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DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.
BULLETIN
OF THE
BUREAU OF LABOR.
No. 63-MARCH, 1906.
ISSUED EVERY OTHER MONTH.
W A S H IN G T O N :
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE.
1906.
CONTENTS.
Page.
W orkingm en’ s insurance.................................................................................................
337
Course o f w holesale prices, 1890 to 1905............................................................... 338-502
D igest of recent reports of State bureaus of labor statistics:
C onnecticut............................................................................................................. 503-505
K an sas......................................................
505-507
M aryland................................................................................................................ 507-509
M assachusetts......................................................................................................... 510-513
New J ersey ............................................................................................................... 513-516
Digest o f recent foreign statistical pu blications...................................................... 517-546
D ecisions of courts affecting la bor............................................................................. 547-568
Laws of various States relating to labor enacted since January 1, 1904.......... 569-591
Cum ulative in dex of labor laws and decisions relating th ereto........................... 593-596
hi
B U L L E T IN
OP THE
BUREAU
No. 63.
OF
LABOR.
W A S H IN G T O N .
M
arch,
1906.
WORKINGMEN’S INSURANCE.
The Bureau of Labor is engaged in the preparation of a report on
workingmen’s insurance in the United States and in foreign countries.
It is the purpose of this investigation to show the organization and
operation of the various systems of private and State insurance of
workingmen against sickness, accident, disability, old age, death, and
unemployment. A full account will also be given of the laws con
cerning workingmen’s insurance and the liability of employers for
accidents to their employees.
In order that this investigation may be as nearly complete as possi
ble, the Commissioner of Labor is desirous of obtaining information
in regard to all establishment relief funds and employees’ mutual aid
societies for insurance against sickness, accident, disability, old age,
death, or unemployment, as well as all benefit and relief features of
national and international labor organizations, and local or branch
labor unions, both in the United States and in foreign countries. It
is desired to obtain, if possible, copies of the constitutions, rules and
by-laws, blank forms, annual or other regular periodical reports, finan
cial statements, etc., of these institutions. In addition to such mate
rial as is above indicated, any information which will enable the Bureau
of Labor to locate institutions of this character is also desired. Per
sons possessing such material or information are requested to com
municate with the Commissioner of Labor, Washington, D. C.
337
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
In order to meet the demand for continuous quotations of prices of
staple articles and for statistics showing the changes in the general
price level, the Bureau of Labor collected in 1901 data relating to
wholesale prices for the period from 1890 to 1901. These prices were
compiled and both actual and relative prices for the twelve years pub
lished in Bulletin No. 39— the issue of March, 1902. In the March
issue of the Bulletin each year since 1902 the compilation has been
continued to include actual prices for the year immediately preceding
and relative prices for the whole period since 1890. Following that
plan, the present Bulletin contains actual prices for 1905 and relative
prices for the sixteen years from 1890 to 1905.
Wholesale prices, considering all commodities, reached a higher
point in 1905 than at any other time during the sixteen years covered
by this investigation. The average for the year 1905 was 15.9 per cent
above the average for the 10-year period 1890 to 1899, 29.2 per cent
above the low price in 1897, and 2.6 per cent above the average
for 1904.
The 1905 average, compared with the year of lowest average prices
during the sixteen years from 1890 to 1905, in each of the general
groups of commodities shows farm products 58.6 per cent higher than
in 1896; food, etc., 29.7 per cent higher than in 1896; cloths and
clothing, 22.9 per cent higher than in 1897; fuel and lighting, 39.4 per
cent higher than in 1894; metals and implements, 41.8 per cent higher
than in 1898; lumber and building materials, 41.4 per cent higher than
in 1897; drugs and chemicals, 24.1 per cent higher than in 1895; house
furnishing goods, 21.5 per cent higher than in 1897; and the articles
included in the miscellaneous group, 23.4 per cent higher than in 1896.
Prices reached the highest point in December, 1905, when they were
19.9 per cent above the average for the 10-year period 1890 to 1899
and 33.7 per cent above the low price in 1897. Prices in December,
1905, were 5.6 per cent above the prices in December, 1904.
In the record of prices for the sixteen years from 1890 to 1905,
249 series of quotations have been secured for the entire period and
an additional 12 for some portion of the period. No quotations are
shown for imported tin plate since 1898, and quotations for Ashton’s
salt have not been included in the index since 1903, which leaves 259
series of quotations for the years 1904 and 1905.
338
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
339
Although in the case of commodities of great importance more than
one series of quotations have been used, in no case has an article of a
particular description been represented by more than one series of
quotations. For this reason the terms “ series of quotations” and
44 commodities” have been used interchangeably in the pages which
follow. The actual prices from which the index numbers or relative
prices for 1890 to 1901 were computed were shown in Table I, Bulletin
39, in detail; those from which the relative prices for 1902 were com
puted were shown in detail in Table I, Bulletin 45; those from which the
relative prices for 1903 were computed were shown in detail in Table
I, Bulletin 51; those from which the relative prices for 1904 were
computed were shown in detail in Table I , Bulletin 57; and those from
which the relative prices for 1905 were computed are shown in detail
in Table 1 in this Bulletin. In securing these prices the effort has
been made to include staple commodities only. In a number of
instances it was found possible to continue prices for the same com
modities that were included in the Report on Wholesale Prices, Wages,
and Transportation, submitted by Mr. Aldrich from the Senate Com
mittee on Finance, March 3,1893. Many articles which were included
in that report are no longer manufactured, or, if still manufactured,
have ceased to be important factors in the market. On the other hand,
a number of articles not shown in that report have become of such
importance as to render necessary their inclusion in any study of the
course of prices.
The commodities covered in 1904 and 1905 by the 259 series of quo
tations have been classified under 9 general groups, as follows:
Farm products, 16 series of quotations.
F ood, etc., 53 series of quotations.
Cloths and clothing, 76 series o f quotations.
Fuel and lighting, 13 series o f quotations.
M etals and im plem ents, 38 series of quotations.
Lum ber and building materials, 27 series of quotations.
Drugs and chem icals, 9 series o f quotations.
H ouse furnishing goods, 14 series of quotations.
M iscellaneous, 13 series of quotations.
Table I — Wholesale prices o f commodities in 1905, pages 388 to 437.—
This table shows in detail the actual prices from which the subsequen.
tables of index numbers are calculated. As stated previously, the 259
series of quotations have been classified under 9 groups of commodi
ties, and this grouping has been uniformly adhered to in the several
tables which are given.
The prices quoted in every instance are wholesale prices. Whole
sale prices have invariably been used in compilations which have been
made for the purpose of showing changes in the general price level of
all commodities. They are more sensitive than retail prices and more
quickly reflect changes in conditions. Retail prices usually follow
340
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
the wholesale, but not generally in the same proportion. The margin
between them in the case of some commodities is so great that slight
changes in the wholesale price do not affect the retail. Changes in
the wholesale price which last for a short time only do not usually
result in corresponding changes in the retail price.
The net cash prices are shown for textiles and all articles whose list
prices are subject to large and varying discounts. In the case of a
number of articles, such as white pine, nails, etc., however, whose
prices are subject to a small discount for cash, no deduction has been
made.
The prices have been collected from the best available sources, such
as standard trade journals, officials of boards of trade, chambers of
commerce, and produce exchanges, and leading manufacturers or their
selling agents.
The prices quoted are usually the prices in the New York market,
except for such articles as have their primary market in some other
locality. For grains, live stock, etc., for example, Chicago prices are
quoted; for fish, except salmon, Boston prices; for tar, Wilmington,
N. C ., prices; for white pine, Buffalo prices; for Elgin creamery butter,
Elgin, 111. y prices, etc. The prices for textiles are the prices in the
general distributing markets, such as New York, Boston, and Phila
delphia; and where no market is mentioned in the prefatory note to
Table I, it should be understood that the prices are for the general
market.
The following table shows the different markets and the number of
articles quoted for each market:
NUMBER OF COMMODITIES OR SERIES OF QUOTATIONS IN 1906, CLASSIFIED BY MARKETS
FOR WHICH SECURED.
Market.
Lum
Fuel Metals ber,and
Farm Food, Cloths
and and im build
and
prod etc. cloth
light ple ing ma
ucts.
ing.
ing. ments. terials.
New Y o rk ............................
C hicago...............................
Factory, mine, wells, e tc..
Pittsburg............ : ...............
B uffalo.................................
Philadelphia......................
Boston..................................
Trenton, N. J ......................
Cincinnati...........................
Eastern markets (Balt.,
Boston, N. Y., P hila.). . . .
Elgin, 111.............................
Lasalle, 111..........................
Peoria, 111...........................
Washington, D. C ..............
Wilmington, N. C ..............
General m arket.................
2
14
T o ta l..........................
16
43
6
2
9
3
21
1
1
7
21
Drugs House Mis
and
fur cella Total.
chem nishing neous.
icals. goods.
9
1
6
12
3
4
4
3
1
1
3
1
2
13
259
1
2
72
53
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
76
i
1
76
13
38
2
27
9
14
125
20
8
7
4
4
3
3
2
A s regards the description of the commodity, it should be stated
that the greatest care has been taken to secure prices throughout the
period from 1890 to 1905 for a commodity of precisely the same
341
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
description. Changes in quality are, of course, reflected in prices,
and for this reason note has been made of any important changes
which have occurred. In the case of certain commodities, such as
butter, eggs, etc., prices for the best quality have invariably been
taken in order to avoid frequent changes in grade. It should also be
stated in this connection that in the case of commodities for which
prices were secured from the Oil, Paint, and Drug Keporter the low
est quotations were invariably taken where a range of prices was
found because of the fact that, in that, publication, these represent the
prices of large lots, while the high quotations represent the prices of
smaller lots.
W eekly quotations have been secured in the case of all articles which
are subject to frequent fluctuations in price, such as butter, cheese,
eggs, grain, live stock, meats, etc. In the case of articles whose prices
are more stable, monthly or annual quotations have been taken. The
following table shows the number of series of weekly, monthly, and
annual price quotations:
NUMBER OF COMMODITIES OR SERIES OF QUOTATIONS, CLASSIFIED AS TO THEIR
FREQUENCY OF QUOTATION IN 1905.
Frequency of quotation.
W eek ly ...............................
Farm Food, Cloths
and
prod etc. cloth
ucts.
ing.
Drugs HOU86 Mis
fur cella
ana
chem nishing neous. Total.
icals. goods.
13
3
22
31
1
64
11
1
12
38
27
9
14
1
12
38
210
11
16
53
76
13
38
27
9
14
13
259
A nn ually...........................
Total..........................
Lum
Fuel Metals ber
and
and
and
build
light imple ing ma
ing. ments. terials.
The character of each series of quotations as regards frequency is
shown in all cases in Table I in a prefatory note which states fully the
date of the quotations and, if weekly, whether the quotations are for
some particular day of the week, the average for the week, or the range
for the week. The majority of the weekly quotations show the price
on Tuesday, and if for any reason Tuesday’s price was not obtainable
the first price in the week has been taken. The quotations from trade
and other journals, when credited to the first of each month, are not
in all instances the price for the exact day stated, as it is a common
practice of the daily papers which make a specialty of market reports
to devote certain days to the review of the market of certain articles.
For example, the Boston Herald quotes fish on Saturday only. The
prices are, however, the earliest prices quoted in the journal to which
the article is credited. It should also be stated that the monthly
prices credited to weekly publications are the earliest quotations shown
in such publications for each month.
The weight of a loaf of bread is, in some localities, regulated by
statute, while in many others the price per loaf is not affected by
changes in the price of flour, yet the weight of the loaf is changed
342
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
from time to time. During 1904, with the advance in the price of
flour, the weight of the loaf was in some cities decreased. For this
reason the relative prices of bread are computed on the price per
pound and not per loaf. Table I shows the price per loaf, the price
per pound, and the weight each month during 1905.
The average price for the year was obtained by dividing the sum of
the quotations for a given commodity by the number of quotations
shown. For example, the sum of the Tuesdays’ prices of cotton for
1905 (shown in Table I) was $4.9675, and the number of quotations 52.
The former figure divided by the latter gives $0.09553 as the average
price for the year. W here a range was shown the mean price for
each date was found, and this was used in computing the yearly
average. The average yearly price of each article was computed as
above described. The reader will understand that, in order to secure
for any commodity a strictly scientific average price for the year, one
must know the quantity marketed and the price for which each unit of
quantity was sold. It is manifestly impossible to secure such detail,
and even were it possible the work of compilation would be much
greater than the results would justify. It is believed that the method
adopted here, which is also that used in the construction of other index
numbers, secures results which are quite as valuable for all practical
purposes.
An examination of’ Table I in the present Bulletin in connection
with Table I in Bulletins No. 39, 45, 51, and 57 shows that the prices
of some of the commodities included in these index numbers were
subject to frequent and decided fluctuations, while the prices of others
were almost, and in two cases altogether, uniform throughout the
period. The following table shows the lowest and highest quotations
and the dates of the same for each of the commodities during the
sixteen-year period. Only the commodities for which the quotations
throughout the period have been for practically the same description
of article are included in this table.
LOW EST AND H IG H E ST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905.
[For a more detailed description of the articles see Table I, page 388 et seq.]
F A R M PROD UCTS.
Lowest.
Highest.
Article.
Date.
Price.
Barley: by sample................ 3d week Aug 1896 60.181 -60.35
Date.
Price.
Unit.
4th week Oct 60.58 -60.81
Bushel
1890.
3d,4thTuesAug, 7.60 - 9.00
100 lbs
1st Tues Sept
1902.
2d, 3d, 4th Tues
6.70 - 7.60
100 lbs
Cattle: steers, good to 2d Tues Jau 1890 3.00 -3 .9 0
Aug, 1st, 2d
choice.
TuesSeptl902.
Bushel
5th Tues May
.481- 1.00
Corn: No. 2, cash................. 2d Tues Sept 1896 .1 9 1 - .20
1892.
.161 Pound
Cotton: upland, m iddling.. 1st Tues Feb, 1st,
•05ft 1st Tues Feb
1904.
2d Tues Nov
1
1898.
Cattle: steers, choice to ex
tra.
4th week Apr
1896.
3.85 - 4.25
343
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
LOW EST AN D H IG H E ST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905— Continued.
FARM PRODUCTS—Concluded.
Lowest.
Article.
Highest.
Price.
Date.
Flaxseed: No. 1..................... Sept 1896............
Hay: timothy, No. 1............ 3d,4thTuesJuly
1898.
Hides: green, salted, pack June i894..........
ers, heavy natiye steers.
Hogs: heavy......................... 4th Tues July
1896.
Hogs: light........................... 3dTuesSeptl896
Hops: N. Y. State, choice .. Sent 1895............
Oats: cash............................. 2dTuesSeptl896
Rye: No. 2, cash................... 5th Tues June
1896.
Sheep: n a tiv e...................... 5th Tues Octl894
60.631- .64
6.50 -8 .0 0
Date.
Price.
July 1901............
81.88
3dTuesAprl891 15.50 -16.60
.0500- .0513 Dec 1905............
Unit.
Bushel
Ton
.1577 Pound
2.50 -3 .1 5
2dTuesFebl893
8.10 - 8.65
100 lbs
2.80 -3 .3 5
.06 - .07
.14f
.281
2dTuesFebl893
Nov 1890............
4thTuesJulyl902
3dTuesAugl891
7.90 - 8.25
. 45 - .47
.63|- .64
.9 7 -1 .0 0
100 lb
Pound
Bushel
Bushel
.75 -3 .2 5
4th Tues Mar
1903.
5th Tues Mar
1903.
2dTuesMayl898
4.50 - 7.00
100 lbs
3.50 - 7.00
100 lbs
1.73 - 1.85
Bushel
i
OO
T*
Sheep: western..................... 5th Tues Aug 1.00 -3 .0 0
1893.
Wheat: contract grades, 5th Tues Jan 1895
cash.
FOOD, FTC.
Sept 1901............
82.75
Bushel
Fet> to Dec 1905.
.09
Pound
June 1898..........
.08* Pound
Aug 1896, Nov
.0444 Pounda
1904.
.0240 Oct 1904 to Dec
Bread: loaf, homemade Jan to May 1896.
.0376 Pounda
1905.
(N. Y. market).
.0267 Oct 1904 to Dec
Bread: loaf, Vienna (N. Y. Jan to May 1896.
.0400 Pounda
1905.
market).
1st Mon Mar 80.34 - .35* Pound
Butter: creamery, Elgin 1st Mon June 80.131- .14
1891.
(Elgin market).
1890.
Butter: creamery, extra 2d Tues June
.13*- .14
2d Tues Mar
.35 - .36* Pound
1891.
(N. Y. market).
1890.
.1 3 - .13* 2d Tues Mar
3d Tues Apr 1896
.33
Pound
1891.
.06 - .06* 4th Tues Mar to
.14*- .14* Pound
Cheese: N. Y. State, full 3d Tues May1895
4th Tues Apr
cream.
1903.
.05*- .05* Oct 1890..............
May, June, Aug,
Coffee: Rio No. 7 .
.18*- .19
Pound
Sept 1903.
.10*- -.10* 1st Tues Jan
Eggs: new-laid,
fancy, 1st Tues Apr 1897
.3 8 - .47
Dozen
1904.
near-by.
Feb, Mar 1892,
Fish: cod, dry, bank, large Mar to Sept 1896, 4.00 - 4.25
7.75 - 8.00 Quintal
Aug 1897.
Mar 1904, Nov,
Dec 1905.
Feb 1905............ 6.50 - 7.00
Fish: herring, shore, round. May to Aug 1892. 2.00 - 2.25
Barrel
8.00 - 9.00
Sept, Oct 1890...
20.00
Fish: mackerel, salt, large June 1897..........
Barrel
No. 3s.
Fish: salmon, cann ed........ Apr 1898............ 1.10 - 1.30
Mar 1890............ 1.75 - 2.00 12 cans
Flour: buckwheat............... Apr 1897............ 1.00 - 1.15
Sept 1891............ 3.50 - 3.65
100 lbs
2 . 00 - 2 . 40
Flour: ry e ............................. Julv 1897 ..........
Nov 1891............ 5.15 - 5.90
Barrel
Flour: wheat, spring pat 1stTues Novl894 3.15 - 3.40
2d Tues May
7.00 - 7.75
Barrel
lOQ Q
ents.
A0«70*
2.40 - 2.65
Flour:
wheat,
winter 2d Tues Oct to
2d Tues May
6.25 - 6.75
Barrel
straights.
1st Tues Nov
1898.
1894.
.03*- .03* Feb 1891............ ‘ .14*- .15* Pound
Fruit: apples, evaporated, Apr 1897............
choice.
.01*- .02* May 1891............
Pound
Fruit: apples, sun-dried___ May 1897............
.11 - .13
.01*- .01* Oct 1900 ............
.1 2 - .12* Pound
Fruit: currants, in barrels.. Apr, May 1894..
.03*- .03* Oct 1890 ............
.12*- .13
Fruit: prunes, California, May 1905............
Pound
in boxes.
. 80 - .90
Jan 1890............ 2.25 - 2.75
Box
Fruit: raisins, California, Apr 1896............
London layer.
.92*
2.32
June 1902..........
100 lbs
Glucose.................................. June, 1897.........
.0340 3d Tues Feb
Lard: prime co n tra ct......... 4th Tues July
.1315 Pound
1896.
1893.
.63 - .65
May 1891..........
1.69
Meal: corn, fine w h ite ....... Sept 1896 ..........
100 lbs
.62 - .63
May 1891..........
1.67 - 1.68
Meal: corn, fine y e llo w ___ Sept 1896 ..........
100 lbs
.04 - .04*
.12*- .12* Pound
3d, 4th Tues Oct
Meat: bacon, short clear 4th Tues July,
1902.
1st Tues Aug
sides.
1896.
.1 2 - .12* Pound
.03|- .04 > 4th Tues Mav
Meat: bacon, short rib sides. 4th Tues July,
1893, 3d, 4th
1st Tues Aug,
all Sept 1896.
Tues Oct 1902.
Bread: crackers, sod a .
Apr 1897............
May, June 1897.
May to Dec 1897.
May to July 1895
80.85
.05
.051
.0267
o Before baking.
344
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
LOW EST AND H IG H E ST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905— Continued.
FOOD, ETC.—Concluded.
Lowest.
Article.
Date.
Highest.
Price.
Meat: beef, fresh, native 4th Tues Mar S0.05 -30.07
1894.
sides.
Meat: beef, salt, extra mess. 2d, 3d, 4th weeks 6.00 - 6.50
Aug 1892.
4th Tues Oct 12.00 -12.50
1890, 2d Tues
Nov 1891, 3d
Tues Oct 1892.
. 07£- .071
Meat: hams, sm oked.......... 3d, 4th Tues
Sept, 1st Tues
Oct 1898.
Meat: mutton, dressed....... 5th Tues Oct
.0 3 - .06
1895.
Meat: beef,
western.
salt, hams,
Meat: pork, salt, mess, old
to new.
4th Tues July,
3d Tues Sept
7.50 - 8.00
Milk: fresh........................... June 1897, June
1898.
Molasses: New Orleans, June, July 1897.
open kettle, prime.
Rice: domestic, ch o ice....... Sept 1904 to May
1905.
Salt: American..................... 3d week Aug
1896 to 3d
week
Feb
1897,1st, 2d, 3d
weeks
Oct
1898,1st week
May to 6th
week
Sept
1898,1st week
June to 2d
week
July
1903.
Soda:
bicarbonate
of, Oct, Nov 1901,
June to Aug
American.
1902.
Spices: nutmegs................... Nov, Dec 1905...
Spices: pepper, Singapore.. Feb 1895, Jan,
Feb 1896.
Starch: pure c o r n ................ Julv 1901..........
Sugar. 89° fair refining....... 4th* Thurs Apr, '
IstThurs May
1894.
Sugar: 96° centrifugal......... 1st Thurs Jan,
3d Thurs Apr,
4th Thurs May
1894.
Sugar: granulated............... 1st, 2d Thurs
Feb 1895.
Tallow : ................................ 4th Tues May
1897.
Tea: Formosa, fin e.............. Oct 1903 ............
Vegetables, fresh: on ion s.. May 1896 ..........
Vegetables, fresh: potatoes, 3d- week May,
Burbank.
3d, 4th weeks
June 1896.
Vinegar; cider, M onarch... Oct 1895 to Sept
1898, July 1900
to Sept 1901,
Nov 1902 to
Sept 1904.
.0175
Date.
|
Price.
Unit.
2d, 3d, 4th, 5th 30.09 -30.12}
Tues July 1902.
3d week May to
14.00
2d week June
1902.
1st Tues Aug 27.50*-29.00
1899.
Pound
4th, 5th Tues
Jan 1893.
.16
Pound
1st, 2d Tues
.10}- .12
May 1891, 4th
Tues May 1892.
5th Tues May 21.50 -22.50
1893.
Pound
.1 5 -
Barrel
Barrel
Barrel
Dec 1902, Dec
1904.
Jan to July 1900.
.0375
Quart
.24
.4 4 -
.55
Gallon
.03}- .04
Aug to Nov 1891.
.06}- .07
Pound
.55
1st week Nov
1900 to 1st
week Apr 1901.
1.15
Barrel
.0095
Apr 1890, Mar to
Juno 1891.
.23 -
.15}- .16
.04}- .04}
Mar 1890............
Nov 1900............
.0350
. 64 - .65
.13}- .13}
Pound
Pound
Pound
.04
Nov, Dec 1890...
.02310 1st, 2d Thu? s
Sept, 2d, 3d,
4th Thurs Oct
1890.
.02750 1st, 2d Thurs
Sept 1890
.06}
Pound
.05311 Pound
.03680 1st Thurs June
1890.
3d Tues Feb 1893
.06615-. 06676 Pound
.02}- .03
.2 0 - .21
.50 - 1. 00
.1 0 - .15
.13
.05921 Pound
.08}
Pound
Sept 1890............ .3 3 - .35
Feb 1890............ 5.00 -10.00
2d week June 1.10 - 1.35
1891.
Pound
Barrel
Bushel
Nov 1890 to May
1892.
Gallon
.18
CLOTHS AND CLOTHING.
.75
AprtoJulyl904,
Jan 1905.
1905.....................
30.18}
1895 to 1897.......
1895.....................
.54
1905.....................
.77}
Pound
1895,1896............
.40
1905.....................
.60
Pound
Bags: 2-bushel, Amoskeag.. Jan to Mar 1895.
Blankets: 11-4, 5 lbs. to the
pair, all wool.
Blankets: 11-4, 5 lbs. to the
pair,cotton warp, all wool
filling.
Blankets: 11-4, 5 lbs. to the
pair, cotton warp, cotton
and wool filling.
30.10}
1.00
Bag
Pound
345
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
LOW EST AND H IG H E ST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905— Continued.
CLOTHS AND CLOTHING—Continued.
Lowest.
Article.
Date.
Boots and shoes: men’s Jan to June 1898.
brogans, split.
Boots and shoes: men’ s calf July 1898 to Dec
1900.
bal. shoes, Goodyear welt,
dongola top.
Boots and shoes: men’s Jan to Dec 1895.
split boots, kip top, 16-in.,
I double sole, (a)
Boots and shoes: men’s vici Jan 1897 to Oct
1904.
kid shoes, Goodyear welt.
Boots and shoes: women’s Jan 1893 to Dec
1894.
solid grain shoes, leather,
polish or polka.
Broadcloths: first quality, Jan 1895 to Dec
1896.
black, 54-in., made from
X X X wool.
Calico: Cocheco prin ts....... Jan 1898 to June
1899.
Carpets: Brussels, 5-frame,
Bigelow.
Carpets: ingrain, 2-ply,
Lowell.
Carpets: Wilton, 5-frame,
Bigelow.
Cotton flannels: 2$ yds. to
to the pound.
Cotton flannels: 3$ yds. to
the pound.
Cotton thread: 6-cord, 200yd. spools, J. & P. Coats.
Cotton
yarns:
carded,
white, mule-spun, north
ern, cones, 10/1.
Cotton
yarns:
carded,
white, mule-spun, north
ern, cones, 22/1.
Denims: A m oskeag............
Drillings: brown, Pepperell.
Drillings: 30-in., Stark A . . .
Flannels: white, 4-4, Bal
lard Vale No. 3.
Ginghams: Amoskeag.........
Jan 1894 to June
1897.
July 1895 to
June 1897.
Jan 1895 to June
1897.
Jan 1897 to Dec
1898.
Jan to Dec 1898
Highest.
Price.
Date.
Unit.
$0.90
Dec 1905............
$1.25
Pair
2.24
Oct to Dec 1905.
2.45
Pair
15.00
Dec 1905............
22.00
2.00
Jan 1890 to Dec
1894.
Aug to Dec 1905.
2.50
Pair
.75
1.00
Pair
1.38
July to Dec 1905.
2.02
Yard
.936
Jan to Dec 1890,
Jan 1892 to
June 1893.
Jan to Dec 1905.
.408
Jan to Apr 1905.
.045
12 pairs
.065
Yard
1.152
Yard
.5664
Yard
Jan to Dec 1905.
2.136
Yard
.05|
Jan to Apr 1904.
.09*
Yard
.04|
Jan to Apr 1904.
.07$
Yard
1.68
July 1896 to Dec
1899.
Dec 1898 to J une
1899.
.030503 Jan 1900 to Dec
1905.
.131
Feb 1904............
Dec 1898 to Mar
1899.
.16*
Jan to Mar 1899.
Nov 1898 to Jan
1899.
Feb 1898............
Aug, Sept 1896 ..
.037240 Spool
.24$
Pound
Feb 1904............
.27
Pound
.081
.041
Feb to June 1904.
Mar, Apr 1904...
.13
.08
Yard
Yard
.0410
.29
Feb 1904............
Nov, Dec 1905...
.0726
.45|
Yard
Yard
Jan 1891 to Mar
1893.
.0650
Yard
May 1890 to Mar
1893.
.07
Yard
1905....................
.75
Pound
1890,1891............
.97$
12pairs
Apr to June
.0425
1895, July to
Sept 1896, Apr
to Sept 1897,
Jan to Mar,
July to Dec
1898.
.041
Ginghams: Lancaster......... Feb to May1895,
June to Aug
1896.
.52
Horse blankets: 6 lbs. each, 1896....................
all wool.
.621
Hosiery: men’s cotton half 1899....................
hose, seamless, standard
quality, 84 needles.
1.75
Hosiery: women’s combed 1899,1905............
Egyptian cotton hose,
high spliced heel, double
sole, full-fashioned.
.6615
Hosiery: women’s cotton 1901.....................
hose, seamless, fast black,
26 to 28 oz., 160 to 176
needles.
.16
Leather: sole, hemlock, May 1892............
nonacid, Buenos Ayres,
middle weights, 1st qual
ity.
Leather: sole, oak................ Sept to N ov1896, $0.28 - .29
June 1897.
.6 5 - .60
Leather: wax calf, 30 to 40 JantoJunel890,
Feb,Junel891,
lbs. to the doz., B grade.
Aug 1894 to
Janl895,Sept,
Oct 1896, Apr,
June 1897.
1901....................
2.00
12pairs
1890....................
1.2250
12pairs
Apr, May 1900...
.26 - .27
Pound
Mar 1903............
.39 - .40
Pound
July to Nov 1895.
.80 - .85
Sqfoot
a From 1903 to 1905, russet bound top, 17-ineh, $ double sole.
Price.
346
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
LOW EST AND H IG H E ST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905— Continued.
CLOTHS AND CLOTHING—Continued.
Lowest.
Article.
Linen shoe thread: 10s,
Barbour.
Linen thread: 3-cord, 200yard spools, Barbour.
Overcoatings: beaver, Mos
cow, all wool, black.
Overcoatings: chinchilla,
B-rough, all wool.
Overcoatings: chinchilla,
cotton warp, C. C. grade.
Overcoatings: covert cloth,
l i g h t weight, staple
goods.
Overcoatings:
kersey,
standard, 27 to 28 oz.
Print cloths: 28-in., 64x64 ..
Date.
Highest.
Price.
Jan 1903 to Nov
1904, Jan to
Nov 1905.
Apr to Dec 1891.
60.8460
1895 to 1897.......
1895 to 1897.......
Date.
Nov 1893 to Sept
1894.
Price.
60.9405
Unit.
Pound
.8910
12
spools
1.7670
Jan 1890 to Mar
1891, Aug 1897
to Dec 1902.
1900.....................
2.4994
Yard
1.8774
1900....................
2.4994
Yard
Nov 1896............
.41
.55
Yard
1897....................
1.9458
Oct 1892, June,
Sept 1893.
1890 to 1893.......
2.4616
Yard
Jan to May 1897.
1.00
June to Dec 1905.
1.87*
Yard
.7623
2d week May
1898.
Nov 1898............
.01875 2d week Dec
1892.
.1402 Feb 1904............
.2910
Yard
Apr, May 1895..
.15|
Feb to June1904.
.26
Yard
.270
Oct 1890 to Jan
1891.
.329
Yard
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, At
lantic A.
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Indian Head.
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Pep
perell R.
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4,
Fruit of the Loom.
Shirtings; bleached, 4-4,
Hope.
Apr 1894 to Nov
1895, May 1904
to Dec 1905.
Dec 1898............
.0421
Apr to June1904.
.0783
Yard
June 1898, Jan
1899.
Apr, Nov, Dec
1898.
Dec 1898............
.05
Mar to June1904.
.08*
Yard
.0450
Marto June1904.
.0725
Yard
.0538
FebtoJunel904.
.063
Yard
Dec 1898............
.0475
Yard
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4,
Lonsdale.
Dec 1898....... .
.0523
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4,
N. Y. Mills.
Shirtings; bleached, 4-4,
Wamsutta^0^*
Silk: raw, Italian, classical.
Silk: raw, Japan, filatures..
Mar to Nov 1899.
.0711
Dec 1897 to Jan
1899.
.0807
.6370
June 1890 to Jan
.0736
1891, Feb to
June 1904.
June 1890 to Jan
.0855
1891, Dec. 1892
to June 1893.
May 1890 to
.0976
to June 1891.
June 1890 to
.1021
June 1891, Apr
to July 1893.
Apr, May 1893 .. 65.7213-5.8456
Feb 1890, Dec. 5.3350-5.5775
1899.
Aug to Dec 1905.
1.2375
.7%3
Aug to Dec 1905.
1.4850
Yard
1.0465
Dec 1905............
1.6200
Yard
1.5903
1905....................
2.2785
Yard
.6143
Aug to Dec 1905.
1.0350
Yard
.13*
Yard
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4,
Atlantic.
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4,
Pepperell.
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4,
Wamsutta S. T.
June 1894.......... 63.4328-3.4825
Aug 1896............ 2.9100-3.3950
Suitings: clay worsted di Feb to Apr 1897.
agonal, 12-oz., Washing
ton Mills.
Suitings: clay worsted di Feb to Apr 1897.
agonal, 16-oz., Washing
ton Mills.
Suitings: indigo blue, all Jan to Dec 1897.
wool, 54-inch, 14-oz., Mid
dlesex standard.
Suitings: indigo blue, all 1895.....................
wool, 16-oz.
Suitings: serge, Washing Jan 1896 to Aug
ton Mills 6700.
1897.
Tickings: Amoskeag A. C. Oct to Dec 1898.
A.
Underwear: shirts and Jan 1894 to Dec
drawers, white, all wool,
18c \
full-fashioned, 18-gauge.
Women’s dress goods: cash- Jan to Dec 1896.
mere, all wool, 10-11
twill, 38-in., Atlantic
Mills J.
Women’s dress goods: cash Oct 1895 to May
mere,
cotton
warp,
1896.
9-twill,
4-4, Atlantic
Mills F.
Women’s dress gopds: cash- Oct 18% to Mar
mere, cotton warp, 27-in.,
1899.
Hamilton.
Women’s
dress
goods: Julyl8% toJuly
Franklin sackings, 6-4. 1 1897.
.08$
21.60
Apr to June1904.
Jan 1891 to Dec
1893.
.04063 Yard
25.65
Yard
Yard
Yard
Pound
Pound
Yard
12 gar
ments
.1960
Nov, Dec 1905...
.3920
Yard
.1127
Nov, Dec 1905...
.2156
Yard
.0784
June to Dec 1905.
.1103
Yard
.40*
June to Dec 1905.
.68*
Yard
347
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
LOW EST AND H IG H EST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
#
CLOTHS AND CLOTHING—Concluded.
Lowest.
Article.
Wool: Ohio, fine fleece (X
and X X grade), scoured.
Wool: Ohio, medium fleece
(1 and | grade), scoured.
Worsted yams: 2-40s, Aus
tralian fine.
Worsted yams: 2-40s, X X X
or its equivalent in qual
ity, white, in skeins, (a)
Date.
Highest.
Price.
June 1895..........
60.3478
June 1895, June
to Sept 1896.
Nov 1895 to Mar
1896, Oct to
Dec 1896.
Oct 1896 to Feb
1897.
.2903
.72
.70
Date.
Price.
Unit.
June to Sept
1905.
June,July,Aug,
Nov 1890.
Nov 1899 to Apr
1900, Dec 1905.
60.7826
Pound
.6210
Pound
1.30
Pound
Jan, Feb 1900...
1.35
Pound
FUEL AND LIGHTING.
Candles: adamantine, 6s, June 1897 to Jan
60.06|
14-oz.
1900.
Coal: anthracite, broken... June 1899 to
3.111
Aug 1899.
Coal: anthracite, chestnut. Sept 1895............
2.701
Coal: anthracite, egg........... Sept 1895............
2.827
Coal: anthracite, stove....... Aug 1895............
2.891
.75
Coal: bituminous, Georges
§an to^June
Creek (at m ine).
1895, Jan to
Mar 1896.
Coal: bituminous, Georges Apr 1898 to Mar
2.10
Creek (f. o. b. N. Y. Har
1899.
bor).
Coal: bituminous, Pitts 2d Tues Mar to 60.04*- . 04f
burg (Youghiogheny).
1st Tues Apr
1899.
.92
Coke: Connellsville, fur Apr, May 1894..
nace.
Matches: parlor, domestic.. Sept 1894 to Mar
1.50
1895, May 1902
to Dec 1905.
Petroleum: c ru d e ............... Oct 1892 ............
.514
Petroleum: refined, for ex May 1893............
.051
port.
Petroleum: refined, 150° Feb, Mar 1893...
.07*
fire test, water white.
Feb 1900 to June
1903.
Aug 1903............
60.11
Pound
4.4744
Ton
J ^ i 1904............
Jan 1904............
Jan 1904............
Oct 1902..............
4.958
4.9725
4.9614
5.00
Ton
Ton
Ton
Ton
Oct 1902..............
8.25
Ton
3d, 4th Tues
Nov 1891.
.11
Bushel
Ton
Mar, Apr 1900...
68.25-4.25
Jan to Oct 1890..
2.00
^box
es.
Dec 1903............
Jan to Mar 1900.
1.88f
.099
Barrel
Gallon
Nov 1903 to Feb
1904.
.15
Gallon
METALS AND IMPLEMENTS.
Augers: extra, 4-in.............. Oct 1894 to Apr
1896, Feb 1899.
Axes: M.C.O., Yankee........ Oct 1897 to Dec
1898.
Bar iron: best refined, from July 1897............
mill (Pittsburg market).
Bar iron: best refined, from Nov 1894, Jan,
store (Philadelphia mar
Feb 1895.
ket).
Barb wire: galvanized....... Aug 1897............
May to Dec 1905.
.646
.0095
Oct 1899..............
.0260
Pound
.012
Sept 1899 to Jan
1900.
.025
Pound
1.65
.0292
Feb to July 1895,
June 1897 to
Jan 1900.
.171
Chisels:
extra,
socket Apr 1894 to Dec
firmer, 1-inch.
1895, Dec 1896
to Nov 1898.
Conner: ingot. lake.............. June 1894........... 60.0890- .0900
.13*
Copper: sheet, hot-rolled Jan, Apr 1896...
(base sizes).
Copper wire: bare................ July 1894 ..........
.11
Jan I860 to Apr
1895, Mar 1896
to June 1900.
Files: 8-inch mill bastard.. July 1896 to June
1897.
Hammers: Maydole No. 1*. Jan 1890 to Nov
1895.
Lead: p i g ............................. Sept 1896............ .0273-
a
Each
Mar to Dec 1905.
.375
Butts: loose joint, cast, 3x3
inch.
Doorknobs: steel, bronze
plated.
60.32
60.1333
.166
.77
.350
.0275
Dec 1899 to Mar
1900.
Feb to May 1900.
4.13
Each
100 lbs
.0430
Pair
Mar to Dec 1905.
.416
Each
May 1899 ..........
July 1890 ..........
.1925
.25
Pound
Pound
July, Oct 1890,
Apr 1899.
Feb to Dec 1905.
.20
Pound
.375
Pair
Nov 1899 to Aug
1900.
Jan 1903 to Dec
1905.
Dec 1905............
From 1902 to 1905 designated as X X X X .
1.10
Dozen
.466
Each
.0590
Pound
348
BULLETIN OF THE BURE A.U OF LABOR,
LOWEST AND HIGHEST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905-Continued.
METALS AND IMPLEMENTS—Concluded.
Lowest.
Article.
Date.
Highest.
Price.
Lead p ip e ............................. Nov 1896 to Jan
1897.
Locks: common mortise... . Jan 1898 to Apr
1902.
Nails: cut, 8d., fence and July to Sept 1898.
common.
Nails: wire, 8d., fence and Dec 1896, Aug
common.
1897,Aug, Dec
1898.
Pig iron: Bessemer.............. July 1897 ..........
$3.60
Pig iron: foundry N o .l....... July 1898 ..........
11.25
.075
Date.
Oct to Dec 1890.
Feb to Dec 1905.
Unit.
Price.
$6.40
.155
100 lbs
Each
1.15
May to Nov 1896.
2.90
100 lbs
1.36
Jan, Feb 1890... $3.35- 3.40
100 lbs
9.39
Dec 1899, Feb
25.00
1900.
Nov 1899 to Jan
25.00
1900.
Nov 1902............ 24.00-25.00
Jan 1903............ 20.75-21.25
Ton
Pig iron: foundry No. 2....... June 1897.......... $9.40 - 9.50
Pig iron: gray forge, south May 1897 ..........
8.00
ern, coke.
Planes: Bailey No. 5 .......... Mar 1895 to Dec
1.23
1899.
Quicksilver............................ Jan to Mar 1894.
.45
Saws: crosscut, Disston....... Uniforpt during
1.6038
period.
Saws: hand, Disston No. 7 .. Jan 1891 to Dec
12.60
1905.
Shovels: Ames No. 2............ Jan 1894 to Mar
7.45
1896.
.48213
Silver: bar, fi n e ................... Jan 1903............
Spelter: w estern................. Feb 1895............ .0315- .0325
Steel b ille ts.......................... May 1897 ..........
13.96
Steel r a ils............................. July, Nov 1898 ..
17.00
Steel sheets: black, No. 27 .. May 1897 .......... .0180- .0185
Tin: p ig ................................ Oct 1896 ............
.1270
Tin plates: domestic, Bes Apr 1898............ 2.72* - 2.77*
semer, coke, 14x20 inch.
Trowels: M. C. O., brick, Uniform during
.34
lOHnch.
period.
3.28
Vises: solid box, 50-lb......... July 1897 to Feb
1899.
Wood screws: 1-in., No. 10, Apr to Dec 1897.
.08
fiat head.
Zinc: sheet.......................... May 1894 ..........
3.56
Jan 1903 to Dec
1905.
Oct, Nov 1890 ..*
Uniform during
period.
Jan to Dec 1890.
Apr to Nov 1902.
Ton
Ton
Ton
1.53
Each
.79
1.6038
Pound
Each
14.40 .
Dozen
9.61
Dozen
Aug 1890............
1.16995
May 1899 .......... .0695- .0700
Sept, Oct 1899...
41.50
35.25
Jan 1890............
Sept 1901............
.0375
Dec 1905............
.3510
4.84
Dec 1899 to Sept
1900.
Uniform during
.34
period.
Apr, May, Aug,
5.75
Sept 1903.
Jan 1892 to Mar
.21
1894.
7.59
June 1899..........
Ounce
Pound
Ton
Ton
Pound
Pound
100 lbs
Each
Each
Gross
100 lbs
LUMBER AND BUILDING M ATERIALS.
Brick: common domestic .. Sept 1894, Sept
84.25
Carbonate of lead: Ameri Feb 1894
.0488
can, in oil.
Cement: Portland, domes Oct, Nov 1904... 81.25- 1.35
tic.
Cement: B osendale............ Nov 1898............
.60
H em lock............................. . Nov 1894 to Jan 10.75-11.25
1895.
Lime: com m on.................... Sept to Dec 1896,
.60
July to Sept
Linseed oil: r a w .........
Maple: hard.................
Oak: white, p la in .......
Oak: white, quartered
. 29
Feb, July 1897..
June to Sept 1901 24.00- 27! 00
JunetoAugl901 32.00- 34.00
Jan, Feb 1890... 47.00-48.00
Oxide of zinc........................
Pine: white, boards, No. 2
barn.
Pine: white, boards, uppers.
Pine: y e llo w ........................
.03*
Jan to June1895.
May 1897 to Jan 15.00-16.00
1899.
Jan to Nov 1890. 43.00-45.00
Jan to Apr 1896, 15.50-16.00
June to Nov
1897.
1897....................
.20
Plate glass: polished, unsil
vered, area 3 to 5 sq. feet.
.32
Plate glass: polished, unsil 1897.
vered, area 5 to 10 sq. feet.
Poplar................................... Sept 1897 to Jan 29.00-31.00
Putty
Oct, Nov 1904...
.0100
Dec 1905
Nov, Dec 1905 ..
89.50-810.50
0686
M
Pound
Apr 1900..
2.20- 2.35
Barrel
Apr 1892
Dec 1905
1.20- 1.25
20.00
Barrel
M feet
Jan to July, Oct
1.00
to Nov 1890,
Sept 1891,Sept
1892 to Apr
1893, May 1898.
July, Aug 1901..
.82
June to Dec 1903. 32.00-34.00
Nov, Dec 1905... 47.00-50.00
Dec 1903 to July 80.00- 85.00
1904.
Dec 1905............
.04*
Nov, Dec 1905...
30.50
Barrel
Nov, Dec 1905...
85.50
JunetoDecl905. 26.00-28.00
M feet
M feet
1890.
. 53
Sq.foot
1890.
. 70
Sq.foot
Junel903toJune 51.00-52.50
1904.
May 1902 to Mar
.0225
1903.
Gallon
M feet
M feet
M feet
Pound
M feet
M feet
Pound
349
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
LOW EST AND H IG H E ST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
L O IB E K AND BiriLDlNCi MATERIALS—Concluded.
Highest.
Lowest.
Article.
Resin: good, strained.
Shingles: cypress.......
Spruce........................ .
T a r............................. .
Turpentine: spirits o f ........
Window glass: American,
single, firsts, 6x8 to 10x15
inch.
Window glass: American,
single, thirds, 6x8 to lOx
15 inch.
Date.
Price.
Sept 1893............
31.00
Jan to Dec 1897..
2.35
July to Oct 1894. 311.50-12.50
Sept 1893, Dec
.90
1893 to May
1894, Jan to
Apr,Junel896,
Apr 1898.
.24
Aug, Sept 1896..
May to July 1895.
1.3894
July, Aug 1892..
Unit.
Date.
Price.
Nov 1905............
Jan to Dec 1890.
Nov, Dec 1905...
Sept 1891, May
1904, Aug 1905.
34.10-34.15
3.35
22.00-25.00
2.00
Barrel
M
M feet
Barrel
June 1905...........
Apr 1901............
.77*- .78
4.80
Gallon
50 sq.ft
1.2113 Apr 1901............
3.8250 50 sq.ft
DRUGS AND CHEMICALS.
Alcohol: grain, 94$.............. Jan to May 1890.
Alcohol: wood, refined, 95$. Sept to Dec 1903.
Alum: lum p.......................... Dec 1891 to Feb
1892.
Brimstone: crude, seconds.. Sept, Dec 1895,
Feb, Mar 1896.
Glycerin: refined................. Aug 1894............
Muriatic acid: 20°
July 1895 to Dec
Opium: natural,in cases . . . Aug 1892............
Quinine: A m erican............ Feb to July 1897.
Sulphuric acid: 66°.............. Nov 1890 to Mar
1891, Apr to
Aug, Oct, Nov
1894, Jan 1895
to Nov 1896.
31.98
Dec 1901............
.50
Feb to Sept 1893.
.0145 Jan to June 1890.
32.53
Gallon
Gallon
1.40
.0188 Pound
15.00
35.00
•l l i
.18
Apr 1891, May
1898.
Jan to Apr, June
to Aug 1890.
.0075 Nov 1901 to Apr
1902.
1.50
Aug 1898............
.15
Apr 1899............
.007 Nov 1901 to Jan
1902.
Ton
Pound
.0185 Pound
3.75
.40
.014
Pound
Ounce
Pound
HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS.
Earthenware:
plates,
cream-colored.
Earthenware:
plates,
white granite.
Earthenware: teacups and
saucers, white granite.
Furniture: bedroom sets,
ash.
Furniture: chairs, bed
room, maple.
July 1895 to Dec
1897.
July 1895 to Dec
1897.
July 1895 to Dec
1897.
Jan 1896 to Dec
1897.
Jan 1897 to Sept
1898.
Furniture: chairs, kitchen. Jan to Sept 1898.
Furniture: tables, kitchen. Jan 1896 to June
1899.
Glassware: nappies, 4-in— Jan 1896 to Dec’
1900.
Glassware: pitchers, i-gal- Jan 1897 to Dec
lon, common.
1900.
Glassware: tumblers, i-pint, Jan to Dec 1899.
common.
Table cutlery: carvers, stag 1897 to 1901, Jan
1902 to Dec
handles.
1905.
1897.....................
Table cutlery: knives and
forks, cocobolo handles.
Wooden ware: pails, oak Apr 1895 to Jan
grained.
1896, Feb to
May 1898.
Wooden ware: tubs, oak Oct 1894 to Nov
grained.
1899.
5929—No. 63—06----- 2
30.3807 Jan to Dec 1903.
30.4775 Dozen
.3991 Jan 1901 to Dec
1902.
3.0907 Jan 1901 to Dec
1902.
8.75
Dec 1905............
3.7632 Gross
5.00
.13
Jan to Dec 1900,
Mar 1903 to
Dec 1905.
Jan to Nov 1900.
Dec 1899 to Dec
1905.
Jan 1901 to Dec
1905.
Jan 1901 to Dec
1903.
Jan to Dec 1891.
.75
1893.....................
3.25
13.80
.10
1.00
.5096 Dozen
13.50
Set
8.00
Dozen
5.25
15.60
Dozen
Dozen
.14
, Dozen
1.30
Dozen
.20
Dozen
.95
Pair
5.00
1890,1891............
V.75
Gross
1.10
Oct 1903 to Dec
1905.
1.70
Dozen
1.25
Jan 1890 to Aug
1891.
1.65
Nest of
3
350
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
LOWEST AND HIGHEST QUOTATIONS, 1890 TO 1905—Concluded.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Lowest.
Articles.
Cotton-seed m eal.................
Cotton-seed oil: summer
yellow, prime.
Malt: western made............
Paper: news.........................
Paper: wrapping, m anila..
Proof spirits..........................
Date.
Highest.
Price.
Date.
Price.
Feb 1895............816.00-817.00
Nov, Dec 1897...
.21*
Jan 1902
Feb 1893
July 1897............
Oct 1899 ...........
Apr 1898............
1st wk Jan to 3d
wk May 1890.
.0591
Apr to Aug 1891. «0.95 Jan 1890............ .0375Sept 1893............ .06001st w k Dec 1901
to 4th w k Jan
1902, 1st wk
Sept to 3d wk
Dec 1902.
Dec 1899............
.60 - .63
.05
June 1905........... 1.32 -1 .3 3
Oct 1904..............
.07*
Rope: manila, $-in ( a ) ......... Aug, Sept 1896,
Sept,Oct 1897.
Rubber: Para Island.......... Sept 1891............
Soap: castile, mottled, pure. May 1895 to Nov
1896, Mar 1897.
Starch: laundry................... Aug, Sept, Oct
3896
Tobacco: plug, Horseshoe.. July, Aug 1892,
Oct 1896 to
May 1897.
Tobacco: smoking, granu Jan 1890 to June
1898.
lated, Seal of N. C.
.50 - .53
.0175- .0200
.0375- .0400
1.03
.0275 Aug, Sept, Dec
1902, Jan 1903.
July 1904 to Dec
1905.
.36
.50
Aug 1904 to Dec
1905.
833.60
.61
1.00
.0450
.0675
1.32
Unit.
2,000lbs
Gallon
Bushel
Pound
Pound
Gallon
.1576 Pound
Pound
Pound
.0500 Pound
.49
Pound
.60
Pound
a From 1903 to 1905, / 5-inch.
In a number of instances the lowest or highest price, as shown in
the foregoing table, lasted for only a short time, in some cases but a
few days or even a part of a day. The groups of farm products, food,
etc., and lumber and building materials show very wide variations.
Good to choice steers varied from $3-$3.90 on the second Tuesday of
January, 1890, to $6.70-$7.60 on the last three Tuesdays of August
and the first two Tuesdays of September, 1902. Corn ranged from
19^-20 cents the second Tuesday of September; 1896, to $ 0.4 8 £-$ l
the fifth Tuesday of May, 1892, the high price being due to an attempt
to corner corn in the Chicago market. The failure of those interested
in the corner to take all corn offered at the high price, however, and the
rumor that they had failed, resulted in a drop from $1 to 48£ cents
within a few hours. Cotton varied from 5T%- cents on the first Tues
day of February and the first and second Tuesdays of November, 1898,
to 16f cents on the first Tuesday of February, 1904. Hides were 5 to
5.13 cents in June, 1894, and 15.77 cents in December, 1905. Heavy
hogs on the fourth Tuesday of July, 1896, were $2.50-$3.15, and on the
second Tuesday of February, 1893, $8.10-$8.65. Hops ranged from
6 -7 cents in September, 1895, to 45-47 cents in November, 1890. Oats
ranged from 1 4f cents on the second Tuesday of September, 1896, to
63^-64 cents on the fourth Tuesday of July, 1902. Native sheep ranged
from $0.75-$3.25 on the fifth Tuesday of October, 1894, to $4.50-$7
on the fourth Tuesday of March, 1903. Western sheep show a simi
lar range. Wheat ranged from 48£ -4 9 f cents the fifth Tuesday of
January, 1895, to $1.73-$1.85 the second Tuesday of M ay, 1898. The
high price is said to have been due to an attempt to control the price
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
351
of that commodity and also, to some extent, to the war with Spain and
the fear of other foreign complications. The most marked variations
in the food group are in fresh vegetables, onions having varied from
$0.5 0 -$ l in May, 1896, to $5-$10 in February, 1890, and potatoes
from 10-15 cents the third week of May and the third and fourth weeks
of June, 1896, to $1.10-$1.35 the second week of June, 1891. Eggs
varied from 1 0i-10£ cents the first Tuesday of April, 1897, to 38-47
cents the first Tuesday of January, 1904. Almost all the articles in
the food group show wide variations, which may be seen by referring
to the foregoing table. In the cloths and clothing group the variations
are not so marked, as the prices of many of the articles in this group
depend more largely upon the cost of labor in producing them, while
but few of them are subject to fluctuations caused by manipulation for
the purpose of speculation. Print cloths varied from 1.875 cents the
second week of May, 1898, to 4.063 cents the second week of December,
1892. O f the raw materials in this group wool, fine fleece, scoured,
varied from 34.78 cents in June, 1895, to 78.26 cents in June to
September, 1905. O f the 68 articles shown under cloths and clothing
in this table, 24 were quoted higher in 1905 than at any other time
during the 16-year period. In the fuel and lighting group Youghiogheny coal varied from 4 i - 4 f cents (per bushel) in March and April,
1899, to 11 cents in November, 1891; coke from 92 cents in April and
May, 1894, to $3.25-$4.25 in March and April, 1900; and petroleum,
crude, from 51§ cents in October, 1892, to $1.88f in December, 1903.
In the group of metals and implements best refined bar iron from mill
varied from 0.95 cent (per pound) in July, 1897, to 2.60 cents in
October, 1899; barb wire from $1.65 in August, 1897, to $4.13 in
December, 1899, to March, 1900; pig iron, foundry No. 2, from
$9.40-$9.50 (per ton) in June, 1897, to $24-$25 in November, 1902;
while bar silver varied from 48.213 cents in January, 1903, to $1.16995
in August, 1890. In lumber and building materials all the articles
varied widely. In drugs and chemicals, wood alcohol shows the
greatest variation— from 50 cents in September to December, 1903, to
$1.40 in February to September, 1893. In house furnishing goods,
kitchen chairs were $3.25 (per dozen) from January to September,
1898, and $5.25 from January to November, 1900. In the miscella
neous group, cotton-seed meal, cotton-seed oil, newspaper, rope, and
rubber show wide variations.
Owing to the unusual method of fixing the scale of prices of cut
and wire nails and the difficulties encountered in securing satisfactory
quotations of prices, it was thought best to enter into a somewhat
lengthy explanation in Bulletin No. 39, and the reader is referred to
pages 226 to 231 of that number.
The base prices of nails are the prices quoted by the trade, and
while they could not be used, for reasons explained in Bulletin No.
352
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
39, in computing relative prices, they form the basis from which are
calculated the actual prices for 8-penny nails, as given in Table I, and
therefore the base prices of both cut and wire nails during 1905 are
given in the following table:
WAILS: CUT, BASE SIZES.
[Price per 100-pound keg, f. o. b. Pittsburg, on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Month.
Month.
Price.
January.......
$1.75
February___ $1.75-1.80
M arch...........
1.80
Price.
A p ril......... $1.75-$l. 80
M ay.......... 1.75- 1.80
J u n e .........
1.80
Month.
Price.
J u ly ............
$1.75
A ugust....... $1.65-1.70
September..
1.60
Month.
Price.
O ctob er.......
N ovem ber...
Decem ber. . .
$1.65
1.65
1.70
A verage.
1.7250
NAILS: WIRE, BASE SIZES.
[Price per 100-pound keg, f. o. b. Pittsburg, on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Month.
January.........
February.......
M arch............
Month.
Price.
A p ril............
M ay..............
J u n e ............
$1.75
1.80
1.80
Price.
$1.80
1.80
1.80
Month.
J u ly ..............
A ugu st.........
September...
Price.
$1.80
1.80
1.80
Month.
O ctob er.......
N ovem ber...
Decem ber. . .
Average.
Price.
$1.80
1.80
1.80
1.7958
In previous Bulletins quotations have been published for two descrip
tions of scoured wool, but in view of the fact that such a large propor
tion of the wool is now being marketed unwashed, monthly price
quotations for a standard grade of unwashed wool have also been
secured.
For comparative purposes the quotations on the scoured basis are
continued in Table I. No relative prices were computed from the
quotations of unwashed wool. It may be necessary at some future
time to use these quotations in the index number, and it was consid
ered advisable to secure them from year to year.
The quotations of actual prices of unwashed wool on the first of each
month for 1890 to 1903 were shown in Bulletin 51 (page 237), and for
1904 in Bulletin 57 (page 405). The prices for 1905 follow:
WHOLESALE PRICES OF UNWASHED OHIO MEDIUM FLEECE WOOL (ONE-FOURTH AND
THREE-EIGHTHS GRADE), 1905.
[Price per pound in the eastern markets (Baltimore, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia) on the
first of each month.]
Month.
January.........
February.......
M arch............
Month.
Price.
$0.32
.31
.30
A p ril............
M a y ..............
June..............
Price.
$0.31
.34
.35
Month.
J u ly ..............
A ugust.........
September...
Price.
$0.36
.36
.35
Month.
O ctob er.......
N ovem ber...
D ecem ber. . .
A verage.
Price.
$0.34
.34
.34
.3350
COUESE OF WHOLESALE PEICES, 1890 TO 1905.
353
Table I I —Base prices (average for 1890-1899), and monthly actual
mid relative prices o f commodities in 1905, pages 438 to If?- — This table
shows for each commodity the base price (average price for the 10-year
period, 1890-1899), either the average price or the price on some one
day of each month, and the relative price for each month of 1905.
In addition, this table shows for each commodity the average price
and the relative price for the year 1905. The monthly prices for such
articles as are quoted weekly in Table I were found by dividing the
sum of the quotations in each month as shown in Table I by the num
ber of quotations in each month. In Table I single quotations for 1905
are shown for 11 articles. The price of one of these is maintained
throughout the year, the prices of four represent the bulk of the sales
and are maintained generally, and the prices of four are averages for
the year. For each of these nine articles the annual price has been
shown in Table II as the price during each month. The other two
articles for which single quotations for 1905 are shown in Table I
have a September price, which represents the bulk of the sales for the
year, and the relative price for 1905 was therefore computed from
that price, but the price at which sales were made from January to
March was the price of September, 1904; from April to August the
price of April, 1905, and from September to December the price of
September, 1905. Consequently these prices were used in this table
presenting monthly prices.
It was impossible to secure quotations during all of the months of
the year for 6 of the 259 articles, viz: Rye; herring; buckwheat flour;
potatoes; sheetings, bleached, 10-4, Atlantic, and shirtings, bleached,
4 -4 , New York mills.
The average price for 1905 was obtained, as has already been
explained, by dividing the sum of the quotations for the year as shown
in Table I by the number of quotations for the year. The average
price for the 10-year period, 1890 to 1899, was obtained by dividing
the sum of the average prices of the 10 years by 10. This average
price for 10 years has been adopted as the base for all relative prices.
For the ten articles which do not show prices for the entire period of
10 years, 1890 to 1899, the base in each case is the average of the years
prior to and including 1899. In explanation of the term base or standard,
as used in connection with relative prices or index numbers, it may be
stated that in reducing a series of actual prices to relative prices a base
must first be chosen, and this may be either a single quotation, the
average price for 1 year, or the average for 2 or more years. If the
price for a single year is chosen, it is essential that that year be a nor
mal one, for if prices are high in the year chosen for the base any sub
sequent fall will be unduly emphasized, while, on the other hand, if
prices are low any subsequent rise will be emphasized. For the reason
that all the commodities probably never present a normal condition as
354
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
regards prices, in any one year, it was decided that an average price
for a number of years would better reflect average or approximately
normal conditions and form a more satisfactory base than would the
price for any single year. The period chosen as this base was that
from 1890 to 1899— a period of ten years. The average price of each
article for the base period was found, as previously stated, by adding
together the average yearly prices of that article for all of the 10 years
and dividing by 10.
The relative prices as shown in this and succeeding tables have been
calculated in the usual manner and represent simply the percentage
which each monthly or yearly price is of the base price. The average
price for the first 10 years of the period, or the base, always represents
100, and the percentages for each month or year enable the reader to
measure readily the rise and fall from month to month or from year
to year of the prices of each single commodity, of any group of com
modities, or of all the 259 commodities involved. These commodities
are arranged in alphabetical order under each of the nine general
groups, as in Table I.
In order that the method pursued may be more readily understood,
the reader is referred to the table itself, as given on pages 438 to 457.
Taking up the first commodity shown, barley, we find that the average
price per bushel for the base period, 1890 to 1899, inclusive, was 45.34
cents; the average price for January, 1905, was 47.38 cents; that for
February was 46.31 cents; that for March 47.10 cents, etc. The rela
tive price for the base period, as heretofore explained, is always placed
at 100 and is so given in the table. The relative price for January,
1905, is shown to be 104.5, or 4.5 per cent higher than the base or
average for the 10 years. In February the relative price was 102.1,
or 2.1 per cent above the base; in March the relative price was 103.9,
or 3.9 per cent above the base; in April it was 105.3, or 5.3 per cent
above the base; in May it rose to 107.5, or 7.5 per cent above the base;
in June it was 108.7, or 8.7 per cent above the base; in July it was
109.5, o r’9.5 per cent above the base, and in August it dropped to
100.9, or only 0.9 per cent above the base, the lowest price for any
month of the year; in September it advanced to 108.3, or 8.3 per cent
above the base; it advanced slightly in October, advanced again in
November to 112.5, and declined in December to 111.2. The relative
price for the year 1905 was 107, or 7 per cent above the base. The
figures in each case were secured according to the method already
explained, that for January, 1905, being expressed as follows:
Average price for base period..................................................................................... $0.4534
Average price for January, 1905 ............................................................................... 0. 4738
Relative price for base p e r io d .................................................................................
100.0
Relative price for January, 1905................................ : .............................................
104.5
The remainder of the table may be analyzed in a similar manner.
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
355
The value of prices given in this relative form, it will readily be
seen, consists in the means afforded for tracing and measuring the
changes from month to month, from year to year, or from period to
period, and in the combination of prices of ja sufficient number of
commodities to show the general price level. It must not be assumed
that a system of relative prices of representative commodities will
enable one to trace the causes of changes in the general price level or
to determine the effect of such changes on any class of consumers or
on all consumers. The use of such a system is to show the general
course of prices from time to time of one commodity, of a group of
commodities, or of all commodities.
No attempt has been made in any way to go into the causes of the
rise and fall of prices. The aim has been to give the prices as they
actually prevailed in the market. The relative prices or index num
bers must be accepted merely as showing the course of prices both
of the individual articles and the market in general. The causes are
too complex, the relative influence of each too uncertain, in some
cases involving too many economic questions, to permit their discus
sion in connection with the present article. It will be sufficient to
enumerate some of the influences that cause changes in prices. Such
influences include variations in harvest, which not only restrict or
increase the supply and consequently tend to increase or decrease the
price of a commodity, but also restrict or increase, to a greater or less
degree, the purchasing power of such communities as are dependent
in whole or in part upon such commodity; changes in demand due to
changes in fashions, seasons, etc.; legislation altering internal-revenue
taxes, import duties, or bounties; use of substitutes— as, for instance,
an advance in the price of beef will cause an increased consumption of
pork and mutton and, it may be added, a probable increase in the
price of both pork and mutton; improvements in methods of produc
tion which will tend either to give a better article for the same price
or an equal article for a lower price; cheapening of transportation or
handling; speculative manipulation of the supply or of the raw prod
uct; commercial panic or depression; overproduction; unusual demand
owing to steady employment of consumers; short supply owing to
disputes between labor and capital in industries of limited producing
capacity, as in the anthracite coal industry in 1902; organization or
combination of mills or producers, thus enabling, on the one hand, a
greater or less control of prices or, on the other hand, economies in
production or in transportation charges through the ability to supply
the article from the point of production or manufacture nearest the
purchaser. So far as individual commodities are concerned, no con
clusion can safely be formed as to causes without an examination of
the possible influence of several— in some cases perhaps all— of these
causes. For example, the various internal-revenue and tariff acts have,
356
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
in a marked degree, no doubt affected the prices of proof spirits, of
tobacco, and of sugar. But, on the other hand, they have not been
alone in their influences, and it probably would not in all cases be
accurate to give the change of tax or duty as representing the measure
of a certain and definite influence on the prices of those commodities.
It is important that the greatest care be exercised in the choice of
commodities in order that a simple average of their relative prices
shall show a general price level. In the present compilation 259 com
modities are shown, and it has been the aim of the Bureau to select
only important and representative articles in each group. The num
ber of articles included is larger than has heretofore been used in simi
lar compilations, with one exception, but the use of a large number of
articles, carefully selected, minimizes the effect on the general price
level of an unusual change in the price of any one article or of a few
articles. It will be seen that more than one series of prices have been
given in the case of articles of great importance. This has been done for
the purpose of giving due weight to these important commodities, no
other method of accomplishing this having been found satisfactory by
the Bureau. The same means have been employed by Mr. Sauerbeck
in his English prices, as explained in Bulletin No. 39, and the approxi
mate accuracy of the same, as an indication of the variation of prices,
has been proved by various tests based on the amount of production, etc.
Various methods of weighting have been attempted in connection
with compilations of relative prices. One method employed by Euro
pean statisticians is to measure the importance of each commodity by its
annual consumption by the entire nation, the annual consumption being
found by adding to the home production the amount imported and sub
tracting the amount exported. The method employed by the Bureau
of Labor in its publication of Retail Prices of Food in the Eighteenth
Annual Report and in Bulletin No. 59 consisted in giving to the various
articles of food an importance based upon their average consumption
in normal families. While it was possible to determine the relative
importance as far as the consumption of food is concerned, there are,
of course, many commodities whose importance can not be measured
by this method. The impossibility of securing even approximately
accurate figures for annual consumption in the United States of the
commodities included in this compilation renders this method unavail
able for the Bureau.
It has been thought best in the present series of index numbers,
after a careful consideration of all methods of weighting, simply to
use a large number of representative staple articles, selecting them in
such a manner as to make them, to a large extent, weight themselves.
Upon a casual examination it may seem that by this method a compara
tively unimportant commodity— such, for instance, as tea— has been
given the same weight or importance as one of the more important
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
357
commodities, such as wheat. A closer examination, however, shows
that tea enters into no other commodity under consideration, while
wheat is not only quoted as the raw material, but enters, into the two
descriptions of wheat flour, the two descriptions of crackers, and the
three descriptions of loaf bread.
Material changes in the description of three articles were made in
1902, of two articles in 1903, of one article in 1904, and of five articles
in 1905.
For three of these articles the trade journals no longer supply satis
factory quotations, the manufacture of the particular grades of five
previously quoted has been discontinued by the establishments hereto
fore furnishing quotations, and for three articles the substituted
descriptions more nearly represent the present demands of the trade.
The articles in which changes occur are 44 Hosiery: men’s cotton
half hose, seamless, fast black, 20 to 22 ounce, two-thread goods,” for
which has been substituted 44Hosiery: men’s cotton half hose, seamless,
fast black, 20 to 22 ounce, single-thread goods;” 44 Leather: harness,
oak, country middles, 14 pounds and up (except overweights, 20 pounds
and up),” for which has been substituted 46 Leather: harness, oak,
packers’ hides, heavy No. 1 ; ” 44 Shawls: standard, all wool, 72 by 144
inch, 42-ounce, made of high-grade wool,” for which has been sub
stituted 44 Shawls: standard, all wool (low grade), 72 by 144 inch, 40
to 42 ounce;” 44 Sheetings: brown, 4r-4, Stark A . A .,” for which has
been substituted 44 Sheetings: brown, 4 -4 , Massachusetts Mills, F ly
ing Horse brand;” 44Trouserings: fancy worsted, 22 to 23 ounce,
worsted filling, wool and worsted back,” for which has been substi
tuted 44Trouserings: fancy worsted, 21 to 22 ounce, all worsted warp
and filling, wool and worsted back;” 44 Underwear: shirts and drawers,
white, merino, full-fashioned, 52 per cent wool, 48 per cent cotton,
24-gauge,” for which has been substituted 44Underwear: shirts and
drawers, white, merino, full-fashioned, 60 per cent wool, 40 per cent
cotton, 24-gauge;” 44 Women’s dress goods: alpaca, cotton warp,
22-inch, Hamilton,” for which has been substituted 44 Women’s dress
goods: Danish cloth, cotton warp and filling, 22-inch;” 44 Women’s
dress goods: cashmere, cotton warp, 22-inch, Hamilton,” for which
has been substituted 44 Women’s dress goods: poplar cloth, cotton
warp and filling, 36-inch;” 44 Doors: pine, unmolded, 2 feet 8 inches
by 6 feet 8 inches, l i inches thick,” for which has been substituted
44 Doors: western white pine, 2 feet 8 inches by 6 feet 8 inches, I f
inches thick, 5-panel, No. 1, O. G . ; ” 44Shingles: white pine, 18 inches
long, X X X X , ” for which has been substituted 44 Shingles: Michigan
white pine, 16 inches long, X X X X , ” and 44Jute: raw, spot quotation,”
for which has been substituted 44Jute: raw, M-double triangle, medium
grades.”
In making these substitutions, with the exception of women’s dress
358
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
goods, articles were supplied corresponding as closely as possible to
those which had been previously used.
Some explanation of the method of computing the relative price of
these articles is necessary, and shingles will be used as an illustration.
It must be understood that during the years when 18-inch shingles
were quoted they were assumed to represent the several lengths and
grades of white-pine shingles; that is, that the course of prices of a
standard grade of white-pine shingles in an index number of prices
fairly represents the course of prices of the various grades of whitepine shingles. Therefore when it became necessary to substitute, in
1902, the 16-inch shingles for the 18-inch, prices were secured for
16-inch shingles for both 1901 and 1902, and it was found that the
average price for the year 1902 was 9.96 per cent above the average
price for the year 1901. The relative price of 18-inch shingles in 1901,
as shown in Table IV , was 111.9 (average price for the 10 years, 1890
to 1899, equals 100), and if 18-inch shingles represented white-pine shin
gles at that time and 16-inch shingles now represent the class, shingles
(shown by the increase in price of 16-inch shingles) advanced, in 1902,
9.96 per cent above the price in 1901, and the relative price in 1902 was
therefore 109.96 per cent of 111.9, the relative price in 1901, which
gives 123 as the relative price in 1902. The same method was followed
in computing relative prices for each of the months of 1902. The
average price in 1905 was 2.10 per cent below the price in 1904; there
fore the relative price in 1905 was 97.90 per cent of 122.5, the relative
price in 1904, which gives 119.9 as the relative price in 1905. The
same method of comparing the prices of two years was followed for
hosiery, leather, shawls, sheetings, women’s dress goods, doors, and
jute. For trouserings and underwear the exact grade quoted for 1903
was not manufactured in 1902. The manufacturer of trouserings, how
ever, estimated that one-half the advance in price over the price for
the grade quoted for previous years was due to the fact that it was a
better article and the other half to the advance in price of material and
cost of manufacture. The advance was $0.1125 per yard over the price
in 1902; one-half of this, $0.05625, was added to the 1902 price of the
22 to 23 ounce trouserings to secure a theoretical 1902 price for the 21
to 22 ounce trouserings, and the 1903 relative price was then computed
as above. Underwear was arbitrarily given the same relative price in
1903 as in 1902, as the all-wool underwear manufactured by the same
firm showed no change in price. The 1905 relative prices of trouser
ings and underwear were found in the same way a^ was explained
above for shingles.
Table I I I —Relativeprices o f commodities in 1905, pages 458 to 469.—
This table is taken from Table II and shows the relative prices of each of
the commodities included therein. In this table similar commodities
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
359
have been grouped, and the average of the relative prices shown for
the commodities in each subgroup and in each of the nine general
groups. The averages in all cases were found by dividing the sum of
the relative prices by the number of commodities in the group under
consideration. It should be borne constantly in mind that the term
commodity is used here and elsewhere in a specific sense, “ native”
and 64western” sheep, for example, being considered different com
modities. The method of securing average relative prices in this and
other tables was as follows: The average relative price of cattle was
found by adding the relative prices of the two grades of cattle and
dividing the sum by 2. The average for hogs was found in the same
manner, and also the average for sheep. The average for live stock
was found by dividing the sum of the relative prices of the two grades
of cattle, the two grades of hogs, and the two grades of sheep by 6, the
total number of different descriptions of commodities or series of quo
tations in the live-stock group. The average relative price of each of
the nine general groups was found by dividing the sum of the relative
prices of the different descriptions of commodities for each month by
the number of these commodities or series of quotations considered.
The sum of the relative prices in January, 1905, of the commodities
shown under the general group, food, etc., for example, is 5,945.6,
which amount divided by 53, the number of different descriptions of
commodities or series of quotations considered in that group, gives
112.2 the average for the group food, etc., for January, 1905. As
explained in the discussion of Table II, it was impossible to secure
quotations during all of the months of the year for 6 of the 259 arti
cles. In order of arrangement these are: Rye; herring; buckwheat
flour; potatoes; sheetings, bleached, 10-4, Atlantic, and shirtings,
bleached, 4 -4 , New York Mills. In presenting monthly relative prices
for these articles a nominal relative price (which is the same as the
relative price for the month in which the article was last quoted) has
been entered in this table for the months for which no price quotation
is shown in Table I. This nominal price enters into the average for the
subgroup, the general group, and “ all commodities” for that month.
The average relative price of each of the nine general groups and
of all commodities considered for each month from 1902 to 1905 is shown
in the following summary.
360
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
SUMMARY OF RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES FOR EACH MONTH, 1902 TO 1905,
BY GROUPS.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Lum Drugs
Fuel Metals ber
House
and and
Mis
and
fur
and
build
light imple ing ma chem nishing cella
ing. ments. terials. icals. goods. neous.
Farm
prod
ucts.
Food,
etc.
Cloths
and
cloth
ing.
January.................
February................
M a rch .....................
A pril........................
M a y ........................
Ju ne........................
J u ly ........................
August.....................
September..............
October...................
N ovem ber..............
December................
126.7
126.8
129.0
134.4
137.7
137.6
141.1
131.0
129.7
126.3
123.5
122.3
111.4
111.8
111.1
111.4
112.6
109.3
109.3
108.5
107.9
112.2
112.6
114.1
101.5
101.5
101.9
101.5
101.5
101.6
101.8
101.5
102.0
102.7
102.8
103.0
119.4
118.6
118.9
118.1
123.3
125.9
121.0
120.8
127.2
175.9
158.0
171.2
111.4
112.2
114.1
115.1
118.1
119.9
119.9
120.6
120.4
119.4
118.7
117.3
111.4
112.8
113.2
116.3
120.5
121.5
120.1
121.6
121.0
121.8
122.6
122.7
119.1
117.2
117.4
117.3
114.3
114.3
112.6
111.4
110.2
112.3
113.5
111.5
111.5
111.5
111.5
111.5
112.5
112.5
112.5
112.6
112.5
112.5
112.5
112.5
115.7
112.3
114.0
115.2
115.9
116.6
116.7
114.2
113.6
111.7
110.9
112.9
110.3
110.4
110.9
111.7
113.3
113.1
113.0
112.2
112.3
115.5
114.6
115.3
Average, 1902.
130.5
111.3
102.0
134.3 . 117.2
118.8
114.2
112.2
114.1
112.9
January.................
February................
M arch .....................
April........................
M a y ........................
Ju ne........................
J u ly ........................
August.....................
September..............
October..'...............
N ovem ber..............
December...............
123.3
124.8
127.0
125.0
122.1
121.1
115.8
114.8
117.2
112.5
109.9
112.2
112.3
111.4
112.3
110.0
104.8
105.6
103.8
103.1
107.1
104.4
105.6
105.5
104.2
104.5
104.9
105.0
105.4
106.3
107.5
107.8
108.2
108.0
108.1
108.6
178.6
178.6
164.8
149.0
145.0
143.1
141.1
140.3
140.4
141.2
140.1
139.8
119.4
119.6
121.6
123.1
121.9
119.7
118.1
117.0
115.8
114.3
111.8
109.0
120.7
122.8
123.3
120.9
118.7
120.6
120.1
119.5
121.5
121.3
124.3
123.1
111.8
111.4
113.7
111.4
112.8
113.7
113.1
113.9
112.8
112.6
112.5
111.4
112.2
112.2
113.1
113.1
113.1
113.1
113.1
113.1
112.7
113.5
113.5
113.5
113.3
113.6
114.9
114.2
115.1
114.3
114.3
114.4
114.4
114.5
110.4
110.1
115.9
116.1
115.9
114.9
113.2
113.4
112.6
112.2
113.3
112.3
112.1
111.7
Average, 1903.
118.8
107.1
106.6
149.3
117.6
121.4
112.6
113.0
113.6
113.6
120.8
106.3
127.2
108.3
108.7
130.3
129.2
107.4
105.2
127.6
126.8
105.1
105.2
125.2
125.3
106.3
126.0 * 108.5
125.4
107.8
110.2
126.4
122.2
111.4
110.4
112.1
111.9
111.7
110.9
110.5
108.8
108.6
108.4
108.4
108.3
108.6
143.6
141.9
138.7
130.6
129.1
129.4
127.8
128.2
128.8
129.1
130.8
133.9
108.9
109.0
109.6
111.0
110.6
109.3
108.6
108.3
107.6
107.7
110.7
113.4
123.6
124.4
123.5
123.6
123.9
125.5
124.4
123.6
120.4
119.5
119.4
120.1
111.7
110.4
110.6
111.8
112.3
110.6
109.9
109.6
108.5
108.2
107.7
109.1
111.9
' 111.5
111.5
111.5
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
110.2
111.2
112.9
112.6
112.7
111.6
112.9
111.6
111.2
111.6
109.7
111.5
113.2
114.4
114.6
114.0
113.2
112.9
112.0
112.0
112.0
111.8
112.7
113.5
126.2
107.2
109.8
132.6
109.6
122.7
110.0
111.7
111.7
113.0
January...................
February................
M a rch .................
April........................
May..........................
J u n e........................
J u l y ........................
August.....................
September..............
O ctober...................
N ovem ber..............
December................
124.1
125.9
127.1
127.0
125.2
126.2
128.9
125.3
120.4
120.1
119.7
121.8
112.2
113.6
110.3
109.0
104.6
102.7
103.2
105.9
108.3
108.8
110.2
112.1
109.6
108.5
108.7
108.8
109.0
110.1
111.5
113.8
114.5
115.2
116.1
117.1
130.8
132.8
130.5
125.8
124.0
124.4
124.3
125.3
126.5
132.2
134.5
134.7
115.2
119.7
122.6
122.5
122.3
121.2
120.8
122.3
123.2
124.2
126.3
129.3
120.1
121.9
120.7
122.8
124.5
130.7
128.0
131.6
131.9
133.4
135.2
133.1
108.9
109.4
110.0
110.5
109.0
108.8
106.4
108.1
110.0
110.2
109.5
108.8
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
111.2
113.8
114.6
113.9
112.1
112.9
110.6
111.6
111.8
112.5
113.3
115.1
114.0
115.2
114.9
114.6
113.6
114.1
114.3
116.0
116.7
117.6
118.8
119.9
Average, 1905.
124.2
108.7
112.0
128.8
122.5
127.8
109.1
109.1
112.8
115.9
Date.
All
com
m odi
ties.
1902.
1903.
1904.
January...................
F ebruary................
M a rch .....................
A pril........................
M ay..........................
Ju n e........................
July..........................
August.....................
Septem ber..............
October...................
N ovem ber..............
December...............
Average, 1904.
1905 *
In this table the average relative prices of farm products are based
on 16 articles; of food, etc., on 54 articles in 1902 and 1903 and on 53
articles in 1904 and 1905; of cloths and clothing, on 76 articles; of fuel
and lighting, on 13 articles; of metals and implements, on 38 articles;
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
361
of lumber and building materials, on 27 articles; of drugs and chem
icals, on 9 articles; of house furnishing goods, on 14 articles, and of
miscellaneous, on 13 articles. The average relative prices of all com
modities are based on 260 articles in 1902 and 1903 and on 259 articles
in 1904 and 1905.
The table shows that the group of farm products reached the lowest
average in November, 1903, and the highest in July, 1902; that of
food, etc., the lowest in June, 1905, and the highest in December, 1902;
that of cloths and clothing, the lowest in January, February, April,
May, and August, 1902, and the highest in December, 1905; that of
fuel and lighting, the lowest in April, 1902, and the highest in Janu
ary and February, 1903; that of metals and implements, the lowest in
September, 1904, and the highest in December, 1905; that of lumber
and building materials, the lowest in January, 1902, and the highest
in November, 1905; that of drugs and chemicals, the lowest in July,
1905, and the highest in January, 1902; that of house furnishing
goods, the lowest, January to December, 1905, and the highest in
October, November, and December, 1903; while in the miscellaneous
group the lowest average was reached in November, 1904, and the
highest in July, 1902. It is interesting to see that during the four
years the relative price of not a single group was as low as base— that
is, the average price for the 10-year period from 1890 to 1899. Farm
products were from 9.9 per cent to 41.1 per cent above base (average
price for the 10-year period, 1890 to 1899); food, etc., from 2.7 per
cent to 14.1 per cent above base; cloths and clothing, from 1.5 per
cent to 17.1 per cent above base; fuel and lighting, from 18.1 per cent
to 78.6 per cent above base; metals and implements, from 7.6 per cent
to 29.3 per cent above base; lumber and building materials, from 11.4
per cent to 35.2 per cent above base; drugs and chemicals, from 6.4
per cent to 19.1 per cent above base; house furnishing goods, from
9.1 per cent to 13.5 per cent above base; the miscellaneous group,
from 9.7 per cent to 16.7 per cent above base; and all commodities
combined, from 10.3 per cent to 19.9 per cent above base. A ll com
modities combined reached the lowest average for these years in Jan
uary, 1902, and the highest in December, 1905.
The course of prices during the months of 1902 to 1905 as repre
sented by all commodities is clearly shown in the graphic table which
follows.
362
[Average price for 1890 to 1899=100.]
BU LLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
R E L A T IV E PRICES OF ALL COMMODITIES, B Y MONTHS, 1902 TO 1905.
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
363
Many students of price statistics desire to distinguish between raw
commodities and manufactured commodities, or those which have been
prepared for consumption by the application of manufacturing proc
esses and in which manufacturing labor forms a considerable part of
the cost. W ith a view to such presentation, therefore, the commod
ities included in this price series have been divided into the two classes,
raw and manufactured, and simple averages made for each class. O f
course fixed definitions of these classes can not be made, but the com
modities here designated as raw may be said to be such as are marketed
in their natural state and such as have been subjected to only a pre
liminary manufacturing process, thus converting them into a market
able condition, but not to a suitable form for final consumption, while
the commodities here designated as manufactured are such as have
been subjected to more than a preliminary factory manipulation and
in which the manufacturing labor cost constitutes an important ele
ment in the price. In the group designated as raw are included all
farm products, beans, coffee, eggs, milk, rice, nutmegs, pepper, tea,
vegetables, raw silk, wool, coal, crude petroleum, copper ingots,
pig lead, pig iron, bar silver, spelter, pig tin, brimstone, jute, and
rubber— a total of 50 articles. A ll the other articles are classed as
manufactured commodities.
The table showing the prices for each month, from 1902 to 1905,
follows:
RELATIVE PRICES OF RAW COMMODITIES, MANUFACTURED COMMODITIES, AND ALL
COMMODITIES, FOR EACH MONTH, 1902 TO 1905.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Date.
1902.
Januarv............ ................
February..........................................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................................................
A p r il.................................................................................................................
M a y ...................................................................................................................
June..................................................................................................................
J u ly ...................................................................................................................
A ugu st..............................................................................................................
September.........................................................................................................
O ctob er........................................................................................... ................
November........................................................................................... ............
Decem ber________ _________________________________________________
Average, 1902..........
Manufac
Raw
All
tured
commod
commod commod
ities.
ities.
ities.
117.0
116.2
117.0
117.5
122.8
121.*1
121.8
119.8
119.6
131.3
128.7
131.4
108.7
109.0
109.5
110.3
111.0
111.2
110.9
110.4
110.6
111.7
111.2
111.5
110.3
110.4
110.9
111.7
113.3
113.1
113.0
112.2
112.3
115.5
114.6
115.3
122.4
110.6
112.9
133.0
133.0
127.8
125.8
121.5
121.6
119.9
118.6
120.7
118.1
117.2
117.5
111.8
112.0
113.1
112.3
111.3
111.4
110.9
110.7
111.6
110.9
110.9
110.4
115.9
116.1
115.9
114.9
113.2
113.4
112.6
112.2
113.3
112.3
112.1
111.7
122.7
111.5
113.6
1903.
January.............................
February...........................................................................................................
M arch................................................................................................................
A p ril.................................................................................................................
M a y ...................................................................................................................
June...................................................................................................................
J u ly ...................................................................................................................
A u gu st..............................................................................................................
September.........................................................................................................
O cto b e r............................................................................................................
N ovem ber.........................................................................................................
D ecem ber_________ _____________________ ________________________
Average, 1903..........
364
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
RELATIVE PRICES OF RAW COMMODITIES, MANUFACTURED COMMODITIES, AND ALL
COMMODITIES, FOR EACH MONTH, 1902 TO 1905—Concluded.
Date.
Manufac
All
Raw
tured commod
commod commod
ities.
ities.
ities.
1904.
January.........................................................................................................
February..........................................................................................................
M arch. ’ ............................................................................................................
A p ril....... ..........................................................................................................
M a y ...................................................................................................................
J u n e .................................................................................................................
J u ly ...................................................................................................................
A ugust..............................................................................................................
September.........................................................................................................
October..............................................................................................................
November.........................................................................................................
Decem ber.........................................................................................................
121.8
123.6
123.2
121.1
119.7
118.5
117.5
118.7
119.1
117.3
120.7
122.1
111.1
112.2
112.5
112.3
111.6
111.5
110.7
110.4
110.3
110.5
110.8
111.5
113.2
114.4
114.6
314.0
113.2
112.9
112.0
112.0
112.0
111.8
112.7
113.5
Average, 1904..........................................................................................
119.7
111.3
113.0
1905.
January............................................................................................................
February.........................................................................................................
M arch...............................................................................................................
A p r il.................................................................................................................
M a y ...................................................................................................................
June...................................................................................................................
J u ly ...................................................................................................................
A u gu st..............................................................................................................
September.........................................................................................................
October..............................................................................................................
November..................................................................................................... .
Decem ber.........................................................................................................
123.0
124.1
122.6
119.6
118.2
117.4
118.4
118.4
119.6
122.1
123.8
126.3
111.9
113.1
113.1
113.4
112.5
113.8
113.3
115.4
116.0
116.6
117.6
118.3
114.0
115.2
114.9
114.6
113.6
114.1
114.3
116.0
116.7
117.6
118.8
119.9
Average, 1905..........................................................................................
121.2
114.6
115.9
The raw commodities reached the lowest average for these years in
February, 1902, and the highest in January and February, 1903;
manufactured commodities reached the lowest in January, 1902, and
the highest in December, 1905. The average for raw commodities
ranged from 16.2 per cent to 33 per cent above the base price, while
the average for manufactured commodities ranged from 8.7 per cent
to 18.3 per cent above the base price.
The course of prices of raw and manufactured commodities from
1902 to 1905 is shown in the graphic table which follows:
365
R E LA TIV E PRICES OF R A W AND MANUFACTURED COMMODITIES, BY MONTHS. 1902 TO 1905.
5929—No.
COURSE OF W HOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
[Average price for 1890 to 1899=100.]
----------- RAW.—
-------------MANUFACTURED COMMODITIES,
366
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
Table IV .—Base prices (average for 1890-1899), and average yearly
actual and relative prices o f commodities, 1890 to 1905, pages IflO to190.—
This fable shows for each commodity the base price (average price for
the 10-year period 1890-1899), the average price for each of the 16
years from 1890 to 1905, and the relative price for each year. The
average price for each year was obtained, as has been explained, by
dividing the sum of the quotations for e$ch year as shown in Table I
by the number of quotations for each year. The average price for
the 10-year period 1890 to 1899 was obtained by dividing the sum of
the average prices of the 10 years by 10. The relative prices for each
year were computed in the same way as for each month, as explained
in the discussion of Table II.
Table V.—Relative prices o f commodities, 1890 to 1905, pages 191 to
502.— This table is taken from Table IV , and shows the relative prices
of each of the commodities included therein. In this table similar com
modities have been grouped and the average of the relative prices
shown for the commodities in each subgroup and in each of the nine
general groups. The averages in all cases were found by dividing the
sum of the relative prices by the number of commodities in the group
under consideration, as explained in the discussion of Table III.
The average relative price of each of the nine general groups was
found by dividing the sum of the relative prices of the different
descriptions of commodities for each year by the number of these com
modities or series of quotations considered in that year. The sum of
the relative prices in 1890 of the commodities shown under the general
group food, etc., for example, is 5,958.2, which amount, divided
by 53, the number of different descriptions of commodities or series
of quotations considered for that year, gives 112.4, the average for the
group food, etc., for 1890. For 1893 to 1903, 54 commodities are
quoted in this group, and that number is accordingly the divisor for
each of those years. For 1904 and 1905, 53 commodities are included
in this group.
The average relative price of each of the nine general groups for
each year of the period and the average relative price of all com
modities for each year are shown in the summary following:
367
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
SUMMARY OF RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905, BY GROUPS.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Year.
1890.........
1891.........
1892.........
1893.........
1894.........
1895.........
1896 .........
1897 .........
1898 .........
1899 .........
1900.........
1901.........
1902 .........
1903.........
1904.........
1905.........
Farm
prod
ucts.
110.0
121.5
111.7
107.9
95.9
93.3
78.3
85.2
96.1
100.0
109.5
116.9
130.5
118.8
126.2
124.2
Food,
etc.
112.4
115.7
103.6
110.2
99.8
94.6
83.8
87.7
94.4
98.3
104.2
105.9
111.3
107.1
107.2
108.7
Cloths
and
cloth
ing.
Fuel
and
light
ing.
113.5
111.3
109.0
107.2
96.1
92.7
91.3
91.1
93.4
96.7
106.8
101.0
102.0
106.6
109.8
112.0
104.7
102.7
101.1
100.0
92.4
98.1
104.3
96.4
95.4
105.0
120.9
119.5
134.3
149.3
132.6
128.8
Drugs
Metals Lumber
House
and
com
and
furnish Miscel All
and
ing
laneous. modi
imple building
chemic
ties.
als.
goods.
ments. mate
rials.
119.2
111.7
106.0
100.7
90.7
92.0
93.7
86.6
86.4
114.7
120.5
111.9
117.2
117.6
109.6
122.5
111.8
108.4
102.8
101.9
96.3
94.1
93.4
90.4
95.8
105.8
115.7
116.7
118.8
121.4
122.7
127.8
110.2
103.6
102.9
100.5
89.8
87.9
92.6
94.4
106.6
111.3
115.7
115.2
114.2
112.6
110.0
109.1
111.1
110.2
106.6
104.9
100.1
96.5
94.0
89.8
92.0
95.1
106.1
110.9
112.2
113.0
111.7
109.1
110.3
109.4
106.2
105.9
99.8
94.5
91.4
92.1
92.4
97.7
109.8
107.4
114.1
113.6
111.7
112.8
112.9
111.7
106.1
105.6
96.1
93.6
90.4
89.7
93.4
101.7
110.5
108.5
112.9
113.6
113.0
115.9
In this table the average relative prices of farm products are based
on 16 articles; of food, etc., on 53 articles from 1890 to 1892 and 1904
and 1905, and 54 from 1893 to 1903; of cloths and clothing, on 70 arti
cles in 1890 and 1891, 72 in 1892, 73 in 1893 and 1894, 75 in 1895 and
1896, and 76 from 1897 to 1905; of fuel and lighting, on 13 articles; of
metals and implements, on 37 articles from 1890 to 1893, 38 in 1894 and
1895 and from 1899 to 1905, and 39 from 1896 to 1898; of lumber and build
ing materials, on 26 articles from 1890 to 1894, and 27 from 1895 to 1905;
of drugs and chemicals, on 9 articles; of house furnishing goods, on
14 articles, and of miscellaneous, on 13 articles. The average relative
prices of all commodities are based on 251 articles in 1890 and 1891,
on 253 in 1892, on 255 in 1893, on 256 in 1894, on 259 in 1895, 1904,
and 1905, on 260 in 1896 and from 1899 to 1903, and on 261 in 1897
and 1898.
A study of the table shows that the group of farm products reached
the lowest average in 1896 and the highest in 1902; that of food, etc.,
the lowest in 1896 and the highest in 1891; that of cloths and cloth
ing, the lowest in 1897 and the highest in 1890; that of fuel and light
ing, the lowest in 1894 and the highest in 1903; that of metals and
implements, the lowest in 1898 and the highest in 1905; that of lumber
and building materials, the lowest in 1897 and the highest in 1905; that
of drugs and chemicals, the lowest in 1895 and the highest in 1900; that
of house furnishing goods, the lowest in 1897 and the highest in 1903,
while in the miscellaneous group the lowest average was reached in
1896 and the highest in 1902. The average for all commodities com
bined was the lowest in 1897 and the highest in 1905. O f the nine
groups it is seen that one reached its lowest point in 1894, one in 1895,
three in 1896, three in 1897, and one in 1898. The highest point was
reached by one group in 1890, by one in 1891, by one in 1900, by two
in 1902, by two in 1903, and by two in 1905.
368
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
The course of wholesale prices during the 16 years 1890 to 1905, as
represented by all commodities considered, is shown in the graphic
table which follows:
R E L A T IV E PRICES OF A L L COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905.
[Average price for 1890 to 1899=100.]
In the table which follows, all commodities under consideration have
been divided into two classes or groups. The 50 articles which are
included in the group of raw commodities are shown on page 363. All
the other articles are classed as manufactured commodities.
RELATIVE PRICES OF RAW COMMODITIES, MANUFACTURED COMMODITIES, AND ALL
COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905.
[Average price for 1890-1899 = 100.]
Year.
1890.................................................................................................................
1891.................................................................................................................
1892.................................................................................................................
1893.................................................................................................................
1894.................................................................................................................
1895.................................................................................................................
1896.................................................................................................................
1897.................................................................................................................
1898.................................................................................................................
1899
__________________ ____ __ _______ _______
-1900___ ___
1901.................................................................................................................
1902.................................................................................................................
1903.................................................................................................................
1904.................................................................................................................
1905.................................................................................................................
Manu
Raw
factured A ll com
commod commod
modities.
ities.
ities.
115.0
116.3
107.9
104.4
93.2
91.7
84.0
87.6
94.0
105.9
111.9
111.4
122.4
122.7
119.7
121.2
112.3
110.6
105.6
105.9
96.8
94.0
91.9
90.1
93.3
100.7
110.2
107.8
110.6
111.5
111.3
114.6
112.9
111.7
106.1
105.6
96.1
93.6
90.4
89.7
93.4
101.7
110.5
108.5
112.9
113.6
113.0
115.9
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
369
In 1890 and 1891, when prices in general were high, the raw com
modities were higher than the manufactured, and remained so until
1893, when prices of raw commodities declined and manufactured
commodities were slightly above the prices of 1892. From 1894 to
1896 there was a marked decline in both groups, the raw being lower
than the manufactured in each of these years. In 1897 raw advanced
and manufactured declined. From 1898 to 1900 there was a decided
advance in both groups each year, raw advancing to a higher point
than manufactured. In 1901 there was a very slight decline in raw
and a more marked decline in manufactured. In 1902 both raw and
manufactured commodities made a decided advance. In 1903 raw
commodities advanced to the highest point reached in the 16 years
under consideration, and manufactured commodities again advanced.
In 1904 both raw and manufactured commodities declined slightly.
In 1905 both raw and manufactured commodities advanced and manu
factured commodities reached the highest point during the 16 years
considered.
For the 16 years included in this table, with the single exception
of 1893, it will be seen that during the years of high prices raw com
modities were higher than manufactured, and during the years of low
prices, with the exception of 1898, raw were lower than manufactured.
This is clearly shown in the graphic table which follows.
370
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
R E L A T IV E PRICES OF R A W AND M AN U FACTU RED COM M ODITIES, 1890
TO 1905.
[Average price for 1890 to 1899=100.]
The average relative prices of the 249 commodities for which quo
tations were secured for the entire period involved do not differ mate
rially from the average relative prices of all commodities shown in
a preceding table. Eliminating the commodities for which quotations
could be secured for only a portion of the period, we find that the
average relative prices of the 249 commodities remaining was 112.9
in 1890, 111.7 in 1891,106 in 1892,105.4 in 1893, 95.9 in 1894, 93.5 in
1895, 90.3 in 1896, 89.5 in 1897, 93.2 in 1898, 101.5 in 1899, 110.2 in
1900, 108.3 in 1901, 112.8 in 1902, 113.7 in 1903, 113.2 in 1904, and
115.9 in 1905.
The following table shows for each of the nine general groups the
relative prices of 1905 compared with the average for 1890 to 1899.
371
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905,
Only the commodities for which the quotations throughout the 16-year
period have been for practically the same description of article are
included in this table. The average price for 1890 to 1899 is in every
case the base or 100 per cent. It should be kept in mind in using this
table that the comparison is between the prices for 1905 and the average
prices for the base period:
RELATIVE PRICES, 1905 COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899.
[For a more detailed description of the articles see Table I, page 388 et seq.]
F arm p rod u cts, 16 articles.
Article.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
Article.
107.0
107.6
107.9
110.2
111.2
112.2
119.9
120.4
123.1
Sheep: western.......................................... .
Com: No. 2, cash....................................... .
Sheep: n a tiv e............................................ .
Rye: No. 2, cash..........................................
Wheat: contract grades, cash....................
Hops: New York State, choice.................
Hides: green, salted, packers, heavy na
tive steers.................................................
PRICE INCREASED.
p r i c e in c r e a s e d — c o n c lu d e d .
Rela
tive
price,
!
i
Barley: by sam ple................. .
Flaxseed: No. 1...................... .
Hay: timothy, No. 1 ...............
Cattle: steers, good to choice .
Oats: cash.................................
Cattle: steers, choice to extra.
Hogs: heavy.............................
Hogs: lig h t ..............................
Cotton: upland, m id d lin g ___
128.5
131.7
134.5
134.5
134.5
150.9
152.6
F o o d , etc., 6 2 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
Bread: loaf (Washington market)............
Starch: pure c o m .........................................
Molasses: New Orleans, open kettle, prime
T allow ...........................................................
Meat: beef, fresh, native sides...................
Meat: hams, sm ok ed ..................................
Salt: Am erican............................................
Sugar: 89° fair refining...............................
Sugar: 96° centrifugal................................
Butter: creamery, extra (New York mar
ket) .............................................................
Sugar: granulated.......................................
Butter: creamery, Elgin (Elgin market) .
Flour: buckw heat.......................................
Milk: fre sh ...................................................
Bread: loaf, Vienna (New York market).
Meat: mutton, dressed...............................
Lard: prime contract..................................
Butter: dairy, New York State.................
Fish: salmon, canned..................................
Flour: wheat, winter straights.................
Meat: bacon, short clear sides...................
Bread: loaf, homemade (New Y ork mar
ket) .............................................................
Meat: bacon, short rib sides......................
Meat: beef, salt, hams, western.................
Cheese: New York State, full cream.........
Meat: pork, salt, mess, old to n ew ............
Meat: beef, salt, extra m ess......................
p r ic e in c r e a s e d — c o n c lu d e d .
100.6
100.7
102.5
103.2
104.0
106.3
107.2
108.8
110.6
111.0
111.2
111.9
112.7
113.3
113.6
113.9
113.9
115.6
115.7
118.6
119.4
121.6
122.8
123.9
125.0
Flour: wheat, spring p atents.................
Meal: com , fine white................................
Beans: medium, ch o ice .............................
Meal: corn, fine yellow ...............................
Fruit: currants, in barrels........................
Fish: cod, dry, bank, large........................
Bread: crackers, Boston X ........................
Flour: rye.....................................................
Eggs: new-laid, fancy, near-by.................
Fish: herring, shore, roun d......................
Spices: pepper, Singapore.........................
126.2
126.4
128.8
130.3
130.7
132.4
132.5
134.7
138.2
158.9
162.5
PRICE DECREASED.
Vinegar: cider, Monarch...........................
Fish: mackerel, salt, large No. 3s...........
Vegetables, fresh: on ion s......................
Bread: crackers, sod a................................
Tea: Formosa, fin e .....................................
Fruit: apples, evaporated, c h oice............
Vegetables, fresh: potatoes, Burbank___
Fruit: raisins, California, London layer..
Rice: domestic, ch oice...............................
Fruit: apples, sun-dried, southern, sliced
Coffee: Rio No. 7 .........................................
Soda: bicarbonate of, American...............
Fruit: prunes, California, in boxes..........
Spices: nutmegs..........................................
95.3
95.1
94.2
82.5
80.7
79.1
74.3
67.6
63.4
62.2
69.3
39.8
372
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
RELATIVE PRICES, 1905 COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899—Continued.
Cloths and clothing , 6 3 articles.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
Article.
Article.
PRICE SAME AS BASE.
p r i c e in c r e a s e d — c o n c lu d e d .
Boots and shoes: men’s calf bal. shoes,
Goodyear welt, dongola t o p ...................
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4, Pepperell.......
Boots and shoes: men’s split boots, kip
top, 16-inch, £ double sole ( « ) ...............
Cotton flannels: 2| yards to the p ou n d ...
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Indian H ea d .......
Women’s dress goods: cashmere, cotton
warp, 27-inch, H am ilton........................
Drillings: 30-inch, Stark A ........................
Worsted yarns: 2-40s, Australian fine___
Drillings: brown, Pepperell......................
Blankets: 11-4,5 pounds to the pair, cot
ton warp, all wool filling........................
Worsted yarns: 2-40s, X X X or its equiva
lent in quality, white, in skeins (6 )___
Women’s dress goods: cashmere, all
wool, 10-11 twill, 38-inch, Atlantic
Mills J ................................ : ....................
Horse blankets: 6 pounds each, all wool.
Women’s dress goods: Franklin sack
ings, 6-4.....................................................
Women’ s dress goods: cashmere, cotton
warp, 9-twill, 4-4, Atlantic Mills F . . . .
Wool: Ohio, fine fleece (X and X X
grade), scoured........................................
Blankets: 11-4,5 pounds to the pair, cot
ton warp, cotton and wool filling.........
100.0
PRICE INCREASED.
Underwear: shirts and drawers, white,
all wool, full-fashioned, 18-gauge..........
Boots and shoes: men’ s brogans, split___
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, L onsdale...........
Tickings: Amoskeag A. C. A ......................
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, Fruit of the Loom
Cotton yarns: carded, white, mule-spun,
northern, cones, 22/1..................................
Linen thread: 8-cord, 200-yard spools,
Barbour......................................................
Denims: Amoskeag......................................
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, H o p e .................
Leather: wax calf, 30 to 40 pounds to the
dozen, B grade...........................................
Cotton yarns: carded, white, mule-spun,
northern, cones, 10/1................................
Leather: sole, o a k .......................................
Bags: 2-bushel, Amoskeag.........................
Print cloths: 28-inch, 64 by 6 4 ...................
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4, A tla n tic.........
Overcoatings: chinchilla, B-rough, all
w o o l...........................................................
Carpets: Brussels, 5-frame, Bigelow.........
Broadcloths: first quality, black, 54-inch,
made from X X X w ool.............................
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Atlantic A ............
Suitings: indigo blue, all wool, 54-inch,
14-ounce, Middlesex standard...............
Carpets: Wilton, 6-frame, B ig elow ...........
Carpets: ingrain, 2-ply, L o w e ll.................
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Pepperell R ..........
Wool: Ohio, medium fleece (£ and f
grade), scoured.........................................
Overcoatings: beaver, Moscow, all wool,
b la c k ..........................................., .............
Leather: sole, hemlock, nonacid, Buenos
Ayres, m iddle weights, first quality___
Cotton flannels: 3£ yards to the p ou n d . . .
Flannels: white, 4-4, Ballard Vale No. 3..
Blankets: 11-4, 5 pounds to the pair, all
w o o l...........................................................
Suitings: indigo blue, all wool, 16-ounce.
Boots and shoes: women’s solid grain
shoes, leather, polish or polka...............
Cotton thread: 6-cord, 200-yard spools,
J. & P. Coats..............................................
100.4
101.5
101.7
102.1
102.7
103.5
103.7
103.7
105.2
106.5
107.8
108.9
109.6
110.0
110.2
111.8
115.1
115.2
115.6
115.6
115.9
116.2
116.9
117.2
117.3
118.4
118.4
119.0
119.0
119.5
120.1
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
120.3
120.5
121.0
121.1
121.4
121.5
123.0
126.0
126.4
126.4
128.4
130.9
131.0
132.7
137.4
141.5
PRICE DECREASED.
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, Wamsutta
.
Silk: raw, Japan, filatures..........................
Linen shoe thread: 10s, B arbour..............
Overcoatings: covert cloth, lightweight,
staple g oods..............................................
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, New York Mills.
Ginghams: Amoskeag................................
Silk: raw, Italian, classical......................
Boots and shoes: men’s vici kid shoes,
Goodyear w e lt .........................................
Overcoatings: chinchilla, cotton warp,
C. C. g ra d e................................................
Calico: Cocheco prints...............................
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4, Wamsutta
S .T .............................................................
Ginghams: Lancaster.................................
Hosiery: men’s cotton half hose, seam
less, standard quality, 84 needles.........
Hosiery: women’s cotton hose, seamless,
fast black, 26 to 28 ounce, 160 to 176
needles.......... ...........................................
99.4
99.3
97.2
96.6
96.5
95.5
93.5
91.6
90.2
89.2
84.2
F u el and lighting , 1 3 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
Candles: adamantine, 6s, 14-ounce............
Petroleum: refined, for export...................
Coal: bituminous, Georges Creek (f.o. b.
New York H arbor)..................................
Coal: bituminous, Pittsburg (Youghiogh en y)........................................................
Coal: anthracite, broken...........................
Coal: anthracite, sto v e ...............................
Con.1: flnthrnmtPj p.hpstn lit,.........................
Coal: anthracite, e g g ..................................
PRICE INCREASED—concluded.
109.7
111.2
114.8
124.4
125.1
127.1
134.1
134.3
Coke: Connellsville, furnace....................
Petroleum: refined, 150° fire test, w. w ...
Petroleum: cru d e .......................................
Coal: bituminous, Georges Creek (at
m in e )........................................................
180.0
PRICE DECREASED.
Matches: parlor, domestic..........................
a From 1903 to 1905, russet bound top, 17-inch,
b From 1902 to 1905, designated as X X X X .
134.7
141.9
152.1
£ double sole.
85.4
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
373
RELATIVE PRICES, 1905 COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899—Continued.
M etals and im plem ents, 3 6 articles.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
Article.
PRICE SAME AS BASE.
Article.
1905.
p r ic e in c r e a s e d
Saws: crosscut, Disston...............................
Trowels: M. C. O., brick, lOi-inch..............
100.0
100.0
PRICE INCREASED.
Vises: solid box, 50-pound..........................
Steel rails......................................................
Lead p ipe......................................................
Steel billets...................................................
Planes: Bailey No. 5.....................................
Copper wire: bare.........................................
Bar iron: best refined, from store (Phila
delphia m arket).......................................
Pig iron: Bessemer.......................................
Copper: sheet, hot rolled (base sizes). . . . .
Pig iron: foundry No. 1..............................
Files: 8-inch m ill bastard...........................
Pig iron: foundry No. 2 ...............................
Lead: p ig ......................................................
Butts: loose-joint, cast, 3 x 3 in ch ..............
Copper: ingot, lake.......................................
Zinc: s h e e t...................................................
106.1
107.4
108.4
111.6
115.7
116.3
117.1
118.7
120.1
120.8
121.6
125.7
125.7
126.6
127.7
128.5
Rela
tive
p rice ,
—concluded.
Bar iron: best refined, from m ill (Pitts
burg m a r k e t ) ...........................................................
Hammers: Maydole No. H ........................
Pig iron: gray forge, southern, c o k e .......
Spelter: western...........................................
Axes: M. C. O., Y ankee.............................
T in : p ig ........................................................
Locks: common mortise.............................
A u g e r s : e x tr a , f -i n c h ..................................
C h isels: e x tr a , so c k e t firm er, 1- in c h ............
Doorknobs: steel, bronze plated................
129.0
129.0
130.7
131.0
134.7
170.3
183.1
190.7
209.5
213.6
PRICE DECREASED.
Nails: cut, 8-penny, fence and com m on..
Saws: hand, Disston No. 7..........................
Quicksilver...................................................
Shovels: Ames No. 2....................................
Barbwire: galvanized ...............................
Nails: wire, 8-penny, fence and common.
Silver: bar, fin e ..........................................
Wood screws: 1-inch, No. 10, flat h ea d ...
99.9
93.6
97.4
9J. 9
91.3
87.7
81.5
69.9
L u m ber and building m aterials , 2 4 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
PRICE i n c r e a s e d — c o n c lu d e d .
Linseed Oil: r a w ..........................................
Lime: co m m o n ............................................
Carbonate of lead: American, in o il....... .
Maple: h a r d .................................................
Oxide of z in c ...............................................
Window glass: American, single, thirds,
6 x 8 to 10x15 in ch .....................................
Oak: white, plain....................................... .
Window glass: American, single, firsts,
6x8 to 10x15 i n c h ...................................
Pine: y e llo w .................................................
Pine: white, boards, No. 2 ba m .................
Brick: common d om estic...........................
T a r ................................................................
Spruce...........................................................
Hem lock.......................................................
103.1
106.9
109.7
115.1
116.3
117.6
126.5
128.5
134.9
144.6
145.7
145.9
149.3
149.4
Oak: white, quartered...............................
Poplar................................ ........................
Pine: white, boards, uppers.....................
Turpentine: spirits o f................................
Resin: good, strained...............................
149.5
153.7
177.4
187.7
237.7
PRICE DECREASED.
Shingles: cypress.......................................
Cement: Rosendale....................................
Plate glass: polished, unsilvered, area 5
to 10 square fe e t ......................................
Putty.............................................................
Plate glass: polished, unsilvered, area 3
to 6 square fe e t .......................................
96.6
93.9
71.8
69.0
66.3
D ru gs and chem icals, 9 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
PRICE DECREASED.
Brimstone: crude, seconds___
Alum: lum p................................
Alcohol: grain, 94 per cent
Opium: natural, in cases.........
Sulphuric acid: 6 6 °.................
Muriatic acid: 20°.....................
102.8
104.8
108.3
128.5
139.3
153.8
Glycerin: refined.........................................
Quinine: A m erican....................................
Alcohol: wood, refined, 95 per c e n t.........
88.5
85.4
70.8
H ou se fu rn ish in g goods , 1 4 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
Earthenware: plates, white granite....... .
Earthenware: plates, cream-colored....... .
Wooden ware: tubs, oak-grained............ .
Furniture: tables, kitchen.........................
Table cutlery: knives and forks, cocobolo
handles......................................................
Furniture: bedroom sets, ash....................
Furniture: chairs, kitchen.........................
Glassware: nappies, 4-inch.........................
Furniture: chairs, bedroom, m aple..........
PRICE INCREASED— C o n clu d e d .
102.4
106.6
107.6
108.1
110.4
117.0
124.2
125.0
129.1
Wooden ware: pails, oak-grained.
130.9
PRICE DECREASED.
Earthenware: teacups and saucers, white
granite......................................................
Table cutlery : carvers, stag handles.......
Glassware: pitchers, i-gallon, com m on..
Glassware: tumblers, i-pint, com m on—
98.8
93.8
89.4
84.5
374
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
RELATIVE PRICES, 1905 COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899—Concluded.
