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Area Wage Survey
Daytona Beach, Florida,
Metropolitan Area, August 1976
Bulletin 1900-45
U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics




Preface
T h i s b u l l e t i n p r o v i d e s r e s u l t s o f an A u g u s t 1976 s u r v e y
o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s in th e D a y t o n a B e a c h , F l o r i d a , S t a n d a r d
M e t r o p o lit a n S ta tis tic a l A r e a ( V o lu s ia C ou nty).
The s u rv e y was
m a d e as p a r t o f the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s ' a n n u a l a r e a w a g e
s u r v e y p r o g r a m , w h i c h i s d e s i g n e d t o y i e l d da ta f o r i n d i v i d u a l
m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s a s w e l l a s n a t i o n a l and r e g i o n a l e s t i m a t e s f o r
a l l S t a n d a r d M e t r o p o l i t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a s in the U n it e d S t a t e s ,
e x c l u d i n g A l a s k a and H a w a i i .

A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in the a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m
i s the n e e d to d e s c r i b e th e l e v e l and m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s in a
v a r i e t y o f l a b o r m a r k e t s , t h r o u g h th e a n a l y s i s o f (1) the l e v e l
and d i s t r i b u t i o n o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n , and (2) the m o v e m e n t
o f w a g e s b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y and s k i l l l e v e l . T h e p r o g r a m
d e v e l o p s i n f o r m a t i o n th at m a y b e u s e d f o r m a n y p u r p o s e s , i n ­
c l u d i n g w a g e and s a l a r y a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , c o l l e c t i v e b a r g a i n i n g ,
a nd a s s i s t a n c e in d e t e r m i n i n g p la n t l o c a t i o n . S u r v e y r e s u l t s a l s o
a r e u s e d b y the U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r t o m a k e w a g e d e t e r ­
m i n a t i o n s u n d e r th e S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965.




C u r r e n t l y , 84 a r e a s a r e i n c l u d e d in the p r o g r a m . (See
l i s t o f a r e a s on i n s i d e b a c k c o v e r . )
In e a c h a r e a , o c c u p a t i o n a l
e a rn in g s data a r e c o l l e c t e d annually.
I n fo r m a tio n on e s t a b lis h ­
m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e b e n e f i t s i s o b t a i n e d e v e r y
th ird y e a r.
E a ch y e a r a fter a ll individual a r e a w age s u rv e y s have
b e e n c o m p le t e d , tw o s u m m a r y b u lletin s a re i s s u e d .
The f ir s t
b r i n g s t o g e t h e r d a t a f o r e a c h m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s u r v e y e d ; the
s e c o n d p r e s e n t s n a t i o n a l and r e g i o n a l e s t i m a t e s , p r o j e c t e d f r o m
in divid u al m e t r o p o lita n a r e a data.
T h e D a y t o n a B e a c h s u r v e y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u ' s
r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in A t l a n t a , G a „ u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f
J e r r y G. A d a m s, A ssista n t R egion a l C o m m is s io n e r fo r O p e r ­
ation s.
T h e s u r v e y c o u l d n o t h a v e b e e n a c c o m p l i s h e d w ith o u t
the c o o p e r a t i o n o f the m a n y f i r m s w h o s e w a g e a nd s a l a r y da ta
p r o v i d e d th e b a s i s f o r the s t a t i s t i c a l i n f o r m a t i o n in th is b u l l e t i n .
T h e B u r e a u w i s h e s t o e x p r e s s s i n c e r e a p p r e c i a t i o n f o r the c o o p ­
eration r e ce iv e d .

Bulletin 1900-45

A rea W age Survey:

November 1976

Daytona Beach, Florida,
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, Julius Shiskin, Commissioner

M etropolitan A rea
August 1976

Contents

Page

In trod u ction

2

Page
A ppendix A .
A ppendix B.

S c o p e and m e t h o d o f s u r v e y _________ 7
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ___________ 10

T ables:
A.

E arn ings:
A - l . W e e k ly earn ings o f o f f ic e w o r k e r s . . .
A - 2 . W e e k ly earn ings o f p r o f e s s i o n a l
and t e c h n i c a l w o r k e r s _______________
A - 3 . A v e r a g e w e e k ly earn ings o f o f fic e ,
p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n i c a l
w o r k e r s , b y s e x _____________________
A - 4 . H ou rly earnings o f m a in ten ance,
t o o l r o o m , and p o w e r p l a n t
w o r k e r s _________________________________
A - 5 . H ou rly earnings o f m a te r ia l
m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d i a l
w o r k e r s _________________________________
A - 6 . A v e r a g e h o u rly earnings o f
m a in ten ance, to o lr o o m , p o w e r p la n t , m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t , and
c u s t o d i a l w o r k e r s , b y s e x _________
A - l . P e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s in a v e r a g e
h o u rly earn ings fo r s e le cte d
o cc u p a t io n a l g r o u p s , adjusted
f o r e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s _______________




3
3

4

4

5

5

6

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
O ffice, Washington, D. C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional
Offices listed on back cover.
Price 45 cents. Make checks payable to
Superintendent of Documents.




Introduction
T h is
area
is
1 o f 84 i n w h i c h t h e U . S .
D ep a rtm en t of L a b o r 's
B u r e a u of L a b o r S ta tis tic s
co n d u cts s u r v e y s of o c c u p a tio n a l e a r n in g s and r e ­
la te d b e n e fits.
In t h i s a r e a , d a t a w e r e o b t a i n e d b y
a c o m b i n a t i o n of p e r s o n a l v i s i t , m a i l q u e s t i o n n a i r e ,
an d telep h o n e in te rv ie w .
R e p resen ta tive e s ta b lis h ­
m e n ts w ith in s ix b ro a d in d u s tr y d iv is io n s w e r e c o n ­
tacted :
M a n u fa ctu rin g ; tra n sp o rta tio n , c o m m u n ic a ­
tion ,
and
oth er
p u b lic u tilitie s ; w h o le s a le tra d e ;
r e t a i l tra d e ; fin a n c e,
in su ra n ce ,
and r e a l e s ta te ;
and s e rv ic e s .
M a jo r in d u stry group s exclu d ed fr o m
th ese
stu dies
a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a tio n s and the
c o n s tr u c tio n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s tr ie s .
E sta b lish ­
m e n ts h avin g f e w e r than a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r of
w o r k e r s a r e o m itted b e c a u s e of in su ffic ien t e m p lo y ­
m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n s stu d ie d .
S ep a rate tab u la ­
t i o n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h of the b r o a d i n d u s t r y
d iv is io n s w h ich m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r ia .

( c ) m a i n t e n a n c e , t o o l r o o m , a n d p o w e r p l a n t , a n d (d)
m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s to d ia l.
In th e 31 l a r g e s t
survey
areas,
ta b le s
A - l a th rou gh A - 6 a p ro vid e
s i m i l a r d a t a f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g 500 w o r k ­
ers or m ore.
T a b l e A - 7 p r o v i d e s p e r c e n t c h a n g e s in a v ­
e r a g e h o u rly e a r n in g s of o ffice c le r ic a l w o r k e r s ,
e le ctro n ic
data p r o c e s s i n g
w o r k e r s , in d u strial
nurses,
sk ille d m ain ten a n ce tra d e s w o r k e r s ,
and
u n s k ille d p la n t w o r k e r s .
W h e re p o s s ib le , d ata a r e
p resen ted
fo r
a ll
in d u strie s,
m an u factu rin g ,
and
n o n m a n u factu rin g.
T h is ta b le p r o v id e s a m e a s u r e of
w a g e tr e n d s a f t e r e lim in a tio n of c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
e a rn in g s ca u se d by em p lo y m e n t sh ifts am o n g e s t a b ­
l i s h m e n t s a s w e l l a s t u r n o v e r of e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n ­
c lu d e d in s u r v e y s a m p l e s .
F o r fu rth e r d eta ils, see
a p p e n d ix A .
A p p en d ix es

A - s e r i e s ta b le s
T a b le s A - 1 th ro u gh A - 6 p ro vid e e s tim a te s
of s tra ig h t-tim e w e e k ly o r h o u rly earn in g s fo r w o r k ­
e r s in o c c u p a t io n s c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y of m a n u ­
fa c tu r in g and n o n m a n u factu rin g in d u strie s.
O ccupa­
tio n s w e r e s e l e c t e d f r o m the fo llo w in g c a t e g o r i e s :
(a) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l , (b) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l ,

A p p e n d ix A d e s c r i b e s the m e th o d s a n d c o n ­
c e p t s u s e d in th e a r e a w a g e s u r v e y p r o g r a m and
p r o v i d e s i n f o r m a t i o n on th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
A p p e n d ix B p r o v id e s job d e s c r ip t io n s u se d
b y B u r e a u f ie ld e c o n o m is t s to c l a s s i f y w o r k e r s b y
o ccu p a tio n .

2

A.

Earnings

T ab le A-1. W e e kly earnings of office w orkers in D aytona Beach, Fla., A ugust 1976
W eek ly earnings
(standard)

Occupation and industry division

Number
of
workers

1

N um ber o f w o r k e r s r e c eivin g s t r a ig h t-t im e w eek ly earning s of—
s

A verage
w eek ly
h ours1
(standard

90
M ean

*

M edian

*

M id d le range

£

i

WORKERS

$

$

$

100

S

S
no
120

$

130

*

140

S

150

i

160

170

170

180

s

%

19o

S
200

190 20C'

210

ieo

S

210

i

220

$
230

23o

24o

240

S
250

250

260

S

S

260

s

T

270

280

270 280

290

and
under

95
ALL

95

$

$

no

100

120

130

150

140

160

1

1
1

fT
*7

l

•3

220

1
165.00-

181.50
WnL1 •uwi v L U
m a n u f a c t u r in g ---------- ---- -----------

28

162.50 151.00 140.0040.0 163.50 153.00 147.00...

s w it c h b o a r d

o p e ra to r - r e c e p t io n is t s -

_

204.50
193.00
193.50 -

1

-

-

4

4

4

-

1

7

2

2

6

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

... .

7

17 40.0 116.50 116.00 100.00-130.00

3

2

1

1

-

-

-

-

1

7

1

1

1
1

|

1

1

-

-

l
t

See footn otes at end o f ta b le s

Table A-2. Weekly earnings of professional and technical workers in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976
W eek ly earnings 1
(standard)

O ccu p a tion and in d u s tr y d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

N u m ber o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t-t im e we ek ly ea rn in g s o f—

s

A vera ge
w eek ly
h ours1
(standard)

S

210
M ean *

M edian *

M id d le ranged

v

S

s

s

$

S

s

s

s

$

%

%

$

s

s

s

s

$
v

L A j j

w

11

■■ ■

$
2 2 4 .0 0 - 2 7 9 .5 0

225

230

235

240

245

250

255

260

265

270

275

280

285

290

295

300

310

320

220

225

230

235

240

245

250

255

260

265

270

275

280

285

290

295

300

310

320

330

5

2

2

1

and
unde r
215

S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s .




1 ----------

220

ALL WORKERS
UHAi 1 t K j y

%

S

215

3

-

-

-

Table A -3 . Average w ee k ly earnings of office, professional, and technical w orkers, by sex,
in D aytona Beach, Fla., A ugust 1976
A verage
(m e a n 2 )

A v era g e
(m e a n 2 )

Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv isio n

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS -

Number
of
workers

W eek ly
heurs 1
[standard)

W eek ly
earnings 1
(standard)

Sex, 3 o c cu p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n

WOMEN

Number
of

W eekly
hours 1
(standard)

A verage
(m ea n 2 )

W eek ly
earnings 1
(standard)

S ex, 3 oc c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED

Num ber
of
workers

W eekly
hours 1
(standard)

OFFICE OCCUPATIONS WOMEN— CONTINUED

160

55

28
24

183.00
148.50

C

24

181.50
28

40.0

39.5
40.0

t^

167.50
SECRETARIES. CLASS

W eek ly
earnings 1
(standard)

116.00

39.5
40.0

£

tS0 .*20

167.50

p r o f e s s io n a l

and

OCCUPATIONS

$
130.50
147.50
121.50

t e c h n ic a l

MEN

-

162.50
163.50

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .

Table A-4. Hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom, and powerplant workers in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976
Hourly earnings

O ccu p ation and in du stry d iv is io n

Number
oi
workers

4

N um ber of w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t-t im e h o u rly ea rn in g s o f—
$
1
4 .3 0 4 . 4 0

M ean

2

M edian

*

$
4 .5 0

S
4 .6 0

s
4 .7 0

$
4 .9 0

$

1
5 .2 0

1
5 .3 0

5
5 .4 0

s

I

I

5 .0 0

5
5 .1 0

$

4 .8 0

5 .5 0

5 .6 0

5 .7 o

5 .8 0

1
5 .9 0

S
6 .0 0

5
6 .1 o

1
6 .2 0

4 .6 0

4 .7 0

4 .8 0

4 .9 0

5 .0 0

5 .1 0

5 .2 0

5 .3 0

5 .4 0

5 .5 0

5 .6 0

5 .7 0

5 .8 n 5 .9 0

6 .0 0

6 .1 0

6 .2 o

6 .3 0 6 .4 0

1

1
6 .3 0

s

s

6 .4 0

6 .6 0

6 .6 0

6 . So

M iddle range 2

under
4 .4 0

4 .5 0

ALL WORKERS
$

•

1

•

1

1

1

•

•

1

4

1




i

See fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .

•

i

$
$
4 .3 4 - 5 .0 9

i

$
4 .3 4

•

4 .8 4

•

17

©

MAINTENANCE MECHANICS
(MOTOR VEHICLES) ---------- -------- ----------

1

T a b le A -5 .

Hourly earnings of m aterial m ovem ent and custodial w o rkers in D aytona Beach, Fla., August 1976
N um ber o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a ig h t-t im e h o u r ly ea rn in gs o f—

Hourly earnings 4

O ccu p ation and in d u stry d iv is io n

S

Number
of
workers

2 .3 0
M ean 2

M e d ian 2

M id d le range 2

s---- -5---- 1 ---- 5
2 . 4 0 2 . 5 0 2 . 6 0 2 .7 0

S

2 .8 0

*5---- S
S
1 ---- ~S---- 1 ---- "5---- 1 ---- 1 ---- S
2 . 9 0 3 .0 0 3 .1 0 3 .2 0 3 . 3 0 3 .4 0 3 .5 0 3 .6 0 3 . 8 o 4 . 0 0

S

S

4 .2 0

4 .4 0

and
under
2 .4 0

2 .5 o

2 .6 0

2 .7 0

2 .8 0

2 .9 0

3 .0 0

3 . IQ

3 .2 0

3 .3 0

3 .4 0

3 .5 0

3 *6 0 3 .8 0

4 .0 0

4 .2 0

».»o 4 .6 0

ALL WORKERS
57
49

$
3 .3 8
3 .3 3

$
3 .4 0
3 .4 0

$
3 .2 5 3 .4 0 -

$
3 .4 0
3 .4 0

3

•
-

1
-

6
6

“

2
2

•

-

-

•
-

-

-

28
28

-

B
7

-

3

-

2
-

1
1

1
1

RECEIVING CLERKS ----------------------

16

3 .8 5

3 .9 4

3 . 5 3 - 4 .4 0

-

-

3

-

-

1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2

2

2

-

4

HANDLING LABORERS ----------------

54

3 .1 2

3*00

2 . 4 9 - 3 .9 0

6

9

5

-

2

3

-

4

-

2

5

-

-

1

16

1

-

-

JANITORS. PORTERS. AND CLEANERS -----MANUFACTURING -------------- ----------------------n o n m an u f ac tu r in g ------------ ------------------

108
42
66

3 .0 4
3 .2 7
2 .8 9

2 .9 1
3 .2 0
2 .6 3

2 . 5 0 - 3 .3 1
2 . 9 1 - 3 .3 9
2 .4 1 - 3 .0 8

13
•
13

9
4
5

14
3
11

5
.
5

11

12
7
5

4
_
4

8
8

6
6

2

_

_

5
1
4

•
-

9
8
1

-

•

5
5

TRUCKORIVERS --------------------------n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------- --------------

m a t e r ia l

11

3

-

2

“

See fo o tn o te s at end o f t a b le s .




Table A-6. Average hourly earnings of maintenance, toolroom,
powerplant, material movement, and custodial workers,
by sex, in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976
S ex,

3

o c c u p a tio n , and in d u stry d iv is io n

Number
of
workers

A vera ge
(m e a n 2 )

Sex, 3 o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s try d iv is io n
earnings4

MAINTENANCE, t o o lr o o m , and
POWERPLANT OCCUPATIONS - MEN
MAINTENANCE MECHANICS

Number
of
workers

A verage
(m e a n * )
hourly
earnings 4

MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN— CONTINUED
$

JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS

--------

93

$
3 .0 6
2 .9 3

MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
OCCUPATIONS - MEN
MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
OCCUPATIONS - WOMEN

15
S ee fo o tn o te s at end o f ta b le s .

5

2 .8 8

“

Table A-7. Percent increases in average hourly earnings for selected
occupational groups, adjusted for employment shifts,
in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1975 to August 1976
In d u s try and o c c u p a tio n a l gro u p
(m en and w om en c o m b in e d )

A u gust 1975 to A u gust 1976

A l l in d u s t r ie s :
*

E le c t r o n ic data p r o c e s s in g

*
*

_

10.6

* D ata d o not m e e t p u b lica tio n c r it e r i a .

Footnotes
to these weekaiyd ho0uU
rrsS r e fle c t the w o rk w e e k fo r '"''ic h e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th eir r e g u la r s tr a ig h t-tim e

s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f pay f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ),

and the ea rn in g s c o r r e s p o n d

a , h I 1fT ^e , m e a ' \ iS Cr . PUt£ fo r * ac.h jo b b 3Ltota1" ® the e a r n in g ! ° f a ll w o r k e r s and d ivid in g by the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s .
T he m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s p o s itio n — h a lf o f the e m p lo y e e s s u rv e y e d r e c e iv e m o r e
h aif r e c e d e le s s than the rate shown
The n o d d le ran ge
d e fin e d by 2 r a te s o f ^ a y ; a fou rth o f the w o r k e r s e a rn l e s s than the lo w e r o f th e s e r a te s and a fou rth ea rn m o r e than the h igh er rate.
E a rn in gs data r e la te o n ly to w o r k e r s w h ose se x id e n tific a tio n w as p r o v id e d by the e sta b lis h m e n t.
E x clu d es p rem iu m pay fo r o v e r t im e and fo r w o rk on w e e k e n d s, h o lid a y s , and late sh ifts .




