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AR EA WAGE SURVEY
T h e J a c k s o n , M ississ ip p i, M e tro p o lita n A re a ,
Jan u ary 1971
B u lle tin 1 6 8 5 -3 9
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
/ Bureau of Labor Statistics
BUREAU
OF
LABOR
S T A T IS T IC S
R E G IO N A L
O F F IC E S
ALASKA
Region I
1603-A Federal Building
Governm ent Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6762 (Area Code 617)
Region V
219 South Dearborn St.
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)
Region II
341 N inth Ave.
Room 1025
New Y ork, N.Y. 10001
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 21 2)
Region VI
337 M ayflow er Building
411 N o rth Akard St.
Dallas, Tex. 75201
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)
* Regions V II and VI11 w ill be serviced by Kansas C ity.
Regions IX and X w ill bte serviced by San Francisco.
*
,
Region III
406 Penn Square Building
1317 F ilb e rt St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19107
Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215)
Region IV
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St. NE.
A tla n ta , Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)
Regions V II and V III
Federal O ffice Building
911 W alnut St., 10th F loor
Kansas C ity , Mo. 64106
Phone: 374 2481 (Area Code 816)
Regions IX and X
450 Goiden Gate Ave,
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)
U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
AREA WAGE SURVEY
T h e J a c k s o n , M is s is s ip p i, M e tro p o lita n A re a ,
J a n u a ry 1971
B u lle tin 1 6 8 5 -3 9
A p ril 1971
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402 — Price 35 cents
C o n te n ts
P re fa c e
Page
T h e B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a tis tic s p r o g r a m o f annual
o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s i s d e
s ig n e d to p r o v i d e data on o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n i n g s , and e s t a b
l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s . It
y i e l d s d e t a ile d data b y s e l e c t e d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n f o r e a c h
o f the a r e a s stu d ied , f o r g e o g r a p h ic r e g i o n s , and f o r the
U n ited S t a te s .
A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the p r o g r a m is
t h e n e e d f o r g r e a t e r i n s i g h t i n t o (1) t h e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s
b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y a n d s k i l l l e v e l , a n d (2 ) t h e s t r u c
t u r e and l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s and in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s .
I n t r o d u c t i o n _________________________________________________________________________
W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s ______________________________
T a b les:
1. E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w i t h i n s c o p e o f s u r v e y a n d
2.
A t t h e e n d o f e a c h s u r v e y , an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a b u l
le tin p r e s e n t s th e s u r v e y r e s u l t s . A f t e r c o m p l e t i o n o f all
o f the in d iv id u a l a r e a b u lle tin s f o r a rou n d of s u r v e y s , tw o
s u m m a r y b u lletin s a r e is s u e d .
T h e f i r s t b r in g s data f o r
e a c h o f the m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s tu d ie d in to on e b u lle tin .
The s e co n d p r e se n ts in fo rm a tio n w hich has b een p r o je c t e d
f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a data to r e la t e to g e o
g r a p h ic r e g io n s and th e U n ited S ta tes .
A.
B.
N i n e t y a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e i n c l u d e d in t h e p r o
g r a m . In e a c h a r e a , i n f o r m a t i o n o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s
i s c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly and on e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and
su p p lem en ta ry w age p r o v is io n s bien n ially.
T h i s b u l l e t i n p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f t h e s u r v e y in
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , in J a n u a r y 1 9 7 1 .
The Standard M e t r o
p o lita n S t a tis tic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d by th e B u r e a u o f the
B u d g e t th r o u g h J a n u a ry 1968, c o n s i s t s o f H inds and R a nk in
C ou n ties.
T h is study w a s c o n d u c t e d b y the B u r e a u 's r e
g io n a l o f f i c e in A tla n ta, G a ., u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c
tio n of D onald M . C r u s e , A s s is ta n t R e g io n a l D ir e c t o r fo r
O pera tion s.
1
5
n u m b e r s t u d i e d ___________________________________________________________
I n d e x e s o f s ta n d a rd w e e k l y s a l a r i e s and s t r a i g h t - t i m e
h o u r ly e a rn in g s f o r s e le c t e d o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , and
p e r c e n t s o f i n c r e a s e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s _________________________
6
O ccu p a tion a l ea rn in gs:
A -l.
O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n a n d w o m e n ---------------------------------------A -2 .
P r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n _______________
A - 3 . O f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and te c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —
m e n a n d w o m e n c o m b i n e d _____________________________________
A -4 .
M a i n t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p l a n t o c c u p a t i o n s -----------------------------A -5 .
C u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ------------------
10
11
12
E s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s :
B - l . M in im u m en tran ce s a la rie s fo r w om en o ffice
w o r k e r s ____________________________________________________________
B -2 .
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l s -------------------------------------------------------------------------B -3 .
S c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s -------------------------------------------------------------B -4 .
P a i d h o l i d a y s ______________________________________________________
B -5 .
P a i d v a c a t i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13
14
15
16
17
a n d p e n s i o n p l a n s ------------------------------------------
20
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s --------------------------------------------------------------
22
B -6 .
A pp en d ix.
H ea lth ,
areas.
in su ra n ce ,
NOTE:
S im ila r tabu lation s
(See in s i d e b a c k c o v e r . )
are
a va ila b le
for
other
U n i o n s c a l e s , i n d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in
the J a c k s o n a r e a , a r e a ls o a v a ila b le f o r buildin g c o n s t r u c
tio n ; p r in tin g ; l o c a l - t r a n s i t o p e r a t in g e m p l o y e e s ; and l o c a l
t r u c k d r i v e r s , h e l p e r s , and a l l i e d o c c u p a t i o n s .
iii
4
7
9
In tro d u c tio n
T h i s a r e a i s 1 o f 90 in w h i c h th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r ' s
B u rea u of L a b o r S ta tistics con d u cts su rv e y s of o ccu p a tio n a l earn in gs
a n d r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s o n an a r e a w i d e b a s i s . 1 In t h i s a r e a , d a t a w e r e
ob tain ed b y p e r s o n a l v is it s of B u r e a u fie ld e c o n o m is t s to r e p r e s e n t
ativ e e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith in s i x b r o a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s :
M anu
fa c tu r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and o th e r p u b lic u tilit ie s ;
w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ; a nd
serv ices.
M a jo r in d u stry g ro u p s e x clu d e d f r o m th ese stu dies a re
g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s a n d th e c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g f e w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e
o m i t t e d b e c a u s e t h e y t e n d t o f u r n i s h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p l o y m e n t in th e
o ccu p a tio n s stu died to w a r r a n t in clu s io n .
S ep a ra te tabu lation s a re
p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l i
cation c r it e r ia .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n in g s data a r e show n f o r
f u ll-t i m e w o r k e r s , i .e ., th o se h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly sch ed u le
in t h e g i v e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
E a r n in g s data e x c lu d e p r e
m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e a n d f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , a nd
la te s h ift s.
N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a llo w a n c e s and in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s a r e in clu d ed . W h e r e w e e k ly h o u r s
a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e i s to the
s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k ( r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h i c h e m
p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th eir re g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s (e x c lu siv e of pay
f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) . A v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n
i n g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t i o n s h a v e b e e n r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r .
T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s in
an a r e a at a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r i s o n s o f i n d i v i d u a l o c c u p a t i o n a l
a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y not r e f l e c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s .
The
a v e r a g e s f o r i n d i v i d u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s a n d
e m p loy m en t patterns. F o r ex a m p le, p r o p o rtio n s of w o r k e r s em p loy ed
by h ig h - o r lo w -w a g e fir m s m a y change o r h ig h -w a g e w o r k e r s m a y
a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s and b e r e p l a c e d b y n e w w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s .
S u c h s h i f t s in e m p l o y m e n t c o u l d d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e
e v e n t h o u g h m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r i n g
th e y e a r . T r e n d s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in t a b l e
2, a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e tr e n d s than in d iv id u a l j o b s w ith in
the g r o u p s .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c te d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f
t h e u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t i n v o l v e d in s u r v e y i n g a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
To
o b t a i n o p t i m u m a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f
l a r g e th a n o f s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i s s t u d i e d . In c o m b i n i n g th e d a t a ,
h o w e v e r , all e s ta b lis h m e n ts a re g iv e n th e ir a p p ro p ria te w eigh t. E s
t i m a t e s b a s e d o n th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e ,
a s r e l a t i n g t o a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e i n d u s t r y g r o u p i n g a n d a r e a ,
e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e l o w th e m i n i m u m s i z e s t u d i e d .
O ccu p a tio n s and E a rn in g s
T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r study a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie t y
o f m a n u fa ctu rin g and n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s ,
a n d a r e o f th e
follow in g ty p es;
(1) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l ;
(3) m a i n t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p l a n t ; a n d (4) c u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e
m ent.
O c c u p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d on a u n ifo r m se t o f jo b
d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d to take a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n
in d u t i e s w i t h i n th e s a m e j o b .
T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r study
a r e l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d i x . T h e e a r n i n g s d a t a f o l l o w i n g
th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d . E a r n i n g s d a t a f o r s o m e
o f th e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s
w i t h i n o c c u p a t i o n s , a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d i n th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e
e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in t h e o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h
d a t a to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e
o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t data. E a r n in g s data not sh ow n s e p a r a t e ly
f o r i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e i n c l u d e d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d d a t a ,
w h e r e s h o w n . L i k e w i s e , d a t a a r e i n c l u d e d in t h e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
w hen a s u b c la s s ific a t io n of s e c r e t a r i e s o r t r u c k d r iv e r s is not shown
o r i n f o r m a t i o n to s u b c l a s s i f y is n ot a v a ila b le .
The a v e ra g e s p r e se n te d r e fle c t c o m p o s ite , a rea w id e e s ti
m ates.
I n d u s t r i e s a n d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l a n d j o b
s ta ffin g and, th u s, c o n t r ib u t e d i f f e r e n t l y to the e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h jo b .
T h e p a y r e l a t i o n s h i p o b t a i n a b l e f r o m th e a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a i n t a i n e d a m o n g j o b s in
i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s
f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in a n y o f th e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u l d n o t b e
a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f th e s e x e s w i t h i n
in divid ua l e s ta b lis h m e n ts .
O ther p o s s ib le fa c to r s w hich m a y c o n
t r i b u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n a n d w o m e n i n c l u d e ; D i f f e r e n c e s
in p r o g r e s s i o n w i t h i n e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s , s i n c e o n l y th e a c t u a l
r a t e s p a i d i n c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; a n d d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c d u t i e s
p e r f o r m e d , alth ou g h the w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y w ith in
th e s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g
e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a l l y m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th a n t h o s e
u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in th e s p e c i f i c d u t i e s p e r f o r m e d .
1
Inclu ded in the 90 areas are four studies c o n d u cte d under con tract w ith the N ew Y ork State
D epartm ent o f Labor. T hese areas are Bingham ton (N ew Y o rk portion o n ly ); R och ester ( o f f i c e o c c u
pations on ly); Syracuse; and U tic a —R o m e . In ad d ition , the Bureau conducts m ore lim it e d area studies
in 77 areas at the request o f the W age and H our D ivision o f the U. S. D epartm en t o f Labor.
1
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t th e t o t a l in
a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w i t h i n th e s c o p e o f th e s t u d y and n o t th e n u m b e r
actu ally s u rv ey ed .
B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e
2
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , the e s t i m a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b
ta in e d f r o m the s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s tu d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e
th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d i e d .
T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in
o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f th e
e a r n in g s data.
E s ta b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s and S u p p le m e n ta ry W age P r o v i s i o n s
I n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d ( in th e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) o n s e l e c t e d
e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s as th e y
re la t e to plan t and o f f i c e w o r k e r s .
D ata f o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s not
p r e s e n t e d s e p a r a t e l y a r e i n c l u d e d in th e e s t i m a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r i e s . "
A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , e x e c u t i v e , a n d p r o f e s s i o n a l e m p l o y e e s , and c o n s t r u c
tion w o r k e r s w ho a re u tiliz e d as a se p a ra te w o r k f o r c e a re exclu d ed .
" P l a n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k i n g f o r e m e n and a ll n o n s u p e r v i s o r y
w o r k e r s ( i n c l u d i n g l e a d m e n a n d t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f i c e f u n c
tions.
" O f f i c e w o r k e r s " in clu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s and n o n s u p e r
v i s o r y w o r k e r s p e r fo r m in g c l e r i c a l o r rela ted fu n ction s.
C a feteria
w o r k e r s a n d r o u t e m e n a r e e x c l u d e d in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , b u t
i n c l u d e d in n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .
M in im u m e n tr a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s (table
B - l ) r e l a t e o n l y t o th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s v i s i t e d . B e c a u s e o f th e o p t i m u m
s a m p l i n g t e c h n i q u e s u s e d , a n d t h e p r o b a b i l i t y th a t l a r g e e s t a b l i s h
m e n ts a re m o r e lik e ly to h av e f o r m a l e n tra n ce ra te s f o r w o r k e r s
a b o v e th e s u b c l e r i c a l l e v e l th a n s m a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , t h e t a b l e i s
m o r e - r e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f p o l i c i e s in m e d i u m a n d l a r g e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l d a t a ( t a b l e B - 2 ) a r e l i m i t e d t o p l a n t w o r k e r s
in m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s .
T h i s i n f o r m a t i o n i s p r e s e n t e d b o t h in
t e r m s o f (1) e s t a b l i s h m e n t p o l i c y , 2 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f t o t a l p l a n t
w o r k e r e m p l o y m e n t , a n d (2) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s
o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y e m p l o y e d o n t h e s p e c i f i e d s h i f t at th e t i m e o f the
survey.
In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v i n g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , th e a m o u n t
a p p ly in g to a m a j o r i t y w a s u s e d o r , i f n o a m o u n t a p p lie d to a m a j o r i t y ,
t h e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n " o t h e r " w a s u s e d . In e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in w h i c h s o m e
l a t e - s h i f t h o u r s a r e p a i d at n o r m a l r a t e s , a d i f f e r e n t i a l w a s r e c o r d e d
o n l y i f it a p p l i e d t o a m a j o r i t y o f t h e s h i f t h o u r s .
T h e s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s ( t a b l e B - 3 ) o f a m a j o r i t y o f th e
f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s in an e s t a b l i s h m e n t a r e t a b u l a t e d a s a p p l y i n g to
a l l o f th e p l a n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f th a t e s t a b l i s h m e n t .
S ch edu led
w e e k ly h ours a re those w hich a m a jo r ity of fu ll-tim e e m p lo y e e s w e r e
e x p e c t e d t o w o r k , w h e t h e r t h e y w e r e p a i d f o r at s t r a i g h t - t i m e o r
o v e rtim e rates.
a m a j o r it y o f such w o r k e r s a re e lig ib le o r m a y even tu ally qu a lify fo r
th e p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d . S u m s o f i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s in t a b l e s B - 2 t h r o u g h
B - 6 m a y n ot eq u a l to t a ls b e c a u s e o f rou nd ing.
D a t a o n p a i d h o l i d a y s ( t a b l e B - 4 ) a r e l i m i t e d to da ta o n h o l i
days g ra n te d ann ually on a f o r m a l b a s i s ; i . e . , (l) a re p r o v id e d fo r
in w r i t t e n f o r m , o r (2) h a v e b e e n e s t a b l i s h e d b y c u s t o m .
H olidays
o r d i n a r i l y g r a n t e d a r e i n c l u d e d e v e n th o u g h t h e y m a y f a l l o n a n o n
w o r k d a y a nd th e w o r k e r i s n o t g r a n t e d a n o t h e r d a y o f f .
The first
p a r t o f th e p a i d h o l i d a y s t a b l e p r e s e n t s t h e n u m b e r o f w h o l e a n d h a l f
h olid ays actu ally gran ted.
T h e s e c o n d p a r t c o m b i n e s w h o l e and h a l f
h o lid a y s to sh o w to ta l h o l i d a y t i m e .
T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t i o n p la n s (table B - 5 ) is li m i t e d to a
sta tistica l m e a s u r e of v a ca tion p r o v is io n s .
