Full text of Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor, Nos. 1 - 100 : September 1899 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor, No. 24, Volume IV

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55th

Congress, ) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.( D oo.N o. 207 ,
]
(
Part 5 .

3 d Session .

BULLETIN
OF THE

NO. 24—SEPTEMBER, 1899.




ISSUED EV ER Y OTHER MONTH.

EDITED BY

CARROLL D. WRIGHT,
COMMISSIONER.

OREN W. WEAVER, .
CHIEF CLERK.

WASHINGTON:

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.

1899.




CONTENTS.
Pago.

Statistics of c itie s .......................................................................................................
625-698
Digest of recent reports of State bureaus of labor statistics:
C onnecticut.........................
699-701
North C arolina................... ............. „....................... ; ............................................... 701-703
North D akota...............................................................................................................
703
W isconsin...................................................................................................................... .703-707
Twelfth report on the annual statistics of m anufactures in M assachusetts.. 708-712
Twelfth annual report of the board of mediation and arbitration of New
Y o rk ...............................................................
713
Digest of recent foreign statistical publications.............................................
714-728
Decisions of courts affecting labor.....................................................................
729-749
Laws of various States relating to labor enacted since January 1; 1896 ........ 750-763
Recent Government co n tracts.............................................................
764




in




BULLETIN
OF THE

D E P A R T M E N T OE L A B O R
No. 24.

WASHINGTON.

S e p t e m b e r , 1899.

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

During the second session of tlie Fifty-fifth Congress the Commis­
sioner of Labor was called upon in the following language to make the
investigation, the results of which are embodied in the tables accom­
panying this article:
The Commissioner of Labor is authorized to compile and publish
annually, as a part of the Bulletin of the Department of Labor, an
abstract of the main features of the official statistics of the cities of
the United States having over 30,000 population.
The act from which the above paragraph is drawn was approved and
begame law July 1, 1898.
An examination of all the data obtainable as to the growth of cities
and their present population indicated that about 150 cities in the
United States were possibly within the scope of the investigation.
Further inquiry in the cities themselves, however, resulted in the
exclusion of a few of these which were very close to the 30,000 popula­
tion limit, but which were found to be unquestionably below that
number. There were found, then, 140 cities which have been considered
within the scope of the investigation and which have been called
upon for the data included in the tabular presentations which conclude
this article.
The act of Congress quoted above apparently contemplated a com­
pilation of the official statistics of the various cities of 30,000 population
or over from data to be furnished to the Commissioner of Labor by
the cities themselves, such as, for instance, were included in their
official annual reports, etc. Steps were taken, therefore, to obtain such
reports from the officials of the various cities, and many reports were
promptly received. In a number of instances, however, no reports
were received, even though repeated efforts were made to secure them.



625

626

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

In some cases the Department was informed that no printed reports
were available, while in other cases no reply whatever was received
in answer to its requests. Ail examination of the reports receivedshowed that very few facts were reported uniformly by all of the cities,
and that even the important financial statements were presented in so
many different forms as to preclude such classification of the various
items as seemed necessary for a satisfactory comparison,
It was believed that in order to be valuable for comparison and for
other purposes the various items relating to the governmental, finan­
cial, and other conditions of these cities should be reported uniformly
and accurately. Even had the Department been furnished with the
reports for all of the cities within the limits of the investigation, the
many difficulties encountered in a tentative effort with the reports
already received led to the conclusion that uniformity and accuracy
could be secured only by sending the special agents of the Depart­
ment to the cities for the data desired. A schedule of inquiries was
accordingly prepared and the work taken up by the agents of the
Department at once. The utmost interest in the investigation was
manifested in nearly every city by the officials who were visited, and
they gave freely their time in compiling the data desired and in
every way assisted the Department in the work. In many cases the
methods of bookkeeping in vogue made a uniform classification of
financial items, as called for by the schedules of the Department, very
difficult and required much time and labor. To the officials, therefore,
who have contributed to an almost complete report on the various
items included in the tables, the thanks of this Department are due. (a)
It is to be regretted that the desired facts for all of the cities included
in the tables are not given. In the few instances, however, where part
of the data is lacking and the one instance where no data whatever are
given, repeated efforts were made to secure the same without meeting
with success.
The facts presented in this article and its accompanying tables cover,
with the exceptions noted, the last fiscal year for which reports were
obtainable. The date of ending of the fiscal year varies considerably,
as will be seen by reference to Table I.
The present investigation is the first undertaken by the Department
on this subject, but as will be seen by the language of the law quoted
at the beginning of the article, a similar inquiry will be taken up
each year. It is hoped in the next report to enlarge somewhat upon
the present one and to cover many points which were necessarily
omitted here. The cordial cooperation of the officials of the various
cities is earnestly requested in order that this may be successfully
accomplished, and to this end blank schedules of inquiries will be sent
in advance in order that some opportunity may be allowed the officials
a Tlie Department is indebted, also, to Dr. John A. Fairlie, of New York City, for
valuable assistance.



STATISTICS OP CITIES.

627

of the cities concerned to fill the same, so far as possible, before they arc
called upon by the agents of the Department.
The titles of the seventeen tables embraced in this investigation are
as follows:
Table I.—Population, area, period covered, etc.
Table II.—Police, retail liquor saloons, and arrests and convictions, by causes.
Table III.—Firemen, fire equipment, and property loss from fires.
Table IV.—Deaths, hy causes, sanitary inspection, etc.
Table V.—Percentage of deaths from each specified cause of total deaths.
Table VI.—Death rate per 1,000 population.
Table VII.—Area of streets paved, hy kind of pavement.
Table VIII.—Care of streets, disposal of 'garbage, an 1 area of public parks.
Table IX.—City almshouses, orphan asylums, and hospitals.
Table X.—City schools and libraries.
Table XI.—Cost of water, gas, and electric-light works owned and operated by
cities.
Table XII.—Debt, assessed valuation of property, and taxation.
Table XIII.—Income from all sources.
Table XIV.—Expenditures for construction and other capital outlay.
Table XV.—Expenditures for maintenance and operation.
Table XVI.—Summary of income and expenditure, and assets.
Table XVII.—Per capita debt, assessed valuation of property, and expenditures
for maintenance.

Before presenting these tables, which contain all the data which
were secured in connection with this investigation, it is thought best
to furnish the reader with a short description of each for whatever aid
it may be in the study of the same.
Table I.—Population, area, period covered, etc.—In this table, as in the
remaining sixteen tables, the 140 cities in the United States selected
for this investigation as having a population of 30,000 or over are
presented in alphabetical order. The date of incorporation of each of
the cities is first given, followed by the estimated population January
1,1899. In connection with this last item it is proper to state that the
Department anticipated difficulty in securing accurate figures as to
population, owing to the fact that a complete census is seldom attempted
by local authorities. It was determined, however, to have the agents of
the Department consult the various officials in each of the cities visited
in regard to this question and taking their replies into consideration,
together with any information available as to any census which had
been taken since the Eleventh Census of the United States, to decide
upon a figure which might be considered a fair estimate and one satis­
factory to the officials of the cities. This was accordingly done, and
while it is not claimed that these estimates are absolutely accurate,
it is thought that they are reasonably near to the exact figures. This
table also presents information as to the area, in acres, of each of the
cities, together with the dates of ending of the years covered by the
investigation. To explain this latter column it is necessary to say that




628

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

in most of the cities investigated the various departments of the city
government—such as fire, police, street, etc.—made their reports for
a different year, one department having December 31 as the end of its
fiscal year, while the others had their fiscal years end on other dates.
It was thought important, in connection with a study of the data
included in the various tables, to furnish a statement as to dates of
ending of the years for which the information is given. Where but a
single date is given under this heading, all of the various city depart­
ments close their fiscal year upon the same date 5 where the fiscal year
of the various departments ended on different dates, all necessary
information as to the ending of the same is furnished in this column.
All data in the tables, with the exception of those which are noted,
cover one year’s transactions, and that the last year for which the facts
were obtainable.
Table II.—Police, retail liquor saloons, and arrests and convictions, by
causes.—This table first shows the number of policemen in each of the
cities, this number including not only patrolmen} but officers, such as
sergeants, lieutenants, etc. Persons employed as messengers, matrons,
janitors, drivers, etc., are not included. In this table is shown also the
number of licensed retail liquor saloons, and immediately following the
number of arrests and the number of convictions. These are classified
according to the causes for which persons were arrested, as drunken­
ness, disturbing the peace, assault and battery, housebreaking, vagrancy,
homicide, and larceny. The arrests and convictions for other causes
are given under “ All other offenses,” which is followed by a column
showing arrests and convictions for all offenses. The number of arrests
under each of these various heads is given for practically all cities, but
owing to the difficulties of following the arrests as far as the convic­
tions for the same through the dockets of the various courts to which
the cases were referred it was impossible in many cases to secure
figures for the convictions, and they are, consequently, given in only a
small proportion of the cities.
Table I I I .—Firemen, fire equipment, and property lossfrom fires.—The
number of firemen in each of the cities is given in this table, classified
as to whether thby are regulars, call men, or volunteers. These numbers
include the officers of the fire department in the different grades as well
as the actual firemen, but do not include messengers, janitors, etc. This
table also goes quite fully into the equipment of the fire departments of
the various cities, showing the number of steam and chemical fire engines,
the number of fire boats, hook and ladder trucks, hose reels and hose
wagons, fire hydrants, and horses. In addition to this information, data
are also given as to the total length of ladders and hose belonging to
the fire departments of each of the cities investigated. The table closes
with statements showing the number of fire alarms, the number of
fires, and the total property loss from the same.




STATISTICS OF CITIES.

629

Table IV .—Deaths, by causes, sanitary inspection, etc.—It was found
during this investigation, by an examination of the various city reports,
that in almost every city a different classification as to the causes of
death was used in making the official statement of deaths during the
fiscal year. It was apparent that these classifications, differing so
widely, could not be used, inasmuch as the value of the data concerning
thisfeature of city supervision consists mainly in the comparison afforded
as to the number of deaths from the same cause in each of the cities
investigated. For this reason a uniform classification was adopted and
every effort was made to follow the same strictly, necessitating in
almost every case an entirely new compilation of the deaths from
various causes by the various cities. To these figures as finally com­
piled the health officer in each of the cities gave his approval. An
examination of the table will show the classification itself and the
number of deaths from each selected cause in the various cities. In
addition to this, the table also furnishes information as to the number
of premature births and stillborn during the fiscal year, together with
the number of food inspectors and sanitary inspectors employed by
each city.
Table V.—Percentage of deaths from each specified cause of total
deaths.—This table is based on Table IY, and shows for each city what
percentage of the total deaths during the year was caused by consump­
tion, what by pneumonia, what by heart disease, and what by each of
the remaining causes enumerated in Table IY.
Table VI.—Death rate per 1,000 population —This table is partly based
on Table IY. The population of each city, as estimated by the health
officer, which furnishes the basis for the calculation as to the official
death rate, is given in the first column of this table. This is followed
by a column showing the official death rate of each city as calculated
by the health officers of the same. But in consulting the officials of the
various cities in regard to population it was found that the consensus
of opinion in some cases resulted in placing the estimated population
at a figure different from that used by the health officer in calcu­
lating the official death rate. The estimated population January 1,
1899, is therefore brought forward from Table I, and immediately follow­
ing this is given the death rate, calculated on the basis of these figures,
which are considered to be the best possible estimates as to population.
In most cases these do not differ greatly from the figures used by the
health officers themselves. Premature births and stillborn are not
included in the calculation of death rates.
Table V II.—Area of streets paved, by hind of pavement.—In this table
is shown the number of square yards of streets in each of the cities
paved with cobblestones, granite blocks, bricks, wooden blocks, asphalt
and asphalt blocks, macadam, and gravel. The number of square
yards of all other kinds of street pavements is aggregated in one




630

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

column, and this is followed by the total square yards of streets paved
in each city and the square yards of streets unpaved.
Table V III.— Care of streets, disposal of garbage, and area of public
paries.—This table deals with the provision made by each of the cities
for the care of its streets and the disposal of garbage. The table
shows whether the streets are swept by hand, by machine, or by both
hand and machine, and the number of square yards of streets swept
X>er week. The figures given show the total amount of sweeping done
per week measured in square yards, and do not indicate, therefore,
the total area swept, which would in most cases be considerably less,
inasmuch as many of the streets are swept more than once a week.
This is followed by a column showing the average number of persons
employed in cleaning and sprinkling the streets. The table also shows
the number of cubic yards of garbage sold, burned, or otherwise dis­
posed of in the cities which attend to this matter themselves, together
with the average number of persons employed in such removal. In
most cases, however, it was found that this matter was cared for by
the householders or by contract, and consequently no figures could
be obtained as to the quantity disposed of. The last column in this
table shows the area of public parks belonging to each of the cities.
This area includes only parks belonging to the cities and does not
include parks or gardens which may be in a sense public, but which
are not owned by the municipality.
Table IX .— City almshouses, orphan asylums, and hospitals.—This
table contains data as to city institutions only—that is, those which
are supported and controlled by the municipality itself. In most of
the cities enumerated many institutions of the character included in
the table were found under the control of and supported by the county,
town, or State, or by private contributions. These were in most cases
open to those unable to support themselves or secure proper medical
and other attention. In many cases, too, private institutions were
found in which free attention was given to those needing it, while in
some instances a part of the support of such institutions was con­
tributed by the cities as a condition of furnishing the necessary
attention to its poor. All such institutions have been omitted from
th£ table, as it was thought best to limit the information given here to
those of a strictly municipal character. The table shows, then, the
number of almshouses, orphan asylums, and hospitals owned, con­
trolled, and supported wholly by the cities investigated, together with
the average number of inmates in each kind of institution just
mentioned.
Table X .— City schools and libraries.—This table also refers to strictly
municipal institutions, and shows the number of city schools, classified
as to whether they are high schools or other, and the number of teach­
ers and pupils in each of the two classes. The average attendance in




STATISTICS OF CITIES.

631

high and other schools is next shown, and the table is concluded by
a statement as to the number of free public libraries under municipal
ownership and control in each of the cities, together with information
as to the number of volumes in the same, the number of volumes with­
drawn for home use, and the number withdrawn for use in the read­
ing rooms of the library during the period covered by the report.
Table X I .— Cost of water, gas, and electric-light icorks owned and
operated by cities.—In this table is shown whether the waterworks, gas
works, and electric light works in the various cities are owned and
operated by the municipality. Where these public utilities are munici­
pally owned and operated further data are given as to the year in
which they were built or acquired by the cities, and the cost of the
same. The figures for cost represent the cost up to or very nearly up
to the ending of the fiscal year covered by the report, and include
amounts expended for extensions, etc., in addition to the original cost
of building and equipping the plants.
Table X I I .—Debt, assessed valuation of property, and taxation.—This
table shows, first, the amount of the bonded, the floating, and the
total debt of the cities included in the report. The data as to debt
are followed by those as to the amount of the sinking fund of the
various cities, which, deducted from the preceding column showing
the total debt, furnishes the figures for the next column representing
the net debt of each of the cities. This is followed by a statement as
to the legal borrowing limit. Next follow three columns showing the
assessed valuation of the real, the personal, and the total property in
eaen of the cities considered, while the remaining columns of the table
relate to the tax rates, for various purposes, levied on such property.
In most cases a statement was secured as to the rate of tax levied per
$1,000 of assessed valuation by or for the State, the county, the city,
and for other purposes. The value of the data subdivided in this man­
ner will be seen at once. Owing to the lack of space in this and the
four tables following, the cents in all amounts have been discarded and
the nearest amount in dollars used.
Table X I I I .—Income from all sources.—In this table is shown the
amount of the income during the fiscal year covered by the report of
the various cities which come within the scope of the investigation,
subdivided as to ordinary and extraordinary receipts. The ordinary
receipts are classified, and show the amounts of cash on hand at the
beginning of the fiscal year and the amounts received during the year
from the property tax, from liquor licenses, from other licenses and
fees, from fines, from franchises, from fees or rents of docks, wharves,
ferries, bridges, markets, cemeteries, etc., from all other sources, and
the total ordinary receipts. The extraordinary receipts follow, classified
as from special assessments, from loans, from all other sources, and
total. The table closes with the total income from all sources com­
bined.



632

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

Table X IV .—Expenditures for construction and other capital outlay.—
This table, together with Table XY, deals with the expenditures during
the tiscal year covered by the report Table XIY deals especially with
those for construction and for the acquisition of property of a perma­
nent nature and for other capital outlay. The items for which separate
amounts are shown in this table are: Police department5 police courts,
city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.; lire department; health
department; hospitals, asylums, almshouses, and other charities;
schools; libraries, art galleries, museums, etc.; parks and gardens;
streets; sewers; waterworks; electric-light works; gas works; docks,
wharves, ferries, bridges, markets, cemeteries, etc., and liquidation of
debt. The total of these items is also shown in the table.
Table X V .—Expenditures for maintenance and operation.—This table
is very similar in form to the preceding one, and shows the expendi­
tures for the maintenance of all the principal departments of city
work, together with total expenditures for maintenance and operation.
Table X VI.—Summary of income and expenditure, and assets.—This
table summarizes the results of Tables XIII,*XIY, and XY 5 bringing
into one presentation the totals of income and expenditure shown in
those tables. Two additional columns, showing cash on hand at the end
of the fiscal year and assets, are also given. After most of the cities
involved had been visited by the agents of the Department, it was
decided to include in this article a statement of their assets. By
assets is meant the value of all property, real and personal, owned
by the city at the end of its fiscal year, including the cash in the
treasury, uncollected taxes, cash and bonds in sinking funds, and all
land, buildings, apparatus, and furniture belonging to the city for
whatever purpose used, as the city hall, police and fire departments,
schools, libraries, art galleries, museums, parks, gardens, jails, workhouses, reformatories, hospitals, asylums, almshouses, docks, wharves,
ferries, bridges, markets, cemeteries, bath houses, bathing beaches,
waterworks, gas works, electric light works, etc. In most cases it was
necessary to secure these data by correspondence with the proper
officials of the various cities. The nature of the replies received made
it evident that in most cities no such data are kept or published, and
it is possible that, in the hasty preparation of the figures, some items
have been omitted which should properly be included in assets. Of
course the figures given can at best be but close estimates, and, lacking
definite information as to the basis of the same, some degree of latitude
should be allowed in instituting comparisons founded on them.
Table X V II.—Per capita debt, assessed valuation of property, and ex­
penditures for maintenance.—This is the last table of the series, and
shows per capita the net debt, assessed valuation of real and personal
property, and certain of the detailed expenditures for maintenance,
together with the total for the same. Among these detailed expendi­




STATISTICS OF CITIES.

633

tures are shown the per capita expenditures for the maintehance of the
police department, etc., the fire department, schools, care of streets, and
street lighting. The per capita expenditures for all other items of
maintenance are combined in the next column, and the column showing
the total expenditures per capita for maintenance is the final one in
this table.
The tables follow.




634

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able I.—POPULATION, A R EA , PER IO D COVERED, ETC.
[The estim ates of population on January 1, 1899, given in this table, are based on figures furnished
to the agents of the Department by the various officials in each of the cities and on recent local
censuses. The figures furnished were compared and revised and were afterwards approved by the
city officials as here published.]
Cities.

Estimated Area
Incor­ population,
1
porated. Jan.
1 , 1899. (acres).

Akron, Ohio........................
Albanv, X. Y ......................
A llegheny, P a ..................
A llentown, P a ....................
Altoona, P a ..........................
A tlanta, Ga..........................
Auburn, N. Y ......................
A ugusta, Ga........................
Baltimore, M d ....................
Bay Citv, M ich..................
Binghamton, N, Y ............
Birmingham, A la ..............
Boston, M a ss......................
Bridgeport, Conn..............
Brockton, M ass..................
Buffalo, N. Y ........................
Butte, M o n t........................
Cambridge, M ass..............
Camden, X. J ......................
Canton, Ohio........................
Charleston. S.C ..................
Chattanooga, T en n ..........
Chelsea, M a ss....................
Chicago, 111..........................
Cincinnati, O hio................
Cleveland, Ohio..................
Columbus, Ohio..................
Covington, K y ....................
Dallas, T e x ..........................
Davenport, Iow a................
Dayton, O hio......................
Denver, Colo........................
Dos Moines, I o w a ............
Detroit, M ich......................
Dubuque, Towm..................
Duluth, M inn......................
Elizabeth, XT. J ..................
Elmira, X. Y ........................




Dates of ending of years covered by inves­
tigation.

4, 672. 00 Schools, Aug. 31, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Mar. 20, 1899.
6 , 867. 00 Oct. 31, 1898.
4, 800.00 Police department, Feb. 28, 1898; school
fund items, June 1 ,1S98; all other depart­
ments, Feb. 28,1899.
35, 000 2, Oil. 27 Schools, June 1,1898; fire, police, and street
1838
departments, Apr. 3, 1899; all other de­
partments, Jan. 1,1899.
40, 0G0 1, 588. 42 Police, health, and charities departments,
1868
Dec. 31, 1898; schools, June 6 , 1898; all
other departments, Apr. 3,1899.
96, 500 6 , 720. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
1847
5,
760.
00
32,
000
Dec. 31,1898.
1848
50, 000 2, 560. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
1798
541, 000 24,171. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
1797
38, 000 3, 840. 00 Mar. 22,1899.
1881
45, 000 6 , 400. 00 Police and health departments and water
1867
department fund items, Dec. 31, 1898;
schools and library, May 31, 1899; tire
department, Jan. 31, 1899; all other de­
partments, July 1, 1898.
1873
37, 500 4, 053. 33 Schools, June 30, 1898; all other depart-,
ments, Dee. 31, 1898.
1822
582,463 27, 596. 00 Jan. 31,1899.
1836
70, 000 8 , 576. 00 H ealth department, Dec. 31, 1898; schools,
July 14,189S; streets, Apr. 30, 1899; libra­
ry, May 31,1899; all other departments,
Mar. 31,1899.
1881
37, 278 13, 824. 00 Xov. 30,1898.
1832
400,000 25, 343. 57 Police, streets, health, and library depart­
ments, Dec. 31, 1898; all other depart­
ments, June 30, 1898.
1879
50, 000 1,350. 00 Schools, July 31, 1899; all other depart­
ments, Apr. 30, 1899.
1846
90,000 4,182. 48 Xov. 30,1898.
70,000 3, 354. 00 Feb. 1,1899.
1828
1838
44,290 4, 350. 00 Schools, A ug. 31, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Mar. 20,1899.
1783
68 , 000 3, 276. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
1839
30, 000 2, 560. 00 Police and fire departments, Sept. 30, 1898;
schools, June 30, 1898; streets, Mar. 27,
1899; all other departments, Dec. 31,1898.
33,468 1, 441. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
1857
1837
1, 850, 000 119, 869. 60 School attendance, June 26,1898; all other
departments, Dec. 31,1898.
415, 000 20 , 860. 00 Schools and library, Aug. 31,1898; all other
1819
departments, Dec. 31,1898.
1836
380,000 20, 352.00 Schools and library, Aug. 31,1898; all other
departments, Dec. 31,1898.
1816
140, 000 10, 400. 00 Schools, A ug. 31, 1898; ail other depart­
ments, Dec. 31, 1898.
1834
55, 000 1, 495. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
1856
50,000 5, 760. 00 Apr. 17, 1899.
40, 000 5, 052. 00 Schools, June 23, 1899; school fund items,
1839
Feb. 13, 1899; all other departments Feb.
28,1899.
1840
85, 000 6 , 720. 00 Schools and library, A ug. 31, 1898; all
other departments', Feb. 28,1899.
1861
170, 000 31, 485. 00 Schools, June 30, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Dec. 31, 1898.
70, 000 34, 560. 00 Schools (a), 1898; park fund items, Apr 3,
1857
1899; library, police and fire departments,
and special assessm ent items Dec. 31,
1898; all other departments for 15 months
ending Mar. 31,1899.
1824
350,000 18, 560. 00 Library, Dec. 31, 1898, all other depart­
ments, June 30, 1898.
45,000 7, 680. 00 Schools, Sept. 19, 1898; all other depart­
1837
ments for 13 months ending Feb. 28, 1899.
60, 000 40, 960. 00 Schools, July 31, 1898; ail other depart­
1887
ments, Feb. 18, 1899.
1855
50, 000 5, 500. 00 July 1, 1898.
42, 000 4, 747. 00 Schools, July 31, 1898; health department,
1864
Dec. 31, 1898; police department, Jan. 31,
1899; all other departments, Feb. 6 , 1899.
a Month and day of month not reported.
1836
1686
1840

40,000
ICO,000
125, 000

STATISTICS OF CITIES,

635

T able I .—POPULA.TION, A R E A , PERIOD COVERED, E T C .-C ontinued.
Cities.

Incor­ Estimated Area
porated. population,
Jan. 1,1899. (acres).

Dates of ending of years covered by inves­
tigation.

4,176.00 Schools, June 30, 1898; police and health
departments, Dec. 31, 1898; all other de­
i partments, Apr. 3, 1899.
67,000 3, 840. CO Police and health departments, Mar. 31,
Evansville, In d .................. 1817
1899; fire department, Apr. 9,1899: schools
and school fund items, July 31,1898; all
other departments, A ug. 31, 1898.
97,517 26,240.00 j Dec. 31,1898.
F all River, M a ss.............. 1854
50,000 3,200.00 Schools and library, A ug. 31,1898; all other
Fort W ayne, In d .............. 1840
departments, Jan. 1, 1890.
35,000 4,155.00 Schools, June 30, 1898, all other depart­
Fort Worth, T e x .............. 187»2
ments, Mar. 21,1899.
GO, 000 4,134. 00 Schools, June 30, 1898; all other depart­
Galveston, T e x .................. 1839
ments, Dec. 31, 1898.
30, 500 23,040.00 Police and charities departments, Nov. 30,
Gloucester, M a ss.............. 1874
1898;
fire and health departments, Dec.
1
31, 1898; all other departments, Dec. 21,
!
1898.
99,000 11 , 200.00 Schools, Sept. 27, 1808; health department,
Grand Rapids, M ich......... 1850
!
Dec. 31, 1898; all other departments,
Apr. 30, 1899.
|
50,000 3, 734.46 Schools, June 1, 1898; all other depart­
Harrisburg, P a .................. 1860
ments, Apr. 3, 1899.
77, 000 11,065.00 Schools, July 14, 1898; health department,
Hartford, C onn.................. 1784
Dec. 31, 1898; all other departments,
Mar. 31, 1899.
36,100 20.300.00 Dec. 31, 1898.
H averhill, M ass................ 1870
64,463
960.00 M ay 2, 1898.
Hoboken, N . J .................... 1855
44,982 10,464.00 Schools, July 1.1898; all other departments,
Holyoke, M ass.................... 1873
Nov. 30,1898.
60, 000 5, 760. 00 Police department, Apr 30, 1899; all other
Houston, T ex ...................... 1837
departments, Dee. 31,1898.
200,000 17, 792.00 Schools, June 30, 1899; all other depart­
Indianapolis, In d ...............1 1847
ments, Dec. 31,1898.
I
195,847 8,980.00 Nov. 30,1898.
Jersey City, N. J ................ 1852
31, 000 2,625.00 Police, fire, and health departments, Dec.
Johnstown, P a.....................' 1889
31, 1898; schools, June 6 , 1898; all other
departments, Apr. 3,1899.
30, 000 3, 010. 00 ' Library, M ay31,1899; all other departments,
Joliet, 111.............................. ! 1852
Apr. 30,1899.
48,000 9, 600.00 Schools, June30,1898; all other departments,
Kansas C ity.K ans............ . 1886
Mar. 31,1899.
200,000 16, 640. 00 H ealth department, Dec. 31, 1898; schools
Kansas City, M o................ 1850
and library, June 30, 1899; all other de­
partments, Apr. 17,1899.
40,000 2,600. 00 Schools, J u lv l, 1898; all other departments,
K noxville, T en n ................ 1 1810
Jan. 22,1899.
32, 000 5,196.80 Schools. Jun e30,1898; all other departments,
La Crosse, W is .................. 1856
Dec. 31,1898.
43,160 2, 560.00 Health department, I)cc. 31, 1898; schools,
Lancaster, P a ....................... 1818
J une 30,1898; all other departments, Feb.
28,1899.
Lawrence, M a ss................ 1853
57,263 4,435. CO Police department, Dec. 26, 1898; all other
departments, Dec. 31,1898.
60, 000 5,720.00 | Police department, J uiy 1,1899; fire depart­
Lincoln, X ebr...................... 1869
ment, J uly 17, 1899; health department,
schools, and library, June 30, 1899; all
other departments, Aug. 31.1898.
L ittle Rock, A r k .............. 1835
40,000 7,300. 00 Dec. 31,1898.
110,000 «27,774.49 Financial statem ents, Nov. 30, 1898; all
Los A ngeles, C a l.............. 1850
other departments, J une 30,1899.
225, 000 12 , 800.00 Schools, June 30,1808; sinking fund items,
Louisville, K y .................... 1828
Dec. 31,1898; all other departments, A ug.
31,1893.
Lowell, M a ss...................... j 1836
88,641 7,932.00 Police department, M ay 31, 1808; fire de­
partment,
Apr. 30,1898; schools, June 23,
1
1898; library, Dec. 20, 1898; all other de­
partments, Dec. 31,1898.
Lynn, M ass.......................... 1850
67, 099 7,248.00 Police and health departments, Dec. 31,1898;
schools, June 30, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Dec. 20,1898.
McKeesport, P a ................ 1 1890
32, 000 1 2 , 800.00 Police, fire, health, and charities depart­
1
ments, Dec. 31,1898; schools, June 6,1898;
all other departments, Apr. 3,1899.
Macon, G a............................ 1824
30,000 2,146.40 Dec. 16,1898.
Malden, M ass...................... 1882
32, 500 3,040.00 Dec. 31,1898.
M anchester, N . H .............. 1846
55,000 21,700.00 Schools, Jun e24,1898; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
a N ot including a park of 3,015 acres located outside the city lim its.
Erie, P a ................................




1851

60,000

636

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
T able I .—POPULATION, A R E A , PERIOD COVERED, ETC.—Continued.
Cities.

Estimated Area
Incor­ population.
porated. Jan,
1,1899. (acres).

D ates of ending of years covered by in ves­
tigation.
Schools, July 1,1898; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 31,1898.
Schools, June 30,1898; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
Mar. 15,1899.
Schools, July 1,1898; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 5,1898.
Schools, July 1,1898; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 31,1898.
Schools, June 30,1898; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 31,1898.
Police department and schools, June 30,
1899; all other departments, June 30,1898.
June 30,1898.
School attendance, June 23, 1899; library,
June 1 , 1899; all other departments, Dec.
31,1898.
Oct. 1,1898.
Mar. 20,1898.
H ealth department, Dec. 31, 1898; schohls,
July 1,1898; all other departments, Sept.
30,1898.
Schools, parks, and library, June 1,1899;
all other departments, Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 31,1898.
Health department and schools, Dec. 31,
1898; all other departments, Jan. 31,1899.
Police department, Feb. 28, 1899; all other
departments, Mar. 31,1899.
Schools, June30,1899; all other departments,
Dec. 31,1898.
Financial statements, Sept. 30,1898; schools,
June 30,1898; all other departments, Dec.
31,1898.
Schools, Jun e30,1899; all other departments,
Mar. 31,1899.
Schools, July 31,1899; all other departments,
Apr. 30,1899.
Health, police, and fire departments, Dec. 31,
1898; schools, Feb. 24, 1899; all other de­
partments, Apr. 3,1899.
Financial statements, Jan. 31,1899; schools,
July 31,1898; all other departments, Dec.
31,1898.
Streets, Dec. 28,1898; schools and library,
July 1 , 1898; ail other departments, Dec.
31,i898.
Schools, June, 1899; library, May 31, 1899;
all other departments, Dec. 31,1898.
Dec. 31,1898.
For 16 months ending June 30,1898.
Library, Apr. 30, 1898; schools, June 30,
1898 { fire alarms and fires, Dec. 31, 1898;
all other departments, Apr. 18,1898.
Schools and library, June 30, 1899; police,
fire, health, and street departments, and
charities, Dec. 31, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Apr. 10,1899.
Schools, June 30, 1899; all other depart­
m e n ts, Dec. 31, 1898,
Nov. 30,1898.
Schools, June 30, 1899; school fund items,
June 30,1898; all other departments, Dec.
31,1898.
(c)
June 30,1898.
Schools, J une 30,1898; all other depart­
ments, Dec. 31,1898.
Charities, library, fire, and health depart­
ments, Jan. 1,1899; schools, June 30,1898;
all other departments, Apr. 3,1899.

Memphis, Tenn..................
M ilwaukee, W is................
Minneapolis, M inn............
Mobile, A la ..........................
N ashville, T e n n ................
Newark, N. J ......................
N ew Bedford, M ass..........
N ew Haven, C onn............
N ew Orleans, L a................
Newport, K v ......................
N ew York, N. Y ................
Norfolk, V a..........................
Oakland, Cal........................
Omaha, N e b r ......................

1827
1846
1867
1814
1784
1837
1847
1784
1805
1818
1898
1845
1854
1857

75, 000
280, 000
225, 602
38, 000
90, 000
275, 000
56, 000
110 , 000
285, 000
31, 500
3,500,000
65, 000
75, 000
158,000

3, 400.00
13,440. 00
34,105. 60
3, 840. 00
7,136. 00
11,840. 00
12, 373. 00
15, 793. 00
125,600. 00
950.00
196, 900. 00
2, 240. 00
20, 480. 00
15, 680. 00

Oshkosh, W is ....................
Paterson, N. J ....................
Pawtucket, R, I ..................

1853
1851
1886

30,000
110,500
35, 000

5, 92Q. 00
5, 357. 00
5, 584. 00

Peoria, 111............................
Philadelphia, P a ................
Pittsburg, P a ......................
Portland, Me. (b) ................
Portland, O regon..............
Providence, R. I ................

1845
1701
1804
1832
1851
1832

52,000
1. 240 266
298, 772
41,500
92,413
166, 000

3, 290. 00
82, 933.12
al8,169. 60
1, 760. 00
25, 600. 00
13, 021. 00

Pueblo, C olo........................
Quincy, 111............................
Reading, P a ........................

1879
1840
1847

43,645
43, 000
76, 000

7, 500. 00.
4, 000. 00
3, 965. 00

Richmond, V a ....................

1737

105, 000

6 , 520. 00

Rochester, N. Y ..................

1834

175, 000 11,635. 00

Rockford, HI........................
Sacramento, Cal..................
Saginaw, M ich....................
St. J oseph, M o....................

1852
1850
1857
1851

33,000
34, 765
60, 000
75, 000

St. Louis, M o ......................

1822

623, 000 40, 000. 00

St. Paul, M in n ....................
Salem, M a ss........................
Salt Lake City, U tah........

1854
1836
1860

215, 582 35, 200. 00
36, 000 4, 600. 00
70,000 32, 896. 00

San Antonio, T ex.............. 1(c)
San Francisco, Cal............ 1850
Savannah, G a...................... 1798
Scranton, P a ........................ 1866

(c)
(c)
360, 000 27, 000.00
65, 000 3,264. 00
105, 000 12,198. 40

5,184. 00
2,920. 60
7,891.20
4, 503. 68

a N ot including water area not reported.
b N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.
cN ot reported.




STATISTICS OF CITIES.

637

T able I.—POPULATION, A R EA , PERIOD COVERED, ETC .-C oncluded.
Cities.

Estimated
Area
Incor­ population,
porated. Jan.
1,1899. (acres).

Seattle, W ash......................
Sioux City, Iow a................

1869
1857

Somerville, M ass................
South Lend, I n d ................
Spokane, W a sh ..................
Springfield, 111....................
Springfield, M a ss..............
Springfield, M o ..................
Springfield, Ohio................
Superior, W is......................
Syracuse, N. Y ....................
Tacoma, W ash....................
Taunton, M ass....................
Terre Haute, I n d ..............

1872
1865
1881
1840
1852
1855
1850
1889
1847
1883
1864
1853

Toledo, O hio........................

1837

Topeka, K ans...................... 1857
Trenton, N. J ...................... 1892
Troy, N. Y ............................ 1816
Utica, N. Y .......................... 1832
W ashington, D. C .............. 1791
W aterbary, Conn.............. 1853
W heeling, W. V a .............. 1806
W ilkesharre, P a ................

1871

W illiamsport, P a ..............
W ilmington, D el................

1866
1832

Worcester, M ass................ 1848
Yonkers, N. Y ........ ........... 1871
Youngstown, Ohio............

1868

10493—No. 24-----2




Dates of ending of years covered hy inves­
tigation.

75, 000 30,720.00 Schools, June 30, 1899; all other depart­
ments, Dec. 31,1898.
35, 000 30, 720. 00 Schools, June 7,1899; library, Jan. 1 , 1899;
health department, May l ‘l899; all other
departments, Mar. 31,1899.
60, 000 2, 700. 80 Schools, June 30, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Dec. 31,1898.
32,000 3, 827. 00 Schools and library, Aug, 1,1899; all other
departments, Dec. 31,1898.
45, 000 12, 960. 00 Health depaitment, Mar 31, 1899; all other
departments, June 30, 1899.
42, 000 3, 840. 00 Schools, June 30, 1899; all other depart­
ments, Feb. 28,1899.
57,676 24, 661. 30 Dec. 10,1898.
30, 000 3, 680. 00 June 30,1899.
40, 000 5, 600. 00 Schools, Aug. 31, 1898; all other depart­
ments, Mar. 2,1899.
35,000 24, 320. 00 Sept. 30,1898.
130, 000 9, 600. 00 Jan. 31,1899.
50, 000 18, 560. 00 Schools, June 30, 1899; all other depart­
ments, Dec. 31,1898.
30, 000 32, 000. 00 Nov. 30,1898.
40,000 ; 3, 500. 00 Police department, Feb. 28, 1899; fire department, April 30, 1899; health depart
ment, Mar. 31, 1899; schools and library,
July 31,1899: all other departments, Apr.
13,1899.
142, 000 18,260.00 Schools, Sept. 1,1898; fire department, Jan.
31, 1899; all other departments, Dec. 31,
1898.
35,000 3, 962. 00 Schools, June 30,1899; library, Dec. 31,1898;
all other departments, Mar. 31,1899.
73, 000 3,165. 50 Health department, June 30,1898; all other
departments, Feb. 28,1899.
67, 000 3, 368. 00 H ealth department, Dec. 31,1898; all other,
departments, Feb 28,1899.
60, 000 6 , 400. 00 Financial statements, Oct. 24,1898; all other
departments, Dec. 31,1898.
287, 462 44, 320. 00 June 30,1899.
41,000 2, 400. 00 Schools and financial statem ents, Nov. 30,
1898; all other departments, Dec. 31,1898.
i
38,000 ! 2, 050. 00 Library, Mar. 31, 1899; school fund items,
July 31,1898; all other departments, Dec.
31,1898.
50, 000 3,110. 00 Fire, health, and street departments, Jan. 1,
1899; schools, June 6 , 1898; all other de­
partments, Apr. 1,1899.
32, 000 3, 936. 00 Schools, June 6 , 1898; all other depart­
ments, Mar. 31,1899.
72, 000 6 , 519. 00 Water, Dec. 31,1898; streets and sewers,
Jan. 31,1899; all other departments, June
30,1898.
105,000 23, 040. 00 Nov. 30,1898.
45, 000 13, 440. 00 Health department and library, Dec. 31,
1898; schools, Sept. 30.1898, all other de­
partments, Feb. 28,1899.
52,052 6 , 060. 00 Schools, Sept. 1 , 1898; tire and police de­
partments, Dec. 31, 1898; health depart­
ment, Jan. 1,1899; all other departments,
Mar 15,1899.

638

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able II.—POLICE R ET A IL LIQUOR SALOONS, A N D ARRESTS A N D CONVICTIONS,
BY CAUSES.
Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.

Cities.

23
472 (a)
127
165
440 1,130 (a)
134
181
475 (a)
A llegheny, P a ........................
13
129 (a)
47
Allentown. P a ........................
19
48
Altoona, P a ..............................
637 (a)
177
105 3,696 (a)
Atlanta, Ga..............................
441
20
444
118
Auburn. N. Y ..........................
65
84 2, 650 (a)
Augusta, G a............................
850 2 , 221 9, 681 (a)
273
18
284
83
Bay City. M icb ......................
36
709 (a)
Binghamton, N. Y ................
162
32
Birmingham, A la ..................
62 1,500 (a)
799 26,157 (a)
Boston, M a ss.......................... 1,131
961
52
295
995
Bridgeport, C onn.......... ..
36
Brockton, M ass......................
31 1,329 (a)
665 1,458 9, 619 (cl)
Buffalo, N. Y ............................
502
42
140
541
Butte. M o n t............................
102
1, 758 (a)
946
85
182 1,012
Camden, N . J ..........................
29
566 (a)
142
Canton, Ohio............................
91
327 (a)
Charleston, S. C......................
34
Chattanooga, T enn................
924 (a)
70
27
440 (a)
Chicago, 111. (6 ) ...................... 3, 035 6,263 c42, 212 (a)
530 1,718 2,124 (a)
Cincinnati, O hio....................
345 1,690 7, 685 (a)
Cleveland, Ohio......................
115 * 485
Columbus, Ohio ....................
809 (a)
43
Covington, K y ........................
181
85
81
41
Dallas, T e x ..............................
714 (a)
64
30
Davenport, Iow a....................
23 (a)
139
75
Dayton, O h io ..........................
383 (a)
400
97
Deuver, Colo............................
334 1,054 1,080
45
D es M oines, Iow a..................
56 1,369 (a)
510
Detroit, M ich ..........................
935 1,939 1,779
39
Dubuque, Iowa (e ) ................
127
336 (a)
40
D uluth, M inn..........................
576
130
754
50
Elizabeth, N . J ......................
150
195
533
34
Elmira, N. Y ............................
204
597 (a)
36
Erie, P a ....................................
766
138
(a)
52
Evansville, I n d ......................
290
292 (a)
115
F all River, M ass....................
89 2, 386 2, 381
33
Fort W ayne, I n d ..................
226 (a)
157
19
Fort Worth, T ex....................
53
339 (a)
Galveston, T e x ......................
51
308
539 (a)
26
Gloucester, M a ss..................
28
616 (a)
Grand Rapids, M ich ............
98
150
880
886
Harrisburg, P a ......................
36
66 1,606
(a)
Hartford, C onn......................
174
219 2,460 (a)
35
Haverhill, M a s s....................
34
813
811
Hoboken, N .J ........................
91
358
457
457
46
Holyoke, M ass........................
40
69.0
657
Houston, T e x ..........................
39
876 (a)
81
Indianapolis, I n d ..................
131
513 1,351 (a)
Jersey City, N .J ....................
325 1,050 2, 905 2,905
Johnstown, P a........................
20
303 (a)
57
Joliet, 111 ..................................
30
85
988 (a)
Kansas City, K ans................
46
389 (<z)
175
Kansas Citv. M o....................
430 1,114 (a)
K noxville, T en n ....................
27
375 (a)
60
21
La Crosse, W is ......................
159
315
167
Lancaster, P a ..........................
21
525 (a)
78
Lawrence, M ass......................
51
54 1,471 1,441
Lincoln, N ebr..........................
16
41
349 (a)
L ittle Rock, A rk ....................
45
55
912 (a)
Los Angeles, Cal....................
84
200 1,806 1,690
Louisville, K y ..............? ....
325
850 1,339 (a)
Lowell, M ass............................
102
80 3,082 3, 076
Lynn. M a ss..............................
66
62 2,935 (a)
McKeesport, P a ......................
31
45 (a)
(a)
Macon, G a ................................
52
53
908 (a)
Malden, M a ss..........................
28
419 (cl)
Manchester, N. I I ..................
43
1,456 1,452
Memphis, T en n ......................
61
127
927 (CL)
, M ilwaukee, W is....................
304 1,726 1,969 1,864
a Not reported.
b Not including data relating to sanitary district
c Including arrests for disturbing the peace.

1 Akron, Ohio .............................
2 Albany. N. Y ..........................

3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
S3
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74

L i­ Drunkenness. Disturbing the A ssau lt and
peace.
battery.
Police­ censed
retail
men. liquor A r­ Convic­ A r­
A
r­
Convic­
saloons. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. Convic­
tions.




118 (a)
504 (a)
1,449 (a)
133 (a)
99 (a)
5,850 (a)
129
147
714 (a)
5, 245 (cl)
40
24
39 (a)
500 (a)
149 (a)
86
153
(a)
68
4, 764 (a)
505
537
305 (d)
370
467
19 (a)
398 (a)
1,086 1 (a)
14 (\u/
d)
(a)
<d>
1,295 (a)
767 (a)
463 (a)
98
129
160 (a)
228 (a)
258 (a)
832
848
289 (a)
1,188 1,039
37 (a)
29
39
350
200
53 (a)
32 (a)
40 (a)
334
427
140 (a)
531 (a)
21
(a)
233
255
474 (a)
334 (a)
9
9
501
480
9
8
771 (a)
63 (a)
275
270
653 (a)
251 (a)
502 (rt)
2, 436 (a)
150 (a)
198
135
(a)
111
131
122
27 (a)
• 608 (a)
472
268
154 (a)
43
40
4 («•)
(a)
(a)
935 (a)
( n\
34 \a)
4
4
296 (a)
1,372 1,315
of Chicago.

118
237
47
7
30
32
3
4, 282
85
91
900
2, 703
453
109
903
241
183
73
60
210
123
92
6,429
491
718
241
167
125
201
329
156
553
30
123
100
70
132
311
365
54
12
284
104
69
71
228
200
18
150
369
1,595
1,301
95
101
196
110

27
214
75
22
198
33
202
224

(a)

12

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
25
(a)
(a)
49
(a)
(a)
(a)
397
(a)
(a)
148
(d)
27
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
224
(a)
304
(a)

70
16

(a)
(a)
(a)
288
(cl)
(a)
(a)
(a)
55
(a)
(a)
171
18
131

(a)
(a)

1, 250

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
192
(a)
(a)
104
(a)
178
(a)
(a)
(Cl)

42 \a )
64
45
396 (a)
455 1 380

639

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T able II.—POLICE, R ET A IL LIQUOR SALOONS, A N D ARRESTS A N D CONVICTIONS,
B Y CAUSES.
Housebreak­
A ll other of­ Total offenses.
Larceny.
Maring.
fenses.
ginal
num
­
ArConvieA
r­
Con
vieAr
Con
vieA
r­
Convic­
Convic­
A
r­
ArConvic­
rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. ber.
Homicide.

(a)
(a)
(a)

2
1
1

19

.........

6

32

(a)
(a)
(a)

1
8

(a)

(a)

7
io
14

i
(a)
(a)

1

13
5
40
23
5

2
1
1
12
2
1
2
2
1

9

Vagrancy.

1

(a)

(a)

(a)
(a)
(Cl)

(a)

(a)
(a)

1

3
2

(a)

2

(a)
(a)
(a)

4
............5 11 (a)
17 (a)
2
2
1
17
10

16

(a)
2

(Cl)
(a)

16

18 i ia)
10 i (a)
1 \ (a)

51
| <a) ,1
2

10 1 (a)

2

{a) | (a)
5 (a)
1
6

18

(a)

1
6

433
138
152
90
29
1, 641
76
9
314
41
28
250
529
81
30
3, 779
838
36
64
190
79
518
1,611
142
463
45
876
147
109
1,248
384
171
221
111

15
83
264
27
27
134
329
188
18
24
25
244
8
61
37
827
1,044
560
24
91
443
963
50
134
37
17
510
119
376
232
*23

!
i
j
!
|
;
20 j
(a)
126 \
3j
3\
361 ;
255 ,

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
71
(a)
(a)
39
(a)
(a)

'65
(a)
695
(a)

54

(a)
(ci)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
45
(a)
(a)
(a)
1,175
(a)
155
(a)

74
8

4

111
6

32
189
13
2
250
634
38
24
332
50
62
30
18
23
90
1,730
16
121
29
8
39
8
5
172
55
71
3

73

256
(a)
85
(a)
5
(a)
41
398
(a)
1
49
235
(a)
(a) 5 2,802
114
(a)
88
600
(a)
(a)
2 445
26
191
78
(a)
(a)
1. 651
5 205
193
(a)
20

95
37

272
(a)
259
(a)
70
(a)
7,515
(a)
772
(a)
926
(a)
315
(a)
71
7
214
(a)
73
(a)
222
(a)
53 405
191
(a)
707
71
52
(a)
4

300
(a)
485
(a)
656
(ci)
58
(a)
250
(a)
2,562
(a)
30
82
1,047
(a)
9. 352
(a)
496
61
151
(a)
3, 744
(a)
9,199
(a)
421
163
374
(ci)
(a)
3,431
158 2, 334
647
(a)
35
50
243
(a)
1, 348
(ci)
1,658
(a)
343
(a)
19,642
(a)
6,383
(a)
4,088
(a)
2, 009
(a)
62 1, 095
(a)
1,255
417
(a)
(a)
3, 237
329 3, 409
(a)
1,714
685 2, 566
45
(a)

142
83
438
40
14
93
132 (a)
322
90 (a)
742
220
(a)
719
205
178
667
37 (a)
670
193 (a)
559
78 (a)
1,659
37 (a)
168
146
138
392
127 (a)
355
296 (a)
504
11
6
112
108
329
61
9 174
153 1,745
37 1 11 i
8
73
62
157
(a)
68 1 (a)
218 (a)
1,870
(a)
94 \ (a)
704 (a)
2, 533
450 170 l 100
488 1, S04
648
113
(a)
14 I (a)
(a)
24 (a)
548
36 ! (ci)
(a)
159 (a)
1,257
108 (a)
(a)
698 (a)
7, 833
(a)
105 (a)
300 (a)
1,250
8
7
64
74
409
44
(a)
11
(a)
70 (a)
2, 520
17
23
22
183
163
578
23 (a)
90 (a)
643
(a)
19 (a)
190 (a)
2,506
(ci)
316
75
33 229
141
913
168 (a)
360 (a)
4, 984
(«)
23
77 j
74: 201
183
772
52 (a)
27 (a)
960
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
32 (a)
138 (a)
(a)
1, 437
12 | W
(a)
74 (a)
340
27
j
25
94
89
788
^
(a)
8 1 (a)
301 (a)
2,175
2 47
77 1 67 279
246
853
d Included in arrests for drunkenness.
e Data are for 13 months.
85
15

(a)
(a)
(a)
27
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
22
(a)
(a)




6
12

14
29
9
81
11
27
36
16
1
4
40
12
9

6

(a)
(a)
(a)
78
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a) 1
(a)
(a)

(a)
(a)
(ci)
(a)
(a)
(a)
76
(a)
(a)
407
(a)
(a)
(a)
331
(a)
(a)
1,843
(a)
20
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
1,047
ia)
(a)
(a)
676
(a)
497
(a)

301
30

(a)
(a)
(a)
454
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
322
(a)
(a)

303
1,603
119

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a) 0
383
(a)
491
(a)
(a)
541
(a)
602
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
776
(a)

1, 450

678

1,516 (a)
2. 825 (a)
2, 873 (a)
415 (a)
1,067 (a)
14, 307 (a)
836
773
4, 696 (a)
31,897 16, 389
858
1, 073
1,119 (a)
7,752 (a)
41, 816 (a)
2,339 2, 030
2 , 012 1,878
24,489 (a)
4, 760 3,856
3.185 (a)
1, 776 1, 487
’ 925 (a)
2, 776 (a)
4,157 (a)
1,049 (a)
78, 086 (a)
12, 715 4, 815
14,452 (a)
4, 331 2,816
1,434 1,341
3, 434 (a)
1,022
(a)
4, 415 2, 645
7,477 4^ 372
4,158 (a)
7,197 4,532
725 (a)
1, 613 1,148
li 145
’433
1,273 (a)
2, 056 (a)
1,622 . (a)
4, 158 3 740
l 1,132 (a)
1,604 (a)
3, 332 (a)
980 (a)
1 773 1, 651
2' 664 (a)
4,106 (ci)
1, 483 1 419
2, 967 2, 783
1 , 128 1,022
5, 016 (a)
7,394 (a)
7, 679 6 , 927
(cl\
1, 093 \U)
2* Oil (a)
2, 887 (a)
13, 366 (a)
2, 350 (a)
1,138
800
3’ 302 (a)
2, 617 2 448
11717 (a)
4, 378 (a)
4, 074 3, 094
7, 280 (a)
4,402 4,177
4, 222 (a)
(a)
(a)
3, 593 (a)
924 (a)
2,437 2, 395
4,482 , (a)
5, 266 4,803

1
2

3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
53
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74

640

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able I I .—POLICE, R ET A IL LIQUOR SALOONS, A N D A RR ESTS A N D CONVICTIONS,
BY CAUSES—Concluded.

M ar­
ginal
num­
ber.
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
• 94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102

103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112

113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122

123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Cities.

Li­ Drunkenness. Disturbing the A ssau lt and
peace.
battery.
Police­ censed
retail
men. liquor A r­ Convic­ Ar­ Convic­ A r­ Convic­
saloons. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions.

195
340 1, 555 1,518
Minneapolis, M inn................
278
245
55
Mobile, A la ..............................
124
929 {a)
687 ( a)
91
N ashville, Tenn......................
105 1,034 (a)
987 (a)
306 1, 275 2, 015 1,682 1, 748 1, 293
Newark, N. J ..........................
95
51 1,090 (a)
N ew Bedford, M ass..............
171 (a)
165
N ew Haven, Conn..................
1, 094 (a)
420 3, 266 (a)
309 1,364 5,034 (a)
N ew Orleans, L a....................
4, 927 (a)
24
Newport, K y ............................
100
263 (a)
41 (a)
N ew York, N Y .................... 7, 436 11, 938 46,170 (a) 30, 265 (a)
69
Norfolk, V a..............................
526 (a)
117 1, 793 (a)
68
Oakland, Cal ..........................
66
194 1, 354 1,336
187
124
253 b 1, 953 (a)
Omaha, N e b r ..........................
(a)
(c)
14
120
Qshkosh, W is..........................
182
24
128
2
104
Paterson, N. J ........................
519 1,083 (a)
1, 038 (a)
45
751
750
149
Paw tucket, R. I ......................
129
148
62
190
653 (a)
260 (a)
Peoria, 111..................................
943 (a)
Philadelphia, P a .................... 2, 295 1,691
8 , 344
(a)
436
Pittsburg, P a ..........................
522 3,893 (a)
6 , 259
(a)
45
470
1,170 1,161
58
254 1 , 220 1,144
12 L
290
426 5, 235 (a)
340 (a)
Providence, R. I ......................
24
306
78
557
537
253
Pueblo, C olo ............................
31
139
164 (a)
223 {cl)
51
219 (a)
174
279 (a)
Reading, P a ..............................
100
325 1, 205 (a)
466 (a)
Richmond, V a ........................
182
554
862
717
Rochester, N. Y ......................
45
77
17
252 (a)
221
Rockford, 111............................
39
(a)
20
325
182
804
100
Sacramento, Cal......................
62
40
554
526
147
153
Saginaw, Mich, ( e ) ................
149
52
122
731 (a)
428 {a )
St. Joseph, Mo .........................
976 2, 032 3, 649 (a)
6 , 999
St. Louis, M o ..........................
(a)
176
730
286 1,168
548
St. Paul, M in n ........................
127
Salem, M a s s ................ _.........
6
38
270 (a)
(a)
32
684
613
102
86
Salt Lake City, U ta h ..........
71
(a)
(a)
(a)
San Antonio, T ex .................. (a)
(a)
(a)
557 3, 032 12, 390 12,183 2,009
San Francisco, Cal................
611
112
742 (a)
1 , 068 (a)
Savannah, Ga..........................
227
54
925 (a)
Scranton, P a ............................
176
329 (a)
65
Seattle, W ash..........................
140
987 (a)
572 (a )
23
474 (a)
Sioux City. Iow a....................
298 (a)
63
46
823 {a)
Somerville, M a s s ..................
17 (a)
25
511
411
6
South Bend, I n d ....................
117
9
26
100 1,228 1,172
Spokane, W a sh ......................
313
202
490
440
143
Springfield, 111........................ (a)
524
698
54
Springfield, M a s s..................
47 1,431 1,415
68
78
490 (a)
11
Springfield, M o ......................
20
7 (a)
160
150
29
Springfield, Ohio.....................
136
210
250
23
750
Superior, W is..........................
634
108
39
37
79
Syracuse, N. Y ........................
400 1,348 1,348
541
541
640
31
Tacoma, W ash........................
76
582
92
81
33
941
939
Taunton, M ass........................
27
9
7
744 (a)
161
39
116 (a)
Terre Haute, I n d ..................
114
426 (a)
Toledo, O hio............................
676
389 (a)
26
376 (a)
191 (a)
Topeka, H ans..........................
196
123 1,183
80
796
Trenton, N. J ..........................
284
465
97
526 (a)
Troy, N. Y .................... - .........
247
(a)
28
765
252
691
36
U tica, N . Y ..............................
8
545
513 3,136
5, 957 5, 373
W ashington, D. C ..................
34
741
501
158
W aterbury, Cc^m..................
189
208
354
33
335
W heeling, W. V a ..................
127
378
344
39
399 (a)
Wilkesbarre, P a....................
150
474 (a)
16
52
109 (a)
214 {a)
W illiam sport, P a ..................
842
76
670
184 1,267
W ilm ington, D el....................
708
101
125
98 3, 040 3, 016
W orcester, M ass....................
71
40
205
328 (a)
54 (a)
Yonkers, N. Y ........................
28
183 1,265 (a)
855 (a)
Youngstown, Ohio................
a N ot reported.
&Including arrests for disturbing tbe peace.
e Included in arrests for drunkenness.
dN ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland Eebruary 6,1899.




269
105
955
543
158
7
1, 353
4
8 , 526
1, 445
170
86
19
176
84
192
3,427
62
99
319
221
150
9
16
1 , 060
338
37
88
193
20
523
257
62
80
{a)
1,419
380
45
131
25
116
61
71
183
65
10
80
14
162
60
63
188
120
57
98
173
207
2 , 822
97
38
136
7
314
219
212
49

158

{a)
{a)

442
(a)
(a)
(a)
{a)
(a)
{a)
62
(a) •
13
{a)
79

{a)
(a)
{a)

80
116

(a)
90
{a)
{a)

(a)
101
(a)
48
89
(a)

{a)
57
{cl)
77
{a)
447
{a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
{a)

40
30
150
57
(a)
65
13
162
51
59

{a)
(a)
{ct)

57
(a)
62
2,178
83
36
{a)
{a)

157
182

{CL)
(a)

641

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T able II .—POLICE, R ET A IL LIQUOR SALOONS, A N D ARRESTS A N D CONVICTIONS,
B Y C A U SE S-C oncluded.
Housebreak­
A ll other of­ Total otfenses.
Larceny.
Mar­
ing.
fenses.
ginal
Ar- Convic- Ar- Convic- Ar- Convic- A r­ Convic­ A r­ Convic­ A r­ Convic­ num­
rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. rests. tions. ber.
Vagrancy.

Homicide.

2

2

5
18
13

(a)
(a)

2

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
2
(a)

57
331
6
3
4
1
1

12

(a)

3
31
15

(a)
(a)
(a)

4
3

(a)

2
1

9
10
2

36
3

2
2

(a)
(a)
(a)

7
1
3

2
2
(a)
8
(a)
(a)
(a)

5

3

(a)
48

2
1
2

3

(a)

1
2

2
1

3
1
1
2
21

4
1
7
2
1
1

(a)
(a)
(a)
g 18

(a)
(a)
(a)

4
1

659
10
644
182
16
316
1,428
67
7, 659
488
98
808
40
52
80
112
6,118
1,523
55
142
108
255
131
67
190
180
167
406
88
570
1,603
510
1
324
(a)
3, 375
155
158
299
463
24
28
/ 825
36
73
20 |
13 1
326
726
2-44
16
1, 550
99
136
118
82
276
2, 289
60
168
166
41
91
82
74
167

543

(a)
(a)

170

68
27
10

138
27

82
(a)
41
(a)
3
1,392
(a)
79
(a)
76
26
92
(a)
16
10
3
(a)
12
79
30
(a)
140
(a)
3
(a)
48

66

(a)

253

(a)
(a)
153
(a)

320
73

(a)
(a)
167
(a)
267
(a)
1, 944
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
2

/3 6
36
73

(a)

12

311
726
208
16

(a)
(a)
(a)
96
(a)

247
54
156
(«)
(a)
85
82

1, 881

(a)
(a)

17
50
58
47

42

(a)
(a)

119

(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)

(a)
8
(«)
4
(a)
10
(a)
(a)
(a)

17
7

(a)
10
12
(a)
16 (a)
60
38
7 (a)
16
8
18
17
81 (a)
462 {a)
29 '
17
9 (a)
16
27
(a) ! («)
76
309
85 (a)
27 j (a)
28 (a)
15 (a)
41 (a)

16 !1 10
44
19
40
35
26
28
20
(a)
19
16
11
3
20
20
17
9
21
20
7 (a)
40 (a)
19 (a)
38
24
64 (a)
26
18
131 g ioi
23
6
4 (a)
9 (a)
6
5
84
77
(a)
20
3 (a)

418
322
97 (a)
297 (a)
359
303
113 (a)
389 (a)
762 (a)
21
(a)
8 , 743
(a)
622 (a)
65
109
394 (a)
6
5
105 (a)
48
47
198 (a)
3,316 (a)
145 (a)
187
170
335
83
474 (a)
204
123
15 (a)
51 (a)
489 (a)
390
191
23 | (a)
89
71
205
81
103 (a)
1,353 (a)
133
347
37 (a)
96
142
(a)
(a)
984
569
408 (a)
93
326 (a)
(a)
128 (a)
74 (a)
98
21
176
83
122
99
104
92
108 (a)
121
100
61
51
492
485
69 j
57
41 1 33
106 1 (a)
280 | (a)
187 : (a)
134 !
88
190 1 (a)
170
84
1,806 h 1,090
81
56
4
4
75 (a)
49 (a)
320
200
173
141
145 (a)
97 {a )

1,536
1, 831
1,984
l, 270
277
1,572
7,745
112
38, 659
2, 434
696
5,714
48
423
254
936
40, 588
5, 857
518
1,074
1,686
579
106
462
1,182
532
199
646
469
1,044
11, 689
1,224
162
1,117
(a)
7,479
3, 081
434
4, 630
\ 114
271
384
1, 189
1, 246
543
429
887
594
223
758
178
661
2,078
743
824
172
399
9, 761
358
505
420
234
907
709
440
989

1,321

4,785

(a)
3, 691
(a)
5, 929
819 6 , 268
(a)
1, 852
(a)
6 , 728
(a) 21,347
(a)
511
(a) 141, 745
(a)
7,393

443
(a)
36
(a)
182
(a)
(a)
(a)

500
313

(a)
404
(a)
(a)
(a)
241
1 W

367
194

(a)
(a)
447
(a)
051
(a)
7, 070
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)

144
1, 064
950
538
(a)
419
466
220
616
166
(a)

I! («0
; (a)
51
(a)
163
5, 405
284
499
(a)
(a)
737
644
(a)
(a)

4,151
(a)
(a)
4, 840
1, 770
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
2, 058
(a)
196
(a)
1, 295
(a)
(a)
(a)

2, 643
9, 051
330
2,881
1, 378
2, 384
62, 907
17, 757
2, 518 1, 978
3, 262 1,729
8,126 (a)
2,101 1, 672
660 (a)
1, 094 (a)
4, 617 (a)
2, 439 1, 486
906 (a)
2,159 1 , 201
1 , 680 1,129
2, 979 2, 497
26,314 (a)
4, 086 1,680
547 (a)
2,476 2 , 208
(a)
(a)
28, 013 22, 908
5, 921 (a)
2 , 012
(a)
6 , 976
(a)
1,517 (ct)
1, 366 (ci)
639
b 112
3, 848 2 , 606
2, 815 2, 234
2, 323 2, 270
1 , 086 (a)
1,533
974
1, 795 1, 515
3, 514 3, 502
1,881 1,604
1, 269 1, 240
3, 375 (a)
3, 432 (a)
1,710 (a)
2, 592 1,235
1,674 (a)
1, 879 1, 273
25, 923 16, 046
1,572 1,173
1,447 1, 374
1,674 (a)
664 (a)
3, 620 2, 700
4, 410 4, 214
1,274 (a)
3, 426 (a)

rData are for 16 months.
/P erso n s arrested for vagrancy are ordered out of city without trial except when demanded.
g Held for higher court.
/^Including 90 held for higher court.




75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

100
101
102

103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112

113
114
115
116
117
118
119

120
121
122

123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
lBLE

arnal
lin­
er.

III.—FIREMEN, FIRE EQUIPMENT, AND PROPERTY LOSS FROM FIT
Firemen.
Cities.

R egu­
lars.

Call Y olunmen. teers.

Equipment.
Fire engines.
Steam. Hand.

28
1 Akron, O hio..............
122
2 Albany, N. Y ............
A
llegheny,
P
a
..........
108
a
742
22
4 Allentown, P a ...........
5 Altoona, P a ................
21
6 Atlanta, Ga................
105
7 Auburn, N. Y ............
24
8 Augusta, G a..............
59
a 286 1
9 Baltimore, M d ..........
397
2
14
10 Bay City, M ich ........
511
3
17
11 Binghamton, N. Y ..
12 Birmingham, A la . . .
3
28
13 Boston, M a ss............
53
660
14 Bridgeport, Conn - ..
24
36
15 Brockton, M ass........
l
16 Buffalo, N. Y ..............
426
e 29
17 Butte, M o n t..............
18
49
18 Cambridge, Mass . . .
19 Camden, N. J ............
44
20 Canton, Ohio..............
24
2
21 Charleston, S. C........
46
10
39
22 Chattanooga, T en n .
5
23 Chelsea, M a ss...........
3
18
24 Chicago, 111................
1, 067
292
25 Cincinnati, O hio___
340
31
26 Cleveland, Ohi >.----390
25
165
27 Columbus, Ohio........
13
28 Covington, K y .. 1 ...
33
3
29 Dallas, T e x ................
4
42
30
30 Davenport, Iow a ...
1
76
31 Dayton, O h io............
4
100
115
32 Denver, Colo..............
7
33 Des Moines, Iow a.._
64
*24'
34 Detroit, M ich ............
355
35 Dubuque, Io w a ........
36
3
36 Duluth, M inn............
4
70
37 Elizabeth, N. J ..........
448
9
7
6
39
38 Elmira, N. Y ..............
6
39 Erie, P a ......................
34
40 Evansville, I n d ........
5
63
41 F all River, M ass----6
71
42 Fort W ayne, Ind . . .
44
43 Fort W orth, T ex----42
38 .!i
44 Galveston, T e x ........
63
4
45 Gloucester, Mass . . .
22
51
46 Grand Rapids, M ich
127
500
47 Harrisburg, P a ........
9
7 j:
42
48 Hartford, C on n ........
10 j.
49 Haverhill, M a ss----23
5 i.
50 Hoboken, N. J ............
49
5
106
51 H olyoke, M ass..........
33
6 !52 Houston, T ex ............
55
4 !" ’ *9
53 Indianapolis, I n d ...
157
e 9 !.
54 Jersey City, N. J ___
163
!? !•
55 Johnstown, P a ..........
700
56 Joliet, 111....................
2 .
27
57 Kansas City, K an s..
43
1 .
58 K ansas City, M o----178
8 .
59 K noxville, T en n ----24
2 .
60 La Crosse, W is..........
45
2 .
61 Lancaster, P a ............
12
6 !.
62 Lawrence, M a ss----29
6 .
63 Lincoln, N ebr............
28
3
a A Iso 2 water towers,
&N ot reported.
c N ot including 15,544 feet in storehouses.
d A Iso 121 reservoirs.
e A Iso 1 water tower.
/ A Iso 70 hand extinguishers.
icluding 1 combination chemical engine and hose wagon,
h N ot including 1 combination chemical engine and hose wagon,
i l i i winter, 18 in summer.
jN ot including 5 chemical engines combined w ith hook and ladder trucks, and 11 cheinic
tin£
uishers.
k N ot including 23 liose wagons combined w ith chemical and steam engines and ladder tru
l I i icluding 4 combination chemical engines a nd hose wagons.



STATISTICS OF CITIES,

643

T able III.—FIREMEN, FIRE EQUIPMENT, A X D PROPERTY LOSS 17ROM FIRES.
Hook
Fire and
boats. ladder
trucks.
1

4
4

1
2
2

____
5

1
2
3
1
2
15
2
2
1
22
2
3
10
1
3
2
2
3
1
1

30
14
10
5
1
2
2
2

1
2

• 1

4
3
13
2
4

2
1
1
2
4
2
2
2

3
3
1
3
2
2

3
2
5
6
o1

r1
t6

1

3
1
3

Equipment.
Hose
Fire
Feet reels Feet of Fire
hy­ Horses. alarms.
and
of
hose.
drants.
ladders. hose
wagons
144
1,146
726
276
414
621
228
162
2 , 682
309
(b)
279
8,575
677
750
3,100
140
1,000
140
255
544
219
550
(b)
3,150
2 , 000
1,215
300
374
450
1,200
1, 100
467
2,713
480
1,000
474
531
416
1,000
1,308
502
409
540
810
370
175
600
740
550
654
602
771
1,070
r 195
180
290
458
177
443
285
683
373

4
4
5
5
8
4
5
42

10

6
6

4
48
6
5
35
3
7
4
5
10
3
hi
k 73
37
25
13
5
7
7
13
18
5
24
hi

10
6

o1

7
9

10
8

5
7
5

10
6
10

7
4
7
7
21
15
r 14
5
(*)
u 19
3
5
5
w4

340
5. 200
15, 050
787
28, 000 1,696
9. 350
301
8,000
410
18,000 1,085
396
6 , 500
4, 400
508
72,225 2,113
13, 750
405
6,500
662
8,000
246
c 94, 886 d 7,065
15, 000
498
11,500
577
86 , 530 4,465
5, 200
366
14,200
922
695
8 , 750
4, 500
308
10, 698
500
7, 700
197
10,050
238
195, 809 18,311
56, 000 3, 550
42,000 6 , 000
27,000 1 , 280
5, 000
320
6 , 300
392
10 , 000
530
23,000 1,097
17,500 2, 504
12,690
950
59,575 3, 359
7,150
338
474
21, 350
4, 500
295
8 , 500
394
16,600
543
12 , 000
620
23, 000
912
16, 000
687
5, 500
471
10,000
450
13, 700
184
25, 060 1,193
8 , 000
573
20,000
850
15,127
315
6 , 852
238
20, 350 p 486
525
12. 150
29, 570 1,649
27, 929 2,130
8 , 500
73
7, 200
254
10,000
327
28, 200 1,787
7, 000
242
13,100
369
4, 800
513
14, 000
567
8,900
460

22

55
67
24
19
35
12
25
181
23
19
15
335
36
35
220
7
35
19
16
30
21
i 23
475
173
149
86
14
33
15
33
65
33
185
19
44
22
19
36
34
51
40
29
32
26
56
25
42
26
17
31
38
93
66
r 24
18
22
77
12
24
14
30
19

158
542
314
35
197
438
65
161
1,373
184
129
2L5
1,980
159
222
832
153
209
128
99
121
220
122

6 , 581

928
1,182
425
124
288
127
323
430
309
904
m 134
234
66
180
155
219
(b)
149
161
225
56
412
51
146
104
137
173
226
704
430
32
100
192
974
89
179
52
144

Fires.

130
542
206
32
126
390
59
153
1, 298
111
122

215
1,699
155
165
775
138
184
72
96
110
215
118
5. 048
'921
1,160
329
43
282
117
316
400
30 L
828
m l34
232
66
176
145
124
100
147
150
200
56
401
38
139
91
137
166
q 279
674
420
27
93
186
950
88
175
35
140
103

Property
loss.
$136, 505. 00
74, 844. 32
96, 065. 00
136, 100. 00
21, 574. 00
89,153. 00
23,160.17
125, 285. 81
878, 592. 46
74, 000. 00
60, 968. 25
12, 243. 48
1, 441, 261. 00
91, 325.18
34, 665. 47
537, 371. 36
17, 732. 00
255,187. 55
80, 697. 49
48, 000. 00
32, 484. 67
29, 258. 25
23, 500. 00
2, 651,735. 00
452, 804. 67
717,975.85
64, 992. 48
25, 783. 70
377, 531. 92
72, 056. 00
79, 852. 78
80, 000 . 00
128, 322. 00
801, 003. 00
(b)
130, 021. 00
37, 165.15
77, 241. 81
30,161. 39
87, 706. 55
62, 000 . 00
22, 904. 00
45, 255.10
48, 000. 00
58,192. 03
123,162. 60
32, 862. 96
51,000. 00
185, 090. 30
519, 007. 33
38, 055. 66
157, 383. 38
140, 273. 94
205, 637. 00
6 , 714. 00
71, 537. 73
61,149. 00
530, 888.17
16, 917. 84
112 , 211 . 06
23,421.13
26. 501. 00
22,156. 00

Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.
1
2

3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
38
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
59
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63

2
h2
120
m For 13 months.
n Combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
o Not including 4 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
p Not including 209 private fire hydrants.
q Number of buildings.
r Owned by volunteer fire companies.
s Included in chemical engines.
t Not including 2 combination hose wagons and ladder trucks.
u N ot including 2 combination chemical engines and hose wagons, but including 2 combination
hose wagons and ladder trucks.
v Including 2 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
w Not including 2 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.




BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,
III.—FIREMEN, FIRE EQUIPMENT, AND PROPERTY LOSS FROM FIRES—Cont’d.
aarinal
um>er.
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125

Firemen.
Cities.

Equipment.
Fi re enginees.

R egu­ Call Volun­
lars. men. teers. Steam. Hand. Chem­
ical.

L ittle Rock, A rk ....
27
2
4
Los Angeles, Cal----8
65
26
Louisville, K y ...........
188
17
Lowell, M ass..............
74
6
101
7
Lynn, Mass ................
56
105
McKeesport, P a........
26
Macon, G a ..................
48
2
4
Malden, M ass..............
20
2
40
Manchester, N. H . . .
33
50
6
127
Memphis, T en n ........
.
63
5
M ilwaukee, W is ----336
18
Minneapolis, M in n ..
275
d 20
Mobile, A la................ .
3
24
c
N ashville, T en n -----8
80
Newark, N. J ............ .
16
202
1
8
N ew Bedford, M ass..
44
178
N ew Haven, Conn ..
112
11
New Orleans, L a-----302
27
Newport, K y ............ .
12
N ew York, N. Y ____
2, 248
3, 498 h 145
83
2
4
Norfolk, V a................
50
7
Oakland, Cal..............
36
68
Omaha, N ebr..............
d4
110
Oshkosh, W is............
29
3
Paterson, N. J .......... .
102
9
Paw tucket, R. I ........
3
36
25
1
3
Peoria, 111...................
54
65
Philadelphia, P a ____
736
d 46
Pittsburg, P a ............
371
29
Portland, Me. (1) ........
33
30
114
7
1
Portland, Oregon .. 58
280
10
73
Providence, R. I ........
d9
238
14
1
Pueblo, C olo...............
22
Quincy, 111.................. .
5
27
13
Reading, P a ..............
26
10
1,762
Richmond, Y a ..........
9
70
62
Rochester, N. Y ........ .
8
192
3
Rockford, 111..............
28
Sacramento, Cal........
4
19
36
1
Saginaw, M ich..........
29
11
St. Joseph, M o ..........
2
52
St. Louis, M o..............
501
46
St. Paul, M in n ..........
195
13
Salem, M a ss..............
3
16
91
2
Salt Lake City, Utah
26
San Antonio, T ex ---(r)
(r)
■ (r)
(r)
(r)
San Francisco, Cal ...
172
u 46
397
7
Savannah, G a..............
78
10
5
Scranton, P a ..............
29
16
500
5
Seattle, W ash............
71
10
1
Sioux City, Iow a___
27
3
Somerville, M ass-----29
76
South Bend, I n d ___
34
15
Spokaue, W a s h ........
58
3
i
45
Springfield, 111..........
4
Springfield, M ass .. .
53
120
06
Springfield, M o ........
15
2
29
Springfield. Ohio-----3
2
40
Superior, W is.............
Syracuse, N. Y ..........
110
d9
43
Tacoma, W a sh ..........
6
13
Taunton, M ass..........
48
3
95
a Also 670 cisterns.
6 Including 1 combination chemical engine and hose wagon.
c N ot including 1 combination chemical engine and hose wagon.
d A lso 1 water tower.
e Including 2 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
/N o t including 2 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
g A lso 211 fire wells.
h A lso 4 water towers.
i Also 16 hand extinguishers.
j Combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
jtNot including 5 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
I Not including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6 , 1899.
m Also 12 hand extinguishers.
n A lso 3 hand reels.




1
5
1
2

4
1

63
1
3
8
9
3
3
1
e3
12
6
2

3

i2
1

J 25
5

4
1
4
j5

m1

2

o5
3
2
j 3
1
1

t 25

4

G)

1
1

v9
3
66
3
3

w2

2
2
2

5
2
2

e3
3
661

645

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T able I I I.—FIR EM EN , F IR E EQUIPM ENT, A N D PRO PERTY LOSS FROM F IR E S -C u n t’d.
Equipment.
Hook Feet
Fire and
of
boats. ladder ladders.
trucks.
5
4
4

4

1

(r)
1

Fires.

Property
loss.

