The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
y 6.
Comparisons of United States,
German, and Japanese
Export Price Indexes
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
February 1980
Bulletin 2046
tow
^0 ^
,» .B
■
) BO0Ow
„
%
^
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
U n ited S t a t e s . Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s .
Comparisons o f U .S ., German, and Japanese ex p o rt
p r ic e in d e x e s .
( B u lle t in - Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s t i c s ; 2 (A-6)
B i b l i ogr aphy: p .
Supfc. o f D ocs, n o .: L 2 J : 2 0 ^ 6
1 . P r ic e s —U n ited S t a t e s . 2 . P r ic e s —Germany,
W est. 3„ P r ic e s —Japan. U. P rice in d e x e s .
I . T i t l e . I I . T i t l e : Export p r ic e in d e x e s .
I I I . S e r ie s : U n ited S t a t e s . Bureau o f Labor S t a t i s
t i c s . B u lle t in ; 2 0 b 6 o
H B 2 3 5 oU6 u 5^ 19 8 0
338.5*28
79 -6 0 79 6 ^
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U .S. Government Printing Office
Washington, D .C . 20402
Stock Number 029-001-02437-1
Comparisons of United States,
German, and Japanese
Export Price Indexes
U.S. Department of Labor
Ray Marshall, Secretary
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Janet L. Norwood, Commissioner
February 1980
Bulletin 2046
Preface
This is the first report by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS) on a developmental study of interna
tional price index comparisons which to a large extent
was inspired by earlier work by Irving B. Kravis and
Robert E. Lipsey of the National Bureau of Economic
Research. Major contributors to the development of
this report were W. John Layng, Assistant Commis
sioner, Office of Prices and Living Conditions; Edward
E. Murphy, Chief, Division of International Prices; and
the following members of the staff of the Branch of In
ternational Price Competitiveness under the direction
of John W. Suomela, Branch Chief: Julius Anamelechi,
David S. Johnson, Mark C. McEnearney, Richard A.
Nelson, Jorge F. Perez-Lopez, Nicholas I. Peters, and
Yu Ju Tien.
Data used for calculating the U.S. export price in
dexes in this publication were collected by the BLS as
part of its International Price Program. The U.S. export
price indexes in this publication differ from the export
price indexes published each quarter by BLS in that
they are especially calculated for comparisons with ex
port price indexes for the Federal Republic of G er
many and for Japan. These comparisons will be up
dated and expanded to include additional products and
countries as data become available.
Material in this publication is in the public domain
and may be reproduced without permission of the
Federal Government. Please credit the Bureau of
Labor Statistics and cite Comparisons o f U.S., German,
and Japanese Export Price Indexes, Bulletin 2046
(1980).
Contents
M ethodology.................................................................................................................................................................
Page
1
Difficulties in using published export price indexes.....................................................................................
Different classification schem es...................................................................................................................
Different levels of aggregation.....................................................................................................................
Ratios using especially calculated U.S. export price in d ex e s......................................................................
Calculation form ulas...........................................................................................................................................
2
2
2
3
4
Data used in com parisons...........................................................................................................................................
Export price indexes of Germany and Ja p a n .................................................................................................
Export price indexes of the United States.......................................................................................................
Exchange ra te s .....................................................................................................................................................
4
4
5
5
Comparisons of export price indexes.........................................................................................................................
U.S.-Germany com parisons...............................................................................................................................
U.S.-Japan com parisons.....................................................................................................................................
5
6
7
Text tables:
1. Dollars
2. Percent
3. Dollars
4. Percent
6
6
7
7
per deutsche mark exchange rate, 1970-79 ..............................................................................
changes in exchange rates,1 9 7 0 -7 9 ..............................................................................................
per yen exchange rate,1970-79 ...................................................................................................
changes in exchange rates,1 9 7 0 -7 9 ..............................................................................................
Reference tables:
U.S.-Germ any comparisons
1. Lathes, m etalcutting...........................................................................................................................
2. Grinding and polishing machines, metalcutting..............................................................................
3. Presses, m etalforming.........................................................................................................................
4. Interchangeable tools for hand or machine to o ls ..........................................................................
5. Diesel engines, except for motor vehicles........................................................................................
6. Air and gas pumps and compressors, and parts for pumps, compressors, and compressed
air equipm ent...................................................................................................................................
7. Compressed air equipment.................................................................................................................
8. Pumps for liquids, except as parts for motor vehicles..................................................................
9. Construction machinery and equipm ent.........................................................................................
10. Mining machinery and equipm ent...................................................................................................
11. Agricultural machinery and equipment, except tra c to rs ..............................................................
12. Agricultural tractors...........................................................................................................................
13. Cranes, hoists, and winches, not manually operated......................................................................
14. Industrial trucks, and manually operated cranes, hoists, and w inches......................................
15. Machines for making or finishing paper and paper pro d u cts......................................................
16. Typemaking, typesetting, and printing machines............................................................................
17. Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices.........................................................................................
18. Internal combustion engines for motor vehicles............................................................................
19. Parts and accessories for motor vehicles, except electric..............................................................
20. Electric motors and generators.........................................................................................................
21. Transformers, rectifiers, and rectifying apparatus..........................................................................
22. Electric switches and switchgear.......................................................................................................
v
9
9
10
10
11
11
12
12
13
13
14
14
15
15
16
16
17
17
18
18
19
19
Contents— Cont in ued
Page
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
Electrical installation equipment and h a rd w are..............................................................................
Electromechanical h a n d to o ls.............................................................................................................
Electric space heating and cooling equipment, and electrothermal appliances..........................
Electromechanical appliances, except heating appliances..............................................................
Electric household refrigerators and freezers....................................................................................
Telecommunications equipm ent.........................................................................................................
Electron tubes and p a r t s .....................................................................................................................
Electronic components (resistors, capacitors, etc), except electron tubes....................................
Electrical measuring instrum ents..................................* ...................................................................
Electrical controlling devices.............................................................................................................
Electromedical apparatus...............................
Electrical equipment and accessories for motor vehicles................................................................
20
20
21
21
22
22
23
23
24
24
25
25
U .S.-Japan comparisons
35. Electric motors, not over 20 h p .........................................................................................................
36. Electric sw itches...................................................................................................................................
37. Rectifiers and rectifying apparatus.....................................................................................................
38. Room air-conditioners, window and wall types................................................................................
39. T ran sisto rs.............................................................................................................................................
40. Integrated circuits.................................................................................................................................
41. Resistors, as electronic components...................................................................................................
42. Capacitors, as electronic com ponents...............................................................................................
43. Loudspeakers.........................................................................................................................................
44. Transceivers...........................................................................................................................................
45. Instruments for measuring electrical quantities or characteristics................................................
46. Trucks, assembled, piston displacement over 2000cc......................................................................
47. Agricultural tractors, except garden tractors....................................................................................
48. Excavators (backhoes, shovels, e tc .) .................................................................................................
49. Truck-mounted c ra n e s.........................................................................................................................
50. Tractors and loaders, except agricultural tra c to rs ..........................................................................
51. Lathes, metalcutting, except numerically c o n tro lle d ......................................................................
52. Grinding machines, metalcutting, except numerically controlled..................................................
53. Numerically controlled machines tools..............................; .............................................................
54. Pumps for liquids...................................................................................................................................
55. Air or gas pumps and com pressors...................................................................................................
56. Forklift tru c k s .......................................................................................................................................
57. Power transmission chains, of iron or s te e l.....................................................................................
58. Electromechanical handtools...............................................................................................................
59. Printing m achines.................................................................................................................................
60. Metal valves, of iron or s te e l.............................................................................................................
26
26
27
27
28
28
29
29
30
30
31
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
35
35
36
36
37
37
38
38
Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................................................
40
VI
Comparisons of U.S., German,
and Japanese Export Price
Indexes
item to price changes.2 This price sensitivity is com
monly called the price elasticity of demand. In order to
produce price indexes which will accurately predict
changes in quantities demanded, the weights used to ag
gregate the individual price changes must reflect both
value shares and elasticities. When the correct
elasticity weights are not used, the calculated price in
dexes suffer from aggregation bias.
The problem of creating export price indexes using
elasticity weights appears to be insoluble at this time.
Published export price indexes are generally con
structed for purposes other than demand estimation
and use trade value weights. Attempts to recalculate
the indexes have been unsuccessful because the in
dividual price data are not available and, until they
are, elasticity weights can not be estimated. Further
more, since elasticities may vary, depending on the
market in which goods are sold, several elasticityweighted indexes could be calculated from the same set
of price data. Thus, analysts interested in carrying out
international demand analysis have been restricted by
the inadequacy of available export price data.
The extent of bias incurred by the use of improper
aggregation weights in a price index varies directly with
the level of aggregation and inversely with the
similarity of the price behavior of the products in
cluded. If a category is narrowly defined and refers pri
marily to goods which are the same or highly
substitutable, prices within the category should move
together or, at least, the variation in price changes
should be smaller than for categories containing more
heterogeneous goods. Under these conditions, the in
dexes would be relatively insensitive to weighting pat
terns and the bias introduced by not having the desired
elasticity weights would be minimized.
Although export price index comparisons may be
either multilateral or bilateral, the ratios developed
here make bilateral comparisons. To reduce aggrega
tion bias, U.S. export price indexes are calculated to
represent trends of U.S. export prices for special
Continued interest in international price com
parisons has led to several recent proposals by banks,
research institutions, government agencies, and inter
national organizations to produce ratios of price index
es for two or more countries.1 These ratios are of in
terest because of the influence of changes in relative
prices on changes in relative quantities. Changes in
ratios of price indexes for commodities exported by
two countries can be used, along with other informa
tion, in predicting changes in relative export quantities
and in relative market shares.
This report compares price changes for comparable
categories of products for Germany, Japan, and the
U nited States. The first p a rt deals with the
methodology for calculating export price index ratios
and some of the problems involved. The second part
describes the data used in the construction of
U .S.-Federal Republic of Germany (U.S.-Germ any)
and U .S.-Japan export price index ratios. The last part
briefly discusses the behavior of a limited number of
U.S.-Germ any and U .S.-Japan index ratios. Thirtyfour U.S.—Germany and twenty-six U .S.-Japan com
parisons are made, covering selected categories of in
dustrial products. The reference tables contain the
ratios of export price indexes calculated for this report.
Methodology
The effect of a change in a price index on a particu
lar index of quantities demanded depends upon two
factors: The value shares in the quantity index of the
items priced and the sensitivity of the demand for each
'See, for example, World Financial Markets (Morgan Guaranty
Trust Company, monthly); Changes in U.S. Foreign Trade: The
Post-19 7 1 Experience in Perspective, mimeographed (U.S. Depart
ment of Commerce, Oct. 1974); “The International Competitiveness
o f U.K. Manufactured G oods,” Economic Progress Report, No. 95
(United Kingdom Treasury, Feb. 1978), pp. 1 - 3 , also reprinted in
Trade and Industry (Feb. 17, 1978), pp. 3 4 0 -4 1 ; and “The Interna
tional Competitiveness o f Selected OECD Countries,” OECD
Economic Outlook: Occasional Studies (Organization for Economic
Cooperation and Development, July 1978), pp. 3 5 -5 2 .
2John W. Suomela, “The Meaning and Measurement o f Interna
tional Price Competitiveness,” 1978 Proceedings o f the Business and
Economic Statistics Section, American Statistical Association. This
paper deals with the demand side o f the market.
1
assigned to one of the 7-digit Schedule B commodity
categories and are used to calculate price indexes for
U.S. exports at the level of 4- or 5-digit SITC-R
subgroups or items.
German export trade data are recorded according to
their Commodity Classification for Foreign Trade
(WA), a 7-digit classification scheme prepared by the
Statistisches Bundesamt and based on the Brussels
Tariff Nomenclature (BTN).5 However, the published
German export price indexes are calculated according
to a different classification system, developed
specifically for these price indexes. For categories re
ferring to industrial products, it is based largely on the
Com m odity Classification for Industrial Statistics
(WI).6 Published materials describing the WI provide
useful insights into the commodity coverage of the
published export price indexes for manufactured goods
categories.
For Japan, trade data are recorded according to
their Commodity Classification for Foreign Trade
Statistics (CCFTS), a system prepared by the Customs
Bureau of the Ministry of Finance of Japan and cur
rently based on the BTN, although it was earlier based
on the SITC-R.7 Export price indexes are calculated on
the basis of an autonomous product classification
system which does not correspond to the CCFTS, even
though the com m odities for which indexes are
published were selected on the basis of the value of
trade in 1975 according to CCFTS. Definitions of the
commodity coverage of the published index categories
are not available. However, a list of the products whose
prices are used to calculate the indexes is available and
has been used here to assist in determining the com
modity composition of the published indexes.8
categories in order to make comparisons at the most
detailed level allowed by the data available from other
countries.
Difficulties in using published export price indexes
Since several countries publish export price indexes,
intercountry comparisons can be made using these in
dexes. Most analysts interested in constructing
U.S.—foreign country export price index ratios have
used published price index series. As a consequence,
most work in this area has relied on the matching of
published price index series when similar titles are used
by two or more countries.3 Implicit in this approach is
the assumption that products contained within the
similarly titled series of two or more countries are high
ly substitutable.
Because of the tendency toward national specializa
tion, this may not always be a tenable assumption. In
addition, differences in national statistical systems and
practices may make direct comparisons of two or more
countries’ published indexes inappropriate. This applies
to d ire c t com parisons of U .S .-G e rm a n and
U.S.-Japanese export price indexes using published
country data. The export price index series published
by each of the three countries are based on different
classification schemes and internal weighting struc
tures, and their export price index series are published
at different levels of aggregation. Because of these
differences, published U.S. export price index series
generally cannot be well matched to those for Germany
and Japan to provide narrowly defined categories with
in which products have high cross-price elasticities.
These two factors, different classifications and
different levels of aggregation, can adversely affect the
calculation of export price index ratios which use
published data, by introducing bias or error.
Different levels o f aggregation. The level of aggregation
in published indexes differs for each of the three coun
tries, and this presents further problems for com
parisons based solely on the matching of titles in the in
dexes. For the United States, published export price in
dexes are primarily calculated at the level of a 4-digit
SITC-R category, although indexes for a limited num
ber of 5-digit groupings are also available. For G er
many and Japan, however, indexes are often published
at several levels of aggregation, from an index repre
senting all exported goods to indexes for product
categories that might correspond to subsets of 4- or 5digit SITC-R categories. Because of these differences in
Different classification schemes. Export price index
series published by the United States, Germany, and
Japan, with similar or even identical titles, do not
n ecessarily co n tain p ro d u cts which are highly
substitutable. In part, this is an expected outcome of
national specialization. It is also a result of the
different product classification systems used by the
three countries.
U.S. export trade data are classified according to
Schedule B, a 7-digit product classification based on
the U.N.’s Standard International Trade Classification
System, Revised (SITC-R).4 In most cases, the first
four or five digits of a Schedule B commodity corres
pond to either a 4- or 5-digit SITC-R grouping. Prod
ucts for which export prices are collected by BLS are
5 Warenverzeichnis fuer die Aussenhandelsstatistik, Ausgabe 1975
(Wiesbaden: Statistisches Bundesamt, 1974).
('Systematisches Warenverzeichnis fuer die Industriestatistik,
Ausgabe 1970 (Wiesbaden: Statistisches Bundesamt, 1970).
7Price Indexes Annual 1977 (Tokyo: The Bank of Japan, Statistics
Department, 1978), pp. 3 3 1 -3 2 .
8List o f Commodity Descriptions for 1975-Based Price Indexes
(Tokyo: The Bank o f Japan, Statistics Department, May 1978) (in
Japanese).
3A notable exception is the work by Kravis and Lispsey at the
National Bureau o f Economic Research.
4Schedule B: Statistical Classification o f Domestic and Foreign Com
modities Exported by United States (Bureau o f the Census, Jan. 1,
1971, edition and annual revisions).
2
levels of aggregation, published categories are not
directly comparable. An apparently attractive pro
cedure to achieve com parability is to aggregate
published series (either several foreign series to ap
proximate the level of a published U.S. series or sets of
published U.S. and foreign series to reach an aggregate
common-level grouping) until categories with truly
matching titles can be created. However, when this pro
cedure is followed, as it is in many studies of interna
tional competitiveness, incorrect aggregation weights
(usually trade weights) are substituted for proper
elasticity weights. The contribution of these incorrect
weights to the bias of the index ratios is unknown.
The following examples illustrate situations where
these factors, classification and aggregation, affect the
calculation of export price index ratios.
Germany currently publishes an export price index
series for the category “agricultural machinery,” with
no further breakdown. An examination of the com
modity composition of this category indicates that
products included in several published U.S. export
price index categories are substitutes for products con
tained in the German category: (1) Agricultural
machinery and appliances for preparing and cultivating
the soil (SIT C -R 712.1); (2) agricultural machinery
and appliances for harvesting, threshing, and sorting
(SIT C -R 712.2); and (3) agricultural machinery, n.e.s.
(SIT C -R 712.99). In addition, the published German
export price index for “agricultural machinery” also
contains products that are substitutes for products con
tained in other published U.S. export prices indexes:
Farm elevators, part of the published U.S. index for
mechanical handling equipment (SITC—R 719.3); and
sprayers and dusters, part of the published U.S. index
for nonelectrical machines, n.e.s. (SITC— R 719.6).
Japan publishes export price index series for three
metalworking machinery categories: Lathes, grinding
machines, and numerically controlled machine tools.
The only published U.S. export price series in this
category is for machine tools for working metals
(SIT C -R 715.1), which encompasses products which
are substitutes for products contained in all three
Japanese detailed categories. Furthermore, over the
period 1975—77, Japan’s export price trends differed
for the three detailed categories. Were these indexes com
bined, these differences would be obscured.
In the case of Germany, then, the published German
index corresponds to parts of more than one published
U.S. index. For Japan, several published Japanese
series correspond to a single published U.S. series. In
each case, the calculation of relative price changes can
only be accomplished by further aggregating the
published indexes of one or both countries until series
with matching titles are obtained. Since inappropriate
weights must be used, this procedure would increase
aggregation bias.
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
314-593 0 Bank
- 8 0 -of
2 St. Louis
Federal Reserve
Ratios using especially calculated U.S. export price
indexes
It has been possible to reduce aggregation bias by
constructing special U.S. export price indexes that
match the product coverage of the other countries’
published detailed indexes. The level of detail is deter
mined by the availability of detailed, published foreign
index series and of suitable sets of U.S. price series for
individual products, selected from the approximately
5,000 price series collected from U.S. exporters by the
BLS at the time of this writing.
Information that specifically describes the range of
products represented in the sampling strata of
published indexes for Germany and Japan has not been
available. However, a considerable body of informa
tion exists for making judgments about the content of
the sampling strata. The Statistisches Bundesamt, pro
ducer of Germany’s export and import price indexes,
publishes concordances between the SITC and the G er
man classification scheme for industrial statistics (WI).
It also publishes a concordance between German
classification schemes for industrial statistics and trade
statistics (WA). In addition, the agency has furnished
BLS with a table of weights and subclassifications with
in its published export price index categories. For
Japan, the correct classification of U.S. products into
the Japanese classification scheme was aided by a com
plete listing of product specifications priced for Japan’s
indexes.
By using this information, it was possible to screen
the BLS data base of U.S. export prices and product
descriptions and to select only the prices for products
judged to be substitutes for those products represented
by the published series of the other two countries. In
dexes were then calculated for those categories of prod
ucts that correspond to the published foreign series.
These special indexes have been reviewed to ascertain
that they adequately represent trends of U.S. export
prices for these categories, and that confidentiality is
maintained. Using this approach, it was possible to con
struct 34 U.S.-Germany and 26 U.S.-Japan com
parisons using available data.
Access to unpublished U.S. price data and product
specifications has lessened the problems which arise in
attempting to compare product prices in aggregate
series. It should be pointed out, however, that the ap
proach used here does not eliminate all problems, since
it has not been possible to determine fully the product
definition and internal weighting procedures used in
the construction of published German and Japanese ex
port price indexes. In addition, it should be noted that
the BLS data base of export prices is a sample designed
to represent U.S. export price trends at the level of 4or 5-digit SIT C -R product categories. Though a selec
tion of export prices from this data base has been used
to produce the special U.S. export price indexes for
3
E
these comparisons, the product samples were not
originally drawn for this purpose. Thus, while the
methodology used here for calculating export price in
dex ratios is an advance over methods which relied on
matching published index series, there is still room for
further improvement and refinement.
Data Used in Comparisons
Calculation formulas
The data used in constructing the export price index
ratios are: (1) Official export price indexes for G er
many and for Japan; (2) especially constructed U.S. ex
port price indexes for groupings of U.S. export prod
ucts; and (3) dollar per deutsche mark and dollar per
yen exchange rates.
The formulas used to calculate special U.S. export
price indexes for both the U.S.-Germany and the U.S.Japan comparisons are essentially the same. A minor
difference has been introduced in order to use the addi
tional detailed information available on the internal
weighting structure of published German export price
indexes. For comparisons with both countries, the
special U.S. export price indexes were calculated as
equal-weighted averages of price changes.
The formulas used in calculating the index ratios
are:
( 1)
XPI
US
m
nj
2 wj/nj 2
j= l
i=I
Export price indexes of Germany and Japan
The export price indexes published by Germany and
Japan show price trends for their merchandise exports
to all countries. Prices used are for detailed product
specifications. Only indexes for the most narrowly
defined product categories have been used for these
comparisons (corresponding roughly to subsets of 4- or
5-digit S IT C -R categories). Monthly export price in
dexes are available for Germany beginning in 1958 and
for Japan beginning in 1957.
In 1978, German export price indexes were availa
ble for 331 product categories, at different levels of ag
gregation, based on approximately 5,340 individual
export price series.9. These prices refer to export tran
sactions concluded during the reporting month for
specified commodities on an f.o.b. (free on board) G er
man border basis (i.e., they include inland transporta
tion costs), and the prices are adjusted for quality
changes. Price relatives are aggregated using the
Laspeyres formula with 1970 export value weights.10
The export price indexes represent predominantly in
dustrial products in accordance with the structure of
German exports (98.6 percent of the total export
value).
For Japan, The Bank of Japan currently publishes
monthly price indexes for 305 export categories, at
different levels of aggregation.11 The 520 monthly
price reports used to calculate the indexes, provided by
305 reporting firms, refer to contract prices on an f.o.b.
Ry
is the special U.S. export price index.
( 2)
XPI
(3)
XPI
(4)
XPIR
(5)
XPIR
is the published foreign export price
index in the country’s home currency.
fc
E'XPI
f
is the foreign export price index in
U.S. dollars.
nc
XPI^/XPI
$
US
is the ratio of export price indexes in
national currencies.
XPI^/XPI
$
US
is the ratio of export price indexes
when both price indexes are in dol
lars, where:
m
the number of subcategories in the in
dex,
nJ
the number of items priced in the j’th
index subcategory,
WJ
Rij
= the dollar per foreign currency ex
change rate during the comparison
period divided by the exchange rate
in the reference period.
the foreign country’s trade value
weight for the j’th subcategory within
the index. Most indexes were calcul
ated at the first level of aggregation,
so m = 1 and wj = 1. For some Ger
man products, export price indexes
are not published for subcategories so
German export weights were used for
the second level aggregations,
9Preise Und Preisindizes fuer die Ein- und Ausfur (Wiesbaden:
Statistisches Bundesamt, monthly). This publication superseded an
earlier monthly publication o f the Federal Statistical Office entitled
Preise und Preisindizes fuer Aussenhandelsguter.
W. Rostin, Indices o f Foreign Trade Prices, Base 1970, Studies in
Statistics No. 30 (Wiesbaden: Federal Statistical Office, 1974).
l0The standard BLS formula for a Laspeyres index is
L = 2 w ° (Pl /P°) where the w ° are value weights from the base
year and where Pl and P° are prices from the comparison period
and the base period. Index series are rebased by dividing by the
reference period index value.
■1Export and Import Price Indexes Monthly (Tokyo: The Bank of
Japan, Statistics Department, monthly).
the price of the i’th item during the
comparison period divided by the
price of the i’th item in the reference
period,
4
quarter. Complete specifications, including physical
description, class of buyer, size of transaction, applica
ble discounts, currency, and mode of transport are pro
vided by the firms. Adjustments are made to reported
export prices to account for changes in quality and for
changes in specifications. By m id-1979, approximately
5,000 individual export price series and supporting
data—originating from about 1,600 firm s—were
available in the BLS export price data base. For pur
poses of making export price index comparisons,
especially constructed indexes were calculated using
the same underlying price data as the regularly
published indexes, but with different combinations of
products and weighting schemes.
port basis and are adjusted for quality changes. Price
relatives are aggregated using the Laspeyres formula
with 1975 export value weights. 12
Export price indexes of the United States
The Bureau of Labor Statistics began to publish U.S.
export price indexes in June 1971. Since then, the num
ber of indexes published has expanded significantly
and their periodicity has increased from once per year
to four times per year.13 At this time, export price in
dexes are published for 81 export categories, account
ing for about 60 percent of the total value of U.S. ex
ports in 1975.14 Indexes are published primarily at the
4- and 5-digit SITC—R levels; an aggregate series for
machinery and transportation equipment exports is
also published. Indexes are calculated using a modified
Laspeyres formula, with the value of U.S. exports in
1975 (at the Schedule B levels) as weights. Indexes are
rebased so that, where possible, June 1967=100. Major
expansion of coverage is in progress, and an aggregate
series, representing the average price trend for all U.S.
export products, is planned for publication in 1984.
