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L $.3: / 7 ? < T - 7 AREA WAGE SURVEY R aleigh, N orth Carolina, M e tro p o lita n A rea, D ecem ber 1973 Bulletin 1795-7 D n &M n o ery Co. ayto o tg m Public Library MAY 9 I 97 4 do ent c llec n cum o tio U S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR _ _ Bureau of Labor Statistics ANNOUNCEMENT B egin n in g w ith the 1795 s e r ie s , A r e a W a ge S u rv e y s w i l l be is s u e d as b u lle tin s (f o r s a le ) o n ly e v e r y th ird y e a r . T h e s e b u lle tin s w i l l con tain in fo rm a tio n on e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p lem e n ta ry b e n e fits as w e ll as e a r n in g s . In the in t e r im y e a r s , su p p lem en ts con tain in g data on e a rn in g s o n ly w i l l b e is s u e d f r e e . Su pplem en ts can be ob ta in ed f r o m B L S R e g io n a l O ffic e s lis t e d on the b ack c o v e r o f th is p u b lica tion . Preface T h is b u lle tin p r o v id e s r e s u lts o f a D e c e m b e r 1973 s u r v e y o f o c c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and s u p p lem e n ta ry w a g e b e n e fits in the R a le ig h , N o rth C a ro lin a , Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a (W a k e C ou n ty). T h e s u r v e y w as m ad e as p a r t o f the B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s ' annual a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m . T h e p r o g r a m is d e s ig n e d to y ie ld data fo r in d iv id u a l m e tro p o lita n a r e a s , as w e ll as n a tion al and r e g io n a l e s tim a te s f o r a ll Standard M e tr o p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a s in the U n ited States, ex c lu d in g A la s k a and H a w a ii. A m a jo r c o n s id e r a tio n in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m is the need to d e s c r ib e the le v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a v a r ie t y o f la b o r m a rk e ts , th rough the a n a ly s is o f (1 ) the l e v e l and d is trib u tio n o f w a g e s b y o ccu p atio n , and (2 ) the m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s b y occu p a tio n a l c a te g o r y and s k ill l e v e l . Th e p r o g r a m d e v e lo p s in fo rm a tio n that m a y be u sed fo r m any p u rp o s e s , in clu d in g w a g e and s a la r y a d m in is tr a tio n , c o lle c t iv e b a rg a in in g , and a s s is ta n c e in d e te rm in in g plant lo c a tio n . S u rv e y r e s u lts a ls o a r e u sed by th e U .S. D e p a rtm e n t o f L a b o r to m ak e w a g e d e te rm in a tio n s u n der the S e r v ic e C o n tra c t A c t o f 1965. C u rr e n tly , 94 a r e a s a r e in clu d ed in the p r o g r a m . (S e e l i s t o f a r e a s on in s id e b ack c o v e r.) In each a r e a , oc c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s data a r e c o lle c te d an nually. In fo r m a tio n on e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e b e n e fits , c o lle c te d e v e r y secon d y e a r in the past, is now ob tain ed e v e r y th ird y e a r . R e s u lts o f the next tw o annual s u r v e y s , p ro v id in g e a rn in g s data o n ly, w ill be is s u e d as f r e e su p p lem en ts to this b u lle tin . T h e su p p lem en ts m a y be ob ta in ed fr o m the B u re a u 's r e g io n a l o f f ic e s . (S e e b ack c o v e r fo r a d d r e s s e s .) E ach y e a r a ft e r a ll in d iv id u a l a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s h a ve b een c o m p le te d , tw o su m m a r y b u lle tin s a r e is s u e d . Th e f i r s t b rin g s to g e th e r data fo r each m e tro p o lita n a r e a su rveyed. T he second s u m m a ry b u lle tin p re s e n ts n a tion al and r e g io n a l e s tim a te s , p r o je c t e d f r o m in d iv id u a l m e tr o p o lita n a r e a data. The R a le ig h s u r v e y was con du cted b y the B u re a u 's r e g io n a l o ffic e in A tla n ta , G a., under the g e n e r a l d ir e c tio n o f D onald M . C ru s e , A s s o c ia t e A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r fo r O p e ra tio n s . The s u r v e y could not have b een a c c o m p lis h e d w ithout the c o o p e ra tio n o f the m an y fir m s w h ose w age and s a la r y data p ro v id e d the b a s is fo r the s ta tis tic a l in fo rm a tio n in this b u lle tin . Th e B u reau w is h e s to e x p r e s s s in c e r e a p p re c ia tio n fo r the c o o p e ra tio n r e c e iv e d . Note: A c u r r e n t r e p o r t on oc c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and s u p p lem e n ta ry w a g e p r o v is io n s is a v a ila b le f o r the R a le ig h —D u rham a r e a . A ls o a v a ila b le f o r the R a le ig h a r e a a r e lis tin g s o f union w a g e r a te s f o r s e v e n s e le c te d b u ild in g tr a d e s . F r e e c o p ie s o f th es e a r e a v a ila b le fr o m the B u re a u 's r e g io n a l o f f ic e s . (S e e b a c k c o v e r f o r a d d r e s s e s .) AREA W AGE SURVEY v B u lle tin 1 7 9 5 -7 April 1974 U.S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R , Peter J. Brennan, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S , Julius Shiskin, Commissioner R a le ig h , N o rth C a ro lin a , M e tro p o lita n A re a , D e c e m b e r 1 9 7 3 CONTENTS Page 2 In trod u ctio n T a b le s : A. E a rn in g s : W e e k ly ea rn in g s o f o f f ic e w o r k e r s A - 1. W e e k ly ea rn in g s o f p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l w o r k e r s A - 2. A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f o ff ic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and te c h n ic a l w o r k e r s , b y s e x A - 3. H o u rly e a rn in g s o f m ain ten a n ce and p o w e rp la n t w o r k e r s A - 4. H o u rly e a rn in g s o f c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t w o r k e r s A - 5. A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s o f m ain ten an ce, p o w e rp la n t, c u s to d ia l, and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t w o r k e r s , b y s e x A - 6. In d exes o f e a rn in g s fo r s e le c te d occu p a tio n a l grou p s and p e rc e n ts o f in c r e a s e fo r s e le c te d p e rio d s A - 7. P e rc e n ts o f in c r e a s e in a v e r a g e h o u r ly ea rn in g s fo r s e le c te d occu p a tio n a l g ro u p s, adjusted fo r e m p lo y m e n t sh ifts A - 8. B. s ta b lis E stab l h m en t p r a c t ic e s and s u p p lem e n ta ry w a g e p ro v is io n s : B -l. M in im u m en tra n ce s a la r ie s f o r in e x p e r ie n c e d ty p is ts and c le r k s B -2 . L a t e - s h ift pay p r o v is io n s f o r m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s B -3 . Scheduled w e e k ly h ou rs and days o f f ir s t - s h if t w o r k e r s B -4 . Annual paid h o lid a y s B -4 a . Id e n tific a tio n o f m a jo r paid h o lid a y s P a id va c a tio n p ro v is io n s B -5 . B -6 . H ealth , in s u ra n ce , and p en sion plan p ro v is io n s 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 19 21 24 A p p e n d ix A . A p p e n d ix B. Scope and m ethod o f s u r v e y O ccu p ation al d e s c r ip tio n s F o r s a le b y th e S u p e r in t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s , U .S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g to n , D .C . 2 0 4 0 2 , G P O B o o k s t o r e s , o r B L S R e g io n a l O ff ic e s lis te d o n b a c k c o v e r . P r ic e 6 5 c e n ts . M a k e c h e c k s p a y a b le t o S u p e r in t e n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s . 1 In tro d u c tio n T h is a r e a is 1 o f 94 in w h ich the U.S. D e p a rtm e n t o f L a b o r 's B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s con du cts s u rv e y s o f oc c u p a tio n a l e a rn in g s and r e la te d b e n e fits on an a r e a w id e b a s is . In th is a r e a , data w e r e ob tain ed b y p e rs o n a l v is it s o f B u re a u f ie ld e c o n o m is ts to r e p r e s e n ta tiv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g; t r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r pu b lic u t ilit ie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a il tr a d e ; fin a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u s try g ro u p s e x c lu d e d fr o m th e s e stu d ies a r e g o v e rn m e n t o p e ra tio n s and the c o n s tru c tio n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s tr ie s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts havin g f e w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m b er o f w o r k e r s a r e o m itte d b eca u se o f in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n s stu died. S e p a ra te tab u la tion s a r e p ro v id e d f o r ea c h o f the b ro a d in d u s try d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lica tion c r it e r ia . plant w o r k e r s . T h e f i r s t o f th e s e , ta b le A - 7 , m e a s u r e s ch an ges in a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f the fo u r oc c u p a tio n a l gro u p s o v e r t im e . W h e re p o s s ib le , data a r e p re s e n te d fo r a ll in d u s tr ie s and m a n u fa c tu rin g. T a b le A - 8 p re s e n ts a n oth er m e a s u re o f w a g e m o v e m e n ts . T he p e rc e n ts o f change r e p o r te d fo r the oc c u p a tio n a l gro u p s a r e com p u ted to e lim in a te ch an ges in a v e r a g e e a rn in g s cau sed b y e m p lo y m e n t sh ifts am ong e s ta b lis h m e n ts as w e ll as tu r n o v e r o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts in clu d ed in s u r v e y s a m p le s . W h e re p o s s ib le , data a ls o a r e p re s e n te d fo r n o n m an u fa ctu rin g. A p p e n d ix A d is c u s s e s m o r e fu lly d iffe r e n c e s b etw een th es e ta b le s . B - s e r ie s ta b le s T h e B - s e r ie s ta b le s p re s e n t in fo rm a tio n on m in im u m e n tra n ce s a la r ie s fo r o ffic e w o r k e r s ; la t e - s h ift pay p r o v is io n s and p r a c t ic e s fo r plant w o r k e r s in m a n u fa c tu rin g; and data s e p a ra te ly f o r plant and o f f ic e w o r k e r s on sch ed u led w e e k ly hou rs and days o f f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s ; p aid h o lid a y s ; p aid v a c a tio n s ; and h ealth , in s u ra n c e , and p en sion p la n s . A - s e r i e s ta b le s T a b le s A - l th rou gh A - 6 p r o v id e e s tim a te s o f s tr a ig h t- tim e h o u r ly o r w e e k ly e a r n in g s fo r w o r k e r s in o ccu p atio n s com m o n to a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa c tu rin g and n on m an u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s . O ccu p ation s w e r e s e le c te d f r o m the fo llo w in g c a t e g o r ie s : (a ) O ffic e c l e r i c a l , (b ) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l, (c ) m a in te n a n c e and p o w e rp la n t, and (d ) c u s to d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t. In the 22 la r g e s t s u r v e y a r e a s , ta b le s A - l a th ro u gh A - 6 a p r o v id e s im ila r data f o r e s ta b lis h m e n ts e m p lo y in g 500 w o rk ers or m o re. A p p e n d ix e s T h is b u lle tin has tw o a p p en d ixes. A p p e n d ix A d e s c r ib e s the m eth od s and c o n ce p ts u sed in the a r e a w age s u r v e y p r o g r a m and p r o v id e s in fo rm a tio n on the scop e o f the a r e a s u rv e y . It a ls o p r o v id e s i n f o r m a tio n on la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n t c o v e r a g e . A p p e n d ix B p r o v id e s jo b d e s c r ip tio n s u sed b y B u reau f ie ld e c o n o m is ts to c la s s ify w o r k e r s in occu p a tio n s fo r w h ich s tr a ig h t-tim e e a rn in g s in fo rm a tio n is p re s e n te d . F o llo w in g the o c c u p a tio n a l w a g e ta b le s a r e tw o ta b le s p ro v id in g in d e x e s and p e r c e n ts o f chan ge in a v e r a g e e a rn in g s o f o f f ic e c le r ic a l w o r k e r s , in d u s tr ia l n u rs e s , s k ille d m ain ten a n ce w o r k e r s , and u n sk ille d 2 A. Earnings Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 Weekly earnings 1 (standard) Number O c c u p a t io n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n of Mean ^ Median ^ Middle ranged s $ t 70 weekly hours 1 (standard Num be r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tra ig h t-tim e w e e k ly earn in gs o f--* Average s S s s s 105 110 110 115 s $ 115 120 120 130 26 4 28 5 23 » 5 s 5 * s * % 75 80 85 90 95 100 80 85 90 95 100 105 2 1 3 " _ - - - 3 12 1 1 8 - - - 3 3 3 1 2 A 7 4 A 22 35 40 7 33 50 14 36 31 22 26 6 - - - - 19 5 17 - 27 24 15 18 25 3 6 4 A 4 A _ - _ - _ 2 3 3 - - - “ “ - - - - - - 1 1 - * - - - - - - 200 s 210 130 1AO 150 160 170 180 190 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 29 9 14 1 1 2 9 3 t 220 and under 75 230 MEN AND WOMEN COMBINED BO OKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------------------ 15 3 9 .5 $ $ $ $ 1 1 4 .5 0 1 2 5 .5 0 1 0 1 .5 0 -1 2 8 .0 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -------MA NUFACTURING --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 177 42 135 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 1 3 4 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 1 3 4 .0 0 1 2 9 .0 0 1 3 4 .5 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 1 6 .5 0 -1 4 7 .5 0 1 1 8 .5 0 -1 4 4 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 -1 5 1 .5 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B -------MANUFACTURING --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 330 55 275 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 1 1 3 .5 0 1 0 6 .5 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 0 8 .5 0 1 0 7 .5 0 1 0 9 .0 0 9 9 .0 0 - 1 2 4 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 -1 1 3 .0 0 9 8 .5 0 - 1 3 0 .5 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B --------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ----- ------------ 22 1 1 3 .0 0 1 1 4 .5 0 1 1 0 .5 0 19 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 111.00 1 0 2 .0 0 -1 1 9 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 -1 2 0 .0 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C --------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 131 130 3 8 .0 3 8 .0 8 9 .0 0 8 9 .0 0 9 1 .5 0 9 1 .5 0 8 0 .5 0 - 9 6 .5 0 8 0 .5 0 - 9 6 .5 0 15 15 CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------------MANUFACTURING --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 52 32 20 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 1 2 1 .5 0 1 1 3 .0 0 1 3 5 .5 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 1 2 .5 0 1 3 4 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 -1 3 3 .5 0 1 0 5 .5 0 -1 1 9 .5 0 1 1 5 .5 0 -1 4 6 .0 0 108 27 81 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 1 2 3 .0 0 1 2 4 .5 0 1 2 2 .5 0 1 1 9 .5 0 1 0 8 .0 0 -1 3 1 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 -1 4 2 .5 0 1 0 6 .0 0 -1 3 1 .0 0 141 1 0 3 .0 0 1 0 5 .5 0 1 0 2 .5 0 102.00 KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A ------------------ MANUFACTURING --------------------NO NMANUFACTURING ----------------KEYPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -------MANUFACTURING --------------------NO NM ANUFACTURING ----------------- 20 121 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 MESSENGERS (OFFICE BOYS AND GIRLSINONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 42 38 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 SECRETARIES --------------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 366 76 290 63 SECRETARIES, CLASS A -------------- 120.00 1 1 9 .5 0 - “ - - - - - - - 16 16 23 5 18 _ _ - - - 5 - * - - A 2 1 17 17 14 14 9 9 34 34 29 28 10 10 2 2 - - _ - 5 - - - A 3 16 17 1 8 - * - * - 2 1 1 “ 1 - _ _ - 8 9 2 - - - - - “ 1A A - “ 8 9 2 10 - 1 2 2 15 - 9 - 17 5 15 18 3 15 1 9 - - 5 - - 5 A A A 3 13 5 26 102.00 9 3 .0 0 - 1 1 3 .0 0 9 7 .0 0 - 1 1 9 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 - 1 1 3 .0 0 100.00 9 8 .5 0 9 9 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 - 1 0 4 .0 0 9 1 .0 0 - 1 0 4 .5 0 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 1 3 7 .0 0 1 3 8 .5 0 1 3 7 .0 0 1 5 2 .0 0 1 3 4 .0 0 1 3 8 .0 0 1 3 3 .0 0 1 4 9 .0 0 1 2 1 .0 0 -1 5 2 .0 0 1 2 6 .0 0 -1 4 9 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 -1 5 3 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 -1 7 6 .5 0 - - _ - - - - - - - 20 3 9 .0 1 3 8 .0 0 1 3 8 .0 0 1 2 5 .5 0 -1 4 9 .5 0 - - - - SECRETARIES, CLASS B -------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 83 74 19 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 4 7 .0 0 1 7 5 .5 0 1 4 1 .0 0 1 2 5 .5 0 -1 6 1 .0 0 1 4 4 .5 0 1 2 6 .0 0 -1 6 4 .0 0 1 8 0 .0 0 1 5 8 .5 0 - 1 9 0 .0 0 - - - - - - 4 “ - - - 4 SECRETARIES, CLASS C -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 88 20 68 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 3 8 .5 1 4 9 .5 0 1 5 7 .0 0 1 4 7 .5 0 1 5 1 .0 0 1 4 7 .5 0 1 5 2 .0 0 1 3 3 .5 0 -1 6 8 .0 0 1 4 0 .5 0 -1 7 2 .0 0 1 3 0 .5 0 -1 6 7 .0 0 - - - SECRETARIES, CLASS D -------------MA NUFACTURING --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 175 37 138 32 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 1 2 7 .0 0 1 3 3 .0 0 1 2 5 .5 0 1 3 7 .0 0 1 2 7 .5 0 1 3 3 .0 0 1 2 6 .0 0 1 3 7 .5 0 1 1 6 .5 0 -1 3 9 .0 0 1 2 2 .5 0 -1 4 6 .0 0 1 1 6 .0 0 -1 3 7 .0 0 1 2 9 .0 0 - 1 4 7 .0 0 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG --------------- — 126 108 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 1 1 6 .5 0 1 1 7 .5 0 1 1 7 .5 0 1 1 8 .0 0 1 0 4 .5 0 -1 2 3 .0 0 1 0 6 .0 0 -1 2 3 .5 0 9 9 .5 0 1 0 5 .5 0 “ - - 2 1 0 6 A - - 6 - A - 13 3 - - - - • 9 2 2 7 17 2A 1 0 8 A 18 10 9 17 A 13 4 _ i 5 _ _ 6 6 “ - 19 17 i 8 7 7 30 5 17 25 1 3 2 1 3 2 2 - - - - - - - _ _ 2 * 1 1 _ - - - - “ - “ - - * “ - 1 1 1 5 6 2 1 66 15 51 * 1 - - 4 - - 2 3 1 - - . . - - - - 1 1 _ - - - A8 19 29 1 1 2 1 1 8 * 2 4 4 A A 7 7 12 10 1 1 * “ 2 “ 2 1 1 19 14 3 1 2 - 2 - - 68 10 * 7 58 7 15 3 A - 4 9 22 6 1 - 3 3 7 5 - 2 2 5 10 - - 3 3 A - 6 2 4 - 8 8 1 7 “ 6 3 - 3 A 3 - 3 3 9 - 25 5 2 - 1 6 2 2 _ 19 - 9 2 4 - 15 8 6 3 4 - 1 1 14 1 1 - - 3 3 13 3 2 20 “ “ _ - 8 8 - - - 2 24 “ “ See footn otes at end o f ta b le s . 2 - 1 2 12 1 2 1 1 1 13 A 9 " u u 2 A 2 - - - A 2 3 1 1 - - - - 2 6 6 4 4 2 1 1 1 - 5 2 2 1 4 2 - 4 - 2 10 8 6 6 4 3 15 4 1 0 1 2 1 1 7 \3 12 45 33 23 12 A 5 2 2 - 9 2 1 25 15 11 6 7 5 “ 1 _ _ - - - - - - - - - “ “ * “ - - - - - “ 7 - 5 * 12 1 17 “ 2 1 9 2 5 45 6 5 1 21 5 l 43 17 6 5 7 1 2 1 5 8 2 1 4 8 2 - - 9 2 6 39 7 2 2 2 4 17 15 2 5 - 11 8 10 7 - 11 13 A 7 - “ - 29 A 25 34 7 27 " . 1 2 2 - 2 * Table A-1. Weekly earnings of office workers in Raleigh, N.C. December 1973— Continued Weekly earnings 1 (standard) Number of workere Average weekly hourc1 [standard) N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t-tim e w e e k ly e a rn in g s of— * $ % $ s s S s $ 1 S S S s s s s s s 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 75 O c c u p a t io n and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 - - 1 1 1 - 2 2 9 1 10 27 9 11 9 - - - - 1 * 1 5 4 22 6 23 2 2 1 19 - 16 6 13 7 18 4 2 - - - - 2 2 _ 4 4 70 Mean ^ Median ^ Middle ranged and under MEN ANO WOMEN CO MBINED — CO NT IN UE D ST EN OGRAPHERS. SE NI OR ----------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ----------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------------PUBLIC UT ILITIES ----------------- 137 62 75 29 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 $ $ $ $ 1 3 7 .0 0 1 3 3 .0 0 1 1 9 .5 0 -1 4 8 .5 0 1 3 3 .5 0 1 3 3 .0 0 1 1 7 .5 0 -1 5 0 .0 0 1 4 0 .0 0 1 3 3 .5 0 1 2 3 .5 0 -1 4 7 .5 0 1 5 9 .0 0 1 4 5 .0 0 1 3 1 .0 0 -1 9 7 .0 0 SW IT CH BO AR D OPERATORS, CLASS B ----N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------------- 30 26 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 1 0 7 .5 0 1 1 1 .5 0 SW IT CH BO AR D O P E R A T OR -R EC EP TI ON IS TS M A N U FA CT UR IN G ----------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------------- 83 26 57 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 102.00 T R A N S C R I BI NG -M AC HI NE OPERATORS, GE NE RA L ---------------------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------------------- 31 31 3 8 .5 3 8 .5 TYPISTS, CLASS A -----------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 59 50 185 34 151 TYPISTS, CLASS B --------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- - 1 0 5 .5 0 1 0 8 .0 0 8 8 .0 0 - 1 1 9 .0 0 9 9 .0 0 - 1 2 4 .0 0 i - 102.00 9 3 .0 0 - 1 1 4 .0 0 9 9 .5 0 - 1 1 7 .0 0 9 2 .5 0 - 1 1 2 .0 0 - _ 1 1 0 .5 0 9 8 .0 0 - - 1 0 3 .5 0 1 0 3 .5 0 100.00 100.00 9 2 .5 0 - 1 1 6 .5 0 9 2 .5 0 - 1 1 6 .5 0 3 8 .5 3 8 .0 121.00 122.00 1 1 7 .5 0 1 1 9 .0 0 1 1 0 .5 0 -1 3 0 .0 0 1 1 1 .5 0 -1 3 1 .0 0 3 8 .0 4 0 .0 3 7 .5 9 2 .5 0 9 6 .5 0 9 1 .5 0 9 0 .5 0 9 6 .5 0 8 9 .5 0 8 4 .5 0 - 9 8 .5 0 8 9 .0 0 - 1 0 2 .0 0 8 3 .5 0 - 9 6 .5 0 3 3 2 11 3 5 3 12 6 8 3 t - 5 2 8 2 6 5 i 2 5 _ 2 5 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 1 10 8 11 10 10 10 4 i 3 - 3 2 3 1 4 - 1 - 26 5 2 - 4 1 21 5 12 12 - 4 _ - 2 2 - _ - - _ - * 15 39 - 35 - 15 35 - 4 11 28 “ 7 - 4 8 4 36 4 21 9 18 6 ii i 32 12 12 10 2 2 i 4 “ _ - 2 2 4 2 - 2 - 2 10 - - - 2 2 10 10 - _ _ _ _ _ _ * - - - - - - i - 2 2 _ _ - i 3 - - 4 4 - - 4 12 7 1 1 1 1 See footn otes at end o f ta b le s . 5 5 3 2 - - - 1 “ - - _ - - - _ _ " * “ “ - _ _ _ 2 _ - 2 - - - - - 8 8 - - _ _ _ 3 2 1 - - - - _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ 3 . _ - - _ - _ _ Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 Weekly earnings 1 (standard) N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e w e e k l y e a r n in g s o f — 1 Average 100 O c c u p a tio n a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n 90 AND WOMEN * 110 i 12 0 * 130 * 140 $ 150 * 16 0 * 170 * 180 » 19 0 t 200 t 210 $ $ 39.0 39.0 144.0 0 144.50 13 1.0 0 129.50 12 1.0 0 -16 5 .0 0 12 1.50 -16 4 .50 CO MPUTER OPERATORS, CLASS C MANU FA CT UR IN G -----------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG -------- 49 16 33 40 .0 40 .0 3 9 .5 129.50 136.00 126.0 0 13 0 .5 0 139.00 116 .0 0 COMPUTER PROGRAMMERS, BUSINESS, CLASS B — 18 39.0 203.50 2 10.50 100 110 120 130 140 3 2 5 4 10 10 150 160 6 4 1 70 180 190 2 00 210 220 2 30 240 250 1 l 1 1 t 1 1 1 2 1 19 9.0 0 -2 16 .0 0 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS, BUSINESS, CLASS B -------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------ 43 23 39.0 38 .0 251.0 0 248 .00 25 1.50 250.00 230 .50 -280 .0 0 20 5.0 0 -265.0 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B MA NUFACTURING - 42 37 40 .0 40.0 182.0 0 178 .5 0 177.5 0 176 .0 0 16 4.5 0 16 2.5 0 - DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C MANUFACTURING ~ 51 46 40 .0 40 .0 15 0.0 0 149.00 148 .50 145.0 0 13 7.50 -16 7.50 13 4 .50 -16 5 .50 w ere d is tr ib u t e d as fo llo w s : 5 at $ 280 t o $ 2 9 0 ; $ 1 1 6 5 5 5 4 2 3 l 3 1 2 4 4 2 2 1 at $ 300 t o $ 3 2 0 ; 5 8 8 4 4 13 12 an d 3 at $ 340 t o $ 3 6 0 . 