236
4, 900
229 $54, 820. 00
310
18
329 247, 500. 00
13, 000
650
369
55
25,500 a 171
669
622 679, 469. 32
95
20 , 000 1,130
266
229
95, 814. 59
57
161
27,650
773
49
287
69, 638. 37
6 , 000
170
288
79
29, 986. 00
2
10
6 , 500
134
129 211,926. 00
2
203
21
80
10, 500
76
2
381
25
18, 861. 70
25, 450
724
42
187
4
78 103, 704. 56
293
8,100
285
176,
480. 05
2
33
394
60,000 2, 366
1,104
951 304, 442. 75
9
160
47, 643 3,066
907
895 521, 268. 98
6
185
72
2
8 , 300
98
20, 302. 65
280
11
235 332, 666 . 90
1,100
579
56
244
3
32, 600 2,023
581
541
85
6
383, 337. 37
150
17, 000
713
45
143
3
47, 419. 29
23,480
202
870
184 116, 278. 29
51
4
31,935 g 1,757
532
152
497 478,261.09
7
105
4, 300
105
61, 492. 81
1
202
7
600,000 20,130
86
920
7,100
6 , 472 5,100,000 00
159
152
7,000
23
16, 009.15
210
2
16, 200
189
179
3
427
38
84, 540. 50
18, 019 1, 544
382
351
4
52
115. 870. 00
11, 850
135
2
340
14
135
31.707. 66
291
10.100 1,058
48
285
3
65 173 00
15,400
131
125
21
25,957.00
3
547
15, 697 1,024
236 279. 045.00
33
247
2
90, 000 11,000
2, 586
9
268
2, 484 1 653,902.00
80, 000 2, 284
950
750 1, 918, 000 00
165
9
26
17, 000
177
143
119,680. 60
3
378
58
17,350
355
74, 076 81
5
554
337
10
34, 933 1. 751
632
542 213. 204. 82
88
123
9, 500
111
44, 289.10
17
1
537
6
160
154
48,000 00
1
7, COO
27
277
76
70
2
16, 300
q 49
69, 788. 78 j
659
V8
9 17, 150
259
44
257
4
68 , 260. 27
565
14 30, 000 2, 734
283
280
7
80
(r)
p5
5, 200
19
1.6
113
22, 738 95
2
369
6
172
2
426
18
3, 950
168 171,380.77
2
9 18, 000
730
25
s 233
8 178 s 58, 521 00
12
26,680
225
, 2
500
28
228
38, 947. 00
239
15
48 61, 500 6 , 200
1,918
1, 797 907, 090. 00
659
8
17 44 150 2, 249
113
647
159 958 17
5 15, 500
21 661.25
2
446
21
87
87
3
6 , 500
129
903
17
119
77, 364. 04
1
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
(
r)
(r)
(n
(r)
(r)
10 2,000
45 67, 900 3, 528
292
887
878 818,259 72
9 14,150
440, 630. 78
3
438
563
42
293
275
160
8 , 600
173
163
134. 508 54
360
45
1
/1 2
479
8
16, 250
194
44
40. 475. 00
3
594
258
376
21 , 000.00
5
8 , 000
18
115
2
250
130
7, 050
195
x2 1, 284
822
32
187
37, 307.16
x5
360
131
1
7 12, 950
135
28, 126. 39
487
18
343
4
178
9,
710
408
30
111
76,
791. 93
y2
116
2
329
4
3, 950
124
24
18,612.53
281
22 , 000
931
171
152 235, 981. 79
4 1 , 200
8
52
500
135
3
3, 600
240
11
130
2
17, 605. 22
568
2
6
9, 000
423
19
145
133
15, 503. 53
390
6
136
3
11 , 000
675
151
58, 722. 08
20
710
269
230
24, 940 2, 482
53
3
122, 775. 89
/ 6
140 218, 075. 45
3
311
aa8
11, 950
177
347
33
3
10
12, 300
755
22
84
81
38, 853. 00
888
o Including 3 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
p N o t including 3 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
q Owned by volunteer fire companies.
r N ot reported.
s For 16 months.
t Combination chemical engines and ladders.
u A lso 2 water towers and 2 monitor batteries.
v A lso 50 hand extinguishers.
w Including 1 combination chemical engine, ladder, and hose.
x N ot including 1 combination chemical engine, ladder, and hose.
y A lso 2 sets of life saving apparatus.
z Also 1 water tower and 1 trolly transfer car.
a a A lso 3 hand hose carts.
bb A lso 20 hand extinguishers.
1
2

3

Hose
Fire
reels Feet of Fire
alarms.
and
hy­ Horses.
hose.
hose
drants.
wagons

223
615
1,127
1,290
630
360
531
1,387
210
2, 250
2,116
333
724
1,500
1,014
1,060
1 , 260
240
35, 000
462
649
1,000
356
825
675
418
4,314
2. 400
'997
1,219
2, 613
250
250
494
800
1,800
200
295
348
450
3, 965
1, 630
529
258
1 , 000




5
9
16
11
4
3
4
c3
13
7
24
20
5
9
16
7
/ 9
27
3
225
5
9
14
8
9
k1
7
46
29
9
17
k 18
n4

Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

100
101
102

103
104
105
106
107
108
109

110
111
112

113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122

123
124
125

646

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

T able I I I .—FIREM EN, FIR E EQUIPM ENT, A N D PRO PERTY LOSS FROM F IR E S—Cono’d.
Firemen.

Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.

Cities.

126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Terre Haute, Im l.....................................................
Toledo, O hio..............................................................
Topeka, K ans............................................................
Trenton, N. J ............................................................
Troy N. Y ..................................................................
Utica, N. Y ................................................ ...............
W ashington, D. C ....................................................
W aterbary, Conn ......................................
Wheeling, W V a ......................................
Wilkesbarre, P a ......................................................
Williamsport, P a .......................................
Wilmington, D el ........................................
W orcester, M ass ................ ......................
Yonkers, N Y ............................................................
Youngstown, O hio..................................................

Equipment.
Eire engines.

R egu­ Call V olun­
lars. men. teers. Steam . Hand. Chem­
ical.
51
104
29
72
43
35
207
22
32
22
17
16
104
14
29

i
27
27
94
32

658
110

934
525

100

1

2
6
1

1

7
2
1
1
2
2

7
9
5
16
2
4
4
4
8
7

d

(j1

3

1
2
2
6

c4

1

a, Including 5 combination chemical engines and liose wagons.
b Not including 5 combination chemical engines and hose wagons.
c Including 1 combination chemical engine and hose wagon.
T able IY .—DEATH S, BY CAUSES, SA N IT A R Y INSPECTIO N, ETC.
N umber of deaths from—
Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.

Cities.

34 46 45 28 22
8
16 26
7
238 171 73 82 61
30 72 95 54
A lleghenv, P a .............. 172i 344 100 123
53 23 95 55 63
Allentown, P a ..............
16
50 32 53
3
17 19 24 22
Altoona, P a ....................
44 48 24 37 23
6
27 18
3
Atlanta, G a .................... 223 1 139 109 84
18 49
18 25
37
Auburn, N. Y ................
51 < 32 51
17 33
2
22
12
9
Augusta, G a.................. 106! 74 28 10
5 26 16
10
8
Baltimore, M d................ 1,073| 1,039 555 423 262 362 386 331 349
23 44 21 !
Bay City, M ich..............
7
14
10
13
61 52 44
31
Binghamton, N Y ........
13 20
21
20
15
Birmingham, A la ........ 104 43 24! 49 11
2
10
3 11
Boston, M ass.................. 1,241 1,169 934 616 382 170 441 112 380
53 65 60 46 25 104 28 32
Bridgeport, C onn........ 126
1
66
25 34
9
Brockton, M a ss............
21
22 !
5
Buffalo. N Y .................. 424 202 201 ' 251 171
69 254l 214 ! 169
86
30 42 21
Butte, Mont ..................
5 15 24
8
4!
Cambridge, M ass.......... 187 146! 97| 57 e 197
15 84
71 46
Camden, N. J .................. 109 145 86 ! 64
34
48 162 29 12
30 40 25
5
6
Canton, O hio..................
6
8 '27
119
Charleston, S. C ............ 206
74 116 82 48
21 15
22
32
Chattanooga, T enn___
15
27
6
81
5 11
11
8
19 44 78 32
Chelsea. M ass................
18
3 19 26 21
Chicago, 111.................... 2,416 2, 477 1,399 1,536 503 622 563 791 995
Cincinnati, Ohio............ 642 519 371 311 185 51 73 195 289
Cleveland, O hio............ 439 499 294 270 102 146 162 171 130
77 54 15 34 78 10
Columbus, O hio............ 219 111 110
96 74 52
1
Covington, K y ..............
6
12
13 20
1
21
63 33
8
Dallas, T e x ....................
68
3
9
9
5
38
29 20 ’ 32 20
Davenport, Iow a..........
6
30
8
17
12
Dayton, Ohio.................. 120 106 113! 44 22
8
29 43
39 34 39 62
Denver, C olo.................. 501 153 148! 121
27
6
11
69 45 39, 2 ,- 24
17
Des Moines, Iowa (i ) ..
7
a Health officer acts.
b Sanitary inspector acts.
c Not including 6 plum bing inspectors and 1 tenement-house inspector.
d Two, each acting as both food and sanitary inspector.
e Including hydrocephalus.

1 Akron, O h io ..................
2 Albany, N. Y ..................

3
4
5
6
7
8
9

10
11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33

Men­
ingitis Ma­
Chol­
and ras­
Con- Pneu­ Heart V io­ Apo­ D iph­ era Can­ Bron­ cere­ mus
sump mo­ dis­ jlence.
th e­ in­ cer. chi­ bro­ and
plexy
tion. nia. ease.
ria. fan­
tis. spinal inani
tum.
men­ tion.
in gi­
tis.




19
265
43
16
15
24
12
18
335
12
19
14
405
28
26

202
6

36
231
52
25
22
63
8
20
7
12
22

571

507
23
13
193
10

19
1
54 95
9 13
23 131
15 28
24 28
227 720
208 218
251 403
73 113
78 23
4 22
11 #24
33 40
34 51
6
13

647

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T able IQ.—FIREMEN, FIRE EQUIPMENT, AND PROPER TY LOSS FROM FIRES—Conc’d.
Hook
Fire
and
boats. ladder
trucks.
2
4
1
2
2
2
5
2
1
2
1
2
4
3
1

Equipment.
H ose
Fire
Feet reels Feet of Fire
of
and
hy­ Horses. alarms.
hose.
ladders. hose
drants.
wagons.
7
11
6
6
11
5
17
5
b1
5
5
8
d 15
16
6

280
916
173
335
470
718
2,384
418
305
419
253
467
1,335
800
450

9, 250
779
996
21,500
6. 500
318
6, 800
523
19, 000
762
11, 650
452
42, 550 1,906
10,150
370
12, 000
383
11, 850
233
8, 250
247
10. 000
726
21, 200 e 1,461
12, 000
607
6, 400
539

25
55
17
30
30
28
124
17
3
22
18
36
68
11
17

177
423
110
162

165
142
658
83
71
86
76
132
419
120
165

Fires.

156
399
108
161
83
128
544
66
53
94
67
125
233
120
163

Property
loss.

Mar­
ginal
num ­
ber.

$701, 984.12
662, 538. 82
66, 000.14
97. 056. 74
46, 025. 00
69, 573. 05
465, 590. 00
62,453.18
21, 344.90
50,000 CO
14,813.00
85, 000.00
112, 409. 32
41, 074. 70
30,190. 00

126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

d Not including 1 combination chemical engine and hose wagon.

cN ot including 172 private fire hydrants.

T able IV .—D EA TH S, BY CAUSES, S A N IT A R Y INSPEC TIO N, ETC.
Number of deaths from—
P re­
D ys­
ma­ Food Sani­ Mar­
ture
en­
in ­ tary
A l­ Whoop­ A ll
Scar­
tery
in ­ ginal
SepN e­ Old T y­ Hybirths
co­ ing other A ll and spect­ spect­
num­
lati­
and
ticmCroup.
phri­ age. phoid drocehol
causes.
ors.
tis.
fever. pha- na. elite- mia.
still­
ors. ber.
ism. cough. causes.
ro
co­
born.
lus.
litis.
28
161
41
18
11
45
16
27
534
10
26
14
398
80
11
190
8;
65
56
7
176
15'
18i
l, 048
243
161|
84
57
24
19
40
88
18;

98 490 40
10 2
4
1
33
4
7 1
8
8
85 1,876
13
67 94 15
5 16
8
40
6
27
1
7
33 73
36 452 1,841 195
1 12 39
10 14
5
1
1
2
4
442
17 19 3
10
101
62
24 13
2 181 520
3
2
9 1
7
60 (a) (a)
6
27 56 2
51
5
23
7
9 652 1,666 225
1
1 13
1
1
19
4
87 390
24
8 3
1 2
3 345 778 24 (&)
5
63
5
362 189 10 46 235 43
64 2, 938 10,180 953
11
50 23
4
2
1 1
3
3 11
5 119 306 27
2
2 1
1
1 55
1 191
]
46 28
669 40
1 2
1 170
11
1 30
9 3
6
2
540 79
223 185 146 33 89 62
15 57
68 2, 4LI 10, 044 842
2 19
97
1 322 1, 062
1
7 1
21
26
88 . . .
1
3
6
171 ’ 434 59
13
256 98 8 13 68
16
35! 1,472 4, 533 710 i
4 25
c5
1
1
6 18
5
3
2| 161 ' 460
5
10 (d) ( d )
14 (/)
6
4
14
22 492 1, 542 126
3
5
1
22 33 1 12
5
20 1
3
82 148 1, 149 201 1
1
1
1
3
20 17
92 323
3
2 4
50 73
6
1 84
10
1
4
3 757 1,894 198
1
5
4
1
1 172 494 41
2
17 23
16
1 10
1
1
7
3
17
6 2591 634 40
374 636 34
67 55 200 ;
58 106
13 40
208 7, 498 22, 533 260
181 105 7
8 110 29,
22 17
7 23
68 1, 359 5, 211 513
283 121
8 29 103 53
16 897 4, 576 464
18 202
2 26
1
6r |
6
2
8
70 33
'10 283 1. 389 99
1 204 ' 702 54
2 24
2
12
11
10 |........
1 18
6 20 1
8i
2
4
303
633
31
2
1
1
1
3
5
3
h 51
123 442 12
49 18 2
2
5 4
6 3951 1,120 108
11 18
1
4
49 41 23
9 22 26!
11
431! 1,927 139
3 12
1 17
6
4 190! 544
1
1 13
21 23
2 i.....
37 ! O') 0 )
/In clu d ed in apoplexy.
g Marasmus inciutled in old age.
h Including marasmus.
i Data are for 15 months.
j Three in winter, 5 in summer, each acting as both food and sanitary inspector.




1

2
3

4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
2L
22
23
24
25
26
27
23
29
30
31
32
33

648

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,
T able IV.-DEATHS, BY CAUSES, SANITARY INSPECTION, ETC.-Continued.
Number of deaths from—

Mar­
ginal
num ­
ber.

34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

Cities.

Men
ingitis M a­
Chol­
and ras­
Con- Pneu­ Heart Vio­ A po­ D iph­ era Can­ Bron­ cere­ mus
sump mo­ d is­ lence.
the­
chi­
in­
bro­
plexy ria. fan­ cer. tis. spinal and
tion. nia. ease.
tum.
m en­ inani­
in gi­ tion.
tis.

Detroit, M ic h ................ 372 350 189 125 126 125 235 150 141
163 197
5 19 14 19 17
53 22 28 26
Dubuque, Iowa (a )----14
14
63 77 24 55 16
44
17 20 12
14
86 95 54 33 32 21 29
Elizabeth, N. J ..............
8 21
26 43
60 18 42 25 37
16
Elmira, N. Y ..................
1 12
7 11
7
22 14
57 60! 55 44
5
25 33
18 38
Brie, P a ............................
8 c 9 57 28 24
Evansville, I n d ............ 125 55 30 49
25 68
81 39 35
63 105
4 257 31 119
Fall River, M ass.......... 149 121
11 20 34 27 10
73 33 30 22
19
Fort Worth, T ex .......... <&) <&) (b) (b) <&) (b) (b) (b) <&) (b)
(b)
16
52 25 48
8
16 20
7
9 11
7
Galveston, T ex..............
40 32 34 31 12
4 31
3 12
13
Gloucester, M a ss........
8
9 25 45 21
38
50
Grand Rapids, M ich .. 111 99 70 22 34
48 44
65 55
18
16 19
6 29 11 13
Harrisburg, P a ..............
74 54
Hartford, Conn.............. 124 138 107 66 53 15 39 52 24
19 18 13 21 30 13
17 26
70 43 41
Haverhill, M ass............
76 49
Hoboken, N .J .............. 114 135 72 87 36 34 40 21 46
90 37
38 36 23
18 25
65j 22
6 78
H olyoke, M a ss..............
15
8
10 20
95 28 43 55
2 16 13
Houston, T e x ................
37
80, 126
Indianapolis, I n d ........ 282 145 2311 126 50 32 76 111
Jersey Oity, N .J .......... 438 470 286 254 114 97 102 89 94 188 155
16:: 33
7
8
5
39 52 18 28
8 40
Johnstown, P a ..............
13
7
19 / 25
57 37 42! 23
8 13 13
Joliet, 111..........................
9 18
14 96 41! 39
11
4 15
43
Kansas City, K an s___
37
26; 34 87 61
57 119
Kansas City, M o .......... 105 210 137! 155 31
3
6
97 40 25! *o
4 12
5
17
8
K noxville, Tenn............
20
3!
2
4
40 28 21 j 21
5 14
11
La Crosse, W is..............
33
20
26
42 59 31
4i
19
17
35
Lancaster. P a ................
88 71 82 246 34
30 47
37i 115 27 28
Lawrence, M ass............
9 10j 10
9
1
10 14
25 46 27i 16
Lincoln, N eb r................
26
8
5
14
7 15 11
L ittle Rock, A rk .......... 111 34 30! 36
36 48
52 123 166 56 135 29
7 80 31
Los Angeles, C al..........
63 191 47 119 73
122 152
Louisville. K y .............. 317 274 161 143
65 22; i86
38 99
63| 115
Lowell, M ass.................. 209 164 163 60
94 65 86 30 16
36; 16
71 48 45 18
Lynn, M a ss....................
9 10! 27
9
14
9
4
5 67
21
McKeesport, P a ............
2
2
60 19 12 25
11
1
8
4 10
Macon, G a ......................
46
14
5
18
44
25
26
19
55
Malden, M a ss................
40
44
73 72 50 28 25
17 122 34 45
Manchester, N. H ........
5 22
18 20
29
17
Memphis, T e n n ............ 189 190 50! 84 31
108 194
M ilwaukee, W is .......... 316 227 2241 181 107 43 341 166 182
29
106
26
113
121
107
37
35
257
219
102
Minneapolis, M inn___
6 12 24 11
20
30
Mobile, A la .................... 135 45! 80: 42 18
34 18 28 40 24
44
52
N ashville, Tenn............ 242 124 106! 81
Newark, N .J .................. 611 370; 366 203 250 133 299 131 141 176 202
96
50
1 48 12 115
28
99
73! 82
59
N ew Bedford, Mass ...
60
37
N ew Haven, Conn........ 225 182! 166 71 78 30 64 71 82
12 154 177 217
154 199
N ew Orleans, L a .......... 863 426] 554 295 228
Newport, K v
15 20 10 11
73 41 45 13
New York, N. Y .......... 7, 734 8, 087! 4,084! 3,675 2, 370 1,459 2, 149 2,006 1,928 1,833 2,149
2 15
6 35 21
9
40 22
N orfolk, Y a .................... 125 79| 63:
9 29
5 43 24
57 46 16
Oakland, C a l. ^.............. 106 63 i 100
22 c 16 44 27
5
32
41
Omaha, N ebr.................. 104! 97! 85! 87
3!
6
39
5
4
5
3
18! 82
Oshkosh, W is ................
8 14
75 83 86! 49 54 56
66
89
Paterson, N .J ................ 201 152! 115
6 39 17 29
64! 39i 34 14 33
20
17
Pawtucket, R. I ............
9 22 26
6
10
8
50! 54 31 44 16
Peoria, 111........................
Philadelphia, P a .......... 2,590 i 2,480 1,398 1,006 840 998 1,099 670 435 693 1,407
113
119
64
86
147
187
Pittsburg, P a ................ 337i 622| 207 428
(b)
19 16 25 22
34
29
85j 831 55 24 46
Po Hand, Me. (i ) ..........
9 45 12
31
12
6
Portland, Oregon.......... 1141 61I 73 48 15
121
53
Providence, R, I ............ 325! 234! 237 141 123 30 144 120 101
10 19
3
5
22
14
76 55 31 35 12
Pueblo, Colo....................
18
2 10 22 24
13
55 73 55 19
38
Quincy, 111......................
26 42
18
45 84
8 51 55
Reading. P a .................... 107 70 91
42 53
5 64 11 33
125 76
Richmond, Y a................ 230 141 108
81
86
66 141 c 42 58 110 70
Rochester, N. Y ............ 2671 188 159
e Police act as inspectors.
a Data are for 13 months.
f Including old age.
&N ot reported.
g Included in marasmus and inanition.
c Including croup.
d Included in diphtheria.




STATISTICS OF CITIES.

649

T able IV.—DEATHS, BY CAUSES, SANITARY INSPECTION, ETC.—Continued.
Number of deaths from—
D ys­
en­
HyN e­ Old T y­ dro- Scar­ tery Sep­
phri­ age. phoid ce- lati­ and ticae­ Croup.
fever. pha- na. ente- mia.
tis.
ro co­
lus.
litis.

Pre­
ma­
Sani­ Mar­
ture Food
Al- Whoop­ A ll
in ­ tary
ginal
births
in ­ num­
co- ing other All and spect­ spect­
hol- cough.
ors.
causes.
causes.
still
ors. ber.
ism.
born.

13 6
146 176 48 6 36 52 24
13 1,475 4,168 436
2 17
10 28
1
1
2
3
2
1
8
2 128 417! 37
1
1
1
1
1
6
7
24 15 26 2
182 606 (b)
6
6 3
53 8
4 11
1 173 726 82
1
7 6
1;
1
1
1
32 17 17 1
7
1
2,
5 157 475 49
3 11
4
23 45
1 1
2 168 636 104
7
1
2
1
1
2 21
7 (d)
199 827 97
37 47 28 8
38 37 21 8
10 4
5
5
9
7 650 1,798 136
1
1!
1 34
3'
36 33 10
216I 609 17
1
(b)
( b ) (b)
(b) in (b) (b) (b) (b) <b)
(b)
(b) j <»>
11
8
4
300 630
2
50 14 15 9
lj
2 2
2
2 i! 2
7 115! 372 1 70
12 8
30 ..........
] | 317 1 989 119 1..........
15
‘2 16 11
4 |........
31 55 28
1
4
9
2
5! 195 603 1 41
22 25 16
2
69 47 36 2
3 92
3
5; is
5! 232 1,258 i 124
i
5
8 ____
7
1! 41
4
241 71 ! 477 82
21 26
1
2!
3 369' 1,248 1 103
8
16 26
8
20! 4
62 16
2!
1 50
1
4: 2
60
25 11
41 228; 773
1
1
8 1
1; 5
11 236 639 47
3
14
4
16 38 16 4
11 1 2
85
15 22
83 109 48 5 12
11 552 2,166
2
8
150 42 71 30 60 57
29 11
4
47| 808, 3,596 303
(e)
11 7 10
1
10!____
6
6 1241 429 30
8
16
4 12 11
3
54 371
13 '
9 (9)
1
1
1
1 325; 708 53
6 1
7
7
9 15 16
902, 2,145 ! 219
6 22 31
9 15
44 49 41
4
2
10
1 332 642i
1
1
6
2i
8 1 551
4
1 5
9 21 14!
3
3
* 1 170 390! 22
I........i
2
4
4
5 177 580 70
25 41
26 1
1 3
9
92 i
21 17 11
2
11 19 1 2
1 366 1,032
1
2
2
3
2:
1
2 131 , 354 18 ■ (h) (h)
18 11
7
1
6i
3
52!..........
2 14
5
10 253! 643;
18 9 25
2 37 18,............ 1 11
4 586 1,609
86 \
81i 61 42 4
2
66
2 66 31
19; 8
27 1,086 3, 058 287;..........
87! H9 118 5
14!____
1
6
7
2
10 387 1, 772 179 ;
91 49 24 4
30 280 912 95
42; 52
15
3 12
8
1
1
1
1 243; 459 69 1 1
4 9 15
4
8 5
1
1 347 544 58
5' 9
7
4
17
2i 1
1
5
102 430 48_____
4
8
30 28
9 21
10 3
32, 15 14 4
2 310I 977 96!
3
7j
1
1
j 3
536i 1,365 124
2 58 12
49 27 23
14
106 84 46
2 39 11 !
53 428 2, 894 444
15
is 18
95; 93
86 6
2 42 32 1
15 410, 1,944 215,
6
2
1 I 1°
1 226 831 136_____
1
3
32 17
68, 38 23
3 584 1, 601 199
5
2
49I 77 22
32 201 12 9
44 678 4,179 124
3
20
231i 72 41 10 15 151 43!
1 t 11
4 17
3;
53; 28 17 2
1
1
6 4
7 282 1,086 104|
2 154
109! 32 39 7
52 324, 1,800 181
1
2,
6| 7
3
1 246 36 1
17
45
18
379; 32 184 5
2,
478
6,
707,
634!
12
5
141 24 36
1
57 1 359! 1 4 _____
4. 687 1 153 676 864 703 2, 614
716 14, 695 64, 235 2, 059; 58 61
319 334
8
2 6!
28 307 1 911 124
61 19 30 10 10 13
4
9
6
3
29 34
1
2
5 2j
1
1 211 | 798 51
1 19 14 (d)
30 63 32 1 3
4
5 153 884 59:
2
1
5
1
1
7 5
7
5
140 303
1
7
5
2
7 6
5 568 1, 737 146
48 28 3 5 ____
1
8 4
3 19
2 132 538 32 s 1
36 22
4
11 3
2 232 596 47i
19 33 11
2
3
6
1
162 4,695 21, 785 2, 005 ..........
46
1,134 958 639 34 114 95 114 177 47
25 25
16
1
153 87 218 8 24 15 25
167 1,922 4, 979 135
2 17
4 1
12 238 825 60;
41 29 36
7
1
1
6
1 3
3 327 842 52 O') 0)
20 27 20 2
7
4 46
6
59 795 2, 859 266
193 55 89 4
11 18
1
1
6 13
7
7
13 1 23
107 459 21! (h) (h)
1
4 148 593 40 !
24 30 13
1 18 24
1 1
1
1
1
4
8
301 1, 064 105
18 4
34 28 51
18
8
3 681 1,747 205
4
2 50
54 21 29 2
7 2
6
8 29 10 ( d)
2
24 525 2, 191 254 1 i
142 158 22 3
h One, acting as both food and sanitary inspector.
i Not including city of Deeriug, annexed to Portland February 6, 1899.
j Four, each acting as both food and sanitary inspector.




34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
04
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
SO
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

650

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,
T able IV.—DEATHS, BY CAUSES, SANITARY INSPECTION, ETC.—Concluded.
Num ber of deaths from—

M ar­
ginal
num­
ber.

101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Cities.

M en­
ingitis Ma­
Chol­
and ras­
Con- P neu­ Heart Vio­ A po­ D iph­ era Can­ Bron­ cere­ mus
sump mo­ dis­ lence.
the­
in­
chi­
bro­
plexy. ria. fan­ cer. tis. spinal and*
tion. nia. ease.
tum.
men­ inani­
in gi­ tion.
tis.

39 24 20 13
2
Rockford, 111..................
66 52 36 30 11
Sacramento, Cal............
Saginaw Mich. (&)___
53
51
12
58 52
St. Joseph, M o..............
54 49 30 28 10
St. Louis, M o ................ 1.001 867 565 622 188
St. Paul, M inn.............. 208 259 117 99 35
36 36 60 13 23
Salem, A la ss..................
37
43 35 20
Salt Lake City, U ta b ..
9
San Antonio, T ex ........ i f) (/) i f) i f ) (/)
San Francisco, Cal----- 1, 044 655 656 441 283
Savannah, G a................ 158 62 20 84 14
72 132 102 98 44|
Scranton, P a ..................
Seattle, W ash................
70 61 67 80
6
12 27 27
Sioux City, Iow a..........
1
7
Somerville, M ass..........
97 79 71
33 40
17 14 17 11
27
South Bend, I n d ..........
47 58 33 20
3
Spokane, W a sh ............
53 41 44
Springfield, 111..............
12
68
Springfield, A lass........ 108 87 75 40 63
Springfield, M o ............ (/) i f ) (/) i f) i f)
22 57 22 32
Springfield, Ohio..........
51
Superior, W is................
15 61
14 28
7
Syracuse, N. Y .............. 253 134 74 75 27
28 27 29
9
Tacoma, W ash.............. ' 34
Taunton, M ass..............
66 40 50
3 12
Terre Haute, I n d ........
7
29 33 31 37
Toledo, O hio.................. 137 105 84 113 18
1
39 30 26 25
Topeka, K ans................
Trenton, N. J ................ 117 139 79 55 42
64 183 82 22 15
Troy, N. Y ......................
Utica, N. Y ...................... 122 84
26
66 44
W ashington, D. C ........ 713 508 503 233 256
W aterbury, Conn........
56 65 50 30 18
59 47 35 29
14
W heeling, W. Y a..........
47
W ilkesbarre, P a ..........
83 46 49 19
6
W illiamsport, P a ........
34 30 38
18
W ilm ington, D el.......... 101 145 44 11 37
W orcester, M ass.......... 221 216 189 18 101
Yonkers, N. Y ..............
83 70 66 34 28
41
Youngstown, O hio___
62 43 51 12




23
10
8 10
9
8
12
4
14
4:: 13
22
4 14! 33
19
23
12
9 23 16 12
15 10
152 413I 304
350 d 311 425
60 34 55
35 128 100
3 21
21 21
24 25
7 13 24 23
14 20
i f)
i f)154 (/) i f)373 (/)
47
179 144 i f)300
4
3
9
6
14 55
52 109 22 47
83 58
44 17 30
25 22
8
7 10
7
4
13 10
10 51 40 23
43
26
2
3
6
7
2
4
8 15 11 17
19 16
8 10 22 24
29 11
22 50 45 24
52 59
(/) 7 (/) i f)20 i f)
16 i f) 4 i f )
14
3 30
7
6
21
9
41 104 37 65
73
25
2
7
8
7
27
13
1 11 13 11
12
26
3
6 10
26
2
26
21 57 46 46
21 107
9
2
4 13 11
16 114 24 29 137
40
9 63 24 26
36 44
12 31 36 13
52 21
174 129 177 144 180 157
12 68 11
37
31
14
2 15 22 17
20
13
16 50! 15 28
20
1
3
9|
9
9
7 10
100 38j 24
16
36 106
34 132! 60 64
70 j 34
30 24, H
38 25
34
13 24
5 23 17 28j

a E ight others for 5 months.
b Data are for 16 months.
c Police act as inspectors.
d Including hydrocephalus.
e Included in m eningitis.

/ N ot reported.

STATISTICS OF CITIES

651

T able IV.—DEATHS, BY CAUSES, SANITARY INSPECTION, ETC.—Concluded.
Number of deaths from
Pre­
D ys­
ma­
Sani­ Mar­
en­
ture j Food
y - Scar­ tery Sep­
Al- Whoop- A ll
in­ tary
N e­ Old T y­ fdroin­ ginal
births spect­
eoA
ll
phri­ age. phoid cc- lati­ and ticae­ Croup. hol- ing ~ other causes. and ors. spect­ num­
fever. pba- na. ente- mia.
tis.
still­
ors. ber.
ism. cough. causes
lus.
ro co­
born.
litis.
|
1 “
i
1
3 11
5:
3
83 267
a 1 101
..........
1
1
1 102
2 5
2
30
91 17 25
139 464
2 1
23 19
3
6
59
2
1 239 634
3 103
6 1
2
7
3
10 2
2 304
30
(c) 104
15 5 12
618
95 (e)
51 29
39» 431
4 35 105
28 53 91
29 2,402 8,805 103
23 6
14 27 21
7 466 1,834 151
42 48 43
6 106
2 3
52
11
2
10 167 530
1
1 107
27 13 10 2
21 71 23
1 12 20
6
3
522 85
2
3 108
18 102
(/) 5 (/)
(/) ( /) l/> 109
(/)
(/)
if) (/) (/) (/) (/) (/) (/)
(/>
7
36
16 18 no
9 142 71
25 1,417 6, 544 315
289 210 57
2 7
1
6 754 1,342 243
6 26
39 52 20
1
8! 111
48 3
13
4 21
71
617 1,596
72
41 7 14 2
1
2 112
1
1 5
4 170| 669 47
4
11 16 24
3;
1
3j 113
1
7 ____
9 108 281
37 iff) (g) 114
12
2;
10 7
2 1
7
5
3 227 840 102
301 31 11 10
1 1 115
1
1 116 258 i 17
9 1
3
3
8! 6
2 116
6
2 133 448; 48 (h)
12
2
2 117
181 9 19
1 10
1 (c) 118
2 3
14 1
149 5561 46
26! 28
6
7 1
15
95 983
9
82 (g) (if) 119
1 96
87! 41
(/)113; .(/)433 (/)32 i f ) ( /) 1 120
(/)25 1 (/)25 </> 9 (/) (/) 4 </) 4 «/>„ (/) 5 (/) (/)
121
1
1 122
2 4
8
6
2
4
22
4
115 346
1
5
6
6 476 1 584! 147
2
3 123
13
39 83 47 1........
0
94 ’335! 25
3
2 1
1
1 124
1
11 10 15 1
1
1 125
]
3
8
3
35
20' 25
217 557 25
1
1 1
1
4 20 15
2
4
4 126
191 449
35
5 47 12
5 1
2
10 127
9 368 1, 379, 185
45 101 31
1
1
1
2 185 404
6
9 29
10
7
4 128
4 i
90 988 102
36 16 22 1
2 12
1
11
3 129
1
1
5
10 1
6 538 1, 240 10
45 22 44
130
6 1
46 31
12 2
4
17
2
4 106
15 265 999
2 131
12 1,800 5,916 623
5
17 17
4
301 208 169 7 19 187
11 132
3 30
8 3
3 233 737
31
1
31 20 13
1
1 133
2 13
(i)
7 9
89 521
49
63
24 22 33
134
1
8
4
2
17
44
19
243
50
732
22
135
1
11
3 136
2 1
9
83 300
19
27
3
9 586 1,377
8
29
39 it;
5
17 1
2
8
4 137
5
1 7
29 *•441 1,802 143
5
7
87 67 13 1
6 138
1
1
3 139
61____
2 11
725 22
39 11
3 28 16
"** i 138 204
115 528
13 18
2
1
4 140
g One, acting aa both food and sanitary inspector.
h Food inspection made by State.
i One for 20 weeks, eight for 2 weeks, none for 21 weeks.
j Inanition included in “A ll other causes.”

fcIncluding inanition.




BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
2 V .—PER CENTA G E OF D EA TH S FROM EACH SPE C IFIED CAUSE OF T<
D EA TH S.
arnal
im-

er.

Cities.

Akron, Ohio----A llegheny, P a ..
Allentown, P a ..
Altoona, P a ----Atlanta, O a ----Auburn, N. Y ..
A ugusta, Ga .. .
Baltimore, M d..
10 Bay City, M ich.
11 Binghamton, N . Y .
12 Birmingham, A la ..
13 Boston, M ass..........
14 Bridgeport, Conn..
15 Brockton, M ass----16 Buffalo, N . T ..........
17 Butte, M ont............
18 Cambridge, M a ss..
19 Camden, X. J ..........
20 Canton, O hio...........
21 Charleston, S. C .. .
22 Chattanooga, Tenn
23 Chelsea, M a ss.........
24 Chicago, 111..............
25 Cincinnati, O hio...
26 Cleveland, Ohio .. .
27 Columbus, Ohio .. .
28 Covington, K y ___
29 Dallas, T ex..............
30 Davenport, Io w a ..
31 Dayton, O hio..........
32 Denver, C olo..........
33 Des Moines, Iowa (e)
34 Detroit, M ich..........
35 Dubuque, Iowa (/)
36 Duluth, M in n ........
37 Elizabeth, N. J ___
38 Elmira, X. Y ..........
39 Erie, P a ....................
40 Evansville, In d ___
41 Fall River, M ass ..
42 Fort Wayne, Ind ..
43 Fort Worth, Tex ..
44 Galveston, T ex ---45 Gloucester, M a ss..
46 Grand Rapids, Mich
47 Harrisburg, P a ___
48 Hartford, Conn----49 Haverhill, M ass.. .
50 Hoboken, X. J ........
51 Holyoke, M ass___
52 Houston, T e x ........
53 Indianapolis, I n d .
54 .Jersey City, X. J ..
55 Johnstown, P a ___
56 Joliet, 111..................
57 K ansas City, X ans
58 K ansas City, M o..
59 Knoxville, T en n ...
60 La Crosse, W is----61 Lancaster, P a ........
62 Lawrence, M ass...
63 Lincoln, X eb r.___
64 L ittle Rock, A rk ..
65 Los A ngeles, C al..
66 Louisville, K y ..
67 Lowell, M ass...
68 Lynn, M a ss----69 McKeesport, Pa
70 Macon, G a ----71 Malden, M ass .
72 M anchester, X. H
a h lcluding hydrocephalus,
tcluded in apoplexy.
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

2 Albany, N. Y ...




Menin­
gitis
Chol­
and
Con- Pneu­ Heart V io­ A po­ Diph­ era Can­ Bron­ cere­
sump mo­ dis­ lence. plexy. the­ infan­ cer. chitis. bro­
tion. nia. ease.
ria. tum.
spinal
menin­
gitis.
6. 94 9.39 9.18 5.71 4.49 1.63
12. 69 9.12 3. 89 4. 37 3. 25 1.60
9. 34 18. 69 5.43 6. 68 2.88 1.25
11. 31 7.24 11.99 3.62 3.85 4.30
8. 46 9. 23 4. 62 7.12 4. 42 1.15
13. 39 8. 35 6. 54 5. 04 2. 22 1. 08
13. 08 8. 20 13. 08 4. 36 8. 46 .51
13. 63 9. 51 3. 60 1.28 1.28 .64
10. 54 10.21 5.45 4.15 2. 57 3.56
7. 52 14. 38 6. 86 2. 29
9.12 7.77 6. 58 4. 63 2.99 1.94
19. 26 7.96 4. 45 9. 07 2.04 .37
12. 36 11. 64 9. 30 6.13 3. 80 1.69
11. 87 4. 99 6.12 5.65 4. 33 2. 35
.23
15. 21 5. 76 7. 83 j 2.07
9. 35 4.46 4. 43 j 5.54 3. 77 1.52
6. 52 9.13 4.57 j 18.70 1.09 3. 26
12.13 9.47 6. 29! 3.70 «12.78i .97
9. 49 12. 62 7. 48' 5.57 2. 96; 4. is
9. 29 12. 38 7. 74 1.55 2.48 8. 36
10. 88 3. 91 6.12 4.33 2. 53: . i i
16. 40 6. 48 3. 04 5. 46 2. 23, 1.21
3. 00 6. 94 12.30 5.05 2.84 ! .47
10. 72 10. 99 6. 21 6. 82 2. 23i 2.76
12. 32 9. 96 7.12 5.97 3. 55 .98
9. 59 10. 90 6. 43 5. 90 2.23 ; 3.19
15. 77 7.99 7.92 5.54 3.89 , 1.08
13. 68 10. 54 7.41 .14 .14 j -85
10. 74 9.95 5.21 3. 32 .79 | .48
8. 60 6. 56 4. 52 7. 24 4. 52; 1.36
10.71 9. 46 10.09 3. 93 1.96 .71
26. 00 7. 94 7.68 6. 28 2. 02! 1.76
12. 68 8.27 7.17 5.15 4. 41 1.10
8. 93 8. 40 4. 54 3.00 3.02 3. 00
12. 71 5i27 6.71 6. 23 1.20 ; 4.56
10. 40 12. 71 3.96 9. 08 2 .6 4 ..........
11.85 13. 09 7.44 4. 55 4.41 1 2.89
32. 63 3. 79 8.84 5. 27 7. 79| .21
8. 96 9. 43 8. 65 6. 92 3.46 2.20
15.11 6. 65 3. 63 5. 93 . 97 a 1. 09
8. 29 6. 73 4. 51 2.17 1.95 .22
11.99 5.42 4.93 3. 61 1.81 3.28
(i) (i)
(i)
(i)
d)
8. 25 3.97 7. 62 2.(i)54 3.27 1.11
10. 75 8. 60 9.14 8. 33 3. 23 .81
11. 22 10. 01 7.08 2. 23 3.44 .91
10. 78 9.12 7.96 7. 30 2.99 .99
9. 861 10.97 8.51 5.25 4. 21 1.19
14.68 1 9.01 8.60 3. 98 3. 77 2. 73
9.14 ! 10.82 5. 77 6.97 2. 88 2. 72
11. 64 4. 79 4. 92 4. 66 2. 97 .78
14. 87 4. 38 6. 73 8.61 2. 35 .31
13. 02 6. 69 10. 67i| 5.82 2. 31 1.48
12.18 , 13.07 7. 951! 7.06 3.17 2. 70
9. 09 12.12 4.20 j 6.53 1. 63 1. 87
15,36, 9.97 11.32 6, 20 3.50 1. 89
1. 98 13. 56 5.79 5.51 1.55 .57
4. 90 | 9.79 6.39 7.23 1.44 1.21
15.31 ! 6.23 3. 89 3.12 .47 .62
10. 26 7.18 5.38 5. 38 5.13 .77
7.24 10.17 5. 35; 1. 03 5.69 .69
8. 53 6. 88 7. 95 2. 33 3.29 3. 59
7. 06, 12.99 7. 63 4.52 2. 54 2. 82
17. 26, 5.29 4.67 5. 60 1.24 .78
3. 23 7.65 10. 32 3.48 8. 39 1.80
10. 37, 8.96 5.26 4.68 2.06 .62
11.79 9. 25 9.20 3. 39, 3.67 1.24
10. 31I 7.13 9.43 3. 29 1.75 .77
1. 09; 14.60 1.96 .
1.96 2.18
11.03 | 3.49 2. 21 4. 60 2. 02 .37
12. 79 , 10.70 10.23
3. 26 1.16
7.47 ' 7.37 5.12 2. 87 2.56 1.74
c Marasmus included in old age.
d Including marasmus.

Ma­
ras­
mus
and

3.27 5. 31 1.43 3.88^
3. 84 5. 06 2. 88 14.13
5.16 2. 99 3. 42 2. 34
5.43 4.98 .68 3.62;
5.19 3.46 .58 2. 88,
2. 94 1.08 1.50 1.44,
3. 08 5. 64 2. 31 3. 08,
3. 34 2. 06 1.03 2.3l|
3.79 3. 25 3.43 3. 29 ;
3. 27 4. 57 4. 25 3. 92
4. 33 3.14 2. 24 2. 84
1.85 .56 2. 04 2. 59
4. 39 1.12 3. 78 4. 03
9. 79 2.64 3.01 2. 64
4.84 5. 07 1.15 5. 99
5. 60 4. 72 3. 73 4.46
5. 22 .87 1.74 1.30
5. 45 4.60 I 2.98 1.23
14.10 2. 52, 1.04 4. 70
1.86 3. 40 1. 86 2. 79
.79 .48 1.16 1.21
1. 62 l. 01 2. 23 3.04
3.00 4.10 3. 31 3. 78
2. 50 3.51 4.42 1.01
1. 40 3.74 5. 55 3. 99
3. 54 3. 74 2. 84 ‘ 5.49
2. 45 5. 62 .72 5.26
1.71 1. 85 2. 85 11.11
1.42 1.42 1.26
.63
1.81 6. 79 3.84 2.49
2. 59 3.84 1.07 2. 95
2. 02 3.22 1.40 1.76
2. 02 3.13 1.29 1.10
5.64 3. 60 3. 38 3. 91
3. 36 4. 56 4. 08 3. 36
2. 81 3.30 1.98 7.26
3.99 1.10 2. 89 3. 58
2.53 1.47 2. 32 3. 37
3.93 5.19 .79 2. 83
6. 89 3. 39 2. 90 3. 02
14. 29 1.72 6. 62 3, 50
5. 58 4. 43 1.64 3.12
(i)
(i)
<0
1. 43 1.(i)75 1.11
2.54
3. 23 1.07 8. 33 3. 49
2. 53 4. 55 2.12 3. 84
4. 81 1. 82 2.16! 2.65
3.10 4.13 1.91 i 5.88
4.40 6. 29 2. 73 3.56
3.69 1.68 3. 69! 6.09
10. 09 2. 33 3. 23 8. 41
2. 50 2. 03 1. 25 1. 57
3.51 5.12 1.71 3. 69
2.84 2.47 2. 611 5. 23
9. 32 1.87 1.17, 3. 73
2.16 3. 50 3. so; 5.12
2.12 1.27 2.54' 6.07
1.58 4. 06 2. 84 2. 66
1.87 .78 .93 2. 65
1.28 3.59 .51 2.82
3. 28 3.45 2. 93 4.48
11.14 2. 62 2. 71 2. 91
2. 82 2. 54 .28 2. 82
1.09 2. 33 1.71 4.04
.44 4. 97 1.93 2. 24
1.54 3.89 2. 39 3.99
10. 50 2.14 5. 59 3. 56
5. 26 4. 93 1.97 3. 95
5..7488 1..8784 1..3796 3..1805
5. 81
4.19 6. 05
12. 49 3.48 4. 61 4. 09
e Data are for 15 months.
/D a ta are for 13 months.

STATISTICS OF CITIES

653

T able V.—PERCENTAGE OF DEATHS FROM EACH SPECIFIED CAUSE OF TOT AT/

DEATHS.

D ysen­
Mar­
He- Old T y­ Hydro­ Scarla­ tery Septi­
A ll
A lco­ Whoop­
A ll ginal
phri- ago.
phoid cepha­ tina. and caemia. Croup. holism.
ing other !causes.
num­
tis.
fever. lus.
cntero
cough. causes.
ber.
colitis.
1
0.20
1.63
5. 71 0. 73 1.43
1.63
0. 82 2.04
0. 41 0. 82 20 . oo; 100. 00
8. 58 3 57 5. 01
.80
85
. 27
. 43 2 13
. 69 4. 53, 100. 00 1
. 05
2. 23 1.79
3.97
. 65 2.12
.38
.54
.76
1. 96 2F55 100 ! oo
.68
.45
4. 07 3.85
4. 30
.90
.23
22. 85 100. 00
.58
2.12 4. 62 2.50
1.35
.38
1.73
.19
.38 34. 81 100. 00
3.36
.12
2. 70 1.62
3. 06
.30
1.38
.42
.54 39.14 100.00
.26
3.33
4.10 4. 87 1. 02
.26
22. 31 100. 00
3.47
.39
1. 03
8.10
. 26^ . 39 44. 34 100. 00
. 64
. 13
.10
.45
5. 24 3.56
1.86
2.31
.49
.42
.23
.63 28. 86 100*00
3. 27 . 98 3. 59
65
. 33
. 33 1 i 63 38. 89 100. 00
.98
3.89 6. 88 4.19
.15
.15
8. 22
.30
.15 !
. 15 28! 55 100! oo
.56 ..............
2. 59 2. 04 1.67
5. 56 1.11
. 18
.18 31.48 100. 00
.37 |
1. 45
3. 96 2. 22 1.84
.89
.15
.33
.62
.57,i
.68 24. 00 100.00
.66
7.53 1.98
.09
2.45
.09 30. 32 100.00
. 85
.47
.69
2.54 3. 00
.23
1. 38 1.61
39. 40 100.00
1.46
4.19 5. 65 2.10
.29
.18
.09
.55
.35
. 77 32.47 100.00
1.74 1. 30 3.91
1. 09
.22
. 65
1.09
. 43 35. 00 100. 00
.91 (b)
.39
.32
4. 21
. 26
1. 43 31. 91 100. 00
. 91
.09
4.87 1.91
2.87
1.04
.44
.44
1.74
.09
.70 12. 88 100. 00
5. 26
.31
2.17 6.19
. 31
. 62 28. 48 100. 00
. 93
.32
9. 29 2. 64 3. 85
.05
.16 39. 97 100.00
4.43
.21
.53
.11
3.04 3.44
.20
4. 65
3. 24 1.01
.81
.20 !
.20 34.82 100. 00
.16
2. 84 2. 68 1.10
1.58
.16
. 47
.95 40. 85 100. 00
4.65 1. 66 2. 82
.15
.30
.24
.89
.26
|
.92 33. 28! 100.00
.47
.13
4. 66 3. 47
2. 02
.15
.42
2.11
.56
.33 1 1.31 26. 08! 100. 00
6.18
2.64
.18
.63
3.52
2.25
1.16
.39
.44 !
. 35 19. 60 100.00
.43
6. 05 5. 04 2. 38
.07
.43
. 14
. 72 20. 37 100. 00
8.12 1.57
1. 71
.29
3. 42
1. 42
. 14 29. 06 100.00
. 71
3. 79 .95
3.16
.16
.16
.32
2. 84 1.26
|
.79 47. 87 100. 00
4. 30 d ll.54
. 68
.45
1.13
. 23 27. 83 100. 00
. 68
1.61
3. 57 4. 37
.18
.18
.98
1.61
.45
.36
.54 35. 27 100.00
1. 20
4.57 2. 54 2.13
1.14
. 05
.47
1.35
.57 22. 37 100. 00
. 88!
3.31 3. 86 4. 23
.18
.18
2. 39 1.10
.74 34. 93 100.00
.37 ..............
3. 50 4. 22 1.15
.14
.86
.58
.31
1. 25
. 14
.31 35. 3S 100. 00
2.40 6.71
1.92
.24
.24
.48
.48
.72
.24
.48 30. 69 100. 00
.99
1. 15
3. 96 2.48
4. 29
. 33
. 16
. 16
30. 03 100. 00
7.30 1. 10
.96
.83
.83
. 55! 1. 51
.41
.83
.14 23. 83 100. 00
6. 74 3. 58 3. 58
.21
.21
1.47 1 .21
.21
1. 05 33. 05 100. 00
3. 62 7. 08
1.10
.47
1. 73;
.16
. 16
.63
.31 26. 41 100. 00
4.47 5. 68 3.39
.97
.24
2. 54
24. 06 100. 00
.85 (h)
1.17
.44
2.11 2.06
.50
.28
. 56
.22
.28
.39 36.15 100. 00
5.91 5. 42 1. 64
. 17 5. 58
35. 47 100. 00
(i)
(0
(i)
O')
(i ) 1 (0
(0
(i)
(i )
(i)
(i)
1.43 (i)
2. 22 2.38
1. 27 1. 75
7.94
. 63
47. 62 100. 00
.............. l
.54
.54
3. 23 2.15
. 54
. 54
.54
1. 88 30. 91 100. 00
3.14 5. 56 2.83
. 20
.40
L. 62 1.11
. 10 32. 05 100.00
3. 65 4.15
2. 65
. 66
1. 49
. 33
. 17
. 83 32. 34 100. 00
.16
.24
5.48 3. 74 2. 86
7.31
.24 1 .40
1.43
.40 18. 44 100. 00
4.40 5. 45 1.68
. 21
1. 47
. 84
. 84 5. 03 14. 88 100. 00
.64
4. 97 1.28
1.28
2. 08
.32
.24 29. 57 100. 00
. 64': 1.60
.13
1.03
.13
3. 23 1.42
6. 47
.52
.26
.13
.52 29.49 100. 00
.63
.16 36. 93 100. 00
2. 50 5. 95 2. 50
.16
2.19
.47
.78
.23
2. 22
.55
.69
1.02
.51
.09
3.83 5.03
.51 25. 48 loo. ou
.83
1.97
4.17 1.17
.81
.31
1.67
1.59
.11
1.31 22. 47 100. 00
2.56 1. 63 2. 33
. 23 1. 40 2. 33
1. 40 28. 90 100. 00
2.43 (Jc)
3.50
1. 08 3. 23 2. 97 2.16
. 81 14. 56 too! oo
1. 27 2.12
2. 26
. 14
. 99
. 14
.14 45. 90 100.00
.85
.19
1. 91
2.05 2.28
1.44
.42
.70
.28
1.03
42. 05 100 ! oo
1. 24 .16
8. 57
.93
. 16
. 30
. 16 51. 71 100. 00
2. 31 5.38
3.59
.77
. 77
.26 43. 59 100.00
.17
4. 31 7.07
4. 48
.35
.09
.69
.52
.86 30. 52 100. 00
2.03 1. 65
1.07
.19
.10
1.84
.10 35. 46 100. 00
.87
.19
5.08 3.11
1. 98
. 57
.85
.28
. 57
. 57 37. 01 100. 00
.15
3. 89
2. 80 1.40
.31
2.18
.93
1.55 39. 35 100. 00
.47
.78
.25
5. 03 3. 79 2. 61
.12
2. 30 1.12
.68 I .25 36. 42 100. 00
.16
2. 85 3.89
3. 86
2.16
.07
.62
.26
.88 35. 51 100.00
1. 01
5.14 2. 77 1. 35
.34
.39
.79
1 .56 21. 84 100. 00
.44
4. 61 5. 70
l. 64
.33
. 55! 3.29 30. 70 100. 00
1.32
.88
.87 1. 96 3. 27
.87
1. 74
.22 52. 94 100. 00
.92 1.65
1.29
3.12
.18
.37
.18
. 18 63. 79 100.00
I
.............. 23. 72 100. 00
6.98 6. 51 1.16
1. 86
. 93
.23
3.28 1.53
1.43
.41
2.15
.31 i
.20 31. 73 100. 00
.92
. 72' 1.02
g Including croup.
&Included in marasmus and inanition.
iN o t reported,
h Included in diphtheria.
j Including old age.

10493—No. 24- -3




1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72

654

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able V .—PER CENTA G E OP D E A T H S FROM EACH SPE C IF IE D CAUSE OF TOTAL
D EA T H S—Concluded.

Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.

Cities.

73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
137
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
337
138
139
140

Memphis, T en n ............
Milwaukee, W i s . ____
Minneapolis, M inn----Mobile, A la ....................
N ashville, T enn............
Newark, N. J ..................
N ew Bedford, M a ss...
N ew Haven, Conn........
N ew Orleans, L a ..........
Newport, K v..................
N ew York, isT. Y ............
Norfolk, V a ....................
Oakland, C a l..................
Omaha. N eb r..................
Oshkosh, W is................
Paterson, N . J ___ ____
Paw tucket, R. I ............
Peoria, 111 ......................
Philadelphia, P a ..........
Pittsburg, P a ___ :___
Portland, Me. (d) ..........
Portland, O regon..........
Providence, R. I ............
Pueblo, Colo....................
Quincy, 111......................
Reading, P a .......... .........
Richmond, Y a................
Rochester, N. Y ............
Rockford, 111..................
Sacramento, Cal............
Saginaw, Mich, (e) ........
St. Joseph, M o..............
St. Louis, M o ................
St. Paul, M in n ..............
Salem, M ass....................
Salt Lake City, U ta h ..
San Antonio, T ex ........
San Francisco, C al___
Savannah, G a ................
Scranton, P a ..................
Seattle, W ash-----. ___
Sioux City, Io w a..........
Somerville, M ass..........
South Bend, I n d ..........
Spokane, W a sh ............
Springfield, 111..............
Springfield, M a ss........
Springfield, M o ............
Springfield, Ohio..........
Superior, W is................
Syracuse, N. Y ..............
Tacoma, W ash..............
Taunton, M ass..............
Terre Haute, I n d ........
Toledo, O hio..................
Topeka, H an s................
Trenton, N . J ................
Troy, N . Y ......................
Utica, N . Y ....................
W ashington, D. C ........
W ater bury, Conn..........
Wheeling,' W . Y a ..........
W ilkesbarre, P a ..........
W illiamsport, P a ........
W ilm ington, D el..........
W orcester, M ass..........
Yonkers, N . Y ..............
Youngstown, O hio___

M enin­
gitis Ma­
and ras­
Con­ Pneu­ Heart Vio­ A po­ Diph­ Chol­
Can­
Bron­
mus
era
sump­ mo­ dis­ lence. plexy. the­ infan­ cer. chitis. cere­
bro­ and
tion. nia. ease.
ria. tum.
spinal inani­
menin­ tion.
gitis.
13. 85
10. 92
13. 22
16. 25
15.12
14.62
8. 84
12. 50
12. 87
20. 33
12.04
13. 72
13.28
11.76
12. 87
11.57
11. 90
8.39
11.89
6. 77
10. 30
13. 54
11.37
16. 56
9.27
10.06
13.17
12.19
14. 61
14. 22
8.36
8. 74
11.37
11.34
6.79
7. 09
(0
15. 95
11.77
4. 51
10. 46
4. 27
11. 55
10. 47
10. 49
12. 23
10. 99
(c)
11.78
4.33
15.97
10.15
11. 85
6. 46
9. 94
9. 65
11.84
5.16
12. 21
12.05
7.60
11. 32
6. 42
11. 34
7.34
12. 26
11.45
7. 77

13.92 3.66 6.15 2.271 0.37 1.61
7.84 7.741 6.26 3.70 ; 1.49 11.78
11. 27 5.25 | 5.50 1.90 1.49 1.80
5. 41 9. 631 5.05 2.17 .72 1. 44
7.74 6. 62: 5. 06 2.12 1 1.12 1. 75
8. 85 8. 76 4. 86 5. 98 3.18 7-16
6. 72 7. 55 .09 4.42 1.10 10. 59
10.11 9. 22 3.94 4. 33 1.67 3.56
6. 35 8. 26 4.40 3. 40 .18 2. 30
11.42 12. 53 3.62
4.18 5.57
12. 59 6. 36 5. 72 ” 3.’69 2. 27 3.35
8.67 6.91 .22 1.65 . 66 3.84
7. 89 12. 53 7.14; 5.76 2.01 .63
10.97 9. 62 9. 84| 2. 49 a 1.81 4.98
5. 94 10. 56 . 99 1. 65 .99 2. 64
8.75 6. 62 4.32! 4.78 4. 95 2. 82
7. 25 6. 32 2. 60l 6.13 1.11 7. 25j
9. 06 5.20 7. 38 2. 68 1.51 3.69
11.38 6.42 4. 621 3.86 4. 58 5. 04
12. 49 4.16 8. 60 2.39 1,29 (c)
10. 06 6. 67 2. 91 5.58 2.30 1. 94
7. 24 8. 67 5.70 , 1.78 1.42 1.07
8.19 8. 29 4.93 4.30 1.05 5. 04
11. 98 6. 75 7. 63 2.61 2.18 4.14
12.31 9. 27 3.20 1 3.03 .34 1.69
6. 58 8.55 4. 23; 7. 90 .75 4. 79
8.07 6.18 2.40 3.03 .29 3.66
8. 58 7. 26 3.01 6. 44 a 1.92 2. 65
8.99 7.49 4. 87j . 75 8. 61 3. 00
11.21 7.76 6.471 2. 37 2. 59 .86
8.04 9.15 8.20 j 1.89 .63 2.21
7. 93 4. 85 4.53 1.62 1.46 3. 72
9. 85 6.42 7.06 2.14 1.73 4. 69
14.12 6. 38 5.40 1.91 3. 27 1.85
6. 79 11.32 2. 45 4.34 .57 3. 96
8. 24 6. 71 3.83 1.72 1. 34 2.49
(c) | (c)
(c)
(c) (c) (c)
10. 01 10. 02 6. 74 4. 32 2. 35 .72
4. 62 1.49 6. 26 1.04 . 30! . 67
8. 271 6. 39 6.14 2. 76 3.26| 6.83
9.12 10. 01 11.96 .90 6. 58 2. 54
9. 61 9. 61 2. 49 .36 2. 49 3.56
9. 40 8. 45 3. 93 4. 76 1.19; 6. 07
6. 59 5.43 6. 59 4. 26 . 77} .77
12. 95 7. 37 4.46 .67 1. 78, 3. 35
9. 53 7. 37 7.91 2.16 1. 44! 1.80
8. 85 7. 63 4. 07 0. 411 2.24: 5.09
(c)
(c)
(c) (c)
5. 08 13.17 (c)
5. 08 (0
7. 39 1.621 3 . 23
17.63 4. 05 8. 09 2.02, .87! 8.67
8.46 4. 67 4.73 1.70 2.59j 6.57
8. 36 8.06 8.06 2.68, .60 ; 2.39
7.18 8. 98 .54 2.15: . 18 1. 97
7.35 6.90 8. 24 1. 561 .67 1. 34
7. 61 6. 09 8.20 1. 31! 1. 52 4.13
7.43 6.44 6.19 .25 .99 3. 22
14. 07 8.00 5. 57 4. 25| 1.62 11.54
14. 76 6. 61 1.77 1.21 .73 5. 08
8.41 6.61 4. 41 2. 60 1.20 3.10
8. 59 8. 50 3.94 4. 33 2. 94 2.18
8. 82 6. 78 4. 07 2. 44 1.63 9. 23
9. 02 6. 72 5. 57 2. 69 .38 2. 88
11.34 6. 28 6.69 2. 60 2.19 6.83
10. 00 12. 67 2. 00 6. 00 1. 00 3. 00
10. 53 3. 20 . 8G 2.69 7. 26 2. 76
11.99 10.49 1.00 5. 60 1. 89 7. 33
9. 65 9.10 4. 69 3. 86 4.14 3.31
11.74 8.14 9. 66 2. 27 .95 4. 36

1.32
5.74
5. 45
2. 89
2.50
3.14
4. 60
3.94
2. 64
2. 79
3.12
2.30
5. 39
3. 05
4. 62
3.11
3.16
4. 36
3. 08
2. 27
3.03
5.34
4. 20
.65
3.71
5.17
.63
5. 02
3.74
2. 80
5. 20
2. 59
3. 45
3. 00
3.96
4. 60!
(c)
5. 70!
.22 ;
1. 38
4.48
2. 49!
4. 76
2. 71!
2. 45;
3.96 ,
4. 58;
<c)
4. 62
2.02 :
2. 34
2.09
2. 33
2.23
3. 34
2. 72
2. 43
1.94
3.60
2. 99
1.49
4. 22
2.05
3.00
1.74
3. 33
1.52
3. 22

1.46
6. 29
1.34
1.32
1.50
3. 38
2.58
4. 56
3. 23
3.06
3.00
.99
3.01
.57
1.32
3. 22
5. 39
1.68
2.00
2. 95
2. 67
1.42
3.53
1. 09
4. 05
1. 69
1.89
3.19
3.37
.86
3. 00
1. 91
3.97
1. 91
3.96
4.41
(<*
2.74
.45
2.94
1.19
1.42
2.74
1.16
3.79
4.32
2.44
<e)
3.70
1.73
4.10
2.09
1.97
.45
3. 34
.49
2. 94
2.10
1.30
2. 43
5.02
3. 26
3.82
3. 00
1.16
3.55
4. 69
5.30

a Including croup,
fc Included in diphtheria,
c Not reported.
d N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.
e Data are for 16 months.



2.12
3.73
5. 81
2.41
2. 75
4.21
5.43
3.33
2.30
2. 85
4.39
1.13
3. 62
1. 98
3. 80
3. 72
1. 34
3.18
1. 73
4.12
3.68
4.23
4. 79
6.41
2.44
7.15
3.70
3.74
3.02
3. 63
2. 43
/3 . 53
6. 98
4. 53
2. 68
(c)
2. 20
1. 04
5. 20
3. 74
4. 63
5.12
2.33
4. 24
5.21
5. 29
(e)
.92
6. 07
4.61
8.06
2.15
5.79
1. 52
2. 23
13. 87
2. 90
5.21
3. 04
4.21
3. 84
2.73
2. 33
2.61
3. 88
5.24
2. 46

1.25
6. 70
6. 23
3.61
3.25
4.83
9.12
2.05
2. 97
3. 35
2. 41
3. 63
4. 64
1. 65
5.12
3.16
1. 01
6.46
3. 76
3.52
.71
1.85
3.05
2.19
3. 95
4. 35
3. 92
3. 00
4. 74
1. 89
1.62
4. 83
5. 45
4. 72
3. 83
(c)
4.58
4.10
3. 63
3. 29
3. .56
3.10
1. 55
3. 57
1.98
6. 00
( c)
2. €0
1.58
3.88
4. 67
5. 79
7.76
4.05
3. 55
2.10
2. 65
1.90
2. 50
.14
3. 33
7.70
M .89
3.45
4.55

STATISTICS OF CITIES.
ERCEHTAGE OF D EA T H S FROM EACH SPE C IFIE D CAUSE OF TO
D EA T H S—Concluded.
D ysen­
lartery SeptiA ll
T y­ Hydro­
A lco­ Whoop­
inal
phoid cepha­ Scarla­
and 1csninia. Croup. holism.
ing other All
tina. entero
;
lever. lu s.
cough. causes. causes. inn­
er.
colitis.
0.15
4. 25
1. 68
.07
1.35
1.59
.10
2.16
4. 42 0.31
3. 85
2.77
2. 00
1. 37
.36
3. 61
.98
.24
.37
1.57
.18
1.57
8.56
.39
2.17
.11
.01
3. 67
2.74
.07
10. 03
1.05
1. 35 1. 09 4. 07
1.10
3. 29 1.10
1.43
.13
.25
1.13
.11
2. 15
3.62
.34
.33
1. 65
00
.40
2.02
. 56 3. 53
1.49
. 74
.67
.34
1.85
.16
.52
.44
2.93
.16
.48
4. 38
.30
2.06
.24
4. 36
.71
.24
2. 38
1.61
.14
1.36
.14
1. 31 2. 83
5.01
2.19
3. 03
.17
1. 69
.09
.38
4.79
.12
2. 86
1. 66
.12
.14
.36
1. 32
1.00
. 38
5. 39
1 .21
.47 ,
. 95
.95
. 16
.32 ; 1.13
1. 94
1. 08 (9)
.32
. 60
.38
1.47
2.35
.76
.38
! 2.07
1.89
.19
4.41
2. 30 3.83
(c)
O')
(c) i O')
. 87
.11
2. 17
.14
.07
1.49
. 45 1.94
.12
.88
.25
1.32
.60
3. 59
.15
2. 49
1 4,27
.83
1.31
1.19
3. 49
.39
. 39 1.16
4. 24
2. 68
2. 52!
. 18
. 18
9.77
1.53>.............. 1 .10
O')
(c)2 08 I (<o 1 (c)
. 02
1 .92
2 311 ______ ! 1.10
1. 73
2. 97 1
!
. 82
. 32
.89
.30
4.48
1.44
. 18 6. 20
.45
3.34
2. 25
3.41
!
.36
1
.25
2.47
2. 23
.20
1.21
.10 |
.40
3.55
.08
.40 10.61
1.20 ’ "’ " .’26
2.86
.12
3.16
.32
1.76
!
.41
4.07
6. 33
. 38 2. 50
2.32
2. 60
1J
.14
1
1.67
3.00
. 36
.22
.58
1.96
.39
.28
.72
.05
.83
. 27 1.52
3.03
5.30
.........'57




0. 88
.38
1. 65
2. 05
1.25j
1.03 !
.28!
.11 !
.54!

0.62
.05
. 75
.02
.55

.33
.07 1
.50 !
.22
.63
<&)
.40
1
1.85 i
.81
.50 ;
.48 ;
.12!
.39 1
1. 53
. 17
1.69
.40
(b)
1.12
.43
.31
1.62
.58
1. 25
.38

0.22
.62
.52
. 36
.56
. 261
• 37
.39]
- 25!
.52
.66
.25
.45
. 33
.35
.50
.22

L 83
.77 1
. 12
.19 ,
1.05
.64 i
2.89
.67 ,
1
1.11
3. 07;
.13 ■
.57 1
1
.29 !
. 37l
.34 1
.74
3. 35!
1.45
.36
2. 06
.68
.17

.88!
.75
1.58
2. 31
.121
.50
.52!!
.50
.50
.85!!
.12
.83!i
.36
.21
.63
1. 53!
4. 05!
.17
.75 !
.38
.46 ;
.12
.46
.09 ! 1.10
.43
1. 08
.16
.16
.31
.49
.32
.32
1.03
.33
. o3.
.33
1.15
.38|
.38
.57
1. 89J
3.45
. 57
1.15
(e)1.09 | O) .08 (c). 55 (e) \!
.38
.15
.45
.52
.44! 3.01
.19
.81
.15
.60
. 75
• 45
. 36
3. 20
.71
.60
.24 !
.36
.12
1.16
.39
. 451
1. 341
. 45
1. 80:
. 36
. 54 .............. !
.71
.10
. 91
.61'
(c) | O')
(c) \
. 69
1 16 0)
..............
. 58: 1.16
. 38,
. 38
. 06
1. 79,
.60
.30
.30!
.541
.54 ..............|
.22!
. 22
.89|
. 22
^36
.'07
• 87j
.65
1.73
.25
.49
.40
1.11
.10
.10
.81
.48
.08
.40;
.60
. 10 1.50
.29
.20
.08
.29
.41
.14
1.08
.41
1. 34 1. 73 9. 41
1. 09
.55
.33
.67
. 33
1.24
.58
.07 .........65
.05
1.61
.28
.39
. 14
1.10
.38
.19
2.46

/In clu d in g hydrocephalus.
g Included in m eningitis.
Mnapition included in “A ll other causes.”
i Including inanition.

39. 27!
14. 79
21.09,
27. 20;
36.48
16. 23
25.97j
18. 00
36.95
15.88
22. 881
33.70
26.44
17.31
46.21
32.70
24.54
38.92
21. 55
38.60
28.85
38. 84
27.81
23. 31
24. 96
28. 29
38. 98
23. 96
31. 09
29. 96
37. 70
49.19,
27. 28!
25. 411
31. 511
19. 541
(c) |
21. C5
56. 18
38. 66
25.41|
38. 431
27. 02
44. 96
29. 691
26. 80!
9. 661
(c)
26.10|
33. 24
80. 05
28. 06
38. 96'
42. 54!
26. 69
45. 79|
9.11
43. 39,
26. 53
30. 43
31.61!
17. 08'
33. 201
27. 67!
42. 56
i 2i. 47
28.14
21. 78

100. 00
100. 00!
100. 00;
100.G
O
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100.00
100. 00
100.00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100.00
100.00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100.00
100. 00
100. 00
100.00
100.00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
(C )
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
100. 00
J00. 00;

loo. oo;
ioo.
oo!
100. OOj
100. 001

100. 00,
(C )
100. 00,

100. ooi
100. oo{

100. 00!

100. 00
100.00
100. 00

100.
0000
100.
100.
00
100. 00
100.00
100.
00
100.00
100.
100.
000000
100.
100. 00
100.00
100. 00

73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
8J
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111

112

113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

656

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able V I.—D E A T H RATE PER 1,000 PO PU L A T IO N .
[Tlio population figures given in the first column of this table are in each case the estim ates of the
local health department, and are the basis of the official death rate. The figures given in the third
column as the estim ated population on January 1, 1890, are based on estim ates o f the various offi­
cials in each of the cities and on recent local censuses. The estim ates furnished to the Department
were compared and revised and were afterwards approved by the city officials as here published.]

Cities.

Population
estim ated
by health
depart­
ment.

40,000
Akron, O h io ...............................................................................
100, 000
Albany, N. Y ............................................................-*...............
330, 000
A llegheny, P a ............................................ , .............................
35, 000
A llentow n, P a ...........................................................................
40, 000
Altoona, P a ..................................................................................
120, 000 ,
Atlanta, G a.................................................................................
30,000
Auburn, N. Y ..............................................................................
50. 000
A ugusta, G a................................................................................
541,000
Baltimore, M d ............................................................................
38.
000
Bay City, M ic h ..........................................................................
45, 000
Biughamton, N. Y ....................................................................
35,
000
Birmingham, A la ......................................................................
541,827
Boston, M a ss..............................................................................
GO, 000
Bridgeport, C on n ......................................................................
37, 278
Brockton, M ass..........................................................................
370, 000
Buffalo, N. Y ................................................................................
50, 000
Butte, M ont.................................................................................
89,724
Cambridge, M ass......................................................................
70, 000
Camden, N. J ..............................................................................
40, 000
Canton, Ohio...............................................................................
65,165
Charleston. S. C..........................................................................
40, 000
Chattanooga, Tenn....................................................................
33, 468
Chelsea, M ass.............................................................................
Chicago, 111................................................................................. 1,619, 226
405,
000
Cincinnati, O hio........................................................................
370, 000
Cleveland, Ohio..........................................................................
140,
000
Columbus, Ohio..........................................................................
50,000
Covington, K y ...........................................................................
50,
000
Dallas, T e x ..................................................................................
(a)
Davenport, Iow a.......................................................................
85, 000
Dayton, O h io ..............................................................................
167,000
Denver, Colo...............................................................................
72, 000
D es Moines, Iow a......................................................................
300, 000
Detroit, M ich ..............................................................................
Dubuque, Io w a ..........................................................................
45, 000
60, 000
D uluth, M inn.............................................................................
Elizabeth, N. J ...........................................................................
50, 000
35, 000
Elmira, N. Y ................................................................................
58, 000
Erie, P a .........................................................................................
70, 000
Evansville, I n d ..........................................................................
101,000
Fall River, M ass........................................................................
Fort W ayne, In d .......................................................................
48, 000
Fort Worth, T ex ........................................................................
(a)
Galveston, T e x ..........................................................................
60,000
Gloucester, M a ss......................................................................
30, 500
Grand Rapids, M ich ................................................................
90, 000
Harrisburg, P a .......... ..............................................................
(a)
Hartford, C on n .........................................................................
74,000
Haverhill, M ass.........................................................................
37, 348
Hoboken, 1ST. J ............................................................................
60, COO
Holyoke, M ass...........................................................................
44, 214
Houston, T e x .............................................................................
75,000
Indianapolis, I n d ......................................................................
200, 000
Jersey City, N. J ........................................................................
195, 847
Johnstown, P a............................................................................
32, 000
Joliet, 111......................................................................................
(a)
Kansas Citv, K ans....................................................................
(d)
K ansas Citv, M o........................................................................
200, 000
K noxville, T en n ........................................................................
50,000
LaCrosse, W is...........................................................................
32, 000
Lancaster, P a ..............................................................................
43,160
57,263
Lawrence, M a ss........................................................................
Lincoln, N ebr..............................................................................
60, 000
Little Rock, A rk ........................................................................
40, 000
Los Angeles, C a l......................................................................
103, 000
Louisville, K y ............ ...............................................................
225,000
Lowell, M a s s ..............................................................................
87, 000
a N ot reported.
b For 15 months.



Official
Death rate
death
on basis of
rate (not
population
includ­ Estimated Jan. 1, 1899
ing pre­ population (not includ­
mature Jan. 1,1899. ing prema­
births
ture birlhs
and still­
and still­
born).
born).
40, 000
100,000
125, 000
35, 000
40, 000
96,500
32, COO
50, 0C0
511,000
38, 000
45,000
37, 500
582, 463
70, 000
37, 278
400, 000
50, 000
90, COO
70, 000
44, 290
68, 000
30,0C0
33,468
1, 850, 000
415, 000
380, 000
140, 000
55, 000
50, 000
40, 000
85,000
170,000
70, 000
350, 000
45,0C0
60, 000
50, COO
42, 000
60,000
67, 000
97, 517
50, 000
85,000
60, 000
30, 500
99,000
50,000
77,000
36,100
64,463
44,982
60, 000
200, 000
195, 847
31, 000
(a)
30, 000
id)
48, 000
10. 73
200,000
12. 84
40, 000
12.19
32,000
13. 44
43,160
18.02
57, 263
60, 000
5.90
16. 08
40, 000
15. 62
110, 000
13. 59
225, 000
20. 37
88, 641
cFor 13 months.
(fXo health officer.
12.25
18.76
14.16
12. 63
13. 00
13. 88
13. 00
15.56
18. 82
8. 05
14. 87
15.43
18. 54
16. 09
11.64
12. 25
9. 20
17.19
16.41
8. 08
29. 06
12. 35
18.94
13. 92
12. 86
12. 37
9. 92
14. 04
12. 66
(a)
13.18
11.54
hi . 56
13.89
c 9. 27
10.10
14. 52
13. 57
10. 97
11.81
17. 80
12. 69
(a)
10. 50
12. 20
10.99
(a)
17. 00
12. 77
20. 08
17. 48
8.52
10. 83
18. 36
13.41

12. 25
18. 76
14. 73
12.63
13.00
17. 26
12. 19
15. 56
18. 82
8. 05
14.87
14.40
17.24
15.17
11.64
11.33
9. 20
17.13
16.41
7. 29
27. 85
16. 47
18.94
12.18
12. 58
12. 04
9.92
12. 76
12.66
11.05
13.18
11.34
bl . 77
11.91
c 9.27
10.10
14. 52
11. 31
10. 60
12. 34
18.44
12.18
(a)
10. 50
12. 20
9. 99
12. 06
16. 34
13.21
19. 36
17.18
10. 65
10. 83
18.36
13. 84
12.37
14.75
10 73
16. 05
12.19
13.44
18.02
5. 90
16. 08
14. 63
13. 59
19. 99

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

657

T able VI.—DEATH RATE PER 1,000 POPULATION—Concluded.

Cities.

Norfolk, V a..................................................................................
Oshkosh, W is ...........................................................................

Portland, O regon .....................................................................
Providence, R. I ........................................................................
Pueblo, Colo................................................................................
Quincy, 111....................................................................................
Read i n jo*, P a.......... ......................................................... .....
Richmond,Va ............................................................................
Rochester, N. V ........................................................................
Rockford, IJ1................................................................................
Sacramento, C a l........................................................................
Saginaw, M ic h ..........................................................................
St. Josenli, M o............ -.............................................................
St. Louis, M o..............................................................................
St. Paul, M in n ..........................................................................
Salem, M ass................................................................................
Salt Lake City, U ta h ..............................................................
San Antonio, T e x ....................................................................
San Francisco, C al..................................................................
Savannah, G a ............................................................................
Scranton, P a ..............................................................................
Seattle, W ash.............................................................................
Sioux City, Iow a........................................................................
Somerville, M ass........................................................................
South Bend, In d ........................................................................
Spokane, W ash..........................................................................
Springfield, 111...........................................................................
Springfield, M ass.....................................................................
Springfield, M o.........................................................................
Springfield, Ohio.......................................................................
Superior, W is...........................................................................
Syracuse, N . V ............................................................................
Tacoma, W ash............................................................................
Taunton, M a ss.................... ..................................................
Terre Haute, Tnd .
_
__
Toledo, Ohio................................................................................
Topeka, K an s.............................................................................
Trenton, N. J .............................................................................
Troy, N . Y .................... ............................................................
Utica, N . Y ..................................................................................
AVasliington, D . C ....................................................................
Waterbury, Conn......................................................................
W heeling, W . V a ......................................................................
W ilkesbarre, P a ........................................................................
W illiamsport, P a .....................................................................
AVilmington, D el........................................................................
AVorcester, M ass.............................................. ........................
Yonkers, N . Y ............................................................................
Youngstown, Ohio....................................................................