Companies providing export price data to the BLS
International Price Program are firms located in the
United States—whether or not United States owned—
that are consistent exporters of the products being
priced. Product categories and companies are currently
selected on the basis of a multistage probability sam
pling procedure. Since June 1976, samples have been
designed so that each product category and company
has a chance of selection proportional to the value of
export shipments over the sample time period.15 For
product areas sampled before June 1976, the selection
was judgmental, based on high-dollar value of exports.
Selection of a specification to be priced by a firm within
a given product area also is currently a judgmental
process, based on consultation between the firm and a
BLS field economist. The selection of an item for pric
ing within a narrow product category is based on the
goal of selecting a product (or products) whose price
movements are typical of items exported by that com
pany in that product category.
The export price data collected by BLS are
specification prices, generally on an f.o.b. basis, for
transactions occuring during the third month of each
Exchange rates
In order to calculate index ratios in a common cur
rency, the published export price indexes for Germany
and for Japan, which are published in terms of deutsche
marks and yen, were converted to U.S. dollars. The
conversion was carried out using exchange rates,
published by the Federal Reserve Board,16 which are
monthly averages of certified noon buying rates in New
York. The price index ratios in terms of U.S. dollars
may be compared to the ratios in national currencies in
order to gain an insight into the effect of exchange rate
changes on relative price movements.
Comparisons of Export Price Indexes
Tables 1 through 34 present U .S.-G erm any export
price index ratios, calculated using the formulas and
data described earlier. U .S.-Japan export price index
ratios, calculated following the same approach, are
presented in tables 35 through 60. Generally, ratios
have been calculated for each June from 1970 to 1973
and for the last month of each quarter from March
1974 on. The columns included in each table refer to:
The special U.S. export price index in dollar terms
(column 1), the published foreign export price index in
national currency (column 3), the published foreign ex
port price index after conversion to dollar terms (col
umn 5), the export price index ratio (foreign XPI/U.S.
XPI) in terms of national currencies (column 7), and
the export price index ratio in dollar terms (column 9).
Percent changes from the previous period are presented
in the other columns. It should be pointed out that not
all export price index ratios could be calculated for ev
ery period because some series begin at later dates than
others.
i2Price Indexes Annual 1977 (Tokyo: The Bank o f Japan,
Statistics Department).
'^'International Price Indexes,” Ch. 17 in Handbook o f Methods,
Bulletin 1910 (Bureau o f Labor Statistics, 1976), pp. 1 3 0 -3 4 .
'4“U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes, Second Quarter 1978,” Bureau o f Labor Statistics, News Release USDL 7 8 -6 8 7 (Aug. 8,
1978).
15For an exposition o f the current and planned sampling tech
niques, see Marvin Kasper and Richard J. Pratt, “Surveying Interna
tional Prices,” in 1978 Proceedings o f the Sector on Survey Research
Methods, American Statistical Association.
l(,Federal Reserve Bulletin (monthly) and Statistical Release G.5:
Foreign Exchange Rates (monthly) (Board o f Governors o f the
Federal Reserve System).
5
Text table 1.
1970-79
Month
Month
Rate
0.27528
0.28474
0.31560
0.38786
Mar. 1976
June 1976
Sept. 1976
D e c .1976
0.390638
0.387967
0.401685
0.419651
Mar. 1974 ...........
June 1 9 7 4 ...........
Sept. 1974 .........
D e c .1 9 7 4 ...........
0.382110
0.396025
0.375800
0.408162
Mar. 1977
June 1977
Sept. 1977
Dec. 1977
0.418121
0.424529
0.430336
0.464994
Mar. 1975 ...........
June 1 9 7 5 ...........
Sept. 1975 ..........
Dec. 1 9 7 5 ............
0.431194
0.427257
0.381904
0.381440
Mar. 1978
June 1978
Sept. 1978
Dec. 1978
0.491812
0.479842
0.507777
0.532172
Mar. 1979
0.537544
June
June
June
June
upon the products and the pairs of countries for which
the comparisons were made.
The following paragraphs analyze U.S.-Germ any
and U.S.—Japan ratios during three different intervals,
where the intervals are distinguished by the behavior of
the exchange rates: The first period is from June 1970
to June 1973, the second period is from June 1973 to
June 1976, and the third, from June 1976 to March
1979.
Dollars per deutsche mark exchange rate,
1 9 7 0 ...........
1 9 7 1 ............
1 9 7 2 ............
1 9 7 3 ...........
Rate
U.S.-Germany comparisons
In the first interval, June 1970 to June 1973, there
were several adjustments to the dollar per deutsche
mark exchange rate, especially with the floating of the
dollar beginning in mid-1971 (text table 1). During this
interval, the dollar price of the deutsche mark in
creased by 40.9 percent (text table 2). The second in
terval, June 1973 to June 1976, was characterized by
several fluctuations of the exchange rate, with little net
effect. Thus, the dollar per deutsche mark exchange
rate was basically at the same level in June 1976 as in
June 1973. During the third interval, June 1976 to
March 1979, the deutsche mark appreciated by 38.6
percent against the dollar.
The total appreciation of the deutsche mark against
the dollar for the entire 9-year period was 95.3 percent.
This caused a large shift in the relative export prices of
U.S. and German products when measured in common
currency. While the effect was reflected across all
product categories where comparisons have been made,
part of the changes may have been absorbed by German
exporting firms in order to meet increasing competi
tion. The willingness of exporting firms to absorb ex
change rate changes depends upon such factors as the
profit margin, the magnitude of the exchange rate
change, and the proportion of costs tied to the dollar
(e.g., imported raw materials, fuel, and semimanufac
tured inputs). The extent to which exchange rate
changes are absorbed is reflected in the index ratios in
national currencies.
During the first period, 10 of 29 index ratios fell
when measured in national currencies. This means that
average prices for U.S. exports, as measured by the
special U.S. export price indexes, rose more rapidly
than average prices for German exports for only 34
percent of the product categories covered. However,
SOURCE: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
S tatistic a l Release G.5. Foreign Exchange Rates and Federal Reserve
Bulletin.
Since exchange rate changes affect all bilateral ex
port price index ratios in the same manner, it is in
teresting to examine the behavior of all the index ratios
simultaneously. However, ratios for specific categories
or groups of categories often behave differently, so that
comparisons of export price trends using index ratios
for individual product categories or groups of catego
ries are also of interest. Therefore, the following
analysis attempts to point out significant changes in the
ratios for individual product categories in the light of
changing exchange rates.
Because of the large changes in exchange rates be
tween the U.S. dollar and the deutsche mark and the
yen which occurred during the 1970’s, importing coun
tries found that, on average, U.S. goods became less ex
pensive relative to similar goods exported from G er
many or Japan. These exchange rate changes more than
offset the generally higher rates of U.S. price increases
relative to the other two countries. Nevertheless, the
behavior of individual export price index ratios over
this period suggests a wide variation in the movement
of relative average export prices across product catego
ries; for example, over a period of 9 years, while the
U .S.-Japan export price index ratio for rectifiers and
rectifying apparatus (table 37) decreased from 111.3 in
June 1970 to 89.8 in March 1979, the corresponding
U .S.-Japan ratio for export prices of transistors (table
39) rose more than two and one-half times, from 45.8
in June 1970 to 116.0 in March 1979. Disparate
behavior of the export price index ratios over this inter
val was also found in the U.S.-Germ any comparisons.
For example, the index ratio for electrical equipment
and accessories for motor vehicles (table 34) rose from
77.0 in June 1970 to 94.7 in March 1979, while the in
dex ratio for compressed air equipment (table 7) rose
from 58.5 to 125.6 over the same interval. In addition,
the behavior of individual ratios tended to differ dur
ing certain intervals in the 9-year period, depending
Text table 2.
Percent changes in exchange rates, 1970-79
(Dollars per deutsche mark)
From
June 1970
To
June 1973
June 1976
March 1979
40.9
40.9
95.3
June 1973
June 1976
'Less than 0.05 percent.
6
0.0 '
38.6
38.6
Text table 3.
Rate
Month
Rate
0.0027864
0.0027979
0.0033070
0.0037808
Mar. 1 976
June 1976
Sept. 1976
D e c .1976
0.00332760
0.00334240
0.0 034 799 5
0.00339334
Mar. 1974 ............
June 1 9 7 4 ...........
Sept. 1974 .........
D e c .1 9 7 4 ...........
0.00354538
0.00353400
0.00334385
0.00332876
Mar. 1977
June 1977
Sept. 1977
Dec. 1977
0.00356873
0.00366515
0.0037 485 8
0.00414907
Mar. 1975 ............
June 1 9 7 5 ...........
Sept. 1975 .........
Dec. 1 9 7 5 ............
0.00347309
0.00340767
0.00333452
0.00327150
Mar. 1978
June 1978
Sept. 1978
D e c .1978
0.00431478
0.00467443
0.00526563
0.00510376
Mar. 1979
0.00484704
June
June
June
June
hoists, and winches (table 13) and electromedical ap
paratus (table 33). However, during this period, the
mark appreciated 38.6 percent against the dollar. As a
result, when expressed in dollars, export prices of G er
many rose more rapidly than those of the United States
in all but one of the product categories covered
(electron tubes and parts, table 29). The large change
that occurred in the exchange rate during this period
has caused a general improvement in U.S. export prices
relative to those of Germany. To the extent this has oc
curred, we can expect the ratio of U.S. to German
merchandise exports in dollars to rise by 1980, other
things being equal.
Dollars per yen exchange rate, 1970— 79
Month
1 9 7 0 ...........
1 9 7 1 ............
1 9 7 2 ............
1 9 7 3 ...........
U.S.-Japan comparisons
SOURCE: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
S ta tistica l Release G.5: Foreign Exchange Rates and Federal Reserve
Bulletin.
During the first period, June 1970 to June 1973, the
yen appreciated by 35.7 percent against the dollar (text
tables 3 and 4). The second period, June 1973 to June
1976, was characterized by a decrease of 11.6 percent
in the dollar per yen exchange rate.7819 During the third
period, June 1976 to March 1979, the yen again ap
preciated against the dollar, this time by 45.0 percent.
Over the entire 9-year interval, the yen increased in
value by 74.0 percent against the dollar.
During the first period, the average price of U.S. ex
ports increased more rapidly than the yen price of
Japanese exports for 10 of the 14 manufactured prod
uct categories for which comparisons are made. But,
when the price indexes are adjusted for the nearly 36percent change in the exchange rate, average dollar
prices for manufactured products exported from Japan
increased more rapidly than average U.S. export prices
in all 14 product categories. The exchange-rate-induced rise in Japan’s export prices for this period was
followed by an increase in the ratio of U.S. to Japanese
exports of merchandise from 1.8 in 1972 to 2.0 in 1975.
During the second period, the exchange rate fell
nearly 12 percent, despite the continued large holdings
of international reserves by Japan and the continuing
deficits in the current account by the United States.
This appreciation of the dollar against the yen occurred
at a time when U.S. average export prices were rising
more rapidly than Japanese average export prices for
when account is taken of the nearly 4 1-percent ap
preciation of the mark against the dollar, the average
dollar price for products exported by Germany rose
more rapidly than for products exported from the
United States in all 29 categories. As might have been
expected, the exchange-rate-induced rise in German
export prices relative to U.S. export prices was accom
panied by an increase in the ratio of U.S. to German
dollar exports of merchandise from l.l in 1972 to l .2 in
l975!7This result is in line with the 2-year lag found by
other analysts, between a change in relative export
prices and most of the consequent change in relative ex
port values!8
Since there was little change in the dollar per
deutsche mark exchange rate over the second period,
changes in relative export prices were influenced prin
cipally by domestic factors. When expressed in na
tional currencies, U.S. export prices rose more rapidly
than those of Germany in all but 4 of the 34 product
categories. This reflects the more rapid rise in the price
of industrial products in the United States from the se
cond quarter of 1973 to the second quarter of 1976; the
U.S. industrial price index rose 44.3 percent over this
period, compared to a 24.2-percent rise in the price of
industrial products in Germany. As might be expected,
using a 2-year lag, the ratio of U.S. to German
merchandise exports fell from l .2 in 1975 to l .0 for the
first three quarters of 1978.
In the third period, when expressed in national cur
rencies, U.S. average export prices rose more rapidly
than those of Germany in 32 of the 34 product catego
ries. The exceptions were the categories for cranes,
Text table 4. Percent changes in exchange rates, 1970-79
(Dollars per yen)
From
June 1970
June 1973
June 1976
l7The ratios o f merchandise exports have been calculated from
data contained in International Financial Statistics (monthly), line
77aad.
l8For example, the International Monetary Fund estimates that
there is at least a 2-year lag after a change in exchange rates before
most of the related changes in relative quantities occur, IMF Annual
Report, 1978, pp. 4 0 - 4 3 .
To
June 1973
June 1976
March 1979
35.7
20.0
74.0
-11.6
28.2
45.0
|9Marina Whitman testified before the Joint Economic Commit
tee o f Congress that during this period ". . . the dollar gained in
value due to large capital flows into the U.S. and active intervention
by the Japanese to preserve their export markets,” Notes from the
Joint Economic Committee, V ol. IV, No. 1 (Sept. 1978).
7
price of the yen caused dollar export prices from Japan
to rise more rapidly in 21 of the 26 product categories
for which export price index ratios were constructed.
The five exceptions were the series for exports of
electric motors (table 35), transistors (table 39), inte
grated circuits (table 40), capacitors (table 42), and
transceivers (table 44). Over the entire 9-year interval,
average U.S. export prices rose less rapidly than dollar
Japanese export prices for 11 of the 13 product catego
ries which span the entire period. The two exceptions
were the series for exports of rectifiers and rectifying
apparatus (table 37) and excavators (table 48).
The historically large change in the dollar price of
the yen has contributed to the general improve
ment in the export prices of U.S. products relative to
those of Japan. In response to an improvement in U.S.
relative export prices, we can expect an improvement
in the U.S. market share relative to Japan, other things
being equal.
16 of 26 product categories, when measured in national
currencies. Thus, the deteriorating position of U.S. ex
port prices relative to those of Japan became even
worse when measured in a common currency. Average
U.S. export prices rose more rapidly than average
Japanese dollar export prices for 22 of the 26 product
categories covered. The four exceptions were the series
for transistors (table 39), tractors and loaders, except
agricultural tractors (table 50), printing machines (ta
ble 59), and metal valves of iron or steel (table 60). As
might have been expected, the general deterioration in
U.S. export prices relative to Japan’s was followed by a
drop in the ratio of U.S. merchandise exports to Japan’s
merchandise exports from 2.0 in 1975 to 1.5 in 1978.
The third period was marked by continued higher
average rates of price increase for U.S. exports in dol
lars than for Japanese exports in yen in all 26 product
categories covered. When measured in the same cur
rency, however, the nearly 40-percent increase in the
8
Table 1. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Lathes, metalcutting
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
61.1
65.0
66.0
70.7
75.5
81.4
89.9
95.3
98.0
100.0
100.0
101.3
104.7
104.7
107.8
111.7
112.2
116.0
118.1
121.7
125.1
131.1
135.1
137.4
139.1
Percent
change
6.4
1.5
7.1
6.8
7.8
10.4
6.0
2.8
2.0
0.0
1.3
3.4
0.0
3.0
3.6
0.4
3.4
1.8
3.0
2.8
4.8
3.1
1.7
1.2
Index
68.7
75.8
79.3
82.4
89.3
92.4
92.8
94.1
100.0
100.0
100.4
101.9
105.9
105.9
107.5
108.8
110.9
111.1
112.9
113.7
118.0
118.2
118.2
118.4
121.6
Percent
change
10.3
4.6
3.9
8.4
3.5
0.4
1.4
6.3
0.0
0.4
1.5
3.9
0.0
1.5
1.2
1.9
0.2
1.6
0.7
3.8
0.2
0.0
0.2
2.7
Index
44.2
50 5
58.6
74.8
79.8
85.7
81.6
89.9
100.9
100.0
89.8
91.0
96.8
96.2
101.1
106.9
108.5
110.4
113.7
123.8
135.8
132.7
140.4
147.5
153.0
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
14 3
16.0
27.6
6.7
7.4
- 4 .8
10.2
12.2
- 0 .9
-1 0 .2
1.3
6.4
- 0 .6
5.1
5.7
1.5
1.8
3.0
8.9
9.7
- 2 .3
5.8
5.1
3.7
112.4
116 6
120.2
116.5
118.3
113.5
103.2
98.7
102.0
100.0
100.4
100.6
101.1
101.1
99.7
97.4
98.8
95.8
95.6
93.4
94.3
90.2
87.5
86.2
87.4
3.7
3.1
-3 .1
1.5
-4 .1
-9 .1
- 4 .4
3.3
- 2 .0
0.4
0.2
0.5
0.0
- 1 .4
- 2 .3
1.4
- 3 .0
- 0 .2
- 2 .3
1.0
- 4 .3
- 3 .0
- 1 .5
1.4
72.3
77.7
88.8
105.8
105.7
105.3
90.8
94.3
103.0
100.0
89.8
89.8
92.5
91.9
93.8
95.7
96.7
95.2
96.3
101.7
108.6
101.2
103.9
107.4
110.0
7.5
14.3
19.1
-0 .1
- 0 .4
-1 3 .8
3.9
9.2
- 2 .9
-1 0 .2
0.0
3.0
- 0 .6
2.1
2.0
1.0
- 1 .6
1.2
5.6
6.8
- 6 .8
2.7
3.4
2.4
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 2. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Grinding and polishing machines, metalcutting
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
1975
1976
1976
1976
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
1977 M arch...............................................................................
1978 M arch...............................................................................
1978 September.......................................................................
1978 Decem ber........................................................................
1979 M arch...............................................................................
61.9
65.4
67.1
72.0
79.0
82.1
87.4
95.2
96.4
100.0
104.5
104.5
104.7
109.5
111.1
112.8
116.1
117.1
120.5
122.7
124.5
129.2
130.7
136.8
142.3
Percent
change
5.7
2.6
7.3
9.7
3.9
6.5
8.9
1.3
3.7
4.5
0.0
0.2
4.6
1.5
1.5
2.9
0.9
2.9
1.8
1.5
3.8
1.2
4.7
4.0
Please see notes at end of tables.
9
Index
69.0
75.6
77.4
82.4
89.9
91.8
91.8
95.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
107.1
107.2
107.8
107.8
107.9
109.2
109.0
109.0
112.1
113.3
113.3
113.5
118.1
Percent
change
9.6
2.4
6.5
9.1
2.1
0.0
4.1
4.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.1
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.1
1.2
- 0 .2
0.0
2.8
1.1
0.0
0.2
4.1
Index
44.5
50.4
57.2
74.8
80.4
85.1
80.8
91.3
100.9
100.0
89.4
89.3
98.0
97.4
101.3
105.9
105.6
108.5
109.8
118.7
129.0
127.3
134.7
141.4
148.6
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
13.3
13.5
30.8
7.5
5.8
-5 .1
13.0
10.5
- 0 .9
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
9.7
- 0 .6
4.0
4.5
- 0 .3
2.7
1.2
8.1
8.7
- 1 .3
5.8
5.0
5.1
111.5
115.6
115.4
114.4
113.8
111.8
105.0
100.4
103.7
100.0
95.7
95.7
102.3
97.9
97.0
95.6
92.9
93.3
90.5
88.8
90.0
87.7
86.7
83.0
83.0
3.7
- 0 .2
- 0 .9
- 0 .5
- 1 .8
-6 .1
- 4 .4
3.3
- 3 .6
- 4 .3
0.0
6.9
- 4 .3
- 0 .9
- 1 .4
- 2 .8
0.4
- 3 .0
- 1 .9
1.4
- 2 .6
-1 .1
- 4 .3
0.0
71.9
77.1
85.2
103.9
101.8
103.7
92.4
95.9
104.7
100.0
85.6
85.5
93.6
88.9
91.2
93.9
91.0
92.7
91.1
96.7
103.6
98.5
103.1
103.4
104.4
7.2
10.5
21.9
- 2 .0
1.9
-1 0 .9
3.8
9.2
- 4 .5
-1 4 .4
-0 .1
9.5
- 5 .0
2.6
3.0
-3 .1
1.9
- 1 .7
6.1
7.1
- 4 .9
4.7
0.3
1.0
Table 3. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Presses, metalforming
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
Septem ber......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
59.8
62.6
69.4
72.3
85.4
86.4
98.5
98.5
99.9
100.0
101.3
105.8
105.8
105.8
109.9
112.4
111.8
113.7
117.5
119.0
119.8
124.6
132.4
134.0
140.5
Percent
change
4.7
10.9
4.2
18.1
1.2
14.0
0.0
1.4
0.1
1.3
4.4
0.0
0.0
3.9
2.3
- 0 .5
1.7
3.3
1.3
0.7
4.0
6.3
1.2
4.9
Index
64.1
69.8
72.0
75.3
85.7
94.4
94.4
93.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.7
101.3
101.3
101.3
104.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
110.7
110.7
109.6
109.6
112.2
Percent
change
8.9
3.2
4.6
13.8
10.2
0.0
- 1 .4
7.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.6
0.0
0.0
3.4
1.9
0.0
0.0
3.7
0.0
-1 .0
0.0
2.4
Index
41.3
46.5
53.2
68.3
76.7
87.5
83.1
89.0
100.9
100.0
89.4
89.3
92.1
92.0
95.2
99.5
102.5
106.0
107.4
116.1
127.5
124.4
130.2
136.5
141.1
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
12.6
14.4
28.4
12.3
14.1
- 5 .0
7.1
13.4
- 0 .9
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
3.1
-0 .1
3.5
4.5
3.0
3.4
1.3
8.1
9.8
- 2 .4
4.7
4.8
3.4
107.2
111.5
103.7
104.1
100.4
109.3
95.8
94.5
100.1
100.0
98.7
94.5
95.2
95.7
92.2
90.1
93.6
93.8
90.8
89.7
92.4
88.8
82.8
81.8
79.9
4.0
- 7 .0
0.4
- 3 .6
8.9
-1 2 .4
- 1 .4
5.9
-0 .1
- 1 .3
- 4 .3
0.7
0.5
- 3 .7
- 2 .3
3.9
0.2
- 3 .2
- 1 .2
3.0
- 3 .9
- 6 .8
- 1 .2
- 2 .3
69.1
74.3
76.7
94.5
89.8
101.3
84.4
90.4
101.0
100.0
88.3
84.4
87.1
87.0
86.6
88.5
91.7
93.2
91.4
97.6
106.4
99.8
98.3
101.9
100.4
7.5
3.2
23.2
- 5 .0
12.8
-1 6 .7
7.1
11.7
- 1 .0
-1 1 .7
- 4 .4
3.2
-0 .1
- 0 .5
2.2
3.6
1.6
- 1 .9
6.8
9.0
- 6 .2
- 1 .5
3.7
- 1 .5
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 4. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Interchangeable tools for hand or machine tools
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
61.4
64.7
65.5
69.7
73.9
80.2
88.4
94.7
98.2
100.0
99.3
100.7
104.3
107.9
110.4
112.6
114.9
122.5
124.8
128.6
128.9
130.4
140.2
142.2
145.3
Percent
change
5.4
1.2
6.4
6.0
8.5
10.2
7.1
3.7
1.8
-0 .7
1.4
3.6
3.5
2.3
2.0
2.0
6.6
1.9
3.0
0.2
1.2
7.5
1.4
2.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
10
Index
67.3
76.3
79.4
81.9
86.5
90.2
91.0
92.2
94.4
100.0
103.1
103.4
104.0
106.0
106.1
106.4
110.3
112.5
115.8
115.8
115.8
117.3
118.0
118.0
120.9
Percent
change
13.4
4.1
3.1
5.6
4.3
0.9
1.3
2.4
5.9
3.1
0.3
0.6
1.9
0.1
0.3
3.7
2.0
2.9
0.0
0.0
1.3
0.6
0.0
2.5
Index
43.4
50.9
58.6
74.4
77.3
83.6
80.1
88.1
95.3
100.0
92.1
92.3
95.1
96.2
99.7
104.5
107.9
111.7
116.7
126.0
133.3
131.7
140.3
147.0
152.1
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
17.3
15.1
27.0
3.9
8.2
- 4 .2
10.0
8.2
4.9
- 7 .9
0.2
3.0
1.2
3.6
4.8
3.3
3.5
4.5
8.0
5.8
- 1 .2
6.5
4.8
3.5
109.6
117.9
121.2
117.5
117.1
112.5
102.9
97.4
96.1
100.0
103.8
102.7
99.7
98.2
96.1
94.5
96.0
91.8
92.8
90.0
89.8
90.0
84.2
83.0
83.2
7.6
2.8
-3 .1
- 0 .3
- 3 .9
- 8 .5
- 5 .3
- 1 .3
4.1
3.8
-1 .1
- 2 .9
- 1 .5
-2 .1
- 1 .7
1.6
- 4 .4
1.1
- 3 .0
- 0 .2
0.2
- 6 .4
- 1 .4
0.2
70.7
78.7
89.5
106.7
104.6
104.2
90.6
93.0
97.0
100.0
92.7
91.7
91.2
89.2
90.3
92.8
93.9
91.2
93.5
98.0
103.4
101.0
100.1
103.4
104.7
11.3
13.7
19.2
- 2 .0
- 0 .4
-1 3 .1
2.6
4.3
3.1
- 7 .3
-1 .1
- 0 .5
- 2 .2
1.2
2.8
1.2
- 2 .9
2.5
4.8
5.5
-2 .3
- 0 .9
3.3
1.3
Table 5. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Diesel engines, except for motor vehicles
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...................................... .........................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
64.3
68.3
70.1
71.8
76.9
82.4
86.1
93.0
98.6
100.0
103.1
103.6
107.6
108.9
111.0
111.0
111.9
112.9
116.6
117.8
121.4
125.0
129.1
130.1
136.0
Percent
change
6.2
2.6
2.4
7.1
7.2
4.5
8.0
6.0
1.4
3.1
0.5
3.9
1.2
1.9
0.0
0.8
0.9
3.3
1.0
3.1
3.0
3.3
0.8
4.5
Index
63.1
68.7
76.0
81.2
85.3
87.5
87.5
89.1
98.5
100.0
100.0
100.1
106.8
106.5
106.0
106.4
111.3
112.2
112.2
112.2
115.1
115.3
116.1
116.0
120.5
Percent
change
8.9
10.6
6.8
5.0
2.6
0.0
1.8
10.5
1.5
0.0
0.1
6.7
- 0 .3
- 0 .5
0.4
4.6
0.8
0.0
0.0
2.6
0.2
0.7
-0 .1
3.9
Index
40.7
45.8
56.1
73.7
76.3
81.1
76.9
85.1
99.4
100.0
89.4
89.3
97.7
96.7
99.7
104.5
109.0
111.4
113.0
122.1
132.5
129.5
138.0
144.5
151.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
12.5
22.5
31.4
3.5
6.3
- 5 .2
10.7
16.8
0.6
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
9.4
- 1 .0
3.1
4.8
4.3
2.2
1.4
8.1
8.5
- 2 .3
6.6
4.7
5.0
98.1
100.6
108.4
113.1
110.9
106.2
101.6
95.8
99.9
100.0
97.0
96.6
99.3
97.8
95.5
95.9
99.5
99.4
96.2
95.2
94.8
92.2
89.9
89.2
88.6
2.5
7.8
4.3
- 1 .9
- 4 .2
- 4 .3
- 5 .7
4.3
0.1
- 3 .0
- 0 .4
2.8
- 1 .5
- 2 .4
0.4
3.8
-0 .1
- 3 .2
- 1 .0
- 0 .4
- 2 .7
- 2 .5
- 0 .8
- 0 .7
63.3
67.1
80.0
102.6
99.2
98.4
89.3
91.5
100.8
100.0
86.7
86.2
90.8
88.8
89.8
94.1
97.4
98.7
96.9
103.7
109.1
103.6
106.9
111.1
111.5
6.0
19.2
28.2
- 3 .3
- 0 .8
- 9 .2
2.5
10.2
- 0 .8
-1 3 .3
- 0 .6
5.3
- 2 .2
1.1
4.8
3.5
1.3
- 1 .8
7.0
5.2
- 5 .0
3.2
3.9
0.4
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 6. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Air and gas pumps and compressors, and parts for pumps, compressors, and compressed
air equipment
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
70.8
74.0
76.0
79.9
83.6
85.4
87.5
89.6
100.5
100.0
100.4
100.5
117.7
117.8
118.1
118.6
118.8
121.3
122.0
122.3
126.6
127.7
128.4
133.0
136.6
Percent
change
4.5
2.7
5.1
4.6
2.2
2.5
2.4
12.2
- 0 .5
0.4
0.1
17.1
0.1
0.3
0.4
0.2
2.1
0.6
0.2
3.5
0.9
0.5
3.6
2.7
Please see notes at end of tables.
