Full text of Annual Report of the Secretary of Commerce : Annual Report of the Secretary of Commerce and Labor, 1906

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR

1906

WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1906
Digitized by

Goos le

'
.

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ASD LABOR

Document Xo. fl3
OFFICE OF THE !IECRETARY

2

Digitized by

G ogle

CONTE:~TS.
Page.

Introduction .•.....•.......................•......•.•.•.•..•.........•.•.
·Appropriations and expenditures .•......••••...•...•....••••••............
Per;oonnel of the Department ...................•........•... . ... .. .•......
Printing ........•........•.....•..••...••.......•...............•........
Bureau of :Manufactures ••......•.•.......•.•.••....•................•....
Bureau of Corporations ....................•.............•..••......•.....
Bureau of Labor .....•...........•.............• : .......... . .. . ....••.•...
Liitht-House Board ............•...........•..............................
Bureau of the Cenims .....................•.............. ... .•....•.......
Coast and <>eodetic Survey ....•.........•..........•..•..•.....•.......•.•
Bureau of RtatiF<tics .................••......•.•.........•.....•...........
Steamboat-Inspertion Service .........................................•..•
Bureau of Fisheries ........... . ....•............. .... ......... . ..........
Alaskan salmon fisheries ............................................. .
Newfoundland fishery relations ...................•....................
Fishery legislation ..•••.•...•.......•...•..•........•..•.........••...
Alaskan fur-seal sen;ce .................................................••
Bureau of ~avigation . ..•••.•... . .. . •................ . .. . .............•...
Burt'.au of Immigration ... ......... ••••. .. . . ..... .. ..................... •.
Chinese exclusion ............... ... ... . ........... .. ................ .
Bureau of 8tandards .......•....•..••........•.. . .........................
Building for the Department ...........•............ .. ...•........•.•.....
3

Digitized by

Goos le

5
5
9
10
11

14
15

17
19

23
25

28
29
30

31
81
32
34
39

41
42
44

Digitized by

Goog Ie

ANNUAL REPORT
011' THE

SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.
DEPARTMENT

OF

CollMERCE AND ·LABOR,
OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY,

Washington, December I, 1906.
To the PRESIDENT:
I have the honor to submit herewith, for transmission to Congress,
in accordance with the provisions of the organic act, the annual report
of this Department:
APPROPRIATIONS AND EXPENDITURES.

The itemized statement of expenditures from the contingent fund
of the Department of Commerce and Lahor will be transmitted to
Congre88 in the usual form.
The following table shows the aggregate 1:1.mounts of the annual
appropriations for the various bureaus and services of the Department of Commerce and Labor for the fiscal year ended June ao. 1906;
of the appropriations for public works and balarwes of appropriations
in the Tre~ury available July 1, 1905; for public works, which under
the law, are expended without regard to any particular fiscal year, and
of permanent indefinite appropriations:
Annunl
Appropriution~ l'erinnnent
appropriRtions.
for pnhli,•
in<lclinite
1906.
works.
appropriation•.

Totals.

Office of the Secretary of Commerce

and l..abor ...•. .••• . • •...... . ••..• . .
!2~,129. 84
Bureau of Corpol'lltfon• ..• ....•. .... . .
2li, R7t•. 40
2li,8i9. 40
Bun."'u of :llanufactures ............. .
ll,8ti7. 23
11,867. 23
Bureau of I..abor ..... .. . ... ..... . .. .. .
184, O'.!O. 00
18-1.0'20.00
Light-House Board . .... • . . .. .. . .. . .. .
4t;, HIO. 00 . .......................... . .. ..
46,f..t0. 00
Llght•House Establishment. .. . . .. ...
3,686,ooo. oo .. ... .... .... ..... .. ..... .. .. .. .
3, G&;, 000. 00
Llght•boW!e!I. beaCOllff, fog Mlgnllls,
2, :ir,o, t.;.t. 58
etc . . . . . . .. .. .. . . . .. • .. .. . . . .. • . .. .. . .. . . . . .. .. .. . .. . 11'2 , 3/i0, ~ - 63 .......... ..... .
1, 368,416.68
Bureau of the Censu• . . . . ............. ' ca 1,368. 416. 63 .... .... . .. .......... .. .. .. ... . .
Bureau of StatiMtlcs. . •.. • • . .. • .. .. • • • •
115, 070. oo .... . ....... .. .. . ....... . . . .. . ..
&~. Oi0.00
ca Of th!• amount 933,700.6i is to b(' expended without n,garJ to tlsl'al yenr.

5

Digitized by

Goos le

6

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCK AND LABOR.

- - -- - - - - -

-

- - -· - - 1--A-n_n_U&_l_ _
lA_p_p_ro
_ p_rl_a_tl_o_n_s_'_ P_e_rm
_ a-nent.appropriations,

-

1906.

-

.

·'-

I

Office of the Supervlsln,r Inspector-

~r~~~~•..~~~~~~~-~.~.8-~.~~·t·~~.~-'

for public
works.

- - · - --

Iappropriations.
Indefinite

- -1-

Totals.

- · - --- -

i·------·······.J ............. ..

'11 , 940.00
409,945. 18
36,580. 00

fll,940. 00
Steamboat•lllSve<'tlon Service .. _..... ... ........... .. , . ...... . ........
'409,945.18
1
Bureau ofNavlgation •... . ..• .. • . . • . . • 1
36,580. 001· ....... . . . ... .. . ... . . .. .. .. .... .. 11
Salarlei1, shipping service • ....• ••.. ... ,...... . . ... ......... ... ... . .... . .
60,860. 90
1
Services to American ve-ls • . . . . •••• ·.... . .. . .. .. .... . . .. .. • . .. .. . . . .
16, 74:.?. 7S

60,850. 90
16. 742. 78

I

R~i:i~~~f,. ~1:t~i~-. ~~. ~~.~~~. :~~. I ....... -........

1,990.80

I ••••• • ••••• •••• • 1

1,990.80
30,960. 00

Bureau of Immigration ....... ·· - · ....
30,960. 00 !...... .... ... ... :......... .. .... .
Enforcement of the Chlne,,c excJu. 1
I
slon act . . . . .. ... ........ ... ... .. . . _..
600,000. 00 I· .. .......... ... ........... .... .
Expenses of regulating Immigration .. 1.. . .. .. .. . .. . .. · :· . .. . . . ... . ..
1,60'2, 796. 76
HOAPltal, ferryboat. new taland, re•
I
pairs. etc .. at Ellis l!lland (N. Y. )
Immigrant statlon .• . .. .. . • •. .. . . . .. 1. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . 1
S-176,241.02 ,· ·· · · · .. ....... .
San Francisco (Cul.) Immigrant •ta• :
I

600, 000. 00
1, 60'l , 796. 76

···i

I

B~:~·~;~~~~~.:,;;::::::::::::::::::1
·····~i~--~·1
·I

476,241.02

1::::: !::::::::::::::::

Ooast and Geodetic Survey ..........
av75, 2.'>4.28 ........ . ... . ... , . .. . . . . .. ...... .
Bureau of Flsherle• ... . ... ....• . . ..• . - 1
623, 920. 00 I...... ... .. .... .. ....... .. ... ... .
Fifth hatcheries, launch, steamer. etc. , .. .... . . ... . . . _.
208,870.42 , . . ... . ... . ..... .

100,000. 00
167, 144.10
975, 2.',4. 28
6'i:l, 9'l0. 00
208,Si0. 42

Salarle.. and traveling t•xpen- of
I
agents at .ea! flsherle.• In Ala.ka ...
12, 9fi0.00 , . •. • . . _... . . . . . . .. .. , • • . . .. • . • • •
Supplies for nati,•e lnh11bltants . . .. • . . _ _1_9,500.00 : .. . . . . . . ...

12,950.00
19,500.00

I

1

·····1·....... ...... ..

Totals . .. .. . .. . ... . .... . . .... . .. ..

I

8,853, 777. SS

J .

3, 147,700.07 ,

2,092. 3'.16. 32

18,693, 863. 77

a Of thl• amount S'.!87, 779.28 Is tn be expended without regard to fl•cal year.

The following table shows the disbursements made by the disbursing clerk of the Department in the fh,cal year ended .June 30, 1906:
ll
f
. ~u:'.'us nnd titles o ~pproprla on~

I

I

I

I

I

Fourth
quarter.

