Full text of Area Wage Survey : Area Wage Survey: Saginaw, Michigan, Metropolitan Area, November 1975 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 1850-71

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L A-J:

'A1fEA WAGE SURVEY
Saginaw , M ichigan, M etropolitan Area
November 1975
B u lle tin 1850-71

DOCUMENT COLLECTION
APR 6
SAGINAW

Saginaw

1976

Dayton & Montgomery Co.
Public Library

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
■■■— Bureau of Labor Statistics



MAR25 76




Preface
This bulletin provides results of a November 1975 survey of occupational earnings
in the Saginaw, Michigan, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (Saginaw County). The
survey was made as part of the Bureau of Labor Statistics' annual area wage survey program.
The program is designed to yield data for individual metropolitan areas, as well as national
and regional estimates for all Standard Metropolitan Statistical Areas in the United States,
excluding Alaska and Hawaii.
A major consideration in the area wage survey program is the need to describe the
level and movement of wages in a variety of labor markets, through the analysis of (1) the
level and distribution of wages by occupation, and (2) the movement of wages by occupational
category and skill level. The program develops information that may be used for many
purposes, including wage and salary administration, collective bargaining, and assistance in
determining plant location. Survey results also are used by the U.S. Department of Labor
to make wage determinations under the Service Contract Act of 1965.
Currently, 83 areas are included in the program. (See list of areas on inside back
cover.) In each area, occupational earnings data are collected annually. Information on
establishment practices and supplementary wage benefits is. obtained every third year.
Each year after all individual area wage surveys have been completed, two summary
bulletins are issued. The first brings together data for each metropolitan area surveyed.
The second summary bulletin presents national and regional estimates,, projected from
individual metropolitan area data.
The Saginaw survey was conducted by the Bureau's regional office in Chicago, 111.,
under the general direction of Lois L. O rr, Assistant Regional Commissioner for Operations.
The survey could not have been accomplished without the cooperation of the many firms
whose wage and salary data provided the basis for the statistical information in this bulletin.
The Bureau wishes to express sincere appreciation for the cooperation received.

A R EA W A G E S U R V E Y

B ulletin 1850-71

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary

March 1976

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, Julius Shiskin, Commissioner

S a g in a w , M ich ig an , M etro p olitan A rea, Novem ber 1975
CONTENTS

Page

Introduction____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2

Tables:
A.

Appendix A. Scope and method of survey__________________________________________________________________________________________
Appendix B. Occupational descriptions____ _________________________________________________________________________________________




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CO ^

Earnings:
A - l . Weekly earnings of office workers_________________________________________________
A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical w orkers__________________________
A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex
A -4. Hourly earnings of maintenance and powerplant w orkers____________________________________________________________
A -5. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers___________________________„_________ _________________
A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, powerplant, custodial, and material movement workers, by sex______
A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts..

5
5
6
7
8
10

Introduction
This area is 1 of 83 in which the U.S. Department of Labor's
Bureau of Labor Statistics conducts surveys of occupational earnings and
related benefits on an areawide basis. In this area, data were ob­
tained by a combination of personal visit, mail questionnaire, and
telephone interview. Representative establishments within six broad
industry divisions were contacted: Manufacturing; transportation, com­
munication, and other other public utilities; wholesale trade; retail
trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and services. Major industry
groups excluded from these studies are government operations and
the construction and extractive industries. Establishments having fewer
than a prescribed number of workers are omitted because of insufficient
employment in the occupations studied. Separate tabulations are provided
for each of the broad industry divisions which meet publication criteria.

Following the occupational wage tables is table A-7 which
provides percent changes in average earnings of office clerical work­
ers, electronic data processing workers, industrial nurses, skilled
maintenance workers, and unskilled plant workers. This measure of
wage trends eliminates changes in average earnings caused by employ­
ment shifts among establishments as well as turnover of establishments
included in survey samples. Where possible, data are presented for all
industries, manufacturing, and nonmanufacturing. Appepdix A discusses
this wage trend measure.

A-series tables

Appendixes

Tables A - 1 through A-6 provide estimates of straight-time
hourly or weekly earnings for workers in occupations common to a
variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupations
were selected from the following categories: (a) Office clerical, (b) pro­
fessional and technical, (c) maintenance and powerplant, and (d) custodial

This bulletin has two appendixes. Appendix A describes the
methods and concepts used in the area wage survey program and
provides information on the scope of the survey. Appendix B provides
job descriptions used by Bureau field economists to classify workers in
occupations for which straight-time earnings information is presented.




and material movement. In the 31 largest survey areas, tables A - la
through A-6a provide similar data for establishments employing 500
workers or more.

A. Earnings
Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Saginaw, Mich., November 1975
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)

O ccupation and in d u s try d iv is io n

Number
of
workeis

N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly ea rn in gs o f—
$

$
weekly
Hour1
(standard)

80
Mean

*

Median*

Middle range*

S

s

$

$

S

$

$

i

S

S

$

1

90

100

110

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

191/

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

36o

100

no

120

130

140

150

160

170

180

19Q

2Q0

22o

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

6
6

15
5
10

10
2
8

10
10

11
11

1
1
*

•

-

12
10
2

27
13
14

13
13
“

8
8
*

“

*

-

-

*

*

3
1
2

3
3

1
1
*

*

-

-

“

and
under
___ 9fi_

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5

$
1 9 8 .5 0
2 3 8 .0 0
1 6 6 .5 0

$
$
$
199.50 1 4 1 .5 0 -2 5 2 .0 0
2 5 6 .0 0 2 2 7 .5 0 -2 7 0 .5 0
150.00 1 3 4 .5 0 -1 6 7 .0 0

•

-

-

-

-

-

7
7

-

3
3
“

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING. CLASS B -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ------ --------------------

99
31
68

3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5

1 4 4.50
1 5 0 .5 0
1 4 1 .5 0

132.00
134.00
132.00

l l O . 0 0 -1 6 8 .0 0
1 1 4 .5 0 -1 6 8 .0 0
l l O * 0 0 -1 6 3 .5 0

6
6

8
6
2

2
2

20
3
17

9
4
5

14
6
8

7
1
6

6
1
5

3
3
-

1
1
*

1
1

5
1
4

10

“

*

*

CLERKS, OROER ---------------------------------------

24

4 0 .0

1 4 0 .5 0

120.00

1 1 2 .0 0 -1 5 5 .0 0

-

3

-

4

6

1

4

-

-

1

-

3

2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------- ------- ----------M ANUFACTURING------------ -— - — ---------

32
17

3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5

168 .0 0
188 .5 0
1 4 5 .5 0

156.00
196.50
1 4 3.00

1 4 3 .0 0 -2 0 8 .0 0
1 6 0 .5 0 -2 1 1 .0 0
1 3 0 .0 0 -1 4 9 .5 0

•

-

1
-

4
-

7
2

2
1

3
3

1
1

-

3
3

7
5

2
2

_
-

-

-

_
-

-

-

2
-

.
-

.
-

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------

48

164 .0 0

1 2 4.00

1 1 6 .0 0 -2 3 0 .5 0

-

-

2

18

6

1

3

-

3

-

-

1

-

2

5

7

-

-

-

-

-

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS 8 ------------

55

3 9 .5

1 8 8 .0 0

192.50

1 5 7 .0 0 -2 1 0 .0 0

-

-

-

1

5

5

5

7

1

1

6

13

6

5

-

-

-

-

-

-

SECRETARIES -----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING - — ---------------- — ------NONMANUFACTURING ----- -------------— -----

185
90
95

3 9 .0 2 1 6 .0 0 2 1 8 .5 0
3 9 .5 2 5 1 .0 0 2 6 9 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 8 2 .5 0 175.00

1 4 8 .0 0 -2 7 0 .0 0
1 9 8 .0 0 -2 8 9 .0 0
1 3 4 .5 0 -2 3 3 .5 0

-

_
-

8
1
7

15
6
9

16
1
15

9
9

1
1

5
1
4

4
3
1

8
6
2

11
9
2

14
2
12

17
3
14

22
8
14

16
14
2

17
16
1

9
9

-

2
2

4
4
*

2
2
*

5
5
3

SECRETARIES, CLASS A ----------------------

15

SECRETARIES. CLASS B ----------------------

27

SECRETARIES. CLASS C ---------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

102
52

o
o

123
55
68

o
o

ALL WORKERS
CLERKS. ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -----------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

C

*
10

1

2 6 0 .5 0

2 9 6 .5 0

1 7 2 .0 0 -3 2 4 .5 0

-

-

-

-

-

2

-

-

1

3

-

-

-

-

-

1

1

2

2

-

2 0 9 .5 0

160 .0 0

1 3 8 .5 0 -3 0 7 .0 0

-

-

-

1

3

7

1

1

2

1

-

-

1

-

1

-

1

2

2

2

2

3 9 .5 2 2 1 .0 0
3 9 .0 1 8 4 .0 0

2 5 1 .0 0
181.00

1 6 9 .0 0 -2 7 6 .0 0
1 2 9 .5 0 -2 5 1 .0 0

5
5

7
6

4
4

2
2

•

8
2

1
*

7
7

4
2

21
14

15
2

15
-

5
-

-

.

_

-

6
6

.

-

2
2

*

-

-

3 8 .5

196.00

1 4 8 .0 0 -2 3 3 .5 0

-

-

-

1

7

-

4

-

-

-

-

10

6

13

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3 9 .0

41

STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR ------------------------

94

1 7 9.00

170.50

1 2 2 .0 0 -2 2 7 .5 0

-

-

3

-

28

4

-

10

2

1

2

3

11

14

11

5

-

-

-

-

-

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS ------------------------

19

3 9 .5

1 9 8 .0 0

199.00

1 7 p .O 0 - 2 4 5 .50

-

-

-

1

-

3

-

-

-

4

-

2

2

1

6

-

-

-

-

-

-

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING------------ ■?------------------

40
18

3 9 .5
4 0 .0

1 3 0 .0 0
1 5 1 .0 0

111.00
129.50

1 0 6 .0 0 -1 4 2 .5 0
l l O . 0 0 -1 9 9 .5 0

-

5
-

7
1

1
-

2
-

5
3

1
1

1
-

.
-

•

-

2
2

2
2

1
1

•

.

-

-

.

T Y P IS T S ,

CLASS A ---------------------------------

25

3 9 .0

1 7 9 .0 0

176.50

1 2 0 .0 0 -2 4 4 .0 0

-

4

2

3

2

.

-

-

-

-

T Y P IS T S ,

CLASS B ---------------------------------

25

4 0 .0

1 5 1 .5 0

137.00

1 2 2 .0 0 -1 7 9 .0 0

*

-

6

3

4

-

-

-

-

-

See footn otes at end o f ta b le s .




o
o

CLASS D ----------------------

SECRETARIES,

1 9 1 .0 0

13
8

“

1

-

1

1

-

-

1

4

7

_

1

“

4

-

2

4

-

-

-

Weekly earnings
(standard)
Number
of
workers

Occupation and in d u s try d iv is io n

Median 2

■

DRAFTERS*

CLASS C — — — —

1 6 7 .0 0

1 3 7 .0 0 - 2 0 7 .t>0

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

2 6 5 .0 0
2 6 5 .0 0

2 8 4 .0 0
2 8 4 .0 0

1 9 s . 5 0 -3 0 7 .5 0
1 9 5 .5 0 -3 0 7 .5 0

4 0 .0

2 2 4 .0 0
2 2 4 .0 0

2 3 1 .0 0
2 3 1 .0 0

15 b . 5 0 -2 7 7 .0 0
l 5 p . 5 0 -2 7 7 .0 0

62
62

$

s

S

$

120

130

140

120

130

140

150

1

11

3

7

s

s

s

s

S

$

S

220

160

170

180

190

200

210

J 6 0 ,1 7 0

180

190

200

210

220 _ 2 3 0

2
2

9
9

6
6

_

1

150

s
230

S
240

$

s

250

260

S

5

S

s

270

280

300

320

340

280

3Q0.

320

340

360

1

1

and
under

$

2 0 3 .0 0

3 9 .0

25
25

—

Middle range2

$

$
51

5
no

Mean 2

*

N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t- tim e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—

S

Average
weekly
Ho u r *
(standard)

ALL WORKERS

ORAFTERS* CLASS 8

1

6
6

2

2

3
3

2

240 -2-g.P-

3

260 _ i l 2 _

1

1

2
2

3

i
i

1

8
1
1

See footn otes at end o f ta b le s .

Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex,
in Saginaw, Mich., November 1975
Average
(mean2 )

Average
(mean2 )

Sex, occu pation , and in d u stry d iv is io n

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS c lerks,

a c c o u n t in g ,

class

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -

Number
of

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

Weekly
(standard)

MEN
a

—

------------

24

4 0 .0

Sex, occu pation , and in d u stry d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

$
2 4 5 .5 0

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A ----------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ----------- -------------------------

99
39
60

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5

1 8 7 .0 0
2 2 7 .5 0
1 6 0 .5 0

CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B ----------------MANUFACTURING ----------------------------------------------

97
31
66

3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5

1 4 3 .0 0
150 .5 0

19

4 0 .0

1 2 3 .5 0

Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED
SECRETARIES ----------------------------------------------------------MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------------------

WOMEN

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

SECRETARIES,

CLASS A

------------------------------

SECRETARIES,

CLASS 0

------------------------------

SECRETARIES,

CLASS C

------------------------------

Average
(m ean2 )

Sex, occu pation , and in d u s try d iv is io n

------------------------------------------------------

185
90
95

CLASS D

------------------------------

S T t N U b R A H H LK S *

15
15

3 9 .5
3 9 .5

1 8 7 .0 0
1 4 5 .5 0

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------

48

4 0 .0

1 6 4 .0 0

KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------

55

3 9 .5

1 8 8 .0 0

S L N iU N

15

4 0 .0

2 6 0 .5 0

27

3 9 .0

2 0 9 .5 0

102

3 9 .5
3 9 .0

2 2 1 .0 0
1 8 4 .0 0

41

3 8 .5

1 9 1 .0 0

94

4 0 .0

179 .0 0

---------------------------------

19

3 9 .5

198 .0 0

SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSMANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

40
18
22

3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5

130 .0 0
151 .0 0
113 .0 0

SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS

N O T E : E a rn in g s data in ta b le A - 3 r e la te o n ly to w o r k e r s w h ose s e x id e n tific a tio n w as p ro v id e d b y the esta b lish m en t,
to a ll w o r k e r s in an occu p ation .
(S ee appendix A fo r p u b lica tion c r it e r ia . )




Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)

$

CLASS A

----------------------------------------------

25

3 9 .0

1 7 9 .0 0

T Y P IS T S ,

CLASS B

----------------------------------------------

25

4 0 .0

1 5 1 .5 0

33

3 9 .5

2 2 0 . 0C

----------------------------------------------

62

4 0 .0
4 0 .0

2 6 5 . 0C
2 6 5 .0 0

--------------------------------------------

25

4 0 .0

2 2 4 .0 0
2 2 4 .0 0

18

3 9 .0

1 7 2 .5 0

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN

DRAFTERS,
JU

MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING — -----------------------

Weekly
hours 1
(standard)

T Y P IS T S ,

COMPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS B

SECRETARIES,

of

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED
$
3 9 .0 2 1 6 .0 0
3 9 .5 2 5 1 .0 0
3 8 .5 1 8 2 .5 0

MANUFACTURING
CLERKS, ORDER

Number

CLASS C

------------------

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN
COMPUTER OPERATORS,

CLASS B

E a rn in gs data in ta b le s A - l

------------------

and A - 2 ,

on the o th e r hand,

r e la te

NOTE:
Data fo r m ain ten an ce
m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia .

and

p ow erp la n t w o r k e r s do not

Table A-5. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers in Saginaw, Mich., November 1975
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s o f—

tourly eanlings3

O ccupation and in d u stry d iv is io n
Mean2

Median2

S

i

I

s

$

s

$

S

$

s

$

$

s

5

i

S

$

$

I

%

s

1

s

2 .1 0

2 .2 0

2 .3 0

2 . A0

2 .5 0

2 .6 0

2 .8 o

3 .0 0

3 .2 0

3 . AO

3 .6 o

3 . 80

A . 00

A . 20

A . A0

A . 60

A . 80

5 .0 0

5 .2 0

5 .6 0

6 .0 0

6 . A0

6 .8 0

2 .3 0

2 . A0

2 .5 0

2 .6 0

2 .8 0

3 .0 0

3 .2 0

3 . AO

3 .6 0

3 .8 0

A , 00

A . 20

A .A 0

A . 60

A . 80

5 l.M . 5 .2 0

5 ,6 Q

6 .0 0

6 , A0

6 .8 0

7 .2 0

20
20

8
8

15
15

8
2

A
A

2
2

-

19
A

5

5
3

16
4

-

-

-

-

“

252
1

-

-

32
18

58

*

3

2

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

6

-

-

9

A

AO

80

1

2

-

-

-

12

3

-

2

A2

15

-

3
3

“

and
u nder

Middle range 2

2 .2 0

ALL WORKERS
JA N ITO R S , PORTERS, AND CLEANERS ----NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

958
95

$
5 .2 9
3 . AS

$
6 .0 A
2 .9 0

$
A .782 .5 0 -

$
6 .0 A
A .A l

1
1

A

5
5

A
A

LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING ------------

1

A

1

-

A

*

*

152

5 .6 6

6 .2 0

5 .7 2 -

6 .2 0

-------------------------------

78

5 .5 1

5 .8 7

5 .A 5 -

5 .8 7

RECEIVING CLERKS --------------------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------- ------------

27
21

A . 88
A . 88

A . 35
A .A 7

A .06A .0 6-

5 .3 r
5 .3 8

9
9

5
1

S H IP P IN G CLERKS -----------------------------------

15

5 .5 2

6 .5 8

A .11-

6 .6 3

6

-

1

-

TRUCKDRIVEKS ----------------------------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING ---------------------------

160
120

5 .7 8
6 .1 9

6 .0 7
6 .2 9

5 .0 0 “
6 .0 7 -

6 .3 6
6 .7 o

5

3

-

17

3

3

AO

A . 55

A . 75

A .00-

A

*

TRUCKORIVERS, MEDIUM <1 -1 / 2 TO
AND INCLUDING A T O N S ) -------------- —

A6

5 .5 7

6 .0 7

5 .0 A -

6 .0 7

-

TRUCKORIVERS, HEAVY (OVER A TONS,
TRAILER TYPE) ---------------------------------

67

6 .0 1

6 .2 1

A .85-

6 .7

WAREHOUSEMEN -----------------------------------------

72

A .A 7

A . 38

A .38-

A . So

PACKERS,

SH IP P IN G

See fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s .