2 1 2 201.0 0 19 7.5 0 1 at $ 2 9 0 t o $ 3 0 0 ; 1 1 2 at e n d o f t a b l e s . l 25 0 t 260 i 270 280 and 111.5 0 -14 2 .5 0 12 6 .0 0 147 .0 0 10 8 .0 0 136 .00 W o rk ers i 240 6 $ 39 32 * t 230 CO M B IN E D COMP UT ER OPERATORS, CLASS B NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ---------- S ee fo o tn o te s t 220 and unde r (standard) M EN « 2 1 4 4 8 7 3 3 7 5 7 5 - 1 1 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 - 4 4 8 1 4 2 260 2 70 280 o v e r Table A-3. Average weekly earnings of office, professional, and technical workers, by sex in Raleigh, N.C.. December 1973 Average S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers Weekly [standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) OFFICE OC CU PA TI ON S - MEN 27 17 39.5 39.5 $ 16 0 .50 171.50 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B — 26 4 1.5 152.00 ME SSENGERS (OFFICE BOYS) ----N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 26 26 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 102.50 10 2.50 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------- Weekly hours 1 (standard) Weekly earnings 1 (standard) Average S e x , o c c u p a ti o n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n Number of workers Weekly hours1 [standard) Weekly earnings1 (standard) OFFICE OCCUPA TI ON S WO ME N— CONTINUED OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WO ME N— CONTINUED KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS 8 -------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 141 20 121 39.5 40 .0 39.5 $ $ 10 3 .0 0 105.50 10 2.50 SWIT CH BO AR D OPERATOR -R EC EP TI ON IS TS MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 83 26 57 39.5 40 .0 3 9 .5 105.0 0 111.5 0 102.00 TR AN SC RI BI NG -M AC HI NE OPERATORS, GE NE RA L ------------------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 31 31 38.5 38 .5 10 3 .5 0 10 3 .5 0 TYPISTS, CLASS A ----------------------------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 59 50 38.5 38 .0 121.0 0 122.00 3 9 .5 TYPISTS, CLASS B ----------------------------------------MANU FA CT UR IN G ----------------------------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ---------------------------------- 18 3 34 14 9 38 .0 40 .0 3 7.5 92.00 96.50 9 1.50 COMP UT ER OPERATORS, CLASS B --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 37 30 39.0 39.0 145 .5 0 146 .50 C O MP UT ER OPERATORS, CLASS C -------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 39 25 40 .0 3 9 .5 131.0 0 128.50 MESSENGERS (OFFICE GIRLS) ---------- 16 3 9 .5 95.0 0 365 76 289 62 39.0 40 .0 39.0 40 .0 13 7.0 0 138 .50 136.50 15 1.0 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS A -------------15 20 3 9.0 138 .0 0 SECRETARIES, CLASS B -------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 82 73 3 9 .5 39.0 144 .50 146.00 SECRETARIES, CLASS C -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NONMAN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 88 20 68 38 .5 40 ,0 38.5 149.50 157.0 0 14 7 .50 SECRETARIES, CLASS 0 -------------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- 175 37 138 32 39.0 40 .0 39.0 40 .0 127.0 0 133.0 0 12 5.50 137.0 0 STENOGRAPHERS, GENERAL -------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 126 108 39.0 39.0 1 1 6 .5 0 117.5 0 STENOGRAPHERS, SENIOR --------------MANU FA CT UR IN G --------------------NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UT ILITIES --------------- 137 62 75 29 40.0 40 .0 3 9 .5 40 .0 137.0 0 133.50 140 .00 159.0 0 COMP UT ER SYSTEMS ANALYSTS, BUSINESS, CLASS B ------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 37 19 39.0 38 .0 258.50 260 .50 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS B ------------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 41 36 40 .0 40 .0 18 1.50 178.00 SW ITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B ---NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 30 26 38 .5 3 9 .5 10 7 .50 111.5 0 DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -----------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 35 30 40 .0 40 .0 147.00 145.0 0 114 .5 0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A — MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 150 32 118 39.0 40 .0 39.0 CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B — M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 304 53 251 39. 0 110 ,5 0 39 .0 106.50 39.0 1 1 1 .0 0 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B --------- 21 39.0 109.00 CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C --------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 131 130 38.0 38 .0 89.00 89.00 CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 48 30 18 39.5 40 .0 39 .5 120.0 0 111.5 0 134.00 KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A — MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------- 107 26 81 3 9.0 40 .0 38.5 122.50 123.50 12 2 .50 129.50 133.0 0 128.50 S e e fo o t n o te at en d o f t a b l e s . Number of woikeis SECRETARIES --------------------------MA NUFACTURING --------------------NONMANUF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTILITIES --------------- OFFICE OC CUPATIONS - WOMEN BO OK KE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS, CLASS B ------------------------- Average S ex , o c c u p a t i o n , and i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n 6 PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS - MEN Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance and powerplant workers in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 N u m b e r of w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s of— TT n J e r U d M edian2 Middle range 2 * * * 3.50 $ 3.60 i 3.30 t 3.40 t 3.20 3 .70 3.80 3 .90 3.20 3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60 3 .70 3.80 3.90 4 - i % S % S » $ t 4.30 4.4 0 4.6 0 4.80 5.00 3 $ 5.20 5.40 * 10 4 . 2 0 5.60 5.80 A . 20 4 . 3 0 4.40 4.60 5.00 5.20 5.40 5.60 5.80 6.00 3 3 13 6 9 i 8 8 - - A A . * A« s and 3 . 0 0 u nd er S o o 3.10 4 .10 1 1 3 2 2 2 _ - - - - - - “ . 3 3 - OD M ean2 3 *00 s 3 .10 o O c c u p a tio n a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n t o o Hourly earnings 3 Number of workers MEN AND WOMEN COMB IN ED $ 4.73 4.54 $ 5.06 4.3 9 $ $ 4 .2 4 4 .15 - 5.34 5.25 37 4.66 4.66 4.6 8 4.6 8 4.3 8 4.3 8 - 5.04 5.04 30 30 4.96 4.96 5.34 5.34 4 .13 4 .13 - 5.39 5.39 MECHANICS, AU TOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) -----------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTIL IT IE S --------------- 104 91 61 4.24 4.28 4.30 4.5 1 4.5 1 4.52 3 .6 13.6 93.6 3- 4.58 4.59 4 .59 MECHANICS, MA INTENANCE -------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 107 106 4.3 7 4.3 7 4.27 4.2 6 4.0 24 .0 2 - 4 .78 4.78 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS ----------------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 52 52 5.32 5.32 5 .30 5 .115 .1 1 - 5.59 5.59 ELECTRICIANS, MA INTENANCE ---------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 53 37 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATORS, TO OLROOM — MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 37 MACHINISTS, MA IN TE NA NC E -----------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 5 .3 0 A - - A - - - _ - - - - - - “ “ “ 2 _ 1 - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 - - - * - - - _ 2 2 _ _ - * 6 6 “ - - - - - - 2 2 - “ - A A 2 2 6 6 7 7 3 7 “ 2 2 3 7 - - _ _ _ - 14 _ “ " “ 3 3 “ * “ 14 “ 4 4 3 3 3 8 7 “ 37 30 23 11 11 3 2 2 2 7 7 7 _ - - - - 2 2 - _ - - “ - 17 17 12 12 1 18 17 12 12 - 1 7 7 _ 6 6 6 - 2 2 “ 2 2 17 15 15 2 2 2 2 2 2 _ - A 14 14 - * 2 2 3 3 2 2 “ 6 - 1 1 See footn otes at end o f ta b le s . _ 8 8 - “ 7 - 8 3 8 3 1 1 7 7 - 13 13 13 13 * - * 1 1 5 5 - 1 1 10 10 Table A-5. Hourly earnings of custodial and material movement workers in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 Hourly earnings ^ N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s tr a ig h t-tim e h o u rly e a rn in g s of— % s % s S $ S s 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 $ 3 .4 0 s 2 .3 0 t 2 .9 0 $ 2 .1 0 $ 2 .8 0 s 2 .0 0 * 2 .4 0 s 1 .9 0 $ 2 .2 0 $ 1 .8 0 3 .6 0 3.8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 t 4 .4 0 1 4 .6 0 1.8 0 O ccupation and in d u stry d iv is io n Number of workers 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3.6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 2 2 “ 18 3 2 2 2 2 12 12 4 4 ” 2 2 6 6 1 l 1 1 “ 7 7 2 2 2 2 2 2 l ( 1 .7 0 M on2 Median^ Middle range ^ s % and under HEN AND WOMEN COMBINED GUARDS AND WA TCHMEN -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G -----------------WATCHMEN MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------------ 63 $ 2 .6 4 48 2 .8 4 $ 2 .3 7 2 .4 9 $ 2 .0 8 2 .3 3 - $ 2 .7 9 3 .6 4 “ ~ 33 2 .3 5 2 .3 7 2 .2 8 - 2 .5 5 - 2 - 3 2 2 12 4 - 2 6 JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS • MANUFA CT UR IN G -----------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -------------- 468 124 344 2 .2 8 2 .6 3 2 .1 5 2 .0 9 2 .5 7 1 .8 7 2 .3 4 - 2 .5 9 2 .9 5 1 163 9 - - 1 .8 5 - 2 .2 7 1 163 4 5 25 6 19 21 8 13 31 21 10 7 2 5 33 24 9 22 11 11 - 2 .0 1 66 4 62 2 10 6 4 18 17 1 18 3 15 1 13 10 3 12 8 4 15 15 “ LABORERS, MATERIAL H A ND LI NG ----MA NU FA CT UR IN G -----------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------------- 2 .8 2 2 .6 4 2 .5 4 2 .2 3 - 3 .4 6 - 17 2 .4 3 2 .2 0 - 2 .8 5 3 .7 2 - 26 36 12 24 39 20 19 53 8 45 21 4 17 26 14 12 26 25 1 3 3 - 12 3 9 5 5 - 7 3 4 21 21 80 80 - 17 71 6 65 - 2 .5 2 72 72 - 2 .7 1 2 .8 6 5 2 3 26 105 469 - - - ORDER 344 3 .2 5 3 .3 6 2 .6 0 - 3 .8 2 - - - 1 4 7 4 39 31 8 - 20 6 15 3 43 7 48 108 - - - PACKERS, SHIP PI NG ----------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------------ 65 57 2 .5 7 2 .6 1 2 .5 3 2 .6 5 2 .2 5 2 .2 6 - 2 .8 9 3 .0 2 _ - _ “ 6 6 4 4 14 8 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 5 5 7 _ - 7 4 4 4 4 - - _ _ - _ 7 _ - R E CE IV IN G CLERKS -----------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G -----------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------------- 72 23 49 _ - 4 _ - 6 6 - 2 2 9 - 4 3 1 6 2 4 8 5 3 3 3 - - - - - - 9 - 7 - 3 .4 9 SH IPPING AND RE CEIVING CLERKS -M A N U FA CT UR IN G ------------------ 21 18 2 2 7 4 6 TRUCKD Rl VE RS ---------------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G -----------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------------- 448 104 344 32 11 21 50 34 16 “ 26 FILLERS -------------------- TRUCKD RI VE RS , LIGHT (UNDER 1-1/2 TONS) -------------------TRUCKDRIVERS, ME DI UM (1-1/2 TO AND INCLUDING A TONS) -------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------------TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) -----M A N U FA CT UR IN G -----------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------------WA RE HO U S E M E N ----------------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G -----------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -------------- See fo o tn o tes 574 - 3 .1 6 2 .5 7 - 4 .3 1 2 .9 5 3 .8 5 2 .3 0 2 .5 9 - 3 .1 9 4 .3 4 3 .4 8 3 .5 3 3 .5 6 3 .2 5 3 .2 7 - 3 .2 8 3 . 15 3 .5 5 3 .2 5 3 .2 8 2 .6 5 3 .0 4 2 .6 1 - 4 .7 1 3 .3 8 4 .7 3 2 .3 0 2 .2 8 2 .1 3 - 2 .4 8 - 208 3 .2 7 2 .6 9 2 .5 3 - 4 .0 7 198 3 .2 8 2 .6 8 2 .5 1 - 4 .0 9 190 3 .1 2 3 .0 5 2 .4 9 - 54 2 .8 6 2 .9 4 2 .6 0 - 136 3 .2 3 3 .7 4 _ - - 3 .3 0 2 .8 9 3 .4 4 _ _ - - _ 4 4 - - - 24 4 20 27 3 24 22 22 48 2 46 i 7 “ 3 3 i i 2 3 4 - - 2 2 - - 21 21 - 10 9 2 l 1 8 9 “ 8 8 31 31 4 - 2 8 - - 4 8 2 4 3 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 3 3 20 20 24 24 20 20 44 42 2 2 3 .8 2 - - - - - - 3 .0 6 - - 3 .8 '> - - - - - 14 14 20 20 15 12 3 3 3 2 .4 3 - 16 2 14 - - - 2 2 - 2 2 - - - 2 107 2 .9 8 2 .8 6 2 .6 9 - 3 .3 4 78 2 .9 0 2 .7 1 - 2 .9 6 29 3 .2 0 2 .8 4 3 .2 9 2 .6 8 - 3 .5 4 5 3 8 19 13 6 7 4 3 - - i i - _ 54 54 2 2 20 - 20 * 2 2 - - - 6 4 4 18 18 - 3 23 12 1 3 23 12 1 3 3 21 21 11 11 1 22 55 - 1 - 4 - 3 1 2 - 7 - - - “ - i 25 25 5 2 3 ~ 8 at end o f ta b le s . 7 3 .6 4 3 .6 6 3 .4 6 - 2 - 1 128 2 7 2 2 5 3 “ 8 4 4 _ 2 2 ” 9 2 7 - - 11 10 1 1 128 46 46 1 - - - 22 - - - - 55 2 2 - l 1 Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, powerplant, custodial, and material movement workers, by sex, in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 O W ) Sex, occu pation, and in du stry d iv is io n hourly earnings CU STODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT O C C U P A T I O N S - M E N — CENTINUED 53 37 MACHIN E- TO OL OPERATORS, TOOLROOM — MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- 37 37 MACHINISTS, MAINTENANCE MANUFA CT UR IN G ------- 30 30 MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) --------------------— N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --------------PUBLIC UT ILITIES ------------- 10A 91 61 MECHANICS, MA INTENANCE -----------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------------- 107 106 TOOL AND DIE MAKERS --------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------------- 52 52 CU STODIAL AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT OC CU PATIONS-MEN GUARDS AND W A TC HM EN ----------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------WATCHMEN MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------- A.73 ORDER FILLERS -4.54 PACKERS, SHIPPING A. 66 MA NUFACTURING A. 66 RECEIVING CLERKS — A . 96 MANUFA CT UR IN G — A.9 6 | NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG SHIPPING AND RE CEIVING CLERKS A.2A MA NU FA CT UR IN G -------------A . 28 A. 30 TRUCKORIVERS -----------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G -------------A . 37 NO NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ---------A . 37 TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT IUNDER 5.32 1-1/2 TONS) --------------5.32 TRUCKORIVERS, MEDIUM (1-1/2 TO AND INCLUDING A TONS) -------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------------- 60 A5 2.63 TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT) 2.8A MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ------- 31 2.35 WAREHO US EM EN -----------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG --------------2.37 2.63 CUST OD IA L AND MATERIAL MOVEMENT 2.25 O C CU PA TI ON S— WOMEN 2.82 2.64 JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS --2.86 NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG 3A9 JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS --MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ----------------- 238 LABORERS, MATERIAL HANDLING MANUFA CT UR IN G -----------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -------- 574 105 469 See fo o tn o tes hourly earnings^ MA INTENANCE AND POWERPLANT ilf.CUPAT 1UNS - MEN ELECTRICIANS, MAINTENANCE ---------MANUFA CT UR IN G --------------------- Sex, occupation, and in du stry d iv is io n 111 at end o f ta b le s . 9 300 3.32 A7 39 2.71 2.80 68 23 A5 3.37 2.89 3.62 21 18 3.AA 3.A8 AA8 10A 3AA 3.A6 3.15 3.55 26 2.30 208 198 3.27 3.28 190 5A 136 3.12 2.86 3.23 94 65 29 2.95 2.84 3.20 119 106 2.00 1.92 Table A-7. Indexes of earnings for selected occupational groups in Raleigh, N.C., August 1972 and December 1973, and percents of increase for selected periods A l l in d u stries W e e k ly earn in gs P e r io d O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w om en) In d u s tria l nurses (m en and w om en) M an u factu rin g H o u rly earn in gs S k illed m aintenance tra d e s (m en ) U n sk illed plant w ork ers (m en ) W e e k ly ea rn in gs O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w om en) In d u s tria l nu rses (m en and w om en) H o u rly ea rn in gs S k illed m aintenance tra d es (m en ) U n sk illed plant w ork ers (m en ) In d exes (A u gu st 1967s 100) A u gu st 1972 D e c e m b e r 1973 ____ _ _ _ 134.4 148.5 * * 139.1 155.0 139.9 159.8 * * * * 141.9 163.6 4.0 3.1 3.3 * * * * * > !< * * * * ♦ * * * * 3.9 2.3 2.1 2.0 6.2 5.9 * P e rc e n ts o f in c r e a s e S e p te m b e r 1960 to S ep tem b er 1961___ S ep tem b er 1961 to S ep tem b er 1962___ S ep tem b er 1962 to S ep tem b er 1963______________ S ep tem b er 1963 to S ep tem b er 1964 S ep tem b er 1964 to S ep tem b er 1965 S ep tem b er 1965 to S ep tem b er 1966______________ S ep tem b er 1966 to August 1967: 11-m onth i n c r e a s e _____________________________ A nnual ra te o f in c r e a s e ________________________ 5.4 4.6 2.7 2.4 4.8 5.0 * * * * ♦ * 1.4 4.7 1.2 2.7 6.3 3.9 2.6 2.1 3.2 2.7 5.0 4.4 2.9 3.2 * 4.2 4.6 # * * .0 8 * * 8 .8 * * * * * * * 3.8 4.2 A u gu st 1967 to A u gu st 1968 A u gu st 1968 to A u gu st 1969 A u gu st 1969 to A u gu st 1970 A u gu st 1970 to A u gu st 1971_______________________ A u gu st 1971 to A u gu st 1972______________________ A u gu st 1972 to D e c e m b e r 1973: 16-m onth in c r e a s e Annual ra te o f in c r e a s e ________________________ 6.7 5.0 5.8 7.9 5.1 * * * * * 5.2 5.8 9.7 8.9 4.6 * * 9.4 7.0 8.2 7.2 3.0 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 7.4 8.4 8.4 6.1 6.0 10.5 7.8 * * 11.4 8.4 14.2 10.5 * * * * * * 15.3 11.3 * Data do not m e e t p u b lication c r it e r ia . ** In addition to g e n e r a l w age in c r e a s e s , b etw een h igh - and lo w -w a g e esta b lis h m e n ts . this in c r e a s e r e fle c t s am endm ents 10 to the F a ir L a b o r Standards A c t , and changes in em p loym en t Table A-8. Percents of increase in average hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts, in Raleigh, N.C., August 1972 to December 1973 M an u factu rin g A l l in d u stries P e r io d Au gu st 1972 to D e c e m b e r 1973: 16-month in c r e a s e Annual ra te o f in c r e a s e * O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w om en ) In d u strial nurses (m en and w om en ) 10.8 8.0 * S k illed m aintenance tra d es (m en ) 10.6 7.8 U n sk illed plant w o rk e rs (m en ) 11.3 8.4 O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w om en ) In d u stria l n u rses (m en and w o m en ) S k illed m ain ten an ce tra d e s (m e n ) * 13.6 10.0 * N onm anufacturing U n sk illed plant w o rk e rs (m e n ) 12.7 9.4 Data do not m e e t p u b lication c r it e r ia . NO TE: T ab le A - 8 p ro v id e s p ercen ts o f change in a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in gs fo r s e le c te d occu p ation al grou ps, adju sted to exclu d e the e ffe c t o f em p lo y m en t sh ifts . The new m ethod fo r com puting w a g e tren d s is based on changes in a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in gs fo r esta b lish m en ts re p o rtin g the in dex job s in both the c u rre n t and p re v io u s y e a r (m a tch ed esta b lis h m e n ts ), h old in g e sta b lish m en t em p lo ym en t in the jo b s constant. The new w age tren d s a r e not lin k ed to the c u rre n t in d ex es b eca u se the new w a ge tren d s m e a s u re changes in m atched e sta b lish m en t a v e r a g e s w h e re a s the c u rre n t in d exes m e a s u re changes in a re a a v e r a g e s . O th er c h a r a c te r is tic s o f the new w a g e tren d s w hich d iffe r fr o m the c u rre n t on es in clu de (1 ) earn in gs data o f o ffic e c le r ic a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tria l nu rses a r e c o n v e rte d to an h o u rly b a s is , and (2 ) tren d e s tim a te s a r e p ro v id e d fo r nonm anufacturing e s ta b lish m en ts. F o r a m o r e d e ta ile d d e s c rip tio n o f the new m ethod used to com pute a r e a w a ge s u rv e y in d ex es, see "Im p r o v in g A r e a W age S u rvey In d e x e s ," M on th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , Janu ary 1973, pp. 52-57. 1 1 O ffic e c le r ic a l (m en and w om en ) 11.3 8.4 In d u strial nu rses (m en and w om en ) * * S k illed U n sk illed m aintenance plant w o rk e rs tra d e s (m en ) (m en) * * 10.7 7.9 B. Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions Table B-1. Minimum entrance salaries for inexperienced typists and clerks in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 O ther in e x p e rie n c e d c le r ic a l w o rk e rs 5 In e x p erien ced typ ists M inim um w e e k ly s tra ig h t-tim e s a la r y 4 B ased on standard w e e k ly hours 6 o f— A ll in d u stries A ll schedules E sta b lish m en ts studied E s ta b lish m en ts h avin g a s p e c ifie d m in im u m $67.50 and under $70.00 $70.00 and u nder $72.50 $72.50 and under $75.00 _ . . . . . . . . . __________ ___ $75.00 and u nder $77.50 $77.50 and u nder $80.00 _ _ ______ _ ___ $80.00 and under $82.50_____________________________________ $82.50 and under $85.00 $85.00 and u nder $87.50___ $87.50 and u nder $90.00_____________________________________ $90.00 and under $92.50 _ _ _ 492.50 and u nder 495.00 $95.00 and under $97.50 $97.50 and under $100.00 $100.00 and under $102.50__________________________ $102.50 and under $105.00___________________________________ $105.00 and under $107.50 $107.50 and under $110.00 $110.00 and under $112.50 $112.50 and under $115.00 $115.00 and under $117.50 E s ta b lish m en ts h avin g no s p e c ifie d m in im u m E sta b lish m en ts w hich did not e m p lo y w o r k e r s in th is c a te g o r y 94 34 A ll schedules 40 Nonm anufacturing Based on standard w e e k ly hours 6 of— A ll in d u stries A ll schedules A ll schedules 37 Vz 40 XXX 92 33 XXX XXX 60 XXX 40 37 Vz 40 59 XXX XXX 19 18 6 6 12 4 4 44 14 14 30 7 1 _ _ 1 i _ 1 5 3 2 3 5 2 6 2 6 . - 1 2 2 - 1 2 2 - 1 1 1 - - 2 2 - - 2 2 1 4 1 2 1 5 2 4 2 4 - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 2 2 3 3 1 - - 2 - - - - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - 2 1 1 1 - 1 - 1 - 8 7 68 21 XXX - - XXX 1 1 1 - 1 - - - 1 - - - 1 1 - - 2 2 2 2 - - - i 2 - - 1 - 4 2 - 3 1 - 1 - 1 XXX - - 1 XXX XXX 16 11 47 XXX XXX 32 8 - 12 3 1 - - 1 1 1 See fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s . M anufacturing N onm anufacturing M anufacturing - 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 - 1 - - - - 3 1 4 - 3 1 4 - 1 - - . 1 1 1 - 5 XXX XXX 24 XXX XXX Table B-2. Late-shift pay provisions for manufacturing plant workers in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 ( A l l p lan t w o r k e r s in m anu factu ring ■ 100 p e rc e n t) P e r c e n t o f m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s — L a t e - s h ift pay p ro v is io n In esta b lish m en ts having p r o v is io n s 7 fo r la te sh ifts Second sh ift T o ta l T h ir d o r oth er sh ift 77.0 62.8 A c tu a lly w ork in g on la te shifts Second sh ift T h ird o r oth er sh ift 16.9 5.9 No pay d iffe r e n t ia l fo r w o rk on la te sh ift 11.2 2.5 3.4 0.7 P a y d iffe r e n tia l fo r w o rk on la te s h ift_________ 65.8 60.3 13.6 5.2 54.1 48.5 10.8 4.5 2.5 10.3 1.0 2.7 7.4 19.2 - 6.9 .7 1.8 .1 1.5 1.1 3.9 - 1.7 T yp e and am ount o f d iffe r e n t ia l: U n ifo rm cents (p e r h ou rl 5 cents 10 cents ___ 12 cents ..... _ 13 'A cents 14 cents___________________________________ 15 cents 16 cents 18 cents 20 cents 25 cents _ 37 V2 cents U n ifo rm p erc e n ta g e 10 p e rc e n t - 2.6 6.5 5.3 17.0 8.7 1.5 - 5.4 5.6 - - 1.4 .1 - - .5 .4 1.8 - - 11.7 11.7 2.8 .7 11.7 11.7 2.8 .7 See footn ote at end o f ta b les. 13 Table B-3. Scheduled weekly hours and days of first-shift workers in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 P e r c e n t o f plant w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s W e e k ly h ou rs and days A l l in d u stries A ll w ork ers 32 Vj. hours— 5 days 35 hours— 5 days 3 5 1 hou rs— 5 days /, 36 */a hours— 5 days 36 V2 hours— 5 days 37 l/z hours— 5 days 38 V . h ou rs— 5 days 39 hours— 5 d ays____________________________________ 40 h o u r s _________________________________________ 5 days 6 days _ _ _ ___ 42 V2 h ou rs____ 5 days _ _ 5 V?. days 44 hou rs _ . ....... 