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n, W e s t V irg in ia , M e tro p o lita n A re a ,
M a rc h 1971
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR / Bureau of Labor Statistics
BUREAU
OF LABO R
S T A T IS T IC S
R E G IO N A L O F F IC E S
ALASKA
Region I
1603-A Federal Building
Government Center
Boston, Mass. 02203
Phone: 223-6761 (Area Code 617)
Region II
Region V
219 South Dearborn St.
Chicago, III. 60604
Phone: 353-7230 (Area Code 312)
Region VI
341 Ninth Ave., Rm. 1025
New York, N.Y. 10001
Phone: 971-5405 (Area Code 212)
1100 Commerce St., Rm. 6B7
Dallas, Tex. 75202
Phone: 749-3516 (Area Code 214)
Regions VII and VIII will be serviced by Kansas City.
Regions IX and X will be serviced by San Francisco.
Region 111
406 Penn Square Building
1317 Filbert St.
Philadelphia, Pa. 19107
Phone: 597-7796 (Area Code 215)
Region IV
Suite 540
1371 Peachtree St. NE.
Atlanta, Ga. 30309
Phone: 526-5418 (Area Code 404)
Regions VII and VIII
Federal Office Building
911 Walnut St., 10th Floor
Kansas City, Mo. 64106
Phone: 374-2481 (Area Code 816)
Regions IX and X
450 Golden Gate Ave.
Box 36017
San Francisco, Calif. 94102
Phone: 556-4678 (Area Code 415)
U.S. DEPARTM ENT OF LABOR
J. D. Hodgson, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner
AREA WAGE SURVEY
T h e C h arlesto n , W e s t V irg in ia , M e tro p o lita n A re a ,
M a rc h 1971
Bulletin 1 6 8 5 -5 7
June 1971
For sale by the S up erintendent o f Docum ents, U .S. G overnm ent Printing O ffic e , Washington, D .C ., 2 0 4 0 2 — Price 3 0 cents
C o n te n ts
P re fa c e
Page
T h e B u re a u o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s p r o g r a m o f ann ual
o c c u p a t i o n a l w a g e s u r v e y s in m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s i s d e
s ig n e d t o p r o v i d e d a t a o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s , a n d e s t a b
l is h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s .
It
y i e l d s d e t a ile d d a ta b y s e l e c t e d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n f o r e a c h
o f th e a r e a s s tu d ie d , f o r g e o g r a p h i c r e g i o n s , an d f o r th e
U n ite d S t a t e s .
A m a j o r c o n s i d e r a t i o n in th e p r o g r a m i s
th e n e e d f o r g r e a t e r in s i g h t in to ( l ) th e m o v e m e n t o f w a g e s
b y o c c u p a t i o n a l c a t e g o r y a n d s k i l l l e v e l , a nd (2 ) th e s t r u c
t u r e a nd l e v e l o f w a g e s a m o n g a r e a s a n d i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s .
In tr o d u p .t j.o n -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------W a g e t r e n d s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s ---------------------------------------------T a b le s :
1.
2.
A t th e en d o f e a c h s u r v e y , a n in d iv id u a l a r e a
b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s th e s u r v e y r e s u l t s .
A fte r c o m p le tio n o f
a l l o f th e in d iv id u a l a r e a b u ll e t in s f o r a r o u n d o f s u r v e y s ,
tw o s u m m a r y b u ll e t in s a r e i s s u e d .
T h e f i r s t b r i n g s d a ta
f o r e a c h o f th e m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a s s tu d ie d in to o n e b u ll e t in .
T h e s e c o n d p r e s e n t s i n f o r m a t i o n w h ic h h a s b e e n p r o j e c t e d
f r o m in d iv id u a l m e t r o p o l i t a n a r e a d a t a to r e l a t e to g e o
g r a p h ic r e g i o n s a nd th e U n ite d S t a t e s .
N in e t y a r e a s c u r r e n t l y a r e in c lu d e d in th e p r o
gra m .
In e a c h a r e a , i n f o r m a t i o n o n o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s
i s c o l l e c t e d a n n u a lly a n d o n e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d
s u p p le m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s b ie n n i a l l y .
A.
E s t a b l i s h m e n t s a n d w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s u r v e y and
n u m b e r s t u d ie d ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I n d e x e s o f s t a n d a r d w e e k ly s a l a r i e s a n d s t r a i g h t - t i m e
h o u r l y e a r n in g s f o r s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , a nd
p e r c e n t s o f c h a n g e f o r s e l e c t e d p e r i o d s __________________________
O c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s :
A -l.
O f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n a n d w o m e n __________________________
A -2 .
P r o f e s s i o n a l an d t e c h n i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s —m e n a nd
w o m e n -------------------------------------------------- _---------------------------------------A -3 .
O ffic e , p r o fe s s io n a l, and t e c h n ic a l o c c u p a t io n s —
m e n a n d w o m e n c o m b i n e d ______________________
A -4 .
M a in t e n a n c e a nd p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s ___________________
A -5 .
C u s t o d ia l a nd m a t e r i a l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a t i o n s ____________
A p p e n d ix .
T h is b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s r e s u l t s o f th e s u r v e y in
C h a r le s t o n , W . V a . , in M a r c h 1 9 7 1 .
T h e S ta n d a r d M e t r o
p o li t a n S t a t i s t i c a l A r e a , a s d e f in e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e
B u d g e t th ro u g h J a n u a ry 1968, c o n s i s t s o f K anaw h a C ou n ty.
T h is s tu d y w a s c o n d u c t e d b y th e B u r e a u 's r e g i o n a l o f f i c e in
P h ila d e lp h ia , P a . , u n d e r th e g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f I r w in L .
F e ig e n b a u m , A s s i s t a n t R e g i o n a l D i r e c t o r f o r O p e r a t io n s .
1
4
O c c u p a t i o n a l d e s c r i p t i o n s ________________________________________
NOTE:
S i m i l a r t a b u la t io n s
areas.
(S e e i n s i d e b a c k c o v e r . )
a r e a v a ila b le
fo r
o th e r
U n io n s c a l e s , i n d i c a t i v e o f p r e v a i l i n g p a y l e v e l s in
th e C h a r l e s t o n a r e a , a r e a l s o a v a i l a b l e f o r s e v e n s e l e c t e d
b u ild in g t r a d e s .
iii
3
5
6
7
8
9
10
13
In tro d u c tio n
T h is a r e a is 1 o f 9 0 in w h i c h th e U .S . D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r 's
B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s c o n d u c t s s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s
and r e l a t e d b e n e f it s o n an a r e a w id e b a s i s . 1
e it h e r ( l ) e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n is t o o s m a l l t o p r o v i d e e n o u g h
d a ta t o m e r i t p r e s e n t a t i o n , o r (2) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e
o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t d a ta . E a r n in g s d a ta n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e l y
f o r in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s a r e in c lu d e d in a l l i n d u s t r i e s c o m b i n e d d a ta ,
w h e r e s h o w n . L i k e w i s e , d a ta a r e in c lu d e d in th e o v e r a l l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n
w h e n a s u b c l a s s i f i c a t i o n o f s e c r e t a r i e s o r t r u c k d r i v e r s is n o t s h o w n
o r in fo r m a tio n to s u b c la s s ify is n ot a v a ila b le .
T h is b u ll e t in p r e s e n t s c u r r e n t o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t an d
e a r n in g s i n f o r m a t i o n o b t a in e d l a r g e l y b y m a i l f r o m th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s
v i s i t e d b y B u r e a u f i e l d e c o n o m i s t s in th e l a s t p r e v i o u s s u r v e y f o r
o c c u p a t io n s r e p o r t e d in th a t e a r l i e r s tu d y . P e r s o n a l v i s i t s w e r e m a d e
to n o n r e s p o n d e n t s a n d t o t h o s e r e s p o n d e n t s r e p o r t i n g u n u s u a l c h a n g e s
s i n c e th e p r e v i o u s s u r v e y .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t a n d e a r n in g s d a ta a r e s h o w n f o r
f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , t h o s e h i r e d t o w o r k a r e g u l a r w e e k l y s c h e d u le
in th e g iv e n o c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n .
E a r n in g s d a ta e x c lu d e p r e
m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and
la t e s h if t s .
N o n p r o d u c t io n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d , b u t c o s t - o f - l i v i n g
a llo w a n c e s a nd in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s a r e i n c lu d e d . W h e r e w e e k ly h o u r s
a r e r e p o r t e d , a s f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t i o n s , r e f e r e n c e is to th e
s t a n d a r d w o r k w e e k (r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a l f h o u r ) f o r w h ic h e m
p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th e ir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a la r ie s (e x c lu s iv e o f p a y
f o r o v e r t im e at r e g u la r a n d /o r p r e m iu m r a t e s ). A v e r a g e w e e k ly e a r n
in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s h a v e b e e n r o u n d e d t o th e n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r .
In e a c h a r e a , d a ta a r e o b t a in e d f r o m r e p r e s e n t a t i v e e s t a b
l is h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u f a c t u r in g ; t r a n s
p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , a nd o t h e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o l e s a l e t r a d e ;
r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a nd r e a l e s t a t e ; a n d s e r v i c e s . M a jo r
in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m t h e s e s t u d ie s a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a
t io n s an d th e c o n s t r u c t i o n a n d e x t r a c t i v e i n d u s t r i e s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s
h a v in g f e w e r th a n a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d b e c a u s e
t h e y te n d to f u r n is h i n s u f f i c i e n t e m p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t i o n s s t u d ie d
to w a r r a n t in c l u s i o n .
S e p a r a t e t a b u la t io n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f
th e b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s w h ic h m e e t p u b lic a t i o n c r i t e r i a .
T h e s e s u r v e y s m e a s u r e th e l e v e l o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e a r n in g s in
an a r e a a t a p a r t i c u l a r t i m e . C o m p a r i s o n s o f in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n a l
a v e r a g e s o v e r tim e m a y n ot r e f le c t e x p e c te d w a g e c h a n g e s .
The
a v e r a g e s f o r in d iv id u a l j o b s a r e a f f e c t e d b y c h a n g e s in w a g e s a nd
e m p lo y m e n t p a t t e r n s . F o r e x a m p l e , p r o p o r t i o n s o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d
b y h ig h - o r l o w - w a g e f i r m s m a y c h a n g e o r h ig h - w a g e w o r k e r s m a y
a d v a n c e to b e t t e r j o b s a n d b e r e p l a c e d b y n e w w o r k e r s a t l o w e r r a t e s .
S u ch s h if t s in e m p lo y m e n t c o u ld d e c r e a s e an o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e e v e n
th o u g h m o s t e s t a b lis h m e n t s in an a r e a i n c r e a s e w a g e s d u r in g th e y e a r .
T r e n d s in e a r n in g s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l g r o u p s , s h o w n in t a b le 2 , a r e b e t t e r
i n d i c a t o r s o f w a g e t r e n d s th a n in d iv id u a l j o b s w it h in th e g r o u p s .
T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d on a s a m p le b a s i s b e c a u s e o f
th e u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o lv e d in s u r v e y in g a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
To
o b t a in o p t im u m a c c u r a c y a t m i n im u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f
l a r g e th a n o f s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s tu d ie d . In c o m b i n in g th e d a ta ,
h o w e v e r , a i l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e i r a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t . E s
t i m a t e s b a s e d o n th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e ,
a s r e la t in g t o a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e in d u s t r y g r o u p in g a n d a r e a ,
e x c e p t f o r t h o s e b e lo w th e m in im u m s i z e s tu d ie d .
O c c u p a t i o n s an d E a r n in g s
T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d y a r e c o m m o n t o a v a r i e t y
o f m a n u f a c t u r in g a n d n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s , a n d a r e o f th e
f o llo w in g t y p e s :
( l ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (2) p r o f e s s i o n a l a n d t e c h n i c a l ;
(3) m a in t e n a n c e a n d p o w e r p la n t ; a n d (4) c u s t o d i a l a n d m a t e r i a l m o v e
m e n t.
O c c u p a t i o n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n is b a s e d o n a u n if o r m s e t o f jo b
d e s c r i p t i o n s d e s ig n e d t o ta k e a c c o u n t o f i n t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t v a r i a t i o n
in d u tie s w ith in th e s a m e jo b .
T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r s tu d v
a r e l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d in th e a p p e n d ix . T h e e a r n in g s d a ta f o llo w in g
th e j o b t i t l e s a r e f o r a l l i n d u s t r ie s c o m b i n e d . E a r n in g s d a ta f o r s o m e
o f th e o c c u p a t io n s l i s t e d a n d d e s c r i b e d , o r f o r s o m e i n d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s
w ith in o c c u p a t io n s , a r e n ot p r e s e n t e d in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s , b e c a u s e
T h e a v e r a g e s p r e s e n t e d r e f l e c t c o m p o s i t e , a r e a w id e e s t i
m a tes.
I n d u s t r ie s a n d e s t a b lis h m e n t s d i f f e r in p a y l e v e l a n d jo b
s t a f fin g a n d , th u s , c o n t r ib u t e d i f f e r e n t l y t o th e e s t i m a t e s f o r e a c h jo b .
T h e p a y r e la t io n s h ip o b t a in a b le f r o m th e a v e r a g e s m a y f a i l t o r e f l e c t
a c c u r a t e l y th e w a g e s p r e a d o r d i f f e r e n t i a l m a in t a in e d a m o n g j o b s in
in d iv id u a l e s t a b l i s h m e n t s . S i m i l a r l y , d i f f e r e n c e s in a v e r a g e p a y l e v e l s
f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in a n y o f th e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s s h o u ld n o t b e
a s s u m e d t o r e f l e c t d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y t r e a t m e n t o f th e s e x e s w ith in
in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s .