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
314-593 0 - 8 0 - 3
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
11
Index
69.0
73.1
75.9
77.8
83.8
84.9
95.5
96.0
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.3
105.3
106.2
106.2
106.2
108.1
110.5
110.6
108.3
110.2
109.4
109.6
110.4
111.5
Percent
change
5.9
3.8
2.5
7.7
1.3
12.5
0.5
4.0
0.2
0.0
0.3
5.0
0.9
0.0
0.0
1.8
2.2
0.1
-2 .1
1.8
- 0 .7
0.2
0.7
1.0
Index
44.4
48.7
56.0
70.6
75.0
78.7
84.0
91.7
100.7
100.0
89.4
89.6
96.3
96.5
99.9
104.4
105.8
109.8
111.4
117.9
126.9
122.9
130.2
137.5
140.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
9.7
15.0
26.1
6.2
4.9
6.7
9.2
9.8
- 0 .7
-1 0 .6
0.2
7.5
0.2
3.5
4.5
1.3
3.8
1.5
5.8
7.6
- 3 .2
5.9
5.6
2.0
97.5
98.8
99.9
97.4
100.2
99.4
109.1
107.1
99.3
100.0
99.6
99.8
89.5
90.2
89.9
89.5
91.0
91.1
90.7
88.6
87.0
85.7
85.4
83.0
81.6
1.3
1.1
- 2 .5
2.9
- 0 .8
9.8
- 1 .8
- 7 .3
0.7
- 0 .4
0.2
-1 0 .3
0.8
- 0 .3
- 0 .4
1.7
0.1
- 0 .4
- 2 .3
- 1 .8
- 1 .5
- 0 .4
- 2 .8
- 1 .7
62.7
65.8
73.7
88.4
89.7
92.2
96.0
102.3
100.2
100.0
89.0
89.2
81.8
81.9
84.6
88.0
89.1
90.5
91.3
96.4
100.2
96.2
101.4
103.4
102.7
4.9
12.0
19.9
1.5
2.8
4.1
6.6
-2 .1
- 0 .2
-1 1 .0
0.2
- 8 .3
0.1
3.3
4.0
1.2
1.6
0.9
5.6
3.9
- 4 .0
5.4
2.0
- 0 .7
Table 7. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Compressed air equipment
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
80.8
80.9
85.6
86.7
87.0
91.7
98.7
99.6
100.0
100.0
99.9
100.0
101.7
101.8
102.5
102.8
105.4
105.6
108.1
108.4
108.5
110.1
110.7
113.7
115.5
Percent
change
0.1
5.8
1.3
0.3
5.4
7.6
0.9
0.4
0.0
-0 .1
0.1
1.7
0.1
0.7
0.3
2.5
0.2
2.4
0.3
0.1
1.5
0.5
2.7
1.6
Index
73.5
81.5
82.9
85.8
90.5
94.1
96.0
96.3
98.0
100.0
100.2
100.2
102.2
104.4
105.7
105.7
110.0
110.2
110.7
110.7
111.5
113.5
113.6
114.8
115.4
Percent
change
10.9
1.7
3.5
5.5
4.0
2.0
0.3
1.8
2.0
0.2
0.0
2.0
2.2
1.2
0.0
4.1
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.7
1.8
0.1
1.1
0.5
Index
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
14.8
12.9
27.1
3.9
7.8
- 3 .2
9.0
7.5
1.1
-1 0 .4
-0 .1
4.5
1.4
4.9
4.5
3.6
1.8
1.8
8.0
6.6
- 0 .6
6.0
5.8
1.5
91.0
100.7
96.8
99.0
104.0
102.6
97.3
96.7
98.0
100.0
100.3
100.2
100.5
102.6
103.1
102.8
104.4
104.4
102.4
102.1
102.8
103.1
102.6
101.0
99.9
10.7
- 3 .9
2.3
5.1
- 1 .3
- 5 .2
-0 .6
1.3
2.0
0.3
-0 .1
0.3
2.1
0.5
- 0 .3
1.6
0.0
- 1 .9
- 0 .3
0.7
0.3
- 0 .5
- 1 .6
-1 .1
58.5
67.1
71.6
89.9
93.0
95.1
85.5
92.4
98.9
100.0
89.7
89.5
91.9
93.1
97.0
101.1
102.1
103.7
103.1
111.1
118.2
115.8
122.0
125.7
125.6
14.7
6.7
25.6
3.4
2.3
-1 0 .1
8.1
7.0
1.1
-1 0 .3
- 0 .2
2.7
1.3
4.2
4.2
1.0
1.6
- 0 .6
7.8
6.4
- 2 .0
5.4
3.0
-0 .1
47.3
54.3
61.3
77.9
80.9
87.2
84.4
92.0
98.9
100.0
89.6
89.5
93.5
94.8
99.4
103.9
107.6
109.5
111.5
120.4
128.3
127.5
135.1
142.9
145.1
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 8. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Pumps for liquids, except as parts for motor vehicles
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
61.5
62.4
64.5
68.3
75.6
86.8
89.6
92.2
95.8
100.0
110.0
108.8
109.8
112.3
117.5
118.6
119.1
123.5
124.6
124.8
127.2
130.7
131.7
137.8
139.9
Percent
change
1.5
3.4
5.9
10.7
14.8
3.2
2.9
3.9
4.4
10.0
-1 .1
0.9
2.3
4.6
0.9
0.4
3.7
0.9
0.2
1.9
2.8
0.8
4.6
1.5
Please see notes at end of tables.
12
Index
67.7
72.4
75.6
79.5
87.0
88.8
90.9
90.9
98.3
100.0
100.1
100.1
103.8
105.1
105.4
105.4
109.5
110.9
111.3
111.3
113.6
113.9
113.9
113.9
114.6
Percent
change
6.9
4.4
5.2
9.4
2.1
2.4
0.0
8.1
1.7
0.1
0.0
3.7
1.3
0.3
0.0
3.9
1.3
0.4
0.0
2.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.6
Index
43.6
48.3
55.8
72.2
77.8
82.3
80.0
86.9
99.2
100.0
89.4
89.3
94.9
95.5
99.0
103.5
107.1
110.2
112.1
121.1
130.8
127.9
135.4
141.9
144.1
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
10.8
15.5
29.4
7.8
5.8
- 2 .8
8.6
14.2
0.8
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
6.3
0.6
3.7
4.5
3.5
2.9
1.7
8.0
8.0
- 2 .2
5.9
4.8
1.6
110.1
116.0
117.2
116.4
115.1
102.3
101.5
98.6
102.6
100.0
91.0
92.0
94.5
93.6
89.7
88.9
91.9
89.8
89.3
89.2
89.3
87.1
86.5
82.7
81.9
5.4
1.0
- 0 .7
-1 .1
-1 1 .1
- 0 .8
-2 .9
4.1
- 2 .5
-9 .0
1.1
2.7
- 1 .0
- 4 .2
- 0 .9
3.4
- 2 .3
- 0 .6
-0 .1
0.1
- 2 .5
- 0 .7
- 4 .4
- 1 .0
70.9
77.4
86.5
105.7
102.9
94.8
89.3
94.3
103.5
100.0
81.3
82.1
86.4
85.0
84.3
87.3
89.9
89.2
90.0
97.0
102.8
97.9
102.8
103.0
103.0
9.2
11.8
22.2
- 2 .6
- 7 .9
-5 .8
5.6
9.8
- 3 .4
-1 8 .7
1.0
5.2
-1 .6
- 0 .8
3.6
3.0
- 0 .8
0.9
7.8
6.0
- 4 .8
5.0
0.2
0.0
Table 9. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Construction machinery and equipment
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
62.7
65.2
69.8
73.4
78.9
83.2
89.7
94.2
99.2
100.0
101.1
102.7
105.2
105.5
106.7
109.6
112.3
113.5
116.3
119.6
120.6
125.0
127.5
132.0
133.1
Percent
change
4.0
7.1
5.2
7.5
5.4
7.8
5.0
5.3
0.8
1.1
1.6
2.4
0.3
1.1
2.7
2.5
1.1
2.5
2.8
0.8
3.6
2.0
3.5
0.8
Index
70.0
74.0
77.7
82.9
85.9
88.3
90.6
94.0
99.3
100.0
100.4
100.5
102.3
103.4
104.4
104.4
107.3
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.2
109.1
109.3
109.1
110.0
Percent
change
5.7
5.0
6.7
3.6
2.8
2.6
3.8
5.6
0.7
0.4
0.1
1.8
1.1
1.0
0.0
2.8
0.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.8
0.2
- 0 .2
0.8
Index
45.1
49.3
57.4
75.3
76.8
81.8
79.7
89.8
100.2
100.0
89.8
89.7
93.5
93.9.
98.2
102.5
105.0
107.4
108.9
117.6
124.5
122.5
130.0
135.8
138.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
9.3
16.4
31.2
2.0
6.5
- 2 .6
12.7
11.6
- 0 .2
-1 0 .2
-0 .1
4.2
0.4
4.6
4.4
2.4
2.3
1.4
8.0
5.9
- 1 .6
6.1
4.5
1.9
111.6
113.5
111.3
112.9
108.9
106.1
101.0
99.8
100.1
100.0
99.3
97.9
97.2
98.0
97.8
95.3
95.5
95.2
92.9
90.4
89.7
87.3
85.7
82.7
82.6
1.7
- 1 .9
1.4
- 3 .5
- 2 .6
- 4 .8
- 1 .2
0.3
-0 .1
- 0 .7
- 1 .4
- 0 .7
0.8
- 0 .2
- 2 .6
0.2
- 0 .3
- 2 .4
- 2 .7
- 0 .8
- 2 .7
- 1 .8
- 3 .5
-0 .1
71.9
75.6
82.2
102.6
97.3
98.3
88.9
95.3
101.0
100.0
88.8
87.3
88.9
89.0
92.0
93.5
93.5
94.6
93.6
98.3
103.2
98.0
102.0
102.9
104.0
5.1
8.7
24.8
- 5 .2
1.0
- 9 .6
7.2
6.0
- 1 .0
-1 1 .2
- 1 .7
1.8
0.1
3.4
1.6
0.0
1.2
-1 .1
5.0
5.0
- 5 .0
4.1
0.9
1.1
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 10. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Mining machinery and equipment
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
61.0
63.4
66.6
68.9
74.7
82.6
89.1
93.4
96.3
100.0
104.8
110.1
113.0
113.5
116.0
121.6
125.4
126.7
128.8
132.9
135.3
135.7
140.9
145.4
148.7
Percent
change
3.9
5.0
3.5
8.4
10.6
7.9
4.8
3.1
3.8
4.8
5.1
2.6
0.4
2.2
4.8
3.1
1.0
1.7
3.2
1.8
0.3
3.8
3.2
2.3
Please see notes at end of tables.
13
Index
64.3
71.7
75.0
78.2
86.4
87.6
90.4
91.3
97.8
100.0
101.0
101.1
104.3
106.4
106.4
106.4
110.4
110.8
111.9
111.9
114.1
114.7
115.6
116.0
119.6
Percent
change
11.5
4.6
4.3
10.5
1.4
3.2
1.0
7.1
2.2
1.0
0.1
3.2
2.0
0.0
0.0
3.8
0.4
1.0
0.0
2.0
0.5
0.8
0.3
3.1
Index
41.4
47.8
55.4
71.0
77.3
81.2
79.5
87.2
98.7
100.0
90.3
90.3
95.4
96.6
100.0
104.5
108.1
110.0
112.7
121.8
131.3
128.9
137.4
144.4
150.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
15.5
15.9
28.2
8.9
5.0
-2 .1
9.7
13.2
1.3
- 9 .7
0.0
5.6
1.3
3.5
4.5
3.4
1.8
2.5
8.1
7.8
- 1 .8
6.6
5.1
4.2
105.4
113.1
112.6
113.5
115.7
106.1
101.5
97.8
101.6
100.0
96.4
91.8
92.3
93.7
91.7
87.5
88.0
87.5
86.9
84.2
84.3
84.5
82.0
79.8
80.4
7.3
- 0 .4
0.8
1.9
- 8 .3
- 4 .3
- 3 .6
3.9
- 1 .6
- 3 .6
- 4 .8
0.5
1.5
-2 .1
- 4 .6
0.6
- 0 .6
- 0 .7
-3 .1
0.1
0.2
- 3 .0
- 2 .7
0.8
67.9
75.4
83.2
103.0
103.5
98.3
89.2
93.4
102.5
100.0
86.2
82.0
84.4
85.1
86.2
85.9
86.2
86.8
87.5
91.6
97.0
95.0
97.5
99.3
101.1
11.0
10.3
23.8
0.5
-5 .0
- 9 .3
4.7
9.7
- 2 .4
-1 3 .8
- 4 .9
2.9
0.8
1.3
- 0 .3
0.3
0.7
0.8
4.7
5.9
-2 .1
2.6
1.8
1.8
Table 11. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Agricultural machinery and equipment, except tractors
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
Percent
change
66.2
68.5
72.5
73.7
79.2
82.5
91.2
95.6
99.4
100.0
100.6
103.9
105.3
107.1
108.7
112.6
115.2
115.1
116.3
119.6
121.3
123.5
125.3
128.6
128.9
3.5
5.8
1.7
7.5
4.2
10.5
4.8
4.0
0.6
0.6
3.3
1.3
1.7
1.5
3.6
2.3
-0 .1
1.0
2.8
1.4
1.8
1.5
2.6
0.2
Index
65.3
71.5
74.7
79.6
86.8
89.0
94.1
95.1
97.8
100.0
100.9
102.0
103.1
105.3
106.1
107.2
108.6
108.8
110.3
110.6
111.5
111.4
114.5
115.4
116.1
Percent
change
9.5
4.5
6.6
9.0
2.5
5.7
1.1
2.8
2.2
0.9
1.1
1.1
2.1
0.8
1.0
1.3
0.2
1.4
0.3
0.8
-0 .1
2.8
0.8
0.6
Index
42.1
47.7
55.2
72.2
77.7
82.5
82.8
90.9
98.7
100.0
90.2
91.1
94.3
95.6
99.7
105.3
106.3
108.1
111.1
120.4
128.4
125.1
136.1
143.8
146.0
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
13.3
15.7
30.8
7.6
6.2
0.4
9.8
8.6
1.3
- 9 .8
1.0
3.5
1.4
4.3
5.6
0.9
1.7
2.8
8.4
6.6
-2 .6
8.8
5.7
1.5
98.6
104.4
103.0
108.0
109.6
107.9
103.2
99.5
98.4
100.0
100.3
98.2
97.9
98.3
97.6
95.2
94.3
94.5
94.8
92.5
91.9
90.2
91.4
89.7
90.1
5.9
- 1 .3
4.9
1.5
- 1 .6
- 4 .4
- 3 .6
-1 .1
1.6
0.3
-2 .1
- 0 .3
0.4
- 0 .7
- 2 .5
- 0 .9
0.2
0.3
- 2 .4
-0 .6
- 1 .8
1.3
- 1 .9
0.4
63.6
69.6
76.1
98.0
98.1
100.0
90.8
95.1
99.3
100.0
89.7
87.7
89.6
89.3
91.7
93.5
92.3
93.9
95.5
100.7
105.9
101.3
108.6
111.8
113.3
9.4
9.3
28.8
0.1
1.9
- 9 .2
4.7
4.4
0.7
-1 0 .3
- 2 .2
2.2
- 0 .3
2.7
2.0
- 1 .3
1.7
1.7
5.4
5.2
- 4 .3
7.2
2.9
1.3
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 12. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Agricultural tractors
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
64.2
68.2
71.3
73.9
81.3
84.6
90.2
96.5
100.5
100.0
102.8
108.0
108.9
111.0
112.2
115.4
119.6
119.9
124.5
130.7
132.0
132.8
138.3
137.8
138.8
Percent
change
6.2
4.5
3.6
10.0
4.1
6.6
7.0
4.1
- 0 .5
2.8
5.1
0.8
1.9
1.1
2.9
3.6
0.3
3.8
5.0
1.0
0.6
4.1
- 0 .4
0.7
Please see notes at end of tables.
