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Analysis of Work Stoppages Bulletin No. 1460 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Arthur M. Ross, Commissioner BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS REGIONAL OFFICES Analysis of Work Stoppages 1964 Bulletin No. 1460 T ren d s • Size and D u ra tio n Indu stries and L o ca litie s A ffe cte d • • Issues D etails o f M ajor S top pages C h ro n o lo g y o f N ational E m erg en cy D ispute October 1965 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTIC S A r th u r M. Ross, C o m m is s io n e r For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2 040 2 - Price 40 cents. P refa ce This bulletin presents a detailed statistical analy sis of work stoppages in 1964, continuing an annual feature of the Bureau of Labor Statistics program in the field of industrial relation s. P relim in a ry monthly estim ates of the level of strike (or lockout) activity for the United States as a whole are issued about 30 days after the end of the month of referen ce and are available on request. P r e lim inary estim ates for the entire year are available at the y e a r ’ s end; selected final tabulations are issued in the spring of the following year. A chronology of the shipping industry dispute, in which the em ergency provisions of the T a ft-H a rtle y A ct w ere invoked by P residen t Johnson in 1964, is presented in appendix B. The methods used in preparing statistics are described in appendix C. work stoppage The Bureau w ishes to acknowledge the cooperation of em ployers and em ployer a sso cia tio n s, labor unions, the F ed eral Mediation and Conciliation S e rvice, and various State agencies in furnishing information on work stoppages. This bulletin was prepared by Edward D. Onanian under the direction of Joseph W . Bloch, in the Bureau's Division of Industrial and Labor Relations, under the gen eral direction of L. R. L insen m ayer, A ssista n t C o m m is sioner for W ages and Industrial R elations. Dixie L . King prepared the chronology which appears in appendix B. iii Contents P age S u m m a r y ____________________________________________________________________________________ T ren d s in w ork s to p p a g e s _______________________________________________________________ C ontract s t a tu s ____________________________________________________________________________ S ize o f stop p ages___________________________________________________________________________ Type of em p loyer u n it____________________________________________________________________ D u r a tio n _____________________________________________________________________________________ M a jo r i s s u e s ______________________________________________________________ Industries a ffected _________________________________________________________________________ Stoppages by lo c a tio n _____________________________________________________________________ R e g io n s __________________________________________________________________________________ S ta te s_____________________________________________________________________________________ M etropolitan a r e a s ____________________________________________________________________ M onthly tren d s_____________________________________________________________________________ Unions involved____________________________________________________________________________ M ediation____________________________________________________________________________________ S ettlem ent___________________________________________________________________________________ P ro ced u re fo r handling u n settled i s s u e s ______________________________________________ T a b le s: 1. W ork stoppages in the United S tates, 1927—64_________________________________ 2. W ork stoppages involving 1 0 ,0 0 0 w o rk e rs or m o r e , selec ted p e r io d s _________________________________________________________________ 3. W o rk stoppages by m onth, 1963—64____________________________________________ 4. W ork stoppages by contract status and m a jo r i s s u e s , 1 9 6 4 _______________ 5. M a jo r is s u e s involved in w ork stoppages, 1964_____________________________ 6. W ork stoppages by industry group, 1964---------------------------------------------------------7. W ork stoppages by re g io n , 1964 and 1 9 6 3 ------------------------------------------------------8. W ork stoppages by State, 1964----------------------------------------------------------------------------9. W o rk stoppages by m etrop olitan a r e a , 1 9 6 4 --------------------------------------------------10. W o rk stoppages by affiliation of unions involved, 1 9 6 4 ____________________ 11. W o rk stoppages by contract status and s iz e of stoppage, 1 9 6 4 ___________ 12. W ork stoppages by num ber of estab lish m en ts involved, 1964_____________ 13. W ork stoppages involving 10, 000 w o rk e rs or m o re beginning in 1964________________________________________________________________ 14. W ork stoppages by duration and contract status ending in 1 9 6 4 __________ 15. M ediation in w ork stoppages by contract status ending in 1964__________ 16. Settlem ent of stoppages by contract status ending in 1964_________________ 17. P ro c e d u re for handling un settled issu e s in w ork stoppages by contract status ending in 1964--------------------------------------------------------------------C hart. T ren d s in w ork sto p p a g es, 1964---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 2 3 3 4 5 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 10 11 11 12 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 24 25 26 27 2 A ppend ixes: A. B. C. T a b le s— W ork stoppages: A - 1. W ork stoppages by industry, 1 9 6 4 ---------------------------------------------------------A - 2 . W ork stoppages by industry group and m a jo r is s u e s , 1964----------A - 3. W ork stoppages in States having 25 stoppages or m o r e by industry group, 1964------------------------------------------------------------------------A - 4 . W o rk stoppages by industry group and contract statu s, 1 9 6 4 ------ 40 C hronology— The A tlan tic and G ulf C oast L o n g sh o re m e n 's strik e , 1 9 6 4 -6 5 ___________________________________________________________________________ 43 S cope, m eth o d s, and d e fin itio n s----------------------------------------------------------------------- 51 v 28 31 35 Analysis of Work Stoppages, 1964 o n e -s ix th o f the 1964 tota l, but a ccou n ted a la r g e r p ro p o rtio n o f the y e a r 's w o r k e r id le n e s s to ta ls . Six m a jo r stop p a ges, clu din g the G en eral M o to rs strik e , w e re clu d ed in this grou p . Su m m ary A ll m e a s u r e s o f strik e a ctiv ity in 1964 r o s e above the re la tiv e ly low le v e ls o f the p re ce d in g 4 y e a r s , but re m a in ed su bstan tially b elow the a v era g e fo r the p ostw a r p e rio d . A total o f 3, 655 w ork stop p a g es, 1 in volvin g 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , began in 1964. Id len ess resu ltin g fr o m stopp ages in e ffe c t during the y e a r tota led 2 2 .9 m illio n m a n -d a y s , o r 0 .1 8 p e rce n t o f the estim a ted total w ork in g tim e o f the n on a g ricu ltu ra l w ork f o r c e (e x c lu s iv e o f gov ern m en t). S trik es begin n ing in 1964 w e re d ivid ed about eq u a lly betw een m an ufactu rin g and non m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s, with the fo r m e r grou p a ccou n tin g fo r th r e e -fifth s o f t h e .w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and slig h tly m o r e than tw o -th ird s o f total id le n e s s . A s a co n se q u e n ce o f fiv e m a jo r s trik e s by au tom obile w o r k e r s , the tra n sp o rta tio n equipm ent in d u strie s su stain ed the g r e a te s t volu m e o f id le n e s s during the y e a r ( 6 .4 m illio n m a n -d a y s). Strike id le n e ss during the f ir s t tw o -th ird s o f 1964 continued at the low le v e l o f the p r e ced in g y e a r, on ly to r is e sh a rp ly during the final 4 m onths o f the y e a r . T h is la tter p e rio d w itn essed the start o f 10 o f the y e a r ’ s 18 m a jo r stopp ages (s tr ik e s in v olv in g 10, 000 w o rk e rs o r m o r e ), in clu d in g the y e a r 's la r g est s t r i k e — the 4 5 -d a y nationw ide walkout against the G en era l M otors C o rp . , 2 w hich at its height in v o lv e d m o r e than a q u a rter o f a m illio n w o r k e r s . A ls o beginning during the fin al th ird o f the y e a r was the A tlan tic and Gulf C oast lo n g s h o r e m e n 's dispute in w hich the "n ation al e m e r g e n c y " p r o v is io n s o f the T a ft-H a r tle y A ct w e r e in voked . The latter stoppage was re s u m e d in 1965, 3 w eek s after the e x p ira tio n o f the 80-d a y in ju n ction , and w as the on ly one o f the m a jo r s trik e s to c o n tinue into 1965. (A c h r o n o lo g y o f this dispute a pp ears as appendix B .) T ren d s in W ork Stoppages W ork stopp a ges beginning in 1964 w hich in v o lv e d as m any as s ix w o r k e r s and la s te d a fu ll day o r sh ift, o r lo n g e r, tota led 3 ,6 5 5 , 9 p e rce n t g r e a te r than the 1963 to ta l, and the h igh est fig u re r e c o r d e d sin ce 1959 (table 1). The n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in th ese s trik e s (1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 ) w as 74 p e rce n t h igh er than the p ostw a r low r e c o r d e d in the p r e c e d ing y e a r. T h ese strik e p a rticip a n ts r e p r e sented 3 .4 p e rc e n t o f the total n on a g ricu ltu ra l w ork f o r c e (e x c lu s iv e o f gov ern m en t), again the high est fig u re sin ce 1959. The n u m ber o f s trik e s beginning in 1964 w hich in v o lv e d as m any as 1, 000 w o r k e r s (246) w as su bstan tia lly h igh er than the p o s t w ar low o f 181 r e c o r d e d in 1963. The a v e r age d u ration o f s trik e s ending during the y ea r (22. 9 days) was slig h tly lo w e r than in 1963, but stopp a ges con tin u ed to rem a in long by p ostw ar stan d ards. A s in the p re c e d in g y e a r, m o r e than tw o -fifth s o f the s trik e s beginning in 1964 o c c u r r e d during the re n eg otia tion o f a g r e e m en ts, and 36 p e rc e n t took p la ce w hile a g r e e m ents w e re in e ffe c t. D em ands fo r gen era l w age ch an ges a n d /o r su pp lem en ta ry b en efits w e re the m a jo r is s u e s in a p p rox im a tely tw ofifth s o f the y e a r 's stop p a g es. S trik es o v e r m a tte rs o f plant a d m in istra tion con stitu ted * * The terms "work stoppage" and "strike" are used inter changeably in this bulletin. Strikes, in this special use, would thus include lockouts. ^ The General Motors Corp. was involved in two major strikes in 1964, the nationwide stoppage and one confined to the State of Michigan. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent references in this bulletin are to the former stoppage. fo r and in in 1 Id len ess re su ltin g f r o m all s trik e s in e f f e c t in 1964 am ounted to 2 2 .9 m illio n m a n -d a y s, o r 0. 18 p e rce n t o f e stim a te d total w orkin g t i m e in n on a g ricu ltu ra l e s ta b lis h m en ts (e x c lu s iv e o f go v e rn m e n t). The i d l e n e ss total was 42 p e rc e n t g r e a te r than the p ostw ar low re a ch e d in 1963, but su bstan tia lly b elow t h e 1947— 63 a v e ra g e o f 31. 3 m illio n m a n -d a y s . D esp ite the in c r e a s e d strik e a ctiv ity in 1964, the 5 -y e a r p e r io d w h ich it brou gh t to a c lo s e w as, in re la tiv e te r m s , one o f s u s tained in d u stria l p e a c e , p a r a lle le d in nonw ar y e a rs on ly during the G reat D e p r e s s io n . As the fo llo w in g tabu lation in d ica te s, strik e i d l e n e ss a v e ra g e d 0. 16 p e rc e n t o f the e stim a te d total w ork in g tim e during the 1960— 64 p e rio d , as co m p a re d with 0. 30 and 0. 34 p e rce n t d u r ing the 1955—59 and 1950—54 p e r io d s , r e s p e c tiv e ly . The a v e ra g e n u m ber o f s trik e s and o f w o r k e r s d ir e c tly in v o lv e d in them w e re a lso su bstan tia lly lo w e r during the 1960— 64 p e rio d than in e ith e r o f the two p re c e d in g 5 -y e a r p e r io d s . 2 _________ Annual averages__________ Chart. Trends in W ork Stoppages, 1964 1950-54 [Semilog scale] 1955-59 4 ,6 5 1 Work stoppages--------------------Workers involved----------------- 2 ,4 2 0 ,0 0 0 Man-days of idleness----------- 3 4 ,3 4 0 ,0 0 0 Percent of estimated total working t i m e ----------0. 34 1 960-64 3 ,8 4 4 3 ,4 6 6 1 ,9 7 6 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 1 6 ,0 0 0 3 4 ,1 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 8 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0 0. 30 0. 16 C on tra ct Status The d istrib ution of w or k stoppages in 1964 by co n tr a c t status fo llo w e d the sam e pattern as in 1963. Stoppages o c c u r r i n g in 1964 during the ren eg otia tion of a g re e m e n ts amounted to 44 p e rc e n t of the total, while those a risin g during the t e r m of a g re e m e n ts r e p r e s e n t e d 36 p e rc e n t of all s tr ik e s . D is putes o c c u r r i n g during the negotiation o f the initial a g reem en t or in the u nion’ s quest f o r re c o g n itio n led to 18 p erc en t o f the y e a r ' s total. The p ro p o rtio n s of stoppages and i d l e n e s s, by co n tr a c t status, in the 1962— 64 p e r io d appear in the follow in g tabulation: __ __________ Percent of— Man-days of idleness Stoppages 1962 1963 A ll stoppages----------------Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition--------------------------Renegotiation of agree ment (expiration or reopening)--------------------------During term of agree ment (negotiation of new agreement not in volved )----------------------------Other--------------------------------------Insufficient information to classify----------------------------- _________ 1964 1962 1963 1964 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 16.8 18.1 17.7 6.6 7.0 6.5 48.3 43.4 44.1 80.3 81.6 83.2 29.8 2.5 35.8 1.9 36.1 1.6 12.2 .5 11.1 .2 9.9 .3 2.5 .9 .5 .4 .1 .1 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Strikes w h i c h began while a g re e m e n ts w e r e in e ffe c t in v olv ed 28 p e rc e n t of all w o r k e r s , but, b e c a u s e of their r e la t iv e ly short duration (an a vera ge of 9. 1 days), a ccounted fo r only 10 p e rc e n t of total strike i d le n e s s . In t e r m s o f s iz e, 54 p e rc e n t of these stoppages in v olv ed fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s , while 7 p e rc e n t in v o lv e d as many as 1, 000 w o r k e r s each. The la r g e m a jo r i t y of these s m a lle r strik es o c c u r r e d in the c o n s tr u c tio n industry; s e v e r a l o f the l a r g e r ones took p la ce in the tr a n s p o r ta tio n equipment industry. Job s e c u rity o r plant a dm in istration m a tters w e r e the p rin c ip a l i s s u e s in 47 p e rc e n t of these s to p pages, while another third re s u lte d f r o m i n terunion o r intraunion disputes (table 4). 3 S trik es o c c u r r in g during the re n eg otia tion o f a g reem en ts in v olv ed m o r e than tw o -th ird s o f all w o r k e r s and w e re r e s p o n s ib le fo r fiv e -s ix t h s o f tota l strik e id le n e s s during the yea r. A s in 1963, m o r e than fo u r -fifth s o f th ese stopp a ges re s u lte d fr o m d ispu tes o v e r g e n e ra l w age ch an ges a n d /o r su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits. Issu es rela tin g to jo b s e c u r ity o r plant a d m in istra tion accou n ted fo r 8 p e rce n t o f all re n eg otia tion s tr ik e s , but they ca u sed 43 p e rc e n t o f the id le n e s s resu ltin g fr o m such sto p p a g es, la r g e ly b e ca u s e they in clu d ed the G en era l M o to rs s trik e . M ore than o n e -fo u rth o f the ren e g o tia tio n dispu tes o c c u r r e d in c o n s tru ctio n and tra d e. Since 85 p e rc e n t o f the 646 stopp ages o c c u r r in g during the e sta b lish m en t o f a c o l le c tiv e b argain in g rela tion sh ip in v o lv e d fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s ea ch , th ese stopp ages a c counted fo r on ly 4 p e rc e n t o f the total num ber o f w o r k e r s p a rticip a tin g in s trik e s and fo r 6 . 5 p e rce n t o f tota l id le n e s s . O nly nine s to p pages in this c a te g o r y in v olv ed as m any as 1 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , the la r g e s t o f w hich was a m a jo r strik e in the p ap er in d u stry . 3 As w ould be e x p ected , the a v era g e d uration o f th ese stopp a ges (4 1 .7 days) w as su bstan tia lly h igh er than the a v era g e fo r all s trik e s ending in 1964. D ispu tes o v e r union o rg a n iza tion and s e c u r ity accou n ted fo r m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f th ese stop p a g es, w hile another 27 p e rce n t re s u lte d fr o m d e m a n d s fo r gen era l wage ch an ges o r su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits. S ize o f S toppages S trik es in v olv in g 1, 000 w o r k e r s o r m o r e o c c u r r e d with g r e a te r fr e q u e n c y and im p a ct than in 1963. The 246 stopp a ges o f su ch m a g nitude a ccou n ted fo r 7 p e rc e n t of all s trik es in 1964, but in v o lv e d a lm o st th r e e -fo u r th s o f 3 This stoppage involved the Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers and the newly formed Independent Association of Western Pulp and Paper Workers. The developments leading to the strike were as follows: In May 1964, the Inter national Brotherhood of Pulp, Sulphite, and Paper Mill Workers and the United Papermakers and Paperworkers— two unions which had been serving as bargaining agents for the production employees of the Association's member firms— negotiated a new 1-year agreement to replace that scheduled to expire at the end of the month. This agreement was rejected by the rank and file, an action reportedly resulting more from dissension within the unions than from dissatisfaction with the contract provisions. The inde pendent union formed by the dissident group within the established unions petitioned the NLRB for a representation election in June 1964. In the election which was held in September, this union polled a majority of the votes and was certified as bargaining agent. The work stoppage, which began in mid-November, oc curred during the independent union's efforts to negotiate its initial agreement with the employer association. Since there had been a change in bargaining agents, and since the strike occurred while the new union was striving to negotiate its first agreement, the stoppage was classified for statistical pur poses as one arising during the negotiation of the initial agree ment, rather than as a contract renegotiation dispute. all w o r k e r s p a rticip a tin g in s trik e s and w e re re s p o n s ib le fo r a lik e p r o p o r tio n o f total strik e id le n e s s (table 11). In the p re c e d in g y e a r , when a p ostw ar lo w o f 181 such s to p p ages was r e c o r d e d , t h e y accou n ted fo r 54 p e rce n t o f all w o r k e r s and 62 p e rc e n t of total strik e id le n e s s . Of th ese la r g e stop p a ges, 18 in v o lv e d as m any as 10, 000 w o r k e r s each; 7 such strik e s w e re r e c o r d e d in 1963, and an a v e r age o f 16 f o r the 1954—63 p e rio d (table 2). T h ese stopp a ges in 1964 in v o lv e d a total o f 607, 000 w o r k e r s and re s u lte d in a p p ro x i m a te ly 8 m illio n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . The la r g e s t stoppage during the y e a r was a 4 5 - day (in tersta te) strik e against the G en eral M otors C o rp . (table 13). E ach o f the oth er lead in g a u tom obile m a n u fa ctu re rs— F o r d , C h r y s le r , and A m e r ic a n M o to rs — was a lso in v o lv e d in a m a jo r stoppage in 1964. A m ong the oth er m a jo r s trik e s w e re two stopp a ges against the C a te r p illa r T r a c to r C o. ; two in v olv in g c o n stru ctio n w o r k e r s in Ohio; an in te rsta te b itu m in ous co a l s t r i k e ; a 2 -d a y " r e c e s s " by s ch o o l te a ch e rs in Utah; and the A tlan tic and Gulf C oast lo n g s h o r e m e n ’ s dispu te. The lo n g s h o re m e n 's strik e was the on ly m a jo r sto p page to continue into 1965. At the oth er e x tr e m e , 2, 131 stoppages in v olv in g fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s ea ch a c cou n ted fo r a p p ro x im a te ly th r e e -fifth s o f all s trik e s beginning in 1964, thus continuing the pattern o f re c e n t y e a r s . W hile sig n ifican t in n u m ber, th ese stopp ages a ccou n ted fo r le s s than 6 p e rc e n t o f total strik e id le n e ss during the y e a r . T h irty p e rc e n t o f th ese s m a lle r strik e s o c c u r r e d in the co n s tr u c tio n in d u stry, w hile another 11 p e rc e n t o c c u r r