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BANKING & COMMUNITY Perspectives FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS SUPPLEMENT 1997 Eleventh District HMDA Profile The Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (FFIEC) has released 1997 home mortgage loan data gathered under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA). The national data, released in August 1998, reflect lending activity for nearly 8,000 institutions covered by the act. This profile reports HMDA data describing lending patterns for the United States and 10 geographically diverse metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the Eleventh Federal Reserve District, which includes Texas, southern New Mexico and northern Louisiana. Home Purchase Loans Figures 1 through 3 show the percentage changes in home purchase loan originations (conventional plus government-insured) from 1996 to 1997 by racial/ ethnic group and income level nationally and in the 10 Eleventh District MSAs studied. Because of the smaller population and number of loan originations in the four smaller MSAs—Brownsville, Laredo, Las Cruces and Shreveport— only the percentage changes for the two largest ethnic groups are given. Table 1 contains the complete HMDA data reflected in the figures. National Lending Patterns Nationally, as shown in Figure 1A, home purchase loans increased by 12.2 percent for Asians, 3.9 percent for Blacks, 3.8 percent for Hispanics and 2.0 percent for Whites. Loans made to American Indians, however, decreased by 1.2 percent during this period. The average increase was 2.6 percent. Other lending patterns emerged when income level was added to the equation. As shown in Figure 1B, from 1996 to 1997 home purchase lending to low- or moderate-income borrowers increased by 5 percent and to middle- income borrowers by less than 1 percent. Upper-income borrowers experienced a 3.3-percent increase. Additionally, lending to low- or moderate-income Black, Hispanic and White borrowers increased at a faster rate than that to their middle- and upperincome counterparts across the United States. Loans to middle-income Blacks and Hispanics increased by 2.1 percent and 0.8 percent, respectively, with loans to middle-income Whites increasing by only 0.1 percent. The national data show that upper-income Black borrowers realized a decline of 1.2 percent in loans received. Lending increased by over 3 percent for both upper-income Whites and Hispanics. Racial/Ethnic Lending Patterns in 10 MSAs Studied Lending patterns varied within all of the MSAs and from the national numbers, as seen in Figure 2. Among Figure 1 1996 – 97 Percent Change in Home Purchase Loans in the United States A. Racial/Ethnic Group B. Racial/Ethnic Group and Income Level 15 16 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 14 12 12 10 9 8 6 6 4 3 2 0 0 –2 –3 –4 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Total American Indian NOTE: Total includes some unidentified groups. DATA SOURCE: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 1997 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Reports. Asian Black Hispanic White the six larger MSAs, total loan originations increased in the Dallas, Houston and San Antonio MSAs from 1996 to 1997. Total originations, however, decreased in the Austin, Fort Worth and El Paso MSAs, with Austin experiencing a decline in lending to every racial