are part of the Information Processing Equipment stratum. As previously announced, beginning with the CPI for January 1998, Information Processing Equipment will become an expenditure class entitled Information and Information Processing Other Than Telephone Services. Personal Computers and Peripheral Equipment will be one of four strata in that expenditure class. Analysts in the Producer Price Index (PPI) program have developed and implemented a regression procedure, called a hedonic model, that decomposes the price of personal computers into implicit prices for each important feature and component of the computer. This model, which has been used in the PPI since 1991, provides a way to estimate the value of changes or improvements. The CPI has used similar hedonic methods to adjust apparel prices for many years. Starting with the CPI for January 1998, when a personal computer or selected item of peripheral equipment, such as a modem, in the CPI sample improves in some way, a regression-based quality adjustment will be made. The value of the improvement, as derived from the PPI regression estimates, will be deducted from the observed price change for the product. (Conversely, if a model deteriorates, the value of the difference will be added to the price.) Additional information on these changes will be published in the June 1997 CPI Detailed Report and is available on the Internet (at http://stats.bls.gov/cpihome.htm). This information can also be obtained by writing to Bureau of Labor Statistics, Division of Consumer Prices and Price Indexes, Room 3260, 2 Massachusetts Ave. NE, Washington, DC 20212 or by telephoning Joseph Chelena at (202) 606-6982 ext. 255. Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Relative Unadjusted indexes importance, December Sept. Oct. 1996 1997 1997 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 1997 fromOct. 1996 Sept. 1997 Seasonally adjusted percent change fromJuly to Aug. to Sept. to Aug. Sept. Oct. Expenditure category All items .................................. All items (1967=100) ....................... 100.000 - 161.2 483.0 161.6 484.1 2.1 - 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2 - 0.2 - Food and beverages ....................... Food ................................... Food at home ......................... Cereals and bakery products ........ Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..... Dairy products 1/ .................. Fruits and vegetables 2/ ........... Other food at home ................. Sugar and sweets ................. Fats and oils .................... Nonalcoholic beverages ........... Other prepared food .............. 17.484 15.913 10.040 1.479 3.002 1.245 1.974 2.340 .331 .246 .724 1.039 158.4 157.9 158.6 178.1 149.1 143.5 188.1 148.9 148.5 142.0 136.7 161.9 158.7 158.2 159.0 178.4 148.9 145.7 188.5 149.0 148.2 141.7 136.6 162.5 1.9 1.8 1.4 1.9 .7 -2.4 1.8 3.5 1.7 .1 7.1 2.5 .2 .2 .3 .2 -.1 1.5 .2 .1 -.2 -.2 -.1 .4 .4 .4 .6 .2 .1 .1 2.8 .1 -.8 .4 .0 .2 .1 .1 -.1 .2 -.2 .1 -.3 .2 .5 .7 -.1 .4 .2 .2 .2 .2 -.3 1.5 .3 -.1 -.3 -.6 -.2 .1 Food away from home .................. Alcoholic beverages .................... 5.873 1.571 157.8 163.5 158.2 163.7 2.6 2.2 .3 .1 .2 .3 .3 .2 .1 .1 Housing 2/ ............................... Shelter ................................ Renters' costs 3/ 4/.................. Rent, residential .................. Other renters' costs 4/ ............ Homeowners' costs 3/ 4/............... Owners' equivalent rent 3/ ......... Household insurance 3/ 4/ .......... Maintenance and repairs 1/ 4/ ........ Maintenance and repair services 1/ 4/ ................. Maintenance and repair commodities 1/ 4/ .............. Fuel and other utilities 2/ ............ Fuels ................................ Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities .................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)....................... Other utilities and public services 4/ ...................... Household furnishings and operation 2/ . Housefurnishings 4/ .................. Housekeeping supplies ................ Housekeeping services 4/ ............. 41.203 28.194 7.994 5.731 2.263 20.000 19.616 .383 .200 157.7 177.2 186.8 167.8 222.8 182.8 183.2 166.8 142.6 157.7 177.8 187.7 168.2 225.4 183.3 183.6 166.9 144.7 2.4 3.1 3.5 3.0 4.9 2.9 2.9 2.1 3.2 .0 .3 .5 .2 1.2 .3 .2 .1 1.5 .1 .2 .2 .3 .0 .3 .3 .4 .1 .3 .2 .4 .3 .4 .1 .1 .7 -2.0 .3 .3 .6 .2 1.7 .2 .2 -.1 1.5 .123 150.2 153.4 4.1 2.1 .4 -2.7 2.1 .077 7.102 3.878 132.1 132.1 119.7 132.7 130.8 117.4 1.7 1.6 1.0 .5 -1.0 -1.9 -.4 -.5 -.8 -.8 .6 1.0 .5 .3 .4 .424 93.7 95.3 -7.4 1.7 -.7 .1 -.3 3.453 128.1 125.1 2.0 -2.3 -.8 1.1 .5 3.224 5.908 3.332 1.093 1.482 162.3 125.4 110.2 143.2 153.2 162.5 125.4 110.1 143.3 153.3 2.5 .3 -.9 1.2 2.3 .1 .0 -.1 .1 .1 -.2 -.3 -.5 -.6 .4 .3 .1 -.1 .1 .3 .1 .1 .1 -.1 .1 Apparel and upkeep ....................... Apparel commodities 4/ ................. Men's and boys' apparel .............. Women's and girls' apparel............ Infants' and toddlers' apparel 1/ .... Footwear ............................. Other apparel commodities 4/.......... Apparel services 1/ 4/ ................. 5.330 4.786 1.280 2.102 .186 .718 .500 .545 133.0 129.2 131.4 126.0 126.7 127.4 145.3 163.7 134.9 131.2 133.1 128.3 126.2 130.6 145.5 163.7 1.1 .9 3.0 .9 -1.8 2.0 -4.3 1.9 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.8 -.4 2.5 .1 .0 -1.0 -1.0 .1 -2.0 -3.0 .6 -1.2 .1 .3 .3 .4 1.0 -.5 -.5 -1.0 .1 .1 .1 .2 -.5 -.4 1.5 .3 .0 Transportation ........................... Private transportation ................. New vehicles ......................... New cars ........................... Used cars ............................ Motor fuel ........................... Gasoline ........................... 17.140 15.499 4.955 3.952 1.278 3.171 - 144.3 141.0 142.7 140.0 148.2 109.3 109.2 144.5 140.9 143.3 140.6 147.9 106.7 106.5 .4 .3 -.3 -.6 -5.8 .8 1.2 .1 -.1 .4 .4 -.2 -2.4 -2.5 .6 .9 -.1 -.1 -.8 4.9 5.4 .4 .4 .1 .0 -.1 1.7 1.8 .1 -.2 -.3 -.2 -.5 -.5 -.6 Maintenance and repairs .............. Other private transportation 4/....... Other private transportation commodities 4/.................. Other private transportation services 4/ .................... Public transportation .................. 1.533 4.562 163.5 176.9 163.9 178.4 2.1 1.7 .2 .8 .1 -.1 -.1 .1 .2 -.1 .589 104.6 104.3 -.7 -.3 -.6 -.2 -.3 3.973 1.642 194.0 186.0 196.0 190.9 2.1 2.0 1.0 2.6 .0 -1.9 .2 1.2 .0 2.7 Medical care ............................. Medical care commodities ............... Medical care services .................. Professional medical services ........ 