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33d
CONGRESS,
[HO. OF
1 ft Session.
tSS3
REPS.]
Ex. Doc.
-j-ff
No. 3.
FINANCES.
REPORT
or
T H E SECRETARY OF THE T R E A S U R Y ,
On the Fina?iccs.
DECEMBER 7,1S53,—Referred to the Committee of Ways and Means, and ordered to be
printed
DECEMBER 15,1853.—Qrdcrcdy That 15,000 copies extra be printed for the use of the House
of Representatives*
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, December
6, 1 8 5 &
SIR: In obedience to the act supplementary to the act entitled an
act to establish the Treasury Department, approved May 10,1S00, the
following report is submitted:
The estimated receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1853, were
as follows:
From customs.
$49,000,000 00
lands
„
...
2,000,000 00
miscellaneous sources
300,000 00
Balance in treasuiy July 1, 1852
14,632,136 37
And the estimated expenditures
65,932,136 37
60,560,056 S6
Estimated balance July 1, 1S53
5,372,079 51
This balance to exist after applying $7,199,477 77 to the redemption of the public debt.
The actual receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1853, were
as follows, vi*:
From customs.
O
:
931,865 52
lands
.
9
9
miscellaneous sources . . . C l v J : ' ' .
*
S9
Making the total r e c e i p t & i { 3 3 7 , 5 7 4 / ^ 0 Add balance in t r e a t y July 1, 1 3 5 2 M 4 , 6 3 2 , 1 3 6 v ^ 7 . ; .
*
*
*
Total sum for the Verjtfce ctflhe* fiscal^e^r. pn(JingJune 30, 1S53
*
::
77>
The actual expenditures for tlie fiscal year 1853 were, via:
Civil list
$4,784,396 93
Foreign intercourse. *
*
599,030 14
Miscellaneous.
...J
11,792,369 70
2
H. Doc. 3.
Department of the Interior
Do.
of War
Do.
of the Navy
Public debt
$5,529,535
9,947,290
10,S91,639
1 0,4S2,555
59
87
59
39
64,026,613 21
Balance in the treasuiy July 1, 1S53
$21,942,S92 50
(As appears by the accompanying statement A.)
The estimated receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30,1S54, were
as follows:
From customs.
..
lands
miscellaneous sources
Add estimated balance July 1, 1853 . .
$49,000,000
2,000,000
200,000
.
5,372,079
00
00
00
51
Total estimated sum for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1854
66,572,079 51
And the estimated expenditures were:
Balance of former appropriations
* $6,879,883 28
Permanent and indefinite do
9,172,829 68
Specific appropriations asked for ,
30,151,040 64
46,203,753 60
Which would leave an estimated unexpended balance
in the treasury on July 1,1S54, of
10,368,325 9t
The actual receipts for the 1st quarter of the fiscal year 1S54, ending September 30, 1853, were as follows, (as appears by statement
B,) viz:
$19,718,822 00
From customs..,
lands..
1^489,562 05
miscellaneous sources
147,994 87
Making total receipts...;
21,356,378 92
To which add the.actual balance in the treasury on
the 1st
21,942,892 56
\
Making die total sum
.
43,299,271 49
^ h e actud'^
samefirs(qOarterwere as follows, viz;
iJivil list, foreign intercourse, and miscellaiieoasf, &c.. $4,381,091 62
InteriorDepajtmertflpdiansi,andpensions..
846,213 01
War B ^ a r f m e p t ^ o — ^ •
2,935,861 40
N a y Department
".7.
3,140,129 35
Redemption of public debt.
~„... .
3,778,088 32
15,081,383 70
H. Doc.
3.
3
Leaving a balance in the treasury, September 30th,
1853, of.
$28,217,887 78
The estimated receipts for the second, third, and fourth quarters of
the fiscal year ending June 30, 1854, are as follows:
From customs
lands—
miscellaneous sources
$37,000,000 00
3,000,000 00
300,000 00
.
40,300,000 00
To which add the balance in the treasury, September
30,1S53
28,217,887 78
Making a total sum of.
68,517,887 78
The expenditures estimated by the departments for the secffnd, third,
and fourth quarters of the fiscal year ending June 30, 1854, are as
follows, viz:
Civil list and foreign intercourse, &c
Deficiencies in the Post Office Department..
Interior Department
War Department „
..
Navy Department
Public debt (interest)
...
:
Do.
(redemption)....
- $13,570,833
1,895,445
2,629,350
- 12,874,817
8,135,2S0
3,145,556.
. . 15,000,000
Total estimated expenditures
54
63
10
22
67
00
00
57,251,283 16
This will leave an estimated balance in the treasury
on the 1st of July, 1854, of.
. . $11,266,604 62
The balance of the appropriations for the year ending
June 30,1853, which remained unexpended on that
day, and which is liable to be expended in the year
ending June 30, 1854, is
17,630,758 75
The specific appropriations for the year amount to... 34,051,269 58
The indefinite appropriations for the
year are, as far as ascertained by
actual payment, to October 1,1853. $5,100,425 75
As estimated for the residue of the
year
6,365,526 95
Making the whole amount of appropriations liable to
be expended in the year 1854.
4
H. Doc. 3.
The estimated receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30,1S55, arc
as follows:
From customs
X
From lands
-nn
From miscellaneous sources
500,000 00
Making the sum of.. 55,000,000 00
Add the estimated balance in the treasury on the 1st
of July, 1854
.
11,266,604 62
This makes the total estimated resources for the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1855
--
66,266,604 62
The estimated expenditures for the same year are as follows:
Balance of former appropriations, which will be
expended this year
..
§6,865,126 44
Permanent and indefinite appropriations
8,285,716 14
Specific appropriations asked for this year
35,900,434 64
51,060,277 12
This sum is composed of the following particulars, viz:
Civil list, foreign intercourse, and miscellaneous
§12,161,436 0D
Expenses of collecting revenue from customs
. . 2,200,000 00
Expenses of collecting revenue from lands., „. 120,900 00
Deficiency in the revenues of the Post Cilice Department
2,700,000 00
Army proper, &c
11,950,397 50
Fortifications, ordnance, arming militia, &c
.
2,049,334 00
Improvements, &c
..
311,500 00
Indian department
.. „
1,784,471 84
Pensions
.
..
1,876,072 95
Naval establishment, including dry docks and ocean
steam mail contracts- .
12,712,358 74
Interest on the public debt..
3,145,806 00
Making in all the sum of..
. .
51,060,277 12
Leaving an estimated balance in the treasury, July 1,
1855, of
S 15,206,327 50
To be increased about ten millions by that part of the appropriation not
expended within the year, and subject to any reduction that may be
made in the tariff for half the year, or to any sum which may be appK^l^the public debt during the year.
The public debt on the 1st of July, 1852, was as follows:
pan of 1842.
$8,193,686 03
^
oari of 1843
6,222,931 35
E S a h ^ i 8 4 6 , . . .J
4,999,139 71
Loan of 1847
„
26,214,060 00
H. Doc. 3.
Loan of 1S48
Texan indemnity
Do
not issued
Old funded and unfunded debt
Treasury notes outstanding.
Debt of corporate cities
....
5
$15,740,000
5,000,000 00
5,000,000 00
71,374,807
114,118
132,161
750,000
09
54
64
00
72,401,087 27
The sums paid for redemption of the public debt during the fiscal
year ending June 30, 1853, and the premium, &c., were as follows:
Loan of 1842
$167,495 60
Loan of 1843...
4,296,862 50
Loan of 1846
...'
68,200 00
Loan of 1847,....
1,608,650 00
Loan of 1S4S
..
193,300 00
Total stock redeemed.
6,394,508 30
Premium on the same, $420,49S 64; since which time, and up to 3d
December, 1S53, the public debt has been reduced to $56,336,157 52,
leaving the public debt on the 3d December, 1853, as follows:
Loan of 1842
$6,872,135 54
Loan of 1843
92,800 00
Loan of 1S46.
4,048,400 00
Loan of 1847
20,738,700 00
Loan of 1848.
14,444,491 80
Texan indemnity..
4,887,000 00
Do.
.not issued.
5,000,000 00
Debt of corporate cities
24,000 00
Old funded and unfunded debt...,
114,118 54
Treasuiy notes outstanding
114,511 64
56,336,157 52
The accompanying table C exhibits the time of redeeming and purchasing the public debt, and the amount of premium paid for it, from the
1st July, 1852, to the 3d December, 1853.
From this table it appears that $3,342,150 was redeemed and purchased from the 1st July, 1852, to the 4th of March, 1853, and
$12,722,779 75 from the 4th of March, 1853, to the 3d December, 1853.
Within a few days after the 4th of March, 1853, it was ascertained
that the sum of $1,750,000 had been advanced by my predecessor to a
broker in New York, and $493,000 to a firm in Washington, for the purchase of the public debt.
^ These accounts have been closed in part by the transfer of the stock
agreed to be purchased, and in part by replacing the money in the
public treasury* There has been no loss from these transactions; but
Digitized
FRASER
it for
was
considered that such an advance of money to agents for the pur
H. Doc. 3. 6
chase of the debt was of doubtful policy, and might become hazardous,
and lead to a misapplication of the public funds, and to favoritism. It
was determined not to continue that method of redeeming and purchasing the public debt. Public notice was at once given that the
$5,000,000 loan of 1343, bearing five per cent, interest, and redeemable
on the 1st July, 1S53, would b e r e d e e m e d at the treasury on that day, or
at an earlier period, as set out in the notice; and that interest would
cease on it from and after the 1st July, 1853. The notice, marked D,
accompanies this report.
The daily payments at the treasury, in discharge of the public liabilities and the redemption of said loan, did not equal the receipts. A
large surplus accumulated in the treasury, and became a cause of
alarm in commercial and financial circles. It was hoped that the accumulation in the treasury would exercise a beneficial restraint upon
importations and speculative credit enterprises, and bring the business of the country into a sale and wholesome condition; yet, under
the apprehension that a panic might arise from a too stringent operation of the treasury, it was determined to make advances to the
mint for the purchase of silver for the new coinage, and to enable
the mint to pay promptly and in advance of coinage for gold bullion.
The amount oi money on deposite in the mint on the 4th of March
was S6,093,220, and was increased by the 1st of July to SS,517,S90 05,
and was on the 25th of November, 1S53, §11,451,039 30. This enabled
the mint to give gold, which circulated as money, for silver that was
out of circulation, because of the premium upon it; and for gold
bullion that could not circulate as money until coined.
It is believed that this operation tended to lessen the effect of the
accumulation; but the accumulation still continuing, it was thought
advisable further to lessen it by the purchase of another portion of the
public debt, at the current market price, in the cities of Philadelphia
and New York, as authorized by law; and an arrangement was made
with a broker, at each of those places, to make such purchases, to be
paid for on the assignment and delivery of the stock at the treasury.
These purchases were continued until the 1st July, 1S53, and ceased
after that date. The amount still continuing to accumulate in the
treasury, apprehensions were entertained that a contraction of discounts by the city banks of New York would result from the weekly
statements required from those banks under an act of the legislature
of that State, and, combining with the fact of the large amount in the
treasury, might have an injurious influence on financial and commercial
operations. With a view, therefore, to give public assurance that
money wTould not be permitted to accumulate in the treasury, if tlie
public debt could be had at the current market price, a public offer
was made on the 30th July to redeem at the treasury, between that
time and the 1st of December, the sum of $5,000,000 of the loans of
1847 and 1848, at a premium of 21 percent., and interest from the 1st
of July, 1853, on the principal. And on the 22d August another public offer was made for §2,000,000 of the loans, payable in 1856 and
1862, the former at a premium of 8 J per cent., and the latter at a premium of 16 per cent., with like interest from the 1st July, 1853. These
marked E and F , accompany this report. It was thought that
Digitizednotices,
for FRASER
H. Doc. 3.
7
such n public offer for the stocks, at the then current market price,
would be expedient on the part of the government and just and fair to
the holders, have a beneficial effect upon the money market, and secure
a larger amount of the public debt than any other mode that could be
adopted. The result has been satisfactory.
The balance of the loan of the three corporate cities of the District,
assumed by Congress in 1S36, being 8720,000, a communication was
sent to the agent of the trustees of the loan, and a price agreed and
accepted, to the extent of $696,000; and it is expected that the balance will be obtained, at the same price, in a short time.
An offer was also made for part of the $5,000,000 Texan bonds,
bearing 5 per cent, interest, and a purchase of some of them effected,
in the manner stated in the tables. The fact is established, that the
public debt of each description can be obtained at the premiums offered
and paid, and that the premiums may be reduced as the time fixed by
the terms of the law for redemption approaches.
The balance in the treasury on the 30th of September, with the estimated receipts for the 2d, 3d, and 4th quarters of the present fiscal
year, being so far in excess of the estimated expenditures for the same
time, will justify the further application of S15,000,000 to the purchase
of the debt, and leave a sufficient surplus in the treasury for any practical purpose. The purchase of the debt has therefore been continued,
and §7,857,495 94 expended in the purchase during the 2d quarter of
the year. It is considered that the present prosperous condition of the
treasury, growing out of the great prosperity of all the industrial pursuits
of the country, affords an opportunity to apply the surplus to the discharge
of the public debt, and that it should not be left to embarrass the operation of the government in any future contingency which may require
all its energies and resources.
The estimated receipts of the second, third, and fourth quarters of
the present fiscal year have been predicated on the present high price
of the great staples, on a good foreign demand for our surplus, and on
large duty-paying importations, computed in view of the large stock of
importations on hand and the stringency in the money market both
here and in England, and the effect of the short crop there.
The estimated receipts for the fiscal year 1854 do not reachx the actual receipts of the fiscal year 1853, although the first quarter of 1S54
exceeds the corresponding quarter of the year 1853 by $5,025,297 20.
The estimated receipts for the fiscal year ending June 30,1855, have
not the results of the first quarter to verify them, nor the unquestioned
<lata of good crops and high prices; but the estimate rests upon an
average of preceding years, with an estimated increase proportionate
to an increasing population and capacity to purchase and pay, calculated without regard to the chances of war, short crops, commercial
embarrassment, or a reduction of the tariff.
The imports of the fiscal year 1853, including specie, have been
$267,978,647, and the exports have been 8230,452,250. A fair estimate for profits on our exports and the freight of our vessels would
oast the balance of this account, in our favor, without estimating
the money brought in by emigrants, of which no account is taken.
It is believed that a large stock of imported merchandise remains
8
H. Doc. 3.
in toe hands of the merchants, and for that reason, and because of
the stringency in the money market, both here and in England, it
is calculated that there will be, during the remaining three quarters of
the year, a diminished importation, compared with that ol" thefirstquarter.
The estimate for the fiscal year 1855 has not been made to excecd
that of 1853, for the reason that it is believed that the causes of diminished importations during the latter part of the fiscal year 1854 will be
extended into a part o f the succeeding fiscal year, and bccausc the
agitation of a reduction of the tariff will have a tendency to prevent
importations beyond the actual demand for consumption.
Most articles of manufactured merchandise, like the annual productions of agriculture, are necessarily consumed within the year, and
again restored by productive industry for the succeeding year; and,
with a population able to pay, there is a great uniformity in the
annual amount of imports and exports. There arc often causes,
however, which prevent a regular and progressive increase; such as
short crops, low prices for exports, either at home or abroad, without the disturbing influence ol war. Still it is believed that the receipts of the fiscal year 1855 will be sufficient to meet the expenditures of the year and a reasonable purchase of the public debt, and
justify a reduction of the duties by adding to the free list and reducing
the tax upon many other articles of importation.
•
The table H, accompanying this report, exhibits the foreign articles
imported free of duty, and their value, for the six years from 1848 to
1853 inclusive, and also the foreign articles imported paying duty, with
J
their value and rate of duty, for the same time.
th is r e
f J K n ^S6!1' T P ?
,
P° r t ' e x h i b i t s « separate list of the
C
hereb
Ik?I?
'
r"
y P ^ c d shall be added to the free
Jist lor the purpose of reducing the revenue. The revenue collected
from the articles in table I, for the last year, is about SNOODS. • in
which amount it m a y be computed, the revenue will be reduced,?by
the adoption of the proposed additional free list.
' 1
Ihis wiH leave the revenue larger than a proper and economical administration of the government will require; Ld tbr tfTJTSw rf
further reduction, it is now proposed to arrange the articles Divine
duty m two classes-the one class contained ?n the taTte X accompanying this report to pay what maybe consideredthehijh SutHf
100 per cent., and the other class to pay the moderate dutv of
the table K°
^ i m W d ^
no" b S e freflS n o K
S e q U S a t i o n wiJ
Iaoout
t u f34,500,000.
i 500 o o f This
fe-.H
"
f
Avenue
t h e unon
still leaves the revenue l computed
the
unpom of 1853 at about S45,000,000 from custom^ beW^which
point it is not proposed to reduce the duties un l X % u M c dlbt t
paid. The change now proposed in the rate of <hZ £ i •
i
7
take effect from £>d after the 1st January, Ts%
^ ^
incTucted^n the
fr^
P 6 -?® 0 *' on ^ articles imported not
n ^ c o C ^
i' Wl11 ¥ t 0 S' v e greatly less trouble
Ses a S S 2 L 1 ' a D d \ V d l S G l h e duties on some articles, and reduce them on others. When the duties are riiswl the
Digitizedtavor,
for FRASER
and the one result,
to some extent, will counteract the other.
H. Doc. 3.
9
The proposed reduction, had it been applied during the last year, would
leave an abundant revenue for all the reasonable wants oftliegoverment in time of peace, and allow the proper addition to the army and
navy to meet the exigencies of an augmenting population and an
increasing commerce, and leave the receipts from the sale of public
lands to be applied to the purchase of the public debt, to which these
proceeds are pledged by law.
It is not proposed to enter into any extended argument to prove that
the articles in table I should be added to the free list, nor to prove the
propriety of the proposed reduction of duties to the uniform standard of
25 per cent* When revenue is not needed, articles of general use for
manufacturing and other purposes, not the growth or production of
the United States, or but partiaUy so, should not be taxed; and
no higher taxes should be levied on other importations than may
be necessary for the economical wants of the government, thus leaving commerce as free and unrestricted as possible. Let the tariff be
reduced as Congress, in view of the present wants of the government,
shall deem best, the increasing population, production, industry, and enterprise of the nation will still necessarily add to the importations, and
consequenttyto the revenue, what shall be needed for increased expenses.
The tables accompanying this report exhibit the free lists of
England, France, Belgium, Portugal, Brazil, Austria, Spain, Russia,
Cuba, the Zoll Verein, Chili, Netherlands, Hanse Towns, Norway,
Mexico, and Sweden, and mark the progress of free trade among commercial nations. Unrestricted commerce, binding the nations of the
earth m stronger bonds of peace by mutual benefits, has numerous
and increasing advocates in tnis and other commercial countries. The
principle of free trade may not yet be sufficiently verified from experience, in this and other nations, to justify its full adoption, but the progress towards free trade, now proposed, will be justified, it is believed,
by both public opinion and public interest. It is considered that the
taking off'the duty on the raw material used in our manufactories will
counteract the reduction of duties on foreign manufactures, and, when
compared with the operations of the present tariff, will not materially
affect the interests of domestic industry or commerce.
It is not proposed to change the principle of ad valorem duties, but it
is for the consideration of Congress, whether a specific duty on iron,
made from the average of the last three or four years' ad valorem duties,
might not give greater stability to the iron business, and more satisfaction to consumers, and, at the same time, prove equally beneficial to
the revenue.
It is proposed to make salt free of duty. The average annual revenue
from that article, for the five years to 30th June, 1852, is only §232,284,
while the annual fishing bounties, exclusive of the drawback on pickled
fish, for which the salt duty is a pretext, amount to $2S9,413, besides
other heavy annual expenses to prevent frauds. A report upon the
subject of the fishing bounties, from J. Ross Browne, with its references*
is herewith submitted. For the reasons stated in that report, it is
recommended that the fishing bounty be repealed, and that branch
industry be left to the fair competition which causes other maritime
enterprises to flourish.
10
H. Doc. 3.
The table of imports and exports for the fiscal year ending 30th
June, 1853, accompanying this report, and heretofore mentioned, compares favorably with those of preceding years, and marks our increasing
capacity for commercial intercourse. The table of tonnage, which
also accompanies this report, shows that our tonnage is now 4,407,010
tons, and exceeds that of any preceding year by 26S,000 tons. These
tables prove that we enjoy a prosperous commerce, with an increasing
capacity to extend it.
The table exhibiting the operations of the mint also accompanies
this report. It shows the entire coinage to 31st October last to
have been $370,008,192 50; the gold coinage, from the 1st January to
the 31st October of tiie year 1853, to have been S46,99S,945 60, and the
silver coinage S6,996,225, and proves an active and growing demand for gold and silver as a currency for actual use; whilst the imports of gold and silver, including what is brought to the Atlantic from
California, widiout estimating for that brought in by emigrants, compared with the exports of gold and silver, prove that, within four years,
the large amount of $135,972,095 73 has been added to the gold and
silver coin remaining in the country. Should this increase continue
for but a short term of years, this country will be able to dispense
with banks of issue, and their attendant evils, and have the gold and
silver currency contemplated by the constitution. The operations of
the mint and its branches for the past year show a very favorable
result, and the recoinage of silver has, in many places, removed the
inconvenience arising from small bank notes and want of change.
It may reasonably be expected that the supply, in the course of a few
years, will be ample, and extended to every section of the countr)r.
The operations of the mint at Philadelphia and the branches require
that the Director should have an assistant. The salaries allowed by
law to clerks employed in the former have been found insufficient to
retain the best, and recently two of the most skilful and experienced
clerks left on that account.
It is thought that a coinage of an alloy resembling German silver
may be beneficially substituted for the copper, and experiments to that
end have been directed. Should they prove favorable, the result will
be presented during the session.
The branch mint at San Francisco has been contracted for, to be
furnished and ready for the coinage of $30,000,000 per annum by the
1st of February next, and there is every reason to believe that the contract will be complied with, and the mint there put into operation by
that time, thus abundantly supplying the people of the Pacific coast
with coin, for all the purposes of exchange and commerce, from their
own mines.
Under the provisions of the act of the last session authorizing an
assay and melting and refining office to be established in New York,
to be placed in the custom-house there, should there be room for it, and
if not, giving the Secretary of the Treasury authority to lease or otherwise obtain a suitable building for the same, an investigation was
made,4 and it was ascertained that there was no room for the assay
office in the custom-house, and that the building did not afford sufficient
H. Doc. 3.
11
space for the business of the custom-house, even after removing the
assistant treasurer's office.
Many buildings were offered, and some of them examined, and
the buildings belonging to the Bank of Commerce and the Bank of the
State of New York, and adjoining the custom-house, were found well
calculated for the assistant treasurer's office, and also to furnish sufficient accommodation for the surveyor and his clerks, and a portion of
the collector's clerks, with the officers of the assay office. There was
sufficient vacant space on the part of the lot next Pine street for the
necessary buildings for the work of assaying, melting, and refining. A
negotiation was entered into for the lease of the bank buildings, with the
privilege of purchasing should Congress make the necessary appropriation. The property was rented for the term of fifteen years, at a
rent of $53,000 per annum, with the privilege, should the appropriation
be made, of purchasing within two years at 8530,000, with interest
from date of the lease, the payments made for rent to be deducted from
the amount. The leases and contracts accompany this report. The
bank buildings have been altered to suit the assistant treasurer's office,
and to make room for the clerks of the custom-house, and for the superintendent of the assay office and his clerks. The construction of the
assay building has been commenced, and is now in the course of com)letion, and all the necessary implements, &c., for the assay office, and
.! or melting and refining, are ordered to be prepared by the 1st of
February next, with the hope and expectation to get it into operation
by the 1st of March.
The custom-house at New York being insufficient for the increased
business at that port, and the bank buildings adjoining it being found
ample for all the purposes of an assay office, and in fact for a mint,
should Congress wish at any time to have coining done there, the arrangement for the purchase was made with a knowledge that the price
agreed to be given was high; but it was thought, under the circumstances, to be worth to the United States the sum agreed to be given.
The purchase, as provided for in the leases, is recommended to Congress.
Immediately upon taking charge of the department, information was
received by me that certain additional duties imposed under the tariff
act of 1S4G, on goods entered ten per cent, below the appraised value,
had been ordered by my predecessor for distribution between the collector, naval officer, and surveyor of the port of New York, and that the
amount had been withdrawn or withheld by the collector from the
treasury, and deposited with a banking or trust company in that
city. My predecessor having previously decided against the claim, it
was thought, upon examination, that the twenty per cent, additional
duty was public revenue to which the collector, &c., of the different
ports had no rightful claim. The order of distribution was therefore
revoked, and the money directed to be replaced in the treasury. That
being done, and those officers still asserting claim, Mr, Maxwell, collector of the port of New York, upon leaving office, took out of the
customs received the moiety of twenty per cent, additional duties during
his term, and made a special deposit of it with G. C. Bronson, his successor. He was directed to pay the money into the treasury; but
before this was done, at the instance,of the naval officer, &c., the sum
12
H. Doc 3.
was attached by order of the judge of the United States circuit court
for that district, and has been paid into court to await the decision upon
the merits. Directions have been given to prepare the ease for trial in
the circuit court, and for the Supreme Court, should the decision of the
court below be adverse to the rights of the United States.
The act of Congress approved the 3d of March, 1S41, limits the salaries of the collector, naval officer, and surveyor of New York an&
some other ports. It was considered that from no source whatever
could the amount they were entitled to receive exceed the sum at
which Congress had thus limited their compensation. Yet, notwithstanding that act, it had been decided that certain fines and penalties
imposed by .previous acts for violations of the revenue laws, one
moiety of which had been directed to be divided equally between
those revenue officers, should be so divided. The department had acquiesced in the decision. Thus the compensation of those officers was
swelled beyond the point fixed by said act. Those fines and penalties,
at the custom-house at New York, for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1853, amounted to the sum of 819,755 72, and the moiety thcreot
was divided between the collector, naval officer, and surveyor of thai
port, giving to each S3,292 G2 over and above their fixed salaries.
The one moiety of the twenty per cent, additional duties which those
officers also claim during the official term of Mr. Maxwell, amounts to
the sum of $65,769 SO ; and, should the decision of the question be in
their favor, there can be no question that the compensation of those
officers will be more than was intended by Congress, and more than a
just compensation for their services. If the New York custom-house
officers are entitled to a moiety of this twenty per ccnt. additional duty,
the like officers at other ports will also be so entitled. When claims
are asserted against the collector of a port for which a judgment may
be rendered and execution levied upon his private property, the desire
arises to hold the amount until the question is decided by the courts,
under the belief that the Secretary cannot, under existing laws, pay the
judgment without an act of Congress. The attention of Congress is
pfi d t 0 t h C S e q u e s t l 0 n s ' i n o r d e r t l l a t t h e P r o P e r remedy may be ap*
Instructions accompanying this report were sent to the several collection districts, with the view of securing efficient and reliable subordinate officers, and to ascertain whether any and what officers heretofore employed ought to be dispensed with. The collection districts have, m part, been visited by agents of the department, with
instructions to examine the manner of keeping the books and accounts,
and to ascertain in what manner the various employees discharge the
duties confided to them, and also whether there has been a surplus or
deficiency of force employed, and to make report to this department
In some of the districts part of the official corps emploved has been
dispensed with, and m others it has been thought best, with a view fc
the prompt discharge of the duties, to allow additional officers. B
some cases the compensation has been increased, and in others it has
been reduced. It is intended to have all the other collection district*
visited and examined in like manner.
Many applications have
been made for appointments as secret inspec-
H. Doc. 3.
13
tors of the customs. Upon examination it was found that it had grown
into a practice for the department, at its discretion, to appoint secret
inspectors of the customs at different rates of compensation, and that
latterly the number of such appointments had greatly increased. A
statement of those thus employed since the 20th September, 1S50, with
the rate of compensation allowed, accompanies this report. It could
not be ascertained that any advantage to the revenue had resulted from
the employment of this class of officers, and their employment was
discontinued.
An examination was also made into the revenue cutter service, with
a view to ascertain the character of the service and its efficiency. It
was found that a large number of additional officers had just been appointed, and after allowing a captain and three lieutenants to each
vessel, there were still twenty-seven officers more than the service required or the law allowed. The matter was submitted to the President, and the supernumerary officers dismissed. A list of the officers
thus dismissed, and of those now in service, with a list of the revenue
cutters and their stations, accompanies this report.
Besides the $2,243,000 which was found at the commencement of my
official duties to have been advanced to agents for the purchase of the
public debt, it was ascertained that the further sum of $475,000 was
in the hands of agents under agreements to transfer the same for the department to different places of deposit, together with the suin oi
$2,226,9S2 27 unaccounted for, and designed to pay interest, &c.
The withdrawal of this large sum of $4,944,9S2 27 from the treasury,
where the laws require it to be,kept, and its deposit in the hands of
agents for considerable periods of time being deemed hazardous to
the treasury, if not in direct violation of law, it was thought best to reclaim the amount, and abandon that mode of transfer and paying interest,
&c., and to effect the transfers by the sale of treasury drafts at the
oints where the money was needed for disbursements, as authorized
y law, or by an actual transfer by an officer of the department, and to
have the interest, &c., paid by the officers of the treasury. The plan
adopted answers all the requirements of the service, with all necessaiy
economy and despatch, and with less hazard than the previous one.
It is proper to state that all the above sums have been replaced in the
treasury, except $100,000, for which suit has been instituted at Columbus,
Ohio, and is still pending. A pledge of stocks of various descriptions
was taken for part of the $4,944,9S2 27, but none had been taken for
the $100,000 in suit in Ohio, and there is some apprehension that that
sum will be lost.
Upon a careful examination and consideration of the treasury acts,
it was considered within the power and duty of the department, it
not absolutely required, to cause the public money to be always in the
treasury, or in the custody of the assistant treasurers and depositaries
designated by law, until regularly withdrawn for the purpose of disbursement in accordance with appropriations; and that all powers
vested in the department in relation to the collection, safe-keeping,
transfer, and disbursement of the public money, should be entrusted to
, and exercised by its officers. That plan, has' been adopted and adhered to, and no difficulty or inconvenience has arisen from the. working of the system, and it is believed none can arise.
14
H. Doc. 3.
The 6th section of the act to provide for the better organization of
the treasury, and for the safe-keeping, transfer, nnd disbursement of
the public money, requires it " to be safely kept without loaning, using,
depositing in banks, or exchanging for other funds." The section not
only requires the assistant treasurers, &c., to perform the duties specially imposed by the act, but also requires them to perform all other
duties which should be imposed by Congress or by any regulation of
the Treasury Department made in conformity to law. The disbursing
agents of the several departments of the government being, without
safe places of deposit for the public money entrusted to them, it was
deemed right and within the provisions and the spirit of the law to
require the treasurer and the assistant treasurers and depositaries
designated by law to receive deposites from the disbursing agents of the
government, and to pay out the same on their checks. A regulation
to that effect was issued and is in operation, and accompanies this
report. It is a great convenience to disbursing agents, and also secures
the safety of the public money. The privilege of so depositing has
not as yet been embraced by all the disbursing agents, and it has been
suggested that some of them deposit with banks and brokers, under an
erroneous idea that the act does not apply to them. It is believed that
such deposites are in contravention of the law. No loss would be likely
to ocqur in prosperous times; but, in adverse times, the money might
not be forthcoming to meet the public demands. If this regulation
should continue, and all the disbursing agents avail themselves of its
advantages, the assistant treasurers at the principal ports where the
public money is collected and disbursed, wilT require an additional
clerk, at a competent salary, to act for the assistant treasurer in case
of necessary abscnce.v
In the Treasury Department, the accounts of all collectors, disbursing agents, &c., are rendered and settled. The law requires collectors to render their accounts quarterly, but authorizes the Secretary
to require them oftener. Upon examination, it was found that the
accounts of collectors of the customs were rendered quarterly,
but did not generally reach the department until about the termination of the succeeding quarter, and were not settled by the accounting officers for some seven, eight, nine, or even more months
from the end of the quarter for which they were rendered. This
left unsettled accounts with collectors of the customs for at least twothirds of the annual revenue from that source—say over $30,000,000—
and left in the hands of some of them large amounts until the settlement of their accounts. The' prompt rendition and settlement of
these accounts being deemed of vital importance to the correctness
of the same and the safety of the revenue, it was thought that a change
should be effected, if possible. Upon inquiry and investigation, it was
considered that these accounts could be rendered monthly, and settled
within the succeeding month. A regulation to that effect was issued,
requiring all collectors to render monthly accounts from and after the
1st of July, 1S53, which accompanies this report. The accounts for
the months of July, August, and September were rendered, and
settled under this requisition; and for the month of September, all,
except those of the Pacific coast and some small districts on the Atlan-
H, Doc. 3.
tic, were rendered and settled within the month of October. The fact
was thus ascertained that it is entirely practicable to have the accounts
all so rendered and settled within the month, except those on the Pacific
coast, which will require about two weeks longer.
There are other reforms as to the manner of keeping the books, and
the statistical information to be derived from the custom-houses, and
the registering of it in this department, that may"be introduced with
advantage to the public service, but which time and care are required
to bring about and enforce properly.
Attention was also given to those branches of the department where
the accounts of disbursing agents and others, owing money to or having
claims against the government, are adjusted and settled. It was found
that the official corps was disorganized, and some of the bureaus very
much out of order, nnd greatly in arrear with the business confided to
them.
The table W, which accompanies this report, exhibits the aggregate of
accounts rendered and unsettled in each office in the month of March,
1853, and the amount of them which were outstanding on the book9
of the Solicitor of the Treasury. This table shows that there were
accounts unsettled, to the aggregate of §132,521,704 09, and that
there had been settled an aggregate of $30,500,154 50, leaving a
balance of $102,021,549 59, still outstanding; but of these there are
$14,918,802 36 on the books of the Solicitor of the Treasury, most of
the accounts having been stated by the Auditors. For the purpose of
closing these large balances^ the accompanying letter was sent to the
First and Second Comptrollers of the Treasury and the Commissioner
of Customs. The settlements will be enforced as soon as practicableIn 1842, after the duties became payable in cash, the duty bonds remaining unpaid to the debit of the several collectors were passed to the
debit of their successors, and continued to encumber their accounts and
embarrass settlements. On the 9th September last, the Commissioner of
Custmos was directed to credit the collectors' accounts with these bonds,
and open an account for them on the books of the treasury. These
bonds constitute an additional outstanding sum on the books of the
Solicitor. All claims due the United States, after a failure or refusal to
pay, are put in suit in the district where the parties or some of them
reside, and, except post office suits, go upon the books of the Solicitor
of the Treasury, and are collected under his direction.
These uncollected claims, including duty bonds, on the books of the
Solicitor, have accumulated from the commencement of the government,
and now amount to the large aggregate of $21,247,516 89. No commission or compensation is allowed to district attorneys for their collection, and no authority given to the Secretaiy upon the subject, or to
disencumber the accounts of these accumulating balances. It is submitted to Congress, that authority might be given to allow compensation for the collection of these debts, and to compound for them when
the parties are unable to pay in full, and there is no fraud, and to have
the lost balances carried to an appropriate account.
It was also ascertained that many disbursing officers had not rendered their accounts within the three months required by law, whilst
many of the accounts in the Third Auditor's office had been in the
office
unsettled for one, two, three, four, five, and even more years, and
16
H. Doc. &
the work was greatly behind in most of the offices. It was determined
to reform the condition of these offices as soon as practicable. The first
object to be effected was the prompt transaction of the current business,
and the employment of as large a force as could be spared to bring up
the arrearages.
The Third Auditor's office, under the newly appointed Auditor,
F. Burt, charged with the settlement of a portion of the accounts of the
War Department, was greatly in arrear. He was required to ascertain
the state of its business, and put it in the best possible condition by the
meeting of Congress, and make report up to that time. His report to
the 31st of October, 1853, is herewith submitted, and exhibits the condition in which he found his office, and that which it had reached on
that day. It is due to Mr. Burt to state, that besides the labor performed, as exhibited in his report, more correct principles of accounting and settling have been introduced, and that he is entitled to the
credit of the relorm he has made. The condition of that office, as
appears by an additional report, is, at this time, such as Mr. Burt
anticipated, and now the office has brought up its arrearages, and is
capable of promptly acting upon all the business confided to it.
The business confided to the Second and Third Auditor's offices
could be more advantageously distributed than it now is, and, it is believed, to the more prompt despatch of their duties. A proposition detailing such a partition accompanies this report, and is recommended
to the consideration of Congress. Congress, in constituting and carrying out the Treasury Department, adopted the principle of having
all accounts with and against the government stated, with a report of
facts by
Auditor, and a re-examination by one of the Comptrollers,
or the Commissioner of Customs. This principle has been departed
from in allowing the Commissioner of Pensions to issue certificates of
allowance to pension agents, and the pension to be paid without the
allowance having been revised. The proposed arrangement gives to the
Third Auditor the settlement of all army accounts, and to the Second
Auditor all pension accounts, and brings the allowances of pensions by
the commissioner under the control of the Second Auditor and Second
Comptroller, thus restoring uniform action as to all allowances and settlements in the department.
Upon examination, the Sixth Auditor's office, chargcd with settling
the accounts of postmasters and contractors for carrying the mail, was
found to be greatly in arrear. The accounts of postmasters for small
balances were found to have remained unsettled for several years, and
such was the general condition of the business of the office as to render
it doubtful whether the annual exhibits required by law could be made
in time for the meeting of Congress. The newly appointed Auditor,
W . Fr Phillips, by efficient arrangement and persevering action, has
restored order to the office and system to the business, and placed it in
a condition to adjust and promptly settle all accounts. His report,
herewith submitted, exhibits the condition in which he found the office,
and that in which he has placed it, and entitles him to credit for the
manner in which he has managed its duties.
The reportsfromthe First, Second, Fourth and Fifth Auditors, the First
and Second Comptrollers, the Commissioner of Customs, the Register
Digitized
of for
theFRASER
Treasury, the Solicitor of the Treasury, and the Treasurer of
H. Doc. 3.
17
he United Slates, are herewith submitted. These offices, except
those of the First and Fifth Auditors, were not so much in arrear as
the Third and Sixth Auditor's offices; but greater promptitude and
despatch have taken place in most of them, and it is believed thit
better rules of action have been introduced. The arrearages can be
brought up, and the regular despatch of the current work secured.
The clerks in all the divisions were classified under the act of Congress of last session for that purpose, the examinations having been
made as required by the act. The proper arrangement of business in
the different offices requires that it shall be classified and allotted to a
certain number of clerks, and a competent clerk placed in charge of
each class, and made responsible for its prompt despatch, and that correct rules of action shall prevail in discharging the duties. The head
clerks of these classes should have better salaries than those under them.
The third and fourth classes do not furnish the requisite number of
clerks for this purpose in some of the offices, and the salary of the first
• class is not a sufficient compensation for any clerk fit to be employed
in the department. The act of Congress requiring clerks to be classified
and examined before appointment seems to indicate an intention of procuring more competent clerks, and that the tenure of office should be
more permanent. Many of the clerks have families, and a large number
do not receive sufficient compensation for their support; and as the cost
of living has greatly increased, the attention of Congress is called to
this subject, with the recommendation that this class of meritorious
officers shall be better compensated.
There is no limitation to the presentation of claims against the United
States before the accounting offices, and claims disallowed, in whole
or in part, are presented again and again upon the same, or but slightly
varied, statements of facts. There are precedents in the department
allowing these re-examinations, and large sums have been paid upon
claims previously presented, adjudicated upon, and disallowed. There
are other, and, it is believed, better precedents in the department against
these re-examinations, holding the prior examination and disallowance
of the claim, in whole or in part, conclusive until Congress directs the
re-examination. The rule established by the latter precedents has been
adopted, and no re-examination is allowed except upon the principle of
a new trial at law, or a re-hearing or review in equity, when the application is made on sufficient grounds and within a reasonable time. The
attention of Congress is respectfully called to this subject.
An abstract of the Coast Survey operations, under the superintendence of Professor Bache, also accompanies this report. It will be seen
that, the work has made good progress during the past year. The
means furnished appear to have been carefully and economically used
by ihe superintendent, and to have produced ample results. The operations in the field or afloat, and in the office, have extended to all tlie
States and Territories of our vast sea coast on the Atlantic, the Gulf
of Mexico, and the Pacific. On the Atlantic the triangulation reaches,
with an interval of 22 miles, from the mouth of the Kennebec river,
Maine, to Boyne sound, North Carolina. It is commenced in South
Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, and extends from Mobile nearly to
New Orleans, and from the head of Galveston bay to Matagorda bay,
18
H. Doc. 3.
in Texas. The other operations follow it closely. A hydrographic
reconnoissance of our western coast has been made from San Diego to
Frazer's river, and preliminary surveys of most of the harbors^ with
charts of them, have been published, or are in progress. It is believed
that the history of such surveys does not present a parallel to the promptness with which the execution and publication of the work on that important coast has been made, keeping pace with the development of.a
commerce itself without a parallel. One hundred and forty-three maps
and charts have already been issued from the coast survey office, including sketches of examinations of dangers on the coast where the
regular surveys have not yet reached the localities. The report of the
superintendent for the past year is accompanied with fifty-five maps
and sketches, showing the progress of the work, and giving information
important to navigation and commerce. The necessity of publishing
the numerous observations accumulated in this work,^and upon which
the results are founded, is respectfully urged upon Congress. Beside*
the usual sketches, a map, ordered by Congress, showing, by colors,
the progress of the different parts of the work, is ready for transmission. The present period of prosperity should be used to furnish all
reasonable resources for the completion of this great work of science and
utility; and, in order to facilitate its final completion, it is recommended
that the estimate presented by the superintendent be granted. The
department has derived important assistance from the coast survey in
the surveys relating to light-houses and in the location of surf-boats.
In the distribution of the reports, papers, &c., the superintendent and
his assistant should be vested with the franking privilege.
A report and supplement from the Light-house JBoard accompanies
this report, exhibiting its operations for the past year. That board is
charged with the duty of providing and distributing supplies of all
kinds to the different light-houses and light-vessels; of making examinations and instructions; of submitting estimates of cost of repairs of
the different towers, buildings, sea-walls and light-vessels, and of raising, cleaning, painting, numbering, and replacing air buoys author-'
ized by Congress, &c. These duties have been discharged with
promptitude and efficiency, and it is believed with economy. It will be
seen that there are now in operation 347 light-houses; 27 are in the
course of construction, and 44 more authorized, but not yet commenced*
There are 44 light-vessels in operation and five in the course of construction. The estimate for this service for the fiscal year ending June
30, 1854, was $890,033 42; and for the year ending June 30, 1855, it
is $906,161 43. These light-houses and light-vessels, extending over
our Atlantic and Pacific coasts and our lakes, add greatly to the sec«'
rity of our commerce, which, as it augments, calls for additional lighthouses and light-vessels on our extended coasts, and consequently 'ft*
increased expenditure. These light-houses and light-vessels should be
sufficiently numerous to afford the benefit of light wherever the safety
of vessels requires it; but lights should not be so multiplied as to mi*
lead navigators, and should always be of the best and most reliabfc
character for* their positions. The science and practical knowledge <*
the Light-house Board, aided by that of the Coast Survey, it is believeA
Digitizedwill
for FRASER
guard the department against mistakes in the location of the light1
H. Doc. 3.
19
secure the best and most permanent light-houses with the proper lights,
and confine the expenditure to the real objects sought to be obtained
with the necessary econom}r*
The abstract accompanying this report shows twenty-three customhouses belonging to the government and now in use; also fifteen for
which appropriations have been made by Congress, and proceedings
taken towards their construction. This abstract exhibits the condition
of the title and jurisdiction to each as far as acquired; the progress
made under the appropriations; the amount thereof, with estimates of
the sums that will be required to complete those under contract; and
the sums required to proceed with the others. The appropriations are
not sufficient to complete these buildings of the materials and in the
style suitable to such structures, and therefore additional estimates have
been submitted.
The construction of these buildings is confided to the department,
and almost every thipg but the amount of the appropriation left to the
discretion of the Secretary. No system had been devised for the due
performance of this duty, nor had the management of the business.been
confided to any particular branch of the department. An architect
had been employed in the department at a salary of S3,000 per annum,
with travelling expenses allowed when absent inspecting the works,
&c. He was paid out of the several appropriations, according to the
time given to each work. Local architects and superintendents had
also been appointed, and were paid out of the appropriations, but there
was no system of keeping or rendering accounts at the respective works,
nor of keeping the same in the department. With a view to a more
-efficient management, application was made to the Secretary of War
for a scientific and practical engineer to be placed in charge of the
construction of these buildings, and Captain Alexander H. Bowman,
of the engineer corps, was detailed and assigned to that duty. General regulations for the conduct of the business have been adopted
and sent to those in charge of the respective works, and a department
of construction organized for the supervision of the whole. The general regulations accompany this report, as also a copy of the local
organizations, in order that Congress may see how the business of construction is conducted by the department. The compensation paid to
Ca ptain Bowman has been fixed at SB per day, less his pay as captain,
with his travelling expenses whilst inspecting the works; and the
architect has also been retained, to aid the department in his particular
line. The work at the New Orleans custom-house has made good progress during the spring, summer, and fall, notwithstanding the sickness
at New Orleans, and it i3 intended to continue the work through the
"winter. For the Charleston custom-house, the foundation is nearly
completed, and the granite for the basement is being delivered; and
that work also will be continued through the winter. .The other custom-houses contracted for, as stated in the abstract, are in various stagesof progress, and it is expected that greater despatch, and an improve-*
ment in the work and materials, will result from the new arrangements.
It appearing that contracts had been awarded to persons unskilled in
the construction of the works contracted for, and > the contracts subsequently sold, in the advertisements published by the department notice*
20
H. Doc, 3.
was given that the contracts would only be awarded to those practically skilled in building, and that assignments would not be allowed
without the consent of the department.
The custom-house contracted to be built at San Francisco, California,
was located on a square embraced by what is termed the government
reserves, and a large sum had been expended in filling up the square
and piling for the foundation. The State of California set up claim to the
reserves, and upon investigation it was considered hazardous to proceed
with the custom-house, as the title might prove defective. Notice was
given to the contractors, and the work was suspended, and application
made to the State of California for a relinquishment of all claim to the customhouse square. The legislature passed an act to sell the government
reserves, excepting out of the sale the custom-house lot; but there was
no release to the United States of all claim to it. Consequently, the
work remains suspended, and the application has been renewed lor the
release, and it is expected the release will be obtained, and that tire
contractors for the custom-house will be enabled to proceed with tlie
building.
The abstract accompanying this report exhibits marine hospitals at
Chelsea, near Boston; Norfolk, Virginia; Ocracoke, North Carolina;
Cleveland, Ohio; Chicago, Illinois; Pittsburg, Pennsylvania; Louisville,
Kentucky; Paducah, Kentuckj*; Natchez, Mississippi; New Orleans,
Louisiana; Mobile, Alabama; and Key West, Florida. Appropriations
have been made for such establishments at Napoleon, Arkansas ; Vicksburg, Mississippi; Evansville, Indiana; Portland, Maine; San Francisco, California; and the hospitals are in course of construction, and
some of them, as appears by the abstract, nearly completed. At Baldmore, New Orleans, Charleston, Cincinnati, Nashville, and Barnstable,
arrangements for sick and invalid seamen are made with medical hospitals and other institutions. In other, and smaller ports, the collectors
provide for invalid seamen, conformably to circulars from the department. The marine hospitals are sustained, in part, by the hospital
fund collected from seamen, and in part by appropriations by Congress. The construction of hospitals will be under the superintendence
of the department organized for the construction of custom-houses, and
the same system of accountability and inspection will be applied to
them. By-laws and regulations for the government of the respective
hospitals, so modified as to suit each locality, have been prepared and
put in force, and the charge of them, in this department, so arranged
bat the accounts sure required to be periodically rendered, and a proper
economy enforced. These hospitals, with adequate provision for sick
and disabled seamen, are recommended to the continued favorable consideration of Congress.
The act of Congress to provide for the better security of the lives of
passengers on board vessels propelled, in whole or in part, by steam*
has claimed the attention of the department. The supervising inspectors were all in due time appointed, as also the local boards provided in
the act. They entered at once on the discharge of the duties specified
in the act, and have been arduously engaged in giving it full effect.
There will not have been a year's experience, under its full operation,
ontil about the 1st June next; but so far its operation has been highly
H. Doc. 3. 21
favorable, and gives reason to hope that better security, both as to life
and property, on steam-vessels, will be the result of its faithful and vigilant execution. Interrogations have been sent out by the department,
under the provisions of the 40th section, in order to elicit the information
designated in the 39th section, and when answers shall bo received the
interrogations and the information elicited will be duly communicated.
In the mean time, a report received from the board ofinspectors convened
at Cincinnati, and giving much valuable information, is herewith transmitted. The operation of the act promising to be highly beneficial, the
Pacific coast should participate in all the benefits and advantages it is
calculated to afford. Under the existing provisions of the act this is impracticable, and therefore it is recommended that a new supervising district be established, to embrace that coast, with a supervising inspector*
Inconvenience arises from there being two sets of local inspectors—one
set under the act of 1S3S, and the other set under the act of 1852. The
inspectors under the act of 1S3S are in no way under the superintendence of this department; although, without its concurrence, the necessary papers cannot be issued by the custom-house officers- Those
under the act of 1352 are under the superintendence of the department.
It is not desirable that the boats inspected under the act of 1838 should
be subject to all the provisions of the act of 1S52; but it is desirable
that there should be but one set of inspectors, and that all should be
under proper superintendence.
Attention is called to the Louisville and Portland canal* The ten
thousand shares of capital stock in that company, under the provisions
•of the act of the legislature of Kentucky, have been reduced to 3,712,
of which 2,902 belong to the United States, and 810 to individuals.
These S10 shares will be reduced by the earnings of the canal for the
year 1S53, of which the company will furnish a report, and the earnings of 1854 will complete the purchase, and leave the United States
the sole stockholder and proprietor of the canal, and entitled to possession of it on complying with the condition of theact of Kentucky under which the private stock has been purchased. That condition requires that no more tolls shall be collected than will be sufficient to
keep the canal in repair, pay the necessary cost of superintendence
And custody, and make all the improvements needed, fully to answer
the purpose of its establishment, and to protect and guard the interests
of commerce* An appropriate act is wanted at the present session, to
provide for the superintendence of the canal and the carrying out of
the provisions of the act of the legislature of Kentucky, in order to
tnake the canal free, as far as practicable, to the commerce of the Ohio*
Attention is also called to the $5,000,0000, balance of the $10,000,000, agreed to be given to Texas in the settlement of the boundary of
New Mexico, and not yet issued, but retained under the proviso to the
boundary bill. The late administration decided that all the stock of
Texas mentioned in that proviso must first be released to the United
States before the stock could be issued, and the present administration
determined not to disturb that decision. The consequence is, that the
creditors of Texas remain unpaid, although many are willing to file
Aneir stock and release all claim on the United States, and receive the
proportion of the $5,000,000 accorded to them by Texas, while the
22
II. Doc* 3.
United States, with abundant means to pay, cannot do so, and the debt
remains liable to a claim for interest, which, under the act, could not
well be refused.
Attention is also called to the fact that the treasury building docs not
afford sufficient room for the accommodation of the clerks of the department, and that the Land Office, belonging to the Department of the Interior, is now accommodated in the building to the exclusion of part of
the clerks of the Third Auditor, and of all'the clerks of the First and
Fifth Auditors. The basement rooms in the treasury building have
been found so damp and unhealthy as to make it proper to rent a building, and remove part of the clerks of the Third Auditor from the basement. The Fifdi Auditor and his clerks had been accommodated in the
building occupied by the State Department, but the Secretary, requiring'the rooms for his own clerks, requested the removal ot the Fifth
Auditor and his clerks, and a building was rented and that officer removed
to it. The rented buildings are not as safe for the records as the rooms
of the treasury building, and there is great inconvenience in having
part of the clerical force out of the building, and beyond immediate
control.
Attention is also called to the fact that James Collier, late collector
of San Francisco, was indicted for failing to pay over the revenue
collected by him, and for loaning it in violation of law. He was arrested under a writ issued in accordance with the laws of the United
States, and when about to be conveyed by the marshal to California to
answer the indictment, was taken out of his custody by writ of habeas
corpus, issued by a judge of the State of Ohio, and set at large. There
is no law to transfer such cases to a United States judge, and no provision for an appeal from the decision of the State judge.
Attention is called to the acts of Congress giving authority to rent warehouses and other buildings for the use of the custom-houses. There
seems to be no limitation to the authority to rent, other than the discretion of the collector and the sanction of the Secretary. Under pretence
of this authority a contract was made by my predecessor with Eldridge,
under date of the 28th August, 1S51, to construct four warehouses in
San Francisco, to be finished in IS months, and to rent them for the
term of ten years from time of completion, at the agreed rent of 81,500
per month each, subject to revaluation every two years. Another contract was made on the 24th of February, 1853, with Theodore Adams,
toconstruct another building, and rent it for 10 years at 825,000 per year,
the rent to be fixed anew every two years. Upon examination it was
thought that there was no authority given to the Secretary to make
these leases. The Eltfridge buildings had been constructed and about
16 months'rent paid, 12 months of it in advance, to the 1st of January,
1854, and the Adams contract had just been made. Notice was given
to Eldridge that the contract with him was considered to have been
made without sufficient authority, and that the buildings would be
abandoned after the time to which the rent had been paid in advance.
Notice was given to Adams that the contract with him was considered
to have been made without authority of law, and that the building
would not be accepted, nor the contract to rent considered binding on the
United States. The attention of the department has since been called to
H. Doc. 3.
23
a joint resolution of Congress in relation to the bonded warehouses in
the city, of New York, the proviso to which, it was contended, gave the
Secretary authority to make these contracts and leases, but which, under
a proper construction, gives no such authority. It was subsequently
thought that the acceptance of the Eldridge houses by the collector
and the Secretary, and the payment of the rent in advance, might
be deemed a renting within trie authority given to the collector and
Secretary; and notice has been given that the buildings will be retained until Congress shall decide upon the subject. The notice to
Adams has not been withdrawn, and the building will not be accepted
unless Congress shall declare the contract and leasing obligatory. It is
submitted to Congress that this authority to contract for buildings and
renting for long periods, if it really exists, requires modification and
restriction within proper limits.
An exhibit also accompanies this report, showing the number of persons employed at each port, with the expenses.
The resolution of the Senate of the 19th of January, 1853, requiring
the Secretary of the Treasury to have prepared and submitted to the
Senate, at its next session, a general revenue law, with a view of superseding all existing laws upon the subject, &c., has claimed attention;
and some progress has been made in the work, which it is expected
will be presented, in whole or in part, during the session, and in time for
the consideration of Congress.
The circular instructions issued by me from time to time, and not
hereinbefore mentioned, also accompany this report.
All which is repectfully submitted.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
H o n . D . R . ATCHISON,
President pro tern. of the U* S.
Senate.
Treasury.
24
H. Doc. 3.
List of papers accompanying the annual report of the Secretary of the
Treasury on thejinances, of December^, 1853.
A. Statement of receipts and expenditures for the year ending June 30,
1853
B. Statement of receipts and expenditures for the quarter ending September 30, 1853.
0 . Table showing the purchase and redemption of stocks lrom July 1,
1852, to December 3, 1853.
D. Notice of the redemption of the five per cent, stocks of 1843.
E. Notice of 30th July, 1S53, of redemption of stocks.
F. Notice of 22d August, 1S53, of redemption of stocks.
G. Exports and imports.
H. Articles imported free of duty, and their value, for six years.
1. Articles to be made free.
K. Articles to pay high rate of duty.
L. Articles duty free in foreign ports.
M. J. Ross Browne's report on fishing bounties.
N. Table showing the tonnage of the United States.
O. Table of coinage from 1T92 to 1853.
P. Coin and bullion imported and exported from 1821 to 1853.
Q. Lease and contract of Bank of Commerce and Bank of the State of
New York, to the United States.
R. Circulars to collectors upon their appointments to office, relative to in*
spectors, &c.
S. List of secret inspectors.
T . Statement of revenue cutter officers removed and those now in service; also cutters in service and their stations.
U. Instructions to treasurer and assistant treasurers to receive depositee.
V. Regulation requiring monthly accounts.
W. Balances on books of accounting officers.
X . Instructions to First and Second Comptrollers of the Treasury and
Commissioner of Customs.
Y, Instructions relative to duty bonds.
Z. Balances on the books of the Solicitor.
A A. Report of Third Auditor.
AB. Third Auditor, with supplemental report.
AC. Propositions to modify Second and Third Auditors' offices.
AD. Auditor of Post Office Department.
AE. First Auditor.
AF. Second Auditor.
AG. Fourth Auditor.
AH. Fifth Auditor.
AI. Report of the First Comptroller.
AK. Report of the Second Comptroller.
AL, Commissioner of Customs.
AM. Register of the Treasury.
AN. P. B. Streeter, Solicitor of the Treasury, report of the state of the
business of his office.
AP. Report of the Treasurer of the United States.
Avi, Report of the Coast Survey.
AR. Report of the Light-house Board.
AS. Custom-houses.
H. Doc. 3*
25
AT. Regulations for the construction of custom-houses and other build*
ings.
AU. Organization for custom-house at Charleston.
AV. Marine hospitals.
AW, Report of the board of supervising inspectors.
AX. Advances made to and persons employed in custom-houses.
AZ. Circulars issued to collectors since 4th March, 1853.
BC. Wines, spirits, &c., from 1821 to 1853.
BD. Breadstuff's and provisions exported from 18*21 to 1853.
BE. Tobacco and rice exported from 1821 to 1853.
BP. Goods remaining in warehouse.
BG. Cotton exparted from 1821 to 1853.
BH. Value and duties on certain articles for the years 1849 to 1850.
BI. Foreign merchandise imported, re-exported, and consumed, from
1821 to 1853.
BK. Foreign merchandise re-exported from 1821 to 1853.
BL. Imports, and imports consumed; exports and tonnage from 1821 to
1853
26
EL Doc. 3,
A.
*Statement of duties, revenues, and public expenditures, during the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1S53, agreeably to warrants issued, exclusive of trust
funds and treasury notes funded•
The receipts into the treasury during the fiscal year ending June 30,1653,
were as follows:
From customs, viz:
During quarter ending September 30,1852
$15,723,935 71
Do
do
December 31,1852
11,307,465 45
Do
do
March 31,1853
16,208,493 82
Do
do
June 30,1853
15, GDI, 905 51
$58,931,865 52
From Bales of public lands, viz:
During quarter ending September 30, 1852
Do
do
December 31,1852
Do
do
March 31,1853
Do
do
June 30,1853
415,915
243,597
422,030
585,521
91
16
78
14
1,667,034 99
From miscellaneous and incidental sources
738,623 89
Total receipts
Balance in the treasury July 1,1852
61,337,571 40
11,632,136 37
Total means
75,969,710 77
The expenditures for the fiscal year ending June 30,1853, exclusive of
trust funds, were:
CIVIL LIST.
•
Legislative, including b o o k s . - . .
Executive...
Judiciary
Governments in the Territories of the United States
Surveyors and their clerks, &c
Officers of the mint and branches
Commissioner of the Public buildings, cl.erk, &c
Secretary to sign patents for public lands
$2,015,313
1,611,814
878,309
123,764
93,080
52,550
3,065
1,500
16
3G
54
86
01
(X)
00
00
Total civil list
$1,784,396 93
rOAClG.Y INTERCOURSE.
Salaries and outfits of ministers and charg6s des affaires...
Salary of minister resident to Turkey
Salaries of secretaries of legation
Salary and outfit of commissioner to reside in C h i n a . . . . . .
Commissioner to the Sandwich Islands
Dragoman and assistant dragoman to Turkey
Secretary and interpreter to Chinese mission
Compensation for certain diplomatic services
Contingent expenses of all the missions abroad
Contingent expenses of foreign intercourse
„„
Salary of consul at London
Clerk hire and office rent of consul at London
Salary of consul at Alexandria
Salary of consul at B o y r o u t . . . . .
Salaries of consuls at Hwang, &c., China
Office rent of consul at Basle, Switzerland
Belief and protection of American seamen
Intercourse with Barbary 'powers
Interpreters, guards, and other expenses of consulates in
the Turkish dominions
290,005
9, 000
24,060
33,185
250
5 t 250
750
22, 014
51,164
34,390
3,000
3,090
6,250
625
3,000
100
113,146
13,767
74
00
72
39
00
00
00
19
28
43
00
75
00
00
00
00
20
40
989 7
H. Doc. 3,
Awards under 15th article of treaty between the United
States and Mexico
..
To enable the Prcr.dent to conclude a treaty with MexicoContingent expenses of board of commissioners under treaty
with Mexico
.
Payment under 9th article of treaty between the United
States and Spain
Payment of liquidated claims against Mexico
.........
27
$10,914 99
21,894 12
13,412 70
870 00
544 86,
665,685 54
Deduct amount of repayments on appropriations where,
there were no expenditures
Total foreign intercourse.
66,655 40
. . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 5 9 9 , 0 3 0
MISCELLANEOUS.
Mint establishment
Salaries of assistant treasurers and clerks
Compensation of £ per centum to each designated depositor
..
Contingent expenses under act for collecting, &c. ? public
revenue
Compensation to special agents to examine books, &c., in,
the several depositories
Expenses incident to loans and treasury notes
Expenses incident to issuo of $10,000,000 of stock for
Texan indemnity
-....
Redemption of outstanding loan office and final settlement,
certificates
Survey of the coast of the United States
Survey of the western coast of the United States . . . . . . . . .
Continuing survey of Florida reefs and keys, & c .
Reconstruction and repairs of steamer Bibb, used in the survey of Nantucket shoals
.*
Per-centago in salaries of officers attached to the coast
survey
Fuel and quarters of officers of the army serving on coast
survey
Belief of the corporate cities of the District of Columbia - .
Reimbursement of debt contracted by several corporate
cities of District of Columbia
Results and account of the exploring expedition, & c . . . - - .
Mail services of several departments of the government,
per 12th section act March 3,1847, and 8th section act
March 3,1851
To supply any deficiency that may arise in the Post Office
Department, per 9th section act March 3, 1851
Mail services for two houses of Congress, and other departments of the government, per 8th section act of March
3, 1851
For the service of the Post Office Department, to supply a
deficiency in the revenue of that department for the year
1853, per act March 3,1853
.
Payment to Chickasaw Indians, amount of defalcation of
Captain R. D. Collins, United States disbursing a g e n t . . .
Payment of horses and other property lost in the military
service of the United States
Salaries and expenses of supervising and local inspectors..
Consular receipts.
——Expenses of removing to the State whence they fled, fugitives from service or labor
.
.......r....
Expenses of the Smithsonian Institution, per act August lQ t
1846
153,530 42
25,121 41
317 50
16,188 07
3^230 92
12,779 33
204 18
4,442
186,000
150,000
30,000
05
00
00
00
18,000 00
4,172 57
4,500 00
43,378 42
60,000 00
18,000 00
400,000 00
500,000 00
875,000 00
378,750 00
45,592 68
2,215 01
24,614 36
3,214 95
2,586 29
.. ..V,
30,910 14
Expenses incurred by the provisional government of Oregon, in defending the people of {he Territory from Cayus©
Indians
84,324 1§
14
28
H. Doc. 3.
Claims of the State of Maine
Purchasing, &c., land near the city of Mexico for a cemetery..-..
Statues for the east front of the Capitol
Claims not otherwise provided for
Payment of draughtsman and assistants to the head of the
scientific corps, &c., in reconstruction of maps of boundary, under the treaty of Washington
Payment of messengers of respective States for conveying
to the seat of government the electoral votes
Purchase of a library to be kept at the scat of government
of the Territory of Washington
Public buildings in the Territory of Minnesota
Public buildings in the Territory of New Mexico
Purchase of library for Territory of New Mexico
Per-centage in salaries of twelve watchmen at the navy
yard, Washington
Purcfcase of 100 complete sets of Little & Brown's edition
of Statutes at Large, from volume 1 to volume 9
To pay for printing the estimates of appropriations
Expenses of collecting revenue from customs
Payment of debentures or drawbacks, bounties or allowances
Repayment to importers, excess of deposites for unascertained duties
Refunding duties
Debentures and other charges
Additional compensation to collectors, naval officers, & c . . ,
Salaries of special examiners of drugs
Proceeds of the sale of goods,
per act April 2,1844..
Construction and equipment of not less than si* revenuo
cutters
Support and maintenance of light-houses, & c
Building light-houses, & c .
Marine hospital establishment
....
Building, &c., marine hospitals
Do
cu&tom-hoiise3
*
Fuel and quarters of officers of the army serving on lighthouse d u t y ..
Additional compensation to officers and men of the revenue
service who served on the coast of California and Mexico.
To secure some proper place for the burial of seamen who
die in the New York hospital
Expenses of collecting revenue from sales of public lands.
Surveys of public lands, & c
Expenses incurred in geological reconnoisaance in Oregon..
Expenses of the mineral land service
Eunning and marking meridian boundary between Wisconsin and Minnesota
Eunning and marking northern boundary of Iowa.
Expenses of surveying and marking boundary between tho
States of Missouri and Iowa
Repayments for lands erroneously sold
.
Refunding moneys where certain lands have been entered in
Greensburg district,Louisiana
..
Services heretofore performed by registers and receivers in
locating military bounty land warrants.
Payment of bounty land certificates
Two and three per cent, to the State of Alabama
Two and t h r e e . . . . d o
do..
Mississippi.......
Three —
do
do...
..Missouri
Five
. . . d o . - - . - - - d o . . . . . . . . L o u i s i a n a . . . . . . .„
Five
do
.do
Florida
Five.
.do
.do
* Arkansas
Five
do..
do
Iowa
Debentures and other charges (lands,)
*
Expenses of settling land claims in California
$11,269 07
3.^60 34
5,630 00
1,1C1 07
2,050 00
18,917 50
4,00000
6,000 00
19,700 00
564 67
2,253 60
3,150 00
2,970 00
2, 2-13,377 73
519, G30 11
1,052,086
19,393
187,326
10,060
7,300
1,070
75
61
19
96
75
16
31,376
615,633
325,975
230,750
42,596
531,554
24
42
09
10
53
12
1,352 36
12,670 00
5,000
112,220
205,262
16,934
27,317
00
46
44
25
37
f>00 00
14,724 65
5,521 34
34 035 14
3,741 83
136,158 01
1,325 00
13,875 17
11,812 99
17,405 84
5,765 73
1,865 22
8,941 80
11,901 90
1,776 87
49,633 65
H. Doc. 3.
29
Expenses of running and marking boundary between the
United States and Mexico
Subdividing islands of Santa Cruz, &c., on the coast of
California
Expenses of taking the seventh census
Patent fund
Per-centage on salaries in the Patent Office
Extension of the Capitol
Repairs of the Congressional libraiy-room lately destroyed
by
fire
Completing east wing of the Patent Office building
Erection of the west wing of the Patent Office building...
Eepairs and alterations of public buildings in Washington,
improving streets, squares, &c
Eepairs of Potomac and Eastern Branch bridges, & c . . . . Bridge across the Potomac at the Little falls
Purchasing a site and erecting, &c., an asylum for the insane
of the District of Columbia, &c
Support and maintenance of the penitentiary in the District
of Columbia
Support and maintenance of the insane paupers of the District of Columbia
Support and medical treatment of twelve transient paupers
of the District of Columbia
Auxiliary watch for the City of Washington
Relief of sundry individuals
Miscellaneous items
Total miscellaneous
$345,469 82
20,000
127,485
111,544
5,110
515,000
00
30
87
70
00
62,500 00
123,382 56
62,000 00
127,447 25
13,607 00
11,000 00
35,000 00
9,210 00
8,932 77
2,000
15,190
328,133
2,723
-
00
00
25
44
• $11,792,369 70
UNDER DIRECTION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.
Indian department
Pensions, military
Pensions, naval
Claims of the State of Virginia
Relief of sundry individuals
-
-
-
3,761,102
1,551,923
175,396
20,043
21,069
74
80
30
75
00
Total under Department of the Interior
5,529,535 55
UNDER DIRECTION OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT.
Army proper
Military Academy
Fortifications and other works of defence
Armories, arsenals, and munitions of war
Harbors, rivers, roads, &c
Surveys
1
Arming and equipping militia
Relief of sundry individuals, and miscellaneous
Payment of volunteers
-
-
7,314,491
146,523
112,675
856,421
463,579
208,213
202,399
27G, 000
361,936
18
53
37
97
30
16
78
40
18
Total under War Department
947,290 87
UNDER DIRECTION OF THE KAVT DEPARTMENT.
Pay and subsistence, including medicines, &c
Increase, repairs, ordnance, and equipments
Contingent expenses
—
Navy y a r d s . . ! . .
Navy hospitals and asylums
Dry docks
.
Steam mail service....
Relief of sundry individuals, and miscellaneous..-Marino corps
Total under Navy Department..*.
3,782,236 35
2,300,607 00
534,467 31
693,033
12
3 0 1
H 5
732,056 65
1,564,933 61
833,210 56
364,661 54
.....
......
10,891^639 59
H. Doc. 3.
30
PUBLIC DEBT.
Paying the old public debt
Interest on public debt, including treasury notes
Redemption of stock, loan of 1842...
Do
.do
1843
Do
-do
1846..
Do
do...
1847......
Do
do
1848..
Premium, commission, &c., on stocks redeemed
Reimbursement of treasury notes, per acta prior to July 22,
1846, received for customs
Reimbursement of treasuiy notes, per act July 22, 1846,
paid in specie
—
Reimbursement of treasury notes, per act January 28,1847,
paid in specie
Redemption of treasury notes, purloined
$1,165
3,665,832
167,495
4,296,862
63,200
1,668,650
193,300
420,498
91
74
60
50
00
00
00
64
250 00
59 00
50 00
200 00
Total public debt
$10,482,555 39
Total expenditures
—
54,026,818 21
Balance in the treasury July 1,1853
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
..
21,942,892 56
Register's Ojficc, Nov. 23,1853.
F. BIGGER, IlegUter.
B.
Statement of the receipts and expenditures of the United Statesfar the quartet
ending Sept. 30, 1S53, exclusive of trust fund* and treasury notes funded.
RECEIPTS.
Frftm customs
From sales of lands
From miscellaneous sources
$19,718,822 00
1,489,562 05
147,994 87
.
21,356,378 92
EXPENDITURES.
Civil list* foreign intercourse, and miscellaneous
Interior—Pensions
Indian department.
4,331,091 62
$527,972 76
318,210 25
War—Army proper, &c
Fortifications, ordnance, & c . . . . . . .
Navy v
Paying (old) public debt.
Redemption of stock, loan of 1842
Do
do
1843
Do
do
1846
Do
do
2,5-17,74122
388,120 18
.
1847.
100
219,500
1,415,252
347,500
00
00
98
00
846,213 01
2,935,661 40
3,140,129 35
1,106,600 00
Do
do
1848
Premium and commission on stock redeemed
Reimbursement of treasury notes, per acts prior to22d July,
1846, paid in s p e c i e . . . . . . . . .
335,258 20
367,395 99
100 00
3,791; 707 17
Deduct amount refunded for advances for paying interest on
public debt, & c . . . . . . . i
13,618 85
3,778,089 32
15,081,-383 70
TREASURYDEPARTMENT,
JUgUtcr'M Qffiu, AW. 23,1853.
F. BIGGER, Register*
H. Doc. 3.
31
C.
Purchase and redemption of the stocks of the United States from July 1,
1852, to December 3, 1853, inclusive.
Date of payment.
1852, July 4.
Oct. 15.
21.
23..
23.
Nov. 17.
30.
Doc. 2 .
10.,
29..
31.
1853, Jaq. 6.
7..
10.
13.
12.
15.
18.
20.
26.,
31.
Feb, 9.
15.,
18..
23..
26..
26..
26.
26.,
26.
28.,
28.
28.,
Mar. 1.
2.
2l
2.
3.
4.
4.
7.
8.
8.
9.
11.
12.
12.
16.
17.
18.
19.
21.
Dcscript'n Amount of princi- Premium, accruing
of stock.
pal.
interest, and such
commissions as
were paid prior to
JuJy 1,1853.
1843
1843
1843
1843
1847
1843
1843
1843
1843
1847
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1&17
1848
1842
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1843
1847
1848
1847
1842
1847
1848
1847
1842
1847
1842
1847
1848
1847
1843
1847
1848
1843
1843
1843
1843
1847
$153,200 00
49,500 00
101,000 00
700,000 Of)
250,400 00
100,000 00
50,000 00
501,300 00
25,000 00
362,750 00
10,000 00
16,400 00
$499 33
•15,500
46,264
1,833
231
3,133
00
87
34
75
13
"*70,'507*92
2,000 00
123 00
10,000 00
7,000 00
2,600 00
86,500 00
11,800 00
31,000 00
239,000 00
42,000 00
12,500 00
22,200 00
2,000 00
46,000 00
323,850 00
10,750 00
2,700 00
30,500 00
35,000 00
3,000 00
34,000 00
25,000 00
1,000 00
3,000 00
10,000 00
38,300 00
16,000 00
31,700 00
1,700 00
25,100 00
10,000 00
56,200 00
8.), 600 00
5,000 00
5,000 00
10,000 00
4,600 00
41,050 00
15,000 00
15,000 00
14,000 00
8,000 00
19,000 00
1,400 00
193 75
34 08
63,022
2,118
408
4,657
56
84
37
50
236 25
6,862 25
5,062 50
607
2,062
7,877
2,480
6,220
348
5,208
1,550
11,799
12,493
1,012
1,012
1,949
50
50
37
00
03
50
25
00
00
00
50
50
79
" 7 , 774 52
2,810 93
261 44
Aggregate.
$153,200 00
49,999 33
101,000 00
715,500 00
296,664 87
101,833 34
50,231 75
504,433 13
25,000 00
433,257 92
12,000 00
16,523 00
10,000 00
7,600 00
2,600 00
86,500 00
11,800 00
31,193 75
239,000 00
42,000 00
12,500 00
22,234 08
2,000 00
46,000 00
336,872 56
12,868 84
3,103 37
35,157 50
35,000 00
3,236 25
40,862 25
30,062 50
1,000 00
3,607 50
12,062 50
46,177 37
18,480 00
37,920 03
2,048 50
30,308 25
11,550 00
67,999 00
93,093 00
6,012 50
6,012 50
11,949 79
4,600 00
48,824 52
17,810 93
15,000 00
14,000 00
8,000 00
19,000 00
1,661 44
* T u b is interest on §803,200; the balance of principal being included in another date.
II. Doc. 3.
C—Continued.
32
Date of payment.
1853, Mar. 22
23,
23.
23
24.
25.
26.
26.
28,
29
29
30
31
April 1
1,
2.
5.
5.
5.
7.
11.
12.
13,
16.
20,
23.
25.
29.
May 5,
.9.
10.
11.
11.
12.
14.,
14.,
14.
16.,
16.,
17.,
18.,
20.,
21.,
21.
23.,
23.,
23.,
24.,
25..
25.,
25.,
26.,
25..
28.,
30.,
De«cript'n Amount of princi- Premium, accruing
interest, nml such
of fiock.
pal.
commissions a*
were raid prior to
July 1,
1843
1842
1847
1848
1843
1843
1843
1847
1843
1847
1848
1843
1843
1842
1847
1848
1843
1843
1842
1&47
1843
1843
18*18
'1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1847
1848
1847
1843
1847
1843
1843
1847
1843
1847
1847
1846
1848
1843
1846
1847
1846
1842
1843
1849
1846
1847
3843
1846
$20,000
27,600
104,600
32,400
17,500
7,000
S3,823 50
20,792 49
6,425 50
13,000
32,000
5,800
5,000
9,000
14,000
95
70,200
15,000
77,000
37,400
5,912
33,900
23,300
7,700
10,000
16,000
10,000
50,000
5,000
4,000
2,384 35
16,000
"l,"094 77*
939 57
14 22
14,148 49
3,018 75
760 71
7,228 61
"l,"880*94*
101,000
22,000
29,000
182,600
500
11,000
32,000
9,850
41,000
25,000
5,000
30,000
40,900
5,600
23,400
1,900
20,000
8,000
20,000
10,000
700
21,600
3,000
56,500
1,500
2,000
31,600
13,000
3,000
2,231 14
6,490 61
1,999 52
"a] 548*38*
909 67
*7,*445*02*
1,020 14
4,274 91
347 03
1,353 54
1,462 02
"* 675*12*
127 55
3,454 66
407 90
"278*95
48 40
5,870 55
" 194*ii"
H. Doc. 3.
C—Continued.
Date of payment.
1653, May 30
31
31
June
2
g
1847
7.....
7
0
9
1848
11
13
11
35...
1(1........
17
18.
18
20
21
21...
2J
22........
25!!"-"!
25
25
27
28
20
29
30
July 1
1
1
1
2
o
g"ZIIII I
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
18
19
20
21
22
23
25
De?cript-n Amount of princi- Premium, accruin;
of btock.
pal.
interest, anil such
eoimnisrions as
were paid prior to
July 1, 18.53.
1847
1648
1847
1818
1843
1847
30
3
33
1847
1848
1847
1843
1847
1647
1846
1847
1847
1848
1843
1846
1847
1848
1847
1843
1847
18 48
1843
18-17
1843
1810
1843
1843
1847
1846
1848
1843
1817
1848
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1813
1843
1843
1843
1813
1846
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
1843
$8,000
2, 000
35,00(1
6, 000
50, 000
5,150
25,200
18,300
20,000
8,000
19,800
37, 000
37,500
19,000
1,600
11,500
50,300
5,550
17,000
3,000
35,000
10, ooo
2,000
2,000
21, 500
10,000
1,200
8, 000
13, 000
6, 000
3G, 400
104,600
600
6,500
1,500
133,800
41,700
6,900
122,100
31,700
25,231
53,700
77, 600
$1,493
374
6,654
1,140
59
65
84
83
1,004
5,127
3,725
4,161
1,604
4,118
11
86
13
83
76
78
7,812
4,001
116
2,415
10,591
1,175
37
31
56
82
96
73
234
7,414
2,118
423
62
61
46
69
4,581 58
2,130 97
1,703 19
652 11
126 24
420 26
315 60
8,997 39
1,483 75
66,100
4,000
38,500
115,500
56,500
25,000
19,200
2,000
21,000
34,000
37,000
30,000
43,300
33,000
189 00
Aggregate.
34
II. Doc. 3.
C—Continued.
Date of payment.
1853, Jdy 26.
27.
23,
23.
29.
30.
Aug. 1.
2.
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5
6
6.
8,
8,
8.
9.
9,
10.
10,
11
11
11
32
12
13
13
15
15
16
16,
17
37
18,
18.
39.
19,
19.
20.
20.
24.
24.
24.
24.
24.
22.
23.
25.
25.
25.
26.
26.
Descript'n Amount of princi- Premium, nccniinp
pal.
' inUTPft, and *>uch'
of «iock.
CONIMIJ^IFUT* A*
were pa ill prior to
July 1, 1653.
3843
3843
1843
1847
1843
1843
1843
1847
1843
1847
3843
1847
1848
1843
1647
1843
1842
1847
1843
3847
1843
1843
1847
1843
1647
3843
1847
1848
3843
1847
1843
1847
1843
1847
3847
3848
1843
3817
1843
1847
1843
3847
3848
3843
3847
3842
3843
1846
3847
3848
3847
3847
3842
1846
1847
3842
1846
$3,000
30,000
844,600
300
56,600
73,100
00
00
00
00
00
00
$GU 1 3
21,000 00
750 00
21,000 00
i,<>:>o oo
30,000
59,300
35,000
6,000
00 .
00
00
00
34,000
72,000
32,500
40,COO
30,400
26,000
10,000
20,550
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
43,350
5,000
8,300
14,900
14,000
33,850
30,500
22,800
30,000
32,450
25,000
9,500
20,000
55,500
66,500
53,250
42,000
47,000
43,000
20,800
20,200
4,000
9,000
3,500
44,200
5,000
35,700
3,300
35,000
5,700
8,000
3,000
20,000
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
18,000 00
11,000 00
157 50
220*50*
12*453*00
7,350 00
3,780
7,340
11,445
2,625
00
00
65
00
2* 184 Of)
5,400 00
4,315 50*
9 , 1 0 3 50
1743*00
3,129 00
7*103*50
4,768 00
6,814 50
5,250 00
1,995 00
31,655 00
• • • . . . .
31,182 50
9,870 00
9,030 00
4,242 00
640 00
297
9,282
3,050
7,497
- 093
2,400
484
1,680
480
1,700
50
00
00
00
00
00
50
00
00
00
II. Doc. 3.
C—Continued.
Date of payment.
1853, Aug. 26.
27.
27.
27.
29.
29.
29.
30.
31.
31.
31.
31.
31.
30.
Sept. 1.
1.
2.
2.
2.
3.
3.
3.
5.
5.
5.
6.
6.
6.
7.
7.
8.
8.
8.
9.
9.
9.
10.
12.
12.
12.
12.
12.
13.
13.
13.
13.
13.
14.
14.
15.
15.
15.
16.
16.
17.
17.
19.
35
Descript'n Amount of princi- Premium, accruing
of stock.
pal.
interest, and such
commissions as
were paid prior to
July 1,1853.
1847
1843
1847
1818
1842
1846
1847
1846
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1647
1847
1848
1842
1847
1848
1843
1846
1847
1842
1846
1847
1843
1846
1S47
1846
Z847
1842
1846
1847
1843
1846
1847
1847
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1843
1846
1842
1846
1847
1842
1847
1846
1847
1843
$15,000 00
6,500 00
6,200 00
15,450 00
36,400 00
26, 500 00
50,000 00
15,400 00
8,000 00
2, 500 00
3,000 00
5,500 00
2,000 00
22,100 00
15,000 00
3,500 00
1, 300 00
11,000 00
11,500 00
41,000 00
1,000 00
6,500 00
8,000 00
17,000 00
14,000 00
2,000 00
43,800 00
20,000 00
6,000 00
25,500 00
4,500 00
3,100 00
850 00
4,000 00
50,000 00
9,400 00
2,500 00
11,000 00
30,900 00
104, lf)0 00
850 00
8,600 00
9,000 00
14,000 00
5,000 00
19,000 00
2,000 00
1,000 00
1,000 00
2,000 00
8,000 00
2,500 00
12,300 00
4,000 00
1,400 00
200 00
10,000 00
$3,150 00
1,302
3,244
5,824
2,252
10,500
J,309
1,280
00
50
00
50
00
00
00
255
3,155
420
4,641
3,150
735
203
2,310
2,415
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
" "85*00'
1,365
1,230
1,445
2,940
00
00
00
00
3,723
4,200
510
5,355
720
263
178
00
00
00
00
00
50
50
"4,250
1,974
525
1,760
00
00
00
00
*8~ 843*50*
178 50
1,806 00
1,440 00
***425*00*
3,990 00
420 00
65*U0"
320
680
525
1,963
840
119
42
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
II. Doc. 3.
C—Continued.
36
Descrip-
Daie of pajmcm.
tion
of stock.
1 Amount of princi-Premium, ncrniinj;
pal.
inirrcM, ami Mich:
coiujniiM«ui« n*' !
\vm- paid prior lr>
July 1, l^Vi.
j
i
1853, Sept. 19
20
20
20
20
20
21
22
22
OO^
23
24
24
24
26
2(J
2
27
27
27
23
28
*
28
23
28
29
29
29
30
Oct
iiniriizziriizizr
i...
i
3
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
5..
5
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
8
8
8....
10..
10....
11
1648
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1847
1812
1843
1846
1847
1847
1843
1847
1818
3843
1847
1848
1843
1847
1848
3842
3843
1846
1847
1848
1843
1846
3847
1842
1847
1842
3843
1847
1812
3847
1848
1843
1847
1848
1812
1846
3847
1848
1842
1847
3848
3843
1546
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1843
3847
1842
|
I
i
• $14,008
4,000
1,000
:j,ooo
11,300
1,700
000
3,000
10,000
15,000
28,500
200
28,000
7,050
20,000
200
74,400
20
00
00
oo
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
53, ooo oo
i
i!
60,400
38,000
38,000
21,000
7,000
2,000
2,100
3,70 1
19,000
1,500
16,400
5,000
45,500
3,000
2,000
15,000
2,000
57,100
2,000
12,700
44,500
23,000
25,000
5,000
333,550
42,000
6,000
4,500
40,000
10,800
8,700
52,800
11,000
9,000
10,000
18,400
4,000
4,650
4,000
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
$2,911 72 |
6 i o tio ;
1
255
2,373
357
11,550
00 '
00 j
00
00
4tr0 00
3 , 2 7 5 00
G , i K i 00
42 00
1,480 50
5 , 4 6 0 00
15,624 00
1 1 , 1 3 0 00
7 , 9 8 0 00
3 , 7 8 0 00
3 , 3 6 0 00
370 00
441 00
7 7 7 00
327
3,444
800
9,555
360
50
00
00
00
00
3,350
320
13,991
420
00
00
00
00
9,345
4,830
4,000
425
27,625
8,820
960
945
8,400
00
00
00
00
50
00
00
00
00
739
13,088
2,330
1,440
850
3,86-4
50
00
00
00
00
00
976 50
640 00
H. Doc. 3.
37
C—Continued.
Dc?cript ? n Amount of princr Premium, accruing
pal.
of stock.
intercut, and such
commissions as
were paid prior to
July 1,1853.
1846
1847
1848
1842
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1848
1847
1848
1842
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1843
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1846
1847
1843
1842
1843
1846
1847
1842
1843
1817
18 48
1842
1846
1847
1343
1342
1847
1843
1812
1846
1847
1843
1312
1843
1846
1847
Texan .
1812
1846
1847
1848
1842
1843
$ 6 , 000 00
364, 000 00
2,000 00
5,000
27,000
5,000
32,000
27,500
10,550
00
00
00
00
00
00
10,000 00
6,000 00
4,000
3,500
30,500
4,000
9,000
51,000
14,900
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
1,000 00
2 7 , 0 0 0 00
$510 00
76,440 00
420 00
800 00
5,670 00
1,050 00
5,120 00
2,337 50
2,215 50
2,100 00
1,260 00
840 00
560 00
6,405 00
840 00
1,440 00
4,335 00
3,129 00
210 00
4,320 00
2,200 00
16,700
15,000
4,000
41,000
36,950
7,200
10,142
75,000
11,700
25, 950
17,000
5, 0 0 0
92, 000
3 0 , 5(10
3,250
5,000
25,200
43,000
15,000
57,300
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
10,000 00
3 . 0 0 0 00
10,000 00
6 2 , 5 0 0 00
1,000
16,000
20,000
6,000
00
00
00
00
21,500
75,000
60,500
29,000
44,600
4,000
00
00
00
00
00
00
2,000 00
I(000 00
*3,Tl9*5o"
3,150 00
840 00
3,435 00
7,759 50
1,512 00
1,622 72
904 50
5,250 00
2,720 00
19,519
6,405
520
425
5,292
9, 030
2,400
12,033
2,100
480
850
13,125
210
2,560
50
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
85
5,145
9,000
9,630
2,465
9,366
840
320
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Aggregate,
66,510 00
440,440 00
2,420 00
5,800 00
32,670 00
6,050 00
37,120 00
29,837 50
12,765 50
12,100 00
7,260 00
4,840 00
4?060 00
36, 905 00
4,840 00
10,440 00
55, 335 00
18.029 00
1,210 00
31, 320 00
2,200 00
38,119 50
38,150 00
4, 840 00
44,435 00
44,709 50
8,712 00
11,764 72
75,000 00
12,694 50
31,200 00
19,720 00
5,000 00
111,519 50
36,905 00
3, 770 00
5,425 00
30, 492 00
52.030 00
17,400 00
69,333 00
12,100 00
3,480 00
10,850 00
75,625 00
1,210 00
18,560 00
20,000 00
6,0S5 00
29,645 00
81,000 00
70,180 00
31,465 00
53,966 00
4,840 00
2,320 00
1,000 00
II. Doc. 3.
38
C—Continued.
Date of payment.
1853, Oct. 23..
23..
23..
2929..
29..
31..
31..
31..
31..
31..
Nor.
1..
1..
1..
1..
1..
2..
2..
2..
2..
3. 3..
4. .
4..
:
t:
5..
5..
5.
5..
5.
7..
7.
7.
8.
8.
8.
8.
99.
9.
9.
10.
10.
10.
11.
11.
11.
11.
12.
12.
12.
12.
14.
14.
14.
15.
Defcrip'n
of stock.
1846
1847
1843
1842
1846
18S7
1842
1343
1346
1817
1343
1842
1843
1846
1847
1843
1843
1846
1847
1845
1842
1&47
1842
1843
1846
1847
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1842
1846
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1843
1842
1847
1849
1842
18*16
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1848
1842
1846
1847
1842
Amount of prin- Premium, accruing
i n t c r o t , and *ucl»
cipal.
cominiwion* a*
were paid prior to
July f , 16W.
$20,900 00
21,550 00
2,500 00
50,000 00
4,200 00
29,300 00
5,300 00
3,000 00
4,000 00
82,700 00
41,300 00
77,000 00
37,000 00
1,000 00
36,200 00
39,000 00
300 00
2,000 00
15,300 00
7,000 00
61,000 00
55,100 00
10,000 00
3,000 00
44,000 00
3,900 00
3,000 00
11,600 00
15,000 00
78,200 00
10,000 00
7,000 00
9,000 00
16,750 00
10,050 00
17,300 00
50,700 00
100 00
22,700 00
8,000 00
20,100 00
17,800
2,000
1,800
300
13,200
4,300
48,500
19,000
12,500
1,000
154,400
5,000
56,900
63,339
20,500
6,000
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
71
00
00
$1,776 50
5, J 55 50
525 00
8,000 00
357 00
6,153 00
m oo
K\o oo
17,367
8,673
12,320
85
7,608
9,450
00
00
00
00
00
00
170
3,213
1,470
9,760
11,571
1,600
00
00
00
00
00
00
3,740 00
819 00
480 00
1,275
16,422
2,100
1,120
765
3,507
1,608
1,470
00
00
00
00
00
50
00
50
21
3,592
680
4,221
3,733
320
378
63
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
10,111 00
2,112 00
365 50
10,185 00
3,990 00
2,000 00
85
32,424
1,050
9,104
6,383
4,305
960
00
00
00
00
87
00
00
6>S0I
II. Doc. 3.
C—Continued.
Date of payment.
1853, Nov. 15
15
15
16
16
16
16
17
17
17
18
18
18
18
19
19
19
19
19....
21
21
21
22
22
fK>
22
23
23
23
23
23
24.
25
25
25..
25
26
26
26
26
23
28
23
29
29
29
29
30
30
30
Dec. 1
1
1........
2
2
3
3
39
Defciip'n
of stock.
Amount of prin- Premium, accruing
cipal.
interest, and such
commissions as
were paid prior to
July 1,1833.
1847
1848
Texan 1842
1846
1847
1848
3842
1846
1847
1842
1846
1817
1843
1842
1846
1847
1848
Texan.
1842
1846
1847
1842
1846
1847
1848
1842
1843
1846
1847
1848
1848
1842
1813
1846
1847
1842
1846
1847
1843
1842
1846
1847
1842
1846
3847
1848
1846
18-17
1848
1842
1846
1847
1846
1847
1842
1847
$77,200 00
$16,212 00
2,850 00
593 50
1,000 00
120 00
14,000 00
2,240 00
1,000 00
85 00
59,000 00
12,390 00
32,000 00
6,720 00
34,500 00
5,520 00
6,700 00
569 50
32,800 00
6,883 00
30,000 00
4,800 00
10,000 00
850 00
25,700 00
5,397 00
19,400 00
4,074 00
5,000 00
800 00
6,000 00
510 00
5,100 00
1,071 00
2,500 00
525 00
32,000 00
3,840 00
6,640 00
41,500 00
59 50
700 00
14,374 50
68,450 00
40,700 00
6,462 00
1,028 50
12,100 00
73,800 00
15,493 00
9,000 00
1,890 00
44,400 00
7,104 00
2,000 00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11,200 00
952 00~
45,400 00
9,534 00
4,000 00
840 00
3,500 00
735 00
6,240 00
39,000 00
20,000 00
12,100 00
1,028 50
14,200 00
2,982 00
6,000 00
960 00
1,000 00
85 00
10,000 00
2,100 00
2,000 00
420 00
9,522 00
59,200 00
306 00
3,600 00
14,,763 00
70,300 00
1,280 00
8,000 00
36,000 00
3,060 00
17,493 00
83,300 00
86,500 00
18,365 00
425 00
5,000 00
39,795 00
189,500 00
161,000 00
33,810 00
19,300 00
3,038 00
255 00
3,000 00
23,700 00
6,027 00
432
61
6,000 00
205 43
1,000 00
320 00
2,000 00
4,636 60
22,100 00
..............
H- Doc,
40
3.
C—Continued.
Date of payment.
Descrip'n
of stock.
1853, December 3
|Tex. rod.
1853, February 9. Debt of corporate cities of the District of Columbia
1853, November 1. Debt of corporate cities of the District of
Columbia
Treasury notes paid for in specie
and received for customs
Amount of prin- Irrmiuni.nrrroin-' A^ic^ic.
cipal.
j int» r«*MatmUui h
cntiimi-"'i<"»n* ft* j
wi n* paidpfiorto >
I July 1,1 t^i.
$000 00
$5,000 00
CO, 000 00
60,000 00 .
110,490 00
696,000 00
fcOTi,490 0 0
i
450 00
450 00 I
!16,146,529 75
From which deduct the sum of. - .
being for stock surrendered before 1st July, 1852, and should
not be included in this statement.
$5, GOO 00
81,000 00!
1,849,557 32
16,064,929 75 j
:
17,9%, 0-7 07
eif«f.w> oo
1 7 , 9 1 4 , 4 3 7 07
D.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
March 10, 1S53.
Notice is hereby given that the five per cent, stock created under the
provisions of the act of 3d March, 1813, will, in pursuance of the terms
of its issue, be redeemed at the treasury of the United States oil the
first day of July next, at which date interest thereon will cease.
Holders of that stock desiring to receive the principal, and interest
accrued thereon, previous to the 1st July next, may transmit their certificates, duly assigned to the United States, by mail or otherwise, to this
department, and drafts in their favor for the amount of the principal and
interest up to the date of receipt here will be remitted, payable by
the Assistant Treasurer most convenient to them.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
E.
TREASURY
DEPARTMENT,
July 30, 1853.
Notice is hereby given to the holders of the six per cent, stocks of the
United States of the loan authorized by the act of 2Sth January, 1817,
and redeemable the 31st of December, 1S6T, and of the loan authorized
by the act of 31st March, 1848, and redeemable 30th J u n e , 1808, that
this department is prepared to purchase, at any time between the
date hereof and the 1st day of December next, to the extent of the sum
of five millions of dollars of the said blocks, in the manner and on the
terms hereinafter mentioned; to w i t :
H. Doc. 3.
41
I n case of any contingent competition within the amount stated, preference will be given in the order of time in which t!ie said slocks may
be offeted. T h e certificates, duly assigned to the United States, must
be transmitted to this department; upon the receipt whereof, a price will
be paid com]>ouuded of the following particulars:
L T h e par value or amount specified in each certificate.
2. A premium on said amount of twenty-one per cent.
3. Interest on the par of the certificate from the 1st of J u l y , 1853, to
the date of receipt and settlement at the treasury, with the allowance
(for the money to reach the owner) of one d a y ' s interest in addition.
Payment for said stocks will be made in drafts of the Treasurer of
the United States on the Assistant Treasurer at Boston, New York, or
Philadelphia, as the parties may indicate.
JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
P.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
August 22, 1S53.
Notice is heieby given to the holders of the six per cent, stocks of the
loan authorized by" the act of April 15, 1812, and redeemable 31st
December, 1*02, and also to the holders of the six per cent, stocks of
the loan authorized by the act of J u l y , 1S1G, redeemable 12th November, 18nG. that this department is prepared to purchase, at any lime
between the date hereof and the 1st day of December next, to the extent of two millions of said slock, in the manner and on the terms hereinafter men tinned, to wit:
In case of any contingent competition within the amount stated, preference will be given in order of time in which the said stocks of either
kind may be offered. T h e certificates, duly assigned to the United
Slates, must be transmitted to this department; upon the receipt whereof,
a price will be paid compounded of the following particulars:
1. T h e par value or amount specified in each certificate.
2. A premium of sixteen per cent, on the stocks of 1S-12, redeemable
in 1802, or a premium (as the case may he) of eight and a half per cent,
on the stocks of 1S16, redeemable in lb5G.
3. Interest on the par of the certificate from the 1st of J u l y , 1S53, to
the date of receipt and settlement at the treasury, with the allowance
(for the money to reach the owner) of one day's interest in addition.
Payment for said stocks will be made in drafts of the Treasurer of the
United States on the Assistant Treasurer at Boston, New York, or Philadelphia, as the parties may direct.
^ JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
G.
Statement exhibiting the value of foreign, merchandise and domestic produce^
exported, annually, from 1821 to 1853.
Value of exports, exclusive of specie, &c.
Foreign merchandise.
Years ending
Domestic produce, &c.
Freo of duty.
September 30
18*21
1822
1823
182 4
1 8 25
182(i.
182 7
1828
182 9
1830
1331
1832
1333
183 1
1335
1836
1337
1H3S
im
1810
1341
1S42
$230,693
374,71(i
1,323,702
1,100,530
1,038,785
1,030,430
813,814
877,239
919,913
1,078,095
612,536
1,3-15,217
5,105,907
10,757,033
7,012,600
8,531,61)5
7 , 7 5 0 , 139
4,951,300
5,013,442
6,202,502
3,953,054
3,194,299
Paying duty.
$10,537,731
11,101,300
19,840,873
17,222,075
22,704,803
19,401,504
15, 4 1 7 , 0 3 0
13,107,339
1 1 , 4 2 7 , 101
1 2 , 0 0 7 , II>2
12 434, 133
18,443, 857
12,411,969
10, 3 7 9 , 5 2 0
7,713,(155
9,232,867
9,4<><J, 0 4 3
4,4t;o, : m
5,007,693
f>, 8 0 5 , 80D
4,223,131
4,834,454
Aggregate value
of exports.
Total.
$10,824,429
11,476, 022
21,170,035
18,322,005
23,793,533
20,440,931
10,231,8:10
14,014,578
12, 3 4 7 , 3 1 1
13,115,857
13,077,0(59
11), 7 9 1 , 0 7 4
1 7 , 5 7 7 , H76
2 1 , 6 3 6 , T>53
14,756,321
17,707,762
17,102,232
11, 4 1 7 , IUH)
10,026.140
1 2 , (HW, 3 7 1
8,131,235
8,073,753
$43,671,894
49,871,079
47,155,408
50,019,500
60,809,766
52.449.855
57,878,117
49,976,632
55,037, 31)7
58,521,878
59,218,533
01,720,529
09.950.856
80,023,002
100, 4 .">9,431
106,570,1112
IU.2-0.HI5
1)5,500, HH0
101,625,5:13
111,000,501
103,636,2:UI
91,799,242
$54,490,323
61,350,101
63, 3 2 6 , 0 4 3
G3,972,105
90,603,354
72,890,781)
74,100,947
64,021,210
07.434.051
71,070,7:15
72.295.052
81,520, 003
87,523,732
102,200,215
115,215,802
12I,3:W,701
1 1 1 , 4 4 3 , 127
101,978, 570
112,251,673
123, M 3 , 9 3 2
111,817,471
99,677,995
Specie and bullion.
9 month*, to J u n e 30,1843.
Year, to J u n e 30
1,682,763
77,686,35-1
99,531,774
9 8 , 4 5 5 , IBO
5,139,335
6,214,053
1844.
1815.
2,251,550
2,413,050
2( 312,629
7,5<l,78l
7,865,206
1817..
1,812,817
1,410,307
2,015,815
2 , 0 9 9 , 132
1,742,154
2,538,159
1, 8 9 1 , 0 1 6
7 , t m
8,611,091
9,475,493
10,295,121
12,037,013
13,090,213
!
f
96,237,250
426,333,799
(
1846.
1818..
1849.
1850..
1851.
1852.,
1853..
Total
101,71 *\ 012
6, 106,751
ir>o, 5 7 4 , H H
!
131,710,|W|
131,900,2:13
173.620,133
1 5 1 , 9 3 1 , 117
1^9, 869, UV2
3,057,391,650
8 2 , 8 2 5 , G39
105,7ir»,B:f2
106,040,111
109,53:1,213
156,741,51)3
190,515
1 4 0 , 3 5 1 , 172
I I I , 1175,726
1 6 6 , 9 6 3 190
202,965, 375
1,520,791
5,451,214
8,firtfi,495
3,905,2*13
1,907,021
15,841,610
5,4*'1,613
7,522,991
29,472,752
4 2 , 6 7 1 , 135
27,486,875
3,433,775,419
293,158,070
183,915,259
V, IilGGKR, agister.
TKXAitmr DEPARTMENT,
Regitter's OJice, Dtctmhtr 6 f 1853.
44
H. Doc. 3.
G—Continued.
Statement exhibiting the value of imports annually from 1S21 to 1S-53.
Value of merchandise imported.
Years ending—
Specie and
bullion.
September 30
1H21
1822
1823
1824
1825
1820
1827
1828
3829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
3835
1836
1837
1833
1839
1840
1841
1842
9 months, to June 30,1843
Year, to "June 30 . . . . 1844
1845
1846
1S47
3843
1849
1850
1*351
1852
1853
Total.
Free of duty.
Faying duty.
$52, r,03,411
75,912,^33
0-, 530,979
07,9-5,235
85, TO,565
7-VH!6,7tH
67, 028,90 I
76,130,613
$9,064,890
3,309,846
5,097,896
8,379,835
6,150,765
6,880,966
8,151,130
7,489,741
7,403,612
8,155,964
7,305,945
5,907,504
7,070,36S
17,911,632
13,131,447
13,400,881
10,510,414
17,747,116
5,505,376
8,882,813
4,983,633
4,087,016
22,300,559
5,830,429
4,070,242
3,777,732
24,121,250
6,360,224
6,051,240
4,628,792
5,453,592
5,503,544
4,201,382
$2,017,423
3,92:;, 802
3,950, TO
4,183,93d
4,790,745
5,656,803
3,703,974
4,889,435
4,401,8-9
4,590,281
6,150,630
8,341,919
25,377,5r2
50,481,548
64,809,016
78,655,000
58,733,617
43,112, S?)
70,806,610
48,313,391
61,031, i m
26,510,470
33,134,025
18,936,452
18,077,598
20,990,007
17,651,317
16,356,379
15,726,425
18,081,590
19,652,905
24,187,890
27,182,152
278,678,615
794,531,088 2,932,700,453
62, G-: 7 , 0 2 6
5^,13^, 075
89,731,409
86,779,813
75,070,301
128,152
71,955,249
97,923,551
71,739, IrO
52,857,399
85,690,319
49,945,315
61,926,446
69,531,601
29,179,215
83,0**8,151
95,106,721
96,9^4,05*5
104,773,002
132,2-2,325
125,479,774
155,427,936
191,11*, 315
182,921,848
230,595,113
Total.
$02,5^,724
83, 211.511
77,579,207
HI, 519, 008
96,3 to, 075
84,974, 177
79, 1-4,(68
74,492,527
70,876, W0
103, 191, 124
101,029,2^)
KH,11^,311
126,521,332
149,-95,742
1-51,9-0,0.-15
140,11.-9,217
113,717,49*
162,092,132
107.141,519
127,916, 177
loo, 102,0-7
fi4,753,799
JfH, 435,035
117,251,564
121,091,797
110,515,038
154,99^,928
147,857,439
210,224,932
212,613,2-2
207, 978,047
4,005,910,156
II.
8 TATEMEXT
rXHt&ITf^G
THE
VALUE
OF
MERCHANDISE
iwronrro A^HUAM-T
DURING
rim
TEAKS
ENDING
JUXE
:io,
j=sof I&o. is;>it isr>2, A N D 1553?
AM) M,*')
TJJK
mmi;.* vrnicu Accnrr.n ON THI; SAME IU\rii\<*
THE PAMI; THARS,
Ki;?rEcrivni,T.
46
H.
H. Doc. 3.
Statement
exhibiting the value of merchandise imjyortcd annually during the
tchick accrued on the same during
IMPORTS FREE
mo.
1813.
ARTICLES IMPORTED.
Quantity.
Quantity.
$£1.432 !
f-^i :
3W.W3 i
Animals, for breed
Bullion, gold
silver
Specif, gold
silver
Value.
Total.,
£7?. HI
1M. <•»>•?
X 771.077
'
*
copper
Models of inventions and improvements in the art*
Teas
pounds..
Coffee
do—
Copper, in plates, suited to the sheathing of vessels
foi the use of the mint
ore
Cotton, unmanufactured
pounds..
Adhesive patent felt, for sheathing vessels
Paintings and statuary of American artista....
Specimens of natural history
Sheathing metal
Platina, unmanufactured
Gypsum, or plaster, unbound
Wearing apparel and other effects of irnrnfcninfa.
Personal and household effects of citizens dying
abroad
Old junk
Oakum
Garden seed?, tree*, shrubs, plant?,
Articles, the produce of the U. State*, brought back
Guano
ton?..
Articles specially imported for philosophical societies, college*, schools, &c
Philosophical apparatus,'instruments, &c
Books, maps, and charts
Statues, statuary, busts, casta of marble, &
Paintings,drawings, etching?,and engravings.,..
Cabinets of coins, medals, 8t,c
Other at tides
23, .197,7 M C.217.U1 Ifi, 319.7^
150,539,133
l (->;,. :ai,70(i
1;>j.:b>> i
'
CT.tsa i
y.i m'
sr>.uti 1
10.77? j
61.l?t
6-1 111
Sfi.^19
Value.
KYT,
"3.01-J
4.071.7*9
0,0 >.avj
1,01-t.T.VS
177. 77*i
11.215 ,
147.
lo.s-5
7I..V77
120.679
lf..no;»
.v;£T7
Kur,
1.U1J
P.I.VI
187.117
ao^Ka
lW.tfl
15.77*2
14,161
f.2\
&
f GGQ |
£1,716,003 1
.Til
.77.KV2
H. Doc. 3.
47
years ending Junt 0 0 , 1 8 4 8 , 1 8 4 9 , 1 8 5 0 , 1 8 5 1 , 1 S 5 2 , and 1 8 5 3 ; and also (he duties
the same years,
risjxetivdy.
OF IiUTV.
km.
Quantity.
1W2.
1651.
Valtjf.
Quantity.
VaJuc.
Quantity.
1603.
Quantity.
Value.
£7. ».727
i
l»fi.4K.
:<if.
l.
a. nr.. 7:0
i A
2 t T.VJ,
31:635
HlS<H
3,OI:I.
UK^.tr.i
wisi
rJ
14.449
T
7ir..f.M
miu
4^.471
Kii^'-V'*7
i^.rct.'
7.7y> iiafi^i^i
f..
11.2-1
2:1.