e d in w h o le sale and re ta il tra d e . In the la tte r group, th ese stopp ages r e p r e s e n te d fo u r -fifth s o f all s trik e s beginning in 1964. A s in 1963, 78 p e rc e n t o f all strik e s b e ginning in 1964 w e re co n fin e d to sin gle e s ta blish m en ts (table 12). T h ese stop p a ges, h o w e v e r, a ccou n ted fo r s m a lle r p ro p o rtio n s o f the w o rk e r and id le n e s s tota ls than in the p re ce d in g y e a r . At the oth er e x tr e m e , s trik e s in v olv in g 11 esta b lish m e n ts o r m o r e r e p r e sented on ly 4 p e rc e n t o f the total, but a c cou n ted fo r m o r e than tw o -fifth s o f strik e id le n e s s during t h e y e a r . Included in the la tte r grou p w as the G en eral M o to rs strik e . Type o f E m p lo y e r Unit Single e m p lo y e r s op era tin g one e s ta b lis h m ent o r m o r e w e re in v o lv e d in 86 p e rce n t o f all w ork stopp ages begin n ing in 1964. Of the rem ain in g s tr ik e s , 309, o r 8 p e rce n t o f the y e a r 's tota l, in v olv ed two e m p lo y e rs o r m o r e 4 who w e re m e m b e r s o f a fo r m a l a s s o c ia tio n . T h ese la tter stopp a ges a ccou n ted fo r 22 and 20 p e rc e n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly , o f the y e a r 's w o rk e r and id le n e s s to ta ls . Stoppages beginning in 1964 Type of employer unit A ll stoppages---------------Single establishment or more than 1 but under the same ownership or management — 2 employers or more— no indication of a formal association or joint bargaining arrangement-----2 employers or more in a formal association-------------- Man-days idle Workers during 1964 Number involved (all stoppages) 3,655 1,640,000 22,900,000 3,154 1 ,220,000 Of the a s s o c ia tio n stop p a ges w h ich o c c u r r e d ou tsid e o f the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u stry, at le a s t seven in v o lv e d ele m e n ts o f both a strik e and a lo ck o u t. 5 In e a c h in sta n ce , strik e a ctio n again st one o r m o r e m e m b e rs o f the a s s o c ia t io n le d to a shutdown by som e o r all o f the re m a in in g m e m b e r s . T h ese situ ation s in v o lv e d a total o f a p p ro x im a te ly 33, 000 w o r k e r s and re s u lte d in a p p ro x im a te ly 870, 000 m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . F o u r o f th ese stopp ages o c c u r r e d in tra d e , w hile the r e m ain ing th re e in v o lv e d f ir m s en gaged in the m an ufactu rin g o f fo o d and k in d red p ro d u cts . 17,700,000 D u ration 192 56,300 498,000 309 364,000 4,690,000 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Since the su b je ct o f c o lle c t iv e bargain in g by e m p lo y e r a s s o c ia tio n s was under c o n g r e s sion a l scru tin y in 1964, 4 the B ureau studied the c h a r a c t e r is t ic s o f the 309 w ork stoppages in v o lv in g su ch grou p s during the y e a r . Ap p ro x im a te ly tw o -th ird s o f th ese stop p a ges, in v o lv in g 45 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k e r s , o c c u r r e d in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u stry . F ou r in d u stry g ro u p s— tr a n s p o rta tio n a n d com m u n ica tion , tra d e , s e r v i c e s , and fa b rica te d m eta l p arts— a ccou n ted f o r m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f the rem a in in g a s s o c ia t io n stop p a g es. W ith r e g a r d to ex istin g co n tra ctu a l r e l a tio n sh ip s , the la r g e m a jo r ity o f th ese sto p p ages (92 p e r c e n t ) o c c u r r e d during the re n e g o tia tio n o f a g re e m e n ts . D em ands fo r g e n e ra l w age ch an ges a n d /o r su pp lem en ta ry b e n e fits p r e c ip ita te d m o r e than fo u r -fifth s o f the a s s o c ia t io n stop p a ges. S ign ifican t in the N a tion 's strik e e x p e r i en ce sin ce 1959 has b een the length o f the stop p a g es. A v e r a g e d u ration o f s trik e s en d ing in 1964 d e clin e d by o n e -te n th o f a day fr o m the 1963 le v e l, but at 2 2 .9 d ays, it r e m a in ed high by p ostw a r stan d ard s. S trik es during the 1959~64 p e r io d a v e ra g e d 2 3 .7 days in length, as co m p a r e d with an a v e ra g e o f 20 days during the 1948—58 p e rio d . A p p ro x im a te ly 42 p e rc e n t o f a ll s trik e s ending in 1964, in v o lv in g 36 p e rc e n t o f all w o r k e r s , w e re settled in le s s than a w eek (table 14). B eca u se o f th e ir sh ort d uration, th ese stopp a ges a ccou n ted fo r on ly 5 p e rc e n t o f tota l id le n e s s . On the oth er hand, about o n e -fifth o f the sto p p a g e s, in v olv in g o n e -th ir d o f all w o r k e r s , la s te d 30 days o r lo n g e r. Included in this grou p , w h ich accou n ted fo r 76 p e rc e n t o f total id le n e s s , w e r e two m a jo r stop p a ges— the G en eral M o to rs s trik e and a stoppage in v o lv in g 22, 000 c o n s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s in O hio. In te r m s o f s iz e , 30 p e rc e n t o f th ese stopp a ges in v o lv e d fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s each , a p p ro x im a te ly h alf the p ro p o rtio n w hich s trik e s o f this s iz e con stitu ted o f the total stoppages begin n ing in 1964. At the oth er e x tr e m e , n e a r ly o n e -fifth o f th ese stoppages in v o lv e d 1 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s o r m o r e . The a v e r age d u ration o f strik e s in v olv in g e m p lo y e r a s s o c ia tio n s was 25. 5 d ays, as c o m p a re d with an a v era g e o f 2 2 .9 days fo r a l l d isp u tes, and 27. 1 days fo r all co n tr a c t ren eg otia tion d isp u tes. A m on g t h e fa c t o r s con trib u tin g to the lo n g e r a v e ra g e du ration o f s trik e s in re ce n t y e a r s has b een the r e la tiv e ly la r g e nu m ber o f stopp a ges la stin g 90 days o r lo n g e r . W hile the n u m ber o f stopp a ges o f su ch length in 1964 (189) w as the lo w e s t s in ce 1958, it was c o n s id e ra b ly h ig h er than the a v e ra g e o f 131 r e c o r d e d durin g the 1955—58 p e r io d . T h ese sto p p a g e s, m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f w hich o c c u r r e d in m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s , a c cou n ted fo r o n e -fifth o f tota l id le n e s s in 1964. A p p ro x im a te ly h alf o f th ese p r o tr a c te d s to p p ages in v o lv e d d ispu tes o v e r g e n e ra l w age ch an ges a n d /o r su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits, w hile another th ird a r o s e fr o m d iffe r e n c e s o v e r u n i o n o rg a n iza tio n and s e c u r ity m a tte rs . A m on g the la r g e r o f th ese lon g stopp ages w e re a 1 14 -d ay stoppage at plants o f the T o r rin g to n C o . in C on n ecticu t and a 1 4 9 -d a y 4 Multiemployer Association Bargaining and Its Impact on the Collective Bargaining Process (U. S. House of Representatives, Committee on Education and Labor, General Subcommittee on Labor, 88 th Cong., 2d sess., December 1964, Committee Print). As noted in appendix C, the Bureau makes no effort to distinguish between strikes and lockouts in its work stoppage statistics program. For the situations under discussion here, in formation was derived largely from press reports. 5 stoppage in v olv in g the G en eral T elep h on e C o. o f C a lifo rn ia , both o f w h ich began in 1963; a 9 4 -d a y s tr ik e -lo c k o u t in v olv in g re ta il fo o d s to r e s in M aryland; and a 1 3 2 -day dispute in v olv in g the D etroit P u b lis h e r s A s s o c ia tio n . Continuing the p attern o f r e c e n t y e a r s , stopp ages in m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s w e re , on the a v e ra g e , lo n g e r (2 6 .7 days) than th ose in nonm an u factu rin g (19. 3 d a ys). A m on g in d u stry grou p s e x p e rie n cin g 50 stoppages or m o r e in 1964, a v era g e d uration ra n ged fr o m 13. 5 days in c o n s tr u c tio n to 3 6 .4 days in the ru b b er in d u stry. The r e la tiv e ly sh ort d u ra tion o f the c o n s tr u c tio n stopp a ges stem s fr o m the fa ct that th r e e -fifth s o f them o c c u r r e d w hile a greem en ts w ere in e ffe c t. In the printin g in d u stry, w h ere 9 o f the 47 strik e s ending during the y e a r la s te d 90 days o r lo n g e r , the a v era g e du ration was 5 7 .9 days, the h igh est fig u re r e c o r d e d fo r any in d u stry in 1964. S ign ifican t v a ria tio n s a ls o o c c u r r e d in avera ge duration a cco r d in g to the is s u e s in v o lv e d . A s m ight be e x p e cte d , stopp ages o v e r union o rg a n iza tio n and s e c u r ity m a tters w e re the m o s t draw n out, a vera gin g 38. 8 days in d uration in 1964. At the oth er e x tr e m e , d ispu tes o v e r in teru n ion and intraun ion m a tte rs p ro v e d e a s ie s t to r e s o lv e , a vera gin g 10. 2 days in length. N ea rly th r e e -fifth s o f th ese la tter stopp a ges w e r e settled in le s s than a w eek . D ispu tes o v e r g e n e ra l wage ch an ges a n d /o r su p p lem en ta ry b en efits a v e r aged 2 6 .9 d ays, w hile th ose o v e r question s o f jo b s e c u r ity and plant a d m in istra tion a v e r aged 13. 6 days in length. M a jo r Issu es A lthough the d istrib u tio n o f w ork sto p p ages in 1964 b y m a jo r is s u e s v a r ie d little fr o m the 1963 pattern , d iffe r e n c e s appeared in the d is trib u tio n o f w o r k e r s and id le n e ss am ong the v a rio u s is s u e s . The m o s t p r o nounced ch an ges o c c u r r e d in plant a d m in is tra tio n d ispu tes w h ich a ccou n ted fo r 36 p e r cen t o f total id le n e ss in 1964, as c o m p a re d with 10 p e rc e n t in 1963, and in stoppages o v e r g en era l w age ch an ges a n d /o r su p p le m en ta ry b en efits w h ich le d to 45 p erce n t o f 1964 s t r i k e id le n e s s , as co m p a re d with 68 p e rce n t in 1963 (table 5). A m o n g the stopp ages in v olv in g 1 ,000 w o r k e r s o r m o r e , the d is trib u tio n by is s u e s d iffe r e d sligh tly fr o m that o f the p rev iou s y e a r , the p rin c ip a l ch an ges b ein g an in c r e a s e in the p ro p o rtio n o f strik e s o v e r g e n e ra l wage ch an ges and a d eclin e in the p ro p o rtio n o f plant a d m in istra tion d isp u tes. A s noted above, h o w e v er, the p erce n ta g e o f t o t a l id le n e ss attribu table to plant a d m in istra tion s trik e s in 1964 was c o n s id e r a b ly h ig h er than in 1963. No sig n ifica n t ch an ges appear when the 1964 d istrib u tio n o f la r g e s trik e s by is s u e s is c o m p ared with the a v e ra g e d is trib u tio n fo r the 1961— 63 p e rio d . The p e rc e n t d istrib u tio n o f is s u e s in the 246 s trik e s begin n ing in 1964 in volvin g 1, 000 w o r k e r s o r m o r e is shown in the tabu lation that fo llo w s : Major issue Percent of stoppages All large strikes----------------------------------------------- 100.0 General wage changes------------------------------------------Supplementary benefits; no general wage change------------------------------------------------------Wage adjustments-------------------------------------------------Hours of work--------------------------------------------------------Other contractual matters---------------------------------------Union organization and security------------------------------Job security-----------------------------------------------------------Plant administration---------------------------------------------Other working conditions---------------------------------------Interunion or intraunion matters (generally involves 2 unions)--------------------------------Not reported---------------------------------------------------------- 41.5 4 .1 6 .9 .4 1.6 5. 