It i s n o t i n t e n d e d a s a
m e a s u r e o f th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s a c t u a l l y r e c e i v i n g s p e c i f i c b e n e
f i t s . P r o v i s i o n s o f an e s t a b l i s h m e n t f o r a l l le n g t h s o f s e r v i c e w e r e
ta b u la te d as a p p ly in g to a ll plan t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s o f the e s t a b l i s h
m e n t, r e g a r d l e s s o f length o f s e r v i c e .
P r o v i s i o n s f o r p a y m e n t on
o th e r than a t i m e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d to a t i m e b a s i s ; f o r e x a m p le ,
a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s the e q u i v
alent o f 1 w e e k 's pay.
O n ly b a s i c plan s a r e in clu d e d .
E stim ates
e x c l u d e v a c a t i o n b o n u s a n d v a c a t i o n - s a v i n g s p l a n s arid t h o s e w h i c h
o f f e r " e x t e n d e d " o r " s a b b a t i c a l " b e n e f i t s b e y o n d b a s i c p l a n s w it h
q u a l i f y i n g l e n g t h s o f s e r v i c e . S u c h e x c l u s i o n s a r e t y p i c a l in th e s t e e l ,
a l u m i n u m , a nd c a n i n d u s t r i e s .
D ata on h e a lth , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p la n s (table B - 6 ) in
c l u d e t h o s e p l a n s f o r w h i c h th e e m p l o y e r p a y s at l e a s t a p a r t o f th e
c o s t. Such plan s in clu d e th o se u n d e r w r itte n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in su ra n c e
c o m p a n y a n d t h o s e p r o v i d e d t h r o u g h a u n i o n fu n d o r p a i d d i r e c t l y b y
th e e m p l o y e r o u t o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t i n g f u n d s o r f r o m a f u n d s e t a s i d e
f o r t h i s p u r p o s e . A n e s t a b l i s h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d to h a v e a p l a n i f
th e m a j o r i t y o f e m p l o y e e s w a s e l i g i b l e t o b e c o v e r e d u n d e r th e p l a n ,
e v e n i f l e s s th a n a m a j o r i t y e l e c t e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e b e c a u s e e m p l o y e e s
w e r e r e q u i r e d to c o n t r i b u t e t o w a r d th e c o s t o f th e p l a n .
L eg ally
r e q u ir e d p lan s, such as w o r k m e n 's co m p e n sa tio n , s o c ia l s ecu rity ,
and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t w e r e e x clu d e d .
S i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e i s l i m i t e d t o th a t t y p e o f
in su ra n ce under w hich p r e d e te r m in e d cash paym ents a re m ade d ir e ctly
to the i n s u r e d d u rin g i l l n e s s o r a c c i d e n t d is a b ilit y .
In fo r m a tio n is
p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s u c h p l a n s t o w h i c h th e e m p l o y e r c o n t r i b u t e s . H o w
e v e r , in N e w Y o r k a n d N e w J e r s e y , w h i c h h a v e e n a c t e d t e m p o r a r y
P a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a t io n s ; and h ea lth , in s u r a n c e ,
and
d is a b ility in su ra n c e la w s w h ich r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r co n trib u tio n s ,
plans
p e n s io n p la n s (ta b le s B - 4 th ro u g h B - 6 ) a r e tr e a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l l y on
a r e i n c l u d e d o n l y i f th e e m p l o y e r ( l ) c o n t r i b u t e s m o r e th a n i s l e g a l l y
th e b a s i s th a t t h e s e a r e a p p l i c a b l e t o a l l p l a n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f
r e q u i r e d , o r (2) p r o v i d e s t h e e m p l o y e e w it h b e n e f i t s w h i c h e x c e e d th e
2
A n establishm ent was con sid ered as having a p o lic y if it m e t eith er o f the fo llo w in g c o n
r e q u i r e m e n t s o f th e l a w .
T a b u la tio n s o f paid s ic k le a v e plans a re
ditions: (1 ) O perated la te shifts at the tim e o f the survey, o r (2 ) had form al provisions co v e rin g
late shifts. A n establishm ent was con sidered as h aving fo rm a l provisions if it (1 ) had op erated la te
shifts during the 12 months prior to the survey, or (2 ) had provisions in w ritten form for operating
late shifts.
2
Th e tem porary
contributions.
disability laws
in C a liforn ia
and R hode Island do not require
em ployer
3
l i m i t e d to f o r m a l p l a n s 4 w h i c h p r o v i d e f u l l p a y o r a p r o p o r t i o n o f th e
w o r k e r 's p a y du rin g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e c a u s e o f illn e s s . S e p a r a te
ta bu lation s a r e p r e s e n t e d a c c o r d in g to ( l ) p la n s w h ich p r o v i d e fu ll p a y
a nd n o w a i t i n g p e r i o d , a n d (2) p l a n s w h i c h p r o v i d e e i t h e r p a r t i a l p a y
o r a w a i t i n g p e r i o d . In a d d i t i o n t o t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n o f th e p r o p o r t i o n s
o f w o r k e r s w h o a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s and a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e o r p a id
s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p l i c a t e d t o t a l i s s h o w n o f w o r k e r s w h o r e c e i v e
eith er o r both ty p es of b e n e fits.
4
A n establishm ent was con sid ered as h aving a fo rm a l plan if it established at least the
m in im u m num ber o f days o f sick le a v e a v a ila b le to ea ch e m p lo y e e .
Such a plan n e e d not be
w ritten, but in form al sick le a v e a llo w a n ce s , d eterm in ed on an individ ual basis, w ere e xclu d e d .
M a jo r m e d i c a l in s u r a n c e in c lu d e s th o s e plan s w h ich a r e d e
s i g n e d to p r o t e c t e m p l o y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s a n d i n j u r y i n v o l v i n g
e x p e n s e s b e y o n d th e c o v e r a g e o f b a s i c h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n , m e d i c a l , a nd
s u r g ic a l p la n s. M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to plan s p r o v id in g f o r c o m
p lete o r p a rtia l paym en t o f d o c t o r s ' fe e s .
D ental in su ra n c e u su ally
c o v e r s fillin g s , e x t r a c t io n s , and X - r a y s .
E x c lu d e d a r e plans w h ich
c o v e r on ly o r a l s u r g e r y o r a ccid e n t d a m a g e .
P la n s m a y be u n d e r
w ritten by c o m m e r c i a l in su ra n ce co m p a n ie s o r n on p rofit orga n iza tion s
o r t h e y m a y b e p a i d f o r b y th e e m p l o y e r o u t o f a fu n d s e t a s i d e f o r
t h is p u r p o s e . T a b u l a t i o n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s i o n p l a n s a r e l i m i t e d to
t h o s e p l a n s th at p r o v i d e r e g u l a r p a y m e n t s f o r th e r e m a i n d e r o f the
w o r k e r 's life.
4
T a b le 1.
Establishm ents and w ork e rs within scope of survey and num ber studied in Jackson, M iss.,1 by m ajor industry division,2 January 1971
Number of establishments
Industry division
Minimum
employment
in establish
ments in scope
of study
W orkers in establishments
Within scope of study
Within scope
of study3
Plant
Number
Manufacturing_____________________
Nonmanufacturing_
— — — — -------- --------Transportation, communication, and
other public utilities 5________________________
W holesale tra d e ------------------------------------------------Retail trade____________________________________
Finance, insurance, and real esta te ________
Services 8_________ __ ____
_ _
______
50
-
50
50
50
50
50
Office
Percent
Total4
90
29 ,9 7 9
100
19.660
5.701
20.5 0 7
61
132
33
57
11,112
37
63
10,601
9 ,0 5 9
725
4 ,9 7 6
8 ,2 6 6
12,241
18
23
46
11
8
24
10
193
All divisions___________________________________
Studied
T otal4
Studied
21
19
9
18,867
4 ,7 6 9
1,976
5 ,9 0 7
3,5 9 7
2,618
16
6
20
12
9
2 ,4 7 3
(6)
(6)
0
(6)
936
(6)
0
(6)
(6)
4 , 122
947
3,434
2,441
1,297
1 T h e J a c k s o n S tand ard M e tr o p o lita n S ta t is tic a l A r e a , as d e fin e d by the B u rea u o f the B u dget th rou gh Jan u ary 1968, c o n s is t s o f H inds and R ankin C o u n tie s . T h e " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f
s tu d y " e s tim a te s show n in this ta b le p r o v id e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t io n o f the s i z e and c o m p o s it io n o f the la b o r f o r c e in clu d ed in the s u r v e y .
T h e e s tim a te s a r e not in ten ded, h o w e v e r ,
to s e r v e as a b a s is o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p lo y m e n t in d e x e s f o r the a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t tre n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning o f w age s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s the u s e o f es ta b lis h m en t
data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in ad v a n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu d ie d , and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e e x c lu d e d fr o m the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1967 e d itio n o f the Standard I n d u s tria l C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u s e d in c la s s ify in g e sta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u s try d iv is io n .
3 In clu d es a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n .
A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the a rea ) o f c o m p a n ie s in s u ch in d u s tr ie s as t r a d e ,
fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir
s e r v i c e , and m o tio n p ic tu r e th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e s ta b lis h m e n t.
4 In clu d es e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and o th e r w o r k e r s e x c lu d e d fr o m the s e p a r a te plant and o f f i c e c a t e g o r ie s .
5 A b b r e v ia te d to "p u b lic u t i li t ie s " in the A - and B - s e r i e s t a b le s . T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid e n ta l to w a te r tr a n s p o r ta tio n w e r e ex c lu d e d .
6 T h is in d u stry d iv is io n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , and fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B t a b le s . S ep a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n
o f data f o r this d iv is io n is not m a d e f o r on e o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in the d iv is io n is to o s m a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a r a te stu dy, (2) the s a m p le was
not d e s ig n e d in itia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequ ate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n , and (4) t h e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e o f individ ual
e s ta b lis h m e n t data.
7 W o r k e r s fr o m this e n t ir e in d u stry d iv is io n a r e r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g " in the S e r ie s A t a b le s , but fr o m the r e a l e sta te p o r tio n on ly in e s tim a te s
fo r " a l l i n d u s t r ie s " in the S e r ie s B t a b le s .
S e p a ra te p r e s e n t a t io n o f data f o r this d iv is io n is not m a d e fo r one o r m o r e o f the r e a s o n s g iv en in footn ote 6 a b o v e .
8 H o te ls and m o t e ls : la u n d r ie s and o th e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir , r e n ta l, and p a rk in g ; m o tio n p i c t u r e s , n o n p ro fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a tio n s (ex clu d in g r e lig io u s
and c h a r ita b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ); and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .
A lm o s t tw o -fift h s o f the w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f the s u r v e y in the J a c k s o n a r e a
w e r e e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g f ir m s .
T h e fo llo w in g p r e s e n t s the m a jo r in d u s tr y grou p s
and s p e c i f i c in d u s tr ie s as a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa ctu rin g:
In d u stry g ro u p s
F u rn itu r e and fix t u r e s _______________ 19
F o o d and k in d re d p r o d u c t s __________ 18
E l e c t r ic a l equ ipm en t and
s u p p lie s ______________________________ 14
S to n e , c la y , and g la s s
p r o d u c t s --------------------------------------------- 13
T r a n s p o rta tio n e q u ip m e n t___________ 8
A p p a r e l and o th e r te x tile
S p e c ific in d u s tr ie s
H ou se h o ld f u r n it u r e ______________18
A i r c r a ft and p a r t s ______________ 8
M eat p r o d u c t s ____________________ 8
H ou se h o ld a p p li a n c e s ___________ 7
E l e c t r ic a l ligh tin g and
w ir in g equ ipm en t________________ 6
T h is in fo r m a tio n is b a s e d on e s tim a te s o f total e m p lo y m e n t d e r iv e d f r o m u n iv e r s e
m a t e r ia ls c o m p ile d p r i o r to actu al s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t io n s in v a r io u s in d u stry d iv is io n s m ay
d iffe r f r o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d on the r e s u lts o f the s u r v e y as show n in ta b le 1 a b o v e .
W age
T ren d s
fo r S e le c te d
P r e s e n t e d in t a b l e 2 a r e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e
i n a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ,
and i n a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s .
The in d exes
a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g i v e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t o f
w a g e s d u r i n g th e b a s e p e r i o d .
S u b t r a c t i n g 100 f r o m t h e i n d e x y i e l d s
th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e i n w a g e s f r o m th e b a s e p e r i o d to th e d a t e o f
th e i n d e x .
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e r e l a t e to w a g e
c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d d a t e s .
Annual rates o f in c r e a s e , w here
s h o w n , r e f l e c t th e a m o u n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n t h s w h e n th e t i m e
p e r i o d b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s o t h e r th a n 12 m o n t h s . T h e s e c o m p u t a t i o n s
w e r e b a s e d o n th e a s s u m p t i o n th a t w a g e s i n c r e a s e d at a c o n s t a n t r a t e
betw een s u rv e y s .
T h e s e e s t i m a t e s a r e m e a s u r e s o f c h a n g e in a v e r
a g e s f o r th e a r e a ; t h e y a r e n o t i n t e n d e d t o m e a s u r e a v e r a g e p a y
c h a n g e s i n th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n th e a r e a .
O c c u p a tio n a l G ro u p s
s h o w s th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e .
T h e i n d e x i s th e p r o d u c t o f m u l t i p l y i n g
th e b a s e y e a r r e l a t i v e ( 1 0 0 ) b y th e r e l a t i v e f o r th e n e x t s u c c e e d i n g
y e a r and c o n t i n u i n g t o m u l t i p l y ( c o m p o u n d ) e a c h y e a r ' s r e l a t i v e b y the
p r e v io u s y e a r 's in dex.
F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and i n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , the w a g e
t r e n d s r e l a t e to r e g u l a r w e e k l y s a l a r i e s f o r th e n o r m a l w o r k w e e k ,
e x c lu s iv e of ea rn in gs fo r o v e r t im e .
F o r p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , t h e y
m e a s u r e ch a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , ex clu d in g
p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
late s h ift s.
The p e r c e n t a g e s a re b a s e d on data f o r s e le c t e d k ey o c c u
p a t i o n s and i n c l u d e m o s t o f th e n u m e r i c a l l y i m p o r t a n t j o b s w ith in
each group.
L im itation s
o f D a ta
M ethod o f C om putin g
T h e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e ,
as m e a s u r e s
of
ch a n ge in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e in flu e n ce d by:
(1) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and
w a g e c h a n g e s , (2) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s i n p a y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i
v i d u a l w o r k e r s w h i l e i n the s a m e j o b , and (3) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
w a g e s du e t o c h a n g e s i n th e l a b o r f o r c e r e s u l t i n g f r o m l a b o r t u r n
o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s i o n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , a nd c h a n g e s i n th e p r o p o r - '
t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s .
C h a n g e s in th e l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in the
o c c u p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s w ithout a ctu a l w a g e c h a n g e s .
It i s c o n c e i v a b l e
th at e v e n th o u g h a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n an a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s ,
a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y have d e c lin e d b e c a u s e l o w e r - p a y i n g e s ta b lis h m e n ts
e n t e r e d th e a r e a o r e x p a n d e d t h e i r w o r k f o r c e s .
S im ila rly , w ages
m a y h a v e r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y c o n s t a n t , y e t th e a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a
m a y have r is e n c o n s i d e r a b ly b e c a u s e h ig h e r -p a y in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts
e n t e r e d th e a r e a .