O t h e r p o s s i b l e f a c t o r s w h ic h m a y c o n
t r ib u t e t o d i f f e r e n c e s in p a y f o r m e n a n d w o m e n in c lu d e : D i f f e r e n c e s
in p r o g r e s s i o n w ith in e s t a b l i s h e d r a te r a n g e s , s i n c e o n ly th e a c t u a l
r a t e s p a id in c u m b e n t s a r e c o l l e c t e d ; a n d d i f f e r e n c e s in s p e c i f i c d u tie s
p e r f o r m e d , a lth o u g h th e w o r k e r s a r e c l a s s i f i e d a p p r o p r i a t e l y w ith in
th e s a m e s u r v e y j o b d e s c r i p t i o n . J o b d e s c r i p t i o n s u s e d in c l a s s i f y i n g
1 Inclu ded in the 90 areas are four studies con d u cted under con tract w ith the N ew Y ork State
D epartm ent o f Labor. These areas are Bingham ton (N ew Y ork p ortion on ly); R ochester ( o f f i c e o c c u
pations only); Syracuse; and U tic a —R om e. In add ition, the Bureau conducts m ore lim ite d area studies
in 77 areas at the request o f the W age and H our D ivision o f the U. S. D epartm en t o f Labor.
1
2
e m p l o y e e s in t h e s e s u r v e y s a r e u s u a lly m o r e g e n e r a l i z e d th a n t h o s e
u s e d in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a n d a llo w f o r m i n o r d i f f e r e n c e s
a m o n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e s p e c i f i c d u t ie s p e r f o r m e d .
O c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t i m a t e s r e p r e s e n t th e t o t a l in a ll
e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in th e s c o p e o f th e s tu d y a n d n o t th e n u m b e r a c t u
a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t i o n a l s t r u c t u r e a m o n g
e s t a b lis h m e n t s , th e e s t im a t e s o f o c c u p a t i o n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b t a in e d f r o m
th e s a m p le o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d s e r v e o n ly to i n d ic a t e th e r e l a t i v e
i m p o r t a n c e o f th e j o b s s t u d ie d .
T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l
s t r u c t u r e d o n o t a f f e c t m a t e r i a l l y th e a c c u r a c y o f th e e a r n in g s d a ta .
E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s a n d S u p p le m e n t a r y W a g e P r o v i s i o n s
T a b u la t io n s o n s e l e c t e d e s t a b lis h m e n t p r a c t i c e s a n d s u p p le
m e n t a r y w a g e p r o v i s i o n s ( B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) a r e n o t p r e s e n t e d in t h is
b u lle t in .
I n fo r m a t io n f o r t h e s e t a b u la t io n s is c o l l e c t e d b ie n n ia lly .
T h e s e t a b u la t io n s o n m i n im u m e n t r a n c e s a l a r i e s f o r i n e x p e r i e n c e d
w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s ; s h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ; s c h e d u le d w e e k l y h o u r s ;
p a id h o l i d a y s ; p a id v a c a t i o n s ; a nd h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , a n d p e n s io n
p la n s a r e p r e s e n t e d (in th e B - s e r i e s t a b le s ) in p r e v i o u s b u ll e t in s f o r
th is a r e a .
T a b le 1.
E stab lish m en ts and w o rk e rs w ithin scope of survey and n u m b e r studied in C h arle s to n , W . V a .,'
by m a jo r industry d iv is io n / M arc h 1971
M in im u m
e m p lo y m e n t
in e s t a b l is h
m e n ts in s c o p £
o f stu dy
In d u s tr y d iv is io n
N u m b e r o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s
W ith in s c o p e
o f study 3
Studied
no
-
27
83
50
50
50
50
50
15
18
30
7
13
A l l d i v i s i o n s ____________________________________
M a n u fa c t u r in g ________________________________________
N o n m a n u fa c t u r in g ___________________________________
T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , c o m m u n ic a t io n , and
o t h e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s 5_________________________
W h o le s a le t r a d e 6________________________________
R e t a il t r a d e 6 _____________________________________
F i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e 6________
S e r v i c e s 6 7_______ _ — _______________________
W o r k e r s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s
W ith in s c o p e o f s t u d y 4
50
Studied
N um ber
P ercen t
64
2 9 ,4 2 3
100
2 5 ,5 0 0
20
44
1 5 ,4 1 5
1 4 ,0 0 8
52
48
1 4 ,7 1 9
1 0 ,7 8 1
13
8
13
4
6
6 ,4 0 6
1 ,3 6 1
4 ,2 8 1
714
1 ,2 4 6
22
5
15
2
4
6 ,2 1 5
817
2 ,6 6 3
531
555
1 T h e C h a r le s t o n S ta n d a rd M e t r o p o lit a n S t a t is t ic a l A r e a , a s d e fin e d b y th e B u r e a u o f th e B u d g e t th r o u g h J a n u a r y 196 8, c o n s i s t s o f K anaw ha
C o u n ty .
T h e " w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f s t u d y " e s t im a t e s sh o w n in th is ta b le p r o v i d e a r e a s o n a b ly a c c u r a t e d e s c r ip t i o n o f th e s i z e and c o m p o s it io n
o f th e l a b o r f o r c e in c lu d e d in th e s u r v e y .
T h e e s t im a t e s a r e not in te n d e d , h o w e v e r , t o s e r v e as a b a s i s o f c o m p a r is o n w ith o t h e r e m p lo y m e n t
in d e x e s f o r th e a r e a to m e a s u r e e m p lo y m e n t t r e n d s o r l e v e l s s i n c e (1) p la n n in g o f w a g e s u r v e y s r e q u i r e s th e u s e o f e s t a b lis h m e n t d ata c o m p ile d
c o n s i d e r a b l y in a d v a n c e o f th e p a y r o l l p e r i o d s t u d ie d , an d (2) s m a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
2 T h e 1967 e d it io n o f th e S ta n d a rd I n d u s t r ia l C l a s s i f i c a t io n M an u a l w a s u s e d in c la s s i f y in g e s t a b lis h m e n t s b y in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n .
3 In c lu d e s a l l e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith t o t a l e m p lo y m e n t at o r a b o v e th e m in im u m l im i t a t io n .
A l l o u t le ts (w ith in th e a r e a ) o f c o m p a n ie s in s u c h
in d u s t r ie s a s t r a d e , f in a n c e , a u to r e p a i r s e r v i c e , and m o t io n p i c t u r e t h e a t e r s a r e c o n s i d e r e d a s 1 e s t a b lis h m e n t .
4 In c lu d e s a l l w o r k e r s in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith to t a l e m p lo y m e n t (w ith in th e a r e a ) at o r a b o v e th e m in im u m lim it a t io n .
5 A b b r e v ia t e d to " p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s " in th e A - s e r i e s t a b l e s .
T a x ic a b s and s e r v i c e s in c id e n ta l t o w a t e r t r a n s p o r t a t io n w e r e e x c lu d e d .
6 T h is in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n is r e p r e s e n t e d in e s t im a t e s f o r " a l l i n d u s t r ie s " an d " n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g " in th e S e r i e s A t a b l e s .
S e p a r a te p r e s e n t a t io n
o f d a ta f o r th is d i v i s i o n is n ot m a d e f o r o n e o r m o r e o f the f o llo w in g r e a s o n s : (1) E m p lo y m e n t in th e d i v i s i o n is t o o s m a l l to p r o v i d e en ou g h data
to m p r it s e p a r a t e s tu d y , (2) th e s a m p le w as n ot d e s ig n e d i n it ia lly to p e r m it s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t io n , (3) r e s p o n s e w a s in s u f fic ie n t o r in a d eq u a te to
p e r m it s e p a r a t e p r e s e n t a t i o n , and (4) t h e r e is p o s s i b i l i t y o f d i s c l o s u r e o f in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t data.
7 H o te ls an d m o t e ls ; la u n d r ie s an d o t h e r p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; a u t o m o b ile r e p a i r , r e n t a l, and p a r k in g ; m o t io n p i c t u r e s ;
n o n p r o fit m e m b e r s h ip o r g a n iz a t io n s ( e x c lu d in g r e li g i o u s and c h a r it a b le o r g a n iz a t io n s ); and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s .
O v e r o n e - h a l f o f th e w o r k e r s w ith in s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y in the C h a r le s t o n a r e a w e r e
e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa c t u r in g f i r m s .
T h e fo llo w in g p r e s e n t s th e m a j o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s and
s p e c i f i c in d u s t r ie s a s a p e r c e n t o f a ll m a n u fa c tu r in g :
I n d u s tr y g r o u p s
S p e c i f ic in d u s t r ie s
C h e m ic a ls and a l li e d p r o d u c t s -.7 9
S to n e , c la y , and g la s s
p r o d u c t s __________________________ 6
F a b r ic a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s ______ 4
F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c t s ______ 4
I n d u s tr ia l c h e m i c a l s _____________ 77
F la t g l a s s ---------------------------------------- 5
T h is i n fo r m a t io n is b a s e d on e s t im a t e s o f to ta l e m p lo y m e n t d e r i v e d f r o m u n iv e r s e
m a t e r ia l s c o m p il e d p r i o r t o a c t u a l s u r v e y .
P r o p o r t i o n s in v a r i o u s in d u s t r y d iv is io n s m a y
d i f f e r f r o m p r o p o r t io n s b a s e d on th e r e s u lt s o f the s u r v e y as sh o w n in ta b le 1 a b o v e .
W a g e T re n d s fo r S e le c te d O c c u p a tio n a l G ro u p s
s h o w s th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e .
T h e in d e x i s th e p r o d u c t o f m u lt ip ly in g
th e b a s e y e a r r e l a t i v e (1 0 0 ) b y th e r e l a t i v e f o r th e n e x t s u c c e e d i n g
y e a r and c o n t in u in g to m u l t i p l y ( c o m p o u n d ) e a c h y e a r 's r e l a t i v e b y th e
p r e v i o u s y e a r 1s in d e x .
P r e s e n t e d in t a b le 2 a r e in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e
in a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o f o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r i a l n u r s e s ,
and in a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s .
T h e in d e x e s
a r e a m e a s u r e o f w a g e s at a g iv e n t i m e , e x p r e s s e d a s a p e r c e n t o f
w a g e s d u r in g th e b a s e p e r i o d .
S u b t r a c t in g 100 f r o m th e in d e x y i e l d s
th e p e r c e n t a g e c h a n g e in w a g e s f r o m th e b a s e p e r i o d to th e d a te o f
th e in d e x .
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e o r i n c r e a s e r e l a t e to w a g e
c h a n g e s b e t w e e n th e in d ic a t e d d a t e s .
A nnual ra te s o f in c r e a s e , w h ere
s h o w n , r e f l e c t th e a m o u n t o f i n c r e a s e f o r 12 m o n th s w h e n th e t i m e
p e r i o d b e t w e e n s u r v e y s w a s o t h e r th a n 12 m o n t h s . T h e s e c o m p u t a t io n s
w e r e b a s e d o n th e a s s u m p t io n th at w a g e s i n c r e a s e d at a c o n s t a n t r a t e
b e tw e e n s u r v e y s .
T h e s e e s t i m a t e s a r e m e a s u r e s o f c h a n g e in a v e r
a g e s f o r th e a r e a ; th e y a r e n ot in t e n d e d to m e a s u r e a v e r a g e p a y
c h a n g e s in th e e s t a b lis h m e n t s in th e a r e a .
F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s and in d u s t r i a l n u r s e s , th e w a g e
t r e n d s r e l a t e to r e g u l a r w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r th e n o r m a l w o r k w e e k ,
e x c l u s i v e o f e a r n in g s f o r o v e r t i m e .
F o r p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , th e y
m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g
p r e m i u m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , and
la t e s h i f t s .
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s a re b a s e d on d a ta f o r s e le c t e d k ey o c c u
p a t io n s and in c lu d e m o s t o f th e n u m e r i c a l l y im p o r t a n t j o b s w ith in
ea ch grou p .
L im it a t io n s
o f D a ta
M e th o d o f C o m p u t in g
T h e in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e ,
as m e a s u r e s
of
c h a n g e in a r e a a v e r a g e s , a r e i n f l u e n c e d b y :
(1 ) g e n e r a l s a l a r y and
w a g e c h a n g e s , (2 ) m e r i t o r o t h e r i n c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y i n d i
v id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in th e s a m e j o b , and (3 ) c h a n g e s in a v e r a g e
w a g e s d u e t o c h a n g e s in th e l a b o r f o r c e r e s u l t i n g f r o m l a b o r t u r n
o v e r , f o r c e e x p a n s io n s , f o r c e r e d u c t i o n s , and c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r
t io n s o f w o r k e r s e m p l o y e d b y e s t a b l i s h m e n t s w ith d i f f e r e n t p a y l e v e l s .
C h a n g e s in th e l a b o r f o r c e c a n c a u s e i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s in th e
o c c u p a t i o n a l a v e r a g e s w ith o u t a c t u a l w a g e c h a n g e s .
It i s c o n c e i v a b l e
th a t e v e n th o u g h a ll e s t a b l i s h m e n t s in an a r e a g a v e w a g e i n c r e a s e s ,
a v e r a g e w a g e s m a y h a v e d e c l i n e d b e c a u s e l o w e r - p a y i n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e n t e r e d th e a r e a o r e x p a n d e d t h e ir w o r k f o r c e s .
S im ila r ly , w ages
m a y h a v e r e m a i n e d r e l a t i v e l y c o n s t a n t , y e t th e a v e r a g e s f o r an a r e a
m a y h a v e r i s e n c o n s i d e r a b l y b e c a u s e h i g h e r - p a y i n g e s t a b lis h m e n t s
e n t e r e d th e a r e a .
E a c h o f th e f o l l o w i n g k e y o c c u p a t i o n s w ith in an o c c u p a t io n a l
g r o u p w a s a s s i g n e d a c o n s t a n t w e ig h t b a s e d o n it s p r o p o r t i o n a t e e m
p lo y m e n t in th e o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p :
O ffice c le r ic a l (m en and w om en ): O ffic e c le r ic a l (m e n and w o m e n )— S k ille d m aintenance (m en ):
Carpenters
C ontinued
B ook k eepin g-m a ch in e
E lectricians
Secretaries
operators, class B
M achinists
Stenographers, general
Clerks, a ccou n tin g, classes
Stenographers, senior
M echanics
A and B
M ech an ics (a u to m o tiv e )
S w itchboard operators, classes
Clerks, file , classes
Painters
A and B
A , B, and C
Pipefitters
T a b u la tin g -m a ch in e operators,
Clerks, order
T o o l and die makers
class B
Clerks, payroll
Typists, classes A and B
C om p tom eter operators
U nskilled p la n t (m en ):
K eypunch operators, classes
Janitors, porters, and cleaners
Industrial nurses (m e n and w om en ):
A and B
Nurses, industrial (registered)
Laborers, m a terial handling
O ffic e boys and girls
The
p lie d b y th e
in th e g r o u p
w e r e r e la te d
g a te f o r th e
T h e u s e o f c o n s t a n t e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h t s e l i m i n a t e s th e e f f e c t
o f c h a n g e s in th e p r o p o r t i o n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h j o b i n
c lu d e d in th e d a ta .