14
Index
73.4
79.7
81.7
82.4
86.3
88.6
91.8
97.6
96.3
100.0
100.0
102.8
104.6
105.7
105.9
109.2
110.5
111.7
111.7
111.7
111.8
112.4
112.4
112.9
113.2
Percent
change
8.6
2.5
0.9
4.7
2.7
3.6
6.3
- 1 .3
3.8
0.0
2.8
1.8
1.1
0.2
3.1
1.2
1.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.4
0.3
Index
47.3
53.1
60.4
74.8
77.2
82.1
80.8
93.3
97.2
100.0
89.4
91.8
95.6
96.0
99.5
107.2
108.1
111.0
112.5
121.5
128.6
126.3
133.6
140.7
142.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
12.3
13.7
23.8
3.2
6.3
- 1 .6
15.5
4.2
2.9
-1 0 .6
2.7
4.1
0.4
3.6
7.7
0.8
2.7
1.4
8.0
5.8
- 1 .8
5.8
5.3
1.2
114.3
116.9
114.6
111.5
106.2
104.7
101.8
101.1
95.8
100.0
97.3
95.2
96.1
95.2
94.4
94.6
92.4
93.2
89.7
85.5
84.7
84.6
81.3
81.9
81.6
2.3
- 2 .0
- 2 .7
- 4 .8
- 1 .4
- 2 .8
- 0 .7
- 5 .2
4.4
- 2 .7
- 2 .2
0.9
- 0 .9
- 0 .8
0.2
- 2 .3
0.9
- 3 .8
- 4 .7
- 0 .9
-0 .1
- 3 .9
0.7
- 0 .4
73.7
77.9
84.7
101.2
95.0
97.0
89.6
96.7
96.7
100.0
87.0
85.0
87.8
86.5
88.7
92.9
90.4
92.6
90.4
93.0
97.4
95.1
96.6
102.1
102.6
5.7
8.7
19.5
-6 .1
2.1
- 7 .6
7.9
0.0
3.4
-1 3 .0
- 2 .3
3.3
- 1 .5
2.5
4.7
-2 .7
2.4
- 2 .4
2.9
4.7
- 2 .4
1.6
5.7
0.5
Table 13. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Cranes, hoists, and winches, not manually operated
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June........................... ......................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
60.2
63.3
65.7
70.8
74.2
83.1
84.7
89.6
98.1
100.0
102.0
104.8
106.7
107.0
108.7
110.2
111.6
113.8
116.1
117.4
119.8
121.5
123.9
127.8
128.6
Percent
change
5.1
3.8
7.8
4.8
12.0
1.9
5.8
9.5
1.9
2.0
2.7
1.8
0.3
1.6
1.4
1.3
2.0
2.0
1.1
2.0
1.4
2.0
3.1
0.6
Index
66.8
74.6
79.7
84.8
92.1
92.4
94.3
94.3
99.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.6
101.8
102.6
102.6
113.9
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
118.5
118.5
118.5
123.8
Percent
change
11.7
6.8
6.4
8.6
0.3
2.1
0.0
5.8
0.2
0.0
0.0
- 0 .4
2.2
0.8
0.0
11.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.9
0.0
0.0
4.5
Index
43.1
49.7
58.9
77.0
82.3
85.7
82.9
90.0
100.7
100.0
89.4
89.3
91.1
92.4
96.5
100.8
111.5
113.4
115.0
124.2
131.4
133.0
140.8
147.5
155.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
15.3
18.5
30.7
6.9
4.1
- 3 .3
8.6
11.9
- 0 .7
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
2.0
1.4
4.4
4.5
10.6
1.7
1.4
8.0
5.8
1.2
5.9
4.8
5.6
111.0
117.9
121.3
119.8
124.1
111.2
111.3
105.2
101.7
100.0
98.0
95.4
93.3
95.1
94.4
93.1
102.1
100.3
98.3
97.2
95.2
97.5
95 6
92.7
96.3
6.2
2.9
- 1 .2
3.6
-1 0 .4
0.1
- 5 .5
- 3 .3
- 1 .7
- 2 .0
- 2 .7
- 2 .2
1.9
- 0 .7
- 1 .4
9.7
- 1 .8
- 2 .0
1.1
-2 .1
2.4
- 1 .9
3.0
3.9
71.6
78.5
89.6
108.8
110.9
103.1
97.9
100.4
102.7
100.0
87.6
85.2
85.4
86.4
88.8
91.5
99.9
99.6
99.1
105.8
109.7
109.5
113.6
115.4
121.1
9.6
14.1
21.4
1.9
- 7 .0
- 5 .0
2.6
2.3
-2 .6
-1 2 .4
- 2 .7
0.2
1.2
2.8
3.0
9.2
- 0 .3
- 0 .5
6.8
3.7
- 0 .2
3.7
1.6
4.9
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 14. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Industrial trucks, and manually operated cranes, hoists, and winches
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
65.4
67.8
70.8
73.2
81.5
84.9
89.8
93.3
100.8
100.0
103.2
104.6
106.8
107.2
107.4
109.9
112.0
113.7
114.0
116.6
119.3
120.2
125.0
126.5
129.3
Percent
change
3.7
4.4
3.4
11.3
4.2
5.8
3.9
8.0
- 0 .8
3.2
1.4
2.1
0.4
0.2
2.3
1.9
1.5
0.3
2.3
2.3
0.8
4.0
1.2
2.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
15
Index
69.1
74.0
76.7
81.6
88.7
90.7
93.3
93.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.9
102.4
102.6
102.6
102.6
105.5
105.5
105.9
105.9
108.3
108.8
108.2
108.2
110.4
Percent
change
7.1
3.6
6.4
8.7
2.3
2.9
0.2
7.0
0.0
0.0
-0 .1
2.5
0.2
0.0
0.0
2.8
0.0
0.4
0.0
2.3
0.5
- 0 .6
0.0
2.0
Index
44.5
49.3
56.6
74.0
79.3
84.1
82.1
89.3
100.9
100.0
89.4
89.2
93.6
93.1
96.4
100.7
103.2
104.8
106.7
115.3
124.6
122.2
128.6
134.8
138.9
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
10.8
14.8
30.7
7.2
6.1
- 2 .4
8.8
13.0
- 0 .9
-1 0 .6
- 0 .2
4.9
- 0 .5
3.5
4.5
2.5
1.6
1.8
8.1
8.1
- 1 .9
5.2
4.8
3.0
105.7
109.1
108.3
111.5
108.8
106.8
103.9
100.2
99.2
100.0
96.9
95.5
95.9
95.7
95.5
93.4
94.2
92.8
92.9
90.8
90.8
90.5
86.6
85.5
85.4
3.2
- 0 .7
3.0
- 2 .4
- 1 .8
- 2 .7
- 3 .6
- 1 .0
0.8
-3 .1
- 1 .4
0.4
- 0 .2
- 0 .2
- 2 .2
0.9
- 1 .5
0.1
- 2 .3
0.0
- 0 .3
- 4 .3
- 1 .3
-0 .1
68.0
72.7
79.9
101.1
97.3
99.1
91.4
95.7
100.1
100.0
86.6
85.3
87.6
86.8
89.8
91.6
92.1
92.2
93.6
98.9
104.4
101.7
102.9
106.6
107.4
6.9
9.9
26.5
- 3 .8
1.8
- 7 .8
4.7
4.6
-0 .1
-1 3 .4
- 1 .5
2.7
- 0 .9
3.5
2.0
0.5
0.1
1.5
5.7
5.6
- 2 .6
1.2
3.6
0.8
Table 15. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Machines for making or finishing paper and paper products
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
69.2
72.7
75.4
84.6
89.9
93.7
96.4
96.7
98.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
108.0
108.0
108.0
110.1
116.8
117.7
118.5
118.9
121.8
124.0
127.8
129.3
129.5
Percent
change
5.1
3.7
12.2
6.3
4.2
2.9
0.3
2.2
1.2
0.0
0.0
8.0
0.0
0.0
1.9
6.1
0.8
0.7
0.3
2.4
1.8
3.1
1.2
0.2
Index
64.4
70.1
74.1
78.2
86.2
88.7
90.5
91.1
98.8
100.0
100.8
101.6
103.9
104.1
104.2
104.8
110.5
110.7
110.8
111.2
113.7
113.5
113.5
113.9
117.4
Percent
change
8.9
5.7
5.5
10.2
2.9
2.0
0.7
8.5
1.2
0.8
0.8
2.3
0.2
0.1
0.6
5.4
0.2
0.1
0.4
2.2
- 0 .2
0.0
0.4
3.1
Index
41.5
46.7
54.7
71.0
77.0
82.2
79.6
87.0
99.7
100.0
90.1
90.7
95.0
94.5
97.9
102.9
108.2
110.0
111.6
121.0
130.9
127.5
134.9
141.9
147.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
12.5
17.1
29.8
8.5
6.8
- 3 .2
9.3
14.6
0.3
- 9 .9
0.7
4.7
- 0 .5
3.6
5.1
5.2
1.7
1.5
8.4
8.2
- 2 .6
5.8
5.2
4.1
93.1
96.4
98.3
92.4
95.9
94.7
93.9
94.2
100.0
100.0
100.8
101.6
96.2
96.4
96.5
95.2
94.6
94.1
93.5
93.5
93.3
91.5
88.8
88.1
90.7
3.5
2.0
- 6 .0
3.8
- 1 .3
- 0 .8
0.3
6.2
0.0
0.8
0.8
- 5 .3
0.2
0.1
- 1 .3
- 0 .6
- 0 .5
- 0 .6
0.0
-0 .2
- 1 .9
- 3 .0
- 0 .8
3.0
60.0
64.2
72.5
83.9
85.7
87.7
82.6
90.0
100.9
100.0
90.1
90.7
88.0
87.5
90.6
93.5
92.6
93.5
94.2
101.8
107.5
102.8
105.6
109.7
114.1
7.0
12.9
15.7
2.1
2.3
- 5 .8
9.0
12.1
-0 .9
- 9 .9
0.7
-3 .0
-0 .6
3.5
3.2
- 1 .0
1.0
0.7
8.1
5.6
- 4 .4
2.7
3.9
4.0
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 16. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Typemaking, typesetting, and printing machines
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June................................................................................. .
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
80.8
83.8
86.1
86.2
87.8
92.0
92.9
97.7
100.0
100.0
104.3
105.6
112.4
112.4
114.1
118.0
124.0
126.3
129.2
130.4
135.0
139.3
138.7
140.4
143.1
Percent
change
3.7
2.7
0.1
1.9
4.8
1.0
5.2
2.4
0.0
4.3
1.2
6.4
0.0
1.5
3.4
5.1
1.9
2.3
0.9
3.5
3.2
- 0 .4
1.2
1.9
Please see notes at end of tables.
16
Index
67.6
74.2
77.0
82.1
90.0
90.6
92.9
94.7
96.2
100.0
100.2
100.8
103.2
104.0
106.2
106.6
109.0
110.1
111.4
111.6
112.6
112.8
114.9
115.0
116.7
Percent
change
9.8
3.8
6.6
9.6
0.7
2.5
1.9
1.6
4.0
0.2
0.6
2.4
0.8
2.1
0.4
2.3
1.0
1.2
0.2
0.9
0.2
1.9
0.1
1.5
Index
43.6
49.4
56.9
74.6
80.5
84.0
81.8
90.5
97.1
100.0
89.6
90.0
94.4
94.4
99.8
104.7
106.7
109.4
112.2
121.4
129.6
126.7
136.6
143.2
146.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
13.3
15.2
31.1
7.9
4.3
-2 .6
10.6
7.3
3.0
-1 0 .4
0.4
4.9
0.0
5.7
4.9
1.9
2.5
2.6
8.2
6.8
- 2 .2
7.8
4.8
2.5
83.7
88.5
89.4
95.2
102.5
98.5
100.0
96.9
96.2
100.0
96.1
95.5
91.8
92.5
93.1
90.3
87.9
87.2
86.2
85.6
83,4
81.0
82.8
81.9
81.6
5.7
1.0
6.5
7.7
- 3 .9
1.5
-3 .1
- 0 .7
4.0
- 3 .9
- 0 .6
- 3 .9
0.8
0.6
- 3 .0
- 2 .7
- 0 .8
-1 .1
- 0 .7
- 2 .6
- 2 .9
2.2
-1 .1
- 0 .4
54.0
58.9
66.1
86.5
91.7
91.3
88.1
92.6
97.1
100.0
85.9
85.2
84.0
84.0
87.5
88.7
86.0
86.6
86.8
93.1
96.0
91.0
98.5
102.0
102.6
9.1
12.2
30.9
6.0
- 0 .4
- 3 .5
5.1
4.9
3.0
-1 4 .1
- 0 .8
- 1 .4
0.0
4.2
1.4
-3 .0
0.7
0.2
7.3
3.1
- 5 .2
8.2
3.6
0.6
Table 17. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
67.8
69.7
67.0
70.5
81.2
82.8
92.0
93.8
96.7
100.0
100.8
103.1
107.0
107.7
109.4
113.4
114.0
114.8
115.1
119.3
121.3
123.2
125.6
130.1
133.2
Percent
change
2.8
- 3 .9
5.2
15.2
2.0
11.1
2.0
3.1
3.4
0.8
2.3
3.8
0.7
1.6
3.7
0.5
0.7
0.3
3.6
1.7
1.6
1.9
3.6
2.4
Index
76.2
79.7
81.6
85.3
95.1
101.5
101.7
101.3
100.6
100.0
100.8
100.1
102.0
103.7
103.1
103.1
106.0
106.6
105.5
105.5
106.9
107.0
107.1
107.3
108.6
Percent
change
4.6
2.4
4.5
11.5
6.7
0.2
- 0 .4
- 0 .7
- 0 .6
0.8
- 0 .7
1.9
1.7
- 0 .6
0.0
2.8
0.6
- 1 .0
0.0
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.2
Index
49.1
53.1
60.3
77.4
85.1
94.1
89.4
96.8
101.5
100.0
90.1
89.3
93.2
94.2
97.0
101.3
103.7
105.9
106.3
114.8
123.0
120.2
127.3
133.6
136.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
8.1
13.6
28.4
9.9
10.6
- 5 .0
8.3
4.9
- 1 .5
- 9 .9
- 0 .9
4.4
1.1
3.0
4.4
2.4
2.1
0.4
8.0
7.1
- 2 .3
5.9
4.9
2.3
112.4
114.3
121.8
121.0
117.1
122.6
110.5
108.0
104.0
100.0
100.0
97.1
95.3
96.3
94.2
90.9
93.0
92.9
91.7
88.4
88.1
86.9
85.3
82.5
81.5
1.7
6.6
- 0 .7
- 3 .2
4.7
- 9 .9
- 2 .3
- 3 .7
- 3 .8
0.0
- 2 .9
- 1 .9
1.0
- 2 .2
- 3 .5
2.3
-0 .1
- 1 .3
-3 .6
- 0 .3
- 1 .4
- 1 .8
- 3 .3
- 1 .2
72.4
76.2
90.0
109.8
104.8
113.6
97.2
103.2
105.0
100.0
89.4
86.6
87.1
87.5
88.7
89.3
91.0
92.2
92.4
96.2
101.4
97.6
101.4
102.7
102.6
5.2
18.1
22.0
- 4 .6
8.4
-1 4 .4
6.2
1.7
- 4 .8
-1 0 .6
-3 .1
0.6
0.5
1.4
0.7
1.9
1.3
0.2
4.1
5.4
- 3 .7
3.9
1.3
-0 .1
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 18. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Internal combustion engines for motor vehicles
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
100.0
106.6
106.6
110.6
110.6
112.7
113.5
113.6
113.6
120.6
121.4
124.1
124.1
129.4
129.4
131.0
Percent
change
6.6
0.0
3.8
0.0
1.9
0.7
0.1
0.0
6.2
0.7
2.2
0.0
4.3
0.0
1.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
17
Index
100.0
100.1
100.1
101.1
104.8
104.8
104.9
105.6
109.6
109.8
109.8
113.7
115.0
115.0
115.0
117.1
Percent
change
0.1
0.0
1.0
3.7
0.0
0.1
0.7
3.8
0.2
0.0
3.6
1.1
0.0
0.0
1.8
Index
100.0
89.5
89.4
92.5
95.2
98.5
103.1
103.3
108.9
110.6
119.5
130.9
129.2
136.7
143.3
147.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
-1 0 .5
-0 .1
3.5
2.9
3.5
4.7
0.2
5.4
1.6
8.0
9.5
- 1 .3
5.8
4.8
2.8
100.0
93.9
93.9
91.4
94.8
93.0
92.4
93.0
96.5
91.0
90.4
91.6
92.7
88.9
88.9
89.4
-6 .1
0.0
- 2 .7
3.7
- 1 .9
- 0 .6
0.6
3.8
- 5 .7
- 0 .7
1.3
1.2
-4 .1
0.0
0.6
100.0
84.0
83.9
83.6
86.1
87.4
90.8
90.9
95.9
91.7
98.4
105.5
104.1
105.6
110.7
112.4
-1 6 .0
-0 .1
- 0 .4
3.0
1.5
3.9
0.1
5.5
- 4 .4
7.3
7.2
- 1 .3
1.4
4.8
1.5
Table 19. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Parts and accessories for motor vehicles, except electric
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
69.1
71.8
74.0
77.6
79.7
86.9
91.7
96.7
98.6
100.0
101.5
102.2
103.8
104.0
105.0
108.3
108.8
108.6
111.0
110.8
116.2
118.2
122.4
124.8
130.4
Percent
change
3.9
3.1
4.9
2.7
9.0
5.5
5.5
2.0
1.4
1.5
0.7
1.6
0.2
1.0
3.1
0.5
- 0 .2
2.2
- 0 .2
4.9
1.7
3.6
2.0
4.5
Index
72.3
76.5
77.6
80.9
88.8
91.1
92.7
93.3
99.1
100.0
100.8
101.7
105.0
105.8
106.0
105.0
108.8
111.0
111.0
111.2
113.3
113.8
114.1
114.2
116.4
Percent
change
5.8
1.4
4.3
9.8
2.6
1.8
0.6
6.2
0.9
0.8
0.9
3.2
0.8
0.2
-0 .9
3.6
2.0
0.0
0.2
1.9
0.4
0.3
0.1
1.9
Index
46.6
51.0
57.3
73.5
79.4
84.5
81.6
89.1
100.0
100.0
90.1
90.8
96.0
96.1
99.7
103.1
106.5
110.3
111.8
121.0
130.5
127.8
135.6
142.2
146.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
9.4
12.4
28.3
8.0
6.4
- 3 .4
9.2
12.2
0.0
- 9 .9
0.8
5.7
0.1
3.7
3.4
3.3
3.6
1.4
8.2
7.9
-2 .1
6.1
4.9
3.0
104.6
106.5
104.9
104.3
111.4
104.8
101.1
96.5
100.5
100.0
99.3
99.5
101.2
101.7
101.0
97.0
100.0
102.2
100.0
100.4
97.5
96.3
93.2
91.5
89.3
1.8
- 1 .5
- 0 .6
6.8
- 5 .9
- 3 .5
- 4 .5
4.1
- 0 .5
- 0 .7
0.2
1.7
0.5
-0 .7
- 4 .0
3.1
2.2
- 2 .2
0.4
- 2 .9
- 1 .2
- 3 .2
- 1 .8
- 2 .4
67.4
71.0
77.4
94.7
99.6
97.2
89.0
92.1
101.4
100.0
88.8
88.8
92.5
92.4
95.0
95.2
97.9
101.6
100.7
109.2
112.3
108.1
110.8
113.9
112.3
5.3
9.0
22.4
5.2
-2 .4
-8 .4
3.5
10.1
-1 .4
-1 1 .2
0.0
4.2
-0 .1
2.8
0.2
2.8
3.8
-0 .9
8.4
2.8
-3 .7
2.5
2.8
- 1 .4
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 20. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electric motors and generators
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
65.5
69.7
72.6
76.5
82.6
85.9
90.6
92.8
95.0
100.0
102.4
103.0
103.8
106.0
107.4
108.8
112.5
111.5
112.8
112.8
117.1
119.2
118.9
122.3
127.1
Percent
change
6.4
4.2
5.4
8.0
4.0
5.5
2.4
2.4
5.3
2.4
0.6
0.8
2.1
1.3
1.3
3.4
- 0 .9
1.2
0.0
3.8
1.8
- 0 .3
2.9
3.9
Please see notes at end of tables.
18
Index
64.1
73.1
76.2
80.4
86.7
90.1
93.8
93.5
99.1
100.0
100.7
100.7
103.4
105.8
105.8
105.8
109.2
110.3
110.3
110.3
112.8
109.4
109.4
109.4
111.7
Percent
change
14.0
4.2
5.5
7.8
3.9
4.1
- 0 .3
6.0
0.9
0.7
0.0
2.7
2.3
0.0
0.0
3.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
2.3
- 3 .0
0.0
0.0
2.1
Index
41.3
48.7
56.3
73.0
77.5
83.5
82.5
89.3
100.1
100.0
90.0
89.9
94.5
96.1
99.5
103.9
106.9
109.6
111.1
120.1
129.9
122.9
130.0
136.3
140.5
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
17.9
15.6
29.7
6.2
7.7
- 1 .2
8.2
12.1
-0 .1
-1 0 .0
-0 .1
5.1
1.7
3.5
4.4
2.9
2.5
1.4
8.1
8.2
- 5 .4
5.8
4.8
3.1
97.9
104.9
105.0
105.1
105.0
104.9
103.5
100.8
104.3
100.0
98.3
97.8
99.6
99.8
98.5
97.2
97.1
98.9
97.8
97.8
96.3
91.8
92.0
89.5
87.9
7.2
0.1
0.1
-0 .1
-0 .1
- 1 .3
- 2 .6
3.5
-4 .1
- 1 .7
- 0 .5
1.8
0.2
- 1 .3
- 1 .3
-0 .1
1.9
-1 .1
0.0
- 1 .5
- 4 .7
0.2
- 2 .7
- 1 .8
63.1
69.9
77.5
95.4
93.8
97.2
91.1
96.2
105.4
100.0
87.9
87.3
91.0
90.7
92.6
95.5
95.0
98.3
98:5
106.5
110.9
103.1
109.3
111.4
110.5
10.8
10.9
23.1
- 1 .7
3.6
- 6 .3
5.6
9.6
-5 .1
-1 2 .1
-0 .7
4.2
- 0 .3
2.1
3.1
- 0 .5
3.5
0.2
8.1
4.1
- 7 .0
6.0
1.9
- 0 .8
Table 21. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Transformers, rectifiers, and rectifying apparatus
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June....... ..........................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
1978 September.......................................................................
1978 Decem ber........................................................................
1979 M arch...............................................................................
78.3
76.3
81.8
78.4
88.4
92.0
93.7
96.2
98.5
100.0
101.1
101.3
103.2
105.6,
104.9
105.4
109.9
110.6
111.6
111.0
113.4
114.3
115.6
117.4
121.3
Percent
change
- 2 .6
7.2
- 4 .2
12.8
4.1
1.8
2.7
2.4
1.5
1.1
0.2
1.9
2.3
- 0 .7
0.5
4.3
0.6
0.9
- 0 .5
2.2
0.8
1.1
1.6
3.3
Index
83.1
84.3
87.4
89.1
87.6
88.3
91.9
93.3
100.1
100.0
100.5
99.4
99.6
99.6
100.9
100.9
104.4
105.3
105.2
105.2
104.8
106.3
106.2
106.2
107.5
Percent
change
1.4
3.7
1.9
- 1 .7
0.8
4.1
1.5
7.3
-0 .1
0.5
-1 .1
0.2
0.0
1.3
0.0
3.5
0.9
-0 .1
0.0
- 0 .4
1.4
-0 .1
0.0
1.2
Index
53.6
56.2
64.6
80.9
78.3
81.9
80.8
89.2
101.0
100.0
89.8
88.8
91.0
90.4
94.9
99.1
102.2
104.6
105.9
114.5
120.6
119.3
126.2
132.2
135.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
4.9
14.9
25.2
- 3 .2
4.6
- 1 .3
10.4
13.2
- 1 .0
-1 0 .2
-1 .1
2.5
- 0 .7
5.0
4.4
3.1
2.3
1.2
8.1
5.3
-1 .1
5.8
4.8
2.3
106.1
110.5
106.8
113.6
99.1
96.0
98.1
97.0
101.6
100.0
99.4
98.1
96.5
94.3
96.2
95.7
95.0
95.2
94.3
94.8
92.4
93.0
91.9
90.5
88.6
4.1
- 3 .3
6.4
-1 2 .8
-3 .1
2.2
-1 .1
4.7
- 1 .6
- 0 .6
- 1 .3
- 1 .6
- 2 .3
2.0
- 0 .5
- 0 .7
0.2
- 0 .9
0.5
- 2 .5
0.6
- 1 .2
- 1 .5
-2 .1
68.5
73.7
79.0
103.2
88.6
89.0
86.2
92.7
102.5
100.0
88.8
87.7
88.2
85.6
90.5
94.0
93.0
94.6
94.9
103.2
106.3
104.4
109.2
112.6
111.5
7.6
7.2
30.6
-1 4 .1
0.5
-3 .1
7.5
10.6
- 2 .4
-1 1 .2
- 1 .2
0.6
- 2 .9
5.7
3.9
-1 .1
1.7
0.3
8.7
3.0
- 1 .8
4.6
3.1
- 1 .0
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 22. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electric switches and switchgear
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
70.4
75.0
77.3
79.5
81.1
92.1
95.0
96.6
98.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.5
105.4
106.0
106.5
109.5
110.9
111.4
115.0
117.0
116.0
115.4
116.7
117.4
Percent
change
6.5
3.1
2.8
2.0
13.6
3.1
1.7
2.2
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.5
4.9
0.6
0.5
2.8
1.3
0.5
3.2
1.7
- 0 .9
- 0 .5
1.1
0.6
Please see notes at end of tables.
19
Index
70.1
73.5
77.3
80.2
87.5
88.9
92.1
92.2
96.7
100.0
100.2
100.2
102.9
104.5
104.7
104.8
109.1
110.4
110.8
110.8
113.8
113.7
112.9
112.9
115.8
Percent
change
4.9
5.2
3.8
9.1
1.6
3.6
0.1
4.9
3.4
0.2
0.0
2.7
1.6
0.2
0.1
4.1
1.2
0.4
0.0
2.7
-0 .1
- 0 .7
0.0
2.6
Index
45.2
49.0
57.1
72.8
78.3
82.4
81.0
88.1
97.6
100.0
89.6
89.5
94.1
94.9
98.4
102.9
106.7
109.7
111.6
120.6
131.0
127.7
134.2
140.6
145.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
8.4
16.5
27.5
7.6
5.2
- 1 .7
8.8
10.8
2.5
-1 0 .4
-0 .1
5.1
0.9
3.7
4.6
3.7
2.8
1.7
8.1
8.6
- 2 .5
5.1
4.8
3.6
99.6
98.0
100.0
100.9
107.9
96.5
96.9
95.4
98.0
100.0
100.2
100.2
102.4
99.1
98.8
98.4
99.6
99.5
99.5
96.3
97.3
98.0
97.8
96.7
98.6
- 1 .6
2.0
0.9
6.9
-1 0 .6
0.4
- 1 .5
2.7
2.0
0.2
0.0
2.2
- 3 .2
- 0 .3
- 0 .4
1.2
-0 .1
0.0
- 3 .2
1.0
0.7
- 0 .2
-1 .1
2.0
64.2
65.3
73.9
91.6
96.5
89.5
85.3
91.2
98.9
100.0
89.6
89.5
93.6
90.0
92.8
96.6
97.4
98.9
100.2
104.9
112.0
110.1
116.3
120.5
124.1
1.7
13.2
24.0
5.3
- 7 .3
- 4 .7
6.9
8.4
1.1
-1 0 .4
-0 .1
4.6
- 3 .8
3.1
4.1
0.8
1.5
1.3
4.7
6.8
- 1 .7
5.6
3.6
3.0
Table 23. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electrical installation equipment and hardware
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
97.1
100.0
100.0
101.5
101.5
109.1
111.6
111.6
114.3
116.1
124.6
127.5
127.5
132.4
132.4
136.7
138.1
Percent
change
3.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
7.5
2.3
0.0
2.4
1.6
7.3
2.3
0.0
3.8
0.0
3.2
1.0
Index
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.1
100.8
101.4
103.2
104.3
103.9
105.6
106.4
106.4
109.1
110.1
110.6
110.4
110.7
Percent
change
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.7
0.6
1.8
1.1
- 0 .4
1.6
0.8
0.0
2.5
0.9
0.5
- 0 .2
0.3
Index
100.5
100.0
89.4
89.3
92.1
92.1
97.0
102.4
101.7
104.9
107.1
115.8
125.6
123.6
131.4
137.5
139.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 0 .5
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
3.1
0.0
5.3
5.6
- 0 .7
3.1
2.1
8.1
8.5
- 1 .6
6.3
4.6
1.3
102.6
100.0
100.0
98.6
99.3
92.9
92.5
93.5
90.9
91.0
85.4
83.5
85.6
83.2
83.5
80.8
80.2
- 2 .5
0.0
- 1 .4
0.7
- 6 .4
- 0 .4
1.1
- 2 .8
0.1
- 6 .2
- 2 .2
2.5
- 2 .8
0.4
- 3 .2
- 0 .7
103.5
100.0
89.4
88.0
90.7
84.4
86.9
91.8
89.0
90.4
86.0
90.8
98.5
93.4
99.2
100.6
100.9
- 3 .4
-1 0 .6
-1 .6
3.1
- 6 .9
3.0
5.6
-3 .1
1.6
- 4 .9
5.6
8.5
- 5 .2
6.2
1.4
0.3
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 24. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electromechanical hand tools
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
81.1
82.0
83.4
85.2
85.9
89.0
94.5
95.8
99.9
100.0
103.6
105.2
106.9
109.4
110.3
110.3
114.4
115.7
116.6
117.4
124.1
125.0
128.8
128.8
134.8
Percent
change
1.1
1.7
2.2
0.8
3.6
6.2
1.4
4.3
0.1
3.6
1.5
1.6
2.3
0.8
0.0
3.7
1.1
0.8
0.7
5.7
0.7
3.0
0.0
4.7
Please see notes at end of tables.
