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Technical information: (202) 691-6378
http://www.bls.gov/cps/
Media contact:
691-5902
USDL 02-601
For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT
Wednesday, October 23, 2002
COMPUTER AND INTERNET USE AT WORK IN 2001
In September 2001, 72.3 million persons used a computer at work, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.
These workers accounted for 53.5 percent of total employment. About 2 of
every 5 employed persons connected to the Internet or used e-mail on the
job.
These findings are from a special supplement to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) in September 2001. The CPS is a monthly household survey that
provides information on national employment and unemployment. The Computer
Use Survey obtained information on computer and Internet or e-mail use at
home, school, and work, as well as on the use of the Internet for jobsearch.
The data presented in this release pertain to computer and to Internet use
at work and to jobsearch methods using the Internet. (In the survey, respondents were asked if they "connected to the Internet or used e-mail." In
this release, these two tasks will be collectively referred to as "Internet
use.") For further information about the survey, see the Technical Note.
Some of the highlights from the 2001 data include:
-- The proportion of workers who used a computer varied greatly by occupation. The computer-use rate for managers and professionals was about
80 percent, in contrast to only about 19 percent each for operators,
fabricators, and laborers and for farming, forestry, and fishing
occupations.
-- Women were more likely to use a computer at work than men (59.9 percent
and 47.9 percent, respectively). The proportion of women who used the
Internet (41.2 percent) also was higher than for men (36.0 percent).
-- Whites were more likely than blacks or Hispanics to use a computer or
the Internet at work.
-- The likelihood of computer or Internet use at work is much higher among
more educated workers.
-- Of the 72.3 million workers who used a computer at work, the most commonly reported task was using their computers to access the Internet or
use e-mail.
-- About 1 in every 10 individuals in the civilian noninstitutional population age 16 and over said that they had used the Internet between
January and September 2001 to search for a job. The most often used
Internet jobsearch methods were reading on-line ads and researching
information on potential employers.
Occupation and Industry
There was a great deal of variation by occupation with regard to computer
and to Internet use on the job. Computer and Internet use at work was most
common among managerial and professional specialty occupations, with
79.6 percent reporting that they used a computer at work and 65.8 percent
using the Internet. Technicians and related support occupations (which
includes computer programmers) and administrative support occupations also
had high rates of computer and of Internet use; about three-fourths of both
groups said they used a computer at work and roughly half reported that they
used the Internet. In contrast, computer- and Internet-use rates (23.3 percent and 11.9 percent, respectively) were very low for service workers, for
operators, fabricators, and laborers (19.5 percent and 8.4 percent, respectively), and for workers in farming, forestry, and fishing occupations
(19.1 percent and 12.8 percent, respectively). (See table 2.)
- 2 Also, the use of computers and of the Internet varied among different
industries. In private-sector industries, workers in the finance, insurance,
and real estate industry had the highest rates of computer use (81.4 percent)
and of Internet use (66.2 percent). In contrast, computer- and Internetuse rates were lowest in the agriculture (22.6 percent and 12.2 percent,
respectively) and construction (21.3 percent and 14.5 percent, respectively)
industries. (See table 2.)
Workers in the public sector had above-average rates of computer and of
Internet use. Among government workers, 67.2 percent used a computer on
the job and 52.5 percent used the Internet. By comparison, the proportions
for all private-sector wage and salary workers were 51.2 percent and
35.6 percent, respectively. The higher rates of computer and of Internet
use among government workers can be explained by their occupational makeup.
For example, nearly half of all government workers hold managerial and
professional specialty jobs, an occupational category that has very high
rates of computer and of Internet use. In contrast, the proportion of
private-sector wage and salary workers employed in managerial and professional occupations is much lower--about one-fourth. (See table 2.)
Demographics
Younger and older workers were least likely to use a computer or the
Internet on the job. Among workers ages 16 to 24 years and ages 65 years
and over, roughly 1 in every 3 used a computer at work and only about 1 in
every 5 reported using the Internet on the job. In contrast, over half of
the workers ages 25 to 64 years used a computer and about two-fifths used
the Internet on the job. The likelihood of using a computer or of accessing
the Internet was highest among workers ages 25 to 54 years; nearly threefifths of these workers used a computer on the job and over two-fifths used
the Internet. (See table 1.)