. 89

.

-

*

•

•

-

-

.

*

*

*

3

“

-

3

-

6

*

6

-

2

3

3

2

A0

0

-

2

•

A

_

2

A

-

-

3

“

2

3

-

-

-

-

-

6

2

3

8

8

2

2
6

6

-

29
29

5
5

17

1
2

71
71

2

2

“

*

-

-

8

A

-

28

-

3

-

-

2

16

29

-

A

-

-

10

-

-

16

*

*

*

*

“

*

7

2

*

2

*

2

-

3

-

1




Sex, occu pation , and in du stry d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

hourly
earnings3

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
OCCUPATIONS - MEN
JAN ITO RS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS

-------

Sex, occupation, and indu stry d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

Average
(mean2 )
hourly
earnings3

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT
OCCUPATIONS - ME-J— CONTINUED
391

$
5 .5 0

TRUCKDRIVERS -

CONTINUED

TRUCKDRIVEPS. MEDIUM (1 - 1 / 2 TO
46

5 .6 8
6 .0 0
TRUCKDRIVERS* HEAVY

$

(OVER A TONS*
67

4 *0 0
7€
SH IPPIN G CLERKS

--------------------------- ----- ---------

15

5 .5 2
CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT

MANUFACTURING ---------------------------------

120

6 .1 9
JAN ITO RS.

PORTERS.

AND CLEANtRS -----

See fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s .

E a rn in g s data in ta b le A - 6 r e la t e on ly to w o rk e rs w h ose sex
id e n tific a tio n w as p ro v id e d by the esta b lis h m e n t. E arn in gs data in
ta b les A - 4 and A - 5 , on the o th e r hand, r e la te to a ll w o rk e rs in an
occu pation .
(S ee appendix A fo r p u b lication c r it e r ia .)

A . 08

Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for
selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment
shifts, in Saginaw, Mich., November 1975
N o v e m b e r 1974
to
N o v e m b e r 1975

Industry and occu p ation al
grou p

A l l in d u stries:
O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w o m e n )-------------------------E le c tr o n ic clata p r o c e s s in g (m en and w o m e n )-----In d u stria l n u rses (m en and w o m e n )----- ---------------S k illed m aintenance tra d e s (m e n )------------------------U n sk illed plant w o r k e r s (m e n )-— -------------------------

*

7.9
*
10.1

Data do not m e e t p u blication c r it e r ia .

N O T E : The p ercen t in c r e a s e s p re s e n te d in th is ta b le a re b a sed on changes in a v e ra g e
h ou rly ea rn in gs fo r esta b lish m en ts re p o rtin g the tre n d jo b s in both the c u rre n t and p re v io u s
y e a r (m atch ed es ta b lis h m e n ts ).
T h e y a re not a ffe c te d b y changes in a v e ra g e ea rn in gs
resu ltin g fr o m em p loym en t sh ifts am ong e sta b lish m en ts o r tu rn o v e r o f esta b lish m en ts
in clu de^ in su rvey s a m p les.
Th e p e rc e n t in c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r , a re s t ill a ffe c te d by fa c to r s
oth er than w age in c r e a s e s .
H ir in g s , la y o ffs , and tu r n o v e r m ay a ffe c t an esta b lish m en t
a v e ra g e fo r an occupation when w o r k e r s a re paid under plans p ro v id in g a ran ge o f w age ra tes
f o r in d ivid u al jo b s. In p e rio d s o f in c r e a s e d h ir in g , fo r e x a m p le , new e m p lo y e e s e n te r at the
bottom o f the ran ge, d e p re s s in g the a v e r a g e without a change in w age ra te s .
T h e s e wage tre n d s a re not lin k ed to the w a ge in d exes p r e v io u s ly published fo r th is
a re a because the w a ge in d ex es m e a s u re d changes in a re a a v e r a g e s , w h e re a s th ese w age
tren d s m ea su re changes in m atch ed e sta b lish m en t a v e r a g e s .
O th er c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o f th ese
w age tren d s which d if f e r fr o m the d iscon tin u ed in d e x e s in clu d e (1) e a rn in g s data o f o ffic e
c le r ic a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tria l n u rses a r e c o n v e rte d to an h o u rly b a s is , (2 ) tren d e s tim a te s
a re p ro vid ed f o r nonm anufacturing e s ta b lis h m e n ts , w h e re p o s s ib le , and (3 ) tren d e s tim a te s
a re p ro vid ed fo r e le c tr o n ic data p r o c e s s in g jo b s .
F o r a m o re d e ta ile d d e s c rip tio n o f the m ethod used to com pute th e s e w age tre n d s , see
"Im p ro v in g A r e a W a ge S u rvey In d e x e s ," M onthly L a b o r R e v ie w . January 1973, pp. 52-5-7.

Footnotes1
3
2
1 Standard h ou rs r e fle c t
to th ese w e e k ly h ou rs.
2 T h e m ean is com pu ted
and h a lf r e c e iv e le s s than the
3 E xclu d es p re m iu m pay




the w o rk w e e k fo r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s

(e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r tim e at re g u la r and/or p re m iu m

r a te s ), and the ea rn in gs co rresp o n d

f o r ea ch jo b by to ta lin g the earn in gs o f all w o r k e r s and d iv id in g by the nu m ber o f w o r k e r s .
T h e m ed ian d esign a tes p o sitio n — h a lf o f the e m p lo y e e s s u rvey ed r e c e iv e m o re
ra te shown.
T h e m id d le range is d efin ed b y 2 ra tes o f p ay; a fou rth o f the w o r k e r s ea rn le s s than the lo w e r o f th ese ra te s and a fou rth ea rn m o re than the h igh er rate.
f o r o v e r tim e and fo r w o rk on w eeken ds, h o lid a y s , and* la te sh ifts.

Appendix A
A r e a w age and re la te d b e n e fits data a re obtained by p e rs o n a l v is it s o f B u rea u f ie ld r e p r e s e n t­
a tiv e s at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a ls . 1 In ea ch Of the in te rv e n in g y e a r s , in fo rm a tio n on em p lo ym en t and
occu pation al ea rn in gs is c o lle c te d by a com b in ation o f p e rs o n a l v is it ; m a il q u e s tio n n a ire , and telep h on e
in te r v ie w fr o m esta b lis h m e n ts p a rtic ip a tin g in the p re v io u s s u rv e y .
In each o f the 8 3 2 a re a s c u r r e n tly s u rv e y e d , data a re obtained fr o m r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s ta b ­
lish m en ts w ithin s ix b ro a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M an u factu rin g; tra n s p o rta tio n , com m u n ica tio n , and oth er
pu blic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il t r a d e ; fin a n c e , In s u ra n c e , and r e a l es ta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r
in d u stry groups exclu d ed fr o m th ese stu dies a re g o vern m en t op era tio n s and the co n stru ctio n and
e x tr a c tiv e in d u s trie s . E sta b lish m en ts h avin g fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m ber o f w o r k e r s a re o m itte d
becau se o f in s u ffic ie n t enhploym ent in the occu pation s studied.
S ep a ra te tab u lation s a re p r o v id e d fo r
each o f the b ro a d in d u stry d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lication c r it e r ia .

A v e r a g e ea rn in gs r e fle c t c o m p o s ite , a re a w id e e s tim a te s . In d u s trie s and e s ta b lis h m e n ts d iffe r
in pay l e v e l and jo b s ta ffin g , and thus co n trib u te d iffe r e n t ly to th e e s tim a te s f o r e a ch jo b .
Pay
a v e ra g e s m a y fa il to r e fle c t a c c u ra te ly the w a ge d iffe r e n t ia l am ong jo b s in in d ivid u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
A v e r a g e pay le v e ls fo r m en and w om en in s e le c te d o ccu p ation s should not be a ssu m ed to
r e fle c t d iffe r e n c e s in pay o f the s e x e s w ithin in d iv id u a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts . F a c to r s w h ich m a y co n trib u te
to d iffe r e n c e s inclu de p r o g r e s s io n w ithin e s ta b lis h e d r a te ra n g e s , s in ce o n ly the ra te s p a id in cu m ben ts
a re c o lle c te d , and p e rfo rm a n c e o f s p e c ific d u ties w ith in the g e n e r a l s u r v e y jo b d e s c r ip tio n s .
Job
d e s c rip tio n s used to c la s s ify e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u r v e y s u su a lly a r e m o r e g e n e r a liz e d than th o se used
in in d ivid u a l esta b lish m en ts and a llo w fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts in s p e c ific
du ties p e rfo rm e d .
O ccu pation al em p loym en t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the scop e
o f the study and not the nu m ber actu a lly s u rvey ed . B e c a u s e occu p a tio n a l s tru c tu re s am ong e s ta b lis h ­
m en ts d iffe r , e s tim a te s o f occu pation al em p lo ym en t ob tain ed fr o m the s a m p le o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts stu died
s e r v e only to in d icate the r e la tiv e im p o rta n c e o f th e jo b s studied. T h e s e d iffe r e n c e s in occu p a tio n a l
stru ctu re do not a ffe c t m a t e r ia lly the a ccu ra cy o f the ea rn in g s data.

T h e s e s u rv e y s a r e conducted on a sa m p le b a s is .
T h e sam p lin g p ro c e d u re s in v o lv e d e ta ile d
s tra tific a tio n o f a ll esta b lis h m e n ts w ith in the scope o f an in d ivid u a l a r e a s u rv e y b y in d u stry and n u m ber
o f em p lo y e e s . F r o m th is s tr a tifie d u n iv e rs e a p ro b a b ility sa m p le is s e le c te d , w ith ea ch e s ta b lish m en t
having a p re d e te rm in e d chance o f s e le c tio n . T o obtain optim u m a ccu ra cy at m in im u m c o s t, a g r e a t e r
p ro p o rtio n o f la r g e than s m a ll esta b lis h m e n ts is s e le c te d . When data a re com b in ed , ea ch e s ta b lish m en t
is w eigh ted a c c o rd in g to its p r o b a b ility o f s e le c tio n , so that unbiased e s tim a te s a r e g e n e ra te d .
For
ex a m p le , i f one out o f fo u r e sta b lish m en ts i s s e le c te d , it is g iv e n a w eigh t o f fo u r to r e p re s e n t i t s e l f
plus th re e o th e rs . An a lte rn a te o f the sam e o r ig in a l p r o b a b ility is chosen in the sam e in d u s tr y - s iz e
c la s s ific a tio n i f data a re not a v a ila b le f o r the o r ig in a l sam p le m e m b e r.
I f no su itab le substitute is
a v a ila b le , a ddition al w eigh t is assign ed to a sam p le m e m b e r that is s im ila r to the m is s in g unit.

The
Annual ra te s
span b etw een
in c r e a s e d at

O ccupations and E a rn in gs

O ccu pation s u sed to com pute w age tren d s a re:

O ccupations s e le c te d fo r study a re com m on to a v a r ie t y o f m an u factu rin g and nonm anufacturing
in d u s trie s , and a re o f the fo llo w in g ty p e s :
(1 ) O ffic e c le r ic a l; (2 ) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3 )
m aintenance and p ow erp la n t; and (4 ) cu sto d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t. O ccu p a tion a l c la s s ific a tio n is
b a sed on a u n ifo rm set o f jo b d e s c rip tio n s d esig n ed to take account o f in te re s ta b lis h m e n t v a r ia tio n
in duties within the sam e jo b . O ccu pations s e le c te d fo r study a r e lis te d and d e s c r ib e d in appendix B .
U n less o th e rw is e in d ica ted , the e a rn in g s data fo llo w in g the jo b t it le s a re fo r a ll in d u s trie s com bin ed.
E a rn in gs data fo r som e o f the occu pation s lis te d and d e s c rib e d , o r fo r som e in d u stry d iv is io n s w ithin
occu pations, a re not p re s e n te d in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s , becau se e it h e r (1 ) em p lo y m en t in the occupation
is too sm a ll to p ro v id e enough d a ta to m e r it p re s e n ta tio n , o r (2 ) th e r e is p o s s ib ility o f d is c lo s u r e o f
in d ivid u al e sta b lish m en t data. S ep a ra te m e n 's and w o m e n 's e a rn in g s data a re not p re s e n te d when the
nu m ber of w o r k e r s not id e n tifie d by sex is 20 p e rc e n t o r m o r e o f the m en o r w om en id e n tifie d in an
occupation.
E a rn in gs data not shown s e p a r a te ly fo r in d u stry d iv is io n s a re in clu d ed in a ll in d u s trie s
com bin ed data, w h e re shown.
L ik e w is e , data a re in clu ded in the o v e r a ll c la s s ific a tio n when a subc la s s ific a tio n o f e le c tr o n ic s tech n ic ia n s , s e c r e t a r ie s , o r t r u c k d r iv e r s is not shown o r in fo rm a tio n to
s u b cla ssify is not a v a ila b le .
O ccu pational em p loym en t and e a rn in g s data a re shown fo r fu ll- t im e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o se h ir e d
to w o rk a re g u la r w e e k ly sch edu le. E a rn in g s data ex clu d e p re m iu m pay f o r o v e r tim e and fo r w o rk on
w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts. N on produ ction bonuses a re ex clu d ed , but c o s t - o f- liv in g a llo w a n ces
and in cen tive bonuses a r e in clu ded. W e e k ly hou rs fo r o ffic e c l e r i c a l and p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l
occupations r e f e r to the standard w o rk w e e k (rou n ded to the n e a re s t h a lf h ou r) fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s
r e c e iv e re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r and/or p re m iu m r a te s ).
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th ese occu pation s a re rounded to the n e a re s t h a lf d o lla r .

W a ge tre n d s f o r s e le c te d occu pation al grou p s
p ercen ts o f change in ta b le A - 7 r e la te to w a ge ch an ges b etw een the in d ic a te d dates.
o f in c r e a s e , w h ere shown, r e fle c t th e amount o f in c r e a s e f o r 12 m onths when the tim e
su rvey s w as oth er than 12 m onths. Annual r a te s a re b a s e d on the assu m ption that w a g e s
a constant ra te b etw een s u rvey s.

O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w o m e n ):
B ook k eep in g-m a ch in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s B
C le r k s , accounting, c la s s e s A and B
C le r k s , f i l e , c la s s e s A , B , and C
C le r k s , o r d e r
C le r k s , p a y r o ll
Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s e s A and B
M e s s e n g e rs
S e c r e ta r ie s
S ten o gra p h ers, g e n e ra l
S ten o gra p h ers, s en io r
S w itch board o p e ra to rs
T a b u la tin g-m a ch in e o p e r a to r s ,
c la s s B
T y p is ts , c la s s e s A and B
E le c tr o n ic data p ro c e s s in g
(m en and w o m e n ):
C om p u ter o p e r a to r s , c la s s e s A , B , and C
C om p u ter p r o g r a m m e r s , c la s s e s A , B ,
and C

E le c tr o n ic data p r o c e s s in g (m en
and w om en )— C ontinued
C o m p u te r s y s te m s a n a ly s ts , c la s s e s A ,
B , and C
In d u s tria l n u rs e s (m en and w o m e n ):
N u r s e s , in d u s tr ia l (r e g is t e r e d )
S k ille d m a in ten a n ce (m e n ):
C a rp e n te rs
E le c t ric ia n s
M a ch in i sts
M ec h a n ic s
M e c h a n ic s (a u to m o tiv e )
P a in te r s
P ip e fit t e r s
T o o l and die m a k e r s
U n s k ille d p lan t (m e n ):
J a n ito r s , p o r t e r s , and c le a n e r s
L a b o r e r s , m a t e r ia l handling

P e r c e n t ch an ges fo r in d ivid u a l a re a s in the p r o g r a m a r e com p u ted as fo llo w s :

T h e s e s u rv e y s m e a s u re the l e v e l o f o ccu p ation al e a rn in g s in an a r e a at a p a r tic u la r tim e .
C om p a rison s o f in d iv id u a l occu p ation al a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y not r e f le c t e x p e c te d w a ge ch an ges.
T h e a v e ra g e s fo r in d iv id u a l jo b s a re a ffe c te d by changes in w a g e s and e m p lo y m e n t p a ttern s.
For
ex a m p le , p ro p o rtio n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e fir m s m a y ch an ge, o r h ig h -w a g e
w o r k e r s m ay advance to b e t t e r jo b s and be re p la c e d by new w o r k e r s at lo w e r r a te s .
Such s h ifts in
em ploym en t cou ld d e c r e a s e an occu p a tion a l a v e r a g e e ven though m o st esta b lis h m e n ts in an a re a
in c re a s e w a g es during the y e a r .
T r e n d s in e a rn in g s o f occu p a tion a l grou p q , shown in ta b le A - 7 ,
a re b e tte r in d ic a to rs o f w a g e tre n d s than in d iv id u a l jo b s w ith in the grou p s.