5 days . __ _ _ 5 Va days __ ___ _ 44 Va hours 5 davs 5 Va days 45 hou rs 5 days 5 V2 d ays_______________________ __________________ 46 V2 hours— 5 V2 days 48 h o u r s _____________________________________________ 5 V, d a v s _______ _________ _____ ____ _____ ___ __ 100 1 2 3 6 - 68 66 2 3 3 5 3 3 1 M anufacturing P u b lic u tilitie s A ll in d u stries M an u factu rin g 100 100 100 100 - - - - 6 2 92 92 - - - 7 - - - 7 13 13 - - 2 (9 ) 14 - (’ ) - 1 (9) 1 (9) (9) (’ ) See footn ote at end o f ta b le s . - 21 12 (9) 57 57 - 1 5 4 1 6 1 5 _ _ _ 12 87 87 1 1 - - 81 81 - 2 1 2 2 100 (’ ) - 3 84 84 9 6 3 - - (9) 3 5 P u b lic u tilitie s _ _ _ - ' - - Table B-4. Annual paid holidays in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 P e r c e n t o f plan t w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s Ite m M anufacturing P u b lic u tilitie s A l l in d u stries 100 100 100 100 100 100 95 100 100 99 100 100 5 - - - - 1 1 (’ > 5 23 15 2 8 13 _ 2 1 1 8 11 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ A l l in d u stries A ll w o rk ers M anufacturing P u b lic u tilitie s W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro vid in g W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro vid in g no paid h o lid a y s _ _________ __ ________________ (’ ) N u m b er o f days 1 0 4 h a lf h o lid a y s 7 h o lid a y s _ __ _ _ . 8 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day __ ____________ __ _ 1 7 38 1 6 13 1 23 3 3 5 2 7 8 _ - 28 _ 8 - _ (’ ) . 36 36 70 70 83 100 100 100 100 100 100 5 8 11 34 35 48 54 55 93 98 98 98 98 99 17 13 35 - 8 11 _ 19 _____ 9 h o lid a y s plus 1 h a lf day_________________ 10 h o lid a y s ________________________ ______________ . 10 h o lid a y s plus 2 h a lf d a ys___ _ (’ ) 16 - 36 . _ 10 11 _ 44 17 - _ _ _ _ 14 4 58 _ 24 _ _ - T o ta l h o lid a y t i m e 1 1 _ 1 | days 10 days o r m o r e ______________ 9 V2 days o r m o r e _ 7 days o r m o r e 6 V2 days o r m o r e 6 days o r m o r e ________ ... 1 day o r m o r e _____ .......... 8 8 27 27 40 48 51 66 88 93 93 94 95 _ 16 16 44 44 54 62 62 77 88 96 97 99 100 , See footn otes at end o f ta b le s . 15 _ 17 17 62 62 73 82 82 90 97 99 99 99 100 _ _ 24 24 82 82 86 100 100 100 100 100 100 Table B-4a. Identification of major paid holidays in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 P e r c e n t o f plant w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s H o lid a y 1 0 M an u factu rin g P u b lic u tilitie s A l l in d u stries 100 100 100 100 100 100 85 5 11 55 38 84 84 4 94 25 21 2 80 1 16 68 55 84 93 98 50 42 - 92 94 9 4 10 2 8 5 9 9 13 5 2 100 36 32 68 67 100 100 36 100 3 13 100 29 “ “ 3 3 98 11 5 71 43 98 98 3 99 34 21 10 99 17 3 5 6 5 1 6 89 1 20 69 68 95 99 1 99 66 45 98 13 19 17 “ 6 3 100 24 17 83 82 100 100 24 100 4 4 100 54 - A l l in d u stries A ll w o rk ers N ew Y e a r 's D ay W a sh in gto n 's B irth d a y Good F r id a y _________________________________________ E a s te r M onday______________________________________ M e m o r ia l Day_______________________________________ F o u rth o f July_______________________________________ L a b o r Day V e te r a n s Day T h a n k sgivin g Day D ay a fte r T h a n k sgivin g ____________________________ C h ris tm a s E v e _ _ __ ___ _ C h ris tm a s E v e , h a lf day___________________________ C h ris tm a s D ay E x tr a day d u rin g C h ris tm a s w e e k N ew Y e a r 's E v e N ew Y e a r 's E v e , h a lf d a y _________________________ F lo a tin g h o lid a y , 1 d a y 1 3 F lo a tin g h o lid a y , 2 days 1 3 _r F lo a tin g h o lid a v . 3 days 1 3 E m p lo y e e 's b irth d a y E m p lo y e e 's a n n iv e r s a r y _____________ _________ See fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s . 16 2 M an u factu rin g P u b lic u tilitie s - Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o rk e rs P e rc e n t o f plan t w o r k e r s V a ca tio n p o lic y A l l w o r k e r s __________________________________ A l l in d u stries A ll in d u stries M anu factu ring P u b lic u tilitie s M anufacturing 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 86 14 100 71 29 100 100 100 99 (’ ) 100 98 2 100 100 - - - - - 27 19 3 - 49 15 - - 68 - 15 44 5 - 76 - - 5 36 13 4 73 24 3 - 81 14 6 - 26 74 - 26 73 1 - - (!) (’ > 23 77 - - 22 72 5 1 (’ ) 45 3 50 3 - 52 5 37 6 - 16 2 82 - - - 9 (’ ) 90 1 (9) (’ ) 13 81 5 1 (’ ) 21 5 72 3 2 98 3 96 1 - 29 10 55 6 - - - - 7 87 5 1 (’ ) 19 5 74 3 - 25 10 60 6 - - 3 2 98 - - P u b lic u tilities M ethod o f paym ent W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g paid v a c a t io n s --------------------------------------------L e n g th - o f- tim e paym ent __________________ P e r c e n ta g e paym ent _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ________ W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m en ts p ro v id in g no paid v a c a t io n s ----------------------------------------Am ount o f va c a tio n pay 1 4 A ft e r 6 months o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek ______________________________________ 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s -----------------------------2 w e e k s ____________ _____ ___________________________ - A ft e r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ - A ft e r 2 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ - 5 - 95 * A ft e r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w eek s ___________________________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s -------------------------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ - (!) (’ ) 100 - A ft e r 4 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s _________________________ _____ ______________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s -----------------------------3 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ - - 96 1 (* ) (’ ) - 6 88 5 1 100 - (’ ) ■ A ft e r 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w e e k s -------- ------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ------------------------------ 12 1 77 7 3 2 98 - 13 2 72 7 6 See footnotes at end o f tab les. 17 2 93 1 4 1 5 74 3 13 5 100 ■ Table B-5. Paid vacation provisions in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973— Continued P e r c e n t o f plant w o r k e r s V acation p o lic y P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s A ll in d u stries M anufacturing 10 41 1 44 1 3 9 34 1 49 6 . 21 - 10 39 1 46 i 3 9 30 1 54 6 21 - 10 27 46 15 3 9 15 50 20 6 10 27 26 34 (’ ) 3 9 15 38 33 6 10 27 24 20 17 3 9 15 35 20 16 6 39 40 - 10 •27 24 9 15 35 8 13 P u b lic u tilitie s A l l in d u stries M anu factu ring P u b lic u tilitie s Am ount o f va c a tio n pay 14— Continued A f t e r 10 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 4 and under 5 w e e k s ________________________ 11 - 2 17 ( 9) 78 1 1 - 3 12 1 76 8 - 89 - - - 2 17 (’ ) 67 13 1 3 11 1 77 8 - 11 89 - - - - - - 2 14 53 1 30 1 3 6 56 4 27 5 6 94 - 2 14 26 (9) 56 1 - 3 6 28 (’ ) 59 5 - - - 2 14 17 n 57 1 9 - 3 6 14 (’ ) 41 5 31 - 2 14 17 n 54 1 12 3 6 14 79 - A ft e r 12 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s ___________ _____ ____________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ..._____________________ 4 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 4 and under 5 w e e k s ________________________ 79 - A ft e r 15 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ___________ _____ _____ ____ __________________ 2 w e e k s _________ ____________________________________ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s _____________ ____ ____________________________ O v e r 4 and under 5 w e e k s ________________________ 8 89 - 3 - A ft e r 20 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ------------------------------------------------------------2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ 3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 4 and under 5 w e e k s ________________________ 5 w e e k s ______________________________________________ Over* 5 and under 6 w e e k s ________________________ 8 13 76 3 - 6 12 82 - A ft e r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ______________________________________________ 2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ 3 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 4 and under 5 w e e k s ____________ ___________ 5 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------O v e r 5 and under 6 w e e k s ________________________ 8 13 - _ 6 5 _ 65 24 - M axim u m v a c a tio n a v a ila b le * 1 w e e k _______________________________________ _______ 2 w e e k s _____________________________________________ 3 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ________________________ 4 w e e k s _______________________________________ ,______ O v e r 4 and under 5 w e e k s ________________________ 5 w e e k s _____________________________________________ O v e r 5 and under 6 w ee k s _______________________ * _ - - - 20 20 38 - - 16 6 41 17 3 - E s tim a te s o f p r o v is io n s fo r 30 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e a re id e n tic a l. See fo o tn o tes at end o f ta b le s . 18 ( 9) 41 5 31 - _ 6 5 _ 65 - 24 " Table B-6. Health, insurance, and pension plan provisions in Raleigh, N.C., December 1973 P e r c e n t o f o ffic e w o r k e r s P e r c e n t o f plant w o r k e r s T y p e o f b e n e fit and fin an cin g 1 5 A l l in d u s t r ie s M anufacturing P u b lic u tilitie s A l l in d u stries M anufacturing P u b lic u tilitie s A l l w o r k e r s __________________________________ 100 100 100 100 100 100 W o rk e rs in esta b lish m en ts p ro v id in g at le a s t 1 o f the b en efits shown b e lo w . ----------- 98 100 100 100 100 100 91 66 91 71 92 70 97 68 94 62 94 83 76 56 83 66 83 70 74 50 90 59 87 83 77 79 63 86 87 45 53 31 69 48 21 6 38 22 57 41 15 4 24 14 33 60 61 32 14 10 28 5 5 13 7 7 97 57 98 57 96 57 95 56 10 7 74 66 1 1 99 63 100 63 100 63 95 61 13 13 74 70 16 16 100 78 100 78 100 78 100 78 3 3 84 75 28 15 99 52 100 52 99 52 99 47 7 2 90 84 19 4 99 57 100 57 100 57 98 57 13 13 83 78 5 5 100 90 100 90 100 90 100 90 L ife in s u r a n c e ----------------------------- ----------N o n co n trib u to ry p la n s _____________________ A c c id e n ta l death and d is m e m b e rm e n t in su ran ce _____________________________________ N o n co n trib u to ry p la n s _____________________ S ickness and accid en t in su ran ce o r sick le a v e o r both 16--------------------------------S ickn ess and accid en t in su ra n ce _________ N o n co n trib u to ry p la n s _________________ Sick le a v e (fu ll pay and no w a itin g p e r i o d ) ___________________________ Sick le a v e (p a r tia l pay o r w a itin g p e r i o d ) _____ __________________ L o n g -te r m d is a b ility in s u r a n c e ---------------N on con trib u tory p la n s _____________________ H o s p ita liza tio n in s u r a n c e ____________________ N on con trib u tory p la n s ______ __ ________ S u rgica l in su ran ce - ___ _ __ ___________ N o n co n trib u to ry p la n s _____________________ M e d ic a l in s u ra n c e _____________________________ N on con trib u tory p la n s .-------- ------ ---------M a jo r m e d ic a l in s u ra n c e _____________________ N on con trib u tory p la n s ______—__________ . . . Dental in s u ra n c e _______________________________ N on con trib u tory p la n s _____________________ R e tire m e n t p e n s io n ____ _____________ ____ N o n co n trib u to ry p la n s _____________________ See footn otes at end o f ta b le s . 19 - 83 76 Footnotes A ll of these standard footnotes may not apply to this bulletin. 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek fo r which employees receive their regu lar straight-tim e salaries (exclusive of pay for overtime at regu lar and/or prem ium rates), and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. 2 The mean is computed for each job by totaling the earnings of all w orkers and dividing by the number of w ork ers. The median designates position— half of the employees surveyed receive m ore and half receive less than the rate shown. The middle range is defined by 2 rates of pay; a fourth of the w orkers earn less than the low er of these rates and a fourth earn m ore than the higher rate. 3 Excludes prem ium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. 4 These salaries relate to form ally established minimum starting (hiring) regular straight-tim e salaries that are paid for standard workweeks. 5 Excludes w orkers in su bclerical jobs such as m essenger. 6 Data are presented for all standard workweeks combined, and fo r the most common standard workweeks reported. 7 s h ifts , In c lu d e s a l l p lan t w o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ift s , e v e n th ou gh th e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w e r e n ot c u r r e n t ly o p e r a tin g la te s h ifts . 8 e s ta b lis h m e n ts w h ose fo r m a l p r o v is io n s cover la te L e ss than 0.05 percent. 9 and L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t. 1 F o r purposes of this study, pay for a Sunday in D ecem ber, negotiated in the automobile industry, is not treated as a paid holiday. 0 1 A ll combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for exam ple, the proportion of w orkers receiving 1 a total of 9 days includes those with 9 full days and no half days, 8 full days and 2 half days, 7 full days and 4 half days, and so on. Proportions then w ere cumulated. 1 These days are provided as part of a Christm as—New Y e a r holiday period which typically begins with Christm as Eve and ends with 2 New Y e a r 's Day. Such a holiday period is common in the automobile, aerospace, and fa rm implement industries. 1 3 " F l o a t i n g " h o lid a y s v a r y f r o m y e a r to y e a r a c c o r d in g t o e m p lo y e r o r e m p lo y e e c h o ic e . 1 Includes payments other than "length of t im e ," such as percentage of annual earnings or flat-su m payments, converted to an 4 equivalent time b asis; for exam ple, 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as 1 w eek's pay. Periods of service are chosen a rb itrarily and do not n ecessarily reflect individual provisions for progression; for example, changes in proportions at 10 years include changes between 5 and 10 y ears. Estim ates are cumulative. Thus, the proportion eligible for at least 3 w eeks' pay after 10 years includes those eligible for at least 3 w eeks' pay after few er y ears of service. 1 Estim ates listed after type of benefit are for a ll plans fo r which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer. "Noncontributory 5 plans" include only those financed entirely by the em ployer. Excluded are legally required plans, such as workm en's compensation, social security, and railro ad retirement. 1 Unduplicated total of w orkers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are 8 lim ited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that each employee can expect. Inform al sick leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. 20 Appendix A A r e a w a ge and r e la te d b en efits data a r e obtain ed by p e rs o n a l v is it s o f B u reau fie ld r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s at 3 - y e a r in te r v a ls . * In each o f the in te rv e n in g y e a r s , in fo rm a tio n on em p loym en t 1 and occ u p a tion a l e a rn in g s is c o lle c te d by a com b in ation o f p e rs o n a l v is it and m a il q u estio n n a ire fr o m esta b lis h m e n ts p a rtic ip a tin g in the p re v io u s s u rv e y . A v e r a g e pay le v e ls fo r m en and w om en in s e le c te d occu pation s should not be assum ed to r e f le c t d iffe r e n c e s in pay o f the s e x es w ith in in d ivid u a l esta b lish m en ts. F a c to r s which m ay con trib u te to d iffe r e n c e s in clu de p r o g r e s s io n w ith in e sta b lish ed ra te ra n g es, since only the ra te s paid incum bents a r e c o lle c te d , and p e r fo r m a n c e o f s p e c ific du ties w ith in the g e n e ra l su rvey jo b d e s c r ip tio n s . Job d e s c rip tio n s used to c la s s ify e m p lo y e e s in th ese s u rv e y s usually a re m o re g e n e r a liz e d than th ose used in in d ivid u a l e sta b lish m en ts and a llo w fo r m in o r d iffe r e n c e s am ong esta b lish m en ts in s p e c ific d u ties p e r fo r m e d . In each o f the 9 4 2 a re a s c u r r e n tly s u rv e y e d , data a r e obtained fr o m re p r e s e n ta tiv e 4 3 esta b lis h m e n ts w ithin s ix b ro a d in d u stry d iv is io n s : M a n u fa ctu rin g; tra n s p o rta tio n , com m u n ication , and o th er pu b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e ; r e t a il tra d e ; fin a n c e , in su ra n ce, and r e a l es ta te ; and s e r v ic e s . M a jo r in d u stry grou ps exclu d ed fr o m th ese stu d ies a r e go vern m en t op era tio n s and the con stru ction and e x tr a c tiv e in d u s trie s . E sta b lish m en ts h avin g fe w e r than a p r e s c r ib e d n u m ber of w o rk e rs a r e o m itte d b eca u se o f in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the occu pation s studied. S ep arate tabu lations a r e p ro v id e d fo r each o f the^broad in d u stry d iv is io n s w hich m e e t p u blication c r it e r ia . O ccu p ation al em p lo y m en t e s tim a te s r e p r e s e n t the to ta l in a ll esta b lish m en ts w ithin the scop e o f the study and not the num ber a c tu a lly s u rvey ed . B ecau se occu p ation al s tru ctu res am ong e sta b lish m en ts d iffe r , e s tim a te s o f o ccu p ation al em p lo ym en t obtained fr o m the sam ple o f e sta b lish m en ts studied s e r v e on ly to in d ica te the r e la t iv e im p o rta n ce o f the jo b s studied. T h ese d iffe r e n c e s in occu p a tion a l stru ctu re do not a ffe c t m a t e r ia lly the a c c u ra c y o f the earn in gs data. T h e s e s u rv e y s a r e conducted on a sa m p le b a s is . T h e sam plin g p ro c e d u re s in v o lv e d e ta ile d s tr a tific a tio n o f a ll e sta b lish m en ts w ith in the scope of an in d ivid u a l a re a s u rv e y by in d u stry and n u m ber o f e m p lo y e e s . F r o m th is s tr a tifie d u n iv e rs e a p ro b a b ility sam p le is s e le c te d , w ith each e sta b lish m en t h avin g a p re d e te rm in e d chance o f s e le c tio n . T o obtain optim um a c c u ra c y at m in im u m co s t, a g r e a t e r p ro p o rtio n o f la r g e than s m a ll e sta b lish m en ts is s e le c te d . When data a r e co m b in ed , each e sta b lish m en t is w e ig h te d a c c o rd in g to its p ro b a b ility o f s e le c tio n , so that unbiased e s tim a te s a r e g e n e ra te d . F o r e x a m p le , i f one out o f fo u r e sta b lish m en ts is s e le c te d , it is given a w eigh t o f fo u r to r e p re s e n t i t s e l f plus t h r e e o th e rs . A n a lte rn a te o f the sam e o r ig in a l p ro b a b ility is chosen in the sam e in d u s tr y - s iz e c la s s ific a tio n i f data a re not a v a ila b le fo r the o r ig in a l sam p le m e m b e r. I f no su itab le substitute is a v a ila b le , ad d ition a l w eigh t is a ssig n e d to a sam p le m e m b e r that is s im ila r to the m is s in g unit. W age tren d s fo r s e le c te d o ccu p ation al grou ps In d exes in ta b le A - 7 m e a s u re w a ges at a giv e n tim e , e x p re s s e d as a p e rc e n t o f w a ges d u rin g the b ase p e rio d . S u btractin g 100 fr o m the in d ex y ie ld s the p e rc e n t change in w ages fr o m the base p e r io d to the date o f the index. The p e rc e n ts o f change o r in c r e a s e in tab les A -7 and A -8 r e la te to w a g e changes b etw een the in d ica ted dates. Annual ra te s o f in c r e a s e , w h ere shown, r e f le c t the am ount o f in c r e a s e fo r 12 m onths when the tim e span b etw een su rvey s was oth er than 12 m onths. T h e s e com pu tation s a r e based on the assu m p tion that w a g es in c re a s e d at a constant ra te b etw een su rv e y s . O ccupations and E arn in gs P e r c e n ts o f change r e p o r te d in ta b les A -7 and A -8 r e f le c t two d iffe r e n t m ea s u re s of w age m o vem en t. T a b le A - 7 p r o v id e s p e rc e n ts o f change in a v e r a g e w e e k ly ea rn in gs o f o ffic e c le r ic a l w o r k e r s and in d u s tria l n u rses and a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in gs o f s k ille d m aintenance and u n sk illed plant w o r k e r s in the a r e a . T a b le A - 8 p r o v id e s p e rc e n ts o f change in a v e r a g e h ou rly e a rn in g s fo r the sam e o ccu p ation al grou p s, a dju sted to exclu d e the e ffe c t o f em p lo ym en t sh ifts. Th e m ethod used to com pu te w age tren d s in tab le A - 8 is based on changes in a v e r a g e h o u rly ea rn in gs fo r e sta b lish m en ts re p o r tin g in dex jo b s in both the c u rre n t and p re v io u s y e a r (m atched e s ta b lis h m e n ts ); es ta b lis h m e n t em p lo y m en t in the jo b s w as h eld constant. Data fo r the m atched esta b lis h m e n ts a r e w eig h ted to r e p r e s e n t a ll e sta b lish m en ts re p o rtin g the jo b in the p re v io u s y e a r . O ccupations s e le c te d fo r study a r e com m on to a v a r ie t y o f m an u factu rin g and non m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s , and a r e o f the fo llo w in g typ e s : (1 ) O ffic e c le r ic a l; (2) p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l; (3 ) m ain ten an ce and p o w erp la n t; and (4 ) cu s to d ia l and m a te r ia l m o vem en t. O ccu pation al c la s s ific a tio n is based on a u n ifo rm set o f jo b d e s c rip tio n s d esign ed to take account o f in t e r esta b lish m en t v a r ia tio n in duties w ithin the sam e jo b . O ccu pations s e le c te d fo r study a r e lis te d and d e s c r ib e d in appendix B. U n less o th e rw is e in d ica ted , the ea rn in gs data fo llo w in g the jo b t itle s a r e fo r a ll in d u s trie s com b in ed . E a rn in g s data fo r som e o f the occu pation s lis te d and d e s c rib e d , o r fo r som e in d u stry d iv is io n s w ith in o ccu p ation s, a r e not p re s e n te d in the A - s e r i e s ta b le s , b eca u se e ith e r (1 ) em p lo y m en t in the occu pation is to o s m a ll to p ro v id e enough data to m e r it p re s e n ta tio n , o r (2 ) th e re is p o s s ib ility o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d ivid u al e s ta b lish m en t data. E arn in gs data not shown s e p a ra te ly fo r in d u stry d iv is io n s a r e in clu ded in a ll in d u s trie s com b in ed data, w h e re shown. L ik e w is e , data a r e in clu d ed in the o v e r a ll c la s s ific a tio n when a sub c la s s ific a tio n o f e le c tr o n ic s te c h n ic ia n s , s e c r e t a r ie s , o r t r u c k d r iv e r s is not shown o r in fo rm a tio n to s u b c la s s ify is not a v a ila b le . M eth o d w a ge tr e n d s . B o o k k eep in g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B C le rk s , accou nting, c la s s e s A and B C le r k s , f i l e , c la s s e s A , B, and C C le r k s , o r d e r C le rk s , p a y r o ll Keypunch o p e r a to r s , c la s s e s A and B M e s s e n g e r s (o ffic e b oys and g ir ls ) S e c r e ta r ie s S te n o g ra p h e rs , g e n e r a l S ten o g ra p h ers, s e n io r S w itch b oard o p e r a to r s , c la s s e s A and B T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e o p e r a to r s , c la s s B T y p is ts , c la s s e s A and B T h e s e s u rv e y s m e a s u re the l e v e l o f o ccu p ation al e a rn in g s in an a r e a at a p a r tic u la r tim e . C o m p a riso n s o f in d ivid u a l occu p ation al a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y not r e fle c t e x p ected w age changes. T h e a v e r a g e s fo r in d ivid u a l jo b s a r e a ffe c te d b y changes in w a ges and em p loym en t p a ttern s. F o r e x a m p le , p ro p o rtio n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e f ir m s m a y ch an ge, o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y ad van ce to b e tte r jo b s and be r e p la c e d by new w o r k e r s at lo w e r ra te s . Such sh ifts in em p loym en t could d e c r e a s e an o ccu p ation al a v e r a g e even though m o st e sta b lish m en ts in an a r e a in c r e a s e w a g es during the y e a r . T re n d s in e a rn in g s o f occu p ation al g ro u p s, shown in ta b le s A - 7 and A - 8, a r e b e tte r in d ic a to rs o f w a ge tren d s than in d ivid u a l jo b s w ith in the grou p s. 1 Personal visits were on a 2-year cycle before July 1972. 