M iscellaneous , 1 2 articles.
Article.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
Article.
PRICE INCREASED.
PRICE DECREASED.
Proof spirits.................................................
Soap: castile, mottled, pure........................
Tobacco: smoking, granulated, Seal of
North C arolina.........................................
Cotton-seed m e a l........................................
Tobacco: plug, Horseshoe.........................
Rope: m anila...............................................
Rubber: Para Island...................................
Paper: wrapping, m anila..........................
Starch: laundry..........................................
Cotton-seed oil: summer yellow, p rim e...
Malt: western m ade....................................
Paper: news.................................................
109.7
114.2
117.9
120.0
123.7
127.9
155.2
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
94.9
94.5
87.5
80.9
The 1905 price of every one of the 10 articles included in the farm
products group was higher than the average price for 1890 to 1899.
The 1905 price, compared with the average price for 1890 to 1899,
shows hides 52.6 per cent above; hops, 50.9 per cent above; wheat,
rye, and native sheep, 34.5 per cent above; corn, 31.7 per cent above;
western sheep, 28.5 per cent above; cotton, 23.1 percent above; light
hogs, 20.4 per cent above; heavy hogs, 19.9 per cent above, etc.
Thirty-eight of the 52 articles of food shown in this table were higher
and 14 lower than the average price for 1890 to 1899. In 1905 pepper
was 62.5 per cent above the average price for 1890 to 1899; herring,
58.9 per cent above; eggs, 38.2 per cent above; rye flour, 34.7 per
cent above; Boston crackers, 32.5 per cent above; codfish, 32.4 per
cent above; yellow meal, 30.3 per cent above; beans, 28.8 per cent
above; white meal, 26.4 per cent above, etc.
Nutmegs were 60.2 per cent below the average price for 1890 to 1899;
prunes, 40.7 per cent below; coffee, 36.6 per cent below; rice, 25.7
per cent below; potatoes, 19.3 per cent below, etc.
O f the 63 articles considered in the cloths and clothing group, 48
were, in 1905, above, 14 below, and one the same as the average price
for 1890 to 1899. In 1905 one description of blankets was 41.5 per
cent above the average price for 1890 to 1899; Ohio fine fleece wool,
37.4 per cent above; cotton warp cashmere, 32.7 per cent above;
Franklin sackings, 31 per cent above, etc.
Women’s cotton hosiery, 160 to 176 needles, was 15.8 per cent below
the average price for 1890 to 1899; men’s cotton hosiery, 84 needles,
10.8 per cent below; Lancaster ginghams, 9.8 per cent below, etc.
O f the 13 articles included in the fuel and lighting group in 1905,
one article was below the average price for 1890 to 1899. Georges
Creek coal at the mine was 80 per cent above the average price for
1890 to 1899. Crude petroleum was 52.1 per cent above the average
price for 1890 to 1899; 150° refined petroleum, 41.9 per cent above;
coke, 34.7 per cent above; anthracite coal, egg size, 34.3 per cent
above; chestnut size, 34.1 per cent above, etc.
375
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
Thirty-six articles are considered in the metals and implements
group. Two were the same price in 1905, 26 were above, and 8 were
below the average price for 1890 to 1899. Doorknobs were 113.6 per
cent above the average price for 1890 to 1899; chisels, 109.5 per cent
above; pig tin, 70.3 per cent above; pig iron, gray forge, 30.7 per
cent above; bar iron, from mill, 29 per cent above, etc.
Wood screws were 30.1 per cent below the average for 1890 to
1899; bar silver was 18.5 per cent below; wire nails were 12.3 per
cent below, etc.
O f the 24 articles considered in the lumber and building materials
group 19 were above and 5 were below the average price for 1890 to
1899. Resin was 137.7 per cent above the average price for 1890 to
1899; spirits of turpentine, 87.7 per cent above; white-pine boards,
uppers, were 77.4 per cent above; poplar, 53.7 per cent above, etc.
Plate glass, area 3 to 5 square feet, was 33.7 per cent below the aver
age price for 1890 to 1899; putty, 31 per cent below; plate glass, area
5 to 10 square feet, 28.2 per cent below, etc.
Of the 9 articles included in the group of drugs and chemicals 6
were above and 3 were below the average price for 1890 to 1899.
O f the 14 articles in the group of house furnishing goods the 1905
prices of 10 articles were above the average price for 1890 to 1899,
and the prices of 4 articles were below that average.
O f the 12 articles included in the miscellaneous group the 1905
prices of 7 were above and of 5 below the average price for 1890
to 1899.
The facts presented in the foregoing table are summarized in the
following, which shows the changes in prices of articles in each group,
classified by per cent of change:
CHANGES IN PRICES OF ARTICLES IN EACH GROUP, CLASSIFIED BY PER CENT OF
CHANGE, 1905 COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899.
Group.
Price increased.
Price decreased.
Num
Price
ber
100 50 to
Less 10 to 25 to 50 per
of
per 100 25 to 10 *° 1than same
as than 25
arti cent per
per 50 per cent
50 per f eP flO p e r base.
10
per cent.
or
cles.
or cent. cent. cent*1 cent.
cent. more.
cent.
more.
Farm products.............................
Food, e t c .......................................
Cloths and cloth in g ....................
Fuel and lighting........................
Metals and im plem ents..............
Lumber and building materials.
Drugs and chemicals...................
House furnishing goods..............
Miscellaneous...............................
16
52
68
13
36
24
9
14
12
2
1
T o ta l....................................
239
3
2
2
2
3
3
1
1
14
5
6 i
18 i
10
9
26 I
6
3 1
8 i
10
9
3 j
2 .........
3
3
4
1
3
8
13
1
3
3
3
4
1
55
39
71 ,
1
5
12
2
5
2
2
2
3
3
2
1
2
2
2
3
28 | 15
5
1
1
3
1
10
1
It is seen in the above comparison of the prices of 1905 with the
average for 1890 to 1899 that all of the 16 articles in the farm products
group show an increase; of the 52 in the food, etc., group, 38 show
376
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
an increase and 14 a decrease; of the 63 in the cloths and clothinogroup, 48 show an increase, 1 same as the base, and 14 show a decrease;
of the 13 in the fuel and lighting group, 12 show an increase and 1 a
decrease; of the 36 in the metals and implements group, 26 show an
increase, 2 show the same price as the average for the base period, and
8 show a decrease; of the 24 in the lumber and building materials
group, 19 show an increase and 5 a decrease; of the 9 in the drugs and
chemicals group, 6 show an increase and 3 a decrease; of the 14 in the
house furnishing goods group, 10 show an increase and 4 a decrease;
of the 12 in the miscellaneous group, 7 show an increase and 5 a
decrease. O f the 239 commodities included in this table, 182 show an
increase, 3 show the same price as the average for the base period, and
54 show a decrease.
The number of articles according to classified per cents of increase
and decrease is also shown in this table. O f the 182 commodities that
showed an increase in 1905 over the average for 1890 to 1899, 39
advanced less than 10 per cent, 71 advanced from 10 to 25 per cent,
55 advanced from 25 to 50 per cent, 14 advanced from 50 to 100 per
cent, and 3 advanced 100 per cent or more. O f the 54 commodities
which showed a decrease, 28 decreased less than 10 per cent, 15
decreased from 10 to 25 per cent, 10 decreased from 25 to 50 per cent,
and 1 decreased 50 per cent or more (60.2 per cent).
The number and per cent of articles which showed each specified
increase or decrease are given in the following table:
NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ARTICLES, BY- CLASSIFIED PER CENT OF INCREASE OR
DECREASE, 1905 COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899.
Number Per cent
of
of
articles. articles.
Price increased:
100 per cent or m ore.........
50 to 100 per c e n t..............
25 to 50 per c e n t...............
10 to 25 per c e n t................
T.oca than 10 nor nant
Tntn.1
Price same as base...................
3
14
55
71
39
1.3
6.8
23.0
29.7
16.3
182
76.1
3
1.3
Number Per cent
of
of
articles. articles.
Price decreased:
Less than 10 per c e n t.. . . .
10 to 25 per cent................
25 to 50 per cen t...............
50 per cent or m ore..........
Tntu 1
flrpnd tntal
28
15
10
1
11.7
6.3
4.2
.4
54
22.6
239
100.0
O f the 239 articles included in this table it is seen that 182, or 76.1
per cent, show an increase in price; 3 articles, or 1.3 per cent, show
the same price as the average for the base period, and 54 articles, or
22.6 per cent, show a decrease in price in 1905 as compared with the
average price for the base period.
O f the 259 commodities considered in the Bureau’s compilation of
prices, the average price of 142 commodities was higher in 1905 than
in 1904, the average price of 24 was the same in 1905 as in 1904, and
the average price of 93 was lower in 1905 than in 1904.
377
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
To assist in making easy a comparison of 1905 prices of the general
groups and of all commodities with prices of the other years the fol
lowing table has been prepared, showing the per cent of increase of
1905 prices over the prices of each year from 1890 to 1904:
PEE CENT OF INCREASE IN WHOLESALE PRICES OF THE GENERAL GROUPS OF
COMMODITIES IN 1905 OVER PRICES IN PREVIOUS YEARS.
Per cent of increase in 1905 over—
urroup.
1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895. 1896. 1897. 1898. 1899. 1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904.
Farm, p roducts...........
Food, e tc.....................
Cloths and clothing..
Fuel and lighting___
Metals and imple
ments ......................
Lumber and building
materials.................
Drugs and chemicals.
House
furnishing
g oods........................
M iscellaneous............
All commodities..
12.9 2.2 11.2 15.1 29.5 33.1
<*3.3 <*6.1 4.9 <*1.4 8.9 14.9
.6 2.8 4.5 16.5 20.8
<*1.3
23.0 25.4 27.4 28.8 39.4 31.3
2.8
58.6
29.7
22.7
23.5
45.8
23.9
22.9
33.6
29.2
15.1
19.9
35.0
9.7 15.6 21.6 35.1 33.2 30.7 41.5 41.8
24.2 13.4 6.2 <*4.8 4.5 <*1.6
10.6 4.3 2.6 <*2.3 1.5 1.4
15.8 4.9 10.9 9.8 5.1 2.0
22.7 6.5 7.8 <*4.1 <*13.7 <*2.9
6.8
1.7
9.5
4.5
4.2 11.8
14.3 17.9 24.3 25.4 32.7 35.8 36.8 41.4 33.4 20.8 10.5 9.5 7.6 5.3 4.2
al.O 5.3 6.0 8.6 21.5 24.1 17.8 15.6 2.3 <*2.0 <*5.7 <*5.3 <*4.5 <*3.1 a .8
<*1.8 al.O
2.3 3.1
2.4
6.2
4.0 9.0 13.1 16.1 21.5 18.6 14.7
6.5 13.0 19.4 23.4 22.5 22.1 15.5
2.8 <*1.6 <*2.8 <*3.5 <*2.3
2.7 5.0 <*1.1 <*.7 1.0
3.8
9.2
9.8 20.6 23.8 28.2 29.2 24.1 14.0
4.9
2.7
6.8
2.7
2.0
2.6
<* Decrease.
From this table it is seen that the group farm products in 1905 was
12.9 per cent higher than in 1890, 2.2 per cent higher than in 1891,
11.2 per cent higher than 1892,15.1 per cent higher than in 1893, 29.5
per cent higher than in 1894, 33.1 per cent higher than in 1895, 58.6 per
cent higher than in 1896,45.8 per cent higher than in 1897,29.2 per cent
higher than in 1898, 24.2 per cent higher than in 1899, 13.4 per cent
higher than in 1900,6.2 per cent higher than in 1901, 4.8 per cent lower
than in 1902, 4.5 per cent higher than in 1903, and 1.6 per cent lower
than in 1904.
The average for all commodities combined in 1905 was 2.7 per cent
higher than in 1890, 3.8 per cent higher than in 1891, 9.2 per cent
higher than 1892, 9.8 per cent higher than in 1893, 20.6 per cent higher
than 1894, 23.8 per cent higher than in 1895, 28.2 per cent higher than
in 1896, 29.2 percent higher than in 1897, 24.1 per cent higher than in
1898, 14 per cent higher than in 1899, 4.9 per cent higher than in 1900,
6.8 per cent higher than in 1901, 2.7 per cent higher than in 1902, 2 per
cent higher than in 1903, and 2.6 per cent higher than in 1904.
In the following table the December, 1905, relative price is com
pared with the average for 1890 to 1899. The average price for 1890
to 1899 is in every case the base, or 100 per cent. Only the com
modities for which the quotations throughout the 16-year period have
been for practically the same description of article are included in
this table. In using this table it must be borne in mind that the
comparison is between the prices for December, 1905, and the average
prices for the base period.
378
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
RELATIVE PRICES, DECEMBER, 1905, COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899.
[For a more detailed description of the articles see Table I, page 388 et seq.]
F arm prod u cts , 16 articles.
Rela
tive
price,
Dec.,
1905.
Article.
Article.
Rela
tive
price,
Dec.,
1905.
p r ic e in c r e a s e d —concluded.
PRICE INCREASED.
Cattle: steers, good to c h o ice .....................
Cattle: steers, choice to extra.....................
Hay: timothy, No. 1 ....................................
Barley: by sam ple.......................................
Hops: New York State, choice...................
Hogs: lig h t...................................................
Hogs: h ea v y .................................................
Oats: c a s h ....................................................
Wheat: contract grades, cash.....................
Corn: No. 2, cash .........................................
101.6
107.1
107.9
111.2
111.5
113.5
113.5
114.5
116.2
123.7
Rye: No. 2, cash..........................................
Sheep: western............................................
Sheep: n a tiv e..............................................
Cotton: upland, m iddling.........................
Hides: green, salted, packers, heavy na
tive steers...................... ..........................
126.2
141.2
149.2
156.4
168.3
PRICE DECREASED.
Flaxseed: No. 1 ..........................................
87.1
Foody etc.y 52 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
p r i c e in c r e a s e d — c o n c lu d e d .
Flour: wheat, winter straights...................
Bread: loaf (Washington m arket)............
Meat: hams, smoked...................................
T allow ............ ' ............................................
Starch: pure corn.........................................
Flour: wheat, spring patents.....................
Salt: A m erican............................................
Fruit: raisins, California, London layer..
Molasses: New Orleans, open kettle, prime
Butter: creamery, extra (New York mar
k et).............................................................
Flour: buckw heat.......................................
Butter: dairy, New York State...................
Butter: creamery, Elgin (Elgin m arket)..
Bread: loaf, Vienna (New York m arket).
Vinegar: cider, M onarch...........................
Meat: bacon, short clear sides...................
Fish: salmon, canned..................................
Meat: bacon, short rib sid es......................
Meat: beef, salt, hams, western.................
Vegetables, fresh: onions...........................
Fruit: apples, evaporated, choice..............
Meat: mutton, dressed................................
Bread: loaf, homemade (New York mar
ket) .............................................................
Meal: corn, fine w h ite................................
Lard: prime contract..................................
Vegetables, fresh: potatoes, Burbank.......
Meal: corn, fine y e llo w ...............................
100.1
100.6
102.4
104.8
104.9
106.3
106.5
106.6
107.9
109.1
112.0
112.7
112.9
113.6
115.0
115.3
115.4
117.2
117.5
117.7
118.1
118.6
118.6
119.2
120.8
122.6
122.9
Meat: beef, salt, extra m ess..............
Meat: pork, salt, mess, old to n e w ..
Flour: ry e............................................
Beans: medium, c h o ic e .....................
Bread: crackers, Boston X ...............
Milk: fresh..........................................
Cheese: New York State, full cream
Fish: cod, dry, bank, large...............
Fish: herring, shore, roun d..............
Spices: pepper, Singapore.................
Fruit: currants, in barrels.................
Eggs: new-laid, fancy, near-by.........
124.7
129.5
129.6
131.7
133.7
137.3
139.3
141.0
152.3
152.7
153.3
182.8
PRICE DECREASED.
Fruit: apples, sun-dried, southern, sliced.
Fish: mackerel, salt, large No. 3 s ............
Sugar: granulated.....................................
Meat: beef, fresh, native sides.................
Sugar: 96° centrifugal................................
Sugar: 89° fair refining...............................
Bread: crackers, soda.................................
Tea: Formosa, fin e......................................
Rice: domestic, c h oice...............................
Fruit: prunes, California, in b o x e s .........
Coffee: Rio No. 7 .........................................
Soda: bicarbonate of, A m erican..............
Spices: nutmegs..........................................
97.1
94.0
93.3
91.1
75.1
63.3
62.2
36.4
Cloths and clothing , 6 3 articles.
p r i c e in c r e a s e d — c o n t in u e d .
PRICE INCREASED.
Ginghams: Lancaster..................................
Underwear: shirts and drawers, white, all
wool, full-fashioned, 18-gauge...............
Linen shoe thread: 10s, Barbour...............
Boots and shoes: men’s vici kid shoes,
Goodyear w e lt...........................................
Boots and shoes: men’ s calf bal. shoes,
Goodyear welt, dongola top.....................
Ginghams: Am oskeag................................
Linen thread: 3-cord, 200-yard spools,
Barbour......................................................
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, Wamsutta <^°^>.
Leather: wax calf, 30 to 40 pounds to the
dozen, B g r a d e .........................................
Leather: sole, oak.........................................
Overcoatings: chinchilla, B-rough, all
w o o l...........................................................
Shirtings: bleached, 4r-4, Lonsdale............
Denims: Amoskeag......................................
100.3
100.4
102.1
102.2
103.1
103.2
103.7
105.5
107.0
110.0
113.5
114.9
Shirtings; bleached, 4-4, H ope.................
Shirtings:bleached,4-4, Fruitof theLoom.
Carpets: Brussels, 5-frame, Bigelow .........
Sheetings: brown, 4r-4, Atlantic A ............
Wool: Ohio, medium fleece (£ and f
grade), scoured.......................................
Carpets: Wilton, 5-frame, B igelow ..........
Carpets: ingrain, 2-plv, Lowell.................
Broadcloths: first quality, black, 54-inch,
made from X X X w o o l...........................
Cotton yams: carded, white, mule-spun,
northern, cones, 22/1.................................
Overcoatings: beaver, Moscow, all wool,
bla ck ..........................................................
Blankets: 11-4, 6 pounds to the pair, all
w ool...........................................................
Suitings: indigo blue, all wool, 16-ounce..
Cotton thread: 6-cord, 200-yard spools,
J. & P. Coats............................................
Flannels: white, 4-4, Ballard Vale No. 3..
114.9
115.1
116.1
115.
115.6
115.9
116.2
116.6
116.8
117.3
119.0
119.0
120.1
121.2
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905,
379
RELATIVE PRICES, DECEMBER, 1905, COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899—
Continued.
Cloths and clothing , 6 3 articles— Concluded.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
Article.
1 4 - o n n o e M i d d l e s e x s t a n d a r d ....................
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4, Atlantic..........
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Pepperell R ..........
Tickings: Amoskeag A. C. A ......................
Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Indian Head.........
Cotton yams: carded, white, mule-spun,
northern, cones, 10/1................................
Women’s dress goods: cashmere, cotton
warp, 27-inch, H am ilton.........................
Boots and shoes: men’s brogans, split___
Leather: sole, hemlock, nonacid, Buenos
Ayres, m iddle weights, first quality___
Blankets: 11-4, 6 pounds to the pair, cot
ton warp, all wool fillin g........................
Cotton flannels: 2£ yards to the pound___
Worsted yams: 2-40s, Australian fine.......
D r i l l i n g s : 3 0 - in c h , S t a r k A ..... ..................
Horse blankets: 6 pounds each, all w ool.
Drillings: brown, P epperell......................
Print cloths: 28-inch, 64x64........................
Worsted yarns: 2-40s, X X X or its equiva
lent in quality, white, in skeins ( a ) ___
Sheetings: bleached, 10-4, Pepperell
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
price increased—concluded.
price increased—continued.
Bags: 2-bushel, Amoskeag.........................
Cotton flannels: 3£ yards to the pound___
Boots and shoes: women’s solid grain
shoes, 1eathe^*, polish or p o lk a ................
Suitings: indigo blue, all wool, 54-inch,
Article.
121.5
121.7
122.3
122.4
122.5
122.5
122.5
123.8
124.4
124.9
126.3
Women’s dress goods: Franklin sackings,
6-4...............................................................
Wool: Ohio, fine fleece (X and X X grade),
scoured......................................................
Boots and shoes: men’s split boots, kip
top, 16-inch, £ double sole (ft).................
Women’ s dress goods: cashmere, all wool,
10-11 twill, 38-inch, Atlantic Mills J ___
Blankets: 11-4, 5 pounds to the pair, cot
ton warp, cotton and wool fillin g .........
Women’s dress goods: cashmere, cotton
warp, 9-twill, 4-4, Atlantic Mills F .......
133.7
133.7
134.6
134.9
141.5
141.8
PRICE DECREASED.
Shirtings: bleached, 4-4, New York Mills.
Calico: Cocheco prin ts...............................
126.4 Silk: raw, Japan, filatures..........................
Overcoatings: covert cloth, light weight,
staple g o o d s..............................................
126.4
127.6 Silk: raw, Italian, classical........................
127.7 Overcoatings: chinchilla, cotton warp,
128.4
C. C. grade.................................................
130.9 Sheetings: bleached, 10-4, Wamsutta S. T.
131.1 Hosiery: men’s cotton half hose, seamless,
131.1 ' standard quality, 84 needles...................
Hosiery: women’s cotton hose, seamless,
132.1
fast black, 26 to 28 ounce, 160 to 176
needles......................................................
132.7
99.7
99.5
97.2
96.9
96.0
92.2
91.6
89.2
84.2
F u el and lighting , 13 articles.
price increased—concluded.
PRICE INCREASED.
Candles: adamantine, 6s, 14-ounce..........
Coal: bituminous, Georges Creek (f. o. b.
New York H a rb o r)................................ .
Petroleum: refined, for export..................
Coal: bituminous, Pittsburg (Youghioghen y)........................................................
Coal: anthracite, b ro k e n ...........................
Coal: anthracite, s to v e ..............................
Coal: anthracite, chestnut.........................
Coal: anthracite, e g g ..................................
108.7
114.8
117,1
124.4
124.6
130.4
137.6
137.7
Petroleum: refined, 150° fire test, w. w ...
Coke: Connellsville, furnace.....................
Petroleum: cru d e .......................................
Coal: bituminous, Georges Creek (at
m in e )........................................................
146.1
170.8
173.6
180.0
PRICE DECREASED.
Matches: parlor, d om estic........................
85.4
M etals and im plem ents , 3 6 articles.
p r ic e in c r e a s e d — c o n c lu d e d .
PRICE SAME AS BASE.
Saws: crosscut, Disston...............................
Trowels: M. C. O., brick, 10£-inch............
100.0
100.0
PRICE INCREASED.
Vises: solid box, 50-lb................................
Steel rails......................................................
Planes: Bailey No. 5 ...................................
Bar iron: best refined, from store (Phila
delphia m arket).......................................
Steel billets................................................. .
Files: 8-inch mill bastard...........................
Lead pipe......................................................
Butts: loose joint, cast, 3x3 inch...............
Pig iron: foundry No. 1............................. .
Hammers: Maydole No. 1 £ ......................
Pig iron: Bessemer.....................................
Zinc: sh eet................................................. .
Copper wire: b a re .......................................
Axes: M. C. O., Y a n k e e .............................
106.1
107.4
115.7
119.5
120.8
123.1
126.6
126.6
128.3
129.0
133.2
134.2
134.9
137.7
138.6
139.2
Pig iron: gray forge, southern, c o k e .......
Spelter: western . . ....................................
Copper: ingot, lake.....................................
Bar iron: best refined, from mill (Pitts
burg m arket)............................................
Lead: p i g ....................................................
Locks: common mortise.............................
Tin: p ig ........................................................
Augers: extra, f-in c h ................................
Chisels: extra, socket firmer, 1-inch.........
Doorknobs: steel, bronze p la te d ..............
151.7
154.9
189.7
191.2
199.0
219.6
221.0
PRICE DECREASED.
Saws: hand, Disston No. 7..........................
Nails: cut, 8-penny, fence and com m on..
Quicksilver...................................................
Shovels: Ames No. 2....................................
Barb wire: galvanized...............................
Nails: wire, 8-penny, fence and common.
Silver: bar, fin e ..........................................
Wood screws: 1-inch, No. 10, flat h ea d . . .
From 1902 to 1905, designated as X X X X .
ft From 1903 to 1905, russet bound top, 17-inch, £ double sole.
a
139.8
142.7
145.9
98.5
98.3
96.9
95.0
87.9
87.5
69.9
380
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
RELATIVE PRICES, DECEMBER, 1905, COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899—
Concluded.
L u m ber and building m aterials, 2 4 articles.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
Article.
Article.
Rela
tive
price,
1905.
PRICE increased—concluded.
PRICE INCREASED.
Shingles: cypress.......................................
Lime: com m on...........................................
Maple: h a rd ...............................................
Window gla^s: American, single, thirds,
6x8 to 10x15 i n c h ....................................
Carbonate of lead: American, in o il.......
Oxide of zin c..............................................
Window glass: American, single, firsts,
6x8 to 10x15 i n c h ....................................
Oak: white, p la in .....................................
Pine: yellow ................................................
Oak: white, quartered...............................
Tar................................................................
P opla r..........................................................
Spruce ..........................................................
H em lock......................................................
101.0
110.4
117.0
117.5
118.9
122.0
129.2
129.6
146.2
149.0
149.4
153.0
183.8
167.2
Pine: white, boards, No. 2 barn................
Brick: common dom estic..........................
Pine: white, boards, uppers......................
Turpentine: spirits o f ................................
Resin: good, strained................................
178.3
179.8
183.7
194.4
225.7
PRICE DECREASED.
Cement: R osendale....................................
Linseed oil: r a w ...................... .................
Plate glass: polished, unsilvered, area 5
to 10 square feet.......................................
Plate glass: polished, unsilvered, area 3
to 5 square feet.........................................
Putty.............................................................
95.8
88.2
82.9
82.6
72.8
D ru gs and chem icalsy 9 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
PRICE DECREASED.
Alum: lu m p .................................................
Brimstone: crude, second s........................
Alcohol: grain, 94 per c e n t........................
Opium: natural, in cases...........................
Sulphuric acid: 66°.....................................
Muriatic acid: .20°.......................................
104.8
107.5
111.1
132.4
134.8
153.8
Glycerin: refined.........................................
Quinine: A m erican....................................
Alcohol: wood, refined, 95 per cent.........
84.0
77.2
73.4
H o u se fu rn ish in g goods, 1 4 articles.
PRICE DECREASED.
PRICE INCREASED.
Earthenware: plates, white granite.........
Earthenware: plates, cream-colored.........
Wooden ware: tubs, oak-grained..............
Furniture: tables, kitchen..........................
Furniture: chairs, kitchen..........................
Glassware: nappies, 4-in ch ........................
Furniture: bedroom sets, ash.....................
Furniture: chairs, bedroom, maple...........
Wooden ware: pails, oak-grainea. , ...........
102.4
106.6
107.6
108.1
1242
125.0
127.9
129.1
130.9
Table cutlery: knives and forks, cocobolo h a n d les............................................
Earthenware: teacups and saucers, white
granite......................................................
Table cutlery: carvers, stag handles.......
Glassware: pitchers, ^-gallon,com m on...
Glassware: tumblers, i-pint, com m on___
99.0
98.8
93.8
89.4
84.5
M iscellaneous, 1 2 articles.
PRICE INCREASED.
Proof spirits...................................................
Soap: castile, mottled, pure........................
Tobacco: smoking, granulated, Seal of
North C arolina.........................................
Tobacco: plug, Horseshoe..........................
Cotton-seed m e a l.........................................
Rope: m anila...............................................
Rubber: Para Island....................................
PRICE DECREASED.
113.1
114.2
117.9
123.7
130.2
133.8
150.5
Paper: wrapping, m an ila..........................
Cotton-seed oil: summer yellow, prim e..
Starch: laundry..........................................
Malt: western made...................................
Paper: news.................................................
94.9
94.4
93.4
88.9
75.3
O f the farm products group, 15 of the 16 articles were higher in
December, 1905, than the average price for 1890 to 1899, and 1 article
lower in December, 1905, than the average for 1890 to 1899.
The December, 1905, price, compared with the average price for
1890 to 1899, shows hides 68.3 per cent above; cotton, 56.4 per cent
381
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
above; native sheep, 49.2 per cent above; western sheep, 41.2 per
cent above; rye, 26.2 per cent above; corn, 23.7 per cent above, etc.
O f the food group, in December, 1905, eggs were 82.8 per cent above
the average price for 1890 to 1899; herring, 52.3 per cent above; milk,
37.3 per cent above, etc.
For the other groups of articles the reader is referred to the table.
The facts presented in the foregoing table are summarized in the
following, which shows the changes in prices of articles in each group,
classified by per cent of change:
CHANGES IN PRICES OF ARTICLES IN EACH GROUP, CLASSIFIED BY PER CENT OF
CHANGE, DECEMBER, 1905, COMPARED W PfH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899.
Group.
Price increased.
Price decreased.
Num
Price
ber
100 50 to
same Less
50 per
of
per
25 to 10 to Less
as than 10 to 25 to cent
arti cent 100 50 per 25 per than base.
25 per 50 per or
10
per
10
per
per
cles.
cent. cent. cent.
or
cent. cent. cent. more.
more. cent.
2
4
Farm p roducts.............................
Food, e t c . . . . . ...............................
Cloths and cloth in g .....................
Fuel and lighting........................
Metals and im plem ents..............
Lumber and building materials.
Drugs and chemicals...................
House furnishing goods..............
Miscellaneous...............................
16
52
68
13
36
24
9
14
12
2
1
T ota l....................................
239
3
7
18
28
4
4
5
1
1
4
3
10
9
1
2
1
2
4
2
1
3
7
17
4
13
5
2
4
2
23
57
72
32
2
3
5
7
1
3
3
1
3
2
1
2
3
2
2
2
26
18
7
7
5
1
2
1
1
1
1
5
1
It is seen in the above comparison of the prices of December, 1905,
with the average for 1890 to 1899, that of the 16 articles in the farm
products group, 15 show an increase and 1 shows a decrease; of the
52 in the food, etc., group, 39 show an increase and 13 a decrease; of
the 63 in the cloths and clothing group, 54 show an increase and 9 a
decrease; of the 13 in the fuel and lighting group, 12 show an increase
and 1 shows a decrease; of the 36 in the metals and implements group,
26 show an increase, 2 show the same price as the average for the base
period, and 8 show a decrease; of the 24 in the lumber and building
materials group, 19 show an increase and 5 a decrease; of the 9 in the
drugs and chemicals group, 6 show an increase and 3 a decrease; of
the 14 in the house furnishing goods group, 9 show an increase and 5
a decrease; of the 12 in the miscellaneous group, 7 show an increase
and 5 a decrease. O f the 239 commodities included in the above table,
187 show an increase, 2 show the same price as the average for the base
period, and 50 show a decrease.
The number of articles according to classified per cents of increase
and decrease is also shown in this table. O f the 187 commodities that
showed an increase in December, 1905, over the average for 1890 to
1899, 32 advanced less than 10 per cent, 72 advanced from 10 to 25
per cent, 57 advanced from 25 to 50 per cent, 23 advanced from 50 to
5929— No. 63—06----- i
382
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
100 per cent, and 3 advanced 100 per cent or more. O f the 50 com
modities which showed a decrease, 26 decreased less than 10 per cent,
18 decreased from 10 to 25 per cent, 5 decreased from 25 to 50 per
cent, and 1 decreased 50 per cent or more (68.6 per cent).
The number and per cent of articles which showed each specified
increase or decrease are given in the following table:
NUMBER AND PER CENT OF ARTICLES, BY CLASSIFIED PER CENT OF INCREASE OR
DECREASE, DECEMBER, 1905, COMPARED WITH AVERAGE PRICE FOR 1890-1899.
Number Per cent
of
of
articles. articles.
Price increased:
100 per cent or m ore.........
50 to 100 per ce n t..............
25 to 50 per ce n t...............
10 to 25 per c e n t...............
T.naa thou 16 nor nont
rpn^fl]
Price same as base...................
3
23
57
72
32
1.3
9.6
23.9
30.1
13.4
187
78.3
2
Number Per cent
of
1 of
i articles. articles.
Price decreased:
Less than 10 per c e n t ___
10 to 25 per c e n t ..............
25 to 50 per c e n t ..............
50 per cent or m o re .........
Tntfll
%
ftranH
VJlctliU IUUtl •••••• ••••••
.8
26
18
5
1
10.9
7.5
2.1
.4
50
20.9
239
100.0
O f the 239 articles included in this table, it is seen that 187, or 78.3
per cent, show an increase in price; 2 articles, or 0.8 per cent, show
the same price as the average for the base period, and 50 articles, or
20.9 per cent, show a decrease in price in December, 1905, as com
pared with the average price for the base period.
O f the 259 commodities considered in the Bureau’s compilation of
prices, the average price of 152 commodities was higher in December,
1905, than in December, 1904, the average price of 45 was the same
in December, 1905, as in December, 1904, and the average price of 62
was lower in December, 1905, than in December, 1904.
The following table shows the relative prices of certain related arti
cles, so grouped as to render easy a comparison of the course of their
prices during the year 1905:
RELATIVE PRICE3 OF CERTAIN GROUPS OF RELATED ARTICLES IN 1905.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Dairy products.
Cattle and cattle products.
Month.
Cattle.
Jan —
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
111.6
109.8
114.2
125.0
117.6
112.0
108.5
109.9
108.3
106.7
105.9
104.4
111.2
Beef,
fresh.
106.4
103.8
101.3
116.0
118.0
108.7
103.8
105.1
101.3
96.6
91.6
94.0
104.0
Beef,
hams.
125.8
125.8
125.1
123.0
120.2
120.2
120.6
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
117.5
121.6
Beef,
mess.
115.4
115.4
115.4
127.9
140.3
140.3
130.4
121.6
121.6
121.6
124.7
124.7
125.0
Tallow.
104.6
103.4
106.4
106.4
104.1
102.1
100.7
103.7
99.1
98.9
105.5
104.8
103.2
Hides.
147.3
144.0
138.7
139.9
143.5
143.2
150.8
162.8
162.1
163.7
167.1
168.3
152.6
Milk.
137.3
132.5
122.4
111.0
100.4
78.4
93.3
98.0
107.8
117.6
124.3
137.3
113.3
Butter.
132.2
146.8
127.7
138.6
107.9
93.7
94.1
97.6
96.3
101.6
109.4
111.6
112.8
Cheese.
121.1
131.1
138.7
141.8
117.0
95.0
99.4
112.0
120.7
123.1
139.3
139.3
122.8
383
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
RELATIVE PRICES OP CERTAIN GROUPS OF RELATED ARTICLES IN 1905—Continued.
Hogs and hog products.
Month.
Bacon.
Hogs.
J a n .......
F e b .......
M ar.......
A p r .......
May.......
Ju n e___
July . . . .
A u g.......
Sept.......
O c t .......
N ov.......
D e c .......
1905.......
105.9
111.7
117.8
123.8
121.6
122.7
129.3
137.9
127.3
120.0
109.9
113.5
120.2
Corn, etc.
Month.
J a n ___
F e b ....
M ar___
A p r ___
May___
J u n e. . .
July___
A u g ....
Sept___
Oct.......
N ov ___
D e c ___
1905....
94.9
98.6
99.8
105.5
109.2
111.9
111.2
114.6
112.5
107.5
107.8
102.4
106.3
103.3
108.0
109.4
113.5
114.4
118.9
124.5
136.5
134.7
127.9
118.5
116.3
119.0
Sheep and sheep products.
Mess
pork.
Hams,
smoked.
114.3
115.2
114.8
116.7
115.8
116.9
119.8
132.8
138.6
139.7
131.4
129.5
123.9
Flaxseed, etc.
Flax
Lin
seed. seed oil. Rye.
112.8
116.8
124.9
126.0
137.5
143.7
150.3
142.9
139.0
136.9
125.2
123.7
131.7
106.7
107.3
117.0
117.2
119.0
124.4
120.4
119.5
97.9
88.0
86.7
87.1
107.6
130.8
121.1
125.9
125.9
121.1
125.9
130.8
140.5
140.5
125.9
130.8
121.1
128.4
94.8
94.8
103.6
103.6
105.8
110.3
110.3
114.7
119.1
99.2
92.6
88.2
103.1
141.8
142.8
148.1
145.9
144.5
141.8
141.8
111.2
122.7
131.5
130.8
126.2
134.5
Mutton.
Sheep.
108.4
107.5
109.6
112.7
111. 2
110.6
111.8
122.3
121.3
115.9
115.1
120.8
113.9
Wool.
108.8
122.7
126.0
117.8
112.1
106.9
115.3
106.8
111.1
H2.7
112.7
118.6
113.9
132.3
138.4
141.7
135.3
124.9
123.4
129.3
128.1
121.4
130.5
130.0
145.2
131.5
Wheat and
wheat flour.
Rye and
rye flour.
Glu- Meal.
Com. cose.a
127.6
130.4
130.4
130.4
110.0
113.5
113.5
113.5
134.7
134.7
127.6
134.7
125.1
Lard.
126.2
124.7
123.2
123.2
126.7
131.7
130.2
130.2
130.2
128.2
128.2
124.7
127.3
Flour, etc.
Wheat Wheat Crack Loaf
Rye
flour. Wheat. flour. flour.
ers. bread.
141.7
140.9
140.2
140.2
134.9
135.7
128.9
135.7
128.1
128.1
131.9
129.6
134.7
157.8
158.3
153.6
146.5
134.6
144.4
138.4
120.2
113.0
116.9
116.8
116.2
134.5
138.1
138.2
135.4
130.2
125.7
127.5
127.6
120.2
111.0
105.1
104.0
103.2
122.2
138.1
138.2
135.4
130.2
125.7
127.5
127.5
120.2
111.0
105.1
104.0
103.2
122.2
104.7
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
112.1
112.1
112.1
113.8
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
Cotton and cotton goods.
Cotton:
Bags:
Month. upland,
Calico: Cotton Cotton
2-bushel, Cocheco
m id
Amosprints. flannels. thread.
dling.
keag.
J a n .......
F e b .......
M ar.......
A p r .......
May.......
J u n e___
July.......
A u g .......
Sept.......
Oct.........
N ov .......
D e c .......
1905.......
92.1
100.2
104.2
101.9
106.7
115.8
143.3
140.7
139.3
133.5
147.7
156.4
123.1
132.2
100.1
100.1
100.1
103.6
103.6
103.6
103.6
107.2
117.9
121.5
121.5
109.6
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
93.5
118.9
115.4
115.4
115.0
115.0
115.0
122.8
122.8
122.8
124.6
124.6
124.6
119.7
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
J a n .......
F e b .......
M ar.......
A p r .......
May.......
Ju n e. . . .
July.......
A u g .......
Sept.......
Oct.........
N o v .......
D e c .......
1905.......
Print
cloths.
Sheet
ings.
96.9
93.6
94.7
95.6
93.6
96.9
112.8
120.0
123.3
127.7
127.7
131.3
110.0
110.6
109.2
110.4
112.9
109.8
111.3
112.8
115.2
115.1
117.8
118.8
119.3
113.5
Shirt
ings.
97.6
96.8
95.0
95.0
95.9
97.8
100.4
106.4
107.0
107.0
107.0
109.7
101.2
T ick
ings.
99.0
89.5
89.5
89.5
89.5
89.5
108.4
108.4
108.4
113.1
117.8
122.5
102.1
100.8
98.0
98.0
98.0
96.5
98.0
106.5
110.6
112.1
110.9
117.8
120.6
105.7
105.4
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
100.6
100.6
110.2
110.2
110.2
110.2
114.9
103.7
Drill
ings.
Ging
hams.
Hosiery.
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
95.1
95.1
95.1
99.6
101.8
93.4
86.9
86.9
86.9
83.9
83.9
83.9
83.9
83.9
87.5
87.5
87.5
87.5
87.5
119.2
118.7
121.8
121.2
121.3
123.7
123.8
126.1
125.8
126.6
127.0
129.8
123.8
Wool and woolen goods.
Cotton and cotton goods.
Month.
Cotton Denims.
yarns.
Blankets Broad Carpets.
Wool. (all
wool). cloths.
126.2
124.7
123.2
123.2
126.7
131.7
130.2
130.2
130.2
128.2
128.2
124.7
127.3
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
a Average for 1893-1899=100.
112.9
112.9
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
115.2
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.7
115.7
115.7
Flan
Horse
nels. blankets.
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
121.2
121.2
118.4
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
384
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
RELATIVE PRICES OF CERTAIN GROUPS OF RELATED ARTICLES IN 1905—Concluded.
Hides, leather, and
boots and shoes.
Wool and woolen goods.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug...
S e p t...
O ct___
N ov...
Dec..>..
1 9 05....
Overcoat- Shawls.
ings(all
wool).
Suit
ings.
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
115.6
115.6
115.6
116.1
118.7
118.7
118.2
130.4
130.4
131.0
131.0
131.5
122.7
116.6
117.1
117.1
117.1
117.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
118.2
Under Women’s
Worst
Boots
wear
dress
ed
Hides. Leather. and
(all goods (all
yams.
shoes.
wool). wool).
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
122.6
125.5
127.8
128.7
128.7
131.0
131.0
131.0
131.0
131.0
134.3
134.3
129.7
121.2
121.2
121.2
122.5
123.5
123.5
123.5
126.0
127.0
128.7
128.7
129.9
124.7
147.3
144.0
138.7
139.9
143.5
143.2
150.8
162.8
162.1
163.7
167.1
168.3
152.6
109.9
109.9
109.9
109.9
111.1
112.4
113.3
113.4
113.3
112.6
112.2
117.3
112.1
102.8
102.8
103.2
103.2
104.8
104.8
106.3
107.9
108.9
111.4
115.0
117.7
107.4
Petroleum.
Crude.
164.8
152.7
152.7
149.4
141.7
139.5
139.5
139.5
139.5
165.9
165.9
173.6
152.1
Refin
ed.
128.0
126.1
126.1
125.3
123.8
123.4
123.4
123.4
123.4
131.6
132.4
131.6
126.6
A study of this table shows that of the 6 articles grouped under
cattle and cattle products, cattle, fresh beef, tallow, and hides were
lower in February than in January; beef hams and mess beef the same
price. March compared with February shows cattle and tallow higher,
fresh beef, beef hams, and hides lower, and mess beef the same price.
April compared with March shows cattle, fresh beef, mess beef, and
hides higher, beef hams lower, and tallow the same price. May com
pared with April shows cattle, hams, and tallow lower; fresh beef,
mess beef, and hides higher. June compared with May shows cattle,
fresh beef, tallow, and hides lower; hams and mess beef the same
price. July compared with June shows cattle, fresh beef, mess beef,
and tallow lower, and hams and hides higher. August compared with
July shows cattle, fresh beef, tallow, and hides higher, and hams and
mess beef lower. September compared with August shows cattle,
fresh beef, tallow, and hides lower, and hams and mess beef the same
price. October compared with September shows cattle, fresh beef,
and tallow lower, hams and mess beef the same price, and hides higher.
November compared with October shows cattle and fresh beef lower,
hams the same price, and mess beef, tallow, and hides higher. De
cember compared with November shows cattle, hams, and tallow lower,
fresh beef and hides higher, and mess beef the same price.
The lowest monthly relative price during 1905 for cattle was 104.4
in December, the highest 125 in April; the lowest for fresh beef was
91.6 in November, the highest 118 in M ay; the lowest for beef hams
was 117.5 in December, the highest 125.8 in January and February;
the lowest for mess beef was 115.4 in January, February, and March,
the highest 140.3 in May and June; the lowest for tallow was 98.9 in
October, the highest 106.4 in March and April; the lowest for hides
was 138.7 in March, the highest 168.3 in December. The facts for
the other groups may be seen by reference to the table.
385
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905,
In the following table a similar comparison of the course of prices
for the 16-year period, 1890 to 1905, is shown by years:
RELATIVE PRICES OF CERTAIN GROUPS OF RELATED ARTICLES, 1890 TO 1905.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Dairy products.
Cattle and cattle products.
Year.
Cattle.
Beef,
fresh.
80.4
85.8
80.6
98.6
101.5
95.9
88.1
125.1
118.8
125.6
114.2
112.6
118.0
117.2
123.6
121.6
89.2
106.2
98.8
105.4
97.0
102.7
90.5
99.7
101.3
108.3
104.3
102.1
125.9
101.7
106.1
104.0
89.5
109.2
95.4
103.0
96.3
103.7
88.3
99.5
102.2
113.2
111.3
116.6
139.5
105.8
110.9
111.2
1890...........
1891...........
1892...........
1893...........
1894...........
1895...........
1896...........
1897...........
1898............
1899...........
1900...........
1901...........
1902...........
1903...........
1904...........
1905...........
Beef,
mess.
Beef,.
hams.
Hides.
Tallow.
86.8
104.4
84.8
102.2
101.0
101.4
93.7
95.7
114.2
115.9
121.7
116.3
147.1
113.1
109.4
125.0
99.6
101.5
92.8
79.9
68.4
109.7
86.6
106.3
122.8
131.8
127.4
132.0
142.8
124.8
124.4
152.6
105.7
111.0
106.4
125.1
110.3
99.8
78.9
76.3
81.8
104.1
111.5
119.1
144.6
117.2
105.5
103.2
Hogs and hog products.
Year.
Hogs.
1890...........
1891...........
1892...........
1893...........
1894...........
1895...........
1896...........
1897...........
1898...........
1899...........
1900...........
1901...........
1902...........
1903...........
1904...........
1905...........
Hams,
Mess pork.
smoked.
Bacon.
89.3
103.7
116.6
154.7
111.8
96.3
73.1
79.9
89.4
85.8
111.5
132.3
159.3
142.6
115.1
119.0
89.2
99.2
115.7
148.6
112.2
96.6
78.3
82.8
85.6
91.8
115.5
134.5
155.2
137.2
116.7
120.2
Corn, etc.
101.1
99.8
109.3
126.9
103.6
96.2
95.8
90.9
82.0
93.8
104.2
109.2
^ 3 .1
129.2
108.9
106.3
Flaxseed, etc.
104.4
97.2
99.1
157.6
121.4
101.7
76.8
76.6
84.8
80.3
107.5
134.2
154.2
143.1
120.6
123.9
Milk.
Butter.
103.1
104.7
105.1
109.4
103.1
99.2
91.8
92.2
93.7
99.2
107.5
102.7
112.9
112.9
107.8
113.3
Cheese.
100.4
116.1
116.4
121.3
102.2
94.5
82.3
84.1
86.8
95.8
101.7
97.7
112.1
105.7
98.4
112.8
97.1
102.4
107.2
109.0
107.4
94.1
92.0
98.1
83.3
108.9
114.3
102.4
114.1
123.3
103.2
122.8
Sheep and sheep products.
Lard.
Sheep.
96.8
100.9
117.9
157.5
118.2
99.8
71.7
67.4
84.4
85.0
105.5
135.3
161.9
134.1
111.8
113.$
Rye and rye
flour.
119.3
117.8
125.2
103.8
73.6
78.4
78.7
94.2
104.9
104.3
112.0
92.0
103.2
98.4
109.1
131.5
Wheat and
wheat flour.
Mutton.
Wool.
123.7
114.9
121.2
106.5
80.2
82.2
82.9
96.6
98.0
94.3
96.4
89.5
97.9
98.7
103.2
113.9
132.1
125.8
113.2
101.6
79.1
70.1
70.6
88.7
108.3
110.8
117.7
96.6
100.8
110.3
115.5
127.3
Flour, etc.
Year.
Glu Meal.Com. cose.**
1 8 9 0 ....
1 8 9 1 ....
1 8 9 2 ....
1893 . . . .
1 8 9 4 ....
1 8 9 5 ....
1 8 9 6 ....
1 8 9 7 ....
1 8 9 8 ....
1 8 9 9 ....
1 9 0 0 ....
1 9 0 1 ....
1 9 0 2 ....
1 9 0 3 ....
1 9 0 4 ....
1 9 0 5 ....
103.8
151.0
118.3
104.2
113.7
104.0
67.8
66.9
82.6
87.6
100.2
130.6
156.9
121.1
132.6
131.7
124.3
111.4
100.2
81.7
86.0
91.8
95.6
104.9
116.0
153.6
129.7
126.3
125.1
100.8
142.0
114.0
105.8,
105.6
103.3
77.4
76.5
83.7
91.2
97.0
115.5
148.2
124.7
129.5
128.4
Flax Linseed Rye.
seed.
oil.
125.5
97.1
91.4
97.7
121.6
111.8
72.9
78.1
99.8
104.0
145.7
145.8
135.0
94.1
99.6
107.6
135.8
106.8
90.0
102.2
115.6
115.6
81.2
72.2
86.5
94.1
138.7
140.0
130.8
91.9
91.7
103.1
103.0
157.6
127.7
92.6
88.1
91.2
66.5
74.9
93.8
104.4
97.9
100.8
102.5
97.5
133.4
134.5
Rye
flour.
101.4
148.3
121.1
93.0
83.8
94.5
80.9
84.6
92.9
99.4
103.3
100.1
103.8
94.9
131.1
134.7
Wheat. Wheat Wheat Crack Loaf
flour.
flour.
ers.
bread.
118.9
128.1
104.9
90.1
74.4
79.9
85.4
105.8
117.8
94.7
93.7
95.7
98.7
105.1
138.3
134.5
a Average for 1893-1899=100.
120.9
125.6
104.2
89.3
77.6
84.4
91.2
110.1
109.0
87.9
88.3
87.4
89.7
97.1
125.4
122.3
120.9
125.6
104.2
89.3
77.6
84.4
91.2
110.1
109.0
87.9
88.3
87.4
89.7
97.1
125.4
122.3
107.7
107.7
104.3
100.6
98.8
95.6
94.1
85.3
107.3
99.1
102.7
108.2
108.2
101.3
103.4
113.8
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
98.7
94.5
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
106.0
110.9
386
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
RELATIVE PRICES OF CERTAIN GROUPS OF RELATED ARTICLES, 1890 TO 1905—Concluded,
Cotton and cotton goods.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Cotton:
Bags:
upland, 2-bushel, Calico: Cotton Cotton
Amos- Cocheco flannels. thread.
mid
prints.
dling.
keag.
142.9
110.8
99.0
107.2
90.2
94.0
102.0
92.2
76.9
84.7
123.8
111.1
115.1
144.7
155.9
123.1
113.9
111.7
110.8
106.8
91.1
82.2
91.6
92.9
95.6
103.4
112.6
101.0
102.4
104.2
128.4
109.6
117.5
104.0
117.5
113.0
99.5
94.9
94.9
90.4
81.4
87.3
94.9
90.4
90.4
91.1
95.7
93.5
121.8
121.8
115.9
101.4
95.7
91.7
93.9
88.6
81.0
88.0
101.6
95.4
96.1
106.8
125.6
119.7
Cotton Denims.
yarns.
101.6
100.7
100.7
100.7
100.7
100.7
99.6
98.4
98.4
98.4
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
111.7
112.8
117.0
110.5
93.0
92.1
93.0
90.6
90.8
88.5
115.5
98.3
94.0
112.9
119.5
105.7
Cotton and cotton goods.
Year.
1891..
1892..
1893..
1894..
1895..
1896..
1897..
1898..
1899..
1900..
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
1905..
Print
cloths.
Sheet
ings.
Shirt
ings.
117.7
.103.5
.119.3
.114.6
. 96.8
.100.9
. 90.9
. 87.6
. 72.6
. 96.3
.108.6
. 99.3
.108.9
.113.3
.117.3
.110.0
117.6
112.3
103.8
107.7
95.9
94.6
97.4
91.8
86.7
92.2
105.9
101.8
101.4
110.6
121.1
113.5
112.9
110.2
107.4
110.2
99.9
97.6
97.9
92.0
83.8
87.8
100.4
98.9
98.8
103.2
104.7
101.2
1890...
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Over
coat
ings (all Shawls.
Wool).
111.9
111.9
111.9
108.6
97.5
90.8
86.7
87.8
97.1
100.6
116.1
105.3
105.3
110.2
110.3
118.2
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
89.1
89.5
90.2
89.1
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
117.5
Suit
ings.
113.1
113.1
113.4
112.7
98.3
89.2
87.8
88.7
103.4
106.1
115.8
104.9
105.8
109.0
109.0
122.7
Ging
hams.
121.1
114.6
102.2
105.6
97.1
93.2
100.2
90.4
86.8
88.5
105.0
102.2
102.0
109.9
126.7
123.8
112.5
109.6
109.6
112.5
105.4
94.6
94.6
89.2
85.9
85.8
102.8
100.2
100.6
108.0
116.6
103.7
119.1
122.1
122.1
114.9
89.5
87.0
88.0
84.283.1
89.7
96.3
92.3
99.2
101,8
99.9
93.4
Ho
siery.
129.7
122.8
117.4
109.4
100.8
94.4
90.5
86.7
83.4
82.5
87.3
85.9
85.2
90.1
89.2
87.5
Wool and woolen goods.
Tick
ings.
Wool.
132.1
125.8
113.2
101.6
79.1
70.1
70.6
88.7
108.3
110.8
117.7
96.6
100.8
110.3
115.5
127.3
113.1
110.7
108.4
111.3
102.2
94.8
96.0
91.9
84.3
87.0
102.2
95.5
99.0
104.1
114.3
102.1
Blan
kets (all
wool).
Broad
cloths.
108.3
106.0
107.1
107.1
101.2
89.3
89.3
89.3
107.1
95.2
107.1
101.2
101.2
110.1
110.1
119.0
Carpets.
113.7
113.7
113.7
113.7
91.2
79.7
79.7
98.2
98.2
98.2
108.0
110.3
110.3
110.3
110.5
115.2
105.3
112.8
104.5
104.5
98.7
91.0
90.2
93.5
100.2
99.4
102.7
101.9
102.5
108.6
110.0
115.7
Hides, leather, and boots
and shoes.
Wool and woolen goods.
Year.
Drill
ings.
Flan
nels.
116.8
116.8
115.9
109.5
94.1
81.7
85.4
82.6
97.8
99.5
108.7
100.8
105.8
114.3
117.6
118.4
117.6
123.0
124.1
114.7
90.6
82.7
74.1
82.2
88.5
102.7
118.7
107.9
109.8
114.4
115.6
129.7
122.3
123.4
117.2
109.5
91.3
74.0
72.9
82.5
100.5
106.7
118.4
102.2
111.7
118.0
116.5
124.7
99.6
101.5
92.8
79.9
68.4
109.7
86.6
106.3
122.8
131.8
127.4
132.0
142.8
124.8
124.4
152.6
100.6
100.9
97.0
96.9
91.5
108.0
95.2
96.1
104.4
109.3
113.2
110.8
112.7
112.0
108.5
112.1
104.8
103.5
102.7
100.9
99.4
98.7
99.6
97.2
96.3
96.8
99.4
99.2
98.9
100.2
101.1
107.4
109.1
104.7
109.1
104.7
96.0
92.5
90.8
99.5
99.5
94.2
118.7
109.9
109.9
117.8
122.2
130.9
Petroleum.
Under Women’s
Worst
Boots
wear
dress
ed
Hides. Leather. and Crude.
(all goods (all yarns.
shoes.
wool). wool).
106.2
110.0
110.0
110.0
92.7
92.7
92.7
92.7
92.7
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
Horse
blan
kets.
95.4
73.6
61.1
70.3
92.2
149.2
129.5
86.5
100.2
142.1
148.5
132.9
135.9
174.5
178.8
152.1
Re
filled.
112.4
102.2
91.5
81.0
80.5
106.6
112.5
96.6
99.5
118.0
132.6
119.3
118.8
142.8
140.5
126.6
This table shows for all of the 6 articles grouped under cattle and
cattle products (cattle, fresh beef, beef hams, mess beef, tallow, and
hides) an advance in price in 1891, but not in the same degree; in
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
387
1892, a decline in all of the articles in this group; in 1893, an increase,
except for hides, for which there was a further decline; in 1894, a
decline, except for beef hams, which increased; in 1895, an increase,
except for beef hams and tallow; in 1896, a decline in all of the articles;
in 1897, an increase, except for tallow; in 1898, an increase for all of
the articles, except beef hams; in 1899, an increase for all; in 1900, a
decline, except for mess beef and tallow; in 1901, an increase for cattle,
tallow, and hides, and a decline for fresh beef, beef hams, and mess
beef; in 1902, an increase for all; in 1903, a decrease for all; in 1904,
an increase for cattle, fresh beef, and hams, and a decrease for mess
beef, tallow, and hides, and in 1905 an increase for cattle, mess beef,
and hides, and a decrease for fresh beef, beef hams, and tallow.
For the 16 years from 1890 to 1905 the lowest relative price for
cattle was 88.3 in 1896, the highest 139.5 in 1902; the lowest for fresh
beef 89.2 in 1890, the highest 125.9 in 1902; the lowest for beef
hams 80.4 in 1890, the highest 125.6 in 1899; the lowest for mess beef
84.8 in 1892, the highest 147.1 in 1902; the lowest for tallow 76.3 in
1897, the highest 144.6 . in 1902; the lowest for hides 68.4 in 1894, the
highest 152.6 in 1905. The facts for the other groups may be seen
by reference to the table.
General Tables T, II, III, IV , and V follow.
388
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OP LABOR,
T ab le I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1906.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 339 to 352.]
FAR M PRODUCTS.
BARLEY: Choice to fancy malting, by sample.
[Price per bushel in Chicago, weekly range; quotations furnished by the secretary of the Chicago
Board of Trade.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar.......
Month.
Price.
$0.45-80.50
.45- .49
.45- .49
.47- .49
.45- .48
.45- .46*
.46- .48
.45- .47
.46- .48
.46- .48
.47- .48
.46- .48
.46- .48
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
Price.
80.46-80.48
.46- .49y
.47- .49*
.47- .49
.47- .49
.47- .50
.48- .50
.49- .50
.49- .50
.49- .50
.49- .50
.48- .50
.48- .50
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
80.49-80.51
.49- .52
.49- .52
.45- .50
.45- .46
.43- .47
.43- .47
.45- .50
.45- .51
.46- .52
.47- .52
.47- .52
.47- .52
Month.
Price.
O c t___
80.47-80.52
.45- .53
.45- .52
.46- .53
.48- .55
.48- .55
.48- .55
.44- .55
.46- .55
.46- .55
.47- .53
.46- .55
.47- .54
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
80. 4850
CATTXE: Steers, choice to fancy.
[Price per hundred pounds in Chicago on Wednesday of each week; quotations from Goodall’s
Farmer.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
M a r ___
85.75-86.00
5.85- 6.35
5.90- 6.25
5.70- 6.30
5.60- 6.25
6.60- 6.25
5.80- 6.25
5.50- 6.25
5.605.755.955.756.00-
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.25
6.30
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
86.30-86.75
6.55- 7.00
6.35- 6.75
6.20- 6.75
6.05- 6.80
6.15- 6.85
5.75- 6.50
5.65- 6.40
5.90—6.35
5.75- 6.25
5.80- 6.20
5.45- 6.00
5.75- 6.25
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
85.70-86.10
5.50- 6.10
5.35- 5.80
5.45- 5.90
5.40- 5.90
5.35- 5.85
5.60- 6.00
5.75- 6.30
5.75- 6.50
5.65- 6.50
5.50-6.35
5.40- 6.40
5.25- 6.00
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
Average
85.45-86.35
5.30- 6.35
5.30- 6.40
5.15- 6.40
5.25- 6.30
5.05- 6.40
5.15- 6.45
5.30- 6.60
5.30- 6.75
6.45- 6.45
5.20- 6.00
5.20- 6.15
5.15- 6.00
85.9678
CATTLE: Steers, good to choice.
[Price per hundred pounds in Chicago on Wednesday of each w eek ; quotations from Goodall’s
Farmer.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
84.85-85.70
4.90- 5.60
4.85- 5.60
4.75- 5.50
4.65- 5.50
4.70- 5.50
4.80- 5.75
4.60- 6.40
4.656.005.355.255.50-
5.50
5.70
5.90
5.70
5.90
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
85.80-86.25
5.85- 6.50
5.60- 6.30
5.50- 6.15
6.50- 6.00
5.55- 6.10
5.25- 5.70
5.05- 5.60
5.25- 5.80
5.10- 5.70
5.05- 5.65
4.90- 5.40
5.10- 5.70
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
85.05-85.65
4.90- 5.45
4.75- 5.30
4.85- 5.40
4.80- 5.35
4.80- 5.30
4.85- 5.55
5.00- 5.70
5.00- 5.70
4.85- 5.60
4.65- 5.40
4.55- 5.35
4.55- 5.20
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
Average
84.75-85.40
4.60- 5.25
4.50- 5.20
4.45- 5.10
4 .5 0 5.20
4.40- 5.00
4.46- 5.10
4.50- 5.25
4.50- 5.25
4.60- 5.40
4.35- 5.10
4.40- 5.15
4.40- 5.10
85.2192
389
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I , — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F A R M P R O D U C T S — Continued.
CORN: No* 2, cash.
[Price per bushel in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the secretary of the
Chicago Board of Trade.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$0.42*
.43
.43*
.42|
.43
.43*
.44*
.44*
.45*
.46*
.48*
.47*
.47*
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Apr___
$0.48*
.49
.47*
.46*
J u ly ...
$0.56*-$0.57
.57*- .57*
.57*
.57 - .57*
O c t ....
M a y ...
.49*
.48*
.53
.57
.56
.53*
.54*
.55*
.56
Aug . . .
.54*- .55
.55
.54*
.54*
.53
.52*- .53
.53*- .53*
.52*
.52*
Nov . . .
Ju n e...
$0.56*.51*.52*.55*.55*-
.54 -
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.52*
$0.53 - .53*
.50*- .51*
.51*- .52*
51*- .52
.50
.49
.46
.45*
.47*
.46
.49*
.46
D ec___
.49 .4 5 Average
$0.5010
COTTON: Upland, middling*
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.0710
.0715
.0725
.0700
.0725
.0780
.0770
.0800
.0760
.0785
.0820
.0825
.0805
Apr___
$0.0815
.0805
.0785
.0760
J u ly . . .
$0.1110
.1100
.1100
.1140
O c t ....
M ay . . .
.0790
.0805
.0820
.0855
.0870
.0840
.0890
.0915
.0950
A u g...
.1085
.1085
.1060
.1105
.1125
.1075
.1065
.1075
.1110
Nov . . .
Ju n e...
S ept. . .
$0.1035
.1020
.0985
.1065
.1075
.1160
.1130
.1115
.1180
D ec___
.1235
.1180
.1210
.1230
Average
$0.09553
FLAXSEED: No. 1*
[Price per bushel in Chicago on the first of each month; quotations furnished by the secretary o f the
Chicago Board of Trade.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.15-$1.22*
1.16- 1.23
1.25- 1.35*
Apr___
M ay . . .
J u n e...
$1.24-$l. 37
1.25- 1.40
1.30- 1.47
Ju ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.25-$l. 43
1.31- 1.35
1.06- 1.12
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.95-$1.01
.93- 1.00
.94- 1.00
Average
$1.1979
H A Y : Timothy, No* 1*
[Price per ton in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Inter Ocean.]
$10.50-$ll. 00
10.50- 11.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
Apr___
11.00- 12.00
11.00-12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 11.50
June ..
M ay . . .
$11.00-$i 2.00
ll.OOr 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.0011.0011.0011.0011.0010.5010.5010.5010.50-
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
11.50
11.50
11.00
11.00
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$10.00-$10.50
10.50- 11.00
10.50- 11.00
11.00- 12.00
11.0011.0011.0011.0012.0012.0010.5010.0010.00-
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.50
12.50
11.50
10.60
10.50
O ct----
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
$10.00-$10.50
10.50- 11.00
10.50- 11.60
11.00- 11.50
11.00- 11.50
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.00- 12.00
11.0011.0011.0010.50-
12.00
12.00
11.50
11.00
$11.2596
390
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I* — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F A R M P R O D U C T S — Continued.
HIDES: Green, salted, packers, heavy native steers*
[Average m onthly price per pound in Chicago; quotations from the Shoe and Leather Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
F eb.......
Mar . . . .
Price.
$0.1380
.1349
.1300
Month.
Price.
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
SO. 1311
.1345
.1342
Month.
J u ly . . .
Aug . ..
Sept.. .
Month.
Price.
SO.1413
:i525
.1519
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
SO.1534
.1506
.1577
Average
SO. 1430
HOGS: Heavy*
[Price per hundred pounds in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Inter
Ocean.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
S4.50-S4.75
4.65- 4.85
4.50^4.75
4.70- 4.874
4.70- 4.90
4.85- 5.024
4.95- 5.10
4.80- 5.00
4.95- 5.124
5.004.855.355.30-
5.224
5.124
5.50
5.474
Apr----
M ay. . .
J u n e...
S5.35 -S5.524
5.55 - 5.674
5.474- 5.60
5.424- 5.60
5.20 5.3745.35 5.4245.30 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.50 -
5.374
5.50
5.474
5.474
5.374
5.45
5.40
5.40
5.65
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
85.35-85.60
5.45- 5.70
5.65- 6.024
5.40- 6.00
5.555.655.855.756.755.405.205.305.10-
6.10
6.20
6.30
6.25
6.30
6.05
5.90
5 80
5.70
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
S5.00-S5.724
4.95- 5.65
4.95- 5.55
4.85- 5.50
4.70- 5.25
4.70- 6.15
4.60- 5.00
4.65- 4.924
4.65- 4.974
4.754.754.905.10-
5.05
5.00
6.15
6.35
85.2913
HOGS: Light*
[Price per hundred pounds in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Inter
Ocean.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
84.40-84.70
4.55- 4.824
4.40- 4.60
4.60- 4.824
4.60- 4.85
4.70- 4.924
4.85- 5.10
4.70- 4.95
4.80- 5.074
4.85^
4.705.255.25-
5.1.74
5.024
5.45
5.324
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
85.25
5.40
5.35
5.30
-85.374
- 5.65
- 5.524
- 5.45
5.05 5.20 5.35 5.45 5.35 5.3745.3745.30 5.45 -
5.30
5.45
5.45
5.50
5.45
5.45
5.424
5.40
5.624
J u ly ...
A u g...
S e p t...
S5.45-S5.60
5.60- 5.75
5.90- 6.05
6.80- 6.05
6.006.156.206.156.155.805.555.505.35-
6.15
6.30
6.85
6.30
6.30
6.05
5.85
5.75
5.65
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec—
Average
S5.5Q-S5.70
5.40- 5.60
5.25- 5.474
5.25- 5.45
4.95- 5.25
4.90- 5.16
4.70- 4.974
4.65- 4.924
4.70- 4.974
4.854.804.905.10-
5.024
4.974
5.15
6.35
85.3213
HOPS: New York State, choice*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.35-60.37
.3 4r- .36
. 30r .31
Apr..
M ay.
June.
S0.27-S0.29
.27- .29
.27- .29
July
Aug
Sept
S0.26-S0.27
.25- .26
.22- .23
O ct.
Nov
Dec.
Average
SO. 20 -$0.21
.1 9 - .22
.18*- .21
SO. 2673
391
OOUBSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F A R M P R O D U C T S —Continued.
OATS: Contract grades, cash.
[Price per bushel in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the secretary of the
Chicago Board of Trade.]
Month.
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Jan.......
$0.29$
.30
. 30s
.30|
.30|
30$0.30$- ‘.31?
.30$
.30$
Apr___
$0.30$
.30$
$0.30$- .31$
.29$- .29$
J u ly ...
$0.32$-$0.34
.33$
.31$
.31$
O c t ....
M ay. . .
.28$- .29$
.29$
.31$
.30$- .30$
. 30$- . 32
.31$- .32$
.30$- .31$
.31$
.32$- .33
Aug . . .
.27$
.28
.27
.26$
.25$
.25
.26$
.27$
.27$
Nov . . .
Feb.......
M a r ___
J u n e...
.31$
.32
.31
.29$
.26$.26$.25$.25$-
S e p t...
Dec—
Average
Price.
$0.27$-$0.28$
.28$
.28$
.29$
.30$
.30$
.29$
.29$
.29$
.30$
.30$
.31
.30$- .31
$0.2990
RITE: No. 2, cash.
[Price per bushel in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the secretary of the
Chicago Board of Trade.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.75
.75
$0.74$- .75
.75 - .75$
.75
.75
.75
.7 5 - .77
.7 5 - .77
Apr___
.78$- .78$
.78 - .78$
.78$
.78 - .78$
June ..
M ay. . .
$0.78-$0.78$
.78- .78$
.78
.74
J u ly ...
.73$
.73
.78
.78
.84
.75
Aug . . .
.72.77.77.78-
O ct----
(«)
(a)
(«)
(a)
Sept. . .
(«)
(«)
(«)
$0.59 -$0.60
.58 - .59$
.57$- .58$
.57$
.60
.60
.62
.69
.68$
Nov . . .
$0.67$-$0.68
.68$
.68$- .69
.69$- .70
.73
.72
.71
.6 6 - .67
.67 - .67$
Dec---.6 5 Average
.67$
.67
.67
.66
$0.7113
SHEEP: Native.
[Price per hundred pounds in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Inter
Ocean.]
$4.25-$5.25
4.00- 5.65
5.00- 5.60
4.15- 5.65
3.75- 5.60
4.25- 5.75
4.50- 5.85
5.25- 6.15
4.50- 5.90
5.603.755.505.00-
6.00
5.40
5.75
6.30
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$4.75~$6.25
4.60- 6.10
5.00- 5.75
4.00- 5.25
4.254.505.504.504.004.404.504.004.25-
5.10
5.10
5.65
4.85
4.90
4.65
5.25
5.25
6.25
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
$4.25-$5.25
5.40- 5.50
4.75- 5.00
4.50- 4.75
4.404.404.254.755.004.604.004.254.50-
5.25
4.85
5.25
5.00
5.50
5.10
6.10
4.85
5.10
O ct----
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
« No quotation for week.
$4.25-$5.00
4.25- 5.25
4.50- 5.40
4.75- 5.75
5.00- 6.15
5.00- 6.00
5.25- 5.60
4.25- 6.25
4.75- 5.75
5.655.255.005.25-
5.90
6.05
5.65
6.10
$5.0529
392
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
Table I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F A R M P R O D U C T S —Concluded.
SHEEP: Western.
[Price per hundred pounds in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Inter
Ocean.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar .....
Month.
Price.
A p r ....
$4.25-86.50
5.00- 5.65
4.85- 5.60
4.85- 5.65
5.15- 5.65
4.50- 5.75
4.75- 5.85
5.00- 6.25
5.00- 6.10
5.605.754.505.00-
M a y ...
6.00
5.90
5.00
6.£0
June ..
Month.
Price.
84.75-86.25
4.60- 6.10
5.00- 5.75
4.00- 6.25
4.254.505.154.504.254.404.504.604.25-
5.10
5.10
5.25
4.85
4.90
4.65
5.25
4.75
5.10
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
Price.
84.00-85.60
5.50- 5.75
4.75- 5.00
4.60- 5.10
4.654.505.254.905.104.754.558.504.35-
4.75
4.90
5.40
6.25
5.40
5.75
4.90
4.85
4.70
Month.
Price.
O ct----
84.00-85.00
4.00- 5.25
4.75- 5.40
5.15- 5.65
5.05- 6.00
3.50- 5.85
4.50- 5.50
4.65- 5.00
3.60- 5.60
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
5.255.405.005.40-
5.85
6.05
5.70
6.00
85.0798
W H E A T: Regular grade, casli.
[Price per bushel in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the secretary of the
Chicago Board of Trade.]
J a n ..:..
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
81.15f-81.20
1.18*- 1.21
1.17 - 1.18$
1.16*- 1.18*
1.181- 1.21
1.18*- 1.20
1.19 - 1.21
1.181- 1.22
1.13*- 1.19
1.1411.14*1.15 1. I l f -
M ay. . .
1.18
1.16*
1.17f
1.14*
June ..
81.14 -81.181
1.13*- 1.16
1.14*- 1.16*
.9 2 - .95
.90*.92 .97*1.05 1.05 1.02 .98 1.03 1.04 -
.97*
.99
1.05
1.11
1.08*
1.13*
1.12
1.16
1.19*
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
80.95 -81.19
.92*- 1.18
.87 - 1.15
.90 - 1.15
.83*.83*.80*.791.78*.79*.82*.83*.84*-
1.15
1.15
.80*
1.07
.79*
.80
.90
.90
.90
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
80.83*-80.88
.84*- .89
.85*- .90
.8 7 - .90
.88*- . 92
.88*- .92
.86*- .89
.83*- .88*
.8 5 - .88
.8 6 .87*-'
.86 .82*-
.90
.89*
.88*
.88
$1.0104
FO OD , ETC.
BEANS: Medium, choice.
[Price per bushel in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Ja n .......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$1.85
2.10
$2.30- 2.32*
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
Price.
$2.20-$2.25
2.10
2.10
Month.
Price.
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$2.17*-$2.22*
2.22*- 2.25
2.22*- 2.25
O ct---Nov . . .
D ec___
$2.22*-$2.25
2.00
2.20
Average
$2.15
Price.
B R E A D : Crackers, Roston, butter, in boxes.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.08
.09
.09
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
$0.09
.09
.09
J u ly .- .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.09
.09
.09
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.09
.09
.09
Average
$0.0892
COURSE OP WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
393
T ab le I __ W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D , E T C .— Continued.
B R E A D : Crackers, soda, N. B. €., in boxes.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants* Review.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$0.06*
.07
.07
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
Month.
Price.
$0.07
.07
.07
Month.
Price.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.07
.07
.07
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.06*
.06*
.06*
Average
$0.0683
BREAD: Loaf, 1 pound after baking.
[Price per loaf in Washington, D. C., on the first of each month. Weight before baking, 18 ounces.
Price per pound (before baking), January to December, $0.0356.J
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.04
.04
.04
Apr---M ay. . .
J u n e...
$0.04
.04
.04
J u ly ...
A u g ....
Sept. . .
$0.04
.04
.04
O c t. . . .
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.04
.04
.04
Average
$0.04
BREAD: Loaf, homemade.
[Price per loaf in New York on the first of each month. Weight before baking, 17 ounces. Price per
pound (before baking), January to December, $0.0376. Standard weight and standard prices
charged by the Bakers’ Association, which includes leading large bread manufacturers in New
York, Brooklyn, and one or two in New Jersey who deliver bread in Manhattan.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.04
.04
.04
Apr___
M a y ...
Ju ne...
$0.04
.04
.04
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.04
.04
.04
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.04
.04
.04
Average
$0.04
BREAD: Loaf, Vienna.
[Price per loaf in New York on the first of each month. Weight before baking, 16 ounces. Price per
pound (before baking), January to December, $0.04. Standard weight and standard prices charged
by the Bakers* Association, which includes leading large bread manufacturers in New York,
Brooklyn, and one or two in New Jersey who deliver bread in Manhattan.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.04
.04
.04
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
$0.04
.04
.04
$0.04
.04
.04
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.04
.04
.04
Average
$0.04
BU TTER: Creamery, Elgin.
[Price per pound in Elgin, HI., on Monday of each week; quotations furnished by D. W. Willson,
editor of the Elgin Dairy Report.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
M a r ___
$0.28
.29
.29*
.29*
.29
.31
.32
.34
.33
.30
.25
.26
.29
A p r ....
$0.27
.29
.31*
.29
J u ly . . .
M ay . . .
.25
.24*
.22
.21
.21
.20*
.19*
.20
.20
Aug . . .
June ..
Sept. . .
$0.20
.20
.20
.20
.20
.21
.20*
.21
.21
.21
.21
.21
.20*
O ct___
Nov . . .
$0.21
.21
.22
.22*
.22*
.23
.23*
.23*
.24
D e c ....
.24
.24*
.24*
.25
Average
$0.2429
394
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D , E T C .— Continued.
B U T T E R : C r e a m e r y , e x tr a .
Price.
Month.
Jan.......
$0.28 -$0,281
.29 - .291
.30 - .301
.29 - .291
.291- .30
.3 1 - .311
.32 - .821
.35 - .351
.32 - .321
Apr___
Feb.......
June ..
l«
SSSiS
11 1
%% 8
Mar . . . .
M ay...
Month.
Price.
Month.
-$0,281
- ,32
- .331
- .301
J u ly . . .
$0.20!-$0.20!
.201- .21
.201- .21
.201- .21
O c t ....
Aug . . .
Price.
$0.28
.31
.33
.30
tttt
Month.
88S8 8888
rm
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 3 8»|H
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
S ept. . .
.211.21 .201.211.211.201.21 .21f.201-
.211
.211
.21
.22
.211
.21
.211
-211
-201
Nov . . .
Price.
$0.21i-$0.211
.211- *211
.22 - .221
.23 - .231
.23 - .231
.23 - .231
.24
.24 - .241
.24
.24
.24
.24
.25
Dec___
-
.241
.241
.241
.251
$0.2489
Average
B U T T E R : D a ir y , N e w York: S ta te , tu b s a n d b a it 't u b s , e x tr a .
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week, quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.26
$0,261- .27
.28
.27 - .28
.25 - .26
.26 - .28
.28 - .29
.31 - .32
.30
.27
.23
.24
.28
-
.28
.24
.26
.29
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
$0.27
$0 .29- .30
.31 - .32
.281- .29
.25
.26
.21 - .211
.211- .22
.21
.20 - .201
.19
.191- .20
.191- .20
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.19i-$0.20
.191- .20
.191- .20
.191- .20
.201-
21
.201
.20
.201- .21
.201
.20
.20 - .201
.201
.191
Oct —
Nov . . .
$0,201
.201
.21
.22
.22
.22
$0,221- .23
.23
.24
D ec___
Average
.221- .23
.221- .23
.221- .23
.23
$0.2339
C H E E S E : N e w Y o r k , f u l l e r e a m , la r g e , c o lo r e d , b est g r a d e s.
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week, quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
M a r ___
$0,111
.12
.12
.12
.12
.121
.121
.131
.131
A pr___
.131
.131
.131
.131
J u n e...
M ay...
$0.14
.14
.14
.14
.14
.14
$0,101- .11
.091- .10
.091
.09
.091
.091
.091
J u ly ...
$0,091
.091
.091
.101
O c t ....
Aug . . .
.11
•111
.101
.101
.12
.12
.12
$0,111- .12
•111
Nov . . .
S ept. . .
$0,111
•111
.111
.121
.131
.131
.131
.131
.131
D ec___
.131
.131
.131
.131
Average
$0.1212
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
395
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D . E T C . —Continued.
C O F F E E : R i o No. 7 , R r a z i l g r a d e s.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$0.08H$0.09£ Apr___
.08$- .08| M ay. . .
.07$- .08 Ju n e...
Month.
Price.
80.07$ J u ly . . .
80.07|- .08 Aug . . .
. 07f— . 08 Sept. . .
Price.
Month.
Price.
80.07$-80.07| O c t ....
.08$- .08$ Nov . . .
.08|- .09 Dec___
80.08$-80.08f
.08$- .08$
.08$- .08$
Average
80.0832
E G O S : N e w -la id , fa n c y , n e a r -b y .
[Price per dozen in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
80.32-80.38
.34- .40
.34- .40
.28- .32
.31- .34
.34- .38
.34- .37
.31- .34
.32- .33
.28.19.18.18-
A pr___
M a y ...
.30 June ..
.20
.19
.19$
80.18$-80.20
.19 - .21
.19 - .21
.19 - .21
J u ly ...
.21
.21
.21
.21
.20
.21
.21
.21
.21
Aug . . .
.19
.19
.19
.19
.19
.19
.19
.19
.19
-
80.19$-80.22
.21 - .23
.21 - .24
.22 - .25
S ept. . .
.22
.23
.23
.25
.24
.24
.24
.25
.26
-
.25
.26
.27
.28
.27
.27
.27
.28
.30
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
Average
80.26-80.30
.26- .30
.27- .32
.30- .35
.30- .35
.32- .37
.32- .38
.35- .40
.35- .40
.35.34.33.33-
.40
.38
.36
.38
80.2712
F I S H : C o d , d r y , b a n k , la rg e*
[Price per quintal in Boston on the first of each month; quotations from the Boston Herald.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
87.00-87.50
7.00- 7.50
7.00- 7.50
A pr___
M ay...
J u n e...
87.00-87.50
7.00- 7.60
7.00- 7.50
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept.. .
87.00-87.50
7.00- 7.50
7.00- 7.50
O c t---Nov . . .
Dec___
87.50-88.00
7.75- 8.00
7.75- 8.00
Average
$$7.3958
F I S H : H e r r in g , s b o r e , r o u n d , la r g e .
[Price per barrel in Boston on the first of each month; quotations from the Boston Herald.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
86.00-87.00
6.50-7.00
5.00- 6.00
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
(«)
M
(«)
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
(«)
(a)
86.00
O ct. . . .
Nov . . .
D ec___
85.50-86.00
5.50- 6.00
5.50- 6.00
Average
86.00
F I S H : M a c k e r e l, s a lt , la r g e No* 3s*
[Price per barrel in Boston on the first of each month; quotations are for sale by the wholesaler to
the retailer.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
816.00
15.00
15.00
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
814.50
14.00
14.00
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
a No quotation for month.
812.50
13.00
13.00
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
813.50
13.00
13.50
Average
813.9167
396
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OP LABOR.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F O O D H , B T C .— Continued.
F I S H : S a lm o n , c a n n e d , C o lu m b ia R iv e r , 1 -p o u n d t a ils .
[Price per dozen cans in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal
of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Price.
Month.
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
*1.70-11.76
1.70- 1.75
1.65- 1.75
Price.
*1.65-*l. 75
1.65- 1.75
1.65- 1.75
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
11.65-01.76
1.65- 1.75
1.65- 1.75
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
o*1.70
01.70
01.70
Average
*1.7042
F L O U R : B u ck w h e a t*
[Price per hundred pounds in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York
Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
*2.00-*2.10
2.00
2.00
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
(b)
(b )
\b)
6
lb)
*2.35-*2.50
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
*2.50
*2.10- 2.25
2.10- 2.25
Average
*2.1893
FLOU R: R ye.
[Price per barrel in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
*4.40-*5.00
4.35- 5.00
4.35- 4.96
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
*4.35-*4.95
4.10- 4.85
4.10- 4.90
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
*4.25-*4.30
4.20- 4.80
4.00- 4.50
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
*4.00-*4.50
4.15- 4.60
4.00- 4.60
Average
*4.4667
F L O U R : W h e a t, s p r in g p a te n ts .
[Price per barrel in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the statistician o f
the New York Produce Exchange.]
A pr___
*5.70-*6.20
5.75- 6.30
6.80- 6.30
5.75- 6.25
5.75- 6.25
5.75- 6.25
5.75- 6.25
5.80- 6.35
5.80- 6.35
5.75^5.605.605.45-
6.30
6.15
6.25
6.15
M a y ...
June ..
*5.40-*6.10
5.40- 6.10
5.35- 6.00
5.25- 5.80
5.005.005.255.355.405.405.405.505.50-
5.65
5.65
6.00
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.10
6.00
6.10
J u ly ...
*5.50-66.15
5.50- 6.15
5.50- 6.00
5.50- 6.00
O c t ....
Aug . . .
5.50- 6.00
5.50- 5.80
5.10- 5.50
4.90- 5.50
4.90- 5.50
4.90- 5.40
4.90- 5.40
4.80-5.30
4.60- 5.10
Nov . . .
Sept. . .
a Quotation frpm the New York Commercial.
5 No quotation for month.
*4.40-65.00
4.40- 4.80
4.40- 4.90
4.40- 4.85
4.60- 5.00
4.60- 4.95
4.35- 4.90
4.35- 4.90
4.25- 4.80
D ec___
4.25- 4.80
4.35-4.85
4.35- 4.80
4.35- 4.80
Average
*5.4221
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
397
T able I . — WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D S , E T C .—Continued.
F L O U R : W h e a t, w i n t e r s tr a ig h ts .
[Price per barrel in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the statistician of
the New York Produce Exchange.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
Apr___
$5.10-$5.35
5.10- 5.40
5.20- 5.45
5.10- 5.35
5.10- 5.35
6.10- 5.35
5.10- 5.35
6.10- 5.35
5.10- 5.35
5.105.005.004.90-
M ay. . .
June ..
5.35
5.25
5.25
5.15
Price.
$4.90-$5.15
4.90- 5.10
4.75- 5.00
4.75- 4.90
4.604.604.604.604.604.604.504.504.50-
4.75
4.75
4.80
4.85
4.80
4.80
4.75
4.75
4.80
Month.
Price.
$4.50-84.80
4.50- 4.75
4.50- 4.75
4.50- 4.70
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
4.504.504.254.154.104.003.903.903.90-
Sept. . .
4.70
4.65
4.50
4.30
4.25
4.10
4.10
4.10
4.10
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
$3.75-$4.00
3.75- 4.00
3.75- 4.00
3.75- 4.00
3.90- 4.10
3.80- 4.00
3.70- 4. CO
3.70- 4.00
3.65- 3.90
Nov .. .
D ec—
Average
1
3.653.753.753.75-
3.90
4.00
4.00
4.00
$4.5428
F R U I T : A p p le s , e v a p o r a te d , c h o ice .
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
Mar.......
Apr___
May . . .
June. . .
$0.05*-$0.05*
.051- .06
.06 - .06*
$0.06 -$0.06*
.06 - .06*
.06 - .06*
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.06*
.07
.07*
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.07*
.09
.10
Average
$0.0699
F R U I T : A p p le s , s u n -d r ie d .
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
A pr___
May . . .
J u n e ...
$0.03 -$0.04
.0 3 - .04
.02*- .03*
$0.02*-$0.03
.02*- .03
.02*- .02|
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.02*-$0.03
.02*- .03*
.04 - .04*
O c t ___
Nov ...
Dec —
$0.04 -$0.04*
.04*- .05
.04*- .05*
Average
$0.0348
F R U I T : C u r ra n ts , in b a r r e ls.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
J a n .......
Feb.......
Mar.......
A pr___
May . . .
J u n e ...
$0.05
$0.04*- .04*
.04*- .04*
$0.04*
$0.04*- .04*
.04*- .04*
J u ly .. .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.04|-$0.04*
.05*
.05*- .05*
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.05f-$0.05*
.05|- .05*
.05*
Average
$0.0490
F R U I T : P r u n e s , C a lifo r n ia , 60s to 70s, i n 2 5 -p o u n d b o x e s .
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.04*-$0.04*
.04 - .04*
.04 - .04*
A pr___
M ay...
J u n e...
5929—No. 63— 06-----5
$0.03*-$0.04
.03*- .03*
.03*- .04
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.04 -$0.04*
.05
.05*- .05*
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec —
$0.05*-$0.05*
. 05*- .05|
.05*- . 05*
Average
$0.0459
398
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F O O D S , E T C .— Continued.
F R U I T : R a i s i n s , C a lifo r n ia , L o n d o n la y e r .
[Price per box in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
Month.
$1.25-91.80
1.20- 1.30
1.20 1.30
Price.
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
Month.
91.20-91.25
1.00- 1.10
1.00- 1.10
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
Sept. . .
Price.
Month.
Price.
91.00-91.10 ! O ct---1.00- 1.10 Nov .. .
1.00- 1.10 D ec___
91.15-91.20
1.20- 1.25
1.60
Average
91.1875
G LU CO SE.
[Price per hundred pounds in New York on the first of each month; from January to August the
prices are for 41° and 42° mixing, and September to December for 41° and 43° mixing; quotations
from the New York Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
91.81
1.85
1.85
A pr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
91.85
1.56
1.61
91.61
1.61
1.91
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
91.91
1.81
1.91
Average
91.7742
L A R D : P r im e c o n tr a c t.
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the statistician of
the New York Produce Exchange.]
Jan.......
80.0715
.0710
.0700
90.0685- .0725
. 0700- . 0725
Feb....... .0690- .0715
.0690- .0720
.0685- .0710
.0690- .0720
M a r ___
.0695.0695.0710.0710-
Apr___ 90.0715-90.0745
.0725- .0750
.0730- .0750
.0725- .0750
J u ly ...
90.0740
90.0710- .0725
.0730
.0735
O ct___
M ay. . .
Aug . ..
.0750
.0790
.0815
.0820
.0825
.0815
.0790
.0790
.0775
Nov . . .
.07151 .0715.0720.0715. 0710.0725 | June .. .0715.0720 ,
.0710.0745
.0710.0730
.0740
.0735
.0740
.0740
. 0740
.0735
.0725
.0725
.0730
i
S ep t...
|
90.0770
.0755
.0775
.0750
.0740
.0750
.0740
.0750
.0770
D ec___
.0775
.0800
.0800
.0785
Average
90.0745
M E A L : C o rn , tin e w h i t e .
[Price per bag of 100 pounds in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York
Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin ]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
91.80-91.40
1.25
1.30
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
91.30
1.25
1.30
J u ly . . .
Aug .. .
S ept...
91.35
1.45
1.45
O ct___
Nov .. .
Dec___
91.30
1.35
1.25
Average
91.3250
JURAL: C o rn , fin e y e l l o w .
[Price per bag of 100 pounds in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York
Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
91.30-91.40
1.25
1.30
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju n e...
91.30
1.25
1.30
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
91.35
1.45
1.45
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec-----
91.30
1.35
1.25
Average
91.3250
399
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I ___WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D S , E T C .—Continued.
MEAT: Bacon, short clear sides, smoked, loose.
[Price per pound in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Trade Bulletin.]
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Jan.......
$0.062-80.07
.061- .061
.061- .061
Apr___
$0.07f-80.07f
.071- .071
.071- .071
.071- .071
J u ly . . .
80.081-50.081
.081- .081
.081- .081
.081- .081
O ct___
333
rrr
Month.
Feb.......
M ay...
.071- .07|
.071- .07f
.071- .07f
M a r ___
.071.071.071.071-
.071
.071
.071
.071
Ju n e...
.071.071.071.071.071.071.071.071.081-
.071
.071
.071
.071
.071
-08
.071
.071
.081
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
.081.081.091.091.091.091.081.081.09 -
.081
.081
.091
.091
-091
.091
.09
.09
.091
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
Price.
80.081-80.09
.081- .081
.081- .081
.081- -081
.081- .081
.08 - .081
.081- .081
.071- .071
.071- .071
.071.071.071.071-
.08
.071
.071
.071
80.0800
MEAT: Bacon, short rib sides, smoked, loose.
[Price per pound in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Trade Bulletin.]
Jan....... J
80.061-80.061
.061- .061
.061- .061
.061- .07
j
.061- .07
.07 - .071
Feb....... !
.07 - .071
i
i
.07 - .071
.07 - .071
Apr___
j
M a r ___•
1
i
1
.071.071.071.071-
.07f
.071
-071
.071
M ay. . .
J u n e ...
80.07f-80.071
.071- .071
.071- .072
.071- .071
J u ly ...
.071
.072
.072
.072
.072
..071
.072
.072
.081
Aug . . .
.071.071.071.071.071.072.072.071.081-
Sept. . .
80.08 -80.081
.08 - . 081
.081- .081
.081- .081
.082.082.09 .091.091.09 .082.082.082-
.082
.082
.091
.091
.091
.091
.08|
.081
.081
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec . . .
Average
80.081-80.082
.081- .082
.081- .082
.081- .081
.071- . 08
.072- .08
.072- .071
.072- .071
.072- .071
.072.071.072.071-
.071
.072
.072
.072
80.0783
MEAT: Beet’, fresh, native sides.
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the New York Daily
Tribune.]
Ju n e...
Aug . . .
-
.091
.091
.09
.09
S e p t .. .
.08
.08
.07
.07
-
-
80.07 -80.09
.07 - .091
.0 7 - .09
. 07 - . 082
.07 .0 7 .0 7 .07 -
.09
.09
.09
.091
.07 -
.09*
TTTT
.091
.09
.091
.09
J u ly ...
o o o o g
.061.061.06 .061-
80.07 -80.09
.071- .10
.0 9 - .10
. 09 - .10
11111
80.07 -80.091 A p r ____
.07 - .091
.07 - .091
.0 7 - .09
.07 - .091
.0 7 - .09 M a y ___
.061- .091
.07 - .091
.061- .09
O c t ....
N o v ...
Dec___
Average
80.06 -80.09
. 06 - .09
.0 6 - .09
.0 6 - .09
.051- -09
.051- .09
.051- .09
.05 - .081
.0 5 - .09
. 051-
. 09
.051- .09
.052- .091
.052- .09
80.0802
400
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able I . — WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D S , E T C .—Continued.
MEAT: Beet; salt, extra mess.
[Average weekly price per barrel in New York; quotations furnished by the statistician of the New
York Produce Exchange.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
$9.00-89.50
9.00- 9.50
9.00- 9.50
9.00- 9.50
9.009.009.009.009.009.009.009.00-
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
9.50
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju n e...
Price.
$9.00-89.50
9.00- 9.50
10.00-10.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
11.00-11.50
Month.
Price.
Month.
J u ly ...
$11.00-811.50
10.50- 11.00
10.00- 10.50
10.00- 10.50
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
O c t ....
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Nov . . .
Dec----
Average
Price.
$9.50-810.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.50- 10.00
9.509.509.509.509.509.509.509.509.50-
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
$10.0240
MEAT: Beef, salt, hams, western.
[Price per barrel in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the statistician of
the New York Produce Exchange.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$22.00-823.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.00- 23.50
22.0022.0022.0021.50-
23.50
23.50
23.50
23.00
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$21.50-823.00
21.50- 23.00
21.50- 23.00
21.50- 23.00
21.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.00-
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
J u ly .. .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$21.00-822.50
21.50- 22.50
21.00- 22.60
21.00- 22.50
21.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.0021.00-
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
22.50
O ct----
Nov .. -
D ec—
Average
$21.00-822.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
21.00- 22.50
20.5020.5020.5020.50-
22.00
22.00
22.00
22.00
$21.9952
MEAT: Hams, smoked., loose.
[Price per pound in Chicago on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the Daily Trade Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.09 -$0.10
.08|- .09*
.09 - .09*
.0 9 - . 09*
.09|- .09f
.09|- .09|
.091- .10
.09s- .10
.09*- .10
.09*.09*.09|.09f-
.10
.10
.10*
.10*
Apr___
M a y ...
Ju n e...
$0.10 -80.10*
. 10 - . 10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .10*
.10*.10*.10*.10*.10*.10*.101.1 1 .11 -
.10
.11
.11
.11
.11
.11
.11
.11*
.11*
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.11 -$0.11*
.10*- .11
.10*- .11
.10*- .11
.11 .11 .11*.11*. 11*.11*.11 .10*.10*-
.11*
.11*
.11*
.11*
.11*
.11*
.11*
.11
.11
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
$0.10*-$0.10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .10*
.10*- .11*
.09*- .11*
.09*.09*.09*.09*-
.10*
.10*
.10*
.10*
$0.1046
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
401
T able I . — WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D S , E T C . —Continued.
MEAT: Mutton, dressed.
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations from the New York Daily Tribune.]
Month.
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Jan.......
80.06*-80.08*
. 07 - .09
.07*- .09*
.07*- .09*
. 07*- . 09*
.07*- .10
. 08 - .10
.08*- .10*
.08*- .11
Apr___
80.08*-$0.10*
.08 - .10
.07 - .10
.07 - .10
J u ly . . .
Feb.......
Mar —
.08*.08*.08*.08*-
.10*
.10*
.10*
.10*
M ay. . .
Ju n e...
.07
.07
.07
.07
.07
.07
.07
.07
.07
-
.10
.09*
.10
.10
.10
.09*
.09
.09
.09
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
Month.
Price.
80.08
.08
.07
.07
-80.10
- .10*
- .10
- .09
.07 .06 .06 .07*.08 .08 .07 .07 .07 -
O ct----
.09
Nov . . .
.08*
.08*
.10
.10
.10
Dec___
.09*
.09*
.09 ,
Average
Price.
80.07*-80.09*
.07 - .09
.07*- .10
.07*- .10
.07 - .10
.07 - .10
.07 - .10
.07 - .10
.07 - .10
.07 - .10
.08 - .10*
.08 - .10*
.07*- .10
80.0859
MEAT: Pork, salt, mess, old to new.
[Price per barrel in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the statistician
of the New York Produce Exchange.]
Jan....... 813.00 -813.50
12.75 - 13.25
13.00 - 13.60
13.25 - 13.75
13.25 - 13.75
Feb....... 13.25 - 13.75
13.25 - 13.75
13.25 - 13.75
12.75 - 13.50
M a r ___
13.00 - 13.50
13.00 - 13.50
13.37*- 13.75
13.25-13.50
Apr___ 813.25 -813.50
13.50 - 13.87*
13.50 - 13.87*
13.37*- 13.75
Ju ly . . .
M a y . . . 13.00 13.12*13.25 13.37*13.37*Ju n e... 13.37*13.37*13.37*13.37*-
Aug . . .
13.50
13.62*
13.75
13.87*
13.87*
13.87*
13.87*
13.75
13.75
Sept. . .
813.50-814.25
13.50- 14.25
13.50- 14.50
13.50- 14.50
14.0014.7515.0015.7515.5015.5015.5016.0016.00-
15.00
15.75
16.00
16.25
16.50
16.50
16.50
16.50
16.50
O c t...
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
816.00-816.50
16.25- 16.50
16.25- 16.50
16.00- 16.25
16.00- 16.25
15.25- 15.50
15.25- 15.50
15.00- 15.50
15.00- 15.25
15.2515.0015.0014.50-
15.50
15.25
15.25
14.75
814.4183
MILK: Fresh.
[Average monthly exchange price per quart; net price at shipping stations subject to a freight rate
to New York of 26 cents per can of 40 quarts; quotations from the Milk Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.0350
.0338
.0312
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
80.0283
.0256
.0200
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
Sept. ..
80.0238
.0250
.0275
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
80.0300
.0317
.0350
Average
80.0289
MOLASSES: New Orleans, open kettle.
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal
of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.30-80.37
.29- .35
.29- .35
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
80.29-80.35
.29- .35
.29- .35
J u ly ...
Aug ...
Sept.. .
80.29-80.35
.29- .35
.29- .35
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.29-80.35
.29- .35
.30- .38
Average
80.3229
402
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I . —WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D S , E T C .—Continued.
RICE: Domestic, choice.
[Price per pound in New Y ork on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
80.03|-«0.04
.03|- .04
.03*- .04
Month.
Price.
Month.
Price.
Month.
Apr---M a y ...
June ..
80.03f-fl0.04
.03*- .04
.04 - .04*
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
fl0.04f-fl0.04f
.04*- . 04f
.04*- .04*
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec—
80.04f-fl0.04f
.04f- .04*
.04*- .04*
Average
80.0417
Price.
SALT: American, medium*
[Price per barrel in Chicago each week; quotations furnished by the secretary of the Chicago Board
of Trade.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.84
.75
.75
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
80.75
.75
.70
.70
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
J u ly . . .
80.78
.78
.78
.78
.78
.67
.67
.70
.70
.70
.70
.67
.67
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t----
Nov . . .
Dec----
Average
80.70
.70
.70
.70
.70
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
80.7552
SODA: Bicarbonate of, American*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.0130
.0130
.0130
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
80.0130
.0130
.0130
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.0130
.0130
.0130
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec----
80.0130
.0130
.0130
Average
$0.0130
SPICES: Nutmegs, 105s to 110s*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.19 -80.20
.17*- .18*
.1 7 - .18
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
80.17 -80.18
.1 7 - .18
.16*- .17
J u ly ...
A u g...
S ept. . .
80.17*-80.17*
.17*- .17*
.16#- .17
O ct___
Nov .. .
D ec___
80.16*-fl0.17
.15*- .16
.15*- .16
Average
80.1722
SPICES: Pepper, Singapore*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each m onth; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.12f-80.13
.12*- .12*
.12 - .12*
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju n e...
80.12*-80.12*
.12*- .12*
.11*- .12
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80. llf-80.12*
.12*- .12*
. 12f- .12*
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
80.12 -80.12*
.11*- .11*
. I l f - .11*
Average
80.1217
COURSE OP WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
403
T able I . — W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D S , E T C .— Continued.
STARCH: Pure corn, for culinary purposes.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Month.
Month.
Price.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju n e...
80.05*
.05*
.05*
80.05*
.05*
.05*
Month.
Price.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.05*
.05*
.05*
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.05*
.05*
.05*
Average
80.0552
SUGAR: 89° fair refining.
[Price per pound in New York on Thursday of each week, including import duty of 1.44 cents per
pound; quotations from Willett & Gray’ s Weekly Statistical Sugar Trade Journal.]
Apr___
80.0437*
.0437*
.0456
.0475
.0475
.0475
.0444
.0444
.0456
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
.0463
.0456
.0425
.0425
.0431
80.0431
.0425
.0409
.0400
J u ly ... i
1
M ay . . .
.0400
.0387*
.0372
.0375
Aug . . .
June ..
.0375
.0375
.0362*
.0369
.0362*
S ept.. .
80.0356 ! O c t___
.0337*
.0337*
.0344
80.0300
.0300
.0300
.0287*
.0344
Nov . . .
.0350
.0350
.0337*
.0337*
.0337* D ec___
.0325
.0300
.0306 i
.0287*
.0287*
.0287*
.0294
.0300
.0300
.0312*
.0312*
.0312*
j Average
80.03696
SUGAR: 96° centrifugal.
[Price per pound in New York on Thursday of each week, including import duty of 1.68* cents per
pound; quotations from Willett & Gray’s Weekly Statistical Sugar Trade Journal.]
80.0487*
.0487*
.0506
.0524
.0525
.0525
.0494
.0494
.0506
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
.0512*
.0506
.0488
.0484
. 0481
Apr___
80.0494
.0488
.0472
.0462*
J u ly . . .
M ay...
.0462*
.0450
.0434
.0437*
Aug . . .
June ..
.0437*
.0437*
.0425
.0431
.0425
Sept. . .
80.0419
.0400
.0400
.0406
.0406
.0412*
.0412*
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0387*
.0362*
.0369
O c t----
80.0361
.0362*
.0358
.0350
Nov . . .
.0350
.0344
.0344
.0355
. 0356
.0356
.0362*
.0362*
.0362*
Dec___
Average
80.04278
SUGAR: Granulated, in barrels.
[Price per pound in New York on Thursday of each week, including import duty of 1.95 cents per
pound; quotations from Willett & Gray’s Weekly Statistical Sugar Trade Journal.]
Jan .......
Feb.......
M a r ___
;
|
80.0570
.0570
.0580
.0590
.0800
.0600
.0590
.0590
.0590
A p r ....
.0590
.05%
.0590
.0590
.0590
June ..
i
M ay. . .
!
i
1
80.0590
.0590
.0590
.0590
J u ly . . . 1
!
.0590
.0570
.0550
.0560
Aug . . .
.0560
.0560
.0560
.0535
.0525
S ept . . .
i
1
1
80.0525
.0515
.0505
.0490
.0505
.0510
.0510
.0510
.0500
.0500
.0490
.0465
.0455
O ct___ i
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
!
80.0455
.0455
.0445
.0445
.0435
.0435
.0435
.0445
.0445
.0445
.0445
.0445
.0445
80.05256
404
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able I . — WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F O O D , E T C .—Continued.
TALLOW.
[Price per pound in New York on Tuesday of each week; quotations furnished by the statistician of
the New York Produce Exchange.]
Month.
Month.
Price.
Jan.......
$0.04|
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
Feb.......
Mar —
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
Month.
Price.
Price.
Month.
Apr___
$0.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
J u ly ...
$0.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
O ct___
M a y .. .
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
A u g ...
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
$0.04$- .04$
.04$
.04$
Nov . . .
June ..
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
Dec___
.04$
.04$
.04$
.04$
Average
$0.0449
:3
TEA: Formosa, tine*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
$0.26-$0.29
.26- .29
.26- .29
A pr___
M ay .. .
June ..
$0.26-$0.29
.26- .29
.26- .29
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.26-$0.29
.26- .29
.24- .27
O ct___
Nov .. .
Dec___
$0.24-$0.27
.24- .27'
.23- .26
Average
$0.2676
VEGETABLES, F RESH: Onions.
[Price per barrel in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$2.00-$7.00
3.00- 7.00
3.00- 7.00
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
$2.50-$3.50
1.50- 3.50
«2 .00- 2.50
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept.. .
a$1.50-$2.24
a 1.40- 1.60
2.00- 3.00
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$3.00-$3.50
2.50- 4.50
2.50- 5.50
Average
$3.2392
VEGETABLES, FRESH: Potatoes, Burbank*
[Price per bushel in Chicago, weekly range; quotations furnished by the secretary of the Chicago
Board of Trade.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.32-$0.38
.34- .37
.34- .37
.33- .36
.33.33.33.33.30.27.25.25-
.35
.35
.35
.37
.37
.31
.28
.28
A pr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.25-^0.28
.20- .25
.20- .26
.20- .29
.24- .29
.21- .25
.20- .25
.20- .23
.20- .24
.21- .25
.18- .25
(ft)
(6)
(&)
J u ly . ..
(ft)
&)
(&)
(ft
O c t ....
(b)
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Nov . . .
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
(ft)
$0.43-$0.48
Dec___
Average
a
Sold in one-half barrel baskets.
$0.45-$0.48
.43- .52
.52- .65
.65- .72
&No quotation for week.
.67.66.64.64.64.61.56.55.58-
.70
.70
.68
.66
.65
.65
.63
.59
.66
$0.4026
405
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F O O D , E T C . —Concluded.
VINEGAR: Cider, Monarch, in barrels.
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$0.14
.14
.14
A pr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
Price.
$0.14
.14
.14
CLOTHS A N D
Month.
Price.
J u ly .. .
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
$0.14
.15
.15
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.15
.15
.17
Average
$0.1458
C L O T H IN G .
BAGS: 2-bushel, Amoskeag.
[Price per bag on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$0.18*
.14
.14
Apr___
M a y . ..
J u n e...
Price.
$0.14
.14*
.14*
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.14*
.14*
.15
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec----
$0.16*
.17
.17
Average
$0.1533
BI jANKBTS: 11-4, 5 pounds to the pair, all wool.
[Average price per pound.]
Year.
Price.
$1.00
1905.............................................................................................................................................
BLANKETS; 11-4, 5 pounds to the pair, cotton warp, all w ool Ailing.
[Average price per pound.]
20.771
1905.
BLANKETS: 11-4, 5 pounds to the pair, cotton warp, cotton and wool Ailing.
[Average price per pound.]
$0.60
1905.
BOOTS AND SHOES: Men’s brogans, split.
[Price per pair on the first of each month.]
M onti.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
$0.92*
.92*
.92*
Month.
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
Price.
$0.92*
.95
.95
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.97*
1.00
1.00
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$1.05
1.17*
1.25
Average
$1.0042
406
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G — Continued.
BOOTS AND SHOES: Men’s calf Dal. shoes, Goodyear welt, dongola top.
[price per pair on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
$2.35
2.35
2.35
Month. 1
Apr___j
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
$2.35
2.35
2.35
' Month.
Price.
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
Sept. . .
$2.35
2.35
2.35
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$2.45
2.45
2.45
Average
$2.3750
BOOTS AND SHOES: Men’ s split boots, russet-bound top, 17-inch, one-half
double sole.
[Price per dozen pairs on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$19.00
19.00
19.00
A p r ....
M ay. . .
June ..
$19.00
19.00
19.00
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
$19.50
19.50
20.00
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$20.50
21.00
22.00
Average
$19.708
BOOTS AND SHOES: Men’ s vici hid shoes, Goodyear welt.
[Price per pair on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$2.05
2.05
2.10
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$2.10
2.15
2.15
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$2.20
2.25
2.30
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec----
$2.30
2.35
2.35
Average
$2.1958
BOOTS AND SHOES: Women’ s solid grain shoes, leather, polish or polha.
[Price per pair on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.95
.95
.95
Apr___
May . . .
Ju ne...
$0.95 J u ly ...
.97* Aug . . .
.971 S ep t. . .
$0,971 O c t ....
1.00 Nov . . .
1.00 D ec___
$1.00
1.00
1.00
Average
$0.9771
BROADCLOTHS: First quality, black, 54-inch, made from X X X wool.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
J a n ..-..
Feb. * ..
Mar . . . .
$1,951
1.951
1.971
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
$1,971
1.971
1.971
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$2.02
2.02
2.02
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$2.02
2.02
2.02
Average
$1.9946
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0,055
.055
.055
Average
$0.0517
CALICO: Cocheco prints.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.05
.05
.05
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$0.05
.05
.05
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.05
.05
.055
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905
407
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G — Continued.
CARPETS: Brussels, 5-frame, Bigelow.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
81.152
1.152
1.152
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Month.
Price.
Price.
81.152 ■J u ly ...
1.152 Aug . . .
1.152 Sept. . .
!
i| Month.
81.152
1.152
1.152
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
81.152
1.152
1.152
Average
81.1520
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.5424
.5520
.5520
Average
80.5520
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
82.1360
2.1360
2.1360
Average
82.1360
CARPETS: Ingrain, 2-ply, Lowell.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
80.5664
.5664
.5664
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
80.5664
.5424
.5424
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.5424
.5424
.5424
CARPETS: Wilton, 5-frame, Bigelow.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
82.1360
2.1360
2.1360
Apr---M ay. . .
Ju ne...
J u ly ...
A u g ...
Sept. . .
82.1360
2.1360
2.1360
82.1360
2.1360
2.1360
COTTON FLANNELS: 2* yards to the pound.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
80.08*
.08
.08
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
80.08* ! J u ly ...
.08* Aug . . .
.08* Sept. . .
80.08*
.08*
.08*
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.09
.09
.09
Average
80.0854
COTTON FLANNELS: 3] yards to the pound.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.06*
.06*
.06*
Apr---- 1!
M ay...
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.06*
.06*
.06*
*
80.07 | O ct___
.07 ; Nov . . .
.07 1 Dec___
80.07
.07
.07
Average
80.0681
!
i
COTTON THREAJD: 6-cord, 200-yard spools, J. & P. Coats.
[Price per spool, freight paid, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.03724
.03724
.03724
A p r ....
M ay...
J u n e...
80.03724
.03724
.03724
J u ly . . .
Aug .. .
Sept.. .
80.03724
.03724
.03724
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.03724
.03724
.03724
Average
80.03724
408
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
CLOTHS A N D
C L O T H I N G —Continued.
COTTON YARNS: Carded, white, mule-spun, northern, eones, 10/1*
[Price per pound on the first of each month.]
Mon+h.
J a n .......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
$0.16*
.16
.16
Price.
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
$0.16
.15*
.16
Month.
Price.
J u ly ...
Aug .. .
Sept. . .
: Month.
Price.
$0,171 O c t ....
.18 ' Nov . . .
.181 Dec___
$0,181
.191
.20
|Average
1
$0.1733
COTTON YARNS: Carded, white, mule-spun, northern, cones, 22/1.
[Price per pound on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0,191
.19
.19
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.19
.19
.19
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t.. .
$0,201
•211
.211
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.21
.221
.23
Average
$0.2038
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0,111
•111
.12
Average
$0.1083
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0,071
.071
.071
Average
$0.0721
O c t ___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.0635
.0640
.0669
Average
$0.0633
DENIMS: Amoskeag.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.11
.10
.10
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.10
.10
.101
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0,101
.111
.111
DRILLINGS: Rrown, Pepperell.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0,061
.061
.07
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.07
.07
.071
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
$0,071
.071
.071
DRILLINGS: 30-inch, Starh A.
[Averaare m onthly price per yard.]
$0.0627
.0622
.0631
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
$0.0625
.0626
.0629
J u ly . . .
Aug—
Sept . . .
$0.0630
.0631
.0628
FLANNELS: White, 4 -4, Ballard Yale No. 3.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.4440
.4440
.4440
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.4440
.4440
.4440
J u ly . . .
Aug---Sept . . .
$0.4440
.4440
.4440
O c t ___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.4440
.4567
.4567
Average
$0.4461
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
409
T able I . — W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
CLOTHS A N D
C L O T H I N G — Continued.
G IN G H A M S : A m o sfeeag.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan___ _
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
$0.05
.05
.05
Apr___
M ay. ..
Ju ne...
Price.
$0.05
.05
,05
Month.
Price.
J u ly ...
A u g ....
S ep t. . .
$0.05
.05*
.05*
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov .. .