and ethnic group. The overall decline in originations in these three MSAs reflects weakness in their local economies caused by specific problems in the semiconductor electronics industries and the Mexican economy. Similar weakness was seen in single-family housing permit data for these same MSAs. The Houston MSA experienced a 7.2-percent increase in loans originated to Black borrowers. However, the number of loans to Blacks decreased in the other five large MSAs from 1996 to 1997. The Austin and Fort Worth MSAs experienced the largest percentage declines, 10.5 and 11.2, respectively. Loans to Hispanic borrowers increased in the Fort Worth, Houston, San Antonio and El Paso MSAs, yet only Fort Worth and San Antonio experienced an increase greater than the national rate of 3.8 percent. The Dallas MSA saw a decline of 3.6 percent in loans to Hispanics. Three of the six large MSAs had an increase in lending to White borrowers, with Houston having the largest increase, 8.9 percent. Loans originated to White borrowers decreased in the Austin and El Paso markets by 5.2 percent and 17.2 percent, respectively. Loans to American Indian and Asian borrowers showed significant percentage swings in five of the large MSAs, although the actual number of loan applications received was limited. It should be noted, however, that in all six of the large MSAs loans to American Indians dropped at a higher rate than the national number, which also reflected a decrease. Lending to Asian borrowers increased in three of the large MSAs, including Dallas and Houston, which realized 16-percent and 13.1-percent increases, respectively. Lending to Asians decreased in the Austin MSA by 18.2 percent. Among the four smaller MSAs, Brownsville realized a total increase in mortgage loans of 16 percent, well above the national increase of 2.6 percent. Loans to Hispanic borrowers in Brownsville increased by 12.7 percent and to White borrowers by 22.8 percent. In contrast, the Shreveport MSA realized a 2 Figure 2 1996–97 Percent Change in Home Purchase Loans in 10 Eleventh District MSAs by Racial/Ethnic Group* Austin Dallas 0 20 –4 15 10 –8 5 –12 0 –16 –5 –20 –10 T AI A B H W T AI A B H W H W H W Fort Worth El Paso 5 6 0 3 –5 0 –10 –3 –15 –6 –20 –25 –9 –30 –12 T AI A B H T W AI Houston A B San Antonio 15 10 10 5 5 0 0 –5 –5 –10 –10 –15 –15 T AI A B H W T AI Brownsville A B Laredo 25 30 20 20 15 10 10 0 5 0 –10 Total Hispanic White Total Las Cruces Hispanic White Shreveport 15 0 12 –5 9 –10 6 –15 3 0 –20 Total Hispanic White Total Black White * T, Total; AI, American Indian; A, Asian; B, Black; H, Hispanic; W, White. NOTE: Total represents percentage change for entire MSA and includes some unidentified groups. SOURCE: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 1997 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Reports. FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • PERSPECTIVES • HMDA SUPPLEMENT 15.3-percent decrease in mortgage loans. Loans to White borrowers decreased by 16.7 percent and to Black borrowers by 8.4 percent. Loans to Hispanic borrowers increased by 12.1 percent in the Las Cruces MSA; however, they decreased by 5.3 percent in the Laredo MSA. Figure 3 1996 – 97 Percent Change in Home Purchase Loans in 10 Eleventh District MSAs by Ethnicity* and Income Level Austin Dallas 30 42 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 20 10 36 