7.346 1.273 6.073 3.472 235.4 215.3 240.0 216.4 235.8 215.6 240.5 216.8 2.5 1.5 2.7 3.1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 -.1 .3 .3 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .0 .1 .2 Entertainment 4/ ......................... Entertainment commodities 4/ ........... Entertainment services 4/ .............. 4.352 1.957 2.395 163.0 144.7 184.2 163.1 144.3 184.9 1.9 .5 3.0 .1 -.3 .4 .2 .6 .1 -.2 .1 -.5 .2 -.2 .5 Other goods and services 2/ .............. Tobacco and smoking products ........... Personal care 1/ ....................... Toilet goods and personal care appliances 1/ .................... Personal care services 1/ ............ Personal and educational expenses 4/ ... School books and supplies ............ Personal and educational services 4/ . 7.145 1.601 1.145 228.1 246.5 152.7 229.4 250.2 153.3 4.8 6.3 1.6 .6 1.5 .4 .6 .7 -.1 .3 1.4 .1 .7 1.5 .4 .588 .557 4.398 .264 4.134 143.7 162.8 264.9 241.5 266.9 144.5 163.4 265.6 242.4 267.5 -.1 3.5 5.2 5.2 5.2 .6 .4 .3 .4 .2 -.1 .1 .7 .7 .7 .1 .1 -.1 -.1 -.1 .6 .4 .5 .7 .5 Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group - Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Relative Unadjusted indexes importance, December Sept. Oct. 1996 1997 1997 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 1997 fromOct. 1996 Sept. 1997 Seasonally adjusted percent change fromJuly to Aug. to Sept. to Aug. Sept. Oct. Commodity and service group All items .................................. Commodities .............................. Food and beverages ..................... Commodities less food and beverages .... Nondurables less food and beverages .. Apparel commodities 4/ ............. Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ............................. Services ................................. Rent of shelter 3/ ..................... Household services less rent of shelter 3/ 4/....................... Transportation services ................ Medical care services .................. Other services ......................... 100.000 42.873 17.484 25.389 15.147 4.786 161.2 142.1 158.4 132.2 135.5 129.2 161.6 142.4 158.7 132.5 135.8 131.2 2.1 1.0 1.9 .3 1.3 .9 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 1.5 .2 .4 .4 .3 .6 -1.0 .2 .3 .1 .4 .7 .3 .2 .0 .2 .0 .1 .1 10.362 10.242 57.127 27.577 141.9 127.6 180.6 184.4 141.3 127.8 181.0 185.0 1.5 -1.2 3.0 3.1 -.4 .2 .2 .3 1.5 -.3 .1 .3 .8 -.1 .2 .2 -.1 -.1 .3 .3 8.698 7.148 6.073 7.631 147.7 184.7 240.0 212.2 146.4 186.9 240.5 212.7 2.2 2.0 2.7 4.1 -.9 1.2 .2 .2 -.5 -.4 .3 .4 .6 .3 .2 -.2 .4 .6 .1 .4 84.087 71.806 80.000 92.654 26.960 16.718 11.932 32.631 29.550 51.054 7.049 92.951 77.038 161.8 156.6 162.0 157.1 133.5 137.2 143.0 147.1 189.5 175.1 113.9 167.6 170.0 162.2 156.9 162.4 157.4 133.8 137.4 142.5 147.4 189.8 175.5 111.5 168.3 170.8 2.1 1.8 1.9 2.1 .5 1.4 1.6 1.6 2.8 3.0 .9 2.2 2.3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .1 -.3 .2 .2 .2 -2.1 .4 .5 .1 .2 .2 .2 .3 .5 1.6 .5 -.2 .1 1.7 .1 .1 .3 .3 .2 .3 .4 .7 .8 .4 .3 .2 1.3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 -.1 .1 -.1 .0 .4 .5 .1 .2 .2 23.364 3.596 53.674 142.0 107.7 186.0 142.7 105.7 186.7 .5 -.1 3.0 .5 -1.9 .4 -.3 4.3 .2 .2 1.5 .2 .1 -.4 .3 - $.620 .207 $.619 .207 -2.1 - -.2 - -.2 - -.3 - -.2 - Special indexes All items less food ........................ All items less shelter ..................... All items less homeowners' costs 3/ 4/...... All items less medical care ................ Commodities less food ...................... Nondurables less food ...................... Nondurables less food and apparel .......... Nondurables ................................ Services less rent of shelter 3/ 4/ ........ Services less medical care services ........ Energy ..................................... All items less energy ...................... All items less food and energy ........... Commodities less food and energy commodities ................. Energy commodities ................... Services less energy services .......... Purchasing power of the consumer dollar: 1982-84=$1.00 1/ ......................... 1967=$1.00 1/ ............................ 1/ 2/ Not seasonally adjusted. This index series will undergo a change in composition in January, 1998. 3/ 4/ NOTE: Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. This index series will no longer appear in its present form after December, 1997. See Table X for a comparable index series. Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes July 1997 Aug. 1997 Sept. 1997 Oct. 1997 Jan. 1997 Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended6 months endedApr. July Oct. Apr. Oct. 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 Expenditure category All items .................................... - - - - 2.8 1.5 1.5 2.5 2.2 2.0 Food and beverages ......................... Food ..................................... Food at home ........................... Cereals and bakery products .......... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ....... Dairy products 1/ .................... Fruits and vegetables 2/.............. Other food at home ................... Sugar and sweets ................... Fats and oils ...................... Nonalcoholic beverages ............. Other prepared food ................ Food away from home .................... Alcoholic beverages ...................... 157.9 157.6 158.2 177.7 149.3 143.3 186.2 148.6 148.8 141.0 137.1 161.2 157.1 162.9 158.6 158.3 159.2 178.0 149.4 143.4 191.4 148.7 147.6 141.5 137.1 161.5 157.4 163.4 158.7 158.4 159.1 178.3 149.1 143.5 190.8 149.0 148.4 142.5 136.9 162.1 157.8 163.7 159.0 158.7 159.4 178.7 148.7 145.7 191.4 148.8 147.9 141.7 136.6 162.3 158.0 163.8 .8 .5 -1.3 2.1 2.5 -4.0 -11.0 2.0 4.2 .9 .9 2.5 3.2 3.0 .5 .5 -.5 .0 -2.7 -5.6 -1.5 5.7 1.9 .3 11.7 3.6 2.3 1.0 3.6 3.6 4.4 3.2 4.4 -6.4 10.8 5.9 3.3 -2.8 18.2 1.0 2.3 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.1 2.3 -1.6 6.9 11.6 .5 -2.4 2.0 -1.5 2.8 2.3 2.2 .6 .5 -.9 1.0 -.1 -4.8 -6.4 3.8 3.0 .6 6.2 3.1 2.7 2.0 3.2 3.2 3.7 2.7 1.4 .0 11.2 3.2 .4 -.4 7.9 1.9 2.3 2.5 Housing 2/ ................................. Shelter .................................. Renters' costs 3/ 4/.................... Rent, residential .................... Other renters' costs 4/ .............. Homeowners' costs 3/ 4/ ................ Owners' equivalent rent 3/ ........... Household insurance 3/ 4/ ............ 