D ec___
$0.05*
.05*
.05*
Average
$0.0515
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.05*
.05*
.05*
Average
$0.0517
OINGHAHS: Lancaster.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.05
.05
.05
Apr___
M ay.. .
June ..
$0.05
.05
.05
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.05
.05*
.05*
HORS£ BLANKETS: 6 pounds each, all wool.
[Average price per pound.]
Year.
Price.
1905.............................................................................................................................................
$0.75
HOSIERY: Hen’ s cotton hall’ hose, seamless, fast black, 20 to 2 2 onnce, 160
needles, single thread.
[Price per dozen pairs in September.
Represents bulk of sales.]
$0.6370
1905.
HOSIERY: Hen’ s cotton h alf hose, seamless, standard quality, 84 needles.
[Price per dozen pairs on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$0.70
.70
.70
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
$0.70
.70
.70
j Month.
Ju ly . . .
Aug .. .
Sept.. .
Price.
$0.70
.70
.70
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.70
.70
.70
Average
$0.70
HOSIERY: Women’s combed Egyptian cotton hose, high spliced heel, double
sole, full-fashioned.
[Price per dozen pairs maintained throughout the year.]
Year.
1905.............................................................................................................................................
Price.
$1.75
410
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
CLOTHS A N D
C D O T H I N G —Continued.
HOSIERY: Women’ s cotton hose, seamless, last black, 26 to 28 ounce, 160 to
176 needles.
[Price per dozen pairs in September.
Represents bulk of sales.]
Year.
Price.
1905.
80.7840
LEATH ER: Harness, oak, packers’ hides, heavy, No. 1.
[Price per pound on the first of each month in the general market; quotations from the Shoe and
Leather Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
Apr___
M ay...
June...
80.31-80.33
.31- .33
.31- .33
Price.
80.31-80.33
.31- .33
.33- .34
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
Price.
80.33-80.34
.33- .34
.34- .35
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.34-80.35
.34
.36- .37
Average
80.3333
L EATH ER : Sole, hemlock, Buenos Ayres and Montana, middle weights, first
quality.
[Price per pound on the first of each month in the general market; quotations from the Shoe and
Leather Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
80.22f-80.23
.22*- .23
.22*- .23
80.22*-80.23
.22*- .23
.22*- .23
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.22f-80.23
.22*- .23
.22*- .23
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec—
80.22*-80.23
.22*- .23
.2 4 - .25
Average
80.2290
LEATH ER: Sole, oak, scoured backs, heavy, No. 1.
[Price per pound on the first of each month in the general market; quotations from the Shoe and
Leather Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
80.36
.36
.36
80.36
80.37- .38
.37- .38
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.37-80.38
.37
.37
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
80.36
.36
.37
Average
80.3663
LEATH ER: W ax calf, 30 to 40 pounds to the dozen, JB grade.
[Price per square foot on the first of each month in the general market; quotations from the Shoe
and Leather Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
80.67*-80.70
.67*- .70
.67*- .70
80.67*-80.70
.67*- .70
.67*- .70
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.70 -80.72*
.7 0 - .75
.67*- .72*
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec.'...
80.67f-80.72*
.67*- .72*
.67*- .72*
Average
80.6969
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D e c ....
80.846
.846
.893
Average
80.8499
LINEN SHOE TH R EAD : 10s, Barbour.
[Price per pound on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
80.846
.846
.846
A pr___
M ay . . .
June ..
80.846
.846
.846
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.846
.846
.846
411
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
CLOTHS A N D
C L O T H I N G — Continued.
LINEN THR EAD : 3-cord, 200-yard spools, Barbour.
[Price per dozen spools on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
Apr---M a y ...
June ..
$0.8835
.8835
.8835
Month.
Price.
$0.8835
.8835
.8835
Price.
$0.8835
.8835
.8835
July .*..
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.8835
.8835
.8835
Average
$0.8835
OVERCOATINGS: Beaver, Moscow, all w ool, black:.
[Price per yard maintained generally throughout the year.
Represents bulk of sales.]
Year.
Price.
1905.
$2.4413
OVERCOATINGS: Ckinckilla, B-rough, all wool.
[Price per yard maintained generally throughout the year.
Represents bulk of sales.]
1905
$2.3948
OVERCOATINGS: Cliincliilla, cotton warp, ۥ ۥ grade.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Price.
Month.
$0.47 Apr___
.46 M a y . . .
.454 J u n e...
Price.
Month.
Price.
$0.46 J u ly . . .
.46 A u g . . .
.464 Sept. . .
$0.45
.46
.45
| Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0,464
.46
.45
Average
$0.4588
OVERCOATINGS: Covert cloth, light weight, staple goods.
[Price per yard maintained throughout the year.]
Year.
Price.
1905..............................................................................................................................................
$2.2568
OVERCOATINGS: Kersey, standard, 27 to 28 ounce.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
$1.75
1.774
1.774
Month.
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
Price.
$1.774
1.774
1.874
Month.
Price.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1,874
1.874
1.874
|
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec . . .
$1,874
1.874
1.874
Average
$1.8313
412
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
Table I .—W H O LESALE
PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G —Continued.
PRINT CLOTHS: 28-inch, 64 toy 64.
[Average weekly price per yard.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
Price.
$0.0275
.0275
.0268$
.0268$
.0268$
.0265$
.0265$
.0265$
.02651
.0268$
.0268$
.0275
.02871
Apr___
$0.0275
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0268$
.0268$
.02621
02621
02621
.0268$
.0268$
. 0275
M ay...
June ..
Month.
Price.
Month.
Price.
J u ly . . .
$0.0300
.03121
.0325
.0325
O ct___
$0.03621
.03621
.03621
.03621
Aug .. .
.03371
.03371
.03371
.0350
.0350
.0350
.0350
.0350
.0350
Nov . . .
Dec___
.03621
.03621
.03621
.03621
.03621
.0375
.0375
.0375
.0375
Average
$0.031214
S e p t...
SHAWLS: Standard, all w ool (low grade), 72 toy 144 inch, 4 0 to 42 ounce.
[Price per shawl on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Apr___
M a y .. .
Ju ne...
$2.24
2.24
2.24
$2.24
2.24
2.24
July .. .
Aug .. .
S ep t. . .
$2.24
2.24
2.24
O c t ___
Nov . . .
Dec —
$2.24
2.24
2.24
Average
$2.24
SHEETINGS: Bleached, 10-4, Atlantic.
[Average monthly price per yard.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.1920
.1920
.1998
Apr___
May . . .
Ju n e...
$0.2105
.1730
.1846
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
$0.1896
.2208
.2172
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec —
$0.2223
.2250
(«)
Average
$0.2024
SHEETINGS: Bleached, 10-4, Pepperell.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.22
.21
.21
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
$0.21
.21
.22
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.23
.23
.24
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.24
.25
.25
|Average
$0.2267
SHEETINGS: Bleached, 10-4, Wamsutta S. T.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.27
.27
.27
A pr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
$0.27
.27
.27
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
aNo sale during month.
$0.27
.27
.27
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.27
.27
.27
Average
$0.2700
413
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I ___WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G — Continued.
SHEETINGS: Brown, 4 -4, Atlantic A.
[Average monthly price per yard.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
Month.
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.0628
.0654
.0652
Price.
$0.0642
.0634
.0631
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
Month.
$0.0642
.0640
.0621
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.0638
.0642
.0638
Average
$0.0639
SHEETINGS: Brown, 4 -4, Indian Head.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay, . .
Ju ne...
$0,071
.07}
.071
$0.07$
.07$
.07$
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.07$
.07$
.07$
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.07$
.07$
.07$
Average
$0.0758
SHEETINGS: Brown, 4 -4, Massachusetts Mills, Flying Horse brand,
yards to the pound.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr---M a y ...
June ..
$0.06$
.07
.07
$0.07$
.07$
.07$
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.07$
.07$
.07$
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.07$
.07$
.07$
Average
$0.0725
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.06$
.06$
.06$
Average
$0.0644
SHEETINGS: Brown, 4 -4, Pepperell R .
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.06$
.05$
.06
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.06$
.06$
.06$
Ju ly. . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.06$
.06$
.06$
SHIRTINGS: Bleached, 4 -4 , Fruit o f the Loom.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.07$
.06$
.06$
A pr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.06$
.07
.07$
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.07$
.08
.08
Oct —
Nov . . .
D e c ....
$0.08
.08
.08$
Average
$0.0748
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec —
$0.0701
.0701
.0724
Average
$0.0663
SHIRTINGS: Bleached, 4 -4, Hope.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
$0.0641
.0641
.0618
Apr___
M a y ...
J u n e...
5929— No. 53—06-----6
$0.0618
.0629
.0641
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
$0.0641
.0701
.0701
414
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G — Continued.
SHIRTINGS: Bleached, 4 -4 , Lonsdale.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
80.07*
:S i
Price.
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
$0.06*
.06*
.07*
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Month.
Price.
80.07*
.07*
.07*
Price.
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
8.07*
.07*
.08*
Average
80.0739
SHIRTINGS: Bleached, 4 -4, New York Mills.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.0821
.0829
.0829
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
80.0829
.0825
.0829
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.0897
.0897
10873
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
(a)
(«)
w
Average
SHIRTINGS: Bleached, 4 -4, Wamsntta
80.0848
*$>>.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
F e b ..,..
M a r ___
80.090
.090
.090
Apr___
May. ..
Ju ne...
80.090
.090
.090
J u ly . . .
Aug .. .
Sept.. .
80.095
.095
.100
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D e c ....
80.100
.100
.100
Average
80.0942
SILK: R a w , Italian, classical.
[Net cash price per pound in New York on the first of each month, quotations from the American
Silk Journal.]
Jan....... 83.9848-84.0590
Feb....... 3.9848- 4.0590
Mar .. .
3.9600
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
83.9105
3.9105
4.0590
J u ly ... 84.1085-84 2075
Aug . . . 4.1580- 4.2075
S ept. . . 4.3560- 4.4055
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
84.3560-84.4055
4.2075- 4.2570
4.0590- 4.1085
Average
84.1085
SILK: R a w , Japan, filatures, No. 1.
[Net cash price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the American
Silk Journal.]
Jan....... 84.0255-84.1225
Feb....... 3.8800- 3.9770
Mar . . . . 3.7830- 3.8800
Apr___ 83 7345-83.8073
M ay. . . 3.7345- 3.8073
June .. 3.8073- 3.9043
J u ly . . . 83.9770-84.0740
Aug . . . 4.0740- 4.1225
S ept. . . 4.2438- 4.2923
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
84.2438-84.2923
4.0740- 4.1225
3.8800- 3.9285
Average
83.9912
i
SUITINGS: Olay worsted diagonal, 12-ounce, Washington Mills.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
80.9900
.9900
.9900
A pr___
M ay...
June ..
80.9900
.9900
.9900
J u ly . . .
Aug .. .
S ep t. . .
a No sale during m onth.
80.9900
1.2375
1.2375
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
81.2375
1.2375
1.2375
Average
81.0931
415
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G —Continued.
SUITINGS: Clay worsted, diagonal, 16-ounce, Washington Mills.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$1.1700
1.1700
1\1700
A p r ....
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
#1.1700
1.1700
1.1700
Month.
Price.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
#1.1700
1.4850
1.4850
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
#1.4850
1.4850
1.4850
Average
#1.3013
SUITINGS: Indigo blue, all w ool, 54-inch, 14-ounce, Middlesex standard.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan. . . .
Feb.......
Mar —
#1.485
1.485
1.485
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
#1.485
1.530
1.530
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
#1.530
1.530
1.530
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec—
#1.676
1.575
1.620
Average
#1.530
SUITINGS: Indigo blue, all w ool, 16-ounce.
[Price per yard maintained generally throughout the year,
Represents bulk of sales.]
Year.
Price.
1905..............................................................................................................................................
#2.2785
SUITINGS: Serge, Washington Mills 6700.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
#0.8775
.8775
.8775
Month.
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
Price.
#0.8775
.9675
.9675
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
Price.
#0.9450
1.0350
1.0350
Month.
Price.
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
#1.0350
1.0350
1 0350
Average
#0.9638
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
#0.12
.12*
.13
Average
#0.1083
TICKINGS: Amoskeag A. C. A.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
#0.10*
.09*
.09*
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
#0.09*
.09*
.09*
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
#0.11*
.11*
.11*
TROUSERINGS: Fancy worsted, 21 to 22 ounce, all worsted warp and filling,
w ool and worsted bach.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
#2.1825
2.1825
2.1825
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
#2.2500
2.2500
2.2500
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
#2.2500
2.2500
2.2500
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
#2.2500
2.2500
2.2500
Average
#2.2331
416
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
C l iO T H S A N D C D O T H I N G — Continued.
UNDERWEAR: Shirts and. drawers, white, all w ool, full-fashioned, 18-gauge.
[Price per dozen garments on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$23.40
23.40
23.40
A pr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
$23.40
23.40
23.40
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
$23.40
23.40
23.40
Month.
Price.
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec.«...
$23.40
23.40
23.40
Average
$23.40
UNDERWEAR: Shirts and drawers, white, merino, full-fashioned, 60 per eent
w ool, 40 per cent cotton, 24-gauge*
[Price per dozen garments on the first o f each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$16.20
16.20
16.20
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$16.20
16.20
16.20
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$16.20
16.20
16.20
O ct___
Nov .. .
Dec—
$16.20
16.20
16.20
Average
$16.20
■WOMEN’ S DRESS GOODS: Cashmere, all w ool, 10-11 tw ill, 3 8-inch, Atlantic
Mills J.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ----
$0.3504
.3675
.3675
A p r!...
M a y ...
June ..
$0.3724
.3724
.3724
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
Sept. . .
$0.3724
.3724
.3724
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.3724
.3920
.3920
Average
$0.3730
WOMEN’ S DRESS GOODS: Cashmere, cotton warp, 9-tw ill, 4 -4 , Atlantic
Mills F*
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.1862
.1862
.1960
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.1960
.1960
.2058
Ju ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.2058
.2058
.2058
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.2058
.2156
.2156
Average
$0.2017
WOMEN’ S DRESS GOODS: Cashmere, cotton warp, 27-inch, Hamilton*
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.1029
.1029
.1029
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.1029
.1029
.1103
J u ly . . .
Aug ...
Sept. . .
$0.1103
.1103
.1103
O c t___
Nov .. .
Dec___
$0.1103
.1103
.1103
Average
$0.1072
WOMEN’S DRESS GOODS: Danish cloth, cotton warp and filling, 22-inch*
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.11*
.11*
.11*
Apr—
M a y ...
June ..
$0.11*
.11*
11*
J u ly . . .
A u g ...
Sept. ..
$0.11*
.11*
.11*
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.11*
.11*
•11*
Average
$0.1150
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
417
T a p ^b I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
C L O T H S A N D C L O T H I N G —Concluded.
WOMEN’ S DRESS GOODS: Franklin sackings, 6-4.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
*0.64*
.64*
.66*
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
*0.66*
.66*
.68*
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
Price.
*0.68*
.68*
.68*
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
*0.68*
.68*
.68*
Average
*0.6749
WOMEN’ S DRESS GOOJDS: Poplar cloth, cotton warp and. filling, 36-inch.
[Price per yard on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
*0.18*
.18*
.18*
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
*0.18*
.18*
.18*
J u ly ...
A u g...
Sept. . .
*0.18*
.18*
.19
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
*0.19
.19
.19
Average
*0.1867
WOOL: Ohio, fine fleece (X and X X grade), scoured.
[Price per pound in the eastern markets (Baltimore, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia) on the
first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
*0.7391
.7391
.7391
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
*0.7391
.7609
.7826
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
*0.7826
.7826
.7826
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dee___
*0.7609
.7609
.7391
Average
*0.7591
WOOL: Ohio, medium fleece (one-fourth and three-eighths grade), scoured.
[Price per pound in the eastern markets (Baltimore, Boston, New York, and Philadelphia) on the
first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
*0.5417
.5278
.5139
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
*0.5139
.5278
.5656
Ju ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
*0.5417
.6417
.5417
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
*0.5417
.5417
.5278
Average
*0.5348
WORSTED YARNS: 2-40s, Australian fine.
[Price per pound on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
*1.22*
1.22*
1.22*
Apr---M ay...
Ju ne...
*1.25
1.25
1.25
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
*1.25
1.26
1.25
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
*1.27*
1.27*
1.30
Average
*1.2525
WORSTED TARNS: 2-40s, X X X X or its equivalent in quality, white, in
skeins.
[Price per pound on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
*1.23
1.23
1.23
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
*1.23
1.25
1.25
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
*1.25
1.30
1.32
Oct —
Nov . . .
Dec___
*1.33
1.33
1.33
Average
*1.2733
418
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F U E Ii A N D
L IG H T IN G .
CANDLES: Adamantine, 6s, 14-ounce.
[Price per pound in*New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.09
.09
.081
Price.
$0,081
.081
.081
Month.
Price.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0,081
.081
.081
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0,081
.081
. 081
Average
$0.0858
COAL: Anthracite, broken.
[Average monthly selling price per ton, at tide water, New York Harbor.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$4.2341
4.2400
4.2102
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
$4.2080
4.2153
4.2089
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$4.2103
4.2091
4.2098
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
$4.2081
4.2133
4.1940
I
$4.2134
COAL: Anthracite, chestnut.
[Average monthly selling price per ton, at tide water, New York Harbor.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$4.9505
4.9508
4.9507
$4.4505
4.5440
4.6442
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$4.7380
4.8468
4.9493
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$4.9500
4.9480
4.9487
Average
$4.8226
COAL: Anthracite, egg.
[Average m onthly selling price per ton, at tide water, New York Harbor.]
Apr___
M ay.. .
June ..
$4.9538
4.9626
4.9534
$4.4511
4.5469
4.6407
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
$4.7438
4.8490
4.9488
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$4.9513
4.9452
4.9483
Average
$4.8246
COAL: Anthracite, stove.
[Average monthly selling price per ton, at tide water, New York Harbor.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
$4.9511
4.9565
4.950?
$4.4504
4.5404
4.6315
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$4.7417
4.8508
4.9496
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$4.9513
4.9501
4.9472
Average
$4.8226
COAL: Bituminous, Georges Creek.
[Price per ton at the mine on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$1.60
1.60
1.60
A pr___
M ay. . .
June...
$1.60
1.60
1.60
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.60
1.60
1.60
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$1.60
1.60
1.60
Average
$1.60
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
419
Table I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
F U E L A N D L I G H T I N G — Continued.
COAL: Bituminous, Georges Creek.
[Price per ton, f.' o. b. New York Harbor, on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
Month.
Price.
$3.15
3.15
3.15
Apr___
M ay . . .
J u n e...
Month.
Price.
$3.15
3.15
3.15
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Month.
Price.
$3.15
3.15
3.15
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$3.15
3.15
3.15
Average
$3.15
COAL: Bituminous, Pittsburg (Yougbiogbeny), lump.
[Price per bushel on Tuesday of each week, Cincinnati, afloat; quotations furnished by the
superintendent of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
Apr___
$0.08
.08
.08
.08
J u ly ...
$0.08
.08
.08
.08
M ay...
A u g ...
.08
.08
.08
.08
Ju n e...
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
Sept. . .
O ct---- '
|
Nov . . .
$0.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
.08
D ec___
.08
.08
.08
.08
Average
$0.0800
COKE: Connellsville, furnace.
[Contract price per ton, f. o. b. at the ovens, on tfie first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$2.10-82.25
2.75- 3.00
2.50
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
$2.25
1.90
1.90
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.75
$1.80- 1.85
1.90- 2.00
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$2.35-$2.60
2.90- 3.00
2.90
Average
$2.2875
MATCHES: Parlor, domestic.
[Price per gross of boxes (200s) in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the
Merchants’ Review.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.50
1.50
1.50
A p r ....
M ay . . .
June ..
$1.50
1.50
1.50
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.50
1.50
1.50
O c t---Nov . . .
Dec . . .
$1.50
1.50
1.50
Average
$1.50
PETROLEUM: Crude, Pennsylvania.
[Price per barrel at the wells on the first of each m onth; quotations from the Oil City Derrick.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.50
1.39
1.39
A p r ....
M ay...
June ..
$1.36
1.29
1.27
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.27
1.27
1.27
O c t ....
Nov . ..
Dec___
$1.51
1.61
1.68
Average
$1.3842
420
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OP LABOR.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
F T J E E A N D E I G H T H S 'G — Concluded.
PETROLEUM: Refined, in barrels, cargo lots, Tor export.
[Price per gallon, New York loading, on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and
Drug Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
Apr---M ay.. .
June ..
$0.0750
.0725
.0725
Price.
$0.0715
.0695
.0690
Month.
Price.
$0.0690
.0690
.0690
J u ly ...
Aug .. .
S ep t.. .
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . ..
D ec___
$0.0760
.0770
.0760
Average
$0.0722
PETROLEUMS Refined, 150° fire test, water white, in barrels, packages
included (jobbing lots).
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
/ $0,121
.121
.121
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0,121
.121
.121
$0,121
.121
.121
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec—
$0.18
.13
.13
Average
$0.1263
M E T A L S A N D IM P L E M E N T S .
AUGERS: Extra, f inch.
[Price per auger in New York on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
$0.24
.24
.32
Apr—
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
$0.32
.32
.32
Month.
Price.
•
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.32
.32
.32
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.32
.32
.32
Average
$0.3067
AXES: M. €. O., Yankee.
[Price per ax in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0,605
.605
.605
A pr---M ay...
Ju ne...
$0,605
.646
.646
J u ly . . .
Aug .. .
Sept. . .
$0,646
.646
.646
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
$0,646
.646
.646
Average
$0.6323
BAR IRON: Best refined, from mill.
[Average monthly price per pound in Pittsburg; quotations from the Bulletin of the American Iron
and Steel Association.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.0180
.0180
.0190
A pr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.0182
.0180
.0180
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
$0.0180
.0180
.0184
O ct---Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.0185
.0203
.0220
Average
$0.0187
421
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
M E T A L S A N D IM P E E M E N T T S — Continued.
BAR IRON: Best refined, from store.
[Average monthly price per pound in Philadelphia; quotations from the Bulletin of the American
Iron and Steel Association.]
Month.
J a n ,---Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
A pr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.0191
.0191
.0191
Price.
80.0191
.0191
.0191
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
Month.
Price.
Oct —
Nov .. .
D ec___
80.0191
.0196
.0196
Average
80.0192
80.0191
.0191
.0191
B A R B W I R E : Galvanized.
[Average m onthly price per hundred pounds in Chicago; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Apr___
M ay .. .
Ju ne...
82.35
2.40
2.40
82.40
2.40
2.40
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O ct___
Nov .. .
D ec___
82.40
2.40
2.40
Average
82.3829
82.40
2.32
2.32*
BUTTS.: Loose joint, east, 3 by 3 inch.
[Price per pair in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
80.04
.04
.04
80.04
.04
.04
J u ly . . .
Aug .. .
Sept. . .
80.04
.04
.04
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec—
80.04
.04
.04
Average
80.04
CHISELS: Extra, socket firmer, 1-incii.
[Price per chisel in New York on the first of each month.]
A p r ----M ay . . .
J u n e ...
80.300
.300
.416
80.416
.416
.416
J u ly .. .
Aug ...
S e p t.. .
O c t ___
N ov . . .
D e c ___
80.416
.416
.416
A verag e
80.3967
80.416
.416
.416
COPPER: Ingot, lake.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
J a n ___ 8 0 .1512*-80.1525
F e b ....
.1525 - .1537*
M ar . . .
.1525 - .1537*
A p r __ 80.1525-80.15371
.1500
M ay...
J u n e ...
.1500
J u ly . . .
A u g ....
S ep t...
80.1500
.1562*
.1625
O c t ___
N ov . . .
D e c ___
80.1662*
.1650
.1800
A vera g e
80.1576
COPPER: Sheet, liot-rolled (base sizes).
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.19
.19
.19
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
80.19
.19
.19
July . . .
A u g ....
S ep t.. .
80.19
.20
.21
O ct___
Nov . . .
D e c ....
80.21
.21
.23
Average
80.1992
422
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
M ETALS A N D
I M P L E M E N T S —Continued.
COPPER W I R E : Bare, No. 8, B. and. S. gauge, and heavier (base sizes).
[Price per pound, f. o. b. New York, on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
SO. 16*
.16*
.16*
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
Price.
SO. 16*
.16
.16
Month.
Month.
Price.
July . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
SO. 16*
.!7 *
•17&
Price.
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
SO. 17dj
.18*
.19*
Average
SO. 1702
DOORKNOBS: Steel, bronze plated.
[Price per pair in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
SO. 225
.375
.375
SO. 375
.375
.375
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
SO. 375
.375
.375
O c t___
Nov ...
Dec___
I
Average
SO. 375
.375
.375
SO. 3625
FILES: 8-inch m ill bastard, Nicholson.
[Price per dozen on the first of each m onth.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
SI. 03
1.03
1.03
A p r ....
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
SI. 03
1.03
1.03
J u ly ...
A u g...
S e p t...
SI. 03
1.04
1.04
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
SI. 05
1.05
1.05
Average
SI.0367
HAMMERS: Maydole No. 1*.
[Price per hammer in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
SO. 466
.466
.466
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
SO. 466
.466
.466
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
SO. 466
.466
.466
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___1
SO. 466
.466
.466
j
SO. 466
Average
LEAR: Pig, desilverized.
[Price per pound in New York, from store, on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Jan....... S0.0460-S0.0470
Feb....... .0445- .0450
Mar . . . . .0450- .0460
Apr___ SO.0450-S0.0460
M a y . . . .0450- . 0460
June .. .0450- .0460
J u ly . . . S0.0455-S0.0460
Aug . . . .0460- .0470
Sept. . . .0485- .0490
O c t---- 1 S0.0485-S0.0490
Nov ...;
.0520- .0540
D ec___{
.0590
Average
J
SO. 0479
LEAD PIPE.
[Price per hundred pounds, f. o. b. New York, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
S5.05
4.95
4.95
A pr___
M ay . . .
June ..
$5.00
5.00
5.00
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$5.00
5.10
5.35
O ct. . . .
Nov . . .
Dec___
$5.35
5.85
6.10
Average
$5.2250
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
423
T a b l e I __ W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
M ETALS AN D
I M P L E M E N T S —Continued.
LOCKS: Common mortise.
[Price per lock in New York on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
$0,090
.155
.155
Price.
$0,155
.155
.155
i Month.
Price.
$0,155
.155
.155
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
Sept.. .
Month.
1
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0,155
.155
.155
Average
$0.1496
NAILS: Cut, 8-penny, fence and. common.
[Price per 100-pound keg, f. o. b. Pittsburg, on the first of each month; quotations computed from
base prices published in the Iron Age. See explanation on pages 861 and 352.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
A p r ....
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
$1.85
$1.85- 1.90
1.90
$1.85-41.90
1.85- 1.90
1.90
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.85
$1.75- 1.80
1.70
O c t ....
Nov .. .
Dec___
$1.75
1.75
1.80
Average
$1,825
NAILS: Wire, 8-penny, fence and common.
[Price per 100-pound keg, f. o. b. Pittsburg, on the first of each month; quotations computed from
base prices published in the Iron Age. See explanation on pages 351 and 352.]
J a n ......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju n e...
$1.85
1.90
1.90
$1.90
1.90
1.90
J u ly ...!
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.90
1.90
1.90
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec----
$1.90
1.90
1.90
Average
$1.8958
PIG IRON: Bessemer.
[Average m onthly price per ton in Pittsburg; quotations from the Bulletin of the American Iron and
Steel Association.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Apr___
May . . .
Ju ne...
$16.72
16.20
16.35
$16.35
16.16
15.65
J u ly ...
Aug .. .
Sept. . .
$14.97
15.25
15.87
O ct___
Nov .. .
Dec___
$16.54
17.90
18.35
Average
$16.3592
1
PIG IRON: Foundry No. 1.
[Average monthly price per ton in Philadelphia; quotations from the Bulletin of the American Iron
"
and Steel Association.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$17.75
17.75
18.00
A pr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
$18.25
18.06
17.60
J u ly ... 1
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$17.19
17.25
17.25
O ct___
Nov .. .
Dec___
$17.87
18.65
19.00
Average
$17.8850
PIG IRON: Foundry No. 2, northern.
[Price per ton, f. o. b. Pittsburg, on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$17.35
16.85
16.85
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
$16.00-$16.25
16.60- 16.85
15.85- 16.35
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
$15.35
14.85
$15.10- 15.35
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$15.85-$l6.10
17.35
18.00- 18.36
Average
$16.4104
424
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
M E T A L S A N D I M P L E M E N T S —Continued.
PIG IRON: Gray forge, southern, coke.
[Price per ton, f. o. b. Cincinnati, on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Month.
J r n .......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
815.25
15.25
15.25
Month.
Price.
Month.
Apr___
M a y ...
Ju ne...
815.25-815.50
15.00- 15.25
13.75
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
Month.
813.00-813.25
13.00- 13.75
13.00- 13.50
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
813.50-814.00
14.75- 15.00
15.50
Average
814.4896
PLANES: Bailey No. 5.
[Price per plane in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
81.53
1.53
1.53
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
81.53
1.53
1.53
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
81.53
1.53
1.53
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
81.53
1.53
1.53
Average
81.53
QUICKSILVER.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
F e b .....
M a r ___
80.55
.55
.54
Apr___
M ay . . .
June...
80.53
.52
.54
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. ..
80.55 O ct___
.55* Nov . . .
.55 D ec___
80.55
.55
.55
Average
80.5446
SAWS: Crosscut, Disston No. 2, 6-foot.
[Price per saw to small jobbers, f. o. b. Philadelphia, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
F e b ....,
M a r ___
81.6038
1.6038
1.6038
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
81.6038
1.6038
1.6038
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept...
81.6038
1.6038
1.6038
!
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
81.6038
1.6038
1.6038
Average
81.6038
SAWS: Hand, Disston No. 7, 26-inch.
[Price per dozen to .small jobbers, f. o.„b, Philadelphia, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
812.60
12.60
12.60
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
812.60
12.60
12.60
J u ly ...
Aug .. .
Sept. . .
812.60
12.60
12.60
O ct___
Nov . . .
D e c ..:.
812.60
12.60
12.60
Average
812.60
SHOVlSliS: Ames No. 2, cast steel, D handle, square point, back strap, black.
[Price per dozen on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
87.62
7.62
7.62
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
87.62
7.62
7.62
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
87.62
7.62
7.62
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
87.62
7.62
7.62
Average
87.62
425
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
M E T A L S A N D I M P L E M E N T S —Continued.
SILVER: Bar, Hue.
[Average monthly price per ounce in New York; quotations furnished by the Director of the Mint.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
Month.
$0.61379
.61776
.68717
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
Price.
$0.57300
.58485
.59016
Month.
J u ly .. .
Aug .. .
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.59548
.60935
.62355
Month.
Price.
O c t---Nov .. .
D ec—
$0.62625
.64445
.65520
Average
$0.61008
SPELTER: Western.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Jan....... $0.0610-$0.0615
Feb....... .0620- .0630
Mar . . . . .0610- .0620
Apr___
$0.0600
M ay. . . $0.0575- .0580
June .. .0520- .0530
J u ly . . .
$0.0530
Aug . . . $0.0560- .0570
Sept.. . .0575- .0585
O ct___
N ov...
Dec___
$0.0600-$0.0610
.0615- .0625
.0640- .0650
Average
$0.0592
STEEL BILLETS.
[Average monthly price per ton at mills at Pittsburg; quotations from the Bulletin of the American
Iron and Steel Association.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$22.50
23.37
23.70
Apr---MTay. . .
June ..
$23.75
23.50
22.40
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$22.50
24.00
25.00
O fct....
Nov .. .
Dec___
$25.62
26.00
26. DO
Average
$24.0283
STEEL RAILS.
[Average monthly price per ton at mills in Pennsylvania; quotations from the Bulletin of the
American Iron and Steel Association.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$28.00
28.00
28.00
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$28.00
28.00
28.00
J u ly ...
A u g...
S e p t...
$28.00
28.00
28.00
O c t. . . .
Nov . . .
D ec___
$28.00
28.00
28.00
Average
$28.00
STEEL SHEETS: Black, No. 27* box annealed, one pass through cold rolls.
[Price per pound in Pittsburg on the first of each month, quotations from the Iron Age.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
$0.0220
.0220
.0220
A p r..*.
$0.0230
M ay . . .
.0230
June .. $0*0220- .0230
J u ly . . . $0.0215-$0.0220
Aug .. . .0220- .0225
Sept. . . .0220- .0225
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.0220-$0.0225
.0215
.0220
Average
$0.0222
TIN: Pig.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Jan....... $0.2905-$0.2915
Feb....... .2965- .3000
Mar . . . . .2860- .2875
Apr---- $0.3020 -$. 3037* J u ly . . . $0.3065-$0.3100
M ay. . . .3000 - .3030 Aug . . .
.3310
June .. .2987*- .3010 Sept. . .
.3270
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.3250
.3300
.3510
Average
$0.3127
426
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I * — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
M E T A L S A N D I M P L E M E N T S — Concluded.
TIN PLATES: Domestic, Bessemer, coke, 14 toy 20 luck.
[Price per 100 pounds in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron Age.]
Month.
Month.
Price.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$3.74
3.74
3.74
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
$3.74
3.74
3.74
Month.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
33.74
3.74
3.74
i1
Month.
Price.
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
33.74
3.49
3.59
Average
33.7067
TROWELS: JfE. C. O*, brick, lop-inch.
[Price per trowel in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
30.34
.34
.34
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
30.34
.34
.34
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
30.34
.34
.34
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
30.34
.34
.34
Average
30.34
VISES: Solid box, 50-pound.
[Price per vise in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
34.14
4.14
4.14
A p r...*
M ay. . .
June ..
34.14
4.14
4.14
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
34.14
4.14
4.14
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
34.14
4.14
4.14
Average
34.14
WOOD SCREWS: 1-inch, No. lO, flat head.
[Price per gross in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ----
30.1055
.1055
.1055
Apr___
M fiy ...
June ..
30.1055
.1055
.1055
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
30.1055
.1055
.1055
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
30.1055
.1055
.1055
Average
30.1055
ZINC: Sheet, ordinary numbers and sizes, packed in OOO-pound casks.
[Price per hundred pounds, f. o. b., La Salle, 111., on the first of each month.]
Ja n .......
Feb.......
Mar.......
36.90
6.90
6.90
A pr___
M ay . . .
Ju n e...
36.90
6.75
6.44
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
36.45
6.83
6.90
O c t___
Nov .. .
D ec___
36.90
6.90
7.13
Average
36.8250
L U M B E R A N D B U IL D IN G M A T E R IA L S .
BRICK: Common domestic building.
[Price per thousand on dock in New York from the first to the last of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Price.
37.75-38.25
9.00- 9.25
7.00- 9.25
Month.
A pr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
Price.
37.00-38.25
7.75- 8.50
6.75- 7.50
Month.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
Price.
37.25-37.50
7.50- 7.87|
7.50
Month.
Price.
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
37,75- 37.87*
8.00- 9.50
9.50- 10.50
Average
38.1042
427
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
L U M B E R A N D B U I L D I N G M A T E R I A L S — Continued.
carbonate:
OF LEAD: American, in oil.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Month.
Month.
Price.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.0613
.0613
.0613
Price.
$0.0613
.0613
.0613
Month.
Price.
$0.0613
.0613
.0662
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.0662
.0686
.0686
Average
$0.0633
OEJHENT: Portland, domestic.
[Price per barrel in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.26-$1.40
1.30- 1.35
1.30- 1.35
A p r ....
M ay...
Ju ne...
$1.40
$L40- 1.50
1.45- 1.50
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
$1.45-$1.50
1.45- 1.50
1.45
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$1.45
1.45
$1.50- 1.55
Average
$1.4271
CENENT: Rosendale.
[Price per barrel in New Y ork on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.70-40.75
.80- .85
.80
Apr___
M a y ...
Ju n e...
$0.85
.85
.85
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S e p t...
O ct___
N o v ...
Dec___
$0.85
.85
.85
Average
$0.8333
$0.85
.85
.85
DOORS: Western white pine, 2 feet 8 inches by 6 feet 8 inches, 1} inches thick,
5-panel, No. 1, O. ©•
[Price per door in Buffalo on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.71
1.71
1.71
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
$1.71
1.71
2.07
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$2.07
2.07
2.07
O c t___ :
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
$2.07
1.57
1.57
$1.8367
HElfILOCK: 2 b y 4 inch, 1 2 to 14 feet long, Pennsylvania stock.
[Price per M feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$17.00
17.00
17.00
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
$17.00
17.50
17.50
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
$17.50
18.00
18.00
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$19.00
19.00
20.00
Average
$17.8760
LUKE: Pastern, common.
[Price per barrel in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.85-$0.87
.85- .87
.85- .87
Apr___
M ay...
Ju n e...
$0.85-$0.87
.85- .87
.87
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.92
.92
.92
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
428
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
L U M B E R A N D B U I L D I N G M A T E R I A L S — Continued.
LINSEED OIL: R aw 9 city, in barrels.
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
#0.43
.43
.47
Month.
Apr___
May .. .
Ju ne...
Price.
$0.47
.48
.50
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.50
.52
.54
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.45
.42
.40
Average I
$0.4675
MAPLE: Hard, 1-inch, firsts and seconds, 6 inches and up wide.
[Price per M feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
M ar-----
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$28.00-$30.00
28.00- 30.00
28.00- 30.00
$30.00-$32.00
30.00- 32.00
30.00- 32.00
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$30.00-$32.00
30.00- 32.00
30.00- 32.00
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$30.00-$32.00
30.00- 32.00
30.00- 32.00
Average
$30.50
OAK: White, plain, 1-inch, 6 inches and up wide.
[Price per M feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar —
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$44.00-$46.00
45.00- 48.00
45.00- 48.00
$45.00-$48.00
45.00- 48.00
47.00- 49.00
J u ly .. .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$47.00-$49.00
47.00- 49.00
47.00- 49.00
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec—
$46.00-$50.00
47.00- 50.00
47.00- 50.00
Average
$47.3333
OAK: White, quartered, clear and good seconds, 1-inch, 6 inches and up
wide, 12 to 16 feet long.
[Price per M feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan. - . . .
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$80.00-$83.00
80.00- 83.00
80.00- 83.00
$80.00-$83.00
80.00- 83.00
80.00- 83.00
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$77. Q0-$80.00
77.00- 80.00
77.00- 80.00
O c t---Nov . . .
D ec___
$77.00-S80.00
79.00- 81.00
79.00- 81.00
Average
$80.25
OXIDE OF ZINC: American, extra dry.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0,041 Apr___
.041 M ay. . .
.041 June ..
$0,041 July . . .
.041 Aug . . .
.041 Sept. . .
$0,041 O c t ....
.041 Nov .. .
.041 D ec___
$0,041
.041
.04J
Average
$0.0465
PINE: White, boards, No. 2 barn, 1 inch by lO inches wide, rough.
[Price per M feet in Buffalo on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M * r . ...
$23.00
23.00
23.00
A pr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$ 23.00
23.00
24.00
J u ly . . .
A u g ...
S e p t...
$24.00
24.00
24.50
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$24.50
Average
$ 24.75
30.50
30.50
429
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I . — WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
L U M B E R A N D B U I L D I N G M A T E R I A L S — Continued.
PINE: White, hoards, uppers, 1-inch, 8 incites and. up wide, rough.
[Price per M feet in Buffalo on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Price.
682.00
82.00
82.00
Month.
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
Price.
682.00
82.00
82.00
Month.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
682.00
82.00
82.00
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
682.00
85.50
85.50
Average
682.5833
PINE: Y ellow , long leaf, hoards, heart-face sidings, 1-inch and l*-inch*
[Price per M feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
621.50-622.50
21.50- 22.50
21.50- 22.50
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
621.50-622.50
21.50- 22.50
26.00- 28.00
J u ly ...
A u g...
Sept. . .
626.00-628.00
26.00- 28.00
26.00- 28.00
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
626.00-628.00
26.00- 28.00
26.00- 28.00
Average
624.9167
PLATE GLASS: Polished, unsilvered, area 3 to 5 square feet*
[Price per square foot, f. o. b. New York, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
60.20^
.20*
.20*
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
60.22*
.22*
.22*
J u ly ...
A ug...
S e p t...
60.22*
.22*
.25
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
60.30
.30
.30
Average
60.2408
PLATE GLASS: Polished, unsilvered, area 5 to 10 square feet*
[Price per square foot, f. o. b. New York, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
60.32*
.32*
.32*
A p r ....
M ay. . .
June ..
60.36
.36
.36
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S e p t...
60.36
.36
.41
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec-----
60.43
.43
.43
Average
60.3729
POPLAR: Y ellow , 1-inch, 8 inches and up wide, firsts and seconds, rough*
[Price per M feet in New York on the first o f each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
647.00-650.00
47.00- 50.00
47.00- 50.00
Apr___
M ay...
J u n e...
647.00-650.00
47.00- 50.00
47.00- 49.00
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
647.00-649.00
47.00- 49.00
47.00- 49.00
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
647.00-649.00
47.00- 49.00
47.00- 49.00
Average
648.2083
PU TTY: Bulk*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint-, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
60.0105
.0105
.0105
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju n e...
5929— No. 63—06----- 7
60.0105
.0105
.0105
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
60.0110
.0110
.0110
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
60.0115
.0115
.0115
Average
60.0109
430
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I*— W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
LUM BER A N D
B U IL D IN G
M A T E R I A L S — Continued.
RESIN: Common to goody strained.
[Price per barrel in New Y ork on the first o f each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$2.82*
2.87*
2,90
Apr___
May .. .
Ju ne...
Month.
Price.
$3.00
3.25
4.10
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
$3.60
3.60
3.70
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D e c ....
$3.85
$4.10- 4.15
3.25
Average
$3.4229
SHINGLES: Cypress, all heart* 5 and 6 incites wide* 16 incites long.
[Price per M, f. o. b. mills, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$2.60
2.60
2.60
Apr___
M ay . . .
Ju ne...
$2.60
2.60
2.60
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$2.85
2.85
2.85
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$2.85
2.85
2.85
Average
$2,725
SHINGLES: Michigan white pine, 16 inches long* X X X X .
[Price per M in Buffalo on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber Trade
Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$3.50
3.50
3.50
Apr___
M!ay. . .
J u n e...
$3.50
3.50
3.50
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$3.50
3.50
3.50
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec-----
$3.50
3.50
3.50
Average
$3.50
SPRUCES: 6 to 9 inch* cargoes.
[Price per M feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Lumber
Trade Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$19.50-$21.50
19.50- 21.50
19.50- 21.50
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
$19.50-$21.50
19.50- 21.50
19.50- 21.50
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$19- 50-$21.50
20.00- 23.00
21.00- 24.00
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$21.00-$24.00
22.00- 25.00
22.00- 25.00
Average
$21.4167
TAR .
[Price per barrel in Wilmington, N. C., on the first of each month; quotations from the New York
Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.60
1.60
1.60
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$1.70
1.80
1.80
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.80
2.00
1.80
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec-----
$1.80
1.80
1.80
Average
$1.7583
TURPESNT1NES: Spirits of* in machine barrels.
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.53
.56
$0.53*- .54
A pr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.61
.60*
$0.77*- ,78
Ju ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.60
$0.60*- .61
.64*
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.69-$0.69*
.71*
.65
Average
$0.6276
431
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
LUM BER A N D
B U IL D IN G
M A T E R I A L S — Concluded.
WINDOW GLASS: American, single, firsts, 25-inch bracket (6 by 8 to lO by 15
inch).
[Price per 50 square feet in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and
Drug Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
Apr---M ay. . .
June ..
$2.7200
2.7200
2.5600
Price.
$2.5600
2.6000
2.6000
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
$2.6000
3.2500
2.9250
Month.
Price.
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
$2.9250
2.9250
2.7788
Average
$2.7637
WINDOW GLASS: American, single, thirds, 25-inch bracket (6 by 8 to lO by
15 inch).
[Price per 50 square feet in New York on the first of each m onth; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and
Drug Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
$2.1250
2.1250
2.0000
$2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
J u ly ...
A u g ...
S e p t...
$2.0000
2.5000
2.2500
O c t ....
Nov .. .
Dec___
$2.2500
2.2500
2.1375
Average
$2.1365
D R U G S A N D C H E M IC A L S .
ALCOHOL: Grain, 94 per cent.
[Price per gallon, rebate deducted, in New York on the first of each m onth; quotations from the Oil,
Paint, and Drug Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
$2.40
2.38
2.38
Price.
$2.38
2.38
2.41
Month.
J u ly ...
A u g ...
Sept. . .
Price.
$2.43
2.43
2.47
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$2.49
2.49
2.49
Average
$2.4275
ALCOHOL: W ood, refined, 95 per cent.
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.60
.60
.60
Apr___
M a y ...
J u n e...
$0.70
.70
.70
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.70
.70
.70
O c t___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.70
.70
.70
Average
$0.6750
ALUM: Lump.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.0175
.0175
.0175
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$0.0175
.0175
.0175
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
$0.0175
.0175
.0175
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.0175
.0175
.0175
Average
$0.0175
432
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
Table I* — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
D R U G S A N D C H E M I C A L S — Concluded.
BRIMSTONE: Crude, seconds*
[Price per ton in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$21.45
21.45
21.45
Price.
Apr---M ay. . .
June ..
$20.90
20.75
20.70
Month.
Month.
Price.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec—
$22.12*
22.12*
22.25
Average
$21.2667
$20.25
19.75
22.00
GLYCERIN: Refined, chemically pure, in bulk*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.13
.13
.13
Apr---M ay . . .
June ..
$0.12*
.12*
.12*
J u ly ...
A u g ...
Sept. . .
$0.12*
.12*
.12
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dee—
$0.12
.11*
.11*
Average
$0.1238
MURIATIC ACID: 20°.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.0160
.0160
.0160
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$0.0160
.0160
.0160
J u ly ...
A ug...
Sept. . .
$0.0160
.0160
.0160
O c t---Nov . . .
Dec----
$0.0160
.0160
.0160
Average
$0.0160
OPIUM: Natural, in cases*
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M.ar----
$2.72* Apr___
2.85 M & y . . .
2.97* June ..
$2.95 J u ly ...
2.87* A u g ...
2.95 S e p t...
$3.00
3.15
3.30
Oct . . .
Nov . . .
Dec . . .
$3.30
3.20
3.12*
Average
$3.0333
QUININE: American, in lOO-ounce tins*
[Price per ounce in New York on the first o f each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan___
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.23
.23
.23
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.23
.21
.20
J u ly ...
A ug...
S ept. . .
$0.20
.20
.20
O c t---Nov . . .
Dec . . .
$0.20
.20
.19
Average
$0.2100
SULPHURIC ACID: 66°.
[Price per pound in New Y ork on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.0130
.0130
.0130
Apr..
M ay.
June
$0.0130
.0130
.0130
July
Aug
Sept
$0.0110
.0120
.0120
O c t.
Nov
Dec.
Average
$0.0120
.0120
.0120
$0.0124
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
433
T a b l e I __ W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
HOUSE EUENTISHING GOODS.
EARTH EN W ARE: Plates, cream-colored, 7-incli.
[Price per dozen, f. o. b. Trenton, N. J., on the first of each m onth.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
Month.
Price.
80.4410
.4410
.4410
Apr---M ay...
June ..
Price.
80.4410
.4410
.4410
Month.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Price.
80.4410
.4410
.4410
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
80.4410
.4410
.4410
Average
80.4410
EARTHENtVARE: Plates, white granite, 7-incli.
[Price per dozen, f. o. b. Trenton, N. J., on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
80.4586
.4586
.4686
A p r ;...
M ay. . .
June ..
80.4586
.4586
.4586
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
80.4586
.4586
.4586
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
80.4586
.4586
.4586
Average
80.4586
EARTHEN W ARE: Teacups and saucers, white granite, w ith handles.
[Price per gross (6 dozen cups and 6 dozen saucers), f. o. b. Trenton, N. J., on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
83.3869
3.3869
3.3869
A pr___
M ay . . .
June ..
83.3869
3.3869
3.3869
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
83.3869
3.3869
3.3869
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
83.3869
3.3869
3.3869
Average
83.3869
FURNITURE: Redroom sets, ash, 3 pieces, bedstead, bureau, and washstand.
[Price per set in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
812.25
12.25
12.25
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
812.25
12.25
12.25
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
812.25
12.25
12.25
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec—
812.25
12.25
13.50
Average
812.3542
FURNITURE: Chairs, bedroom, maple, cane seat.
[Price per dozen in New York on the first of each month.]
88.00
8.00
8.00
A pr___
M ay...
June ..
88.00
8.00
8.00
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
88.00
8.00
8.00
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
88.00
8.00
8.00
Average
88.00
FURNITURE: Chairs, kitchen, common spindle*
[Price per dozen in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
84.75
4.75
4.75
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
84.75
4.75
4.75
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
84.75
4.75
4.75
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
Average
84.75
434
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
H O U S E F U R N I S H I N G G O O D S — Continued.
FURNITURE: Tables, kitchen, 3i-foot.
[Price per dozen in New York on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$15.60
15.60
15.60
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
$15.60
15.60
15.60
Month.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
Price.
$15.60
15.60
15.60
Month.
Price.
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$15.60
15.60
15.60
Average
$15.60
GLASSWARE: Nappies, 4-inch*
[Price per dozen, f . o. b. factory, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
Mar . . . .
$0.14
.14
.14
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.14
.14
.14
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.14
.14
.14
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.14
.14
.14
Average
$0.14
OIaASS WARE2: Pitchers, one-half gallon, common*
[Price per dozen, f. o. b. factory, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
F eb.......
M a r ___
$1.05
1.05
1.05
Apr___
May . . .
Ju ne...
$1.05
1.05
1.05
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.05
1.05
1.05
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$1.05
1.05
1.05
Average
$1.05
GLASSWARE: Tumblers, table, one-third, pint, common*
[Price per dozen, f. o. b. factory, on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.15
.15
.15
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$0.15
.15
.15
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.15
.15
.15
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.15
.15
.15
Average
$0.15
TABLE CUTLERY: Carvers, stag handles*
[Price per pair on the first of each month ]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.75
.75
.75
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
$0.75
.75
.75
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.75
.75
.75
O c t___
Nov .. .
Dec—
$0.75
.75
.75
Average
$0.75
TABI jE) CUTLERY: Knives and forks, cocoboio handles, metal bolsters*
[Price per gross on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$6.75
6.75
6.75
Apr___
M ay . . .
J u n e...
$6.75
6.75
6.75
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$6.75
6.75
6.75
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$6.75
6.75
6.00
Average
$6.6875
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
Table I .—W HOLESALE
435
PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Continued.
H O U S E F U R N I S H I N G G O O D S — Concluded.
WOODEN W AR E: Palls, oak-grained, 3-hoop, wire ear.
[Price per dozen in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
! Month.
Price.
$1.70
1.70
1.70
Apr___
M ay. . .
J u n e...
Price.
$1.70
1.70
1.70
Month.
Price.
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$1.70
1.70
1.70
1Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$1.70
1.70
1.70
Average
$1.70
WOODEN W A R E : Tubs, oak-grained, 3 in nest.
[Price per nest of 3 in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$1.45
1.45
1.45
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
$1.45
1.45
1.45
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
$1.45
1.45
1.45
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$1.45
1.45
1.45
Average
$1.45
M I S C E E I iA N E O U S .
COTTON-SEED MEAL.
[Price per ton of 2,000 pounds in New York on the first of each month.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
$26.10
25.25
26.10
Apr___
M ay...
June ..
Price.
$25.85
26.00
26.00
Month.
Price.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$25.75
26.50
26.95
Month.
Price.
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$26.60
26.60
28.60
Average
$26.3583
COTTON-SEED OIL: Summer yellow, prime.
[Price per gallon in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0,221
.24
.261
A p r ....
M a y ...
June ..
$0.26
.261
.29
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0,271
.30
.281
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.26
.28
.281
Average
$0.2696
JUTE: Raw;, NT-double triangle, shipment, medium grades.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0,031
.041
.041
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$0.04f
.04
.031
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
$0.03#
.031
.031
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
$0,031
.041
.04#
Average
$0.0398
MALT: Western made.
[Price per bushel in New York on the last of each month; quotations from the Brewers’ Journal.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.58-$0.66
.58- .63
.58- .63
Apr___
M iiy. . .
June ..
$0.58-$0.63
.58- .63
.58- .64
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.58-$0.64
.58- .64
.58- .66
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
$0.60-$0.68
.60- .65
.60- .65
Average
$0.6150
436
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T a b l e I . — W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
M I 8 C E I 1L AN TEO IJ S— Continued.
PAPER: Mews, wood.
[Price per pound in New York on the first o f each m onth; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Month.
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Month.
Price.
30.02*-30.03
.021- .03
.02*- .03
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
Price.
30.02*-30.03
.02 - .021
.02 - .021
Month.
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
Price.
30.02-$0.021
.02- .021
.02- .021
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec—
30.02-30.021
.02- .021
.02- .021
Average
30.0242
PAPER: Wrapping, manila, No. 1, jute.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
30.05-30.051
.05- .051
.05- .051
30.05-30.051
.05- .051
.05- .051
J u ly ...
A u g...
Sept. . .
30.05-30.051 ; O ct---.05- .051 Nov . . .
.05- .051 Dec___
30.05-30.051
.05- .051
.05- .051
Average
30.0525
PROOF SPIRITS.
[Price per gallon, including tax, in Peoria, 111., weekly range; quotations furnished by the secretary
of the Peoria Board of Trade.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
31.231
1.231
1.23
1.221
1.221 M ay. . .
1.221
1.221
1.221
1.221 June . . .
1.221
1.221
1.221
31.221
1.221
1.221
1.221
1.221
1.221
1.221
1.221
1.26
1.26
1.26
1.26
1.27
J u l y . ..1
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
31.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.27
1.28
1.28
1.28
1.29
1.29
1.29
O c t ....
31.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
Nov . . .
Dec----
i.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
Average
31.2616
ROPE: H anila, X
7
B-Incli and larger.
[Price per pound, f. o. b. New York or factory, on the first of each month; quotations from the Iron
Age.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
30.llf-30.12
.111- .12
.111- .12
30.111-30.12
.111- .12
.11*- .12
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
30. ll*-30.12
.11*- .12
.11*- .12
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
30.12
.12*
.12*
Average
30.1195
RU BB ER : Para Island, new.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the New York Journal of
Commerce and Commercial Bulletin.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
31.12-31.13
1.21- 1.22
1.25- 1.26
i
31.28
31.28- 1.29
1.32- 1.33
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
31.27-31.28
1.24r- 1.25
1.26- 1.27
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
31.25-31.26
1.18
1.20- 1.21
Average
31.2425
437
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I . — W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905— Concluded.
M I S C E X iliA lN E O U S —Concluded.
SOAP: Castile, mottled, pure.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Oil, Paint, and Drug
Reporter.!
Month.
Jan.......
Peb.......
M a r ___
Price.
$0.06*
.06*
.06*
Month.
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
Price.
$0.06*
.06*
.06*
Month.
Ju ly . . .
A u g...
Sept. . .
Price.
$0.06*
.06*
.06*
Month.
Price.
O c t ....
N ov...
D ec___
$0.06*
.06*
.06*
Average
$0.0650
STARCH: Laundry, Austin, Nichols & Co., 40-pound boxes, in bulk.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.03*
.03*
.03*
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
$0.03*
.03*
.03*
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.03*
.03*
.03*
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
Average
TOBACCO: Plug, Horseshoe.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.49
.49
.49
Apr___
M a y ...
Ju ne...
$0.49
.49
.49
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.49
.49
.49
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
$0.49
.49
.49
Average
$0.49
TOBACCO: Smoking, granulated, Seal o f North Carolina.
[Price per pound in New York on the first of each month; quotations from the Merchants’ Review.]
Jan.......
Feb.......
M a r ___
$0.60
.60
.60
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
$0.60
.60
.60
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
$0.60
.60
.60
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec----
$0.60
.60
.60
Average
$0.60
488
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF LABOB,
T able
I I . — BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), AND M O N TH LY
ACTUAL AND R E L A T IV E PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Farm products.
Month.
Barley: by
sample.
Cattle: steers, Cattle: steers,
choice to extra. good to choice.
Price Rela Price
per
tive
per
bushel. price. 100 lbs.
Average, 1890-1899. 30.4534
J a n ..........................
.4738
F e b .........................
.4631
M ar..........................
.4710
A p r ..........................
.4775
May..........................
.4875
Ju n e........................
.4930
J u ly ........................
.4963
Aug..........................
.4575
Sept.........................
.4910
O c t ..........................
.4913
N ov ..........................
.5100
D e c .........................
.5040
Average, 1905.........
.4850
100.0
104.5
102.1
103.9
105.3
107.5
108.7
109.5
100.9
108.3
108.4
112.5
111.2
107.0
$5.3203
6.0125
5.9375
6.0350
6.5813
6.2400
5.9313
5.7375
5.8400
5.8813
5.8375
5.8550
5.7000
5.9678
Corn: No. 2,
cash.
Cotton: upland,
middling.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
Rela Price
Rela Price
per
tive
per
tive
per
100 lbs. price. bushel. price. pound.
100.0
113.0
111.6
113.4
123.7
117.3
111.5
107.8
109.8
110.5
109.7
110.1
107.1
112.2
34.7347
5.2188
5.1125
5.4450
5.9813
5.5800
5.3250
5.1688
5.2050
5.0188
4.9063
4.8150
4.8125
5.2192
100.0 30.3804
110.2
.4290
108.0
.4444
115.0
.4750
126.3
.4794
117.9
.5230
112.5
.5466
109.2
.5716
109.9
.5435
106.0
.5288
103.6
.5208
101.7
.4763
101.6
.4706
110.2 . .5010
100.0 30.07762
112.8
.07150
116.8
.07775
124.9
.08088
126.0
.07913
137.5
.08280
143.7
.08988
150.3
.11125
.10920
142.9
139.0
.10813
136.9
.10360
125.2
.11463
123.7
.12138
131.7
.09553
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
92.1
100.2
104.2
101.9
106.7
115.8
143.3
140.7
139.3
133.5
147.7
156.4
123.1
Farm products.
Month.
Flaxseed:
No. 1.
Hides: green,
Hay: timothy, salted, packers,
No. 1.
heavy native
steers.
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
per
tive
bushel. price. per ton. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899. 31.1132
J a n .......................... 1.1875
F e b ......................... 1.1950
M ar.......................... 1.3025
A p r .......................... 1.3050
May.......................... 1.3250
J u n e ........................ 1.3850
July.......................... 1.3400
A u g .......................... 1.3300
Sept.......................... 1.0900
Oct...........................
.9800
N o v ..........................
.9650
D e c ..........................
.9700
Average, 1905......... 1.1979
100.0 310.4304
106.7 11.2000
107.3 11.5000
117.0 11.4375
117.2 11.5000
119.0 11.5000
124.4 10.8750
120.4 10.8125
119.5 11.6500
97.9 10.9375
88.0 10.9000
86.7 11.5000
87.1 11.2500
107.6 11.2596
100.0
107.4
110.3
109.7
110.3
110.3
104.3
103.7
111.7
104.9
104.5
110.3
107.9
107.9
30.0937
.1380
.1349
.1300
.1311
.1345
. 1342
.1413
.1525
.1519
.1534
.1566
.1577
.1430
100.0
147.3
144.0
138.7
139.9
143.5
143.2
150.8
162.8
162.1
163.7
167.1
168.3
152.6
Hogs: heavy.
Hogs: light.
Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
per
tive
100 lbs. price. 100 lbs. price.
34.4123
4.7175
4.9750
5.2281
5.5250
5.3850
5.4125
5.6469
5.9700
5.5563
5.2125
4.8313
5.0063
5.2913
100.0
106.9
112.8
118.5
125.2
122.0
122.7
128.0
135.3
125.9
118.1
109.5
113.5
119.9
34.4206
4.6350
4,8875
5.1281
5.4125
5.3550
5.4250
5.7750
6.2050
5.6875
5.3825
4.8706
5.0188
5.3213
100.0
104.9
110.6
116.0
122.4
121.1
122.7
130.6
140.4
128.7
121.8
110.2
113.5
120.4
Farm products.
Month.
Hops: N. Y.,
choice.
Oats: cash.
Rye: No. 2,
cash.
Sheep: native.
Sheep: west
ern.
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
per ■ tive
per
tive
per
tive
per
tive
pound. price. bushel. price. bushel. price. 100 lbs. price. 100 lbs. price.
Average, 1890-1899. 30.1771
J a n ........................
.3600
F e b ..........................
.3500
M ar..........................
.3050
A p r ..........................
.2800
M ay..........................
.2800
J u n e........................
.2800
July..........................
.2650
A u g ..........................
.2550
Sept..........................
.2250
Oct...........................
.2050
N o v ..........................
.2050
D e c ..........................
.1975
Average, 1905.........
.2673
100.0
203.3
197.6
172.2
158.1
158.1
158.1
149.6
144.0
127.0
115.8
115.8
111.5
150.9
30.2688
.3015
.3074
.3094
' .3028
.3051
.3185
.3244
.2649
.2660
.2901
.2988
.3077
.2990
100.0
112.2
114.4
115.1
112.6
113.5
118.5
120.7
98.5
99.0
107.9
111.2
114 5
111.2
30.5288
.7500
.7550
.7833
.7713
.7640
.7500
(a)
.5878
..6488
.6955
.6919
.6675
.7113
100.0
141.8
142.8
148.1
145.9
144.5
141.8
111.2
122.7
131.5
130.8
126.2
134.5
aNo quotation for month.
33.7580
4.8900
5.2688
5.4125
5.2125
4.8350
4.8188
4.9250
4.8650
4.6875
5.0300
5.2313
5.6063
5.0529
100.0
130.1
140.2
144.0
138.7
128.7
128.2
131.1
129.5
124.7
133.8
139.2
149.2
134.5
33.9541
5.3150
5.4000
5.5063
5.2125
4.7850
4.6875
5.0375
5.0100
4.6688
5.0250
4.7750
5.5813
5.0798
100.0
134.4
136.6
139.3
131.8
121.0
118.5
127.4
126.7
118.1
127.1
120.8
141.2
128.5
439
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T
able
I I .—
BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), E TC .—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Farm products.
Month.
Wheat: con
tract, cash.
Food, etc.
Beans: me
dium, choice.
Bread: crack
ers, Boston.
Bread: crack
Bread: loaf
ers, soda.
(Wash.market).
Price Rela
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela per
lb.
per
per
tive
per
tive
tive
per
tive
tive
before price.
bushel. price. bushel. price. pound. price. pound. price. baking.
Average, 1890-1899 . $0.7510
J a n .........................
1.1851
F e b .........................
1.1889
M ar.........................
1.1533
A p r .........................
1.1000
May.......................... 1.0108
Ju n e........................ 1.0847
July.......................... 1.0394
A u g ..........................
.9029
Sept..........................
.8486
Oct...........................
.8778
N ov ..........................
.8770
D e c ..........................
.8727
Average, 1905......... 1.0104
100.0
157.8
158.3
153.6
146.5
134.6
144.4
138.4
120.2
113.0
116.9
116.8
116.2
134.5
$1.6699
1.8500
2.1000
2.3125
2.2250
2.1000
2.1000
2.2000
2.2375
2.2375
2.2375
2.0000
2.2000
2.1500
100.0
110.8
125.8
138.5
133.2
125.8
125.8
131.7
134.0
134.0
134.0
119.8
131.7
128.8
$0.0673
.0800
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0892
100.0
118.9
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
132.5
$0.0718
.0650
.0700
.0700
.0700
.0700
.0700
.0700
.0700
.0700
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0683
100.0
90.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
90.5
90.5
90.5
95.1
$0.0354
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
100.0
100.6
100.6
100.6
•400.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
Food, etc.
Month.
Butter: cream Butter: cream Butter: dairy,
Bread: loaf,
Bread: loaf,
ery, Elgin
homemade
ery, extra
New York
Vienna (N. Y.
(N. Y. market).
(Elgin market). (N. Y. market).
State.
market).
Price
Price
per
Rela
per
Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
per
per
pound tive
tive
tive
tive
pound tive
before price. before price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
baking.
baking.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.0317 100.0
J a n .........................
.0376 118.6
F e b .........................
.0376 118.6
M ar.........................
.0376 118.6
A p r .........................
.0376 118.6
M a y ..................................
.0376 118.6
.0376 118.6
J u n e........................
July.........................
.0376 118.6
A u g .........................
.0376 118.6
Sept.........................
.0376 118.6
Oct...........................
.0376 118.6
N ov .........................
.0376 118.6
D e c ..........................
.0376 1 118.6
Average, 1905.........
.0376 1118.6
$0.0352
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
100.0
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
$0.2170
.2900
.3250
.2750
.2913
.2270
.2000
.2000
.2088
.2088
.2180
.2350
.2450
.2429
100.0
133.6
149.8
126.7
134.2
104.6
92.2
92.2
96.2
96.2
100.5
108.3
112.9
111.9
$0.2242 100.0
.2935 130.9
. 3275 146.1
.2856 127.4
.3081 137.4
.2368 105.6
.2053
91.6
.2075
92.6
. 2138
95.4
.2097
93.5
99.5
. 2230
.2388 106.5
.2447 109.1
.2489 111.0
$0.2024
.2675
.2925
.2613
.2919
.2300
.1969
.1975
.2050
.2006
.2120
.2294
.2281
.2339
100.0
132.2
144.5
129.1
144.2
113.6
97.3
97.6
101.3
99.1
104.7
113.3
112.7
115.6
Fo»d, etc.
Month.
Cheese: N. Y.
full cream.
Coffee: Rio
No. 7.
Rela Price
Price
Rela
per
per
tive
tive
pound. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.0987
J a n ..........................
. 1195
F e b .........................
.1294
M ar.........................
.1369
A p r .........................
.1400
May.........................
.1155
Ju n e........................
.0938
July.........................
.0981
A ug.........................
.1105
Sept..........................
.1191
Oct...........................
.1215
.1375
N o v ..........................
D e c ..........................
.1375
.1212
Average, 1905.........
100.0
121.1
131.1
138.7
141.8
117.0
95.0
99.4
112.0
120.7
123.1
139.3
139.3
122.8
$0.1313
.0900
.0869
.0788
. 0775
.0794
.0794
.0781
.0856
.0894
.0869
.0831
.0831
.0832
100.0
68.5
66.2
60.0
59.0
60.5
60.5
59.5
65.2
68.1
66.2
63.3
63.3
63.4
Eggs: new-laid, Fish: cod, dry,
fancy, near-by. bank, large.
Fish: herring,
shore, round.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela Price
Rela Price
per
tive
per
tive
price. quintal. price. barrel.
$0.1963
.3430
.3413
.2144
.1981
.1990
.2000
.2219
.2500
.2638
.3010
.3613
.3588
.2712
100.0
174.7
173.9
109.2
100.9
101.4
101.9
113.0
127.4
134.4
153.3
184.1
182.8
138.2
aNo quotation for month.
$5.5849
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.2500
7.7500
7.8750
7.8750
7.3958
100.0
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
138.8
141.0
141.0
132.4
$3.7763
6.5000
6.7500
5.5000
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
172.1
178.7
145.6
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
(a)
6.0000
5.7500
5.7500
5.7500
6.0000
158.9
152.3
152.3
152.3
158.9
440
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I I . — BASE PEICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Food, etc.
Fish: macker Fish: salmon,
canned.
el, salt, large 3s.
Month.
Average, 1890-1899..
J a n ..........................
F e b ..........................
M ar..........................
A p r ..........................
May.........................
Ju n e........................
A u g ..........................
Sept..........................
O c t ..........................
N ov ..........................
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905.........
Flour: buck
wheat.
Flour: rye.
Flour: wheat,
spring patents.
Price
per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per 12
cans.
Rela Price Rela Price
per
tive per 100 tive
price. pounds. price. barrel.
Rela Price
per
tive
price. barrel.
$14.1306
16.0000
15.0000
15.0000
14.5000
14.0000
14.0000
12.5000
13.0000
13.0000
13.5000
13.0000
13.5000
13.9167
100.0
113.2
106.2
106.2
102.6
99.1
99.1
88.5
92.0
92.0
95.5
92.0
95.5
98.5
$1.4731
1.7250
1.7250
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7000
1.7042
100.0
117.1
117.1
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.7
100.0
141.7
140.9
140.2
140.2
134.9
135.7
128.9
135.7
128.1
128.1
131.9
129.6
134.7
$1.9428
2.0500
2.0000
2.0000
100.0
105.5
102.9
102.9
(a )
(a)
(a)
(aj
(a)
2.4250
2.5000
2.1750
2.1750
2.1893
124.8
128.7
112.0
112.0
112.7
$3.3171
4.7000
4.6750
4.6500
4.6500
4.4750
4.5000
4.2750
4.5000
4.2500
4.2500
4.3750
4.3000
4.4667
$4.2972
6.0050
6.0375
5.9063
5.6750
5.5500
5.7625
5.7875
5.4200
5.0500
4.6750
4.6375
4.5688
5.4221
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
139.7
140.5
137.4
132.1
129.2
134.1
134.7
126* 1
117! 5
108.8
107.9
106.3
126.2
Food, etc.
Month.
Flour: wheat,
winter,
straights.
Fruit: apples,
evaporated,
choice.
Price Rela Price Rela
per
per
tive
tive
barrel. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $3.8450
J a n .........................
5.2500
F e b .......................... 5.2250
M ar.......................... 5.1250
A p r .......................... 4.9313
May.......................... 4.6950
J u n e.........'.............. 4.6500
J u l y ........................ 4.6250
A u g .......................... 4.3900
Sept.......................... 4.0125
Oct...........................
3.9000
N o v .......................... 3.8438
D e c .......................... 3.8500
Average, 1905......... 4.5428
100.0
136.5
135.9
133.3
128.3
122.1
120.9
120.3
114.2
104.4
101.4
100.0
100.1
118.1
$0.0847
.0538
.0575
.0625
.0625
.0625
.0625
.0650
.0700
.0750
.0775
.0900
.1000
.0699
100.0
63.5
67.9
73.8
73.8
73.8
73.8
76.7
82.6
88.5
91.5
106.3
118.1
82.5
Fruit: a
sun-di^
es'
Fruit: currants, Fruit: prunes,
in barrels.
California.
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
per
tive
tive
per
tive
pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
$0.0515
.0350
.0350
.0288
.0275
.0263
.0256
.0263
.0300
.0425
.0425
.0475
.0500
.0348
100.0
68.0
68.0
55.9
53.4
51.1
49.7
51.1
58.3
82.5
82.5
92.2
97.1
67.6
$0.0375
.0500
.0469
.0456
.0425
.0419
.0438
.0444
.0538
.0531
.0544
.0544
.0575
.0490
100.0
133.3
125.1
121.6
113.3
111.7
116.8
118.4
143.5
141.6
145.1
145.1
153.3
130.7
$0.0774
.0438
.0413
.0413
.0381
.0363
.0375
.0413
.0500
.0538
.0538
.0556
.0581
.0459
100.0
56.6
53.4
53.4
49.2
46.9
48.4
53.4
64.6
69.6
69.5
71.8
75.1
59.3
Food, etc.
Month.
Fruit: raisins,
California,
London layer.
Glucose.
Lard: prime
contract.
Meal: com ,
fine white.
Meal: corn,
fine yellow.
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price
Rela
Price Rela
tive per 100 tive
per
tive per 100 tive per 100 tive
per box. price.
pounds. price. pound. price. pounds. price. pounds. price.
Average,1890-1899.. $1.5006
J a n .......................... 1.2750
F e b .......................... 1.2500
M ar.......................... 1.2500
A p r .......................... 1.2250
May.......................... 1.0500
J u n e........................ 1.0500
July.......................... 1.0500
A u g.......................... 1.0500
Sept.......................... 1.0500
O c t .......................... 1.1750
N ov .......................... 1.2250
D e c .......................... 1.6000
Average, 1905......... 1.1875
100.0 ft$1.4182
85.0
1.8100
83.3
1.8500
83.3
1.8500
81.6
1.8500
70.0
1.5600
70.0
1.6100
70.0
1.6100
70.0
1.6100
1.9100
70.0
78.3
1.9100
81.6
1.8100
106.6
1.9100
79.1
1.7742
aNo quotation for month.
100.0
127.6
130.4
130.4
130.4
110.0
113.5
113.5
113.5
134.7
134.7
127.6
134.7
125.1
$0.0654
.0709
.0703
.0717
.0737
.0727
.0723
.0731
.0800
.0793
.0758
.0753
.0790
.0745
100.0
108.4
107.5
109.6
112.7
111.2
110.6
111.8
122.3
121.3
115.9
115.1
120.8
113.9
$1.0486
1.3500
1.2500
1.3000
1.3000
1.2500
1.3000
1.3500
1.4500
1.4500
1.3000
1.3500
1.2500
1.3250
100.0
128.7
119.2
124.0
124.0
119.2
124.0
128.7
138.3
138.3
124.0
128.7
119.2
126.4
&Average for 1893-1899.
$1.0169
1.3500
1.2500
1.3000
1.3000
1.2500
1.3000
1.3500
1.4500
1.4500
1.3000
1.3500
1.2500
1.3250
100.0
132.8
122.9
127.8
127.8
122.9
127.8
132.8
142.6
142.6
127.8
132.8
122.9
130.3
441
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able II.—
BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Food, etc.
Month.
Meat: bacon,
short clear
sides.
Meat: bacon,
short rib sides.
Meat: beef,
fresh, native
sides.
Price Rela Price
Rela Price Rela
per
per
tive
tive
per
tive
pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. 80.0675
J a n ..........................
.0699
F e b .........................
.0731
M ar..........................
.0734
A p r ......................
.0766
May.........................
.0769
Ju n e........................
.0797
July.........................
.0838
A u g ..........................
.0916
Sept..........................
.0906
Oct...........................
.0861
.0793
N o v ..........................
D e c ..........................
.0778
.0800
Average, 1905.........
100.0
103.6
108.3
108.7
113.5
113.9
118.1
124.1
135.7
134.2
127.6
117.5
115.3
118.5
80.0656
.0675
.0706
.0722
.0744
.0754
.0785
.0819
.0901
.0887
.0841
.0783
.0769
.0783
100.0
102.9
107.6
110.1
113.4
114.9
119.7
124.8
137.3
135.2
128.2
119.4
117.2
119.4
80.0771
.0820
.0800
.0781
.0894
.0910
.0838
.0800
.0810
.0781
.0745
.0706
.0725
.0802
100.0
106.4
103.8
101.3
116.0
118.0
108.7
103.8
105.1
101.3
96.6
91.6
94.0
104.0
Meat: beef,
salt, extra
mess.
Meat: beef,
salt, hams,
western.
Price
per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
88.0166
9.2500
9.2500
9.2500
10.2500
11.2500
11.2500
10.4500
9.7500
9.7500
9.7500
10.0000
10.0000
10.0240
100.0 818.0912
115.4 22.7500
115.4 22.7500
115.4 22.6250
127.9 22.2500
140.3 21.7500
140.3 21.7500
130.4 21.8125
121.6 21.7500
121.6 21.7500
121.6 21.7500
124.7 21.7500
124.7 21.2500
125.0 21.9952
Price
per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
125.8
125.8
125.1
123.0
120.2
120.2
120.6
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
117.5
121.6
Food, etc.
Month.
Meat: hams,
smoked.
pork, salt,
Meat: mutton, Meat:
mess, old
dressed.
to new.
Price
Rela Price
per
per
tive
pound. price. pound.
Average, 1890-1899. 80.0984
J a n ..........................
.0934
F e b .........................
.0970
M ar.........................
.0982
A p r ..........................
.1038
May.........................
.1075
.1101
Ju n e........................
.1094
J u ly ........................
A ug..........................
.1128
Sept..........................
.110.7
Oct...........................
.1058
N ov ................. i ----.1061
D e c ..........................
.1008
Average, 1905.........
.1046
100.0
94.9
98.6
99.8
105.5
109.2
111.9
111.2
114.6
112.5
107.5
107.8
102.4
106.3
80.0754
.0820
.0925
.0950
.0888
.0845
.0806
.0869
.0805
.0838
.0850
.0850
.0894
.0859
Milk: fresh.
Molasses: New
Orleans, open
kettle.
Rela Price
per
tive
price. barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
quart.
Rela Price
Rela
per
tive
tive
price. gallon. price.
100.0 811.6332
108.8 13.3000
122.7 13.4063
126.0 13.3594
117.8 13.5781
112.1 13.4750
106.9 13.5938
115.3 13.9375
106.8 15.4500
111.1 16.1250
112.7 16.2500
112.7 15.2813
118.6 15.0625
113.9 14.4183
100.0
114.3
115.2
114.8
116.7
115.8
116.9
119.8
132.8
138.6
139.7
131.4
129.5
123.9
80.0255
.0350
.0338
.0312
.0283
.0256
.0200
.0238
.0250
.0275
.0300
.0317
.0350
.0289
100.0
137.3
132.5
122.4
111.0
100.4
78.4
93.3
98.0
107.8
117.6
124.3
137.3
113.3
80.3151
.3350
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3400
.3229
100.0
106.3
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
107.9
102.5
Food, etc.
Month.
Rice: domestic, Salt: American.
choice.
Price Rela
per
tive
pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899. 80.0561
J a n ..........................
.0394
F e b ..........................
.0394
M ar.........................
.0394
A p r ..........................
.0394
M ay.........................
.0394
Ju n e........................
.0406
July.........................
.0431
.0431
A u g .........................
Sept.........................
.0431
.0444
O c t ..........................
.0444
N ov ..........................
.0450
D e c ..........................
.0417
Average, 1905.........
100.0
70.2
70.2
70.2
70.2
70.2
72.4
76.8
76.8
76.8
79.1
79.1
80.2
74.3
Soda: bicar
bonate of,
American.
Spices: nut
megs.
Spices: pepper,
Singapore.
Price
per
barrel.
Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
per
tive
tive
per
tive
price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
80.7044
.8400
.8400
.8040
.7250
.7600
.7500
.7800
.7050
.6880
.7000
.7375
.7500
.7552
100.0
119.3
119.3
114.1
102.9
106.5
106.5
110.7
100.1
97.7
99.4
104.7
106.5
107.2
80.0209
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
100.0
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
80.4322
.1950
.1800
.1750
.1750
.1750
.1663
.1738
.1738
.1688
.1688
.1575
.1575
.1722
100.0
45.1
41.6
40.5
40.5
40.5
38.5
40.2
40.2
39.1
39.1
36.4
36.4
39.8
80.0749
.1288
.1238
.1213
.1238
.1238
.1175
.1206
.1238
.1244
.1213
.1169
.1144
.1217
100.0
172.0
165.3
161.9
165.3
165.3
156.9
161.0
165.3
166.1
161.9
156.1
152.7
162.5
442
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able I I . — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890—
1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Food, etc.
Month.
Starch: pure
corn.
Price
per
pound.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.0548
Jan...........................
.0550
F e b ..........................
.0550
M ar..........................
.0550
A p r ..........................
.0575
May..........................
.0575
.0525
Ju ne........................
July..........................
.0525
A u g ..........................
.0525
Sept..........................
.0525
Oct...........................
.0575
.0575
N ov ..........................
D e c ..........................
.0575
.0552
Average, 1905.........
Sugar: 89°fair Sugar: 96° cen Sugar: granu
refining.
trifugal.
lated.
Rela
tive
price.
Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
per
tive
pound. price. pound. price.
100.0 $0.03398
100.4
.04562
100.4
.04548
100.4
.04400
104.9
.04163
104.9
.03836
95.8
.03688
95.8
.03438
95.8
.03438
95.8
.03171
104.9
.02969
104.9
.02913
104.9
.03094
100.7
.03696
100.0 $0.03869
134.3
.05060
133.8
.05048
129.5
.04943
122.5
.04791
112.9
.04460
108.5
,04312
101.2
.04063
101.2
.04062
93.3
.03798
87.4
.03579
85.7
.03498
91.1
.03609
108.8
.04278
Price Rela Price
Rela
per
tive
per
tive
pound. price. pound. price.
100.0 $0.04727
130.8
.05820
130 5
.05925
127.8
.05900
123.8
.05900
115.3
.05675
111.4
.05480
105.0
.05088
105.0
.05070
98.2
.04775
92.5
.04500
90.4
.04390
93.3
.04450
110.6
.05256
100.0
123.1
125.3
124.8
124.8
120.1
115.9
107.6
107.3
101.0
95.2
92.9
94.1
111.2
$0.0435
.0455
.0450
.0463
.0463
.0453
.0444
.0438
.0451
.0431
.0430
.0459
.0456
.0449
100.0
104.6
103.4
106.4
106.4
104.1
102.1
100.7
103.7
99.1
98.9
105.5
104.8
103.2
Clothstand
cloth ing.
Food, etc.
Month.
Tallow.
Tea: Formosa,
fine.
Vegetables, f Vegetables,
Vinegar: cider, Bags: 2-bushel,
* r\Afo
fAAQ
PU tcbU
lU O )
fresh: onions.
Monarch.
Amoskeag.
Burpank.
Price Rela
per
tive
pound. price.
Price
per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Price Rela
per
tive
bushel. price.
Price Rela
per
tive
gallon. price,
$3.3995
4.5000
5.0000
5.0000
3.0000
2.5000
2.2500
1.8700
1.5000
2.5000
3.2500
3.5000
4.0000
3.2392
100.0
132.4
147.1
147.1
88.2
73.5
66.2
55.0
44.1
73.5
95.6
103.0
117.7
95.3
$0.4991
.3513
.3425
.2888
.2460
.2225
.2225
(a)
(a)
.4550
.5525
.6688
.6120
.4026
$0.1478
.1400
.1400
.1400
.1400
.1400
.1400
.1400
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1700
.1458
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.2839
J a n ..........................
.2750
F e b ..........................
.2750
M ar..........................
.2750
A p r ..........................
.2750
May..........................
.2750
J u n e........................
.2750
July..........................
.2750
A u g ..........................
.2750
Sept..........................
.2550
Oct...........................
.2550
N o v ..........................
.2550
D e c ..........................
.2450
Average, 1905 .........
.2675
100.0
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
89.8
89.8
89.8
86.3
94.2
100.0
70.4
68.6
57.9
49.3
44.6
44.6
91.2
110.7
134.0
122.6
80.7
100.0
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
101 5
101.5
101.5
101.5
115.0
98.6
Price
per
bag.
$0.1399
.1850
.1400
.1400
.1400
.1450
.1450
.1450
j 1450
!l500
.1650
.1700
.1700
.1533
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
132.2
100.1
100.1
100.1
103.6
103.6
103.6
103! 6
107! 2
117.9
121.5
121.5
109.6
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Blankets: 11-4, 5
Blankets: 11-4, 5
Blankets: 11-4, 5
to the pair, pounds to the pair,
pounds to the pair, pounds
cotton
warp,
all
cotton
warp, cotton
all wool.
wool filling.
and wool filling.
Boots and shoes:
men’s brogans,
split.
Price per Relative Price per Relative Price per Relative Price per Relative
pound.
price.
pound.
pound.
price.
pair.
price.
price.
Average, 1890-1899..
J a n ...........................
F e b ...........................
M ar...........................
A p r ...........................
May...........................
J u n e..........................
J u l y ..........................
A u g ...........................
Sept...........................
Oct.............................
N ov ......... t ................
D e c ...........................
Average, 1905..........
$0,840
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
100.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
$0,613
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
.775
100.0
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
aNo quotation for month.
$0,424
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
100.0
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
$0.9894
.9250
.9250
.9250
.9250
.9500
.9500
.9750
1.0000
1.0000
1.0500
1.1750
1.2500
1.0042
100.0
93.5
93.5
93.5
93.5
96.0
96.0
98.5
101.1
101.1
106.1
118.8
126.3
101.5
443
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES. 1890 TO 1905,
T able II.—
BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Boots and
shoes: men’s
calf bal. shoes,
Goodyear
welt.
Month.
Average,1890-1899..
J a n ..........................
F e b ......................
M ar...................... .
A p r ..........................
M ay..........................
J u n e ........................
Ju ly..........................
A u g ..........................
Sept..........................
Oct...........................
N o v ..........................
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905.........
Boots and
shoes: men’s
split boots.
Price
per
pair.
Rela Price Rela
tive per 12 tive
price. pairs. price.
$2,376
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.350
2.450
2.450
2.450
2.375
100.0
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
103.1
103.1
103.1
100.0
$16,350
19.000
19.000
19.000
19.000
19.000
19.000
19.500
19.500
20.000
20.500
21.000
22.000
19.708
100.0
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
119.3
119.3
122.3
125.4
128.4
134.6
120.5
Boots and
Boots and
Broadcloths:
shoes: men’s
women’s first quality,
vici kid shoes, shoes:
solid grain
black, 54-inch,
Goodyear
shoes.
X X X wool.
welt.
Price
per
pair.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
pair.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
$2.3000
2.0500
2.0500
2.1000
2.1000
2.1500
2.1500
2.2000
2.2500
2.3000
2.3000
2.3500
2.3500
2.1958
100.0
89.1
89.1
91.3
91.3
93.5
93.5
95.7
97.8
100.0
100.0
102.2
102.2
95.5
$0.8175
.9500
.9500
.9500
.9500
.9750
.9750
.9750
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
.9771
100.0
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
119.3
119.3
119.3
122.3
122.3
122.3
122.3
122.3
119.5
$1.7320
1.9550
1.9550
1.9763
1.9763
1.9763
1.9763
2.0200
2.0200
2.0200
2.0200
2.0200
2.0200
1.9946
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
112.9
112.9
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
115.2
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Brus
Calico: Cocheco Carpets:
sels, 5-frame,
prints.
Bigelow.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0553
J a n ..........................
.0500
F e b ..........................
.0500
M ar..........................
.0500
A p r ..........................
.0500
M ay..........................
.0500
Ju n e........................
.0500
J u ly ........................
.0500
A u g .........................
.0500
Sept.........................
.0550
Oct...........................
.0550
N ov ..........................
.0550
D e c ..........................
.0550
Average, 1905.........
.0517
Carpets: In
gram, 2-ply,
Lowell.
Carpets: Wil
Cotton flan
ton, 5-frame, nels: 2f yards to
Bigelow.
the pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
93.5
$1.0008
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
1.1520
100.0
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
$0.4752
.5664
.5664
.5664
.5664
.5424
.5424
.5424
.5424
.5424
.5424
.5520
.5520
.5520
100.0
119.2
119.2
119.2
119.2
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
116.2
116.2
116.2
$1.8432
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
2.1360
100.0
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
$0.0706
.0850
.0800
.0800
.0826
.0825
.0825
.0875
.0875
.0875
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0854
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
120.4
113.3
113.3
116.9
116.9
116.9
123.9
123.9
123.9
127.5
127.5
127.5
121.0
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Cotton yarns:
Cotton thread: carded,
Cotton flannels: 6-cord,
white,
3£ yards to the spools, 200-yard
mule-spun,
J.
& P.
pound.
northern,
Coats.
cones, 10/1.
Price
per
yard.
Average,1890-1899. $0.0575
J a n ........................
.0675
F e b .................
.0675
M ar........................
.0675
A p r ........................
.0650
M ay........................
.0650
Ju n e......................
.0650
J u ly ......................
.0700
Aug........................
.0700
Sept........................
.0700
O c t ........................
.0700
N ov........................
.0700
D e c ........................
.0700
Average, 1905.......
.0681
Cotton yams:
carded, white,
Denims: Amosmule-spun,
keag.
northern,
cones, 22/1.
Rela Price per Rela Price Rela Price
tive
tive
per
per
tive
price. spool, (a) price. pound. price. pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0 $0.031008
117.4
.037240
117.4
.037240
117.4
.037240
.037240
113.0
. 037240
113.0
113.0
.037240
121.7
.037240
121.7
.037240
121.7
. 037240
121.7
.037240
121.7
.037240
121.7
.037240
118.4
.037240
100.0
99.0
96.5
96.5
96.5
96.5
96.5
104.1
109.2
109.2
106.7
114.3
116.8
103.5
$0.1044
.1100
.1000
.1000
.1000
.1000
.1050
.1050
.1150
.1150
.1150
.1150
.1200
.1083
100.0
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
$0.1608
.1650
.1600
.1600
.1600
.1550
.1600
.1750
.1800
.1850
.1850
.1950
.2000
.1733
« Freight paid.
100.0
102.6
99.5
99.5
99.5
96.4
99.5
108.8
111.9
115.0
115.0
121.3
124.4
107.8
$0.1969
.1950
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1900
.2050
.2150
.2150
.2100
.2250
.2300
.2038
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
105.4
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
100.6
100.6
110.2
110.2
110.2
110.2
114.9
103.7
444
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able II.—
BASE PEICES (AVERAGE FOE 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Drillings:
brown, Pepperell.
Drillings: 30inch, Stark A.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price'
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
118.0
118.0
122.4
122.4
122.4
126.7
126.7
131.1
131.1
131.1
131.1
131.1
126.0
$0.0521
.0627
.0622
.0631
.0625
.0626
.0629
.0630
.0631
.0628
.0635
.0640
.0669
.0633
100.0
120.3
119.4
121.1
120.0
120.2
120.7
120.9
121.1
120.5
121.9
122.8
128.4
121.5
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0572
J a n ..........................
.0675
.0675
F e b ..........................
.0700
M ar...................... :
A p r ..........................
.0700
May..........................
.0700
J u n e........................
.0725
.0725
J u l y ........................
A u g ..........................
.0750
Sept..........................
.0750
O c t ..........................
.0750
.0750
N ov ..........................
D e c ..........................
.0750
Average, 1905.........
.0721
Flannels:
white, 4-4 Bal
lard Vale No. 3.
Price
per
yard.
Ginghams:
Amoskeag.
Rela
tive
price.
$0.3768 100.0
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4440 117.8
.4567 121.2
.4567 121.2
.4461 118.4
Ginghams:
Lancaster.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
$0.0533
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0550
.0550
.0515
100.0
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
98.5
98.5
98.5
103.2
103.2
96.6
$0.0573
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0550
.0575
.0517
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
91.6
91.6
91.6
96.0
100.3
90.2
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Hosiery: men’s Hosiery: men’s Hosiery: wom Hosiery: wom
Horse blankets: cotton half
en’s combed
en’s cotton
cotton half Egyptian
6 pounds each, hose, seamless, hose,
cotton hose, seamless,
seamless,
fast black, 20 to
all wool.
hose,
highfast
black, 26 to
84 needles.
22 ounce.
spliced heel.
28 ounce.
Price Rela
per
tive
pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.
J a n ..........................
F e b ..........................
M ar..........................
A p r ..........................
May..........................
J u n e........................
J u ly ........................
A ug..........................
Sept..........................
O c t ..........................
N ov ..........................
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905 .........
$0,573
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
100.0
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
Price Rela Price
per 12
tive
per 12
pairs.« price, a pairs.
Rela
tive
price.
$0.9555
0. 6370
0.6370
0.6370
.5880
<*.5880
d . 5880
d . 5880
<*.5880
.6370
« . 6370
e . 6370
e .6370
/ . 6370
100.0
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
100.0
0 82.1
0 82.1
0 82.1
75.8
<*75.8
<*75.8
<*75.8
<*75.8
82.1
e 82.1
0 82.1
0 82.1
/82 .1
$0.7845
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
Price
per 12
pairs.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per 12
pairs.
Rela
tive
price.
$1,850
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
100.0
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
$0.9310
0.7595
0.7595
0.7595
.7056
<*.7056
<*.7056
<*.7056
<*.7056
.7840
0.7840
0.7840
0.7840
/.7840
100.0
0 81.6
0 81.6
0 81.6
75.8
<*75.8
<*75.8
<*75.8
<*75.8
84.2
084.2
084.2
0 84.2
/ 84.2
b
a The price for 1890-1903 is for two-thread goods. Prices for 1904 and 1905 are for single-thread goods.
For method o f computing relative price, see page 358; price o f single-thread goods, $0.6615 in April,
1904, and $0.6370 in September, 1904.
b Average for 1893-1899.
c September, 1904, price.
<*April, 1905, price.
e September, 1905, price.
f September, 1905, price, which represents bulk of sales during the year.
445
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I ___BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Leather: har
ness, oak, pack Leather: sole,
hemlock.
er’s hides,
heavy, No. 1.
Leather: wax
Leather: sole, calf, 30 to 40 lbs.
oak.
to the dozen,
B grade.
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price
per
per
tive
tive per sq.
per
tive
pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
foot.
Average, 1890-1899. a$0.2590 100.0
J a n ..........................
.3200 6110.4
F e b ..........................
.3200 6110.4
M ar..........................
.3200 6110.4
.3200 6110.4
A p r ..........................
.3200 6110.4
M ay..........................
J u n e........................
.3350 6115.6
July..........................
.3350 6115.6
A u g ..........................
.3350 6115.6
Sept..........................
.3450 6119.0
.3450 6119.0
Oct...........................
.3400 6117.3
N ov ..........................
.3650 6125.9
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905.........
.3333 6115.0
$0.1939
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2275
.2450
.2290
100.0
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
126.4
118.1
80.3363
.3600
.3600
.3600
.3600
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3700
.3700
.3600
.3600
.3700
.3663
100.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
111.5
111.5
111.5
110.0
110.0
107.0
107.0
110.0
108.9
80.6545
.6875
.6875
.6875
.6875
.6875
.6875
.7125
.7250
.7000
.7000
.7000
.7000
.6969
Linen shoe
thread: 10s,
Barbour.
Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
price. pound. price.
100.0
105.0
105.0
105.0.
105.0
105.0
105.0
108.9
110.8
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
106.5
80.8748
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8460
.8930
.8499
100.0
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
102.1
97.2
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Linen thread: Overcoatings:
beaver, Mos
3-cord, 200-yard cow,
all wool,
spools, Barbour.
black.
Overcoatings:
chinchilla,
B-rough, all
wool.
Overcoatings:
chinchilla,
cotton warp,
C. C. grade.
Overcoatings:
covert cloth,
light weight,
staple.
Price
per
dozen
spools.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899. 80.8522
.8835
Jan...........................
.8835
F e b ..........................
M ar..........................
.8835
.8835
A p r .........................
May..........................
.8835
.8835
Ju ne........................
J u ly ........................
.8835
A u g ..........................
.8835
Sept.........................
.8835
Oct...........................
.8835
.8835
N o v ..........................
D e c ..........................
.8835
Average, 1905.........
.8835
100.0
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
$2.0817
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
2.4413
100.0
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
$2.1419
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
2.3948
100.0
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
$0.4883
.4700
.4600
.4550
.4600
.4600
.4650
.4500
.4600
.4500
.4650
.4600
.4500
.4588
100.0
96.3
94.2
93.2
94.2
94.2
95.2
92.2
94.2
92.2
95.2
94.2
92.2
94.0
$2.3286
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
2.2568
a Leather: harness, oak, country middles, 14 pounds and
b For method of computing relative price, see page 358;
5929— No. 63—06----- 8
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
up (except overweights, 20 pounds and up).
average price for 1904, 80.3188.
446
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able I I . — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Shawls: stand
Overcoatings:
Sheetings:
Sheetings:
kersey, stand Print cloths: 28- ard, all wool
(low grade), bleached, 10-4, bleached, 10-4,
ard, 27 to 28
inch, 64x64.
72x144
inch,
40
Atlantic.
Pepperell.
ounce.
to 42 ounce.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899.. «$1.2472
J a n .......................... 1.7500
F e b .......................... 1.7750
M ar....................
1.7750
A p r .........................
1.7750
May.......................... 1.7750
J u n e ........................ 1.8750
July.......................... 1.8750
A ug.......................... 1.8750
Sept............... .......... 1.8750
Oct........................... 1.8750
N o v .......................... 1.8750
D e c .......................... 1.8750
Average, 1905......... 1.8313
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0 $0.02838
140.3
027500
142.3
.026563
142.3
.026875
142.3
.027125
142.3
.026563
150.3
.027500
150.3
.032000
.034063
150.3
150.3
.035000
150.3
.036250
150.3
.036250
150.3
.037250
146.8
.031214
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
shawl.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0 6$4.5787 100.0
96.9
2.2400 oll7.5
93.6
2.2400 oll7.5
94.7
2.2400 oll7.5
95.6
2.2400 0117.5
93.6
2.2400 oll7.5
96.9
2.2400 0117.5
112.8
2.2400 oll7.5
120.0
2.2400 0117.5
123.3
2.2400 oll7.5
127.7
2.2400 oll7.5
127.7
2.2400 0117.5
131.3
2.2400 0117.5
110.0
2.2400 0117.5
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
$0.1836
.1920
.1920
.1998
.2105
.1730
.1846
.1896
.2208
.2172
.2223
.2250
100.0
104.6
104.6
108.8
114.7
94.2
100.5
103.3
120.3
118.3
121.1
122.5
.( 2024
110.2
$0.1884
.2200
.2100
.2100
.2100
.2100
.2200
.2300
.2300
.2400
.2400
.2500
.2500
.2267
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
116.8
111.5
111.5
111.5
111.5
116.8
122.1
122.1
127.4
127.4
132.7
132.7
120.3
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Sheetings:
bleached, 10-4,
Wamsutta S. T.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.2949
J a n ..........................
.2700
F e b ..........................
.2700
Mar ........................
.2700
.2700
A p r ..........................
May..........................
.2700
Ju n e........................
.2700
July..........................
.2700
A u g ..........................
.2700
Sept..........................
.2700
Oct...........................
.2700
N ov ..........................
.2700
D e c ..........................
.2700
Average, 1905.........
.2700
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Atlantic A.
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Indian Head.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
$0.0553
.0628
.0654
.0652
.0642
.0634
.0631
.0642
.0640
.0621
.0638
.0642
.0638
.0639
100.0
113.6
118.3
117.9
116.1
114.6
114.1
116.1
115.7
112.3
115.4
116.1
115.4
115.6
$0.0626
.0775
.0750
.0750
.0750
.0750
.0750
.0750
.0750
.0750
.0775
.0775
.0775
.0758
Rela
tive
price.
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Mass. Mills,
Flying Horse
brand.
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Pepperell R.
Price
per
yard.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0 e$0.0525 100.0
123.8
.0675 m o . 5
119.8
.0700 /114.5
119.8
.0700 /114.5
119.8
.0725 f l l S . 6
119.8
.0725 J118.6
119.8
.0725 /118.6
119.8
.0725 /118.6
119.8
.0725 A18.6
119.8
.0725 m .8.6
123.8
.0750 T 1 22.7
123.8
.0750 /122.7
123.8
.0775 A26.8
121.1
.0726 A18.6
$0.0551
.0625
.0575
.0600
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0675
.0675
.0675
.0644
a Average for 1897-1899.
5 Shawls: standard, all wool, 72x144 inch, 42 ounces, made of high grade wool.
o For method o f computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, $2.04.
<*No sale during month.
e Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Stark A. A.
/ For method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, $0.0715.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
113.4
104.4
108.9
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
122.5
122.5
122.5
116.9
447
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I I . — BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), ETC.— Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Fruit of the
Loom.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0728
J a n ..........................
.0725
F e b ..........................
.0688
M ar..........................
.0688
A p r ..........................
.0688
May..........................
.0700
Ju n e........................
.0725
July..........................
.0725
A u g ..........................
.0800
Sept..........................
.0800
Oct...........................
.0800
N o v ..........................
.0800
D e c ..........................
.0838
Average, 1905.........
.0748
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Hope.
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Lonsdale.
Shirtings:
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4, bleached, 4-4,
New York
W am sutta^ ^ *
Mills.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0
99.6
94.5
94.5
94.5
96.2
99.6
99.6
109.9
109.9
109.9
109.9
115.1
102.7
$0.0630
.0641
.0641
.0618
.0618
.0629
.0641
.0641
.0701
.0701
.0701
.0701
.0724
.0663
100.0
101.7
101.7
98.1
98.1
99.8
101.7
101.7
111.3
111.3
111.3
i n ,a
114.9
105.2
$0.0727
.0713
.0713
.0675
.0675
.0688
.0713
.0713
.0788
.0788
.0788
.0788
.0825
.0739
100.0
98.1
98.1
92.8
92.8
94.6
98.1
98.1
108.4
108.4
108.4
108.4
113.5
101.7
$0.0876
.0821
.0829
.0829
.0829
.0825
.0829
.0897
.0897
.0873
100.0
93.7
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.2
94.6
102.4
102.4
99.7
«
(a)
.0848
96.8
$0.0948
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0900
.0950
.0950
.1000
.1000
.1000
.1000
.0942
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
100.2
100.2
105.5
105.5
105.5
105 5
99.4
Cloths and clothing.
Month
iX
IUU111*
Suitings: clay Suitings: clay Suitings: indigo
Silk: raw, Ital
Silk: raw,
worsted diag worsted diag blue, all wool,
ian, classical. Japan, filatures. onal, 12-ounce, onal, 16-ounce, 54-in., 14-oz.,
Wash. Mills.
Middlesex.
Wash. Mills.
Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
per
tive
pound. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899 . $4.2558
J a n .......................... 4.0219
F e b .......................... 4.0219
M ar.......................... 3.9600
A p r .......................... 3.9105
May.......................... 3.9105
J u n e ........................ 4.0590
July.......................... 4.1580
A u g .......................... 4.1828
Sept.........................
4.3808
Oct........................... 4.3808
N ov .......................... 4.2323
D e c .......................... 4.0838
Average, 1905 ......... 4.1085
100.0
94.5
94.5
93.0
91.9
91.9
95.4
97.7
98.3
102.9
102.9
99.4
96.0
96.5
a No sale during month.
$4.0187
4.0740
3.9285
3.8315
3.7709
3.7709
3.8558
4.0255
4.0983
4.2681
4.2681
4.0983
3.9043
3.9912
Price
per
yard.
100.0 &$0.8236
101.4
.9900
97.8
.9900
95.3
.9900
93.8
.9900
93.8
.9900
95.9
.9900
100.2
.9900
102.0
1.2375
106.2
1.2375
106.2
1.2375
102.0
1.2375
97.2
1.2375
1.0931
99.3
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0 *>$1.0068 100.0
120.2
1.17C0 116.2
120.2
1.1700 116.2
120.2
1.1700 116.2
120.2
1.1700 116.2
120.2
1.1700 116.2
120.2
1.1700 116.2
120.2
1.1700 116.2
150.3
1.4850 147.5
150.3
1.4850 147.5
1.4850 147.5
150.3
150.3
1.4850 147.5
150.3
1.4850 147.5
132.7
1.3013 129.3
b
Price
per
yard.
$1.3230
1.4850
1.4850
1.4850
1.4850
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5750
1.5750
1.6200
1.5300
Average for 1895-1899,
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
112.2
112.2
112.2
112.2
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
119.0
119.0
122.4
115.6
448
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I I .— BASE PBICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Underwear;
Suitings; indigo Suitings; serge, Tickings; Amos- Trouserings;
and draw
blue, all wool,
Washington
fancy worsted, shirts
keag
A.
C.
A.
ers,
white, all
Mills 6700.
16 ounce.
21 to 22 ounce.
wool, etc.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899. $1.9154
J a n .........................
2.2785
F e b .......................... 2.2785
M ar.........................
2.2785
A p r .......................... 2.2785
May.........................
2.2785
J u n e........................ 2.2785
July.......................... 2.2785
A u g .......................... 2.2785
Sept.......................... 2.2785
Oct........................... 2.2785
N ov .......................... 2.2785
D e c .........................
2.2785
Average, 1905......... 2.2785
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0 «$0.7526
119.0
.8775
.8775
119.0
.8775
119.0
119.0
.8775
119.0
.9675
119.0
.9675
.9450
119.0
119.0
1.0350
119.0
1.0350
119.0
1.0350
119.0
1.0350
1.0350
119.0
119.0
.9638
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0 $0.1061
116.6
.1050
116.6
.0950
116.6
.0950
116.6
.0950
128.6
.0950
128.6
.0950
125.6
.1150
137.5
.1150
137.5 . .1150
137.5
.1200
137.5
.1250
137.5
.1300
128.1
.1083
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Price
Rela per
12
tive
gar
price. ments.
100.0 5$1.9456 100.0
99.0
2.1825 el09.1
89.5
2.1825 cl09.1
89.5
2.1825 ol09.1
89.5
2.2500 0112.5
89.5
2.2500 0112.5
89.5
2.2500 0112.5
108.4
2.2500 cll2 .5
108.4
2.2500 C112.5
108.4
2.2500 0112.5
113.1
2.2500 0112.5
117.8
2.2500 0112.5
122.5
2.2500 cll2 .5
102.1
2.2331 olU.6
$23.31
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
Underwear: Women’s dress Women’s dress Women’s dress Women’s dress
goods: cashgoods: Danish
goods: cashshirts and draw goods: cashcloth, cotton
mere, cotton
ers, white me mere, all wool, mere, cotton
rino, 60per cent 10-11 twill, 38- warp, 9-twill, warp, 27-inch warp and fill
Hamilton.
ing, 22-inch.
wool, etc.
inch, Atlantic J. 4-4, Atlantic F.
Price
per 12
gar
ments.
Rela
tive
price.
Average, 1890-1899. <*$15.57 100.0
Jan ..........................
16.20 / 95.4
F e b ..........................
16.20 /9 5 .4
M ar.........................
16.20 / 95.4
A p r .........................
16.20 /9 5 .4
May..........................
16.20 / 95.4
Ju n e........................
16.20 /9 5 .4
July..........................
16.20 / 95.4
A u g..........................
16.20 / 95.4
Sept..........................
16.20 / 95.4
Oct...........................
16.20 / 95.4
N o v .........................
16.20 / 95.4
D e c .........................
16.20 / 95.4
Average, 1905.........
16.20 /9 5 .4
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
$0.2905
.3504
.3675
.3675
.3724
.3724
.3724
.3724
.3724
.3724
.3724
.3920
,3920
.3730
100.0
120.6
126.5
126.5
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
134.9
134:9
128.4
$0.1520
.1862
.1862
.1960
,1960
.1960
.2058
.2058
.2058
.2058
.2058
.2156
.2156
.2017
100.0
122.5
122.5
128.9
128.9
128.9
135.4
135.4
135.4
135.4
135.4
141.8
141.8
132.7
$0.0883
.1029
.1029
.1029
.1029
.1029
.1103
.1103
.1103
.1103
.1103
.1103
.1103
.1072
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
100.0 «$0.0680
100.0
.1150 g 114.9
116.5
.1150 g 114.9
116.5
.1150 g 114.9
116.5
.1150 g 114.9
116.5
.1150 g 114.9
116.5
.1150 g 114.9
124.9
.1160 g 114.9
124.9
.1150 a 114.9
124.9
124.9
.1150 g 114.9
.1150 g 114.9
124.9
.1150 g 114.9
124.9
124.9
.1150 g 114.9
121.4
.1150 g 114.9
a Average for 18912-1899.
b Average for 1892-1899; 22 to 23 ounce.
cFor method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, $2.1244.
<*52 per cent wool and 48 per cent cotton,
c Women’s dress goods; alpaca, cotton warp, 22-inch Hamilton.
/ For method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, $16.20.
g For method of computing relative price see page 358; average price for 1904, $0.1125.
Rela
tive
price.
449
COUBSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e I I . — BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), ETC.— Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Month.
dress
Ohio, fine Wool: Ohio me
Women’s dress Women’s
yarns:
poplar Wool:
fleece (X and dium fleece (£ Worsted
goods: Frank goods:
2-40s, Austra
cloth,
cotton
and f grade),
lin sackings, warp and fill X X grade),
lian
fine.
scoured.
scoured.
6-4.
ing, 36-inch.
Price
per
yard.
Average, 1890-1899. 30,5151
J a n ..........................
.6413
F e b .........................
.6413
M ar..........................
.6650
A p r ..........................
.6650
.6650
M a y ........................
.6888
Ju n e........................
J u l y ........................
.6888
A u g ..........................
.6888
.6888
Sept..........................
O c t ..........................
.6888
.6888
N ov ..........................
.6888
D e c ..........................
.6749
Average, 1905.........
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
yard.
Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
per
per
tive
tive
tive
tive
price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
100.0 <*60.0758 100.0 60.5526
.7391
124.5
.1850 6106.7
.7391
.1850 6106.7
124.5
.7391
129.1
.1850 6106.7
.7391
.1850 6106.7
129.1
.1850 6106.7
.7609
129.1
.7826
133.7
.1850 6106.7
.1850 6106.7
.7826
133.7
.1850 6106.7
.7826
133.7
.7826
133.7
.1900 6109.6
.1900 6109.6
.7609
133.7
•
.7609
.1900
6109.6
133.7
.7391
133.7
.1900 6109.6
.7591
131.0
.1867 6107.7
Cloths and
clothing.
Month.
60.4564
.5417
.5278
.5139
.5139
.5278
.5556
.5417
.5417
.5417
.5417
.5417
.5278
.5348
100.0
118.7
115.6
112.6
112.6
115.6
121.7
118.7
118.7
118.7
118.7
118.7
115.6
117.2
61.0183
1.2250
1.2250
1.2250
1.2500
1.2500
1.2500
1.2500
1.2500
1.2500
1.2750
1.2750
1.3000
1.2525
Price Rela Price
per
per
tive
pound. price. pound.
60.0782
.0900
.0900
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0850
.0858
Coal: anthra
cite, broken.
Coal: anthra
cite, chestnut.
Coal: anthra
cite, egg.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
ton.
100.0
115.1
115.1
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
109.7
63.3669
4.2341
4.2400
4.2102
4.2080
4.2153
4.2089
4.2103
4.2091
4.2098
4.2081
4.2133
4.1940
4.2134
100.0
125.8
125.9
125.0
125.0
125.2
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.1
124.6
125.1
63.5953
4.9505
4.9508
4.9507
4.4505
4.5440
4.6442
4.7380
4.8468
4.9493
4.9500
4.9480
4.9487
4.8226
100.0
137.7
137.7
137.7
123.8
126.4
129.2
131.8
134.8
137.7
137.7
137.6
187.6
134.1
63.5936
4.9538
4.9626
4.9534
4.4511
4.5469
4.6407
4.7438
4.8490
4.9488
4.9513
4.9452
4.9483
4.8246
Women’s dress goods: cashmere, cotton warp, 22-inch, Hamilton.
6 For method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, 30.1850.
a
100.0
120.3
120.3
120.3
122.8
122.8
122.8
122.8
122.8
122.8
125.2
125.2
127.7
123.0
Fuel and lighting.
Worsted yams: Candles: ada
2-40s, X X X X ,
mantine,
white, in skeins. 6s, 14-ounce.
Average, 1890-1899. 31.0071 100.0
J a n .......................... 1.2300 122.1
F e b .......................... 1.2300 -122.1
M ar.......................... 1.2300 122.1
A p r .......................... 1.2300 122.1
May.......................... 1.2500 124.1
June'........................ 1.2500 124.1
July.........................
1.2500 124.1
A u g .........................
1.3000 129.1
Sept.........................
1.3200 131.1
Oct........................... 1.3300 132.1
N o v .......................... 1.3300 132.1
D e c ......................... 1.3300 132.1
Average, 1905......... 1.2733 126.4
100.0
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
137.7
141.6
141.6
141.6
141.6
137.7
137.7
133.7
137.4
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
137.9
138.1
137.8
123.9
126.5
129.1
132.0
134.9
137.7
137.8
137.6
137.7
134.3
450
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I I .— BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Fuel and lighting.
Month.
Coal: anthra
cite, stove.
Price
per
ton.
Average, 1890-1899. $3.7949
J a n .......................... 4.9511
F e b .......................... 4.9565
M ar.......................... 4.9502
A p r .......................... 4.4504
May.........................
4.5404
Ju n e........................ 4.6315
July.......................... 4.7417
A u g .......................... 4.8508
Sept.......................... 4.94%
O c t .......................... 4.9513
N o v ...................... .
4.9501
D e c .......................... 4.9472
Average, 1905......... 4.8226
Coal: bitumi
nous, Georges
Creek (at
mine).
Coal: bitumi Coal: bitumi
nous, Georges nous, Pittsburg Coke: ConnellsCreek (f. o. b.
(Youghioville, furnace.
N. Y. Harbor).
gheny).
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
ton.
100.0
130.5
130.6
130.4
117.3
119.6
122.-0
124.9
127.8
130.4
130.5
130.4
130.4
127.1
$0.8887
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
1.6000
100.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
$2.7429
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
3.1500
Rela Price Rela
tive
per
tive
price. bushel. price.