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 30 24 18 0 12 –10 6 0 –20 –6 –30 –12 T AI A B H W T AI El Paso A B H W Fort Worth 200 20 160 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 120 10 80 0 40 –10 0 Low-Moderate Middle Upper –20 –40 –80 –30 T AI A B H W T AI Houston A B H W San Antonio 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 –10 –10 Low-Moderate Middle Upper –20 –30 –20 Low-Moderate Middle Upper –30 –40 T AI A B H W T AI Brownsville B H W Laredo 50 120 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 40 80 30 40 20 0 10 –40 0 Low-Moderate Middle Upper –80 Total Hispanic White Total Las Cruces Hispanic White Shreveport 25 20 A 0 Low-Moderate Middle Upper –5 –10 15 –15 10 –20 5 Low-Moderate Middle Upper –25 0 –30 Total Hispanic White Total Black White * T, Total; AI, American Indian; A, Asian; B, Black; H, Hispanic; W, White. NOTE: Total represents percentage change for entire MSA and includes some unidentified groups. SOURCE: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 1997 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Reports. Lending Patterns in 10 MSAs by Racial/Ethnic Group and Income In the Eleventh District, as seen in Figure 3, lending to low- or moderateincome borrowers increased in all six of the larger MSAs, with four experiencing sizable percentage increases: 7.3 in Austin, 8.2 in Fort Worth, 21 in San Antonio and 12.2 in Houston. Lending to middle-income borrowers increased in the Dallas and El Paso MSAs, and lending to upper-income borrowers increased in the Dallas, Houston and San Antonio MSAs. Lending to upper-income borrowers decreased in the El Paso and Austin MSAs by 19.3 percent and 9.9 percent, respectively. During 1997, lending to low- or moderate-income Black borrowers increased in the Houston and San Antonio MSAs by 21.6 percent and 21.2 percent, respectively—well beyond the 9 percent increase nationally. However, lending to middle-income Black borrowers declined in five of the six large MSAs studied, including percentage decreases of 15.9 in Austin, 16 in Fort Worth, 15.1 in San Antonio, 6.5 in Houston and 4.7 in Dallas. Loan originations to high-income Blacks declined nationally and in four of the District’s larger MSAs. Hispanics in the low- or moderateincome category experienced increased lending in five of the large MSAs. The San Antonio and El Paso MSAs had an almost 18-percent increase—large compared with the 7.6-percent increase nationally. However, lending to low- or moderate-income Hispanics declined by 6.5 percent in Dallas. Lending to middle-income Hispanic borrowers increased in three of the larger MSAs, but declined in Austin by 13.1 percent and Houston by 6.7 percent; it remained constant in Dallas. Loan originations to upper-income Hispanics increased in Dallas, Fort Worth and Houston. Lending to low- or moderate-income White borrowers increased in all six of Continued on page 6 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • PERSPECTIVES • HMDA SUPPLEMENT 3 Table 1 1996 – 97 Home Purchase Loans in 10 Eleventh District MSAs by Racial/Ethnic Group and Income Level United States Austin Dallas El Paso Fort Worth 1997 loans Percent change 1997 loans Percent change 1997 loans Percent change 1997 loans Percent change 1997 loans Percent change 3,641,807 2.6 20,797 –5.9 52,200 4.2 5,550 –4.0 24,494 –0.4 14,933 –1.2 67 –1.5 212 –7.8 64 –9.9 89 –10.1 Asian 118,190 12.2 614 –18.2 