156.8 176.2 185.3 166.8 223.7 181.9 182.3 165.1 156.9 176.6 185.7 167.3 223.8 182.4 182.8 165.7 157.3 177.0 186.4 167.8 224.8 182.6 183.0 166.8 157.7 177.5 187.6 168.2 228.6 182.9 183.3 166.7 3.4 2.8 3.8 3.0 6.0 2.7 2.7 -1.0 1.8 3.5 3.8 2.7 6.5 3.2 3.2 3.2 2.3 3.0 1.7 3.2 -1.6 3.4 3.6 2.2 2.3 3.0 5.1 3.4 9.1 2.2 2.2 3.9 2.6 3.2 3.8 2.8 6.2 2.9 2.9 1.1 2.3 3.0 3.4 3.3 3.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 Maintenance and repairs 1/ 4/ .......... Maintenance and repair services 1/ 4/ Maintenance and repair commodities 1/ 4/ ................ Fuel and other utilities 2/............... Fuels .................................. Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities ...................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)......................... Other utilities and public services 4/ . Household furnishings and operation 2/ ... Housefurnishings 4/ .................... Housekeeping supplies .................. Housekeeping services 4/ ............... 145.4 153.8 145.5 154.4 142.6 150.2 144.7 153.4 3.8 2.5 2.9 1.9 8.4 13.8 -1.9 -1.0 3.3 2.2 3.1 6.1 133.7 130.5 116.3 133.1 129.9 115.4 132.1 130.7 116.5 132.7 131.1 117.0 6.3 7.0 10.4 3.4 -3.0 -6.9 .3 .9 -1.4 -3.0 1.9 2.4 4.8 1.9 1.4 -1.3 1.4 .5 97.4 96.7 96.8 96.5 15.8 -25.9 -11.4 -3.6 -7.3 -7.6 123.8 162.3 125.5 110.6 144.0 152.1 122.8 162.0 125.1 110.1 143.1 152.7 124.1 162.5 125.2 110.0 143.3 153.1 124.7 162.7 125.3 110.1 143.1 153.3 10.2 3.1 .0 -.4 2.3 -.8 -4.4 1.5 1.0 -1.1 2.0 4.1 -.3 4.3 1.0 -.4 2.8 2.7 2.9 1.0 -.6 -1.8 -2.5 3.2 2.6 2.3 .5 -.7 2.1 1.6 1.3 2.6 .2 -1.1 .1 2.9 Apparel and upkeep ......................... Apparel commodities 4/ ................... Men's and boys' apparel ................ Women's and girls' apparel ............. Infants' and toddlers' apparel 1/ ...... Footwear ............................... Other apparel commodities 4/............ Apparel services 1/ 4/ ................... 133.5 129.6 130.4 126.8 131.3 127.3 146.9 163.5 132.2 128.3 130.5 124.3 127.3 128.1 145.2 163.6 132.6 128.7 131.0 125.5 126.7 127.4 143.7 163.7 132.7 128.8 131.2 124.9 126.2 129.3 144.1 163.7 3.1 3.2 6.8 6.6 -1.9 -1.3 -9.5 2.8 3.4 3.5 2.5 3.5 19.4 4.2 -.8 2.2 .3 -.3 .3 .0 -7.0 -1.2 1.1 2.2 -2.4 -2.4 2.5 -5.9 -14.7 6.4 -7.4 .5 3.2 3.3 4.6 5.1 8.3 1.4 -5.2 2.5 -1.0 -1.4 1.4 -3.0 -10.9 2.5 -3.2 1.4 Transportation ............................. Private transportation ................... New vehicles ........................... New cars ............................. Used cars .............................. Motor fuel ............................. Gasoline ............................. Maintenance and repairs ................ Other private transportation 4/......... Other private transportation commodities 4/.................... Other private transportation services 4/ ...................... Public transportation .................... 143.3 140.0 144.4 141.8 149.2 101.2 100.5 163.2 178.1 144.2 141.2 144.3 141.7 148.0 106.2 105.9 163.4 178.0 144.8 141.7 144.4 141.7 147.8 108.0 107.8 163.2 178.2 144.9 141.4 144.0 141.4 147.0 107.5 107.2 163.5 178.1 3.1 4.0 -.6 -1.4 -2.5 21.0 21.6 2.8 .2 -1.6 -2.2 .6 .3 .0 -16.7 -17.1 1.5 4.2 -4.1 -4.4 -.6 -.6 -14.4 -19.4 -19.8 3.3 2.5 4.5 4.1 -1.1 -1.1 -5.8 27.3 29.5 .7 .0 .7 .9 .0 -.6 -1.3 .4 .4 2.1 2.2 .1 -.3 -.8 -.8 -10.2 1.3 1.9 2.0 1.2 105.6 105.0 104.8 104.5 -1.5 -.4 3.5 -4.1 -.9 -.4 195.5 188.1 195.5 184.5 195.8 186.7 195.8 191.7 .4 -5.0 4.9 5.5 2.5 .0 .6 7.9 2.6 .1 1.5 3.9 Medical care ............................... Medical care commodities ................. Medical care services .................... Professional medical services .......... Entertainment 4/ ........................... 235.0 215.8 239.2 215.7 163.0 235.5 215.5 239.8 216.3 163.4 235.9 215.7 240.3 216.6 163.0 236.1 215.6 240.5 217.0 163.3 2.6 .8 2.9 3.7 2.0 3.3 4.2 3.3 3.8 1.7 2.1 1.5 2.2 2.4 3.0 1.9 -.4 2.2 2.4 .7 3.0 2.5 3.1 3.7 1.9 2.0 .6 2.2 2.4 1.9 Entertainment commodities 4/ ............. Entertainment services 4/ ................ 143.9 185.0 144.7 185.1 144.9 184.2 144.6 185.1 .6 3.2 -.3 3.6 .0 5.1 2.0 .2 .1 3.4 1.0 2.6 Other goods and services 2/................. Tobacco and smoking products ............. Personal care 1/ ......................... Toilet goods and personal care appliances 1/ ...................... Personal care services 1/ .............. Personal and educational expenses 4/ ..... School books and supplies .............. Personal and educational services 4/ ... 225.6 241.5 152.6 226.9 243.2 152.5 227.5 246.5 152.7 229.1 250.2 153.3 3.5 1.4 1.9 7.1 14.3 2.9 2.7 -4.3 -.3 6.4 15.2 1.8 5.3 7.6 2.4 4.5 5.0 .8 143.7 162.5 260.9 239.6 262.4 143.5 162.7 262.8 241.2 264.3 143.7 162.8 262.5 241.0 264.0 144.5 163.4 263.7 242.6 265.2 -2.7 7.3 4.7 2.8 4.8 2.5 3.3 5.6 5.1 5.6 -2.2 1.2 6.2 7.9 6.2 2.2 2.2 4.4 5.1 4.3 -.1 5.3 5.2 3.9 5.2 .0 1.7 5.3 6.5 5.3 Table 2. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Seasonally adjusted U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group - Continued (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) Seasonally adjusted indexes July 1997 Aug. 1997 Sept. 1997 Oct. 1997 Jan. 1997 Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended6 months endedApr. July Oct. Apr. Oct. 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 Commodity and service group All items .................................... Commodities ................................ Food and beverages ....................... Commodities less food and beverages ...... Nondurables less food and beverages .... Apparel commodities 4/ ............... Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel ...................... 141.4 157.9 131.4 133.5 129.6 141.9 158.6 131.8 134.3 128.3 142.3 158.7 132.3 135.2 128.7 142.3 159.0 132.3 135.3 128.8 2.8 2.3 .8 3.4 5.5 3.2 1.5 -.3 .5 -.9 -1.5 3.5 1.5 -.8 3.6 -3.9 -3.8 -.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.8 5.5 -2.4 2.2 1.0 .6 1.2 2.0 3.3 2.0 .8 3.2 -.6 .7 -1.4 138.2 140.3 141.4 141.3 8.9 -3.9 -7.2 9.3 2.3 .7 Durables ............................... Services ................................... Rent of shelter 3/ ....................... Household services less rent of shelter 3/ 4/...................... Transportation services .................. Medical care services .................... Other services ........................... 