7 10 . 2 24.4 1.2 3 .7 .4 NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. In slig h tly m o r e than tw o -fifth s o f all w ork sto p p a g e s, dem ands fo r g e n e ra l wage changes a n d /o r su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fits w e re the p rin c ip a l is s u e s . T h ese stopp a ges in v o lv e d 39 p e rc e n t o f all w o r k e r s p a rticip a tin g in s tr ik e s , as co m p a r e d with 45 p e rce n t in 1963. In absolu te t e r m s , h o w e v e r, the num ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in su ch stopp a ges r o s e by m o r e than 50 p e rc e n t o v e r the 1963 le v e l. Strik es o v e r th ese is s u e s alon e re s u lte d in m o r e than 1 m illio n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in ea ch o f two in d u stry grou p s— c o n tr a c t c o n stru ction , and tra n sp o rta tio n and c o m m u n ic a tion (table A - 2). D ispu tes o v e r plant a d m in istra tio n m a t te r s led to o n e -s ix th o f all stop p a ges, but a ccou n ted fo r m o r e than o n e -th ir d o f all w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in s tr ik e s . Included in this grou p w e re six o f the m a jo r stopp a ges b e g in ning during the y e a r . A m on g the h ost o f lo c a l is s u e s in dispute in the la r g e s t o f th ese s to p pages (the G en era l M o to rs s trik e ), w e re p r o duction stan d ards, o v e r tim e p r a c t ic e s , s e n io r ity , shift p r e fe r e n c e s , and r e lie f tim e . On an in d u stry b a s is , d is a g re e m e n ts o v e r plant a d m in istra tion m a tte rs le d to tw o -fifth s o f the stoppages in the tra n s p o rta tio n equipm ent in d ustry and n e a rly h alf o f the m ining s tr ik e s . A s in 1963, jo b s e c u r ity is s u e s a ccou n ted fo r a p p ro x im a te ly 6 p e rc e n t o f a ll stop p a ges. H ow ever, the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in th ese stop p a g es, and the resu ltan t id le n e s s , in c r e a s e d in both absolu te and re la tiv e te r m s 6 o v e r the 1963 le v e ls . N ea rly h alf o f the i d l e n e ss resu ltin g fr o m jo b s e c u r ity d ispu tes was d ivid ed a lm o st eq u a lly b etw een the fo o d and k in d red p rod u cts in d u stry and the e le c t r ic a l m a ch in e ry in d u stry . The la r g e s t nu m ber o f th ese s trik e s (33) o c c u r r e d in the tr a n s p o r ta tion and co m m u n ica tio n in d u s trie s, a grou p w h ich a ccou n ted f o r 56 p e rce n t o f the w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in su ch d isp u tes. U nion o rg a n iza tio n and s e c u r ity w e re the p r in c ip a l is s u e s in 15 p e rc e n t o f all s trik es begu n in 1964, but they accou n ted fo r a m u ch s m a lle r p e rce n ta g e o f the total w o r k e r and id le n e s s fig u r e s . The la tter re s u lt is attribu t able to the fa c t that m o r e than fo u r -fifth s o f th ese stop p a ges in v o lv e d fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s e a ch . The la r g e s t co n c e n tra tio n o f th ese d isp u te s, a p p ro x im a te ly o n e -fo u rth o f t h e to ta l, o c c u r r e d in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u stry. S trik es o v e r in teru n ion and intraun ion m a tte rs r e p r e s e n te d o n e -e ig h th o f the y e a r 's stop p a g es, but a ccou n ted fo r on ly 4 and 1 p e r cen t, r e s p e c t iv e ly , o f the w o r k e r and id le n e ss to ta ls in 1964. Included in this grou p w e re 384 union r iv a lr y and ju r is d ic t io n a l d isp u tes, the h igh est le v e l e v e r r e c o r d e d fo r stopp ages o f this nature; the p re v io u s high o f 313 was r e c o r d e d in 1963. In te r m s o f s iz e , m o r e than th r e e -fo u r th s o f the s trik e s in this grou p in v o lv e d fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s ea ch . As in the past 4 y e a r s , o v e r fo u r -fifth s o f th ese s trik e s o c c u r r e d in the co n s tr u c tio n in d u stry. In d u stries A ffe c te d W ork stop p a ges beginning in 1964 w e re d ivid ed about eq u a lly betw een m an ufactu rin g and n on m an u factu rin g in d u s trie s , but the f o r m e r grou p a ccou n ted f o r th r e e -fifth s o f the w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and fo r sligh tly m o r e than tw o -th ird s o f tota l id le n e s s (table 6). In m a n u fa ctu rin g, w h ere all m e a s u r e s o f strik e a ctiv ity re a ch e d th eir h igh est le v e l sin ce 1959, id le n e s s tota led 1 5 .7 m illio n m a n -d a y s, an in c r e a s e o f 5. 3 m illio n o v e r the 1963 le v e l. A s has b een true sin ce 1944, the p erce n ta g e o f w ork in g tim e lo s t in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s t r ie s (0. 35) g r e a tly e x c e e d e d that lo s t in non m an u factu rin g ( 0 .0 9 ). A m on g m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s trie s, su b stantial in c r e a s e s in id le n e s s o v e r the 1963 le v e l w e r e r e c o r d e d iii the m eta lw ork in g , tra n s p o rta tio n equipm en t, ord n a n ce and a c c e s s o r i e s , fo o d and k in d red p ro d u cts , and pap er in d u s tr ie s . In tra n sp o rta tio n eq u ip m en t, w h ich su stain ed the g r e a te s t v olu m e o f id le n e s s during the y e a r ( 6 . 4 m illio n m a n d a y s), m o r e than fo u r -fifth s o f the tim e lo s t re s u lte d fr o m fiv e m a jo r s trik e s o f a u tom o b ile w o r k e r s . Tw o o f the la tte r stopp a ges a ls o a ccou n ted f o r a substan tial p r o p o r tio n o f the id le n e s s in the fa b rica te d m e ta l p ro d u cts grou p. T h r e e -fo u r th s o f the id le n e s s in the ord n an ce in d u stry re s u lte d fr o m an 8 6 -d a y strik e in W est V irg in ia , w hile in the fo o d in d u stry, m o r e than o n e -fo u rth o f the id le n e s s was attribu table to a 7 -w e e k stoppage in v o lv ing b r e w e r ie s in C a lifo rn ia . In the p ap er in d u stry, the co m b in a tio n o f a m a jo r stoppage in the P a c ific N orth w est and s e v e r a l sin gle plant stop p a ges o f long du ration s e r v e d to ra is e s trik e id le n e s s to 580, 000 m a n -d a y s — its h ig h est le v e l sin ce 1952. On the oth er hand, in fo u r m a n u fa ctu rin g grou p s— lu m b e r and w ood p ro d u cts , prin tin g and p u blish in g, p e tro le u m , and ru b b e r— i d l e n ess d e clin e d m a rk e d ly fr o m the p r io r y e a r 's le v e l. In the lu m b e r in d u stry, w h ich su sta in ed 1 .3 m illio n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in 1963, the tim e lo s t fr o m s trik e s d e clin e d to 9 6 ,9 0 0 m a n -d a y s, the lo w e s t fig u r e sin ce 1956. In the o th er th ree in d u s trie s , d esp ite the d e clin e in id le n e s s , the p e rce n ta g e o f e stim a te d w o r k ing tim e lo s t re m a in e d su bstan tia lly above the national a v e ra g e . None o f the th ree was d ir e c tly a ffe cte d by any o f the y e a r 's m a jo r s tr ik e s , but e a ch did e x p e r ie n c e s e v e r a l s to p pages o f lon g d uration. A m on g n onm anufacturing in d u s trie s , su b stan tial in c r e a s e s in id le n e ss w e r e r e c o r d e d in m in in g, c o n s tr u c tio n , and t r a d e . The s tr ik e -in d u c e d lo s s o f 0 .4 9 p e rc e n t o f e s t i m ated w ork in g tim e in m ining w as la r g e ly a ttribu ta ble to a m a jo r stoppage in the b itu m inous c o a l in d u stry and an 8 0 -d a y strik e at m in es o f the K en n ecott C op p er C o rp . In c o n s tru c tio n , id le n e ss in c r e a s e d by m o r e than 40 p e rc e n t o v e r the 1963 le v e l, but re m a in e d c o n s id e r a b ly b e lo w the in d u stry a v e ra g e fo r the p re c e d in g d e ca d e . The n u m ber o f s to p p ages in c o n s tr u c tio n (94 4), h o w e v e r, re a ch e d its h igh est l e v e l sin ce 1953. Id len ess in w h o le sa le and r e ta il trad e r o s e to its h ig h est le v e l sin ce 1959> but a cco u n te d fo r a s m a ll p e rce n ta g e (0 .0 4 ) o f tota l e stim a ted w ork in g tim e . In the tra n s p o rta tio n and co m m u n ica tio n in d u s trie s, w hich e x p e r ie n c e d fo u r o f the y e a r 's m a jo r sto p p a g e s, the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in new s trik e s (205, 000) r o s e m o r e than tw o fo ld o v e r the 1963 le v e l. Id le n ess in this grou p , h o w e v e r, d e clin e d b y ap p ro x im a te ly o n e -fo u r th fr o m the le v e l o f the 2 p re v io u s y e a r s . The A tla n tic and G ulf C oast lo n g s h o r e m e n 's dispute in v o lv e d m o r e than a fou rth o f the w o r k e r s p a rticip a tin g in s trik e s in this grou p , but a ccou n ted fo r a m u ch s m a lle r p r o p o rtio n o f tota l 1964 strik e id le n e s s in th ese in d u s tr ie s . 6 The bulk of the idleness in this dispute occurred in 1965 (appendix B). 7 Sto p p ages by L o c a tio n R e g io n s , The g r e a te s t re g io n a l c o n c e n tra tio n o f strik e id le n e ss in 1964 o c c u r r e d in the E ast N orth C en tra l States, w hich w ere a ffe cte d b y 13 o f the y e a r 's m a jo r s tr ik e s . A s co m p a re d with 1963, id le n e s s in this r e gion (9. 