2,090 16.0 51 –28.2 626 1.0 Black 257,233 3.9 942 –10.5 3,623 –0.6 138 –4.8 1,162 –11.2 Hispanic 254,382 3.8 2,566 –5.2 4,416 –3.6 3,873 2.2 1,872 5.2 White 2,997,069 2.0 16,423 –5.2 41,304 5.0 1,381 –17.2 20,584 –0.2 Other — — 185 0 555 17.1 43 13.2 161 2.5 871,019 5.0 5,387 7.3 13,521 3.4 1,314 19.3 8,043 8.2 3,870 –1.1 25 4.2 68 –9.3 30 –14.3 34 –8.1 Asian 25,973 13.4 117 6.4 423 20.9 5 150.0 239 0.8 Black 104,290 9.0 428 7.0 1,565 1.3 17 13.3 539 –3.1 96,289 7.6 1,357 5.7 2,951 –6.5 1,144 17.9 1,224 4.8 White 640,597 3.7 3,421 6.8 8,411 5.8 114 44.3 5,968 9.8 Other — — 39 0 103 –15.6 4 33.3 39 –4.9 851,833 0.7 5,688 –8.9 13,392 6.9 1,669 11.4 6,586 –3.3 2,842 –2.7 19 26.7 63 –7.4 17 30.8 28 12.0 Asian 32,100 10.5 161 –26.1 639 35.1 6 –53.8 182 15.9 Black 61,640 2.1 306 –15.9 1,076 –4.7 34 3.0 335 –16.0 Hispanic 66,448 0.8 747 –13.1 887 0 1,334 13.4 384 0.3 White 688,803 0.1 4,405 –7.1 10,566 7.3 269 5.1 5,605 –3.4 Other — — 50 0 161 26.8 9 28.6 52 10.6 1,283,264 3.3 9,722 –9.9 25,287 3.8 2,567 –19.3 9,865 –4.2 3,359 –1.8 23 –20.7 81 –6.9 17 –26.1 27 –27.0 Asian 51,227 14.6 336 –20.6 1,028 5.0 40 –28.6 205 –9.3 Black 51,299 –1.2 208 –27.8 982 1.0 87 –10.3 288 –18.4 Hispanic 66,731 3.3 462 –18.1 578 7.2 1,395 –15.1 264 15.3 White 1,110,648 3.1 8,597 –8.4 22,327 3.6 998 –25.1 9,011 –4.0 Other — — 96 0 291 29.3 30 7.1 70 1.4 Total American Indian Low-Moderate Income Total American Indian Hispanic Middle Income Total American Indian Upper Income Total American Indian NOTES: 1. Home purchase loans include both conventional and government-insured mortgage loans. 2. Loans by income categories may not add up to total loans because income is not available or the MSA is unknown for some applicants. 3. Low or moderate income is defined as less than 80 percent of the HUD estimated median MSA income. Middle income is defined as greater than 80 percent and less than 120 percent of median MSA income. Upper income is defined as greater than 120 percent of median MSA income. SOURCE: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 1997 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Reports. 4 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • PERSPECTIVES • HMDA SUPPLEMENT Houston 1997 loans San Antonio Percent change 1997 loans Percent change Brownsville Laredo Las Cruces 1997 loans Percent change 1997 loans Percent change 1997 loans Shreveport Percent change 1997 loans Percent change 52,101 7.7 17,775 3.8 2,069 16.0 1,572 –3.3 2,098 6.3 4,778 –15.3 194 –13.0 60 –13.0 5 150.0 3 –40.0 31 14.8 12 50.0 2,711 13.1 234 –5.6 29 20.8 7 133.3 14 –12.5 41 70.8 4,285 7.2 919 –5.9 15 50.0 7 40.0 16 –33.3 815 –8.4 8,129 1.4 5,779 7.6 1,390 12.7 1,419 –5.3 1,018 12.1 43 –2.3 36,209 8.9 10,622 2.9 620 22.8 131 26.0 1,012 3.8 3,855 –16.7 573 11.5 161 17.5 10 0 5 –50.0 7 –69.6 12 –72.7 15,416 12.2 4,716 21.0 332 16.9 397 19.2 694 2.2 1,307 –6.4 65 –19.8 23 15.0 1 0 2 –33.3 16 23.1 4 0 788 20.3 38 –9.5 0 –100.0 1 100.0 1 –50.0 5 25.0 1,850 21.6 274 21.2 0 –100.0 0 0 4 –42.9 394 –5.3 5,352 2.0 2,505 18.0 299 17.7 393 20.6 478 2.8 17 70.0 7,235 15.9 1,839 23.5 31 47.6 1 –75.0 194 1.0 884 –8.1 126 5.0 37 27.6 1 0 0 0 1 –90.0 3 –62.5 12,229 –0.6 4,445 –3.8 393 28.4 470 –4.1 512 14.0 1,254 –11.6 49 –18.3 15 –11.8 0 0 0 0 8 –11.1 3 –25.0 733 10.9 63 –1.6 1 100.0 0 0 5 66.7 10 150.0 1,277 –6.5 264 –15.1 0 –100.0 0 –100.0 5 66.7 219 –5.2 1,617 –6.7 1,664 4.4 337 29.6 451 –5.6 269 