2 Included in the 94 areas are 8 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are Austin, T e x . ; Binghamton, N .Y . — P a .; Durham, N. C . ; Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood and West Palm Beach, F la .; Huntsville, A l a . ; Lexington, K y . ; Melbourne—Titusville—Cocoa, F la .; and Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y . In addition, the Bureau conducts more lim ited area studies in approximately 70 areas at the request o f the Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department o f Labor. c o m p u tin g O ffic e c l e r i c a l (m en and w o m e n ): O ccu pation al em p lo ym en t and ea rn in gs data a r e shown fo r fu ll- tim e w o r k e r s , i. e . , th ose h ir e d to w o rk a r e g u la r w e e k ly schedu le. E a rn in gs data ex clu d e p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r tim e and fo r w o rk on w eek en d s, h o lid a y s , and la te sh ifts. N on produ ction bonuses a re ex clu d ed , but c o s to f- liv in g a llo w a n c e s and in c e n tiv e bonuses a re in clu ded. W e e k ly hours fo r o ffic e c le r ic a l and p r o fe s s io n a l and te c h n ic a l occu pation s r e f e r to the stan dard w o rk w e e k (rou nded to the n e a re s t h a lf h ou r) fo r w h ich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e r e g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay fo r o v e r tim e at r e g u la r and/or p re m iu m r a te s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly ea rn in gs fo r th e s e occu pation s a r e rounded to the n e a re s t h a lf d o lla r. A v e r a g e ea rn in gs r e fle c t c o m p o s ite , a re a w id e e s tim a te s . In d u stries and e sta b lish m en ts d iffe r in pay le v e l and jo b s ta ffin g , and thus con trib u te d iffe r e n tly to the e s tim a te s fo r each jo b . P a y a v e ra g e s m ay fa il to r e fle c t a c c u r a te ly the w a ge d iffe r e n t ia l am ong jo b s in in d ivid u a l e s ta b lish m en ts. o f O c c u p a tio n s used to c o m p u te w a ge tre n d s a re: In d u s tria l n u rses (m en and w o m e n ): N u rs e s , in d u s tria l (r e g is t e r e d ) S k illed m ain ten an ce (m e n ): C a rp e n te rs E le c tr ic ia n s M a ch in ists M ech an ics M ech a n ics (a u to m o tiv e ) P a in te r s P ip e fit t e r s T o o l and d ie m a k e rs U n sk illed plant (m e n ): J a n ito rs , p o r te r s , and c le a n e rs L a b o r e r s , m a te r ia l handling In d exes fo r in d ivid u a l a r e a s in the p r o g r a m a r e com puted as fo llo w s : 1. Each occu p ation is a s s ig n e d a w e ig h t based on its p ro p o rtio n a te em p lo ym en t in the s e le c te d grou p o f occu p ation s in the b a se y e a r . 2. T h e s e w e ig h ts a r e used to com pu te grou p a v e r a g e s . Each o c c u p a tio n s a v e ra g e (m ean ) ea rn in gs is m u ltip lie d b y its w eigh t. Th e p rod u cts a r e to ta led to obtain a grou p a v e ra g e . 3. T h e r a tio o f grou p a v e r a g e s fo r 2 c o n s e c u tiv e y e a r s is com puted by d ivid in g the a v e r a g e fo r the c u rre n t y e a r by the a v e r a g e fo r the e a r lie r y e a r . The re s u lts — e x p re s s e d as a p e rc e n t— le s s 100 is the p e r c e n t change. 4. Th e c u rre n t y e a r 's in dex is obtained by m u ltip ly in g the p re v io u s y e a r 's in dex by the r a tio o f the c u rre n t y e a r 's grou p a v e r a g e to the p re v io u s y e a r 's grou p a v e r a g e . 21 L im ita tio n s o f data. In d exes and p erc e n ts o f change in a r e a a v e r a g e s , as p re s e n te d in ta b le A - 7 , a r e in flu en ced b y (1 ) g e n e r a l s a la r y and w age ch an ges, (2 ) m e r it o r o th er pay in c r e a s e s r e c e iv e d in the s a m e jo b , (3 ) ch an ges in a v e r a g e w a g es due to la b o r t u r n o v e r , fo r c e expansions o r re d u c tio n s , and (4 ) ch an ges re s u ltin g when esta b lis h m e n ts e n te r and le a v e the a re a . O ccu p ation al a v e r a g e s can in c r e a s e o r d e c r e a s e without any actu a l change in w a g e s . F o r ex a m p le , even though a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts g iv e w a ge in c r e a s e s , a v e r a g e w a g e s m ay d e c lin e b eca u se lo w e r payin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts e n te r the a r e a o r expand th e ir w o rk fo r c e s . S im ila r ly , w a ges m a y rem a in r e la t iv e ly con stan t, y e t a v e r a g e s r is e b eca u se h ig h e r-p a y in g e sta b lish m en ts e n te r the a r e a o r expand th e ir w o rk fo r c e . A s m en tio n ed , data in ta b le A - 8 a r e a dju sted to r e m o v e som e o f the lim ita tio n s to the in fo rm a tio n in ta b le A - 7 , p a r tic u la r ly changes re s u ltin g fr o m fo r c e expansions o r red u ctio n s and f r o m the ad d ition o r d e le tio n o f e sta b lish m en ts in the s u rv e y sa m p le. E s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c t ic e s and su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s T h e B - s e r i e s ta b le s p ro v id e in fo rm a tio n on e s ta b lis h m e n t p r a c tic e s and su p p lem en tary w a ge p r o v is io n s fo r plant and o ffic e w o r k e r s . " P la n t w o r k e r s " in clu de w o rk in g fo re m e n and a ll n o n s u p e rv is o ry w o r k e r s (in clu d in g lea d m en and tr a in e e s ) e n ga ged in n o n o ffic e fu n ction s. C a fe te r ia w o r k e r s and rou tem en a r e exclu d ed fr o m m an u fa ctu rin g, but inclu ded in nonm anufacturing in d u s trie s . " O ffic e w o r k e r s " inclu de w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s and n o n s u p e rv is o ry w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r r e la te d fu n ction s. A d m in is tr a tiv e , e x e c u tiv e , and p ro fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e s a re exclu ded. M in im u m en tra n c e s a la r ie s f o r o ffic e w o r k e r s r e la te only to the e sta b lish m en ts v is ite d . (See ta b le B - l . ) B eca u se o f the optim u m sam p lin g tech n iqu es used and the p ro b a b ility that la r g e esta b lis h m e n ts a r e m o r e lik e ly than s m a ll esta b lis h m e n ts to h a ve fo r m a l en tran ce ra te s ab ove the s u b c le r ic a l le v e l, the ta b le is m o r e re p r e s e n ta tiv e o f p o lic ie s in m ed iu m and la r g e esta b lis h m e n ts . Shift d iffe r e n t ia l data a r e lim it e d to plant w o r k e r s in m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s . (See ta b le B - 2 .) T h is in fo rm a tio n is p re s e n te d in t e r m s o f (1 ) esta b lish m en t p o l i c y 3 fo r to ta l plant w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t, and (2 ) e ffe c t iv e p r a c tic e fo r w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d on the s p e c ifie d sh ift at the tim e o f the s u rv e y . In esta b lis h m e n ts h avin g v a r ie d d iffe r e n t ia ls , the amount a pplyin g to a m a jo r it y is used; i f no amount a p p lie s to a m a jo r it y , the c la s s ific a tio n " o t h e r " is used. In esta b lis h m e n ts h avin g som e la t e - s h ift hou rs paid at n o r m a l r a te s , a d iffe r e n c e is r e c o r d e d only i f it a p p lie s to a m a jo r it y o f the sh ift h o u rs. A secon d (e v e n in g ) sh ift ends w o rk at o r n e a r m id n igh t. A th ir d (n igh t) sh ift s ta rts w o rk at o r n e a r m id n igh t. T h e sch ed u led w e e k ly hou rs and days o f a m a jo r it y o f the f ir s t - s h ift w o r k e r s in an esta b lis h m e n t a r e tab u lated as a p p lyin g to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s o f that e s ta b lish m en t. (See ta b le B - 3 .) S chedu led w e e k ly hou rs and days a re th o se w h ich a m a jo r ity o f fu ll- t im e e m p lo y e e s a r e e x p e c te d to w o rk fo r s tr a ig h t-tim e o r o v e r tim e ra te s . P a id h o lid a y s ; p aid v a c a tio n s ; and h ea lth , in s u ra n c e , and pen sion plans a r e tre a te d s t a t is t ic a lly as ap p lyin g to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y of such w o r k e r s a re e lig ib le o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify fo r the p r a c tic e s lis te d . (S ee ta b le s B -4 throu gh B - 6 .) Sums of in d iv id u a l ite m s in ta b le s B -2 th rou gh B -5 m a y not equ al to ta ls b ecau se o f rounding. T h e s u m m a ry o f va ca tio n plans is a s ta tis tic a l m e a s u re o f va c a tio n p r o v is io n s ra th er than a m e a s u re o f the p ro p o rtio n o f w o r k e r s a ctu a lly r e c e iv in g s p e c ific b e n e fits . (See ta b le B - 5 .) P r o v is io n s apply to a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s in an e sta b lish m en t r e g a r d le s s o f length of s e r v ic e . P a y m e n ts on oth er than a tim e b a s is a re c o n v e rte d to a tim e p e rio d ; fo r e x a m p le , 2 p ercen t of annual ea rn in gs a re c o n s id e re d equ iva len t to 1 w e e k 's pay. Only b a s ic plans a r e included. E s tim a te s ex clu d e va ca tio n bon u ses, v a c a tio n -s a v in g s p lan s, and "e x te n d e d " o r "s a b b a tic a l" b e n e fits beyon d b a s ic p lan s. Such p r o v is io n s a r e ty p ic a l in the s te e l, alum inum , and can in d u s trie s . H ea lth , in su ra n ce, and pension plans fo r w h ich the e m p lo y e r pays at le a s t a part of the c o st in clu d e th ose (1 ) u n d erw ritten by a c o m m e r c ia l in su ran ce com pany o r n on p rofit o rg a n iz a tio n , (2 ) p r o v id e d throu gh a union fund, o r (3 ) paid d ir e c t ly by the e m p lo y e r out of c u rre n t o p e ra tin g funds o r fr o m a fund set a sid e fo r th is p u rp ose. (See ta b le B - 6 .) An e sta b lish m en t is c o n s id e re d to have such a plan i f the m a jo r ity o f e m p lo y e e s a r e c o v e r e d even though le s s than a m a jo r it y p a rtic ip a te u nder the plan b ecau se e m p lo y e e s a r e re q u ire d to co n trib u te to w a rd the c o s t. E xclu d ed a re le g a lly re q u ire d p lan s, such as w o rk m e n 's com p en sation , s o c ia l s e c u r ity , and r a ilr o a d r e tir e m e n t. S ick n ess and a cc id e n t in su ra n ce is lim ite d to that typ e o f in su ra n ce under w hich p r e d e te rm in e d cash paym en ts a r e m ade d ir e c t ly to the in su red during te m p o r a r y illn e s s o r a ccid en t d is a b ility . In fo rm a tio n is p re s e n te d fo r a ll such plans to which the e m p lo y e r con trib u tes. H o w e v e r , in N ew Y o r k and N ew J e r s e y , w hich have enacted te m p o r a r y d is a b ility in su ran ce law s req u irin g e m p lo y e r c o n tr ib u tio n s ,4 plans a r e included only i f the e m p lo y e r (1 ) co n trib u tes m o re than is le g a lly r e q u ire d , o r (2) p ro v id e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n efits w hich e x c e e d the re q u ire m e n ts o f the law . T a b u lation s o f paid sick le a v e plans a r e lim ite d to fo r m a l plans 5 w hich p ro v id e fu ll pay o r a p ro p o rtio n o f the w o r k e r 's pay during ab sen ce fr o m w ork becau se o f illn e s s . Sep arate tabu lations a r e p re s e n te d a c c o rd in g to (1 ) plans which p ro v id e fu ll pay and no w a itin g p e rio d , and (2 ) plans w h ich p ro v id e e ith e r p a rtia l pay o r a w a itin g p e rio d . In addition to the p resen ta tio n o f p ro p o rtio n s o f w o r k e r s p ro v id e d sick n ess and a ccid en t in su ra n ce o r paid sick le a v e , an unduplicated to ta l is shown o f w o r k e r s who r e c e iv e e ith e r o r both ty p es o f b e n e fits . L o n g t e r m d is a b ility in su ran ce plans p ro v id e paym ents to to ta lly d isa b led e m p lo y e e s upon the e x p ira tio n o f t h e ir paid s ic k le a v e and/or sick n ess and accid en t in su ra n ce, o r a fte r a p r e d e te rm in e d p e r io d o f d is a b ility (ty p ic a lly 6 m on th s). P a y m en ts a re m ade u n til the end o f the d is a b ility , a m ax im u m a g e , o r e lig ib ilit y fo r re tir e m e n t b e n e fits . F u ll o r p a r tia l paym ents a re a lm o s t a lw a y s red u ced by s o c ia l s e c u r ity , w o rk m e n 's com p en sa tion , and p r iv a te pensions b en efits p ayab le to the d is a b le d e m p lo y e e . Data on p aid h o lid a y s a r e lim ite d to h o lid a y s gra n te d annually on a fo r m a l b a s is , w h ich (1 ) a r e p r o v id e d fo r in w ritte n fo r m , o r (2 ) a r e e s ta b lis h e d b y cu stom . (S ee ta b le B -4 .) H o lid a y s o r d in a r ily gra n te d a r e in clu ded e ven though th ey m a y fa ll on a non w orkday and the w o r k e r is not g ra n te d an oth er day o ff. T h e f ir s t p a rt o f the paid h o lid a y s ta b le p re s e n ts the n u m ber of w h ole and h a lf h o lid a y s a c tu a lly gra n ted . T h e secon d part com b in es w h ole and h a lf h o lid a y s to show to ta l h o lid a y t im e . T a b le B -4 a re p o r ts the in c id en ce o f the m o st com m on paid h o lid a y s . M a jo r m e d ic a l in su ran ce plans p r o te c t e m p lo y e e s fr o m sick n ess and in ju ry exp en ses beyond the c o v e r a g e o f b a s ic h o s p ita liz a tio n , m e d ic a l, and s u r g ic a l plans. T y p ic a l fe a tu re s o f m a jo r m e d ic a l plans a r e (1 ) a "d e d u c tib le " (e .g ., $ 5 0 ) paid by the in s u re d b e fo r e b en efits b egin ; (2 ) a coin su ra n ce fe a tu re re q u irin g the in su red to pay a p o rtio n (e .g . 20 p e r c e n t) o f c e rta in ex p e n s e s ; and (3) stated d o lla r m ax im u m b e n efits (e .g ., $ 10,000 a y e a r ). M e d ic a l in su ran ce p r o v id e s c o m p le te o r p a r tia l paym ent o f d o c to r s ' fe e s . D ental in su ran ce u su ally c o v e r s fillin g s , e x tr a c tio n s , and X - r a y s . E x clu d ed a r e plans w hich c o v e r on ly o r a l s u r g e r y o r accid en t d am age. R e tire m e n t pension plans p ro v id e paym ents fo r the r e m a in d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . 3 A n establishment was considered as having a p olicy if it met either o f the following conditions: (1 ) Operated late shifts at the time o f the survey, or (2 ) had formal provisions covering late shifts. An establishment was considered as having formal provisions if it (1 ) had operated late shifts during the 12 months before die survey, or (2 ) had provisions in written form to operate late shifts. 4 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 3 An establishment is considered as having a formal plan if it established at least the minimum number o f days sick leave available to each employee. Such a plan need not be written; but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual basis, are excluded. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Raleigh, N.C.,' by major industry division,2 December 1973 N u m b er o f estab lish m en ts In d u stry d iv is io n M in im u m em p loym en t in e s ta b lis h m ents in scop e o f study W o rk e rs in estab lish m en ts W ith in scope o f study W ith in scope o f study * Studied T o t a l4 Studied P la n t N u m ber O ffic e P e rc e n t T o t a l4 A i l d i v i s i o n s ____________________ ____________ . 207 92 40, 714 100 25,521 7,223 27, 124 M a n u fa c tu rin g ____________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g ________________________________ T ra n s p o rta tio n , co m m u n ica tion , and oth er public u tilitie s 5 __ __________________ W h o lesa le t r a d e _______________________________ R e ta il t r a d e ___________ ____ ___________________ F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e s t a t e ______ S e r v i c e s 8------------------------------------------------- 50 - 65 142 33 59 15,875 24,839 39 61 12,259 13,262 1,239 5, 984 16,109 50 50 50 50 50 17 30 49 27 19 1 1 8 5,422 2,352 10,066 4, 974 2,025 13 17 14 9 25 2, 904 (‘ ( ( 6 1 2 (6 5 11,015 4,746 896 5,736 3,660 1,071 829 (‘ ) (‘ ) (‘ ) b 1 The R a le ig h Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a , as d efin ed by the O ffic e o f M an agem en t and B udget through N o v e m b e r 1972, co n sists o f W ake County. T h e "w o r k e r s within scop e o f stu dy" e s tim a te s shown in th is ta b le p ro v id e a re a s o n a b ly a cc u ra te d e s c rip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r fo r c e in clu d ed in the s u rvey . E s tim a te s a r e not intended, h o w e v e r, fo r co m p a riso n w ith oth er em p loym en t in d exes to m e a s u re em p loym en t tren d s o r le v e ls sin ce (1 ) planning o f w age s u rv e y s re q u ir e s e sta b lish m en t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e ra b ly in advance o f the p a y r o ll p e rio d studied, and (2 ) s m a ll esta b lish m en ts a r e exclu d ed fr o m the scop e of the s u rvey . 2 The 1967 ed ition o f the Standard In d u stria l C la s s ific a tio n Manual w as used to c la s s ify esta b lish m en ts by in d u stry d iv is io n . 3 Inclu des a ll e sta b lish m en ts w ith to ta l em p lo ym en t at o r ab ove the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll ou tlets (w ith in the a r e a ) o f com p a n ies in in d u s trie s such as tra d e , fin a n ce, auto re p a ir s e r v ic e , and m otion p ictu re th e a te rs a r e c o n s id e re d as 1 e s ta b lish m en t. 4 Includes e x e c u tiv e , p ro fe s s io n a l, and o th er w o r k e r s exclu ded fr o m the sep a ra te plant and o ffic e c a te g o r ie s . 5 A b b re v ia te d to "p u b lic u t ilit ie s " in the A - and B - s e r ie s ta b les. T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w a te r tra n s p o rta tio n w e r e ex clu d ed . 6 T h is d iv is io n is r e p re s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s tr ie s " and "n on m an u factu rin g" in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s , and fo r " a ll in d u s tr ie s " in the B - s e r ie s ta b le s . S ep a ra te p resen ta tio n o f data is not m ade fo r one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g rea s o n s : (1 ) E m p loym en t is too s m a ll to p ro v id e enough data to m e r it sep a ra te study, (2 ) the sam p le w as not d esign ed in itia lly to p e rm it sep arate p re s e n ta tio n , (3 ) resp o n se w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequate to p e r m it s ep a ra te p resen ta tio n , and (4 ) th e re is p o s s ib ility o f d is c lo s u r e o f in d ivid u a l esta b lish m en t data. 7 W o rk e rs fr o m th is e n tire d iv is io n a re r e p re s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s tr ie s " and "n on m a n u fa ctu rin g" in the A - s e r ie s ta b le s , but fr o m the r e a l esta te p ortion only in es tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s tr ie s " in the B - s e r ie s ta b le s . S ep a ra te p resen ta tio n of data is not m ade fo r one o r m o r e o f the re a s o n s giv e n in footn ote 6. 8 H otels and m o te ls ; lau n d ries and oth er p e rs o n a l s e r v ic e s : b u sin ess s e r v ic e s ; a u tom ob ile r e p a ir , re n ta l, and p ark in g; m otion p ic tu re s ; n on p rofit m e m b e rs h ip o rg a n iza tio n s (exclu din g r e lig io u s and ch a rita b le o rg a n iz a tio n s ); and e n g in e e rin g and a rc h ite c tu ra l s e r v ic e s . In d u s tria l co m p o sitio n in m an u factu rin g O v e r on e -th ird o f the w o rk e rs within scop e o f the s u rv e y in the R a le ig h a r e a w e re em p loyed in m an u factu rin g fir m s . T h e fo llo w in g p re s e n ts the m a jo r in du stry grou ps and s p e c ific in d u stries as p e rc e n t o f a ll m an u factu rin g: In d u stry grou ps S p e c ific in d u stries E le c t r ic a l equ ipm ent and s u p p lies ---- -------27 F o o d and kin d red products — a— 17 T e x t ile m ill p r o d u c ts ---------------- 12 A p p a re l and oth er te x tile products —----------------------------- 9 F a b ric a te d m e ta l p r o d uc t s — 7 M a c h in e ry , ex cep t e le c t r ic a l— 6 P r in tin g and p u b lish in g.