Women were more likely than men to use a computer or the Internet.
Computer-use rates for women and men were 59.9 percent and 47.9 percent,
respectively; the Internet-use rate for women was 41.2 percent, compared
with 36.0 percent for men. The higher rate of on-the-job computer use
among women is largely due to their concentration in occupations in which
computer use is most common. For example, nearly three-fifths of women
hold managerial, professional, or administrative support jobs; the computeruse rate for women in these three occupations combined was very high-78.4 percent. In contrast, about two-fifths of men are employed inprecision
production, craft, and repair; operator, fabricator, and laborer; and
farming occupations. Among men, the combined computer-use rate in these
three occupations was 23.1 percent, about 30 percentage points lower
than that for all workers.
Computer use at work was more common among white workers (54.9 percent)
than black (43.2 percent) or Hispanic workers (32.0 percent). With regard
to Internet use, 39.6 percent of whites used the Internet at work, compared
with 28.8 percent of blacks and only 19.8 percent of Hispanics. (See
table 1.)
In terms of educational attainment, workers with more education were
much more likely than those with less education to use a computer or the
Internet at work. For example, 84.2 percent of workers with advanced
degrees used a computer at work and 73.4 percent used the Internet. At
the other end of the educational spectrum, computer- and Internet-use rates
for workers with less than a high school diploma were 16.2 percent and
7.6 percent, respectively. (See table 1.)
- 3 Computer Activity at Work
Although there was a great deal of variation by worker characteristic,
the most common use for a computer at work was to access the Internet or to
use e-mail. Of the 72.3 million workers who used a computer on the job,
71.8 percent said that they used the computer to connect to the Internet or
use e-mail. Other common uses included word processing (67.0 percent),
working with spreadsheets or databases (62.3 percent), and calendar or
scheduling (52.9 percent). Less commonly reported uses were graphics and
design (28.8 percent) and programming (15.2 percent). (See table 3.)
Men and women used computers at work for different tasks. A higher
proportion of men than women reported using the computer to access the
Internet or use e-mail (75.1 percent compared with 68.8 percent). Men
also were more likely than women to use a computer for spreadsheets and
databases (64.9 percent compared with 59.9 percent), graphics and design
(32.0 percent compared with 25.8 percent), and computer programming
(20.4 percent compared with 10.5 percent). Women, however, were more likely
than men to report using the computer to do word processing (69.4 percent
compared with 64.3 percent). As mentioned previously, nearly three-fifths
of all women were employed as managers, professionals, or administrative
support workers; the proportion of workers in these three occupations that
used a computer to do word processing was very high--74.4 percent. (See
tables 3 and 4.)
In terms of occupation, workers in managerial and professional specialty
occupations, who had the highest rate of computer use on the job, reported
some of the highest proportions for specific uses of a computer. For
example, 82.7 percent used a computer to access the Internet or use e-mail,
78.3 percent to use word processing, and 70.3 percent to use spreadsheets
or databases. (See table 4.)
Jobsearch Activity Using the Internet
In addition to questions on computer and on Internet or e-mail use at
work, the survey also gathered information on Internet jobsearch. Respondents were asked if they had used the Internet (at any location) to
search for a job "that year" from January to September 2001. About
19.6 million individuals, or 9.2 percent of the civilian noninstitutional
population ages 16 and over, reported using the Internet to search for a
job. Jobsearch rates using the Internet were highest for individuals in
the 20-to-24 (17.4 percent), 25-to-34 (16.8 percent), and 35-to-44
(11.0 percent) year-age groups. (See table 5.)
Men and women were about equally likely to have used the Internet to
search for a job--nearly 1 in every 10 reported using the Internet to search
for a job. With regard to educational attainment, individuals with more
years of schooling were much more likely than those less educated to have
used the Internet to search for a job. The Internet-jobsearch rate for
college graduates was 15.6 percent, in contrast to only 1.5 percent for
those with less than a high school diploma. (See table 5.)