Population
estimated
by health
depart­
ment.
65, 000
35, 000
28, 000
32, 500
60,000
61,747
280,000
225, 602
31, 076
110, 834
235, 000
56, 000
110, 000
275,000
31, 500
3, 438, 899
65,000
75,000
140,452
30, 000
107,864
36, 088
70, 259
1,240, 266
298, 772
41,500
92,413
162, 000
40, 000
43, 000
76, 000
90, 000
175, 000
35, 000
30, 000
60, 000
70,000
623, 000
215,582
35, 000
70, 000
(c)
360, 000
(c)
105,0C0
70, 000
(c)
60,000
32, 000
40, 000
42, 000
56, 500
(c)
40, 000
30,000
130, 000
50, 000
27, 815
43.000
151,520
35.000
65, 554
65. 000
55* 000
287, 462
45, 000
38, 000
50, 000
32, 000
73,000
108, 463
42, 000
50,167

Official
Death rate
death
on basis of
rate (not
population
includ­ Estimated Jan. 1,1899
ing pre­ population (not includ­
mature Jan. 1,1899. ing prema­
births
ture births
and stilland still­
horn).
born).
14. 03
13.11
19. 43
13. 23
16.28
22.11
10. 34
8. 62
26. 74
14.45
17. 78
19. 39
16. 36
24. 39
11. 40
18. G8
14. 02
10. 64
6. 29
10.10
16.10
14. 91
8. 48
17.56
10. 66
19. 88
9.11
17. 65
11. 48
13. 79
14. 00
19. 41
12. 52
7.63
15.46
b 10. 57
8. 83
14.13
8. 51
15.14
7. 46
(c)
18.18
(c)
15. 20
9. 56
(c)
14. 00
8. 06
11. 20
13. 24
17.40
(c)
10. 83
11. 53
12.18
6. 70
20. 03
10.44
9.10
11. 54
15. 07
19. 08
18.16
20. 58
16. 38
13.71
14. 64
9. 37
18. 86
16. 61
17. 26
10.52

a N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6, 1899.
b For 16 months.



67, 099
32, 000
30, 000
32, 500
55, 000
75, 000
280,000
225,602
38, 000
90, 000
275,000
56, 000
110,000
285, 000
31, 500
3, 500, 000
65.000
75.000
158, 000
30, 000
110,500
35, 000
52, 000
1, 240, 266
298, 772
41, 500
92, 413
166, 000
43, 645
43, 000
76, 000
105,000
175, 000
33, 000
34, 765
60, 000
75, 000
623,000
215, 582
36, 000
70, 000
<c)
360, 000
65, 000 i
105, 000
75, 000
35,000
60, 000
32, 000
45, 000
42, 000
57, 676
30, 000
40, 000
35, 000
130, 000
50, 000
30, 000
40, 000
142, 000
35,’ 000
73, 000
67 j 000
60, 000
287, 462
41, 000
38, 000
50, 000
32, 000
72’ 000
105, 000
45, 000
52, 052

13.59
14. 34
18.13
13.23
17. 76
18. 20
10. 34
8.62
21.87
17. 79
15. 20
19. 39
16.36
23. 53
11.40
18. 35
14. 02
10. 64
5. 59
10.10
15. 72
15. 37
11.46
17. 56
16. 66
19. 88
9.11
17. 22
10. 52
13. 79
14. 00
16. 64
12. 52
8. 09
13. 85
b 10. 57
8. 24
14.13
8. 51
14. 72
7. 46
<c) 18.18
20. 65
15. 20
8. 92
8. 03
14. 00
8. 06
9. 96
13. 24
17. 04
(c)
10. 83
9. 89
12.18
6. 70
18. 57
11.23
9.71
11.54
13. 53
18. 51
16. 65
20. 58
17. 98
13. 71
14. 64
9. 37
19.13
17.16
16.11
10.14

c N ot reported.

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
T able VII.—AREA OF STREETS PAVED, BY KIND OF PAVEMENT.

Square yards of streets]

.arnal
lmer.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75

Cities.
Akron, Ohio..............
Albany, N. Y ............
A llegheny, P a ..........
Allentown, P a ..........
Altoona, P a ..............
Atlanta, G a ..............
Auburn, N. Y ..........
A ugusta, Ga..............
Baltimore, M d..........
Bay City, M ich........
Binghamton, N. Y ..
Birmingham, A la ...
Boston, M a ss............
Bridgeport, C onn...
Brockton, M a ss----Buffalo, N. Y ............
Butte, M ont..............
Cambridge, M a ss...
Camden, N. J ............
Canton, O h io............
Charleston, S. C ----Chattanooga, T en n .
Chelsea, M a ss..........
Chicago, 111................
Cincinnati, O hio....
Cleveland, Ohio .. . .
Columbus, O h io ___
Covington, K y ........
Dallas, T ex ................
Davenport, Iow a . . .
Dayton, Ohio............
Denver, C olo............
Des Moines, Iowa ..
Detroit, M ich ..........
Dubuque, Iow a........
Duluth, M in n ..........
Elizabeth, N. J ........
Elmira, N. Y .............
Erie, P a ....................
Evansville, T nd___
Fall River, Mass . . .
Fort W ayne, In d .. .
Fort W orth, T e x . . .
Galveston, T ex ........
Gloucester, M ass...
Grand Rapids, Mich
Harrisburg, P a ........
Hartford, Conn........
H averhill, M a ss----Hoboken, N. J"..........
Holyoke, M a ss........
Houston, T e x ..........
Indianapolis, In d ...
Jersey City, N. J .. .
Johnstown, P a ........
Joliet, 111....................
Kansas City, Kans .
Kansas City, M o---Knoxville, Tenn----La Crosse, W is ........
Lancaster, P a ___ __
Lawrence, M a ss----Lincoln, N e b r ..........
L ittle Rock, Ark .. .
Los Angeles, C a l.. .
Louisville, K y ..........
Lowell, M a ss............
Lynn, M ass................
McKeesport, P a ----Macon, G a..................
Malden, M a ss..........
M anchester, N. H ..
Memphis, T enn........
M ilwaukee, W is----Minneapolis, M inn .
Mobile, A la ..............
a N ot reported.




Cobble­
stones.
413, 737
397,690
1,576
5, 815, 610
6,444
12, 471

256, 566
82, 530
I 45,800
I 1,213,000
50, 450
83,700

Granite
blocks.
61, 500
527, 037
46, 358
14, 521
929, 456
24, 207
638, 336
61, 025
1, 859, 248
23,280
133, 375
25,182
205, 333
107, 383
166,138
59, 524
88, 000
526, 200
968, 350
1, 619, 200
158,498
20,466

24, 525
19, 941
5, 280
86,"37 i
8, 700
2, 140

38,123

.1

52, 800
105, 800

13, 288
371

12,415 !
80,390 !
280,000 1
18, 000
194, 555 j
9,540 I
I
i,i99,760" |
I’*” i54,'()2i’
300 |
4,400 :
49, 841
I

i
457, 207

2, 790
56, 973

29, 038
76, 445
12, 310
22, 500
54,162
478,143
295, 985
88,000
138, 840
63,000
41, 066
71,100
57, 774
195,110
155,985

b Including unpaved streets.

STATISTICS OF CITIES,
T able VII.—AEE1 OF STREETS PAYED, BY KIND OF PAVEMENT.

Square yards of streets paved with—
A sphalt
and asphalt
blocks.
8, 800
164,133
555, 559
105, 842
35, 728
1, 000
51,398
538, 135
117,290
210,388
35,000
3,900, 631
16, 424
96, 546
17,130
78, 830
1, 335, 000
406,700
130, 210
335, 577
74, 567
343,106
371, 684
470,925 |
100 I
17,596
199,974
46, 933
2, 142
117,201
89, 566
90,516
122, 577
95, 000
19, 866
19, 910
826, 725
179,520
9, 695
44, 000
1,129, 427
21, 728
5, 884
142, 850
175, 340
18,442
50, 356
153, 866
199, 978




Macadam.

254,
6,
89,
601.
307,
400,
36.
25!
950,
4, 996,
1, 342,
45,
59,
410, 666
1,403
29, 818
136, 666
7,202,000
3,074, 000
95, 235
258,000
409, 024
264, 000
189, 484
999, 256
570, 240
35.015
681,777
1, 703
1,750,000
86, 000
22,176
560, 060
1,314,131
101, 340
10, 111

24, 640
74, 507
253.440
205, 333
294, 029
46, 640
990,157
490, 000
413, 952
568, 000
244,145
86, 400
2, 264, 013
258. 400
2, 053; 333
3, 000

G ravel.

24, 000
20, 530
159, 931
100, 000
1, 575, 596
980, 720
1, 700, 000

112, 640
85, 794
484, 000
26, 000

2, 288, 000
10, 000
440,000
624, 624
2,234, 647
j 1, 085, 350
2, 269, 098
.................... .
......................
j 2,138, 400
1, 075, 078
| 99,550
, b 5, 280, 000
I.................... .
1 1,188,
ei, 6326
00

Total square Square yards
yards of
A ll other
of streets
kinds of streets paved. impaved.
pavements.

tr­
ial
tnr.

322, 567
1,388, 555
1, 721, 481
259,160
165, 765
1, 088, 736
677, 656
543, 459
7, 500, 709
444, 990
175, 227
1, 014, 951
8, 660, 437
2, 381, 300
1, 938, 890
6, 248,143
25,182
632, 423
718, 501
260, 480
511, 421
349, 766
752, 666
24, 939, 000
6,122, 550
2, 575, 440
2,144, 775
432,167
583, 202
731, 684
2, 936,190
436, 770
1, 534, 195
4, 817, 891
1, 574, 147
2, 335, 344
396, 000
981, 723
406,141
586, 666
3, 033, 066
477, 938
1, 750, 000
254, 507
1, 233, 350
2, 676, 256
657, 360
1, 450, 550
2, 320,130
375, 000
1, 349, 543
383, 518
56, 782.712
1, 641, 520
564, 687
1,584, 000
645, 920
2, 804, 929
586, 000
2, 243, 632
669, 110
1,107, 475
575, 755
316, 000
4, 961, 026
4, 042, 906
2,731, 912
3, 219, 222
437, 570
119, 480
41, 066
3, 497, 559
580, 355
1,441,112
5, 343, 865
440,000

1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

24, 206

2,180, 081
254, 340
131,580
8, 976

65, 086
87, 470
337, 920
28,722
3,713
41, 070
87,3l2'

1, 829, 680
788, 885
168,000
4, 423, 467
8, 470
2,157, 085
1, 074, 222
10, 000
27,300
168, 633 3, 204, 680
8,218
321,236
8,712
72, 778 3, 769, 216
10, 263
88,000
35,200
123,200
c Included in gravel streets.

1, 584, 000
1, 309, 440
1,267,200
700,000
1, 070, 138
2, 409, 968
475, 200
1, 914, 445
825, 000
1, 777, 600
2, 016, 000
2, 315, 003
321, 391
431, 800
6,019, 200
1, 026, 667
3, 080, 000
671, 915
1, 180, 267
823, 209
640, 000
161, 333
53, 961, 000
4, 000, 000
4, 699, 178
6, 000, OUO
176, 000
2, 743, 197
1,144, 000
88, 000
30, 832, 563
9,475, 805
3, 520, 000
1, 675, 853
1, 716, 000
1,119, 360
1, 320, 000
2, 816, 000
3,000, 000
1, 110, 000
6,3 66, 937
(a)
2, 317, 656
422, 400
840,576
418,400
2, 816, 000
1, (c)
878, 480
872, 646
1,906,080
5, 024, 289
586, 667
418, 000
157, 378
5, 924, 245
3,168, 000
8, 072, 533
1, 777, 600
585,555
2, 466, 430
2, 270, 120
2, 258, 663
2, 816, 000
4, 413, 226
6, 844, 949
l, 249, 600
( a )

2

20
21

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,
ABLE VII.—AREA. OF STREETS PAVED, BY KIND OF PAVEMENT—Corn
Square yards of streets j

Liarinal
amjer.
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
10 5
106
10 7
108
100
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Cities.
N ashville, T en n ...........
Newark, N. J ................
New Bedford, Mass ..
N ew HaveD, Conn----N ew Orleans, L a..........
Newport, K y ................
N ew York, N. Y ..........
Norfolk, V a ..................
Oakland, C a l................
Omaha, N e b r ................
Oshkosh, W is ..............
Paterson, N. J ..............
Paw tucket, R. I ..........
Peoria, 111......................
Philadelphia, P a..........
Pittsburg, P a ................
Portland, Me. ( a ) ........
Portland, Oregon........
Providence, R. I ..........
Pueblo, Colo..................
Quincy, 111....................
Reading, P a ..................
Richmond, V a ..............
Rochester, N. Y ..........
Rockford, 111................
Sacramento, Cal ........
Saginaw, M ich ..........
St. Joseph, M o..............
St. Louis, M o................
St. Paul, M inn..............
Salem, M ass..................
Salt Lake City, U tah .
San Antonio, T e x ----San Francisco, Cal . . .
Savannah, G a ..............
Scranton, P a ................
Seattle, W a sh ..............
Sioux City, Io w a ........
Somerville, M a ss........
South Bend, I n d ........
Spokane, W ash............
Springfield, 111.............
Springfield, M ass........
Springfield, M o.............
Springfield, O hio........
Superior, W is ..............
Syracuse, N. Y ............
Tacoma, W a s h .............
Taunton, M a ss............
Terre Haute, In d ........
Toledo, O h io ................
Topeka, K a n s..............
Trenton, N. J ................
Troy, N. Y ....................
Utica, N. Y ....................
W ashington, D. C ___
Waterbury, C onn----W heeling, W. V a........
Wilkesbarre, P a ..........
W illiamsport. P a ........
W ilm ington, D e l........
W orcester, M a s s ........
Yonkers, N. Y ..............
Youngstown, Ohio . . .

Cobble­
stones.

Granite
blocks.

297,513
210,140
3, 816
712,624
18, 000
4, 213, 616
85,000
42, 240
17, 506
2, 920, 664
1,147, 415
22, 355
89,408

i
|
i
;

46, 626
948, 077
37, 554
97, 633
500, 896
8, 201, 600
165, 000
114, 626
68, 640
97,155
29, 622
5, 760, 509
1,722, 874
154, 250
117,765
516, 912

262, 494 j
5, 500
................ I 464,640
27, 780 !......................
23,040 |
6, 933
108,541
910
2, 674
, 060, 857
36,149
281, 600
8, 274
(d)
(d )
429, 289
178,291
58, 302
32, 860 i
98, 558
50, 790

56, 974
14, 855
88 , 000

2, 579
55,400
29, 682
251,645
6 , 000
101, 044
15,178
3, 575
1, 352

488, 624
2^829
2997300
5, 046
567,200
45, 000
12, 467
187, 467
219, 648
32, 482
6, 833

a N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.
b Including unpaved streets.




STATISTICS OF CITIES.
[I— AREA OF STREETS PAVED, BV KIND OF PAVEMENT—Conclude!
Square yards of streets paved w ith —
^ £^ . t
blocks, Ij a blo(,
593,683
1,088
75, 018
210,848
3,150
3,990,448
20, 000
1,500
680,836
26, 400
2, 576
160, 233
3, 298, 902
1,570, 061
106, 928
57, 232
100,299
6, 400
579,489
26, 268
6, 372
54, 726
143, 064
232,108
279, 516
3, 042
64,144
(d)

140,813
234,756
68, 570
47, 245
33, 975
4,976
3,200
430,944
58,000
66, 000

316, 204
194,000
46, 659
105,600
503, 236
3, 027, 788
2.600
206,114
44,464
844
9, 124
129,182
60, 336




Macadam.

Gravel.

2, 302, 033
238, 234
574,035 2, 314, 400
984,798
1,115, 349
416, 000
12, 372, 096
2, 566, 000
60, 400
28. 039
77; 775
578, 578
950, 400
813, 824
207, 962
60, 000
1,946, 774
156, 288
98, 651
778, 000
1, 075, 965 1,100, 530
2, 456, 432
64, 929
622, 350
132, 000 1, 203, 840
356, 074
224,435
374,244
183, 040
675, 840
100, 483
480,462
5, 583, 706 b 9,480,134
232.000
704.000 b 1, 619, 200
3, 346, 316
(d)
{d)
5, 694, 952
39,184
1,900
2,155, 965 1, 000, 000
1,954, 480
10,261
441, 533 1, 804, 880
84, 480 b 7, 532, 303
40, 000
30, 000
1, 350, 373
20, 000
164, 266
123, 200 3,132. 800
52, 800 b 2, 525,600
12, 421
8 , 000

80, 000
3,425
787, 741
65, 610
128,542
10, 505
297,176
633,600
117, 509
92, 450

400, 000
54, 667
3, 044,025

Total square Square yards
A ll other
yards of
of streets
kinds of streets paved. unpaved.
pavements

larinal
1mer.

2, 372, 682
2,156, 918
3,137, 217
1,196, 942
3, 285, 692
518,150
29,117, 088
462, 000
2, 710, 3C0
1, 946, 633
916, 500
1,087, 680
1,123, 482
749, 731
15, 794, 580
4, 627, 771
1, 053, 256
2, 878, 928
3,136, 360
842, 441
990, 643
1,806, 880
1, 858, 090
468, 562
988,453
800, 494
730,956
518,383, 903
1, 227, 590
5 2, 607, 842
3, 454, 087
(d )
9,213,336
531, 598
306, 447
328,474
514, 749
3, 254, 523
372, 248
1,993,955
777, 676
2, 388, 345
5 7,713, 556
200, 339
2, 710, 373
664, 627
599, 226
3, 344, 000
5 2, 736, 800
1, 563, 999
456, 000
217, 931
672, 040
652, 922
5, 048, 277
128,434
592,384
325, 327
142,383
892, 839
3, 911,424
279,173
229,142

77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109

715, 264
170, 000
124, 666
420, 485
90,608
422, 370
8, 280
34, 657
540, 755
" m .'s h
1,637, 011
28, 325
35, 353
(d)
3, 089, 095
103, 200
26, 490
275, 000

68, 643
344, 960
122 , 000

24, 867
109, 745

215,864
8,"600

c Included in gravel streets.
cZNot reported.

142,161
2, 798, 400
2, 346, 355
8, 894, 688
75, 000
14, 076, 832
2, 053, 300
3,074,156
7, 644, 932
1, 760, 000
3,157, 440
733,708
1. 490, 269
7, 462, 400
3,581, 511
1,951, 725
300, 871
14. 558, 028
5. 379, 070
311, 130
651, 750
3, 247, 834
2, 277, 038
1, 830, 400
295, 256
2, 044, 223
(c)
7, 756, 320
(c)
6, 729, 005
(d)
6, 994, 110
2,141, 334
4, 500, 000
3, 562. 240
19, 744, 130
338, 031
1,419, 264
9, 621, 333
1,280, 613
(c)
200, 000
2, 700, 000
3,109, 333
(c)

5, 200, 000
4, 528, 320
578, 564
570, 000
1,112, 000
946, 653
880, 000
515, 650
797,955
1,105, 072
749, 241
1, 000, 000
2,149, 000

inno
112

113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

662

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

Table VIII.—CAKE OE STREETS, DISPOSAL OP GARBAGE, AND AREA OE PUBLIC
PARKS.
Streets.

Garbage.
A ver­
Cubic yards—
age
persons
Swept
em­
Square ployed
Cities.
han J or yards swept sw eep­
Otherwise
ma­ per week. ing,
Sold. Burned.
dis­
chine.
posed of.
sprin­
kling,
etc.
1
Akron, O liio.................... ! (a)
(a)
(a)
(6)
(ft)
(ft)
70
Albany, N. Y .................. ! B oth .. c 1,108,114
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
600, 000
A llegheny, P a ................ j B oth ..
71
d 11, 852
A llentow n, P a ................ ! H and.
7, 940
(e)
(0
Altoona, P a...................... ! B oth ..
405, 297
7
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
50, 000
A tlanta, G a...................... ! B oth ..
84
120, 694
(/)
25, 000
Auburn, N. Y .................. j B oth ..
10
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
{a)
A ugusta, G a.................... j (.0)
07
(a)
(,?)
Baltimore, M d ................ ! B oth .. 17, 516, 771
144, 820
281
B ay City, M ic h .............. ! B oth ..
10
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(/)
901, 362
Binghamton, N. Y ........ ! H a n d .
30
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(a)
Birmingham, A la .......... ! (ft)
i2
(a)
(a)
(ft)
875, 250
364
Boston, M a s s .................. : B oth .. 8, 660, 440
34,430
676, 560
Bridgeport, C on n .......... , B oth ..
30
0)
625, 500
Brockton, M a ss.............. Hand .
21
(/)
Buffalo, N Y .................... i <«)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(«)
176, 274
45 ( /)
Butte, M ont...................... Mach .
( /)
</)
221,757
9, 000
Cambridge, M a s s .......... B oth ..
71 10,433
1,219
(a)
Camden, N. J .................... (a)
(a)
k2
Canton, Ohio.................... (*)
\k)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
225,000
24
* 38,255
Charleston, S. C .............. B oth ..
225, 000
16, 271
7
Chattanooga, T e n n ----- M ach .
(a)
274, 000
15
Chelsea, M ass.................. B otli..
(a)
(a)
, 010, 682
509
Chicago, 111...................... B oth .. 8, 848, 500
36, 910
398
Cincinnati, O hio............ B oth .. 3,028, 550
(a)
Cleveland, O hio.............. (a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(а )
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
Columbus, Ohio.............. {a)
(k)
k 16
Covington, K y ................ (k)
6, 090
1 12
Dallas, T e x ...................... (D
(б )
(l)
(ft)
(&)
467, 684
32
(a)
(a)
Davenport, Iow a............ H an d .
(a)
30
21,758
735, 000
Dayton, O h io .................. H and.
161 |................
!
12, 000
Denver, C olo.................... B oth .. 3, 872, 000
nn
713, 723
D es Moines, Iowa ( m ) .. B oth ..
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
325
(a)
Detroit, M ich .................. B oth ..
(a)
(a)
( /)
10
(а )
(a)
Dubuque, Iow a (o)........ H an d . p 340, 764
(a)
15
D uluth, M inn.................. M ach. 3,421, 440
(б )
(ft)
(6)
25
850, 000
6 000
Elizabeth, N. J ................ B oth ..
450,000
Elmira, N. Y .................... M ach.
(ft)
(ft)
(6)
q8
15, 000
12
Erie, P a .............................. B oth ..
(&)
(ft)
(ft)
(a)
4,800
(a)
Evansville, I n d .............. (a)
43
(a)
140, 799
F all Biver, M ass............ B oth ..
(a)
(a)
16
(V)
F ort W ayne, I n d .......... M ach.
500,000
F ort W orth, T ex ............ (*)
(ft)
(*>
(ft)
(ft)
(*)
650,000
12
22, 500
Galveston, T ex ................ Both ..
62, 000
15
Gloucester, M ass............ B oth ..
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
100
Grand Bapids, M ich___ B oth..
(/)
(0
583,800
14
H an d .
H arrisburg, Pa ..,
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
B oth ..
50
(a)
(a)
818, 514
Hartford, Conn ..
(a)
80, 390
34
6, 827
B oth ..
H averhill, Mass .
(a)
(a)
(a)
Hoboken, N. J . . .
ff 30
(9)
(0)
a B y contract.
b Disposed of by householders,
c For 38 w eek s; no sweeping for 14 weeks.
d Including garbage made into fertilizer.
e Property owners clean; city removes cleanings.
/N o t reported.
g Streets swept partly by city, partly by contract.
h Streets cleaned, not swept.
i Employed irregularly w ith chain gang in cleaning streets.
j 6,000 tons.
k Streets flushed, not swept.
I Streets cleaned, not swept by city; sprinkled by contract.
m Data are for 15 months.
n N ot including 9 men employed in cleaning suburban streets.
o Data are for 13 months.
p For 10 months.
q Employed irregularly.
r 5,421 tons.
s Streets not sw ep t; cleaned by chain gang.
1 1,200 to n s; for 4 months only.
u For 4 months only.



,

Average
persons
em ­
ployed
in re­
moval.
(ft)
(ft)

38
4
(ft)
106

(a)
(а )

171
(ft)
(б )
(a)
566
12
7
(a)
2
33
4
(ft)
20
12
(«)
192
40

(a)
(a)

(&)

(a)

10

19
(&) “
(a)
(а )
(б )
10
(ft)
(ft)
8
(а )
6
(б )
18
(ft)
u 20
(ft)
(a)
6
(a)

Area of
public
parks
(acres).

20. 00
200. 00
343.75
146. 00
1. 00
10. 63
1,104.47
53. 50
71.00
20. 00
2,414. 79
288. 65
1. 35
1,018. 00
284. 93
2. 50
71.00
591.49
3. 74
2,151. 49
392. 00
1, 243. 50
195. 80
13. 00
46. 00
4. 00
558.00
405. 00
912.61
6 . 00
352.00
25. 00
75. 29
35. 00
98. 00
89. 32
94.74
22. 50
25. 00
55. 00
131.26
58. 21
471. 62
256. 54
9.00

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

663

T able VIII.—CAKE OF STREETS, DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE, A N D AREA OF P U B L I C

PARKS—Continued.

Streets.

Garbage.
A ver­
Cubic yards—
age
persons
Average Area of
Swept
em­
persons public
Square ployed
Cities.
em­
parks
hand or yards swept sweep­
Otherwise
ployed (acres).
ma­ per week. ing,
Sold.
Burned.
dis­
in
re­
chine.
posed of. moval.
sprin­
kling,
etc.
1
(a)
512, 930
30
Holyoke, M ass............ B oth..
(a)
(a)
23.71
(a)
Houston, T ex ..............
23, 13G
c 19
Co)
C>)
(6)
(a)
(a)
Indianapolis, I n d ----(a)
(a)
1,213. 80
(a)
(a)
(a)
d 35
(a)
Jersey City, N. J ........
18.00
(a)
(a)
(d)
(a)
(d )
40
Johnstown, P a ............ B oth ..
23. 00
205,333
(e)
(e)
(e)
(«)
70, 000
12
3, 356
Joliet, 111...................... H an d .
100. 00
7
45
7,800
12
11.00
88, 000
Kansas City, K a n s... Mach .
125
25, 000
20
258.13
Kansas City, M o........ B oth .. 11, 200, 000
5, 000
96, 000
9
/4
K noxville, T en n ........ B oth ..
10
234, 666
84.13
La Crosse, W is............ Hand .
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
130, 000
7
Lancaster, P a .............. H an d .
(e)
(e)
(«)
(«)
76, 445
28
4, 062
129. 33
Lawrence, M a ss........ B o th ..
12
131, 304
10 . 00
(e)
(e)
Lincoln, N ebr.............. B o th ..
(e)
(e)
40.00
L ittle Rock, A r k ----(e)
(e)
(e)
(cj)
(e)
(g)
(9)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
3, 720. 04
(a)
Los Angeles, Cal........
(a)
105
35 1,073.00
Louisville, K y ............ B oth .. 1,770,423
(h)
176, 028
54
(h)
15
(h)
124. 50
Lowell, M a ss.............. B oth..
(h)
182, 666
32
202
965
18 2, 058. 50
Lynn, M ass.................. B oth..
140,
800
15
Mach
.
8.50
McKeesport, P a-------(e)
(&)
(0
(«)
6
(h)
45, 000
22
180. 0J
Macon, G a .................... Mach .
16
82,132
(a)
(a)
48.10
(a)
(a)
B
oth..
Malden, M ass..............
124, 246
18
20
153. 00
Manchester, N. H ----- B oth ..
0) 386
22,
492, 720
40
14
4. 50
15,981
Memphis, T en n .......... M ach.
100
110
417. 42
M ilwaukee, W is ........ Mach . 4, 882, 532
(k)
200
1, 562. 25
Minneapolis, M in n ... Both. 3, 203, 000
(l)
(l)
(l)
(0
36,891
(m)
(m)
27
86 . 00
(m)
Mobile, A la ..................
10G
900,000
7, 900
5
9.00
Nashville, T e n n ........ B o th ..
350
(a)
344.
00
(a)
Newark, N. J .............. B oth.. 1,987, 392
(ci)
(«)
25
145, 000
(a)
(a)
227. 00
(a)
N ew Bedford, M a ss.. B oth..
(a)
45
(a)
(a)
(a)
830.
78
(a)
New Haven, Conn . . . B oth..
(h)
191, 250
140
552. 66
N ew Orleans, L a ........ H and. 1,333,200 1 175
455,150
n 12,0C0
6. 50
n8
Newport, K y .............. B oth ..
14
\d 2,590
397, 347 j>4,129, 857
2, 275 7, 887. 00
(d)
N ew York, N. Yr........
(d)
(o)
27
12
6, 000
95. 85
Norfolk, V a.................. Mach . 925, COO
d 30
(d)
22.00
\d)
Oakland, Cal................
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
480, 000
60
553.12
Omaha, N e b r ............... Hand .
(e)
(e)
(e)
117,333
13
91.13
Oshkosh, W is.............. Mach .
(e)
(e)
(O
(e)
58
51,553
30
93.15
Paterson, N. J ............ B oth .. 1,134, 000
12
(a)
(a)
216. 50
(a)
(a)
Pawtucket, R. I ........... Hand .
(/»)
20
339.16
Peoria, 111...................... Hand . 1, 662, 247
(e)
(e)
(e)
(O
(a)
290 3, 729. 09
252,448
(a)
Philadelphia, P a ........
(«)500
35, 555
125
880. CO
Pittsburg, P a .............. B o th .. 10, G66, 666
176, G05
27
(a)
(a)
(a)
110. 02
Portland, Me. (q) ........ B o th ..
(a)
49
r 14, GOO
205.20
(r)
Portland, O reg on ----- B oth.. 1, 900, 679
70 (a)
(a)
(a)
506.10
(a)
Providence, R. I ........ B o th ..
G)
22
58. 00
(e)
Pueblo, C olo.................
(e)
(a)
(*)
(*)
<«)
400,000
(a)
15
(a)
(a)
121.83
Quincy, 111.................... B o th ..
(ci)
3,
756
11
(a)
(a)
(a)
102.
50
Readiiig, P a ................
4, 539
14
71
308. 50
Richmond, Y a ............ Both. . 2, 808, 120
i
452
,
(a)
1,
139,
893
B
oth..
659.
94
Rochester, N. Y ..........
1 (a)
(a)
a By contract.
b Streets not swept; cleaned occasionally by garbage employees.
c A lso clean streets occasionally.
d Streets swept partly by city, partly by contract.
e Disposed of by householders.
/E m p loyed irregularly.
g Streets not swept; gutters cleaned occasionally by chain gang.
h N ot reported.
iN on e employed by city except 1 man at garbage furnace.
j 18,000 tons.
Jc 38,000 tons.
I Disposed of by householders since March 1,1898.
m Streets not sw ept; cleaned occasionally by chain gang.
n Including ashes.
o Included in garbage otherwise disposed of.
p Including garbage sold.
q N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.
r Removed by householders, burned by c ity .
s Streets cleaned, not swept.



664

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

T able VIII.—CAKE OF STREETS, DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE, AXD AREA OF PUBLIC

PARKS—Concluded.

Streets.

Cities.

Swept
Square
Ey
hand or yards swept
ma­ per week.
chine.

A ver­
age
persons
em­
ployed
sweep­ Sold.
ing,
sprin­
kling,
etc.

Garbage.
Cubic yards—
Average Area of
persons public
parks
em­
Otherwise ployed
(acres).
Burned.
dis­
in
re­
posed of. moval.

Rockford, 111.................... B oth..
565,908
a 14
(6)
(ft)
(ft)
Sacramento, C a l............ H and.
639,198
18, 250
37
Saginaw, Micb. (c) ........ B oth ..
20
(d)
(e)
(G
(«)
St. doseph, M o................ B oth .. 1,461,912
35
(/)
(/)
( /)
St. Louis, M o .................. (ft)
520, 000
(ft)
(ft)
St. Paul, M inn................ B oth.. 3, 385, 300
75
(f»
(ft)
(ft)
Salem, M a ss.................... B oth..
284, 642
80 4,133
Salt Lake City, Utah .. M ach.
323,313
51
11, 059
San Antonio, T ex.......... (d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
(d)
San Francisco, Cal........ (ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(9)
(9)
(9)
Savannah, G a.................. B oth.. 4, 397, 700
54,266
30
Scranton, P a ....... .......... H an d . 1, 557,165
50 (./)
( /)
( /)
415, 443
11
Seattle, "Wash.............. B oth ..
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
Sioux City, I o w a .......... B oth ..
350, 000
8
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
Somerville, M a ss.......... Mach . 2, 254, 523
18
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
South Bend, Iiu l............ B oth ..
213, 300
40
( /)
( /)
</)
Spokane, W ash.............. H an d . i 202,875
9
( /)
(
/)
</)
Springfield, 111................ B o th .. 1j 1,500, 000
14
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
19 16, 507
Springfield, M ass.......... B o th ..
4,127
522, 678
Springfield, Mo.............. (*)
(/>
(/)
(
/)
(ft)
(ft)
Springfield, O h io .......... Mach .
130, 321
8
1,967
Superior, W is ................ M ach .
750, 000
4 (/)
( /)
( /)
Syracuse, K. Y .............. M ach. 1, 933, 881
21,972
80
Tacoma, W a sh .............. ( l )
130, 530
m7
( /)
(/)
(/)
Taunton, M ass................ B oth..
(d)
35, 200
10
Terre Haute, In d ..........! B oth .. j 197, 000
7,000
17
Toledo, Ohio....................i Both .
760, 000
30
(ft)
(ft)
(6)
500, 000
16
Topeka, K a n s................ B oth ..
(/)
(/)
( /)
650, 000
Trenton, N. J .................. B oth ..
40
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
3,120
Troy, H. Y ........................ (6)
(ft)
(ft)
Utica, K. Y ...................... (ft)
(ft)
(6)
(«)
W ashington, D. C ........ (6)
(ft)
(O
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
,820
W aterbury, C on n ........ B oth..
113,648
12
3,100
259,200
15
80
W heeling, W. Y a .......... B o th ..
W ilkesbarre, P a ............ (P)
(P)
(P)
(/)
(/)
(
/
)
131,878
9
W illiamsport, P a .......... Hand .
(/)
(
/
)
(
/
)
15
7, 500
W ilm ington, D e l .......... B oth.. ' 844, 800
334,099
15
W orcester, M a s s .......... B oth ..
(9)
48
279,173
4, 600
Yonkers, N. Y ................ B oth ..
225, 809
4
Youngstown, Ohio........ I B oth ..
1
!
a,Including 3 jiersons working 3 nights per week.
b By contract.
c Data are for 16 months.
d Not reported.
e Disposed of by householders; ashes only by city.
* /D isp osed of by householders.
pCity removes garbage from public buildings and schools only.
h Removed by householders; burned or buried by city.
iN o t including 33,975 square yards flushed w eekly.
j For 35 w eek s; no sweeping "for 17 weeks.
k By private contract.
I Streets flushed, not swept,
m Not including chain gang.
n 7,300 tons.
o Xot including 3,596.27 acres of public parks belonging to the U nited
p Done by property owners.
q 9,000 tons.
r Not including 1 park recently acquired, area not reported.




(6)
(/)
84
(&).
10
15
(d)
O)
26
( /)
1
(ft)
(O
(/)
( /)
(ft)
16
( /) o
( / )52°
(/)
1
4
(ft)
(/)
(ft) 40
12
(ft)
10
8
( /)
(/)
8
19
26

States.

8 . 00

100. 00
61.89
27.00
2,171.81
599. 42
31. 25
110. 00
(d)
1,192. 67
310. 92
97. 17
500. 50
5. 00
48. 90
19.13
28. 33
91. 00
484. 61
3. 75
2 2 0 . 00
96. 00
270. 00
727.90
7. 72
20. 00
(d)

12. 50
150. 00
40. 00
4. 95
o.38
3.31
31. 50
39. 26
43. 24
259.15
r 352. 72
46.00

STATISTICS OF CITIES,

665

T able IX.-CITY ALMSHOUSES, ORPHAN ASYLUMS, AND HOSPITALS.

RiVoPnln Y V

Orphan asylums.
Alm shouses.
Hospitals.
1A verage
Average
Average
Cities.
number Number, j number
Number.
Number. number
of in­
of in­
of in­
1j mates.
mates.
mates.
!
i
1
165
1
350
1
1 J (a)
1j
78
2
83
1
1■
1,250 ..................I...................
535
I
|
1
18
!
i
I
2
3|
791 ..................!...................
1, 632
1
100
1
1
1)
36
1
______________ ________
1
i
i
1
121
2i
513

i
2|
275
1j
157
|
1l
1
1 | 1,000
1
1
Cleveland O hio.. ___ _____ _____ . . . . .
i
» Ohio . _ . ___. . . . . ___ . . 1
20
1 i..................
Covinorf«vn TCy______ ______ . . . . . ____ _
i
Dallas Tpif
- __ ___- _____ . . . .
i !
Davenport. Io w a ....................... .
.............. i
1!
Dayton Ohio........ .........................................
C1
2
Denver Colo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............. ..
. I| . .
D es Moines, I o w a .................. .......................
i
Detroit, M id i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..................!...................
1
Dubuque, Io w a .................. .............................
i
1|
45 ..............I.....................
Duluth, M inn....................................................
1
1|
65
Elizabeth, N. J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
i
Elmira, N. Y . . . - ..............................................
1
1
Erie, Pa ..............................................................
i
..............
Evansville, Ind ................................................
ii ............
1
1j
119 ___
Eall liiver, M a ss.............................. ...............
Fort W ayne, In d ..............................................
Fort W orth, T ex__.........................................
!
1
Galveston, T e x ........................ ...................
Glouoo^tpr, M ass. .... __. _.................. _
l
35
Grand Rapids,M ich........................................
i
HaT*ri«hrirf»\ P a ______________ ______ _
i
l
264
Hartford, C on n ................................................
i
l
122
Haverhill, M ess . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Hoboken, N. J ..................................................
l
1
94
Holyoke M ass.................................................
j
Houston T px ____ __________________
i
1
Tlldianapolis, Tnrl________ _____ ______
..................i .................
Jersp.y City, N. ,T_ __ ___ ________
1
i
Johnstown, P a ..................................................
i
Jolip.t Til __________________________
Kansas City, K an s..........................................
..................i ...............
1
Kansas City, M o..............................................
1
K noxville, T en n ..............................................
La Crosse, AYi s ................................................
Laima sfpr, Pa...................
.......................
l
164
Lawrence, M a s s ..............................................
Lincoln, Nebr ..................................................
1
L ittle Hock, A rk ..............................................
Los Angeles, Cal..............................................
1
338
2
Louisville, K y .................................... ............
l
Lowell, M ass........ .............................................
443
1
i
Lynn, M ass................................................ .....
24
109
McKeesport, P a ..............................................
..........i...................
Macon, G a ........................................................ ..................1...................
a Opened May 22, 1899.




85
70
328
790
42
59

85
35

7
128
76
141
17
20
135

666

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able IX .—CITY ALM SHOUSES, O RPH A N ASY LU M S, A N D H O SPIT A L S—Continued.

Cities.

Orphan asylum s.
Alm shouses.
H ospitals.
Average
Average
A verage
number
number
Number. number
of in­ Number. of in ­ Number. of in­
mates.
mates.
mates.
1
1

29
3

M ilwaukee, W is..............................................
Minneapolis, M inn..........................................

i
1
1
1
2
3
1

200
86
383
10
4, 082
83

1
1
1
1
1
1

17
29
1, 235
242
146
96

1

1

1
1
1,181 j
!
1

48

1
1
1
1

42
86
60
125

8

5,125

1
1
1
8
1

10
1, 070
578
47

Portland, O regon............................................
Providence, R. I ..............................,..............
Pueblo, C olo......................................................
Quincy, 111..........................................................
Reading, P a ........................................................
1
1
Richmond, Y a .............................................. .
60
234
Rochester, N . Y ..............................................
I
Rockford, 111......................................................
1
Sacram ento, C a l............................. ...............
6 50
Saginaw, M ich..................................................
1
St. Joseph, M o ..................................................
18
3
2
746
St. Louis. M o ....................................................
2,101
1
1
145
St. Paul, M in n ..............................................
74
Salem, M a s s .....................................................
1
120
Salt Lake City, U ta h .................... ...............
San Antonio, T e x ........................_ .............
(0) j (c)
(c)
(G6 356
(n
3
San Fraucisco, Cal..........................................
£61
11
\
i
Savannah, Ga..................................................
!
1................
1!
Scranton, P a ......................................................
444
..................I
(d)
cl 1
Seattle, W ash.................................................. .
!
Sioux City, Iow a..............................................
1
!
i
i
Somerville, M ass..............................................
i
.................. i. ............. ..................1
South Bend, In d ..............................................
..................j
Spokane, W ash ................................................
el
(0
i
Springfield, 111..................................................
i
l
10
Springfield, M a ss....................,......................
171 |
..................i
Springfield, M o ................................................
1j
55
Springfield. Ohio..............................................
60 |
1
149 |
i
!
Superior, W i s ..................................................
i
i
Syracuse, N. Y ..................................................
_ ! _______ 1_________i...................
Tacoma, W ash........................................ ........ ..
i
1
Taunton, M ass..................................................
54 !
11
i
1
Terre Haute, In d ............................................
i
i
;
Toledo. O hio......................................................
i
Topeka, K ans....................................................
Trenton, N .J ....................................................
62
ix i
Troy, N. Y ........................................................ .
Utica. N. Y ........................................................ _________1_________ i________
11
1
136
W ashington, D. C............................................
2
211 |
104
xi
W aterbury, Conn............................................
..................
1...................
W heeling, W . Y a ............................................ ..................i...................
!
W ilkesbarre, P a ..............................................
1 _.
W illiam sport, P a .............................................
11
22
a N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.
6 Average cases per month.
c Not reported.
dFor contagious diseases only; 1 case during year.
e For contagious diseases only; 4 cases during year.




667

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T aulb IX .—CITY ALM SHOUSES, O BPHAH ASYLUM S, A N D H O SM T A L S—Concluded.

Cities.
’W ilmington, D el..............................................
Worcester, M ass..............................................
Yonkers, X. Y ................................................
Youngstown, Oliio..........................................




Orphan asylums.
A lm shouses.
Hospitals.
Average
Average
Average
number
number
Humber. number
of in­ Humber. of in­ Humber. of in­
mates.
mates.
mates.
1

201

!
1
!

2

101

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
T able X.-GTTY SCHOOLS AND LIBRARIES.
Schools.
ar­
il al
lin­
er.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

11
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20

21

22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70

Cities.

Akron, O h io..............
Albany, N. Y ............
Allegheny, P a ...........
A llentow n, P a ...........
Altoona, P a ................
Atlanta, G a................
Auburn, N . Y .............
Augusta, G a..............
Baltimore, M il..........
Bay City, M ic h ........
Binghamton, N. Y ...
Birmingham, A la .. .
Boston, M ass..............
Bridgeport, Conn . . .
Brockton, M a ss........
Buffalo. N. Y ..............
Butte, M ont................
Cambridge, M ass----Camden, N. J ..............
Canton, O hio..............
Charleston, S. C ........
Chattanooga, T enn..
Chelsea, M ass............
Chicago, 111................
Cincinnati, O h io ----Cleveland, O hio........
Columbus, Ohio.........
Covington, K y ..........
Dallas, T e x ................
Davenport, Iow a----Dayton, Ohio..............
Denver, Colo..............
Des M oines, Io w a ...
Detroit, M ich ............
Dubuque, I o w a ........
Duluth, M inn............
Elizabeth, N. J ..........
Elmira, N. Y ...............
Erie, P a ........................
Evansville, I n d ........
Fall I-ilver, M a ss----Fort W ayne, In d ___
Fort W orth, T ex___
Galveston, T ex ..........
Gloucester, M ass---Grand Rapids, Mich
Harrisburg, P a ..........
Hartford, C on n ........
Haverhill, M ass........
H- boken, N. J ...........
Holyoke, M ass..........
Houston, T ex ............
Indianapolis, Ind .. .
Jersey City, N. J ----Johnstown, P a ..........
Joliet, 111....................
Kansas City, Kans Kansas City, M o ----K noxville, T en n ----La Crosse, W is ........
Lancaster, P a ............
Lawrence, M a ss----Lincoln, N ebr............
L ittle Rock, A rk ___
Los Angeles, Cal----•Louisville, K y ..........
Lowell, M a ss.............
Lynn, M ass.......... .....
McKeesport, P a ........
Macon, G a ..................
a N ot reported.
b N ot including 7 districts lying partly outside city lim its.




H igh. A ll other.

1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
1
11
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
14
4
4
4
1
2
1
1
5
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
1

22

(d)

1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
6
1
2
1
1

669

STATISTICS OF CITIES.
T able X.—CITY SCHOOLS AX I) LIBRARIES.
Teachers.

Pupils.
Average attend­
ance.

Xun
In
XumInhi<£ii other
ber.
scho(ds. schools.
In high j In other In high In other
schools. | schools. schools. schools.
17
27
16
9
8
19
11
8
37
15
20
8
175
12
20
73
13
39
8
12
9
9
16
290
65
98
62
6
9
12
30
100
44
76
13
21
12
12
18
22
24
13
14
9
13
37
20
35
17
8
22
12
73
20
4
12
12
80
11
10
14
19
27
7
37
61
24
31
6
12

Pree public libraries.
Volumes.

Mar­
ginal
W ithdrawn.
num­
ber.
ior
use
1
For home reading
rooms.

i
17,010
4,
68,000
354
425 | 5, 030
143
10,
3,080 21,104 I
603
308
728 13,904
Gl, 543 138,434 i
467 13,
15, 412
351
495
4,
300
4,751
104
327
4,
332
6, 219
140
360
559
9,
194
858 14, 201
1 j 14, 127 40, 285 ,
301
2, 772
105
312
175
4 ,7G9
204
3!
90
4,193
1
7, 200
1,122 52,
65,834
1, 899
1,292
1 17, 670 55, 722
383
3,358
3,
102
398
1 12,209 61, 510
590
6.562
178
623
5,
2
1
7, 086 14,178
209
3, 442
232
77
1 716.050 1, 245, 842
80, 721
4, 311 62’
1,511
4,599
1 33,125 136, 998
353
9,112'
390
180
6
1 27, 605 115, 420
4,
483
5, 636
516
141
1 123,088 768, 028
2. 040 38,
1,122
2, 493 54, 233
4,
367
1 26, 013 85, 069
5, 628
429
• 118
1,005
10,
1 54,149 176, 795
13, 855
1,171
325
8.
147
9, 276
236
151
374
5,
C, 181
120
482
7,412
438
103
504
6,
2G0
4, 500
89
260
3,
4,
16, 232 66,794 I
385
5,142
114
440
245, 077 1,800,000
8, 052 178,
4, 700 < 9,615 226, 624
36,
193,
015 380,249 I
43,
804
2,
241
1,051
2,645
2,873
141,426 924,561 I
51,821
1,057
3,417
62. 449 192,896
15, 553
1, 617
*386
1,946
162
3, 752
103
166
260
5, 626
325
104
4,
345
5, 728
435
139
864 10,
41, 586 125,124
965 11, 241
319
18,
76, 846 392, 752
1,415
26,235
2,145
570
23, 959 133, 629
905 5 m
1,064 b 21, 808
b 294
28:
1,805
152, 934 461, 848
2, 472 34, 961
720
375
4, 971
487
118
3,
495
25, 344 79, 470
586
9, 451
244
282
8, 744 14, 780
6,103
344
104
330
460
5, 080
139
543
.11,108
7,496
638
164
595
25, 000 72, 000
682
7,574
200
691
55. 234 150, 928
341
714 15, 716
325
4, 903
10, 252 48, 910
413
132
294
3, 752
320
85
255
7, 800 16, 000
280
5, 002
106
351
386
101
4,155
1, 094
328
216, 593
1, 614 20, 758
8,256
610
166
685
646
261
760 11, 008
4, 409
428
461
65, 000 107. 068
185
19. 316 127,509
7,238
182
192
198
7,259
540
583
21, COO 49, 811
216
5, 683
377
113
384
26, 010
1,696
87, 247 33, 369
600
1,876
646
32, 828
1,032
63,980 406,915
558
91
4,073
75
104
14, 390 63, 608
360
5,320
443
118
470
7, 741
138
500
2, 252
3,116
21, 885
42, 000 "i23,697
507
219
254
4, 590
80
248
298
5, 468
110
101
5, 454
381
414
461
184
760
7, 889
47, 842 121, 700
5, 741
638
837
122
14, 579 71, 053
194
4, 986
75
218
1,114
441
18,956
1, 361
51, 350 380, 008
1, 454
1, 624 26, 332
567
249
779 11,192
721
57,000 126, 850
710
860
9, 479
58, 017 108,452
222 *
91
141
121
4, 552
6 , 020
306
102
357
c Library recently established; no data.
dFour liigli school departments in other schools.
,

,

(c)

10493—No. 24----- 4



(a)
(a)

308,525
2, 1C8
4, 380
6, 528
(a)
5, 375
(a)
15, 461
3, 403
35, 811
58, 735
12, 025
10, 596
(a)
216,168
201, 704
200, 385
75,026
303,269
22, 995
501,742
(a)

(«)
(c)

6 , 000

59,573
(a)

9, 000
1,072
(a)
(a)

3,000
2, 624
63, 230
1,524
’l77,093*
18, 487
12,623
160, 261
15, 673
45, 774

1
2
3
4
5

6

7
9
10
11
12
141315
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70

8

170

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
T able X .—CITY SCHOOLS A ND L IB R A R IE S—Concluded.
Schools.

Marfinal
lum­
ber.

71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
100
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137

Cities,

Malden, M ass............
Manchester, X. H ...
Memphis, T enn........
M ilwaukee, W is___
Minneapolis, M in n ..
Mobile, A la ................
X ashville, T e n n ----Xewark, X. J ............
X ew Bedford, M ass.
X ew Haven, Conn ...
X ew Orleans, L a----Xewport, K y ............
X ew York, X. Y ___
Xorfolk, Y a ................
Oakland, C al..............
Omaha, X e b r .............
Oshkosh, AYis............
Paterson, X. J ..........
Pawtucket, R. I ........
Peoria, 111....................
Philadelphia, P a ----Pittsburg, P a ............
Portland, Me. (b) ----Portland, Oregon----Providence, R. I ___
Pueblo, C olo..............
Quincy, 111..................
Reading, P a ..............
Richmond, ATa ...........
Rochester, X. Y ........
Rockford, 111..............
Sacramento, C a l----Saginaw, M ich ..........
St. Joseph, M o ...........
St. Louis, M o..............
St. Paul, M in n ..........
Salem, M a s s ..............
Salt Lake City, Utah
Sail Antonio, Tex ...
San Francisco, C al..
Savannah, G a ............
Scranton, P a ..............
Seattle, AYa sh ............
Sioux City, Io w a ----Somerville, M ass----South Bend, I n d ___
Spokane, AYash..........
Springfield, 111..........
Springfield, M a ss__
Springfield, M o .........
Springfield, Ohio-----Superior, AYis............
Syracuse, X. Y .......... .
Tacoma, AYa sh ...........
Taunton, M ass..........
Terre Haute, Ind . . .
Toledo, O hio..............
Topeka, K an s............
Trenton, X. J ............
Troy, N. Y ..................
U tica, X. Y ................
AYashington, D. C —
AYaterbury, Conn —
AYheeling, AY. Y a . . .
AYilkesbarre, P a ___
AYilliam sport, Pa .. .
AYilmington, B e l___
AYorcester, M ass----Yonkers, X. Y ..........
Youngstown, O hio...

H igh.

1
1
2
3
4
3
2
1
1
2
4
1
21
1
2
1
1*
1
1
1
5
3
1
1
4
2
1
1
1
2
2
2
4
1
1
(a)
5
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1

a X ot reported.
b Xot including city of Peering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.



z1

2

671

STATISTICS OF CITIES.
T able X .—CITY SCHOOLS AXD L IB R A R IES—Concluded.
Teachers.

Free public libraries.

Pupils.
A verage attend­
X umber.
ance.

Volumes.

Mar­
In
ginal
1 Hum­
W ithdrawn.
In high other
num
­
schools. schools. In high In other In high In other !j ber.
ber.
Number.
For
use
in
For
borne
sch
ools.
schools.
!
schools. schools.
reading
use.
rooms.

15
16
9
12
149
15
9
17

146
130
191
763
671
67
1Q7
688
209
417
620
72
8,701
58
211
360
104
296
151
188
3, 249
896
145
259
780
109
101
255
219
678
119
130
180
155
1, 517
481
118
242
(a)
1,198
119
283
193
128
220
105
111
114
243
60
122
125
376
151
132
156
394
114
182
198
195
1,162
160
138
149

14

167
157
126

20
12

52
108
42
15
43
51
7
405
24
40
17
17
13
20
99,2
62
18
22
103
20
9
19
37
31
13
10
25
17
78
53
17
21

(a)

73
9
14
21
16
32
9
13
13
23
12
17
12
35
16
10
22
22

8
22
70
12

101
211

451
411
4R8
1,507
2,473
304
708
1,141
488
1,065
1,048
249
11, 464
243
713
1,346
295
499
323
620
4, 892
1,776
596
862
2 632
’ 363
230
624
1 279
’ 880
471
245
930
570
2,107
1, 685
435
661
(a)
2, 289
320
597
592
509
871
310
428
529
569
5J:i
663
265
1,356
636
372
738
773
690
485
256
382
3,417
393
274
650
300
674
2, 334
299
455




5, 918
5,391
6 741
3l! 661
31, 200
3 204
11 241
27,158
8 , 652
17,175
27, 513
3, 511
371,369
3 135
l l ’, 077
17,294
4, 375
16, 601
6 , 286
7, 526
140, 310
37, 380
5, 686
11 031
32 157
A, 218
5, 260
10, 657
11 039
24* 106
5,174
3,760
8 , 570
940
74, 235
22, 659
4,412
11, 603
(a)
47, 812
5, 508
12, 464
9, 005
5, 677
8 , 766
3, 731
5, 376
5, 067
9, 475
4, 615
5, 579
7, 950
18, 232
6,588
4, 633
6,138
17,518
6 , 010
7,174
6 , 392
8,133
41,920
6 , 611
4, 371
8,157
4, 741
10, 095
21,129
5, 099
6 , 878

370
358
345
1,448
2,162
273
533
1,044
353
908
920
208
9,979
205
571
1,050
244
439
282
525
4, 575
1,631
513
710
2, 049
’ 276
210
541
968
754
399
218
d 716
498
1,595
1, 403
388
496

4, 493
3, 907
4, 033
29, 204
26, 949
2,753
8 , 989
23, 649
7,137
12, 665
23, 993
2, 995
329.597
2, 874
7*794
12, 548
3, 891
12, 064
3,768
7, 240
123,710
33, 533
4,162
8 , 494
19* 644
2, 845
3, 650
8 , 388
9, 049
17,’ 723
4,438
3, 395
d 6 , 373
5, 769
51, 382
17, 732
3,437
8 , 831
(a)
(a)
1,688
33, 428
276
4, 416
512 10, 438
497
6 , 723
400
4,516
799
7, 837
260
3,134
310
3,594
445
3, 990
479
7, 209
405
2, 830
581 1 4, 680
7, 650
238
1,026
13, 536
452
4,781
3, 804
334
600
4, 605
639 14,402
656
5,589
5, 290
426
216
4, 974
6 , 342
305
2, 786 31,761
315
5, 537
255
3,738
526
6 , 239
3, 875
250
495
7, 384
1,470
15, 578
5, 004
282
400
5, 288

1

“ 33, 288
42, 843
104,000
106, 020

1
1
1

65, 693
70, 681
42,923
81,000
1, 500
16, 241
27, 512
49, 725
5, 897
32,101
16, 542
70,317
184, 687
68 , 485
44, 022

1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

(a)

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1

'!

9,814
22, 079

10 , 500

30, 000
33,175
29, 094
15, 721
120,000
47,151
36, 807
. 12 , 001
(a)
108, 066
33,739
18, 080
11, 843
40, 822
8,070
6 , 000
38, 278
106, 973
16, 830
12 , 000
38, 804
15, 001
45, 000
14, 851
46, 000
16, 000
23,144

1
1
1

20 , 000

1
1
1

30,871
120, 340
13, 243

16, 513

c Library recently established; no data.
d For 16 months.

129, 385
80,436
405, 858
580, 474

5, 869
19, 030

71
72
73
(a)
74
(a)
75
76
77
362, 397
(a)
78
348, 529 90, 000
79
287, 261
(a)
80
76. 953 33, 900
81
15, 060
7,500
82
83,171
(a)
83
84
149, 310 36,000 , 85
183, 698 34,228 ‘ 86
54, 979
(a)
87
122 , 610
(a)
88
48, 372
(a)
89
152, 982
(a)
90
1, 738, 950
(a)
91
175, 931 95, 078
92
85,370
(a)
93
94
95
34, 535
2,146
96
64, 046
4,310
97
<c)
98
(c)
99
123,326
(a)
100
97,128
20, 399 101
79,571
3,045 102
103
116, 030
(a)
698, 339 261,515 104
105
172,959
56, 231 106
113,144
5,454 107
65, 545 41,101
108
(a)
(a)
415, 011 207,443 109
110
111
133, 687
4, 724 112
108, 400
(a)
113
56, 189
(a)
114
212, 817
115
(a)
39, 400 1 (a)
116
22, 306
3, 650 117
98, 324 90, 000 118
159, 424 30, 000 119
120
el, ioi
(a)
121
40, 225
(a)
122
145, 313 150,000 123
49, 938
(a)
124
73, 905
5, 000 125
5, 000 126
50, 473
(a)
127
(a)
75, 598 10, 257 128
129
130
139, 336
9. 957 131
(a)
132
57, 936
133
12,908 134
68 , 360
135
i
136
137
167,122
(a)
191, 013 113, 691 138
49, 631
7, 600 139
140
1

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

672

T able X I.—COST OF W A TER , GAS, A N D ELECTRIC-LIGHT W ORKS OW NED A N D
OPERATED B Y C ITIES.

Cities.

W aterworks.
Year
Owned built
and or ac­
oper­
Cost.
ated by quired
By
city. city.

Gas works.
Electric-light works.
Year
Year
Owned built
Owned built
and or ac­
and or ac­
oper­
Cost. oper­ quired Cost.
ated by by
ated by quired
!>y
city. city.
city. city.

N o ....
N o ....
1850 $3, 020, 000 N o ....
N o___
1847 2, 012, 202 N o ....
Y e s ... 1890 $335, 507
18G5
371, 500 N o ....
N o ....
650, 000 N o ___
Altoona, P a ....................
1873
N o ___
1874 1, 535, 268 N o ....
N o ___
1894
484, 232 N o ....
N o___
350, 000 N o___
1859
N o___
1857 14, 915, 890 N o ....
N o___
1872
569,110 N o___
Y e s ... 1887
48, 000
650, 000 N o ....
Binghamton, N. Y ........
N o ___
1867
N o ....
N o ....
N o___
1848 28, 938, 402 N o ....
N o ....
N o ....
844, 463 N o ___
N o ___
1881
N o___
1868 8, 740, 982 N o ....
Buffalo N. Y ..................
N o ___
N o ....
................ N o___
1865 5, 285, 926 N o ___
................| N o ....
500, 000 N o ....
1870
................ i N o .__
1869
385, 565 N o ....
N o ....
................i N o ....
................1 N o___
N o ....
................: N o___
N o ....
(a)
(a)
________1 Vo*.
1851 27, 353, 729 N o ....
1, 256, 940
Chicago, 111....................
1839 10, 427, 890 N o___
N o ___ <&>
Cincinnati, Ohio............
1854 8, 033, 800 N o ....
N o ___
Cleveland, O h io ............
1870 2, 294, 872 N o ....
N o ....
Columbus, O hio..........
1886 1,045,183 N o .__
N o___
Covington, K v ..............
1882 1,140, 288 N o ___
N o ___
Dallas, T ex ......................
N o ___
N o ___
Davenport, Io w a ..........
N o ___
D ayton, Ohio.................
1870 3,321,430 N o .. . . ' ............
N o ___1.............
N o ___
Denver, C olo..................
N o ___!______
N o ....
D es Moines, Io w a .........
Y es... 1805 790,146
1836 5,901,114 N o___
Detroit, M ic h ...... .........
N o___
N o___
Dubuque, Iow a..............
(a)
N o ___
Duluth, M in n ................
Y e s ... («)
{a)
(a)
N o___
N o ___
Elizabeth, N. J ..............
N o___
N o ___
Elmira, N . Y ..................
N o ___
Erie, P a ............................
1867 1, 329, 787 N o___
689, 406 N o ___
N o___
E vansville, I n d ............
1870
N o ___
1874 1,902,617 N o___
F all River, M as3..........
674,908 N o ___
1879
N o ___
Fort W ayne, In d ..........
Y es... 1891
44, 000
1884 1, 022,243 N o ___
Fort W orth, T ex ..........
84, 050
Galveston, T ex ............ .
Y e s ... 1889
1888 1,410, 000 N o ___
500,000 N o ___
N o ___
Gloucester, M ass..........
1895
N o ___
Grand Rapids, M ich...
1873 1,350,168 N o ....
1840
646,131 N o ....
N o ....
Harrisburg, P a .i..........
N o .__
Hartford, Conn..............
1854 2, 798, 061 N o .. .
N o ___
1891 1,061,976 N o___
Haverhill, M ass............
N o___
N o .__
Hoboken, N. J ................
(c)
(c)
N o ___
1872 1,011,559 N o___
Holyoke, M ass..............
(
N o ___
H oiiston, Tex ................
*To___
1
N o ___
"Indianapolis, Tnd.
N o ___
N o ....
N o ....
(a)
Jersey City, N. J ..........
(a)
N o ___
Johnstown, P a ..............
N o ___
N o ... .
278,645 No
1883
Joliet, 111..........................
N o ___
N o ___
K ansas City, K a n s----N o ___
1895 3, 054, 000 No
Kansas City, M o ..........
N o___
N o __
K noxville, T e n n ..........
N o ....
358,126 N o ___
1877
La Crosse, W is ..............
N o ....
1836
832, 036 N o .. ..
Lancaster, P a ................
N o ....
1873 2, 357, 401 N o ... .
Lawrence, M ass............
N o___
375, 460 N o. .
1885
Lincoln, N e b r ................
36, 000
Y e s ... 1888
N o ___
L ittle Rock, A rk ........
N o___
No
Los A nceles Cal _
No
N o ....
L ouisville, K y ................
(a)
(a)
N o ___
1870 2, 201, 362 N o ___
Lowell, M a ss..................
N o ....
1870 2,363,677 N o ___
Lynn, M a ss....................
N o ___
341, 942 No .. .
1882
M cKeesport, P a ............
N o___
Macon, Ga . . .
No
1
N o ....
1869 1, 005, 902 N o ....
Malden, M a ss................
a Not reported.
c City owns distributing system only.
b Four plants; 1882,1883, 1887,1890.
Albany, N. Y ................

N o ___
Y e s ...
Y es__
Y es__
Y es.. .
Y es__
Y es.
Y e s__
Y e s __
Y es...
Y e s ...
N o ___
Y es...
N o .. .
Y e s ...
Y es...
N o ___
Y e s ...
Y es__
Y e s__
N o ___
N o ___
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y es__
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
N o ___
Y e s ...
N o ___
N o___
Y es...
N o ___
Y es. >.
N o.
N o .. . .
Y es__
Y es__
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y es...
Y e s ...
Y es..
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y e s..
(e)
Y e s__
N o ___
N o.
Y e s ...
No
Y es...
N o ___
Y es__
N o ___
Y es__
Y es__
Y es__
Y es...
N o___
N o___
Y e s ...
Y e s ...
Y es__
Y e s...
N o___
Y e s ...




673

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T abt.e X I.—COST OF W A TER , GAS, A N D ELECTRIC-LIG HT WORKS OW NED A N D
O PERATED BY C IT IES—Concluded.

Cities.

AYaterworks.
ear
Owned Ybuilt
and or ac­
oper­
Cost.
ated by quired
by
city. city.

1873
N o___
Y e s... 1872
Y es__ 1868
N o ___
Y ea ... 1832
Newark, N. J ..................
Y es__ 1866
N o___
1873
Y e s ... (&)
1872
N o___
N o ___
N o ___
1878
N o ___
Y es__ 1800
1879
N o ___
1887
Providence, R. I ___- - Y e s ... 1871
Pueblo, Colo.................... Y e s ... 1874
Quincy, I|1 - _______ N o___
Reading P a . . . . ............ Y es__ 1865
Richmond, V a................ Y e s ... 1830
Rochester, N. Y ............ Y es__ 1873
Rockford, 111.............. *. Y es__ 1875
Sacramento, C al............ Y e s ... 1853
Saginaw, M id i.............. Y es__ 1873
St. Joseph, M o.............. N o ___
St. Louis, M o.................. Y e s ... 1835
St Paul, M inn................ Y e s ... 1882
Salem M ass.................... Y es__ 1869
Salt Lake City, U ta h .. Y es__ 1874
San Antonio, T e x ......... (a)
(a)
San Francisco, C al. . . . N o ....
Savannah, G a . . . . . . . . . Y e s... 1853
Scranton,Pa .................. N o ___
Seattle, AVash................ Y e s ... 1890
Sioux City, Io w a .......... Y es__ 1885
(e)
Somerville M a ss.......... (e)
South Bend, In d ............ Y es__ 1873
Spokane, A Vash............ Y es.. . 1885
Springfield, 111.............. Y es__ 1866
Sprin orfield, M ass. . . . . . Y e s ... 1873
Springfield, M o.............. N o ___
Springfield, O hio.......... Y es. - 1881
Superior, W is ................ N o .__
Syracuse, N. Y .............. Y e s ... 1892
Tacoma, AYa s h ........ .. Y es... 1893
Taunton, M a ss.............. Y es__ 1876
Terre Haute, In d .......... N o ___
Toledo, Ohio.................... Y e s ... 1874
Topeka, Ivans.......... .. N o ___
Trenton, N . J _______ _ Y e s ... 1855
Troy, N. Y ................ ..... Y e s ... 1833
Utica, N. Y ...................... N o ....
AYa s h i n g ton, D. C ........ Y es__ (a)
AYaterburv, C on n ........ Y e s ... 1866
Wheeling,* W. Ara .......... Y e s ... 1834
AYilkesbarre, P p, _____ N o___
•Williamsport, P a .......... N o ___
W ilm ington, D e l.
Y es__ 1810
AYoreester Mass . __ Y e s ... 1845
Yonkers, N. Y .......... ..... Y e s ... 1874
Youngstown, O h io ----- Y e s ... 1872
a N ot reported.
b Two p lan ts; 1826,1837.
c Owned by city, but leased.



$1,411,000
4, 831, 850
A, 162, 885
1, 508, 756
(a)
1, 740, 650
767,413
110, 636, 631
885, 310
'
1, 788, 699
34, 472, 628
6, 678,118
4,101, 798
6, 362, 614
495, 060
1.746, 953
2, 000, 000
7,100, 000
563, 302
568, 204
862, 363
13, 920, 432
3, 815, 661
1, 857,106
1, 568, 980
(a)

1,031.849
1, 239, 915
435,802
(e)
306, 657
1. 011,213
‘789,730
2. 066, 237
660, 401
4,393, 977
1,630, 931
1,147, 309
1, 617, 762
1,012, 530
1, 281, 930
(a)

1, 323, 851
584,700
1,507, 974
2. 797, 561
1, 524, 300
600, 826

Gas wortvs.
Electric-light works.
Year
Year
Owned built
Owned built
and or ac­
and or ac­
oper­
Cosf. oper­ quired Cost.
ated by quired
ated by - by
by
city. city.
city. | city.
N o___
K o ...J ............1 .
.
N o . . ..........
N o___
N o___
N o ..........................................
N o___
N o ..................... 1...................
N o___j.............
N o..........................................
No___i______
No
............................... NN o..........................................
o................... 1
N o....................................... N o ....'.................................
N o .. J ............
No .. 1............
N o ....1............
N o . ...1.................................
N o___!.............
N o___1.............
N o___1________ . _____
N o___1.............
N o___!............. ............ N o . . . ______1_________
N o ___!.............
N o___ 1........... 1..................
N o___1______
N o ..........................................
N o___
No
.......... 1
. ..
No...................................... ..
N o___
N o___ ............ 1 ................. N o..........................................
N o ___ ______i________ N o..........................................
N o___|______ 1_________
(a) 1 (a)
(c)
N o___!
N o ....
N o ___ ______1.. . ___ ' No _ _ .
i__
..........
N o ___
N o ___
________ No
N o___
N o .__
1 __
No .
N o ___
N o ___ ______1_____ . . N o ___!_____________ ...
Y e s__ 1851 $598,100 N o___ 1
1
N o___
N o___
N o___ i ______ 1 ________ N o___
N o___1___ . _' _ ______ N o___
N o ___*.............
N o___
N o___!.............
Y es... 1889 $90, 980
N o ___!.............
N o ___
N o___
N o ___j.............
N o___i.............
N o___
N o___1______
N o___
(a) 1\ (a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
N o ___
N o___
N o ___i______
N o .__
1
N o ___
N o___
!
N o ___
N o___
N o ___
(a)
Y es... (a)
N o___
N o ___
N o ___
No. - ..
N o ___
N o___
N o ....
N o___
i
N o .__
N o ... .
i
N o ___
N
o___
i
N
o___
................................
N o___
!
N o___
N o___
i
N o___
N o___ ... J
N o___ ______ i ________ Y es... 1893
163, 000
N o ___1______ 1________ Y es... 1897 132, 500
N o___
N o___
Are s__
N o ....
(a)
N o ___ (a)
60, 681
Y e s ... 1889
N o___
N o ___
1
N o___ . . 1 .
N o___
N o___ ______(________
N o___
•
N o___
N o___
N o___
N o ___
Y e s ... 1875 185, 500 Y e s ... 1892 101, 000
N o___
N o___
N o___
N o ___
N o ___
N o ___
N o ___
N o ___
N o ___
N o ___
N o ....
N o ....
I

d Not including city of Deering, annexed to Portland
February 6,1899.
e City owns distributing system only.

674

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able XII.-DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PROPERTY, AND TAXATION.
Mar­
ginal
num ­
ber.

Debt.
Cities.

Bonded.

Floating.

1
2

Sinking
fund.

N et debt.

$504,100
$25, 000
$42, 004
$547, 096
$589,100
4, 688,390
4, 688, 390 1,394, 260 3, 294,130,
0. 920, 658
851
6, 921, 509 1, 211, 970 5, 709, 539
765, 300!
765, 300
114, 227
651, 073
5
1,070,1381
21 000 1, 091,138
79, 537 1,011,601
6
2, 927,500
2, 927, 500
2, 876, 332
51,168
7
768, 7621
768,762
768, 762
8
1, 749, 8001
1, 749, 800|
1, 749, 800j
9
37, 570, 683'
37, 570, 883 5,299, 730 32, 270, 953
676, 500
676, 500
10
34, 620
641, 880
11
630, 500
630, 500
630, 500
1, 610, 000 193, 295 1, 803, 295
12
1, 803, 295
82, 595, 971
82, 595, 971 28, 373,786 54, 222,185
13
14
1,625, 000
14, 500 1, 639,500
329, 824 1,309,676
1,918,120
1, 918,120
264,000
15
1, 654,120
16,079,629 1,257, 846 14, 821, 783
16 Buffalo, N. Y .................................. 16, 079, 629
240, 000 331,546
571,546
41, 500
530,046
17
7, 261,500 1,125, 758 6,135, 742
7, 261, 50i
18
20, 000
2.196, 800
2, 216, 800
35,103
19
2, 181,697
881, 532
20
881, 532
34, Oil
847, 521
3,799,550
3, 799, 550
21 Charleston, S. C ............................
1,350
3, 798, 200
931.000
931,000
100, 000
831, 000
22
1, 409, 700
23 Chelsea, M a ss................................
1, 409, 700
251,685 1,158, 015
24 Chicago, 111. (p) .............................. 19, 755, 950 7, 512, 310 27, 268, 260 1,817,815 25, 450,445
25 Cincinnati, Ohio............................ 31, 084, 894
31, 084, 894 5,379, 261 25,705, 633
26 Cleveland, O h io ............................ 13, 636, 810 1, 395, 255 15, 032,065 2, 395, 314 12, 636, 751
8,102, 800
53, 974 8,156, 774 1, 898, 642 • 6, 258,132
27 Columbus, O hio............................
28 Covington, K y ............ .................
2.197, 500
2,197, 500
93, 800 2,103, 7G0
1, 905, 000
1, 905, 000
29 Dallas, T ex ......................................
171,125
1, 733, 875
30 Davenport, Io w a ..........................
323, 564
275, 000
323, 564
48, 564
3,912, 400
3, 912, 400
31 Dayton, O hio................ ............
579,083
3, 333, 317
1, 950, 300 996,111
32 Denver, C olo..................................
2, 946, 411
128, 814 2, 817, 597
1, 232,161
33 D es Moines, Io w a ........................
1,088, 000 144,161
9, 748 1, 222, 413
34 Detroit, M ich..................................
5, 128, 042
35, 250 5,163, 292 1, 483,145 3, 680,147
998, 514 303, 931 1, 302, 445
35 Dubuque, Iow a..............................
1, 302,445
4, 456, 250 695, 941 5,152,191
106, 337 5, 045, 854
36 Duluth, M in n ................................
3, 280, 880
37 Elizabeth, N. J ..............................
8, 280, 880
36 3, 280, 844
1 , 020, 000
1, 020, 000
38 Elmira, N. Y . . ............................
1 , 020 , 000
966, 500
39 Erie, P a ........................................
966, 500
128, 668
837, 832
40 Evansville, In d .............................
2,155, 000
2,155, 000
4, 829 2,150, 171
41 Fall River, Mass ..........................
4, 824, 000
78, 830 4, 702, 830 1, 083, 048 3, 619, 782
42 Fort W ayne, In d ..........................
669, 800
669, 800
29, 763
640, 037
43 Fort W orth, Tex ...... „.................
1,969, 000
512 1, 969, 512
1,969. 512
44 Galveston, T e x .............................
3, 681, 082
45,103 ' 3,726,185
852, 000 2, 874; 185
326.000
45 Gloucester, M ass..........................
461, 391
787, 391
195, 819
591, 572
46 Grand Rapids, M ic h ..................
1,997,500
116,176
1, 907, 500
1, 881, 324
1, 023, 000
1,023, 000
137, 211
47 Harrisburg, P a ..............................
885, 789
48 Hartford, Conn.............................
4, 242,211
380, 326 3,861, 885
8, 960, 000 282,211
49 Haverhill, M ass...........................
1, 894, 250
46, 091 1, 940, 341
426, 998 1,513, 343
50 Hoboken, X. J ................................
1, 285, 000 117, 431 1, 102,431
37, 464 1, 361, 967
51 Holyoke, M a ss..........
2, 457, 000
2, 457, 000
853, 010 1, 603, 990
52 Houston, T e x ............................
2, 319, 861
2,257, 300
62, 561
2,319, 861
53 Indianapolis, In d ..........................1 2, 017. 400
2, 017, 400
2, 017, 400
54 Jersey City, N. J ..........................j 18,497, 879 1, 239, 074 19,736, 953 2, 746, 794 16, 990,159
402, 326
395,000
7, 326
55 Johnstown, P a ........ ....................
15, 445
386,881
161,400
78, 527
239, 927
56 Joliet, 111..........................................
239, 927
1,100, 000 100, 000 1, 200, 000
80, 000 1,120, 000
57 Kansas Citv, K a n s......................
4, 947, 900
58 Kansas Citv, M o ..........................
4,947, 900
259;393 4, 688, 507
1,288, 600
59 K noxville, Ten 11____________ _
83, 266 1, 371, 866
17, 988 1, 353, 878
539, 500
60 La Crosse, W is ..............................1
539, 500
138,471
401, 029
61 Lancaster, P a ................................i 1,134, 958
1,134, 958 515, 458
619, 500|
2, 031, 500
2, 031, 500
62 Lawrence, M ass............................
280,106 1,751, 3941
a School.
b Of assessed valuation of real estate.
c Of assessed valuation.
d School, $2.25; road, $0.50.
^Not reported.
/E x c e p t sewer bonds.
orSchool, $7.28; highway, $2.45.
wOf average valuation for 5 years, loss abatements.
i Controlled by legislation.
j Of average valuation for 3 years, less abatements.
k Included in county.
I Including State.
i Including personal.
n Included in real.
o School, $8; poor, $0.60; township, $0.20.
jpNot including data relating to sanitary district of Chicago.
q School, $27.70; library, $1.05; sanitary purposes, $15.
3
4




,

STATISTICS OF CITIES,
.DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OE PROPERTY, AND TAXATION.
T a x r a t e p e r $ 1,000.

A s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n o f p r o p e r ty .
R e a l.