9 m illio n m a n -d a y s) show ed a tw ofold in c r e a s e , as did the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in s trik e s (table 7). On the oth er hand, strik e id le n e s s d e clin e d fr o m the 1963 le v e l in fiv e re g io n s , in clu d in g the M iddle A tlan tic States, w hich accou n ted fo r 18 p e rc e n t o f total id le n e s s in 1964, A s in 1963, the M iddle A tla n tic and E ast N orth C en tra l States com b in e d a ccou n ted fo r m o r e than h alf o f the y e a r 's s tr ik e s . The g r e a te s t p e rce n ta g e in c r e a s e in the in cid e n ce o f strik e a ctiv ity w as r e c o r d e d in the E ast South C en tra l r e g io n w h ere the num ber o f s trik e s r o s e by 38 p e rce n t; the g r e a te s t ab solu te in c r e a s e o c c u r r e d in the E ast N orth C en tra l States w h ere 206 m o r e strik e s began in 1964 than in 1963. In the South A tla n tic, and E ast and W est South C en tra l States c o m bin ed , the n u m ber o f stopp a ges (824) in 1964 w as n e a rly 30 p e rc e n t g r e a te r than the le v e l o f the 2 p re v io u s y e a r s . S ta tes. A s a con s e q u e n ce o f the m a jo r au tom obile stopp a ges w h ich a ccou n ted f o r th r e e -fo u r th s o f the tota l id le n e s s (4. 5 m illio n m a n -d a y s) w ithin its b o r d e r s , M ich igan led all States in strik e id le n e s s in 1964 (table 8). The im p a ct o f the G en eral M o to rs stoppage w as fe lt a ls o in O hio, w h ich ranked s econ d in id le n e s s ( 2 . 7 m illio n m a n -d a y s ). F iv e oth er States e x p e r ie n c e d m o r e than 1 m i l l i o n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s ea ch in 1964. In New Y o rk and P en n sylvan ia, h ow e v e r, id le n e ss w as at its lo w e st s i n c e 1945 and 1942, r e s p e c tiv e ly . 7 F iv e States— D ela w a re, M arylan d, N e vada, Utah, and W est V ir g in ia — w h ich did not su stain as m u ch id le n e s s as t h o s e noted a bove, n on eth eless e x p e r ie n c e d a p ercen ta g e l o s s in total estim a te d w ork in g tim e that w as su bstan tia lly g r e a te r than the national a v e r age. In D ela w a re, the high p e rce n t o f w o r k ing tim e lo s t (0 .4 1 ) was attribu table m a in ly to the G en era l M o to rs s trik e , w h ich accou n ted fo r m o r e than th r e e -fo u r th s o f the S ta te's strik e id le n e s s . In M arylan d, a s tr ik e -lo c k o u t in v olv in g r e ta il fo o d s to r e s accou n ted fo r m o r e than h alf o f the y e a r 's id le n e ss in the State, w h ile in W est V irg in ia , m o r e t h a n o n e -fo u rth o f the id le n e s s re su lte d fr o m an 8 6 -d a y stoppage at the F o o d M a ch in ery and In Colorado and Oklahoma, idleness was also at its lowest postwar level; in Minnesota, all measures of strike activity fell to their lowest postwar levels. C h e m ica l C o rp . The high p e rce n t o f w o r k ing tim e lo s t in N evada was in g o o d m e a su re due to a 3 -w e e k stoppage at the R eyn old s E le c t r ic and E n gin eerin g C o. , w hile in Utah, the K en n ecott C op p er strik e accou n ted fo r a l m o st s e v e n -e ig h th s o f the S ta te's id le n e s s . The States lead in g in strik e id le n e s s , M ich igan and Ohio, a lso ranked f ir s t and secon d , r e s p e c tiv e ly , in the num ber o f w o r k e rs in v o lv e d in sto p p a g e s. In M ich igan , the num ber o f s tr ik e r s (249,000) in c r e a s e d s ix fo ld o v e r the 1963 le v e l, w h ile in O hio, the 191, 000 s trik e rs r e p r e s e n te d a tw ofold in c r e a s e o v e r the p re v io u s y e a r 's le v e l. Other States with la r g e n u m bers o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d w ere New Y ork (1 6 0 ,0 0 0 ), Illin o is (1 2 7 ,0 0 0 ), and P en n sylvan ia (1 1 9 ,0 0 0 ). Ten States, e x p e rie n cin g 100 stoppages o r m o r e e a c h , a ccou n ted fo r m o r e than tw o -th ird s o f the s trik e s beginning in 1964. A s in 1963, New Y ork a n d P en n sylvan ia ranked f ir s t and se co n d , r e s p e c tiv e ly , in this ca te g o r y . In F lo rid a , w hich ranked tenth, both the n u m ber o f stopp ages (106), and w o r k e rs in v o lv e d (37, 900) re a ch e d the high est le v e ls e v e r r e c o r d e d f o r the State. 8 At the oth er e x tr e m e , 10 stopp ages o r le s s w ere r e c o r d e d in the D is tr ic t o f C olu m b ia , A la sk a , N orth Dakota, South Dakota, and W yom ing. M e tro p o lita n A r e a s . In D e tro it, w hich su stained the g r e a te s t id le n e s s (2, 060, 000 m a n -d a y s) o f any m e tr o p o lita n a re a in 1964 (table 9), m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f the id l e n ess re s u lte d fr o m th ree m a jo r strik e s o f a u tom obile w o r k e r s , with the G en eral M otors stoppage having by fa r the g re a te s t im p a ct. Ranking s e co n d and th ird in id le n e ss w e re C lev ela n d, O hio, and F lin t, M ich igan , both o f w hich w e re a ls o s e r io u s ly a ffe cte d by the G en eral M o to rs s trik e . In C levela n d, that stoppage and a c o n s tr u c tio n in d u stry strik e com b in ed to p ro v id e m o r e than half o f the y e a r 's id le n e s s , w hile in F lin t, the nationw ide G en eral M o to rs s trik e , plus a m a jo r strik e in January in v olv in g the sam e fir m , a ccou n ted fo r w ell o v e r 90 p e rc e n t o f the y e a r 's tota l. On the oth er hand, strik e id le n e s s in the New Y ork m e tro p o lita n a re a (668, 000 m a n -d a y s) d e clin e d m a rk e d ly fr o m the l e v e l o f the 2 p re v io u s y e a r s . The G en era l M o to rs strik e a lso s tro n g ly a ffe cte d the w o r k e r tota ls in s e v e r a l m e t r o politan a re a s as m o r e than 5, 000 w o r k e r s w ere in v o lv e d in this stoppage in each o f The construction industry accounted for nearly four-fifths of the 1964 strikes in Florida, and for 71 percent of the workers involved in stoppages. Idleness from construction strikes, however, accounted for only 13 percent of the year's total in the State. 8 13 a re a s . A s in the c a s e o f id le n e s s , the y e a r 's la r g e s t s trik e a ccou n ted fo r a la r g e p r o p o r tio n o f the w o r k e r s in v olv ed in s to p p ages in D etro it and F lin t, M ich igan . With re g a r d to the in c id e n ce o f strik e a ctiv ity , the New Y ork (286) and P h ila delp h ia (134) m e tr o p o lita n a rea s ranked f ir s t and se co n d , r e s p e c tiv e ly . None o f the oth er m e t ro p o lita n a rea s r e c o r d e d as m any as 100 stop p a ges in 1964. M onthly T ren d s D esp ite an in c r e a s e in both the n u m ber o f stop p a ges and w o r k e r s in v olv ed , strik e id l e n e ss during the f ir s t tw o -th ird s o f 1964 was slig h tly b elow the low le v e l o f the c o r r e s p o n d ing p e r io d in the p re c e d in g y e a r (table 3). T h rou gh the 8 m onths ending with A ugust, id le n e s s fr o m w ork stopp ages am ounted to 1 1 .2 m illio n m a n -d a y s, o r 0 . 1 3 p e rc e n t o f total estim a te d w ork in g tim e . D uring the fin a l th ird o f the y e a r , h ow e v e r, strik e id l e n e ss r o s e sh a rp ly o v e r the le v e l fo r the co m p a ra b le p e r io d in 1963. A p p ro x im a te ly 770, 000 w o r k e r s b e ca m e in v olv ed in new s trik e s during this p e rio d , b rin g in g the total id le n e s s fr o m all w ork stoppages in the fin al p e r io d to 11. 8 m illio n m a n -d a y s . M uch o f this id le n e s s re s u lte d fr o m 10 m a jo r s to p p a g e s , the la r g e s t o f w h ich was the strik e again st the G en era l M otors C o rp . The g r e a te s t num ber o f s trik e s in e ffe c t durin g any m onth in 1964 was 651, and the g r e a te s t n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v olv ed in s to p p ages during any m onth w as 549, 000, th ese le v e ls b ein g re a ch e d in M ay and O cto b e r, r e s p e c t iv e ly . The w o r k e r total was the h igh e st r e c o r d e d in any m onth sin ce N ovem b er 1959 when a nationw ide steel strik e was in e ffe c t. P eak m onthly id le n e s s (6. 6 m illio n m a n -d a y s) a lso o c c u r r e d in O c to b e r . The la tte r total was the h igh est m onthly id le n e ss fig u r e sin ce O cto b e r 1959. A s has b een noted, the n u m ber o f strik e s in v o lv in g 1 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s o r m o r e (246) was su bstan tia lly h igh er than the p ostw ar low o f 181 r e c o r d e d in 1963. On a q u a rte rly b a s is , the g r e a te s t in c r e a s e o c c u r r e d during the s e co n d q u a rter when 100 s u c h stopp ages began, as co m p a r e d with 55 in the sam e p e r io d in 1963. Of the s trik e s o f this m a g nitude beginning in 1964, seven , in v olv in g a total o f 66, 300 w o r k e r s , con tin u ed into 1965. A ls o continuing into 1965 w e re two s trik e s o f this m agnitude w h ich began in 1963— the stop page in v olv in g the K in gsp ort P r e s s in T e n n e s se e a n d the F lo r id a E ast C oa st R ailw ay s trik e . The tabulation that fo llo w s p re s e n ts fo r 1964, as w ell as fo r the 2 p re c e d in g y e a r s , the m on th ly d istrib u tion o f new s trik e s in volv in g 1, 000 w o r k e r s o r m o r e . 