Fir.it
Second
Third
,_ ~uarter. _ qunrter. , quar~~

OFFICE OF THE Sf:CRETARY.

Sa!~~i,;/i!,~~r~~~~.~:1.~~>: ~~~~~~~.:

Totals .

~189.84
~f.
fl 89. 34 . .. . . . . .. .. . : . · · . · · . · . . • · • · · · · · · · · · · · :
Salarh.,,, Office of Secretary of Commerce I
'
1111d Labor, 1906. . ... . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . ... . . 35, 08i. 42 t.!5, 642. 27 f36, 649. 27 S36, 3i2.43
133, i51.S9
Contingent expenses, D<>parum,nt or I
I
1
33. 00
Commer<·e1111d Luhor, 1903--I . . ... . ...• . , . . . . ..... ... . . .... . . . . . :, ..... . .. ... .
33.00
Contingent expem,f''.'<i, Deparlment of
~.389.65
Cornmerceurul Lnhor, l\lOfi .. .. . . . . _... .
~.3X9.6.5 ··· ··· ··· ···j·· ········· · ... ... ...... 1
Contingent

expl"'ll~t'~. D(.cp_
n rtmcut

of

I

I ...

Commerc<' a11<I Luloor, I.I06........ . . .. .
R<•nt. J)c•11ar1me 111 of Comm1•r1•c ,md I

R!;;t~,~::;,;:~;,;.·,:i. ~:~~~;~~~~· ·~~~ ·:

.. I

, , 817«,4

2,09i. 4~

•. _

1

...

_

10,648. 8, 1 13, 6-13. 5, I 14, 33-1.4, 1

I
' . .... . . . . .. ·1.. ... ... ... .:...... ... .. .!
6, 367. 43 I 6,167. 44
6,0f\7.44 ,

Labor, l\l06 . . .. . ...... .... . .. . . . ... .. . .. 1 3, 911.63
l'Rl11rh"and tra,·cl\nl{ex1>en"t•s11fttgents
I
I
I
111 ,...,II llshcri1•, In Alusku . 1904 . . .. ... . .
611 . io ..... .... ... .. . .. . . ...... . . . . . . . . . ... .
Saln.riesu11rltn1.velingt•;,tpm1sP~oftt.gents
I
I
nt,.,•ul llsherle~ in Alnsk11, 1905 .. . . .. . . . 1 4,14~.45
2, 9'.!0. 00 .... . .. ... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . ,
Suhiric-.rnd traveling <>xpenses of ttice nt11
I
I
Rt ,eal tlshcries In Alnsku, 1901>. .... ....
99'l. :;.; 1 2,189. 37
1, 6-12. (tO
1, 1i2. 00 :
Salari<>e and expenses. spt•<·ial ngent.s, Ile•
I
I
I
partment of Comm,·r<·<' 1111d J_.nl,.,r, 1\!05.
1,687.13 . . ..... .. . .. .. . .. . .. . .... . ...... . . . .
8alari1•s1tnd t'XJ>ellS<'s, HJ>N•lnlai;?e nt•, Ile•
I
!
purtnu.,nt of Commer<·e and Labor, 1906 ..... ....... . I:..:..:.:.:.::..:..:.:.:.:::..:..:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:..:..:
,,, 440. 00 :

I

46, 414.46

2,097. 48
22,513.94

611. 70
7, ll68. 4.'>
5,996. 42

1,687.13
6,440.00

Totnl . . .. .. .. . ........ . ...... . ....... . .... . . . .. . 1.. ..... . . .. · '. . . .. . . .... .. I . •• •••• •• • •. : 234,422. 91>

Digitized by

Goos le

7

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

I

Fir11t
Bureaus and titles of approprlatlo::_ _ quart,;r.

I

Second
Third ' Fonrth
_ qu'.'r~. _ q u ~. _ I_ q~a~r.

.

BUREAU OF CORPORATIONS.

'1

I

'

Total•.

I

I

Salaries, Bureau of Corporations, 1906. . . . $14,183. !i9 $9, 768. 70 : $14,939. 211 614,896.99 I 163, 'lll8.87
1
Salaries and expen-, special uttomeys,
I
,
1
1
1,664, 69
..
~ ..
1,654.69 .. ....•..•.. ' •.•.•.. •. ... \............ I
1
Balarie.• and expenses, •peclal attomey11,
,
I
examiners. etc., Bureau of Corpora•
.
I
tlon.•,1906 ...•.......•.......•... . . . . . . . . 18,542. i9 i l o,449.27
19,87f>.86 I 17,561.10
7},429. 02

~i~~~ {~· ~~~·: .~~:~.~~.

?.~~~:.

Total .... .. ....••.• . ••. .. ..•. .... •. . ............ \. . .. . • ...... ... . ..... • ... 1-••-.-.-••·-.••-.-••·>--128~,822--58Bl"'REAU OP MA.l•U PAC'l'l'Rl!S.

i

I

I

Salaries, Bureau of l\lanuf11ctures, 1905...

9.11 1. .. .•• . .•••• ,............ . .....•.....
9.17
Salaries. Bureau of Yannfactures. 1906...
2,266.11 1 1,814. lf> ' S, 023. 34 i 3,362.50
10,466.10
I
'----:----·>----Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . • • • . . ....... ..... .. . ......... J 10, 475. 27
1

BlCREAt· 01' LABOR.

4,894.06

I
1

I

Stationery. Bureau of Labor, 1906 .. .. . ...
Stationery, Bureau of Labor. 1906 . .. ,.. ..
Library. Bureau of Labor, 1905 . . .. . .... ..
Library. Bureau of Labor, 1906... .. ... . ..
Rent, Bureau of Labor, 1906........ . . .. ..
Rent, Bureau of Labor, 1906......... . . . . .
Contingent expense., Bureau of Labor,
1906 .. . . • •. • .. . • • .. •. • .... • .. • .. • • • • • •. •.

306.00
1. &,
132. 49
191!. 05
56'2.50

J

9. 26 ,

46. 77

1• • • • • • • • • . • • - . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,126. 00 ,

1,687.50 ·

288. 02
1........... .

2,260.00

I

/il!3. 77

I ... . .. • • • • . .

. . . . . . •. • •••

596. 26 I

731.45

1

\==· ........................'............
i- -- 871.46

!
I

69. 40 ,

1

s, OOii. 46

I= ==
I

~17-0-,00-2-.8-1

11,709. 68 ' 11. 579. 48

I

I
I

~~:~~:~~

~:~~~·.~~.:

5,::::;

13,4:::: ... ~·.~~: ~. , . ..
°'j~ra~. ~~~~~~~: .~~.r~.~~.''.~ .~:~'.•.~~~'.)~: .1
General expenses, Bureau of Stand11rd•. I
1906 . . ..... .. .. . .... .. ..... . .... ... ..... .
1, lS-J. 26 I 4, 126.74
2, 968. 78 ~
2,363.10 j
Improvement an<!, care of grounds, [
Burcun of Stande.rdH, 1906.......... . ...
1,139. 87 I
138. 87
196. 21 I
29. 92 I
Outbuildlug, Burea11 of Standards . . . .... I ~ 5 8 . 00 i 4,372.50
2, fist. 50 1 1,209.50 :
Tote.I ... .. . . . . ........ .. ... ... .. . .. . 1. . . . . . . . . . . .

. .. .. .... ...

42,259.77

213.34
87,684.94

7,49'l.89
81,303. f>6
868.66

10,640. 88
1,499. 37
12,824. 60

:..:.:..:..:._:~_:! · ·· ··· · · · ·-- I Jlil,373. 08

I

1

1

Salarle!!, Bureau of Statlatlcs, 1905 . ....... \
98. 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . I
Salarle,o, Bureau of Stati.tlc,,, 1906 .. ... ... I 18, !li0. 69 1 13, 43-1. 89
19,606. 51 1 19, ~. 74 '.
Collecting lltatiatics relating to com- J
men-e, 1906 .• •. •.•.. , ........... .. ...... 1
20. 00 ' . . . .•......•....•... . ... 1• • • • • • • • • • • : 1
I
Collecting •t11tistle11 relating to com•
meree. 1906 .... . ................ . . . .....
R7i;. 00 I 1,175.fil
870. 97 I
875.00 i

I

Collat~:~7~~~.~~

430.86

1

·I .......... ··I

i

STATISTICS.