T h e p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e r e f l e c t o n ly c h a n g e s
in a v e r a g e p a y f o r s t r a i g h t - t i m e h o u r s .
T h e y a r e n o t in f lu e n c e d b y
c h a n g e s in s t a n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u l e s , a s s u c h , o r b y p r e m i u m p a y
fo r o v e r tim e .
W h e r e n e c e s s a r y , d a ta w e r e a d ju s t e d to r e m o v e f r o m
th e in d e x e s and p e r c e n t a g e s o f c h a n g e a n y s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t c a u s e d
b y c h a n g e s in th e s c o p e o f th e s u r v e y .
a v e r a g e (m e a n ) e a r n in g s f o r e a c h o c c u p a t i o n w e r e m u l t i
o c c u p a t i o n a l w e ig h t , and th e p r o d u c t s f o r a ll o c c u p a t io n s
w e r e t o t a le d .
T h e a g g r e g a te s fo r 2 c o n s e c u tiv e y e a r s
b y d iv id in g th e a g g r e g a t e f o r th e l a t e r y e a r b y th e a g g r e
e a r lie r y e a r .
T h e r e s u l t a n t r e l a t i v e , l e s s 100 p e r c e n t ,
4
5
T a b le 2.
In d e x e s o f s tan dard w e e k ly s a la rie s and s tra ig h t-tim e hourly e a rn in g s fo r s e le c te d occu pation al g ro up s in
C h a rle s to n , W . V a ., A p ril 1 9 7 0 and M a rc h 1 971, and p erc e n ts of c h a n g e 1 fo r s e le c te d p eriods
A l l in d u s t r ie s
O f f ic e
c le r ic a l
(m e n and
w om en)
P e r io d
In d u s t r ia l
n u rses
(m e n and
w om en)
S k ille d
m a in t e n a n c e
tra d es
(m en )
M a n u fa c tu r in g
U n s k ille d
p la n t
w ork ers
(m en )
O f f ic e
c le r ic a l
(m e n and
w om en )
I n d u s tr ia l
n u rses
(m e n and
w orn en)
S k ill ed
m a in te n a n c e
tra d e s
(m en )
U n s k ille d
pla n t
w ork ers
(m en )
1 2 3 .0
132. 0
1 1 5 .0
1 2 2 .7
107. 1
119. 3
114. 0
1 5 0 .4
112. 5
1 3 7 .9
116. 8
1 3 9 .4
In d e x e s ( A p r i l 1967 = 100)
A p r i l 1970____________________________________________
M a r c h 1 9 7 1 __________________________________________
1 1 2 .0
115. 5
123. 0
131. 6
1 1 5 .4
123. 1
101. 3
108. 9
(* )
(2 )
In d e x e s ( A p r i l 1961 = 100)
A p r i l 1967------------------------------------------------------------------M a r c h 1 9 7 1 -----------------------------------------------------------------
1 1 5 .6
1 3 3 .5
115. 2
151. 6
1 1 3 .3
139. 5
1 1 2 .6
122. 6
109. 2
(2 )
P e r c e n ts o f change 1
A p r i l I 9 6 0 to A p r i l 1 9 6 1 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1961 to A p r i l 1 9 6 2 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1962 to A p r i l 1 9 6 3 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1963 to A p r i l 1 9 6 4 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1964 to A p r i l 1 9 6 5 ----- - ------ ------------A p r i l 1965 to A p r i l 1 9 6 6 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1966 to A p r i l 1 9 6 7 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1967 to A p r i l 1 9 6 8 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1968 to A p r i l 1 9 6 9 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1969 to A p r i l 1 9 7 0 ----------------------------------------A p r i l 1970 to M a r c h 1971:
11-m o n th i n c r e a s e --------------------------------------------A n n u a l r a t e o f i n c r e a s e -------------------------------------
0. 3
4 .9
2. 1
2 .6
1. 2
2. 2
1. 7
4. 2
3. 3
4. 1
3 .9
2. 4
4. 6
.4
2. 2
3 .0
1. 7
7. 0
8. 5
6. 0
3. 3
1 .0
2 .6
2 .6
1 .7
2 .8
2 .0
3 .2
5. 2
6. 3
2. 2
2 .9
3. 0
. 2
4. 0
.9
1 .4
1 .9
1 .6
3—2. 2
1 .6
1 .7
1 .9
.4
.7
3. 3
1 .0
4 .4
6. 3
(2 )
4 .4
.9
4 .6
1. 8
1 .7
3 .0
1. 2
7. 4
8 .4
5 .6
3. 1
.5
2. 5
2. 5
1 .8
2 .6
2. 1
3. 1
4 .9
6. 3
1 .4
.7
3. 0
2 .2
4. 5
3. 0
2. 3
3. 3
3 .9
3- 2
3. 1
3. 4
7 .0
7. 7
6. 7
7. 3
7. 5
8. 2
(2 )
(2 )
7. 3
8. 0
6 .7
7. 3
1 1 .4
12. 5
1 A l l c h a n g e s a r e i n c r e a s e s u n le s s o t h e r w is e in d ic a te d .
2 D a ta d o n o t m e e t p u b lic a t io n c r i t e r i a .
5 T h is d e c l in e l a r g e ly r e f l e c t s s h ift s in e m p lo y m e n t b e t w e e n h ig h - and lo w - w a g e e s t a b lis h m e n t s r a t h e r than w a g e d e c r e a s e s .
NOTE:
M o s t p r e v i o u s l y p u b lis h e d in d e x e s f o r the C h a r le s t o n a r e a u s e d A p r i l 1961 as
the b a s e p e r i o d .
T h e y c a n b e c o n v e r t e d to the n e w b a s e p e r i o d b y d iv id in g th e m b y the
c o r r e s p o n d i n g in d e x n u m b e r s f o r A p r i l 1967 o n th e A p r i l 1961 b a s e p e r i o d a s sh ow n in
the t a b le .
(T h e r e s u l t s h o u ld b e m u lt ip lie d b y 1 0 0 .)
6
A.
Occupational earnings
T a b le A -1 .
O ff ic e o c c u p a tio n s —m e n a n d w o m e n
(A verage stra igh t-tim e w eekly hours and earnings fo r selected occupations studied on an area b a sis by industry division , Charleston, W. V a . , M arch 1971)
Weekly earnings 1
(sta adard)
S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , a n d i n d u s t r y d i vi si on
Number
of
workers
N u m b er o f w o r k e r s r e c e iv in g s t r a i g h t - t im e w e e k ly e a rn in g s o f—
$
Average
hours 1
(standard
$
50
Mean 2
Median2
Middle range2
*
%
55
60
$
65
$
70
s
75
*
80
$
85
A
90
s
95
$
1 00
*
1 05
*
110
$
S
120
130
$
140
t
150
s
1 60
$
170
$
180
and
u n d er
55
1 90
and
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
120
130
140
150
160
1 70
5
8
9
9
8
4
180
1 90
over
MEN
CLERKS,
ACCOUNTINS,
C LASS
A
52
4 0 .0
$
1 3 8 .5 0
$
1 3 7 .5 0
$
$
1 2 3 .0 0 -1 5 3 .5 0
6
B I L L E T S , MACHINE ( B I L L I N G
MACHINE) --------------------------------------------
15
3 8 .0
8 3 .0 0
6 4 .5 0
6 1 .5 0 -1 2 0 .0 0
2
-
7
-
-
-
B I L L E R S , MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
MACHINE) -------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
18
18
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
7 6 .0 0
7 6 .0 0
7 3 .0 0
7 3 .0 0
6 8 .0 0 6 8 .0 0 -
_
2
2
l
1
3
3
6
6
1
1
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OP ERA TO RS,
CL AS S B --------------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
43
34
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
8 8 .0 0
8 4 .5 0
8 6 .5 0
7 6 .0 0
7 2 .5 0 -1 0 4 .0 0
7 2 .0 0 - 9 6 .0 0
_
_
-
-
4
4
13
13
C L E R K S , ACCOUNTING, CLASS A -----------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ----------------------
49
43
21
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
1 1 9 .0 0
1 1 0 .5 0
1 2 6 .0 0
1 1 0 .0 0
1 0 6 .0 0
1 3 0 .0 0
1 0 0 .5 0 -1 4 2 .5 0
9 7 .5 0 -1 3 0 .0 0
1 0 6 .0 0 -1 4 4 .0 0
_
-
-
_
“
144
17
127
34
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
9 0 .5 0
1 2 0 .5 0
8 6 .5 0
1 0 5 .5 0
8 5 .0 0
1 2 0 .0 0
8 3 .0 0
1 0 7 .5 0
7 5 .0 0 -1 0 1 .5 0
9 6 .0 0 -1 4 5 .0 0
7 4 . 0 0 - 9 7 .5 0
9 2 .0 0 -1 2 1 .0 0
-
_
-
15
15
3
~
3
“
PAYROLL ---------------------------------
23
3 9 .5
1 2 2 .0 0
1 1 8 .5 0
1 0 0 .0 0 -1 5 5 .0 0
-
-
-
KEYPUNCH O PER AT O RS, CLASS A -----------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------
21
zu
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 3 0 .0 0
1 3 1 .5 0
1 3 1 .5 0
1 3 2 .6 0
1 2 2 .0 0 -1 4 1 .0 0
1 2 3 .0 0 -1 4 1 .0 0
KEYPUNCH OPERA TO RS, CLAS S B -----------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
78
56
3 9 .0
3 8 .5
8 9 .5 0
8 5 .0 0
8 5 .0 0
8 3 .5 0
8 2 .0 0 -1 0 0 .0 0
8 1 .5 0 - 8 7 .0 0
S E C R E T A R I E S ---------------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
2 65
142
3 9 .5
3 9 .5
1 4 1 .5 0
1 3 2 .0 0
1 4 3 .0 0
1 3 7 .0 0
1 2 6 .0 0 -1 6 3 .0 0
1 0 8 .0 0 -1 5 1 .0 0
S E C R E T A R I E S , CLASS B --------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
41
39
3 9 .0
3 9 .0
1 2 9 .5 0
1 3 0 .0 0
1 3 6 .5 0
1 3 7 .5 0
9 5 .0 0 -1 7 1 .0 0
9 0 .0 0 -1 7 1 .0 0
S E C R E T A R I E S , CLASS C --------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
81
29
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 5 3 .5 0
1 2 8 .5 0
1 6 1 .0 0
1 3 5 .0 0
1 3 9 .5 0 -1 7 0 .5 0
9 9 .5 0 -1 5 4 .0 0
CLERKS,
ACCOUNTING,
CLASS
B ------------
MANUFACTURING -----------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING -------------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S ---------------------CLERKS,
SEC RETA RIES,
CLAS S D --------------------
STEN OG RA PHE RS, GENERAL --------------------MANUFACTURING ------------------------------NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
8 6 .0 0
8 6 .0 0
/
1
1
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
2
1
1
1
1
_
2
2
_
_
~
1
1
2
2
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
“
4
3
2
-
3
3
*
1
1
-
1
1
*
4
4
1
2
2
2
9
9
2
18
18
18
~
18
2
18
18
2
10
3
7
3
12
1
11
4
13
2
11
4
6
6
2
1
2
-
2
-
1
*
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
_
5
5
-
-
5
5
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
5
3
2
2
_
.
_
-
-
4
4
2
4
4
1
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
~
2
1
11
3
8
7
10
3
7
6
4
i
3
3
4
-
3
2
-
1
3
1
1
-
3
2
6
6
6
6
3
3
2
2
_
~
-
-
-
-
-
“
-
5
4
4
2
2
2
i
i
i
_
*
1
1
-
-
3
3
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
1
2
-
_
_
-
34
34
11
9
0
5
1
-
14
3
3
2
-
3
3
10
9
4
2
6
5
9
9
6
5
9
3
19
13
47
27
40
24
32
15
35
7
20
12
16
1
4
2
5
5
-
1
1
4
4
-
_
4
4
-
1
-
4
3
6
6
1
1
1
1
3
3
11
11
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
_
4
4
-
-
*
4
3
1
1
8
4
7
5
11
4
22
3
4
1
14
-
2
-
-
“
4
4
-
-
-
135
3 9 .5
1 3 7 .0 0
1 3 9 .5 0
1 2 6 .0 0 -1 5 0 .5 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
2
3
2
5
2
8
13
32
32
19
9
5
1
-
134
42
92
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
3 9 .5
1 0 6 .5 0
1 1 4 .0 0
1 0 3 .0 0
1 0 1 .5 0
1 0 3 .0 0
1 0 0 .5 0
9 2 .0 0 -1 1 6 .0 0
9 6 .5 0 -1 4 3 .0 0
9 0 .0 0 -1 1 4 .5 0
-
-
-
5
5
12
1
11
27
7
20
13
10
3
12
6
6
8
2
6
23
3
20
9
1
8
1
1
-
7
7
-
a
2
6
2
2
-
_
_
_
-
2
2
3
-
2
2
74
1 0 9 .0 0 -1 4 7 .5 0
1 0 9 .5 0 -1 4 9 .0 0
_
-
1
1
_
_
3
3
11
11
19
16
6
5
6
3
9
9
4
4
21
21
1
1
4
-
_
3
_
-
1
-
“
2
2
-
4
1
3
3
7
6
2
1
2
2
1
1
_
_
66
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
1 2 6 .0 0
1 2 8 .0 0
1 1 8 .5 0
1 1 9 .5 0
SWITCHBOARD OPE RAT OR S, C LASS B -----NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
46
42
3 9 .5
4 0 .0
8 0 .5 0
7 8 .5 0
7 3 .0 0
7 2 .5 0
7 0 .5 0 6 9 .0 0 -
8 4 .0 0
8 1 .0 0
1
1
5
5
4
4
SWITCHBOARD O P E R A T O R - R E C E P T I O N I S T S NONMANUFACTURING --------------------------
28
21
4 0 .0
4 0 .0
8 3 .0 0
8 1 .5 0
8 2 .0 0
8 1 .5 0
7 3 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 -
9 2 .0 0
9 1 .0 0
-
-
5
5
See fo o t n o t e s a t end o f t a b le s .