100.0
1L4.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
$0.0643
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
.0800
100.0
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
Matches:
parlor,
domestic.
Petroleum:
crude.
Price
Price
per gross Rela
per
tive
of boxes price.
barrel.
(200s).
Average, 1890-1899.. $1.7563
J a n .......................... 1.5000
F e b .......................... 1.5000
M ar.......................... 1.5000
A p r .......................... 1.5000
M ay.......................... 1.5000
Ju n e........................ 1.5000
July.......................... 1.5000
A u g .......................... 1.5000
Sept.........................
1.5000
Oct...........................
1.5000
N o v .......................... 1.5000
D e c .......................... 1.5000
Average, 1905..........
1.5000
100.0
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
$0.9102
1.5000
1.3900
1.3900
1.3600
1.2900
1.2700
1.2700
1.2700
1.2700
1.5100
1.5100
1.5800
1.3842
$1.6983
2.1750
2.8750
2.5000
2.2500
1.9000
1.9000
1.7500
1.8250
1.9500
2.4750
2.9500
2.9000
2.2875
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
128.1
169.3
147.2
132.5
l l l .i l
111.9
103.0
107.5
114.8
145.7
173.7
170.8
134.7
Metals and im
plements.
Fuel and lighting.
Month.
Price
per
ton.
Petroleum: re Petroleum: re
fined, for
fined, 150° fire Augers: extra,
f-inch.
export.
test, w. w.
Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
price. gallon. price.
Price Rela
per
tive
gallon. price.
Price
per
auger.
100.0
164.8
152.7
152.7
149.4
141.7
139.5
139.5
139.5
139.5
165.9
165.9
173.6
152.1
$0.0890
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1250
.1300
.1300
.1300
.1263
$0.1608
.2400
.2400
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3200
.3067
$0.0649
.0750
.0725
.0725
.0715
.0695
.0690
.0690
.0690
.0690
.0760
.0770
.0760
.0722
100.0
115.6
111.7
111.7
110.2
107.1
106.3
106.3
106.3
106.3
117.1
118.6
117.1
111.2
100.0
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
146.1
146.1
146.1
141.9
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
149.3
149.3
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
190.7
Metals and implements.
Month.
Bar iron: best Bar iron: best
Axes: M. C. O., refined, from
refined, from Barb wire: gal Butts: loose
joint, cast, 3 x 3
Yankee.
m ill (Pittsburg store (Philadel
vanized.
inch.
market).
phia market.
Rela Price
Rela Price Rela Price
Rela
JPT f1ll p
l/AC
per
tive
per
tive
tive per 100 tive
per ax. price.
pound. price. pound. price. pounds. price.
Average, 1890-1899
J a n ......................
F e b ......................
M ar......................
A p r ...................
May......................
J u n e.....................
July......................
A u g ......................
Sept......................
Oct........................
N ov ......................
D e c ......................
Average, 1905___
$0.4693
.6050
.6050
.6050
.6050
.6460
.6460
.6460
.6460
.6460
.6460
.6460
.6460
.6323
100.0
128.9
128.9
128.9
128.9
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
134.7
$0.0145
.0180
.0180
.0190
.0182
.0180
.0180
.0180
.0180
.0184
.0185
.0203
.0220
.0187
100.0
124.1
124.1
131.0
125.5
124.1
124.1
124.1
124.1
126.9
127.6
140.0
151.7
129.0
$0.0164
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0191
.0196
.01%
.0192
100.0
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
119.5
119.5
117.1
$2.5261
2.3500
2.4000
2.4000
2.4000
2.4000
2.4000
2.4000
2.3200
2.3250
2.4000
2.4000
2.4000
2.3829
100.0
93.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
91.8
92.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
94.3
Price
per
pair.
$0.0316
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
451
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I . — BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), ETC.— Continued.
[For explanation and discussion o f this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Metals and implements.
Month.
Chisels: extra, Copper: ingot, Copper*: sheet,
hot-rolled,
socket firmer,
lake.
(base sizes).
1-inch.
Price
per
chisel.
Average, 1890-1899. 80.1894
.3000
J a n .........................
.3000
F e b .........................
M ar.........................
.4160
A p r ..........................
.4160
.4160
May..........................
.4160
Ju n e........................
J u ly ........................
.4160
A u g ..........................
.4160
Sept..........................
.4160
Oct...........................
.4160
.4160
N ov ..........................
.4160
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905.........
.3967
Rela
Rela Price
Rela Price
per
tive
per
tive
tive
price. pound. price. pound. price.
100.0
158.4
158.4
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
209.6
80.1234
.1519
.1531
.1531
.1531
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1563
.1625
.1663
.1650
.1800
.1576
100.0
123.1
124.1
124,1
124.1
121.6
121.6
121.6
126.7
131.7
134.8
133.7
145.9
127.7
80.1659
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1900
.2000
.2100
.2100
.2100
.2300
.1992
100.0
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
120.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
138.6
120.1
Copper wire:
bare.
Doorknobs:
steel, bronze
plated.
Rela
Price
per
tive
pound. price.
Price
per
pair.
80.1464
.1650
.1650
.1650
.1638
.1600
.1600
.1625
.1730
.1730
.1730
.1850
.1975
.1702
100.0
112.7
112.7
112.7
111.9
109.3
109.3
111.0
118.2
118.2
118.2
126.4
134.9
116.3
80.1697
.2250
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3750
.3625
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
132.6
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
213.6
Metals and implements.
Files: 8-inch
m ill bastard.
Hammers:
MaydoleNo.l£.
Lead: pig.
Lead: pipe.
Locks: com
mon mortise.
Month.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
ham
mer.
Rela
tive
price.
Rela
Price Rela Price
per
tive
tive
per
pound. price. 100 lbs. price.
Average, 1890-1899. 80.8527
J a n .......................... 1.0300
F e b .......................... 1.0300
M ar.......................... 1.0300
A p r .........................
1.0300
M a y ........................ 1.0300
Ju ne........................ 1.0300
J u ly ........................ 1.0300
A u g.......................... 1.0400
Sept.......................... 1.0400
Oct........................... 1.0500
1.0500
N ov .........................
1.0500
D e c .........................
Average, 1905......... 1.0367
100.0
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
122.0
122.0
123.1
123.1
123.1
121.6
80.3613
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
.4660
100.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
80.0381
.0465
.0448
.0455
.0455
.0455
.0455
.0458
.0465
.0488
.0488
.0530
.0590
.0479
100.0
122.0
117.6
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
120.2
122.0
128.1
128.1
139.1
154.9
125.7
84.8183
5.0500
4.9500
4.9500
5.0000
5.0000
5.0000
5.0000
5.1000
5.3600
5.3500
5.8500
6.1000
5.2250
100.0
104.8
102.7
102.7
103.8
103.8
103.8
103.8
105.8
111.0
111.0
121.4
126.6
108.4
Price
per
lock.
80.0817
.0900
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1550
.1496
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
110.2
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
183.1
Metals and implements.
Month.
Nails: cut, 8penny, fence
and common.
Nails: wire, 8penny, fence
and common.
Price Rela Price Rela
per 100 tive per 100 tive
pounds. price. pounds. price.
Average,1890-1899.. 81.8275
J a n .......................... 1.8500
F e b .......................... 1.8750
M ar.......................... 1.9000
A p r .......................... 1.8750
May.........................
1.8750
Ju ne........................ 1.9000
July.......................... 1.8500
A ug.......................... 1.7750
Sept.......................... 1.7000
Oct........................... 1.7500
N ov .......................... 1.7500
D e c .......................... 1.8000
Average, 1905......... 1.8250
100.0
101.2
102.6
104.0
102.6
102.6
104.0
101.2
97.1
93.0
95.8
95.8
98.5
99.9
82.1618
1.8500
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.9000
1.8958
Pig iron: Bes
semer.
Price
per
ton.
100.0 813.7783
85.6 16.7200
87.9 16.2000
87.9 16.3500
87.9 16.3500
87.9 16.1600
87.9 15.6500
87.9 14.9700
87.9 15.2500
87.9 15.8700
87.9 16.5400
87.9 17.9000
87.9 18.3500
87.7 16.3592
Rela
tive
price.
Pig iron:
foundry No. 1.
Price
per
ton.
100.0 814.8042
121.4 17.7500
117.6 17.7500
118.7 18.0000
118.7 18.2500
117.3 18.0600
113.6 17.6000
108.6 17.1900
110.7 17.2500
115.2 17.2500
120.0 17.8700
129.9 18.6500
133.2 19.0000
118.7 17.8850
Rela
tive
price.
Pig iron:
foundry No. 2.
Price
per
ton.
100.0 813.0533
119.9 17.3500
119.9 16.8500
121.6 16.8500
123.3 16.1250
122.0 16.7250
118.9 16.1000
116.1 15.3500
116.5 14.8500
116.5 15.2250
120.7 15.9750
126.0 17.3500
128.3 18.1750
120.8 16.4104
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
132.9
129.1
129.1
123.5
128.1
123.3
117.6
113.8
116.6
122.4
132.9
139.2
125.7
452
BULLETIN OF THE BUBEAU OF LABOB.
T able I I — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 853 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Metals and implements.
Month.
Average, 1890-1899.
J a n ..........................
F e b ..........................
M ar..........................
A p r ..........................
May..... ...................
J u n e........................
July..........................
A u g .........................
Sept.........................
Oct...........................
N o v ..........................
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905 .........
Pig iron: gray
forge, south
ern, coke.
Planes: Bailey
No. 5.
Quicksilver.
Rela
Price
tive
per ton. price.
Price
per
plane.
Rela Price
per
tive
price. pound.
$11.0892
15.2500
15.2500
15.2500
15.3750
15.1250
13.7500
13.1250
13.3750
13.2500
13.7500
14.8750
15.5000
14.4896
$1.3220
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
100.0
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
100.0
137.5
137.5
137.5
138.6
136.4
124.0
118.4
120.6
119.5
124.0
134.1
139.8
130.7
$0.5593
.5500
.5500
.5400
.5300
.5200
.5400
.5500
.5550
.5500
.5500
.5500
.5500
.5446
Saws: crosscut,
Disston.
Saws: hand,
Disston No. 7.
Rela Price Rela Price
tive
tive
per
price. per saw. price. dozen.
100.0
98.3
98.3
96.5
94.8
93.0
96.5
98.3
99.2
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
97.4
Rela
tive
price.
$1.6038 100.0 $12.7800
100.0
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 .100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000 ' 98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
1.6038 100.0 12.6000
98.6
Metals and implements.
Month.
Shovels: Ames
No. 2.
Price
per
dozen.
Average, 1890-1899. $7.8658
J a n .......................... 7.6200
F e b .......................... 7.6200
M ar.......................... 7.6200
A p r .......................... 7.6200
May.........................
7.6200
J u n e........................ 7.6200
July.......................... 7.6200
A u g .........................
7.6200
Sept.......................... 7.6200
Oct...........................
7.6200
N ov .......................... 7.6200
D e c .......................... 7.6200
Average, 1905......... 7.6200
Rela
tive
price.
Silver: bar,
fine.
Price
per
ounce.
100.0 $0.74899
96.9
.61379
96.9
.61776
.58717
96.9
.57300
96.9
96.9
.58485
96.9
.59016
96.9
.59548
96.9
.60935
96.9
.62355
96.9
.62625
96.9
.64445
96.9
.65520
96.9
.61008
Spelter: west
ern.
Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
price. pound. price.
100.0
81.9
82.5
78.4
76.5
78.1
78.8
79.5
81.4
83.3
83.6
86.0
87.5
81.5
$0.0452
.0613
.0625
.0615
.0600
.0578
.0525
.0530
.0565
.0580
.0605
.0620
.0645
.0592
Steel billets.
Price
per
ton.
100.0 $21.5262
135.6 22.5000
138.3 23.3700
136.1 23.7000
132.7 23.7500
127.9 23.5000
116.2 22.4000
117.3 22.5000
125.0 24.0000
128.3 25.0000
133.8 25.6200
137.2 26.0000
142.7 26.0000
131.0 24.0283
Rela
tive
price.
Steel rails.
Price
per
ton.
100.0 $26.0654
104.5 28.0000
108.6 28.0000
110.1 28.0000
110.3 28.0000
109.2 28.0000
104.1 28.0000
104.5 28.0000
111.5 28.0000
116.1 28.0000
119.0 28.0000
120.8 28.0000
120.8 28.0000
111.6 28.0000
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
Metals and implements.
Month.
Steel sheets:
black, No. 27.
Tin: pig.
Tin plates:
Trowels:
domestic, Bes M. C.
O., brick,
semer, coke,
10*-inch.
14 x 20 inch.
Rela Price
Price Rela Price
Rela
per
per
tive
tive per 100 tive
pound. price. pound. price. pounds. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. <*$0.0224 100.0
J a n ..........................
98.2
.0220
F e b ..........................
98.2
.0220
M ar..........................
98.2
.0220
A p r ..........................
.0230 102.7
M a y . ...................
.0230 102.7
J u n e........................
.0225 100.4
July..........................
97.3
.0218
A u g ..........................
99.6
.0223
Sept..........................
99.6
.0223
Oct...........................
99.6
.0223
N o v ..........................
.0215
96.0
D e c ..........................
98.2
.0220
.0222
Average, 1905.........
99.1
$0.1836
.2910
.2983
.2868
.3029
.3015
.2999
.3083
.3310
.3270
.3250
.3300
.3510
.3127
100.0 6$3.4148
3.7400
158.5
162.5
3.7400
156.2
3.7400
3.7400
165.0
164.2
3.7400
3.7400
163.3
3.7400
167.9
3.7400
180.3
178.1
3.7400
3.7400
177.0
3.4900
179.7
191.2
3.5900
170.3
3.7067
100.0
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.6
102.2
105.1
108.5
Rela
Price
per
tive
trowel. price.
$0.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
.3400
a Average for the period July, 1894, to December, 1899.
6 Average for 1896-1899.
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Vises: solid
box,
50-pound.
Price
per
vise.
$3.9009
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
4.1400
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
453
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I .— BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Metals and implements.
Month.
Wood screws:
1-inch, No. 10,
flat head.
Price
per
gross.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.1510
J a n ..........................
.1055
F e b ..........................
.1055
M ar..........................
.1055
A p r ..........................
.1055
M ay.........................
.1055
J u n e........................
.1055
July..........................
.1055
A u g ..........................
.1055
Sept..........................
.1055
Oct...........................
.1055
N ov ..........................
.1055
D e c ..........................
.1055
Average, 1905..........
.1055
Zinc: sheet.
Lumber and building materials.
Carbonate of Cement: Port
Brick: common lead:
American, land, domestic.
domestic.
in oil.
Rela
Price Rela
tive per 100 tive
price. pounds. price.
Price
per M.
Rela Price
Rela Price
per
tive
tive
per
price. pound. price. barrel.
$5.3112
6.9000
6.9000
6.9000
6.9000
6.7500
6.4400
6.4500
6.8300
6.9000
6.9000
6.9000
7.1300
6.8250
$5.5625
8.0000
9.1250
8.1250
7.6250
8.1250
7.1250
7.3750
7.6875
7.5000
7.8125
8.7500
10.0000
8.1042
100.0
143.8
164.0
146.1
137.1
146.1
128.1
132.6
138.2
134.8
140.4
157.3
179.8
145.7
100.0
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
100.0
129.9
129.9
129.9
129.9
127.1
121.3
121.4
128.6
129.9
129.9
129.9
134.2
128.5
$0.0577
.0613
.0613
.0613
.0613
.0613
.0613
.0613
.0613
.0662
.0662
.0686
.0686
.0633
100.0 o$l. 9963
106.2
1.3250
106.2
1.3250
106.2
1.3250
106.2
1.4000
106.2
1.4500
106.2
1.4750
106.2
1.4750
106.2
1.4750
114.7
1.4500
114.7
1.4500
1.4500
118.9
118.9
1.5250
109.7
1.4271
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
66.4
66.4
66.4
70.1
72.6
73.9
73.9
73.9
72.6
72.6
72.6
76.4
71.5
Lumber and building materials.
Month.
Cement: Rosendale.
Price
per
barrel.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.8871
J a n ..........................
.7250
F e b ..........................
.8250
M ar..........................
.8000
A p r ..........................
.8500
May........................
.8500
Ju n e........................
.8500
July..........................
.8500
A u g ..........................
.8500
Sept..........................
.8500
Oct...........................
.8500
N ov ..........................
.8500
D e c .........................
.8500
Average, 1905.........
.8333
Rela
tive
price.
Doors: western
white pine.
Price
per
<foor.
Rela
tive
price.
HBinlock.
Price
per M
feet.
100.0 6$1.0929 100.0 $11.9625
81.7
1.7100 0151.9 17.0000
93.0
1.7100 0151.9 17.0000
90.2
1.7100 0151.9 17.0000
95.8
1.7100 0151.9 17.0000
95.8
1.7100 0151.9 17.5000
95.8
2.0700 0183.9 17.5000
95.8
2.0700 0183.9 17.5000
95.8
2.0700 0183.9 18.0000
95.8
2.0700 0183.9 18.0000
95.8
2.0700 0183.9 19.0000
95.8
1.5700 0139.5 19.0000
95.8 ‘ 1.5700 0139.5 20.0000
93.9
1.8367 0163.2 17.8750
Lime: com
mon.
Rela Price
tive
per
price. barrel.
100.0
142.1
142.1
142.1
142.1
146.3
146.3
146.3
150.5
150.5
158.8
158.8
167.2
149.4
$0.8332
.8600
.8600
.8600
.8600
.8600
.8700
.9200
.9200
.9200
.9200
.9200
.9200
.8908
Linseed oil:
raw.
Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
price. gallon. price.
100.0
103.2
103.2
103.2
103.2
103.2
104.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
106.9
$0.4535
.4300
.4300
.4700
.4700
.4800
.5000
.5000
.5200
.5400
.4500
.4200
.4000
.4675
100.0
94.8
94.8
103.6
103.6
105.8
110.3
110.3
114.7
119.1
99.2
92.6
88.2
103.1
Lumber and building materials.
Month.
Maple: hard.
Oak: white,
plain.
Price Rela Price Rela
per
tive
per
tive
M feet. price. M feet. price.
Average, 1890-1899.
J a n ..........................
F e b ...................... .
M ar..........................
A p r ..........................
May.........................
Ju n e........................
July..........................
A u g .........................
Sept..........................
Oct...........................
N ov ..........................
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905.........
$26.5042
29.0000
29.0000
29.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
31.0000
30.5000
100.0 $37.4292
109.4 45.0000
109.4 46.5000
109.4 46.5000
117.0 46.5000
117.0 46.5000
117.0 48.0000
117.0 48.0000
117.0 48.0000
117.0 48.0000
117.0 48.0000
117.0 48.5000
117.0 48.5000
115.1 47.3333
Oak: white,
quartered.
Oxide of zinc.
Pine: white,
boards, No. 2
barn.
Rela Price
Price
Rela Price
Rela
•per
tive
per
per
tive
tive
M feet. price. pound. price. M ieet. price.
100.0 $53.6771
120.2 81.5000
124.2 81.5000
124.2 81.5000
124.2 81.5000
124.2 81.5000
128.2 81.5000
128.2 78.5000
128.2 78.5000
128.2 78.5000
128.2 78.5000
129.6 80.0000
129.6 80.0000
126.5 80.2500
100.0
151.8
151.8
151.8
151.8
151.8
151.8
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
149.0
149.0
149.5
$0.0400
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0463
.0488
.0465
100.0 $17.1104
115.8 23.0000
115.8 23.0000
115.8 23.0000
115.8 23.0000
115.8 23.0000
115.8 24.0000
116.8 24.0000
115.8 24.0000
115.8 24.6000
116.8 24.5000
115.8 30.5000
122.0 30.5000
116.3 24.7500
Average for 1895-1899.
5 Doors: pine, unmolded, 2 feet 8 inches by 6 feet 8 inches, 1£ inches thick.
o For method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, $1.74.
a
100.0
134.4
134.4
134.4
134.4
134.4
140.3
140.3
140.3
143.2
143.2
178.3
178.3
144.6
454
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able I I . — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Lumber and building materials.
Pine: white,
boards, upper.
Pine: yellow.
Plate glass:
polished, area
3 to 5 sq. ft.
Plate glass:
polished, area
5 to 10 sq. ft.
Price
per M
feet.
Price
per M
feet.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
square
foot.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
square
foot.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
134.9
$0.3630
.2050
.2050
.2050
.2250
.2250
.2250
.2250
.2250
.2500
.3000
.3000
.3000
.2408
100.0
56.5
56.5
56.5
62.0
62.0
62.0
62.0
62.0
68.9
82.6
82.6
82.6
66.3
$0.5190
.3250
.3250
.3250
.3600
.3600
.3600
.3600
.3600
.4100
.4300
.4300
.4300
.3729
100.0 $31.3667
62.6 48.5000
62.6 48.6000
62.6 48.5000
69.4 48.5000
69.4 48.5000
69.4 48.0000
69.4 48.0000
69.4 48.0000
79.0 48.0000
82.9 48.0000
82.9 48.0000
82.9 48.0000
71.8 48.2083
Month.
Average, 1890-1899.
J a n .........................
F e b .........................
M ar.........................
A p r ..........................
May..........................
Ju n e........................
July..........................
A u g..........................
Sept..........................
Oct...........................
N o v ..........................
D e c ..........................
Average, 1905.........
Rela
tive
price.
$46.5542
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
82.0000
85.5000
85.5000
82.5833
100.0 $18.4646
176.1 22.0000
176.1 22.0000
176.1 22.0000
176.1 22.0000
176.1 22.0000
176.1 27.0000
176.1 27.0000
176.1 27.0000
176.1 27.0000
176.1 27.0000
183.7 27.0000
183.7 27.0000
177.4 24.9167
Poplar.
Price
per M
feet.
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
154.6
154.6
154.6
154.6
154.6
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.7
Lumber and building materials.
Putty.
Month.
Price Rela
per
tive
pound. price.
Average,1890-1899.. $0.0158
J a n ..........................
.0105
F e b ..........................
.0105
M ar.........................
.0105
A p r ..........................
.0105
May..........................
.0105
J u n e........................
.0105
July..........................
.0110
A u g ..........................
.0110
Sept..........................
.0110
Oct...........................
.0115
N ov ..........................
.0115
D e c ..........................
.0115
Average, 1905.........
.0109
100.0
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.5
69.6
69.6
69.6
72.8
72.8
72.8
69.0
Resin: good,
strained.
Shingles:
cypress.
Price
per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Price Rela
tive
per M. price.
$1.4399
2.8250
2.8750
2.9000
3.0000
3.2500
4.1000
3.6000
3.6000
3.7000
3.8500
4.1250
3.2500
3.4229
100.0
196.2
199.7
201.4
208.3
225.7
284.7
250.0
250.0
257.0
267.4
286.5
225.7
237.7
$2.8213
2.6000
2.6000
2.6000
2.6000
2.6000
2.6000
2.8500
2.8500
2.8500
2.8500
2.8500
2.8500
2.7250
Shingles: Mich,
white pine,
16 in., X X X X .
Price
per M.
Rela
tive
price.
Month.
Turpentine:
spirits of.
Price
per
barrel.
Average, 1890-1899. $1.2048
J a n .......................... 1.6000
F e b .......................... 1.6000
M ar.......................... 1.6000
A p r .......................... 1.7000
M ay.........................
1.8000
J u n e........................ 1.8000
July.......................... 1.8000
A u g .......................... 2.0000
Sept.......................... 1.8000
Oct...........................
1.8000
N o v .......................... 1.8000
D e c .......................... 1.8000
Average, 1905......... 1.7583
Price
Rela
per M. tive
feet. price.
100.0 a$3.7434 100.0 $14.3489
92.2
3.5000 5119.9 20.5000
92.2
3.5000 5119.9 20.5000
92.2
3.5000 6119.9 20.5000
92.2
3.5000 6119.9 20.5000
92.2
3.5000 6119.9 20.5000
92.2
3.5000 6119.9 20.5000
101.0
3.5000 6119.9 20.5000
101.0
3.5000 6119.9 21.5000
101.0
3.5000 6119.9 22.5000
101.0
3.5000 6119.9 22.5000
101.0
3.5000 6119.9 23.5000
3.5000 6119.9 23.5000
101.0
96.6
3.5000 6119.9 21.4167
Window glass: Window glass:
American,
American,
grain,
single, firsts,
single, thirds, Alcohol:
94 per cent.
6x8 to 10x15
6x8 to 10x15
inch.
inch.
Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
price. gallon. price.
Price
per 50
sq. ft.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per 50
sq. ft.
Rela
tive
price.
Price Rela
per
tive
gallon. price.
100.0
158.5
167.5
161.2
182.5
181.0
232.6
179.5
181.7
192.9
207.1
213.9
194.4
187.7
$2.1514
2.7200
2.7200
2.5600
2.5600
2.6000
2.6000
2.6000
3.2500
2.9250
2.9250
2.9250
2.7788
2.7637
100.0
126.4
126.4
119.0
119.0
120.9
120.9
120.9
151.1
136.0
136.0
136.0
129.2
128.5
$1.8190
2.1250
2.1250
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.5000
2.2500
2.2500
2.2500
2.1375
2.1365
100.0
116.8
116.8
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
137.4
123.7
123.7
123.7
117.5
117:5
$2.2405
2.4000
2.3800
2.3800
2.3800
2.3800
2.4100
2.4300
2.4300
2.4700
2.4900
2.4900
2.4900
2.4275
100.0
132.8
132.8
132.8
141.1
149.4
149.4
149.4
166.0
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
145.9
$0.3343
.5300
.5600
.5388
.6100
.6050
.7775
.6000
.6075
.6450
.6925
.7150
.6500
.6276
a Shingles, white pine, 18-inch, X X X X .
^
6 For method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price for 1904, $3.5750.
100.0
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
149.8
156.8
156.8
163.8
163.8
149.3
Drugs and
chemicals.
Lumber and building materials.
Tar.
Spruce.
100.0
107.1
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
107.6
108.5
108.5
110.2
111.1
111.1
111.1
108.3
455
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T
able
I I .—
BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), ETC.— Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Drugs and chemicals.
Month.
Alcohol: wood,
refined, 95 per
cent.
Alum: lump.
Brimstone:
crude, seconds.
Glycerin: re
fined.
Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
per
per
tive
tive
per
tive
tive
gallon. price. pound. price. per ton. price. pound. price.
Average,1890-1899.. 30.9539
J a il..........................
.6000
F e b ..........................
.6000
M ar..........................
.6000
A p r ..........................
.7000
May..........................
.7000
.7000
Ju n e........................
July..........................
.7000
A ug..........................
.7000
.7000
Sept..........................
O c t ..........................
.7000
N ov ..........................
.7000
.7000
D e c ..........................
.6750
Average, 1905.........
100.0
62.9
62.9
62.9
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
70.8
30.0167
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0175
100.0 320.6958
104.8 21.4500
104.8 21.4500
104.8 21.4500
104.8 20.9000
104.8 20.7500
104.8 20.7000
104.8 20.2500
104.8 19.7500
104.8 22.0000
104.8 22.1250
104.8 22.1250
104.8 22.2500
104.8 21.2667
100.0
103.6
103.6
103.6
101.0
100.3
100.0
97.8
95.4
106.3
106.9
106.9
107.5
102.8
30.1399
.1300
.1300
.1300
.1275
.1250
.1225
.1225
. 1225
.1200
.1200
.1175
.1175
.1238
Drugs and chemicals.
Month.
100.0
92.9
92.9
92.9
91.1
89.3
87.6
87.6
87.6
85.8
85.8
84.0
84.0
88.5
Muriatic acid:
20°.
Price R ela
per
tive
pound. price.
30.0104
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
.0160
100.0
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
House furnishing goods.
Earthenware:
Opium: natu Quinine: Amer Sulphuric acid: plates,
creamican.
ral, in cases.
66°.
colored.
Earthenware:
plates, white
granite.
Price Rela Price
per
per
tive
pound. price. ounce.
Average, 1890-1899. 32.3602
2.7250
J a n .........................
F e b .........................
2.8500
M ar.........................
2.9750
A p r .......................... 2.9500
May.......................... 2.8750
J u n e........................ 2.9500
July.......................... 3.0000
A u g .......................... 3.1500
Sept.......................... 3.3000
O c t .......................... 3.3000
N ov .......................... 3.2000
D e c .......................... 3.1250
Average, 1905......... 3.0333
100.0
115.5
120.8
126.0
125.0
121.8
125.0
127.1
133.5
139.8
139.8
135.6
132.4
128.5
30.2460
.2300
.2300
.2300
.2300
.2100
.2000
.2000
.2000
.2000
.2000
.2000
.1900
.2100
Rela Price Rela
tive
per
tive
price. pound. price.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
dozen.
30.0089
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0130
.0110
.0120
.0120
.0120
.0120
.0120
.0124
30.4136
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
.4410
100.0
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
30.4479
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
.4586
100.0
93.5
93.5
93.5
93.5
85.4
81.3
81.3
81.3
81.3
81.3
81.3
77.2
85.4
100.0
146.1
146.1
146.1
146.1
146.1
146.1
123.6
134.8
134.8
134.8
134.8
134.8
139.3
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
House furnishing goods.
Month.
Earthenware:
teacups and
saucers, white
granite.
Furniture:
bedroom sets,
ash.
Price
per gross Rela
Rela
(6 dozen tive
Price
tive
cups and price. per set. price.
6 dozen
saucers).
Average, 1890-1899. 33.4292
J a n .........................
3.3869
F e b .........................
3.3869
M ar.........................
3.3869
A p r .......................... 3.3869
M ay.......................... 3.3869
J u n e........................ 3.3869
July.......................... 3.3869
A u g .........................
3.3869
Sept.......................... 3.3869
Oct........................... 3.3869
N o v .......................... 3.3869
D e c .......................... 3.3869
Average, 1906......... 3.3869
100.0
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
810.555
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
12.250
13.500
12.354
100.0
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
127.9
117.0
Furniture:
chairs, bed
room, maple.
Furniture:
Furniture:
chairs, kitchen. tables, kitchen.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
dozen.
86.195
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
100.0
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
83.8255
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
4.7500
100.0
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
814.435
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
456
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAtr OP LABOR,
T able I I . — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), ETC.—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
House furnishing goods.
Month.
Glassware:
Glassware:
Table cutlery: Table cutlery:
Glassware:
knives and
i-galtumblers,
carvers, stag
nappies, 4-inch. pitchers,
forks, cocobolo
lon, common. i-pint, common.
handles.
handles.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.1120
.1400
J a n .........................
F e b .........................
.1400
M ar.........................
.1400
A p r ..........................
.1400
M ay..........................
.1400
.1400
J u n e........................
J u l y ........................
.1400
A u g .........................
.1400
Sept..........................
.1400
Oct...........................
.1400
N ov ..........................
.1400
D e c ..........................
.1400
.1400
Average, 1905.........
100.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
$1.175
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
100.0
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
$0.1775
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
.1500
-.1500
.1500
.1500
100.0
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
House furnishing goods.
Month.
Wooden ware:
pails, oakgramed.
Price
per
dozen.
Average, 1890-1899. $1.2988
J a n .......................... 1.7000
F e b .......................... 1.7000
M ar.......................... 1.7000
A p r .......................... 1.7000
May.......................... 1.7000
J u n e........................ 1.7000
July.......................... 1.7000
A u g.......................... 1.7000
Sept.......................... 1.7000
Oct...........................
1.7000
N ov .......................... 1.7000
D e c .......................... 1.7000
Average, 1905......... 1.7000
Wooden ware:
tubs, oak
grained.
Price
per
pair.
$0.80
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
Rela
tive
price.
Price
per
gross.
100.0
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
$6.0600
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.7500
6.0000
6.6875
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
99.0
110.4
Miscellaneous.
Cotton-seed
meal.
Cotton-seed oil:
summer yel
low, prime.
Jute: raw,
M-double tri
angle, ship
ment.
Rela Price
Rela Price Rela Price
Rela Price
Rela
tive per nest tive per ton tive
per
tive
per
tive
2,000 price. gallon.
price.
of 3.
price. oflbs.
price. pound. price.
100.0
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
$1.3471
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
100.0 $21.9625
107.6 26.1000
107.6 25.2500
107.6 26.1000
107.6 25.8500
107.6 26.0000
107.6 26.0000
107.6 25.7500
107.6 26.5000
107.6 26.9500
107.6 26.6000
107.6 26.6000
107.6 28.6000
107.6 26.3583
100.0
118.8
115.0
118.8
117.7
118.4
118.4
117.2
120.7
122.7
121.1
121.1
130.2
120.0
$0.3044
.2250
.2400
.2650
.2600
.2650
.2900
.2750
.3000
.2875
.2600
.2800
.2875
.2696
100.0 «$0.0359
100.0
73.9
.0388 6147.2
78.8
.0450 6170.8
87.1
.0450 6170.8
85.4
.0425 6161.3
87.1
.0400 6151.8
95.3
.0388 6147.2
90.3
.0338 6128.3
98.6
.0350 6132.8
94.4
.0350 6132.8
85.4
.0388 6147.2
92.0
.0413 6156.7
94.4
.0438 6166.2
88.6
.0398 6151.0
a Jute: raw, spot quotations.
&For method of computing relative price, see page 358; average price of shipments for 1904,
457
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able
II__ BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), ETC.— Concluded.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 353 to 358. For a more detailed description
of the articles, see Table I. Average for 1905 computed from quotations in Table I.]
Miscellaneous.
Month.
Malt: western
made.
Paper: news.
Paper: wrap
ping, manila.
Proof spirits.
Rope: manila,
&-inch.
Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela Price Rela
Price
per
tive
per
tive
tive
per
tive
per
tive
per
bushel. price. pound. price. pound. price. gallon. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.7029
J a n ....... . -. ........
.6200
.6050
F e b ..........................
.6050
M ar..........................
.6050
A p r ..........................
.6050
May..........................
.6100
J u n e ........................
.6100
July..........................
.6100
A u g ..........................
.6200
gept..........................
.6400
Oct...........................
.6250
N o v ..........................
.6250
D e c ..........................
,6150
Average, 1905.........
100.0
88.2
86.1
86.1
86.1
86.1
86.8
86.8
86.8
88.2
91.1
88.9
88.9
87.5
$0.0299
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0275
.0225
.0225
.0225
.0225
.0225
.0225
.0225
.0225
.0242
100.0
92.0
92.0
92.0
92.0
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
80.9
$0.0553
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
.0525
100.0
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
$1.1499
1.2313
1.2250
1.2250
1.2250
1.2338
1.2625
1.2700
1.2725
1.2860
1.3000
1.3000
1.3000
1.2616
100.0 a$0.0934
.1188
107.1
.1188
106.5
.1188
106.5
.1188
106.5
.1188
107.3
.1175
109.8
.1175
110.4
.1175
110.7
.1175
111.8
.1200
113.1
.1250
113.1
.1250
113.1
.1195
109.7
100.0
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.2
125.8
125.8
125.8
125.8
128.5
133.8
133.8
127.9
Miscellaneous.
Month.
Rubber: Para
Island.
Soap: castile,
mottled,
pure.
Rela Price
Price
per
tive
per
pound. price. pound.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.8007
J a n .......................... 1.1250
F e b .......................... 1.2150
1.2550
Mai*
..... i ___
A p r .......................... 1.2800
M a y ........................ 1.2850
June........................ 1.3250
J u ly .......... ............ 1.2750
A u g ........................ 1.2450
S e p t ........................ 1.2650
O c t .......................... 1.2550
N ov.......................... 1.1800
D e c .......................... 1.2050
1.2425
Average, 1905
100.0
140.6
151.7
156.7
159.9
160.5
165.5
159.2
155.5
158.0
156.7
147.4
150.5
155.2
$0.0569
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
.0650
Starch:
laundry.
Rela Price Rela
per
tive
tive
price. pound. price.
100.0
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
$0.0348
.0350
.0350
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0325
.0329
a f-inch.
100.0
100.6
100.6
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
94.5
Tobacco:
Tobacco: plug, smoking, gran
ulated, Seal of
Horseshoe.
N. C.
Rela Price
Price
per
per
tive
pound. price. pound.
$0.3962
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
.4900
100.0
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
$0.5090
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
.6000
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
458
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able m .—
RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899 = 100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative pnce for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Farm products.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay...
Ju ne...
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
Oct —
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
Cot
ton:
up
land,
mid
dling.
92.1
100.2
104.2
101.9
106.7
115.8
143.3
140.7
139.3
133.5
147.7
156.4
123.1
Grain.
Flax
seed:
No. 1.
Com:
Bar
ley: by No. 2,
sample. cash.
106.7
107.3
117.0
117.2
119.0
124.4
120.4
119.5
97.9
88.0
86.7
87.1
107.6
104.5
102.1
103.9
105.3
107.5
108.7
109.5
100.9
108.3
108.4
112.5
111.2
107.0
112.8
116.8
124.9
126.0
137.5
143.7
150.3
142.9
139.0
136.9
125.2
123.7
131.7
Oats:
cash.
Rye:
No. 2,
cash.
112.2
114.4
115.1
112.6
113.5
118.5
120.7
98.5
99.0
107.9
111.2
114.5
111.2
141.8
142.8
148.1
145.9
144.5
141.8
Wheat:
con
tract
grades,
cash.
Aver
age.
157.8
158.3
153.6
146.5
134.6
144.4
138.4
120.2
113.0
116.9
116.8
116.2
134.5
125.8
126.9
129.1
127.3
127.5
131.4
132.1
114.7
116.4
120.3
119.3
118.4
123.8
a l A l .8
111.2
122.7
131.5
130.8
126.2
134.5
Hides:
green,
Hops:
Hay: salted,
New
timo packers, York
thy,
heavy
State,
No. 1. native choice.
steers.
107.4
110.3
109.7
110.3
110.3
104.3
103.7
111.7
104.9
104.5
110.3
107.9
107.9
147.3
144.0
138.7
139.9
143.5
143.2
150.8
162.8
162.1
163.7
167.1
168.3
152.6
203.3
197.6
172.2
158.1
158.1
158.1
149.6
144.0
127.0
115.8
115.8
111.5
150.9
Aver
age.
Average,
farm
prod
ucts.
116.6
120.0
124.4
128.0
121.3
119.4
122.4
125.3
119.0
119.0
115.3
121.0
121.0
124.1
125.9
127.1
127.0
125.2
126.2
128.9
125.3
120.4
120.1
119.7
121.8
124.2
Farm products.
Live stock.
Month.
Cattle.
Steers, Steers,
choice good to
to extra. choice.
Jan.. . .
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A pr---M ay...
Ju n e...
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Oct —
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
113.0
111.6
113.4
123.7
117.3
111. 5
107.8
109.8
110.5
109.7
110.1
107.1
112.2
110.2
108.0
115.0
126.3
117.9
112.5
109.2
109.9
106.0
103.6
101.7
101.6
110.2
Hogs.
Aver
age. Heavy. Light.
111.6
109.8
114.2
125.0
117.6
112.0
108.5
109.9
108.3
106.7
105.9
104.4
111.2
106.9
112.8
118.5
125.2
122.0
122.7
128.0
135.3
125.9
118.1
109.5
113.5
119.9
104.9
110.6
116.0
122.4
121.1
122.7
130.6
140.4
128.7
121.8
110.2
113.5
120.4
Sheep.
Aver Native.
age.
105.9
111.7
117.3
123.8
121.6
122.7
129.3
137.9
127.3
120.0
109.9
113.5
120.2
130.1
140.2
144.0
138.7
128.7
128.2
131.1
129.5
124.7
133.8
139.2
149.2
134.5
West
ern.
Aver
age.
134.4
136.6
139.3
131.8
121.0
118.5
127.4
126.7
118.1
327.1
120.8
141.2
128.5
132.3
138.4
141.7
135.3
124.9
123.4
129.3
128.1
121.4
130.5
130.0
145.2
131.5
Food, etc.
Bread.
Crackers.
Month.
medium,
choice.
Boston.
Ja n ___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A pr—
M a y ...
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
110.8
125.8
138.5
133.2
125.8
125.8
131.7
134.0
134.0
134.0
119.8
131.7
128.8
118.9
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
132.6
Soda.
90.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
97.5
90.5
90.5
90.5
95.1
Loaf.
Home
Washing
made
Average. ton mar
(N. Y.
ket.
market).
104.7
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
112.1
112.1
112.1
113.8
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
Vienna
Average.
(N. Y.
Average.
market).
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
a Nominal price; see explanation on page 359.
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
113.6
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
110.9
108.4
112.8
112.8
112.8
112.8
112.8
112.8
112.8
112.8
111.4
111.4
111.4
112.1
459
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I I . — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Food, etc.
Fish.
Eggs:
Cheese;
Cream
newN. Y. Coffee: laid, Cod, Her- Mack
Dairy,
ery,
Rio
Salmon,
dry, ring, erel,
extra
New Aver State,
full
salt, canned. Aver
No. 7. fancy,
near bank, shore, large,
age.
(N.Y. York
age. . cream.
mar State.
by. large. round. No. 3s.
ket).
Butter.
Month. Cream
ery, Elgin
(Elgin
mar
ket).
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
133.6
149.8
126.7
134.2
104.6
92.2
92.2
96.2
96.2
100.5
108.3
112.9
111.9
132.2
144.5
129.1
144.2
113.6
97.3
97.6
101.3
99.1
104.7
113.3
112.7
115.6
130.9
146.1
127.4
137.4
105.6
91.6
92.6
95.4
93.5
99.5
106.5
109.1
111.0
132.2
146.8
127.7
138.6
107.9
93.7
94.1
97.6
96.3
101.6
109.4
111.6
112.8
68.5
66.2
60.0
59.0
60.5
60.5
59.5
65.2
68.1
66.2
63.3
63.3
63.4
121.1
131.1
138.7
141.8
117.0
95.0
99.4
112.0
120.7
123.1
139.3
139.3
122.8
174.7
173.9
109.2
100.9
101.4
101.9
113.0
127.4
134.4
153.3
184.1
182.8
138.2
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
129.8
138.8
141.0
141.0
132.4
172.1
178.7
145.6
a U 5 .6
a lU 5 .6
a lU 5 .6
am . 6
am . 6
158.9
152.3
152.3
152.3
158.9
113.2
106.2
106.2
102.6
99.1
99.1
88.5
92.0
92.0
95.5
92.0
95.5
98.5
117.1
117.1
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.4
115.7
133.1
133.0
124.3
123.4
122.5
122.5
119.8
120.7
124.0
125.5
125.2
126.1
126.4
Food, etc.
Flour.
Month.
Buck
wheat.
Jan. . . .
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
A u g ...
S e p t...
Oct —
N ov...
D ec___
1905....
Fruit.
Wheat.
105.5102.9
102.9
a m . 9
a m . 9
a m . 9
am . 9
am . 9
124.8
128.7
112.0
112.0
112.7
Rye.
Spring
patents.
141.7
140.9
140.2
140.2
134.9
135.7
128.9
135.7
128.1
128.1
131.9
129.6
134.7
Apples.
Winter
straights. Average.
139.7
140.5
137.4
132.1
129.2
134.1
134.7
126.1
117.5
108.8
107.9
106.3
126.2
136.5
135.9
133.3
128.3
122.1
120.9
120.3
114.2
104.4
101.4
100.0
100.1
118.1
Average.
138.1
138.2
135.4
130.2
125.7
127.5
127.5
120.2
111.0
105.1
104.0
103.2
122.2
Evapo
rated,
choice.
130.9
130.1
128.5
125.9
122.3
123.4
121.7
119.7
118.7
116.8
113.0
112.0
122.9
63.5
67.9
73.8
73.8
73.8
73.8
76.7
82.6
88.5
91.5
106.3
118.1
82.5
Sundried.
Average.
68.0
68.0
55.9
53.4
51.1
49.7
61.1
58.3
82.5
82.5
92.2
97.1
67.6
65.8
68.0
64.9
63.6
62.5
61.8
63.9
70.5
85.5
87.0
99.3
107.6
75.1
Food, etc.
Meal: com .
Fruit.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
J u ly ...
A u g...
Sept. . .
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
Lard:
Glucose.
Raisins,
Prunes, California,
prime
Currants, California,
(*>)
contract.
Average.
in barrels. in boxes. London
layer.
133.3
125.1
121.6
113.3
111.7
116.8
118.4
143.5
141.6
145.1
145.1
153.3
130.7
56.6
53.4
53.4
49.2
46.9
48.4
53.4
64.6
69.5
69.5
71.8
75.1
59.3
85.0
•83.3
83.3
81.6
70.0
70.0
70.0
70.0
70.0
78.3
81.6
106.6
79.1
81.3
79.5
77.6
74.3
70.7
71.7
73.9
83.8
90.4
93.4
99.4
110.0
83.8
127.6
130.4
130.4
130.4
110.0
113.5
113.5
113.5
134.7
134.7
127.6
134.7
125.1
108.4
107.5
109.6
112.7
111.2
110.6
111.8
122.3
121.3
115.9
115.1
120.8
113.9
a Nominal price; see explanation on page 359.
b
Average for 1893-1899=100.
Fine
white.
128.7
119.2
124.0
124.0
119.2
124.0
128.7
138.3
138.3
124.0
128.7
119.2
126.4
Fine
yellow.
Average.
132.8
122.9
127.8
127.8
122.9
127.8
132.8
142.6
142.6
127.8
132.8
122.9
130.3
130.8
121.1
125.9
125.9
121.1
125.9
130.8
140.5
140.5
125.9
130.8
121.1
128.4
460
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR
T able HI.—
RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table 1.]
Food, etc.
Meat.
Ja n ___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A p r___
M ay...
Ju n e...
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
Pork.
Beef.
Month.
Fresh,
native
sides.
Salt,
extra
mess.
Salt,
hams,
west
ern.
Aver
age.
Bacon,
short
clear
sides.
106.4
103.8
101.3
116.0
118.0
108.7
103.8
105.1
101.3
96.6
91.6
94.0
104.0
115.4
115.4
115.4
127.9
140.3
140.3
130.4
121.6
121.6
121.6
124.7
124.7
125.0
125.8
125.8
125.1
123.0
120.2
120.2
120.6
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
117.5
121.6
115.9
118.3
113.9
122.3
126.2
123.1
118.3
115.6
114.4
112.8
112.2
112.1
116.9
103.6
108.3
108.7
113.5
113.9
118.1
124.1
135.7
134.2
127.6
117.5
115.3
118.5
Bacon,
Salt,
short Hams, mess,
smoked. old to
rib
sides.
new.
94.9
98.6
99.8
105.5
109.2
111.9
111.2
114.6
112.5
107.5
107.8
102.4
106.3
102.9
107.6
110.1
113.4
114.9
119.7
124.8
137.3
135.2
128.2
119.4
117.2
119.4
114.3
115.2
114.8
116.7
115.8
116.9
119.8
132.8
138.6
139.7
131.4
129.5
123.9
Mutton,
Aver dressed.
age.
103.9
107.4
108.4
112.3
113.5
116.7
120.0
130.1
130.1
125.8
119.0
116.1
117.0
108.8
122.7
126.0
117.8
112.1
106.9
115.3
106.8
111.1
112.7
112.7
118.6
113.9
Aver
age.
109.0
112.2
112.7
116.7
118.1
117.8
118.8
121.8
121.8
119.3
115.7
114.9
116.6
Food, etc.
Month.
Jan —
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr---M ay . . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec---1905....
Milk:
fresh.
137.3
132.5
122.4
111.0
100.4
78.4
93.3
98.0
107.8
117.6
124.3
137.3
113.3
Molasses:
Rice:
New
Orleans, domestic,
open ket choice.
tle, prime.
106.3
301.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
107.9
102.5
70.2
70.2
70.2
70.2
70.2
72.4
76.8
76.8
76.8
79.1
79.1
80.2
74.3
Spices.
Soda: bi
Salt:
carbonate
Ameri of,
Pepper,
Ameri Nutmegs. Singa Average.
can.
can.
pore.
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
62.2
119.3
119.3
114.1
102.9
106.5
106.5
110.7
100.1
97.7
99.4
104.7
106.5
107.2
45.1
41.6
40.5
40.5
40.5
38.5
40.2
40.2
39.1
39.1
36.4
36.4
39.8
172.0
165.3
161.9
165.3
165.3
156.9
161.0
165.3
166.1
161.9
156.1
152.7
162.5
108.6
103.5
101.2
102.9
102.9
97.7
100.6
102.8
102.6
100.5
96.3
94.6
101.2
Starch:
pure
com .
100.4
100.4
100.4
104.9
104.9
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
104.9
104.9
104.9
100.7
Food, etc.
Month.
Jan —
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr—
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S e p t...
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec—
1905....
Sugar.
Tea:
For
89° fair 96° cen Granu Aver Tallow. mosa,
refin trifu lated.
age.
fine.
ing.
gal.
134.3
133.8
129.5
122.5
112.9
108.5
101.2
101.2
93.3
87.4
85.7
91.1
108.8
130.8
130.5
127.8
123.8
115.3
111.4
105.0
105.0
98.2
92.5
90.4
93.3
110.6
123.1
125.3
124.8
124.8
120.1
115.9
107.6
107.3
101.0
95.2
92.9
94.1
111.2
129.4
129.9
127.4
123.7
116.1
111.9
104.6
104.5
97.5
91.7
89.7
92.8
110.2
104.6
103.4
106.4
106.4
104.1
102.1
100.7
103.7
99.1
98.9
105.5
104.8
103.2
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
89.8
89.8
89.8
86.3
94.2
Vegetables, fresh.
Pota
Onions. toes,Bur Aver
age.
bank.
132.4
147.1
147.1
88.2
73.5
66.2
55.0
44.1
73.5
95.6
103.0
117.7
95.3
70.4
68.6
57.9
49.3
44.6
44.6
a u .6
a u u .6
91.2
110.7
134.0
122.6
80.7
a Nominal price; see explanation on page 359.
101.4
107.9
102.5
68.8
59.1
55.4
49.7
44.4
82.4
103.2
118.5
120.2
88.0
Vinegar:
cider,
Mon
arch.
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
101.5
101.5
101.5
101.5
115.0
98.6
Averfo S ,
etc.
112.2
113.6
110.3
109.0
104.6
102.7
103.2
105.9
108.3
108.8
110.2
112.1
108.7
461
COURSE OP WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I I . — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=?100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Boots and shoes.
Blankets.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
M a r ...
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec—
1905....
Bags:
2:bu.,
Amoskeag.
11-4,
cotton
11-4,
all
warp,
wool. all-wool
filling.
11-4,
cotton
warp,
cotton
and
wool
filling.
Aver
age.
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
126.4
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
141.5
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
132.2
100.1
100.1
100.1
103.6
103.6
103.6
103.6
107.2
117.9
121.5
121.5
109.6
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
Men’s
Men’s
Men’s calf, bal. Men’s vici kid Wom
en’s
shoes,
shoes,
brosolid
split
Good grain
gans,
Good boots.
year
year
split.
shoes.
welt.
welt.
93.6
93.5
93.5
93.5
96.0
96.0
98.5
101.1
101.1
106.1
118.8
126.3
101.5
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
98.9
103.1
103.1
103.1
100.0
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
119.3
119.3
122.3
125.4
128.4
134.6
120.5
89.1
89.1
91.3
91.3
93.5
93.5
95.7
97.8
100.0
100.0
102.2
102.2
95.5
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
119.3
119.3
119.3
122.3
122.3
122.3
122.3
122.3
119.5
Aver
age.
102.8
102.8
103.2
103.2
104.8
104.8
106.3
107.9
108.9
111.4
115.0
117.7
107.4
Cloths and clothing.
Ja n ___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A pr___
May . . .
J u n e...
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S e p t. . .
O c t ___
N ov___
D e c ___
1905....
112.9
112.9
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
115.2
Cotton flannels.
Carpets.
Broad
cloth:
Month. first qual Calico:
ity, black, Cocheco
54-inch,
prints.
XXX
wool.
Brussels,
5-frame,
Bigelow.
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
90.4
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
93.5
Ingrain,
2-ply,
Lowell.
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1
115.1*
115.1
115.1
119.2
119.2
119.2
119.2
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
114.1
116.2
116,2
116.2
Wilton,
2| yards
5-frame, Average. to the
pound.
Bigelow.
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.0
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
115.9
120.4
113.3
113.3
116.9
116.9
116.9
123.9
123.9
123.9
127.5
127.5
127.5
121.0
3£ yards
to the Average.
pound.
117.4
117.4
117.4
113.0
113.0
113.0
121.7
121.7
121.7
121.7
121.7
121.7
118.4
118.9
115.4
115.4
115.0
115.0
115.0
122.8
122.8
122.8
124.6
124.6
124.6
119.7
Cloths and clothing.
Cotton yarns.
Cotton
thread:
Carded,
Month. 6-cord, 200- Carded,
Denims:
white,
white,
Amosyard
mulemuleAverage.
keag.
spools,
spun,
spun,
J. & P.
northern, northern,
Coats. cones, 10/1., cones, 22/1.
Jan. . . .
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr—
M a y ...
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug ...'
S ep t. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
102.6
99.5
99.5
99.5
96.4
99.5
108.8
111.9
115.0
115.0
121.3
124.4
107.8
5929— No. 63—06----- 9
99.0
96.5
96.5
96.5
96.5
96.5
104.1
109.2
109.2
106.7
114.3
116.8
103.5
100.8
98.0
98.0
98.0
96.5
98.0
106.5
110. f
112.1
110.9
117.8
120.6
105.7
105.4
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
100.6
100.6
110.2
110.2
110.2
110.2
114.9
103.7
Drillings.
Brown,
Pepperell.
118.0
118.0
122.4
122.4
122.4
126.7
126.7
131.1
131.1
131.1
131.1
131.1
126.0
Flannels:
white,
4-4.*Bal-*
30-inch, Average. lard
Vale
Stark A.
No. 3.
120.3
119.4
121.1
120.0
120.2
120.7
120.9
121.1
120.5
121.9
122.8
128.4
121.5
119.2
118.7
121.8
121.2
121.3
123.7
123.8
126.1
125.8
126.5
127.0
129.8
123.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
117.8
121.2
121.2
118.4
462
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able III— RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Ginghams.
Month.
Hosiery.
Horseblan
kets: 6 Men’s cotton
Women’s Women’ s cot
half hose, Men’s cotton
combed
ton hose,
Amos- Lan Aver pounds
half hose, Egyptian
each,
seamless,
cot- seamless, fast Aver
keag. caster. age.
84 tonnose, high
age.
all
fast black, seamless,
black,
needles.
wool.
20 to 22 oz.
spliced heel.a 26 to 28 oz.
Jan —
93.8
F e b .... 93.8
Mar . . . 93.8
Apr—
93.8
M ay. . . 93.8
June .. 93.8
J u ly ... 93.8
Aug . . . 98.5
S ept. . . 98.5
O c t___ 98.5
Nov . . . 103.2
D ec___ 103.2
1905--.. 96.6
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
87.3
91.6
91.6
91.6
96.0
100.3
90.2
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
90.6
95.1
95.1
95.1
99.6
101.8
93.4
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
&82.1
5 82.1
5 82.1
75.8
c 75.8
o75.8
0 75.8
o 75.8
82.1
<*82.1
<*82.1
<*82.1
o82.1
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
89.2
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.6
581.6
581.6
5 81.6
75.8
o75.8
o 75.8
o75.8
o 75.8
84.2
<*84.2
<*84.2
<*84.2
o84.2
86.9
86.9
86.9
83.9
83.9
83.9
83.9
83.9
87.5
87.5
87.5
87.5
87.5
Cloths and clothing.
Leather.
Linen thread.
Month.
Sole, hem
lock.
Harness,
oak.
Jan. . .
F e b ...
Mar ..
A p r...
M a y ..
June..
J u ly ..
Aug ..
S ept..
O ct. . .
Nov ..
D e c ...
1905...
130.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
115.6
115.6
115.6
119.0
119.0
117.3
125.9
115.0
Sole, oak.
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
126.4
118.1
W ax calf,
30 to 40 lbs.
to the dozen,
B-grade.
Aver
age.
Shoe,
10s, Bar
bour.
3-cord,
200-yard
spools,
Barbour.
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
105.0
108.9
110.8
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
106.5
109.9
109.9
109.9
109.9
111.1
112.4
113.3
113.4
113.3
112.6
112.2
117.3
112.1
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
102.1
97.2
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
103.7
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
111.5
111.5
111.5
110.0
110.0
107.0
107.0
110.0
108.9
Aver
age.
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
100.2
102.9
100.5
Cloths and clothing.
Overcoatings.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A p r...
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
A u g ...
Sept. . .
O qt___
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
Beaver,
Moscow,
all wool,
black.
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
117.3
Covert
Kersey,
Chinchilla, Chinchilla,
cotton
cloth, light standard,
B-rough, warp,
C.
C.
weight,
27 to 28
all wool.
grade.
staple.
ounce. (/)
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
111.8
96.3
94.2
93.2
94.2
94.2
95.2
92.2
94.2
92.2
95.2
94.2
92.2
94.0
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
140.3
142.3
142.3
142.3
142.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
146.8
Aver
age.
112.5
112.5
112.3
112.5
112.5
114.3
113.7
114.1
113.7
114.3
114.1
113.7
113.4
Shawls:
Print
Standard, all
cloths:
wool (low
28-inch, grade), 72x144
64 x 64. inch, 40 to 42
ounce.
96.9
93.6
94.7
95.6
93.6
96.9
112.8
120.0
123.3
127.7
127.7
131.3
110.0
a Average for 1893-1899=100.*
b Computed from September, 1904, price.
e Computed from April, 1905, price.
d Computed from September, 1905, price.
e Computed from September, 1905, price, which represents bulk o f sales during the year.
/A verage for 1897-1899=100.
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
117.5
463
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I I ___RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 858 to 865. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Sheetings.
Bleached.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar .. .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept.. .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
Brown.
4-4, Mass.
Mills,
4-4, Pep Aver
Flying per
ell R. age.
Horse
brand.
10-4, At 10-4,
Peplantic. perell.
10-4,
Wamsutta
S.T.
Aver
age.
4-4, At
lantic A.
4-4, In
dian
Head.
116.8
111.5
111.5
111.5
111.5
116.8
122.1
122.1
127.4
127.4
132.7
132.7
120.3
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
91.6
104.3
102.6
104.0
105 9
99.1
103.0
105.7
111.3
112.4
113.4
115.6
115.6
107.4
113.6
118.3
117.9
116.1
114.6
114.1
116.1
115.7
112.3
115.4
116.1
115.4
115.6
123.8
119.8
119.8
119.8
119.8
119.8
119.8
119.8
119.8
123.8
123.8
123.8
121.1
«
104.6
104.6
108.8
114.7
94.2
100.5
103.3
120.3
118.3
121.1
122.5
m . 5
110.2
110.5
114.5
114.5
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
118.6
122.7
122.7
126.8
118.6
113.4
104.4
108.9
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
122.5
122.5
122.5
116.9
115.3
114.3
115.3
118.1
117.8
117.6
118.1
118.0
117.2
121.1
121.3
122.1
118.1
Aver
age.
110.6
109.2
110.4
112.9
109.8
111.3
112.8
115.2
115.1
117.8
118.8
119.3
113.5
Cloths and clothing.
Shirtings: bleached.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay.. .
June ..
J u ly .. .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
4-4, Fruit
of the .
Loom.
99.6
94.5
94.5
94.5
96.2
99.6
99.6
109.9
109.9
109.9
109.9
115.1
102.7
4-4,
Hope.
Silk: raw.
4-4, WamNew
sutta
Italian,
4-4, Lons 4-4,
York
Average. classical.
<o>
dale.
Mills.
XX.
98.1
98.1
92.8
92.8
94.6
98.1
98.1
108.4
108.4
108.4
108.4
113.5
101.7
101.7
101.7
98.1
98.1
99.8
101.7
101.7
111.3
111.3
111.3
111.3
114.9
105.2
93.7
94.6
94.6
94.6
94.2
94.6
102.4
102.4
99.7
a 9 9 .7
a 9 9 .7
a 9 9 .7
96.8
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
100.2
100.2
105.5
105.5
105.5
105.5
99.4
97.6
96.8
95.0
95.0
95.9
97.8
100.4
106.4
107.0
107.0
107.0
109.7
101.2
Japan,
filatures.
Average.
101.4
98.0
96.2
94.2
92.9
92.9
95.7
99.0
100.2
104.6
104.6
100.7
96.6
97.9
94.5
94.5
93.0
91.9
91.9
95.4
97.7
98.3
102.9
102.9
99.4
96.0
96.5
$ 7 .8
95.3
93.8
93.8
95.9
100.2
102.0
106.2
106.2
102.0
97.2
99.3
Cloths and clothing.
Suitings.
Clay
Clay
Month.
worsted
worsted Indigo blue,
all wool,
diagonal, diagonal,
54-inch,
12-ounce, 16-ounce,
14-ounce,
Washing Washing Middlesex.
ton Mills. 5 ton Mills. &
Jan___
F e b ....
M a r. . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
Sept. . .
O ct___
N ov ...
D ec___
1905....
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
120.2
150.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
150.3
132.7
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
116.2
147.5
147.5
147.5
147.5
147.5
129.3
112.2
112.2
112.2
112.2
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
115.6
119.0
119.0
122.4
115.6
Indigo
blue,'
all wool,
16-ounce.
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
119.0
Serge,
Washing Trouserings,
fancy
ton Mills, worsted.
(<?)
6700. ( o)
116.6
116.6
116.6
116.6
128.6
128.6
125.6
137.5
137.5
137.5
137.5
137.5
128.1
a Nominal price; see explanation on page 859.
b Average for 1895-1899=100.
c Average for 1892-1899=100.
109.1
109.1
109.1
112.5
112.5
112.5
112.5
112.5
312.5
112.5
112.5
112.5
111.6
Aver
age.
115.6
115.6
115.6
116.1
118.7
118.7
118.2
130.4
130.4
131.0
131.0
131.5
122.7
Tick
ings:
Amoskeag
A. C. A.
>99.0
89.5
89.5
89.5
89.5
89.5
108.4
108.4
108.4
113.1
117.8
122.5
102.1
464
BULLETIN OP THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able m .—
RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Cloths and clothing.
Underwear.
Women’s dress goods.
Shirts
CashCashCashMonth. Shirts
and
mere,
mere,
mere,
and
drawers,
wool, cotton
cotton
drawers, white, Aver all10-11
warp,
warp.
white,
merino, age. twill, 38- 9-twni, 27-inch,
all wool, wool,
and
inch,
At
Ham
4-4,
At
etc.
cotton.
lantic J. lantic F.
ilton.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar .. .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
120.6
126.5
126.5
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
134.9
134.9
128.4
122.5
122.5
128.9
128.9
128.9
135.4
135.4
135.4
135.4
135.4
141.8
141.8
132.7
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
124.9
124.9
124.9
124.9
124.9
124.9
124.9
121.4
Danish
cloth,
cotton
warp
and
filling,
22-inch.
Frankr
lin
sack
ings,
6-4.
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
114.9
124.5
124.5
129.1
129.1
129.1
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
131.0
Poplar
cloth,
cotton Aver
wan>
age.
ana
filling,
36-inch.
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
106.7
109.6
109.6
109.6
109.6
107.7
117.6
118.6
120.4
120.7
120.7
124.0
124.0
124.0
124.5
124.5
126.6
126.6
122.7
Cloths and clothing.
Wool.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
Worsted yarns.
Ohio, fine
Ohio, medi
fleece (X and um fleece (£
X X grade), and | grade),
scoured.
scoured.
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
137.7
141.6
141.6
141.6
141.6
137.7
137.7
133.7
137.4
Average.
126.2
124.7
123.2
123.2
126.7
131.7
130.2
130.2
130.2
128.2
128.2
124.7
127.3
118.7
115.6
112.6
112.6
115.6
121.7
118.7
118.7
118.7
118.7
118.7
115.6
117.2
XXXX,
2-40s, Aus 2-40s,
white, in
tralian fine.
skeins.
122.1
122.1
122.1
122.1
124.1
124.1
124.1
129.1
181.1
132.1
132.1
132.1
126.4
120.3
120.3
120.3
122.8
122.8
122.8
122.8
122.8
122.8
125.2
125.2
127.7
123.0
Average.
Average,
cloths and
clothing.
121.2
121.2
121.2
122.5
123.5
123.5
123.5
126.0
127.0
128.7
128.7
129.9
124.7
109.6
108.5
108.7
108.8
109.0
110.1
111.5
113.8
114.5
115.2
116.1
117.1
112.0
Fuel and lighting.
Coal.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M a y ...
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ept. . .
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
Candles:
ada
man
tine,
6s, 14ounce.
115.1
115.1
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
109.7
Anthracite.
Bituminous.
Bro
ken.
Chest
nut.
Egg.
Stove.
Aver
age.
125.8
125.9
125.0
125.0
125.2
126.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.1
124.6
125.1
137.7
137.7
137.7
123.8
126.4
129.2
131.8
134.8
137.7
137.7
137.6
137.6
134.1
137.9
138.1
137.8
123.9
126.5
129.1
132.0
134.9
137.7
137.8
137.6
137.7
134.3
130.5
130.6
130.4
117.3
119.6
122.0
124.9
127.8
130.4
130.5
130.4
130.4
127.1
133.0
133.1
132.7
122.5
124.4
126.3
128.4
130.6
132.7
132.8
132.7
132.6
130.2
Georges
Creek
Pitts
Georges (f.
burg
o. b.
Creek
Aver
New
(Yough(at
age.
York
ioghemine).
Har
ny).
bor).
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114 8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
114.8
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
124.4
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
139.7
Aver
age.
135.9
135.9
135.7
129.9
131.0
132.1
133.3
134.5
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.6
134.3
465
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRI0E8, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I I I ___RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Fuel and lighting.
Petroleum.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ep t. ..
O c t___
Nov .. .
D ec___
1905....
Coke:
Connells- Matches:
do
ville, fur parlor,
mestic.
nace.
Refined.
Crude.
150° fire
For export. test,
w. w.
Average.
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
140.4
146.1
146.1
146.1
141.9
128.0
126.1
126.1
125.3
123.8
123.4
123.4
123.4
123.4
131.6
132.4
131.6
126.6
115.6
111.7
111.7
110.2
107.1
106.3
106.3
106.3
106.3
117.1
118.6
117.1
111.2
164.8
152.7
152.7
149.4
141.7
139.5
139.5
139.5
139.5
165.9
165.9
173.6
152.1
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
85.4
128.1
169.3
147.2
132.5
111.9
111.9
103.0
107.5
114.8
145.7
173.7
170.8
134.7
Average.
Average,
fuel and
lighting.
140.3
134.9
134.9
133.3
129.7
128.7
128.7
128.7
128.7
143.0
143.5
145.6
135.1
130.8
132.8
130.5
125.8
124.0
i24.4
124.3
125.3
126.5
132.2
134.5
134.7
128.8
Metals and implements.
Month.
Jan---F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr---M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec—
1905....
From From
mill
store
(Pitts (Phila Aver
burg delphia age.
mar
mar
ket).
ket).
124.1
124.1
131.0
125.5
124.1
124.1
124.1
124.1
126.9
127.6
140.0
151.7
129.0
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.5
116.6
116.5
116.5
119.5
119.5
117.1
Copper.
Builders’ hardware.
Bar iron: best refined.
Barb
Door Locks:
She£t,
wire: Butts:
loose knobs: com Aver Ingot, hot- Wire,
galva joint,
steel, mon age. lake. rolled bare.
nized. cast, bronze
mor
(base
sizes).
3 x 3 in. plated. tise.
120.3
120.3
123.8
121.0
120.3
120.3
120.3
120.3
121.7
122.1
129.8
135.6
123.1
93.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
91.8
92.0
95.0
95.0
95.0
94.3
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
132.6
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
221.0
213.6
110.2
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
189.7
183.1
123.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
179.1
174.4
123.1
124.1
124.1
124.1
121.6
121.6
121.6
126.7
131.7
134.8
133.7
145.9
127.7
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
114.5
120.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
138.6
120.1
112.7
112.7
112.7
111.9
109.3
109.3
111.0
118.2
118.2
118.2
126.4
134.9
116.3
Aver
age.
116.8
117.1
117.1
116.8
115.1
115.1
115.7
121.8
125.5
126.5
128.9
139.8
121.4
Metals and implements.
Pig iron.
Nails.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M a y . ..
J u n e...
J u ly ...
Aug . ..
S ep t. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
D ec—
1905....
Lead:
Pig.
122.0
117.6
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
120.2
122.0
128.1
128.1
139.1
154.9
125.7
Lead
pipe.
104.8
102.7
102.7
103.8
103.8
103.8
103.8
105.8
111.0
111. 0
121.4
126.6
108.4
Cut,
Wire,
8-penny, 8-penny, Aver
fence and fence and age.
common. common.
101.2
102.6
104.0
102.6
102.6
104.0
101.2
97.1
93.0
95.8
95.8
98.5
99.9
85.6
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.9
87.7
93.4
95.3
96.0
95.3
95.3
96.0
94.6
92.5
90.5
91.9
91.9
93.2
93.8
Gray
forge,
Besse Foundry, Foundry, south
No. 2.
mer.
No. 1.
ern,
coke.
121.4
117.6
118.7
118.7
117.3
113.6
108.6
110.7
115.2
120.0
129.9
133.2
118.7
119.9
119.9
121.6
123.3
122.0
118.9
116.1
116.5
116.5
120.7
126.0
128.3
120.8
132.9
129.1
129.1
123.5
128.1
123.3
117.6
113.8
116.6
122.4
132.9
139.2
125.7
137.5
137.5
137.5
138.6
136.4
124.0
118.4
120.6
119.5
124.0
134.1
139.8
130.7
Aver
age.
127.9
126.0
126.7
126.0
126.0
120.0
115.2
115.4
117.0
121.8
130.7
135.1
124.0
466
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able I I I . — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 368 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Metals and implements.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar .. .
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
July .. .
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O c t___
Nov . . .
D ec___
1905....
Silver:
bar,
fine.
Quick
silver.
Spelter:
western.
81.9
82.5
78.4
76.5
78.1
78.8
79.5
81.4
83.3
83.6
86.0
87.5
81.5
98.3
98.3
96.5
94.8
93.0
96.5
98.3
99.2
98.3
98.3
98.3
98.3
97.4
135.6
138.3
136.1
132.7
127.9
116.2
117.3
125.0
128.3
133.8
137.2
142.7
13L.0
Steel
billets.
Steel
rails.
Steel
sheets:
black, No.
27.(«)
Tin: pig.
Tin plates:
domestic,
Bessemer,
coke, 14x20
in.(6)
98.2
98.2
98.2
102.7
102.7
100.4
97.3
99.6
99.6
99.6
96.0
98.2
99.1
158.5
162.5
156.2
165.0
164.2
163.3
167.9
180.3
178.1
177.0
179.7
191.2
170.3
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
109.5
102.2
105.1
108.5
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
104.5
108.6
110.1
110.3
109.2
104.1
104.5
111.5
116.1
119.0
120.8
120.8
111.6
Metals and implements.
Tools.
Month.
Ja n ___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A pr___
M ay...
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O ct___
Nov . . .
Dec—
1905....
Augers:
extra,
1-inch.
Axes:
M. C. O.,
Yankee.
Chisels:
extra,
socket
firmer,
1-inch.
149.3
149.3
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
199.0
190.7
128.9
128.9
128.9
128.9
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
137.7
134.7
158.4
158.4
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
209.5
Saws.
Files:
8-inch Hammers:
Maydole
mill
No. 1J.
bastard.
Planes:
Bailey
No. 5.
Crosscut,
Disston.
Hand,
Disston
No. 7.
Average.
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
129.0
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
115.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
99.3
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
122.0
122.0
123.1
123.1
123.1
121.6
Metals and implements.
Tools.
Month.
Shovels:
Ames No. 2.
Ja n . . . .
Feb___
Mar___
A pr___
May . . .
Ju n e...
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
S ep t. . .
Oct —
Nov . . .
Dec —
1905....
Trowels:
M. C. O.,
brick,
101-inch.
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Vises:
solid box,
50-pound.
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
|
i
■Wood screws:
Average,
1-inch, No. 10, Zinc: sheet. metals and
Average.
fiat head.
implements.
118.5
118.5
128.6
128.6
129.4
129.4
129.4
129.5
129.5
129.6
129.6
129.6
127.5
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
69.9
« Average for the period July, 1894, to December, 1899=100.
b Average for 1896-1899=100.
129.9
129.9
129.9
129.9
127.1
121.3
121.4
128.6
129.9
129.9
129.9
134.2
128.5
115.2
119.7
122.6
122.5
122.3
121.2
120.8
122.3
123.2
124.2
126.3
129.3
122.5
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
467
T able I I I . — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Lumber and building materials.
Cement.
Carbonate
of lead:
American, Portland, ^Rosendale. Average.
domestic.®
in oil.
Month.
Brick:
common
domestic.
Jan —
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay . . .
June ..
J u ly ...
A u g ...
Sept.. .
Oct —
Nov . . .
D e c ....
1905....
143.8
164.0
146.1
137.1
146.1
128.1
132.6
138.2
134.8
140.4
157.3
179.8
145.7
74.1
79.7
78.3
83.0
84.2
84.9
84.9
84..9
84.2
84.2
84.2
86.1
82.7
81.7
93.0
90.2
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
93.9
66.4
66.4
66.4
70.1
72.6
73.9
73.9
73.9
72.6
72.6
72.6
76.4
71.5
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
114.7
114.7
118.9
118.9
109.7
Doors:
pine.
Lime:
common.
151.9
151.9
151.9
151.9
151.9
183.9
183.9
183.9
183.9
183.9
139.5
139.5
163.2
103.2
103.2
103.2
103.2
103.2
104.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
110.4
106.9
Linseed
oil: raw.
94.8
94.8
103.6
103.6
105.8
110.3
110.3
114.7
119.1
99.2
92.6
88.2
103.1
Lumber and building materials.
Lumber.
Hem
lock.
Jan___
F e b ....
M ar...
Apr___
M ay. . .
Ju ne...
J u ly . . .
Aug . . .
S e p t...
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec---1905....
Pine.
Oak: white.
Month.
142.1
142.1
142.1
142.1
146.3
146.3
146.3
150.5
150.5
158.8
158.8
167.2
149.4
Maple:
hard.
109.4
109.4
109.4
117.0
117.0
117.0
117.0
117.0
117.0
117.0
117.0
117.0
115.1
White, boards.
Plain.
Quar
tered.
Aver
age.
120.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
128.2
129.6
129.6
126.5
151.8
151.8
151.8
151.8
151.8
151.8
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
149.0
149.0
149.5
136.0
138.0
138.0
138.0
138.0
140.0
137.2
137.2
137.2
137.2
139.3
139.3
138.0
No. 2
barn.
Uppers. Average.
134.4
134.4
134.4
134.4
134.4
140.3
140.3
140.3
143.2
143.2
178.3
178.3
144.6
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
176.1
183.7
183.7
177.4
155.3
155.3
155.3
155.3
155.3
158.2
158.2
158.2
159.7
159.7
181.0
181.0
161.0
Yellow. Average.
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
119.1
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
146.2
134.9
143.2
143.2
143.2
143.2
143.2
154.2
154.2
154.2
155.2
155.2
169.4
169.4
152.3
Lumber and building materials.
Plate glass: polished, unsil
vered.
Lumber.
Month.
Jan—
Feb . . .
M a r. . .
Apr ..J
M a y ...;
June ..
J u ly ...'
A u g ...
Sept.. .
Oct —
N ov...
Dec . . .
1905....
Poplar.
Spruce.
154.6
154.6
154.6
154.6
154.6
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.0
153.7
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
149.8
156.8
156.8
163.8
163.8
149.3
Oxide of Area, 3 to Area, 5 to
5 square 10 square Average.
Average. zinc.
feet.
feet.
139.0
139.4
139.4
140.2
140.7
144.6
144.0
145.3
146.4
147.3
153.3
154.2
144.5
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
115.8
122.0
116.3
56.5
56.5
56.5
62.0
62.0
62.0
62.0
f>2.0
68.9
82.6
82.6
82.6
66.3
a Average for 1895-1899=100.
62.6
62.6
62.6
69.4
69.4
69.4
69.4
69.4
79.0
82.9
82.9
82.9
71.8
59.6
59.6
59.6
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.7
65.7
74.0
82.8
82.8
82.8
69.1
Putty.
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.5
66.5
69.6
69.6
69.6
72.8
72.8
72.8
69.0
Resin:
good,
strained.
196.2
199.7
201.4
208.3
225.7
284.7
250.0
250.0
257.0
267.4
286.5
225.7
237.7
468
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I I I . — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Continued.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price for 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
Lumber and building materials.
Shingles.
Month.
Cypress.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr---M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug .. .
Sept.. .
O ct___
Nov . . .
D ec—
1905....
92.2
92.2
92.2
92.2
92.2
92.2
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
96.6
White
pine.
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
119.9
Window glass: American, single. Average,
Turpen
lumber
tine:
Firsts, 6 x 8 Thirds,
and build
spirits of. to 10 x 15 6 x 8 to Average. ing mate
inch.
10xl5inch.
rials.
Tar.
Average.
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
106.1
110.5
110.5
110.5
110.5
110.5
110.5
108.3
132.8
132.8
132.8
141.1
149.4
149.4
149.4
166.0
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
145.9
120.4
126.4
119.0
119.0
120.9
120.9
120.9
151.1
136.0
136.0
136.0
129.2
128.5
158.5
167.6
161.2
182 5
181.0
232.6
179.5
181.7
192.9
207.1
213.9
194.4
187.7
116.8
116.8
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
137.4
123.7
123.7
123.7
117.5
117.5
121.6
121.6
114.5
114.5
115.5
115.5
115.5
144.3
129.9
129.9
129.9
123.4
123.0
120.1
121.9
120.7
122.8
124.5
130.7
128.0
131.6
131.9
133.4
135.2
133.1
127.8
Drugs and chemicals.
Alcohol:
Brim Glycer Muriatic Opium: Quinine: Sulphu Average,
wood, Alum: stone:
Month. Alcohol:
drugs
grain, refined,
re
acid: natural,
Amer ric acid:
and
in
crude, in:
94 per
ican.
fined.
20°.
95 per lump. seconds.
66°.
chem
cent.
cases.
cent.
icals.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr---M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
O ct---Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
107.1
106.2
106.2
106.2
106.2
107.6
108.5
108.5
110.2
111.1
111.1
111.1
108.3
62.9
62.9
62.9
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
73.4
70.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
104.8
103.6
103.6
103.6
101.0
100.3
100.0
97.8
95.4
106.3
106.9
106.9
107.5
102.8
92.9
92.9
92.9
91.1
89.3
87.6
87.6
87.6
85.8
85.8
84.0
84.0
88.5
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
115.5
120.8
126.0
125.0
121.8
125.0
127.1
133.5
139.8
139.8
135.6
132.4
128.5
93.5
93.5
93.5
93.5
85.4
81.3
81.3
81.3
81.3
81.3
81.3
77.2
85.4
146.1
146.1
146.1
146.1
146.1
146.1
123.6
134.8
134.8
134.8
134.8
134.8
139.3
108.9
109.4
110.0
110.5
109.0
108.8
106.4
108.1
110.0
110.2
109.5
108.8
109.1
House furnishing goods.
Furniture.
Earthenware.
Month.
Plates,
creamcolored.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
Apr___
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
A u g...
Sept. . .
O c t ....
Nov . . .
Dec___
1905....
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
106.6
Teacups
Plates, and
sau Average. Bedroom
white cers, white
sets, ash.
granite. granite.
102.4
102.4
102 4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
102.4
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
98.8
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
116.1
127.9
117.0
Chairs,
Chairs,
Tables,
bedroom, kitchen.
kitchen. Average,
maple.
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
129.1
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
124.2
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
122.3
119.6
469
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able III___RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES IN 1905—Concluded.
For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 358 to 365. Average price for 1890-1899=100.
For a more detailed description of the articles, see Table I. Relative price ior 1905 computed from
average price for the year, as shown in Table I.]
House furnishing goods.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar .. .
Apr___
M ay.. .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept...
O ct___
Nov . ..
Dec___
1905....
Pitch Tum
Nap
ers,
blers,
pies, £-gal Ion, 1-pint,
com
4-inch. com
mon.
mon.
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
89.4
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
84.5
Wooden ware.
Table cutlery.
Glassware.
Knives
and
forks,
Aver
Aver Carvers,
stag
cocoage.
age. handles.
bolo
handles.
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
99.0
110.4
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
102.6
96.4
102.1
Pails, Tubs,
oakoak
grain grain
ed.
ed.
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
Aver
age,
house
Aver furnish
age.
ing
goods.
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
119.3
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
Miscellaneous.
Month. Cotton-seed Cotton-seed
oil: sum
Malt: west
meal.
mer yellow, Jute: raw. ern made.
prime.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . . .
A pr—
M ay. . .
June ..
J u ly ...
Aug . . .
Sept. . .
Oct —
Nov .. .
Dec___
1905....
73.9
78.8
87.1
85.4
87.1
95.3
90.3
98.6
94.4
85.4
92.0
94.4
88.6
118.8
115.0
118.8
117.7
118.4
118.4
117.2
120.7
122.7
121.1
121.1
130.2
120.0
147.2
170.8
170.8
161.3
151.8
147.2
128.3
132.8
132.8
147.2
156.7
166.2
151.0
88.2
86.1
86.1
86.1
86.1
86.8
86.8
86.8
88.2
91.1
88.9
88.9
87.5
Paper.
News.
92.0
92.0
92.0
92.0
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
75.3
76.3
75.3
80.9
Wrapping,
manila.
Average.
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
93.5
93.5
93.5
93.5
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
87.9
Proof
spirits.
107.1
106.5
106.5
106.5
107.3
109.8
110.4
110.7
111.8
113.1
113.1
113.1
109.7
Miscellaneous.
Month.
Jan___
F e b ....
Mar . ..
Apr . . .
M ay.. .
June ..
J u ly ...
A ug...
Sept. . .
Oct —
N ov ...
Dec___
1905....
Rope:
manila.
RubberPara
Island.
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.2
127.2
125.8
125.8
125.8
125.8
128.5
133.8
133.8
127.9
140.5
151.7
156.7
159.9
160.5
165.5
159.2
155.5
158.0
156.7
147.4
150.5
155.2
Soap:
castile,
mottled,
pure.
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
114.2
Tobaccor
Starch:
laundry.
100.6
100.6
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
93.4
94.6
Smoking,
Plug,
Seal Average.
Horseshoe. gran.,
of N. C.
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
117.9
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
Average,
miscel
laneous.
111.2
113.8
114.6
113.9
112.1
112.9
110.6
111.6
111.8
112.5
113.3
115.1
112.8
470
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able I V . —BASE PRICES
(AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO
1905.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see page 366. For a more detailed description of the
articles, see Table I.]
Farm products.
Year.
Barley: by
sample.
Cattle: steers, Cattle: steers,
choice to extra. good to choice.
Com: No. 2,
cash.
Cotton: upland,
middling.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
bushel. price. 100 lbs. price. 100 lbs. price. bushel. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.4534
.5062
1890..........................
.6098
1891..........................
___________ ...
.5085
.4685
1893
.5134
.4300
1895.........................
.2977
1896..........................
.3226
1897 .........................
.4348
1898.........................
.4425
1899.........................
.4815
1900..........................
.5884
1901..........................
1902..........................
.6321
.5494
1903..........................
1904.........................
.5300
1905.........................
.4850
Year.
100.0
111.6
134.5
112.2
103.3
113.2
94.8
65.7
71.2
95.9
97.6
106.2
129.8
139.4
121.2
116.9
107.0
$5.3203
4.8697
5.8851
5.0909
5.5211
5.1591
5.4849
4.5957
5.2255
5.3779
5.9928
5.7827
6.1217
7.4721
5.5678
5.9562
5.9678
100.0
91.5
110.6
95.7
103.8
97.0
103.1
86.4
98.2
101.1
112.6
108.7
115.1
140.4
104.7
112.0
112.2
$4.7347
4.1375
5.0976
4.4995
4.8394
4.5245
4.9344
4.2712
4.7736
4.8846
5.3851
5.3938
5.5901
6.5572
5.0615
5.1923
5.2192
100.0
87.4
107.7
95.0
102.2
95.6
104.2
90.2
100.8
103.2
113.7
113.9
118.1
138.5
106.9
109.7
110.2
Hides: green,
timothy, salted, packers,
Flaxseed: N o.l. Hay:No.
1.
heavy native
steers.
$0.3804 100.0 $0.07762
.3950 103.8
.11089
.5744 151.0
.08603
.4500 118.3
. 07686
.3964 104.2
.08319
.4326 113.7
.07002
.3955 104.0
. 07298
67.8
.2580
.07918
.2546
66.9
. 07153
.3144 ,, 82.6
. 05972
.3333
87.6
.06578
.3811 100.2
.09609
.4969 130.6
.08627
. 08932
.5968 156.9
.4606 121.1
.11235
.5046 132.6
.12100
.5010 131.7
.09553
Hogs: heavy.
100.0
142.9
110.8
99.0
107.2
90.2
94.0
102.0
92.2
76.9
84.7
123.8
111.1
115.1
144.7
155.9
123.1
Hogs: light.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive
tive price per tive
ton.
price. pound. price. P100eibs.r price. 100 lbs. price.
bushel. price.
Average,1890-1899.. $1.1132
1890.......................... 1.3967
1891.......................... 1.0805
1892 .........................
1.0179
1.0875
1893.........................
1894 .......................... 1.3533
1895.........................
1.2449
1896..........................
.8119
1897 .........................
.8696
1898.......................... 1.1115
1899.......................... 1.1578
1900.......................... 1.6223
1901.......................... 1.6227
1902.........................
1.5027
1903.......................... 1.0471
1904.......................... 1.1088
1905.........................
1.1979
100.0 $10.4304
125.5
9.9952
97.1 12.2861
91.4 11.8375
97.7 11.2067
121.6 10.4183
111.8 11.3844
72.9 10.3269
78.1
8.4423
99.8
8.3317
104.0 10.0745
145.7 11.5673
145.8 12.8255
135.0 12.6154
94.1 12.4279
99.6 11.7308
107.6 11.2596
100.0
95.8
117.8
113.5
107.4
99.9
109.1
99.0
80.9
79.9
96.6
110.9
123.0
120.9
119.2
112.5
107.9
$0.0937
.0933
.0951
.0870
.0749
.0641
.1028
.0811
.0996
.1151
.1235
.1194
.1237
.1338
.1169
.1166
.1430
100.0
99.6
101.5
92.8
79.9
68.4
109.7
86.6
106.3
122.8
131.8
127.4
132.0
142.8
124.8
124.4
152.6
$4.4123
3.9534
4.4229
5.1550
6.5486
4.9719
4.2781
3.3579
3.5906
3.8053
4.0394
5.0815
5.9580
6.9704
6.0572
5.1550
5.2913
100.0
89.6
100.2
116.8
148.4
112.7
97.0
76.1
81.4
86.2
91.5
115.2
135.0
158.0
137.3
116.8
119.9
$4.4206
3.9260
4.3404
5.0675
6.5752
4.9327
4.2533
3.5591
3.7223
3.7587
4.0709
5.1135
5.9177
6.7353
6.0541
5.1481
5.3213
100.0
88.8
98.2
114.6
148.7
111.6
96.2
80.5
84.2
85.0
92.1
115.7
133.9
152.4
137.0
116.5
120.4
471
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I V .— BASE PRICES
(AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Farm products.
Year.
Hops: N. Y.
State, choice.
Oats: cash.
Rye: No. 2,
cash.
Sheep: native.
Sheep:
western.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. bushel. price. bushel. price. 100 lbs. price. 100 lbs. price.
Average,1890-1899.. 80.1771
.2621
1890..........................
.2640
1891.........................
.2505
1892.........................
.2271
1893..........................
.1515
1894.........................
.0940
1895..........................
.0877
1896..........................
.1160
1897 .........................
.1621
1898.........................
.1563
1899..........................
.1483
1900..........................
.1719
1901..........................
1902..........................
.2375
.2825
1903..........................
.3475
1904..........................
.2673
1905..........................
100.0
148.0
149.1
141.4
128.2
85.5
53.1
49.5
65.5
91.5
88.3
83.7
97.1
134.1
159.5
196.2
150.9
80.2688
.3106
.3873
.3042
.2827
.3110
.2373
.1801
.1825
.2470
.2452
.2271
.3179
.3960
.3541
.3649
.2990
100.0
115.6
144.1
113.2
105.2
115.7
88.3
67.0
67.9
91.9
91.2
84.5
118.3
147.3
131.7
135.8
111.2
80.5288
.5447
.8334
.6754
.4899
.4660
.4825
.3517
.3962
.4958
.5521
.5177
.5328
.5418
.5156
.7056
.7113
Year.
83.7580
4.5284
4.5106
4.7798
3.8781
2.6957
2.9495
2.9322
3.4971
3.9250
3.8837
4.1236
3.3519
3.7817
3.7101
4.1457
5.0529
100.0
120.5
120.0
127.2
103.2
71.7
78.5
78.0
93.1
104.4
103.3
109.7
89.2
100.6
98.7
110.3
134.5
83.9541
4.6644
4.5719
4.8695
4.1255
2.9808
3.0943
3.1411
3.7692
4.1625
4.1615
4.5207
3.7442
4.1784
3.8769
4.2608
5.0798
100.0
118.0
115.6
123.2
104.3
75.4
78.3
79.4
95.3
105.3
105.2
114.3
94.7
105.7
98.0
107.8
128.5
Food, etc.
Farm products.
Wheat: contract, cash.
100.0
103.0
157.6
127.7
92.6
88.1
91.2
66.5
74.9
93.8
104.4
97.9
100.8
102.5
97.5
133.4
134.5
Beans: medium, Bread: crack
ers, Boston X.
choice.
Bread: loaf
Bread: crack
(Wash, market).
ers, soda.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
bushel. price. bushel. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound.a price.
Average,1890-1899.. 80.7510
.8933
1890.........................
1891......................... i .9618
1892.......................... | . 7876
1893......................... ! . 6770
1894......................... ! .5587
1895......................... j .6000
1896.......................... ! .6413
1897......................... | . 7949
1898......................... , .8849
. 7109
1899.........................
1900......................... i .7040
1901.......................... i .7187
1902......................... ! .7414
.7895
1903.........................
1904.......................... 1.0390
1.0104
1905.........................
100.0
118.9
128.1
104.9
90.1
74.4
79.9
85.4
105.8
117.8
94.7
93.7
95.7
98.7
105.1
138.3
134.5
81.6699
2.0292
2.2531
1.8698
1.9906
1.8469
1.7896
1.1740
1.0448
1.2479
1.4531
2.0969
2.1927
1.9198
2.2625
2.0104
2.1500
100.0
121.5
134.9
112.0
119.2
110.6
107.2
70.3
62.6
74.7
87.0
125.6
131.3
115.0
135.5
120.4
128.8
80 0673
.0700
.0700
.0688
.0650
.0650
.0654
.0650
.0592
.0733
.0713
.0750
.0800
.0800
.0758
.0775
.0892
100.0
104.0
104.0
102.2
96.6
96.6
97.2
96.6
88.0
108.9
105.9
111.4
118.9
118.9
112.6
115.2
132.5
80.0118
.0800
.0800
.0763
.0750
.0725
.0675
.0658
.0592
.0758
.0663
.0675
.0700
.0700
.0646
.0658
.0683
100.0
111.4
111.4
106.3
104.5
101.0
94.0
91.6
82.5
105.6
92.3
94.0
97.5
97.5
90.0
91.6
95.1
80.0354
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0333
.0363
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0363
.0356
100.0
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
94.1
102.5
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
102.5
100.6
Food, etc.
Year.
Bread: loaf,
Bread: loaf, Butter: cream Butter: cream Butter: dairy,
New York
ery, Elgin (El
ery, extra
Vienna
homemade
State.
(N. Y. market). (N. Y. market). gin market). (N. Y. market).
Average |Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per, tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound.aI price. pound.a price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. 80.0317
1890.........................
.0320
1891.........................
.0320
.0320
1892.........................
.0320
1893.........................
.0320
1894.........................
.0320
1895.........................
1896.........................
.0287
.0320
1897..........................
.0320
1898..........................
1899..........................
.0320
1900.........................
.0320
1901.........................
.0320
1902..........................
.0320
1903 .........................
.0320
1904.........................
.0350
1905..........................
.0376
100.0
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
90.5
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
110.4
118.6
80.0352
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0319
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0356
.0370
.0400
100.0
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
90.6
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
105.1
113.6
80.2170
.2238
.2501
.2528
.2581
.2194
.2064
.1793
.1837
.1886
.2075
.2178
.2114
.2413
.2302
.2178
.2429
a Weight before baking.
100.0
103.1
115.3
116.5
118.9
101.1
95.1
82.6
84.7
86.9
95.6
100.4
97.4
111.2
106.1
100.4
111.9
80.2242
.2276
.2586
.2612
.2701
.2288
.2137
.1841
.1895
.1954
.2126
.2245
.2163
.2480
.2348
.2189
.2489
100.0
101.5
115.3
116.5
120.6
102.1
95.3
82.1
84.5
87.2
94.8
100.1
96.5
110.6
104.7
97.6
111.0
80.2024
.1954
.2380
.2350
.2521
.2091
.1882
.1665
.1684
.1749
.1965
.2115
.2007
.2318
.2150
.1970
2?39
100.0
96.5
117.6
116.1
124.6
103.3
93.0
82.3
83.2
86.4
97.1
104.5
99.2
114.5
106.2
97.3
115.6
472 .
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able IV.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Food, etc.
Year.
Cheese: N. Y.
full cream.
Coffee: Rio
No. 7.
Eggs: new-laid, Fish: cod, dry,
fancy, near-by. Lank, large.
Fish: herring,
shore, round.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. dozen. price. quintal. price. barrel. price.
A verage, 1890-1899.. $0.0987
189J.........................
.0958
.1011
1891.........................
1892 .........................
.1058
1893..........................
.1076
1894..........................
.1060
1895 .........................
.0929
.0908
1896.........................
1897 ..........................
.0968
.0822
1898.........................
1899 .........................
.1075
1900..........................
.1128
1901..........................
.1011
1902..........................
.1126
1903..........................
.1217
1904 ..........................
.1019
.1212
1905 .........................
100.0
97.1
102.4
107.2
109.0
107.4
94.1
92.0
98.1
83,3
108.9
114.3
102.4
114.1
123.3
103.2
122.8
SO. 1313
.1793
.1671
.1430
.1723
.1654
.1592
.1233
.0793
.0633
.0604
.0822
.0646
.0586
.0559
.0782
. 0832
100.0
136.6
127.3
108.9
131.2
126.0
121.2
93.9
60.4
48.2
46.0
62.6
49.2
44.6
42.6
59.6
63.4
Fish: mackerel, Fish, salmon,
canned.
salt, large No. 3s.
Year.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890 .........................
1891.........................
1892 ..........................
1893 .........................
1894 .........................
1895 .........................
1896..........................
1897 .........................
1898 .........................
1899 .........................
1900.........................
1901..........................
1902 ........................
1903..........................
1904 .........................
1905 .........................
SO. 1963
.1945
.2160
.2167
.2247
.1835
.2002
.1741
.1718
.1817
.1994
.1977
.2095
.2409
.2418
.2650
.2712
100.0
99.1
110.0
110.4
114.5
93.5
102.0
88.7
87.5
92.6
101.6
100.7
106.7
122.7
123.2
135.0
138.2
Flour: buck
wheat.
S5.5849
5.6771
6.7292
7.0521
6.3802
5.9583
5.5208
4.2083
4.5208
4.6667
5.1354
5.3021
5.9896
5.0938
5.8646
7.2813
7.3958
100.0
101.7
120.5
126.3
114.2
106.7
98.9
75.4
80.9
83.6
92.0
94.9
107.2
91.2
105.0
130.4
132.4
Flour. rye.
S3.7763
3.525C
4.7068
2.9375
3.8125
3.3958
3.1563
3.3542
3.6354
4.2083
5.0313
5.0833
4.9792
4.9063
5.7292
5.4531
6.0000
100.0
93.3
124.6
77.8
101.0
89.9
83.6
88.8
96.3
111.4
133.2
134.6
131.9
129.9
151.7
144.4
158.9
Flour: wheat,
spring patents.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
barrel. price. 12 cans. price. 100 lbs. price. barrel. price. barrel. price.
S14.1306
18.2500
15.3125
13.0000
13 0000
11 0556
15. 6250
13.9167
12.2292
13.6667
15.2500
13.8958
10.8182
13. 7500
17.4479
14.5000
13.9167
100.0
129.2
108.4
92.0
92.0
78 2
110.6
98.5
86.5
96.7
107 9
98.3
76.6
97.3
123.5
102.6
98.5
SI. 4731
1.6417
1.5000
1.4833
1.4938
1.4250
1.5042
1.5500
1.3375
1.2667
1.5292
1.77081.7125
1.6146
1.6208
1 7250
1.7042
100.0
111.4
101.8
100.7
101,4
96.7
102.1
105.2
90.8
86.0
103.8
120.2
116.3
109.6
110.0
117.1
115.7
SI.9428
2 0214
2.4429
1.7891
2.3679
2.4357
1.6750
1 3806
1.4656
1.5500
2.3000
2.1036
2.1063
2.2357
2.3214
2.3333
2.1893
100.0
104 0
125.7
92.1
121.9
125.4
86.2
71 1
75.4
79.8
118.4
108.3
108 4
115.1
119.5
120.1
112.7
S3.3171
3.3646
4 9208
4.0167
3.0854
2.7813
3.1333
2.6833
2.8063
3.0813
3.2979
3 4250
3 3208
3.4417
3.1479
4.3479
4.4667
100.0
101.4
148.3
121.1
93.0
83.8
94.5
80.9
84.6
92.9
99.4
103.3
100.1
103.8
94.9
131.1
134.7
S4.2972
5.1856
6.3053
4 3466
4.0063
3.5947
3.6434
3.7957
4.5913
4.7293
3.7740
3.8423
3.8104
3.8082
4.3303
5.3784
5.4221
100.0
120.7
123.5
101.1
93.2
83.7
84.8
88.3
106.8
110.1
87.8
89.4
88.7
88.6
100.8
125.2
126.2
1
Flour wheat,
winter
straights.
Fruit: apples, 1 Fruit: apples,
evaporated,
sun-dried.
choice.
prunes,
Fruit: currants, Fruit:
California, in
in barrels.
boxes.
Year.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
barrel. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. S3.8450
1890.........................
4.6524
1891......................... 4.9048
1892 ........................ 4.1216
1893 ........................ 3,2832
1894 .........................
2.7495
1895.........................
3.2311
1896 .......................... 3.6197
4.3606
1897 .........................
1898.......................... 4.1452
1899 .........................
3.3822
1900.......................... 3.3490
1901.........................
3.3085
1902.......................... 3.4885
1903 .......................... 3.5923
1904 .........................
4.8264
1905.........................
4. f428
100.0
121.0
127.6
107.2
85.4
71.5
84.0
94.1
113.4
107.8
88.0
87.1
86.0
90.7
93.4
125.6
118.1
SO. 0847
.1136
.1100
.0688
.0927
.1092
.0678
.0533
.0555
.0890
.0869
.0615
.0709
.0921
.0611
.0603
.0699
100.0
134.1
129.9
81.2
109.4
128.9
80.0
62.9
65.5
105.1
102.6
72.6
83.7
108.7
72.1
71.2
82.5
SO. 0515
.0690
.0825
.0423
.0508
.0631
.0481
.0312
.0267
.0398
.0610
.0443
.0410
.0507
.0432
.0333
.0348
100.0
134.0
160.2
82.1
98.6
122.5
93.4
60.6
51.8
77.3
118.4
86.0
79.6
98.4
83.9
64.7
67.6
SO. 0375
.0478
.0426
.0297
.0270
.0173
.0254
.0327
.0479
.0580
.0470
.0720
.0831
.0494
.0476
.0488
.0490
100.0
127.5
113.6
79.2
72.0
46.1
67.7
87.2
127.7
154.7
125.3
192.0
221.6
131.7
126.9
130.1
130.7
SO. 0774
.1068
.1000
.0995
.1039
.0735
.0666
.0581
.0546
.0544
.0565
.0522
.0525
.0551
.0481
.0461
.0459
100.0
138.0
129.2
128.6
134.2
95.0
86.0
75.1
70.5
70.3
73.0
67.4
67.8
71.2
62.1
59.6
59.3
473
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
I V . — BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), AND A V E R A G E
Y E A R L Y ACTU AL AND R E L A T IV E PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
T able
Food, etc.
Year.
Fruit: raisins,
California, Lon
don layer.
Glucose.
Lard: prime
contract.
Meal: corn,
fine white.
Meal: corn,
fine yellow.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
box. price. 100 lbs. price. pound. price. 100 lbs. price. 100 lbs. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $1.5006
2.3604
1890.........................
1891
................. 1.8021
1892 ............ ............. 1.4688
1.7000
1893.........................
1.1542
1894.........................
1.4292
1895.........................
1.0188
1896.........................
1.3979
1897.........................
1.3917
1898.........................
1.2833
1899.........................
1.5208
1900.........................
1.4417
1901.........................
1.6854
1902 .........................
1.4458
1903.........................
1.4729
1904.........................
1905.......................... 1.1875
100.0 <*$1.4182 100.0
157.3
120.1
97.9
1.7625 124.3
113.3
1.5802 111.4
76.9
1.5492 109.2
95.2
1.1585
81.7
67.9
93.2
86.0
1.2190
1.3021
91.8
92.7
96.6
1.3558
85.5
1.4875
104.9
101.3
1.6458 116.0
96.1
2.1788 153.6
112.3
1.8396 129.7
96.3
98.2
1.7917 126.3
1.7742 125.1
79.1
Meat: bacon.
short clear
sides.
Year.
100.0
96.8
100.9
117.9
157.5
118.2
99.8
71.7
67.4
84.4
85.0
105.5
135.3
161.9
134.1
111.8
113.9
Meat: beef,
fresh, native
sides.
$1.0486
1.0613
1.4746
1.1921
1.1013
1.1188
1.0721
.8129
.8158
.8821
.9554
1.0115
1.1979
1.5354
1.2967
1.3396
1.3250
100.0
101.2
140.6
113.7
105.0
106.7
102.2
77.5
77.8
84.1
91.1
96.5
114.2
146.4
123.7
127.8
126.4
$1.0169
1.0200
1.4579
1.1608
1.0833
1.0629
1.0613
.7854
.7633
.8463
.9273
.9908
1.1875
1.5250
1.2783
1.3333
1.3250
100.0
100.3
143.4
114.2
106.5
104.5
104.4
77.2
75.1
83.2
91.2
97.4
116.8
150.0
125.7
131.1
130.3
Meat: beef,salt, Meat: beef,salt,
extra mess.
hams, western.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. pound. price. barrel. price. barrel. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.0675
.0603
1890 .........................
.0699
1891.........................
.0787
1892.........................
.1048
1893.........................
.0751
1894 .........................
.0650
1895.........................
.0494
1896..........................
.0541
1897.........................
.0596
1898.........................
.0583
1899.........................
.0752
1900.........................
.0891
1901.........................
.1073
1902.........................
.0959
1903 ..........................
.0775
1904..........................
.0800
1905..........................
100.0
89.3
103.6
116.6
155.3
111.3
96.3
73.2
80.1
88.3
86.4
111.4
132.0
159.0
142.1
114.8
118.5
Meat: hams,
smoked.
Year.
Meat: bacon,
short rib sides.
$0.0654
.0633
.0660
.0771
.1030
.0773
.0653
.0469
.0441
.0552
.0556
.0690
.0885
.1059
.0877
.0731
.0745
$0.0656
.0586
.0681
.0764
.1010
.0736
.0632
.0479
.0522
.0594
.0558
.0732
.0869
.1046
.0938
.0757
.0783
100.0 $0.0771
89.3 . .0688
.0819
103.8
.0762
116.5
.0813
154.0
.0748
112.2
.0792
96.3
.0698
73.0
.0769
79.6
90.5
.0781
.0835
85.1
.0804
111.6
.0787
132.5
.0971
159.5
.0784
143.0.
.0818
115.4
.0802
119.4
Meat: mutton,
dressed.
100.0
89.2
106.2
98.8
105.4
97.0
102.7
90.5
99.7
101.3
108.3
104.3
102.1
125.9
101.7
106.1
104.0
$8.0166
6.9596
8.3654
6.7966
8.1938
8.0933
8.1274
7.5096
7.6755
9.1563
9.2885
9.7538
9.3204
11.7885
9.0673
8.7689
10.0240
Meat: pork,
salt, mess.
100.0 $18.0912
86.8 14.5409
104.4 15.5144
84.8 14.5577
102.2 17.8317
101.0 18.3558
101.4 17.3443
93.7 15.9327
95.7 22.6250
114.2 21.4880
115.9 22.7212
121.7 20.6587
116.3 20.3774
147.1 21.3413
113.1 21.2115
109.4 22.3341
125.0 21.9952
frocVi
-100.0
80.4
85.8
80.5
98.6
101.5
95.9
88.1
125.1
118.8
125.6
114.2
112.6
118.0
117.2
123.5
121.6
Molassesi-,N.O.,
open kettle.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. barrel. price. quart. price. gallon. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.0984
.0995
1890.........................
.0982
1891..........................
.1076
1892..........................
.1249
1893 .........................
.1019
1894.........................
.0947
1895.........................
.0943
1896.........................
.0894
1897.........................
.0807
1898..........................
.0923
1899.........................
.1025
1900.........................
.1075
1901.........................
.1211
1902.........................
.1271
1903..........................
.1072
1904..........................
.1046
1905..........................
100.0
101.1
99.8
109.3
126.9
103.6
96.2
95.8
90.9
82.0
93.8
104.2
109.2
123.1
129.2
108.9
106.3
$0.0754
.0933
.0866
.0914
.0803
.0605
.0620
.0625
.0728
.0739
.0711
.0727
.0675
.0738
.0744
.0778
.0859
100.0 $11.6332
123.7 12.1502
114.9 11.3029
121.2 11.5252
106.5 18.3389
80.2 14.1262
82.2 11.8255
8.9399
82.9
8.9087
96.6
9.8678
98.0
9.3462
94.3
96.4 12.5072
89.5 15.6108
97.9 17.9399
98.7 16.6514
103.2 14.0288
113.9 14.4183
a Average for 1893-1899.
100.0
104.4
97.2
99.1
157.6
121.4
101.7
76.8
76.6
84.8
80.3
107.5
134.2
154.2
143.1
120.6
123.9
$0.0255
.0263
.0267
.0268
.0279
.0263
.0253
.0234
.0235
.0239
.0253
.0274
.0262
.0288
.0288
.0275
.0289
100.0
103.1
104.7
105.1
109.4
103.1
99.2
91.8
92.2
93.7
99.2
107.5
102.7
112.9
112.9
107.8
113.3
$0.3151
.3542
.2788
.3188
.3346
.3092
.3083
.3246
.2617
.3083
.3525
.4775
.3783
.3638
.3546
.3396
.3229
100.0
112.4
88.5
101.2
106.2
98.1
97.8
103.0
83.1
97.8
111.9
151.5
120.1
115.5
112.5
107.8
102.5
474
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able IT.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Food, etc.
Year.
Rice: domestic, Salt: American.
Salt: Ashton’s.
choice.
Soda: bicar
bonate of,
American.
Spices: nut
megs.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. barrel. price. 224-lb. price. pound. price. pound. price.
bag.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0561
1890..........................
.0605
1891..........................
.0637
1892..........................
.0569
1893 ........................
.0459
1894..........................
.0526
1895..........................
.0533
1896..........................
.0519
1897.........................
.0542
1898..........................
.0608
1899..........................
.0607
1900.........................
.0548
1901..........................
.0548
1902..........................
.0559
1903..........................
.0566
1904..........................
.0441
1905.........................
.0417
100.0
107.8
113.5
101.4
81.8
93.8
95.0
92.5
96.6
108.4
108.2
97.7
97.7
99.6
100.9
78.6
74.3
Spices: pepper,
Singapore.
Year.
$0.7044 100.0
.7921 112.5
.7865 111.7
.7575 107.5
.7019
99.6
.7192 102.1
.7019
99.6
.6226
88.4
.6613
93.9
.6648
94.4
.6365
90.4
1.0010 142.1
.8567 121.6
.6360
90.3
.6140
87.2
.7704 ! 109.4
.7552 107.2
Starch: pure
corn.
$2.2033
2.4646
2.3813
2.3750
2.3250
2.2375
2.0500
2.0500
2.0500
2.0500
2.0500
2.0500
2.1813
2.2250
2.2479
100.0
111.9
108.1
107.8
105.5
101.6
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
99.0
101.0
102.0
(a )
w
$0.0209
.0275
.0317
.0218
.0285
.0268
.0177
.0152
.0150
.0129
.0117
.0123
.0107
.0108
.0129
.0130
.0130
100.0
131.6
151.7
104.3
136.4
128.2
84.7
72.7
71.8
61.7
56.0
58.9
51.2
51.7
61.7
62.2
62.2
$0.4322
.6317
.6081
.5319
.4584
.3996
.3969
.3590
.3354
.3140
.2871
.2601
.2346
.2028
.2877
.2175
’. 1722
100.0
146.2
140.7
123.1
106.1
92.5
91.8
83.1
77.6
72.7
66.4
60.2
54.3
46.9
66.6
50.3
39! 8
Sugar: 89° fair Sugar: 96° cen Sugar: granu
refining.
trifugal.
lated.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899. 1 $0.0749
1890 ......................
.1151
1891.........................
.0873
1892..........................
.0689
1893..........................
.0595
1894.........................
.0516
1895.........................
.0497
1896........................
.0500
1897 .........................
.0664
1898..........................
.0891
1899..........................
.1117
1900..........................
.1291
1901..........................
.1292
1902..........................
.1255
1903..........................
.1289
1904..........................
.1229
1905..........................
.1217
100.0
153.7
116.6
92.0
79.4
68.9
66.4
66.8
88.7
119.0
149.1
172.4
172.5
167.6
172.1
164.1
162.5
Tallow.
$0.0548
.0546
.0600
.0600
.0600
.0567
.0554
.0513
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0500
.0470
.0440
.0507
.0525
.0552
100.0 $0.03398
99.6
.04890
109.5
.03459
109.5
.02873
109.5
.03203
103.5
.02759
101.1
.02894
93.6
.03192
91.2
.03077
91.2
.03712
91.2
.03922
91.2
.04051
85.8
. 03521
80.3
.03035
92.5
.03228
95*. 8
.03470
100.7
.03696
Tea: Formosa,
fine.
100.0 $0.03869
143.9
.05460
101.8
.03910
84.6
.03315
94.3
.03680
81.2
.03229
85.2
.03253
93.9
.03624
.03564
90.6
109.2
.04235
115.4
.04422
119.2
.04572
103.6
.04040
89.3
.03542
95.0
.03720
102.1
.03974
108.8
.04278
Vegetables,
fresh: onions.
100.0 $0.04727
141.1
.06168
101.1
.04714
85.7
.04354
95.1
.04836
83.5
.04111
84.1
.04155
93.7
.04532
92.1
.04497
109.5
.04974
114.3
.04924
118.2
.05332
104.4
.05048
91.5
.04455
96.1
.04641
102.7
.04772
110.6
.05256
100.0
130.5
99.7
92.1
102.3
87.0
87.9
95.9
95.1
105.2
104.2
112.8
106.8
94.2
98.2
101.0
111.2
Vegetables,
cider,
fresh: potatoes, Vinegar:
Monarch.
Burbank.
Year.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. barrel. price. bushel. price. gallon. price.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0435
1890..........................
.0460
1891.........................
.0483
1892..........................
.0463
1893..........................
.0544
1894..........................
.0480
1895..........................
.0434
1896..........................
.0343
1897..........................
.0332
1898..........................
.0356
1899..........................
.0453
1900..........................
.0485
1901..........................
.0518
1902..........................
.0629
1903..........................
.0510
1904..........................
.0459
1905..........................