2,098.84

'====I

!

or

132.41)
636. 09
662.50
6, 750.00

688. 77

• • • • • • • • • • ••

SalarieF, Burcan of Standards, 190,, .. . ....
213. 34 I.................... . ..
Salaries, Bureau of Standards, 1906 . ...... 1
.. ~~:.4·4·6···4·~·1··~~:~·.~.'
Equipment, Bureau of Standards, 1005 . . . ~:~::: :. .
Equipment , Bureau of f'tarulards. 1906 ... I

BUREAU

r,7, 829. 26
306.00
630.24

144. 791

1,687. 50 I

4,SIK.06

1

8a)aries. Office of Llght•HouseBoard, 1906. 1 JO, 9f,;. 1r,
Bl"REAU 01' 8TA!<DARD8.

·I·...........

485. SO i

48. SO

I
I

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; • • •• • •••• • ••
1

Col~~~~~~.~~~•'.~::'~~~:~.~.~~.~~:: .1 312. 64 : 459. f,0
Postage to ()O"tal•unlon countries,Bnn•au I
,
of Lllbor, 1906 . . . . ....... . .. . ... . .................. ·: · ........•..
J,)(lHT· HOUSE BOARD.

16,340. 44 1 16,448.29

I

1. . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . .

I

196.02
95, filiB. 69

'

• • • • • • • • • • • • ' • • • • • • , •• • • • 1• • • . • • • • • • ••

M~~1.1~~:'.'~~·~.~~~~~:·:~~'."'.1'.'.~~!.~~~·.113,880.95 \ 13,169.57

Total ....................... .. ......

I

'

196.02 i... ... •.... .'. ....... .. .. . 1 • • . • • • •• • •••
26,014.77 I 17,517.07, 26,821.87 I 26,199.118,

Salaries, Burea11 of Labor, 1905...... . ....
Salaries, Bur<.,au o[ Labor, 1906.. . .. ..... .
Ml8eelluneous expenses, Bureau of Labor,
100o............. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98.34

70, 570. 73
20.00

3, 7911. 58

~~.~:~~~~~.~~:~~:I . ...~~·.~......~·. ~... . .~~~·. ~.'. .....~:~.: 7:: : : :
Digitized by

Google

8

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

Bureaus and titles of approp_rl_at_io_ne
_ . _ , q~~!r.

I f~r:!~.--_

Fourth
q ~ r. _ quarter.

Totals.

16, m. 68

125,462.M

BUBliU OF NAVIOATIO!'<.

S&larle11, Bureau of Navigation, 1906 •. . .•
Oontlngent expen.scs, shipping service,
1906 •....... .... •• . .• •. .•••. •. .. . .. •.••. .

16, m .06

1

Contingent expenses, shipping l!ervl<'e,
1906 ••. . •• • .... •• •. . •• .. .•• •• • . •• ••. .....

94, 778. 61

t,;, 9-13. 39

I

773.66 ' .. ..•...•....•..•. •. ••• . • •.. •• • •••.•
168. 78

1

678. '¥1

1, 466. 'lo

773. 56

s, 738. 74

1,426. 24

Total .... . .. . .... . .. . ... . . .. ...... . ... .. ... . .... , . •... . ... ••.• .• •• • . ••• . ..• •• .•• . •..

29, '¥14. 9f

8TEAMBOAT·IN8PECTION SERVICE.

llal&rles, ollke of Supervising Inspector•

General, Steamboat•Inspectlon Serv•
2.98.~. oo

1,989. 98

Salaries, Steamhoftt-Inspection Service . .

89,078.06

r.9, 817. 26

2,986.00
89,966. 67

2,986.00
I 89,812.
77

eo3i~°f:~1~~.~".':".·.~~~~~.1.~~:.

zi, M9. 15

20,696. 72

16,881.83

l

Ice, 1906 . ... .. ... . . . . .... .. . .. . · - ···· ·· · :

To~~;~:~~:~:·~~~~:~~.·

10, 9f4. 98
828,169.75

20,302.84

79,879.M

· ······r--·· ........... ...................,............

Salaries, Bureau of Immigration, 100.', . . .. 1
1
Salaries, Bureau of Imm(lfratfon, 1006. . . .
Enforcement of the Chlnese•exclnslon :

~,.~.· ~

""" ...,

28,262: 87

I
3,268.89

act,1906 .... . ............... . . .. ... . ... .. , 61 , 724.30
Expenees of regulating immigration . •. .. 1 3.'>2, 162. 59

97,559.77
889, 94t. 71

··--1

483. 84

.. . : •• . . . .. . . ... . ••, :; · .· ;_;,· ,··· • • .. ... ~·
166 42
7 7
70 689
"
"' uu
..,.,

E:;o~~~~;·~f. ~h~ · ~·~;,~~;~~;.l~ ~l~~ ·I 43,980. 20

Immigrant station, EIits Ishmd, N. Y

418,994.27

241.:111

275. 9'1 '

7'l.OO

! 47,597. 01

ll'l, 347.67 1 92,842.16 844,478.89
379, 991.88 , 409, 571\. 39 1,481,674. 67

183.49 1-- ·· ··· ·· ·· ·

············I

424. 77

::i~~::~~;;/::1;::!·~~-y~::: ..~~:~~~:~. --~~:~~~:~~. 17,::: i...~:~~~:~~. 119,:::
Total. . ...... . ........... .. . .. . . . . ..
Totals . ..... ... ....... .. . . ... .. ... .

.I. .. .....................:............ :............2, O'l2, 608. S6

--1873, 48.>. 17

73.'>. fi.18. 62

S-..'6, SM. 90

848,643.06

a, 284,441. 7~

1

The disbursements during the fhwal yeur ended June 30, 1906, from
the.annual appropriations for that year, from the appropriations for
public work:'!, and from the permanent. indefinite appropriations during the Hame tisea.l yeur were as follows:
Br the ,lisbursing ,•lerk, 1lepartment of Commerce and Labor, on
account of salarieJ-1 and expenses of the Office of the Secretary of
Commerce and Labor, the hnre.ani< of Corporations, :\fanufa<'ture8,
Labor, Statisti1'!', Nadg-ation, Immigration, and Standard~, the LightHou~e Board, the (>llke of the 8upervising Inspector-<.ieneral,
Steamhoat•lni<p1·<:tio11 f:.ervice, expem;es of regulating immigration,
ex1wn~es of enforl'illl,( the Chine8e-ext'lttl!'ion act, Mlaries and
expeni.:ei,, Steam boat• I n:;pt•1·tiun Serviee at large, salarie~and ex 1)(:'nHes
of tljlt•nts at seal fisheries in Ala,aka (8hown in detail in the above
table of expt•ruliture~) .... . .. .. ..... . ......... . ........••.. .. ... $3,284,441. 75
By the enl,(inet•r and naval ,.ecretarie~ of the Liizht•Hou~e Board,
engint•er8 and ini.:pect~:ir,, d1•tailNl from the Army and Na,·y to duty
in the Light-Hou>'e J-:,.tahlishment, a111I all othn officers who di1:1•
bursed mom,y for tlw Liizht-llou><e Ei.:tahli8hnwnt.......... •. . . . . 4,282, 6!15. 97
By the di11bur;iing l'lerk, Rurean of the ( 'eni.:us. on a1·co11nt of !'i~larit•l'
and expen8es of the Bureau of the Cl'nl"tt!l . . .. .. . . . . .• . • . • • • .• •• •• I, 161,631.80
By I.he spceial di11bur:'ing ll!,."l'Ht, Coa.-<t un<l <-iernleti,· SurvC'y, on account
of salaries, 1•xpenses, an<l puhlil' works of the Coa.~t and Geodetic
Survey • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • . • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • •
826, -ltl.5. 37
Dlg11ized by

Goos le

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE .AND LA.BOR.

By the special disbursing agent, Bureau of Fisheries, on account of
ealaries, expenses, and public works of the Bureau of Fisheries .•••
By the special disbursing ~nte of the Immigration ServiC',e .....•..•
By the special agents of the Department investigating trade relations
abroad, as special disbursing agents .....•........•.••..•.••..•.••
By customs officers, on account of witnesses' fees in steamboat investigations .•..........•••..•.••••...••.••••.•....•.•.••....•.••..
By special disbursing agent, Steamboat-Inspection Service ...•.....•
By the Auditor for the State and other Departments on account of all
the bureaus, offices, and services, from annual appropriations for
the fiscal year ended June 30, 1906, appropriations for public works,
and permanent indefinite appropriations •.•.•••••.•••..••.•••.•..