103
4*4. •
ia.:»-21
40:447
37.73*1
67<J,355
42,450
14.293
W.714
ly.iKi
bf^Vj |
Wj307
GOi.Ktf
151,157
3,793
10-. MR
-t^.f^t :
1*. U73
11.740
4,4'M
1.1. O P
3,'hftl I
1
4.000 I
.! 01,710.3=2 \
37.W7
2o.rai
src.fi ifi
yT.^ei
1U6.430
4,KIT
7.0.Y,
fiC783
l.WI
14.373
1.740
70.703
! S5 s 10C,to7
e,iKi;2i7
1.155.414
'6G6
' 731.010
lo.nv,
ll.4.*»2
mounts
1,530
50,054
.i64o
143,7%
2il."497
147.
^93
2.7-21
7. Oil
SO.4.™
1 111
ca.fcll
£),693,931
121,096
38.034
31f>.793
96.563
9.1:8
11,071
3,435
17.260
71,(138
31,363,534
H. Doc. 3.
48
IIVALUE o r LMPORTS, AXD DUTIES TIlWtEO.V,
1843.
SPECIES o r
16©.
xerchandihe.
Value.
Woolens—
Cloths and cassimeres....
Merino shawls, of wool
Blankets
Hosiery and.articles made oh frames
Worsted stuff good.?
Woolen and worsted jam
Woolen and articles tamborcd or embroidered
Manufactures of, not specified
Flannels....
Baizes
.
Carpeting, Wilton, Saxony, Aubu^son
Brussels, Turkey, and treble-ingrained
Venetian and other ingrained....
not specified
CottonsPrinted, stained, or colored..
White, or uncolor^d..
Tambored or embroidered..
Velvets, wholly of cotton
wholly of cotton and silk
Cords, gimps, and galloons
Hosiery and articles made on frames
Twist yarn and thread
Hatters' pln.<h, of silk and couon
Manufactures of, not specified
SilksPiece goods
.....
Hosiery and articles made on frames
Sewing sjlk
Articles tamborcd or embroidered
Hats and bonnets.
Manufactures of, not specified
..
FIox
Kaw
Bolting cloths..
..............
Silk and worsted goods.
Camlets, of goats' hair or mohair.
FlaxManufactures of, linens, bleached and unbleached
*
Hosiery and articles made on frames
!!
Articles tambored or embroidered
Articles not specified
Hcmpens—
Sheeting, brown and white
Ticklenburgs, osnaburgs, and burlaps.
Articles Jiot specified
Sail duck, Ru.^ia
""**
Holland
;;;;;;
ravens
**
Cotton-batrging
Clothing, ready-made
articles of wear
Lace, thread, and inserting
"
C
°4ccB i n s m i n 5 s > trimming?, laces,"braids,
Floor-Cloth, patent,"painted," itc
Oilcloth, of all kinds.
!! !
Hair-cloth and hair seating
'
Lasting and mohair cloth, for shoes and buttons'.
Gunny cloth
#
Matting,Chinese and other,of fi'c-s'&c!!*.'.'..
Hats, caps and bonnets, flat*, braid*, plaita,
Of Leghorn, straw, chip, or grass, & c . . . . .
Of nalm^Ieaf, ratan, willow, &c..
Of hair, whalebone.
.
Iron.&c.—
'
Muskets and rifles
Fire-arms,
not specified
Side-aims..,..^
*
Drawing and cutti^ k n i v e s . " I I "
Hatchet*, axes, and adzes
Socket-chisels.......
Steelyards and scale-beams'*
VlCCS...
""
—
Duty.
Valaf.
$0,364,145 $1,900,213 50
i.aw.ijo,
"w'jrwTo;
sap.317 40
73L009!
2t9,3>J 7t)j
3. 858.4 If;
o & u w m143,407
35,1*51 75:
18.8.VV
771.2.V2
5,f»7> &>'
231..'n:. co
110,270-!
29. W 50
33,0ci2 U)
485.190
22.217 2.V
145.557 00
i t , m £0
2,&13 10
§1.4^.7^7 10
rtvsoia K>
23 J. 2-5 »f t
ii^rjv
4,070. I.W I,U17.516 25
75
MGI.42*
13.910;
637.5771
5J.333
51,5!^!
1^067,
Wwm
727.4 >2
5.U15
43ajes7
10.765.801
4-27,703
561,027
59.tv.fi
l, 640.313
u.-m
340.769
65I65&
64,704
G21.SH 00s
U S 672 H)
37^05 H>
4U
52,5cj7 ft)
276^774 SO
isk^V. so
1,003 (fci
109,721 75
2.690.700 2;
128*310 90
iev*)i 10
307.670 JO
17,9*4? tni
410,0*5 7 a
3,551 Of)
51.112 X.
16,414
614,163 00
13,676 00
6,013*197 1.202,433 40
.wo 40
i ,m
21.018
6,305 40
6e9,435
117,837 W
195.157
109.127
44; 750
126,603
27.525
99,2831
553.
eiiwrw
55.3SH 40
5,505 00
29,78-1 m
166.181,70
52,771 go
179, m
.2,205
7,691
37.010
7,166
17.417
5.4J0 10
101.OT 40
w
2.571,733 50
a ' a c r ^ 73
210.
30
1SLM4 «>
2.^15 ao
185,^54;
1,315.7 Ki era 156 fio
77D.5>!
' I To!
&107S53|
vjjmh
:M oc
140.517 «V
ifV..;^ oo
3l3.5T,i 80
1,045,210
U:44BCO
4,a*»3,^7lt 1,013.467 75
4;574 25
avj.2:^.
70
00
3J.IW?;
613.072 35
fc.754 00
35,016,
551. H10:
5>15fi.fi34; 1.03L3PI Hf
1,4W:
30.6^1
718,147
9.D09 20
30.031 4Q
eo
si. 40
4.173 00
251.273 10
13.0 s I 25
1 ^ 7 3 Ui
00
12,490.501|
495:570'
IKK 023,
23.01
175. oso*
Duly.
119.217;
101,
74,101
5, .V»6
46.116
12L.1>|
CTjSSJ
&00. %n
176,375
445 50
0,205 ^
143,629 40
10.470 63
40
20,210 00
H.ftiO 20
1.11.1 20
P.^33 25
24.273 GO
26.1M
l.VUOi 10
a-»}275 ao
WXffi
m<irt
00
30
lo
50
00
00
663,991
2
34.2^6
145, m
103,677
140,472
92,100
£KH,876S0
32,610 30
1,150,964
18,377
34%
.
20
205
231,005
4,083
6 421
3; 148
8.WJ5
18,f>ttl
61 50
69,571 50
1.S24 60
26;160 75
™
5 2
m
00,680 70
1,693 50
6,402 »0
1,212 90
3,648 SO
4,080 60
11,294 50
10,285 80
nr.. 323 00
5;1P3 85
2P .094 40
523 ,025 00
5,633 10
2I.V26 30
044 40
2.668 50
^604 30
r, 306 8<H
H. Doc. a:
49
Continued.
DURING THE YEARS ENDING Jtf.VE 30—
1651.
Value,
Duty.
Value.
1653.
1651
Duty.
Value.
Dttty.
Value*
Duty.
od ,109,742"! 072. P22 60 $11,071,906^3^1.571 60
66,i»M9trei,
ao 715,^11 314*744 33 I,402,5£2 4201774 60
1.0(*<5a5
WfcM 40 1*506,
3U1.333
4
69
... — 209:272
— - 30 1,455,659
-—
391,131 eo
1,944.333 2<^hC7 00 1 1*211.019 *i3,314 70j .,046.3Til
358:399 10 1,047.686 314,305 60
m.im
71K 11.V 315.440 AO
I74 1,625.752 SO1 6,23^057 1,574,014 35 9,796,^87
3,449,056
75
6,004, Ola 1,351.003 50 X419.
55,064 75 330,696 70,224 00
170,63^ 42,050 75 316,87$ 54,210 OO
10.0*$ fv
2.3G3 10 38,025 8,407 SO
9.399
3*7*9
&64.157 to 1,236,51 36*,555 10
176;123 10
329,072 10
W.aki 32.14* 9V
.
ill.£43
00 106,1 36,595 25
32,
6
22
35
t?7,
4
»2
101,3$
37:762
75
118,
3
03
37.
6
50
0
(
1
110.600
39.AS0 75
111,
0
51
A3,
15,927 00 157,625 «7;237 AG 57,420 17,326 00 92,571 37,771 30
172,110 90 677. Af3 S03.W4 70 A02.189 150.650 70 752,487 225,746 10
a** w: 3C*
AG 75.573 122.671 90 142,€17 42,645 10
Sl,31« 0(1 72,952 2J}fc*5
95,7*5 38,735 50 329,404 68,821 90
13,640,391 3,410.072 75 14.449.4*1 3.613.3&S 35 11,553.306 3.S8d.326 AO14,633*368 3,655,617 00
443.325 AO 1.433. OH 374,761 00 3,477,4^6 619.371 AO 3,716; 846 679,711 50
1,367,2*1 JNM K> IK) 1*928.
522 578, A56 m l,754.t«03 526,440 60 3,116,013 934,603 90
17B,<5»
oo
681 30 305,589 61,117,80
OQ
153.405 •30,
19,464
4,768 20 1B,9S9 3,797 60
3**92 «» r.i.aS
3.617 m a^m
1 20 . 98,651 39,655 30
l.*W7 to
»;o75 00
435,468 OO 3,002,631 603,526 30
30.252
311*634 00 a.H7.ftw
52,340 331,
960 00 1,095,518 373,670 AO
245.200 75, 3,1687,
199.7f© 00
6
40
34,366 30 56,054 11,310 60
9. an
5©. 432 ti:m 4o
131*631 141,
134 75 5,695,554 673,6*8 AO
«ej45M 914,605 AO
308, 655 00
14,450,560 3,614,00 33. ITS. 379 5> 544, SUM 16,833,535 4,205.6^ 00 2i,470,911 5,617,727 75
673 179,901 00 1,121,680 3J7,404 00
616,317 1*4,S65 10
749 Crf 589,
73.7TO .^2.179 70 23S,525 71,557 AO
4«»,4*»7 146,916 10 3rre,4.vi 3T>,
I13,«3S 50 1.91^1.
573 571.371 90 1,318,009 395,120 70
1,131.46* 939,438 00 1,053 410,
t
K
I
1
18
2«:933 50 111 871 33.561 30
A3,
1A.956 10, 77.276 33,172 HI
50
1,382,649 50
872,3W 91*095 00
940,174 75 1,«14,4T,2 47^615
4,477 75
2,709 75
17.
0
11
3,7TB 00
8,351
2,062 7:>
125 40 712,092 106,813 80
57.943 15 448,138 C7.229 70 3K0.S3S £4,
10,058 00
17,331
4.502 75 SHMl
7;135 25 47.avi 11.763 00 40,232 470,
229 AO
1,680,918
l*653,Ntt 413.4ra 95 1,783.076 44 >,769 «)
9,807 3,451 75
610 00
3,040
1,3G7
3,375 33
9.501
eo
7,063,m 1,412,6*1
1.059 ao
3,531 10.
K
W
9ft
36,
1
21
4
1,031,63* 206.307 60
13,670
9,734 00
13,472 eo
187,131 37;
434 SO
34.312
40
1,
0
00
97 339 A.417
67
W>
U51
10.
9
81
7e.'swa S3. CUT 00
90
320.2*0 40
00
16ft, U« 75
3.367 70
9ft, 0% 10><JS 40
40*051 25
4.3r» 40
t«i,40Ai G&sot
oo
3i;«36 00
127, au 349,»4£ h*
96,69
7,995 00
37,524
106,4£1 10
•i,Mi
lo eoS 3,942 40
3,477
743 1*
9,on
9,974 30
1,075
20
fiMeS
8,756 40
4
1,549.734 H
H 7,603,603 i ,530,730 60 8,897,317 1,779,463 40
3,192
957 60
' *A46 - 1,663 eo
A
an
leC04i HI 52.227 15.65S 10 P4,779 35.433 70
196,733 «0 654,333 170,8G6 60 1,350,749 950,149 60
3,963
792 60
373 GC 6.944 1,388 80
l,«e
1.5W3 4<J
7,279 1,455 S) 80,015 16,003 00
7,967
961785 <S
355,720 51,144 00 314,371 62,874 30
4,902 30
7,917 3(i
17.631 3*A24 40 .94,1,5211
68
'5O0 60
353 60
2.5G3
1,002 od
GO 40,94-5 8,lfcS 40
30,3.1a
6,051 OCI £3.193 10,438 40
45,347
JfkdlO W
m
50,207 70
lMjTOrf 34,110 m 115*070 34.A21 00 3,109
776 G32.932 80
45.294 ifeCI.^ 2fi 1*25*742 376:122 60
333,115 4<€i3 OC '160,3a5 33,077 00 332,170 50.434 00
310,439 35
$35,056 133,764 ftO
7S6.651
7 Ad 3,268 90
4* ^7 Ot^ 9.P73 3,991 90 42,373
16.1«1
12,711 90
43*406 I^TSS 4fl 2li 463 6,438 60 380,
70,080 75
ft&Utt £1,388 50 370 565 67,646 25
4*764 50
A.6A4 GO 64,333 3,216 90
113,0*2
113,764 00 607,591 121,518 30
45X904 w,7eo m
308,756 52,169 00
51,433
iffym
40,710 35
928 483,278 40
1,451*3?5 435.3^5 50 1,638,967 488,690 10 1,610,
6,775 3,033 AO 38,230 6,466 00
»1
90 30
194 4i
36.535 20 121,SOtf 36,540 50
17,418 i* 121,984 120,55!
79 374,54A 113,363 60
401,849
461754 tXL m W
1,607
7,424 2,227 20
4*2 10
1,823*
m m
60 1^398 3,689 40
10,486
3,146 4ft 32,75* ,6,526
035 40
1,950
3,116
A
85 OO
1,066 50
7,475 10 19,016} £,795*0
2,111 Id 94,917 3,350
7*037
40
9,330 2,769 00
7
307
xm iq
14,460 00 £0,33@ 15,191 40
33,944 is^mM
3*3f,l
00,13:
H. Doc. 3.
50
II—
VALUE OF IMPORTS, AND DUTIES THEREON,
1649.
1843.
Species of merchandise.
Value.
tickles and reaping-hooks
Scythes
Wood-screws
Spades and shovels
Squares (masons' and carpenters')
Needles, sewing, darning, and other...
Cast-iron buu-hinges
Cutlery, not specified
Manufactures of, not specified
Sad-irons, tailors* and hatters' irons. .
Bonnet-wire
Wire, iron and steel, N ^ A, No. 14.
above No. 14
Tacks, brads, and sprigs, Ns^ A, 16 oz. per M.
above 16oz.per M
Nails
Spikes
Cham-cables.
Mill, cross-cut, and pit saws....
Anchors and parti thereof.
Anvils and parts thereof.
Smiths' hammers and tledges
Castings, vessels of
all other
Hound or square, as braziers' rods
Nail or spike rods
Band or scroll, as casement rods
Hoop-iron
Sheet-iron
Pig-iron
Old and scrap
Bar, manufactured by rolling
otherwise..
Steel, cast, shear, and German
all other.
,
CopperIn pigs, bars, and old
Wire-
Braziers'
Copper bottoms for stills, &.c
Manufactures of, not specified
Rods and bolts
Nails and spikes
Brass—
In pigs, bars, and old
Wire....
Screws
Sheet and rolled
Manufactures of, not bpecified
TinIn pigs and bars
Plates and sheets
Foil...
manufactures of, not specified
Lead— *
Pig, bar, sheet and old
Shot
Pipe*
Manufactures of, not specified
Pewter, old, only fit for remanufacture
manufactures of, not specified.
Gold and silver—Manufactures of, viz:
Lace, galloons, tresses, tassels, &c
Epaulets and wings
Gold and silver leaf
Jewelry, real, and imitations of.
, . 1.1
Gems, diamonds, pearls, kc., get
„
otherwise...^
Manufactures of, not fpccified
Glaziers'diamonds
cioeks
Chronometers
11,!!! !!!!!!!!*
Watches, and pajts o f . . ! ! M 1 ! ! ! ! ! ! H ! "
Metallic pens
11!!!!!!"*** *"
Square wire for umbrella gireVcher?".*."" *
Pins, in packs and otherwise.
Buttons, metal.,.,
£-3,4*1
Value.
Duty.
$74! 30
oo;
Duty,
AI.PW
51
$572 70
4.467 f/r
151 50
K«ft 40
767 10
3.
eJeisf '••"ilwdio!
2.55
4.3*1
1.314 ax 167.1X1
43,766 0>; IK01'2
5.
oo
6,
r
c*)
oq
nr..u£j 40
1,146,143; 344.052 00:
(-73
t^l.061 yo
1,077,378 40, 2.946,1.4710
' i:429;
'42*70;
6.443
Nil 40
£>.047
7.514 10 3-1,411
lo.:«i 20
3tfUi06> li;40I m
.V-5 30
i.wi
6.079;
1>23 70t
1? W
61
'1*24
37 20!
fi 40
CO. 4*** 20
36,517 00
hsw
'444
m 20
TO
fc72 20! 577.2^'
369.574 110.
40
2,404 Hb
e:oif» 12,
10
731 70j CMf/J
42:449|
22.275
(*.
»
74,
2
50
35.
2
*1
117,
1.0X1 20
3,411
i:.v« 40v
5,2^1
4.761 V0
4,699 50 15,
16,79?
5,6-1 10
5,039 401 lr.PX
13.200
7.:*> f<o
H)
24,563
4:7^
3.334 20
1:420 Of* 11.114
16,720
5.741 10
5.016 od 19.137
104,613 31,392 99 14^l2f. 44.437 H»
om
625.312) 167,593 m ;c>5, ix
fcl5:415211,624
1,40.5.613
140:037! 42.011 10 144.4 ' 43.327 20
3,679:59^1 1,103.K79 4fj e.ofAr^ l.HKOJO 40
'975.214 s&tti 20 515.770 '157,731 00
1.061.560 15P.234 00 1,011
152.215 95
'223,377 44.675 40 212.365 42,473 00
702,907
08f*,6»3 49.431 IS
1,236
tt57 10
£5?
35
14.229;
2.35*
40
1
1
.
7
<
>
2
137,993
919,369 65,fl0 "
310 60
1,5.17ft
53
114 00
24,191
375 20
7,504
10.801
1.461 60
4; era
'e-10
223
2.431 50
8,105
163,£64
4 6 , 0 0
438,520 31.926
2P.7P* 10
575,
7
62
1,5C6;754 S3?;0I3 10 2,292.4^ 34-3.
H64 20
13.010
1,951 50 11,2J*
1>1 20
25,166
7,519 80 23,0-12
6,912 60
6,28ft
1,257 60 feo,»T7 17,073 40
50
10 00
' 7 20
36
m
256 20
256 20
6
5
1
227
11 35
122 65
1
m
450 90
1,503
10,300 20 40,290 12,0^7 00
3,739
I,1-31 70
169 eo
566
1,183
7 45
39 45
263
162,506 4&7,177&
80
&4.
400 50
7,2^
2.
1
S4
90
972
а, 312
123.065 12:.?06 50 106,014 10,601 60
40]
61:326 18:397 H' 29:043
6.713 r
'206
30
9
<
2,
3
74
356
57, m 17,246 Ai 51,543 15,442 l
16; 505 1.650 51
13,046
1,304
1.733,221 173.
22 II 1,676,
606 167,660
61.566 18,4369
81
74,050 SB,21S
4<
26,10$
7.KJ2 4<
30,363 II,318
9,108 91
б,184
Si 455
42; 46a 10,617 <*
35,239
si*:.™
2U 000'
Doc. 3.
51
Continued.
DURING THE YEARS FADING Jtf.VE 3 0 -
1650.
1W1.
Duty.
Duty.
Valoc.
$321 at
4s
1653.
IS52.
Value.
Value.
Duty.
Duty.
$510 90
r>,c.n
$727 :/) $1,271,
33
&W
. I IX> 25. 932
is>:
7.779 60
597 30
l.OeS 40
i.sai!
0,436 CKI
fcjttM:litJOS 40
5.447! 1.034 10
it"
Ml 50
1.696!
'ra:
2. >71
'r; c, i«
2.1 av
508 SO
26* 20 aWlOGll 4S.012 20
43.592 «» 2or>.3ii! 41.
21.077, Ct.:uu lo
11.752 50
itw*.
7.07:,
K
»
It-'i. 451 40 1.553.732
514; KH) 30 2.035:038' 610.511 40
465. f-19 60
l.U2t%i5i ooi 4,<*?4.
1.30$: <80 bO
497; 1,225.349 I0| 3.631.650 l.OKl^lC. oo
1. 9X>,
I
'Wi4 60
'
2.
W
2
5^0 50
741
4.364;
6. 4i>2 1.917 60
1.114 9f»j
1.217 1»
1,309 20
4.057;
3MC.l
e** :jo 108.'77 b' 33.633 40
21.777
469 00]
$7:669 17.300 70
5!% 134j 17,440 20
1,633 20
11.455 5oj
4.G07 40;
Al.TfO,
u.vu
'227 10
35. K»| 125.73% 37.731 40
625 K>
20,
W.9J3 30 2^.539 86.V466
.?* 70
2. 3-2 m\ H..V22
4,356 00
13.90* 10 23.3t7|
6,704 10
23.
J61 40
- . 016 G
JO
O. 53* IK
1.735 90
1, H<0 00 G
5,753
36.010 50
'509 40
70,055 10
5, WW eo
8:211
00
22.943 40
1
2.315
23. M9
16.462
3.017
9.554
53.0?I
197:717
40
20
m
40
10
40
4<«
2-5,19* 00
4*. 594 r*r>]
2.219,149 W
233,420 m
166.033 65
45,072 4CN
58,370
f>. 146
15. H44
21.172!
14.946;
21.4421
243.
:i6>7*.
21 f-oI
KP-r. 20,
i>49 frt
9fj,oea 10 173.
177.952;
116 00
'792
fS7 20
7,
M*
703 00
5 10 ,
4P.297 60j
165,721
32.730 50!
36^.663 M
2,(^2 M
37P.U7
3,517.171
21.657
a, (tea <k»!
236.519 40
FT3 60
93 Oftj
107 70
ir»r, KJ'
930 10
r/>|
1.27S 60
'109 50
105, em 10
94S M\
fi.699
15. .Vvl
W 40
15,014 40
1.875 40
163.393 10
26,(t85 00
6,574 80
ft, 327 40
00
1>43 H)
4.753 20
21,102
111
422.
3. m
09.972)
56.783
94.237
11,^7
5,351
44.774
6i:i5l
265.265
L122:305
1:52^: 031
'145:059
3f>.6*7 60
2,570.495 10 15.403.7T6;
'637.'675
70
199. 162 .V» 2.343.b7tS
75,169 W) '636,4;C>
1,499.467 74,973 3.>
' 2V
8 10
' 7 20
393 40
21 OO
49,716 30
wv» as
533.075 65
3.2i^ .V.
7,2.'A) GO
' yo 00
4.736
129^056
30
12,129
10 50i
151..VSI
45,476 70
224.212
14.905 90
435.420 30
4,701?.^
1,283.331
7f<7
1.192
941
ft. 057 70j
1.391 10
'2^4 40
17.217
7.533
3,319
9,997 SO
26.IIP W
241 f>
20.030
1.953 m
218 40)
14,220
2G7,S3b
29^.1 If
3i:74^
23.79?s
33
101 65
1,753 20
126. m (Kt
l.f^ Of*
947 20
33,716 fcO
106 20
4.36**
' 35
2.657)
7i:67o;
83.719;
1.2W!
1^,536
12* 7 J1
sm.m so 2.754. m i
' &5K
. KK 2.>.740 00
60.3S*
I5.36n(
4.255
4.60S 90
24.745}
18,411
7,423 m
$,404 00 &ym
1,611
50
10
90
30
90
i:o:o
32:190|
450:tCC>!
69:460 20
23K 755 70,
280.7*7 10,
7n;i77 20{
1,517,60:4 303.520
5,971
i:i94 W
2.033
5,e44
26.ft.VJ
4.047
i:w
3.008
13,929
5.496
J 3.4,'tt
7,251 60
4.4S3 W»j
7.333 CO
SI 5.063
236.257
7*7.521
33,fW 701
112.029,
2.197.2^4 90]
'270.007 K»
1,266, 12.*! 389.919 35
GO,7b6 Wi
303,934j
7 6 . 2 0
1,531,7o;j
2 20,
2.917 Oo
52.143
35.590 40
'15» 40
7.334.2*3
'900. ihpj
i:co9 10
138.116;
63.frrt
4:763 20
7,139 40
256.666 20
'157 40
724.23,'i
23,576
44,3b5
1,618, OS*
1*20
166 90
59 60
232 30
5.174 10
2.259 90
'5<>3 35
96,277 50
797 10
7.167 00
24. PI 5 70
1H6 45
19.086 90
1.271 10
275.466 HO
If?, 116 40
1.276 50
5.523 30
20,747 ll>
1,579
5.494
2; 309
20,643
12.835
3,746
54-3.675,002
133.9.X»
' 75^.
82.093
22.100
3,214,364
108.5-2
8:380
123,552
2,^44 00
80:351 40
H. Doc. 3.
52
H
VALUE OF DIFOETS, AND DUTIES THEREON?
1649.
1648.
Species of merchandise.
Value.
Buttons, all other buttons and button-moulds,
Glass—
Silvered, and in frames
Paiutinge on glass, porcelain and colored.
Polished plate
Manufactures of, not specified
Cut
Plain
Watch crystals
Glasses or pebbles for spectacles
Apothecaries' vials, n X a, 16 oz
Perfumery and fancy vials, n ><a, 16 oz..
Bottles, n a, two quarts.%
Demijohns
Window,
10 inches
10 M 12 inches
above 10 x
inches
PaperAntiquarian, imperial, euperroyal, &c...,
Medium, cap, demy, and other writing..,
Folio and quarto post
Bank and bank-note paper.
Binders', box, pressing, and pasteboards . . . .
Copperplate, printing, and drawing
Sheathing paper
Playing-cards
Papier-mache, articles and wares o f . . .
Paper-hangings
Paper boxes and fancy boxes
Manufactures of, not specified
BooksBlank, bound or unbound.
Printed in H e b r e w . . . . . . . . . . .
Printed in Greek and Latin
Printed in English,
Printed in other languages
Periodicals and illustrated newspapers......
Periodicals, &.C., in the course of publication
LeatherTanned, bend, and sole
Tanned and dressed upper leather
Skins, tanned and dressed
Skins, tanned and not dressed
Skivers
Boots and bootees, for men and women
Shoes and pumps, for men and women
Boots, bootees, and shoes, for children
Gloves, for men, women, and children
Manufactures of, not specified
WaresChina, porcelain, earthen, and stone
Plated or gilt..
Japanned
Britannia
Wedgewood
Silver-plated metal
Silvered or plated ware
Saddlery, common, tinned, or japanned
plated, brass, or polished eteel
JJurs—
Undressed on the skin
Hatters', dressed or undressed,not on the skin
Dressed on the skin
Hats, caps, muffs, tippets, & c . . . . . . . .
Manufactures of, not specified........
Wood, manufactures of, viz:
, Cabinet and household furniture
Cedar, mahogany, rose, satin, 8tc
Manufactures of; not specified
Unmanufactured, viz :
Cedar, granadifta, mahogany, rose, and satin
Firewood, and other
Dye-wood in stick
Bark erf* the cork-tree> corks
;
other manufactures of.
.
unmanufactured
Marble majiufactare» of
,,,
£343,425
m i no
22.370
212.267
95.507
701557
37,808
9.674
4^363
2.415
' 16*
52.07:
14M
55.130
7L40G
31,491
4.075
57:857
82:339
33.704
579
0,393
77
1,825
22,129
72,7M
65.620
45,051
2.336
'914
315,102
144.0f>6,0s?6
VaJue.
Duty.
§^5.656 25
107.739
6.711
63.6M)
2".652
2s.222
11.312
2.962
1,3(*«
721
50
15.622
4.4t2
11.626
00
00
10
10
80
40
20
90
50 !
10
5tf
60,
00
4,2lJ6i
44lj
10,111 20
70
90
40
50
70
80
00
30
18.225 20
11.190 W
1.P93 80
1.270 80
132 30
IKfiaVio
or,1 :i<
w
20
2T
2.371
9,513 00
15,305 W
IP. 509 Of
15,593 20
467 2oj
91 401
4 -0
31,510 20
14.406 80
1.160 00
f-oj
603 60
378 80
Fl.fiWl .m
4,813 40
4(1
15.633 00
19. .t«7 20
10,157 40
31 20
1,849 50
60
1,492 50
173
1.917
' 15
517
C.633
14.556
25.6*6
13,515
£91,484 25
45.161 10
4.316 40
22,
n.a->7 m
24,701 40
1.098 20
5,201 00
59,121 00
919 20
25,281 60
6,375 90
1,812 30
94 8 00
2,332,996
192.034
37.313
C.Glft
6,29d 20
5.491
26:005
295,605
4,596
84,272
21,253
6,0*11
2*2. ion
88.2311
45.563
14.20{
1,694
3,160
794.076
149,993
150.537
14.4M,
Duty.
1,943
' 25 20,
,V5 00
,VU'*7 00
21,0W 20(
93 6ft
I 6o|
S3S.222 80
44^997 90
609.898 SO
57.880 20
18,56.1 50
3,443 70
75 60,
513 60
178 50
26,542 40
53,420 10
2,261.331!
159.61ft
678.399 30
47.8*5 70
17,2721
5,181 60
5,4«
67.741,
117,72$
1.632 00
13.549 80
35^317 80
50
20
20
9Q
30
249,156
256.65ft
84,976}
24.915 60
51:331 20
ft, 497 60
1.152 60t
40.827
23,927
115,103
12,248 10
9,570 80
34,530 90
52,195)
32.694
105,85d
15.658 50
13,077 60
49,755 00
370,656
74,131
50,530
21,407
30,549
324,620
227,71W
549.1491
i20,4i:i
61,921
68,314
27.457
36,123
3
5,185
61,ess
li;479
252
1,712
595
132,712
178,067
221,245
222,712
99, m
12,3**
9,951
168:434
m . 145
101,832
""'1*3*926
22,124
22.271
19,997
3,714
2,965
20
20
25
60
•»r«lMt.i . . .
2,083 9C
l&afiK
6,8I2|
11]
14.573i
33,M
18,6-0 70
2,052 r
00
80
45
9t>
30
95
H. Doc. 3.
53
Continued.
DURING THE YEAItS ENWKG JT7XE
1831.
1650.
Vftltic.
$421,511-
IJOTJ*.
Value.
554^973
f 106,129 50
321.™
'7*2
TO. 017 OfJ
1.413 10!
7*. 959 10
70
17.447 fJ
19f.H50(
55.14H;
4,;r77 oo
33. KV5
26.
Kf
2. If 9 10'
9i4
f
.K>
23.975 10;1
90
0.
.'tO
2.K23 JO!
19.91" 2f»|
17, H5 40j
153 On
46.3*5 50|
11.193 00
"6A3 CO:
2*1 10i
501 GO
10,01fi
54.9-3
76. K20
39.7 W
110,139
7.675
' 74
2.027
341,755
115.4*6
4,32?
2.K51
2 44
21.
era. am
47.2iS3
46. 500
16.3-24
1UH
15.9*1
7K*. 067
0,601.303
239.73ft
4H.4*0
32,305
7a
sn.wi
90.751
155,281
14*. 377
£07,506
44,305
5,694
e,393
IM.199
46:275
273,507
£45.537
1*2.
478,na
173,041
602
0,419
104
3, no t Mt'
16.491 *w!
15.364 00
11,931 f,0
33,041 70
1.535 00
' 7 40
203 70
34.175 50
11.51* CO
'432
1.123;
I.06S
l<xi.55o:
2-.7S*
123.015'
no'
255.170'
44,4<
47V
357
17.400
t-7.973
Value.
Daiy.
$137,243 25
yd. 5-77 00
237 60
G7.799 70
59.055 oo
22.059
20.907
10.156
2.420
20
30
50
40
31 n fAl
30.106 H>j
K070 301
5.749 OO;
&C705
24,003 00
33 ool
76,551
13,316
214
143
107
00;
10
5fl!
70'
10
5,221 W;
12.502!
J
51
24.7*25 K>
7,931 40
45,430 20
3,512 40
50
3wl..V*>T
93.46-<;
15,4:^
9.3i6 t-0
1,543 <Ki
123.023;
26.'43*
151,434
1853.
1652.
231 NV
Duty.
Value.
$ 455,500 $113, «X> 00
309.711
G~7
263,026i
£7.449
K:trt!
ii-„244j
5,257
92. Kl
19.991
137. j-U i
2:12, 7ac
i.h>
£55.047
15
129
279
273
10,78?
62.
1J.X 164
34.1M2
tl.36'
12,79:
00
1.906!
429. OTK),
ua.'cn,
02.913 39
'200 10
78.307
5K.334 70
29.35* oo i
55. «*>
8.473 20|
1,577 lOj
299 40;
6 90
27.650 20
5.997 30
K 5*5 00
27.578
40.557 20
560
76.514
* 47
38
40
10
JO
70
M 70
a
go
a 2 3 $ 40
I?, 746 40
22.632 SO
10.212 60
24.410 10
2,559 40;
6 OO:.
V.>0 OOj
42.903 f»0
10.937 90
2,071 40
£6.714j
fASj
lai 60
5 20
572 20
£6j
4.K1 00
6.532 00
7.0 4* m
11.716 40! 33.660! 57.3*2 20
4:-XV, on
5*. 5 "I
13^.410 20
172.04(1 20, 1.022.4iy,:
6.^21
4.970 00
34. f/J3i
2 1. rXi
ft.4.Y» M
2.254 20,
7,
5
141
12.
5
72
70!
13.90* 00
^.055 90j 35.0^7; 10,526 10,
4 >97 20' 41. Wf9
5, In'1 10 25*319; 7,595 70)
4.554 10;
86 10
't*7|
2.421? 10!
4.794 30. 17.277;
236.420 10 1.314.7W 394,411 WJl i.no.«,i9ol 3T>2.547 00
01,554 90
77,619 m ' 274,'67^' t2,493 40j
781,417 90 3,340,622 1.002. IK* oo'
1.033.2-25 50
93,478 50!
7l,»20 K>' '329.340'
9^772 w;
17.649 60,
50,
15.130 20!
h : 5 m oo;
16. Mil 4.93H 00
7.W, .v»|
9.691 50 25.555!
134 70 .
1.795 K»j
' 21 U)
49? 00J
1.063.
2,076 JVj!
7.007 :*>
6,^23
19.4'i5! 5.KJ0 50
MJUM 15.1.-1 •>(»
2.077 m
irariiOj 2 O f t
23.24^ 00:
I <(.150 20 nr..2t3
61,956 OOj
02,
40
46. .>4 30
'
<22, 40
10j
14.KT7 :o 22^674
0 ^ 7 1 2 7.V1
73.5'.^ 00.
Hi. 7 50 60 05;. 127,
13.506 f^
fv%035j 17.0:,17 00
67.533;
30.
3.797 40j 10.073, 3,021 «)
12.65*
1.70* 20
3.645 W] 17,115| 5,131 50
3,517 90j
10,359 70
3^.915
9.036 00
11.974 50
IK 510 Oft; Oft: 4 64! 24.1 fr>
W.0U7
aX07f Ki
62,052 lOj 312,510
10I?i?29 90
9,i.75 l hi)
4TC>.5f>3; F7.112 60
49.107 40 43R.P511 F5,790 20
54.624 m 246,179: 73,K\1 70
2-2.152. ?4,645 60
1S. fA7 00
23.905 60 610.7r5I 30.539 25
lX.fvVi,
41,055 90
51.912
30j
39.354 30
J
19 K(
1*0 60
06
'307 20
1.0241
1,412 F5
35
S0.67fi| 3.101 40
19,3/91
so)
23,1551
6,94$ 50
40
Duty.
$G38»&42 $159,710 50
346. P25
30*. 574
97.6*0
76.7H3
162.09:
5:501
2.301
VT9
111.697
29.GH2
43.903
127l 950
3io,aao
745
256.751
98
5,056
659
630
9.998
43,622
125,^25
26.654
119,746
11.975
1.3)2
5!9.910;
140.03d
22.32b
104.047
473
92.573
29:304
30,713
48.629
11,426
J.651
'690
263
33.509
<6.904
50
70
20
00
00
10
40
20
30
70
10
60
8.7S0 60
25.590 00
62,176 00
223 50
77,025 30
29 40
1,786 60
197 70
1S9 00
2.999 40
13:0*6 60
25:165 00
7.'996 20
35:923 SO
2,395 00
131 20
54.091 60
14.603 80
2,232 SO
3,537
719 40
1.052,tao
5.653 40
21 (•: 424 00
£7,333 20
3.304 00
11,928 00
16.1K2 GO
1K280 90
197 70
410,699 10
65.813 feO
'4:S6.0G6
10:520
39:760
53,942
37,003
059
1.36S.997
3,173.8S *!
21,375|
952.165
100.956
17.518
6,412
20
00
M
50
23! 1271* ""o.'aiVio
23.5S.1, 7,074 90
104. S40' 31.452 00
221,221
W2.73'
1,004.300
1.620
12,512
41.591
56.3ilf*.
.'Wi. KJ1
6" 18
4I2..W,
311.445
178,321
150
13,79pt
121,214
66,307 20
50,273
106.430
IB.470
4
3,753
70
00
20
00
60
12.478 20
22.531 20
114,267 30
92.503
123,709
17,072
53,496
45
2.069
00
80
25
30
00
70
Hi Doc. 3.
52
VALUE OF IMPORTS, AND DUTIES THEREONt
1849.
IMS*
Species of merchandise.
©o
Buttons, all other buttons and button-moulds.
GlassSilvered, ana in frames
Faintinge on glass, porcelain and colored*.
Polished plate..
Manufactures of, not specified
Cut
Plain
Watch crystals
Glasses or pebbles for spectacles.
Apothecaries' vials, n X a, 16 o z . . .
Perfumery and fancy vials, n Xa, 16 or...
Bottles, n Xa, two quarts..
Demijohns..
Window,
10 inches
' 1 0 ^ 12 inches....*.**..
above 1 0 ^ 12 i n c h e s . . . . . . . . .
Paper—
'
. .
'' Antiquarian, imperial, snperroyal, &c...
Medium, cap, demy, and other writings
Folio and quarto post
*
Bank and bank-note paper.
Binders', box, pressing, and pasteboards....
Copperplate, printing, and drawing
Sheathing paper.
Playing-cards
Papier-mache, articles and wares of..,
Paper-hangings
Paper boies and fancy boxes...
Manufactures of, not specified
BooksBlank, bound or unbound.
Printed in IIebrew.
Printed in Greek and L a t i n . . . . . . . . . . .
Printed in English
*..*.*,
Printed in other languages............
Periodicals and illustrated newspapers
Periodicals, &.C., in. the course of publication......
Leather—
f
Tanned, bend, and sole. * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tanned and dressed upper l e a t h e r . . . . . . . . .
Skins, tanned and dreseed
, Skins, tanned and not dressed
Skivers
Boots and bootees, for men and, women...*
Shoes and pumps, for men and women..** •
Boots, bootees, and shoes, for children.*.*.
Gloves, for men, women, and children.....
' Manufactures of, not specified
Wares-
China, porcelain, earthen,and stone..
Plated or gift
Japanned...
Britannia.,
Wedge wood.. *...
Silver-plated metal
Silvered or plated ware.
Saddlery, common, tinned, or japanned *. *.
plated, brass,or polished steel...*
IJttrs—
i
25
£55,856 25
107,730
6*711
63.6*0
2g,652
00
00
10
10
ll^m
2,962
308
724
50
15.622
41482
40
20
90
50
10
50
60
$305,937
$91,484 25
150,537
14,4SS
45,161 10
4,346 40
£4,630 30
359,130
22,370
212,207
85,507
70,557
37,808
9,674
4,363
2*415
167
52,075
14, 942
58,130
71,406
31,491
30
30
30
30
30
30
20
30
30
20
30
30
4,975
57,857
82,338
33,704
570
6,333
77
1,805
22,129
72,7W
66,620
45,031
20
10
10
10
10
10
2*336
914
4,808
315,102
144,059
20
I,894
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
5,491
2ti,005
295,605
4,596
84,272
21,253
6,041
3,160
794,076
149,993
1,093 20
5,201 00
59,121 00
919 20
25,281 60
6,375 90
1,812 30
948 00
238,222 80
44,997 90
817
12,096
410,SO^
30
30
30
30
30
2,332,996
192,931
61,885
II,479
252
1,712
595
132,712
178,067
699,898 6$
57,680 20
18,565 50
3,443 70
75 60
513 60
178 50
26,542 40
53,420 10
10
10
20
30
30
221,545
222,712
99,986
12,383
9,951
22,124
22,271
19,997
3,714
2,965
50
20
20
90
30
249,156
256,656
84,976
3,842
30
40
30
40,827
23,927
115,103
12,248 10
9,570 80
34,530 90
52,195
32,694
165,850
49,755 00
370,656
168,434
428,145
101,832
74,131
£0,530
21.407
30,549
237,716
949,149
120,413
11
14,573
64,924
68,314
27,457
36,133
' 3
2,185
30
30
30
30
other manufactures of****
.„*,.•"• onmanttfketured.. *...**.
MarNe manufactures of
£313,425
Duty*
Value.
Duty.
30
30
30
30
40
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
20
20
20
Undressed on the skin.*,.
Batters', dressed or undressed,not on the skin
Dressed on the skin
Hats, caps, muffs, tippets, 8tc ;.***.*...,
Manufactures of, not specified... ;*...*.
Wood, manufactures of, viz:
, Cabinet' and household fti rniture .*.*..,,
Cedar, mahogany, rose, satin,
Manufactures of" not specified . . . . . . . . .
Unmanufactured, viz:
Cedar, granadilla, mahogany, rose, and satin
Firewood, and other
Dye-wood in stick
Bark of the cork-tree, cork» . .
;
Value.
6,086
13,926
2S.222 80
282*101
e&sn
4&5G3
37*303
6,616
4,23ft
441
14,281 20
6,298 20
61,677
16,8*1
2,916
112*176
94,217
1,492 50
17.357 10
24*701 40
278
59,110
64.624
ii, eas oo
10,111 20
173
1,917
15
5-17
0.633
14,556
25,686
13,515
70
90
40
50
70
80
00
30
467
91
480
31,510
20
40
eo
20
14.406 80
608 60
378 80
20
20
25
60
2,088 90
6,993 «
33,85a
104
«,!*
7,S7J
31*710
76,525
65,030
51,994
^eoQ
26,469 m
18, 225
11*190
1,993
1,270
131
20
90
80
«
30
18,503 10
5,064 30
V
. ® 20
22,435 2C
4,843 40
83
15.633
19,3K7
10:157
31
1,949
40
00
20
40
20
5C
Of
3,071 60
9,513 00
15,305 00
19,509 00
15,598 20
1,160 00
109,95i
936
25 20
585 00
56,987 0C
21,990 20
93 60
1,943
388 60
126
2,93.1
21M* 935^
11,358
161 40
2,419 99
«,1O0 80
4,835
772,217
173,143
2,271
16,770
2,883
2,897
l!4i7
331,665
51,942
m
90
90
70
60
10
90
2,261,331
159,619
62,269
17,272!
678,399
47,885
18,680
5*181
30
70
70
60
£6,903
9,613
9 65d
6,440
67 749
117,736
6,8£2
1,632 00
13,549 80
£;317 80
24,915 60
51,331 30
£497 60
1,152 COj
2,052 60
15,658 50
13^077 60
00
80
45
90
30
95
%VH »
H .
Doc.
3.
& 3
-Continued*
DURING THE YEARS ENDING JUXE
1650.
Valve.
1651.
Dwxy.
m
1106,129 50
233,393
4; <07
313,1117
70,017 ea
$421,
43, fill)
14,590
7,237
3,143
333
79.01
30,301
14,116
03.741
83,077
512
154,465
37.310
2,213
047
1,6«J
10.016
54,0*3
76.K20
39,782
110,139
7,675
74
2,027
341,755
115,486
4,328
2, £01
33,244
21,281
€03,201
47,283
46.560
16,324
11,647
15,4181
766,067
350,732
12,601.303
239;736
48,4**>
32,305
72
26,691
6,934
©0.751
155,281
148,377
607.506
44,303
5,694
8,393
31,109
46 275
273.507
945,537
182.0t«
47»;it9
173,041
602
•>JM»
«a,i04
1,412 10
to
32,786 70
17,447 69
26.539 atf
4.377 00
2.139 10
'944 TO
99 90
23.975 10
2.ff23 20
19:948 30
17,615 40
153 60
46.345 SO
11,183 00?
663 60
2fM 10
504 60j
3.004
1«;494
15.364
11.934
33,041
Okty.
Valttc.
80
90
00
60
70
$137,343 25 1-155.500 $U3,a>o 00 $638,842
90.537 90
309,721 02,913 30
346. mi
"337 60
C£7
1.57V
206 10
67,7W 70
225,939
263,026 78,007 60 306:574
87.449 06.234 70 07.680
198*650 59.655 00
22.050 20
73:395 as: 3m 00 76,783
55.148
56.967 30
166,333 55.839 90
162.097
33,655
10.156 50
3S.244 61473 20 38,088
6.4KH
2,420 40
5,25"
1.577 10
5.504
336 fW
i;io3
299 40
urn
2,301
31 6 60
1.0C2
23
G 90
673
30.166 M
100; 556
01804 97.650 20
111,697
8.676 30
5.749 60
33:765 30
34,603 OQ
133,015
110
255,170
44,4*7
€15
479
X7
17.406
67.973
123,623,
SJ0.438
151,434
202 70
34.175 50
11,518 GO
432 80
2.318
384,583
93,463
15,430
00
m
m
50
60!
3,340,
310j630
745
356,751
fi.221 SO
26.331 90
3,236 40
18,746 40
22,632 60
10,212 60
24,410 10
9,993
43,622
125.625
26,654
119,740
2,999 40
13,086 60
25.165 00
7,996 20
35,923 80
2,559 40
11,975
2,395 00
190 60
1,312
549.916
146,038
22,328
131 30
S4.991 60
133 60
4.861 eo
11,710 40
004.481 20
4.970 60
12:572
8:655 90]
5.183 10
2,4-29 10
3P4.4U 80
«2,403 40
25,55.5,
98,772 00
15,130 20
7.666 50
46,564 3 ^
50,604
116.24.T
900,46$
2,076 90
15.181 20
23.248 60
62,840 40
14,637 70
60,750 m
«,er>i 20
228,674
667,127
67..VH;
22.867 40
£6*712 70
13,506 60
7.007 art
^077 2 $
16.150 2a
1.703 2 ^
£517
10,2501
1&M0 (
80,052 10
49.107 *
J
23,905 <
51012 :
\m i
1*412 65!^
,
8,431 r~
50,43*
5.996!
12;i50j
9L
M
alTerr 40
^645 00
60.464
312,51ft
9.036 60
94:185 60
93,754 80
246,179
65.790 20
73.853 70
30:539 S5
m
6I0! 7 t $
131,181
1024
isjssa
104,047 50
473 70
92.573 20
29,304 00
30,713 20
46,629 10
11,426 40
1,651 20
690 30
263 70
33,509 10
£,904 60
6,780 60
25,580 00
62,175 00
560 40
76,514 10
47 10
38 70
S3 70
£1 90
1*002.186 60
329,24
29,682]
43.003
127:950
$159,710 50
46,557 20
2,512 40
50
231 80
38,458 30
9,316 80
1,543 00
24. .VH
7.648 80
b&T&i
4,256 20
172,640 20 1,032; 4oq
8,456 60
' 24,85,**
13, im 00
41.909
41887 20 28; M
5.997 30
8.585 60
27^578 80
Duty.
33 OO
76,551 00
13,346 10
344 50
143 70
107 10
24:725 80
068
1,31
19.091
4-2.9281
137. £34
232,786
7,931 40
45,430 20
5
572 20
760.417
71,920
14,544
8,691
21
Value.
Duty.
331,733
12,563
10
30
101
60
Value.
£548,97?
1,535 00
4,554
, 4,794
236,420
77,610
1653.
165SL
S B ^ 30
307 m
%m 35
$ 9 4 6 SO
6 OO
420;630
103.379
£6,714
42.963 OO
10,937 90
2,671 40
26
5 20
32,660
286,711)
692,051,
34,609,
7,'5141
35.087
6,532 OO
57.342 20
138,410 20
287
1,308,490
205,163
435.5
XtiMOi
138,853
14:603 80
2,232 60
719 40
436,666
16,520
39,760
53,9-12
37,603
659
1.368.997
286,046
5,653 40
910,424 00
67,333 20
3,304 00
11,923 00
16,162 60
11.280 90
197 70
410,699 10
65,613 60
3,173,884
336,520
58,396
21,375
952,165 20
100,956 00
17,518 SO
6,412 50
23,127
23,583
104.640
221,224
6.938 10
7; 074 90
31,452 00
66,367 20
10
00
00
90
50
562,737
1,064,300
92,351
£6,273 70
106,430 00
16,470 20
466 00
3,753 60
11.974 50
41,594
12,478 20
22.531 20
114,267 X
462,818
412,566
341,445
178.321
150
13,796
121214
92,563 60
123,769 60
17,072 25
53,496 30
45 06
2,069 70
36,364 20
6,1*21 60
2,254 20
10.526 10
7,595
86 10
392,517 00
61,554 90
61,956 00
232,1:*
659
630
28*267
2L982 00
735,96a
88.033
10,0
17,11.
30.PI5'
339.4
5,356
223 50
77,025 30
29 40
1,786 60
197 70
m 00
3,597
3,444,(05 1,033,228 50
311,^
93,478 50
17,649 60
16,4^
4.938 00
44$
134 70
498 60
5,820 5Q
299,891
98
23.989
73. 596
17.607
3,021
5,131
1,052:120
1,620
12,512
33*076 60
101,629 90
67,112 60
84.645 60
18,667 00
41,055 90
19 80
3,101 40
9,026 40
56
H. Doc. 3.
H—
VALUE OP IMPORTS, AtfD DUTIES THEREON,
1849.
1848.
Species of m ^ h a n d i s e .
$46,680
3,060
Marble, unmanufactured
Quicksilver
Brushes and brooms
Black-lead pencils
Slates, of all kinds
.
Rawhides and skins
.
Boots and bootees, of silk or satin
of prunelle, lasting, fcc.
Shoes and slippers, of silk or satin
122. 080
26;»S8
216,497
4,262,069
128
70,9©
of India ruober
27,406
292,138
39,109
286
214,900
Grass cloth
Gunny bags.
Umbrellas, parasols, and sunshades, of silk.
all others...
Flax-seed or linseed.
Angora, Thibet, or goat's hair, and other mohair.
Wool, unmanufactured
Wines—
Burgundy, in casks
Madeira, in casks
Sherry and St. Lucar, in c a s k s . . . , ,
Port,in casks
Claret, in casks
...,
Teneriffe, and other Canary.
Fayal, and other Azores
...,
Sicily, and other Mediterranean
Austria, and other of Germany
Red wines, not enumerated
White wines, not enumerated
Burgundy, in bottles and cases, &c
Bottles...
Champagne
Bottles........
Madeira....,./.
71481
857,034
1,716
91.630
1091
170, m
921.416
141087
5,816
67,364
1,998
180,928
193,358
2,112
69
282,119
6,137
1,891
25
1,981
.
Bottles..
Sherry, and St. Lucar
Bottles
Fort
*
Bottles.
,
Claret.....
Bottles..;
All o t h e r . .
Bottles
SpiritsBrandy
From grain*...
From other m a t e r a l s . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cordials
Beer, ale, and porter, in casks
in bottles
30
40
30
40
30
40
30
100
100
100
Vinegar
Molasses.......
Oil—
•
Spermaceti, of foreign fishing
Whale^and other fish, of foreign fishing.
Olive,in c a s k s . .
Castor......
Linseed...............
Rape seed
Neatsfoot..
.......
Spirits of t u r p e n t i n e . . . . . .
Teas, from places other than that of production.
Coffee, from places other than that of production
Cocoa
Chocolate
.Sugar—
Brown, raw
White, clayed or powdered
Loaf and other r e f i n e d . . . . .
Candy......
Sirup of t u g a i - c a n e . . . . . .
Fruits-
Almonds.......
Currants
? i u n e s and pthms
Figs
100
30
30
30
30
00
00
00
40
25
45
40
£26,974
88
4,118
23
88,441
21,197
35,537
9,531
1,135,069
327:493
75,943
24,64*
32,4631
91,342
6,037
3,435,703
30 30
31,294 GO
6,806 50
58.437 GO
I ! 173 27
85 80
49,980 00
1,496 20
957,110 90
686
8.6X2
43,993
68,053
88:566
146,063
32,187
152,030
3,507,300
100
4
306
51631 80
2;a»40
96,945 60
799 90
73,371 20
77,343 20
844 80
90 7ol
119,847 60|
1,841 10
756 40
750
512 40
99 40
1,647 SO
6 00
35,376 40
6,359 10
14,214 80
759 30
00
00
00
00
90
GO
10
90
20
00
16,863
36
63,788
557
484,101
47
70
3,372 60
7 2u
19,13ft 40
111 40
96,620 90
940
14 00
50
50
00
20
30
5^,616 60
873,0*4
105
1,177,3*7
SO
90
90
30
90
90
15,700
4.368
&4,140
10,180
S3, .135
17,474
270,700
33,934
40
00
90
60
40
1,133,089
327,493
75,943
94,647
0,738
97,402
1,811
1,030,710
$22,193 60
5,394 80
4 3 , t l 8 90
9,656 10
38,007 .V)
175,303*00
30 00
1 20
91 50
$110,963
130 eo
436
101
of pranelle. lasting, &.c.
$9,336
612
36,624
8.067
54,134
913,103
38
Duty.
Value.
Duty.
Value.
91 00
353,204 10
1,946
42,120
51,401
109,080
105,531
9,057
2, O P
12,893
I,133
88,470
84,055
3,237
27
173,018
9,088
4,866
105,392
128*510
972,700
963,836
23,643
5,108
32,231
2,8M
921,177
310,139
8,094
90
432,545
6,963
'747
12
776
27
40
80
00
00
40
20
20
40
80
W
6v
60
00
00
90
29* 80
360
310 40
8 10
491 20
15 90
23.079 20
3,281 40
1,228
53
57,698
10,938
99,842
2,800
II,936 8W
840 0V
1,347,514
327,957
145,784
16,110
134,431
4,065
2,778,174
58
12,854
20
65,787
3,5*4
487,930
59
1,347,514 00
327.957 0(H
145; 784 00
25,328 00
4,833 00
40,339 30
1,219 50
833,453 90
11
2,572
4
16,736
716
07,584
60
80
00
10
80
00
' 11 eo
90
90
90
10
90
8,368
50,868
86,019
1,058
1,673
10,173
8,601
911
__
6<H
90
60
29,863
2,091
123JM6
1,453
5,979
418
12,394
290
20
60
20
60
60
30
30
30
30
30
8,963,654
347,053
169,111
889
865
9,689,096
104,115
50,733
266
965
90
m
30,
70
50
7,793,616
821,906
31,078
461
378
2,33^,084
66,361
10,223
138
113
80
80
40
30
40
40
190,991
111,171
96,2031
76,116 40
44,468 40
lojssa^
38,481 sol
1
152,979
99,576
48,719
63,410
61,191 60
39,830 40
19,487 60
34,964
0W
H. Doc. 3.
55
Continued.
DURING TUB YEA US ENDING JUKE 3 0 1850.
1651.
Duty.
Value.
Duty.
a; t oo 6104.509
J C I H 40
62,767
ay, ^ TO 1*16,413
10,003 oo
02,952
151,420
xutso T:
5,964,83^
26
339,951 5J
53 10»
00
140
23,161
7*7 75
57,2*5 30
n,avt 90
75 90
C4.0T.2 20
i;737 to
504,507 30
188; 137
62,447
156
430,017
14.317
3,833,157
1,355
116,006
C.229 20
oo'.ras <0
47isfto SO
122:181 to
106:978 Oft
91,066 00
1,810 00
9,073
1,589
106,395
66,141
5,371
20
SO
20
90
60
487 art
171,911 90
789 60
1,736 ao
990
1,032 80
31 20
2,290 4d
56 70
37,012 00
5,937 00
26,000 40
969 OO
2,659,537
361,078
113,779
32.417
19:176
33,714
00
00
Od
00
30
39
1C
867,055 &
3,098 I
is.m 10!
2,524 H
169,731 24 I
255 40}
11 !
96,171
3.951 i
10,650 10
178
r
1,997,863 !
254,081 1
14,599 i
885 ;
137 19
86,5709,595 4
t l 3461
1852.
154.668
319,849
280,333
15,542
2,988
98,975
4.519
236,727
209,847
^
649,433
5,675
2,036
28
4,844
177
6,143
99.
16.331
96; 640
Value.
$20,901 80
12,553 40
46.923 W
18.865 CO
37:855 OO
195,241 90
7 £0
42
6,948
3,171
37,627
15,734
46
86.fXtt
2.8CI
1,149,947
00
30
75
40
10
80
40
40
10
542
46,403
61.667
139;939
112,133
00
20
20
60
20
1,195
39,590
1.807
94.690
£3,938
955
12
259,773
1,702
814
8
1,937
53
3,257
17
39.910
4,699
38.
2o|
00
60
80
60
60
90
20
50
40
40
60
10
20
40
00
30
6,2)6 80
00;
668 60
2,128,679
364,201
100.850
31,127
41,946
900, MS
5,801
3,797,581
2,128,679 00
364,204 00
100,850 00
34,127 0 0
12.313 60
60,254 4 0
1,740 30
1,112,274 DO
10
2 00
20
206 60
32,066 70s
3 , 0 0 9 40j
L2S1
1.033
106,889
15.047
1,632,811
1,618
11,149
40
113.348
5; 121
126,153
1,207
13,882,274
336,562 20|
323 60i
2 , 2 2 9 80
8 00
22.669 60|
1,024
12*615
241
235,732
3,864.682 i
70,719 t
217*036 <
233,305
133,879
93,322 I
53,548 (
50,799 5
M$m i
733,420
4,469
45
, 81,77^
135,559
13 t
1853.
Duty.
$157,602
93.02S
143:122
49,293
156,453?
4,623,115?
3,706
2G0.619
61,891
1,897
589,749
805
1,533,711
Value.
$31,500
18,605
42,935
14,787
39,113
241;155
40
60
60
90
25
95
1,129
7,293
52.123
18, 563
569
117,949
161
579,213
60
25
80
20
10
80
00
30
$176,990
17.459
199; 780
65.554
109.352
5,9191391
1,162
1,034
12,901
28,641
231,53^
57,138
1,231
633,335
8,688
2,669,718
2*384 00
4i:566 &0
39.072 00
96,095 20
162,152 00
6,092 00
610 40
9,025 20
4,199 60
91,740 00
78,318 00
733 20
4 50
246*270 40
1:350 00
121735 20
30
5 , 7 4 3 60
16 €0
2 , 5 4 8 80
14 70
38,305 60
5 , 2 7 8 50
30.930 40
1,397 40
12,409
3aV,62fi
155,819
266,005
482,827
14,751
5,982
45,794
6,406
377,482
305,287
2,030
52
876,182
4,530
6,142
5r
15,867
1,792-968 1.792*968 00
294,3 s ® '294:386 00
99,020
99.020 00
34,099
34; 099 00
8,841
2 , 6 5 2 30
248.509
74,579 70
9,164
2 , 7 4 9 20
3,595,127 1,078,538 10
3,251,408
424,638
106,501
45,251
26,933?
338,559
6 975
3,684 868j
769 40
20
12*317 40
255,781
G96
139,770
32,104
1,045,897
143,875
to 1 4 , 3 3 3
23
38,636
20,032
167,895
5.960
103.917
97,680'
940,23$
405.380
20,230
1,526
22,563
10,499
229,
195,870
1,833
15
615,676
4,500
31,838
1
14,aw
56
6,372
49
95,764
17,595
77,301
4,658
3,647
1
41*058]
5,019
779,054
6,400
11,639
1 1 1
'^Sj
i;003 80
155,810 80
1,280 00
21.127
**24^ 951*80
3,195 00
6*207 60
182 00
11,430,734 4,329,220 20
239.032
71 709 60
12,924 30
1 653 30
&
120,700!
143,343'
95 18fl
94,043{
36
8,994
115
332,664
25.229
140,860
4,489
48,280
57,337
38,072
37,617
00
20
40
20
2,210
14,619,766 4,391,929 80
294,700
68,410 00
53,310
15,993 00
5,172
' 1,551 GO
55
16 50
304*954
40;e®3
113,769]
124,713
121,981
16,357
45,507
49,885
60
20
GO
20
H. Doc. 3.
6
H —
VALUE OF IMPORTS, AND DUTIES THEREON,
Species of merchandise.
2a
FruitsDates.....
Raisins.........
Nuts, all except dying
. Spices—
Mace
Nutmeg*....
Cinnamon
Cloves
Pepper, black
red
Pimento, or alspice
Cassia..........
Ginger, ground
in root
Camphor, crude
refined.......
CandlesWax and spermaceti
Tallow
Stearine
Cheese
Soap
Tallow
Starch
Pearl barley
Butter.
Lard
Beef and pork.
Hams and other bacon.......
Bristles
Saltpetre, crude
refined, or.partly refined.,
Indigo
Woad or pastel.......
Ivory and bone-black
Opium...
...........
Glue.
Gunpowder.....
Alum
Copperas
Sulphate of quinine
Vitriol, blue or roman...
oil of.
Chloride of lime, or bleaching powder.,
Soda-ash, or barilla......
Sulphate of barytes
Tobacco—
Unmanufactured
Snuff
Cigars....
Other than snuff and c i g a r s . . . . . . .
PaintsDry ochre . . .
Ochre in o i l . . ,
Red and white lead
Whiting and Paris white
Litharge...,...ii...
Sugar ol lead
•Cordage, tarred and cables
un tarred.
Twine and pack-thread......
Seines
Hemp—
:
Unmanufactured..............
Manilla, sun, and other hemps of Indi*, &c'
/ute. Sisal grass coir, & c . . .
4<
^ Codilla, or tow of hemp or
flax...........
Flax, unmanufactured
- •
Rags of all k i n d s . ^ . .
salt............&
Coal
Coke, or cul m. . . . . .
Bread stuffs—
Wheat
Barley...
Bye
3849.
1&48.
C
C«
Duty.
Value.
$14,046
582,540
137,750
15,367
205,705
13,790
45,537
98,674
45,766
130.440
83^717
Value.
$5,618 40
233,016 00
41,337 40
§7,112
6^2,905
71,33r
6,146 80
22,090
219,349
8,593
56,594
65,253
11,556
191,197
74,19Sj
82,2*3 00
4,137
18,214
29,602
11,729
52,176
33,486
00
80
20
80
00
t0
74,252
52,224
159
29,700 80
13,056 00
63 60
73,198
39,817
527
10
105 40
2 00
1,245
31
14,843
671162
2,021
804
203
9,179
715
2,688
2,769
175,035
563,744
671
961,849
1 774
1,689
1291279
81586
583
2,494
4,993
45,005
4,452 90
20,148 60
202 10
160 80
40 40
1,835 tO
143 00
537 6t
553 80
8,751 25
28,187 20
67 10
66,184 SO
177 40
337 80
25,855 80
1,717 20
116 60
498 80
998 60
18
133,058
575,034
3,276
3
13,305
57,502
655
60
80
40
20
415,737
320
1,360.468
124,718
128
514,187
688
10
00
20
40
358
1,439,765
3,50?
8,789 70
99 .10
3,015 60
675 60
21 00
40fJ 20
55,976 00
3,905 50
12,479 50
150 60
33,725
4,131
I f , 703
2,755
249
858
129.120
17,290
34,37*
182
i;72i
29,299
331
15,228
3,383
105
2,031
223.904
41,575
502
187.905
342,445
379,339
1.512
ioa;26i
1,043,502
461,140
29
194,415
1,809
as
0,001 00
66,371
85.611
94,834
236
15,339
31,330
298,500
138,342
8
50
25
75
80
15
35
40
00
70
38,883 00
3&1 80
im
16
22,895
74,370
1,(539
598
21,804
14
1,515
2,268
68,265
436,250
25,815
805,863
31136
1,481
190,316
12.513
43
2,004
10,131
7,069
9,6*8
61
78,0®
637,965
5,983
27^,674
491.633
190.634
a^,406
156,498)
504.755
1,438,981
409,282
90,3®
1,641
162
H. Doc. 3*
57
Continuqd.
. DUBIKG T H E YEARB ENDING JtJXE 5
1850.
Value.
7w!&77]
100,818
8.383
i;399
45.029
97,528
1.651
13917B2
108,47
33.661
32,8>
25,044
200
1,570
358
32,559
97,372
5,721
l,7Ki
1.921
53,3281
2
7,503
9,381
152.702
712,015
827
003,031
3,070
2,752
302,605
15,006
2,159
7,656
4,022
J
6,487
16,500
175,62?
714,718
15,309
973,438
.
131
1,469,097
6,675
12,428
1,298
43,756
19,060
80
139^51
117,626
62,106
£90
S79,8l4
659,362
Ifc,816
33,421
128,017
, 748,707]
W186
907,922
7,734
30,309
1651.
Dciy.
Value.
Duty.
#3,656 40
3,303 80
00
70
60
40
30
55.912 tO
6,758
348,975
14.0S3
3817S6
192^722
4.899
60 00
103.71*
102. KJ4
39,687
517.000
97,^
2; 023
314 00
16,215
43.390 M
10,093 30
13,143 20
6,261 00
71
0.767
99,911
572
60
70
60
10
356 60
244 20
10,665 60
'
40
1,500 60
1,tf76 SO
7 635 10
35,645 75
82 70
00,303 10
307 00
550 40
72,®! 00
3,181
431
1,531
804
1,297
3,300
20
80
20
40
40
00
"*17.'562*80
711471 80
3,061 SO
m
7,531
54,h52
62,616
12,306
3,300
13,382
37,536
131
1,007
13,4.%
944,694
692,777
1,065
675.087
1,429
241
94.815
2.^393
2,774
16,822
969
48.482
11.981
'1491
161,676
867.058
16,179
81,731
S3
587,633
2,670
40
40
80
00
555.608
'353
2,530.612
12,550
3,728
389
8.751
3,612
18
3.779
34,937
29,405
40
40
580
00
00
40
75
50
52,631
92,423
365
53,817
41,173
172.612
18,631 eo
177 00
173.944 SO
164,840 50
48.204 00
4;863 15
19,337 55
37,435 a>
247 437 W
113,645 10
181,584 40
1,516 80
2,061 00
Value*
«K7S7 Q0
351, £tf 40
38,4t*j 60
Sfc0,390 80
32,045 40
91,558
9.819
181951
29.258
495
1850.
19,015
50:282
£23.954
508;709
301,316
15.8S7
176,197
903,747
1,047,800
4T97&
905
609,681
53,653
93,156
9.703 SO
09,590 00
4,224 90
15,518 40
57,616 GO
1,469 70
41. 518 40
4i; 133 GO
11,966 10
11,160 OO
6,314 50
£11 60
3,943 00
560
1.506 90
16,455 60
18,7S4 80
1,030 CO
672 00
3,676 40
7.507 30
m 90
333 40
3,691 90
12,334 70
39,638 65
106 50
67.508 70
" 142 90
48 20
18.063 00
51678 60
554 80
3,364 40
193 80
9,696 40
2,396 20
29 80
16.167 60
66,795 m
3,235 80
166.6a
141
1,008.324
5,020
40
90
80
00
5.704 50
10,526
4,484
73
10.763
10;293
43,153
15,084
89
20
60
00
40
95
00
60
70
67,105 20
127,177 25
50.329 OO
9:383 05
20,429 55
45,187 a>
909:578 00
143,935 50
61 50
131. $05 20
10,730 60
4,631 601
1653.
Value.
Duty.
#5,589 60
Dory.
Sstja!
77, in
359,451 20
23,133 90
$14,792
696,034
144,661
$5,916 80
558,413 60
43,458 30
S3,60S
345,949
8,464
61,631
203. .Vlu
9,598
138,379
2,539
34,652
61,051
983
71,442
97.671
Ml
32,495
5,513
39
88.059
10; 085
47,835
181,694
45,475
185.012
1781190
717
60,163
14,341
316
6,094
2,437 60
35,223 60
3, 025 50
19,134 00
54,508 90
13.642 50
741004 80
711276 00
215 10
34.065 90
31585 95
126 40
3^
178,607
944,179
1,070
61,939
22,054
56
®,01S
983
10.8^0
44,82®
51,502
1,300
4,477
308
791883
5,987
31,™
13, aw
313,130
1,066,279
18,957
947,367
1,108
198*695
17:
5.219
162
37,343
909
165.840
56s;ei9
10,125
00
60
30
40
50
70
80
60
00
60
50
40
403 00
56 60
9.174 00
13,457 70
15,450 60
132 00
695 40
61 60
15,976 60
1,197 40
6.355 60
9;671 60
15.656 50
53:313 95
11895 70
94,736 70
110 80
25.739
3l559
538
1,043
32
5,468
591
41
16.584
561681
2,025
00
40
40
80
40
60
20
80
00
90
00
587,395
176,918 50
893
90
9,985,107 1,194,042 80
5,469
9,187 60
avr
15,838
43,365
14,0721
'394
94.688
82,967
122,450
45,014
742
164 589
943,422,
180,099
35,717
175,342
1,112.137
406,841
558.958
50; 721
9,5671
4,751 40
8.673
2,814
78
4,977
90.741
30^612
13,504
922
00
40
80
60
75
50
20
60
49,376 40
915.605 50
451024 75
slaw 55
26:301
31,339
922,437
122,052
30
95
40
30
111,791 60
10,144 90
1,913 40
6,904
3.017
4,414
70,528
80,424
64,114
30,192
170
330,326
916
96,766
7,455
953,731
643,037
767
1,982.307
287
346,643
10,952
9,690
5,706
1,635
903,974
5,873
'ill
161,668
845,443
14,417
1,940 80
603 40
882 80
31,158 40
94,127 90
6,411 40
6,038 40
34 00
66,065 20
189 20
5,353 20
1,491 00
12.686 55
32,151 85
76 70
128,236 70
209 90
57 40
69.328 60
21190 40
538 00
1.141 90
327 00
40,654 80
1,174 60
22 90
16,166 80
841544 30
9^883 40
956,740 90
855,803
1,021 20
2, 553
3,311,9X5 1,334,774 00
1,978 80
4,947
96.708
7,150
69,058
6,230
436
35,204
82,139
39,521
58.546
404
8,019 40
9,145 00
laeil 60
11246
87
7,040
20.534
91880
17 563
191
00
90
80
75
25
80
90
329,192
1,591,791
98,541
16,931
U S 684
982,837
1,059,432
490,010
16
98.736 GO
397 947 75
24,635 25
9.539 65
50.352 60
49,141 85
911,886 40
147,003 00
480
821,815
39,764
1,825
164.363 00
7,959 80
365 00
H. Doc. 3.
58
H—
VALUE OF IMPORTS, AND DUTIES THEREON,
iwa.
Species of merchandise.
JSC.
Bteadstufls—
Oats
Wheat flour
Eye meal....
Oat meal
.Potatoes
FishDried or emoked
Salmon, pickled
Mackerel
Herrings and shad
All other
Merchandise not enumerated, at 5 per cenU.
at 10
at 15
at 20
at 25.
at 30.
at 40
Value paying duty..
Free of duty
Value.
163,424
$1,838
21,631 60
$367 GO
£37,067
76,272,
I.3G3
14,3d5
272 60
4,315 50
1,315
20,602
127,799
€0,944
£35,123
24.566
47,203
2,0.72.111
1,313, KM
565,374
2,971.149
137,823
1,693,097
180,047
154,996,92c
*
Register's Ojfke, Xovemher 2, 1853.
Value.
Doty.
25,530
16,183
107,025
4,911
9,441
102,605
131,3K»
65,256
5M.234
34,455
507,929
72,018
£0
80
60
20
60
55
40
10
80
75
10
80
43,709
81,200
465 2*6
29,761
13.097
1,702 012
1,010,131
2.KR.652
155.030
1,641,737}
141,741
8,741 60
16,210 00
93,057 20
5,952 20
2,619 40
85,100 60
103,013 10
42,911 70
578,730 40
38,772 50
492,521 10
56,696 40
132,23,3251 33,389,876 20 125,479,774 32,215,016 45
20,377,665.
Total
TuAStrav Department,
1649.
Ow
147,857,439
H. Doc. 3.
61
Continued.
DU1UNC THE YEARS ENDING JUNE 3 0 1650.
Value.
1851.
Duty*
Value.
1652.
Duty.
Value.
1653.
Doty.
Value.
6113,036
1.191,469
1,531
11,730
43,635
622,607 29
•JJcLWO M
ax» eo
2,3-16 00
14,590 50
61C3.448
1,00^923
4m
6,476
94,441
$32,639 60
201,785 SO
97 20
1,295 60
28,332 30
$113,796
1,010,540
$32,759 60
202,108 00
5,958
119,383
35,616 40
45,961
85,447
335,736
37,0J7
38,451
9,449,996
l,16d,SJ9
750 767
4,047,553
175,037
2,026,556
iS7,171
9,192 20
17,0c9 40
67,147 20
7,407 40
7.690 20
122^499 80
116,883 90
112,615 05
809,510 60
43,759 25
607.906 80
90;&68 40
27,769
fv%705
549,525
54,449
61,022
2,475,144
F, 7®,258
1,302,505
4 513,15s,
160,039
2.619,195
390,125
5,5X3 B0
17,141 OO
109,905 00
10,889 SO
12,804 40
123.757 20
178,925 80
195.375 75
902:631 60
40.009 75
765.758 50
156,050 00
65,171
96.526
327:613
73:564
65*933
2.214:145
1,670:0*3
£18,984
4.3^5.837
299:401
2,452,730
294,312
i,i5i 60
11.034
19;:«5
65. 522
14:716
13:i93
110,707
167,007
123,847
877,167
74,850
735,619
117,724
20
20
60
80
60
25
30
60
40
25
00
80
Duty.
£174.65$
874,736
634.931 60
194:947 20
4,363
92,670
872 60
27,661 00
42.823 20
214,116
18,868 20
94,34)
65,846 60
329,2:0
31,805 40
159.027
18,02$ 60
90:i43
133,444 10
2,768,682
251,031 SO
2,510,318
117,643 35
7*4,289
6,234,056 1,246.811 SO
57,286 25
229,1451
861,624 70
2,933,749
145,324 40
363,311
155,427,906 39,874,104 65 191,116,345 4$,715,026 60 176.603.921 45,628,151 50 236,595,113 60,964,929 15
31,383,534
29;692:934
£1,710,3132
25,106,587
178,133,318
216,234,932
208,296,655
267,978,647
F. BIGGER, Rcgisttr.
62
H. Doc. 3.
1.
Articles to be made
free•
Acids, benzoic, boracic, citric, and tartaric;
Aloes,
Alum,
Amber,
Ambergris,
Alcornoque,
Annatto, rancon, or Orleans;
Angora, Thibet, and other goat's hair, or mohair, unmanufactured;
Animals, living;
Aniseed,
Antimony, crude, and regulus of;
Argol, or crude tartar;
Arrow-root,
Arsenic,
Assafcetida,
Animal carbon, and all substances used exclusively for manures.
Bannanas,
Barks used for medicines, dying, tanning, or other purposes;
Barytes, sulphate of;
Barilla, or soda ash;
Bells, when old, and bell metal fit only to be remanufactured.
Berries, nuts and vegetables, used exclusively in dying or in composing dyes; but no article shall be classed as such, that has undergone any manufacture;
Berries, flowers, and barks;
Bismuth,
Bitter apples,
Bleaching powder, or chloride of lime;
Blue or Roman vitriol, or sulphate of copper;
Bolting cloths,
Borax,
Boucha leaves,
Books, magazines, pamphlets, periodicals, and illustrated newspapers,
bound or unbound, being editions printed prior to the year 1830;
Brass in bars, pigs, plates or sheets;
Brass, when old and fit only to be remanufactured;
Brazil paste,
Brazil wood, Brazilletto, and all other dyewoods in sticks:
Breccia,
Brimstone, unrefined or in rolls;
Bronze liquor,
Bronze powder,
Burgundy pitch,
Burrstones, wrought or unwrought.
H. Doc. 3.
63
Cadmium,
Calamine,
Calomel, and other mercurial preparations;
Cameos and mosaics, and imitations thereof, not set;
Camphor, crude;
Cantharides,
Cassia buds,
Castorum,
Chalk,
Chronometers, box or ship, and parts thereof;
Clay, wrought or unwrought;
Cobalt,
Cochineal,
Cocoa and cocoa shells,
Cocoanuts,
Codilla, or hemp of tow or flax;
Coffee, from whatever country imported;
Copper in pigs, bars, plates or sheets;
Copper, when old and fit only to be remanufactured;
Copper for shearing of vessels,
Copperas, or green vitriol or sulphate of iron;
Cork-tree bark, unmanufactured;
Cream of tartar,
Cubebs,
Cudbear.
Diamonds, glaziers', set or not set;
Diamonds, gems, pearls, rubies, and other precious stones, and imitations
thereof, compositions of glass, paste, &c. ; set or not set;
Dragon's blood,
Dried pulp.
Earthen and stone ware,
Emery in lump, not pulverized;
Engravings, etchings or plates, bound or unbound;
Extract of indigo,
Extract and decoctions of logwood and other dye woods}
Extract of madder*
Flaxseed*
Flints,
Emit, green, ripe, dried, preserved or pickled;
jollier's earth,
Furs, dressed or undressed, when on the skin;
*
hatters', dressed or undressed, not on the skin
Gamboge,
finger, green, ripe, or preserved
J* d beater's skin,
JfM and silver leaf,
J?*en turtle,
^um Arabic,
64
H. Doc. 3.
Gum, Barbary;
Gum, East India;
Gum Jedda,
Gum Senegal,
Gum substitute, or burnt starch;
Gum tragacanth,
Gutta i>ercha, unmanufactured.
Hair of all kinds, uncleaned and unmanufactured;
Horns, horn-tips, bones, bone tips, and teeth, unmanufactured
India rubber in bottles, slabs, or sheets unmanufactured;
India rubber, milk of;
Indigo,
Ipecacuanha,
Iridium,
Iris, or orris root;
Ivory, unmanufactured;
Ivory nuts, or vegetable ivory.
Jalap.
Kelp,
Kermes.
Lac-dye,
Lac spirits,
l e e c h e s , ^ s^loes»s'1PPers>b0°ts) bootees, or buttons, exclusively;
Lemons,
Lemon-juice,
Limes,
Lime-juice,
Linens, bleached and unbleached:
Linseed,
*
Liquorice root,
Litharge.
nd,andmadderroot
e
Manna,
Manufactures of mohair Mntk «;tu 4 •
suitable for m a n u S l r e o f ' s h t ^ S t o r e s of cloth,
0 1 s n o e s sIl
exclusively;
> PPere, boots, bootees, or buttons,
Maps and charts,
s^ r
>
{Maiine
f f i coral,
/ ^ EuimamifaMiired
Se/S* •
S S S f t S ^
«—fa—,
-
in .
orade
slate)
^ a t w j s s w s . ' A S R "
H. Doc- 8*
63
Natron,
Nickel,
Nut galls,
Nux vomica.
Ochres and ochrey earths used in the composition of painters' colors,
whether dry or ground in oil;
Oils, palm, cocoanut, and olive; olive when pure, and not otherwise;
Opiuin,
Oranges,
Orange and lemon peel,
Orpiment,
Osier or willow for basket-makers' use, prepared or unprepared.
Palm leaf, unmanufactured;
Paving stones, paving and roofing tiles, and bricks;
Patent mordant,
Pearls, set or not set, and mothero'pearl;
Pewter, when old, and fit only to be remanufactuied;
Pineapples,
Plantains,
Polishing-stones,
Pumice and pumice-stone.
Quicksilver.
Rags, of whatever material;
Ratans and reeds, unmanufactured;
Rhubarb,
Rotten-stone,
Red and white lead.
Safilower,
Saffron and saffron cake,
Sago,
Sal ammoniac,
Salt of all kinds,
Salts, Epsom, Glauber, and Rochelle;
Saltpetre, (or nitrate of soda or potash,) refined or crude;
Sarsaparilla,
Seedlac,
Shaddocks,
ShSacnS ^ ^
Silk, raw, not more advanced in manufacture than singles, tram, or organzine;
Seeds, viz: hempseed, rapeseed, grass, mustard, clover, canary, carda*
mum, cummin, caraway, coriander; and
keeds of all kinds used for agricultural, horticultural, medicinal, and
manufacturing purposes;
^ates and slate pencils,
Smalts,
Skins
and hides, raw. of all kinds, whether dried, salted, or pickledj
s
Pices of all kinds,
64
H.
Doc. 3.
Sponges,
Spunk,
Squills,
Steel in bars, cast, shear, or German;
Sugar of lead,
Tallow, marrow, and all other "grease, and soap stocks and soap stuffs;
Tapioca,
Tea, from whatever country imported;
Terne tin plates,
Terra japonica, or catechu;
Tin foil,
Tin in plates or sheets,
Tin plates galvanized,
Tin in pigs, bars, or blocks;
Tortoise and other shells, unmanufactured;
Tumeric,
Type metals, and old types fit only to be remanufactured.
Vanilla beans.
Watches, and parts of watches;
Watch materials of all kinds,
Waste, or shoddy;
Weld,
Whiting, or Paris white;
Wines of all kinds, except Champagne, imitations of wines, and adul*
terated wines;
Woad or pastel,
Woods, namely: cedar, lignumvita), ebony, box, granadilla, mahogany,
rosewood and satin wood, and all cabinet woods, unmanufactured}
and firewood;
Wool, costing less than ten cents per pound.
Yams.
Zinc, spelter, or teuteneque, in sheets or pigs.
K.
Articles to pay one hundred per centum
ahalonm.
material,
c S d f r ^ L l ? ^ s P W t s V d5i s t iulrl eadc of r r
ratafia qnJnli Jh^ - ?
^ ktfschenwasserliqueurs,maraschino
ratafia, and all other spmtuous beverages of a similar character.
H. Doc. 3.
L.
Articles admitted duly free into foreign ports•
ENGLAND.
Agates or carnelians, not set, cut, or manufactured;
"
not cut or manufactured;
Albumen,
Alganobilla seed,
Alkali, not being barilla;
Alkanet root,
Almonds, bitter;
Aloes,
Alum roch,
" not roch;
Amber, rough;
"
manufactures of, not enumerated (except beads;)
Ambergris,
Amhoyna wood,
Angelica,
Animals, (living) viz:
asses, goats, kids, oxen and bulls, cows, calves,
horses, mares, geldings, colts, foals, mules,
sheep, lambs, swine and hogs, pigs (sucking;)
Annato, roll and flag;
Antimony, viz: ore of, crude, regulus;
Aquafortis,
Argol,
Aristolochia,
Arsenic,
Ashes, viz :
pearl and pot, soap, weed, wood not enumerated;
Asphaltum, or bitumen judaicum.
Bacon,
Balsams, viz :
Canada, Copaiva, Peru, Riga, Tolu, balm of Gilead, and
enumerated balsam;
Bandstring twist,
Barilla,
Bark for tanners' or dyers' use;
" Cascarilla, Peruvian, of other sorts;
Bar wood,
Barytes, sulphate of (ground;)
Basket rods, peeled, unpeelcd;
Bast ropes, twines, and strands;
Beads and bugles, of glass;
«eef, salted, fresh, or slightly salted;
oeefwood,
5
H. Doc.3.68
Berries, bay, juniper, yellow, myrobalane;
„. t
. ,
unenumerated, commonly made use of in chemical processes -r
unenumerated, not commonly made use of in chemical processes*
Birds, viz : singing birds;
Blacking,
Blackwood,
Bones^fexcept whale fins,) whether burnt or not, or as animal charcoal;
Books, viz : being of editions printed prior to the year 1801, bound or
unbound;
Boracic acid,
Borax refined,
Borax or lineal, unrefined;
Bottles, of earth and stone;
Boxwood,
Bran,
Brass, powder of, old, fit only to be remanufactured;
" wire,
Brazil wood,
Brazilletto wood,
Bricks or clinkers, Dutch, other sorts;
Brimstone, unrefined;
refined in rolls;
"
"
in flour;
Bristles, rough and in the tufts, and not in any way sorted;
"
in any way sorted or arranged in colors, and not entirely rough/
and in the tufts;
Bronze, all works of art;
"
powder;
Brushes, paint;
Bullion and foreign coin of gold and silver,
Bullrushes,
Buttons of metal; other sorts.
Cables, (not being iron cables) tarred or untarred, old and new*
Cameos, not set;
Camomile flowers,
Camphor, unrefined, refined;
Camwood,
Candlewick,
Cannella alba,
Canes, viz:
bamboo, ratans, not ground, reed canea;
Canes, or sticks, unenumerated;
Cantharides,
Caoutchouc,
Cardamoms,
Carmine,
Carriages, of all sorts;
Casks, empty;
Cassia,^viz: buds;
fistula;
H. Doc. 3.
67
Castor,
Casts of busts, statues or figures;
Catlings,
Caviare,
Cedar wood,
Chalk, viz: unmanufactured, prepared or manufactured, and not otherwise enumerated;
Cherry wood,
Chicory, or any other vegetable matter applicable to the uses of chicory
or coffee, from and after 1st October, lb54;
China root,
Chip or willow, for platting;
Cider,
Cinnabaris nativa,
Citrate of lime,
Citric acid,
Citron, preserved with salt;
Civet,
Coals, culm, or cinders;
Cobalt, ore of, oxide of;
Cochineal, granilla, dust;
Cochinella wood,
Coir rope, twine and strands,
Colocynth,
Columbo root,
Copper, ore of, regulus of, old;
fit only to be remanufactured,
unwrought, viz: in bricks or pigs, rose copper, and all cast copper;
part wrought, viz: bars, rods or ingots, hammered or raised;
in plates and copper coin,
wire,
Copperas, blue, green, white;
Coral, viz:
beads,
in fragments, whole, polished, unpolished;
Cordage, tarred or untarred;
Cork,
Corks, fishermen's;
Cowries,
Cotton, manufactures, viz:
East India piece goods, viz: calicoes and muslins, white, dyed
or colored;
nankeens, not dyed or colored;
nankeens, dyed or colored;
handkerchiefs, dyed or colored;
manufactures, not being articles wholly or in part made up, not
otherwise charged with duty;
Cotton yarn;
Cranberries,
Crayons,
Cream of tartar,
gg
H. Doc. 3-
Crystal, viz: rough, cut or manufactured, (except beads;)
Cubebs,
.
Cucumbers, viz: preserved in salt*
Cutch.
Diamonds,
Divi Divi,
Down,
Drugs, not enumerated,
Ebony,
Elder-flower water,
Enamel,
#
Extract of chestnut bark or wood, quercitron bark, logwood, sofiiower
bark, or other vegetable substances to be used for tanning or otheT
manufacturing purposes.
Feathers, for beds, in beds or otherwise;
ostrich, undressed;
paddy-bird, undressed;
not otherwise enumerated, undressed;
Fisji, viz:
anchovies, cod, caplin, (eels, ship loads;)
" small quantities*
herrings, lobsters, mackerel, oysters;
salmon, soles, sounds and tongues, turbots*
turtle, fresh, not otherwise enumerated;
cured, not otherwise enumerated;
Flax, dressed,rough or undressed;
tow and codilla of;
Flock, for paper strainers;
Flocks,
Flower roots,
Frames, for pictures, prints, drawings or mirrors;
Furniture woods, not particularly enumerated, except ash,beech; birch/
elm, oak, wainscot*
Fustic.
Gallic powder,
Galls,
Gamboge,
Garancine,
Garnets, cut, not set*
uncut;
Gauze, of thread*
Gelatine,
-Gentian,
-Ginseng,
•Glass, viz:
any kind of window glass, white or stained, of one color 6tifi
and
from
H. Doc. 3.
69
Glass, viz:
#
plate glass, cast or rolled, of whatever thickness, whether silvered,
polished or rough;
painted,
white flint glass bottles, not cut, engraved or otherwise ornamented;
wine glasses, tumblers, and all other white flint-glass goods, not
cut, engraved or otherwise ornamented;
bottles of glass, covered with wicker (not being cut glass,) or of
green orcommon glass;
articles of green or common glass;
manufactures not otherwise enumerated or described, and old
broken glass, fit only to be remanufactured;
Glue, clippings or waste of any kind fit only for glue;
Gold, leaves of;
ore of, and ore of which the greater part in value is gold;
Grease,
Greaves, for dogs;
tallow;
Guano,
Gum, viz : animi, copal, arabic, Senegal, lac dye, seedlac, shellac, sticklac, ammoniacum, asafautida, enphorbium,* guiacum, kino, mastic,
tragacanth, unenumerated;
Gunpowder,
Gun stock?, in the rough;
of wood;
Gutta percha, unmanufactured;
Gypsum.
Hair, viz:
camePs hair or wool,
cow, ox, bull, or elk hair;
goat's hair or wool,
horse hair,
human,
unenumerated,
manufactures of hair or goat's wool, or of hair or goat's wool and
any other material, not particularly enumerated or otherwise
charged with duty;
Hams of all kinds,
Harp strings or lutestrings, silvered;
gay,
Heath for brashes,
Hellebore,
Hemp, viz: dressed,
rough or undressed,
tow and cod ilia of hemp,
jute, other %'egetable substances of the nature and quality of
undressed hemp, and applicable to the same purposes;
Hides, not tanned, tawed, curried, or in any way dressed;
dry,
wet,
70
H. Doc. 3.
Hides, ta$-ed, curried, or in any way dressed, not being varnished,
japanned, or enamelled;
if varnished, japanned or enamelled;
losh hides,
Muscovy or Russia hides, or pieces thereof, tanned, colored,
shaved or otherwise dressed;
hides or pieces thereof, raw or undressed, unenumerated;
in any way dressed, not otherwise enumerated;
tails, buffalo, bull, cow or ox;
tanned, not otherwise dressed;
Hones,
Honey,
Hoofs of cattle,
Horns, horn-tips and pieces of horn.
Ice,
Indigo,
Ink for printers,
Indian,
Inkle, unwrought;
wrought;
Ion, ore of;
bars unwrought,
wire,
rough castings,
bloom,
chromate of,
slit or hammered into rods,
cast,
hoops,
old broken and old cast iron,
Isinglass.
Jalap,
Jet,
Jewels, emeralds, and all other precious stones,
h unset;
Juice of lemons, limes, or oranges.
Kingwood.
Lampblack,
Lapis calaminaris,
Lard,
Latten,
shaven,
wire,
Lavender flowers,
Lead, ore of, black;
pig and sheet, red;
white, chromate of:
Leaves, of roses j
H. Doc. 3.
71
Leeches,
Lignumvitse,
Linen or linen and cotton manufactures, viz :
cambrics and latvns, commonly called French lawns, plain;
bordered handkerchiefs,
lawns of any sort, not French;
damasks,
damask diaper,
sails of all sorts,
plain linens and diaper, whether chequered or striped, with dyed
yarn or not;
manufactures ef linen, or of linen mixed with cotton or with
wool, not particularly enumerated or otherwise charged with
duty, not being articles wholly or in part made up;
Liquorice root, from and after 5th April, 1857;
Litharge,
Live creatures, illustrative of natural history;
Logwoo
Madder,
Madder root,
Magna Gra»cia ware,
Mahogany,
Manganese, ore of;
Manna,
Manures not enumerated,
Manuscripts,
Maps or charts, or parts thereof, plain or colored;
Maple wood,
Mats and matting,
Mattresses,
Mead, or metheglin; %
Meat, salted or fresh, not otherwise described;
preserved, or in any other way than salted
Medals, of gold or silver;
of any other sort;
Mercury, prepared;
Metal, bell;
leaf, not gold;
Minerals and fossils, unenumerated;
Models of cork or wood,
Moss, viz:
lichen, islandicus;
rock, for dyer's use;
other than rock or iceland moss;
Mother-o'.pearl shells,
Musk,
Myrrh.
Naphtha,
New Zealand wo
Nicaragua wood,
72
H. Doc. 3.
Nickel, ore of;
metallic and oxide of, refined;
arseniate of, in lumps or powder, being in an unrefined state;
Nitre, viz :
cubic nitre;
Nuts, viz:
chestnuts, cocoanuts, pistachio nuts, nuts and kernels of walnuts,
of peach-stones, and all nuts and kernels unenumerated, commonly used for expressing oil therefrom;
Nuts and kernels unenumerated.
Oakum,
Ochre,
Oil, of animal, castor, cocoantit, hempseed, lard, linseed, olive, palm,
paran, rapeseed, rock, rosin, seed unenumerated, train oil or blubber,
spermaceti or head matter, walnut, or spirits of turpentine, not particularly enumerated or described, nor otherwise charged with duty;
Oilseed cake,
Olibanum,
Olives,
Olive wood,
Orange-flower water,
Orange peel,
peel, lemon;
Orchal,
Ore unenumerated,
Orpiment,
Orris root,
Orsedew.
Painters' colors, unenumerated viz :
unmanufactured> ,
manufactured;
_
Palmetto thatch; manufactures ofParchment,
'
Partridge wood,
Pearls,
Pencils of slate,
Pencils,
"
not of slate;
Pens,
Perry,
Phosphorus,
Picturesand V e g e t a b l e s P r e s e r V e d in salt,
Pink-root.
Pitch,
PlLaPn^11'^
Plants, shrubs and trees, alive;
Plaster of Paris,
H. Doc. 3.
73
Plate, battered;
Platina, and ore of;
Pollard,
Pomegranates,
"
peel of;
Pork, salted (not hams;)
fresh,
Potatoes,
Pots, viz :
melting pots for goldsmiths;
ofstone;
Poultry and game,
alive or dead, including rabbits>
Prussiate of potash,
Purple wood.
Quicksilver,
Quills, viz :
goose,
swan.
Radix, contrayeme,
enulje campance,
eringii,
ipecacuanha,
rhatanio),
senekm,
serpentaria), or snake-root;
Rags, viz :
rags, old ropes, or junk, old fishing nets, fit only for making paper
or pasteboard;
woollen rags,
pulp of rags,
Rape of grapes,
Red wood, or Guinea wood;
Rhubarb,
Rice, viz :
dust for feeding cattle;
Rosewater,
Rosewood,
Ro?in.
Saccharum satumi,
Safllower,
Saffron,
Sal, viz : ammoniac, limonum, prunellee;
Salep, or salop;
Salt,
Saltpetre,
Sanguis draconis,
Santa Maria wood,
Sapan wood,
76
H. Doc. 3.
Sarsaparilla,
Sassafras,
Satin wood,
Saunders, viz: red, white, or yellow;
Sausages or juddings,
Seed^viz:'acorns, aniseed, beans, kidney or French, hurnet, canary,
carrot, clover, colchicum, cole, coriander, croton, cummin, dan,
flax, fenngreek, forest, garden unenumerated, grass seeds of all sorts,
hemp, leek, lentils, lettuce, linseed, lucerne, lupine, maw, millet,
mustard, onion, parsley, poppy, quince, rape, sessamum, shrub or
tree, tares, trefoil, worm; all seeds unenumerated, commonly used
for expressing oil therefrom; all other seeds not particularly enumerated or described, nor otherwise charged with duty;
Senna,
Ships, British ships or vessels entitled to be registered as such, not having been built in the United Kingdom;
Sumach,
Silk, viz:
knubs or husks of silk, and waste silk;
raw silk,
thrown silk, not dyed, singles;
tram,
organzine or crape,
dyed single or tram,
Silkworm gut,
Silver ore, or ore of which the greater part in value is silver;
Skins, furs, pelts, and tails, viz:
badger, undressed;
bear, undressed;
beaver, undressed;
cat, undressed;
chinchilla, undressed;
coney, undressed;
deer, undressed;
Indian, half dressed;
tanned, tawed, or in any way dressed;
dog, in the hair, not tanned, tawed, or in any way dressed;
dog fish, undressed;
elk, undressed;
ermine, undressed;
dressed;
fisher, undressed;
fitch, undressed;
fox, undressed;
fox-tails, undressed;
goat, raw or undressed;
tanned, tawed, or in any way dressed;
goose, undressed;
hare, undressed;
husse, undressed;
H. Doc. 3.
75
Skins, kangaroo, undressed;
kid, in the hair, undressed;
dressed;
and dyed or colored;
kolinski, undressed;
lamb, undressed, in the wool;
tanned or tawed;
and dyed or colored;
dressed in oil;
leopard, undressed;
lion, tiudressed;
lynx, undressed;
marten, undressed;
marten-tails, undressed,
minx, undressed;
dressed;
mole, undressed;
musquash, undressed;
nutria, undressed;
otter, undressed;
ounce, undressed;
panther, undressed;
pelts, undressed;
tanned, tawed, or in any way dressed;
raccoon, undressed;
sable, undressed;
sabletails or tips, undressed;
seal, in the hair, not tanned, tawed, or in any way dressed;
sheep, undressed in the wool;
tanned or tawed;
dressed in oil;
squirrel or calabar, undressed;
tawed;
squirrel-tails, undressed;
swan, undressed;
tiger, undressed;
wensel, undressed;
wolf, undressed;
tawed;
wolverings, undressed;
Skins and furs, or pieces of skins and furs, unenumerated, viz:
raw or undressed,
tanned, tawed, curried, or in any way dressed; articles
manufactured of skins and furs;
Smalts,
Specimens of minerals or fossils,
illustrative of natural history;
Speckled wood,
Spectacles,
Spelter or zinc, crude, in cakes, rolled, but not otherwise manufactured;
oxide, and white of;
rods for bolts;
76
H. Doc. 3.
Spermaceti,
Sponge,
Squills, dried;
not dried;
Stavesacre, f
Stearine, after the 5th April, 1858;
Steel, unwrought;
scrap;
Stones, viz:
stone in lumps, not in any manner hewn;
slate, in rough blocks or slabs;
hewn;
marble, in rough blocks or slabs;
sawn into slabs or otherwise manufactured;
limestone,
asphalt rock,
flint,
felspar and stones for potter's use,
pebble,
for lithography,
in blocks, shaped or rough scalped;
millstone, rough, shaped or hewn;
burrstones, rough, shaped, or hewn;
queenstones,rough, shaped, or hewn;
dogstones, rough, shaped, or hewn;
Straw or grass for plaiting,
Sulphur impressions,
Sweet-wood.
Talc,
Tallow, vegetable;
Tamarinds,
Tar,
Barbadoes;
Tarras,
Tartaric acid,
Teasles,
Teeth, viz: elephants', sea cow, sea-horse, or sea-morse;
Telescopes,
Terra, viz: japonica, sienna, verde, umbra;
Thread, not otherwise enumerated or describedTiles,
Tin, ore, and regulus of;
in blocks, ingots, bars, or slabs;
Tobacco pipes, of clay;
Tongues,
Tornsal,
Tortoise or turtle shell, unmanufactured:
Truffles,
Tulip woodj
Turmeric,
H. Doc.
3.
79
Turpentine,
of Vcnice, Scio, or Cyprus;
Twine.
Ultramarine.
Valonia,
Vannelloes,
Varnish,
not otherwise described;
Vases, viz: ancient, not of stone or marble;
Vegetables, all not otherwise enumerated, or described, preserved in saltj
Vellum,
Verdigris,
Veijuice,
Vermillion.
Wafers,
Walnut wood,
Water, mineral;
Wax, viz: bleached, unbleached, myrtle, sealing, vegetable)
Weld,
Whale fins,
Whip cord,
Wire, viz:
gilt or plated,
silver,
Woad,
Wood, viz:
staves not exceeding 72 inches in length, nor ? inches in breadth>
nor 3} inches in thickness;
birch and fir, hewn, nor exceeding 3 feet in length, nor exceeding
8 inches square, imported for the sole purpose of making herring barrels for the use of the fisheries;
fire-wood, of and from British possessions, the fathom of 216 cubic
feet;
hoops,
teak,
waste wood, viz: billet wood or brush wood, used for the purpose
of stowage;
for ship building, viz: stringy bark, red and blue gum, greenheart,
mora, and locust woods, and woods formerly admitted at the
same duty as teak;
treenails of stringy bark, red and blue gum, and locust woods, and
all treenails ol and from British possessions;
shovel hilts,
Wool, viz :
alpaca and the llama tribe,
beaver,
"
cut and combed,
coney wool,
cotton wool;
78
H. Doc. ,2.
Wool, viz:
cotton wool and waste of cotton wool,
goat's wool or hair,
hare's wool,
sheep or lamb's wool,
Woolens, viz :
.
manufactures of wool (not being goat's wool) or of wool mixed
with cotton, not particularly enumerated and not otherwise
charged with duty.
Yarn, cable yarn, camel or mohair, raw linen;
*
of silk and worsted spun together, and not dyed;
worsted yarn,raw, not dyed or only partially dyed,and not being
fit or proper for embroidering or other fancy purposes;
Yeast, dried.
Zaffre,
Zebra wood.
Goods not being either in part or wholljr manufactured, not enumerated
or described nor otherwise charged with duty, and not prohibited to be
imported into or used in Great Britain or Ireland.
FRANCE.
Pish, (Fr. F.)
India rubber
Oils, (Fr. F )
Preserved meats.
BELGIUM.
Animals.
Borax,
Brass coins
Cobalt,
Chalk.
Manures,
Mineral waters.
Fish and oils, (Bel. F.)
Pictures.
Statues,
Specimens in natural history,
Salt, (Bel. man.)
H. Doc. 3
PORTUGAL.
Animals*
Fodder,
Fruits.
Hides and skins,
Metals.
Ores.
Rice.
Sugar, (Coll.)
BRAZIL.
Bullion.
Gold and silver coin.
Machines.
Printed books, (foreign languages.)
Raw materials for nat. man.
AUSTRIA-
Animals,
Ashes.
Beehives.
Coals.
Earths for manufacture.
Manures,
Minerals.
Ores.
Preserved fruits.
Spelter.
spAirf
Fish, (Sp. F.)
80
H. Doc. ,2.
Gold an<* silver, (coins .and m.)
Platina.
Oils, (Sp. P.)
RUSSIA.
Ashes, wood.
Bark, tanners';
Barometers,
Books, in sheets;
Bricks,
Bristles.
Canes for weavers,
Cards, playing;
Cement,
Coals,
Charts,
Clay and earths for manufacture,
Clocks, (astron.)
Coins and medals,
Curiosities, (natural,)
Coral,
Cotton wool,
Crucibles.
Down, (hair,)
Engravings in sheets*
Fish,
Forage and fodder.
Garnets, (rough,)
Glass, (opt. instru.)
Hair, (horse, unmanufactured;)
Hides and skins, (raw;)
Horns,
Horses, (breed.)
Loadstones.
vMagnets,
Metals,
Microscopes,
Mosaics) unmounted;
Music in sheets.
H. Doc 2
81
Ores.
Rags,
Roots.
Seeds,
Silk, (raw.)
Trees and shrubs,
Teasels,
Thermometers*
Wood, (fire and hoops.)
CUBA.
Bon*bons.
Coals.
Engines for estates.
Horses, breed.
Ice,
Iron and copper clarifiers,
Iron and copper castings.
Machinery for estates
Molasses tanks.
Ploughs.
Sugar kettles and bars.
G E R M A N Y — Z O L L VERE1N.
Cotton,
Flax and hemp, raw;
Wool, raw or combed;
Cocoons,
Aloes, nut galls, bucks-horn, berries, turmeric, bark, safflower, sumac,
weld, alkanetroot, kcrmes, barberry wood and barberry roots,
terra japonica, cochineal, valonia, flea-bane, catechu, gum-arabic,
scupgal and iragacanth, indigo, lac-dye, and all leaves and roots
used in dying or tanning; salep;
Resins of all kinds, (including turpentine,) raw or refined;
Lemon juice in casks,
All dyewoods in sticks,
Olive oil in casks, for manufacturing purposes;
Saltpetre, or nitrate of soda or potash, crude or refined, brimstone, tartar,
copper ashes;
82
H. Doc. ,2.
Ores of all kinds and earths not especially provided for, viz: Armenian
hole, pumice-stone, blood-stone, manganese, yellow, green and red
earth; rawfluor-spar,lime and gypsum, sparry-gypsum, raw chalk,
loam, marl, ochre, red chalk, sand and gravel, emery, bar}'te in pieces,
clay of all kinds, tripolis, umbra, alquifon, meerschaum, unmanufactured;
Freestone, bricks, slate, grindstones without iron hoops, common whetstones, tuf, tras;
Boxwood, cedar-wood, rock-wood, and all unmanufactured wood, the
growth of oiher than European countries, used for joiners' or turners'
works;
Wood and timber of all kinds, if imported by land;
Reeds of all kinds, unmanufactured; cocoanuts;
Horns, horn-tips, bones, hoofs, hornj)lates and raw-bone plates, Ivory and
other animal teeth, shells, motherV-pearl, toEtoise-shell, whalebones;
Bark of the cork tree, unmanufactured;
India rubber in bottles or sheets, or otherwise unmanufactured; gutta
percha unmanufactured;
Hides, raw, whether dried, salted or pickled, used for tanning;
Tan,
Sheep, lamb, goat, hare, and rabbit skins;
Animal hairs,
Teasels,
Rags, of whatever material;
Brown coal, turf charcoal, wood ash, pit coal ash, tan cakes, (for fuel;)
Animals not otherwise provided for, poultry, fresh fishes and crabs;
UOAHLKAM
Beehives,
with Vbees;
Milk,
Animal and other manures, viz: buck ash, brown salt, guano, &c.:
Grass, green food, hay and hay seed:
Kjuaw , untax,
Fresh fruits,
CHILI,
Animals,
Anchors.
Charts and maps,
Cochineal.
H. Doc. 2.
Fish, (Oh. P.)
Gold and silver coins,
Gunpowder.
Minerals,
Music, printed.
Printing apparatus,
Pictures and statues.
NETHERLANDS.
Ashes, wood;
Brimstone.
Coals,
Cotton-wool.
Earths, for manufacturings
Fish, (N. F.)
Gold and silver coins,
Glass, broken;
Ginger.
Iron, (old.)
Manures,
Madder.
Pictures and statues,
Precious stones, (unset;)
Platina,
Rags.
Seeds,
Specimens of art and science,
Tar and pitch,
Train oil.
Wool, unmanufactured.
HANSE TOWNS
Bullion.
Coins,
Coals,
Copper nails and plat©.
g4
H. Doc.
linen
\ Goods.
Linen and cotton 3
Metals for bells,
Metals, yellow sheathing.
Oil cake,
OS, (sperm.)
Potatoes,
Printed books, (foreign languages^)
Printed music,
Printed cards.
Rags.
pelter.
Tin,
Twist.
Wheat and oats,
Wool and yarns
NORWAT.
Animals,
Agricultural implements.
Bones,
Books, (printed in foreign languages;)
Brimstone.
Chalk,
Charcoal.
Engines,
Engravings.
Gold and silver, (coin and bullion.)
Hemp,
Hay and fodder,
Horns,
Hides and skins.
Ivory.
Music, printed;
Models*
Oil cake.
Pearls and peastones, unset:
Plants and shrubs.