.0449
100.0
105.7
111.0
106.4
125.1
110.3
99.8
78.9
76.3
81.8
104.1
111.5
119.1
144.6
117.2
105.5
103.2
$0.2839
.2733
.2817
.3008
.2888
.2783
.2700
.2583
.2800
.2958
.3117
.2977
.2850
.3015
.2296
.2758
.2675
100.0
96.3
99.2
106.0
101.7
98.0
95.1
91.0
98.6
104.2
109.8
104.9
100.4
106.2
80.9
97.1
94.2
$3.3995
4.3438
4.1250
3.6042
3.1875
3.2500
3.1146
1.9479
3.9271
3.2708
3.2238
2.4271
3.5000
3.6458
3.5675
3.5568
3.2392
100.0
127.8
121.3
106.0
93.8
95.6
91.6
57.3
115.5
96.2
94.8
71.4
103.0
107.2
104.9
104.6
95.3
« Quotations discontinued.
$0.4991
.5956
.7730
.4546
.6714
.6128
.4326
.1965
.3279
.5094
.4172
.3736
.5642
.5958
.5249
.7301
.4026
100.0
119.3
154.9
91.1
134.5
122.8
86.7
39.4
65.7
102.1
83.6
74.9
113.0
119.4
105.2
146.3
80.7
$0.1478
.1558
.1800
.1642
.1500
.1500
.1450
.1300
.1300
.1325
.1400
.1350
.1325
.1408
.1300
.1325
.1458
100.0
105.4
121.8
111.1
101.5
101.5
98.1
88.0
88.0
89.6
94.7
91.3
89.6
95.3
88.0
89.6
98.6
475
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able IV___ BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Year.
Bags: 2-bushel,
Amoskeag.
11-4, Blankets: 11-4,
Blankets: 11-4, Blankets:
5 pounds to
5 pounds to
Boots and
5 pounds to
the
pair,
cotton
the pair, cotton shoes: men’s
the pair, all
warp, all wool
warp, cotton
brogans, split.
wool.
filling.
and wool filling.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
bag.
price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price. pair.
price.
Average, 1890-1899.. 80.1399
.1594
1890
..............
.1563
1891
..............
.1550
1892
..............
.1494
1893
..............
1894
..............
.1275
.1150
1895
..............
.1281
1896
..............
.1300
1897 ..........................
.1338
1898
..............
.1446
1899
..............
.1575
1900
..............
1901
..............
.1413
1902
..............
.1433
.1458
1903
..............
1904
..............
.1796
1905
..............
.1533
Year.
100.0
113.9
111.7
110.8
106.8
91.1
82.2
91.6
92.9
95.6
103.4
112.6
101.0
102.4
104.2
128.4
109.6
Boots and
shoes: men’s
calf bal. shoes,
Goodyear welt.
80.840
.910
.890
.900
.900
.850
.750
.750
.750
.900
.800
.900
.850
.850
.925
.925
1.000
100.0
108.3
106.0
107.1
107.1
101.2
89.3
89.3
89.3
107.1
95.2
107.1
101.2
101.2
110.1
110.1
119.0
Boots and
shoes: men’s
split boots.
80.613
.650
.650
.640
.640
.550
.540
.560
.650
.625
.625
.750
.650
.650
.700
.725
. 775
100.0
106.0
106.0
104.4
104.4
89.7
88.1
91.4
106.0
102.0
102.0
122.3
106.0
106.0
114.2
118.3
126.4
80.424
.460
.460
.430
.420
.410
.400
.400
.420
.420
.420
.525
.475
.475
.500
.525
.600
100.0
108.5
108.5
101.4
99.1
96.7
94.3
94.3
99.1
99.1
99.1
123.8
112.0
112.0
117.9
123.8
141.5
$0.9894
1.0500
1.0500
1.0375
1.0125
.9688
.9813
.9938
.9500
.9125
.9375
.9375
.9438
.9313
.9250
.9250
1.0042
100.0
106.1
106.1
104.9
102.3
97.9
99.2
100.4
96.0
92.2
94.8
94.8
95.4
94.1
93.5
93.5
101.5
Boots and
Broadcloths:
Boots and
shoes: men's shoes: women’s first quality,
solid grain
black, 54-inch,
vici kid shoes,
Goodyear welt.
shoes.
X X X wool.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
price. yard. price.
pair.
pair.
price. 12 pairs. price.
price. pair.
Average,1890-1899..
1890
..............
1891
..............
1892
..............
1893
..............
1894
..............
1895
..............
1896
..............
1897
..............
1898
..............
1899
..............
1900
..............
1901
..............
1902
..............
1903
..............
1904
..............
1905
..............
82.376
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.320
2.240
2.240
2.300
2.300
2.350
2.350
2.375
100.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
97.6
94.3
94.3
96.8
96.8
98.9
98.9
100.0
816.350
17.000
17.000
17.000
16.500
16.000
15.000
15.500
16.000
16.500
17.000
18.000
18.375
18.167
18.500
18.583
19.708
100.0
104.0
104.0
104.0
100.9
97.9
91.7
94.8
97.9
100.9
104.0
110.1
112.4
111.1
113.1
113.7
120.5
Brus
Calico: Cocheco Carpets:
sels, 5-frame,
prints.
Bigelow.
82.3000
2.5000
2.5000
2.5000
2.5000
2.5000
2.2500
2.2500
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0000
2.0083
2.1958
100.0
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
97.8
97.8
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.3
95.5
Carpets: in
grain, 2-ply,
Lowell.
$0.8175
.8500
.8000
.7750
.7500
.7500
.8500
.8500
.8500
.8500
.8500
.9042
.8542
.8625
.8875
.9183
.9771
100.0
104.0
97.9
94.8
91.7
91.7
104.0
104.0
104.0
104.0
104.0
110.6
104.5
105.5
108.6
112.3
119.5
$1.732
1.970
1.970
1.970
1.970
1.580
1.380
1.380
1.700
1.700
1.700
1.870
1.910
1.910
1.910
1.914
1.9946
100.0
113.7
113.7
113.7
113.7
91.2
79.7
79.7
98.2
98.2
98.2
108.0
110.3
110.3
110.3
110.5
115.2
Carpets: Wil- Cotton flannels:
ton?5-frame, 2f yards to the
pound.
Bigelow.
Year.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
yard. price. yard. pijce. yard.
yard. price.
price. yard. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. 80.0553
1890
..............
.0650
1891
..............
.0575
1892
..............
.0650
1893
..............
.0625
1894
..............
.0550
1895
..............
.0525
1896
..............
.0525
1897
..............
.0500
1898
..............
.0450
1899
..............
.0483
1900
..............
.0525
1901
..............
.0500
1902
..............
.0500
1903
..............
.0504
1904
..............
.0529
1905
..............
.0517
100.0
117.5
104.0
117.5
113.0
99.5
94.9
94.9
90.4
81.4
87.3
94.9
90.4
90.4
91.1
95.7
93.5
81.0008
1.0320
1.1280
1.0320
.9840
.9360
.9360
.9360
.9600
1.0320
1.0320
1.0320
1.0320
1.0360
1.0880
1.1040
1.1520
100.0
103.1
112.7
103.1
98.3
93.5
93.5
93.5
95.9
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.5
108.7
110.3
115.1
80.4752
.5160
.5520
.5040
.5280
.4680
.4200
.4080
.4320
.4680
.4560
.4920
.4800
.4840
.5136
.5184
.5520
100.0
108.6
116.2
106.1
111.1
98.5
88.4
85.9
90.9
98.5
96.0
103.5
101.0
101.9
108.1
109.1
116.2
$1.8432
1.9200
2.0160
1.9200
1.9200
1.9200
1.6800
1.6800
1.7280
1.8240
1.8240
1.8720
1.8720
1.8840
2.0080
2.0400
2.1360
100.0 $0.0706
104.2*
.0875
109.4
.0875
104.2
.0838
104.2
.0725
104.2
.0675
.0650
91.1
.0650
91.1
93.8
.0575
.0575
99.0
.0619
99.0
.0738
101.6
.0640
101.6
102.2
.0650
.0735
108.9
110.7
.0885
.0854
115.9
100.0
123.9
123.9
118.7
102.7
95.6
92.1
92.1
81.4
81.4
87.7
104.5
90.7
92.1
104.1
125.4
121.0
476
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able IV.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Year.
Cotton yarns: Cotton yarns:
Cotton thread: carded,
white, carded, white, Denims: AmosCotton flannels: 6-cord,
mule-spun,
mule-spun,
3£ yards to the spools,200-vard
J. & P.
keag.
pound.
northern,
northern,
Coats.
cones, 10/1.
cones, 22/1.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
yard. price. spool, (a) price. pound. price. pound. price. yard. price.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0575
.0688
1890 .....................
.0688
1891 .....................
.0650
1892 .........................
.0575
1893 .........................
.0550
1894 ..........................
.0525
1895 .....................
.0550
1896 ......................
.0550
1897 ..........................
.0463
1898 ......................
.0508
1899 ......................
.0567
1 9 0 0 .../..................
.0575
1901 .....................
.0575
1902 .....................
.0629
1903 ..........................
.0723
1904 ......................
.0681
1905 .....................
100.0 $.031008 100.0 $0.1608 100.0 $0.1969 100.0
6.1790 111.3 6.2208 112.1
119.7 .031514 101.6
119.7 r031238 100.7 6.1794 111.6 6.2244 114.0
113.0 .031238 100.7 6.1885 117.2 6.2300 116.8
.1808 112.4
100.0 .031238 100.7
.2138 108.6
.1523 94.7
95.7 .031238 100.7
.1796 91.2
.1477 91.9
91.3 .031238 100.7
.1815 92.2
.1483 92.2
.1844 93.7
95.7 .030871 99.6
.1452 90.3
95.7 .030503 98.4
.1788 90.8
.1456 90.5
.1792 91.0
80.5 .030503 98.4
.1408 87.6
88.3 .030503 98.4
.1760 89.4
.1850 115.0
.2283 115.9
98.6 .037240 120.1
.1585 98.6
100.0 . 037240 120.1
.1927 97.9
.1538 95.6
.1819 92.4
100.0 .037240 120.1
.1869 116.2
109.4 .037240 120.1
.2156 109.5
.1981 123.2
125.7 .037240 120.1
.2279 115.7
.1733 107.8
118.4 .037240 120.1
.2038 103.5
Drillings:
brown, Pepperell.
Year.
Flannels:
Drillings: 304-4, Bal
inch, Stark A. white,
lard Yale No. 3.
Ginghams:
Amoskeag.
$0.1044
.1175
.1144
.1144
.1175
.1100
.0988
.0988
.0931
.0897
.0896
.1073
.1046
.1050
.1127
.1217
.1083
100.0
112.5
109.6
109.6
112.5
105.4
94.6
94.6
89.2
85.9
85.8
102.8
100.2
100.6
108.0
116.6
103.7
Ginghams:
Lancaster.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price.
Average, 1890-1899. $0.0572
.0683
1890 ......................
.0652
1891 .....................
.0582
1892 .....................
.0590
1893 ......................
.0559
1894 ......................
.0529
1895 .....................
1896 ..........................
.0573
.0525
1897 ..........................
.0513
1898 ..........................
.0510
1899 ......................
1900 .....................
.0606
.0585
1901 ......................
1902 .....................
.0575
1903 .....................
.0619
1904 .....................
.0727
1905 .....................
.0721
100.0 $0.0521 100.0 $0.3768 100.0
.0640 122.8
.4400 116.8
119.4
.4400 116.8
.0600 115.2
114.0
.4367 115.9
.0535 102.7
101.7
.4125 109.5
103.1
.0563 108.1
.0502 96.4
.3546 94.1
97.7
.3080 81.7
.0489 93.9
92.5
100.2
.0522 100.2
.3217 85.4
.0463 88.9
.3113 82.6
91.8
.3685 97.8
89.7
.0437 83.9
89.2
.0457 87.7
.3750 99.5
.0542 104.0
105.9
.4096 108.7
.0532 102.1
.3800 100.8
102.3
.0539 103.5
.3986 105.8
100.5
108.2
.0581 111.5
.4306 114.3
127.1
.0658 126.3
.4433 117.6
.4461 118.4
.0633 121.5
126.0
$0.0533
.0625
.0650
.0650
.0631
.0485
.0466
.0472
.0438
.0431
.0477
.0515
.0490
.0523
.0550
.0548
.0515
100.0 $0.0573 100.0
.0692 120.8
117.3
122.0
.0700 •122.2
122.0
.0700 122.2
118.4
.0638 111.3
.0504
91.0
88.0
87.4
.0496
86.6
.0500
88.6
87.3
82.2
.0494
86.2
80.9
.0488
85.2
.0515
89.9
89.5
96.6
.0550
96.0
91.9
.0531
92.7
98.1
.0575 100.3
103.2
.0576 100.3
.0556
102.8
97.0
.0517
96.6
90.2
a Freight paid.
5 Records destroyed. Price estimated by person who furnished data for later years.
477
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able IV.—
BASE PRICES
(AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Year.
Horse blankets: Hosiery: men s Hosiery: m en’s Hosiery: wom Hosiery: wom
en’s cotton
en’s combed
6 pounds each, cotton halfhose, cotton half
20 to 22 oz. (a) hose, 84needles. Egyptian,cotton hose, 26 to 28 oz.
all wool.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. 12prs.(6) price. 12 pairs. price. 12 pairs. price. 12prs.(&) price.
Average, 1890-1899.
1890.........................
1891.........................
1892.........................
1 8 9 3 ......................
1894.........................
1895..........................
1896.........................
1897..........................
1898..........................
1899.........................
1900.........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
Year.
80.673
.625
.600
.625
.600
.550
.530
.520
.570
.570
.540
.680
.630
.630
.675
.700
.750
100.0
109.1
104.7
109.1
104.7
96.0
92.5
90.8
99.5
99.5
94.2
118.7
109.9
109.9
117.8
122.2
130.9
80.9555
1.2740
1.1760
1.0780
1.0535
.9800
.9065
.8330
.7840
.7350
.7350
.7840
.6860
.7350
.7840
.6370
.6370
100.0
133.3
123.1
112.8
110.3
102.6
94.9
87.2
82.1
76.9
76.9
82.1
71.8
76.9
82.1
82.1
82.1
Leather: har
sole,
ness, oak, coun Leather:
hemlock.
try middles.
80.7845 100.0 081.850
d.9750 124.3
d.9750 124.3
d. 9700 123.6
1.900
d. 8750 111.5
d. 7250
92.4
1.900
d . 7000
89.2
1.875
d. 7000
1.875
89.2
d. 6500
82.9
1.850
1.800
d. 6500
82.9
d . 6250
1.750
79.7
82.9
1.900
d. 6500
d. 7250
82.4
2.000
.6667
85.0
1.850
90.0
1.875
.7063
.7525
1.800
95.9
.7009
89.2
1.750
100.0
102.7
102.7
101.4
101.4
100.0
97.3
94.6
102.7
108.1
100.0
101.4
97.3
94.6
Leather: wax
Leather: sole, calf,
30 to 40 lbs.
oak.
to the dozen.
80.9310
1.2250
1.1270
1.0780
1.C635
.9800
.8575
.7840
.7595
.7105
.7350
.7595
.6615
.7350
.8085
.7595
.7840
100.0
131.6
121.1
115.8
113.2
105.3
92.1
84.2
81.6
76.3
78.9
81.6
71.1
78.9
86.8
81.6
84.2
Linen shoe
thread: 10s,
Barbour.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. pound. price. sq. foot. price. pound. price.
Average,1890-1899.. 60.2590 100.0 60.1939
1890.........................
.2571
99.3
.1921
1891.........................
.2579
99.6
.1858
1892..........................
.2367
91.4
.1727
1893..........................
.2400
92.7
.1796
1894.........................
.2275
.1715
87.8
1895.........................
.2888 111.5
.2073
1896.........................
.2554
98.6
.1881
1897.........................
.2433
93.9
.2033
1898.........................
.2825 109.1
,2129
1899.........................
.3004 116.0
.2254
1900.........................
.3025 116.8
.2490
1901.........................
.2971 114.7
.2475
1902.........................
e. 3325 el 14.7
.2367
1903.........................
e. 3313 ell4.3
.2267
1904.........................
e. 3188 ellO.O
.2258
1905.........................
0.3333 «115.0
.2290
100.0
99.1
95.8
89.1
92.6
88.4
106.9
97.0
104.8
109.8
116.2
128.4
127.6
122.1
116.9
116.5
118.1
60.3363
.3771
.3679
.3421
.3483
.3279
.3421
.2925
.3079
.3213
.3358
.3608
.3525
.3800
.3742
.3450
.3663
100.0
112.1
109.4
101.7
103.6
97.5
101.7
87.0
91.6
95.5
99.9
107.3
104.8
113.0
111.3
102.6
108.9
60.6545
.6000
.6469
.6929
.6450
.6042
.7333
.6433
.6156
.6760
.6875
.6563
.6281
.6604
.6900
.6875
.6969
100.0
91.7
98.8
105.9
98.5
92.3
112.0
98.3
94.1
103.3
105.0
100.3
96.0
100.9
105.4
105.0
106.5
60.8748
.8910
.8910
.8910
.8993
.9182
.8514
.8514
.8514
.8514
.8514
.8877
.8910
.8910
.8460
.8499
.8499
100.0
101.9
101.9
101.9
102.8
105.0
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
101.5
101.9
101.9
96.7
97.2
97.2
a The price for 1890-1903 is for two-thread goods. Prices, 1904 and 1905 are for single-thread goods.
For method of computing relative price, see page 358. Price of single-thread goods, 80.6370 in Septem
ber, 1903.
b September price.
c Average for 1893-1899.
d January price.
e Leather: harness, oak, packers' hides, heavy, No. 1. For method of computing relative price, see
page 358. Average price, 1901,80.3325.
5929— No. 63—06-----10
478
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able IV.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Linen thread: Overcoatings:
3-cord, 200-yard beaver, Mosspools, Barbour. cow, all wool.
Year.
Overcoatings:
chinchilla, all
wool.
Overcoatings:
chinchilla,
cotton warp.
Overcoatings:
covert cloth,
light weight.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price
tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
per 12
price.
spools. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard.
Average,1890-1899.. $0.8522
.8910
1890 ..........................
1891
..............
.7945
1892
..............
.8019
1893
..............
.8308
.8514
1894
..............
.8514
1895
..............
1896 ..........................
.8514
1897 ..........................
.8679
1898
..............
.8910
1899
..............
.8910
1900
..............
.8910
1901
..............
.8910
1902 ..........................
.8910
1903
..............
.8370
1904
..............
.8835
1905
..............
.8835
100.0
104.6
94.1
97.5
101.8
104.6
104.6
104.6
104.6
104.6
98.2
103.7
103.7
Overcoatings:
kersey, stand
ard, 27 to 28 oz.
$2.0817
a2.4296
02.4296
o2.4296
2.3250
1.9879
1.7670
1.7670
1.7670
1.8600
2.0538
2.4994
2.2088
2.2088
2.4413
2.3250
2.4413
100.0
116.7
116.7
116.7
111.7
95.5
84.9
84.9
84.9
89.4
98.7
120.1
106.1
106.1
117.3
111.7
117.3
$2.1419
<*2.4296
0,2.4296
<*2.4296
2.3250
1.9879
1.8774
1.8774
1.8774
2.0925
2.0925
2.4994
2.0925
2.0925
2.2088
2.2088
2.3948
100.0
113.4
113.4
113.4
108.5
92.8
87.7
87.7
87.7
97.7
97.7
116.7
97.7
97.7
103.1
103.1
111.8
$0.4883
.5325
.5258
.5329
.5367
.4733
.4508
.4354
.4575
.4800
.4583
.4892
.4433
.4508
.4533
.4558
.4588
100.0
109.1
107.7
109.1
109.9
96.9
92.3
89.2
93.7
98.3
93.9
100.2
90.8
92.3
92.8
93.3
91.0
Shawls: stand
Sheetings:
P
rllllt
in t L
ploths*
JT
ivU
ilS
I*
ard, all wool, bleached, 10-4,
28-inch, 64x64. 72x144
in., 42-oz.
Atlantic.
$2.3286
2.4616
2.4616
2.4616
2.4616
2.4254
2.3259
2.0363
1.9458
2.2625
2.4435
2.3621
2.2625
2.2625
2.1899
2.1899
2.2568
100.0
105.7
105.7
105.7
105.7
104.2
99.9
87.4
83.6
97.2
104.9
101.4
97.2
97.2
94.0
94.0
96.9
Sheetings:
bleached, 10-4,
Pepperell.
Year.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price
per tive price per tive
price
tive price per tive price per tive
* ___ A
each. price. yard. price. yard.
price. yard. price.
price.
Average, 1890-1899.. &$1.2472
1890
..............
1891
..............
1892
..............
1893
..............
1894
..............
1895
..............
1896
..............
1897
.............. 1.1833
1898
.............. 1.3000
1899
1.2583
1900
1.5750
1901
1902
1.5000
1903
1.5750
1904
1.6500
1905
1.8313
100.0 $0.02838
.08340
.02938
.03386
.03251
.02748
.02864
.02581
94.9
.02485
104.2
.02059
100.9
.02732
126.3
.03083
120.3
.02819
120.3
.03090
126.3
.032156
132.3
.03329
146.8
.031214
100.0
117.7
103.5
119.3
114.6
96.8
100.9
90.9
87.6
72.6
96.3
108.6
99.3
108.9
113.3
117,3
110.0
$4.5787 100.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.0800
89.1
4.0970
89.5
4.1300
90.2
4.0800
89.1
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
4.9000 107.0
<52.2400 <5117.5
$0.1836
.2241
.2138
.1996
.2052
.1741
.1722
.1700
.1604
.1527
.1641
.2043
.1853
.1917
.2124
.2355
.2024
100.0
122.1
116.4
108.7
111.8
94.8
93.8
92.6
87.4
83.2
89.4
111.3
100.9
104.4
115.7
128.3
110.2
$0.1884
.2190
.2008
.1900
.1946
.1742
.1785
.1792
.1738
.1721
.2021
.2292
.2117
.2100
.2275
.2425
.2267
100.0
116.2
106.6
100.8
103.3
92.5
94.7
95.1
92.3
91.3
107.3
121.7
112.4
111.5
120.8
128.7
120.3
« Records destroyed. Price estimated by person who furnished data for later years.
&Average for 1897-1899.
o Shawls: standard, all wool (low grade), 72x144 inch, 40 to 42 ounce. For method of computing
relative price, see page 358. Average price, 1904, $2.04.
479
COURSE OP WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I V ___BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Year.
Sheetings:
bleached, 10-4,
Wamsutta S. T.
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Atlantic A.
Sheetings:
brown,4-4,
Indian Head.
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Pepperell R.
Sheetings:
brown, 4-4,
Stark A. A.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. 60.2949
.3126
1890..........................
.3162
1891..........................
.2944
1892..........................
.3056
1898..........................
.2756
1894..........................
.2719
1895..........................
.2925
1896..........................
.2925
1897..........................
.2925
1898..........................
.2951
1899..........................
.3075
1900..........................
.2925
1901.........................
.2925
1902..........................
.3038
1903..........................
1904..........................
.2775
1905..........................
.2700
Year.
100.0
106.0
107.2
99.8
103.6
93.5
92.2
99.2
99.2
99.2
100.1
104.3
99.2
99.2
103.0
94.1
91.6
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Fruit of the
Loom.
60.0553
.0669
.0553
.0590
.0619
.0549
.0520
.0535
.0490
.0443
.0466
.0555
.0542
.0549
.0636
.0718
.0639
100.0
121.0
118.1
106.7
111.9
99.3
94.0
96.7
88.6
80.1
84.3
100.4
98.0
99.3
115.0
129.8
115.6
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Hope.
60.0626
.0725
.0727
.0648
.0679
.0598
.0585
.0622
.0588
.0540
.0544
.0623
.0631
.0625
.0681
.0802
.0758
100.0
115.8
116.1
103.6
108.5
95.5
93.5
99.4
93.9
86.3
86.9
99.5
100.8
99.8
108.8
128.1
121.1
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Lonsdale.
60.0551
.0640
.0597
.0569
.0583
.0531
.0529
.0558
.0525
.0475
.0504
.0592
.0592
.0569
. 0599
.0669
.0644
100.0
116.2
108.3
103.3
105.8
96.4
96.0
101.3
95.3
86.2
91.5
107.4
107.4
103.3
108.7
121.4
116.9
60.0525
100.0
125.7
.0660
113.1
.0594
103.8
.0545
.0574
109.3
99.2
.0521
97.7
.0513
97.3
.0511
.0452
86.1
80.8
.0424
.0451
85.9
96.8
.0508
94.1
.0494
a. 0566 «92.6
a. 0623 alOl.9
a. 0715 o 117.0
a. 0725 0118.6
Shirtings:
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4, bleached, 4-4,
New York
Wamsutta
Mills.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price.
Average,1890-1899.. 60.0728
.0845
1890..........................
1891..........................
.0799
1R M __________________
.0808
•
1893 .
.0832
.0727
1894.........................
1895..........................
. 0700
1896..........................
.0696
1897 ..........................
.0641
1898..........................
.0584
1899..........................
.0644
1900
..............
.0753
1901
..............
.0750
1902.........................
.0756
1903.........................
.0767
1904.........................
.0802
1905..........................
.0748
100.0
116.1
109.8
111.0
114.3
99.9
96.2
95.6
88.0
80.2
88.5
103.4
103.0
103.8
105.4
110.2
102.7
60.0630
.0726
.0703
.0663
.0713
.0620
.0608
.0620
.0574
.0518
.0551
.0671
.0699
.0676
.0675
.0705
.0663
100.0 60.0727
115.2
.0845
.0822
111.6
105.2
.0812
113.2
.0832
98.4
.0727
96.5,
.0697
98.4
.0685
91.1
.0633
82.2
. 0595
87.5
.0626
.0731
106.5
1 1 1 .0
.0738
.0741
107.3
.0765
107.1
.0796
111.9
105.2
.0739
100.0
116.2
113.1
111.7
114.4
100.0
95.9
94.2
87.1
81.8
86.1
100.6
101.5
101.9
103.9
109.5
101.7
a Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Massachusetts Mills, Flying Horse brand.
tive price, see page 358. Average price, 1901,60.0575.
60.0876
.0968
.0965
.0931
.0925
.0885
.0851
.0885
.0836
.0784
.0725
.0786
.0760
.0766
.0850
.0830
.0848
100.0
110.5
110.2
106.3
105.6
101.0
97.1
101.0
95.4
89.5
82.8
89.7
86.8
87.4
97.0
94.7
96.8
60.0948
.1011
.1009
.0973
.0981
.0950
.0969
.0951
.0935
.0807
.0892
.0965
.0875
.0885
.0974
.0921
.0942
100.0
106.6
106.4
102.6
103.5
100.2
102.2
100.3
98.6
85.1
94.1
101.8
92.3
93.4
102.7
97.2
99.4
For method of computing rela
480
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
IV .— BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), AND A V E R A G E
Y E A R L Y ACTUAL AND R E L A T IV E PRICES, 1890 TO 1905— Continued.
Table
Cloths and clothing.
Year.
Silk: raw,
Italian, clas
sical.
Silk: raw, Ja
pan, filatures.
indigo
Suitings: clay Suitings: clay Suitings:
all wool,
worsted diago worsted diago blue,14-oz.,
nal, 12-oz.
nal, 16-oz.
Middlesex.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Relas Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. price. yard. price. yard. price. yard. price.
Average,1890-1899.. $4.2558
1890.......................... 5.2238
1891.......................... 4.1865
1892.......................... 4.4826
1893.......................... 5.0289
1894.......................... 3.6816
1895
.............. 4.0373
1896
.............. 3.6293
1897
.............. 3.6404
1898
.............. 3.8768
1899
.............. 4.7706
1900
.............. 4.5128
1901
.............. 3.8466
1902
.............. 4.1085
1903 .......................... 4.5241
1904
.............. 3.8651
1905
.............. 4.1085
100.0
122.7
98.4
105.3
118.2
86.5
94.9
85.3
85.5
91.1
112.1
106.0
90.4
96.5
106.3
90.8
96.5
$4.0187
5.2429
4.0110
4.3266
4.5409
3.3627
3.7855
3.4072
3.4637
3.6376
4.4085
4.1690
3.5132
3.8224
4.1346
3.6416
3.9912
100.0 <*$0.8236
130.6
99.8107.7
113.0
83.7
94.2
. 7621
84.8
.7337
86.2
.7595
.9165
90.5
109.7
.9461
103.7
1.0819
87.4
.9113
95.1
.9131
102.9
.9488
.9244
90.6
99.3
1.0931
Suitings:
Suitings:
indigo blue, serge, Washing
all wool, 16-oz. ton Mills 6700.
Year.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892
..............
1893
..............
1894
..............
1895
..............
1896
..............
1897 ..........................
1 8 9 8 .......................
1899
..............
1900
..............
1901
..............
1902
..............
1903
..............
1904
..............
1905
..............
100.0 *>$1.0068
100.0
92.5
89.1
92.2
111.3
114.9
131.4
110.6
110.9
115.2
112.2
132.7
93.8
87.6
93.3
111.4
113.9
133.7
111.0
108.6
112.1
109.6
129.3
Tickings:
Amoskeag
A. C. A.
.9445
.8819
.9392
1.1216
1.1468
1.3463
1.1175
1.0931
1.1288
1.1036
1.3013
$1.3230
1.5470
1.6470
1.5470
1.5084
1.4697
1.1523
1.1375
1.0465
1.1375
1.1375
1.1375
1.1849
1.3119
1.4400
1.4438
1.5300
100.0
116.9
116.9
116.9
114.0
111.1
87.1
86.0
79.1
86.0
86.0
86.0
89.6
99.2
108.8
109.1
115.6
Underwear:
Trouserings:
fancy worsted, white, all wool,
22 to 23 oz.
etc.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela- Average
12 Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per v tive price,
tive
gar
yard. price. yard. price.
price.
yard. price. yard. price. ments.
$1.9154
c 2.0925
c 2.0925
c 2.0925
2.0925
1.7670
1.5903
1.7228
1.6740
1.9763
2.0538
2.2669
2.0925
2.0925
2.1576
2.1855
2.2785
100.0 6$0.7526
109.2
109.2
109.2
.9100
.9100
109.2
.6825
92.3
.6825
83.0
.6143
89.9
.6598
87.4
103.2
.7508
.8106
107.2
.8100
118.4
.8025
109.2
109.2
.7913
.7556
112.6
114.1
.7744
.9638
119.0
100.0
120.9
120.9
90.7
90.7
81.6
87.7
99.8
107.7
107.6
106.6
105.1
100.4
102.9
128.1
$0.1061
.1200
.1175
.1150
.1181
.1084
.1006
.1019
.0975
.0894
.0923
.1084
.1013
.1050
.1104
.1213
.1083
100.0 m . 9456 100.0
113.1
110.7
2.0734 106.6
108.4
2.0734 106.6
111.3
102.2
1.9238
98.9
1.7100
87.9
94.8
1.7955
92.3
96.0
1.7955
92.3
91.9
2.1197 108.9
84.3
2.0734 106.6
87.0
102.2
2.2871 117.6
1.9879 102.2
95.5
1.9800 101.8
99.0
104.1 <*2.0925 <*104.6
114.3 <*2.1244 <*106.2
102.1 <*2.2331 <*111.6
$23.31
24.75
. 25.65
25.65
25.65
21.60
21.60
21.60
21.60
21.60
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
23.40
100.0
106.2
110.0
110.0
110.0
92.7
92.7
92.7
92.7
92.7
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
Average for 1895-1899.
*>Average for 1892-1899.
o Records destroyed. Price estimated by person who furnished data for later years.
<*21 to 22 ounce. For average price in 1902 and method of computing relative price, see page 358.
a
481
COUESE OF WHOLESALE PEIOES, 1890 TO 1905,
T abi >e IV.—
BASE
PEICES (AVEEAGE FOE 1890-1899), AND AVEEAGE
Y EA ELY ACTUAL AND EELATIVE PEICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Year.
Women’s dress Women’s dress Women’s dress Women’s dress
Underwear:
goods: cashgoods: cashgoods: alpaca, goods: cashwhite merino, cotton
warp, 22- mere, all wool, mere, cotton mere, cot. warp,
52# wool, etc. inch, Hamilton.
warp, Atl. F. 22-in.,Hamilton.
Atlantic J.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price,12 tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
gar
yard. price. yard. price.
price. yard. price.
ments. price. yard.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893.........................
1894....................
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897..........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902___....................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
Year.
$15.57 100.0
16.65 106.9
17.55 112.7
17.55 112.7
17.55 112.7
14.85
95.4
92.5
14.40
14.40
92.5
92.5
14.40
95.4
14.85
86.7
13.50
95.4
14.85
14.85
95.4
95.4
14.85
a 16.20 a 95.4
a 16.20 a 95.4
a 16.20 a 95.4
$0.0680 100.0
.0735 108.1
.0735 108.1
.0723 106.3
.0711 104.6
.0686 100.9
.0637
93.7
93.7
.0637
.0637
93.7
.0637
93.7
.0657
96.6
.0711 104.6
.0711 104.6
.0705 103.7
.0690 101.5
.0764 112.4
b. 1150 5114.9
$0.2905
.3479
.3663
.3724
.3247
. 2450
.2352
.1960
.2389
.2573
.3208
.3459
.3234
.3234
.3320
.3418
.3730
100.0
119.8
126.1
128.2
111.8
84.3
81.0
67.5
82.2
88.6
110.4
119.1
111.3
111.3
114.3
117.7
128.4
$0.1520
.1813
.1813
.1789
.1495
.1348
.1274
.1270
.1372
.1434
.1593
.1642
.1585
.1642
.1679
.1740
.2017
100.0
119.3
119.3
117.7
98.4
88.7
83.8
83.6
90.3
94.3
104.8
108.0
104.3
108.0
110.5
114.5
132.7
$0.0758
100.0
.0833
109.9
.0833
109.9
.0821
108.3
.0809
106.7
.0760
100.3
.0735
97.0
.0711
93.8
.0686
90.5
.0686
90.5
.0706
93.1
.0760
100.3
.0760
100.3
.0754
99.5
.0741
97.8
106.7
.0809
c. 1867 C107.7
Women’s dress Women’s dress Wool: Ohio,
Wool: Ohio,
yarns:
goods: cashfine fleece (X medium fleece Worsted
Franklin and
2-40s, Austra
mere, cot. warp, goods:
(
a and f grade),
X
X
grade),
sackings,
6-4.
lian
fine.
27-in., Hamilton.
scoured.
scoured.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
yard. price.
yard. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
Average,1890-1839.. $0.0883
1890..........................
.0980
1891.........................
.0980
1892 .........................
.0968
1893..........................
.0937
1894.........................
.0907
.0846
1895.........................
.0821
1896.........................
1897.........................
.0784
1898.........................
.0784
1899 ......................... , .0821
1900..........................
.0882
1901..........................
.0907
1902..........................
.0901
1903....... ..................
.0894
1904..........................
.0976
1905..........................
.1072
100.0
111.0
111.0
109.6
106.1
102.7
95.8
93.0
88.8
88.8
93.0
99.9
102.7
102.0
101.2
110.5
121.4
$0.5151
.5938
.6175
.6175
.6056
.4988
.4342
.4156
.4235
.4552
.4889
.6096
.5383
.5581
.5898
.5839
.6749
100.0
115.3
119.9
119.9
117.6
96.8
84.3
80.7
82.2
88.4
94.9
118.3
104.5
108.3
114.5
113.4
131.0
$0.5526
.7156
.6857
.6119
.5639
.4448
.3768
.3940
.4955
.6150
.6232
.6594
.5453
.5770
.6546
.6862
.7591
100.0
129.5
124.1
110.7
102.0
80.5
68.2
71.3
89.7
i n ,a
112.8
119.3
98.7
104.4
118.5
124.2
137.4
$0.4564
.6143
.5820
.5276
.4620
.3542
.3280
.3186
.3999
.4805
.4966
.5296
.4315
.4436
.4658
.4869
.5348
100.0
134.6
127.5
115.6
101.2
77.6
71.9
69.8
87.6
105.3
108.8
116.0
94.5
97.2
102.1
106.7
117.2
$1.0183
1.2263
1.2354
1.2175
1.1342
.9292
.7425
.7250
.8517
1.0308
1.0908
1.2050
1.0404
1.1229
1.1771
1.1875
1.2525
100.0
120.4
121.3
119.6
111.4
91.3
72.9
71.2
83.6
101.2
107.1
118.3
102.2
110.3
115.6
116.6
123.0
a 60 per cent wool, etc. For average price in 1902 and method of computing relative price,' see
page 358.
b Danish cloth, cotton warp and filling, 22-inch. For method of computing relative price, see
page 358. Average price, 1904, $0.1125.
c Poplar cloth, cotton warp and filling, 36-inch, p o t method of computing relative price, see
page 358. Average price, 1904, $0.1850.
482
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
IV .— BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), AND A V E R A G E
Y E A R L Y ACTU AL AND R E L A T IV E PRICES, 1890 TO 1905— Continued.
T able
Fuel and lighting.
Cloths, etc.
Year.
Worsted yarns: Candles: ada
mantine, 6s,
2-40s. X X X ,
14-ounce.
white, m skeins.
Coal: anthra
cite, broken.
Coal: anthra
cite, chestnut.
Coal: anthra
cite, egg.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
ton.
pound. price. pound. price.
price.
ton.
price.
ton.
price.
Average,1890-1899..
1890.........................
1891..........................
1892.........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
1895..........................
1896 ..........................
1897..........................
1898 ..........................
1899..........................
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902 ..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
$1.0071
1.2500
1.2625
1.1563
1.0833
.9188
.7563
.7500
.8188
1.0042
1.0708
1.1938
1.0283
a 1.1392
a 1.2125
a 1.1717
a 1.2733
100.0 $0.0782
124.1
.0800
125.4
.0800
114.8
.0800
107.6
.0883
91.2
.0867
75.1
.0850
74.5
.0850
81.3
.0745
99.7
.0613
106.3
.0613
118.5
.1059
102.1
.1100
<*113.1
.1100
<*120.4
.0996
<*116.3
.0900
.0858
ol26.4
100.0 $3.3669
102.3
3.4858
102.3
3.4433
102.3
3.6152
3.5628
112.9
3.4172
110.9
108.7
3.2833
108.7
3.2691
3.2465
95.3
78.4
3.2108
78.4
3.1350
135.4
3.2706
140.7
3.5508
140.7
3.7186
127.4
4.2496
115.1
4.2473
4.2134
109.7
100.0
103.5
102.3
107.4
105.8
101.5
97.5
97.1
96.4
95.4
93.1
97.1
105.5
110.4
126.2
126.1
125.1
$3.5953
3.3533
3.4758
3.9443
4.1673
3.5416
2.9793
3.5561
3.7366
3.5525
3.6458
3.9166
4.3270
4.4597
4.8251
4.8250
4.8226
100.0
93.3
96.7
109.7
115.9
98.5
82.9
98.9
103.9
98.8
101.4
108.9
120.4
124.0
134.2
134.2
134.1
$3.5936
3.6142
3.7508
3.9803
3.8520
3.3903
3.0296
3.5490
3.7986
3.5993
3.3714
3.5843
4.0565
4.3673
4.8251
4.8227*
4.8246
100.0
100.6
104.4
110.8
107.2
94.3
84.3
98.8
105.7
100.2
93.8
99.7
112.9
121.5
134.3
134.2
134.3
Fuel and lighting.
Year.
Coal: bitumi Coal:bit.Georges Coal: bit. Pitts
Coke: ConCoal: anthra nous,
burg (Yough- nellsville, fur
Georges Creek (f. o. b.
cite, stove.
Creek(atmine). N .Y. Harbor).
iogheny).
nace.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
ton.
ton.
ton.
price.
ton.
price.
price. bushel. price.
price.
Average,1890-1899.. $3.7949
1890.......................... 3.7108
1891.......................... 3.8542
1892.......................... 4.1532
1893.......................... 4.1931
1894.......................... 3.6003
1895.......................... 3.1264
1896.......................... 3.7942
1897.......................... 4.0146
1898.......................... 3.7978
3.7047
1899.........................
1900.......................... 3.9451
1901.......................... 4.3224
1902.......................... 4.4627
1903.......................... 4.8245
1904.......................... 4.8246
1905.........................
4.8226
100.0
97.8
101.6
109.4
110.5
94.9
82.4
100.0
105.8
100.1
97.6
104.0
113.9
117.6
127.1
127.1
127.1
$0.8887
.8625
.9500
.9000
.9208
.8208
.7750
.9000
.8333
.9125
1.0125
1.2000
1.3375
2.1250
2.3958
1.7500
1.6000
100.0
97.1
106.9
101.3
103.6
92.4
87.2
101.3
93.8
102.7
113.9
135.0
150.5
239.1
269.6
196.9
180.0
$2.7429
2.9875
3.0313
2.9313
2.9500
2.7375
2.8125
2.6625
2.4417
2.1750
2.7000
2.9083
2.9250
4.0583
4.4375
3.1958
3.1500
a designated as X X X X .
100.0
108.9
110.5
106.9
107.6
99.8
102.5
97.1
89.0
79.3
98.4
106.0
106.6
148.0
161.8
116.5
114.8
$0.0643
.0664
.0789
.0749
.0758
.0634
.0600
.0573
.0570
.0565
.0531
.0752
.0752
.0787
.0925
.0852
.0800
100.0
103.3
122.7
116.5
117.9
98.6
93.3
89.1
88.6
87.9
82.6
117.0
117.0
122.4
143.9
132.5
124.4
$1.6983
2.0833
1.8750
1.8083
1.4792
1.0583
1.3250
1.8750
1.6167
1.6771
2.1854
2.6458
1.9625
2.6875
2.9125
1.6375
2.2875
100.0
122.7
110.4
106.5
87.1
62.3
78.0
110.4
95.2
98.8
128.7
155.8
115.6
158.2
171.5
96.4
134.7
483
COURSE OP WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
I V .— BASE PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), AND A V E R A G E
Y E A R L Y A C TU AL AND R E L A T IV E PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
T able
Metals and im
plements.
Fuel and lighting.
Year.
Matches: par
lor, domestic.
Petroleum:
crude.
Petroleum: re Petroleum: re Augers: extra,
|-inch.
fined,for export. fined, 150°, w. w.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price 144 tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
tive
boxes price. barrel. price. gallon. price. gallon. price. price
each. price.
(200s).
Average, 1890-1899.. $1.7563
1.9583
1890.........................
1891.........................
1.7500
1892 .......................... 1.7500
1893.......................... 1.7500
1894.........................
1.6667
1895.......................... 1.6875
1896.......................... 1.7500
1897 .......................... 1.7500
1898.........................
1.7500
1899.......................... 1.7500
1900.......................... 1.7500
1901.......................... 1.7500
1902.......................... 1.5833
1903........................
1.5000
1904.......................... 1.5000
1905.......................... 1.5000
100.0
111.5
99.6
99.6
99.6
94.9
96.1
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
90.1
85.4
85.4
85.4
$0.9102
.8680
.6697
.5564
.6399
.8389
1.3581
1.1789
.7869
.9118
1.2934
1.3521
1.2095
1.2369
1.5886
1.6270
1.3842
100.0
95.4
73.6
61.1
70.3
92.2
149.2
129.5
86.5
100.2
142.1
148.5
132.9
135.9
174.5
178.8
152.1
$0.0649
.0733
.0685
.0609
.0522
.0515
.0711
.0702
.0597
.0628
.0791
.0854
.0749
.0734
.0860
.0826
.0722
100.0
112.9
105.5
93.8
80.4
79.4
109.6
108.2
92.0
96.8
121.9
131.6
115.4
113.1
132.5
127.3
111.2
$0.0890
.0995
.0879
.0794
.0725
.0725
.0922
.1039
.0900
.0909
.1015
.1188
.1096
.1108
.1363
.1367
.1263
100.0
111.8
98.8
89.2
81.5
81.5
103.6
116.7
101.1
102.1
114.0
133.5
123.1
124.5
153.1
153.6
141.9
$0.1608
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1800
.1542
.1333
.1394
.1425
.1425
.1465
.2000
.1700
.1800
.2310
.2400
.3067
100.0
118.2
118.2
118.2
111.9
95.9
82.9
86.7
88.6
88.6
91.1
124.4
105.7
111.9
143.7
149.3
190.7
Metals and implements.
Year.
Bar iron: best Bar iron: best
refined, from
Axes: M. C.O., refined, from
mill (Pittsburg store (Philadel
Yankee.
market).
phia market).
Barb wire:
galvanized.
Butts: loose
joint, cast,
3 x 3 inch.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price
tive
price
tive
price
tive price per tive
price
tive
each. price. per lb. price. per lb. price. 100 I ds. price. per pair. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.4693
1890.........................
.5650
1891..........................
.5550
1892..........................
.5000
1893..........................
.5000
1894..........................
.4733
1895.........................
.4600
1896..........................
.4150
1897.........................
.3938
1898..........................
.3750
1899.........................
.4555
1900..........................
.4831
1901.........................
.4166
1902 ..........................
.4833
1903..........................
.5050
1904..........................
.5788
1905..........................
.6323
100.0
120.4
118.3
106.5
106.5
100.9
98.0
88.4
83.9
79.9
97.1
102.9
88.8
103.0
107.6
123.3
134.7
$0.0145
.0184
.0171
.0164
.0150
.0120
.0125
.0122
.0110
.0107
.0195
.0215
.0180
.0194
.0177
.0148
.0187
100.0
126.9
117.9
113.1
103.4
82.8
86.2
84.1
75.9
73.8
134.5
148.3
124.1
133.8
122.1
102.1
129.0
$0.0164
.0205
.0190
.0187
.0170
.0134
.0144
.0140
.0131
.0128
.0207
.0196
.0184
.0213
.0200
.0172
.0192
100.0
125.0
115.9
114.0
103.7
81.7
87.8
85.4
79.9
78.0
126.2
119.5
112.2
129.9
122.0
104.9
117.1
$2.5261
3.5665
3.2189
2.7662
2.5188
2.1750
2.2458
1.9625
1.8000
1.8375
3.1696
3.3942
3.0375
2.9542
2.7375
2.5075
2.3829
100.0
141.2
127.4
109.5
99.7
86.1
88.9
77.7
71.3
72.7
125.5
134.4
120.2
116.9
108.4
99.3
94.3
$0.0316
.0353
.0353
.0306
.0311
.0303
.0317
.0329
.0306
.0292
.0292
.0400
.0369
.0400
.0400
.0400
.0400
100.0
111.7
111.7
96.8
98.4
95.9
100.3
104.1
96.8
92.4
92.4
126.6
116.8
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
484
BULLETUN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able IV.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Metals and implements.
Year.
Chisels: extra, Copper: ingot, Copper: sheet,
hot-rolled (base
socket firmer,
lake.
1-inch.
sizes).
Copper wire:
bare.
Doorknobs:
steel, bronze
plated.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price
tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
each. price. pound. price. pound. price. pound. price.
pair.
price.
Average,1890-1899.. $0.1894
1890..........................
.2100
.2100
1891..........................
1892..........................
.2100
.1933
1893..........................
1894..........................
.1733
1895..........................
.1710
1896..........................
.1793
.1710
1897..........................
.1720
1898..........................
.2038
1899..........................
1900..........................
.2417
1901..........................
.2300
1902..........................
.2700
.2800
1903..........................
1904..........................
.3000
1905..........................
.3967
100.0
110.9
110.9
110.9
102.1
91.5
90.3
94.7
90.3
90.8
107.6
127.6
121.4
142.6
147.8
158.4
209.5
Files: 8-inch
mill bastard.
Year.
$0.1234
.1575
.1305
.1154
.1093
.0948
.1075
.1097
.1132
.1194
.1767
.1661
.1687
.1201
.1368
.1311
.1576
100.0
127.6
105.8
93.5
88.6
76.8
87.1
88.9
91.7
96.8
143.2
134.6
136.7
97.3
110.9
106.2
127.7
Hammers:
Maydole No. 1£.
$0.1659
.2275
.1900
.1600
.1500
.1425
.1425
.1425
.1463
.1400
.2175
.2067
.2088
.1783
.1917
.1800
.1992
100.0
137.1
114.5
96.4
90.4
85.9
85.9
85.9
88.2
84.4
131.1
124.6
125.9
107.5
115.6
108.5
120.1
Lead: pig.
$0.1464
.1875
.1650
.1438
.1350
.1156
.1238
.1356
.1375
,1375
.1825
.1800
.1815
.1326
.1497
.1438
.1702
100.0
128.1
112.7
98.2
92.2
79.0
84.6
92.6
93.9
93.9
124.7
123.0
124.0
90.6
102.3
98:2
116.3
Lead pipe.
$0.1697
.1660
.1660
.1660
.1660
.1660
.1953
.1733
.1660
.1660
.1660
.1813
.1900
.2153
.2250
.2458
.3625
100.0
97.8
97.8
97.8
97.8
97.8
.115.1
102.1
97.8
97.8
97.8
106.8
112.0
126.9
132.6
144.8
213.6
Locks: com
mon mortise.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive
price
tive price per tive price per tive
price
tive
dozen. price. each. price. pound. price. 100 lbs. price. each. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $0.8527
.9100
1890..........................
1891..........................
.8917
1892..........................
.8717
.8667
1893..........................
.8300
1894................, ........
.8133
1895.........................
.7775
1896.........................
1897.........................
.8050
.8250
1898..........................
1899..........................
.9358
1900.........................
1.0900
1901.......................... 1.0500
1902.......................... 1.0500
1903.......................... 1.0500
1904.......................... 1.0400
1905.......................... 1.0367
100.0
106.7
104.6
102.2
101.6
97.3
95.4
91.2
94.4
96.8
109.7
127.8
123.1
123.1
123.1
122.0
121.6
Nails: cut, 8penny, fence
and common.
$0.3613
.3500
.3500
.3500
.3500
.3500
.3525
.3800
.3800
.3633
.3867
.4189
.4233
.4233
.4660
.4660
.4660
100.0
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
97.6
105.2
105.2
100.6
107.0
115.9
117.2
117.2
129.0
129.0
129.0
Nails: wire, 8penny, fence
and common.
$0.0381
.0440
.0437
.0413
.0374
.0331
.0326
.0300
.0358
.0380
.0448
.0445
.0438
.0411
.0428
.0443
.0479
100.0
115.5
114.7
108.4
98.2
86.9
85.6
78.7
94.0
99.7
117.6
116.8
115.0
107.9
112.3
116.3
125.7
Pig iron: Bes
semer.
$4.8183
5.4000
5.6000
5.1833
5.0000
4.4333
4.2000
4.1000
4.3167
4.6000
5.3500
5.1208
5.0479
5.2167
5.1958
4.7950
5.2250
100.0
112.1
116.2
107.6
103.8
92.0
87.2
85.1
89.6
95.5
111.0
106.3
104.8
108.3
107.8
99.5
108.4
Pig iron:
foundry No. 1.
$0.0817
.0830
.0830
.0830
.0830
.0818
.0833
.0867
.0833
.0750
.0750
.0788
.0750
.0850
.0900
.1025
.1496
100.0
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
100.1
102.0
106.1
102.0
91.8
91.8
96.5
91.8
104.0
110.2
125.5
183.1
Pig iron:
foundry No. 2.
Year.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
ton.
100 lbs. price. 100 lbs. price.
ton.
price.
ton.
price.
price.
Average, 1890-1899. $1.8275
1890.......................... 2.2875
1891 ........................ 1.8333
1892.......................... 1.7583
1893.......................... 1.6813
1894.......................... 1.5271
1895.......................... 1.9250
1896.......................... 2.7125
1897 .........................
1.3329
1898.......................... 1.1927
1899.......................... 2.0240
1900.......................... 2.2500
1901.......................... 2.1125
1902.......................... 2.1333
1903.......................... 2.1958
1904.......................... 1.8188
1905.......................... 1.8250
100.0
125.2
100.3
96.2
92.0
83.6
105.3
148.4
72.9
65.3
110.8
123.1
115.6
116.7
120.2
99.5
99.9
$2.1618
2.9646
2.4667
2.1896
1.9917
1.6521
2.1177
2.9250
1.4854
1.4375
2.3875
2.6333
2.3646
2.1042
2.0750
1.9063
1.8958
100.0 $13.7783
137.1 18.8725
114.1 15.9500
101.3 14.3667
92.1 12.8692
76.4 11.3775
98.0 12.7167
135.8 12.1400
68.7 10.1258
66.5 10.3317
110.4 19.0333
121.8 19.4925
109.4 35.9350
97.3 20.6742
96.0 18.9758
88.2 13.7558
87.7 16.3592
100.0 $14.8042 100.0 $13.0533
137.0 18.4083 124.3 17.1563
115.8 17.5208 118.4 15.3958
104.3 15.7492 106.4 13.7729
93.4 14.5167
98.1 12.4396
82.6 12.6642
85.5 10.8458
92.3 13.1033
88.5 11.6750
88.1 12.9550
87.5 11.7708
73.5 12.1008
81.7 10.1000
75.0 11.6608
78.8 10.0271
138.1 19.3633 130.8 17.3500
141.5 19.9800 135.0 18.5063
115.7 15.8683 107.2 14.7188
150.0 22.1933 149.9 21.2396
137.7 19.9158 134.5 19.1417
99.8 15.5725 105.2 13.6250
118.7 17.8850 120.8 16.4104
100.0
131.4
117.9
105.5
95.3
83.1
89.4
90.2
77.4
76.8
132.9
141.8
112.8
162.7
146.6
104.4
125.7
485
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRIOES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able I V . — BASE
PRIOES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEA RLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Metals and implements.
Year.
Pig iron: gray
forge, south
ern, coke.
Planes: Bailey
No. 5.
Quicksilver.
Saws: cross
cut, Disston.
Saws: hand,
Disston No. 7.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price
tive price per tive
price per tive
price
tive price per tive
ton.
price. each. price. pound. price. each. price. dozen. price.
Average, 1890-1899.
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894.........................
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897..........................
1898.........................
1899..........................
1900..........................
1901.........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
$11.0892
14.5000
12.5167
11.7917
10.6354
8.9375
10.3229
9.6042
8.8021
8.7188
15.0625
15.6042
12.5521
17.6042
16.2292
11.6771
14.4896
100.0
130.8
112.9
106.3
95.9
80.6
93.1
86.6
79.4
78.6
135.8
140.7
113.2
158.8
146.4
105.3
130.7
Shovels: Ames
No. 2.
Year.
$1.3220
1.4200
1.4200
1.4200
1.4200
1.3783
1.2417
1.2300
1.2300
1.2300
1.2300
1.4142
1.4600
1.6100
1.5300
1.5300
1.5300
100.0 $0.5593
107.4
.7300
107.4
.6283
107.-4
.5642
107.4
.5213
104.3
.4792
93.9
.5133
93.0
.4979
93.0
.5157
93.0
.5425
93.0
.6004
107.0
.6769
110.4
.6629
114.2
.6458
115.7
.6342
115.7
.5900
115.7
.5446
Silver: bar,
fine.
100.0
130.5
112.3
100.9
93.2
85.7
91.8
89.0
92.2
97.0
107.3
121.0
118.5
115.5
113.4
105.5
97.4
Spelter: west
ern.
$1.6038
1.603$
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
1.6038
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Steel billets.
$12,780
12.400
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
100.0
112.7
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
Steel rails.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
ton.
ton.
price.
dozen. price. ounce. price. pound. price.
price.
Average, 1890-1899. $7.8658
1890.......................... 7.8700
1891.........................
7.8700
1892.......................... 7.8700
1893.......................... 7.8700
1894.......................... 7.4500
1895.......................... 7.4500
1896 /r ...................... 7.8100
1897.......................... 7.9300
1898.......................... 7.9300
1899.......................... 8.6075
1900.......................... 9.1200
1901.........................
9.1200
1902.........................
9.3550
1903.......................... 8.0200
1904.......................... 7.6533
1905.......................... 7.6200
100.0 $0.74899
100.1 1.05329
.99034
100.1
.87552
100.1
100.1
.78219
94.7
.64043
94.7
.66268
99.3
.68195
.60775
100.8
.59065
100.8
109.4
.60507
115.9
.62065
115.9
.59703
118.9
.52816
102.0
.54208
97.3
.57844
96.9
.61008
Steel sheets:
black, No. 27.
100.0
140.6
132.2
116.9
104.4
85.5
88.5
91.0
81.1
78.9
80.8
82.9
79.7
70.5
72.4
77.2
81.5
Tin: pig.
$0.0452
.0554
.0508
.0465
.0410
.0355
.0362
.0401
.0421
.0453
.0588
.0442
.0405
.0487
.0558
.0515
.0592
100.0 $21.5262
122.6 30.4675
112.4 25.3292
102.9 23.6308
90.7 20.4358
78.5 16.5783
80.1 18.4842
88.7 18.8333
93.1 15.0800
100.2 16.3058
130.1 31.1167
97.8 25.0625
89.6 24.1308
107.7 30.5992
123.5 27.9117
113.9 22.1792
131.0 24.0283
100.0 $26.0654
141.5 31.7792
117.7 29.9167
109.8 30.0000
94.9 28.1250
77.0 24.0000
85.9 24.3333
87.5 28.0000
70.1 18.7500
71.1 17.6250
144.6 28.1250
116.4 32.2875
112.1 27.3333
142.1 28.0000
129.7 28.0000
103.0 28.0000
111.6 28.0000
100.0
121.9
114.8
115.1
107.9
92.1
93.4
107.4
71.9
67.6
107.9
123.9
104.9
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
Trowels:
Tin plates: do Tin plates: im
mestic, Besse ported, Besse M.C.O., brick,
lOHnch.
mer, coke.
mer, coke.
Year.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
tive
price
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
pound. price. pound. pric^ 100 lbs. price. 108 lbs.a price. each. price.
Average, 1890-1899. 6$0.0224
1890
___
1891
............
1892
1893 ........................
1894
. .
.0235
1895
.0244
.0215
1896..........................
.0195
1897..........................
.0190
1898..........................
1899
.
. __
.0267
.0293
1900..........................
1901
.....................
.0315
.0291
1902.........................
1903.........................
.0260
1904..........................
.0210
.0222
1905..........................
100.0
104.9
108.9
96.0
87.1
84.8
119.2
130.8
140.6
129.9
116.1
93.8
99,1
$0.1836
.2121
.2025
. 2037
.2002
.1812
.1405
.1330
.1358
. 1551
.2721
.3006
.2618
.2648
.2816
.2799
. .3127
100.0 c$3.4148
115.5
110.3
110.9
109.0
98.7
76.5
72.4
3.4354
74.0
3.1823
84.5
2.8500
148.2
4.1913
4.6775
163.7
4.1900
142.6
144.2
4.1233
153.4
3.9400
152.5
3.6025
170.3
3.7067
100.0 d$4.5862
4.7958
5.3367
5.3050
5.3717
4.8917
3.8725
3.8000
100.6
3.9025
93.2
4.0000
83.5
(e\
122.7
(e i
137.0
(e )
122.7
120.7
(e)
115.4
w
(e)
105.6
108.5
(*)
a Duty paid.
&Average for the period July, 1894, to December, 1899.
1890-1898.
« Quotations discontinued.
d A v er a g e fo r
100.0
104.6
116.4
115.7
117.1
106.7
84.4
82.9
85.1
87.2
c
100.0
$0.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
.3400
100.0
.3400 . 100.0
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
100.0
.3400
Average for 1896-1899.
486
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able IV ___BASE
PRICES (A V E R A G E FOR 1890-1899), AND A V E R A G E
Y E A R L Y ACTU AL AND R E L A T IV E PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
Metals and implements.
Year.
Wood screws:
Vises: solid box, 1-inch,
No. 10,
50-pound.
flat head.
Lumber and building materials.
Zinc: sheet.
Brick: common Carbonate of
lead: American,
domestic.
in oil.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price
tive price per tive
tive price per tive price per tive
each. price. gross. price. P100eiSs.r price.
M.
price. pound. price.
Average, 1890-1899.. $3.9009
1890
.............. 4.1400
1891
.............. 4.1400
1892
.............. 4.2550
1893
.............. 4.1975
1894
.............. 4.0567
1895
.............. 3.7933
1896
.............. 3.7200
1897
.............. 3.5000
1898
.............. 3.2800
1899
.............. 3.9267
1900
.............. 4.2683
1901
.............. 5.0200
1902
.............. 5.1300
1903
.............. 5.1767
1904
.............. 4.2550
1905
.............. 4.1400
100.0
106.1
106.1
109.1
107.6
104.0
97.2
95.4
89.7
84.1
100.7
109.4
128.7
131.5
132.7
109.1
106.1
$0.1510
.1970
.2000
.2100
.2100
.1558
.1117
.1033
.0850
.0918
.1452
.1820
.1045
.0952
.1093
.0945
.1055
100.0
130.5
132.5
139.1
139.1
103.2
74.0
68.4
56.3
60.8
96.2
120.5
69.2
63.0
72.4
62.6
69.9
$5.3112
6.0542
5.7192
5.4900
4.9942
3.950d
4.5217
4.9400
4.9400
5.4983
7.0042
6.0950
5.5583
5.7308
6.0183
5.6092
6.8250
100.0
114.0
107.7
103.4
94.0
74.4
85.1
93.0
93.0
103.5
131.9
114.8
104.7
107.9
113.3
105.6
128.5
$5.5625
6.5625
5.7083
5.7708
5.8333
5.0000
5.3125
5.0625
4.9375
5.7500
5.6875
5.2500
5.7656
5.3854
5.9063
7.4948
8.1042
100.0
118.0
102.6
103.7
104.9
89.9
95.5
91.0
88.8
103.4
102.2
94.4
103.7
96.8
106.2
134.7
145.7
$0.0577
.0638
.0650
.0658
.0609
.0524
.0525
.0517
.0535
.0543
.0568
.0625
.0576
.0539
.0615
.0598
.0633
100.0
110.6
112.7
114.0
105.5
90.8
91.0
89.6
92.7
94.1
98.4
108.3
99.8
93.4
106.6
103.6
109.7
Lumber and building materials.
Year.
Cement: Port
land, domestic.
Cement:
Rosendale.
Doors: pine.
Hemlock.
Lime: common.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
door. price. M feet. price. barrel. price.
barrel. price. barrel. price.
Average,1890-1899.. «$1.9963
1890
..............
1891
..............
1892 .........................
1893
..............
1894
..............
1895
.............. 1.9688
2.0000
1896 .........................
1897
.............. 1.9667
1898
.............. 1.9979
1899
.............. 2.0479
1900
.............. 2.1583
1901
.............. 1.8896
1902
.............. 1.9500
1903
.............. 2.0292
1904
.............. 1.4604
1905
.............. 1.4271
100.0
98.6
100.2
98.5
100.1
102.6
108.1
94.7
97.7
101.6
73.2
71.5
Linseed oil:
raw.
Year.
$0.8871
1.0542
.9417
.9688
.8876
.9271
.8521
.8333
.7521
.7604
.8938
1.0167
1.0188
.8646
.8896
.8021
.8333
100.0 $1.0929 100.0 $11.9625
118.8
1.3750 125.8 12.5833
106.2
1.2500 114.4 12.4583
109.2
1.2500 114.4 12.2917
100.0
1.2250 112.1 12.0000
104.5
96.1 11.7083
1.0500
96.1
.9125
83.5 11.1458
93.9
.8375 .76.6 11.1667
84.8
.8125
74.3 11.0000
85.7
.9250
84.6 11.7500
100.8
1.2917 118.2 13.5208
114.6
1.5900 145.5 16.5000
114.8
1.8913 173.1 15.0000
2.1208 194.1 15.8333
97.5
1.7292 158.2 16.7917
100.3
90.4
1.6900 154.6 17.0000
93.9 51.8367 5163.2 17.8750
Maple: hard.
Oak: white,
plain.
100.0
105.2
104.1
102.8
100.3
97.9
93.2
93.3
92.0
98.2
113.0
137.9
125.4
132.4
140.4
142.1
149.4
Oak: white,
quartered.
$0.8332
.9792
.9125
.9292
.9292
.8479
.7813
.6938
.7188
.7417
.7979
.6833
.7742
.8058
.7875
.8246
.8908
100.0
117.5
109.5
111.5
111.5
101.8
93.8
83.3
86.3
89.0
95.8
82.0
92.9
96.7
94.5
99.0
106.9
Oxide of zinc.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
gallon. price. M feet. price. M feet. price. M feet. price. pound. price.
Average,1890-1899.. $0.4535
1890
..............
.6158
1891
..............
.4842
1892 i ........................
.4083
1893
..............
.4633
1894
..............
.5242
1895
..............
.5242
1896
..............
.3683
1897
..............
.3275
1898
..............
.3925
1899
..............
.4267
1900
..............
.6292
1901
..............
.6350
1902
..............
.6933
1903
..............
.4167
1904
..............
.4158
1905
..............
.4675
100.0 $26.5042
135.8 26.5000
106.8 26.5000
90.0 26.5000
102.2 26.5000
115.6 26.5000
115.6 26.5000
81.2 26.5000
72.2 26.5000
86.5 26.5000
94.1 26.5417
138.7 27.5000
140.0 26.7083
130.8 28.5833
91.9 31.6667
91.7 31.0000
103.1 30.5000
100JO
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.1
103.8
100.8
107.8
119.5
117.0
115.1
$37.4292
37.8750
38.0000
38.4583
38.7500
37.2500
36.2500
36.2500
36.2500
36.2500
38.9583
40.8333
36.7708
40.8750
44.8333
46.5000
47.3333
100.0 $53.6771
101.2 51.4583
101.5 53.5833
102.7 53.0000
103.5 53.0000
99.5 51.1250
96.8 53.2500
96.8 54.5000
96.8 53.8333
96.8 62.5000
104.1 60.5208
109.1 64.4583
98.2 59.1667
109.2 63.0833
119.8 74.7917
124.2 80.7500
126.5 80.2500
100.0
95.9
99.8
98.7
98.7
95.2
99.2
101.5
100.3
97.8
112.7
120.1
110.2
117.5
139.3
150.4
149.5
$0.0400
.0425
.0419
.0426
.0413
.0373
.0350
.0383
.0377
.0396
.0438
.0451
.0438
.0440
.0463
.0463
.0465
100.0
106.3
104.8
106.5
103.3
93.3
87.5
95.8
94.3
99.0
109.5
112.8
109.5
110.0
115.8
115.8
116.3
a Average for 1895-1899.
&Doors: western white pine, 2 feet 8 inches by 6 feet 8 inches, I f
inches thick, 6 panel, No. 1, O. G. For method of computing relative price, see page 358. Average
price for 1904, $1.74.
487
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1906.
I V . — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
T able
Lumber and building materials.
Year.
Pine: white,
boards, No. 2
barn.
Pine: white,
boards, uppers.
Pine: yellow.
Plate glass:
Plate £(•lass:
polished , 3 to 5 polished, 5 to 10
sq. ft.
sq. ft.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
M feet. price. M feet. price. M feet. price. sq. ft. price. sq. ft. price.
Average,1890-1899.. $17.1104
1890.......................... 16.7917
1891......................... 17.0000
1892......................... 17.1458
1893......................... 18.6250
1894......................... 18.1667
1895......................... 17.2500
1896.......................... -16.5000
1897
15.8333
1898......................... 15.5000
1899......................... 18.2917
1900......................... 21.5000
1901.......................... 20.8750
1902.......................... 23.5000
1903......................... 24.0000
1904.......................... 23. DOOO
1905.......................... 24.7&0
100.0 $46.5542
98.1 44.0833
99.4 45.0000
100.2 46.1417
108.9 48.5000
106.2 46.4167
100.8 46.0000
96.4 46.6250
92.5 46.3333
90.6 46.0833
106.9 50.4583
125.7 57.5000
122.0 60.4167
137.3 74.8333
140.3 80.0000
134.4 81.0000
144.6 82.5833
Poplar.
Year.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891.........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
1895..........................
1896 .........................
1897.................... :. .
1898..........................
1899..........................
1900 .........................
1901..........................
1902.........................
1903.........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
100.0 $18.4646
94.7 20.7500
96.7 19.9583
98.9 18.5000
104.2 18.5000
99.7 18.5000
98.8 16.9167
100.2 16.4167
99.5 16.4375
99.0 18.6250
108.4 20.0417
123.5 20.7083
129.8 19.6667
160.7 21.0000
171.8 21.0000
174.0 21.4167
177.4 24.9167
Putty.
100.0
112.4
108.1
100.2
100.2
100.2
91.6
88.9
89.0
100.9
108.5
112.2
106.5
113.7
113.7
116.0
134.9
Resin: good,
strained.
$0.3630
.5300
.5200
.4200
.4200
.3300
.3000
.3400
.2000
.2700
.3000
.3400
.3200
.2575
.2625
.2275
.2408
100.0
146.0
143.3
115.7
115.7
90.9
82.6
93.7
55.1
74.4
82.6
93.7
88.2
70.9
72.3
62.7
66.3
Shingles:
cypress.
$0.5190
.7000
.6900
.5500
.5500
.4500
.4800
.5400
.3200
.4300
.4800
.5400
.4900
.4113
.4313
.3650
.3729
100.0
134.9
132.9
106.0
106.0
86.7
92.5
104.0
61.7
82.9
92.5
104.0
94.4
79.2
83.1
70.3
71.8
Shingles: white
pine, 18-inch.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
M.
M.
price.
price.
M feet. price. pound. price. barrel. price.
$31.3667
30.5000
30.5000
30.6042
33.6250
31.7500
31.0000
31.0000
30.6667
30.0000
34.0208
37.6875
36.7083
42.1042
49.6458
50.3292
48.2083
100.0
97.2
97.2
97,6
107.2
101.2
98.8
98.8
97.8
95.6
108.5
120.2
117.0
134.2
158.3
160.5
153.7
Spruce.
$0.0158
.0175
.0175
.0161
.0160
.0157
.0145
.0145
.0145
.0145
.0168
.0190
.0150
.0192
.0141
.0110
.0109
100.0
110.8
110.8
101.9
101.3
99.4
91.8
91.8
91.8
91.8
106.3
120.3
94.9
121.5
89.2
69.6
69.0
$1.4399
1.3844
1.4740
1.3417
1.2615
1.2510
1.5615
1.7458
1.6125
1.4208
1.3458
1.6021
1.5302
1.6125
2.2156
2.8333
3.4229
100.0
96.1
102.4
93.2
87.6
86.9
108.4
121.2
112.0
98.7
93.5
111.3
106.3
112.0
153.9
196.8
237.7
Turpentine:
spirits of.
Tar.
Year.
$2.8213
3.3500
3.2500
3.1500
3.0000
2.8000
2.6500
2.5000
2.3500
2.5000
2.6625
2.8500
2.8500
2.6708
2.5667
2.6000
2.7250
100.0
118.7
115.2
111.7
106.3
99.2
93.9
88.6
83.3
88.6
94.4
101.0
101.0
94.7
91.0
92.2
96.6
Window glass:
American, sin
gle, firsts, 6 x 8
to 10 x 15 inch.
$3.7434
3.8417
4.0000
3.9063
3.8500
3.7500
3.7000
3.6125
3.5417
3.5521
3.6792
4.0000
4.1875
a3.5875
« 3 .6500
a 3.5750
a 3.5000
1C0.0
102.6
106.9
104.4
102.8
100.2
98.8
96.5
94.6
94.9
98.3
106.9
111.9
«123.0
«125.1
a 122.5
a 119.9
Window glass:
American, sin
gle, thirds, 6 x 8
to 10 x 15 inch.
Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela
price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive price per tive
M feet. price. barrel. price. gallon. price. 50 sq. ft. price. 50 sq. ft. price.
Average, 1890-1899.
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892 ..........................
1893 .........................
1894..........................
1895..........................
1896.........................
1897 .........................
1898.........................
1899 ..........................
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905.............. t .........
$14.3489
16.2917
14.2183
14.8542
13.7708
12.7083
14.2500
14.2500
14.0000
13.7500
15.3958
17.3750
18.0000
19.2500
19.1875
20.5000
21.4167
100.0
113.5
99.1
103.5
96.0
88.6
99.3
99.3
97.6
95.8
107.3
121.1
125.4
134.2
133.7
142.9
149.3
$1.2048
1.4750
1.5833
1.3000
1.0458
1.0917
1.1417
1.0125
1.0542
1.0979
1.2458
1.3625
1.2817
1.3250
1.6792
1.6792
1.7583
100.0
122.4
131.4
107.9
86.8
90.6
94.8
84.0
87.5
91.1
103.4
113.1
106.4
110.0
139.4
139.4
145.9
$0.3343 100.0
.4080 122.0
.3795 113.5
.3227
96.5
.3002
89.8
.2932
87.7
.2923
87.4
.2743
82.1
.2924
87.5
.3221
96.4
.4581 137.0
.4771 142.7
.3729 111.5
.4740 141.8
.5715 171.0
.5757 172.2
.6276 1187.7
aShingles: Michigan white pine, 16 inches long, X X X X .
see page 358. Average price for 1901, $8.2625.
$2.1514
2.2283
2.2125
1.9935
2.1375
1.9918
1.5988
1.8021
2.1986
2.6432
2.7081
2.6990
4.1282
3.2187
2.6400
2.8867
2.7637
100.0
103.6
102.8
92.7
99.4
92.6
74.3
83.8
102.2
122.9
125.9
125.5
191.9
149.6
122.7
134.2
128.5
$1.8190
1.7858
1.7700
1.5948
1.7100
1.6326
1.3919
1.6000
1.9630
2.3428
2.3986
2.3194
3.2823
2.5649
2.1600
2.3283
2.1365
100.0
98.2
97.3
87.7
94.0
89.8
76.5
88.0
107.9
128.8
131.9
127.5
180.4
141.0
118.7
128.0
117.5
For method of computing relative price,
488
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
I V . — BASE PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1S99), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
T able
Drugs and chemicals.
Year.
Alcohol: grain, 94 Alcohol: wood, re
fined, 95 per cent.
per cent.
Brimstone: crude,
seconds.
Alum: lump.
Average Relative Average Relative Average Relative
Average
per price. price per price. price per
price per Relative
price. price
price.
gallon.
gallon.
ton.
pound.
Average, 1890-1899.
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893 ..........................
1894 ..........................
1895.........................
1896 .........................
1897 .........................
1898..........................
1899 ......................
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1901..........................
1905..........................
82.2405
2.0717
2.2150
2.1417
2.1808
2.1521
2.3292
2.3008
2.2767
2.3250
2.4117
2.3867
2.4583
2.4057
2.3958
2.4325
2.4275
100.0
92.5
98.9
95.6
97.3
96.1
104.0
102.7
' 101.6
103.8
107.6
106.5
109.7
107.4
106.9
108.6
108.3
Glycerin: refined.
Year.
Average, 1890-1899.
1890.........................
1891..........................
1892.........................
1893 .......... ...............
1894.........................
1895.........................
1896..........................
1897 .........................
1898..........................
1899.........................
1900.........................
1901.........................
1902 .........................
1903 .........................
1904............ ............
1905 ..........................
80.9539
1.1375
1.1598
1,2973
1.2917
.7198
.8667
-.8500
.6958
.7500
.7708
.8000
.6125
.6417
.5917
.5875
.6750
100.0
119.2
121.6
136.0
135.4
75.5
90.9
89.1
72.9
78.6
80.8
83.9
64.2
67.3
62.0
61.6
70.8
Muriatic acid: 20°.
80.1399
.1767
.1538
.1396
.1346
.1194
.1204
.1671
.1308
.1238
.1329
.1515
.1504
.1444
.1446
.1396
.1238
100.0
126.3
109.9
99.8
96.2
85.3
86.1
119.4
93.5
88.5
95.0
108.3
107.5
103.2
103.4
99.8
88.5
Sulphuric acid: 66°.
Average,1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893 ..........................
1894.........................
1895 ..........................
1896.........................
1897.........................
1898.........................
1899..........................
1900.........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
100.0
109.0
94.6
95.8
104.2
101.2
95.8
98.2
99.4
98.8
100.6
104.8
104.8
104.8
103.6
104.8
104.8
Opium: natural,
in cases.
820.6958
21.1458
28.6042
24.1458
18.7292
16.5833
15.6250
17.9583
20.1250
22.9167
21.1250
21.1458
22.0000
23.4375
22.3333
21.7750
21.2667
100.0
102.2
138.2
116.7
90.5
80.1
75.5
86.8
97.2
110.7
102.1
102.2
106.3
113.2
107.9
105.2
102.8
Quinine: American.
1
Average
Average Relative Average Relative 1 Average Relative
price per Relative
per price. price per price. price per
price. price
price.
pound.
pound..
pound.
ounce.
80.0104
.0104
.0098
.0121
.0101
.0088
.0083
.0075
.0109
.0128
.0135
.0135
.0150
.0168
.0160
.0160
.0160
100.0
100.0
94.2
116.3
97.1
84.6
79.8
72.1
104.8
123.1
129.8
129.8
144.2
161.5
153.8
153.8
153.8
Drugs, etc.
Year.
80.0167
.0182
.0158
.0160
.0174
.0169
.0160
.0164
.0166
.0165
.0168
.0175
.0175
.0175
.0173
.0175
.0175
82.3602
2.6208
1.9438
1.6708
2.3917
2.2854
1.8413
2.0917
2.3417
3.3417
3.0729
3.2000
3.2292
2.8313
3.0813
2.7500
3.0333
100.0
111.0
82.4
70.8
101.3
96.8
78.0
88.6
99.2
141.6
130.2
135.6
136.8
120.0
130.6
116.5
128.5
80.2460
.3275
.2508
.2183
.2150
.2621
.2508
.2406
.1829
.2146
.2975
.3325
.3025
.2575
.2525
.2333
.2100
100.0
133.1
102.0
88.7
87.4
106.5
102.0
97.8
74.3
87.2
120.9
135.2
123.0
104.7
102.6
94.8
85.4
House furnishing goods.
Earthenware:
plates, creamcolored.
Earthenware:
plates, white
granite.
Earthenware:
teacups and saucers,
white granite.
Average
per
Average Relative Average Relative Average Relative price
gross (6 Relative
price per price. price per price. price per price. dozen
cups
price.
dozen.
dozen.
pound.
and6dozen
saucers).
$0.0089
.0088
.0081
.0095
.0085
.0073
.0070
.0070
.0095
.0113
.0120
.0120
.0125
.0130
.0127
.0129
.0124
100.0
98.9
91.0
106.7
95.5
82.0
78.7
78.7
106.7
127.0
134.8
134.8
140.4
146.1
142.7
144.9
139.3
$0.4136
.4465
.4367
.4230
.4230
.4177
.3913
.3807
.3807
.4153
.4208
.4410
.4655
.4655
.4775
.4705
.4410
100.0
108.0
105.6
102.3
102.3
101.0
94.6
92.0
92.0
100.4
101.7
106.6
112.5
112.5
115.4
113.8
106.6
$0.4479
.4888
.4786
.4644
.4644
.4566
.4162
.3991
.3991
.4515
.4607
.4841
.5096
.5096
.4988
.4943
.4586
100.0
109.1
106.9
103.7
103.7
101.9
92.9
89.1
89.1
100.8
102.9
108.1
113.8
113.8
111.4
110.4
102.4
$3.4292
3.7600
3.6817
3.5720
3.5720
3.5250
3.2374
3.0907
3.0907
3.3595
3.4026
3.5750
3.7632
3.7632
3.6832
3.6503
3.3869
100.0
109.6
107.4
104.2
104.2
102.8
94.4
90.1
90.1
98.0
99.2
104.3
109.7
109.7
107.4
106.4
98.8
00UR8E OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
489
T able IV.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
House furnishing goods.
Year.
Furniture: bed
room sets, ash.
Furniture: chairs,
bedroom, maple.
Furniture: chairs,
kitchen.
Furniture: tables,
kitchen.
Average Relative Average Relative
Average
Average
per price. price per
price per Relative
price per Relative
price.
price. price
price.
dozen.
dozen.
dozen.
set.
Average,1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894 .........................
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897 ..........................
1898..........................
1899 ..........................
1900..........................
1901.........................
1902 .........................
1903 ............ ; ...........
1904..........................
1905..........................
$10.555
12.000
12.000
12.000
11.000
11.000
9.950
8.750
8.750
10.000
10.100
11.250
11.250
11.750
12.167
12.250
12.354
100.0
113.7
113.7
113.7
104.2
104.2
94.3
82.9
82.9
94.7
95.7
106.6
106.6
111.3
115.3
116.1
117.0
Glassware:
pitchers, i-gallon,
common.
Glassware:
nappies, 4-inch.
Year.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893.........................
1894.........................
1895.........................
1896.........................
1897 .........................
1898.........................
1899.........................
1900.........................
1901..... ...................
1902.........................
1903.........................
1904.........................
1905.........................
$6,195
100.0
113.0
7.000
113.0
7.000
6.850
110.6
110.6
6.850
96.9
6.000
6.000
96.9
96.9
6.000
5.000
80.7
5.125
82.7
6.125
98.9
8.000 * 129.1
7.000
113.0
118.4
7.333
127.8
7.917
8.000
129.1
8.000
129.1
$3.8255
4.2000
4.2000
4.2500
4.2500
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.5000
3.3130
4.0420
5.2080
4.7500
4.9167
5.0000
4.7708
4.7500
100.0
109.8
109.8
111.1
111.1
91.5
91.5
91.5
91.5
86.6
105.7
136.1
124.2
128.5
130.7
124.7
124.2
Glassware:
tumblers, i-pint,
common.
$0,112
.120
.120
.120
.120
.120
.120
.100
.100
.100
.100
.100
.140
.140
.140
.140
.140
100.0
107.1
107,1
107.1
107.1
107.1
107.1
89.3
89.3
89.3
89.3
89.3
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
$1,175
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.300
1.300
1.300
1.150
1.050
100.0*
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
110.6
110.6
110.6
97.9
89.4
$0.1775
.1800
.2000
.1900
.1900
.1900
.1850
.1800
.1700
.1600
.1300
.1800
.1800
.1850
.1767
.1600
1500
100.0
101.4
112.7
107.0
107.0
107.0
104.2
101.4
95.8
90.1
73.2
101.4
101.4
104.2
99.5
90.1
84.5
Table cutlery:
knives and forks,
cocobolo handles.
100.0
103.9
103.9
103.9
103.9
98.7
98.7
95.6
95.6
95.6
100.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
Table cutlery: carv
ers, stag handles.
Average
Average
Average
Average
price per
price per Relative
price per Relative
price per Relative
price.
price.
price.
pair.
dozen.
dozen.
dozen.
$0.80
.80
.80
.80
.95
.80
.80
.80
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
.75
Relative
price.
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
118.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
Miscellaneous.
House furnishing goods.
Year.
$14,435
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
14.250
14.250
13.800
13.800
13.800
14.450
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
Wooden ware:
Wooden ware:
pails, oak-grained. tubs, oak-grained.
Cotton-seed meal.
Average
Average
Average
Average
price per Relative
price per Relative
price per Relative
price per Relative
tori
of 2,000 price.
price.
price.
price.
nest of 3.
dozen.
gross.
pounds.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890.........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893.........................
1894.........................
1895.........................
1896.........................
1897 ..........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
1900..........................
1901.........................
1902.........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
$6.0600
7.7500
7.7500
6.8500
5.5000
5.5000
5.5000
5.5000
5.0000
5.5000
5.7500
5.7500
6.5000
6.5000
6.5000
6.6667
6.6876
100.0
127.9
127.9
113.0
90.8
90.8
90.8
90.8
82.5
90.8
94.9
94.9
107.3
107.3
107.3
110.0
110.4
$1.2988
1.5917
1.4500
1.3500
1.3125
1.2583
1.1208
1.2625
1.2417
1.1333
1.2667
1.4917
1.5500
1.5500
1.5875
1.7000
1.7000
100.0
122.6
111.6
103.9
101.1
96.9
86.3
97.2
95.6
87.3
97.5
114.9
119.3
119.3
122.2
130:9
130.9
$1.3471
1.6500
1.5667
1.4000
1.3083
1.2875
1.2500
1.2500
1.2500
1.2500
1.2583
1.4417
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
1.4500
100.0
122.5
116.3
103.9
97.1
95.6
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
93.4
107.0
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
$21.9625
23.3750
25.2083
23.6958
25.7042
22.5583
18.9125
19.9375
20.4375
19.0000
20.7958
25.5458
25.0208
27.1333
26.7083
26.2000
26.3583
100.0
106.4
114.8
107.9
117.0
102.7
86.1
90.8
93.1
86.5
94.7
116.3
113.9
123.5
121.6
119.3
120.0
490
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able IT.—
BASE
PRICES (AVERAGE FOR 1890-1899), AND AVERAGE
YEARLY ACTUAL AND RELATIVE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905—Concluded.
Miscellaneous.
Year.
Cotton-seed oil:
summer yellow,
prime.
Jute: raw.
Malt: western
made.
Paper: news.
Average
Average Relative Average Relative Average
price per Relative
per price. price per price. price per Relative
price. price
price.
gallon.
pound.
bushel.
pound.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890.........................
1891.........................
1892..........................
1893.........................
1894.........................
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897 .........................
1898..........................
1899 .........................
1900.........................
1901.....................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904 .........................
1905..........................
$0.3044
.3446
.3567
.3088
.4550
.3238
.2721
.2513
.2365
.2288
.2663
.3556
.3571
.4067
.3977
.3135
.2696
100.0
113.2
117.2
101.4
149.6
106.4
89.4
82.6
77.7
75.2
87.5
116.8
117.3
133.6
130.7
103.0
88.6
Paper: wrapping,
manila.
Year.
Average, 1890-1899..
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
1895.........................
1896.........................
1897 .........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903 ..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
Average, 1890-1899..
1890.....................; . .
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897..........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
1905..........................
100.0
108.1
103.3
132.3
96.4
96.1
77.7
88.9
103.9
92.5
101.7
121.2
111.4
122.0
129.2
123.7
a 151.0
Proof spirits.
$0.7029
.7500
.9271
.8015
.7750
.7446
.6854
.5629
.5438
.6163
.6221
.6538
.7450
.7925
.7246
.6758
.6150
100.0
106.7
131.9
114.0
110.3
105.9
97.5
80.1
77.4
87.7
88.5
93.0
106.0
112.7 1
103.1
96.1
87.5
Rope: manila,
f-inch.
$0.0299
.0382
.0340
.0340
.0318
.0323
.0308
.0275
.0271
.0219
.0209
.0281
.0226
.0242
.0253
.0267
.0242
100.0
127.8
113.7
113.7
106.4
108.0
103.0
92.0
90.6
73.2
69.9
94.0
75.6
80.9
84.6
89.3
80.9
Rubber: Para
Island.
Average
Average Relative Average Relative Average Relative
price per Relative
per price. price per price. price per
price. price
price.
pound.
gallon.
pound.
pound.
$0.0553
.0575
.0575
.0558
.0579
.0584
.0586
.0588
.0588
.0459
.0438
.0480
.0502
.0497
.0526
.0530
.0525
100.0
104.0
• 104.0
100.9
104.7
105.6
106.0
106.3
106.3
83.0
79.2
86.8
90.8
89.9
95.1
95.8
94.9
Soap: castile, mot
tled, pure.
Year.
$0.0359
.0388
.0371
.0475
.0346
.0345
.0279
.0319
.0373
.0332
.0365
.0435
.0400
.0438
.0464
.0444
a. 0398
$1.1499
1.0533
1.1052
1.0767
1.0713
1.1326
1.2109
1.2031
1.1830
1.2220
1.2421
1.2460
1.2861
1.3138
1.2809
1.2692
1.2616
100.0
91.6
96.1
93.5
93.2
98.5
105.3
104.6
102.9
106.3
108.0
108.4
111.8
114.3
111.4
110.4
109.7
Starch: laundry.
$0.0934
.1494
.1038
.1148
.0919
.0770
.0735
.0664
.0631
.0842
.1094
.1320
.1092
.1348
6.1146
6.1171
6.1195
100.0
160.0
111.1
122.9
98.4
82.4
78.7
71.1
67.6
90.1
117.1
141.3
116.9
144.3
6122.7
6125.4
6127.9
Tobacco: plug,
Horseshoe.
$0.8007
.8379
.7908
.6763
.7167
.6744
.7425
.8000
.8454
.9271
.9954
.9817
.8496
.7273
.9054
1.0875
1.2425
Tobacco: smoking,
gran., Seal of N.C.
Average
Average Relative Average Relative Average
per price. price per price. price per
price per Relative
price.. price
pound.
pound.
pound.
pound.
$0.0569
.0594
.0621
.0624
.0615
.0588
.0507
.0502
.0531
.0550
.0558
.0613
. 0655
.0663
.0658
.0647
.0650
100.0
104.4
109.1
109.7
108.1
103.3
89.1
88.2
93.3
96.7
98.1
107.7
115.1
116.5
115.6
113.7
114.2
$0.0348
.0371
.0426
.0373
.0366
.0366
.0363
.0810
.0300
.0300
.0300
.0340
.0363
.0464
.0431
.0369
.0329
« Jute: raw, M-double triangle, shipments.
Average price for 1904, $0.0326.
6^ -in ch .
100.0
106.6
122.4
107.2
105.2
105.2
104.3
89.1
86.2
86.2
86.2
97.7
104.3
130.5
123.9
106.0
94.5
$0.3962
.4050
.4008
.3725
.3967
.4000
.4000
.3808
.3758
.4133
.4175
.4433
.4658
.4542
.4500
.4700
.4900
100.0
102.2
101.2
94.0
100.1
101.0
101.0
96.1
94.9
104.3
105.4
111.9
117.6
114.6
113.6
118.6
123.7
100.0
104.6
98.8
84.5
89.5
84.2
92.7
99.9
105.6
115.8
124.3
122.6
106.1
90.8
113.1
135.8
155.2
$0.5090
.5000
.5000
.5000
.5000
.5000
.5000
.5000
.5000
.5300
.5600
.5600
.5600
.5592
.5700
.5825
.6000
Relative
price.
100.0
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
104.1
110.0
110.0
110.0
109.9
112.0
114.4
117.9
For method of computing relative price, see page 858,
491
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T a b l e V . — R E L A T IV E PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905.
[For explanation and discussion of this table, see pages 366 to 387. Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Farm products.
Grain.
i
Year. Cotton:
upland,
mid
dling.
142.9
..
110.8
..
99.0
..
107.2
..
90.2
..
94.0
..
102.0
..
92.2
..
76.9
..
84.7
..
123.8
..
111.1
..
..
115.1
144.7
..
155.9
..
123.1
..
1890..
1891..
1892..
1893..
1894..
1895..
1896..
1897..
1898..
1899..
1900..
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
1905..
Flax
seed:
No. 1.
Barley: Corn:
No. 2,
by
sample. cash.
Oats:
cash.
103.8
151.0
118.3
104.2
113.7
104.0
67.8
66.9
82.6
87.6
100.2
130.6
156.9
121.1
132.6
131.7
115.6
144.1
113.2
105.2
115.7
88.3
67.0
67.9
91.9
91.2
84.5
118.3
147.3
131.7
135.8
111.2
125.5
97.1
91.4
97.7
121.6
111.8
72.9
78.1
99.8
104.0
145.7
145.8
135.0
94.1
99.6
107.6
111.6
134.5
112.2
103.3
113.2
94.8
65.7
71.2
95.9
97.6
106.2
129.8
139.4
121.2
116.9
107.0
Rye: Wheat: Aver
No. 2, contract
age.
cash. grades,
cash.
103.0
157.6
127.7
92.6
88.1
91.2
66.5
74.9
93.8
104.4
97.9
100.8
102.5
97.5
133.4
134.5
118.9
128.1
104.9
90.1
74.4
79.9
85.4
105.8
117.8
94.7
93.7
95.7
98.7
105.1
138.3
134.5
110.6
143.0
115.3
99.1
101.0
91.6
70.5
77.3
96.4
95.1
96.5
115.0
129.0
115.3
131.4
123.8
Hides:
green,
Hops:
Hay: salted,
New
timo packers,
York
thy,
State,
No. 1. heavy
native choice.
steers.
95.8
117.8
113.5
107.4
99.9
109.1
99.0
80.9
79.9
96.6
110.9
123.0
120.9
119.2
112.5
107.9
99.6
101.5
92.8
79.9
68.4
109.7
86.6
106.3
122.8
131.8
127.4
132.0
142.8
124.8
124.4
152.6
148.0
149.1
141.4
128.2
85.5
53.1
49.5
65.5
91.5
88.3
83.7
97.1
134.1
159.5
196.2
150.9
Live stock.
Sheep.
Hogs.
Cattle.
Year.
Steers, Steers,
choice good to
to extra., choice.
..91.5
110.6
..
..95.7
103.8
..
..97.0
103.1
..
..86.4
..98.2
101.1
..
112.6
..
108.7
..
115.1
..
140.4
..
104.7
..
112.0
..
112.2
..
1890..
1891..
1892..
1893..
1894..
1895..
1896..
1897..
1898..
1899..
1900..
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
1905..
87.4
107.7
95.0
102.2
95.6
104.2
90.2
100.8
103.2
113.7
113.9
118.1
138.5
106.9
109.7
110.2
Aver Heavy., Light.
age.
89.5
109.2
95.4
103.0
96.3
103.7
88.3
99.5
102.2.
113.2
111.3
116.6
139.5
105.8
110.9
111.2
89.6
100.2
116.8
148.4
112.7
97.0
76.1
81.4
86.2
91.5
115.2
135.0
158.0
137.3
116.8
119.9
88.8
98.2
114.6
148.7
111.6
96.2
80.5
84.2
85.0
92.1
115.7
133.9
152.4
137.0
116.5
120.4
Aver
age.
Native.
West
ern.
Aver
age.
89.2
99.2
115.7
148.6
112.2
96.6
78.3
82.8
85.6
91.8
115.5
134.5
155.2
137.2
116.7
120.2
120.5
120.0
127.2
103.2
71.7
78.5
78.0
93.1
104.4
103.3
109.7
89.2
100.6
98.7
110.3
134.5
118.0
115.6
123.2
104.3
75.4
78.3
79.4
95.3
105.3
105.2
114.3
94.7
105.7
98.0
107.8
128.5
119.3
117.8
125.2
103.8
73.6
78.4
78.7
94.2
104.9
104.3
112.0
92.0
103.2
98.4
109.1
131.5
Aver
age.
99.3
108.7
112.1
118.4
94.0
92.9
81.8
92.2
97.5
103.1
112.9
114.3
132.6
113.8
112.2
121.0
Aver
age,
farm
prod
ucts.
110.0
121.5
111.7
107.9
95.9
93.3
78.3
•85.2
96.1
100.0
109.5
116.9
130.5
118.8
126.2
124.2
Food, etc.
Bread.
1
Year.
Beans:
medium,
choice.
Boston.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
121.5
134.9
112.0
119.2
110.6
107.2
70.3
62.6
74.7
87.0
125.6
131.3
115.0
136.5
120.4
128.8
104.0
104.0
102.2
96.6
96.6
97.2
96.6
88.0
108.9
105.9
111.4
118.9
118.9
112.6
115.2
132.5
Crackers.
Loaf.
Soda.
Average.
Washing Home
(N. Vienna
(N. Y.
Average.
Average. ton mar made
Y.
mar
market).
ket.
ket).
111.4
111.4
106.3
104.5
101.0
94.0
91.6
82.5
105.6
92.3
94.0
97.5
97.5
90.0
91.6
95.1
107.7
107.7
104.3
100.6
98.8
95.6
94.1
85.3
107.3
99.1
102.7
108.2
108.2
101.3
103.4
113.8
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
94.1
102.5
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
102.5
100.6
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
90.5
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
110.4
118.6
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
90.6
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
101.1
105.1
113.6
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
98.7
94.5
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
100.9
106.0
110.9
103.6
103.6
102.2
100.7
100.0
97.5
94.4
94.6
103.4
100.2
101.6
103.8
103.8
101.0
105.0
112.1
492
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able V . — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price lor 1890-1899=100.]
Food, etc.
Butter.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Cream Cream
ery,
ery,
Elgin extra
(Elgin (New
York
mar
mar
ket).
ket).
103.1
115.3
116.5
118.9
101.1
95.1
82.6
84.7
86.9
95.6
100.4
97.4
111.2
106.1
100.4
111.9
Fish.
Cheese:
Eggs:
New
newDairy,
York Coffee: laid, Cod, Her
Rio lancy,
New Aver State, No.
ring,
7. near bank, shore,
York
full
age.
cream.
State.
by.
large. round.
96.5
117.6
116.1
124.6
103.3
93.0
82.3
83.2
86.4
97.1
104.5
99.2
114.5
106.2
97.3
115.6
101.5
115.3
116.5
120.5
102.1
95.3
82.1
84.5
87.2
94.8
100.1
96.5
110.6
104.7
97.6
111.0
100.4
116.1
116.4
121.3
102.2
94.5
82.3
84.1
86.8
95.8
101.7
97.7
112.1
105.7
98.4
112.8
97.1
102.4
107.2
109.0
107.4
94.1
92.0
98.1
83.3
108.9
114.3
102.4
114.1
123.3
103.2
122.8
136.6
127.3
108.9
131.2
126.0
121.2
93.9
60.4
48.2
46.0
62.6
49.2
44.6
42.6
59.6
63.4
99.1
110.0
110.4
114.5
93.5
102.0
88.7
87.5
92.6
101.6
100.7
106.7
122.7
123.2
135.0
138.2
101.7
120.5
126.3
114.2
106.7
98.9
75.4
80.9
83.6
92.0
94.9
107.2
91.2
105.0
130.4
132.4
93.3
124.6
77.8
101.0
89.9
83.6
88.8
96.3
111.4
133.2
134.6
131.9
129.9
151.7
144.4
158.9
Mack
erel, Salmon, Aver
salt,
large canned. age.
No. 3s.
129.2
108.4
92.0
92.0
78.2
110.6
98.5
86.5
96.7
107.9
98.3
76.6
97.3
123.5
102.6
98.5
Flour.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899---1900---1901---1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
104.0
125.7
92.1
121.9
125.4
86.2
71.1
75.4
79.8
118.4
108.3
108.4
115.1
119.5
120.1
112.7
Rye.
Spring
patents.
101.4
148.3
121.1
93.0
83.8
94.5
80.9
84.6
92.9
99.4
103.3
100.1
103.9
94.9
131.1
134.7
Apples.
Winter
straights. Average.
Average.
120.9
125.6
104.2
89.3
77.6
84.4
91.2
110.1
109.0
87.9
88.3
87.4
89.7
97.1
125.4
122.2
111.8
131.3
105.4
98.4
91.1
87.4
83.6
95.4
97.7
98.4
97.0
95.8
99.6
102.2
125.5
122.9
120.7
123.5
101.1
93.2
83.7
84.8
88.3
106.8
110.1
87.8
89.4
88.7
88.6
100.8
125.2
126.2
121.0
127.6
107.2
85.4
71.5
84.0
94.1
113.4
107.8
88.0
87.1
86.0
90.7
93.4
125.5
118.1
Glu
Raisins,
Year. Currants, Prunes, California,
cose, (a)
Average.
London
in barrels. California,
in boxes.
layer.
127.5
113.6
79.2
72.0
46.1
67.7
87.2
127.7
154.7
125.3
192.0
221.6
131.7
126.9
130.1
130.7
m o
129.2
128.6
134.2
95.0
86.0
75.1
70.5
70.3
73.0
67.4
67.8
71.2
62.1
69.6
59.3
Evap
orated, Sun-dried. Average.
choice.
134.1
129.9
81.2
109.4
128.9
80.0
62.9
65.5
105.1
102.6
72.6
83.7
108.7
72.1
71.2
82.5
1
Fruit.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
157.3
120.1
97.9
113.3
76.9
95.2
67.9
93.2
92.7
85.5
101.3
96.1
112.3
96.3
98.2
79.1
108.9
113.8
99.2
102.2
92.9
98.8
92.0
88.6
94.4
109.2
112.0
108.0
107.0
122.6
123.6
126.4
Fruit.
Wheat.
Buck
wheat.
111.4
101.8
100.7
101.4
96.7
102.1
105.2
90.8
86.0
103.8
120.2
116.3
109.6
110.0
117.1
115.7
138.2
130.6
93.8
105.5
93.9
84.5
70.7
81.7
100.0
101.0
103.9
109.8
104.5
88.3
96.0
83.8
o Average lor 1893-1899=100.
134.1
145.1
81.7
104.0
125.7
86.7
61.8
58.7
91.2
110.5
79.3
81.7
103.6
78.0
68.0
75.1
Meal: corn.
Lard:
prime
contract.
124.3
111.4
109.2
81.7
86.0
91.8
95.6
104.9
116.0
153.6
129.7
126.3
125.1
134.0
160.2
82.1
98.6
122.5
93.4
60.6
51.8
77.3
118.4
86.0
79.6
98.4
83.9
64.7
67.6
96.8
100.9
117.9
157.5
118.2
99.8
71.7
67.4
84.4
85.0
105.5
136.3
161.9
134.1
111.8
113.9
Fine
white.
101.2
140.6
113.7
105.0
106.7
102.2
77.5
77.8
84.1
91.1
96.5
114.2
146.4
123.7
127.8
126.4
Fine
yellow.
Average.
100.3
143.4
114.2
106.5
104.5
104.4
77.2
75.1
83.2
91.2
97.4
116.8
150.0
125.7
131.1
130.3
100.8
142.0
114.0
105.8
105.6
103.3
77.4
76.5
83.7
91.2
97.0
115.5
148.2
124.7
129.5
128.4
493
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able V ___RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Food, etc.
Meat.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1906....
Fresh,
native
sides.
Salt,
extra
mess.
Salt,
hams,
west
ern.
89.2
106.2
98.8
105.4
97.0
102.7
90.5
99.7
101.3
108.3
104.3
102.1
125.9
101.7
106.1
104.0
86.8
104.4
84.8
102.2
101.0
101.4
93.7
95.7
114.2
115.9
121.7
116.3
147.1
113.1
109.4
125.0
80.4
85.8
80.5
98.6
101.5
95.9
88.1
125.1
118.8
125.6
114.2
112.6
118.0
117.2
123.5
121.6
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Aver
age.
85.5
98.8
88.0
102.1
99.8
100.0
90.8
106.8
111.4
116.6
113.4
110.3
130.3
110.7
113.0
116.9
Molas
ses: New Rice:
Milk: Orleans, domes
fresh.
Ameriopen
tic,
can.
kettle, choice.
prime.
103.1
104.7
105.1
109.4
103.1
99.2
91.8
92.2
93.7
99.2
307.5
102.7
112.9
112.9
107.8
113.3
112.4
88.5
101.2
106.2
98.1
97.8
103.0
83.1
97.8
111.9
151.5
120.1
115.5
112.5
107.8
102.5
^
Year.
Pork.
Beef.
112.5
111.7
107.5
99. (5
102.1
99.6
88.4
93.9
94.4
90.4
142.1
121.6
90.3
87.2
109.4
107.2
107.8
113.5
101.4
81.8
93.8
95.0
92.5
§6.6
108.4
108.2
97.7
97.7
99.6
100.9
78.6
74.3
Bacon, Bacon,
Salt,
short
Hams, mess,
rib smoked.
clear short
old
to
sides.
new.
sides.
Aver
age.
104.4
97.2
99.1
157.6
121.4
101.7
76.8
76.6
84.8
80.3
107.5
134.2
154.2
143.1
120.6
123.9
96.0
101.1
110.4
148.5
112.1
97.6
79.7
81.8
86.4
86.4
108.7
127.0
149.0
139.4
114.9
117.0
89.3
103.6
116.6
155.3
111.3
96.3
73.2
80.1
88.3
86.4
111.4
132.0
159.0
142.1
114.8
118.5
89.3
103.8
116.5
154.0
112.2
96.3
73.0
79.6
90.5
85.1
111.6
132.5
159.5
143.0
115.4
119.4
Salt.
Ash
ton’s.
Aver
age.
111.9
108.1
107.8
105.5
101.6
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
99.0
101.0
102.0
(«)
(«
112.2
109.9
107.7
102.6
101.9
96.3
90.7
93.5
93.7
91.7
117.6
110.3
95.7
94.6
109.4
107.2
141.1
101.1
85.7
95.1
83.5
84.1
93.7
92.1
109.5
114.3
118.2
104.4
91.5
96.1
102.7
110.6
130.5
99.7
92.1
102.3
87.0
87.9
95.9
95.1
105.2
104.2
112.8
106.8
94.2
98.2
101.0
111.2
138.5
100.9
87.4
97.2
83.9
85.7
94.5
92.6
108.0
111.3
116.7
104.9
91.7
96.4
101.9
110.2
a
5929— No. 63—06----- 11
Soda:
bicar
bonate
of,
Ameri
can.
131.6
151.7
104.3
136.4
128.2
84.7
72.7
71.8
61.7
56.0
58.9
51.2
51.7
61.7
62.2
62.2
105.7
111.0
106.4
125.1
110.3
99.8
78.9
76.3
81.8
104.1
111.5
119.1
144.6
117.2
105.5
103.2
96.3
99.2
106.0
101.7
98.0
95.1
91.0
98.6
104.2
109.8
104.9
100.4
106.2
80.9
97.1
94.2
Onions.
127.8
121.3
106.0
93.8
95.6
91.6
57.3
115.5
96.2
94.8
71.4
103.0
107.2
104.9
104.6
95.3
Quotations discontinued.
123.7
114.9
121.2
106.5
80.2
82.2
82.9
96.6
98.0
94.3
96.4
89.5
97.9
98.7
103.2
113.9
95.5
102.0
103.4
125.8
103.5
96.6
84.3
93.0
97.2
98.7
108.9
116.1
135.6
123.5
112.7
116.6
Spices.
Nut
megs.
Pepper,
Singa
pore.
Aver
age.
146.2
140.7
123.1
106.1
92.5
91.8
83.1
77.6
72.7
66.4
60.2
54.3
46.9
66.6
50.3
39.8
153.7
116.6
92.0
79.4
68.9
66.4
66.8
88.7
119:0
149.1
172.4
172.5
167.6
172.1
164.1
162.5
150.0
128.7
107.6
92.8
80.7
79.1
75.0
83.2
95.9
107.8
116.3
113.4
107.3
119.4
107.2
101.2
Vegetables, fresh.
Sugar.
Tea:
For
89° fair 96° cen Granu Aver Tallow. mosa,
refin trifu lated.
age.
fine.
ing.
gal.
143.9
101.8
84.5
94.3
81.2
85.2
93.9
90.6
109.2
115.4
119.2
103.6
89.3
95.0
102.1
108.8
101.1
99.8
109.3
126.9
103.6
96.2
95.8
90.9
82.0
93.8
104.2
109.2
123.1
129.2
108.9
106.3
Mutton, Aver
dressed. age.
Pota
toes,
Bur
bank.
119.3
154.9
91.1
134.5
122.8
86.7
39.4
65.7
102.1
83.6
74.9
113.0
119.4
105.2
146.3
80.7
Aver
age.
123.6
138.1
98.6
114.2
109.2
89.2
48.4
90.6
99.2
89.2
73.2
108.0
113.3
105.1
125.6
88.0
Vine
gar:
cider,
Mon
arch.
105.4
121.8
111.1
101.5
101.5
98.1
88.0
88.0
89.6
94.7
91.3
89.6
95.3
88.0
89.6
98.6
Starch:
pure
com .
99.6
109.5
109.5
109.5
103.5
101.1
93.6
91.2
91.2
91.2
91.2
85.8
80.3
92.5
95.8
100.7
Aver
age,
food,
etc.
112.4
115.7
103.6
110.2
99.8
94.6
83.8
87.7
94.4
98.3
104.2
105.9
111.3
107.1
107.2
J08.7
494
T a b le
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
V.— R E L A T IV E PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 T 9 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Cloths and clothing.
Blankets.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Bags:
2-bu.,
Amoskeag.
11-4,
all
wool.
113.9
111.7
110.8
106.8
91.1
82.2
91.6
92. Q
95.6
103.4
112.6
101.0
102.4
104.2
128.4
109.6
108.3
106.0
107.1
107.1
101.2
89.3
89.3
89.3
107.1
95.2
107.1
101.2
101.2
110.1
110.1
119.0
Broad
cloths:
first
quality,
black,
54-inch,
XXX
wool.
113.7
113.7
113.7
113.7
91,2
79.7
79.7
98.2
98.2
98.2
108.0
110.3
110 3
110.3
110 5
115.2
Boots and shoes.
11-4,
cotton
11-4,
warp,
cotton
cotton
warp,
and
all wool
filling.
wool
filling.
Aver
age.
108.5
108.5
101.4
99.1
96.7
94.3
94.3
99.1
99.1
99.1
123.8
112.0
112.0
117.9
123.8
141.5
107.6
106.8
104.3
103.5
95.9
90.6
91.7
98.1
102.7
98.8
117.7
106.4
106.4
114.1
117.4
129.0
106.0
106.0
104.4
104.4
89.7
88.1
91.4
106.0
102.0
102.0
122.3
106.0
106.0
114.2
118.3
126.4
Men’s
Men’s
Men’s calf bal. Men’s vici kid Wom
en’s
broshoes,
split
shoes,
solid
gans,
Good boots, Good
grain
split.
year
etc.
year
shoes.
welt.
welt.
106.1
106.1
104.9
102.3
97.9
99.2
100.4
96.0
92.2
94.8
94.8
95.4
94.1
93.5
93.5
101.5
104.0
104.0
104.0
100.9
97.9
91.7
94.8
97.9
100.9
104.0
110.1
112.4
111.1
113.1
113.7
120.5
Carpets.
Calico:
Cocheco
prints.
117.5
104.0
117.5
113.0
99.5
94.9
94.9
90.4
81.4
87.3
94.9
90.4
90.4
91.1
95.7
93.5
Brussels,
5-frame,
Bigelow.
Ingrain,
2-ply,
Lowell.
103.1
112.7
103.1
98.3
93.5
93.5
93.5
95.9
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.5
108.7
110.3
115.1
108.6
116.2
106.1
111.1
98.5
88.4
85.9
90.9
98.5
96.0
103.5
101.0
101.9
108.1
109.1
116.2
111.3
111.6
117.2
112.4
94.7
91.9
92.2
90.3
90.5
87.6
115.0
98.6
95.6
116.2
123.2
107.8
112.1
114.0
116.8
108.6
91.2
92.2
93.7
90.8
91.0
89.4
115.9
97.9
92.4
109.5
115.7
103.5
111.7
112.8
117.0
110.5
93.0
92.1
93.0
90.6
90.8
88.5
115.5
98.3
94.0
112.9
119.5
105.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
108.7
97.8
97.8
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.0
87.3
95.5
104.0
97.9
94.8
91.7
91.7
104.0
104.0
104.0
104.0
104.0
110.6
104.5
105.5
108.6
112.3
119.5
104.8
103.5
102.7
100.9
99.4
98.7
99.6
97.2
96.3
96.8
99.4
99.2
98.9
100.2
101.1
107.4
Cotton flannels.
2$ yards
Wilton,
5-frame, Average. to the
pound.
Bigelow.
104.2
109.4
104.2
104.2
104.2
91.1
91.1
93.8
99.0
99.0
101.6
101.6
102.2
108.9
110.7
115.9
Cotton yarns.
Cotton
thread:
Carded,
Carded,
6-cord,
Denims:
white,
white,
200-yard
AmosmulemuleAverage.
keag.
spools,
spun,
spun,
J.& P .
northern, northern,
Coats. cones,
10/1. cones, 22/1.
101.6
100.7
100.7
100.7
100.7
100.7
99.6
98.4
98.4
98.4
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
120.1
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
101.0
97.6
94.3
94.3
96.8
96.8
98.9
98.9
100.0
Aver
age.
112.5
109.6
109.6
112.5
105.4
94.6
94.6
89.2
85.9
85.8
102.8
100.2
100.6
108.0
116.6
103.7
105.3
112.8
104.5
104.5
98.7
91.0
90.2
93.5
100.2
99.4
102.7
101.9
102.5
108.6
110.0
115.7
123.9
123.9
118.7
102.7
95.6
92.1
92.1
81.4
81.4
87.7
104.5
90.7
92.1
104.1
125.4
121.0
3£ yards
to the Average.
pound.
119.7
119.7
113.0
100.0
95.7
91.3
95.7
95.7
80.5
88.3
98.6
100.0
100.0
109.4
125.7
118.4
121.8
121.8
115.9
101.4
95.7
91.7
93.9
88.6
81.0
88.0
101.6
95.4
96.1
106.8
125.6
119.7
Drillings.
Brown,
Pepperell.
119.4
114.0
101.7
103.1
97.7
92.5
100.2
91.8
89.7
89.2
105.9
102.3
100.5
108.2
127.1
126.0
Flannels:
white,
4-4, Bal
30-inch, Average.
lard
Stark A.