E a c h o f th e f o l l o w i n g k e y o c c u p a t i o n s w it h i n an o c c u p a t i o n a l
g r o u p w a s a s s ig n e d a co n sta n t w eigh t b a s e d on its p r o p o r t io n a te e m
p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p :
O ffic e c le r ic a l (m e n and w o m e n ):
B ook k eep in g-m a ch in e
operators, class B
C leats, a ccou n tin g , classes
A and B
C lerks, f il e , classes
A , B, and C
C lerks, order
Clerks, p ayroll
C om p tom eter operators
K eypunch operators, classes
A and B
Messengers ( o f f i c e boys or
girls)
The
p l i e d b y th e
in th e g r o u p
w e re rela ted
g a t e f o r th e
O ffic e c le r ic a l (m e n and w o m e n )—
Continued
Secretaries
Stenographers, general
Stenographers, senior
Sw itchboard operators, classes
A and B
T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e operators,
class B
Typists, classes A and B
Industrial nurses (m e n and
w om en ):
Nurses, industrial (registered)
S k illed m ain ten an ce (m en ):
Carpenters
E lectricians
M achinists
M ech an ics
M ech an ics (a u to m o tiv e )
Painters
Pipefitters
T o o l and die makers
U nskilled plant (m e n ):
Janitors, porters, and
cleaners
Laborers, m aterial handling
T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p l o y m e n t w e i g h t s e l i m i n a t e s th e e f f e c t
o f c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h j o b i n
c l u d e d i n th e d a t a .
The p e r ce n ta g e s of change r e f le c t on ly ch anges
in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s .
T h e y a r e not in flu e n c e d by
c h a n g e s in s t a n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u l e s , a s s u c h , o r b y p r e m i u m p a y
for overtim e.
W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , data w e r e ad ju ste d to r e m o v e f r o m
th e i n d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d
b y c h a n g e s i n th e s c o p e o f t h e s u r v e y .
a v e ra g e (m ean) e a rn in g s f o r e a ch o c c u p a tio n w e r e m u lt i
o c c u p a t i o n a l w e i g h t , and th e p r o d u c t s f o r a ll o c c u p a t i o n s
w e r e tota led.
The a ggregates fo r 2 con secu tive yea rs
b y d i v i d i n g th e a g g r e g a t e f o r th e l a t e r y e a r b y th e a g g r e
ea rlier year.
T h e r e s u l t a n t r e l a t i v e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t ,
5
6
T a b le 2 .
In d e x e s o f sta n d ard w e e k ly s a la rie s and s tra ig h t-tim e hourly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c te d o ccu p atio n al g ro u p s in
J a c k s o n , M iss., Ja n u a ry 1971 and J a n u a ry 1 9 6 9 , and percen ts o f in c re a s e fo r s e le c te d p eriods
A ll in d u s t r ie s
O ffic e
c le r ic a l
(m e n and
w om en )
P e r io d
In d u s tr ia l
n u rses
(m e n and
w om en)
M a n u f a c t u r in g
S k ille d
m a in te n a n c e
tra d es
(m e n )
U n s k ille d
p la n t
w ork ers
(m e n )
O ffic e
c le r ic a l
(m e n and
w om en)
In d u s tr ia l
n u rses
(m e n and
w om en )
S k ille d
m a in te n a n c e
tra d es
(m e n )
U n s k i ll e d
p la n t
w ork ers
(m e n )
( X)
1 2 6 .2
1 1 5 .6
1 2 8 .6
1 1 7 .9
(! }
(* )
( |)
(* )
1 7 0 .2
9 .2
9 .1
2.1
4 .0
4 .4
In d e x e s (F e b r u a r y 1967=100)
J a n u a r y 197 1
J a n u a ry 1970
_
_
—
___
— -------------- - - — ----— ----------------------------------------
1 1 9 .7
1 1 4 .0
n
( x)
1 3 0 .4
1 1 7 .6
1 2 3 .5
1 1 8 .5
n
n
(?)
In d e x e s (F e b r u a r y 1961=100)
J a n u a r y 1 9 7 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------F e b r u a r y 1 9 6 7 ------------- ----------------------------- — -------------
1 5 1 .8
1 2 6 .9
(i)
1 5 3 .1
1 1 7 .5
1 6 9 .8
1 3 7 .6
(!)
C )
(*)
P e r c e n ts o f in c r e a s e
J a n u a r y 1 9 7 0 t o J a n u a r y 1 9 7 1 -------- ------- ------------F e b r u a r y 1969 to J a n u a ry 197 0:
11- m o n t h i n c r e a s e ---------------------------------------------------A n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e __ - - — ---------F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru a ry
1
1 96 8
1 96 7
1 96 6
1 96 5
1964
1963
1962
196 1
1960
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
D a ta d o
F eb ru ary
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru a ry
F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
F eb ru ary
not m e e t
1 9 6 9 ------- ---------------1968—
- — ----1 9 6 7 -----------------------------1 9 6 6 -------------- ------- —
1 9 6 5 - -------------------- 1 9 6 4 - ----- -----------------1 9 6 3 — — ---------- 19 6 2
—
1 9 6 1 ----------------- -------
p u b lic a t io n
1 0 .9
4 .2
(* )
(M
n
(* )
3 .3
3 .6
4 .5
4 .9
n
o
(? )
( x)
O
( )
( )
9 .8
3 .6
3 .7
3.1
1.5
.5
3 .6
4 .0
5 .0
4 .4
8.6
(?)
( )
o
( )
8 .7
5 .9
(?)
(?)
( ?)
(?)
4 .9
2 .9
8 .3
4 .0
()
( )
()
()
(>
(M
5 .0
n
4 .2
4 .6
5 .5
3 .7
5 .4
5 .4
3 .1
3 .7
3 .4
3 .3
1.8
)
(*)
2.1
( )
( ?)
(*)
(>
c r ite r ia .
NOTE:
P r e v i o u s l y p u b l i s h e d i n d e x e s f o r t h e J a c k s o n a r e a u s e d F e b r u a r y 196 1 a s th e b a s e p e r i o d .
T h e y c a n b e c o n v e r t e d to th e n ew b a s e p e r i o d b y d iv id in g th e m b y th e c o r r e s p o n d i n g in d e x n u m b e r s f o r
F e b r u a r y 19 6 7 o n th e F e b r u a r y 1 96 1 b a s e p e r i o d a s s h o w n i n th e t a b l e .
(T h e r e s u l t s h o u ld b e m u lt ip lie d
b y 1 0 0 .)
2 .3
8 .3
4 .5
4 .2
8.8
'( )
( )
( )
(|)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
(*)
( )
(*)
7
A.
Occupational earnings
T a b l e A -1 .
O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n a n d w o m e n
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n u a ry 1971)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s ol
Number
Average
woriters
hours 1
^standard)
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
$
Mean 2
Median 2
Middle range2
i
S
55
60
$
1
65
70
$
75
$
80
$
85
$
90
s
95
*
10 C
$
105
S
110
s
115
$
120
s
125
*
130
*
135
*
14C
$
150
$
160
and
under
170
an d
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
I
-
-
1
-
125
130
-
3
1
-
135
14 0
15C
160
2
2
-
2
A
3
1
-
1
1
3
-
2
1
170
over
MEN
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A
18
40.0
$
143.00
$
144.00
$
$
127.00-160.50
CLERKS,
20
40.0
111.50
97.50
93.00-134.00
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
3
CLERKS, ORDER ----------------
25
o
•a-
O
109.00
85.00
82.50-139.00
-
-
-
-
-
13
-
-
-
1
2
-
-
1
-
1
2
1
ME SS EN GE RS (OFFICE BOYS) -N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG --------
33
28
39.0
39.0
84.00
84.00
81.50
81.00
74.5074.50-
_
1
_
8
8
5
5
11
9
1
1
i
i
3
3
2
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
ACCOUNTING, CLASS B
e7.50
85.00
'
B O OK KE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS,
CL AS S A -------------------------------
17
40.5
96.00
87.50
83.00-120.50
BO OK KE EP IN G- MA CH IN E OPERATORS,
CLASS B ------------------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
42
31
40.0
40.0
86.00
85.50
86.00
86.50
78.5078.00-
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
102
26
76
39.5
39.0
39.5
109.50
112.50
108.50
104.00
120.50
103.50
95.50-123.00
92.00-124.50
96.50-122.00
_
_
-
-
CLERKS, ACCOUNTING, CLASS B -------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
254
20
234
39.0
39.5
39.0
93.50
94.00
93.50
89.00
89.00
89.00
82.50-110.50
86.00-113.00
82.00-110.50
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
19
CLERKS, FILE, CLASS B --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
48
48
39.0
39.0
80.50
80.50
82.50
82.50
76.0076.00-
e7.00
e7.00
-
2
2
2
2
6
6
CLERKS, FILE, CLASS C --------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
83
83
38.5
38.5
71.50
71.50
69.00
69.00
66.5066.50-
78.00
78.00
_
8
8
40
40
ii
ii
CLERKS, PAYROLL ---------------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
41
31
39.5
39.5
1 0 2 . 0C
100.00
101.00
90.00
87.00-114.50
86.00-114.00
_
_
_
-
-
~
KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS A -------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
77
69
39.5
39.5
94.00
93.50
93.00
92.50
86.50-100.50
86.50- 99.50
_
_
-
-
-
-
KE YPUNCH OPERATORS, CLASS B -------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
165
157
38.0
38.0
84.00
8 4 .CO
80.50
80.00
73.5073.50-
_
3
3
7
7
SECRETARIES --------------------------MA NU FACTURING --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTIL IT IE S ---------------
346
23
323
44
39.5
40.0
39.5
39.C
111.00
113.00
111.00
143.00
104.00
115.00
103.50
149.50
-
92.50
92.50
89.50
89.50
96.00-124.50
98.50-131.50
95.50-124.50
130.00-158.50
-
-
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
8
2
-
2
-
-
5
5
1
"
7
5
7
A
9
7
7
6
_
2
*
_
_
3
3
5
5
-
13
A
9
16
1
15
15
2
13
2
2
A
4
41
8
33
25
2
23
9
13
5
61
A
57
9
13
A
4
46
3
43
9
9
12
12
16
16
_
7
7
16
16
-
1
1
_
-
6
6
1C
10
-
3
3
6
6
6
5
14
12
45
45
26
24
28
24
_
_
-
-
1
1
_
3
*
*
3
10
19
5
-
-
-
-
-
19
1
18
1
-
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
*
-
SECRETARIES, CLASS A -------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
21
19
39.5
39.5
128.00
128.50
132.50
135.00
110.00-139.00
105.00-139.00
-
SECRETARIES, CLASS B -------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S ---------------
60
58
18
39.5
39.5
39.5
127.50
128.50
151.00
123.00
123.50
157.50
106.00-156.00
107.00-156.00
139.00-166.50
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
~
~
-
-
-
-
*
SECRETARIES, CLASS C -------------NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
68
58
39.0
39.0
117.00
118.50
116.00
122.00
98.00-135.00
98.50-138.00
_
_
_
_
i
1
1
WOMEN
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le s,
i
-
3
2
1
~
1
-
“
~
6
-
4
i
-
-
-
6
-
4
i
-
2
“
7
3
A
3
3
i
i
A
-
A
22
2
20
23
2
21
14
3
ii
3
19
2
17
1
1
1
A
A
-
-
2
2
3
2
A
A
A
5
5
2
2
1
8
8
i
3
1
4
A
-
A
7
3
A
17
8
9
9
9
-
A
8
2
6
-
2
6
i
5
A
52
6
46
-
_
A
33
1
32
-
_
-
24
-
A
A
_
*
-
1
1
6
6
-
_
*
3
3
3
3
7
7
2
2
_
*
3
2
7
6
-
-
2
2
18
17
-
-
-
7
5
-
-
3
3
12
11
“
_
-
-
6
6
17
17
"
_
-
-
”
-
2
_
4
-
A
2
-
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
24
-
3
55
*
55
3
-
5
A
i
17
12
5
5
4
A
i
-
3
9
9
3
“
1
1
5
5
-
1
1
-
-
“
~
1
1
“
i
i
3
2
-
-
-
-
-
~
"
“
“
“
-
-
-
-
-
-
“
-
~
20
3
17
6
15
2
13
1
14
1
13
5
18
5
3
18
15
5
3
2
2
1
6
6
1
1
1
1
~
3
3
1
3
3
1
2
2
“
10
10
8
A
6
6
3
2
7
7
6
6
A
-
5
5
-
1
1
2
2
1
”
8
T a b l e A -1 .
O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n a n d w o m e n -----C o n t i n u e d
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s tr y d iv is io n , J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n u a ry 1971)
Weekly earnings 1
( standard)
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly e a r n in g s o f —
$
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
55
weekly
i
60
*
65
t
70
$
75
$
80
t
85
t
90
*
95
i
1 00
S
i
1 05
1 10
$
115
1 20
s-----i----- $--- *
125
1 30
135
*
1 90
*
$
150
160
170
-
-
and
Middle range ^
(standard)
u n d er
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
1 00
30
30
WOMEN - C O NT IN UE D
SECRET AR IE S - C O NT IN UE D
SECRETARIES, CL AS S D ------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
1 97
188
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
$
1 0 2 .5 0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 0 0 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0
9 2 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 -
1 1 0 .0 0
1 0 8 .0 0
15
19
22
22
26
26
ST EN OGRAPHERS, GE NE RA L ------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC U T IL IT IE S --------------
1 99
28
1 16
99
3 9 .5
9 0 .0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
9 6 .0 0
9 6 .5 0
9 5 .5 0
1 0 3 .5 0
9 9 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
9 3 .5 0
1 0 5 .5 0
8 3 .5 0 9 0 .0 0 8 3 .0 0 9 3 .5 0 -
1 0 8 .0 0
1 0 3 .5 0
1 1 0 .0 0
1 1 2 .5 0
27
3
29
5
12
17
5
STENOGRAPHERS, SE NI OR -------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTIL IT IE S --------------
57
99
16
9 0 .0
9 0 .0
3 9 .5
1 0 6 .5 0
1 0 2 .5 0
1 2 1 .5 0
9 7 .5 0
9 5 .5 0
1 1 9 .0 0
9 0 .0 0 8 9 .0 0 9 9 .0 0 -
1 2 6 .0 0
1 1 6 .0 0
1 9 3 .0 0
SW ITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CLASS B --N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
28
25
9 0 .0
9 0 .0
8 0 .0 0
8 0 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
5 8 .0 0 - 9 9 .0 0
5 7 .5 0 1 0 1 .0 0
S W I T CH BO AR D OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSM A NU FA CT UR IN G -------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
63
18
95
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
8 7 .0 0
9 2 .5 0
8 9 .5 0
8 7 .0 0
9 3 .0 0
86.00
8 1 . 0 0 - 9 3 .0 0
8 3 .5 0 1 0 3 .0 0
8 0 .0 0 - 9 1 .0 0
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
9 3 .5 0
9 9 .0 0
9 5 .0 0
9 2 .5 0
9 9 .0 0
9 6 .5 0
8 9 .5 0 8 5 .5 0 8 3 .5 0 -
3 8 .5
3 8 .5
8 1 .0 0
8 1 .0 0
7 6 .0 0
7 6 .0 0
7 1 .5 0 7 1 .5 0 -
T R A N S C R I BI NG -M AC HI NE OPERATORS,
GENERAL ------------------------------
7 5 .5 0 -
TYPISTS, CL AS S A -------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG ----------------PUBLIC UTIL IT IE S -------------TYPISTS, CLASS B -------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
See fo o t n o t e s a t end o f t a b le s .
161
161
7
7
9 6 .0 0
19
13
10
1 0 3 .0 0
1 0 3 .0 0
1 0 7 .0 0
8 9 .0 0
8 9 .0 0
2
10
2
22
22
28
28
12
105
1 10
1 15
1 20
1 25
130
135
190
1 50
160
170 o v e r
9
T a b le A -2 .
P r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n
(A v e r a g e s t r a ig h t - t im e w e e k ly h o u r s and e a r n in g s fo r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d on an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n u a ry 1970)
Weekly earnings
(standard)
S ex ,
occu p a tion ,
and
in d u stry
d iv ision
Number
of
workers
1
N u m b e r
$
TT ^
U n der
weekly
M ean 2
Median 2
Middle range 2
[standard)
$
85
S
and
85
u n der
90
$
%
90
95
100
of
w o r k e r s
S
$
105
110
re ce iv in g
$
%
115
12C
stra ig h t-tim e
$
$
125
$
13 0
w e e k ly
$
135
ea rn in g s
s
$
140
15 0
of—
$
160
$
170
s
$
180
190
s
%
20 0
210
22C
and
95
ICO
105
l i e
115
120
125
13C
135
140
150
160
170
180
190
20 0
210
220
2
3
o v er
MEN
$
COMPUTER OPERATORS,
NONMANUFACTURING
DRA FTSMEN,
CLA
j j
0
CLASS A
DRAFTS ME N, CLAS S C
See fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b le s .