20
Index
71.6
77.7
79.6
83.8
90.4
90.4
90.7
92.8
98.9
100.0
101.0
101.0
102.1
104.2
104.9
105.8
107.5
108.2
108.8
108.8
109.6
108.6
109.3
109.3
108.8
Percent
change
8.5
2.4
5.3
7.9
0.0
0.3
2.3
6.6
1.1
1.0
0.0
1.1
2.1
0.7
0.9
1.6
0.7
0.6
0.0
0.7
- 0 .9
0.6
0.0
- 0 .5
Index
46.1
51.8
58.8
76.1
80.8
83.8
79.7
88.6
99.8
100.0
90.3
90.2
93.4
94.6
98.6
104.0
105.2
107.5
109.6
118.4
126.2
122.0
129.9
136.1
136.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
12.4
13.5
29.4
6.2
3.7
- 4 .9
11.2
12.6
0.2
- 9 .7
-0 .1
3.5
1.3
4.2
5.5
1.2
2.2
2.0
8.0
6.6
- 3 .3
6.5
4.8
0.5
88.3
94.8
95.4
98.4
105.2
101.6
96.0
96.9
99.0
100.0
97.5
96.0
95.5
95.2
95.1
95.9
94.0
93.5
93.3
92.7
88.3
86.9
84.9
84.9
80.7
7.4
0.6
3.1
6.9
- 3 .4
- 5 .5
0.9
2.2
1.0
- 2 .5
- 1 .5
- 0 .5
- 0 .3
-0 .1
0.8
- 2 .0
- 0 .5
- 0 .2
- 0 .6
- 4 .7
- 1 .6
- 2 .3
0.0
- 4 .9
56.8
63.2
70.5
89.3
94.1
94.2
84.3
92.5
99.9
100.0
87.2
85.7
87.4
86.5
89.4
94.3
92.0
92.9
94.0
100.9
101.7
97.6
100.9
105.7
101.5
11.3
11.6
26.7
5.4
0.1
-1 0 .5
9.7
8.0
0.1
-1 2 .8
- 1 .7
2.0
- 1 .0
3.4
5.5
- 2 .4
1.0
1.2
7.3
0.8
- 4 .0
3.4
4.8
- 4 .0
Table 25. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electric space heating and cooling equipment, and electrothermal appliances
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch........................................ ......................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
83.7
84.9
85.7
84.3
86.0
90.9
98.0
100.6
100.5
100.0
100.0
99.5
100.6
101.0
103.2
103.2
104.1
106.2
106.0
107.3
109.9
110.0
112.7
113.3
115.1
Percent
change
1.4
0.9
-1 .6
2.0
5.7
7.8
2.7
-0 .1
- 0 .5
0.0
- 0 .5
1.1
0.4
2.2
0.0
0.9
2.0
- 0 .2
1.2
2.4
0.1
2.5
0.5
1.6
Index
76.6
81.7
85.3
87.2
90.7
92.4
95.0
95.0
98.5
100.0
100.5
100.8
102.0
103.7
103.6
103.7
104.9
105.5
105.7
105.7
106.0
106.3
106.9
107.0
107.2
Percent
change
6.7
4.4
2.2
4.0
1.9
2.8
0.0
3.7
1.5
0.5
0.3
1.2
1.7
-0 .1
0.1
1.2
0.6
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.1
0.2
Index
49.4
54.4
63.0
79.1
81.1
85.6
83.5
90.7
99.4
100.0
89.8
90.0
93.2
94.1
97.4
101.8
102.6
104.8
106.4
115.0
122.0
119.3
127.0
133.3
134.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
10.1
15.8
25.6
2.5
5.5
- 2 .5
8.6
9.6
0.6
-1 0 .2
0.2
3.6
1.0
3.5
4.5
0.8
2.1
1.5
8.1
6.1
- 2 .2
6.5
5.0
1.1
91.5
96.2
99.5
103.4
105.5
101.7
96.9
94.4
98.0
100.0
100.5
101.3
101.4
102.7
100.4
100.5
100.8
99.3
99.7
98.5
96.5
96.6
94.9
94.4
93.1
5.1
3.4
3.9
2.0
- 3 .6
- 4 .7
- 2 .6
3.8
2.0
0.5
0.8
0.1
1.3
- 2 .2
0.1
0.3
- 1 .5
0.4
- 1 .2
- 2 .0
0.1
- 1 .8
- 0 .5
- 1 .4
59.0
64.1
73.5
93.8
94.3
94.2
85.2
90.2
98.9
100.0
89.8
90.5
92.6
93.2
94.4
98.6
98.6
98.7
100.4
107.2
111.0
108.5
112.7
117.7
117.1
8.6
14.7
27.6
0.5
-0 .1
- 9 .6
5.9
9.6
1.1
-1 0 .2
0.8
2.3
0.6
1.3
4.4
0.0
0.1
1.7
6.8
3.5
- 2 .3
3.9
4.4
- 0 .5
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 26. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electromechanical appliances, except heating appliances
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
85.6
89.3
93.9
96.9
98.8
100.0
99.8
100.4
102.3
105.6
105.9
106.0
109.2
110.6
114.4
115.2
119.3
120.6
120.9
121.9
126.1
Percent
change
4.3
5.2
3.2
2.0
1.2
- 0 .2
0.6
1.9
3.2
0.3
0.1
3.0
1.3
3.4
0.7
3.6
1.1
0.2
0.8
3.4
Please see notes at end of tables.
21
Index
92.3
92.9
95.3
97.6
99.8
100.0
100.8
101.4
103.5
103.9
103.9
103.3
105.0
105.0
105.3
104.9
105.8
105.8
105.4
105.5
107.4
Percent
change
0.7
2.6
2.4
2.3
0.2
0.8
0.6
2.1
0.4
0.0
- 0 .6
1.6
0.0
0.3
- 0 .4
0.9
0.0
- 0 .4
0.1
1.8
Index
82.5
86.1
83.8
93.2
100.8
100.0
90.1
90.5
94.6
94.4
97.7
101.5
102.7
104.3
106.1
114.2
121.8
118.8
125.3
131.4
135.1
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
4.4
- 2 .7
11.2
8.2
- 0 .8
- 9 .9
0.4
4.5
- 0 .2
3.5
3.9
1.2
1.6
1.7
7.6
6.7
- 2 .5
5.5
4.9
2.8
107.8
104.0
101.5
100.7
101.0
100.0
101.0
101.0
101.2
98.4
98.1
97.5
96.2
94.9
92.0
91.1
88.7
87.7
87.2
86.5
85.2
- 3 .5
- 2 .4
- 0 .8
0.3
- 1 .0
1.0
0.0
0.2
- 2 .8
- 0 .3
- 0 .6
- 1 .3
- 1 .4
-3 .1
- 1 .0
- 2 .6
-1 .1
- 0 .6
- 0 .8
- 1 .5
96.4
96.4
89.2
96.2
102.0
100.0
90.3
90.1
92.5
89.4
92.3
95.8
94.0
94.3
92.7
99.1
102.1
98.5
103.6
107.8
107.1
0.0
- 7 .5
7.8
6.0
- 2 .0
- 9 .7
- 0 .2
2.7
- 3 .4
3.2
3.8
- 1 .9
0.3
- 1 .7
6.9
3.0
- 3 .5
5.2
4.1
- 0 .6
Table 27. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electric household refrigerators and freezers
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
78.9
83.9
83.4
82.5
85.3
88.6
96.5
97.5
97.5
100.0
100.3
101.3
101.7
101.7
103.8
104.5
106.5
107.5
111.4
111.9
112.8
113.1
114.8
115.5
118.0
Percent
change
6.3
- 0 .6
-1 .1
3.4
3.9
8.9
1.0
0.0
2.6
0.3
1.0
0.4
0.0
2.1
0.7
1.9
0.9
3.6
0.4
0.8
0.3
1.5
0.6
2.2
Index
77.2
78.4
77.6
79.0
85.0
89.5
94.1
95.8
99.6
100.0
97.9
97.9
98.9
99.3
99.0
98.3
101.0
101.8
101.0
98.8
98.2
97.4
98.7
99.0
99.4
Percent
change
1.6
- 1 .0
1.8
7.6
5.3
5.1
1.8
4.0
0.4
-2 .1
0.0
1.0
0.4
- 0 .3
- 0 .7
2.7
0.8
- 0 .8
- 2 .2
- 0 .6
- 0 .8
1.3
0.3
0.4
Index
49.7
52.3
57.3
71.7
76.0
82.9
82.7
91.5
100.5
100.0
87.5
87.4
90.4
90.2
93.1
96.5
98.9
101.1
101.7
107.5
113.0
109.4
117.3
123.3
125.0
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
5.2
9.6
25.1
6.0
9.1
- 0 .2
10.6
9.8
- 0 .5
-1 2 .5
-0 .1
3.4
-0 .2
3.2
3.7
2.5
2.2
0.6
5.7
5.1
- 3 .2
7.2
5.1
1.4
97.8
93.4
93.0
95.8
99.6
101.0
97.5
98.3
102.2
100.0
97.6
96.6
' 97.2
97.6
95.4
94.1
94.8
94.7
90.7
88.3
87.1
86.1
86.0
85.7
84.2
- 4 .5
- 0 .4
3.0
4.0
1.4
- 3 .5
0.8
4.0
- 2 .2
- 2 .4
- 1 .0
0.6
0.4
- 2 .3
- 1 .4
0.7
-0 .1
- 4 .2
- 2 .6
- 1 .4
-1 .1
-0 .1
- 0 .3
- 1 .8
63.0
62.3
68.7
86.9
89.1
93.6
85.7
93.8
103.1
100.0
87.2
86.3
88.9
88.7
89.7
92.3
92.9
94.0
91.3
96.1
100.2
96.7
102.2
106.8
105.9
-1 .1
10.3
26.5
2.5
5.1
-8 .4
9.5
9.9
-3 .0
-1 2 .8
- 1 .0
3.0
-0 .2
1.1
2.9
0.7
1.2
- 2 .9
5.3
4.3
- 3 .5
5.7
4.5
- 0 .8
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 28. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Telecommunications equipment
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
84.4
85.6
87.6
89.9
92.4
93.5
96.4
98.5
98.7
100.0
99.8
101.4
103.2
103.3
104.9
105.6
105.8
106.2
108.3
109.8
110.6
110.9
114.5
116.1
117.8
Percent
change
1.4
2.3
2.6
2.8
1.2
3.1
2.2
0.2
1.3
- 0 .2
1.6
1.8
0.1
1.5
0.7
0.2
0.4
2.0
1.4
0.7
0.3
3.2
1.4
1.5
Please see notes at end of tables.
22
Index
83.3
87.3
89.2
88.5
94.6
95.0
93.7
96.6
96.8
100.0
101.6
103.1
103.4
103.5
104.0
104.0
102.0
102.4
102.4
102.4
105.0
105.8
105.8
105.3
106.7
Percent
change
4.8
2.2
-0 .8
6.9
0.4
- 1 .4
3.1
0.2
3.3
1.6
1.5
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.0
- 1 .9
0.4
0.0
0.0
2.5
0.8
0.0
- 0 .5
1.3
Index
53.7
58.2
65.9
80.3
84.6
88.0
82.4
92.2
97.7
100.0
90.8
92.1
94.6
94.0
97.7
102.1
99.8
101.7
103.1
111.4
120.9
118.8
125.7
131.2
134.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
8.4
13.2
21.9
5.4
4.0
- 6 .4
11.9
6.0
2.4
- 9 .2
1.4
2.7
- 0 .6
3.9
4.5
- 2 .3
1.9
1.4
8.1
8.5
- 1 .7
5.8
4.4
2.4
98.7
102.0
101.8
98.4
102.4
101.6
97.2
98.1
98.1
100.0
101.8
101.7
100.2
100.2
99.1
98.5
96.4
96.4
94.6
93.3
94.9
95.4
92.4
90.7
90.6
3.3
- 0 .2
- 3 .3
4.1
- 0 .8
- 4 .3
0.9
0.0
1.9
1.8
-0 .1
- 1 .5
0.0
-1 .1
- 0 .6
-2 .1
0.0
- 1 .9
- 1 .4
1.7
0.5
-3 .1
- 1 .8
-0 .1
63.6
68.0
75.2
89.3
91.6
94.1
85.5
93.6
99.0
100.0
91.0
90.8
91.7
91.0
93.1
96.7
94.3
95.8
95.2
101.5
109.3
107.1
109.8
113.0
114.0
6.9
10.6
18.7
2.6
2.7
-9 .1
9.5
5.8
1.0
- 9 .0
- 0 .2
1.0
- 0 .8
2.3
3.9
- 2 .5
1.6
-0 .6
6.6
7.7
- 2 .0
2.5
2.9
0.9
Table 29. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electron tubes and parts
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
96.3
100.0
100.6
100.6
106.1
106.0
110.1
110.0
114.2
116.6
120.1
119.7
122.1
124.7
125.6
129.0
138.1
Percent
change
3.8
0.6
0.0
5.5
-0 .1
3.9
-0 .1
3.8
2.1
3.0
- 0 .3
2.0
2.1
0.7
2.7
7.1
Index
98.9
100.0
100.2
96.5
97.5
96.6
97.2
96.2
94.1
95.2
93.6
92.8
90.7
90.2
90.0
90.0
88.4
Percent
change
1.1
0.2
- 3 .7
1.0
- 0 .9
0.6
- 1 .0
- 2 .2
1.2
- 1 .7
- 0 .9
- 2 .3
- 0 .6
- 0 .2
0.0
- 1 .8
Index
99.8
100.0
89.6
86.1
89.2
87.7
91.4
94.5
92.1
94.6
94.3
100.9
104.4
101.3
106.9
112.0
111.2
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.2
-1 0 .4
- 3 .9
3.6
- 1 .7
4.2
3.4
- 2 .5
2.7
- 0 .3
7.0
3.5
- 3 .0
5.5
4.8
-0 .7
102.7
100.0
99.6
95.9
91.9
91.1
88.3
87.5
82.4
81.6
77.9
77.5
74.3
72.3
71.7
69.8
64.0
- 2 .6
- 0 .4
- 3 .7
- 4 .2
- 0 .9
-3 .1
- 0 .9
- 5 .8
-1 .0
- 4 .5
- 0 .5
-4 .1
- 2 .7
- 0 .8
- 2 .6
- 8 .3
103.6
100.0
89.1
85.6
84.1
82.7
83.0
85.9
80.6
81.1
78.5
84.3
85.5
81.2
85.1
86.8
80.5
- 3 .5
-1 0 .9
- 3 .9
- 1 .8
- 1 .7
0.4
3.5
- 6 .2
0.6
-3 .2
7.4
1.4
- 5 .0
4.8
2.0
- 7 .3
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 30. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electronic components (resistors, capacitors, etc.), except electron tubes
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
85.9
84.9
80.7
85.4
92.6
94.0
96.8
98.0
98.0
100.0
98.8
98.5
99.4
98.7
98.2
97.8
99.4
99.3
99.8
99.8
99.7
100.6
98.9
100.1
103.3
Percent
change
- 1 .2
- 4 .9
5.8
8.4
1.5
3.0
1.2
0.0
2.0
- 1 .2
- 0 .3
0.9
- 0 .7
- 0 .5
- 0 .4
1.6
-0 .1
0.5
0.0
-0 .1
0.9
- 1 .7
1.2
3.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
23
Index
92.1
90.1
88.2
88.7
100.2
100.4
100.6
101.8
101.6
100.0
97.3
98.0
98.7
98.5
98.7
100.8
101.1
100.7
97.4
97.4
96.5
96.6
96.4
96.6
95.7
Percent
change
- 2 .2
-2 .1
0.6
13.0
0.2
0.2
1.2
- 0 .2
- 1 .6
- 2 .7
0.7
0.7
- 0 .2
0.2
2.1
0.3
—0.4
- 3 .3
0.0
- 0 .9
0.1
- 0 .2
0.2
- 0 .9
Index
59.4
60.1
65.2
80.5
89.6
93.0
88.5
97.3
102.5
100.0
86.9
87.5
90.3
89.5
92.8
99.0
98.9
100.1
98.1
106.0
111.1
108.5
114.6
120.3
120.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
1.2
8.5
23.5
11.3
3.8
- 4 .8
9.9
5.3
- 2 .4
-1 3 .1
0.7
3.2
- 0 .9
3.7
6.7
-0 .1
1.2
- 2 .0
8.1
4.8
- 2 .3
5.6
5.0
0.1
107.2
106.1
109.3
103.9
108.2
106.8
103.9
103.9
103.7
100.0
98.5
99.5
99.3
99.8
100.5
103.1
101.7
101.4
97.6
97.6
96.8
96.0
97.5
96.5
92.6
- 1 .0
3.0
- 4 .9
4.1
- 1 .3
- 2 .7
0.0
- 0 .2
- 3 .6
- 1 .5
1.0
- 0 .2
0.5
0.7
2.6
- 1 .4
0.3
- 3 .7
0.0
- 0 .8
- 0 .8
1.6
- 1 .0
- 4 .0
69.2
70.8
80.8
94.3
96.8
98.9
91.4
99.3
104.6
100.0
88.0
88.8
90.8
90.7
94.5
101.2
99.5
100.8
98.3
106.2
111.4
107.9
115.9
120.2
116.6
2.3
14.1
16.7
2.7
2.2
- 7 .6
8.6
5.3
- 4 .4
-1 2 .0
0.9
2.3
-0 .1
4.2
7.1
- 1 .7
1.3
- 2 .5
8.0
4.9
-3 .1
7.4
37
- 3 .0
Table 31. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electrical measuring instruments
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
80.1
82.6
84.3
86.6
88.4
91.2
94.4
95.3
99.0
100.0
100.4
101.5
102.7
105.0
105.9
106.6
108.7
109.5
111.2
112.1
115.0
116.6
118.9
121.3
125.0
Percent
change
3.1
2.1
2.7
2.1
3.2
3.5
1.0
3.9
1.0
0.4
1.1
1.2
2.2
0.9
0.7
2.0
0.7
1.6
0.8
2.6
1.4
2.0
2.0
3.1
Index
77.7
81.0
83.3
88.0
92.8
92.8
95.2
95.3
95.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
101.3
104.4
104.7
104.7
107.6
109.0
109.0
108.3
109.5
112.6
112.3
113.5
114.0
Percent
change
4.2
2.8
5.6
5.5
0.0
2.6
0.1
0.6
4.3
0.0
0.0
1.3
3.1
0.3
0.0
2.8
1.3
0.0
- 0 .6
1.1
2.8
- 0 .3
1.1
0.4
Index
50.0
54.0
61.5
79.9
83.0
86.1
83.7
91.0
96.8
100.0
89.4
89.3
92.6
94.8
98.4
102.8
105.3
108.3
109.8
117.9
126.0
126.5
133.5
141.3
143.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
8.0
13.9
29.9
3.9
3.7
- 2 .8
8.7
6.4
3.3
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
3.7
2.4
3.8
4.5
2.4
2.8
1.4
7.4
6.9
0.4
5.5
5.8
1.5
97.0
98.1
98.8
101.6
105.0
101.8
100.8
100.0
96.9
100.0
99.6
98.5
98.6
99.4
98.9
98.2
99.0
99.5
98.0
96.6
95.2
96.6
94.4
93.6
91.2
1.1
0.7
2.8
3.3
- 3 .0
- 1 .0
- 0 .8
-3 .1
3.2
- 0 .4
-1 .1
0.1
0.8
- 0 .5
- 0 .7
0.8
0.5
- 1 .5
- 1 .4
- 1 .4
1.5
- 2 .3
- 0 .8
- 2 .6
62.4
65.4
73.0
92.3
93.9
94.4
88.7
95.5
97.8
100.0
89.0
88.0
90.2
90.3
92.9
96.4
96.9
98.9
98.7
105.2
109.6
108.5
112.3
116.5
114.7
4.8
11.6
26.4
1.7
0.5
- 6 .0
7.7
2.4
2.2
-1 1 .0
-1 .1
2.5
0.1
2.9
3.8
0.5
2.1
- 0 .2
6.6
4.2
- 1 .0
3.5
3.7
- 1 .5
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 32. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electrical controlling devices
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
73.2
76.9
81.4
86.4
89.2
92.8
95.3
96.1
98.7
100.0
100.8
102.7
104.0
106.4
110.4
112.8
114.2
115.9
117.9
120.5
122.5
125.0
126.5
127.2
129.8
Percent
change
5.1
5.9
6.1
3.2
4.0
2.7
0.8
2.7
1.3
0.8
1.9
1.3
2.3
3.8
2.2
1.2
1.5
1.7
2.2
1.7
2.0
1.2
0.6
2.0
Please see notes at end of tables.
24
Index
80.3
80.4
83.1
85.2
90.2
90.2
93.9
94.1
98.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
102.2
104.1
103.5
103.5
108.7
109.4
109.4
109.4
112.0
112.8
112.8
112.9
115.8
Percent
change
0.1
3.4
2.5
5.9
0.0
4.1
0.2
4.4
1.8
0.0
0.0
2.2
1.9
- 0 .6
0.0
5.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
2.4
0.7
0.0
0.1
2.6
Index
51.7
53.6
61.4
77.3
80.7
83.6
82.6
89.9
99.1
100.0
89.4
89.3
93.5
94.5
97.3
101.6
106.4
108.7
110.2
119.1
129.0
126.7
134.1
140.6
145.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
3.7
14.6
25.9
4.4
3.6
- 1 .2
8.8
10.2
0.9
-1 0 .6
-0 .1
4.7
1.1
3.0
4.4
4.7
2.2
1.4
8.1
8.3
- 1 .8
5.8
4.8
3.6
109.7
104.6
102.1
98.6
101.1
97.2
98.5
97.9
99.5
100.0
99.2
97.4
98.3
97.8
93.8
91.8
95.2
94.4
92.8
90.8
91.4
90.2
89.2
88.8
89.2
- 4 .6
- 2 .4
- 3 .4
2.5
- 3 .9
1.3
- 0 .6
1.6
0.5
- 0 .8
- 1 .8
0.9
- 0 .5
-4 .1
-2 .1
3.7
- 0 .8
- 1 .7
- 2 .2
0.7
- 1 .3
-1 .1
- 0 .4
0.5
70.6
69.7
75.4
89.5
90.5
90.1
86.7
93.5
100.4
100.0
88.7
87.0
89.9
88.8
88.1
90.1
93.2
93.8
93.5
98.8
105.3
101.4
106.0
110.5
112.2
- 1 .3
8.2
18.7
1.1
-0 .4
- 3 .8
7.8
7.4
- 0 .4
-1 1 .3
- 1 .9
3.3
- 1 .2
- 0 .8
2.3
3.4
0.6
- 0 .3
5.7
6.6
- 3 .7
4.5
4.2
1.5
Table 33. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electromedical apparatus
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
104.6
118.1
118.1
118.1
125.5
121.7
124.0
124.0
124.9
124.6
124.5
126.1
127.3
Percent
change
0.0
0.0
4.6
12.9
0.0
0.0
6.3
- 3 .0
1.9
0.0
0.7
- 0 .2
-0 .1
1.3
1.0
Index
100.0
100.9
101.3
104.0
104.0
107.8
107.4
110.2
113.2
113.2
112.5
112.8
110.5
109.8
110.2
114.4
Percent
change
0.9
0.4
2.7
0.0
3.7
- 0 .4
2.6
2.7
0.0
- 0 .6
0.3
- 2 .0
- 0 .6
0.4
3.8
Index
100.0
90.2
90.5
95.1
94.5
101.3
105.5
107.9
112.5
114.0
122.5
129.9
124.1
130.5
137.2
144.0
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 9 .8
0.3
5.1
- 0 .6
7.2
4.1
2.3
4.3
1.3
7.5
6.0
- 4 .5
5.2
5.1
5.0
100.0
100.9
101.3
99.4
88.1
91.3
90.9
87.8
93.0
91.3
90.7
90.3
88.7
88.2
87.4
89.9
0.9
0.4
- 1 .9
-1 1 .4
3.6
- 0 .4
- 3 .4
5.9
- 1 .8
- 0 .7
- 0 .4
- 1 .8
- 0 .6
- 0 .9
2.9
100.0
90.2
90.5
90.9
80.0
85.8
89.3
86.0
92.4
91.9
98.8
104.0
99.6
104.8
108.8
113.1
- 9 .8
0.3
0.4
-1 2 .0
7.2
4.1
- 3 .7
7.4
- 0 .5
7.5
5.3
- 4 .2
5.2
3.8
4.0
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 34. U.S.-Germany comparisons: Electrical equipment and accessories for motor vehicles
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Germany export
price index in
deutsche marks
Germany export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
Septem ber.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
1977
1978
1978
1978
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
1979 M arch..............................................................................
63.4
72.1
73.6
83.6
87.1
96.7
97.6
98.3
99.9
100.0
105.2
105.1
106.1
109.9
109.5
109.3
118.0
121.8
125.6
126.5
133.8
134.4
135.6
137.7
145.4
Percent
change
13.7
2.1
13.6
4.2
11.0
0.9
0.7
1.6
0.1
5.2
-0 .1
1.0
3.6
- 0 .4
- 0 .2
8.0
3.2
3.1
0.7
5.8
0.4
0.9
1.5
5.6
Please see notes at end of tables.