6

Appendix A
A r e a w a g e and r e l a t e d b e n e f i t s da ta a r e o b t a i n e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s
o f B u r e a u f i e l d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . 1 In e a c h o f the i n t e r ­
v e n i n g y e a r s , i n f o r m a t i o n o n e m p l o y m e n t and o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s i s c o l ­
l e c t e d b y a c o m b i n a t i o n o f p e r s o n a l v i s i t , m a i l q u e s t i o n n a i r e , and t e l e p h o n e
i n t e r v i e w f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t s p a r t i c i p a t i n g in t h e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y .

d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w ith in the s c o p e o f the s u r v e y , a r e
n ot p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e e i t h e r (1) e m p l o y m e n t in the
o c c u p a t i o n i s t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e e n o u g h data to m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r
(2) t h e r e i s p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t da ta .
Sepa­
r a t e m e n ' s and w o m e n ' s e a r n i n g s da ta a r e not p r e s e n t e d w h e n the n u m b e r o f
w o r k e r s not i d e n t i f i e d b y s e x i s 20 p e r c e n t o r m o r e o f the m e n o r w o m e n
i d e n t i f i e d in an o c c u p a t i o n .
E a r n i n g s d a t a not s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y f o r i n d u s t r y
div ision s
a r e i n c l u d e d in da ta f o r a l l i n d u s t r i e s
com bined.
L ik ew ise,
da ta a r e i n c l u d e d in th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n w h e n a . s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f
e l e c t r o n i c s t e c h n i c i a n s , s e c r e t a r i e s , o r t r u c k d r i v e r s i s not s h o w n o r i n f o r ­
m a t i o n to s u b c l a s s i f y i s n o t a v a i l a b l e .

In e a c h o f th e 84 2
1 a r e a s c u r r e n t l y s u r v e y e d , da ta a r e o b t a i n e d f r o m
r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s :
M anufac­
t u r i n g ; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e
t r a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s .
M a jo r
i n d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c l u d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d i e s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t i o n s and
t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n and e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r th an
a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a re om itted b e c a u s e of in su fficie n t e m p lo y ­
m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d ie d .
S ep arate tabu lation s a re p r o v id e d f o r e a ch
o f th e b r o a d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h i c h m e e t p u b l i c a t i o n c r i t e r i a .

O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t and e a r n i n g s data a r e show n f o r f u l l - t i m e
w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o s e h ire d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s ch e d u le .
E a r n i n g s data
e x c l u d e p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , and
la te s h i f t s . N o n p r o d u c t i o n b o n u s e s a r e e x c l u d e d , but c o s t - o f - l i v i n g a l l o w a n c e s
and i n c e n t i v e b o n u s e s a r e i n c l u d e d .
W e e k l y h o u r s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l and
p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s r e f e r to th e s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k
( r o u n d e d to th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h i c h e m p l o y e e s r e c e i v e r e g u l a r
s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s ( e x c l u s i v e o f p a y f o r o v e r t i m e at r e g u l a r a n d / o r
p rem iu m rates).
A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a rn in g s f o r th e se o c cu p a tio n s a re rounded
t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f d o l l a r .

T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p l e b a s i s .
The sam pling
p r o c e d u r e s i n v o l v e d e t a i l e d s t r a t i f i c a t i o n o f a l l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w it h in the
s c o p e o f an i n d i v i d u a l a r e a s u r v e y b y i n d u s t r y and n u m b e r o f e m p l o y e e s .
F r o m t h i s s t r a t i f i e d u n i v e r s e a p r o b a b i l i t y s a m p l e i s s e l e c t e d , w ith e a c h
e s t a b l i s h m e n t h a v in g a p r e d e t e r m i n e d c h a n c e o f s e l e c t i o n . T o o b t a i n o p t i m u m
a c c u r a c y at m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f l a r g e than s m a l l e s t a b ­
lish m en ts is
selected .
W hen data a r e c o m b i n e d , e a c h e s t a b l i s h m e n t i s
w e i g h t e d a c c o r d i n g t o i t s p r o b a b i l i t y o f s e l e c t i o n , s o th at u n b i a s e d e s t i m a t e s
a re generated.
F o r e x a m p l e , i f o n e ou t o f f o u r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i s s e l e c t e d ,
it i s g i v e n a w e i g h t o f f o u r t o r e p r e s e n t i t s e l f p lu s t h r e e o t h e r s .
An alternate
o f the s a m e o r i g i n a l p r o b a b i l i t y i s c h o s e n in the s a m e i n d u s t r y - s i z e c l a s s i ­
f i c a t i o n i f da ta a r e n o t a v a i l a b l e f r o m the o r i g i n a l s a m p l e m e m b e r .
If no
s u i t a b l e s u b s t i t u t e i s a v a i l a b l e , a d d i t i o n a l w e i g h t i s a s s i g n e d to a s a m p l e
m e m b e r that i s s i m i l a r to the m i s s i n g unit.

T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e the l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n i n g s in an a r e a
at a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e .
C o m p a r is o n s o f in divid u al o ccu p a t io n a l a v e r a g e s o v e r
t i m e m a y not r e f l e c t e x p e c t e d w a g e c h a n g e s . The a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l jo b s
a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s and e m p l o y m e n t p a t t e r n s .
F o r exam ple,
p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d by h igh- o r lo w -w a g e f i r m s m a y ch a n g e , o r
h i g h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s and b e r e p l a c e d b y n e w
w o r k e r s at l o w e r r a t e s .
Such s h if t s in e m p l o y m e n t c o u l d d e c r e a s e an o c c u ­
p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n th o u g h m o s t e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s
d u r i n g th e y e a r .
C h a n g e s in e a r n i n g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in t a b l e
A - 7 , a r e b e t t e r i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s than a r e e a r n i n g s c h a n g e s f o r
i n d i v i d u a l j o b s w ith in the g r o u p s .

O c c u p a t i o n s and e a r n i n g s
O c c u p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu dy a r e c o m m o n to a v a r i e t y o f m a n u f a c ­
t u r i n g and n o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s , and a r e o f the f o l l o w i n g t y p e s :
(1) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l ; (3) m a i n t e n a n c e , t o o l r o o m ,
a nd p o w e r p l a n t ; and (4) m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t and c u s t o d i a l .
O ccupational
c l a s s i f i c a t i o n i s b a s e d o n a u n i f o r m s e t o f j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s i g n e d t o ta k e
a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t v a r i a t i o n in d u t ie s w ith in the s a m e j o b .
O ccu­
p a t i o n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e l i s t e d and d e s c r i b e d in a p p e n d ix B .
U nless
o t h e r w i s e i n d i c a t e d , th e e a r n i n g s data f o l l o w i n g th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a l l
in d u stries co m b in e d .
E a r n i n g s da ta f o r s o m e o f th e o c c u p a t i o n s l i s t e d and

A v e ra g e earn ings r e fle c t c o m p o s ite , areaw ide e stim a te s.
In dustries
and e s t a b l i s h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l and j o b ' s t a f f i n g , and th u s c o n t r i b u t e
d i f f e r e n t l y to th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h j o b .
P a y a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l to r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e d i f f e r e n t i a l a m o n g j o b s in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s .
A v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s f o r m e n and w o m e n in s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n s s h o u ld
n o t b e a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y o f th e s e x e s w ith in i n d i v i d u a l
establish m en ts.
F a c t o r s w h ich m a y co n trib u te to d if f e r e n c e s in clu d e p r o ­
g r e s s i o n w ith in e s t a b l i s h e d r a t e r a n g e s ( o n l y th e r a t e s p a id i n c u m b e n t s a r e
c o l l e c t e d ) and p e r f o r m a n c e o f s p e c i f i c d u t i e s w ith in th e g e n e r a l s u r v e y j o b
d escriptions.
J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d t o c l a s s i f y e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s
u s u a l l y a r e m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th an t h o s e u s e d in i n d i v i d u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s
and a l l o w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in s p e c i f i c d u t ie s
p erform ed .

1 Personal visits were on a 2-year cy cle before July 1972.
2 Included in the 84 areas are 14 studies conducted by the Bureau under contract. These areas are
Akron, Ohio; Austin, T ex .; Binghamton, N .Y . —P a .; Birmingham, A la .; Fort Lauderdale—Hollywood and West
Palm Beach-Boca Raton, F la.; Lexington—Fayette, K y .; Melbourne—Titusville—Cocoa, Fla.; Norfolk—Virginia
Beach—Portsmouth and Newport News—Hampton, Va. —N. C . ; Poughkeepsie—Kingston—Newburgh, N. Y . ; Raleigh—
Durham, N .C .; Stamford, Conn.; Syracuse, N. Y . ; Utica—Rome, N .Y .; and Westchester County, N .Y .
In
addition, the Bureau conducts more limited area studies in approximately 100 areas at the request o f the
Employment Standards Administration of the U. S. Department o f Labor.




7

O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t the t o t a l in a l l e s t a b ­
l i s h m e n t s w it h in th e s c o p e o f th e s tu d y and n o t the n u m b e r a c t u a l l y s u r v e y e d .
B e ca u se o ccu p a tio n a l s tru ctu re s am ong e sta b lish m en ts d iffe r , e s tim a te s of
o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p l o y m e n t o b t a i n e d f r o m th e s a m p l e o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s s t u d ie d
s e r v e o n l y t o i n d i c a t e th e r e l a t i v e i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d i e d .
These
d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e d o not a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f
the e a rn in g s data.

Wage trend y f o r s e le c t e d o ccu p a tio n a l g rou ps

S ecreta ries
Stenographers, general
S ten ograp h ers, sen ior
T y p ists, cla s s e s
A and B
File c le r k s , cla s s e s A,
B , and C
M essengers
Sw itchboard o p e r a t o r s ,
c l a s s e s A and B

O rder clerk s
A ccou ntin g c le r k s ,
c l a s s e s A and B
B ook k eep in g-m a ch in e
o p e r a to rs , cla ss B
P a yroll clerk s
K eypunch o p e r a to rs ,
c l a s s e s A and B
T ab u la tin g-m a ch in e
o p e r a to rs , cla ss B




C arpen ters
E lectricia n s
P ain ters
M a ch in ists
M e ch a n ics (m a ch in ery )
M e ch a n ics (m o to r veh icle)
P ip efitters
T o o l and d i e m a k e r s
U n s k i l l e d pla n t ( m e n and 1
2
3
w om en ):
J a n i t o r s , p o r t e r s , and
clea n ers
M a t e r i a l h a n d lin g l a b o r e r s

P e r c e n t c h a n g e s f o r i n d i v i d u a l a r e a s in th e p r o g r a m
as fo llo w s:

are:

O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ( m e n and
w o m e n )---- C o n t in u e d

C om puter system s
an a lysts, c la s s e s
A , B , and C
Com puter p r o g ra m m e rs,
c l a s s e s A , B , and C
Com puter op erators,
c l a s s e s A , B , and C

R e g is t e r e d in d u stria l
nurses

T h e p e r c e n t c h a n g e s r e l a t e t o w a g e c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e i n d i c a t e d
dates.
W h e n th e t i m e sp a n b e t w e e n s u r v e y s i s o t h e r than 12 m o n t h s , a n n u a l
ra te s a re shown.
(It i s a s s u m e d th at w a g e s i n c r e a s e at a c o n s t a n t r a t e
betw een s u rv e y s .)

O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ( m e n a nd
w o m e n ):

Sk illed m a in te n a n ce (m en
and w o m e n ) :

I n d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ( m e n and
w o m e n ):

T h e p e r c e n t i n c r e a s e s p r e s e n t e d in t a b l e A - 7 a r e b a s e d o n c h a n g e s
in a v e r a g e h o u r l y e a r n i n g s f o r e s t a b l i s h m e n t s r e p o r t i n g the t r e n d j o b s in b o th
th e c u r r e n t a nd p r e v i o u s y e a r ( m a t c h e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t s ) .
T h e da ta a r e
a d j u s t e d t o r e m o v e th e e f f e c t s o n a v e r a g e e a r n i n g s o f e m p l o y m e n t s h i f t s
a m o n g e s t a b l i s h m e n t s and t u r n o v e r o f e s t a b l i s h m e n t s i n c l u d e d in s u r v e y
sa m p les.
The p e r c e n t in c r e a s e s , h o w e v e r, a re s till a ffe cte d by f a c to r s
o t h e r th an w a g e i n c r e a s e s .
H i r i n g , l a y o f f s , and t u r n o v e r m a y a f f e c t an
e s t a b l i s h m e n t a v e r a g e f o r an o c c u p a t i o n w h e n w o r k e r s a r e p a id u n d e r p l a n s
p r o v id in g a ran ge o f w age r a te s f o r in dividual jo b s .
In p e r i o d s o f i n c r e a s e d
h i r i n g , f o r e x a m p l e , n e w e m p l o y e e s e n t e r at the b o t t o m o f the r a n g e ,
d e p r e s s i n g the a v e r a g e w it h o u t a c h a n g e in w a g e r a t e s .

O ccu p a tio n s u se d to co m p u te w a ge tr e n d s

E l e c t r o n i c data p r o c e s s i n g
( m e n and w o m e n ) :

are

1.

E a c h o c c u p a t i o n i s a s s i g n e d a w e i g h t b a s e d o n it s p r o ­
p o r t i o n a t e e m p l o y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p in the
base year.

2.

T h e s e w e i g h t s a r e u s e d to c o m p u t e g r o u p a v e r a g e s .
E ach o c c u p a t io n 's a v e ra g e (m ean) ea rn in gs is m u ltiplied
by its w eigh t.
T h e p r o d u c t s a r e t o t a l e d t o o b t a in a
group average.

3.

The ra tio o f gro u p a v e r a g e s f o r 2 c o n s e c u t iv e y e a r s is
c o m p u t e d b y d i v i d i n g th e a v e r a g e f o r t h e c u r r e n t y e a r
by the a v e r a g e f o r the e a r l i e r y e a r .
The result—
e x p r e s s e d as a p e r c e n t — l e s s 100 i s the p e r c e n t c h a n g e .

com puted

F o r a m o r e d e t a i l e d d e s c r i p t i o n o f th e m e t h o d u s e d to c o m p u t e t h e s e
w a ge t r e n d s , s e e " I m p r o v in g A r e a W age S u rv e y I n d e x e s , " M onthly L a b o r
R e v i e w , J a nu a ry 1973, pp. 5 2 -5 7 .
E s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s
T a b u l a t i o n s o n s e l e c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s and s u p p l e m e n t a r y
w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s t a b l e s ) a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in t h is b u l l e t i n . I n f o r ­
m a t i o n f o r t h e s e t a b u l a t i o n s i s c o l l e c t e d at 3 - y e a r i n t e r v a l s . 1
T h e se tabu­
l a t i o n s on m i n i m u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r i n e x p e r i e n c e d o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; s hif t
d i f f e r e n t i a l s ; s c h e d u l e d w e e k l y h o u r s and d a y s ; p a i d h o l i d a y s ; p a i d v a c a t i o n s ;
and h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , and p e n s i o n p l a n s a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e B - s e r i e s t a b l e s )
in p r e v i o u s b u l l e t i n s f o r t h i s a r e a .
Personal visits w ere on a 2 -y e a r c y c le before July 1972.

8

Appendix table 1. Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied
in Daytona Beach, Fla., August 1976
Industry d iv is io n 2

M in im um
em p lo ym e n t
in e s t a b lis h m ents in s c o p e
o f study

ALL DIVISIONS ______________________________________
MANUFACTURING-------------------- ---------------------------------------------n on m an u f a c t u r i n g — — — ----------------- ------------------------TRANSPORTATION, c o m m u n i c a t i o n , and
ot her p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s 5 ---------------------------------------wh ol es al e t r a d e 6 -------------------------------------------------------RETAIL t r a de 6 --------------------------------------------------------------f i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e 6 -------------SERVICES6 7-----------------------------------------------------------------------

50
50
50
50
50
50

N um ber o f es ta b lis h m e n ts

W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m en ts
W ithin s c o p e o f study

W ithin s c o p e
o f study 3

4

Studied

Studied
N um ber

P ercent

94

52

13,864

100

9.957

14
80

10

3,5 6 2
10.302

26
74

3,213
6,744

6
1

4

1,221

19

1,333
52
5,297
1,314
2.3 0 6

10
1

40
13

38
9
17

42

1
8
10

20

52
3,114
904
1,453

1 The D aytona B e a ch Standard M e tro p o lita n S ta tis tic a l A r e a , as d efin ed by the O ffic e o f M anagem ent and Budget throu gh F e b ru a r y 1974, c o n s is t s o f V o lu s ia County.
Th e " w o r k e r s w ithin s c o p e o f s tu d y" e s tim a te s show n in th is ta b le p r o v id e a re a s o n a b ly a c c u r a te d e s c r ip tio n o f the s iz e and c o m p o s itio n o f the la b o r f o r c e includ ed in
the s u r v e y .
E s tim a te s a re not intended, h o w e v e r , fo r c o m p a r is o n w ith o th e r e m p loym en t in d exes to m e a s u r e e m p loym en t tr e n d s o r le v e ls s in c e (1) planning of w age
s u r v e y s r e q u ir e s esta b lish m e n t data c o m p ile d c o n s id e r a b ly in a d va n ce o f the p a y r o ll p e r io d stu died, and (2) s m a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts a r e ex clu d ed fr o m the s c o p e o f the su rvey.
2 The 1967 edition o f the Standard In d u strial C la s s ific a t io n M anual w as u se d in c la s s ify in g e s ta b lis h m e n ts b y in d u stry d iv is io n .
3 Inclu des a ll es ta b lis h m e n ts w ith to ta l em ploym en t at o r a b o v e the m in im u m lim ita tio n . A ll o u tle ts (w ithin the area) o f c o m p a n ie s in in d u s tries such as tr a d e ,
fin a n c e , auto r e p a ir s e r v ic e , and m o tio n p ic tu re th e a te r s a r e c o n s id e r e d as 1 e sta b lish m e n t.
4 Inclu des a ll w o r k e r s in a ll e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith total e m p loym en t (w ithin the area) at o r a b ove th e m in im u m lim ita tion .
5 A b b re v ia te d to "p u b lic u t ilit ie s " in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s .
T a x ic a b s and s e r v ic e s in cid en ta l to w a te r tr a n s p o r ta tio n a r e exclu d ed .
6 T h is d iv isio n is r e p r e s e n te d in e s tim a te s fo r " a ll in d u s t r ie s " and "n o n m a n u fa ctu rin g " in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s .
S epa ra te p r e s e n ta tio n o f data is not m ade fo r one
o r m o r e o f the fo llo w in g r e a s o n s :
(1) E m ploym en t is to o sm a ll to p r o v id e enough data to m e r it s e p a ra te study, (2) the sa m p le w as not d esig n ed in itia lly to p erm it
s ep a ra te p r e s e n ta tio n , (3) r e s p o n s e w as in s u ffic ie n t o r inadequate to p e r m it s e p a r a te p r e s e n ta tio n , and (4) t h e r e is p o s s ib ilit y o f d i s c lo s u r e o f individual esta b lish m en t data.
7 H ote ls and m o t e ls ; la u n d rie s and o th e r p e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v ic e s ; a u to m o b ile r e p a ir , re n ta l, and park in g; m otion p ic tu r e s ; n on p rofit m e m b e r s h ip
o r g a n iz a tio n s (e x clu d in g r e lig io u s and c h a r ita b le o r g a n iz a tio n s ); and en gin e e rin g and a r c h ite c t u r a l s e r v ic e s .