9

$682, 981. 68

35,002.56
17,763.01
1,163.45
'120. 60

215,319.68

Total disbursements during the fiscal year .•••••.•......••..•• 10,508, 185. 87

The recommendation made in my annual report for the fiscal year
ended ,June 30, 1905-that, so far as practicable, the disbursing offices
authorized by law and now existing in some of the subordinate bureaus
be consolidated with the di1,1bursing office of the Department of Commerce and Labor-is renewed. Such a consolidation would result in a
saving of both time and expense in the examination of accounts and
the payment of vouchers. The bookkeeping of the Department would
be simplified, and the exact status of accounts and balances of appropriations, including the lmlances of advances on requisitions, could be
a:scertained without difficulty, as the ledgers of the Department would
show the disbursements from day to day.
Should consolidation he effected, the work of disbursing the appropriations of the Depa1·tment and the several burenus and offices thereof
would come under the personal supervision of the Hecretary.
pi,;1:t~NNEL OF THE DEPARTMENT.

The regular or permanent po~itions under the Department are distributed 8.8 follows: Office of the Secretary, 145; Bureau of ::\-lanufactures, 26: Bureau of Corpomtions, 70: Bureau of L!lbor, 97; LightHonse Establishment, 5,5~1; Bureau of the Census, 1,3:W; Coa1,1t and
Geodetic Survey, HU; Bureau of Statistics, :i:{; Steamboat-Inspection
Sen·ice, 226; Bureau of Fisheries, :m5; Bureau of Xavigation, 73;
Bureau of Immigration, 1,l!l8, and Bureau of Standards, Hfi, the total
numher of regulur positions in the Departm<>nt heing H.500.
The change in status of ll large numher of offieers and employees in
the Immigration Service stationed along the Canndian and llexican
border~ from the excepted to the competitin.• class, rendering them
eligible fot· tl"8.nsfer to points within tht• United StatPs where their truiningand experience might be of a<lrnntage, lms worked an impro,·ement
in the 8ervice. During the past year an exhnuHt.h-e plan for a readjui;tment of 811.laries has been put into operation 1md efficieney regulations to govern the promotion of employees hM·e been promulg-nted.
Laborers appointed without examination to statutory positions in
Digitized by

Goos le

10

REPORT <W THE SECRETARY OF COMMJ.;RCE AND LABOR.

the field sen·ice of the Bureau of Fisheries, who ham been assigned
to fish-cultural duties, were recently classified by Executive order.
Regulations to govern appointments, promotions, etc., in the field
sen·ice of the Bureau are about completed. Perhaps the most important feature of the new regulat.ions will he a prodsion for the
pron,otion of such lahorers I\S were recently classified.
At first the Department experi<>n<>ed eonsi<lernble di ftieulty in making
such temporary appointment.~ as were found necessary in th<• LightHouse Serdl'e at 11\rge conform to the requirf'lrn•nts of the civil-service
rules, the old regulation-; hnving failed to provide speeitieally forcertain conditions, unforesef'n when the classification of the Light-House
Serviee wns originally under con:-.i<lf'ration. Cooperative aet.ion with
the Civil Service Commh,,,.ion led to an amendment to the civil-service
rules ex<"epting from the re<1uirements of <'Xllmination and rt>gistration
"mechanics and skilled tradeimwn or lnhorers, employed upon construction or repair work in the field sNvict>s. under such restri<"th·e eonditiom1 thnt, in the opinion of the Commis:-.ion. they l'tlll not, a..,; a class, he
appoinh•d from regbter:-. of eligibles.·• Thi:-. <·hange hu,; heen of
deeided benefit to the Service, as the oflieerl-1 of the Light-House
Establishment may now biwe constuntk at theit· eomrnand the ,;erdces
of mechanies, lab~rer:;, and others wh~ are train~<l in the work for
which they are employed, aucl who might not have heen nvnilahle
unde1· the former method. A chang<' in the mtmnei· of certifying
and appointing person:-. in this Senice lms heen benefieinl to the
Department, to the Light-House 8erdee, nnd to the Cidl ~erdce
Commission; has :-.<'cur<>d n closer ohservancf' of the cidl-s<'rvice rules
than wa.~ pmcticahle under the <>artier systems, and has hnd the effect,
in the inspection branch of the Serdce, of showing the nec<>ssity for a
revision of the cla:;se:; of light-keepers ba:-.ed upon the duties to be
performf'd by them after appointment.
PRl:'.',TD,O.

A mnterial saving ha,- lw<'n effected in the expenditures for printing
and binding <luring the year, notwithstanding the expansion in the
Department's w01·k. This lms been rnnde po,;sihle by 1rn extension of
the efforts to eliminate unnece:-.,-ary matt.er from publications, and to
curtail the tendency to multiply the numbn of blank forms in use.
In uccordauce with the Exe<"uth·e order of ,January :W, l!lOti, I
appoint<'d us an advisory committee on printing and puh!ication for
the D<'pnrtment, the As,-i:-.tant Secretary of Commerce and Lahor, the
chief clPrk of the Bureau of the Cen,ms, and the chief of the divbion
of printing. This committee etff'ctively 1wrforms the various duties
imposed upon it by the President's order and hus succf'edP<l in t·Pducing the volume of printing without in an.,· wny ei-ippling the needs of
the snvice.
Digitized by

Goos le

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

11

At the close of the fiscal year 1905-6, there was covered into the
Treasury over tl 70,000 of the Department's printing fund, as compared with a balance of ig140,ooo in the year 1904--5. There will
probably be little or no balance to cover into the Treasury from the
Department'8 printing allotment at the close of the fiscal year ending
.June 30, 1907, owing to the provisions of public resolution No. 13,
appro,Ted March 30, 1!106. This resolution requires that the cost of
publications, the printing of which is specitieally provided for by
law, shall be paid from the Department's allotment of the appropriation for printing and bir1ding instead of from the Congre:-1sional allotment, as heretofore. It is believed that the amount annually expended
for printing by the Department, including that hitherto charged
against the Congressional allotment, will be materially decreased as a
result of the methods adopted to eliminate unnecess1iry printing.
Bt:REAU OJ<' ~ANUFACTURJ<:S.

The work of the Bureau of l\lunufactures has been prosecuted along
the lines indicated in my last annual report and in accordance with the
law, which requires the Department, thru this Bureau, to promote and
develop the various manufacturing- industries of the C nited Stat<•s and
markets for the same at home and abroad hy gathering, compiling,
publishing, and supplying all available and mwful information concerning such industries and market.-;. During the year u large mass of
information has been collec-ted by the Bureau in regard to the mnnufacturing industries of the country, having special reference to extending the sale of American products in foreign markets. Undei· the
syst.em followed the Bureau is enabled to speedily reach an.r partil'ular
industry and promptly inform it.-;i reprPsPntntives of any pnrticular
opportunities that are offered for the promotion of American trnde.
Commerl'ial reports made hy American diplomatil' und commlar officers
are prepared for publieation by this Bureau, and thru this means
opportunities are frequently offered for the sale of Ameriean manufactured products abroR.d. The po:-1se,.;sion of a <"ln:-1sitird Ji,-t of
manufactures enables the Bureau to comrnunieate <lirPdly with the
parties immediately interested, and in a number of cases <luring the
year information of the character dPs<"ribed has hPen sent in advance
to manufacturers, who h1n-e protited thereby. The mine of this
work, which is highly esteemed hy manufacturers and Pxportt•rs,
is shown by the fal't that it has grown in variety and volume to a
degree far heyond the ahility of the pre:,;ent inndequate forcP of the
Bureau to properly handle, and it is urgently recommended that
provision be made for supplying the necessary <"lc1·ieal ns:-istance to
meet the constantly increa:,;ing demR.nd for such data. A wo1·k of
this character will be effective in proportion to it.-i complPtcnPss and
thorone.~, ·and the value thereof will he augmented by su<"h intelligent classification as will make it immediately a,·ailablt•.
Digitized by

Google

12

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY Olt' COMMERCE .AND LABOR •