Vale
No. 3.
122.8
115.2
102. 7*
108.1
96.4
93.9
100.2
88.9
83.9
87.7
104.0
102.1
103.5
111.5
126.3
l rt1.5
121.1
114.6
102.2
105.6
97.1
93.2
100.2
90.4
86.8
88.5
105.0
102.2
102.0
109.9
126.7
123.8
116.8
116.8
115.9
109.5
94.1
81.7
85.4
82.6
97.8
99.5
108.7
100.8
105.8
114.3
117.6
118.4
495
OOUR8E OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able V — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Cloths and clothing.
Hosiery.
Horse
blan
Women’s
kets: 6 Men’s cotton Men’s cotton
Women’s
combed
cotton hose, Aver
half hose,
Amos- Lan Aver pounds
Egyptian
half hose,
each,
seamless,
seamless,
cotton hose, fast black,
seamless,
keag. caster. age.
age.
all
fast black,
spliced 26 to 28 oz.
wool.
20 to 22 oz. 84 needles. high
heel, (a)
Ginghams.
Year.
1890.... 117.3
1891.... 122.0
1892.... 122.0
1893.... 118.4
1894.... 91.0
1895.... 87.4
1896.... 88.6
1897.... 82.2
1898.... 80.9
1899.... 89.5
1900.... 96.6
1901.... 91.9
1902.... 98.1
1903.... 103.2
1904.... 102.8
1905.... 96.6
120.8 119.1
122.2 122.1
122.2 122.1
111.3
88.0
86.6
87.3
86.2
85.2
89.9
96.0
92.7
100.3
100.3
97.0
90.2
109.1
104.7
109.1
104.7
96.0
92.5
90.8
99.6
99.5
94.2
118.7
109.9
109.9
117.8
114.9
89.5
87.0
88.0
84.2
83.1
89.7
96.3
92.3
99.2
101.8
133.3
123.1
112.8
110.3
102.6
94.9
87.2
82.1
76.9
76.9
82.1
71.8
76.9
82.1
82.1
82.1
122.2
99.9
93.4
130.9
124.3
124.3
123.6
111.5
92.4
89.2
89.2
82.9
82.9
79.7
82.9
92.4
85.0
90.0
95.9
89.2
Harness, oak.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Sole, hem
lock.
99.3
99.6
91.4
92.7
87.8
111.5
98.6
93.9
109.1
116.0
116.8
114.7
114.7
114.3
Sole, oak.
102.7
102.7
101.4
101.4
100.0
97.3
94.6
102.7
108.1
100.0
116.9
116.5
118.1
110.0
115.0
86.8
101.4
97.3
94.6
Wax calf,
30 to 40 lbs. Aver
to the dozen, age.
B grade.
91.7
98.8
105.9
98.5
92.3
109.4
101.7
103.6
97.5
101.7
87.0
91.6
95.5
99.9
107.3
104.8
113.0
111.3
122.1
117.4
109.4
81.6
84.2
122.8
100.8
94.4
90.5
86.7
83.4
82.5
87.3
85.9
85.2
90.1
89.2
87.5
Linen thread.
112.1
99.1
95.8
89.1
92.6
88.4
106.9
97.0
104.8
109.8
116.2
128.4
127.6
129.7
115.8
113.2
105.3
92.1
84.2
81.6
76.3
78.9
81.6
71.1
78.9
121.1
Leather.
Year.
131.6
112.0
98.3
94.1
103.3
105.0
100.3
96.0
100.9
105.4
105.0
106.5
102.6
108.9
3-cord,
Shoe,
-yard
10s, Bar 200
spools,
bour.
Barbour.
100.6
100.9
97.0
96.9
91.5
108.0
95.2
96.1
104.4
109.3
113.2
110.8
112.0
108.5
112.1
112.7
101.9
101.9
101.9
102.8
105.0
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
101.5
101.9
101.9
96.7
97.2
97.2
Aver
age.
104.6
93.2
94.1
97.5
99.9
99.9
99.9
103.3
97.6
98.0
104.6
104.6
104.6
104.6
104.6
98.2
103.7
103.7
101.0
101.0
101.8
100.2
102.5
98.6
98.6
99.6
103.1
103.3
103.3
97.5
100.5
100.5
Overcoatings.
Beaver, Chinchilla, Chinchilla,
Kersey,
Covert
Year. Moscow,
all B-rough,
cotton
cloth, light standard,
wool,
warp, C. C.
weight,
27 to 28
all
wool.
black.
oz. ( b)
grade.
staple.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
116.7
116.7
116.7
111.7
95.5
84.9
84.9
84.9
89.4
98.7
120.1
106.1
106.1
117.3
111.7
117.3
a
113.4
113.4
113.4
108.5
92.8
87.7
87.7
87.7
97.7
97.7
116.7
97.7
97.7
103.1
103.1
111.8
109.1
107.7
109.1
109.9
96.9
92.3
89.2
93.7
98.3
93.9
100.2
90.8
92.3
92.8
93.3
94.0
Average for 1898-1899=100.
105.7
105.7
105.7
105.7
104.2
99.9
87.4
83.6
97.2
104.9
101.4
97.2
97.2
94.0
94.0
96.9
Aver
age.
111.2
110.9
111.2
94.9
104.2
100.9
126.3
120.3
120.3
126.3
132.3
146.8
109.0
97.4
91.2
87.3
89.0
97.4
99.2
112.9
102.4
102.7
106.7
106.9
113.4
Print
cloths:
28-inch,
64 x 64.
Shawls:
standard, all
wool, 72 x
144 in., 42-oz.
117.7
103.5
119.3
114.6
96.8
100.9
90.9
87.6
72.6
96.3
108.6
99.3
108.9
113.3
117.3
110.0
l>Average for 1897-1899=100.
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
89.1
89.5
90.2
89.1
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
107.0
117.5
496
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able V.—
RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Cloths and clothing.
Sheetings.
Bleached.
Year.
10-4, At 10-4,
lantic. PeeP, P '
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
122.1
116.4
108.7
111.8
94.8
93.8
92.6
87.4
83.2
89.4
111.3
100.9
104.4
115.7
128.3
110.2
Brown.
10-4,
Wamsutta
S. T.
116.2
106.6
106.0
107.2
99.8
103.6
93.5
92.2
99.2
99.2
99.2
100.8
103.3
92.5
94.7
95.1
92.3
91.3
107.3
121.7
112.4
111.5
100.1
104.3
99.2
99.2
103.0
94.1
91.6
120.8
128.7
120.3
Aver
age.
4-4, At
lantic A.
114.8
121.0
110.1
4-4, In 4-4, Pep- 4-4, Stark
Aver
dian
A. A.
age.
Head. perell R.
118.1
106.7
111.9
99.3
94.0
96.7
103.1
106.2
93.6
93.6
95.6
93.0
91.2
98.9
112.4
104.2
105.0
113.2
117.0
107.4
88.6
80.1
84.3
100.4
98.0
99.3
115.0
129.8
115.6
115.8
116.1
103.5
108.5
95.5
93.5
99.4
93.9
86.3
86.9
99.5
100.8
99.8
108.8
128.1
121.1
116.2
108.3
103.3
105.8
96.4
96.0
101.3
95.3
125.7
113.1
103.8
109.3
99.2
97.7
97.3
91.5
107.4
107.4
103.3
108.7
121.4
116.9
80.8
85.9
96.8
94.1
692.6
a 101.9
«117.0
a 118.6
86.2
86.1
Shirtings: bleached.
116.1
109.8
111.0
114.3
99.9
96.2
95.6
88.0
80.2
88.5
103.4
103.0
103.8
105.4
110.2
102.7
115.2
111.6
105.2
113.2
98.4
96.5
98.4
91.1
82.2
87.5
106.5
111.0
107.3
107.1
111.9
105.2
116.2
113.1
111.7
114.4
100.0
95.9
94.2
87.1
81.8
86.1
100.6
101.5
101.9
103.9
109.5
101.7
110.5
110.2
106.3
105.6
101.0
97.1
101.0
95.4
89.5
82.8
89.7
86.8
87.4
97.0
94.7
96.8
101.0
100.1
98.8
108.6
124.1
118.1
117.6
112.3
103.8
107.7
95.9
94.6
97.4
91.8
86.7
92.2
105.9
101.8
101.4
110.6
121.1
113.5
Silk: raw.
WamYear. 4-4, Fruit
New 4-4,
Lons 4-4,
sutta
of the 4-4, Hope. 4-4,
York
Average. Italian,
dale.
<
o>
classical.
Loom.
Mills.
X X.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
119.7
113.9
104.3
108.9
97.6
95.3
98.7
91.0
83.4
87.2
Aver
age.
106.6
106.4
102.6
103.5
100.2
102.2
100.3
98.6
85.1
94.1
101.8
92.3
93.4
102.7
97.2
99.4
112.9
110.2
110.2
107.4
99.9
97.6
97.9
92.0
83.8
87.8
100.4
98.9
98.8
103.2
104.7
101.2
Japan,
filatures. • Average.
122.7
98.4
105.3
118.2
86.5
94.9
85.3
85.6
91.1
112.1
106.0
90.4
96.5
106.3
90.8
96.5
130.5
99.8
107.7
113.0
83.7
94.2
84.8
90.5
109.7
103.7
87.4
95.1
102.9
90.6
99.3
126.6
99.1
106.5
115.6
85.1
94.6
85.1
85.9
90.8
110.9
104.9
88.9
95.8
104.6
90.7
97.9
Aver
age.
Tickings:
Amoskeag
A. C. A.
86.2
Suitings.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896...
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1906....
Clay
worsted
diagonal,
12-oz.,
Wash.
Mills, ( b )
Clay
worsted
diagonal,
16-oz.,
Wash.
Mills. ( 6)
92.5
89.1
92.2
111.3
114.9
131.4
93.8
87.6
93.3
111.4
113.9
133.7
110.9
116.2
108.6
132.7
109.6
129.3
110.6
112.2
111.0
112.1
Indigo blue,
all wool,
54-inch, 14ounce,
Middlesex.
Indigo
blue, all
wool, 16ounce.
116.9
116.9
116.9
114.0
109.2
109.2
109.2
109.2
92.3
83.0
89.9
87.4
103.2
107.2
118.4
109.2
109.2
111.1
87.1
86.0
79.1
86.0
86.0
86.0
89.6
99.2
108.8
109.1
115.6
112.6
114.1
119.0
Serge,
Washing Trouserings,
fancy
ton Mills worsted.
(<?)
6700. ( o )
120.9
120.9
90.7
90.7
81.6
87.7
99.8
107.7
107.6
106.6
105.1
100.4
102.9
128.1
a Sheetings: brown, 4-4, Massachusetts Mills, Flying Horse brand.
tive price, see page 358.
*>Average for 1895-1899=100.
106.6
106.6
98 9
87^9
92.3
92.3
108.9
106.6
117.6
102.2
101.8
104.6
106.2
111.6
113.1
113.1
113.4
112.7
98^3
89.’ 2
87.8
88.7
103.4
106.1
115.8
104.9
105.8
109.0
109.0
122.7
113.1
110.7
108.4
HI* 3
102! 2
94! 8
96.0
91.9
84.3
87.0
102.2
95.5
99.0
104.1
114.3
102.1
For method, o f computing rela*
« Average for 1892-1899=100.
497
COURSE OE WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able V .— RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Cloths and clothing.
Underwear.
Year.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1895.
1896..
1897..
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
Women’s dress goods.
CashCashShirts
Shirts
Alpaca, mere,
and
all mere,
and
cotton
cotton
drawers,
wool,
drawers, white, Aver warp,
warp,
10-11
22-inch,
white,
9-twnl,
twill,
merino, age.
Hamil 38-in.,
all wool, 52#
At
4-4
At
wool,
ton.
etc.
lantic J. lantic F.
etc.
106.2
110.0
~~ jooTiT 106.6
112.7
112.7
112.7
95.4
92.5
92.5
92.5
95.4
86.7
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
95.4
110.0
110.0
92.7
92.7
92.7
92.7
92.7
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
100.4
111.4
111.4
111.4
94.1
92.6
92.6
92.6
94.1
93.6
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
119.8
126.1
128.2
111.8
84.3
81.0
67.5
82.2
88.6
110.4
119.1
111.3
111.3
114.3
117.7
128.4
108.1
108.1
106.3
104.6
100.9
93.7
93.7
93.7
93.7
96.6
104.6
104.6
103.7
101.5
112.4
a 114.9
119.3
119.3
117.7
98.4
88.7
83.8
83.6
90.3
94.3
104.8
108.0
104.3
108.0
110.5
114.5
132.7
129.5
124.1
110.7
102.0
80.5
68.2
71.3
89.7
111.3
112.8
119.3
98.7
104.4
118.5
124.2
137.4
109.9
109.9
108.3
106.7
100.3
97.0
93.8
90.5
90.5
93.1
100.3
100.3
99.5
97.8
106.7
5107.7
Cashmere, Frank
lin
cotton
warp,
sack Aver
age.
27-inch, ings,
Hamil
6-4.
ton.
111.0
111.0
109.6
106.1
102.7
95.8
93.0
88.8
88.8
93.0
99.9
102.7
102.0
101.2
110.5
121.4
115.3
119.9
119.9
117.6
96.8
84.3
80.7
82.2
88.4
94.9
118.3
104.5
108.3
114.5
113.4
131.0
113.9
115.7
115.0
107.5
95.6
89.3
85.4
88.0
90.7
98.8
108.4
104.6
105.5
106.6
112.5
122.7
Worsted yarns.
Wool.
Ohio, fine
Ohio, medi
Year. fleece
(X and um fleece (£
X X grade), and |grade),
scoured.
scoured.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Cashmere,
cotton
warp,
22-inch,
Hamil
ton.
Average.
134.6
127.5
115.6
132.1
125.8
113.2
77.6
71.9
69.8
87.6
105.3
108.8
116.0.
94.5
97.2
79.1
70.1
70.6
88.7
108.3
101.2
110.8
107.1
118.3
100.8
.110.3
115.6
116.6
123.0
c 113.1
120.4
<•116.3
o 126.4
117.7
96.6
110.3
115.5
127.3
106.7
117.2
120.4
121.3
119.6
111.4
91.3
72.9
71.2
83.6
124.1
125.4
114.8
107.6
91.2
75.1
74.5
81.3
99.7
106.3
118.5
101.6
102.1
X,
2-40s, Aus I 2-40s, X Xin
tralian fine. i white,
skeins.
101.2
102.2
102.1
°
Average.
122.3
123.4
117.2
109.5
91.3
74.0
72.9
82.5
100.5
106.7
118.4
111.7
118.0
116.5
124.7
Average,
cloths and
clothing.
113.5
111.3
109.0
107.2
96.1
92.7
91.3
91.1
93.4
96.7
106.8
102.2
101.0
102.0
106.6
109.8
112.0
Fuel and lighting.
Coal.
Candles:
Year.
adamantine,
6s, 14-oz.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
102.3
102.3
102.3
112.9
110.9
108.7
108.7
95.3
78.4
78.4
135.4
140.7
140.7
127.4
115.1
109.7
Anthracite.
Bro
ken.
Chest
nut.
103.5
102.3
107.4
105.8
101.5
97.5
97.1
96.4
95.4
93.1
97.1
105.5
110.4
126.2
126.1
125.1
93.3
96.7
109.7
115.9
98.5
82.9
98.9
103.9
98.8
101.4
108.9
120.4
124.0
134.2
134.2
134.1
Egg.
100.6
104.4
110.8
107.2
94.3
84.3
98.8
105.7
100.2
93.8
99.7
112.9
121.5
134.3
134.2
134.3
Bituminous.
Stove.
97.8
101.6
109.4
110.6
94.9
82.4
100.0
105.8
100.1
97.6
104.0
113.9
117.6
127.1
127.1
127.1
Pitts
Georges Georges
Creek
burg
Aver Creek
(f.
o.
b.
(Yougage.
(at
N
.Y
.
hiomine). Harbor). gheny).
98.8
101.3
109.3
109.9
97.3
86.8
98.7
103.0
98.6
96.5
102.4
113.2
118.4
130.5
130.4
130.2
97.1
106.9
101.3
103.6
92.4
87.2
101.3
93.8
102.7
113.9
135.0
150.5
239.1
269.6
196.9
180.0
108.9
110.5
106.9
107.6
99.8
102.5
97.1
89.0
79.3
98.4
106.0
106.6
148.0
161.8
116.5
114.8
103.3
122.7
116.5
117.9
98.6
93.3
89.1
88.6
87.9
82,6
117.0
117.0
122.4
143.9
132.5
124.4
Aver
age.
103.1
113.4
108.2
109.7
96.9
94.3
95.8
90.5
90.0
98.3
119.3
124.7
169.8
191.8
148.6
139.7
Aver
age.
100.6
106.4
108.9
109.8
97.1
90.0
97.5
97.6
94.9
97.3
109.7
118.1
140.4
156.7
138.2
134.3
Danish cloth, cotton warp and filling, 22-inch. For method o f computing relative price, see page 358.
5 Poplar cloth, cotton warp and filling, 36-inch. For method of computing relative price, see page 358.
o Designated as X X X X .
a
498
BULLETIN OP THE BUBEAU OF LABOB.
T able V — RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Fuel and lighting.
Petroleum.
Year.
1880....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Coke:
Connellsville,
furnace.
Matches:
parlor,
domestic.
122.7
110.4
106.5
87.1
62.3
78.0
110.4
95.2
98.8
128.7
155.8
115.6
158.2
171.5
96.4
134.7
111.5
99.6
99.6
99.6
94.9
96.1
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
99.6
90.1
85.4
85.4
85.4
Refined.
Crude.
150° fire
For export. test,
w. w. Average.
112.9
105.5
93.8
80.4
79.4
109.6
108.2
92.0
96.8
121.9
131.6
115.4
113.1
132.5
127.3
95.4
73.6
61.1
70.3
92.2
149.2
129.5
86.5
100.2
142.1
148.5
132.9
135.9
174.5
178.8
152.1
111.2
111.8
Average.
112.4
106.7
92.6
81.4
77.4
84.4
102.2
98.8
89.2
81.5
81.5
103.6
116.7
91.5
81.0
80.5
106.6
112.5
96.6
99.5
118.0
132.6
119.3
118.8
142.8
140.5
126.6
101.1
102.1
114.0
133.5
123.1
124.5
153.1
153.6
141.9
Average,
fuel and
lighting.
120.8
118.1
93.2
99.7
126.0
137.9
123.8
124.5
153.4
153.2
135.1
104.7
102.7
101.1
100.0
92.4
98.1
104.3
96.4
95.4
105.0
120.9
119.5
134.3
149.3
132.6
128.8
Metals and implements.
Bar iron: best refined.
From From
mill
store
(Pitts (Phila.
burg
mar
mar
ket).
ket).
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1893....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
126.9
117.9
113.1
103.4
82.8
86.2
84.1
75.9
73.8
134.5
148.3
124.1
133.8
122.1
102.1
129.0
Builders’ hardware.
Copper.
Barb
Sheet,
wire: Butts: Door Locks:
Aver galvan loose knobs: com Aver Ingot, hot- Wire,
mon
joint,
steel,
rolled
age.
ized.
cast, bronze mor age. lake. (base bare.
3x3 in. plated. tise.
sizes).
125.0
115.9
114.0
103.7
81.7
87.8
85.4
79.9
78.0
126.2
119.5
112.2
129.9
122.0
104.9
117.1
126.0
116.9
113.6
103.6
82.3
87.0
84.8
77.9
75.9
130.4
133.9
118.2
131.9
122.1
103.5
123.1
141.2
127.4
109.5
99.7
86.1
88.9
77.7
71.3
72.7
125.5
134.4
120.2
116.9
108.4
99.3
94.3
111.7
111.7
96.8
98.4
95.9
100.3
104.1
96.8
92.4
92.4
126.6
116.8
126.6
126.6
126.6
126.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
100.1
102.0
102.1 106.1
97.8 102.0
97.8
97.8
97.8
97.8
97.8
115.1
97.8
97.8
106.8
112.0
126.9
132.6
144.8
213.6
91.8
91.8
96.5
91.8
104.0
103.7
103.7
98.7
99.3
97.9
105.8
104.1
98.9
94.0
94.0
110.0
106.9
119.2
110.2 123.1
125.5
183.1
132.3
174.4
127.6
105.8
93.5
76.8
87.1
88.9
91.7
96.8
143.2
134.6
136.7
97.3
110.9
106.2
127.7
Nails.
Lead:
Pig.
Year.
Lead
pipe.
115.5
114.7
108.4
98.2
86.9
85.6
78.7
94.0
99.7
117.6
116.8
115.0
107.9
112.3
116.3
125.7
112.1
116.2
107.6
103.8
92.0
87.2
85.1
89.6
95.5
111.0
106.3
104.8
108.3
107.8
99.5
108.4
125.2
100.3
96.2
92.0
83.6
105.3
148.4
72.9
65.3
age.
110.8
131.2
107.2
98.8
92.1
80.0
101.7
141.9
70.8
65.9
120.2
109.4
97.3
96.0
122.5
112.5
107.0
108.1
93.9
93.8
99.5
99.9
120.1
Wire,
137.1
114.1
101.3
92.1
76.4
98.0
135.3
68.7
66.5
110.4
123.1
115.6
116.7
88.2
84.4
131.1
124.6
125.9
107.5
115.6
108.5
121.8
88.2
87.7
128.1
112.7
98.2
92.2
79.0
84.6
92.6
93.9
93.9
124.7
123.0
124.0
90.6
102.3
98.2
116.3
130.9
111.0
96.0
90.4
80.6
85.9
89.1
91.3
91.7
133.0
127.4
128.9
98.5
109.6
104.3
121.4
Pig iron.
8-penny, 8-penny, Aver
fence
fence
and
and
common. common.
!
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893......
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Cut,
88.6
137.1
114.5
96.4
90.4
85.9
85.9
85.9
Aver
age.
110.6
Besse
mer.
137.0
115 8
104.3
93.4
82.6
92.3
88.1
73.5
76.0
138.1
141.5
115.7
150.0
137.7
99.8
118.7
Foundry Foundry
No. 1.
No. 2.
124.3
118.4
106.4
98.1
85.5
88.5
87.6
81.7
78.8
130.8
135.0
107.2
149.9
134.5
105.2
120.8
131.4
117.9
105.5
95.3
83.1
89.4
90.2
77.4
76.8
132.9
141.8
112.8
162.7
146.6
104.4
125.7
Gray
forge,
south
ern,
coke.
Aver
age.
130.8
112.9
106.3
95.9
80.6
93.1
130.9
116.3
105.6
95.7
83.0
90.8
79.4
78.6
135.8
140.7
113.2
158.8
146.4
105.3
130.7
78.0
77.3
134.4
139.8
86.6
88.1
112.2
165.4
141.8
103.7
124.0
499
COURSE OP WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
T able V .— RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Metals and implements.
1'in plates.
Year.
Quick
silver.
Silver:
bar,
fine.
130.5
112! 3
10o! 9
93* 2
140.6
132.2
116! 9
104! 4
85.5
88.5
91.0
81.1
78.9
80.8
82.9
79.7
70.5
72.4
77.2
81.5
Spelter:
western.
Steel
billets.
122.6
112.4
102.9
141.5
117.7
109.8
94.9
77.0
85.9
87.5
70.1
71.1
144.6
116.4
112.1
142.1
129.7
103.0
111.6
Steel
Steel
sheets:
rails.
black,
No. 27. (a)
Domes
tic, Bes
semer,
coke,
14x20.(6)
Tin:
pig.
i
Ig90___
189l!...
18921III
1893!"!!
1894!*!!
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
85 .7
91.8
89.0
92.2
97.0
107.3
121.0
118.5
115.5
113.4
105.5
97.4
Import
ed, Bes Aver
semer,
age.
coke,I.C.,
14x20. (c)
i
90.7
78.5
80.1
88.7
93.1
100.2
130.1
97.8
89.6
107.7
123.5
113.9
131.0
121.9
114.8
115.1
107.9
92.1
93.4
107.4
71.9
67.6
107.9
123.9
104.9
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
104.9
108.9
96.0
87.1
84.8
119.2
130.8
140.6
129.9
116.1
93.8
99.1
115.5
110.3
110.9
109.0
98.7
76.5
72.4
74.0
84.5
148.2
163.7
142.6
144.2
153.4
152.5
170.3
104.6
116.4
115.7
117.1
106.7
84.4
82.9
85.1
87.2
100.6
93.2
83.5
122.7
137.0
122.7
120.7
115.4
105.5
108.5
l d)
d\
(d)
(1
(d)
(d)
(d)
104.6
116.4
115.7
117.1
106.7
84.4
91.8
89.2
85.4
122.7
137.0
122.7
120.7
115.4
105.5
108.5
Tools.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Saws.
Augers:
extra,
2-inch.
Axes:
M. C. O.,
Yankee.
Chisels:
extra,
socket
firmer,
1-inch.
118.2
118.2
118.2
111.9
95.9
82.9
86.7
88.6
88.6
91.1
124.4
105.7
111.9
143.7
149.3
190.7
120.4
118.3
106.5
106.5
100.9
98.0
88.4
83.9
79.9
97.1
102.9
88.8
103.0
107.6
123.3
134.7
110.9
110.9
110.9
102.1
91.5
90.3
94.7
90.3
90.8
107.6
127.6
121.4
142.6
147.8
158.4
209.5
Files: 8- Hammers: Planes:
Bailey
inch mill Maydole
•No. 1£.
No. 5.
bastard.
Crosscut,
Disston.
Hand,
Disston
No. 7.
107.4
107.4
107.4
107.4
104.3
93.9
93.0
93.0
93.0
93.0
107.0
110.4
114.2
115.7
115.7
115.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
JOO.O
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
112.7
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
98.6
106.7
104.6
102.2
101.6
97.3
95.4
91.2
94.4
96.8
109.7
127.8
123.1
123.1
123.1
122.0
121.6
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
96.9
97.6
105.2
105.2
100.6
107.0
115.9
117.2
117.2
129.0
129.0
129.0
Average.
106. <
99.1
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
Is.
Year.
1890..
1891..
1892..
1893..
1894..
1895..
1896..
1897..
1898..
1899..
1900..
1901.
1902..
1903..
1904..
1905.
Trowels: M.
Shovels:
Ames No. 2. C. O., brick,
lOHnch.
Vises: solid
box, 50pound.
Average.
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100,0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
106.1
106.1
109.1
107.6
104.0
97.2
95.4
89.7
84.1
100.7
109.4
128.7
131.5
132.7
109.1
106.1
107.2
105.6
104.5
103.0
98.6
95.3
95.7
95.0
93.9
101.3
111.8
liO.O
114.6
118.2
118.4
127.5
100.1
100.1
100.1
100.1
94.7
94.7
99.3
100.8
100.8
109.4
115.9
115.9
118.9
102.0
97.3
96.9
Wood screws:
1-inch, No.
10, flat head.
Zinc:
sheet.
130.5
132.5
139.1
139.1
103.2
74.0
68.4
56.3
60.8
96.2
120.5
69.2
63.0
72.4
62.6
69.9
a Average for the period July, 1894, to December, 1899=100.
b Average for 1896-1899=100.
©Average for 1890-1898=100.
a Quotations discontinued.
114.0
107.7
103.4
94.0
74.4
85.1
93.0
93.0
103.5
131.9
li.4.8
lu4.7
107.9
1a3 .3
105.6
128.5
Average,
metals and
implements.
119.2
111.7
106.0
100.7
90.7
92.0
93.7
86.6
86.4
114.7
120.5
111.9
117.2
117.6
109.6
122.5
5f)0
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
T able V .— RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Lumber and building materials.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Cement.
Carbonate
of lead:
American, Portland,
domestic.® Rosendale. Average.
in oil.
Brick:
common
domestic.
110.6
112.7
114.0
105.5
90.8
91.0
89; 6
92.7
94.1
98.4
108.3
99.8
93.4
106.6
103.6
109.7
118.0
102.6
103.7
104.9
89.9
95.5
91.0
88.8
103.4
102.2
94.4
103.7
96.8
106.2
134.7
145.7
118.8
106.2
109.2
100.0
104.5
96.1
93.9
84.8
85.7
100.8
114.6
114.8
97.5
100.3
90.4
93.9
98.6
100.2
98.5
100.1
102.6
108.1
94.7
97.7
101.6
73.2
71.5
Doors:
pine.
118.8
106.2
109.2
100.0
104.5
97.4
97.1
91.7
92.9
101.7
111.4
104.8
97.6
101.0
81.8
82.7
Lime:
common.
125.8
114.4
114.4
112.1
96.1
83.5
76.6
74.3
84.6
118.2
145.5
173.1
104.1
158.2
154.6
163.2
Linseed
oil: raw.
117.5
109.5
111.5
111.5
101.8
93.8
83.3
86.3
89.0
95.8
82.0
92.9
96.7
94.5
99.0
106.9
135.8
106.8
90.0
102.2
115.6
115.6
81.2
72.2
86.5
94.1
138.7
140.0
130.8
91.9
91.7
103.1
Lumber.
Oak: white.
Year.
1890..
1891..
1892.. ..
1893.
1894..
1895.. _.
1896.. ..
1897.. . .
1898..
1899..
1900..
1901..
1902..
1903.. ..
1904.. ..
1905.. *•
Hem
lock.
105.2
104.1
102.8
100.3
97.9
93.2
93.3
92.0
98.2
113.0
137.9
125.4
132.4
140.4
142.1
149.4
Maple:
hard.
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
JOO.O
100.1
103.8
100.8
107.8
119.5
117.0
115.1
Pine.
White, boards.
Plain.
Quar
tered.
101.2
101.5
102.7
103.5
99.5
96.8
96.8
96.8
96.8
104.1
109.1
98.2
109.2
119.8
124.2
126.5
95.9
99.8
98.7
98.7
95.2
99.2
101.5
100.3
97.8
112.7
120.1
110.2
117.5
139.3
150.4
149.5
Aver
age.
98.6
100.7
100.7
101.1
97.4
98.0
99.2
98.6
97.3
108.4
114.6
104.2
113.4
129.6
137.3
138.0
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
1
Uppers. ; Average.
j
94.7
96.7
98.9
104.2
99.7
98.8
100.2
99.5
99.0
108.4
123.5
129.8
160.7
171.8
174.0
177.4
98.1
99.4
100.2
108.9
106.2
100.8
96.4
92.5
90.6
106.9
125.7
122.0
137.3
140.3
134.4
144.6
96.4
98.1
99.6
106.6
103.0
99.8
98.3
96.0
94.8
107.7
124.6
125.9
149.0
156.1
154.2
161.0
Yellow.
Average.
112.4
108.1
100.2
100.2
100.2
91.6
88.9
89.0
100.9
108.5
112.2
106.5
113.7
113.7
116.0
134.9
101.7
101.4
99.8
104.4
102.0
97.1
95.2
93.7
96.8
107.9
120.5
119.4
137.2
141.9
141.5
152.3
1
Lumber.
Year.
No. 2
barn.
Poplar.
97.2
97.2
97.6
107.2
101.2
98.8
98.8
97.8
95.6
108.5
120.2
117.0
134.2
158.3
160.5
153.7
Spruce.
Average.
113.5
99.1
103.5
96.0
88.6
99.3
99.3
97.6
95.8
107.3
121.1
125.4
134.2
133.7
142.9
149.3
102.0
100.7
100.5
102.1
98.7
97.6
97.2
96.2
97.2
107.7
119.3
115.0
127.4
137.4
140.2
144.5
Oxide of
zinc.
106.3
104.8
106.5
103.3
93.3
87.5
95.8
94.3
99.0
109.5
112.8
109.5
110.0
115.8
115.8
116.3
Plate glass: polishes3, unsilvered.
Area 3 to Area 5 to Average.
5 sq. ft.
10 sq. ft.
146.0
143.3
115.7
115.7
90.9
82.6
93.7
55.1
74.4
82.6
93.7
88.2
70.9
72.3
62.7
66.3
134.9
132.9
106.0
106.0
86.7
92.5
104.0
61.7
82.9
92.5
104.0
94.4
79.2
83.1
70.3
71.8
a Average for 1895-1899=100.
140.5
138.1
110.9
110.9
88.8
87.6
98.9
58.4
78.7
87.6
98.9
91.3
75.1
77.7
66.5
69.1
Putty.
110.8
110.8
101.9
101.3
99.4
91.8
91.8
91.8
91.8
106.3
120.3
94.9
121.5
89.2
69.6
69.0
Resin:
good
strained.
96.1
102.4
93.2
87.6
86.9
108.4
121.2
112.0
#98.7
93.5
111.3
106.3
112.0
153.9
196.8
237.7
COURSE OF WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1905.
501
T able V .— RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Continued.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
Lumber and building materials.
Window glass: American,
single.
Shingles.
Year.
Cypress.
White
pine.
Turpen
tine:
1spirits of.
Tar.
Average.
Thirds,
6 x 8 to
10 x 15
inch.
Firsts,
6 x 8 to
10 x 15
inch.
Average,
lumber
and
building
Average. materi
als.
i
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
118.7
115.2
111.7
106.3
99.2
93.9
- 88.6
83.3
88.6
94.4
101.0
101.0
94.7
91.0
92.2
96.6
102.6
106.9
104.4
102.8
100.2
98.8
96.5
94.6
94.9
98.3
106.9
111.9
123.0
125.1
122.5
119.9
110.7
111.1
108.1
104.6
99.7
96.4
92.6
89.0
91.8
96.4
104.0
106.5
108.9
108.1
107.4
108.3
122.4
131.4
107.9
86.8
90.6
94.8
84.0
87.5
91.1
103.4
113.1
106.4
110.0
139.4
139.4
145.9
122.0
113.5
96.5
89.8
87.7
87.4
82.1
87.5
96.4
137.0
142.7
111.5
141.8
171.0
172.2
187.7
103.6
102.8
92.7
99.4
92.6
74.3
83.8
102.2
122.9
125.9
125.5
191.9
149.6
122.7
134.2
128.5
98.2
97.3
87.7
94.0
89.8
76.5
88.0
107.9
128.8
131.9
127.5
180.4
141.0
118.7
128.0
117.5
100.9
100.1
90.2
96.7
91.2
75.4
85.9
105.1
125.9
128.9
126.5
186.2
145.3
120.7
131.1
123.0
111.8
108.4
102.8
101.9
96.3
94.1
93.4
90.4
95.8
105.8
115.7
116.7
118.8
121.4
122.7
127.8
Sul
phuric
acid:
66°.
Average,
drugs
and
chemi
cals.
Drugs and chemicals.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Opium: Quinine:
A lcohol: Alcohol:
Glycer- Muriatic natural,
wood, Alum: Brim
grain, refined,
stone:
acid:
Ameri
lump. crude, refined.
in
94 per
95
per
can.
20°.
seconds.
cases.
cent.
cent.
92.5
98.9
95.6
97.3
96.1
104.0
102.7
101.6
103.8
107.6
106.5
109.7
107.4
106.9
108.6
108.3
119.2
121.6
136.0
135.4
75.5
90.9
89.1
72.9
78.6
80.8
83.9
64.2
67.3
62.0
61.6
70.8
109.0
94.6
95.8
104.2
101.2
95.8
98.2
99.4
98.8
100.6
104.8
104.8
104.8
103.6
104.8
104.8
102.2
138.2
116.7
90.5
80.1
75.5
86.8
97.2
110.7
102.1
102.2
106.3
113.2
107.9
105.2
102.8
126.3
109.9
99.8
96.2
85.3
86.1
119.4
93.5
88.5
95.0
108.3
107.5
103.2
103.4
99.8
88.5
100.0
94.2
116.3
97.1
84.6
79.8
72.1
104.8
123.1
129.8
129.8
144.2
161.5
153.8
153.8
153.8
111.0
82.4
70.8
101.3
96.8
78.0
88.6
99.2
141.6
130.2
135.6
136.8
120.0
130.6
116.5
128.5
133.1
102.0
88.7
87.4
106.5
102.0
97.8
74.3
87.2
120.9
135.2
123.0
104.7
102.6
94.8
85.4
98.9
91.0
106.7
95.5
82.0
78.7
78.7
106.7
127.0
134.8
134.8
140.4
146.1
142.7
144.9
139.3
110.2
103.6
102.9
100.5
89.8
87.9
92.6
94.4
106.6
111.3
115.7
115.2
114.2
112.6
110.0
109.1
House furnishing goods.
Earthenware.
Year.
Plates,
creamcolored.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
108.0
105.6
102.3
102.3
101.0
94.6
92.0
92.0
100.4
101.7
106.6
112.5
112.5
115.4
113.8
106.6
Furniture.
Teacups
Chairs,
Plates,
and sau Average. Bedroom bedroom,
Chairs,
Tables,
white cers,
sets, ash.
kite: ten. kitchen. Average.
white
maple.
granite. granite.
109.1
106.9
103.7
103.7
101.9
92.9
89.1
89.1
100.8
102.9
108.1
113.8
113.8
111.4
110.4
102.4
109.6
107.4
104.2
104.2
102.8
94.4
90.1
90.1
98.0
99.2
104.3
109.7
109.7
107.4
106.4
98.8
108.9
106.6
103.4
103.4
101.9
94.0
90.4
90.4
99.7
101.3
106.3
112.0
112.0
111.4
110.2
102.6
113.7
113.7
113.7
104.2
104.2
94.3
82.9
82.9
94.7
95.7
106.6
106.6
111.3
115.3
116.1
117.0
113.0
113.0
110.6
110.6
96.9
96.9
96.9
80.7
82.7
98.9
129.1
113.0
118.4
127.8
129.1
129.1
109.8
109.8
111.1
111.1
91.5
91.5
91.5
91.5
86.6
105.7
136.1
124.2
128.5
130.7
124.7
124.2
103.9
103.9
103.9
103.9
98.7
98.7
95.6
95.6
95.6
100.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
108.1
110.1
110.1
109.8
107.5
97.8
95.4
91.7
87,7
89.9
100.1
120.0
113.0
116.6
120.5
119.5
119.6
502
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
T able V .— RELATIVE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1905—Concluded.
[Average price for 1890-1899=100.]
House furnishing goods.
Glassware.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Pitch Tum
ers,
Nap
blers,
pies, i-gallon, i-pint,
4-inch. com
com
mon.
mon.
107.1
107.1
107.1
107.1
107.1
107.1
89.3
89.3
89.3
89.3
89.3
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
106.4
85.1
85.1
85.1
85.1
110.6
110.6
110.6
97.9
89.4
101.4
112.7
107.0
107.0
107.0
104.2
101.4
95.8
90.1
73.2
101.4
101.4
104.2
99.5
90.1
84.5
Wooden ware.
Aver
age.
Knives
house
Pails,
Tubs, Aver
and
Aver Carvers,
Aver
fur
oak
stag
oak
forks,
age. handles.
cocobolo age. grained. grained. age. nishing
goods.
handles.
Table cutlery.
105.0
108.7
106.8
106.8
106.8
105.9
99.0
90.1
88.2
82.5
91.9
112.3
113.3
111.7
104.3
99.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
118.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
93.8
127.9
127.9
113.0
90.8
90.8
90.8
90.8
82.5
90.8
94.9
94.9
107.3
107.3
107.3
110.0
no. 4
114.0
114.0
106.5
104.8
95.4
95.4
95.4
88.2
92.3
94.4
94.4
100.6
100.6
100.6
101.9
102.1
122.6
111.6
103.9
101.1
96.9
86.3
97.2
95.6
87.3
97.5
114.9
119.3
119.3
122.2
130.9
130.9
122.5
116.3
103.9
97.1
95.6
92.8
92.8
92.8
92.8
93.4
107.0
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
107.6
122.6
114.0
103.9
99.1
96.3
89.6
95.0
94.2
90.1
95.5
111.0
113.5
113.5
114.9
119.3
119.3
111.1
110.2
106.5
104.9
100.1
96.5
94.0
89.8
92.0
95.1
106.1
110.9
112.2
113.0
111.7
109.1
Miscellaneous.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Cotton-seed
Cotton-seed oil: sum Jute: raw.
meal.
mer yel
low, prime.
106.4
114.8
107.9
117.0
102.7
86.1
90.8
93.1
86.5
94.7
116.3
113.9
123.5
121.6
119.3
120.0
113.2
117.2
101.4
149.5
106.4
89.4
82.6
77.7
75.2
87.5
116.8
117.3
133.6
130.7
103.0
88.6
108.1
103.3
132.3
96.4
96.1
77.7
88.9
103.9
92.5
101.7
121.2
111.4
122.0
129.2
123.7
151; 0
Malt:
western
made.
106.7
131.9
114.0
110.3
105.9
97.5
80.1
77.4
87.7
88.5
93.0
106.0
112.7
103.1
' 96.1
87.5
Paper.
News.
Wrapping,
manila.
127.8
113.7
113.7
106.4
108.0
103.0
92.0
90.6
73.2
69.9
94.0
75.6
80.9
84.6 i
89.3 !
80.9 ,
1
104.0
104.0
100.9
104.7
105.6
106.0
106.3
106.3
83.0
79.2
86.8
90.8
89.9
95.1
95.8
94.9
Average.
115.9
108.9
107.3
105.6
106.8
104.5
99.2
98.5
78.1
74.6
90.4
83.2
85.4
89.9
92.6
87.9
Proof
spirits.
91.6
96.1
93.5
93.2
98.5
105.3
104.6
102.9
106.3
108.0
108.4
111.8
114.3
111.4
110.4
109.7
Tobacco.
Year.
1890....
1891....
1892....
1893....
1894....
1895....
1896....
1897....
1898....
1899....
1900....
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
1905....
Rope: manila.
160.0
111.1
122.9
98.4
82.4
78.7
71.1
67.6
90.1
117.1
141.3
116.9
144.3
122.7
125.4
127.9
Rubber:
Para
Island.
104.6
98.8
84.5
89.5
84.2
92.7
99.9
105.6
115.8
124.3
122.6
106.1
90.8
113.1
135.8
155.2
Soap: castile, mot
tled, pure.
Starch:
laundry.
104.4
109.1
109.7
108.1
103.3
89.1
88.2
93.3
96.7
98.1
107.7
115.1
116.5
115.6
113.7
114.2
106.6
122.4
107.2
105.2
105.2
104.3
89.1
86.2
86.2
86.2
97.7
104.3
130.5
123.9
106.0
94.5
Smoking,
granu
HoreesKoe. lated, Seal
of N. C.
Average.
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
104.1
110.0
110.0
110.0
109.9
112.0
114.4
117.9
100.2
99.7
96.1
99.2
99.6
99.6
97.2
96.6
104.2
107.7
111.0
113.8
112.3
112.8
116.5
120.8
102.2
101.2
94.0
100.1
101.0
101.0
96.1
94.9
104.3
105.4
111.9
117.6
114.6
113.6
118.6
123.7
Average,
miscella
neous.
110.3
109.4
106.2
105.9
99.8
94.5
91.4
92.1
92.4
97.7
109.8
107.4
114.1
113.6
111.7
112.8
RECENT REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR STATISTICS.
CO NNECTICUT.
Twentieth Annual Report of the Bureau o f Labor Statistics, for the
year ending November SO, 190Ip. William H. Scoville, Commissioner.
500 p p .; appendix, 67 pp.
The subjects treated in this report are the following: New factory
construction, 27 pages; municipal statistics, 155 pages; statistics of
manufactures, 162 pages; labor organizations, 20 pages; strikes and
lockouts, 17 pages: court decisions relating to labor, 69 pages; free
public employment bureaus, 12 pages; labor laws, 59 pages.
N e w F actory Construction.— Under this head is given a list of
buildings and additions erected during the year ending July 1, 1904,
to be used for manufacturing purposes. Location, material, dimen
sions, and cost of construction are given for each new structure; also
increase in the number of employees caused by building. In 38 towns
of the State 100 manufacturing establishments reported having con
structed 145 new buildings and additions to existing structures, at a
total cost of $1,782,663. The additional number of employees pro
vided for by 28 of the 100 establishments was 588.
M unicipal Statistics.— This part of the report is devoted to sta
tistics of the cities and boroughs of the State, and embraces date of
incorporation and population of each, salaries of officials, pay of mem
bers of the police and fire departments, hours of labor and wages of
workmen upon street or other public work, and water rates and cost of
street lighting. For municipal workmen the prevailing hours of labor
seemed to be 9 and 10 and the rate of wages $1.50 and $1.75 per day.
S tatistics of M anufactures .— This part of the report consists
chiefly of three tables showing, by industries, for 1,011 establishments
the number of employees, number of days in operation, total wages
paid, average annual and daily earnings, value of products, percentage
of labor cost of value of products, and percentage of other expenses
and profits. These items are reported for the years 1903 and 1904,
and, except for the last two items, there is given the percentage of
increase or decrease for the latter year. Summaries and analytical text
503
504
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
are also given. A summary of the more important data for the fiscal
year 1904 is presented in the table following:
STATISTICS OF MANUFACTURES FOR THE FISCAL YEAR 1904.
[The figures in the columns for average persons employed, average days in operation, amount
paid in wages, and gross value of product do not in each case represent the full number of establish
ments shown for the various industries, but only those reporting as to the individual items. The
average annual earnings are based upon the average number employed and the wages paid in those
establishments only w hich reported these items in 1903 as well as in 1904.]
Industry.
Average Average
Estab Average
annual
persons days in earnings
lish
em
opera per em
ments. ployed.
tion.
ployee.
Brass and brass goods.............................
Carriages and carriage parts.................
Corsets......................................................
Cotton goods............................................
Cotton m ills ............................................
Cutlery and to o ls....................................
General hardw are..................................
Hats and c a p s .........................................
Hosiery and knit goods..........................
Iron and iron foundries........................
Leather g o o d s ................................ .......
Machine shops.........................................
Musical instruments and p arts............
Paper and paper g o o d s .........................
Ruober g ood s..........................................
Silk goods.................................................
Silver and plated w a r e ..........................
Wire and wire goods...............................
Wood w orking.........................................
Woolens and woolen mills....................
Miscellaneous..........................................
94
16
12
38
24
53
56
43
18
63
10
134
14
69
19
35
32
25
51
59
146
Total...............................................
1,011
27,329
478
4,861 •
7,278
7,999
4,787
14,382
4,331
3,350
6,975
420
12,168
1,662
3,083
6,606
7,578
5,394
2,340
1,743
9,289
8,798
140,851
297.9
297.0
295.0
289.5
280.4
288.1
298.4
281.0
287.9
295.5
299.5
291.8
291.9
295.5
294.0
297.3
295.3
298.5
291.8
293.1
298.6
Amount
paid in
wages.
$515.64 314,171,411
648.85
313,229
1,580,772
324.86
368.93
2,654,622
346.72
2,772,006
485.86
1,955,081
477.09
6,790,279
549.01
2,278,500
362.41
1,211,002
529.49
3,720,325
513.60
215,713
576.87
7,019,244
632.02
884,160
426.85
1,289,683
494.41
3,265,877
413.21
3,104,572
533.37
2,815,805
395.21
1,035,407
516.79
953,617
395.26
3,603,379
480.50
4,196,088
294.0 1 468.45
65,830,772
Gross value
of product.
363,395,973
858,431
5,580,373
8,599,712
8,464,516
4,317,048
15,125,626
6,751,220
4,712,701
9,841,330
1,194,795
19,064,532
3,267,093
5,731,430
24,617,691
12,406,653
10,151,750
4,718,148
2,224,089
15,928,194
18,604,570
245,555,875
The manufacture of carriages and carriage parts shows the highest
average annual earnings per employee, viz, $648.85, while the manu
facture of corsets shows the lowest, or $324.86.
Comparative statistics for 1903 arid 1904 of identical establishments
show in the latter year, as compared with the former, a slight decrease
in the average totals for all the items of inquiry given in the above
table.
L abor O rganizations .— In 1904 there were 524 organizations known
to have been in existence in the State. During each of the prior five
years the number that reported to the State bureau was as follows:
214 in 1899, 270 in 1900, 340 in 1901, 510 in 1902, and 591 in 1903.
The decrease of 67 organizations in 1904 as compared with 1903 is in
a measure due to the consolidation of several unions. Organizations
were found in 43 towns in 1901, in 48 in 1902, in 49 in 1903, and in 47
in 1904. Following the statistical presentation is a list of the unions,
grouped by towns, with the name and address of the secretary of each.
Strikes and L ockouts.— Under this head are given brief accounts
of the labor troubles of the State for the year ending October 31,
1904, and a tabulated statement showing the date, class of labor, name
of employer, location, number of employees involved, duration, causes,
and results of 36 disputes. The number of employees involved in these
REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR---- CONNECTICUT.
505
disputes was 2,699, with a reported loss of time of 61,218 working
days and of wages to the amount of $97,337. These disputes took
place in 20 towns of the State, and 21 occupations were represented.
The assigned cause or object in the majority of instances related to
wages, hours of labor, and the employment of nonunion men. O f
the 36 disputes, the workmen were successful in 9, unsuccessful in 8,
partly successful in 5; 10 were amicably settled or arbitrated, and 4
were unsettled at the time of the report.
Court D ecisions.— Decisions of the courts on several cases aris
ing within the State relating to labor are reproduced in this part of the
report.
F ree P ublic E mployment B ureaus .— The operations for the year
ending November 30,1904, of the five free public employment bureaus
established on July 1, 1901, are set forth in this chapter. Detailed
statements are given showing by sex the number and kind of situations
secured, together with the nationality of the applicants. A summary
of the results for the year covered is given in the following table for
the five cities in which the bureaus are located:
OPERATIONS OF FREE PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT BUREAUS FOR THE YEAR ENDING
NOVEMBER 30, 1904.
Location.
Applications for
situations.
Applications for
help.
Males.
Males.
Females.
Females.
Positions secured.
Males.
Females.
Hartford......................................................
Bridgeport...................................................
New H aven........................... .♦...................
Waterbury...................................................
N orw ich......................................................
2,236
779
1,548
528
259
1,950
2,604
1,286
1,226
308
1,177
604
442
358
86
1,665
2,457
1,065
1,115
314
1,122
540
416
337
91
1,363
1,927
878
939
262
Total...................................................
5,350
7,374
2,667
6,616
2,506
5,369
During the forty-one months from the date of the establishment of
the bureaus there were 45,872 applications for situations, 21,096 by
males and 24,776 by females. Employers made application for 10,478
male and 24,469 female workers, a total of 34,947 persons. A s a result
of the operations of the bureaus, 26,875 positions were secured, 9,475
by males and 17,400 by females.
L abor L aw s .— In an appendix to the report are presented the labor
laws of the State, comprising those contained in the general statutes,
revision of 1902, and amendments, January session, 1903.
K ANSAS.
Second Biennial Report o f the Bureau o f Labor and Industry, f<yt%
1903 and 1904. W . L. A . Johnson, Commissioner, iv, 570 pp.
The subjects of inquiry presented in this report may be grouped as
follows: Statistics of wage-earners, 259 pages; five-year comparisons
506
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
of wages, hours of labor, cost of living, retail prices, etc., 56 pages;
labor organizations, 39 pages; statistics of mine workers, 47 pages;
factory inspection, 10 pages; strikes and labor difficulties, 49 pages;
enforcement of labor laws and decisions of courts affecting labor, 34
pages; exhibit of the Bureau of Labor and Industry at the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition, 2 pages; proceedings of the seventh annual con
vention of the State Society of Labor and Industry, 53 pages; labor
laws, 11 pages.
S tatistics of W age -E arners .— This is an investigation of the
industrial condition of the wage-earners of the State, showing earn
ings, cost of living, savings, investments, value of homes, incum
brances, etc. The returns cover reports for the two years 1903 and
1904, and embrace four classes or groups of employees, as follows:
Railway employees in train service, railway employees in other than
train service, employees in building trades, and employees in miscel
laneous trades.
F iv e -Y ear Comparisons of W ages , H ours of L abor , C ost of
L ivin g , etc .— Under this title are embraced three presentations. The
first is devoted to a comparison of wages, hours of labor, cost of liv
ing, savings, investments, and proportion of home owners and rent
payers for 348 wage-earners in 17 occupations for the five years 1899 to
1903; the second to a comparison of the retail prices of 73 articles
entering into the cost of living, in 6 cities of the State, for the five
years 1900 to 1904, and the third to a comparison of rates of wages
and hours of labor in 20 occupations for the five years 1900 to 1904.
Percentages of increase and decrease accompany the comparisons.
A summary of the data embraced under the first presentation shows
that, for those reporting, the average annual wages were $577.38 in
1899, and $723.93 in 1903; average hours of labor 9.7 in 1899, and 9.4
in 1903; average cost of living $539.56 in 1899, and $594.30 in 1903,
while the proportion of home owners and rent payers was 39 and 61
per cent in 1899, and 49 and 51 per cent in 1903. A summary of the
data embraced under the second presentation shows that of the 73
articles entering into the cost of living 61 were higher in price in 1904
than in 1900, 10 were lower in price, and for 2 there was no change.
Under the third presentation it is brought out by the summary that
the average wage rate for the 20 occupations considered shows in 1904,
as compared with 1900, a net increase of 14.98 per cent.
L abor O rganizations .— Reports were received from 137 labor
organizations in 1903 and from 192 in 1904 relating to membership,
occupations, conditions of employment, wages, hours of labor, strikes,
accidents, etc. On December 31, 1903, 131 organizations reported a
total membership of 9,657, and on December 3 1,1 9 04 ,1 88 organiza
tions a total membership of 12,074. The average hours of labor per
day in 1903, for 126 organizations reporting, were 9.2, and in 1904,
REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR---- KANSAS.
507
for 176 organizations reporting, were 8.9. The annual cost per mem
ber for maintenance of organization, aside from insurance, was $6.87
in 1903 for the 129 organizations reporting, and in 1904 it was $7.87
for the 175 organizations reporting. In 1903,17 organizations engaged
in 26 strikes, and 7 paid strike benefits to the amount of $4,650; in 1904
13 organizations engaged in as many strikes, and 13 paid strike bene
fits to the amount of $30,805. In 1903 the work days lost on account
of strikes by 12 organizations were 10,185, and the wages lost $32,974;
in 1904 the work days lost on account of strikes by 13 organizations
were 118,958, and the wages lost $351,774.
Statistics of M ine W orkers .— This part of the report consists of
an investigation of the industrial conditions existing in 1904 in the
Cherokee-Crawford and Osage coal mining districts, and shows social
condition, extent of employment, earnings, hours of labor, cost of
mine supplies, cost of living, savings, etc., of the mine workers. In
the Cherokee-Crawford district, where the u room-and-pillar” system
of mining prevails, wages averaged $2.44 per day, $56.47 per month,
and $0.72 per ton; in the Osage district, where the 66 long-wall” sys
tem of mining prevails, wages averaged $2.52 per day, $59.31 per
month, and $1.60 per ton.
Strikes and L abor D ifficulties .— Text accounts are given of
the more important labor difficulties occurring in the State during the
biennial period ending June 30, 1905. O f the total of 38 strikes
reported, 14 were successful, 6 were unsuccessful, 11 were compro
mised, and 7 were pending when report was made. A s to causes of
strikes, 26 per cent were against reduction of wages, 17 per cent were
for an increase of wages, 25 per cent related to questions of unionism
in some form, 16 per cent because of refusal of employers to make
agreements with employees, and 16 per cent were for other causes.
L abor D ecisions, E nforcement of L abor L aw s , and L abor
L aws . - -Under these heads are given court decisions, brief accounts of
the enforcement of the eight-hour law, and reproductions of recent
labor laws.
MARYLAND.
Thirteenth Annual Report o f the Bureau o f Statistics and Information
o f Maryland, 1 9 0 Charles J. Fox, Chief. 331 pp.
The following subjects are presented in this report: The Baltimore
fire, 6 pages; free employment bureau, 8 pages; factory and sweat
shop inspection, 45 pages, and 12 detailed tables in the form of folders;
strikes, 22 pages, and 1 detailed table as a folder; labor organizations,
13 pages, and 1 detailed table as a folder; cost of living, 9 pages; State
cooperative insurance, 9 pages; census of buildings in Baltimore, 14
pages, and 2 detailed tables as folders; agriculture, 13 pages; new
508
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
incorporations, 22 pages; Maryland coal trade, 4 pages; immigration,
5 pages; census of negroes in Baltimore and Sparrow Point, 66
pages; twentieth annual convention of the Association of Officials of
Bureaus of Labor Statistics of America, 26 pages; labor laws, 42 pages.
T h e B altimore F ir e . — Under this head is an account of the man
ner in which the bureau of labor was utilized after the great fire of
February 7 and 8, 1904, in the investigation of the number of people
thrown out of employment and needing assistance, and the result of
the canvass made to secure positions for many of the unemployed.
F ree E mployment B ureau .— During that part of 1904 covered by
the report (the records for January and a part of February having
been destroyed in the great fire), a total of 1,312 persons made appli
cation to the bureau for situations, 1,078 males and 234 females.
There were 362 applications for help* of which 202 were for males and
160 for females. Positions were secured for 529 persons, 378 males
and 151 females. O f the applications for situations, 429 were from
laborers, with 89 clerks as second in the list. O f the positions secured,
259 were for laborers, followed by 73 for general houseworkers.
F actory and Sw e at -S hop I nspection .— Since the opinion of the
State court of appeals, delivered at the January term, 1904, declared
the factory and workshop inspection law constitutional, the inspection
of factories and sweat shops in the city of Baltimore has been carried
on by the labor bureau with renewed energy.
During the year 1904, after careful inspection and report thereon,
1,013 permits were issued to contractors and individuals to work and
employ 11,861 hands in the manufacture of various articles pertaining
to the clothing trade. O f the total permits, 447 were issued to fac
tories and workshops and 566 to persons who worked in tenements and
dwellings. Tables, bv inspection districts, show in detail the condi
tions, sanitary, social, etc., existing in connection with each tenement,
dwelling, and workshop inspected. Taken together, the general con
ditions shown by this last inspection were an improvement on those
shown by the previous one.
S trikes .— During 1904 there occurred in the State 20 strikes, with
the exception of 4 all being in the city of Baltimore. Three were
sympathetic strikes in support of demands or contests by labor unions
in other cities. The question of wages or hours of labor entered into
the causes of 13 of the strikes. O f 16 ordered by organized labor, 8
were successful and 2 partly successful, while the remaining 6 and the
4 not ordered by organized labor, were unsuccessful. A s to mode of
settlement of strikes, 9 were settled by agreement, 1 by conference, 1
was declared off by the union, and 9 were not settled at all. O f the
2,174 persons thrown out of employment on account of strikes, 1,531
were strikers. There were brought from other points to take the
places of strikers, 295 persons, 222 of whom were retained after the
REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR---- MARYLAND.
509
strikes were settled. The estimated wage loss was reported at $144,377,
and the assistance to strikers at $17,150.
L abor O rganizations .— The State labor bureau secured, in 1904,
returns from 113 local labor organizations, including a list of their
secretaries, membership, hours of labor, rates of wages, etc. The
membership of 105 unions at the time the various reports were made
aggregated 14,056. The hours of labor of the members of a majority
of the unions were 8 and 9 per day.
During 1903-4 the members of
41 unions received an increase of wages, while those of 5 unions had
their wages decreased in that time. The greatest gains made by
organizations were in the building trades in the city of Baltimore.
Cost of L ivin g .— Under this head are presented comparative retail
prices of various articles of food in the markets of Baltimore for the
years 1892, 1895, 1902, and 1904; also average retail prices of food
for each month of 1904, compiled from the market reports of the
daily papers of Baltimore. Earnings and expenditures during 1904
of 14 representative workingmen’s families are shown; and for 15
representative workingmen the daily hours of labor, average daily
earnings, and average yearly earnings for the years 1902 and 1904.
C ensus of N egroes .— This consists of an investigation of the
social, industrial, and educational condition of the negroes of Balti
more city and Sparrow Point made during October, 1904. The
total negro population of Baltimore city is given as 81,381 (23,848
male adults, 29,676 female adults, 14,565 male children, and 13,292
female children) and of Sparrow Point as 1,531 (1,170 male adults,
175 female adults, 82 male children, and 104 female children). The
statistics for Baltimore are presented by police districts. In a table
giving the weekly earnings of 52,440 men, women, and children, it is
shown that 258 earned less than $1 per week, 3,023 earned $1 or under
$2 per week, 9,640 earned $2 or under $3 per week, 11,442 earned
$3 or under $4 per week, 6,596 earned $4 or under $5 per week,
4,204 earned $5 or under $6 per week, 4,647 earned $6 or under
$7 per week, 4,330 earned $7 or under $8 per week, 2,598 earned $8
or under $9 per week, 2,940 earned $9 or under $10 per week, 1,588
earned $10 or under $11 per week, 987 earned $11 or under $16 per
week, and 187 earned $16 or over per week.
L abor L aw s .— Reproductions of various labor laws of the State
appear under this caption.
5929— N o . 63— 06----- 12
510
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
M A SSA C H U SE TT S.
Thirty-fifth Annual Report o f the Bureau o f Statistics o f Labor.
March, 1905.
Charles F. Pidgin, Chief,
xiii, 303 pp.
This report consists of three parts, as follows: Part 1, Actual weekly
earnings, 76 pages; Part II, The causes of higher prices, 50 pages;
Part III, Labor and industrial chronology for the year ending Sep
tember 30, 1904, 159 pages.
A ctual W e e k l y E arnings .— This inquiry was made with the view
of ascertaining the variations between quotations of average weekly
wages based upon a presumed full week’s work at a specified rate per
day and the actual earnings of a workingman. The subject is pre
sented in two sections, the first containing a digest of returns from
members of trade unions and the second composed of comparative
statistics of actual weekly earnings from the books of manufacturers
and other employers of labor.
Each individual return from members of trade unions covered a
week’s work and gave for the workingman his branch of occupation
followed, material worked upon, number of hours worked, rate per
hour, and total weekly earnings. If time had been lost from sickness,
bad weather, lack of stock, or lack of work, the number of hours so
lost was specified. The total hours lost added to the total hours worked
during the week gives the full working time of the week. The returns
from the trade unions are summarized in the following statement:
TOTAL HOURS WORKED, TOTAL HOURS LOST, AND TOTAL WEEKLY EARNINGS DURING
A SPECIFIED NUMBER OF WEEKS FOR CERTAIN SELECTED OCCUPATIONS.
Occupation.
Weeks
consid
ered.
Total
hours
worked.
Total
hours
lost.
Bricklayers..............................
Bricklayers and plasterers ...
Carpenters..............................
Car-shop workers....................
Loom fix e r s.............................
Masons, sto n e.........................
Painters, house........................
Painters and paper hangers..
Paper hangers.........................
Pattern makers........................
Plasterers................................
Printers (typesetters)............
Section hands (worsted mill)
T a ilors.....................................
Wood workers.........................
293
17
403
65
10
10
63
2
9
39
9
1
1
30
20
8,121*
494*
16,461*
3,800
580
349
2,440*
83
424
2,105
343
21
58
1,457
1,028
5,945
321*
2,917*
100
T o ta l..............................
972
37,765*
10,601*
131
583*
13
20
40
89
27
381
33
Total
hours of
Total
weekly
full
working earnings.
time.
14,066* $4,086.99
816
247.25
19,379
5,902.56
3,900
734.65
580
131.37
480
154.10
3,024
811.52
27.74
96
444
153.98
2,145
768.95
432
171.50
48
12.18
58
14.50
1,838
358.20
1,061
304.02
48,367* 13,879.51
REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR---- MASSACHUSETTS.
511
The following recapitulation shows for the 972 weeks considered
the hours worked, the hours lost by cause of loss, and the proportion
each is of the full working time; also the average hours worked and
lost per week:
RECAPITULATION OP HOURS WORKED AND HOURS LOST DURING 972 WEEKS.
Item.
Number 1
: Percent- Average
hours
, of
houT*s. | age.
per week.
Total hours w orked ........................................................................................
Hours lost:
Sickness.....................................................................................................
Bad w eather.............................................................................................
Out of stock ..............................................................................................
Out of w o rk ..............................................................................................
37,765f
78.08
38.9
1,2281
2,491!
1,306!
5,575*
2.54
5.15
2.70
11.53
1.3
2.6
1.3
5.7
T ota l.......................................................................................................
10,6011
21.92
10.9
Total hours of full working t im e ................................................................
48,367|
100.00
49.8
From the above it is seen that the number of hours, full working
time, for the 972 weeks considered, was 48,367-J-, or an average of
49.8 hours per week. The total time worked was 37,765f hours* or
78.08 per cent of full time. The total time lost was 10,601f hours,
or 21.92 per cent of full time. O f time lost, 2.54 per cent was due
to sickness, 5.15 per cent to bad weather, 2.70 per cent to lack of
stock, and 11.53 per cent to lack of work.
The second section of the inquiry, presenting statistics of actual
weekly earnings from the books of manufacturers and other employ
ers of labor, comprised 358 establishments, embracing 694 occupa
tions. O f these establishments 26 were boot and shoe factories and
embraced 166 occupations; 238 builders and building contractors, 105
occupations; 13 cotton mills, 127 occupations; 6 leather factories, 16
occupations; 31 machine shops and machinery builders, 83 occupa
tions; 19 metallic goods makers, 38 occupations; 2 paper mills, 31
occupations; 2 stone workers, 6 occupations; and 21 woolen and
worsted mills, 122 occupations. The wage-earners comprehended in
the returns numbered 44,606, of whom 28,422 were males and 16,184
females.
T he Causes of H igher P rices .— This inquiry, constituting the sec
ond part of the report, contains the opinions of 151 representatives of
the mercantile and manufacturing industries of the State. Letters
of inquiry to the number of 664 were sent out, and in the analysis of
the 151 replies received no attempt was made to prove any particular
point or to sustain any particular position. The closely related ques
tions of wages, earnings, and cost of living were considered only inci
dentally. The 151 persons replying to the letters of inquiry gave 254
opinions as to the causes of high prices. O f these opinions 77, or
30.32 per cent, were to the effect that high prices are caused by
combinations of capital; 117, or 46.06 per cent, that they are due
512
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
to labor combinations, while 60, or 23.62 per cent, attributed existing
conditions to a variety of causes, general in their nature and not
directly attributable to either capital or labor. There were 117 who
made particular reference to certain commodities in their replies, 58
stating higher prices of certain articles, 38 lower prices, and 21 no
advance (remained at same level).
L abor and I ndustrial Chronology . —This chronology for the
year ending September 30, 1904, presents for the different cities and
towns of the State information relative to strikes and lockouts, wages
and hours of labor, trade unions, industrial changes, and working
men’s benefits. A t the end of the chronological presentation is a
reprint of the labor laws enacted in 1904.
During the year covered by the chronology there were 198 labor
disputes in the State, 12 of which were lockouts, and 2 partook of the
nature of both a strike and a lockout. The total number of disputes
showed a decrease of 19 over the preceding year. The greatest num
ber of labor disputes, viz, 30, occurred in the class of textile opera
tives, followed by boot and shoe workers with 21; metal workers, 20;
painters, paper hangers, and decorators, 13, and garment workers,
11. The question of wages was an important factor in 97 of the total
number of strikes and lockouts. A s to results of strikes and lock
outs, 39 succeeded, 29 were compromised, 103 failed (45 where the
men were reinstated and 58 where places were filled), 15 were pending
at the close of the period, and of 12 the results were not reported.
In 119 disputes, involving 19,998 workmen, the total working time
lost was 552,755 days. One of the 15 strikes still pending on Septem
ber 30, 1904, when the report closed, was that of the 26,000 textile
operatives at Fall River, with a total of 1,508,000 working-days lost
up to that time.
The changes in wages and hours of labor during the year showed a
continued tendency for the shorter workday, the nine-hour day being
substituted for the ten-hour without change in wages, and the eighthour for the nine-hour day. The weekly half holiday has become
almost general in the various trades and industries, while the early
closing movement met with more generous response from employers
than formerly.
As compared with previous years, the number of
changes whereby wages were increased was comparatively small, while
the number of reductions in wages recorded was correspondingly less
than in previous years.
The information relative to trade unions gives for the year the new
unions formed, new affiliations, disbanding of old unions, presentation
of new trade agreements, and resolutions passed on certain subjects,
commendatory or otherwise, as might be the case. There were 47
new unions reported for the year, 7 new district councils or alliances
were formed, and 6 unions were disbanded. Considering affiliations
REPORTS OF STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR---- MASSACHUSETTS.
513
with and withdrawals from central bodies, there were 22 affiliations
reported and 6 withdrawals. Appropriations for strikes and assess
ments levied for the aid of striking employees were made by nearly
100 unions. Sick and death benefits were established by 13 unions.
In many unions initiation fees were reduced during some time of the
year, at which period the membership was largely increased.
O f industrial changes during the year, 193 new establishments were
incorporated, with an authorized capital stock of $12,019,000; 81 pri
vate firms were changed to corporations, with an authorized capital
stock of $4,701,300, and there were 34 reorganizations with an author
ized capital stock of $16,507,000, making a total of 308 manufactur
ing establishments incorporated, with an authorized capital stock of
$33,227,300. There were 23 new factories erected, 76 additions to
factories, 8 installations of electric lights, 16 changes in and additions
to product, 68 changes in firms, and 16 firms went out of business.
Six industrial plants came into the State from other States, 11 moved
out of the State, and 16 moved from one part of the State to another.
There were 125 temporary shut-downs, covering 300 weeks; 19 shut
downs of unknown length, and 21 indefinite shut-downs.
Under workingmen’s benefits is recorded the action taken by employ
ers to benefit the condition of their employees or measures taken by
trade unions or employees themselves for the betterment of the social
and industrial condition of the workingmen.
N E W JER SEY.
Twenty-seventh Annual Report of the Bureau o f Statistics o f Labor
and Industries o f New Jersey, for the year ending October SI, 1901^.
W . C. Garrison, Chief,
viii, 617 pp.
The subjects presented in this report are as follows: Statistics of
manufactures, 146 pages; steam railroads, 11 pages; fruit and vegeta
ble canning, 7 pages; cost of living, 17 pages; cash payment of wages
law, 39 pages; iron-ore mining, 12 pages; labor legislation and deci
sions of courts, 34 pages; industrial betterment, 155 pages; labor
chronology, 179 pages.
Statistics of M anufactures .— This presentation of the statistics
of manufactures is based on returns for the years 1902 and 1903,
secured from 1,811 industrial establishments, 1,753 representing 88
specified industries and 58 grouped as unclassified. The facts are set
out in thirteen tables, which show by industries the number of private
firms and corporations and their membership, the amount of capital
invested, value of materials and of products, number of employees,
wages and earnings, daily hours of labor, days in operation each year,
and proportion of business done to total capacity. A special presen
tation is given of the foregoing facts for 1903 for nine principal
514
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
industries. Additional tables show for the year 1903 the aggregate
quantities of specified articles of stock used, with their aggregate cost
value, and the aggregate quantities of specified articles of goods made,
with their aggregate selling value.
Respecting the ownership of the 1,811 identical establishments, the
returns show that, in 1902, 803 were owned by private firms (with
1,408 partners) and 1,008 by corporations (in 1,005 of which were
48,802 stockholders), while in 1903 the ownership had changed to 777
private firms (with 1,358 partners) and 1,034 corporations (in 1,031 of
which were 51,995 stockholders).
In 1903, of the 1,811 establishments 1,810 reported capital invested
at $339,345,417, this being an increase over 1902 of $12,196,601, or
3.7 per cent; 1,803 establishments reported value of materials used at
$326,497,266, this being an increase over 1902 of $27,578,336, or 9.2
per cent, and the same number (1,803) reported value of products at
$554,498,080, this being an increase over 1902 of $52,700,675, or 10.5
per cent. The average number of employees in all establishments in
1903 was 227,841, an increase over 1902 of 9,912, or 4.5 per cent. In
1903 a total of $107,496,757 was paid in wages, being an increase over
1902 of $5,676,419, or 5.6 per cent, and the average yearly earnings
of employees were $471.81, an increase over 1902 of $4.37, or 0.9 per
cent. For the total establishments considered, in 1903 the average
days in operation were 288.78 as compared with 289.70 in 1902, the
average hours worked per day were 9.63 as compared with 9.72 in
1902, and the average percentage of business done of total capacity
was 76.53 as compared with 77.76 in 1902.
The table following presents, by sex, the .total number and the per
cent of persons employed in 1903 in all industries (1,811 establish
ments) at the specified weekly rates of wages:
NUMBER AND PER CENT OF EMPLOYEES OF EACH SEX IN ALL INDUSTRIES (1,811
ESTABLISHMENTS), BY CLASSIFIED WEEKLY RATES OF WAGES, 1903.
i
Classified weekly wages.
Under $5......................................................
$5 or under 66.............................................
66 or under 6 7 ............................................
67 or under 68..........................................
68 or under 69..............................................
69 or under 610............................................
610 or under 612..........................................
$12 or under 615..........................................
615 or under 620..........................................
620 or over...................................................
T o ta l.................................................
Number.
Males.
Females.
Per cent.
Total.
Males.
Females.
Total.
16,182
7,268
8,578
14,602
16,047
25,396
27,707
27,810
29,931
13,063
22,907
11,425
9,513
7,070
4,727
3,121
2,989
1,640
495
76
39,089
18,693
18,091
21,672
20,774
28,517
30,696
29,450
30,426
13,139
8.67
3.90
4.60
7.83
8.60
13.61
14.85
14.90
16.04
7.00
35.81
17.86
14.87
11.06
7.39
4.88
4.68
2.57
.78
.10
15.60
7.46
7.22
8.65
8.30
11.39
12.25
11.75
12.14
5.24
186,584 ,
63,963
250,547
100.00
100.00
100.00
S team R ailroads .— For the year ending June 30, 1904, the 7 rail
roads in the State employed 37,654 persons for an average of 292 days
per person, each working an average of 10.4 hours per day. The
REPOETS OP STATE BUREAUS OF LABOR---- N E W JERSEY.
515
total paid in wages amounted to $22,440,399, the average wages per
day being $2.04 and the yearly earnings per employee $595.96. Four
of the companies reported the number of employees injured during
the year as 1,255. The injuries of 77 resulted in death.
F ruit and V egetable Canning .— In 1903, 43 canneries in opera
tion in the State reported an invested capital of $976,081. They gave
employment to 5,043 work people— 1,891 males and 3,152 females— to
whom were paid in wages a total of $279,171. The selling value of
the product amounted to $1,465,823.
Cost of L ivin g .— This is a continuation of the presentation of pre
vious years, and shows the retail prices of 50 items of food and other
commodities in the principal markets in all counties of the State in the
month of June, 1904. Comparisons with retail prices in 1898 are also
given, showing an increase of 4.84 per cent on the list of articles
presented.
C ash P aym ent of W ages L a w .— The legislature of New Jersey,
at its session in 1899, passed an act which provided that all employees,
except such as may be engaged in agricultural work or as watermen,
should be paid their wages in lawful money of the United States at
least every two weeks. The statute, although general in its applica
tion, was especially aimed at the abuses long existing in the glass and
mining industries of the State, where men engaged in these industries
were paid for their labor in goods supplied out of stores owned by
their employers and seldom received any part of their wages in money.
In 1898 the State bureau of labor made an investigation of the dif
ferences in prices at company stores and at private stores in the same
localities of certain selected articles of table and household use which
were of the same grade and quality at both classes of stores, with the
result that the prices averaged 13.82 per cent higher at the company
than at the private stores. Again, in 1904, the bureau made a similar
investigation of the differences in prices at the two classes of stores,
with the result that the prices averaged but 0.45 per cent higher at the
company than at the private stores, the inquiry showing that the law
for the payment of wages in money had been of material benefit to the
class of workmen that it was designed to help.
Further, it is stated, the cash payment of wages has brought about
a very noticeable change for the better in the relations existing between
the workmen and their employers. # As a result of improved condi
tions manj' boys and girls have been withdrawn from the factories by
their parents and either sent to school or placed in higher lines of
employment. In general, since the enactment of the law the work
man’s financial and social position has been materially advanced, and
without detriment or loss to the employer.
I ron -O re M ining .— This section of the report consists of a review
of the iron ore mining and smelting industries in New Jersey from
51(5
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAlJ OF LABOR.
colonial times down to the present and tabulated statistics for the
years 1895 to 1903. For 1903, 8 mines reported the employment of
1.423 persons, to whom were paid wages aggregating $745,381. The
total paid out in wages in this industry during the nine-year period
1895 to 1903 amounted to $3,212,487. In the smelting industry, 4
furnaces in 1903 reported the employment of 1,204 persons, to whom
were paid wages aggregating $397,321. The total paid out in wages
in this industry during the nine-year period 1895 to 1903 amounted
to $1,692,237.
L abor L egislation and D ecisions of Courts .— This consists of
a reproduction of the labor legislation enacted at the session of 1904
and extracts from recent (1903-4) decisions of the New Jersey courts
on cases affecting the interests of labor.
I ndustrial B etterment .— This part of the report describes in
detail the various industrial betterment institutions now in operation in
New Jersey manufacturing establishments. These betterment insti
tutions established by employers for the benefit of employees com
prise clubrooms, reading rooms, libraries, educational classes,
lectures, recreation halls, gymnasiums, baths, lunch rooms, rest
rooms, profit-sharing schemes, benefit funds, prizes for useful sug
gestions, etc., in fact any institution for improving social and industrial
conditions and raising the general standard of life of the workingpeople. To inquiries sent to 2,000 firms or corporations controlling
manufacturing establishments, 510 replies were received. O f this
number 75 came from firms who were in a position to give valuable
and practical information relating to some one or more of the features
for the betterment of factory life.
^
L abor C hronology .— This record is for the year ending September
30, 1904. During the period there were 521 corporations created,
with the avowed intention of establishing manufacturing plants in New
Jersey* having an aggregate capitalization of $97,038,800; 45 new
buildings were erected and equipped for manufacturing purposes and
21 old plants more or less enlarged; 21 industrial plants (none employ
ing less than 50 persons) were moved into New Jersey from other
States; 9 manufacturing plants were permanently closed and 36 closed
for a considerable period; 111 plants suffered from fire, some being
totally destroyed, the losses of 81 reporting that item amounting to
$2,247,080; weekly wages were increased in 10 manufacturing plants
and decreased in 17; 224 employees were injured while at work, of
which number 25 died from the injuries received; there were 12 new
labor unions established, and 80 strikes of greater or less duration
occurred.
RECENT FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS.
A U ST R IA .
Die Arbeitseinstellungen und Aussperrungen in Osterreich mdhrend des
Jahres 1908. Herausgegeben vom k. k. Arbeitsstatistischen Amte
im Handelsministerium.
486 pp.
This volume contains the tenth annual report of the Austrian Gov
ernment on strikes and lockouts. The information, which is compiled
by the Austrian labor bureau, is given in the form of an anatysis and
seven tables showing: (1) Strikes according to geographical distribu
tion; (2) strikes according to industries; (8) general summary of
strikes; (4) comparative summary of strikes for each of the years 1894
to 1903; (5) summary of strikes for the years 1894 to 1903; (6) details
for each strike in 1903; (7) details for each lockout in 1903. An
appendix gives a brief review of industrial and labor conditions in
Austria, statistics of trade unions, and notes concerning the strikes
and lockouts reported in the preceding pages of the report.
S trikes .— While the number of strikes and the number of estab
lishments affected in 1903 were considerably above the average for the
ten-year period beginning with 1894, the number of strikers was
somewhat below the average for the same period. There were 500,567
days lost by the persons directly affected in 1903 on account of strikes,
or 76.2 per cent more than in the preceding ye&r. During the year
there were 324 strikes, which affected 1,731 establishments and involved
46,215 strikers; 72,244 days were 16st by the 5,245 other employees
thrown out of employment on account of strikes. The strikers repre
sented 60.5 per cent of the total number of employees in the establish
ments affected. The average number of strikers in each strike was
143. O f the total strikers, 88.7 per cent were males and 11.3 per cent
were females. After the strikes 43,783 strikers were reemployed and
1,092 new employees took places formerly occupied by strikers.
517
518
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
The following table shows, by industries, the number of strikes,
establishments affected, strikers and others thrown out of employ
ment, etc., during the year 1903:
S TRIKES, BY INDUSTRIES, 1903.
Strilters.
Industry.
Strikes.
Total
Estab
lish employ
ments.
ees.
Num
ber.
J
1
Others
New
Strikers employ
Per cent thrown
reem
ees
out
of
of total
after
ployed.
employ employ
strikes.
ment.
ees.
!
M in in g ..................................
Stone, glass, china, and
earthen w a r e .....................
Metals and metallic goods..
Machinery and instruments.
Wooden and caoutchouc
goods ..................................
Leather, hides, brushes, and
feathers...............................
Textiles..................................
Paper hanging and uphol
stering ................................
Clothing................................
P aper.....................................
Food products......................
Chemical products...............
Building trades....................
Printing and publishing.. .
Mercantile.............................
Transportation....................
Other industries...................
40
43
22,466
12,341
54.9
429
12,060
69
18
34
13
186
60
13
4,148
5,785
2,076
2,740
2,936
705
66.1
50.8
34.0
787
228
20
2,534
2,743
631
73
105
59
48
361
3,801.
2,846
74.9
87
2,516
9
44
11
48
407
9,632
298
5,220
73.2
54.2
1
38
8
12
2
37
12
4
3
1
1
811
10
26
5
120
12
20
3
1
44
11,232
651
705
108
14,323
318
217
391
54
39
7,946
249
432
107
9,645
179
190
299
43
88.6
70.7
38.2
61.3
99.1
67.3
56.3
87.6
76.5
79.6
Total.............................
324
1,731
76,358
46,215
60.5
!
i
1,106
5
228
3
32
2,239
57
10
14
5,245
265 !
4,778
214
22
84
16
7,874
171
397
90
9,095
104
180
289
40
49
70
27
17
231
53
9
10
43,783
1,092
The wooden and caoutchouc goods industry had the largest number
of strikes (48) in 1903, while the largest number of strikers (12,341)
was in the mining industry. Next in importance with regard to the
number of strikers involved was the group of building trades, with
9,645 persons. O f all the strikers during the year, 47.57 per cent
were engaged in the two last-named groups of industries.
519
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- AUSTRIA
In the presentation of strikes by causes the cause and not the strike
is taken as the unit; and since several causes frequently operate to
bring about one strike, the total obtained by taking into account the
various combinations of causes usually exceeds the number of strikes.
Thus, though there were but 324 strikes in 1903, the number obtained
by taking a total of all strikes originating from the reported causes in
various combinations was 385. The following table shows the causes
of the strikes for 1903, by industries:
CAUSES OF STRIKES, BY INDUSTRIES, 1908.
[Strikes due to two or more causes have been tabulated under each cause; hence the totals for this
table do not agree with those for the preceding table.]
Industry.
For dis
For j
charge Against Against A t t
Against For in change For re of
gam8t Other
fore obnoxobnox disdis iA.
obnox
in
reduc crease
duc men,
Total.
ious charge ious causes.
tion of
of method tion of work treat
of
em
wages. wages. of pay hours. men, ment. ployees. rules.
ment.
etc.
Mining.............................
Stone, glass, china, and
earthen w a r e .............
Metals and metallic
goods ...........................
Machinery and instru
m ents...........................
Wooden and c a o u t
chouc goods ...............
Leather, hides, brushes,
and feathers...............
Textiles...........................
Paper hanging and up
holstering...................
C lothing........................
P ap er.............................
Food p roducts..............
Chemical products.......
Building trades............
Printing and publish
in g ...............................
Mercantile......................
Transportation...............
Other industries.......... .
Total.
41
21
42
16
61
12
48
1
23
3
51
10
13
3
46
6
1
18
2 >.
2 .
2
1
1
1
30
151
12
4
*iV.
61
51
33
520
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
As in previous years, the most frequent causes of strikes were the
demands for increased wages and for reduction of hours. O f the 385
causes of strikes, 151, or 39.22 per cent, were demands for increase of
wages, and 61, or 15.84 per cent, were demands for reduction of hours.
The following table shows the results of strikes, by industries:
RESULTS OF STRIKES, BY INDUSTRIES, 1903.
Strikes.
Industry.
Strikers.
Suc
Suc
Suc
Suc ceeded
Failed. Total. ceeded.
Failed. Total.
ceeded. ceeded
partly.
partly.
Mining.................................................
Stone, glass, china, and earthen
w are.................................................
Metals and metallic goods...............
Machinery and instruments............
Wooden and caoutchouc g ood s.......
Leather, hides, brushes, and feath
ers ....................................................
Textiles...............................................
Paper hanging and upholstering__
C lothing..............................................
P aper...................................................
Food products....................................
Chemical products.............................
Building trades..................................
Printing and publishing...................
Mercantile..........................................
Transportation....................................
Other industries................................
Total..........................................
2
8
30
40
40
6,455
5,846
12,341
1
6
3
13
12
18
3
17
5
10
7
18
18
34
13
48
51
771
446
727
2,505
1,800
106
1,810
184
365
153
309
2,740
2,936
705
2,846
1
5
2
27
141
3,468
25
2
5
1
16
3
2
254
7,475
79
95
64
7,241
27
170
81
1,343
39
217
170
331
43
922
93
20
1
9
44
1
38
8
12
2
37
12
4
3
1
76
409
8
6
12
1
5
6
6
1
12
5
2
43
298
6,220
39
7,946
249
432
107
9,645
179
190
299
43
127
324
31,436
10,159
46,215
1
9
4
3
56
141
6
1,482
59
299
4,620
O f the total number of strikes in 1903,17.3 per cent succeeded, 43.5
per cent succeeded partly, and 39.2 per cent failed. O f the total
number of strikers, 10 per cent were engaged in strikes which suc
ceeded, 68 per cent in strikes which succeeded partly, and 22 per
cent in strikes which failed.
The following table shows the results of the strikes in 1903, accord
ing to their duration:
RESULTS OF STRIKES, BY DURATION, 1903.
Strikes.
Days of duration.
Suc
Suc
Suc ceeded
Suc ceeded
Failed. Total. ceeded.
Failed. Total.
ceeded. partly.
partly.
1 to 5 ...................................................
6 to 10...................................................
11 to 15.................................................
16 to 20.................................................
21 to 25.................................................
26 to 30.................................................
31 to 40.................................................
41 to 50.................................................
51 to 100...............................................
101 or o v e r ..........................................
44
4
3
Total..........................................
Strikers.
67
23
12
5
6
6
3
1
4
175
60
28
9
10
13
5
5
16
3
3,992
78
62
2
1
64
33
13
4
3
7
1
4
10
2
56
141
127
324
1
1
386
38
11,684
2,918
1,873
8,440
230
1,608
717
602
3,284
80
7,019
560
526
621
735
236
113
35
314
22,695
3,556
2,461
9,061
997
1,844
862
637
3,984
118
4,620
31,436
10,159
46,215
32
32
521
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- AUSTRIA.
Strikes during T en Y ears .— The following table shows the num
ber and extent of the strikes in Austria for the period during which
the ministry of commerce has published reports on strikes:
STRIKES, BY YEARS, 1894 TO 1903.
Per cent
Estab
of strik
lish
Strikes. ments
of to Days lost.
af Strikers. ers
tal em
fected.
ployees.
Year.
172
209
305
246
255
311
303
270
264
324
1894...............................................................................
1895...............................................................................
1896...............................................................................
1897...............................................................................
1898...............................................................................
1899...............................................................................
1900...............................................................................
1901..............................................................................
1902...............................................................................
1903...............................................................................
2,542
874
1,499
851
885
1,330
1,003
719
1,184
1,731
67,061
28,652
66,234
38,467
39,658
54,763
105,128
24,870
37,471
46,215
69.47
59.68
65.72
59.03
59.86
60.23
67.29
38.47
43.98
60.52
795,416
300,348
899,939
368,098
323,619
1,029,937
3,483,963
157,744
284,046
500,567
The number of strikes and the number of strikers for each year of
the ten-year periocLare shown, by industries, in the following two tables:
STRIKES, BY INDUSTRIES, 1894 TO 1903.
Year.
;
I
Mining. |
I
Stone,
Metals Machin Wooden
glass,
and
ery and
and
china,
caout Textiles. Building
and
metallic instru
trades.
chouc
earthen goods.
ments.
goods.
ware.
Other.
Total.
1894..............
1895..............
1896..............
1897..............
1898..............
1899..............
1900..............
1901..............
1902..............
1903..............
13
4
11
25
29
26
40
40
63
40
22
29
29
27
27
21
19
29
24
18
23
37
33
26
26
32
26
22
18
34
7
6
14
20
13
24
13
15
15
13
23
38
55
28
28
35
34
27
20
48
34
29
43
28
28
84
56
28
34
44
11
24
42
34
49
33
23
24
22
37
39
42
78
58
65
56
92
85
68
90
172
209
305
246
255
311
303
270
264
324
T o ta l.
‘ 291
245
277
140
336
408
299
663
2,659
STRIKERS, BY INDUSTRIES, 1894 TO 1903.
Year.
|
Stone, I
glass,
Metals Machin Wooden
and
ery
and
china,
and
Mining.
caout Textiles. iBuilding
and
metallic instru
| trades.
chouc
earthen
goods.
ments.
goods.
ware.
1894..............
1895..............
1896..............
1897..............
1898..............
1899..............
1900..............
1901..............
1902..............
1903..............
22,986
626
30,120
3,632
7,046
3,477
78,791
7,496
13,573
12,341
6,415
9,943
3,217
3,053
4,491
2,112
574
1,698
1,819
2,740
2,752
3,694
2,973
1,568
991
2,459
1,977
1,393
741
2,936
194
253
2,058
4,689
2,471
1,356
519
889
1,013
705
T o ta l.
180,088
36,062
21,484
14,147
9,793
2,336
5,972
1,382%
1,318
3,198
1,391
2,925
1,312
2,846
32,473
Other.
Total.
6,317
4,085
9,791
11,275
3,171
30,249
12,010
2,675
2,599
5,220
14,975
5,361
5,434
4,995
13,961
7,842
4,849
3,214
10,476
9,645
3,629
2,354
6,669
7,873
6,209
4,070
5,017
4,580
5,938
9,782
67,061
28,652
66,234
38,467
39,658
54,763
105,128
24,870
37,471
46,215
87,392
80,752
56,121
508,519
522
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
The causes of strikes for the ten-year period are shown in the fol
lowing table, the cause and not the strike being made the unit:
CAUSES OF STRIKES, 1894 TO 1903.
[Strikes due to two or more causes have been tabulated under each cause; hence the totals for this
table do not agree with those for the preceding tables.]
Year.
For
Against For in change For re
meth duction
reducof inod
1 tion of crease
of
wages. wages.
pay of hours.
ment.
I
1
1894............ i!
1895............ !1
1896............ |
1897 ............ i
1898............ ;!
1899............ i
1900............
1901............
1902............
1903............
23 i!
19
28
26
33
29
26
28
28
30
53 !i
89
140
116
124
143
152
116
127
151
270 | 1,211
Total.
5
6
8
7
8
5
6
7
7
6
19
31
67
47
54
73
69
46
52
61
65
519
For dis
charge Against Against Against
dis
of fore obnox
Other
men,
ious
charge obnox
ious
causes. Total.
work
treat
of em
men,
ment. ployees. rules.
1
etc.
i
1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
1
12
5
35
16
31
199
22
2
31
8
37
245
32
5
12
40
34
366
26
32
18
13
45
330
36
20
29
9
39
352
17
5
40
18
40
370
13
10
36
14
379
53
4
28
36
15
33
313
2
9
37
25
323
36
2
15
36
51
33
385
224
57
374
161
381
3,262
1
The following table shows, for both strikes and strikers, during each
year of the period, the results expressed in percentages:
RESULTS OF STRIKES, 1894 TO 1903.
Strikes.
Year.
1894...........................
1895...........................
1896 ...........................
1897...........................
1898...........................
1899 ...........................
1900...........................
1901...........................
1902...........................
1903 ...........................
Total...............
Strikers.
Per cent j Per cent Per cent
Per cent Per cent Per cent
Number.
Number.
succeed
sue- j succeed
suc
ceeded. (ed partly. failed.
ceeded. ed partly. failed.
i
9.2
172
67,061
25.0 1
27.9
47.1
37.3
53.5
28,652
12.8
60.7
209
26.8
24.9
48.3
26.6
36.4
4.6
305
21.0
42.6
66,234
62.8
32.6
15.7
246
17.5
37.0
45.5
38,467
47.8
36.5
41.2
8.4
66.4
25.2
255
18.8
40.0
39,658
10.2
72.0
17.8
311
15.4
45.0
39.6 ! 54,763
20.2
34.9 ! 105,128
85.5
9.8
44.9
4.7
303
47.8
32.1
43.0 i 24,870
20.1
270
20.7
36.3
13.8
52.7
33.5
264
39.0
19.7
41.3 » 37,471
10.0
22.0
324
17.3
43.5
39.2 ' 46,215
68.0
2,659
19.8
38.6
41.6
j
508,519
9.3
63.2
27.5
L ockouts.— There were 8 lockouts reported in 1903, 1 each being
due to the arbitrary reduction of hours on Saturday by the employees,
to the refusal of employees to accede to a reduction of wages, to
insubordination to the superintendent, to the refusal of employees to
subscribe to shop rules, to the demand for concessions similar to those
obtained by strikers, while 3 were undertaken to force strikers in
other departments to resume work.
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- AUSTRIA.
523
The following table contains statistics of lockouts for the period
1894 to 1903:
LOCKOUTS, BY YEARS, 1894 TO 1903.
Lock
outs.
Year.
1894.................................................................................
1895.................................................................................
1896.................................................................................
1897.................................................................................
1898.................................................................................
1899.................................................................................
1900.................................................................................
1901.................................................................................
1902.................................................................................
1903.................................................................................
Per cent
of per
Estab
Persons sons
lock
lishments locked ed out
of
involved.
out.
total em
ployees.
Persons
locked
out and
reem
ployed.
8
10
11
17
211
12
2,317
5,445
1,712
51.2
79.5
54.4
2,183
4,589
1,647
5
10
3
8
8
38
58
3
9
71
3,457
4,036
302
1,050
1,S34
60.9
75.8
70.4
49.9
51.8
3,448
3,703
302
1,003
905
FRAN CE.
Statistique des Greves et des Recours a la Conciliation et a VArbitrage
Survenm Pendant VAnnee 190l^. Direction du Travail, Ministere
du Commerce, de PIndustrie, des Postes et des T616graphes.
778 pp.
xix,
The present volume is the fourteenth of a series of annual reports
on strikes and conciliation and arbitration issued by the French labor
bureau. The information is presented in the same form as in previous
reports.
Strikes .— During the year 1904 there were 1,026 strikes, involving
17,250 establishments, 271,097 strikers, and 37,943 other persons thrown
out of work on account of strikes. O f the strikers, 223,930 were men,
37,942 were women, and 9,225 were children. The strikes caused a
total loss of 3,227,537 working days by strikers and 707,347 by other
employees thrown out of work, or a total of 3,934,884 working days.
In 1903 there were 567 strikes, in which 123,151 strikers were involved
and 11,268 other employees were thrown out of work, causing an
aggregate loss of 2,441,944 working days. While the number of
strikes occurring during 1904 was nearly double that of the preceding
year, it should be observed that the increase was confined mainly to
strikes of short duration, 672 strikes, or 65.5 per cent of the total
number occurring in 1904, lasting one week or less, and of these 195
lasted only one day or less. The average number of days lost per
striker in 1903 was 18, while in 1904 the average was reduced to 12.
524
BULLETIN OF THE BUBEAU OF LABOB.
O f the 1,026 strikes in 1904, 640 involved but 1 establishment each,
113 involved from 2 to 5 establishments, 63 from 6 to 10 establish
ments, 92 from 11 to 25 establishments, 51 from 26 to 50 establish
ments, and 33 from 51 to 100 establishments. O f the remaining strikes
31 involved over 100 establishments each, and for 3 the number of
establishments could not be ascertained. In 770 strikes, all or a part
of the striking employees were organized. The employers were
found to be organized in 373 strikes. Twenty workingmen’s unions
and 4 employers’ associations were organized during the progress of
or immediately following strikes. In 39 strikes regular aid was given
by labor organizations to their striking members.
O f the 1,026 strikes, 297, or 28.9 per cent, involving 53,555 strikers,
succeeded; 394 strikes, or 38.4 per cent, involving 168,034 strikers,
succeeded partly”, and 335 strikes, or 32.7 per cent, involving 49,508
strikers, failed. The percentage of strikers involved in the three
classes of strikes were 19.7 per cent, 62.0 per cent, and 18.3 per cent,
respectively. In 598 strikes, the striking employees were time work
ers, while in 238 they worked by the piece, and in the remaining 190,
by both time and piece.
The two tables following show by groups of industries the number
of strikes, strikers, and establishments involved, according to the results
of strikes; also the days of work lost by all employees, and the number
of strikers per 1,000 working people in each group of industries:
STRIKES AND ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, BY GROUPS OF INDUSTRIES AND
RESULTS, 1904.
Succeeded.
Industry.
Strikes.
Agriculture, forestry, and fish
eries ..........................................
M in in g .........................................
Q uarrying....................................
Food products.............................
Chemicals.....................................
Paper and printing....................
Hides and le a th e r......................
Textiles........................................
Clothing, cleaning, e t c ..............
Wood working.............................
Building (w o o d w o rk )...............
Metal refining.............................
Metal w orking.............................
Precious-metal work...................
Stone, earthenware, glass, etc..
Building (stone, tile, excavat
ing, roofing, etc., w o r k ).........
Transportation and handling...
Total....................................
Succeeded
partly.
Failed..
Total.
Estab
Estab
Estab
Estab
lish Strikes. lish Strikes. lish Strikes.
lish
ments.
ments.
ments.
ments.
76
4
.4
11
4
6
13
38
1
13
5
2
29
2
10
3,289
4
8
371
4
6
73
76
1
103
63
2
124
2
51
59
5
9
14
8
10
11
80
4
16
8
7
34
23
22
57
86
842
42
64
297
5,105
394
54
14
7
5
11
9
16
23
63
8
14
1
3
41
1
13
172
7
5
278
11
108
99
89
8
17
1
3
77
1
16
149
16
18
36
21
32
47
181
13
43
14
12
104
3
46
10,860
16
26
1,282
32
185
254
574
15
291
184
14
319
3
121
633
1,185
41
65
179
149
105
186
898
2,176
10,925
335
1,220
1,026
17,250
7,399
5
13
633
17
71
82
409
6
171
120
9
118
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- FRANCE
S T R IK E R S A N D
DAYS OF W O R K
525
LO ST B Y A L L E M P L O Y E E S T H R O W N O U T O F W O R K B Y
S T R I K E S I N 1904, B Y G R O U P S O F IN D U S T R I E S .
S trik ers in strik es
w h ic h —
In d u str y .
Su c
ce e d e d .
S u c
ceeded
p a rtly .
Strikers D a y s o f
per 1,000 w o r k lo st
w o r k in g b y a ll e m
T o ta l
p e o p le
p lo y e e s
strikers.
in e a c h
th r o w n
F a ile d .
in d u s
ou t of
tr y . (a)
w ork .
2,581
2,3 0 2
1 ,105
1 ,240
484
7,523
2 ,792
1 ,844
13,825
537
398
2
397
2 ,898
6
614
52,333
2 ,932
5,1 2 4
4 ,086
10,859
5 ,358
7,506
76,293
1,103
3 ,976
1,033
2 ,9 0 0
10,906
43
3 ,713
1 5 .63
1 8 .84
92.17
6 .8 0
102.34
4 4.36
44.41
119.76
2 .5 2
17.68
(*>)
52 .0 4
26.25
0 .2 1
2 5.50
257,735
72,918
93,484
16,036
26,761
66,820
1 16,979
1 ,6 3 7 ,7 7 9
31,958
71,118
21,865
41,188
89,228
389
142,731
5,988
47,760
4 ,942
8 ,599
13,639
69,293
c 2 8 .21
110.89
148,397
1 ,0 9 9 ,4 9 8
168,034
4 9,508
271,097
d 5 1.02
3,934, £84
A g r ic u ltu r e , fo restry , a n d fish e r ie s...........................
M i n i n g ..........................................................................................
Q u a r r y in g ....................................................................................
F o o d p r o d u c t s ...........................................................................
C h e m i c a l s ...................................................................................
P a p er a n d p r i n t i n g ...............................................................
H id e s a n d l e a t h e r .................................................................
T e x t ile s ..........................................................................................
C lo th in g , c le a n in g , e t c ......................................................
W o o d w o r k in g ............................................................. .............
B u ild in g ( w o o d w o r k ) .........................................................
M e ta l r e f i n i n g ..........................................................................
M e ta l w o r k in g ..........................................................................
P r e c io u s-m e ta l w o r k .............................................................
S to n e , e a r th e n w a r e , gla ss, e t c ......................................
B u ild in g (sto n e , tile , e x c a v a t in g , roofin g , e tc .,
w o r k ) ..........................................................................................
T r a n sp o r ta tio n a n d h a n d l i n g .......................................
18,841
460
330
986
1,615
258
1,040
7,916
130
1,080
245
243
4 ,2 1 3
37
518
31,190
1,367
3,5 5 4
2 ,616
1,721
2 ,308
4,622
54,552
436
2 ,498
786
2 ,260
3 ,795
2,709
12,934
T o t a l...................................................................................
53,555
o B a se d o n th e c e n su s o f 1896.
b I n c lu d e d i n b u ild in g (sto n e , tile , e x c a v a t in g , roofin g, e tc ., w o r k ) .
c I n c lu d in g b u ild in g ( w o o d w o r k ).
d B a se d o n th e to ta l n u m b e r o f in d u str ia l w o r k in g p e o p le in F r a n c e .
5929—No. 63—06----- 13
526
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
O f the IT groups of industries above shown, 3, namely, textiles, trans
portation and handling, and agriculture, forestry, and fisheries together
furnished more than 50 per cent of the total number of strikes during
the year. W ith regard to the number of strikers, these 3 groups fur
nished slightly more than 73 per cent. The principal data as* to strikes
are shown by causes in the two tables following:
S T R I K E S , B Y C A U S E S A N D R E S U L T S , 1904.
[S trik es d u e to tw o or m o r e cau ses h a v e b e e n ta b u la te d u n d e r e a c h ca u se ; h e n c e th e to ta ls for th is
ta b le d o n o t agre e w ith th o se fo r th e p r e c e d in g ta b le s.]
Succeeded.
C ause or o b je c t.
S T R IK E R S
T o ta l.
S trik es.
E sta b
lish
m e n ts.
Strik es.
9,276
54
169
17
937
17
591
59
14,487
142
37
5,266
53
866
192
10,309
19
329
39
420
119
1 ,2 0 4
9
8
173
321
30
27
166
530
53
45
392
1 ,331
407
9
601
24
186
64
1 ,1 9 4
159
3
64
13
57
26
280
1 ,123
18
3 ,228
70
81
127
4 ,432
3 ,080
2
22
48
58
675-
117
2
3 ,803
2
2
3
2
14
4
17
13
44
101
1 ,0 1 5
22
279
18
106
157
1 ,9 1 3
S trik e s.
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts.
4 ,2 7 4
71
252
23
102
4 ,177
61
455
14
10
53
480
31
10
39
37
2
S trikes.
170
19
F o r in c r e a se o f w a g e s .....................
A g a in s t r e d u c tio n o f w a g e s ____
F o r r e d u c tio n o f h o u rs o f la b o r
w it h p r e se n t o r in c r e a se d
w a g e s .....................................................
R e la t in g to t im e a n d m e t h o d o f
p a y m e n t , e t c ., o f w a g e s ............
F o r or a g a in s t m o d ific a tio n o f
c o n d itio n s o f w o r k .......................
A g a in s t p ie c e w o r k ...........................
F o r or a g a in st m o d ific a tio n o f
sh o p r u le s ...........................................
F o r a b o litio n o r r e d u c tio n o f
f i n e s .......................................................
A g a in s t d isc h a r g e or for r e in '
s t a t e m e n t o f w o r k m e n , fo re
m e n , or su p e r in te n d e n ts .........
F o r d isc h a r g e o f w o r k m e n , fore
m e n , o r su p e r in te n d e n ts .........
A g a in s t e m p lo y m e n t o f w o m e n
F o r lim it a t io n o f n u m b e r o f a p
p r e n t ic e s ................ .............................
R e la t in g to d e d u c tio n s fr o m
w a g e s fo r su p p o rt o f in su r
a n c e a n d a id f u n d s .....................
O th e r c a u s e s .........................................
F a ile d .
S u c c e e d e d p a r tly .
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts .
5
40
56
619
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts.
A N D D A Y S O F W O R K L O S T B Y A L L E M P L O Y E E S T H R O W N O U T O F WTO R K
BY
S T R I K E S I N 1904, B Y C A U S E S .
[S trik es d u e to t w o or m o r e cau ses h a v e b e e n ta b u la te d u n d e r e a c h ca u se ; h e n c e th e to ta ls fo r th is
ta b le d o n o t a g r e e w ith th o se fo r th e p r e c e d in g ta b le s.]
Strikers in strik es w h ic h —
C ause or o b je c t.
F o r in cre a se o f w a g e s ...............................................................................
A g a in s t r e d u c tio n o f w a g e s ..................................................................
F o r r e d u c tio n o f h o u rs o f la b o r w it h p r e se n t o r in c r e a se d
w a g e s ...............................................................................................................
R e la t in g to t im e a n d m e t h o d o f p a y m e n t , e t c ., o f w a g e s .
F o r o r a g a in s t m o d ific a tio n o f c o n d itio n s o f w o r k ..............
A g a in s t p i e c e w o r k ......................................................................................
F o r o r a g a in s t m o d ific a tio n o f sh o p r u l e s ..................................
F o r a b o litio n o r r e d u c tio n o f f i n e s ..................................................
A g a in s t d isc h a r g e o r fo r r e in s ta te m e n t o f w o r k m e n ,
fo r e m e n , or s u p e r in t e n d e n t s ...........................................................
F o r d isc h a r g e o f w o r k m e n , fo r e m e n , or su p e r in te n d e n ts .
A g a in s t e m p l o y m e n t , o f w o m e n
..............................................
F o r lim it a t io n o f n u m b e r o f a p p r e n tic e s .....................................
R e la t in g to d e d u c tio n s fr o m w a g e s fo r su p p o r t o f in su r
a n c e a n d a id f u n d s ................
....................................................
O th e r c a u s e s ....................................................................................................
D ays of
w o r k lo st
b y a ll e m
T o ta l
p lo y e e s
strik ers.
F a ile d .
th ro w n
ou t of
w ork.
Su c
ceeded.
S u c
ceeded
p a r tly .
29,871
6 ,4 3 0
138,994
2 ,9 3 3
15,856
6,121
184,721
15,484
3 ,1 4 0 ,2 1 2
210,941
22,241
1 0 ,618
2 ,3 3 6
2 ,0 6 5
7 ,589
4 ,5 2 3
43,657
3 ,6 4 7
2 ,5 5 8
2 ,8 9 1
6 ,183
487
3 3,834
19,966
8 ,2 1 2
5 ,856
5 ,047
11,902
99,732
34,231
13,106
10,812
18,819
16,912
1 ,5 8 4 ,8 1 4
511,419
173,462
152,694
383,571
203,088
9 ,6 6 8
15,933
45
41
39,022
10,121
2 0 ,669
37,554
69,659
63,608
45
253
1 ,4 7 2 ,0 1 0
935,596
228
14,353
1 0,314
2 0,310
11,161
35,895
110,748
351,004
847
9,7 0 9
212
5 ,8 7 6
527
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS— FRANCE.
The most frequent causes of strikes during the year were wage dis
putes, the demands for increased wages, alone or in conjunction with
other demands, haying figured in 591 strikes (58 per cent of the total
number of strikes for the year) involving 184,721 strikers (68 per cent
of the total number of strikers), and causing a loss of 3,140,212 work
ing-days, which includes days lost by persons other than strikers
who were thrown out of employment on account of strike. O f these
demands, 170 were successful for 29,871 strikers, 252 partly success
ful for 138,994 strikers, and 169, involving 15,856 strikers, failed.
The next two tables show, respectively, the results of strikes by dura
tion and the duration and results of strikes by number of strikers
involved.
STRIKES AND STRIKERS, BY DURATION OF STRIKES AND RESULTS, 1904.
Strikers.
Strikes.
Days of duration.
Suc
Suc ceeded
Failed. Total.
ceeded. partly.
Suc
ceeded
partly.
Suc
ceeded.
Failed.
Total.
7 or under...............................
8 to 15.....................................
16 to 80...................................
31 to 100..................................
101 or o v e r ....... .....................
240
28
20
9
220
74
50
47
3
212
56
32
32
3
672
158
102
88
6
41,282
3,901
6,553
1,869
35,601
23,700
27,041
80,324
1,368
21,155
14,720
9,511
3,733
389
97,988
42,321
43,105
85,926
1,757
Total.............................
297
394
335
1,026
53,555
168,034
49,508
271,097
STRIKES IN WHICH EACH CLASSIFIED NUMBER OF STRIKERS WERE INVOLVED, BY
RESULTS AND DURATION, 1904.
Strikes.
Strikers involved.
Strikes which lasted—
Suc
7 days 8 to 15 16 to 30 31 to 100 101
Suc
Failed. Total.
or
or
ceeded. ceeded
days.
days. days
partly.
under. days.
over.
25 or un der...........................
26 to 5 0 ..................................
51 to 100................................
101 to 200...............................
201 to 500 ...............................
501 to 1,000.............................
1,001 or o v e r ..........................
50
56
72
50
50
12
7
59
67
77
78
70
22
21
Ill
74
54
49
31
11
5
220
197
203
177
151
45
33
151
140
151
111
88
21
10
36
27
29
27
26
5
8
20
18
12
19
17
10
6
13
10
11
20
17
8
9
T o ta l...........................
297
394
335
1,026
672
158
102
88
2
3
1
6
528
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
It will be observed that the percentage of successful strikes is great
est in the case of those which had a duration of 7 days or less, or 35.71
per cent, while for those which continued for more than 30 days less
than 10 per cent terminated favorably to the strikers. In the classes
8 to 15 days, and 16 to 30 days, the percentages of successful strikes
are 17.72 and 19.61, respectively. The following table gives a sum
mary of the most important strike statistics for each of the years 1891
to 1901:
STATISTICS OF STRIKES, BY YEARS, 1894 TO 1904.
Year.
1894.........
1895.........
1896.........
1897 .........
1898.........
1899.........
1900.........
1901.........
1902.........
1903........
1904.........
Strikes.
391
405
476
356
368
739
902
523
512
567
1,026
Estab
lish
ments.
1,731
1,298
2,178
2,568
1,967
4,288
10,253
6,970
1,820
3,246
17,250
Strikers in strikes
Aggre
Strikes which—
which—
gate days
of work
Strikers^ lost by em
Suc
Suc
ployees
Suc
Suc
ceeded Failed. ceeded. ceeded Failed.
thrown out ceeded. partly.
partly.
of work.
54,576
45,801
49,851
68,875
82,065
176,772
222,714
111,414
212,704
123,151
271,097
1,062,480
617,469
644,168
780,944
1,216,306
3,550,734
3,760,577
1,862,050
4,675,081
2,441,944
3,934,884
84
100
117
68
75
180
205
114
111
122
297
129
117
122
122
123
282
360
195
184
222
394
178
188
237
166
170
277
337
214
217
223
335
12,897
8,565
11,579
19,838
10,594
21,131
24,216
9,364
23,533
12,526
53,555
•24,784
20,672
17,057
28,767
32,546
124,767
140,358
44,386
160,820
89,736
168,034
16,895
16,564
21,215
20,270
38,925
30,874
58,140
57,664
28,351
20,889
49,508
Conciliation and A rbitration .— During the year 1901 recourse
to the law of December 27, 1892, in regard to the conciliation and
arbitration (a) of labor disputes was had in 217 disputes. In 9 cases
recourse was had to the law before cessation of work had occurred,
in 2 of which the demands of the employees were acceded to and in 1
cases a compromise effected. In 1 case the employers refused the
offer of conciliation, and a strike was declared. In the remaining 2
cases committees of conciliation were formed, but in neither case was
a strike averted. The number of disputes in which the application of
the law was requested in 1901 is equal to 21.07 per cent of the number
of strikes that actually occurred during the year. During the preceding
eleven-year period such recourse was had in a number of disputes, equal
to 23.91 per cent of the total strikes for the period. Requests for the
application of the law during 1901 were made by employees in 115
disputes, by employers in 10 disputes, and by employees and employ
ers united in 6 disputes. In the other 116 disputes in which recourse
was had to the law the initiative was taken by justices of the peace.