$
$
$
1 2 8 .5 0
1 2 4 .0 0
1 0 9 . 0 0 -
1 4 9 .5 0
3 9 .0
1 2 9 .0 0
1 2 4 .5 0
1 0 9 . 0 0 -
1 4 9 .5 0
37
36
16
4 0 .0
2 0 9 .0 0
2 0 2 . 5C
1 7 7 .5 0 -2 1 9 .5 0
26
4 C .0
1 5 8 .5 0
1 5 9 .0 0
1 3 9 . 0 0 - i e 4 .0 0
22
3 9 .5
1 0 5 .5 0
1 0 9 .0 0
9 3 .0 0 - 1 1 9 .0 0
,
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
3
10
T a b le A -3 .
O f f ic e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n and w o m e n c o m b in e d
(A verage straigh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry d ivision , Jackson, M iss. , January 1971)
Av srage
Average
O c c u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
O F F IC E
A
O c c u p a tio n and in d u s tr y d iv is io n
17
4 0 .5
$
9 6 . OC
Weekly
of
workers
(standard]
OFFICE
OPERATORS,
------------------------------------------------------------------
Average
Number
Weekly
Weekly
hours 1 earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
OCCUPATIONS
B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E
CLASS
Number
of
OCCUPATIONS
M ESSENGERS
(O FF IC E
-
BOYS
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
C O N T IN U ED
AND
G IR L S I-
----------------------------------------------
O cc u p a tio n and in d u stry d iv is io n
O FFICE
51
3 8 .5
$
8 2 .5 0
46
3 8 .5
8 2 .5 0
346
3 9 .5
1 1 1 .0 0
23
4 C .C
1 1 3 . CC
323
3 9 .5
1 1 1 .C O
44
3 9 .0
1 4 3 .0 0
O CCU PATION S
SW IT C H B O A R D
CLASS
B
OPERATORS,
-----------------------------------------------------------------
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
------------------------------
SE C R ET A RIE S
42
4 0 .0
8 6 . CC
M AN U FA C TU R IN G
31
120
4 0 .0
8 5 .5 0
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
3 9 .5
1 1 4 . 5C
P U B L IC
CLERKS,
ACCO U N TIN G ,
M AN U FA C TU R IN G
ACCO U N TIN G ,
M AN U FA C TU R IN G
F IL E ,
CLASS
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
CLERKS,
F IL E ,
—
-----------------------------CLASS
B
—
----------------------------------------
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
CLERKS,
A
----------------------------------------
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
CLERKS,
CLASS
CLASS
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
-------------------------------
3 9 .5
1 1 5 .5 0
3 9 .5
1 1 4 . OC
274
3 9 .0
9 4 .5 0
28
3 9 .5
9 4 . OC
24 6
3 9 .0
9 5 .0 0
PU B L IC
SE C R ETARIES,
48
3 9 .0
8 0 .5 0
48
3 9 .0
8 0 .5 0
------------------------
83
3 8 .5
7 1 .5 0
------------------------------
83
3 8 .5
7 1 .5 0
45
4 0 .0
9 7 .0 0
31
4 C .0
8 7 . CC
44
3 9 .5
1 0 3 .0 0
32
3 9 .5
1 0 2 . OC
C
—
SE C R ET A RIE S,
CLASS
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
SEC R ETA RIE S,
A
—
CLASS
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
CLASS
SE C R ETARIES,
C
—
CLASS
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
3 9 .5
1 2 8 . CO
19
3 9 .5
1 2 8 . 5C
3 9 .5
1 2 7 .5 0
58
3 9 .5
1 2 8 .5 0
18
3 9 .5
1 5 1 .0 0
68
3 9 . C
1 1 7 . CC
58
3 9 .0
1 1 8 . 5C
60
8
—
U T IL IT IE S
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
21
3 9 .5
$
8 7 . CC
18
3 9 .5
9 2 .5 0
45
3 9 .5
8 4 .5 0
D
—
197
3 9 .0
1 0 2 .5 0
188
3 9 . C
1 0 1 . 5C
145
3 9 .5
----------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
32
3 8 .0
8 5 .0 0
86
3 9 .0
9 3 .5 0
A
-------------------------------------------------------
P U B L IC
ORDER
----------------
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
STENOGRAPHERS,
GENERAL
M AN U FA C TU R IN G
-----------------------------------
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
-----------------------
PU B L IC
STENOGRAPHERS,
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
KEYPUNCH
OPERATORS,
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
A
77
3 9 .5
9 4 . CC
----------------------
69
3 9 .5
9 3 .5 0
CLASS
B
165
3 8 .0
8 4 .0 0
----------------------
157
3 8 . C
8 4 . OC
CLASS
See footn otes at end of tables.
SEN IOR
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
P U B L IC
SW ITCH BO ARD
—
U T IL IT IE S
OPERATORS,
N ON M A N U F AC T U R IN G
—
CLASS
B
------------
3 9 .0
45
3 8 .5
9 4 .0 0
3 8 .5
9 5 .0 0
CLASS
B
-------------------------------------------------
161
3 8 .5
8 1 .0 0
----------------------------------------
161
3 8 .5
8 1 .0 0
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
PROFESSION AL
AND
TE C H N IC A L
OCCU PATION S
COMPUTER
OPERATORS,
B ----------------------------------------------------------
38
3 9 .0
1 2 8 .0 0
37
3 9 .0
1 2 8 .5 0
CLASS
9 6 .0 0
9 6 .5 0
9 6 . OC
COMPUTER
PROGRAM ERS,
B U SIN E SS,
CLASS
8
--------------------------------------------
20
3 9 .0
1 5 3 .5 0
DRAFTSMEN,
CLASS
A
-------------------------------------------
16
4 0 .0
2 0 9 .0 0
DRAFTSMEN,
CLASS
B
-------------------------------------------------
26
DRAFTSMEN,
CLASS
C
-------------------------------------------------
26
3 9 .5
1 0 5 .5 0
----------------------------------------------------
24
3 8 .5
1 0 2 .5 0
1 0 4 .5 0
1 0 6 . 5C
57
4 0 .0
49
4 0 .0
1 C 2 .5 C
16
3 9 .5
1 2 1 .5 0
28
4 C .0
8 C .0 C
25
4 0 .0
8 0 . OC
D R A FTS M E N -TR A C E R S
o
OPERATORS,
4 0 .0
117
3 8 .5
27
o
KEYPUNCH
—
U T IL IT IE S
73
-----------------------------------
■4"
PAYROLL
28
----------------
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
CLERKS,
----------------------------------------------
U T IL IT IE S
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
CLERKS,
OPERATORS,
CLASS
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
T Y P IS T S ,
C O N T IN U ED
63
T R A N SC R IB IN G -M A C H IN E
GENERAL
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
-------------------------------------------------------
M AN U FA C TU R IN G
T Y P IS T S ,
90
------------------------
-------------
U T IL IT IE S
30
-------------------------------
B
----------------------------
Weekly
hours 1
(standard)
O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T IO N IS T S -
N O N M AN U FACTU RIN G
B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E
-
Number
of
1 5 8 .5 0
11
T a b le A -4 .
M a in te n a n c e and p o w e rp la n t o c c u p a tio n s
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r se le cte d occupations studied on an area basis by industry d ivision , Jackson, M is s ., January 1971)
Hourly earnings3
Sex, occupation, and industry division
of
workers
Mean 2
M edian2
N um ber o f w o r k e r s re ceiv in g straight- tim e h ou rly earnings o f—
Middle range 2
S
2.5C
$
2.60
s
2.7C
$
2.90
$
3.00
$
3.1C
$
3.20
$
3.30
%
i
i
2.80
3.40
3.50
3 .60
S
3.70
$
3.80
3.90
4.00
s
4.10
$
4.20
t
4.30
S
4.40
4.60
$
4.80
2.60
2.70
2.80
2.90
3.00
3.10
3.20
3.30
3.40
3.50
3.6C
3 .70
3.80
3.90
4.00
4.10
4.20
4.30
4.40
4.60
4.80
5.00
7
7
2
2
2
2
-
5
5
1
1
-
5
5
-
6
6
1
1
3
3
2
2
4
4
2
2
2
-
10
10
-
-
-
2
3
3
15
2
21
-
~
1
1
-
~
-
4
2
2
~
~
21
21
1
-
-
13
13
-
8
4
i
21
21
1
1
2
2
Under
$
an d
2.50 under
i
%
%
HEN
E L E C T R I C I A N S , M A I N T E N A N C E -----------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------
40
38
$
3.73
3.68
$
3.77
3.75
$
3.263.24-
$
4.16
4.11
M A C H I N I S T S , M A I N T E N A N C E --------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------------
32
29
3.58
3.72
3.40
3.91
3.313.34-
3.96
3.99
3
MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
( M A I N T E N A N C E ) ----------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -------------------------
106
25
81
73
3.70
2.94
3.94
3.99
3.C8
2.85
3.69
3.89
2.932.783.023.C2-
4.93
2.98
4.95
4.95
-
M E C H A N I C S , M A I N T E N A N C E ----------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------
115
103
3.4C
3.34
3.27
3 .2 6
2.852.79-
3.92
3.87
4
4
S ee fo o t n o t e s at end o f t a b l e s .
~
-
“
*
-
3
3
-
-
1
1
~
4
4
6
6
-
-
6
3
3
1
12
13
13
4
4
11
1
~
-
7
-
*
10
10
1
-
-
-
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
-
1
1
“
6
6
-
3
3
18
14
7
7
~
1
1
-
~
1
1
-
2
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
_
~
~
-
9
9
-
36
36
36
4
-
12
T a b le A -5 .
C u s t o d ia l and m a te r ia l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s
(A v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d o n an a r e a b a s is b y in d u s t r y d i v is i o n , J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n u a ry 1971)
Hourly earnings3
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , and in d u s t r y d iv is io n
Number
of
workers
M £an 2
Median ^
Middle range ^
N u m b e r o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s oi
t
S
$
S
*
$
t
S
$
t
$
*
$
$
$
$
$
$
t
t
*
t
i
1 .4 0
1 .5 0
1 .6 0
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1
.9 0
2 .0 0
2 .1 0
2 .2 0
2 .3 0
2 .4 0
2 .6 0
2 .8 0
3 .0 0
3 .2 0
3 .4 0
3 .6 0
3 .8 0
4 .0 0
4 .2 0
4 .4 0
4 .6 0
4 .8 0
1 .6 0
1 .7 0
1 .8 0
1 .9 0
2 .0 0
2 .1 0
2 .2 0
2 .3 0
2 .4 0
2 .6 0
2 .8 0
3 .0 0
3 .2 0
3 .4 0
3 .6 0
3 .8 0
4 .0 0
4 .2 0
4 .4 0
4 .6 0
4 .8 0
5 .0 0
95
16
39
6
24
24
4
4
2
2
A
*
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
~
-
and
under
1 .5 0
MEN
G U AR DS AND WATC HM EN ----------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------WATC HM EN
M A NU FA CT UR IN G ---------------------
181
67
$
1.79
2.00
$
1.70
1.85
$
$
1.65- 1.81
1.72- 2.05
3
“
1
1
*
3
3
*
9
8
44
1.88
1.84
1.72- 1.94
-
-
10
6
16
4
2
3
-
-
-
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND C L EA NE RS --M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG ------------------
413
144
269
1.88
2.14
1.74
1.74
2.07
1.68
1.66- 2.03
1.92- 2.45
1.64- 1.76
6
-
-
-
172
5
167
66
17
49
23
7
16
35
30
5
25
20
5
12
12
6
5
1
5
1
4
33
32
1
12
11
1
8
4
4
10
LABORERS, MA TERIAL H A ND LI NG -------M A N U FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
377
306
71
2.19
2.19
2.22
2.02
2.02,
1.80
1.90- 2.62
1.92- 2.59
1.71- 2.69
29
15
15
89
89
32
32
32
32
32
25
7
5
10
-
A
A
-
*
9
7
2
12
8
“
13
5
8
39
34
20
9
8
1
5
A
i
6
-
ORDER
FILLERS ----------------------M A N U FA CT UR IN G ---------------------
81
25
1.96
2.03
1.93
1.99
1.74- 2.16
1.93- 2.18
20
3
6
PACKERS, S H I P P I N G ----- -------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------------------
139
139
2.55
2.55
2.73
2.73
2.14- 3.02
2.14- 3.02
R E CE IV IN G CL ER KS --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
39
25
2.44
2.44
2.28
2.23
2.16- 2.73
2.15- 2.39
2
2
SH IPPING AND RECE IV IN G CL ER KS -----
19
2.89
2.84
2.75- 2.89
TRUC KO RI VE RS
------------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
609
174
435
3.09
2.35
3.39
2.52
2.38
3.93
1.79- 4.83
2.13- 2.54
1.69- 4.85
14
TRUCKD RI VF RS , LIGHT (UNOER
1-1/2 TONS) ----------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
69
62
1.72
1.68
1.69
1.68
1.62- 1.79
1.61- 1.78
14
14
TR UC KO RI VE RS , ME DIUM (1-1/2 TO
AND INCLUDING 4 TONS) ----------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
236
35
201
3.88
2.25
4.17
4.82
2.41
4.83
2.45- 4.86
1.95- 2.47
3.96- 4.87
_
-
TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,
TRAILER TYPE) --------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------N O N M A N UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
189
91
98
3.32
2.41
4.18
3.01
2.52
4.82
2.20- 4.83
2.13- 2.58
3.73- 4.86
_
_
-
-
-
-
3
3
“
-
-
-
166
155
2.33
2.32
2.15
2.15
1.95- 2.69
1.96- 2.66
_
_
3
2
1
20
20
2.29
2.29
1.98
1.98
1.86- 2.83
1.86- 2.83
.
56
54
1.67
1.66
1.67
1.67
1.64- 1.73
1.63- 1.72
TRUCKERS, POWER (FORKLIFT)
MA NU FA CT UR IN G ---------TRUCKERS, POWER (OTHER THAN
FORKLIFT) ------------------MA NU FA CT UR IN G ------------
6
-
_
-
-
-
51
34
17
-
-
12
-
“
*
_
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
-
-
-
-
-
*
9
2
1
18
6
1
1
3
2
1
i
10
10
8
1
8
8
3
3
3
3
46
46
-
-
-
32
32
-
-
-
2
13
12
6
3
8
5
4
“
2
2
A
2
9
2
2
34
34
60
58
_
“
2
17
6
11
_
_
-
-
14
_
-
-
95
-
50
25
21
6
4
A
2
37
23
14
2
2
1
1
-
5
45
23
23
17
13
5
5
2
2
_
_
3
3
10
10
3
-
33
1
32
_
-
-
-
2
2
-
18
16
“
*
3
“
~
2
4
A
-
31
21
10
-
3
3
“
11
9
2
*
11
11
49
49
-
34
34
5
5
9
2
2
_
"
“
_
*
_
.
9
S ee fo o t n o t e s at en d o f t a b l e s .
*
-
95
"
40
40
8
7
3
3
_
_
3
2
2
2
_
-
10
45
45
i
-
-
-
2
-
-
1
1
3
3
16
10
“
16
15
1
3
3
16
10
_
_
-
-
-
_
1
1
-
*
-
-
*
-
-
1
-
-
-
2 09
1
“
~
-
-
209
5
6
3
3
1
2
2
10
1
_
_
1
2
2
10
1
“
“
_
_
36
36
6
_
1
14
_
_
-
15
15
1
-
-
*
6
“
-
1
1
14
-
-
-
8
8
18
14
13
12
19
19
2
_
2
-
_
2
4
4
_
3
3
2
2
_
-
2
“
_
WOMEN
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND C L EA NE RS --NONM AN UF AC TU RI NG -----------------
-
11
6
5
_
3
_
_
-
64
64
_
145
1 45
_
-
13
B.