-
“
_
STEN OG RA PHE RS, SE N IO R ---------------------MANUFACTURING -------------------------------
3
"
WOMEN
-
-
_
“
-
3
2
4
3
*
2
2
-
2
2
-
1
1
_
“
3
3
_
1
”
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
-
_
_
1
_
_
-
-
~
-
“
-
-
-
_
_
_
_
_
“
*
“
-
-
_
“
7
T a b le A-1.
O ffic e occupations—men and w om en ---- Continued
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charleston, W. Va. , March 1971)
Weekly earnings 1
( standard)
S e x , o c c u p a t i o n , and in du st r y d i v is i o n
Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of—
50
weekly
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
s
105
110
and
under
Middle range2
(standard)
55
*
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
120
120
s
s
s
130
-
-
130
140
s
140
-
150
s
150
$
160
160
170
170
180
WO ME N - C O NT IN UE D
$
$
$
TYPISTS, CLASS A ----------MA NU FA CT UR IN G -----------
3 9 . 5 [109.00 1 0 5 . 0 0
4 0 . u |115.00 1 1 1 . 5 0
9 2 . 5 0 - 131.00
99.00-136.00
TYPISTS, CLASS B ----------N O NM AN UF AC TU RI NG --------
39.0
39.0
70.5069.50-
82.50
81.00
81.00
79.50
15
14
91.00
86.00
See footnotes at end of tables.
T a b le A -2 .
Professional and technical occupations—men and wom en
(Average straight-time weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charleston, W. V a ., March 1971)
Weekly earnings 1
(standard)
Number
Sex, occupation, and industry division
of
Number of workers receiving straight-time we ekly earnings of-$
Average
weekly
woikers
»
105
Mean2
Median2
Middle range2
(standard)
$
*
s
*
$
S
$
S
$
$
%
*
$
*
S
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
180
185
190
and
under
110
MEN
$
DRAFTSMEN, CLASS C -------------------
18
40.0 154.50 154.50 142.00 -1 70 .5 0
25
40.0 137.50 135.00 12 3. 50 -1 50 .0 0
138.>0 H j . j O
2
40.0 160.00 161.00 14 7.50-173-00
-
-
1
5
5
6
-
-
;
*
1
-
-
3
1
i
3
3
1
-
2
-
-
2
2
2
3
1
WOMEN
NURSES,
INDUSTRIAL
(REGISTERED) ---
See footnotes s.t end of tables.
34
-
-
-
-
1
4
8
2
1
1
8
1
s
180
190
and
190
over
8
T a b le A -3 .
O ffice, professional, and technical occupations—men and wom en combined
( A v e r a g e straight-time w e e k l y h o u r s a n d earnings for selected occupations studied on a n a r e a basis b y industry division, Charleston, W . V a . , M a r c h 1971)
Average
Occupation and industry division
of
workers
OFFICE
Average
Average
Number
Number
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
Weekly
Weekly
earnings 1
(standard)
Occupation and industry division
78
56
39.0
38.5
89.50
85.00
SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONISTSN O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------
28
21
40.0
40.0
83.00
81.50
-----------------
21
38.5
85.00
T Y P I S T S . C L A S S A ----------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------
29
21
39.5
40.0
109.00
115.00
S E C R E T A R I E S -----------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------
267
142
39.5
39.5
141.50
132.00
TYPISTS,
69
59
39.0
39 . 0
82.50
81.00
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S B --------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
41
39
39.0
39.0
129.50
130.00
S E C R E T A R I E S , C L A S S C --------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
81
29
40.0
40.0
153.50
128.50
C O M P U T E R O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S B --------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------
32
18
39.0
40.0
133.00
154.50
D R A F T S M E N , C L A S S C --------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------
25
24
40.0
40.0
137.50
138.50
N U R S E S , I N D U S T R I A L ( R E G I S T E R E D ) --M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------
34
30
40.0
40.0
160.00
161.00
O ccupation a n d industry division
OFFICE
OCCUPATIONS
BILLERS, MACHINE (BILLING
M A C H I N E ) --------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------
25
24
38.5
39.0
$
81.00
79.50
BILLERS, MACHINE (BOOKKEEPING
M A C H I N E ) ----------------------------- ---N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------
18
18
40.0
40.0
76.00
76.00
OCCUPATIONS
BOYS
AND
of
- CONTINUED
K E Y P U N C H O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S B --------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------OFFICE
GIRLS
OFFICE
45
36
40.0
40.0
88.00
84.50
C L E R K S . A C C O U N T I N G , C L A S S A --------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------
101
88
61
40.0
40.0
40.0
129.00
122.50
134.00
C L E R K S , A C C O U N T I N G , C L A S S B --------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------
162
24
138
45
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
95.50
131.00
89.00
109.00
C L E R K S , P A Y R O L L ------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------KEYPUNCH
OPFRATORS.
CLASS
A ---------
M A NU FA CT UR IN G --------------------See footnotes at end of tables,
34
22
24
23
40.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
131.50
146.00
132.00
133.00
--------------------------------
137
39.5
137.00
S T E N O G R A P H E R S , G E N E R A L -------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------------------------
135
42
93
39.5
40.0
39.5
107.00
114.00
103.50
S T E N O G R A P H E R S , S E N I O R ----------------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------
75
67
40.0
40.0
126.00
128.00
S W I T C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R S , C L A S S B ----N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------
46
42
39.5
40.0
80.50
78.50
SECRETARIES,
CLASS
0
Weekly
Weekly
hours 1 earnings 1
(standard) (standard)
OCCUPATIONS - CONTINUED
CLASS
B ------------------------------------------
nonmanufacturing
BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATORS,
C L A S S B ---------------------------------N O N M A N U F A C T U R I N G --------------------
Number
of
woiker*
Weekly
hours 1
[standard)
PROFESSIONAL ANO TECHNICAL
OCCUPATIONS
9
T a b le A -4 .
M ain ten an ce and p o w erp lan t occupations
(Average straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charleston, W. Va.
Hourly earnings3
March 1971)
Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of—
---------- -----------------------------------------*-------*------- *-------5------- i ------- i------- 1-------I ------- $----- ~ i ------- 5-------i ------- *-------5-------i -------$-------$-------*-------$-------1----0
„
....
S e x , o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s t r y d i v is i o n
Nun;ber
of
workers
„ nHpr2.90
unuer
M ean2
M edian2
M iddle ra n g e 2
*
3.00
and
if. 9 0 u n d e r
____________________________________________________________________________________________________3 . 0 0
3.10
-
-
3.10
3.20
3.30
-
3.20
3.40
-
3.30
3.50
-
3.40
3.50
-
3.50
3.70
-
3.60
-
3.80
3.90 4.00
-
-
3.70
3.80
3.90
-
1
1
-
4.10
-
-
4.00 4.10
4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50 4.60 4.70 4-80
-
4.20
-
-
-
4.30 4.40 4.50
-
4.60
-
4.70 4.80
and
over
MEN
$
$
C A R P E N T E R S , M A I N T E N A N C E -------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
122
121
4.52
4.53
4.61
4.61
E L E C T R I C I A N S , M A I N T E N A N C E -----------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
273
271
4.54
4.54
4.49
4.60
E N G I N E E R S , S T A T I O N A R Y ----------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
175
163
4.44
4.49
4.43
4.45
M A C H I N I S T S , M A I N T E N A N C E -------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
138
122
4.42
4.43
MECHANICS, AUTOMOTIVE
( M A I N T E N A N C E ! --------------------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G -----------------------N 0 N M A N U F A C T U R I N G -------------------P U B L I C U T I L I T I E S -----------------
172
38
134
129
M E C H A N I C S , M A I N T E N A N C E ---------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
$
$
4.37- 4.68
4.37- 4.68
-
4.394.39-
-
-
4 . 3 5 - 4.71
4.36- 4.71
2
-
-
4.40
4.40
4.314.31-
4.50
4.57
_
4.22
3.88
4.32
4.34
4.42
4.10
4.63
4.67
4.033.394.204.20-
4.74
4.41
4.75
4.75
1
1
-
368
367
4.52
4.53
4.47
4.47
4.374.37-
4.74
4.74
P A I N T E R S , M A I N T E N A N C E ----------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
86
84
4.49
4.55
4.64
4.65
4.364.36-
P I P E F I T T E R S , M A I N T E N A N C E ------------M A N U F A C T U R I N G ------------------------
480
480
4.54
4.54
4.62
4.62
4.394.39-
S H E E T - ME T A L WOR KE R S , MAI NT E NANCE —
MANUF A C T U R I N G------------------------------
51
51
4.71
4.71
4. 3 8 - 4.76
4.38- 4.76
See footnotes at end of tables.
4. 57
4. 57
4.72
4.72
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
_
1
-
_
_
-
_
6
6
_
1
1
-
-
-
-
4.72
4.73
2
-
-
4.71
4.71
_
_
-
-
1
-
2
1
-
_
_
_
1
1
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
_
1
-
_
-
-
8
-
-
-
_
1
1
_
_
-
_
_
-
4
6
_
-
-
1
1
-
_
_
-
1
1
-
-
-
47
47
18
18
52
52
61
60
-
50
50
85
85
13
13
-
53
53
43
43
-
-
17
17
13
8
37
37
37
26
5
5
10
-
18
2
12
8
16
4
5
5
-
46
46
6
-
5
1
1
-
22
22
1
1
65
2
60
60
2
2
10
10
16
16
4
2
12
10
-
6
6
-
12
12
106
105
88
88
l
1
2
2
155
155
1
l
_
_
5
5
1
1
22
22
-
-
28
28
27
27
-
-
32
32
8
8
88
88
88
88
-
130
130
129
129
-
1
1
15
15
5
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
18
18
-
-
1
1
3
2
24
24
4
-
2
_
-
-
-
-
3
3
21
21
4
1
-
_
_
-
3
-
_
1
_
1
10
10
_
5
-
-
_
4
_
-
-
-
_
-
_
-
-
1
_
-
-
7
_
-
_
-
_
7
2
_
_
-
-
_
22
22
22
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
29
29
-
10
T a b le A -5 .
C u s to d ia l and m a te ria l m o v e m e n t o c c u p a tio n s
Hourly earnings3
%
1 .6 0
Middle range 2
and
under
S
4 .2 0
1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 .2 0
S
t
4 .6 0 4 .8 0
1
1
Mean2 Median2
Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings ofs
S
t
t
$
$
$
$
S
$
i
$
$
t
$
s
.2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 3 . 00 3 .2 0 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0
1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0
o
Sex, occupation, and industry division
Number
of
workers
*
o
o
(Average straight-time hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis by industry division, Charleston, W. V a ., March 1971)
.3 0 2 . 40 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 3 .0 0 3 . 20 3 .4 0 3 .6 0 3 .8 0 4 .0 0 4 .2 0 4 .4 0 4 .6 0 4 .8 0 5 .0 0
MEN
JANITORS, PORTERS, AND CLEANERS -----
520
113
40T
$
3 .7 0
3 .9 9
$
4 .1 2
A. 13
$
$
3 .5 8 - 4 .1 6
3 .6 5
4 .1 7
2 .0 9
3 .1 7
1 .6 9
1 .6 5 - 2 .4 8
2 . 7 1 - 3 .5 6
41
2
39
3*35
2-1
fn
-----------------------------------------
281
201
^*03
TRUCKDRIVERS
1
1 * flQ
16
3 .1 2
3 .0 5
2 . 5 6 - 3 .7 3
460
3 .6 9
3 .9 4
3 .8 5
3 . 2 1 - 4 .2 6
3 . 2 9 - 4 .0 5
1.
2.
14
18
**
rA
21
3
*
2
2
8
10
15
^
? .0rw:
2
1
8
3
5
7
16
5
10
1
3
1
2
2
:
1
3
2
1
i
-
3
21
2
3
19
13
10
3
6
-
15
81
77
5
-
26
26
~
-
“
“
7
1
“
”
“
“
~
68
60
55
53
80
24
~
~
TRUCKDRIVERS, LIGHT (UNDER
1 - 1 /2 TONS)
--------—
“ — —
NOnMANUFAC TUKING —————
— ——
135
4 .5 1
4 .6 3
4 . 2 6 - 4 .8 2
30
29
2 .0 6
2 .0 2
1 .9 4
1 .9 4
1 .7 0 - 1 .9 9
1 .6 9 - 1 .98
37
37
4
21
21
7
29
19
5?
3
2 .1
...0 6
95
27
3 .9 9
3 .4 3
4 .2 3
3 .3 3
3 . 7 2 - 4 .2 7
3 .0 8 - 3 .6 6
97
3 .7 9
3 .8 2
2 . 9 8 - 4 .6 2
5-i
38
2 95
3 .3 5
5
8
J
j?
Ir6
2
6
3
1
3
TRUCKDRIVERS, MEDIUM ( 1 - 1 / 2 TO
1 .8 6 - 2 .7 5
8
TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,
manufacturing
— ———
———————————
J
See footnotes at end of tables.