- 4 Table 6 shows data on jobsearch by occupation and industry. The estimates
shown in this table are limited to the experienced labor force--the sum of
the employed and the unemployed whose last job was in one of these occupations or industries. Of the 141.4 million individuals in this group in
September 2001, 17.2 million, or 12.2 percent of the total, used the Internet
to search for a job between January and September 2001. As was the case for
Internet use, individuals in managerial and professional specialty occupations had the highest rate of Internet jobsearch (16.9 percent). Jobsearch
rates for the other major occupations ranged from 14.3 percent for technical,
sales, and administrative support to 4.1 percent for farming, forestry, and
fishing.
The most common Internet-jobsearch methods reported were reading on-line
ads or job listings (92.2 percent of Internet jobseekers) and researching
information on potential employers (68.5 percent). The least common
methods used were posting a resume on a job listing site or with a service
(37.4 percent) and posting a resume on a personal website (4.8 percent).
This pattern of Internet jobsearch was essentially the same regardless of
demographic characteristic, occupation, or industry. (See tables 5 and 6.)
Technical Note
These data and other information on computer and Internet use were
obtained from a supplement to the September 2001 Current Population Survey
(CPS). The CPS is a monthly sample survey of about 60,000 households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS), principally to gather information on employment and unemployment.
Respondents to the September 2001 supplement answered questions about
computer and Internet use at home, school, and work in addition to other
information. The data in this release cover the incidence of computer and
Internet use at work and jobsearch activity using the Internet. The
National Telecommunications and Information Administration of the U.S.
Department of Commerce also analyzed data on computer and Internet use
collected from the September 2001 CPS supplement. For more information,
see A Nation Online: How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the
Internet, National Telecommunications and Information Administration,
February 2002, available on the Internet at http://www.ntia.doc.gov/
ntiahome/dn/index.html. Since 1984, surveys of computer (and later)
Internet use have been conducted periodically by the Census Bureau.
However, because of comparability issues, data in this release pertain
only to the September 2001 supplement.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD message referral
phone number: 1-800-877-8339.
Reliability of the estimates
Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error. When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed,
there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error,
varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will
differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value
because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the
90-percent level of confidence.
The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error
can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of
the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the
sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct
information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and for
information on estimating standard errors, see the "Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error" section of Employment and Earnings.
Concepts
Data discussed in this release on computer and Internet use at work and
jobsearch using the Internet were obtained from the following questions:
Do you use a computer at your main job?
1.
Yes
2.
No
At your main job, what do you do on the computer?
Do you do word processing or desktop publishing?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Do you connect to the Internet or use e-mail?
1.
Yes
2.
No
(Respondents who answer "yes" to this question are considered to be
Internet users at work.)
Do you use a calendar or do scheduling on the computer?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Do you use spreadsheets or databases?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Do you do graphics and design?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Do you do programming?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Do you use your work computer for any other purpose?
1.
Yes
2.
No
The following questions on jobsearch using the Internet were asked of
all individuals in the survey who said they used the Internet.
This year, have you used the Internet to search for a job?
1.
Yes
2.
No
("This year" refers to January to September 2001.)
How did you use the Internet to search for a job?
Did you read on-line job ads or search on-line job listings?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Did you research information about potential employers?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Did you submit a resume or application to an employer on-line?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Did you post a resume on a job listing site or with a service on-line?
1.
2.
Yes
No
Did you post a resume on your own website?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Did you do anything else to search for a job on-line?
1.
Yes
2.
No
Internet jobsearch
The above questions on Internet jobsearch were asked of all Internet
users in September 2001. The Internet jobsearch questions in the supplement
are different from the jobsearch questions that are asked in the basic labor
force section of the CPS and that are used in the classification of unemployment. The supplement questions on Internet jobsearch cannot be used to
determine the official classification of unemployment for several reasons.
In the basic CPS, jobsearch questions are not asked of persons with jobs,
while the Internet jobsearch questions were asked of all Internet users,
including employed persons. Also, in the basic CPS, jobsearch among the
unemployed must have occurred within the 4 weeks prior to the survey collection, but the Internet jobsearch activity could have occurred at any time
from January to September 2001. Moreover, there is no information about
respondents' labor force status during this longer reference period. Finally,
in the basic CPS, jobsearch methods are divided into active and passive;
only active methods--those that can lead to a job offer--classify a person
as unemployed. The Internet jobsearch methods in the supplement are not
restricted to active methods. For example, reading job ads or listings online and researching information on potential employers are not considered
to be active jobsearch methods in the basic CPS. However, tables 5 and 6
showing Internet jobsearch activity display both passive as well as active
jobsearch methods. Jobsearch activity as measured in the basic CPS may or
may not have involved the Internet.