1964 January---February — March----A p ril-----May-------June-------July......... August---September October— November December 8 18 13 31 46 23 23 12 20 28 17 7 1963 13 13 6 16 23 16 23 14 17 18 17 5 1962 9 12 16 21 34 21 25 24 22 8 13 6 Unions In volved Continuing the p attern o f r e c e n t y e a r s , unions a ffilia te d with the AFLr-CIO w e r e in v o lv e d in th r e e -fo u r th s o f the stop p a ges b e ginning in 1964 (table 10). T h e se s trik e s a ccou n ted f o r 84 and 86 p e rce n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly , o f the w o r k e r and id le n e s s tota ls fo r the y e a r . U naffiliated unions w e re in v o lv e d in slig h tly m o r e than o n e -fifth o f the y e a r 's sto p p a g e s, and a ccou n ted fo r o n e -te n th o f tota l id le n e s s . A s in oth er y e a r s , a few s trik e s (36) o c c u r r e d in w h ich no union was in v o lv e d . M ed iation M e d ia to ry s e r v ic e s w e r e p ro v id e d b y gov ern m en t a g e n cie s in 49 p e rc e n t o f th ose s trik e s w h ich w e re te rm in a te d during 1964, a p p ro x im a te ly the sam e p ro p o rtio n as in 1963 (table 15). H ow ev er, la r g e ly b e ca u s e o f the e x c lu s io n o f the y e a r 's la r g e s t s trik e fr o m this grou p , th ese stopp a ges a ccou n ted f o r a m u ch s m a lle r p ro p o rtio n o f the w o r k e r and id le n e s s to ta ls than in re c e n t y e a r s . A s m a ll num ber o f s trik e s (47) w e r e te rm in a te d s o le ly with the a s s is ta n ce o f p riv a te m e d ia to rs , w hile no m e d ia tio n was re p o r te d in the r e m aining 50 p e rce n t o f th ose s trik e s ending during the y e a r . M ed iation s e r v ic e s a re u se d p r im a r ily in d ispu tes a risin g out o f the re n e g o tia tio n o f c o n tr a c ts . Thus, the a s s is ta n ce o f g o v e r n m ent m e d ia to rs was re p o r te d in 82 p e rce n t o f th ose stop p a ges but in on ly 11 p e rce n t o f th ose w h ich began w h ile a g re e m e n ts w e re in e ffe c t. G overn m en t m e d ia to rs a s s is te d in the te rm in a tio n o f 48 p e rc e n t o f the stopp a ges a risin g out o f the n egotia tion o f the in itia l a g re e m e n t, a slig h tly h igh er p e rce n ta g e than in r e c e n t y e a r s . A s m igh t be e x p e cte d , stopp a ges r e q u ir ing the a s s is ta n ce o f gov ern m en t m e d ia to rs w ere g e n e r a lly la r g e r in s iz e a n d /o r lo n g e r in d u ration than th ose settled without ou tsid e a s s is ta n c e . In te r m s o f s iz e , gov ern m en t m e d ia to rs w e re in v o lv e d in 44 p e rc e n t o f th ose stopp a ges in v o lv in g fe w e r t h a n 100 w o r k e r s , and in 57 p e rc e n t o f th ose w h ich 9 in v o lv ed as m any as 1, 000 w o r k e r s . A s fo r duration , gov ern m en t m ed ia tion was re p o rte d in 27 p e rce n t o f th ose s trik e s la stin g le s s than a w eek, and in 75 p e rce n t o f the situations w h ich la s te d 30 days o r lo n g e r . The a v e r age duration o f s trik e s in v olv in g govern m en t m e d ia tion was 3 1 . 8 d ays, as co m p a r e d with an a v era g e o f 14. 6 days fo r th ose in w hich no m ed ia tion w as re p o r te d . P a rt o f this d if fe r e n c e is attribu table to the d iffe r e n c e b e tw een co n tr a c t ren e g o tia tio n s t r i k e s and s trik e s during the te r m o f a g re e m e n ts . The s e r v ic e s o f gov ern m en t m e d ia to rs w e re u tiliz e d to a g r e a te r extent in m anu fa ctu rin g in d u strie s than in n onm anufacturing in 1964. G overn m en t m ed ia tion w as re p o r te d in m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f all m a n u fa ctu r ing stoppages as against sligh tly m o r e than o n e -th ir d o f the n on m anufacturing s trik e s . This d isp a rity is due in la r g e m e a s u r e to the fa ct that the la tter grou p o f in d u strie s a c cou n ted fo r m o r e than th r e e -fifth s o f all stopp ages a risin g w hile a g reem en ts w e re in e ffe c t, a grou p o f stopp a ges in w hich, as noted above, m ed ia tive a s s is ta n ce is not often u tilize d . S ettlem ent A s in the p re c e d in g y e a r , fo r m a l s e ttle m en ts w e re re a ch e d in 90 p e rc e n t o f all s trik e s ending in 1964 (table 16). In another 9 p e rc e n t o f the stopp ages term in a ted during the y e a r , e m p lo y e r s re s u m e d op e ra tio n s w ith out a fo r m a l settlem en t, eith er with new e m p lo y e e s o r with retu rn in g s t r ik e r s . T h irty-tw o sto p p a g es, in v olv in g 1 ,3 5 0 w o r k e r s , ca m e to a c lo s e with the e m p lo y e r 's d e c is io n to d is continue o p e ra tio n s . A f o r m a l settlem en t was rea ch ed in 95 and 92 p e rc e n t, r e s p e c tiv e ly , o f th ose stopp a ges a risin g durin g c o n tr a c t r e n e g o tia tion s o r durin g the te r m o f an a g reem en t. P r o c e d u r e fo r Handling U nsettled Issu e s W ork stopp a ges a re often te rm in a te d with the u n derstan din g that u n settled is s u e s w ill be r e s o lv e d fo llo w in g the re su m p tio n o f n o r m al o p e ra tio n s . In form a tion was a vaila b le on the m an ner in w h ich su ch is s u e s w ould be r e s o lv e d in 542 s trik e s ending in 1964, in clu din g two o f the y e a r 's m a jo r stoppages (table 17). In a p p ro x im a te ly o n e -fo u rth o f th ese s tr ik e s , con tin u ed d ir e c t n egotiation s w e re ch o s e n as the m ean s o f settlem en t, w hile in slig h tly l e s s than o n e -fifth o f th ese c a s e s , the is s u e s w e re to be su bm itted to a r b itra tio n . In a p p ro x im a te ly 6 p e r c e n t o f th ese s tr ik e s , in v o lv in g fe w e r w o r k e r s than in re c e n t y e a r s , the is s u e s w e re to be r e fe r r e d to a gov ern m en t agen cy. V a riou s oth er d e v ic e s w e re to be u tiliz e d to r e s o lv e the rem ain in g is s u e s in a p p ro x im a te ly h alf o f th ese c a s e s . C ontinued d ir e c t n egotiation s w e re the m eans s e le c te d to r e s o lv e u n settled is s u e s in a p p ro x im a te ly h alf o f the s trik e s a risin g during the n egotia tion o f the in itia l a greem en t o r in the re n e g o tia tio n o f an a g re e m e n t. Ap p ro x im a te ly th r e e -fifth s o f the c a s e s in w hich a rb itra tio n was s e le c te d w e re d ispu tes w hich a ro s e during the te r m o f an a greem en t. The is s u e s aw aiting re s o lu tio n in all but 1 o f th ese 542 stopp a ges a re p re se n te d in the tabu lation that fo llo w s . Interunion m a t te r s w e re the is s u e s outstanding in m o r e than half o f th ese d isp u te s, but a ccou n ted fo r a m u ch s m a lle r p r o p o r tio n o f all w o r k e r s . On the oth er hand, stopp a ges in w h ich w ork in g con d ition s con stitu ted the u n re s o lv e d is s u e s a ccou n ted fo r o n e -fifth o f the tota l, but in clu ded tw o -fifth s o f all w o r k e r s in v o lv e d . Workers involved_______ ________ Man-days idle Stoppages Number On the oth er hand, a fo r m a l settlem en t t e r m in ated on ly 7 5 p e rc e n t o f th ose s trik e s w h ich o c c u r r e d d u rin g e ffo r ts to e s ta b lis h a c o l l e c tive b a rga in in g re la tio n s h ip . Percent of total Number Percent of total Number Percent of total Total stoppages covered1---------- 541 100.0 168,000 100.0 2,160,000 100.0 Wages and hours------------------------------Fringe benefits-------------------------------Union organization--------------------------Working conditions------------------------Interunion matters------------------- -----Combination- ---------------------------------Other---------------------------------------------- 33 30 35 109 6.1 5.5 6.5 20.1 51.8 5.5 4 .4 14,300 10,100 8,850 68,600 26,500 12,500 27,500 8.5 6 .0 5.3 40.7 15.7 7.4 16.4 175,000 126,000 59,000 1,120,000 210,000 222,000 255,000 8.1 5.8 2.7 51.6 9 .7 10.2 11.8 Excludes 1 stoppage for which information was insufficient to classify. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 10 Table 1 Work Stoppages in the United States, 1927— 1 . 64 Work stoppages Year Number Average duration (calendar days ) 3 W orkers involved 1 2 Number (thousands) ....................................... 1927.................................... — .......................................... 1928....................... 1929.................................... ............................ 1930.......................................... — 707 604 26. 5 2 7 .6 921 2 2 .6 637 2 2 .3 1931.......................................... ............ 1932.................................................................... 1933............................................ ......................... - 1934....................... 1935 ....................................... - 810 841 1, 695 1 ,8 5 6 2, 014 1 6 .9 1 9 .5 2 3 .8 1936..................................................................................... 1938------------1939.................................... — 1940........................................................................................... 2, 172 4, 740 2, 772 2 ,6 1 3 2, 508 2 3 .3 2 0 .3 2 3 .6 2 3 .4 2 0 .9 1941.............................. 1942............................ ......................... 1943— ____ _____________ 1944— . — . 1945..................................................................... 4, 288 2, 968 3, 752 4 ,9 5 6 4 ,7 5 0 19 4 5 __________________ ___________ ____________________ 1 9 4 7 ........___ ,_______ „_______ , _____________________ _ 1948................................................. 1949............................................... 1950........................................................................................... 4, 985 3, 693 3 ,4 1 9 3 ,6 0 6 4, 843 1951.......................................... - ............................................. 19 5?.___ ,_____ ______ ^________________________________ 1953........................................................................................... 19 54________________________ __ _____________________ .................. 1955.......................................................... 4 ,7 3 7 5, 117 5, 091 3 ,4 6 8 4 ,3 2 0 1956........................................................................................ . 1957__________________________________________________ 195 8 __________________________________________________ 1 959__________________________________________________ I 9 6 0 ........................................................................................... 3 ,8 2 5 3, 673 3, 694 3 ,7 0 8 3, 333 1 9 .2 1 ,3 9 0 1 9 .7 2 4 .6 2 3 .4 2, 060 1 9 6 1 — ______________________________________________ 1 9 6 2 __________________________________________________ 19 6 3 3, 367 3 ,6 1 4 3, 362 3, 655 2 3 .7 2 4 .6 2 3 .0 2 2 .9 1 ,4 5 0 1, 230 941 1 ,6 4 0 1 9 3 7 __________________________________________________ 1964 1 8 .8 19 .6 Percent of total employed 2 6 ,2 0 0 1 2 ,6 0 0 5 ,3 5 0 3 ,3 2 0 0 .3 7 . 17 .0 7 .0 5 79. 5 40. 2 1 8 .5 18. 1 342 324 1, 170 1 ,4 7 0 1, 1 2 0 1 .6 1 .8 6,8 9 0 1 5 ,5 0 0 . 11 .2 3 .3 6 .3 8 .2 9 20. 2 1 0 ,5 0 0 1 3 ,9 0 0 2 8 ,4 0 0 9 ,1 5 0 1 7 ,8 0 0 6 ,7 0 0 .21 .4 3 . 15 .2 8 . 10 1 7 .6 1 5 .3 1 3 .3 15. 2 2 3 ,0 0 0 4, 180 1 3 ,5 0 0 8 ,7 2 0 3 8 ,0 0 0 .3 2 . 05 . 15 .0 9 .4 7 11 6,00 0 1 .4 3 .4 1 . 37 .5 9 .4 4 789 1 ,8 6 0 688 6 .3 7 .2 5 .2 3. 1 7 .2 2 .8 2 ,3 6 0 840 1, 9 8 0 2, 120 3, 470 8 .4 24. 2 2 5 .6 4, 600 2, 170 2 1 .8 1 ,9 60 22. 5 3, 030 2 ,4 1 0 1 7 .4 1 8 .9 P er worker involved 1 .2 .8 1 8 .3 1 1 .7 5 .0 5 .6 9 .9 19 .6 Percent of estimated total working time 1 .4 1 .3 4 .7 2 .3 2 0 .3 22. 