E s ta b lis h m e n t practices and s u p p le m e n ta ry w a g e p ro visio n s
T a b le
B -1.
M in im u m
e n tra n c e
s a la rie s f o r w o m e n
o ffic e
w o rke rs
(D is trib u tio n o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s tu d ie d in a ll in d u s t r ie s and in in d u s tr y d iv is io n s by m in im u m e n tr a n c e s a la r y f o r s e le c t e d c a t e g o r ie s
o f i n e x p e r ie n c e d w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s , J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n u a ry 1971)
In e x p e r ie n c e d ty p ists
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
M a n u fa c t u r in g
M in im u m w e e k l y s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r y 4
O th e r in e x p e r ie n c e d c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s 5
A ll
sc h e d u le s
A ll
s c h e d u le s
40
90
33
XXX
— ---------
21
5
u n d e r $ 6 2 . 5 0 ------------------------------------ -------- -u n d e r $ 6 5 . 0 0 --------------------------- -----------------u n d e r $ 6 7 . 5 0 -----------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 0 . 0 0 - ----------- --------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 2 .5 0 -------------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 5 . 0 0 - - — __ _ -----------------------------------u n d e r $ 7 7 .5 0
------------------ --------------- -------------u n d e r $ 8 0 .0 0 ----------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 8 2 .5 0 -----------------------------------------u n d e r $ 8 5 .0 0 ----------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 8 7 .5 0 — -------------------------------------------------------u n d e r $ 9 0 . 0 0 - --------- -__ _ -----------------u n d e r $ 9 2 .5 0 — --------------------------------------------------- —
o v e r _________________________
___________ _ -------
_
_
5
3
3
3
1
1
2
1
-
1
1
1
1
-
1
1
1
1
-
1
1
'
1
1
4
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g n o s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ------------------------
4
1
XXX
3
XXX
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h ic h d id n o t e m p l o y w o r k e r s
in t h is c a t e g o r y --------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ---
65
27
XXX
38
XXX
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d i e d --------------------------------------- --------------------
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g a s p e c i f i e d m i n i m u m ------$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
6 0 .0 0
6 2 .5 0
6 5 .0 0
6 7 .5 0
7 0 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
7 5 .0 0
7 7 .5 0
8 0 .0 0
8 2 .5 0
$
$
$
$
85.00
87.5 0
90.0 0
92.5 0
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
S e e fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s .
M a n u fa c t u r in g
B a s e d o n sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 6 o f—
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
A ll
in d u s t r ie s
N o n m a n u f a c t u r in g
B a se d o n sta n d a rd w e e k ly h o u r s 6 o fA ll
s c h e d u le s
A ll
s c h e d u le s
40
XXX
XXX
28
5
21
1
10
5
5
1
1
1
1
-
3
1
1
-
10
1
4
1
1
1
-
40
57
XXX
XXX
90
33
XXX
57
5
16
5
10
34
6
6
_
_
_
3
1
1
-
_
-
4
2
1
1
1
-
1
11
5
6
2
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
-
1
1
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
40
3 7 V2
3 7 ‘/2
-
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
-
-
-
-
XXX
30
17
XXX
13
XXX
XXX
XXX
26
10
XXX
16
XXX
XXX
1
1
2
-
1
2
14
T a b le
B -2 .
S h ift d iffe r e n tia ls
( L a t e - s h i f t p a y p r o v i s io n s f o r m a n u fa c tu r in g pLant w o r k e r s b y ty p e and a m o u n t o f p a y d i ff e r e n t i a l,
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , J a n u a r y 1971)
( A l l pla n t w o r k e r s in m a n u fa c tu r in g = 100 p e r c e n t )
P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t w o r k e r s —
In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h avin g p r o v i s io n s 7
f o r la te s h ifts
L a t e - s h i ft pay p r o v i s io n
T o t a l --------------------------------------------------------------------
A c t u a lly w o rk in g on la te s h ifts
S e c o n d s h ift
T h ir d o r o t h e r
s h ift
S e c o n d s h ift
7 2 .4
70.0
13.9
T h ir d o r o th e r
s h ift
5.0
N o p a y d i ff e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k on la te s h i f t ----------
9.1
6.8
1.7
1.2
P a y d i ff e r e n t i a l f o r w o r k on la te s h i f t ----------------
6 3 .3
6 3 .3
12.2
3.8
59.5
59.5
10.9
3.3
3.4
1.1
.6
-
4.1
.7
-
T y p e and a m o u n t o f d i ff e r e n t i a l:
U n ifo r m c e n t s ( p e r h o u r ) __________________
5 c e n t s --------------------------------------------- -------6 c e n t s --------------------------------------------------------7 c e n t s --------------------------------------------------------8 c e n t s --------------------------------------------------------9 c e n t s ------------------------------------------------------10 c e n t s ___________________________ ___
12 c e n t s ------------------------------------------------------14 c e n t s ___________________________________
18 c e n t s ------------------------------------------------------U n ifo r m p e r c e n t a g e ------
10 p e r c e n t ----------------
S ee fo o tn o te
-------------------------------------
at en d o f t a b le s .
8.8
16.2
3.8
-
1.6
2.6
2.2
6.2
19.7
6 .7
-
20 .3
14.9
9.8
.2
.7
1.6
.3
.2
.5
.1
-
2.6
2.5
-
—
3.8
3.8
1.4
.6
- —-
3.8
3.8
1.4
.6
.8
.7
15
T a b le
B -3 .
S c h e d u le d
w e e k ly
h o u rs
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by scheduled weekly hours
of first-sh ift w orkers, Jackson, M i s s ., January 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
W eekly hours
A ll w orkers-
_ — -----------------------------------------
Under 3 7 V2 h o u r s ---------------------------------------------------37Vz h o u rs__________________________________________
Over 3 7 V2 and under 40 hours-----------------------------40 h o u rs--------------------------------------------------------------------Over 40 and under 45 hours------------------------ ------45 h o u rs_____________________________________________
46 h o u rs--------------------------------------------------------------------48 h o u r s _____________________________________________
Over 48 hours-----------------------------------------------------------
See footnote at end of tables.
A ll industries
Manufacturing
100
100
100
-
-
-
-
-
-
80
3
4
1
3
3
88
2
3
1
5
96
4
Public utilities
6
A ll industries
100
Manufacturing
Public utilities
100
100
C)
-
-
30
6
59
3
(’ )
3
3
88
4
60
-
40
-
-
-
2
~
16
T a b le
B -4 .
P a id
h o lid a y s
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by number of paid holidays
provided annually, Jackson, M i s s ., January 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Item
A ll w ork ers____________________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
paid h o lid a y s______________________________________
W orkers in establishm ents providing
no paid h o lid a y s__________________________________
A ll industries
Manufacturing
100
100
100
100
100
100
90
96
96
99
100
100
10
4
4
1
-
-
2
1
1
1
33
1
3
1
2
21
2
13
-
-
1
-
-
4
-
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
Num ber of days
1 holiday- __________________________________________
2 h o lid a y s___________________________________________
3 holidays
- ------------------------------------------------------4 h o lid a y s________________________________ ________
5 holidays ___ _____________________
5 holidays plus 1 half day--------------------------------------5 holidays plus 2 half d a y s _______________ ______
6 h o lid a y s___________________________________________
6 holidays plus 1 half day_________________________
6 holidays plus 2 half days
__
—
7 h o lid a y s--------- _
— -----------7 holidays plus 1 half day_________________________
8 holidays ___ ------ -_ _ _ _
--- ----------- __
9 h o lid a y s-----------------------------------------------------------------9 holidays plus 1 half day_________________________
10 holidays__________________________________________
-
13
1
2
1
26
8
(9 )
-
4
2
35
13
"
-
8
5
64
19
-
3
n
3
39
17
4
7
2
n
4
12
_
_
_
5
-
2
-
4
8
4
(9 )
4
2
41
15
-
83
1
-
(9 )
5
12
34
34
40
52
56
58
98
98
98
98
99
15
55
57
62
62
69
73
90
93
96
96
100
1
84
84
95
95
95
95
100
100
100
100
100
n
21
11
-
-
Total holiday tim e 10
10 days_______________________________________________
V2 days or m o r e __________________________________
9 days or m o r e ___________ _ _ __
-----------------8 days or m o r e ---------- ---------------------------------------__________ __________
7 V2 days or m o r e _________
7 days or m ore ------ - ---------------- — - -------------6 V2 days or m o r e __________________________________
6 days or m o r e ________________ _ _ _ -------------- -5 V2 days or m o r e __ ___________ _ _______________
5 days or m o r e _____________________________________
4 days or m o r e -------------__
-----------------------3 days or m o r e _____________________________________
2 days or m o r e _________ ___________________
- —
1 day or m o re ----------------------------------------------------------9
See footnotes at end of tables.
(?)
(9 )
9
35
36
39
39
51
53
86
87
88
88
90
13
48
50
54
54
67
69
90
92
93
93
96
-
19
83
83
88
88
88
88
96
96
96
96
96
17
T a b le
P a id v a c a tio n s
B -5 .
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay p ro vision s, Jackson, M i s s ., January 1971)
Plant w orkers
Office workers
Vacation policy
A l l in d u s t r ie s
A ll w orkers____________________________________
Manufacturing
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
100
100
100
100
100
100
98
81
16
1
100
65
35
-
100
100
"
-
100
100
100
100
-
100
100
2
-
-
"
“
5
21
-
9
6
-
2
57
-
3
47
11
20
(9 )
63
1
74
2
21
_
93
3
3
60
4
36
28
72
58
42
69
31
1
44
2
51
56
3
41
-
6
4
89
-
7
90
3
14
86
1
25
2
70
1
-
28
3
69
-
96
4
"
4
93
8
92
"
3
~
24
2
71
1
-
26
3
71
-
96
4
4
93
7
“
93
3
”
19
1
71
2
4
15
78
3
3
Method of payment
W ork ers in establishm ents providing
paid vacations_____________________________________
L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent----------------------------------Percentage payment------------------------------------------O th er--------------------------------------------------------------------W ork ers in establishm ents providing
no paid vacations_________________________________
-
-
Amount of vacation pay 11
A fter 6 months of service
Under 1 week------------------------------------------------------------1 week________________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s --------------------------------------
~
A fter 1 year of service
Under 1 week------------------------------------------------------------1 week________________________________________________
O ver 1 and under 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------2 w e e k s ______________________________________________
After 2 yea rs of service
Under 1 week------------------------------------------------------------1 week________________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------2 w e e k s ______________________________________________
3 w e e k s______________________________________________
-
99
"
After 3 yea rs of service
1 week________________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s -------------------------------------3 w e e k s----------------------------------------------------------------------
100
After 4 yea rs of service
1 week________________________________________________
Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------2 w e e k s______________________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 weeks __
_ _
----3 w e e k s______________________________________________
“
100
■
After 5 yea rs of service
1 week------------------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s-------------------------------------2 w e e k s______________________________________________
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ------------------------------------3 w e e k s----------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of tables.
-
3
3
79
17
96
1
-
96
4
"
100
"
18
T a b le
B -5 .
P a id
v a c a t i o n s ----- C o n t i n u e d
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay p rovision s, Jackson, M i s s ., January 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Vacation policy
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
Amount of vacation pay 11— Continued
A fter 10 years of service
1 week----- --------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s ______ ________ ________
2 w e e k s______________ _______________________________
__
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s _____ ____________
3 weeks _________ ______ ________ ________________
Over 3 and under 4 weeks _____ ____ __
_
__
4 w e e k s ________ — ___ __ ______________________
_
19
1
40
1
36
1
(9 )
15
44
38
3
-
19
1
36
2
38
1
(9 )
15
42
39
3
-
19
1
28
1
40
1
8
15
-
29
43
3
9
5
4
63
-
-
-
27
3
9
3
19
1
28
24
2
22
2
15
29
40
3
13
-
_
5
7
4
68
16
3
15
49
19
1
28
23
17
1
8
15
29
39
20
4
75
-
3
45
-
_
53
31
_
_
_
50
_
1
44
69
_
_
-
-
3
41
2
53
3
51
.
_
5
11
84
3
After 12 years of service
1 week------------------------------------------------------------------------__________ _ __
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
2 weeks ------------------------------------ -----------------Over 2 and under 3 weeks _ _ _ _ _ _
3 weeks --------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s _________________ _____
4 w e e k s---------- ------------------------------ __
_
5
9
86
-
-
46
-
-
-
1
-
-
_
3
3
_
-
-
-
15
(9 )
78
28
59
After 15 years of service
1 week _ __________ ___________
_ _ __
_ _____
Over 1 and under 2 weeks
— __ _ _ _ __
2 weeks __________ _ _____________ ________________
Over 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________
_____
-----— — ------ ------ — -- ----------------3 weeks ---------Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s ___ _______ __________
4 weeks --------------------- ------------- ------------ _ — ------
-
3
2
92
After 20 yea rs of service
1 week------ ----------------- _
----- -------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 weeks _ __ _ ___________
2 w e e k s----------------------------------- ------------ --------- —
3 w e e k s_______________________ ___
-----Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s________________________
4 w e e k s----------------------------------------------------------------5 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------------
-
3
_
-
-
28
43
-
3
12
-
31
1
25
“
84
-
_
3
3
-
5
5
-
-
After 25 yea rs of service
1 week________ ________________________ ____________
Over 1 and under 2 weeks __
__ __
_ _ ___
2 w e e k s---------------------------------------------------------------------3 w e e k s---------------------------- — ------------- -------------------O ver 3 and under 4 weeks ___ _ ________ ______ _
4 weeks __________ ______ ____________________________
Over 4 and under 5 w e e k s __
_ __
_
___
5 w e e k s -------------------------- ------_ ------- ---------------
See footnotes at end of tables.
-
-
11
3
3
38
52
15
29
(9 )
39
28
38
-
22
-
-
13
8
-
3
11
2
24
60
19
T a b le
B -5 .
P a id
v a c a t i o n s ----- C o n t i n u e d
(Percent distribution of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions by vacation pay p rovision s, Jackson, M i s s ., January 1971)
Plant workers
Office workers
Vacation policy
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
A ll industries
15
29
39
-
5
5
3
15
29
(9 )
39
Manufacturing
Public utilities
Amount of vacation pay 11— Continued
After 30 years of service
1 week------------------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s -------------------------------------2 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------3 w e e k s---------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 3 and under 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 4 and under 5 w e e k s -------------------------------------5 w e e k s ----------------------------------------------------------------------
19
1
28
23
-
-
-
15
1
10
7
3
6
38
19
1
28
23
15
29
39
-
-
14
1
12
7
3
-
52
3
28
38
21
-
-
13
9
3
15
29
(9 )
38
3
28
38
_
-
3
11
2
24
60
M axim um vacation available
1 week------------------------------------------------------------------------Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s------------------------------------2 w e e k s---------------------------------------------------------------------3 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 3 and under 4 w e e k s ------------------------------------4 w e e k s ---------------------------------------------------------------------Over 4 and under 5 w e e k s -------------------------------------5 we ek s -----------------------------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of tables.
6
-
5
5
38
-
52
14
21
~
9
3
11
2
24
60
20
T a b le
B -6 .
H e a lth , in s u ra n c e , and
p e n s io n
p la n s
(Percent of plant and office w orkers in all industries and in industry divisions employed in establishm ents providing
health, insurance, or pension b en efits, Jackson, M i s s ., January 1971)
Plant w orkers
financing 12
A ll industries
Manufacturing
O ffice workers
Public utilities
A ll industries
Manufacturing
Public utilities
A ll w orkers____________________________________
100
100
100
100
100
100
W orkers in establishm ents providing at
least 1 of the benefits shown b elow ____________
92
94
100
99
97
100
87
36
92
37
100
73
98
51
97
34
100
69
51
18
46
17
84
57
70
39
47
17
100
69
72
72
78
92
82
85
Sickness and accident insurance__________
Noncontributory p la n s ______________
Sick leave (full pay and no
waiting period)____________________________
Sick leave (partial pay or
waiting period)_____________________________
43
16
54
27
26
19
26
17
52
24
5
3
19
6
31
65
59
19
20
16
36
17
7
60
Hospitalization insurance______________________
Noncontributory plans ______ ________________
Surgical insurance___________________________
Noncontributory p la n s ------------------ -------M edical insurance
- _ .