Table 1. Employed persons who used a computer or the Internet at work by selected
characteristics, September 2001
(Numbers in thousands)
Used a computer
Used the Internet
at work
Characteristic
at work
Total
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
Age and sex
Total, 16 years and over..........
16 to 24 years........................
16 to 19 years......................
20 to 24 years......................
25 years and over.....................
25 to 34 years......................
35 to 44 years......................
45 to 54 years......................
55 to 64 years......................
65 years and over...................
135,089
20,024
6,633
13,391
115,065
29,638
35,881
30,831
14,293
4,423
72,277
7,087
1,532
5,555
65,190
17,038
20,909
18,075
7,681
1,488
53.5
35.4
23.1
41.5
56.7
57.5
58.3
58.6
53.7
33.6
51,929
3,973
565
3,408
47,956
12,739
15,410
13,387
5,495
925
38.4
19.8
8.5
25.4
41.7
43.0
42.9
43.4
38.4
20.9
Men...................................
Women.................................
72,306
62,784
34,663
37,614
47.9
59.9
26,040
25,889
36.0
41.2
113,130
15,367
14,848
62,063
6,635
4,754
54.9
43.2
32.0
44,746
4,433
2,933
39.6
28.8
19.8
102,228
21,265
11,596
58,918
8,414
4,945
57.6
39.6
42.6
43,578
4,854
3,497
42.6
22.8
30.2
115,065
11,275
35,220
21,319
11,154
36,096
12,695
65,190
1,831
14,227
12,565
7,013
29,553
10,685
56.7
16.2
40.4
58.9
62.9
81.9
84.2
47,956
859
8,518
8,679
4,725
25,176
9,316
41.7
7.6
24.2
40.7
42.4
69.7
73.4
Race and Hispanic origin
White.................................
Black.................................
Hispanic origin.......................
Full- or part-time status
Usually full time on primary job......
Usually part time on primary job......
Hours vary on primary job.............
Educational attainment
Total, 25 years and over............
Less than a high school diploma.......
High school graduate, no college......
Some college, no degree...............
Associate degree......................
College degree........................
Advanced degree.....................
NOTE: Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job. Detail for
the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the
"other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and
black population groups. Internet use at work refers to either connecting to the Internet
or using e-mail.
Table 2. Employed persons who used a computer or the Internet at work by occupation and industry,
September 2001
(Numbers in thousands)
Used a computer
at work
Occupation and industry
Used the Internet
at work
Total
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
Total
Percent
of
employed
135,089
41,936
20,279
21,657
38,761
4,617
15,905
18,238
18,279
14,850
17,737
3,527
72,277
33,374
16,297
17,077
26,056
3,462
9,173
13,421
4,259
4,447
3,465
675
53.5
79.6
80.4
78.9
67.2
75.0
57.7
73.6
23.3
29.9
19.5
19.1
51,929
27,607
13,616
13,990
17,539
2,439
6,360
8,741
2,175
2,662
1,493
453
38.4
65.8
67.1
64.6
45.3
52.8
40.0
47.9
11.9
17.9
8.4
12.8
135,089
101,187
1,779
99,408
72,277
51,764
401
51,362
53.5
51.2
22.6
51.7
51,929
36,015
218
35,798
38.4
35.6
12.2
36.0
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over................................
Managerial and professional specialty.......................
Executive, administrative, and managerial.................
Professional specialty....................................
Technical, sales, and administrative support................
Technicians and related support...........................
Sales occupations.........................................
Administrative support, including clerical................
Service occupations.........................................
Precision production, craft, and repair.....................
Operators, fabricators, and laborers........................
Farming, forestry, and fishing..............................
Industry
Total, 16 years and over(1).............................
Private wage and salary workers.............................
Agriculture...............................................
Nonagricultural industries................................
Mining..................................................
Construction............................................
Manufacturing...........................................
Durable goods.........................................
Nondurable goods......................................