H. Doc- 2.
Straw.
Turf.
Wood, (ship timber, pine, and oak;)
Wood, cedar.
MEXICO.
Animals,
Agricultural apparatus.
Bricks,
Books.
Charts,
Coal.
Earths, for manufacture.
Gold and silver coin.
Mercury,
Models and plans,
Machinery, all kinds*
Printers' ink,
Plants and treesRags.
Seeds,
Scientific apparatus,
Specimens in natural history,
Ship timber.
Wool cards and wire.
SWEDEN.
Agates,
Alabaster,
Amber,
Angelica-root.
Bark,
Brimstone,
Bast ropes and mats,
Bones,
Bees,
Birds,
Books, (foreign languages.)
Cotton,
Coral,
Cards,
Coals,
Cork,
Clay,
Chalk,
China,
Coins.
H Doc 2.
86
Fish,
Feathers.
Globes*
Gold.
Horns.
India rubber.
Jewels.
Lasts.
Maps and charts.
Oars,
Oil cake*
Pearls,
Precious stones,
Plants, trees, and shrubs.
Rags.
Silks, (unmanufactured;)
Sand.
Tonqua beans,
Teasels.
Wagons,
Wood, all kinds.
M.
Report on the bounty allouaiiccs to fishing vessels.
W A S H I N G T O N , D . C « , November 2 0 , 1 S 5 3 .
SIR : On the eighth of October last I received official instructions to
proceed on a tour of inspection through tlie collection districts of New
England. In the performance of that service, it became my duty to
inquire into the practical operation of the bounty allowances to fishing
vessels, and to ascertain how far the revenue boats employed in each district were necessary for the protection of the revenue, or useful, as a
means of preventing the frauds alleged to be practised by fishermen.
You were pleased to request that I would communicate to the department whatever facts I might obtain, together with such views oil the
subject as the examination might suggest. In compliance with that
request, I have the honor to submit the following statement.
_ The annexed table exhibits the number and tonnage of enrolled
licensed vessels, and vessels licensed under twenty tons, engaged in the
cod and mackerel fishery in each district of the United States, duringtiie
year ending 30th June, 1852.
Tables exhibiting the condition of the fisheries, from the origin of the
government up to that date, will be found in the report on the fisheries
accompanying the Teport of the Secretary of the Treasury for 1851-2, and
in Andrews's report on the British North American Colonies, printed by
order of the Senate, in August, 1852,
H. Doc. 3.
87
The bounties paid to fishing vessels from 1S10 to 1S52, were as follows :
.1841, for the preceding year
$355,140 01
do
1848
do
235,613 07
1S43
do
do
169,932 38
1S.11
do
do
249,074 25
m
m
do
1S45
do
2S9,S40 07
IS 16
do
do
274,942 98
m
IS 17
do
do
276,429 38
ISIS
do
do
243,432 23
m
1S49
do
do
2S7,603 77
is.™
do
do
286,783 75
_
1S51
328,265 04
do
do
1S52
300,976 41
do
do
„
•
„
Total for 12 years
-
3,29S,03S 34
The requirements of the original act of February 16, 1792, changing
the drawback on the exportation of codfish to a bounty on tonnage,
and of all subsequent acts regulating the bank or other cod fisheries, are
embraced in the circular to collectors of February 20, 1852, which also
embraces a careful synopsis of the existing regulations prescribed by the
Treasury Department, during a series of years past, for the execution of
the laws on that subject.
In order to present a comprehensive view of the abuses existing under
this system of bounties, it will be necessary to refer in detail to the
means adopted for their prevention and detection.
1. To entitle a vessel to bounty, an agreement must be made before
sailing, between the master and crew, and endorsed by the owner or
agent, specifying the share of each man. The object of this provision
is to encourage an interest in the result of the voyage, and prevent the
owners from depriving the crew of the benefit of bounty, by engaging
them at a fixed compensation. Whatever importance may be attached
to it, as a means of protection to the owners, it is practically of very little
avail to the crew in the distribution of bounty allowances.
2. Three-fourths of the crew are required, under the act of 1817, to be
American citizens. Previous to that act, there was no restriction on the
subject of citizenship ; the entire crew might be foreign subjects. If
the fishery has operated as a nursery for American seamen, it has not
been in consequence of any law passed prior to 1S17,
3. An examination of each vessel is required to be made by the
proper officer of the customs, in order to determine whether she is furnished with the necessary outfit for the fishery. Such examinations
are generally understood to be matters of form. The practice among
officers of the customs is, to board the vessel before she sails, and report
in accordance with the information received from the captain. The
general feeling is, that if fishermen choose to go to sea without a proper
outfit, it is their own business and not that of the government; and if the
crew suffer any hardship or loss from the neglect or cupidity of the
owners, they have their remedy in law. It would be difficult to find a
single case in which a fishing vessel hag been prevented from going to
sea, or delayed, on account of her outfit.
4. Regular journals or log-books, containing the daily catch of the
88
H. Doc. ,2.
crew, the date of sailing, the ports entered, and date of return, are required
to
w be
ue kept, and sworn to by the captain, as proof before the collector.
If every claimant who'testified under oath to the legality of his claim
could be depended upon, there would be no occasion for such a complexity of forms. It is well known to officers of the customs that but
little importance is attached to an oath by this class of men in thoir dealings with the custom-house. Many of these journals or log-books are
made up after the voyage, without reference to time lost or fraudulently
employed, and are duly sworn to as authentic records. Nearly every
officer of the customs, from Eastport to New Bedford, informs me that
this is a practice which they find it very difficult to guard against, and
their concurrent testimony justifies the belief that such frauds are of froflllotlt occurrence.
quent
5. Vessels, to be entitled to bounty, must be exclusively cmnloyrd in
taking codfish to be dried, or dry-cured, during the aggregate period
required by law, and a certificate to that effect must he sulwcribrd by
the claimant and sworn or affirmed to before the collector. A license
for codI fishing may-be changed to a mackerel or other license during
the fishmg season but the aggregate time in the cod fishing must bS
made up by a subsequent change. Any violation of this provision
er t b a a
anv kinVTrfa'of
codfish, or Carrying i„«0 ma kft fi'l o
any kmd in a green state, forfeits the claim to bounty • vet so common
effect has U
daim7orbonCn^S 't h L t ft h i f i s^h e n n e n t hI e m e h e sP ^ W U S g h
S t h e f Z T 1 f, . ^
f " ^arcely pre.end todismade e v e ^ h v7 Sfiif^ PISa n n ,ff ntlt , e, SC^u s t 0 ma sw af ro er n^applications
arc
ew
S o n a l b o a ^ P n n ° 1 ° 8 °1 , !,
revenue boats,
t h e S t e S " ® "
allowances for repairs, ail based upon
3rd
h e s e f i S vessels T h e ^ l ^ ' f tth cS ",
"P0" »ho movemeuts of
do ar,llle
tain all the Etters that
P
»' can scarcely confishing dSri?i^ b S from t W , V e d ' n 0 t - 0 , l l y f r o m t h e collector. In the
the s S S ^ ^ ^ f ^m ^ s ^ , ^ " ^ " - d governors of
ers, and u n W /
committed by fishermen and oth-.
the only means of affordin*
, , s a n d r e v e »«e stations, as
great r e V c t a b i l i f y o f h e V S 2 ^ . ^ 8 ° W m , n e b t - W , " l e 1 t , 1 C
thC,r
high and honorable positioned S e zeal ihirh
1 iey
toting the treasury, ire amplv sufficLt J "Ustlf
v the .manifest
m probelief ,hat ,liere
is great abuse, yet a d i S n c e of ntiL J
y,
remedy. By referencedto . L i
opimon may be excused as to the
the fishing districts foim
* ^
^
nes, such as it would be d i S , ^ B , • b a y s ' l s l a n d s a n d promonto.
The shores L se fled c h S b v K 10 & n y 0 l h e r Part o f
world,
bound together by a coonnon inter^t ^ ^ s ' n?ind
season when halibut and other fiesh S h l l ; e g e d , U i a t d u r i "S t h e
cod fishing licenses, run in and Hi™? ? 1 1 d e n j a n d » vessels, under
re h fish
about the shores and S L ^ ' ^ B ' f i l
*
> <* ™ c h o r
dis
covery. The crew are Sua l ^ i n S
-Ing' W U h o u t
*
the result
the law; and the communkfto^hnmt? u
'
ig"ora„t of
stder it fair and proper to X a d v a n ^ ? ^ a C t l c e s a r e ^n.iliar, conhonomble to b e i e informers In „ £ ? Ct ahrer ySo ou mt ™ > < > *ni disof the law, therefore, a laSe ^ n u S
* * requirements
S annual ex asQ
'
^
»s incurred in keeping up
H. Doc. 3.
89
a system of revenue boats, which is deemed to be a warning to fishermen that they run a chance of being detected in their fraudulent practices. These boats are from eight to ten ton3 burden, and require two
seamen to navigate them, at a compensation of $25 to $30 a month. A
cook is sometimes added to prepare food for these seamen; and in view
of any neglect of duty on their part, an inspector of customs at §3 a day
is put on board, as captain or chief officer. Of course, it depends very
much upon the honesty of the inspector how much benefit government
derives from the tour of inspection. In bad weather they are not absent
long; but in fine weather, when the fishing is good, they are frequently
absent for weeks. That these boats ever succeed in detecting fraud, or
causing any serious apprehension of detection on the part of fishermen,
is at least doubtful. Rumors of such events are sometimes current, but
they can always be traced to those wild traditions which prevail in fishing communities. For the prevention of smuggling, the revenue cutters stationed at Boston, Portland and Eastport, with the aid of a few
small boats, would be sufficient; and, with all respect for those respectable authorities already referred to, I cannot but think that this large
boat service is a greater abuse than any committed by the fishermen
At all events, it is quite as demoralizing in its tendency, and encourages
an evil of still greater magnitude—that of unnecessarily extending the
patronage of the government.
6. When satisfactory proof has been presented to the collector that
the requirements of the law have been fulfilled in good faith, the following allowance is to be made:
To each vessel measuring more than five and not exceeding thirty
tons, $3 50 per ton.
To each vessel measuring more than thirty tons, $1 per ton.
To each vessel above thirty tons, and with crews not less than ten
persons, and having been exclusively employed in the cod fishery three
and one-half calendar months, $3 50 per ton.
Whatever advantages the owners may derive from the allowance, it is
greatly to be feared that the actual fishermen seldom, if ever, receive
any portion of it, either directly or indirectly. It may be argued that,
even if the owners receive all the money, the fishermen are equally benefited in the end by larger shares in the proceeds of the voyage. This
might be the case, if owners were always honest; but all who are familiar
with the dealings between that class of men and the seamen from whose
labors their profits are derived, must be aware that an advantage gained
by the one does not necessarily benefit the other. Even the strongest
advocates of the bounty allowance admit that the seamen, for whose
benefit it is designed, are usually cheated out of their share. The late
assistant collector of Boston, who is thoroughly acquainted with these
patters, states, in an official report to the Treasury Department, dated
January 7, 1S52, that, "notwithstanding all the vigilance of the officers
of the revenue, it is quite doubtful if the actual fishermen now derive
m
uch if any benefit from the large sums annually paid out of the treasury for fishing bounties." He ardently desires to cherish this branch
°f industry, and strongly urges the continuance of the bounties, but reeoininends a revision of the existing regulations, so that the crews, for
whose benefit the allowance is designed, may obtain an equitable share.
But, in any view, admitting the alleged abuses to be either true or not true,
^kat haa been the result of these bounty allowances for the past sixty
90
H. Doc. ,2.
years? At the very foundation of the government the subject was fully
discussed. Fisher Ames, in a debate in the 1st Congress, spoke of the
cod fishery as "a very momentous concern; it forms a nursery for our
seamen." And again: " unless some extraordinary measures are taken
to support our fisheries, I do not see what is to prevent their inevitable
ruin;" "they are very poor; they are in a sinking state; they curry on
their businesss in despair." Mr. Elbridge Gerry even threatened that,
unless patronized by Congress, our fishermen would be compelled to
move to some other country, where they could prosecute their business
under protection of government. He spoke of the fishery as " a nursery
for seamen," and said it was "with extreme difficulty it continued its existence. In consequence of these representations, Congress granted liberal bounties, and, with the exception of a few years, these bounties
have been allowed ever since. What has been the effect? The MarDlenead fishermen ol the present day state, in their memorial to Congress, that, even with the aid and protection thus afforded, and an uninterrupted continuance of peace forthe last thirty years, many individuals
^filTf" j ° intSt0 t Ck comPanies, with theircapital solely invested in it, have,
fhP flLtirarS tr ' aI ° f t h e b u s i n e s s > abandoned it, as not afford!.,? in
I n J l f l T , 8 l T g r e t u r n / r t h e caP'fcl ^ d labor employed." They
Sklhat r l a n c h ° l y , e r m s o f th.e f i n i n g condition of the fishery, anS
S v m p V n 1 0 e',1J0?,the P^cction of government, as the
n v ? fn hi! l
T \ n $ a V a I l l a b l e n u r s e f y f o r seamen." Mr. Sabine
G l a b
S t of L
° r f e r"P°rt o n l h e ^herics, accompanying the
aTve™ m l f l n e / a r y ° f t h e Trea ® Ur y f o r lS5l-'2,tlmt the fisheries
d f n S o S n n t. a f -f nUrf?r?: f o r s c a n i e » ; that they are in a dopiMecfion^f eovprnm V T l d ^ r u i n ,° u s t o withdraw from them the
^ K T S W
?.C r e f e r 8 , t 0 t l , c s P c c c h e s "fFi^ter Ames and
markable coinriHpn^
J!! 3 a n d } B o ^
There certainly is a refisherieswe^^e tpTd y d^clTn7n^ifnS9rom
^
l ^ I s
^
h ch
h
the exception of K t S y e a T s V J h ^ Z * 0" ™ *recc
-' m JT 0 ?',b W
o u"n
ties from government;^Lnfnow 111
inVsS .t "
. "S
;
decline. Thi, ,=
' i b ] i > l h e y are in Die ast stage of
Havin? thu S J S J ^ J® l e a S t Iemark able part of the coincidcnc°e.
of
regulations p^escrib^d^
the fishery and die
the
ing laws, it will be w p I I L L L . - u
execution of the existby refere cc f
taken p l Z f r o m L ^ T
,
" ° the legislation which
t h , s Sllb cct
original o b E o f S S S S K L S T
j > what was really the
aU WaDC
expedient or constitutLnaf
°
^ a n d t 0 w h a t ^tent they are
ofttenJeln I f f
i^ clenH^^f
^ lhc
y dem 0llslraled
bounty allowed on fith l L f ,
that the exportation
ac
a commutation oTdrawback of ihp
* of 17B9, was designed as
to all other k i X o f
s
riS nl. c
2o =
dUly
°,n
saIt
>
wllich
applied equally
f
a
n
e I a b o r a l c revietf
«
c
passed Jul t n L
B v f h ? ! ^ ^ dulies, o n
imports, was
was laid on i i ^ « e d sall t J f fCU°n> a d u t y o( s i * cents a bushel
fish, and fift^^ts^r oninHl
Ie-C1"iS La b a r r e l o n ^porfed pickled
7 cents per quintal on dried fish.
Section 4th of same act
H. Doc. 3.
91
allowed, in lieu of a drawback of the duty on the salt used in curing the
fish, five cents a quintal on dried fish, five cents a barrel on pickled fish,
and five cents a barrel on salted provisions of the United States, exported
to any other country. The next act, passed August 4, 1790, prescribes,
in the 57th, 5Sth and 59th sections, the manner of making exportation
of articles entitled to drawback, showing exportation to be necessary before bounty on fish and on salted beef and pork, in lieu of drawback, can
be paid. Act of August 10,1790, making further provision for the payment of the debts of the United Stales, doubled the duty on salt, and
at the same time doubled the bounty, in lieu of drawback on fish and
provisions. The next act, passed February IS, 1792, is important as the
original act by which the foreign system of tonnage bounty was adopted.
It changed exportation bounty to an allowance on the tonnage of vessels
employed in the bank and cod fisheries. As early as 1790, the fishermen of Massachusetts petitioned the legislature of the State to ask the
aid of Congress in favor of their pursuit, and the general court of Massachusetts made representations in accordance with these petitions. Congress referred the matter to Mr. Jefferson, the Secretary of State, for a
report; and Mr. Jefferson, on the 2d of February, 1792, reported against
adopting the foreign systems of bounties and premiums ; showing the
advantages enjoyed by ourfishermenover all competitors, and expressing
his conviction that it was not constitutional for " the fisheries to draw
support from the treasury." Act of May 2,1792, altered and reduced the
standard of the bushel of salt, substituting a weighed bushel of 56 pounds,
for a measured bushel of eighty-four pounds, and increased the fishing
allowance in the same proportion, liy the subsequent act of July S,
1792, the duty on salt was increased by eight cents a bushel, making a
corresponding increase in the bounties and allowances to fishing vessels.
March 2, 1799, an act was passed increasing the bounty on the exportation of pickled fish and salted provisions. The act of April 12, 1S00,
continued former acts, laying duties on salt and granting bounties and
allowances on exported provisions and pickled fish, and the tonnage allowance to vessels in the cod fishery; with a proviso against continuing
the additional allowances a longer time than the corresponding duties
were payable, in consequence of which they were granted.
Mr. JefTcrson, in his annual message of December 2, 1S06, recommended the repeal of the salt tax, on the ground that the duties comprising the Mediterranean fund would cease by law at the end of the
session, and with it should cease the impost on salt. In conformity with
this recommendation, was passed the act of March 3, 1807, repealing the
salt duty, and at the same time all the bounties on the exportation of
salted provisions and pickled fish, and all the allowances to fishing vessels. It will thus be seen, that from 17S9 to 1S07 all legislative action
on this subject had direct reference to the revenue, and that all measures
passed by Congress granting allowances to fishing vessels were strictly
revenue measures. Nothing whatever is saidiabout creating a nursery
for seamen in any of these acts.
During the period of six years, from 1S07 to 1813, there was no salt
tax in the United States, and no bounties or allowances on the exportation of provisions or fish, or to fishing vessels. An attempt to revive the
doty on salt, and the corresponding bounties, was made in 1814; but it
was not till two years afterwards that an act was passed for that purpose.
92
H.Doc., 2 .
The act of July 29, 1813, revived the duty on salt at twenty cents a
bushel of fifty-six pounds, and restored the fishing bounties and allowances without restoring the exportation bounty on salted beef and pork.
Previous to this date, the beef and pork interests stood upon the same
footing with the fisheries, and were equally favored by legislation as
nurseries for seamen. This act is still in force, with the exception of the
amount of the allowances. It was a temporary war and revenue measure, and had no reference to seamen. The act of February U, lbib,
continues in force that of 1813, and was passed on the recommendation
of Mr. Lowndes, as one of the means of extinguishing the public debt.
In 1818, the finance committee of the Senate, in reply to a resolution of
that body, reported against the expediency of repealing this act, on the
fround that the tax on the salt, amounting to §800,000 per annum, after
educting bounties and allowances, could not be spared from the revenue. A similar attempt was made in the House of Representatives
during the same session, and was equally unsuccessful. The first act
which made any provision on the subject of American citizenship, m
connexion with the fisheries, was that of March 1, 1817, which required
the owner and three fourths of the crew to be citizens of the United
States, or persons not subjects of any foreign prince or state. There was
no prohibition against all being foreigners previous to that date. The
act of March 3,1819, increased the allowances of bounty, and shortens
the fishing season. The act of May 26, 1S21, provides that vessels exclusively employed at sea in the cod fishery the full time required to
entitle them to bounty, and afterwards wrecked, may obtain bounty upon
proper evidence of the fact being transmitted to the Comptroller of th®
Treasury for his decision. Under the act of March 3,1819, this duty is
transferred to the Commissioner of Customs.
This sketch shows the connexion that has always existed between the
salt tax and the bounty system since the origin of the federal government. It has already been shown from the evidence furnished by the
advocates of the fishing interests, that in 1789 the fisheries were tepidly
declining, and it is now admitted that they are barely able to exist. The
only reasonable inference is, that the money paid by government to sustain them has not had the desired effect. So well convinced was Mr.
Walker, when Secretary of the Treasury, of the impolicy of this tax upon
salt and the bounty system founded upon it, that in his annual report of
December, 1845, he recommended that salt should be placed among the
list of free articles. He stated that a large portion of the duty was exhausted in heavy expenses of measuring, and in large sums for fishing
bounties and allowances, both which expenditures would fall with a
repeal of the duty, and therefore it could cause no considerable reduction
of the revenue. He further contended that salt, being one of the necessaries of life, should be as free from tax as air or water; that it is largely
used by farmers and planters, and a tax upon it operates most oppressively upon the poor, not only in the use of the article itself, but as combined with salted provisions.
In conformity with this recommendation, a bill was introduced in the
Senate in 1846, for the repeal of the duty on salt. While this bill was
pending, Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, presented a memorial signed by
three hundred and twelve ship owners and fishermen of Marblehead
against the repeal of the salt tax or the discontinuance of the bounty
H. Doc. 3.
93
allowances, chiefly basing the claim upon the ground that the fishermen
of Marblehead had rendered signal service to the country during the revolutionary struggle, and also in the war of 1S13. The memorialists
stated that the fisheries were in a declining condition, and that without
this aid from Congress they could not compete with foreigners, and a
great injury would be inflicted upon them by the repeal of the law.
Whether such appeals as this from the owners of vessels to whom the
bounty h naid, are to be regarded as offering any legitimate reason why
a law oppressive and vurdensome to other classes of the community
should be continued, remains for Congress to decide. The agricultural
population were not backward during the revolutionary war, yet they do
not ask to be rewarded by bounties for their services.
Mr. Benton stated, in the course of the debate, that the business
which received bounty from the treasury was in a declining state, while
every branch of business left to its own exertions was in a flourishing
conditioif; that this interest employed but a small proportion of tonnage,
compared with the tonnage employed in other branches of trade—not
more than half the amount possessed by the whalers—those "who double
Cape Horn, and go to a distance of twenty thousand miles from any
port that they can call their own—who make three years' voyages, and
are all that time employed in killing the monsters of the deep." While
he would admii a degree of merit in those engaged in the river and coast
fisheries, and in the mackerel and cod fisheries, yet they were far below
the whalers in point of numbers. Mr. Fairfield, of Maine, advocated the
principles embodied in the memorial, and stated, as the reason whybounty was not allowed to whalemen, that none was needed; the business was lucrative, and large fortunes had been accumulated in it. # On
the 4th of April of the same session, a debate on the same subject took
place in the House of Representatives, and the same general reasons
were urgrd in favor of continuing the bounty system. The bill eventually failed; and no attempt to repeal the salt duty has since been made.
From the tenor of these debates, as reported in the Congressional
G obe and Appendix, it will be seen that this claim to bounty allowances
ibased, first, upon the services rendered by fishermen during tho
revolutionary war and the war of 1813; and, secondly, upon the plea
that the fisheries are still in a declining condition, and upon the alleged
necessity of fostering them by legislative aid as a nursery for American
seamen. The opposition contend that other classes of the community
have rendered equal service to the country; that it is not constitutional
to pay out of the public treasury a bounty upon occupation as a reward
to one interest at the expense of others, and that a measure which is not
constitutional in itself cannot be made so by any collateral advantages
that may arise from it. But apart from the question of propriety, it is
deemed inexpedient to grant bounties. All experience shows that instead of operating as an encouragement to seamen, this system of rewards has militated against the prosperity of the fisheries, and consequently diminished the usefulness which has been claimed for them as
a nursery of seamen.
The nations of Europe afford some striking illustrations of the depressing effects of the bounty system. For more than two centuries the
British herring fishery was encouraged by the most extravagant bounties,
and it never succeeded in getting into a healthy state till it was left to
H. Doc. 2.
94
In 1789 the duties were remitted upon salt, and a
the British government could not sustain such an abuse. A similar fate
attended the company formed in 1S0S; and such has always been t ie
result where government has adopted the principle of encouraging the
fisheries by premiums and bounties. The advocates of iho syj*®1?
cling to it on the ground that it fosteis a nursery for seamen. I nis
argument is equally fallacious. By making a mere lottery adventure
out of what would otherwise be a steady and reliable pursuit, it encourages habits of idleness, diminishes the proceeds of the voyage, and depresses the condition of the actual fisherman for whose benefit the
bounty is designed.
The effects of the system have been equally disastrous in the whale
fishery. Between 1750 and 17S8 the bounties paid by the British government for the encouragement of the northern whale fishery amounted
to <$1,577,935; and from 1789 to 1824 more than a million pounds sterling—being upwards of two and a half millions expended in bolstering
up this branch of industry. (See Mcpherson's Annals of Commerce,
vol. 3, p. 511, and vol. 4, p. 530.) It has been estimated that had the
same amount of money been laid out as capital in any ordinary employment, it would have produced .£125,000 a year of net profit, or ^25,000
more than the total value of the produce of the fishery, without allowing
anything for the capital wasted and the ships lost in carrying it on.
(McCulioch's Die. Com., p. 1410.)
The same has been the result oi the system as applied to the Dutch
fisheries. All attempts t o sustain them by bounties and other artificial
contrivances have signally failed. Government has spent millions of
money in reducing them to final ruin. An appearance of prosperity has
sometimes been created, temporarily, but no branch of industry can be
permanently sustained by legislative encouragement. Whatever prosperity may apparently be attained, under such circumstances, must necessarily be factitious.
The experience of the French government has not reversed the principle. Since the revolutionary war, which destroyed the French fishery,
high bounties have been granted by government, especially to vessels
engaged in the sperm fishery; but this encouragement has failed to produce the desired result. Their ships cannot be forced into the trade,
and the number now engaged in the whale fishery
is comparatively
/
k
small.
Much difference of opinion exists as to the local advantages enjoyed
by the American and colonial fishermen in the fisheries of Nova Scotia
H. Doc. 3.
95
and Newfoundland; but in the whale fishery there can be no dispute on
this point. The great oceans oI the world are the common property of
mankind, and their treasures are free to all nations. The effect of legis*
lative protection can be fairly tested where there are no exclusive favors
of locality, and here we find a most striking illustration. In the prosecution of a pursuit which extends to every sea, and where special privileges are enjoyed by none, it is remarkable that the two most powerful
maritime nations of Europe, with all their bounties and premiums, have
suffered the citizens of a few small towns in the single State of Massa
chusetts to create a whaling marine, which, in the number of men emplojed, in tonnage and capital, exceeds that of all the rest of the world
combined. This has not been the result of mere chance or good fortune;
it has not been done by bounties and premiums, or by special acts of
legislation, but by patient industry and a judicious combination of labor
and capital; by unwearied enterprise in the exploration of remote seas;
by that irresistible energy which overleaps all competition, and gives a
national character to our people; and, more than all, by that indomitable
sclf-reliancc which rises above the aid of government, acknowledges no
obstacle, and achieves triumphs that legislators in their wisdom cannot
comprehend, The American people understmid, by this time, that if
the aggregate wealth of the ocean or of the country is not increased,
nothing is accomplished by bounties but a transfer of means; and all
must acknowledge that it is a direct violation of this principle to tax one
maritime interest for the support of another. Every consideration of justice and expediency forbids that the coasting trade or the whale fishery
should be compelled to contribute to the support of the cod fishery, on
the ground that such a contribution is necessary to foster a nursery for
seamen, when it is well known that either of those great interests produces more seamen annually than the cod and mackerel fisheries combined. Mr. Burke has truly said that "it is one of the finest problems
in legislation to determine what the state ought to take upon itself to
direct by public wisdom, and what it ought to leave, with as little interference as possible, to individual exertion." We have thus seen, from
the experience of European nations, and, to some extent, from our own,
that if ever there was a pursuit requiring the healthy basis of individual
energy, untrammelled by legislation, it is that of "drawing wealth out
of the ocean." When government undertakes to prescribe regulations
in detail, showing the manner in which fisheries are to be conducted,
there is an end to all enterprise. But it may be said,ourfishermenpossess
all the advantages of freedom now; they are not obliged tofishfor bounty.
In reply to this, 1 would simply ask, has the history of mankind presented a case, has the experience of the world shown a single instance,
in which legislative bounty has been rejected, on any ground of selfinterest or expediency ? The recipients of fishing allowances are the
last to acknowledge that any decline in their pursuit can proceed from
legislative encouragement; yet it is quite certain that, in a time of peace,
it can only proceed from a depression of energy, induced by the protection of government, from a scarcity in the products of the ocean which
fco human power can avert, or from a greater demand for labor and capital in other pursuits.
It is a remarkable anomaly in our history, that from the origin of the
federal government to the present period, every effort made in favor
96
H. Doc. ,2.
of granting bounties to the fisheries, as a school for seamen, has origirated in the fishing districts, whilst other parts of the Union, with equal
solicitude for the general welfare, have either silently acquiesced, or opposed the principle as inexpedient or unconstitutional. The natural
inference is, that outside of the fishing districts there is a want ol patriotic feeling, or an inexcusable blindness to the true interests of the
country. A nursery for American seamen is a national concern; it
affects the welfare of all; yet those States which have always stood
among the highest in the annals of naval chivalry, which have been
ready at all times to sustain our national defences, have never manifested
so much interest in maintaining the efficiency of the navy, as to make an
original movement in favor of granting appropriations to fishermen. It
may be argued, that it does not concern them to make original movements in favor of appropriations to be expended by citizens of States over
which they have no control; and in this instance, especially, that it is
the legitimate business of the representatives from the fishing districts,
born and educated among fishermen, and elevated to office in whole or
in part by a constituency of fishermen, to judge of the wants of the
country at large, and ask for this legislative encouragement. How can
people who perhaps never saw the ocean, be supposed to know that our
navy is dependent upon the cod fishery?—that this right arm of our national defence will be paralyzed, unless Congress pays out of the public
treasury about half a million of dollars every year, to prevent the public
from buying cheap fish? War may come upon us; the seas may be
covered with the fleets of the enemy; and where, it is asked, are we to
find American seamen? Not in our whaling marine; not in our merchant service; not in our coasting trade;—none of these great maritime
interests can be relied upon in a great national emergency. The destinies of our common country are centred in the cod fishery.
Let us see how much sincerity there is in these professions. Patriotic
appeals are sometimes resorted to when reason would be of no avail; and
although such appeals may indicate a virtual abandonment of the question of justice or expediency, yet they are not unfreqnently successful.
The fishermen, and the avowed advocates of the fishing interests,
attach great importance to the fact that under the terms of the convention of 1818, between Great Britain and the United States, our fishermen
are prohibited from fishing within three marine
miles of the shore, and
the recent vexed questions respecting the extent of our rights in the
fisheries of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland have arisen from the importance attached to the shores and bays. It is to be hoped that the difficulty will be amicably adjusted, and that we may at no distant period
enjoy the entire privileges of the provinces; but it is not my purpose to
discuss that question at present. The only feature in it to which I wish
to call attention is, that the shores and bays are not desirable in the point
of view urged by the friends of the bounty system. Mr. Welhnan, of
Boston, a very intelligent writer on the fisheries and an ardent advocate
of the bounty system, says, in an official report to the Treasury Department, that "while our fishermen are compelled to go out on the banks
m large vessels, fitted at great expense, and with crews averaging nine
men to evety twenty tons burden, and extend their vovaees for many
weeks, the colonists carry on their fishing entirely in small boats, with
pernaps not more than two men in cach, who return to their shores at
H. Doc. 3.
97
the close of each day's work, and land and cure their fish, which at the
close of the summer are laden on board their ships for a foreign market."
This is not so great an evil as Mr. Wellman imagines; it has its advantages in making a better nursery for our seamen. As far back as the
time of Sir Josiah Child, it was proposed that the houses of the colonial fishermen should be burnt, their boats destroyed, and the boat fishery annihilated, as the only means of retaining the banks as a nursery
for British seamen. (See Sabine's report, p. 225.) We enjoy the
monopoly of the bank fisheries, and therefore the monopoly of this nursery, for which government pays bounty. If the object of legislative
encouragement be to foster our maritime interests, a positive advantage
results from an apparent evil. The English complain, in a late official
report on the fisheries of Nova Scotia, that " the Americans monopolize
the deep sea fisheries," and acknowledge that instead of engaging all
their energies to compete with us, they took vlly on and grumble at our
succcss. (Sabine's report.) Here is additional evidence of the value of
the bank fishery. Considering it in the li^ht of a nursery for American
seamen, we have reason to congratulate ourselves that our fishermen,
who have at heart the interests of the nation at large, are denied the
privilege of the shores. Seamanship is an art that is best acquired at
sea. it would be well for us, if a school for mariners really be the great
consideration, to abandon alt we claim under the convention of 1818,
and let the cctlonial fishermen continue in the enjoyment of the shore
and bay fisheries. They may possibly undersell us in our own markets,
but we have no reason to complain of having fish sold to us at a low
price. On the contrary, while we enjr»y the benefit of their labor, our
young fishermen reap the advantage of experience at sea, and are thus
prepared (a3 the Marblehead memorialists represent) to man our naval
and merchant marine. Every effort majle for the privilege of the shore,
is a blow aimed at this nursery for American seamen ; for none will deny
that the art of seamanship can be acquired more readily at sea in fullrigged vessels, than on land, in houses. The colonists afford us in the end
this additional advantage: that they can never, by any process of shore service, become fit sailors to man British vessels of war; and in proportion
as Great Britain overcomes us in the fish market, she will be unable to
contend with us at sea. Every victory gained in the grand struggle for
supremacy in codfish, will be a naval defeat in future engagements. The
English themselves are fully sensible of the advantage we enjoy. Lord
Dundonald, in a communication to the London Times in August, 1852,
speaks in desponding terms of the " progressive decay and now total
abandonment of that once important misery for British seamen," and
says it constitutes " a standard difference of 26,000 sailors against England." His lordship erroneously attributes this advantage to th» liberal
bounties paid by the French and North American governments. He
might have seen, by looking into the past history of his own country,
that Great Britain presents in her herring and whale fisheries the best
possible illustration of the impolicy of bounties ; and he might also have
seen, by reference to the debate in the Senate ojf the United States in
1846, that with all the bounties paid by Congress since 1789, our bank
fisheries are at this very moment (according to the memorial of the Marblehead fishermen) scarcely able to exist—in fact that they are pra&ically ,
extinct. But aside from that, what do our fishermen, who receive these "
100
H.
Doc. 3.
bounties in view of their future services as fishermen, propose to dot
S y to yield to Great Britain all the advantages of the bankfishery,^so
S I
urged by themselves, if they can only get possession of the
shores and engage in the shore fishery. While in the full enjoyment
of the bounty paid by government, their sole aim is to abandon the
nurserv for seamen, which they contend is indispensable to our perpetuity as a nation, and yield it to the very power whose navy we have moat
reason to guard against. Is this an example of unusual patriotism, worthy
of unusual reward, or is it merely the same instinct of self-interest which
prevails among all other classes of the community? If the bounty is
designed by government to keep them in the deep sea fishery, and
thereby encourage a return in seamen, it is apparent that it has no influence in effecting that object. Government not only expends large sums
in an unavailing effort, but in adjusting difficulties arising from their
constant struggle to defeat the object for which the bounty is designed.
Instead of encouraging them to remain at sea, it induces them to spend
a large portion of their time concealed about our own shores in fraudu*
lent practices, and does not in the end keep the.n clear of the provincial
shores.
The argument that our fishermen will be ruined by the importation
of foreign-caught fish, is essentially the doctrine of protection. Our
manufacturers were about to be ruined a few years since, if we bought
cheap goods from Great Britain. They insisted that government should
continue to protect them by imposing prohibitive duties on importations.
They even threatened to give up their manufacturing establishments
and foreboded ruin to the country, if these great nurseries for American
industry were not favored by legislation. The iron interests of Pennsylvania weie about to be ruined at the same time by the importation of
foreign iron. But the tariff of 1846 has not ruined either of them yet.
They are still in very good condition, and growing vigorously. The
country is safe, the nurseries are preserved, and our domestic industry
uin a most gratifying slate of prosperity.
The same argument was used by a committee of the British Parliament in 1833, and the remedy proposed was substantially the protective
remedy. Trie committee attributed the decline of the Channel fisheries
to the quantity of foreign-caught fish sold in London, and said it arose
from the fact that the French vessels were larger, and had more men and
better fishing gear, than the English. Instead of profiting by the example
of the French fishermen, and fitting out larger vessels, employing more
men,and providing still better fishing gear than their competitors, they
devoted their energies to preventing the Frenchfishermenfrom c a t c h i n g so
many fish. The Frencn were underselling them in the London markets >
the public were gaining the difference in price; and in order to arrest
such an evil, prohibitory regulations were established to put down the
* r?.nc.h £s hery. The means expended in striving to prevent their neigh^ E J ^ . ^ h f o g and selling fish cheaper than their'own, would, if
directed, have enabled them to gain the ascendency in the fish
ma
*£ et - Kprtiing more than a diminution of capital is accomplished by
such restrictions, and a corresponding increase ot prices to the consumer,
« »
??ctrine of protection, without the pretence of a disguise.
1
ft® r e m e d y tos in superior industry and energy. If our fishes
40
control of. the home market, they must do it by.
H. Doc. 3.
99
•Increased skill and by making abetter use of all natural advantages than
they have ever made before—not by appeals to Congress for legislative
aid. Afirmreliance upm their own ability to overcome all competition,
and the best use of every legitimate advantage, will be the surest means
of accomplishing the object. It has never been found to fail in other
branches of industry; and if our fishermen, after a fair trial of the experiment, find themselves unable to compete with foreigners, then it will
be to their interest to invest their labor and capital in more profitable
pursuits. The aggregate gain of wealth to the country will enable government to establish a much better nursery for seamen, if it be found
indispensable, by increased inducements to American naval apprentices,
by free schools of navigation, and by better wages to seamen. The
merchant service has no right to complain of a want of good seamen: it
is perfectly able to take care of itself. Owners of merchant vessels are
now receiving enormously high freights, and it is very reasonable that
they thould pay high wages to their crews. If they are unable to get
good American crews, it is simply because they choose to get bad foreign
crews cheaper. They cannot cxpcct to receive enormous profits on
freights, and pay low wages for good seamen. That, after all, is the true
ground of complaint. 1 ,ct the condition of seamen be elevated by a just
and reasonable compensation for their services, proportionate to the increase of wages in every other department of industry, and there will be no
reason to complain of a scarcity of American seamen. The same general
rules which regulate all trade, apply to seamanship. The highestprices
will produce the best labor, and the supply will be governed by the
demand. Americans who do not hesitate to penetrate every sea and
explore every land, where energy can find a reward, will not hesitate to
supply any scarcity that may exist in our commercial or naval marine,
nor will they, in ease of war, be backward in devoting their services to
the defence of their country.
It would be unreasonable to deny that the deep sea fisheries have
their degree of merit as nurseries for seamen, in common with all maritime pursuits; but there is nothing peculiar in the business of cod fishing,
and especially in the shore duty which forms so large a part of it, to
make better sailors than those produced in the coasting trade, the whale
fishery, and the merchant service. Let this bounty be repealed; let these
fishermen be compelled to depend upon their own energies like other
people, and their pursuit will be successful enough, and probably realize
some of the advantages which they claim for it. But the experience of
every nation shows that the tendency of legislative protection is to depress
individual exertion, and render unprofitable that which otherwise might
be profitable. The principle is so well established now, that few will be
fouud to dispute it, unless where local interests are involved. The
frieuds of free trade can no longer in good faith sustain the bounty system.
In its application to the fisheries, which depend mainly on individual
energy, it has been peculiarly injurious; and has always tended to
diminish those collateral advantages upon which the protection of government is foundedVery respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. ROSS BROWNE.
G o n . JAMES GUTHBIE^
Secretary vfthe Treasury*
*
Statement showing the number and tormage of enrolled and licensed vessels, and vessels licensed under twenty ms, mplayed in the
cod and mackerel fishery* in each district of the United States, during the year ending 30th June, lbO^.
«
Licensed vessels undeT twenty tons.
Enrolled vassals.
Districts.
Cod fishery.
Mackerel fishery.Total number Total tonnage.
of vessels.
and
Tons and Number Tons aud Number Tons
95ths. of vessels. 95ths. of vessels. 95ths.
Mackerel fiBhory.
Number Tons and Number
95ths. of vessels.
of vessels.
686 34
11
439 35
11
Passamaquoddy, Maine.
262 29
7
Ma ah la 8
do.......600
81
12
202 13,348 45
Frenchman's Bay, do........
55 3,031 34
207 11,240 38
Penobscot.. - . ....do....... 55 3,051 89
5,527 05
129
Belfast..........do........
275 72
4
433 29
9
Bangor.......... do. ——•
1,116 82
28
145
4,519 01
Waldoboro*...... do...
1,884 33
not given 2,424 39 not given
Wiscasset .•—...do
...
3,110 CO
22
1,484 18
38
Bath . . . . . . . . -..do..... ...
82 5,506 53
84
3,650 44
Portland......... do.—
188 11
6
230 88
7
fiaco .—...do...*—* ~
54 03
1
895 27
20
Kennebunk
do..
76 44
a
172 58
7
York — . . . . ....do..*.....«
855 15
it
2,128 00
41
Portitootitb, New Hampshire..
47 2,728 47
4,987 47
75
Kewbltrjport, Massac huietts..
1
83 80
Iptwich
-do.......
250 14,353 90
275 14,966 57
Gloucester...... .—.do.—....
916 08
14
3,336 73
47
S a l e m — d o * . . . . ••
742 03
18
4,624 57
76
Marbleheid........ do.......
8,224
18
63
945 75
21
Boston.....—......do.....
1,705 39
as
5,169 18
83
Plymouth ...... ....do..
Tall EWer—.... — .do....... .... — 95*47
Utw Bedford..——.do.—....
Cod fisherj'.
44 82
3
112 94
310 39
40
19 232 28
23 285 63
41 48
5
90 1,117 47
323 52
27
533 39
39
210 68
14
25
18
11
98 87
22 24
99 46
58
1
9
9
10
2
16
416 03
8 10
99
121
115
26
217
23
44
13
71
59
254
281
93 75
69 01
30 78
207
18
269
27
103
182
13
30
12
59
122
1
583
02
103
113
125
2
22
1,170 56 a
375 2 8 14,259 50 W
14,504 05 o
8,864 62 ?
750 54
6,847 35 ?Q
4,637 29
3,206 23
9,396 53
419 04
1,049 17
271 31
3,082 61
7,715 94
88 80
29,736 55
4.290 91
5,465 83
9.291 42
7,049 75
26 71
494 a?
g
Barnitable... ... ....do
....
Edgtrtovn
•••<
Kan tucket.......v. do
<
Providence, Rhode Island.......
Newport...... ... do............
New London, Connecticut.......
Btoninflton...* ....do..**.. ....
Hiddletown..**...do...... ....
New Haven .......do..........
Greenport, New York...........
161
7
4
10,263 82
472 82
226 27
231
3
83
40
1
m 32
4 ,8f>0 71
'1,784 73
35 49
7
27
1,232 76
1,822 109,037 66
TKSASVRY DCPARTMKWT,
21,103 14
304 81
16
365 70
1,425 28
128 92
999
Register's Office, November 10,1853.
70, WO 83
6
12
4
28
14
3
144 15
125
45
397
180
52
30
06
41
41 02
461 5,376 26
12
193 59
401
7
9
12
14
132
54
4
3
27
40,516 i6
472 82
531 13
J25 52
609 37
6,673 10
1,965 19
174 46
41 02
1,232 76
3,294
185,328 44
F. BIGGER, Register.
Statement of the tonnage of the United States, from 1821 * 1853 inclusive, showing the registered
trade; enrolled and licensed tonnage in the coasting trade, cod fishery, mackerel fishery, and whale fishery;
mder twenty tons in the coasting trade and cod fishery; also the registered tonnage employed in the whale fishery and steam
navigation, and the enrolled tonnage employed in steam navigation.
Registered tonnage employed in the
Licensed tonnage under
twenty t<ma in the
Enrolled and licensed tonnage employed in the
Total tonnage,
Registered
tonnage.
Coasting trade. Cod fishery.
Mackerel
fishery.
Whale
fishery.
Coasting
trade.
Whale
fishery.
Cod fishery.
Enrolled tonnage employSteam navi- ed in Bteam
navigation.
gation.
Tons and 95tha.
619,896 40
628,150 41
639.990 76
669,972 60
770,788 08
737,978 15
747,170 44
773,000 07
650,142 88
676,475 33
630,451 92
686.989 77
750,026 72
857,433 43
885,821 60
807,774 51
810 t 447 29
559,435
573,030
566,408
589,2*23
587,273
666,420
732,937
758,922
490,468
496,639
67
02
88
01
07
44
65
12
05
51
516,086 18
634,159 01
*717,422 52
7 5 5 , 5 5
906,611 50
846,116 35
037,249 70
51,351
58,405
67.040
68,238
70,626
63,534
73,709
74,765
97,888
58.041
57,238
51,725
58,569
52,472
49
35
72
87
02
54'
82
40
91
44
55
19
18
92
"58,4*13 92
75,054 74
55,408 80
51,108 92
51,396 17
03
«•«180 08 52,at0
53,588 43
226 83 55,910 04
338 91 56,220 81
180 34 56, 192 22
18,090 05
35,973 38 "792*87* 20 t 338 62
23,6:17
56
481 82
46,210 80
377 47 25,468 36
47,427 72
478 39 26,776 08
48,725 43
364 16 28,156 10
61,082 11
27,858 11
*46,*424 25 l] 573*26 26,906 8 t
46,810 90 1,894 86 29,730 85
1,924 40
3,133 50
585 37
10,941 89
1,298,958 70
10,820 82 1,321,699 17
11,213
9,208
10,836
10,120
10,229
10,983
13,390
3,515
3,739
3,302
4,151
3,930
4,608
4,893
5,497
63
33
17
73
02
11
05
13
26
51
52
73
83
40
15
1,336,565 68
1,389.163 02
1,423,111 77
1,534,190 83
1,020,607 78
1,674,318 31
1,260,797 81
1,191,776 43
1,267,846 29
1,439,450 21
1,606,149 94
1,758,907 14
1,824,!M0 14
1,882,102 65
1,896,685 69
26,070 83
45,449 42
39,918 13
33,165 70
35,379 24
41,757 32
45,653 21
54,021 08
57,284 38
38,911 82
82,315 79
72,868 84
101,158 17
108,060 14
>••• .*.*•••«
144,680 50
127,241 SI
544 50
340 23
21»879 03
21,609 73
23,061 02
34,058 75
40,197 75
39,419 19
54,036 81
63,052 89
68,568 36
90,632 93
101,300 01
122,474 74
"*454 03
1,104 06
*145,* 102*30
153,660 8T
«•••
1,418 80
877 38
180 86
mtm
834,244
899,764
945,803
975,358
1,009,305
1,068,764
1,095,172
1,130,286
1,241,312
1,360,850
1,438,911
1,585,711
1,726,307
1,899,448
2,103,674
i
'
a;
54
68
42
74
01
91
44
49
92
85
53
22
23
20
20
1,008,146
120,310
1,144,664
1,076,036
1,018,253
1,048,208
1,078,867
1,190,893
1,289,870
1,452,623
1,620,988
1,731,410
1,755,796
1,854,317
2,008,021
2,082,782
TR*A*UJIT B c r A R T N J U V T ,
4.1
68
34
18
17
46
62
27
89
35
16
84
42
90
48
07
63,073
65,167
67,926
60,556
49*941
54,901
78,178
69,825
72,516
70,177
82,651
73,882
8 5 , G46
87,475
1 0 2 , T>59
99,989
77
67
48
05
48
36
86
66
17
52
82
00
30
89
37
80
6 6 , 6 4 9 16
35, 9 8 3 8 7
28,269 19
11,32113
16,096 83
11,775 70
16,170 66
2 1 , 4 1 3 16
3 6 , 4 6 3 16
31,451 13
43,558 78
42,9-12 02
58,111 94
50,539 02
7 2 , 5 1 6 18
59,850 48
5,229 55
439 69
377
142
320
206
439
31
33
14
92
58
6.090
7.091
8,109
5,995
4,862
6,322
7,045
7,165
6,802
7,502
7,104
7 , 873
8,160
8,140
7,913
9,237
18
01
17
79
79
84
86
01
14
60
62
62
34
88
73
55
1,995,639
2,096,478
2,180,764
2,130,744
2,092,390
2,158,602
2,280,095
2,417,002
2,562,084
2,839,045
3,154,041
3,334,015
3,535,454
3.772.439
4.138.440
4,407,010
SO
81
16
37
69
93
07
06
81
77
85
29
23
43
47
43
119,629
131,845
136,926
157,405
151,612
152,374
168,293
190,695
186,980
193,858
192,179
180,186
146,0)6
181,644
193,797
193,203
89
25
64
17
74
66
63
65
16
72
90
29
71
52
77
44
2,791
5,149
4,154
745
4,701
5,373
6,909
6,491
6,286
5,631
16,067
20,869
44,942
62,390
79,704
90,519
15
28
94
87
39
36
42
51
89
15
58
56
25
13
39
69
Register'* OJjfcc, Nottmbcr 1 8 , 1 8 5 3
F . BIGGER,
flrgiatr.
H.Doc.,2.
104
O.
Gold and silver coinage at the Mint of the United States in the several year*
Jrom its establishment, in 1792, and including the coinage oj the branch
mints from the commencement of their operations, in 1S3S, to October 31,
1853.
Years.
Value.
EE I
1793............
1794...
,
1795...— ..-..
.1796
.....
1797..
17^3
1799
1800........
1801
1802....
""""
1803..
1804
1805
180 6
1807..
1808... .
1809...:.;;::;;;;;:::;;
1810...................
1811...
IQIO
.
...................
1813.....
1814...................
1815......
..
1816
1817....................
1818.....
,1819
1820
1821...................
1822
1823
18-24
1825.
1826....
..
1827.....
3828.....
1829..........
1830
;„„
.
1831.............
;
1832.............;..;;
"
3833
3834*
1835
r "** ****
i836:::;y*""
*""
1839
......
.
1840............
1841.............. •
1842.......
1843.............
$71,485 00
102,727
103,422
205,610
213,285
317,760
422,570
423,310
258,377
258,642
170,367
324,505
437,495
234,665
169,375
501,435
497,905
290,435
477,140
77,270
3,175
50
50
00
00
00
00
00
50
50
50
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
242,940 00
258,615 00
1,319,030 00
189,325 00
88,980 00
72,425 00
93,200 00
156,335 00
92,245 00
131,565 00
140,145 00
295,717 50
643,105 00
. 714,270 00
798,435 00
978,550 00
3,954,270 00
2,186,175 00
4,135,700 00
1 148,305 00
1,809,595 00
1,355,8S5 00
1,675,302 50
1,091,597 50
1,834,170 50
8,106,79*50
$370,663 80
79,077 50
12,591 45
330,291 00
423,515 00
224,296 00
74,758 00
S8,ai3 00
87,118 00
100, m 50
149,338 50
471,319 00
597,448 75
634,300 00
707,376 00
633,773 50
608,340 00
814,029 50
620,951 50
561,687 50
17,308 00
23,575 75
607,783 50
1,070,454 50
1,140,000 00
501,680 70
825,762 45
805,806 50
895,550 00
1,752,477 00
1,564,583 00
2,002,090 00
2,869,200 00
1,575,600 00
1,994,578 00
2,495,400 00
3,175,600 00
2,579,000 00
2,759,000 00
3.415.002 00
3.443.003 00
3,606,100 00
2,096,010 OO
2,333,243 00
2,189,296 00
1,726,703 00
1",132,750 00
2,332,750 00
3,834,750 00
$442,168 80
381,805
116,013
535,901
636,800
542,056
497,323
431,653
345,495
00
95
00
00
09
00
00
50
358,983 00
3K),756 00
795,824 00
1.034,943 75
968,965 00
876,751 00
1,140,203 50
1,106,245 00
1,104,464 50
1,098,091 50
633,957 50
20,483 00
28,575 75
607,783 50
1,313,394 50
1,398,615 00
1,820,710 70
1 615,097 45
894,766 50
967,975 00
I,845,677 00
1 720,968 00
2,094,335 00
3,000*765 00
1>15,745 00
2,290,295 50
3,159,505 00
3,889,870 $0
3,377,435 00
3,737,550 00
7,369,272 00
5 629,178 00
7,741,800 00
3,244,315 OO
4,142,838 <00
3,545,181 00
3 402,005 50
2,224,347 50
?166,9520|0
II,943,547 60.
H. Doc. ,3.
105
O—Continued.
Silver.
Gold.
Aggregate.
Years.
Value.
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1840
1850
1851
1852
1853
Total
$5,423,230
3,756,447
4,034,177
20,221,385
3.V75,512
9,007,701
31,981,738
62,614,492
56,846,187
46y993,945
00
50
50
00
50
50
50
00
50
60
283,790,565 60
$2,235,550
1,873,200
2,558,580
2,374,450
2,040,050
2,114,950
1,866,100
774,397
999,410
6,996,255
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
86,217,626 90
$7,663,780
5,629,647
6,592,757
22,595,835
5,815,562
11,122,711
33,847,838
63,338,889
57,845,597
53,995,200
00
50
50
00
50
50
50
00
50
60
370,008,192 50
The statements for each year from 1706 to 1852, inclusive, are to the 31st of December;
those for 1853 are only to the 31st of October.
H. Doc. 3.
106
P.
Statement exhibiting the amount of coin andlullion imported and cirportcd,
annually from 1821 to 1853, inclusive; and also the amount of^ importation
over exportation, and of exportation over importation, during the same
yean•
^
COM 1 5 D BCLLIOX.
Years ending—
September 3 0 . . — . 1 8 2 1 1822..
182318241825182618271823..
1829183018311832183318341835..
183618371833..
1839..
1840.,
1841.
1842.
9 months, to June 30,1843.
Year ending June 30,1844.
1845.
1846.
1847.
1848.
1849.
1850.
1851.
1852.
1853.
Total.
Imported.
Exported.
$3,064,890
3,369,846
5,097,896
8,379,835
6,150,765
6,880,966
8,151,130
7,489,741
7,403,612
8,155,964
7,305,945
5,907,504
7,070,363
17,911,632
13,131,447
13,400,831
10,516,414
17,747,116
5,595,176
8,882,813
4,988,633
4,087,016
22,390,559
5,830,429
4,070,242
3,777,732
24,121,289
6,360,224
6,651,240
4,628,792
5,453,592
5,503,544
4,201,382
$10,478,059
278,678,615
Exccss of im- Excess of ex*
port at'n over Hirtat'n over
exportation. importation.
10,810,180
6,372,937
7,014,552
8,932,034
4,704,533
8,014,830
8,243,476
4,924,020
2,178,773
9,014,931
5,656,340
2,611,701
2,076,758
6,477,775
4,324,336
5,976,249
3,508,046
8,776,743
8,417,014
10, (KM, 332
4,813,539
1,520,791
5,454,214
8,606,495
3,905,263
1,907,024
15,841,616
5,404,648
7,522,994
29,472,752
42.674,135
27,486,875
203,158,070
$1,365,233
2,176,433
136,250
*2,"479*592
5,977,191
251,164
4,453,667
15, a i l , 874
6,633,672
9,076,545
4,540,165
14,239,070
"
*465,799
20,869,763
376,215
22,214,265
1,240,592
112,361,545
P . BIGGER, TOGUT"TAEASTMR DEPARTMEKT,
Register's Office, December
1,1853.
H. Doc. &
107
CL
Lease and contract of Bank of Commerce and Bank of the Slate of New
York to the United States*
This indenture, made the nineteenth day of August, in the year of
m r Lord eighteen hundred and fifty-three, between the Bank of the
State of New York, party of the first part, and the United States of
America, by James Guthrie, Secretary of the Treasury of the United
Slates, acting under authority of the act of Congress appipved March 3,
1853, which provides for the establishment of an assay office in the city
of New York, party of the second part, witnesseth, that the said party
of the first part, in consideration of the rents and covenants herein contained, hath demised, leased, and to farm let, and by these presents
doth demise, lease, and to farm let, unto the said party of the second
part and its assigns, the lot or parcel of land now owned and occupied
by the said party of the first part, situate on the northerly side of Wall
street, in the city and State of New York, and bounded on thtf easterly
side by the property now owned and occupied by the Bank of Commerce, in New York, and on the westerly side by an alley or open
space of ground between the banking-house and lot of the said party of
the first part and the custom-house, said lot or parcel of ground being
thirty-seven feet five inches wide in front on Wall street, and the same
width in the rear, and* one hundred and twenty or one hundred and
twenty-one feet deep; also the equal undivided half, and all the right
and interest of the said party of the first part of, in, or to, the said alley
or open space of ground: to have and to hold the said lot or parcel of
land and the said alley or open space of ground, with all and singular
the hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging, to the said
party of the second part and its assigns, for and during the full end and
term of fifteen years from the fifteenth day of September next, on which
day possession is to be delivered to the said party of the second part,
yielding and paying therefor the annual rent of twenty-eight thousand
dollars, payable semi annually on the first days of January and July in
each year; which said rent the said party of tne second part covenants
to pay to the said party of the first part or its assigns.
And the said natty of the first part does hereby grant, covenant, and
agree to and with the said narty of the second part and its assigns, that
the said party of the second part and its assigns shall quietly and peaceably hold and enjoy the said demised premises during the term without
the let, hindrance, or disturbance of any person or persons lawfully claiming or to claim the same, or any part thereof; and that the said party of
the first part will bear and pay all taxes, charges, and assessments, ordinary and extraordinary, upon the said demised premises during the
term. And further, that the said party of the second part and its assigns shall be at full liberty to make any and all such alterations in the
buildings now on said premises, and to construct such other buildings
thewon, as the said party of the second part or its assigns shall deem
proper, provided the value of the buildings on the premises at the end
of the term shall be as great as the value of the buildings now standing
thereon, saving natural wear and decay and such injuries as the buildings may sustain by fire or tempest
108
H. Doc. 3.
And the said party of the first part does further grant, covenant, and
aeree to and with the siid party of the second part and its assigns, that
the said party of second part and its assigns shall have the right, liberty,
and privilege of purchasing the said demised premises at any time during
the term for the price or sum of two hundred and eighty thousand dollars. And further, that in case the said party of the second part or its
assigns shall elect to purchase the said premises at any time within two
years after the commencement of the term, then interest on the aforesaid price or sum of two hundred and eighty thousand dollars, at the
rate of six per centum per annum, from the commencement of the term
to the time of making such election, shall be added to the said price; and
from the aggregate sum shall be deducted all sums which may have
been paid foi rent in the mean time; and the balance shall be the price
or sum to be paid on making such purchase.
And the said party of the first part does further grant, covenant, and
agree, that, on being paid or tendered the price above provided for, it
will immediately grant and convey the said demised premises to the said
party of the second part or its assigns, in fee-simple, with the usual full
covenants of seizin, warranty against incumbrances and charges of any
and all kinds, and for further assurance.
It is further mutually covenanted and agreed, that in making such
purchase, this demise and everything herein contained shall cease and
determine.
In witness whereof, the said party of the first part has executed this
agreement in the manner specified in a resolution of its board of directors, a copy of which resolution is hereon endorsed. And the said party
of the second part has executed this agreement by a f f i x i n g thereto the
official seal and signature of the said Secreiary of the Treasury.
c
fBANK seal 1
- W LAWRENCE, President.
[BANK S E A L . ]
WITHERS, Cashier.
R
[TREASURY S E A L . ]
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
At a meeting of the board of directors of the Hank of the State of
New York, held at their banking-house in the city of New York, on the
nineteenth (19th) day of August, 1853, the draught of a lease and contract
between the Bank and the United States of America was laid before the
board; by which lease and contract, when executed, the bank will,
among other things, demise its banking-house and lot on Wall street, in
the city of New York, to the said United States for the term of fifteen
years, at the annual rent of twenty-eight thousand dollars, with the
right in the said United States to purchase the property on certain terms,
which said wr*:ng also contains several other covenants and stipulations;
and it was thereupon
Resolved, That the bank do make and enter into such lease and contract, with all the covenants and stipulations therein contained, and that
the same be executed on the part of the bank by the p r e s i d e n t and
cashier, who shall subscribe their names and affix thereto the corporate
seal of the bank.
H. Doc. 3.
109
It is understood that possession will be given on the fifteenth of September.
Passed unanimously by the board on Friday morning, 19th August,
1853.
I certify the above to be a true copy of the minutes.
R. WITHERS, Cashier.
This indenture, made the nineteenth day of August, in the year of
our Lord eighteen hundred and fifty three, between the Bank of the
Slate of New York, party of the first part, and the United States of
America, by James Guthrie, Secretary of the Treasury of the United
States, acting under authority of the act of Congress approved March 3,
1853, which provides for the establishment of an assay office in the city
of New York, party of the second part, witnesseth, that the said party of
the first part, in consideration of the rents and covenants herein contained, hath demised, leased, and to farm let, and by these presents doth
demise, lease, and to farm let, unto the said party of the second part and
its assigns, the lot or parcel of land now owned and occupied by the said
party of the first part, situate on the northerly side of Wall street, in the
city and State of New York, and bounded on the easterly side by the
property now owned and occupied by the Bank of Commerce in New
York, and on the westerly side by an alley or open space of ground between the banking-house and lot of the said party of the first part and
the custom house, said lot or parcel of ground being thirty-seven feet
five inches wide in front on Wall street, and the same width in the rear,
and one hundred and twenty or one hundred and twenty-one feet deep;
also the equal undivided half, and all the right and interest of the said
party of the first part of, in, or to, the said alley or open space of ground:
to have and to hold the said lot or parcel of land and the said alley or
open space of ground, with all and singular the hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging, to the said party of the second part and
its assigns, for and during the full end and term of fifteen years from the
fifteenth day of September next, on which day possession is to be delivered to the said party of the second part, yielding and paying therefor
the annual rent of twenty eight thousand dollars, payable semi-annually
on the first days of January and July in each year; which said rent the
said party of the second part covenants to pay to the said party of the
first part or its assigns.
And the said party of the first part does hereby grant, covenant, and
agree to and with the said party of the second part and its assigns, that
the said party of the second part and its assigns shall quietly and peaceably hold and enjoy the said demised premises during the term without
the let, hindrance or disturbance of any person or persons lawfully
claiming or to claim the same, or any part thereof; and that the said
party of the first part will bear and pay all taxes, charges and assessments, ordinary and extraordinary, upon the said demised premises
during the term; and further, that the said party of the second part and
its assigns shall be at full liberty to make any and all such alterations in
the buildings now on said premises, and to construct such other buildtogs thereon, as the said party of the second part or its assigns shall
112
H.
Doc. 3.
deem proper; provided the value of the buildings on the premises at
the end of the terra shall be as great as the value of the buildings now
standing thereon, saving natural wear and decay, and such injuries as
the buildings may sustain by lire or tempest.
And the said party of the first part does further grant, covenant, and
agree to and with the said party of the second part and its assigns, that
the said party of the second part and its assigns shall have the right,
liberty and privilege of purchasing the said demised premises at any
time during the term for the price or sum of two hundred and eighty
thousand dollars; and further, that in case the said party of the second
part or its assigns shall elect to purchase the said premises at any time
within two years after the commencement of the term, then interest on
the aforesaid price or sum of two hundred and eighty thousand dollars,
at the rate of six per centum per annum from the commencement of the
term to the time of making such election, shall be added to the said
price, and from the aggregate sum shall be deducted all sums which
may have been paid for rent in the mean time; and the balance shall be
the price or sum to be paid on making such purchase.
And the said party of the first part does further grant, covenant, and
agree, that on being paid or tendered the price above provided (or, it will
immediately grant and convey the said demised premises to the said
party of the second part or its assigns in fee simple, with the usual full
covenants of seizin, warranty against incumbrances and charges of any
and all kinds, and for further assurance.
It is further mutually covenanted and agreed, that in making such
Purchase this demise and everything herein contained shall cease and
eteroiine*
In witness whereof, the said party of the first pirt has executed this
agreement in the manner specified in a resolution of its board of directors, a copy of which resolution is hereon endorsed; and the said party
of the second p*rt has executed this agreement by affixing thereto the
official seal and signature of the said Secretary of the Treasury*
(["BRA
A*
NK
K B
FU 1
LAWRENCE, President.
SEAL.]
R
W I T H E R S >
[TREASURY SEAL.]
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury*
At a meeting of the board of directors of the Bank of the State of Netf
York, held at their banking-house in the city of New York, on the nineteenth (19th) day of August, 1853, the draught of a lease and contract
between the bank and the United States of America was laid before the
board; by which lease and contract, when executed, the bank will, among
other things, demise its banking-house and lot on Wall street, in the
city of New York, to the said United States for the term of fifteen years,
at the annual rent of twenty-eight thousand dollars, with the right in
the said United States to purchase the property on certain terms, which
said writing also contains several other covenants and stipulations: and
1
it was thereupon
Resolved, That the bank do make and enter into such lease and contract, With all the covenants and stipulations therein contained, and that
Ill
H. Doc. 3.
the same be executed on the part of the bank by the prseident and
cashier, who shall subscribe their names and affix thereto the corporate
seal of the bank.
It is understood that possession will be given on the fifteenth of September.
Passed unanimously by the board on Friday morning, 19th August,
1853.
I certify the above to be a true copy of the minutes.
11. WITHERS, Cashier.
R.
Circular to collectors, upon their appointment to office, relative to inspectors,
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
April If 1853,
SIR: The Present having appointed you to the responsible office of collector of the customs at
— , you will please regard that appointment
as proof of his full confidence that you will zealously, within the line
of your duty, second his purpose to improve the condition of the public
revenue in all its branches.
If extravagance in the public expenditures, negligence in the performance of official duty, or other irregularities or abuses, have heretofore
revailed in the custom house at
, or if improvements of any
ind can be introduced into its administration, you cannot too soon enter
upon the task of reforming what has been amiss, and introducing a more
energetic, vigilant, and economical system. Y*»u will have occasion to
select and recommend for my approval, inspectors and other subordinate
officers of the customs, and your services in the work of reform will
necessarily depend in a great degree upon the character of the persona
you may choose for that purpose.
It is my aim and wish to infuse vigilance, fidelity, and cconomy into
the public service committed to my care; to appoint the most faithful
agents, to compensate them fairly, as far as the law will permit, for the
services actually required and rendered, and to supersede all sinecures
and persons not fully adapted to their proper employment.
With these views, I have to request, in making nominations to fill the
offices indicated, you will give me the proper information upon the following points:
1st. The compensation proposed in each case;
2d. The age of the respective persons;
3d. Their present pursuits or occupation; and
4th. The knowledge you have, or opinion you have, of their character
for business habits, sobriety, industry, and activity.
Yery respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES
GUTRTRIE,
Secretary of the IVeasury,
112
H. Doc. 3.
s.
List of confidential agents appointed by the late Secretary of the Treasury,
from September, 1S50, to March, 1853.
M. P- Bemis, appointed 20th September, 1850—§3 per diem, to 20th
December.
rtn.
J. T. Buck, appointed 20th September, ISoO—>$3 per diem, to 20th
December.
James Leonard, appointed 26th September, 1850—to depend on results.
Dr. Wm. Noble, appointed 2Sth September, 1S50—§3 per diem, to
20th December.
Gideon Searl, appointed 3d October, 1S50—§3 per diem, to 20th Dccember.
I. D. Andrews, appointed 7th October, IS50—§6 per diem, mileage,
and reasonable allowance for clerk hire.
N. P. Tallmadge, appointed 23d October, 1850—S3 pf r diem, and 10
cents per mile, continued to February, 1S53.
*R. H. Thayer, appointed 2Sih October, 1S50—§100 per month, till
1st January, 1851.
T L. Harris, appointed 2Sth October, IS50—$100 per month, to 1st
January, 1851,
H. B. Lathrop, appointed 23th October, 1S50—§1,200 per annum, to
February, 1S53.
J. H. C. Mudd, appointed 6th December, 1850—S3,000 per annum.
A. Baker, appointed 20th December, 1850—S3 per day, to 20th
March, 185L
Louis Gay lord Clark, appointed Sth January, 1851—§100 per month,
3 months.
JamesR. Thompson, appointed ISth January, 1851—§100 per month,
3 months.
Robt. S. Collins, appointed 3lst January, 1S51—§100 per month, to
1st May.
Silas M. Still well, appointed 6th February, 1S51—S100 per month, to
6th May.
Jos. J. Swift, appointed 5th March, 1S51—§100 per month, to 1st
June.
Kennet J. White, appointed 21st April, 1S51—§100 1per month, for 3
months.
Bononi Thompson, appointed 19th April, 1651—§100 1per month, for
8 months.
James E. Harvey, appointed 8th May, 1S51—§1,500 per annum, to
uecemDer, loo^.
A. H. Greene, appointed 9th May, 1851—$100 for expanses.
Thos. C. Hambly, appointed 20th May, 1851—$2,300 1per annum, to
iovember 1, LS52.
'
9' h SheWon, appointed 27th May, 1851—$100 per month, 3 months.
mV a mu"8' a PP° lnted 2 d J u n e > 1851—§100 per month, 4 months,
aS app mted lst Au§ust
months
'
°
' l 8 5 l ~ S 1 ; 5 0 0 per annum, 4
A. H. Greene, appointed 27th September, 1851—$150 for the service.
H. Doc. 3.
113
Jno/M. Waterhouse, appointed 9th October, 1851—$100 per month,
for 4 months.
Jno. A. Clarke, appointed 15th October, 1851—$100 per month, contingent on success.
C. B. Stebbins, appointed 24th October, 1851—§1,200 per annum.
Laurin Dewey, appointed 20th February, 1S52—$100 per month,
till August.
N. L. Pitcher, appointed Sth April, 1S52—§100 per month, 3 months.
Henry Dimmock, appointed 20th April, 1S52—$1,200 per annum.
Ed. W, McGaughey, appointed 2Sth June, 1852—$5 per day.
Levi O. Turner, appointed 30th June, 1852—$4 per day, to 1st
November.
Geo. \V\ Pleasants, appointed October, 1852—$6 per day, and 10
cents per mile.
A. H. Greene, appointed lSth October, 1852—$300 for the service.
Ed. W. Johnson, appointed November, 1852—$1,500 per annum, to
1st March.
Alfred Thomas, appointed 1st December, 1852—$100 for the service.
Jno. G. Camp, appointed 1st December, 1852—$5 per day to 1st
March.
Thos. W. Tipton, appointed 1st December, 1852—$500, to 1st March.
Z. Piatt, appointed 1st December, 1852—$2,000 in all.
Samuel Ward, appointed 25th February, 1853—$1,000 advanced.
* Withdrawn, and N. G. King, of Albany, appointed for four monthB from 18th March, 1851.
T.
List of officers dropped from the Revenue Cotter service, April 14, 1853.
^CAPTAINS.
Ezekiel Jones,
Gilbert Knapp,
Wm. B. Whitehead,
Wm. W. Polk,
L. C. Harby*
FIRST
LIEUTENANTS.
Beverly Diggs,
Arnold Burroughs,
Nicholas Austin,
Charles Grover, deceased.
SECOND LIEUTENANTS•
A, G. Cook,
( J . W. King*
8
114
H. Doc. .3
THIRD
J. A. Underwood,
A. S. Cushman,
Thos. L. Gott,
J. De Lagnelle,
Wm. D. Kennon,
R. A. Morsell,
Charles H. Wheeler,
S. W. Gillett,
J. E. Wilson,
Thomas Osborne,
John M'G. Nones,
Wm. G. Nimmo,
D. C. Constable,
Edwin Hulburt,
P. V. R. Linn,
J. H. Nimmo,
A. S. Hatch,
C. W, Yan Renssellaer.
List of revenue cutters, with their officers attached, corrected to November 1 , 1 S 5 3 .
Revenue cutter "Taney," at Eastport, Maine—Joseph Noyes, captain ; W. S. Bell, first lieutenant; Thomas Moffatt, second lieutenant;
W. B. Berryman, third lieutenant.
b
Revenue cutter "Caleb Gushingat
Portland, Mattte.—Green Walden, captain; John A. Webster, first lieutenant; D. G. F- Gardner,
second lieutenant; John A. Underwood, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Morris," at Boston, Massachusetts.—John \\ hitcomb,
captain; John L. Prouty, first lieutenant; A. D. Stanford, second lieutenant; S. N. Miller, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "James Campbellat New London, Connecticut.—
L. Coste, captain; John Carson, first lieutenant; W* H. Gladding, second
lieutenant; Wm. A. Tennison, third lieutenant.
Revenue brig "Washington," at New York, N. Y.—Francis Marttn,
captain; John Faunce, first lieutenant; W, H. Slack, second lieutenant;
1). C. Constable, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Forward" at Wilmington, Delaware.—H. B. Nones,
captain; Charles W. Bennett, first lieutenant; John M. Jones, second
lieutenant; R. A. Morsell, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Campbell," at Norfolk, Virginia.—John A. Webster,
captain; Robert K. Hudgins, first lieutenant; Win. J. Rodgers, second
lieutenant; J. E. Wilson, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "James C. Dobbin," at Wilmington,North Carolina
Thomas Sands, captain; George Clarke, first lieutenant; G. R. Slicer,
second lieutenant; J. M. Nones, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Hamilton," at Charleston, South Carolina.—Thomas
C. Rudolph, captain; Camillus Saunders, first lieutenant; W. B. Richmond, second lieutenant; E. C. Hine, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Jackson," at Savannah, Georgia—Robert Day, captain; Osmond Peters, first lieutenant; D. Davenport, second lieutenant;
Zachary Forrest, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "RobL McClelland," at Mobile, Alabama.—Douglass
Ottinger, captain; J.J.Morrison, first lieutenant; James D. Usher,
second lieutenant; J. G. Bond, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Duane," at New Orleans, Louisiana.—Richard Ev*
H. Doc. 3.
115
ans. captain; J. G. Breshwood, first lieutenant; E. H. Cummins
second lieutenant; Charles H. Whee'er, third lieutenant.
'
Revenue boat "Sea Drift," at Key West, Florida.—Wm. B. Randolph, first lieutenant, in command.
Revenue cutter "Ingham,,* at Detroit, Michigan.
,
captain; Charles A. Mack, first lieutenant; E, W. Watson, second lieutenant; John F, Schultz, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Harrison"
at Oswego, New York.
,
captain; John S. Stull, first lieutenant; W, IN. J. Godwin, second lieutenant; B. J. JTellum, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Wm. L. Marcy," at San Francisco, California.—
Steven Cornell, captain; A. L. Hyde, first lieutenant; Henry Wilkinson,
second lieutenant; James H. Merryman, third lieutenant.
Revenue cutter "Jefferson Davis," at PugeVs Sound, Oregon Terri« tory.—Vf, C. Pease, captain: E. O. Murden, first lieutenant; J. H. Kellogg, second lieutenant; J. E. Harrison, third lieutenant.
O.
Circulars to Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers.
T R E A S U R Y D E P A R T M E N T , June 2 8 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR; Upon application being made to you for that purpose, by any disbursing officer of the government, you will please receive on deposite
from him any public money which may be in nis hands, and permit him
to check out the same rrt)m time to time, and in such sums as the public
service committed to his charge may require.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
T R E A S U R Y D E P A R T M E N T , July 18, 1853.
SIR: The order addressed to you on the 28th ultimt, for receiving the
deposites of public officers and permitting them to check for the same, is
so far modified as to inhibit the said officers from checking on you for
any sum less than five hundred dollars.
The object of this modification is to relieve you trom the burden of
small transactions, which are the most numerous as well as troublesome,
whilst at the same time all the security is provided for moneys in the
hands of disbursing officers which can be required.
In making your weekly reports, you will nlease accompany each with
a list of the officers who may have deposited with you, and the balance
at the credit of each at the close of Saturday's business.
Very respectfully, &c.,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
H. Doc. 3.
116
To the Assistant Treasurers at St. Louis, Charleston, Philadelphia, and
Boston.
September 2S, 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: Referring to my letter of the 18th July last, upon the request of
deposites by public officers, I have now to say, that it is the wish of this
department that they should receive all the accommodation in making
their disbursements which can be afforded consistently with the attention due to other portions of your duty. The restriction of their checks
to sums not under §500 was intended as a temporary measure, and to
prevent an undue pressure on your time, until the business should be
fairly established and tried.
The Assistant Treasurers have never had an opportunity of forming
some judgment of the nature of the business, and of the extent of it
•within the region of their offices; and it is desirable, if possible, that the
restrictions should be altogether removed, or if not altogether removed,
considerably reduced. In the sub-treasury at New York, where the
largest amount of business has been done and will continue to be done,
the Assistant Treasurer has already proposed a reduction to checks of $25;
and it is to be hoped, as the number below that sum would of coupe
be inconsiderable, that he will in the end find that he can dispeusc with
any restriction whatever.
The object of this letter is, therefore, to request that you will not
impose a higher restriction than $25, and to impress my hope that you
can dispense with any restriction. It is not intended, where a number of payments are to be made at the same time, as in the case of
troops or workmen, or pay-rolls, that you should have the trouble of
distributing such payments; but, on the contrary, in such case you are
to require the officers to draw the amount of such rolls in gross.
You will please forward, along with each weekly return transmitted,
in duplicate, to this department and the Treasurer of the United States, a
list of the public officers who have deposited with you, and the amount
to the credit of each at the close of the business week or fractional period
for which the return is made.
Very respectfully,
T R E A S U R Y DEPARTMENT,
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury•
Y.
General Instructions.
T R E A S U R Y D E P A R T M E N T , June 1 5 , 1 8 5 3 SIR: It is deemed expedient by this department to require certain
changes to be made by collectors in the form of their revenue accounts?
and in the time at and for which they are rendered. With this view, abstracts are herewith enclosed, marked A, B, which will serve at once to
mcucate the changes intended, and as forms in lieu of those heretofore
H. Doc. 3.
117
I* You will perceive, by the caption of both abstracts, that they are
designed for a month, and not for a quarter. These accounts are therefore required, from and after the close of the present quarter, to be rendered monthly instead of quarterly, as heretofore.
2. The first column of abstract A, headed "Date of receipt," is to
show the exact day when each payment is made, instead of such payments being distinguished, as heretofore, by the name of the ship, upon
the importation in which the duties accrued.
3. The column headed u Importer," is designed to show the name of
the person who pays the duty credited; and the colamn marked Description of goods," is designed to give, as fully as may be, the articles
chargeable with such duty.
4. The column marked "No. of manifest or entry," is designed to
show that such vouchers are hereafter required to be rendered with each
abstract to which they belong, and to be entered and endorsed with consecutive numbers for convenient reference.
The remaining columns of this abstract, and those of abstract B, are
believed to be sufficiently descriptive, without further explanation, of the
entries therein required to be made.
The department desires that these forms shall be fully observed and
used in all their columns by all collectors. But as it is supposed there
may be some difficulty in the larger districts in filling the 2d, 3d, 4th,
5th, and 6th columns of abstract A, every collector, in whose district
there is a naval officer, is allowed for the present, and until further notice, to enter the said particulars or not, at his discretion; but all other
collectors are strictly required to insert the particulars indicated in the
headings of the said olumns.
These forms will in like manner be observed by the surveyors of the
customs, who act as collectors in the collection of revenue.
In districts in which there are deputy collectors at other points than
the port of entry, and who make collections and report to the collector of
such district, such deputy collectors will, in like manner, observe and
use abstract A, in making such reports; and the collector receiving the
same, and the duties therein acknowledged, will transmit the abstract of
his deputy, with his own, to the department.
The time at which the accounts of collectors, thus modified, are to be
rendered, is immediately upon the close of each month. Two days, it
is supposed, will be sufficient in the small districts, after the month ends,
for closing the accounts and starting them by mail to the department;
and in no district, it is hoped, will the time of transmission be allowed
to excced one week.
I am, very respectfully,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
To
, Esq.,
Collector of the Customs.
120
A.
Abstract of duties'on goods, wares, and merchandise, imported in
of-
vessels into the district of
during the month
DUTIABLE VALUES.
Dato of receipt. Importer.
Ship.
When and whonco Number of mani- Description
of goode.
fest or entry.
arrived.
At 5 At 10 At 15 At 20 At 25 At 30 At 40 AtlOO
pr. ct. pr. ct. pr. ct. pr. ct. pr. ct. pr. ct. pr. ct. pr.ct.
Amount o£
duties.
a
©
g
CO
B.
Abstract of excess of unascertained duties for the month oj
H. Doc* 3,
119
w.
Abstract oj balances standing unsettled on the books of the Treasury Department, showing the amount of said balances on the 4M oj March, 1853,
the amount closcii by settlement or collection since that day, and the amount
remaining due or unsettled.
In what office and on what account
tho said balances arise.
Balance March
4,1653.
In the First Auditor's office, on account of old internal revenue and
direct taxes, miscellaneous re*
ceipts and expenditures, revenue
from customs, expenses of collecting revenue, light-houses and marine hospitals.....
$90,330,594 96
In the Second Auditor's office, on account of the War Department....
874,049 42
In tho Third Auditor's office, on account of tho War Department.... 17,457,101 GO
In tho Fourth Auditor's office, on account of tho Navy Department....
9,085,335 46
In tho Fifth Auditor's office, on account of foreign intercourse...... 12,622,534 59
In tho Sixth Auditor's office, on account of tho Post Office Depart400,019 45
ment
In tho office of tho Commissioner of
1,675,463 61
tho General Land Office
Total
132,521,704 09
Since closed by
settlement or
payment.
Remaining due or
unsettled.
$16,694,879 70
$73,444,715 26
78, oat 01
796,015 41
9,350,091 19
8,106,110 41
3,423,929 01
5,662,406 45
377,433 64
12,245,095 95
5,706 43
2
, 175 52
run
440,913 02
30,500,154 50
1,326,293 09
102,021,549 59
X,
Instructions to the First and Second Comptrollers of the Treasury and the
Commissioner of Customs„
TREASURY
DEPARTMENT,
November 21, 1853.
SIR: Having called upon the Register of the Treasury, and the Second, Third, and Fourth Auditors, for statements of the balances outstanding on their books on the 4th March last, including the portion
closed by settlement or collection since that time, these officers have
furnished statements for the several branches of the public service, the
accounts of which are registered and kept in their offices respectively.
From these statements it "appears that there remained
unsettled on the books of the Register, on transactions
subject to settlement in the office of the First Auditor
of the Treasury, balances amounting to
- $73,444,715 26
In the office of the Fifth Auditor, balances amounting
to
12,245,095 95
120
H. Doc. 3.
In the office of the Commissioner of the General Land
Office, balances amounting to
-
-
On the books of the Second Auditor, relating to the AY ar
Department, balances amounting to
On the books of the Thiiti Auditor, also relating to the
W a r Department, balances amounting to
-
vj
/
11
-
o , l u o , l i u 41
On the books of the Fourth Auditor, relating to the
Navy Department, balances amounting to -
^
o,Ub^4UU4o
Making in all
8101,5S0,636 57
over and above the sum of $30,474,448 07, closed by settlement or collection since the said 4th March.
These statements are herewith respectively transmitted for your con*
sideration and action thereon.
The fact of this large amount of money oj>en on the books of the
Treasury Department, and the looseness and irregularity it implies, are
very unsatisfactory, and must be remedied. They lead to the presumption of defects in, or the entire want of system for, the management of
the business, and call imperatively for the adoption of a proper system,
and for active and vigilant proceedings under it, to secure the rights of
the United States involved in said balances. If a perfect system can be
devised and put in operation, and proper efforts made by the officers of
the department, I cannot doubt that an effectual change can be brought
about in a state of the accounts so discreditable.
From the best examination I have been able to give to these statements, I conclude that, besides the current advances in the course of
expenditure, a large portion of the balances might be settled and closed
without difficulty, if the proper steps are taken to obtain the accounts
and vouchers upon which the settlements depend. For another large
portion suits have heretofore been directed, and are in the course of
prosecution under the decision of the Solicitor. And there is another
portion, in which, from the time the balances have been on the books,
there can be but little prospect now of ever realizing anything from
them. But there is another large portion, which, it is believed, may be
collected by proper exertions, explanations and appeals, if the business
is zealously undertaken, and without harassing the parties with suits,
or subjecting them, or the United States, to costs.
As to thefirst-mentionedportion of these balances, it is not only derogatory to the government, but unjust to individuals, to keep alive
balances against them on the books, which are not really due; and, as
to the last, on which money is due, to neglect, from year to year, to
make demand, and urge and enforce payment, is but to encourage defalcation and peculation upon the public treasury.
The tenth section of the act of 3d March, 1817, entitled " An act to
provide for the prompt settlement of public accounts," provides that " it
shall be the duty of the First Comptroller to superintend the recovery oi
all debts due to the United States, to direct shits and legal proceedings;
and take all such measures as may be authorized by the laws to enforce
the prompt payment of all debts due to the United States."
The second section of the act of the 15th May, 1820, provides, in the
case of any collector of the revenue, receiver of public money, or other
officer, who shall have received public money before it is paid into the
IL Doc. 3.
121
treasury of the United States, and who shall fail to render his accounts,
or pay over the same in the manner or within the time required by law,
that it shall be the duly of the First Comptroller of the Treasury to
cause to be stated the account of such collector, receiver of public money,
or other officer, exhibiting truly the amount tftie to the United States,
and to certify the same to the agent of the treasury. And the third section of the same act provides, in the case of any officer employed, or
who has heretofore been employed in the civil, military, or naval departments of the government, to disburse the public money appropriated for
the service of those departments, and who shall fail to render his accounts, or to pay over in the manner and in the times required by law,
or the regulations of the department to which he is accountable, any
sum of money remaining in the hands of such officer, that it shall be the
duty of the First or Second Comptroller of the Treasury, as the case
may be, who shall be charged with the revision of such accounts, to
cause to be stated and certified the accounts of such delinquent officer
to the agent of the treasury.
The twelfth section of the act of 3d March, 1849, provides for the
appointment of an officer in the Department of the Treasury, " to be
called the Commissioner of Customs, who shall perform all the acts and
exercise all the powers now devolved by law on the First Comptroller
of the Treasury, relating to the receipts from customs, and the accounts
of collectors and other officers of the customs, or connected therewith.'5
It follows, from these several provisions of law, that the duty therein
prescribed, of causing the accounts te be stated, exhibiting truly the
amount due to the United States, devolves—
1st. In respect to all receipts from the customs, and to the accounts
of all the officers thereof, upon the Commissioner of Customs.
2d. In respect to accounts for all other receipts or advances in the
civil department of the government, upon the First Comptroller of the
Treasury.
3d. And in respect to accounts for receipts and advances in the military and naval departments, upon the Second Comptrollerof the Treasury.
The duty of causing the accounts to be stated, " exhibiting truly the
amount due to the United States," implies more, in mv opinion, than
the mere present or clerical statement of the account. It comprehends
the supervision of all the preliminary steps which are usual and necessary to fix and ascertain the true condition of the debt, and the propriety
of instituting suits; and it especially includes the transmission of the
accounts to the individuals, and the consideration of their objections and
vouchers, as a means of arriving at that condition. An explanation of
the accounts, and an appeal and demand for payment, is due to every
person before he is visited with the annoyance and discredit of a suit.
The responsibility of seeing that these preliminary measures are taicen,
rests with you; and the probability is, that if they are propeily pursued,
and immediately upon the defaulting officer going out of service, a resort
to suit would rarely be necessary. Whenever it becomes indispensable,
the preliminary correspondence would furnish information of the residence of the parties, their circumstances, and the defence, if any, likely
to be made.
f In this connexion I must call your attention to the penal provisions of
the Independent Treasury act, and request that they may be invoked
H. Doc. 3.
122
in every case of default in which they may be proper, and not barred by
the statute of limitations.
I have also to call your attention to the provisions of the act of 25th
January, 1828, to prevent defalcations on the part of disbursing officers,
and for other purposes, aiid to request that you will enjoin on the several
auditing offices, and observe in your own, an cxact attention to the
restrictions contained therein.
With these views on the subject of this large debt, I have to request
that you will respectively prepare, as soon as may be, the proper directions
and instructions to the several Auditors, including the Commissioner of
the General Land Office, whose accounts you revise, to proceed forthwith in the business of settling up and closing the accounts'and balances
in question. The instructions should require each of the auditing
officeis—
1st. To open a docket of all the outstanding debts of officers and
others out of service, the settlement of which appertains to his office,
and to add to the docket, from time to time, the names and balances of
others, as they may go out of office, or cease to receive or disburse.
For this purpose, notice of these changes in office will be requested from
the proper departments, and will be communicated to the proper Auditor
by you, as received.
2d. To transmit immediately to the persons indebted, statements of
their accounts, to explain the items in dispute, to demand and urge payment, and to ascertain, in the event of failure, their residence and
circumstances, or, in the event of their death, of their estates and their
legal representatives.
3d. In the event of inability to collect, to report the ease to you,
with the steps taken, and the information collected, to enable you to
decide upon the propriety of instituting suits, or criminal proceedings,
as the case may be.
4th. To make to you a report, at the end of each quarter, to be submitted to this department, of his proceedings, showing the number and
amount of such debts on hand, the amount added during the quarter,
and the amounts closed by settlement, or collection, during the quarter.
In communicating these orders and instructions to the auditing officers, you will please impress those officers with the great importance
attached to the duty in hand, and to the necessity of their prosecuting
it with energy and judgment.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
r, ^
_
Secretary ofJ the Treasury.
T,r
ELTSHA W H I T T L E S E Y , E s q . ,
First Comptroller of the Treasury.
J . M . BRODHEAD, E s q . ,
Second Comptroller of the Treasury.
H . J . ANDERSON, E s q . ,
Commissioner of Customs.
123 H. Doc. 2.,
Y.
Instructions relative to duly
bonds.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT *
September 9,4853*
SIR : I enclose, herewith, a copy of a letter from the First Auditor of
the Treasury, and of a statement enclosed in said letter, of the amount
of bonds taken for duties in the several collection districts, which remained uncollected and outstanding on the 30th June, 1853. The
whole amount is S6,292,776 05; the several amounts composing which,
for the respective districts, now stand as debits in the accounts, generally,
of the present collectors, having been carried, by merely formal entries,
from account to account of succeeding collectors, without there being
any actual liability on their part, and without any practical benefit to
accrue for such accounting to the United Suites.
^ On the contrary, the Auditor states, that much trouble and waste ef
time is incurred in repeating these pro forma entries in the current accounts of collectors, as they are adjusted and stated in his office, from
month to month, and that much confusion, trouble, and delay take
place in tracing out and entering the proper credits arising in them,
whenever casual collections are made on account of these old bonds,
and the money is paid in, and reported by district attorneys or marshals
to the treasury.
I agree entirety with the opinion of the Auditor, that these bonds
should not be retained, as useless and unmeaning items, in the accounts
of collectors; not only for the reasons stated by him, but because they
serve to mystify and conceal the true condition of these accounts; and
because, as they are not true in their import, nor binding in fact or law,
the implications they involve are inconsistent with all sound and correct
principles of accounting.
I have therefore to request you to instruct the Register, in the first
place, to open general accounts of these bonds on the books of the
treasury, charging it with the amounts outstanding in each district, and
crediting the collector for such district to whom such amount now
stands debited; in the second place, to open a register of these bonds,
Under the head of each district, showing the date and amount of each
bond, the principal debtor and sureties, when it fell due, and the name
of the collector by whom said bond was taken; and, lastly, to ascertain and note in said register the true condition of each of said bonds—
whether the debt has been released or compromised, or judgments in the
cases had against the United States, with the dates, <fcc., of such acts, so
that the said register may become a permanent record and book of reference, to show, at all times, what bonds have been paid, released, or lost,
and what remain due.
I am, very respectfully,
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
H . J . ANDERSON, E s q . ,
Commissioner of
Customs.
Treasury.
1 2
H.
4
DOC-
3.
Z.
Balances on the books of the
•
SOLICITOR'S
Solicitor.
OFFICE,
November 2 5 , 1 S 5 3 .
From tables prepared at this office, it appears that on accounts sett l l Z ^ T J ^ ? ^ on other miscellaneous accounts from the comt n c e m e n l of the'government to October last, there
^
^
^
suits, amounting to the sum of
,
That, during the same period, suits were brought on
duty bonds to the amount of
lu/su^b-u oi
36,114,824 22
That there has been collected on treasury accounts, &c. S 1 ®,631,642 62
Duty bonds collected
4,4<b,9So 28
15,108,627^
And that there are still outstanding 2,159 suits and
judgments, amounting to $ l l,.Hb,bU4 to
And judgments on duty bondsstilloutstanding, amounting to
6,32S,i 14W
Total outstanding
-
-
*
"
Very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
P. B. STREETER,
Solictor.
H o n . JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
A A.
Report of the Third
Auditor.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Third Auditor's
Office, October 3 I , 1853.
SIR: In addition to the report made to you in my last respecting th0
condition of this office, I have the honor to state, that when I took
charge of the office, on the 25th of April, I found some of the most
important branches of it greatly in ariear. Upon examination, I a t
once discovered that the force employed, (78 clerks,) if properly ar*
ranged, was adequate not only to bring up the work, but to keep it up;
and having considered the plan of dividing the office into branches, and
finding it, if properly carried out, one of great practical utility in the despatch of business, and promotive of the best results in the administration of its affairs, I determined to continue it. It is now composed of
seven regular and distinct divisions, with the necessary auxiliaries* Each
division has a principal accountant or chief, who has charge of all the
books and accounts pertaining thereto, and conducts and supervises the
125 H. Doc. 2.,
correspondence emanating therefrom. The branches are designated as
follows: first division, the bookkeepers'; second, quartermasters' department; third, subsistence department; fourth, pension department; fifth,
topographical engineers department; sixth, miscellaneous department:
and, seventh, soldiers' claims and bounty land department.
In the reorganization of the office under the act of the 3d of March
last, I arranged the branches with a strict eye to efficiency and the despatch of business, having in view at the same time the suitableness of
each clerk for the branch to which he was assigned; and, although the
chiefs of each have in a greater or lesser degree labored under the serious
disadvantage of instructing and teaching a large proportion of the force
assigned them, the beneficial results of the course pursued, under strict
discipline, will be manifest on an examination of the following facts in
detail, and which will go to show that the work of the office has not
only been brought up, but that it is now in a healthy and efficient state,
by which the interest of the government will be promoted, to the end
that the outstanding balances, many of which are large, may be recovered to the treasury, and that in future, by the prompt settlement of the
accounts as they are rendered, prevent large balances from remaining
in the hands of the officers and agents who have ceased to disburse—a
practice, I have discovered, that has been of too long standing for the
public good.
The bookkeepers' division, although amply supplied with work from
the various branches, still maintains the utmost promptness, in affording
the necessary facilities in the settlement of the accounts. The books
of this branch number thirty-nine heavy ledgers, and forty*nine journals, representing the monetary transactions of the government, connected with this office, from the year 1T9I—a period of sixty-two years.
In the quartermasters' division, from the 25th of April to 30th of October, 1853, there will have been reported for the revision of the Second
Comptroller, three hundred and eighty-eight separate settlements of account*. From that period until about the 1st of June, there was considerable confusion naturally consequent upon a change of administration of the head of the office: numerous changes took place by
removals, new appointments, and resignations, of which this division
had its full share. This caused almost a suspension of effective work,
and it was not until the 1st of June that the division was arranged upon
its present plan. Then again, on the 1st of July, came the classification
under Mr. Hunter's bill; and a good deal of time was taken up in the
examination of the clerks, during which very little was done. After the
division was fairly organized, it suffered much from sickness and unavoidable absences among the members. These matters are mentioned
to show the drawbacks and hindrances to which it has been subject,
and that in placing a fair estimate upon its work a period anterior to the
1st of June should not be resorted to. On that day there were unsettled
in this office 1,028 quarterly money and property accounts of the disbursing officers of the Quartermaster's department, some of them extending
back to the year 1847, the middle of the Mexican war, and which had remained in the office unsettled for Jive years. Besides these, there was
a vast accumulation of unsettled property accounts, unaccompanied by
those of money disbursements, some going back to the year 1836, and
which had been in the office for more than fifteen years. As soon
H. Doc. 2.,
126
forty nine sememe ma, c^u
«
counts. The monthly settlements beingFor June
July
August
September October From 23d of April to 1st of June there were
In all
-
62
49
84
- 104
- 50
— 349
39
-
388
Besides these, the whole arrearage of property, unaccompanied by
money accounts, with the exception of a few for the 2d and 3d quarters
of 1853, has been brought up—a wo.k of no little magnitude, when it is
considered that relative thereto there were written no less than 500 official letters, besides the Jabor of the settlement. Since the 1st of June,
1853, there have been received for settlement in the office 232 quarterly
accounts, many of which are now settled. The number of disbursing
officers who render quarterly accounts is 170, and the number of accounts
remaining unsettled is only 112: these are generally small, the leading
and heaviest having been already disposed of, and none, as has been
before observed, are older than the 3d quarter of 1852.
Before the meeting of Congress, I am perfectly satisfied that there
will not be a solitary account, that ought to be, that will not have been
disposed of—a state of the department which has not been known in this
office for the last seventeen years. From the afo;egoing, I trust, sir, that
ou will view the condition of this division as satisfactory. No effort
as been or will be spared to make it entirely so, and many improvements are in contemplation which will be suggested in due time.
In the subsistence branch there has been, for the last six or seven
years, a force generally employed of six clerks; with this force the
work has been accomplished with satisfaction to ail parties, owing to
the excellent system adopted for conducting the business of this branch
previous to its being committed to my charge, and which has been con*
tinued. A rigid accountability for all money or property, of whatever
kind, received by officers and agents of the Commissary department, has
always been maintained; and, notwithstanding the increased business
thrown upon it by the Mexican war, I do not know of a single
instance where the current business of this branch was delayed, or
where an officer has left dissatisfied by the want of p r o m p t a c t i o n and
J
II. Doc. 3.
127
courteous attention on the part of the clerks in this branch of the public
service.
In consequence of the pressing calls of volunteers, officers and others,
for an immediate settlement of their accounts at the close of the Mexican war, and their going out of the service, there was, of necessity, a
postponement of many accounts which could be delayed without detriment to the public interest. This postponed work was in process of
final examination, when, in the beginning of 1851, nearly the whole
force of this branch was taken for other duties, leaving but three clerks
to execute the current and pressing business until September, 1852, when
three additional clerks were detailed, two of whom had the duties to learn.
With this force (the head of the branch and five assistants,) the back work
was being gradually brought up, until the 4th March, 1853: since that
period, and in consequence of the increased impetus given by the new
and more perfect organization of the force of the whole office, business
has been very materially advanced. There have been audited since the
4th March last some 264 difFeieiit accounts, involving from one to eight
quarters. All of the accounts reaching back through the year 1851 have
been taken up and audited. A large majority of the accounts of 1852,
and many of 1853, have been likewise audited, and admitted, and certified, by the Second Comptroller; so that at the present time there are
about 150 officers' accounts on file in the subsistence branch, unsettled.
All these accounts are included in the years 1852 and 1853, and none go
beyond the 2d quarter of 1852. Many are delayed for papers necessary
to thfir final adjustment, which have not yet reached the office. This
branch may be fairly stated to be in a healthy and forward state, and
ready, at any moment, to meet every call upon its labor contemplated
in its establishment.
To the fourth division are assigned the keeping and settlement of all
the pension agents' accounts, and the pension claims payable at the
ueasury, under the acts of 6th of April, 1838, ard 23d of August, 1852,
involving an annual expenditure of from two to two and a half millions
of dollars.
The business of this branch has seldom been in arrears. On the 4th
of March, however, owing to the transfer of two o? its seven clerks to
the engineer and bounty land branches, to aid them in their exigencies,
the business had fallen in arrears. On that day there were 45 pension
agents' accounts and 12 pension claims unsettled: to these were added,
as they were received, between the 4th March and 1st October, 120 agents'
accounts, and 346 claims; making in all 523, only 84 of which were
disposed of prior to the 25th of April. Under the new organization of
the office, the force of the branch was increased to seven clerks, under
an assurance that all arrears should be "brought up" and settled by the
1st of October. By the closest application and attention to business on
the part of the clerks employed, that promise has been fully redeemed:
every account and claim on that day was either settled or reported upon.
On the same day, however, the 3d quarter's accounts became due, and
during the month 38 agents' accounts and 57 claims were received: of
these all the claims have been reported upon or settled, and 11 of the
agents' accounts. Thus it will be perceived that from the 4th of March
to the 31st of October, 176 pension agents' accounts and 415 pension
claims, in all 691—S4 of which only were disposed of prior to the 25tb
128
H.
Doc- 3 .
of April—have been settled or reported upon, leaving, of those received
in October, 27 agents' accounts unsettled. During the same period
there were received S63 letters on business connected with the branch,
and 852 written. Of calls for information from the Pension Office,
which have been received and answered during the same period, there
are estimated to have been answered 2,7S0, only 300 of which were disposed of prior to the 25th of April.
In the fifth division, the engineer and topographical engineer accounts, it will be seen from the following details that the number of
quarter-yeariy accounts which had been referred to this office for adjustment, within the periods stated, consisted: 1st, of the number on file
and adjusted on 23d April, 1S53, 253; 2d, of the number received from
the 23d April to the 31st October, 1853, 202—making in nil, total received 455. It will also be seen that there have been adjustei and reported to the Second Comptroller as follows, viz : 1st, of those on file
on the 23d April, 1853, 23S; 2d, of those received between 23d April
and 31st October, 1853, 160—making a total adjusted, of 39S. And
that there now remain on file and unadjusted the following: 1st, of those
on file on 23d April, 1853, 15; 2d, of those accrued between 23d April
and 31st October, 1S53, 42—making a total now on file, 57, Of the
number now on file the adjustment of 40 accounts has been advanced
as far as the information furnished with them admitted, and the final
adjustment of them, therefore, can be readily effected when the further
information called for shall have been received; and the remainder (17)
may be said to comprise the number of accounts now on file, in the adjustment of which no progress has been made.
This result is consequent mainly upon the greater number of clerks
employed, detailed temporarily from other divisions of the office, and
partly from their increased efficiency, resulting from experience and
diligent attention to business. The efficiency here spoken of may be
considered still progressive, and justifies a confident expectation that
the small number of accounts now on file will be speedily a d j u s t e d , and
that those required to be rendered at the expiration of each quarter will
be promptly disposed of as fast as received. No doubt is entertained
that this may be done, notwithstanding the greatly increased number
of accounts resulting from the numerous appropriations for h a r b o r and
river improvements.
In the sixth division, (miscellaneous branch,) the chief, with his
assistants, have been assiduously occupied in careful investigation
of, and in relation to, the claims' under their charge; in making
awards in cases sufficiently established; in preparing reports, describing, as to other cases, the difficulties preventing the allowance
thereof, as exhibited, and the kind of additional evidence requisite to be
produced as to such of them as may apparently be rendered admissible,
and in answering all applications as to the claims ottered to this branch.
Of these applications a register is kept, in which is entered each claim,
the date of its reception, the name of the claimant, and also the name of
the attorney or others authorized to prosecute the claim, its object fully
noted, and when attended to. By this register it is found that from the
11th of March, 1853, to the present time, the average
separate
applications being 168, many of them singly relating to various claims,
and requiring to be answered, have been referred to this branch; and
tne records of the awards, reports, and correspondence, exhibiting the
n u m b e r
o f
II.Doc.3.
129
result of the investigations within this period, including all claims of a
miscellaneous character, are found to fill some 400 pages, closely written,
of large volumes. It is only in this general way that the condition of
the business of this branch of the office can be clearly shown, tfnless by
recourse to the papers in the thousand of cases in detail, to learn the
action in each case; a procedure that would require a great length of
time.
Claimants, and their agents or attorneys, rarely consider claims as
finally decided whilst remaining unpaid. The case may have been
actually disallowed as unprovided for by law, or on other grounds, or
suspended for want of adequate evidence remaining unfurnished, and
still be the subject of often reiterated applications through members ot
Congress or others; and often failing in success through one, try again
through another. Even payment does not always put an end to them.
In numerous instances in the last four years, claims have been sent on,
with modern affidavits in their support, as to losses during the war with
Great Britain, the Seminole campaign of 1S18, the Black Hawk war,
the Florida war, and the late war with Mexico, for which remuneration
has been discovered to have been received long ago. Much time is unavoidably consumed in the searches as to such cases, and in answering
the many applications respecting them.
The claims yet remaining unreported upon are believed to be principally
in the names of Missouri mounted volunteers, and are very numerous
Many of the claims of the volunteers of that State ha\re been investigated
and reported upon, to members of Congress and other applicants, and the
reports manifest the difficulties in which, on various grounds, the same
are severally involved. At an early period it was discovered that the
claimants in that State had generally obtained many payments from the
paymaster, in lieu of forage, to which they were not entitled by law, and
to the allowance of which the paymaster had been led by incorrect
entries on the muster-rolls. Their losses are chiefly ascribed to failures
on the part of the United States to furnish sufficient forage, and those
failures were caused by the impracticability of procuring forage in most
of the places where the Missouri volunteers were on duty, and the
United States could not be rightfully called upon to pay both for the
forage they failed to supply, and for the horses too ; the losses of which
resulted from the failure. The laws under which the payments in lieu
of foVage were made, authorized them in no other cases than those in*
which the volunteers furnished the forage themselves ; and if they had
in fact so done, they could not have sustained losses by reason of the
non*supply of it, nor, consequently, have had claims in respect to such
losses.
In many instances the payments exceed in amount the valuation of
the animal; and in others, the payments so affected the claims as to leave
very little allowable on them, even if unobjectionable in other respects.
Under the circumstances, the agent concerned for many hundreds of the
claimants signified that he wanted no more reports, as further legislation
was contemplated, which would obviate all such difficulties, and in
February, 1850, a bill designed for the purpose is shown to have been
introduced in the House of Representatives by the Hon. J. S. Phelps, and
to have been referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. At the following'session it appears to have been reported by the committee, and passed
130
H. Doc. 2.,
bv the House with sundry amendments, but has not yet become a law.
Hence the investigations of the claims of Missouri volunteers, extent m
instances in which reports were specially called for, were postponed, m
order that others, more urgent, might be attended to. Since the last
adjournment of Congress the agent alluded to has applied for reports m
particular cases, which have been prepared and furnished; and has also
expressed a desire for reports on the cases generally, in which he is concerned, and these will be acted upon without avoidable delay. The
testimony adducd in support of the claims of the kind in question is all ex
parte, and cannot in many instances with safety be trusted: it demands,
therefore, very careful and scrutinizing investigations, with recourse to
every sort of documentary evidence likely to afford information affecting
it in every instance; and in progressing with the work, since the presentation of the aforesaid report of the 1st of January, 1S50, the chief of
the branch has found abundant causes for the apprehension it shows
him to have then entertained.
The duty of investigating cases, and of preparing the awards, reports,
and correspondence in relation thereto, is a very arduous one, and pressing, as it necessarily must, the supervision of the head of the branch;
and independent of this duty, occasionally, and not unfrequently, there
is assigned to the chief and his assistants, for examination and reports,
in consequence of calls of committees of Congress and the heads of
departments, old miscellaneous war claims, in the contractors', commissary and quartermasters' departments, generally very intricate, as well
as important in their amounts or principles, and requiring very extensive
searches in various sources, and the preparation of reports of great
length, which do not appear on the books before m e n t i o n e d , but are
recorded in the others appropriated to the general business of the office.