.Much valuable information of the most practical character was furnished by ispecial agents of the Department. A number of their reports
were presented to Congre1-1s at its la.st session and others will be presented at the coming session. Under direction of the Bureau of Manufact.urei,i the special agents sent to the Orient secured sample:,i of every
kind of cotton goods Rold in the Chinese markets. These samples were
prepared by the Bureau for distribution among manufacturers of cotl9n
fabrics. Cards were sent out containing samples of these fabrics,
together with information relative to wholesale and retail prices, uses
to which put, methods of handling, and other data of value to manufacturers. Nearly 200complete sets of the samples, embracing several
thousand pieces of cloth, were sent to boards of trade and other
organized commercial bodies loC!lted in centers of the cotton manufaeturing industry. Sets were also sent to textile schools.
In addition to cotton fabrics, samples of other manufactured products
imported into oriental countries were received and circulated among
manufacturn:s of like products in this country. This practical work
met with general <·ommendation from all 'who were :,ipecially interested
in the industries directly concerned. It might have been extended to
a greater degree bad there been at the disposal of the Department
facilities for that purpose. In the endeavor which is being made to ·
extend our foreign trade, exigencies will arise that can not be anticipated, and which, in the absence of authority to forestall, are likely to
result in emhari·assrnent to the l>epartment and delay and loss to our
business interestR. In this particular case, the samples of cotton cloth
and yarns, which were of the highest importance and mine to cotton
manufacturers, could be forwarded only with the understanding that
the charges of carriage to and fro should be defrayed by :such manufacturers. It i:s recommended that adequate provision be made to
enahle the Department to tnel't condition8 of this character.
The work pPrformcd hy the four special agents during the year was
of the most comprehensive chamcter, and included innstigat.ion,; into
trade ('011ditions in the several countries of Central and South America,
Cuhn, ~lexi<"o, tht- Dominion of Canada, China, and ,Japan. Their
reports co,·er<'d commei·cial, industrial, tlnd climatic conditions in those
countrip,-:. the taste,,; and habits of the people, their prefeL·enc<'s for
partirnlar lin<'s of imported commodities, and other matt.Prs having
relation to the promotion of tmde. The,-e reports, which were made
periodi,·ally. W<'re puhlislwd in the Daily Cousulnr nnd Trade RPports
immediately upon thPir recPipt, and thus promptly distributed among
businP:-s men inter<>strd. Th<' full vnlnP of thii,; work can not at this
time he propnly estimated. It:-; inmwdiate ,·alne consii-;ts in the va:,t
amount of information that has heen furnished those in charge of our
grent commercial and industrial interests, by which they have been
aceumtely und reliahly informed of the chnrncter and conditions of
Digitized by

Goos le

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

13

foreign markets and the methods that have been followed and that
are now pursued by our commercial competitors who have successfully
occupied these fields for many yea.rs. Its prospective value will
depend upon whether our manufacturers and merchants utilize the
information thus supplied and direct their efforts with that zeal and
intelligence characterizing all their endeavors in the conduct of trade
in home markets. The results of the la.bo1·s of these special a.gents
attracted wide attention, not only from business men of the United
States, but from those of foreign countries. in which their reports
obtained considerable publicity by reproduction in newspapers and
trade periodicals. That this special work is appreciated by our manufacturers and merchants is apparent from the large volume of
correspondence which it has created with the Department.
In addition to the preliminary reports that were given current publication, the 8pecial agents who Yisited the several countries heretofore
named prepared tinal reports, in which the results of their observations were condensed and consolidated, and published in pamphlets
that will have permanent vttlue. Those relating to the Dominion of
Canada, :Mexico, Cuba, Brazil, Chiou., and Japan were transmitted to
Congrc...;;s at its last session. A report on Argentina, lJ ruguay, and
Paraguay, and one on the Pacific const States of South America and
the States of Central America, were not completed until the adjournment of Congress.
In se\'eral ca:;es reports were received from special agents and consular officers disclosing facts which were especially important to particular industries if promptly conveyed to those charged with their
direction. These reports were printt•d and mailed to such parties
wit.h a circular note calling attention to the opportunities pl'esented
for the ~le of their products. This method of conrnying valuable
information to those who were in position to utilize it 1111.1:1 been productive of good results and bas heen highly connnen<led in letters
received by the Department.
The work of collating and armnging t.ariff:s of for<'ign countries in
form for distribution was tmnsferrerl on June 1, lHOfi. from thl\ Bureau
of Statistics to the Bureau of :\lanufactures. This work logically
belongs to the latter Bureau, and ean he <>xpeditiously puhlished
and distributed in connection with the preparation, puhlil'ation. and
distribution of commercial reports re<"eh·ed from diplomatie and consular officers and special agents. To meet freqtwnt rP(ptl•sts from
busine8s men regarding- foreign tariffs nnd eog-nate nmttPrs. it is
imperative that the f>eparhn<'nt should he equipped with a <·ompPtent
and adequate force to collatl> and arrange not only tnriff sehedul<'s,
but information regarding proposed changes in tariff laws und covering methods of administration, customs r<-1.nilations, port nml other
charges which attach to imported nwrdmndise, and which are C'lenH'nts
Digitized by

Goos le

14

REPORT OF THE aECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

that contribute to fixing the emit to the consumer. The amoµnt
annually appropriated for this purpose since the work was entered
upon is insufficient to fully accomplish the object intended by Congress, a~d an increuse in the amount hitherto appropriated for this
work is earnestly recommended.
During the year the Bureau of :Manufactures distributed 1,572.600
copies of Daily Consular and Trade Report.~, 6, i50 copies of special
reports, 102,210 copies of the monthly edition of Consular and Trade
Reports, and 2,000 copies of Commercial Relations and ReYiew of the
World's Commerce, making in all a total of 1,683,560 copies of periodicals distributed.
BUREAU 01'' CORI'OHATIONS.

The Bureau of Co11>0ration:s has continued the work outlined in the
annual reports of the Commissioner. A :,;pedal report on the Transportation of Petroleum was submitted to the Presi<lent during the
past year. Othe1· :special reports will he made as im·estigations are
completed.
The results thus far obtained fully justify the creation of the Bureau.
Its investigations have furnished reliahle information regiu·ding the
conduct and business of corporations engaged in interstate and foreign
commerce. The fact.-; presented as to the relation of such corporations
to the States and the inahility of the States to eff<.'ctually curb the
improper exercise of corporate powers lead inevitably to the conclusion that the F<'deral Government must directly regulate and control
such corporations.
Of the methods suggested for exerch,ing this power the Federal
franchisP plan seems the mo8t feasible. This plan is simply to require
the greater industrial corporations to ohtain a license from the Federal Gm·ernment if they are to engage in interstate and foreign commerce. There would be no interference with thP. powers of a St.ate
over the creation of corporations nor their actions wholly within the
St.ate. Under a license the Federal Government should require, as a
condition precedent to granting the licensP, a full diselosure of all
facts necessary to show the ownership, properties, financial condition,
and management of the corporation; furthermore, the corporation's
records should he open to proper inspection; annual reports should be
required; and, finally, the Government. should have the power to
revoke the license and prevent the continuation of engaging in interstate and foreign commerce in the event the corporation fails in its
obligations toward the Government or is convicted of violating Federal laws. Ordinarily the imposition of tin<.'s docs but little to corrt>ct
corpomte abuses, but if t,he p<.'nalty he the denhil of the right to contirme hn:-iness a most effeetivc remedy is provided.
The railwnys hnve heen brought unch~r Fedeml regulation b,v the
interstate-commen·e act. The principle of sn<'h r<.'guhttion has bePn
Digitized

byGoogl

1
I

... ...

I

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

15

adopted in the acts regarding meat inspect.ion and pure food. The
next act should extend the license plan over the greater industrial
corporations dealing in the staple commodities.
BUREAU OF LABOR.