A s for results, it was found that 1 strikes had terminated by agree
ment between employers and employees before committees of concilia
tion were formed. The offer of conciliation was rejected in 79 of the
213 remaining disputes, the rejection coming from employers in 68
« F o r the provisions'of this law see Bulletin of the Department of Labor, No. 25,
pp. 854-856.
529
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- FRANCE.
cases, from the employees in 6 cases, and from both employers and
employees in 5 cases. In 13 of the 79 cases in which conciliation was
rejected the dispute was terminated on the employees withdrawing
their demands or accepting concessions previously offered, while in
the 66 other cases strikes were declared or continued.
Committees of conciliation were constituted for the settlement of the
remaining 164 disputes.
One hundred and eight of these disputes
were settled directly by such committees, and of the 56 disputes
remaining 8 were settled by arbitration and 8 were settled by the par
ties themselves, after having appeared without success before commit
tees of conciliation.
Strikes were declared or continued after the
failure of conciliation and arbitration in the 40 remaining disputes.
The following is a summary statement in regard to disputes in which
recourse was had to the law concerning conciliation and arbitration
during 1904 and for the preceding eleven years, taken collectively:
SUMMARY OF CASES IN WHICH RECOURSE WAS HAD TO THE LAW CONCERNING
CONCILIATION AND ARBITRATION, 1893 TO 1903 AND 1904.
Item.
1893 to
1903.
. 1904.
Total number of strikes...................................................................................................
Disputes in which recourse was had to the law of 1892..............................................
a 5,867
1,405
1,026
247
Disputes settled:
Before the creation of committees of conciliation...............................................
After refusal of request for c o n ciliation ................................................................
Directly by committees of conciliation..................................................................
By arbitration . . : .......................................................................................................
Directly by the parties, after having had recourse to conciliation.....................
686
69
c354
54
33
4
13
108
8
8
Total cases settled through the application of the law ................. - ................
<*595
«142
Strikes resulting or continuing:
After refusal of request for conciliation..................................................................
After failure of recourse to conciliation and arbitration.....................................
467
342
66
40
Total cases of failure after application of the law ............................................
809
/105
a The number of strikes reported for 1893 to 1902 was 5,307. Adding the number reported for 1903, or
567 strikes, gives 5,874. The figures are given, however, as found in the report for 1904.
6 The sum of items given in previous reports is 87. The number is here given as found in the report
for 1904.
c The sum of items given in previous reports is 355, involving 352 disputes, inasmuch as in 3 cases
two committees were formed, thus causing a duplication in the count. The number is here given as
found in the report for 1904.
<*The sum of items is 596, but figures are given as found in the report for 1904.
eThe sum of items is 141, but figures are given as found in the report for 1904.
/T h e sum of items is 106, but figures are given as found in the report for 1904.
The above summary shows that of 247 disputes considered in 1904,
142 were settled directly or indirectly through the application of the
law of 1892, and in the case of 105 the recourse to the law proved
fruitless. O f the 142 disputes settled, 32 were favorable to the de
mands of the employees, 95 resulted in a compromise, and 15 were
unfavorable to the employees. In the 105 disputes which continued
after the failure of attempts at conciliation and arbitration the em
ployees succeeded in 12, partly succeeded in 42, and failed in 51 cases.
530
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
GERM ANY.
Streiks und Aussperrungen im Jahre 1901^.
lichen Statistischen Amt.
Bearbeitet im Kaiser-
449 pp.
This is the sixth annual report on strikes and lockouts issued by the
German imperial statistical bureau. The report contains analyses and
summaries of the strikes and lockouts in 1904, Copies of schedules of
inquiry, a discussion of the methods pursued in different countries in
the collection and compilation of strike data, and tables showing in
detail, by locality and industry for each dispute, the duration, estab
lishments affected, total number of employees, strikers and others
thrown out of employment, causes, results, manner of settlement, etc.
The data relate to disputes ending in 1904.
S t r i k e s . — During 1904 there were 1,870 strikes reported, affecting
10,321 establishments. Operations were completely suspended in 2,101
establishments. O f a total of 273,364 employees in the establishments
affected, 113,480 participated in the strikes and 6,788 others were
thrown out of employment on account of them.
The following table shows the results of the strikes in 1904:
RESULTS OF STRIKES, 1904.
[The column headed “ Strikers” shows the maximum number of strikers at any time during strike.]
Result of strikes.
Strikes.
Total em
Establish ployees in
establish
ments
affected.
ments
affected.
Strikers.
Others
thrown out
of work.
Succeeded.....................................................
Succeeded p artly.........................................
F ailed...........................................................
449
688
733
1,072
6,726
2,523
40,596
128,197
104,569
16,566
62,321
34,593
1,861
2,360
2,567
T ota l...................................................
1,870
10,321
273,364
113,480
6,788
The number of strikes that failed was 39.2 of the total, while the
proportion of persons participating in unsuccessful strikes was 30.5
per cent of the total number of strikers. Only 14.6 per cent of the
strikers, representing 10.4 per cent of the establishments affected,
were engaged in successful strikes.
531
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- GERMANY
The following table shows, by principal groups of industries, the
number and results of strikes, the number of establishments and
strikers involved, and the number of other employees thrown out of
work on account of strikes during the year 1904:
SUMMARY OF STRIKES, BY GROUPS OF INDUSTRIES, 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ S tr ik e r s ” sh o w s t h e m a x im u m n u m b e r o f strik ers a t a n y tim e d u r in g s trik e.]
S trik e s w h ic h —
T o ta l
strikes.
I n d u str y .
M in in g , s m e ltin g , salt, a n d p e a t e x t r a c tio n .
S to n e w o r k a n d e a r t h e n w a r e ..................................
M e t a l w o r k ...........................................................................
M a c h in e r y , to o ls, a n d in s tr u m e n ts .....................
C h e m ic a ls .............................................................................
F o r e str y p r o d u c ts, lig h t in g m a te r ia ls , a n d
v a r n is h e s ...........................................................................
T e x t i l e s .................................................................................
P a p e r ................................ , .....................................................
L e a t h e r .................................................................................
W o o d e n w a r e a n d c a r v e d g o o d s ............................
F o o d p r o d u c ts ....................................................................
C lo th in g a n d c l e a n i n g ................................................
B u ild in g t r a d e s ...............................................................
P r in tin g a n d p u b l i s h i n g ...........................................
P a in tin g , sc u lp tu r e , d e c o r a tio n , a n d artistic
w o r k ...................................................................... .............
C o m m e r c ia l e m p l o v m e n t .........................................
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ____*........................................................
T o t a l ...........................................................................
Suc
S u c
c e e d e d F a ile d .
ceeded.
p a r tly .
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts .
S trik
ers.
O th e r
em
p lo y e e s
th ro w n
ou t of
w ork.
20
95
153
76
24
3
20
36
8
5
10
34
50
33
7
7
41
67
35
12
23
251
734
164
27
5 ,196
6,511
8 ,4 3 8
5 ,9 7 8
1 ,5 8 4
2
29
21
37
395
74
72
742
23
5
2
13
114
18
17
182
3
1
11
6
8
154
29
29
265
5
1
13
13
16
127
27
26
295
15
2
33
86
279
1 ,2 0 4
2 ,7 3 0
366
4 ,1 1 8
32
138
3 ,159
2 ,1 4 4
926
13,395
7 ,746
3,596
49,615
569
4
48
55
2
9
12
1
21
24
1
18
19
35
108
129
102
1 ,2 8 8
3 ,095
76
1,870
449
688
733
10,321
113,480
6,788
281
958
727
255
514
11
206
39
17
3,697
7
The group of “building trades, as in previous years, had the largest
number of strikes, strikers, and establishments affected, 49,615, or
43.7 per cent, of all the strikers during 1904 being persons engaged in
this industry. O f the building-trades strikes 39.7 per cent were fail
ures. Next in importance with regard to the number of persons
involved were the groups of wooden ware and carved goods, of metal
work, and of food products. These four groups included 69.8 per
cent of all strikers.
The next two tables show, respectively, the results of strikes accord
ing to their duration and according to the number of strikers involved:
S U M M A R Y O F S T R I K E S , B Y D U R A T I O N , 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ S tr ik e r s ” sh o w s th e m a x im u m n u m b e r o f strik ers a t a n y t im e d u r in g strik e.]
Strik es w h ic h —
D a y s o f d u r a tio n .
T o ta l
strik es.
S u c
ceeded.
Su c
ceeded
p a r tly .
F a ile d .
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts.
Strikers.
O th e r
em
p lo y e e s
th r o w n
o u t of
w o rk .
L e ss th a n 1 ...........................................
1 to 5 ......................... ...............................
6 to 1 0 .............. ........................................
11 to 2 0 ....................................................
21 to 3 0 ....................................................
31 to 5 0 ....................................................
51 to 1 0 0 ..................................................
101 or o v e r .............................................
166
674
258
279
156
132
120
85
56
237
56
57
26
8
8
1
34
213
95
132
70
56
53
35
76
224
107
90
60
68
59
49
228
1,167
938
3 ,526
1,2 2 4
747
1 ,566
925
5,181
30,640
11,675
19,333
12,920
9,398
13,995
10,338
233
2 ,409
973
599
707
317
918
632
T o t a l ...........................................
1,870
449
688
733
10,321
113,480
6,788
532
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
S U M M A R Y O F S T R I K E S , B Y N U M B E R O F S T R I K E R S I N V O L V E D , 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ S tr ik e r s ” sh o w s th e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f strik e rs a t a n y t im e d u r in g str ik e .]
S trik es w h ic h —
T o ta l
strikes.
S trik e rs in v o lv e d .
Su c
ceeded.
S u c
ceeded
p a r tly .
F a ile d .
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts.
Strikers.
O th e r
em
p lo y e e s
th r o w n
out of
w ork.
2 to 5 ........................................................
6 to 1 0 ........................................... - ____
11 to 2 0 ....................................................
21 to 3 0 ....................................................
31 to 5 0 ....................................................
51 to 1 0 0 ..................................................
101 to 2 0 0 ................................................
201 to 5 0 0 ................................................
501 or o v e r .............................................
176
281
426
266
232
251
137
74
27
47
72
124
68
51
61
18
7
1
30
69
127
104
106
113
79
40
20
99
140
175
94
75
77
40
27
6
192
326
698
520
630
1,474
1 ,349
1,3 9 4
3,7 3 8
679
2,2 2 3
6 ,430
6 ,758
9,1 3 2
18,175
19,259
22,471
28,353
49
431
482
283
976
1 ,3 4 7
1 ,2 2 8
1 ,3 8 0
612
T o t a l ...........................................
1 ,8 7 0
449
688
733
10,321
113,480
6 ,7 8 8
The following table shows the results of strikes in 190±, by causes
or objects:
S T R I K E S , B Y C A U S E S A N D R E S U L T S , 1904.
[Strikes d u e to tw o or m o r e cau ses h a v e b e e n ta b u la te d u n d e r e a c h cau se; h e n c e th e to ta ls for th is
ta b le d o n o t ag re e w ith th o se for th e p r e c e d in g ta b le s.]
Strikes which—
Total
strikes.
Cause or object.
Against reduction o f wages...........................................................
For increase of w ages................................................................
For extra rate for overtime...........................................................
For extra pay for secondary w ork...............................................
Other causes affecting wages........................................................
Against increase of hours...............................................................
For reduction of hours..................................................................
For abolition or limitation o f overtime w o r k ...........................
For reduction of hours on Saturday............................................
For regular h ou rs...........................................................................
Other causes affecting hours of labor..........................................
For change in method of payment..............................................
Against change in method oi payment.......................................
For reinstatement of discharged employees...............................
For discharge or against employment of certain persons.........
For discharge of foremen, e t c ......................................................
Against being compelled to work on holidays...........................
For better sanitary conditions, e t c ..............................................
Against use of material from establishment in which strike
was pending.................................................................................
For better treatm ent.....................................................................
For recognition of committee of employees...............................
For adoption, retention, or change of wage scale.....................
Other causes.....................................................................................
Suc
ceeded.
90
1,122
227
113
227
14
390
39
71
24
76
91
16
284
96
43
17
58
28
219
31
19
47
4
66
3
11
4
7
10
6
61
25
7
1
3
32
25
122
224
351
10
11
12
63
49
Suc
ceeded
partly.
Failed.
29
562
136
64
114
4
225
16
42
10
45
50
3
61
16
14
9
38
33
341
60
30
66
6
99
20
18
10
24
31
7
162
55
22
7
17
12
10
9
5
71
105
174
39
56
128
The results of strikes for the six-year period, 1899 to 1904, are
shown in the table following:
R E S U L T S O F S T R I K E S , 1899 T O 1904.
S trik es w h ic h —
Year.
1899 . . . .
1 9 0 0 ....
1 9 0 1 ....
1 9 0 2 ....
1 9 0 3 ....
1 9 0 4 ....
T o ta l
strik es.
1 ,2 8 8
1,433
1,056
1 ,060
1 ,374
1 ,870
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts
a ffected .
7,121
7 ,740
4,561
3,437
7 ,000
10,321
T o ta l e m
p lo y e e s
in e stab
Strikers.
lish
m e n ts
a ffected .
256,858
298,819
141,220
131,086
198,636
273,364
99,338
122,803
55,262
53,912
85,603
113,480
S u cce e d e d .
S u c c e e d e d p a r tly .
F a ile d .
N um
ber.
P er ce n t
• o f total
strik es.
Num
b er.
P er c e n t
o f to ta l
strik es.
Num
b er .
331
275
200
228
300
449
2 5 .7
1 9 .2
1 8 .9
2 1 .5
2 1 .8
2 4 .0
429
505
285
235
444
688
3 3 .3
3 5 .2
2 7 .0
2 2 .2
3 2 .3
3 6 .8
528
653
571
597
630
733
P er c e n t
o f to ta l
strikes.
4 1 .0
4 5 .6
5 4 .1
5 6 .8
4 5 .9
3 9 .2
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- GERMANY.
533
L ockouts.— During 1904 there were 120 lockouts reported, affect
ing 1,115 establishments. O f a total of 36,312 employees in the estab
lishments affected, 23,760 were locked out and 1,452 others were thrown
out of employment on account of the lockouts.
The following table shows the results of the lockouts in 1904:
RESU LTS
O F L O C K O U T S , 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ P e rson s lo c k e d o u t ” sh o w s th e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f p e rso n s lo c k e d o u t a t
a n y t im e d u r in g lo c k o u t.]
L o c k o u ts.
E sta b lish
m e n ts
a ffe c te d .
T o ta l e m
p lo y e e s in
e sta b lish
m e n ts
a ffe c te d .
S u c c e e d e d ......................................................................
S u c c e e d e d p a r t ly ......................................................
F a i l e d ...............................................................................
44
33
43
440
467
208
14,651
16,459
5 ,2 0 2
1 1 ,775
9 ,2 2 8
2 ,757
782
258
412
T o t a l ....................................................................
120
1 ,115
36,312
23,760
1 ,452
R e s u lt o f lo c k o u ts.
O th ers
P ersons
th r o w n o u t
lo c k e d o u t.
o f w o rk .
O f the lockouts in 1904, 36.7 per cent were successful from the
standpoint of the employers, 27.5 per cent were partly successful,
and 35.8 per cent were complete failures. In 1903 the successful
lockouts were 51.4 per cent of the number for that year, or 14.7 per
cent more than the number succeeding in 1904. The partly success
ful were 6.1 per cent, and the complete failures 8.6 per cent more
numerous in 1904 than in 1903.
The following table shows, by principal groups of industries, the
number and results of lockouts, the number of establishments and
persons involved in lockouts, and the number of other employees
thrown out of work on account of lockouts during the }rear 1904:
S U M M A R Y O F L O C K O U T S , B Y G R O U P S O F IN D U S T R I E S , 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ P e rson s lo c k e d o u t ” sh o w s th e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f p e rson s lo c k e d o u t a t
a n y t im e d u r in g lo c k o u t.]
L o c k o u ts w h ic h —
I n d u str y .
T o ta l
lo c k
outs.
O th e r
em
E sta b P ersons
p lo y e e s
lis h
Su c
lo c k e d
Su c
th r o w n
c e e d e d F a ile d . m e n ts.
ou t.
ce e d e d .
out of
p a r tly .
w ork .
S to n e w o r k a n d e a r t h e n w a r e ..................................
M a c h in e r y , to o ls, a n d in s t r u m e n t s .....................
C h e m ic a ls .............................................................................
F o restry p ro d u c ts, lig h t in g m a te r ia ls, a n d
v a r n is h e s ...........................................................................
T e x t i l e s .................................................................................
L e a t h e r .................................................................................
W o o d e n w are a n d c a r v e d g o o d s ...........................
F o o d p r o d u c ts ....................................................................
C lo th in g a n d c l e a n i n g ................................................
B u ild in g tr a d e s.................................................................
T r a n s p o r t a t io n ..................................................................
24
5
1
1
2
1
22
4
4
54
2
3
13
1
26
T o t a l ..........................................................................
120
44
33
16
2
1
6
1
2
2
94
5
1
2 ,0 4 4
639
7
1
1
16
4
1
15
1
1
79
1
23
9
26
763
113
40
6,451
31
411
36
207
12,591
1 ,300
43
1 ,1 1 5
23,760
2
6
144
73
554
1
680
1 ,452
The group of building trades had the largest number of lockouts,
establishments affected, and number of persons locked out, over onehalf of all the persons locked out during 1904 being engaged in this
534
BULLETIN OE THE BUBEAU OF LABOB,
industry. O f the lockouts in this group of trades 24.1 per cent were
successful, 48.1 per cent were partly successful, and 27.8 per cent of
the employers failed to carry their point. Next in importance with
regard to the number of persons involved are the groups of textiles
and of stonework and earthenware. O f all the persons locked out
88.9 per cent belonged to these three groups of industries.
The next two tables show, respectively, the results of lockouts
according to their duration and according to the number of persons
locked out.
S U M M A R Y O F L O C K O U T S , B Y D U R A T I O N , 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ P ersons lo c k e d o u t ” sh o w s th e m a x im u m n u m b e r of p e rson s lo c k e d o u t a t
a n y t im e d u r in g lo c k o u t.]
L o c k o u ts w h ic h —
D a y s o f d u r a tio n .
T o ta l
lo c k
ou ts.
Suc
S u c
ceeded
ceeded.
p a r tly .
O th er
em
E sta b P erson s
p lo y e e s
lis h
lo c k e d
th r o w n
F a ile d . m e n ts.
o u t.
out of
w ork .
t
L e ss t h a n 1 ...........................................................................
1 to 5 ........................................................................................
6 to 1 0 ......................................................................................
11 to 2 0 ....................................................................................
21 to 3 0 ....................................................................................
31 to 5 0 ....................................................................................
51 to 1 0 0 .................................................................................
101 or o v e r .............................................................................
2
12
13
19
29
17
11
17
2
2
10
9
8
5
8
3
4
2
16
2
4
2
2
7
7
7
4
7
2
7
14
124
55
206
363
59
74
220
41
2 ,6 1 2
827
2 ,671
7 ,1 2 9
973
1 ,126
8 ,381
11
74
20
399
257
137
T o t a l ...........................................................................
120
44
33
43
1 ,1 1 5
23,760
1,4 5 2
554
S U M M A R Y O F L O C K O U T S , B Y N U M B E R O F P E R S O N S L O C K E D O U T , 1904.
[T h e c o lu m n h e a d e d “ P erson s lo c k e d o u t ” sh o w s th e m a x i m u m n u m b e r o f p e rson s lo c k e d o u t a t
a n y t im e d u r in g lo c k o u t.]
L o c k o u ts w h ic h —
P erson s lo c k e d o u t.
T o ta l
lo c k
ou ts.
S u c
S u c
cee d ed
ceeded.
p a r tly .
O th e r
em
E sta b P erson s
p lo y e e s
lo c k e d
lis h
th r o w n
F a ile d . m e n ts.
o u t.
out of
w o rk .
2 to 5 ........................................................................................
6 to 1 0 ......................................................................................
11 t o 2 0 ....................................................................................
21 to 3 0 ....................................................................................
31 to 5 0 ....................................................................................
51 to 1 0 0 ..................................................................................
101 to 200 ............................: .................................................
201 to 500 ...............................................................................
501 or o v e r .............................................................................
9
18
15
11
21
16
9
14
7
1
8
5
1
9
7
4
5
4
1
4
6
4
6
3
7
2
8
9
6
4
8
3
2
2
1
9
24
31
28
78
85
76
256
528
36
145
248
291
839
1 ,1 8 4
1 ,2 4 8
4 ,9 7 1
1 4 ,798
7
1
19
73
148
537
667
T o t a l ...........................................................................
120
44
33
43
1 ,1 1 5
23,760
1 ,452
535
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- GERMANY.
The following table shows the causes and results of lockouts in 1904,
the cause and not the lockout being taken as the unit:
L O C K O U T S , B Y C A U S E S , 1904.
[L o c k o u ts d u e to t w o or m o r e ca u se s h a v e b e e n ta b u la te d u n d e r e a c h ca u se ; h e n c e t h e to ta ls fo r th is
ta b le d o n o t agre e w ith th o se for th e p r e c e d in g ta b le s.]
L o c k o u ts w h ic h —
T o ta l
lo c k o u ts .
C au se or o b je c t.
27
4
16
15
A g a in s t in c re a se o f w a g e s ....................... ,
F o r r e d u c tio n o f w a g e s ..............................
O th e r ca u ses a ffe c tin g w a g e s ................
A g a in s t r e d u c tio n o f h o u r s .....................
F o r in c re a se o f h o u r s ....................................
F o r r e te n tio n o f o v e r tim e w o r k ............
F o r in tr o d u c tio n o f c o n tr a c t w o r k . . .
T o c o m p e l e m p lo y e e s t o le a v e u n io n
T o fo r c e s e t t le m e n t o f s tr ik e s ................
O th e r c a u s e s .......................................................
S u c
ceeded.
S u c
ceeded
p a r tly .
5
2
9
8
21
9
1
2
2
1
2
2
8
13
3
11
3
8
5
1
1
6
6
9
24
55
49
F a ile d .
12
22
9
9
15
22
The results of lockouts for the six-year period, 1899 to 1904, are
shown in the table following:
R E S U L T S O F L O C K O U T S , 1899 T O 1904.
Y ear.
1 8 9 9 ....
1 9 0 0 ....
1901 . . . .
1902 . . . .
1 9 0 3 ....
1 9 0 4 ....
T o ta l
lo c k
ou ts.
23
35
35
46
70
120
E sta b
lis h
m e n ts
a ffe c te d .
427
607
238
948
1 ,7 1 4
1 ,1 1 5
L o c k o u ts w h ic h —
T o ta l e m
p loye es
P ersons
in e stab
lo c k e d
lis h
o u t.
m e n ts
a ffected .
N um
b er .
5,298
9,0 8 5
5,4 1 4
10,305
35,273
23,760
6
13
16
30
36
44
8,2 9 0
22,462
7 ,980
18,705
52,541
36,312
Su cceeded.
Per cen t
o f to ta l
lo c k o u ts.
2 6 .1
3 7 .1
4 5 .7
6 5 .2
5 1 .4
3 6 .7
S u c c e e d e d p a rtly .
Num
b er.
9
17
8
7
15
33
Per cen t
o f to ta l
lo c k o u ts.
F a ile d .
Num
ber.
P er c e n t
o f to ta l
lo c k o u ts.
8
5
11
9
19
43
3 4 .8
1 4 .3
3 1 .4
1 9 .6
2 7 .2
3 5 .8
3 9 .1
4 8 .6
2 2 .9
1 5 .2
2 1 .4
2 7 .5
G R E A T B R IT A IN .
Report on Strikes and Lockouts in the United Kingdom in 1 9 0 and
on Conciliation and Arbitration Boards. 1905. 143 pp. (Published
by the Labor Department of the British Board of Trade.)
1 This report is the seventeenth of a series which was commenced in
1888, and presents data for the strikes beginning in 1904. The details
published include for the principal disputes the locality, the number of
establishments involved, the number and occupations of working people
affected, either directly or indirectly, the cause or object of the dis
pute, the date of beginning and ending, and the result. The work of
the boards of conciliation and arbitration is also presented, together
with certain particulars as to agreements and awards. Comparative
data for the years 1900 to 1904 are also given, besides a table showing,
by industries, the principal facts for all disputes from 1893 to 1904,
536
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
and for the more important disputes since 1888. Where the employees
involved were less than 10 in number, or the duration of the dispute
was less than 1 day, no report is presented unless the aggregate dura
tion exceeded 100 working days.
S trikes and L ockouts in 1904.— The year 1904 was characterized
by an unusual freedom from labor troubles. The number of disputes,
the number of persons involved, and the number of working-days lost
being the smallest since 1893.
There were 354 disputes recorded during the year, as against an
average of 568 per annum for the 5 years* preceding. The persons
affected were 86,888 in number, of whom 56,060 were directly and
30,828 indirectly involved. The loss in working-days was 1,454,220.
The five-year average for the period 1899-1903 for these items was, in
round numbers, 184,000 for total work people involved and 3,126,000
for working-days lost.
The following tables show the number of strikes and lockouts and
the number of employees involved in 1904, classified according to
results and principal causes:
S T R IK E S A N D
L O C K O U T S , B Y C A U S E S A N D R E S U L T S , A N D W O R K I N G -D A Y S L O S T , 1904.
[ “ A g g r e g a te w o r k in g d a y s lo s t b y a ll e m p lo y e e s t h r o w n o u t o f w o r k ” in c lu d e s t h e a g g r e g a te d u r a
tio n in 1904 o f d isp u te s w h ic h b e g a n b e fo r e J a n u a r y 1 o f th a t y e a r , a n d e x c lu d e s t h e d u r a tio n o f
su c h as c o n tin u e d a fte r D e c e m b e r 31.]
S trik e s a n d lo c k o u ts, th e resu lts
o f w h ic h w e r e —
P r in c ip a l cau se or o b je c t.
I n fa v o r I n fa v o r C o m
of em
of em
p ro
p lo y e e s. p lo y e rs. m ise d .
In d e fi
n ite or
u n se t
t le d .
A g g r e g a te
w o r k in g T o ta l
d a y s lo st
strik es
b y a ll e m
and
p lo y e e s
lo c k
th ro w n
ou ts.
out of
w ork.
W a g e s .................................................................. ..........................
H o u r s o f l a b o r ...........................................................................
E m p lo y m e n t o f p a r tic u la r classes or p e rson s . . .
W o r k in g a r r a n g e m e n ts, ru les, a n d d isc ip lin e . .
T r a d e u n io n is m ........................................................................
O th e r c a u s e s ...............................................................................
39
3
6
7
7
116
5
28
22
7
1
76
5
12
18
1
1
232
13
46
47
15
1
1 ,1 7 3 ,7 6 7
26,356
45,456
113,726
94,855
60
T o t a l ....................................................................................
62
179
112
1
354
1 ,4 5 4 ,2 2 0
S T R I K E R S A N D E M P L O Y E E S L O C K E D O U T , B Y C A U S E S A N D R E S U L T S , 1904.
Strik ers a n d e m p lo y e e s lo c k e d o u t
in d isp u tes, th e resu lts o f w h ic h
w ere—
P r in c ip a l ca u se or o b je c t.
I n fa v o r I n fa v o r
C om pro
of em
of em
m is e d .
p lo y e e s. p loye rs.
T o ta l
strik es
and em
In d e fi p lo y e e s
n ite o r
lo c k e d
u n se t
o u t.
t le d .
O th e r
em
p lo y e e s
th r o w n
out of
w ork .
W a g e s .'........................................................................................
H o u rs o f l a b o r ........................................................................
E m p lo y m e n t o f p a r tic u la r classes or p e r s o n s . .
W o r k in g a rr a n g e m e n ts, ru les, a n d d is c ip lin e ..
T r a d e u n io n is m ......................................................................
O th er c a u s e s .............................................................................
4 ,286
114
2,3 9 4
1 ,006
7,613
15,898
1,2 2 2
2 ,472
3 ,315
253
20
12,253
634
1 ,215
3 ,2 8 0
59
26
32,463
1 ,9 7 0
6 ,081
7 ,601
7 ,9 2 5
20
24,495
505
3,213
2,042
573
T o t a l.................................................................................
15,413
23,180
17,441
26
56,060
30,828
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- GREAT BRITAIN.
537
Disputes relative to wages continue to be the most numerous, form
ing 65.5 per cent of all disputes for the year and involving 57.9 per
cent of all striking or locked-out employees. O f these disputes 16.8
per cent were successful, 50 per cent failed, and 32.8 per cent were
compromised; the result of one dispute was indefinite. Considering
the number of persons actually participating in disputes concerning
wages, it appears that 13.2 per cent were successful, 49 per cent
failed, and 37.7 per cent compromised their demands.
. Slight success attended the disputes relative to hours of labor, only
5.8 per cent of the employees directly involved in such disputes having
been successful while 62 per cent failed to carry their point. Dis
putes relative to trade unionism were settled in equal numbers, for
and against the workmen, but evidently the strikes lost were those in
which comparatively few members of unions were involved, as the
number of employees engaged in the disputes in which the decision
was in favor of the workmen was 96.1 per cent of all strikers or per
sons locked out in such disputes, leaving but 3.2 per cent who were
unsuccessfully engaged therein and 0.7 per cent who were affected by
compromise.
By far the greater number of disputes affect comparatively few
working people, 76.6 per cent of all disputes in 1904 affecting but 21
per cent of the employees directly or indirectly involved in such dis
putes. The following table shows the data, by groups, of employees
thrown out of work:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, BY GROUPS OF EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, 1904.
[“ Aggregate working days lost by all employees thrown out of w ork” includes the aggregate duration
of disputes which began in 1904, and embraces working days lost in 1905 in disputes which extended
beyond 1904.]
Groups of employees thrown out of work.
Strikes
and
lockouts.
Employees
thrown out of
work.
Number.
Per
cent.
Aggregate workingdays lost by all
employees thrown
out of work.
Number.
Per
cent.
5.000 or o v e r ............................. ........................................
2,500 or under 5,000.........................................................
1,000 or under 2,500.........................................................
500 or under 1,000. ...........................................................
250 or under 500 ..............................................................
100 or under 250 ..............................................................
50 or under 100................................................................
25 or under 5 0 ..................................................................
Under 25 (a )................... ..................................................
2
3
12
29
37
66
63
67
a 75
10,500
8,300
17,971
20,333
11,575
10,225
4,502
2,337
a l, 145
12.1
9.5
20.7
23.4
13.3
11.8
5.2
2.7
1.8
237,536
10,450
206,066
394,237
214,150
186,891
85,474
53,173
a 19,925
16.9
.7
14.6
28.0
15.2
13.3
6.1
3.8
1.4
T o ta l......................................................................
354
86,888
100.0
1,407,902
100.0
a Disputes involving less than 10 work people and those which lasted less than 1 day have been
omitted, except when the aggregate duration exceeded 100 working days.
538
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
The tables following show the extent to which each of the various
groups of industries was involved in the strikes and lockouts of 1904
and the results of the disputes in each group:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, BY INDUSTRIES AND RESULTS, AND WORKING-DAYS LOST, 1904.
[“ Aggregate working days lost by all employees thrown out of w ork” includes the aggregate dura
tion in 1904 of disputes which began in previous years and excludes the duration in 1905 of disputes
which began in 1904.]
Strikes and lockouts, the results of
which were—
Industry.
Building trades......................................
Mining and quarrying..........................
Metal, engineering, and shipbuilding.
T e x t i l e t r a d e s _ _______ _ ___________________
Clothing trades.......................................
Tran sportati on .........................................
Miscellaneous..........................................
Employees of public authorities..........
Total................................................
In favor In favor Compro
of em
of em
ployees. ployers. mised.
11
17
12
6
9
2
5
14
47
42
30
11
7
27
1
12
48
20
16
6
1
9
62
179
112
Indefi
nite or
unset
tled.
1
1
Aggregate
workingTotal
days lost
strikes
by all
and
employees
lockouts. thrown
out
of work.
37
112
75
52
26
10
41
1
345,513
627,285
185,429
121,554
13,202
42,343
118,804
90
354
1,454,220
STRIKERS AND EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, BY INDUSTRIES AND RESULTS, 1904.
Strikers and employees locked out in
disputes, the results of which were—
Industry.
In favor In favor Compro Indefinite
of em
of em
or un
ployees. ployers. mised.
settled.
Building trades.......................................
Mining and quarrying...........................
Metal, engineering, and shipbuilding..
Textile trades...........................................
Clothing trades.......................................
Transportation.......................................
Miscellaneous..........................................
Employees of public authorities...........
906
8,703
2,952
630
1,022
220
980
4,555
9,114
4.123
2,487
179
1,419
1,258
45
958
7,994
1,548
5,494
167
70
1,210
Total................................................
15,413
23,180
17,441
26
26
Total
strikers
and em
ployees
locked
out.
Other
em
ployees
thrown
out of
work.
6,419
25,811
8,649
8,611
1,368
1,709
3,448
45
2,278
20,156
3,481
4,437
80
50
346
56,060
30,828
From these tables it appears the mining and quarrying industry leads
in the number of strikes, of persons involved, and of days lost. In
each group of industries the number of disputes settled in favor of the
employers very much exceeds those in which the employees were suc
cessful, unless the clothing trade be allowed as an exception. The
number of employees engaged in successful disputes was larger than
the number of those defeated in but a single industry— the clothing
trade.
S trikes and L ookouts during F iv e Y ears .— During the fiveyear period, 1900 to 1904, there was a yearly average of 494.6 disputes,
affecting an average of 165,708 working people.
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- GREAT BRITAIN.
539
The principal data for the period named are presented in the follow
ing table:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, AND WORKING-DAYS
LOST, 1900 TO 1904.
[“ Aggregate working-days lost by all employees thrown out of w ork” includes loss resulting from
disputes which began in previous years.]
Aggregate
Strikers Otherem- Total em workingStrikes and em ployees ployees days lost
and lock ployees thrown thrown by all em
ployees
out of
out of
outs.
lock ed
work.
work. thrown out
out.
of work.
Year.
648
642
442
387
354
1900..............................................................................
1901..............................................................................
1902..............................................................................
1903..............................................................................
1904..............................................................................
135,145
111,437
116,824
93,515
56,060
53,393
68,109
139,843
23,386
30,-828
188,538
179,546
256,667
116,901
86,888
3,152,694
4,142,287
3,479,255
2,338,668
1,454,220
The following table shows the number of strikes and lockouts, and
of employees thrown out of work during each year, 1900 to 1904, by
industries:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, AND EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY INDUSTRIES,
1900 TO 1904.
Strikes and lockouts.
Industry,
Employees thrown out of work.
1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904.
Building trades......................
Mining and quarrying..........
Metal, engineering, and ship
building ..............................
T e x tile ....................................
Clothing..................................
Transportation......................
M iscellaneous........................
Employees of public authori
ties .......................................
146
136
104
210
39
168
44
125
37
112
111
96
38
50
60
103
96
39
20
65
71
82
23
14
41
87
55
25
15
32
11
5
4
4
Total..............................
648
642
442
387
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
9,797
19,178
5,356
74,364 112,981 208,526
3,663
63,578
8,697
45,967
75
52
26
10
41
19,810
24,143
2,154
23,026
24,968
22,489
16,609
4,135
2,682
10,489
15,914
16,706
2,790
1,590
3,679
32,380
9,458
2,476
2,172
2,463
12,130
13,048
1,448
1,759
3,794
1
895
364
2,106
711
45
354 188,538 179,546 256,667 116,901
86,888
A steady decrease in the number of strikes for each year since 1900
is apparent in the total as well as in most of the industry groups. In
mining and quarrying, however, the year 1901 was most prolific of
disputes— a condition which prevailed, though in less degree, in the
clothing and miscellaneous industries. The year 1901 is also marked
by the greatest loss of working time within the period shown, though
the total number, both of strikers and employees locked out and of
total employees thrown out of work, is less for that year than for
either 1900 or 1902.
540
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR*
The table next presented shows the principal causes of strikes and
lockouts and the number of disputes and employees directly involved
in disputes arising from each cause from 1900 to 1904:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, AND STRIKERS AND EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, BY PRINCIPAL
CAUSES, 1900 TO 1904.
Strikes and lockouts.
Principal cause or object.
Strikers and employees locked out.
1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 11904.
1900.
1901.
1902.
W a g es.....................................
Hours of la b o r ........................
Employment of particular
classes or persons...............
Working arrangements, rules,
and d iscip lin e.....................
Trade unionism......................
Sympathetic disputes............
Other causes......................
438
6
402
29
267
20
232
17
232
13
82,903
718
58,865
4,198
56,733
3,044
93
84
58
54
46
10,427
10,524
57
45
5
4
79
38
6
4
64
29
1
3
56
25
47
15.
1
18,956
19,573
1,018
1,550
23,185
11,531
1,890
1,244
Total...............................
648
642
442
387
3
1903. | 1904.
49,557
4,108
32,463
1,970
11,436
7,822
6,081
19,849
25,489
14
259
13,609
17,602
7,601
7,925
20
354 135,145 111,437 116,824
817
93,515 | 56,060
Disputes relative to wages continue to be the most numerous, no
falling off having occurred as compared with 1903, though the number
of persons participating in the same shows a steady annual decrease.
Trade unionism and the generally related question of the employment
of particular classes or persons show a constant decrease in the num
ber of disputes arising and, for 1903 and 1904, a considerable diminution
of the number of employees involved.
The following table presents, by results, the number of strikes and
lockouts and of strikers and employees locked out each year for the
period 1900 to 1904:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, AND STRIKERS AND EMPLOYEES LOCKED OUT, BY RESULTS,
1900 TO 1904.
[The figures for years previous to 1904 have been revised to include the results of disputes terminated
after the reports of those years were published.]
Strikes and'lockouts.
Result.
Strikers and employees locked out.
1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904.
1900.
1901.
40,612 30,591
37,133 38,701
56,647 41,575
753'
570
1902.
1903.
1904.
In favor of em ployees..........
In favor of employers............
Compromised.........................
Indefinite or unsettled..........
202
218
223
5
163
284
193
2
108
206
125
3
90
185
111
1
62
179
112
1
37,187
37,187
42,141
309
29,167
44,956
19,370
22
15,413
23,180
17,441
26
Total...............................
648
642
442
387
354 135,145 111,437 116,824
93,515
56,060
From this table it appears that the number of disputes resulting in
favor of the employees was, for each of the years shown, less than the
number in which the employers were successful. The number com
promised also exceeds the ;number in which the employees succeeded,
though, except in 1900, it is less than the number decided in favor of
the employers. The total number of disputes for the five-year period
was 2,473, in 25.3 per cent of which the employees won, while the
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS----GREAT BRITAIN.
541
employers were successful in 43.3 per cent. In 30.9 per cent the mat
ter was compromised, and in 0.5 per cent the conclusion was indefinite.
In 1904, 17.5 per cent were settled in favor of employees, 50.6 per
cent in favor of employers, 31.6 per cent were compromised, and 0.3
per cent remained unsettled or were not definitely settled at the end of
the year.
A consideration of the number of strikers and persons locked out
during the same period shows that of the 512,981 persons actively par
ticipating, 29.8 per cent were successful, 35.3 per cent failed, 34.6 per
cent were affected by settlements in which the question in dispute was
compromised, and 0.3 per cent were in disputes which were not defi
nitely settled. The corresponding data for 1904 are less favorable to
the working people, only 27.5 per cent of those engaging in disputes
having been successful, while 41.3 per cent failed, and 31.1 per cent
accepted compromises.
The disputes for each of the years 1900 to 1904 are grouped by
methods of settlement in the following table, which shows the number
of disputes for each year, and the total number of working people
thrown out of employment, whether directly or indirectly:
STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS, AND EMPLOYEES THROWN OUT OF WORK, BY METHOD OF
SETTLEMENT, 1900 TO 1904.
[The figures for years previous to 1904 have been revised to include settlements effected after the
reports for those years were published.]
Employees thrown out of work.
Strikes and lockouts.
Method of settlement.
1900. 1901. 1902. 1903. 1904.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
7,118
8,643
9,284
8,465
4,611
7,129
18,658
3,110
3,976
3,479
Arbitration............................
C onciliation...........................
Direct arrangement or nego
tiation between the parties
or their representatives___
Submission of employees.......
Replacement of em ployees...
Closing of w orks.....................
Indefinite or unsettled..........
19
14
25
18
16
13
18
8
487
46
74
4
4
456
45
92
5
1
319
40
50
3
1
270
36
50
5
227 155,025 143,470 222,950
9,362 16,570
27 11,395
67
5,266
5,148
7,137
300
1,288
230
5
791
540
29
1
80,569
11,461
2,852
251
59,243
12,335
7,420
401
34
Total...............................
648
642
442
387
354 188,538 179,546 256,667 116,901
86,888
15
12
A s would be anticipated in a year of unsuccessful disputes, the num
ber of employees submitting to the employers’ terms without negotia
tions, the number replaced, and the number affected by the closing of
works are all larger in 1904 than in the previous year. Arbitration
and conciliation together settled only as many disputes as were settled
by the submission of employees and affected only about 60 per cent of
the number of employees so submitting. Practically the same number
of employees were replaced as had the benefit of recourse to these two
methods of settling disputes. Sixty-four per cent of all disputes in
1904, affecting 68 per cent of the working people engaged in disputes,
were settled by direct negotiations between the parties in interest or
their representatives.
5929— No. 63—06-----14
512
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
N E T H E R L A N D S.
Werkstakingen en Uitsluitingen in Nederland gedurende 190if. Uitgegeven door het Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek.
v, 53 pp.
This is the fourth annual report of the Central Bureau of Statistics
of the Netherlands on strikes and lockouts. The information is given
in the form of an analysis with summary tables and a tabular state
ment, showing in detail the important facts concerning each strike
and lockout. Comparative tables, giving the principal data for the
years 1901 to 1901, are shown.
S trikes .— There were 85 strikes reported in 1901. The number of
establishments involved and the number of strikers were not reported
in the case of all of these strikes. In 83 strikes there were 123 estab
lishments involved, while the number of strikers reported for 81
strikes was 1,132.
The following table shows the number of strikes, establishments
involved, strikers, results of strikes, and aggregate days lost by all
employees for each group of industries:
STRIKES, BY INDUSTRIES, 1904.
Total
strikes.
Industry.
Earthenware, glass,
lime, and ston e___
Printing and publish
ing ...........................
Building tra des.........
Chemical industries..
Wood, cork, andstraw
working...................
Leather, oilcloth, and
rubber g o o d s..........
M ining........................
T extiles.......................
Food products ( a ) ___
Agriculture __............
Commercial occupa
tions.......... ...............
Transportation..........
Professional service..
T o ta l.................
Strikes for
which num
ber of estab
lishments in
volved was
reported.
Strikes for
which num
ber of strik
ers was re
ported.
Strikes for
which aggre
gate days lost
by all employees
was reported.
Results of strikes.
Suc
Aggre
Suc ceed Fail Not
Estab
re Strikes. gate
ceed
ed
Strikes. lish Strikes. Strik
ed.
port
ers.
days
ed. part
ments.
ed.
lost.
ly.
726
1
2
6
100
22 1,382
1
110
2
6
1
2
5
2
10
*
2
3
3
10
6
23
1
6
22
1
7
22
1
3
7
7
7
7
154
1
1
8
19
7
1
1
8
19
6
1
25
8
19
13
1
1
8
19
7
4
400
715
207
368
2
6
1
2
6
1
3
6
1
2
6
1
85
83
123
1
3
115,741
6
22
1
1,871*
5,693
110
4
7
2,880|
1
1
8
19
7
4
2,400
4,782*
7,139*
7,060*
2
6
45
c 275*
2
1
2
4
2
4
5
3
1
2
10
2
13
215
38
3
1
2
1
84 4,432
22
25
34
61
61
d4
83 c 148,003
a Including tobacco and cigars.
6 Indefinite or unsettled.
o Not including days lost by strikers, not reported in 1 strike.
d Including 2 indefinite or unsettled.
From the foregoing table it will be observed that the greatest num
ber of strikes in 1901 occurred in the building trades. O f the total
number of strikers reported, 1,382, or 31.2 per cent, were in that
industry.
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- NETHERLANDS.
543
The table which follows shows the number of strikes, establish
ments involved, strikers, aggregate days of duration, and aggregate
days lost by all employees, classified by causes. The apparent dis
crepancy in the totals for this table as compared with those previously
shown is explained in the note which precedes the table.
CAUSES OP STRIKES, 1904.
[Strikes due to two or more causes have been tabulated under each cause; hence the totals for this
table do not agree with those for other tables.]
Strikes for
which
number of
establish
ments
involved was
reported.
Total
strikes.
Cause or object.
Strikes for
Strikes for
Strikes for which aggregate
which
which
days lost by
number of aggregate days all employees
strikers was of duration was thrown out of
reported.
reported.
work was
reported.*
Per
Aggre
cent
Aggre
gate
of
Estab
gate
Num total
Strik
days
Strikes. lish Strikes. ers. Strikes. days of Strikes. lost
ber.
by
report
ments.
dura
all em
ing
tion.
ployees.
cause.
For increase o f wages..
Against reduction of
wages..........................
Other disputes con
cerning wages...........
Hours of labor..............
Trade u n ionism ..........
For reinstatement of
em ployees.................
Regulations governing
w ork...........................
Other causes.................
Not reported.................
T o t a l...................
38
33.04
37
69
38
2,359
36
7444
38
23,140
13
11.30
13
20
13
916
13
297
13
117,4404
11
3
1
9.57
2.61
.87
11
3
1
43
4
1
11
3
1
814
48
24
9
2
2734
654
10
3
1
6,227
a 1,8864
1,011
19
16.52
19
19
19
296
17
295
19
5,460
12
18
1
10.44
15.65
12
18
37
18
12
18
747
698
12
17
207
326
12
18
6,1094
7,0424
116 100.00
114
211
115
5,902
106
2,2084
114 a 168,317
a Not including days lost by strikers, not reported in 1 strike.
The strikes in 1904 were mostly due to wage disputes, those resulting
from controversies regarding rules of work being next in importance
as to number of establishments and strikers involved. The results
of strikes are shown in the following table:
RESULTS OF STRIKES, 1904.
Strikes for
which
number of
establish
Total strikes.
ments
involved was
reported.
Strikes for
Strikes for
which
which aggregate
number of
days lost by
strikers was
all employees
reported.
was reported.
Result.
Per
Aggre
cent
gate
of
Estab
Num total
Strik
days
lost
lish
Strikes. ers. Strikes. by all
ber. report Strikes.
ments.
employ
ing
ees.
result.
S ucceeded...................................................
Succeeded p artly .......................................
F a ile d ..........................................................
Indefinite or u n settled.............................
Not reported...............................................
Total...................................................
22
25
34
2
2
26.51
30.12
40.96
2.41
85 100.00
22
24
34
2
1
28
32
60
2
1
22
873
25 1,584
34 1,910
2
45
1
20
22
25
34
1
48
83
123
84 4,432
82
148,003
2,6294
129,2704
16,055
544
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
O f the 4,412 strikers who took part in the 83 strikes for which the
results were reported, 19.79 per cent were in strikes which succeeded,
35.90 per cent were in strikes which succeeded partly, and 43.29 per
cent were in strikes which failed. The remaining 1.02 per cent were
in strikes whose results were reported as indefinite or unsettled.
Strikes by causes and results are shown in the following table, the
cause being taken as the basis for the tabulation:
STRIKES, BY CAUSES AND RESULTS, 1904.
[Strikes due to two or more causes have been tabulated under each cause; hence the totals for this
table do not agree with those for other tables.]
Indefi
Suc
or Not re
Suc
Failed. nite
ceeded. ceeded
unset ported. Total.
partly.
tled.
Cause or object.
For increase of wages...............................................
Against reduction of wages..........................................
Other disputes concerning wages................................
Hours of la b o r ..................................... ..........................
Trade unionism..............................................................
For reinstatement of em ployees..................................
Regulations governing work.........................................
Other causes....................................................................
Not reported....................................................................
10
2
2
12
5
3
1
7
2
5
7
4
6
15
6
5
1
1
5
6
7
Total.......................................................................
28
38
46
1
1
38
13
11
3
1
19
12
18
1
2
116
1
1
2
The next table shows the strikes in 1904 by duration and result:
STRIKES, BY DURATION AND RESULT, 1904.
Result.
Dura
tion
Less 1 to 2 3to7 8 to 14 15 to 28 29 to 42 43 to 91 Over not To
91
than days.
tal.
days.
re
days.
days.
days.
days.
days. port
Iday.
ed.
Succeeded..................................
Succeeded p a rtly ......................
F a ile d .........................................
I n d e f i n i t e or u n s e t t l e d . ................
Not reported...............................
6
4
3
12
8
3
Total..................................
13
24
1
4
9
1
2
4
1
3
3
1
1
5
4
1
2
14
7
4
4
10
3
1
3
2
1
22
25
34
2
2
6
85
From the above table it will be seen that of strikes which succeeded
81.82 per cent lasted two days or less; of those which succeeded partly
64 per cent lasted seven days or less; while of those which failed and
for which duration was reported, 51.61 per cent lasted eight days or
longer.
FOREIGN STATISTICAL PUBLICATIONS---- NETHERLANDS.
545
The following table shows the number of strikes and their results,
the number of strikers, and aggregate days lost by all employees,
classified according to method of settlement:
STRIKES, BY METHOD OF SETTLEMENT, 1904.
[Where two or more methods of settlement have been employed, the data were reported in each case
hence the totals for this table do not agree with those for other tables.]
Strikes.
Method o f settle
ment.
Direct negotiation
between employ
er and employees
N e g o t i a t i o n in
wnich one or
both parties were
represented by
their organiza
tions .....................
Mediation of third
parties.................
E m p loy m e n t o f
other w orkm en..
Disintegration o f
strik e................. .
Defeat of one of the
parties without
negotiation.......
Other m eans.........
Not reported.........
Total............
Strikes which—
for which
Strikes for which Strikes
days
numberofstrik- aggregate
lost
for
all em
ers was report
ployees
was
ed.
reported.
Strikers.
Re End
Per
main
ed
Aggre
cent of
Suc
Per
in with
gate
total Suc ceed Fail ed
cent of
Num report
defi
Num
result
days
lost
ceed ed
Strikes. by all
total
ber.
ber.
ed.
nite
not
Num report
ed. part
ing
or
un
re
employber.
meth
ly.
ing
set port
od.
meth
tled. ed.
od.
14
15.38
14
744
16.21
23
25.27
23
574
12.51
859
18.72
118,858
732
15.95
11,869
1.48
2,994
33.49
1.64
11,794
«50
91 4,589 100.00
90 al53,476
21.98
3.30
19.78
4.40
92 100.00
1,537
75
25
41
14
1,0821
6,828*
a Not including strikers not reported in 1 strike.
Negotiations in which one or both parties were represented by their
trade organizations resulted in the greatest number of strike settle
ments, the emplo3Tment of other workmen being next in frequency.
546
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
L o c k o u t s . — The number of lockouts reported in 1904 was 17,
involving 74 establishments and 6,754 persons. By far the most
important lockout of the year occurred in the diamond-cutting
industry. In this lockout, which involved 58 establishments and lasted
123 days, there were 6,391 persons locked out; these lost 484,571 work
ing-days, and other persons thrown out of work lost 19,610 workingdays, making an aggregate loss of 504,181 days to all persons.
The following table shows the lockouts by causes in 1904:
LOCKOUTS, BY CAUSES, 1904.
Lockouts for which aggregate
Lockouts for
number of working-days lost
which aggre
was reported.
gate days of
duration was
JlSlcIDreported.
lishPersons
Aggregate working-days
Lock ments locked
lo s t —
outs.
in
out.
Aggre Lock
volved.
By per
By
Lock gate
other Total.
of outs.
sons
outs. days
locked
em
dura
tion.
out. ployees.
Cause or object.
Against increase of wages.
For reduction of wages...
Regulations governing
w o r k ...............................
Result of strikes...............
Other causes......................
T ota l........................
2
3
24
25
1
3
129
3
2
7
3
62
102
2
64 56,541
2
2
6
si*
2
169
2
6
17
74 5 6,754
14
355*
14
2
3
1
3
1
27
582*
48
4,304
485,085
2
207
«9
19,610
29
789*
48
a 4,313
504,695
490,046* «19,828 «509,874*
a Not including days lost by employees other than those locked out not reported in 1 lockout.
5 Not including persons not reported in 1 lockout.
In the table which follows is presented a summary of the principal
lockout data for the years 1901 to 1904:
SUMMARY OF LOCKOUTS, 1901 TO 1904.
Lockouts for
Lockouts for
Lockouts for
which number of which
number of w hich aggregate
Lockouts which—
establishments
days
duration
persons
locked
involved was re out was reported. wasof
reported.
Total
ported.
Year. lock
outs.
Ended
Estab
Aggre Suc Suc
re
Lock
Lock Persons
Lock gate days ceed
lish
ceeded Failed. with
locked
sult
not
outs. ments in outs.
outs. of dura ed. partly.
out.
reported.
tion.
volved.
1901....
1902....
1903....
1904....
7
14
14
17
5
14
13
17
5
15
24
74
6
14
14
16
361
2,381
1,021
6,754
6
12
11
14
380
519
293*
355*
2
5
7
9
a Including 1 lockout reported as indefinite or unsettled.
4
5
6
2
5
2
2
«3
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
[E xcept in cases of special interest, the decisions here presented are restricted to
those rendered b y the Federal courts and the higher courts of the States and Terri
tories. Only material portions of such decisions are reproduced, introductory and
explanatory matter being given in the words of the editor.]
D EC ISIO N S U N D E R ST A T U T O R Y L A W .
E mployers ’ L iability — Contracts L imiting T ime for R ecov
S tatute — P olice P ower —Mumford v.
Chicago, Rock Island andPacific Railway Company, Supreme Court of
Iowa, 10If, JVorthvjestern Reporter, page 1135.— In this case one Mumford was seeking to recover damages from the employing company on
account of injuries received while acting as a brakeman in its service.
Mumford had obtained a verdict in the district court of Scott County,
from which the company appealed, the appeal resulting in affirmation
of the judgment of the lower court.
The facts as to the injury present no condition of special interest,
but the company had inserted in its form of application for employ
ment a provision by which employees agreed to give notice in writing
of all claims for damages within thirty days after receiving the injury
43n account of which such damages were claimed. This Mumford had
signed, but for various reasons he had failed to give notice of his claim
within the time set, and the company contended that he was thereby
prevented from recovering in this action. Mumford pleaded the Iowa
statute (section 2071 of the Code) relative to the liability of companies
for injuries to its employees, in which is found the following clause:
“ And no contract which restricts such liability shall be legal or
binding.”
The company’s attorneys questioned the application of this clause
to the case in hand, and also the constitutionality of the clause. The
remarks of Judge Deemer on this point are reproduced below:
ery — C onstitutionality of
The statute clearly makes any contract restricting liability invalid;
tb&t is to say, any contract which restricts the liability imposed by the
statute is invalid. W hat is that liability ? It is to pay without condi
tion all damages sustained, etc., in consequence of the neglect of agents
or the mismanagement of engineers or other employees. This liability
exists until barred by the statute of limitations, and is not dependent
upon any conditions precedent or subsequent. Does the provision in
plaintiff’s application restrict this liability? To restrict is to restrain
547
548
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
within bounds; to limit; to confine. Webster’s Unabridged Diet. tit.
64Restrict.”
A s we understand counsel’s argument, they admit that this pro
vision does limit plaintiff’s recovery.
Indeed, this proposition is
hardly debatable. But they say that, as the restriction relates to the
remedy and does not affect the right, it does not come within the pur
view of the statute. In other words, they say it relates to the adjec
tive— the remedial— rather than to the substantive rights, and that
the section does not apply, in that the liability still remains if the
remedy provided for in the application is followed. This argument
is specious, but we do not regard it sound. The provision quoted does
limit the liability created by statute. It creates a contract bar, which
would not exist but for the contract. It imposes new duties upon an
inj ured party which he was not obligated by law to perform. It attaches
a penalty for not doing these acts, which did not theretofore exist. It
restrains defendant’s liability within bounds fixed by the contract
itself. Moreover, we have expressly held that these contract limita
tions not only bar the remedy but extinguish the right; that is to say,
limit the* right.
(Farmers’ Ins. Co. v. State Ins. Co., 112 Iowa,
608, 84 N. W ., 904.) That case, which is abundantly supported by
authority, effectually disposes of one of appellant’s propositions.
But it is argued in this court, and apparently for the first time, that
section 2071 is unconstitutional, because it interferes with what has
been called the liberty of contract; and the late case of Lochner v.
People, 25 Sup. Ct., 541, 49 L. Ed., 937, is cited in support of the con
tention. W e do not understand that the learned tribunal deciding
that case, by a majority of a single vote, intended to overrule the
many cases sustaining the validity of such statutes as the one here in
question. If it did, the power of the legislature is so seriously crip
pled that it is well-nigh impotent. W e shall assume that the legisla
ture still possesses its police power, that it may within certain limits
regulate common carriers, that it still possesses some power over cor
porations of its own creation, and that it may legislate for the general#
welfare of the community. No one has as yet questioned these mat
ters as we understand it. The constitutionality of this act was affirmed
at a very early day in this State. (See McAunich v. Railroad Co., 20
Iowa, 338.) This case has been followed many times, and other tri
bunals have consistently followed it. The Federal Supreme Court
has many times upheld such statutes, and we shall not overrule these
cases on the strength of the Lochner case alone. (See Railroad Co. v.
Mackey, 127 U . S ., 205, 8 Sup. Ct., 1161, 32 L. Ed., 107.) There is no
such thing as absolute liberty of contract. Indeed, all personal and
property rights are subject to proper legislative regulation and con
trol. Every man surrenders a part of his liberty for the benefits and
enjoyment of organized society. No one may do absolutely as he
pleases. A verjr great proportion of our legislation is a restriction of
some one’s liberty. Indeed, the liberty of which we boast and are so
justly proud is liberty under law, and not absolute license. It is free
dom frequently restrained by law for the common good. Surely a
corporation created by the State and engaged in an extra hazardous
business, may be compelled to respond in damages for the negligence
of its employees, notwithstanding any contract it may make or attempt
to make relieving itself from such responsibility or restricting its lia
bility therefor. These reflections are commonplace enough, but they
DECISIONS OE COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
549
are sometimes forgotten. It is well to recur to them again when such
attacks as this are made upon legislative power. Further argument,
in view of the authorities cited, is unnecessary. W e have no doubt of
the power of the legislature to enact such a law, and are convinced
that the provision of the application in question is an attempt to
“ restrict liability.”
E mployers 5 L ia bility — R ailroad Companies — A ssumption of
R isk — C onstruction of Statute — C ontributory N egligence — S ub
mission to J u r y — Biles v. Seaboard Air Line Railway Co., Supreme
Court o f North Carolina, 52 Southeastern Reporter, page 129.— David
Biles was injured while in the employment of the railroad company as
a brakeman, owing, as he alleged, to the lack of sufficient provision for
safety on a locomotive engine. In an action for damages, the judge in
the superior court of Anson County had granted a nonsuit, from which
Biles appealed to the supreme court and secured a reversal of the rul
ing of the court below and orders for a new trial.
The facts in the case and the grounds for the ruling of the court
appear in the following extracts from its opinion as delivered by Judge
Hoke:
In Hopkins v. Railroad, 131 N. C. 464, 42 S. E. 902, Douglas J .,
delivering the opinion said: “ It is well settled that on a motion for
nonsuit, or its counterpart, the direction of a verdict, the evidence of
the plaintiff must be accepted as true and construed in the light most
favorable for him.55 Applying this rule to the facts set forth in the
case on appeal, we are or opinion that the plaintiff is entitled to have
his cause submitted to a jury. The plaintiff himself testified that he
was a brakeman on a freight train of defendant company, and on the
night of November 29, 1902, was injured by having his foot run over
and crushed by the engine of the train with which the plaintiff was
then working; that the injury occurred as the train was entering on
the yard at Hamlet, N. C ., where there were a great many tracks and
switches; that it was a part of the plaintiff’s duties at such times to
keep a lookout in front of the engine, and his proper placing for the
purpose was on the pilot of the engine.
A t another point the plaintiff testified that he could not properly per
form the duties, unless ne was stationed in front on the pilot, and that
the defendant would not keep a man who could not keep the train
moving, but was so slow that he would require it to stop to enable
him to do his work; that in order to enable employees, charged with
this duty, to hold their positions, there was usually a short step on the
face of the pilot, eight to ten inches long and wide enough for the
placing of one foot, and a bar or rod along the beam of the pilot, by
which the brakeman could hold on with reasonable safety when the
train was in motion; that this particular engine had the step, but did
not have the rod or other means to enable the plaintiff to hold properly,
and, as the engine was going into the yard, it jostled or careened in
som ew ay—probably by a depression in the rail; that the plaintiff’s
foot was jarred from its position on the step, and, not being able to
hold, his foot slipped under the fore wheel of the engine, was crushed
as stated, and finally had to be amputated, etc. I f these facts are
550
BULLETIN OF THE BUBEAU OF LABOB.
established, there would seem to be a case of negligent injury, not
unlike that of Coley v. Railroad, 128 N. C. 534, 39 S. E. 43, 57 L . R.
A . 817, 83 Am . St. Rep. 720; and unless the facts are successfully con
troverted, or the plaintiff himself has failed to exercise proper care in
the matter, there would be an actionable wrong.
The judge below also expressed an intimation adverse to the plaintiff
on the issue of contributory negligence. Without going into a detailed
statement of the testimony, we are of opinion that on this issue,
also, the case should be submitted to the jury under proper instruc
tions. The plaintiff has stated in one place that it was a dangerous
duty, and he had looked for some one to get hurt in performing it.
But, so far as the mere working on in the performance of a dangerous
duty is concerned, this, while sometimes spoken of as contributory
negligence, is usually and more properly classed and considered under
the head of assumption of risk, and, being a contractual defense,
where it is allowed, is not open to the defendant by reason of the
statute. (Priv. Laws 1897, p. 83, c. 56, sec. 1.) This statute provides
that any employee who is injured by any defect in the machinery,
ways, or appliances of a railroad company shall be entitled to main
tain an action; and section 2 provides that any contract or agreement,
express or implied, made by any employee to waive the benefit of the
aforesaid section, shall be null and void. If, in answer to the first
issue, the jury should find that the plaintiff, while in the performance
of his duty, was injured as the proximate consequence of a defective
engine or "defective appliance, then the defense of assumption of risk
is not open to the defendant. (Coley v. Railroad, supra; s. c. 129 N.
C. 407, 40 S. E . 195, 57 L . R. A . 817.) W hile the mere working on
in the presence of known and dangerous conditions, but in the honest
effort to discharge his duty faithfully, usually treated under the head
of assumption of risk, shall not be considered in bar of the plaintiff’s
recovery, this does not at all mean that in cases of the kind we are now
considering the plaintiff is absolved from all care on his own part.
Except in extraordinary and imminent cases, he is still required to act
with that due care and circumspection which the presence of such con
ditions require, and if, apart from this element of assumption of risk,
the plaintiff has been careless in a manner which amounts to contribu
tory negligence, his action must fail.
There is evidence here tending to show that the plaintiff, at the time
of the injury, in taking his position on the pilot of the engine, was
acting in violation of the rules of the company. W hile the disposition
of the present appeal does not require that we consider evidence
making for the defense, we deem it well to note that the violation of a
known rule of the company, made for an employee’s protection and
safety, when the proximate cause of such employee’s injury, will
usually bar a recovery. This is only true, however, of a rule which
is alive and enforced, and does not obtain where a rule is habitually
violated to the knowledge of the employer or of those who stand
toward the employer in the position of vice-principals, or when a rule
has been violated so frequently and openly, and for such a length of
time, that the employer could, by the exercise of ordinary care, have
ascertained its nonobservance. Under such circumstances the rule is
considered as waived or abrogated.
There was error in the ruling of the court below, and the plaintiff is
entitled to have his cause submitted to the jury.
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
551
E mployers ’ L iability — V ice -P rincipals— F oremen E ngaging in
M anual L abor — C onstruction of S tatute — Missouri, Ka?isas and
Texas Railway Company v. Dean, Court o f Civil Appeals o f Texas,
89 Southwestern Reporter, page 797.— James Dean had recovered dam
ages in an action against the company named, in whose employment
he was when injured. The judgment of the lower court was affirmed
on this appeal on statutory grounds.
It appears that Dean was a member of a “ rustling gang” in the
company’s yards, and was, while thus employed, under the direction
of a foreman, one Franks. Franks had received orders to move a box,
and while working with his gang to this purpose had negligently
dropped his end, thus causing the injury complained of. The company
maintained that the act was not that of a vice-principal, but of a fellowservant, for which it was not liable, though he was, in other respects,
the representative of the company as to Dean. Sayles’ Annotated
Civil Statutes, 1897, art. 4560g (acts of 1897, special session, ch. 6,
sec. 2), makes persons in control of other employees in railway service
vice-principals, and it was by the court’s construction of this section
that the lower court was upheld.
The following quotation from the opinion of the court, as delivered
by Judge James, shows the grounds taken:
The duties of this gang extended to moving things in and about the
premises, and Franks was their foreman in reference to any work they
so performed, and while they were performing it. Any negligence of
his in reference to such work, resulting in injury to one of the gang
while so engaged, would be an act committed in the scope and line of
his duty. It seems to us to be a too narrow view to take of the evi
dence to say that his connection with the service extended no further
than to give orders to the men to do a certain work. The work, while
in progress, was subject to be done in the manner he directed, and in
this instance he directed, tacitly at least, that the box be carried by
the five men, in connection with himself. He testified that he received
orders to move this box. This order came from the master. It was
to be moved as he should direct. It can not well be contended that he
was not the judge of how it should be moved or that his engaging in
the manual work of assisting to move it was foreign to what the mas
ter required of him. In reference to the work throughout, we think
he remained the representative of defendant, and was not a fellowservant of plaintiff. (Sayles’ Ann. Civ. St. 1897, art. 4560g; Sweeney
v. Ry. Co., 84 Tex. 433, 19 S. W . 555, 31 Am . St. Rep. 71; Ry. v.
Smith (Tex. Civ. App.) 72 S. W . 418; Roberts v. Fielder Salt Works
(Tex. Civ. App.) 72 S. W . 618.) The said assignments are therefore
not well taken, nor the fifth assignment, which would have directed
the jury to find for defendant, if they believed that it was no part of
the foreman’s duty to assist the men in carrying the box.
552
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
G arnishment — E xemption of W ages— W aiver —Ralls v. Alabama
Steel and Wire Company et al., Supreme Court o f Alabama, 39 South
ern Reporter, page 369.— The decision in this case turned on the con
struction of section 2038 of the Alabama Code, amended by act, page
37, acts of 1898-99, which provides that wages for personal services
to the amount of $25 per month shall be exempt from levy under a
writ of garnishment or other process for the collection of debts. The
claimant was denied recovery in the city court of Gadsden, and, on
appeal, also in the supreme court.
The facts in the case and the ruling of the court appear in the fol
lowing extracts from the opinion as delivered by Judge Simpson:
This was an action commenced in the justice court, being an action
by appellant (plaintiff) against Ben Wofford, defendant, and Alabama
Steel and W ire Company, as garnishee. The garnishee answered that
it was indebted to the defendant to the amount of $13.80, being a bal
ance due out of $39 which defendant had earned in September. The
defendant filed in the justice court an affidavit claiming the amount
due him as exempt, and including therein a full inventory of all the
personal property owned by him, which consisted of the amount
answered by the garnishee and a few plates, worth only 25 cents.
But the judgment on which this garnishment was issuea was on a
claim in which the right of exemption had been waived. This court
has recently decided that this statute is not unconstitutional, and that
“ its obvious purpose was to take away the process of garnishment as
a means of subjecting to the payment of debts the wages * * * to
the amount of $25 per month in all cases” ; also, th a t46no exception
is made in respect of debts as to which the debtor has waived his
exemptions.” (Richardson v. Kaufman, 39 South. 368.) So that the
defense in this case rests upon the construction of the statute. The
statute is peremptory that it is the duty of the court to dismiss the
garnishment, when the answer of the garnishee shows an indebtedness
not amounting to more than $25 per month.
The statute does not state that the defendant shall be earning only
$25 per month, nor that, if he has received $25 during the month, the
remainder shall be subject, but simply that wages up to the amount
shall be absolutely exempt, so that, when the answer disclosed, not
that the man is not earning more than $25, but that “ when the fact of
such indebtedness is disclosed”— that is, an indebtedness of $25 or less
as the proceeds of one month’s labor— the case is to be dismissed, with
out any claim or motion; so that in that case the status is just as it
would have been before the amendment, if a claim of $25 wages due
had been filed and the claim sustained. It would unreasonably multi
ply the issues to be tried to hold otherwise; for, as shown by the
previous decisions of this court, he is entitled at all times, when the
strong arm of the law is laid upon his wages, to have $25 out of each
month’s wages free from interference. It may be that the remaining
part of his wages has already been subjected by other garnishments to
the payment of his debts, or it may be that, knowing that the law
secures that much to him for the sustenance of himself and family, he
has already appropriated the remainder to the payment of his debts.
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
553
The court can not undertake to inquire into these matters, and the
simplest solution is to follow the wording of the statute and the analo
gies of the law of exemptions, and hold that, when the answer of the
garnishee discloses an amount due not exceeding $25 as the wages of
one month, the duty of the court is to dismiss the case.
R ight of H ackmen to Solicit Custom— M onopoly — C ontrol of
R ailw ay P roperty — U se of S idewalks — I njunction—Donovan et al.
v. Pennsylvania Company, Supreme Court o f the United States, 26
Supreme Court Reporter, page 91.— The Pennsylvania Company, a cor
poration owning and controlling railways and a passenger station within
the city of Chicago, had secured from the United States circuit court
for the northern district of Illinois an injunction prohibiting the defend
ants— hack drivers, and members of the Chicago Hack, Coupe, and Cab
Drivers5 Union— and all others to whom notice of the injunction should
come, from entering the company’s passenger station to solicit the
custom of incoming passengers for cabs, carriages, express wagons, or
hotels, and directing them to 46absolutely desist and refrain from con
gregating upon the sidewalk in front of, adjacent to, or about such
entrances to said passenger station, and from soliciting the custom of
passengers for cabs, carriages, express wagons, or hotels until the fur
ther order of the court in the premises.”
On appeal to the United States circuit court of appeals, the conclud
ing clause of the injunction was modified so as to restrain the hackmen
44from congregating upon the sidewalk in front of, adjacent to, or
about the entrances of appellee’s passenger station * * * and from
there soliciting the custom of passengers so as to interfere with the
ingress and egress of passengers and employees. ” Subsequently the cir
cuit court passed a final decree in this modified form, which was affirmed
by the court of appeals, and finally, on this appeal to the Supreme
Court, was affirmed by that court.
Practically all passengers going to or departing from the passenger
station make use of the main entrance on Canal street and the company
had made an agreement with the Parmelee Transfer Company to attend
to the matter of transferring passengers to other stations in the city
and also of taking them to hotels and elsewhere as desired. The com
pany charged a conspiracy among defendants to injure its business and
property rights by gathering in rows and groups on the adjacent side
walk and by entering the station at its main entrance by twos and
threes, against the company^ protest, and with loud and boisterous
voices and manner soliciting the custom of incoming passengers, to
the annoyance and confusion of such passengers and to the injury and
damage of the plaintiffs. The injunction first granted was practically
554
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
in the form prayed for, covering a claim to control the abutting
sidewalks.
The case was* before the Supreme Court on a writ of certiorari,
allowing it to discuss all questions arising on the record. Apart from
the nature of the remedy, the subject involved two principal inquiries,
which were disposed of by M r. Justice Harlan, who spoke for the
court, as follows:
Upon the pleadings two principal inquiries arise: First, whether the
Pennsylvania Company, having made an arrangement with the Parmelee "Transfer Company to furnish, at its passenger station, from
time to time, all vehicles necessary for the accommodation of passen
gers arriving there on its trains or on the trains of other railroad
companies, may legally exclude from its depot grounds or passenger
station all hackmen or expressmen coming to either for the purpose
only of soliciting for themselves the custom or patronage of passengers.
Second, whether in virtue of its ownership of the passenger station
and depot grounds in question, the railroad company is entitled, in
prosecuting its business, to any greater privileges in respect of the use
of the sidewalk and street in front of the main entrance to such station
than belonged to the defendants in the prosecution of their business.
Much has been said in argument as to the functions and duties of
railroad companies. Under the decisions of this court there can be
no doubt as to the nature of those functions or duties. In New Jersey
Steam Nav. Co. v. Merchants’ Bank, 6 How. 844 ,3 82 ,1 2 L . ed. 465,482,
this court held that a corporation engaged, under legislative authority,
in the transportation of passengers and freight over navigable waters,
was u in the exercise of a sort of public office, and has public duties
to perform.” In Olcott v. Fond du Lac County, 16 W all. 678, 694,
695, 21 L. ed. 382, 388, it was adjudged that a railroad, whether con
structed by a private corporation or by individuals under the authority
of a legislative grant, or by the State itself, was a public highway, and
that the function performed by the corporation was that of the State,
and the uses to which its property was devoted were of a public
nature. Again, in Cherokee Nation v. Southern Kansas R. Co., 135
U . S. 641, 657, 34 L . ed. 295, 302, 10 Sup. Ct, Rep. 965, 971: “ The
question is no longer an open one, as to whether a railroad is a public
highway, established primarily for the convenience of the people, and
to subserve public ends, and therefore subject to governmental control
and regulation. It is because it is a public highway, and subject to
such control, that the corporation by which it is constructed, and by
which it is to be maintained, may be permitted, under legislative
sanction, to appropriate private property for the purposes o f a right
of way, upon making just compensation to the owner in the mode pre
scribed by law.” Necessarily, the same principles apply in reference
to the use of the company’s station house and depot grounds; for they
are held in the same right as are its road, its locomotives, and other
property or appliances employed in the transportation of passengers
and freight, and must be devoted primarily to public use to the extent
necessary for the public objects intended to be accomplished by the
construction and maintenance of the railroad as a highway.
It by no means follows, however, that the company may not estab
lish such reasonable rules, in respect to the use of its property, as the
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING- LABOR.
555
public convenience and its interests may suggest, provided only that
such rules are consistent with the ends for which the corporation was
created, and not inconsistent with public regulations legally established
for the conduct of its business. Although its functions are public in
their nature, the company holds the legal title to the property which
it has undertaken to employ in the discharge of those functions. And,
as incident to ownership, it may use the property for the purposes of
making profit for itself; such use, however, being always subject to
the ’condition that the property must be devoted primarily to public
objects, without discrimination among passengers and shippers, and
not be so managed as to defeat these objects. It is required, under all
circumstances, to do what may be reasonably necessary and suitable
for the accommodation of passengers and shippers. But it is under no
obligation to refrain from using its property to the best advantage of
the public and of itself. It is not bound to so use its property that others,
having no business with it, may make profit to themselves. Its prop
erty is to be deemed, in every legfal sense, private property as between
it and those of the general public who have no occasion to use it for
purposes of transportation.
Applying these principles to the case before us, it would seem to be
clear that the Pennsylvania Company had the right— if it was not its
legal duty— to erect and maintain a passenger station and depot build
ings in Chicago for the accommodation of passengers and shippers as
well as for its own benefit; and that it was its duty to manage that
station so as to subserve, primarily, the convenience, comfort, and
safety of passengers and the wants of shippei’s. It was therefore its
duty to see to it that passengers were not annoyed, disturbed, or
obstructed in the use either of its station house or of the grounds over
which such passengers, whether arriving or departing, would pass.
It was to that end— primarily, as we may assume from the record—
that the Pennsylvania Company made an arrangement with a single
company to supply all vehicles necessary for passengers. W e can not
say that that axrangement was either unnecessary, unreasonable, or
arbitrary; on the contrary, it is easy to see how, in a great city, and
in a constantly crowded railway station, such an arrangement might
promote the comfort and convenience of passengei’s arriving and
departing, as well as the efficient conduct of the company’s business.
The record does not show that the arrangement referred to was inade
quate for the accommodation of passengei*s. But if inadequate, or if
the transfer company was allowed to charge exorbitant prices, it was
for passengers to complain of neglect of duty by the railroad com
pany, and for the constituted authorities to take steps to compel the
company to perform its public functions with due regard to the rights
of passengei’s. The question of any failure of the company to prop
erly care for the convenience of passengers was not one that, in any
legal aspect, concerned the defendants as licensed hackmen and cab
men. It was not for them to vindicate the rights of passengers. They
only sought to use the property of the railroad company to make
profit in the prosecution of their particular business. A hackman,
m nowise connected with the railroad company, can not, of right
and against the objections of the company, go upon its grounds or
into its station or cars for the purpose simply of soliciting the custom of
passengei's; but, of course, a passenger, upon arriving at the station,
556
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
in whatever vehicle, is entitled to have such facilities for his entering
the company’s depot as may be necessary.
Here the defendants press the suggestion that they are entitled to
the same rights as were accorded by special arrangement to the
Parmelee Transfer Company. They insist, in effect, that, as carriers
of passengers, they are entitled to transact their business at any place,
which, under the authority of law, is devoted primarily to public
uses— certainly, in any place open to another carrier engaged in the
same kind of business. But this contention, when applied to the pres
ent case, can not be sustained. The railroad company was not bound
to accord this particular privilege to the defendants simply because it
had accorded a like privilege to the Parmelee Transfer Company; for
it had no contractual relations with the defendants, and owed them, as
hackmen, no duty to aid them in their special calling. The defend
ants did not have, or profess to have, any business of their own with
the company. In meeting their obligations to the public, whatever
the nature of those obligations, the defendants could use any property
owned by them, but they could not, of right, use the property of others
against their consent. It is true that by its arrangement with the
railroad company the Parmelee Company was given an opportunity to
control, to a great extent, the business of carrying passengers from
the Union Passenger Depot to other railway stations and to hotels or
private houses in Chicago. But in a real, substantial, legal sense, that
arrangement can not be regarded as a monopoly in the odious sense of
that word, nor does it involve an improper use bv the railroad com
pany of its property. That arrangement is to be deemed, not unreas
onably, a means devised for the convenience of passengers and of the
railroad company, and as involving such use by the company of its
roperty as is consistent with the proper performance of its public
uties and its ownership of the property in question. I f the company,
by such use of its property, also derived pecuniary profit for itself,
that was a matter of no concern to the defendants, and gave them no
ground of complaint.
W e have seen that the original temporary restraining order of the
circuit court was, in general terms, to the effect that the defendants
desist from congregating upon the sidewalk in front of, adjacent to,
or about the entrance to tne company’s passenger station, and from
soliciting the custom of passengers for cabs, etc., until the further
order of the dourt; and that this order was so modified in the circuit
court of appeals as to restrain only such congregating by defendants
upon the sidewalk as would interfere with the ingress and egress of
passengers and employees. W e take it that the final decree recog
nized the right of the defendants in prosecuting their business to con
gregate, in reasonable numbers, upon the sidewalks in front of, adja
cent to, or about the entrance of the company’s station, and from there
soliciting the custom of passengers, providing such use of the side
walks did not obstruct the ingress and egress of passengers and
employees.
A s the railroad company did not appeal from the final decree of the
circuit court, it can not, upon this appeal, complain of any of its pro
visions. The defendants did appeal, and they object to the decree
relating to the use of the sidewalk and street in front of the main
entrance to the passenger depot.
P
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
557
That the railroad company, by its agents and employees, are entitled,
in prosecuting its business, to use, in all appropriate ways, the side
walk and street in front of its station and depot grounds, can not be
doubted, that right being appurtenant to the lands upon which its sta
tion house and depot grounds stand. Passengers may, therefore, in
their own right, as well as in the right of the company, use the side
walk in order to gain access to the depot grounds and station, or to
reach the public street when leaving the station.
Referring to the rights of abutting owners, the supreme court of
Illinois, in Field v. Barling, 149 111. 556, 571, 24 L . R. A . 406, 411, 41
Am . St. Rep. 311, 37 N. E. 850, said: “ The dedication of the street by
the plat, the sale of lots with reference to it, conveyance of abutting
lots, and the payment of the money for the conveyances, were elements
sufficient to create the right. The right may be regarded in the nature
of an incorporeal hereditament. It becomes appurtenant to the lots.
A s to the rights secured, they are plain: To have the street kept open,
so that free access may be had to and from lots abutting on the street.”
In the later case of Pennsylvania Co. v. Chicago, 181 111. 289, 53
L. R. A . 223, 54 N. E. 825, above cited, that court adjudged that the
title to the streets in Chicago was vested in the city, and “ it has the con
servation, control, management, and supervision of such trust property,
and it is its duty to defend and protect the title of such trust estate.
The city has no power or authority to grant the exclusive use of its
streets to any private person or for any private purposes; but must
hold and control the possession exclusively for public use for purposes
of travel and the like.”
But the right of the railroad company, as abutting owner, and the
rights of passengers, are not, in their nature, paramount to the rights
of others of the general public to use the sidewalk in question in legiti
mate ways and for legitimate purposes. Licensed hackmen and cab
men, unless forbidden by valid local regulations, may, within reasonable
limits, use a public sidewalk in prosecuting their calling, provided such
use is not materially obstructive in its nature; that is, of such exclu
sive character as, in a substantial sense, to prevent others from also
using it upon equal terms, for legitimate purposes. Generally speak
ing, public sidewalks and streets are for use by all, upon equal terms,
for any purpose consistent with the object for which such sidewalks
and streets are established; subject, of course, to such valid regulations
as may be prescribed by the constituted authorities for the pubJic con
venience; this, to the end that, as far as possible, the rights of all may
be conserved without undue discrimination.
By the Illinois statutes it is provided that the city council in cities
may regulate the use of streets and sidewalks, and license, tax, and
regulate hackmen, omnibus drivers, carters, cabmen, porters,
expressmen, and all others pursuing like occupations, and to prescribe
their compensation. (Hurd’s Rev. Stat. (111.) 1901, pp. 285, 287.)
And by ordinance of the city council of Chicago it is provided that
“ any licensed hackne}r, coach, cab, or other vehicles for the convey
ance of passengers, may stand, while waiting for employment, at the
following places, and for the period of time hereinafter provided:
* * * Stand No. 4. The east side of Canal street, occupying 110
feet between Adams and Madison streets, as the superintendent of
police shall direct * * * Stand No. 6. A t all railroad depots ten
minutes previous to the arrival of all passenger trains.” (Rev. Code
5929— No. 6 3 -0 6 -— 15
558
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
of Chicago, sec. 498.) The validity of this ordinance has been sus
tained by the supreme court of Illinois. (Pennsylvania Co. v. Chicago,
181 111. 299, 53 L . R. A . 223, 54 N. E. 825.) Perceiving nothing in
the above provisions inconsistent with any right secured by the Con
stitution of the United States, we accept the decision of the State court
as* authoritative upon this point. When, therefore, licensed hackmen
and cabmen, at appropriate times, placed their vehicles in the public
street, next to the sidewalk, in front of the company’s passenger house,
they did not violate the regulations established by the city council.
Nor, so far as the plaintiff is concerned, did they violate such regula
tions, when, leaving their vehicles in the public street, at the appointed
places, they stood near by them for a reasonable time upon the side
walk, awaiting the coming of passengers from the station house.
W hat they could not legally do— what the final decree properly for
bade them to do— was to congregate upon the sidewalk in front of,
adjacent to, or about the passenger house, so as to interfere with the
ingress and egress of passengers. O f course, any use of the sidewalk
in whatever way that would unnecessarily or unduly obstruct and
interfere with passengers in their going or coming would be inconsist
ent with the rights of such passengers as well as an infringement of
the right of the company, as abutting property owner, to have, by its
agents and employees, for the purposes of its business, reasonable
access to and from the sidewalk and the public street.
A s to the propriety of granting an injunction in such a case, Justice
Harlan said:
It only remains to inquire as to the competency of a court of equity
to give the railroad company the relief it sought. The defendants
insist that equity can not properly interfere, But the inadequacy of
a legal remedy in such a case as this one is quite apparent. According
to the record the attempt of the defendants, despite the objections of
the company, to use its station house and depot grounds for the pur
pose of meeting passengers and soliciting their patronage, was of
constant, daily, almost hourly occurrence. The case was one of a con
tinuing trespass, involving injury of a permanent nature. A suit at
law could only have determined the particular wrong occurring on a
particular occasion, and would not reach other wrongs of a like char
acter that would occur almost every hour of each day, as passengers
arrived at the station of the company. The same state of things existed
in reference to such use of the sidewalk in front of the passenger sta
tion as unduly interfering with the rights of passengers arriving and
departing. Only a court of equity was competent to meet such an
unusual emergency, and by a comprehensive decree determine finally
and once for all the entire controversy between the parties, thus avoid
ing a multiplicity of suits, and conserving the public interests. No
remedy at law would be so complete or efficacious as a suit in equity
in such a case as this one. The supreme court of Illinois well said in
Chicago General R. Co. v. Chicago, B. & Q. R. Co. 181 111. 605, 611,
54 N. E. 1026: “ When irreparable injury is spoken of, it is not meant
that the injury is beyond the possibility of repair, or beyond the possi
bility of compensation in damages, but it must be of such constant
and frequent occurrence that no fair or reasonable redress can be had
therefor in a court of law.”
The decree of the circuit court of appeals is affirmed.
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
559
D ECISIO N S U N D ER CO M M O N L A W .
E mployers ’ L iability — C losed S hop — S election of S uperin
R estrictions b y L abor O rganizations — Farmer v.
Kearney, Supreme Court o f Louisiana, 39 Southern Reporter, page
967.—In this case George Farmer sued in the civil district court,
Parish of Orleans, to recover damages from a contracting stevedore,
Kearney, for injuries received while loading a ship for said Kearney.
The case is one of unusual interest on account of the defense which
was successfully interposed, both the district court and, on appeal, the
supreme court of the State denying any right of recovery in the cir
cumstances. This defense was, in brief, that on account of the appli
cation of the 4‘ closed shop” principle the employer was relieved of
the selection of the coemployees of the injured, party, and by conse
quence likewise of the liability that would attach in case of negligent
selection.
The opinion of the court, which also presents the facts in the case,
was delivered by Judge Nicholls, and is given herewith in full:
ten d en t —
The plaintiff in this suit was severely injured while engaged as a
screwman, loading cotton in the hold of the steamship Chancellor. The
injury was caused by the falling into an open hatchway of a bale of
cotton which was being loaded into the vessel. He was not in a posi
tion to see or know exactly how or through whose instrumentality the
bales fell, but he charges that the cotton was loaded into the ship by
means of a derrick and appliances connected with the same; that the
bale which struck him was one of two bales which were not well fas
tened and secure in the sling attached to the derrick, and that the par
ties operating the derrick and its appliances operated the same in too
great haste while lowering them into the hold of the ship; that the
bight of the sling that took hold of the cotton and lowered it into the
hold was entirely too long, and the bale which struck him was loosened
and fell out of the sling. H e alleges that defendant was the steve
dore employed to load the vessel (at the time of the injury received by
him), in charge of the gang operating the derrick from which the bale
of cotton fell which injured him; that the stevedore, Kearney, his
agents, servants, and employees operating the derrick and its appli
ances, were guilty in so operating them of gross negligence and fault,
want of due care, and ordinary skill.
The case is submitted to us with a claim to liability on the part of
the defendant as an employer under circumstances very exceptional in
character.
In the brief filed on behalf of the defendant, his counsel say:
“ It is evident that the commerce o f the port of New Orleans is
handled by two associations— the Longshoremen’s Benevolent Associ
ation, which handles cotton up to the time that the sling is attached to
the hoist, and the Screwmen’s Association, which handles it from that
time until it reaches the hold of the ship.
“ These two associations control absolutely the commerce of the port,
forming together what is known as the the 4Dock and Cotton Council,’
560
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
and enforcing the rules of this council by boycott or strike. The Screwmen’s Association refuses to take cotton from anybody but members of
the Longshoremen’s Association, and the Longshoremen’s Association
refuses to deliver the cotton to anybody but members of the Screwmen’s Association.
“ The stevedore does not, and is not allowed to, come in contact
with the individual. He can not employ the individual, but must
employ an entire gang, which is made up of members of this associa
tion among themselves, and to which they designate one of them
selves as foreman. These screwmen are supreme aboard ship. They
handle the cotton from the moment the sling is attached to the hoist.
One of the rights which they demand is that one of the gang must
operate the winch. They themselves select the man who is to operate
the winch. The stevedore is not allowed any choice in the matter,
and on the day of the accident the screwman and the members of the
gang in which plaintiff worked, designated 6Tony,’ one of their gang,
to operate the winch.
“ Every witness in this case, including the plaintiff himself, has tes
tified that the stevedore is not allowed any choice in the selection of
the winchman, and if, on the day in question, the defendant had put
the most expert machinist to operate this winch, all of the screwmen
would have left the work, and would have declined to return to work
until one of their number had been reinstated at the winch.”
The plaintiff and his fellow-workmen were engaged in loading cot
ton from the wharf into the hold of the ship. The operation consists
in hoisting the cotton from the wharf by means of a steam winch and
lowering it into the hold, where it is stored. This work is subdi
vided by the arbitrary regulation of a certain element of labor in the
city of New Orleans. The cotton is handled on the wharf and the
rope attached to the hoisting gear by a class of men called “ long
shoremen.” The hoisting gear is operated and the cotton detached
therefrom and stored by a class of men called “ screwmen.” Under
the regulations which these labor associations have established, and as
conditions imposed by them, the longshoremen will not handle the
cotton that is not hoisted and stored by screwmen, and the screwmen
will not hoist and store cotton th.at is not handled by the longshoremen.
Whatever, therefore, may be the particular work that these respective
laborers may be assigned to, it is evident they are engaged in the com
mon work and undertaking of loading cotton from the wharf into the
hold of the ship. The man operating the winch was a screwman, and
belonged to the same gang as the plaintiff. The hoisting of the cotton
by means of the steam winch and lowering it into the hold, where it is
detached and placed in position, is a common work or undertaking.
It is evidently considered such by the screwmen themselves, for the
reasons that in the gangs which they make up to do this work they
always include and require the master to employ one of their men to
operate the steam winch. On the occasion of this injury the steam
winch was operated by one of the plaintiff’s fellow gangmen or workers.
The evidence establishes that, while the longshoremen’s organization
and the screwmen’s organization are distinct and separate associations,
they none the less, by some kind of an agreement made between them
selves, act in concert as to working or refusing to work. The viola
tion by a stevedore of the rules and regulations of one of the two
DECISIONS OF COUBTS AFFECTING LABOB.
561
associations is practically and substantially acted upon as a violation
of the rules and regulations of the other.
The men working on shore at the time of the accident in placing the
cotton bales into the sling were Mathieu and Adler, two men belong
ing to the Longshoremen’s Association. The man on the ship engaged
at the hoist or “ winch” was a member of the Screwmen’s Association
name “ Tony.” In his pleadings the plaintiff threw the blame of the
accident upon all three of these parties; but in his argument, after the
evidence was all in, seems to throw it upon the men on shore. In their
testimony the two men on shore throw the blame upon the man at the
winch. They maintain that, when the two bales which were on the
sling at the time of the accident reached the ship they were permitted
(intentionally or unintentionally) to rest upon some cotton bales which
were upon the ship’s deck, when the man Tony who was at the winch
loosened or relaxed the hold of the sling upon them and by doing so
caused one of them to roll out and fall into the hold, where it struck
and injured the plaintiff. There is some conflict of evidence as to what
occasioned the falling of the bale from the sling.
Under the view we take of the rights and obligations of the parties
it is not necessary for us to determine which of the workmen was
responsible for the falling.
When a person contracting for work which he engaged to do needs
a number of workmen to perform the same, the individual workmen
employed rely upon the contractor’s having and exercising proper
knowledge, skill, and prudence in the selection of the workmen other
than themselves; that he will see to it that the}7 each have proper
knowledge, skill, and prudence. They rely, also, upon his exercising
himself (or through some one whom he selects to represent him) due
care, knowledge, and prudence in superintending the workmen as they
work; that he will see that they perform their work properly. The
workmen may, however, elect in any particular case, as between them
selves and the contractor, to relieve the latter from these duties and
obligations, and the responsibility resulting from their nonperform
ance, by selecting agencies of their own choice, to which they look
for their own proper protection, and which they substitute for that
purpose for the contractor. The responsibility of the contractor rests
upon freedom of action in the selection of the workmen and in his
superintendence over them. When the individual workmen, instead
of allowing matters to take their usual shape and course, make it a
condition of their consent to accepting service that he (the contractor)
will yield in their favor this right of freedom of action as to selection
and superintendence, they absolve him from responsibility which
would otherwise be thrown upon him and look to that of their own
selected agencies. When the workmen delegate to a labor organiza
tion which they have joined (and to others in privity with their own
organization) the right of selection and superintendence, they agree
to accept the membership of their fellow-workmen in those organiza
tions, and the action of those associations, ipso facto, as a good and
sufficient guaranty to them for their individual safety and protection,
so far as the contractor is concerned. I f they deem membership in
organizations as conferring benefits upon them, they can not accept
the benefits and repudiate the resulting legal disadvantages.
For the reasons assigned herein, it is hereby ordered and decreed
that the judgment appealed from be, and it is hereby, affirmed.
562
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
E mployers ’ L ia bility — F ellow -S ervants —Mollhoff v. Chicago,
Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Company, Supreme Court o f Okla
homa, 82 Pacific Reporter, page 788.— This case was before the
supreme court on appeal from the district court of Caddo County, in
which judgment had been rendered for the defendant company. This
judgment was affirmed by the supreme court, the ruling being that
the negligence, if any, was that of a fellow-servant.
Mollhoff was a laborer in a construction gang, working about a
steam shovel. The engineer of the shovel, one Butler, had charge of
the gang of men, whom he employed, directed, and discharged at
times and for whom* he made out checks.
Mollhoff claimed that
Butler was a vice-principal, for whose negligence the company was
responsible. The case presents no point of particular interest apart
from the fact that it is one of the earliest in which this court has
broadly considered the doctrine of coservice. A s presenting its rul
ing on this subject, the following syllabus, prepared by the court, is
reproduced:
1. An employee is entitled to recover damages for injuries suffered
through the personal fault or misconduct of his employer; but when
the employer has been personally free from blame, and the injury
results from the fault or misconduct of a fellow-servant, it would
seem reasonable that the wrongdoer should be alone responsible, and
one who is innocent should not be called upon to pay damages.
2. A vice-principal is one who is charged with or engaged in the
performance of one of the positive duties of the master, which the
master cannot delegate to another so as to relieve himself from liabil
ity, or who is placed in the absolute control or management of an
entire business, or of a distinct department of a business; and for the
negligent acts of a vice-principal, whereby an injury results to an
employee, the master is liable.
3. The law presumes that all persons engaged in the common
employment of the same master, though different in rank, are fellowservants, and the burden is on him who claims damages for an injury
caused by the negligence of one employed by the same master to show
that his coemployee is a vice-principal and stands in the place of the
master.
4. The master or employer is not liable for an injury to one
employee occasioned by the negligence of another employee engaged
in the same general undertaking, and it is not necessary that the
servants should be engaged in the same operation or particular work.
It is sufficient to bring the case within the general rule of exemption
if they are in the employment of the same master, engaged in the
same common enterprise, and both employed to perform duties tend
ing to accomplish the same general purpose or directed to the accom
plishment of the same general end.
5. In cases involving the application of general propositions of law,
and not modified or controlled by statutory provisions, it is the policy
of this court to adopt and follow the law as laid down by the Supreme
Court of the United States.
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
563
E mployers ’ L iability — Safe Place and A ppliances— A ssumption
R isk — A ssurance of S afety — Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and
St. Louis Railway Company v. Patterson, Appellate Court o f Indiana,
75 Northeastern Reporter, page 857.— Samuel N. Patterson had ob
tained a judgment for damages in the circuit court of Decatur County,
and the company appealed. Patterson was an engineer in the employ
of the company and had been ordered by his superior to take out and
operate a locomotive that was out of repair and in a dangerous condi
tion. In reply to his protests he was assured by his foreman that the
engine was all right and was threatened that unless he took it out he
would be discharged. Patterson took the engine and was injured, as
the court below held, on account of the defective condition of said
engine. The appellate court upheld this decision and ruled as follows
on the question of the assumption of risks and the effect of the employ
er’s assurance of safety, Judge Rob} speaking for the court:
of
The doctrine that the servant, who remains in employment after
knowledge of the danger, thereby assumes the risk, depends upon
an implied contract deduced from such facts.
Where there is an
expressed contract there can be no implied one.
There is no reason why the master may not contract to assume all
risk arising from defective appliances furnished by him. The author
of a recent text-book says: “ It may be collected from the most unani
mous current of judicial authority that, if the servant complains of or
directs attention to a defect or danger in the place where he is required
to work, or in the tools, machinery, or appliances with which he is
required to work, and thereupon the master or his representative,
assures him that he can proceed without danger, and requests or com
mands him to continue his work, the servant will not, as a matter of
law, be put in the position of having accepted the risk, or of having
been guilty of contributory negligence, because of retying upon the
presumedly superior knowledge of his master or his master’s repre
sentative, and continuing the work. The servant will not be imputable
with wrong for thus acting upon the advice or assurance of the master
or his vice-principal, nor will it lie in the mouth of the master to
impute blame to the servant for so doing.” (Thompson, Neg. sec.
4664.) The conclusion stated accords with our own cases. (Phillips
v. Michael, 11 Ind. App. 672, 39 N. E. 669; Bradbury etal. v. Good
win, 108 Ind. 286, 9 N. E. 302.) It does not follow that one who
works with a defective appliance or machine is necessarily guilty of
contributory negligence because of so doing. (American Car & Foun
dry Co. v. Clark, 32 Ind. App. 644, 70 N. E. 828.)
Appellee does not appear to have been, at the time of his injury,
doing anything unusual or unnecessary to the operation of the engine
in its then condition.
Judgment affirmed.
564
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
I njunctions— L abor U nions— I nd ividual D efendants — Curphey
and Mundy et al. v. Terrell et al. , Supreme Court o f Mississippi, 39
Southern Reporter, page lfl7.— W ith other complainants, Curphey and
Mundy, contractors and builders, had procured an injunction against
certain persons, members of carpenters5 unions, following a strike in
which the latter sought to compel the complainants to employ only
union men. The bill of complaint did not join all the members of the
unions, nor were the persons named therein proceeded against as mem
bers of the unions. There was no averment of joint conspiracy,
neither were the unions made parties in the case. Under these condi
tions the parties named in the bill sought to have the injunction
dissolved, and from a decree of the chancery court of Warren County,
granting such dissolution as to certain defendants, this appeal was
taken. The ruling of the lower court was affirmed, as appears from
the following extract from the remarks of Judge Truly, who spoke for
the court:
Under such state of case, in the absence of a specific charge of con
spiracy, the chancellor rightly dealt with each of the parties defendant
as an individual, and decided upon the merits of the case against each
defendant "upon the testimony relating directly to him. A careful
inspection of the record fails to satisfy us of the incorrectness of the
conclusion of the chancellor in dissolving the injunction against certain
of the defendants. The injunction was retained against all those
shown by the record to have actually and violently committed a tres
pass upon the property or rights of the appellants, or who personally
attempted to intimidate their nonunion employees. This is as far as
the law warranted the chancellor in going. Surely the most advanced
advocate of 44 government by injunction55 could not ask that a private
individual be enjoined from "the exercise of his constitutional privilege
of freedom of action and speech, when his conduct does not amount to
a violation of the law or an invasion of the rights of others. Had the
bill of complaint sought to restrain the labor unions of Vicksburg as
organizations, or charged a conspiracy among all the associated mem
bers or the individuals made defendant, and this averment supported
by proof, an entirely different question would have been presented.
Dealing with the case made by the pleadings and proof, the testimony
for the appellants does not overcome the presumption of correctness
which attaches to the decision of the chancellor.
The decree is affirmed.
L abor O rganizations— A ctions
against
U nincorporated A sso
ciations— C onspiracy — P icketing —Marges
Furniture Company v.
Amalgamated Woodwork#)^ Local Union No. 131, et alSupreme
Court of Indiana, 75 Northeastern Reporter, page 877.— The furniture
company named had undertaken to procure an injunction against the
union and its members, among whom were striking employees of the
company and of other furniture manufacturers of the city. The object
aimed at was to enjoin picketing, intimidation, and other interference
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
565
with the business of the company. The superior court of Vander
burgh County had granted an injunction against certain defendants
named, but refused to grant one as against the union and all its mem
bers generally. This position of the court, as well as the right of the
strikers to maintain pickets, was upheld by the supreme court, to
which an appeal had been taken to secure an enlargement of the
enjoining order.
The conclusions reached and the grounds therefor appear in the
following extracts from the opinion of the court, which was delivered
by Judge Hadley:
1. The first question to be considered is, can an action be maintained
against an unincorporated society or association ? Corporations may
in their corporate name sue and be sued and hold title to property.
On the other hand, in the absence of an enabling statute defining the
rights and liabilities of the members, societies, associations, partner
ships, and other bodies, combined under their own rule, for their own
private benefit, and without any express sanction of law, are not, in
the collective capacity and name, recognized at common law as having
any legal existence distinct from their members. Hence no power to
sue or be sued in the company name. Such unincorporated associa
tions, so far as their rights and liabilities are concerned, are rated as
partnerships, and to enforce a right either for or against them, as in
partnerships, the name of all the individual members must be set
forth, either as plaintiffs or defendants. [Cases cited.]
W e have no statute abrogating the rule at common law. Hence it
must be held that this rule is still in force in this State, and, regardless
of the evidence, the court committed no error in denying an injunction
against the appellee the Amalgamated Woodworkers’ Union.
2. Does the finding show a conspiracy to injure the plaintiff? A
conspiracy is defined to be u a combination of two or more persons,
by some concerted action, to accomplish a criminal or unlawful pur
pose, or to accomplish a purpose, not in itself criminal or unlawful, by
criminal or unlawful means.” It is disclosed by the special finding
that the Woodworkers’ Union of Evansville had about 600 members,
all employed in some one of the ten furniture factories in said city, and
of the appellees nine were nonmembers and the others were members
of the union. On March 17, 1903, at a meeting of the union it was
resolved by a free vote of the members, 330 to 17, that all members
should, on April 1, 1903, as a body, discontinue their work at their
several places of employment, unless meanwhile the employers, includ
ing the plaintiff, should agree to an advance in wages, to a shorter
workday, and to furnish a scale of prices to be paid piece workers.
Appellees all, except the nonmembers, either voted for the resolution
or subsequently ratified it. By order of the union, notice of the
demands, signed by the president and secretary, was on March 21
delivered to the plaintiff. On April 1, the demands upon the employers
not having been complied with, all the plaintiff’s employees, but about
20 nonmembers of the union, each one acting voluntarily in concert
with others, and in pursuance of the agreement and vote, quit their
employment and left the plaintiff’s factory. Soon after the strike was
inaugurated, the union, with the participation or subsequent ratifica
tion of the appellees, organized a picket system, whereby pickets were
566
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
regularly and daily maintained in the vicinity of all the factories
affected by the strike. Each morning a meeting of the union was held
to distribute food supplies, to appoint picket committees, composed of
from two to eight men, to receive reports therefrom, and to consider
such means as might be necessary to compel the plaintiff to grant its
demands. The pickets thus chosen, to avoid recognition by employers,
were assigned so that no one would picket the factory where he had
been employed. The pickets were uniformly instructed by the presi
dent and other officers of the union before going on duty to take note
of those entering and leaving the factory, to ascertain their names and
places of residence, and, as far as they could, by fair and peaceful
means to influence those remaining at work to quit, and prevent new
men from entering to take the places of those on strike. It was often
declared by the president, and always unanimously indorsed by the
members present, that the policy of the union was: First. That the
members of the union should endeavor by peaceable persuasion, and not
otherwise, to induce such wood workers as were not members of said
union, and who remained in the employ of the plaintiff and other
employers, to join the union and cooperate in the strike. Second.
That they should seek the acquaintance of such working nonunion men,
visit them at their homes, and there, and at all other suitable places,
discuss with them the mutual benefits of the union, and the importance
of their quitting work, and by fair argument and peaceable measures
try to induce them both to cease working and attach themselves to the
union. Third. That under no circumstances should any striker en
deavor, by any form of violence, threats, or intimidations, to influence
the acts and conduct of any one engaged or about to engage at work in
said factories, including the plaintiff’s. The peaceable policy adopted
by the union, and given as instructions to the pickets, was adopted and
given in good faith, and the defendants individually and collectively,
as members of the union, at all times intended to effectuate the pur
poses of the strike by lawful means, and not by violence^ threats, or
intimidation.
The plaintiff’s factory is so situate that many miners, molders, and
other workmen reside in the neighborhood, and pass and repass the
plaintiff’s factory in going to and from their work, and occasionally
groups or crowds of men generally composed in small part of strikers,
would assemble in the alley and streets about the plaintiff’s factory,
and sometimes accost the plaintiff’s workmen as they entered or left the
factory, by calling them scabs and other opprobrious names. On the
7th and 8th of April, and on subsequent days, certain of the employees
of the plaintiff, on their way home from work, were stopped and fol
lowed by groups of men, including in some one or more of the groups
the defendants [names given], who in one instance assaulted said
employees and in all called said employees offensive names, and cursed
and threatened them with violence if they did not quit work in plain
tiff’s factory. On many occasions other of the defendants stopped and
visited the plaintiff’s employees, and argued with them the propriety
of quitting work; but such argument and conversations were held in
a fair and friendly spirit, and devoid of any form of intimidation or
offense. It was not shown in evidence that the violence and intimida
tion mentioned above was ever reported to the union, or that the union
had knowledge of any such proceedings.
DECISIONS OF COURTS AFFECTING LABOR.
567
The court stated as conclusions of law, first, that the plaintiff is enti
tled to an injunction, as prayed, against the defendants last above
named; and, second, is not entitled to an injunction against the
defendant Amalgamated Woodworkers’ Union No. 131, nor against any
o f the defendants whose names are set out in the findings.
A ll combinations are not conspiracies. It is fundamental under our
form of government that all citizens in the race of life have a free and
equal chance; that one may pursue the path he chooses and do whatever
he deems best for himself, so long as he does not infringe upon the rights
of another exercising a like^and equal freedom. Every absolute right
has its limits, and to the extent of those limits it is the correlative duty
of every other person to respect and refrain from obstructing by force,
fraud, intimidation, or an}Tother artificial means. It is the invasion
of another’s rights that constitutes a legal wrong and gives a basis for
damages. It is illegal under all circumstances for either the employed
or employer to violate a contract, and, in the absence of existing con
tracts, employees have the same right to strike or cease working in a
body that the employer has to dismiss them in a body. It may there
fore be said that employees under no contractual restraint may law
fully combine, and by prearrangement quit their employment in a
body, for the purpose of securing from their employers an advance in
wages, shorter hours, or any other legitimate benefit, even though
they know at the time that such action will be attended with injury
and damage to the business of their employer, provided that the strike
is carried on in a lawful manner; that is, in a manner free from force,
intimidation, and false representation.
The finding of the court is that 14 members of the union, whose
names are set out, were guilty of various acts of intimidation and
violence, not while serving as pickets, but while lounging in the street,
and as against these the application for injunction was sustained; but
as against the other defendants and members of the union the court
finds that they, as individuals, and collectively as members of the
union, at all times intended to effectuate the objects of the strike by
peaceful means, and without violence, threats, intimidation, or other
unlawful methods, and, so far as the findings show, they continued to
carry out their peaceful policy. These facts, under the authorities
above cited, characterize tne combination and concert of the defendants
in striking as lawful, and not amenable to injunction. That 14 of the
600 members of the union did disregard the express instructions and
declared policy of the union to conduct the strike peacefully, and of
their own initiative indulged in acts of disorder calculated to, and did
in fact, intimidate the plaintiff’s employees, is not of itself sufficient
to condemn the union as a body. The strike being properly conceived
and conducted, by the great majority of members, its purposes will
not be defeated by the unlawful conduct of a few rowdies and law
breakers that may be found among them. “ Where a combination
or association is innocent in its inception,” says a recent author, “ but
is afterward perverted to unlawful ends, only those participating in
the perversion are held to be conspirators.”
3.
But it is argued that the maintenance of pickets at the plaintiff’s
factory was an unlawful interference with its business, and that the
appointment, instruction, and the receiving of daily reports from such
pickets constituted all participating members of the union civil con
568
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
spirators. Whether picketing is lawful or unlawful depends in each
particular case upon the conduct of the pickets themselves. The fact
that they are serving under appointment and instructions from their
union adds nothing to their rights and privileges as affecting third
persons. Under no circumstances have pickets the right to employ
force, menaces, or intimidation of any kind in their efforts to induce'
nonstriking workmen to quit, or to prevent those about to take the
strikers’ places to refrain from doing so; neither have they the right,
as pickets or otherwise, to assemble about the working place in such
numbers or in such manner as to impress workmen employed, or con
templating employment, with fear and intimidation. It is, however,
generally conceded in this country and in England that workmen,
when free from contract obligations, may not only themselves, singly
and in combination, cease to work for any employer, but may also, as
a means of accomplishing a legitimate purpose, use all lawful and
>eaceful means to induce others to quit or refuse employment. The
aw, having granted workmen the right to strike to secure better con
ditions from their employers, grants them also the use of those means
and agencies, not inconsistent with the rights of others, that are neces
sary to make the strike effective. This embraces the right to support
their contest by argument, persuasion, and such favors and accommo
dations as they have within their control. The law will not deprive
endeavor and energy of their just reward, when exercised for a legiti
mate purpose and in a legitimate manner. So, in a contest between
capital and labor on the one hand to secure higher wages, and on the
other to resist it, argument and persuasion to win support and coopera
tion from others are proper to either side, provided they are of a
character to leave the persons solicited feeling at liberty to comply or
not, as they please. Likewise a union may appoint pickets or a com
mittee to visit the vicinity of factories for purpose of taking note of
the persons employed, and to secure, if it can be done by lawful means,
their names and places of residences for the purpose of peaceful visita
tion. (Eddy on Comb. sec. 537; Perkins v. Rogg (1892) 28 W kly. Law
Bui. 32.)
The decided cases are not in harmony with respect to the right to
persuade, but the clear weight of authority is to the effect that so,long
as a moving party does not exceed his absolute legal rights, and so
does not invade the absolute rights of another, he may do as he
pleases, and may persuade others to do like him. According to the
finding, the pickets, after being chosen and before going out, were
66invariably” instructed by the presiding officer of the union to
observe only peaceable means, and under no circumstances resort to
force, menaces, threats, or intimidation of any kind. There is no
finding of any departure from these instructions by any picket, and
we must therefore presume, as against the plaintiff, that there was
none, and consequently hold that the maintaining of the pickets at the
plaintiff’s factory under the facts proved was not unlawful.
1
LAW S OF VARIOUS STATES RELATING TO LABOR ENACTED SINCE
JANUARY 1, 1904.
[The Tenth Special Report of this Bureau contains all Laws of the various States and Territories
and of the United States relating to labor in force January 1,1904. Later enactments are reproduced
in successive issues of the Bulletin from time to time as published, beginning with Bulletin No. 57,
the issue of March, 1905.]
IN D IA N A .
ACTS OF 1905.
C h a p t e r 50. — M ine regulations .
S ection 1. The term “ m ine” as used in this act includes the workings in every
shaft, slope or drift which is used, or has been used, in th e mining and removing of
coal from and below the surface of the ground. The term “ operator,” as used in this
act, is hereby defined to mean any corporation, company, firm, person, proprietor,
lessee, owner or occupier of any coal mine in this State or any person upon whose
account the mine is operated.