---------— 6 M is c e lla n e o u s m an u factu rin g in d u s tr ie s ----------------------------- 5 L a b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n t c o v e r a g e T h e fo llo w in g tabu lation shows the p e rc e n t o f plant and o ffic e w o rk e rs em p loyed in e sta b lish m en ts in w hich a c o n tra c t o r co n tra cts c o v e r e d a m a jo r ity o f the w o r k e r s in the r e s p e c t iv e c a t e g o r ie s , R a le ig h , N .C ., D e c e m b e r 1973; E le c t r ic te s t and d istrib u tin g e q u ip m e n t----------------------------- 11 M ea t p ro d u cts-------------------------- 8 C om m u n ication equ ipm en t------6 E le c tr o n ic com ponents and a c c e s s o r ie s ---------------------------- 5 M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa ctu res----- 5 T e x t ile fin is h in g , excep t w ool.-------------------------------------- 5 ' P la n t w o r k e r s A l l in d u s trie s ____________________ M a n u fa c tu rin g ___________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s __________________ O ffic e w o rk e rs 3 24 A n e sta b lish m en t is c o n s id e re d to have a co n tra c t c o v e r in g a ll plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r it y o f such w o r k e r s a r e c o v e r e d by a la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t a g re e m e n t. T h e r e fo r e , a ll oth er plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s a r e e m p lo y ed in estab lish m en ts that eith er do not have la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t co n tra cts in e ffe c t , o r have co n tra cts that apply to fe w e r than h a lf o f th e ir plant o r o ffic e w o r k e r s . E s tim a te s a r e not n e c e s s a r ily re p r e s e n ta tiv e o f the extent to w hich a ll w o r k e r s in the a r e a m a y be c o v e r e d by the p ro v is io n s o f la b o r-m a n a gem en t a g r e e m e n ts , b eca u se s m a ll esta b lish m en ts a r e exclu d ed and the in d u s tria l scope o f the s u rv e y is lim ite d . T h is in fo rm a tio n is b a sed on e s tim a te s o f to ta l em p lo ym en t d e r iv e d fr o m u n iv e rs e m a te r ia ls c o m p ile d b e fo r e actu al s u rv e y . P r o p o r tio n s in v a rio u s in d u stry d iv is io n s m a y d iffe r fr o m p ro p o rtio n s b a sed on the r e s u lts o f the s u rv e y as shown in the appendix ta b le . 21 24 50 23 Appendix B. Occupational Descriptions T h e p r im a r y pu rp ose o f p re p a rin g jo b d e s c rip tio n s fo r the B u rea u 's w age su rv e y s is to a s s is t its fie ld s ta ff in c la s s ify in g into a p p ro p ria te occu p ation s w o rk e rs who a re em p lo y e d under a v a r ie ty o f p a y r o ll t itle s and d iffe r e n t w o rk a rra n g e m e n ts fr o m e sta b lish m en t to esta b lish m en t and fr o m a r e a to a re a . T h is p e r m its the grou pin g o f occu pation al w age ra te s r e p re s e n tin g co m p a ra b le jo b content. B eca u se o f th is em phasis on in te re s ta b lis h m e n t and in te r a r e a c o m p a r a b ility o f o ccu p ation al content, the B u rea u 's jo b d e s c rip tio n s m a y d iffe r s ig n ific a n tly fr o m th ose in use in in d ivid u al e sta b lish m en ts o r th ose p re p a re d fo r o th e r p u rp oses. In a pplyin g th ese jo b d e s c rip tio n s , the B u rea u 's fie ld eco n o m is ts a r e in stru cted to e x clu d e w ork in g s u p e r v is o r s ; a p p ren tices; le a r n e r s ; b egin n ers; t r a in e e s ; and handicapped, p a r t - t im e , te m p o r a r y , and p ro b a tio n a ry w o r k e r s . O F FIC E C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G — Continued B IL L E R , M A C H IN E P r e p a r e s sta tem en ts, b ills , and in v o ic e s on a m ach in e o th e r than an o r d in a r y o r e le c t r o m a tic ty p e w r ite r . M a y a ls o keep r e c o r d s as to b illin g s o r shipping c h a rg e s o r p e r fo r m oth er c le r ic a l w o rk in cid en ta l to b illin g o p e ra tio n s . F o r w a ge study p u rp o ses, b ille r s , m a ch in e, a r e c la s s ifie d by typ e of m a ch in e, as fo llo w s : P o s itio n s a r e c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b a sis o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s . C la s s A . U nder g e n e ra l su p e rv is io n , p e r fo r m s accounting c le r ic a l o p e ra tio n s w hich re q u ir e the a p p lica tio n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d gm en t, fo r e x a m p le, c le r ic a lly p ro c e s s in g c o m p lic a te d o r n o n re p e titiv e accou n tin g tra n s a c tio n s , s e le c tin g am ong a substantial v a r ie ty o f p r e s c r ib e d accounting co d es and c la s s ific a tio n s , o r tr a c in g tra n s a c tio n s through p re v io u s accounting action s to d e te rm in e s o u rce o f d is c r e p a n c ie s . M a y be a s s is te d by one o r m o r e c la s s B accounting c le r k s . B ille r , m ach in e (b illin g m a c h in e ). U ses a s p e c ia l b illin g m ach in e (co m b in a tio n typing and adding m a ch in e) to p re p a r e b ills and in v o ic e s fr o m c u s to m e rs ' pu rch ase o r d e r s , in t e r n a lly p re p a re d o r d e r s , shipping m em o ra n d u m s, e tc . U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lica tio n o f p r e d e te rm in e d discou n ts and shipping c h a rg e s and e n try o f n e c e s s a ry e x te n s io n s , w hich m a y o r m a y not be com puted on the b illin g m a ch in e, and to ta ls which a re a u to m a tic a lly accu m u lated by m a ch in e. T h e o p e ra tio n u su a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e num ber o f carbon c o p ie s o f the b ill being p re p a re d and is often done on a fa n fo ld m a ch in e. B ille r , m ach in e (b ook k eep in g m a c h in e ). U ses a bookkeeping m a ch in e (w ith o r without a ty p e w r it e r k e y b o a rd ) to p r e p a r e c u s to m e r s ' b ills as p a rt o f the accounts r e c e iv a b le o p e r a tion . G e n e r a lly in v o lv e s the sim u ltan eou s e n try o f fig u r e s on c u s to m e rs ' le d g e r r e c o r d . Th e m ach in e a u to m a tic a lly a ccu m u la tes fig u r e s on a num ber o f v e r t ic a l colu m ns and com putes and u su a lly p rin ts a u to m a tic a lly the d eb it o r c r e d it b a la n ces. D oes not in v o lv e a k n ow l ed ge o f book k eep in g. W ork s fr o m u n ifo rm and standard typ es o f s a le s and c r e d it s lip s . C la s s B . U nder c lo s e s u p e rv is io n , fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in stru ctio n s and sta n d a rd ized p r o c e d u re s , p e r fo r m s one o r m o r e rou tine accounting c le r ic a l o p e ra tio n s , such as postin g to le d g e r s , c a rd s , o r w o rk s h e e ts w h e re id e n tific a tio n o f ite m s and lo ca tio n s o f p ostin gs a r e c le a r ly in d ica ted ; ch eck in g a c c u ra c y and co m p le te n e s s o f s ta n d a rd ized and r e p e titiv e re c o r d s o r accounting docum ents; and codin g docum ents using a fe w p r e s c r ib e d accounting co d e s . C L E R K , F IL E F ile s , c la s s ifie s , and r e t r ie v e s m a te r ia l in an es ta b lis h e d filin g s y s te m . M a y p e r fo r m c le r ic a l and m anual tasks re q u ire d to m ain tain file s * P o s itio n s a r e c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b a sis o f the fo llo w in g d efin itio n s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e ra te s a b ookkeepin g m ach in e (w ith o r w ithout a ty p e w r ite r k ey b o a rd ) to keep a r e c o r d o f bu sin ess tra n s a c tio n s . C la s s A . K ee p s a set o f re c o r d s re q u irin g a kn ow ledge o f and e x p e r ie n c e in b asic book k eep in g p r in c ip le s , and f a m ilia r it y w ith the stru ctu re o f the p a r tic u la r accounting system used. D e te rm in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and d is trib u tio n o f d eb it and c r e d it ite m s to be used in each phase o f the w o rk . M a y p r e p a r e con s o lid a te d r e p o r ts , balance sh eets, and o th er re c o r d s by hand. C la s s B. K ee p s a r e c o r d o f one o r m o r e p hases o r section s o f a set o f re c o r d s u su ally re q u ir in g lit t le k n ow led ge o f b a s ic book k eep in g. P h a ses o r section s inclu de accounts p ayab le, p a y r o ll, c u s to m e r s ' accounts (not in clu din g a s im p le typ e o f b illin g d e s c r ib e d under b ille r , m a c h in e ), c o s t d is trib u tio n , exp en se d is trib u tio n , in v e n to ry c o n tro l, e tc. M a y check o r a s s is t in p re p a ra tio n o f t r ia l b a la n ces and p r e p a r e c o n tro l sh eets fo r the accou n tin g d ep artm en t. C L E R K , A C C O U N T IN G P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e accounting c le r ic a l tasks such as posting to r e g is t e r s and le d g e r s ; r e c o n c ilin g bank accou nts; v e r ify in g the in tern a l c o n s is te n c y , c o m p le te n e s s , and m a th em a tica l a c c u ra c y o f accounting docu m en ts; a ssig n in g p r e s c r ib e d accounting d is trib u tio n co d es; ex am in in g and v e r ify in g fo r c le r ic a l a c c u ra c y v a rio u s typ es o f r e p o r ts , lis t s , c a lc u la tio n s , p ostin g, etc .; o r p re p a rin g s im p le o r a s s is tin g in p re p a rin g m o r e c o m p lic a te d jou rn a l vo u c h e rs . M a y w o rk in e ith e r a m anual o r autom ated accounting sys te m . T h e w o rk re q u ir e s a k n ow led ge o f c le r ic a l m eth ods and o ffic e p r a c tic e s and p ro c e d u re s w hich r e la te s to the c le r ic a l p r o c e s s in g and re c o r d in g o f tra n sa ctio n s and accounting in fo rm a tio n . W ith e x p e r ie n c e , the w o r k e r t y p ic a lly b eco m es fa m ilia r with the bookkeeping and accounting te rm s and p ro c e d u re s used in the a ssig n ed w o rk , but is not re q u ire d to have a k n ow led ge o f the fo r m a l p rin c ip le s o f b ookkeepin g and accou n tin g. 24 C la s s A . C la s s ifie s and in d ex es file m a te r ia l such as c o rre s p o n d e n c e , re p o r ts , te c h n ic a l docu m en ts, e tc ., in an esta b lis h e d filin g system con tain in g a num ber o f v a r ie d su b ject m a tte r f ile s . M a y a ls o file th is m a t e r ia l. M a y keep r e c o r d s o f v a rio u s typ es in conjunction w ith the file s . M a y lea d a s m a ll group o f lo w e r le v e l f i l e c le r k s . C la s s B . S o rts , c o d e s , and file s ings o r p a r tly c la s s ifie d m a te r ia l by c r o s s - r e fe r e n c e a id s. A s req u ested , w a rd s m a te r ia l. M a y p e r fo r m r e la te d u n c la s s ifie d m a te r ia l by s im p le (s u b je c t m a tte r) h ead fin e r subheadings. P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la te d in d ex and lo c a te s c le a r ly id e n tifie d m a te r ia l in file s and f o r c le r ic a l tasks re q u ire d to m a in ta in and s e r v ic e f ile s . C la s s C . P e r fo r m s rou tine filin g o f m a te r ia l that has a lre a d y been c la s s ifie d o r which is e a s ily c la s s ifie d in a sim p le s e r ia l c la s s ific a tio n s y stem (e .g ., a lp h a b e tic a l, c h ro n o lo g ic a l, o r n u m e ric a l). A s re q u e s te d , lo c a te s re a d ily a v a ila b le m a te r ia l in file s and fo rw a rd s m a t e r ia l; and m a y f i l l out w ith d raw al c h a rg e . M a y p e r fo r m s im p le c le r ic a l and manual tasks r e q u ir e d to m ain tain and s e r v ic e file s . C L E R K , ORDER R e c e iv e s c u s to m e r s ' o r d e r s fo r m a te r ia l o r m e rc h a n d is e by m a il, phone, o r p e rs o n a lly . D uties in v o lv e any com b in ation o f the fo llo w in g : Quoting p r ic e s to c u s to m e rs ; m aking out an o r d e r sh eet lis tin g the ite m s to m ake up the o r d e r ; ch eckin g p r ic e s and qu an tities o f ite m s on o r d e r sheet; and d is trib u tin g o r d e r sheets to r e s p e c tiv e dep a rtm en ts to be fille d . M a y check with c r e d it d ep a rtm en t to d e te rm in e c r e d it ra tin g o ( c u s to m e r, a ck n ow led ge r e c e ip t of o r d e r s fr o m cu s to m e rs , fo llo w up o r d e r s to s ee that th ey have been fille d , keep file o f o r d e r s r e c e iv e d , and ch eck shipping in v o ic e s w ith o rig in a l o r d e r s . CLERK, PA Y R O LL C om putes w ages o f com pan y e m p lo y e e s and en te rs the n e c e s s a r y data on the p a y r o ll s h eets. D u ties in v o lv e : C a lcu la tin g w o r k e r s ' ea rn in gs based on tim e o r produ ction r e c o r d s ; and postin g ca lc u la te d data on p a y r o ll sh eet, show ing in fo rm a tio n such as w o r k e r 's nam e, w o rk in g d ays, tim e , ra te , deductions f o r in su ra n ce, and to ta l w ages due. M ay m ake out paych ecks and a s s is t p a y m a s te r in m ak in g up and d is trib u tin g pay en v e lo p e s . M ay use a ca lcu la tin g m ach in e. KEYPUNCH OPERATOR SECRETARY— Continued O p e ra te s a keypunch tabu latin g c a rd s o r on tap e. m ach in e to r e c o r d o r v e r ify a lph abetic and/or n u m eric data on P o s itio n s a r e c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b a sis o f the fo llo w in g d efin itio n s . C la s s A . W ork re q u ir e s the a p p lic a tio n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju dgm ent in s e le c tin g p r o c e du res to be fo llo w e d and in s e a rc h in g fo r , in te r p r e tin g , s e le c tin g , o r codin g ite m s to be keypunched fr o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u rce docu m ents. On o c c a s ig n m a y a lso p e r fo r m som e rou tine keypunch w o rk . M a y tra in in e x p e rie n c e d keypunch o p e r a to r s . N O T E : Th e te r m "c o r p o r a te o ffic e r , " used in the le v e l d efin itio n s fo llo w in g , r e fe r s to th ose o ffic ia ls who have a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a te -w id e p o licy m a k in g r o le with re g a rd to m a jo r com pany a c t iv it ie s . T h e t it le " v ic e p r e s id e n t ," though n o rm a lly in d ic a tiv e o f th is r o le , does not in all c a s e s id e n tify such p o s itio n s . V ic e p re s id e n ts w hose p r im a r y r e s p o n s ib ility is to act p e r so n a lly on in d ivid u a l c a s e s o r tra n s a c tio n s (e .g ., a p p ro ve o r deny individu al loan o r c r e d it action s; a d m in is te r in d ivid u a l tru st accounts; d ir e c t ly s u p e rv is e a c le r ic a l s ta ff) a re not c o n sid ered to be " c o r p o r a te o f f i c e r s " fo r pu rp oses o f ap p lyin g the fo llo w in g le v e l d e fin itio n s . C la s s A a ll, C la s s B . W ork is rou tin e and r e p e titiv e . U nder c lo s e s u p e rv is io n o r fo llo w in g s p e c ific p r o c e d u r e s o r in s tru c tio n s , w o rk s fr o m v a rio u s sta n d a rd ize d sou rce docum ents which have been cod ed , and fo llo w s s p e c ifie d p ro c e d u re s w hich h ave been p r e s c r ib e d in d e ta il and re q u ire lit t le o r no s e le c tin g , co d in g, o r in te rp re tin g o f data to be r e c o r d e d . R e fe r s to s u p e r v is o r p ro b le m s a r is in g fr o m e rro n e o u s ite m s o r codes o r m is s in g in fo rm a tio n . M E S S E N G E R (O ffic e 1. S e c r e ta r y to the ch a irm a n o f the board o r p re s id e n t o f a com pany that em p lo y s , in o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5,000 p e r s o n s ; o r 2. S e c r e ta r y to a c o r p o r a te o f f ic e r (o th e r than the ch airm an o f the board o r p re s id e n t) o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 but fe w e r than 25, 000 p e rs o n s ; o r 3. S e c r e ta r y to the head, im m e d ia te ly b elow the c o rp o ra te o ffic e r le v e l, segm en t o r s u b s id ia ry o f a com pany that em p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 25,000 p e r s o n s . o f a m a jo r C la s s B B oy o r G ir l) 1. S e c r e ta r y to the ch airm an o f the board o r p re s id e n t o f a com pany that em p lo ys, in fe w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r P e r fo r m s v a r io u s rou tin e du ties such as running e rra n d s , o p e ra tin g m in o r o ffic e m a ch in es such as s e a le r s o r m a ile r s , opening and d is trib u tin g m a il, and o th er m in o r c le r ic a l w o rk . E xclu d e p o s itio n s that r e q u ir e o p e ra tio n o f a m o to r v e h ic le as a s ig n ific a n t duty. a ll, SECRETARY 3. S e c r e ta r y to the head, im m e d ia te ly b e lo w the o ffic e r le v e l, o v e r e ith e r a m a jo r c o r p o r a te -w id e fu n ction al a c tiv ity (e .g ., m a rk e tin g , re s e a r c h , o p era tio n s, in d u stria l r e la tio n s , e tc .) o r a m a jo r g e o g ra p h ic o r o rg a n iz a tio n a l segm en t (e .g ., a re g io n a l h ead qu arters; a m a jo r d iv is io n ) o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5,000 but fe w e r than 25,000 e m p lo y e e s ; o r A s s ig n e d as p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o rm a lly to one in d ivid u a l. M ain tain s a c lo s e and h ig h ly re s p o n s iv e r e la tio n s h ip to the d a y -to -d a y w o rk o f the s u p e r v is o r . W orks f a ir ly in d ep en d en tly r e c e iv in g a m in im u m o f d e ta ile d s u p e rv is io n and gu idan ce. P e r fo r m s v a r ie d c le r ic a l and s e c r e t a r ia l d u ties, u su a lly in clu d in g m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : a. R e c e iv e s teleph on e c a lls , p e rs o n a l c a lle r s , and in co m in g in q u ire s , and rou tes te c h n ic a l in q u irie s to the p r o p e r p e rs o n s ; m a in ta in s, m a il, a n sw ers b. E s ta b lis h e s , c. R e la y s m e s s a g e s fr o m 4. S e c r e ta r y to the head o f an in d ivid u al plant, fa c to r y , e tc . (o r oth er equ ivalen t le v e l o f o ffic ia l) that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5,000 p e r s o n s ; o r 5. S e c r e ta r y to the head o f a la r g e and im p orta n t o rg a n iza tio n a l segm en t (e .g ., a m id d le m a n agem en t s u p e r v is o r o f an o rg a n iz a tio n a l segm en t often in v o lv in g as m any as s e v e r a l hundred p e rs o n s ) o r a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 25,000 p e r s o n s . M ain tain s the s u p e r v is o r 's ca le n d a r and m ak es appointm ents as in stru cted ; d. rou tine 2. S e c r e ta r y to a c o rp o ra te o f f ic e r (o th e r than the ch a irm a n o f the board o r p resid en t) o f a com pany that e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but fe w e r than 5,000 p e r s o n s ; o r and r e v is e s the s u p e r v is o r 's file s ; C la s s C s u p e r v is o r to su bordin ates; e. R e v ie w s c o rre s p o n d e n c e , m em o ra n d u m s, and re p o r ts p re p a re d s u p e r v is o r 's sign a tu re to a s s u re p ro c e d u ra l and ty p o g ra p h ic a cc u ra c y ; f. P e r fo r m s by oth e rs fo r the 1. S e c r e ta r y to an e x e c u tiv e o r m a n a g e ria l p erso n w hose re s p o n s ib ility is not equ ivalen t to one o f the s p e c ific le v e l situ ations in the d e fin itio n fo r c la s s B , but w hose org a n iza tio n a l unit n o r m a lly n u m bers at le a s t s e v e r a l dozen e m p lo y e e s and is u su ally d ivid ed into o rg a n iz a tio n a l segm en ts w hich a r e o ften , in turn, fu rth e r subdivided. In som e co m p a n ies, this le v e l in clu d es a w id e ra n ge o f o rg a n iz a tio n a l ech elon s; in o th e rs , o n ly one o r tw o; jor 2. S e c r e ta r y to the head o f an in d ivid u al plant, fa c to ry , e tc . (o r oth er equ ivalen t le v e l o f o ffic ia l) that em p lo y s , in a ll, fe w e r than 5,000 p e r s o n s . sten o gra p h ic and typ in g w o rk . M ay a ls o p e r fo r m o th er c le r ic a l and s e c r e t a r ia l ta sk s o f co m p a ra b le n atu re and d iffic u lty . Th e w o rk ty p ic a lly re q u ir e s k n ow led ge o f o ffic e rou tin e and understanding o f the o rg a n iza tio n , p r o g r a m s , and p ro c e d u re s r e la te d to the w ork o f the s u p e r v is o r . E x clu sion s Not a ll p o sitio n s that a r e title d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s the above c h a r a c te r is tic s . o f p o sitio n s w h ich a r e exclu d ed fr o m the d e fin itio n a re as fo llo w s : E x a m p les C la s s D 1. S e c r e ta r y to the s u p e r v is o r o r head o f a s m a ll o rg a n iza tio n a l unit (e .g ., fe w e r than about 25 o r 30 p e rs o n s ); m* 2. S e c r e ta r y to a n o n s u p e rv is o ry s ta ff s p e c ia lis t, p ro fe s s io n a l e m p lo y e e , a d m in is tra t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a ssista n t, s k ille d tech n ician o r e x p e rt. (N O T E : M any com pan ies assign s te n o g ra p h e rs , ra th e r than s e c r e t a r ie s as d e s c rib e d ab ove, to th is le v e l o f s u p e rv is o ry o r n o n s u p e rv is o ry w o r k e r .) STENOGRAPHER a. P o s itio n s w hich do not m e e t the " p e r s o n a l" s e c re ta ry b. con cept d e s c r ib e d above; S ten o gra p h ers not fu lly tra in e d in s e c r e t a r ia l typ e du ties; c. S ten o gra p h ers s e r v in g as o ffic e a ss is ta n ts to a grou p o f p r o fe s s io n a l, te c h n ic a l, o r m a n a g e ria l p e rs o n s ; d. S e c r e ta r y p ositio n s in w hich the du ties a r e e ith e r su bsta n tia lly m o r e rou tin e o r su b sta n tia lly m o r e c o m p le x and re s p o n s ib le than th ose c h a r a c te r iz e d in the d e fin itio n ; P r im a r y duty is to take d icta tio n usin g shorthand, and to tra n s c r ib e the d ictation . M ay a ls o typ e fr o m w ritte n cop y. M a y o p e ra te fr o m a sten ogra p h ic p o o l. M ay o c c a s io n a lly tra n s c rib e fr o m v o ic e r e c o r d in g s ( i f p r im a r y duty is tra n s c r ib in g fr o m re c o r d in g s , see T ra n s c rib in g -M a c h in e O p e r a to r , G e n e ra l). N O T E : T h is jo b is d istin gu ish ed fr o m that o f a s e c r e ta r y in that a s e c r e ta r y n o rm a lly w ork s in a co n fid e n tia l re la tio n s h ip w ith on ly one m a n a g er o r e x e c u tiv e and p e r fo r m s m o r e re s p o n s ib le and d is c r e tio n a r y tasks as d e s c r ib e d in the s e c r e t a r y jo b d efin itio n . S ten o gra p h er, G en era l e. A s s is ta n t typ e p o sitio n s w hich in v o lv e m o r e d iffic u lt o r m o r e re s p o n s ib le te c h n ic a l, a d m in is tr a tiv e , s u p e r v is o r y , o r s p e c ia liz e d c le r ic a l du ties w hich a r e not ty p ic a l o f s e c r e t a r ia l w o rk . D icta tio n in v o lv e s a n o rm a l rou tin e v o c a b u la ry . M a y m ain tain f ile s , keep sim p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r fo r m o th er r e la t iv e ly rou tin e c le r ic a l task s. STENOGRAPHER— Continued TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (Electric Accounting Machine Operator)— Continued S ten o g ra p h e r, S