Transportation and public utilities.....................
Wholesale trade.........................................
Retail trade............................................
Finance, insurance, and real estate.....................
Services(2).............................................
Business, automobile, and repair services.............
Personal services, except private households..........
Entertainment and recreation services.................
Professional services.................................
Government workers..........................................
Federal...................................................
State.....................................................
Local.....................................................
Self-employed workers.......................................
529
7,242
17,364
10,687
6,678
7,470
4,322
20,758
7,514
34,155
7,976
2,784
1,951
20,672
19,264
3,383
5,631
10,249
14,516
233
1,544
8,787
5,450
3,337
4,179
2,467
7,815
6,114
20,209
4,772
985
861
13,517
12,945
2,262
4,016
6,667
7,500
1 Includes unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job.
connecting to the internet or using e-mail.
Table 3.
44.1
21.3
50.6
51.0
50.0
55.9
57.1
37.6
81.4
59.2
59.8
35.4
44.1
65.4
67.2
66.9
71.3
65.0
51.7
173
1,053
6,454
4,020
2,434
3,052
1,865
3,814
4,971
14,403
3,676
571
566
9,536
10,108
1,822
3,269
5,017
5,758
32.7
14.5
37.2
37.6
36.5
40.9
43.2
18.4
66.2
42.2
46.1
20.5
29.0
46.1
52.5
53.9
58.0
48.9
39.7
Internet use at work refers to either
Type of computer activity at work by selected characteristics, September 2001
Characteristic
Employed
persons
who used
a
computer
at work
(in thousands)
Percent who used a computer for:
Word
processing or
Internet
desktop or e-mail
publishing
Calendar Spreador
sheets or Graphics
sched- databases or design
uling
Programming
Other
activities
15.2
12.2
13.1
14.3
Age and sex
Total, 16 years and over..........
16 to 24 years........................
72,277
7,087
67.0
53.6
71.8
56.1
52.9
45.6
62.3
52.2
28.8
20.8
16 to 19 years......................
20 to 24 years......................
25 years and over.....................
25 to 34 years......................
35 to 44 years......................
45 to 54 years......................
55 to 64 years......................
65 years and over...................
1,532
5,555
65,190
17,038
20,909
18,075
7,681
1,488
39.8
57.4
68.4
68.8
68.8
69.4
66.4
58.0
36.9
61.3
73.6
74.8
73.7
74.1
71.5
62.2
32.1
49.3
53.7
56.3
55.5
53.5
47.0
37.2
35.7
56.7
63.4
66.4
65.2
62.3
57.5
47.2
12.8
22.9
29.7
30.0
31.3
29.9
25.5
20.6
7.4
13.6
15.6
17.6
16.9
13.5
12.9
12.1
19.6
12.8
12.9
12.6
12.0
13.7
13.8
16.6
Men...................................
Women.................................
34,663
37,614
64.3
69.4
75.1
68.8
55.2
50.9
64.9
59.9
32.0
25.8
20.4
10.5
13.0
13.1
62,063
6,635
4,754
67.4
62.6
64.0
72.1
66.8
61.7
52.7
53.9
49.7
62.7
56.9
57.9
28.9
26.1
22.8
14.7
15.8
12.7
13.2
13.0
11.9
58,918
8,414
4,945
68.4
59.7
62.7
74.0
57.7
70.7
55.2
39.2
49.6
64.3
49.8
59.5
29.6
22.8
29.1
16.2
9.1
14.0
12.7
16.0
12.1
65,190
1,831
14,227
12,565
7,013
29,553
10,685
68.4
45.5
55.2
64.1
61.6
79.6
83.8
73.6
46.9
59.9
69.1
67.4
85.2
87.2
53.7
40.7
46.2
51.1
51.2
59.9
60.0
63.4
45.7
53.8
60.6
58.2
71.5
70.0
29.7
15.5
19.9
26.5
25.9
37.4
38.4
15.6
11.3
11.6
14.0
14.9
18.6
18.7
12.9
19.2
14.5
13.4
14.9
11.1
11.3
Race and Hispanic origin
White.................................
Black.................................
Hispanic origin.......................
Full- or part-time status
Usually full time on primary job......
Usually part time on primary job......