The soldiers' claims and bounty land branch I found considerably in
arrears, and immediately made such arrangements with regard to it as to
insure its being brought up, and that desired end has been accomplished.
Any claim that may now be presented can be acted upon and disposed
of without any other delay than ihe time required in making the necessary examination. On this branch thirty four clerks have heretofore
been employed; but as that number was found unnecessary, by tho
diminished number of bounty land cases under the act of September 2S,
1850, the force has been gradually reduced by transfers to other branches
and employments, until ten clerks have been, for the last three months,
found sufficient to keep the work in perfect control.
Since the 25th of April last, upwards of sixteen thousand bounty land
cases, with seven hundred and thirty invalid and half-pay pensions,
have been examined and certified to the Commissioner of P e n s i o n s , and
nine hundred and thirty soldiers' claims for arrears of pay, bounty,
have been examined and disposed of.
Before concluding this report, it is but justice to the gentlemen
engaged in this bureau, that 1 should bring to your attention the manner
in which they have discharged the duties assigned to them, since it
came under my control, in the arduous labor of bringing up the heavy
arrearages of business which we found in the bureau. I have been met
and supported by the accountants and clerks in a manner worthy of a'1
praise: to patient and untiring industry they have brought a zeal for the
public interest, which has contributed in a great degree to the satisfac
II. Doc. 3.
131
tory condition in which the business of the office is now shown to be.
To give an illustration of the spirit which pervades the whole corps of
the bureau, I will state one fact: the quartermasters' branch, which is
the only one in which the business is not settled up as near to the day
as the security of the public interest would justify, and which has failed
to realize my anticipations only because of the protracted illness of some
of the best clerks on it, have, with but one or two exceptions, voluntarily agreed to work three extra hours each evening, in order to close the
settlements on that branch. I feel confident that, by the meeting of
Congress, every account on this branch, that is in a condition to be
settled, will be disposed of.
With great respect, your obedient servant,
F* B U R T , Third
H o n . JAMES
Auditor.
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
~c &cc
** Oj
to
IS
o
I~ s0)?
tu ^
» jg
I t 5
!
%< «
E§«
t Z>O
9}
o3
«
ya 230J
ns 6 1 .
7
«g
I Miscellaneous claims set! tied from April 23,
| 1853, to Oct. 31,1853.
IS
Requisitions passed from
April 23,1853, to Oct.
31,1853.
Statement showing the number of accoutits settled in this office since the 23d
of April last; also the number of letters addressed to ituiividuals on official
business, together with the number of bounty land cases examined, and
requisitions passed, sincc that time, designating the number of each disposed
of up to the 31 st October, 1S53.
Quartermasters* accounts*.......
Subsistence accounts
Engineer accounts
... *
Pension accounts...............
Correspondence................
Bounty land drums..... .... ....
3SS
261
393
155
4
4,225
352
10,6G3
1,603
Acquisitions ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1,205
Total of each....
4,225
16,663
1,603
4,033
4,3W
Invalids'half-pay pensions, and soldiers' claims, merged in the column with miscellaneous
cuuxiis.
TRKASUKT DEPARTMENT,
Third Auditor's Qfae, October 2 3 , 1 8 5 3 .
132
H. Doc. 2.,
AB.
Report of the Third Auditor, with supplemental
TREASURY
Third Auditor's
report.
DEPARTMENT,
Ofice, November
12,1S53.
SIR: I have the honor to transmit to you herewith, a report made to
me this morning by Mr. Walter fl. S. Taylor, chief of the quartermasters' division of this office, where he communicates the pleasing information that the business of that branch lias been brought up m anticipation of the time fixed, by the 1st of December next; and as evidence
of the satisfactory manner in which the accounts hare been settled, l
bee leave to refer you to the enclosed copy 6f a letter from Major Morris
S. Miller, one of the most experienced quartermasters attached to ttie
army, and largest disbursing officers in California.
With g reatrespect,yourobedientsemnt^ u E L g
^
Acting
Auditor.
H o n . JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
P O R T READING, CALIFORNIA,
Cotton Wood Post Of tee3 September
28, 1853.
In acknowledging the receipt of y o u r sheet of difference
relative to my quartermaster's accounts, I cannot refrain from express*
ing my appreciation of the improvement in the system adopted in that
statement. It is the most intelligible sheet I have ever received relative
t o my quartermaster's accounts, although I have been disbursing since
1836. It is true, there are some items in it which I have not the data to
comprehend; they are noticed in my official letter, but the improvement
is so apparent, that I cannot refrain from noticing it. If your system
is continued for a fewyears, the disbursing agents accountable to your
office will be able to reconcile the balance declared by the Third Auditor with those of their own accounts-current.
b e e n hitherto
an impossibility, at least as far as my experience goes.
The sheet of difference has been a "bug-bear,"
b e e n known
under the soubriquet of "sheet of difficulties." The simple form adopted
by you will soon enable those accountable to you to understand exactly
how their accounts with the treasury are, and allow them to explain to
their bondsmen the'apparent discrepancies.
The principal difficulty of the disbursing quartermaster has hitherto
been to keep the account of the transfers between the Second and Third
Auditors; this has been augmented by the proceeding h i t h e r t o adopted?
ot settling, on the 1st January, (for instance) 1850, accounts for 184'
and '48, and charging to the officer all amounts received in '49, making
the balance erroneous, as the sheet of difference purported to be a settlement including only '48. Your sheet is what it ought to be, and y° u
merit the thanks of every disbursing officer; and I take the liberty ol
D E A R SIR:
T h i s
a n d
h a s
h a s
II. Doc. 3.
133
writing you unofficially, although a stranger, to acknowledge the benefit
received by the alteration.
I am, very respectfully, yours,
MORRIS S. MILLER,
Captain, A. Q. M.
To the Tamo
AUDITOR
U. S.
TREASURY,
A
Proposition
0.
to modify Second and Third Auditors' offices*
WAR
Washington}
DEPARTMENT,
November 9, 1853.
SIR: I desire to draw your attention to the inconvenience and
disadvantages arising from the present distribution of the accounts of
this department between the Second and Third Auditors.
The accounts of the recruiting service, pay department, medical department, and ordnance department, are adjusted by the Second Auditor.
Thosq of the subsistence, engineer, and topographical departments, are
adjusted by the Third Auditor, while those of the Quartermaster's department are divided between them.
The greatest practical inconveniences of this distribution fall upon
the Quartermaster's department, and are strikingly set forth by the
Quartermaster General, in a memorandum herewith transmitted, in
which it is stated that not only different vouchers in the same account,
but different items in the same voucher, have to go to different Auditors;
and that if a tent be fitted up for the accommodation of the sick, one
portion of the property must be accounted for to one Auditor, and the
remainder to the other.
As all the accounts of each of the other branches of the service are
settled by one or the other of the Auditors, the same inconvenience is
not felt in any of them, to the same extent; but it frequently happens that
officers are called on to make disbursements for other purposes than those
particularly assigned them; and in such cases the difficulty above referred
to may occur. The principal objection, however, in these cases, to the
present system, is th$ absence of that check afforded by submitting all
accounts to the same supervision, and the possibility that an allowance
might be drawn, or payment might be made, in one form through one
Auditor, and in another form from the other.
I think, under these circumstances, that the interest of the public
service, and the convenience of the department, would be promoted by
submitting all its accounts to the same Auditor. In addition to the
accounts of this department, the Second Auditor has those of the Indian
Bureau, and the Third Auditor those of the Pension Bureau, besides
several classes of miscellaneous claims; and it seems to me that the
accounts of both these branches of the Interior Department might be
properly intrusted to one Auditor, and those of this department to the
othsr.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JEFFERSON DAVIS,
Secretary of
^ H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
War.
134
H. Doc. 2.,
Memoranda
of the Quartermaster
General.
1st By an act of Congress of the 2Sth March, 1S12, the Quartermaster's department, which had been disbanded in lS02,was re-established,
and the department of Purveyor of Public Supplies was substituted by
that of Commissary General of Purchases. (Hetzell's Military Laws,
139,140, and 141.)
., , „ A
.
2d. By the oth section of an act of Congress entitled " A n act the
better to provide for the supplies of the army," <fcc., approved 3d March,
1813, the Secretary of War was authorized and directed to define and
prescribe the species, as well as the amount of supplies to be purchased
by the Commissary's and Quartermaster's departments, and the respective duties and powers of the said departments in relation to those
supplies.
3d. Regulations were prepared, in obedience to the law.
4th. The fuel, forage, straw, stationery, and all means and materials
for transporiing or quartering the troops, were to be purchased or provided by the Quartermaster's department, and all appropriations for tho
purchase of the means and materials, or payment for the services connected with those several objects, as well as the appropriation for contingencies, were to be disbursed by the Quartermaster's department.
5th. The purchase and providing of clothing, camp and garrison
equipage, &c., was assigned to the Commissary of Purchases, with the
disbursement of the appropriations required.
6th. The 9th section of an act of Congress f o r o r g a n i z i n g : the general
staff, recognises the regulations made by the Secretary of War.
7th. An act to provide for the prompt settlement o f a c c o u n t s , approved
3d March, 1817, (Hetzell's Military Laws, 193, 19-1) authorizes the
appointment of four additional Auditors, and provides that the Sccond
Auditor shall settle all accounts relative to the clothing of the army ana
the contingencies, &c.; and that the Third Auditor shall settle all
accounts of the Quartermaster's department, &c.,and all accounts of the
War Department, other than those provided for.
8th. All the officers of the Commissary's department, except the
Commissary General and two storekeepers, having been disbauded.
Congress, by an act approved ISth May, 1S26, assigned a portion of
the duty connected with the clothing and equipage of the army to the
Quartermaster's department. (Hetzell's Military Laws, 220.)
9th. An act of Congress, approved 23d August, 1842, abolished the
office of Commissary of Purchases, and transferred all the duties of the
Commissary's department to the Quartermaster's department.
10th. In consequence of the legislation of Congress, the Quartermasters department is charged with a heavy money and property accountability, the accounts and vouchers for which must be separated and sent for
settlement to the Second and Third Auditors. Officers on the frontiers,
and in the field, cannot keep appropriation accounts; and it often happens
that not only vouchers in the same account, but items in the same
voucher, have to go to the two Auditors, and every officer of the department, as well as every officer commanding a company or detachment oi
mounted troops, is obliged to make to the Quartermaster General W<>
property accounts every quarter; one of which must so to the Second?
and the other to the Third Auditor, for settlement.
II. Doc. 3.
135
11th. If canvass be taken from the same bale to make or repair a wagoncover, and make or repair a tent, or tent flv, the quantity used for each
must appear on separate returns, because the accountability for that
used in the latter case is with the Second, and that in the former with
the Third Auditor; and if plank and nails be taken to make a floor and
bunks for the sick in a hospital tent, or for the troops in an encampment,
these materials must be accounted for to the Third Auditor, while the
tents, ten t-poles, and flies must be accounted for to the Second Auditor.
12th. I care not which Auditor may he charged with the settlement
of the accounts of the Quartermaster's department; hut I do hope that
one or the other may be authorized by law to receive and settle all of
them, without reference to the other.
TH. S. JESUP,
Quartermaster
General.
QUARTERMASTER G E N E R A L ' S O F F I C E ,
November S, 1S53.
A N A C T relative to the settlement of certain Accounts of the War Department.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled, That so much of the 4th
section of the act entitled "An act to provide for the prompt settlement of
public accounts," approved 3d March, 1S1T, as makes it the duty of the
Second Auditor of the Treasury to receive all accounts relative to the pay
and clothing of the army, the subsistence of officers, bounties and premiums, military and hospital stores, and contingent expenses of the War
Department, and to examine the same, and the joint resolution approved
the 29th July, 1S50, relative to extia pay, be, and the same ate hereby,
repealed; and that all the duties and authority relative to said accounts
heretofore vested in the said Second Auditor be, and they are hereby,
repealed from and after the first day of July next, transferred to, and
vested in, the Third Auditor of the Treasury, to be exercised and performed by him as fully and effectually, in all iespects, as the said Second
Auditor was authorized or required to do by the said act and resolution,
or by any other act relative thereto; and all accounts arising in said
branches of the War Department which may remain unsettled on the said
first day of July, 1S54, and all accounts which may on that day have
been settled by the said Second Auditor, or which may otheswise remain
legally in his office, shall in like manner be transferred to the said Third
Auditor to be settled, reported on, preserved, certified, or otherwise acted
upon by said Third Auditor, in the same manner precisely as they could
or might have been by the s&id Second Auditor, if this act had not
passed.
SEC. 2. And be it further' enacted9 That all accounts of pension agents,
or relative to pensions, heretofore settled in the offices of the Third and
Fourth Auditors, shall, from and after the first day of July next, be rendered, and all such accounts remaining unsettled shall be transferred to
the Second Auditor, who is hereby vested with all the duties and authority, relative to the same, heretofore performed by the said Third or
Fourth Auditors, respectively; and such transfer of the books and accounts relating to the business modified and changed by this act, and of
such clerks employed on the same, shall be made, under the direction
136
H*
S-
of the Secretary of the Treasury, as may be convenient and suitable to
give to this act due and proper effect.
.
SEC. 3. And be it further enacted,
T h a t from and after the passage of
this act, no payment shall be made on account of any pension thereafter
allowed, of whatever name or nature, until the same fhal be examined, with the evidence on which the allowance may have been made,
and certified by the Second Auditor of the Treasury, and revised by the
Second Comptroller, as other accounts of the War and Navy Departments.
AD.
Report of the Auditor for the Post Office
Department.
O F F I C E OF T H E AUDITOR OF T H E T R E A S U R Y
FOR T H E P O S T O F F I C E D E P A R T M E N T ,
November
10, 1S53.
SIR: In reply to your letter of the 12th instant, requesting <<a report
of the operations and condition of this office, including any improvements which may have taken place therein since the -lih of March
jast," I have the honor to report, that, on entering upon my duties
m April last, I found the business of the office, as far as my limited experience in the practical operations and duties of the public offices would
enable me to judge, to be in a condition to demand the promptest and
most vigorous measures for its thorough reformation and reorganization.
Its excellent rules and regulations, which were so well known in former
years for their admirable effects upon the large amount of public business pressing upon it, as well as upon the internal order of the office
and its character abroad, had fallen into neglect and disuse. Much of
the business was in arrears, for the want of sufficient force to despatch
it; and the clerks worked at a disadvantage, for the want of the proper
mom and other accommodations and facilities for the prompt performance
of their duties.
To supply the remedy for this state of affairs in a few months, it is
supposed, would have been beyond the skill of even the most experienced in the management of the public offices; but to one like myself,
comparatively unacquainted with their practical operations, it must be
a work of time and assiduous energetic labor.
The office is divided into six divisions, of whose duties, condition*
and operations, together with the improvements I have endeavored to
introduce, I have briefly to report, as follows;
1st. Of the examining division.-—This division consists of forty clerks,
who examined, corrected, and certified, in the quarter e n d i n g December 31,1852
21,775
"March 31,1853 „
22,542
June 30, 1S53
23,000
postmasters', foreign mail, and extra commission accounts, besides conducting the large correspondence pertaining to them. In order to guajd
as much as possible against the hasty and careless examination of the
immense number of transcripts and other vouchers passing through the
II. Doc. 3.
187
hands of the examiners, I have deemed it proper to re establish the
practice (which once existed, but had lately been abolished) of re-exam*
inings and, accordingly, it is now made the exclusive duty of an experienced clerk to re-examine, at random, the accounts and vouchers as
they come from the hands of the examiners; thus detecting numerous
errors, pointing out with unerring certainty deficient or negligent clerks,
and supplying the data for improvement. The admirable working of
this arrangement has satisfied me of the propriety of its re establishment, as well as of its efficiency in detecting error and saving money to
the government.
A new feature, and, it is thought, one calculated to diminish the correspondence of the division, has also been introduced in the new mode
of certifying to )*>stmasters the errors in their respective accounts, by
transmitting to them, in the form of accounts-current, as audited, an
official statement, in juxtaposition to their own, and pointing out their
error in each item of the account. This is substituted for the error circular formerly used for this purpose, and which took the rems of error
out of the account, and gave the postmaster an undiscriminating list of
them, and forced upon him the necessity of asking for an explanation
of that which ought to be (and is, under the new circular) its own
explanation.
It is essential to the successful operation of the whole office that the
work of this division be punctually completed on the last day of each
quarter in the year; and it gives me pleasure to say that this is now
regularly done, and that (with but slight exceptions) the clerks of the
division are prompt, energetic, and assiduous in the performance of their
duties.
2d. The register's division.—This division consists of eight clerks,
whose duty it is to keep registers of the postmasters' accounts-current
as they come from the examiners, and note and certify the errors therein
to the error clerks. All the clerks employed in it are prompt, regular,
and industrious in the discharge of their respective duties; and the
work of the division was in good condition when I entered the office,
and so continues at present.
3d. The bookkeepers' division.—This" division consists of eleven
clerks, and its duties are, fas is implied in its title,) keeping the fiscal
record of the accounts with postmasters, and all others in the service of,
or in anywise connected with, the Post Office Department. By dint of
the most incessant and voluntary labor, without regard to office hours,
and often till ten o'clock at night, the back work, which had largely accumulated, has been thoroughly brought up, and, but for the unavoidable delay caused by the use of the registers in making up the large
amount of matter furnished by this office for the "Biennial Register,"
(Blue Book,) the final postings of the second quarter's accounts could be
reported as completed in every section. This obstacle having been removed, by the completion of the Blue Book matter, all the postings will
be completed in a few days.
4th. The collection division.—This division collects the revenue due
from late postmasters, and conducts the large correspondence growing
out of their accounts and furnishing statements of them when called for.
It consists of fifteen clerks; and, except in some unimportant particulars, on assuming my duties I found its business generally in good con
138
H. Doc. 2.,
dition. As some evidence of its subsequent and present activity and
efficiency, I need only mention the fact that it has collected, m the
regular course of business, without additional force, and in 2oo accounts,
the sum of $143,0S6 S6, from late postmasters, who became late since
the 4th March last. In shoit, I have no hesitation in saying that the
clerks in this division have performed promptly and accurately, within
the last eight months, an amount of labor not surpassed by the same
number of men in any branch of the government.
5th. The pay division.—The clerks of this division arc eleven in
number. They adjust and pay the accounts of the contractors on more
than 5,000 routes; conduct the correspondence growing out of them,
besides paying all the contractors on the river and foreign mail lines. I
found several of the desks of this division so overladen with work, as
to preclude the possibility of paying the contractors with that promptitude so peculiarly and imperatively demanded by the entire mail service
of the country. Having relieved the heaviest of them, and added one
clerk to its regular force, I have the pleasure of repoiting that, without
hindrance from the contractors themselves, in sending in their acknowledgments and receipts, or other unavoidable causes, this important class
of accounts will continue to be adjusted and paid with accuracy and
punctuality.
6th. The miscellaneous division.—This division, as its title imports,
conducts, under the direction of the Auditor, the suit business and general correspondence of the office, and has charge and supervision of all
other matters not properly belonging to any of the other divisions. It
consists of eleven clerks.
The chief clerk of the office (who is also the head of this division)
has charge of the legal proceedings of the office against defaulting postmasters, failing contractors, &c., and will furnish you with a statement
of the operations and results of that branch of the business, in the annual report, which I will transmit to the Postmaster General and yourself in a few days; I will only remark here, that it is in a satisfactory
condition. The clerks of this division have performed their respective
duties with an alacrity and industry which is highly commendable in
them, and greatly conducive to the prompt despatch of the public business.
In conclusion, I cheerfully acknowledge my indebtedness for the
Eresent condition of the entire office to the diligent and correct business
^ abits and qualifications of its clerical corps, which has been materially
improved in its efficiency and general character and deportment by the
rigid system of examination, prior to appointment, required by the 3d
section of the act of Congress approved 3d March last. The graduation of salaries and system of promotion contemplated by that section,
together with the re establishment and enforcement of disciplinary regulations, have also done much to diffuse throughout the office a just sense
of responsibility, and a spirit of emulation to secure promotion, not by
political or personal favor, but by that moral, intellectual, and clerical
improvement and qualification, of which it is the appropriate official acknowledgment and reward.
#
All of which is respectfully submitted.
W
T
„
WM. F
H O N . JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
PHILLIPS,
Auditor.
139
II. Doc. 3.
A B .
Report of the First
Auditor.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
First Auditor's
Office, November
15, 1853.
SIR: LA reply to your communication of the 10th instant, asking to
be informed " of the operations and condition of (this)'office, including
any improvement which may have taken place since the 4th of March
last," I have the honor to submit the following report:
There have been adjusted and reported, either to the First Comptroller
of the Treasury or to the Commissioner of Customs, having, respectively,
the revision thereof, the following accounts, viz:
Of collectors of the customs, as such
738
Of collectors of the customs, as disbursing agents of the treasury,
434
Of collectors, naval officers and surveyors, for additional compensation and official emoluments
.
.
.
178
Of superintendents of lights
.
.
.
211
Of agents of marine hospitals
.
.
.
.
.
314
Of special accounts for the construction of custom-houses, lighthouses, and marine hospitals 249
Of accounts for refunding duties illegally exacted, and net proceeds of unclaimed merchandise sold
.
.
.
236
Of marshals, clerks, attorneys, and commissioners
357
Of accounts connected with the survey of the coast of the United
States 15
Of accounts of the United States mint and its branches 36
Of accounts for the legislative and other expenses for the government of the Territories
IS
Of accounts for the Treasurer and assistant treasurer of the United
States 7S
Of salaries of all officers of the civil list paid directly from the
treasury
.
.
.
616
Of accounts for pay and mileage of members, salaries of officers,
and contingent expenses of the two houses of Congress
4S
Of accounts of the Commissioner of Public Buildings under various appropriations
.
.
.
109
Of accounts of the disbursing agents of the several departments
and bureaus of the government, for salaries and contingent
expenses thereof
.
.
.
.
510
# Of accounts for the redemption of stock under acts of 1842, '43,*
M6, '47, and '48, Texan indemnity, Mexican war bounty
scrip, and treasury notes
- 9S4
Of miscellaneous accounts
549
Exhibiting an aggregate number of accounts, of -
-
* 5,6SQ
In addition, there have been written, within the same period of time,
3,971 official letters—all of which, together with the accounts, have
been regularly recorded; making, in the aggregate of letters and accounts,
. 9,651. With reference, generally, to the character of the accounts adjusted in this office, it may be remarked, that a mere aggregate of num*
140
H* Doc. 3.
bers, however large, furnishes a very inadequate indication of the amount
of labor necessary in their examination, statement, and report, embracing,
as many of them do, large abstracts and vast numbers of vouchers; in
many instances the abstracts and vouchers exceeding 1,000 in number,
and requiring more than 5,000 separate computations. Much care and
attention are also required in their examination, whilst a very large portion of them demand great experience in their investigation, involving
large amounts of money in the way of receipts and expenditures, and
the necessity for frequent reference to laws running through a long
series of years, and all properregard to the multifarious treasury circulars.
The condition of the office is believed, in all respects, to be favorable
to the objects and ends of public duty. There is no arrearage of work.
This result has been obtained by the close and attentive application,
during the regular business hours, of all connected with the office, and,
for some months past, in the employment of many hours, daily, beyond
those assigned for official duty.
This condition, with its present force, can be maintained only at
the expense of that onerous amount of labor with which it has been
achieved, and which is not required by the regulations of the department. Believing that it is not intended to impose upon any one office
an amount of service not required by any fair rule of distribution, I
respectfully suggest that, in order to relieve this office of an undue
amount of labor, and to render its condition at all times equal to the
performance of the duties assigned to it, an increase in its clerical force,
now deemed quite inadequate, of the clerks one of class 4, one of class
3, and one of class 2, will be necessary. This addition will enable the
office to meet, with promptness and alacrity, all demands that may be
made upon it. In regard to any improvement in the office: while it is
not admitted to have been, at any time, in a condition unfavorable to the
business committed to its charge, it has, nevertheless, felt temporary
embarrassment growing out of certain exigencies which have arisen
within the period referred to in your letter. These were* the almost
entire change of officers in the civil departments of the government,
thereby duplicating accounts in every instance, and presenting the no
inconsiderable obstacle of inexperience in the manner of their rendition
by the newly appointed officers; the change of form of rendering
accounts, as required by the circular of 15th June, 1853, which, while
its terms were quite explicit, was unfortunately misconstrued by almost
every collector to whom it was transmitted, thereby requiring much
correspondence and a frequent return of accounts, informally rendered,
so as to obtain a strict compliance with the circular. Yet these difficulties have been almost wholly overcome, and the accounts of customs,
involving almost the entire revenue of the government, are now rendered
and adjusted with a promptness not before this accomplished.
Similar difficulties have also been encountered with the judiciary
accounts, in carrying into effect the provisions of the act of 26th February, 1853, providing a uniform rate of fees and charges, and also in
the manner and form of their rendition, as required by the circulars of
the First Comptroller of the Treasury, of th® loth of March and 5th of
May, 1853, under said act.
Much ^correspondence has also been rendered necessary, with coK
lectors of the customs, relative to the district quarterly accounts, required
II. Doc. 3.
141
to be furnished by them under the circular of May 10th, 1853, of fees
received under the act ef 30th August, 1852, relative to steamboats.
A greater efficiency has also been imparted to the office by a system
which I adopted on the commencement of the present fiscal year. This
system was a classification of labor, and the assignment to each class,
of such persons as, from observation, 1 believed to be best fitted to the
discharge of its appropriate duties, placing each class or division under
a control and supervision, subordinate to my own, of a chief, whose
experience and qualifications designated him for the position. I also
require punctual attendance during office .hours, prompt attention to
business, monthly reports of the condition* of each desk, and that all
accounts accruing in the office shall be examined and adjusted at the
earliest practicable date after their receipt.
These regulations have met with a ready compliance on the part of
the gentlemen connected with the office, while every demand upon their
time, beyond the usual office hours, has been cheerfully responded to.
Permit me, in conclusion, to express a hope that the additional force
which has been asked for may be granted, either by a transfer from
some other branch of the department, or in such other way as you may
deem proper.
I have the honor to be, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
T . L. SMITH,
H o n . JAMES
Auditor.
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
A F.
Report of the Seco?id Auditor»
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Second Auditor's
Office, November 14, 1853.
SIR : In answer to your request for a report of the operations and condition of this office, including any improvement that may have taken
place since the 4th of March last, 1 beg leave to submit the following:
As to the condition of this office, all the accounts of disbursing officers
are settled as readily as rendered; all claims are adjudicated as speedily
as the public interest will justify. The business of the bureau is generally up in all the branches pertaining to the disbursement of the public
money, and all communications are answered promptly.
No change has taken place since the 4th of March last^ except the
reduction of the number of clerks, which occurred on the 1st of July last.
The operations of this office consist in the settlement of the accounts
of the paymasters of the United States army; that portion of the Quartermaster's accounts chargeable to the appropriations for the contingencies and clothing of the army; all the accounts of the ordnance and
medical bureaus of the army; the property accounts of the army pertaining to clothing, camp and garrison equipage, and all the ordnance
property of every kind, both in the army and at the several arsenals and
ordnance depots, and all the property pertaining to the medical bureau.
142
H. Doc. 2.,
The money and property accounts connected with Indian affairs, of
everv description, are settled in this office.
In addition to the above, many arrearages of pay due the soldiers who
served in the Mexican war, as well as extra-pay claims, arc adjudicated
in this office. These, however, are rapidly diminishing, and will, 1 think,
in a short time be all paid. The verification for the lolls of military
service for the Pension Office in issuing bounty land warrants, occupies
the attention of this office, for all the wars since the 1st day of July,
1815. This business is also speedily drawing to a close.
The number of clerks now employed in this office, exclusive of the
chief clerk, is twenty, and I find the business as promptly attended to as
when the number was much larger.
Yerv
respectfully,
your obedient servant,
y
1
* *
P.CLAYTON,
Sccond
Auditor.
H o n . JAMES G U T H I U E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
AG.
Report of the Fourth
Auditor.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Fourth Auditor's
Office, November
11,1S53.
SIR: In obedience to your letter of the 10th instant, desiring " a report
from this office of the operations and condition thereof," I have the honor
to submit the following:
By that part of the act of Congress "making appropriations for the
naval service for the year ending on the thirtieth of June, one thousand
eight hundred and fifty.four," approved on the 3d of March, 1853, which
granted extra compensation to the officers, seamen, &c., of the navy, who
served in the Pacific squadron during the war with Mexico, and subsequently thereto, down to the 29th of September, 1850, a very large amount
of extraordinary labor was thrown upon this office. In making out and
copying the extra-pay rolls of the different vessels belonging to that
squadron, during the period referred to, almost the qntire clerical force
was constantly engaged for about three months, and a few of the clerks
for a much longer time, to the partial neglect of the current business of
the office. The labor thus imposed, as may be readily imagined, was
truly heavy, in view of the fact that no provision was made by law for
an increase of the number of the clerks of the office to meet the emergency. This work required no little care and research; and the general
great accuracy with which the rolls were prepared for the action of the
disbursing officers, proves the skill and industry which were exhibited in
the discharge of this duty upon the part of those selected for its performance. This accumulated labor, as a necessary consequence, caused an
unavoidable suspension of the regular business of the office. At the
time at which the preparations for its commencement were completed,
which was about the first of April last, the current and ordinary business
of the office was, and had been since the 4th of March, fully up to the
H. Doc. 3
143
demands upon it, except the pursers' accounts, (and some few others,
perhaps,) a considerable number of which had accumulated 011 the 4th
of March, and were then awaiting settlement. It was confidently expected, however, that during the past summer and present fall, this
branch of the business of the office would be brought up. But the aforesaid additional work thwarted expectation in this particular. Settlements
of the accounts of pursers, navy agents, and others connected with the
naval service of the United States, constitute the tegular operations of
the office. The postponement of these settlements was the source of
some embarrassment and anxiety, as well to the chief of the office as to
those who had accounts to be settled or claims to be audited. And by
such as were interested, inquiries were repeatedly made, in reference not
only to the current business of the office, but also as to the progress in
the preparation of the extra-pay accounts. To these inquiries satisfactory answers had to be given.
By comparing the regular operations of this office, since the 4th of
March last, with those of a like period in any one year for the last eight,
it is gratifying to see that, notwithstanding the extraordinary labor thrown
upon it by the act aforesaid, there is but a very slight diminution in the
amount of the work performed, especially in view of the gradual increase
annually in the duties of the office, without a corresponding increase in
the number of clerks. It is true that, in consequence of all those clerks
who are ordinarily charged with the settlement of pursers' accounts having been assigned to the extra-pay accounts, this branch of work fell
greatly in arrear. But for nearly three months last past, these clerks
have been diligently engaged in their reeular duties, and the number of
unsettled accounts is being gradually diminished. The navy pension
accounts are also slightly in arrear. The navy agents' accounts, and
those growing out of the marine service, are settled up, or in process of
settlement, as far as rendered; and the miscellaneous accounts, including
those settled by report as well as by certificate, are settled up to the current quarter.
This, however, together with the comparatively forward progress in
the other branches of the business of this office, is the result of the late
and early application to their respective duties by the clerks.
The present condition of the office exhibits a pleasing result of the
industry and capacity evinced by the clerks employed. It is true that
industry and capacity have not enabled them to keep pace with the
demands' upon the office, yet there is an abundant reason shown for it.
It is confidently hoped, however, that no accounts which are now ready
for settlement, and which have not as yet been reached in the regular %
train of business, will remain unadjusted on the first of January next.
Notwithstanding the foregoing facts, however, and the addition of two
clerks since the first of July last, I am constrained to add, that in consideration of the annual increase, though gradual, of the business of the
office, which appears from its records, the duties of it have become quite
onerous.
I have the lienor to be, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. J. O'BANNON,
Acting Fourth
H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
Auditor,
H. Doc. 2.,
144
A H.
Report of the Fifth
Auditor•
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Fifth Auditor's Ofice, November 11, 1853.
SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of
the 10th inst., requesting, on behalf of the Secretary of the Treasury,
a report on the operations and condition of this office, including any
improvement which may have taken place therein since the 4th of
March last.
In reply I have to state, that, with six clerks, there appear to have
been 752 accounts adjusted and reported to the Comptroller since the
4th March last, consisting, in part, of the following description, viz:
1st. Bankers of the United States at London.
2d. Ministers extraordinary and plenipotentiary of the United States
to Great Britain, Prance, Russia, Prussia, Spain, Brazil, Mexico, Peru,
and Chili; minister resident and dragoman to T u r k e y ; a n d commissioners
to China and the Sandwich Islands.
3d. Secretaries of legation to the several ministers.
4th. Charges des affaires to Portugal, Austria, Denmark, Sweden,
Holland, Belgium, Naples, Sardinia, Rome, VenezAtela, Buenos Ayres,
Bolivia, Guatemala, Ecuador, Nicaragua, and minister resident in Swit*
zerland.
5th. Consuls who receive pay, viz: at London, Alexandria in E^ypt,
Smyrna, Beyrout, Tangiers; Tunis and Tripoli, Barbary; Ilong Kong,
Amoy, and Shanghai, in China.
6th. Consuls of commerce and commercial agents who receive no
other pay than commissions on their disbursements for destitute seamen,
many of whom have voluminous accounts. Of this class of consuls
and agents who have accounts to settle at this office, there are 214 in
the different quarters of the world.
7th. Disbursing agents of the Department of State and of the General Post Office, and Commissioner of Patents.
Sth. Disbursing agent for the census, under the Secretary of the
Inferior, whose accounts are voluminous.
9th. Commissioners for running the boundary line with Mexico, surveyors and astronomers, and other agents under the Secretary of the
Interior. These accounts have been very large, and involved heavy
,sums.
10th. Awards of commissioners under treaties with foreign powers.
11th. Claims allowed by special acts of Congress for services and
losses by citizens in Oregon in war with the Cavuse Indians, in 184'
and 1848.
.
12th. Accounts of captains of vessels for bringing home destitute
seamen from foreign countries.
Besides the business of settling these accounts, much time and
attention is required in answering calls from the Department of State
for statements and information, in settling accounts under special acts
of Congress besides those above mentioned, and in preparing and forwarding letters on the general business of the office.
Of the accounts rendered and not settled, I have the honor to enclose
H. Doc. 2.
145
a list herewith. Some of these are not settled because the accounts of
the bankers at London for the last quarter, and from whom the parties
have drawn moneys, have not yet been received; others remain unsettled for want of time and explanation. I am not aware that any
improvement has been made within the period under consideration,
i have the honor to be, very respectfully, sir, your obedient servant,
S PLEASANTON.
P E T E R G . WASHINGTON, E s q . ,
Assistant
Secretary of the
Treasury.
List of accounts
unsettled.
Daniel D. Barnard, minister to Prussia, from 1st September, 1851.
John P. Brown, dragoman at Constantinople, from 15th May, 1850, to
30th March, 1853.
James Buchanan, minister to Great Britain, from 1st June to 30th
September, 1853.
George V- Brown, consul at Tangier, Morocco, from 1st July, 1852,
to 30th June, 1853.
Richard H. Bayard, charge to Belgium, from 1st January to 30th
June, 1851.
Daniel M. Barringer, minister to Spain, from April 1st, 1852, to Tth
November, 1853.
Cortland Gushing, chargfi to E cuador, from October 1st, 1852, to 30th
September, 1853.
Ferdinand Coxe, secretary of legation to the Brazils, from April 1st to
28th October, 1853.
Lewis Cass, jr., charge to Rome, from July 1st to 31st December,
1S52.
John Randolph Clay, charg6 to Peru, from October 1st, 1852, to 30th
June,1853.
Miller Greeve, charge to Denmark, from 30th October, 1852, to 31st
May, 1853.
R. B. Jones, consul general in Egypt, from 30th December, 1852, to
23d August, 1853.
J. R. Ingersoll, late minister to Great Britain, from August 30,1852, to
23d August, 1853.
William B. Kinney, charge to Sardinia, from April 1st, 1852, to 30tk
June, 1853.
J. B. Kerr, charge to Nicaragua, from 21st August, 1851, to 30th June,
1853.
E. J. Morris, charge to Naples, from July 1st, 1852, to 30th September,
1853.
H. H. Miller, charge to Bolivia, from 22d September, 1852, to 30th
June, 1853.
George P. Marsh, minister resident in Turkey, from July 1st, 1852, to
31st March, 1853.
Peter Parker, secretary of legation and interpreter in China, from July
1st, 1852, to 31 st March, 1853.
•
Marshal, commissioner to China; no account received.
10
H* ®oc*
146
Bailie Peyton, minister to Chili, from 1st July, 1S52, to 30th September, 1853.
_
.
Robert Schenck, minister to Brazil, from 1st January to 31st March,
1853
Francis Schroeder, charge to Sweden, from 1st July, 1S52, to 31st
March, 1853.
.
.
Luther Severance, commissioner to Sandwich islands, from 1st
October, 1852, to 30th June, 1853.
J. 3\1. Steele, charge to Venezuela, from 1st July, 1S52, to JOth September, 1S53.
Thomas M. Foote, charge to Austria, from 6th September, I So2, to
15th June, 1S53
George Folsom, charge to Netherlands, from 1st July to 31st December, 1852.
Theodore S. Fay, secretary of legation at Berlin, from 1st January to
30th June, 1853.
Same, as minister resident in Switzerland, from July 1st to September 30,1853.
William Duer, ronsul at Valparaiso, to 30th August, 1853.
Thomas As pin wall, consul at London, to 3(Uh September, 1S53.
F B Ogden, consul at Bristol, to 30ih September, 1S53.
B. Hammett Norton, consul at Pictoti, N. S., to 3Uih September, 1853.
William Carroll, consular agent at St Helena, to 30ih June, 1853.
Charles Hufferagle, consul at Calcutta.
Ed. Brandt, consul at Archangel.
C. W, Bradley, consul at Amoy.
F.
Emory, Mexican boundary survey, from 30th September, 1851,
to 31st March, 1853.
T. W. Tansill, quartermaster and commissary, from 2d September,
1S52, to 31st March, 1853.
Lieutenant Whipple, boundary survey, from 1st ArwiL 1850, to 31st
1
March, 1*53.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Fifth Auditor's
Office, Nov. 12, 1853.
A I.
Report of the First
Comptroller.
TRKAHUNY
DEPARTMENT,
Comptroller's Office, Nuvcmbir 11, 1853.
SIR : T h e Assistant Secretary of the Treasury having informed me it
is your desire to have a report irom me of the operations and u ndition
of this office, including any improvement which may have taken place
therein since the 4th of March last, it gives n.e pleasure to state that the
current business of the office is promptly taken up by the ditleien' clerks
to whom it is referred, and despatched with the haM posMr»e delay.
Ihere^are soaie old accounts yet unadjusted, arising principally
the judiciary system. They have been disposed of so iar as MiUbfaciory
H. Doc. 2.
147
explanations and evidence have been produced, and those that remain
are the subjects of correspondence and instruction.
The fee bill of February 25, 1853, will relieve this office from much
labor in the settlement of the accounts of marshals, district attorneys,
and clerks of the courts of the United States.
One clerk of the first class was added to this office by the act of March
3, 1S53. The classification of clerks provided for by that act did not
affect the clerks in this office. The duties of this office are prescribed
by law, and the mode of discharging them may be traced, with slight
changes, to the origin of the Treasury Department.
It has been sanctioned and approved by the several distinguished
officers who preceded me, and no important improvement has been suggested to my mind as practicable. Since my appointment I have opened
books of registry, that add to the convenience of the office, and, in some
particulars, to the facility of transacting its business.
The scattered positions of a part of my clerks greatly retards the business, by preventing that easy and free intercourse that should constantly
be had between the chief of a bureau and his clerks.
Most sincerely yours,
ELISHA WHITTLESEY,
H o n . JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of t/ic
Treasury*
A K.
Report of the Second
Comptroller.
TREASURY
DEPARTMENT,
Second Comptroller's
OJficc.
SIR : In reply to your request of the 10th instant, to be informed " of
the operation* and condition of this office, including any improvement
which may have taken place therein since the 4th of March last," I have
the honor to submit the following report:
Under the act of March 3, 1817, establishing this office, the revisal
an<i final decision upon all the accounts stated by the Second, Third,
and Fourth Auditors devolve up>n it, with the incidental duties of
certifying balances, counterMguing requisitions,.prescribing forms, and
keeping accounts of the appropriations for the War and Navy Departments. Ample employment is, of course, furnished for the whole force
assigned to this bureau
Since the 4th of March last a reorganization of the office has taken
place, and a new distribution of duties has been wade, with manifest
improvement, as I think, in the transaction of the public business. A
large number of unadjudicated claims were then on hand, which had
remained suspended, either for additional proof or further investigation.
All these have been, for some time, disposed of, after a thorough aud
laborious examination, continued, frequently, to a late hour of the night,
Until everything, except the current business, was. decided upm and
finished. More disputed cases have been acted upon, more decisions
given, and a more extended correspondence carried on, during this pe
148
H. Doc. 2.,
riod, than ever before in the same length of time, since the establishment of the office.
. .
.
#
It affords me great pleasure to say that, in my opinion, this oihce was
never in abetter condition than at present, in all respects affecting the
public interests. The gentlemen employed in it show a laudable desire
to augment, by their talents and industry, the reputation of the office,
with which their own is, in some degree, connected, and to discharge
faithfully their several trusts. No branch of business is in arrears; not a
single case sent here for decision remains unarijudicaied. This gratifying condition has been attained and continued only by a prompt and
assiduous attention, on the part of all, to their respective duties. If
the nature of the case admits it, every official letter is answered upon
the day it is received; and all accounts and official communications are
taken up in their regular order of reception here, carefully examined,
errors and omissions, if any are discovered, are corrected, and the ac*
counts immediately returned to their proper Auditor.
As at present organized, the office is efficient for the objects for which
it was established, and capable of meeting all the usual and customary
demands for its official action in a satisfactory manner.
There is, however, oue class of accounts, for revising which no
adequate provision has been made, and of which this office has never
taken cognizance, except in extraordinary cases. I allude to the "property accounts," which have recently been the subject of correspondence
between some of the accounting officers and ilie Secretary of the Treasury. If sufficient clerical force can be obtained for this duty, a desirable
end will be accomplished.
I am, very respectfully, yours,
J. M. BRODIIEAD,
Comptroller.
H o n . JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
AL.
Report of the Commissioner
of
Customs,
TREASURY
Office of Vommissioner
DEPARTMENT,
of Customs, November
14, 1853.
SIR : In reply to your communication of the 10th instant, requesting
information in regard to the condition and operations ol the office under
my charge, and of such improvements as may have been adopted therein
since the 4th of March last, I have the honor to submit the following
report.
When I entered upon the duties of Commissioner of Customs, in April
last, the office had lor some months been under the care of a gentleman
now occupying a responsible position in the treasury, and whose long
eXp
t ? T C e a n d i n t i l D a t e knowledge of the duties of the office had
enabled him so to regulate its business as to render any essential change
apparently unnecessary. I had the pleasure, also, to find the gentlemen
composing the official force fully competent to the discharge of the
#
H. Doc. 2.
149
various duties assigned them, and qualified, by their experience and
knowledge of business, to undertake such-additional duties as might be
directed by the department.
Since that period, I have given my best exertions to enforce a prompt
and regular despatch of the public business, and a thorough and careful scrutiny into the accounts of the different public officers which
receive their final examination and settlement in this office, and, by
continued personal supervision and participation in the current business
of each day, to guard as well against unnecessary delay, as a hasty or
imperfect examination of the accounts of public agents.
It has been my constant practice personally to examine every letter
received at the office, and to require that each communication calling for
a reply should be attended to and answered by the evening mail of the
day on which it was received.
In requesting remittances on the estimates of disbursing agents of
the treasury, each item is scrutinized; and when the authority is not
clear, the amount, or such part of it as may be liable to objection, is
withheld, the agent notified of such refusal, and the reason therefor
briefly slated ; and in the investigation of accounts of the collectors of
the customs and other disbursing agents, many of which I have personally examined, I have enjoined, at any expense of time and labor, a
thorough and rigorous scrutiny.
The final adjustment of an account is frequently delayed to await
explanations in regard to suspended items ; and the occasional absence
of clerks, from sickness or by leave, will sometimes produce a slight accumulation of business. In such cases, however, additional labor is asked
of other clerks; and being always cheerfully assumed, any considerable
accumulation is avoided.
The reports which, by your direction, have been made at the commencement of each month, show the number of accounts received at
the office, the disposition which has been made of them, and the number remaining undisposed of at the end of each month; and to which,
for a more detailed account of that part of the business of the office, I beg
leave to refer you.
The customs accounts, which by your direction, as per circular of
16th June last, were required to be made monthly, instead of quarterly,
were at first somewhat tardy and irregular; as soon, however, as the
collectors had become fully instructed in the mode of rendering their
accounts, the irregularity and delay gradually diminished, and I am gratified at being able to apprize you that these accounts are now rendered
with a good degree of promptitude—so much so, indeed, that most of
those ending on the 30th September have passed through both the
accounting offices, and many for the month ending 31st October are
now in course of examination in their office.
In conclusion, I would ask leave, if this occasion be a proper one to
do so, to call your attention to the inequality which exists in the compensation of the clerks employed in this office: every desk is responsible,
and in each, higher qualities than that of a mere copyist are required;
and some at a salary of §900 are performing duties precisely similar to
others who have $1,500. The highest sum is certainly not too much;
the lower so obviously insufficient, that I should omit performing my
duty if I failed to bring it to your notice. In this connexion I may be
150
H. Doc. 2.,
allowed to state that the clerks employed in this office have manifested
a commendable zeal in the discharge of their respective duties. They
have, so far as I am apprized, fully complied with the requirements you
h a v e prescribed, and on all occasions evinced a wilhnguess cheerful y
to co operate in their respective spheres, in carryim? out the policy which,
under your direction, has produced so marked and signal an improvement in the department to which this office belongs.
I am, with great respect, your obedient servant,
H. J. ANDERSON,
Commissioner
of
Customs*
H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
A.M.
Report of the Register
of the
Treasury.
REGISTER'S OFFICE,
November
17, 1S53.
SIR: In compliance with your note of the 10th inst., desiring information as to the operations and condition of this office, and any improvement that may have taken place therein since the 4th of March last, I
have the honor to report, that the operations of the office consist mainly
in keeping detailed statements of receipts into the treasury from the
customs, sales of public lands, and miscellaneous sources; aho, alike
statement of disbursements therefrom; in preparing the annual reportof
the receipts and expenditures—of commerce and navii<aiion—keeping
the files of the statements and reports of the First and Fifth Auditors—
the reports of the Commissioner of the Geneial Land Office on the accounts of receivers of public moneys, both as receiving and disbursing
agents—making issues and transfers of United States stocks, and preparing statements and dividends thereof, &c., <fcc.
Within the last year, the business of some of the desks, f r o m various
causes, has increased from forty to fifty per cent., and even more.
As an
evidence of its vast increase, allow me here to state, that formerly one
clerk in the Secretary's office, was able without inconvenience, to issue
all the receipt and expenditure warrants; now, there are three constantly
employed.
In the year 1825, the number of clerks employed was twenty-one; subsequently, three were added to this bureau—what is termed the loanoffice—requiring the service of five clerks. Yet, there are employed
now only twenty-eight, making, in reality, an addition of only two. Yet,
notwithstanding the great increase of business, the competency and industry of my cleri^l force is equal to thedischaige of the duties requited.
Except in times of unusual business activity, or when frequent calls are
made from the heads of this and other departments, it i s not s u f f i c i e n t to
meet them with that alacrity and promptness desirable, without greatly
retarding the regular and ordinary business.
_Many and numerous calls have been made by t h e S o l i c i t o r of the^
Treasury, since the 4th of March last, for authenticated transcripts oi
H. Doc. 2.
151
papers and records in this office; all of which have been promptly furnished, as also those from other quarters, some of which require very
extended statistical information.
The redemption of United States stocks not yet due, resolved upon
by the head of this department, since the 4th of March last, as d matter of
financial policy, the wisdom of which is best exemplified by its effect
upon the general prosperity and credit of the country, has also greatly
added to the current business of this department.
As to the condition of this office, allow me to say that the clerks of the
various desks evince great industry, alacrity, and promptness in the
discharge of their several duties, and that most of them are up, as far as
circumstances will allow, with the regular business assigned them.
Those whose duty it is to prepare estimates for the commercial document, have been greatly retarded in their duties by the very many
and extended calls made upon them by heads of departments and otherwise, and by delay in some of the collectors in sending in their returns.
All the abstracts now being furnished, it is thought the statistics for this
document will be ready for the printer by the second Monday in next
month, and the balance, from time to time, as needed. It has been
suggested, as a matter of reform in this branch, that collectors of the customs be required to make their returns monthly, instead of quarterly, as
now. As the books must necessarily be adjusted and balanced at the
end of each month, instead of quarterly, and as an additional clerical
force will necessarily be required, to discharge the increased labor consequent thereon, allow me to suggest, " to what good " the change?
The statistics for the work usually styled Receipts and Expenditures
cannot be collected and arranged until the books from whence they are
gleaned are balanced and proved; and as the fiscal year ends on the
30th of June, and it usually requires about three months thereafter to
balance and prove them, it cannot be supposed that the desk having
charge of this matter is in a state of forwardness, or that the books
will be ready to lay before Congress at the time designated by law;
yet I have the honor to report, that the statistics will be ready for the
printer at the usual time.
As to any improvement in this office since the 4th of March last, I
can only say, that since my induction into office, on the 20th of April
last, the current business operations, including those of an incidental
character, have been discharged with promptness and fidelity, and that
particularly in relation to United States stock, letters have invariably
been answered, and the stock transferred on the day of its reception, in
pursuance of the instructions and wishes of the Secretary.
Upon an examination of the statements and vouchers from the Fifth
Auditor's office, on file here, it was found that many hundreds were
missing. Diligent search and inquiry was made for the missing papers,
but few were found. In order to avoid a recurrence of this kind of contingency, the order of the Secretary, directing that " no account, document, or papers of any kind, on file, shall be withdrawn," has been
rigidly enforced.
A change in name, and, as I conceive, without improvement, under
an act of Congress of the 3d of March last, has been made in the office
since that time, by what is termed a classification of the clerks—a change
affecting the salaries, and not the duties, of the various desks. Whilst
152
H*
Doc.
3.
the duties have increased, as also the price of living, tlie classification
has, in the main, reduced the salaries.
In order to show that this act does not mete out "equal and exact
justice,5' either in its provisions or omissions, among the different
departments, allow me to state, that in the First and Second Comptroller's offices, out of fourteen clerks, there are seven in each receiving
$1,500 per annum ; that in the Fourth Auditor's office, out of fourteen,
there are nine at salaries of §1,500 each, and in the Sixth Auditor's
office five at §1,800.
In this office there are twenty-eight clerks, and at least nine desks,
requiring as much faithfulness, honesty, industry, and clerical ability, as
in either of the other departments, and yet only four clerkships of
$1,500 salaries allowed. There are also at least two, reoniring the very
highest degree of competency, ability and experience, and yet there have
been no §1,800 clerkships assigned.
It will scarcely be pretended, I presume, that clerical duties in this
office are less onerous than in the others, or that less ability and time
are required in their discharge.
Permit me, therefore, in consequence of the great and growing increase of business—the numerous, extended, and accumulating calls
consequent thereon, requiring the time of many of the cleiks, a considerable portion of the year, out of office hours—to mention the propriety
of the Secretary suggesting to Congress that said act be amended in
accordance with present circumstances, and the principles of right, so as
to allow to this office two clerkships of class No. 4, nine of class No. 3,
and giving none less than §1,200 per annum.
All which is respectfully submitted.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
TT
F . BIGGER,
T
Register.
H o n . JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
AN.
Report of the Solicitor of the
Treasury.
O F F I C E OF T H E SOLICITOR OF T H E T R E A S U R Y ,
November
17, 1853.
i i? IR: ! n compliance with therequen from your office of the 10th inst.,
I have the honor to submit the following abstract of the general condiE c h l^t
meSS
iS
^ ^
and
°f
itS
°Pefations>
si 1C0 t h e 4 l h
*
of
Soon after I entered upon the duties of this office, in obedience to
your instructions of the 21st of June last, the clerks having charge of its
S ^ T ? 6 dlre °, te x t 0 e n t e r u P ° n a
examination of the condi*
I a • ^ t 0 r y ° f t h e . ? m t s Vending and undecided, and of the unsatisned judgments, with a view to such measures as might be deemed
S d S L * b I l n S f at h e f o r ms es.lrb I10e ta0 c^'ruination
with the least avoido l l e c t t h e ,atter
S ^ T S ^ i
'
^
> This was found
to De a work of considerable labor, as it was necessary to go carefully
H. Doc. 2.
153
over the dockets, filling some twenty large volumes, and embracing a
period of more than sixty years, with a voluminous correspondence,
much of which required examination.
The result of this examination I had the honor to communicate to
you on the 7th of October last, in three tabular statements.
1st. Statement of suits brought against debtors of the United States on
accounts settled at the treasury and on other miscellaneous accounts,
and amounts collected from the commencement of the government to
the year 1830, when the office of Solicitor of the Treasury was established. From this it appeared that there were still unsatisfied 1,509 suits
and judgments, amounting in the aggregate to the sum of ST,225,63T
7S at the period of the organization of the office in the year 1830,
2d. Statement of suits brought since the organization of the office in
1830 to the 27th June last, by which it appeared that tbere were at that
last time 650 further suits unsatisfied, leaving due to the United States
the further sum of §7,693,164 53.
3d. Statement of suits on duly bonds, showing the amount of judgments thereon still due, amounting to the further sum of $6,328,71 53;
the total amount of judgments and suits unsatisfied on the 27th of June
last being $21,247,516 89.
In addition to the above is the register of suits for the recovery of
fines, forfeitures, and penalties, constituting about one-half of the suits
in charge of the office; but they are mainly in rem, and could not, therefore, be condensed into a tabular form, so as to exhibit satisfactorily the
amount of this litigation in dollars and cents.
There are also a number of suits against the United States to settle
the title to lands claimed by individuals under grants from the Crown
of Spain, amounting in the aggregate to near ten millions of acres.
These cases have nearly all been decided in favor of the United States
in the courts below, and are now pending, on appeal, in the Supreme
Court of the United States.
Of the suits of all classes above referred to, there remained pending
and undecided in the circuit and district courts, on the 4th of March
last, about one hundred and fifty; and the district attorneys have been
instructed to prosecute them with all possible vigor, and bring them to a
final decision with the least avoidable delay.
General instructions have been given to district attorneys, marshals,
clerks of courts, and collectors of customs, defining their duties in regard to public matters in their charge, and directing them to report fully
and promptly all their proceedings to this office; and to enable them to
do so satisfactorily, blank forms have.oeen placed in their hands.
Correspondence has also been had with the district attorneys in regard to the unsatisfied judgments, and this will be diligently pursued
with a view to their collection as far as possible.
Being satisfied that a complete list of all the outstanding judgments
in each judicial district should be placed in the hands of each of the district attorneys, I have directed such lists to be prepared and copied into
books specially prepared for that purpose, and sent to the district attorneys, to be kept among the permanent records of their offices. To these
lists each attorney will be instructed to add all the new suits as they
occur, thus perpetuating and preserving in substantial form a complete
register of all the business in his charge. This, however, will require
154
H. Doc. 2.,
time and labor to complete. The notes taken in the examinations already made will aid greatly in this work, but the whole must necessarily
be gone over again with increased care and attention.
Of this large amount which thus appears to be outstanding, at least
nine-tenths stand in the form of judgments against principals and sureties on official and custom-house bonds, in which executions have
been issued and returned "nulla bonaAll
the usual and regular
proceedings authorized by law have been resorted to to enforce payment,
without effect; and I am satisfied that much the greater portion of it
will be entirely lost, unless some more efficient and energetic measures
can be devised and put in operation than are now authorized by law.
It appears that my predecessors have all been satisfied of this, and
felt it their duty to call the attention of the head of the department and
of Congress to this subject, with a view to such legislation as would afford the requisite remedy. In the report of the first Solicitor, V. Maxcy,
esq., dated January 6,1331, made to Congress by direction of the act
establishing the office, he said, in regard to such of the above debt as
was then outstanding:
"No remuneration is provided bylaw to stimulate the zeal of the United States attorneys in the collection of this vast amount of debt. The
legal fees in almost all the suits having been paid to their predecessors
in office who instituted them, no inducement but a cold s e n s e of unprofitable duty is left to incite them to exertion. A very great portion of this
mass of debt is due from persons and estates that are hopelessly insolvent. Still, however, it is believed that a large amount, which will otherwise be lost, might be gleaned, if an adequate inducement to encounter the labor of collecting the information called for, and to act vigorously and zealously after obtaining that information, were held out
to district attorneys in the shape of a liberal commission on collections,&c.
Nothing, however, was done by Congress on the subject. All that the
office could do was to keep the district attorneys and collecting officers
instructed to look vigilantly after these old claims, and to enforce collections wherever it was practicable; and this appears to have been done.
But what was then foreseen by Mr. Maxcy has been literally and fully
verified—the collections have been very small And trifling, and, in the
absence of other inducements to activity and e n e r g y , s u c h m u s t continue
to be the case.
Whether the remedy recommended by Mr. Maxcy is the appropriate
one, I am not prepared to say. The reflections which I have been able to
give the matter incline me to the opinion that the best remedy will be to
vest in the Secretary of the Treasury power to compromise thcseold claims,
and, in connexion with that power, the necessary authority to appoint
one or more special agents in each judicial district, to receive propositions for compromise from such parties as choose to make them, and to
investigate the condition and circumstances of the parties, and make report thereof, with his opinion thereon; said agent also to have authority to look after other cases, where no ofTer of compromise is
made; and for all his services, in both classes of cases, to be compensated by a commission on the amounts collected, graduated according
difficullies a n d labo
* in each case. This, it appears to me, would
afford ample inducement to activity and exertion to realize all that
could be from this mass of old debt; and I respectfully recommend that
H. Doc* 2.
some such view or arrangement be pressed upon the consideration of
Congress.
In regard to the operations of the office since the 4th of March last,
there have been twenty-one suits commenced on accounts settled at the
treasury, amounting in the aggregate to the sum of $405,769 81, of
which sum §17,325 87 has been collected and paid into the treasury.
The district attorneys have reported eighty two suits for the recovery
of fines, penalties, and forfeitures, and thirty eight suits of a miscellaneous character; making in all one hundred and forty suits commenced
since the 4th of March last. Of the results of these suits, very little is
yet known. The appearance term in all of them occurring in the summer and fall months, time has not yet elapsed sufficient for the reports
of the district attorneys to reach this office. I can only say that, in all
cases, the officers of the law have been instructed to prosecute them with
all practicable vigilance, and to report the results without delay.
It is perhaps proper to say that several of the suits reported are to recover penalties incurred under the act entitled "An act to amend an act
entitled < An act to provide for the better security of the lives of passengers on board of vessels propelled in whole or in part by steam, and for
other purposes,1 approved August 30, 1S52." By the foity-firstsection,
it is provided that all penalties imposed by this act may be recovered
in action of debt by any person who will sue therefor in any court of
the United States. I am of the opinion that the government of the
United States is not embraced by the words " any person," and that
suit cannot be sustained in the name of the United States for a recovery
of the penalties imposed by the said act. If this view of the law be
correct, the act will be of little importance, inasmuch as private individuals will seldom trouble themselves to enforce the sanctions prescribed
by the statute. I would respectfully recommend, therefore, that the
forty-first section be amended, so as to read as follows:
" SEC. 41. And be it further enacted, That all penalties imposed by
this act may be sued for and recovered in an action of debt in the name
of the United States, or by any person who wi'l sue therefor, in any
court of the United States."
I am, sir, very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
F. B. STREETER, Solicitor.
H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
A P.
Report of the Treasurer
of the Umted
States.
T R E A S U R Y OF T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S ,
November 29, 1853.
SIR: In reply to your letter of the 10th instant, I take occasion to
state, that the principles of action and the practical operations of this
office are the same now that they have been since its original organization. Its great and important duty is to receive, safely keep, and disburse the money of the nation.
156
H. Doc. 2.,
The treasury receives money directly, at its counter, and indirectly,
bv its assistant treasurers and designated depositaries at other points, and
disburses through the same channels. It also issues drafts on receiving
officers of the treasury, not designated as depositaries, for the public
money in their hands, and when paid, treats the amount of the transaction as at once a payment into and out of the treasury by the officers in
question. When the disbursements of those officers are greater than
their receipts, the government is saved the risk and expense of transporting the money to a depository, and the officer relieved from the risk
of keeping it.
The receipts and payments of the treasury are regulated by warrants
signed by the Secretary and Comptroller of the Treasury, and registered
in the proper office. The warrants, in addition to being the proper
vouchers in the settlement of the Treasurer's accounts, subserve the convenient purpose of fixing, with precision, the amount of each kind on
the books of the respective offices in which the accounts of such receipts
and payments are kept.
The operations and condition of the office, in respect to these general
duties, appeared to me to be in good order when I entered the office in
April last. Since then the daily routine of business has been performed
with assiduity and promptitude by the persons having charge thereof.
The most material improvements which have taken place in the office
since I have been in it, are those which have arisen out of your construction of the Independent Treasury act of 1S16, and your determination, so far as the Treasury Department is concerned, to give to the
restrictive provisions of that act their full and legitimate effect.
Of the changes in the mode of doing business in the Treasurer's office,
in consequence of that determination, the following are enumerated:
1st. Prior to the 4th of March last, as I am informed, moneys were
advanced in large sums, to persona not officers of the government, for the
ostensible purpose of purchasing United States stock, for paying interest
on the public debt, and coupons, and other purposes of similar character.
The sums now required for these objects are paid, in detail, at the treasury, and directly to the parties entitled, or their attorneys, without the
intervention of other agencies. Lists of interest and unclaimed dividends are placed in this office and in the offices of assistant treasurers;
and these dividends, as well as coupons, are paid, on application, at the
respective offices, but paid out of funds for which warrants had issued,
and the money placed m their hands as fiscal agents of the g o v e r n m e n t .
In like manner, in the purchase of public stocks. About twelve millions
have been purchased since the 4th March, but not a dollar has been paid
therefor from the treasury until the stock has been assigned and surrendered to the United States, an account duly stated ancl adjusted by
the accounting officers, and a warrant regularly issued for payment, by
the Treasurer, to the party entitled. Drafts for the amount, on the assistant treasurer at the place where the party entitled t o the money d e s i r e d
payment to be made, have, I believe, without an exception, been made
out and delivered to the person or agent, if present, and if not present,
forwarded to the person entitled, by the mail of that evening on the day
on which the stocks, by mail or otherwise, have reached the treasury.
I his has been effected by means of the attention and a c t i v i t y of the
officers concerned.
H. Doc. 2.
157
2d. In like manner, the practice of issuing transfer drafts in favor of
banks or brokers, to remain a considerable time upon the books, as an
equivalent for the expenses of transportation, and occasionally renewed,
instead of being paid at maturity, has entirely ceased. Instead thereof,
in all cases the transfer draft has issued only after the deposite of coin has
actually been made, or when it was necessary to transport the specie,
and then the money has been deposited at the desired point, as soon as
the transportation could be effected, by an officer of the department. As
an effect of an actual transportation of specie from New York, to supply
expenditures at this point, it maybe observed, that as the circulation
here becomes surcharged, bankers and dealers find it convenient to deposite coin in this office, and obtain therefor drafts on New York, without
expense to the government.
3d. A third measure of improvement, giving further effect to the Independent Treasury act, was your order to the Treasurer and assistant
treasurers to receive on deposite from disbursing officers of the government the public money in their hands, (whenever such officers should
apply,) and to pay it out on the checks of such officers; thereby affording
them secure places for keeping the money for which they are responsible,
and the facilities of making their disbursements by checks, paid in the
current coin of the United States; also relieving them from the necessity
or pretence of evading the spirit of said act, by placing the money with
banks or brokers, as had theretofore been the practice. Under that order,
several of the disbursing officers at Washington have made deposites
with the Treasurer as fiscal agent; accounts have been opened and kept
with them, and the checks of the depositing officers (occasionally drawn
for a less sum than a dollar) are paid in coin. The sums so deposited
up to this time in this office amount to
,000, and the payments on
their checks amount to §536,000, leaving now in the hands of the
Treasurer $113,000. Deposiies of the same character, and to a much
larger amount, will, in all probability, be made within a short time.
The labors, duties, and responsibility of this office have been greatly increased by this operation.
By your orders, $130,000 of the new silver coinage authorized by the
last Congress have been transferred from the mint at Philadelphia to
this office, with instructions to exchange the same, in reasonable amounts,
for coins of larger denominations. This operation has been most sensibly and beneficially felt here, and in parts of Maryland and Virginia.
As evidence of the fact, and of the great need the community had for small
coin, there is now only $50,000 of that small coin in the treasury,
$80,000 thereof having been exchanged for gold. Much relief has*
been afforded the community. At the same time, it has cast upon this
office much labor and responsibility. The duties have been performed
by the persons in charge of the money room, with promptitude and
fidelity.
Under the direction of the act of 3d March last, which went into operation on the 1st of July, a board was constituted, under your order,
and all the clerks in this office were duly examined and found well
qualified for the respective places, and, I must say, each has performed
all the duties assigned him, in a manner which meets my approval; at
all times, when necessary, remaining at their posts after the expiration
H. Doc. 2.,
158
of business hours, in order to complete and despatch the business on
ha
? desire also to remark, that on the 1st of July, under the said act of
3d March, the number of clerks in this office was reduced from fourteen
to twelve ; but since then, the business ot the office, generally, and at
each desk, has been very much increased, and there is every prospect of
a Mill greater increase, as the new arrangements become more fully developed; and that no clerk of the fourth class wat allowed to this office.
I am convinced that, under a due regard for the future efficiency of
the office, an additional clerk should be allowed us, of at least a second
class rate, and consequently 1 respectfully ask for and recommend the
employment of such a one.
The two cleiks employed in the money room—one of the third, and
the other nf the second class—are not compensated in j roportiou to the
responsibility and risk, as well as the requisite intelligence and ardtiousness if their special duties; and, therefore, I respectfully recotnmed that
one of them be placed,in regard to salary, on the footing of a chief clerk
of a bureau, and the other on that of a fourth class clerk.
I have the honor to be your obedient servant,
SAM.
CASEY,
Treasurer of the United
States.
H o n . JAMES G U T H R I E ,
Stcrctary
of the
Treasury.
A
Q.
Report of the Coast
Survey.
MOUNT BLUE,
Franklin
County, Mc., November
1853.
SIR: 1 have the honor to submit, in advance of my annual report, a
condensed statement, of the progre.*s of the Coast Survey d u r i n g the
past year, with a few remarks, and the estimates for the next fiscal year;
a,nd would respectfully request that, as explanatory of the e s t i m a t e s , this
letter may, as usual, be printed with the "estimates of appropriations."
Progress has been made in every S'ate of the seacmst of the t'nion,
on ihe Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific, in field operations, or,
where they are comple;ed, in the office work resulting from them. The
two Territories on the Pacific have also received a proper s-hare of atten1 1
tion.
M y annual report will give full details in regard to this p r o g r e s s up to
the close of the surveying year, classed under the head of the eleven
sections into which the coast has been divided, and of office-work, and
will be accompanied by an appendix containing extracts from the reports
of the assistants and others, and various information relating to the «wrk
itself,or to the results developed by it during the past year. It will be
a c c o m p a n i e d by fetches s h o w i n g the progress of the work in e a d i sectn n, and giving the results immediately useful to commerce and navi*
gahon, m preliminary charts and hydrographic sketches.
A rough estimate of the comparative progre>s of the work in different
year*, may be had from the fact, that in 1844 the work was going on i»
H. Doc. 2.
159
nine States; in 1S46, in fifteen; in 1847 it had been extended to eighteen,
and now embraces all the States on both eastern and western coasts. In
1S44 four sketches of octavo size sufficed to show the progress; in 1846
nine were required; in 1850 twenty-six; and now fifty-five are necessary
for the same general purpose. There are few localities of our extended
coast, from the St. Cioix to the Rio Grande, and from San Diego to Fraser's river, which have not been embraced at least in the preliminary
operations of the survey; the information obtained from which is incorporated in the sketches of the yearly report. It needs but a cursory
examination of these to show that the advance towards completion is
decided .and regular, requiring merely to be steadily followed up to insure its completion within a reasonable time; the system admitting of
ready enlargement to adapt the progress to increased appropriations. It
is desirable to take the opportunity of our unexampled prosperity to push
the survey more rapidly to completion. While increased means would
be used economically and effectually, the estimates are limited to the
S8me total amount as that approved by the department for the last year,
and based upon the scale of operations repeatedly sanctioned by the Executive and Congress. 1 deem it but right to say, that the economy of
nearly forty per cent, which was shown in my report of 1850 to have
attended the previous enlargement of the work, would receive some increase from a further extension; but as a considerable portion of the work
must necessarily be in the southern sections, where the expenses of
every kind are higher than in the northern, a proportionate gain could
not be expected. It would chiefly be in extending, in its complete form,
to commerce and navigation, the general aid of maps and charts at an
earlier day, that such an extension would be beneficial.
The most difficult piece of hydrography on our coast has been completed during the past season. The area of broken ground east aud south
of the island of Nantucket is nearly seven hundred square miles in extent, and is spread with dangers, some real and some only apparent.
The work which has been prosecuted there perseveringly since 1846 has
made the position of the da: gers fully known, and has in turn employed
the resources and taxed the perseverance of some of the most able
hydrographers of the survey. The hydrography of such ground as this
is truly difficult; it must be surveyed with the minuteness of a harbor,
without the facilities which neighboring land affords. The land cannot
be seen from the deck of a vess-el from Davis's shoal, and yet it must be
traversed closely with the sounding-line, and the positions of ihe soundings he clearly determined. It is no small source of congratulation that
the difficult work is well through with, and without accident to those
who have so faithfully encountered the very dangers which they seek,
in order t<> instruct others how to avoid them. The excitement caused
by the mere rumor, this summer, that one of the Atlantic steamers was
upon these shoals, shows the well founded dread which the greatest
commercial and navigating enmmunity of the country has of them—an
excitement which was hardly allayed by the acct mpan} ing assurance
that the steamer seen was one of the surveying steamers, wMose departure to the shoals had been duly published, and whose business it was,
therefore, to be just there, and at that time, where and when no passenger steamer should be. The preliminary sketch of these shoals issued
ast yedr from the Coast Survey office, will be speedily brought up to
J60
H. Doc,
2.
date and published. If a permanent light could be placed on the old
South shoal, it would, in a great degree, deprive this region of its danger
to large vessels bound into New York.
The completion of the primary triangulation of another of the sections
of the coast (the third section,) and the rapid progress of the hydrography ol the same section, which now nearly embraces the entire entrance of the Chesapeake bay, are gratifying results of this year, A
shoal has been determined off the Chesapeake entrance which, if obscurely reported before, was not sufficiently known to be placed upon the
charts, and public notice of the determination has been given to manners.
One of the most interesting hydrographic results ever obtained m the
survey, and which opens up a rich field of investigation, and has most
important theoretical and practical bearings, is the carrying of soundings
for some nvo hundred miles (with a small interval only) SE. from
Charleston, directly off the coast, and the finding of soundings after
crossing the Gulf Stream from St. Simon's (coast of Georgia) and Cape
Canaveral (Florida.)
The relation of the form of the bottom of the ocean, and especially that
of these sections, to the peculiar features heretofore discovered in the
Gulf Stream, is well determined by the observations of the year, particularly to those curious divisions of the warm water of the Gulf Stream by
intrusive cold water, confirmed by so many observations, and now traced
as far south as St. Augustine, in Florida. The discoveries of the soundings on the other side of the Gulf Stream were made independently and
within three days of each other (June 7th and June lUth,) by the parties
of Lieutenants Commanding J. N. Maffitt and T, A. Craven, United
Slates navy, the one sounding across the Gulf Stream from Charleston,
the other from Cape Canaveral. The observations of this season clearly
establish the existence of the polar current below the Gulf Stream, and
its proximity to the shore where the depth permits, even where the surface water may be quite warm. They further render it very probable
that theie are counter-currents corresponding to the cold streaks in the
Gulf Stream, which, if established, must be useful in navigation. It can
hardly be doubted that this cold water off our southern coast may be
rendered practically useful by the ingenuity of our contrymen* The
bottom of the sea fourteen miles ENE. from Cape Florida, five hundred and fifty fathoms in depth, was, in June last, at the temperature of
49° Fahrenheit, while the air was 81° Fahrenheit. A temperature of 33°
(only six degrees above the freezing point of fresh water) was found at
one thousand and fifty fathoms in depth, about eighty miles east of
Cape Canaveral.
The reconnoissance of the coast of parts of North Carolina, South
Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana, to determine the plan of work there, has
been a valuable result of the last season. With that of the Gulf coast,
where existing charts have been made from comparatively loose information, has been connected the approximate determination of astronomical positions, enabling us to give more accuracy to our own progress
sketches, and to furnish important geographical data for general use.
The hydrographic reconnoissance cf the western coast, so essential to
commerce and navigation there, has been completed from San Francisco
north, having been finished this summer. A new edition of the chart
based upon it is in progress. The work there is beginning to assume its
II. Doc. 3.
161
regular form. Reconnoissances and preliminary surveys have been made
in a rapid way, and sketches have been published to meet the immediate
wants of the country; accurate surveys and complete maps will in turn
speedily lake the place of these. The officers on that coast, from the first
commencement by the lamented McArthur to the present time, have labored most assiduously to give the work the turn required by the wonderful development of the country. The history of such surveys does
not present a case of rapid execution and publication of results which
will compare with those which we owe to the coast survey parties in
California and Oregon, and the office organization on this side.
The more thoroughly the coast is examined, the more effectually do
those difficulties to a continuous triangulation which were so fully believed, in the earlier stages of the survey, to exist, disappear. By far
the largest extent of the coast, as I have shown in my report of J849,*
present great facilities fcr the work, by high hills near the coast, by
islands lying off, and by sounds of various breadths, only separated
from the ocean by narrow strips of land. No portion yet examined—
from Passamaquoddy bay to the St. Mary's; from the capes of Florida
to the Tortugas; from Cedar Keys to Atchafalaya bay, and from Galveston to the Rio Grande, though including many places where it was
argued that the system would fail—presents any insurmountable obstacles, or requires the system of triangulation to be departed from for
methods which are still available when the other foils. The triangulation extends frsm Cape Small, in Maine, to Old Topsail inlet, North
Carolina, (Beaufort)—a distance of fourteen hundred and fifty miles,
measuring along the sides of the triangles—with a gap of but twentyfour miles, which we are certain, from the examination of Assistant
Cutts and of Major Prince, can be filled up, and which the ordinary
progress of the work is gradually closing. The same plan of extension
from the bases in the different sections will have the same results.
Each section rests upon its own base and astronomical determinations
while detached; its survey is complete in itself, as far as it goes. The
charts are published as the results come in; and when the triangulations
join, the bases will serve to verify each other. In the smaller triangulations the bases will be more numerous, but the principle of the work
remains the same. The general reconnoissance, which has made important progress during the last season, will be continued until we know,
through its instrumentality, the facilities and difficulties for work along
the entire coast; and two or three years, at most, will suffice, at the
present rate of progress, to close up the intervals which now exist.
I have appended to the report of this year a list of tidal data, for the
use of navigators. These results require not only laborious observation
to collect, but still greater labor to compute. They are not presented
at present as complete scientific data, but as approximations, closer and
in a greater variety than heretofore accessible to the mariner, and which
cannot fail to be useful to him in connexion with charts of the coast.
The tidal phenomena of the principal ports are under investigation, and
the results will be presented in tide tables.
It is an interesting fact that the tides of our Atlantic coast, of parts of
the Gulf of Mexico, and of the western coast, are of three different
* Ex. Doc. No. 5, 31st Congresa, 1st version, Senate, pages 2 and 3.
162
H. Doc. 2.,
ty-nes Those of the Atlantic coast are of the ordinary typ? of tides-^
twice in the twenty-four hours; having, however, a distinct though
small difference in height and time between the morning and afternoon
Sdes known as the diurnal inequality. The Gulf tides are single day
tides, and, until the coast survey developments established the contrary,
were believed to depend upon the winds, which have the character of
.trade winds, and therefore considerable regularity, along that coast.
The tides of our Pacific coast ebb and flow twice m the twenty-lour
hours, but with so large a diurnal inequality in height, that the plane
of reference to mean low-water commonly used m the charts would, ll
employed, be a snare to navigators. A rock in San Francisco bay,
which at one low-water of the day might be covered to the depth of
three and a half feet, might at the next be a wash. A few stations only
are required to complete the observations of the tides in the principal
ports of the Gulf of Mexico, from Key West to the entrance of the Rio
Grande.
The tables of geographical positions, which were published with my
report of 1851,# have received important additions since, which will be
given in the appendix to my report of this year. It is intended to complete the preparation of a table of magnetic variations for the principal
ports, as far as determinations have yet been made, for the report of
next year.
t ,
The reduction of the last chronometer expedition for determining the
difference of longitude of a point on our coast from Europe has advanced towards completion, the discussion being of the most thorough
sort.
,
The discussion of the problem of deducing longitude from observed
moon culminations, interrupted by the lamented decease of Professor
S. C. Walker, has been undertaken by one of our most eminent mathe*
maticians, and promises to lead to very satisfactory methods of reduction,
at once original and practical. This will enable the immediate use of
our observations of moon culminations without the necessity of waiting
for the receipt of corresponding results, often productive of much delay;
and it will also prevent the loss of valuable observations, for the want
of actual correspondences of observation, as now constantly happens.
The feature of the reorganization of the survey under the act of Con*
,gress of 1843, which secured a close connexion between the science ol
the country and the work, was most judicious. The tendency of such
-works is undoubtedly to adopt a routine, and to adhere to it; so lhat sometimes they fall behind the progress of the science of the day. System is
uo very desirable that its excess, constituting a blind routine, is always
a danger to be avoided. When closely in contact with the scientific
movement of the country, this becomes impossible; the judgment of men
of science being prompt to detect any faltering in the forward course ol
operations which they understand, and improvements in w h i c h they
fully appreciate.
The act just referred to giving a wise discretion to the Treasury D*
jpartment, the regulations established in conformity with it,in 1843 a«d
1844, have sufficed for the present development of the work with scarcely
a necessary supplement.
• Ex. Doc. No. 3 , 3 0 d Congrew,
3d
»e*gion,
S e n a t e , p a g e * 1G6
lo Ai%
II. Doc. 3.
163
The advantages of bringing together civilians, officers of the army,
fcnd officers of the navy, in one organization, as was done by the act just
referred to under the Treasury Department, which alone could unite
them, have been so often dwelt upon in former reports, that I feel it
would be out of place here to repeat my observations. 1 believe indeed
that it is so generally admitted as not to require any further remark. I
therefore simply refer to the reports of 1848, 1850, and 1851*, in which
the subject is fully discussed.
The number of officers of the army attached to the coast survey is at
present fourteen, namely: of the corps of engineers, four; topographical
engineers, two; of the line, eight. Under the rules for details, adopted
by the Secretary of War in October, 1853, the services of at least four
additional officers will be obtained. These rules will make the number
<>f military and civil assistants equal, as required by the plan of reorganization of 1843, and will permit the officers who may be detailed to remain a sufficient period on the survey to acquire the necessary experience for usefulness in its operations. This result we were approaching
in 1846, when the Mexican war swept off all the officers but two from
the coast survey. The number cf army officers has been steadily increased, as the War Department were willing to detail them to meet our
applications. A list of the officers of the army attached to the work in
March and September will be given in the appendix to my report.
The number of officers of the navy attached to the coast survey is sixtyfour, whose name3 are given in the appendix to my report. Besides the
sea officers, thirteen engineers are attached to the steam-vessels in commission. 1 have necessarily dwelt, in my successive reports for the last
three years, upon the rapid rotation in the naval parties, and other circumstances by which the efficiency of the hydrography was very much
impaired.
Justice to the work required that I should point out the facilities which
had been withdrawn^ and the expenses which the Treasury Department
had been required to assume. I have now every reason to expect that
the former relations with the Navy Department will be restored, and that
full efficiency will be once more given to the hydrographic parties.
The regulations of the coast survey require the superintendent to submit annually to the Secretary of the Treasury a programme of " directions " for the operations for the next year. In execution of the cc directions " for the coast survey, approved by the Secretary of the Treasury
in June last, instructions have been issued by me to the several chiefs of
parties, in relation to the work required from them. A list of the field
parties, specifying the several localities of work, and the operations in
which they were engaged during the past year, will be given in the
appendix to my report. My own service, as chief of a party, will be
found in the same list.
By monthly reports from the parties a supervision of the operations is
maintained, providing for their due progress and connexion, and for contingencies arising during the season. I have personally inspected the
operations of several of the parties, and when the operations of several
were to be combined to effect an immediate purpose, have personally
made the necessary arrangements. I was enabled generally to combine
"Ex. Doc. No. 13, House of Representatives, 30ih Congress, 2d session, pp. 4, 5 ; E x .
Doc. No. 12, Hou*e of Representatives, 31st Congress, 2d session, pp. 6, 7 , Ex. Doc. No* 3Seoate, 32d Congress, 1st session, pp.
10.
H. Doc. 2.,
164
the inspections made in sections III, IV, V, and \ I with the service, on
the commissions for the improvement of the James and Appomattox rivers, for Cape Fear entrance and river, and for the Savannah river,
which had been requested by the War Department, and received the
sanction of the Secretary of the Treasury. During the survey ing season I visited the parties on the James river, the Cape Fear, Wiuyah
bay, the Stono, Savannah river, and the St. John's, and gave personal
directions to the parties in secuon I on the way to and while at my stations in Maine.
I visited New York, by request of the common council, 111 relation to
the regulation of the water-line of the harbor.
The particulars of the execution of the several duties in the field, afloat,
and in the office, by the assistants of the survey and others, will be given
in the second part of my report, under the heads of the several geographical sections of the coast.
A list of the developments and discoveries made by the coast survey
was published in my report of 1851,• and continued in that of 1852.f
Very few portions of our coast are closely examined without yielding
discoveries important to navigation. The charts furnished by the surveys are its most important practical results, showing not only the character of the bottom in sailing tracks of the coast, or the pilot tracks of
harbors, but over every portion of the extent of coast and harbor. In the
course of the minute investigations required for this purpose, facts of a
striking kind are ascertained. During the past year, for example:
1* A ridge connecting Davis* shoal and Davis' bank (Nantucket
shoals) has been found.
2. A sand-bank or knoll, with but five fathoms on it, about five miles
east of Great Rip, with twelve fathoms between it and Davis' bank and
Fishing Rip; the water gradually deepening outside of it, to the northward and eastward, beyond all the limits ot the series of shoals.
3. A rock not on any chart, in the inner harbor of Gloucester, Massachusetts, which should be marked or removed*
4. A bank, ninety miles eastward fiom Boston, with about thirty-six
fathoms of water upon it; probably a knoll connected with Caske's ledge,
but having deep water between it and the ledge.
5. The inlet at the north end of Monomoy island has diminished considerably in extent since 1848, and in the course of a few years will
probably close up entirely, a new one being open to the north of Chatham light, which is now the principal entrance to Chatham harbor.
6. Two shoals near the entrance to the Chesapeake, one four and
three quarter nautical miles S. E. by E. from Smith's Island light house,
with seventeen feet on it; and the other E. by S. nearly, seven and
three-quarter miles from the same light house, with nineteen and a half
feet on it.
7. The remarkable discovery of continuous deep sea soundings off
Charleston, and of soundings in the depth of between four and five hun*
dred fathoms beyond the Gulf stream.
8. The discovery of cold water at the bottom of the sea below the Gulf
stream, along the coast of North and South Carolina, Georgia, and
Florida*
« Ex. Doc. No. 3, Senate, 32d Congrtw, lit session, pp. 126,127.
t Ex. Doc. No* 58, Saute, m Congress, 3d teman, p. 80.
II. Doc. 3.
165
D. The well ascertained influence of prevailing winds in the movement of the bars at Cape Fear and New Inlet entrances, and the gradual
shoaling of the main bar; the latter fact being replete with interest to the
extensive commerce seeking this harbor.
10. The changes at the entrance to Winyah bay, Georgetown harbor.
The washing away of Lighthouse point at the same entrance.
1L The removal of the east spit of Petit Bois island, in the hurricane
of 1852, opening a new communication between the Gulf and Mississippi
sound, and the rendering of Horn Island pass more easy of access by the
removal of knolls.
12. The diminution, almost closing, of the passage between Dauphine
and Pelican islands, at the entrance of Mobile bay.
13. The accurate determinations of Ship shoal, off the coast of Louisiana, in connexion with the site for a light-house.
14. The changes at Aransas pass, coast of Texas, as bearing upon the
question of placing a light-house or light-boat there.
15. The determination of the position and soundings on Cortez bank,
near the island of San Clemente, coast of California.
16. The changes at Humboldt harbor, California.
17. The depth of water on the bars at the entrance of Rogue river
and of Umqua river, Oregon.
IS. The changes in the entrance to Colrmbia river.
19. The determination of several anchorages on the coast betwee
San Francisco and the Columbia river.
The calls for information from the archives of the coast survey nav
very much increased of late years. During the one just passed, eighty
seven applications for copies of maps and charts, and statements founaea
upon them, have been received and answered, under the authority of
the Treasury Department, and in pursuance of one of its general regulations. Of these, forty-three copies or tracings of maps were tn the use
of officers of the United States government, forty*one were furnished to
individuals or associations, and three to State or local authorities. The
liberal regulation of the department places the information from the
archives of the coast survey at the disposal of those who desire it, at
the mere cost of copying. A list of the tracings, <fcc., furnished from
the office will be appended to my annual report.
One hundred and thirty-one maps and charts, and preliminary sketches,
are now in progress or have been published; a list of which, showing the
class of each, its relative progress, whether in the hands of the draughtsman, engraver, or electrotypist, or published, will be given in the appendix to my report.
The following maps and sketches, fifty-five in number, will accompany my re part:
I to 1L Progress sketches in the several sections, marked from A to
K inclusive. Section No. 1 A. Section No. 2 B, <fcc.
12. Alden's rock, Portland harbor.
13. Minot's ledge, off Boston harbor. (Light house survey.)
14. Nantucket shoals, hydrography from 1846 to 1852 inclusive.
15. Deephole rock, Cotuit harbor, Massachusetts. (Light-house
survey.)
16. Sow and Pigs ledge, Cnftyhunk, Massachusetts. (Light-house
survey.)
Iqq
H.
Doc. 3.
17# Romer shoal and Flynn's knoll, New York harbor. (Ligh*.
house sketch.)
^
18. Progress of Sandy Hook, New York harbor.
19. Metomkin inlet, coast of Virginia.
20. Watchapreague inlet, coast of Virginia.
21. Hog Island harbor, coast of Virginia.
22. Cape Charles and vicinity, coast of Virginia.
23. Seacoast of Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia, No. 2,
24. Cherrystone inlet, coast of Virginia.
25. Pungoheague river, Virginia. (Light-house sketch.)
26. Progress of the survey of Cape Fear river, and reconnoissance
southward.^ ^ ^ e n t r a n c e a n ( j j j e w j n i e t ; North Carolina. (Preliminary
chart.)
28." Chart showing the progress of the survey of the Gulf stream.
29. Diagrams of the Charleston, St. Simon's, and Cape Canaveral
sections of the Gulf stream.
30. Winyah bay and Georgetown haibor, South Carolina.
31. Cape Roman shoals, South Carolina.
32. North Edisto entrance, South Carolina.
33. Progress of the survey of Savannah river and Tybee entrance,
Georgia.
34. St. John's river entrance, Florida.
35. Sub-sketches of progress of survey of Florida reef.
36. Diagrams of tides at Key West.
37. East and west entrances of St. George's sound, Florida.
38. Barataria bay, coast of Louisiana.
39. Titnballier bay, coast of Louisiana.
40. Isle Derniere and Ship shoal. (Light-house survey.)
41. Sabine river entrance.
42. Galveston entrance, Texas.
43. San Luis pass, coast of Texas.
44. Aransas pass, coast of Texas.
45. Cortez bank, off San Clemente island, coast of California.
46. San Diego bay, California.
47. Santa Barbara, coast of California.
48. Progress of the survey of San Francisco bay.
49. Diagrams of tides at Rincon point, San Francisco bay.
50. Reconnoissance of the coast of California from San Diego
San Francisco.
51. Progress of the survey of Columbia river.
52. Reconnoissance from Gray's harbor, Washington Territory, to
Admiralty inlet.
53. Shoalmaker bay, Washington Territory.
54. Cape Flattery, Washington Territory.
55. False Dungeness, Washington Territory.
During the past year notices have been issued from the Coast Survey
office, under authority of the Treasury Department:
1. Of geographical positions on the western coast.
2.
in San
Francisco
bay.
3. Of
Of the
the tides
position
of Cortea
shoal,
off
coast oi1
California.
4. Of two shoals off Smith's island, coast of Virginia.
S a n
C l e m e n t e
i s l a n d ,
II. Doc. 3.
167
5. Of the deep-sea soundings off the coast of South Carolina, Georgia,
and Flerida* and the discovery of soundings beyond the Gulf stream.
6. Of the hydrographic reconnoissance of the coast of California and
Oregon Territory, embracing notices of Mendocino, Humboldt bay,
Crescent City bay, Ewing harbor, Rogue river, Point St. George, Cape
Blanco, Umpqua river, and Columbia river. *
7. Of a bank south of Cashe's ledge, with thirty-six fathoms on it.
Examinations have been made, under the laws of 1851 and 1852, for
the Light house board, with minute surveys in cases requiring them, of
York harbor, Maine; Minot's ledge and the Cohasset rocks, off Boston
harbor; of Deep-hole rock, Cotuit, Massachusetts; of the Sow and Pigs
reef, off Cutlyhunk, entrance to Buzzard's bay; of Romer shoal, New
York harbor; of the Florida reef, in reference to signals or sea-marks;
of East Pascagoula entrance, Mississippi; of Ship shoal, off Last island,
(Isle Derniere,) Louisiana; of Sabine entrance, and of Aransas pass,
Texas; of Point Bonita, and of Humboldt, California; and Umpqua river
entrance, Oregon.
Examinations for placing surf-boats have been made on the coast of
Maine, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts, by request of the Treasury
Department.
The reports made on both the foregoing classes of work are given in
the appendix to my annual report.
Congress, at its last session, directed that a map should be prepared
showing as nearly as practicable the configuration of the coast, the
probable limits of the Gulf stream, the limits of soundings off the coast,
and by colors the progress made in the several operations of the survey, as reconnoissance, triangulation, topography, and hydrography, and
in the publication of the maps and charts resulting from the work. Such
a map has been compiled from the archives of the survey, as far as they
furnish the information, and from other authorities where the coast survey has not reached. The progress sketches accompanying my reports
have shown, year by year, all the details of the field-work, in a form
suitable to engraving, and the engraved sketches have in fact been prepared in the Coast Survey office, and generally by the apprentices to the
ait of engraving there, so as to be ready for publication as early as my
report. Besides these, a map in colors, on a scale of ttAws) has been
prepared in the office to accompany the present report. The very fortunate result of our attempts to explore the Gulf stream this past year has
enabled me to give, from our own data, a very large portion of the hydrography of that remarkable peculiarity of the A m e r i c a n coast. The ex-?
planations which will accompany the Congress map will dispense with
remarks here in regard to its details.
Certain details in regard to the organization and economy of the coast
survey, which might be expected to find a place in my report, have been
so often discussed by me, that a reference to former reports will perhaps
be more suitable thau any extended notice here. Such subjects are, the
organization of the parties for different operations, explained in the report of 1845;(a) the advantages of the division of the coast into sections,
in the report of 1846,(6) and again further developed in 1847,(c) and in
(«) Ex. Doc. N ». 58, Ho. of Reps.; No. 13, Senate, 29th Congress, 1st session, p. 2.
(I>) Senate, No. 3,29th Congress, 2d f u s i o n , pp. 3» 4.
(e) E x . Doc. No. S, Senate, 30th Congress, l i t session, pp. 2, 4.
168
H. Doc- 3.
1849-(d) the order of succession of the operations of the survey explained
in 1847,(6) and again more in detail in 184S;(/) the advantages of the
triple organization of civilians, army and navy officers, noticed in 1S48,(£)
1849,(Zt) lS50,(i) and 1851;(/) the comparative gain by increasing the
scale of work, 1850; (&) the relative cost of the topography and of the land
surveys in IS4S(/) and in 1S50;(OT) the relative cost of our own and of
foreign surveys, 1849;(») the cost of the different operations, showing
that scientific accuracy is gained at small cost, 184S;(o) the plan of working deemed appropriate to the western coast, 1S50(/?) and 1851.(?)
Before passing to the estimates, there are two points on which I beg
leave to offer remarks—the first is in regard to the polry of publishing
the records of the work; and the second, in regard to the power invested
in the Treasury Department to regulate the salaries of the assistants.
The arrangements of the survey of the coast from the beginning, with
ample means to insure a reasonable degree of progress >ear by year,
and with resources in persons, instruments, equipments, and other ap*
pliances, such as are now possessed by the work, is a very different
problem from that which has been presented for solution. In such a
case it would have been easy to divide the coast into sections of nearly
equal extent of shore-line, or into an extent so proportioned to the facility or difficulty of survey as to advance each one equally, and so to ar*
range the field parties that their labors would be devoted during the
most profitable portion of the year in each section and the office-work,
that it would keep exact pace with the results produced in the field.
The sections of our work were necessarily commenced in turn as means
could be procured, and it is only of very recent years that most of them
have been put under survey. It requires a carelul study of their relative
progress year by year, and regulating the operations »o suit it in the different sections, to bring them ultimately on the same line of advance. It
would be expensive to keep up an organization for a limited extent of
coast which is capable of embracing a large portion of it; hence the
prominence which I have given for some years to the argument for pushing the survey of the coast of Florida, and for publishing the results and
observations made in the progress of the work. The unequal division
of the part of the coast suitable for field-work during the summer and
winter, is a difficulty requiring much care to meet. The very different
periods at which the work was begun in the different sections, is another
difficulty. These are independent of the difficulties stiiclly professional
which are presented in the course of the work, which are of themselves
(d) Ex. Doc. No. 5, Senate, 31st Congress, 1st session, p. 3.
(c) Ex. Doc, No. 6, Senate, 30th Congress, lm session, p. 4.
( / ) E*. Doc. No. 13, Ho. of Reps.; No. 26, Senate, 30 h Con^rr**, 2d session, p. 9.
( t ) Ex. Doc. No. 13, Ho. of Reps.; No 26, Senate, 30th Congrr*s, 3d session, pp. 4, 5.
(A) Ex. Doc. No. 5, Senate, 31st Congress, 1st Session, p. 3.
y)
J?oc* 5 0 # ^Senate*
Ho. of Rep*., 31st Coogrcss.Sd session, p. 6.
( i ) Ex. Doc. No. 3, Senate, 32d Congress, 1st session, p. &
(k) Ex. Doc. No. 7, Senate; No. 12, Ho of Reps., 31st Congress, 2d msion p. 5.
( 0 Ex. Doc. No. 13, Ho. of Reps ; No. 26, Sena'e, 30ih Congress, 3d session, p. 3.
(m) Ex. Doc. No. 7, Senate; No. 12, Ho. of Reps., 3 l n Con^rcw, 3d session; p.
.
^ i r ^ 0 0 ® - N o ' 5» S*™1** 3 * s t Congress, 1st session, p. 4; also. Ex. Doc. No. 26, Senate, 30th Congress, 21 session, p. 4.
(o) Ex. Doc. No. 26, Senate; No. 13, Ho. of Repa., 30th Congress, 3d session, pp. 3,
Ho
$ vl n° Ct
I iemte'> N o *
* «>f Reps., 31st Congress, 2d session, pp. 3,
(ff) Ex. Doc. No 3, Senate, 324 Congress 1st session, pp, 4, 5, 63.
II. Doc. 3.
169
sufficient to employ the resources of all engaged in it. Iam satisfied,
by a careful revision of the progress in each of the sections, made with
the sketches and maps before me, that the progress in each is tending to
a more just advance, and is in general very satisfactory. These sections
and operations, where full means have been furnished, have gone forward in such a way as to convince the most skeptical of the capabilities
of this mode of surveying. I need only instance the third section—Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia—in which the whole primary triangulation, the secondary connected with it, and that of the outer coast, has
been nearly completed in less than ten years, and the topography and
hydrography kept close by the triangulation, permitting, now that the
main part of the section is finished, its gradual completion with the
others. While this section illustrates the position just taken, it also
shows the correctness of that in relation to unequal progress; for, while
the sections further south were untouched for want of means, this one
was in rapid progress. At one period the means furnished permitted the
extension of the work but in one direction, and at a later day but in two
directions. At present, on the Atlantic and Gulf coast, seven sections
are in full activity. Taking the work on the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico together, I estimate that it is nearly one half done, and that its present
rate of progress is between four and six per cent, of the whole work. A
small increase of means to the office-work, and to push forward sections
six and seven, the Florida reefs, keys, and coast, would enable me to
be positive of the period of the completion of the eastern coast. As matters stand, I will do my best to bring about the result of the uniform and
speedy completion of the work, recommending the measures necessary
to insure it, and taking advantage of all means that may be furnished.
The history of such works shows that the observations accumulated
during their progress, and which must be published for permanent reference, and to give them authenticity, are brought out very slowly. Those
who have taken part in them are dispersed, and questions arise which
require their aid to answer. However perfectly in theory a work is organized, such questions will occur. The interest in the results is lost
with the responsibility for their accuracy. The present time, when the
organization is complete, and the observers are still connected with the
work, is the proper time on every account to publish the observations.
The economy ol present publication would be very considerable. I am
sustained in these views by the judgment of the scientific men of the
country generally. It is my duty to present this subject to the department and to Congress, that the responsibility of the delay, and of the
other difficulties which I foresee unless these publications be soon commenced, may not rest with me.
In this connexion I must further observe, that, in a temporary work
of this sort, the principle of compensation in proportion to the zeal, assiduity and talent shown, in other words the services rendered, is a cardinal one. The Treasury Department by law now regulates the compensation of the employes of the work; and it is, in my opinion, essential
to its progress that should be the case. That this power has been carefully exercised, the comparison of compensation from date to date for the
last ten years will show; in fact, at a period when compensations out of
the public service are increasing, and when incieased expenses of living
must be met, the economy has been found to be too stringent, as the
170
H. Doc- 3.
resignations of many in the employ of the survey, and their advancement in the new position which they seek, fully prove. I make these
remarks with the more freedom that the subject does not affect me personally. My own compensation has remained entirely stationary since
I first received my appointment, and is now fixed by law. The extension
of the coast survey has at least quadrupled my duties as superintendent;
and I have continued to discharge the duties of superintendent of weights
and measures, and have been at the call of the government whenever
it thought my services were important, without any remuneration even
for the necessary expenses of travelling; and this relation I have no desire
to change. My remarks apply to the compensation of the assistants
and other employes of the survey, and are founded on an experience which cannot be deceptive. To take away the power of regulating the salaries of the coast survey officers from the Treasury Department would be vitally injurious to the efficiency of the work. A tem
porary work should be organized as such, and when other principles are
applied to it, the work under them must take shape accordingly. The
legislation which confirmed the reorganization of IS 13 wisely looked to
the coast survey as temporary, and its advance has shown the wisdom of
the measures founded on that principle. A cardinal feature of that oolicy
is the regulation by the Treasury Department of the salaries of the employ 6
The following is a condensed statement of the progress of the survey
in the different geographical sections of the coast, tlie operations being
referred to in the general order of their succession. The particulars of
the work and their relations to the parties and persons employed are given
in the subsequent division of my report.
SECTION 1.
Coast of Maine,
New Hampshire,
Massachusetts
and
Rhode Island,—Setattishill, iiearLewiston, and Blue mountain, in Franklin county, Maine, have been occupied as primary stations, the first being
also an astronomical point. The range of stations observed upon extend
from the Camden mountains, at the mouth of the Penobscot, to Peaked
mountain, in Amherst. The reconnoissance has been carried to the range
of points next to the St. Croix. The secondary triangulation of Casco
bay has received some extension. The heights of important points in
New Hampshire and near the southern boundary of Maine have been
measured. The topography of York harbor, Maine, and its vicinity, has
been executed, and that of Portland commenced. That of the coast of
Massachusetts has been extended from Essex northward towards New*
buryport. That of Plymouth harbor, Massachusetts, and its approaches,
and of Monomoy point, Cape Cod. has been completed. That of Cuttyr
hunk and Gay Head has been finished. The hydrography of Portland harbor has been completed, including a minute survey of Alden'a
rock; also of Plymouth harbor, Massachusetts. Monomoy shoals north
of Nantucket have been surveyed. The hydrography of the shoals
east and south of Nantucket has been completed to the inner limits of
the deep-sea work. That of the south side of Martha's vineyard has been
executed. That of Gloucester harbor has been completed. M i n u t e survey*
have been made of Minot's ledge, off Boston harbor, and of the Sow and
Pigs, off the entrance of Buzzard's bay, for the sites of lighthouses; and
of Deep Hole rock, for placing a beacon. The regular tidal stations at
Boston, Portsmouth and Portland, have been kept up; and t e m p o r a r y star
tiona have been added at Siasconsett, Great Point, andHyannis, Mass*
chusetts. Views were taken lor charts of Salem/Newburyport and Port*
II. Doc. 3.
171
moutn narbors. Examinations have been made in reference to placing
surf boats for the Treasury Department.
The computations of the chronometer expedition between Liverpool
and Cambridge have been nearly completed. The computations of the
season's work, generally, have been kept up. Maps and charts are in
progress, or have been published during the year, of Davis' shoal and
other dangers near Nantucket, Bass river, Boston, Wellfleet, Salem, Annisquam, Newburyport and Portsmouth harbors, Muskeget channel, and
eastern series numbers 1, 2 and 3.
SECTION I I . Coast of Connecticut,
New
York, New Jersey,
Pennsyl-
vania and Delaware.—The triangulation of the Hudson has been continued to Plumb Bush, and the topography has been extended from
above New York city to Sing Sing, and the hydrography from Fort
Washington to Croton point. The Romer shoals and their vicinity,
New York harbor, have been surveyed in reference to beacons, and to
ascertain if any changes had taken place in the adjacent channels. Sandy Hook shoreline has been retraced, to register the changes there*
The Jersey plats have been surveyed. A re*survey of Little Egg harbor
has been made. Tidal observations at Governor's island have been continued. The off-shore chart, from Gay Head to Cape Henlopen, and
various sketches, have been published, and the three sheets of Long
Island sound are nearly ready to be issued. Maps and charts of the
south side of Long Island Nos. 2 and 3, mouth of Connecticut river,
changes at Sandy Hook, comparative map of Romer shoal and Swash
channel, are in progress.
S E C T I O N III. Coast of Delaware^ Maryland and Virginia.—Observations for telegraphic difference of longitude have been made at Washington for the connexion with Raleigh and thence to Charleston. The
main triangulation of Chesapeake bay has been completed to the capes.
A line has been measured of the outer coast triangulation, and an azimuth
determined for verification. Magnetic observations have been made in
connexion with the azimuth station. The secondary triangulation of
the Chesapeake is nearly complete ; that of the James river from Richmond to Harrison's bar nearly so; that of the Rappahannock has been
carried from Fredericksburg to Port Royal, nearly, and is in progress.
The topography of the ocean-shore of Maryland and Virginia has been
continued; that of the Chesapeake has been extended from Back river
to Newport News point, and to include the shores of Hampton roads.
The shore-line of the James river has been traced from Richmond to
Harrison's bar, below the mouth of the Appomattox; that of the Rappahannock, from Fredericksburg to Port Royal, has been commenced.
The verification work on the Patapsco is nearly completed. The hydrography of the outer coast of Maryland and Virginia has been completed
to Cape Charles; that of the entrance to the Chesapeake, including both
capes, has been nearly finished; that of the bay, near the entrance, has
been in progress. The hydrography of the James river, from Richmond
to Harrison's bar, has been completed, and that of the Rappahannock is
in progresr. The tidal station at Old Point Comfort, Virginia, has been
continued, and the tides of James river have been observed from Richmond to City Point. Maps and charts are in progress, or have been published within the year, of seacoast of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia
No. 1; Chesapeake bay Nos. 1, 2 and 3; Chesapeake bay in one sheet.
172
H. Doc. 2.,
gmaller scale, entrance of Chesapeake bay; Patapsco river, Appomattox
river, part of James river, harborof Hog island; Cherrystone, Metomkm
and Watchapreague inlets; Chincoteague shoals, Virginia. A manuscript
map of the Appomattox for the city of Petersburg is nearly completed.
S E C T I O N I V . Coast of Virginia and North
Carolina.—Washington
and Raleigh, N. C., and Raleigh and Charleston, have been connected
for difference of longitude, and connexion of Washington and New'Orleans. The secondary triangulation has beenextended northward of the
Virginia and North Carolina line in Back bay, Currituck sound; also
over Core bank and sound southward beyond Beaufort harbor, N . C . ;
the reconnoissance extending still further south towards New river. The
triangulation of the Cape Fear river has been made from New inlet to
the head of Eagle's island, above Wilmington. The topography of
Currituck sound has been carried on at the same time with the triangulation; so also that of Core sound and its vicinity, and of the Cape Fear
river. The hydrography of Cape Fear entrance, New inlet, and Cape
Fear river to a point above Wilmington, his been executed. The Gulf
stream has been explored in a section perpendicular to it from Cape Hatteras and Cape Fear. The tidal observations at Smithvillc have been
continued, and stations for the Cape ^earrivertides have been occupied.
Maps and charts have been published, or m progress, of Beaufort harbor,
Albemarle sound Nos. 1 and 2, and in one sheet, on a smaller scalc,Hatteras shoals and inlet, Ocracocke inlet, Core sound, Fryingpan shoals,
Cape Fear entrance and New inlet, Cape Fear river, and New river.
SECTION V. Coast of South Carolina and Georgia.—A
general reconnoissance his been made from Cape Fear entrance to the Santte
river, South Carolina. Astronomical observations have been continued
at the Charleston observatory, which has been conuected, tor difference
of longitude, with Raleigh, North Carolina. The primary triangulation
between the Edisto base and Charleston has been continued by the
opening of lines and occupation of stations, and the secondary connected
with it has been carried along the Stono and across James' island. The
triangulation, determination of shore line, and hydrography of Winyah
bay and Georgetown harbor, have been made. Tne triangulation of the
Savannah river has been carried from the base on Union causeway
to the entrance. Additional examinations of Charleston bar have been
made. The exploration of the Gulf stream has been continued, on a
section perpendicular to its direction from Charleston light, and from
near Savannah entrance. (St. Simon's,) Georgia. Tidai observations
have been kept up in Charleston harbor. Maps and charts have been
published, or are in progress, of Georgetown entrance and Winyah bay;
Cape Roman shoals, Charleston harbor; N. Edisto entrance and river;
Tybee entrance, and of Savannah river.