1. Each occupation is a ssign ed a w eig h t b a s e d on its p r o p o r tio n a te e m p lo y m e n t in th e s e le c te d
grou p o f occupations in the b ase y e a r .
2. T h e s e w e ig h ts a re used to com pute g ro u p a v e r a g e s .
E a c h o ccu p a tio n 's a v e r a g e (m e a n )
e a rn in g s is m u ltip lie d b y its w eigh t. T h e p rod u cts a r e to ta le d to obtain a gro u p a v e r a g e .
3. T h e r a tio o f grou p a v e ra g e s fo r 2 c o n s e c u tiv e y e a r s is com p u ted by d iv id in g the a v e r a g e
f o r the c u rre n t y e a r by the a v e ra g e fo r the e a r l i e r y e a r . T h e re s u lts — e x p r e s s e d as a p e rc e n t— l e s s 100
is the p e rc e n t change.

1 Penonal vUlti were on a 2-year cycle Before July 1972.
2 Included in the 83 areas are 13 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract.
These areas are Akron, Ohio; Austin, T ex .; Binghamton,
N -Y . —P a .; Birmingham, A la .; Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood and West Palm Beach—Boca Raton, F la .; Lexington—Fayette, K y .; Melbourne—TitusvilleCocoa, Fla.; Norfolk—Virginia Beach--Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va. —N. C . ; Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N. Y . ; Raleigh—
Durham, N .C .; Syracuse, N .Y . ; Utica—Rome, N .Y .; and Westchester County, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in
approximately 70 areas at the request of the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department of Labor.

T a b u lation s on s e le c te d e sta b lish m en t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a ge p r o v is io n s (B - s e r ie s
t a b le s ) a re not p r e s e n te d in th is b u lletin .
In fo rm a tio n fo r th e s e tab u lation s is c o lle c t e d at 3 - y e a r
in te r v a ls . 1 T h e s e tabu lation s on m in im u m e n tra n c e s a la r ie s fo r in e x p e r ie n c e d o ffic e w o r k e r s ; shift
d iffe r e n tia ls ; scheduled w e e k ly h ou rs and days; p a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a tio n s ; and h ea lth , in s u ra n c e , and
pen sion plans are p re s e n te d (in the B - s e r ie s t a b le s ) in p r e v io u s b u lle tin s f o r th is a rea .

E s ta b lis h m e n t p ra c tic e s and su p p lem en tary w a g e p r o v is io n s




Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied
in Saginaw, Mich., November 1975
In d u stry d iv is io n 2

A l l d iv is io n s

M inim um
em p loym en t
in e s ta b lis h m ents in scope
o f study

_________________________________

M a n u fa c tu r in g ______ ______________________________
N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g _________________________________
T r a n s p o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and
o th e r pu b lic u tilitie s 5 _________________ _____ _
W h o le s a le t r a d e 6 _______________________________
R e t a il tra d e 6____________________________________
F in a n c e , in su ra n ce, and r e a l e s ta te 6 ______
S e r v i c e s 6 7 _____________ _______________________

N u m b er o f esta b lish m en ts

W o r k e r s in esta b lish m en ts
W ith in scop e o f s tu d y 4

W ith in scop e
o f study *

Studied

Studied
N u m b er

P ercen t

124

61

38, 527

100

32. 433

50
-

47
77

21
40

27,717
10,810

72
28

25, 010
7, 423

50
50
50
50
50

5
8
41
11
12

4
5
20
5
6

2,496
795
4, 983
1, 558
978

6
2
13
4
3

2, 126
621
3, 225
991
460

1 Th e S aginaw Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d by the O ffic e o f M an agem en t and Budget th rou gh F e b r u a r y 1974, co n s is ts
o f S aginaw County.
The " w o r k e r s w ithin scope o f stu d y" e s tim a te s shown in th is ta b le p r o v id e a re a s o n a b ly a cc u ra te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and
c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r fo r c e included in the s u rvey .
E s tim a te s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r, f o r c o m p a ris o n w ith o th e r em p lo y m en t in d ex es to
m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tren d s or le v e ls sin ce (1 ) planning of w age s u rv e y s re q u ir e s e sta b lish m en t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d van ce of the p a y ­
r o l l p e r io d studied, and (2) s m a ll esta b lish m en ts a r e exclu d ed f r o m the scope o f the s u rvey .
2 T h e 1967 ed ition o f the Standard In d u stria l C la s s ific a tio n M an u al w a s used in c la s s ify in g e sta b lish m en ts by in d u stry d iv is io n .
3 In clu d es a ll esta b lish m en ts w ith tota l em p lo ym en t at o r a b o ve the m in im u m lim ita tio n .
A l l ou tlets (w ith in the a r e a ) o f co m p an ies in in du s­
t r ie s such as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p ic tu re th e a te rs a r e c o n s id e re d as 1 esta b lish m en t.
4 In clu d es a ll w o r k e r s in a ll estab lish m en ts w ith to ta l em p lo y m en t (w ith in the a r e a ) at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n .
5 A b b r e v ia te d to "p u b lic u t ilit ie s " in the A - s e r i e s ta b les.
T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w a te r tra n s p o rta tio n w e r e excluded.
6 T h is d iv is io n is r e p re s e n te d in es tim a te s fo r " a l l in d u s tr ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the A - s e r i e s ta b les.
S ep a ra te p re s e n ta tio n of
data is not m ade f o r one o r m o re o f the fo llo w in g rea so n s:
(1) E m p lo ym en t is too s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it sep a ra te study, (2 ) the
s a m p le w as not d esig n ed in it ia lly to p e r m it s ep a ra te p re s e n ta tio n , (3 ) resp o n se w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequate to p e r m it s e p a ra te p re s e n ta tio n , and
(4 ) t h e r e is p o s s ib ility o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d ivid u al e s ta b lish m en t data.
7 H o te ls and m o te ls ; lau n d ries and oth er p e rs o n a l s e r v ic e s ; bu sin ess s e r v ic e s ; au to m o b ile r e p a ir , ren ta l, and p a rk in g; m otion p ic tu re s ;
n o n p ro fit m e m b e rs h ip o rg a n iza tio n s (ex clu d in g r e lig io u s and c h a rita b le o r g a n iz a tio n s ); and en g in e e rin g and a rc h ite c tu r a l s e r v ic e s .




Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions

T h e p r im a r y pu rpose o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c rip tio n s fo r the B u re a u 's w a ge su rv e y s is to a s s is t its f ie ld s ta ff in c la s s ify in g in to a p p ro p ria te
occu pation s w o r k e r s who a r e e m p lo y e d under a v a r ie t y o f p a y r o ll t it le s and d iffe r e n t w o rk a rra n g em en ts fr o m e s ta b lis h m e n t to e s ta b lis h m e n t and
fr o m a r e a to a re a .
T h is p e r m its the grou p in g o f occu p a tio n a l w a ge ra te s r e p re s e n tin g c o m p a ra b le jo b content.
B e c a u s e o f th is em p h a s is on
in te re s ta b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f occu p a tio n a l con ten t, the B u re a u 's jo b d e s c rip tio n s m ay d iffe r s ig n ific a n tly f r o m th o se in use in
in d ivid u a l esta b lis h m e n ts o r th o se p r e p a r e d f o r o th e r p u rp o s e s .
In a pplyin g th e s e jo b d e s c rip tio n s , the B u re a u 's f ie ld e c o n o m is ts a r e in s tru c te d
to ex clu d e w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s ; a p p re n tic e s ; le a r n e r s ; b e g in n e rs ; tr a in e e s ; and handicapped, p a r t - t im e , t e m p o r a r y , and p ro b a tio n a r y w o r k e r s .

OFFICE
B I L L E R , M A C H IN E

C L E R K S , A C C O U N T IN G

P r e p a r e s sta te m e n ts , b ills , and in v o ic e s on.a m ach in e o th e r than an o r d in a r y o r e le c tr o m a tic
t y p e w r ite r . M a y a lso k eep r e c o r d s as to b illin g s o r shipping c h a rg e s o r p e r fo r m o th er c le r ic a l w o rk
in cid en ta l to b illin g o p e ra tio n s . F o r w a ge study p u rp o s e s , b i l l e r s , m a ch in e, a re c la s s ifie d by typ e o f
m ach in e, as fo llo w s :

P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e accounting c l e r i c a l ta sk s such as p o stin g to r e g is t e r s and le d g e r s ;
r e c o n c ilin g bank accounts; v e r ify in g the in te rn a l c o n s is te n c y , c o m p le te n e s s , and m a th e m a tic a l a c c u ra c y
o f accounting docum ents; a ssign in g p r e s c r ib e d accou n tin g d is trib u tio n c o d e s ; ex a m in in g and v e r ify in g
fo r c le r ic a l a ccu ra cy v a rio u s typ es o f r e p o r ts , l i s t s , c a lc u la tio n s , p o s tin g , e t c .; o r p re p a r in g s im p le o r
a s s is tin g in p re p a rin g m o re c o m p lic a te d jo u rn a l v o u c h e rs . M a y w o rk in e it h e r a m anual o r autom ated
accounting system .

B i l l e r , m ach in e (b illin g m a ch in e).
U ses a s p e c ia l b illin g m a ch in e (com b in a tio n typ in g and
adding m ach in e) to p r e p a r e b ills and in v o ic e s fr o m c u s to m e r s ' p u rch ase o r d e r s , in te r n a lly p re p a re d
o r d e r s , shipping m em o ra n d u m s, e tc.
U su a lly in v o lv e s ap p lica tio n o f p re d e te r m in e d discou nts and
shipping c h a rg e s and e n try o f n e c e s s a r y e x te n s io n s , w h ich m a y o r m ay not be com p u ted on the b illin g
m ach in e, and to ta ls w h ich a re a u to m a tic a lly accu m u lated by m ach in e. T h e o p era tio n u su ally in v o lv e s a
la r g e nu m ber o f ca rb on c o p ie s o f the b ill b ein g p re p a re d and is often done on a fa n fo ld m ach in e.
B i l l e r f m ach in e (b ook k eep in g m a c h in e ). U ses a b ook k eep in g m ach in e (w ith o r w ithout a
ty p e w r ite r k e y b o a rd ) to p r e p a r e c u s to m e r s ' b ills as p a rt o f the accounts r e c e iv a b le o p era tio n .
G e n e ra lly in v o lv e s the sim u ltan eou s en try o f fig u r e s on c u s to m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d .
T h e m ach in e
a u to m a tica lly accu m u lates fig u r e s on a n u m b er o f v e r t ic a l colu m n s and com p u tes and u su ally p rin ts
a u to m a tica lly the debit o r c r e d it b a la n ces. D oes not in v o lv e a k n o w led ge o f b o ok k eep in g. W o rk s fr o m
u n ifo rm and standard ty p e s o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s .

T h e w o rk r e q u ir e s a k n ow led ge o f c l e r i c a l m eth od s and o ffic e p r a c t ic e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ich
r e la te s to the c le r ic a l p r o c e s s in g and r e c o r d in g o f tra n s a c tio n s and accou n tin g in fo rm a tio n .
W ith
e x p e r ie n c e , the w o r k e r ty p ic a lly b e c o m e s f a m ilia r w ith the b oo k k eep in g and accou n tin g t e r m s and
p ro c e d u re s used in the a ssign ed w o rk , but is not r e q u ir e d to h ave a k n o w le d g e o f the fo r m a l p r in c ip le s
o f book k eep in g and accounting.
P o s itio n s a re c la s s ifie d into l e v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s .
C la s s A . U n der g e n e r a l s u p e rv is io n , p e r fo r m s accou n tin g c l e r i c a l o p e ra tio n s w h ich re q u ir e
the a p p lica tion o f e x p e rie n c e and ju d gm en t, f o r e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s in g c o m p lic a te d o r
n o n re p e titiv e accounting tra n s a c tio n s , s e le c tin g am ong a su b sta n tia l v a r ie t y o f p r e s c r ib e d accounting
co d es and c la s s ific a tio n s , o r tra c in g tra n s a c tio n s though p r e v io u s accou n tin g action s to d e te rm in e
s o u rce o f d is c r e p a n c ie s . M a y be a s s is te d b y one o r m o r e c la s s B a ccou n tin g c le r k s .

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R

O p era tes a b ook k eep in g m ach in e (w ith o r w ithout a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a rd ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f
bu sin ess tra n s a c tio n s .
C la s s A . K eep s a set o f r e c o r d s re q u irin g a k n ow led ge o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b a s ic book k eep in g
p rin c ip le s , and fa m ilia r it y w ith the s tru c tu re o f the p a rtic u la r accounting s y s te m used.
D e te rm in e s
p ro p e r re c o r d s and d is trib u tio n o f debit and c r e d it ite m s to be used in each phase o f the w o rk . M a y
p re p a r e con s o lid a te d r e p o r t s , b alan ce s h e e ts , and o th er r e c o r d s b y hand.

C la s s B . K e e p s a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p hases o r s e c tio n s o f a set o f r e c o r d s u su ally
re q u irin g lit t le k n ow led ge o f b a s ic book k eep in g. P h a s e s o r s e c tio n s in clu d e accounts p a y a b le, p a y r o ll,
c u s to m e r s ' accounts (not in clu din g a s im p le typ e of b illin g d e s c r ib e d under b i l l e r , m a c h in e ), co s t
d istrib u tio n , exp en se d is trib u tio n , in v e n to ry c o n tr o l, e tc . M a y ch eck o r a s s is t in p re p a ra tio n o f t r i a l
b a la n ces and p re p a r e c o n tr o l sh eets f o r the accounting d ep a rtm en t.




C la s s B . U n der c lo s e s u p e rv is io n , fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tru c tio n s and s ta n d a rd iz e d p r o c e d u r e s ,
p e r fo r m s one o r m o r e rou tine accounting c l e r i c a l o p e r a tio n s , such as p o stin g to le d g e r s , c a r d s , o r
w o rk s h e e ts w h ere id e n tific a tio n o f ite m s and lo c a tio n s o f p o s tin g s a r e c le a r ly in d ic a te d ; ch eck in g
a c c u ra c y and c o m p leten ess o f s ta n d a rd ized and r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s o r accou n tin g docu m en ts; and codin g
docum ents using a fe w p r e s c r ib e d accounting c o d e s .
C L E R K , F IL E
F ile s , c la s s ifie s , and r e t r ie v e s m a t e r ia l in an e s ta b lis h e d filin g s y s te m .
M a y p e r fo r m
c le r ic a l and manual ta sk s r e q u ir e d to m ain tain f i l e s . P o s itio n s a r e c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is
o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s.
C la s s A . C la s s ifie s and
docu m en ts, e tc ., in an e s ta b lis h e d
M a y a ls o f i l e th is m a te r ia l.
M ay
le a d a s m a ll grou p o f lo w e r l e v e l

in d ex es f i l e m a t e r ia l such as c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , r e p o r t s , te c h n ic a l
filin g s y s te m co n ta in in g a n u m b er o f v a r ie d su b ject m a tte r f ile s .
k eep r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s ty p e s in con ju n ction w ith the file s .
M ay
file c le r k s .

S E C R E T A R Y — C ontinued
Class__B.
S o r ts , c o d e s , and file s u n c la s s ifie d m a te r ia l by sim p le (su b ject m a t t e r ) headings
o r p a r tly c la s s ifie d m a t e r ia l b y fin e r subheadings. P r e p a r e s sim p le re la te d in d ex and c r o s s - r e fe r e n c e
aid s. A s re q u e s te d , lo c a te s c le a r ly id e n tifie d m a te r ia l in file s and fo r w a rd s m a te r ia l. M a y p e r fo r m
re la te d c le r ic a l ta sk s r e q u ir e d to m ain tain and s e r v ic e file s .
C la s s iC .
P e r f o r m s rou tin e filin g o f m a te r ia l that has a lre a d y been c la s s ifie d o r w hich is
e a s ily c la s s ifie d in a s im p le s e r ia l c la s s ific a tio n s y s te m (e .g ., alp h a b etica l, c h r o n o lo g ic a l, o r
n u m e r ic a l). A s re q u e s te d , lo c a te s r e a d ily a v a ila b le m a te r ia l in file s and fo r w a r d s m a te r ia l; and m ay
f i l l out w ith d ra w a l c h a rg e . M a y p e r fo r m sim p le c le r ic a l and manual tasks re q u ire d to m ain tain and
s e r v ic e file s .
C L E R K , ORDER

•Exclusions
Not a ll p o sitio n s that a re title d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the above c h a r a c te r is tic s .
p o s itio n s w h ich a re exclu d ed fr o m the d e fin itio n a re as fo llo w s :
a.

P o s itio n s w h ich do not m e e t the "p e r s o n a l" s e c r e t a r y concept d e s c rib e d above;

b.