N o l i m i t ............
10 p e r c e n t (6 ) .
7 p er cen t (c ). .
7 p e r c e n f c (c )..
7 p e r c e n t (6 ) .
7 p e r c e n t (c ) . .
$50,000 ( / ) . . . .
7 p e r c e n t (6) .
N o l i m i t ............
5 p e r c e n t (c) . .
10 p e r c e n t ( c ) .
N o l i m i t ............
2 p e r c e n t ( h) . .

2\ p e r

(i )

cen t (j).
10 p e r c e n t
6 p e r c e n t ( c) . .
2£ p e r c e n t o * )
10 p e r c e n t ( c ) .
N o l i m i t ............
8 p er cen t (c ). .

(c).

(O

2£ p e r c e n t ( j ) .
5 per cen t (c ). .
N o l i m i t ............
7 p e r c e n t ( c) . .
N o l i m i t ............
10 p e r c e n t ( 0 .
$2,050,000 ..........
5 p e r c e n t ......
K o l i m i t ............
3 per cen t (c ). .
5 p e r c e n t ..........
5 p e r c e n t ( c) . .
5 p e r c e n t ..........
5 p er e e n t ( c ) ..
N o l i m i t ............
10 p e r c e n t ( c ) .
7 per cen t (c ). .
2 p e r c e n t (< )..
2| p e r c e n t ( j )
2 p e r c e n t (c ) ..
6 p e r c e n t (c)..
5 p er c e n t r e ) ..
2£ p e r c e n t (j ) .
5 p er ce n t (c ). .
2 p e r c e n t (z)..

(i )

2£ p e r c e n t ( ? ) .
N o l i m i t ............
24 p e r c e n t (53)
N o lim it (cc) . .
2 p e r c e n t (c)..
N o l i m i t ............
7 per c e n t(c )..
5 p er c e n t (c ) ..
5 per c e n t(c )..
5 per cen t ) . .
N o l i m i t ............
5 p e r c e n t (c)..
7 p e r c e n t .........
$ 9 0 0 ,4 8 7 .6 9 ___

(c

P e r s o n a l.

T o ta l.

S ta te . C o u n ty . C ity . O th e r. T o ta l. J

$1, 804, 580
$16, 552, 660
$11, 748,0 8 0
66, 6 8 4,940
7, 52 5 ,4 2 5
59,159, 515
1. 214, 725
8 1 ,6 0 1 , 300
8 0 ,3 8 6 , 575
6 7 ,0 1 5
1 9 ,8 6 6 ,2 0 8
19, 799,163
1 5 ,7 4 1 , 525
(e)
( e)
10, 614, 568
52, 5 2 1 ,0 8 2
4 1 ,9 0 6 ,5 1 4
1 ,5 7 3 ,9 9 3
1 3 ,5 6 7 ,8 6 3
11, 993, 870
5, 243, 474
1 8 ,7 8 0 ,0 7 6
13, 536, 602
31, 754 ,3 9 6
26 9 ,9 0 0 , 389
2 3 8 ,145, 993
2 ,1 1 4 ,9 3 1
8, 502,2 4 2
1 0 ,0 1 7 ,1 7 3
2, 251, 365
2 0 ,8 0 4 , 605
1 8 ,5 5 3 , 240
4, 000, 000
1 3 ,000, 000
1 7 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0
830,233, 900 20 5 ,8 6 5 , 518 1, 0 3 6 ,0 9 9 ,4 1 8
6 ,4 2 5 , 316
5 9 ,8 7 7 ,8 3 0
5 3 ,4 5 2 ,5 1 4
3 ,0 5 4 , 576
26, 270, 387
2 3 ,2 1 5 , 811
2 4 5 ,6 7 4 , 630
1 5 ,2 4 9 ,1 1 0
2 3 0 ,4 2 5 ,5 2 0
1 5 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0
m l 5 , 700, 000
(n)
1 6 ,6 1 2 ,9 9 0
8 9 ,5 5 1 ,0 9 0
7 2 ,9 0 8 ,1 0 0
1 ,7 6 6 , 300
2 3 ,7 3 1 ,9 3 0
2 1 ,9 0 5 ,6 3 0
3 ,1 8 9 , 840
1 1 ,4 3 7 , 990
8, 248,1 5 0
5,
004,
063
1 7 ,3 6 1 ,4 1 1
12, 357, 348
(n)
m 12, 889, 725
7 2,8 8 9 , 725
2 0 .9 8 8 ,6 0 0
2, 30 3 ,8 0 8
2 3 ,2 9 2 , 408
4 2 ,1 6 5 ,2 7 5
2 2 9 ,9 6 6 ,4 4 7
1 7 8 ,8 0 1 ,1 7 2
4 0 ,2 1 3 , 590
19 9 ,7 3 9 , 080
1 5 9 ,525, 490
37, 358, 000
1 4 2 ,2 9 0 ,2 8 0
1 0 4 ,9 3 2 ,2 8 0
5 0 ,3 5 1 ,5 6 0 ;
1 2 ,9 5 2 ,3 6 0
6 3 ,3 0 3 , 920
1 9 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0
5, 000, 000
2 4 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0
17, 376,1 7 3
4 ,8 3 5 ,1 2 5
2 2 ,2 1 1 ,2 9 8
0 ,3 1 2 , 780
7 ,8 1 1 ,0 6 0
1 4 ,1 2 3 , 840
4 1 ,7 9 6 ,1 8 0
3 1 ,7 4 5 ,1 6 0 '
1 0 ,0 5 1 ,0 2 0
6 1 ,4 4 3 , 210
m 6 1 ,4 4 3 ,2 1 0 .
(n)
14, 264,710;
2 ,3 3 4 ,4 6 0
1 6 ,5 9 9 ,1 7 0
3 8 ,5 4 9 , 600
2 0 7 ,6 3 6 ,8 6 0
169,087, 260
1 6 ,0 1 1 ,5 0 3
8 ,0 2 5 , 008
2 4 ,0 3 6 ,5 1 1 !|
4 ,1 4 2 ,6 6 9
2 6 ,9 2 1 ,9 4 3
22, 779, 274!
1 5 ,1 1 2 , 515! * 1 ,8 9 2 ,0 9 5 :
* 1 7 ,0 0 5 ,5 1 0
1 7 ,1 8 9 , 353
15. 600, 716,,
1 ,5 8 8 ,6 3 7
1 9 ,1 5 8 , 588
1 9 ,1 5 8 , 5S8
6 ,5 3 3 ,8 4 5
20, 760, 580
27, 2 9 4 ,4 2 5
26, 869, 436
44, 710, 850
6 1 ,5 8 0 , 286
5, 0 0 8 ,5 8 5
2 2 ,8 3 9 , 360
1 7 ,8 3 0 ,7 7 5 .
3 ,9 6 7 ,8 2 5
• 1 1 ,1 3 1 ,8 9 5
15, 099, 720
2 2 ,4 2 4 ,4 9 4
4, 5 8 2,477
2 7 ,0 0 6 , 971
1 2 ,402, 640 !
3, 2 8 8 ,1 9 6
15, 6 9 0 ,8 3 6
5 , 77C, 546 ■
21, 9 81,4 5 5 ,
2 7 ,7 5 8 ,0 0 1
m 25, 0 0 0 ,0 0 0 !
25, 0 0 0 ,0 0 0
(» )
46, 205,1 3 0
1 7 ,5 9 4 ,5 9 3
G3,859, 723
20, 307, 669 !
5 ,1 9 4 ,8 1 4
25, 502, 483
1 ,7 6 1 ,2 9 0
26, 9 4 6 ,1 9 0
25,184, 900
8 ,1 7 6 , 270
3 6 ,4 1 5 ,8 0 0
28, 239,530!:
(n)
2 2 ,5 2 8 ,1 0 3
m 22, 5 28,1 0 3
(n)
m 119, 856, 680
1 1 9 ,8 5 6 , 680
7, 510, L41
8 2 ,9 3 4 ,8 5 9
9 0 ,4 4 5 , 000
269, 910
12, 5 52,0 1 7
1 2 ,8 2 1 ,9 2 7
709, 268
2 ,1 5 1 , 864
2, 8 6 1 ,1 3 2
6 ,9 6 2 , 332
774, 092
7 ,7 3 6 ,4 2 4
5 0 ,4 5 4 , 365
17, 355, 220
C7, 809, 585
9, 6 86,1 9 0
1. 061, 830
1 0 .7 4 8 ,0 2 0
2, 381, 952
5 ,1 1 0 ,3 6 7
7 ,4 9 2 , 319
(71)
m 15,553, 660
15, 5 5 3 ,6 6 0
8 ,4 3 4 , 123
2 9 ,1 4 2 , 675
3 7 ,5 7 6 , 798,,

$ 3 .9 6 $ 9 .4 0 a $ 8 .1 0 $ 2 4 .3 0 ^
2 0 .6 0
3 .2 4 1 5 .4 5
1 .5 0 1 3 .5 0 d 2 . 75 1 7 .7 5
3. 79 a 6. 00
(e)
(e)
(0)
5 .0 0
7. 50 ft 6 .0 0
1 8 .5 0
4 .9 4 12. 50
2 3 .6 5
6 .2 1
5 .8 3
7 .9 4 1 a 5.4 6
2 .6 7
2 1 .9 0
4 .4 0 12. 50 a 2 .2 0
25. 31
6 .2 1
19. 80
21. 58
1 .7 8
2 .5 8
6 .4 4 1 1 .2 7 | Q9. 73 30. 02
7 .8 0 15. 00
(e)
(0)
6 .0 0
1 0 .5 0
5 .5 0
5 .0 0
1 .0 6 1 2 .0 0 '..............
.5 4
1 3 .6 0
1 2 .9 0
(e)
(e)
(e) j (0)
(e)
2 1 .6 0
(e) 1 (0)
(e)
14. 40 1 8 .9 9
23. 39
(k)
5 .7 5 12. 00 i a 7. 50 2 7 .7 5
2 .5 0
(e)
1 6 .4 0
(e)
(e)
(0)
5 .4 0
2 .7 0
8 .4 0 a 5 . 50 2 2 .0 0
5 .6 6 12. 00 0 8 . 8 0
2 9 .3 0
2 .8 4
2 5 .5 0
( e)
(e)
<0)
(0)
1 12. 00 1 4 .0 0
2 6 .0 0
(k)
(e) 1 (0)
( e)
(e)
(0)
7 .8 0 2 6 .5 0 ! <743. 75 r 8 3 . 65
5 .6 0
3 .7 4 1 8 .7 2
2 5 .3 0
2 .8 4
4 .2 6 1 2 .5 0 s 9 .9 5
2 9 .5 5
2 .8 4
5 .8 5 1 2 .2 1 a 6 .6 0
2 7 .5 0
2 .8 4
(0 )
(0)
(0)
(0)
4 .9 0 1 2 .5 0 a 2 .5 0
2 3 .7 0
3 .8 0
7 .7 0 1 4 .5 0 a 1 9 .0 0
4 .3 0
4 5 .5 0
3 .4 6 18. 30
2 4 .6 0
2 .8 4 ,
8 .0 0 15. 00 a 6 .1 0
3 3 .1 0
4 .0 0
9 .0 5 25. 48 u 4 .0 0 t>41. 83
3 .3 0
1 .6 1
9 .8 1 tv 6. 52
19. 08
1 .1 4
2 1 .7 0 11. 00
36. CO
H. 30
2
8 .1 0
3
.0
7
1
3
.7
0
3 .0 3
a 8. 30
5 .5 3 2 1 .3 6
29. 60
2 .7 1
6
.2
4
16. 95
2 5 .2 7
2 .0 8
2 .5 0 1 3 .5 0 a 8 .0 0
2 4 .0 0
4 .6 3 10. 70 a 4. 00 22. 30
2 .9 7
1 7 .8 0
(e)
(e)
(«)
(0)
17. 30 9 .5 0 y 3 .4 0 20. 20
(k )
6 .5 0 1 5 .0 0
25. 50
4 .0 0
6 .6 0 1 5 .7 0 ad. 80 2 8 .1 0
2 .0 0
.4 5 1 7 .0 2 ..............
.1 3
1 7 .6 0
2 .2 8 13. 58 a 9.’ 69 28. 01
2 .4 6
4. 00 7 .0 0 a 6. 00
1 7 .0 0
a a l7 .5 0
(e)
(e)
(0)
(0)
.3 5 1 7 .3 4
1 7 .8 0
. 11
5 .4 0 16. 60
2. 80 ,
2 4 .8 0
.7 0 13. 50
.2 0
1 4 .4 0
2 0 .0 0 * '* ( 0 ) "
( e) i (c)
(0)
4 .0 3
7 .0 0 dd 4 .5 0
2 .9 7 i
1 8 .5 0
5 .4 2 2 0 .4 2 '.............. 1 2 8 .6 0
2. 76
3 .5 0
5 .2 5 ad. 70 3 5 .4 5
(e)
(e)
(0)
(0)
(0)
1 4 .0 0 24. 00 ee 17.20 59. 30
4 .1 0
/ / 1 4 . 30 1 2 .0 0
26. 30
(*)
1 12.50 12. 50
2 5 .0 0
(*>
22. 50
(e)
(e)
(e)
(e)
3 .0 0
9 .0 0 a 5 .0 0
1 7 .0 0
.7 5 14.21 99 •12 1 5 .6 0
.5 2

$ 2 .8 4
1 .9 1

r N o t in c lu d in g a p a r k t a x o f fro m $9 to $ 1 1 .5 0 .
s School, $ 8 .8 5 ; p a r k , $ 1 .1 0 .
t O f v a lu e o f t a x a b le p r o p e r ty .
u T o w n sliip .
v N o t in c lu d in g a sch o ol d i s tr i c t t a x .
w S chool, $ 3 .4 2 ; p o lice, $ 2 .4 3 ; h ig h w a y , $ 0 .6 7 .
x L e s s lia b ilitie s d e d u c te d .
y School, $ 3 .0 7 ; l ib r a r y , $ 0 .3 3 .
z O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n ; m a y b e 7 p e r c e n t w ith c o n s e n t o f c itiz e n s .
« & N o t in c lu d in g a sch o ol t a x o f from $ 1 .7 5 t o $7.
bb O f assessed, v a lu a tio n p lu s e x e m p tio n s.
cc B u t c a n b o rro w o n ly w ith a p p ro v a l o f S ta te a tto rn e y * g e n e ra l.
dd School. $ 4 .4 0 ; to w n sh ip , $0.10.
ee School, $ 1 5 ; sc h o o l bond, $ 1 .4 0 ; sch o ol b ond s in k in g fu nd , $0.80.
f f I n c lu d in g S ta te a n d sch ool.
gg A r m o r y .




|

IT*
ai
nr.
1
2
3
4
5

6
7
8
9
10
11
12

13
14
13
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62

676

BULLETIN OP THE DEPARTMENT OP LABOR,

T able XII.—DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PROPERTY, AND TAXATION-Continued.
M ar­
g in a l

num­

D e b t.

Cities.

b e r.

63
64
65

06
67

70
71
72
73
74
75
76
79
80
81
82
83
84
85

88
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

100
101
102
103
104
105
108
107
108
109

110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118

L in c o ln , N e b r .....................................
L i t t l e R o c k , A r k ..............................
L o s A n g eles , C a l ..............................
L o u is v ille , K v .....................................
L o w e ll, M a s s .......................................
L y n n , M a s s . . ........................................
M c K e e s p o r t, P a .................................
M a co n , G a ..............................................
M ald en , M a s s .......................................
M a n c h e s te r , N . H ..............................
M em p h is, T e n n ...................................
M ilw a u k e e , W i s ................................
M in n eap o lis, M i n n ..........................
M obile, A l a ............................................
N a s h v ille , T e n n ................................
N e w a rk , N . J .......................................
N e w B e d fo rd , M a s s ..........................
N e w H a v e n , C o n n ............................
N ew O rlean s, L a .................................
N e w p o r t, K y .......................................
N o w Y o r k , N . Y .................................
N o rfo lk , V a ..........................................
O ak lan d . C a l .......................................
O m aha, N e b r .......................................
O sh k o sh , W i s .....................................
P a te r s o n , N . J .....................................
P a w t u c k e t , R . I .................................
P e o r ia , 1 1 1 ..............................................
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a .................................
P i t t s b u r g , P a .......................................
P o r tla n d , M e. (gg) ............................
P o r tla n d , O re g o n ..........: .................
P r o v id e n c e , R . I ................................
P u e b lo , C o lo ..........................................
Q u in cy , 1 1 1 ............................................
R e a d in g , P a .........................................
R ich m o n d , V a .....................................
R o c h e s te r , N . Y .................................
R o c k fo rd , 11 1 .......................................
S a c ra m e n to , C a l .................................
S ag in a w , M i c h ...................................
S t. J o s e p h , M o ...................................
S t. L o u is , M o ........................................
S t. P a u l, M in n .....................................
S alem , M a s s ..........................................
S a lt L a k e C ity , U t a h .....................
S a n A n to n io , T e x ............................
S an F r a n c i s c o , C a l ..........................
S a v a n n a h , G a .....................................
S c ra n to n , P a .......................................
S e a ttle , W a s h .....................................
S io u x C ity . I o w a ..............................
S o m erv ille, M a s s ..............................
S o u th B e n d , I n d ..............................
S p ok an e, W a s h ................................
S p rin g field , 1 1 1 ...................................

Bonded.

| 1 ,5 9 4 ,1 0 0
1 1 8 .5 0 0
1 ,6 2 7 ,4 5 0
9 .6 4 8 .0 0 0
3 .4 5 4 .9 5 0
4 .2 2 6 .9 5 0
4 4 2 ,1 0 0
975, 000
1 ,6 7 5 ,7 0 0
1, 855 ,0 0 0
2, 980, 000
6, 288 ,7 5 0
8, 315 ,0 0 0
r 7 5 0 ,000
3, 318 ,8 0 0
1 4 ,1 1 3 , 000
3, 550,000
2 ,9 3 3 ,2 0 0
1 4 ,4 2 0 . 330
1 ,0 7 6 , 600
3 4 3 ,2 6 9 ,1 2 8
3 ,5 7 3 ,1 5 0
5 4 2 .5 0 0
4 ,1 9 6 ,1 0 0
3 7 5 ,3 1 6
2, 548 ,0 0 0
4 .1 0 1 .0 0 0
7 1 4 .5 0 0
5 1 ,2 4 1 ,2 9 5
1 5 ,3 3 1 ,2 0 2

2.666.000

5, 560 ,3 3 6
1 7 ,3 8 1 ,0 0 0
1, 0 0 6,000
1 ,2 3 4 ,4 0 0
1 ,5 4 5 ,5 0 0
7, 2 2 8,683
8, 6 2 0,000
2 9 6 ,8 0 0
2 1 8 ,0 0 0
1, 2 9 6 ,4 0 0
1, 5 7 6 ,3 0 0
1 9 ,5 0 3 ,3 8 5

a C o n tro lle d b y le g is la tio n .
b School. $ 1 1 ; s a n ita r y , $1.
c B o rr o w in g p ro h ib ite d b y la w .
d S ch o o l.
e O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n , b u t m u s t n o t
f In c lu d in g p e rso n a l.
g I n c lu d e d in r e a l.
h O f v a lu e o f t a x a b l e p r o p e r ty .
i I n c lu d e d in c o u n ty .
j I n c lu d in g S ta te .
k O f a v e r a g e v a lu a tio n f o r 3 y e a r s .
I O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n ,

8, 211,100
9 8 8 ,4 0 0
3 .2 6 8 .0 0 0

(P)

2 .1 7 5 .0 0 0
3 .2 7 8 .9 5 0
1 .0 4 0 .0 0 0
4 .2 7 5 .0 0 0
1 ,9 7 8 ,9 3 1
1 .5 5 2 .0 0 0
637 ,8 0 3
2 ,3 4 4 ,2 7 2
9 0 2 ,3 5 0

F lo a tin g .

$ 1 1 2 ,3 8 4
4 6 ,3 6 9
1 9 ,4 4 1
283, 000
425, 000
2 8 ,7 1 7
2 7 ,1 9 3
1 2 3 ,2 1 2

4 1 7 ,0 0 0
5 7 1 ,0 2 9
4 1 1 ,1 9 3
2 4 2 ,2 0 0
7 ,6 0 0

11,000

2 ,6 2 9 ,6 0 7
595, 254
5 9 4 ,8 2 0
235, 409
1 ,2 1 6 , 788
1 ,2 4 2 ,2 2 9
1 3 0 ,3 3 4
1.15, 922
993, 888
1 3 5 ,2 7 5
8 ,7 3 8
957, 217
2 3 0 ,0 0 0
6, 665
1, 7 8 0 ,9 8 0
86, 261
1 1 ,1 1 3

(p)

1 ,9 0 5 ,6 7 3
1 8 ,0 0 0
7, 034
1 4 8 ,7 3 4
2 3 ,4 7 1
485, 796
161, 811

T o ta l.

S in k in g
fu n d .

$1, 7 0 6 ,4 8 4
$ 3 2 ,5 0 0
364, 869
1 1 ,5 3 0
1 ,6 4 6 , 891
9 4 ,9 2 6
9 .9 3 1 .0 0 0
5 6 4 ,4 9 2
3 ,8 7 9 , 950
5 0 6 ,8 7 0
4 .2 2 6 .9 5 0
1, 0 0 9 ,4 1 4
6 4 ,2 3 6
470, 817
1 ,0 0 2 ,1 9 3
2 5 0 ,0 0 0
1, 675, 700
205, 872
1 ,9 7 8 ,2 1 2
1 8 4 ,1 5 7
2, 9 8 0 ,0 0 0
4 6 ,2 9 3
6 ,2 8 8 ,7 5 0
5 6 5 ,8 5 0
8 ,3 1 5 , 000
1 ,6 5 9 ,2 5 5
r 75 0 ,0 0 0
3 ,3 1 8 , 800
1 4 ,1 1 3 ,0 0 0
3 ,4 3 3 ,0 3 9
3 .9 6 7 .0 0 0
6 4 7 ,8 0 4
3, 504, 229
2 0 5 ,0 6 9
1 4 ,8 3 1 , 523
1 ,3 1 8 ,8 0 0
1 5 ,1 2 4
343, 27 6 ,7 2 8 9 9 ,0 5 6 ,2 9 2
3, 5 8 4 ,1 5 0
3 4 0 ,0 0 0
542, 500
6 ,8 2 5 ,7 0 7
375, 316
3 ,1 4 3 , 2541
4 ,6 9 5 , 820
4 8 7 ,5 2 9
bb 335, 000
9 4 9 ,9 0 9
1 6 ,0 7 8 ,0 0 0
5 2 ,4 5 8 ,0 8 3
1 6 ,5 7 3 ,4 3 1
4 ,0 5 8 ,2 4 6
2 ,7 9 6 ,3 3 4
1 ,6 1 5 ,1 7 7
5 ,6 7 6 ,2 5 8
3 5 ,7 8 4
1 8 ,3 7 4 ,8 8 8
4 ,2 5 6 ,6 0 8
1 ,1 4 1 ,2 7 5
3 3 ,2 2 3
1 2 1 ,8 2 1
1 ,2 4 3 ,1 3 8
1 ,5 4 5 ,5 0 0
127 ,0 6 3
2 7 2 ,8 8 8
7 ,2 2 8 ,6 8 3
9 ,5 7 7 ,2 1 7
4 4 8 ,2 7 7
5 2 6 ,8 0 0
2 1 8 ,0 0 0
5 4 ,0 0 0
1 ,2 9 6 ,4 0 0
7 3 ,5 3 6
1 ,5 8 2 , 965
2 1 ,7 5 1
19. 5 0 3 ,3 8 5
398, 000
9 ,9 9 2 ,0 8 0
5 6 9 ,0 2 0
1 ,0 7 4 , 661
1 8 7 ,6 6 8
3 ,2 7 9 ,1 1 3
9 5 ,2 0 0

’'i8,'ooo

(p )

4 ,0 8 0 , 673
3 .2 7 8 .9 5 0
1 .0 5 8 .0 0 0
4 ,2 8 2 ,0 3 4
2,127,6651
1, 5 5 2 ,0001
661, 2741
2 ,8 3 0 , 068
1,061,1611

<P)

2 1 4 ,2 6 8
49, 022
2 9 8 ,2 5 7
1 4 3 ,1 9 6
2 2 ,5 2 4
6 1 ,8 2 1

22

$ 1 ,6 7 3 ,9 8 4
153, 339
1 ,5 5 1 ,9 6 5
9 ,3 6 6 , 508
3 ,3 7 3 ,0 8 0
3 ,2 1 7 , 536
400, 581
7 5 2 ,1 9 3
1 .4 6 9 ,8 2 8
1, 794, 055
2 ,9 3 3 , 707
5 ,7 2 2 , 900
6 ,6 5 5 , 745
r 7 5 0 ,000
3 ,3 1 8 ,8 0 0
1 0 ,6 7 9 , 961
3, 3 1 9 ,1 9 6
3 ,2 9 9 ,1 6 0
14, 831, 523
1 ,3 0 3 , 676
2 4 4 ,2 2 0 , 436
3 ,2 4 4 ,1 5 0
542, 500
6 ,8 0 7 ,7 0 7
375, 316
3 .1 4 3 , 254
4 ,2 0 8 ,2 9 1
614, 909
3 6 ,3 8 0 ,0 8 3
1 2 ,5 1 5 .1 8 5
1 ,1 8 1 ,1 5 7
5 ,6 4 0 , 474
1 4 ,1 1 8 ,2 8 0
1 ,1 0 8 ,0 5 2
1 ,1 2 1 , 317
1 .4 1 8 , 437
6 ,9 5 5 , 795
9 ,1 2 8 ,9 4 0
526, 800
164, 000
1 ,2 2 2 ,8 8 4
1 ,5 6 1 , 214
1 9 ,1 0 5 , 385
9 ,4 2 3 ,0 6 0
886, 993
3 ,1 8 3 ,9 1 3

(P)

3, 8 6 6 ,4 0 5
3 ,2 2 9 ,9 2 8
7 5 9 ,7 4 3
4, 282, 034
1 ,9 8 4 , 469
1, 552, 000
638, 750
2, 768, 247
1 ,0 8 4 ,1 3 9

e x c e e d $ 2,000,000, e x c e p t f o r w a te r w o r k s o r s e w e r s .

m S in k in g fu n d a n d sch o ol.
n M e tr o p o lita n s e w e r.
© O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n , e x c e p t f o r w a t e r b o n d s a n d s in k in g fu n d .
p N o t r e p o rte d .
q A v e r a g e w a r d an d se w e r.
r N o t in c lu d in g $2,254,78 7 .5 3 a ss u m e d b y S ta te on r e o rg a n iz a tio n o f c i t y .
8 S ch o ol, $ 1 ; s p e cia l, $0.50.
t D e b t.
u D is tric t an d sew er.
v O f a ss e s s e d v a lu a tio n o f r e a l e s ta te .
w B o ro u g h s o f M a n h a tta n a n d B r o n x , $ 2 0 .1 0 ; o th e r b o ro u g h s n o t r e p o rte d .




N e t d e b t.

677

STATISTICS OP CITIES.

T a b l e X I I . — D E B T , A S S E S S E D V A L U A T I O N O F P R O P E R T Y , A N D T A X A T I O N — C o n tin u e d .
A s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n o f p r o p e r ty .
L e g a l b o rro w in g
lim it.

P e r s o n a l.

R e a l.

(a)
(c)

$4, 503,152
9 ,2 8 3 ,1 8 0
/ 6 1 , 099, 307
9 6 ,4 3 3 ,1 4 9
5 5 ,6 2 6 ,9 8 0
4 1 ,5 7 5 ,5 3 6
14, 520, 000
8, 9 2 2 ,8 7 8
2 2 ,9 7 5 , 200
2 6 ,265, 034
/ 3 9 , 8 5 5 ,4 0 1
122, 2 5 8 ,6 6 8
8 8 ,1 1 3 , 670
11,3 0 6 . 461
28, 684, 240
1 1 1 ,9 7 9 ,9 0 4
3 5 ,8 7 1 ,5 2 5
54, 058, 308
(a)
102, 3 16,1 0 5
(a)
9, 48 2 ,0 0 0
10 p e r c e n t (h) .
10 p e r c e n t ( v) . . 2 ,5 2 7 ,4 3 3 ,1 6 6
2 1 ,686, 000,
20 p e r c e n t (l)..
4 4 ,1 1 4 , 994 !
15 p e r c e n t (l)..
$3,000,000 ( 2 ) . . .
2 7 ,6 7 3 ,9 3 5 , !
6 ,8 4 9 ,0 0 6 !
5 p e r c n t ( ? ) ...
1 ,7 7 4 ,5 0 0
10 p e r c e n t (? )-2 8 ,2 4 2 ,4 0 0
3 p e r c e n t (aa ) .
5 ,8 9 1 , 200
5 p e r c e n t ............
8 6 2 ,8 0 1 ,6 7 0
7 p e r c e n t (dd) .
3 1 7 ,1 7 4 ,2 2 1
7 j)6 r c e n t (l). . .
2 6 ,4 5 2 ,6 0 0
5 p e r c e n t (l) . . .
/ 3 8 ,3 9 6 ,6 2 0
(p)
3 p e r c e n t (aa) .
1 4 2 ,4 3 0 ,2 0 0
5 p e r c e n t (jj) . .
/ 7 ,9 8 0 ,3 2 7
5 p e r c e n t (l) . . .
2 ,9 8 8 , 512
7 p e r c e ifl (I) . .
42, 0 16,4 0 3
18 p e r c e n t
.
4 5 ,0 6 5 ,1 5 5
10 p e r c e n t
1 0 1 ,8 9 7 ,3 7 5
5 p e r c e n t ............
4 ,0 6 8 , 262
1 3 ,0 7 1 ,4 5 0
15 p e r c e n t (h) .
1 2 ,8 1 4 ,0 7 5
l i m i t ..............
1 5 ,5 0 6 ,9 6 0
5 p e r c e n t (l) . .
5 p e r c e n t ( l) . .
3 0 8 ,5 1 2 ,8 0 0
78, 5 2 3 ,0 1 5
l i m i t ..............
1 8 ,5 5 1 ,6 0 0
2£ p e r c e n t ----2 4 ,4 3 8 ,9 9 9
4 p e r ce n t (?)--15 p e r c e n t ( e)..
10 p e r c e n t (h)..
2£ p e r c e n t (k).
2 j p e r c e n t (k) .
7 p e r c e n t ( Z ) ...
7 p e r c e n t (l ) . . .
2| p e r c e n t (k) .
5 p e r c e n t (o ) ...
<c)
5 p e r c e n t (l) . .
5 p e r cent. (1) . .
l i m i t . . ..........
N o l i m i t ..............
15 p e r c e n t (l) . .
$1,422,899.09 . . .

No

(v)

(v) .

No

No

(P)

15 p e r c e n t ( J ) - 7 p e r c e n t (l) . .
7 p e r c e n t (l) . .
10 p e r c e n t ( ? ) ..
5 p e r c e n t (?)--•
$1,241,534 ............
2 p e r c e n t (l) . .
5 p e r c e n t (l) . .
5 p e r c e n t (l) ..

(p)

2 78,157, 865
2 4 ,9 2 0 , 795
/ 2 1 ,6 4 5 , 255
25 ,8 9 0 , 887
4, 5 30,3 6 3
4 7 ,0 1 5 , 775
12, 903, 720
1 4 ,8 2 4 ,6 2 0
3, 671, 224

!1

T o ta l.

j

T a x r a t e p e r $1,000.

M a r­
g in a l
num ­
C ity . O th e r. T o ta l.
b e r.

J S ta te . C o u n ty .
!

$ 5 18,805
3 ,0 0 4 ,7 7 5

$5, 021, 957 $ 7 .5 0
$17. 80 $38. 00 6 $ 1 2 .00 $75. 30
1 2 ,2 8 7 ,9 5 5
4 .7 5
7 .2 5
6 .0 0 d 5 .0 0
23. 00
6 1 ,0 9 9 ,3 0 7
.4 9
.8 4
1 2 .5 0
1 3 .8 3
2 2 ,4 2 3 ,2 0 4
1 1 8 ,8 5 6 ,3 5 3
j
5
.2
5
1
8
.4
0
23. 65
(i)
15,350, 323|!
7 0 ,9 7 7 ,3 0 3
.6 3
.93! 1 6 .4 4 . . . . . . .
18. 00
.8 3
9 ,3 8 4 , 798
5 0 ,9 6 0 ,3 3 4
.6 5
1 6 .1 2
17. 60
6 5 ,3 9 6
1 4 ,5 8 5 , 396 ..............
2 .7 5
7 .0 0 m 7. 2 5
1 7 .0 0
5 ,1 0 1 ,0 6 4 !
1 4 ,0 2 3 ,9 4 2
6 .2 1 j
12. 50
7 .7 9
26. 50
.5 6
3 ,1 7 2 ,4 6 0 !
2 6 ,1 4 7 , 660
.2 2
1 5 .3 5
n . 37 | 1 6 .5 0
3 ,4 4 2 ,6 5 4
2 9 ,7 0 7 ,6 8 8 (P) j (P)
1 9 .5 0
(P)
(P)
39, 8 5 5 ,4 0 1 (P) 1\ (P)
(P)
(P) 1 (P)
(9)
1
2 4 ,9 7 0 ,7 6 0
1 4 7 ,2 2 9 ,4 2 8
1 3 .6 8 g 3 .8 3 1 2 3 .0 2
<0 I j 5 .5 1
3. 03 1
1 9 ,1 1 3 ,7 1 5
1 0 7 ,2 2 7 ,3 8 5
2 .8 7
1 7 .1 0
| 2 3 .0 0
1 6 ,2 8 2 ,9 0 4
5. 50 !
4 ,9 7 6 ,4 4 3
13. 50 s i . 50 1 2 5 .5 0
5 .0 0
6 ,7 1 5 ,1 5 0 ,
35, 399, 390
3. 50
7. CO 15.001_______!j 2 5 .5 0
2 6 ,3 9 3 ,3 0 5
1 3 8 ,3 7 3 , 209
(P)
(p) ! (p)
(P)
(P)
21,480,6011
57, 3 5 2 ,1 2 6
.5 5
1 2 .1 0 1 4. 53,. 1 9 .2 0
2 .0 2
1 3 ,4 3 5 ,7 9 3
6 7 ,4 9 4 ,1 0 1
18. 00
(P)
(p )
(P)
(P)
3 6 ,8 7 4 , 678
1 3 9 ,1 9 0 , 783
22. 00
7. 00
29 00
891 ,9 0 0
1 0 ,3 7 3 , 900
5. 25
17. 50 u 2 .6 0
26. 35
1 .0 0
546, 349, 679 3, 073, 782, 845
(P)
(P)
(P)
(P)
2 5 ,5 6 3 , 370
3 ,8 7 7 ,3 7 0
4. 00
1 6 .0 0 a 1 .0 0
21. 00
4, 531, 987
48, 646, 981
1 2 .1 0
4. 88
3. 30 27. 40i
7 .1 2
5 ,3 7 5 , 568
33, 049, 503
2 1 .2 0 d 2 .8 0
4 7 .1 3
7 .6 3
1 5 .5 0
2 ,4 3 0 ,9 8 7
9 ,2 7 9 , 993
26. 50
(P)
(p)
(P)
(P)
3 2 2 ,8 9 6
2, 097, 396
(P)
(P)
(P)
(P)
(P)
5 ,1 1 3 , 800
33, 3 5 6 ,2 0 0
16. 50
(P)
(P)
(P) ! (P)
1 ,6 4 9 ,9 6 6
7 ,5 4 1 ,1 6 6
5 .6 )
1 0 .0 0 3 0 .1 0 cc 42.80 8 8 .5 0
1, 714, 365
864, 5 1 6 ,0 3 5
18. 50
18.50
1 ,9 0 2 ,2 8 4
1 5 .0 0
3 1 9 ,0 7 6 ,5 0 5
fn .75
2. 75
1 2 ,8 5 4 ,9 2 0
39, 307, 520 (P)
(p)
" 21. 00
(P)
3 8 ,3 9 6 ,6 2 0
1 0 .7 0
00 hh 5. 50 32. 00
7 .8 0
(9)
3 9 ,1 2 7 ,9 2 0
1 8 1 ,5 5 8 ,1 2 0
9 .1 0 ii 5 .6 0
1 6 .5 0
1. 80
7, 980, 327
(P) 1 (P)
(P)
(9)
(P) I (P)
1 ,2 6 6 ,6 3 9
2 8 .8 0 kk 40.80 8 2 .7 0
4, 2 5 5 ,1 5 1
5. 60,
7 .5 0
1 0 1,030
8 .0 0 d 4 .0 0
14. 50
4 2 ,1 1 7 ,4 3 3
j 2. 50
2 3 ,1 9 4 , 093
68, 2 5 9 ,2 4 8
1 4 .0 0
18. 00
4 .0 0
1 0 ,8 9 5 ,6 1 5
112, 7 9 2 ,9 9 0
(P)
(P)
(P)
(P)
1 ,5 0 1 ,1 3 9
4 2 .1 4 ll 4. 32 5 6 .4 6
5 ,5 6 9 ,4 0 1
5. 60
4 .4 0
2, 5 8 3 ,1 7 5
1 9 .5 0 d 3 .4 0
15, 654, 625
3 5 .4 0
4 .8 8
7 .6 2
2 ,3 9 7 ,7 2 5
1 5 ,2 1 1 , 800
1 .1 0
(nn)
4 .9 6
7, 220 ,2 8 5
1 5 .5 0 <25.50 2 8 .0 0
2 2 ,7 2 7 ,2 4 5
4 .5 0
2 .5 0
4 4 ,1 4 0 ,1 6 0
352, 652, 960
. [ 1 2 .8 0 00 4 .2 0
2. 50 . . .
1 9 .5 0
14, 509,467
93, 032, 482
3 .0 3
3. 07 i1 1 2 .4 0 fZ2.50 2 1 .0 0
9, 836, 606
16. 80
2 8 ,3 8 8 .2 0 6
.2 3
.5 3 i 1 6 .0 4
7, 507, 019
3 1 ,9 4 6 ,0 1 8
2 7 .3 0
(p)
(P)
(P) I (P)
(p)
(P)
(P)
(P) ! (P)
(P)
(P)
697,971
278, 855, 836
1 3 .1 8
4. 88 ................
1 8 .0 6
10, 5 6 0,050
3 5 ,4 8 0 , 845
6 .4 9 ' pp 1.45
1 4 .1 5
6 .2 1
21, 615, 255
1 2 .8u gglV.50 37. 30
7 .0 0
4 ,8 2 3 , 241
5. 29 j 1 1 .0 0 tf 2. 50 24. 50
3 0 ,7 1 4 ,1 2 8
5 .7 1
1 ,2 9 0 ,5 3 0
5, 820, 893
11. 50 3 4 .2 0 c?16.00 65. 00
3 .3 0
3 ,7 2 3 , 925
50, 7 3 9 ,7 0 0
. 63 ! 1 4 .6 2
.2 1
n. 84 16. 30
834, 820
1 3 ,7 5 8 , 540
11.63!j 1 2 .3 0
2 .9 7
2 6 .9 0
4 ,0 5 3 ,1 5 1
7 .1 6
12. 00 d 5 . 00 30. 00
1 8 ,8 7 7 , 771
5. 84
10.00,, 3 1 .4 0
1 ,0 8 7 , 727
4 ,7 5 8 , 95lj| 5 .6 0
22.70 69. 70

(9)

1

(w)

y

1ee

ee

(P)

8.

(i) !

(P)

(mm)

i

(9)

rr

ss

x S chool. $ 0 .5 0 ; w a te r , $ 0 .5 0 .
y T o w n s h ip .
z E x c e p t s p e c ia l a s s e s s m e n t b on d s, on w h ic h th e r e is n o lim it.
a a O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n p lu s s in k in g fu n d .
bb I n c lu d in g $205 ,0 0 0 m o r tg a g e a g a in s t w a te r w o r k s .
ce C ow n sliip, r a ilro a d , in te r e s t, p a r k , a n d sch o ol.
dd O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n ; m a y be in c re a s e d b y p o p u la r v o te .
e e C ity r a t e .

S u b u rb a n r a te , $ 1 2 .3 3 ; a g r i c u l t u r a l r a t e , $ 9 .2 5 .

f f N o t in c lu d in g sch o ol b u ild in g t a x o f fro m $0.14 to $7.
gg N o t in c lu d in g c ity o f D e e rin g . a n n e x e d to P o r tla n d F e b r u a r y
hh School, $ 4 ; p o r t o f P o r tla n d , $1.50.
ii I n t e r e s t a n d s in k in g fu n d .
j j O f a s s e s s e d v a lu a tio n , e x c e p t fo r sch o o ls a n d w a te r w o r k s .
kk Sch o ol, $ 1 8 .1 0 ; in te r e s t, $ 1 2 .5 0 ; s in k in g fu n d , $10 .2 0 .
II T o w n sh ip , $ 0 .3 2 ; ro a d a n d b r id g e , $ 4 .
m m E a s t e r n d i s tr i c t , $ 1 8 .0 5 ; w e s te r n d i s t r i c t , $24.86.
nn E a s t e r n d i s tr i c t , $ 2 4 .7 1 ; w e s te r n d is tr ic t, $30.92.
oo S ch ool, $ 4 ; lib r a r y , $0.20.
p p 10 p e r c e n t d is c o u n t fo r p ro m p t p a y m e n t,
gg S c h o o l, $ 1 4 ; p oor, $ 3 .5 0 .
r r I n c lu d in g to w n s h ip .
$8S ch o o l, $ 1 9 .5 0 ; n o t r e p o r t s 1, $ 3 .2 0 .




6 ,1 8 9 9 .

64
65

66

63
67

68

69
• 70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85

86
87
88

89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99

100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109

110
111
112
113

116
117
118

678

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able XII.—DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PROPERTY, AND TAXATION—Concluded.
Mar­
ginal
num ­
ber.
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
12G
127
128
129
.130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Cities.
Springfield, Mass .
Springfield, Mo .. .
Springfield, Ohio ..
Superior, W is ........
Syracuse, N. Y ----Tacoma, W a sh ----Taunton, M a ss___
Terre Haute, Ind .
Toledo, O h io ..........
Topeka,' K an s........
Trenton, N. J ........
Troy, N. Y ..............
TJtica, N. Y ..............
W ashington, D. C .
Waterbury, Conn .
Wheeling, W. V a ..
W ilkesbarre, Pa ..
Williamsport, P a..
W ilm ington, D e l..
Worcester, Mass ..
Yonkers, N. Y ........
Youngstown, Ohio

Debt.
Bonded.

Sinking
fund.

Floating.

$2, 547, 000 $48,073
156.100
904, 721
1, 466, 695
6, 266, 000 233,600
3, 040, 000 1, 402, 350
1, 424, 525
83,350
387, 000
6,012,1191 375,827
733, 698
3, 001,166!
1, 639, 606'
484,2501
15, 888, 200
1,137, 500 273, 847
542,200
46, 720
535. 200
87, 634
740.100
19, 600
2, 034, 450
8, 045, 000 164, 626
3, 312, 523
628, 288' ’*27,’666

$2, 595, 073
156,100
904, 721
1, 466, 695
6, 499, 600
4, 442, 350
1, 507, 875
387, 000
6, 387, 946
733, 698
3, 001,166
1,639, 606
484, 250
15, 888, 200
1, 411, 347
588, 920
622, 834
759, 700
2, 034, 450
8, 209, 626
3, 312, 523
655, 288

a Of average assessed valuation for 3 preceding years.
b Of assessed valuation.
c School.
d School. $6; township, $0.32.

e School, $11; library, $0.35.
/ O f assessed valuation of real estate.
g School, $3; highway, $6.
h Of average of 3 preceding valuations plus exem ptions.
i Including township.
j N ot reported.




$411, 855
27, 623
242, 382
21, 406
239,775
607,814
12, 448
1, 028, 555
90, 944
713, 916
58, 897
21, 989
102,200
38, 678
3, 204, 932
279, 944

N et debt.
$2,183, 218
128, 477
904, 721
1,224, 313
6,499, 600
4, 420,944
1,288, 100
387, 000
5, 780, 132
721, 250
1, 972, 611
1, 548, 662
484, 250
15,174, 284
1, 352, 450
566, 931
520, 634
721, 022
2, 034, 450
5, 004, 694
3, 032, 579
655,288

679

STATISTICS OP CITIES.

T able XII.—DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PEOPEETY, AND TAXATION—Concluded.
Legal borrowing
lim it.
2b per cent (a ) ..
5 per cent (b) ..
No lim it............
5 per cent (b) ..
10 p ercen t { / ) ..
10 p ercen t(&)..
24 per cent (h ) .
2 per cent..........
No lim it............
No lim it............
O')
10 per cent ( /) .
10 per cent ( / ) .
(m)
No lim it............
5 percent (q ) ...
7 per cent (b ) ..
7 per cent (b) ..
No lim it............
$2,427,395.83 .. .
10 per cent (/) .
No lim it............

A ssessed valuation of property.
Neal.

Personal.

$55, 022, 570 $13, 677,143
6, 029, 742 - 2,172, 804
11, 435,485 5, 564,515
8, 929, 295 1, 066, 888
67, 531,651 10, 537, 358
19, 830,130 3, 680, 454
14, 840, 785 5, 467, 625
15, 025, 870 5, 700, 819
38, 409, 750 12, 448, 920
7, 501, 874 1, 352, 920
24, 903, 677 5, 409, 615
42, 494, 633 5, 282, 425
28, 472,140 9, 222, 004
185, 367, 252 5, 669, 600
0 11,159,766
CP )
17, 884, 382 5, 442, 772
4, 588, 623 4,158, 829
o 9 ,169, 659
(P)
40, 000, 000
81, 260, 650 19, 635, 550
32, 233, 460 3, 205, 860
10, 084, 640 3, 153, 970

Total.

Tax rate per $1,000.

Mar­
ginal
State. County. City. Other. Total. num­
ber.

$68, 699, 713 $0. 39
8, 202, 546 2. 50
17, 000, 000 2. 84
9, 996,183 2. 50
78, 069, 009 1.73
23, 510, 584 5. 40
20, 308, 410 . 55
20, 726, 689 O')
50, 858, 670 2. 84
8, 854, 794 3.90
30, 313, 292 2. 78
47, 717, 058 (k)
37,694,144
191, 036, 852
11,159, 766 0)
23, 327,154 0)
8, 747, 452
9,169, 659
40, 000, 000
100, 896, 200 .31
35, 439, 320 1.44
13, 238, 610 2. 84

$0. 87 $12. 54
7.00 8.50
3. 64 10.00
18.00 13. 75
2.13 15. 95
6.60 12. 00
2. 00 £16. 05
0)
0)
5.86 16.80
9.30 19. 00
6. 03 12. 69
15. 59 12. 50
8.18 11.44
(n)
(?)
O')
(j)
1.75 5.0)50
5. 00 14. 80
6. 00 14. 00
.87 15. 02
2. 92 16. 59
7. 56 10. 37

Tc Included in county.
I Including State.
m Controlled by Congress.
n City, $15; agricultural, $10.
o Inclnding personal.
p Included in real.
q Of State assessm ent: Ileal, $13,458,800; personal, $5,487,790.
r School, $3.75; poor, $1.13.
s School, $10; township, $1.93.




c $5. 00
d 6. 32
e l l. 35
g 9. 00

O')
cl . 70
c ll.0 0
(?)
O')
c6. 50

r 4. 88

c . 87
s ll.9 3

$13. 80
23.00
22. 80
45. 60
19. 81
33.00
18. 60 •
O')
33. 20
43. 20
21.50
18. 09
19. 62
(n)
0)
0)
12.13
26. 30
20. 00
16. 20
21. 82
32. 70

119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
table

XIII.—in c o m e fr o m a l l so u r c e s .
Ordinary receipts.

ar­
il al
lin ­
er.

1
a3
4
5

6
8
9
10
11
12
7

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
6263
64
65

66

67
63
69
70

C itie s.

A k ro n , O h io ...................
A lb a n y , N . Y ................
A lle g h e n y , P a ..............
A lle n to w n , P a ............
A lto o n a , P a ...................
A tla n ta , G a ...................
A u b u r n , N . Y ..............
A u g u s ta , G a .................
B a ltim o r e , M d ............
B a y C ity , M i c h ..........
B in g h a m to n , N . Y . . .
B ir m in g h a m , A l a . . .
B o s to n , M a s s ................
B r id g e p o rt, C o n n ___
B r o c k to n , M a s s ..........
B u ffalo, N . Y ................
B u t t e , M o n t...................
C a m b rid g e , M a s s ___
C am d en , N . J ................
C an to n , O h i o ................
C h a rle sto n , S. C ..........
C h a tta n o o g a , T e n n ..
C h elsea, M a s s ..............
C h icag o , I l l . ( / ) _____
C in c in n a ti, O h i o ___
C levelan d , O h i o ..........
C olu m b u s, O h io ..........
C o v in g to n , K y ............
D a lla s, T e x ...................
D av e n p o rt, I o w a ___
D ay to n , O h io ................
D e n v e r, C o l o ................
D es M o in es, l a . (g)..
D e tro it, M i c h ..............
D u b u q u e, I o w a ( h ) . .
D u lu th , M i n n ..............
E liz a b e th , N . J ............
E lm ir a , N . Y .................
E r i e , P a ............................
E v a n s v ille , I n d ..........
F a l l lii v e r , M a s s ___
F o r t W a y n e , I n d ___
F o r t W o r t h , T e x ___
G a lv e sto n , T e x ............
G lo u c e s te r , M a s s ___
G ran d R ap id s, M ic h .
H a r r i s b u r g , P a ..........
H a r tf o r d , C o n n ..........
H a v e rh ill, M a s s ..........
H o b o k en , N . J ..............
H o ly o k e, M a s s ............
H o u sto n , T e x ..............
In d ia n a p o lis, I n d ___
J e r s e y C ity , N . J ____
J o h n s to w n , P a ............
J o l i e t , 111 .......................
| K a n s a s C ity , K a n s . .
K a n s a s C ity , M o ___
K n o x v ille , T e n n ..........
L a C ro ss e , W i s ............
L a n c a s te r , P a ..............
L a w r e n c e , M a s s ..........
L in c o ln , N e b r ..............
L i t t l e R o c k , A r k ___
L o s A n g e le s , C a l ___
L o u is v ille , K y ..............
L o w e ll, M a s s .................
L v n n , M a s s ...................
M c K e e s p o r t, P a ..........
M a co n . G a .....................

C a sh on
h an d a t be­ P ro p e rty
g in n in g o f
ta x .
fiscal y e a r .

$1 9 3 ,6 9 3
5 9 3 ,4 4 5
6 6 6 ,1 9 4
1 1 4 ,7 6 4

121. 200

2 5 8 ,9 0 1
7 9 .1 5 9
106; 297
865, 503
8 2 ,8 4 2
1 1 6 ,2 2 3
30, 282
4, 0 9 1 ,5 9 4
88, 641
7 6 ,1 2 4
4 6 5 ,4 3 5
14 7 .8 8 1
81, 818
292, 060
1 8 1 ,9 9 9
7 7 ,2 9 5

6,886

4 4 ,3 4 2
2 ,7 8 3 ,1 5 0
692, C06
2 ,5 0 2 , 239
5 4 ,6 9 5
170,741
1 0 6 ,1 3 0
8 3 ,7 3 1
594, 982
226, 061
243, 336
1 ,5 3 0 , 041
6 0 ,0 5 5
215, 509
103 ,2 4 3
37, 759
6 0 ,1 7 4
198, 918
192, 338
1 9 5 ,1 7 2
132, 669
152, 846
70, 846
6 0 3 ,4 2 7
64,941
3 3 0 ,4 5 3
8 ,9 6 6
172, 895
1 4 6 ,6 9 0
159, 505
445, 603
806, 883
1 5 ,3 9 0
107, 0U3
90, 000
3 9 9 ,4 0 4
2, 628
134, 752
23, 322
50, 558
59, 351
7 ,3 3 5
2 7 4 ,8 6 0
2 0 2 ,1 9 9
3 ,0 8 8
3 4 ,0 7 4
46, 673
65, 857

L iq u o r
lic e n s e s .

$3 5 1 ,0 3 3
$ 2 2 ,2 5 4
1 ,0 3 9 ,2 6 1
162, 274
1 ,5 6 9 ,1 4 8
1 6 0 ,3 0 9
1 6 4 ,4 4 6
2 9 ,4 0 2
239, 632
3 7 ,9 3 0
7 5 i; 329
8 3 ,1 1 9
1 8 6 ,9 6 5
2 2 ,7 5 6
250, 795
1 7 ,9 5 0
6 ,1 3 0 ,5 9 5
4 1 0 ,1 6 0
2 5 2 ,1 6 3
38, 263
3 1 5 ,2 0 3
3 1 ,5 1 6
7 4 ,5 3 6
3 7 ,1 1 2
13, 759, 840 1 ,4 8 0 , 668
6 6 4 ,5 7 7
1 2 2 ,4 4 8
5 5 7 ,0 3 0
5 9 ,4 1 9
3 ,5 4 5 ,2 7 2
596, 308
3 7 2 ,6 4 0
3 6 ,7 0 2
1 ,4 9 6 . 040
4 3 9 ,8 2 4
9 2 ,2 5 3
2 5 7 ,3 5 4
2 0 ,2 0 8
4 4 2 ,1 7 3
157, 678
1 4 ,0 0 0
4 1 0 .8 8 6
1 3 ,8 1 4 ,2 0 4 3 ,1 2 4 ,0 3 1
4 ,1 0 6 ,3 6 0
4 2 4 ,7 9 0
3 ,2 4 4 , 279
4 0 3 ,9 8 5
1 ,3 3 7 ,9 0 5
6 7 ,7 3 4
385, 306
1 8 ,5 3 9
444, 237
9 ,6 0 0
338, 538
4 2 ,1 1 2
1, 010, 366
62, 395
1 ,7 7 1 , 657
201, 622
7 6 9 ,4 3 3
6 0 ,0 0 0
3 ,4 1 5 , 848
2 1 2 ,6 0 8
361, 598
40, 575
€684, 122
116, 000
482, 936
5 2 ,0 1 7
j 414, 202
3 7 ,4 7 2
3 7 9 ,1 9 1
54, 874
3 4 6 ,8 6 8
22, 522
£ 1 ,2 9 1 ,2 9 3
122, 276
287, 991
15, 800
214, 768
7 ,9 5 0
4 2 1 ,8 0 1
19, 575
2 9 5 ,6 3 7
5 6 ,4 1 4
6 2 8 ,7 4 3
37, 048
3 8 1 ,5 4 5
25, 080
9 2 3 ,8 5 1
8 7 ,9 5 9
483, 488
62, 228
9 1 ,2 5 0
647, 061
5 9 6 ,0 1 3
61, 298
3 7 4 ,1 4 0
3 2 ,0 5 0
1 3 9 ,4 9 1
7 0 6 ,0 1 8
259, 931
2 ,7 3 8 , 281
1 5 3,360
22, 230
186, 273
8 5 ,0 0 0
294, 678
1 0 3 ,2 6 9
1 ,2 0 1 ,0 8 4
141, 785
1 2 ,0 0 0
€ 3 3 1 ,1 0 9
30, 600
3 0 ,6 0 6
200, 719
134, 026
599, 976
3 0 8 ,2 2 8
4 1 ,0 0 0
68, 253
19, 800
1 1 8 ,1 5 0
1 ,0 8 6 , 974
2 ,0 3 3 ,7 9 5
1 3 3 ,9 2 6
€1,333,209 n 1 5 5 ,9 0 7
9 0 1 ,9 1 4
102, 394
2 2 4 .8 8 6
1 7 ,8 6 0
174 ,2 2 7
3 2 ,2 5 0

O th e r
lic e n s e s
a n d fees.

a

$ 1 ,5 9 3
7 ,7 9 9
4 7 ,3 7 9
8 ,5 8 7
4 ,0 7 3
112, 754
457
42, 974
165,171
1, 469
5, 328
5 7 ,8 0 8
76, 670
5 ,5 8 3
1 ,5 1 9
5 6 ,9 8 2
3 3 ,2 3 5

2 ,1 5 4
a 1 ,3 0 2
8 7 ,3 6 9
1 8 ,3 4 2
3, 362
887, 418
164, 313
111, 622
2, 571
6 ,7 3 5
13, 540
5 ,1 5 5
2, 634
64, 819
2 8 ,6 8 5
18, 575
3 ,9 6 1
4 ,3 2 5
4 ,1 0 2
l , 460
5, 226
1 1 ,9 4 5
9, 620
17, 242
6 ,6 4 6
• 4 ,1 9 0
2 ,2 0 8
1 0 ,3 1 1
7 ,9 1 0
4 ,8 2 2
3 ,4 0 5
3 ,9 0 2
1 2 ,1 4 9
6 7 ,2 2 5
2 8 ,5 5 5
1 4 ,8 3 9
4, 595
60, 083
1 1 7 ,2 9 5
38, 217
2, 827
1 ,7 8 6
1 ,6 0 0
3 ,8 0 9
( l)
7 2 ,2 4 2
1 2 6 ,3 4 4
4 ,5 0 5
2 ,0 3 1
2 9 ,6 7 6

F in e s .

F ra n ­
c h is e s .

(b)

$ 1 ,3 5 1
7 ,3 4 8
1 ,4 6 5
1 ,0 9 4
1 7 ,3 3 8
1 ,2 6 2
3 ,7 8 2
5 ,4 5 8
193
930
1 0 ,0 4 2

$ 9 ,0 8 2

8 ,3 3 3
354

(d)

1 4 ,1 2 3
7 ,7 2 5
1 4 ,0 0 5
1 4 ,4 3 3

4 5 ,2 9 5
1 ,0 0 0

2, 254

1 ,9 1 6

(e)

(b)

2, 868
4, 742
2, 288
97, 025
4 ,4 0 1
2 3 ,4 1 3
2 1 ,1 8 7
4 ,8 6 0
4 ,2 4 7
9 ,2 1 6
1 ,5 4 2
9 ,3 3 0
3 ,8 8 2
3 2 ,0 1 5
190
12, 568
1, 555
1 ,1 9 7
2, 338
1 ,3 9 3
9 ,1 3 3
630
2 ,4 0 7
2 ,6 2 5
3 ,3 8 2
5 ,5 5 0
1 ,9 1 2
9 ,3 4 0
4, 043
3, 500
4 ,0 9 5
3 ,3 8 6
4 ,2 2 0
3, 509
2, 264
606
60, 000
2 3 ,7 4 1
2 ,9 7 0
3 ,5 4 9
1 ,0 0 7
5, 213
461
m 2 1 ,172
8 ,2 3 8
2 ,8 9 7
10 ,8 8 3
8 ,9 7 8
4 ,0 2 4
4 ,4 2 6

407, 250
1 3 9 ,5 1 3
6 1 ,8 4 5
6 ,7 3 8
2 9 ,2 3 1
2, 900

3 ,8 5 0
2 1 ,9 1 5

, .....
18
3 ,0 3 7
2 ,2 5 0

8 ,3 6 0

1 7 ,3 6 5
1 ,9 3 3

1 2 ,6 5 7

500
2 ,5 0 1
184, 000

7 ,6 6 6

$5, 000
4 2 5 ,3 1 6
254, 636
5 8 ,2 9 1
6 5 ,2 7 1
1 2 9 ,5 2 0
7 0 ,0 5 2
52, 494
1 ,1 9 6 ,4 4 9
97, 051
6 ,4 7 7
3 ,1 7 6 ,2 5 8
7 ,2 5 6
7 7 ,6 1 8
1 ,2 8 8 ,9 2 5
4 ,2 3 5
a 412, 340
152, 795
3 3 ,2 4 8
934
1 0 7 ,0 6 3
4 ,1 2 8 ,4 9 2
1 ,9 9 5 , 016
1 ,3 2 3 , 535
173, 269
6 9 ,4 0 2
72, 729
1, 445
149, 250
13, 651
2 0 ,0 9 5
469, 601
371
8 1 ,0 6 4
879
10, 632
1 3 6 ,8 5 8
9 9 ,4 2 5
166, 323
5 9 ,9 1 7
56, 035
124, 896
8 6 ,2 4 8
1 1 3 ,1 8 3
1 0 8 ,4 8 4
2 6 5 ,4 0 7
1 0 7 ,0 3 2
135, 742
18, 791
2 2 ,2 1 4
1 ,1 8 2 ,6 6 1
416
1 6 ,2 9 2
1 ,8 1 5
4 3 3 ,3 6 2
8 ,5 9 3
41, 736
9 1 ,3 1 9
1 2 4 ,9 7 7
4 4 ,3 6 5
2 8 ,9 4 3
4 5 6 ,5 8 6
258, 585
1 89,352
45, 318
7 ,0 5 4

a I n c lu d in g r e c e ip ts from fin es.
b I n c lu d e d in r e c e i p t s fro m o th e r lic e n s e s a n d fe e s.
e I n c lu d in g $22 ,6 9 3 .3 1 r e c e iv e d froin S t a t e a n d c o u n ty f o r s n p p o r t o f s c h o o ls .
d R e c e ip ts fro m fines g o to c o u n ty .
e In clu d e d in r e c e ip ts fro m d o c k s , w h a r v e s , f e r r ie s , b r id g e s , m a r k e ts , c e m e te r ie s , e t c .

/ N o t in c lu d in g d a ta r e la tin g to s a n i ta r y d i s t r i c t o f C h ic a g o .
g rD ata a r c f o r 15 m o n th s, e x c e p t f o r s p e c ia l a s s e s s m e n ts , w h ic h a r e fo r 12 m o n th s .




-

STATISTICS OF CITIES,

681

T able XIII.—INCOME FIIOM ALL SOURCES.

Ordinary receipts.
O th er.

$10,658
340,230
93, 274
2 ,8 0 6
1 ,6 9 0
98 ,1 3 6
160, 733
419, 027
8, 839
27, 488
c 5 5 , 531
1 ,4 5 7 ,4 5 3
39, 698
6 ,1 9 1
9 ,1 0 2

100, 000
188,987
1 ,5 7 5
16 ,5 2 1
115, 317
7 3 ,024
565,750
172,460
290, 971
4 ,1 3 7
24, 571
1 ,2 7 0
1 7 ,332
19.217
2 6 ,096
1,5 6 2
624,059
2 ,8 6 9
43 ,4 0 6
66, 371
79, 959
5, 698
181,985
4 3 ,1 9 4
52, 441
22, 330
7 4 ,2 7 0
2 7 ,938
8 2 ,075
,
35 ,3 6 7
7, 618

2 012

10, 338
12, 260
6 71,709
703, 898
5, 788
10 ,3 4 6
107,943
4 8 ,4 8 5
2 4 ,076
4 ,1 5 3
33 ,3 8 4
2 ,7 8 0
92, 766
10, 990
22 ,4 3 5
2 9 ,0 7 5
3 35,114
1 3 ,7 2 6
0 9 2 ,2 1 8

T o ta l.

$ 5 84,231
2, 5 6 9 ,676
2 ,8 0 7 ,3 7 0
3 7 9 ,761
4 7 0 ,8 9 0
1 ,4 5 1 ,0 9 7
3 6 0 ,651
64 3 .3 5 8
9 ,1 9 2 ,7 1 7
3 8 3 ,7 6 9
593, 739
2 7 1 ,7 8 8
24, 0 4 2 ,483
942, 326
78 5 ,6 2 6

6,012,222

6 1 9 ,2 2 8
2, 0 9 0 ,198
1 ,1 7 2 ,2 4 3
495, 686
62 7 ,1 6 0
3 1 6 ,9 6 5
640, 965
25. 807,320
7', 6 9 8 ,859
7 ,9 6 1 ,8 8 9
1, 668, 236
709, 385
654, 653
497, 529
1, 840, 386
2 ,3 1 3 , 236
1 .1 3 0 ,8 4 3
6, 354, 662
469, 619
1 ,1 5 6 , 994
7 11,103
582, 699
64 4 .3 5 9
86 6 ,0 9 3
1, 8 3 6 ,4 2 7
6 2 9 ,1 9 3
442, 805
8 0 0 ,203
5 4 2 ,6 7 3
1 ,4 8 0 , 337
591, 884
1, 665, 559
676, 780
918, 608
9 5 4 ,1 7 6
592, 281
2, 0 7 3 ,845
5, 725,651
2 1 4 ,287
399, 769
516, 922
2 ,3 9 8 ,7 5 5
2 5 4 ,684
568, 649
3 5 2 ,9 1 2
949, 734
46 0 ,4 9 4
2 1 1 ,8 2 7
1 ,6 0 0 ,3 9 7
3 ,1 6 2 ,1 8 2
1 ,7 9 5 ,2 0 2
1 ,5 7 1 ,8 2 6
3 5 4 ,518
412, 708

Extraordinary receipts.
S p e cia l
a ss e ssm e n ts.

$ 8 4 ,4 3 7
167, 576
83, 483

Loans.

$ 4 0 ,0 0 0
536, 701
244, 234
3 0 0 ,6 1 9

8 ,0 7 2

100,000

7 4 0 ,1 8 2
2 1 ,1 2 3
4 0 ,2 0 2
2 ,0 0 1 ,1 8 7
151, 729

$1 6 6 ,4 6 7
3 3 ,4 5 9
6 ,2 5 2

5 ,6 8 5
2 6 ,0 5 9

2 2 ,4 3 8
1 6 ,5 4 2

O th e r.

1 ,2 6 9 , 000
69, 079
230, 493

6 ,4 7 7 , 630
6 7 7 ,0 0 0
2 ,3 1 1 ,0 4 5

2 ,9 9 9
2 ,0 8 0 ,1 4 3
1 7 ,1 5 6
8 ,6 2 8 , 338
721
1 1 ,2 1 9
6 2 7 ,0 1 4

1 ,2 7 1 ,9 0 0
3 0 8 ,9 0 0
75, 647

2 1 0 ,4 1 9

6 6 ,2 8 5
4, 933
2 ,9 8 8 ,1 9 7
4 3 8 ,7 0 3
569, 923
3 4 5 ,9 1 7
1 6 ,6 4 6

3 0 0 ,0 0 0
4 ,5 8 8 ,5 8 6
8 2 4 ,2 4 4
3 ,1 6 7 ,0 0 8
688, 207
8 3 ,3 0 0

5 1 ,0 0 0
1 ,3 9 6 , 571
1 0 ,1 2 6
15, 500
1 2 5 ,9 8 8

3 9 ,6 7 4
208
4 4 6,879
263 ,2 6 3
112 ,7 2 3
4 9 ,2 6 1
55, 417
42, 336

78, 564
6 0 3 ,0 0 0
29, 500
60, 000

102, 000

1, 006 ,4 7 4
2 8 6 ,1 2 2
5 ,8 1 8
9 0 ,3 1 8
2 8 3 ,1 4 0

h D a ta a r e fo r 13 m o n th s .
j In c lu d in g $138,531.77 S ta te

1 1 1,071
3 ,3 4 9 ,1 4 3
91, 517
247 ,0 3 5
1 7 ,1 5 6
1 5 ,8 4 6 ,1 5 0
21, 844
728, 421
4 ,9 3 9 , 246
1 5 1 ,7 2 9
1 .4 8 2 , 319
3 0 8 ,9 0 0
141 ,9 3 2

44, 317
955, 000
66, 455
2 9 ,0 0 0
9 3 ,4 6 3

44, 506

935, 846

1 9 0 ,4 0 9

3 5 5 ,9 3 3
8 ,9 7 3 ,3 5 4
1 ,2 7 3 ,0 7 3
3 ,7 5 2 ,4 3 1
1 ,1 6 0 ,1 1 2
99, 946
3 2 ,3 3 4
168, 238
603, 208
536, 754
323 ,2 6 3
214 ,0 1 1
9 3 ,5 7 8
1 ,0 1 0 ,4 1 7
108 ,7 9 1
2 9 ,0 0 0
168, 295
5 2 ,8 0 0
1 ,1 2 6 ,2 5 5

5 8 ,0 0 0
447, 810

11, 839

5 8 ,0 0 0
459, 649

6 0 ,3 7 5
101,'288

200, 000

8 ,8 6 7
1 4 0 ,4 3 1
1 1 ,4 1 3
12, 374
4, 895

$ 2 9 0 ,9 0 4
704 ,2 7 7
3 2 7 ,7 1 7
3 3 ,4 5 9
11, 937
3 2 6 ,6 7 8

102, 000

3 2 ,3 3 4

3 0 ,3 2 6
5 2 ,8 0 0

T o ta l.

1 9 8 ,2 5 6
2 7 5 ,1 8 0
9 1 ,8 0 1
5 7 1 ,8 4 7
320, 620
112, 530
1, 9 4 6 ,1 3 5

2 ,4 2 4 ,1 0 9

6 1 ,4 2 8

3 ,2 6 4

100, 000

483

109, 516
25, 710

9 ,9 5 2
103 ,0 5 7

478, 777
7 2 ,3 5 0

260, 678
103, 830
6 4 ,3 3 2
3 5 ,6 4 2
3 1 ,4 0 9
1 ,1 6 4

2 6 7 ,0 5 0
5 8 3 ,0 0 0
1 ,6 5 9 ,3 0 0
1 ,2 6 7 ,0 0 0
1 2 3 ,8 0 7
3 2 ,1 9 3

a n d c o u n ty t a x .

9 6 ,2 8 8
1 2 6 ,9 6 6
9 0 ,9 0 0

2 2 .0 1 9
3 4 ,7 4 5
5 ,4 5 7

lM o i’
50,886*
4 0 ,3 6 0

200,000

8 ,8 6 7
3 3 8 ,6 8 7
3 8 2 ,8 8 1
1 0 4 ,1 7 5
703, 708
411, 520
1 ,1 1 9 ,0 0 4
4, 656, 366
105, 818
1 55,010
2 8 3 ,1 4 0
1 0 9 ,5 1 6
4 8 ,2 1 2
3 4 ,7 4 5
4 9 4 ,1 8 6
175 ,4 0 7
5 4 3 ,1 2 9
6 8 6 ,8 3 0
1 ,7 7 4 ,5 1 8
1 ,3 0 2 ,6 4 2
1 5 5 ,2 1 6
7 3 ,7 1 7

r e c e ip ts fro m o th e r lic e n s e s an d fees.
S t a t e ’s p o rtio n .
o In c lu d in g $86,310.15 re c e iv e d from S ta te an d c o u n ty fo r s u p p o r t o f sc h o o ls .




$ 8 7 5 ,1 3 5
3 ,2 7 3 ,9 5 3
3 ,1 3 5 ,0 8 7
4 1 3 ,2 2 0
4 8 2 ,8 2 7
1 ,7 7 7 , 775
360 651
7 5 4 ,4 2 9
12, 541, 860
4 7 5 ,2 8 6
840, 774
288. 944
3 9 ,8 8 8 , 633
9 6 4 ,1 7 0
1 ,5 1 4 ,0 4 7
10, 951, 468
7 7 0 ,9 5 7
3 ,5 7 2 .5 1 7
1 ,4 8 1 .1 4 3
6 3 7 ,6 1 8
7 2 3 ,1 6 0
316, 965
990, 898
3 4 ,7 8 0 , 674
8 ,9 7 1 ,9 3 2
11, 714, 320
2 ,8 2 8 ,3 4 8
8 0 9 ,3 3 1
6 8 6 ,9 8 7
665, 767
2 ,4 4 3 , 594
2 ,8 4 9 ,9 9 0
1 ,4 5 4 ,1 0 6
6 ,5 6 8 ,6 7 3
5 6 3 ,1 9 7
2 ,1 6 7 ,4 1 1
8 1 9 ,8 9 4
611, 699
812, 654
918. 893
2 ,9 6 2 , 682
6 2 9 ,1 9 3
4 4 2 ,8 0 5
858, 203
1 ,0 0 2 ,3 2 2
1 ,6 8 0 , 337
600, 751
2 ,0 0 4 , 246
1 ,0 5 9 , 661
1, 022, 783
1 ,6 5 7 , 884
1, 003, 801
3 ,1 9 2 ,8 4 9
10, 382, 017
3 2 0 ,1 0 5
554, 779
8 0 0 ,0 6 2
2 ,3 9 8 , 755
3 6 4,200
6 1 6 ,8 6 1
3 8 7 ,6 5 7
1 ,4 4 3 ,9 2 0
635, 901
211, 827
2 ,1 4 3 ,5 2 6
3 ,8 4 9 ,0 1 2
3 ,5 6 9 ,7 2 0
2 ,8 7 4 ,4 6 8
50 9 ,7 3 4
4 8 6 ,4 2 5

i I n c lu d in g S ta te an d c o u n ty t a x .
& I n c lu d in g S t a t e , c o u n ty , a n d b a n k t a x .

i In c lu d e d in r e c e i p t s fro m fin e s.

m I n c lu d in g
n I n c lu d in g

M ar­
T o ta l in com e . g in a l
num ­
b e r.

1

2
3
4
5

6
7

8

9

10
1)
12

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20

21
22

23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65

66
67

68
69
70

182

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
T able XIII.—INCOME FROM ALL SOURCES—Concluded.

Ordinary receipts.
iarinal
um­
ber.
71
72
78
74
75
70
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100

101
102

103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Cities.

Cash on
Other
Fran­
hand at be­ Property Liquor licenses
licenses. and fees. Fines. chises.
ginning of tax.
fiscal year.

Malden, M a ss............ $50, 218
122,052
Manchester, N. H
Memphis, T e n n ........ 201, 876
M ilwaukee, W ia ----- 1, 678,055
Minneapolis, Minn .. G65,191
Mobile, A la ................
1, 690
N ashville, T en n ........
34,187
Newark, N. J .............. 225, 674
N ew Bedford, M ass.. 144, 252
89, 764
N ew Haven, C onn...
N ew Orleans, L a ----- 473,891
58,490
Newport, K y ..............
N ew York, N. Y ___ 30, 326,491
Norfolk, Y a.................
75, 541
Oakland, C a l..............
707
Omaha, N eb r.............. 521,905
Oshkosh, W is ............
15, 737
Paterson, N . J ............
54, 062
Paw tucket, R. I ........
1, 697
Peoria, 111....................
79, 514
Philadelphia, Pa . . . . 5, 580, 342
Pittsburg, P a ............ 2, 734, 300
Portland, Me. (d ) ___
1, 972
Portland, Oregon___ 197, 262
Providence, K. I ___
227, 557
93, 033
Pueblo, Colo................
Quincy, 111..................
50, 948
Reading, P a ................
31, 749
Richmond, Y a ............
1, 958
Rochester, N. Y ........ 463,139
19, 567
Rockford, 111..............
Sacramento, C al........ 305, 204
Saginaw, Mich, ie). . .
77, 085
St. Joseph, M o ..........
77, 321
St. Louis, M o.............. 3, 238, 537
St. Paul, M inn............ 600, 442
Salem, M ass................
14, 250
Salt Lake City, U tah .
33,109
San Antonio, Tex ...
if)
San Francisco, Cal .. 1,476,779
29, 524
Savannah, G a ............
Scranton, P a .............. 207, 023
Seattle, W a sh ............ 232, 490
Sioux City, Io w a ----81, 358
Somerville, M ass___
90, 434
South Bend, In d ........ 107, 811
Spokane, W ash.......... 316, 430
Springfield, 111..........
65, 432
Springfield, M ass___ 413, 916
66, 475
Springfield, M o..........
Springfield, Ohio . . . .
75, 988
Superior, W is ............ 176, 275
14, 5r4
Syracuse, N. Y ..........
55, 205
Tacoma, W a sh ..........
Taunton, M a ss..........
56,131
67, 887
Terre Haute, I n d ....
Toledo, O hio.............. 487,408
Topeka, K a n s............ 168, 842
63, 341
Trenton, N. J ..............
82,515
Troy, N . Y ..................
8, 283
Utica, N . Y ..................
2
W ashington, D. C .. .
58, 809
W aterbury, C on n ...
W heeling, W. Y a----39, 941
37, 392
W ilkesbarre, P a ___
70, 403
W illiamsport, P a ....
W ilm ington, D e l___
77, 838
W orcester, M a ss___ 652,317
Yonkers, N. Y ............
77, 075
Youngstown, Ohio .. 124,101

$1, 948 $6, 242
$416, 944
8,116 55, 844
633, 384 $6,350
67, 893 6, 738
27, 625 20, 361
3, 389, 648 329,994
2, 707,466 307,000 23, 558 52,687
59,892 4,483
$160
b 89, 575
8,508
91, 567 5, 562
601,898
8,610
2, 764, 267 327, 822 20, 945 8, 205 72, 690
3, 277 6, 982 11, 250
893, 978 56, 725
15, 570 6, 365
1, 367, 449 205,573
2, 048, 546 139, 700 179, 530 22, 908 7,113
501 10, 990
8, 460
180,991
9, 274
(c)
(c)
(e)
ic)
<c>
241
409, 858 41, 080 85, 555
54
747, 672 82,000
18, 893 4, 932
8, 526
922, 035 342, 000 34, 515 20,967
245, 936 21, 720
853 1,231
18, 008 2, 417 . 2,482
1,132, 797 137,770
541, 998 47, 254 11, 908 1, 098
802
536, 801
83, 750 10, 812 7,107
15, 676, 725 1,692,112 289, 904 38,197
4,214, 735 468,485 70, 704 32, 971
845, 432
1, 208 4, 577
392, 263 97, 616 29,958 2, 363
2, 857, 027 191, 310 53,196
7, 922 80, 399
348, 907 47, 961
512
3, 707 13, 918
835
280
123, 215 67, 747
450
418, 666 13, 804
2,078
717
994, 226 16, 250 40, 203 3, 408 11, 916
1,481 7,994
1,958,971 177,066 13,220
196, 910 38, 500
165
5, 436
420, 749 34, 703
14, 858 3,311
427, 214 57, 823
4, 021 3,179
479, 856 54, 050 25,132
9, 454
4, 923,391 957, 668 529, 097 140, 857 125, 442
1, 314, 483 286, 000 20,148 17, 517
488, 341
2, 270
349
583, 704 86, 309 51,593 14,238
if)
if)
if)
if)
5, 864, 555 253, 240 414, 748 32, 743 16,if)555
548, 614 48, 219
5, 575 4,815
646, 318 69, 943
5, 743 2, 631
616, 008 87, 300 17, 475 30, 594
242, 913
36, 535
3, 843 26, 598
46
863, 617
2, 269 3, 776
256, 829 10,117
301
1,287
344, 251 48, 940
9, 911 22, 844 1,500
205, 417
68, 442
8, 928 4, 980
40
1, 057, 331 76,137
6, 248 7,112
65, 282 19, 892
809
8, 883
290, 710 21, 778
1, 082 1, 792
613,472
52, 750
2,215
7,442
1,165, 687 136,551
6,405 5, 375
437, 413 38, 000 12, 064 8, 875
41
416, 514 44, 011
1, 957 2, 274
254, 222 41, 300
3, 735
97
1, 018, 514 75, 856 7il0, 000
(i)
266, 042
6,161
9, 355
601, 488 j 106, 406
2, 870
(k)
657,115 100, 324
4, 383 2,273
431,173
66, 475
343 7,720
3,193, 863 246, 300 123,426 46, 678
353, 603
798 3, 968
281, 846 37,152
6,034
7, 237
276, 823 70, 000
4, 093 1, 500 4,021
234,727
31, 664
412
962
527,275
521 4, 507
1,823,178 165, 559
8, 982 6, 478
706, 211 45, 574
1,638
1, 317
274,934
32,181 h 4,459
ii)
a 691, 071

a Including State and county tax.
b N ot including tax collected by State to pay bonded indebtedness of old city of Mobile.
c N ot reported on account of reorganization of city.
d N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6, 1899.
e D ata are for 16 months.
/ N ot reported.