S E C T I O N VI. Coast, keys, and reefs of Florida.—The
survey of the
St. John's entrance and Fort George inlet, including the triangulation,
topography and hydrography, and the necessary observations of tides
and currents, has been made and furnished to the engineer in charge of
the improvement. The triangulation of the Florida keys and reef ha*
been extended from Point Etizabeth, near Carysfort, to near Key Tavernier, and from Key West eastward. The topography has been
extended from Soldier key to Old Rhodes key, and from Key West,
II. Doc. 3.
173
eastward, over Boca Chica, and the marking required by the land office
made.
The hydrography has been carried from Triumph reef to Turtle reef.
The Gulf stream has been explored, in sections, from St Augustine
and Cape Canaveral, and in other positions from Cape Florida northward. A report on screw-pile signals for the reef has been made.
Sketches have been published of Florida peninsula, Bahia Honda
and Rebecca shoal, and additions have been made to the sketch of Key
West. A chart of Key West harbor on a large scale, of St. John's
river entrance, and of the Florida keys and reef No. 1, are in progress.
S E C T I O N VII. Coast of Florida.—Special reconnoissances, with astronomical points determined, and hydrography, have been made of the
ea3tand west entrances into St. George's sound, harbor of Apalachicola,
and a general reconnoissance of St. Andrew's and St. Joseph's bays,
and of the coast westward. Tidal observations at Pensacola have been
made. Sketches of Cedar keys and of St. Mark's harbor have been
published, and those resulting from the past season's work are in progress.
S E C T I O N VIII. Coast of Alabama, Mississippi and
Louisiana.—The
reconnoissance for extending the primary triangulation from Lake
Borgne to the delta of the Mississippi has been made. A general reconnoissance of the coast, with the determination of astronomical positions for a sketch of the coast, has been made from the mouths of the
Mississippi to Atchafalaya bay. Special reconnoissances for furnishing
preliminary charts have been made of Barataria and Timballier bays,
Louisiana. The stations of the secondary triangulation have been
established, and the lines opened for connecting Lake Borgne and New
Orleans, and for extending the work to near Madisonville, on Lake Pontchartrain. The topography has determined the shores of Lake Borgne.
A complete survey for the location of a light-house, including triangulation, topography and hydrography, has been made of Last island (Isle
Derniere,) Louisiana, and of Ship shoal, in its vicinity. A hydrographic
examination of Na*o roads and Horn Island pass has been made, to ascertain if changes had occurred from the hurricane of 1852; also of the
reported break across Ship island and of the passage between Little Pelican and Dauphine islands, Mobile entrance. The regular hydrography
has been carried westward in Mississippi sound, and Pascagoula river
entrance has been examined for the site of a light-house. Hourly observations of tides have been made at the southwest pass of the Mississippi
and at Last island.
The following charts and sketches have been in progress: Mobile bay
Nos. 1 and 2, Mississippi sound Nos. 1 and 2, Mobile bay on a smaller
scale in one sheet, and of the reconnoissance named above. Charts and
sketches have been published of the passes into the Mississippi; Horn
Island pass, Mississippi; Naso roads, Chandeleur island, Louisiana.
Also diagrams of the tides at Cat island, Louisiana.
S E C T I O N I X . Coast of Louisiana and Texas.—Astronomical and magnetic observations have been made at two of the primary stations, determining the latitude and the azimuth of certain lines. The reconnoissance for the secondary triangulation has been carried to Matagorda bay,
and the work itself has advanced to the head of the bay. The topography has been carried from the Brazos river to Cany creek, near the
limits of the triangulation. The hydrography of Galveston Upper bay,
174
H. Doc. 2.,
and of San Luis entrance and bay, has been completed. Aransas pass
and the entrance to the Sabine have been examined in reference to sites
for light-houses. The hydrography of the Rio Grande entrance, and of
part of the river, has been executed. Hourly tidal observations have
been made at Galveston, and at the Rio Grande and Matagorda entrances.
Charts have been published of Galveston entrance and sketches of the
bay; and the sketches of the last season's work are in the hands of the
draughtsmen.
,
SECTIONS X AND X I . Coast of California,
and of Washington
and
Oregon Territories.—The geographical position* of Punta dc los Reyes,
Bodega bay, Heaven's anchorage, Mendocino city, Shelter cove, Humboldt city and harbor, Trinidad bay, Point St. George, Port Orfnrd, and
the mouth of the Umpqua, have been determined by preliminary observations in connexion with the general hydrographic reconnoissance of
the coast.
A preliminary base has been measured at Pulgas, San Francisco
county, and the main- triangulation of the coast has been commenced.
The triangulation of the bays adjacent to San Francisco bay has been
completed.
A preliminary base has been measured near San Pedro; and the triangulation for connecting the Santa Barbara islands with the main, and
furnishing bases for the work on these islands, has been commenced.
The triangulation of Humboldt harbor, and the coast near Mendocino
city, near Crescent city, under Point St. George, and at the mouth of
the Umpqua, has been executed, and the preliminary topography made
in connexion with it. The topography of San Francisco bay proper has
been completed, and that of the adjacent bays is in progress. The topography of the coast near San Pedro, and towards Point Ano Nuevo, has
been executed. The topography of Bonita point has been completed in
reference to the site of alight-house there. A hydrographic reconnoissance
has been made of the coast north from San Francisco to Columbia liver,
and the hydrography of Humboldt harbor, of Mendocino, Trinidad bay,
Point St George, and the mouth of the Umpqua. A resurvey has also
been made of Columbia river entrance, and the hydrographic reconnoissance of Washington Territory has been extended. The examination
of a bank near San Clemente island has been made, and the hydrography of the Santa Barbara islands has been commenced. Tidal stations
.have been established at San Diego, Monterey, San Francisco, Columbia
river, &c.
The following maps, charts, and sketches have been completed, and
either published within the year or are ready for publication: Itecortaoisance chart from San Francisco to San Diego, San F r a n c i s c o city,
Catalina harbor, coast near San Pedro, Point Conception and Coxo,
Santa Barbara, Cape Mendocino, Ewing harbor, mouth of Columbia
river to Straits of Fuca, Shoalwater bay, Washington Territory!
False Dungeness, Cape Flattery, and Neeah harbor, W a s h i n g t o n .
Charts and sketches are in progress of San Francisco entrance, of the
revised reconnoissance north of San Francisco, of Columbia river, of
.Umpqua river, and San Diego bay.
The foregoing statement does not include the work done in the computing department of the office, nor the maps of record and assemblage
«ipr the use of the survev, nor the sketches of progress in the
II. Doc. 3.
175
sections, which accompany my annual report, and are in themselves
quite numerous.
I proceed to give an estimate of the progress of the work which can
be executed under its present organization, with the means shown in
the same estimate. If it is desired to hasten the work to completion,
there will be no difficulty in so doing by adding to those estimates. I
hive, however, adopted the scale heretofore approved by the Executive
and by Congress. The expenses of the work on the western coast are
not necessarily as great as in past years, and I have made a reduction
adapted to the present circumstances there. I have already given the
reasons why the survey should be pressed in section VII, and without
increasing the total sum asked far the survey of both coasts. I have
provided for this section. The very pressing matter of a publication of
our records, spoken of in this and previous reports, and recommended
heretofore by the Treasury Department, I have provided for by an estimate which is of moderate amount.
The estimates follow the order of the geographical sections of the coast,
and of the different operations constituting the field and office-work.
They suppose the same aid which is now furnished, under the law, from
the Navy and War Departments, by the detail of officers for the hydrography and land-work respectively.
ESTIMATE FOR T H E FISCAL YEAR 1854-'55.
General expenses for all the sections, namely: rent, fuel,
postage, materials for drawing, engraving and printing; carpenter's work and materials; blank books, stationery, printing and ruling forms; binding; transportation of instruments,
maps and chai ts, and miscellaneous office expenses; purchase
of new instruments, books, maps and charts
-
SECTION 1. Coast of Maine,
New Hampshire,
Massachu-
setts and Rhode Island. Meld-tcor/c. —To ex tend the primary
triangulation in Maine eastward, and the astronomical and
magnetic observations connected with it to the Penobscot,
and to complete the reconnoissance to the boundary, including the selection of a site for the base of verification; to continue the secondary triangulation ot Casco bay, and across
to the Kennebeck, and determine the heights of stations; to
continue the topography of the coast between Portsmouth
and Portland, and to complete that of Portland harbor and its
approaches; to continue the topography of the coast of Massachusetts from between Essex and Newburyport northward ;
to complete the offshore hydrography near the Nantucket
shoals; to continue that of Nantucket sound and the eastern
entrance to Martha's vineyard ; to commence that of the
outer coast of Cape Cod; to complete that of the coast of
Massachusetts between Boston and Cape Ann; to complete
that of the harbors of Chatham and Gloucester, Massachusetts, and of Saco and Kennebunk, Maine, and to commence
that of Casco bay, Maine ; to continue observations of tides
and currents at stations on the coast, and to take the views
required for the chart of Portland. O/ice-work.—To make
:the reductions and computations forihe section; to make drawings of harbor charts of Plymouth and Gloucester, Massachu
$16,000
H. Doc. 2.,
176
setts, and of York and Portland, Maine; to make a finished
drawing of the Nantucket shoals; to complete the engraving o!
charts of the harbors of Gloucester, Annisquam and Ipswich,
Massachusetts, and to commence that of York and Portland,
Maine; to continue the engraving of coast charts, eastern scries
Nos. 1, 2 and 3, coast of Rhode Island and Massachusetts,
will require - r
- f r
S E C T I O N II. Coast of Connecticut, New iork, Aeir Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware.—Ho continue the triangulation, topography and hydrography of the Hudson, and to
execute verification work in the section; to continue observations of tides and currents; to continue the engraving of
the third sheet of the south side of Long Island and of pre*
liminary sketches in the section, will require
SECTION III. Coast of Delaware,
Maryland and
Coast of
Virginia
and
North
25,000
Carolina.
Field-work.—To continue the primary triangulation of Pamlico sound; to make the connexion with the Chesapeake
by the secondary triangulation, and to follow with the topography, and to continue that of the coast and the topography
between Beaufort and the Cape Fear river; to continue
the in-shore hydrography between Cape Henry and Cape
Hatteras; to continue that of Pamlico sound ; to extend the
hydrography south from Beaufort and north from the Cape
Fear; to continue the tracing of the Gulf stream; to make
the necessary tidal observations. Office -work.—To make the
computations and reductions required by the work of the section ; to make the drawings of the preliminary sketches
lequired by the season's work; to complete the drawing of
Cape Fear river to the head of Eagle's island; to continue
the engraving of the charts of Albermarle sound, Nos. 1 and
2, of Cape Fear entrance and river, and of the preliminary
sketches, will require
.
.
.
^
< >000
Virginia.
Field-work.—To make the astronomical and magnetic
observations required at stations on the Chesapeake bay and
rivers; to continue the triangulation of the James and
Rappahannock rivers ; to continue the topography of the
lower part of Chesapeake bay and of the James and Rappahannock rivers, and of the outer coast of Maryland and
Virginia; to commence the off-shore hydrography of the section; to continue that of the Chesapeake bay and of the
adjacent bays near the entrance; to continue that of the
James and Rappahannock rivers. Office work.—To make
the computations and reductions required by the work of the
section; to commence the drawing of the seacoast of Maryland and Virginia, sheet No. 2; to complete that of sheet
No. 1 and that of the second series south of the Potomac,
and to continue that of the James and Rappahannock rivers;
to continue the engjaving of the upper series of the Chesapeake, Nos. 1 and 2, and of a portion of the rivers, and to
complete that of the general chart of the Hay, and to engrave
in part No. 2 of the outer coast series, will require SECTION IV.
§37,000
24,000
II.
Doc. 3.
SECTION V. Coast of South Carolina and Georgia.
177
Field-
work.—To continue the primary triangulation and the secondary triangulation connected with it eastward, between
Charleston and Bull's bay, and to make the necessary astronomical and magnetic observations; to extend the secondary
triangulation south of Tybee entrance and over St. Mary's
entrance and river and Brunswick harbor; to extend the topography east from Charleston harbor and south from Tybee,
following the triangulation; to continue the hydrography of
the ocean coast between Charleston and Savannah entrances,
from Georgetown entrance south, to include Roman shoals,
and of St. Mary's harbor;, to continue the exploration of the
Gulf stream in this section, and to continue the tidal observations at Charleston, Savannah, and along the coast of the
section. Office-work.—To complete the drawings of Winyah
bay and Georgetown harbor, of Savannah river entrance, of
St. Mary's harbor, and of the sketches required by the season's work, and to commence the drawing of the seacoast of
South Carolina south of Charleston entrance; to complete the
engraving of Charleston harbor; to commence that of Winyah
bay and Georgetown harbor, and of Savannah entrance and
river, will require
S E C T I O N VI. Reefs, keys, and coast of Florida.—(See estimate for usual appropriation for that special object.)
S E C T I O N VII. Coast of Florida.
Field work.—To make
the triangulation of St. Andrew's and St. Joseph's bays, and
the necessary astronomical and magnetic observations connected with it$ to continue that of Apalacliicola harbor and of
St. Mark's and the adjacent coast, and to commence that of
Pensacolaj to complete the topography of the Cedar Keys and
adjacent coast, and to commence that of St. Andrew's bay
and St. George's sound; to complete the hydrography of the
Cedar Keys and Crystal River offing; to commence that of
St. Andrew's bay, St. George's sound, and St. Mark's.
Office-work.—To make the necessary drawings of preliminary
sketches, and to engrave them; to complete the drawing and
to commence the engraving of the coast sheet, including the
Cedar Keys and Crystal River offing; to commence the drawings of the harbors and parts of the coast, will require
*
S E C T I O N VIII. Coast of Alabama, Mississippi a?id Louisiana0
Field-work.—To complete the general reconnoissance of this
coast; to continue the primary triangulation towards the delta
of the Mississippi, the secondary triangulation of the coast
from the entrance to Lake Borgne, southward, along the
group of Chandeleur islands towards the Mississippi; to complete the telegraphic connexion of Washington, Mobile, and
New Orleans, for difference of longitude, to make the astronomical and magnetic observations required in connexion
with the triangulations; to continue the preliminary surveys
of the more important bays west of the Mississippi; to continue the topography of the coast and shores of Lake Pontchar train and of the Chandeleur islands; to complete the hy
§25,000
23,000
178
H. Doc. 2.,
drography of Mississippi sound, and to continue that of Louisiana bay; to continue the in shore and ofT-shore work south
of the islands bounding Mississippi sound; to continue the
hydrography of the approaches of the Mississippi, and to
make the necessary tidal observations on the coast of Louisiana. Office-work.—To make the computations and reductions required by the work of the section; to make the drawings of Mississippi sound, number 2; to commence one of the
sheets of New Orleans and its approaches; to complete the
engraving of the chart of Mobile bay; to continue that of Mississippi sound, number 1; to complete the engraving of
sketches of Atchafalaya, Cote Blanche, and Vermilion bays,
and of the sketches required by the season's work, will require
SECTION I X . Coast of Louisiana
and Texas.
To make particular reconnoissances for the main triangulation; to extend the main triangulation southward and westward, and to make the astronomical and magnetic observations connected with it; to execute the secondary triangulation
and topography of Matagorda and Lavacca bays, and to
complete the triangulation, topography, and hydrography at
the mouth of the Rio Giande; to execute the hydrography inshore and off shore from Galveston, southward and westward;
to commence that of Matagorda bay. Officcwork.—To make
the reductions and computations requhed for the section; to
complete the drawing of East and West bays, in connexion
with the chart of Galveston bay; to commence the drawing of
the coast sheet south of Galveston; to make the drawing of
the Rio Grande entrance; to engrave the preliminary sketches
required; to continue that of Galveston and East and West
bays, and commence that of the Rio Grande entrance, will
require
SECTIONS X AND X I .
Western
§27,000
Fidd-work.
coast California,
22,000
Oregon,
and Washington.—(See estimates provided for, as last year,
by special appropriation.)
Total, exclusive of the Florida reefs, keys, and of the
western coast .
The estimate for the Florida coast, reefs, and keys, and
for the western coast, is intended to accomplish the followingnamed results:
SECTION Y L Reefs, keys, and coast of Florida.
Field
work.
To continue the general reconnoissance of the coast; to continue the triangulation of the Florida reefs outside, and keys
from Tennessee reef towards Key West, and of the keys east
of Boca Chica, and to continue that of Barnes' sound; to
extend the topograpy of the keys from Key Rodriguez westward; to continue the hydrography of the reef southward
and westward; to execute that of Key Biscayne bay and
s Soun
£> a ^d to continue the Gulf stream examinations
necessary. Office-work.—{To complete the computations and
206,000
II. Doc. 3.
179
reductions required by the work of the section; to make the
drawings and sketches of harbors and shoals from the previous season's work; to complete the drawing of Key West
chart (large scale) and of sheet No. 1, Florida keys and reefs;
to continue the engraving of Key West chart; to commence
that of Florida reefs and keys, No. 1, and to engrave the
sketches and preliminary charts, will require
SECTIONS X AND X I . California,
Oregon, and
ton. Field work*—To continue the determinations of geographical positions, absolute and relative, of capes, headlands,
&c., and to determine the position of the forty-ninth parallel
on the coast; to complete the triangulation of the Straits of
Rarquines, Suisun bay, &c.; to continue the main triangulation of the coast north and south of San Francisco bay, and
to follow the triangulation with the topography; to continue
the triangulation and topography of the several harbors; to
continue the triangulation of the Columbia river and of Puget's sound; to complete the hydrography of San Francisco
entrance; to continue that of San Pablo and adjacent bays;
to continue the hydrographic reconnoissance of the Straits of
Fuca, Puget's sound, &c., of the harbors of the coast, and
of Santa Barbara channel. Office-work.—To make the computations of geographical positions and others required by
the work; to complete the drawing and engraving of revised
reconnoissance and harbor charts; to commence the drawings
of San Francisco bay and its appendices, of Columbia river
and of the Santa Barbara islands; to continue the engraving
of San Francisco bay and of Columbia river; to commence
that of the Santa Barbara islands, and new harbors and anchorages developed; to reduce and engrave the sketches resulting from the ;*revious season's work, and received from
current work, will require The total amount appropriated for the eastern and western
coasts, for the fiscal year lS53-'54, was the same which is
now asked for these objects, the distribution being different
for reasons stated. The additional sum of twenty thousand
dollars is required for the publication of the records and observations of the survey.
The items are as follows:
L For the coast of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico generally
2. For publishing the records of the work and the observations made during its progress 3. For continuing the survey of the reefs, keys, and coast of
Florida
4. For continuing the survey of the coast of California, Oregon, and Washington .
.
.
The appropriations lor the fiscal year lS53~'54 were:
I. For the coast of the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico generally
§30,000
Washing-
130,000
206,000
20,000
30,000
130,000
186,000
jgO
H. Doc. 2.,
2. For the Florida reefs, keys, and coast
3. For the Pacific.coast
Respectfully submitted by
-
Superintendent
H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
^
p
^
of V. S. Coast
f^.OJJJ
^
Survey.
Treasury.
A R.
Report of the Light-house
Board.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Office Light-house Board, Nov. 1 9 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: I have the honor respectfully to submit for your information a report of the proceedings of this board, and of the operations of the lighthouse establishment, since the date of the last report from this office, on
the 15th of January last, and in advance of a more detailed report which
will be submitted for your consideration, and for that of Congress, at an
early day.
The epidemic which has been so destmctive of human life along the
southern coast has been the means of delaying the reports called for in
September last from the light-house inspectors on that coast, which will
unavoidably delay the completion of the lull and detailed report from
this office.
Since the date of the last report the usual routine duty of providing
and distributing supplies of all kinds to the different light houses and
light-vessels; making examinations and inspections, estimates of cost of
and repairs to the different towers, buildings, sea-walls, and light-vessels;
of raising, cleaning, painting, numbering, and replacing all the buoys
authorized by Congress; preparing correct lists of buoys and beacons;
light-houses and light-vessels, and publishing and distributing the necessary notices to mariners of the establishment of new aids to navigation;
and of changes in the distinctions of old ones, has been performed under the general instructions, and by special directions, from this office,
by the different district inspectors, local superintendents, and the engineer officers of the army detailed from time to time for this service in
conformity to the acts of Congress.
The board has been embarrassed in the execution of works for which
special appropriations had been made based upon estimates of the cost
of labor and materials at the time the appropriations were asked for*
in consequence of the great advance in the price of materials, and the
demand for labor in almost every department of industry during the pa?*
season. To overcome these difficulties it became necessary to modify
previously conceived plans, or to delay the works until additional appropriations could be asked for and obtained.
In consideration of the importance of the aids authorized by Congress
to the commerce of the country, the board deemed it advisable to adapt rt9
plans, as far as practicable, in every case to the means at its command.
In the first district, embracing the coasts of Maine and New BaipP!
shire—Lieutenant W. B. Franklin, United States corps topographical
II. Doc. 3.
181
engineers, inspector—the work of placing the numerous aids to navigation,
authorized by Congress at the last two sessions, has been carried on
with commendable zeal, and with great economy. Numerous buoys,
spindles, and beacons in this district, for which Congress had at different times made appropriations, had been permitted to fall into decay, or
to be destroyed by ice and storms, prior to this officer entering upon the
duties of the district; to replace these, and to prosecute the new works
under his charge with advantage, was a service of much difficulty.
All the old stations for buoys have been carefully re-marked, and duplicates provided to meet losses arising from casualties on nearly all
those upon which spindles or beacons have been authorized, and which
had been allowed to fall into decay; these aids have been restored, or
are in course of being renewed, and the following new works have been
either completed or commenced: Narragaugus light-house was finished
and lighted during the last winter; a light-house has been built during
the past season on Bear island, and is nearly ready for lighting, to supply the place of the one destroyed by fire last winter; the light-house
authorized to be placed on Heron Neck has been built, and will be ready
for lighting in a short time; plans and estimates have been prepared,
submitted, and approved, for constructing the light-house authorized for
Boon island, and the necessary preliminary steps taken for procuring
materials by contract, and commencing the work at the opening of the
ensuing season; plans and estimates have been prepared and submitted
for the lighthouse on Pumpkin island, the construction of which has
been delayed in consequence of not being able to find an owner who can
give a good title to the site selected for this object; fog-bells have been
laced at Cape Elizabeth, Whitehead, and Petit Menan light-houses;
eacons have been commenced or completed on Haddock's ledge, Logy's ledge, Willey's ledge, in the Kennebec river, entrance to Camden
harbor, and between Owl's-head and Whitehead light-houses, and on
Buck's ledge; buoys have been procured and placed, or are in course of
construction, for the Eastern and Western Sisters, a large number in the
Kennebec river, on Old Alan's ledge, in Narraguagus harbor, at Goldsborough, in Muskongus bay, and east of Boon island; besides which, all
the light houses in the district have been visited and inspected, and the
necessary ordinary repairs made to towers, buildings, and illuminating
apparatus, in all cases which would warrant the required expenditure.
In the second district, embracing the entire coast of Massachusetts,
which includes Boston bay, Buzzard bay, Vineyard sound and tributaries,
Commodore John Downes, United States navy, who was succeeded by
Lieutenant S. R. Knox, United States navy, as inspector, and Major C.
A. Ogden, United States corps of engineers, charged with the construction
and repair of various works in the district, in addition to the ordinary
routine duty of keeping the buoys in their proper positions; raising,
cleaning, painting, and replacing them at the proper times, &c.; making
the ordinary repairs to light house towers, buildings, and illuminating
apparatus, and keeping the numerous light-vessels at their stations iu
an efficient condition, sites have been selected, and plans and estimates
submitted for erecting the light-house at Bass river, and for three small
light-houses at Holmes' Hole harbor. Preliminary steps have also been
taken for maturing a plan for the light-house authorized to be pi ced ou
the " Sow and Pigs.'* A hydrographic and topographical survey of this
182
H. Doc. 2.,
locality, with a report, has been furnished by the Superintendent of the
Coast Survey. The beacons in Newburyport harbor have been rebuilt, or
are in course of repair. All the buoys authorized for Newburyport harbor, Bibb Rock, Great Rip, Sand Shoal, Point Gammon, and Taunton
river have been placed, or are ready to be placed.
On the 31st day of August, 1852, an appropriation of *h0,0fH) was
made towards the erection of a light house on the Outer Minot's rock;
and by the 4th section of the act making appropriations for light-houses,
&c., approved March 3, 1853, it was enacted, " That the Secretary of
the Treasury is hereby authorized to select, instead of the Outer Minot's
ledge, any more suitable site amongst the Cohasset rocks, entrance of
Boston harbor, if in his judgment, on a further survey, a more suitable
site can be found."
By direction of the department, the Superintendent of the Coast Survey
has been engaged during the past season in making the necessary hydrographical surveys; and where the reports are received and the site is
determined upon by the department, it is desirable that this important
work should be commenced.
The act making the appropriation provides that the light-house shall
be built upon a plan to be approved by the Topographical bureau, which
plan, it is understood, has been submitted to the'honorable Secretary of
the Treasury.
In the third district, embracing the coasts of Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, part of New Jersey, and including Long Island sound
and Lake Champlain—Lieutenant S. F, Blunt, 'United States navy,
who was succeeded by Lieutenant A. L. Case, United States navy, inspector—the usual routine duties relating to the care of buoys, the inspection of light-houses and light vessels, &c., has been performed.
Upon the application of the board to the Engineer department, Major
Richard Delafield and Lieutenant W S. Rosecrans, of the U n i t e d States
corps of engineers, were detailed to execute the works of construction,
renovation, and repairs in this disuict. Both these officers were relieved
during the past spring and summer by Major William D. Frascr and
Captain George Dutton, of the same corps, who have since been discharging the duties.
Tne work authorized for the preservation of the Goat Island lighthouse, in Newport harbor, commenced by Lieutenant Ilosecrans, devolved upon Captain Dutton, under whose superintendence it has been
completed. The small light authorized at the last session of Congress
to be placed on Lime rock, in Newport harbor, has been c o m m e n c e d by
Captain Dutton, and will be ready for lighting at an early day. As soon
as the site for the light authorized to be placed on Long Wharf, New
Haven harbor, Connecticut, was obtained, the work was put under the
direction of Major Fraser, who is expected to complete it this season*
Major Fraser submitted, and is now engaged in the execution of, a pl^1
for the preservation of the site of Execution Rock light-house, for -th®
safety of which there was some apprehension. Plans and estimates were
prepared and submitted by Major Delafield, in May last, for the three
small lights authorized to be placed on the Hudson river; but the execution of the work has been delayed for the want of a good title to the sites,
the cession of jurisdiction over which was obtained at the last session oj
the legislature of New York. The sites for the light-house at Point
II. Doc. 3.
183
Roche; two beacon lights near Point Comfort, New Jersey; two beaconlights to mark the main channel in New York bay; and two beacons
on Staten island, to serve as range lights for the Swash channel, New
York bay, have been selected, the land purchased, and the deeds for the
same are in the hands of the district attorney; cessions of jurisdiction
over the sites having been obtained from the respective State legislatures.
The work at these several places will be commenced so soon as the
deeds for the sites are received and approved by the Attorney General, in
conformity to law. The two lights authorized for Set-off point and
Elbow Beacon have been placed, and the other works in that locality are
in progress. The site for the light house authorized to be placed on the
north point of Gardiner's island has been obtained, with the cession of
State jurisdiction, and approved plans and estimates have been submitted, and the work will be commenced at the earliest practicable moment.
The beacon authorized for Sag harbor will be commenced at the opening
of the ensuing season. The buoys authorized to be placed in the Hudson river, between Albany and Troy; Stoney Brook harbor, in the bay
of New York; Narragansett bay, ani New Haven harbor, have been procured and placed in their proper positions. The sites for beacons and
buoys authorized for Connecticut river, below Middletown, have been
selected, and the necessary instructions given for placing the latter without delay. For the sites of the three beacons proposed for that locality
the action of the legislature will be required before the construction can
be commenced.
In the fourth district, embracing part of the coasts of New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsvlvania, and Virginia, including Delaware bay and river—
Lieutenant Charles H. McBIair, United States navy, inspector—in addition to the ordinary works of inspection and repair of light-house towers,
buildings, illuminating apparatus, and light-vessels; raising, cleaning,
numbering, painting, and replacing buoys, &c.; the buoys authorized for
Delaware bay, Joe Flogger shoal, Chincoteague inlet, Metompkin inlet,
Barnegat inlet, and Absecum bar, have beeti procured or placed, or are
in course of construction; and new illuminating apparatus have been
procured and placed in Cape Henlopen and Cape May light-houses.
The work authorized for the preservation of the foundation of the
Brandywine Shoal light house has been prosecuted towards completion,
under the superintendence and direction of Major Hartman Bache, United
States corps of topographical engineers, by whom this important and
creditable work was planned and executed some years since. A valuable report upon the aids required to render the navigation of the Delaware
bay safe and easy, has also been furnished by this officer, which will be
submitted in the more detailed report from this office.
In the fifth district, embracing the coasts of part of Virginia, Maryland,
and part of North Carolina, including Chesapeake bay and tributaries,
Albemarle and Pamlico sounds—Lieutenant A. M. Pennock, United
States navy, inspector—in addition to the ordinary routine of duties of
inspections, executing necessary repairs on lieht-house towers, buildings,
illuminating apparatus and light-vessels, anS the care and preservation
of the buoys in the district, all the buoys authorized for the Potomac
river, Rappahannock river, and other tributaries to Chesapeake bay,
have been procured and placed, or are in course of construction. All
the buoys authorized for the sounds of North Carolina have been pro
184
H. Doc. 2.,
cured and placed in tlieix proper positions, and the old ones in those
waters reset. The board has had the valuable services of Lieutenant
Colonel R. E. De Russey, United Slates corps of engineers, in making
examinations, plans, and estimates for repairs of light-houses in Chesapeake bay; and of Captain D. P. Wocdbnry, of the same corps, for
works in Albemarle and Pamlico sounds. The site for the light house
authorized to be placed at the mouth of Pungoteague creek, Virginia,
has been selected, and plans and estimates submitted by Major Hartman
Bache, United States corps of topographical engineers, which have been
approved, and the necessary steps authorized to be taken by that office
for the commencement of the work at the earliest practicable day. The
cites for three beacon-lights and one day beacon, authorized to be placed
on James river, were selected by Major Bache, who submitted plans and
estimates for the same in July last. Proposals for building the above
lights and bacon were issued by the board, and the lowest bid received
was accepted; and the contract will be executed and the work commenced
as soon as the title to the sites is approved by the Attorney General. The
site of the light-house authorized to be placed on Jordan's point, James
river, has been selected, and plans and estimates made by Major Bache,
which are approved and the land purchased. When the deeds are obtained and approved, the necessary steps will be taken for commencing
the work. The site for the light-house authorized to be placed on Jones'
point, near Alexandria, Virginia, has been selected and marked, and
the board is now negotiating with the owners for the purchase of a sufficient quantity ofland for light-house purposes.
Two appropriations have been made for the erection of a light-house
on the Seven-foot knoll, at the mouth of the Patapsco river. A contract
was entered into by the department, prior to the o r g a n i z a t i o n o! this
board, for the erection of a light house at that point for the whole amount
of the appropriations. The contractors havinir failed to obtain the
proper foundation for the structure, owing to difficulties encountered
by them, they submitted a proposition for a modification of the contract
a shprt time before it would expire by its own limitation; but before any
action could be taken by this board to enable the department to decide
upon the proper course to be pursued, the time specified in the contract
for completing the work expired, since which time nothing has been
done, as the season is not suited to the prosecution of such a work. R
is however proposed, with the approbation of the department, to re*
commence this work upon a proper plan at the opening of the ensuing
spring. Congress, at the close of its last session, made an appropriation
of $15,000 for elevating the light-house tower at Cape Hatteras, and for
substituting a first order lens light in place of the present reflecting ap*
paratus. The illuminating apparatus designed for this tower was ordered
immediately after the passage of the law, and received during the past
summer. It is now, by the courtesy of the department, on exhibition
in the Crystal Palace at New York. As soon as ,the lantern necessaiy
to receive it, which was contracted to be delivered on the 15th ult., is
completed, and the tower elevated, it will be placed as d e s i g n e d undeS
the superintendence of Captain Woodbury, United States corps of .engineers, who hopes to be able to finish the
the ensuing
winter. This magnificent specimen of art, acknowledged to be the
most perfect of its kind, it is believed, could not be more appropriately
w o r k s
d u r i n g
II. Doc. 3.
185
placed than in the position for which it is designed, to warn the mariner
in approaching the dangerous shoals off Cape Hatteras, which have so
long been the terror of seafaring men. One of the great difficulties in
elevating light-house towers for the purpose of substituting improved
illuminating apparatus, is that of keeping up the existing light while the
work is going on; and at no point upon our coast will it be more important to prevent the extinguishment of the light for a single night than
at Cape Hatteras; and Captain Woodbury will make the necessary arrangements to obviate this difficulty. Fishing Battery light-house, at
the head of Chesapeake bay, has been completed and lighted since the
date of the last report; and the small lights authorized to be placed on
Fort Carroll, Patapsco river, will be temporarily erected, as soon as the
lighting apparatus is received, (now daily expected,) upon the plan
submitted by Captain Henry Brewerton, of the corps of engineers.
In the sixth district, embracing the coasts of part of North Carolina,
South Carolina, Georgia, and part of Florida—Captain D. P. Woodbury, United States corps of engineers, inspector—in addition to the
ordinary routine duty of inspection, repairs to light-house towers, buildings, light vessels, and illuminating apparatus, raising, cleaning, painting, numbering and replacing buoys, the following special works have
been placed under the charge of the inspector: The light-house on the
upper jettee, Cape Fear river; lighthouse on Bogue banks; three beacon-lights at Georgetown, S. C.; beacon on Morris island, Charleston
harbor, and a new light-house off Cape Romain. Plans for all of these
works are in progress; and as soon as the necessary preliminary steps
in regard to the selection of sites, obtaining deeds and cessions of jurisdiction, are completed, the works will be commenced and prosecuted
vigorously.
T h e light authorized to be placed on the battery at Charleston, for
which a plan was submitted by Captain A. H. Bowman, corps of engineers, is now in charge of Captain J. Gilmer, of the same corps, by whom
the work will be commenced as soon as the legislature of the State
grants the necessary jurisdiction over the site.
An appropriation of $10,000 was made for the preservation of the
site of the light-house at the mouth of the St. John's river, Florida.
Lieutenant Wright, of the corps of engineers, was detailed to proceed
to that point and make the necessary examinations; and the Superintendent of the Coast Survey was instructed by the department to
have the necessary hydrographical surveys executed, in connexion with
this and another appropriation made in the River and Harbor bill.
Before these surveys and examinations were completed, it was ascertained that the title to the site of the light-house was in dispute, and no
further expenditures will be made until a perfect title to the site is
obtained. Upon the report of this board, the department referred the
question of validity of title to the United States district attorney of Florida, from whom no report has yet been received. A recent report of
Lieutenant J . Newton, corps of engineers, upon the condition of the site
of this light-house, states that it is in danger of being entirely destroyed,
and suggests whether it would not be better to select a new site than to
resort to the temporary expedient of protecting the present one.
In the seventh district, embracing the coast of Florida from Musquito
inlet to Egmontkey—Lieutenant George L. Selden, United States navy,
inspector—has been but recently placed in charge, in consequence of the
H. Doc. 2.,
186
difficulty encountered in securing at an earlier day the services of an
effrer for that district. The important engineering works of thn district
have been chiefly in charge of Lieutenant G. G Meade, United States
corps of topographical engineers. Lieutenant H. G, Wright, United
States corps of engineers, has also rendered important services in making
plans and estimates, and superintending repairs in this district.
T h e light*house at Sand key, constnicted under the direction of the
Bureau of Topographical Engineers, under the charge of Lieutenant
Meade, was completed and lighted on the 20th of July last. This, one
of the most important lights on the coast of the United States, constnicted upon a plan comparatively novel in this country, and upon a
site presenting many difficulties to the engineer, has been completed in
a manner most creditable to the energy and ability of the officer in
charge. It is fitted with a first-order lens, on the system of Fresnel,
which has no rival on this continent, except the apparatus now on
exhibition at the World's Fair in New York, designed for the Cape
Hatteras tower.
Lieutenant Meade has prepared and submitted, or has in course of
preparation to be submitted in a short time, reports, plans, and estimates
for the following works authorized for this district, viz: For the first-class
light on the Florida reef, at the point known as Coffin's pitches; for a
piJe foundation light-house for the northwest passage, near Key West;
for a light-house to be constructed on Sea-horse, one of the Cedar keys;
and for a beacon on Rebecca shoal, to mark the channel between the
Tortugas islands and the keys on the coast of Florida. These works,
it is believed, will all be commenced during the present season, and
prosecuted with every means compatible with true economy. A firstclass light-house was authorized at the last session of Cougress to be
placed in the vicinity of Jupiter inlet, Florida, to serve as a seasoast
light, and also to guard mariners in approaching the dangerous thoal
lying off that point. This point being inaccessible for all useful purposes by land, and difficult to be readied by sea for want of harbors in
its vicinity, some delay may ensue in marking the proper site and
obtaining a proper title to it. T h e act of Congress ceding swamp lands
to this and other States, without making reservations for light-house
purposes, renders this duty complicated and causes delay.
T h e attention of the inspector of the district has been given to the
few, though important, buoys within its limits, and which had for a long
time previous to his arrival in the district been a source of much, and it
is believed just, complaint on the part of navigators in that quarter.
Careful inspections and examinations have been made of the towers,
buildings, &c., of light-houses, & c . , i n the district, and such repairs
made as a wise economy, having due regard to the efficiency of the
service, demanded.
The light-vessel stationed at the northwest passage, near Key West;
was removed from her station, repaired, and restored to her position in
an unusually short space of time, and at a mere nominal expense, comared with what from previous representations it was supposed would
e required.
The isolated positions of the different light houses along the Florida
E
r
fef
keys, and the dangers b y w h i c h they are surrounded, render
the duties of the inspector more than usually arduous and hazardous;
II. Doc. 3.
187
while the sparse population of the country, and the few facilities for
communicating with the interior, and the consequent difficulties attendant upon the procurement of materials, labor, and supplies of all
kinds, render this service very expensive, compared with that of the
more northern districts.
In the eighth district, embracing the coast of part of Florida, Alabama,
Mississippi, and part of Louisiana—Captain D. Leadbetter, United States
corps of engineers, inspector—in addition to the usual routine duty of
raising, cleaning, painting, numbering, and replacing buoys, inspecting,
repairing light-house towers, buildings, light-vessels, and illuminating
apparatus, the work has been more than ordinarily heavy and various
in character, in consequence of the great damage done to the lighthouse towers, dwellings, sea-walls, &c., by the hurricanes of 1852.
The labor, time, and expense necessarily required in the execution of
these repairs, has been greatly increased by the bad quality of the
work as it was previously done.
There are special appropriations for the re-erection of the light houses
at St. Bias, Florida, and Chandeleur island, Louisiana, to replace those
destroyed by hurricane; for the erection of a light house at East Pascagoula; for a light-house at the Pass a l'Outre, Mississippi river, the
necessary steps for the construction of which have been delayed by the
prevalence of the fatal epidemic in this quarter before referred to, and
in some of the cases for want of titles and jurisdiction and of proper
information in regard to sites.
The four beacons authorized for Sand island, Mobile point, and on
Revenue point, have not been erected in consequence of material changes,
as has been reported, having taken place in the channels for which they
were designed as guides, since the survey made by the officer charged
with that duty, under the direction of the Superintendent of the Coast
Survey i This difficulty, however, will be obviated, it is hoped, during
the present season. The beacon authorized at the last session of Congress to be placed on a shoal in Mobile Bay channel, was completed early
in the past season. The light house authorized to be placed on Ship
island has been completed, the illuminating apparatus set up, and the
inspector has been instructed to give the proper notice to mariners, and
have it lighted without unnecessary delay.
The floating bell buoy authorized for the entrance of Mobile bay is in
course of construction under contract; and all the other buoys authorized
for this bay, the different passes in the vicinity, and for the mouths of the
Mississippi, are now in course of construction at the navy yard, Washington, D. C. This office has also authorized the placing of twelve spar buoys
to mark the southwest pass of the Mississippi, upon the recommendation
of Major Beauregard, United States corps of engineers, charged by the
War Department with works of improvement, of harbors, &c., at that
point.
The light-house authorized to be placed at East Pascagoula, Mississippi,
will receive the earliest attention of the board, after the report and survey
asked of the coast survey, for the purpose of determining the proper site,
shall have been received.
Major W* H. Chase, United States corps of engineers, under instructions from the War Department, made important examinations, and submitted a detailed report and estimate to this office, on the repairs and im*
188
H. Doc. 2.,
provements of light-house buildings in this district, previous to Captain
Leadbetter's assignment to duty on that station.
The board regrets to state that the latest intelligence received of Captain D. Leadbetter reports his illness at New Orleans from an attack of
yeliow fever, from which cause his report of the operations in his district
is unavoidably delayed.
In the ninth district, extending from Barataria bay, Louisiana, to the
Rio Grande, Texas—Lieutenant Montgomery Hunt, United Stales navy,
inspector—the lights at Bolivar point, Matagorda island, Point Isabel,and
Padre Island beacon, have all been completed and lighted.
The three lights authorized to be placed in Galveston bay, on Halfmoon shoal, Red fish bar, and Clopper's bar, are under construction by
contract, and will, it is hoped, be ready for lighting by the time the illuminating apparatus is received from France, which has already been
shipped.
Special attention has been given by the inspector to the buoyage of
Galveston bar and bay, and of Matagorda Island bar; this duty having
been previously greatly neglected for want of the necessary information
on the part of those charged with the care of these buoys.
The light authorized for Aransas pass, Texas, has not yet been commenced, in consequence of the difficulty of obtaining a proper foundation
at the most desirable point. The Superintendent of the Coast Survey,
to whom the subject was referred, has caused two hydrographic surveys
to be made of the locality at different periods, each one accompanied by
a report from him, showing, among other things, the changes of the
channel and bar that had taken place during the interval which elapsed
between the times of making the two surveys. It only remains to obtain the services of a competent engineer officer, to be furnished with
copies of these charts and reports, under instructions from this office, to
visit the locality and determine the practicability of erecting a proper
structure for light-house purposes; and, by request of this office, the
Engineer department has detailed an officer for that service.
An appropriation was made at the last session of Congress for the erection of a first-class light-house at the mouth of the Sabine river, Texas.
The necessary survey and report, by the Superintendent of the Coast
Survey, have been received; and it is designed to instruct Captain Leadbetter, United States corps of engineers, to visit the locality for the purpose of marking the precise spot, and determining as to the proper kind
of structure, and to submit a plan and estimates for its construction.
It is hoped that both these works will be commenced during the present
season.
An appropriation was made in 1852 to enable the Superintendent of
the Coast Survey to have the necessary examinations and surveys made
for the purpose of determining the proper site for a light-house on Ship
shoal, a dangerous obstruction to navigation lying in the .track of vessels
passing between the different ports along the Gulf.
An appropriation ol $20,000 was made at the last session of Congress
towards the erection of the proposed light on " S h i p shoal," and to serve
as a substitute for the light-vessel now placed to mark that point. The
necessary plans, &c., will be prepared when the report of the authorized
surveys shall have been received.
The few facilities to be found on this coast for visiting the differed
H. Doc* 3*
189
points on which aids to navigation are placed, renders the service of inspection, repairs, &c., arduous and expensive. The same difficulties
which were encountered on the Florida, and other portions of the Gulf
coast, in procuring materials and labor for repairs and supplies to meet
cases of emergency growing out of the casualties of the service, have
been met with in this district. Buoys, of the best description that could
be procured, have been placed by the inspector at important points in the
district, to be replaced by those now in course of construction at the
navy yard at Washington, D. C.
The light-vessel, originally designed to mark the channel over Galveston
bar, has been thoroughly repaired under the personal superintendence of
the inspector; and since the abatement of the epidemic at Galveston,
during the prevalence of which the corporate authorities of Galveston were,
upon their application, authorized to use her for hospital and quarantine
purposes, has been lestored to her station inside of the bar. The usual
routine of inspection, repairs, &c., of light houses, &c., has been performed by the inspector of this district up to the time of his attack of
yellow fever; and since his recovery he has been permitted to absent
himself temporarily from his station.
The tenth district, embracing Lakes Erie and Ontario, and the rivers
Niagara and St. Lawrence, is under the charge of Captain J. C. Woodruff, United States corps of topographical engineers, as inspector.
The ordinary duties of inspection, repairs of light-house towers, buildings, sea-walls, illuminating apparatus, placing, raising, cleaning, painting, numbering', and replacing buoys, &c., have been performed. The
additional duties of receiving and distributing the annual supplies for all
the light houses on the lakes also devolved upon this officer, with the
assistance of the superintendent of supplies appointed by the Treasury
Department; and it is proper to add, that this latter service was performed
at a much less expense than has been incurred in previous years.
Numerous important works are authorized in this district; among
which, the light-house now in course of construction, under a contract
with the Treasury Department, on " Horse -shoe reef," Niagara river,
may be classed, not only the first in date of appropriation, but also of
importance. This work was placed under the superintendence of the
inspector upon his assignment to duty in that district; but from the terms
of the contract, but little control can be exerted over the contractor. The
plan is novel in its character, and the tim^of the completion of the structure, it is understood, has been indefinitely extended by the department.
The beacon-light authorized for Black Hock has been completed and
lighted.
The appropriation for the beacon of solid masonry to be placed on a
reef lying in the track of vessels in the west end of Lake Erie, near the
south shore, off Bois Blanc, has been for some time under construction,
and it is expected will be completed before the winter sets in.
Plans and estimates have been submitted by Captain Woodruff, and
approved by the board, for erecting a light on Carlton head, and for rebuilding Tibbett's Point light-house, and the necessary instructions
given to enable the inspector to execute the,work at the earliest practical
moment. The preliminary steps for securing a proper title to the site of
the Carlton Head light have been taken, cession of jurisdiction having
been obtained at the last session of the legislature of New York.
190
H. Doc. 2.,
No steps have been taken towards the erection of a fog-bell or whistle,
to be worked by machinery, to be placed on the south pier near the
light-house atBuffalo, in consequence of the unsatisfactory performance
of those recently erected at points on the coast of Maine, in conformity
to special acts of Congress. So soon as the machinery for these bells can
be sufficiently perfected to meet the wants of the service, directions will
be given for placing the one authorized at this point without delay.
The aids authorized for the mouth of Maumee river have received the
attention of the inspector; and some progress has been made towards
the preparation of plans adapted to the wants of navigation at this poinL
So soon as they are perfected the work will be commenced.
On the 3d of March, 1S51, an appropriation was made for the erection
of a light-house on Green island, Lake Er.e; but, in consequctice of
difficulties in obtaining a valid title to the site, no steps could be taken
for commencing the work until late in the past season. Plans and
estimates have been submitted and approved, and instructions given for
contracting for the execution of the work*
The repairs authorized at Oswego were commenced, under instructions
from this board, by Lieutenant W B. Franklin, corps of topographical
engineers, and, upon his being detailed for other service, the completion
of the work was assigned, with the consent of the Bureau of Topographical Engineers, to Lieutenant Colonel William Turnbull, of the
same corps; and the last report from this officer states that difficulties
not anticipated had prevented the completion of the work this season.
This work will be resumed at the earliest practicable moment in the
ensuing season.
The works authorized at the mouth of Genesee river have been commenced under the direction of Captain Woodruff, and, it is presumed,
are by this time completed.
The eleventh district, embracing Lakes St. Clair, H u r o n , Michigan,
and Superior, and Green bay, and their tributaries, is in charge of Captain L. Sitgreaves, United States corps of topographical engineers. In this
district the lights at Marquette, Ottowa point, and at Twin Rivers, have
been lighted since the date of the last report.
Buoys authorized for Saginaw bay and in Neenah or Fox river have
been procured and placed in their proper positions.
In addition to the ordinary routine duty of inspection, repairs of lighthouse towers, buildings, illuminating apparatus, <fcc., raising, cleaning,
painting, numbering, and replacing buoys, &c., the attention of the inspector has been given to the visiting of points upon which light-houses
are authorized to be placed, for the purpose of furnishing the requisite
information for obtaining the necessary reservations of the pub ic land
in cases in which they are to be located on the public domain, and for
procuring from individuals the proper quantity of laud, and obtaining
valid titles thereto, in those cases in which the titles reside in private
individuals or companies.
Owing to the short period of time during which operations of this
character could be carried on in this district, and the great difficulty of
reaching the isolated points up on which these lights are to be placed,
as lapid progress has not been made as could have been desired; but,
with one or two exceptions, sufficient information has been furnished, it
is believed, to enable this office to obtain the required reservations.
H. Doc. 8.
191
Plans for several of these structures have been submitted by the inspector, and during the winter proposals for contracts will be issued
for the construction of all the lights authorized for this district in the
ensuing spring.
The Eagle River light house, for which an appropriation was made
September 28, 1850, was not constructed up to the date of the last re]>ort from this office, for want of proper jurisdiction over the site; this,
however, was obtained at the last session of the legislature of Michigan, and the inspector was directed to proceed with the construction of
the tower without unnecessary delay. The report of this officer not
having been received, the exact state of the work cannot be stated at
this time.
Efforts have been made to procure from the owners of the land in the
vicinity of Milwaukie the quantity necessary for the site of the lighthouse which Congress authorized to be removed from its present location
in that city. So far they have not been successful.
The appropriation for repairing the light-house pier, &c., at Huron
and Vermillion, have been placed in the hands of Capt. H. Stansbury,
United States corps of topographical engineers, with the consent of the
chief of that bureau, reserving only a sufficient sum from each appropriation to provide the necessary illuminating apparatus and to pay for the
necessary repairs upon the towers.
The board understands that the works contemplated by the acts making the appropriations are in progress towards completion.
Examinations have been made and reports submitted by Captain A.
Canfield, United States corps of topographical engineers, with reference
to the removal and repair of the light-houses at "the mouth of Clinton
river; but no work has been done, in consequence of the condition of the
pier on which it is situated. This officer reports that it will not be necessary for the interests of navigation that the light-house be removed
from its present location.
The work on the light-house and pier at Chicago, Illinois, are under
the superintendence of Lieut. Webster, of the corps of topographical engineers, and under the direction of that bureau. This officer, in his
report to that bureau, September 1, 1S53, states that the pier head put
down for the foundation of the light-house is sufficient for the purpose
for which it was designed, and that " t h e light should be one of the
first class for the lakes," which is equivalent to the third order lens at
u
Wagooshance," and that it is very much needed, as the present one
is very imperfect and altogether insufficient.
The twelfth district, embracing the whole of the Pacific coast of the
United States, is in charge of Capt. H. W, Halleck, United States corps
of engineers, as inspector. On this coast there are eight light houses
contracted to be built under authority of the late Secretary of the Treasury, the supervision of which was transferred to this office December 22,
1S52, and the inspector was assigned to their superintendence early in
the year. The latest reports on the subject announce the completion of
the light-house towers on Alcatraz island, and at Fort Point, Bay of
San Francisco, Point Pinas, (Monterey,) and on the Farrallones bland.
The contractors having despatched their vessel to Oregon for the purpose of commencing the light upon Cape Disappointment, she was
wrecked and totally lost at the mouth of the Columbia river.
192
H. Doc. 2.,
Of the number of light-houses contracted to be built on this coast,
four remain to be commenced, viz: Cape Disappointment, Point Conception, San Diego, and Humboldt harbor.
The illuminating apparatus for these eight light-houses was contracted
for in Paris, by Lieut. W, A. Bartlett, United States navy, who was
sent to France for that purpose bv the late Secretary of the Treasury,
.under special instructions from that office. The illuminating apparatus
for the two lights in San Francisco bay has been for some time in San
Francisco, and according to the terms of the contract entered into by the
manufacturers with Lieut. Baitlett, the remaining six should be shipped
at an early day, if they have not already been sent to their destination.
Although this officer is not under the orders of this bonrd, he has been
frequently called upon, during the past year, to procure information for
the light-house establishment, which he has promptly furnished. He
has also given his attention to illuminating apparatus ordered from the
manufacturers in "Paris for lights on the Atlantic, Gulf and Lake coasts.
By the last account from San Francisco, it appears that the officer
.charged with setting up the illuminating apparatus has not been able
to procure competent persons to perform that service at the Alsatraz light;
and the engineer officers charged by the War Department with the works
of fortification at Battery point have been compelled to remove the lighthouse tower from that point, to enable them to carry on their work.
As it is presumed that legislation will be required in relation to this
latter light, a more detailed account will be given in the report of this
board, to enable the department and Congress to act understanding^
on the subject.
An appropriation was made at the last session of Congress for the
erection of a light-house on Point Bonita, entrance to Bay of San Francisco. The subject, in conformity to law, was referred to the Superintendent of the Coast Survey for an examination, survey, and report upon
the site. The site has been selected, and the collector and superintendent of lights at San Francisco has been requested to obtain the necessary information in reference to the validity of the reservation of that
point by the United States for light-house or other purposes. So soon
as a valid title is obtained, and receives the approval of the Attorney
General, it is proposed to lose no time in commencing the erection of this
light-house.
The remaining points on this coast for which appropriations have
been made for the erection of light-houses have been referred through
the department to the Superintendent of the Coast Survey, for the selec*
tion of the sites, &c., which it is presumed will be furnished at an early
day.
The buoys authorized at the last session of Congress for San Francisco bay and its tributaries,' for Humboldt bay, Umpqua, and the Columbia river, are now in course of construction at the navy yard at
Washington, D. C., and will be shipped to their destinations as soott as
they are completed.
Efforts were made to have some of these buoys constructed in tn®
vicinity of the localities for which they were designated, but without
success.
In addition to the foregoing works enumerated in the several districts,
the two firstclass light-vessels, with their ilhiminating apparatus, moot
II. Doc. 3.
193
Engs, &c., have been completed and sent, respectively, to New Bedford,
Massachusetts, and Smithville, North Carolina; the one to be placed off
the South shoals of Nantucket, and the other on Prying Pan shoals,
(Cape Pear, North Carolina,) as soon as they receive their officers, crews,
and outfits.
Five other light-vessels—three of the first, and two of the second
class—are now m course of construction, and will be ready in a short
time, it is believed, to be sent to their respective stations at Sandy
Hook, New York ; Minot's ledge, Massachusetts ; Rattlesnake shoal, off
Charleston, South Carolina; and Succonnesset shoal and Killpond bar,
Vineyard sound, Massachusetts.
The four iron bell-buoys authorized, respectively, for Flynn's knoll,
(harbor of New York;) for Cape Romain shoals, South Carolina; Middle Ground shoal, (Charleston, South Carolina,) and for the entrance to
Mobile bay, are in course of construction, and will be sent to their stations before the close of the present season.
In addition to the new illuminating apparatus recently constructed,
and placed in the seacoast lights at Capes Henlopen and May, orders
ha,ve been given for the construction of new illuminating apparatus for
the important seacoast light at Fire island; at Execution Rocks; Princess bay and Cumberland Head, New York; and at Juniper island, Vermont.
The necessary orders have also been given for constructing the proper
illuminating apparatus for all the light-houses authorized by Congress
to be built, which it is believed will be ready by the time the work of
construction of the towers and buildings is completed.
The annual supplies for the southern coast for the current year are
about being despatched from New Bedford, in the two supply-vessels
"Guthrie" and "Eliza." Immediately on the return of the&e vessels
from the coast of Florida and the Gulf, the annual supplies for the remaining portions of the coast will be despatched by them.
An appropriation was made 31st August, 1852, for testing the apparatus of Wilson and Meachum for illuminating light-houses, "to be expended under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury."
By direction of the late Secretary, this appropriation was placed in
the hands of Mr. Wilson, upon his giving the security required by the
department, for the faithful execution and delivery of the apparatus for
the use of the government.
No report has been received on the subject. Preliminary arrangements
have been made for executing the law authorizing the plan of Charles
Babbage, esq., for distinguishing lights, to be practically tested.
Under the authority of the act appropriating §250 for testing the adaptation of Jabez Stone's patent buoy, as a guide to rivers and other narrow
channels, two buoys were procured and placed in the Potomac river, at
points which could be readily inspected at short intervals ; but alter
remaining for some time down, and the distinguishing marks being
destroyed, they were taken up, and are now in the possession of Captain
Henry Brewerton, of the corps of engineers, for further test, in the prosecution of his duties in the Patapsco.
Failing to obtain satisfactory bids for constructing the iron buoys
authorized and required for the southern coast and on the Pacific, upon
application through the department, permission was granted by the
Secretary of the Navy to have such number made at the Washington
13
IL
194
Doc.
&
navy yard as were required, to be paid for out of the respective spprt>
priations.
Permission was also given by the Navy Department to have the
requisite quantity of chain-cable, and number of anchors for the seven
light-vessels before referred to, constructed at the Washington navy
yard, upon the same terms.
T h e department is also indebted to the courtesy of the Navy Department, in permitting this board to have work done at the New York and
Boston navy yards, which it was found difficult to have done elsewhere
in a proper manner and upon reasonable terms; to which should be added
the obligations of this board to the same department for the circular
requiring, commanders0/ navy yards and vessels to afford every facility
to the light-house inspectors in the performance of their duties, which is
not inconsistent with the interests of the particular branch of the public
service committed to their charge.
The board takes pleasure fn making its acknowledgments to the
War Department, and to the two engineer bureaus under its control, for
the valuable and prompt assistance affoided by the detail of officers of
engineers to execute the works of repair, renovation, and construction
connected with the light-house establishment, a5 contemplated by the
acts of Congress.
The Superintendent of the Coast Survey, under instructions from the
department, in conformity to law, has furnished surveys and reports upon
various points upon which aids to navigation have been authorized to
be placed; besides, much valuable information has b*en furnished by
that officer relating to the geographical positions of light house*, beacons,
&c., and copies of sketches in advance of publication, ifcc., &c.
The board has received numerous petitions, to be transmitted through,
the department to Congress, for the establish^- nf additional aids to
navigation, which will be tabulated and submitted,
the detailed
report of the operations of the light-house establishment during the
present year, for the further information of the department and of Conr
gress.
This board takes pleasure in bearing testimony to the ability and zeal
of the inspectors, of local superintendents, and of the officers of the two
corps of engineers of the army, who have been the agents to execute the
instructions, and to perform the various duties of the light-house estab0
lishment.
By order of the Light-house Board.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
,
4
1 iiORNTON A. Jenkins,
Edmd. L . F
W, B. S H U B R I C K ,
Hardcastle,
Secretaries.
Hon. James Guthrie,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
Chairman,
II. Doc. 3.
Supplemental
195
Report of the Light-house
Board.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Office of Light-home
Board, November 29, 1853.
SIR: I have the honor to submit, by direction of this board, a report supplemental to the one transmitted from this office on the I9'th instant, for
the information of the department and for the consideration of Congress.
The reports of the inspectors on the southern coast, which had been
delayed in consequence of the prevailing epidemic in that quarter, having
been received, this office is now enabled to submit a detailed account of
the services performed in the several districts, and which will be readily
seen by reference to table A, hereto appended.
List B, hereto appended, exhibits some of the proposed improvements
and increase of aids to navigation recommended in the general programme of the temporary Light-house Board in its report submitted in
1852, and renewed in the annual report from this office, laid before
Congress at its last session.
Recurring to the two previous reports above referred to, in which it is
recommended that though no effort should be spared to render all the
lights and other aids to navigation authorized by Congress efficient, as
rapidly as the means provided will permit, yet the improvement of seacoast lights and exterior aids to navigation is of paramount importance.
The board takes this occasion respectfully to renew this recommendation,
and ask its favorable consideration by the department and by Congress.
The additional appropriation asked (list B) for completing the lighthouse authorized to be built on Boon island, Maine, has been found to
be necessary in consequence of it having been ascertained and reported
by the engineer officer charged with the construction of that work, that
the materials of the present tower and building are unfit for use in the
construction of the new buildings. The former appropriation was based
upon the assumption that, by using the materials of the present structure,
the cost of the new ones would be greatly diminished.
Independently of the fact that the materials of the present buildings
are not of a proper kind to be incorporated into the new buildings, it
would be necessary, in order to make use of them, to extinguish the
present light, which would greatly endanger life and property on that
coast.
The recommendation contained in the report of Major C. A. Ogden,
corps of engineers-, (see Appendix No. 7,) that the appropriation for iron
spindles to be placed on the Graves and Harding's ledges, Boston harbor,
be applied to the procuring and placing of a bell-buoy and triangle buoy
to mark these dangers, meets the approval of this board; and the authority to apply the appropriations as recommended, is respectfully solicited.
The board would respectfully recommend to the favorable consideration of Congress the estimate submitted in list B for a light-house on the
shoal off Smith's Point, Chesapeake bay, mouth of the Potomac river,
as a substitute for the light-vessel now placed to mark the end of the
shoal, and the light-house on the main land placed to mark the locality.
Should this appropriation not be made, a very large outlay will be
196
H. Doc. 2.,
necessary for preserving the foundation of the light-house, and for
rebuilding a new tower at an early day; and a sura of at least 815,000
for a new light-vessel to replace the present one, which is very much
^ T h e annual expense of maintaining the proposed light-house, when
constructed, would be much less than for the two aids now existing in
that vicinity,, while the former will prove a much more efficient and reliable guide to navigators.
The board would also respectfully invite the attention of Congress to
the present condition of the light-house and site at the mouth of the St.
John's river, Florida.
The title to the site of this light-house being in dispute, together with
the present dilapidated state of the tower, render necessary, in the opinion
of the board, some action to prevent the possible extinction of the light
at that point, which would prove a serious evil to the commerce of Jacksonville and of the surrounding country.
The sum estimated lor in list B, in addition to the balance remaining
in the treasury of the appropriation made August 31,1S52, for preserving the site of that light-house, would, if granted, be sufficient to purchase
a more eligible site lor a light-house and range-light, to guide in crossing
the bar, than the present one. (See Appendix Ncs. 39, 40 and 41.)
The board would respectfully invite the attention of Congress to the
reports of Major Bache, corps of topographical engineers, and of the
Board of Trade of Philadelphia, on the slibject of providing the necessary
additional aids to navigation in Delaware bay and river, and would state,
that although it would appear there can be but little doubt as ti the necessity for the aids suggested in these reports, yet, on account of the large
appropriations which would be required to provide them, the board is
not prepared to recommend all of them at this time, but would respectfully defer to Congress the decision as to which of these objects are of
the most urgent necessity.
It is believed that the proposed substitution of a light-house on Cross*
ledge, in Delaware bay, for the light-vessel now stationed near that locality, would not only greatly improve the navigation of that portion of
the bay, but, when completed, it would be maintained at a much less
annual expense than the light-vessel.
It is proper to add, in this connexion, that the best illuminating apparatus that could be procured in this country has been placed, (luring the
last summer, in the light houses at Capes May and Henlopen. These
are a great improvement over the old lights, and will answer a very good
purpose until Congress may deem fit to make appropriations for the more
- approved apparatus with which it is designed ultimately to furnish these
two important points.
On the 30th April, 1S52, a contract was entered into by the Treasury
Department, with certain parties, for constructing eight light houses on
the coast of California and Oregon, previously authorized by Congress*
in which it was stipulated that §31,000 should be paid for the construction of a light house at Cape Disappointment; and in a subsequent agreement, on the same day, between the same parties, that the additional
sum of §7,500 should be paid to the contractors for certain modifications
m the originally designed structures for that locality; making §38,500,
II. Doc. 3.
197
exclusive of certain incidental expenses for freight, &c., on a part of the
wood-work, &c.
T h e appropriation from which this sum must be paid, when the lighthouse at Cape Disappointment is completed, is in the following words:
" For a light-house on Cape Disappointment, at the mouth of the Columbia river j one on an island off Cape Flattery, at the entrance of the
Straits of Fuca; and one at New Dungenness; twelve iron can-buoys
in Columbia river, and the transportation, erection, and placing the same,
fifty-three thousand one hundred and forty dollars;" and " F o r fogsignals for the light-houses at Cape Disappointment, Cape Flattery, and
New Dungenness, three thousand dollars." Total, §56,140.
The buov s authorized in the foregoing act having been procured and
placed by the Coast Survey, at a cost of $4,620, it will be seen that there
remains but $13,020 for the construction of the lights at Cape Flattery
and New Dungenness; a sum wholly inadequate to carry out the intention of Congress.
A sufficient additional appropriation for this purpose is therefore respectfully asked, which is believed, at the present prices of labor and
materials on that coast, should not be less than $39,0u0.
The light-house authorized and built on Battery Point, Bay of San
Francisco, having been taken down to make room for the works of fortification authorized by law at that point, an appropriation, it is believed,
should be made for erecting a light of greater power than the one originally authorized for Battery Point, or Point Lobos, the outer entrance of
%
the bay, and an estimate is accordingly submitted in list B.
Verbal representations having been made at this office, by persons
familiar with the coast of California, that small lights are necessary to
guide to the anchorages off the towns of Santa Cruz and Santa Barbara,
estimates have been submitted for those purposes. (List C.)
A petition addressed to the honorable Secretary of the Treasury, numerously signed by owners, masters, and seamen of vessels, and other
citizens interested in the commerce and navigation of the lakes, for the
discontinuance of the light-house at the mouth of Calumet river, which
they represent as being a serious inconvenience, and greatly endangering
life and property, from the fact that there is no harbor at that place, &c.,
having been referred to this office, it is respectfully submitted for the
consideration of Congress. (See petition, Appendix No. 52.)
List C, hereto appended, exhibits the aids which have been represented to be necessary in order to render the navigation of the respective
localities safe and easy.
In this list reference is made to the communications contained in the
appendix to this report, suggesting the necessity for the different appropriations asked.
This information is derived from the reports of light-house inspectors
of districts; of engineer officers, who are familiar with the wants of the
light-house service in the respective localities to which they refer; local
superintendents of lights, whose attention has been called to the subject; and from individuals interested in commerce and navigation; whose
representations it is believed are reliable, and entitled to the favorable
consideration of Congress.
In all cases where additional aids to navigation have been recommended,
(and which are embraced in list C,) unaccompanied by specific esti
198
H . Doc- 3 .
mates of cost, a sum has been attached to each, which it is believed will
be sufficient, if authorized, to complete the workBv this means Congress will be enabled to determine without difficulty such objects as, in its wisdom, are of sufficient importance to warrant appropriations being made.
Very respectfully, your o b e d i e D t ^ e r ^ a n g , H U B R I C K )
Chairman
Light-house
Board.
THORNTON A . JENKINS,
E D M D . L . F HARDCASTLE,
Secretaries.
H o n . JAMES GUTIIRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
List
B.
MAINE.
For rebuilding light-house and keeper's dwelling on Petit
Menan i&Iand
(See Appendix No. 1.)
For rebuilding light house on Baker's island
(See Appendix No. 1.)
For rebuilding light-house on Franklin island
(See Appendix No. 1.)
For procuring illuminating apparatus, and completing lighthouse tower and buildings authorized to be built on Boon
island
(See Appendix No. 1, and body of report.)
§3o,00U
„ ^
°> uuu
&,uuu
14,97*
MASSACHUSETTS.
For continuation of work on foundation and light-house buildings on the rocks called "Sow and Pigs"
(See Appendix No. 7.)
For rebuilding light house at Gay Head, and fitting it with
first order illuminating apparatus (See Appendix No. 7.)
That the sums appropriated March 3, 1851, and August
31, 1652, "for iion spindles on the Graves and Harding's
ledges, Boston harbor," be applied to the procuring and
placing a bell and triangle beacons on these points.
^
30,000
^
30,000
NEW YORK.
For erecting a first class seacoast light house tower, and
fitting it with the most approved illuminating apparatus,
fcear Great West bay, Long Island
(See reports of Light-house Board, 1S52 and 1853.)
^^
35,000
II. Doc. 3.
199
XEW J E R S E Y .
For a first class light-house, to be fitted with the most approved illuminating apparatus, to be placed in the vicinity
of Absecum inlet, to guide navigators clear of Absecum
and Brigantine shoals
(See reports of Light-house Board of 1852 and 1853, and
(Appendix No. 21.)
For erecting a permanent beacon to range with Charleston
light, for crossing the bar, as a substitute for the present
movable lantern (See Appendix No. 34.)
For rebuilding the two beacons on Sullivan's island, and
for building a keeper's house
(See Appendix No. 34.) (There never ha? been a keeper's
house for these two beacons—the rent of $200 per annum
being paid for the use of one.)
§35,000
1,000
6,000
FLORIDA.
For the erection of a light-house and of a beacon-light, to
serve as a range for the channel across the bar, in place of
the present light-house at the mouth of the St. John's
river, in addition to the balance of the appropriation approved August 31,1852, for the preservation of the site (See reference to this subject in the body of the report,
and also Appendix Nos. 38 and 39.)
For rebuilding on a proper site, and elevating and refitting
with the'most approved illuminating apparatus, the lighthouse at Pensacola
.
(See Appendix No. 47.)
15,000
25,000 •
LOUISIANA.
For a new light house at Port Pontchartrain, in the place of
the present structure, which will not admit of being repaired.
(See Appendix No. 44.)
For a new light house at Bayou St. John, in the place of
,the present structure, which will not admit of being repaired
•
(See Appendix No. 44.)
For a new light-house at New Canal, in the place of the
present structure, which will not admit of being repaired
(See Appendix No. 44.)
For a new beacon-light at Proctorsville, in the place of the
one destroyed by fire November 24, 1853
(See Appendix Nos. 44 and 45.)
CALIFORNIA.
For a light-house on or near Point Lobos, to mark the entrance to San Francisco bay, in place of the light-house
6,000
6,000
6,000
3,000
200
H. Doc. 2.,
authorized and built on Battery Point, which was removed to enable the works of fortification at that point to
be prosecuted
(See report, and Appendix No. 64.)
List
C.
MAINE.
For fog-signal and dwelling for keeper, near Monhegan light*
.
.
.
.
house
For harbor light on or near breakwater at Portland
For completion of beacon on Buck ledge, Penobscot river,
in addition to $500 already appropriated *
For restoring the two other stone beacons on Penobscot
river
For fog signals at Mount Desert Rock and Martinicus lighthouses
For buoys for the waters on the coast of Maine, viz: St.
Croix river, near breakwater, Portland, Maine, and for
beacons and buoys at other important points in the St.
Croix, Kennebec, and Penobscot rivers, etc.
For light house on pier-head at Kennebunk harbor
(For information relating to the foregoing objects, see
Appendix Nos. 1 to 6, inclusive.)
3,500
3,5UUU
2,000
1,000
5,000
2,000
500
MASSACHUSETTS.
For removal of the light-house at Truro, (highlands,) Cape
Cod
.
.
.
.
(See Appendix No. 10.)
For rebuilding light house at Brant's Point, Nantucket
(See Appendix No. 7.)
For preservation of site of Billingsgate island light-house,
(Wellfleet)
.
.
.
.
(See Appendix No. 7.)
For large fog-bells for light-vessels in the Vineyard sound,
in exchange for the small ones now in use on board of
those vessels
(See Appendix No. 10.)
For four iron 12-pounder guns and equipments for fog-signals on board of light-vessels in Vineyard sound (See Appendix No. —.)
For iron buoys and buoy-boats for approaches to Boston
bay, and on Nantucket shoals
*
(See Appendix No. —.)
25.000
15,000
2,000
1,600
2,000
6,000
VERMONT.
For two small lights to be placed on the pier at Burlington,
(See Appendix Nos. 11 to 20 inclusive.)
1>0Q®
II. Doc. 3.
201
LAKE CHAMPLAIN.
For lighthouse at or near Windmill Point (See Appendix Nos. 11 to 20.)
For small light at north end of Isle au Motte
(See Appendix Nos. 11 to 20.)
For light-house at or near Crown Point
For a fog signal at Juniper island light-house
(See Appendix Nos. I I to 20.)
For nine small lights near Whitehall, in place of those at
present kept up by steamboat companies (See Appendix Nos. 11 to 20.)
F®r buoys for the following points in Lake Champlain, viz:
On " Point au Fer reef," " Perry's reef," near " Walcour island," on "Ferris's reef," and on "Schuyler's
Island reef"
.
.
.
.
.
.
(See Appendix Nos. 11 to 20.)
$8,000
500
8,000
600
4,500
700
KHODE ISLAND.
For a beacon-light at Bristol ferry (See Appendix No. 15, <fcc., and petition to Congress.)
500
CONNECTICUT.
For a beacon at Sugar reef, east entrance of Long Island
sound
.
.
.
.
(See petition to Congress and Appendix Nos. 17 and 18.)
For a beacon on Long Point
- •
(See Appendix Nos. 17 and 18.)
For a beacon on Sea Flower reef
(See Appendix No. 19.)
For a tog-signal at or near Lynde Point light house
(SeeAppendixNo.il.)
For buoys at the eastern extremity of Watch Hill reef, and
o n " Wamphasoc" entrance to Stoningtonharbor
(See petition to Congress and Appendix No. 17.)
For a light-house at or nearNiantic, Long, Island sound
(See Appendix No. 16.)
1,500
1,000
1,000
500
200
4,000
NEW-YORK.
For a fog-signal, with machinery, at Little Gull island lighthouse
.
.
.
.
.
(See Appendix No. 11.)
For a fog-signal at Stony Point light-house
(See Appendix No. 11.)
For a beacon-light to mark entrance to Loyd's harbor, Huntingdon bay, Long Island .
.
.
.
(See Appendix Nos. 11 and 12.)
For a light-house at Race Point, Fisher's island, Long
Island sound
.
.
.
.
.
.
(See Appendix No. 17.)
For a light-house on Horton's Point, Long Island sound (See Appendix No. 17.)
2,500
500
4,000
8,000
4,000
202
H. Doc. 2.,
For buoys in Longlsland sound at the following points, viz:
Hay Beach flats, Great Hog Neck, South Hole, Little Hog
Neck,-Mid way bar, entrance of channel ai River Head,
Shelter Island ferry, at NeckolPs Rocks, between Rumhead and Mkhomac Point, at a shoal east of Gardiner's
Point
(See Appendix No. 19.)
For a bell-buoy on or near Shagwong reef - •
(See Appendix No. 19.)
&300
4,000
DELAWARE BAY.
For a light-house at Cross Ledge, in place of the light-vessel
at present at that point
.
.
.
.
30,000
- (See Appendix Nos. 22 to 25.)
For a beacon-light on the pier at Port Penn, Delaware bay,
500
(See Appendix Nos. 24 to 25.)
For a beacon-light on Reedy Point
5,000
(See Appendix Nos. 22 to 25.)
For a large buoy or buoy-boat to be placed on the southwest
point of the Over-falls.
.
.
.
1,000
(See Appendix No. 25.)
For refitting Cape Henlopen light-house with first order illuminating apparatus
15,000
(See Appendix Nos. 22 and 25.)
For a light-house on or near Ship John shoals
30,000
(See Appendix Nos. 22 and 25.)
For a fog-signal to be placed at the Delaware breakwater
light-house
- "
.
.
.
500
(See Appendix Nos. 22 and 25.)
500
For a fog-signal to be placed at the Reedy island light-house,
(See Appendix Nos. 22 and 25.)
For banking in Reedy island and preserving the sue of the
light-house
1,S15
(See Appendix No. 22.)
For a large iron bell-buoy to be placed on or near Fenwick
island shoal
5,000
(See Appendix No. 25.)
For a first class iron buoy to be placed on McCrie's shoal,
mouth of Delaware bay
.
S00
(See Appendix No. 25.)
For a first class iron buoy to be placed on the northeast part
of Five Fathom bank
. 8 0 0
(See Appendix No. 25.)
VIRGINIA.
For a light-house on Smith's Point shoal, mouth of Potomac
river, in place of the light-house on Smith's Point, and the
light-vessel at present placed to mark the extremity of the
shoal
.
.
.
.
..
/
.
(See Appendix No. 26, and body of report.)
For a light-house half way between Cape Henry and Bodie's
island light houses, on or near false Cape Henry (See petition to Congress and Appendix No. 26.)
,
25,000
^ ^
25,000
H. Doc. 8.
For a light on or near York spit, Chesapeake bay (See petition and Appendix No. 26.)
For buoys at Green Point, Sandy Point, <fcc., in York river,
(See Appendix No. 30.)
For a light-house on the shoals or Sandy Point, to mark the
entrance to Cherrystone harbor (See Appendix Nos. 28 and 26.)
For buoys to be placed in the Chesapeake bay, on the following points, viz: Fisherman's, Picket's Hole, Cherrystone,
Pocomoke flats, Hunting creek, Deep creek, Chesconnessex, Onancock, Pungoteague, Naswadox, The Gulf, New
Point Comfort, Peankatank river, Great Wicomico river,
Rappahannock river, Drum Point spit, near Stingray Point,
near Smith's Point light-vessel
(See Appendix Nos. 26, 28, 29, and 30.)
For buoys and stakes in the Potomac river, between Alexandria and Georgetown
(See Appendix No. 27.)
NORTH
500
10,000
1,30
200
10,000
1,640
800
CAROLINA.
For a light-house and beacon-light on the main land on
North Edisto island
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For buoys in North Edisto inlet and approaches
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For a light-house and beacon-light on the north point of
Hunting island, to serve as a seacoast and range for the
Swash channel, in the place of the light-vessel at present
placed off St. Helena, and that vessel to be removed to
Oourbakee bank
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For a day beacon or buoy in St. Helena sound
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For a first class light-vessel for Martin's Industry, in place
of the present inefficient one, and for repairing the lightvessel now placed at Martin's Industry, and placing it
(after the larger vessel is built) at or near the entrance to
Calibogue sound
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
$15,000
CAROLINA.
For a light-house on Roanoke marshes
.
.
.
(See Appendix No. 32, relating to petition to Congress,
512 citizens of North Carolina.)
For buoys for the following places: at "Neuse river,"
" Pamplico sound and river," " Ocracoke inlet," u Core
sound," Beaufort harbor (See Appendix Nos. 32 and 33.)
For a beacon-light on Federal Point, to range with the lighthouse on that point, and as a substitute for the light-vessel
at present stationed on Horse-Shoe shoal
(See Appendix Nos. 34 and 35.)
SOUTH
203
15,000
500
30,000
S00
30,000
204
H. Doc. 2.,
For two beacons to serve as a range for the entrance to Calibogue sound
.
.
.
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For a small beacon-light on Fort Sumpter, Charleston harbor
(See Appendix No. 34.)
For a light-house and beacon-light on or near Hilton Head
to guide to Port Royal harborentrance
(See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For five iron buoys for Port Royal harbor (See Appendix No. 37, and petition to Congress.)
For buoys for St. Helena bar
(See Appendix Nos. 34 and 37.)
§5,000
1,000
10,000
1,500
1,500
GEORGIA.
For iron buoys to be placed in the St. Mary's and St. Andrew's bays
(See Appendix No. 34.)
2,000
FLORIDA.
For buoys for the St. John's bar and river (See Appendix No. 38.)
For elevating, and fitting with the most approved illuminating apparatus, the light-house tower at Cape Florida
(See Appendix Nos. 38 and 41.)
For iron buoys for Key West harbor and approaches
(See Appendix No. 43.)
For a small beacon-light near or on Fort McRea, Pensacola
(See Appendix No. 47.)
For two large iron buoys for Pensacola bar (See Appendix No. 47.)
2,000
15,000
l}500
1>000
1,000
LOUISIANA.
For a day beacon to be placed on the east end of Horn island
(See Appendix No. 44.)
ALABAMA.
For making permanent five range stakes, with lights, where
required, at the Choctaw Pass and Dog River bar, Mobile
(See Appendix No. 44.)
TEXAS.
For a light-house on or near Gallinipper Point, Lavacca bay
(See Appendix No. 49.)
For a light-house on or near Half-Moon reef, Matagorda bay
(See Appendix No. 49.)
10,000
10,000
H. Doc. 8.
205
MICHIGAN.
For repair of the light-house, and pier upon which it is placed,
near Monroe, Michigan
(See Appendix No. 50, for report and estimate.)
For completing foundations of two light-houses on St. Clair
flats
(See Appendix No. 53.)
§6,000
20,000
INDIANA.
For a beacon-light on the pier or breakwater at Michigan City
(See Appendix No. 51.)
1,000
ILLINOIS.
For a beacon-light on the breakwater at Waukegan, (Little
Fort,) in place of the present light-house
(See Appendix No. 51.)
For buoys to mark the bar and harbor at Chicago (See Appendix No. 51.)
For a harbor light at the town of Santa Cruz, Bay of Mon<
terey
(Recommended at last Congress.)
For a harbor light at Santa Barbara
•
(See report.)
1,000
300
10,000
10,000
206
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218
APPENDIX TO REPORT OP LIGHT-HOUSE BOARD.
No. 1.
November 2 2 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR : In obedience to the order contained in the circular of the Lighthouse Board on the subject of new structures, buoys, &c., as aids to
navigation in this district, I have the honor to make the following rejxwt:
1. Petit Mmian tight-house.—This is the most eastern first class light
on the coast of the United States. It is at present one of the worst of
all the lights, and the tower is so badly built, and so old, and the
lantern is so small, that little can be done to improve it; and all that
could be done will not make it a light good enough for the important
position of a first class seacoast light.
I therefore recommend that the tower and keeper's dwelling be
rebuilt, and that there be a second order Fresnel lens apparatus placed
in the new light-house. For this purpose an appropriation of $15,000
will be necessary.
2. Baker's island light-house and Franklin island lig/d'housc.—These
two are secondary lights. The towers of both are entirely worthless,
the lanterns are worn out, and the keepers' dwellings are so old and
leaky that they are unhealthy. I recommend that both bo rebuilt and
fitted up with Fresnel lens lights of the fourth or fifth order. For this
purpose, an appropriation of §10,000 will be required.
I select these two lights, not because they are absolutely the worst on
the coast, but because a beginning must be made in rebuilding nearly,all
of the lights of this class on the coast; and these are important lights,
and are as bad as any.
3: Fog signal near Monhegan tight house.—Vessels sailing eastward
from Portland, in a fog, first make Sesuin, where there is now a fogbell. They next make Monhegan island, but at that point there is no
fog-signal. If one were placed there, vessels could, alter making this
point, shape their courses for Whitehead, entrance of Penobscot bay, and
after making that point (where there is a bell,) would be in the bay and
comparatively safe. I think it of great importance that there should be
a bell at Monhegan*
The light-house i3 so far from the point where the bell should be
situated, that the light-keeper could not attend to it, and it will be advisable, therefore, to have a house built on which the bell might be
placed; and a man should be appointed whose sole duty should be to
take charge of the bell. The proper site for the bell is on a small island
which lies off Monhegan, called Manana. For the house and bell, ana
for purchasing the land, the sum of §3,500 will be necessary.
I have obtained evidence as to the necessity for the erection of this
bell, and it is appended to this report.
4. Harbor light on breakwater, Portland harbor, Me.—The break*
water in this harbor is very much in the way of vessels entering W®.
harbor, and a small light is needed on the end of it. If the board judge
it necessary that a house should be built for the keeper on shore, ^
appropriation of $3,500 will be necessary: but if a house be not rcauiiw
$1,000 will suffice. It might, perhaps, be well to have the house as a
PORTLAND, M E . ,
II. Doc. 3.
219
store for supplies, <fcc., for the light. (See'letters accompanying this
report, for evidence of the necessity of this light.)
5. Buoys, beacons, fyc.—There is an appropriation of §500 "for the
beacon on Buck's ledge, Penobscot river." On account of ice in the
spring freshets, and large rafts of logs that are floated down this river,
nothing but a structure of the firmest kind should be erected at this
point. One of cut-stone, of the size of the old one, will cost $2,500.
I have examined two other stone beacons in this river—one on Odom's
ledge, and the other on a ledge, the name of which T do not know*
Both have been moved several feet by the ice, and should be taken down
and rebuilt. For this purpose $1,000 will be required.
There are two stone monuments in this district which require repairs.
One is in Oasco bay, on Mark island, and the other is on an island at the
mouth of Saco river; both are useful beacons, and should be repointed and
overhauled thoroughly. For this purpose $1,500 will be required.
For buoys, beacons, &c., on various important points on the coast of
Maine, I iccommend that §2,000 be appropriated. The sum of $3,000
appropriated by the last Congress, was required, not only for buoys at
new points, but for replacing a great many which had been carried away
during the preceding winter.
RECAPITULATION.
1. For rebuilding light-house and keeper's dwelling on Petit
Menan island, Maine 2. For rebuilding Baker's island and Franklin island lighthouses, and keepers' dwellings
3. For fog-signal hear Monhegan light-house
4. Harbor light on end of breakwater at Portland harbor,
Maine •
5. Buoys, beacons, &c., and repairs
-
$45,000
10,000
3,500
3,500
7,000
69,000
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W, B. FRANKLIN,
Light-house Inspector, First District.
Capt. E . L . F . HARDOASTLE,
Secretary to Light house Board,
Washington, D. C.
September 12, 1853.
We, the undersigned, masters and pilots of the steamer Daniel Web
ster, steamer Penobscot, and steamer Boston, running between Bangor,
Portland and Boston, and intermediate ports, would most respectfully
represent that two very important points on this coast are neglected, and
we would call your especial attention to them, to wit: the island of Monhegan and Portland harbor; that a fog-bell on the Manana island, a little
island adjacent to Monhegan, and a bug-light on the end of the breakwater in Portland harbor, are two material points that are now very much
needed by steamers and vessels on the coast of Maine; and we would
BANGOR,
220
H. Doc. 2.,
call your especial attention to them, and respectfully solicit your aid in
procuring this protection to navigation.
#
There are no two points on our coast, where the aid of government is
s o m u c h n e e d e d as these two named, and we respectfully request that
you will urge the attention of the Light house Board to these particular
points.
Respectfully yours,
JOSEPH FARWELL,
Master ofstr. Daniel Webster.
RICHARD DONOVAN, 1st Pilot
"
"
"
ARCHIBALD G. SPEAR, 2d Pilot
"
"
"
THOMAS B. SANFORD, Master of steamer Boston.
WM. BLAKE,
1st Pilot
"
"
WM. A. BEAN,
2rl Pilot
"
"
WM. FLOWERS,
Master of steamer Penobscot.
S. G. FLOWERS,
1 st Pilot
"
"
DAYID H. STAPLES,
2d Pilot.
«
"
Lieut. WC B . FRANKLIN,
Light-house Inspector, Portland, Maine.
PORTLAND, September 1 4 , 1 S 5 3 .
Sm: The undersigned, managers of the Board of T r a d e of this
city, would respectfully call your attention to the necessity of alight on
the end of the breakwater in our harbor.
The main entrance to our lower harbor (so termed) is one of the best
on the whole Atlantic coast; but after entering the lower harbor, the
breakwater upon one side of the main channel, and Hog Island ledge on
the other, make it dangerous in the night to come into the inner harbor
abreast our principal wharves; but with a single light on the end of the
breakwater, vessels could come to anchor in the inner harbor at any time.
A small movable light might be placed on the breakwater, and under
the care of some person on shore, so that the expense might be light
compared with the benefits it would afford to our commerce.
f
As Portland has been selected as the winter station for the line of
steamers established by the Canadian government, and now during the
summer running to the St. Lawrence, we think this, in addition to the
wants of our own increasing navigation, is alone a sufficient reason for
the establishment of this light.
.
We would therefore respectfully request you to call the attention of
the Light-house Board to the necessity of the above- named light, if, after
examination, you concur with us in the necessity of the same.
With sentiments of respect, we are your obedient servants,
DEAR
Lieut. WM. B. FRANKLIN,
GEO. W. WOODMAN.
J. B. B R O W N .
H. H LIBBY.
T . C. H E I S E Y .
JEDH. JEWETT.
C . M. D A V I S .
J . C> B R O O K S .
JONAS H. PERLEY
A. K . S H U R T L I F F ,
RUFUS E. WOOD.
Light-house Inspector.
II. Doc. 3.
221
STEAMER DANIEL W E B S T E R ,
September 12, 1853.
Your esteemed favor of September 7 is before me,
and with pleasure I take this opportunity to reply.
One of the most important aids to navigation on the coast of Maine is
a fog-bell on Manana.
The island of Monhegan is the island that all of our vessels on this
coast take their departure from on leaving the coast, and is the most desirable headland to make on coming in from sea; and it is the only
land that steamboats wish to make between Portland light and Whitehead light, and it is indispensably necessary to make Monhegan before
you change your course either from Portland or Whitehead. The Manana is a small island, taken, as you may say, out of Monhegan island
on the westerly side, and makes the harbor of Monhegan.
The only way to make it is to run and feel your way along the coast,
stopping and going ahead until you find it. A sailing-vessel is obliged
to mn until she judges herself up, and then lay to until the fog clears
up. Often a vessel or steamboat may be within a cable's length of this
island in the fog, and not know whether they are very near or not, or
whether they are inside or outside of the island. A bell, well arranged
on Manana, would announce to a vessel the position of the island, and
from that they could take their departure for Portland if going west, and
for Whitehead ingoing east.
I think there is no point on our coast that needs so much the protection and particular attention of government, fas a good fog-belL well
arranged,) as on the Manana.
1 would also respectfully call your attention to Portland harbor. The
breakwater runs out into the harbor, so that the channel is very narrow
between it and Hog Island ledge and another island on the easterly side
of the channel—so much so, that it is very dangerous running into this
harbor in the night; and Portland being a good harbor, is a great resort
to vessels on the coast in a storm. It is highly necessary that a light
should be placed on the end of the breakwater—to be made a colored
light, red, or to have some way to distinguish it from other lights of vessels at anchor, or from lights of houses on the point, in order that it may
be known.
These two things are, in my opinion, of more importance than anything for the protection of life and property that can be done by government on the coast of Maine.
Hoping that you will lend your aid to forward as soon as practicable
these suggestions, I subscribe myself
Your obedient and humble servant,
JOSEPH FARWELL,
Master of Steamer Daniel Webster
Lieut. W. B . FRANKLIN,
Light-house Inspector, Portland, Maine.
M Y DEAR S I R :
PORTLAND, September 1 4 , 1 8 5 3 .
Yours of the 7th came duly to hand; and feeling deeply
interested in the subject of which you inquire, viz: "aids to navigaD E A R SIR:
H. Doc. 2.,
222
tion along the coast which our steamers navigate," I have conversed
freely with our captains and pilots, and they are united in the opinion
that a suitable bell placed upon Thatcher's island (Cape Ann,) to be
rung during fogs, would be of immense benefit to the whole eastern
coasting interest, as that point is the key to Boston harbor.
Further, they report* that the light upon Boon island is very feeble, and
altogether inefficient for one of so much importance, it being a guide
among some of the most dangerous reefs 011 the whole coast.
And I will again take the liberty of calling your attention to the bell
placed upon Cape Elizabeth, it being entirely too small for one occupying so important a position; and the manner in which it is rung does
not at all answer the purpose intended. One of that size placed upon
Portland Head, near the old light, would be an excellent guide for entering this harbor in thick weither; and if placed there, would be the
means of saving much life and property.
A harbor light placed upon the breakwater would be of vast import*
ance, as many serious accidents occur for want of some such guide in
this harbor; and the great increase of trade t j this port makes improvements of this kind of far more importance now than at any former
period.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
J. B. COYLE,
Agent Portland Steam Packet Company.
Lieut. W B. Fuaskux,
Light house Inspector.
No. 2.
Extract from a report of W, B.
Franklin.
PORTLAND, M E . , October 2 7 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: T yesterday received notice from the keeper of the lighthouse at
White Head, Maine, that the Jones's fog.bell at that lighthouse stops
after five or six strokes. The keeper considers the labor of ringing a
bell by hand as less than that of winding up the new bell.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
W B. FRANKLIN,
. Y
^
Light house Inspector.
T • 4 m
r
Lieut. T A, J E X K I X S , U. 8. A .,
*
Secretary Light house Board, Washington, D. C.
No. 3.
CUSTOM-HOUSE, K E N X E B U K K , October 1 9 , 1 S 5 3 .
• W ^ l I n r e p l y 10 y o u r c i r c u I a r o { September I, 1S53, I have to state
X J £ e u u r e lT?- ° ^ e c t s e m b r *<*d within this district, the success
lt a n d stiiI feel a dee
estahli £
! P ? b ' r uaV,e( f euse
P interest, to wit: the
at the m o m h
5 mthle pier
n £ Ta n da o af r l,gh
u
2
<>f our harbor, on the end
a
>
breakwater in Cape Porpoise harbor. Congress
II. Doc. 3.
223
have been memorialized upon these objects, and papers are on file at
Washington, setting forth their great importance. Our delegation will
bring the matter up for consideration at an early day.
A more formal statement will be made to you of their utility.
Very respectfully,
ENOCH COUSENS, Collector.
No. 4.
COLLECTOR'S OFFICE,
District of York, October 24, 1853.
GENTLEMEN: In compliance with your circular of September 1st, I
have the honor to reply, that I have made careful inquiry what farther
aid is required to navigation on the coast, which may be considered of
iresent necessity, in addition to those already existing or authorized by
aw to be established in my district, and find that it is the general
opinion of mariners, and others engaged in navigation, that alight-house
at the entrance of York harbor would afford great facility to the numerous
coasting and fishing vessels which navigate the coast. As the harbor
is adjacent to good fishing-grounds, it is always the resort of a large fleet
of vessels during the fishing season, when the weather is more or less
unsettled and boisterous. It is also frequented by large coasting vessels
bound east, when headed by contrary winds in the bay east of this.
Our harbor, as you may be already aware, presents one peculiar advantage, which no other harbor for many miles east or west does; and
that is, a northeast wind, which brings the most violent storms we experience on the coast, is fair to enter and anchor in perfect safety. It is
said, by mariners, that it is as safe a harbor tor vessels to lie, in violent
storms, as any on the coast. Therefore, in my judgment, it seems very
probable, and also very certain, that a light here might very much aid
vessels in making this harbor in northeasterly storms, which must other
wise go ashore on Rye beach, and other dangerous places on our rockbound coast, which, I regret to say, has been too often the case for several years past, and where many valuable lives have been sacrificed and
lost,
I would further add and suggest, that from the information I can
obtain, by the most reliable evidence, and from my own experience and
observation, (having been employed as inspector of the revenue and
boarding officer at this port, under the administrations of Mr. Van Buren
and Mr. Polk,) 1 have had occasion, from time to time, to converse with
mariners upon the subject, who live both east and west, and have always found but one opinion, thereby satisfying myself that a light here
would be of very great benefit to the aid of navigation; in fact 1 know of
no place on the coast of Maine where a light is more needed.
But as the matter is now before you for your consideration, it is to be
hoped it may be so presented to Congress, by you and the other members of the Light-house Board, with such estimates for an appropriation
for that purpose as will secure the desired object.
According lo my judgment, and the most reliable information I can
obtain, five thousand dollars would be a sufficient sum to erect a good
f
224
H. Doc. 2.,
and substantial light-house at this harbor, with all the necessary appara.
, tus, including lamps, reflectors, <kc., &c.
I am, gentlemen, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
, B
'
LUTHER
JENKINS,
Collector, York, Maine
Lieut. T , A. JENKINS,
Brevet Capt. E. L. P HARDCASTLE,
Secretaries of Light house Board, Washington, D. C.
No. 5.
COLLECTOR'S O F F I C E ,
District of Passamaquoddy^ November 1, 1853.
SIR: Upon the receipt of your circular, (under date of the first of September,) I addressed communications to several gentlemen of character,
intelligence, and experience, with a view to obtain the information you
desired. I herewith transmit their answers, so far as they have been
received.
The opinions contained in these answers are, in my judgment, entitled
to great consideration. They come from reliable sources, and from
men who understand, practically, the necessity for the " aids to navigation" which they suggest. I fully concur in their recommendations.
I have the honor to be, gentlemen, with high respect, your obedient
servant,
BION BRADBURY, Collector.
Lieut. THORNTON A. JENKINS,
Capt. E. L. F . HARDCASTLE,
Secretaries of the Light-house Board.
STEAMER ADMIRAL, September 2 7 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: AS regards the necessity of more light-houses, fog bells, beacons,
or buoys on the eastern coast, mentioned m your late communication to
me, I can only say I think there should be a fog-bell on the island of
Martinicus, and also on Mount Desert Rock, and a buoy on the southern point of Petit Menan ledge.
When bound from Portland, or other western ports, east, in thick
weather, if a bell could be heard on Martinicus, (where the course is
altered more than two points of the compass,) a vessel could be run up
the bay with much more confidence and safety.
So also Mount Desert Rock, situated almost directly in the track from
Boston into the Bay of Pundy : if a bell were ringing in thick weather,
instead of trying to avoid the rock, navigators would calculate to S°
within hearing distance, get a new [course- r.d proceed up the bay
with much more safety.
II. Doc. 3.
225
Petit Menan ledges are four miles from land—always dangerous for
large vessels, and in rough weather for any class.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
ALBERT WOOD,
Of Steamer Admiral
BION BRADBURY, E s q . ,
Collection District of Passamaquoddy.
CALAIS, September 2 3 , 1 8 5 3 .
In reply to yours of the 9th, requesting me to report if
any light house, buoy, beacon, or monument are required on the St.
Croix river, I beg leave to state that a monument or beacon on the
pledge," so called, four miles below Calais, and also two or three buoys
jusfkbove the ledge, are much needed. At this place the river curves
and the channel is quite narrow, which, in the spring and fall freshets
with our great rise of tide, renders the navigation extremely difficult
and dangerous, except to those well acquainted.
The <( Big island/' ten miles below Calais, is another point difficult
to pass in the night; in fact, it is nevfer attempted by heavy vessels, being
directly in the centre of the river, with numerous ledges and small
islands on the American side of it. A light house upon this island is very
necessary, as the many vessels wrecked upon it abundantly prove. Not
a single beacon or buoy of any description has ever been placed upon
the river by the American government.
Sixty vessels, ranging from 500 to 1,300 tons, have been loaded at
the ledge this season, and, but for the great draught, the number would
have been nearly double. Over 1,500 vessels, exclusive of steamboats,
are reported by the deputy collector at Calais alone as having arrived
and sailed from that port the last year.
The rapidly-increasing trade of Calais would seem to entitle it to the
consideration of the government; and during the five years I have been
upon a steamboat, 1 have seldom passed either of the places before
named that the importance of having a light house upon the one and a
beacon or buoy upon the other did not occur to me.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
THEO. GARY,
Master of Steamer Pequasset, Eastport.
DEAR S I R :
BION BRADBURY, E s q . ,
Collector of the District of Passamaquoddy, Eastport.
Crrs>
September 30, 1853.
SIR: Feeling honored by the privilege which you have given us of
pointing out any improvements which may be made in regard to lighthouses, <fcc., on our coast, we take the earliest opportunity of replying,
STEAMER EASTON
226
II. Doc. 3.
and would suegest,'that for the safety and convenience of mariners a
fog-bell should be erected on Mouut Desert rock.
Verv respectfully, your obedient servants,
y
^
' y
E. B. WINCHESTER,
JOSEPH ATKINS,
SLMON II. P I K E .
BION BRADBURY, E s q . ,
Collector of Customs, Eastport.
No. 6.
COAST SURVEY STATION NEAR PHILLIPS, MAINE,_
•
November 11% 1S53.
DEAR SIR: In the report of his survey of Portland harbor, Maine,
Lieut. Commanding Woodhull makes a recommendation for a light on
the breakwater, and a can-buoy on the shoal to the northward of it, in
that harbor. I communicate an extract therefrom upon this subject for
the information and consideration of the board.
Yours, respectfully,
A. D. BACIIE, Superintendent.
Lieut. T A. JENKINS, U. S. Navy,
Secretary of Light house Board.
u
I would recommend that a small sixth order harbor light be Greeted
on the extremity of the breakwater; also that a can-buoy be placed on
the shoal to the northward of the breakwater—the one now down is too
small to serve as a proper mark. I deem the light abr>vo mentioned very
important. It is absolutely necessary to make a safe entrance into the
harbor, and to guard against striking the breakwater itself, which is nearly
under water at high tide, and is therefore on dark nights difficult to be
seen so as to be avoided."
No. 7.
Extract from the report of Major C. A. Ogden, United Stales Corps of
Engineers, dated November 9, 1S53.
Towards the erection of a light-house on the rocks called
the "Sow and Pigs"
$30,000
The hydrographical survey of these rocks has not yet been received,
but plans for the light-house will be matured and submitted during the
next winter. This work will require a large outlay at the commencement, and when commenced should be carried above the effects of storms
in the shortest possible time. The present appropriation may P oss *jr?
be sufficient to commence operations at this difficult location; yet I fee*
d upon (also having in view the amount of the appropriation ot
1S54) to ask for an additional appropriate of §30,000.
•
•
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o
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•
II. Doc. 3.
227
Spindles on the N. E . ledge of the Groves and Harding's ledge
An additional appropriation was made for the same purpose
August 31, 1S52.
-
$2,000
6,000
8,000
I have not been able to get on the Groves rock to examine its structure^ but, judging from the formation in the immediate vicinity, I am led
to the conclusion that it would not sustain the proposed spindle, nor
does there appear to be base.enough to build a m«re permanent beacon.
Harding's ledge is still lower than the Groves, and may have sufficient
stability to hold a spindle; yet, so long as there is a doubt, I think it
would be much better to expend the appropriation in placing a bell buoy,
with a bell of about three hundred pounds, at the Groves, and a triangle
buoy at Harding's, and a fog-whistle at the Boston light.
• The fog-bell at Boston light, from its position, the confinement, or in
proper deflection of the sound, or some otlier cause, is heard in storms
but a few hundred yards in the direction of the channel of entrance; and
it is believed that, independent of other aids, a fog-whistle would better
answer the purposes of navigation.
SPINDLE ON T H E LANDO>TER*
On the 21st July, 1852, a contract was made by P. Greely, collector
of customs, with Luther Briggs, jr., for the erection of this spindle. The
contract specifies no time for its completion, nor does it indicate any
means of coercion; on the contrary, it specifies that when the iron spindle
and superstructure shall be delivered at some point near the rock arid
remain forty days without an opportunity of erecting it, the contractor>
shall receive §2,500, and the balance, §2,000, when the work is completed.
The spindle has been delivered at Rockport, and the contractor paid for it.
Mr. Briggs informed me, in the last of July or first of August, that he
was willing and anxious to complete his contract, and that he had an
agent at Rockport waiting an opportunity for putting up the spindle. I
saw the spindle at Rockport in September, but no preparation made for
its erection. I am convinced, that unlesssome means of coercion can be
fotmd, the spindle will never be put up under the present contract,
and I see no way of annulling it.
Respectfully submitted,
C. A. OGDEN,
Major Corps of Engineers.
No. la.
COLLECTOR'S
OFFICE,
JSdgartown, October 6, 1853.
SIR : In reply to your circular letter of the 1st ult., I have to say that
I know of no new aids to navigation r e t i r e d in this district.
228
H. Doc. 2.,
T h e tower and keeper's dwelling at Gayhead are very old, the latter
extremely inconvenient. The tower is too low, and the light is by no
means so powerful as is required at so important a point.
In my opinion, a first class lens light should be erected there as soon
as is practicable.
Yenr respectfully, your obedient servant,
J
JOSEPH T.
Lieut. T . A. JENKINS,
Secretary of Light-house Board.
PEASE,
Superintendent.
No. 8.
November 9 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: In compliance with the circular of the Light-house board of the
1st September, I would suggest that an appropriation of §30,000 be
asked for towards the erection of a first-class lens light-house at Gayhead, (Martha's vineyard,) and 'or the erection of a new tower for a secondclass lens light at Brant point, Nantucket, §15,000.
The board is fully aware of the necessity of the immediate erection
of the proposed light at Gayhead. The frame of the light-tower at
Brant point is so completely rotted as to require Mconstniction with the
least possible delay; and believing it to be the wise policy of the board
to make all its future constructions permanent, I have asked the above
amount for the tower. The dwelling-house is much decayed, but has a
nearly new roof and weather-boarding on it, and may last lor some
years yet*
The beach south of Long Point light, Provincetown harbor, has worn
away considerably on the east side, and made some on the west, since the
survey of Major Graham ; but as the progiess of the change appears to
be slow, I would rather watch it another year than rccommuud an appropriation for its preservation at present.
Billingsgate island, Wellsfleet bay, requires protection* There has
been expenditures made for this object sometime heretofore; but, f r o m the
present appearance of the work, I cannot trace the design of the particu*
lar object sought to be obtained beyond that of the immediate protection
of the house. The work, however, appears to have been left in an
unfinished state, and wherever large rocks have been left, there has been
an accumulation of sand and a partial increase of the shore. I therefore
propose, during the next year, to properly arrange the loose stone that are
now there, and procure enough more to make the island secure; for
which I ask for an appropriation of §2,000.
I consider the protection of this island and light of the first i m p o r t a n c e ,
as it is the only harbor of refuge from a southeast gale in Cape Cod bay
for vessels that have been unable to make Provincetown harbor*
BOSTON,
II. Doc. 3.
Recapitulation of appropriations asked for new works:
Light-tower at Gayhead
.
Light tower at Brant point
.
.
.
.
.
Preservation of Billingsgate island
-
229
$30,000
15,000
2,000
47,000
Respectfully submitted,
C. A. OGDEN,
Major Topographical Engineers.
.
Capt. E.
L . F , HARDCASTLE,
Secretary Light-house Board, Washington.
No. 9.
COLLECTOR'S O F F I C E ,
District of Nantucket) October 2 2 , 1 S 5 3 .
SIR: I would say that no new additions are required at present, but I
would respectfully recommend some improvements in those existing,
viz: a new light-house and dwelling at Brant point, (harbor light,) and
an additional dwelling-house at Sankaty head for the assistant keeper
and his family. The whole establishment at Brant point is very much
out of repair, and from the age, material, and construction of the building, I should not consider it good economy to repair it; the interests of
the government, and all concerned, seen to demand a more permanent
and commodious structure. The assistant keeper at Sankaty head is
at present subjected to a daily travel of about seven miles, inconsequence
of the incapacity of the present dwelling at that station to accomodate
more than the principal keeper and his family; this, in the winter season,
is not only an arduous task to perform, but is attended with great inconvenience to the keeper, as the daily absence of the assistant from the station is necessarily considerable.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
EBEN W. ALLEN,
Collector and Superintendent.
THORNTON A . JENKINS, E s q . ,
Secretary of Light-house Board,
Washington.
No. 10.
Extracts from a letter from Captain It. B. Forbes, of Boston.
I therefore only make two or three suggestions for your consideration,
fearing they may come too late, and supposing also that they are not
new:
1st. Highland light is shut in by the bluff to the south of it, and ought
to be placed a mile or two from its present position, as all know who
make it coming from the south southeast and south.
230
H. Dor. 3.
2d. Light-boats on our northeastern const, particularly in Vineyard
sound, Pollock rip, and Tuckanuck, should have larger bells, and should,
during thick fogs, fire guns at stated intervals.
3d. Shoal spots off Nantucket, and particularly the new discoveries,
ought to have buoys or buoy boats on them.
4th. There should be a number of large boiler-plate buoys, securely
moored, say half a mile to one mile apart from the channel, off Boston
light, seaward, so that vessels coming in during foggy weather may find
their way into harbor; the outer buoy to be at least ten miles from Boston light.