During the fiscal yeur ended June 30, 1906. the Bureau of Labor
issued it.-. twentieth annual report-that for 1!105. This r<>port presents the results of an extR-nsh·e investigation of the penal and
reformntory institutions of the L1 nited States. The primary object of
the inve:,;tigation was to determin<> the number of convicts employed
in productive labor, the industries in whi<·h thPy were at work, the
systems under which their work was done, the value of their luhor,
the value of the product turned out by them, and the commercial
effect, of the competition of convict-made goods.
The report, so far as it relates to productive labor perfom1ed by
inmates of penal and reformatory institutions in the United Statei;, is
nearly exhaustive, as it includes all such institutions except those in
which the value of productive labor during the year was less thrm
$1,000. The chapter on penal and reformatory laws is exhaustive
within the scope of the subject treated. In all other m,pe<•t..-, the
figures and other data presented are representative 011ly, as the investigation was not extended to those in1stitntions in which no productive
labor wa,, pe,rformed or to those imititutionH in wbieh the value of
productive labor during the year was li•ss than $1,000.
The data for each ini,,:titution co,·er a period of one year, heing the
fiscal year ending at varying dates during the latter part of the year
1903 or during 1904.
Reports were secured from 1i total of 296 institutions, of which
number 257 were penal institutions and ;19 juvenile reformatories. In
the 296 institutions there was found to be a daily average of 86,036.4
convicts in confinement during the year. Of thi1s number 74,771.7
were in penal institutions and 11,264.7 in juvenile reformatories.
The Burea1t during the year published the third report, upon the
commereial, industrial, social. educational, and sanitary condition of the
laboring cl8.S8es of the Territory of Hawaii. This 1·eport was prepared
in accordance with the provisions of "An act to provide a government
for the Territory of Hawaii," ame.nded April 8, Ul04.
During the past year the Bulletin of the Bureau was i1ssued regularly every other month. For the fiscal year the is:mes were Nos. 59,
60, and 61 of volume 11, and Nos. fi2, 63, and 64 of volume 12. The
Bulletin has contained, in 11ddition to one or more special articles in
each number, dige1sts of recent reports of State lHu·eaus of labor statisties, digests of recent foreign statisti<"al publiention1s, decisions of
court~ affecting labor, and law8 of various States relating to labor.

Digitized by

Google

16

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY 01!' COMMERCE AND LABOR.

The special articles included in the foregoing numbers of the Bulletin
are as follows:
Bulletin 59 treated of" Wages and hours of labor in manufacturing
industries, 1890 to 1904," •• Retail prices of food, 1890 to 1904,'' and
'• Li.ws relating to child labor in European countries." The artides
on wages and hours of labor and on retail prices of food are the beginning of a regular series of bulletin article1-, to be published annually,
supplementing nnd continuing, re:;pectively, the nineteenth annual
report on wages and hours of lahor, 1890 to 1903, and that portion of
the eighteenth annual report which relates to retail prices of food,
1890 to 1!103.
The work of the Bureau, so far as the preparation of Bulletin 59
was concerned, was limited to collecting data for the year 1904. Data
relative to wages and hours of lahor in 1904 were secured covering 350
occupations and from a total number of 3,732 estublishments engaged
in 42 indm,tries. The compilation of retail pricei,; of food included
6,760 schedules or sto.tenwnts of prices from 1,064 firms doing business
in the principal industrial localities in -10 Stat.es, including the District
of Columbia. The third article in this Bulletin is a resume of the laws
regulating child lahor in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Great
Britain, Italy, and Switzerland. In <:onne(·tion with the laws, the
statistics of the employment of children 11.re ginin as far as available.
Bulletin {lO contained articles on "Government industrial arbitration" and "The eight-hour law aud enforced labor contra.di,; in the
Panama Canal Zone.,. The fir:,;t of tlwse artil·les i:-1 a statistical account
of laws and their results. Within its :,;cop<' are includ<>d
laws in
any land which have bePn Pntu:tPd for the purpose of prO\·iding means
for the settlement of collPctive industrial disputP:,;. Both thP p,-:,;pnt.ial
features of such laws nnd the important. facts as to their opemtion nre
presented.
·
The article on "The eight-hour law and enfor<·Pd labor ('Ontructs in
the Panama Canal Zone'' sPts forth tlw <·onclusion rea('hed hy the
Attorney-General of the l:nited ~tates when the statutPs rcluting t.o
these two subjects were referrt>d to him for interpretation hy the
Secretary of \Var.
Bulletin 61 indmled ar.tides on "Lllbor conditions. in Porto Ri<·o ''
and '"~:arl_v organizations of printers." The fit·st artil·le is a r<'port
prepared after an im·pstigation into the labor conditions in Porto Ri<'o
and include:,; a conipilation of wa.ge:,; in th<' principal indu;;triP:<, wholesale and retail pri<'PS of n1.1·ious commoditiP:,;, and laws rPlating- to lnhor
in the i:,;lund. The ::,;pcond artiele in this Bulletin i:,; n docunwntury his. tory of th<> Parly org1mizat.ions of printer:,:.
Bulletin lit contaitwd r<'1>0rt:,; on •• ~luni<-ipnl ownership in Great
Britain," ''Conciliation in the sto,·e indu:,;tr_v.'' nnd "Lnw:,; rl•lnting to
the Pmployment of ehihlren in the U nitt-d Stat<':--." The fir:,;t artiele is

all

Digitized by

Goos le

REPORT OF THE SECRET ARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

i7

a report based on the study of the leading cities in England, Scotland,
and Ireland during the summer of 1905. The second article deals with
the conference agreement::1 and methods of conciliation which have
been in vogue since 1891 between the Iron Molders' Union of North
America and the employers' association, known as the Stove Founders'
National Defense Association. The third article in this Bulletin comprises a compilation of.the laws relating to <'hild labor, and brief statements of the poin~ determined in the judicial decisions by the higher
State courts on statute~ relating to this subject.
Bulletin 63 related to the •• Course of wholesale prices, 1890, to
1905,'' which bring:,1 down to the end of 1905 the results of the study
of the subject, publication of which was begun in the Bulletin of
March, 1902, and continued in those for the same month during 19031905. The study covers 259 series of quotations, representing all
classes of staple commodities.
Bulletin 64 referred to "Conditions of living among the poor" and
'"Benefit feature::1 of Brith;h trade unions." The first article gives the
results of an inquiry into the conditions of living which prevail among
the poor of the Di::1trict of Columbia, and is based upon data contained
in t.he household accounl:,J of 19 families. Every family included in
the study was leading a hand-to-mouth existence. The second 11.1-ticle
in this Bulletin is ba.-,ed on a study of the benefit featurei; of British
trade unions.
In addition to the preparation and completion of the foregoing
reports and bulletins, which cover the publications of the last fiscal
year, the force of the Bureau has been engaged in the collection and
preparation of data for a number of future reports and bulletim,.
The annual report for 190H will relate to strikes and lockouts. The
report will coYer i;trik<'s and lockouts during the period from 1901 to
1005, inclusive, in continuation of the reports already made covering
the period from 1881 to 1900.
LIGHT·110U8E HOARD.

The establishment, custody, and maintenance of aids to _navigation
on the Atlantic, Gulf, Lukes, Pacific, and the great rirnr coasts, as well
as those in the wateri, about the Midway L-:lnnd!s, Porto Hico, and
Hawaii, and in the neighhorhood of the P nitf'<l States narnl reservation at Guantanamo, Cuba, together with the aids in Alaskan
waters, are assigned to the inspectors and engineers in the Hi district:,J
of the Light-House Establishment. In some cases the headquarters
of a district is thousands of miles from the limiti; of that district,
which can only hH reached hy tender:-1 under the charge of these
inspectors and engineer:,i. The Light-Houi;e Board has pointed out
the great difficulty, if not impossibility, of properly caring for
these distant aids to navigation with existing facilities, and has
194B-06-2
Digitized by

Goos le
I

18

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY O~' COMMERCE .ANJJ LABOR.