S te n o g ra p h e rs not fu lly tr a in e d in s e c r e t a r ia l typ e duties;

c.
S ten o g ra p h ers
m a n a g e r ia l p e rs o n s ;

s e rv in g

as

o ffic e

assista n ts

to

a grou p

o f p r o fe s s io n a l, te c h n ic a l,

d. S e c r e ta r y p o s itio n s in w h ich the du ties a re e ith e r su b sta n tia lly m o re
sta n tia lly m o r e co m p le x and re s p o n s ib le them th o se c h a r a c te r iz e d in the d efin ition ;

R e c e iv e s c u s to m e rs * o r d e r s fo r m a te r ia l o r m erch a n d ise by m a il, phone, o r p e rs o n a lly .
D uties in v o lv e any com b in a tion o f the fo llo w in g : Quoting p ric e s to c u s to m e rs ; m aking out an o r d e r
sh eet lis tin g the ite m s to m ak e up the o r d e r ; ch eckin g p r ic e s and quantities o f ite m s on o r d e r sheet;
and d istrib u tin g o r d e r sh eets to r e s p e c tiv e departm en ts to be fille d . M ay ch eck w ith c r e d it dep artm en t
to d e te rm in e c r e d it ra tin g o f c u s to m e r , acknow ledge re c e ip t o f o rd e rs fr o m c u s to m e rs , fo llo w up
o r d e r s to see that th ey have been fille d , k eep file o f o rd e r s r e c e iv e d , and check shipping in v o ic e s
w ith o r ig in a l o r d e r s .
CLERK, PA YR O LL
C om pu tes w a g e s o f com p an y e m p lo y e e s and en te rs the n e c e s s a ry data on the p a y r o ll sh eets.
D uties in v o lv e :
C a lc u la tin g w o r k e r s * ea rn in gs based on tim e o r production r e c o r d s ; and postin g
c a lc u la te d data on p a y r o ll sh e e t, show ing in fo rm a tio n such as w o r k e r ’ s n am e, w d rk in g days, tim e ,
ra te , dedu ctions f o r in s u ra n c e , and to ta l w a ges due. M ay m ake out p aychecks and a s s is t p a y m a s te r
in m akin g up and d is trib u tin g p ay e n v e lo p e s .
M ay use a calcu latin g m achine.
KEYPUNCH OPERATO R
O p era tes a keypunch m ach in e to r e c o r d o r v e r if y
c a rd s o r on tap e.

alphabetic and/or n u m e ric data on tabulating

P o s itio n s a re c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d efin itio n s.
C la s s A .
W o rk re q u ir e s the a p p lication o f e x p e rie n c e and judgm ent in s e le c tin g p ro c e d u re s
to be fo llo w e d and in s e a rc h in g f o r , in te r p r e tin g , s e le c tin g , o’r coding ite m s to be keypunched fr o m a
v a r ie t y o f s o u rc e docu m en ts. On o c c a s io n m ay a lso p e r fo r m som e routine keypunch w o rk . M a y tra in
in e x p e r ie n c e d keypunch o p e r a to r s .
C la s s B . W o rk is rou tin e and r e p e titiv e ;
U n der c lo s e s u p ervisio n o r fo llo w in g s p e c ific
p ro c e d u re s o r in s tru c tio n s , w o rk s f r o m v a rio u s sta n d a rd ized sou rce docum ents w hich have been coded,
and fo llo w s s p e c ifie d p r o c e d u re s w h ich have been p r e s c r ib e d in d e ta il and re q u ire lit t le o r no s e le c tin g ,
co d in g , o r in te r p r e tin g o f data to be r e c o r d e d . R e fe r s to s u p e rv is o r p ro b le m s a ris in g fr o m e rro n e o u s
ite m s o r co d es o r m is s in g in fo rm a tio n .
M ESSENGER

E xam p les of

or

routine o r sub­

e.
A s s is ta n t typ e p ositio n s w h ich in v o lv e m o r e d iffic u lt o r m o r e re sp o n sib le te c h n ic a l,
a d m in is tr a tiv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c ia liz e d c le r ic a l duties w h ich are not ty p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r ia l
w o rk .
N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a te o f f i c e r , " used in the l e v e l d efin itio n s fo llo w in g , r e fe r s to th ose
o ffic ia ls who have a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a te -w id e p o lic y m a k in g r o le w ith re g a r d to m a jo r com pany
a c t iv it ie s . T h e t it le " v ic e p r e s id e n t ," though n o rm a lly in d ic a tiv e o f th is r o le , does not in a ll ca s e s
id e n tify such p o s itio n s . V ic e p re s id e n ts w h ose p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib ility is to act p e rs o n a lly on in d ivid u a l
c a s e s o r tra n s a c tio n s (e .g ., ap p rove o r deny in d ivid u a l loan o r c r e d it action s; a d m in is te r in d ivid u al
tru s t accounts; d ir e c t ly s u p e rv is e a c le r ic a l s ta ff) a re not c o n s id e re d to be "c o r p o r a te o f f i c e r s " fo r
p u rp o ses o f applying the fo llo w in g l e v e l d e fin itio n s .
C la s s A
1. S e c r e ta r y to the ch airm an o f the b o a rd o r p re s id e n t o f a com pany that em p lo y s ,
o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

in a ll,

2. S e c r e ta r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r (o th e r than the ch a irm a n o f the board o r p re s id e n t) o f a
com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 but fe w e r than 25, 000 p e r s o n s ; o r
3. S e c r e ta r y to the head, im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the c o r p o r a te o ffic e r le v e l, o f a m a jo r segm en t
o r s u b s id ia ry o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 25,000 p e r s o n s .
C la s s B
1. S e c r e ta r y to the ch airm an o f the b o a rd o r p re s id e n t o f a com pany that em p lo y s ,
fe w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

in a ll,

2. S e c r e ta r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r (o th e r than the ch a irm a n o f the board o r p r e s id e n t) o f a
com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5, 000 p e r s o n s ; or
3. S e c r e ta r y to the head, im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the o f f ic e r l e v e l, o v e r e ith e r a m a jo r c o r p o r a te ­
w id e fu n ction al a c tiv ity (e .g ., m a rk e tin g , r e s e a r c h , o p e ra tio n s , in d u s tria l r e la tio n s , e t c .) o r a m a jo r
g e o g ra p h ic o r o rg a n iz a tio n a l segm en t (e .g ., a r e g io n a l h ea d q u a rte rs ; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a com pany
that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5,0 0 0 but fe w e r than 25,000 e m p lo y e e s ; o r

P e r fo r m s v a rio u s rou tin e du ties such as running e rra n d s , o p eratin g m in o r o ffic e m ach in es
such as s e a le r s o r m a ile r s , opening and distrib u tin g m a il, and oth er m in o r c le r ic a l w o rk . E xclu de
p o s itio n s that r e q u ir e o p e ra tio n o f a m o to r v e h ic le as a s ig n ifica n t duty.

4. S e c r e ta r y to the head of an in d ivid u a l plant,
o f f ic ia l) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

SECRETARY

5. S e c r e ta r y to the head o f a 'T a r g e and im p ortan t o r g a n iz a tio n a l segm ent (e .g ., a m id d le
m an agem en t s u p e r v is o r o f an o rg a n iz a tio n a l segm en t often in v o lv in g as m any as s e v e r a l hundred
p e r s o n s ) o r a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 25,000 p e r s o n s .

A s s ig n e d as p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o rm a lly to one in dividu al.
M aintains a c lo s e and high ly
re s p o n s iv e re la tio n s h ip to the d a y -to -d a y w ork o f the s u p e rv is o r. W o rk s fa ir ly in depen den tly
r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e ta ile d s u p e rv is io n and guidance. P e r fo r m s v a r ie d c le r ic a l and s e c r e t a r ia l
d u ties, u su ally in clu d in g m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
a.
R e c e iv e s telep h o n e c a lls , p e rs o n a l c a lle r s , and in com in g m a il, an sw ers rou tine in q u ire s ,
and rou tes te c h n ic a l in q u ir ie s to the p r o p e r p erso n s;

v i s o r 's

b.

E s ta b lis h e s ,

c.

M ain tain s the s u p e r v is o r 's c a le n d a r and m akes appointm ents as in stru cted ;

m a in ta in s ,

and r e v is e s the

d.

R e la y s m e s s a g e s fr o m

P e r fo r m s

s u p e r v is o r to su bordin ates;

ste n o g ra p h ic and typ in g w ork .

M a y a ls o p e r fo r m o th e r c le r ic a l and s e c r e t a r ia l tasks o f co m p a ra b le nature and d iffic u lty .
T h e w o rk ty p ic a lly r e q u ir e s k n o w led g e o f o ffic e routine and understanding of the o rg a n iz a tio n , p r o g r a m s ,
and p ro c e d u re s re la te d to the w o rk o f the s u p e rv is o r.




e tc. (o r oth er equ ivalen t

le v e l of

C la s s C
1. S e c r e ta r y to an e x e c u tiv e o r m a n a g e ria l p erso n w h ose re s p o n s ib ility is not eq u ivalen t to
one of the s p e c ific l e v e l situ ation s in the d e fin itio n fo r c la s s B , but w hose o rg a n iza tio n a l unit
n o rm a lly n u m bers at le a s t s e v e r a l dozen e m p lo y e e s and is u su ally d iv id e d into o rg a n iza tio n a l segm en ts
w hich a re often , in tu rn , fu rth e r su bdivided. In som e c o m p a n ies, th is l e v e l includes a w ide range of
o r g a n iz a tio n a l e c h e lo n s ; in o th e rs , only one o r tw o; o r

s u p e r v is o r 's file s ;

e.
R e v ie w s c o rre s p o n d e n c e , m em o ra n d u m s, and re p o rts p re p a re d by oth ers fo r the s u p e r­
s ign a tu re to a ssu re p r o c e d u r a l and ty p o g ra p h ic a ccu racy;
f.

fa c t o r y ,

2.
S e c r e ta r y to the head o f an in d iv id u a l plant,
o f f ic ia l) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, fe w e r than 5,000 p e r s o n s .

fa c to r y ,

e tc. (o r oth er eq u ivalen t l e v e l o f

C la s s D
1. S e c r e ta r y to the
about 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ); o r

s u p e r v is o r

or

head

of

a s m a ll

o r g a n iz a tio n a l unit

(e .g .,

fe w e r

than

2. S e c r e ta r y to a non s u p e r v is o r y s ta ff s p e c ia lis t, p r o fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is tra tiv e
o f f ic e r , o r a ssista n t, s k ille d t-c h n ic ia n o r e x p e rt.
(N O T E :
M an y com p a n ies assign ste n o g ra p h e rs ,
r a th e r than s e c r e t a r ie s as d e s c r ib e d a b o ve, to th is l e v e l o f s u p e r v is o r y o r n o n s u p e rv is o ry w o r k e r .)

STENO G RAPH ER

T A B U L A T IN G - M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R (E le c t r ic A cco u n tin g M a ch in e O p e r a to r )

P r im a r y duty is t o take d ictation using shorthand, and to t r a n s c r ib e the dicta tion . M a y a lso
typ e fr o m w ritte n cop y.
M a y op e ra te fr o m a sten o g ra p h ic p o o l.
M a y o c c a s io n a lly t r a n s c r ib e fr o m
v o ic e re c o rd in g s ( i f p r im a r y duty is tr a n s c r ib in g fr o m r e c o r d in g s , s ee T r a n s c r ib in g -M a c h in e
O p e ra to r, G e n e ra l).

O p era tes one o r a v a r ie t y o f m a ch in es such as the ta b u la to r, c a lc u la to r , c o lla t o r , in t e r p r e t e r ,
s o r t e r , rep rod u cin g punch, e tc. E xclu d ed fr o m th is d e fin itio n a re w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s . A ls o ex clu d ed
a re o p e ra to rs o f e le c tr o n ic d ig ita l c o m p u te rs , e v e n though th e y m a y a ls o o p e ra te E A M equ ipm en t.

N O T E ; T h is jo b is d istin gu ish ed fr o m that o f a s e c r e t a r y in that a s e c r e t a r y n o rm a lly w o rk s
in a c o n fid en tia l re la tio n s h ip w ith on ly one m a n a g e r o r e x e c u tiv e and p e r fo r m s m o r e re s p o n s ib le and
d is c r e tio n a r y ta sk s as d e s c r ib e d in the s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin itio n .

C la s s A. P e r fo r m s c o m p lete re p o rtin g and tab u latin g a ss ig n m e n ts in clu d in g d e v is in g d iffic u lt
c o n tro l p a n el w irin g under g e n e r a l su p e rv is io n .
A s s ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lo n g and
co m p le x re p o rts w hich often a re ir r e g u la r o r n o n r e c u r r in g , re q u irin g so m e planning o f the n atu re and
sequ encing o f o p e ra tio n s , and the use o f a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s . Is ty p ic a lly in v o lv e d in tr a in in g new
o p e ra to rs in m achine op era tion s o r tra in in g lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a to r s in w ir in g fr o m d ia g ra m s and in
the o p e ra tin g sequ ences o f long and c o m p le x r e p o r ts .
D oes not in clu d e p o s itio n s in w h ich w ir in g
r e s p o n s ib ility is lim ite d to s e le c tio n and in s e r tio n o f p r e w ir e d b o a rd s .

S ten o g ra p h er. G e n e ra l
D ictation in v o lv e s a n o rm a l rou tin e v o c a b u la ry .
o r p e r fo r m oth er r e la t iv e ly rou tin e c le r i c a l ta sk s.

M a y m ain tain

f il e s ,

k eep sim p le r e c o r d s ,

S ten o g ra p h er. S e n io r
D ictation in v o lv e s a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l .o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la ry such as in le g a l b r ie fs o r
r e p o rts on s c ie n tific re s e a r c h . M a y a ls o s e t up and m ain tain f il e s , k eep r e c o r d s , e tc .
OR
P e r fo r m s ste n o g ra p h ic duties re q u irin g s ig n ific a n tly g r e a t e r in dependence and re s p o n s ib ility
than ste n o g ra p h e r, g e n e r a l, as e v id e n c e d b y the fo llo w in g : W o r k re q u ir e s a high d e g r e e o f sten ogra p h ic
sp eed and a c c u ra c y ; a th orou gh w o rk in g k n ow led ge o f g e n e r a l b u sin ess and o ffic e p ro c e d u re ; and of
the s p e c ific bu sin ess o p e ra tio n s , o rg a n is a tio n , p o lic ie s , p r o c e d u r e s , f ile s , w o r k flo w , e tc . U ses th is
kn ow ledge in p e r fo r m in g sten o gra p h ic du ties and re s p o n s ib le c l e r i c a l ta s k s such as m ain tain in g follow u p
file s ; a ssem b lin g m a t e r ia l fo r r e p o r ts , m em ora n d u m s, and le t t e r s ; com p osin g s im p le le tte r s fr o m
g e n e r a l in s tru c tio n s ; rea d in g and rou tin g in co m in g m a il; and a n s w e rin g rou tin e q u e s tio n s , e tc.

S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R
O p era tes a telep h o n e sw itch b o a rd o r c o n so le used w ith a p r iv a te b ran ch exchange (P B X )
s y s te m to r e la y in c o m in g , ou tgoin g, and in tr a - s y s te m c a lls .
M a y p ro v id e in fo rm a tio n to c a lle r s ,
r e c o r d and tra n s m it m e s s a g e s , k eep r e c o r d o f c a lls p la c e d and t o l l c h a r g e s .
B e s id e s o p era tin g a
teleph on e sw itch b oard o r c o n s o le , m a y a ls o typ e o r p e r fo r m rou tin e c le r ic a l w o rk (typing o r rou tin e
c le r ic a l w o rk m ay occu py the m a jo r p o rtio n o f the w o r k e r 's tim e , and is u su ally p e r fo r m e d w h ile at
the sw itch board o r c o n s o le ).
C lu e f o r le a d o p e ra to rs in esta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than one
o p e ra to r a re exclu ded. F o r an o p e ra to r who a lso acts as a re c e p tio n is t, see S w itch b o a rd O p e r a to r R ecep tio n ist.

S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T IO N IS T
At a s in g le -p o s itio n telep h on e sw itch b o a rd o r c o n s o le , acts both as an o p e ra to r— see S w itch ­
b o a rd O p era to r— and as a r e c e p tio n is t. R e c e p tio n is t's w o rk in v o lv e s such du ties as g r e e tin g v is it o r s ;
d eterm in in g nature o f v i s i t o r 's b u sin ess and p ro v id in g a p p ro p ria te in fo rm a tio n ; r e fe r r in g v i s it o r to
ap p ro p ria te p erso n in the o rg a n iza tio n , o r con tactin g that p e rs o n by telep h o n e and a rra n g in g an
appointm ent; k eep in g a lo g o f v is it o r s .

P o s itio n s a re c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s .