STATISTICS OF CITIES.
Table XIII.—INCOME FROM ALL SOTTECES-Con eluded.
Extraordinary receipts.

Ordinary receipts.
Total.

Special
assessments.

Loans.

Other.

$250, 000
$33,967
$840, 578
360, 000
1, 032, 898
986,432
268, 624
5, 952, 355
$52,789
299, 635
4, 153, 058
24,609
169, 555
13,799
150,000
1,022,645
318,225 3,204, 000
4, 855, 762
201,708
1,342,715
817, 080
9, 079
13, 340
70, 658 1, 272, 000
1, 771, 785
4 528, 723
48,146
9, 560
33, 242
’ 332, 268
(c)
(c)
(c)
(c)
73, 390
834, 743
554
863, 061
3,805 1................
35. 000
332,631
1, 899, 062
300,761
16, 881
290 185
98, 025
60, 661 1, 366,452
1, 485, 627
631,357
308, 724
813, 097
29, 400
370,000
I
2,443
187, 718
723, 967
1,555, 250 I 2, 001, 847
14,173
28, 333, 272
1,023, 892 1,355, 371
8, 881,452
56, n o
330, 070
994,121
9, 064
1, 999
731,197
1,161, 590
90, 734
3,770
4,107, 413
123,045 1,024,570
563, 662
125, 427
62, 245
337, 885
81, 407
80, 601
625,350
100,124
26,155
422, 000
26, 537
1,453, 740
538, 281
3,142, 778
216, 789 2, 649, 078
108
15, 716
241, 900
346, 499
287, 942
894, 884
67,968
299,963
724, 653
2,522
661, 374
661,544
905, 776 1, 335,110
13, 394, 961
961,500
372, 049
2, 886, 827
210, 296
75, 000
390,
000
713, 585
29,978
852,708 1
5,811
(/)
</)
(/)1, 117
(f)
67, 432
8,138,
786
271, 001
30, 000
2, 371
955, 244
63, 796
93, 470
29, 252
950, 094
19, 202
174,769
1,141, 909
669, 000
8,307
129,865
451,219
1, 076, 000
1, 323, 107
’427,086
60, 392
121,811
176, 546
322, 560
8, 027
858, 420
45,118
77, 677
429, 746
23, 096
643,526
24, 974
1, 871, 389
52, 971
27, 000
217,109
315, 614
4, 000
455, 656
2, 779
31, 300
859, 073
356,500
655,
517
1,
703,
747
1,692, 940
7, 888
4, 980
701, 504
15,248
66, 894
338,500
639, 678
521, 667
162, 360
2, 223, 739
345,665
504, 857
91, 695
13,000
554, 355
1,071,783
96,021
632, 932
1, 003,066
66, 618
12, 000
559, 980
135, 274
42, 402
7, 225, 059
543, 376
19, 627
266,000
3, 200
580, 099
36,811
119,300
412, 846
10,109
33, 721
374,457
34,600
4, 367
60, 000
972, 336
3,150, 306
2, 280, 029
41, 728
188,999
983, 031
31, 412
315, 696
429, 087
32, 000
485, 636
3,131
142, 497

Total.
$283, 967
360, 000
268,624
352,424
24, 609
163, 799
3, 522, 225
1, 027, 867
1, 355, 998
90, 948
(c)
73,390
4,359
668,392
16, 881
1, 525,138
969, 481
560,161
3, 571, 270
2, 379, 263
395, 244
823,930
1,151,385
125, 427
143,652
206, 880
448, 537
3, 434,148
257, 724
355,910
302, 485
2, 902, 430
1,543, 845
465, 000
35, 819
if) 550
339,
96,167
122, 722
193, 971
807,172
1, 076, 000
182, 203
507,133
345,891
668, 500
79, 971
319, 614
34, 079
2,715, 764
28,116
405, 394
162, 360
345, 605
104, 695
650, 376
699, 550
147, 274
42, 402
288, 827
166,220
72, 688
60, 000
2, 510, 756
776, 195
177,628

nal
uu-

$1,124, 545
1, 392, 898
986, 432
6, 220, 979
4, 505, 482
194,164
1,186, 444
8, 377, 987
2, 370, 582
3,127, 783
4, 528, 723
423, 216
173,176,202
908,133
867, 420
2, 567, 454
307, 0C6
3, 010, 765
1, 782, 578
1, 284,128
31, 804, 542
11,260,715
1, 389, 365
1, 985, 520
5, 258, 798
G89, 089
481, 537
832, 230
1, 902, 277
6, 576, 926
604, 223
1, 250, 794
1,027,138
661, 374
16, 297, 391
4, 430, 672
1,178, 585
888, 527
<f)
8, 478, 336
1, 051, 411
1, 072, 816
1, 335, 880
1, 258, 391
2, 399,107
609, 289
1, 363, 553
575,637
2, 539, 889
297, 080
775, 270
893,152
4,408, 704
729,620
1,045, 072
684, 027
2, 569, 404
609,552
1, 722,159
1, 702, 616
707, 254
7,267, 461
832,203
580,099
579,066
447,145
1, 032, 336
5, 661, 062
1, 759, 226
663, 264

71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
109
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
338
139
140

g Including $126,899.94 received from State and county for support of schools.
h Including receipts from tines.
i Included in receipts from other licenses and fees.
j Including receipts from other licenses and fees.

A; Included in receipts from liquor licenses.




ar-

Total income.

er.

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
XIV—EXPENDITURES FOR CONSTRUCTION AND OTHER CAPITAL
.arnal
imer.

Cities.

1 Akron, Ohio................
2

Police
courts,
Hospitals,
Police city jails, Fire Health asylums,
depart­ 'work- depart­ depart­ almshouses, Schools.
ment. houses, ment. ment. and other
reforma­
charities.
tories, etc.
$ 2 , 200

Albany, N. Y ..............
A llegheny, P a ............
P a............
1,1, 658
435 Allentown,
Altoona, P a ................ $1, 914.
250
6 , Atlanta, G a ................
Auburn, N. Y ............
10, 000
78 Augusta,
..............
9 Baltimore,GMad............
15,592 $491,863 23, 488
800
10 Bay City, H ic h ..........
8,028
11 Binghamton, N. Y ...
12 Birmingham, Ala .. .
8, 540 51,610 ..............
$5, 000
13 Boston, M ass..............
Bridgeport, Conn----14
Brockton, M a ss........
15
5,223 5, 744
1G Buffalo, N. Y .............. 4, 000
Butte, M ont................
17
Cambridge, M ass----18
19 Camden, N. J .............. 770
20 Canton, O hio..............
21 Charleston, S. C..........
22 Chattanooga, T en n .. 66, 361
(c)
M ass-----A . 36, 000
23 Chelsea,
Chicago, III. (cl) ........ 31, 232 33, 467 89, 812
24
Ohio........
25 Cincinnati,
Cleveland, O hio........ 1,723 I 3, 000 18, 571
26
2,212 5,700
Columbus, O hio........
260 .........
27
5,000
Covington, X y ..........
28
Dallas, T e x ................
29
Davenport, Io w a ----30
Dayton, Ohio..............
50
31 Denver,
C olo.............. 1,674
9,1, 000
351 175
32
Des Moines, la. (e) ..
33
M ic h ............ 19,’059
32, 521
34 Detroit,
Dubuque, Iowa (g) ..
35
Duluth, M in n ............
36
Elizabeth, N. J ..........
37
9, 700
356
Elmira, N. Y ..............
38
Erie, P a ........................
39
1,
950
Evansville, P a .......... 1, 199
40
Fall River, M a ss----20, 888
41
Fort Wayne, In d ----22, 657 5,711
42
Fort Worth, T e x ....
43
Galveston, T ex ..........
2, 500
44
Gloucester, M ass----45
46
Grand Rapids, Mich.
Harrisburg, P a ..........
8,623
47
Hartford, Conn.......... 32, 490
48
Haverhill. M ass........
49
Hoboken, N. J ............
50
20, 000
Holyoke, M a ss..........
51
52
Houston, T e x ............
000
Indianapolis, ln d .. . 79, 224
16,4,3,588
783
53
Jersey City, N. J ----54
P a ..........
55
56 Johnstown,
721
Joliet, 111......................
57
10, 000
Kansas City, K an s..
Kansas City, M o___
58
59 La
Knoxville. T e n n ----60
Crosse, W is ..........
Lancaster, P a ............
61
Lawrence, M ass........
62
Lincoln, N eb r............
63
1,222
64
Little Rock, A r k ----65
Los Angeles, C al----5, 428
66 Louisville, K y ............
Lowell, M ass..............
67
68 Lynn, M a ss................
4,3, 606
69
McKeesport, P a ........
000
70
Macon, Ga....................
71
Malden, M a ss............
3,353
72 Manchester, N. H ___

923
$1,954 $316,
25,2,367
984

230,2,200
364

(a)
108,
394
20, 332
626,516
8,000
310
241,
731
36,
171, 549
343
35,154
19, 767
351
1, 431,
121,
485
145,399
94, 324
2, 500
22,
939
10,
776
64,
458
29,
738
133, 304
(a)

16. 651
738
32,
1,985

5, 029
’*500

20, 000

36, 888
76,5, 096
381
25,000
14,7,282
600
99,
500
16, 811
508
58,
75,
986
50, 965
000
75,
314,
337
31,
407
35,
644
18, 085
10, 525
*i, 760
6, 996
59,362
51,
302
53, 857
(0
40,723
10, 566

a Supported by State.
b Inclueling expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
c Included in expenditures for police department.

dN ot including data relating to sanitary district of Chicago.




685

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T able XIV—EXPENDITURES FOE CONSTRUCTION AND OTHER CAPITAL OUTLAY.
Parks
Streets.
and
gardens.

Sewers.

Docks,
wharves,
Electricferries,
W ater­ light
Gas bridges, Liquida­
tion of
works. works.
works. markets,
debt.
cemete­
ries, etc.

Total.

Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.

$119, 800 $217, 246
$75, 302 $19, 944
1
________________ ___________ 272, 470
259, 907
532, 377
2
331,
988
64,508 $119, 520 $27, 422 !..............
1,
111.
276
243, 297
3
1
28, 943
400
66, 351
2, 778
6, 588
4
1
8,791
27,429
12, 500
59, 871
5, 620
5
42. 685
$42, 219
177, 423
27,843
64, 676 ................ 1...............
6
I
12,
000
15,879
22,128
60,
007
7
i
70, 156
19, 564
2, 752 ................ 1...............
1, 000
46,840
8
606, 877
73,875
467, 296 2, 059, 990
$70,222 202,383
9
781
2,086
58,500
43, 404
105, 571
10
19, 432
37,170
191,752
8, 615
310,592
25, 263
11
16, 050
9. 498
25, 548
12
155, 594
j 1,880,717 3,092,761 10, 372. 711
541, 454 2, 091, 792 1,610,851
13
32, 682
24,
600
110,102
42, 620
14
|
20, 032
755, 548
802, 856
15, 585
11, 381
15
138, 683 242, 120
11 128,059 701,137 1,731,815
265,118
16
39,111
30, 392
203,
623
94,182
17
I
500, 000 1,174,895
25, 529 316, 438
6, 340
18
155, 245
90, 835
850
124,142
15, 980
12, 426
19
4, 051
60. 466
198, 863
1,645
34,000
66, 828
20
100,000
182,233
52, 233
21
10,000
1, 284
20, 384
12, 739
22
50, 000
351, 000
496, 252
16, 527
6, 348
23
17, 026
3, 421, 475 11, 505,036
206,112 2,124, 471 839, 550 2, 925, 406 252, 851
24
951, 353 1, 756, 342
93, 677 389, 802
183, 287
25
163,187 1, 505, 814 4,153, 901
26
496,827 610, 378 647, 036 525, 877
50, 724 844, 545 1, 276, 260
42, 348 150,191 30, 344
53,728
27
116,100
10,647
5, 480
148,
393
11,166
28
!
16, 482
8, 256
49, 797
22,559
29
749
48, 804
28,974
212,379
30
8, 388 102,525
547, 773
34,432
31
48, 332
642, 968
1,605
758, 296
70, 300
165, 800 255, 700
32
85, 053 153,800
/
6
2,
940
95,
261
31,567
524,
863
/240,
772
33
25, 786
20, 244 642, 033 1, 668, 908
34
92, 337 288, 732 177,114 202, 641 60, 923
119, 900
137,164
551
35
16,713
120,000
422,745
36
280,545
18, 000
63,
760
83,
382
17,990
932
37
30, 000
51,264
38
5, 360
6,548
75, 578
301, 498
11, 573
39
62, 017
28, 779
8, 903
13, 000
67, 547
49,472
8, 861
40
142, 029
966, 780 1, 255, 794
2,100
87, 530
41
38, 445
17, 000
4, 000
2, 500
94, 936
37, 985
42
22, 698
6, 799
15, 650
3,140
43
158, 000
195, 275
9, 775
44
340, 605
23, 620
454, 479
45
15. 254
75, 000
86. 500
15, 329
46
35, 581 57,758
217,497
4, 530
3, 199
88, 372
119, 923
4,658
1, 952
7, 036
1,700
47
27, 500
555, 745
49, 585
41, 866
63, 432
48
58, 245 183,127
330, 639
400, 914
53, 767
49
4,000
164,589
20, 866
15, 241
45, 671
50
621,121
106, 701
837,667
51
28, 830
60, 000
304,191
190. 191
52
3,141
20, 847 123, 550 1, 584, 700
286,340 707, 062 267,033
53
2, 019, 596 2, 604,335
132,142
58, 633
64,942
54
11,097
60, 270
500
8, 918
4, 076
55
15,369
43, 805
200, 219
11, 665
56
40, 429
18, 955
29, 000
64, 333
338, 918
2, 500
60, 000
57
180, 000
1,800
108,234
251, 871
86, 072
9, 830
58
40, 414
102, 350
105, 582
59
1,500
1,732
76, 417
88, 475
60
4,123
6, 873
1,062
116, 412
61
25, 000
61, 221
3, 224
16,442
519, 933
422, 893
62
4, 387
54, 972
17, 681
204, 922
63
3, 742 162, 673
15, 597
13,263
5, 597
4, 255
4, 255
64
644, 900
65
238,026
44,848 h 12, 619
33,410 298,066
808,233 1,176,741
66
66, 629 149, 852
74,854
17,811
1,423, 000 1, 646, 960
67
67, 669 104,989
314,743
176,198
68
18, 543
37,414
24,125
157, 929
212, 379
69
6,160
30,918
14, 372
22, 858
144, 898
70
122,040
155, 262
73, 850
71
7, 685
9,840
19,811
429. 675
527.199
72
51,117
34, 091
i, 750
eD ata are for 15 months, except for fire department, schools, library, and parks, which are for 12
months.
/In clu d in g paym ents on account of special assessm ents for work done during previous years.
^Data are for 13 months.
h For irrigation plant.
i Supported by State and county.

10493—So. 24-----5




BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
X IV .—E X PE N D IT U R E S FOR CONSTRUCTION AXI> OTHER C A P U A
L AY —Concluded.
a arinal
um>er.
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

Cities.

Police
courts,
Police city jails, Fire H ealth
depart­ work­ depart­ depart­
ment. houses, ment. ment.
reforma­
tories, etc.

Hospitals,
asylums,
almshouses, Schools.
and other
charities.

$29,887
$19, 932
Memphis, Tenn..........
$7, 528
Milwaukee, W is-----\
23, 738
5, 871
Minneapolis, Minn ..
Mobile, A la ................. J
Nashville, T en n ......... 1
(a)
’ 'b 167* 902
14, 968
Newark, N. J ..............
3, 083
N ew Bedford, M a ss.. $14, 303
12, 000
N ew Haven, C onn...
N ew Orleans, L a ----- ”’i*is8
Newport, K y ..............
N ew York, N. Y ........ ’" ( c ) "
(G)
(g)
(C)
(c)
3, 21o
Norfolk, V a ................
Oakland, C a l............... j
$19, 998
Omaha, N eb r............... j
Oshkosh, W is ............. j
Paterson, N. J .............|
Paw tucket, II. I .........:
3,617
119,187
Peoria, 111....................
18, 347
Philadelphia, P a ........ 58,149 I!
35, 345
Pittsburg, Pa.............. . . . . . . . j ’” 2,871
1,188
Portland, Me. (e) ----7, 291
Portland, O regon___
2-3, 805
Providence, It. 1 ........
Pueblo, Colo................
4.000
Quincy, 111....................
1.000
Reading, P a .................
1,350
Richmond, V a ............
1,000
Rochester, N. Y ..........
2,705
Rockford, 111..............
Sacramento, C al.........
1,354
Saginaw, Mich. (/) ..
St. Joseph, M o............
41, 952
St. Louis, M o.............. 1, 500
St. Paul, M in n ..........
400
Saiem, M ass................
Salt Lake City, U tah.
San Antonio, Tex ...
(g)
(g)
(g)
(ff)
134, 960
San Francisco, C al...
Savannah, G a ............ 6, 396
10, 049
6,682
594
Scranton, P a ..............
1,428
21
197
Seattle, W a s h ............
Sioux City, Io w a ___
1, 290
Somerville, M ass___
7, 350
South Bend, In d ........
Spokane, W ash..........
5, 000 2, 800
Springfield, 111.......... 5,009
14, 754
Springiield, M ass----Springfield, M o..........
Springfield, O h io ___
1,745
9, 366
Superior, W is ............
Syracuse, N. Y ..........
28, 045
Tacoma, W a sh ..........
1, 538
Taunton, M a ss..........
Terre Haute, In d ----Toledo, Ohio................
*56,000
Topeka, K a n s............
Trenton, N. J ..............
Troy, N. Y ..................
Utica, N. Y ..................
46, 353
W ashington, D. C ... 9, 882 23, 877 9, 373
Waterbury, Conn ...
W heeling, W ..V a___
3,128
Wilkesbarre, P a ........
4, 575
W illiam sport, P a .. _.
W ilm ington, H e l___
W orcester, M a ss___
10, 283
132, 425
Yonkers, N. Y ............
13, 612 I
Youngstown, Ohio ..

$145, 573
69,123
16, 546
344, 522
60, 835
62, 982

(G)

8, 254
25, 031
31, 588
8, 085
16,18.3
70, 358
329, 284
149, 541
11, 670
51. 499
184, 073
7, 583
13, 771
30, 277
57,943
23, 945
2, 954
454, 315
56,157
(g)
125,147
107,128
56, 479
40, 042
9, 138
46, 449
900
363, 289
9, 863
14,189
100, 000
54, 933
15,145
25, 784
196, 054
62,981
163, 6.74
21,069
38, 680
5,983
37, 059
8, 793
137, 341
14,700

a Included in expenditures for hospitals, asylums, almshouses, and other charities.

b Including expenditures for health department,
c N ot reported on account of reorganization of city.
d Including paym ents on special assessment-bonds and interest.

eN ot including city of Deermg, annexed to Portland February 6, 1899.
/D a ta are for 16 months.



STATISTICS OF CITIES.
I P E X D I T U E E S P O E C O j^ S T E T JC T IO N ' AOT> O T H E E C A
L A Y — C on clu d ed .

l
S e w e rs.

$125,000
112,267
87,032
16, 500
194,517
32' 007
48,467

W a te r­
w o rk s .

E le e tr ic G-as
lig b t
w o rk s .
w o rk s .

B ock s,
w h arv es,
fe rr ie s ,
b rid g e s ,
m a rk e ts ,
ce m e te ­
rie s , e t c .

L iq u id a ­
tio n o f
d e b t.

$19, 276
800 $502, 500 |
5,627
342,000
150,100
1,311
249,158
750.440
19,520
41,489 1,405,157
j 199, 045
694
(e) |
(e)
(c)
(c)
(c)
(«) 000
80,
46,138
1
l
36, 000
1..
571, 393
10,807
............ 1
108, 500
7,609
i
1, 470, 000
47,289
1,620 915, 826
18,885 ,
28, 248
187, 0O0
dS , 158
346.006 1________
250, 844 3, 387, 337
361,088
2,568,154
146,684
229, 256
323, 236
71,333
9,141
593, 495
2,131
468
55,122
169, 015 714, 746
56,993
201, 638
33, 077 178,4G9
7,326
41,875
1
6, 000
5,606
11,828
73, 375
27, 776
7,595
12,544 654,287
16,940
16, 649
I $5,983
2,729. 447
67, 873
47,889
8, 703 191,440
39, 905
5,638
512, 600
4,201
1.................... 236, 550
6,153
867
64,674
$5,000
4,006 1, 608, 000
50, 932 374, 546
1
1, 508, 469
12,085
77, 091
1..............
65, 450
19, 346
8, 775
48, 746
! 13,264
(9)
(9)
(9)
(9) ' (9) j iff)
151,019 288, 636
30,943
59, 022
4, 240
9,171
i..............
14,057
15, 012
1,083
17, 310
3,083
81,722
(i )
j1i
681,
874
7,311
5,175
2, 821
1
1,122,000
26, 970
105,163
82,
545
19,014
24,480
1
535,535
47, 072 102, 296 1
79, 832
55,395
1,200
17, 636
6,864 527, 948
46,818
25, 000
13, 810
246,268
12,304
17, 794
217,922
55, 441 1,724,100
117,618
279,616
23,280 , 20, 015 !
30, 627
425
23,503
365, 285
76,297
5 ,7< 3
20, 981
77,993
1
160, 930
29,369
.............. i
52, 528
12, 677
1, 262
156, 527
146,176
28,213
468, 210
9,927
1
f
25, 233
8,674
152, 308
214, 907 225,300
8,211
33,818
321,042
22,467
8,439
4,063
11,468
232 1,484
38, 637
12, 696 145, 900
50, 300
7,517
1
29,283
28,776 i
41, 525
284, 402 271,519 j
236,616 1,252,275
513,000
1
78, 943
36, 757 j 43,709 !
1
1
$40, 097
110,001
14, 975
215,125

!
................ j1
..............|1
1

r sew ers.
d itu re s f o r s t r e e t s .
c o n s tr u c tio n , g ra d in g , e t c ., o f e x i s t i n g s t r e e t s
a tio n ; n o n e w s t r e e t s op e n e d d u r i n g y e a r .




in c lu d e d in

a rnal

lin­
e r.

73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
88
99

100
101
102

103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,
T able XV__EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION.

Larinal
imer.

Cities.

T

H ospi­
Police
Libra­
tals,
courts,
ries,
asy­
city
art Parks
Police jails, iFire Health lums,
gal­ and Sowers.
alms­
depart­ work- depart- depart­ houses, Schools. leries,
gar­
ment. houses, ment. ment. and
mu­ dens.
reform­
seums,
other
atories,
etc.
chari­
etc.
ties.

$2,
$59,
$6,167 $164,027, $6, 082 $2, 324
Akron, Ohio............ $36, 381
9,
68, 460 277, 252! 1, 200 59, 157
Albany, N. Y .......... 167, 569 $12, 467 140,
20,
83, 313 334, 445s 21, 302 51, 989^$14, 000
A llegheny, P a........ 136,184 1,700 131,
81, 239!............
3,
9, 892
100 20,
A llentown, P a ........
86. 693!______ ............ 2, 490
1.
Altoona, P a ............. 24, 990 1, 200 19,
11,858 G, 097
47, 602 d 142, 958
A tlanta, G a ............. al41,973 (b) 110, c 126,
75, 000 2,000
6 000 2,
Auburn, N. Y ........ 15, 000
1,000
18,296 (/)
A ugusta, G a .......... 55, 919 4, 235 46,
6,
355, 581 1, 406,114 9, G93 250,93i 5,994
81,
Balt imore, M d........ 844, 576 355, 581 475,
84, 802 2. 500 960
Bay City, M ich----- 18, 442 ], 800 25,
3, 500 2, 700
25,
Binghamton, FT. Y . a 27, 686 (b)
4, 004 7,000 g 129,488 (h)
626
2, 973 2, 288 k 31,254
194
Birmingham, A la ... 33, 091 5, 798 39,
149, 890 1,283,944,2, 675, 971 246, 856 233, 8J 380, 761
Boston, M ass.......... 1,689,449 07, 312' ,170,
4 ,1151 65, 007 153, 248! 14, 7351 20, 6(
63,
9, 305
Bridgeport, C onn.. 59, 691
8,398! 27,146 122,958 8,290!..........
9, 274
47,
Brockton, M ass........ 45, 594
-------------- 1,043,629 92,192 319,2' 28,10"
•to,
vov ADD,
762, 9531 21, 422 526,
Buffalo, K. Y . . . .
2, 873
3, 536
136.358 11,146'
27,
Butte, M o n t........ a 54,805 (b)
80, 253 17, 497 103, 984 355,603 20,078
27, 300
Cambridge, Mass .. . all6,762 (b)
214,
402
43,
64,083
Camden, N. J ----3, 923
5, 990 8,817
200
91,361
10,491
2, 640
18, 223 1,000 18,
20 Canton, O h io ___
23, 642 55,161 ( / )
73, 350 4,503 47,
21 Charleston, S. C ..
3, 814
42, 857
32, , n 9, 586 (e)
218
22 Chattanooga, Tenn . a 34, 327 (b)
32, I 8,825 32, 293 113,937
3, 520
23 Chelsea,M ass .. . a 35, 967 (b )
365, 925
24 Chicago, 111. (o)-. 3,619,435, 225,365 1,554, > 174,404 12, 000 090, 514 257,000
41, 245 206, 458 913,847 40,078
34,
25 Cincinnati, Ohio___ 559,965 136,252 474,
32, 252
26 Cleveland, O h io ___ 385, 716; 190,06" 434,
41, 851 116, 343, 1,053,883 83,744
10, 866 30, 274 350,391 12,526:
6, 506
182,
27 Columbus, O hio----810 16,693 112,733 ............ 1
27,
28 Covington, K y ..
2, 230
33,
1,199 11,413 O>, vno . . . . . . . 6, l Ji
29 Dallas, T ex ..........
914
136, 293 ............ 5,717 3, 550
5, 806
25,
30 Davenport, Iowa .. .
66,
4,816 11,189 288,275 11,889
705 3, 813
31 D ayton, Ohio..........
40, 298 14,257 652,151 8,000 50, 552 10, 442
132,
32 Denver, C olo ..........
08,
33 Des Moines, la . (p)
3, 825 2, 900 246, 065 8, 250 8, 159 5, 203
43, 048 69, 004 857,708 50,966 50, 789 9, 696
517,
34 Detroit, M ich..........
87, 026 ............ 1, 082 5, 079
1,579
32,
35 Dubuque, Iowa ( q ) .
36 Duluth, Minn .. .
6, 985
83,
859 231, 304 6, 945 14,476
908
37 Elizabeth, FT. J ..
4, 951 16,710 97, 203 ............ s 21,067 2, 829
21,
38 Elmira, N. Y ----3, 845 15, 412 103,113............ 5,587
47,
643
39 Erie, P a ........
g 122,228! (h)
2, 996
46,
5, 466
736
4,416 1, 800 211,948s............ 1,700 2, 897
54,
40 Evansville, In d ..
103,
41 Fall River, Mass . . .
7, 792 107, 847 272,130! 11, 543 2,810
42 Fort W ayne, Ind .. .
93, 2331 6, 516 11, 000 3,054
44,
3, 091
1,310 4, 200 42, 222!
43 Fort Worth, T e x .. .
32,
60,
44 Galveston, Tex ..
3, 539 19, 729 47,868j 1,481
45 Gloucester, Mass ...
1,976 30, 813 84, 8911
32,
7,116 15, 509 278, 472| 9, 458 19,
46 Grand Rapids, Mich
114,
10,567
47 Harrisburg, P a........
13, I 3,895
250 126, 678'
(w)
48 Hartford. Conn........
6,164 99, i 9,536 96, 499 160,583! 10,500
3, 308
49 H averhill, M ass___
2, 523 34, 720 129, 292| 8, 241
1,426 42,
4,154
76,
50 Hoboken, H. J ..........
1.900 11,718 164, 549 20, 930
9, 089
(
y)
3,170 48, 676 173,042 3,000
59,
51 H olyoke, M a ss........
5, 665
(b)
52 Houston, T e x ..........
1,556 47,
15,859 1,800 109, 039
1, 508
53 Indianapolis, Ind ..
8, 864 34, 431 520, 052 42, 707 1,420 11, 4§4
5, 000 151,
54 Jersey C ity, H. J ...
9,014 22, 744 417, 300 25, 780 :, 543 24, 675
4, 812 219,
55 Johnstown. P a ........
995
64, 705
2, 407 8,
574
300
56 Joliet, 111....................
2,100
86, 696 3, 091
3,600 21,
264
57 Kansas City, K ans.
3, 500 40.
97,177
U)
3 aal6,894 199, >634, 999 cc 2, 850 436, 415 18, 203
58 Kansas City, Mo ...
(del)
59 Knoxville, Tenn ...
19, 1 1,065 9,552 54, 849
2 , 000
" (b)
a ll icluding expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
b h icluded in expenditures for police department.
c l i iclnding expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets and garbage removal,
d ir icluding $44,239.92 received from State.
c lr eluded in expenditures for health department.
/Supported by State and county.
a ir eluding expenditures for libraries, art galleries, museums, etc.
h Ir eluded in expenditures for schools.
i Ir eluding expenditures for care of streets, other.
^In eluded in expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets.
A; In eluding $22,693.31 received from State and county.
l Cl eaning done by chain gang.
m Including expenditures for garbage removal,
w in eluding expenditures for hospitals, asylums, almshouses, and other charities.
o N(. >t including data relating to sanitary "district of Chicago.
p Di Lta are for 15 months, except for police and fire departments, schools, library, and parks, which
12 months.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19




,

STATISTICS OF CITIES,

689

T able XV.—EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION.
Care of streets.

Docks,
wharves,
E
lec­
terries,
Clean­
tric- Gas bridges, Other.
Street Garbage Interest
on Water- light
ing
works. markets,
and Other. lighting. removal. debt. works. works.
ceme­
sprink­
teries,
ling.
etc.

Mar­
ginal
Total. num­
ber.

$76, 105 $451,0801
$28,830
$4, 740 $31, 727 $30,630
654, 629 2,152, 993!
149,492
067
30, 319 36, 239 85, 210
226, 1, 759, 296
$27, 584 238, 285 249, 469 $77, 879
40, 000 71,150
10,
219,122
574 14, 750 19, 572 1,700 I 31,860 25, 484
42,
282, 887
| 46,930 16, 349!
3, 000 22,414 15, 475
91,
12
1,009,454
41,472!
1
154,543
43,
885
77,
486
(e)
(e)
13,
220. 022
3,000 13, 000 25, 000 3, 850 42, 958 18,4421
341,
628, 375
4, 994 6, 919 23, 041 3, 0001 100,133
80,750 2,844, 9, 988, 744
216, 905 152, 862 399, 550 164,023!!1, 526, 466 818,519
35,
10,
675
255, 250
!
21,
*29
86,
818:
8, 255 7, 424
2,000 54,
371, 963
17, 8421j 28,814
41,500
i 27, 493 O’)
43,
242,
259
2,783
12, 561 17, 652 7,500 43,335
(i)
1, 009, 347 9, 327, 25,081,87'“
455, 228 767, 915 651,276 508,153 3,162,174, 1,300,876
5,
639
127,
733,158
24, 085 43, 213 51, 655 17, 733 72, 200
3, 297 182, 749! 671,167
14, 266 43, 515 27, 541 5, 465 92, 017 33,331
127, 066 3, 940, 638 8, 819, 661
193, 370 54,141 338, 993 169, 527 614,764 344,911
88 , 6191 433,839
41,481
9, 847 38, 090 20, 059
28, 012 872, 767;2,191,472
50, 915 128, 298 69,182 47, 070 135, 795 76,112
270, 278! 863,875
103,404 53, 005
ml4, 736 10, 851 71,070 (i)
300 50, 176 301,200
40,721;; 25,908
21,628
il5 , 869 0*)
107, 246 557,719
14, 438 28, 326 30, 000 11, 476 157, 863.1..............
75, 186 285,906
3,494 8, 477 10,757 4,216 64, 7881
110, 669 486,538
|
25,056
50,116j
4,
000
26,
766
23,
376
9, 348
313, 315 1, 402, 913 20,528,972
434,378 413, 902 G74, 416 473,136 1,368, 411 1,589,999 203, 608
56, 696 632, 385 6, 313. 850
189, 999 70, 869 326, 779!i 23,583 1, 814, 642 741, 979
124,244 238, 645 3, 904, 410
141, 403 23, 947 210,432................ 549,285 201, 556
3, 000 175, 156 1, 530, 284
94,
883
401,
682
27, 923 9, 093 52, 517 15, 800
432, 423
130 51,
4, 650 97, 676 24, 460
9,178 17,145 24,345
400,663
38,
102, 346 25, 328
12, 784 28, 315 22, 826
7,048 57,
339, 315
18, 253 14, 701 2G, 658 2, 400 13, 016
995,099
174,
15,
922
20, 362 4, 528 52,563 16, 314 211, 676 34, 521
9, 063 355. 1, 775, 608
64,193 71,769 91, 458 8,300 144, 057
700, 544
43,
793
117,
66, 906
6,000 18,750 55, 000
9, 491 198, 136 3, 360, 769
51, 000 217, 039;j 110,819 99, 713
122,994 441, 360
884 54, 680| 331,763
11,103 16, 962 24, 877 1,463 66,138!
$9, 675 3, 544 r961, 066.1, 651, 375
164, 535 | ii, 5i2
6,107 45, 683 49, 245
637, 561
256,
2, 592 21, 750 6, 000 134,400 1..............
(t )
507, 883
11,035 ?/191,
28, 845
1,997 31, 074 34, 363
409, 961
1,049 63,
40, 478 1 45,938
4,130 14, 369 33, 454
557, 994
2, 395 38,
5, 422 106, 847 I 30,163
8, 534 8, 080 32,987
63,172 v 332, 897:1, 601,247
6, 650 218,152'! 45,331
25,801 191,693 81,371
300 35, 538' 348,467
10. 543 10,169 32, 094 6, 697 38, 873i; 24,289
35, 099 294,297
100,120 39, 523 5, 624 1............
13, 888
(t)
2,718 28, 408 532,940
21, 694 187, 39711 21,358 29,416
4, 446 49, 539
2, 238 120, 6331 425,593
31, 438 9, 030
12, 000 61, 065 13, 241
24, 433 137, 409! 940,684
32, 534 37,198 40, 725 1,243 74,170 49,474
58, 8631 383, 085
50,870! 30,484
5, 600 x 27, 909 31,871
8, 830 142, 617 1, 135, 933
40, 351 134, 860 53, 035 22, 737 151, 079 59, 992
3,794 138, 010! 618,926
23, 001 44, 554 32, 976 2, 725 78, 636! 35,103
4, 755 a 249, 686 763,207
10, 046 11, 582 27, 262 4,400 68, 608, 7, 500
3,549 182, 184! 799,062
14, 820 17, 932 33, 774 20, 503 144, 764 36, 536
13, 368 226, 2331 607, 862
68, 322 17, 496 21, 031 39, 253!
19,319 191, 787 1, 561, 945
81,768 64, 778 102, 000 42, 517 83, 489 2, 346
4, 773 3,813, 979 6, 465, 768
m39, 696 78, 048 140,071 O') 1, 015, 225 248, 645
2, 047 24, 144j 164,085
14,691
8,000 5, 872 17,555
23, 024! 227,556
10,553
18, 517
3, 222
13,000 7, 977 14,016
2, 000 84, 867 381,144
60, 000
21, 600 O')
2 30, 000 O’)
841,1, 703, 499
ee
376,
(dd)
71, 512 19,109 223, 276i 130,286
(y )
32, 374! 253,282
3, 300 70, 818!
1,000 12,387 25,157
q Data are for 13 months, except for schools, which are for 12 months.
r Including State and county tax.
s Including expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets.
t Included in expenditures for parks and gardens.
u Including $138,531.77 State and county tax.
t> Including State, county, and bank tax.
w Included in expenditures for care of streets, other.
sc Including expenditures for sewers.
y Included in expenditures, “ Other.”
z Including expenditures for care of streets, other; garbage removal, and sewers.
a u N o t including expenditures for police courts, iucluded in “ Other.”
bb Including expenditures for hospitals.
ce N ot including expenditures for hospitals, included in expenditures for health department.
d d Paid for by owners of abutting property.
ee Including expenditures for police courts and cleaning and sprinkling streets.



,

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

8
i)
10

11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27

28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59

690

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

T able X T .—E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR M A IN T E N A N C E A N D O PE R A T IO N -C ontinued.

Mar­
ginal
num­
ber.

60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117

Cities.

H ospi­
Police
Libra­
tals,
courts,
ries,
a sy ­
city
s,
art Parks
Police j ails, Fire H ealth lum
gal­ and Sewers.
alm
s­
depart­ work- depart­ depart­ houses, Schools. leries,
gar­
ment. houses, ment. ment. and
mu­ dens.
reform­
other
seums,
atories,
chari­
etc.
etc.
ties.

$87, 340 $1, 500 $898
La Crosse, W is.......... o$19, 926 (&) $38, 716 $939
12, 017 1,569 $1,068 102, 307
14,165
46,566 28, 728 58,281 167,148 13, 091 6,469
Lawrence, M ass......... a 51, 749 (6)
250 99, 443 3, 559 100
Lincoln, N eb r............ 16, 457 $600 22, 581 1,784
Little Roek, A rk ----- 27, 721 1,469 40, 520 5, 009 6, 078 73, 467
Los Angeles, C al___ 114, 779 8, 201 100, 200 12, 218 4, 914 | 420,207 17, 636 16, 705
53, 351
232, 471 140, 552 223, 470 7, 493 62, 030 494, 850
Lowell, M ass.............. al22,638 (6) 119, 370 20, 327 108, 880 336, 089 15, 065
90, 221 8,679 16,104 236, 977 8,500 5,823
Lynn, M a s s ................ a 81, 978 (5)
McKeesport, P a ........ 25, 728 1,000 23, 657 2,026
82, 784
39,169 2, 760 45, 028 hi 8,996 8, 944 i 86, 310
30, 012 15, 925 10, 390 152, 971 13, 806 1, 811
Malden, M a ss............ a 29, 931 (b)
M anchester, N. H ... 39,370 6, 618 67,298 4, 566 19, 527 105, 480 5, 065 6, 514
71, 358 57,147 26,325 58, 000 £5, 000 <*)
Memphis, T e im ......... a 69, 336 (b)
656, 391 59, 480 99, 821
: 330, 049 31, 421 399,631 30, 892
Minneapolis, M in n .. 214, 028 15, 499 304, 032 38,109 85,244 574, 846 52,110 108, 434
33,535 2,717 38, 457 4 292 7,522 (n)
1,592
N ashville, T enn........ 87,148 4, 800 87, 407 3, 320 23, 436 163, 451 2,481
280
724,
563
Newark, N. J .............. 372, 068 10, COO 251, 215 50,117 142, 481
36, 650 4, 881
78, 461 19, 608 80, 870 214, 320 17, 780 20, 621
N ew Bedford, Mass . 120, 242
N ew Haven, Conn... 196, 589 11, 050 135, 253 13, 994 85, 423 378, 720 14,000 22, 064
N ew Orleans, L a ___ 226, 113 60, 883 297, 480 38, 803 43, 993 430, 063 6,417 6, 539
Newport, K y .............. 16,427 4, 921 11,135
720 4, 422 45, 880 350
190
N ew York, N. Y ........ (r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
50, 705
33, 251 3,660 12, 930 45, 050 2,250 6,274
Oakland, C a l.............. 78, 508 8, 551 85,331 9,026 1, 800 289,021 18, 428 11,178
Omaha, N ehr.............. 93, 963 12, 029 114, 080 7, 606
779 381, 430 13, 323 10, 653
Oshkosh, W is ............ 11, 228 1, 067 20,868
200 8, 394 65, 816 2, 226 1,047
Paterson, N . J ............ 115, 027 (t) 110, 800 5,000 54, 228 230,187 14, 589 26, 020
Paw tucket, R. I ____ 46, 724
297
43 38, 304
18,907 128, 203 7,095
Peoria, 111_____ . . . . . 53, 622 15, 071 fi9. 423 1 5. 72f»
172, 940 11,118 11, 747
Philadelphia, P a ----- 2,716,920 515,719 1,004,169 247,164 655, 369 3, 457, 755 194, 500 554,828
Pittsburg, P a ............ 463, 574 12,500 410, 771; 75,879 155, 763 1, 087, 345 90,000 127, 626
Portland, Me. (it)----- 44,162 3, 080 • GO, 130 3,484 33, 910 100, 434 6, 600 4, 276
Portland, Oregon___ 76, 857 5, 991 98,303 2,835 1, 453 230, 852 1,000 9, 696
Providence, R. I ........ 351, 624 4, 375 351,738 19, 068 34, 224 579, 343 10,000 43, 572
Pueblo, Colo................ 23,027 1, 065 28,610 12, 798
87, 061 3.000 5,973
Quincy, 111.................. 18, 408 8, 526 26,459 3, 293 1, 029 69, 229 3, 000 5, 000
Reading, P a ................ a 36, 700 (6)
32,524 3,176
169, 094
11,987
Richmond, Y a ............ 97, 925 7,369 84, 287 4,996 37,127 120. 170 5,000 7, 055
Rochester, N. Y ........ al59,523 (b) 221,128 8, 742 95, 426 496, 640 2, 395 33, 760
Rockford, 111........ ..
13, 612 1,480 22, 734 1,828 1,100 88, 673 4, 372 600
Sacramento, C al........ 26,765 5,100 34,356 6, 373 8, 540 126, 906 10, 438 1, 311
Saginaw, M ich. (v ) .. 38, 493 1,067 36, 810 1,120 24,688 173, 356 2, 000 674
St. Joseph, M o ........... w 54, 278 x7, 358 48,903 7, 537 1, 290 127, 252 8, 210 5, 500
St. Louis, M o............. 951, 330 199, 407 742,323 98, 515 591, 526 1, 281,047 55, 478 138, 023
St. Paul, M inn............ 169,604 35, 4S9 179,841 9,578 22, 490 429, 555 16,179 44,845
Salem, M a ss.......... .. a 38, 646 (b)
30, 545 o 20,500 40, 904 118,199 10, 296 6,144
Salt Lake City, Utah . 34, 839 4, 968 31,392[ 5,372 1,121 223, 077 5,176 4,395
San Antonio, Tex ... (z)
(z)
(z)
(2)
(z)
(z)
(2>
San Francisco, C a l.. 817, 309 229,tf)349 739,671
114,073 186,115 1, 238, 967 43,221 229,695
Savannah, G a ____
85, 531 2,143 74,363 14,579 17, 827 i 126, 900
12, 959
Scranton, P a ............... 52, 695
355 38,668! 7, 575 81, 670 243, 276 8,187 5, 449
Seattle, W a sh ............ ua59,648 66 2, 590 77,144 ! 7,602
250 208, 936 8, 354 3,915
Sioux City, Iow a___ 15, 725 3,609 20,501 ! 2,574
96, 968 1,429
354
Somerville, M a ss----- a 54,715 (b>
57,389, 25,021 40, 465 281, 299 10,144 7,689
South Bend, I n d ___ : 19,888
29,5801 440
66,191 2, 739 1,340
Spokane, W a s h ........ 27,750 3,17 i 61, 528J 8, 634 1,800 71, 046 2, 352 9, 377
a Including expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
6 Included in expenditures for police department.
c Including State and county tax.
d For garbage removal from city stables, etc.
e Cleaning done by chain gang.
/F o r irrigation plant.
g Including State and county tax and State’s portion of liquor licenses.
h Including expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets and garbage rem oval.
i Paid by State and county.
y Included in expenditures for health department.
k Contributed to support of private library.
1 Included in expenditures for care of streets, other,
m Including expenditures for parks and gardens.
n Supported by State and com ity.
o Including expenditures for garbage removal.




$819
3, 953
3,529
1,884
3,542
16,432
15,898
11, 079
1, 000
3, 070
32,697
4,940
4, 300
92, 050
23, 623
280
62, 943
32, 710
7, 990
1,792
(r )
11, 668
4,828
10, 762
9,156
8, 484
5, 439
65, 448
20, 372
9, 320
2,990
66,136
1,506
995
48, 719
3,519
5, 229
2,452
17, 586
13, 487
(Z)
79. 337
1,231
3, 910
3, 930
(z)
106, 369
23, 492
3, 650
6, 901
5, 269
7, 755
3, 244

STATISTICS OF CITIES,

691

Table XV.—EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION—Continued.
Care of streets.

Docks,
wharves,
Elecferries,
Mar­
Interest
Clean­
Street Garbage on W ater­ tric- Gas bridges, Other. Total. ginal
ing
num­
liglit works.'maikets,
and Other. lighting. removal. debt. works. works.
ber.
ceme­
I
sprink­
teries,
lin g .
1
etc.
1
60
$6, 682 C$132, 503 $368,434
■ $25, 783 $18,Oil
$4,507 $11,152! $19, 658
24, 394 233, 151 61
20, 466 20, 828
1,091 10,102) 25,144
30,108 180, 334 851, 799 62
21, 800 47, 477| 31,500 $8,400 100, 258 55, 937
d 276 102, 343 32, 209
.2, 707] 20, 666 340, 826 63
4,160 10, 538 19, 624
5, 925
8, 74T.
17,043 194, 431 64
6, 574'................
(e)
65
9, 8i8! 171, 699 !1,128, 949
70,142 29, 248) 50,401) 18, 337 66, 023 /1 4 , 849
13,970 587, 679 2,492, 747 66
43, 899 76,828i 120,885 32, 771 265, 863 120, 203
28, 770 g 337, 882 1, 690,411
67
24, 734 135, 4761 87,968 14,700 119,145 197, 469
1, 615, 334 2, 498, 273 68
19, 581 64, 788s 64,795 32, 562 190,899 50,953
3, 696 27,128! 233, 930 69
5,124 6, 665i 17,209
997 19,230 17, 686
46, 683,
2, 971 31, 517 341, 527 70
41, 279) 14,800
(j)
2, 953 50, 780 121,674
8,199 43, 436 28, 721 (?)
1,338 416,178 960, 822 71
16, 005 34, 560 54, 872 15, 163 86, 053 61, 550
12, 486 c210, 4251 750, 492 72
21,350 90,145] 583, 787 73
8. 447 m 24, 753 33, 945 13, 400 100, 281
46,718 798, 096!)3, 396, 639 74
38, 683 207, 967 189,152 61,358 243, 270 131, 6(50
865 331,168 146, 324
19,092 597,189 2, 903, 328 75
177,156 45, 610 169, 999
14, 257 49, 875; 191. 9o6 70
(e) 0 22, 518 17,151 0)
2, 400 167,694 06,139
4, 975 73, 016 868, 948 77
31,165 106,-309 44, 617
27, 531 3, 466, 593 6, 663, 797 78
114,343 7,384 205, 457 61, 000 320, 319 805,652
35, 8071 59, 922 1,102,078
79
15,000 83, 877 49,199 15, 000 155, 498 123,163
, 050 320, 925 1, 580,120
69,875 48, 994 80, 993 4, 949i 161,251
80
52, 662 1,136, 834 3, 676, 818 81
108, 044 183, 079 p 207, 596 q 264, 518) 613,194
72, 217 337,884
82
2, 495 5, 830; 14,7.16 3, 975; 114, 917 37, 897
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
(r)
83
(r )
(r) | (r)
(r)
(r)
O')
8, 684 160,870 622,781
17,
316 15, 559 19, 824 4,500 197, 393 32, 847
81
2,196 78, 889 765, 346 85
29, 628
53, 838 27,044 67,080
6‘992 293, 478
549 246,196 1, 322, 896 86
31,173 48,146 57,737
3, 402
1, 500 15, 072 17,520
250; 17,515
385| 166, 490 87
66, 784 10, 678 73,116; 22, 917 179, 374)
a 538, 018 1, 455, 894
88
6, 964 .152, 360) 719, 251 89
15, 931 28, 449 28, 722 4, 000 194, 289) 40, 479
12, 268 21, 498 41, 305 * 5 550. 23, 961!
9, 147 71,932) 515,744 90
583, 574 394, 488 1,102, 304 346, 813 2, 340, 4211 1.155,206
157, 264 4, 630, 062 20,122,034 91
276,295! 748,131
“
192, 643 269, 776 261, 391 77,1541 785,891!j 345,271
5, 400, 382 92
32, 934s 343, 785 883,854
93
13, 000 38, 319 43, 059 4, 059i 142, 7021
6, 833) 79, 316! 979, 729 94
48, 258 15, 797 76, 493! 6,152! 284,144! 32, 759
56, 161 153, 967 290, 300) 24, 632| 763. 898) 84, 124
20,845) 769, 395 3, 623, 402 95
5, 852 13, 802 19,1011................ ! 71, 599 24, 207
5, 692) 51,532: 354, 825 96
5, 833 16, 601 19, 292!
900; 56, 2i5!
2, 484' 20, 545) 257, 839 97
6, 403 27, 865 31,481
3, 055 56, 281 53, 892
992) 26, 634 508, 803 98
38, 665 37, 099 30, 891 6, 715 386, 954 30,132 ............ 115,979 18,585' 108,489 1,140, 957 99
15, 578) 581, 587 2, 639, 450 100
247, 707 14, 5.1ll 225, 973! 31, 000 396, 816 103, 435]
945 22, 387 25, 30 4!
6,189 46, 340 19, 465)
1, 057 20, 843, 279, 441 101
28, 003 13, 650] 24, 649)
8, 837 43, 7441 508, 861 102
577 130, 085 21,941
13, 901 42,155) 570, 853 103
240, 81, 694 31,658
5,102 70, 036i 34, 372)1
1 81, 210
100, 978 504, 384 104
6, 534 y 34, 796
20, 538 I69, 099 1, 904, 888 9, 030, 301 305
385, 048 601, 234 410, 3G6 151, 192 840, 403) 531,085
41, 382 123, 629 111,144 12,001' 555, 083 60,166
14, 771 329, 289 2,156,277 106
56, 732 31, 986,
10, 534 47,798 41,003 (?)
614,416:1,071, 613 107
7,186 188, 357 725, 770 108
22,809 3,094 34, 681 11,458 127, 400 16, 515!
109
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z)
(z) I <z)
1, 090 1,747, 267 6,158, 428 110
136, 529 181,790 297, 423 2,970 86, 590
52, 956 112, 526 28, 379 24, 487 163. 887 43, 736 .
23, 697 75, 452 882,914 111
48, 013
23, 289 21,593 47, 645
3, 748 82, 210 068, 023 112
922 215, 085 51, 233 .
2,310 105, 598 789, 929 113
9, 016 11, 627 18, 798
3,181 98, 844 25, 728 (t)
6, 893 cc 24, 511 335, 638 114
3, 963 13, 684 12,405
16, 993 68, 761 43, 897 17, 766 45, 968 61, 901 .
253, 937 993, 700 135
20, 034 23, 978 .
1,563 15, 560 368, 897 316
3, 374 167,551 16, 659
143, 622 11,643 .
3, 261 59, 642 432, 548 117
6, 0321 9, 8291 9, 617
p Including expenditures for 1897.
(/Including expenditures for 1896 and 1897.
r Not reported on account of reorganization of city.
s For removal of dead animals only.
t Included in expenditures, “ Other.”
u Not including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6, 1899.
v Data are for 16 months.
zc? Including expenditures for police courts.
a; Expenditures for police courts included in expenditures for police department.
y Including expenditures for sewers.
z N ot reported.
aa Including expenditures for city jail.
65 Expenditures for city jail included in expenditures for police department.
cc Including expenditures for electric-light works.




692

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

T able X Y .-E X P E N D IT U R E S FOR M A IN T E N A N C E A N D O PERATIO N—Concluded.

Mar­
ginal
n am­
ber.

Cities.

118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
110

Springfield, 111----Springfield, M ass..
Springfield, M o----Springfield, O hio..
Superior, W is ........
Syracuse, N. Y . . . .
Tacoma, W a sh ----Taunton, M a ss----Terre Haute, I n d ..
Toledo, O h io ..........
Topeka, Ivan s........
Trenton, N. J ..........
Troy, N. Y ..............
Utica, N. Y ..............
W ashington, D. C .
W aterbury, Conn .
W heeling, W . Y a ..
Wilkesbarre, Pa—
W illiamsport, P a ..
W ilmington, D e l..
W orcester, Mass ..
Yonkers, N. Y ........
Youngstown, Ohio

H ospi­
Police
tals,
L ibra­
courts,
asy­
ries,
city
lums,
art. Parks
Police jail's, Fire Health alms­
gal­ and Sewers.
depart­ work- depart- depart­ houses, Schools. leries,
gar­
ment. liouses,| ment. ment. and
m
u­ dens.
reform- j
other
seums,
atories,
chari­
etc.
etc.
ties.
I
$26, 245 $3, 255,:$38, 445! $1,174 $4,782 $124,
$3,114 $2,359 $4, 600
61,221 8, 820: 90, 261| 7; 755 61,302, 304,
26, 668 28,431 9, 495
8,993 1, 593 i 12, 703'.
............ I 44,
194
25, 782 2, 900, 24,606 1,420 13,554 106,
5, 956
4
131
b 20, 693 (c) 1! 25,768 3, 887 ............ ! 93,
3, 000 175 1,908
6 90, 598 («) 152, 517, 23, 424 96, 203 399,
17, 340 20, 726 (d )
120,
29, 729 1,004 ! 41,198 2,113
3,175 4,156 4, 546
38,136
j 26,748, 3,138 32, 978. 105,
7, 396! 982 4, 983
28,796 2 , 000 42, 941 i 3,118 1, 832 132,
5, 482: 2, 057 20,000
366. 467 15,050! 13,640 6,112
103,151 18, 401 145, 880, 12, 722
616, 860 (c) 26,178, 3, 815
100, 629 3,827
1 0 ..............
672, 779 ( c ) 68, 8381 4, 500 16, 321 228, 169____ 13, 9771 4,316
97, 525 4, 997 56, 0371 7, 207 15, 375 159, 353 ___
2, 428'! 3,264
43, 854 13, 600
145, 9131 8, 577 2, 962 5, 887
628, 591
1, 066, 186! 6,024 22,050 71,748
627, 395 190, 028 232, 264! 44, 054
118, 979. j 1, 000 694 5, 207
36, 528 4, 881 30, 8071 2, 240
98, 8271 6,601
26,631 6, 843 30, 420 2, 979
1,098
500 28, 329 2, 289
129, 128|___
150
31,327
1,000
10, 260 id) 20, 660 1,330 27,096 74, 459!___
150, 056)___
25, 909 8, 242
35, 080 7,130
82, 300
155, 305 17,119 126, 618 523, 173 34,928 24, 607 79, 243
136, 437
22,9931 9, 917
22S 186, 687 2,000
57, 877
30, 358: 6,811
4,155
6 38, 584
135, 671 2,634 2, 970 is)
(c)

a For removal of dead animals only.
&Including expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
c Included in expenditures for police department.
d Included in expenditures, “ Other.”
e Including expenditures for sewers.
/In clu d in g expenditures for care of streets, other.
g Included in e x p e n d itu re s for cleaning and sprinkling streets.




693

STATISTICS OF CITIES.

T able XW —EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION—Concluded.
Care of streets.

Docks.
wharves,
E
lec­
ferries,
CleanStreet Garbage Interest W ater­ tric- Gas bridges, Other.
light works, markets,
and Other. lighting. removal. debt. works. works.
cem e­
sprink­
teries,
lingetc.
$11,923 $39, 593!
45, 749 76, 816!
8, 796j
2, 453 18, 888!
2, 000 19, 7361
53.471 37, 671
/ 21, 362 (9)
5, 8(30 39, 369,
43,279 34. 741
38, 093 32, 608
4, 800 8, 023
f 23, 302 (9)
Al05, 805
18, 557j 7,183
161,742 i 226, 726
8, 000 8,108
7, 298 4, 791
50 23, 720
3, 763 14, 441
9. 035 26, 752
47,633 249, 408
k 68, 236 (9)
/16, 249 (9)

$25, 487
55, 823
32, 053
32, 261
12,000
92, 929
8, 260
25, 954
71, 252
30,377
60,242
57, 296
209, 933
21,184
30, 230
16, 604
43, 704
101, 008
67,501
22, 737

$931
11, 791!
a 300
1, 413
41, 133
1,453 ,
10,176
12, 000
9, 247
(9)
6, 902
50,365
5, 096
5, 993

$50, 558
129, 621
8,011
58, 815
82, 3011
282. 4021
204,073
62,705
15, 203
282, 032
33, 361
125, 616
47, 489
8, 685
620, 792
72,412
29,143
31,335
39, 561
24, 516 84, 440
14, 827 336, 293
141, 499
(9)
22, 265

$18,739
40,445
66, 933,
36, 233 539, 088
22, 328 25, 825
131, 022 .
37, 057
37, 406 .
70,017'
381, 374>___
11, 844;___
89, 978| 21, 906 68, 657
48, 454;.
40, 634 .
145, 312L
17, 787!.

Mar­
ginal
Total. num­
ber.

$6, 080 $26, 090; $387. 5411
3,118 272, 908 1, 234, 2441
362! 43, 145: 141, 0121
7, 597 17, 363' 338. 559
3, 307 200, 778 469. 518
c 202, 927 1,577, 380
2, 500; 45, 343 560, 739
3, 002 141, 875' 530, 292
37, 618 30, 699 436, 481'
36, 486; 145, 112 1, 467, 0851
391 132, 9331 342, 024;
545, 796 1, 180, 644!
208, 198 837, 937:
8, 397 83, 558 439, 962'
32, 992 2, 112, 222 6,171, 708’
33, 337 360, 3J7j
4, 510 27, 240 428, 915 i
62, 235 339, 293;
666 b 48, 204 257, 978
220, S8f 766, 599!
1, 556 388, 871 2, 277, 6581
357, 734 1,062, 773!
iff)
48, 901 349, 1221

118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
138
137
138
139
140

h Including expenditures for garbage removal.
i Including expenditures for construction, grading, etc., of existing streets; no new streets
opened- during year.
j Contributed to supx>ort of private library.
fc Including expenditures for care of streets, other; garbage removal, sewers, and docks, wharves,
ferries, bridges, markets, cemeteries, etc.




694

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
T abus X V I— SUM M ARY OF INCOME A N D E X P E N D IT U R E , A N D ASSETS.
Income.
Cities.

Ordinary Extraor
dinary
receipts. receipts.

Expenditure.
Cash on
For con­
hand
main­
struction For
at
end of A ssets.
tenance Total. fiscal
Total. and other and
oper­
capital ation.
year.
outlay.

Akron, O hio.............. *584,231 $290,904 $875,135 $217, 246 $451,080 $668, 326' $206. 809! («)
Albany.. X. Y ............ 2, 569, 676 704, 277 3, 273, 953 532, 377 2,152, 993 2, 685, 370! 588, 583 $6, 852, 750
A llegheny, P a .......... 2, 807,370 327, 717 3,135, 087 1, 111, 276 1, 759, 296 2,870,572 264,515! (a)
A llentow n, P a .......... 379,762
33, 459 413,220 66, 351 219,122 285,473 127, 747] 1,385,737
Altoona, P a................ 470,890
11,937 482, 827 59,871 282, 887 342,758 140,069 (a)
A tlanta, G a................ 1, 451,097 326, 678 1,777, 775 177,423 1, 009, 454 1,186, 877 590, 898! 6, 500, 998
Auburn, X , Y ............ 360, 651
360, 651
60, 007 220, 022 280, 029 80, 622 14, 462,863
A ugusta, Ga.............. 643,358 111, 071 754,429
70,156 628, 375
55,898] 3,395,000
Baltimore, M d .......... 9.192,717 3, 349,143 12, 541, 860 2, 059, 990 9, 988, 744 12, 698,531
048,734 493,126 37, 938, 086
Bay City, M ich ........ 383, 769 91, 517 475, 286 105, 571 255, 250 360,821
114,465]
1,617,479
Bingham ton, N . Y .. 593,739 247, 035 840, 774 310, 592 371,963
158,219 (a)
Birmingham, A la ... 271, 788 17,156 288, 944 25, 548 242, 259 682,555
267,807
21,137!
1,982,750
Boston, M ass............ 24, 042, 483 15, 846,150 39, 888, 633 10, 372, 711 25, 081, 877
Bridgeport, Conn .. . 942,326
21, 844 964,170 110,102 733,158] 843, 260 120,910! (a)
Brockton, M ass........ 785, 626 728,421 1, 514, 047 802, 856 671,167
40,0241 (a)
Buffalo, JSC Y ............ 6. 012, 222 4, 939, 246 10, 951,468 1,731,815 8,819, 661
992 22, 969, 064
Butte, M o n t.............. 619,228 151,729 770, 957 203, 623 433, 839] 637,462 399,
133,
4951 991, 923
Cambridge, Mass ... 2, 090,198 1, 482, 319 3, 572, 517 1,174, 895 2,191,472 3, 366, 367 206,150,11,161,
Camden, N. J ............ 1,172, 243 308;900 1, 481,143 124,142 863, 875 988,017 493,126) {a) 002
Canton, Ohio.............. 495, 686 141,932 637, 618 198, 863 301, 200 500, 063 137,555 (a)
Charleston, S. C........ 627,160 102,000 729,160 162, 233 557, 719 719,952
9, 208] 825, 000
Chattanooga, Tenn . 316,965
" 316, 965 20, 384 285, 906 306, 290 10, 675!
675
Chelsea, M a ss.......... 640, 965 355,933 996, 898 496,252 486, 538 982, 790 14,108 501,
(«)
Chicago, 111. (6 )........ 25, 807, 320 8, 973, 354 34, 780, 674 11, 505, 036 20, 528, 972 32, 034,008 c,2, 746, uuui
666
79,
084,
766
Cincinnati, O hio___ 7, 698. 859 1, 273, 073 8, 971,932! 1,756, 342 6, 313, 850
901, 740:54, 000' 000
Cleveland, Ohio____ 7,981,889 3, 752, 431 11,714,320] 4,153, 901 3, 904, 410 8,8, 070,192)
058, 311 3, 656, 009,43, 062, 831
Columbus, Ohio........ 1, 608, 236 1,160,112 2, 828, 348 1, 276, 260 1, 530, 284 2, 806,544 21, 804 12
Covington, K y .......... 709, 385 99, 946 809, 331) 148, 393 432, 423 580, 816 228, 515 (a) 4 0
Balias, T e x . ............ 654, 653 32, 334 686,987 49, 797 400, 663 450,
460 236, 527 <«)
Davenport, Iowa .. . 497, 529 168, 238 665,767l 212,379 339,315 551, 694 114, 073 1,323,
80S
B ay ton, O hio............ 1, 840, 386 603, 208 2, 443, 594) 642, 968 995,099 1, 638,
067 805, 527 < a )
Benver, Colo.............. 2, 313, 236 536, 754 2, 819, 990 758, 296 1, 775, 608 2, 533,904
316,
086
(a)
B es Moines, la. (e) .. 1 3,130,843 323, 263 1,454,106) 524, 863 700, 544 1,225,407 228, 699 (a)
i 0,354,662 214,011 0, 568, 673 1, 668, 908 3, 360, 769 029, 677 1, 538, 996 24, 598,106
Dubuque, Iowa (d). ! 469, 619 93, 578 563,197] 137,164 331, 763 5, 468,
927 94, 270 (a)
i 3, 158, 994 1,010,417 2, 167, 111] 422, 745 1, 651, 375 2, 074,120
291 5,184, 803
Elizabeth, K. J .......... i 711, 103 108, 791 819, 894’ 83, 382 637, 561 720,943 93,
98, 951
Elmira, IN. Y ............ 582,699
29, 000 611, 699 51. 264 507,883 559,147 52, 552 1, 887,971
552
Erie, P a ...................... 644, 859 168, 295 812, 654! 301, 498 409,961 711,459 101,195 3, 351,
737
Evansville, In d ........ 866, 093 52, 800 918, 893’ 142, 029 557,994 700, 023 218, 870 2, 051,
803,
F all Kiver, M ass----- 1, 836, 427' 1,126, 255 2, 962, 682 1,255, 794 1, 601, 247 2, 857, 041 105, 641 5, 408, 434
081
Fort W ayne, Ind ... 629,193
629, 193 94, 936 348,467 443, 403 185, 790 (a)
Fort Worth, Tex .. . 442, 805
442,805
15,650 294,297 309,947 132, 858 2,819,746
Galveston, T e x ........ 800,203
58, 000 858, 203 195, 275 532, 940
215 129, 988 4, 494, 649
Gloucester, Mass ... 1 542,67b 459, 649 1, 002, 322 454, 479 425,593 728,
880, 072 122, 250
000
Grand Rapids, Mich 1, 480, 337 200, 000 1, 680, 337 217, 497 940,684 1,158,181 522, 156 4,1,410,
458, 588
Harrisburg, P a ........ 591, 884
8, 867 600, 751 119, 923 383,085 503, 008 97, 743 2, 299, 985
Hartford, C onn........ 1, 665, 559 338, 687 2, 004, 246 555, 745 1,135, 933 1, 691, 678 312, 568] ( a )
H averhill, M a ss___ 676, 780 3S2, 881 1, 059, 661 400, 914 618, 926 1,019, 840 39, 821 2, 927 386
Hoboken, K. J .......... 918, 608 104,175 1, 022, 783 164,589 763, 207 927,796 94,987] 1,624,726
1 934,176 703, 708 1, 657, 884 837, 667 799, 062 1, 636, 729
4,251,972
1 592,281 411,520 1, 003. 801 304,191 607, 862 912, 053 21.155,
91,748‘ (a)
Indianapolis, I n d ... ! 2,073,845 1,119, 004 3,192,849 1, 584, 700 1, 561, 945 3,146,
645
46,
.204,
353
Jersey City, is. J ___ i 5,725,651 4, 656, 366 10, 382,017 2, 604, 335 6, 465, 768 9, 070,103 1, 311, 914 2, 199,
(a)
Johnstow n, P a.......... 214, 287 105,818 320,105
60, 270 164, 085 224,355 95, 750, 924,108
Joliet, 111.................... 399, 769 155,010 554,779 200, 219 227, 556 427,775 127,004f ( a )
K ansas City, K an s.. 516, 922 283,140 800, 062 338, 918 381,144 720, 062 80, 000 800, 000
K ansas City, Mo___ 2, 398, 755
2, 398, 755 251, 871 1, 703, 499 955, 370 443, 385 7,500 000
K noxville, T en n ___ 254, 684 109, 516 364, 200 105, 582 253, 282 358,
864 5, 336 452. 668
La Crosse, W is ........ 568,649
48, 212 ♦ 616, 861
88, 475 368, 434 456, 909 159, 952 1,146, 341
Lancaster, P a............ 352, 912 34,745 387, 657 116,412 233,151 349,
563 38, 094 1, 686, 579
Lawrence, M a ss___ 949. 734 494,186 1, 443, 920 519,933 851, 799 371, 732 72,188 3, 636, 253
Lincoln, JSTebr............ 460,494 175, 407 635, 901 204, 922 340, 826 1, 545,
748 90,153 2, 583, 649
L ittle Rock, A rk___ 211,827
211,827
4, 255 194, 431 188, 686 13,141 430, 641
Los A ngeles, Cal___ 1, 600, 397 543,129 2,143, 526 644, 900 1,128,
949
1,
773,
849
677 1,173, 709
Louisville, K y .......... 3,162,182 686,830 3, 849,012 1,176, 741 2, 492, 747 3, 669. 488 369,
179, 524 12,607,430
Lowell, M a ss............ 1, 795, 202 1, 774, 518 3, 569, 720 1, 646, 960 1, 690, 411 3, 337, 371 232,
9, 393. 478
Lynn, M ass................ 1, 571, 826! 1,302,642 2, 874, 468] 314, 743! 2, 498, 273 2, 813. 016 61, 349
452 6, 188, 307
M cKeesport, P a ___ 354,518 155,216 509, 734 212, 379] 233, 930 446, 309 63, 425
1, 395, 000
Macon, G a .................. 412, 708' 73,717 486, 4251 144, 898 341, 527 486, 4251
411,279
<xNot reported.
b X o t including data relating to sanitary district of Chicago.
c Data are for 15 months, excluding exceptions noted in Tables X I I I , X I Y , and X Y , which are for 12
months.
dD ata are for 13 months, oxcejM for maintenance of schools, which are for 12 months.




STATISTICS OF CITIES.

605

T abus X V I.—SUM M ARY OF INCOME A N D E X PEN D IT U R E , A N D A SSETS—Concluded.
Income.

Expenditure.
Cash on
For con­ For main­
hand
Cities.
struction tenance
at end of A ssets.
Ordinary Extraor­
dinary
Total.
and
other
Total.
fiscal
receipts. receipts.
capital and oper­
year.
outlay. ation.
1
Malden, M ass........... $840, 578 $283, 967 $1,124, 545 $155, 262 $960, 822 $1,116, 084 $8, 461 i$3, 289, 568
Manchester, X. 1 1... 1,032, 898 360,0c0 1, 392, 8S8 527, 199 750, 492, 1,277,691 115,207 ! 5.578,010
986. 432 197, 961 583, 787 781, 748 204,6841 (a)
Memphis, T enn........ 986, 432
M ilwaukee, W is ----- 5, 952, 355 268, 624| 6,220,979 1, 066, 222 3, 396, 639 4, 462. 861 1.758,118 23,677.080
M inneapolis, Minn . 4,153,058 352, 424 ! 4. 505, 482 893, 262 2, 903,328 . 3, 796, 590 708, 892 22,381,666
Mobile, A la ............... 169, 555 24, 609 194,164
191,906 | 191,906
2, 258 ! («)
X ashville, T e n n ----- 1,022,645 163, 799 ! 1,186,444 235, 086 868, 918 ! 1, 104, 034 82’, 410 , 3,974,815
Xewark, X. J ............ 4,855, 762 3, 522, 225; 8, 377, 987 1, 445, 316! 6, 663, 797! 8. 109, 113 208, 874 (a)
X ew Bedford, M ass. 1, 342, 715 1, 027, 867, 2,370.582 1.192, 5321 1, 102, 078j 2. 294, 610 75 972j 5,441,288
X ew Haven, Conn .. 1,771, 785 1, 355, 998 3,127,783 1, 516, 213 1,560,120 i 3,076,333 51, 450 (a)
Xew Orleans, L a----- 4, 528, 723
| 4, 528, 723 656, 159 3, 676, 818! 4, 332, 977 195, 746 (a )
13, 259 337, 884 351, 143 72, 073 971 0C0
Xewport, K v ............ 332, 268 SO, 948! 423,216
X ew York, hi. Y ----0)
(b) |151,117.790 22,058,412 (a)
(b) !17 3.176,202 (b)
Xorfolkf Va................ 834, 743
73, 390 908,133 153, 809 622,781 1 776,590 131,543 ! 1,749.278
Oakland, Cal.............. 863, 061
4, 359 867, 420 90,522 765, 346 861, 80S 5, 552! 1.918.202
Omaha, X e b r ............ 1,899,062 668, 392 2, 567. 454 868, 016 1, 322, 896 2,190,912 376 512, 8, 101, 431
Oshkosh, W is............ 290,185
16, 881, 307,066 124,194 166,490 290,684 16,382i 679,962
Paterson, X . J .......... 1, 485, 627 1, 525,138 3, 010, 765 1, 518, 142 1, 455, 894j 3, 004, 036! 6 729| (a)
Paw tucket, R. I ----- 813, 097 969, 481 1, 782, 578 1, 039, 663 719, 251 1,758,914 j 23,664 1 (a)
Peoria, 111.................. 723, 967 560,161 1, 284,128 636, 598 515, 744 1,152.342 131, 786 2, 683, 361
Philadelphia, P'a----- 28, 333, 272 3,571,270 31, 904, 542 6, 952, 980 20,122, 034 27, 075, 014 4, 829, 528 ! (a)
15ittshurg, P a ............ 8, 881, 452 2, 379, 263 11,260.715 3, 967, 847 5, 400, 382! 9, 368, 229 l s 892, 486 <«>
PortlamCMc. (c) ----- 994,121 395, 244 1,389, 365 459, 219j 883,854 1 1,343,073 46,2921 (a)
Portland, Oregon----- 1.161,590 823, 930 3, 985, 520 803, OUT1 979.72.9 1,782, 736 202, 784111, 187, 391
Providence, K. I ----- 4, 107.413 ! 1.151,385 5, 258, 798 1, 414, 890 3, 623, 402 5,038,292 220, 506'16,826,218
Pueblo, C olo.............. 563, 662 125, 427 689. 089[ 284,695 ! 354,825 i 639,520 49, 509i 118,725
Quincy, III................. 337, 885 143. 652 481, 537, 132,380 j 257,839 390,219 91, 318 1,196,110
G25, 350 206, 880 832, 230, 221,069' 508,803! 729,8~2 102,358 2, 897, 908
Heeding, Pa
Richmond, V a .......... 1, 453, 740 448, 537 1,902.2771 750, 505; 1,140,957' 1,891,522' 10,755 7, 673, 458
Rochester, X. Y ......... 3, 142, 773 3,434, 148 0, 576, 928 3,258,945 2,639,450, 5,898,395 678,531 12, 274.941
Rockford, 111.............. 346, 490 257, 724 601, 223| 303,022; 279,4411 582,463, 21,760 1,303. 743
Sacramento, C a l___ 894, 884 355, 910 1, 250, 794! 588,4761 508,861' 1,097,337 153,45' 3, 987, 607
Saginaw, Mich. (d ).. 724.653 302, 48: ' 1,027,138 310,104! 570,853; 880,957 146,181 (a)
St. Joseph, M o .......... 661, 374
74,022! 504,384! 578,406 82,968 1, 300, 000
! 661,374
St. Louis, M o ............ 13, 391,961 2, 902, 480'16, 297,391! 3,359, 070. 9, 030, 301 12, 389, 371 3, 908, 020;36, 212, 502
St. Paul, M in n ....... 2, 886, 827 1, 5-13,845| 4. 430, 672 1, 597, 645 2,156, 277 3, 753, 922 676,750 17, 444,851
Salem, M a ss............... 713, 585 465, 0001 1,178, 585 103,946 1, 071,613 1,175. 559 3, 026 (a)
Salt Lake City, Utah 852, 708 35, 819 888.527 118, 167l 725,770 843, 937 44,590 (a)
San Antonio, Tex .. .
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(«) 786 1 339,
(a) I (a)
San Prancisco, Cal .. 8, 138,
550 8,478,336 1, 024,
458 6,158,428 7,182,886 1, 295, 450 26, 515, 450
955, 214 90. 167 1.051,411 158,758 882,914 1,043,672
Savannah, G a..........
9 739, 2,119,588
950, 094 122. 722 1,072,816 172, 090 668, 023 840, 113 232, 703j 2,718,368
Scranton, P a ..
1, 141, 909 193, 971 j 1,335,880 294,263 789, 929 1,084, 192 251,688, 5,512,500
Seattle, W ash.
451 219 807,172 1, 258, 391 704,520 335, 638 1, 040, 158 218 233! 2,441,476
Sioux City, Iowa
1, 323, 107 1,076, 000 2, 399, 107 1, 335, 031: 993, 700 2, 328, 731 70, 376! (a)
Somerville, Mass
427,086 182,203 609.289 136, 4811 368,897 505,378 103.9111 (a)
South B end,Ind
858,420 507, 133 1, 365, 553 797, 826I 432,548 1, 230, 374 135.179, 3,876.570
Spokane, W ash .
429,716 145, 891 575, 637 154, 6961 387,541 542, 237 33 400 1. 731,472
Spring-field, 111
1. 871,389 608, 500 2, 539, 889 1,038,280 1, 234, 244 2, 272, 524 267, 365 6, 932 399
Springfield, Mass
217,109
Springfield, Mo .
79, 971 297, 080 89,101 ! 141,012 230,113 66 9671 382, 340
455. 656 319, 614 775,270 357, 906 338,559 696,465 78,805 1,089,805
Springfield, Ohio
859, 073 34, 079! 893,152 327, 288 469,538 796, 806 96,346 2,125,000
Superior, W is...
1, 692, 940 2, 715, 764 4,408,704 2, 078, 432 1, 577. 380 4,255, 812 152,892 9,402,192
Syracuse, X. Y ..
701,504
28,116 729, 620 104, 957 560, 739 665, 696 63,924’ 6,840,591
Tacoma,, W ash..
039, 678 405, 394 1, 045, 072 506,125 530, 292 1,036, 417 8,055 2,441,901
Taunton, M ass..
521, 667 162, 360 681, 027 180, 078 436, 481 616, 559 G7,468 (a)
Terre Haute, Ind
2, 223. 739 345, 665 2, 569, 404 656, 353 1, 467, 085 2 , 123, 438 445, 966 (a)
Toledo, O hio----504,857 104, 695 609,552 124, 951 342,024 466, 975 142,577 1.125,000
Topeka, K a n s...
1, 071,783 650, 376 1, 722,159 370,702 1,180, 644 1, 551. 346 170,813 4,715,665
Trenton, X. J ...
1, 003, 066 699, 550 1,702, 616 661, 597 837, 937 1,499,534 203 082 («>
Trov, X. Y ..........
559,980 147, 274 707,254 205, 250 439, 962 645,212 62i 042 1,257,381
Utica, X. Y ........
W ashington, D. C .. 7. 225, 059 42. 402 7. 267, 461 853, 885 6.171, 708 7, 025, 593 «241.868 (a)
543,376 288, 827 832.203 424,675 360, 317 784 992 47,2111 (a)
Waterbury, Conn..
580,099
W heeling, W. Ya ..
580,099 88,424 428, 915 517,339 62,760 2.013,028
412, 846j 166,220 579, 066 238, 645 339, 293 577, 938 1,128. (a)
W ilkesbarre, Pa . . .
374, 457 72, 688 447,145 114, 204 257, 978 372,182 74, 963
W illiamsport, Pa ..
951,663
972,336
60.000 1, 032, 336 199,161 766, 599 965, 760 66,576 (a)
W ilm ington, D e l...
W orcester, M a ss... 3, 150, 306! 2,510.756 5, 661,062 2, 501, 907 2, 277, 658 4, 779, 565 881,497 11,999,644
983, 0311 776,195 1, 759, 226 631, 968 1, 062, 773 1,694,741 64,485 4,258,380
Yonkers, X. Y ........
485,636| 177,628 663,264 213,466 349,122 562, 588 100,676 1,903,459
Youngstown, Ohio .
<*Xot reported.
hX ot reported on account of reorganization of city.

c X et including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6, 1899.
d Data are for 16 months.
e Covered into the U nited States Treasury.