en io r or P o s itio n s a re c la s s ifie d into le v e ls on the b asis o f the fo llo w in g d efin itio n s. D icta tio n in v o lv e s a v a r ie d tech n ica l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la ry such as in le g a l b r ie fs re p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h . M a y a ls o set up and m ain tain f ile s , keep r e c o r d s , etc. C la s s A . P e r fo r m s c o m p lete re p o rtin g and tabu latin g a ssign m en ts in clu din g d e visin g d iffic u lt c o n tro l panel w ir in g under g e n e ra l s u p e rv is io n . A s s ig n m e n ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lon g and co m p le x r e p o r ts which o ften a r e ir r e g u la r o r n o n re c u rrin g , req u irin g som e planning o f the nature and sequ en cin g o f o p e ra tio n s , and the use o f a v a r ie t y o f m a ch in es. Is ty p ic a lly in v o lv e d in tra in in g new o p e r a to r s in m ach in e op era tio n s o r tra in in g lo w e r le v e l o p e ra to rs in w irin g fr o m d ia g ra m s and in the o p e ra tin g sequ ences o f long and c o m p le x re p o r ts . Does not include p o sitio n s in w hich w ir in g re s p o n s ib ility is lim ite d to s e le c tio n and in s e rtio n o f p r e w ir e d b o a rd s . OR P e r fo r m s s ten o g ra p h ic duties req u irin g s ig n ific a n tly g r e a te r independence and re s p o n s ib ility than s te n o g ra p h e r, g e n e ra l, as evid en ced by the fo llo w in g : W ork re q u ir e s a high d e g r e e o f s ten o g ra p h ic speed and a cc u ra c y : a thorough w o rk in g kn ow ledge o f g e n e ra l business and o ffic e p ro c e d u re ; and o f the s p e c ific b u sin ess o p e ra tio n s , o rg a n iza tio n , p o lic ie s , p r o c e d u re s , file s , w o r k flo w , e tc. U ses this kn ow ledge in p e r fo r m in g sten o gra p h ic duties and r e s p o n s ib le c le r ic a l ta sk s such as m a in tain in g fo llo w u p file s ; a s s e m b lin g m a te r ia l fo r r e p o rts , m em o ra n d u m s, and le t t e r s ; com p osin g sim p le le tte r s fr o m g e n e ra l in stru ctio n s; re a d in g and rou tin g in co m in g m a il; and a n sw erin g rou tin e qu estion s, etc. C la s s B . P e r fo r m s w o rk a c c o rd in g to esta b lis h e d p ro c e d u re s and under s p e c ific in stru ctio n s. A ssig n m en ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e c o m p le te but rou tine and r e c u r r in g r e p o rts o r p a rts o f la r g e r and m o r e c o m p le x r e p o r ts . O p e ra te s m o r e d iffic u lt tabulating o r e le c t r ic a l a c counting m ach in es such as the ta b u la to r and c a lc u la to r, in addition to the s im p le r m ach in es used by c la s s C o p e r a to r s . M a y be r e q u ire d to do som e w ir in g fr o m d ia g ra m s . M ay tra in new e m p lo y e e s in b asic m ach in e o p e ra tio n s . S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R C la s s A . O p e ra te s a sin g le- o r m u ltip le -p o s itio n telep h on e sw itch b oard handling in com in g, ou tgoin g, in trap lan t o r o ffic e c a lls . P e r fo r m s fu ll telep h on e in fo rm a tio n s e r v ic e o r handles c o m p le x c a lls , such as c o n fe re n c e , c o lle c t, o v e r s e a s , o r s im ila r c a lls , e ith e r in addition to doing rou tin e w ork as d e s c r ib e d fo r sw itch b oa rd o p e r a to r , c la s s B, o r as a fu ll- tim e a ssign m en t. ( " F u l l " teleph on e in fo rm a tio n s e r v ic e o ccu rs when the esta b lish m en t has v a r ie d functions that a r e not r e a d ily understandable fo r telep h on e in fo rm a tio n p u rp o ses, e .g ., because o f o v e rla p p in g o r in te r r e la te d functions, and co n sequ en tly p resen t freq u en t p ro b le m s as to which exten sion s a r e a p p ro p ria te fo r c a lls .) C la s s C . U nder s p e c ific in s tru c tio n s , o p e ra te s sim p le tabu lating o r e le c t r ic a l accounting m a ch in es such as the s o r t e r , in te r p r e t e r , rep ro d u cin g punch, c o lla to r , e tc. A ssign m en ts ty p ic a lly in v o lv e p o rtio n s o f a w o rk unit, fo r ex a m p le , in d ivid u al so rtin g o r c o lla tin g runs, o r r e p e titiv e o p e ra tio n s . M a y p e r fo r m s im p le w ir in g fr o m d ia g ra m s , and do som e filin g w o rk . T R A N S C R IB IN G -M A C H IN E C la s s B . O p e ra te s a sin gle- o r m u ltip le -p o s itio n telep h on e sw itch b oard handling in com in g, ou tgoing, in trap la n t o r o ffic e c a lls . M ay handle rou tine long d istan ce c a lls and r e c o r d to lls . M a y p e r fo r m lim ite d telep h on e in fo rm a tio n s e r v ic e . (" L i m i t e d " teleph on e in fo rm a tio n s e r v ic e o c c u rs i f the fu nctions o f the esta b lish m en t s e r v ic e d a re r e a d ily u n derstan dable fo r teleph on e in fo rm a tio n p u rp o ses, o r i f the req u ests a re rou tin e, e .g ., givin g ex ten sio n num bers when s p e c ific nam es a re fu rn ish ed , o r i f c o m p le x c a lls a r e r e fe r r e d to another o p e r a to r .) T h e s e c la s s ific a tio n s do not include sw itch b oard o p e ra to rs in telep h on e com p an ies who a s s is t c u s to m e rs in pla cin g c a lls . T Y P IS T U ses a t y p e w r ite r to m ake c o p ie s o f v a rio u s m a te r ia ls o r to m ake out b ills a fte r c a lc u la tion s have been m ade by another p ers o n . M a y include typin g o f s te n c ils , m a ts , o r s im ila r m a t e r ia ls fo r use in d u p licatin g p r o c e s s e s . M a y do c le r ic a l w o rk in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c ia l tra in in g , such as k eep in g s im p le r e c o r d s , filin g r e c o r d s and re p q r ts , o r s o rtin g and d is trib u tin g in com in g m a il. S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T IO N IS T In addition to p e r fo r m in g du ties o f o p e ra to r on a s in g le -p o s itio n o r m o n ito r -ty p e sw itc h b o a rd , a cts as r e c e p tio n is t and m a y a ls o typ e o r p e r fo r m rou tine c le r ic a l w o rk as p a rt o f re g u la r d u ties. T h is typ in g o r c le r ic a l w o rk m a y take the m a jo r p a rt o f th is w o r k e r 's tim e w h ile at sw itch b o a rd . T A B U L A T IN G - M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O PERATO R, G ENERAL P r im a r y duty is to tr a n s c r ib e d icta tio n in v o lv in g a n o rm a l routine v o ca b u la ry fro m tra n s c rib in g -m a c h in e r e c o r d s . M a y a ls o typ e fr o m w ritte n copy and do sim p le c le r ic a l w o rk . W o rk e rs tra n s c rib in g d icta tio n in v o lv in g a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la ry such as le g a l b r ie fs o r re p o r ts on s c ie n tific r e s e a r c h a r e not inclu ded. A w o r k e r who tak es d icta tio n in shorthand o r by Stenotype o r s im ila r m ach in e is c la s s ifie d as a s ten o g ra p h er. C la s s A . P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : T yp in g m a te r ia l in fin a l fo r m when it in v o lv e s com b in in g m a te r ia l fr o m s e v e r a l s o u rc e s ; o r re s p o n s ib ility fo r c o r r e c t s p ellin g , s y lla b ic a tio n , punctuation, e tc ., o f tech n ica l o r unusual w o rd s o r fo r e ig n language m a te r ia l; o r planning layou t and typ in g o f com p lic a te d s ta tis tic a l ta b le s to m a in ta in u n ifo rm ity and b alan ce in sp acin g. M ay typ e rou tine fo r m le t t e r s , v a ry in g d e ta ils to suit c irc u m s ta n c e s . (E le c t r ic A ccou n tin g M ach in e O p e ra to r) O p e ra te s one o r a v a r ie t y o f m ach in es such as the ta b u la tor, c a lc u la to r, c o lla to r , in t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , re p ro d u c in g punch, e tc . E xclu d ed fro m th is d efin itio n a re w o rk in g s u p e r v is o r s . A ls o exclu d ed a r e o p e ra to rs o f e le c tr o n ic d ig ita l c o m p u te rs , even though th ey m a y a ls o o p e ra te E A M ‘ equipm ent. C la s s B . P e r fo r m s one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : C opy typing fr o m rough or c le a r d ra fts ; o r rou tin e typ in g o f fo r m s , in su ran ce p o lic ie s , etc .; o r settin g up s im p le standard tab u lation s; o r co p yin g m o r e c o m p le x ta b les a lre a d y set up and spaced p r o p e r ly . P R O FE S SIO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L COM PUTER COM PUTER OPERATO R M o n ito rs and o p e ra te s the c o n tro l co n s o le o f a d ig ita l com p u ter to p r o c e s s data a cco rd in g to o p e ra tin g in s tru c tio n s , u su ally p re p a re d by a p r o g r a m m e r . W o rk in clu d es m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Studies in stru ctio n s to d e te r m in e equ ipm en t setup and o p e ra tio n s ; loads equ ipm en t w ith re q u ire d ite m s (ta p e r e e ls , c a rd s , e t c .); sw itch es n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y equipm ent into c ir c u it, and sta rts and o p e ra te s c o m p u ter; m a k es adju stm ents to co m p u ter to c o r r e c t o p e ra tin g p ro b le m s and m e e t s p e c ia l con d ition s; re v ie w s e r r o r s m ade du ring o p e ra tio n and d e te rm in e s cause o r r e f e r s p ro b le m to s u p e r v is o r o r p r o g r a m m e r ; and m aintains o p e ra tin g r e c o r d s . M ay te s t and a s s is t in c o r r e c tin g p ro g ra m . F o r w age study p u rp o s e s , C la s s B. O p era tes in depen den tly, o r under o n ly g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n , a co m p u ter running p ro g r a m s w ith m o st o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c te r is tic s : M o s t o f the p ro g r a m s a r e e s ta b lish ed p rod u ction runs, ty p ic a lly run on a r e g u la r ly r e c u r r in g b a sis; th e re is lit t le o r no testin g OR O p e ra te s under d ir e c t s u p e rv is io n a co m p u ter running p ro g r a m s o r segm en ts o f p ro g ra m s w ith the c h a r a c te r is tic s d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A . M ay a s s is t a h ig h e r le v e l o p e r a to r by in d e pendently p e r fo r m in g le s s d iffic u lt tasks a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt task s fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in stru ctio n s and w ith fre q u e n t r e v ie w o f o p e ra tio n s p e r fo r m e d . corrjputer o p e r a to r s a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C la s s A . O p era tes in depen den tly, o r under o n ly g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n , a co m p u ter running p ro g r a m s w ith m o s t o f the fo llo w in g c h a r a c te r is tic s : N ew p ro g ra m s a r e fre q u e n tly tested and introd u ced ; schedu ling re q u ire m e n ts a r e o f c r it ic a l im p o rta n ce to m in im iz e dow n tim e; the p ro g r a m s a r e o f c o m p le x d esig n so that id e n tific a tio n o f e r r o r s o u rce often re q u ir e s a w o rk in g k n ow led ge o f the to ta l p r o g r a m , and a lte rn a te p ro g ra m s m a y not be a v a ila b le . M ay g iv e d ir e c tio n and guidance to lo w e r le v e l o p e r a to r s . O P E R A T O R — Continued o f new p ro g r a m s re q u ire d ; a lte rn a te p ro g r a m s a r e p ro v id e d in c a s e o rig in a l p ro g ra m needs m a jo r change o r cannot be c o r r e c te d w ithin a re a s o n a b le tim e . In com m on e r r o r situ a tio n s , d ia g n o ses cause and takes c o r r e c t iv e a ction . T h is u su ally in v o lv e s a p p lyin g p r e v io u s ly p ro g ra m m e d c o r r e c t iv e s te p s , o r usin g standard c o r r e c t io n tech n iq u es. C la s s C . W ork s on rou tin e p ro g ra m s u nder c lo s e s u p e rv is io n . Is e x p ected to d e v e lo p w o rk in g k n ow led ge o f the co m p u ter equ ipm ent used and a b ility to d e tect p ro b le m s in v o lv e d in running rou tin e p r o g r a m s . U s u a lly has r e c e iv e d som e fo r m a l tra in in g in co m p u ter o p e ra tio n . M a y a s s is t h ig h e r le v e l o p e ra to r on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s . CO M PUTER PROGRAM M ER, BU SINESS C o n v e rts statem en ts o f bu sin ess p r o b le m s , ty p ic a lly p r e p a re d by a sy s te m s a n a lyst, in to a sequ en ce o f d e ta ile d in stru ctio n s w h ich a r e r e q u ir e d to s o lv e the p ro b le m s by a u tom atic data p r o c e s s in g equ ipm en t. W ork in g fr o m c h a rts or d ia g r a m s , the p r o g r a m m e r d ev e lo p s the p r e c is e in stru ction s w hich, when e n te re d into the com p u ter sy stem in coded lan gu age, cau se the m an ipu lation 26 COMPUTER SYSTEMS ANALYST, BUSINESS— Continued COMPUTER PROGRAMMER, BUSINESS— Continued of data to a c h ie v e d e s ir e d r e s u lts . W o rk in v o lv e s m ost o f the fo llo w in g : A p p lie s k n ow led ge of com p u ter c a p a b ilitie s , m a th e m a tic s , lo g ic em p lo y e d by c o m p u te rs , and p a rtic u la r su b ject m a tte r in v o lv e d to a n a ly ze ch a rts and d ia g ra m s o f the p ro b le m to be p ro g ra m m e d ; d e velo p s sequence o f p ro g r a m step s; w r it e s d e ta ile d flo w ch a rts to show o r d e r in w hich data w i l l be p ro c e s s e d ; c o n v e rts th e s e c h a rts to coded in stru ctio n s fo r m ach in e to fo llo w ; te s ts and c o r r e c t s p ro g ra m s ; p r e p a r e s in stru ctio n s fo r o p e ra tin g p e rs o n n e l during p ro d u ctio run; a n a ly ze s , r e v ie w s , and a lte r s p ro g ra m s to in c r e a s e o p e ra tin g e ffic ie n c y o r adapt to new re q u ire m e n ts ; m ain tain s re c o r d s of p r o g r a m d evelo p m en t and re v is io n s . (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g both s y s te m s a n a ly s is and p r o g ra m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as sy s te m s an a lysts i f th is is the s k ill used to d e te rm in e th e ir p a y.) e v e r y ite m o f each typ e is a u to m a tic a lly p ro c e s s e d through the fu ll s y s te m o f r e c o rd s and a p p ro p ria te follow u p action s a re in itia te d by the com pu ter.) C o n fe rs w ith p e rso n s co n cern ed to d e te rm in e the data p r o c e s s in g p ro b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t-m a tte r p e rso n n el on the im p lic a tion s o f n ew o r r e v is e d s y s te m s o f data p ro c e s s in g o p era tio n s. M akes reco m m en d a tio n s, i f need ed , fo r a p p ro v a l o f m a jo r s y s te m s in sta lla tio n s o r changes and fo r obtaining equipm ent. M a y p ro v id e fu n ction al a s s is t. study p u rp o ses, to lo w e r le v e l sy s te m s a n a lysts who a r e a ssign ed to C la s s B . W ork s in depen den tly o r under on ly g e n e ra l d ir e c tio n on p ro b le m s that a re r e la t iv e ly u n com p lica ted to a n a ly ze , plan, p r o g r a m , and o p e ra te . P ro b le m s a r e o f lim ite d c o m p le x ity becau se s o u rces o f input data a re hom ogeneous and the output data a re c lo s e ly re la te d . (F o r e x a m p le , d ev e lo p s s y s te m s fo r m ain tain in g d e p o s ito r accounts in a bank, m ain tain in g accounts r e c e iv a b le in a r e ta il esta b lish m en t, o r m ain tain in g in v e n to ry accounts in a m an u factu rin g o r w h o le s a le e s ta b lis h m e n t.) C o n fe rs w ith p erso n s c o n cern ed to d eterm in e the data p r o c e s s in g p ro b le m s and a d v is e s s u b je c t-m a tte r p erso n n el on the im p lic a tio n s o f the data p r o c e s s in g sy s te m s to be ap p lied . D oes not in clu d e e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily re s p o n s ib le fo r the m an agem en t o r s u p e rv is io n of oth er e le c tr o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r p r o g r a m m e r s p r im a r ily con c e rn e d w ith s c ie n tific and/or en g in e e rin g p ro b le m s . F o r w a ge d ir e c tio n p r o g r a m m e r s a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C la s s A . W o rk s in depen den tly o r under only g e n e r a l d ire c tio n on co m p le x p ro b le m s which re q u ir e co m p eten ce in a ll phases o f p ro g ra m m in g co n cep ts and p r a c tic e s . W o rk in g fr o m d ia g ra m s and ch a rts w hich id e n tify the n atu re o f d e s ir e d re s u lts , m a jo r p ro c e s s in g steps to be a c c o m p lis h e d , and the re la tio n s h ip s b etw een v a rio u s steps o f the p ro b le m s o lv in g rou tin e; plans the fu ll ra n ge o f p r o g ra m m in g action s n eed ed to e ffic ie n t ly u tiliz e the co m p u ter s y s te m in a c h ie v in g d e s ir e d end p rodu cts. OR W orks on a segm en t o f a co m p le x data p ro c e s s in g sch em e o r s y s te m , as d e s c rib e d fo r c la s s A . W orks in d ep en d en tly on routine a ssign m en ts and r e c e iv e s in stru ction and guidance on c o m p le x a ssig n m en ts. W ork is re v ie w e d fo r a c c u ra c y o f ju dgm en t, co m p lia n ce w ith in s tru c tio n s , and to in su re p ro p e r a lign m en t w ith the o v e r a ll sys te m . A t th is l e v e l, p r o g ra m m in g is d iffic u lt b eca u se co m p u ter equipm ent m ust be o rg a n iz e d to produ ce s e v e r a l in te r r e la te d but d iv e r s e prod u cts fr o m n u m erou s and d iv e r s e data ele m e n ts . A w id e v a r ie t y and e x te n s iv e n u m ber o f in te rn a l p r o c e s s in g actio n s m ust o c c u r. T h is re q u ir e s such action s as d evelo p m en t o f com m on o p e ra tio n s w h ich can be reu s e d , esta b lish m en t o f lin k age points b etw een o p e ra tio n s , ad ju stm en ts to data when p r o g r a m re q u ire m e n ts e x c e e d co m p u ter s to ra g e ca p a c ity , and su bstan tial m anipu lation and reseq u en cin g of data e lem en ts to fo r m a h igh ly in te g ra te d p ro g ra m . C la s s C . W orks under im m e d ia te s u p e rv is io n , c a r r y in g out a n a lyses as assign ed , usually o f a sin gle a c tiv ity . A ss ig n m e n ts a re d esign ed to d e v e lo p and expand pra^ H eal e x p e rie n c e in the a p p lica tio n o f p ro c e d u re s and s k ills r e q u ir e d fo r s y stem s a n a ly s is w o rk . F o r exa m p le, m a y a s s is t a h ig h e r le v e l sy s te m s a n a lyst by p re p a rin g the d e ta ile d s p e c ific a tio n s re q u ire d by p r o g r a m m e r s fr o m in fo rm a tio n d e v elo p ed by the h ig h er le v e l an alyst. M a y p ro v id e fu n ction al d ire c tio n to lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s who a r e a ssig n ed to a s s is t. C la s s B . W o rk s in depen den tly o r u nder only g e n e r a l d ire c tio n on r e la t iv e ly s im p le p ro g r a m s , o r on s im p le segm en ts o f c o m p le x p ro g r a m s . P r o g r a m s (o r s e g m e n ts ) u su ally p ro c e s s in fo rm a tio n to prod u ce data in tw o o r th re e v a r ie d sequ ences o r fo r m a ts . R ep o rts and lis tin g s a re prod u ced by r e fin in g , adapting, a r r a y in g , o r m aking m in o r addition s to o r d eletion s fr o m input data w hich a r e re a d ily a v a ila b le . W h ile num erous re c o r d s m ay be p ro c e s s e d , the data have been re fin e d in p r io r actio n s so that the a c c u ra c y and sequencing o f data can be te s te d by using a few rou tin e ch eck s. T y p ic a lly , the p r o g r a m d ea ls w ith routine r e c o r d -k e e p in g typ e o p era tio n s. D RAFTSM AN C la s s A . P la n s the gra p h ic p re s e n ta tio n o f c o m p lex item s having d is tin c tiv e design fe a tu re s that d iffe r s ig n ific a n tly fr o m e s ta b lis h e d d ra ftin g p re c e d e n ts . W orks in c lo s e sup p o rt w ith the d esig n o r ig in a to r , and m a y reco m m en d m in o r design changes. A n a ly ze s the e ffe c t o f each change on the d e ta ils o f fo r m , fu n ction , and p ositio n a l rela tio n sh ip s o f c o m ponents and p a rts . W orks w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e rv is o ry a s s is ta n c e . C o m p leted w ork is r e v ie w e d by d esig n o r ig in a to r fo r c o n s is te n c y w ith p r io r e n g in e e rin g d e term in a tio n s. M ay e ith e r p re p a r e d ra w in g s, o r d ir e c t th e ir p re p a ra tio n by lo w e r le v e l d ra ftsm en . OR C la s s B . P e r fo r m s nonroutine and c o m p le x d ra ftin g a ssign m en ts that re q u ir e the ap p li ca tion o f m o s t o f the sta n d a rd ized d ra w in g tech n iqu es r e g u la r ly used. D uties ty p ic a lly in v o lv e such w ork as: P r e p a r e s w o rk in g d ra w in gs o f s u b a ssem b lies w ith ir r e g u la r shapes, m u ltip le fu n c tio n s , and p r e c is e p o s itio n a l rela tio n s h ip s betw een com ponents; p re p a re s a r c h i te c tu ra l d ra w in g s fo r co n stru ctio n o f a building inclu ding d e ta il d raw in gs o f foundations, w a ll s e c tio n s , flo o r plan s, and r o o f. U ses a ccep ted fo rm u la s and m anuals in m aking n e c e s s a ry com pu tations to d e te rm in e qu an tities o f m a te r ia ls to be used, load c a p a c itie s , stren gth s, s tr e s s e s , e tc. R e c e iv e s in itia l in s tru c tio n s , re q u ire m e n ts , and a d v ic e fr o m s u p e rv is o r. C o m p leted w o rk is ch eck ed fo r te c h n ic a l adequacy. W o rk s on c o m p le x p ro g r a m s (as d e s c r ib e d fo r c la s s A ) under c lo s e d ir e c tio n o f a h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v is o r . M a y a s s is t h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r by in depen den tly p e r fo rm in g le s s d iffic u lt tasks a s s ig n e d , and p e r fo r m in g m o r e d iffic u lt tasks u nder f a ir ly c lo s e d ire c tio n . M a y guide o r in stru ct lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s . C la s s C . M a k es p r a c tic a l a p p lica tio n s o f p r o g ra m m in g p r a c tic e s and con cep ts u su ally le a rn e d in fo r m a l tra in in g c o u rs e s . A s s ig n m e n ts a re d es ig n e d to d e velo p com p eten ce in the a p p lica tion o f standard p ro c e d u re s to rou tin e p ro b le m s . R e c e iv e s c lo s e su p e rv is io n on new a sp ects o f a ssign m en ts; and w o rk is r e v ie w e d to v e r if y its a c c u ra c y and c o n fo rm a n ce w ith r e q u ir e d p ro c e d u re s . C la s s C . P r e p a r e s d e ta il d ra w in gs o f s in g le units o r p a rts fo r e n g in e e rin g , con stru ction , m an u factu rin g, o r r e p a ir p u rp o ses. T y p es o f d ra w in gs p re p a re d in clu de is o m e tr ic p ro je c tio n s (d ep ictin g th re e d im en sio n s in a cc u ra te s c a le ) and sectio n a l v ie w s to c la r ify p osition in g o f com ponents and co n vey needed in fo rm a tio n . C o n so lid a tes d e ta ils fr o m