Hours vary on primary job.............
Educational attainment
Total, 25 years and over............
Less than a high school diploma.......
High school graduate, no college......
Some college, no degree...............
Associate degree......................
College degree........................
Advanced degree.....................
NOTE: Data refer to computer use on the sole or primary job. The percentage of persons who used computers for
various activities may exceed 100 percent as persons may report multiple activities. Detail for the above race and
Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
are included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 4.
Type of computer activity at work by occupation and industry, September 2001
Occupation and industry
Employed
persons
who used
a
computer
at work
(in thousands)
Percent who used a computer for:
Word
processing or
Internet
desktop or e-mail
publishing
Calendar Spreador
sheets or Graphics
sched- databases or design
uling
Programming
Other
activities
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over............
Managerial and professional specialty...
Executive, administrative, and
managerial...........................
Professional specialty................
Technical, sales, and administrative
support..............................
Technicians and related support.......
Sales occupations.....................
Administrative support, including
clerical.............................
Service occupations.....................
Precision production, craft, and repair.
Operators, fabricators, and laborers....
Farming, forestry, and fishing..........
72,277
33,374
67.0
78.3
71.8
82.7
52.9
60.8
62.3
70.3
28.8
37.2
15.2
18.6
13.1
11.0
16,297
17,077
79.0
77.6
83.5
81.9
65.3
56.5
76.9
63.9
34.4
39.9
16.6
20.5
9.4
12.5
26,056
3,462
9,173
62.6
58.5
59.9
67.3
70.4
69.3
48.4
52.3
48.6
59.7
59.3
60.1
22.5
29.5
25.6
12.4
27.0
11.1
13.2
14.3
14.5
13,421
4,259
4,447
3,465
675
65.6
52.6
46.5
35.7
60.9
65.1
51.1
59.9
43.1
67.1
47.2
45.7
45.4
32.4
43.7
59.6
43.8
51.7
41.2
61.3
18.5
17.2
23.7
17.1
21.7
9.6
8.9
17.4
9.5
10.6
11.9
18.2
17.4
20.8
12.5
72,277
51,764
401
51,362
233
1,544
8,787
5,450
3,337
4,179
2,467
7,815
67.0
63.4
58.0
63.5
63.5
65.1
63.9
62.2
66.7
56.7
63.9
44.4
71.8
69.6
54.2
69.7
74.1
68.2
73.4
73.8
72.9
73.0
75.6
48.8
52.9
53.6
47.7
53.7
54.7
56.5
54.2
54.8
53.4
56.1
52.8
41.7
62.3
62.1
65.6
62.1
76.1
67.1
67.0
67.4
66.3
63.3
66.2
48.3
28.8
26.6
18.2
26.7
28.1
31.1
34.2
35.1
32.8
24.0
25.0
17.0
15.2
15.4
8.3
15.5
20.1
18.2
20.0
23.1
15.0
15.7
14.0
9.3
13.1
13.3
15.6
13.3
8.9
11.5
12.0
12.9
10.5
13.6
13.6
19.2
Industry
Total, 16 years and over(1).........
Private wage and salary workers.........
Agriculture...........................
Nonagricultural industries............
Mining..............................
Construction........................
Manufacturing.......................
Durable goods.....................
Nondurable goods..................
Transportation and public utilities.
Wholesale trade.....................
Retail trade........................
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
Services(2).........................
Business, automobile, and repair
services........................
Personal services, except private
households......................
Entertainment and recreation
services........................
Professional services.............
Government workers......................
Federal...............................
State.................................
Local.................................
Self-employed workers...................
6,114
20,209
73.1
68.9
81.3
71.3
58.6
55.9
69.8
61.6
24.5
28.3
14.5
16.0
10.3
12.6
4,772
65.6
77.0
59.9
68.5
33.2
27.9
12.0
985
58.2
58.0
55.6
56.5
20.1
9.3
14.1
861
13,517
12,945
2,262
4,016
6,667
7,500
62.2
71.3
77.9
74.3
79.2
78.2
72.6
65.8
70.5
78.1
80.6
81.4
75.2
76.8
51.9
54.9
53.8
56.6
55.8
51.7
46.9
57.4
60.1
62.5
64.0
66.2
59.7
63.1
31.2
27.0
32.4
30.1
33.7
32.3
37.5
14.0
12.5
14.5
17.0
16.7
12.2
15.6
12.7
12.6
12.2
11.5
12.3
12.3
13.0
1 Includes unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job. The percentage of persons who use
computers for various activities may exceed 100 percent as persons may report multiple activities.