5th. All buoys in our harbor channels should be of boiler plate, and
large enough to be seen at night in any proper sailing weather; tho
"broomsticks" now used are scarcely perceptible in the clearest night
until you run against them.
6th. The buoy on Pollock rip, starboard-hand goincf southwest, does
not " w a t c h " in strong tides; and all the buoys in the same vicinity,
except the buoy boats off Nantucket, are altogether too small and indistinct, rendering the navigation dangerous where it ought to be quite easy
and safe.
No. 11.
O F F I C E OF INSPECTOR OF L I G H T S , i f c c . ,
New York, November 10, 1S53.
The following aids to navigation in this district are very
much required, in addition to those already reported on, and 1 think
will be largely petitioned for, viz:
Fog-bell at Little Gull island, New York, weighing from 1,500 to 2,000
pounds.
Fog*bell at Stoney point, New York, weighing from 1,000 to 1,500
pounds.
Fog-bell at Lynde point, .Connecticut, weighing about 1,000 pounds;
all to be run by machinery.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. LUDLOW CASE,
Inspector of Lights, tj-c., ^ c . , Third District1
Lieutenant T , A. JENKINS, U. S. N . ,
Captain E . L. F S HARDCASTLE, TJ. S. T E Eng.,
Secretaries Light-house Board, Washington, D. C\
GENTLEMEN:
No. 12.
O F F I C E OF INSPECTOR OF L I G H T S ,
Netv York, October 21, 1853.
Sm: I have just returned from an examination of Lloyd's harbor,
Huntington bay, L. 1. It has always been, and is still, a great harbor
of refuge for vessels navigating Long Island sound in stormy or easterly
II. Doc. 3.
231
weather. A light, say of the fourth order Fresnel, would be of the
greatest service in making it, and in my opinion is very much needed.
If one is erected, I think it should be placed on the end of the sand
point, north side of the harbor. By referring to the coast survey chart
of Huntington bay, you will see that the water is bold to it. The point
is formed by the wash of the sea; is of coarse sand and gravel, and at
times entirely covered by water.
The letter from Captain Paulding, U. S. N., to the honorable Secretary of the Treasury, and enclosed to me by the Light-house board,
is herewith returned.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. LUDLOW CASE,
Inspector of Lights, <J*c., Third District.
Lieut. T . A. JENKINS, U. S. N.,
Secretary to Light-house Board, Washington, D, C.
NAVY YARD AT WASHINGTON,
August 9, 1853.
SIR: I have the honor briefly to address you on a subject of importance to the interests of commerce as well as to the cause of humanitjr.
Lloyd's harbor, on the Long Island sound, is the only refuge in stormy
weather, for many miles, for the numerous coasting and other vessels
that navigate the sound at ail seasons. The light on Easton's neck
guides them to the bay of Huntington; but the approach to Lloyd's harbor, where alone they can find a safe anchorage, is dangerous and extremely difficult, from the existence of a low sand-spit on one and a
rocky shoal on the other side of the channel. It is sugge&ted that a
beacon, or some other conspicuous landmark, should be erected in such
locality as may be adjudged best.
Having been respeatedly requested by the watermen who navigate the
sound to give my aid in bringing this subject to the notice of the government, I have considered that I could in no way more properly do so
than by addressing myself to your excellency. That a more perfect
knowledge may be communicated to the department, and upon which an
appropriation may be asked of Congress, I would most respectfully propose that a commission of two or three officers be appointed to examine
the location, and report to the department over which you preside.
I would take leave further to remark, that in the intervals of service
for the last fifteen years my residence has been in the vicinity of
Lloyd's harbor; and my professional calling has often led me to consider the importance of a beacon or some other guide by which the harbor could be approached in stormy weather.
I have the honor to be, with the highest respect, your most obedient
servant,
H, PAULDING,
Captain U. S. Navy.
H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington.
H. Doc. 2.,
232
No. 13*
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR OF LIGHTS,
New York, November 15, 1853.
SIR: Enclosed herewith you will find statements of the condition of
the illuminating apparatus and lanterns of the light-houses and vessels
of this district. I have notes of the condition and slate of the towers
and dwellings also; but as Major W. D. Fraser, United States engineers,
accompanied me in my visits, and will give a full detailed report of the
repairs required, the necessity for tearing down, rebuilding, etc., &c., I
have said but little about them.
The illuminating apparatus in the small stations on the Hudson river
and Newark bay are old ones from coan stations, well worn out before
they were removed to make place for larger reflectors and better lamps.
1 have generally recommended a small lens for them; one of the fifth
order would be larger than necessary, and one of the " steamer lens"
too small. Something between them both, say with a perpendicular
face of 12 to 18 inches, would be ample. The difference in the consumption of oil would soon pay the expense of alteration. Lenses of
that size would also answer very well for the smaller stations which
require new apparatus in Narragansett bay; the lights al ms? Long
Island sound requiring new apparatus would want a larger size, say
from third to fifth order, according to their importance and the distance
necessary to be seen.
In almost every instance whsre the lighting apparatus requires renovation the lantern frames should be reduced, and large-sized plates of
glass substituted for the small ones now in use, to prevent as little
obstruction to the light as possible.
With the exception of the Highlands, and one or two other towers,
the whole are without closets or shelves for stores, or tables for cleaning.
I would respectfully repeat my former suggestion, that as we now know
the size of the faces of the octagons, they be made during the winter,
and furnished in the spring by the vessel which delivers the supplies,
or carries the men to make the repairs, &c.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. L U D L O W
Inspector,
CASE,
Third District*
L i e u t . T . A . JENKINS, U . S . N . ,
Secretary Light house Board, Washington, D. C.
No. 14.
Extracts from the report of Major Wm. D.
Fraser,
C o r p s o f
Engineers.
On making inquiries of pilots and others interested in the navigation
ol Lake Champlain, in relation to such additional lights as might be required, I was informed that two bug lights were wanted on the Burlington
nver one at the north end, and the other at the south; that the steamboat
company had, at their own expense, kept up a light at W i n d m i l l point,
ana at the north end of the Isle au Motte, and that at the former place a
II. Doc. 3.
233
light-house was necessary, at the latter a small light only. These lights,
with the one to be erected at Point PU Roche, would be all that the middie and north part of Lake Champlain required.
At the southern end I had an opportunity of observing for myself, and
am satisfied that at Crown point a lighthouse should be built, and that
the charge of the nine small lights kept up 10 or 12 miles off Whitehall
by the steamboat association, should be assumed by the general government. It is true they are most useful to those who have heretofore borne
all the expense, but as they are of great advantage to the public generally,
they ought no longer to be a burden to private individuals. At present
they are merely placed on poles or upon the bushes.
Estimate—
Bug lights on Burlington pier
Light house at Windmill point
Bugrlights on the Isle au Motte
Light-house at Crown point
Nine bug-lights near Whitehall
- $1,000 00
- 8.000
500
- 8,000
4,500
00
00
00
00
I omitted to mention in its proper order the condition of the East iiver
from Throg's neck to New York in respect to lights.
It is well known to be the most intricate and dangerous part of the
whole route from the east, and has not a single guide of this kind for
those who may wish to pass through at night. Without having examined the river with reference to this matter, it appears to me that a
small light on Mill rock, at HeJIgate, would be found highly useful;
others perhaps are necessary, but this I regard as most important.
No. 15.
Extract from a communication from Benjamin Bray ton, esrj.^
manding the steamer Empire State, dated November 4, 1S53.
#
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Bristol ferry, which is a narrow strait, is the point of connexion between Narragansett bay proper and its eastern branch, known as Mount
Hope o a / . and Taunton river. By reference to the chart (see chart of
Narraganseu bay, which was published by the Navy Department, showing result of the survey of 1832) you will perceive that the passage between what is there designated as Bristol neck and the island of Rhode
Island is very contracted, and that here the course of a vessel, entering
or departing, changes; and you will readily appreciate that in the absence
of a light on the point of Bristol neck, (which is the proper locality for
the light asked for,) the passage through this strait in bad nights must
always be attended with great difficulty, and often with clanger. This
is so truly the case, that for the last seven years, since the first establishing this line of steamers, our company has maintained a light on that
point at its own private cost, benefiting alike their own boats (two of
which pass every night) and the numerous sailing [craft constantly plying
234
H. Doc. 2.,
these waters, and which, but for our light, would never, except under
very favorable circumstances, attempt to pa^s through Bristol ferry m
the ni^ht Our light is not always as reliable as would be a light subject ^government control, which must lead all to desire to see a lighthouse established there; and inasmuch as the general commerce of
Mount Hope bay and Taunton river is heavy, this forms a just reason
why the lieht there should be maintained at government expense rather
than at private cost. The light should be a fixed light, similar to the
light in its vicinity on Sandy point, (Prudence island.)
I am, gentlemen, very respectfully, yours,
'
BENJAMIN
BRAYTON,
Master Steamer Empire Slate.
To Messrs. T* A. JENKINS, U. S. Navy, and
E . L . P . HARDCASTLE, U.
Top. Engineers,
Washington, D. C.
No. 16.
Extract from letter from Walter R. Jones, esq.. President Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company and of Board of Underwriters, dated New
York, November 29, 1S53.
m
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I am also told that a light-house is needed at Niantic, on Long Island
sound, about ten miles west of the entrance into New London; that the
harbor has good deep water, and makeb a safe anchorage for vessels m
need of shelter.
#
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No. 17.
CUSTOM HOUSE, N E W LONDON,
Office of Superintendent Lights, October 7, 1S53,
Sin: Since the receipt of the circular of the Light-house b o a r d of September 1st, I have made inquiry of those most likely to be well informed
on the subject, as to the necessity of additional guides to navigation m
this district. The general, I may say the universal, opinion is, that a
beacon, instead of a buoy, on Black ledge, a reef of rocks at the entrance
of this harbor, would be a great additional protection to vcssrls navigating
Long Island and Fisher's Island sounds; more especially those passing
through Fisher's Island sound and entering and leaving this port.
A light-house on Race point, west end of Fisher's island, would be
an additional protection to commerce. With the exception of Bl^p
ledge, thi3 reef is considered the most dangerous in the district. Hardly
a month passes that a vessel is not run on Black ledge, always receiving
more or less damage. These are the only points that I have heard mentioned as requiring additional aids at this time.
I transmit with this two letters on the subject—one from Captw»
Mather, the other from Captain Smith.
Both of these gentlemen have
had much experience i n navigating the sound.
Captain Mather com-
II. Doc. 3.
35
manded the revenue cutter stationed in this district for many years. He
is a man of intelligence and judgment; his opinion is entitled to consideration, as is also that of Captain Smith. The opinions of these gentlemen are corroborated by all who I have conversed with who have any
knowledge on the subject.
Should the board deem it necessary, I will have estimates made of the
cost of a beacon on Black ledge.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. HOBURT,
Superintendent of Lights.
T o THORNTON A . JENKINS, E s q . ,
Secretary of the Light-house Board,
Washington.
N E W LONDON, September 2 6 , 1 8 5 3 .
think there ought to be a beacon on Black ledge, at the
entrance of New London harbor, for there have been very many vessels
lost on the ledge; there are not more than two feet water on the ledge,
and there would not be any difficulty in making a beacon stand there;
and there ought to be a light-house on Race point, the west end of
Fisher's island.
Yours, truly,
DEAR S I R : I
LEONARD
SMITH,
Master Steamer Chicopee, of New London.
M r . HOBURT,
Collector at New London.
N E W LONDON, October 1 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: YOU ask my opinion as to the importance of a beacon on Black
ledge, off the east entrance to New London harbor.
Black ledge is a very dangerous reef, extending about two hundred
yards in a N. E . by E . and S. W. by W. direction. There is a channel
between the N, E. end of this ledge and Pine island, of about two hundred and twenty yards wide, with three fathoms water in it; and about
two hundred yards W. £ N. from the S. W. end of this ledge lies S. W.
ledge, with a channel between them of five fathoms water.
There is a buoy on each end of Black ledge, and one on S. W. ledge.
These buoys being so near each other often deceive the navigator; therefore I think it would be very important to substitute a beacon in place of
the buoy on the N. E. end of Black ledge. There has been a number of
vessels wrecked on this ledge, and many of them have been a total loss
of vessel and cargo; and in some instances lives were lost. I have no
doubt that many of the above losses would not have occurred had there
been a beacon as above.
All vessels coming into New London from the east through Fisher's
Island sound, &c., pass near this ledge, and often pass between the leJge
H. Doc. 2.,
236
and Pine island, where the beacon would be of very great importance,
particularly in thick, blowing weather.
Yours, very respectfully,
ANDREW MATHER.
H E N R Y HOBTOT, E s q . ,
Sup't buoys, beacons, <$'£., New London.
STEAMBOAT BAY S T A T E ,
Ncid York, November 22, 1S53.
GENTLEMEN: I would suggest that a fixed light upon Horton's point
would be of great value to those who navigate Long Island sound, supplying, as it would, the existing deficiency of lights upon the Long
Island shore between Old field Point light and Plumb Island light.
It is also of all essential importance that a light-house be constructed
at Bristol ferry, in Narragansett bay. There is probably, no locality in
the country, certainly none within my knowledge, where a light-house
is so much needed. All that was set forth in a petition to which 1
affixed my name, and which I learn was forwarded to you, is strictly
and literally true. Indeed, the petition but inadequately sets forth the
importance of this object.
Those of us who have to pass through this strait on dark and stormy
nights, or else are brought to a stand in the attempt to grope our way
through, lealize that, as it now is, we are subjected frequently to are*
sponsibility more weighty than ought to be placed on any one.
The difficulty is partly obviated by a light which is now maintained
there by our company; but this of course is of less power, and less to be
relied upon, than a government light.
I am, gentlemen, yours, very truly,
WILLIAM BROWN,
Master Steamer Bay State.
To Messrs. THORNTON A. JENKINS, U. S. Navy, and
E . L.
HARDCASTLE, U. S. Top. Eng's,
Secretaries of Light-house Board, Washington, D. C.
No. 18,
CUSTOM-HOUSE, N E W LONDON,
Office of Supt. of Lights, Novembir 14,lSi*>.
Sm: I herewith transmit petitions for a beacon on Black ledge. T h e
petition might be more numerously signed were it deemed necessary?
for all who are interested in navigation between our eastern p o r t s ana
New York are in favor of a beacon. I will, in the course of a few da\rs>
forward to the board estimates of the probable cost of a beacon of suitable
dimensions and construction.
Respectfully, your obedient servant,
h.
h o b u r t ,
Superintendent of Lights^
THORNTON A . J E N K I N S , E s q . ,
Secretary Light-house Board, Washington, D. C.
II. Doc. 3.
237
No. 19.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT OF LIGHTS,
Sag Harbor, October 17, 1853.
SIR: In answer to a circular letter from the Light-house board asking
a description of such aids to navigation, in addition to those already
existing, as are required within this district, I have the honor to report:
Within that portion of the district assigned to the surveyor at Greenport, spar-buoys are required at the following points: At Hay Beach
flats; at Great Hog-neck, Southold; at Little Hog-neck, Southold; at
Miaming bar, at the entrance of the channel at Riverhead.
Within the other portion, spar-buoys should be placed at a point in
Shelter Island ferry; at Nicholl's rocks, between Ramhead and Meshomac
point; at a shoal or sand-bar east of Gardiner's point.
At Gardiner's Point shoal a spar-buoy formerly was placed by boatmen,
which is now lost. The shoal extends off three-quarters of a mile; the
water shoals suddenly from six fathoms to seven feet, and vessels frequently strike upon the bar.
At Shagwonunck, or Shagwan reef, a bell-buoy should be placed. A
beacon or spindle will not resist the surf. This reef is about four miles
west of Montauk, on the north side, and extends into the ocean about
three miles. It is in the path of vessels bound up or down the sound
around Montauk, and dangerous in foggy weather. I have spoken with
several gentlemen, shipmasters and ship-owners, and all concur in the
opinion that a bell-buoy is the only signal proper to indicate its position,
and of the necessity for it. Many vessels, 1 understand, have struck
upon the reef, and several have been wholly wrecked. The general
coastwise trade will be aided rather than that of this district, and for
that reason I solicit.your attention to it.
The foregoing are all the points, so far as 1 can learn, at which
additional aids to navigation are needed.
It is probably too late to commence the construction of the beacon at
Plum gut, or the light house at Gardiner's island. The importance of
these structures require their completion at the earliest time practicable.
Although not within this district, I again call the attention of the
Light-house board to the subject of the erection of a light-house between
Montauk point and Fire island.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
S. L. GARDINER.
THORNTON A . JENKINS, E s q . ,
Secretary Light-house Board,
Washington.
No. 20.
Extract from a letter from H. B. Smith, esq., collector of customs at
Pittsburgh,
New York, dated November 1, 1853.
I have the honor to submit, and would most respectfully recommend,
appropriations for the following objects, viz:
1st. $200 for the purpose ol building and placing buoys on Point au
Per reef. This reef is about four miles south of Rouse's point, and is
238
H. Doc. 2.,
about three*fourths of a mile in length. It is located near the centre of
the lake, which at this point is about two miles and a half wide.
Vessels pass on both sides of the Teef, the top of which in low water is
level with the surface of the water.
2d. $100 for the purpose of making and placing buoys on Perry's
Teef, opposite Point au Roche, at which point the lake is very narrow.
This reef lies southeast from the site selected for the light-house to be
erected on Point au Roche, and is about sixty rods long, and is covered
with water, and in bad weather vessels are in great danger of running
on to it.
3d. An appropriation of §75,000 will be required to finish the breakwater at Pittsburgh, according to the original plan of engineers. It is
absolutely necessary that this work should be completed for the protection ot vessels lying at the docks, and to afford a safe harbor for vessels
in bad weather. There is no improvement on the lake more necessary
than this.
4th. $100 for the purpose of making and placing buoys on a reef
between Valcona island and the main shore of the la'ie. This reef is
situated west of and about half-way between the island and the main
land, and is very dangerous.
5th. §100 for the purpose of making and placing buoys on Ferris
reef. T j i s reef is in the main channel between Plattshurgh and Bur*
lington, nearly opposite Port Kent harbor, and is very dangerous in bad
weather for vessels passing through the lakes. This is a small reef or
rock, about thirty or forty feet in diameter, coming near the surface of
the water, and might easily be blasted away and broken down at an
expense not exceeding §2,1)00—which is the true way of disusing of
this rock. There has been a number of vasels materially injured by
running on this rock. Last fall one of the lake steamboats ran on this
reef, and weut down in a few minutes. I would recommend an appropriation of §2,000 for the purpose of breaking down the rock.
6th. §200 for the purpose of making and placing buoys on Schuyler
Island reef, lying between Burlington and Port Douglass. This reef is
about half a mile in length, is very dangerous, and icquires buoys to
mark its particular location.
7th. §6,000 for the purpose of purchasing a site and building a lighthouse on Grown point, near the old fort. A light house is very necessary at this point, to enable vessels to pass with safety through the dark
narrow channel at Chimney point. It is said, by those who are best acquainted with the navigation of Lake Champlain, that a lighthouse is
more necessary at this piint than at any other on the lake.
8th. Au appropriation of §10,000 or §15,000 should be made for working the new steam-dredge at Whitehall. There was an appropriation
made for building the boat, but no appropriation was made for working
it. It is absolutely necessary that the channel near-Whitehall should
be dug and cleaned out, or the navigation will have to be s u s p e n d e d m
a shoit time.
1 would iurther recommend an appropriation of §5,000 for the erection of a light-house upon the Lorth end of Isle La Alotte, which is very
necessary lor the safe navigation of the lake. I have thought proper to
make this recommendation, although the site of the proposed light-house
II. Doc. 3.
239
is not within this district, because its erection is necessary to render
navigation safe.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
I am, gentlemen, very respectfully, yours,
HENRY B. SMITH, Collector, fyc.
To J ^ieut. THORNTON A . JENKINS, U . S . N., and
Capt. E. L. P. HARDCASTLE, U. S. A . ,
Secretaries of Lighthouse Board, Washington, D. C.
No. 21.
COLLECTOR'S OFFICE, SOMERS POINT,
September 30, 1853.
SIR: By the request of those interested in the coasting business, it is
deemed to be of the greatest importance, for the safety of lives and property, that a light house be built on Absecum beach, and a bell buoy be
placed outside of the Absecum bar, in the district of Great Egg harbor,
New Jersey.
i We would ask that the sum of §10,000 be appropriated at the next
session of Congress, and the sum of $3,000 to build and place the said
bell buoy on said bar, making the sum of §13,000.
From your obedient servant,
THOMAS D. WINNER, Collector of Customs.
I ieut. THORNTON A. JENKINS,
Secretary of the Light-house Board.
No. 22.
OFFICE OF FOURTH AND F I F T H LIGHT HOUSE DISTRICTS,
(exclusive of Albemarle and Pamlico sounds,)
Philadelphia, November 1, 1S53.
SIRS: I beg leave to suggest, at the request of the board, communicated in the circular of the 1st of September, the following described aids
to the navigation of Delaware bay.
1. To'substitute a lenticular fixed light of the first order, for the catoptric fixed apparatus now forming the main light at Cape Henlopen.
2. To place a fog-bell at the harbor of the Delaware breakwater.
3. To substitute a light house, with a lenticular revolving or flashing
light of the fourth order, (U. S.) on Cross ledge, for the light-vessel
in the channel off that shoal.
4. To erect a light house, with a lenticular fixed light of the fourth
order (U. S.) on Ship John shoals.
5. To bank in Reedy island, in part or entire. And
6. To place a fog-bell at the Reedy Island light house.
(1.) Cape Henlopen, as the deep water cape of one of the principal
estuaries of the line of the Atlantic coast, calls for a first-class seacoast
light. The numerous accidents that have occurred in corsequence of
the inferiority of the lighting apparatus, from confounding a light which,
from position, should be one of the principal seacoast lights for the
H. Doc. 2.,
240
light-ship off Five Fathom bank, would be wholly avoided by the change
suggested. The elevation of the tower (170 feet) above the level of the
sea is favorable for such an application as that proposed. The light of
the present catoptric apparatus, consisting of eighteen 21-inch reflectors,
it is evident, from the statement of the special Light-house board, (see
printed report, pp. 136, 191,) that in useful etfect it was to the third
order (U S.) of the Brandywine light, as but one to HX cannot penetrate
as far as the visible horizon of such an elevation. The cost of carrying
out the change would be as follows:
For a lenticular apparatus, first order,
fixed
£S,500
For a watch room and lantern
•
4,900
For preparing the tower and receiving the above
1,600
Amount
-
15,000
As it is necessary to illuminate only three-fourths of the horizon at
Cape Henlopen, I would respectfully recommend a fountain lamp, and
that the land quadrant be occupied by holophotal panels, to turn back
the light for distribution in the remaining three-fourths of the arc. I
may also remark, that as the present coping course of the tower is but
four inches thick, a new one, of proper dimensions, may ho required in
fitting on the new lantern. In that case, the amount set down against
the last head will be found none too large.
(2.) The benefits of the harbor of the Delaware breakwater can never
be fully available until the means are supplied, through sound, for entering it in thick and foggy weather, as these are now afforded through
light by sight. Both ends of the principal work should properly be
occupied by a fog-bell; but as the southern or cape end is not yet built
up to the full height, this useful help to navigation should at present be
confined to one at the present light.
(3.) The light-vessel off Cross Ledgeshoal should long since have given
place to a permanent light. On expressing an opinion some years since
of the advantages likely to follow such a change, in the presence of one
of the then representatives in Congress from tliis city, he requested me
to address a letter to him upon the subject. I should here say I had an
object, apart from improving the aids to the navigation of the bay, in
suggesting this change, in making available the caisson and stone provided for the Brandywine, the plan of which had been changed to one
of screw-piles, which would otherwise be sold at great loss. From this
letter, dated the 2lst of April, 1&18, I beg leave to extract the following,
as embodying the views then entertained in reference to the change in
saving that the
question, as no less applicable now than
caisson has long since passed into other hands:
" T h e considerations which commend the proposed
to the
favorable notice of Congress, beyond those arising from a saving to the
public of valuable property otherwise destined to be sold at a ruinous
sacrifice, are found in the advantages of a permanent over a floating
light. These consist, first, in the light being always in position;
whereas the floating light, besides being removed at times for repairs,
liable to be driven off from its station by stress of weather at the very
time of all ethers (the seasons of storms and running ice) when these
very useful beacons are of most importance to the mariner; and, secona
a t
t h a t
t i m e ,
m e a s u r e
II. Doc. 3.
241
m the rcduced cost of maintaining such a light over a floating o n e known, from experience, a3 about one-third only, without taking into
account the charge for renewal of such lights "
°
The Cross ledge is on the eastern side of ihe main ship channel, and
about fourteen and a half statute miles, measured to the lower end in six
feet at low water, above the Brandywine light, correspondingly situated
on the lower end of the shoal of that name. A revolving or floating
light would effectually distinguish it from the fixed light of the Brandy.
wine, and the light recommended under the fourth head on Ship John
shoal, which should also be a fixed light. As a channel light, the
period of obscuration should of course be very short. The position of
the shoal, depth of water, and nature of the bottom, all point to the
pneumatic pile to secure a foundation for the structure, which, byselecting a point seaward, as proposed, would be protected by the interposition
of th6 crest of the shoal from the heavy running ice borne on the ebb
current from above, and thus supersede in part, if not altogether, the
necessity for any costly works to guard against its destructive effects.
The probable cost of the structure can only be based on a well-matured plan, including details. The greater exposure, the use of a different pile, and the absence of all experience in like works, in case of the
Brandywine, to say nothing of a full ice protection for that light, will
hardly serve a3 a criterion on which to found even an approximate estimate. Thirty thousand dollars may, however, be named as likely to
cover the cost.
(4.) Ship John shoal, the next point in ascending the bay which should
be occupied by a light, is also on the eastern side of the main ship-channel, and about twelve statute miles. Assuming a seven-foot lump as the
proper position above the site selected for the light on Cross Ledge shoal,
it will be found, on examination of the coast survey chart of the Delaware, to protrude somewhat beyond the general line of the shoal ground
bounding the channel on that side; which circumstance, in connexion
with the small depth of water and lumpy and hard character of the bottom, renders it highly desirable that it should be distinctly marked at all
times. There is no reason to doubt the applicability of the atmospheric
pile for this structure also. The cost, from the position being further
removed from the sea, would not probably be as great as the cost of the
light on the Cross ledge, unless indeed it should require, from the
prominence of the site on the line of the channel, more costly works for
protection against the ice, which would sweep close along by it at every
ebb and flow of the tide. A selection of a position more retired on the
lower slope of the shoal may be occupied with less exposure; but by this
change the light would be less of a leading light, and in so much not
as well subserve the purposes of navigation.
The distances from the main ship-channel of the lights on either shore
of the Delaware below Ship John shoals, are so great, varying as they
do from six to ten miles, as to afford little or no assistance to vessels passing through that channel. They were erected, indeed, with no reference
to the wants of general commerce, but solely with a view to the local
trade in each case. The only dependence, until late ) ears, in the run up
the bay, on entering the capes at night, was in the light-vessels off the
Brandywine and Cross Ledge shoals; and these, it is well known, if not
taken off their stations; were driven off during the season of storms and
242
H. Doc. 2.,
running ice. T h e first has been superseded by the light-house erectcd
on the shoal; and were the recommendations now made in reference to
Cross Ledge and Ship John shoals carried into effect, the very difficult
navigation of the bay would be made comparatively safe and easy; as a
vessel taking the principal channel would always, in the ordinary condition ol the atmosphere, be in sight of a leading light between Cape Henlopen and Reedy island, as will appear from the following statement of
distances:
Cape Henlopen light to Brandy wine light
1-J.J statute miles.
Brandy wine light to Cross Ledge shoal
11J
do.
Cross Ledge shoal to Ship John shoal
12^
do.
Ship John shoal to Reedy Island light
17^
do.
Should it be desired still further to aid the navigation, the last distance may be divided by occupying Siston's point, the lowest point at
which the main channel runs close to the shore, six miles below Reedy
island.
(5.) The object of banking in Reedy island is to get rid of the growth
of reeds, which, when dry and fired, endanger, on the prevalence of certain winds, the keeper's house and out-houses of the light-house station
on the lower end of the isiand. To bank the ten acres understood to be
owned by the United States will cost as follows:
3,300 feet of embankment, at 50 cents
SI>650
Contingencies, 10 per centum
105
1,815
The general level of the island is about eighteen inches above ordinary high water. The soil would almost at once produce crops of grass
or corn, and rent probably for ten dollars an acre ; thus affording a fund
for the improvement of the place, or in so much to reduce the salary of
the keeper, or as a perquisite to him, as may be considered best. There
are, however, more collateral advantages growing out of the proposed
measure, which should in any event be carried out.
(6.) The absence of any means to point out in thick and foggy weather
the position of the lower end of Reedy island, is a source or much annoyance and some hazard to vessels ascending the bay, particularly to
the steamers which ply regularly between the city and ports below the
island, and which would be obviated by the use ol a fog-bell at that point.
This fog-bell, as well as the one for the harbor of the Delaware breakwater, and those for the establishment of the proposed light stations at
Cross ledge and Ship John shoals, should all, as a matter of course, be
struck by clock machinery, and in such manner as to make them easily
distinguished one from another.
In the foregoing suggestions I have omitted to notice the new ice harbor on the east side of Reedy island, as I presume tho officer in charge
of that important auxiliary to the navigation of the Delaware during the
winter will call attention to the subjects f lighting it.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
IIARTAIAN BACHE,
Major Topographical Engineers, Brevet Major in charge>
Lieut. THORNTON A. JENKINS, U. S. IS\,
Brevet Capt. EDMOND L. F . HARDCASTLE, U. S* A . ,
Secretaries Light-house Board, Washington, D. G.
II. Doc. 3.
243
No. 23.
O F F I C E 4TII AND 5TH LIGHT-HOUSE DISTRICTS,
( exclusive of Albemarle mid Pamlico Sounds,)
Philadelphia, November 1 1 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIRS: As a portion of a semi-official letter just received from Major
John Sanders (corps of engineers) refers to one of the objects noticed in
the enclosed communication, in answer to the call for suggestions for
improving the aids to navigation, I beg leave to make the following extract from it for the information of the board: ct 1 wish to call your attention to the necessity of a beacon-light on the outer pier of the lower
line of our new harbor to the east of Reedy island. This pier is now
constructing and will be finished this season. The corresponding one
of the upper line will not be commenced until we have a new appropriation."
I have the honor to be, sirs, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H A R T M A N 13 A C H E ,
Maj. Topographical Engs., Brevet Maj. and Eng. in charge.
Lieut. THORNTON A . JENKINS, U . S . N . ,
Brevet Capt. EDMOND L. F . HARDCASTLE, U. S. A.,
Sectaries of Light house Board, Washington, D. C.
No, 24.
ENGINEER DEPARTMENT,
Washington, October 26, 1853.
GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to communicate, for the information of
the Light-house board, the enclosed extract from the report to this department of Major John Sanders, of the corps of engineers, dated the 21st
Inst., on the construction of a harbor on the east side of Reedy island,
in reference to establishing a beacon-light on one of the outer piers of
*hat harbor.
Very respectfully, your most obedient servant,
JOS. G. TOTTEN,
Bt. Brig. Gen. U. S. Engs.
T o t h e SECRETARIES OF T H E LIGHT-HOUSE BOARD.
Extract from the report to the Engineer department of Bt. Major John
Sandersj of the corps of engineers, dated the 21 st of October, on the
construction of a harbor on the east side of Reedy island, Port Perm7
Delaware.
u
The safety of vessels navigating the river at night will require a
beacon light to be kept on one of the outer piers. I would suggest that
*he attention of the Light-house board be called to his subject."
244
II. Doc. 3.
No. 25.
Extracts from a communication of the Philadelphia Board of Trade to
the Collector of Customs at Philadelphia.
PHILADELPHIA, October 15, 1853.
SIR: The committee of the Board of Trade on the lights, buoys, har.
bors, and the navigation of the Delaware, to whom your letter was referred, beg leave to state that the necessity existing for the erection of
additional lights and buoys, in order to improve the navigation of the
Delaware, has been for some time past under their consideration, and
from a careful examination of the subject, and consultation with some
of our most experienced pilots and navigators, the committee earnestly
recommend as follows:
1st. A light house on the lower part of the Ledge shoal, to be of the
same height and construction as that now on the Brandywine shoal, but
showing a revolving light, to distinguish it from the Brandywine light.
A light is much needed in this dangerous part of the bay, particularly
during the winter season, when the floating light is removed on account
of the drift ice, there being now no doubt (from the success of the construction of the Brandywine light house) that a similar construction ou
this shoal would be permanent, particularly when it is known that part
of this shoal is frequently bare at low water.
2d. A light on the lower pier of the new harbor, eastern side of
Reedy island, to show a red light to distinguish it from those of passing
vessels, and to be placed on the extreme outer pier, which is situated
near the channel, a distance of 800 feet from the s h o r e , and is very
dangerous at night. This light would also be of great service in navigating this part of the river.
3d. A light on Reedy point, in order to point out the fair way when
approaching the Pea-patch shoal. This light to be of moderate height,
and to show two lights, one above the other; the lower light to be
bright red, which will prevent the upper light from being mistaken for
those on board of vessels.
4th. A large boat or nun-buoy, with proper distinguishing marks, on
the southwest point of the over falls at the entrance of the bay. Thid
buoy would mark the eastern edge of the channel, and would beol
much service.
•
#
*
*
#
•
*
11th. Cape Henlopen light house to be renovated and fitted with a
lens apparatus of first order, with a revolving or flashing light, instead
of a fixed light, as at present, so that it cannot be mistaken for the fixed
light on Five-fathom bank, which has been frequently the case, thereby
causing the loss of many ships, viz: Tuscarora, Swatard, Walter,
The light on Cape May, now a revolving light, to be changed to a fixed
light.
12th. A large bell buoy to be placed on Fenwick Island shoal. Tn«
shoal is situated. 20 miles south by east of Cape Henlopen, 6 mile*
distant from the beach, with 12 feet water on it, and is much in t l i e
way of passing vessels.
~
13th. A large buoy on McCrea's shoal. This shoal is situated on
Cape May, and is in the way of pissing vessels.
^Uts
14th. A large buoy on the northeast part of the Five-fethom bank.
II. Doc. 3.
245
5s a very dangerous shoal, and is constantly approached at this point by vessels arriving from Europe. The light-boat lies from one to two miles west
of this shoal, and therefore is but little service to vessels inward bound.
15th. That as most of the buoys in the bay and river are small, they
should be replaced with those of larger size.
16th. That authority should be given to the superintendent of the
buoys on this station to remove immediately, when practicable, all
wrecks when sunk in or near the channel, or place buoys on them to
warn vessels passing. .
17th. That from 15th December until 1st March all the can-buoys
from the Ledge shoal to the city shall be replaced with spar-buoys, they
being so much less liable to be taken out of place by drift ice.
18th. To remove the superintendence of the lights and buoys from
the collector at Wilmington to the collector of Philadelphia, as very few
vessels passing through the bay go into that port; and consequently the
collector there cannot obtain any information diiect from pilots or others
relative to the neglect of duty of light keepers, or the misplacing or drifting of buoys.
The committee also call the attention of the Light-house board to
the fact that the Delaware river and bay are among the most intricate
and difficult of navigation of any of the rivers and bays of the United
States; and as the distance from the ocean is so great, ocean steamers are
compelled to navigate the bay and river at night, in order to compete in
time with the lines of other ports; therefore the want of a sufficiency of
liqhts and buoys is much felt and complained of.
Philadelphia already has six lines of ocean steamers, all of which are
compelled to navigate the bay and river at night; and although the
greatest care and caution are always used, yet running on shore is of
frequent occurrence.
The number of vessels navigating the Delaware is very great. Independently of those engaged in the foreign and general coasting trade,
the statistics of the government show that the tonnage of the boat trade
alone exceeds that of the whole foreign commerce of New York.
These facts will make apparent to the Light-house board the benefit
which will be conferred on the commerce of the port of Philadelphia by
carrying out the suggestions herein made, as it will enable vessels to pass
the dangerous points in the bay and river by night as well as by day, and
thus materially diminish the time now occupied in their navigation.
Under the old light-house system of the government, nothing could
be obtained toward aiding the navigation of the Delaware. On the
establishing of the Light-house board, the Board of Trade, being well
aware from the frequent representations made to their body of the de :
fects and wants of the mercantile community, appointed some months
since a committee to examine into the matter.
The committee, therefore, after having carefully considered the subject, earnestly recommend that the lights and buoys mentioned should
be placed in the Delaware, believing them to be of present necessity.
JNO. R. PENROSE,
FRANCIS R. COPE,
SAM'L C. MORTON,
Committee.
CHABLES BROWN, E s q . ,
Collector of the port of Philadelphia.
246
H. Doc, &
The above report having been submitted to and read before the
directors of the PhiladelphmBoard of Trade at their last stated meeting,
held on Monday evening, the 17th instant, " it was formally approved,
and ordered to be transmitted, through the collector of the port, to the
United States Light-house board. n
Attest:
F R E D ' I v W\
GRAYSON,
Secretary of the Board of Directors.
No. 26.
Extracts from the report of Lieutenant A. M. Pcnnock,
Inspector.
Light-house
I would recommend that an appropriation be asked for four buoys to
be placed on the shoals off Cherrystone; one for the tail of the southeast
and one for the tail of the southwes-t spits making off from New Point
Comfort; four for York spit and river; two at the entrance of Peankatank
liver; two for the Great Wicomico river, Virginia; one in Chesapeake
bay, a mile and a quarter east of Stingray point; five additional ones for
the Rappahannock; one on a wreck in Chesapeake bay, about five miles
southeast from Smith's Point light-boat; and one on the spit of Drum
point.
I beg leave to call the attention of the board to the dilapidated condition of Smith's Point light-house. The entire illuminating apparatus
requires renewing. The iron frame which supports the lamps is so weak
that no great effort would be required to shake it down. T h e tower is
badly cracked, and not more than thirty-five feet from the edge of the
bank, which is fast giving way. To put this establishment in order the
cost would be great. With a view to economy and utility, I recommend
that a first class screw-pile light-house be built near the end of the spit
making off from that point. "Such a guide would do away entirely with
the necessity of the light-boat stationed there, and the present light* house
could be abandoned.
1 recommend also a small screw-pile light-house to be placed on one
of the numerous shoals near the entrance of the intricate channel leading
into Cherrystone harbor, in the county of N o r t h a m p t o n , Virginia. As
there are no lights on that side of the Eastern shore, it would be of great
service to vessels beating up and down the bay.
A small light should be placed on Drum point, inside of the Pptuxent river. Vessels of all classes take a d v a n t a g e o f this lee, and m
thick weather several have brought up on the spit making off from the
point.
A small light on the end of the naval hospital wharf, opposite Norfolk,
would prove of great service. It would guide vessels clear of Spinner s
and Lambert's points, making it safe for them to run up the darkest,
night.
Accompanying this report is a petition to Congress, from the underwriters and some of the principal shipping merchants of Baltimore, asking for light-houses on Sandy point, Chesapeake bay, and False cape.
II.Doc.3.
247
Princess Ann county, Virginia. I strongly recoiimend it to the favorable consideration of the board.
The yearly shipwrecks and loss of life at or near False cape speak
volumes in its favor. The signers of this petition desire it to be presented to Congress at such time and in such manner as may be deemed
most advisable.
The appropriation for a light on Stingray point is too small. It is evident that a small light should be there, from the number of vessels that
run on the spit. Strangers frequently keep out in the bay during the
night, fearing to enter either the Rappahannock or Peankatank rivers; to
both of which this light would serve as a guide.
I am of the opinion that the beacon for Naylor's hole, for which an
appropriation was made, if erected, would prove rather detrimental than
beneficial. It would have to be so placed that in a dark night vessels
would be in great danger of running into it, and, being a fixture,
some damage might ensue. As a guide at this locality need be seen
only a short dis'anee, I recommend that two buoys be substituted.
They could be placed so as to serve for a guide through the narrow
channel.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
A. Bl. PENNOCK,
Light-house
Inspector.
No. 27.
CUSTOM-HOUSE, GEORGETOWN, D . C . ,
October 8, 1853.
SIR: I have the honor to state that, from information received from
merchants of this district engaged in the foreign and coasting trade, it
would add greatly to the safety and facility of vessels navigating the
Potomac river from Georgetown, D. C., to Alexandria, Va., to have the
channel of the river either staked or buoyed out between those towns.
Very respectfully,
ROBERT WHITE,
Collector.
H o n . J . GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the
Treasury.
No.
28.
EASTVILLE, September 30, 1853.
In reply to your circular of September 1 , 1 8 5 3 , asking
for a description of such aids as may be required to navigation in this
district, I most respectfully submit, that I have sought information from
the most reliable seamen of my acquaintance, all of whom unite in
recommending that a light boat should be placed at the Point of Shoals,
which is at the entrance of both King's creek and Cherrystone, i. e.
at the fork of these two creeks. These creeks are navigable for large
GENTLEMEN:
II. Doc. 3.
248
vessels, and the principal shipping from and to Northampton county is
earned on on them. The steamer William Selden also enters Cherrystone twice a week with the United States mail. They cannot be entered, either at night or in a fog, on account of the dangerous shoals near
their channels; and it is thought a light-boat, with a fog bell, would
remedy this great bar to the convenience and interest of this community.
Theie is also a shoal known as the Middle Ground, which is dangerous to vessels passing up and down the eastern side of the bay, which
could be avoided by the aid of a light boat and fog-bell at the aforementioned point.
I am also informed that a buoy at the westward entrance of Cherrystone creek would be vastly beneficial. Wrecks have happened upon
the Middle Ground shoal, and there is always great liability of danger
from that shoal. Pungoteague creek is of equal importance, and simi*
larly situated to King creek and Cherrystone; a light boat is required
there, and, if I mistake not, Lieutenant Pennock "informed me it was
contemplated to place one there. I have had no opportunity cf obtaining information with regard to any other part of the district, but I believe Lieutenant Pennock hss lately visited nearly every part of it, and
can give you the desired information. That part of the district embracing Apatague light-house is under the inspection of Lieutenant
McBlair, and is very remote from me. I can give 110 information in
regard to it.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JNO. S. PARKER,
Collector} fyc.,for the district of Cherrystone.
THORNTON A . JENKINS a n d
EDMOND L . F , HARDCASTLE,
Esqs.,
Secretaries of Light house Board,
Washington,
D.
0.
No. 29.
COAST SURVEY
Washington,
Wednesday,
OFFICE,
November
30,1S53.
have received your note inquiring the locality of Sandy
point, Chesapeake bay.
I don't know but that there may be more than one Sandy point, but
the one which is referred to, I am inclined to think, is at C h e r r y s t o n e
inlet, on the eastern side of Chesapeake bay, about nine miles to the
northward of Cape Charles. If Mr. Wise or Mr. Baily has made application in regard to it to the Light-house board, this is the place.
Next to Pungoteague creek, which is about 25 miles to the n o r t h w a r d ,
Cherrystone is the best harbor on the southeastern
Chesapeake
bay. The steamer runs there twice a week from Norfolk; and if
contemplated air-line railroad from New York to the south is c o n s t r u c t e d ,
here will be the steamboat landing by which to connect south across,
the Chesapeake.
The kind of light required here is exactly the same as the one inquired at Pungoteague; there being an immense bar, or rather flat, eX-*
DEAR S I R :
I
p a r t
o f
II. Doc. 3.
249
tending out on the port hand, which it is important to avoid on entering, and which a light would effectually subserve.
By making application to the office, a sketch or tracing of my survey
"would no doubt be furnished you.
Very truly, yours,
JOHN J. ALMY,
Lieut.
Lieut.
Comd'g and Assist, in the U. S. Coast Survey
T . A . JENKINS,
Secretary
of the Light-house
Board.
No. 30.
CUSTOM-HOUSE O F F I C E ,
Yorfctow?i} Fa., September 19, 1853.
GENTLEMEN:
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
#
* .
*
A light is indispensably necessary at the York
spit. The soundings on the east side of the spit are gradual, and vessels
are easily warned of danger. But not so on the southwest point. The
soundings up to the point are eight fathoms water, and ihe next instant
vessels strike on a hard sand-bank. On the opposite side of the spit, the
Egg Island shoals, and Jew's-Marshes point, present another obstacle
to safe navigation. Many vessels have been injured, and some wrecked,
on these two points. At night, in a gale of wind, vessels are prevented
from making the safe harbor of York river, by the danger of running
either upon the spit or the Egg Island shoals, and are compelled to run
all risk in the Chesapeake bay. In addition to the above mentioned,
several masters of vessels, who have for years sailed up this river, have
suggested the importance of a buoy being placed at Green point, and
one at Sandy point, up the river. With the latter I am quite familiar.
There are there sunken oyster-rocks—positions of which only are visible
at very low tides. With the light-boat, and the buoys at the points
severally designated, the navigation of this river, from the bay to its
source, would become perfectly safe and easy for any class of ships or
vessels, in the day or night, under any circumstances, and in any sort of
weather. I do sincerely hope the department will take this subject into
serious consideration; and that these much-needed improvements, to
which the people here have looked to in vain for years past, will now be
accomplished, when the commerce of York river is rapidly increasing
in importance. The accompanying documents exhibit the opinion of
some of the most respectable and intelligent portion of this community,
which I have deemed necessary to add to my suggestions.
I have the honor to be, gentlemen, very respectfully, your obedient
servant,
PHILIP J. BARZIZA, Collector.
To Messrs. THORNTON A. J E N K I N S ,
EDMOND L . F
HARDCASTLE,
Secretaries of Light-house
Board.
II. Doc. 3.
250
No. 31.
CUSTOM-HOUSE, NEWUEUN,
Collector's
Office, September
13, 1853.
GENTLEMEN : There is at this time £?reat
m e n a b o u t stakeage; they all agree that it
complaints among seafaring
is very difficult to keep the
stakes up at the different points of shoal. They all concur also in opinion
that it would be better to have buoys placed at the f o l l o w i n g places, viz:
Piney point, Garbacon, Wilkesbarre point, Cherry point, Otter creek,
Hamilton shoal, Johnson's point, Fort point, Hanging point, Straddle
and Green Spring pbint,
Very respectfully, your obodient servant,
T H 0 3 . S. S I N G L E T O N ,
THORNTON A . JENKINS,
EDMOND L. F HARDCASTLE,
Collector.
Esqs.,
Officers of Light-house
Board.
No. 32.
CUSTOMHOUSE, ELIZABETH C I T V , N . C . ,
September
23,1853.
SIRS : The only object brought specially to my notice is the erection
of a light house at Roanoke marshes, for which purpose a memorial has
been circulated, and, I understand, numerously signed by those interested in shipping. The memorialists represent that there was a lighthouse at the marshes some years ago; that owing to the refusal of
the government to pay the exorbitant price demanded by the owner for
the land upon which it was located, and his persistence in refusing to
surrender it except at such exorbitant price, the government determined
to discontinue it; that the absence of a light at that point net only
exposes vessels and their cargoes to the dangers of the shoals, but also
seriously delays them in their voyages; that in thick and foggy weather
such light would enable them to pass through the " Narrows" without
obstruction or detention, and to reach a harbor secure from boisterous
weather, to which they are at present expo?ed ; that there is no light
within many miles of the proposed light; that the former site can now
be purchased at a moderate price ; and that there is a building upon it
which could readily, and at very small cost, be converted into a suitable
light-house. This memorial will doubtless be forwarded in a short time.
From the representations that have been made to me by well-informed
gentlemen, I feel warranted in commending this subject to your favorable consideration.
I have the honor to b e , very respectfully, your obedient servant,
L. D. STARKE, Collector.
Lieut. THORNTON A. JENKINS*
Brevet Capt. EDMOND L. F ; HARDCASTLE,
Secretaries
of Light
house
Board.
II. Doc. 3.
251
No. 33.
CUSTOM-HOUSE, E L I Z A B E T H C I T Y , N . C ; ,
October —,
——.
SIR: I transmit herewith the memorial of many persons interested in
navigation for a light-house at Roanoke marshes, in this district.
From the best information I can gather from the most experienced and
reliable captains of vessels, 1 am induced to regard this as a very indispensable aid to navigation, more so than any other that could be suggested in this State, or perhaps any other.
In addition to the representations of the memorialists, I deem it only
necessary to state, that the open area of water in the sound at the entrance
of the narrow passage through the marshes is represented to be twenty
miles wide, while the passage itself is only some three or four hundred
yards in width; that there are no high lands or trees by which to direct
the course of ships; that there is no light in the vicinity; that the sound
is very much exposed and dangerous; and that it is always difficult, and
frequently impossible, to effect an entrance into the narrow passage
alluded to, at night or in thick, foggy weather.
Very respectfully, sir, your obedient servant,
L. D. STARKE.
Superintendent
Lieut.
of
Lights.
THORNTON A . JENKINS,
Secretary Light house Board.
No. 34.
Extracts from report of Capt. D. P . Woodbury, Lighthouse
S I X T H DISTRICT, October
Inspector.
15, 1853.
An open wooden tower, like the beacons recently proposed for
Charleston harbor, near Federal Point light—the two to range nearly
with the light-vessel on Horseshoe shoal—the object being to dispense
with that light-vessel altogether; it is of little use. Vessels going up
from Smithville pass over the foot of Horseshoe shoal by following the
range of Price's Creek lights until they come to a buoy a little below the
light-vessel, when they turn and take their course up the river.
The light-vessel is of some use at night in finding the buoy or turning
point. The proposed Federal Point range, by its intersection with
Price's Creek range, would give the turning point with still more accuracy. The light vessel is also of little use at night for vessels coming
down the river ; but its place in that particular will be fully supplied, I
believe, by the Cape Fear light proposed below.
The proposed beacon should be about three hundred yards from'Federal
Point light, would be tended by the same keeper, and the annual cost
would of course be small compared with that of the light-vessel.
Estimated cost of the proposed beacon, with three lamps and
reflectors, including site
§1,500
For an enclosed wooden lantern, and a fixed light with three
reflectors, on top of Charleston beacon, and steps leading
thereto
1,000
252
II.Doc.3.
The light—two lamps and reflectors in a small lantern—is raised by a
windlass, and must of course be letdown one or more times every night
for trimming. The tower is five feet six inches square inside, and nine
feet three inches square outside, at the base. It is open at the top, but
covered with a roof supported by four posts resting on the top of the
tower. The steps must be on the outside of the tower, and a small
storm house must be made in the rear of the proposed framed lantern.
For rebuilding Sullivan's Island beacons and placing in each
three fixed lamps and 21-inch Teflectors at a suitable elevation, in place of the present single lamp and 15-inch reflector,
moving up and down a mast
$3,000
For purchase of site and erection of keeper's house
3,000
6,000
For a lens light of the sixth order, with the necessary fixtures,
to be placed on top of the walls of Fort Sumpter, on the
eastern side
$1,000
This light, and the new light to be erected on the battery, will range
with the bar of the north channel, which vessels are not able to cross at
night for the want of such aid.
Tybee Island knoll light-vessel might be replaced by a small lighthouse on a neighboring shoal, but I present no estimate at the present
time.
For five iron buoys for St. Helena bar, with cables and sinkers $3,000
There are now three buoys on this bar—two of them oil-casks. The
necessity of the new buoys—two of them to take the place of the oilcasks—is urged by the collector at Beaufort, South Carolina, and was
pointed out to me by the captain of one of the Savannah and Charleston steamers.
There are doubtless other points in this district, particularly in Georgia
and Florida, where buoys would be of great service, but I am unable io
point them out at the present time*
No. 35.
SMITHVIIXE, BRUN3\VICK C O . , N . C . ,
October 22, 1853.
SIR: In my letter of the 15th instant I recommended a beacon-light
near Federal Point light-house, in view of discontinuing the light-ship
on Horseshoe shoal. Yesterday I enclosed a copy of a letter from the
chairman of the commissioners of navigation, Wilmington, relating to
that subject. I now subjoin an extract from a letter just received from
the collector at Wilmington, bearing on the same.
You will see that the light-ship is regarded as of little use by those
persons whose opinions are entitled to most respect, as representing the
classes most interested.
II. Doc. 3.
253
I have asked for an appropriation; but without waiting for that, I
would like to receive directions to put up the proposed beacon and then
discontinue the light-vessel.
I have all necessary apparatus here, having spare (dismounted) lamps
and reflectors at Price's creek and Oak island. I don't think the whole
cost of the beacon, complete, will exceed $800.
* It will be similar to the proposed Charleston beacons, of the same size
at top, but not so high. I would like much to put it up, as a means of
gaining experience, before putting up the higher Charleston beacons.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,D. P. WOODBURY,
Light house
T
Inspector.
A . JENKINS, E s q . ,
Secretary Light house Board,
Washington,
D.
C.
WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA,
October 18, 1853.
Your communication with regard to the removal of the
light-boat, and the substitution of a range of lights on Federal point,
was duly received, and laid befoie the " commissioners of navigation"
at their last regular meeting.
The board see but one objection to the change which you propose.
From Or ton point to the turn of the channel, as indicated by the range
of lights at Price's creek, the light-boat furnishes the only guide to
vessels going down the river at night. If the light-boat is removed
there will be no guide, and you propose nothing to supply the deficiency.
I am instructed by the board to say, however, that for reasons obvious
to you they attach but little importance to this objection, and regard
it as much more than counterbalanced by the benefits which will unquestionably result from the change.
There is but little navigation down the river at night—that little is
confined to a small class of vessels; and the board are inclined to believe
that they may be very easily guided by the lights which are now in use.
The board have delayed their action on this matter, that they might
have full and free conversation with pilots and shipmasters in whom
they had confidence. They have done so, and find no one to differ
from the opinion expressed above.
DEAR SIR:
With sentiments of high regard, your obedient servant,
ROB'T IL
COWAN,
Chairman,
Capt. D. P.
§*c.
WOODBURY,
United States
Engineers.
No. 36.
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE,
Washington,
N. C., Sept. 29, 1853.
SIR: I have to state that I have made all the inquiry in my power,
and am enabled to state that there is nothing required as aids to naviga
II. Doc. 3.
254
tion in this district, unless the Light-house board should deem it
advisable to supply the deficiency that now exists in stakes, by
placing buoys in their stead, I have conversed with captains and pilots
in reference to this matter, and their united opinion is in favor of buoys,
as better and more permanent marks to navigation. I have made the
inquiry as to the number that would be required in addition to those
now in use, and find that ten additional buoys would answer for Neuse
river; thirty for Pamlico river and the sound as far as Mattamuskeet;
ten for Ocracoke inlet; and fifty for Core sound—making in all 104
buoys. The cost of the buoys and iron-work (not including sinkers)
would be about S15 or $1G; and one person making such a quantity, I
doubt not, it could be done for even less. Should 1 know of any other
improvement I will inform the board immediately.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
H. F HANCOCK,
Superintendent.
Lieut.
THORNTON A . JENKINS,
Secretary.
No. 37*
Extract from ttco petitions, numerously signed, of citizcns of the United
States, and owners of vessels, carriers, merchants, planters,
factors}
residing in the State of South
Carolina.
In view of these facts, and in order to remedy the evils complained of,
your petitioners would respectfully suggest, and pray your honorable
body to establish, a light-house and corresponding beacon-light on the
main land at North Edisto; and also two buoys at the North Edisto
inlet; to remove the St. Helena light ship from iu present position to
Cornbahee bank, for the purpose of enabling vessels (particularly at
night or during foggy weather) to clear a very dangerous shoal; to
establish a light-house and corresponding beacon-light in the stead of
the St. Helena light ship, on the northern point o f Hunting i s l a n d , to
range for the Swash channel; and six large buoys to be placcd on the
points of the large dry shoals that are in the sound and about the bar.
Also, that the light-ship, now at "Martin's Industry," b e r e m o v e d to
Grenadier shoal, entrance of Calibogue sound, with a range beacon to
be placed up Calibogue sound, to be used in connexion with said lightship ; and that, in the place of the said light-ship, another, with a
lamp of twice the illuminating power, be established at " Martin's Industry." And also to establish a l i g h t h o u s e and a c o r r e s p o n d i n g
beacon-light for Port Royal entrance, "to be located in the n e i g h b o r hood of Hilton Head; and five buoys fcr Port Royal bare and harbor.
II. Doc. 3.
255
No. 38.
DISTRICT OF S T . J O H N ' S ,
Port of Jacksonville,
September 29, 1853.
Sm : In reply to circular of Light house board of the 1st instant, in
relation to aids to navigation, 1 have the honor to report, that in my
opinion, based on the information I can obtain, the navigation of the St.
John's rivor and bar might be considerably improved by the following
aids to those existing at present, viz :
1st. A beacon or range light to be placed to the eastward of the present
light, to range with the same, to assist in crossing the bar, so constructed on rollers that it may range at all times with the large lieht, to
be moved by two hands; the cost of which will not exceed §1,500, exclusive of lantern.
2d. Two buoys (copper sparred) to be placed at the narrows of Brown
island ; also two at the Corwin shoals near Dame's point, on St. John's
river ; also two near Dunn Creek flats, on said river; also some stakes
or beacons at different points of the Marsh islands, on said river, the
cost of which will be trifling. The reason for recommending sparbuoys is, that vessels can pass over them without dragging them adrift;
reason lor coppering is on acccount of worms.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J A M E S G. D E L L ,
To Lieut.
THORNTON
A.
Secretary Light-house
Collector.
JENKINS,
Board,
Washington,
D.
C.
No. 38.
Extract from a letter from Dr. A.
Baldwin to General J. G„ Totten,
chief engineer, dated Jacksonville, November 3, 1S53.
Since I last wrote you, I have been informed by residents near tho
mouth of the river that considerable damage to the light house grounds
has been sustained from the encroachments of the river upon that side ;
and you will recollect that the plan presented by me contemplated the
arrest of this encroachment as one of its results, and one of the appropriations fjr carrying it out was obtained in the light-house appropriation
bill. I mention this as a furiher inducement for prompt action in this
matter ; but I bfgyou not to understand me as urging it upon your
attention in the spirit of complaining at the delay which has occurred,
but simply as a fact with which you had not probably been made acquainted before. 1 know your mind is occupied with a multiplicity
of business, pressing upon you in all directions; hence I have felt it.my
duty to inform you of this new fact, as requiring action on the score of
economy in the expenditure of the public funds, for it is very evident
that the expenditure will be increased the longer the causes which* are
washing away this bank of the river are allowed to operate. In my
humble opinion, the time is not distant when the present stratum will
be destroyed, if the causes now in operation for its destruction are not
256
II. Doc. 3.
soon arrested; and I fully believe they can be permanently removed,
and I feel sanguine of being able to make this apparent to the members
of ihe commission who may be appointed to examine this subject.
No. 39.
Extract from a letter from Lieutenant H. G. Wright, corps of engineers,
to the secretaries of the Light house Board, Washington, I). C.} dated
Garden Key, Fla., November 1, IS53.
Light house at ihe mouth of the St. John's river, Florida.—An appro-
priation of $10,000 was made in 1852 for the protection of the site of
this light, on which the sea had been fast encroaching for some years;
a survey of the environs was made in connexion with that for the improvement of the bar of the river, and the causes of the encroachment
carefully examined. It was believed that the process of encroachment
was working its own remedy, by forming a hank in advance of the
beach, which would, in a short time, effectually destroy the action of
the waves on what was then the shore-line; at any rate, that the buildings were secure for some time to come. That in case the encroachment
should continue to progress, so as to endanger the safety of the structures,
it would be better to change the locality of the light than to a t t e m p t the
protection of the present one. The present tower is too low to be seen
by vessels close in-shore to the southward of the entrance; and as its
walls are hollow, it is doubtful whether it would be safe to add to its
height. It will soon need considerable repairs; and the d w e l l i n g , which
is nearly buried in sand, will, before long, require a considerable expenditure for repairs to make it habitable. All these reasons induced me to
recommend a new tower and dwelling, in a better location, rather than
protect and repair the present ones. A plan was submitted for stopping
the encroachment of the sea, but its adoption was not re j o m m e n d e d for
the reasons given.
No. 40.
S T . AUGUSTINE, F L O R I D A , November
5 , 1853.
GENTLEMEN-: In accordance with a circular from the office of the
Light-house board, directing me to furnish the annual memoir in relation
to the condition of the site of the light-house at the mouth of the St.
John's river, Florida, I have the honor to report that I visited the locality on the 1st instant, and transmit herewith the result of my observation.
This site is a portion of a long and narrow sand-beach, which forms
the right bank of the river near its mouth, having to the rear an extensive marsh, through which the water circulates in small c h a n n e l s , and
which is flooded almost entirely in very high tides. The waters withm
this space communicate with the river by several inlets, of two of which
only it is of present concern to speak. One of these, some distance
east of the light-house—by the acrion of the currents flowing through
it, taken in conjunction with that of the waves upon the bank of the
river—has caused a long spit to be formed parallel and exterior to tne
shore, and extending so far as to be opposite; at its western extremity* to
II. Doc. 3.
257
ihe keeper's house. The other inlet serves as a channel for the waters
at tides "only above the average, and is contiguous to, and directly west
of, the keeper's house.
Prom this house to the shore extends one range of sand hills; from
the light house to the shore there is another range; and about two hundred and fifty feet to ihe east of the light a third is to be found. The
two valleys thus formed are in danger of becoming, in the space of a few
years, 1 wo other inlets, bv the formation of which the present site will
be entirely destroyed. These valleys, being channels for the winds, are
excavated by its action everv day; that one directly east of the keeper's
house having become* three feet deeper, for some distance back from the
river bank, since April last, while at ihe same time the waters have
gained about thirty feet along the front of the site most exposed, during
the same interval.
The spit above mentioned has been broken through in one place,
leaving the valley directly east of the light tower more exposed to the
action of the waves I could not ascertain from the keeper whether the
spit lias increased since the date of Lieutenant Wright's report, and have
requested him to mark its present extremity, as a point for future com
parison.
Any work of protection for thi site should extend across the mouth of
the inlet partially formed, and west of the keeper's house, and should
run in an easterly direction to cover the openings of the two valleys before
spoken of. For this purpose I would recommend a line of piling along
the river front, of about seven hundred teet in length, and at a probable
cost of §2,500. To protect the premises in the rear from being flooded
by the waters of the marsh, an embankment is also needed, and, to
adopt Lieuteuant Wught's estimate, at a probable cost of 8200.
The above views, which would appear evident upon a cursory examination of the site, are respectfully presented to the consideration of the
board; as, also, whether it be better to adopt the temporary expedient for
protection just mentioned, or leaving the site to its own power of resistance to the waves, to seek a better and permanent location for the lighttower. The bite will probably endure, unaided by artificial means, lor
several years.
The lantern leaks very badly through both the top and sides; new
window-frames are required in the tower; and a portion of the newelpost, much decayed, requires replacement. The steps, during the past
season having separated from the post, incline perceptibly to the interior, and an accident might happen from this defect. Theroofof the keeper's house will shortly require renewing; it is much decayed, though it
does not leak badly at present.
A door and platform have lately been placed in the tower; and the
newel-post strengthened by dat iron bars nailed along its length, though
this has not remedied the separation of the steps from the newel.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
I have theiionor to be, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOHN NEWTON,
Lieutenant .Engineers.
Lieut. THORNTON A. J E N K I N S , U. S. iV.,
Capt. E. L . F HARDCASTLE, U. S. J . ,
Secretaries of the Light house Board, Washington.
258
II.Doc.3.
No. 41.
October 2 6 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: I had the honor to receive, some time since, the printed circular
from your board, calling on me for " suggestions in relation to such aids
to navigation in the seventh district as may have come to my notice, and
be deemed of present necessity, in addition to those already existing, or
authorized by law."
In reply I must remark, that my duties in this district having been of
a special chaiacter, it has not been in my power to make such examinations as would authorize the presentation of estimates; at the same time,
a general knowledge of the character of existing works, and of those proposed, so far as laws already enacted indicate, together with the general
wants of this district, place it in my p o w e r to make s o m e suggestions
which may prove of value.
Commencing at Cape Florida light, I would respectfully suggest the
raising of the tower as far as the present structure will permit, and the
placing therein a Fresnel illuminating apparatus of the second order, to
replace the present catoptric apparatus; and as a glance at the sketch of
Key Biscayne, published by the Coast Survey report of 1851, will show
that this light is not required to illuminate more than two hundred degrees of the horizon, I would recommend that the remaining one hundred
and sixty degrees be filled with the totally reflecting rings of thellolophotal plan, as designed by Mr. Thomas Stevenson.
I am not aware of the actual condition of the tower at this point; but
if it is properly founded, and built in a strong and substantial manner,
I should think a light iron structure could be placed on top of it, that
would add twenty or thirty feet elevation to the focal plane, and increase
greatly the range of this important light.
I understand the reefs and shoals extend some eight or ten m i l e s to
seaward of this light. Its want of elevation, and the inefficient condition of its illuminating apparatus, gives it an actual and available range
but a short distance outside of the dangerous ground. I am not able to
present an estimate, from want of necessary (lata; but it has o c c u r r e d to
me, the operations at present going on at Cape Hatteras wonld serve as
a guide in asking for an appropriation for this object.
The light next in order to Cape Florida is the one recently e r e c t e d on
the Carysfort reef. I have already reported to the board the difficulties
which prevented the exhibition in this tower of a Fresnel illuminating
apparatus, and the necessity there was of setting up a temporary catoptric
apparatus. I am quite satisfied, if the keeper will faithfully attend to
this light, that t h e present apparatus is as efficient as one of reflectors
can be ; but I would most urgently press on the board the e x p e d i e n c y oj
replacing it, without delay, by a revolving Fresnel a p p a r a t u s . #
The lantern being designed and prepared for a lenticular a p p a r a t u s , trie
only expense to be incurred would be its first cost in France, t r a n s l ation to the site, and the necessary labor in setting it up; all o f ^mcn;
1 think, ought to be covered by the sum of § U ,000.
m ,fl
An appropriation having been made for a light house on O o m 4
Patches, and the law requiring it to be placed " half-way between tn
Carysfort reef and Sand key," seems to settle the question as to to
PHILADELPHIA,
II. Doc. 3.
259
number of lights on the Florida reef. I am now preparing the designs
and estimates for a suitable structure for afirst-classlight at this point.
The light-house at Sand key, as previously reported, was illuminated
on the 2l)th July last. It is believed this light is highly efficient, and
answers all the wants of navigation at this point. When the structure
(for which designs are now being made in this office) is erected in the
Northwest channel, Key West harbor, to replace the present light ship,
it is believed this harbor will have received, so far as lights are concerned,
all the attention it deserves. The light at Tortugas is one of the most
efficient reflection lights I have seen. Nevertheless, in my judgment,
the elevation of the tower should be greater; and, for the purpose of
penetrating a dense state of the atmosphere, I would recommend the
placing thereon a second-order fixed Fresnel apparatus.
When these changes shall be made, and the new works designed are
executed, the Florida reef will be as well illuminated as any part of the
world. The beacon stations of the Coast Survey are of great value in
pointing out this dangerous reef during the day ; they, however, should
be higher, as I understand it is the intention of the department to make
them.
I am under the impression that a day beacon is wanted on one of the
outer shoals of the Tortugas, which is at such a distance from the light on
Garden key, that navigators should have their attention called to it before
getting too near. My information is so vague, that I cannot indicate the
shoal, and only refer to it here that the question may be raised, and the
necessary investigation be made if the board deem it necessary.
Trusting these suggestions may be of some value, and with the earnest
desire to forward in all things the views of the board,
I remain, sir, most respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. G. MEADE,
Lieut. Topographical Engineers.
Capt. E. L . F, HARDCASTLE, U. S. A.,
Sec'y Light-house Board, Washington, D. (7.
No. 42.
PHILADELPHIA, October 3 1 , 1 8 5 3 .
: In compliance with the circular issued by your honorable board, dated September 22, 1853, 1 have the honor to submit the
following report, showing " the progress made upon, and the condition
of all works belonging to the United States light-house department, up
to the present date," under my charge :
Light-house on Sand Key, F/a.—This work was erected, and furnished with the necessary supplies, during the present year. A light
was exhibited therefrom on the 20th July last, and the work turned over
to the Treasury Department at the close of the last quarter. A detailed
report was transmitted to the board, (through the Bureau'of Topographical
Engineers,) giving a minute history of the operations at this work, to*
which reference is respectfully made for all such information. This
report was made the 27th August last, and was transmitted to Washington on that day.
GENTLEMEN
260
H . Doc- 3 .
Beacon on the Rebecca shoal.—An examination of this shoal was made
in May last, and on the 2Sth instant 1 transmitted, through the Bureau
of Topographical Engineers, a report of the same, and submitted a project for a beacon, accompanied by designs and estimates.
Iron pile light house, N. IK channel, Key I Vest harbor*—An examination of the site was made in June last, under the instructions of the
board* and the report of the same, with plans, estimates, &c., will be
presented to the board, and will certainly be forwarded during the present quarter.
Lighthouse at Cedar Keys, Florida.—An examination of Sea-horse
key was made in August last, and so soon as it can be prepared, a report,
with plans, estimates,
will be pn sented to the board, which, it is
confidently anticipatf d, will be during the current quarter.
Light house OIL Cojfui's Patches, Florida Reefs.—This reef, under the
orders of the board, was examined in June last, and the work of pieparing the necessary drawings and estimates to accompany the report to be
made, is now actively prosecuted in this office. A work of this magnitude (being of ihe first class) requires so many drawings, and these are
so necessary to form any idta of the weight and consequent cost of the
material*, that it is not deemed safe to assert at what precise time they
can be submitted; but every exertion, consiHeni with the other duties
imposed upon me, will be made to prepare them as soon as possible.
Yery respectfully, your obedient servant,
GEO. G. MEADE,
Lieutenant Topographical Engineers.
Lieut. T . A . J E N K I N S , U. S. iV.,
Capt. E. L . F , HARDCASTLE, U. S. A.,
Secretaries of Lighthouse Board, Washington, D. C.
No. 43.
COLLECTOR'S O F F I C E ,
Key West, October 19,1S53.
I have the honor to report:
1. That those parts of the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of Florida which
lie within this collection district are deficient in lights and buoys.
There is but one opinion upon this subject in the m e r c h a n t marine
familiar with it. My judgment is based upon a residence of twenty} ears
heie, upon an intimate knowledge of the shipwrecks, the business ol
wrecking within this district, and of the causes generally a s s i g n e d for
'them.
2. In my judgment there is an urgent necessity for a good l i g h t upon
the main land of Florida, either at St. Lucie sound, G r e n v i l l e inlet,
Cooper's hill, or the Black Rocks. These points are all near together,
upon t h e elbow of the coast, (as shown upon the abstract h e r e u n t o annexed,) at the entrance of St. Lucie sound. The steamers running
between the Atlantic ports end the Gulf, including the Law line aiidrtfte
Isabel, between Chaileston and Cuba, all endeavor to get hold of Cape
Canaveral; and from thence a south course, as reference to the map win
'Show, would put them off the elbow at the point above m e n t i o n e d . «
GENTLEMEN:
H . Doc- 3 .
261
being very important for them to keep close in with the land, to avoid a
two-and-a-half or three knot stream, a light at this point would enable
them to do so with security. A light at Mosquito inlet, for similar reasons, is necessary, though, in my judgment, of less importance. In
1837, §7,000 were appropriated for rebuilding and changing the site of
the old light at this latter point.
3. The next point at which a light is most urgently wanted, following
the course of the reef, is at the Sister keys. These are two small, rocky,
elevated keys, more submerged in the heaviest gales, standing well out
from the general line of keys, near Key Vacas, about forty miles from
this place. They lie between three sunken reefs, all of which have
proved very perilous to navigation, being the Delta shoal, distant three
and a half miles, S. by W. £ W.; Coffin's Patches and Dry Rocks eight
miles east of them.
4. The next point is the Marquesas islands, twenty miles about W, ^ S.
from this place. I regard a good light here as of the first consequence.
A glance at the chart will show its bearings upon the navigation around
the tail end of the Quicksands, of vessels bound into the Gull; and such
a light would be of the greatest advantage to vessels making a passage
from the Gulf around the Tortugas, or between the Tortugas and the
Quicksands.
5. Key West harbor is almost destitute of buoys. To ordinary merchant vessels, indeed to all vessels drawing under 16 feet, the existing
harbor buoys afford but little aid. Such vessels could come into port, by
night or day, with the lights and lead, as well without as with them.
They are of great consequence to naval s h i p s of heavy draught; but since
Lieutenant John Rodgers has submitted his hydrography of the harbor,
it is evident that they are totally insufficient to protect a heavy ship from
striking. Heavy ships may, and have, run in safely; but as there are
some 12 or 15 coral cones, of narrow base, standing up like ninepins
from the general level of the 27 feet channel, directly in the track of ships,
striking or not striking is a mere matter of chance; no pilot can mark,
designate or avoid them. Indeed, it is difficult to find them, as they are
not more than a fathom broad at the apex. In my judgment, they should
be at once buoyed or blown down by Maillefert's system. The expenditure consequent upon one of our frigates striking either of them, would
exceed the cost of all necessary buoys.
With great respect, I am, gentlemen, your obedient servant,
JNO. P. BALDWIN,
Collector, and Superintendent of Lights.
Lieut. T H O R N T O N A. J E N K I N S , TT JS>. N.,
Brevet Capt. E. L . F H A R D C A S T L E , U. S. T. E
Secrciatics of the Light-house Board, Washington City.
262
II. Doc. 3.
No. 44.
Extract from the report of Captain D. Leadb'tter, corps of engineers,
light house inspector, 8th district, dated Mobile, Alabama, November
21, 1853.
For the next year I am at present prepared to offer only the following
project:
§6,000
For new light-house at Port Pontchartrain Do
do
Bayou St. John
6,000
Do
do
New Canal *
6,000
For beacon light at Proctorsville
3,000
For blind beacon on east end of Horn island
1,500
For making permanent five range-stakes at the Choctaw Pass
and Dog River bar, Mobile
1>500
A new light house is much desired by the people of Florida, on the
southwest cape between Appalachicola and St. Mark's. It is needed to
warn vessels against the Ocklochony shoal, which lies east of that cape,
and out of range of any existing light. Vessels bound to St. Mark's and
Appalachicola are often endangeied from the want of it, and the light
would be of the greatest service to the Gulf coast mail line of steamers.
The southeast end of the shoal should probably be marked, too, by a bellbuoy ; but I consider that the Coast Survey can give the best information
with regard to both, and therefore refrain from a more urgent representation. I believe that both are necessary to the safe navigation of these
waters.
With regard to the new light-houses proposed on the south shore of
Lake Pontchartrain and at Proctorsville, it need only be said that those
now existing are wholly worthless, and are being repaired at this time,
only in the hope of making them serve till new ones can be built.
The beacon on the east end of Horn island is asked for more particularly by the steamboat interest between this place and New O r l e a n s .
All the captains represent it as necessary. In the winter the prevailing
northers drive the water out of the sound, leaving it too shallow for the
boats to go through Grant's Pass, and they are thus obliged to go out*
side of Dauphin island. In coming east they pass out of, or going west
run into, the sound, close in to the east end of Horn island. The point
being low, and the weather often foggy, they are d e t a i n e d with the mails
for want of the landmark proposed."
The range-stakes at Choctaw Pass and Dog River bar have hitherto
been kept up by the steamboat interest at this place. Some of them are
lighted at night, and this should be done by the g o v e r n m e n t when they
are made permanent. The channel to be dredged by the g o v e r n m e n t is
identical with the existing one, and the positions of the stakes, as represented on the "sketch" herewith, are the proper ones.
A cast iron pile at each point, rising ten feet above the water, wjth
•TOSS wings of four feet spread, would be sufficient. All the captains
here unite in asking for this improvement, and I cordially r e c o m m e n d
it to the adoption of the board.
II. Doc. 3.
263
No. 45.
INSPECTOR' s O F F I C E , 8TH LIGHT-HOUSE DISTRICT,
Mobile, Alabama, November 26, 1853.
SIR: By the enclosed letter, received this morning from W. Alex.
Gordon, esq., president of the Mexican Gulf Railroad, and keeper of
the beacon-light at Proctorsville, Louisiana, I learn that this latter establishment was destroyed by fire on the night of the 23d-24th instant.
A description of it will be found in my report of inspection last spring.
The building was of no value, except as being available till another could
be erected.
I shall direct Mr. Gordon to keep up the light, in the manner which
he has adopted, and shall visit the place soon.
Very truly, sir, your obedient servant,
D. LEAD BETTER,
Captain Engineers, Inspector 8th District.
Captain E. L. F. HARDCASTLE,
Secretary Light-house Board, Washington*
No. 46.
Extract from the report of the special board for inspection of the work
performed by New Orleans tow-boat companies, in deepening the
channel through the bar at Southwest Pass of Mississippi river, dated
November 14,1853—board consisting of Bt. Major Beauregard, corps
^ °f engineers, and Bt. Major Reynolds, 3d artillery.
" In conclusion, the b^ard will take the liberty to recommend that a bellbuoy should be established at the entrance of the Pass, near one of the
outside buoys, to direct the pilots in dark nights or foggy weather, for
they complain that under these circumstances they dare not venture to
take a ship in, being afraid to steer a little too far to the right or left of
the entrance. These channel buoys, which are apt to be injured or
displaced by the tow-boats constantly passing to and fro, ought also, in
the opinion of the board, to be placed under the immediate charge and
especial care of the revenue cutter, which is almost constantly anchored
about this bar."
No. 47.
COLLECTOR'S O F F I C E ,
Pensacola, October 16, 1853.
SIR: In reply to your communication addressed to me, concerning the
aids to navigation which might be required in this harbor, I beg leave to
refer you to the accompanying communication, received by me from
Commodore Josiah Tattnall.
I entirely concur with him in his suggestions, and think that nearly
II.
264
Doc. 3.
everything requisite is embraced therein. In addition, however, T would
recommend that new machinery and a more brilliant light be supplied to
the light house.
With these alterations and additions I think that our harbor, with its
great natural advantages, may be rendered accessible at all times to the
most unskilled navigator.
Very respectfully, your most obedient rervant,
J O S E P H S I E R R A , Collector,.
THORNTON A . JENKINS, Z7. S.
•
A R .,
Secretary to Light house Board, Washington, D. C.
COMMANDANT'S O F F I C E ,
Navy Yard, Pcnsacdu, Octobcr 1 3 , 1 8 5 3 . *
SIR: I have the honor to furnish you with the results of my inquiries
in regard to the improvements contemplated at the entrance of this
harbor.
1 consulted with the two pilots, Messrs. Oldmixen and.Jones, and
with the master of the yard, Mr. Pearson, all three well acquainted with
the subject, and have come to the following conclusion:
The light house is thought to be well located, but altogether too lowt
as it is, from many points at 5ea, concealed b y t h e l o f t y pines which
abound on the coast. It should therefore be carried up some twenty or
twenty-five feet higher, or a new one built. A beacon n e a r F o r t McRae
would also be very useful.
These changes, with a buoy in the deepest water of the bar, and one
on the apex of the Middle Ground, will render the entrance to this harbor
easy by night or day.
I am, sir, respectfully, your obedient servant,
JOSIAH TATTNALL,
Commandant.
JOSEPH SIERRA, E s q . ,
Cotlector of ihe port of Pensacola.
No. 48.
Extracts from a communication from Lieut. Montgomery Hunt) K &
iV., Light-house Inspector of the 9th aistrict.
y The eastern shore of Padre island,*extending for over one hundred
miles due north and south, presents such an unvarying topography, twt
without the latitude by observation, the mariner cannot determine h|S
position with any degree of accuracy. There is no high land on this
island, or beyond the Laguna del Madre, on the main shore,
can be
made available as a guide; and thus, as there are no means of determining
the direction and force of the current unless quite near the land, it becomes
a matter of speculation, rather than of certainty, as to what distance any
observed point may be from either end of the island. When the parallels
of latitude and longitude are cut by the shore-line of a coast at any considerable angle, either one of the above data will fprm an approximate
t h a t
II. Doc. 3.
265
guide to the other; but when the shore-line coincides with either, the
other must be determined by actual observation, or by some well known
landmark. With these facts in view, I would suggest that two blind
beacons be erected upon the eastern shore of Padre island, at the distances of thirty and sixty miles, respectively, north of the harbor of
Brazos Santiago. The one might be a single screw-pile, and the other
a tripod upon screw-pile foundations, with an elevation of fifty feet above
the soil.
*
#
#
#
*
*
#
" The necessity for buoys in this district has been brought to your
notice in the several communications which I prepared from time to time,
as the circumstances which called them forth were presented to me. I
will therefore merely add, that a large-sized buoy is required off Galveston bar, about one mile east by north of the outer buoy, which now
marks the channel, or a screw-pile shaft should be sunk upon the bar
itself, that vessels may readily determine the position of the entrance at
any reasonable distance to the seaward."
No. 48 bis.
ENGINEER DEPARTMENT,
Washington, October 28, 1853.
GENTLEMEN: I have the honor to append, for the information of the
Light-house Board,an extract from a memoir of Lieut. Walter H, Stevens,
corps of engineers, recently received at this department; and am,
t
Very respectfully, gentlemen, your most obedient,
^
JOS. G. TOTTEX,
Brevet Brigadier General, U. S. Engineers.
To the SECRETARIES of the Light house Boards
Washington City.
" Since Captain McClellan reported on Pass Carvallo bar, I have been
over it, and/at the suggestion of the pilots and experienced ship-masters,
would recommend, if m my province to do so, the establishment of three
buoys: one on the outer extremity of the bar; one on the inner side;
and one off the end of the Middle shoal, near Decrow's Point."
No. 49.
Extract of a letter from the Collector of Customs at Saluria,
dated October 20, 1853, recommending—
Texas,
A light-house at Aransas Pass, and two buoys for the bar. I believe
the buoys are authorized by law, having been once p l a c e d , but long since
washed ashore.
A light on Half moon reef, in Matagorda bay, and a light on Gallimp-
266
II. Doc. 3.
per Point, Lavacca bay; both similar to the one erected on Redfish bar,
in Galveston bay.
Four buoys, two for the bar and two for the bay. The buoys were
laced several years ago on Pass Carvallo bar, but, like those of Aransas
ar, have been driven from their anchorage.
*
*
•
E
No. 50.
OFFICE LIGHT-HOUSE INSPECTOR,
Buffalo, July 21, 1S53.
SIR : In accordance with your orders, I have examined the light house
pier at the mouth of river Raisin, near Monroe, Michigan.
The beacon is a frame structure, having a foundation of piles, which
remains secure. The pier-head or crib work surrounding this foundation has settled unequally, so that the lake end is three feet lower than
the land end. It was probably built with a bottom, to which this settling must be attributed. The timber being in a good state of preservation, it would not seem judicious to tear down any jortion of it. I therefore propose to place a protecting crib at the extremity of the pier, on its
prolongation, and at a distance from it of about three feet; the openings between the pier-head and the new crib to be covered by a double
row of piles, well secured by lateral ties, so as to prevent the washing
out of the stone. Build up the present pier-head to its original height,
and throughout this portion tie it firmly with the new work. The new
crib, besides offering protection to the new beacon, a l s o prolongs the
light house pier, which is the weather-pier, about thirty feet. It is proposed, also, to close two breaches in the pier, and repir in front of the
keeper's house, which will exhaust the amount of the appropriation.
A portion of this pier adjacent to the pier head, for a distance of 364
feet, remains in an unfinished though perfect state of preservation. It is
submerged about three feet. It is I S feet wide. The posts r i s i n g some
four feet above the water, tend to break the wave. To these posts a
foot bridge is attached, which enables the keeper to serve the light.
The remaining portion of the pier, about three logs above water, and of
a length of 512 feet, is in a very dilapidated condition, and will need
renewing very soon.t A portion of it has an inclination towards the
channel, owing to its narrow base, which is only eight feet. In renewing it, a work with a base of much greater width should be constructed.
I submit herewith an estimate for repairs, limited to the amount of the
appropriation.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. C. WOODRUFF, Cape. Top. Eng.,
Light house Inspector, 10/A District.
Capt. E. L . F„ HARDCASTLE, Corps Top. Eng.,
Secretary Light house Board.
II. Doc. 3.
267
Estimate for a protecting crib, 28 feet by 35 feet, to cover the pier-head
on which stands the beacon at the mouth of river Raisin, Michigan.
Each course, 4 side-logs and 2 stringers, 12 inches
by 12 inches, and 3 ties, 10 inches by 12 inches—
23 courses, 6,440 feet, at 15 cents
- $966 00
Levelling the present pier-head, 490 feet, at 15 cents 73 50
23 piles, 12 inches diameter, each 35 feet, 805 feet,
at 10 cents
80 50
Iron for bolts, 500 lbs., at 5 cents - 25 00
Plank, 4,000 feet, at §11 per thousand
- 44 00
Spikes, £ keg
4 00
Stone, 160'cords, at $6 50 .
-1,040 00
Labor
- 800 00
Machinery, tools, <fec.
400 00
Superintendence, 50 days, at $3 50
- 175 00
For repair of two breaches and in front of keeper's
house:
Side-logs, 12 inches by 12 inches, 2,280 feet, and
ties, 10 inches by 12 inches, 1,824=4,104 feet
timber, at 15 cents
- .
Plank, 9,000 feet, at §11 per thousand
Iron for bolts, 400 lbs , at 5 cents Spikes, 1 keg
Stone, 50 cords, at $6 50 Labor, including tearing down old work
Superintendence, 30 days, at §3 50
$3,608 00
615
99
20
6
325
675
105
60
00
00
50
00
45
00
1,846 55
5,454 55
545 45
Contingencies, 10 per cent.
6,000 00
J. C .
Capt,
E. L. F .
WOODRUFF,
Captain T- En Light-house Inspector, 10th district.
HARDCASTLE, Corps Top. Engs
Secretary of Light house Board.
No. 51.
Extract of a letter from W. B. Snowhook, Esq., superintendent of lights
at Chicago, Illinois, dated October 38,1853.
#
*
#
m
*
The improvement of the harbor at Michigan City consists of a breakwater, connecting with which is a bridge pier, being built by government.
To enable vessels to enter this harbor at night with safety, a beacon
should be erected when the works are completed. Considering the rapid
268
II. Doc. 3.
increase of the commerce of Michigan City, I consider this beacon as being absolutely necessary, and is much desired by the citizens of that
place.
At Waukegan a breakwater is in progress of construction, under the
directions of the War Department. I would recommend that an iron
light house, on a suitable crib-work foundation filled with stone, be built
at the north end, and connected with the breakwater now in progress of
construction, where a light of some kind will, in my opiuion, be absolutely necessary.
The present light-house, being half a mile west of the breakwater,
would not then be required. I would beg leave to state ht-re that this
light-house is in a dilapidated condition, and defective in every respect;
and, if it is the intention of the government to preserve it, Unnecessary
repairs cannot be made too soon. The tower is built with soft brick,
the centre of the wall being filled with a mixture of gravel and bad
lime, with little if any adhesion. The action of the frost has caused the
outside brick to scale off in many places to a depth of three inches in
the wall. The foundation was not laid deep enough in the ground, and
an embankment was made around the base to protect it from the action
of the frost.
The deck or platform is lower, instead of higher, at the centre; consequently the water lodges around and runs inside the lantern. It will be
seen, from the present condition of this light-house, that the repairs, if
any he made, would require a new outside wall of hard brick, to be built
from foundation to deck, with a stone coping on the top, and the deck
raised in the centre and covered with galvanized iron of a proper thickness. The work should be done by days' work, properly superintended,
as contract work is almost invariably flighted.
At Chicago harbor, I think that eventually it would be a saving to
government to construct an iron beacon, similar to that above described,
011 the end of the north pier, in place of the frail structure in present use.
I am satisfied that three good and permanent buoys, placed as follows,
would benefit navigation: one on the south end of tho bar, from the end
of the north pier south, 35° east, 1,100 feet; one oil the south side of
the north channel, from the end of the north pier south, TO0 east, 3oU
feet; one on the north side of the north channel, from the end of the
north pier, 60° east, 175 feet.
If buoys could be kept stationary at the places
designated, it
would undoubtedly be a great benefit to vessels cf all descriptions, when
entering and leaving the harbor, and would be the means of prevenUng
many vessels from getting aground on the bar.
The harbor at Calumet river, which has been hitherto entirely neglected by government, could be made, with comparatively small expense,
one of the best harbors on the western lakes. By removing the bar at
the entrance, it would afford protection to the shipping, no m a t t e r from
what quarter the wil d might blow.
When a strong north or northeast wind blows, vessels making Vt0T*
of Chicago are in danger either of being driven against the south pwo
or of being carried away south and beached near the mouth
Calunae
river; whereas, if the bar were removed, they would have no difficulty w
making the entrance of Calumet river and finding shelter.
a b o v e
o f
H. Doc. 8.
269
Every season several vessels are driven ashore at this place, and under
these circumstances. In consequence of this bar, the mouth of ih3 river
has become so changed that the li^ht-hnuse is now about half a mile
from the mouth, whereas the original mouth was close by it.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
WM. B. SNOWHOOK,
Collector, and Superintendent
of
Lights.
Lieut. THORNTON A. JENKINS, and
Capt. EDMD. L. F HARDCASTLE,
Secretaries of the Light house Board,
Washington.
No. 52.
To the Honorable the Secretary of the
Treasury.
We, the undersigned, vessel owners, captains, and others, interested
in the cmimerce of the lakes, would respectfully represent that the keeping
up of the light at the mouth of the Calumet river results in serious inconvenience, and greatly endangers both properly and life, from the fact
that there is no harbor, and the light is mistaken for that at Chicago.
In view of these facts, we respectfully petition your department to
have the same discontinued.
CHICAGO, Oct. 2 8 , 1 8 5 3 .
Owners.
S. Lind,
J. Barber,
Wm. M. Feny,
C. Y Richmond.
N. Ludlington & Co.,
Robt. Meadowcroft,
G.Johnson,
Wallace <fc Smith,
Geo. F, Forster,
Captains.
D. A. Reed,
Jas. McLure,
Joseph Murphey,
J.»hn Dwyer, mate,
H B. Ketchmun,
F Mafo,
B. VVohin,
Henry Miller,
C. McNeil,
Jno. W, Brown,
Ulias. H. Lewis,
A. R. Atkins,
D. H. Green,
J. Dorchester,
Capt. David Mcintosh,
F. Clemsen,
Henry Berkley,
Wt C. Rodgers,
Wm. M. Mund,
Ezekiel Dey,
N. Haven,
Jno. Crosbey,
E. A. Stone,
R. N. Adams,
A. Morby,
Win. Scott,
Wm. Just.,
Stephen Buel,
W„ H. IX>bson,
J. H. Waters,
G. M. Suyter,
C. W< Aversell,
J. B. Warren,
Richmond & Co.,
Tarteton Jones,
B. Shephard,
Chas. Siiiford,
P. F, Hood,
Jas. B. Brown,
Jas. Uharloner.
H.Doc. 3.
270
Seamen.
R. D. Burns,
W, D. Jackson,
Jno. Coyle,
R. II. Hayes,
Saml. Moore,
Wm. Kelson,
J. A. Brooks,
Wm. Magill,
Chas. Scofidd,
G. T. Hand?,
Geo. Russell,
Jno. M. Madre,
Henry Withers,
Robert Gun,
Thos. Marshal,
J. Cook,
J. Philips,
E . T . Atkins,
E. \ \ \ Headiey,
Benj. Davis,
Gro. Gonlding,
Thos. G. Bunowy,
John Morgan,
Geo. Long,
Pat. Gready,
Jno. Curry,
Jno. McDonald,
Frederick Rice,
Amos Holmes,
A. II. Cavert,
J. A. Van Buskirk.
C. R. Cole,
Robt. Rodgerson,
Jas. Suliven,
Jno. Welch,
Mellson Read,
Geo. Thomson,
Peter Cameron,
C. Buierfild,
Wm. Porter,
Hugh Darian,
Saml. Ralison,
Hry. Russell,
E. McKerboy,
Jas. Brooks,
Jesse Philips,
Andrew Bennet,
G. M. Evers,
Israel Nasburn,
Jno. Ware,
Joseph Kurpton,
Wm. C. Ogier,
Alex. Pated,
D. McA lister,
Jno. Rodgers,
Jno. D. Nason,
A. C. Ratten,
Jno. Thomson,
H. Fedder,
Jno. C. Bremer,
G. H. Reynolds,
Wm. Smith,
Jas. Davis,
No. 53.
BUREAU OF TOPOGRAPHICAL E N G I N E E R S ,
Washington, November 10, IS06.
SIR: In the light-house law of March 3,1S53, there is an appropriation in the following words:
" For making the foundations of two light-houses, (one to be a bea*
con-light on the St. Clair flats) ten thousand dollars, the places to De
selected, and the work executed, under the direction of the T o p o g r a p h i cal Bureau."
. ,
The foundation of these structures will cost much more. ^I^nno 6 "
fore recommended that an additional estimate be submitted of$20,0wRespectfully, sir, your obedient servant,
J. J . ABERT,
Colonel Corps Topographical
Capt. E. L. F
HARDCASTLE,
Secretary Light
house Board,
Washington,
D.
C.
Engineers.
II. Doc. 3.
271
No. 54.
SAN FRANCISCO, September 30, 1853.
have found it necessary to remove the light-house lately
erected on Fort Point, and I await further instructions as to its rebuilding.
The promontory of Fort Point consists mainly of a soft sandstone,
mixed with hard boulders—the whole not too hard to be removed by
picks, and requiring blasting. Extensive blasting operations have been
commenced and carried on with successful results. Temporary accommodations have been constructed for a force of between sixty and eighty
men. It will be seen from the sketch forwarded by the last mail, that
nearly every ton of rock or earth removed will require two removals
before the site can be prepared for the foundations of the main work.
The almost inaccessible position of the promontory, especially by water,
materially increases the delay and the expense. I would therefore suggest, as important to the rapid completion of the mounting of guns here,
that some decision be given upon the battery projected in rear of the
main work, crowning the neck of the promontory. This does not seem,
from the plan, to be so connected with the body of the work as to require that the latter should be built first. Its construction is single,and
1 am inclined to think that it could be ready in two or three months, at
furthest, to receive its armament. Some modifications might be made,
from the fact that the shore extends nearly 150 feet farther into the bay
than the position given by the sketch on which the plan is drawn.
This, by advancing the main work, will give nearly a hundred feet additional length to the crest of the battery, and room for a corresponding
number of guns.
The urgency of the instructions given to Colonel Mason for rapid prosecution of the works, and his opinion relative to this matter, many times
expressed to me during his illness, has induced me to call the attention
of the department to it.
I have to request that you will cause funds to the amount of $10,000
to be placed in the hands of such officer as may be detailed for the charge
of this work. With reference to the money left by the late Col. Mason,
I have to report that the requisite legal formalities are nearly completed,
and the amount will be turned over to me, subject to the order of his successor. I shall have, therefore, with the draft of $10,000 drawn, by the
last mail, on Major Frazer, sufficient to meet any contingency in our operations which may arise until his arrival at this place, expected in November.
I am, General, your most obedient servant,
WM. H. C. WHITING,
GENERAL : I
First Lieutenant
General
J.
G.
TOTTEN,
Chief Engineer
U. S.,
Washington.
of
Engineers.
272
II. Doc. 3.
AS.
Statement of the cost of custom houses built or purchased by the United
States, and the dates of the expenditures, at the several ports; together
with the amount of appropriations for those now in the course of constructioni.
Kenmbunk, Maine.—The customhoufe was purchased November
19,1S32, for ihe sum of $1,575. The deed, and a letter from E. Shepley, esq , U. S. district attorney, in approval of the title, are on file in the
First Comptroller's office.
Castine, Maine.—The custom-house was purchased April 6, 1S53, of
D. Perham. for $600; additional site atid»room purchased May 26,1S49,
of inhabitants of Hancock county, for $400. The sum of $750 has been
expended in repairs.
The deeds, deed of cession of jurisdiction fiom the State of Maine,
and the Attorney General's opinion in favor of the title, are on file in the
First Comptroller's office.
EaUport, Maine.—The site was purchased Julv 3, I W , for §2,780.
There have been expended on the s'ructure, §32.509 00.
The deed, and the deed of cession of jurisdiction from the State of
Maine, are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
IViscassct, Maine.—The custom-house was purchased November 3,
1848, for $2,000; in 1S19, $2U0 were expended in repairs.
The deed, deed of cession of jurisdiction from the State of Maine, and
the Attorney General's opinion in favor of the title, are on file in the First
Comptroller's office.
Portland, Maine.—The exchange building was purchased of the city
of Portlaud, July 5,1849, for $149,000; in 1852, $1,100 were expended
in repairs.
The deed is on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Portsmouth) N. i/.—The custom-house was purchased August 21,
1817, for $8,000.
The deed is on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Sulem, Mass— The site was purchased June 23, 1S18, for $5,000.
During t h e year 1S20, §14,271 77 were expended on the s t r u c t u r e .
The deed is on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Nnn Bedford, Mm.—The site was purchased April 13, 1833, fo*
$4,900. Previous to December 31, 1841), $26,U00 were e x p e n d e d o n
the building; and in 1850, $840 for repairs.
The deed is on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Newburyportj Mass.—The sue was purchased August 9, 1&?3, lor
$3,000; $20,188 40 were expended on the structure previous to December 31, 1835,
Tne dteds are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
,
Boston, Mass.—The site was purchased August 29, 1S37, of the
" Central Wharf" and « Long Wharf" companies, and the city of Boston, for $190,000. The structure cost $886,658, and the furniture
$24,452 13.
The deeds are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Promnence, R. /.—The site of the custom house aud w a r e h o u s e was
purchased November 26, 1817, for $3,000; since that date, $ 1 0 , ^
have been expended on the building.
II. Doc. 3.
273
The copy of the deed is on file as above.
Newport, R. L—The site was purchased September 16 and September 29, 1828, for 1,400. In 1S29 the sum of $S,600 was expended on
the building.
The deeds are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
New Haven, Conn.—The custom-house and site were purchased January 2, 1S18, for $5,000. In 1820 the sum of $2,481 88 was expended
on the structure; and in 1834, $900.
Middletown, Conn.—The site was obtained through the conveyances,
the first dated February 8, 1S53, consideration $1,500; the other dated
May 22, 1833, consideration $2,000. Previous to December 31, 1836,
there were expended $12,176 64.
The deeds, and a letter of the United States district attorney approving
of the tille, are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
New London, Conn.—The site was purchased February 18, 1833,
for $3,400. Previous to December 31,1S35, $14,600 were expended
on the structure; in 1810, $1,700 were expended in repairs, and in 1843,
$637 37. A copy of the deed, with the deed of cession of jurisdiction
from the State of Connecticut, are on file in First Comptroller's office.
New York city.—The site of the custom-house was purchased December 2, 3816, December 7, 1S32, December 10, 1832, and January 9,
1833, for the aggregate sum of $270,000. The structure, erected between the years 1833 and 1843, cost $92S,312 90. Copies of the titledeeds are on-file in the First Comptroller's office.
Philadelphia, Pom.—The custom house was purchased August 27,
1844, for $225,000, " in addition to the proceeds of sale of the present
custom-house." In 1846 there were expended for repairs $31,987 82,
and 1851, $7,500. The deed, abstract, and chain of title, comprising
the original title papers of this property, (better known as the United
States Bank building,) are on file in the Fust Comptroller's office.*
Erie, Penn —The custom (formerly United States Branch bank)
building was purchased July 2, 1849, for $29,000. The deed, brief,
and chain of title, are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Baltimore, Md.—The site of the warehouse was purchased June 10,
1833, for $30,01)0. Between that date and June 30, 1845, the sum of
$241,397 was expended on the structure. The deed is on file in the
First Comptroller's office.
The sire of the cus'om house, and the structure itself, were a part of
the property of the Baltimore Exchange Company, of wh'ch the conveyance was executed July 6, 1817, for a consideration of $70,000.
An addif on to the custom-house was* purchased of the Merchants'
Exchange Company of Baltimore, November 22, 1S52, for $110,000;
which sum included the cost of the site, and the amount to be paid for
certain repairs to the property which have been made.
The latter deed of conveyauce, and a copy of the former, are on file
in First Comptroller's office, with deed of cession of jurisdiction from the
State of Maryland, and Attorney General's opinion in favor of the title.
Alexandria, Va.~The custom house was purchased November 25,
1S20, for $6,1)00. In 1822, $1,319 26 were expended in repairs. The
deed of this property is on file in the First Comptroller's office.
At the date of the purchase of thi3 property the State of Virg'nia exercised no jurisdiction over the county of Alexandria, the same being a
part of the District of Columbia, and under the jurisdiction of the United
18
274
II. Doc. 3.
States ; consequently, no deed of cession of jurisdiction was then ne»
•cessary.
On the 9th July, 1846, the county of Alexandria was retroceded to
Virginia, Congress reserving the right of property in the custom-house
to the United States. In the Code of Virginia, (1S49,) chap. 2, page 58,
certain enumerated places are recognised as being subject to ihe jurisdiction of the United States, but this custom house is not mentioned;
in short, Virginia has never, as far as ascertained, confirmed the jurisdiction of the United States over this property. The governor of Virginia has been requested to bring this omission to the "attention of the
legislature of that State, with a view to the passage of a law giving the
United States jurisdiction over the property in question.
Wilmington, N. C.—The site purchased March 19, 1S19, fo,
©15,000; additional site purchased May 17, 18-15, for §1,000 Previous
to 30th June, 1847, §39,000 expended on building, and in the year
1849, §2,039 75 for furniture. Deeds on file in First Comptroller's office.
Savannah, Ga.—Site purchased December 16, 1S45, for $7,725,
and July 26,1S17, S13,000. The custom-house was reported as completed July 2S, 1S52; previous to which, $146,722 85 had been expended
on the structure, and §5,960 12 on the furniture. The deeds, deed of
cession of jurisdiction from the State of Georgia, and other title-papers,
are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Key West, Fla —A part of the site was purchased July 26,1S33, for
$1,000. The Register of the Treasury has no minute of this expenditure. The deed is on file as above.
It will be noticed that, in several of the places above referred to, the
United States have ndt obtained deeds of cession of jurisdiction.
Statement of the appropriations for custom houses, <fcc., now in the
course of erection under the Treasury Department, and the cost of the
several sites for the same :
Bath, Me.—The amounts and dates of the appropriations for the custom-house and post office are as follow :
1S50, September 30. ,
$2,500
1852, July 21
11,000
1853, March 3 . . . .
12,000
48,000
The site was purchased February 7 and November 18, 1852, for
$15,000. The work is in progress, under a conditional contract fox
the excavations, foundations, and ail stone and brick m a s o n r y ; the
building is to be constructed of granite, and completed September h
1856. The deeds, abstract of title, deeds of cession of jurisdiction
from the State of Maine, and the opinion of the Attorney General in favor
of the title, are on file in First Comptroller's olBce.
Bangor, Me.—Appropriations :
1S50, September 30
.850,000
1852, July 2 1 . . . .
.
" *
# .15,000
1853, March 3 . . . . . .
. . . . I".. •! 1 " ! ! 1! 1 ! . . . 15,000
80,000
II. Doc. 3.
275
The site was purchased June 5, 1851, for $15,000. This work is
Under contract, and tinder the supervision of three commissioners : the
foundations are nearly finished. The building is to be of granite and
iron, and to be completed December 1, 1854. The deed and other
title-papers, as above, are on file in First Comptroller's office.
TVatdboro', Me.—The appropriation for the custom-house, post-office,
and other government offices, was made August 31, 1852, and amounts
to §12,000. The site was purchased November 9, 1S52, arid, with incidental expenses, cost $2,247, The deed and other title-papers are on
file as above.
Wilmington, Del—The appropriations for custom-house, post-office,
and court-rooms at this port are as follows :
1852, August 31
.
....§25,000
1853, March 3
3,500
28,500
The site, purchased May 27, 1853, cost §3,500. A conditional contract is made for a stone building, to be completed October 1, 1855 ; the
foundations are now finished.
Pittsburgh, Pa.—The appropriations for the custom house, post-office,
court-rooms, &c., are as follow :
1851, March 3.
§75,000
1S52, July 21
35,000
#
110,000
The site, purchased May 8, 1851, and September 27, 1852, cost
$41,000. This work has been built by contract, under the superintendence of an architect appointed by the department; the building, of cutstone, is nearly finished, and the lower story is ready for occupation.
The deeds, <fcc., are on file as above.
Omeimiati, Ohio.—Appropriations for custom-house and other offices:
§50,000
1850, September 30
1851, March 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,000
1852, Juiy 2 1 . . . . . . . . . . .
50,000
1853, March 3
87,745
212,745
The site was purchased September 24,1851, for §50,000. Conditional contracts are made for construction of this work by the 1st December, 1856, under the superintendence of an architect appointed by this
department. The building is to be of stone; the foundations are completed, and the cut-stone work commenced. The deeds and other title
papers are on file as above*
II. Doc. 3.
276
Louisville, Ky.~The appropriations for the custom-house, post officey
court rooms, and other United States offices :
1851, March 3
$75,000
1852, July 21
16,000
1853, March 3
.
.
.
.
.
.
87,745
178,745
Site purchased October 7,1S51, for §16,000.
A contract has been made for the excavations and rubble-stone masonry of the foundations, which are nearly completed.
The deeds, &c., are on file as above.
iSt. Lovis, Mo.—Appropriations for custom-house and other United
States offices:
1850, September 30
§50,000
1852, July 21
37,000
1853, March 3
115,000
202,000
Site purchased October 30,1S51, and February 26,1S52, for $37,000,
Contracts are now in the course of preparation for this work. The
date of its completion will depend upon the material used in its construction.
The deeds*and other title-papers are on fife as above.
Norfolk, Fa.—Appropriations for custom-house and post office;
1850, April 30
1852, July 21
1853, March 3
.
.
.
.
.
.
§50,000
30,000
30,000
110,000
Site purchased February 28,1852, for §13,000,
Conditional contracts are made for the completion of this work by the
1st December, 1855; the building is to be of granite. The foundation?
are nearly completed. The work is under the superintendence of an
architect appointed by the department.
The deeds, &c., are on file as above.
Richmond, Fa.—Appropriations for custom house, post office and
court rooms:
1S51, August 31
§100,000
The site was purchased for §61,060.
The deeds, &c., are on file as above.
Charleston, S. C—Appropriationsfora custom-house are as follow:
1847, March 3
.
.
.
.
§30,000
1848, August 12
100,000
1849, March 3
.
.
.
.
.
.
50,000
1850, September 30
•
.
.
100,000
II. Doc. 3.
> March 3
^ UgU u St3o 31
18o3, March
277
f
.
.
.
.
.
$100,000
200
000
100,000
.
630,000
The site, purchased July 10,1840, cost $130,000.
The foundation has been piled, and the basement, of granite, commenced; the superstructure is to be built of marble; the construction of
this edifice is under the superintendence of ail architect appointed by
the department.
The deeds, &c., are on file as above.
Mobile, Ala.—Appropriations for custom-house, post office and court
cooms:
1850, September 30
1852, July 21
-
$100,000
100,000
'
200,000.
On the 31st October, 1851, a site, as additional to the site of the former
custom-house, was purchased for the sum of $12,500.
This structure is to be of granite, and a contract is made for that material, and another for the construction* of the building, which is to be
completed July 1, 1856; the contractor has commenced on the excavations for the foundation.