C la s s B . P e r fo r m s w o rk a cco rd in g to e s ta b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and under s p e c ific in s tru c tio n s .
A ss ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e c o m p lete but rou tin e and r e c u r r in g r e p o r ts o r p a rts o f la r g e r and m o r e
c o m p le x r e p o rts .
O p era tes m o r e d iffic u lt ta b u la tin g o r e le c t r ic a l accou n tin g m a c h in e s such as the
ta b u la to r and c a lc u la to r, in addition to the s im p le r m a ch in es used b y c la s s C o p e r a to r s .
M a y be
r e q u ir e d to do som e w irin g fr o m d ia g ra m s .
M a y tr a in n ew e m p lo y e e s in b a s ic m a ch in e o p e ra tio n s .
C la s s C . U n der s p e c ific in s tru c tio n s , o p e r a te s s im p le tab u latin g o r e l e c t r ic a l accounting
m ach in es such as the s o r t e r , in t e r p r e t e r , re p ro d u c in g punch, c o lla t o r , e tc .
A s s ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly
in v o lv e p o rtio n s o f a w o rk unit, fo r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o rtin g o r c o lla tin g runs, o r r e p e titiv e
o p e ra tio n s .
M ay p e r fo r m sim p le w irin g fr o m d ia g r a m s , and do s o m e filin g w o rk .
T R A N S C R IB IN G rM A C H IN E O P E R A T O R , G E N E R A L
P r im a r y duty is to tr a n s c r ib e d icta tio n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l ro u tin e v o c a b u la ry fr o m tr a n s c rib in g -m a c h in e r e c o r d s .
M ay a lso typ e f r o m w r itte n co p y and do s im p le c l e r i c a l w o rk . W o r k e r s
tra n s c r ib in g dictation in v o lv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y such as le g a l b r ie fs o r
re p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h a re not in clu d ed .
A w o r k e r w ho ta k es d ic ta tio n in sh orth an d o r by
Stenotype o r s im ila r m achine is c la s s ifie d as a s te n o g ra p h e r.
T Y P IS T
U s e s a t y p e w r ite r to m ake co p ies o f v a r io u s m a t e r ia ls o r to m ake out b ills a fte r c a lc u la tio n s
have been m ade by another p erson .
M ay in clu d e ty p in g o f s te n c ils , m a ts , o r s im ila r m a t e r ia ls fo r
use in duplicating p r o c e s s e s . M ay do c le r ic a l w o rk in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c ia l tr a in in g , such as k eep in g
s im p le r e c o r d s , filin g re c o r d s and re p o r ts , o r s o rtin g and d is trib u tin g in c o m in g m a il.
C la s s A . P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : T y p in g m a t e r ia l in fin a l fo r m when it
in v o lv e s com bining m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u rc e s ; o r r e s p o n s ib ility f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g , s y lla b ic a tio n ,
punctuation, e tc ., o f te c h n ic a l o r unusual w o rd s o r fo r e ig n lan gu age m a t e r ia l; o r planning la y o u t and
typ in g o f c o m p lic a te d s ta tis tic a l ta b le s to m ain tain u n ifo rm ity and b a la n ce in s p a cin g . M a y ty p e rou tine
fo r m le t t e r s , v a ry in g d eta ils to suit c irc u m s ta n c e s .

C la s s B . P e r fo r m s one o r m o re o f the fo llo w in g : C op y ty p in g f r o m rough o r c le a r d r a fts ;
o r rou tine typing o f fo r m s , in su ran ce p o lic ie s , e tc ; o r settin g up s im p le stan d ard ta b u la tio n s; o r
cop yin g m o r e co m p le x ta b le s a lre a d y set up and sp a ced p r o p e r ly .

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
COM PUTER O PERATO R

C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R — Continued

M o n ito rs and o p e ra te s the c o n tro l co n s o le o f a d ig ita l co m p u ter to p r o c e s s data c c c o rd in g to
o p era tin g in s tru c tio n s , u su ally p re p a re d b y a p r o g r a m m e r .
W o rk in clu d es m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
Studies in stru ctio n s to d e te rm in e equ ipm ent setup and o p e ra tio n s ; load s equ ipm ent w ith re q u ire d
ite m s (tape r e e ls , c a r d s , e t c .); sw itch es n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y equ ipm ent in to c ir c u it , and sta rts and
o p era tes com p u ter; m a k es adjustm ents to co m p u ter to c o r r e c t o p e ra tin g p r o b le m s and m e e t s p e c ia l
con dition s; re v ie w s e r r o r s m ade during o p era tio n and d e te rm in e s cau se o r r e f e r s p r o b le m to
s u p e rv is o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m ain tain s o p e ra tin g r e c o r d s .
M a y te s t and a s s is t in c o r r e c tin g
p ro g ra m .

C la s s B . O p erates in depen den tly, o r u nder o n ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n , a c o m p u te r running
p ro g r a m s w ith m o st o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c t e r is t ic s : M o s t o f the p r o g r a m s a r e e s ta b lis h e d p rod u ction
ru ns, ty p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a s is ; th e r e is lit t le o r no te s tin g o f n ew p ro g r a m s
r e q u ire d ; a ltern a te p ro g ra m s a re p ro v id e d in c a s e o r ig in a l p r o g r a m n eed s m a jo r change o r cannot be
c o r r e c t e d w ithin a rea son a b ly tim e . In com m on e r r o r s itu a tio n s , d ia g n o s e s cau se and ta k e s c o r r e c t iv e
action .
T h is u su ally in v o lv e s applying p r e v io u s ly p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t iv e s tep s, o r usin g stan dard
c o r r e c tio n techniqu es.
OR

F o r w a g e study p u rp o s e s ,

co m p u ter o p e ra to rs

a re c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s :

C la s s A . O p e ra te s in d ep en d en tly, o r under only g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n , a co m p u ter running
p ro g ra m s w ith m o st o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c te r is tic s :
N ew p ro g r a m s a re fre q u e n tly te s te d and
introduced; schedu ling re q u ire m e n ts a re o f c r it ic a l im p o rta n c e to m in im iz e dow n tim e; the p ro g r a m s
a re o f c o m p lex d esign so that id e n tific a tio n o f e r r o r s o u rce often r e q u ir e s a w o rk in g k n ow led ge o f the
to ta l p ro g ra m , and a ltern a te p r o g r a m s m a y not be a v a ila b le .
M a y g iv e d ir e c tio n and guidance to
lo w e r le v e l o p e ra to rs .




O p era tes under d ir e c t s u p e rv is io n a c o m p u te r running p r o g r a m s o r se g m e n ts o f p r o g r a m s
w ith the c h a r a c te r is tic s d e s c rib e d fo r c la s s A . M a y a s s is t a h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a to r b y in d ep en d en tly
p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt ta sk s assign ed , and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt ta s k s fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tru c tio n s
and w ith frequ en t re v ie w o f o p era tio n s p e r fo r m e d .
C la ss C . W o rk s on rou tin e p ro g r a m s u nder c lo s e s u p e rv is io n . Is e x p e c te d t o d e v e lo p w o rk in g
k n ow led ge o f the com p u ter equipm ent used and a b ility to d e te c t p ro b le m s in v o lv e d in running rou tin e
p r o g r a m s . U su a lly has r e c e iv e d som e fo r m a l tr a in in g in c o m p u te r o p e ra tio n . M a y a s s is t h ig h e r l e v e l
o p e r a to r on co m p lex p ro g ra m s .

C o n v e rts sta tem en ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b le m s , ty p ic a lly p re p a re d by a s y s te m s a n a lyst, into a
se qu en ce o f d e ta ile d in s tru c tio n s w h ich a re r e q u ir e d to s o lv e the p ro b le m s by au tom atic data p r o c e s s in g
equ ip m en t. W o rk in g f r o m c h a rts o r d ia g r a m s , the p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s the p r e c is e in s tru c tio n s w h ich ,
w hen e n te r e d into th e c o m p u te r s y s te m in co d ed lan gu age, cause the m anipulation o f data to a ch ieve
d e s ir e d re s u lts .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : A p p lie s kn ow ledge o f co m p u ter c a p a b ilitie s ,
m a th e m a tic s , lo g ic e m p lo y e d b y c o m p u te rs , and p a rtic u la r su b ject m a tte r in v o lv e d to a n a lyze ch arts
and d ia g ra m s o f the p r o b le m to be p r o g r a m m e d ; d evelo p s sequ en ce o f p r o g r a m step s; w r ite s d e ta ile d
flo w c h a rts t o show o r d e r in w h ich data w i l l be p ro c e s s e d ; c o n v e rts th e s e ch arts to co d ed in stru ctio n s
f o r m a ch in e to fo llo w ; t e s ts and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a re s in stru ctio n s f o r o p e ra tin g p e rs o n n e l
d u rin g p rod u ction run; a n a ly z e s , r e v ie w s , and a lte rs p ro g ra m s to in c re a s e o p e ra tin g e ffic ie n c y o r
adapt to n ew re q u ir e m e n ts ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f p r o g r a m d evelop m en t and re v is io n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s
p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as s y s te m s an a lysts i f th is is
the s k ill used to d e te r m in e t h e ir p a y .)
D oes not in clu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily re s p o n s ib le fo r the m anagem ent o r s u p e rv is io n o f o th er
e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r im a r ily co n cern ed w ith s c ie n t ific and/or
e n g in e e r in g p ro b le m s .
F o r w a g e study p u rp o s e s ,

p rogra m m ers

a re c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s :

C la s s A . W o r k s in d ep en d en tly o r under on ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on c o m p le x p ro b le m s w h ich
r e q u ir e co m p e te n c e in a ll p h a ses o f p r o g r a m m in g con cepts and p ra c tic e s .
W o rk in g fr o m d ia g ra m s
and c h a rts w h ich id e n tify th e n atu re o f d e s ir e d r e s u lts , m a jo r p r o c e s s in g steps to be a cc o m p lis h e d ,
and th e re la tio n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s s tep s of the p ro b le m s o lv in g routine; plans the fu ll ra n ge
o f p r o g r a m m in g a ctio n s n e e d e d to e ffic ie n t ly u tiliz e the co m p u ter s y stem in a ch ievin g d e s ir e d
en d p ro d u cts.
A t th is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g is d iffic u lt b eca u se co m p u ter equipm ent m u st be o r g a n iz e d to
p ro d u ce s e v e r a l in t e r r e la t e d but d iv e r s e p ro d u cts fr o m num erous and d iv e r s e data e le m e n ts . A w id e
v a r ie t y and e x te n s iv e n u m b er o f in te r n a l p ro c e s s in g action s m ust o c c u r. T h is re q u ir e s such action s as
d e v e lo p m e n t o f com m on o p e ra tio n s w h ich can be reu s e d , esta b lish m en t o f lin k a ge p oin ts b etw een
o p e r a tio n s , a d ju stm en ts to data when p r o g r a m re q u ire m e n ts e x c e e d co m p u ter s to ra g e c a p a c ity , and
su b sta n tia l m a n ip u lation and re s e q u e n c in g o f data e lem en ts to fo r m a h igh ly in te g r a te d p ro g r a m .
M ay

p r o v id e

fu n c tio n a l

d ir e c tio n to

lo w e r l e v e l

p ro gra m m ers

who a re

s y s te m s a n a lysts a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s :

C la s s A . W o rk s in d ep en d en tly o r under on ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on c o m p le x p ro b le m s in v o lv in g
a ll ph ases o f s y s te m a n a ly s is .
P r o b le m s a r e c o m p le x b eca u se o f d iv e r s e so u rc e s o f input data and
m u ltip le -u s e r e q u ire m e n ts o f output data. (F o r e x a m p le , d ev e lo p s an in te g r a te d p rodu ction sch edu lin g,
in v e n to ry c o n tr o l, c o s t a n a ly s is , and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ich e v e r y ite m o f each typ e is
a u to m a tic a lly p r o c e s s e d th rou gh th e fu ll s y s te m o f r e c o r d s and a p p ro p ria te fo llo w u p action s a re in itia te d
b y the c o m p u te r .) C o n fe rs w ith p e rs o n s c o n c e rn e d to d e te rm in e th e data p r o c e s s in g p ro b le m s and
a d v is e s s u b je c t-m a tte r p e rs o n n e l on the im p lic a tio n s o f n ew o r r e v is e d s y s te m s o f ‘d a ta p r o c e s s in g
o p e ra tio n s . M a k es r e c o m m e n d a tio n s , i f n e e d ed , fo r a p p ro v a l o f m a jo r s y s te m s in s ta lla tio n s o r changes
and fo r obtaining equ ipm en t.
M a y p r o v id e fu n ctio n a l d ir e c tio n to lo w e r l e v e l s y s te m s an a lysts w ho a re a ssig n ed to a ss is t.
C la s s B . W o rk s in d ep en d en tly o r under on ly g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n on p ro b le m s that a re r e la t iv e ly
u n co m p lica ted to a n a ly z e , plan , p r o g r a m , and o p e ra te . P r o b le m s a r e o f lim ite d c o m p le x ity b eca u se
s o u rc e s o f input data a r e h om ogen eou s and the output data a r e c lo s e ly re la te d . (F o r e x a m p le , d e velo p s
s y s te m s fo r m ain ta in in g d e p o s ito r accounts in a bank, m a in ta in in g accounts re c e iv a b le in a r e t a il
e s ta b lis h m e n t, o r m ain ta in in g in v e n to ry accounts in a m a n u fa ctu rin g o r w h o le s a le e s ta b lis h m e n t.)
C o n fe rs w ith p e rs o n s c o n c e rn e d to d e te rm in e the data p r o c e s s in g p r o b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c tm a tte r p e rs o n n e l on the im p lic a tio n s o f the data p r o c e s s in g s y s te m s to be applied.
OR
W o rk s on a segm en t o f a c o m p le x data p r o c e s s in g sch em e o r s y s te m , as d e s c rib e d f o r c la s s A.
W o rk s in d ep en d en tly on rou tin e a ssig n m en ts and r e c e iv e s in s tru c tio n and guidance on co m p le x
a s s ig n m e n ts . W o rk is r e v ie w e d fo r a c c u ra c y o f ju d gm en t, c o m p lia n c e w ith in s tru c tio n s , and to in su re
p r o p e r a lign m en t w ith the o v e r a ll s y s te m .
C la s s C . W o rk s u nder im m e d ia te s u p e rv is io n , c a r r y in g out a n a ly s e s as a ssign ed , usu ally
o f a s in g le a c tiv ity .
A s s ig n m e n ts a re d es ig n e d to d e v e lo p and expand p r a c t ic a l e x p e r ie n c e in the.
ap p lica tio n o f p ro c e d u r e s and s k ills r e q u ir e d fo r s y s te m s a n a ly sis w o rk . F o r ex a m p le , m a y a s s is t a
h ig h e r l e v e l s y s te m s a n a lyst b y p r e p a r in g the d e ta ile d s p e c ific a tio n s r e q u ir e d by p r o g r a m m e r s fr o m
in fo rm a tio n d e v e lo p e d b y the h ig h e r l e v e l an alyst.

a s s ig n e d to a s s is t.

C la s s B . W o rk s in d ep en d en tly o r under only g e n e r a l d ire c tio n on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p r o g r a m s ,
o r on s im p le s e g m e n ts o f c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . P r o g r a m s (o r s e g m e n ts ) usually p r o c e s s in fo rm a tio n to
p ro d u ce data in tw o o r th r e e v a r ie d seq u en ces o r fo r m a ts .
R e p o rts and lis tin g s a r e p ro d u ced b y
r e fin in g , adaptin g, a r r a y in g , o r m a k in g m in o r additions to o r d e letio n s fr o m input data w h ich a re
r e a d ily a v a ila b le .
W h ile n u m ero u s r e c o r d s m a y be p r o c e s s e d , the data have been r e fin e d in p r io r
a ctio n s s o that th e a c c u r a c y and sequ en cin g o f data can be te s te d by using a fe w rou tine ch eck s.
T y p ic a lly , the p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith ro u tin e r e c o r d -k e e p in g typ e o p era tio n s.
OR
W o rk s on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s (as d e s c r ib e d f o r c la s s A ) under c lo s e d ir e c tio n o f a h ig h e r
l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r .
M a y a s s is t h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r by in d ep en d en tly p e r fo r m in g
le s s d iffic u lt ta sk s a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt ta sk s under f a ir ly c lo s e d ire c tio n .
M a y guide o r in s tru c t lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s .
C la s s C . M a k es p r a c t ic a l a p p lic a tio n s o f p ro g ra m m in g p r a c tic e s and con cep ts u su ally le a rn e d
in fo r m a l tra in in g c o u r s e s .
A s s ig n m e n ts a r e d esign ed to d e v e lo p co m p eten ce in the ap p lica tio n of
sta n d a rd p ro c e d u r e s to ro u tin e p r o b le m s . R e c e iv e s c lo s e s u p e rv is io n on new a sp ects o f a ssig n m en ts;
and w o r k is r e v ie w e d to v e r i f y its a c c u ra c y and c o n fo rm a n c e w ith re q u ire d p ro c e d u re s .
C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , B U SIN E SS
A n a ly z e s b u s in e s s p r o b le m s to fo r m u la te p ro c e d u re s f o r so lvin g th em by use o f e le c tr o n ic
data p r o c e s s in g eq u ip m en t.
D e v e lo p s a c o m p le te d e s c rip tio n o f a ll s p e c ific a tio n s n eed ed to enable
p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig ita l c o m p u te r p ro g r a m s .
W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g :
A n a ly z e s s u b je c t-m a tte r o p e ra tio n s to be au tom ated and id e n tifie s conditions and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d to
a c h ie v e s a t is fa c t o r y re s u lts ; s p e c ifie s n u m b er and ty p es o f r e c o r d s , f ile s , and docum ents to be used;
o u tlin es actio n s to b e p e r fo r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l and co m p u ters in su ffic ie n t d e ta il fo r p re s e n ta tio n to
m a n a gem en t and f o r p r o g r a m m in g (ty p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p re p a ra tio n o f w o rk and data flo w c h a rts );
c o o rd in a te s the d e v e lo p m e n t o f t e s t p ro b le m s and p a rtic ip a te s in t r i a l runs o f n ew and r e v is e d s y s te m s ;
and r e c o m m e n d s eq u ip m en t ch a n ges to obtain m o r e e ffe c t iv e o v e r a ll o p era tio n s.
(N O T E :
W ork ers
p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as sy s te m s an alysts i f th is is
the s k ill u sed to d e te r m in e t h e ir p a y .)
D o es not in clu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily r e s p o n s ib le fo r the m anagem ent o r s u p e rv is io n o f o th er
e le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r s y s te m s a n alysts p r im a r ily c v c e m e d w ith s c ie n tific o r
e n g in e e r in g p r o b le m s .