— - Noncontributory p la n s _____________________
M ajor m edical in su ran ce______________________
Noncontributory p la n s------------- ----------------Dental in su ran ce_______ — --------------------------------Noncontributory p la n s------- -------------------------Retirem ent pension____________________________
Noncontributory p la n s ______________________
90
31
90
31
79
27
71
22
1
1
49
35
94
40
94
40
70
31
71
24
-
100
65
100
65
100
65
95
65
11
11
86
84
96
43
96
43
82
35
85
34
97
38
97
38
65
29
74
22
“
71
48
100
65
100
65
100
65
97
65
1
1
93
93
Life insurance ______ ____________ _____________
Noncontributory p la n s------------------Accidental death and dism em berm ent
insurance__ _ ________________________________ Noncontributory p la n s---------------------------------Sickness and accident insurance or
sick leave or b oth 13__________________________
See footnotes at end of tables.
54
40
(!)
(’ )
81
58
21
F o o tn o te s
A l l o f t h e s e s ta n d a rd f o o t n o t e s m a y n ot a p p ly to th is b u lle tin .
1 S t a n d a r d h o u r s r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e t h e i r r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at
r e g u l a r a n d / o r p r e m i u m r a t e s ) , a n d th e e a r n i n g s c o r r e s p o n d t o t h e s e w e e k l y h o u r s .
2 T h e m e a n i s c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h j o b b y t o t a l i n g th e e a r n i n g s o f a l l w o r k e r s a n d d i v i d i n g b y th e n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s . T h e m e d i a n d e s i g n a t e s
p o s i t i o n — h a l f o f th e e m p l o y e e s s u r v e y e d r e c e i v e m o r e th a n t h e r a t e s h o w n ; h a l f r e c e i v e l e s s th a n th e r a t e s h o w n . T h e m i d d l e r a n g e i s d e f i n e d b y
2 r a t e s o f p a y ; a f o u r t h o f th e w o r k e r s e a r n l e s s t h a n t h e l o w e r o f t h e s e r a t e s a nd a f o u r t h e a r n m o r e th a n t h e h i g h e r r a t e .
3 E x c l u d e s p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and late sh ifts.
4 T h e s e s a l a r i e s r e l a t e t o f o r m a l l y e s t a b l i s h e d m i n i m u m s t a r t i n g ( h i r i n g ) r e g u l a r s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s th at a r e p a i d f o r s t a n d a r d
w orkw eeks.
5 E x c l u d e s w o r k e r s in s u b c l e r i c a l j o b s s u c h a s m e s s e n g e r o r o f f i c e g i r l .
6 D a t a a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a l l s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s c o m b i n e d , a n d f o r th e m o s t c o m m o n s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k s r e p o r t e d .
7 I n c l u d e s a l l p l a n t w o r k e r s in e s t a b l i s h m e n t s c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g l a t e s h i f t s , a nd e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w h o s e f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r l a t e
s h i f t s , e v e n t h o u g h th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w e r e n o t c u r r e n t l y o p e r a t i n g l a t e s h i f t s .
8 L e s s th a n 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t .
9 L e s s than 0.5 p e r c e n t .
10 A l l c o m b i n a t i o n s o f f u l l a n d h a l f d a y s th a t a d d t o th e s a m e a m o u n t a r e c o m b i n e d ; f o r e x a m p l e , th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g a t o t a l
o f 9 d a y s i n c l u d e s t h o s e w i t h 9 f u l l d a y s a n d n o h a l f d a y s , 8 f u l l d a y s a n d 2 h a l f d a y s , 7 f u l l d a y s a n d 4 h a l f d a y s , a n d s o o n . P r o p o r t i o n s th e n
w e r e cu m u la ted.
11 I n c l u d e s p a y m e n t s o t h e r th a n " l e n g t h o f t i m e , " s u c h a s p e r c e n t a g e o f a n n u a l e a r n i n g s o r f l a t - s u m p a y m e n t s , c o n v e r t e d t o an e q u i v a l e n t
tim e b a s is ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m en t of 2 p e r c e n t o f annual ea rn in g s w as c o n s i d e r e d as 1 w e e k 's pay. P e r io d s o f s e r v ic e w e r e c h o se n a r b it r a r ily
a n d d o n o t n e c e s s a r i l y r e f l e c t t h e i n d i v i d u a l p r o v i s i o n s f o r p r o g r e s s i o n . F o r e x a m p l e , th e c h a n g e s in p r o p o r t i o n s i n d i c a t e d at 1 0 y e a r s ' s e r v i c e
i n c l u d e c h a n g e s in p r o v i s i o n s o c c u r r i n g b e t w e e n 5 a n d 10 y e a r s . E s t i m a t e s a r e c u m u l a t i v e . T h u s , th e p r o p o r t i o n e l i g i b l e f o r 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r
m o r e a f t e r 10 y e a r s i n c l u d e s t h o s e e l i g i b l e f o r 3 w e e k s ' p a y o r m o r e a f t e r f e w e r y e a r s o f s e r v i c e .
12 E s t i m a t e s l i s t e d a f t e r t y p e o f b e n e f i t a r e f o r a l l p l a n s f o r w h i c h at l e a s t a p a r t o f t h e c o s t i s b o r n e b y th e e m p l o y e r . " N o n c o n t r i b u t o r y
p la n s " in c lu d e o n ly t h o s e p la n s f in a n c e d e n t i r e l y b y the e m p l o y e r . E x c l u d e d a r e l e g a l l y r e q u i r e d p la n s , s u ch as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t i o n , s o c i a l
s e c u r i t y , and r a i l r o a d r e t i r e m e n t .
13 U n d u p l i c a t e d t o t a l o f w o r k e r s r e c e i v i n g s i c k l e a v e o r s i c k n e s s a n d a c c i d e n t i n s u r a n c e s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y b e l o w . S i c k l e a v e p l a n s a r e
l i m i t e d t o t h o s e w h i c h d e f i n i t e l y e s t a b l i s h a t l e a s t t h e m i n i m u m n u m b e r o f d a y s ' p a y th a t c a n b e e x p e c t e d b y e a c h e m p l o y e e . I n f o r m a l s i c k l e a v e
a l l o w a n c e s d e t e r m i n e d o n an i n d i v i d u a l b a s i s a r e e x c l u d e d .
A p p e n d ix .
O c c u p a tio n a l
D e s c rip tio n s
The prim ary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the B ureau's wage surveys is to a ssist its field staff in classifying into appropriate
occupations w orkers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and
from area to area.
This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on
interestablishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions m ay differ significantly from those in use in
individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes.
In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field economists are instructed
to exclude working supervisors; apprentices; learn ers; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, p a rt-tim e, tem porary, and probationary workers.
O F F IC E
CLERK, ACCOUNTING— Continued
B ILLE R , MACHINE
Prepares statements, b ills , and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter.
May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other
clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b ille rs, machine, are
classified by type of machine, as follows:
Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.
Class A . Under general supervision, perform s accounting clerical operations which
require the application of experience and judgment, for example, clerically processing com
plicated or nonrepetitive accounting transactions, selecting among a substantial variety of
prescribed accounting codes and classifications, or tracing transactions through previous
accounting actions to determine source of discrepancies. May be assisted by one or m ore
class B accounting clerks.
B iller, machine (billing m achine). U ses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott
F ish er, Burroughs, e tc., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills
and invoices from custom ers' purchase ord ers, internally prepared ord ers, shipping m em o
randums, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges,
and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine,
and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold
machine.
B iller, machine (bookkeeping m achine). U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott
F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc., which m ay or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare
cu stom ers' bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the sim ulta
neous entry of figures on cu stom ers' ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates
figures on a number of vertical columns and computes, and usually prints automatically the
debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform
and standard types of sales and credit slips.
C lass B . Under close supervision, following detailed instructions and standardized pro
cedures, perform s one or m ore routine accounting clerical operations, such as posting to
ledgers, cards, or worksheets where identification of items and locations of postings are
clearly indicated; checking accuracy and completeness of standardized and repetitive records
or accounting documents; and coding documents using a few prescribed accounting codes.
CLERK, FILE
C lass A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter
files, classifies and indexes file m aterial such as correspondence, reports, technical docu
m ents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction
with the files.
May lead a sm all group of lower level file clerks.
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR
C lass B . Sorts, codes, and files unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) head
ings or partly classified m aterial by finer subheadings. Prepares simple related index and
c ro ss-refere n ce aids. A s requested, locates clearly identified m aterial in files and forwards
m aterial.
May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service files.
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington F.and, Elliott F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs,
National Cash R egister, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business
transactions.
C lass C . P erform s routine filing of m aterial that has already been classified or which
is easily classified in a simple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological,
or numerical). A s requested, locates readily available m aterial in files and forwards m a
terial; and may fill out withdrawal charge. P erform s simple clerical and manual tasks re
quired to maintain and service files.
Class A . Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic
bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system
used. Determines proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each
phase of the work.
May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records
by hand.
C lass B . Keeps a record of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of records usually
requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable,
payroll, custom ers' accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller,
machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or a ssist
in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
CLERK, ACCOUNTING
P erform s one or m ore accounting clerical tasks such as posting to registers and ledgers;
reconciling bank accounts; verifying the internal consistency, com pleteness, and mathematical
accuracy of accounting documents; assigning prescribed accounting distribution codes; examining
and verifying for clerical accuracy various types of reports, lis ts , calculations, posting, etc.;
or preparing simple or assisting in preparing m ore complicated journal vouchers.
May work
in either a manual or automated accounting system .
The work requires a knowledge of clerical methods and office practices and procedures
which relates to the clerical processing and recording of transactions and accounting information.
With experience, the worker typically becom es fam iliar with the bookkeeping and accounting term s
and procedures used in the assigned work, but is not required to have a knowledge of the form al
principles of bookkeeping and accounting.
NOTE:
Since the last survey in this area,
CLERK, ORDER
Receives custom ers' orders for m aterial or merchandise by m ail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to custom ers; making out an order
sheet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. May check with credit
department to determine credit rating of custom er, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers,
follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original orders.
CLERK, PA YR O LL
Computes wages of company employees and enters the necessary data on the payroll
sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production records; and
posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as w orker's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and
a ssist paymaster in making up and distributing pay envelopes.
May use a calculating machine.
the Bureau has discontinued collecting data for oilers and plumbers.
22
23
COM PTOM ETER OPERATOR
SECRETARY— Continued
P rim ary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform m athematical computations. This
job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve fr e
quent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of
other duties.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
Operates a keypunch machine to record
tabulating cards or on tape.
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
fewer than 100 persons; or
and/or numeric data on
Class A . Work requires the application of experience and judgment in selecting proce
dures to be followed and in searching for, interpreting, selecting, or coding item s to be
keypunched from a variety of source documents. On occasion may also perform some routine
keypunch work.
May train inexperienced keypunch operators.
C lass B . Work is routine and repetitive. Under close supervision or following specific
procedures or instructions, works from various standardized source documents which have
been coded, and follows specified procedures which have been prescribed in detail and require
little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting of data to be recorded. Refers to supervisor
problems arising from erroneous item s or codes or m issing information.
MESSENGER (Office Boy or Girl)
P erform s various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office m a
chines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work.
Exclude positions that require operation of a motor vehicle as a significant duty.
SECRETARY
Assigned as personal secretary, norm ally to one individual. Maintains a close and highly
responsive relationship to the d ay-to-day work activities of the supervisor. Works fairly inde
pendently receiving a minimum of detailed supervision and guidance. P erform s varied clerical
and secretarial duties, usually including m ost of the following; (a) R eceives telephone calls,
personal ca lle rs, and incoming m ail, answers routine inquiries, and routes the technical inquiries
to the proper persons; (b) establishes, maintains, and revises the sup ervisor's file s ; (c) maintains
the sup ervisor's calendar and makes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essages from super
visor to subordinates; (e) reviews correspondence, m em orandums, and reports prepared by others
for the sup ervisor's signature to assure procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) perform s
stenographic and typing work.
May also perform other clerical and secretarial tasks of comparable nature and difficulty.
The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization,
program s, and procedures related to the work of the supervisor.
Exclusions
Not all positions that are titled "s e c r e ta r y " possess the above ch aracteristics. Examples
of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follow s; (a) P ositic;:s which do not meet
the "p erson al" secretary concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial
type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistants to a group of professional, technical,
or m anagerial persons; (d) secretary positions in which the duties are either substantially more
routine or substantially m ore complex and responsible than those characterized in the definition;
and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore responsible technical, admin
istrative, supervisory, or specialized clerical duties which are not typical of secretarial work.
N O T E; The term "corporate o ffic e r ," used in the level definitions following, refers to
those officials who have a significant corporate-wide policymaking role with regard to m ajor
company activities. The title "v ic e p re sid en t," though norm ally indicative of this role, does not
in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose prim ary responsibility is to act p e r
sonally on individual cases or transactions (e .g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions;
administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be
"corporate o fficers" for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
C lass A
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that employs, in
over 100 but fewer than 5 ,0 0 0 p ersons; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that employs, in all, over 5, 000 but fewer than 25, 000 person s; or
c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the corporate officer level) of a m ajor
segment or subsidiary of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 person s.
all,
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in all, over 100 but fewer than 5, 000 person s; or
or verify alphabetic
Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.
all,
Class B
c. Secretary to the head (immediately below the officer level) over either- a m ajor
corporate-wide functional activity (e .g ., marketing, research, operations, industrial relations, etc.) o"r~a m ajor geographic or organizational segment (e .g ., a regional headquarters;
a m ajor division) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5 ,0 0 0 but fewer than 2 5,000
em ployees; or
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, over 5, 000 persons; or
e. Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e .g ., a middle
management supervisor of an organizational segment often involving as many as several
hundred persons) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 25, 000 person s.
C lass C
a. Secretary to an executive or managerial person whose responsibility is not equivalent
to one of the specific level situations in the definition for class B, but whose subordinate staff
norm ally numbers at least several dozen employees and is usually divided into organizational
segments which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In some companies, this level includes
a wide range of organizational echelons; in others, only one or two; or^
b. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, fewer than 5, 000 p ersons.
C lass D
a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit (e .g ., fewer than
about 25 or 30 persons); _or
b. Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specialist, professional employee, administra
tive officer, or assistant, skilled technician or expert. (NOTE;
Many companies assign
stenographers, rather than secretaries as described above, to this level of supervisory or
nonsupervisory worker.)
STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from one or m ore
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May
also type from written copy. May maintain file s , keep simple records, or perform other relatively
routine clerical tasks.
May operate from a stenographic pool.
Does not include transcribing machine work. (See transcribing-m achine operators.)
STENOGRAPHER, SENIOR
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or m ore persons either in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy. May also set up and maintain file s, keep records, etc.
OR
P erform s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsi
bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following; Work requires high degree of
stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office
procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, policies, procedures, files,
workflow, etc. U ses this knowledge in performing stenographic duties and responsible clerical
tasks such as, maintaining followup files; assem bling m aterial for reports, m emorandums, letters,
etc.; composing simple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and
answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-m achine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR
C lass A . Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office calls. P erform s full telephone information service or handles
complex calls, such as conference, collect, overseas, or sim ilar calls, either in addition to
doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, class B, or as a full-tim e
24
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR— Continued
TABU LATIN G -M ACH INE OPERATOR (Electric Accounting Machine Operator)---- Continued
assignment. ("F u ll" telephone information service occurs when the establishment has varied
functions that are not readily understandable for telephone information purposes, e .g ., because
of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to
which extensions are appropriate for calls.)