22.3 7 –41.7 8,418 0.8 2,396 –8.0 55 22.2 17 112.5 223 6.2 1,012 –12.2 135 4.7 43 38.7 0 0 2 –33.3 2 –50.0 3 –80.0 24,456 10.0 8,614 0.5 1,344 12.7 705 –12.1 892 6.8 2,217 –21.3 80 –2.4 22 –31.3 4 300.0 1 –50.0 7 40.0 5 500.0 1,190 10.1 133 –6.3 28 55.6 6 100.0 8 –27.3 26 62.5 1,158 4.4 381 –13.4 15 114.3 7 75.0 7 –50.0 202 –16.9 1,160 12.2 1,610 –2.8 754 4.9 575 –17.1 271 21.5 19 –13.6 20,556 10.2 6,387 2.6 534 21.6 113 22.8 595 3.8 1,959 –22.1 312 17.7 81 5.2 9 0 3 –57.1 4 –55.6 6 –71.4 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • PERSPECTIVES • HMDA SUPPLEMENT 5 Continued from page 3 Figure 4 1997 Home Purchase Loan Denials by Ethnicity* and Income Level the larger MSAs, with San Antonio experiencing a 23.5-percent increase, Houston a 15.9-percent increase and El Paso a 44.3-percent increase. Lending to middle-income White borrowers did not change significantly between 1996 and 1997 except in the Austin MSA, where it declined 7.1 percent, and the San Antonio MSA, where it declined 8 percent. A decline in lending to upper-income Whites occurred in Austin, Fort Worth and El Paso. Among the smaller MSAs studied, lending to low- or moderate-income borrowers increased in the Brownsville and Laredo MSAs by 16.9 percent and 19.2 percent, respectively, and by 2.2 percent in Las Cruces. Shreveport realized a 6.4-percent decrease in lending to lowor moderate-income borrowers. Austin Dallas 70 60 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 AI A B H W A B H W H W H W Fort Worth 70 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 50 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 AI A B H W AI A Houston B San Antonio 60 70 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 50 Figure 4 shows the home purchase loan applications received in 1997 and the loan denial rates by race/ethnicity and income for the 10 Eleventh District MSAs studied. Again, because of the smaller population and number of loan applications in the four smaller MSAs, only the percentage changes for the two largest ethnic groups are given. Table 2 contains the complete HMDA data reflected in the figures. As seen in Figure 4, the denial rate for low- or moderate-income applicants in all MSAs was higher than that of middle- and upper-income applicants for all racial and ethnic groups. The data show that for most of these MSAs as income increases, the denial rate declines for all racial and ethnic groups. The differences in denial rates between White and Black applicants ranged from 22.2 percent in Austin to 3.5 percent in Fort Worth. The differences in denial rates between White and Hispanic applicants ranged from 28.2 percent in Austin to 2.6 percent in Fort Worth. Denial rates for Asian applicants are lower than those for White applicants in all cities except El Paso. ◗ AI El Paso 70 0 Home Purchase Loan Application Denials Low-Moderate Middle Upper 50 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 AI A B H W AI A B Brownsville Laredo 70 100 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 80 50 40 60 30 40 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 20 20 10 0 0 Hispanic White Hispanic Lac Cruces White Shreveport 70 70 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 Low-Moderate Middle Upper 60 0 Hispanic White Black White * AI, American Indian; A, Asian; B, Black; H, Hispanic; W, White. SOURCE: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 1997 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Reports. 