9

Appendix B.

Occupational Descriptions

T h e p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s f o r th e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s i s to a s s i s t
it s f i e l d s t a f f in c l a s s i f y i n g in to a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y o f
p a y r o l l t i t l e s and d if f e r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b lis h m e n t t o e s t a b lis h m e n t and f r o m a r e a to
a rea .
T h is p e r m it s th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g c o m p a r a b le j o b c o n te n t.
B e c a u s e o f t h is e m p h a s is o n in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t and in t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n t e n t , th e
B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s ig n ific a n t l y f r o m t h o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r t h o s e
p r e p a r e d fo r o th e r p u r p o s e s .
In a p p ly in g t h e s e j o b d e s c r i p t i o n s , th e B u r e a u 's f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s a r e
in s t r u c t e d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s ; a p p r e n t ic e s ; l e a r n e r s ; b e g i n n e r s ; t r a i n e e s ; a nd h a n d ic a p p e d ,
p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s .

OFFICE
SECRETARY

S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d

A s s ig n e d a s p e r s o n a l s e c r e t a r y , n o r m a l l y t o o n e in d iv id u a l.
M a in ­
t a in s a c l o s e and h ig h ly r e s p o n s i v e r e la t io n s h ip to th e d a y - t o - d a y w o r k o f th e
s u p e r v is o r .
W o r k s f a i r l y in d e p e n d e n tly r e c e i v i n g a m in im u m o f d e t a ile d
s u p e r v is io n and g u id a n c e .
P e r f o r m s v a r i e d c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l d u t ie s ,
u s u a lly in c lu d in g m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :

M a y a l s o p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l and s e c r e t a r i a l t a s k s o f c o m p a r a b le
n a tu r e and d i f f i c u l t y .
T h e w o r k t y p i c a l l y r e q u i r e s k n o w le d g e o f o f f i c e r o u tin e
an d u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e o r g a n iz a t i o n , p r o g r a m s , and p r o c e d u r e s r e la t e d to
th e w o r k o f th e s u p e r v i s o r .
E x c l u s io n s

a . R e c e i v e s te le p h o n e c a l l s , p e r s o n a l c a l l e r s , and in c o m in g m a i l ,
a n s w e r s r o u tin e i n q u i r i e s , and r o u t e s t e c h n i c a l in q u ir ie s to th e p r o p e r
person s;
b.
c.
in s t r u c t e d ;
d.

E s ta b lis h e s ,
M a in ta in s th e

m a in t a in s ,

and r e v i s e s th e

s u p e r v i s o r 's

R e la y s m e s s a g e s f r o m

N ot a ll p o s i t i o n s th a t a r e t i t le d " s e c r e t a r y " p o s s e s s th e a b o v e ’" c h a r ­
a c te r is tic s .
E x a m p le s o f p o s it io n s w h ic h a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m the d e f in it io n a r e
as fo llo w s :

s u p e r v i s o r 's f i l e s ;
a. P o s it io n s
d e s crib e d ab ove;

c a le n d a r and m a k e s a p p o in t m e n ts a s

s u p e r v is o r to

b.

s u b o r d in a t e s ;

e . R e v ie w s c o r r e s p o n d e n c e , m e m o r a n d u m s , and r e p o r t s p r e p a r e d b y
o t h e r s f o r th e s u p e r v i s o r 's s ig n a t u r e to a s s u r e p r o c e d u r a l and t y p o g r a p h ic
a ccu racy;
f.

P e r fo r m s




s io n a l,

w h ic h

do

not

m eet

th e

S t e n o g r a p h e r s n o t f u lly t r a i n e d in

c . S t e n o g r a p h e r s s e r v in g a s o f f i c e
t e c h n i c a l , o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n s ;

"p e r s o n a l"

se cre ta ry con cept

s e c r e t a r i a l - t y p e d u t ie s ;

a s s is ta n ts to a g ro u p o f p r o fe s ­

d . S e c r e t a r y p o s i t i o n s in w h ic h th e d u t ie s a r e e it h e r s u b s t a n t ia lly
m o r e r o u tin e o r s u b s t a n t ia lly m o r e c o m p l e x and r e s p o n s i b l e th an t h o s e c h a r ­
a c t e r i z e d in th e d e f in it io n ;

s t e n o g r a p h ic and ty p in g w o r k .

B e g in n in g w ith c a le n d a r y e a r 1976 s u r v e y s , th e B u r e a u h a s g r o u p e d o c c u p a t io n s s tu d ie d in it s
a r e a w a g e s u r v e y s in to jo b f a m i l i e s in o r d e r to p r e s e n t in f o r m a t io n on r e la t e d o c c u p a t io n s in s e q u e n c e .
J o b f a m i l i e s h a v e n ot b e e n t i t le d , h o w e v e r , s in c e d o in g s o m ig h t h a v e a d d e d e x t r a n e o u s e le m e n t s to th e
jo b m a t c h in g p r o c e s s .
T h e B u r e a u h a s a l s o r e v i s e d s e v e r a l o c c u p a t io n a l t i t l e s .
w o r d o r d e r and a r e m o r e d e s c r i p t i v e o f th e s u r v e y j o b s .

10

T h e tit le s m o r e n e a r ly r e fle c t u su a l

S E C R E T A R Y— C o n tin u e d

S E C R E T A R Y — C o n tin u e d

E x c l u s i o n s — C o n tin u e d

C la s s C

e.
A s s i s t a n t - t y p e p o s it io n s w h ic h in v o lv e m o r e d if f ic u l t o r m o r e
1. S e c r e t a r y to an e x e c u t iv e o r m a n a g e r ia l p e r s o n w h o s e r e s p o n ­
r e s p o n s i b l e t e c h n ic a l, a d m in is t r a t iv e , s u p e r v i s o r y , o r s p e c i a l i z e d c l e r i c a l
s ib i l i t y is n o t e q u iv a le n t to o n e o f th e s p e c i f i c l e v e l s itu a tio n s in th e d e fin it io n
d u t ie s w h ic h a r e n o t t y p i c a l o f s e c r e t a r i a l w o r k .
f o r c l a s s B , but w h o s e o r g a n iz a t i o n a l u n it n o r m a lly n u m b e r s at le a s t s e v e r a l
d o z e n e m p lo y e e s and is u s u a lly d iv id e d in to o r g a n iz a t i o n a l s e g m e n ts w h ic h a r e
o f t e n , in tu r n , fu r t h e r s u b d iv id e d .
In s o m e c o m p a n ie s , th is l e v e l in c lu d e s a
N O T E : T h e t e r m " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r , " u s e d in the l e v e l d e f in it io n s
w id e r a n g e o f o r g a n iz a t i o n a l e c h e l o n s ; in o t h e r s , o n ly o n e o r tw o ; o r
f o llo w in g , r e f e r s to t h o s e o f f i c i a l s w h o h a v e a s ig n ific a n t c o r p o r a t e w id e
p o li c y m a k in g r o l e w ith r e g a r d to m a j o r c o m p a n y a c t i v i t i e s .
T h e t i t le " v i c e
2 . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . ( o r
p r e s id e n t , " th ou gh n o r m a lly in d ic a t iv e o f th is r o l e , d o e s n o t in a ll c a s e s
o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th at e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r th a n 5 ,0 0 0
id e n t i fy s u ch p o s i t i o n s .
V ic e p r e s id e n t s w h o s e p r i m a r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y is to
p erson s.
a c t p e r s o n a l l y on in d iv id u a l c a s e s o r t r a n s a c t io n s ( e . g . , a p p r o v e o r d e n y
in d iv id u a l lo a n o r c r e d i t a c t i o n s ; a d m in is t e r in d iv id u a l t r u s t a c c o u n t s ; d i r e c t l y
C la s s D
s u p e r v i s e a c l e r i c a l s ta ff) a r e n ot c o n s i d e r e d to b e " c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r s " f o r
1. S e c r e t a r y to th e s u p e r v i s o r o r h e a d o f a s m a ll o r g a n iz a t i o n a l unit
p u r p o s e s o f a p p ly in g th e f o llo w in g l e v e l d e f i n i t i o n s .
( e . g . , f e w e r th a n a b ou t 25 o r 30 p e r s o n s ) ; o £
2 . S e c r e t a r y to a n o n s u p e r v is o r y s t a f f s p e c i a l i s t , p r o f e s s i o n a l
e m p l o y e e , a d m in is t r a t iv e o f f i c e r , o r a s s i s t a n t , s k ille d t e c h n ic ia n , o r e x p e r t .
(N O T E :
M a n y c o m p a n ie s a s s i g n s t e n o g r a p h e r s , r a t h e r th an s e c r e t a r i e s a s
d e s c r i b e d a b o v e , to t h is l e v e l o f s u p e r v i s o r y o r n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r .)

C la s s A
1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y
th a t e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but f e w e r th an 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

STEN OGRAPH ER
2. S e c r e t a r y t o a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r ( o t h e r th an the c h a ir m a n o f th e
b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 5, 000 but f e w e r
th an 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

P r i m a r y du ty is to ta k e d ic t a t io n u s in g s h o r t h a n d , and t o t r a n s c r i b e
th e d ic t a t io n .
M a y a ls o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n c o p y .
M ay o p e ra te fr o m a sten o­
g r a p h ic p o o l.
M a y o c c a s i o n a l l y t r a n s c r i b e f r o m v o i c e r e c o r d i n g s ( i f p r im a r y
d u ty is t r a n s c r i b i n g f r o m r e c o r d i n g s , s e e T r a n s c r ib in g - M a c h in e T y p is t ) .

3. S e c r e t a r y to the h e a d , im m e d i a t e ly b e lo w the c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r
l e v e l , o f a m a j o r s e g m e n t o r s u b s id i a r y o f a c o m p a n y that e m p lo y s , in a ll,
o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .

NOTE:
T h is jo b i s d is t in g u is h e d f r o m th at o f a s e c r e t a r y in th at a
s e c r e t a r y n o r m a lly w o r k s in a c o n fid e n t ia l r e la t io n s h ip w ith o n ly on e m a n a g e r
o r e x e c u t iv e and p e r f o r m s m o r e
r e s p o n s ib le and d i s c r e t i o n a r y ta s k s a s
d e s c r i b e d in th e s e c r e t a r y jo b d e fin it io n .

C la s s B
1. S e c r e t a r y to th e c h a ir m a n o f th e b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t o f a c o m p a n y
th a t e m p l o y s , in a l l , f e w e r than 100 p e r s o n s ; o r

S te n o g ra p h e r, G e n e ra l

keep

2 . S e c r e t a r y to a c o r p o r a t e o f f i c e r (o t h e r th an th e c h a ir m a n o f the
b o a r d o r p r e s id e n t ) o f a c o m p a n y th at e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 100 but f e w e r
th a n 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r

S t e n o g r a p h e r , S e n io r
D ic t a t io n in v o lv e s a v a r ie d t e c h n ic a l o r s p e c i a l i z e d v o c a b u la r y su ch
a s in le g a l b r i e f s o r r e p o r t s on s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h .
M a y a ls o s e t up and
m a in ta in f i l e s , k e e p r e c o r d s , e t c .

3. S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d , im m e d i a t e ly b e lo w th e o f f i c e r l e v e l , o v e r
e it h e r a m a j o r c o r p o r a t i o n w id e f u n c t io n a l a c t iv it y ( e . g . , m a r k e t in g , r e s e a r c h ,
o p e r a t io n s , in d u s t r ia l r e l a t i o n s , e t c . ) £ r a m a j o r g e o g r a p h ic o r o r g a n iz a t i o n a l
s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a r e g io n a l h e a d q u a r t e r s ; a m a j o r d iv is io n ) o f a c o m p a n y th at
e m p l o y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 but f e w e r than 2 5 ,0 0 0 e m p l o y e e s ; o r

OR
P e r f o r m s s t e n o g r a p h ic d u tie s r e q u ir in g s ig n ific a n t ly g r e a t e r in d e ­
p e n d e n c e and r e s p o n s i b i l i t y than s t e n o g r a p h e r , g e n e r a l a s e v id e n c e d b y the
f o llo w in g :
W o r k r e q u i r e s a h igh d e g r e e o f s t e n o g r a p h ic s p e e d and a c c u r a c y ;
a th o r o u g h w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f g e n e r a l b u s in e s s and o f f i c e p r o c e d u r e ; and
o f th e s p e c i f i c b u s in e s s o p e r a t i o n s , o r g a n iz a t i o n , p o l i c i e s , p r o c e d u r e s , f i l e s ,
w o r k f lo w , e t c .
U s e s t h is k n o w le d g e in p e r f o r m i n g s t e n o g r a p h ic d u tie s and
r e s p o n s i b l e c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s m a in ta in in g fo llo w u p f i l e s ; a s s e m b lin g
m a t e r i a l f o r r e p o r t s , m e m o r a n d u m s , and l e t t e r s ; c o m p o s in g s im p le le t t e r s
f r o m g e n e r a l i n s t r u c t i o n s ; r e a d in g and r o u tin g in c o m in g m a il ; and a n s w e r in g
r o u tin e q u e s t io n s , e t c .

4 . S e c r e t a r y to th e h ea d o f an in d iv id u a l p la n t, f a c t o r y , e t c . ( o r
o t h e r e q u iv a le n t l e v e l o f o f f i c i a l ) th a t e m p lo y s , in a ll, o v e r 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s ; o r
5 . S e c r e t a r y to th e h e a d o f a la r g e and im p o r t a n t o r g a n iz a t i o n a l
s e g m e n t ( e . g . , a m id d le m a n a g e m e n t s u p e r v i s o r o f an o r g a n iz a t i o n a l s e g m e n t
o ft e n in v o lv in g a s m a n y a s s e v e r a l h u n d re d p e r s o n s ) o r a c o m p a n y that
e m p lo y s , in a l l , o v e r 2 5 ,0 0 0 p e r s o n s .




D ic t a t io n in v o lv e s a n o r m a l r o u tin e v o c a b u la r y .
M a y m a in ta in f i l e s ,
s im p le r e c o r d s , o r p e r f o r m o t h e r r e l a t i v e l y r o u tin e c l e r i c a l t a s k s .

11

T R A N S C R I B I N G -M A C H IN E T Y P I S T

S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R

P r i m a r y d u ty i s to t r a n s c r i b e d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g a n o r m a l r o u tin e
v o c a b u la r y fr o m tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e r e c o r d s .
M a y a l s o ty p e f r o m w r it t e n
c o p y and d o s im p le c l e r i c a l w o r k .
W o r k e r s t r a n s c r i b i n g d ic t a t io n in v o lv in g
a v a r ie d te c h n ic a l o r s p e c ia liz e d v o c a b u la r y su ch as le g a l b r ie fs o r r e p o r ts
o h s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h a r e n o t in c lu d e d .
A w o r k e r w h o t a k e s d ic t a t io n in
s h o r th a n d o r b y S te n o ty p e o r s i m i l a r m a c h in e i s c l a s s i f i e d a s a s t e n o g r a p h e r .

C la s s A .
O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n te le p h o n e s w it c h ­
b o a r d h a n d lin g i n c o m in g , o u tg o in g , in tr a p la n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s .
P e r f o r m s f u ll
t e le p h o n e in f o r m a t io n s e r v i c e o r h a n d le s c o m p l e x c a l l s , s u c h as c o n f e r e n c e ,
c o l l e c t , o v e r s e a s , o r s i m i l a r c a l l s , e it h e r in a d d itio n to d o in g r o u tin e w o r k
a s d e s c r i b e d f o r s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r , c l a s s B , o r a s a f u l l - t i m e a s s ig n m e n t .
( " F u l l " t e le p h o n e in f o r m a t io n s e r v i c e o c c u r s w h e n th e e s t a b lis h m e n t h as
v a r i e d fu n c t io n s th a t a r e n ot r e a d i l y u n d e r s t a n d a b le f o r t e le p h o n e in fo r m a t io n
p u r p o s e s , e . g . , b e c a u s e o f o v e r la p p in g o r in t e r r e l a t e d f u n c t io n s , and c o n s e ­
q u e n tly p r e s e n t f r e q u e n t p r o b l e m s a s t o w h ic h e x t e n s io n s a r e a p p r o p r ia t e
f o r c a lls .)

T Y P IS T
U s e s a t y p e w r i t e r to m a k e c o p i e s o f v a r io u s m a t e r i a l s o r to m a k e
ou t b i l l s a ft e r c a lc u la t io n s h a v e b e e n m a d e b y a n o t h e r p e r s o n .
M a y in c lu d e
ty p in g o f s t e n c i l s , m a t s , o r s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s f o r u s e in d u p lic a t in g p r o ­
cesses.
M a y d o c l e r i c a l w o r k in v o lv in g lit t le s p e c i a l t r a in in g , s u ch a s
k e e p in g s im p le r e c o r d s , f ilin g r e c o r d s and r e p o r t s , o r s o r t in g and d is t r ib u t in g
in c o m in g m a il .
C la s s A .
P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : T y p in g m a t e r i a l
in f in a l f o r m w h e n it in v o lv e s c o m b in in g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l s o u r c e s ; o r
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r c o r r e c t s p e llin g , s y lla b ic a t i o n , p u n c tu a tio n , e t c . , o f t e c h ­
n i c a l o r u n u s u a l w o r d s o r f o r e i g n la n g u a g e m a t e r i a l ; o r p la n n in g la y o u t and
ty p in g o f c o m p l i c a t e d s t a t i s t i c a l t a b le s to m a in ta in u n if o r m it y and b a la n c e in
s p a c in g . M a y ty p e r o u tin e f o r m l e t t e r s , v a r y in g d e t a ils t o su it c i r c u m s t a n c e s .
C la s s
rou gh o r c le a r
o r s e tt in g up
a lr e a d y s e t up

B.
P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
C o p y ty p in g f r o m
d r a f t s ; o r r o u tin e ty p in g o f f o r m s , in s u r a n c e p o l i c i e s , e t c . ;
s im p le s ta n d a r d t a b u la t io n s ; o r c o p y in g m o r e c o m p l e x t a b le s
and s p a c e d p r o p e r l y .