2
8
3 .2 9
2 . 6 6 - 4 .0 3
2
ru
TRUCKDRIVERS, HEAVY (OVER 4 TONS,
MANUFACTURING ———— ———— —— ————
“
~
-
~
u
10
PUBLIC UTILITIES -------------------
~
~~
ii
J
5
3
3
15
15
2
2
7
2
1
3
7
1
7
6
12
2
13
37
A2
37
40
A-e
11
F o o tn o te s
1
r e g u la r
2
S ta n d a rd h o u rs
a n d /o r p r e m iu m
The m ean
is
p o s it io n — h a lf o f th e
2
ra tes
3
r e f l e c t th e w o r k w e e k f o r w h ic h
r a te s),
a n d th e
c o m p u te d fo r
e m p lo y e e s
p r e m iu m
p a y fo r
r e c e iv e
e a rn le s s
o v e r tim e
e m p lo y e e s
corresp on d
e a c h jo b b y to ta lin g
su rveyed
o f p a y ; a fo u r th o f th e w o r k e r s
E x c lu d e s
e a r n in g s
m ore
th e
e a r n in g s
th a n th e
th a n th e lo w e r
and fo r w o rk
r e c e iv e
ra te
r e g u la r
of a ll w o r k e r s
s tr a ig h t-tim e
s a la r ie s
an d d iv id in g b y th e n u m b e r
sh o w n ; h a lf r e c e iv e
o f th ese
on w e e k e n d s,
\
th e ir
(e x c lu s iv e
o f p a y fo r
o v e r tim e
at
to t h e s e w e e k ly h o u r s .
ra te s
le s s
and a fo u rth
h o lid a y s ,
an d la te
th a n th e
ra te
of w o rk e rs.
show n .
e a r n m o r e th a n th e h ig h e r
s h ifts .
T h e m e d ia n d e s ig n a te s
T h e m id d le
ra te.
ran ge
is
d e fin e d b y
A p p e n d ix .
O c c u p a tio n a l D e s c rip tio n s
The prim ary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the B ureau's wage surveys is to a s s is t its field staff in classifying into appropriate
occupations w orkers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangem ents from establishment to establishment and
from area to area .
This perm its the grouping of occupational wage rates representing com parable job content.
Because of this emphasis on
inter establishm ent and interarea com parability of occupational content, the B ureau's job descriptions may differ significantly from those in use in
individual establishm ents or those prepared for other purposes.
In applying these job descriptions, the B ureau's field econom ists are instructed
to exclude working sup ervisors; apprentices; learn ers; beginners; trainees; and handicapped, p a rt-tim e, tem porary, and probationary w orkers.
O F F IC E
B IL LE R ,
C LER K ,
MACHINE
P repares statem ents, b ills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electro m atic typewriter.
M ay also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other
clerical work incidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, b ille r s , m achine, are
classified by type of m achine, as follow s:
B iller, machine (billing m achine). U ses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott
F ish er, Burroughs, etc ., which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills
and invoices from cu stom ers' purchase o rd ers, internally prepared ord ers, shipping m em o
randum s, etc. U sually involves application of predeterm ined discounts and shipping ch arges,
and entry of n ecessa ry extensions, which m ay or m ay not be computed on the billing machine,
and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves
a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold
machine.
C la ss B. Sorts, codes, and file s unclassified m aterial by simple (subject matter) head
ings "o r - partly classified m aterial by finer subheadings. P repares simple related index and
c ro s s -re fe re n c e aids. A s requested, locates clearly identified m aterial in files and forwards
m aterial.
May perform related clerical tasks required to maintain and service file s .
C la ss C . P erform s routine filing of m aterial that has already been classified or which
is e a sily classified in a simple serial classification system (e .g ., alphabetical, chronological,
or num erical). A s requested, locates readily available m aterial in file s and forwards m a
terial; and m ay fill out withdrawal charge. P erform s simple clerical and manual tasks r e
quired to maintain and service file s .
B iller, machine (bookkeeping m achine). U ses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott
F ish er, Remington Rand, e tc ., which m ay or m ay not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare
cu stom ers' b ills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves t;he sim ulta
neous entry of figures on cu stom ers' ledger record. The machine autom atically accumulates
figures on a number of vertical columns and com putes, and usually prints autom atically the
debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowledge of bookkeeping. W orks from uniform
and standard types of sales and credit slip s.
C LER K ,
Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, E lliott F ish er, Sundstrand, Burroughs,
National Cash R egister, with or without a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business
transactions.
C lass A .
Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic
bookkeeping principles, and fam iliarity with the structure of the particular accounting system
used. D eterm ines proper records and distribution of debit and credit item s to be used in each
phase of the work. May prepare consolidated rep orts, balance sheets, and other records
by hand.
C LER K ,
C lass B. Keeps a record of one or m ore phases or sections of a set of records usually
requiring little knowledge of basic bookkeeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable,
payroll, cu stom ers' accounts (not including a sim ple type of billing described under b ille r,
machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, inventory control, etc. May check or a s s is t
in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department.
ACCOUNTING
C lass A . Under general direction of a bookkeeper or accountant, has responsibility for
keeping one or m ore sections of a complete set of books or records relating to one phase
of an establishm ent's business transactions. W ork involves posting and balancing subsidiary
ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or accounts payable; examining and coding
invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; and requires judgment and exp eri
ence in making proper assignations and allocations. May a s s is t in preparing, adjusting, and
closing journal entries; and m ay direct class B accounting clerk s.
P A YR O LL
Computes wages of company em ployees ana enters the n ecessary data on the payroll
sheets. Duties involve: Calculating w orkers' earnings based on time or production reco rds; and
posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as w orker's name, working
days, tim e, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and
a s s is t paym aster in making up and distributing pay envelopes.
May use a calculating machine.
C O M P TO M ETE R OPERATOR
P rim ary duty is to operate a Com ptom eter to perform mathem atical computations. This
job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk , which m ay involve f r e
quent use of a Com ptom eter but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to perform ance of
other duties.
KEYPUNCH OPERATOR
C lass B. Under supervision, perform s one or m ore routine accounting operations such
as posting Simple journal vouchers or accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in
voucher reg isters; reconciling bank accounts; and posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by
general led gers, or posting simple cost accounting data. This job does not require a knowl
edge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the m ore routine
accounting work is subdivided on a functional basis among several w orkers.
ORDER
R eceives cu stom ers' orders for m aterial or merchandise by m ail, phone, or personally.
Duties involve any combination of the follow ing: Quoting prices to cu stom ers; making out an order
sheet listing the item s to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of item s on order
sheet; and distributing order sheets to respective departments to be filled. M ay check with credit
department to determ ine credit rating of cu stom er, acknowledge receipt of orders from cu stom ers,
follow up orders to see that they have been filled , keep file of orders received, and check shipping
invoices with original ord ers.
B OO KKEEPING-M ACH INE OPERATOR
C LER K .
FILE
C lass A . In an established filing system containing a number of varied subject matter
file s , c la ssifie s and indexes file m aterial such as correspondence, rep orts, technical docu
m ents, etc. May also file this m aterial. May keep records of various types in conjunction
with the file s .
May lead a sm all group of lower level file clerk s.
13
C la ss A . Operates a num erical an d/or alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to
transcribe data from various source documents to keypunch tabulating card s. P erform s same
tasks as lower level keypunch operator but, in addition, work requires application of coding
skills and the making of some determ inations, for exam ple, locates on the source document
the item s to be punched; extracts information from several documents; and searches for and
interprets information on the document to determine information to be punched. May train
inexperienced operators.
14
KEYPUNCH OPERATO R — Continued
C lass B.
Under close supervision or following specific procedures or instructions,
tran scrib es data from source documents to punched card s. Operates a num erical an d/or
alphabetical or combination keypunch machine to keypunch tabulating card s. M ay verify card s.
Working fro m various standardized source docum ents, follows specified sequences which have
been coded or prescribed in detail and require little or no selecting, coding, or interpreting
of data to be punched. P roblem s arising from erroneous item s or codes, m issin g information,
e tc ., are referred to supervisor.
SE CR E TAR Y— Continued
d. Secretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in a ll, over 5 ,0 0 0 p e rso n s; or
e.
Secretary to the head of a large and important organizational segment (e .g ., a middle
management supervisor of an organizational segment often involving as many as several
hundred persons) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 2 5 ,0 0 0 p erson s.
C lass C
OFFICE BOY OR GIRL
P erform s various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office m a
chines such as sea lers or m a ile rs , opening and distributing m ail, and other minor clerical work.
SE CR E TAR Y
Assign ed as personal secreta ry, norm ally to one individual. Maintains a close and highly
responsive relationship to the d a y -to -d a y work activities of the sup ervisor. Works fairly inde
pendently receiving a m inim um of detailed supervision and guidance.
P erform s varied clerical
and secreta ria l duties, usually including m ost of the follow ing: (a) Receives telephone ca lls,
personal c a lle r s, and incoming m a il, answers routine inqu iries, and routes the technical inquiries
to the proper persons; (b) estab lish es, m aintains, and revises the sup ervisor's file s ; (c) maintains
the su p ervisor's calendar and m akes appointments as instructed; (d) relays m essages from super
visor to subordinates; (e) review s correspondence, m em orandum s, and reports prepared by others
for the su p ervisor’ s signature to assu re procedural and typographic accuracy; and (f) perform s
stenographic and typing work.
May also perform other clerica l and secreta ria l tasks of com parable nature and difficulty.
The work typically requires knowledge of office routine and understanding of the organization,
p rogram s, and procedures related to the work of the sup ervisor.
Exclusions
Not a ll positions that are titled "s e c r e t a r y " p o sse ss the above ch aracteristics. Exam ples
of positions which are excluded from the definition are as follow s: (a) Positions which do not m eet
the "p e r so n a l" secreta ry concept described above; (b) stenographers not fully trained in secretarial
type duties; (c) stenographers serving as office assistan ts to a group of professional, technical,
or m anagerial persons; (d) secreta ry positions in which the duties are either substantially m ore
routine or substantially m ore com plex and responsible than those characterized in the definition;
and (e) assistant type positions which involve m ore difficult or m ore responsible technical, admin
istrative, sup ervisory, or specialized cle rica l duties which are not typical of secretarial work.
N O T E : The term "corp o rate o f f i c e r ," used in the level definitions following, refers to
those officials who have a significant corporate-w ide policymaking role with regard to m ajor
company activities. The title "v ic e p re s id e n t," though norm ally indicative of this role, does not
in all cases identify such positions. Vice presidents whose prim ary responsibility is to act per
sonally on individual cases or transactions ( e .g ., approve or deny individual loan or credit actions;
administer individual trust accounts; directly supervise a clerical staff) are not considered to be
"corpo rate o ffic e r s " for purposes of applying the following level definitions.
C la ss A
all,
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
over 100 but few er than 5 ,0 0 0 p e rso n s; or
b. Secretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in a ll, over 5, 000 but few er than 25, 000 p e rson s; or
c. Secretary to the head (im m ediately below the corporate officer level) of a m ajor
segm ent or subsidiary of a company that em ploys, in a ll, over 2 5 ,0 0 0 p erson s.
C la ss B
all,
a. Secretary to the chairman of the board or president of a company that em ploys, in
fewer than 100 p e rso n s; or
b. S ecretary to a corporate officer (other than the chairman of the board or president)
of a company that em ploys, in a ll, over 100 but few er than 5 ,0 0 0 p e rso n s; or
c. S ecretary to the head (im m ediately below the officer level) over either a m ajor
corporate -w ide functional activity (e .g ., m arketing, resea rch , operations, industrial re la tions, etc.) or a m ajor geographic or organizational segm ent (e .g ., a regional headquarters;
a m ajor division) of a company that em ploys, in all, over 5 ,0 0 0 but few er than 2 5 ,0 0 0
em ployees; or
a. S ecretary to an executive or m anagerial person whose responsibility is not equivalent
to one of the specific level situations in the definition for class B , but whose subordinate staff
norm ally numbers at least several dozen em ployees and is usually divided into organizational
segm ents which are often, in turn, further subdivided. In som e com panies, this level includes
a wide range of organizational echelons; in oth ers, only one or two; o£
b. S ecretary to the head of an individual plant, factory, etc. (or other equivalent level
of official) that em ploys, in all, few er than 5, 000 p erson s.
C lass D
a. Secretary to the supervisor or head of a sm all organizational unit ( e .g ., fewer than
about 25 or 30 person s); cir
b.
Secretary to a nonsupervisory staff specia list, professional em ployee, adm inistra
tive o fficer, or assistan t, skilled technician or expert.
(N O TE; Many companies assign
stenographers, rather than secre ta rie s as described above, to this level of supervisory or
nonsupervisory w orker.)
STENOGRAPHER,
G EN ER AL
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a norm al routine vocabulary from one or m ore
persons either in shorthand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine; and transcribe dictation. May
also type from written copy. May maintain file s , keep sim ple reco rd s, or perform other relatively
routine clerical tasks.
May operate from a stenographic pool. Does not include transcribingmachine work.
(See transcribing-m achine op erator.)
STENOGRAPHER,
SENIOR
P rim ary duty is to take dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary
such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research from one or m ore persons either in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar m achine; and transcribe dictation. May also type from written
copy.
May also set up and maintain file s , keep reco rd s, etc.
OR
P erform s stenographic duties requiring significantly greater independence and responsi
bility than stenographers, general as evidenced by the following: Work requires high degree of
stenographic speed and accuracy; and a thorough working knowledge of general business and office
procedures and of the specific business operations, organization, po licies, procedures, file s,
workflow, etc.
U ses this knowledge in perform ing stenographic duties and responsible clerical
tasks such a s , maintaining followup file s ; assem bling m aterial for rep orts, m em orandum s, letters,
etc .; composing sim ple letters from general instructions; reading and routing incoming m ail; and
answering routine questions, etc. Does not include transcribing-m achine work.
SWITCHBOARD OPERATO R
C la ss A . O perates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office calls. P e rfo rm s full telephone inform ation service or handles
com plex c a lls , such as conference, collect, o v e rsea s, or sim ila r ca lls, either in addition to
doing routine work as described for switchboard operator, c la ss B , or as a fu ll-tim e
assignm ent. ( "F u l l " telephone inform ation service occurs when the establishm ent has varied
functions that are not readily understandable for telephone inform ation pu rposes, e .g ., because
of overlapping or interrelated functions, and consequently present frequent problem s as to
which extensions are appropriate for ca lls.)