696

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

T able XVII.—PER CAPITA DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PROPERTY, AND

EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE.

Cities.

Expenditures for maintenance.
Police
depart­
A ssessed ment,
in­
valua­ cluding
N et tion of police
A ll
Fire
Care Street other
debt. real and courts, depart­
of
lig h t­ pur­ Total.
personal city jails, ment. Schools. streets.
ing. poses.
property. workhouses,
reforma­
tories, etc.

Akron, Ohio.................. $13.68 $413.82
$4.10 $0.91 $0. 77 $3.11
$0. 91 $1.48
Albany, N. Y ................ 32.94
666. 85
1.41
.85 14. 03
1.80
2.77
.67
652 81
1 10 1. 05
2. 68
. 89
8. 35
A llentown, P a.............. 18. 60 567. 61
.’ 29
.58
.44
2. 32
.56
2. 07
.48
Altoona, P a .................. 25. 29
(a)
.65
2.17
.64
.39
2. 74
1.15
1.48 6.45
Atlan ta, 0 a .................. 29. 81 544. 26
1.47
.80 c 5 .11
.19
Auburn, N. Y .............. 24. 02
424.00
2. 34
.50
.47
2. 60
.78
.93
A ugusta, G a ................ 35. 00 375. 60
1.20
(d)
.24
.46
9. 74
.88
.68
Baltimore, M d.............. 59. 65 498. 89
2. 22
2. 60
.74 11. 34
16. 89 279. 40
.68
. 53
2. 23
2. 87
.41
Binghamton, N. Y ----- 14. 01 462. 32
.57 e2. 88
.62
.61
.92 /2 . 67
Birmingham, A la ........ 48. 09 453. 33
1 04
.83
1.04
.33
2. 75
.47
4.59
Boston, M ass................ 93. €9 1, 778. 82
2.10
1.12 30.22
3. 02 2.01
.91
Bridgeport, Conn........ 18.71
855. 40
.85
.96
4. 82
2.19
.74
3.30
Brockton, M a ss.......... 44. 37 704.72
1. 22 1.27
1.55
. 74 9. 92
614.19
.82
Buffalo, N. Y ................ 37.05
2. 61
.62
.85 15.18
l! 97
.54
Butte, M ont.................. 10. CO 314. 00
1.10
2.73
.96
.40
2. 95
995.01
.89
3.95
1.99
Cambridge, M ass........ 68.17
1.30
.77 15.45
3.06 g • 37 1.02 h 6. 34
339. 03
.63
Camden, N. J ................ 31.17
.92
258. 25
.42
2 06
.36
Canton, O hio................ 19.14
.43
.49
3. 04
.70
.63
Charleston, S. C .......... 55. 86 255. 31
1.14
.44
5. 29
( d)
1.43
429. 66
1.07
.40
.36
Chattanooga, T en n ... 27.70
5.13
1.14
.96
3. 40
1.07
.98
.80
7. 33
Chelsea, M a ss.............. 34. 60 695. 96
.84
3.83
.46
Chicago, 111. (i) ............ 13.76
119. 44
. 36 3. 53
2.08
2. 20
.63
8. 77
Cincinnati, Ohio.......... 61. 94 481.30
1. 68 1.14
.79
374. 45
.44
. 55 3.85
1.52
1.14
2. 77
Cleveland, O hio.......... 33.25
1.30
.26
2. 50
5. 44
Columbus, O hio.......... 44. 70 452.17
1.05
.38
.49
2.05
3.61
Covington, K y ............ 38. 25 436. 36
.79
.48
.44
.74
.46
3.64
.67
1.68
.82
Dallas, T ex.................... 34. 68 444.23
.64
3.41
2.36
.58
.82
Davenport, Io w a ........ 8. 09 353.10
.67
.92
.78
3.39
.62
5.71
.29
Dayton, Ohio................ 39. 22 491. 72
361. 43
.80
3.76
.72
.78
.54
Denver, C olo................ 16.57
3. 84
3.52
.98
.79
3.66
.35
D es Moines, Iowa ( j) . 17. 46 237.13
.71
2. 60
1.46
1.48
2.45
1.61
D etroit, M ich .............. 10. 51 593.25
2.91
1.93
.72
.55
.64
.62
Dubuque, Iow a (k). . . 28. 94 534.14
1.38
3. 86
.86
.82 19. 72
448. 70
.88
D uluth, M in n .............. 84.10
.44
1.94 6.05
.44 c 8. 85
1.03
Elizabeth, N. J ............ 65. 62 340.11
.82
1.14
.79
6.10
2. 57
.67
Elmira, N. Y ................ 24. 29 409. 27
.56 / 2. 65
e
2.
04
.31
.49
.78
Erie, P a .......................... 13. 96 319.31
3.16
2.91
.25
.49
.81
.71
Evansville, I n d .......... 32. 09 407. 38
1.06
.83
631.48
1.34
2. 79 2. 23
8.17
F all River, M a ss........ 37.12
.90
1.86
.41
.64
2. 59
.57
Fort W ayne, In d ........ 13. 99 456. 79
1.21
5.30
Fort, W orth, T e x ____ 56. 27 431.42
.56
.94
.40
Galveston T e x __ __ 47. SO 450.12
1. 00
.80
.90
5. 27
.91
1.06
2. 78 2.40
.43
6.44
.84
514. 45
Gloucester, M ass........ 19.40
.70
1.15
2.81
.41
3.53
.90
280. 38
Grand Rapids, M ich.. 19.00
.26
2.53
.64 m 2. 90
.66
Z. 67
Harrisburg, P a ............ 17. 72 500. 00
2.09
1.29
2. 28
.69
6. 87
1.53
829. 35
Hartford, Conn............ 50.15
1.18
3.58
1.87
.91
706. 44
8. 72
.88
H averhill, M ass.......... 41.92
1.19
.42
2.
55
.34
0
5.
94
7i
1.40
418.01
21.17
Hoboken, N. J ..............
1.32
.73
.75 10.07
3. 85
1.04
Holyoke, M a ss............ 35. 66 809. 56
a N ot reported.
&N ot including expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets.
c Including expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets.
d Supported by State and county.
e Including expenditures for libraries, art galleries, museums, etc.
/ N ot including expenditures for libraries, art galleries, museums, etc.
g Including expenditures for removal of garbage.
h N ot including expenditures for removal of garbage.
i N ot including data relating to sanitary district of Chicago.
j D ata are for 15 months, except for police and fire departments, schools, library, and parks,
are for 12 months.
k Data are for IB months, except for schools, which are for 12 months.
I Including expenditures for sewers.
m N ot including expenditures for sewers.
n N ot including in expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
o Including expenditures for police courts, citv jails, workliouses, reformatories, etc.




$11. 28
21.53
14. 07
6. 26
7. 07
10.46
6. 88
12.57
18. 46
6. 72
8. 27
6. 46
43. 06
10.47
18. 00
22. 05
8.68
24. 35
12.34
6. 80
8. 20
9. 53
14. 54
11. 10
15. 21
10.27
10. 93
7. 86
8. 01
8.48
11.71
10.44
10.01
9. 60
7. 37
27. 52
12. 75
12. 09
6. 83
8.33
16.42
6.97
8.41
8. 88
13. 95
9. 50
7. 66
14. 75
17.14
11.84
17. 76

w hich

STATISTICS OF CITIES,

697

T able XVII.—PER CAPITA DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PROPERTY, AND

EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE—Continued.

Cities.

E XIjenditurei3 for mai ntenanci6.
Police
i
i
depart­
Assessed ment,
in­
val ua- cluding
A ll
N et tion of police
Care Street other
Fire
debt. real and courts,
ligh t­ pur- , Total.
Schools. of
personal city j ails, depart­
streets. ing. poses.
property. work- ment.
liouses,
reforma­
tories, etc.

Houston, T e x .............. $38. 66 $375. 47
$0. 78 $0. 79 $1. 82 $1. 14 $0.29 $5. 31
.76
.73
Indianapolis, I n d ----- 10. 09 599.28
.69
2. 60
2. 52
.51
Jersev City, N. J ........ 86. 75 461. 81
2. 06 1.12
2.13 a . CO
.72 b 26. 38
413. 61
.55
2.09
.45
1. 36
Johnstown, P a ............ 12.48
.27
.57
.70
Joliet, HI........................ 8. CO
95. 37
.73
2. 89
.47
2. 03
.77
.83
2.02 c. 63
.45 d 3. 06
Kansas City, Kans .. . 23. 33 161.18
. 95
.36 (J 4.03
e. 95
2.18 ( /)
Kansas City, M o ........ 23. 44 339. 05
1. 00
.33
K noxville, Tenn.......... 33. 85 268. 70
.49
.63
.53
1.37
2. 98
.49
2. 73
.61
5.85
.62
1.21
La Crosse, YVis............ 12. 53 234.13
.26
360. 37
.28
Lancaster. P a .............. 14.35
.33
1..58
2.37
.58
.81
2. 92 1.21
. 55 8. 49
Lawrence, M ass.......... 30. 59 656. 21
.SO
83. 70
.38
.24
Lincoln, N eb r .............. 27. 90
1. 66
.33 , 2. 79
.28
. 10 . . . . . . . . 1.12
1.84
. 73
1.01
Little Rock, A r k ........ 3. 83 307.20
.91
.90
555. 45
1.12
3. 82
3.05
Los Angeles, C al........ 14.11
528.25
.99
1.66
2.20
.54
.54
5.15
Louisville, K y .............. 41.63
1.81
.99
9.75
1. 38 1.35
3.79
Lowell, M ass................ 38. 05 800. 73
1.22
3. 53 1.26
1. 34
.97 28. 91
Lynn. M a ss.................. 47. 95 759.48
.37
455.79
.74
.54
2.23
.84
2.59
McKeesport, P a .......... 12.71
.49 i3. 73
1. 50
2.88 h 1. 38
1.40
Macon, Ga...................... 25. 07 467. 46
.92
.92
1.59
.88 20. 54
4.71
Malden, M a ss.............. 45. 23 804. 54
.92
1.00
1.22
1.92
7.75
Manchester, N. H ----- 32. 62 540.14
.81
.45 k 4. 25
531. 41
.92
.95
.77 j- 44
Memphis, T en n .......... 39.12
1.43
2.
34
525.
82
.81
.68
5. 58
M ilwaukee, W is.......... 20. 44
1.29
2.55
.99
.75
6. 21
1.35
Minneapolis, Minn ... 29. 50 475. 29
1.02
.45 b 2. 05
.95
1.01 (m)
a . 59
Mobile, A la .................. 119. 74 428. 50
1.82
1.53
.50
3. 81
393. 33
1. 02
.97
N ashville, T enn.......... 36. 88
.44
.75 18.11
1. 39
.91
2. 63
Newark, N .J .............. 38. 84 503.18
2.15
3. 83 1.77
9. 65
1. 40
.88
N ew Bedford, Mass .. 59. 27 1, 024.15
1. 23
.74
5. 80
1.89
3. 44 1.08
N ew Haven, Conn----- 29. 99 613.58
1.02 n . 73 7.59
1.01
1. 04
1.51
N ew Orleans, L a ........ 52. 04 488.39
.26
.68
.35
1.46
.47
7. 51
Newport, K y ................ 41. 39 329.30
N ew York, N. Y .......... 69. 78 878.22
(o)
(o)
(o)
(o)
(o)
(<»
.30
.51
.69
.51
6. 79
393.28
.78
Norfolk, Y a .................. 49.91
1.16 1.14
3.85
648. 63
1.08
.89
2. 08
Oakland, C a l................ 7. 23
.67
.72
2. 41
.50
.37
3. 70
Omaha, N eb r................ 43. 09 209.17
2.19
.58
.41
.70
.55
1.12
Oshkosh, YVis.............. 12. 51 309. 33
.66 q 7. 70
.70
p 1.04
1.00
2. 08
18.98
Paterson, N .J .............. 28. 45
1.34
.82 12.37
3.66
953.03
1.09
1. 27
Paw tucket, R. I .......... ! 120.24
3. 33
.79
1.32
.65
145.02
1.14
2. 69
Peoria, 111...................... 11.83
2.61
2. 79
.79
.89 ! 8.33
.81
Philadelphia, P a .......... 29. 33 697. 04
1.55
9. 05
1. 38
3.64
.87
1.59
Pittsburg, P a .............. 41.89 1,067.96
1. 24 1.04 14.01
]. 14 1.45
2.42
Portland, Me. ( r ) ........ 28. 46 947.17
.83
.90
2. 62
.73
4.46
1.06
Portland, Oregon........ 61. 04 415. 49
2.14
3.49
2.12
1. 27 1.75 11.06
Providence, R. I .......... 85. 05 1, 093. 72
.55
.66
1.99
.45
4. 04
.44
Pueblo, Colo.................. 25. 39 182. 85
.63
1.61
.52
.45
98. 96
.62
2.17
Quincy, 111.................... 26. 08
.48
2. 23
.41
.45
2. 69
.43
Rending, P a .................. 18. 66 554.18
.29
6. 92
1.00
.80
1.14
.72
650.
09
66.
25
Richmond, V a ..............
1.26
.91
2. 84 1.50
1. 29 7. 28
644. 53
Rochester, N. Y .......... 52.17
.59
.69
2.69
1.59
2.45
. 46
Rockford, 111................. 15. 96 168.77 ;
a Including expenditures for removal of garbage.
b Not including expenditures for removal of garbage,
c Including expenditures for sowers and removal of garbage.
d N ot including expenditures for sewers and removal of garbage.
e Not including expenditures for police courts.
/ Included in expenditures for all other purposes.
q Including expenditures for police courts and care o f streets.
h Not including expenditures for cleaning and sprinkling streets.
i Including expenditures foi cleaning and sprinkling streets.
j Including expenditures for parks and gardens.
k Not including expenditures for parks and gardens.
I Not including $2,254,787.53 debt assumed by State on reorganization of city.
m Supported by State and county.
n Including expenditures for 1897.
o N ot reported on account of reorganization of city.
p N ot including expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
q Including expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
v N ot including city of Deering, annexed to Portland February 6,1899.



$10. 13
7.81
33.01
5.29
7.59
7.94
8. 52
6. 33
11. 51
5.40
14. 88
5. 68
4.80
10.26
11. 08
19. 07
37. 23
7.31
11. 38
29. 56
13. 65
7. 78
12.13
12. 87
5.05
9. 65
24.23
19. 68
14,18
12.90
10. 73
(o)
9, 58
10. 20
8. 37
5.55
13.18
20.55
9. 92
16. 22
18.08
21.30
10. 60
21.83
8.13
6. 00
6. 69
10. 87
15. 08
8.47

698

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR,

T able XYII.—PER CAPITA DEBT, ASSESSED VALUATION OF PROPERTY, AND

EXPENDITURES FOR MAINTENANCE—Concluded.

Expenditures for maintenance.

Cities.

A ssessed
valua­
N et tion of
debt. real and
personal
property.

Sacramento, Cal .........
Saginaw, Mich, (a) . . .
St. Louis, M o................
St. Paul, M in n ............
Salem, M a ss..................
Sait Lake City, U tah.
San Antonio, T ex ----San Francisco, Cal----Savannah, G a..............
Scranton, P a ................
Seattle, W a sh ..............
Sioux City, Iow a........
Somerville, M ass........
South Lend, In d ..........
Spokane, W ash............
Springfield, 111............
Springfield, M a ss----Springfield, M o..........
Springfield, O hio........
Superior, W is ..............
Syracuse, N. Y ............
Tacoma, W ash ............
Taunton, M ass............
Terre Haute, In d ........
Toledo, O hio.............
Topeka, K an s ............
Trenton, N. J ..............
Troy, N. Y ..................
U tica, N. Y ..................
W ashington, D. C ___
W aterbury,Conn .......
W heeling, W. Y a .......
W il kesbarre, P a .........
W illiamsport, P a .......
W ilmington, D e l .......
W orcester, M ass .......
Yronkers, N. Y ...........
Y oungsto wn, Ohio ----

$4.72 $450.30
20. 38 253. 53
20. 82 303. 03
30. 67 566.06
43, 71 431. 54
24.64 788.56
45. 48 456. 37
(d)
(d>
10. 74 774. 60
49. 69 545. 86
7.24
206.15
57.09
409. 52
56. 70 166. 31
25. 87 815. 66
19.96
429. 95
61.52
419. 51
25. 34- 113. 31
37. 85 1,191.13
4. 28 273. 42
22. 62 425. 00
34. 98 285. 61
50. 00 600. 53
88. 42 470. 21
42. 27 676. 95
9. 68 518.17
40. 71 358.16
20. 61 252. 99
27. 02 415. 25
713. 09
23.11
8. 07 628. 24
52. 79 664.56
32. 99 272.19
14. 92 613. 87
10. 41 174.95
22. 53 286. 55
28. 26 555. 56
47.63
960.92
67. 39 787. 54
12. 59 254. 33

Police
depart­
ment, in­
cluding
A ll
Care Street other
police Fire
ligh t­ pur Total.
courts, depart­ Schools. of
streets. ing. poses.
city jails, ment.
workhouses,
reforma­
tories, etc.
$0.92 $0.99
.66
.61
. 65
82
l! 85 1.19
.83
.95
. 85
1.07
.45
.57
id)
(d)
2. 91 2. 05
1.14
1.35
.37
.51
.83
1. 03
. 55
.50
.96
.91
.92
. 62
.69
1.37
.92
.70
1. 56
1.21
.42
. 35 |
.62
.72
.74
.59
.70
1.17
.61
.82
.89
1.27
1.07
.77
.86
1. 03
.48
. 75
1. 00
.91
.84
1.53
.73
.48
2. 84
.81
1.01
. 75
. 88
. SO
.57
.64
0.3 2
.65
.49
1.14
1.30
1. 48
1.35
.51
.58
.74

$3. 65 $1.20 $0. 71
2. 89 ' 1.25
.57
1. 70 b. 55
2. 06 1.58
.66
1.89
.77
.52
3. 28 1.62
1.14
3,19
.37
.50
id)
(d)
(d)
3.44
.83
.88
1.95
2.55
.44
.43
.45
2. 32
2. 79
.28
.25
. 50
.35
2. 77
4. 69 1.43
.73
2.07
5. 34
.52
.35
.21
1.58
.61
2. 96 1.23
5.27
2.13
.97
1.50
.29
.40
2. 66
.53
.81
.62
2. 68
.34
.70
.71
3.07
.43
2. 52
3.51
1.51
.28
3.31
1.95
.65
.50
2. 58
.50
.37
2. 88
.32
3.13
.42
2. 38 e 1. 58
. 90
2.43
.43
. 95
3.71
.73
1.35
2.90
.39
.52
. 32
2. 60
2. 58
.48 ! .60
2. 33
.52
. 57 i
2.08
. 50 1
.60
4. 98 2. 83
.96
4.15 i 1. 52
1. 50
2.61
.31
.44

$7. 17
3. 53
7.15
4.94
21.81
5. 29
id)
7.00
6.15
2. 28
5.35
4. 83
7. 84
2. 06
5. 41
2.81
10. 26
1.74
3.12
8. 44
5.78
6. 83
10. 22
3.16
4. 86
5. 29
10. 36
/ 5. 28
2. 31
12. 04
3. 22
6. 69
1.92
7t 3. 07
5. 84
10. 14
j 14. 59
2.03
c 3. 01

$14. 64
9. 51
6. 73
14. 49
10.00
29.77
10. 37
(d)
17.11
13. 58
6. 36
10. 53
9. 59
16. 56
11.53
9. 61
9.23
21.40
4.70
8. 46
13. 41
12.13
11. 21
17. 68
10.91
10. 33
9. 77
16.17
12. 51
7. 33
21.48
8 . 79
11. 29
6. 79
8.06
10. 65
21.69
23. 62
6. 71

a Data arc for 16 months.
b Including expenditures for sewers.
c-Not including exiienditures for sewers.
d N ot reported.
e Including expenditures for removal of garbage.
/ Not including expenditures for rem oval of garbage.
g Not including expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
h Including expenditures for police courts, city jails, workhouses, reformatories, etc.
£ Including expenditures for sewers, docks, wharves, ferries, bridges, markets, cemeteries, etc.,
and removal of garbage.
j N ot including expenditures for sewers, docks, wharves, ferries, bridges, markets, cem eteries, etcM
and removal of garbage.




RECENT REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR STATISTICS.

CONNECTICUT.
Fourteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the State
of Connecticut? fo r the year ending November 30? 1898. Samuel B.
Horne, Commissioner. 234 pp.
The following are the contents of this report: Introduction, 8 pages;
textile industries, 86 pages; organized labor, 63 pages; condition of
manufactures, 43 pages; labor legislation, 15 pages.
Introduction.—A brief review is given of the current work of the
-Connecticut Bureau of Labor Statistics, also a statement of the sub­
jects investigated by the National, State, and foreign labor bureaus
during the fiscal year.
Textile Industries.—This presentation covers returns from 162
establishments engaged in the manufacture of cotton, woolen, knit, and
silk goods. The investigation related to capital invested, wages paid,
persons employed, cards, looms, spindles, and knitting machines in
use, value of product, assessment and taxes, etc. In the tabulations
these facts are shown for each establishment returned. The following
statement shows the totals and averages for each of the four industries:
STA TISTICS OF T EX TIL E IN D U ST R IE S, 1897.
Item s.

Cotton.

60
Establishm ents considered.......................... I
Horse p ow er..................................................... | 30,499
$15,
071,
7Q0
Capital in v e sted ..............................................
Value of product m anufactured................ $15, 540, 534
Amount paid in w a g es.................................. I $4,830,029
31
Per cent of wages paid of product valu e.
p er cent of value of production of full
89
capacity............................................................
7,707
A verage number of males em p loyed---7, 870
Average number of fem ales em ployed...
Sets of cards in u se ..........................................
21, 080
Looms in operation ........................................
Machines in operation ..................................
Spindles in operation................................... 1, 038, 020
Taxes paid (b) .................................................... $147,210
3, 084
Number of tenem ents owned......................
Rate of rent per m onth.................................. $0. 90 to $11
A verage w eekly w ages:
$18. 00
W eavers, h ig h e st....................................
$5. 00
W eavers, lo w e s t......................................
$12. 00
Spinners, h ig h e s t....................................
$4. 00
Spinners, lo w e s t......................................
K nitters, h igh est......................................
Knitters, low est........................................

Goods manufactured.
AVoolen.
Knit.
Silk.
54
23
25
10, 371
2, 833
3,860
$6, 906. 000 $1, 863,000 $4, 008, 000
$11,887,228 $3, 630, 551 $7,488,485
$907, 753 $1,734,739
$2,607,953
23
22
27
a 78
11
74
4, 993
2, 301
981
2,745
2, 025
2, 853
120
417
38
3,213
1,204
91, 928
53,514 I
$01, 800
$21,134 i $35,100
1, 117
137
$2. 08 to $13 $3 to $12
$15.. 00
$12. 04
$5. 50
$7. 50
$14. 40
$ 10. 00
$12.00
$4. 75
$4.50
$7. 15
$ 11.00
$4. 50

I Total.
!
162
j
47,503
! $28, 448, 700
$38,546,798
I $10,200,408
20
81

10, 042
15, 493
543
24, 331
l, 204
1, 183, 462
$265. 310
4, 338

a This percentage, apparently, should he 77 ; the one given is, however, according to the original.
5Including closed establishm ents.

Comparative figures, obtained from public aud private sources, are
also presented, showing the relative conditions of the cotton industry
in the New England and in eight of the Southern States. A synopsis
is given of the laws relating to the hours of labor and the employment



699

700

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

of women and children in these States. From this it appears that
while all of the New England States have an age limit for the employ­
ment of children and restrict the hours of labor of women and children,
only one of the eight Southern States provides an age limit for children
in factories and three limit the hours of labor.
Organized Labor.—This investigation relates to the number and
membership of labor organizations in the State; the wages, hours of
labor, and stability of employment of members; advantages of organi­
zation, benefit features, etc. In 1898 there were 139 labor organizations
reported in the State, of which 105 made returns.
The following table shows, by occupations, the number of labor or­
ganizations reporting, their membership, the number of members unem­
ployed, and the benefits derived from organization:
M EM BERSHIP OF LABOR ORGANIZATION'S, B Y OCCUPATIONS, 1898.

Occupations.

B a k e r s ...........................
Barbers............................
B rew ers.........................
B u ffers............................
Carpenters.....................
Cigar m ak ers................
H atters...........................
H orsesboers..................
Iron mold era..................
Locomotive engineers,
M a c h in ists..................
M iscellaneous..............
M u sicia n s.....................
P lu m bers......................
P rin ter s........................
Printing pressm en---R ailway train m en---T extile w ork ers..........
T o ta l....................

deriving
Members unem­ Unions
Members.
benefits from
ployed.
Organ­
organization.
izations
report­
In ­ Shorter
ing- Males. F e­ Total. Males. F e­ Total. creased
males.
males.
wages. Fours.
6 163
163
15
1
4
87
87
3
79
2
79
4 795
795
45
9 1,224
146
1,224
3
11 754
757
44
9 2, 627 1,123 3,750
570
30
2
30
10 552
552
24
3 378
378
20
237
4 237
12 902 109 1,011
33
5 345
4
349
5 163
163
48
6 305
13
318
43
2
45
45
276
4 276
6 336 187
523
15
105 1 9,298 1,439 10, 737 1,006

224

1

15
1
2
45
146
44
794
24
20
33
48
44

3
18
228 1,234

4
1
a4
3
6
10
7
1
8
3
3
7
5
3
6
4
3
78

4
2
3
1
7
10
2
2
1
3
5
3
4
1
3
3
54

a According to the number of organizations reporting, the number of unions deriving benefit by
increased wages should apparently be 3 instead of 4.

In the preceding tabulation the hatters are shown to have had by far
the largest membership—3,750, or over one-third of the organized work­
ing people in the State belonging to this craft. The carpenters were
next in importance, a total membership of 1,224 being reported. There
were 1,234 members of labor organizations reported as unemployed,
1,000 -being males and 228 females. Nearly two-thirds of the unem­
ployed members were hatters. As a result of organization, increased
wages were reported for 78 unions and shorter hours for 54 unions.
Condition of Manufactures.—The statistics regarding the con­
dition of manufactures show, by industries, for each of 564 identical
establishments, the number of persons employed on July 1, 1897, and
July 1, 1898, the percentage of increase or decrease in the number
employed, the amount paid in wages during the years ending July 1,



REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR— CONNECTICUT.

701

1897 and 1898, respectively, the percentage of increase or decrease in
wages, and the estimated per cent of business done of full capacity,
during the latter year, on basis of wages paid. Following is a sum­
mary, by industries, of the facts reported:
PERSONS EM PLOYED A N D W AGES P A ID , 1897 A N D 1898, A N D P E P CENT OF B USINESS
DONE, BY IN D U ST R IE S.

Industries.

Brass and "brass goods........
Buttons, buckles, and pins.
Carnages and carriage
p a r ts......................................
C orsets......................................
Cutlery and to o ls..................
F irearm s..................................
General hardw are................
H ats and c a p s.......... .............
Iron and iron foundries ...
Leather g oo d s........................
Machine shops........................
M usical instruments and
p a r ts ......................................
Paper and paper good s----Rubber goods..........................
Sh oes..........................................
Silver and plated w a r e ----Stone cutting and quarry­
ing ............ ............................
W ire and wire g o o d s..........
W oodw orking........................
M iscellaneous........................
T o ta l..............................

Amount paid in wages
Persons em­
during the year end­
Estab­ ployed J uly 1— Per
Per
ing July 1—
lish­
cent of
cent of
ments
in­
in­
report­
crease.
ing. 1897. 1898. crease.
1897.
1898.
61
18
22
10
36
7
54
21
33
15
66
7
49
14
9
27
10
11
42
54
564

13,G77 15,622
1,445 1,760
744
720
1 4,342 4, 416
1,887 2,178
806
934
8, G17 8, 286
2,585 2,658
3, 522 3, 930
583
597
7,715 7,424
800
893
2,417 2, 420
! 4,068 4, 255
532
534
3, 908 4,083
i 742
691
774
1 710
1,968 1, 996
1,511 1,476
61,957 65, 669

i
14.2 $6, 472, 869 $7, 648, 823
21.8
531, 079
717,372
469, 277
3.3
459, 817
1.7 1, 338, 695 1, 482, 053
995,923
15.4
839,344
431, 487
15.9
465, 026
3.4 3, 430, 431 3, 664, 356
2.8 1,106, 956 1,140, 418
11.6 1, 948, 332 2,100,186
2.4
304,473
301, 618
a 3.8 4,391, 603 5, 253, 426
11.6
352, 912
412,429
932, 402
962, 989
.1
4.6 1, 591, 333 2,112,170
203,448
184, 395
a .4
4.5 1, 870, 065 2, 093, 986
239,352
374, 422
a 6.9
295,511
330, 732
9.0
891,310 1, 001, 876
1.4
738, 865
787,182
a 2. 3
6.0 28, 370, 284 32,498, 659

18.2
35.1
2.1
10.7
18.7
7.8
6.8
3.0
7.8
a. 9
19.6
16.9
3.3
32.7
a 9.4
12.0
56.4
11.9
12.4
6.5
14.6

E sti­
mated
percent
of busi­
ness
done of
full
capac­
ity.
89.6
92.3
64.8
91.9
67.6
72.1
74.2
73.5
63.9
56.5
91.6
72.5
71.8
91.7
71.9
70.5
67.3
78.7
72.3
72.5
79.9

a Decrease.

The preceding table shows increased business activity in 1898 when
compared with the preceding year. In the 564 establishments reporting
there was an average increase of 6 per cent in the number of persons
employed, and of 14.6 per cent in the amount paid for wages. The
proportion of business done of full capacity on the basis of wages paid
shows an average of 79.9 per cent for the year ending July 1, 1898.
NORTH CAROLINA.
Eleventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics of North
Carolina, for the year 1897. James Y. Hamrick, Commissioner.
208 pp.
The' various subjects treated in this report may be grouped as follows:
Manufacturing industries, 92 pages; electric plants, 10 pages; agricul­
ture, 67 pages; fisheries, 13 pages; railroads, 21 pages; tobacco and
tobacco manufacturing, 17 pages; newspapers, 13 pages; letters, 17
pages; chronology of labor bureaus, 10 pages.
Manufacturing Industries.—The industries considered in this
report are cotton, woolen, silk, and jute mills, flouring mills, tanneries,
10493—No. 24---- 6



702

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

furniture factories, lumber, and miscellaneous factories and trades. Each
of these industries is considered separately and the data consist for the
most part of lists of firms engaged in each industry, their locality, the
character of the products, and in the case of the textiles the capacity of
each plant and the capital invested. In the lumber industry, the
capacity of each plant, the output, and the number of employees are
also shown.
The report shows that in 1897 there were 210 cotton mills in the
State, of which 183 were spinning and weaving mills, having a total
capacity of 24,517 looms and 1,044,385 spindles; 25 were hosiery mills,
with 1,410 knitting machines, and 2 were dyeing and finishing mills.
They gave employment to 26,287 persons. The average daily wages paid
for textile wrork was, for male adults, $ 1.11 for skilled and $ 0,684 tor
unskilled labor, and for female adults, $0.67£ for skilled and $0.46 for
unskilled labor. Children earned an average of $0.34| per day. The
average working day consisted of 11 \ hours. The estimated capital
invested in spinning and weaving mills was $17,242,950. There were 15
woolen mills, with 5,394 spindles and 239 looms. Two silk mills and 2
jute mills were also reported.
Of the other manufacturing establishments reported in the State, 86
were roller flour mills, 123 were tanneries, and 35 were furniture fac­
tories. The last-named industry gave employment to 1,359 men and
268 children, whose average daily wages in 1897 were $0,974 and $0,424,
respectively. In 1893,323lumber mills were reported in eastern jSTorth
Carolina.
E lectric P lants.—-Twenty-three electric-lighting companies, 8
telegraph companies, 13 telephone exchanges, 9 electric street railways,
and 75 isolated electric plants are listed in the report.
A griculture and F isheries.—A chapter each is devoted to gen­
eral agricultural statistics, truck farming, fruit growing, and fisheries.
B ailroads.—There were 3 principal and 29 minor railroad systems
in the State in 1897, employing 8,838 persons. Tables are given showing
the number and average daily wages of the employees of each road, and
the mileage and assessed valuation of railroad property in the State.
The following statement shows the average daily wages of railroad em­
ployees in the State in 1897:
A V E R A G E D A IL Y W AGES OF R AILRO AD EM PLOYEES, BY OCCTTPATIOXS, 1897.
Occupations.

Average
daily
wages.

Station a g en ts................
Other station m e n ........
E nginem en......................
F irem en ............................
C onductors......................

$1. 42
.94
3. 20
1.18
2. 25

Occupations.
Other train m en.............
M a ch in ists....................
C arpenters....................
i Other shopm en..............
j Section foremen............

Average
daily
w ages.

Occupations.

$0. 99 Other track m en............
2. 26 Flag switch watchm en.
1. 07 Telegraph operators ...
1.26 Other em ployees............
1.34

Average
daily
wages.
$0.75
1.08
1.48
1.11

Tobacco and Tobacco Manufacturing.—Tables are given show­
ing the average wages of employees engaged in the tobacco industry,



REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR— NORTH CAROLINA.

703

internal-revenue receipts, etc. In 1890 the State produced 65,629,170
pounds of tobacco, the total value of which was estimated at $3,783,926.
The average wages of tobacco factory employees in 1897 were: For
skilled labor, men $1.14, women $0.57; for unskilled labor, men $0.62,
women $0.38; children $0.23.
NORTH DAKOTA.
Fifth Biennial Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture and Labor of
North Dakota, for the two years ending June 30,1898. H. U. Thomas,
Commissioner. 125 pp.
This report is devoted mainly to statistics of agriculture. The x>rincipal subjects treated may be grouped as follows: Climatic statistics, 5
pages; agriculture, 52 jmges; railroads, 3 pages; flouring mills, 2 pages;
the dairy industry, 18 pages; live stock, 15 pages; coal mines, 4 pages;
abstract of assessment of personal and real property, 4 pages. There
are also brief chapters on rivers, streams, and lakes, immigration,
homestead laws, weights and measures, sire certificates, wool markets,
and adulteration and substitutes.
Railroads.—Tables are given showing for the years 1897 and 1898
the mileage and assessed value of each railroad in the State. The total
mileage reported was 2,823 in 1897 and 2,867 in 1898. The assessed
value of railroad property was $8,619,440.25 in 1897 and $12,869,329 in
1898.

F louringt Mills.—A list is given of 67 flouring mills in the State,
showing the name, location, and motive power of each.
The D airy Industry.—Returns were made by 23 creameries and

cheese factories in the State, of which all but 10 had suspended opera­
tion. The quantity of cheese made in private families aggregated
151,339 pounds in 1896 and 1*50,395 in 1897, and of butter, 4,013,775
pounds in 1896 and 4,243,468 pounds in 1897. The milk sold to cream­
eries and cheese factories was valued at $47,564 in 1896 and $73,782 in
1897, and to others, $25,633 in 1896 and $19,874 in 1897.
Coal Mines.—In 1896,123 mines were reported in operation, produc­
ing 78,199 tons of coal. In 1897 there were 35,742 tons of coal reported
for 143 mines. The returns regarding number of employees and total
wages are incomplete.
WISCONSIN.
Eighth Biennial Report of the Bureau of Labor and Industrial Statistics.
1897-1898. Halford Erickson, Commissioner, xiv, 701 pp.
This report consists of three parts: Cost of production of wheat,
oats, rye, barley, and corn, 196 pages; factory inspection, etc., 358
pages; manufacturers’ returns, 147 pages.
Cost of P roduction.— The purpose of this investigation was to
ascertain the relation of the cost of production of wheat, oats, rye,



704

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

barley, and corn to their respective value or selling price. Over 3,000
returns were received by the bureau from farmers throughout the State.
Of these, 1,510 were used in this report. The items upon which the
cost of production was based were the labor cost of the various oper­
ations, the cost of seed, taxes, cost of maintenance of horses, cost of
fertilizing material, depreciation in the value of machinery and horses,
and interest on the value of machinery, horses, land, and other invest­
ments. lii the labor cost is included the time actually expended by
the farmer, members of his family, or employees, reckoned at the usual
rates paid for farm labor. The detailed calculations and analysis, as
presented in this report, are based upon 510 of the most complete
returns, covering the best agricultural counties in the southern and
eastern parts of the State. These 510 returns form the basis for the
table following, which shows the cost of production per acre and per
bushel for each item of expenditure. For most of the items the cost of
production per acre is based on data for 1896. The cost of seed and of
grain used for feed or maintenance of horses was, however, based on
average prices for the six years ending in 1890. In arriving at the
cost per acre for thrashing, shelling, and marketing the average yield
instead of the yield for 1896 was used. The cost of production per
bushel was likewise based on the average yield, which in the case of
wheat was 17.5 bushels per acre; oats, 39 bushels; rye, 18 bushels;
barley, 30 bushels, and corn, 42 bushels.
COST OF PRODUCTION OF G R A IN .
Item s.

Rye.
Oats.
W heat.
Earley.
Corn.
Per | Per Per Per Per Per Per Per Per Per
acre. 1bushel. acre. bushel. acre. bushel. acre. bushel acre. bushel.

P lo w in g .............................................. $0. 535 $0. 0306 $0. 535 $0. 0137 $0. 535 $0. 0297 $0. 535 $0. 0178 $0, 535 $0.0128
Harrowing, e t c ................................ .192 .0110 .192 .0049 . 192 .0107 .192 . 0064 .230 .0055
Seeding and planting.................... .106 . 0061 .106 .0027 .106 .0059 .106 . 0035 .143 .0034
. 677 .0161
C ultivating................................. ..
C u ttin g .............................................. .117 | . 0067 .117 .0030 .117 .0065 .117 . 0039 . 930 .0221
1 1.340 . 0319
H u sk in g ............................................
Shocking .................. ....................... . 140 .0080 . 140 . 0036 . 140 .0078 .140 .0047!............
S ta ck in g ........................................ .. .296 .0169 . 296 . 0076 . 296 . 0165 .293 .0099'______
T hrashing................ ........................ .•480 . 0274' . 680 .0174 . 510 .0283 .663 . 0221
M arketing.......................................... .240 1. .0137 j .300 .0077 .230 .0128 .380 .0126 .560 .0133
. 550 . 0131
Shelling ..............................................
S eed ...................................................... 1.150 .0657 .880 . 0226 .800 . 0444 .950 .0317 .080 .0019
Taxes .................................................. .256 .0146 . 25Gf . 0066 .256 .0142 .256 .0085 .256 .0061
Maintenance of horses.................. .867 .0495 .807 [ .0222 .867 .0482 .867 .0289 .867 .0207
Fertilizing (2.3 loads of manure). .690 .0394 . 690I . 0177 .690 .0383 .690 .0230 .690 .0164
Other exp en ses................................ .500 . 0286 .500 . 0128 .500 .0278 .500 .0167 .500 .0119
Depreciation in value of ma­
1
chinery............................................ .429| . 0245 .429 .0110 .429 . 0238 .429 .0143 .429 . 0102
Depreciation in value of horses- . 125 .0071 .125 .0032 .125 .0069 .125 .0042 . 125 . 0030
Total annual in vestm en t............ 6.123 . 3498! 6.113 . 1567 5. 793 .3218 6. 246 .2082 7.912 .1884
Interest on value of machinery. .257 .0147 .257 1 .0066 .257 .0143 .257 .0086 .257 .0061
Interest on value of h o r se s........ .075 .0043 .075 | .0019 .075 .0042 .075 .0025 .075 .0018
Interest on annual investm ent . .355 .0203 . 355! . 0091 . 335 .0188 .363 .0121 .475 a. 0124
Interest on value of land............ 2. 640 .1509 2. 040 . 0677 2. 640 .1467 2. 640 .0880 2.640 .0629
Total c o s t .................................. 9. 450 .5400 9.440 | . 2420 9.100 .5056 9. 581 . 3194 11. 359 &. 2715
a On the basis of 42 bushels to the acre, figures here apparently should be $0.0113; those given are,
however, according to the original.
Z>On the basis of 42 bushels to the acre, figures here apparently should ho $0.2705; those given are,
however, according to the original.




REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR— WISCONSIN.

705

The total investment of capital per acre was calculated to be: For
wheat, $55.66; oats, $55.65; rye, $55.29; barley, $55.79,' and corn,
$57.45. The value of the wheat crop produced in 1896 was $11.70 and
of the straw $1.30 per acre, showing after the deduction of $9.45, the
cost of production, a surplus of $3.55 per acre. In the case of oats,
the value of the crop in 1896 was $0.97 and of the straw $2.30 per
acre, while the cost of production was $9.44, showing a deficit of $0.17.
In the case of rye there was a deficit of $0.30 per acre, the cost of pro­
duction being $9.10, the value of the crop $6.60, and the value of the
straw $ 2.20. The production of barley cost $9.58 per acre, while the
value of the crop was $8.90 and of the straw $1.50 per acre, showing a
surplus of $ 0.88 in 1896. The total cost of producing one acre of corn
was $11.36, the value of the crop in 1896 was $10.56 per acre and the
value of the stalks $3, showing a surplus of $2.20.
While the data collected and used in this investigation relate to con­
ditions in 1890, the cost computed is said to represent a fair average of
the several years preceding. A comparison of the cost of production
shown in the table with the average value of crops, etc., for the 6 years
ending with 1896 shows a surplus per acre in each case as follows:
Wheat, $2.53; oats, $3; rye, $ 1 .20 ; barley, $4.82; corn, $5.92.
Manufactures.—In the iiresentation of manufacturing statistics
for 1896 and 1897 this bureau has closely followed the methods of the
Massachusetts bureau. The statistics are based upon the returns
made by 1,245 identical establishments in the case of capital invested,
stock used, and goods made and work done; 1,479 establishments in
the case of average proportion of business done, and 1,499 establish­
ments in the case of wages, yearly earnings, persons employed, and
time in operation.
In 1897 there were returned 625 private firms and 608 corporations.
A comparison of the relation between the number of firms and corpo­
rations in 1896 and 1897 shows little change. The following sum­
mary shows the total number of firms and corporations and partners
and stockholders in each of the two years:
PR IV A T E F IR V S A N D CORPORATIONS CONTROLLING 1,233 ID E N TIC A L E ST A BL ISH ­
M ENTS, 1893 A N D 1897.
Items.
Private firm s........................................................................................................................... - .................
Partners.........................................................................................................................................................
Average number of partners to a private firm............................................................................
Cor no ra tions.................................................................................................................................................
Stockholders___: ......................................................................................................................................
Average number of stockholders to a corporation.....................................................................

Number.
1896. 1897.
619
1,134
1. 83
614
7, 214
11. 75

625
1, 325
2.12
608
7, 71G
12. 69

The following table shows the items of capital invested, value of
stock used, goods made and work done, and wages during the years
1896 and 1897, for each of the 7 leading industries and for all other
industries collectively.



BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

706

c a p it a l in v e s t e d , sto c k u s e d , goods m a d e a n d w o r k d o n e , a n d w a g e s

P A ID , B Y IN D U ST R IE S, 1896 A N D 1897.

Estab­
lish ­
ments.

Industries.

Flour and feed........................
86
Lager b eer..............................
71
L eath er....................................
33
Lumber, laths, and shingles 168
M achines and m achinery..
86
Paper and p u lp ....................
34
73
Sash, doors, blinds, etc........
Other in d u stries.................. 694
T otal.............................. 1,245
Industries.

Stock used.

Capital invested.
Per cent
1896.
1897.
of in­
crease.
$6, 449,116
33, 943, 545
10, 394,318
44, 989, 633
8, 244, 923
8, 224, 977
5, 504, 932
58,153, 680
175, 905,124

$7, 411,133
35, 539, 091
12,124, 012
45, 642, 002
9, 038, 030
9, 014. 723
5, 541, 357
65,450,321
189, 760, 669

1896.

14. 92 $15. 889,410 $18, 724, 577
»4. 66 3, 270,795 3, 702, 671
16.64 9, 789, 314 11, 320, 816
1.45 9, 861, 062 12,187, 522
6 8.77 3,059, 369 3, 333, 014
9. 60 3, 392, 882 3,481, 577
.66 2, 680, 742 2, 879, 007
12. 55 39, 083, 692 42, 500, 886
7.88 87, 027, 266 98,130, 070 |

Goods made and work done.
Estab­
Per cent Eatablish ­
1896.
1897.
of in ­ lishments.
crease. m ents.

$547, 830
1,649. 640
1, 790, 571
3,904,245
2,195, 742
1,243,243
1, 086, 510
19, 332, 041

$586,731
1,686, 468
2, 028, 342
4, 566, 264
2, 343, 671
1, 240, 476
1,159,449
22, 971, 643
36, 583, 044

^1

1897.

CO

14. 75
86
10. 08
71
12. 70
33
20.30
168
86
6. 44
d . 55
34
5.17
73
6.14 . 948
9. 53 1,499

1896.

%

$22, 016, 981
16, 945, 217
15,153, 361
22,043,162
8,155, 581
6, 555, 806
5, 260,706
73, 815, 859
169, 946, 673

Per cent
of in­
crease.
17.84
13.20
15. 64
23. 59
8.94
2.61
7. 40
8. 74
12. 76

W ages paid.

CO

86 $19,186, 233
Flour and feed........
Lager beer................
71 15, 394, 071
33 13, 445, 346
Leather......................
Lumber, laths, and
168 18, 322, 764
sh in g les................
M achines and ma- '
86 7, 662, 023
eh in erv ..................■
34 6, 592,166
Paper and pulp---Sash, doors, blinds,
73 5, 002, 045
etc............................
694 69, 548, 258
Other industries. 1,245
155,152, 906
T o ta l..............

1897.

Per cent
of in ­
crease.
c 6. 73
2.23
13. 28
16. 96
6.74
d . 22
6. 71
18.83
15. 22

a Figures here apparently should he 4.70; those given are, however, according to the original.
b Figures here apparently should be 9.62; those given are, however, according to the original.
c Figures here apparently should be 7.10; those given are, however, according to the original.
d Decrease.

The 1,245 establishments considered reported an aggregate capital of
$175,905,124 in 1896 and $189,760,669 in 1897, an increase of 7.88 per
cent. The value of the stock used in these establishments was
$87,027,266 in 1896 and $98,130,070 in 1897, an increase of 12.76 per cent.
The total value of goods made and work done was $155,152,906 in 1896 and
$169,946,673 in 1897, an increase of 9.53 per cent. The greatest relative
increase, however, was in the case of aggregate wages paid by 1,499
establishments, namely, from $31,749,822 in 1896 to $36,583,044 in 1897,
or 15.22 per cent.
The proportion of business done by 1,479 establishments, as compared
with their maximum capacity, was 71.80 per cent in 1897 and 69.53 in
1896. There was also an increase of 2.81 per cent in the average num­
ber of days that 1,499 establishments were in operation, or from 263.40
days in 1896 to 270.81 days in 1897. The following table shows these
items during 1896 and 1897 for each of the seven leading industries and
for all other industries collectively.




REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR— WISCONSIN.

707

A VERA G E D A Y S IV OPERATION OF 1,499 E STA BLISH M EN TS A N D PER CENT OF
BUSINESS DONE, BY IN D U ST R IE S, 1896 A N D 1897.

Industries.

Estab­
lish­
ments.

86
Flour and fe e d ....................................................
71
Lager beer ...................................... ............... .....
33
Leather ................................ .............................
168
Lum ber,laths, and sh in gles..........................
86
Machines and machinery ............................
34
Paper and p u lp ..................................................
73
Sash doors blinds, etc....................................
948
Other industries ................................................
Total .......................................................... 1,499

cent of business done
Average days in opera­ Per
of maximum capacity
tion.
of establishments.
Percent
Per cent
1896. 1897. of in­ 1896. 1897. of in­
crease.
crease.
263. 66
301. 37
280.16
190. 38
272. 64
288. 78
248.02
263. 38
| 263.40

271.42
300. 97
293. 03
203. 91
282. 88
287. 85
257.14
270. 88
270. 81

2. 94 70.37 75.27
61.35 64. 34
4. 59 73. 69 79.61
7.11 61.20 70. 00
3.76 64. 84 68. 01
b .35 83. 20 83.00
3. 68 66. 25 69. 76
c 2.81 d 69. 55 d 71. 65
2. 81 j e 69. 53 e 71. SO
a . 13

6. 96
4. 87
8. 03
14. 38
4.89
a .24
5. 30
d 3.02
e 3. 26

a Decrease.
b Decrease. Figures apparently should bo 0.32; those given aro, however, according to the original,
c Figures here apparently should be 2.85; those given are, however, according to the original.
d Figures for 928 establishments, 20 establishm ents in railway-equipment industry not reporting.
e Figures for 1,479 establishments, 20 establishments in railway-equijmient industry not reporting.

The average number of employees and their average yearly earnings
in 1,499 identical establishments are similarly shown in the following
table:
A VERA G E N UM BER OF EMPLOYEES A N D A V E R A G E W AGES, BY IN D U ST R IE S, 1896
A N D 1897.
Industries.

A verage number of per­ Average yearly earn­
sons employed.
ings.
Estab­
lish ­
Percent
cent
ments. 1896. 1897. of in­ 1896. 1897. Per
of in­
crease.
crease.
$518.31
542. 62
426. 66
386.09
522. 44
5393.71
330.61
413.40
«416. 79

3. 60
3. 05
3. 42
14.14
2. 72
c l. 30
a 2. 41
5. 42
100
©

3. 38 $500. 30
a .80 526. 54
9. 54 412. 57
2. 47 338. 26
3. 91 508.63
1.12 398. 86
9.35 338. 79
12. 7 L 392.13
9. 35 <*386. 63

1^

86 1, 095 1,132
Flour and feed...................... .............................
71 3,133 3,108
Lager beer .......... ................... ..... .......................
33 4, 340 4, 754
L eath er..................................................................
168 11,542 11, 827
Lumber, laths, and shingles..........................
86 4,317 4, 486
Machines and m achinery................................
34 3,117 3,152
Paper and pulp....................................................
Sash, doors, blinds, etc.....................................
73 3, 207 3, 507
948 49, 300 55, 568
Other industries............................ ....................
T otal............................................................ 1,499 80, Ool 87, 534

a Decrease.
b Figures here apparently should be $393.55; those given are, however, according to the original.
c Decrease. Figures apparently should be 1.33; those given are, however, according to the original.
d Figures hero apparently should be $396.62; those given are, however, according to the original.
e Figures here apparently should he $417.93; those given aro, however, according to the original.

/F ig u re s here apparently should be $5.37; those given aro, however, according to the original.

The average number of persons employed was 80,051 in 1890 and
87,534 in 1897, an increase of 9.35 per cent. The average yearly earn­
ings per individual employed in the 1,499 establishments were $390.02
in 1890 and $417.93 in 1897, an increase of 5.37 per cent. The above
series of tables shows, therefore, a general increase in business activity
in 1897 as compared with the preceding year.




TWELFTH REPOET ON THE ANNUAL STATISTICS OF MANUFAC­
TURES IN MASSACHUSETTS.

The Annual Statistics of Manufactures, 1897. Twelfth. Report, xv, 249
pp. (Issued by the Bureau of Statistics of Labor, Horace G. Wadlm,
Chief.)
The following statistics are presented in this report: Statistics of
manufactures, 103 pages; selected industry presentations, 43 pages;
analysis, 51 pages; industrial chronology, 49 pages.
The statistical presentations are mainly based upon the returns made
for 1896 and 1897 by 4,695 identical establishments, representing 77
manufacturing and mechanical industries in the State. They do not
include all the establishments in the State, but show the trend of indus­
trial progress as reported by a large number of typical establishments.
The 4,695 establishments considered were conducted, in 1897, by 3,522
private firms and 1,124 corporations, a decrease of 0.96 per cent in the
number of private firms and an increase of 3.02 per cent in the number
of corporations as compared with 1896. There was likewise a decrease
in the number of partners from 5,659 in 1S96 to 5,529 in 1897, or 2.30
per cent, and an increase in the number of stockholders from 42,452 in
1896 to 43,634 in 1897, or 2.78 per cent. The average number of part­
ners to a private firm in 1897 was 1.57, and the average number of
stockholders to a corporation was 38.82.
The following tables show the aggregate capital invested, the value
of goods made and work done, the value of stock used, and the wages
paid during the years 1896 and 1897 for each of the 9 leading indus­
tries, for the remaining 68 industries collectively, and for all of the 4,695
identical establishments:
C A PIT A L IN V E ST E D A N D GOODS M ADE A N D WORK DONE IN 77 IN D U ST R IE S,
*
1896 A N D 1897.
Industries.

Estab­
lish­
ments.

675
Boots and sh oes..................
12
C arpetings............................
163
Cotton good s........................
126
L eath er..................................
360
M achines and machinery.
384
M etals and metallic goods.
91
Paper and paper goods -..
117
Woolen good s......................
31
W orsted good s....................
Other in d u stries................ 2, 736
T otal............................ 4, 695

Capital invested.
Per cent
1896.
of in­
1897.
crease.
$21, 550, 886
6 , 063, 982
112, 561, 310
6 , 995, 486
26,058.192
37, 570i 592
20,977, 979
21,655, 660
14, 623, 706
132, 742, 084
380, 799, 877

$23, 014, 435
6 , 784, 921
110, 655, 603
7.559, 363
27, 574, 500
18, 308, 737
20, 989,176
25, 390, 647
16 , 397, 790
137, 696, 219
394, 371, 391
Decrease.

708



6 . 79
11.89
8 . 06
5. 82
4. 20
.05
17. 25
12.13
3. 73
3. 56

Goods made and work done.
Per cent
1896.
1897.
of in­
crease.
$93, 590, 910
5, 941, 456
18, 740, 542
28, 455, 766
22, 774, 663
19, 865, 086
20, 885, 906
17, 829, 822
246, 234, 943
559,880,511

$99, 773, 896
6 , 364, 709
21, 837, 377
25,159, 094
22,172, 268
19, 933, 033
25, 599, 328
24, 111, 098
246, 512, 233
1576, 877, 064

a 1.69 85, 561,417 85, 414, 028

6 . 61
7.12
a .17
16. 52
a 11.5©
a 2. 65
.34
22. 57
35. 23
.1 1

3. 04

709

MANUFACTURES IN MASSACHUSETTS,
STOCK U SED A N D W A G ES P A ID IN 77 IN D U ST R IE S, 1896 A N D 1897.
Industries.

Estab­
lish­
ments.

Stock used.
1896.

675 $57,383,071
Boots and shoes..................
3,445, 442
C arpetings............................
12
163 49,172, 809
Cotton goods........................
126
13,166,483
L eath er..................................
360 10,377,522
Machines and m achinery.
881 10, 321,786
M etals and metallic goods.
91 11,825, 894
Paper and p iper goods .. .
117 12,183, 273
"Woolen g o o d s......................
31 10, 641,690
W orsted goods....................
Other in d u stries................ 2,786 138,723,859
T otal............................ 4,695 317, 241, 327

W ages paid.
Per cent
of in­
crease.

1897.

1896.

1897.

i
$61, 012, 700
6 .33 $21,868, 856 !,$22, 505, 580
3,898, 404 13.15 1,490, 036 1,605, 379
a . 38 25, 603. 529 26,400, 493
48,987,402
16,195, 365 23.00 2 ,85li 793 3, 054, 684
8,978,151 a 13.48 9, 941,133 ' 9,116,190
9,953,944 a 3. 56 6,920,670 6 707, 323
11,387, 275 a 3.71 3, 680. 395 3, 800,744
15,036,303
23.42 5,494; 181 6,285, 385
14, 676,178 37.91 3,819, 656 4, 528, 314
140,028, 579
.94 48, 669, 710 48,269, 994
330,154,301 | 4.07 130, 339, 959 132, 334, 075

Per cent
of in­
crease.
2.91
7.74
3.35
7.11
a 8. 30
a 3. 03
3.27
14.40
18. 55
b .70
1.53

a Decrease.
b Decrease. Figures apparently should be 0.82; those given are, however, according to the original.

The above tables show that in the 4,695 establishments, taken as a
whole, there was an increase in each of the four items given above,
namely, capital invested, goods made, stock used*, and wages paid.
Of the 9 leading industries, 5 show an increase in each of these items,
while the remaining 4 industries show an increase in one or more of the
same.
A comparison of the increase or decrease of the total production each
year since 1886, as shown by the present and former reports, is given
in the following table:
INC REA SE OR DECREASE IN V A L U E OF GOODS M ADE A N D W ORK DONE, BY
Y EA RS, 1886 TO 1897.

Years.

1886 and 1887...
1887 and 1888...
1888 and 1889...
1689 and 1890...
1890 and 1891...
1891 and 1892...

Increase in value of
goods made and
Number of work
done in each
establish­ year as
ments con­ w ith thecompared
previous
sidered in
year.
eacli year
compared.
Amount. Per cent.
1,027 $13,919,859
1,140 11,168,095
1,364 9,653, 992
3,041 22, 838, 970
3, 745 8.068, 053
4,473 33,180, 865

5.29
3.61
2.45
4.37
1.33
5.37

Years.

1892 and 1893..
1893 and 1894..
1894 and 1895..
1895 and 1896..
1896 and 1897..

Increaso in value of
Number of goods made and
establish­ w oik done in eaeh
ments con­ year as compared
sidered in w ith the previous
year.
each year
compared.
Amount. Per cent.
4,397
4,093
3,629
4, 609
4,095

a 51, 793,852
,a 56, 793,448
1 43,048,021
a 31, 376, 727
16,996, 553

a 8.10
a 10.27
9.18
a 5.51

3.04

a Decrease.

An examination of the above table shows that from 1886 to 1892,
inclusive, there was an increase each year in the value of goods pro­
duced and work done in the industries considered; in 1893 and 1894
there was a decline; in 1895, an increase; in 1896, another decline;
while in 1897 a slight increase is again noted.
The average number of employees and their average yearly earnings
in 1896 and 1897 in the 4,695 identical establishments are shown in the
following table. The persons included are wage earners only, the offi­
cers, clerks, or other salaried persons not being considered.



710

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

A V E R A G E N UM BER OF EM PLOYEES A N D A V E R A G E W A G ES IN 77 IN D U ST R IE S, 1896
A N D 1897.
Industries.

E stab­
lish ­
ments.

A verage number of em ­ A verage yearly earnings.
ployees.
Per cent
Per cent
1836.
1897. o f in ­ 1896.
1897. of in ­
crease.
crease.

Boots and sh o es..........................................
675 45,427 47, 788
C arpetings....................................................
12
4,325 4,622
Cotton g ood s................................................
163 77,669 79,144
126 6 , 013 6,413
L ea th er..........................................................
M achines and m achinery........................
360 18, 503 17, 387
384 13,709 13,608
M etals and metallic goods......................
91 8,917
Paper and paper good s............................
9,177
W oolen good s..............................................
117 15,088 16,866
31 10,951 12,705
W orsted good s............................................
Other industries.......................................... 2,736 104,890 106,106
T otal.................................................... 4,695 j 305,492 313,816

5. £0 $481.41 $470. 95
6.87 344.52 347.33
1.90 329.65 334.33
6.65 474.27 476.33
a 6. 03 537.27 524.31
a . 74 504.83 492.90
2.92 412.74 414.16
11.78 364.14 372.66
16.02 348,80 356.42
1.16 464. 01 454.92
2.72 426.66 421.69

a 2.17
.82
1.42
.43
a 2.41
a 2 . 36
.34
2.34
2.18
a 1.96
a l. 16

a Decrease.

The average number of persons employed in all of the establishments
considered was 305,492 in 1896 and 313,816 in 1897, an increase of 8,324
persons, or 2.72 per cent. Seven of the 9 leading industries show an
increase in 1897 as compared with 1896, the greatest relative increase
being 16.02 per cent, in the worsted goods industry. The average
number of persons employed in the 9 leading industries represented
65.67 per cent of the aggregate average number employed in all indus­
tries in 1896, and 66.19 per cent of those employed in 1897.
The average yearly earnings per individual employed in the 4,695
establishments was $426.66 in 1896 and $421.69 in 1897, a decrease of
$4.97 or 1.16 per cent. Six of the 9 leading industries show an increase
and 3 a decrease in this average. The greatest relative increase was
2.34 per cent, in the woolen goods industry, and the greatest relative
decrease was 2.41 per cent, in the machines and machinery industry.
The following table shows, for the 77 industries, the percentage of
males and females of the whole number employed at each specified
weekly rate of wages:
P E R CENT OF M ALES A N D F EM A L ES OF TH E W HOLE NUM BER EM PLO YED A T
SPEC IFIED W E E K L Y W A G E S IN 77 IN D U ST R IE S, 1896 A N D 1897.
W eekly w ages.
Vnder $5 . . ................ ..................... ...................... ...........................................
$5 or under $ 6 ___________ ______ ______ ______ ______ _____________
$6 nr under $ 7 _________________________________ _______ __________
$7 or under $8 __________________________________ _____________
$ 8 or under $9 ................ ....................................................................... ..
$9 or under $10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$10 or under $ 1 2 ............................................- ......................................................
$12 or nnder $ 1 5 ___ . ....... .................... ........................................................
$15 or under $ 2 0 __________ ___________________________ _______ ___
$20 or over........ ......................... .. ........... .. ............................... ............
T o ta l ..................................................................................................

1896.

1897.

Males. Females. Males. Fem ales.
3 8 .1 9
3 7 .0 3
4 8 .5 4
5 7 .8 3
6 6 .5 9
8 1 .1 1
8 6 .7 9
9 4 .1 4
9 7 .2 5
9 8 .3 0

6 1 .8 1
6 2 .9 7
5 1 .4 6
4 2 .1 7
3 3 .4 1
1 8 .8 9
1 3 .2 1
5 .8 6
2 .7 5
1 .7 0

3 9 .0 4
3 7 .2 9
4 7 .7 9
5 7 .8 2
6 5 .0 7
8 1 .4 5
8 6 .8 8
9 4 .0 3
9 7 .5 3
9 8 .4 6

6 0 .9 6
6 2 .7 1
5 2 .2 1
4 2 .1 8
3 4 .9 3
1 8 .5 5
1 3 .1 2
5 .9 7
2 .4 7
1 .5 4

6 6 .8 6

3 3 .1 4

6 6 .4 2

3 3 .5 8

Of the whole number of persons reported as receiving less than $5
per week in 1897, 39.04 per cent were males and 60.96 per cent were



711

MANUFACTURES IN MASSACHUSETTS.

females. The proportion of maies in eaoli class increased as tlie wages
advanced from $6 upward, while the proportion of females decreased
correspondingly. The proportion of females employed in 1897 in the
4,695 establishments shows a slight increase over the proportion in
1896.
The fluctuations in the different wage classes are shown in the fol­
lowing table, the total number of males, females, and both sexes,
respectively, being each considered as representing 100 percent, and
the number of employees in each .class constituting parts of this
aggregate:
P E R CENT OF TH E TOTAL M A LES A N D FEM A LES A T SPEC IFIED W E E K L Y W A G ES
IX 77 IN D U ST R IE S, 1890 A N D 1897.
W eekly wages.
XJmier$ 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$5 or under $6..................................... ............
$6 or under $7................ ..................................
$7 or under $8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$8 or under $ 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
$9 or under $10..................................................
$10 or under $12...............................................
$12 or under $15................................................
$15 or under $20................................................
$20 or over..................................... ...................

1896.
Males. Females.

Total.

1897.
Males. Females.

5. 54
8.59
9. 37
9.30
12.15
14.02
16.45
12.44
4.03

26.48
19. 01
18.38
13.78
9.41
5.71
4.31
2.07
.71
.14

14.20
1 0 .0 0
11.84
10.83
9.34
1 0 .0 1
10.80
1 1 .6 8
8.56
2.74

8.58
5.73
8.69
9.39
9.05
12.08
14.21
16.59
11.93
3.75

1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

8 .1 1

.1 2

14.60
1 0 .2 1
12. 07
10.78
9.25
9.85
1 0 .8 6
11.72
8.13
2.53

. 00

1 0 0 .0 0

26.51
19.06
18.77
13.65
9.62
5.44
4.25
2.08
.60
100

Total.

The class in which the proportion of the sexes is about the same each
year is that receiving $8 or under $9 per week. The percentages of
males in this class in 1896 and 1897 were 9.30 and 9.05, respectively, and
of females, 9.41 and 9.62, respectively.
The proportion of business done and the number of days in operation
in 1896 and 1897 are shown in the following table:
PER CENT OF BUSIN E SS DONE A N D A V ER A G E D A Y S IN O PERATIO N IN 77
IND U ST R IE S, 1896 AND 1897.
[Tlio percentage of business done represents tlie relation of the actual production to the greatest
amount of goods that can be turned out w ith the present facilities, the latter being considered as 100
per cent.]

Industries.

Boots and shoes....................................................................
C arpetings.............................................................................
Cotton goods..........................................................................
L eath er...................................................................................
M achines and m achinerv..................................................
M etals and metallic g o o d s..............................................
Paper and paper goods......................................................
W oolen goods........................................................................
W orsted goods......................................................................
Other in du stries..................................................................
T otal..............................................................................




Per cent of bus­
iness done of
days in
capac­ A verage
operation.
Establish­ maximum
ity
of establish­
m ents.
ments.
1896.
1896.
1897.
1897.
675
12
163
126
360
384
91
117
31
2,736
4, 695

60.40
68.83
79.52
61.06
57.54
59.26
73.81
70.30
68.90
58.06
59.99

59. 78
67.33
81.90
60.93
54.26
57.54
75.32
78.58
84.94
57.71
59.72

284.66
244.64
279.92
288.05
292.85
279.65
267.80
264.69
285.44
282.48
281.03

231.74
243.77
285.15
292.15
275. 70
277.54
272.49
282.90
294.43
284.19
283.33

712

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

The average proportion of business done of the total capacity in all
the establishments in 189G is represented by 59.99 per cent, and in 1897
by 59.72 per cent, a slight decline in the latter year. Five of the 9
leading industries show a decline and 4 an increase in this proportion.
Tiie average number of da}rs in operation in all establishments con­
sidered was 281.03 in 1890 and 283.33 in 1897, a slight increase during
the latter year. Six of the 9 leading industries show an increase in
the average days worked in 1897 and 3 a decrease.
The next table presents, for the year 1897, the actual product per
$1,000 of capital invested in each of the 9 leading industries, the aver­
age product per employee, the percentage of industry product paid in
wages, and the percentage devoted to other expenses:
IN D U S T R Y PR O D U C T, W A G E S , A N D P R O F IT A N D E X P E N S E S IN 9 S P E C IF IE D
I N D U S T R IE S , 1897.
[ B y “ in d u s tr y p r o d u c t ” is m e a n t th e a c t u a l r e s u l t o f th e p r o d u c tiv e fo rc e s in th e i n d u s t r y ; t h a t is ,
th e ad d ed v alu o c r e a te d a b o v e th e v a lu e o f s to c k a n d m a te r ia ls co n s u m e d . T h e v a lu e s p r e s e n te d in
th i s ta b le u n d e r th e d e s ig n a tio n “ i n d u s tr y p r o d u c t ” a r e o b ta in e d b y d e d u c tin g fro m t h e t o t a l v a lu e
o f goo d s m ad e a n d w o rk d one in e a c h in d u s tr y th e v a lu e o f s t o c k u s e d , t h e d iffe re n ce b e in g ad d e d
v a lu o o r a c tu a l p r o d u c t d u e to t h e in d u s tr y . I n t h e d iv isio n o f th e p ro ce e d s o f e a c h in d u s tr y , o n e
p a r t o f th i s i n d u s tr y p r o d u c t is p a id to t h e la b o r f o r c e in th e form o f w a g e s, th is b e in g la b o r ’s s h a r e
o f th e p ro d u c t. T h e b a la n c e c o n s titu te s a fu n d fro m w h ich a r e p a id f r e ig h ts , in s u r a n c e , i n t e r e s t
o n lo a n s (c r e d it c a p ita l), i n t e r e s t ou s to c k (fixed o r in v e s te d c a p ita l), r e n ts , co m m is sio n s, s a la rie s ,
e t c . ; in f a c t , all e x p e n s e s o th e r th a n th o so f o r s to c k a n d w a g e s . T h e re m a in d e r, i f a n v , is t h e p ro fit
o f th e em p lo y er. T h e e n tir e b a la n c e o f t h e in d u s tr y p r o d u c t r e m a in in g a f t e r th e d e d u c tio n o f th e
a m o u n t p aid in w a g e s b ec o m e s a “ p ro fit a n d m in o r e x p e n s e f u n d ,” a n d is t h u s d e s ig n a te d in t h e
ta b le . O f c o u rs e i t w ill b e u n d e rs to o d t h a t th e te r m “ m in o r e x p e n s e ” is r e la tiv e . T h e e x p e i f s e s
p a id o u t o f th is b a la n c e a r o in th e m s e lv e s co n s id e ra b le in a m o u n t, a n d a r e o n ly to b e c la s s e d a s
m in o r in c o m p a riso n w ith tho g e n e r a lly l a r g e r a m o u n ts e x p e n d e d fo r m a te ria ls (s to c k ) a n d w a g e s ]

I n d u s t r y p ro d u c t.
In d u stry
p r o d u c t.

I n d u s tr ie s .

B o o ts an d s h o e s .....................
C a r p e t i n g s ................................
C o tto n g o o d s ...........................
L e a t h e r .......................................
M a c h in e s an d m a c h in e ry .
M e ta ls an d m e ta llic g o o d s .
P a p e r an d p a p e r good s - . .
W o o le n g o o d s .........................
W o r s te d g o o d s .......................

W ag es.

P r o f it and
m in o r e x ­
' A v e ra g e
p e n se fu n d . P e r $1,000
p e r em ­
o f c a p i ta l .1
p lo y e e .

$ 8 1 1 .1 1
$ 3 8 ,7C 1,196 $22, 505, 580 $16, 2 5 5 ,6 1 6 $ 1 ,6 8 4 .2 1
8 6 0 ,9 2 6
53 3 .6 0
3 6 3 .5 0
2 ,4 6 6 ,3 0 5
1 .6 0 5 ,3 7 9
2 6 ,4 6 0 ,4 9 3
9 ,9 6 0 ,1 3 3
4 6 0 .2 6
3 2 9 .1 9
3 6 ,4 2 6 .6 2 6
2, 587, 328
5 ,6 4 2 ,0 1 2
3 ,0 5 4 , 684
746. 36
8 7 9 .7 8
9 ,1 1 6 ,1 9 9
7 ,0 6 4 ,7 4 4
1 6 ,1 8 0 ,9 4 3
586. 81 a l ,0 3 9 .76
6 ,7 0 7 ,3 2 3
5 ,5 1 1 ,0 0 1
607. 35
12 ,2 1 8 , 324
897. S8
3 ,8 0 0 ,7 4 4
4 ,7 4 5 ,0 1 4
931. 21
8 ,5 4 5 ,7 5 8
4 0 7 .1 5
6 ,2 8 5 , 365
4 ,2 7 7 , 660
4 1 6 .0 2
6 2 6 .2 9
10 ,5 6 3 , 025
4 ,9 0 6 , 606
5 7 5 .3 8
7 4 2 .6 1
9 ,4 3 4 ,9 2 0
4 ,5 2 8 ,3 1 4

P e r c e n t a g e o f in ­
d u s tr y p r o d u c t.

P a i d in
w ages.

D e v o te d
to p r o fit
a n d m i­
nor ex­
p en ses.

5 8 .0 6
6 5 .0 9
7 2 .6 4
5 4 .1 4
5 6 .3 4
5 4 .9 0
4 4 .4 8
5 9 .5 0
4 8 .0 0

4 1 .9 4
3 4 .9 1
2 7 .3 6
4 5 .8 6
43. 66
4 5 .1 0
5 5 .5 2
4 0 .5 0
5 2 .0 0

a F i g u r e s h e re a p p a re n tly sh ou ld h e $ 9 3 0 .6 3 ; th o s e g iv e n a re , h o w e v e r, a c c o rd in g to t h e o rig in a l.

Tbe largest industry product per $1,000 of capital invested was
shown in the boot and shoe industry, namely, $1,084.21, while the
smallest, $329.19, was found in the cotton goods industry. When the
percentage of industry product paid in wages is considered, that of
cotton goods leads, with 72.04 per cent, and the paper goods industry
ranks lowest, the percentage being 44.48.




TWELFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE BOARD OF MEDIATION AND
ARBITRATION OF NEW YORK.

Ticelfih Annual Report of the Board of Mediation and Arbitration of the
State of New Yorl\ Transmitted to the Legislature January 9,1899.
Henry 0. Johnson, W. H. H. Webster, and William Purcell, Com­
missioners. 48 pp.
The present rej)ort contains a brief r6sum<$ of the character and duties
of the board of mediation and arbitration and a review of some of its
most important work during the year ending October 31,1898. During
this period the board obtained information of 271 strikes and lockouts.
These were distributed as follows among the different occupations:
S T R IK E S

AND

LO C K O U TS IN

Occupations.

Strikes
and
lockouts.

A etn r s________________
Bakers _____________
Bell b oys. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B icycle w orks.......... .
Bill posters. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rox m ak ers............ .........
BrafiS workers________ Brickm akers. . . . . . . . . . .
Buffers_______________
Building tra d es_______
Button m akers________
Cab d riv ers......................
Cabinetm akers................
Caisson workers_______
Canal laborers________
Cap m ak ers___________
Car builders......................
Cement workers’ helpers
Chewing gum m akers..
Cigarette makers______
Cigar m akers....................
C oopers_______________
Core m akers___________
Electrical appliance
m akers..........................




N E W Y O R K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D U R IN G
E N D I N G O C T O B E R 31, 1898.

Occupations.

Garment workers . . . . .
Glass workers........ .......
Gold b ea ters..................
Hammock and tent
m akers..........................
Handkerchief m akers.
H at and cap m akers...
3 Horseshoe m akers........
1
Ice handlers__. . . __ _
81 Iron m olders..................
1
Iron workers__. . . . . . .
1
K nee stakers..................
K nitting mill em­
1
1
ployees . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26
L aborers..........................
2
Laundry workers. . . . . .
1
L in em en ..........................
1
Longshorem en__. . . . .
1
Lumber shovers............
5
M achinists....................
7
Metal polishers..............
3
M olders............ ..
1
P lu m b ers................ .
Printing trades..............
Quarry men......................
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1

Strikes
and
lockouts.

THE YEA R

Strikes
aud
lockouts.

Occupations.

32 Railway em ployees... .
1
Salesm en_____________
1
Shirt m ak ers..................
Shoo workers..............__
1
Silk w ea v ers..................
2
S p in n ers..........................
1
Stage carpenters_____
1
Stage h an d s....................
Stonecutters__________
2
1
Stonew orkers________
1
Street railway em­
1
ployees ..........................
Suede w heel operators.
T eam sters___________
10
9
U sh e rs........ ....................
V elvet w eavers..............
5
1
W a iters............................
3 W aitresses....................
1
W ea v ers..........................
1
Wood bundlers..............
2
4
T otal......................
1
13
1

713

1
2
1

4
3
1
1
2

3
2
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
271

RECENT FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS.