6 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • PERSPECTIVES • HMDA SUPPLEMENT Table 2 1997 Home Purchase Loan Denials by Ethnicity and Income Level Austin Denial rate Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Applications Dallas Not Originations accepted* Denied 42.6% 12.8% 45.5% 51.5% 23.3% 176 771 2,074 7,372 24,595 67 614 942 2,566 16,423 34 58 189 1,007 2,438 75 99 943 3,799 5,734 56.5% 26.6% 56.1% 59.7% 43.9% 108 173 1,254 5,177 8,098 25 117 428 1,357 3,421 22 10 122 728 1,126 61 46 704 3,092 3,551 31.6% 10.8% 35.4% 37.6% 19.1% 38 195 539 1,514 6,183 19 161 306 747 4,405 7 13 42 198 596 12 21 191 569 1,182 6.7% 7.9% 17.1% 20.3% 9.7% 30 403 281 681 10,314 23 336 208 462 8,597 5 35 25 81 716 2 32 48 138 1,001 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Denial rate Applications 35.8% 11.6% 32.8% 32.6% 23.2% 374 2,556 6,081 7,397 60,406 212 2,090 3,623 4,416 41,304 28 170 462 568 5,095 134 296 1,996 2,413 14,007 53.8% 18.3% 42.7% 36.9% 45.5% 184 575 3,142 5,286 19,050 68 423 1,565 2,951 8,411 17 47 234 386 1,968 99 105 1,343 1,949 8,671 25.0% 11.9% 25.3% 25.0% 19.6% 92 773 1,599 1,345 14,729 63 639 1,076 887 10,566 6 42 119 122 1,280 23 92 404 336 2,883 12.2% 8.2% 18.6% 16.7% 9.2% 98 1,208 1,340 766 26,627 81 1,028 982 578 22,327 5 81 109 60 1,847 12 99 249 128 2,453 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Applications Not Originations accepted* Denied 51.8% 26.0% 32.4% 35.3% 18.9% 168 73 225 7,076 1,874 64 51 138 3,873 1,381 17 3 14 708 139 87 19 73 2,495 354 58.9% 57.1% 50.0% 45.6% 40.8% 90 14 44 2,802 233 30 5 17 1,144 114 7 1 5 381 24 53 8 22 1,277 95 51.1% 14.3% 40.0% 32.2% 22.2% 47 7 60 2,227 406 17 6 34 1,334 269 6 0 2 177 47 24 1 24 716 90 32.3% 19.2% 22.3% 24.5% 13.7% 31 52 121 2,047 1,235 17 40 87 1,395 998 4 2 7 150 68 10 10 27 502 169 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Denial rate Applications 49.5% 15.1% 36.4% 35.5% 32.9% 222 802 2,055 3,293 35,582 89 626 1,162 1,872 20,584 23 55 146 251 3,294 110 121 747 1,170 11,704 62.2% 20.7% 45.3% 40.1% 51.7% 135 333 1,131 2,309 15,703 34 239 539 1,224 5,968 17 25 80 158 1,618 84 69 512 927 8,117 36.0% 12.7% 28.2% 27.3% 26.1% 50 228 517 604 8,765 28 182 335 384 5,605 4 17 36 55 868 18 29 146 165 2,292 21.6% 9.5% 21.9% 20.5% 11.7% 37 241 407 380 11,114 27 205 288 264 9,011 2 13 30 38 808 8 23 89 78 1,295 Houston Denial rate Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Applications Denied Fort Worth El Paso Denial rate Not Originations accepted* Not Originations accepted* Denied San Antonio Not Originations accepted* Denied 38.3% 14.1% 40.9% 33.0% 28.2% 399 3,488 8,538 14,222 58,382 194 2,711 4,285 8,129 36,209 52 284 761 1,401 5,738 153 493 3,492 4,692 16,435 52.8% 19.4% 51.1% 35.9% 50.5% 197 1,070 4,545 9,848 19,201 65 788 1,850 5,352 7,235 28 74 374 958 2,277 104 208 2,321 3,538 9,689 32.3% 12.6% 31.1% 30.6% 28.2% 96 923 2,177 2,752 13,852 49 733 1,277 1,617 8,418 16 74 223 292 1,522 31 116 677 843 3,912 17.0% 11.3% 27.2% 19.2% 11.2% 106 1,495 1,816 1,622 25,329 80 1,190 1,158 1,160 20,556 8 136 164 151 1,939 18 169 494 311 2,834 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Denial rate Applications Not Originations accepted* 49.1% 24.6% 43.1% 44.2% 29.1% 173 345 1,836 12,790 17,901 60 234 919 5,779 10,622 28 26 126 1,357 2,075 85 85 791 5,654 5,204 58.9% 