F o r w a g e study p u rp o s e s ,

DRAFTER
C la s s A . P la n s the g ra p h ic p re s e n ta tio n o f c o m p le x ite m s h a vin g d is tin c tiv e design fe a tu re s
that d iffe r s ig n ific a n tly fr o m e s ta b lis h e d d ra ftin g p r e c e d e n ts . W o rk s in c lo s e support w ith the design
o r ig in a t o r , and m a y re c o m m e n d m in o r d esig n ch an ges.
A n a ly z e s th e e ffe c t o f each change on the
d e ta ils o f fo r m , fu n ction , and p o s itio n a l re la tio n s h ip s o f com pon en ts and p a rts . W o rk s w ith a
m in im u m o f s u p e r v is o r y a s s is ta n c e . C o m p le te d w o r k is r e v ie w e d by d e s ig n o r ig in a to r fo r 'c o n s is te n c y
w ith p r io r e n g in e e rin g d e te rm in a tio n s . M a y e ith e r p r e p a r e d ra w in g s , o r d ir e c t th e ir p r e p a ra tio n by
lo w e r l e v e l d r a ft e r s .
C la s s B . P e r f o r m s n on rou tin e and c o m p le x d ra ftin g a ssig n m en ts that re q u ir e th e a p p lica tion
o f m o s t o f the s ta n d a rd iz e d d ra w in g tech n iq u es r e g u la r ly used. D u ties t y p ic a lly in v o lv e such w o r k as:
P r e p a r e s w o rk in g d ra w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b lie s w ith ir r e g u la r sh a p es, m u ltip le fu n ction s, and p r e c is e
p o s itio n a l r e la tio n s h ip s b etw een com p on en ts; p r e p a r e s a rc h ite c tu r a l d ra w in g s f o r co n stru ctio n o f a
b u ild in g in clu d in g d e ta il d ra w in g s o f fou n dation s, w a ll s e c tio n s , flo o r p la n s, and ro o f. U s e s a cce p te d
fo rm u la s and m an u als in m akin g n e c e s s a r y com p u tation s to d e te rm in e qu an tities o f m a te r ia ls to be
u sed, lo a d c a p a c itie s , s tre n g th s , s t r e s s e s , e tc .
R e c e iv e s in it ia l in s tru c tio n s , re q u ir e m e n ts , and
a d v ic e fr o m s u p e r v is o r .
C o m p le te d w o rk is ch eck ed fo r te c h n ic a l adequ acy.
C la s s C .
P r e p a r e s d e ta il d ra w in g s o f s in g le units o r p a rts fo r e n g in e e rin g , c o n stru ctio n ,
m a n u fa c tu rin g , o r r e p a ir p u rp o ses.
T y p e s o f d ra w in g s p r e p a r e d in clu d e is o m e t r ic p r o je c tio n s
(d e p ic tin g th r e e d im e n s io n s in a cc u ra te s c a le ) and s e c tio n a l v ia w s to c l a r i f y p o sitio n in g o f com ponents
and co n v e y n ee d e d in fo r m a tio n .
C o n s o lid a te s d e ta ils fr o m a n u m b er o f so u rc e s and adjusts o r
tra n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ir e d .
S u ggested m eth od s o f a p p roa ch , a p p lic a b le p re c e d e n ts , and a d v ic e on
s o u r c e m a te r ia la a r e g iv e n w ith in it ia l a s s ig n m e n ts . In s tru c tio n s a re le s s c o m p le te when assign m en ts
recu r.
W o rk m a y be s p o t-c h e c k e d d u rin g p r o g r e s s .
D R A F T E R -T R A C E R
C o p ie s plan s and d ra w in gs p r e p a r e d b y oth e rs by p la c in g tr a c in g c lo th o r p a p e r o v e r d raw in gs
and tr a c in g w ith pen o r p e n c il.
(D o es not in clu d e tr a c in g lim it e d to plan s p r im a r ily c o n s is tin g of
s tra ig h t lin e s and a la r g e s c a le not r e q u ir in g c lo s e d e lin e a tio n .)
AND /O R
P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e titiv e d ra w in g s o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d ite m s .
d u rin g p r o g r e s s .

W o rk is c lo s e ly s u p e rv is e d

W o rk s on v a rio u s typ e s o f e le c tr o n ic equipm ent and re la te d d e v ic e s by p e r fo r m in g one o r a
com bination o f the fo llo w in g : In s ta llin g , m ain tain in g, re p a ir in g , o v e rh a u lin g , tro u b le s h o o tin g , m o d ify in g ,
con stru ctin g, and te s tin g .
W o rk re q u ir e s p r a c tic a l ap p lica tio n o f te c h n ic a l k n ow led ge o f e le c tr o n ic s
p r in c ip le s , a b ility to d e te rm in e m alfu n ctio n s, and s k ill to put equ ipm ent in r e q u ir e d o p era tin g condition.

C la s s B . A p p lie s c o m p reh en sive te c h n ic a l k n o w led ge to s o lv e c o m p le x p ro b le m s ( i . e . , th ose
that ty p ic a lly can be s o lv e d s o le ly by p r o p e r ly in te r p r e tin g m a n u fa c tu re rs ' m anuals o r s im ila r
d o cu m en ts) in w ork in g on e le c tr o n ic equ ipm en t. W o rk in v o lv e s : A fa m ilia r it y w ith the in t e r r e la t io n ­
ships o f c ir c u its ; and judgm ent in d e te rm in in g w o rk seq u en ce and in s e le c tin g t o o ls and te s tin g
in stru m en ts, usually le s s c o m p lex than th ose used b y the c la s s A tech n icia n .

T h e equipm ent— co n s is tin g o f e ith e r m any d iffe r e n t kinds o f c ir c u its o r m u ltip le re p e titio n of
the sam e kind o f c ir c u it— in clu d es, but is not lim it e d .to, the fo llo w in g :
(a ) E le c tr o n ic tra n s m ittin g
and re c e iv in g equipm ent (e .g ., ra d a r, ra d io , te le v is io n , te le p h o n e , so n a r, n a v ig a tio n a l a id s ), (b )
d ig ita l and analog c o m p u te rs , and (<f) in d u s tria l and m e d ic a l m e a s u rin g and c o n tro llin g equipm ent.

R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l guidance, as r e q u ir e d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n , and
w o rk is re v ie w e d fo r s p e c ific com p lia n ce w ith a cc e p te d p r a c tic e s and w o rk a ssign m en ts. M a y p ro v id e
te c h n ic a l guidance to lo w e r le v e l tech n icia n s.

T h is c la s s ific a tio n exclu d es r e p a ir e r s o f such stan dard e le c tr o n ic equipm ent as com m on o ffic e
m achines and household ra d io and t e le v is io n s e ts ; p rodu ction a s s e m b le r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w hose
p r im a r y duty is s e r v ic in g e le c tr o n ic te s t in stru m en ts; tech n icia n s who have a d m in is tra tiv e o r
s u p e rv is o ry r e s p o n s ib ility ; and d r a ft e r s , d e s ig n e r s , and p ro fe s s io n a l e n g in e e rs .

C la s s C. A p p lie s w ork in g te c h n ic a l k n o w led ge to p e r fo r m s im p le o r rou tin e ta sk s in w o rk in g
on e le c tr o n ic equipm ent, fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tru c tio n s w h ich c o v e r v ir t u a lly all p r o c e d u re s .
W ork
ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s such ta sk s as: A s s is tin g h ig h e r l e v e l te c h n ic ia n s by p e r fo r m in g such a c tiv it ie s as
r e p la c in g com ponents, w ir in g c ir c u its , and takin g te s t re a d in g s ; re p a ir in g sim p le e le c t r o n ic equ ipm en t;
and using to o ls and com m on te s t in stru m en ts (e .g ., m u ltim e te r s , audio sign a l g e n e r a to r s , tube t e s t e r s ,
o s c illo s c o p e s ). Is not re q u ire d to be fa m ilia r w ith the in te r r e la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u its . T h is k n o w le d g e ,
h o w e v e r , m ay be a c q u ire d through a ssign m en ts d e s ig n e d to in c r e a s e co m p e te n c e (in clu d in g c la s s r o o m
tra in in g ) so that w o r k e r can advance to h ig h e r l e v e l te ch n icia n .

P o s itio n s a re c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a s is o f the fo llo w in g d efin itio n s .

C la s s A . A p p lie s ad van ced te c h n ic a l k n ow led ge to s o lv e unusually c o m p le x p ro b le m s (i.e .,
those that ty p ic a lly cannot be s o lv e d s o le ly b y
r e fe r e n c e to m a n u fa c tu re rs ' m anuals o r s im ila r
d ocu m en ts) in w o rk in g on e le c tr o n ic equipm ent.
E x a m p les o f such p ro b le m s in clu d e lo ca tio n and
d en sity o f c ir c u it r y , e le c tr o - m a g n e tic ra d ia tio n , is o la tin g m a lfu n ctio n s, and freq u en t e n g in e e rin g
changes.
W o rk in v o lv e s :
A d e ta ile d u nderstanding of the in te rre la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u it s ; e x e r c is in g
independent ju dgm ent in p e r fo r m in g such tasks as m aking c ir c u it a n a ly s e s , ca lcu la tin g w a ve fo r m s ,
tra c in g rela tio n sh ip s in s ig n a l flo w ; and r e g u la r ly using c o m p le x te s t in stru m en ts' (e .g ., dual tr a c e
o s c illo s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , devia tion m e te r s , pu lse g e n e r a to r s ).
W o rk m ay be r e v ie w e d by
co m p lia n ce w ith accep ted p r a c tic e s .

s u p e rv is o r (fre q u e n tly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) fo r g e n e r a l
M ay p ro v id e te c h n ic a l gu idance to lo w e r l e v e l tech n icia n s.

R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l guidance, as r e q u ir e d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r l e v e l te ch n icia n . W o rk
is ty p ic a lly spot ch eck ed , but is given d e ta ile d r e v ie w when n ew o r advan ced a ssig n m en ts a re in v o lv e d .
N U R S E , IN D U S T R IA L (R e g is t e r e d )
A r e g is te r e d n u rse who g iv e s n u rsin g s e r v ic e under g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c tio n to i l l o r in ju re d
e m p lo y e e s o r other p erso n s who b e c o m e i l l o r s u ffe r an a ccid en t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa c t o r y o r
o th er esta b lish m en t.
D uties in v o lv e a com b in ation o f the fo llo w in g : G iv in g f i r s t aid to the i l l o r
in ju red ; attending to subsequent d re s s in g of e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; k eep in g r e c o r d s o f p a tien ts tre a te d ;
p re p a rin g accident re p o rts fo r com pensation o r o th e r p u rp o s e s ; a s s is tin g in p h y s ic a l ex a m in a tio n s and
h ealth evalu ation s o f applicants and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r r y in g out p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g health
edu cation , accident p re v e n tio n , evalu ation o f plant e n v iro n m e n t, o r o th e r a c tiv it ie s a ffe c tin g the h ealth ,
w e lfa r e , and sa fety o f a ll p erso n n el. N u rsin g s u p e r v is o r s o r head n u rses in e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g
m o r e than one nurse a re excluded.

MAINTENANCE AND POWERPLANT
B O IL E R T E N D E R

H E L P E R , M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S

F ir e s sta tio n a ry b o ile r s to fu rn ish the e sta b lish m en t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith heat, p o w er,
o r steam .
F e e d s fuels to f i r e by hand o r o p e ra te s a m e c h a n ic a l s to k e r, g a s , o r o il b u rn er; and
checks w a te r and s a fety v a lv e s .
M ay clea n , o il, o r a ssist in re p a irin g b o ile r r o o m equipm ent.

A s s is ts one o r m o r e w o rk e rs in the s k ille d m ain ten an ce t r a d e s , by p e r fo r m in g s p e c ific o r
g e n e r a l duties of le s s e r s k ill, such as k eep in g a w o r k e r su p p lied w ith m a t e r ia ls and to o ls ; c le a n in g
w o rk in g a re a , m a ch in e, and equipm ent; a s s is tin g jo u rn ey m a n by holdin g m a t e r ia ls o r to o ls ; and
p e r fo r m in g other u n sk illed tasks as d ir e c te d by jo u rn ey m a n . T h e kind o f w o rk the h e lp e r is p e rm itte d
to p e r fo r m v a r ie s fr o m tra d e to tra d e :
In so m e tra d e s the h e lp e r is co n fin ed to su p p lyin g, lift in g ,
and holding m a te r ia ls and to o ls , and clea n in g w o rk in g a r e a s ; and in o th e rs he is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m
s p e c ia liz e d m achine o p e ra tio n s , o r p a rts o f a tra d e that a re a ls o p e r fo r m e d by w o r k e r s on a
fu ll- t im e b a sis.

C A R P E N T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E
P e r fo r m s the c a rp e n try duties n e c e s s a r y to co n stru ct and m ain tain in g ood r e p a ir building
w ood w ork and equipm ent such as b in s, c r ib s , co u n ters, b en ch es, p a r titio n s , d o o rs , flo o r s , s ta ir s ,
c a s in g s , and t r im m ade o f-w o o d in an e s ta b lish m en t. W o rk in v o lv e s m ost o f the fo llo w in g : Planning
and layin g out o f w o rk fr o m b lu e p rin ts , d ra w in g s , m o d e ls , o r v e r b a l in stru ctio n s; using a v a r ie t y o f
c a rp e n te r's handtools, p o rta b le p o w e r to o ls , and standard m e a s u rin g in stru m en ts; m aking standard
shop com putations re la tin g to dim en sion s of w o rk ; and s e le c tin g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y f o r the w o rk . In
g e n e ra l, the w o rk of the m ain ten an ce c a rp e n te r re q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e usually
acqu ired throu gh a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e .
E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E
P e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic a l tra d e functions such as the in s ta lla tio n , m ain ten an ce, o r
r e p a ir of equ ipm ent fo r the g e n e ra tio n , d is trib u tio n , o r u tiliza tio n o f e le c t r ic e n e r g y in an esta b lish m en t.
W ork in v o lv e s m o st o f the fo llo w in g : In s ta llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic a l equipm ent
such as g e n e r a to r s , t r a n s fo r m e r s , sw itch b o a rd s, c o n t r o lle r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o to r s , h eatin g units,
conduit s y s te m s , o r o th er tra n s m is s io n equ ipm en t; w o rk in g fr o m b lu e p rin ts , d ra w in g s , la yo u ts, o r
oth er s p e c ific a tio n s ; lo ca tin g and d iagn osin g tro u b le in the e le c t r ic a l s y s te m o r equ ipm en t; w ork in g
standard com pu tations re la tin g to lo a d re q u ire m e n ts o f w ir in g o r e le c t r ic a l equipm ent; and using a
v a r ie t y of e le c t r ic ia n 's handtools and m e a s u rin g and testin g in s tru m e n ts . In g e n e r a l, th e w o rk o f the
m aintenance e le c tr ic ia n re q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e u su ally a c q u ired through a fo r m a l
ap p ren ticesh ip o r eq u ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e .
E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y
O p era tes and m ain tain s and m ay a lso s u p e rv is e the o p era tio n o f s ta tio n a ry en gin es and
equipm ent (m e c h a n ic a l o r e le c t r ic a l) to supply the e s ta b lish m en t in w h ich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r, heat,
r e fr ig e r a tio n , or a ir-c o n d itio n in g .
W o rk in v o lv e s :
O p era tin g and m a in tain in g equ ipm ent such as
steam en g in es, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a to r s , m o to r s , tu rb in e s , v e n tila tin g and r e fr ig e r a t in g equipm ent,
steam b o ile r s and b o ile r - fe d w a te r pum ps; m ak in g equipm ent r e p a ir s ; and k eep in g a r e c o r d o f op eration
o f m a c h in e ry , te m p e ra tu re , and fu e l consum ption.
M a y a ls o s u p e rv is e th e s e o p e ra tio n s .
H ead o r
c h ie f en g in e e rs in e sta b lish m en ts em p lo yin g m o r e than one e n g in e e r a re exclu d ed .