F IL E C L E R K
F i l e s , c l a s s i f i e s , and r e t r i e v e s m a t e r i a l in an e s t a b lis h e d f ilin g
s y ste m .
M a y p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l and m a n u a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in f i l e s .
P o s it io n s a r e c l a s s i f i e d in to l e v e l s on th e b a s i s o f th e f o llo w in g d e f in it io n s .
C la s s A .
C l a s s i f i e s a nd in d e x e s f i l e m a t e r i a l s u ch a s c o r r e s p o n d ­
e n c e , r e p o r t s , t e c h n i c a l d o c u m e n t s , e t c . , in an e s t a b lis h e d f ilin g s y s t e m
c o n ta in in g a n u m b e r o f v a r i e d s u b je c t m a t t e r f i l e s .
M a y a l s o f i l e th is
m a t e r ia l.
M a y k e e p r e c o r d s o f v a r io u s t y p e s in c o n ju n c t io n w ith th e f i l e s .
M a y le a d a s m a ll g r o u p o f lo w e r l e v e l f i l e c l e r k s .
C la s s B .
S o r t s , c o d e s , and f i l e s u n c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l b y s im p le
( s u b je c t m a t t e r ) h e a d in g s o r p a r t ly c l a s s i f i e d m a t e r i a l b y f in e r s u b h e a d in g s .
P r e p a r e s s im p le r e la t e d in d e x and c r o s s - r e f e r e n c e a id s .
A s req u ested ,
l o c a t e s c l e a r l y i d e n t i fie d m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l .
M ay
p e r fo r m
r e la t e d c l e r i c a l t a s k s r e q u i r e d t o m a in ta in and s e r v i c e f i l e s .
C la s s C .
P e r f o r m s r o u tin e f ilin g o f m a t e r i a l th a t h a s a lr e a d y b e e n
c l a s s i f i e d o r w h ic h i s e a s i l y c l a s s i f i e d in a s im p le s e r i a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
sy ste m
( e . g . , a lp h a b e t ic a l, c h r o n o l o g i c a l , o r n u m e r i c a l ) .
A s req u ested ,
l o c a t e s r e a d i l y a v a ila b le m a t e r i a l in f i l e s and f o r w a r d s m a t e r i a l ; and m a y
f i l l o u t w it h d r a w a l c h a r g e .
M a y p e r f o r m s im p le c l e r i c a l an d m a n u a l ta s k s
r e q u i r e d to m a in ta in a nd s e r v i c e f i l e s .
M ESSENGER
P e r f o r m s v a r io u s r o u tin e d u t ie s s u ch a s ru n n in g e r r a n d s , o p e r a t in g
m i n o r o f f i c e m a c h in e s s u c h a s s e a l e r s o r m a i l e r s , o p e n in g and d is t r ib u t in g
m a i l , and o t h e r m i n o r c l e r i c a l w o r k . E x c lu d e p o s it io n s th a t r e q u i r e o p e r a t io n
o f a m o t o r v e h i c l e a s a s ig n ific a n t d u ty .




C la s s B .
O p e r a t e s a s i n g l e - o r m u l t i p l e - p o s i t i o n t e le p h o n e s w it c h ­
b o a r d h a n d lin g in c o m i n g , o u t g o in g , in tr a p la n t o r o f f i c e c a l l s .
M a y h an d le
r o u t in e lo n g d is t a n c e c a l l s and r e c o r d t o l l s .
M a y p e r f o r m lim it e d te le p h o n e
in f o r m a t io n s e r v i c e .
( " L i m i t e d " t e le p h o n e i n fo r m a t io n s e r v i c e o c c u r s i f th e
fu n c t io n s o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s e r v i c e d a r e r e a d i l y u n d e r s t a n d a b le f o r t e l e ­
p h o n e in f o r m a t io n p u r p o s e s , o r i f th e r e q u e s t s a r e r o u t in e , e . g . , g iv in g
e x t e n s io n n u m b e r s w h e n s p e c i f i c n a m e s a r e f u r n is h e d , o r i f c o m p l e x c a l l s
a r e r e f e r r e d to a n o t h e r o p e r a t o r . )
T h e s e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s d o n o t in c lu d e s w it c h b o a r d o p e r a t o r s in t e l e ­
p h o n e c o m p a n ie s w h o a s s i s t c u s t o m e r s in p la c in g c a l l s .
S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T I O N I S T
In a d d itio n t o p e r f o r m i n g d u t ie s o f o p e r a t o r o n a s i n g l e - p o s i t i o n o r
m o n i t o r - t y p e s w it c h b o a r d , a c t s a s r e c e p t i o n i s t and m a y a l s o ty p e o r p e r f o r m
r o u tin e c l e r i c a l w o r k a s p a r t o f r e g u la r d u t ie s .
T h is ty p in g o r c l e r i c a l w o r k
m a y ta k e th e m a j o r p a r t o f th is w o r k e r 's t i m e w h ile at s w it c h b o a r d .
ORDER CLERK
R e c e i v e s c u s t o m e r s ' o r d e r s f o r m a t e r i a l o r m e r c h a n d is e b y m a i l ,
ph on e, o r p e r s o n a lly .
D u tie s in v o lv e a n y c o m b i n a t i o n o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
Q u o tin g p r i c e s t o c u s t o m e r s ; m a k in g o u t an o r d e r s h e e t lis t i n g th e it e m s t o
m a k e up th e o r d e r ; c h e c k in g p r i c e s a nd q u a n t it ie s o f it e m s o n o r d e r s h e e t ;
an d d is t r ib u t in g o r d e r s h e e t s to r e s p e c t i v e d e p a r t m e n t s to b e f i l l e d .
M ay
c h e c k w ith c r e d i t d e p a r t m e n t to d e t e r m i n e c r e d i t r a tin g o f c u s t o m e r , a c k n o w l­
e d g e r e c e i p t o f o r d e r s f r o m c u s t o m e r s , f o l l o w up o r d e r s t o s e e th at th e y
h a v e b e e n f i l l e d , k e e p f i l e o f o r d e r s r e c e i v e d , and c h e c k sh ip p in g i n v o i c e s
w ith o r i g i n a l o r d e r s .
A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K
P e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l t a s k s s u c h a s p o s t in g to
r e g i s t e r s and l e d g e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; v e r i f y i n g th e in t e r n a l c o n ­
s i s t e n c y , c o m p l e t e n e s s , a nd m a t h e m a t ic a l a c c u r a c y o f a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ;
a s s ig n in g p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n c o d e s ; e x a m in in g and v e r i f y i n g
f o r c l e r i c a l a c c u r a c y v a r io u s t y p e s o f r e p o r t s , l i s t s , c a l c u l a t i o n s , p o s t in g ,
e t c . ; o r p r e p a r in g s im p le o r a s s i s t i n g in p r e p a r in g m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d jo u r n a l
vou ch ers.
M a y w o r k in e it h e r a m a n u a l o r a u t o m a t e d a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m .
T h e w o r k r e q u i r e s a k n o w le d g e o f c l e r i c a l m e t h o d s and o f f i c e p r a c ­
t i c e s and p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h r e l a t e s t o th e c l e r i c a l p r o c e s s i n g and r e c o r d i n g
o f t r a n s a c t io n s an d a c c o u n t in g in f o r m a t io n .
W ith e x p e r i e n c e , th e w o r k e r
t y p i c a l l y b e c o m e s f a m i l i a r w ith th e b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g t e r m s and
p r o c e d u r e s u s e d in th e a s s i g n e d w o r k , b u t i s n o t r e q u i r e d to h a v e a k n o w le d g e
o f th e f o r m a l p r i n c i p l e s o f b o o k k e e p in g and a c c o u n t in g .
P o s it io n s
d e f in it io n s .

are

c la s s ifie d

in to

le v e ls

on

th e

b a s i s o f th e f o llo w in g

A C C O U N T IN G C L E R K — C o n tin u e d

M A C H IN E B I L L E R — C o n tin u e d

C la s s A .
U n d er g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n , p e r f o r i n s a c c o u n t in g c l e r i c a l
o p e r a t io n s w h ic h r e q u ir e th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r i e n c e and ju d g m e n t , f o r
e x a m p le , c l e r i c a l l y p r o c e s s i n g c o m p lic a t e d o r n o n r e p e t it iv e a c c o u n t in g t r a n s ­
a c t i o n s , s e le c t in g a m o n g a s u b s ta n tia l v a r ie t y o f p r e s c r i b e d a c c o u n t in g c o d e s
an d c l a s s i f i c a t i o n s , o r t r a c in g t r a n s a c t io n s th r o u g h p r e v io u s a c c o u n t in g
a c t i o n s to d e t e r m in e s o u r c e o f d i s c r e p a n c i e s .
M a y b e a s s i s t e d b y on e o r
m o r e c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s .

B o o k k e e p i n g - m a c h in e b i l l e r .
U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r
w ith o u t a t y p e w r it e r k e y b o a r d ) t o p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b ills a s p a r t o f th e
a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t io n .
G e n e r a l ly i n v o lv e s th e s im u lta n e o u s e n t r y o f
f i g u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' le d g e r r e c o r d . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s
f i g u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u t e s and u s u a lly p r in t s
a u t o m a t ic a lly th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a la n c e s .
D o e s n o t in v o lv e a k n o w le d g e
o f b o o k k e e p in g .
W ork s fr o m
u n if o r m
and s ta n d a r d ty p e s o f s a le s and
c r e d it s lip s .

C la s s B .
U n d er c l o s e s u p e r v is io n , f o llo w in g d e t a ile d in s t r u c t io n s
and s t a n d a r d iz e d p r o c e d u r e s , p e r f o r m s o n e o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g c l e r ­
i c a l o p e r a t i o n s , s u ch a s p o s t in g to l e d g e r s , c a r d s , o r w o r k s h e e t s w h e r e
i d e n t i f ic a t io n o f it e m s and lo c a t io n s o f p o s t in g s a r e c l e a r l y in d ic a t e d ; c h e c k in g
a c c u r a c y and c o m p l e t e n e s s o f s t a n d a r d iz e d and r e p e t it iv e r e c o r d s o r
a c c o u n t in g d o c u m e n t s ; and c o d i n g
d o c u m e n t s u s in g a fe w p r e s c r i b e d
a c c o u n t in g c o d e s .

PA Y R O LL CLERK

B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R
O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (w ith o r w ith o u t a t y p e w r it e r k e y ­
b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s .
C la s s A .
K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f and
e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s , and f a m i l i a r i t y w ith th e s t r u c t u r e
o f th e p a r t ic u la r a c c o ’ in tin g s y s t e m u s e d .
D e t e r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s and
d is t r ib u t io n o f d e b it and c r e d i t it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k .
M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o l id a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , and o t h e r r e c o r d s b y h an d.

C la s s B .
K e e p s a r e c o r d o f on e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s o f a
s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s
o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o l l , c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (n ot
in c lu d in g a s im p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r m a c h in e b i l l e r ) , c o s t d i s ­
t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , e t c .
M ay c h e c k o r a s s is t
in p r e p a r a t io n o f t r i a l b a la n c e s and p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r th e a c c o u n t in g
d e p a rtm e n t.

C o m p u t e s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y e m p lo y e e s and e n t e r s th e n e c e s s a r y
d a ta on th e p a y r o l l s h e e t s .
D u tie s in v o lv e :
C a lc u la t in g w o r k e r s ' e a r n in g s
b a s e d on t i m e o r p r o d u c t io n r e c o r d s ; and p o s t in g c a lc u la t e d d a ta o n p a y r o l l
s h e e t , s h o w in g i n fo r m a t io n s u c h a s w o r k e r 's n a m e , w o r k in g d a y s , t i m e , r a t e ,
d e d u c t io n s f o r i n s u r a n c e ,' and t o t a l w a g e s d u e .
M a y m a k e ou t p a y c h e c k s and
a s s i s t p a y m a s t e r in m a k in g up and d is t r ib u t in g p a y e n v e lo p e s .
M ay u se a
c a lc u la t in g m a c h in e .
KEYPUNCH O PERA TO R
O p e r a t e s a k e y p u n ch m a c h in e t o r e c o r d o r v e r i f y a lp h a b e tic a n d / o r
n u m e r ic d a ta on ta b u la tin g c a r d s o r o n t a p e .
P o s it io n s
d e f in it io n s .

are

c la s s ifie d

in to

le v e ls

on

th e

b a s is o f th e f o llo w in g

C la s s A .
W o r k r e q u i r e s th e a p p lic a t io n o f e x p e r ie n c e and ju d g m e n t
in s e le c t in g p r o c e d u r e s to b e f o llo w e d and in s e a r c h i n g f o r , in t e r p r e t in g ,
s e l e c t i n g , o r c o d in g it e m s to b e k e y p u n c h e d f r o m a v a r ie t y o f s o u r c e d o c u ­
m e n ts.
On o c c a s i o n m a y a l s o p e r f o r m s o m e r o u tin e k e y p u n ch w o r k .
M ay
t r a in i n e x p e r ie n c e d k e y p u n ch o p e r a t o r s .
C la s s B .
W o r k is r o u tin e and r e p e t it iv e .
U n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n
o r f o llo w in g s p e c i f i c p r o c e d u r e s o r i n s t r u c t io n s , w o r k s f r o m v a r io u s - s ta n ­
d a r d iz e d s o u r c e d o c u m e n t s w h ic h h a v e b e e n c o d e d ,, and f o llo w s s p e c i f i e d
p r o c e d u r e s w h ic h h a v e b e e n p r e s c r i b e d in d e t a il and r e q u ir e lit t le o r no
s e l e c t i n g , c o d in g , o r in t e r p r e t in g o f d a ta to b e r e c o r d e d . R e f e r s to s u p e r v i s o r
p r o b l e m s a r i s i n g f r o m e r r o n e o u s it e m s o r c o d e s o r m i s s i n g in fo r m a t io n .

M A C H IN E B I L L E R
T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R
P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , and i n v o i c e s on a m a c h in e o t h e r than an
o r d in a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r i t e r .
M a y a ls o k e e p r e c o r d s a s t o b illin g s
o r s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o t h e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n t a l to b illin g
o p e r a t io n s .
F o r w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e b i l l e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e
o f m a c h in e , a s f o l l o w s :

B il l i n g - m a c h i n e b i l l e r .
U s e s a s p e c i a l b illin g m a c h in e ( c o m b in a t io n
ty p in g an d a d d in g m a c h in e ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s and i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s '
p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in t e r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , sh ip p in g m e m o r a n d u m s , e t c .
U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e d e t e r m in e d d is c o u n t s and s h ip p in g c h a r g e s
and e n t r y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n ot b e c o m p u t e d on
th e b illin g m a c h in e , and t o t a ls w h ic h a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e d b y
m a c h in e .
T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly i n v o lv e s a l a r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p i e s
o f th e b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is o fte n d o n e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e .




O p e r a t e s on e o r a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s s u c h a s th e t a b u la t o r , c a l c u ­
l a t o r , c o l l a t o r , i n t e r p r e t e r , s o r t e r , r e p r o d u c in g p u n c h , e t c .
E x c lu d e d f r o m
th is d e fin it io n a r e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s .
A l s o e x c lu d e d a r e o p e r a t o r s o f
e l e c t r o n i c d ig it a l c o m p u t e r s , e v e n th o u g h th e y m a y a l s o o p e r a t e e l e c t r i c
a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e e q u ip m e n t.
P o s itio n s
d e f in it io n s .

are

c la s s ifie d

in to

le v e ls

on

th e

b a s is o f th e f o llo w in g

C la s s A .
P e r f o r m s c o m p l e t e r e p o r t in g and ta b u la tin g a s s ig n m e n t s
in c lu d in g d e v is i n g d if f ic u l t c o n t r o l p a n e l w ir in g u n d e r g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n .
A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e a v a r ie t y o f lo n g and c o m p le x r e p o r t s w h ic h
o fte n a r e i r r e g u l a r o r n o n r e c u r r i n g , r e q u ir in g s o m e p la n n in g o f th e n a tu r e
and s e q u e n c in g o f o p e r a t i o n s , and th e u s e o f a v a r ie t y o f m a c h in e s .
Is

T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H I N E O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d

T A B U L A T IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R — C o n tin u e d

t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e d in t r a in in g n e w o p e r a t o r s in m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s o r t r a in in g
lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s in w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and in th e o p e r a t in g s e q u e n c e s
o f lo n g and c o m p l e x r e p o r t s .
D o e s n o t in c lu d e p o s it io n s in w h ic h w ir in g
r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s lim it e d t o
s e l e c t i o n and in s e r t i o n o f p r e w i r e d b o a r d s .

th e ta b u la t o r and c a l c u l a t o r , in a d d itio n t o th e s i m p l e r m a c h in e s u s e d b y
c la s s C o p e r a to rs .
M a y b e r e q u ir e d to d o s o m e w ir in g f r o m d ia g r a m s .
M a y t r a in n e w e m p l o y e e s in b a s i c m a c h in e o p e r a t io n s .

C la s s B .
P e r f o r m s w o r k a c c o r d i n g to e s t a b lis h e d p r o c e d u r e s and
u n der s p e c ific in s tr u c tio n s .
A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e c o m p le t e b u t r o u ­
tin e and r e c u r r i n g r e p o r t s ' d r p a r t s o f l a r g e r and m o r e c o m p l e x r e p o r t s .
O p e r a t e s m o r e d if f ic u l t ta b u la tin g o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e s s u ch a s

C la s s C .
U n d e r s p e c i f i c i n s t r u c t i o n s , o p e r a t e s s im p le ta b u la tin g
o r e l e c t r i c a l a c c o u n t in g m a c h in e s s u ch a s th e s o r t e r , i n t e r p r e t e r , r e p r o d u c in g
punch, c o lla t o r , e tc .
A s s ig n m e n t s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e p o r t io n s o f a w o r k u n it,
f o r e x a m p le , in d iv id u a l s o r t i n g o r c o lla t in g r u n s , o r r e p e t it iv e o p e r a t io n s .
M ay p e r fo r m
s im p le w ir in g f r o m d i a g r a m s , and d o s o m e f ilin g w o r k .

PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL
C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A N A L Y S T , BU SIN E SS

C O M P U T E R S Y S T E M S A iN A L Y S T ,

A n a l y z e s b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s to f o r m u la t e p r o c e d u r e s f o r s o lv in g
th e m b y u s e o f e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t.
D e v e lo p s a c o m p le t e
d e s c r i p t i o n o f a ll s p e c i f i c a t i o n s n e e d e d t o e n a b le p r o g r a m m e r s to p r e p a r e
r e q u ir e d d ig it a l c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m s .
W o r k in v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g ;
A n a l y z e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r o p e r a t io n s to b e a u to m a te d a nd id e n t i fie s c o n d it io n s
and c r i t e r i a r e q u ir e d t o a c h ie v e s a t i s f a c t o r y r e s u l t s ; s p e c i f i e s n u m b e r and
ty p e s o f r e c o r d s , f i l e s , and d o c u m e n t s t o b e u s e d ; o u t lin e s a c t io n s to be
p e r f o r m e d b y p e r s o n n e l and c o m p u t e r s in s u f f ic ie n t d e t a il f o r p r e s e n t a t io n
to m a n a g e m e n t and f o r p r o g r a m m in g ( t y p ic a lly th is in v o lv e s p r e p a r a t io n o f
w o r k and d a ta f lo w c h a r t s ) ; c o o r d i n a t e s th e d e v e lo p m e n t o f t e s t p r o b l e m s and
p a r t ic ip a t e s in t r i a l r u n s o f n e w and r e v i s e d s y s t e m s ; and r e c o m m e n d s e q u ip ­
m e n t c h a n g e s to o b ta in m o r e e f f e c t i v e o v e r a l l o p e r a t i o n s .
(N O T E :
W ork ers
p e r f o r m i n g b o th s y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d a s
s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s i f t h is is th e s k ill u s e d to d e t e r m i n e t h e ir p a y .)

d e v e lo p s s y s t e m s f o r m a in ta in in g d e p o s i t o r a c c o u n t s in a b a n k , m a in ta in in g
a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e in a r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t , o r m a in ta in in g in v e n t o r y
• a ccou n ts in a m a n u fa c t u r in g o r w h o l e s a le e s t a b lis h m e n t .)
C o n f e r s w ith p e r ­
s o n s c o n c e r n e d t o d e t e r m i n e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b l e m s and a d v i s e s
s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e im p l i c a t i o n s o f th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s y s t e m s
to b e a p p lie d .

D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p l o y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r th e m a n a g e ­
m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r s y s ­
t e m s a n a ly s t s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s .
F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a s f o l l o w s :
C la s s A .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s in v o lv in g a l l p h a s e s o f s y s t e m a n a ly s is .
P r o b le m s a re
c o m p l e x b e c a u s e o f d i v e r s e s o u r c e s o f in pu t d a ta and m u l t i p l e - u s e r e q u i r e ­
m e n t s o f ou tpu t d a ta .
( F o r e x a m p le , d e v e lo p s an in t e g r a t e d p r o d u c t io n s c h e d ­
u lin g , i n v e n t o r y c o n t r o l , c o s t a n a ly s is , and s a le s a n a ly s is r e c o r d in w h ic h
e v e r y it e m o f e a c h ty p e i s a u t o m a t ic a lly p r o c e s s e d th r o u g h th e f u ll s y s t e m
o f r e c o r d s and a p p r o p r ia t e fo llo w u p a c t io n s a r e in it ia t e d b y th e c o m p u t e r .)
C o n f e r s w ith p e r s o n s c o n c e r n e d to d e t e r m i n e th e d a ta p r o c e s s i n g p r o b le m s
and a d v i s e s s u b j e c t - m a t t e r p e r s o n n e l on th e i m p l i c a t i o n s o f n e w o r r e v i s e d
s y s t e m s o f d a ta p r o c e s s i n g o p e r a t i o n s .
M akes re c o m m e n d a tio n s , if n e e d e d ,
f o r a p p r o v a l o f m a j o r s y s t e m s in s t a lla t io n s o r c h a n g e s and f o r o b ta in in g
e q u ip m e n t.
M a y p r o v id e fu n c t io n a l
w h o a r e a s s i g n e d to a s s i s t .

d ir e c tio n

to

lo w e r

le v e l s y s te m s

a n a ly s t s

C la s s B .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
p r o b l e m s th a t a r e r e l a t i v e l y u n c o m p lic a t e d to a n a ly z e , p la n , p r o g r a m , and
op era te.
P r o b l e m s a r e o f l im it e d c o m p l e x i t y b e c a u s e s o u r c e s o f in pu t d a ta
a r e h o m o g e n e o u s and th e ou tpu t d a ta a r e c l o s e l y r e la t e d .
( F o r e x a m p le ,




BU SIN E SS— C o n tin u e d

OR
W o r k s o n a s e g m e n t o f a c o m p l e x d a ta p r o c e s s i n g s c h e m e o r s y s t e m ,
as d e s crib e d fo r c la s s A .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o n r o u tin e a s s ig n m e n t s and
r e c e i v e s in s t r u c t io n and g u id a n c e o n c o m p l e x a s s i g n m e n t s .
W o r k is r e v ie w e d
f o r a c c u r a c y o f ju d g m e n t , c o m p lia n c e w ith i n s t r u c t i o n s , and t o in s u r e p r o p e r
a lig n m e n t w ith th e o v e r a l l s y s t e m .
C la s s C .
W o r k s u n d e r im m e d i a t e s u p e r v i s i o n , c a r r y i n g o u t a n a ly ­
s e s a s a s s i g n e d , u s u a lly o f a s in g le a c t i v it y .
A s s ig n m e n t s a r e d e s ig n e d to
d e v e lo p and e x p a n d p r a c t i c a l e x p e r i e n c e in th e a p p lic a t io n o f p r o c e d u r e s and
s k ills r e q u i r e d f o r s y s t e m s a n a ly s is w o r k .
F o r e x a m p le , m a y a s s i s t a -h ig h e r
l e v e l s y s t e m s a n a ly s t b y p r e p a r in g th e d e t a ile d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s r e q u ir e d b y
p r o g ra m m e rs fr o m
i n fo r m a t io n d e v e lo p e d b y th e h ig h e r l e v e l a n a ly s t .
C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U SIN E SS
C o n v e r t s s ta t e m e n ts o f b u s in e s s p r o b l e m s , t y p i c a l l y p r e p a r e d b y a
s y s t e m s a n a ly s t , in to a s e q u e n c e o f d e t a ile d i n s t r u c t io n s w h ic h a r e r e q u ir e d
to s o lv e th e p r o b l e m s b y a u t o m a t ic d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e q u ip m e n t.
W o r k in g f r o m
c h a r t s o r d i a g r a m s , th e p r o g r a m m e r d e v e lo p s th e p r e c i s e i n s t r u c t io n s w h ic h ,
w h en e n t e r e d in to th e c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in c o d e d la n g u a g e , c a u s e th e m a n ip u ­
la tio n o f d a ta to a c h ie v e d e s i r e d r e s u l t s . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
A p p l i e s k n o w le d g e o f c o m p u t e r c a p a b i l i t i e s , m a t h e m a t ic s , l o g i c e m p lo y e d b y
c o m p u t e r s , and p a r t ic u la r s u b je c t m a t t e r in v o lv e d t o a n a ly z e c h a r t s and
d ia g r a m s o f th e p r o b l e m to b e p r o g r a m m e d ; d e v e lo p s s e q u e n c e o f p r o g r a m
s t e p s ; w r i t e s d e t a ile d flo w c h a r t s t o s h o w o r d e r in w h ic h d a ta w i l l b e
p r o c e s s e d ; c o n v e r t s t h e s e c h a r t s t o c o d e d i n s t r u c t io n s f o r m a c h in e t o f o llo w ;
t e s t s and c o r r e c t s p r o g r a m s ; p r e p a r e s i n s t r u c t io n s f o r o p e r a t in g p e r s o n n e l
d u r in g p r o d u c t io n ru n ; a n a ly z e s , r e v i e w s , and a lt e r s p r o g r a m s to i n c r e a s e
o p e r a t in g e f f i c i e n c y o r a d a p t t o n e w r e q u ir e m e n t s ; m a in ta in s r e c o r d s o f
program
d e v e lo p m e n t and r e v i s i o n s .
(N O T E :
W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g b o th
s y s t e m s a n a ly s is and p r o g r a m m in g s h o u ld b e c l a s s i f i e d a s s y s t e m s a n a ly s t s
i f th is i s th e s k i l l u s e d t o d e t e r m i n e t h e ir p a y .)

14

C O M P U T E R P R O G R A M M E R , B U SIN E SS— C o n tin u e d

COM PUTER OPERATOR

D o e s n o t in c lu d e e m p lo y e e s p r i m a r i l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o t th e m a n a g e ­
m e n t o r s u p e r v is io n o f o t h e r e l e c t r o n i c d a ta p r o c e s s i n g e m p l o y e e s , o r p r o ­
g r a m m e r s p r i m a r i l y c o n c e r n e d w ith s c i e n t i f i c a n d / o r e n g in e e r in g p r o b l e m s .

M o n it o r s and o p e r a t e s th e c o n t r o l c o n s o l e o f a d ig it a l c o m p u t e r to
p r o c e s s d a ta a c c o r d i n g to o p e r a t in g i n s t r u c t i o n s , u s u a lly p r e p a r e d b y a p r o ­
gram m er.
W o r k in c lu d e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : S tu d ie s in s t r u c t io n s to
d e t e r m i n e e q u ip m e n t s e tu p and o p e r a t io n s ; lo a d s e q u ip m e n t w ith r e q u ir e d
i t e m s (ta p e r e e l s , c a r d s , e t c . ) ; s w it c h e s n e c e s s a r y a u x ilia r y e q u ip m e n t in to
c i r c u i t , and s t a r t s and o p e r a t e s c o m p u t e r ; m a k e s a d ju s tm e n t s t o c o m p u t e r to
c o r r e c t o p e r a t in g p r o b l e m s and m e e t s p e c j a l c o n d it io n s ; r e v ie w s e r r o r s m a d e
d u r in g o p e r a t io n and d e t e r m i n e s c a u s e o r r e f e r s p r o b l e m to s u p e r v i s o r o r
p r o g r a m m e r ; a nd m a in ta in s o p e r a t in g r e c o r d s .
M a y t e s t and a s s i s t in
c o r r e c tin g p ro g ra m .

F or

w age

s tu d y p u r p o s e s ,

p ro g ra m m e rs are

c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s :

C la s s A .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s W h ich r e q u ir e c o m p e t e n c e in a l l p h a s e s o f p r o g r a m m in g
c o n c e p t s and p r a c t i c e s .
W o r k in g f r o m d ia g r a m s and c h a r t s w h ic h id e n t ify
th e n a tu r e o f d e s i r e d r e s u l t s , m a j o r p r o c e s s i n g s t e p s to b e a c c o m p l i s h e d ,
a n d th e r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n v a r io u s s t e p s o f th e p r o b le m s o lv in g r o u t in e ;
p la n s th e f u l l r a n g e o f p r o g r a m m in g a c t i o n s n e e d e d t o e f f i c i e n t l y u t iliz e th e
c o m p u t e r s y s t e m in a c h ie v in g d e s i r e d en d p r o d u c t s .

A t t h is l e v e l , p r o g r a m m in g is d if f i c u l t b e c a u s e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t
m u s t b e o r g a n iz e d to p r o d u c e s e v e r a l in t e r r e l a t e d b u t d i v e r s e p r o d u c t s f r o m
n u m e r o u s and d i v e r s e d a ta e le m e n t s .
A w id e v a r i e t y and e x t e n s iv e n u m b e r
o f in t e r n a l p r o c e s s i n g a c t i o n s m u s t o c c u r .
T h is r e q u i r e s s u c h a c t io n s a s
d e v e lo p m e n t o f c o m m o n o p e r a t io n s w h ic h c a n b e r e u s e d , e s t a b lis h m e n t o f
lin k a g e p o in t s b e tw e e n o p e r a t i o n s , a d ju s tm e n t s t o d a ta w h en p r o g r a m r e q u i r e ­
m e n t s e x c e e d c o m p u t e r s t o r a g e c a p a c i t y , and s u b s ta n tia l m a n ip u la tio n and
r e s e q u e n c in g o f d a ta e le m e n t s t o f o r m a h ig h ly in t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m .

M a y p r o v id e f u n c t io n a l d i r e c t i o n to lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s w h o a r e
a s s ig n e d to a s s is t .

C la s s B .
W o r k s in d e p e n d e n tly o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n on
r e l a t i v e l y s im p le p r o g r a m s , o r on s im p le s e g m e n t s o f c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s .
P r o g r a m s ( o r s e g m e n t s ) u s u a lly p r o c e s s in fo r m a t io n t o p r o d u c e d a ta in tw o
o r t h r e e v a r ie d s e q u e n c e s o r f o r m a t s .
R e p o r t s and l is t i n g s a r e p r o d u c e d b y
r e f in in g , a d a p tin g , a r r a y in g , o r m a k in g m i n o r a d d itio n s to o r d e le t io n s f r o m
in p u t d a ta w h ic h a r e r e a d il y a v a ila b le .
W h ile n u m e r o u s r e c o r d s m a y b e
p r o c e s s e d , th e d a ta h a v e b e e n r e f in e d in p r i o r a c t i o n s s o th at th e a c c u r a c y
a nd s e q u e n c in g o f d a ta c a n b e t e s t e d b y u s in g a fe w r o u tin e c h e c k s . T y p i c a l l y ,
th e p r o g r a m d e a ls w ith r o u tin e r e c o r d k e e p in g o p e r a t io n s .
OR
W ork s
d ir e c tio n o f a
le v e l p r o g ra m m
and p e r f o r m i n g

o n c o m p l e x p r o g r a m s (a s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A ) u n d e r c l o s e
h ig h e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r o r s u p e r v i s o r .
M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r
e r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d if f ic u l t t a s k s a s s i g n e d ,
m o r e d if f ic u l t t a s k s u n d e r f a i r l y c l o s e d i r e c t i o n .

M a y g u id e o r in s t r u c t lo w e r l e v e l p r o g r a m m e r s .
C la s s C .
M a k e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a t io n s o f p r o g r a m m in g p r a c t i c e s
a nd c o n c e p t s u s u a lly le a r n e d in f o r m a l tr a in in g c o u r s e s .
A s s ig n m e n t s a r e
d e s ig n e d t o d e v e lo p c o m p e t e n c e in th e a p p lic a t io n o f s ta n d a r d p r o c e d u r e s to
r o u tin e p r o b l e m s . R e c e i v e s c l o s e s u p e r v is io n on n e w a s p e c t s o f a s s i g n m e n t s ;
and w o r k is r e v ie w e d t o v e r i f y it s a c c u r a c y and c o n f o r m a n c e w ith r e q u ir e d
procedu res.




F or

w age

stu d y

pu rposes,

com p u ter

op era tors

are

c la s s ifie d

as

fo llo w s :
C la s s A .
O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n ,
a c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s ' w ith m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s :
N ew p r o g r a m s a r e f r e q u e n t ly t e s t e d and in t r o d u c e d ; s c h e d u lin g r e q u ir e m e n t s
a r e o f c r i t i c a l im p o r t a n c e to m i n im iz e d o w n tim e ; th e p r o g r a m s a r e o f
c o m p l e x d e s ig n s o th a t id e n t i fic a t io n o f e r r o r s o u r c e o ft e n r e q u i r e s a w o r k in g
k n o w le d g e o f th e t o t a l p r o g r a m , and a lt e r n a t e p r o g r a m s m a y n o t b e a v a ila b le .
M a y g iv e d i r e c t i o n and g u id a n c e t o lo w e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r s .
C la s s B .
O p e r a t e s in d e p e n d e n tly , o r u n d e r o n ly g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n ,
a c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s w ith m o s t o f th e f o llo w in g c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s :
M o s t o f th e p r o g r a m s a r e e s t a b lis h e d p r o d u c t io n r u n s , t y p i c a l l y ru n on a
r e g u l a r l y r e c u r r i n g b a s i s ; t h e r e i s lit t le o r n o t e s t in g o f n e w p r o g r a m s
r e q u ir e d ; a lt e r n a t e p r o g r a m s a r e p r o v id e d in c a s e o r i g i n a l p r o g r a m n e e d s
m a j o r ch a n g e o r c a n n o t b e c o r r e c t e d w ith in a r e a s o n a b ly s h o r t t i m e .
In
c o m m o n e r r o r s it u a t io n s , d ia g n o s e s c a u s e and ta k e s c o r r e c t i v e a c t io n .
T h is
u s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p ly in g p r e v i o u s l y p r o g r a m m e d c o r r e c t i v e s t e p s , o r u s in g
s ta n d a r d c o r r e c t i o n t e c h n iq u e s .
OR
O p e r a t e s u n d e r d i r e c t s u p e r v is io n a c o m p u t e r ru n n in g p r o g r a m s o r
s e g m e n t s o f p r o g r a m s w ith th e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c s d e s c r i b e d f o r c l a s s A .
M ay
a s s i s t a h ig h e r l e v e l o p e r a t o r b y in d e p e n d e n tly p e r f o r m i n g l e s s d if f i c u l t ta s k s
a s s i g n e d , and p e r f o r m i n g d if f i c u l t t a s k s f o llo w in g d e t a ile d i n s t r u c t io n s and
w ith f r e q u e n t r e v i e w o f o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d .

e x p e cte d
a b ilit y to
r e c e iv e d
op erator

C la s s C .
W o r k s on r o u tin e p r o g r a m s u n d e r c l o s e s u p e r v is io n .
Is
to d e v e lo p w o r k in g k n o w le d g e o f th e c o m p u t e r e q u ip m e n t u s e d and
d e t e c t p r o b l e m s in v o lv e d in ru n n in g r o u tin e p r o g r a m s .
U s u a lly h as
s o m e f o r m a l tr a in in g in c o m p u t e r o p e r a t io n . M a y a s s i s t h ig h e r l e v e l
on c o m p le x p r o g r a m s .