25
Index
75.8
79.5
80.9
81.9
85.7
89.5
89.5
89.5
99.6
100.0
99.6
99.5
100.0
102.9
102.9
102.8
104.2
104.8
105.0
105.0
107.1
106.8
106.8
106.8
109.5
Percent
change
4.9
1.8
1.2
4.6
4.4
0.0
0.0
11.3
0.4
- 0 .4
-0 .1
0.5
2.9
0.0
-0 .1
1.4
0.6
0.2
0.0
2.0
- 0 .3
0.0
0.0
2.5
Index
48.8
53.0
59.7
74.3
76.7
83.0
78.7
85.5
100.5
100.0
89.0
88.9
91.4
93.4
96.7
101.0
101.9
104.1
105.8
114.3
123.2
120.0
127.0
133.1
137.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
8.6
12.6
24.5
3.2
8.2
- 5 .2
8.6
17.5
- 0 .5
-1 1 .0
-0 .1
2.8
2.2
3.5
4.4
0.9
2.2
1.6
8.0
7.8
-2 .6
5.8
4.8
3.5
119.6
110.3
109.9
98.0
98.4
92.6
91.7
91.0
99.7
100.0
94.7
94.7
94.3
93.6
94.0
94.1
88.3
86.0
83.6
83.0
80.0
79.5
78.8
77.6
75.3
- 7 .8
- 0 .4
-1 0 .8
0.4
- 5 .9
- 1 .0
- 0 .8
9.6
0.3
- 5 .3
0.0
- 0 .4
- 0 .7
0.4
0.1
- 6 .2
- 2 .6
- 2 .8
- 0 .7
- 3 .6
- 0 .6
- 0 .9
- 1 .5
- 3 .0
77.0
73.5
81.1
88.9
88.1
85.8
80.6
87.0
100.6
100.0
84.6
84.6
86.1
85.0
88.3
92.4
86.4
85.5
84.2
90.4
92.1
89.3
93.7
96.7
94.7
- 4 .5
10.3
9.6
- 0 .9
- 2 .6
-6 .1
7.9
15.6
- 0 .6
-1 5 .4
0.0
1.8
- 1 .3
3.9
4.6
- 6 .5
- 1 .0
- 1 .5
7.4
1.9
- 3 .0
4.9
3.2
-2 .1
Table 35. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Electric motors, not over 20 hp
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
Septem ber......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
June.................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
71.0
70.8
74.1
79.0
83.9
87.3
92.3
93.4
94.5
100.0
101.3
104.3
105.2
106.3
109.0
110.3
112.9
110.9
112.0
111.4
114.1
118.8
118.4
124.9
129.8
Percent
change
- 0 .3
4.7
6.6
6.2
4.1
5.7
1.2
1.2
5.8
1.3
3.0
0.9
1.0
2.5
1.2
2.4
- 1 .8
1.0
- 0 .5
2.4
4.1
- 0 .3
5.5
3.9
Index
71.6
70.4
67.7
72.1
107.3
107.4
111.3
111.3
106.0
100.0
99.3
101.4
103.2
102.8
102.1
102.8
98.8
93.3
91.4
86.4
85.9
80.8
69.3
75.0
75.9
Percent
change
- 1 .7
- 3 .8
6.5
48.8
0.1
3.6
0.0
- 4 .8
- 5 .7
- 0 .7
2.1
1.8
- 0 .4
- 0 .7
0.7
- 3 .9
- 5 .6
- 2 .0
- 5 .5
- 0 .6
- 5 .9
-1 4 .2
8.2
1.2
Index
58.6
57.8
65.7
79.9
111.6
111.3
109.2
108.7
108.1
100.0
97.2
97.4
100.7
100.8
104.3
102.3
103.4
100.4
100.5
105.2
108.7
110.8
107.1
112.4
108.0
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 1 .4
13.7
21.6
39.7
- 0 .3
-1 .9
- 0 .5
- 0 .6
- 7 .5
- 2 .8
0.2
3.4
0.1
3.5
- 1 .9
1.1
- 2 .9
0.1
4.7
3.3
1.9
- 3 .3
4.9
- 3 .9
100.8
99.4
91.4
91.3
127.9
123.0
120.6
119.2
112.2
100.0
98.0
97.2
98.1
96.7
93.7
93.2
87.5
84.1
81.6
77.6
75.3
68.0
58.5
60.0
58.5
- 1 .4
- 8 .0
-0 .1
40.1
- 3 .8
- 2 .0
- 1 .2
- 5 .9
-1 0 .9
- 2 .0
- 0 .8
0.9
- 1 .4
-3 .1
- 0 .5
-6 .1
- 3 .9
- 3 .0
- 4 .9
- 3 .0
- 9 .7
-1 4 .0
2.6
- 2 .5
82.5
81.6
88.7
101.1
133.0
127.5
118.3
116.4
114.4
100.0
96.0
93.4
95.7
94.8
95.7
92.7
91.6
90.5
89.7
94.4
95.3
93.3
90.5
90.0
83.2
-1 .1
8.7
14.0
31.6
-4 .1
-7 .2
-1 .6
-1 .7
- 1 2 .6
- 4 .0
- 2 .7
2.5
- 0 .9
0.9
-3 .1
-1 .2
- 1 .2
- 0 .9
5.2
1.0
-2 .1
- 3 .0
- 0 .6
- 7 .6
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 36. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Electric switches
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
93.9
100.0
102.8
105.2
108.1
109.9
112.9
115.0
115.0
118.9
118.9
118.5
120.0
Percent
change
6.5
2.8
2.3
2.8
1.7
2.7
1.9
0.0
3.4
0.0
- 0 .3
1.3
Please see notes at end of tables.
26
Index
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.5
97.5
Percent
change
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
- 2 .5
0.0
Index
99.6
100.0
104.1
101.5
106.8
109.7
112.2
124.1
129.1
139.9
157.5
148.9
141.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
0.4
4.1
- 2 .5
5.2
2.7
2.3
10.6
4.0
8.4
12.6
- 5 .5
- 5 .0
106.5
100.0
97.3
95.1
92.5
91.0
88.6
87.0
87.0
84.1
84.1
82.3
81.3
Percent
change
-6 .1
- 2 .7
- 2 .3
- 2 .7
- 1 .6
- 2 .6
- 1 .8
0.0
- 3 .3
0.0
-2 .1
- 1 .2
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
106.1
100.0
101.3
96.5
98.8
99.8
99.4
107.9
112.3
117.7
132.5
125.7
117.8
- 5 .7
1.3
- 4 .7
2.4
1.0
- 0 .4
8.6
4.1
4.8
12.6
-5 .1
- 6 .3
(
Table 37. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Rectifiers and rectifying apparatus
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
Percent
change
91.9
89.1
91.6
86.3
91.2
94.4
94.6
95.1
96.8
100.0
101.0
100.7
99.8
104.0
102.5
102.5
108.7
109.9
111.5
110.4
112.6
115.3
115.7
118.0
119.2
- 3 .0
2.8
- 5 .8
5.7
3.5
0.2
0.5
1.8
3.3
1.0
- 0 .3
- 0 .9
4.2
- 1 .4
0.0
6.0
1.1
1.5
- 1 .0
2.0
2.4
0.3
2.0
1.0
Index
125.1
119.8
100.8
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
99.9
100.0
100.0
92.7
92.7
92.7
94.1
94.1
93.6
90.2
90.2
90.2
87.4
87.4
87.4
75.2
75.8
75.2
Percent
change
- 4 .2
-1 5 .9
-0 .9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
- 7 .3
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.0
- 0 .5
- 3 .6
0.0
0.0
-3 .1
0.0
0.0
-1 4 .0
0.8
- 0 .8
Index
102.3
98.4
97.8
110.8
103.9
103.6
98.0
97.6
101.9
100.0
90.7
89.0
90.5
92.3
96.1
93.2
94.5
97.1
99.3
106.4
110.7
119.9
116.2
113.5
107.0
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 3 .8
- 0 .6
13.3
- 6 .2
- 0 .3
- 5 .4
- 0 .4
4.4
-1 .9
- 9 .3
- 1 .9
1.7
2.0
4.1
- 3 .0
1.4
2.8
2.3
7.2
4.0
8.3
-3 .1
- 2 .3
- 5 .7
136.1
134.5
110.0
115.8
109.5
105.8
105.6
105.0
103.3
100.0
91.8
92.1
92.9
90.5
91.8
91.3
83.0
82.1
80.9
79.2
77.6
75.8
65.0
64.2
63.1
- 1 .2
-1 8 .2
5.3
- 5 .4
- 3 .4
- 0 .2
- 0 .6
- 1 .6
- 3 .2
- 8 .2
0.3
0.9
- 2 .6
1.4
- 0 .5
-9 .1
-1 .1
- 1 .5
-2 .1
- 2 .0
- 2 .3
-1 4 .2
- 1 .2
- 1 .7
111.3
110.4
106.8
128.4
113.9
109.7
103.6
102.6
105.3
100.0
89.8
88.4
90.7
88.8
93.8
90.9
86.9
88.4
89.1
96.4
98.3
104.0
100.4
96.2
89.8
- 0 .8
- 3 .3
20.2
-1 1 .3
- 3 .7
- 5 .6
- 1 .0
2.6
-5 .0
-1 0 .2
- 1 .6
2.6
-2 .1
5.6
-3 .1
- 4 .4
1.7
0.8
8.2
2.0
5.8
- 3 .5
- 4 .2
- 6 .7
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 38. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Room air-conditioners, window and wall types
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
Percent
change
100.0
99.2
98.6
98.6
99.1
103.9
103.9
104.5
108.1
108.1
111.4
111.8
111.8
116.5
116.8
120.5
- 0 .8
- 0 .6
0.0
0.5
4.8
0.0
0.6
3.4
0.0
3.1
0.4
0.0
4.2
0.3
3.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
27
Index
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
93.4
93.1
93.1
93.1
94.1
95.8
101.3
94.6
96.8
87.7
88.4
Percent
change
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
- 6 .6
- 0 .3
0.0
0.0
1.1
1.8
5.7
-6 .6
2.3
- 9 .4
0.8
Index
100.0
97.9
96.0
97.7
98.1
95.4
92.7
97.5
100.1
103.5
116.6
128.3
129.8
149.6
131.4
125.7
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
-2 .1
- 1 .9
1.8
0.4
- 2 .8
- 2 .8
5.2
2.7
3.4
12.7
10.0
1.2
15.3
-1 2 .2
- 4 .3
100.0
100.8
101.4
101.4
100.9
89.9
89.6
89.1
86.1
87.0
86.0
90.6
84.6
83.1
75.1
73.4
0.8
0.6
0.0
- 0 .5
-1 0 .9
- 0 .3
- 0 .6
- 3 .4
1.0
-1 .1
5.3
- 6 .6
- 1 .8
- 9 .6
- 2 .3
100.0
98.7
97.4
99.1
99.0
91.8
89.2
93.3
92.6
95.7
104.7
114.8
116.1
128.4
112.5
104.3
- 1 .3
- 1 .3
1.7
-0 .1
- 7 .3
- 2 .8
4.6
- 0 .8
3.3
9.4
9.6
1.1
10.6
-1 2 .4
- 7 .3
Table 39. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Transistors
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
165.7
140.0
133.7
141.3
121.0
119.2
121.9
119.0
105.9
100.0
100.0
101.4
101.1
91.1
86.7
84.7
88.4
87.8
90.9
87.2
87.2
87.2
89.3
92.6
92.6
Percent
change
-1 5 .5
- 4 .5
5.7
-1 4 .4
- 1 .5
2.3
- 2 .4
-1 1 .0
- 5 .6
0.0
1.4
- 0 .3
- 9 .9
- 4 .8
- 2 .3
4.4
- 0 .7
3.5
-4 .1
0.0
0.0
2.4
3.7
0.0
Index
92.8
92.8
91.6
90.6
96.7
96.9
102.6
102.8
98.7
100.0
112.3
113.7
111.1
110.9
108.6
108.6
103.9
99.1
86.4
78.3
74.7
76.2
73.8
72.5
75.5
Percent
change
0.0
- 1 .3
-1 .1
6.7
0.2
5.9
0.2
-4 .0
1.3
12.3
1.2
- 2 .3
- 0 .2
-2 .1
0.0
- 4 .3
- 4 .6
-1 2 .8
- 9 .4
- 4 .6
2.0
-3 .1
-1 .8
4.1
Index
75.9
76.2
88.9
100.5
100.6
100.5
100.7
100.5
100.6
100.0
109.9
109.2
108.5
108.7
111.0
108.2
108.8
106.5
95.0
95.3
94.6
104.5
114.1
108.5
107.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.4
16.7
13.0
0.1
-0 .1
0.2
- 0 .2
0.1
- 0 .6
9.9
- 0 .6
- 0 .6
0.2
2.1
- 2 .5
0.6
-2 .1
-1 0 .8
0.3
- 0 .7
10.5
9.2
- 4 .9
- 1 .0
56.0
66.3
68.5
64.1
79.9
81.3
84.2
86.4
93.2
100.0
112.3
112.1
109.9
121.7
125.3
128.2
117.5
112.9
95.0
89.8
85.7
87.4
82.6
78.3
81.5
18.4
3.3
- 6 .4
24.6
1.8
3.6
2.6
7.9
7.3
12.3
- 0 .2
- 2 .0
10.7
3.0
2.3
- 8 .3
- 3 .9
-1 5 .9
- 5 .5
- 4 .6
2.0
- 5 .5
- 5 .2
4.1
45.8
54.4
66.5
71.1
83.1
84.3
82.6
84.5
95.0
100.0
109.9
107.7
107.3
119.3
128.0
127.7
123.1
121.3
104.5
109.3
108.5
119.8
127.8
117.2
116.0
18.8
22.2
6.9
16.9
1.4
-2 .0
2.3
12.4
5.3
9.9
- 2 .0
- 0 .4
11.2
7.3
- 0 .2
- 3 .6
- 1 .5
-1 3 .8
4.6
- 0 .7
10.4
6.7
- 8 .3
-1 .0
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 40. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Integrated circuits
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
Percent
change
95.6
100.0
95.3
92.4
95.9
101.1
98.6
92.4
92.0
89.6
87.2
84.7
83.6
84.9
82.8
82.5
85.8
4.6
- 4 .7
- 3 .0
3.8
5.4
- 2 .5
- 6 .3
- 0 .4
- 2 .6
- 2 .7
- 2 .9
- 1 .3
1.6
- 2 .5
- 0 .4
4.0
Please see notes at end of tables.
28
Index
101.2
100.0
100.0
101.8
98.3
87.2
83.3
71.7
71.4
66.5
61.0
61.5
58.3
45.4
35.9
33.1
37.0
Percent
change
- 1 .2
0.0
1.8
- 3 .4
-1 1 .3
- 4 .5
-1 3 .9
- 0 .4
-6 .9
- 8 .3
0.8
-5 .2
-2 2 .1
-2 0 .9
- 7 .8
11.8
Index
103.2
100.0
97.9
97.7
96.0
85.5
85.0
71.4
74.8
71.5
67.1
74.9
73.8
62.3
55.4
49.6
52.6
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
-3 .1
-2 .1
- 0 .2
- 1 .7
-1 0 .9
-0 .6
-1 6 .0
4.8
- 4 .4
- 6 .2
11.6
- 1 .5
-1 5 .6
-1 1 .1
-1 0 .5
6.0
105.9
100.0
104.9
110.2
102.5
86.3
84.5
77.6
77.6
74.2
70.0
72.6
69.7
53.5
43.4
40.1
43.1
- 5 .6
4.9
5.1
- 7 .0
-1 5 .8
-2 .1
- 8 .2
0.0
- 4 .4
- 5 .7
3.7
- 4 .0
-2 3 .2
-1 8 .9
- 7 .6
7.5
107.9
100.0
102.7
105.7
100.1
84.6
86.2
77.3
81.3
79.8
76.9
88.4
88.3
73.4
66.9
60.1
61.3
- 7 .3
2.7
2.9
- 5 .3
-1 5 .5
1.9
-1 0 .3
5.2
- 1 .8
- 3 .6
15.0
-0 .1
-1 6 .9
-8 .9
-1 0 .2
2.0
Table 41. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Resistors, as electronic components
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
90.9
85.4
83.7
87.6
88.5
96.6
98.5
98.5
100.0
96.7
94.2
93.4
93.7
93.3
93.4
95.8
96.3
100.2
99.0
99.0
99.8
91.2
90.5
89.7
Percent
change
-6 .1
-2 .0
4.7
1.0
9.2
2.0
0.0
1.5
- 3 .3
- 2 .6
- 0 .8
0.3
- 0 .4
0.1
2.6
0.5
4.0
- 1 .2
0.0
0.8
- 8 .6
- 0 .8
- 0 .9
Index
106.1
106.1
104.8
114.7
114.7
114.7
106.7
108.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
101.6
101.6
101.6
104.9
104.9
101.6
93.6
92.9
88.2
85.0
80.4
80.7
92.0
Percent
change
0.0
- 1 .2
9.4
0.0
0.0
- 7 .0
1.7
- 7 .8
0.0
0.0
1.6
0.0
0.0
3.2
0.0
-3 .1
- 7 .9
- 0 .7
-5 .1
- 3 .6
- 5 .4
0.4
14.0
Index
87.1
102.9
116.3
119.3
118.9
112.5
104.2
110.6
100.0
97.9
96.0
99.3
99.7
103.8
104.5
109.9
109.3
103.0
113.1
111.7
116.6
124.2
120.8
130.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
18.1
13.0
2.6
- 0 .3
- 5 .4
- 7 .4
6.1
- 9 .6
-2 .1
- 1 .9
3.4
0.4
4.1
0.7
5.2
- 0 .5
- 5 .8
9.8
- 1 .2
4.4
6.5
- 2 .7
8.3
116.7
124.2
125.2
130.9
129.6
118.7
108.3
110.2
100.0
103.4
106.2
108.8
108.4
108.9
112.3
109.5
105.5
93.4
93.8
89.1
85.2
88.2
89.2
102.6
6.4
0.8
4.6
- 1 .0
- 8 .4
- 8 .8
1.8
- 9 .3
3.4
2.7
2.4
- 0 .4
0.5
3.1
- 2 .5
- 3 .7
-1 1 .5
0.4
- 5 .0
- 4 .4
3.5
1.1
15.0
95.8
120.5
138.9
136.2
134.4
116.5
105.8
112.3
100.0
101.2
101.9
106.3
106.4
111.3
111.9
114.7
113.5
102.8
114.2
112.8
116.8
136.2
133.5
145.8
25.8
15.3
- 1 .9
- 1 .3
-1 3 .3
- 9 .2
6.1
-1 1 .0
1.2
0.7
4.3
0.1
4.6
0.5
2.5
- 1 .0
- 9 .4
11.1
- 1 .2
3.5
16.6
- 2 .0
9.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 42. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Capacitors, as electronic components
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
1977 M arch...............................................................................
1977 September.......................................................................
1977 Decem ber........................................................................
1978 June..................................................................................
1979 M arch...............................................................................
93.1
97.0
99.4
99.4
97.2
100.0
99.1
101.2
101.2
102.0
103.9
107.9
112.6
113.1
113.1
114.2
114.7
110.7
111.1
111.2
122.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
29
Percent
change
4.2
2.5
0.0
- 2 .2
2.9
- 0 .9
2.1
0.0
0.8
1.9
3.8
4.4
0.4
0.0
1.0
0.4
- 3 .5
0.4
0.1
9.9
Index
93.3
93.5
106.2
106.4
99.6
100.0
102.0
100.6
98.9
98.6
94.6
98.6
93.7
91.2
91.0
82.2
78.9
73.2
64.7
66.9
70.2
Percent
change
0.2
13.6
0.2
- 6 .4
0.4
2.0
- 1 .4
- 1 .7 *
- 0 .3
-4 .1
4.2
- 5 .0
- 2 .7
- 0 .2
- 9 .7
- 4 .0
- 7 .2
-1 1 .6
3.4
4.9
Index
97.1
97.0
104.2
103.9
101.5
100.0
99.8
96.6
96.6
96.7
96.6
98.2
98.1
98.1
100.1
100.0
99.9
100.3
100.0
100.2
99.9
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
-0 .1
7.4
- 0 .3
- 2 .3
- 1 .5
- 0 .2
- 3 .2
0.0
0.1
-0 .1
1.7
-0 .1
0.0
2.0
-0 .1
-0 .1
0.4
- 0 .3
0.2
- 0 .3
100.2
96.4
106.8
107.0
102.5
100.0
102.9
99.4
97.7
96.7
91.0
91.4
83.2
80.6
80.5
72.0
68.8
66.1
58.2
60.2
57.4
- 3 .8
10.8
0.2
- 4 .2
- 2 .4
2.9
- 3 .4
- 1 .7
- 1 .0
- 5 .9
0.4
- 9 .0
-3 .1
-0 .1
-1 0 .6
- 4 .4
- 3 .9
-1 2 .0
3.4
- 4 .7
104.3
100.0
104.8
104.5
104.4
100.0
100.7
95.5
95.5
94.8
93.0
91.0
87.1
86.7
88.5
87.6
87.1
90.6
90.0
90.1
81.8
-4 .1
4.8
- 0 .3
-0 .1
- 4 .2
0.7
- 5 .2
0.0
- 0 .7
- 1 .9
- 2 .2
- 4 .3
- 0 .5
2.1
- 1 .0
- 0 .6
4.0
- 0 .7
0.1
- 9 .2
Table 43. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Loudspeakers
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
99.0
100.0
100.3
100.7
100.7
102.9
102.9
104.7
104.6
104.6
106.3
108.4
108.4
108.6
109.4
113.8
113.9
Percent
change
1.0
0.3
0.4
0.0
2.2
0.0
1.7
-0 .1
0.0
1.6
2.0
0.0
0.2
0.7
4.0
0.1
Index
99.3
100.0
101.2
102.7
103.5
103.1
102.7
104.4
98.2
96.1
97.9
92.7
91.7
87.2
84.5
88.4
92.5
Percent
change
0.7
1.2
1.5
0.8
- 0 .4
- 0 .4
1.7
-5 .9
-2 .1
1.9
- 5 .3
-1 .1
- 4 .9
-3 .1
4.6
4.6
Index
101.2
100.0
99.0
98.6
101.1
101.2
104.9
104.0
102.8
103.3
107.7
112.9
116.1
119.6
130.5
132.4
131.6
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 1 .2
- 1 .0
- 0 .4
2.5
0.1
3.7
-0 .9
- 1 .2
0.5
4.3
4.8
2.8
3.0
9.1
1.5
- 0 .6
100.3
100.0
100.9
102.0
102.8
100.2
99.8
99.7
93.9
91.9
92.1
85.5
84.6
80.3
77.2
77.7
81.2
- 0 .3
0.9
1.1
0.8
- 2 .5
- 0 .4
-0 .1
- 5 .8
-2 .1
0.2
- 7 .2
-1 .1
-5 .1
- 3 .9
0.6
4.5
102.2
100.0
98.7
97.9
100.4
98.3
101.9
99.3
98.3
98.8
101.3
104.2
107.1
110.1
119.3
116.3
115.5
-2 .2
- 1 .3
-0 .8
2.6
-2 .1
3.7
-2 .6
-1 .0
0.5
2.5
2.9
2.8
2.8
8.4
- 2 .5
- 0 .7
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 44. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Transceivers
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch..............................................................................