C la ss B . O perates a single- or m ultiple-position telephone switchboard handling incoming,
outgoing, intraplant or office c a lls. M ay handle routine long distance ca lls and record tolls.
M ay p erform lim ited telephone information service . ("L im ite d " telephone information service
occurs if the functions of the establishm ent serviced are readily understandable for telephone
information purposes, or if the requests are routine, e .g ., giving extension num bers when
specific names are furnished, or if com plex calls are referred to another operator.)
15
SWITCHBOARD O PE R A TO R -R EC EP TIO N IST
TA BU LATIN G -M A CH IN E OPERATOR— Continued
In addition to perform ing duties of operator on a single-position or m onitor-type switch
board, acts as receptionist and m ay also type or perform routine clerical work as part of regular
duties.
This typing or clerical work m ay take the m ajor part of this w ork er's time while at
switchboard.
C lass C. Operates simple tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the
so rter, reproducing punch, collator, etc ., with specific instructions. May include simple
wiring from diagram s and som e filing work. The work typically involves portions of a work
unit, for exam ple, individual sorting or collating runs or repetitive operations.
TRANSCRIBING-M ACHINE O PE R A TO R ,
TABU LA TIN G -M ACH INE O PERATO R
C lass A . O perates a variety of tabulating or electrical accounting m achines, typically
including such m achines as the tabulator, calculator, interpreter, collator, arid others.
P erform s com plete reporting assignm ents without close supervision, and perform s difficult
wiring as required.
The complete reporting and tabulating assignm ents typically involve a
variety of long and com plex reports which often are of irregular or nonrecurring type r e
quiring som e planning and sequencing of steps to be taken. A s a m ore experienced operator,
is typically involved in training new operators in machine operations, or partially trained
operators in wiring from diagram s and operating sequences of long and com plex reports.
Does not include working supervisors perform ing tabulating-m achine operations and d a y -to day supervision of the work and production of a group of tabulating-m achine operators.
C lass B . Operates m ore difficult tabulating or electrical accounting machines such as the
tabulator and calculator, in addition to the s o rte r, reproducer, and collator.
This work is
perform ed under specific instructions and m ay include the perform ance of som e wiring from
diagram s. The work typically involves, for exam ple, tabulations involving a repetitive
accounting ex e rc ise , a complete but sm all tabulating study, or parts of a longer and m ore
com plex report. Such reports and studies are usually of a recurring nature where the pro
cedures are w ell established. May also include the training of new em ployees in the basic
operation of the machine.
G ENERAL
P rim ary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from
transcribing-m achine reco rds. M ay also type from written copy and do simple clerical work.
W orkers transcribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as legal
briefs or reports on scientific research are not included. A worker who takes dictation in short
hand or by Stenotype or sim ilar machine is classified as a stenographer, general.
TYPIST
U ses a typewriter to make copies of various m aterial or to make out bills after calcula
tions have been made by another person. May include typing of sten cils, m ats, or sim ilar m ate
rials for use in duplicating p ro c e sse s. M ay do clerical work involving little special training, such
as keeping sim ple reco rd s, filing records and rep orts, or sorting and distributing incoming m ail.
C lass A . P erform s one or m ore of the following: Typing m aterial in final form when it
involves combining m aterial from several sources or responsibility for correct spelling,
syllabication, punctuation, etc ., of technical or unusual words or foreign language m aterial;
and planning layout and typing of complicated statistical tables to maintain uniformity and
balance in spacing. M ay type routine form letters varying details to suit circum stances.
C lass B . P erform s one or m ore of the following: Copy typing from rough or clear drafts;
routine typing of fo r m s , insurance p o licies, etc.; and setting up sim ple standard tabulations,
or copying m ore com plex tables already setup and spaced properly.
P R O F E S S IO N A L A N D T E C H N IC A L
C OM PUTER O PE R A TO R
C OM P UTER PRO GR AM ER,
M onitors and operates the control console of a digital computer to p ro cess data according
to operating instructions, usually prepared by a pro gram er. W ork includes m ost of the following:
Studies instructions to determ ine equipment setup and operations; loads equipment with required
item s (tape re e ls, card s, dtc.); switches n e cessary auxiliary equipment into circu it, and starts
and operates com puter; makes adjustments to computer to correct operating problem s and m eet
special conditions; review s e rro rs made during operation and determ ines cause or refers problem
to supervisor or pro gram er; and maintains operating reco rds. M ay test and a ssist in correcting
program .
Converts statem ents of business pro blem s, typically prepared by a system s analyst, into
a sequence of detailed instructions which are required to solve the problem s by automatic data
p rocessing equipment.
Working from charts or diagram s, the program er develops the p recise
instructions which, when entered into the computer system in coded language, cause the manipu
lation of data to achieve desired resu lts. Work involves m ost of the following: Applies knowledge
of computer capabilities, m athem atics, logic employed by com puters, and particular subject m atter
involved to analyze charts and diagram s of the problem to be program ed.
D evelops sequence
of program steps, w rites detailed flow charts to show order in which data w ill be processed ;
converts these charts to coded instructions for machine to follow ; tests and corrects program s;
prepares instructions for operating personnel during production run; analyzes, review s, and alters
program s to increase operating efficiency or adapt to new requirem ents; maintains records of
program development and revisions. (NO TE: W orkers perform ing both system s analysis and p ro
graming should be classified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determine their pay.)
F or wage study purposes,
computer operators are classified as follow s;
C lass A . O perates independently, or under only general direction, a computer running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: New program s are frequently tested and
introduced; scheduling requirem ents are of critical importance to m inim ize downtime; the
program s are of com plex design so that identification of erro r source often requires a working
knowledge of the total program , and alternate program s m ay not be available.
May give
direction and guidance to low er level operators.
C lass B . O perates independently, or under only general direction, a computer running
program s with m ost of the following ch aracteristics: M ost of the program s are established
production runs, typically run on a regularly recurring b a s is ; there is little or no testing
of new program s required; alternate program s are provided in case original program needs
m ajor change or cannot be corrected within a reasonable tim e. In com m on e rro r situations,
diagnoses cause and takes corrective action. This usually involves applying previously p ro
gram ed corrective steps, or using standard correction techniques.
BUSINESS
Does not include em ployees prim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data p rocessing (EDP) em ployees, or program ers prim arily concerned with
scientific an d /o r engineering problem s.
F o r wage study purposes, program ers are classified as follow s:
C lass A . W orks independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s which
require competence in a ll phases of program ing concepts and practices. Working from dia
gram s and charts which identify the nature of desired resu lts, m ajor processing steps to be
accom plished, and the relationships between various steps of the problem solving routine;
plans the full range of program ing actions needed to efficiently utilize the computer system
in achieving desired end products.
OR
Operates under direct su p ervision s computer running program s or segm ents of program s
with the characteristics described for class A. May a ssist a higher level operator by inde
pendently perform ing le s s difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing difficult tasks following
detailed instructions and with frequent review of operations perform ed.
C lass C . W orks on routine program s under close supervision.
Is expected to develop
working knowledge of the computer equipment used and ability to detect problem s involved in
running routine p rogram s. U sually has received som e form al training in computer operation.
M ay a ssist higher level operator on com plex program s.
At this level, program ing is difficult because computer equipment m ust be organized to
produce several interrelated but diverse products from numerous and diverse data elem ents.
A wide variety and extensive number of internal processing actions m ust occur. This requires
such actions as development of common operations which can be reused, establishm ent of
linkage points between operations, adjustments to data when program requirem ents exceed
computer storage capacity, and substantial manipulation and resequencing of data elem ents
to form a highly integrated program .
May provide functional direction to lower level program ers who are assigned to a ssist.
16
COM PUTER P R O G R AM E R ,
BUSINESS— Continued
COM PUTER SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T ,
C lass B . W orks independently or under only general direction on relatively sim ple
p ro gram s, or on sim ple segm ents of com plex pro gram s. P r ogram s (or segments) usually
p ro cess inform ation to produce data in two or three varied sequences or form ats. Reports
and listings are produced by refining, adapting, arraying, or making m inor additions to or
deletions from input data which are readily available.
While numerous records m ay be
p ro cessed , the data have been refined in prior actions so that the accuracy and sequencing
of data can be tested by using a few routine checks.
Typically, the program deals with
routine record-keeping type operations.
OR
W orks on com plex program s (as described for class A) under close direction of a higher
level program er or sup ervisor.
May a s s is t higher level p rogram er by independently p e r
form ing le s s difficult tasks assigned, and perform ing m ore difficult tasks under fa irly close
direction.
May guide or instruct low er level p ro gram ers.
BUSINESS
Analyzes business problem s to form ulate procedures for solving them by use of electronic
data processing equipment. D evelops a com plete description of a ll specifications needed to enable
pro gram ers to prepare required digital com puter p ro gram s. Work involves m ost of the following;
A nalyzes su b ject-m atter operations to be automated and identifies conditions and criteria required
to achieve satisfactory re su lts; specifies number and types of reco rd s, file s , and documents to
be used; outlines actions to be perform ed by personnel and com puters in sufficient detail for
presentation to m anagement and for program ing (typically this involves preparation of work and
data flow ch arts); coordinates the development of test problem s and participates in trial runs of
new and revised sy stem s; and recom m ends equipment changes to obtain m ore effective overall
operations. (NO TE: W ork ers perform ing both system s analysis and program ing should be c l a s
sified as system s analysts if this is the skill used to determ ine their pay.)
Does not include "em ployees p rim arily responsible for the management or supervision of
other electronic data processing (EDP) em ployees, or system s analysts p rim arily concerned with
scientific or engineering problem s.
F or wage study pu rposes,
OR
W orks on a segm ent of a Complex data processing schem e or system , as described for
class A. W orks independently on routine assignm ents and receives instruction and guidance
on com plex assignm ents. W ork is reviewed for accuracy of judgment, compliance with in
structions, and to insure proper alinement with the overall system .
C lass C . W orks under im m ediate supervision, carrying out analyses as assigned, usually
of a single activity. A ssign m ents are designed to develop and expand practical experience
in the application of procedures and skills required for system s analysis work. F or example,
m ay a s s is t a higher level system s analyst by preparing the detailed specifications required
by program ers from information developed by the higher level analyst.
D RAFTSM AN
C la ss C . M akes p ra ctical applications of program ing p ractices and concepts usually
learned in form al training cou rses. Assign m ents are designed to develop competence in the
application of standard procedures to routine pro blem s. R eceives close supervision on new
aspects of assignm ents; and work is reviewed to v erify its accuracy and conform ance with
required procedures.
COM PUTER SYSTEM S A N A L Y S T ,
BUSINESS— Continued
maintaining accounts receivable in a retail establishm ent, or maintaining inventory accounts
in a manufacturing or. w holesale establishm ent.) Confers with persons concerned to determine
the data p rocessing problem s and advises sub ject-m atter personnel on the im plications of the
data processing system s to be applied.
system s analysts are cla ssified as follow s;
C lass A . W orks independently or under only general direction on com plex problem s
involving all phases of system s an alysis. P rob lem s are com plex because of diverse sources
of input data and m u ltip le-u se requirem ents of output data. (For exam ple, develops an inte
grated production scheduling, inventory control, cost an alysis, and sales analysis record in
which every item of each type is automatically pro cessed through the full system of records
and appropriate followup actions are initiated by the com puter.) Confers with persons con
cerned to determ ine the data p rocessing problem s and advises su b ject-m atter personnel on
the im plications of new or revised system s of data processing operations.
M akes re co m
mendations, if needed, for approval of m ajor system s installations or changes and for
obtaining equipment.
May provide functional direction to low er level system s analysts who are assigned to
a ssist.
C lass B . W orks independently or under only general direction on problem s that are
relatively uncomplicated to analyze, plan, program , and operate. P roblem s are of lim ited
com plexity because sou rces of input data are homogeneous and the output data are closely
related.
(For exam ple, develops system s for maintaining depositor accounts in a bank,
C lass A . Plans the graphic presentation of com plex item s having distinctive design
features that differ significantly from established drafting precedents. W orks in close sup
port with the design originator, and m ay recom mend minor design changes.
Analyzes the
effect of each change on the details of form , function, and positional relationships of com
ponents and parts.
W orks with a m inim um of supervisory assistan ce.
Completed work is
reviewed by design originator for consistency with prior engineering determinations.
May
either prepare drawings, or direct their preparation by lower level draftsm en.
C lass B . P e rfo rm s nonroutine and com plex drafting assignm ents that require the appli
cation of m ost of the standardized drawing techniques regularly used.
Duties typically in
volve such work a s: P rep ares working drawings of subassem blies with irregu lar shapes,
multiple functions, and pre cise positional relationships between components; prepares arch i
tectural drawings for construction of a building including detail drawings of foundations, wall
sections, floor plans, and roof. U ses accepted form ulas and manuals in making n ecessary
computations to determ ine quantities of m aterials to be used, load capacities, strengths,
s tr e s s e s , etc.
R eceives initial instructions, requirem ents, and advice from supervisor.
Completed work is checked for technical adequacy.
C lass C . P rep ares detail drawings of single units or parts for engineering, construction,
manufacturing, or repair purposes. Types of drawings prepared include isom etric projections
(depicting three dim insions in accurate scale) and sectional views to clarify positioning of
components and convey needed information. Consolidates details from a number of sources
and adjusts or transposes scale as required.
Suggested methods of approach, applicable
precedents, and advice on source m aterials are given with initial assignm ents. Instructions
are le ss com plete when assignm ents recu r.
W ork m ay be spot-checked during p ro gress.
D R A F T SM A N -T R A C E R
Copies plans and drawings prepared by others by placing tracing cloth or paper over
drawings and tracing with pen or pencil.
(Does not include tracing lim ited to plans prim arily
consisting of straight lines and a large scale not requiring close delineation.)
an d/or
P repares sim ple or repetitive drawings of easily visualized item s.
during p ro g ress.