DRAFTER
C la s s A .
P la n s th e g r a p h ic p r e s e n t a t io n o f c o m p l e x it e m s h a v in g
d is t in c t iv e d e s ig n f e a t u r e s th a t d i f f e r s ig n ific a n t l y f r o m e s t a b lis h e d d r a ft in g
p reced en ts.
W o r k s in c l o s e s u p p o r t w ith th e d e s ig n o r i g i n a t o r , and m a y
r e c o m m e n d m i n o r d e s ig n c h a n g e s .
A n a l y z e s th e e f f e c t o f e a c h c h a n g e o n th e
d e t a ils o f f o r m , f u n c t io n , and p o s i t i o n a l r e la t io n s h ip s o f c o m p o n e n t s and p a r t s .
W o r k s w ith a m in im u m o f s u p e r v i s o r y a s s i s t a n c e .
C o m p le t e d w o r k is
r e v ie w e d b y d e s ig n o r i g i n a t o r f o r c o n s i s t e n c y w ith p r i o r e n g in e e r in g d e t e r ­
m in a tio n s .
M a y e it h e r p r e p a r e d r a w in g s o r d i r e c t t h e ir p r e p a r a t io n b y lo w e r
le v e l d r a fte r s .

D R A F T E R — C o n tin u e d

E L E C T R O N IC S T E C H N IC IA N — C o n tin u e d

C la s s B .
P e r f o r m s n o n r o u tin e a nd c o m p l e x d r a ftin g a s s ig n m e n t s
th a t r e q u i r e th e a p p lic a t io n o f m o s t o f th e s t a n d a r d iz e d d r a w in g t e c h n iq u e s
r e g u la r ly u se d .
D u tie s t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e s u ch w o r k a s :
P r e p a r e s w o r k in g
d r a w in g s o f s u b a s s e m b l i e s w ith i r r e g u l a r s h a p e s , m u lt ip le f u n c t io n s , and
p r e c i s e p o s i t i o n a l r e la t io n s h ip s b e tw e e n c o m p o n e n t s ; p r e p a r e s a r c h i t e c t u r a l
d r a w in g s f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a b u ild in g in c lu d in g d e t a il d r a w in g s o f fo u n ­
d a t io n s , w a ll s e c t i o n s , f l o o r p la n s , and r o o f .
U s e s a c c e p t e d f o r m u l a s and
m a n u a ls in m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y c o m p u t a t io n s t o d e t e r m in e q u a n tit ie s o f
m a t e r i a l s to b e u s e d , lo a d c a p a c i t i e s , s t r e n g t h s , s t r e s s e s , e t c .
R e c e iv e s
in it ia l i n s t r u c t i o n s , r e q u i r e m e n t s , and a d v ic e f r o m s u p e r v i s o r .
C o m p le t e d
w o r k i s c h e c k e d f o r t e c h n ic a l a d e q u a c y .

T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n e x c lu d e s r e p a i r e r s o f s u ch s ta n d a r d e l e c t r o n i c
e q u ip m e n t a s c o m m o n o f f i c e m a c h in e s a nd h o u s e h o ld r a d io and t e l e v i s i o n
s e t s ; p r o d u c t io n a s s e m b l e r s and t e s t e r s ; w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u ty i s
s e r v i c i n g e l e c t r o n i c t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ; t e c h n ic ia n s w h o h a v e a d m in is t r a t iv e
o r s u p e r v i s o r y r e s p o n s i b i l i t y ; and d r a f t e r s , d e s i g n e r s , and p r o f e s s i o n a l
e n g in e e r s .

C la s s C .
P r e p a r e s d e t a il d r a w in g s o f s in g le u n its o r p a r t s f o r
e n g in e e r i n g , c o n s t r u c t i o n , m a n u fa c t u r in g , o r r e p a i r p u r p o s e s .
Types of
d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d in c lu d e i s o m e t r i c p r o je c t i o n s ( d e p ic t in g t h r e e d im e n s io n s
in a c c u r a t e s c a l e ) and s e c t i o n a l v ie w s to c l a r i f y p o s it io n in g o f c o m p o n e n t s
and c o n v e y n e e d e d in f o r m a t io n .
C o n s o l id a t e s d e t a ils f r o m a n u m b e r o f
s o u r c e s and a d ju s t s o r t r a n s p o s e s s c a le a s r e q u i r e d .
S u g g e s te d m e t h o d s o f
a p p r o a c h , a p p lic a b le p r e c e d e n t s , and a d v ic e o n s o u r c e m a t e r i a l s a r e g iv e n
w ith in it ia l a s s i g n m e n t s .
I n s t r u c t io n s a r e l e s s c o m p le t e w h en a s s ig n m e n t s
recu r.
W o r k m a y b e s p o t - c h e c k e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .

are

c la s s ifie d

in to

le v e ls

on

th e

b a s is

o f th e f o llo w in g

C la s s A . A p p lie s a d v a n c e d t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to s o lv e u n u s u a lly
c o m p l e x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y ca n n o t b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y r e f e r ­
e n c e to m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k in g o n e l e c ­
t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t.
E x a m p le s o f s u c h p r o b l e m s in c lu d e lo c a t io n and d e n s it y o f
c i r c u i t r y , e l e c t r o m a g n e t i c r a d ia t io n , is o la t in g m a lf u n c t io n s , and fr e q u e n t
e n g in e e r in g c h a n g e s .
W ork in v o lv e s :
A d e t a ile d u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e i n t e r ­
r e la t io n s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; e x e r c i s i n g in d e p e n d e n t ju d g m e n t in p e r f o r m i n g s u ch
t a s k s a s m a k in g c i r c u i t a n a ly s e s , c a lc u la t in g w a v e f o r m s , t r a c i n g r e l a t i o n ­
s h ip s in s ig n a l flo w ; and r e g u l a r l y u s in g c o m p l e x t e s t in s t r u m e n t s ( e . g . , d u a l
t r a c e o s c i l l o s c o p e s , Q - m e t e r s , d e v ia t io n m e t e r s , p u ls e g e n e r a t o r s ) .

W o r k m a y b e r e v ie w e d b y s u p e r v i s o r ( fr e q u e n t ly an e n g in e e r o r
d e s i g n e r ) f o r g e n e r a l c o m p l i a n c e w ith a c c e p t e d p r a c t i c e s .
M a y p r o v id e
t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e to lo w e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .

D R A F T E R -T R A C E R

C o p i e s p la n s and d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d b y o t h e r s b y p la c in g t r a c in g
c lo t h o r p a p e r o v e r d r a w in g s and t r a c i n g w ith p e n o r p e n c il.
( D o e s n ot
in c lu d e t r a c i n g lim it e d to p la n s p r i m a r i l y c o n s i s t in g o f s tr a ig h t lin e s and a
l a r g e s c a le n ot r e q u ir in g c l o s e d e lin e a t io n .)
A N D /O R

W o r k is

P o s itio n s
d e f in it io n s .

P r e p a r e s s im p le o r r e p e t it iv e d r a w in g s o f e a s i l y v is u a l iz e d i t e m s .
c l o s e l y s u p e r v is e d d u r in g p r o g r e s s .

C l a s s B . A p p lie s c o m p r e h e n s i v e t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e to s o l v e c o m ­
p le x p r o b l e m s ( i . e . , t h o s e th a t t y p i c a l l y c a n b e s o lv e d s o l e l y b y p r o p e r l y
in t e r p r e t in g m a n u f a c t u r e r s ' m a n u a ls o r s i m i l a r d o c u m e n t s ) in w o r k in g on
e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t .
W ork in v o lv e s :
A f a m i l i a r i t y w ith th e i n t e r r e l a t i o n ­
s h ip s o f c i r c u i t s ; a nd ju d g m e n t in d e t e r m i n in g w o r k s e q u e n c e and in s e le c t in g
t o o l s and t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s , u s u a lly l e s s c o m p l e x th a n t h o s e u s e d b y th e
c l a s s A t e c h n ic ia n .
R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n , and w o r k is r e v ie w e d f o r s p e c i f i c c o m p l i a n c e w ith a c c e p t e d
p r a c t i c e s and w o r k a s s i g n m e n t s .
M a y p r o v i d e t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e to lo w e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s .

E L E C T R O N I C S T E C H N IC IA N

W o r k s o n v a r io u s t y p e s o f e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t and r e la t e d d e v i c e s
b y p e r f o r m i n g o n e o r a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o llo w in g :
I n s t a llin g , m a in ta in in g ,
r e p a i r i n g , o v e r h a u lin g , t r o u b le s h o o t in g , m o d if y in g , c o n s t r u c t in g , and t e s t in g .
W o r k r e q u i r e s p r a c t i c a l a p p lic a t io n o f t e c h n i c a l ' k n o w le d g e o f e l e c t r o n i c s
p r i n c i p l e s , a b ilit y to d e t e r m i n e m a lf u n c t io n s , and s k i l l t o put e q u ip m e n t in
r e q u ir e d o p e r a t in g c o n d it io n .

T h e e q u ip m e n t— c o n s i s t in g o f e it h e r m a n y d if f e r e n t k in d s o f c i r c u i t s
o r m u lt ip le r e p e t it io n o f th e s a m e k in d o f c i r c u i t — in c lu d e s , but i s n ot lim it e d
t o , th e f o llo w in g :
(a) E l e c t r o n i c t r a n s m it t in g and r e c e i v i n g e q u ip m e n t ( e . g . ,
r a d a r , r a d i o , t e l e v i s i o n , t e le p h o n e , s o n a r , n a v ig a t io n a l a id s ) , (b ) d ig it a l and
a n a lo g c o m p u t e r s , and ( c ) in d u s t r ia l a nd m e d i c a l m e a s u r in g and c o n t r o lli n g
e q u ip m e n t.




C la s s C .
A p p lie s w o r k in g t e c h n i c a l k n o w le d g e t o p e r f o r m s im p le o r
r o u tin e t a s k s in w o r k in g on e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t , f o llo w in g d e t a ile d i n s t r u c ­
t io n s w h ic h c o v e r v i r t u a l l y a ll p r o c e d u r e s .
W o r k t y p i c a l l y in v o lv e s s u ch
ta sk s a s :
A s s i s t i n g h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n s b y p e r f o r m i n g s u c h a c t i v i t i e s a s
r e p la c in g c o m p o n e n t s , w ir in g c i r c u i t s , and ta k in g t e s t r e a d in g s ; r e p a ir in g
s im p le e l e c t r o n i c e q u ip m e n t; and u s in g t o o l s and c o m m o n t e s t 'i n s t r u m e n t s
( e . g . , m u l t i m e t e r s , a u d io s ig n a l g e n e r a t o r s , tu b e t e s t e r s , o s c i l l o s c o p e s ) .
Is n ot r e q u i r e d t o b e f a m i l i a r w ith th e i n t e r r e l a t i o n s h i p s o f c i r c u i t s .
T h is
k n o w le d g e , h o w e v e r , m a y b e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a s s i g n m e n t s d e s ig n e d to
i n c r e a s e c o m p e t e n c e ( in c lu d in g c l a s s r o o m
t r a in in g )
s o th a t w o r k e r ca n
a d v a n c e to h ig h e r l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n .
R e c e i v e s t e c h n i c a l g u id a n c e , a s r e q u i r e d , f r o m s u p e r v i s o r o r h ig h e r
l e v e l t e c h n ic ia n .
W o r k i s t y p i c a l l y s p o t c h e c k e d , but i s g iv e n d e t a ile d r e v ie w
w h en n e w o r a d v a n c e d a s s i g n m e n t s a r e in v o lv e d .

R E G I S T E R E D I N D U S T R IA L N U R SE

R E G IS T E R E D IN D U S T R IA L NURSE-

A r e g i s t e r e d n u r s e w h o g iv e s n u r s in g s e r v i c e u n d e r g e n e r a l m e d i c a l
d i r e c t i o n t o i l l o r in ju r e d e m p lo y e e s o r o t h e r p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e i l l o r
s u f f e r an a c c id e n t on th e p r e m i s e s o f a f a c t o r y o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .
D u t ie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o l l o w i n g : G iv in g f i r s t a id to th e i l l o r
i n ju r e d ; a tte n d in g to s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e s ' i n j u r i e s ; k e e p in g
r e c o r d s o f p a t ie n t s t r e a t e d ; p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t r e p o r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t io n o r

o t h e r p u r p o s e s ; a s s i s t i n g in p h y s i c a l e x a m in a t io n s and h e a lth e v a lu a tio n s o f
a p p lic a n t s and e m p l o y e e s ; and p la n n in g and c a r r y i n g o u t p r o g r a m s in v o lv in g
h e a lth e d u c a t io n , a c c id e n t p r e v e n t io n , e v a lu a tio n o f p la n t e n v ir o n m e n t , o r
o t h e r a c t i v i t i e s a ff e c t in g th e h e a lt h , w e l f a r e , and s a fe t y o f a ll p e r s o n n e l.
N u r s in g s u p e r v i s o r s o r h e a d n u r s e s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e th an
o n e n u r s e a r e e x c lu d e d .

o n tin u e d

MAINTENANCE, TOOLROOM, AND POWERPLANT
M A IN T E N A N C E C A R P E N T E R

M A IN T E N A N C E M A C H IN IS T

P e r f o r m s th e c a r p e n t r y d u tie s n e c e s s a r y to c o n s t r u c t and m a in ta in
in g o o d r e p a i r b u ild in g w o o d w o r k and e q u ip m e n t s u c h a s b in s , c r i b s , c o u n t e r s ,
b e n c h e s , p a r t it i o n s , d o o r s , f l o o r s , s t a i r s , c a s i n g s , and t r i m m a d e o f w o o d
in an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g and
la y in g ou t o f w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , m o d e l s , o r v e r b a l i n s t r u c t io n s ;
u s in g a v a r i e t y o f c a r p e n t e r 's h a n d t o o ls , p o r t a b le p o w e r t o o l s , and s ta n d a r d
m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to d im e n ­
s io n s o f w o r k ; and s e le c t in g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y f o r th e w o r k .
In g e n e r a l,
th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e c a r p e n t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i ­
e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g
and e x p e r i e n c e .

P r o d u c e s r e p la c e m e n t p a r t s and n e w p a r t s in m a k in g r e p a i r s o f
m e t a l p a r t s o f m e c h a n i c a l e q u ip m e n t o p e r a t e d in an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o rk
i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n t e r p r e t in g w r it t e n in s t r u c t io n s and s p e c i ­
f i c a t i o n s ; p la n n in g and la y in g o u t o f w o r k ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f m a c h i n i s t 's
h a n d t o o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u m e n t s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g
s ta n d a r d m a c h in e t o o l s ; s h a p in g o f m e t a l p a r t s to c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; m a k in g
s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , t o o l in g , f e e d s ,
a nd s p e e d s o f m a c h in in g ; k n o w le d g e o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f th e c o m m o n
m e t a l s ; s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d m a t e r i a l s , p a r t s , and e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r th is
w o r k ; and fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g p a r t s in to m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t. In g e n e r a l,
th e m a c h i n i s t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d tr a in in g in m a c h i n e - s h o p
p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t
tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E E L E C T R I C I A N
M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC (M a c h in e r y )
R e p a ir s m a c h in e r y o r m e c h a n ic a l e q u ip m e n t o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
E x a m in in g m a c h in e s and m e c h a n i c a l
e q u ip m e n t to d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b le ; d is m a n t lin g o r p a r t ly d is m a n t lin g
m a c h in e s and p e r f o r m i n g r e p a i r s th a t m a in ly in v o lv e th e u s e o f h a n d t o o ls in
s c r a p in g and fitt in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s w ith it e m s
o b ta in e d f r o m s t o c k ; o r d e r i n g th e p r o d u c t io n o f a r e p la c e m e n t p a r t b y a
m a c h in e s h o p o r s e n d in g the. m a c h in e to a m a c h in e s h o p f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s ;
p r e p a r in g w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s f o r m a j o r r e p a i r s o r f o r th e p r o d u c t io n o f
p a r t s o r d e r e d f r o m m a c h in e s h o p s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g m a c h in e s ; and m a k in g a ll
n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s f o r o p e r a t io n .
In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f a m a c h in e r y
m a in t e n a n c e m e c h a n ic r e q u i r e s
r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly
a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i ­
en ce.
E x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a r e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r im a r y d u tie s
in v o lv e s e tt in g up o r a d ju s tin g m a c h in e s .

P e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l t r a d e fu n c t io n s su ch a s th e i n s t a l ­
la t io n , m a in t e n a n c e , o r r e p a ir o f e q u ip m e n t f o r th e g e n e r a t io n , d is t r ib u t io n ,
o r u t iliz a t io n o f e l e c t r i c e n e r g y in an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W ork in v o lv e s m ost
o f th e f o l l o w i n g : I n s t a llin g o r r e p a ir in g a n y o f a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip ­
m e n t s u c h a s g e n e r a t o r s , t r a n s f o r m e r s , s w it c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t
b r e a k e r s , m o t o r s , h e a tin g u n it s , c o n d u it s y s t e m s , o r o th e r t r a n s m i s s i o n
e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k in g f r o m b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , la y o u t s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i ­
c a t i o n s ; lo c a t in g and d ia g n o s in g t r o u b le in th e e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m o r e q u ip ­
m e n t ; w o r k in g s ta n d a r d c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to lo a d r e q u ir e m e n t s o f w ir in g
o r e l e c t r i c a l e q u ip m e n t; and u s in g a v a r ie t y o f e l e c t r i c i a n 's h a n d t o o ls and
m e a s u r in g and t e s t in g in s t r u m e n t s .
In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e
e l e c t r i c i a n r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h
a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC ( M o t o r V e h i c l e s )

M A IN T E N A N C E P A I N T E R

P a in ts and r e d e c o r a t e s w a l l s , w o o d w o r k , and f ix t u r e s o f an e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t .
W o r k in v o lv e s th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e o f s u r f a c e p e c u l i a r i t i e s
an d t y p e s o f p a in t r e q u ir e d f o r d if f e r e n t a p p lic a t io n s ; p r e p a r in g s u r f a c e f o r
p a in tin g b y r e m o v in g o ld f in is h o r b y p la c in g pu tty o r f i l l e r in n a il h o le s and
i n t e r s t i c e s ; and a p p ly in g p a in t w ith s p r a y gun o r b r u s h .
M ay m ix c o lo r s ,
o i l s , w h ite le a d , an d o t h e r p a in t in g r e d ie n t s to o b ta in p r o p e r c o l o r o r
c o n s i s t e n c y . In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p a in t e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d
t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r
e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .




R e p a i r s a u t o m o b ile s , b u s e s , m o t o r t r u c k s , and t r a c t o r s o f an e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t . W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g ; E x a m in in g a u t o m o t iv e e q u ip ­
m e n t t o d ia g n o s e s o u r c e o f t r o u b l e ; d i s a s s e m b l i n g e q u ip m e n t and p e r f o r m i n g
r e p a i r s th a t in v o lv e th e u s e o f s u c h h a n d t o o ls a s w r e n c h e s , g a u g e s , d r i l l s ,
o r s p e c i a l i z e d e q u ip m e n t in d i s a s s e m b l i n g o r fit t in g p a r t s ; r e p la c in g b r o k e n
o r d e f e c t i v e p a r t s f r o m s t o c k ; g r in d in g and a d ju s tin g v a l v e s ; r e a s s e m b l i n g and
in s t a llin g th e v a r i o u s a s s e m b l i e s in th e v e h i c l e and m a k in g n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t ­
m e n t s ; and a lig n in g w h e e l s , a d ju s tin g b r a k e s and lig h t s , o r tig h te n in g b o d y
b o-lts.
In g e n e r a l , th e w o r k o f th e m o t o r v e h i c l e m a in te n a n c e m e c h a n ic
r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .

17

M A IN T E N A N C E M E C H A N IC ( M o t o r V e h i c l e s ) — C o n tin u e d

M A C H I N E -T O O L O P E R A T O R ( T o o l r o o m )

T h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n d o e s n o t in c lu d e m e c h a n ic s w h o r e p a i r c u s t o m e r s '
v e h i c l e s in a u t o m o b ile r e p a i r s h o p s .

S p e c i a l i z e s in th e o p e r a t io n o f o n e o r m o r e t y p e s o f m a c h in e t o o l s ,
s u c h a s j i g b o r e r s , c y l i n d r i c a l o r s u r f a c e g r i n d e r s ; e n g in e la t h e s ; o r m i llin g
m a c h in e s , in th e c o n s t r u c t io n o f m a c h i n e - s h o p to o ls -, g a u g e s , j i g s , f i x t u r e s ,
o r d ie s .
W o r k in v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g and p e r f o r m in g
d i f f i c u l t m a c h in in g o p e r a t io n s ; p r o c e s s i n g it e m s r e q u ir in g c o m p lic a t e d s e tu p s
o r a h ig h d e g r e e o f a c c u r a c y ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g i n s t r u ­
m e n t s ; s e l e c t i n g f e e d s , s p e e d s , t o o l in g , and o p e r a t io n s e q u e n c e ; and m a k in g
n e c e s s a r y a d ju s t m e n t s d u r in g o p e r a t io n t o a c h ie v e r e q u is i t e t o l e r a n c e s o r
d im e n s i o n s .
M a y b e r e q u i r e d to r e c o g n i z e w h e n t o o l s n e e d d r e s s i n g , to
d r e s s t o o l s , and t o s e l e c t p r o p e r c o o la n t s and c u ttin g and lu b r ic a t in g o i l s .
F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h i n e - t o o l o p e r a t o r s ( t o o lr o o m )
in t o o l and d ie jo b b in g s h o p s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .

M A IN T E N A N C E P I P E F I T T E R
I n s t a lls o r r e p a i r s w a t e r , s t e a m , g a s , o r o t h e r t y p e s o f p ip e and
p ip e fit t in g s in an e s t a b lis h m e n t . W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
L a y in g
ou t w o r k and m e a s u r in g to lo c a t e p o s it io n o f p ip e f r o m d r a w in g s o r o t h e r
w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; c u ttin g v a r io u s s i z e s o f p ip e t o c o r r e c t le n g th s w ith
c h i s e l and h a m m e r o r o x y a c e t y le n e t o r c h o r p ip e - c u t t in g m a c h in e s ; th r e a d in g
p ip e w ith s t o c k s and d i e s ; b e n d in g p ip e b y h a n d - d r iv e n o r p o w e r - d r i v e n
m a c h in e s ; a s s e m b lin g p ip e w ith c o u p lin g s and fa s t e n in g p ip e to h a n g e r s ;
m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g t o p r e s s u r e s , f lo w , and s i z e o f
p ip e r e q u ir e d ; and m a k in g s ta n d a r d t e s t s to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r f in is h e d p ip e s
m e e t s p e c ific a tio n s .
In g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in te n a n c e p ip e fi t t e r
r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
W o r k e r s p r im a r ily
e n g a g e d in in s t a llin g and r e p a ir in g b p ild in g s a n it a tio n o r h e a tin g s y s t e m s
a re e x c lu d e d .
M A IN T E N A N C E S H E E T - M E T A L W O R K E R
F a b r i c a t e s , i n s t a l l s , and m a in ta in s in g o o d r e p a ir th e s h e e t - m e t a l
e q u ip m e n t and f ix t u r e s ( s u c h a s m a c h in e g u a r d s , g r e a s e p a n s , s h e l v e s ,
l o c k e r s , ta n k s , v e n t i l a t o r s , c h u t e s , d u c t s , m e t a l r o o f in g ) o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t .
W o r k i n v o lv e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
P la n n in g and la y in g ou t a l l t y p e s o f
s h e e t - m e t a l m a in t e n a n c e w o r k f r o m b lu e p r in t s , m o d e l s , o r o t h e r s p e c i f i ­
c a t i o n s ; s e tt in g up and o p e r a t in g a l l a v a ila b le t y p e s o f s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k in g
m a c h in e s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o ls in c u tt in g , b e n d in g , f o r m i n g , s h a p in g ,
fit t in g , a nd a s s e m b l i n g ; and in s t a llin g s h e e t - m e t a l a r t i c l e s a s r e q u i r e d .
In
g e n e r a l, th e w o r k o f th e m a in t e n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r r e q u i r e s r o u n d e d
tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r
e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
M IL L W R IG H T
I n s t a lls n e w m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t , and d is m a n t le s and
i n s t a lls m a c h in e s o r h e a v y e q u ip m e n t w h e n c h a n g e s in th e p la n t la y o u t a r e
r e q u ir e d .
W o r k i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g ;
P la n n in g and la y in g ou t
w o r k ; in t e r p r e t in g b lu e p r in t s o r o t h e r s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s in g a v a r i e t y o f h a n d t o o l s and r ig g in g ; m a k in g s ta n d a r d s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g to s t r e s s e s ,
s tr e n g t h o f m a t e r i a l s , and c e n t e r s o f g r a v it y ; a lig n in g and b a la n c in g e q u ip ­
m e n t ; s e le c t in g s ta n d a r d t o o l s , e q u ip m e n t, and p a r t s to be u s e d ; and in s t a llin g
and m a in ta in in g in g o o d o r d e r p o w e r t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t s u ch a s d r i v e s
and s p e e d r e d u c e r s .
In g e n e r a l, th e m i l l w r i g h t 's w o r k n o r m a lly r e q u i r e s a
r o u n d e d tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e in th e tr a d e a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t t r a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
M A IN T E N A N C E T R A D E S H E L P E R
A s s i s t s o n e o r m o r e w o r k e r s in th e s k ille d m a in te n a n c e t r a d e s , b y
p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u t ie s o f l e s s e r s k i l l , s u ch a s k e e p in g a
w o r k e r s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r i a l s and t o o l s ; c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a , m a c h in e ,
and e q u ip m e n t; a s s i s t i n g jo u r n e y m a n b y h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s o r t o o l s ; and p e r ­
f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k ille d t a s k s a s d i r e c t e d b y jo u r n e y m a n .
T h e k in d o f w o r k
th e h e lp e r i s p e r m it t e d t o p e r f o r m v a r i e s f r o m t r a d e to t r a d e :
In s o m e
t r a d e s th e h e lp e r i s c o n fin e d t o s u p p ly in g , lif t in g , and h o ld in g m a t e r i a l s and
t o o l s , and c le a n in g w o r k in g a r e a s ; and in o t h e r s he i s p e r m it t e d to p e r f o r m
s p e c i a l i z e d m a c h in e o p e r a t i o n s , o r p a r t s o f a t r a d e th a t a r e a ls o p e r f o r m e d
b y w o r k e r s on a fu ll-t im e b a s is .




T O O L A N D D IE M A K E R
C o n s t r u c t s and r e p a i r s m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , g a u g e s , j i g s , f ix t u r e s
o r d ie s f o r f o r g i n g s , p u n c h in g , and o t h e r m e t a l - f o r m i n g w o r k .
W o rk
i n v o l v e s m o s t o f th e f o l l o w i n g ;
P la n n in g and la y in g o u t w o r k a c c o r d i n g to
m o d e l s , b lu e p r in t s , d r a w in g s , o r o t h e r o r a l and w r it t e n s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; u s in g
a v a r i e t y o f t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's h a n d t o o ls and p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r in g in s t r u ­
m e n t s ; u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e w o r k in g p r o p e r t i e s o f c o m m o n m e t a ls a nd a l l o y s ;
s e tt in g up a nd o p e r a t in g o f m a c h in e t o o l s and r e la t e d e q u ip m e n t; m a k in g
n e c e s s a r y s h o p c o m p u t a t io n s r e la t in g t o d im e n s io n s o f w o r k , s p e e d s , f e e d s ,
a nd t o o l in g o f m a c h in e s ; h e a t -t r e a t i n g o f m e t a l p a r t s d u r in g f a b r i c a t i o n a s
w e l l a s o f f in is h e d t o o l s and d ie s t o a c h ie v e r e q u i r e d q u a lit ie s ; w o r k in g to
c l o s e t o l e r a n c e s ; fitt in g and a s s e m b lin g o f p a r t s to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r a n c e s
and a llo w a n c e s ; and s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r ia t e m a t e r i a l s , t o o l s , and p r o c e s s e s .
In g e n e r a l , th e t o o l and d ie m a k e r 's w o r k r e q u i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a in in g in
m a c h i n e - s h o p an d t o o l r o o m
p r a c t i c e u s u a lly a c q u ir e d th r o u g h a f o r m a l
a p p r e n t ic e s h ip o r e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and e x p e r i e n c e .
F o r c r o s s - i n d u s t r y w a g e s tu d y p u r p o s e s , t o o l and d ie m a k e r s in
t o o l and d ie jo b b in g s h o p s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m t h is c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .

S T A T IO N A R Y E N G IN E E R
O p e r a t e s an d m a in t a in s and 'm a y a l s o s u p e r v is e the o p e r a t io n o f
s t a t io n a r y e n g in e s and e q u ip m e n t ( m e c h a n ic a l o r e l e c t r i c a l ) to s u p p ly the
e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h e m p lo y e d w ith p o w e r , h e a t, r e f r i g e r a t i o n , o r a i r c o n d it io n in g .
W ork in v o lv e s :
O p e r a t in g and m a in ta in in g e q u ip m e n t su ch as
s t e a m e n g in e s , a i r c o m p r e s s o r s , g e n e r a t o r s , m o t o r s , t u r b in e s , v e n tila t in g
and r e f r i g e r a t i n g e q u ip m e n t , s t e a m b o i l e r s and b o i l e r - f e d w a t e r p u m p s ;
m a k in g e q u ip m e n t r e p a i r s ; and k e e p in g a r e c o r d o f o p e r a t io n o f m a c h in e r y ,
t e m p e r a t u r e , and f u e l c o n s u m p t io n .
M a y a l s o s u p e r v is e t h e s e o p e r a t io n s .
H ea d o r c h ie f e n g in e e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p lo y in g m o r e th an o n e e n g in e e r
a r e e x c lu d e d .

B O IL E R T E N D E R
F ir e s
s t a t io n a r y b o i l e r s to f u r n is h th e e s t a b lis h m e n t in w h ic h
e m p lo y e d w ith h e a t , p o w e r , o r
ste a m .
F e e d s f u e ls to f i r e b y hand o r
o p e r a t e s a m e c h a n i c a l s t o k e r , g a s , o r o i l b u r n e r ; and c h e c k s w a t e r and
s a fe t y v a l v e s .
M a y c l e a n , o i l , o r a s s i s t in r e p a ir in g b o i l e r r o o m e q u ip m e n t.

MATERIAL MOVEMENT AND CUSTODIAL
T R U C K D R IV E R

W A R E H O U S E M A N — C o n tin u e d

D r iv e s a t r u c k w ith in a c it y o r in d u s t r ia l a r e a to t r a n s p o r t m a t e ­
r i a l s , m e r c h a n d i s e , e q u ip m e n t, o r w o r k e r s b e tw e e n v a r io u s t y p e s o f e s t a b ­
lis h m e n t s s u ch a s :
M a n u fa c tu r in g p la n ts , f r e ig h t d e p o t s , w a r e h o u s e s , w h o l e ­
s a le and r e t a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s , o r b e tw e e n r e t a i l
e s t a b lis h m e n t s and
c u s t o m e r s ' h o u s e s o r p la c e s o f b u s in e s s . M a y a l s o lo a d o r u n lo a d t r u c k w ith
o r w ith o u t h e l p e r s , m a k e m i n o r m e c h a n i c a l r e p a i r s , and k e e p t r u c k in g o o d
w o r k i n g ord er.
S a le s -r o u t e
and o v e r - t h e - r o a d d r i v e r s
a re e x c lu d e d .

E x c lu d e w o r k e r s w h o s e p r i m a r y d u tie s in v o lv e s h ip p in g and r e c e i v i n g
w o r k ( s e e S h ip p in g and R e c e iv in g C le r k and S h ip p in g P a c k e r ) , o r d e r f illin g
( s e e O r d e r F i l l e r ) , o r o p e r a t in g p o w e r t r u c k s ( s e e P o w e r - T r u c k O p e r a t o r ) .

O R D E R F IL L E R
F i l l s s h ip p in g o r t r a n s f e r o r d e r s f o r f in is h e d g o o d s f r o m s t o r e d
m e r c h a n d is e in a c c o r d a n c e w ith s p e c i f i c a t i o n s on s a le s s l i p s , c u s t o m e r s '
o r d e r s , o r o th e r i n s t r u c t i o n s .
M a y , in a d d itio n to f illin g o r d e r s and in d i­
c a tin g it e m s f i l l e d o r o m i t t e d , k e e p r e c o r d s o f o u tg o in g o r d e r s , r e q u is i t io n
a d d it io n a l s t o c k o r r e p o r t s h o r t s u p p lie s to s u p e r v i s o r , and p e r f o r m o th e r
r e la t e d d u t ie s .

F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , t r u c k d r i v e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y s i z e and
ty p e o f e q u ip m e n t, a s f o l l o w s :
( T r a c t o r - t r a i l e r s h o u ld be r a te d on th e b a s is
o f t r a i l e r c a p a c it y .)
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
T r u c k d r iv e r ,
T r u c k d r iv e r ,

lig h t t r u c k (u n d e r IV 2 to n s )
m e d iu m t r u c k (1 V2 to and in c lu d in g 4 t o n s )
h e a v y t r u c k ( t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to n s )
h e a v y t r u c k ( o t h e r th an t r a i l e r ) ( o v e r 4 to n s )

S H IP P IN G P A C K E R
P r e p a r e s fin is h e d p r o d u c t s f o r s h ip m e n t o r s t o r a g e b y p la c in g th e m
in s h ip p in g c o n t a i n e r s , th e s p e c i f i c o p e r a t io n s p e r f o r m e d b e in g d e p e n d e n t u pon
th e t y p e , s i z e , and n u m b e r o f u n its to b e p a c k e d , th e ty p e o f c o n t a in e r
e m p lo y e d , and m e t h o d o f s h ip m e n t.
W o r k r e q u i r e s th e p la c in g o f it e m s in
s h ip p in g c o n t a in e r s and m a y in v o lv e on e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g : K n o w le d g e
o f v a r io u s it e m s o f s t o c k in o r d e r t o v e r i f y c o n te n t; s e l e c t i o n o f a p p r o p r ia t e
ty p e and s iz e o f c o n t a in e r ; in s e r t in g e n c l o s u r e s in c o n t a in e r ; u s in g e x c e l s i o r
o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l to p r e v e n t b r e a k a g e o r d a m a g e ; c l o s i n g and s e a lin g c o n ­
t a in e r ; and a p p ly in g la b e ls o r e n t e r in g id e n t ify in g d a ta on c o n t a in e r .
P ackers
w h o a ls o m a k e w o o d e n b o x e s o r c r a t e s a r e e x c lu d e d .

S H IP P IN G A N D R E C E IV IN G C L E R K
P r e p a r e s m e r c h a n d is e f o r s h ip m e n t, o r r e c e i v e s and is r e s p o n s ib le
f o r in c o m in g s h ip m e n ts o f m e r c h a n d is e o r o t h e r m a t e r i a l s .
S h ip p in g w o r k
in v o lv e s :
A k n o w le d g e o f s h ip p in g p r o c e d u r e s , p r a c t i c e s , r o u t e s , a v a ila b le
m e a n s o f t r a n s p o r t a t io n , and r a t e s ; and p r e p a r in g r e c o r d s o f th e g o o d s
s h ip p e d , m a k in g up b i l l s o f la d in g , p o s t in g w e ig h t and sh ip p in g c h a r g e s , and
k e e p in g a f ile o f s h ip p in g r e c o r d s .
M a y d i r e c t o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g th e
m e r c h a n d i s e f o r s h ip m e n t.
R e c e iv in g w o r k i n v o l v e s :
V e r if y in g o r d ir e c t in g
o t h e r s in v e r if y in g th e c o r r e c t n e s s o f s h ip m e n ts a g a in s t b i l l s o f la d in g ,
i n v o i c e s , o r o t h e r r e c o r d s ; c h e c k in g f o r s h o r t a g e s and r e j e c t i n g d a m a g e d
g o o d s ; r o u tin g m e r c h a n d is e o r m a t e r i a l s to p r o p e r d e p a r t m e n t s ; and m a in ­
t a in in g n e c e s s a r y r e c o r d s and f i l e s .
F or w age

stu d y p u r p o s e s ,

w ork ers

are

c la s s ifie d

M A T E R I A L H A N D L IN G L A B O R E R
A w o r k e r e m p lo y e d in a w a r e h o u s e , m a n u fa c tu r in g p la n t, s t o r e , o r
o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t w h o s e d u tie s in v o lv e o n e o r m o r e o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
L o a d in g and u n lo a d in g v a r io u s m a t e r i a l s and m e r c h a n d is e on o r f r o m f r e ig h t
c a r s , t r u c k s , o r o t h e r t r a n s p o r t in g d e v i c e s ; u n p a c k in g , s h e lv in g , o r p la c in g
m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d is e in p r o p e r
s t o r a g e lo c a t io n ; and t r a n s p o r t in g
m a t e r i a l s o r m e r c h a n d is e b y h a n d tr u c k , c a r , o r w h e e l b a r r o w .
L on gshore
w o r k e r s , w h o lo a d and u n lo a d s h ip s , a r e e x c l u d e d .

as fo llo w s :

S h ip p in g c l e r k
R e c e iv in g c l e r k
S h ip p in g and r e c e i v i n g c l e r k

W AREH O U SEM AN
P O W E R -T R U C K O P E R A T O R
A s d i r e c t e d , p e r f o r m s a v a r ie t y o f w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s w h ic h r e q u ir e
an u n d e r s t a n d in g o f th e e s t a b lis h m e n t 's s t o r a g e p la n .
W o rk i n v o lv e s m o s t
o f th e f o l l o w i n g : V e r if y in g m a t e r i a l s ( o r m e r c h a n d is e ) a g a in s t r e c e iv in g
d o c u m e n t s , n o tin g and r e p o r t in g d i s c r e p a n c i e s and o b v io u s d a m a g e s ; r o u tin g
m a t e r i a l s to p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e lo c a t i o n s ; s t o r i n g , s ta c k in g , o r p a lle t iz in g
m a t e r i a l s in a c c o r d a n c e w ith p r e s c r i b e d s t o r a g e m e t h o d s ; r e a r r a n g in g and
t a k i n g in v e n t o r y o f s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s ; e x a m in in g s t o r e d m a t e r i a l s
and
r e p o r t in g d e t e r i o r a t i o n and d a m a g e ; r e m o v in g m a t e r i a l f r o m s t o r a g e and
p r e p a r in g it f o r s h ip m e n t.
M a y o p e r a t e hand o r p o w e r t r u c k s in p e r f o r m i n g
w a r e h o u s in g d u tie s .