48.4% 58.2% 53.0% 51.9% 90 93 804 6,951 5,461 23 38 274 2,505 1,839 14 10 62 764 786 53 45 468 3,682 2,836 46.3% 18.8% 37.4% 39.4% 30.6% 41 85 473 3,326 4,269 15 63 264 1,664 2,396 7 6 32 353 565 19 16 177 1,309 1,308 31.0% 14.4% 26.1% 26.4% 13.0% 42 167 559 2,513 8,171 22 133 381 1,610 6,387 7 10 32 240 724 13 24 146 663 1,060 Denied Continued on page 8 FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF DALLAS • PERSPECTIVES • HMDA SUPPLEMENT 7 Table 2 (continued) 1997 Home Purchase Loan Denials by Ethnicity and Income Level Brownsville Denial rate Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Applications Laredo Not Originations accepted* Denial rate Denied 45.5% 14.3% 32.0% 42.0% 19.0% 11 42 25 2,819 828 5 29 15 1,390 620 1 7 2 246 51 5 6 8 1,183 157 0 50.0% 100.0% 58.3% 49.3% 1 4 2 863 73 1 0 0 299 31 0 2 0 61 6 0 2 2 503 36 100.0% 66.7% 100.0% 45.9% 32.3% 1 3 2 809 96 0 1 0 337 55 0 0 0 101 10 1 2 2 371 31 44.4% 5.7% 19.0% 26.9% 13.7% 9 35 21 1,147 659 4 28 15 754 534 1 5 2 84 35 4 2 4 309 90 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Applications Not Originations accepted* Denied 66.7% 22.2% 33.3% 49.1% 37.6% 12 9 12 3,728 271 3 7 7 1,419 131 1 0 1 477 38 8 2 4 1,832 102 66.7% 0 100.0% 59.1% 82.1% 6 1 2 1,463 39 2 1 0 393 1 0 0 0 205 6 4 0 2 865 32 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 49.4% 50.0% 1 1 2 1,225 50 0 0 0 451 17 0 0 0 169 8 1 1 2 605 25 60.0% 14.3% 0 34.8% 24.7% 5 7 8 1,040 182 1 6 7 575 113 1 0 1 103 24 3 1 0 362 45 Las Cruces Denial rate Applications Shreveport Not Originations accepted* Denial rate Denied 48.7% 6.3% 47.5% 48.4% 26.8% 78 16 40 2,831 1,640 31 14 16 1,018 1,012 9 1 5 442 188 38 1 19 1,371 440 52.2% 50.0% 66.7% 55.5% 42.9% 46 2 21 1,603 441 16 1 4 478 194 6 0 3 235 58 24 1 14 890 189 50.0% 0 36.4% 43.3% 32.3% 22 6 11 704 412 8 5 5 269 223 3 1 2 130 56 11 0 4 305 133 30.0% 0 12.5% 33.6% 15.0% 10 8 8 524 787 7 8 7 271 595 0 0 0 77 74 3 0 1 176 118 Total American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Low-Moderate Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Middle Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Upper Income American Indian Asian Black Hispanic White Applications Not Originations accepted* Denied 54.1% 13.0% 44.6% 39.2% 30.9% 37 54 1,785 74 6,865 12 41 815 43 3,855 5 6 173 2 891 20 7 797 29 2,119 68.2% 12.5% 52.1% 37.9% 46.9% 22 8 1,017 29 2,287 4 5 394 17 884 3 2 93 1 330 15 1 530 11 1,073 44.4% 23.1% 41.1% 69.6% 33.5% 9 13 472 23 1,934 3 10 219 7 1,012 2 0 59 0 274 4 3 194 16 648 16.7% 9.1% 24.7% 9.1% 15.1% 6 33 296 22 2,644 5 26 202 19 1,959 0 4 21 1 287 1 3 73 2 398 * Applications approved but not accepted by customer. NOTES: 1. Application totals do not include applications that were withdrawn or whose files were closed. 2. Low or moderate income is defined as less than 80 percent of the HUD estimated median MSA income. Middle income is defined as greater than 80 percent and less than 120 percent of median MSA income. Upper income is defined as greater than 120 percent of median MSA income. SOURCE: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council, 1997 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Reports. Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas Community Affairs Department P.O. Box 655906 Dallas, TX 75265–5906 (800) 333-4460 www.dallasfed.org February 1999
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