C lass B . P erform s work according to established procedures and under specific in
structions. Assignm ents typically involve complete but routine and recurring reports or parts
of larger and m ore complex reports. Operates m ore difficult tabulating or electrical ac
counting machines such as the tabulator and calculator, in addition to the sim pler machines
used by class C operators. May be required to do some wiring from diagram s. May train
new employees in basic machine operations.
C lass B . Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office calls. M ay handle routine long distance calls and record tolls.
May perform lim ited telephone information service. ("L im ite d " telephone information service
occurs if the functions of the establishm ent serviced are readily understandable for telephone
information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension numbers when
specific names are furnished, or if com plex calls are referred to another operator.)
C lass C . Under specific instructions, operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting
machines such as the sorter, interpreter, reproducing punch, collator, etc. Assignments
typically involve portions of a work unit, for example, individual sorting or collating runs,
or repetitive operations. May perform simple wiring from diagram s, and do some filing work.
SWITCHBOARD O PERATO R-R EC EPTIO NIST
TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATO R, GENERAL
In addition to perform ing duties of operator on a single-position or m onitor-type switch
board, acts as receptionist and m ay also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular
duties.
This typing or clerical work m ay take the m ajor part of this w orker's time while at
switchboard.
P rim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from
transcribing-m achine records.
May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work.
W orkers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as
legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation
in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TA BU LATIN G -M ACH INE O PERATOR (E lectric Accounting Machine Operator)
TYPIST
Operates one or a variety of machines such as the tabulator, calculator, collator, inter
p reter, sorter, reproducing punch, etc. Excluded from this definition are working supervisors.
A lso excluded are operators of electronic digital com puters, even though they m ay also operate
EAM equipment.
U ses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calcula
tions have been made by another person. May include typing of stencils, m ats, or sim ilar m ate
rials for use in duplicating p ro cesses. May do clerical work involving little special training, such
as keeping simple records, filing records and reports, or sorting and distributing incoming m ail.
Positions are classified into levels on the basis of the following definitions.
C lass A . P erform s one or m ore of the following: Typing m aterial in final form when
it involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling,
syllabication, punctuation, etc., of technical or unusual words or foreign language m ate
rial; and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity
and balance in spacing. May type routine form letters varying details to suit circumstances.
C lass A . P erform s complete reporting and tabulating assignm ents including devising
difficult control panel wiring under general supervision. Assignm ents typically involve a
variety of long and complex reports which often are irregular or nonrecurring, requiring
som e planning of the nature and sequencing of operations, and the use of a variety of machines.
Is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations or training lower level
operators in wiring from diagram s and in the operating sequences of long and com plex reports.
Does not include positions in which wiring responsibility is lim ited to selection and insertion
of prewired boards.
P R O F E S S IO N A L
Monitors and operates the control console of a digital computer to p rocess data according
to operating instructions, usually prepared by a program er. Work includes m ost of the following:
Studies instructions to determine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required
item s (tape reels, cards, etc.); switches necessary auxiliary equipment into circuit, and starts
and operates computer; makes adjustments to computer to correct operating problem s and meet
special conditions; reviews erro rs made during operation and determines cause or refers problem
to supervisor or program er; and maintains operating records. May test and assist' in correcting
program .
computer operators are classified as follow s:
C lass A . Operates independently, or under only general direction, a computer running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: New program s are frequently tested and
introduced; scheduling requirements are of critical importance to m inim ize downtime; the
program s are of complex design so that identification of erro r source often requires a working
knowledge of the total program , and alternate program s m ay not be available.
May give
direction and guidance to lower level operators.
C lass B . Operates independently, or under only general direction, a computer running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: M ost of the program s are established
production runs, typically run on a regularly recurring b a sis; there is little or no testing
of new program s required; alternate program s are provided in case original program needs
m ajor change or cannot be corrected within a reasonable tim e. In common error situations,
diagnoses cause and takes corrective action. This usually involves applying previously p ro
gramed corrective steps, or using standard correction techniques.
OR
Operates under direct supervision a computer running program s or segments of program s
with the characteristics described for class A . May assist a higher level operator by inde
pendently performing less difficult tasks assigned, and performing difficult tasks following
detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations perform ed.
AND
T E C H N IC A L
COMPUTER OPERATOR— Continued
COMPUTER OPERATOR
For wage study purposes,
C lass B . P erform s one or m ore of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear
drafts; routine typing of form s, insurance policies, etc.; and setting up simple standard
tabulations, or copying m ore complex tables already setup and spaced properly.
C lass C . Works on routine program s under close supervision.
Is expected to develop
working knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect problems involved in
running routine program s. Usually has received some form al training in computer operation.
May a s s is t higher level operator on com plex program s.
COMPUTER PROGRAM ER, BUSINESS
Converts statements of business problem s, typically prepared by a system s analyst, into
a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the problem s by automatic data
processing equipment.
Working from charts or diagram s, the program er develops the precise
instructions which, when entered into the computer system in coded language, cause the manipu
lation of data to achieve desired results. Work involves m ost of the following: Applies knowledge
of computer capabilities, mathem atics, logic employed by computers, and particular subject matter
involved to analyze charts and diagrams of the problem to be programed.
Develops sequence
of program steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show order in which data w ill be processed;
converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to follow; tests and corrects program s;
prepares instructions for operating personnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters
program s to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirements; maintains records of
program development and revisions. (NOTE: W orkers performing both system s analysis and pro
graming should be classified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determine their pay.)
Does not include employees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or program ers prim arily concerned with
scientific and/or engineering problem s.
For wage study purposes, program ers are classified as follows:
C lass A . W orks independently or under only general direction on complex problems which
require competence in all phases of programing concepts and practices. Working from dia
gram s and charts which identify the nature of desired resu lts, m ajor processing steps to be
accomplished, and the relationships between various steps of the problem solving routine;
plans the full range of programing actions needed to efficiently utilize the computer system
in achieving desired end products.
25
COM PUTER PR OGRAM ER, BUSINESS— Continued
At this level, programing is difficult because computer equipment m ust be organized to
produce several interrelated but diverse products from numerous and diverse data elem ents.
A wide variety and extensive number of internal processing actions must occur. This requires
such actions as development of common operations which can be reused, establishment of
linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when program requirements exceed
computer storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elements
to form a highly integrated program .
May provide functional direction to lower level program ers who are assigned to assist.
C lass B . Works independently or under only general direction on relatively simple
program s, or on simple segments of com plex program s. Program s (or segments) usually
p rocess information to produce data in two or three varied sequences or form ats. Reports
and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arraying, or making minor additions to or
deletions from input data which are readily available. While numerous records may be
processed , the data have been refined in prior actions so that the accuracy and sequencing
of data can be tested by using a few routine checks.
Typically, the program deals with
routine record-keeping type operations.
OR
Works on com plex program s (as described for class A) under close direction of a higher
level program er or supervisor.
May a ssist higher level program er by independently p e r
forming less difficult tasks assigned, and performing m ore difficult tasks under fairly close
direction.
May guide or instruct lower level program ers.
C lass C . Makes practical applications of programing practices and concepts usually
learned in form al training cou rses. Assignm ents are designed to develop competence in the
application of standard procedures to routine problem s. Receives close supervision on new
aspects of assignm ents; and work is reviewed to ,v e rify its accuracy and conformance with
required procedures.
COM PUTER SYSTEMS AN A L Y S T , BUSINESS
Analyzes business problem s to formulate procedures for solving them by use of electronic
data processing equipment. Develops a complete description of all specifications needed to enable
program ers to prepare required digital computer program s. Work involves m ost of the following:
Analyzes subject-m atter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and criteria required
to achieve satisfactory resu lts; specifies number and types of records, file s , and documents to
be used; outlines actions to be perform ed by personnel and computers in sufficient detail for
presentation to management and for programing (typically this involves preparation of work and
data flow charts); coordinates the development of test problem s and participates in trial runs of
new and revised sy stem s; and recommends equipment changes t o . obtain m ore effective overall
operations. (NOTE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and programing should be c la s
sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determine their pay.)
COMPUTER SYSTEMS A N A LYS T, BUSINESS— Continued
maintaining accounts receivable in a retail establishment, or maintaining inventory accounts
in a manufacturing or wholesale establishment.) Confers with persons concerned to determine
the data processing problems and advises subject-m atter personnel on the implications of the
data processing system s to be applied.
OR
Works on a segment of a complex data processing scheme or system , as described for
class A. W orks independently on routine assignments and receives instruction and guidance
on com plex assignm ents. Work is reviewed for accuracy of judgment, compliance with in
structions, and to insure proper alinement with the overall system .
C lass C . Works under immediate supervision, carrying out analyses as assigned, usually
of a single activity.
Assignm ents are designed to develop and expand practical experience
in the application of procedures and skills required for system s analysis work. For example,
m ay a ssist a higher level system s analyst by preparing the detailed specifications required
by program ers from information developed by the higher level analyst.
DRAFTSMAN
C lass A . Plans the graphic presentation of complex item s having distinctive design
features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. W orks in close sup
port with the design originator, and may recommend minor design changes. Analyzes the
effect of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of com
ponents and parts.
Works with a minimum of supervisory assistance.
Completed work is
reviewed by design originator for consistency with prior engineering determinations.
May
either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsmen.
C lass B . P erform s nonroutine and complex drafting assignments that require the appli
cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used.
Duties typically in
volve such work as: P repares working drawings of subassem blies with irregular shapes,
multiple functions, and p recise positional relationships between components; prepares archi
tectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall
sections, floor plans, and roof. U ses accepted form ulas and manuals in making necessary
computations to determine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths,
s tr e s s e s , etc.
R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice from supervisor.
Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.
C lass C . P repares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction,
manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projections
(depicting three dimensions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of
components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources
and adjusts or transposes scale as required. Suggested methods of approach, applicable
precedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions
are le ss complete when assignments recur.
Work m ay be spot-checked during progress.
D RA FTSM AN -TR AC ER
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over
drawings and tracing with pen or pencil.
(Does not include tracing lim ited to plans prim arily
consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.)
A N D /O R
Does not include employees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or system s analysts prim arily concerned with
scientific or engineering problem s.
For wage study purposes,
system s analysts are classified as follows:
C lass A . W orks independently or under only general direction on complex problems
involving all phases of system s analysis. Problem s are com plex because of diverse sources
of input data and m ultiple-use requirements of output data. (For example, develops an inte
grated production scheduling, inventory control, cost analysis, and sales analysis record in
which every item of each type is automatically processed through the full system of records
and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the computer.) Confers with persons con
cerned to determine the data processing problem s and advises subject-m atter personnel on
the implications of new or revised system s of data processing operations. Makes recom
mendations, if needed, for approval of m ajor system s installations or changes and for
obtaining equipment.
May provide functional direction to lower level system s analysts who are assigned to
assist.
Class B . Works independently or under only general direction on problem s that are
relatively uncomplicated to analyze, plan, program , and operate. Problem s are of limited
complexity because sources of input data are homogeneous and the output data are closely
related.
(For example, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank,
Prepares simple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s.
during progress.
W ork is closely supervised
ELECTRONIC TECHNICIAN
Works on various types of electronic equipment or system s by perform ing one or more
of the following operations: Modifying, installing, repairing, and overhauling. These operations
require the perform ance of m ost or all of the following tasks: A ssem bling, testing, adjusting,
calibrating, tuning, and alining.
Work is nonrepetitive and requires a knowledge of the theory and practice of electronics
pertaining to the use of general and specialized electronic test equipment; trouble analysis; and
the operation, relationship, and alinement of electronic system s, subsystem s, and circuits having
a variety of component parts.
Electronic equipment or system s worked on typically include one or m ore of the following:
Ground, vehicle, or airborne radio communications system s, relay system s, navigation aids;
airborne or ground radar system s; radio and television transmitting or recording system s; e lec
tronic com puters; m issile and spacecraft guidance and control system s; industrial and medical
m easuring, indicating, and controlling devices; etc.
(Exclude production assem b lers and testers, craftsm en, draftsmen, designers, engineers,
and repairm en of such standard electronic equipment as office m achines, radio and television
receiving sets.)
26
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (Registered)
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (Registered)— Continued
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edical direction to ill or
injured employees or other persons who becom e ill or suffer an accident on the prem ises of a
factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid
to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in
physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and carry
ing out program s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment,
or other activities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of all personnel.
M A IN T E N A N C E
AND
POW ERPLANT
C AR PENTER , MAINTENANCE
MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE
P erform s the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building
woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs,
casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves m ost of the following: Planning
and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, m odels, or verbal instructions using a variety
of carpenter's ha.ndtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instrum ents; making
standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary
for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical
equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written
instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's
handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools;
shaping of m etal parts to close toleran ces; making standard shop computations relating to dimen
sions of work, tooling, feeds, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of
the common m etals; selecting standard m aterials, parts, and equipment required for his work;
and fitting and assem bling parts into mechanical equipment.
In general, the m achinist's work
norm ally requires a rounded training in machine-shop practice usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
ELECTR ICIAN, MAINTENANCE
P erform s a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance,
or repair of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an
establishment.
Work involves m ost of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety
of electrical equipment such as generators, tran sform ers, switchboards, controllers, circuit
breakers, m otors, heating units, conduit system s, or other transm ission equipment; working
from blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in
the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements
of wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician's handtools and measuring
and testing instruments.
In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and m ay also supervise the operation of stationary engines and
equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishment in which employed with power,
heat, refrigeration, or air-conditioning.
W ork involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air com p ressors, generators, m otors, turbines, ventilating and refrig
erating equipment, steam boilers and b o iler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; and
keeping a record of operation of machinery, tem perature, and fuel consumption. May also su
pervise these operations.
Head or chief engineers in establishments employing m ore than one
engineer are excluded.
FIREM AN, STATIONARY BOILER
F ires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power,
or steam . Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, or gas or oil burner;
and checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment.
H ELPER, M AINTENANCE TRADES
A ssists one or m ore w orkers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific
or general duties of le s s e r skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with m aterials and tools;
cleaning working area, machine, and equipment; assisting journeyman by holding m aterials or
tools; and performing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeyman.
The kind of work the
helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is con
fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working areas; and in
others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also perform ed by workers on a fu ll-tim e basis.
M ACH IN E-TOO L OPERATO R, TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or m ore types of machine tools, such as jig borers,
cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling m achines, in the construction of
machine-shop tools, gages, jig s , fixtures, or dies. Work involves m ost of the following: Planning
and performing difficult machining operations; processing item s requiring complicated setups or
a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds,
speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making necessary adjustments during operation
to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions.
May be required to recognize when tools need
dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils.
For
cross-in d u stry wage study purposes, m achine-tool operators, toolroom , in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
MECHANIC, AUTOM OTIVE (Maintenance)
Repairs automobiles, buses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work in
volves m ost of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; d is
assem bling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches,
gages, d rills, or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing broken or
defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing the various
assem blies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; and alining wheels, adjusting brakes
and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE
Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establishment. -Work involves most
of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use
of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained
from stock; ordering the production of a replacement pa.rt by a machine shop or sending of the
machine to a machine shop for m ajor repairs; preparing written specifications for m ajor repairs
or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making
all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose prim ary duties
involve setting up or adjusting machines.
MILLWRIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dismantles and installs machines or heavy
equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves m ost of the following:
Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety
of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to s tre sse s, strength of
m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools,
equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power transm ission
equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m illw right's work norm ally requires
a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a form al apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience.
PAINTER, MAINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves
the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applica
tions; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail
holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix colors, oils, white
lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the
maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
PIP E F IT TE R , MAINTENANCE
Installs or repairs water, steam , gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an
establishment. W ork involves m ost of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate
position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to
correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading
pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven m achines; assembling
27
PIP EF IT TE R , M AINTENANCE— Continued
TOOL AND DIE MAKER
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to
p re ssu res, flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether fin
ished pipes m eet specifications.