AUSTRIA.
Die Arbeitseinstellungen und Aussperrungen im Geicerbebetriebe in
Osterreich wahrend des Jahres 1897. Herausgegeben vom k. k..Arbeitsstatistischen Amte im Handelsministerium. 392 pp.
The present report on strikes and lockouts in Austria for the year
.1897 is the first of this series published by the recently created bureau
of labor' statistics of the Austrian ministry of commerce. The scope
of this report is similar to the reports published for previous years by
the Austrian bureau of statistics. The data are presented in a series
of six tables* containing (1 ) strikes according to geographical distribu­
tion, (2), strikes according to industries, (3) general summary of strikes,
(4) comparative figures for 1894 to 1897, (5) details of each individual
strike, and (6 ) details of each lockout. These tables are preceded by
an analysis. An appendix contains a brief review of industrial con­
ditions in 1897, tables showing contributions of trade unions in aid of
strikes, and copies of papers and documents relating to strikes and,
lockouts in 1897.
Strikes.—The year 1897 shows a considerable falling off in the num­
ber of strikes, establishments affected, strikers involved, and days lost
on account of strikes. This is shown in the following table, giving the
aggregate results for each of the years 1891 to 1897:
STRIKES, BY Y EA R S, 1891 TO 1897.
Year.
1891.................................................................. .........................
1892 ............................................................................................
189,3 ......................................................................................
1894............................................................................................
1895 ............................................................................................
1896 ............................................................................................
1897 ............................................................................................

Per cent
Estab­
of strik­
Strikes. lishm ents Strikers. ers of Days lost.
involved.
total em­
ployees.
104
101
172
159
205
294
221

1 917
1, 519
1, 207
2, 468
869
1,403
819

14, 025
14,123
28,120
44, 075
28, 026
36,114
34, 835

34. 64
57.36
61.75
72. 59
60.88
63. 33
64.11

247,086
150, 992
518; 511
566, 463
297, 845
595, 768
354,922

There were, in 1897, 221 strikes, affecting 819 establishments and
involving 37,456 employees. Of the latter 34,835 were strikers and
2,621 were others thrown out of employment on account of the strikes.
The strikers represented 64.11 per cent of all emjdoyees in the estab­
lishments considered. A total of 32,156 strikers were reemployed and
1,497 new employees took the places of strikers. These items are shown
by industries in the following table.
714




715

FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS----AUSTRIA.
S T R I K E S . B Y I N D U S T R I E S , 1897.
S tr ik e r s .

I n d u s tr ie s

E s t a b ­ T o ta l
lis h ­ e m p lo y ­
N um ­
m e n ts .
ees.
b e r.

S tr ik e s .

S to n e, g la s s , ch in a, an d e a r th e n ­
w a re ............................................................
M e ta ls an d m e ta llic g o o d s ..............
M a c h in e r y an d i n s t r u m e n t s ..........
W o o d e n an d c a o u tc h o u c g o o d s . . .
L e a th e r , h id es, b ru s h e s ,
and
f e a t h e r s ..................... - ......................
T e x t i l e s .......................................................
W e a r i n g a p p a re l an d m i l l i n e r y . .
.........................................................
F o o d p r o d u c t s ..........................................
C h em ical p r o d u c t s .................................
B u ild in g t r a d e s .......................................
P r i n t i n g and p u b lis h in g . . . . . . . . .
f Vi I'M-w ere a . __________ _ ________
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n .......................................

Paper

S tenograp h ers_____ _______ ______ i
T o t a l ................................................ |

O th e rs
N ew
th ro w n S tr ik e r s e m p lo y ­
Per
reem ­
cen t of o u t o f
ee s
to ta l e m p lo y ­ p lo y ed .
a fte r
e m p lo y ­ m e n t.
strik e s .
ees.

27
20
20
28

67
169
20
120

4 ,9 9 5
2 ,5 2 8
8 ,0 2 5
1 ,8 9 5

3 ,0 5 3
1 ,5 6 8
4, 689
1 ,3 8 2

11
28
11
3
8
7
34
5
7
5
1

22
41
42
3
118
7
74
8
122
5
1

1 .1 4 8
1 5 ,0G2
471
1 ,1 4 7
2 ,4 7 4
486
1 0 ,2 4 4
329
2 ,9 4 0
3 ,5 7 6
13

834
11, 275
300
1 ,0 2 6
1, 519
287
4 ,9 9 5
144
1 ,1 2 1
2, 629
13

819

5 4 ,3 3 3

3 4 ,8 2 5 | 6 4 .1 1

221 |

a F i g u r e s h e r e a p p a re n tly sh ou ld be 6 2 .0 3 ;
b F i g u r e s h e re a p p a re n tly sh ou ld h e 7 2 .9 3 ;

6 1 .1 2
0 2 .0 1
5 8 .4 3
b 7 2 .9 0

2 ,7 8 5
1 ,3 2 3
4, 275
1 ,1 3 3

114
180
145
222
6
359
42

122

8C6
10, 588
243
1 ,0 2 2
1 ,4 2 2
252
4 ,5 2 3
83
1, 090
2, 611

2, 621

3 2 ,1 5 6

1, 497

500
83
130
96

a

7 2 .6 5
7 4 .8 6
6 3 .6 9
8 9 .4 5
6 1 .4 0
59. 05
48. 76
43. 77
5 7 .7 8
7 3 .5 2
100. 00

1 ,3 9 5
3
24
15
4
249

78
35
201
58
26
18
13

th o s e g iv e n , h o w e v e r, a r e a c c o r d in g to th e o rig in a l.
th o s e g ive n , h o w e v e r, a r e a c c o r d in g to th e o rig in a l.

Of the 15 industries represented that of textiles shows the largest
number of strikers, namely, 11,275, or 32.37 per cent of all the strikers
reported. Next in importance with regard to the number of strikers
were the building trades with 4,995, or 14.34 per cent, and machinery
and instruments with 4,689, or 13.46 per cent of the total number.
The following tabl8 shows for the years 1894 to 1897 the percentage of
strikers and of days lost in each of the seven groups of industries most
extensively affected by strikes and in the remaining eight groups of
industries collectively:
P E R C S N T x Y G E O F S T R I K E R S A N D O F D A T S L O S T , B Y I N D U S T R I E S , 1394 TO 1897.
P e r c e n t o f d a y s lo s t.

P e r c e n t o f s tr ik e r s .
I n d u s tr ie s .

S ton e, g la s s , c h in a , an d e a r th e n ­
w a r e ................................................................
M e ta ls an d m e ta llic g o o d s ...................
M a c h in e r y an d i n s t r u m e n t s ..............
W o o d e n a n d c a o u tc h o u c g o o d s ___
T e x t i l e s ............................................................
F o o d p r o d u c t s ..............................................
B u ild in g t r a d e s ............................................
O th e r in d u s tr ie s .........................................
T o t a l .....................................................

1394.

1S95.

1896.

1897.

1894.

1895.

1896.

14.
6.
3.
22.
14.
4.
33.
1.

35. 48
1 3 .1 8
1 .0 5
8. 34
1 4 .5 8
2 .4 1
1 9 .1 3
5. 83

8. 91
8 .2 3
5. 70
1 6 .5 4
2 7 .1 1
.9 9
1 5 .0 5
1 7 .4 7

8. 76
4. 50
1 3 .4 6
3 .9 7
3 2 .3 7
4 .3 6
1 4 .3 4
1 8 .2 4

5 .4 8
6 .6 9
.2 9
4 9 .8 5
8. 05
.1 6
2 3 .1 4
6. 34

3 1 .1 8
18. 35
.5 6
18. 24
11. 36
.3 8
9 .5 8
1 0 .3 5

7 .9 8
7. 36
7 .5 4
2 5 .4 1
3 9 .4 4
.2 1
4 .1 3
7. 93

17. 20
1 2 .8 8
1 1 .7 5
4 .6 1
2 7 .4 3
1 .9 9
1 0 .7 3
13. 33

1 0 0 .0 0 j 1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

1 0 0 .0 0

100. 00

55
24
02
21
33
66
98
01

10 0 .0 0

1897.

Of the entire number of strikers 25,644, or 73.62 per cent, were
males, and 9,191, or 26.38 per cent, were females; 22,231, or 63.82 per
cent, were skilled employees, 11,630, or 33.39 per cent, were unskilled
laborers, and 974, or 2.79 per cent, were apprentices.
The duration of strikes in 1897 for each industry is shown by 10-day
periods in the following table.



BULLETIN OP THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

716

D U R A T IO N OF STRIKES, B Y IN D U ST R IE S, 1897.
10 days 31 to 20 21 to 30 33 to 40 43 to 50 51 to 60 Over 60 Total.
or less. days. days. days. days. days. days.

Industries.
Stone, glass, cliina, and earthen­
ware ........................................................
M etals and metallic good s................
M achinery and instrum ents............
W ooden and caoutchouc g o o d s----Leather,hides,brushes,and feathers
T e x tile s ....................................................
W earing apparel and m illinery----Paper.......... ...............................................
Food products........................................
Chemical products...............................
Building trades............ .........................
Printing and publishing.....................
Com merce...............................................
Transportation................ .....................
Stenographers.......................................
T o ta l..............................................

18
16
13
14
5
19
7
3
5
6
30
4
6
5
1
152

3
3
4
7
1
3
3
2
1
2
1

2
2
4
3
3

30

37

1
1
1
1

1
2
1

27
26
20
28
11
28
11
3
8
7
34
5
7
5

3
3
2
1
1

1
2

1
2

1

1

5

4

10

3

Tlie strikes were mostly of sliort duration. Of the 221 strikes re­
ported 152, or G8.78 per cent, lasted 10 days or less, while but 10 strikes
lasted over 60 days. The longest strike reported continued for 211
days. The average duration of strikes was 13.20 days.
In presenting strikes by causes, the cause and not the strike is made
the unit, and the figures, therefore, show the number of times that each
cause figured as an incentive to a strike, regardless of the actual num­
ber of strikes. Thus in 1897 there were 221 strikes, while 303 causes
are enumerated. The following table shows the causes of strikes by
industries:
CAUSES OF STRIKES, BY UYDUSTKIES, 1837.

Industries.

Stone,
glass,
china,
and
earthenware ..
M etals and me­
tallic goods----M achinery and
instrum ents ...
Wooden
and
caoutchouc
goods..................
Leather,' hides,
brushes, and
fea th er s............
T e x tile s................
W earin g apparel
and m illin ery..
Paper . ................
Food p rod u cts...
Chemical prod­
ucts ....................
Building trades..
P rinting
and
publishing........
Com m erce............
Transportation .
Stenographers
T o ta l..........

A gainst
reduc­
tion of
wages.

For
regu­
larity
For or
in­
crease change
in
of
wages. •meth­
od of
pay­
ment.

2
1
5

1
2

10

8

1

2

6
11
6
1
5
4
22
3
6
3

3

2
2

3

9
14
G

2
1
5
1

24




A gainst A gainst
d is­ A gainst
obnox­ charge
obnox­
ious
of
ious
treat­ employ­
rules.
ment.
ees.

4
7
3

7
4
2

2

2

For
For dis­
reduc­ charge
tion of of
hours. fore­
men.

106

1

1

4
2
8
1
1

7

44

3

1
1
1
2
1
19

1
1
1
i
1
13

4
4
4

4
5

4
2

6
6

39
38
26

4

32

2
7
1
2
3

17
38
15
5
16
10
43
8
8
7
1
303

1
1

4
3
1
3
1
1

For
dis­
charge Other To­
of em­ causes. tal.
ploy­
ees.

1

2
1
1
1

1 !................
1|
i
i
27
17

7

5
2
1
39

717

FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS— AUSTRIA.

The most frequent cause of strikes in 1897 was the demand for
increased wages. Next in importance was the demand for reduced
hours of labor. Of the demands relating to wages, 17.69 per cent were
successful, 36.73 per cent were partly successful, and 45.58 per cent
were unsuccessful. Of the demands relating to hours of labor, 17.91
per cent were successful, 29.85 per cent were partly successful, and
52.24 per cent were unsuccessful.
The following table shows the results of strikes in 1897, classified
according to industries:
R ESULTS 02T STR IK ES, BY IN D U ST R IE S, 1897.
Industries.

Railed.
Succeeded.
Succeeded partly.
Total.
Strikes,
jStrikers.
Strikes, iStrikers. Strikes. Istrikers.
Strikes. Strikers.
i

Stone, glass, china, and
4
440
earthenw are........................
6
123
M etals and m etallic goods .
Machinery and instru­
4 2,370
m ents......................................
Wooden and caoutchouc
4
231
goods ......................................
Leather, hides, brushes,
and feath ers. . . . . . . . . . . . .
G
788
T e x tile s ....................................
W earing apparel and m il­
40
2
linery......................................
Paper____________________
................
!.................
Rood products.......... ..
2 1 125
Chemical products................
9
843
Building trades......................
Printing and publishing
I
riiimmftrftfl _______________
285
1|
T ransportation......................
Stenographers........................
i................
38 5, 245
T o ta l..............................

9
9
5
11
7
11
6
1
5
2
9
1
3
2

1,939
1, 272
1,395
948
722
2,357
215
439
1,194
56
3,393
59
800
2,190

81 | 16,979 |

14
11
31
13
4
11
3
2
3
3
36
4
4
2
1
102

674
173
924
203
112
8,130
45
587
325
106
759
85
321
154
13
12,611

27
26
20
28
31
28
11
3
8
7
34
5
7
5
1
223

3,053
1, 568
4,689
1,382
834
11,275
300
1,026
1,519
287
4,995
144
1,121
2,629
13
34,835

Of the 221 strikes reported, 38 were successful, 81 were partly suc­
cessful, and 102 were failures. Of the strikers involved, 5,245 succeeded,
16,979 succeeded partly, and 12,611 failed.
L o ck o uts .— Lockouts were reported in 11 establishments, affecting
1.544 out of a total of 2,937 employees. The prevailing cause of lock­
outs was the observance of Labor Day (May 1) by emx>loyees. Of the
1.544 persons locked out, 1,507 were reemployed, 30 were dismissed,
and 7 failed to return.
BELGIUM.
Travail du Dimanehe: Consultation des conseils de VIndustrie et du
travail enquSte dans les grands magasins consultation de VAssociation
pour le repos du dimanehe en Belgique. Volume JV. Office du Tra­
vail, Ministere de PIndustrie et du Travail. 1898. lxxx, 332 pp.
The present volume is one of a series of reports published by the Bel­
gian labor bureau, showing the results of an investigation regarding
the nature, frequency, and causes of Sunday labor. Volumes I and II
relate to investigations conducted on this subject by factory inspectors
in industrial establishments, Volume III to investigations by mining
10493—No. 21----- 7

,




,

718

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

engineers in mines and quarries, and Volume V, which was the second
of the series published, relates to Sunday labor in Germany, Austria,
Switzerland, and England. These reports have been reviewed in pre­
vious numbers of the Bulletin.
The present report, Volume IV, contains (1) information furnished
by the councils of industry and labor regarding Sunday labor in indus­
trial establishments, (2) facts collected regarding Sunday work in large
stores, and (3) communications received from the Association for Sun­
day Best in Belgium. Information was also requested of industrial and
commercial associations, but without success.
The responses of the councils of industry and labor refer to the same
items of inquiry and cover the same kind of industries as the informa­
tion obtained by factory inspectors and mining engineers, and they
serve to complete the data presented in Volumes I, II, and III. Returns
were received from 237 sections of councils of industry and labor.
These responses were grouped by industries and presented in the form
of 97 monographs, each monograph representing an industry. No
summary was made of the information thus collected.
The investigation of Sunday work in large stores was conducted by
agents selected by the governors of the different provinces, at the
request of the ministry of industry and labor. The inquiry was intended
to cover only those large stores which employ a considerable number of
persons on Sunday, and it does not, therefore, give any idea of the
proportion of establishments which were open or closed on that day.
Notwithstanding this intention, 55 establishments in which no Sunday
work was carried on were included in the report. The information
regarding large stores shows the frequency, duration, and causes of
Sunday work and the conditions under which it was carried on. As in
the other volumes, the facts are presented in the form of statistical
tables and brief monographs.
Returns were received regarding 444 establishments, in 377 of which
Sunday work was carried on regularly; in 3, both regularly and irreg­
ularly; and in 9 stores the Sunday work was only of an irregular
nature. In 55 stores returned, no Sunday work was carried on.
The most important result shown by this inqury is the number of
employees taking part in regular Sunday work. Of the 380 establish­
ments in which persons were employed every Sunday, there were 11 for
which the maximum number of employees only could be shown and
one case where the number was not reported. The results as presented
show that of 4,929 persons considered in this inquiry, 2,837, or 57.50
per cent, did regular Sunday work. This number represents 77.79 per
cent of the persons employed during the week in establishments reg­
ularly in operation on Sunday. In the case of 536 of these employees
a system of rotation was in use whereby the same individuals worked
on every other or every third Sunday, or only on a fixed number of
Sundays during the year.



FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS----BELGIUM.

719

There were 207 employees working irregularly on Sunday, 175 of
whom worked on only one Sunday during the year, while 32 were more
frequently engaged in Sunday work. The remaining 1,885 employees
considered in this investigation were never required to do Sunday
work.
As regards the causes of regular Sunday work, most of the stores
reported that they must keep open on Sunday in order to satisfy their
customers who are usually either working people who prefer to buy on
Sunday, or are persons living at a distance and who can not come into
town during week days. In some of the cases the reasons given were
the necessity to fill urgent orders, as in the case of clothing, mill and
brewery products, natural flowers, periodicals, etc. In other cases per­
ishable goods had to be cared for or delivered on Sundays.
Irregular Sunday work in stores was chiefly necessitated by the
annual stock taking or by urgent orders requiring attention during the
busy season.
The concluding chapter of this report consists of responses received
from four local sections of the Association for Sunday Best in Belgium.
The responses relate to tlie questions (1) whether Sunday labor was
customary in local commerce, and (2) whether the closing of stores on
Sunday should be left to the voluntary cooperation of the merchants or
should be regulated by law. As to the first question the responses
show that while manufacturing establishments are generally closed, the
stores are usually open on Sunday. Some progress, however, was
reported in the direction of voluntary Sunday closing. With regard
to the second question the responses vary, but the prevailing opinion
appears to be in favor of the regulation of Sunday work by legislation.
FBANCE.
Les Gaisses Patrona les de Petraites des JEtablissements IndustrieIs. Office
du Travail, Ministere du Commerce, de Flndustrie, des Postes et des
Tel£graphes. 1808. vi, 137 pp.
The above work of the French labor bureau is a report on employers’
superannuation funds in manufacturing establishments, undertaken by
direction of the committee on provident and social insurance institutions
of the French Chamber of Deputies. The object of the investigation
was to ascertain the number of superannuation funds instituted by
employers for the benefit of the working people, the nature of these
funds, and the results of their operations. Although the investigation
proper was limited to establishments which came under the jurisdiction
of factory inspectors in 1896 and 1897, in other words, factories and
workshops, the report also contains a review of superannuation funds
for employees in transportation industries, and brief accounts of such
institutions in mines and Government manufactories. An appendix
relates to the retirement of civilians in military establishments, road
laborers, and sailors on merchant and fishing vessels.



720

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

The report on private superannuation funds in factories and work­
shops divides the funds into two classes, namely, (1) separate funds
subsidized either entirely or in part by the respective employers, and
(2) arrangements whereby the employers’ contributions are placed to
the individual credit of each employee who has an account in the
National Old-age Insurance Bank.
The first named of these two classes of funds are usually defective
in their financial organization because they are not based on the lon­
gevity tables. They exist from day to day and are exposed to the risk
of not being in condition to meet their obligations. Often these funds
exist in name only, the pensions being paid directly by the establish­
ment without the creation of any special fund. The statistics presented
regarding these funds show for each establishment considered the
industry, the number of employees, the number of participants in the
fund, the number of pensioners, age limit for eligibility to pensions,
minimum length of service or membership required, pension rates, con­
tributions of employers and of members toward the fund, amounts
expended for pensions, and a few other items. The report shows that,
in 1890, 84 funds of this character existed in 135 establishments. Of
80,388 employees in these establishments, 73,892 were participants in
the superannuation funds. On January 1, 1895, 3,021 persons were
receiving pensions from these private pension funds.
An age limit was prescribed for eligibility to pension allowances in
the case of 48 funds in 94 establishments affecting 50,378 participants.
This limit was most frequently 00 years, although under various con­
ditions it ranged from 39 to 70 years in different establishments. A
minimum limit of service, as a condition of eligibility, was prescribed in
the case of 03 funds in 112 establishments affecting 01,480 participants.
Tills limit of service varied from 3 to 40 years, the periods most fre­
quently prescribed being 20, 25, and 30 years. Upon the death of the
pensioner the pension reverted to the widow or orphans in the case of
14 funds in 27 establishments having 9,499 participants. As regards
premature invalidity, 19 funds granted pensions in all cases of invalidity,
and in 3 cases the granting of pensions on account of premature invalid­
ity was optional with the establishment. Twenty-three of the funds,
having 12,000 participants, received contributions from employees, all
the rest being exclusively maintained by the employers. During 1894,
1,043,054 francs ($201,309) were paid in pensions out of funds of this
class.
The other class of suxaerannuation funds considered in the investiga­
tion proper conrprises those possessing a system whereby the employers’
allowances are paid on the individual accounts of employees in the
National Old-age Insurance Bank. The arrangement in this case con­
sists in the payment of regular allowances by employers, the chief
object of which is to encourage employees to make similar payments in
this bank. Statistics regarding this class show the number and indus­



FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS— FRANCE.

721

try of the establishments considered, total employees, number receiving
allowances on their accounts, rate or amount of employers’ allowances
and employees’ deposits, total amount deposited in 1896, and other
information. The inquiry covered only those institutions wherein the
employers made actual contributions and did not include those where
they acted only as intermediaries.
The report shows that there were 63 institutions of this character in
72 establishments, employing 10,491 persons. Of the latter, 25,128 had
accounts in the National Old-age Insurance Bank, and profited by these
arrangements on the part of employers. The payments in the bank
were sometimes made simultaneously by the employers and employees,
and sometimes exclusively by the former. In 19 cases, comprising 21
establishments and 18,629 participants, employers alone made the
deposits, while in 44 cases, comprising 51 establishments and 6,499
employees, payments were made by both parties. In 8 cases the
arrangements made it obligatory for employees, members of aid funds,
or profit sharers to make deposits in the National Old-age Insurance
Bank. The amounts payable were fixed in cases where payments were
obligatory, while in other cases a minimum rate was indicated toward
which employers would contribute. In 20 of the 44 cases mentioned
both parties contributed equally within certain limits; in 11 the
employers paid more and in 5 less than the employees, and in 8 cases
there was no fixed relation between the payments of the parties.
In 62 institutions of this character, embracing 70 establishments,
there were, in 1890,25,008 accounts with the National Old-age Insurance
Bank, representing a total deposit of 1,108,033 francs ($213,850) dur­
ing the year. Of this sum 564,962 francs ($109,037) was alienated and
543,071 francs ($104,813) was reserved capital. The average amount
per account deposited during the year was 44.30 francs ($8.55).
A summary of the above data shows that there were 201 private
manufacturing establishments where employers contributed either
wholly or in part toward the maintenance of superannuation funds for
their employees. A total of 98,656 employees were affected by these
funds. The reports of factory inspectors show that in 1896 there were
296,797 establishments of this character in Trance, employing 2,656,074
persons, so that the above figures represent but 0.07 per cent of all
private manufacturing establishments, and 3.71 per cent of all employees.
In the case of 6 establishments and 364 participants both classes of
funds were simultaneously in operation.
The 98,656 participants in superannuation funds in private factories
and workshops, which are considered in the report proper, constitute
but a small proportion of all employees in France who are benefited
by such institutions. There were, in addition to the above, 17,240
employees of State match and tobacco factories who were provided
with individual accounts in the National Old-age Insurance Bank;
165,378 participants in employers’ superannuation funds in mining



722

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

establishments, and 195,777 participants in sacli funds in the trans­
portation service. These, together with the sailors in the merchant
marine and fishery service, Government employees on public roads,
and civilians in military workshops, for whom provision is made in
case of superannuation, make a total in round numbers of 660,000 par­
ticipants in employers’ superannuation institutions in France. This
number represents, however, not more than 17 per cent of all employees
in the country who come under the various categories mentioned.
GBEAT BRITAIN.
Tenth Report on Trade Unions in Great Britain and Ireland, 1897.
Ixxiv, 268 pp. (Published by the Labor Department of the British
Board of Trade.)
The present report brings the information regarding the number and
membership of all trade unions, trade councils, and federations of
trade unions and of trade councils in Great Britain and Ireland up
to the end of the year 1897. It also shows the financial condition of
of the principal trade unions at that time and their income and
expenditure during 1897. The information is presented in the form
of detailed tables showing the returns for the years 1892 to 1897
for each trade union, arranged according to industries. These tables
are preceded by an analysis and a series of summary tables. In
the body of the report only those trade unions are considered, which
furnished returns for all the six years. The rest, which were few and
unimportant, are separately shown in an appendix.
The number of trade unions making complete returns for 1897 was
1,287. Fifty-two new trade unions, with a membership of 34,259 persons,
were formed during 1897, and 35 unions, with a membership of 2,141,
were dissolved. Fifty-five unions were amalgamated into 17 during
the year. The net result of these changes was a decrease of 21 in the
number of trade unions. The unions returned had 13,335 branches and
1,609,909 members, showing an increase of 118,902 in the membership
as compared with 1896. The bulk of the trade-union membership was
found in large unions, 87 per cent of the aggregate belonging to unions
consisting of 1,000 members or over. The 25 largest unions had a
total membership of 845,530, or over one-half of the entire membership
of the 1,287 unions reporting.
Of the 1,609,909 members of trade unions returned at the end of 1897,
1,490,134, or 93 per cent, were males, and 119,775, or 7 per cent, were
females. Of the 1,287 unions, 25 were composed exclusively of women,
and* 114 were mixed unions. Over 91 per cent of all female trade
unionists were engaged in textile trades.
The following tables show the number and membership of trade
unions, by groups of industries, for the six years 1892 to 1897, inclusive.
100




723

FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS— GREAT BRITAIN.

N U3IBER OF TR A D E U NIO N S, B Y GROUPS OF IN D U ST R IE S, 1892 TO 18D7.
[In this tabulation only those trade unions were considered which furnished returns for all of the six
years included in this period.]
Year.
1892..........
1893..........
1894..........
1895..........
1896..........
1897..........

1
Metal,
Trans­ Print­
M ining engiBuild­ and Ineering, Textile. Cloth­ porta­
ing,
tion
ing.
ing. quarry- jand sliip(land paper,
building.
and sea). etc.
! i“g_______11
41
61
218
51
73
293
97
280
64
223
45
55
.101
77
43
282
233
65
55
125
78
66
242
47
54
278
127
78
242
55
283
51
63
134
77
48
65
244
64
54
272 !
138
1
1

W ood­
work­ M iscel­
ing and laneous.
1 Total.
furnish­
ing1
107
113
114
117
116
115

1

1,203
1,250
1,290
1,303
1, 308
1,287

262
286
295
294
287
287

M EM BERSH IP OF T R A D E U NIO NS, BY GROUPS OF IN D U STR IES, 1892 TO L897.
[In this tabulation only those trade unions were considered which furnished returns for all of the six
years included in this period.]
Year.

Metal,
Trans­
M ining engi­
Build­ and neering, Textile. Cloth­ porta­
tion
ing.
ing. quarry­ and ship­
(land
build­
ing.
and
sea).
ing.

315,098
1892
160.358
.......................
1893 . . . . 175, 370 318,142
181,679 307, 771
1891
279. 559
182,003
1895
.......................
278,490
1896
.......................
• 196,359
282, 432
j 219,072
1897
.......................

277,834
265, 0»2
262,802
267, 313
302,151
317, 518

204,125
205, 516
215,120
218, 443
218,119
217,217

83,033
80, 580
81,59L
78,361
76, 708
75.617

153,937
141, 839
123,316
119, 896
134, 366
183, 418

Print­
ing,
paper,
etc.
45, 313
46, 744
47, 884
49, 016
50, 912
52, 527

Wood­
work­ M iscel­
ing and laneous.
furnish­
ing.
31, 674
31, 732
30,815
31,698
36, 469
38, -tUl

229, 079
213,509
186, 757
178,609
197,433
223, 707

Total.
1,500,451
1,478,474
1,437,765
1,404,898
1,491,007
1, 609,909

Of tlie industries enumerated above all but the textile and clothing
trades show an increase in trade-union membershix> during the year,
and even in the case of these exceptions the decrease was but slight.
The largest membership (317,518) was reported by the group of metal,
engineering, and shipbuilding. Next in order were the groups of min­
ing and quarrying, with 282,132, and of building trades, with 210,072
members.
The financial operations and benefit features of trade unions are
shown for only 100 of the leading organizations. These in 1897 com­
prised 1,059,609, or 66 x>er cent of the total trade-union membership
reported. The following comparative statement shows the financial
ox>erations of the 100 x>nncipal trade unions for the six years 1892 to
1897:
F IN A N C IA L OPERATIONS OF ICO P R IN C IPA L T RA DE UNIONS, 1892 TO 1897.
Year.
1892.................................................................................................
1893 ..............................................................................................
1894.................................................................................................
1895.................................................................................................
1896.................................................................................................
1897.................................................................................................




Members
at end of
year.

Income.

Funds on
Expendi­ handatend
ture.
of year.

903,981 $7, 085,064 $6, 902,210
910,119 7, 856, 375 8,994,066
924,584 7, 930, 205 6, 977,914
914,766 7,580, 386 6,767,924
961,026 8,144,433 6, 002, 799
1, 059, 609 9,645; 262 9,227, 234

$7,877,842
6,740.151
7, 692,442
8,504,905
10,646,539
11, 064,567

724

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

While a steady growth is shown both in membership and financial
operations, the increase in the income and expenditures was relatively
greater than that of membership. In 1897 there was an exceptional
increase in expenditures, due very largely to the engineering dispute
which occurred during that year.
A comparison of the items of expenditure during the six-year period
shows a steady growth of expenditure on superannuation, a compara-'
tively uniform cost per head for sickness, accident, and funeral benefits,
and marked variations in the expenditures for dispute and unemployed
benefits. These points are brought out by the two following tables:
E X PEN D IT U R E S OF 100 P R IN C IPA L TRADE U NIO N S ON V ARIO US B E N E F IT S, ETC.,
1892 TO 1897.
Tear.

Unem­
ployed,
traveling, Dispute
and emigra benefit.
(a)
tion benefit.
(a)

1892
1893
1894
1895
*1890..........
1897..........

Other
Sick and Superan­ Funeral bene tits W orking
accident nuation benefit.
and
and other
benefit. benefit.
grantsto expenses.
members.

$1,
710, 633 $1,715,441 $1, 023,148 $498, 485 $333,788 $382,906 $1, 237, 809
.......................
2,250,701 2, 845, 929 1,175. 931 547,910 366, 657 584, 627 1, 222, 251
.......................
779,419 1,120, 429 595,825 341,161 665. 226 1,231, 478
2, 244, 370
.......................
907,135 1,284, 590 641,702 372,010 220, 282 1,219,272
2,122, 933
.......................
748, 988 1, 200, 994 693,564 369,163 301,704 1, 304, 324
1, 384, 062
2,109,
628 1, 312, 904 740, 715 399,812 539, 602 1,485, 840
2, 638, 733

Total.
$6, 902, 210
8, 994, 066
6, 977,914
6,767,924
6, 002, 799
9, 227, 234

a-In a few cases it was not possible to separate a certain amount of dispute benefit from unemployed
benefit.
E X P E N D IT U R E S PE E MEM BER OF 100 P R IN C IPA L TRADE U NIO N S ON V AR IO U S
B E N E FIT S, ETC., 1892 TO 1897.
[The expenditure per member is calculated throughout on the basis of the total membership of the
100 principal trade unions, and not on the membership of the nnions paying the particular classes
of benefits.]
Unem­
ployed,
D ispute
traveling,
Tear. and emigra­ benefit.
tion benefit. ! (a)
(a)

1892
1893
1894
1895
1890..........
1897..........

$1.89
.......................
2.48
.......................
2.43
.......................
2.
32
.......................
1.44
2.49

$1.90
3.13
.84
.99
.78
1.99

Other
Sick and Superan­ Funeral benefits W orking
and
and other
accident nuation benefit.
benefit. benefit.
grants to expenses.
!mem hers.
$1.13
1.29
1.22
1. 41
1. 25
1.24

$0. 55
.60
. 65
.70
.72
.70

$0. 37
.40
.37
.41
.39
.38

$0. 42
.64
.72
.24
.31
.51

$1.37
1.34
1.33
1.33
1.36
1.40

Total.
$7.63
9. 88
7. 56
7. 40
6. 25
8.71

a In a few cases it was not possible to sexmrate a certain amount of dispute benefit from unemployed
benefit.

The expenditure per head for unemployed, traveling, and emigration
benefit purposes was greater in 1897 than in any of the five preceding
years, and the expenditure for 1897 for dispute benefits was only
exceeded in 1893.
Of all the industries represented in the tabulations, the group of
metal, engineering, and shipbuilding incurred the greatest expenditure
for unemployed and. dispute benefits. The total expenditure shown
for this group of industries for these two items was £685,311 ($3,335,066)
in 1897, or 70 per cent of the aggregate expenditures for such purposes



725

FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS— GREAT BRITAIN.

of the 100 leading unions. In 1896 the trade unions represented in
this group expended but £166?778 ($811,625) for unemployed and dis­
pute benefits. The abnormal conditions in 1897 were due, as stated
above, to a strike of unusual magnitude which occurred during that
year.
Other forms of labor organizations considered in this report are trade
councils and federations of trade unions. Trade councils are defined
as “purely consultative bodies without power to direct the action of the
unions represented on them, or to levy funds in aid of those on strike,
or for other purposes.” For the purposes of the present report a federa­
tion is “ an association either of trade societies connected with the same
industry or of societies belonging to several industries with varying
degrees of relationship.”
The following summary shows the distribution of federations accord­
ing to groups of industries and the trade councils for the years 1891 to
1897, inclusive:
F E D E R A T I O N S O F T R A D E U N I O N S A N D T R A D E C O U N C IL S , 1894 T O 1897.
1894.
G rou p s o f in d u s tr ie s .

F e d e r a tio n o f tr a d e u n io n s :
B u ild in g t r a d e s ..............
l i n i n g an d q u a r r y in g .
M e ta l, e n g in e e rin g , i:nd
s h ip b u ild in g ...................
T e x t i l e s .................................
T r a n s p o r ta tio n (land
an d s e a ) ............................
P r in tin g , p a p e r, e t c ----W o o d w o rk in g an d f urn i s h i n g ..............................
E n g i n e m e n .........................
O th e r t r a d e s .......................
T o t a l ...................................
T r a d e c o u n c ils ............................

N um ­
ber.

1895.

M e m b e r­
sh ip .

N um ­
b e r.

1896.

M e m b e r­
sh ip .

N um ­
b er.

1897.

M e m b e r­
sh ip .

N um ­
b er.

M e m b e r­
sh ip .

34
14

9 5 ,9 0 8
470, 807

41
14

9 5 ,0 2 4
4 1 7 ,3 2 8

38
13

74.821
4 0 1 ,9 1 6

38
12

9 2 ,1 6 2
361 ,1 8 2

14
19

180. 961
304 ,5 0 7

15
19

191, 098
2 9 8 ,8 0 2

16
19

207, 759
1 7 8 ,4 3 4

16
20

2 1 2 ,4 1 6
2 6 9 ,1 9 8

3
5

1 9 ,3 0 0
28, 008

2
5

23, 716
29, 820

3
8

57, 820
32, 595

6
8

73, 924
34, 318

9
4
4

1 2 ,5 0 8
1 0 ,0 6 6
4, lu2

10
4
5

1 3 ,2 1 7
1 0 ,0 8 5
10, 9o9

15
4
6

18, 050
10, 082
15, 282

13
5
6

17, 804
10, 925
2 0 ,4 4 7

100
US

1 ,1 3 2 . 767
698. 550

115
151

1 ,0 9 0 ,0 5 9
096, 270

122
148

996, 759
694, 701

124
151

1 ,0 9 2 , 376
6 9 3 ,3 9 0

It will be observed that federations were most numerous in the build­
ing trades, but the largest federation membership occurred in groups
of mining and quarrying, of textiles, and of metal, engineering, and
shipbuilding trades.
The aggregate membership of trade unions participating in the 124
federations was reported as 1,092,376, but to obtain the actual number
of individuals, 310,657 should b8 deducted, leaving a net membership
of 781,719. This deduction is necessary on account of duplication
arising from the fact that the same union was sometimes affiliated with
more than one federation. These duplicates occurred mainly in the
building, mining and quarrying, and textile trades.




IM-

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

ITALY.
Statistica degli Scioperi avvenuti neWIndustria e nelVAgricoltu-ra durante
Vanno 1897. Ministero di Agricoltura, Industria e Oommercio, Direzione Generate della Statistica. 1899. 122 pg.
This is a report on strikes and lockouts in Italy during the year 1897,
prepared by the bureau of statistics of the Italian department of
agriculture, industry, and commerce. It covers labor disputes in the
various branches of industry and among agricultural laborers.
The report shows a total of 217 strikes in the various industries, and
12 strikes among agricultural laborers in Italy during 1897. In the
summary tables presented in the report only the 217 strikes in indus­
trial establishments are considered. These involved a total of 76,570
strikers and occasioned a loss of 1,113,535 working-days.
The following table shows the number of strikes, strikers, and days
lost during each year from 1879 to 1897 in all industries except
agriculture:
STRIKES, STRIKERS, A N D D A T S LOST OX ACCOUNT OF

1879 TO 1897.

Strikes
Strikes
j Strikes
Strikes
for
for
!
for
for
Total which Strik­ which Days Year. 1 Total ! which Strik­ which Days
Y ear. strikes.
strikers ers. days lost i lost.
strikes. strikers ers. days lost lost.
were re­
were re­
were re­
were re­
ported.
ported.
ported.
ported.
I
126
28 4,011
28 21,896 I 1889
125 23, 322
32
123 215, 880
1879
26 5, 900
26 91, 899 1890
139
133 38, 402
129 167, 657
27
1880
39 8 , 272
38 95, 578 1891
132
128 34, 733
44
123 258, 059
1881
45 5, 854
45 25, 119 1892
119
117 30, 800
1882
47
114 216,907
65 111,697 1893
131
1883
67 12,90u
73
127 32,109
122
234, 328
81 23, 967
109
78 149, 215 1894
104 27, 595
103 323, 261
81
1884
82 244, 393 1895
126
126 19. 307
89
86 34,166
126 125, 968
1885
96 16,951
95 56, 772 1896
210
210 96, 051
98
210 1,152, 503
1880
66 218, 612
1897
217
217 76, 570
216 1,113, 535
69
68 25,027
1887
85 191,204
101
99 28, 974
18S8

The years 1896 and 1897, according to the above table, show a con­
siderable increase over preceding years, not only in the number of
strikes, but especially in the number of strikers and working-days lost
on account of strikes.
The causes of strikes in 1897 and their results are shown in the two
following tables:
CAUSES OF STRIKES, 1897.

Strikes.
Strikers.
Number. Per cent. Number. Per cent.

Cause or object.
For increase of w a g e s............................................................................
For redaction of h o a r s ..........................................................................
A gainst reduction of w a g es................................................................ i
A gainst increase of h o u r s....................................................................
Other c a u s e s .............................................................................................. ;
T o ta l..................................................................................................




1

106
16
27
1
67
217 |

48.8
7.4
12.4
.5
30.9
100.0

60, 559
3, 551
4, 426
230
7, 804
76, 570

79.1
4.6
5.8
.3
1 0 .2

10

Q.0

727

FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS— ITALY.
R E S U L T S O F S T R I K E S , B Y C A U S E S , 1897.
S u cce e d e d p a r tly .

S u cceed ed .

|

S tr ik e r s .
Per
ce n t.

S tr ik e s ,

3 ,9 2 6

6

38

36

50 ,7 5 8

84

40

50

545

15

5

31

1 ,7 6 5

50

3

37

912

20

6

22

1 ,8 0 3

Al

11

28

26

8
10

h o u r s____________

O th er c a u s e s ..............

24

36

2 ,7 1 1

T o t a l .................

70

32

8 ,0 9 4

35

10

|

j

S tr ik e r s .

J

N um - j P e r ! N um
Per
b e r . jceut.j b e r. ice n t.
- - . j —

N um ­
b e r.

Per
ce n t.

N um ­
b e r.

Per
N um ­
c e n t . 1 b e r.

Per
ce n t.

N um ­
b er.
F o r in c re a s e
of
w a g e s .......................
F o r r e d u c tio n o f
h o u r s .........................
A g a in s t re d u c tio n
o f w a g e s ...................
A g a i n s t in c re a s e o f

S tr ik e s .

S tr ik e r s .

S trik e s .

C au se o r o b je c t.

F a ile d .

j

11

16 | 2 ,8 3 1

36

1
32

60

28 | 5 7 ,1 5 7

75

87

38 •
1
19 !
j
41 1
j
100
48 !
!

5 ,8 7 5

i

1 ,2 4 1 1
1
1 ,7 1 1

10
35

j

39

40 | 1 1 ,3 1 9 |

13

230 1 100
2 ,2 6 2 | 29

Of the 217 strikes reported, 61.2 per cent were due to wage disputes,
7,9 per cent to disputes regarding hours of labor, and 30.9 per cent to
other causes. Taking the strikers as the basis, it is shown tbat 84.9
per cent of their number struck on account of wage disputes, 4.9 per
cent on account of hours of labor, and 10.2 per cent for other reasons.
Regarding the results of strikes in 1897, it is shown that 32 per cent
of the strikes, involving 10 per cent of all the strikers, were successful;
28 per cent of the strikes, involving 75 per cent of the strikers, were
partly successful, and 40 per cent of the strikes, involving 15 per cent
of the strikers, were failures.
The following table gives a comparison of the proportionate results
of strikes during a period of years:
R E S U L T S O F S T R I K E S , 1879-1891 T O 1897.
P e r c e n t o f s tr ik e s .
Y ear.

j P a rtly
S u ccess­
1 su c c e s s ful.
j

1879 1891.......................................................................
1892..................................................................................
1893...................................................................................
1894...................................................................................
1895..................................................................................
1896....................................................... ..........................
1897..................................................................................

16
21
28
34
32
38
32

fu l.

43
29
38
28
31
24
28

P e r c e n t o f s tr ik e r s .

1
Suc< essF a ile d , j
fu l.

41
50 I
31 1
38;
37
38 I
40 j

23
29
29
19
33
70
10

P a rtly j
s u c c e s s - 1 F a ile d .
f u l.
j

i

47
19
44
24
40
18
75

28
52
27
57
27
12
15

The proportion of successful strikes, as shown in the above table,
increased from an average of 16 per cent for the years 1879 to 1891 to
38 per cent in 1896. In 1897 there was a decrease to 32 per cent. The
percentage of unsuccessful strikes showed comparatively little varia­
tion, especially during the last four years of the series.
In the following table the total strikes, strikers, and working-days
lost in 1897 are given by occupations.




728

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
S T R I F E S , S T R I K E R S , A N D W O R K I N G - D A Y S L O S T , B Y O C C U P A T I O N S , 1897.
S tr ik e r s .

Occupations.

S tr ik e s .

M a le s .
W e a v e r s , sp in n e rs , an d c a r d e r s
M in e r s a n d q u a r r y m e n ..................
M a c h i n i s t s .............................................
F o u n d e r s ................................................
D a y l a b o r e r s ....................................... .................
M a s o n s , s to n e c u tte r s , an d p a v e r s ..........
K i l n a n d f u r n a c e t e n d e r s ----- -*....................
P r i n t e r s a n d c o m p o s ito rs ..............................
H a t t e r s a n d s t r a w p l a i t e r s .........................
T a n n e r s .....................................................................
D y e r s ..........................................................................
B a k e r s a n d p a s t r y c o o k s ..............................
C a rp e n te r s a n d j o i n e r s ...................................
H a c k d r iv e r s a n d b o a t m e n ..........................
C a r t d r i v e r s ............................................................
P o r t e r s a n d c o a l h a n d l e r s ............................
S h o em ak ers, ta ilo rs ,a n d o th e r s e n g a g e d
in c lo th in g i n d u s t r y .....................................
B u t c h e r s ...................................................................
O th e r o c c u p a t i o n s ..............................................
T o t a l ..............................................................

a The

72

10

10
7
19
18
9
4

6
8

2
6
3
2
2
5

12

C h ild re n
25 y e a r s
of age or
F e m a le s .
u n d e r.

A d u lts.

3 ,1 6 8
1 ,0 2 6
1 ,4 9 7
420
2 .8 5 8
2 ,0 1 6
703
250
2 ,6 4 2
59-4
553
1 ,0 4 5
140
570
480
1 ,0 6 4

9 ,9 3 1

2 241
235
60

3
8
84
62
26, 309
200
87

315
7
16
1 3 ,0 6 6
180
73
7

T o ta l.

a

1 5 ,3 4 0
1 ,2 6 1
1 ,5 6 0
428
2 ,8 5 8
2 ,3 3 1
794
328
4 2 ,0 1 7
974
713
1 ,0 4 5
147
570
480
1 ,0 6 4

692
170
1 ,9 2 1

836

107

21

~ 915

19

1 ,6 3 5
170
2 ,8 5 5

217

2 1 ,8 0 9

3 8 ,4 3 5

1 6 ,3 2 6

7 6 ,5 7 0

3

W o rk in g d a y s lo s t.

3 2 7 ,0 2 0
5 ,3 1 7
8 ,0 8 2
8 ,8 5 6
7 ,8 8 5
1 2 ,9 4 3
9 ,1 8 7
3 ,2 8 8
6 2 8 ,0 1 0
3 6 ,1 2 8
1 ,2 5 3
5 ,5 6 5
412
5 ,0 7 0
2 ,4 8 0
1 1 ,1 6 4
1 1 ,0 5 8
340
2 9 ,4 7 7

a

1 ,1 1 3 ,5 3 5

d u ra tio n o f 1 s t r i k e w a s n o t r e p o rte d .

The largest number of strikes iu 1897 occurred among the textile
workers, day laborers, and persons engaged in building trades. The
unusual number of strikers reported was, as in 1896, due largely to a
single strike among the straw plaiters of Florence, in which, in 1897,
41,550 persons, or over one-half of all the strikers enumerated, took
part. This strike likewise accounts for the large number of workingdays lost and the large proportion of women and children.
Twelve strikes were reported in the agricultural industry during
1897, involving 24,135 persons of both sexes. Five of these strikes
were successful, 6 were partly successful, and 1 failed. All but one of
these strikes were due to wage disputes.
Fourteen cases were reported in 1897 where proprietors closed their
establishments for the purpose of accomplishing certain objects, but of
these only 3 were directed against employees and could properly be
called lockouts. These 3 lockouts affected 468 employees, and they all
terminated in favor of the employers.




DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
[This subject, begun in Bulletin No. 2, has been continued in successive issues.
All m aterial parts of the decisions are reproduced in the words of the courts, indi­
cated when short by quotation m arks and when long by being printed solid. In
order to save space, im m aterial m atter, needed simply by way of explanation, is
given in the words of the editorial reviser.]

DECISIONS UNDER STATUTORY LAW.
A p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e E i g h t -H o u r L a w — I n a b il it y o f E m p l o y e e
t o W a iv e P r o v is io n s o f S t a t u t e o r t o R e c o v e r P a y f o r h is
S e r v i c e s in E x c e s s o f E ig h t H o u r s p e r D a y — Short v. Bullion-

Beck and Champion Mining Co.757 Pacific Reporter, page 720.—Suit was
brought by B. L. Short against the above-named mining company and
a hearing was had in the district court for the fifth district of Utah.
In his complaint the plaintiff stated “that between the 1st day of June
and the 1st day of November, 1896, plaintiff* was employed in a mill
owned and operated by the said defendant at Eureka City, State of
Utah, for the purpose of treating and reducing ore, by said defendant,
at the rate of $2.50 per day, and at defendant’s request; that the laws
of the State of Utah, found on page 219 of the Laws of Utah for 1896,
and section 1337 of the Revised Laws of 1898—an act regulating the
hours of employment in underground mines [and smelters]—made eight
hours a day’s labor in such places, which act is hereby made a part of
this complaint; that between the 5th day of June and the 1st day of
November, 1896, plaintiff worked in said mill and reduction works, at
the request of the defendant, twelve hours per day; that said services
were not performed in cases of emergency, or when life or property was
in imminent danger; that the overtime worked of four hours each day
amounted to fifty-nine and one-quarter days; that said work and labor
was reasonably worth the sum of $2.50 per day—a total of $148.15;
that the said $148.15 has not been paid, nor any part thereof.” The
plaintiff also set out twelve other causes of action of a similar character.
The defendant filed a demurrer to each cause of action on the ground
that the complaint did not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of
action. The demurrers were sustained and the plaintiff declined to
amend his complaint. Thereupon the court dismissed the complaint
and rendered judgment against the plaintiff, who appealed the case to
the supreme court of the State, which rendered its decision June 9,
1899, and affirmed the judgment of the lower court.
The opinion of the supreme court was delivered by Judge Miner, and
in the course of the same he used the following language:
No promise is alleged on the part of the defendant to pay for the over­
time worked. This court is asked to imply a promise to pay from the



729

730

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

fact that plaintiff was requested to work 12 hours per day, which request
plaintiff complied with. Chapter 72, p. 219, Sess. Laws, 1896, which [is]
pleaded and made a part of the complaint, in force when the work was
performed, reads as follows:
u Section 1. The period of employment of workingmen in all under­
ground mines or workings shall be eight hours per day, except in cases
of emergency where life or property is in imminent danger.
u Sec . 2. The period of employment of workingmen in smelters and
all other institutions for the reduction or refining of ores or metals
shall be eight hours per day, except in cases of emergency where life
or property is in imminent danger.
u S ec. 3. Any i>erson, body corporate, agent, manager, or employer,
who shall violate any of the provisions of sections 1 and 2 of this act
shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.77
The statute aboye referred to was held constitutional by this court in
State v. Holdey, 14 Utah, 71, 46 Pac., 756, and the Supreme Court of
the United States affirmed such decision in Holden v. Hardy, 169 U. S.,
366, 18 Sup. Ct., 383 [Department of Labor Bulletin No. 17, page 625),
holding that the act in question wras a valid exercise of the police power
of the State of Utah.
The plaintiIf claims that he was employed by the defendant to work
for 12 hours per day, and that he worked for it 12 hours per day or 4
hours more than the law allowed him to work. There could be no
period of employment for the plain ti ft*, under his complaint, without an
employer. The defendant could not well violate the law unless some
one was employed and i>erformed labor prohibited by the statute.
When the plaintiff voluntarily performed services at the request of the
defendant in the mill, and worked 12 hours instead of 8 hours, there
was a violation of tlie statute. Had he worked 8 hours each day there
would have been no violation of the statute. When the defendant
requested the plaintiff to work 12 hours each day, and plaintiff com­
plied with that request, the law was violated by the act of each party.
The penal provision of the statute applies, and was intended to apply,
not to the employer alone, but to any person who shall violate its pro­
visions. The language of the act does not authorize any inference that
it was intended by it to confer any right upon the employee to work
more than 8 hours a day, and relieve him from any criminal responsi­
bility therefor.
The complaint in this case, taken as true, shows that both the plain­
tiff and defendant, or person acting in its behalf, were particeps eriminis in the violation of the statute. They were in pari delicto. By the
plaintiffs act in rendering services prohibited by law at defendant’s
request both parties became amenable to the penal provision of the
statute. The act in question was enacted as a police regulation, and
for the public good, in the interest of public i>oliey. The experience of
the past few years in the business of mining and smelting and under­
ground workings of mines shows that such business can no longer be
carried on with due regard to the safety and health of those miners
engaged in such business without special protection and restraint
against the danger necessarily incident to such employment. For this
purpose laws have been enacted in many States, including Utah,
designed to meet such exigencies as may arise, and to secure the safety
and health of persons who are peculiarly exposed to such dangers by in­
haling unhealthy gases for an unreasonable time while engaged in their
employment. The State has a direct interest in the health, safety, and
prosperity of its people, and it is as much for the interest of the State



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

731

that public health should be preserved as that life should be secure.
It was therefore considered that the employment of men in smelters
and underground mines for a period of more than eight hours per day
was detrimental to the health of such persons, and, as the State had
an interest in the welfare of its citizens, such employment and labor
for ‘more than eight hours should be prohibited under penalty.
In the present case both parties knew the law. They each agreed to
take part in an illegal act. In no case can a servant claim under an
express or implied contract for services, when the contract under which
it is claimed the services were rendered is in violation of the laws
wherein a penalty is attached for the doing of the act upon which recov­
ery is sought. In no case can such a contract be implied when the par­
ties to it are in pari delicto, and where, in order to make out his case,
the plaintiff is obliged to resort to the illegal transaction in proof and
pleading. The judgment of the district court is affirmed with costs.
Judge Baskin delivered a dissenting opinion, from which the follow­
ing is quoted:
Where a party is employed by another to perform some specific act
for a stipulated sum, and afterwards, at the request of the employer,
something additional is done by the employee, without any express
promise of payment, the law will imply a promise by the employer to
pay what the additional service is reasonably worth, and the employee
may recover on an implied assumpsit, by alleging, as has been done in
this case, the facts from which the law implies a promise to pay. This
is elementary, and therefore reference to the authorities which support
the principle is not necessary. The facts alleged in the complaint and
admitted by the demurrer bring the case clearly within this general
elementary principle, and entitle the plaintiff to recover for the extra
labor performed, unless, as asserted in the majority opinion, he is particeps criminis with the defendant in violating the provisions of the
law of 181)6. The terms of thi's law are so ambiguous and indefinite
that resort to construction is required in order to ascertain its meaning
and scope. If the term “ employment77 is used in sections 1 and 2 in
the sense of “ the act of employing or using,*7 then the gist of the
offense is the employment or use by the employer of any of the work­
ingmen employed in the occupations specified for more than eight hours
per day, and such employer, only, is subject to punishment under said
act; and, if said term is used in the sense of “ the state of being em­
ployed,77then the gist of the crime consists of workingmen engaged in
the occupations specified laboring more than eight hours per day, and
they alone are subject to punishment under said act. I am of the opin­
ion that the term “ employment77 was used in the sense of the first
definition of the term before mentioned, and it was not the intention of
the legislature to punish the workingman. The language of the third
section indicates that the act was intended to apply only to the employ­
ers of workingmen. That section specifically names the employer, and,
if it had been intended to apply it to employees as well, the latter term,
from the natural association of ideas, would have been inserted in said
section after the term “ employer.77 The fact that this was not done is
significant of the intention of the framers of the act.
In the opinion in said case [Holden v. Hardy, 169 U. S., 366, 18 Sup.
Ct., 383J the court said: “ It may not be improper to suggest in this con­
nection that, although the prosecution in this case was against the
employer of labor, who apparently, under the statute, is the only one
liable, his defense is not so much that his right to contract has been



732

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

infringed upon, but that the act works a peculiar hardship to his
employees, whose right to labor as long as they please is alleged to be
thereby violated. Tlie argument would certainly come with better grace
and greater cogency from the latter class. But the fact that both par­
ties are of full age, and competent to contract, does not necessarily
deprive the State of the power to interfere where the parties do not
stand upon an equality, or where the public health demands that one
party to the contract shall be protected against himself.”
In our own free country it has become necessary to invoke the strong
arm of the law to protect the laborer against the rapacity of his employer.
The Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of Holden v. Hardy,
expressed the opinion that the employer was the only one liable under
the statute of Utah, and in that connection made the following terse
statement of certain recognized facts, which, I think, show the reason
why employees are exempted from liability, to wit: “ The legislature
has also recognized the fact, which the experience of legislators in many
States has corroborated, that the proprietors of these establishments
and their operatives do not stand upon ail equality, and that their inter­
ests are, to a certain extent, conflicting. The former naturally desire to
obtain as much labor as possible from their employees, while the latter
are often induced by the fear of discharge to conform to regulations
which their judgment, fairly exercised, would pronounce to be detri­
mental to their health or strength. In other words, the proprietors lay
down the rules, and the laborers are practically constrained to obey
them. In such case self-interest is often an unsafe guide, and the legis­
lature may properly interpose its authority.” As the plaintiff is not
amenable under the statute, he was not, as asserted in the opinion of
the majority of the court, particeps criminis in the violation of the stat­
ute. To deny the right of the plaintiff* to recover the reasonable value
of the extra labor performed at the request of the defendant, is to punish
him whom the legislature intended to protect by said act, and reward
the culpable party for an extortion which the act was passed to prevent.
C o e r c io n o f E m p l o y e e s — I n d ic t m e n t I n s u f f i c i e n t u n d e r
S t a t u t e —State v. Darlington, 53 Northeastern Reporter,page 925.—One

Frank G. Darlington was indicted under section 2302 of the Annotated
Statutes of Indiana of 1894 for the coercion of an employee, which sec­
tion reads as follows:

Section 2302. It shall be unlawful for any individual, or member of
any firm, agent, officer, or employee of any company or corporation to
prevent employees from forming, joining and belonging to any lawful
labor organization, and any such individual member, agent, officer or
employee that coerces or attempts to coerce employees, by discharging
or threatening to discharge from their employ or the employ of any
firm, company or corporation because of their connection with such
lawful labor organization, and any officer or employer, to exact a pledge
from workingmen that they will not become members of a labor organ­
ization as a consideration of employment, shall be guilty of a misde­
meanor, and upon conviction thereof in any court of competent juris­
diction, shall be fined in any sum not exceeding one hundred dollars,
or imprisoned for not more than six months, or both, in the discretion
of the court.




DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

733

In tlie circuit court of Marion County, Ind., tliis indictment was
quashed upon motion of the defendant, and from this action the State
appealed to the supreme court of the State, which rendered its decision
May 23, 1899, and sustained the action of the lower court.
Judge Dowling, in delivering the opinion of the supreme court, used
the following language in showing the reasons for the decision :
The indictment, omitting its title and formal parts, was as follows:
“The grand jurors for the county of Marion, and State of Indiana, upon
their oaths present that Frank (J. Darlington, on the 29th day of June,
A. D. 1894, at and in the county of Marion, and State aforesaid, being
then and there the agent, officer, and superintendent of a corporation,
to wit, the Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Eailway Com­
pany, did then and there unlawfully coerce, and attempt to coerce one
William Carroll by then and there discharging him, the said William
Carroll, from the employ of said railway company, because he, the said
William Carroll, was then and there a member of a lawful labor organi­
zation, to wit, the American Eailway Union; contrary,” etc. The
grounds of the motion to quash were (1 ) that the facts stated in the
indictment did not constitute a public offense, # # * .
It is generally true as a rule of criminal pleading, that where the
particular act or acts constituting the offense are clearly defined by the
statute, it is sufficient to charge the offense in the language of the
statute. But, as was said in State v. Aydelott, 7 Blackf., 157, “ This
mode of setting out an offense is not always attended with the requisite
certainty.” There should be such a specific description of the offense
as will apprise the defendant with certainty of the.crime with which he
is charged, and enable him to plead the verdict and judgment in any
future prosecution for the same offense.
To render a charge of coercion or attempted coercion intelligible, it is
necessary that the act or thing the person coerced or attempted to be
coerced was compelled to do, or refrain from doing, should be set forth.
Used as the word “ coerce” is in this indictment, its sense is incomplete.
To discharge a man from employment because he is a member of a par­
ticular association, church, or political party is not to coerce, but to
punish, him. A threat to discharge one in the employment of another
unless he will withdraw from an association, church, or political party
would, according to the result, be coercion, or an attempt to coerce.
The statute is somewhat vague and uncertain, and a charge in the
words of the act that the defendant coerced or attempted to coerce an
employee can not be understood without the further allegation that he
threatened, or otherwise intimidated, or attempted to intimidate the
employee with the penalty of a discharge unless he should sever his con­
nection with, or refrain from joining, such association, church, or party.
By the terms of the statute, the offense consists, not in discharging
the employee, but in coercing or attempting to coerce him by discharg­
ing or attempting to discharge him. But the indictment here does not
show in what respect the employee was coerced, or an attempt was
made to coerce him. If it had been stated that the defendant threat­
ened to discharge the employee unless he withdrew from the labor
organization of which he was a member, and that upon his refusal to
withdraw he was so discharged, a different question would have been
presented.
The judgment quashing the indictment is affirmed.
10493—Nlo. 24---- 8



734

BULLETIN OF TEE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

E m p l o y e r s ’ L i a b i l i t y — D u t ie s o f t h e M a s t e r — N e g l i ­
g e n c e — A s s u m p t io n o f R is k b y E m p l o y e e —Cunningham v. Bath

Iron Works, 43 Atlantic Reporter, page 106.—Action against the abovenamed corporation was brought by Angie Cunningham, as administra­
trix of the estate of lier son, Mark W. Cunningham, to recover
damages for injuries, resulting in death, sustained by said Cunning­
ham while in the employ of said corporation. The case was tried before
a jury in the supreme judicial court for Sagadahoc County, Me., and a
verdict was returned for the plaintiff. The defendant company carried
the case before the full bench of the supreme judicial court, which ren­
dered its decision February 27, 1899, setting aside the verdict and order­
ing a new trial. The principal reasons for the decision were that the
evidence seemed to show that the deceased, who was injured by being
caught in the unguarded cogwheels of an angle-iron machine, had
assumed the risk of his employment and that the employer had not
been negligent in the performance of its duties as to the furnishing of
a safe place to work, safe machinery, etc.
The opinion of the court was delivered by Judge Wkitehouse, and
the syllabus of the same, which is official, contains the following:
1 . While it is the duty of the master to exercise ordinary care and
foresight in providing safe machinery and a reasonably safe place in
and about which the helpers and other laborers are required to work,
yet the fulfillment of this duty must be tested by the experience of
employees who are themselves in the exercise of due care and vigilance,
and not with reference to those who are themselves negligent or ven­
turesome or the unfortunate victims of simple and unaccountable acci­
dents. Absolute safety is not guarantied to the laborer by the contract
of employment.
2 . The failure of the master to have cogwheels in a machine shop cov­
ered and guarded by a hood can not be deemed negligence, under the fol­
lowing conditions and circumstances: The cogwheels and their gearing,
in connection with which the injury was received, were of the usual and
familiar type. There was nothing peculiarly dangerous about them.
All the laborers in the shop were constantly reminded both by sight
and hearing of the power, as well as of the existence, of these wheels.
The helpers were not required to operate the angle-iron shears, or to
perforin any duty within three feet of the wheels on the inward-rolling
side.
4. The obligation resting upon the employer to give his employees
such instructions as are reasonably necessary to enable him to under­
stand the perils to which he is exposed, must be considered with refer­
ence to the reciprocal obligation resting upon the laborer to exercise
the senses and faculties with which he has been endowed in order to
discover and comprehend these perils for himself. He is not bound to
inform the laborer of what he already knows, or what by the exercise
of ordinary care and attention he might have known.
5. It affirmatively appears in this case that the helper who was
injured was a bright and intelligent youth who had just entered upon
his eighteenth year. He clearly had the opportunity to observe the
revolving cogwheels from day to day and the capacity to comprehend
the danger of coming in contact with their gearing. He had all the
information upon that subject which could have been derived from the



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

735

most elaborate instructions. It is accordingly held that, if a laborer
continues in the service of his employer uuder such circumstances, he
will be deemed to have waived all objections to the machinery and
appliances, and to have voluntarily assumed the risks incident to the
service performed.
E m p l o y e r s ’ L i a b i l i t y f o r S l a n d e r in g a n E m p l o y e e —Poissenet
v. Reutlier, 25 Southern Reporter, page 937.—In the civil district court
of the parish of Orleans, La., Emile Poissenet brought an action against
Joseph Eeuther, his employer, to recover damages for slander, and a
judgment in his favor for $250 was rendered. The evidence showed
that Eeuther was the proprietor of a bake shop and that Poissenet was
a journeyman baker in his employ; that Poissenet and the foreman of
the bakery had a quarrel about the manner in which Poissenet had
baked the bread; that Eeuther was sent tor by the foreman and com­
plaints against Poissenet were made to him; that some hours after the
quarrel Eeuther came in where Poissenet was and, after Poissenet had
denounced the foreman to him, he began to abuse Poissenet, calling
him a thief and using other and vile epithets. After the rendering of
the judgment, as above noted, Eeuther appealed the case to the supreme
court of the State, which rendered its decision May 1, 1899, and sus­
tained the judgment of the lower court.
The opinion of the supreme court was delivered by Judge Watkins,
and the syllabus of the same, which was prepared by the court, reads
as follows:
1. An employer who suddenly, upon the spur of the moment, and in
a si>irit of anger, denounces an employee as a thief, and attributes to
him other vile epithets, in a public place, and in the presence of many
persons, is liable in damages for slander; this, notwithstanding the
employer has been justly annoyed by a quarrel that had arisen between
the employee and his manager.
2. Their quarrel constituted no just ground for the employer’s slander­
ous utterances.
E m p l o y e r s ’ L ia b il it y "— R a il r o a d C o m p a n ie s — A s s u m p t io n o f
R is k b y E m p l o y e e , e t c .—Pennsylvania Co. v. Hbaugh, 53 ‘North­

eastern Reporter, page 763.—In the circuit court of Marion County, Ind.,
Philip K. Ebaugh recovered a judgment for damages in a suit brought
by him against the above-named company for injuries received while
attempting to couple cars while in the service of said company as a
brakeman on one of its freight trains. Said injuries were alleged to
have been caused by the negligence of the conductor of the train. The
company appealed the case to the supreme court of the State, which
rendered its decision May 10, 1899, and reversed the judgment of the
lower court on the ground of error of said court in refusing to give cer­
tain instructions to the jury, as requested by the defendant company.



736

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

Judge Hadley delivered the opinion of the supreme court, and in the
course of the same he used the following language:
It is a rule of universal acceptance by the courts of this country that
an employee assumes all the ordinary dangers of his employment, which
art known to him, or which by the exercise of ordinary diligence would
have been known to him. It is alike the duty of the employer and
employee to be diligent in the discharge of their reciprocal duties, for
the avoidance of personal injury to the latter; and both are alike
bound to know, and will be chargeable as knowing, all facts and con­
ditions that a person of ordinary caution and prudence, in a like situa­
tion, would have discovered. Neither may close his eyes nor carelessly
neglect observation and inquiry for the safety of the employee, and find
immunity oh the ground that he did not have actual knowledge of the
danger. In such cases constructive knowledge has the same force and
effect as actual knowledge.
E m p l o y e r s 7 L i a b i l i t y — R a il r o a d C o m p a n ie s — A s s u m p t io n o f
R is k b y E m p l o y e e — D u t y o f E m p l o y e r a s t o F u r n is h in g S a f e A p p l i a n c e s , e t c .— Seldomridge v. Chesapeake and Ohio Railway

Co., 33 Southeastern Reporter, page 293.—Walter Seldomridge, a fireman
in the employ of the above-named railway company, while under an
engine engaged in cleaning out an ash pan was injured and died as a
result thereof. Some cars were pushed by another engine against the
one that Seldomridge was under, causing it to run over him and cut off
both his legs. Action was brought against the railway company by
O. A. Seldomridge to recover damages for the death of Walter Seldom­
ridge, and in the circuit court of Summers County, W. Va., a judgment
was rendered in his favor. The railway company then carried the case
upon writ of error to the supreme court of the State, which rendered its
decision April 22, 1899, and reversed the judgment of the lower court.
The opinion of the court was delivered by Judge Brandon, and the
syllabus of the same, which was prepared by the court, lays down those
principles of the law which were applicable to the case, as follows:
. An employer is not bound to furnish the most approved and safest
appliance, nor provide the best method and means of work for employees;
and if the same are in use by him, and can be with reasonable care
used with safety, it is all that can be required of the employer.
3. An employee accepts service subject to risks incidental u it, and,
when the appliances or means or methods of work are known to the
employee, he can make no clain^ upon the employer to change them.
He accepts them as they are, and, if injured therefrom, he can not
recover damages.
4. When an employee willfully encounters danger known to him, or
patent or open to be seen and known, he can not recover damages from
his employer for injury therefrom.
5. When an employee assents to occupy the place prepared for him,
and to incur the dangers to which he will be exposed thereby, having
sufficient intelligence and knowledge to enable him to comprehend
them, it is not a question whether such place might, with reasonable
2




DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

737

care anil expense, have been more safe. His assent lias dispensed with
that part of the master’s duty to make it so. Having consented to serve
in the way and manner in which the business was being conducted, he
has no proper grounds of complaint, even if reasonable precautions
have not been taken.
. An employee can not recover from his employer for injuries received
by reason of an accident which could have been averted by the
employee’s proper and prudent discharge of his duties; nor can his per­
sonal representative, in such case, if death ensue, maintain an action
for damages by reason thereof.
6

E mployers’ Liability —Kailroad Companies—D uty of Com­
pany to I nspect F oreign Cars —Construction of S tatute —

Felton v. Bullard, 94 Federal Reporter, page 781.—In the United States
circuit court for the northern district of Ohio a judgment was rendered
in favor of one Bullard, in a suit brought by him against one Felton,
the receiver of a railroad within the State of Ohio, to recover dam­
ages for the death of Edward McCarn, a brakeman in the employ of
Felton. Felton carried the case upon a writ of error before the United
States circuit court of appeals, sixth circuit, which court rendered its
derision May 15, 1899, and sustained the judgment of the lower court.
The opinion of the court of appeals was delivered by Circuit Judge
Lurton, and the following, quoted therefrom, contains a statement of
the facts in the case and the principal points of the decision:
Edward McCarn, a brakeman in the service of the plaintiff in error
[Felton], was killed, while descending from the top of a moving car, by
reason of the defective character of a grab iron, which broke off* and
threw him beneath the wheels. This grab iron was attached to the end
of a foreign car, which belonged to the Grand Trunk Bailway Com­
pany, which had been received the day before from a connecting rail­
way company. The grab iron was of the usual construction, and had
been attached to the end of the car, in the usual way, by two screws,
each of from three to four inches in length,* one being at each end of
the iron. An examination after the accident disclosed the fact that
one of these screws was badly rusted, and had long been broken, so
that it supported one end of the iron by a stub only one-half inch in
length which rested in wood much decayed. The screw at the other
end appeared to have been freshly broken or wrenched in two; a part
being pulled out with the grab iron when it came off the car. That
this defective grab iron was the direct cause of the death of the intes­
tate was not disputed. It constituted an attachment upon a car at the
time being operated by the receiver upon a line of railway within the
State of Ohio.
The Ohio act of April 2, 1890 [page 149, acts of 1890], so far as it
bears upon the facts of this case, furnishes a rule of law which must
govern its disposition. The second section of that act makes it unlaw­
ful for any railway corporation to knowingly or negligently use or oper­
ate any car that is defective or upon which any attachment thereto
belonging is defective. It also provides that, if an employee of any
such corporation shall receive any injury by reason of any defective
attachment thereto belonging, the corporation u shall be deemed to



738

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

have had knowledge of such defect before .and at the time such injury
was so sustained,” and that, when the fact of such defect shall be made
to appear by such employee or his legal representatives in an action
against any such railroad corporation for damages on account of such
injuries so received, the same shall be “ prima facie evidence of
negligence on the part of such corporation.” This section of this
statute recognizes no distinction between the liability of a railway
company for injuries sustained by its employees through the oper­
ation of defective cars owned by such corporation and injuries
sustained from defects in foreign cars. The statute applies to cars
“owned and operated, or being run and operated, by such corpora­
tions.” The liability is the same in either case. How, then, may this
prima facie evidence of corporate negligence be rebutted? Prior to the
passage of this act the decisions of the supreme court of Ohio were to
the effect that a railroad company was not liable to a brakeman for the
negligence of a car inspector, it being held that the brakeman and the
inspector were fellow-servants. The third section of this act changes
the law of fellow-servant in the cases to which it applies. That section
provides that: “ In addition to the liability now existing by law, that
every person in the employ of such company, actually having power or
authority to direct or control any other employee of such company, is not
the fellow servant, but superior of such other employee, also that every
person in the employ of such company having charge or control of
employees in any separate branch or department, shall be held to be
the superior and not fellow servant of employees in any other branch
or department who have no power to direct or control in the branch or
department in which they are employed.”
This section would seem to have no bearing upon the case now to be
decided, inasmuch as the inspector employed by the receiver had no
subordinates, and had no power “to direct or control any other employee”
of the receiver. He was sole inspector, with no power of direction or
control and no assistants. The situation is, therefore, unique. The
inspector, under the decisions of the Ohio courts, which doubtless con­
stituted a part of “ the now-existing law” referred to in this section,
was the fellow-servant of the brakeman. This “ now-existing law” is
not changed by this section, except in so far as specifically provided by
this enactment. Conceding, therefore, that the third section has no
application to the peculiar facts of this case, we reach the inquiry as to
the effect of the second section, which creates a statutory presumption
of corporate knowledge of the defect from evidence of its existence and
an injury sustained by an employee engaged in operation of such defect­
ive car. Is that prima facie case rebutted by evidence that the railroad
corporation had furnished a sufficient and competent inspector? This
question finds its answer in the case of Kail way Co. v. Erick, 51 Ohio
St., 146-162, 37 1ST. E., 128. One of the questions in that case arose
upon the refusal of the trial court to instruct the jury that if the com­
pany had employed a competent inspector, whose duty it was to care­
fully inspect all cars and their appliances before they were permitted
to go out, the company would not be liable if he neglected to make
such inspection. This in various forms was refused. The supreme
court held that the presumption of knowledge of the defective condi­
tion of the car in question, raised by the proof of the defect and injury,
under the second section of the act of April 2, 1890, was not rebutted
by proof of the employment of a competent and sufficient inspector.
Upon this question the court said:
“ The presumption of knowledge of the defect, before and at the
time of the injury, is, by the statute, chargeable to the company 5 and



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

739

this statutory presumption can not be overcome by proof of facts which
only raise a presumption that the company did not have such knowl­
edge. Competent and careful inspectors are presumed to properly
inspect the cars and their attachments, but such presumption would
not overcome the statutory presumption of knowledge of defects before
and at the time of the injury. It would take an actual and proxrnr
inspection, or its equivalent, to overcome the statutory presumption of
knowledge of such defects. It will be noticed that this section of the
statute also provides that, in the trial of a personal injury case against
a railroad company, the fact of such defect in its cars or their attach­
ments shall be prim a facie evidence of negligence on the part of such
corporation.”
Aside from the effect to be given to the second section of the act of
1890, we hold that the duty of inspecting foreign cars is a duty due from
the master to his servant, and that the master is responsible to the
servant for all defects which would be disclosed by a reasonably care/ul inspection. The well-known course of business pursued by carriers
in this country involves so large a use of foreign cars as to make it
inadmissible that any distinction should be recognized between the duty
of caring for tlie safety and protection of employees engaged in oper­
ating such cars and that exacted in respect to cars owned or controlled
by the carrier. Employees can no more be said to assume the respon­
sibility for injuries due to the defective condition of foreign ears than
they can be said to assume the risk arising from defects in domestic
cars which might have been discovered by proper inspection. In the
one case, as much as in the other, the inspector is discharging the duty
of the master to his servants, and for his negligence in this particular
the master is responsible. The question is one of general, and not
local, law, unless controlled by statute. It is, therefore, a question for
the courts of the United States to decide upon their own judgment as
to the common law controlling the question.
The rule which we' deduce as having the support of the weight of
authority and reason is that a railroad company owes to its servants
engaged in handling or operating foreign cars the legal duty of not
exposing them to dangers arising from defects which might be discov­
ered by reasonable inspection before they are admitted into its trains.
This rule was approved and applied in Railroad Co. v. Mackey, 175
U, S., 72-91, 15 Sup. Ct., 491. In concluding a discussion of the ques­
tion, the court, streaking by Justice Harlan, said:
“ We are of opinion that sound reason and public policy concur in
sustaining the principle that a railroad company is under a legal duty
not to expose its employees to dangers arising from such defects in for­
eign cars as may be discovered by reasonable inspection before such
cars are admitted into its trains.”
In the later case of Railway Co. v. Archibald, 170 U. S., 605-609, 18
Sup. Ct., 777, the Supreme Court again had under consideration the
duty of a railroad company to its servants in respect to foreign cars,
and followed the doctrine announced in the case of Railroad Co. v.
Mackey, cited above, saying:
“ That it was the duty of a railroad company to use reasonable care
to see that the cars employed on its road were in good order and fit for
the purposes for which they were intended, and that its employees had
a right to rely upon this being the case, is too well settled to require
anything but mere statement. That this duty of a railroad as regards
the cars owned by it exists also as to cars of other railroads received
by it, sometimes designated as foreign cars, is also settled,”



740

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

That this duty is no>t discharged by merely furnishing an inspector
competent to discharge the duty is very clear, and that this was the
holding in both the cases decided by the Supreme Court of the United
States, and cited above, is most apparent from an examination of the
facts in the cases, as well as from the language employed by the court
in considering the duty as one identical in character with that resting
upon the master in respect to the inspection of his own cars before
admitting them into its trains. That the master is responsible for the
negligence of such an inspector, and that the inspector is not the fellowservant of those operating such foreign cars, is the necessary conclusion
from the character of the duty.
The inspector testified that he did inspect this car upon the day it
was received, being the day before the happening of the accident.
But it is manifest that his testimony is not based upon any memory of
this particular car, but depended upon his habit and the record made
of cars inspected. Did he in truth and fact test this particular grab
iron by any means likely to disclose its weakness? The condition of
the screw supporting one end, and of the wood into which it was
screwed, was such, as disclosed by examination after the accident, as
to make it obvious that any strain thrown upon that end would disclose
the weakness with which it was attached. Did the inspection made
involve any strain upon the weak end of this grab iron? If the inspec­
tion made did not involve such a physical test as was feasible, and cal­
culated to disclose just such an infirmity as existed, would not a jury
be warranted in finding either that no physical test at all was made, or
that, if made, it was so carelessly made as to be useless? The circum­
stances were such as that it was not error to take the opinion of the
jury. Let the judgment be affirmed.
S e a m e n — C o n t r a c t o f E m p l o y m e n t — C o m p e n s a t io n f o r W o r k
o u t s id e o f C o n t r a c t —The Ldkme, 93 Federal Reporter, page 230.—

This was a libel brought in the United States district court for the
district of Washington, northern division, by D. Springer and others
against the steamer Lakme to recover extra wages as seamen.
A judgment in favor of said seamen was rendered by the court, and
its opinion, delivered by District Judge Hanford and containing a
statement of the facts in the case, reads as follows:
The libelants in this case served as mariners on board the steam
schooner Lakme on a voyage from Seattle to St. Michaels and return,
and they have received payment of the full amount of wages for the
time of their service at the rate stipulated for in the shipping articles,
which they signed $ but they have brought this suit to recover payment
for alleged overtime at the rate of 40 cents per hour. The testimony
of the master and all of the crew who have appeared as witnesses is
to the effect that, at the time of hiring the men, the captain informed
them that they would be paid for overtime at the rate of 40 cents per
hour. Ho such agreement, however, is contained in the shipping
articles. The testimony of the libelants also shows that at Seattle,
before the departure of the vessel on her voyage, they were required
to work on Sundays and after working hours on week days, and that
at one or two points between Seattle and St. Michaels they were also
required to work on Sunday and during the hours of the night, and on



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

741

arrival at St. Michaels they discharged cargo on Sunday and on the
4th of July. They kept au account of the extra hours and Sunday
and holiday wtfrk, and obtained certificates of the officers that their
account of overtime was correct. There is a clear preponderance of evi­
dence, however, that at Seattle the vessel was loaded and her fuel and
cargo was stowed by stevedores, and the crew of the vessel did not
work on Sundays, or at any other time, except to perform the usual
and ordinary duties of seamen in taking care of the vessel, and moving
her when necessary, and cleaning up. There is also direct contradic­
tion in the evidence as to the work alleged to have been required of
the crew on Sundays at intermediate places, but it is shown by clear
and uncontradicted evidence that the libelants were employed in dis­
charging cargo at St. Michaels on the 3d day of July, which was Sun­
day, and also oil the 4th day of July; and, according to the captain’s
evidence, on those two days they each worked about 25 hours. The
evidence fails to show that there was any emergency or reason for
working the crew in discharging the cargo on those days, except to
gain time for the advantage of the charterers, and it is not probable
that the crew would have worked willingly without being induced by
the promise of the captain that they should be paid at the rate of 40
cents per hour.
It is the contention of the libelants that they are entitled, by virtue
of the verbal contract which they made with the captain, to be paid
for all of their overtime at the rate of 40 cents per hour. This claim
is resisted on the grounds that the alleged verbal contract is invalid, if
made, for the reason that it is not set forth in the shipping articles,
and the libelants did not do any work on the ship in addition to what
they were obligated by the terms of their contract to perform for the
wages stipulated for in the shipping articles. As to these controverted
points the decision of the court is as follows:
1. Seamen who have signed shipping articles for a voyage are bound
by the terms of their contract, and it is not permissible for them to
vary, add to, or take from the terms of the contract, as written, by
introducing parole evidence that there was any different or additional
understanding. It is necessary for the protection of seamen that ship
owners and masters be held to strict performance of their part of ship­
ping contracts, and justice requires that the same rule be applied in
determining the rights of the parties, whether it be invoked by the
seamen or by their adversaries.
2. By a contract of hiring like the one which these libelants signed,
containing no extraordinary provisions or express stipulations in regard
to the hours which seamen may be required to work, seamen become
obligated to do whatever is required of them for the safety and clean­
liness of the ship and preservation of her cargo, at whatever hours
may be required by the master, on week days, Sundays, holidays, and
at night, whether the vessel is under way, or at anchor, or moored in
port; but it is not their duty to perform labor in handling the cargo
on Sundays or holidays, or before or after the usual working hours con­
stituting a customary day’s labor, when the vessel is in port, and there
are no circumstances of peril creating a necessity for working extra
hours. The monthly wages specified in the shipping articles are legal
compensation for all the labor, perils, and hardships required in navi­
gating and taking care of the vessel and cargo under the captain’s
orders, and for handling the cargo in lading and stowing and unlading
on ordinary working days and during the customary working hours;
but when seamen are required or induced by the master to do extra



742

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

work in handling the cargo, in port, for the mere advantage of the
owners or charterers, such extra work is outside of the terms of the
contract contained in the shipping articles, and in all such cases the law
recognizes the scriptural rule that the laborer is worthy of his hire.
3. Seamen are not exempt from working on Sundays and holidays,
even when in port, if the master deems it necessary for them to work.
He is the sole judge of the necessity, and seamen are obliged to obey
his orders in maneuvering the ship and working cargo at all times.
But it does not follow from this rule that they are not entitled to com­
pensation for working on Sundays and holidays when the ship is in port,
and there is no actual emergency. Where they perform such extra
labor under compulsion, they are entitled to receive a reasonable
amount of extra wages; and where the service is performed voluntarily,
but under inducement by promises of the master for extra compensa­
tion, they are entitled to receive the reward promised.
4. I am convinced by the evidence that the libelants did net perform
any work outside of their ordinary duties as seamen on board the
Lakme, at Seattle or elsewhere, prior to arrival of the vessel at St.
Michaels. At that place , they did perform 25 hours’ labor for the
benefit of the charterers, which was not required of them by the con­
tract contained in the shipping articles, and they were induced to
perform said labor by the promise of the master that they should be
paid for it at the rate of 40 cents per hour.
A decree will be entered awarding to each of the libelants the sum
of $ 10, and three-fourths of their taxable costs. I deem it proper to
make a reduction of the costs to be recovered by the libelants, for the
reason that the amount claimed by them for extra time is grossly
excessive, and it is probable that, if they had claimed no more than
they earned, this litigation might have been avoided.
DECISIONS UNDER, COMMON LAW.
C o n s t it u t io n a l it y o f S t a t u t e — S u n d a y L a b o r —Breyer v.
State, 50 Southwestern Reporter, page 769.—In the criminal court of
Davidson County, Tenn., Charles Breyer was convicted of barbering
on Sunday and he appealed his case to the supreme court of the State,
which rendered its decision March 15, 1899, and sustained the con­
viction.
In the opinion of the court, delivered by Judge McAlister, it was
said:
The only question made in this court is upon the constitutionality of
chapter 114, Acts 1891. That act is as follows, to wit: “ It shall be a
misdemeanor for any person to carry on the business of barbering on
Sunday in Tennessee, and any person found guilty of violating this
section shall be fined not less than twenty-five nor more than fifty
dollars or imprisoned in the county jail not less than fifteen nor more
than thirty days or both in the discretion of the court.” (Shannon’s
Code, § 3030.) The general statute against Sunday violation was
passed in 1803, and was taken from the English statute of 29 Car. II.,
as follows: “ If any merchant, artificer, tradesman, farmer, or other
person, shall be guilty of doing or exercising any of the common
avocations of life, or of causing or permitting the same to be done by
his children or servants, acts of real necessity or charity excepted, on
Sunday, be shall on due conviction thereof before any justice of the



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

743

peace of tlie county forfeit and pay three dollars, one-half to the person
who will sue for the same, and the other halt for use of the county.”
It is insisted by counsel for plaintilf in error that a statute applicable
to barbers alone is not the law of the land, but is vicious class legisla­
tion. The term “law of the land” is defined by our cases as a law
which embraces all persons who are or may come into like situation
and circumstances. As stated in Stratton v. Morris, 89 Tenn., 522, 15
8 . W., 87: “ Citizens may be classified under article 1, § 8, of the con­
stitution, when the object of the legislature is to subject them to the
burden of certain disabilities, duties, or obligations not imposed upon
the community at large.” The only limitation is that the statutory
classification must be natural, and not arbitrary. The statutes of this
State, as already seen, prohibit all persons from carrying on their usual
and ordinary vocations on Sunday. Counsel for pi ain tiff in error cites,
in support of his contention, Eden v. People (111. Sup.), 42 N. E., 1108.
In that case it appeared that the legislature of Illinois had passed an
act prohibiting barbering on Sunday. There was no general law appli­
cable to other occupations. Under the law of that State, ea« h and
every citizen was left perfectly free to labor and transact business on
Sunday, or refrain from labor and business, so long as he did not dis­
turb the peace and good order of society. The court said, viz: “ It is
conceded in the argument that if the legislature had enacted a law pro­
hibiting all .business on Sunday, its validity would not be questioned;
that such a law would violate no constitutional limitation; ” but, because
of the discrimination against the barber, the act was adjudged class
legislation. The legislation in Tennessee on this subject is wholly dif­
ferent. Here all persons are prohibited from carrying on business on
Sunday.
It is insisted, however, that the barber is discriminated against, in
this: That for a violation of the act of 1891 he is punished by a fine of
not less than $25 nor more than $50, or imprisonment in the county
jail not less than 15 nor more than 30 days, or both, in the discretion
of the court, wdiile ail other persons, for a violation of the act of 1803,
are punishable by fine not exceeding $3, to be recovered before a justice
of the peace. It is a notorious fact that prior to the passage of the act
of 1891 barber shops all over the State were kept open on Sunday, and
the former statute was wholly ignored and disregarded. Yet it is part
of the history of this legislation that it was enacted at the urgent solic­
itation of the barbers themselves, acting individually and collectively,
through their organized associations. A day of rest was needed for
this most industrious and overworked trade, and it was admitted that
without the imposition of heavier penalties, it could not be secured; for
none were willing to close their shops on Sunday unless all were made
to do so. The former law was found wholly ineffective. We can not
know or state judicially what reasons controlled the legislature in the
passage of the act, but considerations like these would constitute sound
and valid reasons for this classification, and such classification would
neither be arbitrary nor unreasonable. Every sovereign State pos­
sesses within itself absolute and unlimited legislative power, except so
far as it is prohibited by the fundamental law.
The fact that the legislature did not include other occupations in this
particular statute, and the reasons for not doing so, are things which
can not be inquired into by the courts. Of the policy or expediency
of the law, the legislature is the sole arbiter, and the law is valid,
although a certain class (barbers) have been selected upon whom it
shall operate. The business of a barber, while it may disturb nobody,
is not a work of necessity or charity. Affirmed.