This work is under the superintendence of an experienced officer of
the United States engineers, detailed, in connexion with other duties,
for that purpose.
The deeds, <fcc., are on file as above.
Neio Orleans, La.—Appropriations for a custom-house:
1845, March 3, (plan)
1847, March 3
1848, August 12
.
1849, March 3
1850, May 15
.
1850, September 30
1851, March 3
1852, August 31
.
1S53, Maich 3
$
.
.
-
.
.
-
.
.
.
-
.
-
.
.
v
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
-
500
100,000
130,758
150,000100,000
200,000
250,000
150,000 ,
324,000
1,405,258
The site, conveyed the 27th January, 1848, by the first municipality
o f New Orleans to the United States, comprises the square bounded by
Levee, Canal, Custom-house, and New Levee streets—a most munificent donation.
This immense work is constructed of granite; the exterior walls,
which are now raised to an average height of 45 feet above the banquette,
ere fully backed up with brick, thus making the wall four feet thick ex
II. Doc. 3.
278
elusive of projections. The partition walls and arclies are massive and
strong; and everything about the building is constructed with a view
to permanence and great strength. This work is under the superintendence of a distinguished officer of the corps of United States engineers.
A notarial copy of the deed is on file as above.
San Francisco, Col.—Appropriations for a custom house, post office
and other United States offices, until the whole building is needed for
custom-house purposes:
1850, September 30
.
.
.
.
.
§100,000
1851j March 3
300,000
1852, July 21
40,000
1853, March 3
25,000
465,000
The site of this structure, on die block bounded by Jackson, Battery,
Washington and Sansome streets, being a part of the government reserve, a part of the foundation has been piled at an expense of
§150,427 09. The further prosecution of this work is suspended until
the department is satisfied in regard to the validity of the title to the site*
Astoria, Oregon.—Appropriations for a custom-house:
1851, March 3
§10,000
1852, August 31
30,000
40,000
It is proposed to erect the custom-house on the military reserve.
Plans and specifications for a brick building have been made, but no
contract has been entered into for its construction.
A T.
Regulations
for
the construction
of custom-houses
and other
buildings-
1 1. The duties of this division comprise the selection and purchase of
sites for all buildings under the Treasury Department; the procuring of
cession of jurisdiction to the United States by the States in which the
sites may be situated; the making of plans and estimates for customhouses, mints, and marine hospitals; the general superintendence of
their construction ; and the collection, arrangement, and preservation of
all reports, memoirs, estimates, plans, and models, relating to all buildings in charge of the Treasury Department,
2. The officer in charge of this division will, with the clerks employed therein, occupy room No.
. He shall, under the direction of
the Secretary of the Treasury, have supervision of all agents employed
in the construction of buildings for the Treasury Department, in everything relating to their official duties, and to the disbursement of moneys
placed m their hands in the performance of those duties. He shall
II. Doc. 3.
279
personally inspect buildings under construction by agents of the department as often as may be deemed necessary by the. Secretary of the
Treasury, and report the result to him,- including in his report such
suggestions in relation to the affairs of the different works as he may
deem expedient and proper. The report will embody full information
on the following subjects : conformity of the work to the plan; its adaptation to the object for which it was intended; any alteration which may
tend to the better attainment of that object; the quality of the materials
used, and the character of the workmanship. The organization of the
force, and administration of the affairs of the .work, will be fully explained. He shall prepare and present to the Secretary of the Treasury,
on or before the first of November of each year, a report of operations
of the division for the year ending June 30 preceding, accompanied hy
an estimate of funds required for the use of each work during the current
and ensuing years."
3. During the occasional absence of the officer in charge of the division, the senior clerk will attend to the duties thereof, so far as may be
convenient and practicable.
4. In this division shall be kept exact records of all official transactions of the department, comprising files of all papers received, copies
of all communications sent, and records of all reports and decisions
made. All plans, models, maps, deeds of sites, or copies thereof, of the
several works planned and executed under the Treasury Department,
must be carefully preserved.
5. Briefs will be made of all papers filed in the office, and such copious
indices as will facilitate the despatch of any business requiring a refers
ence to the files of the division.
6. No paper, drawing, model, or map, or copies of the same, will be
taken from the office without the sanction of the Secretary of the
Treasury.
7. The superintendent charged with the construction of any building
under the Treasury Department will be furnished from this division with
plans and instructions for his guidance, and he alone will be held responsible for the faithful execution of the same. Before commencing
the work, he will test the accuracy of the metes and bounds of the site;
and, when satisfied on this point, he will cause them to be marked by
stone, or other indestructible landmarks. He will cause the deed of
title and act ceding jurisdiction to be recorded, if not already done, in
the .proper office of record, taking copies of each for the use of his own
office. He will transmit the originals to this office, to be deposited in the
Treasury Department.
S. Should there be reason to suspect the stability of the foundation of
any building under his charge, the superintendent will remove all doubts
by digging or boring. He will ascertain the quality and cost of the
required building materials, and the facilities of procuring them in the
vicinity of the work. He will endeavor to ascertain the character and
responsibility of those who may propose to offer for the execution of the
work, or the delivery of materials, and communicate all the information
he may obtain on the subject to the department.
9. When, in the opinion of t h e s u p e r i n t e n d e n t , at the commencement
of a work, it becomes necessary to erect temporary buildings—as barracks
for workmen, storehouses, offices, stables, workshops, &c.—a plan,
280
II. Doc. 3.
elevation, and sections of the proposed buildings, and an estimate of the
cost, will be forwarded to the department for the decision of the Secretary. A jeport stating the necessity of the proposed buildings will accompany the plans ana estimate.
10. When it is found necessary to-construct wharves for the reception
of materials, or for the future accommodation of the business of the
custom-house or other building, all requisite plans and estimates must
be transmitted to the department. Where it is practicable, permanent
wharves, that may be required for future use, should be at once erected,
to avoid the unnecessary expenditure of money on temporary structures.
11. At the commenctment of a work, the superintendent will transmit
to the department a list of all persons he may think it indispensable to
employ for the most efficient and economical prosecution of the work,
together with a statement of the proposed compensation of each class of
services. Should it become necessary to increase the number of clerks,
overseers, master mechanics, or to raise the wages of any one employed
on the works, such increase will be first reported to the department,
with the reasons therefor.
12. The superintendent, being responsible for the faithful and economical execution of the work in his charge, is required to inspect, or cause
to be inspected, all materials delivered for the work, and to receive or
reject them, as in his judgment may seem proper, taking care that none
but the best be received, and that the workmanship is of the best description. He will establish rules and regulations for the government of
those employed by him, and will see that they are faithfully observed.
He will employ such master-mechanics, inspectors, overseers, mechanics, and laborers, as he may deem necessary, and shall have power
to dismiss them.
13. No agent or other person employed on the work shall be directly
or indirectly interested in any contract for labor or supplies, nor will he
be permitted to h;re any hand, vessel, vehicle, or tean of his own, or
in which he has an interest, on the work on which he is himself employed.
1 4 . Funds required for the prosecution of t h e w o r k o n a n y building
being erected under the Treasury Department, will be advanced on the
estimates of the superintendent, (form No. 1,) which estimates will be
placed by him in the hands of the disbursing agent, to be f o r w a r d e d to
the department at the commencement of each month.
15. Wherever practicable, disbursements will be made by check on
the sub-treasurer of the United States in the ci?y or town where the
work is situated. The disbursing agent will render his accounts quarteryearly—viz: March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31—to
this office, where they will be examined, and, if found correct, will be
sent to the proper auditing officer of the treasury. The vouchers,
abstracts, and accounts current, necessary to a prompt and correct settlement of the accounts, must be forwarded within four d a y s after the
expiration of the quarter to which they belong.
16. Any disbursing agent who shall fail to render his accounts in
manner hereinbefore prescribed, will thereby become liable to dismissal
from office.
IT. Explicit receipts (form No. 2) must be taken for all purchases
and expenditures, except those for personal services, and must show the
II. Doc. 3.
281
nature, quantity, cost, and all other circumstances necessary to a clear
understanding of the transaction.
18. Expenditures for personal services must be exhibited on separate
monthly pay-rolls, (form No. 3;) and if any portion of the amount on
such roll be not paid at the end of the quarter, it will be entered on a
non-payment roll, (form No. 4,) and accompany each succeeding quarterly cash account until paid.
19. The quarterly cash papers are, an abstract in triplicate, (form No.
5;) accounts current, also in triplicate, (form No. 6,-) vouchers in triplicate, (form No. 2,) for all expenditures during the quarter. Upon the
abstracts will be entered the amount of each voucher and pay roll.
The account current will exhibit the amount of funds on hand at the
expiration of the last quarter, the amount received during the current
quarter, the amount expended during the same period, and the balance
at the end of the quarter. One abstract, one account current, and one
set of vouchers, will be sent to the department,- the duplicates of the
same will be retained by the disbursing agent and the superintendent.
20. All vouchers must be signed by the person to whom the amount
is due, or by some one duly authorized to sign his name and receive
the money; and in the latter case the power of attorney to sign and
receive should accompany the voucher. Persons who are unable to
write will make their marks as signatures, which must be attested by
witnesses present when made.
21. It shall be the duty of the person in charge of this division mi*
nutely to examine all accounts transmitted by the disbursing agents
under this department, with respect to prices, and the objects and character of expenditure; and to enable him to make such examination
understanding^, he will be furnished by the superintendent of each
work with a 11 price current," published in the town or city where the
work is situated, or the nearest town or city to it. Should any of the
accounts be found objectionable, they will be returned for explanation
or correction.
22. When not otherwise directed, the superintendent may make contracts for the supply of materials, or for doing separate portions of the
work. Contracts must, as far as possible, be limited to one kind of
operation, or one species of supply. In all cases proposals for contracts
will be invited through the newspapers, or in some other public manner,
at least sixty days before the bids are opened. Bidders will be allowed
to be present at the opening of the bids if they desire it. When a bid
is accepted, a 'contract, with full specifications, will be drawn up and
transmitted to the department for the decision of the Secretary of the
Treasury. The contract will be accompanied by a list of all the bids, ,
together with such information as the superintendent may have been
able to obtain as to the character and responsibility of the bidders. This
contract will not be binding on the United States until approved by the
Secretary of the Treasury. It is not to be understood that any agent of
the Treasury Department is bound to accept the lowest bid—the object
of the advertisement is to invite competition. After receiving proposals,
every agent will exercise a sound discretion as to accepting or rejecting
even the most favorable offer received. Contracts should be drawn in
triplicate—one for the department, one for the superintendent, and one
for the contractor—and must be attested by two witnesses., Mere verbal
282
II. Doc. 3.
agreements for the supply of materials to any great extent should be
avoided. In such cases a regular legal instalment should be executed.
The superintendent will accompany each contract with his certificate,
stating that the contract was given to the lowest responsible bidder, that
he believes the prices to be reasonable, and that no member of Congress, or any person employed on the work, is directly or indirectly
interested in the contract.
23. Contracts for services or supplies under the Treasury Department
will only be made with those who are to render the one and furnish the
other—namely, master-workmen and dealers; and no contract will be
transferred under any circumstances, but the same must be executed by
the original obligor, or, in case of his death, by his legal representative.
24. To guard against claims for extra work, care will be taken to
mention in the specifications all the work that can be anticipated; but
should it happen that additional stipulations are afterwards found to be
necessary, new contracts covering them will be made and submitted for
the action of the Secretary of the Treasury.
25. To secure the faithful performance of contracts under the Treasury Department, the superintendent will require at least two good and
sufficient sureties to each contract; and no officer, agent, or other person who is under bond to the United States, or on a bond for any other
officer or agent, will be admitted as surety for the fulfilment of a contract under this department. As additional security, ten per cent, will
be retained out of each payment, to be paid over to the contractor upon
his completing his contract to the satisfaction of the superintendent; or,
in default of his so doing, to be forfeited to the United States.
26. The superintendent having charge of the construction of a custom-house, or other building under the Treasury Department, will
keep the following books:
A " Letter-book," in which will be copied all letters relating to the
work.
A "Journal," containing daily records of the occupation of every
person employed on the work.
A " Book of Materials," in which will be entered, under its appropriate head, every kind of-materials received, specifying kind, quantity,
and cost.
An " Abstract-book," in which the " triplicate'* of eadh set of abstracts will be kept.
A "Time-ledger," in which will be recorded daily the time made by
each individual employed.
A " Balance book," in which will be entered the amount of each
.appropriation made for the work, the amount remitted, and balance m
treasury available for the future use of the work.
These books, with all papers, plans, models, &c., are public property,
and subject to the order of the Secretary of the Treasury.
27. The superintendent charged with the construction of a customhouse, or other public building under the Treasury Department, vn\W
on the 30th of September of each year, make a report of the progress ot
the work under his charge during the year, illustrated by drawings
showing,the' exact state of advancement of the work up to that time.
The report should exhibit briefly, but clearly, every transaction connected with the work during the year. A similar report will be
II. Doc. 3.
283
for the quarter ending the 30th September of each year, with a programme of operations for the current and ensuing year. This partial
quarterly report to be merged in the next annual report.
28. The superintendent will make, at the close of each quarter, a
return of public property, (form No. 7,) exhibiting amount purchased
during the quarter, amount consumed during the quarter, and quantity
on hand at the expiration of the quarter.
29. The superintendent, after being notified by the department of an
appropriation for the work under his charge, will submit a project of
operations under the appropriation, accompanied by a detailed statement of the proposed application of the available funds, (form No. 8.)
30. The superintendent will, at the end of each month, make a
report, (form No. 9,) in which will be exhibited, in tabular form, the
amount of each description of work done during the month, and its cost;
the amount and cost of -materials, machinery, &c., purchased; the
number of persons employed, and the amount of their wages; a brief
explanation of the parts of the work to which the materials and labor
were applied; and a cash statement showing the amount of funds on
hand at the commencement of the month, the amount received during
the month, the amount expended during the month/and the balance on
hand at the expiration of the month. *
31. The superintendent is responsible for all public property belonging to the work under his charge, and if any of it be lost or destroyed by
his neglect, he will be charged with the value therecff.
32. Whenever a superintendent, charged with the construction of
any building under the Treasury Department, shall be removed from
his situation, or relieved temporarily from his superintendence, he shall,
as far as practicable, settle his accounts up to the time of his being
relieved, and shall furnish his successor with a certified "statement of all
outstanding debts, a duplicate of which statement shall be forwarded to
the department. He will also turn over to his successor all public
property in his custody, as shown by the " quantity on hand" on the
last quarterly return, and amount purchased since then. He will receive
duplicate receipts from his successor for all property so turned over, one
of which he will forward to the department.
33. No deviation from the original plan will be made by the superintendent until it shall have been submitted to the department, and have
received the sanction of the Secretary of the Treasury.
34. Upon the completion of a work, the superintendent will report
the same as ready for final inspection, and prepare a statement of the
whole cost, which, together with all the books and papers belonging to
the work, and a complete set of plans, he will forward to Ihe department.
35. All communications from this department to those subject to its
orders will be promptly acknowledged, and all official communications
will be addressed to the Secretary of the Treasury's office.
36. All documents enclosed to this office should be so endorsed as to
show at a glance their purport, and should be accompanied by a letter
enumerating the contents of the package.
37. Upon the completion of a custom-house, or other building under
the Treasury Department, a general return of the total amount of
materials, machinery, &c., &c., will be made from the aggregate of pur-
284
II. Doc. 3.
chases as shown by the column of " quantity purchased during the
quarter," on general quarterly return.
3S. All reports, returns, projects and estimates, required by the foregoing regulations, will be made by the superintendent, and forwarded
by him directly to this office. AH vouchers for purchases and expenditures will be made out, as required in rale 19th, by the superintendent,
certified by him, and sent immediately to the disbursing agent, whose
duty it is to pay them promptly. The superintendent will also make
out abstracts and accounts current, as required by rule 19th, two of
which, at the expiration of each quarter, he will deliver to the disbursing
agent, and retain the triplicate in hie own office.
H.
Doc.
285
3.
TORMNo. 1.
Estimate
of funds
at
required for service of •
• •• , 185 .
month of
during
the
Cost.
Application of funds.
Extent.
Dollars.
Designation of parts to which it
is proposed to apply workmanship and materials.
Cents.
Amount estimated for
Amount on hand.
Amount required.
A.
B.,
Superintendent.
Z
. .
, 185 .
286
H.
Doc- 3 .
FORM No. 2.
T H E UNITED
STATES
To
DR.
On account oj the appropriation for the completion of the — a t <
Amount,
Date.
Application.
Designation.
m
Dollar*.
Cents.
I certify that the articles above enamerated have been received, and tho services performed; that they were n e c t a r y for, and have been or will be applied to, tho c o n r t r u c u w j
of the
that the pneel paid were just ana
reasonable.
Keceircd at —
d u b a n m g agent,
in
this
dat of —
the sum of —
. 165
, from — — —
-
P ^ e n t of the above account.
[Signed in triplicate.]
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II. Doc. 3.
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H. Doc. 3.
FORM No. 5.
11
Abstract of dishrrsements by
, disbursing agent, on ac~
count of the appropriation for the completion of the
—
at
1
during the quarter ending
, 1S5 .
Amount,
No. of Nature of purchase or expenditure.
Toucher.
To whom paid or of whom
purchased.
Dollv.
Cents.
•
[Signed in triplicate-!
II. Doc. 3.
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291
292
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'dlHSNVKXEOM *riVni3J.VJI AEEKUIOVK 'gsaOMaONlXNO^
H. Doc. 3.
293
FORM No. &
Statement accompanying and referred to in the project of operations on
during the year ending
,
185 , exhibiting the proposed application of the funds available for that
year•
Amount in bands of agent at the Amount in treasury at Amount of appro Total amount
end of last year,
end of last year,
priation for presavailable for
ent year,
present year,
CostProposed application of the amount Extent
available for present year.
UI
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Designation of the parts of the work
to which it is proposed to apply
Dolls. Cta. materials and workmanship.
H.Doc-3
294
FOBM NO, 9 .
Monthly
report
of operations on
, at —
month of
Tfor
, 185
ths
Masons (20) have been employed in laying bricks in front wall, stons
in basement of the rear, <fcc.
Carpenters (10) have been employed, &c.
Blacksmiths (5) have, &c.
Laborers (75) have, &c*
Probable operations for the mouth of -
Masons ( )
Carpenters (
&c*
&c.
-
)
&c.
A. B.,
Superintendent*
CASH ACCOUNT.
On hand at commencement o f —
Received during the month
}
185
$
.
Total
Expended during the month
Balance on hand
A. B.,
Superintendent.
AU.
Memorandum
of organization for progressing
with the custom-house
Charleston, South
Carolina.
at
The construction of the custom-house at Charleston, South Carolina,
shall be under the direction and management of Edward B. White, as
superintendent and architect, subject to the direction of the S e c r e t a r y of
the Treasury, and his compensation in 1>oth capacities shall be eight
dollars per day. He shall appoint an assistant architect, at a c o m p e n s a tion of five dollars per day.
It shall be the duty of the superintendent and architect to c a u s e the
Charleston custom-house to be constructed upon the plan furnished him
by the Department of the Treasury, with the following exceptions,
to wit:
1. The north and south porticos are to be dispensed with.
II. Doc. 3.
295
2. The north and south walls are to be so extended as to embrace
the space the porticos would have occupied.
The superintendent shall have the employment and dismissal of the
following and all other employes and laborers on the work, to wit:
First overseer, who shall call the roll and keep the time of each individual on the work, and shall have the charge of such portion of the
force and discharge such other duties as the superintendent shall direct,
and his compensation shall be three dollars per day.
Also, a second overseer, who shall have charge of such portion of the
hands and perform such other duties as the superintendent shall direct,
and shall be responsible for the safe keeping of the tools, &c.; his compensation shall be two dollars and fifty cents per day.
Also, a third overseer, who shall have charge of such portion of the
hands and perform such other duties as the superintendent shall direct,
and his compensation shall be two dollars and fifty cents per day.
Also, as many master-mechanics—to have charge of the mechanics
Employed —as the necessities of the work shall require, under the direction and control of the first overseer; and each master-mechanic shall
receive a compensation of two dollars and fifty cents per day.
The superintendent will have the right to call to his aid, in the employment of the hands, any or all of the overseers and master-mechanics,
and also require from them written reports of those who fail to discharge
the labor required of them.
He will also nominate to the Secretary of the Treasury, for his approval, a clerk to keep the books, records, and accounts of the custom1
house, under the eeneral rules and directions of the department. The
compensation of tne clerk will be at the rate of one thousand dollars per
year.
The collector of the port of Charleston, South Carolina, shall be
commissioner of the custom-house constructing at that port, and, as
such, shall be the disbursing agent of the department in paying for the
labor and materials furnished for the same, all of which shall be paid on
the written requisition of the superintendent; but he shall receive no
compensation as commissioner except the commission allowed by law to
collectors as disbursing agents. He shall, at the close of each month,
furnish a written report of all moneys paid by him on the requisition
of the superintendent
The superintendent and collector shall be a board of contractors for
the materials needed for the custom-house at Charleston, and shall
comply with all the requirements of the general directions of this department on the subject, a copy of which will be furnished.
The superintendent will continue the monthly repoits made to this
department as heretofore until otherwise directed, and will regulate the
employment of persons for the custom-house as herein directed.
In explanation
of the change as to the north and south
porticos.—The
walls of the north and south porticos are to be brought forwurd to the
rear of the columns, and the other walls extended to them, so that the
space now occupied by the porticos will be embraced within the walls.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury,
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, August 1 2 , 1 8 5 3 .
296
II. Doc. 3.
AY
Statement of the amount expended upon each of the marine hospitals of
the United States, including sites, structures, furniture, and repairs;
together icith the condition of those now in the course of erection; and an
account of what evidences of title to the several sites are on file in the
Treasury Department.
New Orkansj La.—The Rrgisterof the Treasury exhibits an expenditure for this work of §123,081, between the years 1S37 and 1S51.
There are no title papers on file in the department.
Mobile, Ala.—The site was purchased June 20, 15-JS, for 84,000.
There was expended for structure, <fcc., between the years lS3Sand
1851, the sum of $39,140. The deed conveying the site, approved by
G. W. Gayle, esq., then United Slates district attorney, is on file in the
First Comptroller's office.
Chelsea, Moss.—The hofpital was erectcd in the years lS36and 1837,
at a cost of §28,100 06. There ore no title papers on file in the department.
Ocracoke, N C—The hospital at this port was erected in the years
1845 and 1S46, at a cost, including the site, of 88,927 07. The only
title paper on file in the department is a certified copy of the act of the
legislature of North Carolina, ceding to the United States jurisdiction
over the site.
Key Westf Fla.~The site was purchased September 10, 1833, and
November 30, 1814, for the aggregate sum of §1,500. Between the
years lS44and 1851, there was'expended on the building the sum of
25,600. The title deeds, which have been submitted to the Attorney
General, under the joint resolution of Congress of 11th September, 1841,
and approved, are on file in the First Comptroller's office.
Pittsburg, Pa.—Site purchased September 7, IS 12; cost $10,253*
There has been expended on the structure, which is nearly completed
and is occupied, the sum of $60,316 83. The deed is on file in the
First Comptroller's office.
Cleveland, Ohio.—The site was purchased October 11, 1837, for
$12,000. There has been expended on the structure the sum of
$54,972 05. The hospital is now occupied, though some of its rooms
are not completed. There yet remain to be done the completion ana
finishing of these apartments, the grading of the grounds, the securing
of the slopes (that reach the lake) from the washing of its waters, and the
enclosing of the whole premises by a proper fence. The deed is on file
as above.
St. Louis, Mo.—The site is a part of the arsenal property; $54,281
have been expended on this work, and the same is now rapidly progressing to completion. It will be ready for occupation the coming spring.
San Francisco, Cat—The site is on the government reserve on Kincon Point; S47,G72 93 had been expended, by the last returns.
hospital will soon be ready for occupation. The construction of a deadhouse and other offices, grading of the grounds, and the enclosing oi
the premises, yet remain to be done.
Louisville, Ay.—The site was purchased November 2,
«>
$6,000. On the structure $41,107 10 have been expended. The nos
II. Doc. 3.
297
pital is now occupied. It is completed, with the exception of the construction of t ivo hot-air furnaces, and the building of suitable fences,
l h e title deeris are on file as above.
Ky.—The site was purchased December 26, 1837, and cost
§1,000. 1 nere have been expended on the structure ©48,625. The
hospital is now occupied. The work yet remaining to be done consists
of the procuring of two copper boilers to the hot-air furnaces, the tubing
connecting the same with the baths, &c., the layingof brick pavements,
and the building of suitable fences, enclosing a yard of suitable size, and
the completion of the grading, terraces, drains, cfec. The title deed,
Attorney General's approval of the same, and the act of the legislature
of Kentucky consenting to the purchase of the site, are on file in the
First Comp i l e r ' s office.
Napoleon, Ark.—Site purchased September 15, 1S37, at a cost of
$1,000. There have been expended in the structure $53,250. There
yet remains much to be done, before the building will be ready for occupation. This includes the completing of the interior finish, the hanging
of the doors, painting the interior and exterior, arranging the bathing
rooms, grading, terracing, and draining the grounds. The title deed is
on file as above.
Natchez, Miss.—The site purchased August 9, 1837, cost $7,000.
There have been expended §57,250 on the structure. This is occupied,
though not yet completed. That which remains to be done is mainly
the construction of hot-air furnaces and heaters, the erection of forcepumps to serve as fire-engines, cV,c., with conduits to convey water to
all parts of the building, the making of the brick pavement, and the construction of a balustrade fence, in part, in front of the hospital. The
deed is on file as above.
Chicago, III.—Ttie site of this hospital is a part of the military reserve. That part allotted for hospital purposes is indicated on a plat
transmitted from the War Department, September 15, 1853.* The hospital is occupied. The grounds require grading, and the site should be
enclosed within a suitable and substantial iron fence. There have been
expended on this work §49,712.
Evamvitle, la.—The site was purchased April 29, 1853, for $6,000;
$39,000 remain for the construction of the building, which is under
contract, conditioned for its completion July ], 1855. The deed' is on
file as above.
Portland, Maine.—Congress appropriated $30,000 for this work,
August 31, 1852; and a site, known as "Martin's Point Farm," was
purchased November 11, 1852, for $11,000. This selection not being
considered judicious, a second commission has been appointed to select
another site. Their recommendation has not yet been acted upon. The
deed is on file as above.
Norfolk, Va.—Between the years 1834 and 1849, the sum of $9,160 01
was expended on the hospital. There are no evidences of title in this
department.
Vicksburg, Miss.—The site was purchased October, 1853, for $4,000.
The deed has been returned to Mississippi for record. The act of the
legislature of Mississippi, ceding to the United States jurisdiction over
the site, is on file in the First Comptroller's office.
II. Doc. 3.
298
AW,
Report of the Board of Supervising
Inspectors.
BOARD OF SUPERVISING INSPECTORS,
Cincinnati, November 9, 1853.
SIR: The steamboat law, which was passed on the 30th August, 1852,
having now been in force for several months, the Board of Supervising
Inspectors conceive that it is their duty, under the 40th section of that
law, at this their first regular yearly meeting, to report to you their
views and opinions of the operation of the law, together with some
suggestions and recommendations of a supplementary act thereto.
With a view to prepare such report, this board, at iheir meeting
at Pittsburg, in August last, passed a resolution requiring the local
boards of inspectors to prepare and present to their supervising inspectors reports showing the amount of duty performed by each board, and
" all such other general information, in regard to the operation of the
law under which they act, as may be of value or interest."
Such were very generally presented, and in compliance therewith,
and upon the organization of the present meeting, were read and referred*
The principal part of the following report is the result of the information
thus obtained from the local boards:
REPORT.
We find, upon examination of the reports from the local boanls, that
they are not so complete in many respects as might be wished, in order
to arrive at a perfectly correct statement of the results of the operation of
the steamboat law; but they are of the opinion that the information
therein embodied is sufficient to show that the operation of the law has
been highly beneficial, and has, in a great degree, attained the object
for which the law was established, viz: greater safety to the lives of_pas*
sengers. In order to show what have been the nature and extent of the
duties performed by the inspectors under the law, they present the following condensed statement, as obtained from the various local boards:
The following table contains an exhibit, as complete as can be made
from the reports of the local boards, ot—
1st. The number of steam-vessels to which certificates have been
granted.
2d. The number of steamers reported for violating the law.
,
3d. The number of accidents (of such a character as to come witnin
the cognizance of the law) that have occurred since it went into
operation.
4th. The number of boilers found defective upon inspection.
5th. The number of pilots licensed.
6th. The number of engineers and assistants licensed.
7th. The number of licenses to pilots and engineers revoked.
8th. The number of pilots and engineers to whom licenses have been
refused.
9th. Amount of tonnage of steam-vessels inspected.
^ In regard to the number of steamers reported for violation of the flaw,
it is proper to remark, that, as a rule, no vessels were reported Ipr
violation, unless such violation was continued after being notified oi i
same; so that the number thus reported falls far short of the
Digitized fornumber
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Several masters, pilots, and engineers have been Tepcrted for violation
of the law, hut it is not deemed important to exhibit them in the table.
The accidents reported in the table are those against which the law
was intended as a safeguard, and does not include the ordinary and
trifling accidents to steamboats, such as breaking of parts of the machinery, tfce., unless such accidents have resulted in loss of life.
In regard to the licensing of engineers and pilots, we would remark
that it has not been the aim of the inspectors to show up in a strong
manner the want of qualifications, ability, and fitness of applicants; but
in most cases, when it was evident the applicant could not pass for the
position for which he applied, he has been induced either to withdraw
ins application or accept a license for a lower grade than that (or which
he originally applied. This mode of proceeding will also account for
the small number of licenses recorded an having been refused.
The revocations and suspensions of licenses being penalties inflicted
for infractions of the law, have bfew made with a great degree of caution, and we believe in no case without giving the party ample notice of
the charge* against him, an opportunity either to disprove them, or pre*
sent in defence such palliating circumstances or occurrences as should be
properly considered in fixing upon or waiving the penalty.
The column of the table showing the amount of tonnage of steamers
inspected is but an approximation, but is supposed to be very nearly
correct.
In addition to the information contained in the table, we would state
that, by the report of the local board at Philadelphia, there h a v e been carried on board the thirty.two passenger steamers of that d i s t r i c t , inspected
under this law, during a running vseason of four months, 682,402 passengers, without any loss of life or bodily injury to anjr passenger.
Also, that by the report of the local inspectors of Baltimore; there have
been carried by the passenger steamers of that district, inspected under
the law, from the 1st June,' 1S53, to 1st November, IS53, 143,578 passengers, without loss of life or bodily injury to any passenger.
The above reports of the number of passengers carried by the passenger steamers of those districts were presented voluntarily by the local
boards; but it is intended that hereafter, similar reports shall be generally
presented.
The following are the accidents which have occurred, i n v o l v i n g the
loss of life or property, since the law of August 30, 1852 :
.
In thefirst supervising district.—The steamer " Empire State, in AP"1
last, while on her passage from New York to Fall River, collapsed a Hue
in her larboard boiler. The boat sustained no damage, nor was any
person injured. At the time of this accident the boat had not been inspected.
The steamer "Ocean," on the night of the 2Sth June last, was rnn
upon a ledge of rocks off Cape Ann, called the Londoner. The calico
the accident was investigated, by which it was shown that it did noto ^
cur through any carelessness or negligence on the part of the pil<>t> .
from a peculiar brilliancy of the Thucher's Island light, by whicjii
pilot was deceived in regard to his correct distance from that hgnt,
loss of life or injury to passengers resulted thereirom.
her
The steamer "Bay Stare," on the 10th September last, while on i
passage from Fall River to New Yorfc broke her crank-pin, where
II. Doc. 3.
301
serted in the driving-crank, which resulted in the breaking of the cylinder head, and permitting the escape of steam into the stateroom cabin. Fortunately there were no passengers in the saloon of this cabin, it occurring
between three and four o'clock a. m.; but several of the stateroom doors
were thrown open by the passengers occupying the rooms, thereby exposing themselves to the steam thus escaping int) the cabin. Five of these
passengers, occupying staterooms immediately alongside of the engine,
lost their lives in thus opening their staterooms. We conceive that no
blame can be attached to the engineers of this boat on account of this
accident, as it was shown, upon inquiry, that but a few days previous to
the accident the connecting-rod had been detached, and the crank pin
carefully examined, and no signs of weakness or fracture were discovered. The conduct of the officers at the time of the accident is to be
highly commended, as it was only through their coolness and judgment that a much larger loss of life did not result.
Second supervising district.—The steamer " New World," on the
morning of the 1st of July last, whilst lying at the wharf in the city of New
York, and but a few minutes previous to the time of starting on her
passage to Albany, collapsed at the same instant four of the main flues
to the outside furnace of the port boiler, resulting in the loss of the lives
of eight persons, ail of them firemen, and other hands belonging to the
boat.
The accident was very thoroughly investigated and reported upon
fully to the collector of the port. The principal results arrived at were,
that the accident was caused by an excessive pressure of steam, which
excessive pressure gradually accumulating, was unknown to the firemen
on account of a derangement of the steam-gauges, whereby they indicated a pressure several pounds less than that actually upon the boilers.
The license of the chief engineer was revoked, and that of the assistant suspended. The penalties inflicted would have been much more
severe, but for the fact that at the time of the accident the boat had not
been inspected according to the law.
In this district two collisions with sailing-vessels have occurred, involving loss of life; in both cases it appeared most satisfactorily that
the fault occasioning the collisions was entirely with those managing
the sailing-vessels.
In this district three steamboats have been on fire dangerously, and
one slightly. In the first three cases the fires were extinguished by
the prompt use of the fire-pumps provided in conformity with the provisions of the law, and in one instance the lives of all on board were probably thereby saved ; in the other case mentioned, the fire was extinguished by the use of the fire-buckets provided.
The steamship " Cherokee" was burned in the night, at her wharf in
the city of New York ; the cause of the fire remains undiscovered ; no
loss of life resulted.
The steamer " Albatross," licensed at New York, was lost on a coral
reef in the Gulf of Mexico, but there was no loss of life to either passenger or crew.
The lives of three passengers have been saved by the life-preservers
provided by law; in all these cases the passengers fell overboard, the
life-preserver in one instance falling over at the same time, and in the
other cases being thrown over by persons on board the vessel.
302
H. Doc- 3
Third supervising district.—The steamer " Columbia " was ran
ashore in a fog; no lo3S of life resulted.
The steamer " Cambridge" was burned in Rappahannock river about
the middle of September last; a thorough investigation was instituted,
but no satisfactory conclusion arrived at as to the cause of the fire.
There was no loss of life by the disaster, and great credit is due, according to the testimony of the passengers, to both officers and crew of this
vessel, for their coolness, and the manner in which they succeeded in
saving the passengers and their luggage after all hope of saving the vessel was gone. It is worthy of remark, in regard to this disaster, that
the engineer, in giving his testimony, states as his deliberate and decided opinion, that had there been a pipe for discharging steam in the
hold of the vessel, as recommended by the board of supervising inspectors, the fire could have been immediately extinguished when first discovered.
Fourth si/pervising district.—A collision occurred between the steamer
u
Swallow" and the steamer " Howard," by which the steamer "Swallow" was sunk. Neither boat had been inspected under the taw. On
account of the early period at which this accident occuired, before the
board were properly organized, no investigation was had in the case.
The passenger steamer " Southern Belle" came in collision with the
freight steamer " Daniel Boone," by which the Daniel Boone was sunk;
no loss of life resulted. A careful investigation was had into the cause of
this accident, and it being evident, from the testimony in the case, that
it was the result of negligence or carelessness on the part of the pilots
of both steamers, the licenses of those of the " Southern Belle " and
" Daniel Boone " were revoked.
There have also been three collisions in this district, by which,however, no loss of life occurred. These cases were investigated, and the
pilots suspended. No report has been received in regard to the accidents
in California, there having been no inspectors appointed.
Fifth supervising district,~\\x this disUict six steamers have been
burned at the levee in St. Louis, but there was no loss of hie. As these
cases did not come properly within the cognizance of the inspectors, no
investigation was instituted.
There have also been two collisions in this district; no loss of life***
occasioned in either case. In one case the pilot of the boat co»ipla»nea
of was ascertained to have no license, and a prosecution has been commenced against him, under the law, for acting as a pilot wiihout a license*
In the other case it was found, upon investigation, that the accidem
resulted from no carelessness or negligence on the part of the pilots, DIU
from their losing control of the steerage of one of the boats on accoum
of her proximity to a bar.
.
There has also been a boat sunk in coming in contact with some oD*
straction in a newly cut channel. By this accident the lives of three «
the crew were lost.
f rf
Strth supervising district—No accident involving the loss of in
Occurred in this district, to any steamboat inspected under the law.
Seventh supervising district.—In this district t h e r e has been n o ^
cident by which loss of life has occurred to any passenger.
. The steamer « Buckeye State," on the 15th May l a s t , bursted a steam,
pipe, by which one of the crew lost his life. This boat had not
II. Doc. 3.
303
inspected under the law. If the hydrostatic test, required by the law
had been applied, the defect in this pipe would undoubtedly have been
discovered, and the accident prevented.
The steamer "Memphis No. 2" was lost in February last by being run
ashore. The case was investigated, and it was ascertained to have been
caused by the carelessness of the pilot; his license was therefore revoked.
There have also occurred in this district four collisions; no loss of life
resulted. The cases were all investigated. In each case one or more
of the pilots were suspended. In one of these cases the pilot was so
acting without a license. Upon its being investigated, and this fact
appearing, the penalty of $100 for the offence was inflicted; which was
paid to the inspectors, and by them paid over to the collector.
There have been three steamers burned in this district, at the wharf,
while dismantled and laid up. I t is worthy of remark, that a freight
.steamer in this district, while being loaded for her voyage, was visited
by the inspectors, and, after examination, they notified the officers that
the boat was unsafe, on account of her liability to take fire from improper
arrangements about the boilers. The officers paid no attention to the
caution, and the boat proceeded on her voyage, and in about eight or
ten hours from the time of leaving port she took fire, and was entirely
consumed.
Eighth supervising district.—In this district no loss of life has occurred to any boat inspected under the law.
The passenger steamer "Buffalo," in the month of May last, came in
collision with the government steamer "Michigan." No lives were, however, lost thereby. An investigation was held, and it being conclusively shown that it resulted from no carelessness or negbgeuce on the;
part of the pilots of the "Buffalo," no penalties were imposed.
We would, however, remark, as an evidence of the importance of the
present steamboat law, that one of the local boards of this district was
called upon to inspect a steamer: they did so, but refused to grant a
certificate, as they considered her quite unsafe. The master then requested a permit to go to another port to repair. The inspectors refused
to grant such permit to run as a passenger steamer. The master then
stated that he would go to another port without passengers. The vessel
started on her voyage for that purpose, and within about forty-eight
hours from the time of leaving, the boiler blew up, the vessel sunk, and
was a total loss. By this disaster several lives were lost, but the exact,
number is not known.
Ninth supervising district.—In this there have been two collisions
between steamers. The first case was that of the steamer "St. Iiawrence"
and the steamer "Queen City"—both passenger steamers. By this
accident there was no loss of life or injury to any person. Testimony
has been taken in the case, but no decision has yet been arrived at.
The second case'was that between the passenger steamer " Louisiana"
and the freight propeller-steamer " Detroit." No^ loss of life or injury
to any person resulted from this collision. This case is now uuder
investigation.
The steamer "Mississippi," on the evening of the 17th August last,
had a collapse of one of the flues of the centre boilers, which resulted
in the loss of the life of one of the coal-heavers. ThiVcase was investigated, and it was decided that the accident was, caused by a defect in
304
II. Doc. 3.
the iron of which the flue was constructed, and which w a s not visible
at the time the boiler was inspected.
This boiler had been previously tested by hydrostatic pressure, and it
was conclusively shown, by the testimony of the witne^e.% that the
pressure of steam at the time of the accident was feveral pounds less
than permitted by the certificate. The board therefore adjudged that no
fault was to be attributed to the engineers; consequently N J penalty was
imposed.
Were we in possession of, or had we access to, proper statistics, we
would wish to present a view of the loss of life and property 'or the few
months that the law has been in operation, in comparison with the previous five or ten years; but being unable to do this, we present the following comparison, showing the beneficial etfects of the law upon the
western waters, as furnished to us by a member of one of the local
boards of that section. He says :
" In thirteen months— from the 11th day of December, 1 S I9, to the
11th day of January, 1851, which was about the time that elapsed between the explosion of the steamers 1 Louisiana* and 4 Knoxvitle,' both
of which occurred at the wharf at New Orleans—no less than fifteen
explosions took place on the western and southern rivers, killing three
hundred persons, and destroying property to the amount of §*ju0,000.
From the llth day of January, 1851, to the 30th day of August, 1S52—
which is a little less than nineteen months1 time—nineteen explosions
occurred on the western and southern rivers, killing tnree hundred and
ninety persons, and destroying property to the amount of §578,000.
"The present steamboat law passed on the 30th August, \ b')2, but did
not go into effect (upon the western and southern river*) umil the 1st
of January, 1853. Two boats have exploded since the 1st of January—
the 1 Bee,' on the Ohio river near Evansville, by which three persons
were killed, and property damaged to the amount of §1,000; and the
< Farmer/ on Galveston hay, by which some thirty five j^rMms were
lost, and the boat sunk immediately—a total loss, amounting to about
§25,000. These two boats exploded soon after the law went into effect,
but neither of them (the < Bee* was a freight boat ; so was the steamer
' Buckeye Belle,' which exploded, on* the Muskingum river, after
the law passed, but before it went into effect, by which thirty-three per*
sons were killed, aud property destroyed to the amount of g3,<HM))^had
been fitted out in accordance with the requirements of the law. Their
boilers had not been subjected to the hydrostatic test, nor were they
supplied with the alloy, steam gauges, water-gauges, &c. I feel confident, had these three boats been inspected as required by the law* no ex*
plosion would have taken place; for not a single boat, up to this time,
has exploded on the rivers emptying into the Gulf of Mexico and thetr
tributaries, that had been inspected according to the taw. In the fourteen months since the passage of the law, (including the four months
that intervened between its passage and the lime of its going into effect,)
only three explosions have occurred, which is an average of a little more
than one explosion in five months; while for the thirty-two months preceding its passage, thirty-four explosions occurred—an a v e r a g e of over
one a month. The average loss of life for the same period previous to
the passage of the law, was about twenty-one persons per month; while
the average per month since the passage of the law is but five persons.
II. Doc. 3.
305
"Again: the average loss of property for the thirty two months preceding the passage of the law, was about $30,000 psr month; while the
average loss of property for the fourteen months since the passage of the
law is about $2,000 per month."
These comparisons show most clearly that for some reason there has
been, since the passage of the law, great additional security on board
passenger steamers to life and property. Whether this is to be attributed solely to the operation of the law, or to fortuitous circumstances,
we will not express an opinion, but leave each one to judge for himself,
The general operation of the law.
It has been our desire to ascertain, as far as possible, the benefits resulting from the passage of the law of August 30, 1852, and the opinions
of persons connected with steamboats and their operations.
When the law first went into effect it met great opposition, not only
from many persons interested as owners in steamboats, but also from
many of the engineers and pilots—persons who are, in our opinion,
more highly benefited, in a pecuniary and social point of view, than
any others, as the effect must be not only to maintain a high rate of
wages to those holding licenses under the law, but also to elevate materially their social position. This opposition to the Jaw has decreased
rapidly, and many of those formerly arrayed in the ranks of its enemies
are now numbered among its strongest friends.
It is also worthy of note, that it is found that insurance companies are
far more ready to take risks upon those steamers which have been inspected under the law than upon others.
The beneficial effects of the law are also shown in the returning
confidence of the travelling public in this mode of conveyance. Finally,
we would state, as our unanimous opinion, that the greater the experience had in the operation of the law, the greater will become the
number of its friends, and the less the opposition to its enforcement;
and not only so, but the wisdom of Congress in enacting this law
will become more and more apparent.
We do not by this mean to assert that the law is perfect in all its
provisions and enactments; on the contrary, we have found many
difficulties in carrying it out, that in our opinion may, by some further
legislation, be either partially or wholly removed. Our views upon this
point will be found more in detail in a subsequent part of this report.
As confirming the views we have expressed in regard to the general
operation of the law, we would quote the following extracts from the
reports of several of the local boards.
In one of the reports, the inspectors speak of the disposition of owners
and masters readily to comply with all the requirements of the law.
Another says: As regards the operation of the law in this district, it has
not been and cannot be otherwise than salutary. The undersigned
have met with some little opposition in the performance of duty; but, as
a general thing, are happy to state fiat we have been met by the owners
and officers of steamers with kindness, and a determination to carry out
the spirit of the law. We are also convinced that when the public are
more acquainted with the additional security to the lives of passengers
on steam-vessels, in case of accident by fire, steam and water, governed
20
306
II. Doc. 3.
by the enforcement of the law, its popularity and permanence would be
at once established. We also think that the system of licensing engineers and pilots has had its good effect in stimulating a laudable ambition to perfect themselves in a knowledge of their business, and have
no doubt but that in future examinations the improvement will b&
manifest.
The inspectors in another district, where there is much travel by
steamboats, report the good effects of the operation of the law; they
state that boilers and engines are now kept in better order than formerly,
and that inquiry is awakened among engineers, and that both they and
pilots have become sensible of the great responsibility resting upon
them. The opposition to the law has in a great degree settled down,
and it is becoming more popular with those who understand its features;
and it is only necessary for the travelling community to know the safeguards that have been thrown around them, and all opposition will
cease.
The law has worked well, and given general satisfaction in this district. The only thing we have to regret is, that ferry-boats do not come
under the law. We have observed much want of caution in their management, and feel convinced that the community have more to fear from
explosions of boilers in such boats, than in passenger boats, under the
law. We take great pleasure in testifying to the good effects of the law,
not only in being the means of avoiding accidents to steamers, but also
in its effects upon that class of men who come under its immediate
operation, by raising them in the estimation of the public as well as in
their own.
Another board reports: There have been twenty-one steamboats built
and finished in this district since the first of January last. These steamboats have given entire satisfaction. The captains and engineers (many
of whom were opposed to the standard of 5 team) have given information
that thfeir boats perform well, and do more work, with the same amount
of fuel, than under similar circumstances with boats before the passage
of the law. There has been considerable opposition to the law in this
district in general, and particularly to the standard of steam. This
opposition is fast wearing away. The working of the act of 30th
August, 1852, has demonstrated the value and utility of the law; hence
the change now taking place in the views of owners and captains of
steamboats*
We would further state, in conclusion, that at the time the law went
into effect, there were very few whe entertained a favorable opinion of
it—believing it impracticable; but, as the season advanced, those moat
opposed to the law at its commencement came forward and expressed
warmly their approbation of it* success; that at this time it is fast gaining the confidence of the travelling community, and that the present
law will meet their wants. We would further state that the insurance
companies have taken a deep interest in the carrying out of the law according to its true intent and spirit; they went so far as to call a meeting*
and passed resolutions to use their influence in favor of such vessels as
have been equipped according to the law.
Several of the local boards have expressed the opinion that some further legislation is required, in order that the full benefits of the law
may be attained. A report from one of the local boards represents thai
II. Doc. 3.
307
many complaints have been made by the pilots and masters of passenger
steamers running on the rivers and bays, where there are many sailingvessels, flat-boats, and rafts; that they have great difficulty in avoiding
collisions with the same, in consequence of their showing no lights, by
which their course or position may be determined. This difficulty
could be avoided by a resolution of Congress compelling all such sailvessels, &c., to carry a light in one or more conspicuous places; those
at anchor to show their light in a manner different from those under
way.
Another board in their report also recommended that a proper system
of lights be adopted for sailing-vessels, in order to avoid collisions upon
bays and rivers.
Another board says that complaints are made by masters and pilots of
passenger steamers that freight steamers and tow boats do not carry
lights, in compliance with the law for passenger steamers, and they
urge that steps be taken to bring them under the same law.
In addition to the above, from the local boards, we would state that
very serious complaints have been made to us of the great difficulty
that the pilots of passenger steamers'frequently have to avoid collisions
with freight steamers and tow-boats, on account of the utter indifference
on the part of the unlicensed pilots of those steamers, as they are not
amenable to the law. Not only so, but cases have been reported where
these unlicensed pilots have evidently endeavored to annoy the licensed
pilots in every possible way. In consequence of these difficulties, licensed engineers and pilots have urged in the strongest manner that the
pilots and engineers of freight boats, tow-boats, and all other steam vessels, be required to take out licenses under the law.
Suggestions in regard to a supplementary act.
1. We would suggest the propriety of Congress authorizing the appointment of a supervising inspector for the Pacific, and the establishment of a local board of inspectors at Oregon; and would briefly state,
among other reasons for making the suggestion, the large amount of duties required of the supervising inspector of the fourth district, and the remote point requiring the attention of a supervising inspector on the Pacific, must necessarily lead to a neglect of duties on that coast, or the
Mississippi and other parts of the fourth district; and, in addition, the
increasing steam marine on the Pacific demands the entire attention of a
supervising inspector, and local boards both at Oregon and San Francisco, as advised.
2. We would recommend thepassageof a supplementary act, whereby
that portion of steamers styled (in the 42d section of act relating to
steamboats, approved August 30, 1852) ferry-boats, freight-boats, tugboats, and towing boats, and steamers not exceeding 150 tons, and used,
in whole or in part, in navigating canals, now exempt from inspection
under the law of 1852, but subject to inspection under act of 1838, may
be included in the provisions of the law of 1852, so far that they be
required to. have their boilers, machinery, and hull inspected as other
steamers, and in all cases be required to carry a licensed engineer, and
a licensed pilot. And we would further state, that we cannot see the pro-
308
II. Doc. 3.
priety of the existence of two local boards for the inspection of steamers,
as is now recognised by law; and should the foregoing be adopted by
Congress, there would be but one board for all classes of steamers.
Should the honorable Secretary approve, and Congress pass or adopt
a supplementary act, as recommended, to the law, we would suggest
that such steamers pay, as other steamers are required to pay, for inspection, a proportionate fee according to their tonnage—say one-half the
amount now paid by steamers carrying passengers; and as, under this
arrangement, the duties of the local hoards in some parts of the United
States will be largely increased, and the receipt for tho performance of
such duties (beyond what is now received) will be paid into the treasury of the United States, it is believed it will more than meet the additional increase of pay which we recommend to the following local
boards at the ports designated:
Proposed compensation to local boards at various ports, if required to in*
sped steamers now exempt under the 42d section.
Amount now
received.
1st district.-.—Portland board
Boston board
New London board 2d district. -New York board—2 assistants, each
Do
do
clerk
Philadelphia board 3d district.- •Baltimore board
Norfolk board
Charleston board
Savannah board
4lh district. •New Orleans board Do
do
clerk to board
Mobile board
Galveston board
5th district.—St. Louis board
6th district.—Nashville board
Louisville board
1th district.—Cincinnati board
Wheeling board
Pittsburg board
8th district.—Chicago board
Detroit board
Qth district.—Cleveland board
Buffalo board
Do
do
clerk to board Oswego board
Burlington board
Amount
wonted.
§300
§500
800
300
1,000
000
1,200
600
1,000
1,000
300
1,250
1,300
500
400
600
400
500
2,000
2,000
1,000
1,000
400
300
1,500
400
1,800
600
1,200
1,500
1,500
500
1,500
500
700
1,650
800
500
1,200
300
300
1,8)0
800
800
500
1,200
300
400
BOO
And should the honorable Secretary of the Treasnry deem it unnecessary to call the attention of Congress to the proposed change, you will
allow us to urge upon your attention the following increased salaries to
local boards, where it is found in some cases so small as to render it impossible to [obtain or retain competent'persons t o d i s c h a r g e the duties
II. Doc. 3.
required; and in case the law is not
increase to the boards designated:
309
i, we would ask the following
Amount nowreceived.
$300
300
Amount
wanted.
Portland board
$400
New London board
500
New York board, a clerk
—
800
Baltimore board, a clerk
—
300
Philadelphia board, a clerk
—
300
Norfolk board
300
400
Savannah board 400
500
Charleston board
400
500
New Orleans board, a clerk
500
Nashville board 400
500
Oswego board
300
400
Burlington board
300
500
3. We would call attention to the importance of requesting Congress
to pass a law, for the more safe and successful navigation of lakes, bays,
and rivers by steamers, compelling all sail-vessels, including freight
steamers and tow-boats, also flat-boats and rafts, to carry lights under
certain restrictions and penalties, as it is known that the absence of
such a law has caused loss of life and the destruction of property by
collision, which might have been avoided had lights been carried on the
vessels, &c., referred to.
4. We would also suggest, that, much difficulty having been experienced in administering the oaths to the boards of inspectors, as required
by the law, should a supplement to the act be passed, it be made
the duty of the collector, deputy collector, or other chief officer of the
customs in each district, to administer the oaths to inspectors when
required.
With the hope that this report, with the suggestions and recommendations therein contained, will meet your approval,
We remain, sir, yours very respectfully,
JOHN SHALLCROSS,
President.
JOHN S. BROWN,
Secretary to Board of Supervising Inspectors*
—
H o n . JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
810
II.
Doc. 3.
A X.
Statement of the advances from the treasury on account oj the expenses of
each custom-house in the United Statest during the year ending June
30, 1S53.
Districta.
Paasamaquoddy
Maine
Macbias
....do
..
Frenchman's Bay
do
Penobscot
do
Waldoborough
do.......
Wiscasset
do
Bath
do
Ponland and Falmouth
do
Saco
do.
Kennebunk
.do
..
York...
do
Belfast
do..
Bangor
do
Portsmouth, New Hampshire
Vermont, Vt
Nowburyport....
Massachusetts.
Gloucester
do
Salem and Beverly
do
Marblehead
do
Boston and Charleston
do
Plymouth
do
Fall River
do
Barnttablo
do
New Bedford
do
,
Edgartown
do
Nantucket
do
Providence
Rhode Island...
Bristol and Warren
do
Newport .
do
Middletown, Connecticut
New London.....do
New Haven.*.....do
Fairfield
..do
Stonington . . . . . . d o
*
fiackett's Harbor, New York
Genesee
.-.do....
Oswego
do
Niagara
do
Buffalo Creek
do
Oawegatchie
do
Sag Harbor
do
New York
do
Champlai n
.....do
Cape Vincent.
do
P e n h Amboy
New Jersey
Bridgetown
do
Burlington
do
Great Kgg Harbor
do
Little Egg Harbor
do
Newark
do
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Preaqne Iale
do
Pittsburg
do
Delaware, D e l . .
Baltimore
Maryland
Annapolis
do
..
Amount.
$23,284 GO
2,303 07
3,930 75
4,660 50
4,871 00
4,073 06
9,178 00
24,412 00
1,356 00
573 00
533 50
4,992 23
5,604 23
9,835 50
10,414 36
4,066 73
7,825 16
26,9:33 00
2,883 61
281,621 67
3,165 50
4,733 90
3,419 64
5,912 00
3,776 40
3.184 79
12,624 &
5,418 00
5,477 00
2,264 00
5,950 34
12,957 26
1,991 00
1,763 50
8.185 00
6,704 40
20,061 97
»,715
16,166
6,673
1,184
792,874
8,482
66
57
65
78
41
3,352 67
193 00
J22
455
893
2,448
173,667
715
703
00
00
84
45
60
25
22,286^
!
142,706 00
1,87129
H. Doc. 3.
311
A X—Continued.
Districts.
Vienna
Maryland
Havre-de-Grace
do
Georgetown, District of Columbia..
Richmond
Virginia..-.
Norfolk and Portsmouth..do
Tappahannock
do
Cherrystone
do
Yorktown
do
Petersburg
do
Alexandria
do
Wheeling
do
Camden
North Carolina
Eden t o n . . . .
do
Plymouth
do
Washington
do
Newborn
do
Ocracoke
do
Beaufort
do
Wilmington
do
Charleston, South Carolina
Georgetown
do
..
Beaufort
do
Savannah, Georgia
St. M a n ' s
do
Brunswick . . . d o
Mobile, Alabama
Natchez, Mississippi
Vicksburg.-.-do
.
Pensacola..-. Florida
St. Augustine-..do
Key West
do
S t . Mark's
do
St. John's
do
Appalachicola . . . d o . . - Now Orleans, Louisiana
Teche
do
Texas
Texas
Saluria
do
Brazos de Santiago..do
Miami
Ohio
Sandusky...do.
Cuyahoga..-do
.
Cincinnati - -do
-----Detroit
Michigan
Michillimackinac
do
Chicago, Illinois
Evausville
Indiana
Now Albany
do
Xouisville, Kentucky
Nashville, Tennessee
Memphis
do
St. Louis, Missouri
Milwaukie, Wisconsin
Puget's Sound, Oregon
San Diego, California. .Minnesota, Minnesota T e r r i t o r y . . . .
Total..
TREASURY DIPAKTMEKT, Register's Office, December LF 1863.
F . BIGGEB, Register.
II. Doc. 3.
312
A X—Continued.
Statement of the number of persons employed in each district oj the United
States for the collcctiov of customs during the fiscal year ending June 30,
1853, tenth their occupation and compensation; per act March 3, 1849.
i t
Districts
Passamaquoddy .
Occupation.
Collector.
Surveyor
Inspectors
.... do.
*
. . . . do
. . . . do...**.
..
.......
*
Weigher and measurer
..........do.................
Deputy collector
Boatman
Mflchiafl.
Frenchman's Bay.
.... do
...
Collectors
Deputy collector and inspector.
Inspector
.... do....
.... d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Boatman
Collector
Deputy collector and inspector,
.—.do
.do..
....do............ do.... ..•»..........-Intpector..
...
Meatnrer, weigher and ganger
—
Penobscot.
Boatman
Collector.
Inspector......
-
.... d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
. . . . do
..
Waldobo rough.
Fucaiiet..
Bail.,.
....do
........
... do
. . . . . . ...
Deputy collector....
Collector
In*pector»
.... do.
...» d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.... d o . . . * . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.... do..**............................
Collector....
*
Depnty collectors and Inspector*. . . . . . . .
....do............ do......... ••»•*..«.*
... • do
do.. •.*•»* ...*.. •*••*
Inspector*...*. .*..„ ......*......—-*
Measurer....*.
.........
Collector..............
.*.....*.Deputy collector and inspector..........
Inspector, weigher* ganger, and measurer.
......«... do.. ..*....... do.........
Inspector
*
.... d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...**
.... do..
...
.do
H. Doc. 3.
313
A X—Continued.
3
Districts.
i*
oe,o
Occupation.
°m a
Bath—Continued. >.
Portland and Falmouth
i
l
l
l
I
1
2
1
6
4
1
1
2
J3aco.
Kennebunk.
York
Belfast.
Bangor.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
Portsmouth..
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
3
2
1
3
Vermont.
1
1
1
2
4
5
1
3
1
Inspector
..
do
Occasional weigher and gaugcr
Boatman
Collector
Deputy collector and occasional weigher,
#auger, &c
„
Weighers, gaugers, and measurers.
Surveyor
Inspectors
*
Occasional inspectors
...do
Clerk..
Boatmen
C o l l e c t o r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i- Inspector.
..
do
. . . do
Aid of the revenuo
Collector
Deputy collector, inspector, &c
Inspector......
....do
Collector....
Inspector..
. . . . do...
Collector... — .
Deputy collectors and inspectors.... . . . . .
Inspectors
——.
Collector........................
Deputy collector and inspector, and weigher
and gauger.
.
Deputy collectors and inspectors
Weigher, gauger, &c
Collector...—.—
Naval officer...
Surveyor——.— — —
......
Deputy collector and inspector.*.......
.do.
.do.
Inspectors and measurers.
Occasional inspector
—
.do..
...
— d o . .
. . . . . •—.do...—..— —..
Inspectors
. . . do
——*
...do.......
—
—. do—
Weigher and gauger
Collector
Deputy collectors . — . . . —
.....do
. . . do.—
..do. — —
-do—...-
.-do..—.—
$252 OG
12 00
303 70
300 00
3,000 00
1,500
1,500
1,460
1,095
862
476
67
300
414
675
358
44
66
148
600
80
32
274
200
120
976
1,095
730
1,773
00
00
27
00
00
00
39
00
56.
00
00
00
00
71
00
00
00
94
0000
25.
00
00
43:
1,178
1,095
801
670
389
418
730
200
40
00
08
53;.
68
1300
00
730
105
115
180
500
360
300
276
238
1,090
730
500
360
300
240
40
00
00
00
27
00
00
00
64
03;
84
00
00
00
00
00*
Ofr
1,062 85.
514
H. Doc. 3.
A X—Continued.
District*
CI
8.6-
Vermont—Continued.
1
3
2
1
1
....do
Collector
Naval officcr
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
2
—
1
1
1
2
Salem and Bererl/*...^..
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
llarblehead.
1
12
2
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
Boston and Chsrlettown.
.......
....do................
2
Gloucester.
Inspector
—do
1
2
Newburyport.
Occupation
1
1
1
1
3
1
3
1
7
8
7
1
Boatmen..............
Surveyor*
Weigher and measurer.
Ganger....
Inspector.
do
....do
..
do
Occasional Inspector.
.........do........
Boatmen
Aid to revenue
Collector
Surveyor
Inspectors
....do
....do
Weigher, ganger, and measurer.,
do.,
Boatman
Collector...
Deputy cotleetor...
Naval o f f i c c r . . . . . . .
Surveyor
....do..
Weigher* and gangen
Measurer*...
.
Clerk....
Inspectors
Boatmen
Laborer and assistant storekeeper.
Collector.
,
Surveyor
......
Meanurer.
......
Inspectors
do.............
.-..do-.....,
Boatmen . . . . . . . . .
.... do............
Collector.........
Naval officer......
S u r v e y o r . . . . . . ..«
Deputy collectors.
Collector's clerk...
.do.
.do
.do
.do
.do....*
• do •....
H. Doc. 3.
A X—Continued.
District*
Boston and CharlestownContinued.
(3
O
el!
©K
p«©
1
56
1
2
21
9
4
8
1
2
2
2
3
1
3
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
Efymouth.
Pall River
Barnstable.
Bedford.
mm..^.,
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
11
2
1
1
1
2
1
315
Occupation.
Superintendent and messenger .
Inspectors... ....do................
-...do.—
............
Night inspectors.
----Weighers.....—;--.— . . . . . Gaugers—.....—..— . . . . . . . . .
Measurers....-.....--..-..-.
Appraiser at large.
Appraisers
Assistant appraisers....
Appraisers' clerks
.•..•....do.......——..—..
—...—do..;:;...——...
- - . - . ; . . do.
...do..................
Special examiner of drugs
Storekeeper...........Assistant storekeepers.
i* f •
*dO
* m m mm m **#*
...
mm m
Storekeeper's clerk
. . . . . . . . d o . — - - - . . — . ...
>..-..-— do. 1. .
--.-.-..dO. — - . .
do................
Deputy naval o f f i c e r . . . . . . . . . . .
Naval officer's clerk...
.do...
do
Naval officer's messenger.
Deputy s u r v e y o r — Surveyor's clerk—;;......
.do.
Surveyor's messenger.;...-
Collector. - - -v.....
Inspector—..;..;.
...do
.............
..do.—--;...........
..do...;
v—do..-..—...... —--...——.
Measurer.;.-..—.
..........
Weigher............
Collector—.--..-.;..
Inspector, weigher, and measurer.,
.——do.—.. —-;..do—..— . . .
. . . . . d o . . . . . ; — ; . . do. - - Weigher and measurer.'. . . . . . . . . .
Boatman —— - - . . ; Collector..;;......
Deputy collectors and inspectors..
Inspectors—.-.;-.
—-«
Boatmen
---- — • W e i g h e r . ; — ;—- *•*•—-..-•
Clerk. ; ; ; ; v ; - - - - f *..-;;— *
Collector—*L - - - - - . . . — . . .
«
Inspectors...;;;;— %.;'•
C l e r k ; ; - ; ; ; - .
H. Doc. 3.
A X—Continued.
316
Districts.
&&
cl
Occupation.
R
New Bedford—Continued.
Edgartowu.
Nantucko .
Pro vi den co.
Inspector, weigher, measurer and ganger.
>....... ido...... do.......... do.......
Inspector and measurer
Inspector
.do.
do
...do
Boatman
Collector
Deputy collector and inspector«
............do
Inspector.....
Temporary inspector
do.....
Collector
Impector
....do
Boatmen
Collector
Clerk
Naval officer
Surveyor, Providence..
Surveyor, East Greenwich....
Surveyor, Pawtuxet
Inspector*, coastwise........
Bristol and W a r r e n .
Newport.
Inspectors, foreign.
Inspector, Pawtuxet
Inspector, East Greenwich...
Weigher
Ganger.........
..
....do......................
Measurer......
Boatman, P r o v i d e n c e . . . . . . . .
Boatman, P a w t u x e t . . . . . . . . . .
Boatman, East Greenwich.
Impector, Pawtdxet.
Collector.
Inspector...
.do.
....do..............
Temporary inspector.
...do.
.........do..
..........do.........
.....do........
.do.
Ganger.
...do........
Assistant storekeeper..
Boatman.............
.do.
Surveyors
Collector.
Naval o f f i c e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •*•*.*.
Surveyor..................
>.».do.**. . - . . » • • ...»..«»*.*...
.
H. Doc. 3.
317
A X—Continued.
Districts*
Newport—Continued..
Middletown ,
Occupation.
Surveyor
,
Deputy collector and inspector
Inspector.--—do
...do
Occasional inspector
do
.—.do..
. . . — —-....;
..........do.-.-....
Inspector
•
— do..
Weigher
Gauger....—..—,.-.
.— ..—.
Boatman......
. . - d o . — .— — — . — . . — — ....
Collector—.— — — . . — . . . . —
Surveyors — . — — . . — . .
Inspectors
....do—..............................
Hew London .
—do. —.— —.. —
Gauger—....
Weigher and measurer.
Deputy collector —
Collector....
Inspector
-.do. — —
—do.—
-—do........
.—do—
New Haven.
Fairfield o
fackett's Harbor
-
....—..
—
Surveyor.. — —— — — . . —
Weighers
G a u g e r s . . . . . . —.—..—— —— —
Boatman—......——
Collector... - - — —
Deputy collector.— . — . — . .
Inspector, weigher and m e a s u r e r . . . . . . . . .
Gaugers and weighers
— .
Inspectors
- . d o — —
Day and night i n s p e c t o r — . . . . . . . . . . . —
Storekeeper—..... . — . — . . * . . . . . . . .
Boatman — — . — . . . . . . . . . . —.. . . . . . .
Surveyor...... — —
—
Collector.—
........ —
Inspector, weigher,gauger, & c - . — —
......do—...
—
. . . . . ..—do—.— . — . . - - — — . . — .
'Night w a t c h — . — . — - — —
C o l l e c t o r . . . . . . . . —— - " " : " "" !
Surveyor. — .—.———-- --- - Inspectors......... --- - —
Boatman.. - —*—- - *
.--.-•
—do——.—. -f
Collector.—'—.•«*-***• - - - - - Deputy collector and inspector——
... do.————do
,...do
do
H. Doc. 3.
318
A X—Continued.
Occupation.
Districts.
Sackett'a Harbor—Cont'd,
Genesee.
Deputy collector and inspector.
dn
...do.........
Temporary i n s p e c t o r s . . . . . . . . .
do
do..
Night-watch.
...:.do
Collector
Deputy collectors and inspectors.
Aids to revenue
-
Night watch.....
Oswego«
Niagara.
*
Boatman
Collector
Deputy collector
Inspectors.....
...do
....do
....do
...do
...do
Night w a t c h m e n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . do
Clerks
...do
Boatman
Collector
Deputy collector and inspector.
Inspector*
Buffalo.
Sag Harbor...
Oswcgatchie.,
Deputy collector and inspector,
.do.
do.
Aid to revenue..
do
Deputy collector*.,
do
do
Night watch
Collector
Deputy collector,
-..-.do
.
do...
do...
Inspector.
-...do
..do
....do
Night watch
Aid to revenuo
— ...
Boatman
Clerks
Collector.
Inspector
....do
....do
Collector
Deputy collector and inspector.
. . . . d o . . . . . . . . . . . . d o . . . . . . . *...
H. Doc. 3.
A X—Gontixiued.
Districts.
Occupation.
a-a© <9
Boo a»
o
O
Oswegatchio—Continued-
Hew York.,
1
1
Deputy collector and inspector.
-"-do
do
2
do
do
1 Inspector
1 Watchman
2 Boatmen and night watch
1 Collector
5 Deputy collectors
1 Auditor.......
1 Assistant auditor
1 Cashier
1 Assistant cashier
3 Clerks
8 •»• • d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . u . . . . .
7
do
.
29
.do
26
.do
18 . . . . d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5
.do
X ....do....
1 Keeper of custom-house.—
6
Watchmen
1 Sunday watchman
1 Fireman
6
Porters.—.
2 Messengers
1 Messenger
2
do
1
.do
Naval Office.
1
3
1
2
5
4
4
16
2
1
2
4
1
2
1
Naval officer
Deputy naval officers..
Clerk
..do
..do
..do..
..do
..do
..do
.
. - do
..do
..do
..do
..do.
Porter
SurveyorCffie*.
1
Survoyor
Deputy surveyor..
Clerk
do
.do.
Porter and messenger.
H. Doc. 3.
320
A X—Continued.
Districts.
Occupation.
O-
AppmticmaUs.
New York—Continued....
1
3
5
9
10
'1
3
1
3
4
1
2
0
2
2
63
1
General appraiser....
Appraisers-...
Assistant appraisers..
Clerks
...do
.do.
.do..
.do..
Storekeeper's clerks.
do
Laborer
....do
.do.,
.do..
.do..
,...do..*.................
Special examiner of drugs.
Pmblic icarthouiti.
1
1
1
23
8
36
3
16
39
1
Deputy collector and storekeeper
Warehouse register.
Clerk
..do
...do
do.
...do.....
Watchmen on wharves and piers
Watchmen in public stores
-...
Day watchman
6 Laborers
2 ....do
IS . . . d o
2 ....do
37 . . . . d o
1 ....do
.........
1 Weigher...
38
Assistants
7
Gangers*.
7
AisuUnts
35
Measurers
3D3
Inspectors.
............
3
Inspector on Long Island..*.
75
Night inspectors
1 Deputy collector and inspector at Albany.
2
Inspectors at Albany
1 Surveyor at A l b a n y . . . . . . .
1 Deputy collector and inspector at Troy..
1 Surveyor at T r o y . . . . . .
4 Measurers of passenger teasels
1 Watchman in assistant treasurer's office..
2 . . . . . d o . * . . ...*< d o . . . . . . . . .do.*.*— . . . i
2 Assistants to m a r k e r s . . . . . . . .
18
H. Doc. 3.
321
A X—Continued.
£®
Districts.
es
Occupation.
©. 5©
Champlain .
Collector...
Deputy collectors and inspectors."..'....'J.
>—..—do.............. do..............
,
-do........
do..............
....-...do....—....do
do.
do
Capo Vincent*
Perth Araboy.
Bridgetown
Burlington . . . . . . . .
Great Egg Harbor.
little Egg Harbor,.
Newark
Camden
Philadelphia „
so ol oi
o^«
Collector;;......;
Deputy collectors and i n s p e c t o r s . . . . . . . . .
.... .../.do..
.do......
Aids to the r e v e n u e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Boatman
Collector
Deputy collector
. . . . ~~~
Surveyor r 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 . 7 .
Inspectors . . . . r — . . . . . . 1 _ . . . . . . . . . .
Inspector—/.— — — . . . . . . . . . . . / / . " 7 . 7 . /
.... d o . 7 . 7 — . . . . . . T . . / . !
Collector—....7.. /
i Collector../..!
i Collector.............................
l Inspector.................../ .7////
i Collector..— - — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
fc Inspectors
l Collector....7
l Deputy collector and inspector
l Inspector.. . 7 . . . . . .7
l Surveyor 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
i Collector..—
l Naval officer.
l Su rveyor — — — . — . — — — — — ,
2 Deputy collectors ..— . — . . . . . — .
2 * Deputy naval officers and surveyor....
£ Appraisers — . . . . . . . • .
£
Assistant appraisers" 1./—.
1
Special examiner of drugs . . . . . . . . / .
1 Weigher — / I - / — — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2* Deputy weighers —
......
"Gaugers.ll..........................
easurers.*.........................
y4 Til
Clerk..—
.....
1 l . ; . d o . . ; . l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - — ....
1 - / d o . . ! / . . . . . . . .
.......i./...,—.--.
3 ::»do..:
."...do-/:.. — i . . ; ^ . / . . ; J — . . . . .
I . / d e l . . . - . . . / — . . „ . — - - . — . ...
:
ET i . ^ d o . - / . . . . . . . / . . . . — . . . . 3 i..idoi:......
1 ....ao........./......—
3 i...do3
..
. ...do....
Superintendent public s t o r e s . . . . . . . . . . Assistant storekeeper . . . . . . . . . . . . . — .
'Examiners 7 7 . . . - — . — - - - • . — / — - • «
"V Inspector . 7 . 7 . 7 . - . . . *. — - - - * . . . . — 45 . . . . do i . . . . . . . . . . •••.— • — . • . . « .
ir . . . / d o J ( o c ( ^ o n a l ) . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . — . .
1
X;
Si
H. Doc. 3
322
A X—Continued.
S
District*.
Phi] adelphia—Con tinned...
©
Occupation
26
4
3
4
2
3
9
1
1
Presquelsle.
Pittsburg Delaware,
Boatmen
Messengers
Laborers
..
-
laborers
-do..
Watchmen.
...do
...do
.
3
Packer*.......
3
Sampler
Collector
Deputy collector and inspector.
Surveyor
Collector
Inspector*
1
1
1
1
3
1
Baltimo
Principal night inspectors..
Night inspectors
2
2
3
3
2
3
1
3
1
1
27
.do.
Messesger*
Collector........
Cashier
Deputy collector.
Clerks
.do.
.do..
.do..
....do......
Messenger..
Inspectors*.
Watchmen.
...do
Storekeeper.
...do.......
Assistant storekeeper.
Clerks
Porter*
Weigher
....
Deputy weigher* . . . . . .
.do.,
Ganger.
Measurer........
Deputy measurer.
.do..
Naval officer..
Deputy naval officer
***** —
Clerk.i.**... • . • . . . . . • . . . * • * * • * • " —
Surreyor
Clerk
Storekeeper ailazaretto . . . . . . * . - * * — •
Appraiser*
. . . . . . . . — •• *
Clerk.....
....do.'.......
Aimapt&a.
Porter....
Collecter...... . . . . . . . . . . .
Snrvtyer.
»
I
H. Doc. 3.
323
A X—Continued.
E _
S£
Districts.
IS
Occupation.
PO
©
+5 Ii
o
Annapolis—Continued
Oxford
Vienna
Havre do Grace
Town Creek
Georgetown, D. C
|
1
.
2 —do
I
1
j
i 1
I
j
1
l
i
Surveyor.
Collector....
»...do
..
Deputy collector
Surveyor...........
v
..."
,
...do
Collector.
X Deputy collector and inspector-.]
1 .....do*........do.... . . . . . . . . .
1
'.do
d o — . . . . . . ...
1 Weigher
1 Gauger......................
Clerk........................
Richmond
| i
Collector..——.*...—
4
Deputy collectors, inspectors, &c..
1 Gauger......
Norfolk and Portsmouth.
1 Collector—
1 Deputy collector, inspector, &c....
I Clerk
1 Naval officer...—....—
1 Deputy naval officer
—
1 Surveyor.
3 Inspectors—....
—..„—..
1 Inspector*.
do
1
1 Weigher and gauger.
1 Measurer
1 Watchman....
1 Boatman...........
2 Boatmen (beach)—..,
Surveyors.... . . . . . . <
Tappaiannock
I l
Collector—
1 Deputy collector.—..
Surveyors.— — V . . .
2
.do..
Cherrystone
1 Collector—........ .
Surveyor............
Yorktown
.
\
Collector
M\:
1 Surveyor—..........
Deputy collector....
Petersburg
l
Collector..—..
2 Inspectors...........
1 Surveyor..—
1 Weigher, gauger, &c.
1 Deputy collector..—.
.do..
1 Aid to the r e v e n u e — . . . . . . . . .
.Alexandria..
1 Collector. - . . . •—.—..— •—-..—.* — -.
Deputy c o l l e c t o r — — —
1 Surveyor
2
Inspectors
....'
. ...»•»
.JU
1 Weigher and measurer.... .J—
1 Gauger...—...-.^..*
—
$200 00
150 00
385 09
575 82
365 00
150 98
153 42
1,631 00
821 75
800 00
183 33
551 89
21 48
500 00
2,082 32
1,095 00
160 68
1,558 50
1,095 00
500 00
720 35
730 00
429 94
1,095 00
873 00
400 00
571 21
907 44
365 00
300 00
192 00
250 00
388 93
300 00
150 00
250 00
233 44
250 00
395 27
200 00
100 00
662 30
1,095 00
500 00
1,500 00
730 00,104 IT
16 00*
1,592 61
1,068 00*
300 00'
882 00
213 00
1,448 63<
U 60360 00
H. Doc. 3.
324
A X—Continued.
Occupation.
District*.
Wheeling
Ycocomico . . .
Camden, N. C
Eden ton
Plymouth....
Washington..
Kewbern
Ocracoke....
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
Beaufort....
Wilmington..
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
Surveyor
Surveyor
Collector
Temporary inspector, gauger, A c
. . . . . . . . . d o . . . » . . . . . . do . . . . . .
Collector..Collector
Surveyor..
„
Inspector
....do
Collector
Deputy collector, &c
Collector..
Inspector, gauger, weigher, «lc .<
Collector
Deputy collector and inspector...
Boatmen
....do.
Deputy collector and in«pcctor...
Collector.*..
Inspector.........
Meaturer—....................
Collector.............—.
Naval officer
.....
Surveyor
Inspector*
1 ..•.4o.........................
1 .... do...
1 — do — . . . . . . * . . .
1 Boarding officer.
4
•Charleston.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
27
1
1
1
2
0
'Georgetown, S. C
'Beaufort, &C...
-Savannah..... „
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
I
Seamen
...
Weigher and ganger...
Messenger.....................
Collector....—................
Naval officer—.
Surveyor
Deputy collector
Deputy naml officer
Abstract and debenture clerk , ..
Kegi«try clerk
Clerk
-.do
Inspector* . . . .
Weigher
..
Meaiwer......................
Ga uger..... . . .
Apprawera...............
Boatmen
...*.*.
Messenger..
Collector.*........
....
Deputy collector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Collector... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Collector.................. ....
Deputy collector
*
Clerk...... . . . .
5*3
H. Doc. 3.
325
A X—Continued.
Districts.
.O
U ©
P.,2
r
Savannah—Continued
1
1
1
3
2
10
4
1
1
1
3
3
1
3
3
2
3
2
9.
4
2
3
2
3
I
1
1
Brunswick.....
St. Mary's, Ga.
Mobile.
Pearl River.
Natchez....,
Ticksburg..
Pensacola...,
1
1
1
1
3
St. Augustine.
1
1
1
Key W e s t . . . . ,
1
1
1
X
3
3
St. Mark's.
6
3
4
St. John's.,
2
3
1
1
1
4
;1
•C©Oo3
a
So©
O-W M
o
Naval officer
Surveyor................
Weigher and gauger.
Storekeeper
Appraisers
Inspectors . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Boatmen
. Appraiser's porter
Custom-house porter . . . . . . . . .
Surveyor at Hardwich . . . . . . .
Surveyor at Sunbury
Collector
Temporary inspector
Collector..................
Inspector............
Boatmen
....'i...........
Collector.....J.,............
Inspectors and clerks . . . . .
Inspectors
........
....do..
....do...,
....do.........
Weighers and measurers . . . . . .
Appraiser . . . .
Gauger
Collector
Collector.....
Collector
Collector
A............
I n s p e c t o r . . . - . . . . . . i . . . ' . — . *Surveyor
....
Boatmen............ . . . . . . . .
Collector.............-..-- —
Deputy collector and inspector.
Inspector.
Boatmen
••/...•»...........
Collector..
Deputy collector.
Inspector......
do.....................—Temporary i n s p e c t o r . . . . . . - — Collector
Inspectors
r....... Boatmen
2 ....do.••••••......
i Collector
1
2
Apalachicola
Occupation.
.2
©
•P
aw _
J3
Inspectors..... *.
Surveyor . . . . . . . . . . . .
....B o a t m e n . . . . . . . . . -—..
. . . . do . . . . . . * • # • • • • • - - * *
Collector.. . . . . - . — — • • » Inspector.....—
Temporary inspector. . . . . . — - .
«... . . . . . . d o . . . . . . . . . . . "
Boatmen^. - . . - * *
•-—
Weigher and gauger-.
1942 49
819 49
1,500 00
800 00
1,500 00
1,095 00
360 00
360 00
600 00
250 00
250 00
250 00
248 00
731 02
200 00
60 00
6,000 00
3,500 00
1, 092 00
969 00
930 00
409 50
1,500 00
924 00
187 62
678 25
50tf00
568 03
1,587 20
1,095 CO
300 00
300 00
500 00
730 00
500 00
192 00
1, 726 36
1,095 00
1,095 00
550 00
42 00
. 636 16
1,095 00
300 00,
240 00
510 77
730 00
300 00
380 00
120 0(K
663 80"
1,095 00
630 00
48 00
300 00
3 500 00.
H. Doc. 3.
326
A X—Continued.
Occupation.
Districts.
2
New Orleans.
0
5
9
4
3
1
76
3
1
1
2
1
J
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
4
12
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
6
5
2
1
1
1
1
1 ...... d o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
TecM..
Texas..
2
1
2
2
2
2
Salaria..
2
•
2
2
Bnuos de Santiago.
Collector
Deputy collectors.
Clerks
..do.
do
... do....................
Porter.
Inspector*
Gauger**.
Deputy gauger (6 months).
Weigher
....
Deputy weigher
..
Measurer
Deputy measurer
Naval o f f i c e r . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deputy nival o f f i c e r . . . . . .
Clerk
-.do
..do
Surveyor
Deputy surveyors.
Boatmen.
...do....
A pp raker*
A*Mint appraiser*
Clerks.
Messenger..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Porter*.....,.
....do
Storekeeper
..
Deputy storekeeper..
Laborers
....do.......
Custom-house watchmen.
Collector
2>eputr collector
*
Collector...
Deputy collector.....
2
2
2
3
3
1
3
Inspectors
Boarding officer, weigher and gauger.
Surveyor.........
Clerk
........
Collector
...
Deputy collector and inspector.
do
,
.do.
Surveyors and inspector*.
. . . . d o . . . . . . . . . . d o . . . . . . . •••*•• . . . .
Boatmen.............................
Collector......*.....................
Deputy collector and inspector
...... do..............do
. . . . . . do » « . . * . * . • . . . . . d o . - . . Inspectors....................... ....
S t o r e k e e p e r . . . . . . —
Clerks................ ****** ***»*•••
H. Doc. 3.
A X—Gontixiued.
i t
Districts.
Brazos do Santiago—Cont'd
Miami
....,
Sandusky.
Cuyahoga.
Cincinnati..
Detroit.
HicbiKmackinac.
Chicago
Milwaukee...—.......
Oregon......
Puget'a S o u n d . . . . . . . . .
Occupation.
1
1
1
Bargeman
.
...
Collector........................;.
Deputy collector and inspector
'—
* ......do.......... -..-do..............
-...
1 ---..do..............do
1 ..'....do...'.do
1 Collector.................
-—
1 Deputy collector.
.......
1 •—..do————.
do
3
1 Clerk.......
*.
1 Collector..........
1 Deputy collector.
Inspectors---4
2 .-..do-.-...;:::—
—-.—.--1 Surveyor
. —
X Clerk——-—.——
X Collector———.— — — .
X Deputy c o l l e c t o r — —
—
2 ......do. - . : . . . . ; ; . X ..-.do:;:.::::-.-———
;:—a<>-—-——---.
4
I ,:.-.do—...:—..——
1 Weigher, measurer, and gauger
1 Secret inspector. —
2 Inspectors and clerks
I ....do...-—--—do
*
10 Inspectors..'.
.—..—— —
5 —.do.. —
1 —.. do — • • — — — . — . - • - — — —1 —-.do..-.....-—-—--—-*-—-*—-—
—
1 Collector..—.....———* - 2 Deputy collectors and inspectors..——
......
X —.do—.... —————do.--X ::..do.--*.. .——• . - - - d o . - - . . . ...--*..."
X Collector-.--—-—
. — .———
1 Deputy collector and inspector..—— -—.
1 ...do...—.——— —--do—.>..—-.-.—•
X .—.do..-.— . - - - - • ..--do.-—.*—.-•——•
X Inspector.—. — , . - . . - - . — - . ; — « — —X ,... do....
. . *.*•:— * * * —— ••• •
X Collector-——. ——-—- * — - - —
X Deputy collector.. -—- - •—-—* - -• •
3 . - . • - • do -—...--•—— — * v* — —— — —*-*•
X Collector. — ...--—V.—-—. — — X Deputy collector, clerk, and inspector—
3
Surveyors...————--* *•-•
X Collector
1 Surveyor.———— ——- — — — — —X Deputy collector.. — — —-•
X Inspeetorl——
— - - * • - -- z*l !" ""
TTmpqua.
—
£aa Francisco..........
—
2 Uoatmen
;
X Collector..-.--—
X Collector..———— — — — — — v
Deputy collectors...—
*
H. Doc. 3.
328
A X—Continued.
a
u
Occupation.
Districts.
San France co—Continued.
2
3
10
Cashier..
Clerks..
...do....
.do.
.do.
do
...
Watchmen
2 Messengers
2 Porter
1 Naval officer
1 Deputy natal officcr.
1 Clerk
1
do
2 .do.
2
.do.
1 Surrey©r
1 Deputy surveyor..
1 Clerk...
1 -do
1 .do.
2
.do.
2
-do
1 Messenger
3
Appraisers
2
Assistant appraisers
3
Examiners....
4
Clerks......
1 Messenger*.
1 Watchman and superintendent of laborers
8 Laborers
1 Storekeeper.. *
1 Assistant storekeeper.
2 Clerks
1 Inspector and c l e r k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Inspectors.
6 ....do
7 Watchmen............
4
18
4
68
1
2
1
2
Sonoma..
1
2
2
2
San Joaquin..............
2
2
2
Sacnuncnto^...., ;. M ....
1
2
2
2
Laborers..........
Inspector*........
do
Weigher and measurer.
....do..........do....,
Ganger...
...do....
Collector
Deputy collector....
Inspectors........
....do...* .*-...„..,
Weigher............
Boatmen
Collector..
.
Deputy collector. . . .
Inspector....... • . . .
Collector............
Inspector*..........
.
H. Doc. 3.
A X—Gontixiued.
Districts.
Occupation.
C©
M AP«
r
San Diego..
Monterey*.
Minnesota..
Louisville..
Nashville...
Memphis...
St. Louis...
Evansville..
New Albany.
Collector
Deputy c o l l e c t o r . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Surveyors
Special inspectors
Collector
,
Deputy collector
Inspectors
..
...do.....
Collector...Deputy collector and inspector.
Surveyor
Surveyor
Surveyor
Surveyor
Clerks
.................
Surveyor...............^..
Surveyor........... i..
T. BIGGER, Register.
TREASURY D E P A R T M E ^ ,
Register's Office, November
1,1853.
II. Doc. 3.
330
A Z.
CIRCULARS ISSUED TO COLLECTORS Sl^CE MARCH 4t 1653.
March S, 1S53.
SIR: Circular (new series) No. 74, issued from this department under
date of 2d instant, is hereby countermanded, and you will take no steps
under it in the form of payments, credits, or the preparation of statements, without further instructions upon the subject.
I am, very respectfully,
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
General regulations in respect to the act of Congress of August 30,1S52,
relating to shamboats.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
May 10, 1853.
The salary of each supervising inspector will he sent to him at the
close of each quarter, without his rendering a spccial account to the
Treasury Department. The date of the oath of each of these officers
should be reported to the Secretary of the Treasury, with a statement of
the place to which the drafts for the payment of his salary are to be sent.
Notice should be given before the close of the quarter of any change of
locality.
Ten cents a mile Will be allowed for travelling expenses in lieu of all
ch^ ees in detail.
The form of account for such expenses will be as follows:
United States to A. 2?., supervising inspector, Dr.
District No.
. For travelling expenses from (naming the principal port of the district,) to (naming the place of destination,) commencing on the
day of
, and ending on the
day
of
.
Number of miles at ten cents a mile
.
In returning, give a proper description of the route back, inserting the
dates, and carrying out the amount as above. If the travel is by land,
the route should be designated.
For the expense of transporting from place to placc the instruments
used in inspection, the inspector who incurs the expense should take
a receipt from the person employed, stating the kind of instrument
transported, from whence taken, and where delivered.
For other incidental expenses the inspector will also take receipts.
These expenses will be included in the inspector's account-current,
accompanied by the receipt, or receipts, as vouchers.
,
Accounts for all such expenses should be sent to the Secretary of tne
Treasury at the close of each quarter; and the law requires that they be
rendered under oath.
H. Doc. .3
331
both kind of expenses should be charged in the same account, the
fallows?
"
oath mav
may be as follows:
,185
.
.
</ i
—
ui ixiOLLumciiis, anu ior
other incidental expenses, as charged, and that the same is reasonable.
If only one kind of expense enters into an account, the part of the
oath that applies to that expense alone will be taken.
The oath may be administered by an officer of the United States, or
ol the proper State or Territory authorized to administer an oath, or by
a collector, or surveyor of customs acting as collector. If by a magistrate of a State or Territory, his authority to administer an oath must be
verified by a clerk of a court of record.
An inspector is not to draw negotiable drafts on the department.
When an account shall be settled, the money will be paid or sent
according to written instructions.
In cases in* which a local board of inspectors shall neglect its duty, the
supervising inspector will immediately report the facts in writing, to
the Secretary of the Treasury, in order that the delinquent may be
removed, according to section 20 of the act.
By ihe same section it is enacted, that whenever a supervising nspector ascertains to his satisfaction that the master, engineer, pilot, or
owner of any vessel, fails to perform his duties, he shall, if need be,
cause the negligent or offending party to be prosecuted. In such instances the inspector will report the facts to the United States district
attorney, and he will take the proper steps according to the nature of
the case.
The thirtieth section provides that each local inspector shall be
allowed annually a certain compensation, " to be paid under the direction of the Secretary of the Treasury, in the manner the officers of the
revenue are paid." But this provision, so far as respects mode of
payment, is regarded as superseded by those clauses in the deficiency
and civil and diplomatic appropriation bills of the last session of Congress, in which certain sums are appropriated "for salaries of nine
supervising and fifty local inspectors, with travelling and other incidental
expenses incurred by them." The salaries and expenses of the local
inspectors will therefore be paid quarterly at the treasury, as those of
the supervising inspectors are paid.
The form of rendering accounts, and of proving them, will be the
same with the local as with the supervising inspectors; and they will be
allowed the like compensation for expenses of travel. Their accounts
for salaries will be stated by the First Auditor at the close of each
quarter, and, unless otherwke directed, drafts will be remitted to them
to pay the respective sums found due.
Each local inspector should inform the First Auditor of the place of
his residence; and if any change takes place therein, give due notice
before the end of the quarter.
When an inspector makes a charge for travelling expenses, he should
332
II. Doc. 3.
give the number and names of the steamboats inspected at each place
by him visited.
The costs of stationery, boxes for instruments, and other contingencies, are embraced under the head of "other expenses." The
articles purchased must be specified, and the bills or accounts must be
duly receipted and presented as vouchers.
All expenses of local inspectors oilier than those incurred for travel
and transportation of instruments, should be approved by the collector, or
other chief officer of customs.
The local inspectors will apply to the collector or surveyor, as the
case may be, for a place within his custom-house, or other public building, in which to deposit their instruments and transact their business.
They will not be allowed forthe rentof rooms, unless previous authority
has been granted them by the Treasury Department to incur such
expense.
For the u fusible alloy" the inspectors will charge the owners of
steamboats one dollar a pound—a price which will about cover its cost to
the government.
All fees and other moneys which the inspectors may receive on public
account, they will pay over to the collector, or other chief officer of
customs, at the close of each month, taking duplicate receipts therefor,
one of which is to be transmitted to the First Auditor of the Treasury.
The collector, or other chief officer of customs, will, at the end of each
quarter, render with his general account a distinct account—first, of the
sums which are paid to him under the thirty* first section of the law, and
also of all sums paid to him by supervising and local inspectors on
account of receipts under the law; and, secondly, of expenditures under
the ninth section, as hereinafter provided; and the balance he will pay
over as other public money.
Out of this revenue he will, in the cases of investigation provided for
in the 13th article of the 9th section, pay the witnesses that may be
summoned ftr their actual travel and expenses, as set forth in that
article.
in addition, it is made the special duly of the collector or other chief
officer of customs—
1st. Not to issue any license, register, or enrolment, or other paper, to
any vessel propelled in whole or in part by steam, and carrying passengers, till he shall have satisfactory evidence that all die provisions of
the act ore fully complied with. A certificate from the board of inspectors of the character of that set forth in the 4th article of the 9th
section will be necessary, and also a payment of the fees provided for in
section 31, before any license, register, enrolment, or other paper, can
be issued to any such steam-vessel.
2d. It is the duty of the collector, or chief officer of the c u s t o m s , at
each of the twenty-five designated ports, to require from the board of
inspectors a prompt report of all their doings, as provided for in article
14 of section 9.
3d. It is the duty of the collector, or other chief officer of customs, of
each of the twenty*five designated ports, to give to the others the
information called for by the 23d section. He will also give to each
supervising or local inspector the like information when solicited.
II. Doc. 3.
333
4th. Tt is the duty of the collector, or other chief officer of the customs,
as provided in section 24, as well as of the inspectors, to enforce the
provisions of the law.
, 5th. The collector, or other chief officer of customs, will, agreeably to
section 25, file all original certificates of the inspectors required by this
act to be delivered to him, and give to the master or owner of the vessel
therein named two certified copies of such certificate.
6th. The collectors will require from the inspectors at the close of
each month the payment over to them of all fees or other moneys
received by them, together with a list of all pilots and engineers to
whom licenses have been granted or renewed during the month.
For further particulars the collectors and inspectors are referred to the
law, most of the provisions of which are so explicit as to require no
explanation. It is a law of such a character, that only by the joint
action of the supervising and local inspectors, and the collectors of customs, can it be properly carried into execution; and on them, therefore,
in the first instance, must the responsibility devolve.
Rigid economy will be necessary. The balance of the appropriation,
after deducting the amount for salaries, is very limited, and will be
exhausted before the end of the year if charged with unnecessary
expenses.
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
General instructions to collectors and other officers of the customs, under
the art of 2£>tk June, IS 18.— To prevent the importation of adulterated
drugs and medicines.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
June 4, 1853.
It being represented to this department that much embarrassment has
been experienced by officers of the customs at some of the ports of the
United State-:, in reference to the provisions of the act of 26th June, 1848,
"to prevent the importation of adulterated and spurious drugs and medicines," it is deemed expedient, with a view to avoid future difficulties
arising from misconstructions of the law, and to secure uniformity of
practice at the several ports in carrying out its provisions with precision
and efficiency, to furnish you with the additional instructions which follow, explanatory and in modification of the circular instructions addressed
to you by the department on the 8th July, 1848.
.
To avoid the recurrence of a difference of opinion between the officers
of the customs as to what particular articles of commerce should be considered drims and medicines, and as such subject to special examination
by the special examiner of dru^s and medicines, it is thought proper to
state that, in conformity with the evident spirit and intent of the law, it
is required that all articles of merchandise used wholly or m part as medicine, aud found described as such in the s t e n d a i d works specially referred
to in the act, must be considered drugs and medicines; and that all invoices, therefore, of such articles, in whole or in part, must be submitted
334
II. Doc. 3.
to the examination of the special examiner of drugs and medicines, before they can be permiited to pass the custom-housc.
In the examination on entry of any medicinal preparation, the said
special examiner is to unite with the appraiser.
With a view to afford a reliable guide to the examiner of drugs and
medicines, as well as to the analytical chemist, on appeal, in ascertaining
tlie admissibility of such articles under the provisions of law, founded on
their purity and strength, the following list is given of some of the principal articles, with the result of special tests agreeing with tlie standard
authorities referred to in the law, all of which articles are to be entitled to
entry when ascertained by analysis to be composed as noted, viz:
Aloes, when affording 80 per cent, of pure aloetic extractive.
Assafcetida, when affording 50 per cent, of its peculiar bitter resin.
Do
do
3 per cent, of volatile oil.
Bark, Cinchona, when affording 1 per cent, of pure quinine, whether
called Peruvian, Calasaya, Arica, Caithagena, Maracaibo, Santa Martha,
Bogota; or under whatever name, or from whatever place; or
Bark, Cinchona, when affording 2 per cent, of the several natural alkaloids combined, as quinine, cinchonine, quinidine, aricene, &c., the
barks of such strength being admissible as safe and proper for medicine
and useful for chemical manufacturing purposes.
Benzoin, when affording £0 per cent, of resin.
Do
do
12 per cent- of benzoic acid.
Colocynth, when affording 12 per cent, of colocynthin.
Elateriuin, when affording 30 per cent, of elaterin.
Galbanum, when affording GO per cent, of resin.
Do
do
19 per cent, of gum.
Da
do
6 per cent, of volatile oil.
Gamboge
do
70 per cent, of pure gamboge resin.
Do ;
do
20 per cent, of gum.
Guaiacum
do
80 per cent, of pure guaiac resin.
Gum ammoniac, when affording 70 per cent, of resin.
Do
do
18 per cent, of gum.
Jalap, when affording 11 per cent, of pure jalap resin, whether in root
or in powder.
Manna, when affording 37 per cent, of pure mannite.
Myrrh •
do
30 per cent, of pure myrrh resin.
Myrrh
do
50 per cent, of gum.
Opium
do
9 per cent, of pure morphine.
Rhubarb
do
40 per cent, of soluble matter, whether in root
or powder; none admissible but the article known as East India, Turkey,
or Russian rhubarb.
Sagapenum, 50 per cent of resin.
Do
30 per cent, of gum.
Do
3 per cent, of volatile oil.
Scammony, 70 per cent, of pure scammony resin.
Senna, 28 per cent, of soluble matter.
All medicinal leaves, flowers, barks, roots, extracts, &c., not herein
specified, must be when imported in perfect condition, and of as recent
collection and preparation as practicable.
All pharmaceutical and chemical preparations, whether crystalized or
otherwise, used in medicine, must be found on examination to be pa*/
II. Doc. 3.
335
and of proper consistence and strength, as well as of perfect manufacture,
conformably with the formulas contained in the standard authorities
named in the act; and must in no instance contain over three per cent,
of excess of moisture or water of crystalization.
Essential or volatile oils, as well as expressed oils, used in medicine,
must be pure, and conform to the standards of specific gravity noted and
declared in the dispensatories mentioned in the act.
<< Patent or secret medicines" are by law subject to the same examination and disposition after examination as other medicinal preparations,
and cannot be permitted to pass the custom-house for consumption, but
must be rejected and condemned, unless the special examiner be satisfied,
after due investigation, that they are fit and safe to be used for medicinal
purposes.
The appeal from the report of the special examiner of drugs and medicines provided for in the act, must be made by the owner or consignee
within ten days after the said report; and in case of such appeal, the
analysis made by the analytical chemist is expected to be full and in detail; setting forth clearly and accurately the name, quantity, and quality
of the several component parts of the article in question; to be reported
to the collector under oath or affirmation.
On such report being made, a copy of the same will be immediately
furnished by the collector to the special examiner of drugs and medicines, who, if the report be in conflict with his return made to the collector, and he have cause to believe that the appeal and analytical examination have not been conducted in strict conformity with the law, may
enter his protest, in writing, against the reception and adoption by the
collector of such report and analysis, until a reasonable time be allowed
him for the preparation of his views in the case, and their submission to
this department for its consideration.
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
T R E A S U R Y DEPARTMENT,
June 14, 1853.
SIR: It has been represented to the department that merchandise is
often, and to a considerable extent, clandestinely introduced from Cana*
da into the frontier districts of the United States without payment of
duties. It is expected, of cour*>c, that every proper effort will be made
by officers charged with the execution of the laws, and the protection
of the public revenue, to put an end to such a state of things, not only
because the United States are defrauded of just dues, but because a
positive wrong is thereby ioflicted on every citizen who contributes to
the treasury by the honest payment of duties. But whether the amount
of which the treasury is thus defrauded be more or less, in either case it
tends to debase the moral sentiment of the community, by weakening
that sense of obligation to respect and obey the laws so necessary to the
proper a nion, and even existence, of free institutions.
After a very careful inquiry into the measures most
these fraudulent evasions of the revenue laws, it
department that the most effectual would be to call m aid that very sense
836
II. Doc. 3.
of legal obligation and patriotic regard for the interests of the commit*
nity which the efforts of thoughtless or misguided men are so strongly
tending to extinguish.
State and municipal authorities rely, to a very great extent, on the
efforts of well-disposed citizens to aid in the detection ami punishment
of offences against the peace and welfare of the con.munity; and may
not the United States also rely on the same class of citizens to aid the
legal authorities in detecting and repressing attempted frauds on the
public revenue?
The revenue and collection laws of the United States contemplate
such aid, and grant a liberal share of the proceeds of forfeitures to the
informer by whose agency the offence has been detected and disclosed
to the legal authorities.
Trustworthy persons who are engaged in business near the routes by
"which merchandise would be likcljrto be clandestinely introduced into
the United States—such as those residing near to or superintending
ferries, bridges, living near highways and "thoroughfires, or connecting
with railways; municipal and Slate officers, wliose duties would be
likely to give them access, by a little eflort, to information of such
breaches of law. Persons of this description might, if their attention
should be properly called to the subject, under the inducement which
the laws provide for information, be of essential aid in arresting, and
perhaps preventing, the attempts illicitly to introduce merchandise into
your district from Canada.
1 will thank you, therefore, to communicate with such persons as those
above described, and whose services you think may be properly afforded;
forwarding to them a copy of the within, signed by yourself either in a
printed or written form as you may prefer.
Your attention is specially called to the general collection law of
March 2, 1709, and acts of March 2, 1821, and March 3, 1823, regulating the entry of merchandise imported into the United States fiom any
adjacent territory, and the 19th section of the tariff law of August 30,
1842.
What is expected, of course, of persons who may gain information of
violations or evasions of the laws, is the immediate communication to
yourself, or other proper officer of the customs, of such information, spe*
cific enough to insure the seizure of the merchandise, that the same may
be condemned and its proceeds distributed agreeably to law. Such persons must be careful, however, to confine themselves to the ascertainment and communication of facts, and not undertake to interfere with
or arrest property or persons wit! out Jpgal appointment and warrant, as
they may lender themselves personally liable for a trespass*
You will find, on reference to theCSth section of the
collection
law of March 2, 1799, that a person specially appointed by you for that
purpose, may search, upon due compliance with the conditions of that
section, for dutiable goods which he may reasonably suspect not to have
paid duties, and to secure them, if found, for trial. Such appointment
should be duly made in writing, and state specifically the purpose for
whinh it is made. In the case of goods suspected to be concealed in any
dwelling house, store, building, or other place, (except a ship or vessel,;
a warrant must first be obtained from a justice of the peace to enter tne
premises (in the day time only) to make the search* Such person, how
g e n e r a l
H. Doc. 2.
lisss^isii
SfSfi
J ne Vl tl hi h
V w S U n d f f s t o o d t h a t ^ e government enters into no arrangeth t es
™ ' ;:
» ? .gentlemen, or insures a compensation. It is presumed
that as good citizens they would be willing to give such aid in ^h*
punishment of crime
and thus entitle thenfsekes 'o he sha^of he
aCCm n t h e r e f r 0 m w h i c h
V ?
law prescribes to infurmersfand
carefalto
IZZ lr"
to this department, from time to time, Uie
names of the persons who thus undertake to aid you in protecting the
public revenue, and the results of suchagency in detecting and reorefsinl
njfractions or evasions of the revnue and Collection E
wiffi yS?
I am, very respectfully,
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury
_
Collector of the Customs,
COLLECTOR'S
OFFICE,
,
, 1853,
SIR: The department charged with the administration and execution
ot the revenue and collection laws of the United States desires to call to
its aid, in its efforts to detect and repress infractions or attempted
infractions of those laws on the northern frontier, all law-abiding and
patriotic citizens who feel an interest in the preservation of the national
honor, and the protection of the public revenue.
It is not doubted that this call will be cheerfully responded to, and the
solicited aid readily afforded.
From your position, and the nature of your business, attempts to
evade the revenue laws, or actual violations of them, may fall under
your observation, or reliable information thereof may be accessible to you
by a little effort on your part to obtain it.
It is desired, whenever you have a reasonable cause of suspicion
that merchandise imported into the United States has not been duly
entered at the custom-house, that you should at once communicate
imoraiation of the facts to the nearest collector, or deputy collector,
whose duiy it will be, if a reasonable suspicion of a violation of the law
is entertained, to cause the merchandise to be seized for trial and condemnation, and to enforce such other penalties as may be prescribed by
law.
You will be entitled under the law to one fourth of the net proceeds
of the merchandise condemned, and of the penalties and fines recovered,
under the general collection law of 2d March, 1799, and the acts of 2d
March, 1821, and 3d March, 1823, regulating the importations of mer22
338
H. Boc. 3.
chandise into the United States from any adjacent territory, where the
rosecution is commenced, or seizure made, on information furnished
y you, provided you are not used as a witness on the trial.
Very respectfully, I remain your obedient servant,
""
j
Collcdor of the Customs,
To Mr.
.
E
General instructions to collcctors and other rfficers of the customs, under
acts of 13th July, 1832, 30/A June, 1831, and 13th August, 1846,
u
concerning tonnage duties on Spanish vtssels from Cuba and Porto
Rico
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
June 15, 1853.
The department has under consideration a question presented by his
excellency the minister of Spain in reference to the liability to tonnage
duties of Spanish vessels from the islands of Cuba and Porto Rico on
arriving in ports of the United States.
It appearing to the satisfaction of the department that no change
or modification on the part of the Spanish authorities, of the regulations granting certain privileges to vessels of the United States entering
and departing from ports of the said island of Cuba, has taken place
since the date of the circular instructions from this department of the
13th of June, 1S49, superseded by itistiuctions of my predecessor dated
June 30th and 10th August, 1S52, it is deemed expedient, and proper,
in view of existing treaty stipulations and the laws of the United States,
that the said circular instructions of 13th June, 1849, a copy of which
is hereto annexed, should be revived and continued in full force, with
the additions and modifications which follow, to wit:
The exemption from the liability to tonnage duty of Spanish vessels
coming from ports in the island of Cuba, to extend to such vessels
arriving in ports of the United States, cither in ballast or laden with
molasses taken in at any of the said ports; together with such quantity
<yf fresh fruit, the production of said island, as may be deemed by the
collector and naval officer, under the provisions of the 45th section ol
tfie act of 2d March, 1799, to be admissible as surplus stores: Provided,
The said vessels depart from the United States in ballast, or with their
cargoes of molasses, or cargoes of the staple productions of the Uiutea
States, under the restrictions contained in the 3d section of the act oj
30th June, 1834 : And provided further, That the master of such vesse*
produce to the collector, at the lime of entry, a certificate from the chiei
officer of the customs at the port in the island of Cuba from which tlie
vessel last departed, certified by the American consul, showing tne
continuance in said island of the exemption from tennagc duties o
American vessels, under the circumstances above stated.