W ork is clo sely supervised
NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (Registered)
A registered nurse who gives nursing service under general m edical direction to ill or
injured em ployees or other persons who becom e ill or suffer an accident on the p re m ises of a
factory or other establishm ent. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid
to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of em ployees' injuries; keeping records
of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; assisting in
physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and em ployees; and planning and ca rry
ing out program s involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment,
or other activities affecting the health, w elfare, and safety of all personnel.
M A IN T E N A N C E A l' D P O W E R P L A N T
C AR PE N T ER ,
M AINTENANCE
P e rfo rm s the carpentry duties n ecessa ry to construct and maintain in good repair building
woodwork and equipment such as bins, crib s, counters, benches, partitions, doors, flo o rs , sta irs,
casings, and trim made of wood in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning
and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, m odels, or verbal instructions using a variety
C A R PE N T ER ,
M AINTENANCE— Continued
of carp enter's handtools, portable power to o ls, and standard m easuring instrum ents; making
standard shop computations relating to dim ensions of work; and selecting m aterials necessary
for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and
experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
17
ELEC TR ICIA N , M AINTENANCE
M ECH AN IC,
P e rform s a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance,
or repair of equipment for the generation, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an
establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of
electrical equipment such as gen erators, tra n sfo r m e rs, sw itchboards, con trollers, circuit break
e r s , m o to rs, heating units, conduit sy stem s, or other tran sm ission equipment; working from
blueprints, drawings, layouts, or other specifications; locating and diagnosing trouble in the
electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirem ents of
wiring or electrical equipment; and using a variety of electrician 's handtools and m easuring and
testing instrum ents. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded train
ing and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and
experience.
the various assem b lies in the vehicle and making n ecessary adjustments; and alining w heels,
adjusting brakes and light6, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive
mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al appren
ticeship or equivalent training and experience.
ENGINEER, STATIONARY
Operates and maintains and m ay also supervise the operation of stationary engines and
equipment (mechanical or electrical) to supply the establishm ent in which employed with power,
heat, refrigeration , or air-conditioning.
Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment
such as steam engines, air co m p re sso rs, gen erators, m o to rs, turbines, ventilating and re fr ig
erating equipment, steam boilers and b o ile r-fe d water pum ps; making equipment rep airs; and
keeping a record of operation of m achinery, tem perature, and fuel consumption. May also su
p ervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishm ents employing m ore than one
engineer are excluded.
FIR EM A N , STATION AR Y BOILER
F ire s stationary boilers to furnish the establishm ent in which employed with heat, power,
or steam . Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a m echanical stoker, or gas or oil burner;
and checks water and safety valves. M ay clean, o il, or a ssist in repairing boilerroom equipment.
H E L P E R , M AIN TENANCE TRADES
A s s is t s one or m ore w orkers in the skilled maintenance tra d e s, by perform ing specific
or general duties of le s s e r sk ill, such as keeping a w orker supplied with m aterials and tools;
cleaning .working area , machine, and equipment; assistin g journeym an by holding m aterials or
to o ls; and perform ing other unskilled tasks as directed by journeym an.
The kind of work the
helper is perm itted to perform varies from trade to trade: In som e trades the helper is con
fined to supplying, lifting, and holding m aterials and tools and cleaning working area s; and in
others he is perm itted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are
also perform ed by w orkers on a fu ll-tim e b a sis.
M A C H IN E -T O O L O P E R A TO R ,
TOOLROOM
Specializes in the operation of one or m ore types of machine to o ls , such as jig b o r e rs,
cylindrical or surface grind ers, engine lathes, or m illing m achines, in the construction of
m achine-shop to o ls, gages, jig s , fixtures, or dies. Work involves m ost of the following: Plan
ning and perform ing difficult machining operations; p rocessing item s requiring com plicated setups
or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of p recision m easuring instrum ents; selecting feed s,
speeds, tooling, and operation sequence; and making n e cessary adjustments during operation to
achieve requisite tolerances or dim ensions. M ay be required to recognize when tools need d r e s s
ing, to d ress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating o ils . For c r o s s
industry wage study purposes, m achine-tool op erators, toolroom , in tool and die jobbing shops
are excluded from this classification.
MACHINIST, M AINTENANCE
Produces replacem ent parts and new parts in making repairs of m etal parts of mechan
ical equipment operated in an establishm ent. W ork involves m ost of the following: Interpreting
written instructions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of m a
chinist's handtools and p recision m easuring instrum ents; setting up and operating standard machine
tools; shaping of m etal parts to close toleran ces; making standard shop computations relating to
dimensions of w ork, tooling, feed s, and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties
of the common m etals; selecting standard m a teria ls, p a rts, and equipment required for his work;
and fitting and assem bling parts into m echanical equipment. In general, the m achinist's work
norm ally requires a rounded training in m achine-shop practice usually acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
M ECH AN IC,
AUTOM OTIVE (Maintenance)
Repairs autom obiles, bu ses, m otortrucks, and tractors of an establishm ent. Work in
volves m ost of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
disassem bling equipment and perform ing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as
w renches, gages, d r ills , or specialized equipment in disassem bling or fitting parts; replacing
broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassem bling and installing
AU TOM O TIVE (Maintenance)---- Continued
M ECH AN IC, M AINTENANCE
R epairs m achinery or m echanical equipment of an establishm ent. Work involves most
of the following: Examining machines and m echanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble;
dismantling or partly dismantling machines and perform ing repairs that m ainly involve the use
of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with item s obtained
from stock; ordering the production of a replacem ent part by a machine shop or sending of the
machine to a machine shop for m ajor rep airs; preparing written specifications for m ajor repairs
or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassem bling m achines; and making
all n e cessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance mechanic r e
quires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or
equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are w orkers whose prim ary
duties involve setting up or adjusting machines.
M ILLW RIGHT
Installs new machines or heavy equipment, and dism antles and installs machines or
heavy equipment when changes in the plant layout are required. Work involves most of the fo l
lowing: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using
a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop computations relating to s tr e s s e s ,
strength of m aterials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting stand
ard to o ls, equipment, and parts to be used; and installing and maintaining in good order power
tran sm ission equipment such as drives and speed reducers. In general, the m illw right's work
norm ally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a form al
apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
OILER
L u bricates, with oil or g rea se, the moving parts
equipment of an establishm ent.
or wearing surfaces
of mechanical
PA IN T E R , M AINTENANCE
Paints and redecorates w alls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishm ent. Work in
volves the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different
applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler
in nail holes and interstices; and applying paint with spray gun or brush. May m ix c o lo rs, o ils,
white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the
work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through
a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
P IP E F IT T E R , M AINTENANCE
Installs or repairs w ater, steam , gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an
establishm ent.
Work involves m ost of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to lo
cate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe
to correct lengths with chisel and hamm er or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; thread
ing pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or pow er-driven m achines; assem bling
pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating
to p re s s u re s , flow, and size of pipe required; and making standard tests to determine whether
finished pipes m eet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience. W orkers p rim arily engaged in installing and repairing building sanita
tion or heating system s are excluded.
P L U M B ER , M AIN TE N A N C E
Keeps the plumbing system of an establishm ent in good order. W ork involves: Knowledge
of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system ; installing or r e
pairing pipes and fixtures; and opening clogged drains with a plunger or p lu m b er's snake. In
general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually
acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience.
S H E E T -M E T A L W ORKER, M AINTENANCE
F a b ricates, in stalls, and maintains in good repair the sheet-m etal equipment and fix
tures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lock ers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts,
m etal roofing) of an establishm ent.
W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning and laying
out all types of sheet-m etal maintenance work from blueprints, m odels, or other specifications;
setting up and operating all available types of sheet-m etal working m achines; using a variety of
18
S H E E T -M E T A L W O RK ER ,
M AIN TENANCE---- Continued
TOOL AND DIE M AKER— Continued
handtools in cutting, bending, form ing, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; and installing sheetm etal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sh eet-m etal worker requires
rounded training and experience usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship or equivalent
training and experience.
TO O L AND DIE M AKER
(Die m aker; jig m aker; tool m aker; fixture m aker; gage maker)
Constructs and repairs m achine-shop to o ls, gages, jig s , fixtures or dies for forgings,
punching, and other m etal-form in g work.
W ork involves m ost of the following: Planning and
laying out of work from m od els, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifications;
using a variety of tool and die m ak e r's handtools and precision measuring instruments; under
standing of the working properties of common m etals and alloys; setting up and operating of
machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions
of work, speeds, feed s, and tooling of m achines; heat-treating of metal parts during fabrication
as w ell as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances;
fitting and assem bling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allowances; and selecting appropriate
m a teria ls, tools, and p ro ce sse s. In general, the tool and die m aker's work requires a rounded
training in m achine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a form al apprenticeship
or equivalent training and experience.
*
F or cross-in d u stry wage study purposes, tool and die m akers in tool and die jobbing
shops are excluded from this classification.
C U S T O D IA L A N D M A T E R IA L M O V E M E N T
GUARD AND W ATCH M AN
G uard. P e rfo rm s routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining
ord er, using arm s or force where n ecessa ry .
Includes gatemen who are stationed at gate
and check on identity of em ployees and other persons entering.
Watchman. Makes rounds of p re m ises periodically in protecting property against fire ,
theft, and illeg al entry.
JANITOR,
P O R TE R , OR CLEANER
SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK
P repares m erchandise for shipment, or receives and is responsible for incoming ship
ments of merchandise or other m aterials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping
procedures, p ra ctices, routes, available means of transportation, and rate; and preparing r e c
ords of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and shipping charges, and
keeping a file of shipping reco rd s. May direct or a ssist in preparing the merchandise for ship
ment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of
shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other reco rd s; checking for shortages and rejecting
damaged goods; routing m erchandise or m aterials to proper departments; and maintaining neces
sary records and file s .
(Sweeper; charwoman; janitress)
F or wage study purposes, w orkers are classified as follows:
Cleans and keeps in an ord erly condition factory working areas and w ashroom s, or
p rem ises of an office, apartment house, or com m ercial or other establishm ent. Duties involve
a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing flo o rs; rem oving
chips, trash , and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing m etal fixtures
or trim m in gs; providing supplies and minor maintenance se rv ice s; and cleaning lavatories, show
e r s, and restro o m s. W orkers who specialize in window washing are excluded.
L A B O R ER , M A T E R IA L HANDLING
(Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; w are
houseman or warehouse helper)
A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishm ent
whose duties involve one or m ore of the following: Loading and unloading various m aterials and
m erchandise on or from freight c a r s , truck s, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving,
or placing m aterials or m erchandise in proper storage location; and transporting m aterials or
m erchandise by handtruck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshorem en, who load and unload ships are
excluded.
Receiving clerk
Shipping clerk
Shipping and receiving clerk
TRUCKDRIVER
D rives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport m aterials, m erchandise,
equipment, or men between various types of establishm ents such as: Manufacturing plants, freight
depots, w arehouses, w holesale and retail establishm ents, or between retail establishm ents and
cu sto m e rs' houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers,
make m inor m echanical rep a irs, and keep truck in good working order. D riv e r-sa le sm e n and
o v e r-th e -ro a d drivers are excluded.
F or wage study pu rposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment,
as follow s:
(T ra cto r-tra ile r should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity.)
ORDER FIL LE R
(Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman)
F ills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accord
ance with specifications on sales s lip s, cu sto m e rs' o rd ers, or other instructions. M ay, inaddition
to filling orders and indicating item s filled or om itted, keep records of outgoing o rd ers, requi
sition additional stock or report short supplies to sup ervisor, and perform other related duties.
Truckdriver (combination of sizes listed separately)
Truckdriver, light (under 1V2 tons)
Truckdriver, medium (IV 2 to and including 4 tons)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type)
Truckdriver, heavy (over 4 tons, other than trailer type)
TR U CK ER ,
POWER
P A CK E R . SHIPPING
Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping con
tainers, the specific operations perform ed being dependent upon the type, s iz e , and number of
units to be packed, the type of container em ployed, and method of shipment. Work requires the
placing of item s in shipping containers and m ay involve one or m ore of the following: Knowl
edge of various item s of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size
of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other m aterial to prevent
breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; and applying labels or entering identifying
data on container. P ackers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded.
Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-pow ered truck or tractor to
transport goods and m aterials of all kinds about a w arehouse, manufacturing plant, or other
establishm ent.
F or wage study purposes, w orkers ape classified by type of truck, as follow s:
T ru cker, power (forklift)
Trucker, power (other than forklift)
A v a i l a b l e O n R e q u e s t ----T h e f o l l o w i n g a r e a s a r e s u r v e y e d p e r i o d i c a l l y f o r u s e in a d m i n i s t e r i n g the S e r v i c e C o n t r a c t A c t o f 1965.
a v a i l a b l e at n o c o s t w h i le s u p p l i e s la s t f r o m any o f the B L S r e g i o n a l o f f i c e s s ho w n on the in s i d e f r o n t c o v e r .
A bilene, T ex.
A laska
A l b a n y , Ga.
A l e x a n d r i a , La.
A l p e n a , S t a ndish , and T a w a s C it y , M ic h .
A m a r illo , Tex.
Ann A r b o r , M ic h .
A s h e v i l l e , N .C .
A t la n t ic C it y , N.J.
A u g u s t a , G a.—S.C .
A u s t in , T e x .
B a k e r s f i e l d , C a lif.
B a to n R o u g e , La.
B i l l i n g s , Mon t.
B i l o x i , G u l f p o r t , and P a s c a g o u l a , M i s s .
B r i d g e p o r t , N o r w a l k , and S t a m f o r d , Conn.
C h a r l e s t o n , S .C .
Cheyenne, Wyo.
C l a r k s v i l l e , T e n n . , and H o p k i n s v i l l e , K y.
C o lo r a d o Springs, C olo.
C o l u m b i a , S.C .
C o l u m b u s , Ga.—A la .
C r a n e , Ind.
D e c a t u r , 111.
D oth an, A la .
Duluth—S u p e r i o r , M in n.—W i s .
D u r h a m , N .C .
El P a s o , Tex.
Eugene, O reg.
F a r g o —M o o r h e a d , N. Dak.—Min n.
F a y e t t e v i l l e , N .C .