M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A T O R , T O O L R O O M
S p e c ia liz e s in o p eratin g one o r m o r e than one ty p e o f m a ch in e to o l (e .g ., j i g b o r e r , g rin d in g
m a ch in e, engine la th e, m illin g m ach in e) to m ach in e m e ta l fo r use in m akin g o r m a in ta in in g jig s ,
fix tu r e s , cutting to o ls , gau ges, o r m e ta l d ies o r m o ld s u sed in shaping o r fo r m in g m e ta l o r n o n m e ta llic
m a t e r ia l (e .g ., p la s tic , p la s te r , ru b b er, g la s s ). W o rk ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s : P la n n in g and p e r fo r m in g
d iffic u lt m achining op era tio n s w hich re q u ire c o m p lic a te d setups o r a high d e g r e e o f a c c u ra c y ; settin g
up m ach in e to o l o r to o ls (e .g ., in s ta ll cutting t o o ls and adjust g u id e s , s to p s, w o rk in g t a b le s , and o th er
c o n tro ls to handle the s iz e -of stock to be m a ch in ed ; d e te r m in e p r o p e r fe e d s , sp e e d s , to o lin g , and
o p era tio n sequence o r s e le c t th ose p r e s c r ib e d in d ra w in g s , b lu e p rin ts , o r la y o u ts ); using a v a r ie t y o f
p r e c is io n m ea su rin g in stru m en ts; m aking n e c e s s a r y ad ju stm en ts d u rin g m ach in in g o p era tio n to a c h ie v e
re q u is ite d im en sion s to v e r y c lo s e to le r a n c e s . M a y be r e q u ir e d to s e le c t p r o p e r c o o la n ts and cutting
and lu b ric a tin g o ils , to re c o g n iz e when t o o ls n eed d r e s s in g , and to d r e s s to o ls . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk
o f a m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r , t o o lr o o m , at the s k ill l e v e l c a lle d f o r in th is c la s s ific a t io n re q u ir e s
e x te n s iv e know ledge o f m a ch in e-sh o p and t o o lr o o m p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ire d th rou gh c o n s id e r a b le
o n -th e -jo b tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e .
F o r c r o s s -in d u s try w age study p u rp o s e s , th is c la s s ific a t io n d oes not
o p e r a to r s , to o lr o o m , em p lo y e d in to o l- a n d - d ie jo b b in g shops.

in clu d e m a c h in e -to o l

M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E
P ro d u c e s re p la c e m e n t p a rts and new p a rts in m a k in g r e p a ir s o f m e ta l p a rts o f m e c h a n ic a l
equ ipm ent op era ted in an esta b lish m en t.
W o r k in v o lv e s m o st o f the fo llo w in g : in te r p r e tin g w ritte n
in stru ctio n s and s p e c ific a tio n s ; planning and la y in g out o f w o r k ; using a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t's han dtools
and p r e c is io n m ea su rin g in stru m en ts; settin g up and o p e ra tin g sta n d a rd m ach in e to o ls ; shaping o f m e ta l

p a rts to c lo s e t o le r a n c e s ; m a k in g stan d ard shop com putations rela tin g to d im en sion s o f w o r k , to o lin g ,
fe e d s , and speeds o f m a ch in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r tie s o f the com m on m e ta ls ; s e le c tin g
stan d ard m a t e r ia ls , p a r ts , and equ ipm en t r e q u ir e d fo r th is w o rk ; and fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a rts into
m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t.
In g e n e r a l, the m a c h in is t's w o rk n o r m a lly re q u ire s a rounded tra in in g in
m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c t ic e u su a lly a c q u ire d through a fo r m a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g
and e x p e r ie n c e .

P a in ts and r e d e c o r a te s w a lls , w o o d w o rk , and fix tu r e s o f an e s ta b lish m en t. W o rk in v o lv e s the
fo llo w in g : K n o w le d g e o f su rfa c e p e c u lia r itie s and ty p es o f paint r e q u ir e d fo r d iffe re n t a p p lication s;
p re p a rin g s u rfa c e fo r painting b y re m o v in g o ld fin is h o r by p la c in g putty o r f i l l e r in n a il h oles and
in te r s t ic e s ; and applyin g paint w ith s p ra y gun o r bru sh. M a y m ix c o lo r s , o ils , w h ite le a d , and oth er
paint in g re d ie n ts to obtain p r o p e r c o lo r o r c o n s is te n c y .
In g e n e r a l, the w o rk of the m aintenance
p a in te r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally a c q u ired th rou gh a fo r m a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r
e q u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M a in te n a n c e )
P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E
R e p a irs a u to m o b ile s , b u ses, m o to rtru c k s , and t r a c t o r s of an esta b lish m en t.
W o rk in v o lv e s
m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E x a m in in g a u to m o tive equipm ent to diagnose sou rce o f tro u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g
equ ip m en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e the use o f such handtools as w r e n c h e s , g a u g es, d r ills ,
o r s p e c ia liz e d equ ipm en t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a rts ; re p la c in g broken ox d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m
stock ; grin d in g and adju stin g v a lv e s ; r e a s s e m b lin g and in s ta llin g the va rio u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le
and marking n e c e s s a r y a d ju stm en ts; and a lign in g w h e e ls , adjusting b ra k es and lig h ts , o r tigh ten in g body
b o lts . In g e n e r a l, the w o r k o f the a u to m o tive m ech an ic r e q u ire s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally
a c q u ire d throu gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e .

r e p a ir

T h is c la s s ific a tio n d o e s not in clu d e m ech a n ics who r e p a ir c u s to m e rs ' v e h ic le s in au tom obile
shops.

M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E
R e p a irs m a c h in e ry o r m e c h a n ic a l equipm ent of an estab lish m en t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the
fo llo w in g : E xa m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n ic a l equipm ent to diagnose sou rce o f tro u b le ; dism a n tlin g
o r p a r tly d ism a n tlin g m a ch in es and p e r fo r m in g re p a ir s that m a in ly in vo lve the use o f han dtools in
s c ra p in g and fittin g p a rts ; r e p la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts w ith ite m s obtained fr o m stock ; o rd e rin g
the p rod u ction o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a rt b y a m ach in e shop o r sending o f the m ach in e to a m ach in e shop
fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p re p a r in g w ritte n s p e c ific a tio n s fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r fo r the p rodu ction of p a rts
o r d e r e d fr o m m a ch in e sh ops; re a s s e m b lin g m ach in es; and m aking a ll n e c e s s a r y ad ju stm en ts fo r
o p e ra tio n . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f a m a in ten an ce m ech an ic r e q u ire s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e
u su ally a c q u ire d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . E xclu d ed fr o m
th is c la s s ific a t io n a re w o r k e r s w h ose p r im a r y duties in v o lv e setting up o r adjusting m ach in es.

M IL L W R IG H T
In s ta lls new m a c h in e s o r h ea vy equipm ent, and d ism a n tles and in s ta lls m ach in es o r h eavy
equ ipm en t when ch an ges in the plant layou t a re re q u ire d .
W o rk in v o lv e s m o st o f the fo llo w in g :
P la n n in g and la y in g out o f the w o rk ; in te r p r e tin g b lu ep rin ts o r oth er s p e c ific a tio n s ; using a v a r ie t y o f
handtools and r ig g in g ; m akin g stan d ard shop com putations re la tin g to s tr e s s e s , stren g th o f m a te r ia ls ,
and c e n te r s o f g r a v it y ; alig n in g and b a la n cin g o f equipm ent; s e le c tin g . standard to o ls , equ ip m en t, and
p a rts to be used; and in s ta llin g and m ain ta in in g in good o r d e r p o w er tra n s m is s io n equ ipm ent such as
d r iv e s and sp eed re d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, the m illw r ig h t 's w o rk n o rm a lly r e q u ire s a rounded tra in in g and
e x p e r ie n c e in the tr a d e a c q u ire d th rou gh a fo r m a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalent tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .

In s ta lls o r r e p a ir s w a te r , ste a m , g a s , o r o th e r ty p es o f pipe and p ip e fittin g s in an e s ta b lis h ­
m en t.
W o rk in v o lv e s m ost o f the fo llo w in g : L a y in g out o f w o rk and m e a s u rin g to lo c a te p o sition o f
pip e fr o m d ra w in g s o r o th er w r itte n s p e c ific a tio n s ; cu tting v a rio u s s iz e s o f pipe to c o r r e c t lengths
w ith c h is e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e ty le n e to r c h o r p ip e -c u ttin g m a c h in e s ; th read in g pipe w ith stocks and
d ie s ; bending pipe b y h a n d -d riv e n o r p o w e r - d r iv e n m a ch in es; a s s e m b lin g pipe w ith cou plings and
fa sten in g pip e to h a n g e rs ; m akin g stan dard shop com pu tation s r e la tin g to p r e s s u r e s , flo w , and s iz e of
pip e r e q u ire d ; and m aking stan d ard t e s ts to d e te rm in e w h eth er fin is h e d pip es m eet s p e c ific a tio n s . In
g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m a in ten an ce p ip e fit t e r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e usually
a c q u ire d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e .
W o r k e r s p r im a r ily
en g a g ed in in s ta llin g and r e p a ir in g bu ildin g san itation o r h eating s y s te m s a re ex clu d ed .
S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E
F a b r ic a t e s , in s ta lls , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a ir the s h e e t-m e ta l equipm ent and fix tu re s (such
as m ach in e g u a rd s , g r e a s e pans, s h e lv e s , lo c k e r s , tan ks, v e n tila to r s , chu tes, ducts, m e ta l r o o fin g )
o f an e s ta b lish m en t. W o rk in v o lv e s m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Plan n in g and la y in g out a ll typ es o f sh eetm e ta l m ain ten an ce w o rk fr o m b lu e p rin ts , m o d e ls , o r o th e r s p e c ific a tio n s ; settin g up and o p era tin g all
a v a ila b le ty p es o f s h e e t-m e ta l w o rk in g m a c h in e s ; using a v a r ie t y o f handtools in cu ttin g, bending,
fo r m in g , shaping, fittin g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s ta llin g s h e e t-m e ta l a r t ic le s as re q u ire d . In g e n e ra l,
the w o rk o f the m ain ten an ce s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e usually
a c q u ire d th rou gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e .
T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R
C o n stru cts and r e p a ir s ji g s , fix tu r e s , cutting to o ls , g a u g es, o r m e ta l dies o r m o ld s used in
shaping o r fo rm in g m e ta l o r
n o n - m e ta llic m a t e r ia l (e .g ., p la s tic , p la s t e r ,
ru b b er, g la s s ).
W ork
ty p ic a lly in v o lv e s : Plan n in g and la y in g out w o rk a c c o rd in g to m o d e ls , b lu e p rin ts , d ra w in g s , o r oth er
w ritte n o r o r a l s p e c ific a tio n s ; u nderstanding the w o rk in g p r o p e r tie s o f com m on m e ta ls and a llo y s ;
s e le c tin g a p p ro p ria te m a t e r ia ls , to o ls , and p r o c e s s e s r e q u ir e d to c o m p le te task; m aking n e c e s s a ry
shop com pu tation ; settin g up and o p e ra tin g v a r io u s m ach in e t o o ls and re la te d equipm ent; using v a rio u s
to o l and die m a k e r 's handtools and p r e c is io n m e a s u rin g in s tru m e n ts ; w o rk in g to v e r y c lo s e to le ra n c e s ;
h e a t-tre a tin g m e ta l p a rts and fin is h e d t o o ls and d ies to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a litie s ; fittin g and
a s s e m b lin g p a rts to p r e s c r ib e d to le r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s . In g e n e r a l, to o l and die m a k e r 's w ork
r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and t o o lr o o m p r a c tic e u su ally a cqu ired throu gh fo r m a l
a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e .
F o r c r o s s - in d u s tr y w a ge study p u rp o s e s , th is c la s s ific a tio n does not inclu de to o l and die
m a k e rs who (1 ) a re e m p lo y e d in to o l and d ie jo b b in g shops o r (2 ) prod u ce fo r g in g d ie s (d ie sin k e rs ).

CUSTODIAL AND MATERIAL M O VEM EN T
GUARD AND W A TC H M E N

L A B O R E R , M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G

G u ard . P e r f o r m s rou tin e p o lic e d u ties, e ith e r at fix e d post o r on to u r, m ain tain in g o r d e r ,
using, a rm s o r fo r c e w h e re n e c e s s ; y . . In clu des guards who a re stationed at gate and ch eck on
id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th e r p e rs o n s e n te r in g .

A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a re h o u s e , m an u factu rin g plant, s to r e , o r oth er esta b lish m en t whose
du ties in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : L o a d in g and unloading v a rio u s m a te r ia ls and m erch a n d ise
on o r fr o m fr e ig h t c a r s , tru c k s , o r o th e r tra n s p o rtin g d e v ic e s ; unpacking, s h e lv in g , o r p lacin g
m a te r ia ls o r m e rc h a n d is e in p r o p e r s to ra g e lo c a tio n ; and tra n s p o rtin g m a te r ia ls o r m erch a n d ise by
handtruck, c a r , o r w h e e lb a r r o w . L o n g s h o re w o r k e r s , who load and unload ships a re e x c lu d e d .

W atch m an .
and il l e g a l en try .

M a k es

rounds o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a lly in p ro te c tin g p r o p e r ty again st f i r e , th e ft,

J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R

C lean s and k eep s in an o r d e r ly con dition fa c to r y w o rk in g a rea s and w a s h ro o m s , o r p r e m is e s
o f an o ffic e , ap artm en t h ou se, o r c o m m e r c ia l o r oth er esta b lish m en t. Duties in v o lv e a com b in a tion o f
the fo llo w in g : S w eep in g, m oppin g o r scru b b in g, and p o lish in g flo o r s ; rem o vin g ch ip s, tra s h , and oth er
r e fu s e ; dusting equ ip m en t, fu rn itu re , o r fix tu r e s ; p olish in g m e ta l fix tu re s o r tr im m in g s ; p ro v id in g
su p p lies and m in o r m a in ten an ce s e r v ic e s ; and clean in g la v a t o r ie s , sh ow ers, and r e s tr o o m s . W o r k e r s
who s p e c ia liz e in w in dow w ash in g a re exclu ded.




ORDER F IL L E R
F i l l s shipping o r tr a n s fe r o r d e r s f o r fin is h e d good s fr o m s to re d m e rc h a n d is e in acco rd a n ce
w ith s p e c ific a tio n s on s a le s s lip s , c u s to m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o th e r in s tru c tio n s .
M a y, in addition to
fillin g o r d e r s and in d ica tin g ite m s f i l l e d o r o m itte d , k eep r e c o r d s o f outgoing o r d e r s , re q u is itio n
ad d ition a l stock o r r e p o r t sh o rt su p p lies to s u p e r v is o r , and p e r fo r m o th e r re la te d duties.
P A C K E R , S H IP P IN G
P r e p a r e s fin is h e d p rod u cts fo r shipm ent o r s to r a g e by p la c in g th em in shipping co n ta in e rs ,
the s p e c ific o p e ra tio n s p e r fo r m e d b ein g dependent upon the ty p e , s iz e , and num ber o f units to be
p a ck ed , the typ e o f co n ta in e r e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f shipm ent. W o rk re q u ir e s the pla cin g o f item s
in shipping c o n ta in e rs and m a y in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f th e fo llo w in g : K n o w led ge o f v a r io u s ite m s of

stock in o r d e r to v e r i f y content; s e le c tio n o f a p p ro p ria te typ e and s iz e o f co n ta in er; in s e rtin g
en c lo s u re s in c o n ta in e r; using e x c e ls io r o r o th er m a t e r ia l to p re v e n t b re a k a g e o r d am age; c lo s in g and
sea lin g c o n ta in er; and applying la b e ls o r e n te rin g id e n tify in g data on c o n ta in e r. P a c k e r s who a ls o m ake
wooden b oxes o r c r a te s a re exclu d ed .

fo llo w s :

F o r w age study p u rp o s e s , w o r k e r s

a re c la s s ifie d

as fo llo w s :

R e c e iv in g c le r k
Shipping c le r k
Shipping and r e c e iv in g clerk ,

T R U C K D R IV E R
D r iv e s a tru c k w ith in a c ity o r in d u s tria l a r e a to tra n s p o rt m a t e r ia ls , m e rc h a n d is e , equ ipm en t,
o r w o rk e rs b etw een v a r io u s ty p es o f esta b lis h m e n ts such as: M an u factu rin g pla n ts, fr e ig h t d ep ots,
w a reh o u ses, w h o le s a le and r e t a il e s ta b lis h m e n ts , o r b etw een r e t a il esta b lis h m e n ts and c u s to m e r s '
houses o r p la c e s o f b u sin ess.
M a y a ls o lo a d o r unload tru ck w ith o r w ithout h e lp e r s , m ake m in o r
m ech a n ica l r e p a ir s , and keep tru ck in good w o rk in g o r d e r .
S a le s -r o u te and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s
a r e exclu ded.




as

T r u c k d r iv e r (com bin ation o f s iz e s lis t e d s e p a r a t e ly )
T r u c k d r iv e r , lig h t (under IV 2 to n s)
T r u c k d r iv e r , m ed iu m (IV 2 to and in clu d in g 4 to n s )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h eavy (o v e r 4 ton s, t r a i l e r ty p e )
T r u c k d r iv e r , h eavy (o v e r 4 ton s, o th er than t r a i l e r ty p e )

S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K
P r e p a r e s m e rc h a n d is e fo r sh ip m en t, o r r e c e iv e s and is re s p o n s ib le fo r in co m in g shipm ents
o f m erch a n d ise o r o th e r m a te r ia ls .
Shipping w o rk in v o lv e s : A k n ow led ge o f shipping p r o c e d u re s ,
p r a c tic e s , ro u te s , a v a ila b le m ean s o f tra n s p o rta tio n , and ra te s ; and p re p a rin g r e c o r d s o f the goods
shipped, m aking up b ills of la d in g , postin g w eigh t and shipping c h a r g e s , and k eep in g a file o f shipping
r e c o rd s . M a y d ir e c t o r a s s is t in p re p a rin g the m e rc h a n d is e fo r shipm ent. R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s :
V e r ify in g o r d ir e c tin g oth e rs in v e r ify in g the c o r r e c tn e s s o f sh ipm en ts a gain st b ills o f la d in g , in v o ic e s ,
o r oth er r e c o r d e r ch eck in g fo r sh o rta g e s and r e je c tin g d am aged go o d s; rou tin g m e rc h a n d is e o r
m a te r ia ls to p r o p e r d ep a rtm e n ts; and m ain tain in g n e c e s s a r y re c o r d s and f ile s .

F o r w age study p u rp o ses, t r u c k d r iv e r s a re c la s s ifie d b y s iz e and typ e o f equ ip m en t,
(T r a c t o r - t r a ile r should be ra ted on the b a s is o f t r a i l e r c a p a c ity .)