128.6 179.8 183.6 128.2 180.0 184.1 128.1 180.4 184.4 128.0 181.0 185.0 -.3 3.2 3.2 -.6 3.0 3.4 -2.1 2.9 2.9 -1.9 2.7 3.1 -.5 3.1 3.3 -2.0 2.8 3.0 145.9 185.8 239.2 211.1 145.2 185.1 239.8 211.9 146.1 185.7 240.3 211.5 146.7 186.9 240.5 212.4 4.8 -.4 2.9 4.4 -.3 4.4 3.3 4.5 2.5 2.0 2.2 5.3 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.0 3.1 4.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 3.9 161.0 155.8 161.3 156.2 132.9 135.2 139.8 145.8 188.6 174.2 108.4 167.5 170.0 161.2 156.1 161.6 156.5 133.3 135.9 142.0 146.5 188.3 174.3 110.2 167.7 170.1 161.7 156.5 162.0 156.9 133.8 136.9 143.2 147.1 188.9 174.7 111.6 168.0 170.4 162.0 156.8 162.4 157.2 133.7 137.0 143.0 147.1 189.6 175.5 111.7 168.3 170.8 3.1 2.6 2.8 2.6 3.0 5.4 6.1 3.6 3.1 3.3 14.9 1.7 2.2 1.8 .8 1.3 1.6 -.6 -1.5 -3.9 -1.1 2.8 2.8 -11.3 2.7 3.1 1.0 .8 .7 1.3 -3.2 -3.2 -4.7 .3 3.0 3.0 -9.7 2.2 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.4 5.4 9.5 3.6 2.1 3.0 12.7 1.9 1.9 2.4 1.7 2.0 2.1 1.2 1.9 1.0 1.2 2.9 3.1 .9 2.2 2.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 -.4 1.0 2.1 1.9 2.6 3.0 .9 2.1 1.9 142.4 100.9 185.5 142.0 105.2 185.8 142.3 106.8 186.1 142.4 106.4 186.7 .8 20.1 2.7 2.0 -17.7 3.6 -.8 -18.5 3.3 .0 23.7 2.6 1.4 -.6 3.1 -.4 .4 3.0 Special indexes All items less food .......................... All items less shelter ....................... All items less homeowners' costs 3/ 4/........ All items less medical care .................. Commodities less food ........................ Nondurables less food ........................ Nondurables less food and apparel ............ Nondurables .................................. Services less rent of shelter 3/ ............. Services less medical care services .......... Energy ....................................... All items less energy ........................ All items less food and energy ............. Commodities less food and energy commodities .......................... Energy commodities ..................... Services less energy services ............ 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ NOTE: Not seasonally adjusted. This index series will undergo a change in composition in January, 1998. Indexes on a December 1982=100 base. This index series will no longer appear in its present form after December, 1997. See Table X for a comparable index series. Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 3. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers: Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Indexes Percent change to Percent change to Area Pricing schedule 1/ _ U.S. city average ...................... M 160.5 160.8 161.2 161.6 2.1 0.5 0.2 2.2 0.4 0.2 Northeast urban......................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 500,000 to 1,200,000 3/..... + _ Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 3/........ + _ M M M 167.6 168.2 165.9 167.8 168.4 166.2 168.4 169.2 166.0 168.7 169.5 166.0 2.2 2.3 2.2 .5 .7 -.1 .2 .2 .0 2.3 2.3 2.3 .5 .6 .1 .4 .5 -.1 M 166.4 166.8 167.1 167.6 2.3 .5 .3 3.0 .4 .2 North Central urban .................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 3/..... + _ Size C - 50,000 to 360,000 3/........ + _ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M 156.6 157.3 155.8 157.2 158.0 156.3 157.5 158.3 156.2 157.7 158.4 156.7 2.1 2.3 1.8 .3 .3 .3 .1 .1 .3 2.3 2.5 1.9 .6 .6 .3 .2 .2 -.1 M 158.5 158.8 159.6 159.7 2.0 .6 .1 2.7 .7 .5 M 152.6 152.6 153.4 153.2 1.4 .4 -.1 1.6 .5 .5 South urban ............................ Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 450,000 to 1,200,000 3/..... + _ Size C - 50,000 to 450,000 3/........ + _ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M 157.0 155.8 160.5 157.1 155.9 160.8 157.5 156.4 160.6 157.8 156.7 160.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 .4 .5 .1 .2 .2 .2 1.9 1.9 2.1 .3 .4 .1 .3 .3 -.1 M 156.0 156.1 156.7 157.2 1.6 .7 .3 1.5 .4 .4 M 156.4 156.4 157.1 156.9 1.7 .3 -.1 2.5 .4 .4 West urban ............................. Size A - More than 1,250,000 ........ Size C - 50,000 to 330,000 3/........ + _ M M M 161.1 161.3 166.1 161.5 161.7 166.8 162.1 162.3 167.4 162.8 163.1 168.3 2.3 2.4 3.1 .8 .9 .9 .4 .5 .5 2.2 2.3 2.7 .6 .6 .8 .4 .4 .4 M 144.8 145.1 145.6 146.0 2.3 .6 .3 2.2 .6 .3 + + July 1997 Aug. 1997 Sept. 1997 Oct. 1997 Oct. 1997 fromOct. Aug. Sept. 1996 1997 1997 Sept. 1997 fromSept. July Aug. 1996 1997 1997 Region and area size 2/ _ Size classes A 4/ ................................. + _ M 160.9 161.2 161.2 161.5 2.0 .2 .2 2.1 .2 .0 M 160.1 160.5 161.0 161.5 2.1 .6 .3 2.3 .6 .3 M 156.7 156.8 157.4 157.6 1.4 .5 .1 1.7 .4 .4 M M M 161.7 159.5 170.8 162.5 159.7 170.8 162.1 160.5 171.7 162.5 161.1 172.3 2.3 1.4 2.4 .0 .9 .9 .2 .4 .3 2.4 1.5 2.1 .2 .6 .5 -.2 .5 .5 M 166.4 166.8 168.6 167.7 1.7 .5 -.5 2.5 1.3 1.1 M 160.6 161.2 161.6 162.5 3.6 .8 .6 3.4 .6 .2 Baltimore, MD 6/ ....................... _ Boston-Lawrence-Salem, MA-NH ........... Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH ............. Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL .............. St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL 7/ ..... + _ Washington, DC-MD-VA 6/ ................ + _ 1 156.9 - 156.7 - - - - .8 -.1 - 1 1 1 1 167.1 156.3 157.9 153.3 - 167.8 157.3 158.5 155.1 - - - - 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.7 .4 .6 .4 1.2 - 1 162.9 - 163.6 - - - - 1.7 .4 - Dallas-Fort Worth, TX .................. Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI .................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX ......... Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA 7/ ........ + _ 2 2 2 2 + + B 3/ ................................. _ C 3/ ................................. _ D .................................... Selected local areas Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI...... Los Angeles-Anaheim-Riverside, CA ...... N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT Phil.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD 5/ ......................... + _ San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA 5/ .. + _ + - 151.2 156.9 145.4 157.5 - 152.8 157.9 147.3 157.9 1.4 2.7 2.9 2.2 1.1 .6 1.3 .3 - - + + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ 3/ _ Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes. Starting in January, 1998, a new Size Class B/C will be introduced, composed of current - - + 4/ _ 5/ _ + 6/ _ + 7/ _ + NOTE: Size Class B and Size Class C cities. Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. There will be no individual Size Class B or Size Class C. Indexes for the cities of Philadelphia and San Francisco will no longer be published on a monthly basis starting in January, 1998. Beginning in February, 1998 they will be published on a bi-monthly basis. Indexes for the cities of Washington and Baltimore will no longer be published separately after December, 1997. Beginning in January, 1998 the two cities will be published as a Washington-Baltimore combined metropolitan area. Indexes for the cities of Pittsburgh and St. Louis will no longer be published on a bi-monthly basis after December, 1997. Beginning in July, 1998 they will be published semi-annually, each January and July. Data not available. Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses. Table 4. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Relative Unadjusted indexes importance, December Sept. Oct. 1996 1997 1997 Unadjusted percent change to Oct. 1997 fromOct. 1996 Sept. 1997 Seasonally adjusted percent change fromJuly to Aug. to Sept. to Aug. Sept. Oct. Expenditure category All items .................................. All items (1967=100) ....................... 100.000 - 158.3 471.5 158.5 472.3 1.9 - 0.1 - 0.2 - 0.3 - 0.2 - Food and beverages ....................... Food ................................... Food at home ......................... Cereals and bakery products ........ Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ..... Dairy products 1/ .................. 19.436 17.749 11.387 1.688 3.535 1.387 157.8 157.4 157.7 177.7 148.7 143.2 158.1 157.7 158.0 178.0 148.5 145.5 1.9 1.8 1.3 1.9 .7 -2.3 .2 .2 .2 .2 -.1 1.6 .4 .3 .4 .1 .0 .0 .1 .1 .0 .2 -.3 .1 .2 .2 .3 .3 -.2 1.6 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + _ Fruits and vegetables 2/ ........... _ Other food at home ................. Sugar and sweets ................. Fats and oils .................... Nonalcoholic beverages ........... Other prepared food .............. Food away from home .................. Alcoholic beverages .................... Housing 2/ ............................... _ Shelter ................................ Renters' costs 3/ 4/.................. _ _ Rent, residential .................. Other renters' costs 4/ ............ _ Homeowners' costs 3/ 4/............... _ _ Owners' equivalent rent 3/ ......... _ Household insurance 3/ 4/ .......... _ _ Maintenance and repairs 1/ 4/ ........ _ _ Maintenance and repair services 1/ 4/ ................. _ _ Maintenance and repair commodities 1/ 4/ .............. _ _ Fuel and other utilities 2/ ............ _ Fuels ................................ Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities .................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)....................... Other utilities and public services 4/ ...................... _ Household furnishings and operation 2/ . _ 2.086 187.5 187.7 2.0 .1 2.6 -.4 .5 2.691 .373 .282 .841 1.194 6.362 1.687 148.2 148.4 141.7 135.2 161.8 157.8 162.6 148.4 148.0 141.4 135.2 162.3 158.2 162.8 3.4 1.6 .1 6.4 2.6 2.6 2.1 .1 -.3 -.2 .0 .3 .3 .1 .0 -.8 .6 -.1 .2 .2 .4 .3 .5 .5 -.1 .4 .3 .0 -.1 -.3 -.4 -.1 .1 .2 .1 38.747 154.4 154.4 2.5 .0 .0 .3 .2 25.867 8.079 172.2 163.1 172.7 163.6 3.0 3.3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2 .3 .3 .4 6.580 1.499 167.5 223.1 167.9 224.6 3.1 4.7 .2 .7 .3 .3 .3 .4 .2 1.2 17.599 166.7 167.1 2.9 .2 .1 .2 .2 17.277 167.0 167.4 2.9 .2 .2 .2 .2 .322 151.2 151.3 1.7 .1 .4 .5 .1 .189 141.1 142.6 3.0 1.1 .1 -1.9 1.1 .105 152.2 154.4 3.3 1.4 .4 -2.7 1.4 .084 127.2 127.8 2.4 .5 -.2 -.6 .5 7.344 131.9 130.6 1.8 -1.0 -.5 .7 .4 3.979 119.3 116.8 1.0 -2.1 -.8 1.0 .6 .391 93.4 95.0 -7.4 1.7 -.6 .1 -.2 3.588 127.6 124.6 2.0 -2.4 -.7 1.1 .6 3.365 163.1 163.3 2.6 .1 -.1 .3 .1 5.536 123.9 123.9 .4 .0 -.3 .1 .1 + + + + + + + + + + Housefurnishings 4/ .................. _ Housekeeping supplies ................ Housekeeping services 4/ ............. _ 3.261 109.1 109.0 -.6 -.1 -.5 -.1 .1 1.129 1.145 143.7 156.1 143.9 156.2 1.3 2.4 .1 .1 -.7 .4 .3 .3 .0 .1 5.348 4.838 132.1 128.6 133.9 130.5 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.5 -1.0 -1.1 .2 .2 .1 .1 1.286 2.053 .240 131.2 124.6 128.3 132.4 126.8 127.7 2.6 1.1 -.9 .9 1.8 -.5 .0 -2.1 -2.7 .3 .7 -.1 -.1 -.6 -.5 .799 .461 128.3 144.8 131.8 145.4 2.0 -4.3 2.7 .4 .7 -1.7 -.5 -1.2 1.7 1.0 .510 162.8 162.8 1.9 .0 .1 .1 .0 Transportation ........................... Private transportation ................. New vehicles ......................... New cars ........................... Used cars ............................ Motor fuel ........................... Gasoline ........................... Maintenance and repairs .............. Other private transportation 4/....... _ Other private transportation commodities 4/.................. _ Other private transportation services 4/ .................... _ Public transportation .................. 19.190 17.934 4.893 3.533 2.320 3.921 1.616 5.185 143.6 141.4 144.0 139.7 149.7 109.2 109.2 164.5 172.3 143.6 141.1 144.7 140.2 149.4 106.6 106.3 164.9 173.8 .1 -.1 -.2 -.6 -5.6 .6 .9 2.2 1.5 .0 -.2 .5 .4 -.2 -2.4 -2.7 .2 .9 .7 .9 -.2 -.1 -.7 5.0 5.5 .1 .0 .4 .3 .1 .0 -.2 1.4 1.6 .0 .1 -.1 -.1 -.1 -.2 -.5 -.5 -.6 .1 -.1 .742 103.8 103.6 -.5 -.2 -.5 -.2 -.2 4.442 189.7 191.6 1.8 1.0 .1 .1 .0 1.256 183.5 187.8 1.9 2.3 -1.6 1.2 2.2 Medical care ............................. Medical care commodities ............... Medical care services .................. Professional medical services ........ 6.251 1.047 5.204 2.973 234.7 212.5 239.7 217.8 235.2 212.9 240.3 218.1 2.5 1.5 2.7 3.2 .2 .2 .3 .1 .2 -.2 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 .0 .2 .2 Entertainment 4/ ......................... _ Entertainment commodities 4/ ........... 4.015 160.5 160.6 1.8 .1 .4 -.2 .1 2.036 143.4 143.1 .4 -.2 .6 .1 -.3 Apparel and upkeep ....................... Apparel commodities 4/ ................. _ Men's and boys' apparel .............. Women's and girls' apparel............ Infants' and toddlers' apparel 1/ .... _ Footwear ............................. Other apparel commodities 4/.......... _ Apparel services 1/ 4/ ................. _ _ + + + + + + + + _ Entertainment services 4/ .............. _ Other goods and services 2/ .............. _ Tobacco and smoking products ........... Personal care 1/ ....................... _ Toilet goods and personal care appliances 1/ .................... _ Personal care services 1/ ............ _ Personal and educational expenses 4/ ... _ School books and supplies ............ Personal and educational services 4/ . _ 1.979 184.8 185.3 3.1 .3 .1 -.4 .4 7.012 224.6 226.1 5.0 .7 .5 .5 .8 2.117 1.107 246.1 152.6 249.9 153.3 6.4 1.6 1.5 .5 .6 .0 1.4 .1 1.5 .5 .610 144.7 145.4 .0 .5 -.1 .2 .5 .497 163.0 163.5 3.5 .3 .1 .1 .3 3.788 260.2 260.8 5.3 .2 .6 .2 .4 .232 3.556 243.9 261.8 244.7 262.4 5.3 5.3 .3 .2 .4 .6 .0 .2 .6 .4 100.000 47.057 19.436 27.621 16.215 4.838 158.3 142.1 157.8 132.5 135.5 128.6 158.5 142.3 158.1 132.7 135.7 130.5 1.9 .9 1.9 .3 1.4 1.0 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 1.5 .2 .4 .4 .4 .8 -1.1 .3 .2 .1 .4 .7 .2 .2 .1 .2 .0 .1 .1 11.377 11.407 52.943 25.329 141.9 127.2 177.7 165.8 141.2 127.3 178.0 166.2 1.6 -1.5 2.9 3.0 -.5 .1 .2 .2 1.8 -.3 .1 .2 .8 .0 .3 .3 -.1 -.1 .3 .2 8.553 135.8 134.5 2.3 -1.0 -.4 .6 .4 7.314 5.204 6.542 182.3 239.7 209.0 184.2 240.3 209.4 1.9 2.7 4.2 1.0 .3 .2 -.2 .3 .4 .2 .2 .0 .4 .2 .4 82.251 158.4 158.6 2.0 .1 .2 .3 .2 Commodity and service group All items .................................. Commodities .............................. Food and beverages ..................... Commodities less food and beverages .... Nondurables less food and beverages .. Apparel commodities 4/ ............. + _ Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel .................... Durables ............................. Services ................................. Rent of shelter 3/ ..................... + _ Household services less rent of shelter 3/ 4/....................... + _ _ Transportation services ................ Medical care services .................. Other services ......................... Special indexes All items less food ........................ All items less shelter ..................... All items less homeowners' costs 3/ 4/...... + _ _ All items less medical care ................ Commodities less food ...................... Nondurables less food ...................... Nondurables less food and apparel .......... Nondurables ................................ Services less rent of shelter 3/ 4/ ........ + _ _ Services less medical care services ........ Energy ..................................... All items less energy ...................... All items less food and energy ........... Commodities less food and energy commodities ................. Energy commodities ................... Services less energy services .......... Purchasing power of the consumer dollar: 1982-84=$1.00 1/ ......................... + _ 1967=$1.00 1/ ............................ + _ 74.133 82.401 154.6 148.4 154.8 148.6 1.6 1.7 .1 .1 .3 .2 .3 .3 .2 .2 93.749 29.308 17.901 13.064 35.651 27.613 154.7 133.7 137.1 142.9 147.0 168.8 154.9 133.9 137.3 142.4 147.2 169.0 1.9 .4 1.5 1.7 1.7 2.8 .1 .1 .1 -.3 .1 .1 .3 .4 .7 1.8 .6 .0 .3 .3 .8 .8 .3 .3 .2 .0 .0 -.1 .1 .4 47.738 7.901 92.099 74.350 172.4 113.5 164.6 166.5 172.7 111.0 165.2 167.1 2.9 .8 2.0 2.1 .2 -2.2 .4 .4 -.1 2.0 .1 .0 .3 1.2 .1 .2 .4 .1 .2 .2 24.996 4.312 49.354 141.5 108.1 183.3 142.2 105.8 183.9 .4 -.2 3.0 .5 -2.1 .3 -.4 4.5 .2 .2 1.2 .2 .1 -.4 .3 - $.632 $.631 -1.9 -.2 -.2 -.3 -.2 - .212 .212 - - - - - + + + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ 3/ _ 4/ _ NOTE: Not seasonally adjusted. This index series will undergo a change in composition in January, 1998. Indexes on a December 1984=100 base. This index series will no longer appear in its present form after December, 1997. See Table X for a comparable index series. Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 5. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W): U.S. city average, by expenditure category and commodity and service group (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Seasonally adjusted indexes July 1997 Aug. 1997 Sept. 1997 Oct. 1997 Jan. 1997 Seasonally adjusted annual rate percent change for 3 months ended6 months endedApr. July Oct. Apr. Oct. 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997 Expenditure category All items .................................... + + + + + + + + + + - - - - 2.9 1.0 1.3 2.6 1.9 1.9 Food and beverages ......................... Food ..................................... Food at home ........................... Cereals and bakery products .......... Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs ....... Dairy products 1/ .................... _ Fruits and vegetables 2/.............. _ Other food at home ................... Sugar and sweets ................... Fats and oils ...................... Nonalcoholic beverages ............. Other prepared food ................ Food away from home .................... Alcoholic beverages ...................... 157.5 157.1 157.5 177.4 149.1 143.0 158.1 157.6 158.2 177.5 149.1 143.0 158.2 157.8 158.2 177.9 148.7 143.2 158.5 158.1 158.6 178.4 148.4 145.5 1.0 .5 -1.0 2.8 2.5 -3.4 .3 .5 -.5 -.5 -2.4 -5.8 3.6 3.6 4.4 3.2 4.7 -6.4 2.6 2.6 2.8 2.3 -1.9 7.2 .6 .5 -.8 1.1 .0 -4.6 3.1 3.1 3.6 2.7 1.4 .1 186.0 190.9 190.2 191.1 -10.9 -1.7 11.5 11.4 -6.4 11.5 147.9 148.7 140.5 135.7 161.0 157.1 162.2 147.9 147.5 141.3 135.6 161.4 157.4 162.8 148.3 148.2 142.0 135.4 162.1 157.8 162.8 148.2 147.7 141.4 135.2 162.3 158.1 163.0 2.3 3.6 .3 .9 2.8 3.4 3.0 5.1 3.0 .9 10.4 3.6 2.1 .5 5.6 2.7 -3.3 16.6 .7 2.3 3.0 .8 -2.7 2.6 -1.5 3.3 2.6 2.0 3.7 3.3 .6 5.6 3.2 2.7 1.8 3.2 .0 -.4 7.2 2.0 2.4 2.5 Housing 2/ ................................. _ Shelter .................................. Renters' costs 3/ 4/.................... _ _ Rent, residential .................... Other renters' costs 4/ .............. _ Homeowners' costs 3/ 4/ ................ _ _ Owners' equivalent rent 3/ ........... _ Household insurance 3/ 4/ ............ _ _ Maintenance and repairs 1/ 4/ .......... _ _ Maintenance and repair services 1/ 4/ _ _ 153.4 153.4 153.9 154.2 3.5 1.6 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.2 171.3 161.9 171.6 162.4 172.0 162.9 172.5 163.6 2.9 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.1 2.3 2.8 4.3 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.3 166.5 223.3 167.0 223.9 167.5 224.7 167.9 227.5 3.0 5.8 2.7 6.3 3.2 -1.1 3.4 7.7 2.8 6.1 3.3 3.2 165.9 166.1 166.5 166.8 2.7 3.2 3.4 2.2 3.0 2.8 166.2 166.5 166.8 167.1 2.7 3.2 3.4 2.2 3.0 2.8 149.7 150.3 151.1 151.2 -1.6 3.0 1.9 4.1 .7 3.0 143.6 143.8 141.1 142.6 4.7 2.6 7.6 -2.8 3.6 2.3 155.9 156.5 152.2 154.4 1.3 2.4 13.9 -3.8 1.9 4.7 + + + + + + + + + + + Maintenance and repair commodities 1/ 4/ ................ _ _ Fuel and other utilities 2/............... _ Fuels .................................. Fuel oil and other household fuel commodities ...................... Gas (piped) and electricity (energy services)......................... Other utilities and public services 4/ . _ Household furnishings and operation 2/ ... _ Housefurnishings 4/ .................... _ Housekeeping supplies .................. Housekeeping services 4/ ............... _ 128.3 128.0 127.2 127.8 8.3 2.9 .3 -1.5 5.5 -.6 130.1 129.5 130.4 130.9 7.4 -3.3 1.2 2.5 1.9 1.9 115.6 114.7 115.8 116.5 10.5 -7.2 -1.0 3.2 1.2 1.0 97.1 96.5 96.6 96.4 17.2 -27.0 -11.1 -2.9 -7.5 -7.1 123.1 163.0 122.2 162.8 123.5 163.3 124.3 163.5 10.2 3.0 -5.0 1.8 -.3 4.3 4.0 1.2 2.3 2.4 1.8 2.7 124.0 123.6 123.7 123.8 .3 .3 1.3 -.6 .3 .3 109.5 109.0 108.9 109.0 -.4 -1.1 .4 -1.8 -.7 -.7 144.4 154.9 143.4 155.5 143.8 156.0 143.8 156.2 2.6 .0 2.5 3.2 1.7 3.2 -1.7 3.4 2.6 1.6 .0 3.3 Apparel and upkeep ......................... Apparel commodities 4/ ................... _ Men's and boys' apparel ................ Women's and girls' apparel ............. Infants' and toddlers' apparel 1/ ...... _ Footwear ............................... Other apparel commodities 4/............ _ Apparel services 1/ 4/ ................... _ _ 132.8 129.4 131.5 128.0 131.7 128.2 131.8 128.3 3.1 3.2 4.3 4.4 .3 .0 -3.0 -3.4 3.7 3.8 -1.4 -1.7 130.4 126.2 132.0 130.4 123.6 128.4 130.8 124.5 128.3 130.7 123.7 127.7 6.1 7.4 -1.2 2.8 4.6 21.5 .9 1.0 -8.3 .9 -7.7 -12.4 4.4 6.0 9.5 .9 -3.5 -10.4 128.1 147.1 129.0 144.6 128.3 142.8 130.5 144.2 -.9 -11.2 3.2 1.7 -1.5 .5 7.7 -7.7 1.1 -5.0 3.0 -3.6 162.6 162.7 162.8 162.8 2.8 2.3 2.2 .5 2.5 1.4 Transportation ............................. Private transportation ................... New vehicles ........................... New cars ............................. Used cars .............................. Motor fuel ............................. Gasoline ............................. Maintenance and repairs ................ Other private transportation 4/......... _ Other private transportation commodities 4/.................... 142.4 140.0 145.7 141.4 150.6 101.2 100.6 164.3 173.6 143.4 141.3 145.4 141.3 149.5 106.3 106.1 164.4 173.6 144.0 141.7 145.6 141.3 149.2 107.8 107.8 164.4 173.7 143.9 141.5 145.4 141.0 148.5 107.3 107.2 164.6 173.6 4.0 4.3 .0 -.8 -2.5 21.8 21.9 2.8 .0 -2.7 -3.0 .8 .3 .3 -18.5 -18.3 1.5 3.6 -4.9 -5.2 -.8 -.8 -14.2 -18.5 -19.2 3.7 2.3 4.3 4.4 -.8 -1.1 -5.5 26.4 28.9 .7 .0 .6 .6 .4 -.3 -1.1 -.4 -.2 2.1 1.8 -.4 -.6 -.8 -1.0 -10.0 1.5 2.1 2.2 1.2 104.6 104.1 103.9 103.7 -1.1 -.8 3.5 -3.4 -1.0 .0 + + + + + + + + + + + _ Other private transportation services 4/ ...................... _ Public transportation .................... 191.1 191.2 191.4 191.4 .2 4.3 2.1 .6 2.2 1.4 185.3 182.3 184.4 188.4 -1.7 2.4 .4 6.9 .3 3.6 Medical care ............................... Medical care commodities ................. Medical care services .................... Professional medical services .......... Entertainment 4/ ........................... _ Entertainment commodities 4/ ............. _ Entertainment services 4/ ................ _ 234.3 213.0 238.9 217.0 160.3 234.7 212.5 239.5 217.7 161.0 235.1 212.9 240.0 218.0 160.6 235.6 212.9 240.5 218.4 160.7 2.6 .4 3.3 3.6 2.3 3.2 3.9 2.9 4.2 1.3 2.3 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.2 -.2 2.7 2.6 1.0 2.9 2.1 3.1 3.9 1.8 2.2 .8 2.5 2.5 1.8 142.7 143.6 143.7 143.3 .8 -1.1 .6 1.7 -.1 1.1 185.4 185.6 184.8 185.5 3.4 4.3 4.7 .2 3.8 2.4 Other goods and services 2/................. _ Tobacco and smoking products ............. Personal care 1/ ......................... _ Toilet goods and personal care appliances 1/ ...................... _ Personal care services 1/ .............. _ Personal and educational expenses 4/ ..... _ School books and supplies .............. Personal and educational services 4/ ... _ 221.6 222.7 223.9 225.6 4.0 7.6 1.5 7.4 5.8 4.4 241.2 152.4 242.7 152.4 246.1 152.6 249.9 153.3 2.2 1.9 13.5 2.7 -4.0 -.5 15.2 2.4 7.7 2.3 5.2 .9 144.6 144.4 144.7 145.4 -2.7 2.8 -2.2 2.2 .0 .0 162.6 162.8 163.0 163.5 7.3 3.3 1.2 2.2 5.3 1.7 256.0 257.5 257.9 259.0 5.6 5.6 5.5 4.8 5.6 5.1 242.1 257.3 243.1 258.8 243.1 259.2 244.5 260.3 3.1 5.8 5.1 5.7 9.1 5.1 4.0 4.7 4.1 5.7 6.5 4.9 141.3 157.5 131.4 133.3 129.4 141.9 158.1 131.9 134.3 128.0 142.2 158.2 132.4 135.2 128.2 142.3 158.5 132.4 135.3 128.3 2.9 2.6 1.0 3.7 6.1 3.2 1.0 -.6 .3 -1.5 -2.1 4.4 1.3 -1.1 3.6 -4.2 -4.1 .0 2.6 2.9 2.6 3.1 6.1 -3.4 1.9 1.0 .6 1.1 2.0 3.8 1.9 .8 3.1 -.6 .9 -1.7 137.7 128.1 140.2 127.7 141.3 127.7 141.2 127.6 9.5 -.3 -4.2 -.9 -8.3 -2.8 10.6 -1.6 2.5 -.6 .7 -2.2 Commodity and service group All items .................................... Commodities ................................ Food and beverages ....................... Commodities less food and beverages ...... Nondurables less food and beverages .... Apparel commodities 4/ ............... + _ Nondurables less food, beverages, and apparel ...................... Durables ............................... + + Services ................................... Rent of shelter 3/ ....................... _ Household services less rent of shelter 3/ 4/...................... _ _ Transportation services .................. Medical care services .................... Other services ........................... 176.8 165.0 176.9 165.3 177.4 165.8 177.9 166.2 3.3 3.3 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.2 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.8 3.1 134.0 133.4 134.2 134.8 5.3 -.9 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.4 183.4 238.9 207.6 183.0 239.5 208.4 183.4 240.0 208.3 184.1 240.5 209.1 .2 3.3 5.1 3.6 2.9 4.6 2.2 2.2 4.6 1.5 2.7 2.9 1.9 3.1 4.8 1.9 2.5 3.7 157.2 153.7 147.6 157.5 154.1 147.9 158.0 154.5 148.3 158.3 154.8 148.6 3.4 2.9 2.8 1.3 .3 .8 .5 .3 .5 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.3 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.6 153.7 132.9 134.9 139.3 145.6 167.8 154.1 133.4 135.9 141.8 146.5 167.8 154.5 133.8 137.0 142.9 147.0 168.3 154.8 133.8 137.0 142.8 147.1 169.0 2.9 3.6 5.7 6.7 3.9 3.2 1.0 -1.2 -2.6 -4.1 -1.1 2.4 .8 -3.8 -3.2 -5.5 .0 2.7 2.9 2.7 6.4 10.4 4.2 2.9 2.0 1.2 1.5 1.1 1.4 2.8 1.8 -.6 1.5 2.1 2.1 2.8 171.6 107.8 164.4 166.5 171.5 110.0 164.6 166.5 172.0 111.3 164.8 166.8 172.7 111.4 165.2 167.1 3.4 16.1 1.7 2.2 2.4 -12.9 2.5 2.9 3.6 -10.1 2.0 1.7 2.6 14.0 2.0 1.4 2.9 .5 2.1 2.6 3.1 1.3 2.0 1.6 142.0 101.1 182.9 141.5 105.7 183.2 141.8 107.0 183.6 141.9 106.6 184.1 .9 21.4 2.7 2.3 -19.2 3.4 -1.1 -17.9 3.1 -.3 23.6 2.7 1.6 -.9 3.0 -.7 .8 2.9 Special indexes All items less food .......................... All items less shelter ....................... All items less homeowners' costs 3/ 4/........ + _ _ All items less medical care .................. Commodities less food ........................ Nondurables less food ........................ Nondurables less food and apparel ............ Nondurables .................................. Services less rent of shelter 3/ ............. + _ Services less medical care services .......... Energy ....................................... All items less energy ........................ All items less food and energy ............. Commodities less food and energy commodities .......................... Energy commodities ..................... Services less energy services ............ + + + + + 1/ _ 2/ _ 3/ _ 4/ _ NOTE: Not seasonally adjusted. This index series will undergo a change in composition in January, 1998. Indexes on a December 1984=100 base. This index series will no longer appear in its present form after December, 1997. See Table X for a comparable index series. Data not available. Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Table 6. Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers: Selected areas, all items index (1982-84=100, unless otherwise noted) + Indexes Percent change to Oct. 1997 fromOct. Aug. Sept. 1996 1997 1997 Percent change to Sept. 1997 fromSept. July Aug. 1996 1997 1997 Area Pricing schedule 1/ _ U.S. city average ...................... M 157.5 157.8 158.3 158.5 1.9 0.4 0.1 2.1 0.5 0.3 Northeast urban......................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 500,000 to 1,200,000 3/..... + _ Size C - 50,000 to 500,000 3/........ + _ M M M 164.7 164.3 163.5 164.9 164.5 163.7 165.6 165.4 163.4 165.8 165.5 163.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 .5 .6 -.1 .1 .1 .1 2.2 2.2 2.3 .5 .7 -.1 .4 .5 -.2 M 167.5 167.8 168.6 168.9 2.2 .7 .2 3.0 .7 .5 North Central urban .................... Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 360,000 to 1,200,000 3/..... + _ Size C - 50,000 to 360,000 3/........ + _ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... M M M 153.1 152.9 151.9 153.6 153.6 152.3 153.9 153.9 152.3 154.0 153.9 152.7 2.0 2.1 1.7 .3 .2 .3 .1 .0 .3 2.2 2.3 1.9 .5 .7 .3 .2 .2 .0 M 155.7 156.1 156.9 156.9 2.1 .5 .0 2.8 .8 .5 M 150.7 150.9 151.5 151.1 1.3 .1 -.3 1.6 .5 .4 M M M 155.3 153.9 156.2 155.5 154.0 156.5 155.9 154.5 156.6 156.1 154.7 156.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 .4 .5 .2 .1 .1 .1 1.8 1.8 2.0 .4 .4 .3 .3 .3 .1 M 155.7 155.9 156.4 156.9 1.4 .6 .3 1.3 .4 .3 M 156.6 157.0 157.7 157.3 1.6 .2 -.3 2.5 .7 .4 + + July 1997 Aug. 1997 Sept. 1997 Oct. 1997 Region and area size 2/ _ South urban ............................ Size A - More than 1,200,000 ........ Size B - 450,000 to 1,200,000 3/..... + _ Size C - 50,000 to 450,000 3/........ + _ Size D - Nonmetropolitan (less than 50,000) ......... West urban ............................. Size A - More than 1,250,000 ........ Size C - 50,000 to 330,000 3/........ + _ M M M 157.6 156.2 162.9 158.0 156.5 163.5 158.6 157.2 164.1 159.3 157.9 164.9 2.2 2.3 2.9 .8 .9 .9 .4 .4 .5 2.0 2.1 2.6 .6 .6 .7 .4 .4 .4 M 143.6 143.9 144.4 144.7 2.1 .6 .2 2.1 .6 .3 M 157.8 158.0 158.0 158.3 1.9 .2 .2 1.9 .1 .0 M 159.1 159.4 160.0 160.4 1.9 .6 .3 2.2 .6 .4 M 155.8 156.0 156.6 156.7 1.3 .4 .1 1.7 .5 .4 M M M 156.0 153.8 166.6 156.7 154.0 166.7 156.4 154.7 167.7 156.9 155.4 168.1 2.1 1.4 2.3 .1 .9 .8 .3 .5 .2 2.1 1.3 2.0 .3 .6 .7 -.2 .5 .6 M 165.5 165.9 167.9 166.8 1.6 .5 -.7 2.6 1.5 1.2 M 157.5 158.1 158.6 159.5 3.4 .9 .6 3.1 .7 .3 Baltimore, MD 6/ ....................... _ Boston-Lawrence-Salem, MA-NH ........... Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH ............. Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL .............. St. Louis-East St. Louis, MO-IL 7/ ..... + _ Washington, DC-MD-VA 6/ ................ + _ 1 155.6 - 155.6 - - - - .8 .0 - 1 1 1 1 165.8 148.2 155.5 152.5 - 166.2 149.2 156.1 154.0 - - - - 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.6 .2 .7 .4 1.0 - 1 160.2 - 161.1 - - - - 1.8 .6 - Dallas-Fort Worth, TX .................. Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI .................. Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX ......... Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA 7/ ........ + _ 2 2 2 2 Size classes A 4/ ................................. + _ B 3/ ................................. + _ C 3/ ................................. + _ D .................................... Selected local areas Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI...... Los Angeles-Anaheim-Riverside, CA ...... N.Y.-Northern N.J.-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT Phil.-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD 5/ ......................... + _ San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA 5/ .. + _ + - 151.1 151.6 144.9 151.0 - 152.8 152.4 146.3 151.3 1.4 2.4 2.7 2.2 1.1 .5 1.0 .2 - - + + 1/ _ Foods, fuels, and several other items priced every month in all areas; most other goods and services priced as - - + + 2/ _ 3/ _ + 4/ _ 5/ _ + 6/ _ + 7/ _ + NOTE: indicated: M - Every month. 1 - January, March, May, July, September, and November. 2 - February, April, June, August, October, and December. Regions defined as the four Census regions. See map in technical notes. Starting in January, 1998, a new Size Class B/C will be introduced, composed of current Size Class B and Size Class C cities. Indexes on a December 1986=100 base. There will be no individual Size Class B or Size Class C. Indexes for the cities of Philadelphia and San Francisco will no longer be published on a monthly basis starting in January, 1998. Beginning in February, 1998 they will be published on a bi-monthly basis. Indexes for the cities of Washington and Baltimore will no longer be published separately after December, 1997. Beginning in January, 1998 the two cities will be published as a Washington-Baltimore combined metropolitan area. Indexes for the cities of Pittsburgh and St. Louis will no longer be published on a bi-monthly basis after December, 1997. Beginning in July, 1998 they will be published semi-annually, each January and July. Data not available. Local area CPI indexes are byproducts of the national CPI program. Each local index has a smaller sample size than the national index and is, therefore, subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are similar. Therefore, the Bureau of Labor Statistics strongly urges users to consider adopting the national average CPI for use in their escalator clauses.
@FedFRASER