F i t c h b u r g —L e o m i n s t e r , M a s s .
F o r t S m ith , A r k . —O k la .
F r e d e r i c k r - H a g e r s t o w n , M d.—P a . —W. Va.
G r e a t F a l l s , Mon t.
G r e e n s b o r o —W in s t o n S a l e m - H i g h P o i n t , N .C .
H arrisburg, Pa.
H a r t f o r d , Conn.
H u n ts v ille , A la .
C op ies of pu blic re le a s e s
K n o x v i l l e , T e n n.
Laredo, Tex.
L a s V e g a s , Nev.
L e x i n g t o n , Ky.
L o w e r E a s t e r n S h o r e , M d . —Va.
L y n c h b u r g , Va.
M a c o n , Ga.
M a d i s o n , W is .
M a r q u e t t e , E s c a n a b a , Sault Ste. M a r i e , M ic h
M eridian, M iss.
M i d d l e s e x , M o n m o u t h , O c e a n and S o m e r s e t
C o s . , N.J.
M o b i l e , A l a . , and P e n s a c o l a , F la .
M o n t g o m e r y , Ala .
N a s h v i l l e , T e n n.
N e w L o n d o n —G r o t o n —N o r w i c h , Conn.
N o r t h e a s t e r n M a in e
O g d e n , Utah
O r l a n d o , F la .
O x n a r d —V e n t u r a , C a lif .
P a n a m a C it y , F la .
P i n e B lu ff , A r k .
P o r t s m o u t h , N.H.—M a in e —M a s s .
P u e b lo , C olo.
R e n o , Nev.
S a c r a m e n t o , C a lif .
S a lin a , K a n s .
S a lin a s —M o n t e r e y , C a lif .
Santa B a r b a r a , C a lif .
S h r e v e p o r t , La.
S p r i n g f i e l d —C h i c o p e e - H o l y o k e , M a s s . —Conn.
S t o c k to n , C a lif .
T a c o m a , Wash.
T op ek a , Kans.
T u cson, A riz.
V a l d o s t a , Ga.
V a l l e j o - N a p a , C a lif.
W ichita F a lls , Tex.
W i l m i n g t o n , D e l.—N .J .—Md.
T h e e le v e n t h annual r e p o r t on s a l a r i e s f o r a c c o u n t a n t s , a u d i t o r s , c h i e f a c c o u n t a n t s , a t t o r n e y s , j o b a n a l y s t s , d i r e c t o r s o f p e r s o n n e l ,
b u y e r s , c h e m i s t s , e n g i n e e r s , e n g i n e e r i n g t e c h n i c i a n s , d r a f t s m e n , and c l e r i c a l e m p l o y e e s .
O r d e r a s B L S B u lle t in 1693, N a tio n a l
S u r v e y o f P r o f e s s i o n a l , A d m i n i s t r a t i v e , T e c h n i c a l , and C l e r i c a l P a y , June 1 9 7 0 , $ 1 . 0 0 a c o p y , f r o m th e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n t s ,
U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 2 0 4 0 2 , o r any o f it s r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s .
☆
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1971
4 3 2 -4 6 9 /4 3
are
A re a W a g e Surveys
A lis t o f the l a t e s t a v a ila b le b u ll e t in s is p r e s e n t e d b e l o w . A d i r e c t o r y o f a r e a w a g e s tu d ie s in clu d in g m o r e l i m i t e d s tu d ie s c o n d u c t e d at the
r e q u e s t o f the W a g e and H o u r D i v i s i o n o f the D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r is a v a ila b le o n r e q u e s t . B u l l e t i n s m a y b e p u r c h a s e d f r o m the S u pe rin te n de n t o f
D o c u m e n t s , U.S. G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g O f f i c e , W a s h in g t o n , D . C . , 204 02 , o r f r o m any o f the BLS r e g i o n a l s a l e s o f f i c e s s ho w n on the in s i d e fro n t c o v e r .
A rea
B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e
A k r o n , O h i o , J u l y 1970____________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 8 ,
A lb a n y —S c h e n e c t a d y —T r o y , N . Y . , M a r . 1971 1 ________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 4 ,
A l b u q u e r q u e , N. M e x . , M a r . 1971_______________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 8 ,
A lle n t o w n —B e t h le h e m —E a s t o n , P a . —N . J . , M a y 1970 L . 1 6 6 0 - 8 3 ,
A tla n ta, G a . , M a y 1970 1__________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 6 ,
B a l t i m o r e , M d ., Aug. 1970 1_____________________________ 1 6 8 5- 1 8,
B e a u m o n t —P o r t A r t h u n - O r a n g e , T e x . , M a y 1 9 7 0 _____ 1 6 6 0 - 8 4 ,
B in g h a m t o n , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ____________________________
1685-6,
B i r m i n g h a m , A l a . , M a r . 1970___________________________
1660-57,
B o i s e C it y , Idaho, N o v. 1970 1 __________________________
1685-21,
B o s t o n , M a s s . , Aug. 1970 1 ______________________________ 16 8 5-1 1,
B u ff a lo , N . Y . , O c t . 1 9 7 0 1_________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 3 ,
B u r lin g t o n , V t ., M a r . 1970_______________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 5 3 ,
C a nto n, O h i o , M a y 1970 1_________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 8 1 ,
C h a r l e s t o n , W. V a ., M a r . 1971__________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 7 ,
C h a r l o t t e , N . C . , Jan. 1971----------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 4 8 ,
C h a t ta n o o g a , T e n n . - G a . , Sept. 1970 1 __________________ 1 6 8 5 - 1 0 ,
C h i c a g o , 111., June 1970__________________________________
1660-90,
C in c in n a t i, O h i o —K y.—I n d . , F e b . 1971 1_________________ 1 6 8 5 - 5 3 ,
C l e v e l a n d , O h i o , Sept. 1 9 7 0 1 ------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 8 ,
C o l u m b u s , O h i o , O c t . 1970 1_____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 3 ,
D a l l a s , T e x . , O c t . 1970 1 _________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 2 ,
D a v e n p o r t —R o c k Isla nd—M o l i n e , Iowa—111.,
F e b . 1971 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 5 1 ,
D a yto n , O h io , D e c . 1970 1_________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 5 ,
D e n v e r , C o l o . , D e c . 1970_________________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 1 ,
D e s M o i n e s , Iow a, M a y 1970 1 __________________________
1660-73,
D e t r o i t , M i c h . , F e b . 1 9 7 0 ________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 5 8 ,
F o r t W o r t h , T e x . , O ct . 1970 1 ___________________________
1685-25,
G r e e n B a y , W i s . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 1____________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 4 ,
G r e e n v i l l e , S . C . , M a y 1 9 7 0 ______________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 9 ,
H o u s t o n , T e x . , A p r . 1970_________________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 6 7 ,
I n d ia n a p o lis , Ind., O c t . 1 9 7 0 1 ___________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 1 ,
J a c k s o n , M i s s . , Jan. 1971 1 ---------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 3 9 ,
J a c k s o n v i l l e , F l a . , D e c . 1970 1 --------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 3 7 ,
K a n s a s C it y , M o . —K a n s . , Sept. 1970 1__________________
1685-16,
1660-82,
L a w r e n c e —H a v e r h i l l , M a s s . —N .H ., June 1970 1_______
L it tle R o ck —N o r t h L ittle R o c k , A r k . , J u ly 1970 1_____ 1 6 8 5 - 1 ,
L o s A n g e l e s —L o n g B e a c h and A n a h e im —Santa A n a G a r d e n G r o v e , C a l i f . , M a r . 1970---------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 - 6 4 ,
L o u i s v i l l e , K y.—I n d . , N o v . 1970__________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 7 ,
L u b b o c k , T e x . , M a r . 1970 1---------------------------------------------- 1 6 6 0 - 5 0 ,
M a n c h e s t e r , N .H ., J u ly 1970 1 ___________________________ 1 6 8 5 - 2 ,
M e m p h i s , T e n n . - A r k . , N o v. 1970_______________________ 1 6 8 5 - 3 0 ,
M i a m i , F l a . , N o v . 1 9 7 0 1--------------------------------------------------- 1 6 8 5 - 2 9 ,
M id la n d and O d e s s a , T e x . , Jan. 1971__________________
1685-40,
M i l w a u k e e , W i s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1____________________________ 1 6 6 0 - 7 4 ,
M i n n e a p o l i s —St. P a u l , M in n ., Jan. 1971------------------------ 1 6 8 5 - 4 4 ,
Data on establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions are also presented.
30 c e n t s
35 c e n ts
30 c e n ts
35 c e n t s
50 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
30 c e n t s
30 ce n ts
30 ce n ts
35 c e n ts
50 c e n t s
50 c e n ts
25 ce n ts
35 c e n t s
30 c e n ts
30 c e n ts
35 c e n ts
60 c e n t s
45 c e n t s
50 ce n ts
40 ce n ts
50 ce n ts
30
40
35
35
35
35
35
30
35
40
35
35
45
35
35
ce n ts
cents
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
cents
c e n ts
45
30
35
35
30
40
30
50
40
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n t s
ce n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
Area
M u s k e g o n —M u s k e g o n H e i g h t s , M i c h . , June 1970 1_____
N e w a r k and J e r s e y C it y , N . J . , Jan. 1971_______________
New H av e n, C o n n . , Jan. 1971____________________________
New O r l e a n s , L a . , Jan. 1971 1___________________________
New Y o r k , N . Y . , A p r . 1970 1_____________________________
N o r f o l k ^ P o r t s m o u t h and N e w p o r t N e w s —
H a m p to n , V a . , Jan. 1 9 7 1 * ---------------------------------------------O k l a h o m a C it y , O k la . , J u ly 1970_________________________
O m a h a , N e b r . - I o w a , Sept. 1970 1 ________________________
P a t e r son—Cliftorr—P a s s a i c , N . J . , June 1970 1__________
P h i l a d e l p h i a , P a . - N . J . , N o v . 1970_______________________
P h o e n i x , A r i z . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1---------------------------------------------P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , Jan. 1971 1---------------------------------------------P o r t l a n d , M a in e , N o v. 1970______________________________
P o r t l a n d , O r e g . —W a s h . , M a y 1970 1_____________________
P r o v i d e n c e —P a w t u c k e t —W a r w i c k , R .I.—M a s s . ,
M a y 1 9 7 0 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------R a l e i g h , N . C . , Aug. 1 9 7 0 1________________________________
R i c h m o n d , V a . , M a r . 1 9 7 0 1______________________________
R o c h e s t e r , N . Y . ( o f f i c e o c c u p a t i o n s o n ly ),
A u g . 1970----------------------------------------------------------------------------R o c k f o r d , 111., M a y 1970 1 ________________________________
St. L o u i s , M o . —111., M a r . 1970___________________________
Salt L a k e C it y , Utah, N o v. 1970 1________________________
San A n t o n io , T e x . , M a y 1970_____________________________
San B e r n a r d i n o —R i v e r s i d e —O n t a r i o , C a l i f . ,
D e c . 1970 1_________________________________________________
San D i e g o , C a l i f . , N o v . 1970--------------------------------------------San F r a n c i s c o —O a k la n d , C a l i f . , O ct . 1970--------------------San J o s e , C a l i f . , A u g . 1970_______________________________
Savannah, G a . , M a y 1970 1________________________________
S c r a n t o n , P a . , J u ly 1970 1_________________________________
Seattle—E v e r e t t , W a s h ., Jan. 1971 1_____________________
S io u x F a l l s , S. D a k., D e c . 1970 1-------------------------------------South B e n d , Ind., M a r . 1 9 7 0 1____________________________
Sp o k a n e , W a s h ., June 1970 1 _____________________________
S y r a c u s e , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ------------------------------------------------T a m p a —St. P e t e r s b u r g , F l a . , N o v . 1970________________
T o l e d o , O h io —M i c h . , F e b . 1970__________________________
T r e n t o n , N . J . , Sept. 1970 1 _______________________________
Utica—R o m e , N . Y . , J u ly 1 9 7 0 ____________________________
W a s h in g t o n , D . C . - M d . - V a . , A p r . 1971--------------------------W a t e r b u r y , C o n n ., M a r . 1971------------------ .-----------------------W a t e r l o o , Iow a, N o v. 1 9 7 0 1 ---------------------------------------------W i c h i t a , K a n s . , A p r . 1970 1 ______________________________
W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . , M a y 1 9 7 0 1 __________________________
Y o r k , P a . , F e b . 1971______________________________________
Y o u n g s to w n —W a r r e n , O h i o , N o v . 1970__________________
B u lle tin n u m b e r
and p r i c e
1660-85,
1685-47,
1685-35,
1685-36,
1660-89,
35
40
30
40
75
ce n ts
cents
cents
c e n ts
c e n ts
1685-46,
1685-5,
1 6 8 5- 14,
1660-87,
1685-34,
1660-70,
1685-49,
1685-19,
1660-77,
35
30
35
45
50
35
50
30
40
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
1660-72,
16 8 5- 12,
1660-65,
30 ce n ts
35 ce n ts
40 ce n ts
1685-7,
1660-75,
1660-66,
1685-26,
1660-71,
30
35
40
35
30
ce n ts
cents
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
1685-42,
1685-20,
1685-23,
1685-13,
1660-80,
1685-3,
1685-52,
1685-38,
1660-62,
1660-86,
1685-8,
1685-17,
1660-56,
1 6 85- 15,
1685-9,
1685-56,
1685-55,
1685-32,
1660-69,
1660-78,
1685-50,
1685-24,
40
30
40
30
35
35
35
35
35
35
30
30
30
35
30
40
30
35
35
35
30
30
cents
c e n ts
c e n ts
ce n ts
cents
c e n ts
cents
cents
c e n ts
cents
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
c e n ts
cents
cents
cents
c e n ts
ce n ts
ce n ts
c e n ts
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
W A S H IN G TO N . D.C.
20212
O F F IC IA L BUSINESS
P E N A L T Y FOR P R IV A T E USE, $300
POSTAGE A N D FEES PAID
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
FIRST CLASS MAIL
I
@FedFRASER