T R U C K E R , POW ER

goods

O p erates a m an u ally c o n tro lle d g a s o lin e - o r e le c t r ic - p o w e r e d tru ck o r t r a c t o r to tra n s p o rt
and m a te ria ls of a ll kinds about a w a re h o u s e , m a n u fa ctu rin g p lan t, o r o th e r esta b lis h m e n t.
F o r w age study p u rp o ses, w o r k e r s

a re c la s s ifie d b y ty p e o f tru c k ,

as fo llo w s :

T r u c k e r , p o w e r (fo r k lift )
T r u c k e r , p o w e r (oth et’ than f o r k lift )
W AREHOUSEM AN
A s d ire c te d , p e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f w a reh o u sin g du ties w h ich r e q u ir e am understam ding of
the e s ta b lis h m e n t's s to ra g e plan . W o rk in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : V e r ify in g m a t e r ia ls (o r
m e rc h a n d is e ) against re c e iv in g docum ents, notin g and r e p o r tin g d is c r e p a n c ie s and obviou s d a m a ges;
rou tin g m a te ria ls to p r e s c r ib e d sto ra g e lo c a tio n s ; s to r in g , s ta ck in g , o r p a lle tiz in g m a t e r ia ls in
a cco rd a n ce w ith p r e s c r ib e d s to ra g e m eth od s; r e a r r a n g in g and ta k in g in v e n to ry o f s to r e d m a t e r ia ls ;
exa m in in g sto red m a te r ia ls and rep o rtin g d e te r io r a tio n and d am age; r e m o v in g m a te ria l. fr o m s to ra g e
and p re p a rin g it fo r shipm ent. M ay o p era te hand o r p o w e r tru c k s in p e r fo r m in g w a reh o u sin g du ties.
E xclude w o rk e rs w hose p r im a r y du ties in v o lv e shipping and r e c e iv in g w o rk (s e e sh ippin g and
r e c e iv in g c le rk and p a c k e r, sh ippin g), o r d e r f illin g (s e e o r d e r f i l l e r ) , o r o p e ra tin g p o w e r tru c k s (s e e
tr u c k e r , p o w er).

Area Wage Surveys
A l i s t o f the la te s t a v a ila b le b u lle tin s o r b u lletin supplem ents is p re s e n te d b elo w .
A d ir e c t o r y o f a r e a w a ge stu dies inclu ding m o r e lim ite d stu dies conducted at the re q u e s t o f the E m p loym en t
Standards A d m in is tr a tio n o f the D e p a rtm e n t o f L a b o r is a v a ila b le on req u est.
B u lle tin s m a y be pu rch ased fr o m any o f the B L S re g io n a l o ffic e s shown on the back c o v e r .
B u lle tin supplem ents m a y be
ob ta in e d -w ith o u t c o s t, w h e r e in d ica ted , fr o m B L S re g io n a l o ffic e s .
B u lle tin num ber
and p r ic e *
F ree
Suppl.
A k ro n , O h io , D ec. 1974 _____________________________________
A lb a n y—S chenectady—T r o y , N .Y ., Sept. 1975 1__ ____ ____
1850-63, $ 1.20
______ __________ ______Suppl,
F ree
A lb u q u erq u e, N. M e x ., M a r . 1974 2 _______________________
___________ __ ___ ______Suppl.
F ree
A lle n to w n —B e th le h e m —E a ston , P a ,—N .J ., M a y 1974
85 cents
A n a h eim —Santa A n a -G a rd e n G r o v e , C a lif., O c t. 19741 _____ ___________ ____________ 1850-9,
$ 1.00
1850-25,
A tla n ta , G a ., M a y 19751 _____________________________________________________________________ ______________
F ree
A u stin , T e x ., D e c . 1974 ____________________________________________________________________Suppl.
B a lt im o r e , M d ., A u g . 1975*1_______________________________________________________________ 1850-62, $1.30
F ree
B e a u m o n t-P o r t A rth u r—O ra n g e , T e x ., 'M a y 19742 ____________________________________ Suppl.
B illin g s , M o n t., J u ly 1975
_______________________________________________________________ 1850-46, 65 cents
B in gh am ton , N . Y r - P a , , J u ly 107 5
,
___ ______________ _____________________________ 1850-50, 65 cents
F ree
B irm in g h a m , A ia ., M a r . 1975_____________________________________________________________ Suppl.
B oston , M a s s ., A u g. 1 9 7 5 *_________________________________________________________________ 1850-58 $1.05
B u ffa lo , N .Y ., O ct. 1975*1___________________________________________________________________ 1850-69 95 cen ts
F ree
Canton, O h io, M a y 1975 ___________________________________________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
C h a rle s to n , W . V a „ M a r . 19742 _________________________________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
C h a r lo tte , N .C ., Jan. 19742 _______________________________________________________________ Suppl.
C h attan ooga, Ten n .—G a ., Sept. 1975 *L____________________________________________________ 1850-67, 85 cents
C h ic a g o , 111., M a y 1975____ r________________________________________________________________ 1850-33, 85 cen ts
F ree
C in c in n a ti, O h io—K y «—In d., F e b . 1975 ___________________________________________ _______ Suppl,
C le v e la n d , O h io, Sept. 1975_
__ 1850-64, $1.30 *
F ree
_______Suppl.
C olu m b u s, O h io, O c t. 1974 __________
C orp u s C h r is t i, T e x ., J u ly 1975____ r
1850-37, 65 cents
D a lla s —F o r t W o rth , T e x ., O c t. 1975*
________ 1850-59, $1.50
F ree
D a v e n p o r t-R o c k Islan d—M o lin e , I o w a - I ll., F e b . 1975
________ Suppl.
_________ 1850-14, 80 cents
D ayton , O h io, D ec. 1 9 7 4 *_____ ___ __ _____ _____ _______ _ _
_________ 1850-47, 65 cents
D ayton a B e a c h , F la . , A u g. 1975__
D e n v e r—B o u ld e r, C o lo ., D e c . 1 9 7 4 * ______
1850-15, 85 cents
F ree
D es M o in e s , Iow a , M a y 19742 ____________________________________________________________ Suppl.
D e tr o it, M ic h ., M a r . 1975__________________________________________________________________ 1850-22, 85 cents
F o r t L a u d e r d a le -H o lly w o o d and W e s t P a lm B e a c h ________ 1850-26, 80 cents
B o c a R a to n , F la . , A p r . 1975 * _______________________
F r e s n o , C a lif., June 1975 * _____________ _______ ___ ____
________ 1850-61, $ 1.20
G a in e s v ille , F la ., Sept. 1975____ ,________________________________________________ ________ 1850-57, $ 1.10
G re e n B a y , W is ., J u ly 1975 *.____________________________________________________ ________ 1850-44, 80 cents
G r e e n s b o r o - W in s to n -S a le m -H ig h P o in t, N .C ., A u g. 1975__________________ ________ 1850-49, 65 cents
G r e e n v ille , S .C ., June 1975____ [_________________________________________________ ________ 1850-42, 65 cents
H a r tfo r d , C onn., M a r . 1 9 7 5 * ____ ________________________________________________ ________ 1850-28, 80 cents
F ree
H ouston, T e x ., A p r . 1975________________________ _______________________________ ________Suppl.
F ree
________Suppl.
H u n ts v ille , A la ., F e b . 1975 _____________________________________________________
In d ia n a p o lis , Ind., O c t. 1 9 7 5 * _______________________________ ___________________
1850-66, 95 cen ts
F ree
______ Suppl.
J a ck so n , M is s . , F e b . 1975____ -______________ __________________________ _
__ ____ ___ Suppl.
F ree
J a c k s o n v ille , F la ., D e c . 1974 _________________________
K a n s a s C ity , M o < -K a n s ., S ept. 1975___ ______________
__ 1850-55, 80 cents
F ree
L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h ill, M a s s N . H . , June 19742 _____________________ ___________ _____ Suppl
F ree
L e x ln g to n - F a y e tte , K y ., N o v . 1974 _______________________________________________________Suppl.
F ree
L o s A n g e le s —L o n g B ea ch , C a lif., O c t. 1974 ___________________________________________ Suppl.
L o u is v ille , K y «- In d ., N o v . 1 9 7 4 * __________________________________________________________ 1850-12, 80 cen ts
F ree
Lu b b ock , T e x . , M a r . 1974 2 _________________________ _____________________________________ Suppl.
M e lb o u r n e - T it u s v ille - C o c o a , F la ., A u g . 1975_________________________________________ 1850-54, 65 cents
F ree
M e m p h is , Tenn.—A r k .—M i s s ., N o v . 1974 __________________________________________ ___ Suppl.
F ree
M ia m i, F la . , O c t. 1974 _____ ;_______________________________________________________________ Suppl.
*
1
2
3

Prices are determined by the Government Printing Office and are subject to change.
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.
No longer surveyed.
To be surveyed.




A rea

B u lletin num ber
and p r ic e *

F ree
M idland and O d e s s a , T e x ., Jan. 19742 _____________________________________________________ Suppl.
M ilw a u k ee, W is ., A p r . 197 5 *________________________________________________________________ 1850-21, 85 cents
M in n ea p olis—St. P a u l, M inn.—W is ., Jan 1 9 7 5 * ____________________________________________ 1850-20, $1.05
M u sk egon -M u sk egon H eig h ts, M ic h ., June 1974 2 __ _____ ___ _____ _____ __ ______________ Suppl.
F ree
N a s s a u—S u ffolk, N . Y . , June 1 9 7 5 *___ ___________________________________ ___________________ 1850-39, $1.00
N e w a rk , N .J ., Jan. 197 5 *____ ______________________________________ — ------------------------------ 1850-18, $1.00
N e w a rk and J e r s e y C ity , N .J ., Jan. 19742 _______________ __________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
N ew H aven, C onn., Jan. 19742 _______________ ______ _____________ ___ ______ _____________ Suppl.
F ree
N ew O rle a n s , L a ., Jan. 1975 _____________________________________ —— ------------------------ Suppl.
F ree
N ew Y o r k , N .Y .- N .J .. M a y 1 9 7 5 * __________________________________________________________ 1850-45, $1.10
N ew Y o r k and N assau —S u ffolk, N .Y ., A p r . 1974 2 ______________________________ _____ —— Suppl.
F ree
N o rfo lk —V ir g in ia B each —P o rts m o u th , V a ,—N .C ., M a y 1975 _________ ____________ ______ 1850-29, 65 cents
N o rfo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h -P o rts m o u th and N e w p o r t N ew s—
H am pton, V a .- N .C ., M ay 1975___ . . . . ______________________________________________________ 1850-30. 65 cents
N o rth e a s t P e n n s y lv a n ia , A u g. 1075
__ ____________________ ________ ___ _______________ _ 1850-52, 65 cents
O k lah om a C ity , O k la ., A u g. 1975___ ,_______________________________________________________ 1850-51, 65 cents
O m ah a, N e b r ,—Iow a, O c t. 197 5_________ ___ _________________________________________________ 1850-56, $1.10
P ate r so n- C l if ton—P as s a ic , N .J ., June 1975*___________________ -_________________________ 1850-38, 80 cents
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ^ N . J „ N o v . 1975__________________________________________________________ 1850-65, 85 cents
P h o en ix , A r i z . , June 1974 2 ______ ____ _______ ____ __ ______________________________ —---------- Suppl.
F ree
P itts b u rg h , P a ., Jan. 1975 ___________________________________________________________________Suppl.
F ree
P o rtla n d , M a in e, N o v . 1974______________________________ __________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
P o rtla n d , O r e g .—W ash ., M a y 1975_____ ____ __________________________ _ __________________ 1850-40, 75 cents
P o u g h k e e p s ie , N .Y ., June 1 9 7 5 * ™ _____________ ____ _____ —---------------------------------------- 1850-70, 65 cents
P o u g h k e e p s ie -K in g s to n -N e w b u rg h , N .Y ., June 1975*.___________________________________ 1850-68, 75 cents
P r o v id e n c e —W a rw ick —P a w tu ck et, R .I.- M a s s ., June 1975 _____________ _____ ___________ 1850-27, 75 cents
R a le ig b -D u rh a m , N .C ., F e b . 1975 ____ _______ ______________________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
R ich m on d , V a ., June 1975
_____________ ______________________ ___ __ __________________ 1850-41, 65 cents
R o c k fo rd , 111., June 19742 ___________________________________________________________________Suppl.
F ree
St. L o u is , M o ^ U l. , M a r . 1975 ______________________________________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
S a cra m en to , C a lif., D e c . 1 9 7 4 * ______________ _____________________________________________ 1850-19, 80 cents
Saginaw , M ic h ., N o v . 1975____ ____________ ________ _____ _____ ____________ —_____ __ ______ 1850-71, 35 cents
S a lt L a k e C ity—O gden , U tah, N o v . 1974 ___________________ __ ___________ ___ __________ __ Suppl.
F ree
San A n ton io, T e x ., M a y 1975 ________________________________________________________________ 1850-23, 65 cents
San D ie g o , C a lif., N o v . 1 9 7 4 * _______________________________________________________________ 1850-13, 80 cents
San F ra n c is c o -O a k la n d , C a lif., M a r . 197 5 *______________________________________________ 1850-35, $1.00
San J o s e , C a lif., M a r . 1975 1
_______
. .- ________ 1850-36, 85 cents
Savannah, G a., M a y 19742 ___________________________________________________________________Suppl.
F ree
S ea ttle—E v e r e tt, W a sh ., Jan. 1975 __________________________... — __________________________ Suppl.
F ree
South Bend, Ind., M a r . 1975 _________
.
____________ ______ _________________ __ Suppl.
F ree
Spokane, W ash ., June 19742 ________________________________________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
S y ra c u s e , N .Y ., J u ly 1975
_________________ _______________ ___ ______________________ 1850-43, 65 cents
T o le d o , O h io -M ic h ., M a y 1 9 7 5 *____________________________________________________________ 1850-34, 80 cents
T re n to n , N .J ., Sept, 1975*___________________________________________________________________ 1850-60, $1.20
U tic a -R o m e , N .Y ., July 1 9 7 5 * ______________________________________________________________ 1850-48, 80 cents
W ashington, D . C ^ M d ^ V a . , M a r . 197 5 *___________________________________________________ 1850-31, $1.00
W a te rb u ry , Conn., M a r . 1974 2 _____________________________________________________________ Suppl.
F ree
W e s tc h e s te r County, N .Y ., M a y 1 9 7 5 *_____________________________________________________ 1850-53, 80 cents
W ic h ita , K a n s ., A p r . 1975____________________________________________________________________Suppl.
F ree
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ., M a y 1 9 7 5 * _____ _______________________ ________________________________ 1850-24, 80 cents
Y o r k , P a ., F e b . 1 9 7 5 * _______________________________________________________________________ 1850-32, 80 cents
You n gstow n —W a r r e n , O h io, N o v . 1973 2 __ ___
.. _________ ____ ______ __ ___ Suppl.
F ree

r

THIRD CLASS MAIL
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20212

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR

OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300

LAB - 441

B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S
R egion I

R e gion II

1603 J F K F e d e ra l B u ild in g
G o v e rn m e n t C e n te r
B o sto n , Mass. 0 2 2 0 3
P h o n e :2 23-6 76 1 (A re a C o de 6 1 7)

S u ite 3 4 0 0
15 1 5 B ro a d w a y
N e w Y o rk , N .Y . 1 00 36
P h o n e : 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5 (A re a C o de 2 1 2 )

C o n n e c tic u t
M aine
M assachusetts
N e w H a m p s h ire
R h o d e Isla n d
V e rm o n t

N e w Jersey
New Y o rk
P u e rto R ic o
V ir g in Island s

Region V
9 th F lo o r, 2 30 S. D e a rb o rn S t.
C hicago, III. 606 04
P h o n e :3 5 3 -1 8 8 0 (A re a C o de 3 1 2 )
I llin o is
In d ia n a
M ic h ig a n
M in n e s o ta
O h io
W iscon
sin
for
FRASER

Digitized


R e g io n V I

R e gion I II

R e g io n IV

P.O. B o x 13 309
P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 191 01
P h o n e : 5 9 6 -1 1 5 4 (A re a C o d e 2 1 5 )
D e la w a re
D is tr ic t o f C o lu m b ia
M a ry la n d
P e n n s y lv a n ia
V irg in ia
W est V irg in ia

R e gions V I I a n o V I I I

S e cond F lo o r
5 5 5 G r i f f in S q uare B u ild in g
D allas, T e x . 7 5 2 0 2
P h o n e : 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (A re a C o d e 2 1 4 )

F ed era l O ff ic e B u ild in g
911 W a ln u t S t., 15 th F lo o r
Kansas C ity , M o . 6 4 1 0 6
P h o n e :3 7 4 - 2 4 8 1 (A re a C o de 8 16 )

L o u is ia n a
Jew M e x ic o
O k la h o m a
T exas

V II
Io w a
Kansas
M is s o u ri
N e bra ska

S u ite 54 0
1371 Peachtree St. M E .
A tla n ta , Ga. 3 03 09
P h o n e :5 26 -5 4 1 8 (A re a C ode 4 0 4 )
A la b a m a
F lo rid a
G eorgia
K e n tu c k y
M ississippi
N o rth C a ro lin a
S o u th C a ro lin a
T ennessee

*

m

#

R e gions IX a n d X
45 0 G o ld e n G ate Ave.
B o x 360 1 7
San F ran c is c o , C a lif. 9 4 1 0 2
P h o n e :5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (A re a C o d e 41 5)

VIII

IX

X

C o lo ra d o
M o n ta n a
N o rth D a k o ta
S o u th D a k o ta
U ta h
W y o m in g

A riz o n a
C a lifo rn ia
H a w a ii
Nevada

A laska
Ida h o
O reg on
W a s h in g to n

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