In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. W orkers prim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation
or heating system s are excluded.
S H E E T -M E T A L WORKER, M AINTENANCE
F abricates, in stalls, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fixtures
(such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lock ers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal
roofing) of an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning and laying out all
types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other specifications; setting
up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working m achines; using a variety of handtools
in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheet-m etal articles
as required.
In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-m etal worker requires rounded
training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training
and experience.
C U S T O D IA L
AND
Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gages, jig s, fixtures or dies for forgings,
punching, and other m etal-form ing work. Work involves m ost of the following: Planning and
laying out of work from m odels, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
using a variety of tool and die m aker's handtools and precision measuring instruments; under
standing of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; setting up and operating of
machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of m etal parts during fabrication
as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances;
fitting and assem bling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate
m aterials, tools, and p ro cesses. In general, the tool and die m aker's work requires a rounded
training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
For cross-in d u stry wage study purposes,
shops are excluded from this classification.
M A T E R IA L
GUARD AND WATCHMAN
Guard. P erform s routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining
order, using arm s or force where necessary.
Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate
and check on identity of employees and other persons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of prem ises periodically in protecting property against fire,
theft, and illegal entry.
JANITOR,
(Die m aker; jig m aker; tool maker; fixture m aker; gage maker)
PORTER, OR CLEANER
tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing
MOVEMENT
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming ship
ments of merchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping
procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing re c
ords of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and
keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for ship
ment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of
shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing merchandise or m aterials to proper departments; and maintaining neces
sary records and files.
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows:
Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washroom s, or
prem ises of an office, apartment house, or com m ercial or other establishment. Duties involve
a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floors; removing
chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures
or trim m ings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; and cleaning lavatories, show
e rs, and restroom s. W orkers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
LABORER, M ATERIAL HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; w are
houseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment
whose duties involve one or m ore of the following: Loading and unloading various m aterials and
merchandise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving,
or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; and transporting m aterials or
merchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m aterials, merchandise,
equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight
depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishments and
customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers,
make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. D riv er-salesm en and
over-the-road drivers are excluded.
For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment,
as follows:
(T ractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.)
ORDER FILLER
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accord
ance with specifications on sales slip s, customers* ord ers, or other instructions. May, in addition
to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties.
Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1V2 tons)
Truckdriver, medium (IV2 to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TRUCKER,
POWER
PACKER, SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con
tainers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of
units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowl
edge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size
of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying
data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to
transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other
establishment.
For wage study purposes, workers a,re classified by type of truck, as follows:
Trucker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
A vailab le O n
R e q u e s t -----
T h e f o l l o w i n g a r e a s a r e s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m i n i s t e r i n g the S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965.
a v a i l a b l e at n o c o s t w h i l e s u p p l i e s la s t f r o m any o f the B L S r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s show n on the in s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .
A bilen e, T ex.
A laska
A l b a n y , Ga.
A le x a n d r ia , La.
A l p e n a , S ta n d ish , and T a w a s C it y , M i c h .
A m a r illo , Tex.
Ann A r b o r , M ich .
A s h e v i l l e , N .C .
A t l a n t i c C i t y , N.J.
A u g u s t a , G a .—S .C .
A u s t in , T e x .
B a k e r s f i e l d , C a lif .
B aton R o u g e , La.
B i l l i n g s , M o n t.
B i l o x i , G u l f p o r t , and P a s c a g o u l a , M i s s .
B r i d g e p o r t , N o r w a l k , and S t a m f o r d , Conn.
C h a r l e s t o n , S .C .
Cheyenne, Wyo.
C l a r k s v i l l e , T e n n . , and H o p k i n s v i l l e , K y.
C o lo r a d o Springs, C olo.
C o l u m b i a , S .C .
C o l u m b u s , G a.—A la .
C r a n e , Ind.
D e c a t u r , 111.
D o th a n , A la .
Duluth—S u p e r i o r , M in n .—W i s .
D u r h a m , N .C .
E l P a so, Tex.
Eugene, O reg.
F a r g o —M o o r h e a d , N. Dak.—Min n.
F a y e t te v ille , N.C.
F i t c h b u r g —L e o m i n s t e r , M a s s .
F o r t S m ith , A r k . —O k la .
F r e d e r i c k - H a g e r s t o w n , M d . - P a . - W . Va.
G r e a t F a l l s , M o n t.
G r e e n s b o r o —W i n s t o n S a l e m —H ig h P o i n t , N .C .
H arrisbu rg, Pa.
H a r t f o r d , Conn.
H u n t s v i l l e , A la .
C o p i e s o f p u b lic r e l e a s e s
K n o x v i l l e , Term.
Laredo, Tex.
L a s V e g a s , N e v.
L e x i n g t o n , K y.
L o w e r E a ste rn Shore, M d .-V a .
L y n c h b u r g , Va.
M a c o n , G a.
M a d i s o n , W is .
M a r q u e t t e , E s c a n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r i e , M ic h
M eridian, M iss.
M i d d l e s e x , M o n m o u t h , O c e a n and S o m e r s e t
C o s . , N .J .
M o b i l e , A l a . , and P e n s a c o l a , F la .
M o n t g o m e r y , A la .
N a s h v i l l e , Term.
N e w L o n d o n —G r o t o n —N o r w i c h , Conn.
N o r t h e a s t e r n M a in e
O g d e n , Utah
O r l a n d o , F la .
O x n a r d —V e n t u r a , C a lif .
P a n a m a C it y , F la .
P i n e B lu ff , A r k .
P o r t s m o u t h , N.H.—M a in e —M a s s .
P u eb lo, C olo.
R en o, Nev.
S a c r a m e n t o , C a lif .
Sa lin a , K a n s .
Sa lin a s —M o n t e r e y , C a lif.
Santa B a r b a r a , C a lif .
S h r e v e p o r t , La.
S p r i n g f i e l d —C h i c o p e e —H o l y o k e , M a s s . —Con n.
S t o c k to n , C a lif .
T a c o m a , Wash.
T op ek a , Kans.
T u cson , A riz.
V a l d o s t a , Ga.
V a l l e j o —N a p a , C a lif .
W ichita F a lls , Tex.
W i l m i n g t o n , D e l.—N .J .—Md.
T h e e le v e n t h annual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , c h i e f a c c o u n t a n t s , a t t o r n e y s , j o b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l ,
b u y e r s , c h e m i s t s , e n g i n e e r s , e n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s , d r a f t s m e n , and c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s .
O r d e r as B L S B u lle t in 1693, N a tio n a l
S u r v e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and C l e r i c a l P a y , June 1 9 7 0 , $ 1 . 0 0 a c o p y , f r o m th e S u p e r in te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s ,
U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r any o f it s r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s .
■fr U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1971
0-432^167 (25)
are
A rea W age
Surveys
A list of the latest available bulletins is presented below. A directory of area wage studies including more limited studies conducted a t the
request of the Wage and Hour Division of the Department of Labor is available on request. Bulletins may be purchased from the Superintendent o f
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 20402, or from any of the BLS regional sales offices shown on the inside front cover.
Area
A k r o n , O h i o , J u ly 1970___________ - _______________________
A lb a n y- S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , F e b . 1970__ _________
A l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1_____________________
A lle n t o w n —B e t h le h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N . J . , M a y 1970 1—
A tla n ta, G a . , M a y 1970 1__________________________________
B a l t i m o r e , M d . , Aug. 1 970 1_____________________________
B e a u m o n t —P o r t A r t h u i—O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 -------B in g h a m to n , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ____________________________
B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1970___ ________________________
B o i s e C it y , Idaho, N o v. 1970 1 ----------------------------------------B o s t o n , M a s s . , Aug. 1970 1 ______________________________
B u ff a lo , N . Y . , O c t . 1970 1 ________________________________
B u r lin g t o n , V t . , M a r . 1970_______________________________
C anton, O h i o , M a y 1970 1_________________________________
C h a r l e s t o n , W. V a . , A p r . 1970 1_________________________
C h a r l o t t e , N . C . , M a r . 1970 1 ------------------------------------------C h a t t a n o o g a , T e n n . - G a . , Sept. 1970 1 __________________
C h i c a g o , 111., June 1970___________________________________
C in c in n a t i, O h i o —K y.—I n d . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 __________________
C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , Sept. 1970 1____________________________
C o l u m b u s , O h i o , O c t . 1970 1_____________________________
D a l l a s , T e x . , O ct . 1970 1 _________________________________
D a v e n p o r t —R o c k Isla nd—M o l i n e , Iowa—111.,
O ct . 1969 1--------------------------------------------------------------------------D a yto n , O h i o , D e c . 1 9 6 9 __________________________________
D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1970_________________________________
D e s M o i n e s , Iow a, M a y 1970 1 ___________________________
D e t r o i t , M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 ________________________________
F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O ct . 1970 1 ___________________________
G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u ly 1970 1------------------------------------------G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________
H o u s t o n , T e x . , A p r . 1970_________________________________
I n d ia n a p o lis , Ind., O ct . 1970 1 ___________________________
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , Jan. 1971 1______________________________
J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1970 1__________________________
K a n s a s C it y , M o . —K a n s . , Sept. 1970 1__________________
L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N . H . , June 1970 1________
L ittle R o c k —N o rt h L it tle R o c k , A r k . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 1_____
L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e i m —Santa AnarG a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1970______________________
L o u i s v i l l e , K y.—I n d . , N o v . 1970__________________________
L u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 1970 1______________________________
M a n c h e s t e r , N . H . , J u ly 1970 1 ___________________________
M e m p h i s , T e n n .—A r k . , N o v . 1970_______________________
M i a m i , F l a . , N o v . 1970 1 _________________________________
M id la n d and O d e s s a , T e x . , Jan. 1971__________________
M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , M a y 1970 1_________________________ ___
M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M in n . , Jan. 1971________________
Bulletin number
and price
1660-88,
1660-51,
1660-55,
1660-83,
1660-76,
1685-18,
1660-84,
1685-6,
1660-57,
1685-21,
16 8 5-1 1,
1685-43,
1660-53,
1660-81,
1660-68,
1660-61,
1685-10,
1660-90,
1660-49,
1685-28,
1685-33,
1685-22,
30 c e n t s
30c e n ts
35ce n ts
35c e n t s
50c e n ts
50 c e n t s
30c e n t s
30 ce n ts
30 ce n ts
35 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
50 c e n ts
25 c e n t s
35c e n t s
35 c e n ts
40 c e n t s
35c e n t s
60 c e n t s
35 c e n t s
50 c e n ts
40 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
1660-20,
1660-37,
1685-41,
1660-73,
1660-58,
1685-25,
1685-4,
1660-79,
1660-67,
1685-31,
1685-39,
1685-37,
1685-16,
1660-82,
1685-1,
35c e n ts
30 c e n ts
35 c e n t s
35 c e n ts
35 c e n ts
35c e n ts
35c e n t s
30 c e n ts
35 c e n ts
40 c e n ts
35c e n t s
35 c e n t s
45 c e n t s
35c e n t s
35c e n t s
1660-64,
1685-27,
1660-50,
1685-2,
1685-30,
1685-29,
1685-40,
1660-74,
1685-44,
45 ce n ts
30 c e n t s
35c e n ts
35c e n t s
30 c e n t s
40 c e n t s
30 c e n t s
50 c e n t s
40 c e n t s
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.
Area
M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1________
N e w a r k and J e r s e y C i t y , N . J . , J a n . 1 9 7 0 1 -----------------------N e w H a v e n , C o n n . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 ---------------------------------------------------N e w O r l e a n s , L a . , J a n . 1 9 7 1 1 ________________________________
N e w Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1 ----------------------------------------------------N o r f o l k r - P o r t s m o u t h an d N e w p o r t N e w s —
H a m p t o n , V a . , J a n . 1 9 7 0 1 ---------------------- -------------------------------O k l a h o m a C i t y , O k l a . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 _____________________________
O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , S e p t . 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________
P a t e r s o n —C l i f t o n —P a s s a i c , N . J . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1____________
P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . —N . J . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ___________________________
P h o e n i x , A r i z . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1 ___________________________________
P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , J a n . 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------------------------------P o r t l a n d , M a i n e , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ___________________________________
P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a s h . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1_________________________
P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t ^ W a r w i c k , R . I . —M a s s . ,
M a y 1 9 7 0 --------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------R a l e i g h , N . C . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 1---------------------------------------------------------R i c h m o n d , V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1 ___________________________________
R o c h e s t e r , N .Y . (office o c cu p ation s on ly),
A u g . 1 9 7 0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------R o c k f o r d , 111., M a y l 9 7 0 1 ---------------------------------------------------------S t . L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1 9 7 0 ________________________________
S a l t L a k e C i t y , U t a h , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1 ____________________________
S a n A n t o n i o , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 __________________________________
S a n B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r i o , C a l i f . ,
D e c . 1 9 7 0 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------S a n D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 __________________________________
S a n F r a n c i s c o —O a k l a n d , C a l i f . , O c t . 1 9 7 0 _________________
S a n J o s e , C a l i f . , A u g . 1 9 7 0 -------------------------------------------------------S a v a n n a h , G a . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1_____________________________________
S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 1-----------------------------------------------------------S e a t t l e —E v e r e t t , W a s h . , J a n . 1 9 7 0 ___________________________
S i o u x F a l l s , S. D a k . , D e c . 1 9 7 0 1_____________________________
S o u t h B e n d , I n d . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1 --------------------------------------------------S p o k a n e , W a s h . , J u n e 1 9 7 0 1 __________________________________
S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 --------------------------------------------------------T a m p a —St. P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ___________________
T o l e d o , Ohior—M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 _______________________________
I r e n t o n , N . J . , S e p t . 1 9 7 0 * ----------------------------------- _-----------------U t i c a r - R o m e , N . Y . , J u l y 1 9 7 0 _________________________________
W a s h i n g t o n , D . C . - M d . - V a . , S e p t . 1 9 6 9 1 __________________
W a t e r b u r y , C o n n . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 * _______________________________
W a t e r l o o , I o w a , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1___________________________________
W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1 9 7 0 1 -----------------------------------------------------W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 _______________________________
Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 1 ---------------------------------- -- ----------------------------Y o u n g s t o w n —W a r r e n , O h i o , N o v . 1 9 7 0 ______________________
Bulletin number
and price
1 6 6 0-85,
1660-47,
1 6 8 5 -35 ,
168 5 -36 ,
1 6 6 0 -89 ,
35
50
30
40
75
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
1660-59,
1 6 8 5 -5,
1 6 8 5 - 14,
1 6 6 0 -87 ,
1 6 8 5 -34 ,
1 6 6 0-70,
1 6 6 0-60,
1 6 85-19,
1 6 6 0-77,
35
30
35
45
50
35
50
30
40
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
1 6 6 0 -72 ,
168 5 -12 ,
1 6 6 0-65,
30 cents
35 c e n t s
40 cents
1 6 85-7,
1 6 6 0-75,
1660-66,
1 6 8 5-26,
1 6 6 0-71,
30
35
40
35
30
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
1 6 8 5 -42 ,
1 6 85-20,
1 6 8 5 -23 ,
1 6 8 5 - 13,
1660-80,
16 8 5 -3,
1660-52,
1 6 8 5 -38 ,
1660-62,
166 0 -86 ,
1 6 85-8,
16 8 5 -17 ,
1 6 6 0-56,
1 6 8 5 -15 ,
16 8 5 -9,
1660-19,
1 6 6 0-54,
1 6 8 5 -32 ,
1660-69,
1660-78,
1660-63,
1 6 8 5-24,
40
30
40
30
35
35
30
35
35
35
30
30
30
35
30
50
35
35
35
35
35
30
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
cents
U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON, D.C.
20212
OFFICIAL BUSINESS
PE N A LT Y FOR P R IV A TE USE. $300
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
FIRST CLASS M AIL
@FedFRASER