Table 5.
Job search activity(1) using the Internet by selected characteristics, September 2001
(Numbers in thousands)
Total civilian
noninstitutional
population
Characteristic
Total
Total who
used the Percent
Internet
of
to search total
for a job
Job search activity of persons who used the Internet to
search for a job (percent)
Read
Posted a
on-line Researched Submitted resume on Posted a
ads or
informaa resume
a job
resume on
searched tion on
or
listing
own Web
on-line
potential applica- site or
site
job
employers
tion
with a
listings
service
Other
activities
Age and sex
Total, 16 years and over.......... 212,357
16 to 24 years........................ 35,195
19,616
4,415
9.2
12.5
92.0
92.3
67.4
63.2
49.5
45.9
36.7
35.6
4.8
4.8
3.7
2.7
16 to 19 years...................... 16,206
20 to 24 years...................... 18,990
25 years and over..................... 177,162
25 to 34 years...................... 37,032
35 to 44 years...................... 44,318
45 to 54 years...................... 38,642
55 to 64 years...................... 24,328
65 years and over................... 32,842
1,108
3,308
15,201
6,238
4,890
3,051
877
145
6.8
17.4
8.6
16.8
11.0
7.9
3.6
.4
91.5
92.5
91.9
92.3
91.9
91.3
89.9
94.1
54.1
66.2
68.7
70.7
68.6
66.2
67.4
46.5
34.0
49.9
50.5
52.9
50.4
48.9
41.3
43.2
26.3
38.7
37.0
42.2
35.4
32.5
26.9
24.6
3.0
5.4
4.8
5.5
4.4
4.3
2.7
6.6
1.7
3.0
3.9
3.5
3.8
4.4
5.4
10.0
Men................................... 102,110
Women................................. 110,247
9,700
9,916
9.5
9.0
91.5
92.5
71.5
63.4
53.4
45.6
40.5
33.0
5.9
3.6
3.8
3.6
16,018
2,396
1,377
9.1
9.3
5.9
91.9
92.3
89.2
67.1
67.1
67.7
48.2
52.9
47.0
35.1
41.5
36.6
4.5
5.5
5.8
3.8
3.2
2.4
15,201
402
2,812
3,029
1,667
7,291
2,390
8.6
1.5
4.9
9.9
11.3
15.6
14.7
91.9
88.8
90.9
92.2
93.7
91.9
91.6
68.7
58.2
59.2
63.1
65.4
76.0
77.8
50.5
38.9
42.0
48.2
48.3
55.9
55.6
37.0
30.3
31.7
34.7
34.7
40.8
39.3
4.8
4.6
3.3
3.8
4.7
5.7
6.4
3.9
1.9
3.1
3.1
3.7
4.8
4.8
Race and Hispanic origin
White................................. 176,220
Black................................. 25,644
Hispanic origin....................... 23,288
Educational attainment
Total, 25 years and over............ 177,162
Less than a high school diploma....... 27,484
High school graduate, no college...... 57,386
Some college, no degree............... 30,641
Associate degree...................... 14,779
College degree........................ 46,872
Advanced degree..................... 16,283
1 Refers to use of the Internet to search for a job "this year," that is, from January to September 2001.
NOTE: The percentage of persons performing each activity may exceed 100 percent as persons may perform more than one
activity. Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group
are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.
Table 6.
Job search activity(1) using the Internet by occupation and industry, September 2001
(Numbers in thousands)
Experienced labor force
Job search activity of persons who used the Internet to
search for a job (percent)
Occupation and industry
Total
Total who
used the Percent
Internet
of
to search total
for a job
Read
Posted a
on-line Researched Submitted resume on Posted a
ads or
informaa resume
a job
resume on
searched tion on
or
listing
own Web
on-line
potential applica- site or
site
job
employers
tion
with a
listings
service
Other
activities
Occupation
Total, 16 years and over............ 141,447
Managerial and professional specialty... 43,058
Executive, administrative, and
managerial........................... 20,851
Professional specialty................ 22,206
Technical, sales, and administrative
support.............................. 40,521
Technicians and related support.......