,
Official information being in possession of the department that, una*
regulations established in the island of Porto Rico on the 1st November;
1851, no tonnage duty is levied on vessels of the United States entering
II. Doc. 3.
339
J e P ° " s ° f s f l d i s l a n f l and departing thence in ballast, or with canoes
of molasses, the same privileges and exemptions accorded to S n S
vessels arriving m ports of the United States from the ishnd of
are to be extended to such vessels coming from thTi lani o P o l Rico
Ss
e r
offiass^
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
Circular instructions to collectors and other officers of the customs.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
June 13, 1849.
The particular attention of the department has been called to the operation ot the acts of Congress "concerning tonnage duty on Spanish
vessels," approved 13th July, 1832, and 30th June, 1834, with especial
relerence to certain privileges, accorded on the part of the Spanish government to vessels of the United States entering and departing from
ports m the " island of Cuba," under certain mentioned circumstances.
* e l P r i v , , e 8 e s referred to are ascertained, from an authentic source, to
be of the following description, to wit:
1st. That American vessels entering ports in the island of Cuba, in
oallast, are not subjected to the payment of any tonnage duty whatever.
2d. American vessels entering the ports in the island of Cuba with a
cargo of any description of merchandise whatsoever, are exempted from
any charge of tonnage duty if such vessels export or convey therefrom
cargoes of molasses taken in at said ports.
I h e laws of 1832 and 1834, before mentioned, contemplate and require Spanish vessels coming from any port or place in the islands of
Ouba or Porto Rico, to pay in the ports of the United States the same
rate of duty on tonnage that shall be levied on American vessels at the
port in said islands from whence such Spanish vessels shall have last
departed; and likewise such further tonnage duty as shall be equivalent
to the amount of discriminating duty that would have been imposed on
the cargoes imported in the same vessels respectively, if the same had
been exported from the port of Havana in American bottoms. It consequently follows, that where no tonnage duty or discriminating duty
on the cargoes of American vessels entering and departing from ports
or places in the island of Cuba is imposed and collected thereat, Spanish
vessels coming from such ports or places are to be similarly treated as
regards tonnage duty in the ports of the United States.
The collectors of the customs are therefore instructed to abstain from
the exaction of any tonnage duty on Spanish vessels coming from ports
or places in the island of Cuba in baUast, or when laden with cargoes
of molasses taken in at either of said ports. Their cargoes, of course,,
must be subjected to the duties levied on the article by the tariff act of
*™th July, 1846, together with the additional duty imposed by the lltlv
section of the tariff act of 30th August, 1842.
340
II. Doc. 3.
Where Spanish vessels are about to depart from a port of the United
States with any goods, wares, or merchandise, for any destination other
than some port or place in the island of Cuba, or Porto Rico, the bond
and security required by the 3d section of the act of 30th June, 1834,
must be exacted in all such cases before allowing clearance or departure'
of the vessels.
To entitle Spanish vessels, coining from ports in the island of Cuba,
to the exemption from tonnage duties, in the cases contemplated in these
instructions, it is deemed a matter of proper precaution, in the event of
any future modification or change on the part of the Spanish authorities
of these privileges, to require the master of any such Spanish vessels to
produce to the collector, at the time of entry, from the chief officer of
the customs at the port in the island of Cuba from which the vessel last
departed, a certificate, duly verified by the American consul, stating
what tonnage duty, if any, is exacted on American vessels aniving at
said port in ballast; likewise what discriminating or other duty, if any, is
charged on such vessels when departing from said port with cargoes of
molasses.
W, M. MEREDITH,
Scentary of the Treasury.
General instructions to such public officers as hold, or may hereafter hold
public money,payable upon the drafts of the Treasurer of the United
States.
T R E A S U R Y D E P A R T M E N T , July
1S53.
Inconveniences having arisen to the holders of drafts payable more
than four hundred miles from the seat of government, from the provision contained in the circular of the 25th August, I S I & , requiring
such drafts to be presented for payment within ninety days from the
date of such drafts, the time for such presentation is hereby e x t e n d e d to
six months, and they may be paid according to their tenor—if presentees
within that time.
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
General instructions to collectors and other officers of the customs ^ wider
the act of 3d March, 1S51, regulating the appraisement of imports
merchandise.
T R E A S U R Y D E P A R T M E N T , July 20, 1853Your special aUention is called to the following instructions in relation
to the appraisement of merchandise, under the act of 3d March, lwW
additional to, or in modification of, the circular instructions from
department dated 27th March, 1851;
II. Doc. 3.
341
The invoice cost of foreign merchandise, supported by the oath
required by law, will be held and taken as the importer's declaration of
value at the port and time of shipment, and conclusive against the*mpprter; unless, before entering the same, the said importer, his consignee, or agent, where the merchandise has been actually purchased,
shall declare m writing, under oath, on the invoice, a decline in value
between the time of such purchase and the date of shipment, and the
amount thereof; in which case, such declared value shall be conclusive
against the importer; but in either case, the appraisers will determine
and hx such additional value as the law and the facts may warrant.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
al instruction to collectors and other officers of the customs in
districts adjacent to any foreign territory.
Collectors of the customs and their deputies, in districts of the United
States adjacent to foreign territories, are vested with power and authority, and it is their duty, to appraise all merchandise entered at their
respective ports, when other appraisers are not provided for by law.
The first section of the act of 1821, regulating the entry of merchandise imported from any adjacent territory, requires a manifest of all
go^ds imported, as above, with a description of the quantity, quality,
and value of the goods, supported by the oath of the importer.
The first section of the supplementary collection act of 1st March,
1823, requires a true invoice of the goods, with the foreign cost, to be
presented to the collector before entry.
The collectors will, therefore, require an invoice or a manifest, as required by the act of 1821, describing the character, quantity, quality,
and cost, or value of the merchandise, supported by the oath of the importer, before allowing the entry ; and when the importer has no invoice, nor such manifest as above prescribed, will cause him to make
*nd present the invoice or manifest required by law, and to support it
by oath before allowing the entry to be made.
The invoices thus made are to be taken as true against the importer ;
but it will be the duty of the collectors, by all the reasonable ways and
means within their power, to ascertain, estimate, and appraise the merchandise at its true value in the foreign port or place from which it was
shipped, as authorized and directed in the sixteenth and seventeenth
sections of the tariff act of 1842, and to add thereto the charges as provided in the appraisement act of 3d March, 1851, in order to determine
*he dutiable value thereof.
The collectors are instructed, that among other frauds on the revenue
frequently attempted, is that of entering merchandise at les3 than the
true quantity and below the true value, and that if any merchandise
imported is of ten per cent, greater value than that given in the invoice
which it has been entered, from either an increased quantity or reduced value, or from both combined, it is their duty to increase the entered value to the true value thereof, and impose the twenty per cent;
342
H.
Doc.
3.
additional duty thereon, as provided by law ; and that when the raerchandise shall be found to be from either or both of said causes, of
twenty per cent, greater value than the entered value, it is evidence of
fraud, which will justify a seizure on the ground of fraud.
The collectors are instructed that they should be careful to ascertain
the correct value of all merchandise entered at their respective ports, and
to cause the same duty to be collected upon like goods entered by differ*
ent importers from the same ports or places ; and they are directed to
include in their monthly abstracts tlie several rates of duties collected on
merchandise entered at their ports during the preceding month.
They are also instructed that goods should pass their custom-house in
the regular order in which the entries arc made, and no preference be
given to any one from any cause.
They are also instructed that it is made the duty of the appraisers at
large to produce uniformity in valuation of merchandise entered at the
different ports, and that it is the duty of collectors to advise and counsel
with such appraisers at large upon the subject.
They are also instructed that it is their duty to ascertain the character,
quantity, and quality, 33 well as value, of all merchandise entered at
their respective ports, and for that purpose to have it duly examined ;
but in no case are collectors or their deputies, previous to the actual
entry and examination of merchandise, to inform the importers or others
of the value at which such merchandise will be admitted to entry. The
collectors are also instructed that the original books of entry and books
of account, together with all accounts and vouchers of their respective
offices, are the property of this department, and are to he kept and preserved as such, and transmitted to their successors in office.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Sccrctanj of the Treasury*
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
July 30, 1S53.
General instructions to collectors and other officers of the customs.
TREASURY
DEPARTMENT,
August 25, 1853.
It is deemed advisable, for more convenient use and reference by officers of the customs, to embody in a single c i r c u l a r s e v e r a l important instructions issued by the department fiom time to time in regard to the
collection of the revenue from customs.
The act of March 3, 1S51, entitled "An act to amend the acts regula;
ting the appraisement of imported merchandise, and for other purposes,
rovides, in its first section, "That in all cases where there is or shall
e imposed any ad valorem rate of duty on any goods, wares, or merchandise imported into the United States, it shall be the duty of the collector
TO thin whose district the same shall be imported or entered, to cause the
actual market value or wholesale price thereof, at the period of the exportation to the United States* in the principal market* of the country
II. Doc. 3.
343
from which the same shall have been imported into the United States,
to be appraised, estimated, and ascertained; and to such value or price
shall be added all costs and charges, except insurance, and including iu
every case a charge for commissions at the usual rates, as the true value
at the port where the same may be entered, upon which duties shall be
assessed."
It will be perceived that the legal provision above cited requires the
duty to be assessed on the "actual market value or wholesale price" of
merchandise in the principal markets of the country from which imported, "at the period of the exportation to the United States," and on
all costs and charges except insurance.
When, however, goods are imported from a country other than that
of their growth, production or manufacture, and the invoice or appraised
value is less than "the actual market value or wholesale price thereof"
in the principal markets of the country of the growth, production or
manufacture, at the period of the exportation to the United States, collectors will report such cases, with all the facts and circudistances, to
the department, and await its instructions, before the final adjustment
of duties.
The "period of exportation" where the merchandise is laden on board
a vessel in the shipping port of the country of origin, or in which it was
purchased or procured for shipment to an owner, consignee, or agent
residing in the United States, must be deemed and taken to be the date
at which the vessel leaves the foreign port for her destination in the
United States.
That period will ordinarily be established by the production of the
clearance granted to the vessel at the foreign port of departure.
Importations may also be made from interior countries remote from the
sea-board, and having no shipping ports of their own, through the seaports of other countries. The "period of exportation" in such cases, at
which the actual market value and wholesale price of the merchandise
in the principal markets of the country whence imported into the United
States, is to be ascertained and estimated as the basis of dutiable value,
is the date at which the merchandise in question leaves said interior
country, destined in good faith, and in the regular and usual course of
trade, for shipment to some owner, consignee, or agent, residing in
the United States; of which satisfactory proof rftust be exhibited at the
time of entry.
.
. That period will be established ordinarily by the date of authentication of the invoice by the consular certificate.
In the absence, satisfactorily explained, of the proofs above indicated,
showing the date of exportation from the foreign country, other evidence
of that fact may be taken by the appraisers.
•
The law requires that there shall be added to the "actual market
value or wholesale price" of imports, ascertained as above, in order to
fix the dutiable value, "all costs and charges, except insurance, and
including in every case a charge for commissions at the usual rates.
These charges are—
.
,..
, .
1st. They must include "purchasing, carriage, bleaching, dying,
dressing, finishing, putting up, and.packing," together with the value
of the sack, package, box, crate, hogshead, barrel, bale, cask, can, and
covering of all kinds, bottles Jars, vessels, and demijohns*
344
II. Doc. 3.
2d. Commissions at the usual rate, but in no case less than two and
a half percent.; and where there is a distinct brokerage, or where
brokerage is a usual charge at the place of shipment or purchase, that
to be added likewise.
3d. Export duties, cost cf placing cargoes on board ship, including
drayage, labor, bill of lading, lighterage, town dues, and shipping
charges, dock or wharf dues ; and all charges to place the article on
ship board, and fire insurance, if effected for a period prior to the shipment of the goods to the United States.
Freight from the foreign port of shipment to the port of importation is
not a dutiable charge; but when goods are transported from an interior
country for shipment to the United Stales, the cost of transportation to
the foreign pert of shipment must also be included among the dutiable
charges.
The first section of the supplemental collection law of the 1st March,
1823, requires a true invoice of merchandise to be presented to the col*
lector at the time of the entry.
Invoices of goods actually purchased must exhibit the line cost, with
all dutiable costs and charges.
Invoices of goods procured otherwise than by purchase, such as shipments made by manufacturers or producers, must exhibit the "actual
market value or wholesale price thereof at the period of the exportation
10 the United States," with all charges included.
On the entry of imports actually purchased, (ihe invoice exhibiting the
true cost,) the owner, consignee, or agent n ay avail hiimolf of the privilege afforded by the Sth section of ihe tariff act of the 30th July, 1846,
of adding to the entry to raise the cost or value given in the invoice to
the "actual market value or wholesale price of the goods at the period of
the exportation to the United States." But the invoice cost of foreign
merchandise, supported by the oath required by law, will be held and
taken as the importer's declaration of value at the port and time of shipment, and conclusive againn him; unless, before entering the same, the
said importer, his consignee, or agent, where the merchandise has been
actually purchased, shall declare in writing, under oath, (annexed
form, No. 1) on the invoice, a decline in value between the time of the
purchase and the date of the exportation, and the umount thereof; ID
which case, such declared value shall be
against the importer.
In either case, the appraisers will determine and fix s u c h additional value
as the law and the facts may warrant.
The Sth section of the tariff act of the 30th July, 1846, provides, that
in the case of goods actually purchased, if the appraised value theieof be
found to exceed by ten per cent., or more, the value declared on the
entry, then, in addition to the duties imposed by law on the
there
shall be levied, collected and paid, a duty of twenty percent, ad valorem
on such appraised value.
In the case of imports procured otherwise than by purchase, such as
shipments made by manufacturers and producers, and which are required
to be invoiced at the "actual market value or wholesale price/' in »*e
principal markets of the country whence imported, at the period of exportation to the United States, with the proper dutiable charges, if the
appraised value shall exceed, by ten per cent, or more, the invoice value,
then, in accordance with the provisions of the lTvh section of the act ol
c o n c l u s i v e
s a m e ,
II. Doc. 3.
345
the 30th August, 1842 in addition to the duty imposed by law on the
same, there must be levied and collected fifty per centum of the dutv
y
imposed on the same, when fairly invoiced.
ad Ui0 na du ieS
^ - i [
^ e , n o t le%al{y ^argeable, except in cases
where the appraised value of the goods imported shall exceed, by ten
per cent, or more, the value as declared in the entry, exclusive of the
amount of "charges" ascertained and added to such appraised value bv
the appraisers in making up the dutiable value.
Incases where, on proper ascertainment, there shall prove to be an
excess of quantity of any article, or articles, over the quantity stated in
the invoice, and the United States appraisers shall be of opinion that
such excess does not arise from mistake, accident, or other excusable
cause, but from fraudulent intent and design on the part of the shipper,
T 1 1 u R e c t o r concurring in such opinion, the invoice and importation
shall be deemed fraudulent, and seizure and proceedings to confiscate
the goods should immediately take place. But when no intention of
fraud is manifested, in the opinion of the appraisers and collector, the
regular duty will be exacted on the full quantity ascertained, but no
additional duty will be levied in consequence of any excess in quantity
over that given in the invoice; and any instructions heretofore issued
by the department conflicting with this regulation, will henceforth be
inoperative.
At ports where there are no United States appraisers, the collector and
naval officer—where there is a naval officer, and where there is none,
the collector alone—will ascertain, estimate, and appraise the dutiable
value of imports.
The owner, importer, agent, and consignee, if dissatisfied with the
decision of the appraisers, or the officer or officers of the customs, as
aforesaid, acting as appraisers, may, in pursuance of the provisons of the
17th section of the act of 30th August, 1842, if he has complied with
its requirements, forthwith give notice to the collector, in writing, of
such dissatisfaction; and the collector is required by the provisions of
that section, modified by the 3d section of the act of the 3d March, 1851,
to select one discreet and experienced merchant, a citizen of the United
States and familiar with the character and value of the goods in question,
to be associated, when practicable, with an appraiser at large, and when
not, to select two such discreet and experienced merchants, to appraise
the goods in question; and if they shall disagree, the collector shall
decide between them; and the appraisement, thus determined, shall be
final, and deemed and taken to be the true value of said goods, and the
duties shall be levied theieon accordingly. This department cannot,
therefore, entertain any appeal from such appraisement made in good
faith, and in pursuance of law and instructions.
When the value of an importation is advanced by the appraisers, ten
per cent, or more, they will notify the importer, as per form No. 2, hereto
annexed.
. A notice .to the collector, in writing, requesting a re appraisement,
signed by the owner, importer, agent, or c o n s i g n e e , according to the
annexed form No. 3, will meet the requirement of the law.
The merchant appraiser or appraisers, as the case may be, will be
appointed by the collector, according to the annexed form No. 4.
346
II. Doc. 3.
The oath will be administered by the collector to the merchant
appraiser or appraisers, according to the annexed form No. 5.
The report of the appraisers will be according to form No. 6.
The appraisers, and officer or officers, of the customs, aforesaid, acting
as appraisers, will consult and advise freely with the appraisers at large;
it being made the duty of these officers by the act of the 3d March , 1S51,
under the direction of this department, to atford such aid and assistance
in the* appraisement of merchandise, as may be deemed necessary to
protect and insure uniformity in the collection of the revenue from
customs; and to enable them the better to discharge that duty, they
will be permitted to examine and compare the valuations of imports, and
require explanations of the quantities and values of articles undergoing
investigation in the appraisers' department.
When appeals are taken from the decision of the local appraisers, or
officers of the customs acting as appraisers, to a merchant and an
appraiser at large, if the latter finds himself disqualified by any preliminary examination, or expression of opinion, he may decline to act, and
the collector, if the importer desires it, may direct the general appraiser
residing nearest his port to act on the appeal.
In pursuance of the 52d section of the act of 2d March, 1799, no
abatement of the duties, in consequence of damage occurring on the
voyage oi importation, can be allowed, unless p r o o f to ascertain such
damage shall be lodged in the custom-house within ten days after the
landing of such merchandise. The certificates of port wardens, marine
surveyors, or other officers whose province it is to ascertain marine
damage, would furnish satisfactory proof on which the collector would
be justified in ordering an appraisement of the damage. But Fuch
certificate, or whatever other satisfactory form in which the proof of
damage may be presented, should specify the particular articles, or
packages, damaged, and the official examination and appraisement
should be confined to the articles and packages so specified.
In all cases where the damage exceeds fifty per cent, collectors will
continue to report the sarna to the department, and await its instructions.
Discounts are never to be allowed in any case, except on articles
where it lias been the uniform and established usage heretofore, and
never more than the actual discount positively known to the appraisers;
but in no case to be allowed unless it is exhibited on t h e f a c e of the
invoice.
None of the allowances for tare, draft, leakage, breakage,
specified
in the 5Sth and 59th sections of the act of 2d March, 1799, are to be
made, not being applicable to imports subject to ad valorem duties.
No more than the actual tare, or weight of a cask, or package, canbe
allowed, and if the collector doubts the correctness of the tare specified
in the invoice, it will be his duty to cause the actual tare, or weight ot
the cask or package, to be ascertained; and for that purpose, he may cause
to be emptied and weighed such number of casks and packages as ne
may deem advisable*
. ,
The law requires invoices of merchandise imported into the United
States, and subject to an ad valorem duty, to be made out in the cn [ reI J^
of the country, or place, from which the importation is made. In ,ttie
estimation oi the values of imports in order to the assessment of dutM*
the currency of the invoice must be converted into money of the Unitea
H. Doc.
.3
347
States according to the rates of value determined in the following
modes9
a
to wit:
1st. Where the value of the foreign currency is fixed at specified rates
by a law of the United States, that value is to be taken in all cases in
estimating the duties, unless collectors shall have been otherwise previously instructed by this department, or a depreciation of the value of
the foreign currency is duly shown by consular certificate attached to
the invoice.
2d. Where the value of the foreign currency is not fixed by any law
of the United States, the invoice must be accompanied by a consular
certificate showing its value in Spanish or United States silver dollars.
The consular certificate of the value of the foreign currency in which
the invoice is made out, is, in all cases, to be taken as conclusive, unless
collectors shall have good reason to believe its statement erroneous, in
which case they will submit the facts to the department and await its
instructions.
A list of the values of foreign currencies, as fixed by law, is appended
to this circular.
The law requires the owner of foreign merchandise imported into the
United States to verify the invoice by his oath.
Owners, importers, consignees, or agents, residing in the United States,
must take the oath before the collector of the customs at the time of entry.
Owners not residing at the time in the United States must verify their
invoices by oath, administered by a consul or commercial agent of the
United States, or by some public officer duly authorized to administer
oaths in the country from which the goods shall have been imported, in
which latter case such official certificate must be authenticated by a consul or commercial agent of the United States.
If there be no consul or commercial agent of the United States in the
country from which the merchandise shall have been imported, the authentication must be executed by a consul of a nation at the time in
amity with the United States, if there be any such residing there. If
there be no such consul, the authentication must be made by two respectable merchants, if any such there be, residing at the port from which
the merchandise shall have been imported.
The several provisions of law, and the regulations and instructions in
pursuance thereof, prescribed by the department for the due
ment of the quantity, quality, and value of imports, will be feithluliy
observed, and the requisite examinations thoroughly made, and the abstracts, returns, and accounts required by law and instructions, regularly
and promptly transmitted to the department.
Imports should pass the custom-house in the order in which they are
made, and no preference should be given to one importer over another in
that respect.
. . ., .
- .
A
The collectors are also instructed that the original books of entry and
books of account, together with all the papers relating to the business ot
their respective offices, are the property of the U n i t e d States, and are to
be kept and preserved as s u c h , and transmitted to their successors in
° ffiCe *
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
II. Doc. 3.
348
No. 1.—Oath of an importer declaring a decline in talue.
1 do solemnly and truly stvear that this invoice of good
imported by or consigned to me in the ship
, whc rcof
is master, from
, contains a faithful and just account of the actual cost of the said goods. Further, that at the date of exportation the
market value of said goods was
t showing a decline in value between the
time of the purchase and the date of the exportation, and that the sum
last mentioned represents the true market value of the goods at the time
of exportation.
Sworn befoie me this
FORM
day of
1S5
Collector of the Customs.
FORM
No. 2.—Notice to importer of advance of talue by appraisement.
CTRSTOM-HOTFSE,
Col/cctor's Office,
, 18SIR: A lot of
, entered by yon on the «
per the
, from
has1 been appraised by the public appraisers of this district in accordance
lance with law; and the valuation exceeds
by ten per cent, the amount declared as the value on entry.
If you appeal from this appraisement, it will be necessary to do so
within twenty-four hours.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
, Collector.
To
, Merchant.
FORM
No. 3.—Importer's notice to coUcctor, claiming
re
appraisement*
,18—
Sin: As I consider the appraisement made by the United States appraisers too high on
—
having been imported by
•—
I have to request that they may be re appraised pursuant to law, with as
little delay as jour convenience will permit.
Very respectfully,
To
Collector of the Customs.
FORM
No. 4.—Appointment of merchant appraisers.
CUSTOM H O U S E ,
Collector's Office,
>
-SIR: YOU are hereby appointed to appraise a lot of
—
which has been entered at this port, the importer h a v i n g requested a
new appraisement thereof, in accordance with the provisions of the sev-
II. Doc. 3.
49
eral acts of Congress providing for and regulating the appraisement of
a t
Iffi
~ ° cIock >
> t 0 a P P ^ e the said goods purBefore entering upon the duty indicated in the above appointment,
you will please call at this office to take the requisite oath.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
rn
„, ,
, Collector.
10
, Merchant.
FORM
No. 5.—Appraisers oath.
CUSTOM HOUSE, •
Collector's Office,•
-—,18—.
I, the undersigned, appointed by the collector of,
to appraise a lot of
, imported per
, from
t
»the importer having requested a new appraisement thereof
in accordance with law, do hereby solemnly swear, diligently and faithfully to examine and inspect said lot of
, and truly to report? to the best of my knowledge and belief, the actual market value or
wholesale price thereof at the period of the exportation of the same to the
United Stan s, in the principal markets of the country from which the
same was imported into the United States, in conformity with the provisions of the several acts of Congress providing for and regulating the
appraisement of imported merchandise. So help me God.
FORM N O .
6.—Appraiser's report.
, 18—.
SIR: We have examined
, imported by
,
, in the
, and are of opinion that the
actual market value or wholesale price of the said goods at the period of
the exportation ihereof to the United States, in the principal markets of
the country from which the same were imported into the United States,
was, and we do therefore appraise the same, as follows:
Marks,
Numbers.
j
1
Value.
Description of merchandise.
I
j
!
1
j
I
' ^ Appraisers.
Collector of the Customs*
II. Doc. 3.
350
List of foreign currencies, the value of which has been fixed by the hws
of the United States.
Franc of France and Belgium - §0 18^
Florin of Netherlands
40
Florin of southern States of Germany
*
40
Guilder of Netherlands
.
.
.
.
40
Livre Toumois of France
1SJ
Lira of the Lombardo Venitian kingdom
*
16
Lira of Tuscany
16
Lira of Sardinia
l&iV
Milrea of Portugal
*
- 1 12
Milrea of Azores
83$Marc Banco of Hamburg
35
Pound sterling of Great Britain
- 4 84
Pound sterling of British Provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Canada - 4 00
Dollars of Mexico, Peru, Chili, and Central America - 1 00
Pagoda of India
-184
Real Vellon of Spain
5
Real Plate of Spain
.
.
.
10
Rupee Company
44£
Rupee of British India 44
Specie dollar of Denmark
-105
Rix dollar or thaler of Prussia and the northern States of Germany 69
Rix dollar of Bremen
fb'i
Ruble, silver, of Russia 75
Specie dollar of Sweden and Norway •
-106
Florin of Austria
4BJ
Ducat of Naples
60
Ounce of Sicily
2 40
Tael of China .
.
.
.
- 1 48
Leghorn livres
General instructions to consuls of the United States.
TREASURY
DEPARTMENT,
September 20, 1853.
S I R : The deportment has noticed, with much
those
instances in which consuls, acting upon the
contained m
circulars Nos. 48, 49, 56, 57, have aided in the detection of attempted
frauds upon ihe revenue of the country, by unscrupulous shippers or
importers, the prevention of which is especially due to the fair al?a
upright trader. Your attention is now respectfully recalled to the circulars above cited; and I would further add, that the
deems
it expedient to direct, that where consular certificates to invoices of gooa
s a t i s f a c t i o n ,
s u g g e s t i o n s
d e p a r t m e n t
H;
DOC* S.
351
destined for the United States are required, they shall be granted only by
the consul nearest to the place where such goods have been manufactured or prepared for exportation. A practice, it is understood, has
extensively prevailed, of transmitting invoices to an agent at the port of
shipment, for the usual consular certificates, whose deposition must necessarily be made without due knowledge of their accuracy or details.
Thus invoices of goods manufactured or prepared for shipment in Switzerland are, in most cases, sworn to at Havre; and the same with those
from Lyons, and those from Cette, are verified at Marseilles—those from
Aix, at the ports of Holland or Belgium, &c., &c. It is manifest that
great abuses must spring from such a practice, the meaning and intent
of the law being to require those who must necessarily have an entire
knowledge of the spirit and contents of the invoices, personally to depose
to their co7Utnts; and all consuls of the United States are therefore strictlyenjoined to conform to the rule now established, and to report to this
department any violation of the same which may come to their knowledge.
An erroneous impression exists with many foreign shippers of goods
to the United States, lhat the consuls before whom the oath to invoices
is either taken or verified have no power to examine the details of such
invoices, but*simply to verify the fact of such oath being taken before
them, or by an offier in authority, known to them as such.
For the purpose of carrying out a particular system of revenue duties,
the government of the United States requires that the accuracy of certain
invoices should be ascertained and verified, and a reasonable time for
consuls to accomplish that object, by an examination of such invoices,
cannot be justly denied to them. Consuls are not supposed to be practically acquainted with the market prices or value of ail merchandise
within their district, or of the precise weights, tares, measures, bounties,
&c., &c., included therein; but experience and inquiry will result in
such information on these points as will enable them to render efficient
aid to the revenue officers of the United States, by promptly informing
the department, as well as the collector of the port to which the goods
may be destined, of every instance where an exporter persists in refusing
to correct his invoice when apprized of its defects, and that it will be
subject to revision at the custom-houses of the United States.
In the application of an exclusive system of ad valorem duties to the
revenues of the United States, the department relies with confidence upon
the vigilance of consuls for the detection of any abuses that may be
committed, or any unfair practices that may be supposed to exist, in
legard not only to the declaration of the original cost or export value of
foreign merchandise, but in all the c h a r g e s , discounts, bounties, &c.,
incident to the business of preparing goods for the markets of the United
States, as well as for their promptness in reporting all the particulars to
. , ,
the department.
,
The board of general appraisers being permanently organized at New
York, you will oblige the department by forwarding to them occasionally
(directed to the chairman of said board) such price-cunrents, manufacturers' statements of prices, or merchants' priitted circulars or pnces, or
any other general i n f o r m a t i o n , as may. be within your reach, and that
you may consider useful to them in the discharge of their duties.
, Your attention is also directed to the eighth and d ™ ^ ™ * ™ 0 *
the act of Congress of March 1, 1823, in which it will be seen that a
II. Doc. 3.
352
consular certificate is required in all cnses of invoices of goods exported
by the manufacturers thereof, in whole or in part, for their account, notwithstanding another owner in part may reside in the United States,
This provision of the law of 1S23, the department has reason to believe,
has been hitherto overlooked in many instances.
But under no circumstances should a consul administer an oath,
unless he be authorized so to do by the laws of the country in which
his consulate is situated, and unless the laws of that country regard the
oath so administered, when falsely taken, as peijury, and prescribe an
adequate punishment for the offence.
When the laws cf a foreign country do not authorize consuls to
administer the oath, it should be taken before the nearest local magistrate, whose legal competency should then be certified by the nearest
consul, as already directed.
It will be incumbent upon you, therefore, to inform yourself immediately upon these two points, and to form your action accordingly, in
all future cases of granting certificates to invoices, and to advise the
department promptly thereof.
If a consul ascertains and has reliable evidence of the falsity of an
oath, either administered by him or by a local magistrate whose certificate he has authenticated, he should notify the department, which
will transmit to him the original invoice and oath, to be used, if deemed
expedient, in a prosecution for perjury.
You will of course take care to give immediate publicity to the mate*
rial points in these instructions within your district, that the change in
the system of granting certificates to invoices, which will be material
and important, may cause the least possible embarrassment to traders
and shippers
In acknowledging, as you are especially requested to do, the receipt of
these instructions, such suggestions, in relation thereto, as may occur
to you, will be respectfully considered, A copy lias been furnhhed to
the collectors of customs ol the United States lor their government.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury *
General instructions to collectors of customs.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
September 21, 1S53.
SIR: Inforaation has been received at the department, that the 4th
section of the law of the 28th March, 1796, for the protection of American seamen, is subjected to serious abuses in foreign ports by
transfer or sale, to foreign seamen, of the certificates of citizenship issuea
under that law.
In the present peaceful position of the greater proportion of those coun*
tries to which the commerce of the United States extends, the P ^ t e c ^ n ? '
so called, granted to American seamen, naturalized or native, are ofntu
II. Doc. 3.
353
other practical value than to enable them to demand the aid and succor
of the American consul in a foreign port, in case of sickness'or other
disability; but, aware as they are oi the facility of procuring the renewal
of these « protections" on theirreturn to the United States, they very often
do not scruple to transfer, for a consideration, the right to such aid and
succor, to a foreign seaman, who, in case of such sickness or disability, is
thus enabled to avail himself of the provision made for American citizens
in due course of law.
Consuls might interpose some check to the abuses referred to, by
strict investigation, in cases where there exists in their minds a suspicion
that the sick or destitute seaman, claiming relief under a protection, is
not the individual to whom the same was originally issued; and if satisfied on that point, by withholding the relief demanded.
Under the existing law, the department is without the power essentially to correct the impositions referred to, and deems it therefore
expedient to call your especial attention to the subject, requesting you
to use every vigilant care in issuing certificates of citizenship under the
law already cited, especially in reference to the proofs adduced at the
time by applicants for said certificates.
You will perceive, by the preceding general instructions to consuls, that important changes have been directed to be made in the
manner of granting consular certificates to invoices of goods destined for
the United States, and you are requested to give such instructions as
will conform therewith in your office.
•
You will further report to this department any case in which you
may have reason to believe that a shipper or importer has sworn falsely,
or in which it may appear that a consul has deviated from these instructions, by exercising his functions within the proper district of one of
his colleagues.
A copy of these instructions has been furnished to the consuls of the
United States, for their government.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, September 2 2 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: In the commercial returns from your district for the quarter
ending the 30lh instant, and in future, you will omit the designation
heretofore known in our commerce with Germany as the Hanse Towns,
and in lieu thereof introduce the three imperial cities of Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubec, so as to exhibit the imports, exports, and tonnage employed in our trade with each. The remaining ports of Germany will'
be embraced under the designation of other ports in Germany.
As the information derived from the returns of the commerce and
navigation of our country is of great importance to this department, to
porigress for legislative action,and to thocommercial interest at large, it
is desirable that tin* returns should be made to the department at as early
a
day as practicable after the close of the quarter, and you are therefore
requested to give your p a r t i c u l a r attention to their preparation, and have
them forwarded without unnecessary delay to the Register of the Irea23
II. Doc. 3.
354
suiy, as required by tlie 13th section of the act of February 10, 1820,
entitled " An act to provide for obtaining accurate statements of the
foreign commerce of the United States."
Very respectfully, <fcc.,
JAMES
GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury*
,
Collector,
General instructions to colkctors ayid other officers of the customs.
T R E A S U R Y DEPARTMENT,
September22, 1853.
It appearing from the abstracts of duties on merchandise imported,
transmitted to this department from the lake and frontier ports, that great
diversity of practice prevails in the clarification of articles of woodt
under the tariff act of 1846. it is deemed expedient, in order to thees*
tablishment of uniformity in the charge of duties at the several ports, to
give the views of the department in refcrcnce to the various descriptions
of the article in question as imported.
The several varieties of wood specifically provided for in the tariff act
arecs follows:
In schedule B, charged with 40 per cent duty.—Manufactures of cedar,
ebony, granadilla, mahogany, rose, and satin woods.
In schedule C\ charged with 30 per rent. duty.—Baskets of osier, wil*
low, &c., not otHlrwise provided for; brooms; canes and sticks for walking, finished or unfinished; carriages and parts of carriages; corks; manufactures of the bark of the cork tree; fire-wood; frames and sticks for
umbrellas, parasols, or sunshades, finished or unfinished; cabinet or
household furniture.
Under schedule B, charged with 20 per cent. duty.—Barks, not otherwise provided for; boards; cedar, ebony, and granadilla woods, unmanufactured; lath; mahogany, unmanufactured; osier, prepared for basketmakers 9 use; planks; rr.se*wood and satin-wood, unmanufactured; spare;
staves; timber, hewn and sawed, and timber to be used in building
wharves; willow, pjepared for basket-makers' use.
,
In schedule
charged with 15 percent, duty.—Bark, Peruvian ana
Quilla; cork-tree bark, unmanufactured.
In schedule G, charged with 10 per cent. duly.—Ratans and reeds, unmanufactured.
In schedule II, charged with 5 p e r cent, duty.—Brazil wood, and all
other dye-woods in sticks.
By the provisions of schedule C, in addition to the specified articles
classed therein, a duty of 30 per cent, is levied on all manufactures
V
wood7 or of which wood is a component part, not otherwise p r o v i d e d tor,
and also upon wood umnanvfacturid, not otherwise provided for.
,
Under these general provisions, a duty of 30 per cent, is to be
on the following-named articles, questions in regard to which
submitted to the department, viz: Arks of boards, logs, &c.; bafljjr
beams; boards, when dressed or planed, tongued o r g r o o v e d ; suing
II. Doc. 3.
855
bolts, eaves troughs, fence-rails, hogsheads, headings, hoops, knees for
boats or ships; lasts, finished or rough; saw-logs, and logs of all kinds
of wood, except those excepted in schedule E; palings, pickets, poles,
posts, rafts of logs, rollers, shingles, slabs, shooks, spokes for wagons,
&c.; staves, if dressed; and railroad ties.
In place of the indefinite term " lumber," as it appears in the abstracts,
although not used in the tariff act, it is desirable that the particular designation of the articles in view should bergiven, as " boards," "planks,"
rough or dressed, &c., as the case may be.
The occasion is taken to call the special attention of the collectors and
all other officers of the customs, of the frontier and lake ports, to the
attempts which there is reason to believe have and may be again
made, by unscrupulous traders, to effect the illicit introduction of dutiable articles into the United States, from the adjacent foreign possessions,
by the agency of Indians, passing into the United States under the
sanction of the 105th section of the general collection act of 3d March,
1799.
This provision of law exempts from the payment of duties the "peltries," and u proper goods and ejects" of the Indians, " unless the same
be goods in bales or other large packages, unusual among Indians, which
shall not be "considered goods belonging bona fide to Indians, nor be
entitled to exemption from duty."
The officers of the customs will therefore refuse the free entry of goods,
brought across the boundary line by any Indian, unless from a close examination of the case he is satisfied that they belong bonafideto the Indian bringing them; and in cases where there is reasonable cause for suspicion of intended fraud, will at once seize the goods and cause the.
proper judicial proceedings to be instituted against the same, as forfeited under the laws.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
Circular to heads of bureaus.
October 1 , 1 8 5 3 .
SIR: The hours of business to be observed in the various branches of
the Treasury Department, from and after this date, and untilthe. Is; of
April next, are, from 9 o'clock a. m., to 3 o'clock p. m. This regulation reduces the period of labor, as heretofore observed, m some offices,
one hour; and as six hours' work in the day does not seem^ to be an
unreasonable exaction on the part of the g o ™ 6 ^ . ®
X
support it affords, it is expected that t h e s e hours will be fai hfully. observed and applied by all, without abatement or misappropriation, to the
duties of their respective stations.
.
. 4 r t h o ™rl™ttPd
f
Absence from the office during business hours
<*cept from sickness ; in which case notice
?f the office. Neither wiU indulgence m a r d e n t " T T ^ f l t ^ e
hours be tolerated. The first o f f e n c e of this land will, m every instance^
he visited by, removal from office.
w ™ nrh\oh has
The Secretary is happy to perceive the s a l u t a r y change which has
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
356
II. Doc. 3.
taken place in the business habits of the oflicers of the department, and
the great improvement in the condition of the business, which is its
appropriate fruit. He trusts the oflicers of the dejiartment will all feel
a just pride in placing and keeping the business throughout in such a
condition as at all times to be promptly despatched at once, for the safety
of the United Stales, the credit of the department, and the satisfaction
and convenience of individuals.
The heads of the bureaus are'earnestly requested to promote habits of
order and decorum on the part of the clerks in their respective offices,
and sentiments of comity and good will in their intercourse with each
other. On the other hand, they will repress, as far as may be in their
power, ihe reading of newspapers during olfice hours, and waste of time
by unnecessary or frivolous conversation or otherwise. Every employ<
in the department is the representative of the g o v e r n m e n t ,
respect to
the particular business intrusted to his care. \Vhilst he is unflinchingly
to defend the interests of the United States committed to his charge, he
should treat with frankness, courtesy, and kindness all those who have
business to transact with him. And thus, by dignity of deportment ana
an accommodating spirit, serve to conciliate, within the sphere of his
employment, the confidence and respect of the people for the government and institutions of their country.
I am, very respectfully,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
[The foregoing was sent to the head of each bureau of the department.]
General instructions to collectors and other officers of the customs, concerning allowance for discounts, under acts of 2Oth April, 1S18, and 1st
March, 1S23.
TREASURV
DEPARTMENT,
October 6, l8i>3.
It appearing, from representations made to this department f r o m several of the collection districts, that more specific instructions t h a n have
heretofore been given are required in relation to the allowance of discounts on invoices of imported merchandise, your special attention i*
called to the subject.
By the 21st section of the supplementary collection act of 20th April;
1 8 1 i t is provided :
" That no discount shall be allowed on any goods, wares, or merchandise, subject to ad valorem duty, admitted to entry, u n l e s s the importer shall expressly state, on oath or affirmation, that
di^ui
has been actually and bona fide allowed to the owner or owners of^ su
goods, wares, or merchandise, in the payment made for the s a m e * ^
The supplementary collection act of 1st March, 1623, in the 4th, w g
7th, and bth sections, prescribing the oath or affirmation to be tiaKenJ
the owner, consignee, importer, or agent, as the case may be, oe
s u c h
II. Doc. 3.
357
their being admitted to entry, requires that it shall be declared under
such oath or affirmation, «that the invoice contains no S o m t l t Z
ties, or drawbacks, but such as have been actually allowed "
directedTh^t mi ! a^Hf . e r i s i ° U S o f ^ r e m a i n i n g still in full force, it is
f
™
,
^ses, on the oath or affirmation so required
h
di SCOuntnoted o n t h e f a c e
X±™ln0t b e ( T >
,
of the invoi
hSZ b e . , a k e n a n d considered m determining the cost of the goods; it
toeing, however, expressly understood that this is not to prevent the appraiser from exercising any part of the authority vested in him bv law
in ascertaining, estimating, and appraising the true market value of the
merchandise, and the dutiable value of the same; in the performance of
wmch duty, it must be observed, no discount can be allowed that will
reduce the goods below their true market value; and that no regard can
De had to discounts depending upon conditions to be performed by the
consignees on the arrival of the merchandise.
The foregoing regulation will necessarily supersede any existing rule
fixing and determining the rate of discount to be allowed on certain specified articles.
With every disposition to allow all actual, fair, and reasonable dis
counts, the department is called upon, by a sense of official duty, to en^
join upon the officers of the customs continued vigilance in guarding
the revenue from abuses in this particular. Instances have occurred
where an invoice has exhibited a discount greater by 2\ per cent, than
that shown on eacll of several other invoices of precisely similar goods,
from the same foreign house, and imported in the same vessel, at the
same time; the said
per cent, raising the discount claimed just so
much higher than the usual rate, as to form an offset to the charge for
commissiojis required to be added in ascertaining the dutiable value of
merchandise.
In such cases, or others exhibiting a ground for suspicion of intended
fraud, it will become the duty of the collector to consult with the district
attorney of the United States, on the propriety of instituting legal proceedings appropriate to the case.
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
Circular*
T R E A S U R Y DEPARTMENT, October 11, 1853,
. SIR: By the joint resolution of Congress approved 7th January, 1846,
U is made " the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury to cause the estimates of appropriations which he is required by law to prepare and submit to Congress to be printed, and copies of the same to be delivered to
House of Representatives in time for distribution at the commencement of each session;" and by the 14th section of the act of the 26th
August, 1842, it is required that the estimates shall specify, as nearly as
may be convenient, the sources from which such estimates are derived
and the calculations upon which they are founded, and in so doing to
discriminate between such estimates as are conjectural and such as are
founded upon actual information and application of disbursing officers;
358
II. Doc. 3.
and in communicating the several estimates, reference shall be given
to the several laws and treaties by which they are authorized, the dates
thereof, and the volume, page, and section in which the necessary provisions are contained.
The second section of the act of 17th June, 1844, also contains some
explicit direcdons upon the subject of estimates in the following words:
"That whenever, hereafter, in submitting to Congress the annual
estimates from the seveial Executive departments of the government, it
shall be found that the usual items of such estimates vary materially in
amount from the appropriation ordinarily asked for the object named,
and especially from the appropriation granted for the same objects for
the year next preceding; and whenever new items not theretofore usual
shall be introduced into such estimates for any year, the estimates shall
be accompanied by minute and full explanations from the head of the
appropriate department of all such variations and new items, setting
forth the reasons and grounds upon which the amounts are required,
and the different items added; and whenever any such estimate, whether
annual or special, shall ask an appropriation for any new specific expenditure, such a3 the construction of a fort, the erection of a customhouse or other public building, or the construction of any other public
work requiring a plan before the building or work can be properly completed, every such estimate shall be accompanied by a full plan and detailed estimates of the cost of the whole work, and all subsequent estimates for every such work shall give the original estimated cost, the ag*
gregite amount theretofore appropriated for the same, and the amount
actually expended thereupon, as well as the amount asked for the current year for which such estimate shall be made; and whenever any
subsequent estimate shall ask for an appropriation for any such work beyond the original estimate of the cost, the full reasons for the excess, and
the extent of the anticipated excess, shall be also stated."
It has been the practice heretofore for the Register of the Treasury to
request the several heads of the other departments, and the .heads ef
bureaus of this department, to furnish the estimates of expenditures expected to be required under their authority, severally and respectively, to
enable the Secretary of the Treasury to comply with the above resolution
and law; and a few days since he addressed a circular letter to the oflicers mentioned, for that purpose. I presume, therefore,
the estimates
required are now in the course of preparation.
..
Upon looking into the subject, I find that for the last few y e a r s n e i t t i e r
the resolution nor the laws referred to have been complied with in tn®
particulars cited; and from an apprehension that your attention may noi
otherwise be drawn to the subject, I take the liberty of now asking it,
earnestly requesting you to instruct, both in the matter of the time ana
form of rendition, the officers charged with making out the estimates
dependent upon your authority.
«
The estimates for the year ending 30th June, 1851, were communicated by the Secretary of the Treasury under date of 16th Novemt>er>
1840;
Ditto, ending 30th June, 1852, under date of 23d November, 18Wr
Ditto, ending 30th June, 1S53, under date of 24th November, lj*>iT
Ditto, ending 30th June, 1854, under date of 7th December, w j The last communication was made on the very day of the meeting
Congress, and of course was a failure to comply with the resoiuu
t h a t
II. Doc. 3.
^
tWrd
™
359
n0t
*
tobeprinted, and
After the estimates are received from the other departments and bureaus at this, some time is required for arranging and consolidating themand to afford the time, I will be greatly obliged to you if you iiU
S
mit your estimates by the first of next month at latest.
Permit me also to call your attention to the very stringent provisions
upon the subject of the surplus fund, contained in the 10th secdonof
the act of 31st August, 1S52, page 99, and to request that if it is probable
that any moneys, within the purview of thaWsection, which were appropnated prior to 1st July, 1852, will be required, and yet cannot be applied prior to the 1st July next, that such moneys may be added to the
estimates as proper objects of re-appropriation.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JAMES GUTHRIE,
Secretary of the Treasury.
[The same as the foregoing was sent to the heads of the Departments of State, War, Navy, Interior, and to the Attorney General; also to the
head of each bureau of the Treasury Department.]
General instructions to collectors of the customs, surveyors acting as
collectors, and receivers of public moneys arising from sales of the
public lands.
T R E A S U R Y DEPARTMENT,
October 28, 1853.
It is deemed proper by this department to call your attention to the
ISth, 19th, and 20th sections of the*act entitled «An act to provide for
the better organization of tlie treasury, and for the collection, safekeeping, transfer and disbursement of the public revenue," approved August
6, 1S46, which provide that all duties, taxes, sales of public lands,
&c., shall be paid in gold and silver coin only, or in treasury notes
issued under the authority of the United States, and that all disbursements by officers of the United States shall be made in funds of the
same description.
As it is the design of the above-mentioned act to disconnect the government and its revenues from banks altogether, your attention is also
called to the 16th section of said act, by which any deposite of the public
moneys in such institutions is prohibited under severe penalties.
This department will require a strict compliance with the above provisions of law, and any violation thereof which may be brought to its
notice will be reported to the President of the United States, for such
action as he may deem right and p w g ^
^ ^ ^
Secretary of the Treasury.
360
II. Doc. 3.
General instructions to collectors and other officers of the customs.
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
November 30, 1853.
The following decisions of ihis department, made since the 4th March
last, and not comprehended in the general instructions heretofore issued,
are communicated for your information and government.
Additional duty of fifty per cent, of the duty to which the goods are
liable, levied under the 17th section of the act of 1S42, on the appraised
value of the same, is incurred when the goods belong to the manufacturer, or are obtained by other means than by purchase; on goods actually
purchased the "additional duty" of twenty percent, on the appraised
value is to be charged, as provided in the Sth section of the act of
1846.
This duty is not incurred by a simple excess of quantity over the invoice quantity, but only where the value of the article, as given in the
invoice and entry, shall be ten per ccnt. below the appraised market
value. The regular tariff duly is, however, to be assessed on the excess
as ascertained.
Alloicances for tare, leakage, breakage, and draft.—It has been decided
that none of these allowances, specified in the obih and 59th sections of
the act of 2d March, 1799, can be now made, they being considered inapplicable to imports subject to ad valorem duties. Allowances of this character, therefore, under existing laws, can only be made as follows:
The actual tare ascertained in the mode .specially pointed out in general instructions, dated 25th August, 1S53.
The actual leakage or breakage incurred during the voyage of importation—the former to be ascertained by gauge, and the latter by careful
examination of the packages or articles, by the proper officer of the customs.
The allowance for draft (draff or dust) being only applicable to articles
in bulk, a reasonable estimate of allowance may be made by weighing
or measuring a portion of the articl^so imported.
Animals importedfor breed.—The existing laws simply provide for the
exemption from duty of " animals imported for breed."
The declaration of the importer to the fact of their being so imported,
made under oath or affirmation, in compliance with the 94th section of
the act of 2d March, 1799, is not to be considered conclusive, where circumstances may induce a doubt in the mind of the collector; hence a
discretion is vested in that officer, who is to determine any question ot
doubt by the exercise of a sound judgment iu view of all the facts and
circumstances of the ca.se.
Appraisement of merchandise.—-The act of 3d March, 1S51, amendatory
of the acts regulating appraisements, declaring that duties must be assessed on the general market value or wholesale price of merchandise,
with costs and charges added, at the period of exportation to the knitea
States, any provision of previous laws which would s u b s t i t u t e , as tn
basitof duty, the general market value at any other
are,necessarily repealed. as inconsistent with the latter provision. It/allows tna
the value of merchandise at the date of purchase, as stated in themvoic >
p e r i o d ,
II. Doc. 3.
261
can in no case be legally made the basis of the dutiable value of the
importation, unless it be also the general market value or w h o l e s a l f p ^
P
at the period of the exportation to the United States.
In ail cases when duties are paid on imports under protest the an
praisers will be careful to retain samples ofthe m e r c h a n d s d u l y t
S & S i P T W
Lat ^ « U a n t i * a n d description ofthe goo^may
be legally established, should a suit be instituted against the collector
I he report, or statement of the appraisement of imports, must in each
f n t i n £ > ai ? d signed,not by initials, but in full, so as to constitute legal proof of the appraisement. This report or statement should
be written on the invoice or entry, if practicable; and if not, on a separate
paper, to he permanently attached to the invoice or entry.
l o enable the collector to report additions made on appraisement to the
l u n L s l v ¥ ? 111 i n v o i c e s o r entries, in compliance with the circulars of
the ^bth December, 1S4S, and 9th October, 1850, a record must befaithtully kept of all such additions or advances, in which record must be set
lorth, in each case, the name of the importer, the merchandise, the vessel m which imported, the value given in the invoice or entry, and the
advance made by the appraisement.
#
The atteution of collectors is called to the form No. 5, ofthe oath to
be administered to merchant appraisers on appeal, and form No. 6, of
their report appended to treasury circular of tlie 25th August last, a rigid
compliance with which must b,e enforced.
Duties assessed and paid, in conformity with the law, on the appraised
value of goods, cannot be refunded on any claim founded exclusively on.
the decree of a court, pronounced in a case where the only question before it was of libel against the goods, as being undervalued in the invoice,
with intent to defraud the revenue. In the trial of such a case, it is
conceived the court has no power or authority over the appraisement so
made, and its opinion thereto would be extra-judicial.
Argots, or crude tartar.—The article imported under the designation and commercially known as "argols, or crude tartar," to be admitted to entry at a duty of five per cent, ad valorem, as provided in
schedule H of the tariff act; unless reported by the United States appraisers as refined, half refined, or partially refined, in which case it
Would become liable to the duty of twenty per cent, ad valorem, under
the 3d section of the act, as a non-enumerated article.
Articles for the use of the United States.—By a special act of Congress
passed the 29th March, 1848, books, maps, and charts, imported for the
Use of the library of Congress, are admitted to free entry: " Provided,
That if in any case a contract shall have been made with any bookseller,
importer, or other person, for books, maps, or charts, in which contract
the bookseller, importer, or other person aforesaid, shall have paid the
duty, or included the duty in said contract, in such case the duty shall
not be remitted."
The "Act to supply deficiencies," &c., passed the 26th January,
1849, in providing for the free admission of all articles imported for the
Use of the United States, contains no similar proviso; but a like precaution being deemed necessary and proper under the last named lay, the
Collector is directed, in cases of any importations alleged to be for the use
the United States, to await the instructions from this department,
^hichjon its being advised by the p r o p e r officer of government, will
862
II. Doc. 3.
be transmitted, for the delivery of the articles, free of duty or charges, to
the agent duly authorized to receive them.
Articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the United States,
exported to a foreign country, and brought back to the United States in
the same condition as when exported, are exempted from duty under
schedule I of the existing tarift. In addition to the proof of identity,
specified in the treasury circular of 31st December, 1847, it is directed
that, before admitting goods, wares, or merchandise, so brought back, to
free entry, the collector shall require the production of certified statements from the custom-houses in the United States and abroad, througH
which the articles in question had nassed, containing particular descriptions of said goods, wares, or merchandise.
Articles imported for the use of certain associations and seminaries of
learning, mentioned in the civil and diplomatic appropriation act of 12th
August, 184S, are to be admitted to free entry only when of the description and character therein designated. Articles for the use of churches,
it has been decided, are not entitled to exemption from duty under the
provisions of this act.
Articles of taste entitled to free entry, as provided in schedule I of the
existing tariff act, are limited to paintings and statuary, imported in good
faith as objects of taste and not merchandise.
Articles imported far the use of foreign legations in the United
States.—The exemption from duly accorded, by comity, to all articles intended for the personal or family use of foreign ambassadors, ministers,
•or charges d'affaires to the United States, is not to be extended to the importations of secretaries of legation, attaches, or consuls.
Articles of ministers or charges d'affaires of the United States to foreign governments, returning home, and having belonged to them white
abroad, to be entitled to free entry, if brought with them, or when
shipped to the United States on their account.
Articles or packages lost.—It has been decided by the dejxirtment
that no allowance or abatement of duties can be made, in the estimate of
dudes, for any missing article or package entered on the invoice or bill
of lading, unless satisfactory proof be adduced that it was not shipped;
or, being shipped, that it was lost or destroyed during the voyage of im>rtation, and before the vessel arrived in a collection district of the
e
nited States. After such arrival, no allowance can be made for loss
or injury sustained in the transportation of goods from one district to
another.
If articles or packages are lost while in the custody of the United
States appraisers, the owner may be entitled to remuneration in the actual cost of the same, with return of any duties he may have paid on the
goods; but no such allowance can be made for loss or injury sustained
with regard to goods under bond in the public warehouse.
Editions, published abroad, of works of American citizens,
when imported into the United States, do not come within the exemption from duty provided by law, as personal effects, or otherwise.
Editions of foreign reviews and magazines, intended to take the place
of the reprints of the books in the United States, cannot, whatever W
the contract rate at which tfyey are furnished to the importers, be taken
by the United States appraisers, in estimating the duties, at a lower valiv
H. Doc, 3.
or steam-power ^thin
SSTr"
3gg
f h e ^
n m e ° U t ° f t h e C a n a l s a n d trade, by'he^ J d r f J S
Set I f f ? "
natural navigable waters from distric t o d t
tact-such boats or barges thus becoming liable to the regular payment
and f
tiTfln
T ^ e n r 0„l l eTd 'a bn fd i , d ec se n s e d a n^d ^w required ?o K g T s
"
^
^ e m e d by the sevlrh
l
provisions of the laws regulating the coasting trade.
FTni£?c.T hoSsheads
? f American manufacmre, exported from the
United States empty, and returned filled with molasses, to be included
among the dutiable charges-not being, when so imported, "in the
same condition'' as when exported, as required by the Pprovisions of
schedule 1 of the existing tariff act.
Chains,, for mooring vessels, of foreign manufacture, imported for the
purpose of being left in the United States as mooring-chains for a line
ot loreign steamer packets, become liable, on being landed, to the charge
at duty provided in the existing tariff act, as manufactures of iron.
Charges for transportation or freight.—.As a general rule, when goods
are transported from the place of their production or manufacture to
another port, and thence transhipped for the United States, the cost of
transportation from the first to the second port, together with the cost of
transhipment and other shipping expenses at such second shipping port,
are to be added to the value of the goods at their place of production or
manufacture, at the time of exportation from the last port of shipment to
the United States, in making up the .dutiable value of the same—as in
the shipment of wines from Malaga to Valparaiso, and thence to San
Francisco in California; or of iron or coal from Cardiff or Newport, in
Wales, to Liverpool; or from Troone or Glasgow to Londonderry, and
thence, or from Liverpool, transhipped direct for San Francisco.
$
Exceptions in the application of this rule are, however, in some
instances to be made, from the peculiar circumstances of the case ; as,
for example, where goods are shipped in good faith from any shipping
port in Europe, their destination declared to be for any port of entry of
the United States on the coast of the Pacific, to be transported across the
Isthmus of Panama. In such cases neither the freight from the port of
departure in Europe to the isthmus, nor the charge of transit over the
^me, nor the final freight or transportation from Panama to their
destined port in the United States on the Pacific, is to be added, in their
appraisement in estimating the dutiable value of the goods. The
appraisement must, however, exhibit the true market value or wholesale
price of the goods in the principal markets of the country whence
originally shipped, on the destination before mentioned, at the period of
exportation to the United States. In like manner, goods shipped at
Colan, or any other port of South America on the coast of the Pacific,
destined for a port of the United States on the Atlantic, via the Isthmus of
Panama, are exempt from the payment of duty on any of the charges of
freight or transportation.
'
•
Chicory rooty not being one of the several roots specifically mentioned
10
364
II. Doc. 3.
in the existing tariff act as liable to various rates of duty, becomes
entitled to free entry, under schedule I, as necessarily included in tfas
provision regarding " roots not otherwise provided for."
Coal measures.—The measures to be used for ascertaining the quantity
of imported coal will be tubs containing, when even-full, three heaped
bushels, equivalent to three and three-quarters struck bushels. They
will be constructed of the following dimensions, ta wit: Interior dimet*
sions.—14& inches depth; 2oj\ inches breadth of bottom; 27t% inches
breadth of'top.
In the measurement of coal, these tubs will l>e filled even-full, and
will he estimated as containing three bushels each.
Cocoa wine.—If, on examination, it appears to thft satisfaction of the
collector that the article so named is not imported to be used as a beverage,
like the wines of commerce, hut is exclusively used medicinally, it is to
be considered as entitled to duty as a medicinal preparation, at a duty of
30 per cent, ad valorem.
Commissions at the usual rates, but not less than 21 per cent., as
regulated by the law, and treasury instructions dated 25th August
last, are chargeable on the cost of the goods, with addition of the expenses
of packing, baling and boxing, tnu^portauon to the place of exportation
to the United States, and of transhipment and other shipping charges at
such port.
Concentrated molasses, or melado.—The article imported under such
designation, being brought by process of manufacture to the point of
crystalization, is to be considered an inferior sugar, and is to be so
taken in the appraisement, ascertainment and estimate of the foreign
general market value of the article.
Concentrated lemon juice.—The juice having gone through a process
of preparation for the purpose of being used in calico printing, is taken
out of the classification made in schedule G of the existing tariff act,
as " lemon juice," and becomes liable to the duty of 20 per cent,
under the third section of the act, as a non-enumerated article,
jlCopper in plates, 8} inches in length, 6 | inches iti width, and { of an
inch in thickness, not being considered a " manufacture of copper," as
provided for in schedule C, nor "copper in pigs or bars," as provided
far in schedule H, necessarily becomes liable to the duty of 20 per cent.,
as a non-enumerated article, under the provisions of the third section of
the tariff act.
Crochet needles riot considered as comprehended in the class of needles specified in schedule E of the tariff act, but liable to duty fc*
" manufactures" according to the material of which they are composed.
Crucibles of plcUina, specially imported for the use of a scientific
school, to be exempt from the payment of duty, under the p r o v i s i o n s ol
the first section of the civil and diplomatic appropriation act of 12tn
August, 1S48.
Currencies.—The list of foreign currencies, the value of which has
been fixed by the laws of the United States, has been given in the general instructions from the department dated the 25th August, l & p
I h e department having received satisfactory information of the depreciation of the currencies of Austria, Chili, Bolivia, Peru, For©
Rico, and Nova Scotia, collectors are advifed that, on invoices of merchandise made out in such depreciated currencies, with certificates oi
II. Doc. 3.
365
h ^ l h L ^ t n l ^ ^ w a,ni?eX6d> b e i n § P^ented, they may be received
by the collectors; subject, however, to the restrictions contained in circular i n s t r u c t i o n ^
dated the 19th September, 1851.
Decencies.—Under the decisions of the Supreme Court of the United
btates, allowance is to be made, in the assessment of the duties, for
deficiencies m importations of merchandise, the duty to be assessed onlv
on the value of the quantity received of sugars, molasses, liquors, oils,
arising from actual drainage, leaking or damage; but no allowance
can be made for the shrinking or drying of articles during the voyage of
importation, where the full quantity shipped of such articles as per invoice
has been landed; and no further allowance under the fifty-ninth section
of the general collection act of 2d March, 1799.
$ Discounts.—In conformity with the regulations established in general
instructions dated 25th August and 6th October, 1553, the usual discount
may be allowed, in the estimate of duties, if claimed on the invoice of
goods shipped by the manufacturer, to be sold on his account, provided
the oaths or affirmations are made by the manufacturer and consignee,
as prescribed by existing laws; and provided further, that the deduction
of such discount do not reduce the invoice below the general market
value of the goods at the time of shipment to the United States.
Discriminating duties.—It appearing from*a communication from the
chargS d'affaires of Spain, dated'23d August, 1853, as well as from the
certificate of the American consul at Teneriffe, dated 19th April, 1853,
that by a royal Spanish decree,dated 11th July, 1S52, and proclaimed in
the said island oil the 10th October, 1S52, American vessels and their
cargoes arriving in said island after the said 10th October, 1852, were
placed on the same footing with the vessels of Spain and their cargoes,
no discriminating duty is to be levied on Spanish vessels or tlieir cargoes from that island arriving in ports of the United States, provided
that on each such arrival there be filed with the collector of the port in
which the vessel arrives, a certificate of the American consul at said
island, showing that the said Spanish decree remains in full force.
Emigrants arriving in the United States to be entitled to the free entry
of their household and personal effects, together with their tools, implements and instruments of trade or profession, comprehending any apparatus or machine worked by manual power exclusively.
.Engravings or plates, bound or unbound, are entitled to entry at a
duty of ten per cent., as provided in schedule G ; but when in frames,
the frame is liable to a further duty as a manufactured article, according
to the materials composing it.
Error in the assessment of duties.—Where the correction of such
errors is claimed without proof of protest, as required in all other claims
for return of excess of duty paid, such claim cannot be entertained and
considered by the department unless it appear by the certified statement
of the collector that it has been presented to the collector within one
year from the time of payment of the duties alleged to have been exacted in error.
...
,
Excess in weight, over the invoice quantity, when arising from the
damaged condition of the article, as in the case of indigo partially satu-
366
II. Doc. 3.
rated with sea-water, is not considered liable to duty, the assessment, in
such cases, being properly limited to the invoice quantity.
Fabrics composed of silk and metal, of silk, cotton, and metal, aro
entitled to entry at a duty of twenty-five per cent, ad valorem, f s pro*
vided in schedule D of the tariff act on manufactures composed m part
of silk ; unless the metal be the component material of chief value, in
which case the fabric would be liable to the duty of thirty per cent, ad
valorem, under special provision in regard to that component material in
fchedule C. If the fabric be composed of silk, paper, and metal,
although metal be not the component material of chief value, the fabric
would-be still liable to the duty of thirty per cent.; any manufacture
composed in part of paper being subject to that rate of duty, by the provisions of schedule C of the existing tariff act.
Fees for weighing, gauging, or measuring imports, under the provision in the 4th section of the tariff act of 1846, it has been decided by
courts of the United States, can be legally exacted of the importer only
in cases where the invoice or entry shall not contain the weight or quantity or measure of the merchandise weighed, gauged, or measured.
This decision of the courts is acquiesced in by this department; but
whenever the weighing, gauging, or measuring shall disclose a difference between the actual weight or quantity and that specified in the invoice or entry, affording a well grounded presumption of fraud, the collector will advise with the United Slates district attorney on the case,
and will be governed by his opinion as to the propriety of instituting
legal proceedings for enforcing the penalty provided by law.
Figures, of porcelain or other material, of an obscene or indecent
character, are liable to seizure and to be libelled under the provisions of
2Sth section of the tariff act of 30th August, 1842.
Fish, caught in the lakes near the Canada shore or islands, by American fishermen, and brought into ports of the United States fresh or put
up in American barrels, with American fait, arc exempt frmn duty under
the provisions of schedule I of the existing tariff act: Provided, They
are so brought into the United States iu an American vessel, duly
licensed for the fisheries; otherwise they become liable to a duty of
twenty per cent, ad valorem, as provided in schedule E of the said act.
Glass.—Xo decision of this department has recognised as t ( window
glass," entitled to entry at a duty of twenty per cent, ad valorem, any
other than the " broad, crown, or cylinder glass," specified in schedule
E . Glass ground on one side must be taken as a " manufacture of
glass," provided for in schedule C ; and if " colored or stained," it is
found in the same schedule, charged with a duty of thirty per cent, au
valorem.
Glass jars,
specially imported for a school or college, are exempt
from the payment of duty under the provision of the act of 12th August,
1
184S.
Grain, brought from Canada into the United S t a t e s , there ground into
flour, aiid thence exported back to Canada, is not entitled thereby to a
drawback of the duties paid on importation, the article not being in tn®
same condition as when imported into the United States.
Horses, purchased by officers of the army of the United States, or
others, on their own account, and not as authorized agents of the government, and brought into the United States from the adjacent foreign pos
II. Doc. 3.
367
sessions, ,are not exempted from the payment of duty by any provision
of law.
Indians. Under the provisions of the 105th section of the general
f l e c t i o n act of 2d March, 1799, jutoto may be brought into t e v S
btates by Indians, from the adjacent foreign possessions ; and also the
goods and effects bona fide their property: Provided the said goods and
efiects are moderate m quantity and value, and usual among Indians,
i n e oiiisers of the customs have been enjoined, in general instructions
dated 22d September, 1853, to exercise vigilance in preventing or
detecting the illegal introduction of foreign dutiable meichandise into
toe United States, by means of the agency of Indians; and it has been
decided bv this department that such articles as shingle and stave bolts,
cord-wood, salted fish in barrels, cattle, horses, and agricultural products, when brought into the United States by Indians from the neighboring foreign possessions, in quantities, for sale or on contract, as merchandise, are not entitled to entry free of duty, under the law.
Indian corn, or maize.—This article is not admissible, without the
payment of duty, as seeds for agricultural purposes, being specified in
schedule E. of the tariff act as charged with a duty of twenty per cent,
ad valorem.
India rubber, when in a liquid state, to be admitted as umnanufao*
tared, at a duty of ten per cent., as provided in schedule G of the existing tariff act.
Invokes.—Shipments of merchandise by several vessels cannot be
embraced in a single invoice, and be covered by a single consular certificate. The merchandise shipped by each vessel must be embraced in
a single invoice, duly verified, if on foreign account, by oath of the
owner, and authenticated by consular certificate.
^
Foreign merchandise, destined for a port of the United States by way
of the river St. Lawrence, is not unfrequently transhipped from the importing vessel to one or more vessels of light draught, and on arrival at
the port of destination is found to be unaccompanied by the documents
entitling it to entry.
Where all the articles embraced in the invoice sgre transhipped on the
St. Lawrence to a single vessel, the proper invoice must be presented
on entry, together with a copy of the clearance from the foreign port of
exportation of the vessel from which the transhipment took place, certified to be a true copy by the collector or other chief revenue officer of
the Canadian port at which the vessel was entered. When the articles
embraced in a single invoice are transhipped on the St. Lawrence to
several vessels, they will be admitted to entry pn the production of the
proper invoice, and a statement under oath of the person or agent superintending the transhipment, describing the. articles by numbers, marks,
transhipped to each vessel, and stating in what invoice they are
embraced, together with the certified copy of the clearance of the importing vessel, as above required.
.
Invoke and manifest.—The attention of collectors of the .customs m
districts adjacent to foreign territory is called to those provisions^ gen
fcral instructions No. 7, which relate to the manifest prescribed in the
of March 2,1821, entided « An act further to regulate the entry of
merchandise imported into the United States from any adjacent territory,
368
II. Doc. 3.
and the invoice required by the act of March 1, 1S23, supplementary to
and amendatory of the general collection law of 2d March, 1799.
Whenever the importer presents an invoicc or manifest of the description referred to in general instructions No. 7, duly supported by oath,
he may lie permitted as well to enter for warehousing as consumption;
and the warehouse regulations heretofore prescribed by the department
are modified to that extent. And if the goods are withdrawn for transportation under bond to another district, the triplicate copy of the entry,
with the duty estimated thereon, required by the regulations to be forwarded to the collector of the district to which the goods are destined,
will be accompanied by a certified copy of the mroicc or manifest, (as
the one or the other has been presented on the original warehouse entry,)
with the appraisers' report thereon.
Iron ore, imported into the United States from the adjacent British
possessions, or elsewhere, to be charged, as provided in schedule C oi
the existing tariff act, with a duty of thirty per cent? ad valorem.
Linseed oiL—It being represented to the department that diversity ot
practice prevails at some of the ports, in the mode of ascertaining the
quantity imported of this article, collectors are instructed that, as well
in order to the assessment of duties, as for statistical purposes, such
quantity must uniformly be ascertained by gauge.
Logs of pine and other wood, sent from the adjacent foreign possessions, to be sawed into lumber in the United States, and thence exported
back to said possessions, to be liable to the charge of duty on importation, which cannot be returned as drawback on exportation, the article
not being in the same condition as when imported.
Machines, for making paper, or other uses of manufacture, cannot be
admitted to free ghtry under the law, as models of machinery, if, as imported, they can be " fitted for u<e."
Marble blocks, imported for the cemetery of a benevolent society, or
for any other purpose than the use of the United States, cannot be admitted without the payment of the duty provided by law.
Medallion casts, in piaster, from antique gems, are not considered entitled to free entry, either as " objects of taste" or as " medals or other
antiquities," and become liable, on importation, to the duty of twenty
per cent, ad valorem as non-enumerated articles.
Old type, brought from the adjacent B r i t i s h possessions, and represented as originally of American manufacture, and as being imported
for the purpose of being re-cast and returned to the said possessions,
are chargeable with duty on their importation, as specifically provided in
schedule E of the existing tariff act; and no drawback of duties can be
allowed on their exportation as new type, the condition of the article
being essentially changed.
,
Paper clippings and shamngs, intended for the purpose of being ground
into a pulp for making paper. This article is not specified in the law;
but bearing a similitude, particularly in the use to which it may be applied, to " rags of whatever material," provided for in schedule H of the
tariff act oflbiG, becomes, under the operation of the 2d section of the
act of 30th August, 1842, entitled to entry at a duty of five per cent, aa
valorem.
PicuL—On importations of hemp from Manilla, the picul to he
taken at 135 pounds.
H. Doc. 3.
369
^ Platina.—It being satisfactorily ascertained that this article is novpr
imported into the United States in an absolutely
decided by the department that the exemption from Any
£
schedule I ofthe tariff act of 1846, of platina unmanufactureTexLnd?
to and comprehends platina imported either in ingots o r i n & f c r m S
sheets used in the manufacture of retorts and other vessels or in the
form of wire used by dentists in the manufacture of pivots for artificial
teeth, or generally to the substance platina, in any shape or form not
constituting an article suitable for use without further manufacture
1 rotnsts —In order ro the allowance of a return of excess of duties
claimed under the provisions oi existing laws, and decisions of courts of
tne United States, authorizing the return of duties paid, the certified
statements transmitted by the collectors of the customs must show that
the protest prescribed by such laws or decisions of courts, and required
by this department, was duly made at or before the time ofthe payment
of the duties, in each several importation mentioned in the said statement; it being decided by this department, in conformity with the judicial decisions, that a general protest, made on any one importation, cannot be taken as extending and applying to future importations of similar
character.
Samples of goods.—The class of articles under this title, considered
by this department as admissible free of duty, must'be only such as
strips or pieces of silk, cotton, or other fabric; small quantities of raw
material, and generally articles of any description having litdeor no intrinsic value as merchandise; in regard to which the proper officers of
the customs, in their examinations, are to exercise a reasonable discretion; it being understood that articles of a certain value, although imported under the designation of samples, such as pieces of carpeting, which,
from their size and form, are suitable for and sold as rugs or btd-sides,
cannot be exempted from the payment of duty.
Shoe, slipper, boot, bootee, or button stuffs, of mohair cloth, silk twist,
or any other fabric of cloth suitable for the manufacture of those articles
exclusively, are entitled, under the provision in schedule H ofthe existing tariff act, to entry at a duty of five per cent, ad valorem. To be so
admitted, however, the importation must be in strips or pieces, or so
punctured or worked, or stamped in figures colored or otherwise, as to
render them unsuitable for other purposes than the manufacture of the
articles enumerated in the law. Plain cloths, although cut or punctured
at the edges, but leaving uninjured material sufficient and suitable for
other uses, cannot be so admitted; and manufactures of leather and silk,
imported in the shape of uppers of shoes or slippers, do not come within
the provision of law referred to, but are liable to the duty of thirty per
cent., under the provisions of schedule C of the existing tariff act.
Spars, or other articles of wood, floated across a river or lake from an
adjacent foreign possession into the United States, become liable to the
appropriate rate of duty, according to their distinctive character, as provided by law, and specially referred to in general instructions jNo. 11,
dated 22d September, 1853.
.
Statuary, when imported as objects of taste, is entitled to free entry.
T h e term statuary, as used in the law, is understood to be confined m
its application to « figures representing living or deceased creatures, of
Whatever species, real or imaginary, in full relievo, insulated on every
24
870
H. Doc* 3.
part," and which may be formed of marble, plaster, bronze* or other
material appropriate to the composition of an "object of taste.1' Sculp.
tyres of figures, in mezzo relievo, cannot therefore, consistently with the
construction of the law given by this department, be admitted to free
entry.
Stones for building, to be liable, under the provisions of schedule G
of the existing tariff act, to a duty often per cent, ad valorem.
Swedish " German steel."—This article, being known to the trade as
"German steel," although coming from countries other than Germany,
on the principle established by courts of the United States, is to be admitted to entry as " German steel," at a duty of fifteen per cent, ad valorem, as provided in schedule P of the tariff act.
Venitfan red, chargeable as an ochre with the duty of thirty per cent,
ad valorem, as provided in schedule C of the tariff act.
Warehousing and re warehousing.—As duties payable on merchandise tiansported in bond and re-warehoused under the warehousing law
and regulations, are collected according to the ascertainment and estimate made at the port of original entry and warehousing, collectors and
other officers of the customs are instructed to cause the utmost care to be
used in all the acts necessary in determining the cxact quantity, quality,
and dutiable value, such as weighing, gauging, measuring and appraising, in order to ascertain the precise amount of duties chargeable on the
merchandise imported.
Witnesses.—Where the United States district attorney requires the
attendance of witnesses on behalf of the collector of the customs in revenue cases, the latter will advance the necessary fees, in order that
" per and legal service may be made.
JAMES GUTHEIE,
Sccrctary of the Treasury.
II. Doc. 3.
B
371
a
StatemaU exhibiting the quantity and value of wines, spirits^ imported
annually, from 1 S 4 3
lS/>3, inclmve; and ako'skowing ke forei^n
•
cost per gallon under specific and ad valorem duties.
No. 1.—JIADEIRA WINE.
Period of importation*
Gallons.
9 months ending June 30, 1843
Year ending June 3 J . . . . 1 £ 4 4 . . — .
Do
1615
Do
1846— —
5 months ending Nov. 30, 1846
7 months ending June 30,1847
.
Year ending June 3 0 . . . . 1848
Do
...1819..—.
Do
1850
Do
1851. . . . .
Do
1852.—.
Do
1853
3,949
16,754
101,176
169,797
117,117
13,806
44,631
193,971
303,125
163,941
216,633
226,403
Value.
$9,075
30,575
145,237
122,895
128,613
5,717
21,630
105,302
150,096
116,008
103,917
105,628
Average cost
per gallon.
$2 29.8 Specific.
1 82.5
1 43.5
•111.91 C9.8
41.4 Ad valorem.
48.4
54.3
49 51
70.76
47.95
46.65.
No. 2.—SHERRY WINE.
9 months ending Juno 30, 1843.—
Yoar ending June 3 0 . . . . 1 8 4 4 —
Do
..w — 1 8 * 3 —
Da
f> months ending Nor.30, 1 8 4 6 —
7 months ending .June 30,1847--..
learvnding June 3 0 . . . . 1 8 4 8 —
D o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1849....
Do.
1850—
Do
1851 —
Do
1852—
Do
....1853....
4,685
18,665
23,616
26,538
14,543
77,521
215,935
170,794
212,092
250,277
168,610
313,048
6,491
23,418
38,289
41,761
26,194
56,061
109,9d3
123,510
118,952
154,668
97,680
155,819
No. 3.—SICILY WINE.
J months ending Jun o 30,1843.. —
mr ending Junc 30.... 1844......
Do...
Do..........
1845—..
1846.-...-
5 months ending Nov. 30,1846—..
7 months ending Juno 30,1847.—
Year ending June 30—1848.—
Do....
.—.1849.—
Do
Do
Do.....
Do..... 4
..1850.—.
1851.—.
— 1852..—
..1853.—
14,579
31,180
110,590
209,131
21,281
92,631
190,294
130,851
91,123
301,010
91,746
190,205
6,617
15,000
46,033
74,000
8,933
24.230
67,364
32.231
124,933
98,975
22,563
45,794
Duty.
1 38.5
1 25.4
1 62.1
1 57.
1 59.5
72.3
50.9
75.2
56.08
59.65
57.93
49.77
372
H. Doc. 3
B C—Continued.
No. 4.—PORT WINE IN CASKS.
Gallons.
Period of importation.
9 months ending Jtzno30,1843...—
Year coding June 30*—1841......
Do
1845
5 month* ending NOT. 30, 1846
7 months ending Juno 30,1847
Year ending Juno 3 0 . . . . 1 8 4 8 . . . . . .
Do
1949
Do
1S50——
Do
1851
•Do
. . . — 1852.
Do..—.—.....1833
39,593
223,615
260,593
37*2,528
£0,991
8,U75
501,123
711,2^8
626,211
762,967
614,816
662,791
Take.
125,714
156,878
162,359
148,895
G-2,851
3,791
170,134
272,700
3?*5,454
319,849
240,233
268,005
Average cost
per gallon.
Doty.
fO 66.6
70.2
62.3
40.
77.6
47.
34.
3-?. 3
48.77
45.85
39.07
44.13
Specific.
Ad valorem.
No. 5.—CLARET IN CASKS.
9 months ending Jnne 30, 1843
Year ending June 3U.... 1844
Do
1845
Do
1846
5 months ending Nor. 30, 1846
7 months ending June 30, 1847
Do
1843
Do
1849
Do
1850
Do
,1851....„
Do
1852
Do
1853
873,895
993, li«
1,051,862
951,351
204,433
591,656
1,227,071
1,912,701
1,919,766
1,940,121
2,702,612
2,633,803
131,598
218,239
2-19,633
249,703
111,453
119,814
221,416
263,836
267,445
2-50,333
405,330
482,827
Specific.
15.4
21.97
23.73
26.24
37.85
20.26 Ad valorem.
18.04
13.79
13,93
14.45
15.
1&33
No. G.—OTIIER RED WINES.
9 months ending Jtme 30,1843
Year ending Jnno 30
1844
Do
1845
Do
1846
5 months ending NOT. 30,18467 months ending June 30,1847,
Year ending June 30..*. 1849,
Do
1849,
Do
........1650,
Do......
.1851.
Do1852,
Do
1853,
340,397
495,588
054,646
1,0^,589
639,454
781,073
994,458
1,469,256
1,245,201
1,172,316
1,374,416
60,006
143,210
316,821
328,814
119,411
180,928
£21,177
265,988
236,727
229,350
377,482
17.65 Specific
28.9
33.19
30.65
22.14 Ad valorem.
23.16
22.24
iai
19.01
19.56
27.46
H.
Doc. 3.
373
B C—Continued.
No. 7.—OTHER WHITE WINES.
Period of importation.
Gallon*.
9 months ending June 30,1843
Year ending Juno 3 0 . . . . 1844
Do
1845
Do
1846
5 months ending Nor. 30,1846
7 months ending June 30,1847
Year ending Juno 30
1848
Do
1849.
Do
1850......
Do
1851
Do
1852......
Do
1853
Value.
123,832
268,414
591.735
705,808
618,267
278,482
840,687
971,895 v
1,083,801
1,035,374
935,379
1,275,290
$28,205
75,090
211,183
310,241
296,736
69,831
193,358
210,139
215,353
209,847
195,870
305,287
Average cost
per gallon.
Duty.
$0 22.77 Specifio.
27.98
35.69
43.96
48.
25.08 Ad valorem.
23.
21.62
19.79
19.33
20.94
23.94
No. 8.—BRANDT.
9 months ending June 30,,1843
Year ending June 30...,.1844
Do
>1845
D o . . . . . . . . . . ...i.1846
5 months ending Nov. 30, 1816
7 months ending June 30, 1847
.1848....*.
Year ending June 30
Do
,1849......
Do
,1850......
1)0
1851
Do
1852......
Do
1653......
191,832
782,510
1,081,314
963,147
331,108
623,309
1,370,111
2,964,091
4,145,802
3,163,783
2,751,810
3,654,956
106,267
606,633
819,540
839,231
355,451
575,631
1,135,089
1,347,514
2,659,537
2,128,679
1,792,729
3,251,408
Specific.
55.4
77.52
75.79
87.13
107.3
92.35 Ad valorem.
82.84
65.28
64.14
67.28
,65.14
84.34
No. 9.—GRAIN SPIRITS.
9 months ending Jane 30,1843-—.*
Year ending June 30
1844
Bo
1845
Do..
1846
5
months ending Nor. 30,1546,.—.
7 months ending June 30,1847......
Year ending June 2 0 . . . . 1848......
Do
........1849....Do
1850
Do....
1851......
Do....
1852
Do
........1653......
259,129
416,918
606,3)1
677,785
136,323
327,635
676,683
796,276
751,183
984,417
865,301
1. 060,456
121,547
171,015
262,543
345,352
86,073
143,549
327,493
327,957
361,078
364,204
294,386
424,633
Specific.
Ad valorem.
II. Doc. 3.
874
B C—Continued.
No. 10.—OTHER SPIRITS.
Period of importation.
0 month* coding June 30,1S43
Year ending June 3 0 . . . . 1844
Do
1845
Do
1JN6
5 months ending Nor. 30,18-16
7 months ending June 30, 1847
Year ending June 3 0 . . . . 1843
Do
1849
Bo
1850
Do
1851
33o
1652......
Do
1S53
Gallons.
135.359
210,477
270,4*1
221,314
65,477
160,747
223,671
642,492
339JS9
309,214
359,677
336,477
Value.
$32,095
7£,027
7d,iC>7
*U,7I3
862
r»7t80G
75,913
145,7£4
113,779
100, K*0
100,501
Average cost
per gallon.
Duty.
Specific.
| 0 23.7
37.07
29.12
36.92
44.08
35.96 Ad valorem.
33.21
2(1. h7
33.67
32.61
27.51
31.35
No. 11.—BEER, ALE, AND PORTER, FROM ENGLAND.
9 months ending Jane 39,1543......
Year ending June 3 0 . . . . 1314
Do
1845
Do
-.18-16
5 months ending Not. 30,1816......
7 months ending June 30,1347
Year ending June
Do
mo
Do.......
1850
Do..
....1851
Do
..1852
Do
,lf£>3......
62,612
107,419
79, 3i>2
117,021
46.146
132* 157
130,1)09
146,473
156,735
275,336
262,833
397,420
57, ( m
m, 157
73,729
110,397
42,9i7
67,305
101,171
11M,233
129,957
l£>,oio
1*0,961
284,347
89.76 Specific.
95.04
92.97
91.71
93.15
60,93 Ad ralorem.
77.82
BO. 72
62.92
6*. 64
71.13
•
71.65
No. 12—BEER, ALE, AND PORTER, FROM SCOTLAND.
9 months ending June 30,1843
Tear ending June 30
1844
Do
.
1S45
Do.*. *
•**tl616*.. a .
5 months ending Nov. 30f 1846
7 months ending June 30,1847.....
Year coding June 3 0 . . . . 1843.....
Do........
1849
Do
1850
Do
1&51
Do
....
1852.....
Do
Ib53
7,423
19,236
26,711
3^, 464
6,335
18,343
21,294
39,831
15,375
39r283
$2,297
52,656
6(5,179
110,752
131,357
8,657
21,533
30,083
41,790
66,736
67,804
77|414
2,151
i ,eo;>
TFTXASTNTR DEPARTMWIT, RtgUur** Qfia, thumbtr$t 1853.
85.34
95.30
79.72
03.65
88.1
56.31
64.05
67.53
79.07
64.34
01. SB
63.93
F. BIGGER, frgist*.
H. Doc. 3.
375
BD.
Statement exhibiting the aggregate value of breadstuff's and provisions exported annually from 1821/01853.
Years ending—
September 30.
.1821.
182-2.
1823.,
1824.,
1825.,
1826.,
1827.,
1828..
1829..
1830..
1831..
1832..
1833..
1834..
1835..
1836..
1837..
1838..
1839..
1840..
1841..
1842,.
Kino months ending June 30, 1843..
Year ending Juno 30.
. . 1814..
1845..
1846..
1847..
1848..
1849..
1850.1851..
1852..
1853..
Total.
F . BIGGEE, Register.
TRXAICRT DIFIRTXKWT, Register's Office, December 6,1853.
376
H. Doc. 3.
BE.
Statement exhibiting the quantity and value of tobacco and rice exported
annually from 1821 to 1853, inclusive.
ftlClt.
TOBACCO.
Years.
Hogibcadf.
1821
1822.*
1823
1824
1825
1826
..
1827
1828...
1820
1830
183 1
1832
1833
183 4
1835
1836
1837
1833...
1830
1840........
1841........
1842
1843..
1644
1845.
1846
1847........
184 8
184 9
1850
1851....
185 2
1853
Total...
66,858
83,109
99,009
77,833
75,984
64,096
100,025
96,278
77,131
83,810
86,718
106,806
83,153
87,979
94,353
109,042
100,232
100,593
78,995
119,494
147,628
158,710
94,454
163,042
147,168
147,993
Value.
f5,W8,962
6,222,£fci
6,2?S2,672
4,855,566
6,115,623
5,347,2**8
6,577,123
5,269,960
4,9*2,974
5,
365
135,762
130,665
101,521
145,729
95,945
137,097
159,653
5,999,769
5,755,96a
6,595,305
8,250,577
10,058,640
5,79 >,647
7,392,029
9,832,943
9,883,957
12,576,703
9,540,755
4,650,979
8,397,255
7,469,819
8,478,270
7,242,066
7,551,122
5,804,207
9,951,023
9,219,251
10,031,283
11,319,319
3,557,372
243,578,586
Average
co*t per
hbd.
49
74
63
62
80
83
65
54
64
66
56
56
69
74
87
92
57
73
124
82
65
60
49
51
50
57
53
57
57
63
96
73
70
TIcrcc*.
Value.
6^,221
87,1*9
101,365
11,494,307
1,553,482
l,820,9rt5
97,015
111,063
133,518
175,019
132,923
130,697
116,517
120,327
144,163
$16 94
17 84
17 96
16 63
19 84
17 26
17 55
14 97
18 93
15 20
17 30
17 69
19 04
17 41
19 94
11 97
21 76
24 23
26 36
19 10
19 73
16 64
15 23
16 20
18 21
20 63
24 97
23 23
19 94
20 71
20 56
20 63
24 43
18 63
45
31
4a
42
75
73
60
66
41
17
20
96
44
24
82
4S
47
72
07
11
24
50
75
28
CM
7d
17
28
09
17
81
212,9^3
106,0*4
71,049
93,320
101,660
101,617
114,6)7
106,766
134,715
1)8,021
124,007
144,427
100,403
126,861
127,069
195,590
119,733
67,707
1,925,245
1,917,445
2,313,903
2,620,696
2,514,370
1,986, t?24
2,016,267
2,152,631
2,744,418
2,122,272
2 210,331
2,548,750
2.309,279
17721,8)9
2,460,198
1,942,076
2,010, 107
1,907,3*7
1,625,726
2,182,468
2,160,456
2,564,99)
3,605,896
2,331,824
2,569,362
2,631,557
% 170,927
2,470,029
1,657,653
63 47
3,663,111
72,176,673
121
F-BIGGEB,
T i t x i s r a r DtrARTntirr, TUguUr't 0$tt,
Aretige
cost per
ticrce.
Dtrtmbtr 6 , 1 8 5 a
togi**-
H. -Doc. 3.'
BF.
377'
Statement showing the value of goods remaining in warehouses at the close
i n t i S T "
30> 1847, to June 30, m J X t hibitcd by the quarterly returns of the collectors of the custom, under 2
^zn^:acto/AttsmtG' ^ -
***
Goods remaining in vraraPeriods endiDg—
September 30,1847.
December 31, 1847.
March
31, 1848.
June...... ,30, 1848.
September 30,1&48.
December 31,1848.
March
31,1849.
Juno
September
December
March
June
September
December
M^ch
Juno
September
December
March
30, 1849.
30,1849.
31,1849.
31,1850.
30,1850.,
30,1850.
31, iar>0.
31,1851..
30, 1851.,
30, 1851..
31,1851..
31,1852.,
June.
30,1852.,
September 30,1852.,
December 31, 1852.,
March
31,1853..
Jttno
30, 1853..
Total
Arcrago quarterljr yaJno.
Value.
Duties.
$3,618,758 00
4,863,591 00
5,291,179 00
6,272,275 00
5,419,676 (10
7,201,246 00
5,450,593 00
7,830,010 00
6,021,627 00
6,163,151 00
5,600,318 00
8.247.055 00
8,162,721 00
7,307,623 00
7,127,751 00
10,047,061 00
12,049,892 00
11,807,493 00
9,819,475 00
8.723.056 00
7,634,993 00
7,236,800 00
6,830,065 00
11,472,441 00
$1,264,624 55
1,524,887 16
1,669,067 39
1,936,464 00
1,649,182 85
2,152,544 50
1,702,639 37
2,501,394 35
1,927,754 .72
1,997,536 75
2,009,165 33
3,077,129 80
2,930,035 49
2,334,419 50
2,293,090 13
3,172,328 08
3,748,594 48
3,575,930 61
3,169,553 74
2,866,564 75
2,626,231 78
2,482,760 55
2,517,676 85
4,395,892 83
180,198, 850 00 59,575,469 56
7,508,285 41 2,482,311 23
F. BIGGER, Registtr.
TRIASDRI DCTAKTXEKT, Register's Office, December 6> 1851
878
II. Doc. 3.
BG.
Statement exhibiting the quantity and value of cotton exported annually
from 1521 to 1S53 inclusive, and the average price per pound•
COTTO*.
Valoo.
Years.
Sea Island.
Other.
TotaL
Dollars.
Found*.
It
H
< *
1821..
18^2..
1023..
1824..
1825.,
1826..
1827..
1823..
1829..
1830..
1831..
1832..
1633..
1831..
1835..
1836..
1837..
1833..
1839..
1840..
1841..
1842..
1S43..
1844..
1845..
1846..
1847..
1848..
1849..
1850..
1851..
1852..
1853..
11,344,066
11,250,635
12,136,688
9,525,722
0,665,278
5,972,852
15,140,798
11,223,419
12,833,307
8,147,165
8,311,762
8,743,373
11,142,987
8,085,937
7,752,736
7,849,597
5,280,971
7,286,310
0,107,404
8,779,669
6,237,424
7,2o4,099
7,515,079
6,099,076
9,339,625
9,388,533
6,293,973
7,724,143
11,969,259
8,236,463
8,299,656
11,733,075
11,165,165
113,549,339
133,424,460
161,536,532
132,843,911
166,784,029
198,562,563
279,169,317
199,302,011
252,003,879
290,311,937
268,668,022
313,471,749
313,555,617
376,631,970
379,606,256
415,781,710
433,924,566
588,665,957
408,516,808
735,161,392
523,966,676
577,462,918
784,782,027
657,534,379
863,516,371
538,169,522
520,925,985
806,550,233
1,014,633,010
627,145,141
918,937,433
1,081,492,564
1,100,405,205
124,893,405
144,675,095
173,723,270
142,369,663
176,449,907
204,535,415
294,310,115
210,590,463
261,837,186
298,459,102
276,979,784
322,215,122
324,693,604
334,717,907
337,358,992
423,631,3117
444,211,537
595,952,297
413,624,212
743,941,061
530,204,100
584,717,017
702,297,106
663,633,455
872,905,996
647,558,055
527,219,958
814,274,431
1,026,602,269
635,331,60*
927,237,(^5)
1,093,230,639
1,111,570,370
20,157,484
24,035,058
20,445,520
21.947.401
36,816,619
25,025,214
29,359,545
22,487,229
26,575,311
29,674,883
25,269,492
31,724,682
36,191,105
49.448.402
61,961,302
71,284,925
63,210,102
61,556,811
61,233,982
63,870,307
&4,330,341
47,593,464
49,110,606
64,063,501
61,739,643
42,767,341
53,415,843
61,993,294
66,396,967
71,934,616
112,315,317
87,905,732
109,456,404
Total.
296,962,281
16,182,044,252
16,479,006,533
1# £13,507,678
Cent*,
10.9
16- 0
US
15.4
20.9
12.2
IA
10.7
10.
9.9
9.1
9.8
1M
12.8
16.8
ma
14.2
10* 3
14.8
8.5
10.2
s
AI
6.2
AI
7.81
10.34
7.61
6.4
11.3
12. U
8.05
9.85
10.
F . BIGGER, Rtgitter
T J U U J C R T VL9AATM£*T»
Register's Ojjkt, Dtcanbcr
6,1853.
BH.
th
,ilaJVe
and
the same periods, rrspcctivzly.
1849, 1S60, 1 8 5 1 , 1 8 5 2 ,
1853,
imported during the years ending on the 30 th of June, 1844, 1846, 1846, 1848,
(after deducting the re-exportations,) and the amount of duty which accrued on each durins
a
1844.
1845.
Articles.
Value.
Woollens
Cottons..............................
Hempen goods.....
Iron, and manufactures of.
Sugar........
Hemp, unmanufactured..
Salt
Coal............
.............
Total.......
,„.
Duties.
Value.
$9,408,279 $3,313,495 $10 504,423
13,236,830 4,850,731 13,360,729
865,427
213,862
801,661
2,395,760 1,607,113 4,075,142
6,897,245 4,597,093 4,049,708
261,913
101,338
140,372
892,112
654,881
883,359
203,681
133,845
187,962
34,161,247 15,472,358 31,003,356
1846.
Duties.
Value.
1848.
Duties.
Valuo.
Duties.
$3,731,014 $9,935,925 $3,480,797 $15,061,102 $4,196,007 W
4,908,272 12,857,422 4,865,483 17,205,417
4,166,573 ~
198,642
696,888
138,394
606,900
121,380
2,415,003 3,660,581 1,629,581 7,060,470
2,118,141 t?
2,555,075 4,397,239 2,713,866 8,775,223 2,632,567 O
55,122
180,221
62,282
180,335
54,100 P
678,069
509,244 1,027,656
748,566
205,531
254,149
130,221
336,691
426,997
128,099 CO
14,671,418 32,813,533 13,653,796 50, 344,100 13,622,498
SO
B H—Continued.
1850.
1849.
§0
O
165.1.
1852.
1651.
Article*.
Value.
Woollens
$13,503,202
C o t t o n s . . . . . . . . . . . 15,183,759
400,335
Hempen goo<l«
Iron, uiil tuamifae*
9,202,567
turn of
7,275,780
8uf|if.«**..
Uruip, HQ utmufat478,232
tared...........
8 s l t . . . . . . . . . . .*•* 1,424,629
382,254
Cotl . . . . . . . . . . . . . a
Total.... ••••• 47,970,658
Duties,
Value.
$3,723,768 $16,900,916
3,769,565 19,6*1,612
490,077
92,067
Duties.
$ 1,682,457 $19,239,930
4,896,278 21,4*6.502
98,015
615,239
Dutioi.
V-lw.
$5,331,600 $17,348,184
5,348,695 18,716,741
343,777
123,043
Dutte».
Vnlutv
$4,769,08:1 $•>7,430, tin J
4,895,327 26,6411,830
68,755
479,171
Dutlci.
$7,574,530
6,653,337
2,778,770
2,182, 734
10,864,630
6,950,716
3,259,404
2,085,215
10,780,312
13,478,709
3,234,091
4,043,613
18, $43,569
13,977,393
5,032,484
4,193,218
27.015,361
14,987,776
8,104,609
4,496,333
143,470
284,906
114,676
574,783
1,227,518
36L85&
172,433
245,504
108,557
212,811
1,025,300
478, tm
63.R13
205,060
143,421)
164,211
1, ItW, 101
405,652
49,263
220,420
121,695
329,122
1,059,432
490,010
99,737
211,886
147,003
13,089,956
67,053,157
15,547,865
07,316,89d
IS, 493,383 70,901,628
19,950,245
38,462,609
27,337,260
Tuumvmx DKrAKTSttxT, Rtgister** OJUt, D<c$m&€T G, 1853.
Value.
F. BIGGER, fyffkttr
H.
Doc. 3.
-381
BI.
Statemmt exhibiting the value offoreign merchandise imported, re-exported,
and consumed, annually, from 1821 to 1853 inclusive; and also the estimated population and rate of consumption, per capita, during the same
Value of foreign merchandise.
Year ending—
Population.
Imported.
September 30.... 1821. $02,585,724
1822.
83,241,541
1823.
77,579,267
1824.
60,549,007
1825.
96,340,075
1826.,
84,974,477
1827.. 79,484,068
1828.. 88,509,824
1829.. 74,492,527
70,876,920
1830.
1831. 103,191,124
1832. 101,029,266
1833. 108,118,311
1834.. 126,521,332
1835.. 149,895,742
1836.. 189,980,035
1837.. 140,989,217
1838.. 113,717,404
1839. 162,092,132
1840.. 107,141,519
1841.. 127,946,177
1842.. 100,162,087
Nine months to Juno 30,
1843
Year to June 30, 1844..
1845.
1846..
1847..
1848.
1849..
1850..
1851..
1852..
1853.
Total.
64,753,799
108,435,035
117,254,564
121,691,797
146,545,638
154,998,928
147,857,439
178,138,318
216,224,932
212,613,282
267,978,647
Re-exported. Consumed and
on hand.
$21,302,488
22,286,202
27.543.622
25,337,157
32,590,643
24,539,612
23,403,136
21,595,017
16.658.478
14.337.479
20,033,526
24,039,473
19,822,735
23,312,811
20,504,495
21,746,360
21,854,962
12,452,795
17,494,525
18,190,312
'15,469,081
11,721,538
$41,283,236
60,955,339
50,035,645
55,211,850
63,749,432
60,434,865
56,080,932
66,914,807
57,834,049
56,489,441
83,157,598
76,989,793
88,295,576
103,208,521
129,391,247
168,233,675
119,134,2f-5
101,264,609
144,597,607
88,951,207
112,477,096
88,440,549
13,286,364
13,706,707
14,127,050
14,547,393
14,967,736
15,388,079
15,808,422
16,22B, 765
16,649,108
17,069,453
17,612,507
18,155,561
6,552,697 58,201,102
11,484,867 96,950,168
15,346,830 101,907,734
11.346.623 110,345,174
8,011,158 138,534,480
21,128,010 133,870,918
13,088,865 134,768,574
14,951,808 163,186,510
21,698,293 194,526,639
17,289,382 195,323,900
17,034,553 250,944,094
18,698,615
19,241,670
19,784,725
20,327,780
20,870,835
21,413,890
21,956,945
23,246,301
24,250,000
24,500,000
25,000,000
9,960,974
10,283,757
10,606,540
10,929,323
11,252,106
11,574,889
11,897,672
12,220,455
12,543,238
12,866,020
4,065,910,155 614,219,533 3,451,690,622
P . BIGGER, Register.
TRXXSCRT DTRARTMJIT, Register's OJUe, December 6,1853.
H. Doc* 3.
382
BK.
Statement exhibiting the value of dutiable merchandise re-exported annually,
from IS21 to 1653, inclusive; and showing also the value reexported
from tcarchouscs under the act of August 6f 1S1G.
Dmiablo TMIIO Value re-e*
^f mcrchnnrHso
Yean.
1821
1622
1*23..
1824....
J825
132G
1827........
1828...
1829
1330
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1830
1337
1833
.
$10,537,731
11,101,37<»
.
1840
1842
1343
..
..
1344..«................................................
1845
1840
1847—5 montlw, to November 33
1*47—7 moathf, to June 30
1
...
$2,333 527 >
2,020,350 J
.................................................
1353. . . . .
^
Total ia 33 j*ear*....
ported from
warehouses
—...
Average per utnom,..'..* *>*••••*•••*•**••••«.•
17,222,075 ...... *...
Sf*, 704,803
19, 104,504
15,617,0^1
13,167,339
11, 127, 101
12,067,162
12,434,4*3
1^,44^,657
12,411,969
10, £79,520
7,743,6 M
9,232,867
9,4»!6,043
4,466,3*4
5,007,693
5, e;>:», W)
4,22-?, 181
4,^4,454
3,456,572
3,902,508
5,171,731
5,522,577
4,353,907
t«551,l70
6,576,499
6,625,276
7,376,301
8,552,967
9,501,133
11,202,167
3,692,363
5,261,291
6,752,536
0,792,757
330,348,803
34,624,511
10,010,570
4,946,359
f \ BIGGER, lltgi*"TRXAIUHT DXRIATXK^R, 1ltgisi*>$ OJjm, Dtcmfor 6,1853.
BL.
Statement exhibiting the total value of.imports, and the imports consumed in the United States, exclusive of specie, during each fiscal
V
Valw
duringthe same periods
''
'
°f d°mestk and/orc!Sn
exports, exclusive of spccie, and the tonnage employed
Total imports, Imports consum'd, Domestic produce Foreign merchan- Total exports,
Including speexcluMve of
exported, exclu- dise exported,
including specie, &c.
spccie.
sive of specie.
exclusive of
cie, &c.
specie.
Years.
1021.
..................
1622...»..........
1823......................................
1824.....
1825
1826...
1827.....
1888
.
.
*
" "
1820
1830
..*
1831....
3832..
x
3833.......
1834.......................................„„.
1835...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1836..........
3837
3838
..."
383 9
3840...
1841
1842..
3843 (9 months ending June 30)
...........
1844...
585,724
83, 241,541
77, 579,267
80, 549,007
96, 340,075
84, 974,477
79, 484,068
88, 509,824
74, 492,527
70t 876,920
303, 191,124
301, 029,266
308, 118,311
326, 521,332
349, 895,742
189, 980,035
140, 989,217
113, 717,404
36*2, 092,132
307, 141,519
327, 946,177
300, 162,087
64, 753,799
108, 435,035
$43,696,405
68,367,425
51,308,936
53,846,567
66,375,722
57,652,577
54,901,108
66,975,475
54,741,571
49,575,009
82,808,110
75,327,688
83,470,067
86,973,147
122,007,974
158,811,392
113,310,571
86,552,598
345,870,816
86,250,335
114,776,309
87,996,318
37,294,129
96,390,548
$43,671,894
49,874,079
47,155,408
50,049,500
66,809,766
52.499.855
57,878,117
49,976,632
55,087,307
,58,524,878
59,218,583
61,726,529
69.950.856
80,623,662
100,459,481
106,570,942
94,280,^95
95,560,880
301,625,533
311,660,561
103,636,236
91,799,242
77,686,354
99,531,774
$10,824,429
31,504,270
21,172,435
38,322,605
23,793,588
20,440,934
16,431,830
34,044,608
32,347,344
13,145,857
33,077,069
39,794,074
15,577,876
21,636,553
34,756,321
17,767,762
17,162,232
9,417,690
10,626,140
32, 008, 371
8,181,235
8,078,753
5,139,335
6,214,058
$64,974,332
72,160,281
74,699,030
75,986,657
99,535,388
77,595,322
82,324,827
72,264,686
72,358,671
73,849,508
81,310,583
87,176,943
90,140,433
304,336,973
321,693,577
128,663,040
117,419,376
308,486,616
121,028,416
132,085,946
121,851,803
104,691,534
84,346,480
133,206,046
Tonnage.
1,298,958
j-i
1,324,969 J-H
3,336,566
1,389,163 k-f
1,423,112
^
1,534,191
S
1,620,608
'
1,741,392 a**
3,260,798
•
3,191,776
3,267; 847
3,439,450
1,606,151
3,758,907
3,824,940
1,882,103
1,896,686
1,994,640
2,096,380
2,180,764
2,130,744
2,092,391
2,158,603
3?
2,280,095 CO
B L—Continued.
Year®.
Total import*, Import* emisumM, Domestic produce^Foreign merchan- Total exports,
ineliiilitig *ptv
exclusive of
iucludhig spoexported, exclu- dise exported,
ele, A c.
specie.
sive of specie.
cle, &c.
exclusive of
specie.
$117,254,5(14
131,091,707'
140,545,(538
154,998,928
147,857,439
17*.138,318
210,224.932
212,613,232
207,97?*, 047
Total
4,065,010,155
TmusvKY DcrARTMXKT, Register*$ Office, December 0 t 1853.
$105,599,541
110,048,859
110,257,595
140,651,902
132,565, 168
164, KM, 033
200,476.219
195,072,695
251,071,358
3,361,056,167
$98,455,330^
101,718,042
150,574,844
130,203,709
131,710,081
134.900,233
178.020.138
1M. 931,147
189,869,162
3,057,441,650
$7,581,781
7,865,206
6,100,754
7,986,802
Tonnage.
9,475,493
10,295,121
12,037,043
13,096,213
$114,^16,606
113,488,516
11*5,648,022
151,032,131
145,755, H20
151, KH, 720
218.3*8,011
909, (VI1,625
230,452,250
2,417,002
2,562,085
2,839,0-16
3,15-1,042
3, i m . o i n
3,535,454
3.7?4*m
4,139,441
4,407,010
424,014,473
3,777,138,819
70,890,493
F. BIGGER, Register.
@FedFRASER