96.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
102.3
102.3
104.0
104.0
106.6
106.3
109.9
109.9
113.9
113.1
117.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
30
Percent
change
3.5
0.0
0.0
2.3
0.0
1.7
0.0
2.5
- 0 .3
3.4
0.0
3.6
- 0 .7
3.6
Index
100.1
101.1
100.2
100.0
98.3
99.6
95.0
95.0
91.3
91.3
91.3
79.2
69.5
71.4
72.6
Percent
change
1.0
- 0 .9
- 0 .2
- 1 .7
1.3
- 4 .6
0.0
-3 .9
0.0
0.0
-1 3 .3
-1 2 .2
2.7
1.7
Index
99.9
99.0
99.8
100.0
102.3
101.1
101.4
104.2
102.4
113.3
117.8
110.7
109.6
109.1
105.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 0 .9
0.8
0.2
2.3
- 1 .2
0.3
2.8
- 1 .7
10.6
4.0
- 6 .0
- 1 .0
-0 .5
- 3 .5
103.6
101.1
100.2
100.0
96.1
97.4
91.3
91.3
85.6
85.9
83.1
72.1
61.0
63.1
61.9
- 2 .4
- 0 .9
- 0 .2
- 3 .9
1.4
- 6 .3
0.0
- 6 .2
0.4
- 3 .3
-1 3 .2
-1 5 .4
3.4
- 1 .9
103.4
99.0
99.8
100.0
100.0
98.8
97.5
100.2
96.1
106.6
107.2
100.7
96.2
96.5
89.8
- 4 .3
0.8
0.2
0.0
- 1 .2
- 1 .3
2.8
-4 .1
10.9
0.6
-6 .1
- 4 .5
0.3
- 6 .9
Table 45. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Instruments for measuring electrical quantities or characteristics
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
78.0
83.1
84.9
85.9
88.4
91.7
94.6
96.7
100.3
100.0
99.6
100.0
100.5
103.0
103.5
102.9
104.7
106.1
108.8
109.0
112.4
112.9
114.7
115.5
120.4
Percent
change
6.5
2.2
1.2
2.9
3.7
3.2
2.2
3.7
- 0 .3
- 0 .4
0.4
0.5
2.5
0.5
- 0 .6
1.7
1.3
2.5
0.2
3.1
0.4
1.6
0.7
4.2
Index
70.2
80.7
80.7
76.9
78.4
78.4
78.4
102.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
105.1
100.2
95.2
97.2
98.5
101.1
Percent
change
15.0
0.0
- 4 .7
2.0
0.0
0.0
30.9
- 2 .5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.4
- 4 .7
- 5 .0
2.1
1.3
2.6
Index
57.4
66.3
78.4
85.4
81.6
81.3
77.0
100.2
101.9
100.0
97.9
96.0
97.7
98.1
102.1
102.2
107.5
110.4
112.9
128.0
126.9
130.6
150.2
147.5
143.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
15.5
18.3
8.9
- 4 .4
- 0 .4
- 5 .3
30.1
1.7
- 1 .9
-2 .1
- 1 .9
1.8
0.4
4.1
0.1
5.2
2.7
2.3
13.4
- 0 .9
2.9
15.0
- 1 .8
- 2 .5
90.0
97.1
95.1
89.5
88.7
85.5
82.9
106.1
99.7
100.0
100.4
100.0
99.5
97.1
96.6
99.7
98.0
96.7
94.3
96.4
89.1
84.3
84.7
85.3
84.0
7.9
-2 .1
- 5 .9
- 0 .9
- 3 .6
- 3 .0
28.0
- 6 .0
0.3
0.4
- 0 .4
- 0 .5
- 2 .4
- 0 .5
3.2
- 1 .7
- 1 .3
- 2 .5
2.2
- 7 .6
- 5 .4
0.5
0.7
- 1 .5
73.6
79.8
92.3
99.4
92.3
88.7
81.4
103.6
101.6
100.0
98.3
96.0
97.2
95.2
98.6
99.3
102.7
104.1
103.8
117.4
112.9
115.7
131.0
127.7
119.4
8.4
15.7
7.7
-7 .1
- 3 .9
- 8 .2
27.3
- 1 .9
- 1 .6
- 1 .7
- 2 .3
1.2
-2 .1
3.6
0.7
3.4
1.4
- 0 .3
13.1
- 3 .8
2.5
13.2
- 2 .5
- 6 .5
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 46. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Trucks, assembled, piston displacement over 2000cc
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
68.5
72.9
73.9
76.5
81.5
86.3
91.7
93.1
100.1
100.0
103.4
104.3
109.2
113.3
117.3
118.3
119.7
120.3
126.0
128.7
131.9
138.6
140.1
144.4
149.5
Please see notes at end of tables.
31
Percent
change
6.4
1.4
3.5
6.5
5.9
6.3
1.5
7.5
-0 .1
3.4
0.9
4.7
3.8
3.5
0.9
1.2
0.5
4.7
2.1
2.5
5.1
1.1
3.1
3.5
Index
66.2
66.2
67.5
70.1
84.2
90.0
93.2
93.0
95.7
100.0
104.0
105.7
106.3
106.0
103.9
104.7
104.0
103.6
105.0
102.7
102.4
102.9
103.9
105.2
107.7
Percent
change
0.0
2.0
3.9
20.1
6.9
3.6
- 0 .2
2.9
4.5
4.0
1.6
0.6
- 0 .3
-2 .0
0.8
- 0 .7
- 0 .4
1.4
- 2 .2
- 0 .3
0.5
1.0
1.3
2.4
Index
54.2
54.4
65.5
77.7
87.6
93.4
91.5
90.9
97.5
100.0
101.8
101.5
103.8
104.0
106.1
104.3
108.9
111.5
115.5
125.1
129.7
141.2
160.6
157.6
153.1
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.4
20.4
18.6
12.7
6.6
- 2 .0
- 0 .7
7.3
2.6
1.8
- 0 .3
2.3
0.2
2.0
- 1 .7
4.4
2.4
3.6
8.3
3.7
8.9
13.7
- 1 .9
- 2 .9
96.6
90.8
91.3
91.6
103.3
104.3
101.6
99.9
95.6
100.0
100.6
101.3
97.3
93.6
88.6
88.5
86.9
86.1
83.3
79.8
77.6
74.2
74.2
72.9
72.0
- 6 .0
0.6
0.3
12.8
1.0
- 2 .6
- 1 .7
- 4 .3
4.6
0.6
0.7
- 3 .9
- 3 .8
- 5 .3
-0 .1
- 1 .8
- 0 .9
- 3 .3
- 4 .2
- 2 .8
- 4 .4
0.0
- 1 .8
- 1 .2
79.1
74.6
88.6
101.6
107.5
108.2
99.8
97.6
97.4
100.0
98.5
97.3
95.1
91.8
90.5
88.2
91.0
92.7
91.7
97.2
98.3
101.9
114.6
109.1
102.4
- 5 .7
18.8
14.7
5.8
0.7
- 7 .8
- 2 .2
- 0 .2
2.7
- 1 .5
- 1 .2
- 2 .3
- 3 .5
- 1 .4
- 2 .5
3.2
1.9
-1 .1
6.0
1.1
3.7
12.5
- 4 .8
-6 .1
Table 47. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Agricultural tractors, except garden tractors
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
100.6
100.0
101.2
106.0
108.0
110.5
111.3
114.5
119.3
119.6
122.7
128.9
130.4
131.3
136.4
136.3
137.2
Percent
change
- 0 .6
1.2
4.7
1.9
2.3
0.7
2.9
4.2
0.3
2.6
5.1
1.2
0.7
3.9
-0 .1
0.7
Index
99.7
100.0
100.0
100.2
100.2
103.1
103.1
103.7
103.7
107.5
108.0
107.7
107.6
98.4
99.5
106.3
107.3
Percent
change
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
2.9
0.0
0.6
0.0
3.7
0.5
- 0 .3
-0 .1
- 8 .6
1.1
6.8
0.9
Index
101.6
100.0
97.9
96.2
97.8
101.1
105.3
103.3
108.6
115.6
118.8
131.1
136.2
135.0
153.8
159.2
152.6
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 1 .6
-2 .1
- 1 .7
1.7
3.4
4.2
- 1 .9
5.1
6.4
2.8
10.4
3.9
- 0 .9
13.9
3.5
-4 .1
99.1
100.0
98.8
94.5
92.8
93.3
92.6
90.6
86.9
89.9
88.0
83.6
82.5
74.9
72.9
78.0
78.2
0.9
- 1 .2
- 4 .4
- 1 .8
0.5
- 0 .8
- 2 .2
-4 .1
3.5
-2 .1
- 5 .0
- 1 .3
- 9 .2
- 2 .7
7.0
0.3
101.0
100.0
96.7
90.8
90.6
91.5
94.6
90.2
91.0
96.7
96.8
101.7
104.4
102.8
112.8
116.8
111.2
-1 .0
- 3 .3
-6 .1
-0 .2
1.0
3.4
- 4 .7
0.9
6.3
0.1
5.1
2.7
- 1 .5
9.7
3.5
- 4 .8
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 48. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Excavators (backhoes, shovels, etc.)
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
December........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
62.6
65.7
69.1
71.0
76.0
84.3
87.4
92.1
97.3
100.0
101.5
105.0
110.8
111.9
112.8
119.3
121.4
122.3
121.3
127.4
128.5
133.5
135.8
139.2
143.6
Please see notes at end of tables.
32
Percent
change
5.0
5.2
2.7
7.0
10.9
3.7
5.4
5.6
2.8
1.5
3.4
5.5
1.0
0.8
5.8
1.8
0.7
- 0 .8
5.0
0.9
3.9
1.7
2.5
3.2
Index
74.3
74.3
76.6
86.8
93.5
93.7
99.1
99.4
97.0
100.0
102.2
103.2
102.9
101.7
99.7
98.9
96.4
96.9
95.5
95.4
91.3
93.0
92.9
90.6
91.0
Percent
change
0.0
3.1
13.3
7.7
0.2
5.8
0.3
- 2 .4
3.1
2.2
1.0
- 0 .3
- 1 .2
- 2 .0
- 0 .8
- 2 .5
0.5
- 1 .4
-0 .1
- 4 .3
1.9
-0 .1
- 2 .5
0.4
Index
60.7
61.0
74.3
96.3
97.3
97.2
97.2
97.1
98.9
100.0
100.0
99.1
100.5
99.7
101.8
98.5
101.0
104.2
105.1
116.2
115.6
127.6
143.6
135.7
129.5
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.5
21.8
29.6
1.0
-0 .1
0.0
-0 .1
1.9
1.1
0.0
- 0 .9
1.4
- 0 .8
2.1
- 3 .2
2.5
3.2
0.9
10.6
- 0 .5
10.4
12.5
- 5 .5
- 4 .6
118.7
113.1
110.9
122.3
123.0
111.2
113.4
107.9
99.7
100.0
100.7
98.3
92.9
90.9
88.4
82.9
79.4
79.2
78.7
74.9
71.1
69.7
68.4
65.1
63.4
- 4 .7
- 1 .9
10.3
0.6
- 9 .6
2.0
- 4 .9
- 7 .6
0.3
0.7
- 2 .4
- 5 .5
- 2 .2
- 2 .8
- 6 .2
- 4 .2
- 0 .3
- 0 .6
- 4 .8
-5 .1
- 2 .0
- 1 .9
- 4 .8
- 2 .6
97.0
92.8
107.5
135.6
128.0
115.3
111.2
105.4
101.6
100.0
98.5
94.4
90.7
89.1
90.2
82.6
83.2
85.2
86.6
91.2
90.0
95.6
105.7
97.5
90.2
- 4 .3
15.8
26.1
- 5 .6
- 9 .9
- 3 .6
- 5 .2
-3 .6
-1 .6
- 1 .5
- 4 .2
-3 .9
- 1 .8
1.2
- 8 .4
0.7
2.4
1.6
5.3
- 1 .3
6.2
10.6
- 7 .8
- 7 .5
Table 49. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Truck-mounted cranes
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
100.0
101.4
104.9
107.0
107.3
109.4
111.0
112.8
116.0
116.9
118.4
121.9
123.0
125.3
130.0
131.2
Percent
change
1.4
3.5
2.0
0.3
2.0
1.5
1.6
2.8
0.8
1.3
3.0
0.9
1.9
3.8
0.9
Index
100.0
103.5
103.5
103.5
103.5
106.9
106.9
106.9
106.7
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
Percent
change
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.3
0.0
0.0
- 0 .2
- 1 .6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Index
100.0
101.3
99.4
101.1
101.5
109.1
106.4
111.9
114.7
115.6
127.9
133.0
144.1
162.3
157.3
149.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
1.3
- 1 .9
1.7
0.4
7.5
- 2 .5
5.2
2.5
0.8
10.6
4.0
8.3
12.6
-3 .1
- 5 .0
100.0
102.1
98.7
96.7
96.5
97.7
96.3
94.8
92.0
89.8
88.7
86.1
85.4
83.8
80.8
80.0
2.1
- 3 .3
- 2 .0
- 0 .2
1.2
- 1 .4
- 1 .6
- 3 .0
- 2 .4
- 1 .2
- 2 .9
- 0 .8
- 1 .9
- 3 .6
- 1 .0
100.0
99.9
94.8
94.5
94.6
99.7
95.9
99.2
98.9
98.9
108.0
109.1
117.2
129.5
121.0
113.9
-0 .1
-5 .1
- 0 .3
0.1
5.4
- 3 .8
3.4
- 0 .3
0.0
9.2
1.0
7.4
10.5
- 6 .6
- 5 .9
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 50. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Tractors and loaders, except agricultural tractors
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
68.0
72.1
73.5
75.2
79.0
84.5
90.5
94.9
98.3
100.0
102.4
105.1
107.2
107.2
108.2
112.4
115.2
117.2
118.3
122.2
124.0
129.7
131.1
137.3
138.4
Please see notes at end of tables.
33
Percent
change
6.0
1.9
2.3
5.1
7.0
7.1
4.9
3.6
1.7
2.4
2.6
2.0
0.0
0.9
3.9
2.5
1.7
0.9
3.3
1.5
4.6
1.1
4.7
0.8
Index
62.0
64.9
60.1
60.3
69.7
72.8
88.6
88.5
99.3
100.0
101.8
102.5
101.9
105.1
104.7
107.2
107.3
110.6
110.6
103.8
104.8
101.1
96.8
100.1
107.4
Percent
change
4.7
- 7 .4
0.3
15.6
4.4
21.7
-0 .1
12.2
0.7
1.8
0.7
- 0 .6
3.1
- 0 .4
2.4
0.1
3.1
0.0
-6 .1
1.0
- 3 .5
- 4 .3
3.4
7.3
Index
50.7
53.3
58.4
66.9
72.5
75.5
86.9
86.4
101.2
100.0
99.6
98.4
99.5
103.1
106.9
106.8
112.4
119.0
121.7
126.4
132.7
138.7
149.6
149.9
152.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
5.1
9.6
14.6
8.4
4.1
15.1
- 0 .6
17.1
- 1 .2
- 0 .4
- 1 .2
1.1
3.6
3.7
-0 .1
5.2
5.9
2.3
3.9
5.0
4.5
7.9
0.2
1.9
91.2
90.0
81.8
80.2
88.2
86.2
97.9
93.3
101.0
100.0
99.4
97.5
95.1
98.0
96.8
95.4
93.1
94.4
93.5
84.9
84.5
77.9
73.8
72.9
77.6
- 1 .3
-9 .1
- 2 .0
10.0
- 2 .3
13.6
- 4 .7
8.3
- 1 .0
- 0 .6
- 1 .9
- 2 .5
3.0
- 1 .2
- 1 .4
- 2 .4
1.4
- 1 .0
- 9 .2
- 0 .5
- 7 .8
- 5 .3
- 1 .2
6.4
74.6
73.9
79.5
89.0
91.8
89.3
96.0
91.0
103.0
100.0
97.3
93.6
92.8
96.2
98.8
95.0
97.6
101.5
102.9
103.4
107.0
106.9
114.1
109.2
110.4
- 0 .9
7.6
11.9
3.1
- 2 .7
7.5
- 5 .2
13.2
- 2 .9
- 2 .7
- 3 .8
- 0 .9
3.7
2.7
- 3 .8
2.7
4.0
1.4
0.5
3.5
-0 .1
6.7
- 4 .3
1.1
Table 51. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Lathes, metalcutting, except numerically controlled
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
62.1
66.1
67.2
71.8
76.1
81.9
89.9
95.4
97.9
100.0
100.0
101.4
104.6
104.6
107.9
111.7
112.2
116.1
118.1
121.8
125.4
131.9
135.5
137.8
139.7
Percent
change
6.4
1.7
6.8
6.0
7.6
9.8
6.1
2.6
2.1
0.0
1.4
3.2
0.0
3.2
3.5
0.4
3.5
1.7
3.1
3.0
5.2
2.7
1.7
1.4
Index
61.7
61.7
61.7
68.7
81.9
90.6
90.6
97.2
99.1
100.0
103.5
104.7
103.8
105.4
104.6
104.6
101.9
100.6
102.8
102.5
100.5
94.7
94.4
102.0
111.0
Percent
change
0.0
0.0
11.3
19.2
10.6
0.0
7.3
2.0
0.9
3.5
1.2
- 0 .9
1.5
- 0 .8
0.0
- 2 .6
- 1 .3
2.2
- 0 .3
-2 .0
- 5 .8
- 0 .3
8.1
8.8
Index
50.4
50.6
59.8
76.2
85.3
93.9
88.9
94.9
101.0
100.0
101.3
100.5
101.3
103.4
106.8
104.1
106.7
108.2
113.1
124.8
127.3
129.9
145.9
152.8
157.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.4
18.2
27.4
11.9
10.1
- 5 .3
6.7
6.4
- 1 .0
1.3
- 0 .8
0.8
2.1
3.3
- 2 .5
2.5
1.4
4.5
10.3
2.0
2.0
12.3
4.7
3.3
99.4
93.3
91.8
95.7
107.6
110.6
100.8
101.9
101.2
100.0
103.5
103.3
99.2
100.8
96.9
93.6
90.8
86.6
87.0
84.2
80.1
71.8
69.7
74.0
79.5
-6 .1
- 1 .6
4.2
12.4
2.8
- 8 .9
1.1
- 0 .7
- 1 .2
3.5
- 0 .2
- 4 .0
1.6
- 3 .9
- 3 .4
- 3 .0
- 4 .6
0.5
- 3 .2
- 4 .9
-1 0 .4
- 2 .9
6.2
7.4
81.2
76.6
89.0
106.1
112.1
114.7
98.9
99.5
103.2
100.0
101.3
99.1
96.8
98.9
99.0
93.2
95.1
93.2
95.8
102.5
101.5
98.5
107.7
110.9
113.0
-5 .7
16.2
19.2
5.7
2.3
-1 3 .8
0.6
3.7
-3 .1
1.3
-2 .2
-2 .3
2.2
0.1
-5 .9
2.0
- 2 .0
2.8
7.0
- 1 .0
-3 .0
9.3
3.0
1.9
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 52. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Grinding machines, metalcutting, except numerically controlled
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........ .•..............................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
65.8
67.3
69.0
71.9
81.9
83.2
84.9
96.4
98.1
100.0
106.0
106.0
107.7
112.3
112.4
112.4
118.3
119.8
121.6
122.4
126.6
131.4
131.4
137.7
146.4
Please see notes at end of tables.
34
Percent
change
2.3
2.5
4.2
13.9
1.6
2.0
13.5
1.8
1.9
6.0
0.0
1.6
4.3
0.1
0.0
5.2
1.3
1.5
0.7
3.4
3.8
0.0
4.8
6.3
Index
76.6
76.6
74.2
78.9
107.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
118.5
118.5
118.5
117.3
118.3
115.1
115.0
110.2
106.0
97.6
105.8
110.0
Percent
change
0.0
-3 .1
6.3
35.9
- 6 .7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.5
0.0
0.0
- 1 .0
0.9
- 2 .7
-0 .1
- 4 .2
- 3 .8
- 7 .9
8.4
4.0
Index
62.6
62.9
72.0
87.5
111.5
103.7
98.1
97.7
101.9
100.0
97.9
96.0
97.7
116.2
121.0
118.0
122.8
127.2
126.6
140.0
139.5
145.4
150.8
158.5
156.5
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
0.5
14.5
21.5
27.4
- 7 .0
- 5 .4
- 0 .4
4.3
- 1 .9
-2 .1
- 1 .9
1.8
18.9
4.1
- 2 .5
4.1
3.6
- 0 .5
10.6
- 0 .4
4.2
3.7
5.1
- 1 .3
116.4
113.8
107.5
109.7
130.9
120.2
117.8
103.7
101.9
100.0
94.3
94.3
92.9
105.5
105.4
105.4
99.2
98.7
94.7
94.0
87.0
80.7
74.3
76.8
75.1
Percent
change
- 2 .2
- 5 .5
2.0
19.3
- 8 .2
- 2 .0
-1 2 .0
- 1 .7
- 1 .9
- 5 .7
0.0
- 1 .5
13.6
-0 .1
0.0
- 5 .9
- 0 .5
-4 .1
- 0 .7
- 7 .4
- 7 .2
- 7 .9
3.4
- 2 .2
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
95.1
93.5
104.3
121.7
136.1
124.6
115.5
101.3
103.9
100.0
92.4
90.6
90.7
103.5
107.7
105.0
103.8
106.2
104.1
114.4
110.2
110.7
114.8
115.1
106.9
- 1 .7
11.6
16.7
11.8
- 8 .4
- 7 .3
-1 2 .3
2.6
- 3 .8
- 7 .6
-1 .9
0.1
14.1
4.1
-2 .5
-1 .1
2.3
-2 .0
9.9
- 3 .7
0.5
3.7
0.3
-7 .1
Table 53. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Numerically controlled machine tools
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
98.4
100.0
100.0
100.4
100.0
101.4
102.2
103.7
105.4
105.4
106.8
109.2
110.4
113.0
115.3
116.5
116.9
Percent
change
1.6
0.0
0.4
- 0 .4
1.4
0.8
1.5
1.6
0.0
1.3
2.2
1.1
2.4
2.0
1.0
0.3
Index
99.1
100.0
101.0
101.7
100.8
100.6
98.7
100.0
97.5
96.2
100.8
100.5
98.5
94.6
92.2
99.9
107.1
Percent
change
0.9
1.0
0.7
- 0 .9
- 0 .2
- 1 .9
1.3
- 2 .5
- 1 .3
4.8
- 0 .3
- 2 .0
- 4 .0
- 2 .5
8.4
7.2
Index
101.0
100.0
98.8
97.6
98.4
98.7
100.8
99.6
102.1
103.5
110.9
122.4
124.7
129.7
142.4
149.6
152.4
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 1 .0
- 1 .2
- 1 .2
0.8
0.3
2.1
- 1 .2
2.5
1.4
7.1
10.4
1.9
4.0
9.8
5.1
1.9
100.7
100.0
101.0
101.3
100.8
99.2
96.6
96.4
92.5
91.3
94.4
92.0
89.2
83.7
80.0
85.8
91.6
- 0 .7
1.0
0.3
- 0 .5
- 1 .6
- 2 .6
- 0 .2
- 4 .0
- 1 .3
3.4
- 2 .5
- 3 .0
- 6 .2
- 4 .4
7.2
6.8
102.6
100.0
98.8
97.2
98.4
97.3
98.6
96.0
96.9
98.2
103.8
112.1
113.0
114.8
123.5
128.4
130.4
- 2 .5
- 1 .2
- 1 .6
1.2
-1 .1
1.3
- 2 .6
0.9
1.3
5.7
8.0
0.8
1.6
7.6
4.0
1.6
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 54. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Pumps for liquids
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
63.5
65.1
66.8
70.8
78.1
88.6
91.6
93.9
96.8
100.0
103.6
103.6
104.4
106.1
110.4
111.5
112.1
117.0
117.9
119.5
121.4
127.8
128.7
134.0
135.6
Please see notes at end of tables.