Sec . 2. The operator of each mine shall make, or cause to be made, an accurate
map or plan of the workings of such mines on a scale of not less than one inch to one
hundred feet, showing the area mined or excavated, the arrangement of the haulage
roads, air courses, break throughs, brattices, air bridges or overcasts and doors used
in directing the air currents in such mine, the location and connection with such
excavation of the mine of the lines of all adjoining lands, with the names of the
owners of such lands, so far as known, marked on the map. Such map shall show
a complete working of the mine and, when completed, shall be certified to by the
owner, agent or engineer making the survey or map to be a true and correct working
map of said mine. The owner or agent shall deposit with the inspector of mines a
true copy of such map within thirty days after the completion of the survey of the
same, the date of w hich shall be shown on each copy, the original map and survey
to be kept at the office of such mine open for inspection of all interested persons at
all reasonable times. Such map and copy thereof shall be extended each year between
the first day of May and the first day of September, and shall be filed as required in
making the original survey showing the exact workings of the mine at the date of
the last survey. A t the request of the owner of any coal mine the owner of the land,
the miners working therein or other persons interested in the workings of such
mine, the inspector of mines shall make, or cause to be made, an accurate map of the
workings thereof, on a scale of not less than one inch to the one hundred feet, show
ing the area mined or excavated and the location and connections of the lines of all
adjoining lands therewith and the names of the owners of such lands so far as known.
Such map shall be sworn to by the surveyor to be a correct map of the workings of
such mine, and shall be kept on file in the office of the inspector of mines for exami
nation at all times. A ll expenses shall be paid by the party causing such survey and
map to be made. In case the operator of any mine shall fail or refuse to furnish a
map as required b y this law it shall be the duty of the inspector of mines to appoint
a competent mining engineer to make the survey and maps and file and deposit them
as required b y law, and for his services he shall be entitled to a reasonable fee to be
paid by the party whose duty it was to make such survey and map, and shall be
entitled to a lien on the mine and machinery to the same extent as is now provided
by law for other work and labor performed in and about the mines of this State.
Before a mine or any part of a mine is abandoned the owner or agent shall make a
survey showing the farthest extremity of the workings of such mine, and a map
thereof made and filed within thirty days thereafter at the office of the county
recorder in the county where such mine is located; said map shall have attached
thereto the affidavit of the mining engineer making the map, and of the mine boss
in charge of the underground workings of said mine. Such map shall be properly
labeled and filed by the recorder and preserved as a part of the records of the land
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BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
on w hich said mine is located, and the recorder shall receive for said filing from said
owner or agent a fee of fifty cents. Upon payment of the fees the inspector of mines
shall make, within a reasonable time, and deliver to the party so demanding the
same an accurate copy of any map or plan on file in his office. The original map or
plan of any coal mine or the copy filed with the inspector of mines or a certified copy,
issued under the hand and seal of such inspector, shall be evidence in any court of
justice in this State. In order that maps, reports and other records pertaining to
the office of inspector of mines may be properly preserved, a room in the statehouse
shall be set aside and furnished in a suitable manner as an office for said officer.
S ec . 3. It shall be unlawful for any operator to allow more than ten persons to
w ork in any mine at any one time after five thousand square yards have been
excavated until a second outlet shall have been made. The said outlet or escape
shaft shall be separated from the bottom of the mine by at least one hundred feet in
width of natural strata, and shall be available at all times to all employees engaged
in such mines, and that for every shaft used as an escape way there shall be provided
stairways at an angle of not m ore than sixty degrees, with landings at easy and con
venient distances and with guard rails attached to each set of stairs from the top to
the bottom of the same. A ll water coming from the surface or out of any strata in
such shaft shall be conducted b y rings or otherwise to prevent it from falling down
the shaft and wetting persons w ho are descending or ascending the shaft. The
operator may provide at such outlet or escape shaft a hoisting apparatus, which shall
be at all times available to all persons in the mine, the same signals to be used as
provided by law for use at hoisting shafts. The traveling roads or gangways to said
outlet shall be separated from the hoisting shaft by at least one hundred feet of
natural strata and not less than four feet in height and four feet wide and shall be
kept as free from water as the average haulage roads in such mines. At all points
where the passageway to the escapement shaft, or other place of exit, is intersected
by other roadways or entries conspicuous boards shall be placed indicating the
direction it is necessary to take in order to reach such a place of exit. It shall be
unlawful to erect any inflammable structure or building or powder magazine on the
surface so near the escape way as to jeopardize the safety of the workmen in case of
fire. A nd no boiler house shall be erected nearer than thirty-five feet of the mine
opening. A ll explosive materials must be stored in a fireproof building on the
surface, located at a safe distance from all other buildings.
S ec . 4. The rope used for hoisting and lowering in every mine shall be a wire rope,
and it shall be securely fastened to the shaft of the drum where tw o separate ropes
are used, and at least one whole lap shall remain on the drum when the cage is at
rest on the lowest caging place in the mine, and it shall be examined b y some com
petent person every morning before the men descend into the mine. The operator
of every mine shall provide a cover of J-inch boiler plate overhead on all carriages
or cages used for lowering or hoisting persons into and out of the mines, and on the
top of every shaft an im proved safety gate; also, an approved safety spring on the
top of every slope. Approved safety catches shall be attached to every cage used for
the purpose of noisting or lowering persons. A ll persons are prohibited from riding
on the cages when coal or dirt is being hoisted, and in no case shall more than six
men ride on any cage or car at one time.
S ec . 5. A n adequate brake shall be attached to every drum used for lowering or
raising persons into or out of all shafts or scopes.
S ec. 6. A proper indicator shall be attached to every hoisting apparatus in addition
to any mark on the rope, which shall show to the hoisting engineer the position of
a cage or load in the mine.
Sec . 7. The operator of every mine shall keep the top of every mine and the entrance
thereof securely fenced off b y vertical or flat gates, covering and protecting the
mouth of such mine. Tw o lamps shall be kept lighted at all times when the mine
is in operation, except when electric lights are used, one on each side of the shaft,
not more than ten ( 10 ) feet from said shaft in each vein where men get on or off the
cages. There shall be gates hung at each vein, other than the lower one, so that at
all times except when coal is actually being placed on the cage or when em pty cars
are being taken off the cage there shall be a barrier preventing any one falling into
the shaft. The operator of such mine, upon receiving notice from the inspector that
one or more safety lamps are necessary to the safety of the men in such mine, shall
at once procure and keep for use such number of safety lamps as may be necessary.
A ll safety lamps used for examining mines or for working therein shall be the prop
erty of the operator and shall remain in the custody of the m ine boss or other
competent person, w ho shall clean, fill, trim, examine and deliver the same locked
and in safe condition to the men when entering the mine, and shall receive the same
from the men at the end of their shift. Said person or persons shall be responsible
LABOR LAWS---- INDIANA---- ACTS OF 1905.
571
for the condition and proper use of safety lamps while in their possession and the
safe return of said lamps to the place from whence they received them. The operator
of any mine shall provide and maintain a metal tube from the top to the bottom of
the mine, suitably adapted to the free passage of sound, through w hich conversation
may be held between persons at each vein and the top of the mine. There shall be
a code of signals at ail mines with a signal bell at the top and bottom of each mine;
one bell shall signify to hoist coal or em pty cage, and also to stop either when in
motion; two bells shall signify that men are coming up; when return signal is
received from the engineer men will get on the cage and ring one bell to hoist; four
belJs shall signify to hoist slowly, im plying danger. The engineer’ s signal for men
to get on the cage shall be three bells. A whistle may be used at the top of the
mine instead of a bell. A copy of the above code of signals shall be printed and
conspicuously posted at the top and bottom of the shaft and in the engine room.
S ec. 8. The entrance of an abandoned mine shall be securely fenced off, so that
no injury can arise therefrom.
S ec. 9. The operator of any mine at which the miners are paid by weight shall
provide suitable and accurate scales of standard manufacture for weighing o f coal
which may be procured from such mines; such operator shall be required to keep
United States standard weights to test said scales. A t every mine where the coal
mined is paid for b y weight it shall be the duty of the weigh man and the check
weighman to examine and balance the scales each morning, and in no case shall any
coal be weighed until such scales are tested by the United States standard weights
and found to be correct.
Said weighman shall accurately weigh and he shall,
together with the check weighman, record the weight of each miner’s car o f coal
delivered, w hich record shall be kept open at all reasonable hours for inspection of
all miners or other persons pecuniarily interested in the product o f such mine: P r o
vided, That if the weighman and check weighman shall disagree w7ork may con
tinue until the inspector of mines can be present, and any erroneous weights made
during such times shall be rectified. When differences shall arise between the
wreighman and check weighman, or operator, of any mine as to the correctness of
the scales, the same shall be referred to the inspector of mines, whose duty it shall
be to see and regulate the same at once. The inspector of mines and miners
employed in the mine, the owner of the land and others personally interested in
the royalty or rental of such mine shall, at all proper times, have full right of access
to and«examination of scales or apparatus used for weighing coal in or about said
mine, including the bank book in which the weights of coal are kept, to determine
the amount of coal mined for the purpose of testing the accuracy thereof.
Sec. 10. The operator shall not place in charge of any engine used for conveying
into or hoisting out of any mine any but experienced, competent and sober engi
neers. The engineer in charge of such engine shall allow7 no person except such as
may be deputed for that purpose by the owner or agent to interfere with it or any
part of the machinery, and no person shall interfere, or in any way intimidate the
engineer in the discharge of his duties. He shall not permit any one to loiter in the
engine room and he shall hold no conversation with any officer of the company or
other person while the engine is in motion, or while his attention should be occupied
wTith the business of hoisting. A notice to this effect shall be posted on the doors
of the engine house. H e shall thoroughly inform himself of the established code of
signals. Signals must be delivered in the engine room in a clear and unmistakable
manner, and when the signal is received that men are on the cage he shall speed his
engine not to exceed six hundred (600) feet per minute.
S ec . 11. The operator of any mine shall provide and maintain hereafter for every
such mine a sufficient amount of ventilation, affording not less than one hundred
( 100) cubic feet of air per minute for each and every person employed, and three
hundred (300) cubic feet per minute for each mule, horse or other animal used in
said mine, measured at the foot of the dowmcast, and as much more as the circum
stances may require. It shall be forced and circulated around the main entries, cross
entries and working places throughout the mine so that said mine shall be free from
standing gas of whatsoever kind to such an extent that the entire mine shall be in a
fit state at all times for men to work therein, and w ill render harmless all noxious or
dangerous gases generated therein. Every place where fire damp is known, or sup
posed to exist, shall be carefully examined with a safety lamp by a competent fire
boss immediately before each shift, and in making said examinations it shall be the
duty of the fire boss, at each examination, to leave at the face of every place exam
ined evidence of his presence, and it shall be unlawful for any person to enter any mine,
or part of mine, generating fire damp until it has been examined by the fire boss and
reported b y him to be safe. The ventilation required by this act may be provided
b y any suitable appliance, but in case a furnace is used for ventilation purposes it
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BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
shall be built in such a manner as to prevent the communication of fire to any part
of the works by lining the upcast with incombustible material for a sufficient distance
up from the said furnace. But in no case shall a furnace be used at the bottom of
the shaft in the mine for the purpose of producing a hot upcast of air where the
hoisting appliances and buildings are built directly over the shaft. The operator
shall em ploy a competent mine boss, who shall be an experienced coal miner, and
shall keep careful watch over the ventilating apparatus and the airways, and shall
see that, as the miners advance their excavations, all loose coal, slate and rock over
head are taken down or carefully secured against falling therein on the traveling and
airways. H e shall measure the air currents at least once a week at the inlet and
outlet, and at or near the face of the entries; he shall keep a record of such measure
ments, w hich shall be entered in a book kept for that purpose, the said book to be
open for inspection of the inspector of mines. H e shall also on or about the first day
of each month mail to the inspector a true copy of the said air measurements, stating
also the number of persons em ployed in or about said mine, the number of mules
and horses used and the number of days worked in each month. Blanks for this
purpose shall be furnished by the State to the inspector and by the inspector to each
mine boss. The currents of air in mines shall be split so as to give separate currents
to at least every fifty (50) persons at work, and the inspector of mines shall have
discretion to order a separate current for a smaller number of men if special condi
tions render it necessary. Whenever the inspector of mines shall find men working
without sufficient air or under any unsafe conditions he shall first give the operator
a notice giving the facts and a reasonable time to rectify the same, and upon his
failure to do so he may order the men out of the mine or portion of said mine and at
once order said mine, or part thereof, stopped until such mine or part of mine shall
be put in proper condition. And the inspector of mines shall immediately bring
suit against such operator for failure to com ply with the provisions of this section.
“ Break through s ” or airways shall be made in each room and entry at least every
forty-five feet. A ll “ break throughs” or air ways, except those last made near the
working faces of the mine, shall be closed up and made air tight. The doors used in
assisting or directing the ventilation of the mine when coal is being hauled through
them, shall be opened and closed b y persons designated to do the same, so that the
drivers or other persons may not cause the doors to stand open, but nothing herein
shall prevent the use of automatic or mechanical doors, subject to the approval of the
inspector of mines. In case the roadways or entries of any mine are so dry that the
air becomes charged with dust, such roadways or entries shall be regularly and
thoroughly sprinkled. And it shall be the duty of the inspector to see that this
provision is carried out.
S ec . 12 . The mine boss shall visit and examine every working place in the mine,
at least every alternate day while the miners of such places are, or should be, at
wrork, and shall examine and see that each and every working place is properly
secured by timbering and that the safety of the m ine is assured. H e shall see that
a sufficient supply of timbers are always on hand at the miner’ s working place. He
shall also see that all loose coal, slate and rock overhead wherein miners have to
travel to and from their work, are taken down or carefully secured. W henever such
mine boss shall have an unsafe place reported to him, he shall order and direct that
the same be placed in a safe condition; and until such is done no person shall enter
such unsafe place except for the purpose of making it safe. W henever any person
working in said mine shall learn of such unsafe place he shall at once notify the
mine boss thereof and it shall be the duty of said mine boss to give him, properly
filled out, an acknowledgment of such notice of the following form:
I hereby acknowledge receipt of notice fr o m -------------------- of the unsafe condition
of the mines as fo llo w s :-------------------- .
Dated t h is ------day o f ---------- , 19— .
-------------------- , M in e B o ss .
The possession by the person of such written acknowledgment shall be proof of
the receipt of such notice b y said mine boss whenever such question shall arise; and
upon receipt of such notice said mine boss shall at once inspect such place and pro
ceed to put the same in good and safe condition. As soon as such unsafe place has
been repaired to the approval of said mine boss, he shall then give permission for
the men to return to work therein, but no person shall return to w ork therein until
such repairs have been made and permission given. W henever any accident what
soever has occurred in any mine w hich shall delay the ordinary ana usual workings
of such mine for twenty-four consecutive hours, or has resulted in such injury to any
person as to cause death or require the attendance of a physician or surgeon, it shall
be the duty of the person in charge of such mine to notify the inspector of mines of
such accident without delay, and it shall be the duty of said inspector to investigate
LABOR LAWS— INDIANA---- ACTS OF 1905.
573
and ascertain the cause of such accident as soon as his official duties will permit:
Provided, That if loss of life shall occur by reason of any such accident said inspector
shall immediately, with the coroner of the county in w hich such accident may have
occurred, go to the scene of the accident. They shall investigate and ascertain the
cause of such loss of life and have power to compel the attendance of witnesses and
administer oaths or affirmations to them and the costs of such investigations shall be
paid by the county in w hich the accident occurred, as costs of coroner’ s inquests are
now paid.
Sec . 13. There shall be cut at the bottom of the shaft a traveling way sufficiently
high and wide to enable persons to pass the same in going from one side to the other,
without passing over or under the cage. On all single track hauling roads wherever
hauling is done by power, and on all gravity or incline planes in mines, upon w hich
the persons employed in the mine must travel on foot to and from their work, places
of refuge must be provided in the side wall, not less than three (3 ) feet in depth,
measuring from side of car, and four feet wide, and not more than twenty (£ 0)
yards apart, unless there is a clear space of at least three (3 ) feet between the side of
the car and the side of the wall, w hich space shall be deemed sufficient for the safe
passage of men. On all hauling roads in which the hauling is done by draft ani
mals, whereon men have to pass to and from their work on foot, places of refuge
must be cut in the side wall at least two and one-half ( 2J) feet deep, measuring from
the side of the car, and not more than twenty yards apart, but such places shall not
be required in entries from which rooms are driven at regular intervals not exceed
ing twenty yards, and wrherever there is a clear space of two and one-half ( 2} ) feet
between the car and the rib, such places shall be deemed sufficient for the safe pas
sage of men. A ll places of refuge shall be kept clear of obstructions and no mate
rial shall be stored therein, excepting in cases of emergency, nor be allowed to accu
mulate therein. A t every mine where ten or more men are em ployed inside, it shall
be the duty of the operator thereof to keep always on hand, readily accessible and
near the mouth of the mine, a properly constructed and comfortable stretcher; a
woolen and waterproof blanket; a roll of bandages in good condition for immediate
use for bandaging and dressing wounds of any one injured in such mine; a supply of
linseed oil, lime, camphor, turpentine, antiseptic gauze, dressing and surgeon’ s splints
for the dressing of broken bones; also to provide [a] comfortable apartment near
the mouth of the mine, in w hich any one so injured may rest while awaiting trans
portation to his home, and to provide for the speedy transportation of anyone
injured in such mine to his home.
S ec. 14. W hen approaching abandoned workings which are supposed to contain
[a] dangerous accumulation of water or gases, the excavation approaching such
places shall not exceed eight feet in width, and there shall be constantly kept, at a
sufficient distance (not less than three yards in advance) one bore hole near the
center of the workings, and sufficient flank bore holes on each side. W hen two or
more veins are wTorked in the same mine they shall be so operated that no danger
will occur to the miners working in either vein.
S ec. 15. The operator of any mine shall keep a sufficient supply of timber at the
mine, and shall deliver all props, caps and timber (of proper lengths) to the rooms
of the workmen, when needed and required, so the employees may, at all times, be
able to properly secure the workings from caving in. Every operator operating
mines in this State shall place a blackboard near the mine entrance sufficiently large,
stating thereon in figures the lengths of all timber in use in said mine. The miners
shall register thereon, when needing timber for securing their working places, their
respective numbers, under the figures indicating the proper lengths of timber required.
S ec. 16. Any person who shall, knowingly, injure or interfere with any safety lamp,
air course, or with any brattice or obstruct or throw open doors, or disturb any part
of the machinery, or ride upon a loaded car or wagon in any mine, or do any act
whereby the lives or health of the persons or the security of the mines or machinery
are endangered shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor.
S ec. 17. Whenever any person is about to open a keg or box containing powder
or other explosives, he shall place and keep his light at least five feet distant from
said explosive, and in such a position that the air current can not carry sparks to it;
and no person shall approach nearer than five feet to any open box or keg contain
ing powder or other explosives with a light or pipe or any other thing containing
fire. In any mines of this State, where coal is mined by “ blasting off the solid” it
shall be unlawful for any miner or other person to drill any hole, for the purpose of
blasting, more than one foot past the end of his cutting or “ loose en d ” or to prepare
a “ sh ot” in such a way that the distance from the hole to the loose end shall be
more than five feet, measured at right angles to the direction of the hole. In the
process of charging or tamping a hole, no person shall use any iron or steel needle or
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BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
tool, except as herein provided. The needle used in preparing the blast shall be
made of copper, and the tamping bar shall be tipped with at least five inches of cop
per. No coal dust or any material that is inflammable, or that may create a spark,
shall be used for tamping, and some soft material shall be placed next to the car
tridge or explosive.
S ec . 18. Only a pure animal or vegetable oil, or other oils that shall be as free
from smoke as a pure animal or vegetable oil, and not the product or by-product of
rosin, and w hich shall, in inspection, com ply with the following list, shall be used
for illuminating purposes in the mines of this State: A ll such oils must be tested by
the State supervisor of oil inspection or his deputies at 70 degrees Fahrenheit. The
specific gravity of the oil must not exceed 24 degrees. The test of the oil must be
made in a glass jar one and five-tenths ( l T5<y) inches in diameter by seven (7) inches
in depth. I f the oil be above 45 degrees and below 70 degrees Fahrenheit, it must
be raised to a temperature of about 80 degrees Fahrenheit, when, after being well
shaken, it shall be allowed to cool gradually to a temperature of 70 degrees Fahren
heit before being finally tested. In testing the gravity of the oil the hydrometer
must be, when possible, read from below, and the last line which appears under the
surface of the oil shall be regarded as the true reading. ‘ In case the oil under test
should be opaque or turbid, one-half of the capillary attraction shall be deemed and
taken to be the true reading. When the oil is tested under difficult circumstances,
an allowance of one-half degree may be made for possible error before condemning
the oil for the use in the mine. A ll oil sold to be used for illuminating purposes in
the mines of the State shall be contained in barrels or packages, branded conspicu
ously with the name of the dealer, the specific gravity of the oil and the date of
shipment. A n y individual, firm, corporation or company that sells or offers for sale
any oil other than provided in section 18 to be used for illuminating purposes in coal
or other mines of the State, or the individual, firm, corporation, company or person
having in charge the operation or running of any mine, w ho permits the use in his
or their mine of any oil for illuminating purposes other than provided for in section
18, or any employee in any mine of this State, w ho uses with a knowledge of its
character, a quality of oil other than is provided for in section 18, shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in any sum not
less than five ($5) dollars nor more than twenty-five ($25) dollars.
S ec . 19. Whenever the mining of coal is paid for by weight, the miners em ployed
in mining the same shall have the right of selecting and keeping in the weigh office,
or at the place of weighing the coal, a check weighman, wrho shall be vested with the
same rights as described in section 9 of this act, said check weighman to be paid by
said miners.
Sec . 20. The State geologist shall appoint an inspector of mines, who shall hold his
office for tw o years or until his successor shall be appointed and qualified, and he
shall require all applicants for such office to pass an examination touching their quali
fications and fitness to discharge the duties thereof before making such appointment.
And the State geologist is hereby empowered to make such rules and regulations in
conducting such examinations as in his judgment will test the competency and fitness
of such applicants: P rovid in g , fu rth er , That the State geologist shall give a certificate
of appointment to the person appointed, w hich certificate shall entitle such appointee,
when qualified, to do and perform all duties of his office as inspector of mines. The
inspector of mines shall appoint two assistants, who have each passed such examina
tion touching their qualifications for such position as m aybe prescribed by him. The
inspector of mines shall execute certificates of such appointments and deliver the
same to each of such assistants, w ho shall thereupon qualify b y each executing a
bond and taking an oath in the manner and form provided by this act, and when so
qualified, each such assistant is authorized and empowered to draw his salary and to
perform ail duties of his office as prescribed by this act. Each of such assistants
shall be subject to orders and directions of the inspector of mines, and, in pursuance
of such orders and directions, is empowered to do any and all acts and to perform all
duties incumbent upon the inspector of mines. They shall each make a detailed and
itemized report as often as required, to the inspector of mines, of the work performed
by him and shall hold his office subject to removal at any time by such inspector of
mines for cause. The inspector of mines and his assistants shall be residents of the
State of Indiana for at least five (5 ) years immediately preceding their appointment
to office, and shall be practical miners of at least ten years’ experience in actual
mining, and no person shall be eligible to hold the office of inspector of mines or assist
ant inspector of mines who is or may be pecuniarily interested in any coal mine
within this State either directly or indirectly. The inspector of mines and his assist
ants before entering upon the duties of their offices, shall each execute a bond payable
to the State of Indiana, with good and sufficient surety, in the sum of one thousand
LABOR LAWS---- INDIANA---- ACTS OF 1905.
575
dollars ($ 1 , 000), and shall take and subscribe to an oath to be endorsed upon the
back of each bond for the faithful performance of the duties of the office, w hich bond
shall be approved b y and filed with the secretary of state, The inspector of mines
shall receive as compensation for his services the sum of one thousand eight hundred
dollars ($1,800) per annum, and each assistant inspector of mines shall receive as
compensation for his services the sum of one thousand tw o hundred dollars ($ 1 , 200)
per annum. A nd for expenses they shall receive the sum actually and necessarilyexpended for that purpose, in the discharge of their official duties, all to be paid
quarterly b y the State treasurer from funds in the State treasury not otherwise appro
priated. A ll expense bills shall be sworn to and shall show the items of expense in
detail. Said inspector of mines may also appoint a secretary to assist him in the dis
charge of his duties, who shall receive a salary of six hundred dollars ($600) per
annum. I t shall be the duty of the inspector of mines appointed under this act to
enter, examine and inspect any and all coal mines, and the works and machinery
belonging thereto, at any reasonable time, b y day or b y night, but so as not to hinder
or obstruct the working of any coal mine more than is reasonably necessary in the dis
charge of his duties; and the operator o f such coal mine is hereby required to furnish
the necessary facilities for such entry, examination and inspection. Should the oper
ator fail or refuse to permit such inspection or furnish such facilities, the operator so
failing shall be deemed to have committed a misdemeanor, and it is hereby made
the duty of such inspector to charge such operator with such violation, under oath,
in any court having jurisdiction. The inspector appointed under this act shall devote
his entire time and attention to the duties of his office. He, or his assistants, shall
make personal inspection, at least twice each year, of all coal mines in this State, and
shall see that every precaution is taken to insure the health and safety of the work
men therein employed, that the provisions and requirements of this act are faith
fully carried out, and that the penalties of the law are enforced against all w ho will
fully disobey its requirements. H e shall also collect and tabulate the following facts:
The number and thickness of each vein or stratum of coal and their respective depths
below the surface, w hich are now worked or may hereafter be worked; the kind or
quality of coal— how the same is mined, whether by shaft, slope or drift; the number
of mines in operation in each county, the owners thereof; the number of men
em ployed in each mine, and the aggregate yearly production of tons from each mine;
estimate the amount of capital employed at each mine; and give any other informa
tion relative to coal and mining that he may deem necessary; all of w hich facts, so
tabulated, together with a statement of the condition of mines as to safety and ven
tilation, he shall freely set forth in an annual report to the State geologist, together
w ith his recommendation as to such other legislation on the subject of mining as he
may think proper. It shall be the duty of the inspector of mines, in addition to his
other duties, to examine all scales used at any mine for the purpose o f weighing coal
taken out of said mine. The scales shall be tested by sealed weights; the same shall
be furnished to said inspector of mines by the auditor of State on requisition, the
cost of which shall be audited by the auditor of State, and paid out of any m oney in
the State treasury not otherwise appropriated. And on inspection, if the scales are
found incorrect and [sic], after written notice by the inspector of mines it shall be
unlawful for any operator to use or suffer the same to be used, until the scales are
adjusted to weigh correctly. The provisions of this law shall apply to all mines
except to mines employing less than ten men. And it shall be the duty of the
inspector of mines to see to the strict enforcement of all laws relating to mines and
mining, to investigate all violations of the law relating thereto, file complaints and
make affidavits against such violators before the proper court of justice and to see to
the enforcement of all penalties prescribed by the statutes of the State for disobedi
ence to its provisions relating to mines and mining, and failure to do so may be suf
ficient cause for his removal from office. The inspector of mines shall make an
annual report to the State geologist of all matter now required by law to be reported,
w hich report shall be published with the report of the State geologist, and shall in
every respect com ply with the laws pertaining to the inspection of mines.
Sec . 21. It shall be the duty of the inspector of mines to hold examinations for
certificates of service and competency in each of the cities of Brazil, Terre Haute,
Washington, and Evansville, and to publish notice of such examinations, stating the
time and place where examinations are to be held, and shall make and publish rules
and regulations under w hich such examination shall be conducted. For the purpose
of providing for the expense of holding the examinations and issuing the certificates
herein provided for, each applicant, before entering upon examination, shall pay the
inspector of mines one dollar, a receipt for which must be indorsed upon each certifi
cate before it becomes effective. Examinations for certificates of service or com
petency shall be public and open to all citizens of the United States, and at least
576
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
fifteen days’ notice of such examination shall be given b y publication in a newspaper
published in the city where such examination is to be held. No certificate shall be
issued to any person entitling him to serve in more than one of the capacities set out
in this [the following?] section, but tw o or more certificates may be issued to the
same person on proper examination.
Sec. 22. Certificates o f competency shall be issued by the inspector of mines to any
person w ho shall prove satisfactory [satisfactorily] upon examination, either written
or oral, or both, as may be prescribed b y such inspector, that he is qualified b y expe
rience and technical knowledge to perform the duties o f either mine boss, fire boss,
or hoisting engineer. Certificates or service shall be issued b y the inspector of mines
to any person w ho shall furnish satisfactory proof that he has been engaged as, and
has successfully discharged the duties of mine boss, fire boss, or hoisting engineer at
mines in this State for three years preceding the granting of such certificate. It shall
be unlawful for any person to serve in the capacity of mine boss, fire boss, or hoist
ing engineer at any mine without having first received from the inspector of mines a
certificate o f service or competency. It shall be unlawful for any operator of any
mine in this State to em ploy any person in the capacity of mine boss, fire boss, or
hoisting engineer unless such person has a certificate of service or competency from
the inspector o f mines.
S ec. 23. The operator of every mine shall be and is hereby required to report to the
inspector of mines on or before the fifteenth day of each calendar month the name
of the person in charge of such mine, the number of tons of coal produced at such
mine during the preceding month, the amount of wages paid employees during such
month, the amount of m oney expended for improvements during said month,
together with such other information as may be necessary to enable said inspector
to prepare his annual report as required b y law.
Sec . 24. No male person under the age of fourteen years or female of any age shall
be permitted to enter any mine in this State for the purpose of employment therein,
and the parents or guardians of boys shall be required to furnish an affidavit as to
the age of said b oy or boys when there is any doubt in regard to their age, and in
all cases of minors applying for work the operator of any mine shall see that the
provisions of this section are not violated.
Sec . 25. W henever any merchant or dealer in goods or merchandise, or any other
person, shall take from any em ployee or laborer for wages, w ho labors in or about
any mine in this State, an assignment of such em ployee’ s w^ages, earned or unearned,
due or to become due, or shall take from such em ployee or laborer any order on his
em ployer for any such wages, and shall issue or give to any such .employee or laborer
in consideration of or in payment for any such assignment or transfer or order, any
check, other than a check on a solvent bank, or any ticket, token or device payable
or redeemable, or purporting to be payable or redeemable, or agreed to be payable
or redeemable, in goods, wares, or merchandise or anything other than lawful
m oney of the United States, such check, ticket, token or device shall at once become
due and payable in lawful m oney of the United States, for and to the extent of the
full amount of the wages assigned or relinquished for it, and the holder of such
checks, ticket, token or device shall, after demand, have the right to collect the
same, with reasonable attorney’ s fees, by suit in any court of competent jurisdiction.
S ec . 26. The miners and other persons, em ployed and working in and about the
mines and others interested in the rental or royalty on the coal mined therein, shall
have a lien on said mine and all machinery and fixtures connected therewith, and
everything used in and about the mine, for work and labor performed within tw o
months, and for royalty on the coal mined for any length of time not exceeding tw o
months; * * *
S ec . 27. For any injury to person or persons or property occasioned b y any viola
tion of this act or any willful failure to com ply with any of its provisions, a right of
action against the operator shall accrue to the party injured for the direct injury sus
tained thereby; and in case of loss of life, b y reason of such violation, a right of
action shall accrue to widow, children, or adopted children, or to the parents or par
ent, or to any other person or persons w ho were before such loss of life dependent
for support on the person or persons killed, for like [sic] recovery of damages for the
injury sustained b y reason of such loss of life or lives.
Sec . 28. A n y willful neglect, refusal or failure to do the things required to be done
b y any section, clause or provision of this act, on the part of the person or persons
herein required to do them, or any violation of the provisions or requirements hereof,
or any attempt to obstruct or interfere with any inspector of mines in the discharge
of the duties herein imposed upon him, or any refusal to com ply with the instruc
tions of an inspector of mines by authority of this act, shall be deemed a misdemeanor
LABOR LAW S---- INDIANA---- ACTS OF 1905.
577
punishable by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars ($500) or by imprisonment
in the county jail for a period not exceeding six months, or both, at the discretion of
the court: P rovid ed , That the foregoing shall not apply to sections in this act which
have special penalties provided for them.
Approved February 28, 1905.
C h apter 167.— H o u rs o f labor on p u blic roads.
Section 95. * * * The [district] supervisor shall require such [able-bodied
male] persons to wTork on the highways of such [road] district eight hours each day,
Approved March 8, 1905.
C h apter 169.— E m p loym en t o f children— H o u rs o f labor.
[See Bulletin No. 62, page 216.]
C hapter 169.— H o u rs o f labor o f em ployees on railroads.
Section 674. A n y superintendent, train dispatcher, yard-master, foreman or other
railway official w ho shall permit, exact, demand or require any engineer, motorman,
fireman, conductor, brakeman, switchman, or other em ployee engaged in the move
ment of passenger or freight trains or electric cars, or in switching service in yards
or railway stations, to remain on duty more than sixteen consecutive hours, unless in
case of accident, wreck or other unavoidable cause, without at least eight hours’ rest
and relief from all duty whatever, shall, on conviction, be fined not less than twenty
dollars nor more than two hundred dollars.
Approved March 10, 1905.
M IC H IG A N .
ACTS OF 1905.
A ct N o . 37.— F ree p u blic em ploym ent offices.
S ection 1. Free employment bureaus are hereby authorized to be created in every
city in this State having a population of over fifty thousand, for the purpose of receiv
ing applications of persons seeking employment, and applications of persons seeking
to em ploy labor. Such bureaus shall be designated and known as Michigan free
employm ent bureaus.
S ec. 2. The commissioner of labor shall organize and establish in all cities of fifty
thousand inhabitants or over, in this State, a free employment bureau, for the purpose
of receiving applications of persons seeking employment, and applications of persons
seeking to em ploy labor. No compensation or fee shall be charged or received,
directly or indirectly, from persons applying for employm ent or help through any
such bureau. It shall be the duty of said commissioner of labor to use all diligence
in securing the cooperation of employers of labor with the purposes and objects of
said employm ent bureaus. To this end it shall be competent for said commissioner
to advertise in the columns of newspapers, or to use other mediums, for such situations
as he has applicants to fill, and he may advertise in a general way for the cooperation
of large contractors and employers, in such trade journals or special publications as
reach such employers, whether such trade journals are published within the State of
Michigan or not. The expenses for said advertising shall not exceed five hundred
dollars per annum, and shall be paid from any appropriations made for the depart
ment of labor, and shall be audited the same as other items of expense.
Sec. 3. W hen the commissioner of labor shall deem it necessary to establish a free
employm ent bureau under the provisions of this act, the board of State auditors shall
provide a suitable office for the same, with necessary furniture; and all printing, bind
ing, blanks, stationery and supplies shall be done and furnished under any contract
w hich the State now has, or shall hereafter have, for similar work with any party or
parties; and the expense thereof shall be in the discretion of the board of fetate aud
itors, audited and paid for in the same manner as other State printing and supplies
are paid for.
Approved March 30, 1905.
578
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
A ct N o. 100.— M ine regulations .
S e c t i o n 1. A ct number fifty-seven of the public acts of the year one thousand
eight hundred and ninety-nine, * * * is hereby amended to read as follows:
Section 1. A n inspector of coal mines shall be appointed b y the commissioner of
labor, whose duties shall be to inspect the coal mines of Michigan, and from time to
time report the results of his inspections with such other labor statistics as he shall
be directed to collect, to the commissioner of labor, upon such blanks and in such
manner as the latter named official shall designate, and the results and findings of
said coal mine inspectors shall be incorporated in the regular annual report of said
commissioner of labor. Said inspector shall receive in compensation for his services
four dollars per day and his necessary expenses of travel while em ployed and under
instructions, it being further provided that the expenses and salary of said inspector
shall not exceed twTo thousand dollars per year. And to provide for this expense an
annual appropriation of tw o thousand dollars is hereby authorized, and the same
shall be placed with the regular appropriation of the labor bureau fund, to be
expended by the commissioner of labor for the purposes heretofore provided, and as
he shall authorize and direct.
Sec. 2. The inspector, when properly commissioned by the commissioner of labor,
shall have the right and power to enter any coal mine for the purpose of inspecting
or collecting statistics relating to the hours of labor, wages, industrial, economic and
sanitary questions or matters of scales.
S ec . 3. Only a competent and trustworthy engineer shall be permitted to operate
the cages and hoisting devices in all coal mines of this State.
S ec. 4. A ll w eigh m en w h o shall perform th e d u ty o f w eigh in g th e coal, shall b e
sw orn b y som e o n e com peten t to adm inister a legal oath, th at th ey w ill perform
th eir d u ty accurately a nd im partially as betw een em p loyers and em ployees, and
that th e y w ill h onestly report and record all wreights o f coa l to w h ich th ey are
intrusted.
S ec. 5. The coal mine employees shall have the right to name a competent and
fair check weighman, w ho shall be paid by the employees, and shall be sworn by
anyone authorized to administer oaths.
Sec. 6. The owner, agent or operator of any and all mines shall keep a supply
of timber constantly on hand, oi sufficient length and dimensions to be used as
props and cap pieces, and the same shall be delivered to the miner at his respective
place of work, of such dimensions as he shall designate.
Sec. 7. For the purpose of ventilation, the mines shall be furnished with one
hundred cubic feet of air per minute for each person em ployed and three hundred
cubic feet for each animal used therein, measurements to be made at any point of
the intake air ways. It shall be circulated through the mines in such a way that
each working place w ill be kept in a healthy condition, free from noxious gases or
deleterious air. To secure this result the current shall be split or subdivided when
in the judgment of the mine inspector, such is necessary. But mines that have been
in operation more than tw o years prior to the passage of these amendments to the
“ Inspection of Coal Mines A ct No. Fifty-seven,” public acts of eighteen hundred
ninety-nine, shall not be required to change their system of ventilation, in so far
as they pertain to splits and subdivisions.
S ec. 8. A ll doors set on entries for the purpose of conducting ventilation shall be
made sufficiently tight to effectually obstruct the air current, and any employee of
the coal company w ho willfully or maliciously refuses to keep such doors closed shall
be subject to a fine not to exceed five dollars, or imprisonment in the county jail not
to exceed thirty days, or both, at the discretion of the court.
S ec . 9. It shall be the duty of the mine owners to close, or cause to be closed, all
entry break throughs with air-tight brat[t]ices, with the exception of the break
through nearest the working place of the employee, unless the area of break through
is too small to permit of the passage of air, when tw o break throughs may remain
open. No obstruction of any kind to be placed in break through nearest working
face.
S ec. 10. All mines generating explosive gases shall be examined every morning b y
a duly authorized agent of the proprietor, to determine whether there are dangerous
accumulations of gas. No employee shall enter his working place until such exam
iner shall have reported all such conditions safe for beginning work.
Sec . 11. A n y shaft in process of sinking, and any opening projected for the purpose
of mining coal shall be subject to the inspection of the State inspector of mines for
the district in w hich said shaft or opening is located.
LABOR LAWS---- MICHIGAN---- ACTS O F * 1905.
579
S e c . 12 . A t the bottom of every shaft and at every caging place therein, a safe and
commodious passageway must be cut around said landing place to serve as a traveling
way b y w hich men and animals may pass from one side of the shaft to the other
without passing under or on the cage.
S e c . 13. The upper and lower landings at the top of each shaft, and the opening of
each intermediate seam from or to the shaft, shall be kept clean and free from loose
materials, and shall be securely fenced with automatic or other gates so as to prevent
either man or materials from falling into the shaft.
S e c . 14. Every hoisting shaft must be equipped with substantial cages, fitted to
guides running from the top to the bottom. Said cages must be safely constructed,
they must be furnished with suitable iron covers, not less than three-sixteenths
inches in thickness to protect persons riding thereon from falling objects; the cages
must be equipped with safety catches, w hich catches must be examined daily b y the
m ine owners or their representatives. Cages, catches and rope fastenings shall be
examined daily, and cages tested by drop quarterly, and a record of these examina
tions shall be kept b y the companies, and said records shall be subject to examina
tion by the mine inspector or any authorized representative employee.
S e c . 15. Every cage on w hich persons are carried must be fitted up with iron bars
or rings in proper place, and a sufficient number to furnish a secure hand hold for
each person permitted to ride thereon. No more than ten men [shall] be allowed
to ride upon a cage at the same time, and no one be allowed on one cage while a
loaded car is on the other cage.
S e c . 16. A light shall be provided at the top and bottom of the shaft while men
are being hoisted and lowered into the shaft, except in daylight, when no light will
be required at the top of the shaft.
S e c . 17. For every coal mine in the State, whether worked by shaft, slope or drift,
there shall be provided and maintained in addition to the hoisting shaft, a separate
or escapement shaft or opening from the surface to the coal vein or veins and com
municating with the hoisting shaft through an opening in the mine, so as to consti
tute tw o separate means of egress to all persons em ployed in the mine.
S e c . 18. The operators shall commence the sinking of an escapement or air shaft
not later than three months after the main shaft has been sunk, and men shall not
be em ployed in mines for a longer time than three months before the sinking of an
air shaft and necessary underground approaches are begun, and when begun, the
work in both air shafts and approaches shall be continually prosecuted until com
pleted. The area of shaft to be not less than sixty-four square feet.
S e c . 19. The escapement shaft at every mine shall be equipped with safe and ready
means for the prompt removal of men from the mines in time of danger, and such
means shall be a substantial stairway set at an angle not greater than forty-five degrees,
w hich shall be provided with hand rails, and with platforms or landings at each turn
of the stairway. This section not to apply to mines already opened, farther than to
provide the ready means for the prom pt removal of the men in time of danger.
S e c . 20. All escapement shafts and passageways leading thereto, or to the works of
a contiguous mine must be carefully examined at least once a week by the mine man
ager or a man specially delegated by him for that purpose. If obstructions are found
they shall be immediately removed.
S e c . 21 . W hen operators of adjacent mines have by agreement established under
ground communication between said mines, as an escapement outlet for men employed
in both, the roadways to the boundary on either side shall be kept clean of every
obstruction so as not to prevent the free passage of the respective operators or
employees, and the intervening door shall remain unlocked and ready at all times
for immediate use.
S e c . 2 2 . A n y building erected after the passage of this act, for the purpose of hous
ing boilers, shall not be less than sixty feet from shafts.
S e c . 23. Every hoisting engine used either for the sinking of escapement shafts or
for the hoisting of coal shall be provided with a good and sufficient brake on the
drum, so adjusted that it may be operated by the engineer without leaving his post
at the levers. W hen cylinder drum is used, flanges with sufficient height shall be
attached thereto to prevent the rope from slipping off the drum.
S e c . 24. The ends o f the hoisting cables shall be well secured on the drum and at
least one and one-half laps of the same shall remain on the drum when the cage is at
rest on the lowest cage rest in the shaft.
S e c . 25. The following code of signals shall be used in the hoisting of coal, and in
the hoisting and lowering of men into and from the mines; said code of signals shall
580
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
be displayed in a conspicuous place, so that they may be easily seen b y the engineer
and eager when standing at their posts:
One bell— hoist cage. Stop cage when in motion.
Two bells—lower cage.
Three bells— hoist car of dirt.
Four bells—men at cage ready to be hoisted. Cage must always be stopped at
landing on four bells.
Five bells— hoist slowly, danger.
Notice to men at bottom coming up— ring four bells.
After engineer gives one blast with whistle, get on cage and ring one bell to be
hoisted.
Engineer wanting cage while on bottom w ill give four blasts w ith whistle before
m oving cage.
S ec. 26. T h e State in spector o f m ines is h e re b y em p ow ered to test all scales used
in con n ection w ith th e w eigh in g o f coa l in or a bout th e coal m ines. H e shall have
fu ll access to everyth in g used in th e w eigh in g o f coal.
S ec. 27. It shall be the duty of the mine foreman or his assistant to visit each
working place in the mine at least twice each week.
S ec. 28. None but safety hooks shall be used on buckets in sinking shafts.
Sec . 29. Every employee working in or about the coal mines of this State, and
engaged in the handling of powder shall use every precaution to prevent premature
explosion. In the preparing of blasts the following rules must be strictly observed
in all cases: No lighted lamp, pipe or other article by w hich pow der can be ignited
shall be kept within four feet of the powder, and said lamp, pipe or other article
must be on the windward side of powder. In blasts where fuse[s] are used no miner
or other person shall return to place of blast, when cartridge has failed to explode,
before four hours have elapsed from the time of lighting the fuse. A n y employee
or other person violating these rules shall be subject to a fine not to exceed five dol
lars or to imprisonment in the county jail not to exceed thirty days, or both, upon
conviction, in the discretion of the court.
S ec . 30. Only a pure animal or vegetable oil, or other oil as free from smoke as a
pure animal or vegetable oil and not the product or by-product of resin, shall be
used for illuminating purposes in the mines of this State.
Sec . 31. A n inspector of oil shall visit the mines at least four times a year to test
all oils used for illuminating purposes in the mines of this State, and any person or
persons, firm or corporation having in charge the operation or running oi any mine
which, in a mine under his or its charge, uses or permits the use of any oil other
than that prescribed b y the provisions of this act, and any miner or mine em ployee
w ho uses any oil other than prescribed in this act, in any mine in this State, shall be
fined not less than five nor more than twenty-five dollars.
Sec . 32. It shall be the duty of the mine owners, previous to the abandonment of
a mine to make or cause to be made a map of all the underground workings of the
said mine, and to file the said map with the State inspector of mines.
Sec . 33. W hen the operations of a coal mine are becoming dangerously near an
abandoned mine, the mine inspector shall be notified by the mine management and
he shall order such precautions taken as in his judgment will insure safety of life and
property.
Sec. 34. For the purpose of observing the best sanitary conditions possible in the
mines of this State, no employee therein shall use any portion of the mine excava
tions as a water closet, that is not at least twenty-five feet from any air current.
S ec . 35. For the greater protection of mine workers and the better preservation of
coal mines, the use of dynamite or other similar explosives used in blasting coal
loose, except the ordinary black powder com m only used in mines, is prohibited
unless the mine management and miners agree it is a necessity. But nothing in this
act shall be construed as preventing miners from using dynamite or similar explosives
in coal as an assistance to shearing in narrow wTork wThere mine management and
miners agree it is a necessity. A n y violation of this section shall be punished by
fine or imprisonment, or both, in the discretion of the court.
Sec . 36. A n y ow ner, part ow ner, operator, manager, or superintendent of any such
coal m ine, o r director o r officer o f a n y stock com pa n y ow n in g or operating any such
m ine, w h o shall w illfu lly violate a n y o f th e provisions o f this law b y om itting to
co m p ly w ith any o f its said provisions, after a reasonable len gth o f tim e after n otice
o f such om ission, b y th e State m ine in sp ector shall, if n ot oth erw ise p rov id ed for, b e
d eem ed gu ilty o f a m isdem eanor, and u p on con viction th ereof shall b e punished b y
a fine o f n ot less th an fifty n or m ore than on e h un dred dollars, o r b y im prisonm ent
in th e cou n ty ja il n o t less than ten n or m ore than n in ety days, or b y b o th such fine
a n d im prisonm ent, in th e discretion o f th e court.
Approved May 10, 1905.
LABOR LAWS— MICHIGAN---- ACTS OF 1905.
A
ct
N
o
.
171.— E m p loym en t
581
o f children.
[See Bulletin No. 62, pages 230-232.]
A ct N o. 172.— E m p loym en t o f women.
Section 1. A ct number two hundred two, public acts of eighteen hundred ninetynine, entitled “ A n act to provide fans or blowers in all workshops or establishments
where wheels composed partly of emery or buffing wheels or emery belts are used,”
is hereby amended by adding one new section thereto to stand as section seven and
to read as follows:
Section 7. N o fem ale shall b e em p loyed in operating or using an y o f th e w heels
or belts specified in section one of this act.
Approved June 6,1905.
A ct N o . 210.— B ribery, etc., o f employees .
S ection 1. W hoever corruptly gives, offers or promises to an agent, employee or
servant any gift or gratuity whatever, with intent to influence his action in relation
to his principals, employer’ s or master’ s business; or an agent, employee or servant,
w ho corruptly requests or accepts a gift or gratuity or a promise to make a gift or to
do an act beneficial to himself, under an agreement or with an understanding that
h e shall act in any particular manner in relation to his principal’ s, em ployer’ s or
master’s business; or an agent, employee or servant, who, being authorized to pro
cure materials, supplies or other articles either by purchase or contract for his prin
cipal, em ployer or master, or to em ploy service or labor for his principal, employer
or master, receives directly or indirectly, for himself or for another, a commission,
discount or bonus from the person w ho makes such sale or contract, or furnishes
such materials, supplies or other articles, or from a person w ho renders such service
or labor; and any person w ho gives or offers such an agent, em ployee or servant
such commission, discount or bonus, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and on con
viction thereof shall be punished by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars, or
by imprisonment in the State prison for a period of not more than one year, or by
both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court.
Approved June 13, 1905.
M IN N ESO TA.
ACTS OF 1905.
C h apter 122.— Accidents on railroads.
Section 1. It shall be the duty of every railroad company operating a line of
railway in this State to report to the railroad and warehouse commission of this
State all accidents, wrecks or casualties occurring in the operation of trains on said
line or lines of railway within this State, wherein any person is either killed or
injured, after the happening of any such accident occurring and within reasonable
time, not exceeding sixty (60) days, report in detail to the commission, giving full
particulars in such form as the commission may require. A ny reports herein required
to be made to the commission or the findings of the commission shall not be for
public inspection.
Sec . 2. W henever any such report is made to such railroad and warehouse com
mission, said commission shall forthwith examine into the causes and circumstances
of such wreck, accident or casualty. A nd it shall thereupon be the duty of the said
railroad and warehouse commission to order such railroad company to com ply with any
reasonable requirement prescribed by the said railroad and warehouse commission,
calculated to prevent the recurrence of any such wreck, accident or casualty, and it
shall be the duty of the said railroad and warehouse commission to report to t^e legis
lature biennially a summarized statement of all wrecks, accidents or casualties that
have come to their knowledge b y reason of this act, together wdth a recommendation
of such additional legislation as they deem proper for the greater protection of pas
sengers and employees of such railroad.
Sec . 3. Every person who shall violate any of the provisions of this act shall be
guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished by a fine of not lesg than one hun
dred ($ 100) dollars, nor more than one thousand ($ 1 , 000) dollars, or imprisonment
in the county jail for not less than thirty (30) days nor more than one (1) year, or
shall suffer both such fine and imprisonment in the discretion of the court.
Approved April 7, 1905.
582
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
C
h apter
166.—
M in e inspectors .
S e c t i o n 1. The board of commissioners of any county in this State where there are
at least five mines situate and in operation is hereby authorized and directed on or
before the first day of July, 1905, to appoint an inspector of mines, w ho shall hold
office for the term of three years or until his successor is appointed and qualified for
the purpose of discharging the duties hereinafter prescribed; to fix the compensation
and traveling expenses of such inspector and provide for the payment of the same,
and to remove such inspector and appoint another in his place whenever in the
judgment of said board the best interests of the owners and employees of such mines
may so require, and to fill vacancies arising from any other cause than removal.
S ec . 2. Such inspector of mines shall be at least twenty-five years of age, a citizen
of the State of Minnesota and a resident of the county wherein he is appointed, shall
be of good moral character and temperate habits, and shall have had previous to his
appointment practical experience as a miner or otherwise engaged as an employee in
mines of the State at least six years, or a mining engineer having had previous to his
appointment at least tw o years’ practical experience in iron mines and iron mining
and having had at least one year’ s such experience in this State. H e shall not w-hile
in office in any way be interested as an owner, operator, agent, stockholder or engi
neer of any mine. H e shall make his residence or have his office in the mining dis
trict of the county for w hich he is appointed. He shall, before entering upon the
discharge of the duties of his office, take an oath before some person authorized by
law to administer oaths that he w ill support the Constitution of the United States
and the constitution of the State of Minnesota and that he will faithfully, impartially
and to the best of his ability, discharge the duties of his office, and he shall file a
certificate of his having done so in the office of the auditor of the county for w hich
he is appointed, and he shall also give a bond payable to said board of commissioners
in the penal sum of five thousand dollars, with good and sufficient sureties to be
approved by the board of county commissioners of the county for w hich he is
appointed, conditioned that he w ill faithfully discharge the duties of his office, and
said bond shall be filed with the county auditor of such county.
S ec. 3. The duties of the inspector of mines shall be to visit all the working mines
of his county at least once in every ninety days and oftener if requested so to do as
hereinafter provided, and closely inspect the mines so visited and condemn all such
places where he shall find that the employees are in danger from any cause, whether
resulting from careless mining or defective machinery or appliances of any nature;
he shall compel the erection of a partition between all shafts where hoisting of ore is
performed, and wThere there are ladder ways, where men must ascend or descend
going to and from their work. In case the inspector of mines shall find that a place is
dangerous from any cause as aforesaid, it shall be his duty immediately to order the
men engaged in wrork at the said place to quit wTork, and he shall notify the superin
tendent, agent or person in charge, to secure the place from the existing danger,
w hich said notification or order shall be in writing, and shall clearly define the limits
of the dangerous place, and specify the work to be done, or change to be made to
render the same secure, ordinary mine risks excepted. It shall also be the duty of
the inspector of mines to command the person, persons or corporation working any
mine, or the agent, superintendent, foreman or other person having immediate
charge of the working of any mine, to furnish all shafts, open pits, caves and shutes
of such mine where danger exists with some secure safeguard at the top of the shaft,
open pit, cave or shute so as to guard against accidents by persons falling therein or
by material falling down the same, also a covering overhead on all the carriages on
w hich persons ascend or descend up and down the shaft, if in his judgment it shall
be practicable and necessary for the purpose of safety: P rovid ed , That when any
mine is idle or abandoned it shall be the duty of the inspector of mines to notify the
person, persons or corporation owning the land on w hich any such mine is situated
or the agent of such owner or owners, to erect and maintain around all the shafts,
caves and open pits of such mine a fence of railing suitable to prevent persons or
domestic animals from accidentally falling into said shafts, caves or open pits. Said
notice shall be in writing and shall be served upon such owner, owners or agent, per
sonally, or b y leaving a copy at the residence of any such owner or agent if they or
any o i them reside in the county w here such mine is situated, and if such owner,
owners or agent are not residents of the county such notice may be given b y pub
lishing the same in one or more newspapers printed and circulating in said county
if there be one and if no newspaper be published in said county then in a newspaper
published in some adjoining county, for a period of three consecutive weeks.
S ec . 4. If any person o r persons are required to con tin ue w ork in any place or
places in w h ich th e in spector of m ines has ord ered em p loyees to quit w ork as afore
LABOB LAWS---- MINNESOTA---- ACTS OF 1905.
583
said, except to do such work as may have been by him required to be done in order
to render such place or places safe, ordinary risks of mining excepted, the person or
persons or corporation so requiring employees to w ork in such place or places shall
be liable for all accidents causing injury or death to any employee arising by reason
of such place or places not having been repaired or changed as required by said
inspector.
„ S e c . 5. It shall be lawful for the inspector of mines to enter, examine and inspect
any and all mines and machinery belonging thereto at all reasonable times b y day or
by night, but so as not to obstruct or hinder the necessary workings of such mines,
and it shall be the duty of the owner, operator or agent of every such mine upon the
request of the inspector of mines to furnish for his inspection all maps, drawings and
plans of the mine, together with the plans of all contemplated changes in the manner
of working the mine or any part thereof; to furnish him with some suitable person
or persons as he may desire to accompany him through the mine or any part thereof,
and also to furnish him suitable ladders and other necessary appliances to make
a proper inspection and to furnish upon request the inspector of mines with all neces
sary facilities for such entry, examination and inspection, and if the said owner,
operator or agent aforesaid shall refuse to permit such inspection or to furnish the
necessary facilities for such entry, examination and inspection and shall continue
so to refuse or permit after written request therefor made by the inspector of mines,
such refusal or neglect shall be deemed a gross misdemeanor and upon conviction
therefor such owner, operator or agent shall be punished by a fine of not less than
one hundred or more than five hundred dollars for each and every offense.
S e c . 7. W henever twenty or more persons working in any mine or place where
mining is done, or the owner, operator or agent of any mine, shall notify the inspector
of mines in writing that his services are needed, he shall immediately make an
inspection thereof and shall examine as to the necessary precautions and general
safety of the mines and see that all the provisions of this act are observed and strictly
carried out.
S e c . 8. W henever by reason of any accident in any mine, loss of life or serious
personal injury shall occur, it shall be the duty of the manager or superintendent of
the mine, and in his absence the person or officer under him in charge of the mine,
to give notice thereof forthwith to the inspector of mines, stating the particulars of
such accident, and the said inspector shall, if he deems it necessary from the facts
reported, go immediately to the scene of such accident and make such suggestions
and render such assistance as he may deem necessary in the premises and personally
investigate the cause of such accident and take such steps as he may deem necessary
for the safety of the employees of such mine and to prevent accidents of a like or
similar nature.
S e c . 9. The owner, operators or agent of any mine shall at all times keep a suffi
cient and suitable supply of timber and logging on hand, when required to be used
as supports, props or otherwise in the mining work, so that the workings of such
mine may be rendered reasonably safe and secure.
S e c . 10. A n y workman, employee or other person who shall open, remove or dis
turb any fence, guard or rail and not close or replace or have the same closed or
replaced again around or in front of any shaft, test pit, shute, excavation, cave or
land liable to cave, injure or destroy, whereby accident, injury or damage results,
either to the mine or those at work therein, or to any other person, shall be
deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punished by
a fine not exceeding fifty dollars or imprisonment for not more than sixty days in
the county jail for each and every such offense.
S e c . 11 . It shall be the duty of the inspector of mines appointed under this act to
make and file no later than September 1 st of each year with the auditor of the county
for w hich he is appointed and with the State commissioner of labor a full and com
plete report of all his acts, proceedings and doing [s] hereunder for each year ending
June thirtieth, stating therein, among other things, the number of visits and inspec
tions made, the number of mines in operation, the number not in operation, the
names of the mines, where located, the owners, lessees or managers, the names of the
officers, the quantity of ore shipped, the number of men employed, the average
wages for different kinds of work, the number of accidents, fatal or otherwise, the
cause of such accidents, and such other information in relation to the subject of
mines and mining inspection as he may deem of proper interest and beneficial to the
mining interests of the State. Such report shall be included in the biennial report
of the State commissioner of labor.
S e c . 12 . A ny owner, operator or agent of any mine in this State violating the pro
visions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a gross misdemeanor and for each offense
upon conviction shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars or more than five
hundied dollars.
584
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
Sec . 13. A n y inspector o f m ines appointed hereunder failing to co m p ly w ith th e
requirem ents o f this act shall b e gu ilty o f a gross m isdem eanor a n d u pon con viction
th ereof shall b e fined n ot less than on e h un dred o r m ore than on e th ousand dollars
and b e dism issed from office, and th e said b oa rd o f com m issioners shall rem ove h im
from office fo r n eglect of duty, drunkenness, in com p eten cy, m alfeasance in office and
oth e r g o o d cause.
Approved April 13, 1905.
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309. — Assignm ents
o f wages.
S e c t i o n 1. No assignment, sale or transfer, however made or attempted to be made,
of any wages or salary, earned or to be earned, shall give any right of action, either
at law or in equity, to the assignee or transferee of such wages or salary, nor shall
any action lie for the recovery of such wages or salary, or any part thereof, b y any
other person than the person to w hom such wages or salary are due or to become
due, unless a written notice, together with a true and complete copy of the instru
ment assigning or transferring such wages or salary, shall have been given within
three days after the making of such instrument t o t h e person, firm or corporation
from whom such wages or salary have accrued or are accruing, or may accrue.
S ec. 2. N o assignment, sale or transfer, however made or attempted of any
unearned wages or salary shall be in any manner valid or effectual for the trans
fer of any salary or wages to be earned or accruing after the making of such
assignment, sale or transfer, unless the person, firm or corporation from whom such
wages or salary are to accrue shall consent thereto in writing. A ny employer or
agent of such employer accepting or charging any fee or commission for collecting
the amount due on any such assignment, sale or transfer shall be deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor.
S ec. 3. Every assignment, sale or transfer, however made or attempted, of wages
or salary to be earned or to become due, in whole or in part, more than sixty (60)
days from and after the day of the making of such transfer, sale or assignment, shall
be absolutely void.
Approved April 19, 1905.
C
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316.—
F ree p u b lic em ploym ent offices.
S e c t i o n 1. The commissioner of labor of the State of Minnesota is hereby directed
to organize and establish in one city in this State containing fifty thousand (50,000)
inhabitants, or more, to be chosen by him, a free public employm ent bureau, for the
purpose of receiving applications from persons seeking employment, and applications
from employers desiring to em ploy labor.
There shall be no fee or compensation charged or received, directly or indirectly,
from persons applying for employment, or from those desiring to em ploy labor
through said bureau.
There shall be appointed b y the commissioner of labor, for such bureau, one
superintendent, w ho may be removed by the commissioner for good and sufficient
cause, such appointment to be made immediately after this act becomes a law, and
thereafter at the commencement of the biennial session of the legislature; the salary
of such superintendents shall not exceed ($1,200) twelve hundred dollars per annum.
S ec. 2 . The superintendent of such bureau shall receive and record in a book to
be kept for that purpose, the names of all persons applying for employment, as well
as the name and address of all persons, firms or corporations applying to em ploy
labor, designating opposite the name and address of each applicant the character of
employment desired or offered.
Such superintendent shall also perform such other duties in the collection of labor
statistics, and in the keeping of books and accounts of his bureau as the commis
sioner may direct or require, and shall report m onthly all business transacted by his
bureau, to the office of the commissioner of labor, at the State capitol.
S ec. 3. Every application for employm ent by em ployer or em ployee w hich is
made to the free employm ent bureau shall be void after thirty days from its receipt,
unless the same be renewed b y the applicant. W hen an applicant for labor has
secured the same, he shall within ten days thereafter, notify the superintendent of
the bureau upon a notification card provided for that purpose.
If any such applicant neglects to notify such superintendent, he or they shall be
debarred from all future rights and privileges of such em ploym ent bureau at the
discretion of the commissioner of labor, to whom the superintendent shall report
such neglect.
585
LABOR LAWS— MINNESOTA— ACTS OF 1905.
S ec. 4. There is hereby annually appropriated out of any money in the Shite
treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of seventeen hundred fifty ($1,750)
dollars, or so much thereof as may be necessary, to carry out the provisions of this act.
Approved April 19, 1905.
M ON TAN A.
AMENDMENTS TO CONSTITUTION.
A
r t ic l e
18.— E m p loym en t
o f children in m ines— A g e
lim it— H o u rs
em ployees on p u b lic w orks and in m ines, sm elters, etc.
of
labor o f
S e c t i o n 3. It shall be unlawful to employ children under the age of sixteen (16)
years of age in underground mines.
S ec. 4. A period of eight hours shall constitute a day’ s work on all works or under
takings carried on or aided by any municipal, county or State government, and on
all contracts let by them, and in mills and.smelters for the treatment of ores, and in
underground mines.
Sec. 5. The legislature by appropriate legislation shall provide for the enforcement
of the provisions of this article.
A ct of submission approved December 10, 1903.
Amendments adopted November, 1904.
ACTS OF 1905.
C
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1.—
L ia b ility o f ra ilroa d com panies fo r in ju ries to em ployees .
Section 1. Every person or corporation operating a railway or railroad in this State
shall be liable for all damages sustained by any em ployee of such person or corpora
tion in consequence of the neglect of any other em ployee or employees thereof, or by
the mismanagement of any other employee or employees thereof, and in consequence
of the w illful wrongs, whether of commission or omission, of any other em ployee or
employees thereof, when such neglect, mismanagement or wrongs, are in any man
ner connected with the use and operation of any railway or railroad on or about
w hich they shall be employed, and no contract w hich restricts such liability shall
be legal or binding.
S ec. 2. In case of the death of any such employee in consequence of any injury or
damage so sustained, the right of action shall survive and may be prosecuted and
maintained by his heirs or personal representatives.
Approved January 16, 1905.
C
h apter
16.—
E m p loym en t o f children in m ines.
[See Bulletin 62, pages 238,239.]
C
h apter
23.— L ia b ility
o f em ployers fo r injuries to em ployees .
.
S e c t i o n 1 Every company, corporation, or individual operating any mine, smelter,
or mill for the refining of ores shall be liable for any damages sustained by any
employees thereof within this State, without contributing negligence on his part,
when such damage is caused b y the negligence o f any superintendent, foreman, shiftboss, hoisting, or other engineer, or crane men.
S ec . 2. N o con tract o f insurance, relief, benefit, or in dem n ity in case of in ju ry or
death, n o r a n y oth er con tract entered in to b efore th e in ju ry, betw een th e person
in ju red and a n y o f th e em p loyers nam ed in this act shall constitute a n y bar or
defense to a n y cause o f action b rou gh t u nder th e provision o f this act.
Sec . 3. In case of the death of any such employees in consequence of any injury or
damages so sustained, the right of action shall survive and may be prosecuted and
maintained b y its heirs, or personal representatives.
Approved February 20, 1905.
C
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50.— H o u rs
o f labor— P u b lic W orks — M in es, sm elters, etc.
S e c t i o n 1. A period of eight (8) hours shall constitute a day’ s work on all works
or undertakings carried on or aided by any municipal, county or State government,
and on all contracts let b y them, and in mills and smelters for the treatment of ores,
and in underground mines.
586
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
S e c . 2. Every person, corporation, stock company or association of persons who
violate any of the provisions of section one (1) of this act shall be guilty of a misde
meanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be punished b y a fine of not less than one
hundred dollars ($100) nor more than five hundred ($500) dollars or b y imprison
m ent in the county jail for not less than thirty days nor more than six months, or
by both such fine and imprisonment.
A pproved March 1, 1905.
N EBRASK A.
ACTS OF 1905.
C
h apter
90.— Trade-m arks
o f trade u n ion s .
S e c t i o n 1. Every person or association or union of workingmen or others that has
adopted or shall adopt for their protection any label, trade-mark or form of advertise
ment, m ay file the same for record in the office of the secretary of state by leaving two
copies, counterparts or facsimiles thereof with the secretary of state. Said secretary
shall thereupon deliver to such person, association or union so filing the same a duly
attested certificate of the record of the same, for w hich he shall receive a fee of ($2)
dollars. Such certificate of record shall in all actions and prosecutions, under the
follow ing three sections, be sufficient proof of the adoption o f such label, trade-mark
or form of advertisement, and the right of said person, association or union to adopt
the same.
S ec. 2. E v e ry person, association or u nion adoptin g a label, trade-m ark, or form
o f advertisem ent, as specified in th e precedin g section, m a y proceed b y action to
en jo in th e m anufacture, use, display or sale o f a n y counterfeit or im itation th ereof;
a n d all courts h aving ju risdiction o f such actions shall grant in ju nctions to refrain such
m anufacture, use, disp lay or sale, and shall aw ard th e com plain an t th erein such dam
ages resulting from such w ron gfu l m anufacture, use, display or sale, and a reasonable
a ttorn ey’ s fee, to b e fix e d b y th e court, a nd shall require th e defen dant to p a y to
such person, association o r u n ion th e profits d erived from such w ron gfu l m anufacture,
use, display o r sale, and a reasonable attorn ey’ s fee to b e fix e d b y th e court, and said
cou rt shall also ord er th at all such counterfeits o r im itations in th e possession or under
th e con trol o f an y defen dant in such case b e d elivered to an officer o f th e cou rt to b e
destroyed. Such actions m ay b e prosecuted for the benefit o f a n y association or
u nion b y a n y officer o r m em b er thereof.
S e c .' 3. It shall be unlawful for any person or corporation to imitate any label,
trade-mark or form o f advertisement adopted as provided in the second preceding
section, or to knowingly use any counterfeit or imitation thereof, or to use or display
such genuine label, trade-mark or form of advertisement or the name or seal of such
person, union or association, or of any officer thereof, unless authorized so to do, or in
any manner not authorized by him or it. A ny person violating any provisions of
this section shall be imprisoned in the county jail not more than thirty days or be
fined not less than twenty-five nor more than one hundred dollars.
Approved March 28, 1905.
NEVADA.
ACTS OF 1905.
C
h apter
32.— H o u rs
o f labor on p u b lic w orks — E ig h t-h ou r d a y .
S e c t i o n 1. Section 2 of the above-entitled act [Chapter 37, acts of 1903] is hereby
amended so as to read as follows:
Section 2. A n y violation of the provisions of this act shall be deemed a misdemeanor
and shall subject the em ployee as w ell as the person or persons acting on behalf of
the State, county or municipal government in the em ploym ent of such employee, to
a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than fifty dollars, and in case any con
tract is let for any State, county or municipal government work, the contractor or
contractors violating the provisions hereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than
five dollars nor m ore than fifty dollars for each and every man so em ployed by such
contractor or contractors, and in addition thereto such contract shall be forfeited and
be null and void: P rovid ed , That nothing herein shall be so construed as to prevent
the preservation or protection of property in cases of emergency.
A pproved February 27, 1905.
LABOB LAWS---- NEVADA---- ACTS OF 1905.
C
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98.— M in e
587
regulations .
S e c t i o n 1. Section one of the act of which this act is amendatory (Sec. 277, Com
piled Laws of 1899) is hereby amended so as to read as follows:
Section 1. (277) It shall be unlawful for any person or persons, company or compa
nies, corporation or corporations, after the first day of July, A. D. nineteen hundred
and five, to sink or w ork through any vertical shaft, at a greater depth than three
hundred and fifty feet, unless the said shaft shall be provided with an iron-bonneted
safety cage, to be used in the lowering and hoisting of the employees of such person
or persons, company or companies, corporation or corporations. The safety appa
ratus shall be securely fastened to the cage and shall be of sufficient strength to hold
the cage loaded at any depth to w hich the shaft may be sunk. In any shaft less
than three hundred and fifty feet deep where no safety cage is used and where cross
head or crossheads are used, platforms for employees, to ride upon in lowering and
hoisting said employees shall be placed above said crosshead or crossheads; the pro
visions of this act requiring the placing of said platforms on said crosshead or cross
heads not later than the first day of July, A. D. nineteen hundred and five.
S e c . 2. A ny person or persons, company or companies, corporation or corpor
ations or the managing agent of any person or persons, company or companies, cor
poration or corporations, violating the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty
of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined in the sum of five
hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the county jail for a term of six months, or by
both such fine and imprisonment.
Approved March 17, 1905.
C
h apter
108.— P a ym en t
o f wages— D iscounting labor checks.
S e c t i o n 1. Whenever any person or persons, firm, corporation or association
whether acting as principal or agent, contractor or subcontractor, shall hire or
employ any other person or persons for the performance of any labor, or service, and
shall issue to such person or persons time checks for the labor or service performed,
it shall be unlawful for the person or persons, firm, corporation or association, issu
ing such time checks to discount the same or deduct therefrom any portion of the
sum as such discount.
S e c . 2. A n y employer of labor, or his agent or representative, violating the pro
visions of section one shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction
thereof shall be punished by a fine of not less than fifty dollars ($50) or more than
three hundred ($300) dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail for not less than
thirty days or more than six months, or b y both such fine and imprisonment.
S ec . 3. N othin g in this act shall a p p ly to persons, firms, associations or corpora
tions, m ak in g discounts, deduction , o r pro rata paym ents in th e course o f b ank
ru p tcy o r in solven cy proceedings, or in th e settlem ent o f th e estates o f deceased
persons.
Approved March 15, 1905.
C
h apter
112.— L icen sin g
o f stationary engineers.
S e c t i o n 1. In addition to the various other powers and duties provided b y law for
the boards of county commissioners of the several counties of this State, said boards
shall have the power, and it is hereby made their duty, to regulate the operation of
stationary engines, steam apparatus and machinery, subject to and in conformity
with the provisions of this act.
S e c . 2.
The several boards of county commissioners are hereby authorized and
required to prepare engineer’ s licenses and oaths and affidavits, as hereinafter pro
vided, w hich licenses shall be issued, on application therefor, under the provisions
of this act, and which, before issuance, must be signed by a majority of the board
issuing same.
S ec . 3. N o license shall b e granted or issued to any person to operate a n y sta
tionary engine, steam boiler, hoist, apparatus or m ach in ery, until th e applicant
th erefor shall h ave taken and subscribed to an oath that h e has had at least three
years’ exp erien ce in th e operation o f steam b oilers and m ach in ery, or w h ose k n ow l
edge and exp erin ce is n o t such as to ju stify th e b oard before w h om such application
is m ade in th e b elief that h e is com peten t to take charge of all classes of steam
b oilers and oth er stationary steam m a ch in ery.
S e c . 4. W henever complaint is made against an engineer holding a license as
herein provided that he, through negligence, want of skill or inattention to duty,
has permitted any boiler in his charge to burn, or has jeopardized life or property,
588
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
the board shall make a thorough investigation of the charge, and, upon satisfactory
proof that the same is true, shall revoke the license of such engineer; and whenever
a complaint is made that any person holding a license as herein provided has been
in a state of intoxication or insobriety while on duty, such charge shall be thor
oughly investigated by the board, and, upon satisfactory proof of its truth, the
license of such person shall be revoked forthwith, and no license shall thereafter be
issued to such person by any board of county commissioners of this State.
Sec. 5. A license issued b y any board of county commissioners of this State, as
herein provided, shall, so long as the same remain unrevoked, entitle the lawful
holder thereof to the privileges thereby conferred in any other county of this
State upon his recording the same with the clerk of the board of commissioners of
the county in w hich he desires to exercise those privileges.
S ec. 6. For the license herein provided, the applicant shall, before the issuance of
same, pay a fee in the sum of five ($5) dollars, which fee shall be assigned to the gen
eral fund of the county in w hich paid.
S ec. 7. Any person operating any stationary engine, steam boiler hoist or other
stationary steam machinery or apparatus, where the lives, health or limbs of men
may be involved, who has not first procured the license herein provided for, shall
be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof in any court of
competent jurisdiction, shall be fined in a sum not less than fifty ($50) dollars nor
more than tw o hundred and fifty ($250) dollars, or by imprisonment in the county
jail not less than thirty nor more than one hundred and twenty days, or b y both
such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court: P rovid ed , That nothing
in this act contained shall be held to apply to those operating in person their own
private steam apparatus nor to persons operating any stationary engine, steam boiler
or other steam apparatus or machinery for town or city purposes.
Approved March 17, 1905.
C h apter 142.— R igh t o f action f o r p erson a l in ju ries .
Section 1. W henever any person shall suffer personal injury b y wrongful act,
neglect or default of anotner, the person causing the injury shall be liable to the
person injured for damages; and where the person causing such injury is employed
b y another person or corporation responsible for his conduct, such person or corpo
ration so responsible shall be liable to the person injured for damages.
S ec. 2. Such liability, however, where not discharged b y agreement and settle
ment shall exist only in so far as the same shall be ascertained and adjudged b y a
State or Federal court of competent jurisdiction in this State in an action brought for
that purpose by the person injured.
Approved March 23, 1905.
C h apter 148.— R igh t o f action f o r injuries causing death.
S ection 1.
* * * Compiled Laws of Nevada, paragraph 3983, is hereby
amended so as to read as follows:
3983. Whenever the death of a person shall be caused b y wrongful act, neglect or
default, and the act, neglect or default is such as would (if death had not ensued)
have entitled the party injured to maintain an action and recover damages in respect
thereof then, and in every such case, the persons who, or the corporation w hich
would have been liable if death had not ensued shall be liable to an action for dam
ages notwithstanding the death of the person injured; and although the death shall
have been caused under such circumstances as amount in law to a felony. Such lia
bility, however, where not discharged by agreement and settlement shall exist only
in so far as the same shall be ascertained and adjudged by a State or Federal court
of competent jurisdiction in this State in an action brought for that purpose. If the
person or corporation against w hom damages are claimed can not be duly served
with process in this State, the action to ascertain and adjudge liability for such dam
ages may be brought and prosecuted in any court of competent jurisdiction in any
State or Territory where such person or corporation is found and duly served witn
process thereof.
Approved March 24, 1905.
C h a p t er 150.— B la ck listin g .
Section 1 . No corporation, company, organization, or individual shall blacklist or
►ublish, or cause to be blacklisted or published, any employee, mechanic, or laborer
lischarged b y such corporation, company, organization or individual with the
589
LABOR LAWS---- NEVADA---- ACTS OF 1905.
intent and for the purpose of preventing such employee, mechanic, or laborer from
engaging in or securing similar or other employm ent from any other corporation,
company, organization, or individual.
Sec. 2. If any officer or agent of any corporation, company, organization, or indi
vidual, or other person, shall blacklist or publish or cause to be blacklisted or pub
lished any employee, mechanic or laborer discharged by such corporation, company,
organization, or individual, with the intent and for the purpose of preventing such
employee, mechanic or laborer from engaging in or securing similar or other
employm ent from any other corporation, company, organization, or individual, or
shall in any manner conspire or contrive by correspondence or otherwise, to prevent
such discharged em ployee from procuring employment, he shall be deemed guilty of
a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty, nor
more than tw o hundred and fifty dollars, or be imprisoned in the county jail not less
than thirty nor more than ninety days, or both.
Sec. 3. But this act shall not be construed as prohibiting any corporation, com
pany, organization or individual, from giving in writing, on application from such
discharged employee, or any corporation, company, organization or individual who
may desire to em ploy such discharged employee, a truthful statement of the reason
for such discharge: P rovid ed , That said written cause o f discharge, when so made by
such person, agent, company, organization or corporation shall not be used as the
cause for an action for libel, either civil or criminal, against the person, agent, com
pany, organization or corporation so furnishing the same.
Approved March 24, 1905.
N E W H A M P S H IR E .
ACTS OF 1905.
C
h apter
1.— L a b or
organizations.— Em bezzlem ent o f fu n d s b y officers.
S e c t i o n 1. Section 17 of chapter 273 of the Public Statutes [shall] be amended so
that said section as amended shall read as follows:
Section 17. If any officer, agent, or servant of a corporation, public or private, or the
clerk, servant, or agent of a person, shall embezzle or fraudulently convert to his
own use any money, bill, note, or security for money, evidence of debt, or other
effects or property whatever of such person or corporation, or in their possession or
keeping, or shall knowingly or voluntarily pay or deliver any such money, bill, note,
security for money, evidence of debt, or other effects or property to any person or to
the order of any person, knowing that such person is not entitled to receive it, and
punishment is not otherwise specially provided for the offense, he shall be fined not
exceeding two thousand dollars, or be imprisoned not exceeding five years, or both.
And if any officer, agent, clerk or servant of any incorporated or unincorporated
trades union, fraternal or benevolent association, club, society, or other association
of persons levying assessments or dues upon its members or supported in w hole or
in part by their voluntary contributions, shall embezzle, fraudulently convert, or
knowingly or voluntarily misapply any m oney or other effects or property of such
association as aforesaid, he shall be deemed guilty of an offense under this section
and punished as herein provided, notwithstanding that he may have an interest in
said money, effects, or property.
Approved February 1, 1905.
C
h apter
49.— E m p loym en t
o f w om en and m in ors in barroom s.— Sale o f liquor to
em ployees.
S e c t i o n 11. Amend subdivision 2, section 17 [of chapter 95, Laws of 1903, relating
to the traffic in intoxicating liquor] so that said section, as amended, shall read as
follows:
Section 17. It shall not be lawful
*
*
*
*
*
.
*
*
2. To permit any girl or woman * * * to sell or serve any liquor on the prem
ises; or to permit any male person under the age of twenty-one years to sell or
serve any liquor on the premises, except to bona fide registered guests in their rooms
and in dining rooms with meals under licenses of the first class.
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
Sec. 16. Am end section 27 by striking out the w hole of said section and by insert
ing in lieu thereof the following:
Section 27. The * * * employer of a person w ho has the habit of drinking intoxi
cating liquor to excess * * * may give notice in writing, signed by him or her,
5929— No. 63— 06----- 17
590
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
to any person requesting him not to sell or deliver such liquor to the person having
such habit. The notice provided for in this section may be served by any officer
duly qualified to serve process or b y any individual of lawful age. Such officer or
individual shall make return of service of said notice to the clerk of the city or town
in which such service is made, giving the name of the party on whom served, the
location b y street and number, if any, of the place of business of the licensee on
whom service is made, and the date and hour of service. An officer making service
of such notice shall make his return thereon as upon civil process. An individual
making service of such notice shall sign and make oath to the return thereon. The
clerk o f the city or town in w hich such service is made shall receive, file and pre
serve a copy of such notice and return without charge therefor. If the person so
notified, at any time within twelve months thereafter, sells or delivers any liquor to
the person having such a habit, or permits him to loiter on his premises, the person
giving the notice may, in an action of tort, recover of the person notified, not less
than one hundred nor more than five hundred dollars, as may be assessed as dam
ages; but an employer w ho gives such notice shall not recover unless he is injured in
his person or property, and a druggist or apothecary shall not be liable hereunder
for a sale made upon the prescription of a physician. * * *
Approved March 9, 1905.
C h apter 50.— Insp ection o f steam vessels— E xa m in a tion and licensing o f engineers, etc.
Section 1. For the purposes of this act the State of New Hampshire shall be, and
hereby is, divided into three (3) districts. District number one shall comprise the
counties of Rockingham, Strafford, Merrimack, Hillsborough, Cheshire and Sullivan.
District number tw o shall comprise Carroll County and the town of Alton in Belknap
County. District number three shall comprise all that portion of the State not
included in the aforesaid district number one and district number two.
S ec. 2. The governor w ith the advice of the council shall appoint for each of the
three districts aforesaid one inspector of electric, naphtha, gasoline, or steamboats,
whose duty it shall be to inspect all such boats, and the boilers and engines thereof, used
for the carriage o f passengers or freight for hire on any lake, river, or pond in their
respective districts not subject to the authority in this respect of the United States
inspection laws, or where inspections under such laws are not regularly made. The
inspectors so appointed shall hold office for the term of tw o years.
Sec. 3. W henever a boat used as aforesaid plies the waters of two inspection dis
tricts, it shall be inspected b y the inspector of the district in w hich its hom e port is situ
ated : P rovid ed , That in case of a boat owned by a stock company and plying the waters
of twTo districts as aforesaid, the directors of such com pany shall determine b y vote,
duly recorded and certified, to w hich of the two districts it shall be held to belong
for the purposes of supervision and inspection. A boat licensed as heretofore pro
vided in this section shall be under the supervision and control of the inspector issu
ing the certificate, whether plying the waters of his district, or of another district.
Sec. 4* The board of railroad commissioners shall prescribe rules and regulations
governing the inspection and licensing of all boats referred to in this act and the
equipment and operation thereof, copies of w hich shall be furnished to the owners
or lessees and b y them posted in conspicuous places on such boats.
S ec . 5. The owners or lessees of every electric, naphtha, gasoline, or steamboat
used for the carriage of passengers or freight for hire, as provided in section 2, shall
cause it to be inspected b y the district inspector in all its parts, its engines and its
boilers, annually, within thirty (30) days prior to its engaging in the carriage of pas
sengers or freight.
Sec. 6. If upon such inspection the inspector finds the boat, its boilers and engines,
to be safe and sufficient for the carriage of passengers and freight, he shall prescribe
the maximum number o f passengers the boat may carry at any one time, and he shall
give the owners or lessees a certificate and license accordingly.
Sec. 7. A n inspector shall examine such boat, its boilers ana engines, at other times
as he shall deem the public'interest and safety require, not exceeding twice in any
year, to see if the provisions of law and the rules and regulations established by the
board o f railroad commissioners have been com plied with.
S ec. 8. If any boat licensed as aforesaid shall, during the period of its license, be
deemed b y an inspector unsafe in its hull, or defective in its engine, boilers or machin
ery, or if its owners or lessees shall have failed to com ply with the rules and regulations
prescribed as aforesaid, he shall have power to revoke its license and stop and detain
the boat until the necessary repairs have been made, or until the rules and regula
tions have been com plied with, and shall then issue a new certificate or license.
LABOR LAWS---- NEW HAMPSHIRE---- ACTS OF 1905.
591
Sec. 9. If the owners or lessees of boats inspected as aforesaid are not satisfied with
an inspector’ s decision as to the licensing of such boat, they may appeal therefrom to
the board of railroad commissioners, wrho after due notice and hearing shall determine
the matters in controversy and their decision shall be final.
Sec. 10. The owners or lessees of any boat licensed to carry passengers or freight
for hire as provided in this chapter shall not em ploy any captain, master, engineer
or pilot upon said boat unless such captain, master, engineer or pilot has been
examined by an inspector of boats and has a certificate from him as to his compe
tency. Certificates of captains, masters, engineers and pilots shall be of two classes.
A general certificate shall give the holder thereof the right to act on such a number,
and such classes, of boats as the inspector issuing the same may designate in such
general certificate. A certificate shall give the holder thereof the right to act on the
boat specified by name in said certificate.
Sec. 11. A ll captains, masters, engineers and pilots shall be examined b y the
inspectors as to their competency under oath, and power to administer oaths in such
cases is hereby granted to inspectors.
Sec. 12. If any person shall use any such boat for the carriage of passengers or
freight for hire, which, with its boilers and engines, has not been inspected and
licensed, as provided in this chapter, or shall employ upon any such boat any cap
tain, master, engineer or pilot who has not been examined and licensed as required
by the preceding sections, he shall be fined not exceeding one hundred dollars, or
be imprisoned not exceeding one year, or both.
Sec. 14. If any person shall act as captain, master, engineer or pilot on any boat
without the certificate herein required, or if any captain, master, engineer or pilot
shall, during the period for which he is licensed, neglect his duties or be of intem
perate habits, or violate any of the rules and regulations established b y the railroad
commissioners; or if any engineer shall carry more steam than the certificate for his
boat allows, or shall in any way or manner interfere with the locked safety valve of
the boiler, after the same has been set b y the inspector, so as to allow greater pres
sure in the boiler than the amount specified b y the certificate, his license shall be
suspended or revoked by the inspector, and he may be punished by a fine not exceed
ing one hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding one year, or b y both
such fine and imprisonment.
Sec. 15. If any person is not satisfied with the decision of an inspector in the
matter of licensing a captain, master, engineer or pilot, or of revoking a license as
aforesaid, he may appeal therefrom to the board of railroad commissioners, w ho
after due notice and hearing shall determine the matters in controversy and their
decision shall be final.
Sec. 19. Inspectors shall be allowed six cents a mile travel b y the most direct route
to and from any boat inspected or examined; five dollars for each boat inspected
and certified or examined, and one dollar for each certificate of a captain, master,
engineer or pilot, all of w hich shall be paid b y the owners or lessees of such boats.
Inspectors shall be allowed three dollars for each general certificate of a captain,
master, engineer or pilot, w hich shall be paid by the person in whose name such
certificate is issued.
Approved March 9, 1905.
CUMULATIVE IN DEX OF LABOR LAW S AND DECISIONS DELATING
THERETO.
[This index includes all labor laws enacted since January 1, 1904, and published in successive
issues of the Bulletin, beginning with Bulletin No. 57, the issue o f March, 1905. Laws enacted pre
viously appear in the Tenth Special Report of the Commissioner of Labor. The decisions indexed
under the various headings relate to the laws on the same subjects without regard to their date of
enactment and are indicated by the letter “ D ” in parentheses following the name of the State.]
Bulletin.
No.
Accident insurance. ( S ee Insur
ance, accident.)
Accidents in factories:
New Jersey................................
Accidents in mines:
Ohio............................................
Accidents on railroads:
Minnesota..................................
Advances made by employers.
(S e e Employers’ advances.)
Arbitration of labor disputes:
M aryland..................................
Massachusetts...........................
Assignment of wages:
Connecticut..............................
Illin ois.......................................
Massachusetts...........................
Minnesota..................................
New Y ork ..................................
Bakeries, hours o f labor of em
ployees in . ( S ee Hours of labor.)
Barbers, examination, etc., of.
( S ee Examination, etc.)
Blacklisting:
C olorado...................................
Nevada.......................................
Boycotting:
C olorado...................................
(S e e a ls o Interference with
employment.)
Bribery, etc., of employees:
Connecticut..............................
Massachusetts...........................
Michigan...................................
Bribery o f representatives of labor
organizations:
New Y o rk ..................................
Bureau of labor:
California..................................
I o w a ..........................................
New Jersey................................
United States.............................
Cause of discharge.
(S e e Dis
charge, statement of cause of.)
Children and women, employ
ment of, in barrooms:
New Hampshire........................
V erm on t...................................
Children and women, employ
ment of, in mines:
In d ian a.....................................
Illin ois.......................................
Missouri.....................................
Children and women, hours of
labor of:
Massachusetts...........................
Children, earnings of. (S e e Earn
ings of minors.)
Children, employment of, age
limit for:
California..................................
Delaware...................................
58
Bulletin.
Page.
1015
59
379
63
581
57
57
707,708
708-710
62
61
61
63
57
331
1075
1087
584
712
62
63
330,331
588,589
62
330,331
62
57
62
332
710
581
57
718
62
60
58
57
328
712
1018,1019
719
63
60
589
715
63
61
61
576
1077
1093
57
711
62
62
200
207,208
No.
Children, employment of, age
limit for—Concluded.
Illinois (D )................................
Kansas.......................................
Massachusetts...........................
M ich ig a n ..................................
Missouri.....................................
New Jersey................................
Oregon.......................................
Pennsylvania...........................
Rhode Island.............................
Washington (D )........................
West V irginia...........................
Children, employment of, general
provisions:
California..................................
Connecticut...............................
Delaware...................................
Massachusetts...........................
Missouri.....................................
New Jersey................................
New Y ork ..................................
Ohio............................................
Oregon.......................................
Pennsylvania...........................
Rhode Island.............................
V erm on t....................................
Washington..............................
West V irginia...........................
W isconsin..................................
Children, employment of, in bar
rooms:
H aw aii.......................................
New Hampshire........................
V erm on t...................................
Children, employment of, in cer
tain occupations forbidden:
California..................................
M aine.........................................
Children, employment of, in mines:
Illin o is.......................................
In d ian a.....................................
Missouri.....................................
M ontana....................................
O regon.......................................
Pennsylvania...........................
West V irginia...........................
Children, employment of, in
street trades:
New Y o r k ..................................
Children, hiring out, to support
parents in idleness:
Georgia.......................................
Louisiana..................................
Mississippi................................
North Carolina.........................
Children, hours of labor of:
California..................................
Delaware...................................
Page.
59
335-337
62
217,218
62
226
62
231
62
237
62
243
62
258-260
f
263,
62 \
266-268
62
269-271
61 1054,1055
62
280
62
62
62
62
62
62
62 /i
62 /\
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
200-202
206
207,208
224-226
236,237
243,244
245-248,
250,251
255,
257,258
258-260
266-268
269-271
276,277
279
280
284
62
62
62
210
241
276
62
62
199,2C0
222
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
211
216
236
237-239
258
263-266
280
62
251
62
62
62
62
209
220
235
253
62
62
200
207
593
594
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
C um ulative in d ex o f la bor law s a n d d ecisio n s relaM ng th ereto —Continued.
Bulletin.
Children, hours of labor of—Con
cluded.
Ind ian a.....................................
Massachusetts...........................
New Hampshire........................
New Jersey................................
Pennsylvania...........................
Children, night work by:
California..................................
Massachusetts...........................
Michigan...................................
Oregon.......................................
Pennsylvania...........................
Rhode Island.............................
V erm on t..................................
Chinese, exclusion, etc., of:
United States............................
Citizens preferred for employment
on public works:
New M exico..............................
Combinations to fix wages:
Louisiana.................................
Conspiracy. (See Interference;
Intimidation.)
Contracts of employees with in
tent to defraud:
South Carolina.........................
Contractors’ bonds. (See Protec
tion of wages.)
Death. ( S ee Injuries causing.)
Discharge, statement of cause of:
Missouri.....................................
Divorce, etc., statistics of, to be
procured:
California................................
Earnings of minors:
Wisconsin................................ .
Eight-hour day:
California................................ .
C olorado..................................
Missouri....................................
M ontana..................................
Nevada.....................................
Nevada ( D ) .............................
New York (D )..........................
Porto R i c o ...............................
Washington (D )......................
Emigrant aj
Georgia
H aw aii.......................................
North Carolina (D )...................
Employees, bribery, etc., o f:
Massachusetts...........................
Employers’ advances, repayment
New M exico..............................
South Carolina.........................
Employers’ liability. ( S ee Liabil
ity, etc.)
Employers to furnish names of
employees to officials:
New M exico..............................
W yom in g ................................ .
Employment offices:
California..................................
California (D )...........................
Connecticut..............................
Michigan.................................. .
Minnesota................................ .
Missouri.....................................
New Y ork ................................
Ohio.......................................
Virginia................................
(S e e a ls o Emigrant agents.)
Examination, etc., of barbers:
Connecticut........................ .
Kansas................................ .
M aryland...........................
Maryland ( D ) .....................
Oregon (D )................. <-----Washington (D ).................
No.
Page.
62
62
62
62
62
216
225,226
241
244
266,267
62
62
62
62
62
62
62
200
226
231
259
267
269
276,277
57
719,720
57
61
708
1094
57
704
60
714
61
1092
62
328
62
281
62
62
61
63
63
59
57
59
57
329,330
331
1092,1093
585,586
586
334,335
687,688
385
685-687
59
62
57
378
334
688
57
710
61
60
61
61
1093,1094
714
1094
1094,1095
62
329
57
693-696
62
333
577
63
63
584,585
1090
61
713-715
57
59 \f 379,380,
382,383
60
716
62
61
57
59
57
58
332,333
1080
705-707
338-340
696-698
992-994
Bulletin.
No.
Examination, etc., of horseshoers:
H awaii.......................................
Washington (D )........................
Examination, etc., of plumbers:
M aine.........................................
Minnesota ( D ) .........................
Examination, etc., of stationary
firemen:
Massachusetts...........................
Examination, etc., of steam engi
neers:
Massachusetts...........................
Nevada.......................................
New Hampshire........................
Ohio............................................
Exemption of wages from execu
tion, etc.:
Alabama (D ).............................
I o w a .................................. .......
Kansas.......................................
Louisiana..................................
Porto R ico..................................
Factories, etc., inspection of. ( S ee
Inspection.)
Fellow-servants. ( S ee Liability of
employers.)
Fire escapes on factories:
I o w a ..........................................
New Jersey................................
Horseshoers, examination, etc.,
of. (See Examination, etc.)
Hours of labor of children and
women. ( S e e Children, etc.)
Hours of labor of drug clerks:
California..................................
Hours of labor of employees,in
bakeries:
New York (D )...........................
Hours of labor of employees in
mines, smelters, etc.:
C olorado....................................
Missouri.....................................
M ontana....................................
Nevada (D )................................
Hours of labor of employees on
railroads:
Arizona ( D ) ...............................
In d ian a.....................................
Kansas.......................................
Missouri.....................................
Hours of labor on public roads:
In d ian a.....................................
Hours of labor on public works:
California..................................
M ontana...................................
Nevada.....................................
Porto R ico..................................
Immigration, regulation, etc., of:
United States.............................
Injuries causing death, right of
action for:
Alabama (D ).............................
Missouri.....................................
Nevada.......................................
Injuries, personal, right of action
for:
Nevada.......................................
Inspection of factories:
Connecticut............................. .
Maryland ( D )...........................
Massachusetts..........................
New Jersey...............................
New York
Rhode Island.................
Washington (D )............
Inspection of steam boilers:
Massachusetts................
Inspection of steam vessels:
New Hampshire............
United States.................
Page.
62
58
334
994,995
61
62
1085
322,323
61
1087,1088
61
63
1087,1088
587,588
590,591
378,379
63
60
61
57
59
552,553
712
1083
704
385
60
58
712,713
1016-1018
{S
698-700
340-355
62
61
63
59
331
1092,1093
585,586
334,335
60
63
61
61
577
1082,1083
1089
63
577
62
63
63
59
329,330
585,586
586
57
720
58
61
63
995-998
1090,1091
588
63
62
999-1002
58
711
57
58 1013-1019
f
712,713,
57 | 715-718
713,714
60
990-992
158
\62
321,322
61
1089
63
60
590,591
718-720
595
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR.
C um ulative in d ex o f labor law s an d d ecision s rela tin g th ereto —Continued.
Bulletin.
Inspectors, factory:
I o w a ..........................................
New Jersey................................
Ohio.....................•......................
Inspectors, mine:
Illin o is.......................................
In d ian a.....................................
M ichigan....................................
Minnesota..................................
Inspectors, railroad:
Illin o is.......................................
Insurance, accident:
Illin o is.......................................
Insurance, cooperative:
Maryland ( D ) ...........................
Interference with employment:
Illinois (D )................................
Wisconsin (D )...........................
Intimidation:
Connecticut (D )........................
Intoxicating liquor.' (See Liquor.)
Intoxication, etc., in or about
mines or smelters:
W yom ing...................................
Labor' bureau of. (See Bureau of
labor.)
Labor Day:
Mississippi..................................
Labor organizations, bribery of
representatives of:
New Y o rk ..................................
Labor organizations, incorpora
tion, regulation, etc., of:
Massachusetts...........................
New Hampshire........................
Pennsylvania (D) .....................
Liability of employers for inju
ries to employees:
Arizona ( D ) ...............................
I l l i n o i s .. ..................................
Indiana (D )...............................
Iowa ( D ) ...................................
Kansas.......................................
Missouri.....................................
M ontana....................................
New York (D )...........................
North Carolina (D )...................
Ohio............................................
O h io(D ).....................................
Texas (D )....................................
Virginia (D) .............................
Washington (D )........................
Wisconsin (D )...........................
License tax, exemption of me
chanics, etc., from:
Louisiana..................................
Liquor, sale of, to employees:
H aw aii.......................................
New Hampshire........................
V erm on t....................................
Lodging houses, sailors’ :
United States.............................
Manufactured articles, marking:
California..................................
Marriage, etc., statistics of, to be
procured:
C alifornia..................................
Mechanics, exemption of, from
manufacturers’ taxes:
Philippine Islands....................
Mine regulations:
Illin o is.......................................
In d ia n a .....................................
Kansas.......................................
M ichigan...................................
Missouri.....................................
Nevada.......................................
Ohio............................................
No.
Page.
60
68
59
712
1018,1019
383,384
61
63
63
63
1076
574-576
578
582-584
61
1078
61
1075,1076
57
689,690
63
57
553-558
678-680
57
681-684
61
1095
57
712
67
718
57
63
61
710
589
1064,1065
60
694,695
61 1075,1076
58
988,989
J61 1061-1064
547-549
\63
1082
61
61 1090,1091
585
63
61 /1055,1056,
11059-1061
63
549,550
384
59
/56
297-299
157
690-693
160
692-694
^61 1056-1058
551
(63
58
985,986
990-992
58
58
986-988
57
703
62
63
60
334,335
589,590
715
57
719
62
330
62
328
59
385
61
63
61
63
61
63
59
1076-1078
569-577
1080-1082
578-580
1093
587
379
Bulletin.
No.
Mine regulations—Concluded.
Pennsylvania ( D ).................... 62
W yoming.................................... 61
Mine regulations. ( S ee a lso A c
cidents in mines: Inspectors,
mine.)
Mines, etc., hours of labor of em
ployees in. ( S ee Hours of labor.)
Mines, etc., intoxication in or
about:
W yoming.................................... 61
Newsboy law:
New Y o rk .................................. 62
Payment of wages due discharged
employees:
Arkansas (D )............................. 60
Payment of wages in scrip:
In d ian a..................................... 63
Missouri (D )............................... 56
Nevada....................................... 63
South Carolina......................... ! 60
Payment of wages, modes and
times of:
M aryland.................................. 57
Massachusetts........................... 61
New Jersey................................ 58
Peonage:
United States (D )...................... 60
Picketing:
C olorado.................................... 62
Plumbers, examination, etc., of.
{S e e Examination, etc.)
Preference of wages. {S e e Wages
as preferred claims.)
Printing, public. {S e e Public
* printing.)
Protection of employees as mem
bers of labor organizations:
Kansas (D )................................ 56
Protection of employees on build
ings:
Kansas....................................... 61
New York (D )........................... 62
Protection of employees on street
railways:
District of Columbia................. 60
Louisiana.................................. 57
M aine......................................... 61
South Carolina.......................... 60
Protection of wages:
Massachusetts........................... 57
United States............................. 60
Public printing office, employees
in:
Kansas....................................... 61
Public works, preference of resi
dent laborers on:
Massachusetts........................... 57
New M exico.............................. 61
Public works, retention of wages
of employees on:
C alifornia.................................. 62
Public works, use of domestic ma
terials for:
Missouri (D )............................... 60
New M exico............................... 61
Public works, vaccination of em
ployees on:
Virginia..................................... 60
Railroad bridges, etc.:
V erm on t.................................... 60
Railroad companies, liability of,
for injuries to employees. {S e e
Liability of employers.)
Railroads, height of bridges, wires,
etc., over:
Kansas....................................... 61
V erm on t.................................... i 60
W yom in g .................................. 61
Railroads, hours of labor of em
ployees on. ( S ee Hours of labof.)
Railroads, illiterate employees on:
Ohio............................................ 59
Page.
318,319
1095
1095
251
699,700
576
309-311
587
714,715
704,705
1086,1087
1019
695,696
330
311
1083,1084
319,320
718
703,704
1084,1085
714
711
717,718
1083
708
1094
330
697-699
1094
717
715
1083
715
1095
379
596
BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR,
C um ulative in d ex o f la bor law s a n d d ecisio n s rela tin g th ereto —Concluded.
Bulletin.
Railroads, safety appliances on:
Illin ois.......................................
Ohio............................................
V erm on t....................................
United States ( D ) ....................
Railroads, structures near tracks
of:
Ohio............................................
Rates of wages of employees of
public printing office:
No.
Page.
61
59
60
f56
\59
1078-1080
384
715
299-309
359-361
59
Transas........................................... 61
Right of action for injuries. (S e e
Injuries.)
Scrip. (S e e Payment of wages.)
Seamen:
United States.............................
Seats for female employees:
M aryland..................................
Statistics, collection of:
H aw aii.......................................
Steam boilers, inspection of. ( S ee
Inspection.)
Steam engineers, examination,
etc., of. ( S e e Examination, etc.)
Stone worked within State, use of,
on public works. ( S ee Public
works, use of domestic materi
als for.)
Sunday labor:
H awaii.......................................
Massachusetts...........................
Virginia.....................................
Sweating system:
Maryland (D )...........................
Massachusetts...........................
New Jersey................................
New Y o rk ..................................
57
57
57
62
67
60
58
61
58
57
Bulletin.
No.
Telegraph poles, size, height, etc., 1
of:
|
W yom in g ....... .......................... 61
Time for meals to be allowed em
ployees:
Louisiana.................................. 57
Time to vote to be allowed em
ployees:
380,381
Massachusetts........................... 57
Ohio............................................ 59
Trade-marks of trade unions:
1083
California.................................. 62
Nebraska.................................... 63
New Jersey ( D ) ........................ 61
New Y o rk .................................. 57
Vaccination of employees on pub
719
lic works:
Virginia..................................... 60
707
Wages as preferred claims:
New M exico............................... 61
703
Wages, assignment of. ( See As
signment.)
Wages, combinations to fix:
Louisiana.................................. 57
Wages, exemption of. (S e e Ex
emption, etc.)
Wages of employees on public
works, retention of:
California.................................. 62
Wages, payment of.
(S ee Pay
ment, etc.)
333,334
Wages, rates of. ( S ee Rates of
711
wages.)
716,717
Women and children. ( S ee Chil
999-1002
dren and women.)
1086 ’ Women, employment of:
Michigan.................................... 63
1015,1016
715-718
Page.
1095
,704
710
380
330
586
1066,1067
715
717
1094
704
330
581
LEADING ARTICLES IN PAST NUMBERS OF THE BULLETIN
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
No.
1. Private and public debt in the United States, by George K. Holmes.
Em ployer and employee under the common law, by V. H. Olmsted and
S. D. Fessenden.
2. The poor colonies of Holland, by J. Howard Gore, Ph. D.
The industrial revolution in Japan, b y William Eleroy Curtis.
Notes concerning the money of the U. S. and other countries, by W . C. Hunt.
The wealth and receipts and expenses of the U. S., by W . M. Steuart.
3. Industrial communities: Coal Mining Co. of Anzin, by W . F. W illoughby.
4. Industrial communities: Coal Mining Co. of Blanzy, by W . F. W illoughby.
The sweating system, b y H enry White.
5. Convict labor.
Industrial communities: Krupp Iron and Steel Works, by W . F. W illoughby.
6. Industrial communities: Familist&re Society of Guise, by W . F. Willoughby.
Cooperative distribution, by Edward W . Bemis, Ph. D.
7. Industrial communities: Various communities, by W . F. W illoughby.
Bates of wages paid under public and private contract, by Ethelbert Stewart.
8. Conciliation and arbitration in the boot and shoe industry, by T. A. Carroll.
Railway relief departments, by Em ory R. Johnson, Ph. D.
9. The padrone system and padrone banks, by John Koren.
The Dutch Society for General Welfare, b y J. Howard Gore, Ph. D
10. Condition of the Negro in various cities.
Building and loan associations.
11. Workers at gainful occupations at censuses of 1870,1880, and 1890, b y W . C.
Hunt.
Public baths in Europe, by Edward Mussey Hartwell, Ph. D., M. D.
12. The inspection of factories and workshops in the U. S., by W . F. W illoughby.
Mutual rights and duties of parents and children, guardianship, etc., under
the law, b y F. J. Stimson.
The municipal or cooperative restaurant of Grenoble, France, by C. O. Ward.
13. The anthracite mine laborers, by G. O. Virtue, Ph. D.
14. The Negroes of Farmville, Va.: A social study, b y W . E. B. Du Bois, Ph. D.
Incomes, wages, and rents in Montreal, by Herbert Brown Ames, B. A.
15. Boarding homes and clubs for working women, by Mary S. Fergusson.
The trade-union label, by John Graham Brooks.
16. Alaskan gold fields and opportunities for capital and labor, by S. C. Dunham.
17. Brotherhood relief and insurance of railway employees, by E. R. Johnson,
Ph. D.
The nations of Antwerp, by J. Howard Gore, Ph. D.
18. Wages in the United States and Europe, 1870 to 1898.
19. Alaskan gold fields and opportunities for capital and labor, by S. C. Dunham.
Mutual relief and benefit associations in the printing trade, b y W . S. Waudby.
20. Condition of railway labor in Europe, by Walter E. Weyl, Ph. D.
21. Pawnbroking in Europe and the United States, by W . R. Patterson, Ph. D.
22. Benefit features of American trade unions, by Edward W. Bemis, Ph. D.
The Negro in the black belt: Some social sketches, by W . E. B. Du Bois, Ph. D.
Wages in Lyon, France, 1870 to 1896.
23. Attitude of women’ s clubs, etc., toward social economics, by Ellen M. Henrotin.
The production of paper and pulp in the U. S. from January 1 to June 30,1898.
24. Statistics of cities.
25. Foreign labor laws: Great Britain and France, b y W . F. W illoughby.
26. Protection of workmen in their employment, by Stephen D. Fessenden.
Foreign labor laws: Belgium and Switzerland, by W. F. W illoughby.
27. Wholesale prices: 1890 to 1899, by Roland P. Falkner, Ph. D.
Foreign labor laws: Germany, by W. F. W illoughby.
28. Voluntary conciliation and arbitration in Great Britain, by J. B. McPherson.
System of adjusting wages, etc., in certain roiling mills, by J. H. Nutt.
Foreign labor laws: Austria, by W. F. W illoughby.
No. 29. Trusts and industrial combinations, by J. W . Jenks, Ph. D.
The Y ukon and Nome gold regions, by & C. Dunham.
Labor Day, by Miss M. C. de Graffenried.
No. 30. Trend of wages from 1891 to 1900.
Statistics of cities.
Foreign labor laws: Various European countries, by W . F. W illoughby.
No. 31. Betterment of industrial conditions, by V. H. Olmsted.
Present status of employers’ liability in the U. S., b y S. D. Fessenden.
Condition of railway labor in Italy, by Dr. Luigi Einaudi.
No. 32. Accidents to labor as regulated by law in the TJ. S., b y W . F. W illoughby.
Prices of commodities and rates of wages in Manila.
The Negroes of Sandy Spring, M d .: A social study, by W. T. Thom, Ph. D.
The British workmen’ s compensation act and its operation, by A. M. Low.
No. 33. Foreign labor laws: Australasia and Canada, by W . F. W illoughby.
The British conspiracy and protection of property act and its operation, by
A. M. Low.
No. 34. Labor conditions in Porto Rico, by Azel Ames, M. D.
Social economics at the Paris Exposition, by Prof. N. P. Gilman.
The workmen’ s compensation act of Holland.
No. 35. Cooperative communities in the United States, b y Rev. Alexander Kent.
The Negro landholder of Georgia, b y W . E. B. Du Bois, Ph. D.
No. 36. Statistics of cities.
Statistics of Honolulu, H. I.
No. 37. Railway employees in the United States, by Samuel McCune Lindsay, Ph. D.
The Negroes of Litwalton, V a.: A social study of the “ Oyster Negro,” by
William Taylor Thom, Ph. D.
No. 38. Labor conditions in M exico, b y Walter E. W eyl, Ph. D.
The Negroes of Cinclare Central Factory and Calumet Plantation, La., by
J. Bradford Laws.
No. 39. Course of wholesale prices, 1890 to 1901.
No. 40. Present condition of the hand-working and domestic industries of Germany,
by Henry J. Harris, Ph. D.
W orkmen’ s compensation acts of foreign countries, by Adna F. Weber.
No. 41. Labor conditions in Cuba, by Victor S. Clark, Ph. D.
Beef prices, by Fred C. Croxton.
No. 42. Statistics of cities.
Labor conditions in Cuba.
No. 43. Report to the President on anthracite coal strike, by Carroll D. Wright.
No. 44. Factory sanitation and labor protection, by C-. F. W . Doehring, Ph. D.
No. 45. Course of wholesale prices, 1890 to 1902.
No. 46. Report of Anthracite Coal Strike Commission.
No. 47. Report of the Commissioner of Labor on Hawaii.
No. 48. Farm colonies of the Salvation Army, by Commander Booth Tucker.
The Negroes of Xenia, Ohio, by Richard R. W right, jr., B. D.
No. 49. Cost of living.
Labor conditions in New Zealand, b y V ictor S. Clark, Ph. D.
No. 50. Labor unions and British industry, by A. Maurice Low.
Land values and ownership in Philadelphia, b y A. F. Davies.
No. 51. Course of wholesale prices, 1890 to 1903.
The union movement among coal-mine workers, by Frank J. W ame, Ph. D.
No. 52. Child labor in the United States, b y Hannah R. Sewall, Ph. D.
No. 53. Wages and cost of living.
No. 54. The working of the United States Bureau of Labor, by Carroll D. Wright.
Bureaus of statistics of labor in the United States, b y G. W . W . Hanger.
Bureaus of statistics of labor in foreign countries, by G. W . W . Hanger.
The value and influence of labor statistics, by Carroll D. Wright.
Strikes and lockouts in the United States, 1881 to 1900, b y G. W . W. Hanger.
Wages in the United States and Europe, 1890 to 1903, by G. W . W . Hanger.
Cost of living and retail prices in theU . S., 1890 to 1903, by G. W . W . Hanger.
W holesale prices in the United States, 1890 to 1903, by G. W . W . Hanger.
Housing of the working people in theU . S. by employers, b y G. W . W . Hanger.
Public baths in the United States, by G. W . W . Hanger.
Trade and technical education in the United States.
Hand and machine labor in the United States.
Labor legislation in the United States, by G. A. Weber.
Labor conditions in Hawaii.
No. 55. Building and loan associations in the U. S., by G. W . W . Hanger.
Revival of handicrafts in America, by M ax West, Ph. D.
No. 56. Influence of trade unions on immigrants, by Carroll D. Wright.
Labor conditions in Australia, by Victor S. Clark, Ph. D.
No. 57. Course of wholesale prices, 1890 to 1904.
Street railway employm ent in the United States, by Walter E. W eyl, Ph. D.
No. 58. Labor conditions in the Philippines, b y Victor S. Clark, Ph. D.
Labor conditions in Java, b y Victor S. Clark, Ph. D.
The new Russian workingmen’ s compensation act, by I. M. Rubinow.
No. 59. Wages and hours of labor in manufacturing industries, 1890 to 1904.
Retail prices of food, 1890 to 1904.
L aw s relating to child labor in European countries.
No. 60. G overnm ent industrial arbitration, b y Leonard W . H atch, A . M.
No. 61. L abor conditions in P orto R ico, b y W a lter E. W ey l, Ph. D.
Early organizations o f printers, b y Ethelbert Stewart.
No. 62. Municipal ownership in Great Britain, by Frederic C. Howe, Ph. D.
Conciliation in the stove industry, b y John P. Frey and John R. Commons.
Laws relating to the employm ent of children in the United States.
@FedFRASER