O p e r a t e s a m a n u a lly c o n t r o l l e d g a s o l i n e - o r e l e c t r i c - p o w e r e d t r u c k
o r t r a c t o r t o t r a n s p o r t g o o d s and m a t e r i a l s o f a ll k in d s a b o u t a w a r e h o u s e ,
m a n u fa c t u r in g p la n t, o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .

tru ck ,

F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , w o r k e r s
as fo llo w s :

are

c la s s ifie d

F o r k lift o p e r a to r
P o w e r - t r u c k o p e r a t o r (o t h e r th a n f o r k lif t )

19

b y ty p e o f p o w e r -

GUARD AND W ATCHM AN

J A N IT O R , P O R T E R , O R C L E A N E R

G u ard.
P e r f o r m s r o u tin e p o l i c e d u t ie s , e it h e r at f ix e d p o s t o r on
t o u r , m a in ta in in g o r d e r , u s in g a r m s o r f o r c e w h e r e n e c e s s a r y .
I n c lu d e s
g u a r d s w h o a r e s ta t io n e d at g a te and c h e c k on id e n tity o f e m p lo y e e s and
o t h e r p e r s o n s e n t e r in g .

C le a n s and k e e p s in an o r d e r l y c o n d it io n f a c t o r y w o r k in g a r e a s and
w a s h r o o m s , o r p r e m i s e s o f an o f f i c e , a p a r t m e n t h o u s e , o r c o m m e r c i a l
o r o t h e r e s t a b lis h m e n t .
D u tie s in v o lv e a c o m b in a t io n o f th e f o l l o w i n g :
S w e e p in g , m o p p in g o r s c r u b b in g , and p o lis h in g f l o o r s ; r e m o v in g c h i p s , t r a s h ,
and o t h e r r e f u s e ; d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, f u r n it u r e , o r f i x t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l
f i x t u r e s o r t r i m m i n g s ; p r o v id in g s u p p lie s and m i n o r m a in t e n a n c e s e r v i c e s ;
a nd c le a n in g l a v a t o r i e s , s h o w e r s , and r e s t r o o m s .
W o r k e r s w ho s p e c ia liz e
in w in d o w w a s h in g a r e e x c l u d e d .

W a tc h m a n .
M akes rou nd s o f p r e m is e s
p r o p e r t y a g a in s t f i r e , t h e ft , and i l l e g a l e n t r y .




p e r io d ic a lly

in

p r o t e c t in g

20

Area Wage Surveys
A list o f the latest available bulletins is presented below . A d irectory of area wage studies including m ore lim ited studies conducted at the request ot tne
Employment Standards Administration of the U.S. Department o f Labor is available on request, Bulletins m ay be purchased from any of the BLS regional o ffices shown
on the back cov er o r from the Superintendent of Docum ents, U.S. Government Printing O ffice, Washington, D.C. 20402
A rea
A k ro n , O h io, D e c . 1975______________________________________________
A lban y—Sch en ectady—T r o y , N .Y ., Sept. 1975*_____________________
A n aheim —Santa A n a -G a r d e n G ro v e , C a lif., O ct. 1975*___________
Atlanta, G a., M ay 1976______________________________________________
A u stin , T e x ., D e c .
1 97 51 _________________________________________
B a lt im o r e , M d ., A u g. 19 7 5 1 ________________________________________
B illin g s , M o n t., J u ly 1976___________________________________________
B in gh am ton , N.Y«—P a ., J u ly 1975 __________________________________
B irm in g h a m , A la ., M a r . 1976*______________________________________
B o s to n , M a s s ., A u g. 1 9 7 5 1__________________________________________
B u ffa lo , N .Y ., O ct. 1 9 7 5 1_____________________________________________
C anton, O h io, M ay 1 9 7 6 ______________________________________________
C h atta nooga, T enn.—G a ., Sept. 1 9 7 5 1_______________________________
C h ic a g o , 111., M ay 1976______________________________________________
C in cin n a ti, O h io -K y .—Ind., M a r . 197 6______________________________
C le v e la n d , O h io, Sept. 197 5_________________________________________
C o lu m b u s, O h io, O c t . 19 7 5 1 ________________ _________________ ______
C o rp u s C h r is t i, T e x ., J u ly 1976_________________ ___________________
D a ll a s - F o r t W orth , T e x ., O ct. 1 9 7 5 1 ______________________________
D a v e n p o r t-R o c k Island—M o lin e , I o w a -I ll., F e b . 197 6____________
D ayton, O h io, D e c . 1975_____________________________________________
D aytona B e a ch , F la ., A u g. 1976 ____________________________________
D en ver—B o u ld e r , C o lo ., D e c . 197 5_________________________________
D e tr o it, M ic h ., M a r . 1 9 7 6 1__________________________________________
F o r t L a u d e rd a le —H ollyw o o d and W e s t P a lm B e a c h B o c a R a ton , F la ., A p r . 197 6_______________________________________
F r e s n o , C a lif., June 1 9 7 6 ___________________________________________
G a in e s v ille , F la ., Sept. 1975________________________________________
G re e n B ay, W is ., J u ly 1976_________________________________________
G r e e n s b o r o —W in s to n -S a le m —High P o in t, N .C ., A ug. 197 5 _________
G re e n v ille -S p a r ta n b u r g , S .C ., June 1976 1________________________
H a r tfo r d , C on n ., M a r . 197 6 _________________________________________
H ouston, T e x ., A p r . 1 97 6____________________________________________
H u n tsv ille , A la ., F e b . 1976 _________________________________________
In d ia n a p o lis, Ind., O ct. 1 9 7 5 * ______________________________________
J a c k s o n , M is s ., F e b . 1976___________________________________________
J a c k s o n v ille , F l a ., D e c . 1975_______________________________________
K a n sa s C ity, M o ^ -K a n s., Sept. 197 5________________________________
L exin gton —F a y e tte , K y ., N ov. 1 9 7 5 1________________________________
L o s A n g e le s —L on g B e a ch , C a lif., O ct. 1975 1 _____________________
L o u is v ille , K y ,—Ind., N o v . 1 97 5_____________________________ _______
M e lb o u r n e -T it u s v ille —C o c o a , F l a ., A u g. 1 97 5_____________________
M e m p h is , T en n.—A r k « - M is s ., N o v . 1975___________________________




* Prices are determ in ed by the G overn m en t Printing O ffic e and are su b ject to change.
1 Data on establishm ent p ra ctice s and supplem entary w age provisions are also presented.

Bulletin number
and p rice *
1 8 5 0 -8 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 3 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 5 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 3 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 0 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 8 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 9 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 8 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 7 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -7 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 9 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 5 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 5 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 5 ,

45 ce n ts
$ 1 .2 0
85 ce n ts
85 ce n ts
75 cen ts
$ 1 .3 0
55 cents
65 ce n ts
95 ce n ts
$ 1 .5 0
95 ce n ts
55 ce n ts
85 ce n ts
$1.05
75 cen ts
$ 1 .3 0
95 cen ts
55 cen ts
$ 1 .5 0
55 ce n ts
45 ce n ts
45 ce n ts
75 cen ts
$ 1 .2 5

1 9 0 0 -2 0 ,
190 0 -2 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 7 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 7 ,
1 8 5 0 -4 9 ,
19 0 0 -3 6 ,
1900- 14,
1 9 0 0 -2 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 7 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 6 ,
1 9 0 0 -8 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 5 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 6 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 5 ,

55 cen ts
55 ce n ts
$ 1 .1 0
55 ce n ts
65 cen ts
85 cen ts
55 cen ts
85 cen ts
55 ce n ts
95 ce n ts
55 ce n ts
45 ce n ts
80 cen ts
75 cen ts
$ 1 .1 5
45 ce n ts
65 ce n ts
45 ce n ts

A rea
M ia m i, F la ., O ct. 1975________________ ___ ____ __ ______.________ ____
M ilw a u k ee, W is ., A p r . 1 97 6_____________________ ________ _____ _____
M in n e a p o lis—St. P a u l, M in n ^ W is ., Jan. 1976_____________________
N a s s a u -S u ffo ik , N .Y ., June 1976___________________________________
N ew ark, N .J ., Jan. 197 6_____________________________________________
N ew O rle a n s , L a ., Jan. 19 7 6 _______________________________________
N ew Y o r k , N .Y .- N .J ., M ay 1 9 7 5 1__________________________________
N o rfo lk —V ir g in ia B e a c h -P o r t s m o u t h , V a ^ N .C ., M ay 1 9 7 6 1_____
N o rfo lk —V ir g in ia B e a ch —P o r ts m o u th and N ew p ort N ew s—
H am pton, V a.—N .C ., M ay 1 9 7 6 * ______________ _
________________
N o rth e a s t P en n sy lv a n ia , A u g. 1 9 7 6 ________________________________
O k la h o m a C ity, O k la ., A u g. 1976___________________ _______________
O m aha, N ebr.—Iow a, O ct. 1975_____________ _________________________
P a t e r s o n - C l i ft o n - P a s s a i c , N .J ., June 1976_______________________
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ^ -N .J ., N ov. 197 5_________________________________
P itts b u r g h , P a ., Jan . 1 9 7 6 * ________________________________________
P o r tla n d , M ain e, N ov. 1975_________________________________________
P o r tla n d , O r e g ,—W a sh ., M ay 197 5_________________________________
P o u g h k e e p s ie , N .Y ., June 1 9 7 5 1 ___________________________________
P o u g h k e e p s ie -K in g s to n -N e w b u r g h , N .Y ., June 1 9 7 5 1____________
P r o v id e n c e —W arw ick —P a w tu ck et, R .I ^ M a s s ., June 1976________
R a le ig h —D urham , N .C ., F e b . 1 97 6 _________________________________
R ich m o n d , V a ., June 1976_____________________ ______ ___ ___ _______
St. L o u is , M o .-111., M a r . 1 9 7 6 1 ____________________________________
S a cra m e n to , C a lif., D e c . 197 5____________________ _____________ __
Saginaw , M ic h ., N ov. 197 5__________________________________________
Salt L a ke City—O gden, U tah, N ov. 1 9 7 5 1__________________________
San A n to n io , T e x ., M ay 19 7 6 ___________________ __ ______ ___ _____
San D ie g o , C a lif., N o v . 1975______________________________________ _
San F r a n c is c o —O akland, C a lif., M a r . 1 97 6________________________
San J o s e , C a lif., M a r . 1976_________________________________________
S eattle—E v e re tt, W a s h ., Jan . 19 7 6 _________________________________
South Ben d, Ind., M a r . 1 97 6_______________________________ ________
S ta m fo rd , C o n n ., M ay 19 7 6 *__________________________________ ___ __
S y r a c u s e , N .Y ., J u ly 1976___________________________________________
T o le d o , O h io -M ic h ., M ay 1976______________________________________
T re n to n , N .J ., Sept. 1 9 7 5 1__________________________________________
U t ic a -R o m e , N .Y ., J u ly 1 9 7 5 * ______________________________________
W ashington, D .C .—M d .-V a ., M a r . 1976_____________________________
W e s t c h e s te r C ou nty, N .Y ., M ay 1 9 7 5 1 ____________________________
W ich ita , K a n s ., A p r . 1976___________________________________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ., A p r . 1 9 7 6 _______________________________________
Y o r k , P a ., F e b . 197 6________________________________________________

Bulletin number
and p rice *
18 5 0 -7 6 ,
19 0 0 -2 2 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 5 ,
19 0 0 -1 0 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 ,
1 85 0-4 5,
1 9 0 0 -2 7 ,

95 cen ts
85 cen ts
95 cen ts
85 cen ts
85 cen ts
75 cen ts
$ 1 .1 0
85 cen ts

1 9 0 0 -3 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 2 ,
1 8 5 0 -5 6 ,
190 0 -3 8 ,
185 0 -6 5 ,
19 0 0 -1 ,
185 0 -7 2 ,
185 0 -4 0 ,
185 0 -7 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 1 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -3 4 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 9 ,
1 8 5 0 -8 7 ,
18 5 0 -7 1 ,
1 8 5 0 -7 4 ,
190 0 -2 3 ,
185 0 -7 7 ,
19 0 0 -9 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -6 ,
1 90 0-5 ,
19 0 0 -4 0 ,
1 9 0 0 -4 4 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 4 ,
1 8 5 0 -6 0 ,
1 8 5 0 -4 8 ,
1 9 0 0 -1 2 ,
185 0 -5 3 ,
1 9 0 0 -2 1 ,
190 0 -1 6 ,
19 0 0 -4 ,

85 cen ts
65 cen ts
55 cen ts
$ 1 .1 0
55 cen ts
85 cen ts
$ 1 .1 5
45 cen ts
75 cen ts
65 cen ts
75 cen ts
75 cents
55 cen ts
65 cen ts
$ 1 .2 5
45 cen ts
35 cen ts
75 cen ts
65 cen ts
45 cen ts
95 cen ts
75 cen ts
65 cen ts
55 cen ts
85 ce n ts
55 cen ts
55 cents
$ 1 .2 0
80 cen ts
85 cen ts
80 cen ts
55 cen ts
55 cen ts
55 cen ts

U.S. Department of Labor
Bureau of Labor Statistics
Washington, D.C. 20212

Postage and Fees Paid
U.S. Department of Labor
Third Class Mail

Official Business
Penalty for private use, $30 0

Lab-441

Bureau of Labor Statistics Regional Offices
R e g io n I

R e g io n II

R e g io n I I I

R e g io n IV

1 6 0 3 J F K F e d e ra l B u ild in g
G o v e r n m e n t C e n te r
B o s to n , M a s s . 0 2 2 0 3
P h o n e : 2 2 3 -6 7 6 1 (A re a C o d e 6 1 7 )

S u ite 3 4 0 0
1 5 1 5 B ro a d w a y
N e w Y o rk , N .Y . 1 0 0 36
P h o n e : 9 7 1 -5 4 0 5 (A re a C o d e 2 1 2 )

3 5 3 5 M a rk e t S tre e t,
P .O . B o x 1 3 3 0 9
P h ila d e lp h ia , Pa. 19101
P h o n e : 5 9 6 -1 1 5 4 (A re a C o d e 2 1 5 )

S u ite 5 4 0
1371 P e a c h tre e S t., N .E .
A t la n ta , G a . 3 0 3 0 9
P h o n e : 5 2 6 -5 4 1 8 (A re a C o d e 4 0 4 )

C o n n e c t ic u t
M a in e
M a s s a c h u s e tts
N e w H a m p s h ir e
R h o d e I s la n d
V e rm o n t

N e w J e rs e y
N e w Y o rk
P u e rto R ic o
V ir g in Is la n d s

D e la w a re
D is t r ic t o f C o lu m b ia
M a ry la n d
P e n n s y lv a n ia
V ir g in ia
W e s t V ir g in ia

A la b a m a
F lo rid a
G e o r g ia
K e n tu c k y
M is s is s ip p i
N o rth C a r o lin a
S o u th C a r o lin a
Tennessee

R e g io n V
9 th F lo o r, 2 3 0 S. D e a rb o rn S t.
C h ic a g o , III. 6 0 6 0 4
P h o n e : 3 5 3 -1 8 8 0 (A re a C o d e 3 1 2 )
I llin o is
In d ia n a
M ic h ig a n
M in n e s o ta
O h io
W is c o n s in




.R e g io n V I

R e g io n s V II a n d V I I I

S e c o n d F lo o r
5 5 5 G r iff in S q u a re B u ild in g
D a lla s , T e x. 7 5 2 0 2
P h o n e : 7 4 9 -3 5 1 6 (A re a C o d e 2 1 4 )

F e d e ra l O ffic e B u ild in g
911 W a ln u t S t., 1 5 th F lo o r
K a n s a s C ity , M o . 6 4 1 0 6
P h o n e : 3 7 4 -2 4 8 1 (A re a C o d e 8 1 6 )

A rk a n s a s
L o u is ia n a
N e w M e x ic o
O k la h o m a
Texas

V II
Io w a
Kansas
M is s o u r i
N e b ra s k a

V III
C o lo r a d o
M o n ta n a
N o rth D a k o ta
S o u th D a k o ta
U ta h
W y o m in g

R e g io n s IX a n d X
4 5 0 G o ld e n G a t e A v e .
B ox 36017
S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif . 9 4 1 0 2
P h o n e : 5 5 6 -4 6 7 8 (A re a C o d e
IX
A r iz o n a
C a lif o r n ia
H a w a ii
Nevada

X
A la s k a
Id a h o
O re g o n
W a s h in g to n