35
Percent
change
2.5
2.6
6.0
10.3
13.4
3.4
2.5
3.1
3.3
3.6
0.0
0.8
1.6
4.1
1.0
0.5
4.4
0.8
1.4
1.6
5.3
0.7
4.1
1.2
Index
62.5
63.1
64.4
86.2
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
102.7
100.0
95.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
88.4
88.4
88.4
88.4
88.4
Percent
change
1.0
2.1
33.9
35.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
-1 2 .0
- 2 .6
- 4 .2
-3 .1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
- 4 .7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Index
51.1
51.8
62.5
95.6
121.4
121.0
114.5
114.0
104.6
100.0
93.8
89.1
90.6
91.0
94.8
92.4
97.2
99.8
102.1
113.0
112.0
121.3
136.7
132.5
125.8
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
1.4
20.7
53.0
27.0
- 0 .3
- 5 .4
- 0 .4
- 8 .2
- 4 .4
- 6 .2
- 5 .0
1.7
0.4
4.2
- 2 .5
5.2
2.7
2.3
10.7
- 0 .9
8.3
12.7
-3 .1
-5 .1
98.4
96.9
96.4
121.8
149.4
131.7
127.4
124.3
106.1
100.0
92.5
89.6
88.9
87.5
84.1
83.2
82.8
79.3
78.7
77.7
72.8
69.2
68.7
66.0
65.2
- 1 .5
- 0 .5
26.3
22.7
-1 1 .8
- 3 .3
- 2 .4
-1 4 .6
- 5 .7
- 7 .5
-3 .1
- 0 .8
- 1 .6
- 3 .9
-1 .1
- 0 .5
- 4 .2
- 0 .8
- 1 .3
- 6 .3
- 4 .9
- 0 .7
- 3 .9
- 1 .2
80.5
79.6
93.6
135.0
155.4
136.6
125.0
121.4
108.1
100.0
90.5
86.0
86.8
85.8
85.9
82.9
86.7
85.3
86.6
94.6
92.3
94.9
106.2
98.9
92.8
-1 .1
17.6
44.2
15.1
-1 2 .1
- 8 .5
- 2 .9
-1 1 .0
- 7 .5
- 9 .5
- 5 .0
0.9
- 1 .2
0.1
- 3 .5
4.6
- 1 .6
1.5
9.2
- 2 .4
2.8
11.9
- 6 .9
- 6 .2
Table 55. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Air or gas pumps and compressors
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
Percent
change
71.8
74.9
74.9
79.3
82.8
87.2
92.4
96.0
99.7
100.0
101.1
101.1
105.8
106.1
106.8
108.2
108.8
111.8
113.0
113.6
119.9
121.0
122.4
124.4
130.0
4.3
0.0
5.9
4.4
5.3
6.0
3.9
3.9
0.3
1.1
0.0
4.6
0.3
0.7
1.3
0.6
2.8
1.1
0.5
5.5
0.9
1.2
1.6
4.5
Index
86.8
86.8
86.8
86.0
88.4
88.4
95.0
95.0
99.1
100.0
101.0
102.1
101.2
101.0
107.5
109.0
106.0
104.5
103.4
103.0
106.5
106.2
103.2
104.8
107.0
Percent
change
0.0
0.0
- 0 .9
2.8
0.0
7.5
0.0
4.3
0.9
1.0
1.1
- 0 .9
- 0 .2
6.4
1.4
- 2 .8
- 1 .4
-1 .1
- 0 .4
3.4
- 0 .3
- 2 .8
1.6
2.1
Index
71.0
71.3
84.2
95.4
92.0
91.7
93.2
92.8
101.0
100.0
98.8
98.0
98.8
99.1
109.8
108.5
111.0
112.4
113.7
125.4
134.8
145.7
159.5
157.0
152.2
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.4
18.1
13.3
- 3 .6
- 0 .3
1.6
- 0 .4
8.8
- 1 .0
- 1 .2
- 0 .8
0.8
0.3
10.8
- 1 .2
2.3
1.3
1.2
10.3
7.5
8.1
9.5
- 1 .6
-3 .1
120.9
115.9
115.9
1C8.4
106.8
101.4
102.8
99.0
99.4
100.0
99.9
101.0
95.7
95 2
100.7
100.7
97.4
93.5
91.5
90.7
88 8
87.8
84 3
84.2
82.3
-4 .1
0.0
- 6 .5
- 1 .5
-5 .1
1.4
- 3 .7
0.4
0.6
-0 .1
1.1
- 5 .2
0.5
5.8
0.0
3.3
- 4 .0
2.1
0.9
2.1
1.1
40
>-0.1
- 2 .3
98.9
95.2
112.4
120.3
111.1
105.2
100.9
96.7
101.3
100.0
97.7
96.9
93.4
93 4
102.8
100.3
102.0
100.5
100.6
110.4
1124
120 4
130.3
126.2
117.1
- 3 .7
18.1
7.0
- 7 .6
- 5 .3
-4 .1
- 4 .2
4.8
- 1 .3
-2 .3
- 0 .8
-3 .6
00
10.1
- 2 .4
17
1.5
0.1
97
18
71
8.2
3.1
- 7 .2
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 56. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Forklift trucks
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
Septem ber.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
66.5
68.8
71.3
73.9
83.6
86.6
91.2
95.5
101.4
100.0
104.3
105.1
107.0
107.5
107.8
110.8
113.4
114.2
114.5
118.2
120.8
121.9
126.5
127.7
130.5
Percent
change
3.5
3.6
3.6
13.1
3.6
5.3
4.7
6.2
- 1 .4
4.3
0.8
1.8
0.5
0.3
2.8
2.3
0.7
0.3
3.2
2.2
0.9
3.8
0.9
2.2
Please see notes at end of tables.
36
Index
74.7
75.7
70.9
71.4
90.4
92.8
97.1
101.0
100.1
100.0
102.1
103.3
102.8
104.3
104.7
105.7
104.8
104.1
104.1
104.1
104.1
104.1
101.8
92.2
92.2
Percent
change
1.3
- 6 .3
0.7
26.6
2.7
4.6
4.0
- 0 .9
-0 .1
2.1
1.2
- 0 .5
1.5
0.4
1.0
- 0 .9
- 0 .7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
- 2 .2
- 9 .4
0.0
Index
61.1
62.2
68.8
79.2
94.0
96.3
95.2
98.7
102.0
100.0
99.9
99.2
100.4
102.3
106.9
105.2
109.7
112.0
114.6
126.8
131.9
142.9
157.3
138.1
131.2
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
1.8
10.6
15.1
18.7
2.4
-1 .1
3.7
3.3
- 2 .0
-0 .1
- 0 .7
1.2
1.9
4.5
-1 .6
4.3
2.1
2.3
10.6
4.0
8.3
10.1
-1 2 .2
- 5 .0
112.3
110.0
99.4
96.6
108.1
107.2
106.5
105.8
98.7
100.0
97.9
98.3
96.1
97.0
97.1
95.4
92.4
91.2
90.9
88.1
86.2
85.4
80.5
72.2
70.7
- 2 .0
- 9 .6
- 2 .8
11.9
- 0 .8
- 0 .7
- 0 .7
- 6 .7
1.3
-2 .1
0.4
- 2 .2
0.9
0.1
- 1 .8
-3 .1
- 1 .3
- 0 .3
-3 .1
- 2 .2
- 0 .9
- 5 .7
-1 0 .3
-2 .1
91.9
90.4
96.5
107.2
112.4
111.2
104.4
103.4
100.6
100.0
95.8
94.4
93.8
95.2
99.2
94.9
96.7
98.1
100.1
107.3
109.2
117.2
124.3
108.1
100.5
- 1 .6
6.7
11.1
4.9
-1 .1
-6 .1
- 1 .0
- 2 .7
-0 .6
- 4 .2
-1 .5
-0 .6
1.5
4.2
- 4 .3
1.9
1.4
2.0
7.2
1.8
7.3
6.1
-1 3 .0
- 7 .0
Table 57. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Power transmission chains, of iron or steel
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber.......................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
70.1
80.1
92.4
93.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.4
100.4
100.4
101.0
101.2
82.5
83.4
83.4
86.7
89.9
89.9
91.4
93.5
Percent
change
14.3
15.4
1.4
6.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.2
-1 8 .5
1.1
0.0
4.0
3.7
0.0
1.7
2.3
Index
93.5
93.6
104.0
104.3
98.0
100.0
108.0
110.3
108.5
107.9
103.7
106.4
101.1
100.2
100.7
95.3
93.2
89.6
87.4
88.9
93.0
Percent
change
0.1
11.1
0.3
- 6 .0
2.0
8.0
2.1
- 1 .6
- 0 .6
- 3 .9
2.6
- 5 .0
- 0 .9
0.5
- 5 .4
- 2 .2
- 3 .9
- 2 .5
1.7
4.6
Index
97.3
97.1
102.1
101.9
99.9
100.0
105.7
105.9
105.9
105.9
105.9
105.9
105.9
107.8
110.8
116.0
118.0
122.9
135.1
133.1
132.3
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
- 0 .2
5.1
- 0 .2
- 2 .0
0.1
5.7
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
2.8
4.7
1.7
4.2
9.9
- 1 .5
- 0 .6
133.4
116.9
112.6
111.3
98.0
100.0
108.0
110.3
108.1
107.5
103.3
105.3
99.9
121.5
120.7
114.3
107.5
99.7
97.2
97.3
99.5
-1 2 .4
- 3 .7
- 1 .2
-1 1 .9
2.0
8.0
2.1
- 2 .0
- 0 .6
- 3 .9
1.9
-5 .1
21.6
- 0 .7
- 5 .3
- 5 .9
- 7 .3
- 2 .5
0.1
2.3
138.8
121.2
110.5
108.8
99.9
100.0
105.7
105.9
105.5
105.5
105.5
104.9
104.6
130.7
132.9
139.1
136.1
136.7
150.3
145.6
141.5
-1 2 .7
- 8 .8
- 1 .5
- 8 .2
0.1
5.7
0.2
- 0 .4
0.0
0.0
- 0 .6
- 0 .3
25.0
1.7
4.7
- 2 .2
0.4
9.9
-3 .1
- 2 .8
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 58. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Electromechanical handtools
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
Percent
change
99.9
100.0
103.7
105.4
107.1
109.4
110.6
110.6
114.3
115.6
116.5
117.4
124.1
125.2
128.9
128.9
134.8
0.1
3.7
1.6
1.6
2.1
1.1
0.0
3.3
1.1
0.8
0.8
5.7
0.9
3.0
0.0
4.6
Please see notes at end of tables.
37
Index
110.0
100.0
100.0
100.7
100.7
104.3
105.3
105.3
105.3
105.3
105.3
103.8
103.8
100.9
93.7
90.6
90.6
Percent
change
-9 .1
0.0
0.7
0.0
3.6
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
- 1 .4
0.0
- 2 .8
—7.1
- 3 .3
0.0
Index
112.1
100.0
97.9
96.7
98.4
102.3
107.5
104.8
110.2
113.2
115.8
126.4
131.5
138.5
144.8
135.7
128.9
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
-1 0 .8
-2 .1
- 1 .2
1.8
4.0
5.1
- 2 .5
5.2
2.7
2.3
9.2
4.0
5.3
4.5
- 6 .3
- 5 .0
110.1
100.0
96.4
95.5
94.0
95.3
95.2
95.2
92.1
91.1
90.4
88.4
83.6
80.6
72.7
70.3
67.2
- 9 .2
- 3 .6
- 0 .9
- 1 .6
1.4
-0 .1
0.0
- 3 .3
-1 .1
- 0 .8
- 2 .2
- 5 .4
- 3 .6
- 9 .8
- 3 .3
- 4 .4
112.2
100.0
94.4
91.7
91.9
93.5
97.2
94.8
96.4
97.9
99.4
107.7
106.0
110.6
112.3
105.3
95.6
-1 0 .9
- 5 .6
- 2 .9
0.2
1.7
4.0
- 2 .5
1.7
1.6
1.5
8.4
- 1 .6
4.3
1.5
- 6 .2
- 9 .2
Table 59. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Printing machines
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
Septem ber.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
Septem ber.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
100.0
100.0
105.0
106.1
113.1
113.1
115.1
119.7
124.1
126.9
131.1
131.8
138.3
139.1
141.0
148.0
153.6
Percent
change
0.0
5.0
1.0
6.6
0.0
1.8
4.0
3.7
2.3
3.3
0.5
4.9
0.6
1.4
5.0
3.8
Index
93.0
100.0
100.5
100.5
106.8
124.1
124.1
125.9
126.0
126.0
126.0
126.0
126.0
126.2
126.2
126.2
126.2
Percent
change
7.5
0.5
0.0
6.3
16.2
0.0
1.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Index
94.8
100.0
98.3
96.5
104.3
121.7
126.8
125.3
131.9
135.5
138.6
153.4
159.5
173.1
195.0
189.0
179.5
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
5.5
- 1 .7
- 1 .8
8.1
16.7
4.2
- 1 .2
5.3
2.7
2.3
10.7
4.0
8.5
12.7
-3 .1
-5 .0
93.0
100.0
95.7
94.7
94.4
109.7
107.8
105.2
101.5
99.3
96.1
95.6
91.1
90.7
89.5
85.3
82.2
7.5
- 4 .3
- 1 .0
- 0 .3
16.2
- 1 .7
- 2 .4
- 3 .5
- 2 .2
- 3 .2
- 0 .5
- 4 .7
- 0 .4
- 1 .3
- 4 .7
- 3 .6
94.8
100.0
93.6
91.0
92.2
107.6
110.2
104.7
106.3
106.8
105.7
116.4
115.3
124.4
138.3
127.7
116.9
5.5
-6 .4
-2 .8
1.3
16.7
2.4
- 5 .0
1.5
0.5
-1 .0
10.1
-0 .9
7.9
11.2
-7 .7
- 8 .5
Please see notes at end of tables.
Table 60. U.S.-Japan comparisons: Metal valves, of iron or steel
U.S. export price
index in dollars
Japan export
price index
in yen
Japan export
price index in
dollars
Month
Index
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1974
1974
1974
1975
1975
1975
1975
1976
1976
1976
1976
1977
1977
1977
1977
1978
1978
1978
1978
1979
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
June..................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
June..................................................................................
September.......................................................................
Decem ber........................................................................
M arch...............................................................................
69.4
72.5
68.2
69.4
80.4
82.3
92.6
94.4
98.1
100.0
100.7
103.8
107.1
107.5
108.6
114.4
114.8
116.0
115.9
122.0
122.1
123.6
124.2
131.2
134.0
Percent
change
4.5
- 5 .9
1.8
15.9
2.4
12.5
1.9
3.9
1.9
0.7
3.1
3.2
0.4
1.0
5.3
0.3
1.0
-0 .1
5.3
0.1
1.2
0.5
5.6
2.1
Please see notes at end of tables.
38
Index
51.1
51.1
49.5
49.5
74.8
84.3
101.2
105.5
105.3
100.0
89.6
89.6
89.6
89.6
89.6
89.6
87.5
86.8
87.4
87.4
87.3
88.2
82.4
85.5
86.6
Percent
change
0.0
-3 .1
0.0
51.1
12.7
20.0
4.2
- 0 .2
- 5 .0
-1 0 .4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
- 2 .3
- 0 .8
0.7
0.0
-0 .1
1.0
- 6 .6
3.8
1.3
Index
41.8
41.9
48.1
54.9
77.8
87.5
99.3
103.1
107.3
100.0
87.7
86.0
87.5
87.9
91.5
89.2
91.6
93.3
96.1
106.4
110.5
121.0
127.3
128.1
123.1
Ratio of export
price indexes in
national
currencies
Ratio of export
price indexes in
dollars
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
Ratio x
100
Percent
change
0.2
14.8
14.1
41.7
12.5
13.5
3.8
4.1
- 6 .8
-1 2 .3
- 1 .9
1.7
0.5
4.1
- 2 .5
2.7
1.9
3.0
10.7
3.9
9.5
5.2
0.6
- 3 .9
73.6
70.5
72.6
71.3
93.0
102.4
109.3
111.8
107.3
100.0
89.0
86.3
83.7
83.3
82.5
78.3
76.2
74.8
75.4
71.6
71.5
71.4
66.3
65.2
64.6
- 4 .2
3.0
- 1 .8
30.4
10.1
6.7
2.3
- 4 .0
- 6 .8
-1 1 .0
- 3 .0
- 3 .0
- 0 .5
- 1 .0
-5 .1
- 2 .7
- 1 .8
0.8
- 5 .0
-0 .1
-0 .1
-7 .1
- 1 .7
- 0 .9
60.2
57.8
70.5
79.1
96.8
106.3
107.2
109.2
109.4
100.0
87.1
82.9
81.7
81.8
84.3
78.0
79.8
80.4
82.9
87.2
90.5
97.9
102.5
97.6
91.9
- 4 .0
22.0
12.2
22.4
9.8
0.8
1.9
0.2
- 8 .6
-1 2 .9
- 4 .8
- 1 .4
0.1
3.1
- 7 .5
2.3
0.8
3.1
5.2
3.8
8.2
4.7
- 4 .8
- 5 .8
of U.S. export prices contained in this bulletin.
The export price indexes of all three countries are
Laspeyres’ indexes of specification prices. The weight
base period is 1970 for the indexes in tables 1-34 (U.S.
and Germany comparisons), and 1975 for the indexes
in tables 35-60 (U.S. and Japan comparisons). The base
periods reflect national practices.
The Japanese export price indexes in tables 35, 37,
39,41,42, 45, 46,48, 50-52, 54-57, and 60 were linked
with indexes on the 1970 base to obtain values for
periods before March 1975. The 1970 base values were
ratio-spliced using a formula suggested by the Bank of
Japan: Linked index = (1970 base index) x (1975 base
average monthly index in 1975)/( 1970 base average
monthly index in 1975).
Notes for tables 1-60
In all index ratios, the U.S. export price index is in
the denominator (i.e., XPIf/XPIus). Where possible,
the indexes and index ratios are adjusted to set the
value for the reference period, June 1975, equal to 100.
The series in tables 36 and 44 begin after June 1975
and use June 1976 as the reference period.
The U.S. export price indexes that appear in these
tables were calculated for the specific purpose of mak
ing these intercountry comparisons. The Bureau of
Labor Statistics also publishes official export price in
dexes for the United States, in a separate quarterly
press release, which reflect price trends for SITC prod
uct categories. As a result, they differ from the indexes
39
Bibliography
Asia Economic Research Institute. Standard Interna
tional Trade Classification (Japanese and
English). Tokyo: 1969.
The Bank of Japan. Export and Import Price Indexes
Monthly. Tokyo, monthly.
______Price Indexes Annual 1977. Tokyo: The Bank
of Japan, 1978, pp. 331-32.
______ List o f Commodity Descriptions for 19 75-Based
Price Indexes. Tokyo: The Bank of Japan, May
1978 (Japanese).
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
Federal Reserve Bulletin (monthly).
______ Statistical Release G.5: Foreign Exchange Rates
(monthly).
DeVries, Louis, and Herman, Theo M. English-Ger
man Technical and Engineering Dictionary. New
York: M cGraw-Hill, 1967.
______ German-English Technical and Engineering
Dictionary. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966.
International Monetary Fund. Annual Report 1978.
Washington: IMF, 1978.
______ International Financial Statistics (monthly).
Japan Tariff Association. Japan Exports and Imports:
Commodity by Country. Tokyo: monthly.
Kasper, Marvin, and Pratt, Richard J. “Surveying In
ternational Prices,” in 1978 Proceedings o f the
Section on Survey Research Methods. American
Statistical Association.
Kravis, Irving B., and Lipsey, Robert E. Price Com
petitiveness in World Trade. New York: Na
tional Bureau of Economic Research, 1971.
______ “The Elasticity of Substitution as a Variable
in World Trade,” in International Comparisons
o f Prices and Output, Studies in Income and
Wealth. D. J. Daley, editor. 37: 269—90. New
York: National Bureau of Economic Research,
1972.
______ “International Trade Prices and Proxies,” in
The Role o f the Computer in Economic and
Social Research in Latin America. Nancy Ruggles, editor, pp. 253-68. New York: National
Bureau of Economic Research, 1974.
Learner, Edward E., and Stern, Robert M. Quantitative
International Economics. Boston: Allyn and
Bacon, 1970.
Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. World Financial Markets
(monthly).
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Develop
ment. “The International Competitiveness of
Selected OECD Countries.” OECD Economic
Outlook: Occasional Studies (July 1978):
35-52.
Rostin, W. Indices o f Foreign Trade Prices, Base 1970,
Studies in Statistics No. 30. W iesbaden:
Federal Statistical Office, 1974.
Statistisches Bundesamt. Aussenhandel nach Waren und
Laendern. Wiesbaden, monthly.
------------- Gegenueberstellung Standard International
Trade Classification (SITC) m it Warenverzeichnis fuer die Industriestatistik (WI); Stand
1971. Wiesbaden, 1972.
--------- Gegenueberstellung des Warenverzeichnis fuer
die Industriestatistik (WI) mit dem Waren
verzeichnis fuer die Aussenhandelsstatistik;
Stand 1972. July 1974.
--------- Preise und Preisindizes fuer die Ein- und
Ausfuhr. Wiesbaden, monthly.
----------Warenverzeichnis fuer die Aussenhan
delsstatistik, Ausgabe 1975. Wiesbaden, 1974.
--------- Systematisches Warenverzeichnis fuer die In
dustriestatistik, Ausgabe 1970. Wiesbaden,
1970.
Stern, Robert M. “Comment” (on “The Elasticity of
Substitution as a Variable in World Trade”),
in International Comparisons o f Prices and Out
put, Studies in Income and Wealth. D. J. Daley,
editor, 37: 391—95. New York: National
Bureau of Economic Research, 1972.
Suomela, John W. “The Meaning and Measurement of
International Price Competitiveness,” in 1978
Proceedings o f the Business and Economic
Statistics Section. American Statistical Associa
tion.
--------- and Perez-Lopez, Jorge F. “ M easuring
Changes in U.S. Price Competitiveness.” Paper
presented at the Atlantic Economic Con
ference, Washington, D.C., September 12,
1975.
Theil, Henri. Theory and Measurement o f Consumer De
mand, Vol. 1. Amsterdam: North-Holland,
1975.
Ulmer, Melville J. The Theory and Measurement o f In
ternational Price Competitiveness. Report to the
Office of Statistical Standards, Bureau of the
40
Budget. Washington, D.C.: Executive Office of
the President, May 1969.
United Kingdom Treasury, “The International Com
petitiveness of U.K. Manufactured Goods.”
Economic Progress Report, No. 95 (Feb. 1978),
pp .1 -3 , and reprinted in Trade and Industry
(Feb. 17, 1978), pp. 340-41.
United Nations. Classification o f Commodities by In
dustrial Origin, Statistical Papers, Series M,
No. 43, Revision 1. New York: United Na
tions, 1971.
______ Commodity Indexes for the Standard Interna
tional Trade Classification, Revised. Statistical
Papers, Series M, No. 38, Vol. 1 and 2. New
York: United Nations, 1963.
______ National Practices in Compiling Price and
Quantity Index Numbers. New York: United
Nations, 1975.
______ Standard International Trade Classification,
Revised. Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 32.
New York: United Nations, 1961.
U.S. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Notes from
the Joint Economic Committee 4 (September
1978).
U.S. Department of Commerce. Changes in U.S. Foreign
Trade: The Post-1971 Experience in Perspective.
Mimeographed. October 1974.
______ Bureau of the Census. Schedule B: Statistical
Classification o f Domestic and Foreign Com
modities Exported by the United States, January
1971 edition and annual updates. Washington:
U.S. Government Printing Office, various
years.
U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Handbook o f Methods for Surveys and Studies,
Bulletin 1910. Washington: U.S. Government
Printing Office, 1976, pp. 130-34.
______ Bureau of Labor Statistics. “U.S. Import and
Export Price Indexes, Second Quarter 1978.”
News Release USDL 78-786 (August 8,
1978).
41
U.S.
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
: 1980 0 - 31 4 - 5 9 3
Employment Projections for the
Subjects include:
The labor force—expected changes in size and composition as a result
of the continuing impact of the post-World War II baby boom, the increased
participation of women, and the drop in the birth rate during the 1960's.
Gross national product and income—projected trends and,
major underlying assumptions on fiscal policy, productivity, (
and other factors affecting aggregate demand.^
Industry output and employment—gross product originating^
in major sectors; employment in 149 industries.
Distribution of demand —changing patterns in the [
major sectors of consumption, business investment,
government expenditures, and foreign I
Order Form
Mail to BLS
Regional Office
nearest you (see
listing elsewhere),
or the
Superintendent of
Documents, U.S.
Government
Printing Office,
Washington, D.C.
20402.
Four articles from the
Monthly Labor Review
and additional
tables project
the United States
economy to 19 9 0 growth, employment,
output, income,
and demand over
the next decade.
Please send_____ copies of Employment Projections for the 1980’s, BLS Bulletin
2030 (Stock No. 029-001 -02312-0) at $4 a copy (25 percent discount for orders of 100
copies or more sent to one address)
□ $ _____Remittance enclosed. (Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents.)
□ Charge $ _______________________to my Deposit Account No.
Name—First, Last
I I I I I I I II
I II
I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1
111 1 1
1
1
Street address
I II T I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Company name or additional address line
I I I I I I I I I I I I. I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
State
City
II
II
11
Z ip C ode
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 II
(or County)
I I I I I II
Please print or type
I I I I I I I Li
M 1
1 I L _LL 1
11 1 1
1
1
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Regional Offices
Region I
1603 JFK Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: (617) 223-6761
Region IV
1371 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
Phone: (404) 881-4418
Region V
Region II
Suite 3400
1515 Broadway
New York, N.Y. 10036
Phone: (212) 944-3121
Region III
9th Floor
Federal Office Building
230 S. Dearborn Street
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone: (312) 353-1880
Region VI
3535 Market Street
Second Floor
P.O. Box 13309
Philadelphia, Pa. 19101
Phone: (215) 596-1154
555 Griffin Square Building
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: (214) 767-6971
Regions VII and VIII
911 Walnut Street
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
Phone: (816) 374-2481
Regions IX and X
450 Golden Gate Avenue
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: (415) 556-4678
@FedFRASER