4,784
Sales occupations..................... 16,709
Administrative support, including
clerical............................. 19,028
Service occupations..................... 19,541
Precision production, craft, and repair. 15,528
Operators, fabricators, and laborers.... 19,082
Farming, forestry, and fishing..........
3,705
17,235
7,258
12.2
16.9
92.2
92.8
68.5
74.3
50.7
56.0
37.4
40.1
4.8
5.9
3.8
4.8
3,484
3,775
16.7
17.0
93.4
92.4
75.3
73.3
58.3
53.9
42.1
38.2
4.8
6.9
4.9
4.7
5,809
868
2,151
14.3
18.1
12.9
92.7
90.1
94.5
65.7
72.6
71.2
50.8
54.8
54.0
38.1
42.4
40.5
4.3
6.0
4.8
3.3
2.7
3.6
2,790
1,477
1,172
1,361
152
14.7
7.6
7.5
7.1
4.1
92.1
90.1
89.7
91.0
87.5
59.3
59.4
65.5
62.6
62.8
47.0
37.9
45.3
42.0
37.1
34.9
29.7
35.4
32.9
19.9
3.3
4.0
2.9
4.4
2.2
3.3
3.2
3.0
1.4
2.5
17,235
13,819
123
13,697
52
548
2,216
1,454
763
1,069
618
2,348
1,307
5,537
12.2
12.9
6.5
13.1
9.4
7.1
12.0
12.8
10.8
13.7
13.6
10.6
16.9
15.4
92.2
92.7
89.2
92.7
98.1
88.3
93.2
92.9
93.7
91.0
94.7
93.8
92.3
92.7
68.5
69.7
66.7
69.8
62.3
64.2
72.2
74.4
68.0
70.2
68.2
64.1
71.6
71.5
50.7
52.0
51.3
52.0
35.0
44.9
53.9
57.1
47.7
53.2
55.1
47.2
56.2
52.6
37.4
38.8
27.8
38.9
11.2
29.2
39.8
41.0
37.7
41.8
40.4
36.3
42.0
39.4
4.8
4.7
2.5
4.7
6.1
5.0
4.6
4.8
4.1
6.9
4.6
4.7
4.7
4.4
3.8
3.7
5.5
3.7
1.6
4.0
5.0
2.0
3.4
5.0
2.4
4.1
4.1
1,739
19.9
94.0
78.6
63.5
49.5
7.0
4.1
324
10.8
91.7
59.8
48.7
35.0
3.6
5.6
Industry
Total, 16 years and over(2)......... 141,447
Private wage and salary workers......... 106,847
Agriculture...........................
1,895
Nonagricultural industries............ 104,951
Mining..............................
554
Construction........................
7,747
Manufacturing....................... 18,412
Durable goods..................... 11,348
Nondurable goods..................
7,064
Transportation and public utilities.
7,784
Wholesale trade.....................
4,549
Retail trade........................ 22,123
Finance, insurance, and real estate.
7,753
Services(3)......................... 35,971
Business, automobile, and repair
services........................
8,727
Personal services, except private
households..... ......... ......
2,995
Entertainment and recreation
services........................
Professional services.............
Government workers......................
Federal...............................
State.................................
Local.................................
Self-employed workers...................
2,157
21,278
19,697
3,495
5,760
10,443
14,778
323
3,097
2,524
480
891
1,153
889
15.0
14.6
12.8
13.7
15.5
11.0
6.0
87.7
92.7
90.9
91.7
90.6
90.9
87.6
71.2
68.8
61.4
55.0
60.8
64.5
69.7
45.8
48.4
43.8
46.0
43.3
43.2
49.4
32.8
35.3
29.1
30.7
28.2
29.1
40.0
1 Refers to use of the internet to search for a job "this year," that is, from January to September 2001.
2 Includes unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
3 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
NOTE: Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job. Dash represents zero.
2.6
3.2
3.9
2.3
5.1
3.8
9.4
4.9
4.0
3.4
3.5
3.5
3.2
6.0