744

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

E m p l o y e r s ’ L i a b i l i t y — C o n s t r u c t io n o f S t a t u t e — Brooks v.
Mississippi Cotton-Oil Co., 25 Southern Reporter,page 479.—In an action
brought by Walter Brooks against the above-named company to
recover damages for injuries incurred while in its employ, a judg­
ment was rendered for the defendant company in the circuit court of
Washington County, Miss. Said judgment was rendered upon a per­
emptory instruction by the court in favor of the defendant company
on the ground that a legal case was not made out by the plaintiff’s
complaint. The injury of the plaintiff was alleged to have been caused
by the negligence of the assistant engineer of the company. After the
judgment was rendered as above noted, the plaintiff appealed the case
to the supreme court of the State, which rendered its decision April 3,
1899, and reversed the judgment of the lower court.
The opinion of the supreme court, delivered by Chief Justice Woods,
contains a clear statement of the points upon which the decision
hinged, and reads as follows:
Section 193 of our constitution of 1890 is in these words, viz:
u Every employee of any railroad corporation shall have the same
rights and remedies for any injuries suffered by him from the act or
omission of said corporation or its employees, as are allowed by law to
other persons not employees, where the injury results from the negli­
gence of a superior agent or officer, or of a person having the right to
control or direct the services of the party injured, and also when the
injury results from the negligence of a fellow-servant engaged in another
department of labor from that of the party injured, or of a fellow-servant
on another train of cars, or one engaged about a different piece of work.
Knowledge by any employee injured, of the defective or unsafe char­
acter or condition of any machinery, ways, or appliances, 'shall be no
defense to an action for injury caused thereby, except as to conductors
or engineers in charge of dangerous or unsafe cars, or engines volun­
tarily operated by them. Where death ensues from any injury to em­
ployees, the legal or personal representatives of the person injured
shall have the same rights and remedies as are allowed by law to such
representatives of other persons. Any contract or agreement, express
or implied, made by any employee to waive the benefit of this section
shall be null and void; and this section shall not be construed to de­
prive any employee of a corporation or his legal or personal representa­
tive, of any right or remedy that he now has by the law of the land.
The legislature may extend the remedies herein provided for to any
other class of employees.”
Section 3559, Code 1892, is an exact copy of this constitutional pro­
vision, omitting the last sentence; thereby limiting the fellow-servant
rule, as thus defined, to railroad corporations and their employees. In
the year 1896 (Acts 1896, c. 87), Code 1892, §3559 was amended by con­
ferring upon the employees of any corporation the rights and remedies
theretofore enjoyed by railroad employees only. By an act of the legis­
lature subsequently enacted (Acts 1898, c. 6 6 Code, 1892, §3559, as
amended by Acts 1896, c. 87), those rights and remedies were preserved
undisturbed to the employees of any corporation. These acts of 1896
and 1898 were iffainly intended to extend the rights and remedies there­
tofore enjoyed by the railroad employees of railroad corporations only
to the employees of all corporations, as was provided in the last sen­
tence of section 193 of the constitution. The language of the acts of



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

745

1896 and 1898 is plain and unambiguous, and leaves no room for con­
struction. The employees of all corporations were placed under the
wise and beneficent constitutional rule prescribed for railroad employ­
ees, and all the allegations of the plaintiffs declaration, if established
by evidence to the satisfaction of the jury, would have entitled him to
a verdict. The peremptory instruction given appellee (Miss. Cotton-Oil
Co.) in the court below, as we are informed by counsel for it, was based
upon the theory that the acts of 1896 and 1898 did not extend the fel­
low-servant rule propounded in section 193 of the constitution, and
declared in the code provision (section 3559) to employees of corpora­
tions other than railroads; and this must be true, for otherwise the
court’s action is inexplicable. This view was incorrect, and the instruc­
tion should not have been given; and the case should have been sub­
mitted, on all its facts, to the determination of the jury. We forbear
any comment on the evidence, as the case must be tried again on the
lines indicated in the foregoing opinion. Reversed and remanded.
L i a b i l i t y o f R e c e i v e r s o f a R a il r o a d o n C o n t r a c t o f E m ­
p l o y m e n t M a d e b e f o r e E s t a b l is h m e n t o f R e c e i v e r s h i p , e t c .—

Keeler v. Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Go., 92 Federal Reporter,
page 545.—This was an action brought in the United States circuit court
for the district of Colorado by one E. L. Keeler against the aboved-named
railway company for breach of contract of employment. A demurrer to
the complaint was sustained and the plaintiff* brought the case before
the United States circuit court of appeals for the eighth circuit upon
writ of error. Said court rendered its decision February 21, 1899, and
sustained the action of the lower court. The case made by the com­
plaint, which was adjudged insufficient, was as follows-: Prior to Sep­
tember 24, 1878, the plaintiff had been in the employ of the Atchison,
Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Company, the predecessor of the defend­
ant company, as a railroad engineer, and had sustained injuries. By
way of settlement and compromise of a claim for damages on account
of said injuries, the railroad company, on the above-named date,
entered into a contract with the plaintiff, whereby it paid him $1,720 in
money, and agreed uto employ the said Keeler to work for said company
in such capacity as he is capable of filling, so soon as he is able to per­
form the duties thereof, and to pay him the same wages for such serv­
ices as the said railroad company from time to time may pay others for
like services; and so long as the said Keeler shah remain and be able
to perform the duties and services from time to time given him to do,
and he shall remain faithful, honest, competent, and obedient, to con­
tinue him in its employ, and to treat him in all respects, as to promotion,
as other employees of said company are treated.” From the time of
making said contract forward to December 23, 1893, when receivers
were appointed for said railroad company in a suit to foreclose a mort­
gage on its road, the plaintiff continued in its service as a locomotive
engineer. He was also employed by the receivers after their appoint­
ment until about June 20, 1894, when he left their service temporarily



746

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

on account of sickness. On August 15, of the same year, he applied to
the receivers for reinstatement in their service, but they declined to
further employ him. The complaint also pleaded the provisions of
section 1, chapter 110, Session Laws of Kansas, 1876, which was then in
force and unrepealed. This section provided, among other things, that
when a railroad is sold in pursuance of a judgment foreclosing a mort­
gage or deed of trust tliereon, the person or persons acquiring title
under the sale, and their successors or assigns, may organize a new
company, and “ that such reorganization shall in no wise affect any
liability against the old corporation existing at the time of the organiza­
tion of said new company.”
Circuit Judge Thayer delivered the opinion of the circuit court of
appeals and, in the course of the same, he used the following language:
The complaint fails to show that by any order of court made in the
course of the foreclosure proceedings the contract existing between the
plaintiff and the old company, for a breach of which by the receivers
the present action is brought, ever became obligatory upon the receiv­
ers ; and, in the absence of such a showing, it is obvious that they did
not incur a liability by refusing to employ the plaintiff on x\ug. 15,1894,
which was cast upon the defendant company by virtue of the clause of
the deed under which the defendant acquired title. To make cut a
case against the defendant company under the assumption clause con­
tained in the deed by which it acquired title, it was necessary for the
plaintiff to have shown that his contract with the old company became
binding upon the receivers; and this essential fact his complaint failed
to disclose.
Besides the contention that the receivers incurred a liability by refus­
ing to employ the plaintiff on Aug. 15,1894, it seems to be claimed in
his behalf that his contract with the old company became a liability of
the defendant company by virtue of the provision of section 1 , c. 110 ,
Sess. Laws Kan., 1876, without reference to any orders made in the
foreclosure suit. It is observable, however, that the statute in question
does not say that, when a reorganization takes place after a sale under
a decree of foreclosure, the liabilities of the old corporation existing at
the time the new company is formed shall become liabilities of the new
company; and such could not have been the legislative intent, as a law
of that character would render foreclosure proceedings wholly mean­
ingless and futile. The clause of the statute in question merely pro­
vides “that such reorganization shall in no wise affect any liability
against the old corporation existing at the time of the organization of
the said new company;” and it was probably inserted, through abun­
dant caution, to avoid a possible inference that the organization of a
new corporation in the mode provided by the act worked a dissolution
of the old corporation, and thereby extinguished its debts. Moreover,
the complaint in the present case does not show by proper averments
that the defendant company was organized as a corporation under
authority conferred by section 1 , c. 110 , Sess. Laws Kan., 1876, as it
should have shown, if it was intended to claim that by virtue of the
provisions of that act the defendant company is liable to discharge all
contracts, of whatsoever nature, that may have been made by the former
company. We think, therefore, that no ground of recovery was dis­
closed by the complaint, and the judgment is hereby affirmed.



DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

747

M a s t e r a n d S e r v a n t — S u it f o r R e c o v e r y o f W a g e s a n d
P e n a l t y f o r N o n p a y m e n t o f S a m e — C o n s t it u t i o n a l i t y o f
S t a t u t e s — Kansas City , Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad Co. v. Moon, 50

Southwestern Reporter, page 996,—June 30,1897, Virgil H. Moon, by his
next friend, W. L. Moon, brought his action before A. P. Alexander, a
justice of the peace of Center Township, Polk County, Ark., to recover
$3.30 unpaid wages, and exemplary damages at the rate of $1.10 per
day, from the above-named railroad company; on August 7,1897, judg­
ment was rendered in his favor. The defendant company appealed to
the circuit court of Polk County, Ark., where a judgment was again
rendered in favor of Moon. The company then appealed to the supreme
court of the State, which rendered its decision April 22,1899, and sus­
tained the action,of the lower courts. The testimony of Yirgil H. Moon,
in whose behalf the suit was brought, showed that he was discharged
from the company’s service in which he had been receiving pay at the
rate of $1.10 per day and that on the day following he received a paper
which read as follows:
Letterof identification—Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad Co.
Instructions to Foreman: If claimant can write, his name must be
signed on the line provided for that purpose. If he can not write, you
must indorse on that line, “ He can not write,” and sign your initials
under.
To Agents: See that the above instructions are complied with, and,
if necessary, require claimant to sign his name, as a means of ideutifi
cation.
May, 1897, W. N. Terry, Roadmaster, Mena, Ark: Time check has
been issued to Yirgil Moon for 3 days’ worn at $1.10,—$3.30; less board,
$----- , hospital dues,----- cents,-------$-------. Amount due. $----- . On
section No. 15, for month of May, who will apply at Mena, Ark., for his
money.
Signature of claimant appears below.
Yours truly,
Pat McGuire, Foreman.
Foreman will write in station where money is to be paid.
Claimant’s signature: Virgil H. Moon. Filed Aug. 7, 1897. A. P.
Alexander, J. P.
His testimony also showed that Moon endeavored to collect the
amount due him on several occasions, both at Mena and at other places,
but never received the money. It also appeared in evidence that a
judgment in favor of Moon for these wages had been rendered in a suit
brought before W. N. Martin, a justice of the peace of Cove Township,
and the defendant company attempted to offer a transcript from said
justice in evidence by wray of a special plea but the court refused per­
mission.
Justice Hughes delivered the opinion of the supreme court in lan­
guage as follows:
This action was brought under section 6243, Sand. &. H.Dig., to recover
$3.30 wages due the appellee, and the penalty for not having paid the
same when the employee was discharged. That section reads: “ When­



748

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

ever any railroad company, or corporation engaged in the business of
operating or constructing any railroad or railroad bridge, shall dis­
charge, with or without cause, or refuse to further employ any servant
or employee thereof, the unpaid wages of any such servant or employee
then earned, at the contract rate, without abatement or deduction, shall
be and become due and payable on the day of such discharge, or refusal
to longer employ; and if the same be not paid on such day, then as a
penalty for such nonpayment, the wages of such servant or employee
shall continue at the same rate until paid: Provided, Such wages shall
not continue more than sixty days, unless action therefor shall be com­
menced within that time.”
This act was decided to be constitutional in Leep v. Bailroad Co., 58
Ark. 407,25 S. W., 75, which has been affirmed on appeal to the Supreme
Court of the United States, 15 Sup. Ct., 1042.
It is contended that the right of action for the penalty accruing was
merged in the so-called judgment before W. N. Martin, a justice of the
peace. But this can not be, for there was no jurisdiction ror the want
of service to render that judgment. It was void, and bound neither
party. It was, in fact, no judgment. There could, therefore, be no
merger of the cause of action in it.
The plaintiff (appellee) was discharged by the railroad company, who,
it appears, has not paid the wages due him at the time of his discharge.
It was the duty of the company to pay him. He was. not obliged to
make demand for the amount due him. If it could be said that he
accepted the certificate of identification and statement of his account
as payment, it is replied that he was a minor, and elected to disaffirm
this agreement.
It appears from the evidence that the plaintiff’s father knowingly
permitted him to collect his wages, and, though he was a minor, and
his father was entitled strictly to collect his wages, he waived this
right, no doubt, commendably to encourage his son. He was not bound
to collect, or refuse his son the right to do so. According to the case
of Bailroad Co. v. Paul, 64 Ark., 83, 93, 40 S. W., 705, the appellee was
entitled to the penalty up to the time of the judgment.
S e a m e n — B ig h t to W a g e s f o r S e r v ic e s n o t B e n d e r e d a f t e r
H a v in g A b a n d o n e d S e r v i c e — F o r f e i t u r e o f W a g e s E a r n e d —

The A. M. Baxter, 93 Federal Reporter, page 479.—This was a libel by
John Anderson and others against the schooner A. M. Baxter to recover
wages as seamen, heard in the United States district court for the
district of Washington, northern division.
The opinion of the court, delivered by District Judge Hanford, shows
the facts in the case and the decision rendered and reads as follows:
The libelants signed shipping articles at San Francisco for a voyage
in the schooner A . M. Baxter from San Francisco to Honolulu via
Everett, in this State, and return to a port on vhe Pacific Coast, and
served under their contract on the run from San Francisco to Everett,
at which place they voluntarily left the vessel; assigning as their
reason for doing so that the food supplied to them was bad, and
that the forecastle was wet, cold, and uncomfortable. The pre­
ponderance of the evidence is against the libelants on the question
as to the quality of the food which was served to them. There is no



DECISIONS OP COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.

749

question but wiiat the forecastle was clean and properly ventilated, and
complied fully with the requirements of the statute on the subject,
except in one particular, that it was not supplied with any apparatus
for heating. At the time they left the vessel the weather was cold, and
the crew suffered discomfort by having to work in the wet, chilly
weather, without means for drying their clothing, or any artificial heat
in their sleeping room. However, to justify their leaving the vessel
before the expiration of the time for which they were hired, they should
have first complained to the caxffain of the discomfort to which they
were subjected, and requested him to supply heating apparatus, as
required by section 2 of the act of March 3, 1897, entitled 44An act to
amend the laws relating to navigation.77 (29 Stat., 687.) That request
was not made, and, as they left the vessel voluntarily, I hold that they
can not recover wages for services not rendered, nor expenses for their
return to San Francisco. They are entitled, however, to receive their
wages at the contract rate for the time of their actual service. No
reason for refusing to pay them for the time of actual service in the ship
is suggested, except that the contract was broken on their part by their
leaving the vessel without reasonable cause. The answer, however,
does not charge the libelants with desertion, nor allege that they have
forfeited their wages by leaving the vessel without the masters consent.
Courts do not favor the forfeiture of wages earned by toil and exposure
to hardship and danger, to the extent of giving decrees against seamen
suing to recover wages, when such relief has not been demanded, and
substantial legal reasons therefor alleged, in the respondent’s xdeading.
Let a decree be entered in favor of the libelant Francis for the sum of
$22, and in favor of each of the other libelants for the sum of $24, and
their taxable costs.
10493—No. 24-----9




LAWS OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR ENACTED SINCE
JANUARY 1, 1896.
[Tlie Second Special Report of tlie Department contains all laws of the various States and Terri­
tories and of the U nited States relating to labor in force January 1, 1896. Later enactments are
reproduced in successive issues of the Bulletin from time to time as published.]

CALIFORNIA.

ACTS OF 1899.
C hapter 22.—C on tractor's bon d— P rotection o f cla im s f o r labor on stre e t a n d sew er w o rk
in m u n ic ip a litie s.

S ection 1. A new section, to be known as section six and one half of said act
[“An act to provide for work upon streets, lanes, alleys, courts, places, and side­
walks, and for the construction of sewers within municipalities ”, approved March
18, 1885], is hereby added thereto, and shkll read as follows:
S ection 6^. Every contractor, person, company, or corporation, including con­
tracting owners, to whom is awarded any contract for street work under this act,
shall, before executing the said contract, file with the superintendent of streets a
good and sufficient bond, approved by the mayor, in a sum not less than one-half of
the total amount payable by the terms of said contract; such bond shall be exe­
cuted by the principal and at least two sureties, who shall qualify for double the
sum specified in said bond, and shall be made to inure to the benefit of any and all
persons, companies, or corporations who perform labor on, or furnish material to be
used in the said work of improvement, and shall provide that if the contractor, per­
son, conipany, or corporation to whom said contract was awarded fails io pay for
any materials so furnished for the said work of improvement, or for any work or
labor done thereon of any kind, that the sureties will pay the same, to an amount
not exceeding the sum specified in said bond. Any material man, person, company,
or corporation, furnishing materials to be used in the performance of said work
specified in said contract, or who performed work or labor upon the said improve­
ment, whose claim has not been paid by the said contractor, company, or corpora­
tion, to whom the said contract was awarded, may, within thirty days from the time
said improvement is completed, file with the superintendent of streets a verified
statement of his or its claim, together with a statement that the same, or some part
thereof, has not been paid. At any time within ninety days after the filing of such
claim, the person, company, or corporation, filing the same, or their assigns, may
commence an action on said bond for the recovery of the amount due on said claim,
together with the costs incurred in said action, and a reasonable attorney fee, to be
fixed by the court, for the prosecution thereof.
S ec . 2. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage.
Approved February 21, 1899.
C hapter 114.—H o u rs o f la b o r on p u b lic w orks.
S ection 1. The time of service of all laborers, workmen, and mechanics employed
upon any public works of, or work done for, the State of California, or for any polit­
ical subdivision thereof, whether said work is done by contract or otherwise, is
hereby limited and restricted to eight hours in any one calendar day; and it shall be
unlawful for any officer of the State, or of any political division thereof, or any per­
son acting for or on behalf thereof, or any contractor or subcontractor, for any part
of any x>ublic works of, or work done for such State or political subdivision thereof,
or any person, corporation, or association whose duty it shall be to employ or to
direct and control the services of such laborers, workmen, or mechanics, or who has,
in fact, the direction or control of the services of such laborers, workmen, or mechan­
ics, to require or permit them, or any of them, to labor more than eight hours in any
one calendar day, except in cases of extraordinary emergency caused by fire, flood, or
danger to life and property, or except to work upon public, military, or naval works
or defenses in time of war.
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LABOR LAWS----CALIFORNIA— ACTS OF 1899.
751
Sec. 2. Each and every contract to which the State of California, or any political
subdivision thereof, is a party, and every contract made for or on hehalf of the said
State or any political subdivision thereof, which contract may involve the employ­
ment of laborers, workmen, or mechanics, shall contain a stipulation that no laborer,
workman, or mechanic in the employ of the contractor, or any subcontractor, doing
or contracting to do any part of the work contemplated by the contract, shall bo
required or permitted to work more than eight hours in any one calendar day,
except in cases of extraordinary emergency caused by fire, flood, or danger to life or
property, or except to work upon public, military, or naval works or defenses in timo
of war, and each and every such contract shall stipulate a penalty for each violation
of the stipulation directed by this act of ten dollars for each laborer, workman, or
mechanic, for each and every calendar day in which he shall labor more than eight
hours; and the inspector or other ofiicer or person whose duty it shall be to seo that
the provisions of any such contract are complied with, shall report to the proper
officer of such State, or political subdivision thereof, all violations of the stipulation
in this act provided for in each and every such contract, and the amount of the pen­
alties stipulated in any such contract shall be withheld by the officer or person
whose duty it shall be to pay the moneys due under such contract, whether the vio­
lations for which said penalties were imposed were by the contractor, his agents or
employees, or any subcontractor, his agents or employees. No person on behalf of
the State of California, or any political subdivision thereof, shall rebate or remit any
penalty imposed under any stipulation herein provided for, unless upon a finding
which "he shall make up and certify that such penalty was imposed by reason of an
error of fact. Nothing in this act shall be construed to authorize the collection of
said penalty from the State or any political subdivision thereof.
Sec. 3. Any officer of the State of California, or any political subdivision thereof,
who shall violate the provisions of this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor,
and be subject to a line or imprisonment, or both, at the discretion of the court, the
fine not to exceed five hundred dollars, nor the imprisonment one year.
Sec. 4. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act, in so far as they are
inconsistent, are hereby repealed.
Sec. 5. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage.
Approved March 20,1899.
DISTRICT OF A L A SK A .

U. S. STATUTES—ACTS OF 1898-99.
(3d S e s s .,5 5 th C o n g re ss .)

Chapter 429.—Criminal Code—Sunday labor—Convict labor—Employment of females
and minors in barrooms prohibited.
S
141. If any person shall keep open any store, shop, grocery, ball alley,
billiard room, or tippling house, for purpose of labor or traffic, or any place of
amusement, oil the first day of the week, commonly called Sunday or the Lord's
day, such person, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not les3 than
five nor more than fifty dollars: Provided, That the above provision shall not apply
to the keepers of drug stores, doctor shops, undertakers, livery-stable keepers, bar­
bers, butchers, and bakers, and all circumstances of necessity and mercy may be
pleaded in defense, which shall bo treated as questions of fact for the jury to deter­
mine, when the offense is tried by jury.
S
. 195. A judgment of imprisonment in the penitentiary need only specify the
duration and place of such confinement, and thereafter the manner of the confine­
ment and the treatment and employment of the person so sentenced shall be
regulated and governed by whatever law mpy bo in force prescribing the discipline
of the penitentiary wherein he is confined and the treatment and employment of
persons sentenced to confinement therein.
S
. 201. * * * The manner of such confinement [in a county jail] and the
treatment of a person so sentenced shall bo governed by whatever law may bo in
force prescribing the discipline of county jails: Provided, That the United States
marshal for said district may, under such regulations as the Attorney-General may
prescribe, employ or cause to be employed upon public works any or all persons
sentenced to imprisonment in the jails or the penitentiary within said district: * ' *
Sec. 478. No licensee under a barroom license shall employ, or permit to bo
employed, or allow any female or minor or person convicted of crime, to sell, give,
furnish, or distribute any intoxicating drinks or any admixture thereof, ale, wine,
or beer to any person or persons. * * *
Approved March 3, 1899.
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BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

IJ. S. STATUTES—ACTS OF 1898-99.
(3tl S e s s., 5 5 th C o n g re s s .)

Chapter 2J.8.—Contractor’s bond—Protection of claims for labor on public buildings, etc,
Section 1. Hereafter any person or persons entering into a formal contract with
the District of Columbia for the construction of any public building, or the prosecutiou and completion of any public work, or for repairs upon any public building or
public work, shall be required, before commencing such work, to execute the usual
penal bond, with good and sufficient sureties, with the additional obligations that
such contractor or contractors shall promptly make payments to all persons supply­
ing him or them labor and materials in the prosecution of the work provided for in
such contract; and any person or persons making application therefor and furnish­
ing affidavit to the department under the direction of which said work is being or
has been prosecuted that labor or materials for the prosecution of such work has
been supplied by him or them, aud payment for which has not been made, shall be
furnished with a certified copy of said contract and bond, upon which said person
or persons supplying such labor and materials shall have a right of action, and shall
be authorized to bring suit in the name of the District of Columbia or the United
States for his or their use and benefit against said contractor and sureties and to
prosecute the same to final judgment and execution: Proi'ided, That such action and
its prosecution shall not involve the District of Columbia or the United States in
any expense: Provided, That in such case the court in which such action is brought
is authorized to require proper security for cost in case judgment is for the defendant.
Approved February 28, 1899.
LO U ISIA N A .

CONSTITUTION OF 1898.
The enactment of certain labor legislation prohibited.
Article 48. The general assembly shall not pass any local or special law on the
following specified subjects:
Regulating labor, trade, manufacturing or agriculture.
Granting to any corporation, association, or individual any special or exclusive
right, privilege or immunity.
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Exempting property from taxation.
Art. 51. No law shall be passed fixing the price of manual labor.
Protection of ike wages of laborers.
Art. 185. The general assembly shall pass laws to protect laborers on buildings,
streets, roads, railroads, canals, and other similar works, against the failure of con­
tractors and subcontractors to pay their current wages when due, and to make the
corporation, company, or individual, for whose benefit the work is done, responsible
for their ultimate payment.
Convict labor.
Art. 196. The general assembly may authorize the employment under State super­
vision and the proper officers and employees of the State, of convicts on public
roads and other public works, or convict farms, or in manufactories owned or con­
trolled by the State, under such provisions and restrictions as may be imposed by
law, and shall enact laws necessary to carry these provisions into effect; aud no
convict sentenced to the State penitentiary shall ever be leased, or hired to any per­
son, or persons, or corporation, private or public, or quasi-public, or board, save as
herein authorized. This article shall take effect upon the expiration of the peniten­
tiary lease, made pursuant to Act No. 114, approved July 10th, 1890.
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LABOK LAWS— LOUISIANA— ACTS OF 1898.
Exemption of laborers, etc., from license tax.

A
. 229. The general assembly may levy a license tax, and in such case shall
graduate the amount of such tax to be collected from the persons pursuing the sev­
eral trades, professions, vocations, and callings. All persons, associations of persons
and corporations pursuing any trade, profession, business or calling, may be ren­
dered liable to such tax, except clerks, laborers, clergymen, school teachers, those
engaged in mechanical, agricultural, horticultural, and mining pursuits, and manu­
facturers other than those of distilled, alcoholic, or malt liquors, tobacco, cigars, and
cotton-seed oil. * * *
rt

Convict labor.

Art. 292. When any parish shall avail itself of the provisions of this article, the
judge, in passing sentence on any person convicted of any offense, when the punish­
ment imposed by law is imprisonment in the parish jail in the first instance, or in
default of payment of fine, may sentence sucll persons to work on the public roads
and bridges and any other public works of the parish; and when the punishment
prescribed by law is imprisonment in the penitentiary, he may sentence the persons
so convicted to work on the public roads and bridges and other public works of the
parish where the crime was committed, if the sentence actually imposed does not
exceed six months. * * *
Time of talcing effect of the constitution.

325. That no inconvenience may arise from the adoption of this constitution,
and in order to carry this constitution into complete operation, it is hereby declared:
Eighth. This constitution, * * * , shall be in full force and effect from and
after this 12th day of May, 1898, save and except as otherwise provided in and by
said constitution.
ACTS OF 1898.
Act No. 49.—Trade-marks of trade unions.
S
1. Whenever any person, or any association or union of workingmen, has
heretofore adopted or used or shall hereafter adopt or use any label, trade-mark,
term, design, device or form of advertisement for the purpose of designating, mak­
ing known, or distinguishing any goods, wares, merchandise or other product of
labor, as having been made, manufactured, produced, prepared, packed or put on
sale by such person or association or union of workingmen or by a member or mem­
bers of such association or union, it shall be unlawful to counterfeit or imitate such
label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement, or to use, sell, offer
for sale or in any way utter or circulate any counterfeit or imitation of any such
label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement.
Sec. 2. Whoever counterfeits or imitates any such label, trade-mark, term, design,
device or form of advertisement; or sells, offers for sale or in any way utters or circu­
lates any counterfeit or imitation of any such label, trade-mark, term, design, device
or form of advertisement; or keeps or has in his possession with intent that the
same shall be sold or disposed of, any goods, wares, merchandise or other product of
labor to which or on which any such counterfeit or imitation is printed, painted,
stamped or impressed; or knowingly sells or disposes of any goods, wares, merchan­
dise or other products of labor contained in any box, case, can or package, to which
or on which any such counterfeit or imitation is attached, affixed, printed, painted,
stamped or impressed; or keeps or has in his possession with intent that the same
shall be sold or disposed of, any goods, wares, merchandise or other product of labor
in any box, case, can or package to which or on which any such counterfeit or imi­
tation is attached, affixed, printed, painted, stamped or impressed, shall be punished
by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars or by imprisonment for not more than
three months.
Sec. 3. Every such person association or union that has heretofore adopted or
used, or shall hereafter adopt or use, a label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form
of advertisement as provided in section 1, of this act, may file the same for record
in the office of the secretary of state by leaving two copies, counterparts or facsimilies, with said secretary and by filing therewith a sworn application specifying
the name or names of the person, association or union on whose behalf such label,
trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement shall be filed; the class of
merchandise and a description of the goods to which it has been or is intended to be
appropriated, stating that the party so filing or on whose behalf such label, trade­
mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement shall be filed, has the right
to the use of the same; that no other person, firm, association, union or corpora­
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BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
tion has the right to such use, either in the identical form, or in any such near
resemblance thereto as may ho calculated to deceive, and that the fac-simile or
counterpart filed therewith are true and correct. There shall he paid for such filing
and recording a fee of one dollar. Said secretary shall deliver to such person, asso­
ciation or union so filing or causing to he filed any such label, trade-mark, term,
design, device or form of advertisement so many duly attested certificates of the
recording of the same as such person, association or union may apply for each of
which certificates said secretary shall receive a fee of one dollar. Any such certifi­
cate of record shall in all suits and prosecutions under this act he sufficient proof
of the adoption of such label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertise­
ment. Said secretary of state shall not record for any person, union or association
any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of advertisement that would
probably be mistaken for any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or form of
advertisement heretofore filed by or on behalf of any other person, union or assoeation.
Sec. 4. Any person who shall for'himself or on behalf of any other person, asso­
ciation or union procure the filing of any label, trade-mark, term, design, device or
form of advertisement in the office of the secretary of state under the provisions of
this act, by making any false or fraudulent representations or declarations, verbally
or in writing or by any fraudulent means, shall be liable to pay any damages sus­
tained in consequence of any such filing, to be recovered by or on behalf of the
party injured thereby in any court having jurisdiction and shall he punished by a
fine not exceeding one hundred dollars or by imx>risonment not exceeding three
months.
Sec. 5. Every such person, association or union adopting or using a label, trade­
mark, term, design,, device or form of advertisement as aforesaid, may proceed by
suit to enjoin the manufacture, use, display or sale of any counterfeits or imitations
thereof, and all courts of competent jurisdiction shall grant injunctions to restrain
such manufacture, use, display or sale and may award the complaint [complainant]
in any such damages resulting from such manufacture, use, sale or display as may
be by the said court deemed just and reasonable, and shall require the defendants to
pay to such person, association or union, all profits derived from such wrongful
manufacture, use, display or sale; and such court shall also order that all such
counterfeits or imitations in the possession or under the control of any defendant in
such cause be delivered to an officer of the court, or to the complainant, to be
destroyed.
Sec. 6. Every person who shall use or display the genuine label, trade-mark,
term, design, device or form of advertisement of any such person, association or
union in any manner not being authorized so to do by such person or association,
shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by imprisonment for
not more than three months or by a fine of not more than one hundred dollars. In
all cases where such association or union is not incorporated, suits under this act
may bo commenced and prosecuted by an officer or member of such association or
union on behalf of and for the use of such association or union.
Sec. 7. Any person or persons who shall in any way use the name or seal of any
such person, association or union or officer thereof in and about the sale of goods or
otherwise, not being authorized to use the same, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor,
and shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than three months, or by a fine
of not more than one hundred dollars.
Sec. 8. This act shall take effect and be in force from and after its passage.
Approved July 8, 1898.
Act No. 136.—Municipal corporations—Convict labor.
Section 15. The mayor and board of aldermen of every city, town, and village,
* * * shall have power:
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Twenty-ninth. To contract with the police jury, which is empowered in the prem­
ises, for the use of the parish jail for the use of the municipality; to provide for the
working of the streets by municipal prisoners, and to contract with the parish for
such work by parish prisoners, or for the working of parish roads by municipal
prisoners.
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Approved July 13, 1898.
Act No. 162.—State industrial institute—Industrial training.
Section 1. A State industrial institute is hereby established for the education of
the white children of the State of Louisiana, in the arts and sciences.
Said institute shall be known as the “ South'western Louisiana Industrial Insti


LABOR LAWS— LOUISIANA— ACTS OP 1898.
755
tute,” and shall he located in that parish of the 13th senatorial district which will
offer the best inducements therefor to the board of trustees, * * * .
Sec. 5. The said board of trustees shall possess all the power necessary and proper
for the accomplishment of the trust reposed in them, viz: The establishment of a
first class industrial institute for the education of the white children of Louisiana in
the arts and sciences, at which such children may acquire a thorough academic and
literary education, together with a knowledge of kindergarten instructions, of teleg­
raphy, stenography and photography, or drawing, painting, designing and engrav­
ing in their industrial applications; also a knowledge of fancy, practical and general
needlework; also a knowledge of bookkeeping and agricultural and mechanical art
together with such other practical industries as, from time to time, may be suggested
to them by experience, or such as will tend to promote the general object of said
institute, to w it: Fitting and preparing such children, male and female, for practi­
cal industries of life.
Approved July 14, 1898.
N E W M EXICO.

ACT8 OF 1899.
Cnafter 18.—The Xew Mexico Xormal University—Manual training.
Section 1. The name and title of the New Mexico Normal School at Las Yogas is
hereby changed so that said institution shall hereafter be known and designated as
“The New Mexico Normal University.” * * *
Skc. 2. There are hereby established as branches or departments of said New Mexico
Normal University, to be carried on at Las Yegas, a school of manual training for the
Territory of New Mexico, the object of which shall be to instruct pupils, and to train
and qualify teaching [teachers] to teach the use of hands and tools in the various
useful arts of practical value to the people of the Territory; and also a kindergarten
training school to qualify teachers of the Territory to use that system of teaching
in the primary schools.
Approved February 17, 1899.
Chapter 36.—The making hy employees of false written statements or of false entries
concerning wages of employees in hooks of employers with intent to defraud, made
felony.
Section 1. Every person acting in the capacity of overseer, foreman, bookkeeper,
clerk, timekeeper, accountant, or any other agent or employee of any individual,
copartnership or corporation doing business in this Territory, who shall willfully
make or cause to be made any false statement in writing to any such individual, or
to any member or members of such copartnership, or to any officer or officers of such
corporation, with intent to defraud or assist to defraud such individual, copartner­
ship or corporation, or to escape tlieir liabilities to such individual, copartnership
or corporation, or who shall make any false entry iu any book kept by him, or
any memorandum or statement made by him of wages due or owing to any employee
or employees of.such individual, copartnership or corporation, with intent to defraud
such individual, copartnership* or corporation out of any money, property or other
valuable thing or effects, shall be deemed guilty of felony, and shall, upon convic­
tion thereof, be punished by imprisonment at hard labor in the penitentiary for not
less than two nor more than iivo years.
Approved March 11, 1899.
Chapter 64.—Corporations receiving money from employees for employment of a physi­
cian, etc., to erect and maintain apesthouse.
Section 2. All mining companies, or other corporations doing business in this
Territory who receive any money from their employees for the purpose of employing
a physician to attend to and render medical aid to any of said employees during
sickness, or to enforce sanitary regulations for the benefit of said employees, are
hereby required to erect and maintain a proper and suitable pesthouse not less than
one and one-half miles from any town, mining camp, settlement, or village where
the headquarters of such company may be, or where the greater portion of said
employees may labor, for the purpose of taking proper care of, and quarantining
any and all of said employees who may be affected with any contagious, or infectious
diseases and any company or corporation violating any of the provisions of this act
upon proper proceedings and conviction thereunder, shall be fined as set forth in sec­
tion one [in any sum not less than three dollars nor more than eighty dollars], and
in addition thereto shall bo liable for all damages occasioned by their violation of
the law as embodied in this act.
Approved March 16, 1899.



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BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.
UNITED STATES.

ACTS OF 1898-89.
(3d Seas., 55tli Congress.)

28.— Seam en.
S
1. Section forty-five hundred and sixteen of the Revised Statutes is here­
by amended so as to read as follows:
S
4516. In case of desertion or casualty resulting in the loss of one or more
seamen, the master must ship, if obtainable, a number equal to the number of those
of whose services he has been deprived of by desertion or casualty, who must be of
the same grade or rating and equally expert with those whose place or position they
refill, and report the same to the United States consul at the first port at which he
shall arrive, without incurring the penalty prescribed by the two preceding sections.
S
. 2. Section forty-five hundred and twenty-two of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended so as to read as follows:
Section 4522. At the foot of every such contract to ship upon such a vessel of the
burden of fifty tons or upwards there shall be a memorandum in writing of the day
and the hour when such seaman who shipped and subscribed shall render himself on
board to begin the voyage agreed upon. If any seaman shall neglect to render him­
self on board the vessel for which he has shipped at the time mentioned in such
memorandum without giving twenty-four hours7notice of his inability to do so, and
if the master of the vessel shall, on the day in which such neglect happened, make
an entry in the log book of such vessel of the name of such seaman, and shall in like
manner note the time that he so neglected to render himself after the time appointed,
then every such seaman shall forfeit for every hour which he shall so neglect to
render himself one-half of one day’s pay, according to the rate of wages agreed
upon, to be deducted out of the wages. If any such seaman shall wholly neglect to
render himself on board of such vessel, or having rendered himself on board shall
afterwards desert, he shall forfeit all of his wages or emoluments which he has then
earned.
S
. 3. Section forty-five hundred and twenty-six of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended so as to read as follows:
Section 4526. In cases where the service of any seaman terminates before the period
contemplated in the agreement, by reason of the loss or wreck of the vessel, such
seaman shall be entitled to wages for the time of service prior to such termination,
but not for any further period. Such seaman shall be considered as a destitute sea­
man and shall be treated and transported to port of shipment as provided in sections
forty-five hundred and seventy-seven, forty-five hundred and seventy-eight, and
forty-five hundred and seventy-nine of the Revised Statutes of the United States.
S
. 4. Section forty-five hundred and twenty-nine of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended so as to read as follows:
S
4529. The master or owner of any vessel making coasting voyages shall
pay to every seaman his wages within two days after the termination of the agreement
under which he shipped, or at the time such seaman is discharged, whichever first
happens; and in the case of vessels making foreign voyages, or from a port on the
Atlantic to a port on the Pacific, or vice versa, within twenty-four hours after the
cargo has been discharged, or within four days after the seaman has been discharged,
whichever first happens; and in all cases the seaman shall, at the time of his discharge,
be entitled to be paid, on account of wages, a sum equal to one-third part of the
balance due him. Every master or owner who refuses or neglects to make payment
in manner hereinbefore mentioned without sufficient cause shall pay to the seaman
a sum equal to one day’s pay for each and every day during which payment is delayed
beyond the respective periods, which sum shall be recoverable as wages in any claim
made before the court; but this section shall not apply to the masters or owners of
any vessel the seamen on which are entitled to share in the profits of the cruise or
voyage.
S
. 5. Section forty-five hundred and thirty of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
S
4530. Every seaman on a vessel of the United States shall be entitled to
receive from the master of the vessel to which he belongs one-half part of the wages
which shall be due him at every port where such vessel, after the voyage has com­
menced, shall load or deliver cargo before the voyage is ended unless the contrary
be expressly stipulated in the contract; and when the voyage is ended every such
seaman shall be entitled to the remainder of the wages which shall then be due him
as provided in section forty-five hundred and twenty-nine of the Revised Statutes.
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LABOR LAWS— UNITED STATES— ACTS OF 1898-99.
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Sec. 6. Section forty-five hundred and forty-seven of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4547. If the master against whom such summons is issued neglects to
appear, or, appearing, does not show that the wages are paid or otherwise satisfied or
forfeited, and if the matter in dispute is not forthwith settled, the judge or justice or
commissioner shall certify to the clerk of the district court that there is sufficient
cause of complaint whereon to found admiralty process; and thereupon the clerk of
such court shall issue process against the vessel. In all cases where the matter in
demand does not exceed one hundred dollars the return day of the monition or cita­
tion shall be the first day of a stated or special session of court next succeeding the
third day after the service of the monition or citation, and on the return of process
in open court, duly served, either party may proceed therein to proofs and hearing
without other notice, and final judgment shall be given according to the usual
course of admiralty courts in such cases. In such suits all the seamen having cause
of complaint of the like kind against the same vessel may be joined as complainants,
and it shall be incumbent on the master to produce the contract and log book, if
required to ascertain any matter in dispute; otherwise the complainants shall be
permitted to state the contents thereof, and the burden of proof of the contrary shall
be on the master. But nothing herein contained shall prevent any seaman from
maintaining any action at common law for tlie recovery of his wages, or having
immediate process out of any court having admiralty jurisdiction wherever any
' vessel may be found, in case she shall have left the port of delivery where her voyage
ended before payment of the wages, or in case she shall be about to proceed to sea
before the end of the ten days next after the day when such wages are due, in
accordance with section forty-five hundred and twenty-nine of the Revised Statutes.
Sec. 7. Section forty-five hundred and fifty-six of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended so as to read as follows: *
Section 4556. If the first and second officers under the master or a majority of the
crew of any vessel bound on any voyage shall, before the vessel shall have left the
harbor, discover that the vessel is too leaky or is otherwise unfit in ter crew, body,
tackle, apparel, furniture, provisions, or stores to proceed on the intended voyage,
and shall require such unfitness to be inquired into, the master shall, upon the
request of the first and second officers under the master or such majority of the
crew, forthwith apply to the judge of the district court of that judicial district, if
he shall there reside, or if not, to some justice of the peace of the city, town, or
place for the appointment of surveyors, as in section forty-five hundred and fiftyseven provided, taking with him two or more of the crew who shall have made such
request; and any master refusing or neglecting to comply with these provisions
shall be liable to a penalty of five hundred dollars.
Sec. 8. Section forty-five hundred and fifty-seven of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4557. The judge, or justice, in a domestic port, shall, upon such applica­
tion of the master or commander, issue his precept, directed to three persons in the
neighborhood, the most experienced and skillful in maritime affairs that can be pro­
cured; and whenever such complaint is about the provisions one of such surveyors
shall be a physician or a surgeon of the Marine Hospital Service, if such service is
established at the place where the complaint is made. It shall be the duty of such
surveyors to repair on board such vessel and to examine the same in respect to the
defects and insufficiencies complained of, and make reports to the judge, or justice,
as the case may be, in writing, under their hands or the hands of two of them,
whether in any or in what respect the vessel is unfit to proceed on the intended voy­
age, and what addition of men, provisions, or stores, or what repairs or alterations
in the body, tackle, or apparel will be necessary; and upon such report the judge or
justice shall adjudge and shall indorse on his report his judgment whether the vessel
is fit to proceed on the intended voyage, and, if not, whether such repairs can be
made or deficiencies supplied where the vessel then lies, or whether it is necessary
for her to j^roceed to the nearest or most convenient place where such supplies can
be made or deficiencies supplied; and the master and crew shall, in all things, con­
form to the judgment. The master or commander shall, in the first instance, pay all
the costs of such review, report, or judgment, to be taxed and allowed on a fair
copy thereof, certified by the judge or justice. But if the complaint of the crew
shall appear upon the report and judgment to have been without foundation, the
master or commander, or the owner or consignee of such vessel, shall deduct the
amount thereof, and of reasonable damages for the detention, to be ascertained by
the judge or justice, out of the wages of the complaining seamen.
Sec. 9. Section forty-five hundred and fifty-eight of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4558. If, after judgment that such vessel is fit to proceed on her intended
voyage, or after procuring such men, provisions, stores, repairs, or alterations as may
be directed, the seamen, or either of them, shall refuse to proceed on the voyage, he
shall forfeit any wages that may bo due him.



758

BULLETIN OP THE DEPARTMENT OP LABOR.
Sec. 10< Section forty-five hundred and fifty-nine of tlie Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4559. Upon a complaint in writing, signed by the first or second officer
and a majority of the crew of any vessel while in a foreign port, that such vessel is in
an unsuitable condition to go to sea because she is leaky or insufficiently supplied,
with sails, rigging, anchors, or any other equipment, or that the crew is insufficient
to man her, or that her provisions, stores, and supplies are not, or have not been dur­
ing the voyage, sufficient and wholesome; thereupon, in any of these or like cases,
the consul, or a commercial agent who may discharge any duties of a consul, shall
cause to be appointed three persons, of like qualifications with those described in
section forty-five hundred and fifty-seven, who shall proceed to examine into the
causes of complaint, and they shall be governed in all their proceedings aud proceed
as provided in section forty-five hundred and fifty-seven.
Sec. 11. Section forty-five hundred and sixty-one of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4581. The inspectors in their report shall also state whether in their opin­
ion the vessel was sent to sea unsuitably provided in any important or essential par­
ticular, by neglect or design, or through mistake or accident; and in case it was by
neglect or design, and the consular officer approves of such finding, he shall dis­
charge such of the crew as request it, and shall require the payment by the master
of one month’s wages for each seaman over and above the wages then due, or suffi­
cient money for the return of such of the crew as desire to be discharged to the
nearest and most convenient port of the United States, or by furnishing the seamen
who so desire to be discharged with employment on a ship agreed to by them. But
if in the opinion of the inspectors the defects or deficiencies found to exist have been
the result of mistake or accident, and could not, in the exercise of ordinary care,
have been known and provided against before the sailing of the vessel, and the mas­
ter shall in a reasonable time removo or remedy the causes of complaint, then the
crew shall remain and discharge their duty. If any person knowingly sends or
attempts to send or is party to the sending or attempting to send an American ship
to sea, in the foreign or coastwise trade, in such an unseaworthy state that the life
of any person is likely to bo thereby endangered, he shall, in respect of each ofteuso,
be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished by a fine not to exceed one thousand
dollars or by imprisonment not to exceed five years, or both, at the discretion of tho
court, unless he proves that either he used all reasonable means to insure her being
sent to sea in a seaworthy state, or that her going to sea in an unseawortby state
was, under the circumstances, reasonable and justifiable, and for the purposes of giv­
ing that proof he may give evidence in the same manner as any other witness.
Sec. 12. Section forty-five hundred and sixty-four of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4564. Should any master or owner of any merchant vessel, of the United
States neglect to provide a sufficient quantity of stores to last for a voyage of ordinary
duration to tho port of destination, and in consequence of such neglect the crew arc3
compelled to accept a reduced scale, such master or owner shall be liable to a
penalty as provided in section forty-five hundred and sixty-eight of the Revised
Statutes.
Sec. 13. Section forty-five hundred and sixty-six of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended-to read as follows:
Section 4566. If the officer to whom any such complaint in regard to the provisions
or the water is made certifies in such statement that there was no reasonable ground
for such complaint, each of the parties so complaining shall forfeit to the master or
owner his share of the expense, if any, of the survey.
Sec. 14. Section forty-five hundred and sixty-eight of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 4568. If, during a voyage, the allowance of any of tho provisions which
any seaman is entitled to under section forty-six hundred and twelve of the Revised
Statutes is reduced except for any time during which such seaman willfully and
without sufficient cause lefuses or neglects to perform his duty, or is lawfully under
confinement for misconduct either on board or on shore; or if it shall be shown that
any of such provisions are, or have been during the voyage, bad in quality or unfit
for use, the seaman shall receive, by way of compensation for such reduction or bad
quality, according to the time of its continuance, the following sums, to be paid to
him iu addition to and to be recoverable as wages:
First. If his allowance is reduced by any quantity not exceeding one-third of the
quantity specified by law, a sum not exceeding fifty cents a day.
Second. If his allowance is reduced by more than one-third of such quantity, a
sum not exceeding one dollar a day.
Third. In respect of bad quality, a sum not exceeding one dollar a day.
But if it is shown to tho satisfaction of the court before which the case is tried
that any provisions, the allowance of which has been reduced, could not be pro­



LABOR LAWS----UNITED STATES----ACTS OP 1898-99.
759
cured or supplied in sufficient quantities, or were unavoidably injured or lost, or if
by reason of its innate qualities any article becomes unlit for use and that proper and
equivalent substitutes were supplied in lieu thereof, the court shall take such cir­
cumstances into consideration and shall modify or refuse compensation, as the justice
of the case may require.
Sec. 15. Section forty-five hundred and seventy-two of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 4572. Every vessel bound on any foreign voyage exceeding in length four­
teen days shall also be provided with at least one suit of woolen clothing for each sea­
man, and every vessel in the foreign or domestic trade shall provide a safe and warm
room for the use of seamen in cold weather. Failure to make such provision shall
subject the owner or master to a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars.
Sec. 16. Section forty-five hundred and eighty-one of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 4581. If any consular officer, when discharging any seaman, shall neglect
to require the payment of and collect the arrears of wages and extra wages required
to be paid in the case of the discharge of any seaman, he shall be accountable to
the United States for the full amount thereof. The master shall provide any seaman
so discharged with employment on a vessel agreed to by the seaman, or shall provide
him with one month’s extra wages, if it shall be shown to the satisfaction of the
consul that such seaman was not discharged for neglect of duty, iueompetency, or
injury incurred on the vessel. If the seaman is discharged by voluntary consent
before the consul, he shall be entitled to his wages up to the time of his discharge,
but not for any further period. If the seaman is discharged on account of injury or
illness, incapacitating him for service, the expenses of his maintenance and return
to the United States shall be paid from the fund for the maintenance and transjiortation of destitute American seamen.
Sec. 17. Section forty-five hundred and eighty-two of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 4582. Whenever a vessel of the United States is sold in a foreign country
and her company discharged, it shall be the duty of the master to produce to the con­
sular officer a certified list of the ship’s company, and also the shipping articles,
and besides paying to each seaman or apprentice the wages due him, he shall either
provide him with adequate employment on board some other vessel bound to the
port at which he was originally shipped, or to such other port as may be agreed upon
by him, or furnish the means of sending him to such port, or provide him with a
passage home, or deposit with the consular officer such sum of money as is by the
officer deemed sufficient to defray the expenses of his maintenance and passage
home; and the consular officer shall endorse upon the agreement with the crew of
the ship which the seaman or apprentice is leaving the particulars of any payment,
provision, or deposit made under this section. A failure to comply with the pro­
visions of this section shall render the owner liable to a fine of not exceeding fifty
dollars.
Sp:c. 18. Section forty-five hundred and eighty-throe of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 4583. Whenever on the discharge of a seaman in a foreign country by a
consular officer on his complaint that the voyage is continued contrary to agreement,
or that the vessel is badly provisioned or unsea worthy, or against officers for cruel
treatment, it shall be the duty of the consul or consular agent to institute a proper
inquiry into the matter, and, upon his being satisfied of the truth and justice of
such complaint, he shall require the master to pay to such seaman one month’s
wages over and above the wages due at the time of discharge, and to provide him
with adequate employment on board some other vessel, or provide him with a pas­
sage on board some other vessel bound for the port from which he was originally
shipped, or to the most convenient port of entry in the United States, or to a port
agreed to by the seaman.
Sec. 19. Section forty-five hundred and ninety-six of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
S e c t i o n The words “ domestic trade” in this section shall include trade
between ports of the United States and trade between ports of the United States
and the Dominion of Canada, Newfoundland, the West Indies, and Mexico. The
words “ foreign trade” shall include trade between ports of the United States and
foreign ports, except as above specified, and trade between Atlantic and Pacific
ports of the United States. Whenever any seaman who has been lawfully engaged
or any apprentice to the sea service commits any of the following offenses he shall
be punishable as follows:
First. For desertion, if the offense occurs at a port of the United States, or a for­
eign port in the domestic'trade, by forfeiture of all or any part of the clothes or
effects he leaves on board and of all or any part of the wages or emoluments which
he has then earned. If the offense occurs at a foreign port in the foreign trade, by



760

BULLETIN OP THE DEPARTMENT OP LABOR.
forfeiture of all or any part of the clothes or effects he leaves on board and of all or
any part of the wages or emoluments which he has then earned; and also, at the
discretion of the court, by imprisonment for not more than one month.
Second. For neglecting or refusing, without reasonable cause, to join his vessel or
to proceed to sea in his vessel, or for absence without leave at any time within
twenty-four hours of the vessel's sailing from any port, either at the commencement
or during the progress of any voyage, or for absence at any time without leave and
without sufficient reason from his vessel or from his duty, not amounting to deser­
tion or not treated as such by the master, if the offense occur at a port of the United
States or a foreign port in the domestic trade, by a forfeiture from his wages of not
more than two days' pay, or sufficient to defray any expenses which have been
properly incurred in hiring a substitute; or if the offense occurs at a foreign port,
in the foreign trade, by a forfeiture from his wages of not more than two days' pay,
or, at the discretion of the court, by imprisonment for not more than one month.
Third. For quitting the vessel, in whatever trade engaged, at a foreign or domestic
port, without leave after her arrival at her port of delivery and before she is placed
in security, by forfeiture from his wages of not more than one month's pay.
Fourth. For willful disobedience to any lawful command at sea, by being, at the
option of the master, placed in irons until such disobedience shall cease, and upon
arrival in port, if of the United States, by forfeiture from his wages of not more than
four days' pay, or upon arrival in a foreign port by forfeiture from his wages of not
more than four days' pay, or, at the discretion of the court, by imprisonment for not
more than one month.
Fifth. For continued willful disobedience to lawful commands or continued willful
neglect of duty at sea by being, at the option of the master, placed in irons, on bread
and water, with full rations every fifth day, until such disobedience shall cease, and
up n arrival in port, if of the United States, by forfeiture, for every twenty-four
hours' continuance of such disobedience or neglect, of either a sum of not more than
twelve days’ pay or sufficient to defray any expenses which have been properly in­
curred in hiring a substitute, or upon arrival in a foreign port, in addition to the
above penalty, by imprisonment for not more than three months, at the discretion of
the court.
Sixth. For assaulting any master or mate, in whatever trade engaged, by imprison­
ment for not more than two years.
Seventh. For willfully damaging the vessel, or embezzling or willfully damaging
any of the stores or cargo, in whatever trade engaged, by forfeiture out of his wages
of a sum equal in amount to the loss thereby sustained, and also, at the discretion of
the court, by imprisonment for not more than twelve months.
Eighth. For any act of smuggling for which he is convicted, and whereby loss or
damage is occasioned to the master or owner, in whatever trade engaged, he shall
be liable to pay such master or owner such a sum as is sufficient to reimburse the
master or owner for such loss or damage; and the whole or any part of his wages may
be retained in satisfaction or on account of such liability; and he shall be liable to
imprisonment for a period of not more than twelve months.
Sec. 20. Section forty-five hundred and ninety-seven of the Revised Statutes is
hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 4597. Upon the commission of any of the offenses enumerated in the preced­
ing section an entry thereof shall be made in the official log book on the day on which
the offense was committed, and shall be signed by the master and by the mate or by
one of the crew; and the offender, if still in the vessel, shall, before her next arrival
at any port, or, if she is at the time in port, before her departure therefrom, be fur­
nished with a copy of such entry, and have the same read over distinctly and audi­
bly to him, and may thereupon make such a reply thereto as he thinks fit; and a
statement that a copy of the entry has been*so furnished, or the same has been so read
over, together with his reply, if any, made by the offender, shall likewise be entered
and signed in the same manner. In any subsequent legal proceedings the entries
hereinbefore required shall, if practicable, be produced or proved, and in default of
such production or proof the court hearing the case may, at its discretion, refuse to
receive evidence of the offense.
Sec. 21. Section forty-six hundred of the Revised Statutes is hereby amended to
read as follows:
Section 4600. It shall^be the duty of all consular officers to reclaim deserters, dis­
countenance insubordination by every means in their power, and, where the local
authorities can be usefully employed for that purpose, to lend their aid and use
their exertions to that end in the most effectual manner. In ail cases where seamen
or officers are accused the consular officer shall inquire into the facts and proceed
as provided in section forty-five hundred and eighty-three of the Revised Statutes;
and the officer discharging such seaman shall enter upon the crew list and shipping
articles and official log the cause of discharge and the particulars in which the cruel
or unusual treatment consisted, and subscribe his name thereto officially. He shall



LABOR LAWS— UKITED STATES----ACTS OP 1898-99.
761
read the entry made in the official log to the master, and his reply thereto, if any,
shall likewise he entered and subscribed in the same manner.
Sec. 22. Section forty-six hundred and eleven of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended to read as follows:
Section 4611. Flogging and all other forms of corporal punishment are hereby
prohibited on board any vessel and no form of corporal punishment on board any
vessel shall be deemed justifiable, and any master or other officer thereof who shall
violate the aforesaid provisions of this section or either thereof shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, punishable by imprisonment not less than three months or
more than two years. Whenever any officer other than the master of such vessel
shall violate any provision of this section, it shall be the duty of such master to
surrender such officer to the proper authorities as soon as practicable. Any failure
upon the part of such master to comply herewith, which failure shall result in the
escape of such officer, shall render said master liable in damages to the person
illegally punished by such officer.
Sec. 23. Section forty-six hundred and twelve of the Revised Statutes is hereby
amended by striking out the scale of provisions and substitutes in Table A, and in
place thereof inserting the following scale of provisions and substitutes to be
allowed and served out to the crew during the voyage:
Sun­
day.
" W a t e r .....................................................
B i s c u i t .....................................................
R eef, s a l t ................................................ ..p o u n d s ..
P o r k , s a l t ______ ________________ .. . p o u n d . .
F l o u r ........................................................ . . . p o u n d . .
0 arm ed m e a t ___________________
F r e s h b r e a d ..........................................
F i s h , d ry , p r e s e r v e d , o r f r e s h . . . . .p o u n d ..
P o ta to e s o r y a m s ............................
C an o ed to m a to e s ______________ __ p o u n d ..
P e a s e ___________________________ ..........p i n t . .
R ea n s ___________________________ _____ p i n t . .
"R,iee_____________________________ ______ p i n t ..
Coffee (g re e n b e r r y ) ..................... .
T e a ............................................................ .
S u g a r .......................................................
lift d a s se s____________ _________ ..........p i n t . .
D ried f r u i t ____________ ________
o u n c e s ..
P i c k l e s __________________________ ..........p i n t ..
V i n e g a r _______________________ _ ..........p i n t . .
o u n ces..
C!nrn m eal - T____________________
. _____ ______________
o u n c e s ..
L a r d .........................................................
B u t t e r ..................................................... .
M u s ta rd , p e p p e r, a u d s a l t su fficien t fo r
s e a s o n in g .

Onions T

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SUBSTITUTES.

One pound of flour daily may be substituted for the daily ration of biscuit or
fresh bread; two ounces of desiccated vegetables for one pound of potatoes or yams;
six ounces of hominy, oatmeal, or cracked wheat, or two ounces of tapioca, for six
ounces of rice; six ounces of canned vegetables for one-half pound of canned toma­
toes; one-eighth of an ounce of tea for three-fourths of an ounce of coffee; threefourths of an ounce of coffee for one-eighth of an ounce of tea; six ounces of canned
fruit for three ounces of dried fruit; one-half ounce of lime juice for the daily ration
of vinegar; four ounces of oatmeal or cracked-wheat for one-half pint of corn meal;
two ounces of pickled onions for four ounces of fresh onions.
When the vessel is in port and it is jiossible to obtain the same, one and ono-half
pounds of fresh meat shall be substituted for the daily rations of salt and canned
meat; one-half pound of green cabbage for one ration of canned tomatoes; one-half
pound of fresh fruit for one ration of dried fruit. Fresh fruit and vegetables shall
be served while in port if obtainable. The seamen shall have the option of accept­
ing the fare the master may provide, but the right at any time to demand the fore­
going scale of provisions.
The foregoing scale of provisions shall be inserted in every article of agreement,
and shall not be reduced by any contract, except as above, and a copy of the same
shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the galley and in the forecastle of each
vessel.
Sec. 24. Section ten of chapter one hundred and twenty-one of the laws of eighteen
hundred and eighty-four, as amended by section three of chapter four hundred and



762

BULLETIN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR.

twenty-one of the laws of eighteen hundred and eighty-six, is hereby amended to
read as follow s:
S
10. (a) It shall be, and is hereby, made unlaw ful in any case to pay any sea­
man wages in advance of the time when he has actually earned the same, or to pay such
advance wages to any other person. Any person paying such advance wages shall bo
deemed guilty of amisdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine not
less than four times the amount of wages so advanced, and may also be imprisoned for
a period not exceeding six months, at the discretion of the court. The paym ent of
such advance wages shall in no case, excepting as herein provided, absolve the ves­
sel or the m aster or owner thereof from full paym ent of wages after the same shall
have been actually earned, and shall be no defense to a libel, suit, or action for the
recovery of such wages. If any person shall demand or receive, either directly or
indirectly, from any seaman or other person seeking employment as seaman, or from
any person on his behalf, any rem uneration w hatever for providing him w ith em­
ployment, he shall for every such offense be liable to a pomtlty of not more than one
hundred dollars.
(b) It shall be law ful for any seaman to stipulate in his shipping agreem ent for
an allotm ent of any portion of the wages which he may earn to his grand parents,
parents, wife, sister, or children. But no allotm ent w hatever shall be allowed in
the trade between the ports of the United States (except as provided in subdivision
c of this section) or in trade between ports of the U nited States and the Dominion of
Canada, Newfoundland, the W est Indies, and Mexico.
(c) It shall be lawful for any seaman engaged in a vessel bound from a port on the
A tlantic to a port on the Pacific, or vice versa, or in a vessel engaged in foreign trade,
except trade between the United States and the Dominion of Canada or Newfound­
land or the W est Indies or the Republic of Mexico, to stipulate in his shipping
agreement for an allotm ent of an amount, to be fixed by regulation of the Commis­
sioner of Navigation, w ith the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, not exceed­
ing one m onth’s wages, to an original creditor in liquidation of any ju st debt for
board or clothing which he may have contracted prior to engagement.
(d) No allotm ent note shall be valid unless signed by and approved by the ship­
ping commissioner. It shall be the duty of said commissioner to examine such allot­
m ents and the parties to them and enforce compliance w ith the law. All stipulations
for the allotm ent of any part of the wages of a seaman during his absence which are
made at the commencement of the voyage shall be inserted in the agreement, and
shall state the amounts and times of the payments to be made and the persons to
whom the paym ents are to be made.
(e) No allotm ent except as provided for in this section shall be lawful. Any per­
son who shall falsely claim to be such relation as above described of a seaman under
this section or shall make a false statem ent of the nature or am ount of any debt
claimed to bo duo from any seaman under this section shall for every such offense
be punishable by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars or imprisonment not
exceeding six months, at the discretion of the court.
(f) This section shall apply as well to foreign vessels as to vessels of the United
States; and any master, owner, consignee, or agent of any foreign vessel who has
violated its provisions shall be liable to the same penalty th a t the master, owner, or
agent of a vessel of the United States would be for similar violation: P r o v i d e d ,
That treaties in force between the United States and foreign nations do not conflict.
(g) Under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury the Commissioner of
Navigation shall make regulatious to carry out this section.
Sec. 25. Section three of chapter four hundred and twenty-one of the laws of
eighteen hundred and eighty-six, approved June nineteenth, eighteen hundred and
eighty-six; sections forty-five hundred and thirty-one, forty-five hundred and thirtytwo, forty-five hundred and thirty-three, forty-five hundred and thirty-four, fortyfive hundred and ninety-eight, forty-five hundred and ninety-nine, forty-six hundred
and one, and forty-six hundred and nine, of the Revised Statutes, and so much of
chapter ninety-seven of the laws of eighteen hundred and ninety-five as relates to
allotm ent, and subdivision eight of section forty-five hundred and eleven of the
Revised Statutes, in so far as the same relates to the domestic trade as defined in
section nineteen of this act, and section three of an act entitled (i An act to amend
the laws relating to navigation, and for other purposes,” approved April fourth,
eighteen hundred and eighty-eight, chapter sixty-one, page eighty, Statutes Fiftieth
Congress, first session, are hereby repealed.
Sec. 26. This act shall take effect sixty days after its approval, and shall apply to
all vessels not herein specifically exempted, but sections one, two, three, four, five,
six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, tw enty-three, and
tw enty-four shall not apply to fishing or w haling vessels or yachts.
Approved December 21, 1898.
e c t io n




LABOR LAWS— UNITED STATES— ACTS OF 1898-99.

763

419.— C e n s u s — C o l l e c t i o n o f s t a t i s t i c s o f o c c u p a t i o n s , w a g e s , e t c .
S
7. The Twelfth Census shall he restricted to inquiries relating to the popu­
lation, to m ortality, to the products of agriculture and of m anufacturing and mechani­
cal establishm ents. *The schedules relating to the population shall comprehend for
each inhabitant the * * * occupation, months unemployed, * * *. The
m ortality schedules shall comprehend for each decedent the * * * occupation,
* * *. The schedules of inquiries relating to the products of m anufacturing and
mechanical establishm ents shall embrace the name andlocation ofeach establishm ent;
character of organization, whether individual, cooperative, or other form; date of
commencement of operations; character of business or kind of goods m anufactured;
am ount of capital invested; num ber of proprietors, firm members, copartners, or
officers, and the am ount of their salaries; num ber of employees, and the am ount of
their wages; quantity and cost of m aterials used in m anufactures; am ount of mis­
cellaneous expenses; quantity and value of products; time in operation during
the census year; character and quantity of power used, and character and number
of machines employed. * * *
S
. 8. After the completion and return of the enumeration and of the work upon
the schedules relating * * * to m anufacturing and mechanical establishm ents
provided for in section seven of this act, the Director of the Census is hereby author­
ized to collect statistics relating * * * to electric lights and power, telephone
and telegraph business; to transportation by water, express business, and street rail­
w ays; to mines, mining and minerals, and the production and value thereof, includ­
ing gold, in divisions of placer and vein, and silver mines, and the num ber of men
employed, the average daily wage, average working time and aggregate earnings in
the various branches and aforesaid divisions of the mining indu stry; * *
Approved March 3, 1899.
C
424.— G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O ffice— P a t e o f p a y m e n t o f p r i n t e r s a n d b o o k b i n d e r s .
C

h a pter

e c t io n

e c

h a pter

(P a g e s 1074 am i 1119.)

1. The following sums are hereby appropriated for the objects hereinafter
expressed, for the fiscal year ending June 30, nineteen hundred, nam ely: * * *
For the public printing, for the public binding, * * * including salaries or com­
pensation of all necessary clerks and employees, for labor (by the day, piece, or
contract), * * * three million four hundred and sixty-seven thousand dollars:
P r o v i d e d , T hat in the expenditure of this appropriation the Public Printer may, dur­
ing the fiscal year nineteen hundred, in bis discretion, pay all printers and book­
binders employed in the Government Printing Office at the rate of fifty cents per
hour for tim e actually employed; * * *.
Approved March 3, 1899.
S e c t io

n




RECENT GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS.
[The Secretaries of the Treasury, W ar, and Navy Departm ents have consented to
furnish statem ents of all contracts for constructions and repairs entered into by
them. These, as received, will appear from time to time in the Bulletin.]

The following contracts have been made by the office of the Super­
vising Architect of the Treasury:
S a n F r a n c is c o , Cal .—July 5, 1899. Contract with McPhee Com­
pany for repairs to stonework, etc., on branch mint, $37,625. Work to
be completed within one hundred and eighty-two days.
S a n F r a n c is c o , C a l .— July 6, 1899. Contract wittr Bentley Con­
struction Company, Portland, Oreg., for masonry work, roof covering,
etc., for court-house, post-office, etc., $801,500. Work to be completed
within twenty months.
M i n n e a p o l i s , M in n .—July 8,1899. Contract with H. N. Leighton
Company for extension, except heating apparatus and electric fixtures,
and changes in post-office, $47,532. Work to be completed within five
months.
M e m p h i s , T e n n . —July 13, 1899. Contract with Nels Johnson,
Manistee, Mich., for work on custom-house, court-house, and post-office,
$1,685. Work to be completed within four months.
E l l i s I s l a n d , H. Y.—August 22, 1899. Contract with Hecla Iron
Works, Brooklyn, N. Y., for ornamental ironwork for main building for
immigrant station, $16,775. Work to be completed within six months.
S t . P a u l , M in n .—September 5,1899. Contract with D. H. Hayes
Company, Chicago, 111., for foundations, superstructure, and roof cover­
ing of extension of post-office, court-house, and custom-house, $144,000.
Work to be completed within twelve months.
764