urgently requested the establishment of three additional districts;
one to comprize Hawaii and the Pacific islands, another Porto Rico
and Guantanamo, and the third the Alaskan waters, with headqmu·ters at the most convenient points for the distribution of supplies
and general work of the respectirn distrfrt.... The increase of American commerce between our insulur possesi'lions and our mainland seems
to indicate that immediate action should be' taken on these lines.
It is a matter of frequent complaint that lights maiutained by the
United States are obstrncted hy ships anchoring in such n mannn as
to prevent sueh lights hPing seen hy pn::;sing ve,;sels. While at the
present time there is no Federal law hP.aring upon the matter, se,·eral
of the States have Pnacted statutes making it unlttwful to obstruct or
interfere with aids to navigation established within their limit.'>. It
is recommended that a geneml law be past hy Congress making it
unlawful and punishable hy tine for any vessel to anchor in any na,·igahle waters of the Cnited State:. in such a manner w to obstruct or
interfere with the range lights or other aids to na,·igation established
therein.
The salaries paid light ke<>pers are insufficient. On October 1 there
were 1,580 light keepers in the Service, who received an average yearly
pay, counting allowance for fuel, etc., of $553.79, or a monthly a,·erage pay of $-!6.16 each. This is insufficient compensation for these
keepers. It is estimated that by the end of the next fiscal year the
number of light kf'epers may be increa.<1ed from 1,51'0 to 1, i50. Section 46i3 of the United States Revised Statutes proddes in effeet that
the salaries of light keepers shall not exceed an average of $600 a year
each. It is recommended that this average be increased to $700 a year
ench. The pay of light keepers should he increased by an average of
10 per cent, and this can he done if the appropriation recommended
for salaries of light keepers is made.
Quite a number of new light st.ntiom; ha,·e heen provided for by
recent legislation and are now in progress of erection. The maintenance of these stations, in addition to those already e8tahlishcd, makes
it necPssary that the appropriations therefor be increased in proportion to the increase in the numhcr of aids to navigation. Attention is
espPcially invitl'd to the necessity for largm: appropriations under the
heads of "Repairs of lig-ht-housc,a," '· Supplies of light-houses,"
"ExpPnses of huoyage," and '' ExpensPs of fog-signals." The recent
appropriations for these purpoi-es ham been drawn upon so heavily
for the maintenance of existing uid:; to na\'ig-ation that the resPrrn
stock is redu<•ed to a minimum, and the Board tind1,1 it difficult to meet
emergencies as they arise. l.'. nder these circmnstuncPs it is impractieahle to increase, ash:: desirable, the number of aids to nnvigution which
are to be established and maintained from general approprilltions, and

Digitized by

Google

REPORT OF THE SF.CRRTARY OJ<' COMMERCE AND LABOR.

19

there is much complaint by commercial interests concerning the
Board's inability to meet the increased needs of the Service in this
respect.
While a number of important items have been added to the estimates
of the Board for the ensuing fiscal year, others that have repeatedly
appeared in former estimates were omitted, the Board entertaining the
opinien that even if Congress should provide fund~ for all of the
special works required it would be unable to support the same unless
the general appropriations for the maintenance of the establishment
are largely increased.
No appropriation has been made to enable the Light-House Board
to carry out the various Executive orders imposing upon the Board the
duty of ru11intaining lights and other aids to navigation in the waters
of the Midway Islands, Guam, and the American Snmoan Islands, and
attention is invited to the n.-,eessity of providing sufficient funds to
render possible a full compliance with the President's orders. The
Board bas established a beacon light and se,•eral buoys at Midway
Islands, which were paid for from the general appropriation, but more
and better aids to na,·igation are needed, for which a special appropriation is requested.
Bt;REAU OF THE CENSUS.

The annual report of the Director of the Census reveals a large
number of statistical reports on a variety of subjects completed and
published by the Bureau during the year. Computations to obtain
the totals for the manufacturing censm1 of 1!!05 were completed in
August; the State bulletins have heen published, and man_}' of the
special industry bulletins will appear during the fall and winter. This
important industrial census covers the year 1904. It wus confined to
establishments conducted under what is known as the factory system,
thus excluding the smnll shops engaged in neighborhood industries and
hand trades. For the period elapsed from the census of moo, about four
and a half years, the gross value of manufnctured products increased
29. 7 per cent. The actual increase wa..;; almost as great as it was for
the entire preceding decade. The establishments included numbered
216,262, reporting gross products valued at $H.80~,147,087, and an
average of 5,990,072 wage-earners, salaried ofli<'ial~, and clerks.
)leasur·ed by the ,•alue of products, f>laughtering and meat packing
is the most important industry of the country; lumber and :-awmills
and timber camps girn employment on the average to the gr('ate:-t
number of wage-earners, and the flour-mill industry shows the greutest increase in the value of products.
New York, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and .Massachusetts, in the order
named, are the four leading manufacturing States, reporting 39.9 per
Digitized by

Goos le

/

20

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

cent of all establi1,1hments, 45.5 per cent of all wage-earners, and contributing 47.1 per cent of th~ total value of products.
There were i4, 180 establishments reporting a product of $100,000
and over, and while they formed only 11.2 per cent of the total number they controlled 81.5 per cent of the capital itffested, gave employment to 71.6 per cent of the wage-earners, and manufactured 79.3 per
cent of the total value of products. Of this number of establishment8, 1,889 reported a product of $1,000,000 and over, employing a
total of 1,379,120 wage-earners, or 25.2 per cent of all wageearners enumerated, and contributing a gros::! value of products of
i5,62i,i43,120, or 38 per cent of all.
The average number of wage-earners employed during the busiest
months, tieptember, October, and November, amounted to 5,625,542,
exceeding the average number for the entire year by 155,221. Of the
total number of wage-earners 77.6 per cent were men, rn.5 per cent
we1·e women, and 2. 9 per cent children. The average number of l'hildren employed in manufactures decreased from 161,2'75 in 1900 to
159,899 in 1905. A decrea:-ce in the employment of children is shown
for 25 State~ and Territories and an increase in 26. The gr",att•st
number ,vere employed in the manufacture of cotton goods. Pennsylvania ranks first and Massachusetts second in tile employment of
children in manufacttn·e8. The greate.st number of women and children are employed in the cities having a population of 8,000 and over,
and the greatest increase in their employment is shown for the same
cities.
The Director makes the grntifying announcement that in five additionnl States of the Union-Cnlifornia, Colorado, )Jaryland, Pennsylvania, and South Dakota-the htw~ for the registrat.ion of death8 have
lx-Pn so perfel't<·d and ar(' :-o thoroly enforced that. they have been
added to the rPgi:-tmtion urea eorered hy the annual 11101·tnlity n•ports
of the Census Bureau. E1t,,·e11 StutC's, including the Distriet of Columbia, ttnd 123 munidpalities outside of reg·i:-tration Stat.es ham hitherto
comprized the areas so inclmlPd. The important :-tep now taken
inen•a:-.Ps hy ucarly one-fifth the area con•red by the <•(m:-.us mortality
rPp<>rt.-;, and will corrpspondingly increase th<>ir valu<'. W hl•n the cPnsus
of 1\100 wns tnhn the n·gi:-tmtion area indudC'd but 4:0.5 per cent of
the total popul1ttion, hut this pen·Pntag(\ hns now ndrnrwed to 48.5 pet·
<'Pnt (ncl·ording- to the Cl'n:-us of HIOO), or a total of 3H,H46,!l8l. This
g-mtifying progrPss is YPry lnrgely dm' to the earnest and :-y:-.tC'mutic
propug-:rnda whh-h has been madt\ po:-,.;ihlc by the estahli:-.hnwnt of n permanent Census BurPau, and indimks tlw npproach of the tinw wh<'n our
vitul statistil'>-, hitherto mor<> <kli<"iPnt than 'those of uny othl'r co1111t.ry
of like dvilization, will take rank with thP most tru,-twOl't.hy. lfo:-ults
of the grcnte,-t medical. :,;1mihtry. and scientitic mine lll'P certain to follow. Attention is called to the fact that there is no strictly Southern
Digitized by

Goos le

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF COlDlERCE AND LABOR.