a num ber o f sou rces and adjusts o r tra n s p o s e s s c a le as r e q u ire d . S u ggested m ethods o f approach, a p p licab le p re c e d e n ts , and a d v ic e on s o u rce m a te r ia ls a r e giv e n w ith in itia l assign m en ts. In stru ction s a r e le s s co m p le te when assign m en ts re c u r. W ork m a y be sp o t-ch eck ed during p r o g r e s s . C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BUSINESS A n a ly z e s b u sin ess p ro b le m s to fo rm u la te p ro c e d u re s fo r s o lv in g th em by use o f e le c tr o n ic data p ro c e s s in g equipm ent. D evelop s a c o m p le te d e s c rip tio n o f a ll s p e c ific a tio n s n eed ed to enable p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e r e q u ir e d d ig ita l co m p u ter p r o g r a m s . W ork in v o lv e s m ost o f the fo llo w in g : A n a ly z e s s u b je c t-m a tte r op era tio n s to be a u tom ated and id e n tifie s con dition s and c r it e r ia re q u ire d to a c h ieve s a tis fa c to r y re s u lts ; s p e c ifie s nu m ber and typ es o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and docum ents to be used; ou tlin es actio n s to be p e r fo r m e d by p e rs o n n e l and co m p u ters in s u ffic ie n t d e ta il fo r p resen ta tio n to m an agem en t and f o r p ro g ra m m in g (ty p ic a lly this in v o lv e s p re p a ra tio n o f w ork and data flo w c h a rts ); co o rd in a te s the d evelop m en t o f te s t p ro b le m s and p a rtic ip a te s in t r ia l runs o f new and r e v is e d s y s te m s ; and reco m m en d s equipm ent changes to obtain m o r e e ffe c t iv e o v e r a ll o p era tio n s. (N O T E : W o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g both sy s te m s a n a ly s is and p ro g ra m m in g should be c la s s ifie d as sy stem s a n alysts i f th is is the s k ill used to d e te rm in e t h e ir p a y.) Does not include e m p lo y e e s p r im a r ily re s p o n s ib le fo r the m an agem en t o r s u p ervisio n o f oth er e le c tr o n ic data p r o c e s s in g e m p lo y e e s , o r s y s te m s a n alysts p r im a r ily c o n cern ed w ith s c ie n tific o r e n g in e e rin g p ro b le m s . F o r w a ge study p u rp o s e s , sy s te m s a n a lysts a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : C la s s A . W o rk s independently o r under only g e n e r a l d ire c tio n on co m p le x p ro b le m s in v o lv in g a ll phases* o f s y s te m a n a ly s is . P r o b le m s a re co m p le x becau se o f d iv e r s e so u rc e s o f input data and m u ltip le -u s e re q u ire m e n ts o f output data. (F o r ex a m p le , d ev e lo p s an in te g ra te d produ ction sch edu lin g, in v e n to ry c o n tro l, c o s t a n a ly s is , and s a le s a n a ly sis r e c o r d in w hich D RAFTSM AN- TRACER C o p ies plans and d ra w in gs p re p a re d by o th e rs by p la cin g tra c in g cloth o r p ap er o v e r d ra w in gs and tra c in g w ith pen o r p e n c il. (D oes not inclu de tra c in g lim ite d to plans p r im a r ily co n s is tin g o f s tra ig h t lin e s and a la r g e s c a le not re q u irin g c lo s e d e lin e a tio n .) A N D /O R P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e titiv e d ra w in gs o f e a s ily v is u a liz e d ite m s . d u rin g p r o g r e s s . W ork is c lo s e ly su p ervised E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N W orks on v a rio u s typ es o f e le c tr o n ic equ ipm ent and re la te d d e v ic e s by p e rfo rm in g one o r a com b in ation o f the fo llo w in g : In s ta llin g , m ain tain in g, r e p a ir in g , o v e rh a u lin g , tro u b lesh o o tin g, m o d ify in g , co n stru ctin g , and te s tin g . W ork re q u ir e s p r a c tic a l a p p lica tio n o f tech n ica l know ledge o f e le c tr o n ic s p r in c ip le s , a b ility to d e te rm in e m a lfu n ctio n s, and s k ill to put equ ipm ent in re q u ire d o p e ra tin g con dition . 27 ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN— Continued ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN— Continued T h e equ ipm ent— c o n s is tin g o f e ith e r m an y d iffe r e n t kinds o f c irc u its o r m u ltip le re p e titio n o f the sam e kind o f c ir c u it— in clu d es, but is not lim ite d to , the fo llo w in g : (a ) E le c tr o n ic tr a n s m ittin g and r e c e iv in g equ ip m en t (e .g ., r a d a r , ra d io , te le v is io n , telep h o n e, so n a r, n a v ig a tio n a l a id s ), (b) d ig ita l and a n a log c o m p u te rs , and (c ) in d u s tria l and m e d ic a l m e a s u rin g and c o n tr o llin g equ ipm en t. R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l gu idan ce, as re q u ire d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l tech n icia n , and w o rk is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c ific c o m p lia n ce w ith a cce p te d p r a c tic e s and w o rk a ssig n m en ts. M a y p ro v id e te c h n ic a l gu idance to lo w e r le v e l tech n icia n s. C la s s C . A p p lie s w o rk in g te c h n ic a l kn ow ledge to p e r fo r m s im p le o r rou tin e tasks in w o rk in g on e le c tr o n ic equ ip m en t, fo llo w in g d e ta ile d in s tru c tio n s w hich c o v e r v ir tu a lly a ll p r o c e d u re s . W ork t y p ic a lly in v o lv e s such tasks as: A s s is tin g h ig h e r le v e l tech n icia n s by p e r fo r m in g such a c tiv it ie s as re p la c in g com pon en ts, w ir in g c ir c u its , and taking te s t rea d in gs; re p a ir in g s im p le e le c tr o n ic equ ipm en t; and using to o ls and com m on te s t in stru m en ts (e .g ., m u ltim e te r s , audio s ig n a l g e n e r a to r s , tube te s t e r s , o s c illo s c o p e s ). Is not r e q u ir e d to be fa m ilia r w ith the in te r r e la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u its . T h is k n ow led ge, h o w e v e r, m a y be a c q u ire d through assign m en ts d es ig n e d to in c r e a s e com p eten ce (in clu d in g c la s s r o o m tra in in g ) so that w o r k e r can ad van ce to h ig h e r le v e l tech n icia n . T h is c la s s ific a t io n ex c lu d e s re p a ir m e n o f such stan dard e le c tr o n ic equ ipm ent as com m on o ffic e m a ch in es and h ou seh old ra d io and te le v is io n s ets; p rod u ction a s s e m b le r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h ose p r im a r y duty is s e r v ic in g e le c tr o n ic te s t in stru m en ts; tech n icia n s who have a d m in is t r a t iv e o r s u p e r v is o r y r e s p o n s ib ility ; and d ra fts m e n , d e s ig n e r s , and p ro fe s s io n a l e n g in e e rs . P o s itio n s a r e c la s s ifie d in to le v e ls on the b a sis o f the fo llo w in g d e fin itio n s . C la s s A . A p p lie s advan ced te c h n ic a l k n ow led ge to s o lv e unusually c o m p le x p ro b le m s (i. e . , th ose that t y p ic a lly cannot be s o lv e d s o le ly by r e fe r e n c e to m a n u fa c tu re rs ' m anuals o r s im ila r d ocu m en ts) in w o rk in g on e le c tr o n ic equ ipm en t. E x a m p les o f such p ro b le m s include lo c a tio n and d e n s ity o f c ir c u it r y , e le c t r o - m a g n e t ic ra d ia tio n , is o la tin g m a lfu n ctio n s, and fre q u e n t e n g in e e rin g ch an ges. W ork in v o lv e s : A d e ta ile d understanding o f the in t e r r e la t io n ships o f c ir c u its ; e x e r c is in g independent ju d gm en t in p e r fo r m in g such ta sk s as m akin g c ir c u it a n a ly s e s , ca lc u la tin g w a ve fo r m s , tr a c in g re la tio n s h ip s in sign al flo w ; and r e g u la r ly using c o m p le x te s t in stru m en ts (e .g ., dual t r a c e o s c illo s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia tio n m e t e r s , pulse g e n e r a to r s ). W ork m a y be r e v ie w e d by s u p e r v is o r (fr e q u e n tly an e n g in e e r o r d e s ig n e r ) fo r g e n e ra l c o m p lia n c e w ith a cce p te d p ra c tic e s . M a y p r o v id e te c h n ic a l guidance to lo w e r le v e l te ch n icia n s. C la s s B. A p p lie s c o m p re h e n s iv e te c h n ic a l k n ow led ge to so lv e c o m p le x p ro b le m s (i. e . , th ose that t y p ic a lly can be s o lv e d s o le ly by p r o p e r ly in te rp re tin g m a n u fa c tu re rs ' m anuals o r s im ila r d ocu m en ts) in w o rk in g on e le c tr o n ic equ ipm en t. W ork in v o lv e s : A f a m ilia r it y w ith the in te r r e la tio n s h ip s o f c ir c u its ; and ju dgm en t in d e te rm in in g w o rk sequ en ce and in s e le c tin g to o ls and te s tin g in stru m en ts, u su ally le s s c o m p le x than th ose used by the c la s s A tech n icia n . R e c e iv e s te c h n ic a l gu id an ce, as re q u ire d , fr o m s u p e r v is o r o r h ig h e r le v e l tech n icia n . W ork is ty p ic a lly spot ch eck ed , but is g iv e n d e ta ile d r e v ie w when n ew o r advan ced assign m en ts a re in v o lv e d . N U R S E , IN D U S T R IA L (R e g is t e r e d ) A r e g is t e r e d n u rse who g iv e s n u rsin g s e r v ic e under g e n e r a l m e d ic a l d ir e c tio n to i l l o r in ju re d e m p lo y e e s o r o th er p e rs o n s who b eco m e i l l o r s u ffe r an a cc id e n t on the p r e m is e s o f a fa c t o r y o r o th e r esta b lis h m e n t. D uties in v o lv e a com b in ation o f the fo llo w in g : G iv in g f ir s t aid to the i l l o r in ju red ; attending to subsequent d r e s s in g o f e m p lo y e e s ' in ju r ie s ; k eep in g re c o r d s o f patien ts tr e a te d ; p re p a rin g a cc id e n t re p o rts fo r co m p en sa tion o r o th e r p u rp o ses; a s s is tin g in p h y s ic a l exa m in a tio n s and h ealth eva lu a tio n s o f a pplican ts and e m p lo y e e s ; and planning and c a r r y ing-out p ro g r a m s in v o lv in g h ealth edu cation , accid en t p re v e n tio n , e v a lu a tio n o f plant en viro n m en t, o r o th er a c t iv itie s a ffe c tin g the h ealth, w e lfa r e , and s a fe ty o f a ll p e rs o n n e l. N u rsin g s u p e r v is o r s o r head n u rses in e sta b lish m en ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than one n u rse a r e exclu ded. M A IN T E N A N C E A N D PO W E R PLA N T C A R P E N T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E F IR E M A N , S T A T IO N A R Y B O IL E R P e r fo r m s the c a r p e n tr y du ties n e c e s s a r y to co n s tru c t and m ain tain in good r e p a ir b u ild ing w o o d w o rk and equ ip m en t such as b in s, c r ib s , co u n te rs , benches, p a r titio n s , d o o rs , flo o r s , s ta ir s , c a s in g s , and t r im m ad e o f w ood in an esta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P la n n in g and la y in g out o f w o rk fr o m b lu e p rin ts , d ra w in g s , m o d e ls , o r v e r b a l in s tru c tio n s ; using a v a r ie t y o f c a r p e n te r 's han d tools, p o rta b le p o w e r to o ls , and standard m e a s u rin g in stru m en ts; m a k in g stan dard shop com pu tation s re la tin g to d im en sio n s o f w o rk ; and s e le c tin g m a t e r ia ls n e c e s s a r y fo r the w o rk . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m a in ten an ce c a rp e n te r re q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ire d throu gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . F ir e s s ta tio n a ry b o ile r s to fu rn ish the e sta b lish m en t in which e m p lo y e d w ith h eat, p o w e r, o r ste a m . F e e d s fu e ls to f i r e by hand o r o p e ra te s a m e c h a n ic a l s to k e r, g a s , o r o il bu rn er; and ch ecks w a te r and s a fe ty v a lv e s . M a y cle a n , o il, o r a s s is t in r e p a ir in g b o ile r r o o m equipm ent. E L E C T R IC IA N , M A IN T E N A N C E P e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic a l tra d e fu nctions such as the in s ta lla tio n , m a in ten a n ce, o r r e p a ir o f equ ipm en t fo r the g e n e ra tio n , d is trib u tio n , o r u tiliz a tio n o f e le c t r ic e n e r g y in an e s ta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In s ta llin g o r r e p a ir in g any o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r ic a l equ ipm en t such as g e n e r a to r s , tr a n s fo r m e r s , s w itch b o a rd s, c o n t r o lle r s , c ir c u it b r e a k e r s , m o to r s , h eatin g u nits, conduit s y s te m s , o r o th er tr a n s m is s io n equipm ent; w o rk in g fr o m b lu e p rin ts , d ra w in g s , la yo u ts, o r o th er s p e c ific a tio n s ; lo c a tin g and d iagn osin g tro u b le in the e le c t r ic a l s y s te m o r equ ipm en t; w o rk in g standard com pu tations re la tin g to load re q u ire m e n ts o f w ir in g o r e le c t r ic a l equ ipm en t; and using a v a r ie t y o f e le c t r ic ia n 's handtools and m e a s u rin g and te s tin g in stru m en ts. In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m ain ten an ce e le c t r ic ia n re q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ire d throu gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r equ iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . E N G IN E E R , S T A T IO N A R Y O p e ra te s and m a in ta in s and m a y a ls o s u p e rv is e the o p e ra tio n o f s ta tio n a ry en gin es and equ ipm ent (m e c h a n ic a l o r e le c t r ic a l) to supply the e sta b lish m en t in w hich e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r, h eat, r e fr ig e r a t io n , o r a ir -c o n d itio n in g . W ork in v o lv e s : O p era tin g and m a in ta in in g equipm ent such as stea m e n g in e s , a ir c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a to r s , m o to r s , tu rb in es, v e n tila tin g and r e f r i g e r a tin g equ ipm en t, steam b o ile r s and b o ile r - fe d w a te r pum ps; m aking equ ipm ent r e p a ir s ; and k eep in g a r e c o r d o f o p e ra tio n o f m a c h in e ry , te m p e r a tu r e , and fu el consu m ption. M a y a ls o su p e r v is e th e s e o p e ra tio n s . H ead o r c h ie f e n g in e e rs in esta b lish m en ts e m p lo y in g m o r e than one e n g in e e r a r e ex clu d ed . H E L P E R , M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S A s s is t s one o r m o r e w o r k e r s in the s k ille d m ain ten an ce tr a d e s , by p e r fo r m in g s p e c ific o r g e n e ra l du ties o f le s s e r s k ill, such as k eep in g a w o r k e r su pplied w ith m a t e r ia ls and to o ls ; c lea n in g w o rk in g a r e a , m a ch in e, and equipm ent; a s s is tin g jo u rn ey m a n by h oldin g m a te r ia ls o r to o ls ; and p e r fo r m in g o th e r u n sk illed tasks as d ir e c te d by jo u rn ey m a n . T h e kind o f w o rk the h e lp e r is p e rm itte d to p e r fo r m v a r ie s fr o m tra d e to tra d e : In som e tra d e s the h e lp e r is confined to su pplying, liftin g , and h oldin g m a t e r ia ls and to o ls , and clea n in g w o rk in g a r e a s ; and in oth e rs he is p e r m itte d to p e r fo r m s p e c ia liz e d m ach in e o p e ra tio n s , o r p a rts o f a tra d e that a re a lso p e r fo r m e d by w o r k e r s on a fu ll- t im e b a s is . M A C H IN E - T O O L O P E R A T O R , T O O L R O O M S p e c ia liz e s in the o p e ra tio n o f one o r m o r e ty p es o f m ach in e t o o ls , such as j i g b o r e r s , c y lin d r ic a l o r s u rfa c e g r in d e r s , en gin e la th es, o r m illin g m a c h in e s , in the c o n stru ctio n o f m a c h in e -s h o p t o o ls , g a u g es, jig s , fix tu r e s , o r d ie s . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and p e r fo r m in g d iffic u lt m a ch in in g o p e ra tio n s ; p r o c e s s in g ite m s r e q u ir in g c o m p lic a te d setups o r a high d e g r e e o f a c c u ra c y ; u sin g a v a r ie t y o f p r e c is io n m e a s u rin g in stru m en ts; s e le c tin g fe e d s , s p eed s, to o lin g , and o p e ra tio n sequ en ce; and m ak in g n e c e s s a r y ad ju stm en ts during o p e ra tio n to a c h ie v e r e q u is ite to le r a n c e s o r d im e n s io n s . M a y be r e q u ir e d to r e c o g n iz e when to o ls need d r e s s in g , to d r e s s to o ls , and to s e le c t p r o p e r coolan ts and cutting and lu b ric a tin g o ils . For c r o s s - in d u s tr y w age study p u rp o ses, m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a to r s , t o o lr o o m , in to o l and d ie job b in g shops a r e e x clu d ed fr o m th is c la s s ific a tio n . M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E P ro d u c e s re p la c e m e n t p a rts and new p a rts in m akin g r e p a ir s o f m e ta l p a rts o f m ech a n ica l equ ipm en t o p e ra te d in an e s ta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : In te rp re tin g w ritte n in stru ctio n s and s p e c ific a tio n s ; planning and la y in g out o f w o rk ; using a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in is t's 28 MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE— Continued PAINTER, MAINTENANCE handtools and p r e c is io n m e a s u rin g in stru m en ts; settin g up and o p e ra tin g standard m ach in e to o ls ; shaping o f m e ta l p a rts to c lo s e t o le r a n c e s ; m akin g stan dard shop com pu tations r e la tin g to d im e n sions o f w o rk , to o lin g , fe e d s , and speeds o f m ach in in g; k n ow led ge o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r tie s o f the com m on m e ta ls ; s e le c tin g stan dard m a t e r ia ls , p a rts , and equ ipm ent r e q u ir e d fo r his w o rk ; and fittin g and a s s e m b lin g p a rts in to m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm en t. In g e n e ra l, the m a c h in is t's w o rk n o r m a lly r e q u ir e s a rounded tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p p r a c tic e u su a lly a c q u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g , and e x p e r ie n c e . P ain ts and r e d e c o r a te s w a lls , w ood w ork , and fix tu r e s o f an esta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s the fo llo w in g : K n o w led g e o f s u rfa c e p e c u lia r itie s and typ es o f paint re q u ire d fo r d iffe r e n t a p p lica tion s; p re p a rin g s u rfa c e fo r painting by re m o v in g o ld fin is h o r by pla cin g putty o r f i l l e r in nail h o les and in te r s tic e s ; and ap p lyin g paint w ith s p ra y gun o r brush. M ay m ix c o lo r s , o ils , white lea d , and o th e r paint in g re d ie n ts to obtain p r o p e r c o lo r o r co n s is te n c y . In g e n e ra l, the w o rk o f the m ain ten an ce p a in te r r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e u su ally a c q u ired through a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e . P I P E F I T T E R , M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E (M a in ten a n ce) R e p a ir s a u to m o b ile s , bu ses, m o to rtru c k s , and t r a c to r s o f an esta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xa m in in g a u to m o tive equ ipm en t to d ia gn ose s o u rce o f tro u b le ; d is a s s e m b lin g equ ipm en t and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that in v o lv e the use o f such handtools as w re n c h e s , ga u ges, d r i l l s , o r s p e c ia liz e d equ ipm en t in d is a s s e m b lin g o r fittin g p a rts; re p la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts fr o m stock ; g rin d in g and ad ju stin g v a lv e s ; re a s s e m b lin g and in s ta llin g the v a rio u s a s s e m b lie s in the v e h ic le and m ak in g n e c e s s a r y adju stm en ts; and a lig n in g w h e e ls , ad ju stin g b rak es and lig h ts , o r tigh ten in g body b o lts . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the a u tom otive m ech an ic r e q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally a c q u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r equ iva len t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e . T h is c la s s ific a tio n does not in clu d e m e c h a n ic s who r e p a ir c u s to m e rs ' v e h ic le s in au to m o b ile r e p a ir shops. M E C H A N IC , M A IN T E N A N C E R e p a irs m a c h in e ry o r m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm ent o f an e s ta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : E xam in in g m a ch in es and m e c h a n ic a l equ ipm ent to d ia gn ose s o u rce o f tro u b le; d ism a n tlin g o r p a r tly d ism a n tlin g m a ch in es and p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s that m a in ly in v o lv e the use o f handtools in sc ra p in g and fittin g p a rts ; re p la c in g b rok en o r d e fe c tiv e p a rts w ith ite m s obtained fr o m stock; o r d e r in g the p rod u ction o f a re p la c e m e n t p a rt by a m ach in e shop o r sending o f the m ach in e to a m ach in e shop fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s ; p re p a rin g w ritte n s p e c ific a tio n s fo r m a jo r r e p a ir s o r fo r the p rod u ction o f p a rts o r d e r e d fr o m m ach in e shop; r e a s s e m b lin g m a ch in es; and m akin g a ll n e c e s s a r y adju stm ents fo r o p e ra tio n . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f a m ain ten an ce m ech a n ic r e q u ire s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally a c q u ire d through a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . E xclu ded fr o m th is c la s s ific a tio n a r e w o r k e r s w h ose p r im a r y duties in v o lv e settin g up o r adju stin g m a ch in es. M IL L W R IG H T In s ta lls n ew m a ch in es o r h ea vy equ ipm en t, and d ism a n tles and in s ta lls m ach in es o r h ea vy equ ipm en t when changes in the plant layou t a re re q u ire d . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : P lan n in g and la y in g out o f the w o rk ; in te r p r e tin g b lu ep rin ts o r o th er s p e c ific a tio n s ; using a v a r ie t y o f handtools and rig g in g ; m ak in g standard shop com pu tation s r e la tin g to s t r e s s e s , stren gth o f m a t e r ia ls , and c e n te rs o f g r a v ity ; a lig n in g and b alan cin g o f equ ipm en t; s e le c tin g standard to o ls , equipm ent, and p a rts to be used; and in s ta llin g and m ain ta in in g in good o r d e r p o w e r tra n s m is s io n equipm ent such as d r iv e s and speed re d u c e r s . In g e n e r a l, the m illw r ig h t 's w o rk n o rm a lly r e q u ir e s a rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e in the tra d e a c q u ire d throu gh a fo r m a l a p p re n tic e s h ip o r equ iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . In s ta lls o r r e p a ir s w a te r , s tea m , gas, o r o th e r typ es o f pipe and p ip e fittin g s in an e s ta b lish m en t. W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : L a y in g out o f w o rk and m e a s u rin g to loca te p o s itio n o f pip e fr o m d ra w in g s o r o th e r w r itte n s p e c ific a tio n s ; cutting v a rio u s s iz e s o f pipe to c o r r e c t lengths w ith c h is e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e ty le n e to rc h o r p ip e -c u ttin g m a ch in es; th read in g pipe w ith stocks and d ie s ; bending pip e by h a n d -d riv e n o r p o w e r - d r iv e n m ach in es; a ssem b lin g pipe w ith cou p lin gs and fa sten in g pip e to h a n gers; m akin g standard shop com putations re la tin g to p r e s s u r e s , flo w , and s iz e o f pip e r e q u ire d ; and m akin g standard te s ts to d e te rm in e w h eth er fin ish ed pip es m e e t s p e c ific a tio n s . In g e n e r a l, the w ork o f the m aintenance p ip e fitte r re q u ire s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su ally a c q u ire d through a fo r m a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r equ ivalen t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . W o rk e rs p r im a r ily en gaged in in s ta llin g and re p a ir in g building sanitation o r h eating s y s te m s a r e e x c lu d e d . S H E E T -M E T A L W O R K E R , M A IN T E N A N C E F a b r ic a te s , in s ta lls , and m ain tain s in good r e p a ir the s h e e t-m e ta l equipm ent and fix tu re s (such as m ach in e gu a rd s, g r e a s e pans, s h e lv e s , lo c k e r s , tanks, v e n tila to r s , chutes, ducts, m e ta l ro o fin g ) o f an esta b lis h m e n t. W ork in v o lv e s m o st o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and la yin g out a ll typ es o f s h e e t-m e ta l m ain ten an ce w o rk fr o m b lu ep rin ts, m o d e ls , o r o th er s p e c ific a tio n s ; setting up and o p e ra tin g a ll a v a ila b le typ es o f s h e e t-m e ta l w o rk in g m a ch in es; using a v a r ie t y o f handtools in cutting, bending, fo r m in g , shaping, fittin g , and a s s e m b lin g ; and in s ta llin g s h e e t-m e ta l a r tic le s as r e q u ire d . In g e n e r a l, the w o rk o f the m ain ten an ce s h e e t-m e ta l w o r k e r re q u ir e s rounded tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e u su a lly a c q u ire d throu gh a fo r m a l a p p ren ticesh ip o r equ iva len t tra in in g and e x p e rie n c e . T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R C on stru cts and r e p a ir s m a ch in e-sh o p to o ls , ga u ges, jig s , fix tu re s o r d ies fo r fo r g in g s , punching, and o th e r m e ta l- fo r m in g w o rk . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : Planning and la y in g out o f w o rk fr o m m o d e ls , b lu ep rin ts, d ra w in g s , o r oth er o r a l and w ritte n s p e c ific a tio n s ; using a v a r ie t y o f to o l and d ie m a k e r 's handtools and p r e c is io n m e a s u rin g in stru m en ts; under standing o f the w o rk in g p r o p e r tie s o f com m on m e ta ls and a llo y s ; settin g up and o p era tin g o f m ach in e to o ls and r e la te d equipm ent; m akin g n e c e s s a r y shop com putations re la tin g to dim ensions o f w o rk , s p eed s, fe e d s , and to o lin g o f m a ch in es; h e a t-tr e a tin g o f m e ta l p a rts during fa b ric a tio n as w e ll as o f fin is h e d to o ls and d ies to a c h ie v e r e q u ir e d q u a litie s ; w o rk in g to c lo s e to le ra n c e s ; fittin g and a s s e m b lin g o f p a rts to p r e s c r ib e d to le r a n c e s and a llo w a n c e s ; and s e le c tin g a p p ro p ria te m a t e r ia ls , to o ls , and p r o c e s s e s . In g e n e r a l, the to o l and d ie m a k e r 's w ork r e q u ir e s a rounded tra in in g in m a c h in e -s h o p and to o lr o o m p r a c tic e u su ally a c q u ire d through a fo r m a l ap p ren ticesh ip o r eq u iva len t tra in in g and e x p e r ie n c e . F o r c r o s s - in d u s tr y w age study p u rp o ses, shops a r e ex clu d ed fr o m th is c la s s ific a tio n . to o l and d ie m a k e rs in to o l and d ie jobbin g C U S TO D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T L A B O R E R , M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G GUARD AN D W ATCH M EN Guard. P e r fo r m s rou tin e p o lic e duties, e ith e r at fix e d p ost o r on to u r, m a in ta in in g o r d e r , using a rm s o r fo r c e w h e re n e c e s s a r y . In clu des ga tem en who a r e station ed at gate and check on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and o th er p e rs o n s e n te r in g . W atchm an. M ak es rounds o f p r e m is e s p e r io d ic a lly in p ro te c tin g p r o p e r ty a ga in st f i r e , th eft, and ille g a l en try . A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a reh o u se, m an u factu rin g plant, s to re , o r oth er esta b lish m en t w h ose du ties in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g : L oa d in g and unloading v a rio u s m a te r ia ls and m e rc h a n d is e on o r fr o m fr e ig h t c a r s , tru ck s, o r o th er tra n s p o rtin g d e v ic e s ; unpacking, sh elvin g, o r p la c in g m a te r ia ls o r m e rc h a n d is e in p r o p e r s to ra g e lo ca tio n ; and tra n s p o rtin g m a te r ia ls o r m e rc h a n d is e by handtruck, c a r , o r w h e e lb a rro w . L o n g s h o re m e n , who load and unload ships a re exclu d ed . J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R ORDER F IL L E R C lea n s and k eep s in an o r d e r ly con d ition fa c to r y w o rk in g a rea s and w a s h ro o m s , o r p r e m is e s o f an o ffic e , ap artm en t house, o r c o m m e r c ia l o r o th er e s ta b lish m en t. D uties in v o lv e a com bin ation o f the fo llo w in g : S w eep in g, m oppin g o r scru b b in g, and p o lish in g flo o r s ; re m o v in g ch ip s, tra s h , and o th e r re fu s e ; dusting equ ipm en t, fu rn itu re , o r fix tu r e s ; p o lish in g m e ta l f i x tu re s o r tr im m in g s ; p ro v id in g su p p lies and m in o r m ain ten an ce s e r v ic e s ; and clea n in g la v a to r ie s , s h o w ers, and r e s tr o o m s . W o rk e rs who s p e c ia liz e in w in d ow w ash in g a r e exc lu d e d . F i l l s shipping o r t r a n s fe r o r d e r s fo r fin is h e d goods fr o m s to re d m e rc h a n d is e in a c c o r d ance w ith s p e c ific a tio n s on s a le s s lip s , c u s to m e r s ' o r d e r s , o r o th e r in s tru c tio n s . M a y, in addition to f illin g o r d e r s and in d ica tin g ite m s f ille d o r o m itte d , keep r e c o r d s o f outgoing o r d e r s , r e q u i s itio n ad d itio n a l stock o r r e p o r t sh ort su pplies to s u p e r v is o r , and p e r fo r m o th e r re la te d duties. 29 PACKER, SHIPPING TRUCKDRIVER— Continued P r e p a r e s fin is h e d p rod u cts fo r shipm ent o r s to ra g e by p lacin g them in shipping con ta in e r s , the s p e c ific o p e ra tio n s p e r fo r m e d bein g dependent upon the ty p e, s iz e , and num ber o f units to be p a ck ed , the typ e o f co n ta in er e m p lo y e d , and m eth od o f shipm ent. W ork re q u ir e s the p la c in g o f ite m s in shipping c o n ta in e rs and m a y in v o lv e one o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g ; K n ow led ge o f v a r io u s ite m s o f stock in o r d e r to v e r if y content; s e le c tio n o f a p p ro p ria te typ e and s iz e o f c o n ta in e r; in s e r tin g e n c lo s u re s in co n ta in er; using e x c e ls io r o r o th er m a te r ia l to p re v e n t b re a k a g e o r d a m a ge; c lo s in g and s e a lin g c o n ta in e r; and a pplyin g la b e ls o r e n te rin g id e n tify in g data on c o n ta in e r. P a c k e r s who a ls o m ak e w ooden boxes o r c r a te s a re e x c lu d e d . fo llo w s : F o r w age study p u rp o ses, tr u c k d r iv e r s a r e c la s s ifie d by s iz e and typ e o f equ ipm en t, as ( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r should be ra ted on the b a sis o f t r a ile r c a p a c ity .) T r u c k d r iv e r T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , T r u c k d r iv e r , (co m b in a tio n o f s iz e s lis te d s e p a ra te ly ) lig h t (u n der lVz ton s) m ed iu m ( I V 2 to and in clu din g 4 ton s) h e a v y (o v e r 4 ton s, t r a i l e r ty p e ) h ea vy (o v e r 4 ton s, o th e r than t r a i l e r ty p e ) S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K TR U C K E R , PO W ER P r e p a r e s m e rc h a n d is e fo r shipm ent, o r r e c e iv e s and is re s p o n s ib le fo r in com in g s h ip m en ts o f m e rc h a n d is e o r o th e r m a t e r ia ls . Shipping w o rk in v o lv e s : A k n ow led ge o f shipping p r o c e d u re s , p r a c t ic e s , r o u te s , a v a ila b le m ean s o f tra n s p o rta tio n , and r a te s ; and p re p a rin g r e c o r d s o f the goods shipped, m akin g up b ills o f la d in g, p ostin g w eigh t and shipping c h a rg e s , and k eep in g a file o f shipping r e c o r d s . M a y d ir e c t o r a s s is t in p re p a rin g the m e rc h a n d is e fo r shipm ent. R e c e iv in g w o rk in v o lv e s : V e r ify in g o r d ir e c tin g oth e rs in v e r ify in g the c o r r e c tn e s s o f shipm ents a ga in st b ills o f la d in g, in v o ic e s , o r o th er r e c o r d s ; ch eck in g fo r sh o rta ges and r e je c tin g d am aged good s; rou tin g m e rc h a n d is e o r m a te r ia ls to p ro p e r d ep a rtm en ts; and m ain tain in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f ile s . F o r w age study p u rp o s e s , w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s : F o r w age study p u rp o ses, w o r k e r s a r e c la s s ifie d by typ e o f tru c k , as fo llo w s : T r u c k e r , p o w e r (fo r k lift ) T r u c k e r , p o w e r (o th e r than fo r k lift ) W A R E H O USEM A N R e c e iv in g c le r k Shipping c le r k Shipping and r e c e iv in g c le r k T R U C K D R IV E R D r iv e s a tru ck w ith in a c ity o r in d u s tria l a re a to tr a n s p o rt m a te r ia ls , m e rc h a n d is e , equ ipm en t, o r m en b etw een v a rio u s typ es o f e sta b lish m en ts such a s: M an u factu rin g p lan ts, fr e ig h t d ep o ts, w a re h o u s e s , w h o le s a le and r e t a il es ta b lis h m e n ts , o r betw een r e ta il e sta b lish m en ts and c u s to m e r s ' houses o r p la c e s o f b u sin ess. M ay a ls o load o r unload tru ck w ith o r without h e lp e rs , m ak e m in o r m ech a n ica l r e p a ir s , and keep tru ck in good w o rk in g o r d e r . D r iv e r - s a le s m e n and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r iv e r s a re ex clu d ed . O p e ra te s a m a n u a lly c o n tro lle d g a so lin e- o r e le c tr ic -p o w e r e d tru ck o r tr a c t o r to tra n s p o rt goods and m a te r ia ls o f a ll kinds about a w a reh o u se, m an u factu rin g plant, o r o th er esta b lish m en t. A s d ir e c te d , p e r fo r m s a v a r ie t y o f w areh ou sin g duties which re q u ir e an u nderstanding o f the e s ta b lis h m e n t's s to ra g e p lan . W ork in v o lv e s m o s t o f the fo llo w in g : V e r ify in g m a te r ia ls (o r m e rc h a n d is e ) a ga in st r e c e iv in g docu m en ts, noting and re p o rtin g d is c r e p a n c ie s and obviou s da m a ges; rou tin g m a t e r ia ls to p r e s c r ib e d s to ra g e lo ca tio n s; s to rin g , stackin g, o r p a lle tiz in g m a te r ia ls in a c c o rd a n c e w ith p r e s c r ib e d s to ra g e m eth od s; re a rra n g in g and taking in v e n to ry o f s to re d m a t e r ia ls ; ex a m in in g s to re d m a te r ia ls and re p o rtin g d e te r io r a tio n and dam age; re m o v in g m a te r ia l fr o m s to ra g e and p re p a rin g it fo r shipm ent. M ay o p e ra te hand o r p o w e r tru ck s in p e r fo r m in g w a reh ou sin g du ties. E xclu d e w o r k e r s w hose p r im a r y duties in v o lv e shipping and r e c e iv in g w ork (s e e shipping and r e c e iv in g c le r k and p a c k e r, sh ip p in g), o r d e r fillin g (s e e o r d e r f i l l e r ) , o r o p era tin g p o w e r tru ck s (s e e tr u c k e r , p o w e r). 30 Available On Request The follow in g areas a re surveyed p e rio d ic a lly fo r use in adm inistering the S ervice Contract A c t of 1965. available at no cost while supplies last fro m any o ' the BLS region al offices shown on the back co v e r. A b ilen e, T ex. Alam ogord o— Las C ruces, N. M ex. Alaska Albany, Ga. A lexa n d ria , La. A tlantic C ity, N.J< Augusta, Ga.— S.C. Baton Rouge, La. B illin gs , Mont. B rem erton , Wash. B rid gep ort, N orw alk, and Stam ford, Conn. Brunswick, Ga. Cape Cod, M ass. •Cedar Rapids, Iowa Champaign^Urbana, 111. Charleston, S.C. > Cheyenne, Wyo. C la rk s v ille , Tenn., and H opkinsville, Ky. C olorado Springs, Colo. Colum bia, S.C. C olumbu s , Ga .— la . A Columbus, M iss. Corpus C h risti, T ex. Dothan, A la. Duluth— u p erior, Minn.— is. S W F a y e tte v ille , N.C. Fitchburg—L e o m in s te r, M ass. F ort Smith, A rk .— Okla. F re d e ric k — Hagerstown— Chamber sburg— M artinsburg, Md.— Pa.— W. Va. F resn o , C alif. Gadsden— Anniston, A la. G oldsboro, N.C. Grand F ork s, N. Dak. Copies of public releases are or w ill be Grand Island— astin gs, N ebr. H Great F a lls , Mont. Lared o, Tex. Las V ega s, N ev. Logansport—P eru , Ind. L ow er Eastern Shore, Md.— Va.- D el. M cA llen — h a rr— P Edinburg and B row n sville— Harlingen— San Benito, T ex. Macon, Ga. M arquette, Escanaba, and Sault Ste. M a rie, M ich. M eridian , M iss. M iddlesex, Monmouth, Ocean, and Som erset C os., N.J. M ob ile, A la ., and Pensacola, Fla. New Bern— Jacksonville, N.C. Norwich— Grotonr-New London, Conn. Oxnard— Sim i Valley— Ventura, C alif. Panama C ity, F la . Pine B luff, A rk . Reno, N ev. Salina, Kans. Sacram ento, C alif. San A n gelo, T ex. Santa Barbara— Santa M aria— Lom poc, C alif. Selm a, A la. Sherman— Denison, T ex. Shreveport, La. Springfield— Chicopee— olyoke, M ass.— H Conn. Tacom a, Wash. Tucson, A r iz . V allejo— a irfie ld — F Napa, C alif. Waco, T ex. Wilm ington, Del.— N.J.— Md. Reports for the follow ing surveys conducted in the p rio r year but since discontinued are also available: A m a r illo , T ex. B ak ersfield , C alif. B iloxi— Gulfport—Pascagoula, M iss. Crane, Ind. E l P aso, T ex. Eugene— Springfield, O reg. F argo— oorhead, N. Dak.— M Minn. G reensboro— Winston Salem— High Point, N.C. H arrisb u rg, Pa. K n oxville, Tenn. * Expanded to an area wage survey in fis c a l y ea r 1974. Melbourne— itu s v ille — T Cocoa, F la. (B revard C o.)* M ontgom ery, A la. N a sh ville, Tenn. Northeastern Maine Ogden, Utah Orlando, Fla. Portsm outh, N.H.— Maine— ass. M Pueblo, Colo. Topeka, Kans. Yuma, A r iz . See inside back cover. The fourteenth annual rep ort on salaries for accountants, auditors, ch ief accountants, attorneys, job analysts, d irecto rs of personnel, buyers, chem ists, engineers, engineering technicians, draftsm en, and c le r ic a l em ployees. O rder as BLS Bulletin 1804, National Survey of P ro fes s io n a l, A d m in istrative, Technical, and C le ric a l Pay, M arch 1973, $1.05 a copy, fro m any of the BLS region al sales offices shown on the back c o v e r, or fro m the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing O ffic e , Washington, D.C., 20402. Area Wage Surveys A lis t of the latest available bulletins or bulletin supplements is presented below. A d ire c to ry of area wage studies including m ore lim ited studies conducted at the request of the Em ploym ent Standards A dm inistration of the Department of L ab or is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased fro m any of the BLS region al offic e s shown on the back c o v e r, or fro m the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Governm ent P rin ting O ffice, Washington, D.G., 20402. Bulletin supplements m ay be obtained, without cost, only from BLS region al o ffic e s. A rea Bulletin number and p ric e Akron, Ohio, Dec. 1972_________________________________________ 1775-36, 40 cents Albany— Schenectady— ro y , N .Y ., M a r. 1973 1 ______ __________ 1775-62, 55 cents T Albuquerque, N. M ex., M ar. 1973____ ___ ___ __ _______________ 1775-52, 40 cents Allentown— Bethlehem — Easton, Pa.— .J., M ay 1973------------- 1775-90, 50 cents N Atlanta, G a., May 1973_________________________________________ 1775-79, 40 cents Austin, T e x ., Dec. 197 3_______ ___________ __________ _______ __ Suppl. F re e F re e B altim ore, M d ., Aug. 197 3____—_______________________________ Suppl. Beaumont— o rt Arthuiv-Orange, T e x ., May 1973 1 -------------- 1775-82, 40 cents P Binghamton, N .Y .— a ., July 1973 1____________________________ 1795-1, P 55 cents Birm ingham , A la ., M ar. 1973 1_______ ________________________ 1775-65, 55 cents B oise City, Idaho, Nov. 197 3-__________________-__________ ____ Suppl. F re e Boston, M ass., Aug. 1973__ _______ ____________________________ Suppl. F re e Buffalo, N .Y ., Oct. 1973--------------------------------------------------- Suppl. F re e F re e Burlington, V t., Dec. 197 3_____________________________________ Suppl. Canton, Ohio, May 1973________________________ _______ _______ 1775-73, 40 cents Charleston, W. V a., M ar. 1973________________________________ 1775-74, 40 cents Charlotte, N .C ., Jan. 1973___________________ ._________________ 1775-39, 40 cents F re e Chattanooga, Tenn.— Ga., Sept. 1973___________________________ Suppl. Chicago, 111., May 1973_________________________________________ 1775-88, 50 cents Cincinnati, Ohio— Ky.— Ind., Feb. 1973_________________________ 1775-53, 50 cents Cleveland, Ohio, Sept. 197 3____________________________________ Suppl. F re e Columbus, Ohio, Oct. 1973_____________________________________ Suppl. F re e Dallas, T e x ., Oct. 1973---------------------------------------------------- Suppl. F re e Davenport— Rock Island— oline, Iowa— M 111., Feb. 1973—_____ _ 1775-57, 40 cents Dayton, Ohio, Dec. 197 3____ _____ _______ _____-___________ __Suppl. F re e Denver, C olo., Dec. 1972__________ ___________ ____________ ___ _ 1775-35, 40 cents Des M oines, Iowa, May 1973_________________________________ _ 1775-72, 40 cents Detroit, M ic h ., M ar. 19.73 1_____________________________________ 1775-89, 80 cents Durham, N .C ., A p r. 1973_____________ ________________ ______ 1775-61, 35 cents F ort Lauderdale— ollywood and W est Palm H Beach, F la ., A p r. 1973________________________________________ 1775-64, 40 cents F o rt Worth, T e x ., Oct. 1973___________ ___ ________ —___ _______ Suppl. F re e Green Bay, W is ., July 1973___________ ___ _____ _________ __ _Suppl. F re e G re e n v ille , S.C ., M ay 1973 1 __ _________ ______ _______________ 1775-86, 40 cents Houston, T e x ., A p r. 1973_______ _______________________ -______ 1775-71, 50 cents Huntsville, A la ., Feb. 1973____________________________________ 1775-48, 40 cents Indianapolis, Ind., Oct. 1973______________ —____________________ Suppl. F re e Jackson, M is s., Jan. 1973------------------------------------------------ 1775-44, 40 cents Jack son ville, F la ., Dec. 1972---------------- —______ _________ _— 1775-31, 40 cents Kansas C ity , Mo.— ans., Sept. 1973 1— K —___-___ _______________ 1795-4, 80 cents Law rence— averh ill, M a s s —N .H ., June 1973— H ________________ 1775-93, 50 cents Lexington, K y ., Nov. 1973______________________________________ Suppl. F re e L ittle Rock— North L ittle Rock, A r k ., July 1973______________ Suppl. F re e Los A n geles— Long Beach and Anaheim— Santa A n aGarden G rove, C a lif., Oct. 197 3------ ------------------------- ------ Suppl. F re e L o u is v ille , Ky.— Ind., Nov. 197 3_____________ ___ _______ ___ _____ Suppl. F re e Lubbock, T e x ., M ar. 1973___ _______ __ _____ _____ _______ _____ 1775-55, 40 cents M anchester, N.H ., July 197 3-------------------------------------------- Suppl. F re e Melbourne— itu s v ille — T Cocoa, F la ., Aug. 1973 1_____________________________________________________ 1795-2, 55 cents Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented. A re a M em phis, Tenn.— r k ., Nov. 1972.. A M iam i, F la ., Nov. 197 3. Midland and Odessa, T e x ., Jan. 1973. M ilwaukee, W is ., May 1973_______ M inneapolis— St. Paul, M inn., Jan. 1973__ Muskegon— Muskegon Heights, M ich., Juni Newark and J e rs e y C ity, N .J., Jan. 1973. New Haven, Conn., Jan. 1973_____________ New O rleans, L a ., Jan, New Y o rk , N .Y ., A p r. 1973___________ __________________ N orfolk— irg in ia Beach— V Portsm outh and Newport News— Hampton, V a ., Jan. 1973 1 ____ _______ Oklahoma C ity, Okla., July 1973Omaha, Nebr.— Iowa, Sept. 197 3_________ Paterson—Clifton—P a s s a ic , N .J., June 1 Philadelphia, Pa.—N .J., Nov. 1972_._. Phoenix, A r i z . , June 1973_______________ Pittsburgh, P a ., Jan. 1973 1 ______________ Portland, M aine, Nov. 1973 1 ______________ __ _________________ Portland, O reg.— Wash., May 1973___________________________ Poughkeepsie— Kingston—Newburgh, N .Y ., June 1973____ ___ P roviden ce— arwick—Pawtucket, R.I.—Mas s., W ___________ ___ __ .__________________ R aleigh, N .C ., Dec. 1973 ^ Bulletin number and p rice 1775-30, Suppl. 1775-41, 1775-83, 1775-49, 1775-91, 1775-50, 1775-46, 1775-47, 1775-94, 40 cents F re e 35 cents 40 cents 55 cents 50 cents 55 cents 40 cents 40 cents 50 cents 1775-51, Suppl. Suppl. 1775-92, 1775-45, 1775-96, 1775-67, 17951795-6, 1775-87, 1775-85, 50 cents F r ee F ree 55 cents 55 cents' 50 cents 75 cents 65 cents 35 cents 35 cents 1775-84, 35 cents 1795-7, 65 cents 1775-68, 40 cents R iv ers id e — San B ernardino— Ontario, C a lif., R ockford, 111., June 1973___________________ St. Lou is, M o.— 111., M ar. 1973 1 Salt Lake C ity, Utah, Nov. 197 3_______ San Antonio, T e x ., M ay 1973__________ San Diego, C a lif., Nov. 1973________ __ San F ran cisco— Oakland, C a lif., M ar. 1973_______ San J o s e , C a lif., M ar. 1973________________________ Savannah, G a., May 1973_____________________ _____ Scranton, P a ., J uly 1973 1_________________________ Seattle— verett, Wash., Jan. 1973________________ E Sioux F a lls , S. Dak., Dec. 1973------------------------South Bend, Ind., M ar. 1973______________________ Spokane, Wash., June 1973___________________ _____ Tampa— St. P etersb u rg, F la ., Aug. 1973__________ T oled o, O h io -M ich ., A p r. 1973. T rent on, N.J., Sept. 1973_____________ Washington, D.C.—Md.— a., M ar. 197 V W aterbury, Conn., M ar. 1973_______ W aterloo, Iowa, Nov. 1973 1 __________ W ichita, Kans., A p r. 1973—___—_____ W o rc e s te r, M ass., M ay 1973Y ork , P a ., Feb. 1973_________ 1775-60, 1775-80, 1775-69, Suppl. 1775-78, Suppl. 1775-81, 1775-66, 1775-77, 1795-3, 1775-56, Suppl. 1775-54, 1775-95, Suppl. 1775-63, Suppl. 1775-75, 1775-58, 1795-5, 1775-70, 1775-76, 1775-59, Suppl. 65 cents 35 cents 75 cents F re e 35 cents F re e 40 cents 40 cents 40 cents 55 cents 40 cents F r ee 40 cents 50 cents F ree 40 cents F r ee 50 cents 40 cents 60 cents 40 cents 40 cents 40 cents F re e POSTAGE AND FEES PAID U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS WASHINGTON, D.C. 20212 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR LAB 441 OFFICIAL BUSINESS PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE $300 THIRD CLASS MAH. 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