21

State in which efficient ~tate registration laws exi:st. Be<1luse of the
presence of a large negro population, and by re8$0D of climatic differences, it i:-; highly important that registration should be undertaken in
this section of the l' nion; and it is earnestlv hoped that the mowment
for proper legislation now under way ·•n· st:veral of the &uthern
~tates may hear fruit befo1·e the Thirteenth Census.
Attention is called to the wide interest aroused hv the annual
reports of the Bure8U of the O>nsus upon municipal tinan.cial stati:,;tics.
In February last a i,econd conference of municipal <'omptrollers, auditors. and treasurers, was held in Washington, to furth<'r <·onsid<'r the
methods of the Bureau of the Census in compiling uniform nnrni<'ipal
statistics and :,;tandardizing the classilication of municipal expenditures.
This se<·ond confer1'n<'e was h,rg~l.r attended, and among its gmtifying
result-i was an apprornl of the classification and definitions of nnmicipal finance in use in the Census Bureau, and the pennanent org-anizit•
tion of the fiscal ofticns of the <-ities thruout the <·ountry for the
purpose of bringing •· into closer r<>lationship with <>1wh oth<'r the
finance department-. of the .American muni<'ipalitit•s thru th1• interchange of ex1wrien<'e in thf' ..:olution of administrntin problems, and
to more efticit>ntly coop<>rate with the Bureau of the C<'nsus in its
great work of compiling uniform muni<'ipnl stati:,tics."
The inereasing value of these annual municipal r<>ports of the Bureau
may be inferred from the fact that t.he indchte<lne:-s of the.130 American cities containing 30,000 inhahitants or oyer had r<'ached the enormom; tobtl of Sl,~2S.illi,ll8:3 in l!)O!, nn increni-e of $110,083,7!17 over
the previous year. .Adding to thi..: :-um the ind<>ht<•dnPs>1 of <'iti<>s containing a. population lietw1•cn 8.000 and 30,000, whi<'h was ~173,71H,!H3
in rno:-3, it appears proliahlt• that t.lw total muni<'ipal indehtednPs1'1 il!I
to-day in exce:-;s of ll:il.H00,000,000-n :mm gr<'itt<>r than the comhincd
indebtednei-s of the National, State, and county gov<'rnm<>nt-.. The1-1e
figure..'! emphasize the importan<'e of the movement now under full
headway, and eentering around and inspirf.'d hy the:-e annual municipal
reports of the Bureau, to standardize the debt statements and the
expense accounts of all our citit>s, so that exact compnri:-ons can he
made from year to yenr of the reluth-e eost of municipal gov<'rnment.,
in cities of like size in ea<'h item of expenditure. Tlw usP thnt hns
been made of these puhlieations in many parts of the country to clwck
and correct undue extravagance or economy, for 1-1chool, tire, poli<-e,
pavement, and othn municipal expenditur1•,;, indi<"ntes ,•pry pl1tinly
that they are destined to hecome. as 1wrfe<'ted nod <'Xtendf'd, th<> most
important agency we have for bringing about <'ffi<'i1•11t, eff<'l'tiYe, and
economical municipal government. Alread_r over sa pPr cf'nt of the
American people reside in citic:-1, and the proportion is rapidly irwr<'nsing. As in many other dire<'lions, it i:-1 a prohlem wbne puhlicity is
the most effective method of developing and <·orrecting ahus<•l-1; and
Digitized by

Goos le

22

REPORT OF THE SlWRETARY OF COMMERCE AND LABOR.

from this point of view, I regard the annual municipal statistics of
the Bureau of the Census as of great value in the future progress of
the nation.
'
Recent legislation has authorized the Bureau of the Census to undertake a number of important investigations not contemplawd in the
original censu8 ad, which will keep its clerical force fully occupied
until the Thirteenth Census. It has already begun field work ou several of these im·estigations. Among them is the report on marriage
and <lirnrce, authorized by the act of February 9, l!J05, which will he
a continuation of the twenty-year 1·cport on these subjects compiled
by the Bureau of Lahor in 1887. Two hundred clerks, sent into the
field during the past summer, have ahstrat'ted the di,·oree records in
the couros of the principal cities. A portion of these derks will continue their work in each of the 2,800 counties of the United States.
They will ul:;o examine t-be court re(·ords to abstract the du.ta required
for the report on eriminnl judicial statistics, authorized by the act of
Congress appron•d ,Jmw 5, HIO;'i. This will he the fir:st report of its
kind ernr compiled in this country, and it will elidt stati:stics of the
high<':4 so<'iologieal rnlue and importance.
Othl•r reporl:s upon whi<'h the Burt'llll hnsalread_y entered, or is about
to enter, nre the census of religioui- hodies, the d1ita for which will be
chiefly eolle<'ted hy correspondence: nnd the den•1mial census of transportation by wa!t't', whieh will he tnkPn as of the year 11106. A decennial
cen:ms of thP express }m,,;inPss is also required hy law, and armngements lmve heen 1wrfectl-d wlwrPhy thi:-. report will be mnde in collaboration und coopemtion with the lntt·rstatc Co1111ner<•e Commission,
which is gfren jurisdietion o,·er the expre:,;s companies h,r the railroad
rate law of the Inst session of <.'ongre1-s. B,r su<'h un nrrangement the
duplication of statistical reports on this subject will he arnided.
Anoth<•r tiel<l in whid1 l'oop<>rntion between bureaus becomes po:-sible
is that of thP el•nsu,-; of tlH' fi:-heriPs industries, authorized hy the last
se::::-ion of C'ongresi-, "in <·oopemtion with the Bureau of Fishel'ies."
Plans hit\'<' hPen pPrfectcd wlwreh~· the Bureau of the Census and the
Bnrcuu of J<'i,-lu•ril's will join fon:es in compiling this report, the technieal knowlP<lge of the one hurcau hcing- utilizNl in connection with
the trained statistical fort·c of the other. It is plnmwd to cover the
statistics of the yenr lUOi in this census of the tisherie:..
By un armngement with tlu~ Fon•,-t ~etTice of the Department of
Agrieulture, nnd nt its :suggestion. the Bureau of the Census will hereaft.er t'Ompile the a11111ml statistic:; of the cut of lumher required by
that Spn•iee. utilizing· for such purpos<' the datn nnd maehinery acquired
in eonucction with the fi,·e·_r<•tu· ecnsusc:, of the lumher manufncture.
Hen• again duplication of statisti<'nl work will Le avoided an<l unity
and harmony in the Go,·Prnment figures secm·e<l.

Digitized by

Goos le

REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF Co:M)IERCE AND LABOR.

23

These are concrete examples of the practicability of the plan of
Congress to gradually concentrate the statistical work of the Government. There have been prndi<'able difficulties in the way of such a
concentration, which ha,·e prcrnnted rapid progress in that direction,
but succes:sive steps may be looked for until the evolution is finally
effected.
The Director calls attention to the semimonthly cotton-ginning
reports of the census, to the efforts to improrn their accuracy, and to
their value to the growers. But he indicate:s that the ginning statistics of produetion for the last crop yenr, when t('sted by the stath!tics
of consumption, are found to be considerably short of the actual crop.
While some portion of this error may be due to inefficient agcnL"I, the
bulk of it mm;t come from the failure of individual ginners to make a
true return of their output. The rnlue of these ginning stntil!tics
depends altogether upon their accuracy. \\'hen the public ceases to
have confidence in them, it will no longer be worth while to spend
money for their· collection and compilation. As an additional safeguard the Director recommends that the law he ame11dcd so ll!S to make
these reports compulsory, with penalties for refusul to supply correct
information. I commend this recommeudation to the attention of
Congress.
The Director'!! report indicates that the Bureau has Leen able to
keep well abrea8t. of iL"I work, notwithstanding that its clerical force
has been gradually reduced, the pay roll for the present fiscal year
being $717,020, as compared with an nppropriation of $7 45, itiO for la.st
year and $818,!➔24.im in 1903, the tir:-;t year of the establishment of the
permanent office, showing a total reduction in the ann~al salary roll
in five years of something more than :tilO0,0oo. But attention is called
to the fact that Congress is constantly iner<>asing the work of the
Bureau, thus mnking it impmisible to rpduce the fol'C(' to the extent
that appeared probable when the Bureau wa:; c:-tahlished. The total
cost of additional work assig1wd the permnnent Bureau, of II kind that
ne\·er fell to the office when it was temporarily organi:t.('d for the faking of the decennial censuses. has twen approximately :i-:!,1100,000, the
semimonthly cotton-ginning reports alo1w having <"<>st 84S!I, 7i8.18
to date.
COAST A:-;D GEODETIC Sl'.RYF.Y.

The amount appropriated for the Coitst and Geod<>tic Survey for
the fiscal year IH06 wa.~ ~876,H75, of which Sil0,~45 wn:; for manning and equipping the vesi'-els of the Surny, ~:,4,G00 for repairs
and maintenance of V<'s,cls, nn<l ~.'.i0,000 for oHice t>Xpen:;('8. The
remainder of the appropriation was nhout equally divided luitween
expenses of parties in the field and salarie:-; of fiPld nnd office forces.

Digitized by

Goos le