5 18. 5 Number (thousands) 330 314 289 183 1, 170 577 1 9 .2 Man-days idle during year 2, 220 3, 540 2, 400 1, 530 2 ,6 5 0 1 ,9 0 0 1 ,8 8 0 1 ,3 2 0 2 .8 6 .9 7 .0 12 .2 1 4 .5 6. 5 5 .5 9 .0 6 .9 16 ,900 19 ,600 3 4 ,6 0 0 34, 100 5 0 ,5 0 0 3 8 ,8 0 0 5 .5 22 ,9 0 0 8.8 59 , 1 0 0 2 8 ,3 0 0 5 .6 3 .7 .2 3 . 57 .2 6 3 2 .4 1 4 .4 1 3 .4 1 3 .8 1 1 .6 9 .8 5. 0 6 .8 4. 1 11. 0 25. 2 1 5 .9 1 7 .4 1 6 .7 1 6 .1 1 0 .3 1 6 .7 11 .8 2 2 ,600 .21 6 .2 2 8 ,2 0 0 .2 6 14. 7 1 0 .7 4 .3 3 .1 4 .8 4 .3 3 .0 3 3 ,1 0 0 1 6 ,5 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 .2 9 . 14 1 7 .4 1 1 .4 69 ,0 0 0 19 ,100 3. 2 2 .7 1 6 ,3 0 0 1 8 ,6 0 0 2 .0 16 ,100 2 2 ,900 3 .4 .2 2 .61 . 17 . . . . 1 1 .6 3 6 .7 14. 5 14 1 1 .2 16 15. 0 17. 1 14. 0 13 18 The number of stoppages and w orkers relate to those beginning in the year; average duration, to those ending in the M an-days of idleness include all stoppages in effect. Available information for earlier periods appears in Handbook of Labor Statistics (BLS Bulletin 1016, 1951), table E -2 . For a discussion of the procedures involved in the collection and compilation of work stoppage statistics, see Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series (BLS Bulletin 1168, 1955), ch. 12. 2 In these tables, workers are counted m ore than once if they w ere involved in m ore than 1 stoppage during the yea r. 3 Figures are sim ple averages; each stoppage is given equal weight regardless of its siz e . 1 year. 11 Table 2. Work Stoppages Involving 10,000 Workers or More, Selected Periods W orkers involved Period Number 1 935-39 (average)_________________________________ 1947— (average)_________________________________ 49 1945........................................................................ 1946........................................................................................ 1947................................................................................... 1948..................................................................................... 1949 .......... ................................................. 1950............................... ....................... ...... , .._________ T--______ _____________ 1951 T .... ... . 1952________________________________________________ 1953.................................................................. 195 4 _________ ^__________________________________________________ 1955................................................................... 1956 ............._______________ ___ _______ _______ 1 9 57n, , r -- , ___ _________________________________ 1 9 5 8 ........ ........ . _______________________________ r 1959............................ ....... ................... 1960................................................................................... 1 9 6 1 .................................- .............................................. 1 9 6 2 .............................. . . . . . 1963 ............................................................ 1964........................................................................................ 1 Number (thousands) Percent of total for period 1, 1, 2, 1, 20 18 22 19 35 28 18 26 12 13 21 20 17 14 16 7 18 Number (thousands) 1 32.4 53.4 38.9 63.6 47.5 44.5 63.2 30.7 365 270 350 920 030 870 1, 920 738 457 1, 690 650 437 1, 210 758 283 823 845 384 601 318 11 18 42 31 15 M an-days idle 20.6 29.2 41.4 25.8 10 2 10.8 607 31.2 59.9 50.7 57.2 51.2 55.3 69.0 56.0 24.8 62.6 25.7 33.3 43.4 59.1 18.5 44.2 73.7 37.4 30.4 25.8 5, 290 2 3 ,8 0 0 19, 300 6 6 ,4 0 0 17, 700 1 8 ,9 0 0 3 4 ,9 0 0 2 1 ,7 0 0 5, 680 3 6 ,9 0 0 7, 270 7, 520 12, 300 19, 600 3, 050 1 0 , 600 50, 800 7, 140 4 ,9 5 0 4, 800 3, 540 7 ,9 9 0 47.8 27.1 28.5 45.6 39.9 20.4 4 0.0 4 5.0 37.0 Percent of total for period 22.0 34.8 Includes idleness in stoppages beginning in earlier years. Table 3. Work S p top ages by M onth, 1963— 64 Number of stoppages Month Beginning in month In effect during month W orkers involved in stoppages Beginning in month (thousands) M an-days idle during month Percent of estimated total working time In effect during month (thousands) Number (thousands) 175 109 90 119 148 181 183 167 155 153 152 82 2, 240 1, 0 0 0 984 937 1 ,4 3 0 1, 550 1 , 810 1, 350 985 1, 420 1, 410 977 0.22 .11 .10 91 116 123 187 249 898 1, 040 816 1, 170 2, 400 1, 900 1, 740 1, 200 2, 390 6 , 590 1, 730 1 , 060 .09 1963 January-------------------------------------------------------------------F ebruary —--------------------------------------------------------------Mar ch --------------------------------------- ---------- -------------------Apr il------ ------ -----------------------------------------------------------M a y --------------------------------------------------------------------------June----------------— ------------- — ------------------------------------July......................................... Au gu st----------------------------------------------------------------------Septem ber---------------------------------------------------------------O ctob er-------------------------------------------------------------------November ---------------------------------- ----------------------------Decem ber —------------------------------------------------------------- 230 198 214 291 377 380 372 312 287 346 223 132 366 323 348 423 543 593 606 545 500 574 467 336 21 1 375 375 399 529 651 586 639 556 574 584 469 346 68 53 40 89 118 128 94 67 81 96 80 27 .09 .14 .16 .17 .13 .10 .13 .15 .10 1964 Januar y ---------------------------------- —-----------------------------F eb ruary----------------------------------------------------------------Mar ch ——------------------ ------------------ ------------- ---------- — Apr il-----—----------------------------------------- — -------------------May - - - ------------------ ------ ----------------■ .1- -— — -.I.- — m m m m - r -. ■ June—— —— — — — — — — — — — — — —— — —— J u ly.................................................... August---------------------------------------------------------------- — .September—-------------- ---------------------------------------------October --------------- —------------------ — --------------------November —— ------ ----------------- ------ — ---------------------D ecember — — — — ----- 233 241 364 442 376 416 306 336 346 238 146 53 81 79 140 192 124 126 73 374 214 141 42 222 195 133 432 549 274 149 .11 .08 .11 .24 .18 .15 .12 .23 .61 .17 .1 0 12 Table 4. Work Stoppages by Contract Status and Major Issues, 1964 Stoppages beginning in 1964 Contract status and m ajor issue W orkers involved Number Man-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages! Percent Number Percent Number Percent A ll stoppages____________________________________ 3 ,6 5 5 100.0 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 Negotiation of first agreem ent_____________________ General wage changes and supplementary b e n e fits__________________________________________ Wage adjustments________________________________ Hours of work_____________________________________ Union organization and se cu rity________________ Job security and plant administration--------------Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs ----------------------O th er______________________________________________ 646 17.7 6 7 ,0 0 0 4.1 1 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0 6.5 Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening)_______________________________________ General wage changes and supplementary b e n e fits----------------------------------------------------------------Wage adjustments________________________________ Hours of work_____________________________________ Union organization and se cu rity________________ Job security and plant administration__________ Interunion or intraunion m a tte r s _______________ O th e r_______________________________________________ 175 6 1 4 ,5 0 0 330 - - 408 41 9 7 1 ,6 1 3 4 8 ,7 0 0 2 , 810 540 140 44.1 1, 312 29 9 2 126 3 75 616 441 56 No contract or other contract status_____________ General wage changes and supplementary b en efits__________________________________________ Wage adjustments_________________________________ Hours of work--------------------------------------------------------Union organization and se cu rity------------------------Job security and plant administration--------------Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs-----------------------O th er______________________________________________ 59 No information on contract status__________________ 1 1 9 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 36.0 5 1 3 ,0 0 0 8 ,2 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 7 0 2 2 4 ,0 0 0 4 6 2 ,0 0 0 2 1 ,200 28.2 5 2 ,9 0 0 350 19,1 0 0 3 0 6 ,0 0 0 6 3 ,7 0 0 19,4 0 0 1 .6 83.2 9 ,9 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 4 6 ,000 2 ,9 5 0 18,8 0 0 4 4 1 ,0 0 0 680 1 7,600 63 Wage adjustments________________________________ Hours of work_____________________________________ Union organization and se cu rity------------------------Job security and plant administration__________ Interunion or intraunion m a tte rs----------------------O th e r________ ______________________________________ 67.0 10 ,000 132 1, 317 1, 10 0,00 0 11,600 609 , 0 0 0 66 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved)______________________ General wage changes and supplementary 3 4 1 ,0 0 0 4, 780 1 870 1 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 6 5 ,3 0 0 2 , 810 11,000 29 .7 6 3 ,1 0 0 4 8 ,8 0 0 3, 940 490 3 16 9.9 1 9 0 ,000 1, 020 191,000 1 ,5 1 0 ,0 0 0 3 0 2 ,0 0 0 8 0 ,4 0 0 9 ,0 0 0 6 2 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0 190 880 1 20 690 160 270 4 390 1,2 0 0 20 .5 850 8, .1 15,300 .1 Idleness in 1964 resulting from a stoppage that began in 1963. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals. Table 5. M ajor Issu s Involved in Work S e toppages, 1964 Stoppages beginning in 1964 Major issue W orkers involved Number Percent Number A ll is s u e s _______________ General wage changes__________________ ______ General wage in c r e a se ___________________________ General wage increase plus supplementary benefits__________________________ General wage in crease, hour decrease_________ General wage d e crease___________________________ General wage increase and escalation__________ W ages and working conditions___________________ Man-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages! Percent Number Percent 3 ,6 5 5 100.0 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 1 ,419 474 38.8 5 8 8 .0 0 0 35.9 9 .3 7 0 .0 0 0 1 .6 6 0 .0 0 0 40.9 11 0.00 0 709 36 3 5 7 ,0 0 0 10 900 5 .0 1 0 .0 0 0 3 8 5 .0 0 0 1 1 6 .000 190 9 8 ,1 0 0 2 .1 9 0 .0 0 0 2 2 ,000 13 Table 5. Major Issues Involved in Work Stoppages, 1964----Continued Stoppages beginning in 1964 W orkers involved M ajor issue Number Percent Number __ Supplementary benefits__________ _ _ Pensions, insurance, other w elfare p rogram s---------------------------------------------------------------Severance or d ism issa l pay; other payments on layoff or separation______________ Prem ium pay_______________________________________ O ther___________________ _______ 101 Wage adjustments_____________________________________ Incentive pay rates or administration___________ Job classification or r a te s . ________ _________ Downgrading________________________________________ R etroactivity_______________________________________ Method of computing pay__________________________ 168 70 55 - Hours of work_________________________________________ In crea se____________________________________________ D e c re a se ___________________________________________ 12 Other contractual m atters___________________________ Duration of contract____ _ _ ______________ ___ ________ U nspecified________ __________ 61 Man-d«lys idle, 1964 (all stoppages^ 2. 8 4 4 ,3 0 0 Percent 2. 7 Number 9 6 6,00 0 46 2 6 ,5 0 0 880 4 ,7 1 0 1 2,300 4. 2 5 1 8 ,0 0 0 6 12 Percent 28 9 ,0 0 0 37 4. 6 6 3 ,8 0 0 2 5 ,3 0 0 2 3 ,2 0 0 - 6 3 .9 345 ,0 0 0 8 7 ,9 0 0 1 63,000 2 5 ,8 0 0 6 7 ,6 0 0 1. 5 2 3 ,0 0 0 1 , 260 2 1 ,8 0 0 . 1 1 8 0 ,000 .8 1,0 1 0 37 16,5 0 0 143,000 1 4,300 . 3 3, 310 270 3 ,0 3 0 . 2 1. 7 17,9 0 0 4 , 340 13,5 0 0 1. 1 8 6 ,8 0 0 7, 860 830 5. 3 3 9 12 49 Union organization and se cu rity ____________________ Recognition (certification)_____ _ _______ _____ Recognition and job security is s u e s _____________ Recognition and economic issu e s________________ Strengthening bargaining position or union shop and economic is s u e s _______________ Union security __ _______________ __ _ __ __ Refusal to sign agreement________________________ Other union organization m a tte rs _______________ 556 189 Job secu rity___________________________________________ Seniority and/or layoff___________________________ Division of work___________________________________ _ Subcontracting_________ New machinery or other technological is s u e s _____________________________________________ Job tran sfers, bumping, etc_____________________ T ransfer of operations or prefabricated g o od s______________________________________________ O ther_______________________________________________ 213 104 Plant adm inistration_________________________________ Physical facilitie s, surroundings, etc__________ Safety m ea su re s, dangerous _____ ___ _ _ __ equipment, e t c _ _ ____ Supervision________________________________________ Shift w ork __________________________________________ Work assignm ents_______ ____ ____ ________ _ ___ Speedup (workload)___________ ______ Work rules_________________________________________ Overtim e work_____________________________________ Discharge and discipline__________________________ O ther 1 ______________________________________________ i | Other working conditions____________________________ Arbitration_________________________________________ Grievance pro ced u res____________________________ Unspecified contract violation s__________________ 596 25 15. 2 12 139 7 1 ,3 0 0 16 ,900 80 37 17 82 10 9,00 0 1 8,000 1 ,7 7 0 ,0 0 0 181,000 8 , 640 4 4 3 ,0 0 0 7. 7 5 3 5 ,0 0 0 5 3 2 ,0 0 0 9 ,2 7 0 5 7 ,7 0 0 28 ,9 0 0 490 13,800 12 175,000 3 6 ,1 0 0 12,500 26 11,900 1 ,4 7 0 ,0 0 0 6 2 4 ,0 0 0 6 8 ,5 0 0 1 79,000 22 6 8 0 ,0 0 0 5 ,4 1 0 4 4 4 ,0 0 0 5 7 ,0 0 0 6 400 2 8 ,4 0 0 99 ,1 0 0 5. 8 37 16. 3 33 5 7 6 ,0 0 0 1 2 ,700 10. 6 3, 130 35. 1 9, 850 3 1 ,5 0 0 4 9 ,7 0 0 38 12 2 ,9 6 0 224 105 9 6 ,4 0 0 3 4 4 ,000 51 9 24 18 1 .4 Inter union or intraunion m a tte rs ___________________ Union rivalry 2 ________________________ ___________ Jurisdiction— representation of w o rk e rs 3 _ _ _ . Jurisdictional— work assignm ent________________ Union adm inistration 4 ____________________________ Sympathy__ ____________ __ ___ ______ O ther_______________________________________________ 454 9 12. 4 Not reported___________________________________________ 24 1 6,700 1. 0 1,0 9 0 1 2 ,000 16 359 5 64 3, 140 3 0 7 ,0 0 0 2 ,6 7 0 1. 3 9 , 280 1 6 1 ,000 3, 240 1 1 6,000 14,2 0 0 2 ,0 0 0 .7 .6 1 7,700 4. 0 3 1 ,1 0 0 1 ,080 2 6 ,7 0 0 3 ,5 0 0 1 1 3 2 ,000 11,4 0 0 10 2,00 0 3 ,6 8 0 6 4 ,9 0 0 520 36. 4 4 7 ,1 0 0 7 ,9 9 0 5 1 ,5 0 0 7 9 ,4 0 0 2 4 1 ,0 0 0 5 2 3 ,0 0 0 3 8 ,6 0 0 5 4 2 ,0 0 0 6 ,7 3 0 ,0 0 0 12 ,200 68 8 ,3 6 0 ,0 0 0 10 0,00 0 13,500 3 ,5 0 0 21 26 44 6 .4 .2 7 ,9 7 0 (5) 1 Includes the nationwide General M otors strike and the Ford strike, both of which involved a variety of issues at the plant level. 2 Includes disputes between unions of different affiliation, such as those between AFD — CIO affiliates and independent organizations. 3 Includes disputes between unions, usually of the same affiliation or 2 locals of the same union, over representation of workers. 4 Includes disputes within a union over the administration of union affairs or regulations. 5 L ess than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 14 Table 6. Work Stoppages by Industry Group, 196^ Stoppages beginning in 1964 Industry group Number M an-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) W orkers involved Number Percent of estimated total working time A ll in d u stries--------------------------------------------- > 3,655 1, 6 4 0 ,0 0 0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 0.18 Manufacturing------------------------------------------------ 1 1 ,7 9 4 9 9 4 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 0.35 8 1 5 4 ,000 0.23 .19 37 6 ,8 2 0 5 4 ,9 0 0 600 8 ,4 4 0 106 2 4 ,7 0 0 2 2 5 ,0 0 0 .07 56 60 79 50 94 7, 110 6 , 930 3 8 ,9 0 0 8 ,6 5 0 9 6 ,9 0 0 1 4 5 ,000 5 8 0 ,0 0 0 8 0 1 ,0 0 0 3 3 7 ,0 0 0 1 6 4 ,0 0 0 .06 .14 .36 .33 .15 .34 4 5 2 ,0 0 0 6 7 ,3 0 0 4 1 2 ,0 0 0 1, 0 1 0 ,0 0 0 .41 .07 .26 .32 12 0,00 0 1 ,5 5 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 4 0 ,0 0 0 .50 .27 6 2 ,7 0 0 3 8 6 ,0 0 0 8 5 9 ,0 0 0 6 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 1.53 , 840 8 ,9 6 0 1 7 0 ,000 146 ,0 0 0 .18 .14 1 1,865 6 4 6 ,0 0 0 7 ,2 1 0 ,0 0 0 2 18 155 944 3, 00Q 8 3 ,4 0 0 2 4 8 ,0 0 0 4 4 ,1 0 0 8 0 8 ,0 0 0 2 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 (3) 0.4 9 .35 257 309 17 125 41 2 0 5 ,0 0 0 6 1 ,6 0 0 830 2 0 ,9 0 0 2 2 ,7 0 0 1 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 4 0 ,0 0 0 10,4 0 0 2 4 5 ,0 0 0 7 0 ,8 0 0 .19 .04 (4) Ordnance and a c c e sso rie s------------------------------------Food and kindred products_______________________ Tobacco manufactures-------------------------------------------Textile m ill products--------------------------------------------Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and sim ilar m a te r ia ls ----------------Lumber and wood products, except furniture----------------------------------------------------------------Furniture and fixtures____________________________ Paper and allied products------------------------------------Printing, publishing, and allied industries------Chem icals and allied products----------------------------Petroleum refining and related industries----Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products ____ _________________________________ ___ Leather and leather products---------- -----------Stone, clay, and glass products------------- ---------Prim ary m etal in du stries-----------------------------------Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment-----Machinery, except electrica l____ _____________ E lectrical machinery, equipment, and supplies____ __________________________________ — Transportation equipment________________________ Professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks---------—---------------------M iscellaneous manufacturing in d u stries------— Nonmanufacturing___ ___________________ — Agriculture, forestry, and fish eries-----------------Mining _____ __________ ____________________ __________ Contract construction_________________________ — Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary se rv ic e s--------------------------------— -----------W holesale and retail tra d e ------------Finance, insurance, and real e sta te ----- ---------S ervices __ ______ Government--------------- -------------------------------------------- 186 1 21 ,000 22 5, 340 67 34 117 173 3 0 ,0 0 0 6 ,0 5 0 2 2 ,8 0 0 8 7 ,7 0 0 228 191 7 9 ,9 0 0 105 120 23 49 6 86 6,00 0 1,6 8 0 1 2 4 ,000 .01 .05 .21 .0 9 .01 (4 ) 1 Stoppages extending into 2 industry groups or m ore have been counted in each industry affected; workers involved and m an-days idle were allocated to the respective groups. 2 Excludes government and agriculture. 3 Not available. 4 L ess than 0.005 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals. 15 Table 7. Work Stoppages by Region,1 1964 and 1963 United States-----------------------------New England Middle A tlantic_____________ ________ F a s t TMrvrtVi P .p n tr a l W est North Central--------------------------South A tlantic-------------- ---------------------East South Central----------------------------W est South C entral--------------------------- Stoppages beginning in— W orkers involved in stoppages beginning in— 1964 Region 1964 1963 M an-days idle (all stoppages) 1964 1963 1963 655 2 3 ,3 6 2 1 ,6 4 0 . 000 941, 000 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 16, 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 273 1, 051 987 253 397 239 188 172 365 227 1, 055 781 246 311 173 156 144 402 6 3 .9 0 0 3 5 4 .0 0 0 6 7 1 .0 0 0 6 3 ,5 0 0 151 .0 0 0 74, 800 5 2 ,3 0 0 2 7 0 .0 0 0 2 1 9 .0 0 0 7 9 .7 0 0 75, 400 4 6 ,4 0 0 2 0 .7 0 0 4 8 ,6 0 0 129 , 0 0 0 7 1 2 .0 0 0 4 , 0 9 0 ,0 0 0 9 ,8 8 0 ,0 0 0 9 2 5 .0 0 0 2 ,4 2 0 , 0 0 0 1 .1 5 0 .0 0 0 6 2 7 .0 0 0 7 7 6 .0 0 0 2 .3 5 0 .0 0 0 911, 0 0 0 4 , 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 3, 220, 000 9 3 1 .0 0 0 1 ,5 4 0 ,0 0 0 1, 000, 000 929 . 0 0 0 4 8 2 .0 0 0 2, 580, 000 2 3, 6 0 .900 69, 400 132, 000 Percent of estimated total working time 1964 1963 18 0. 13 0 .0 8 . 15 .3 7 . 10 . 14 . 18 .0 6 . 19 . 16 0 . 11 0. . . . . . . . . 17 12 10 10 16 10 12 18 1 The regions are defined as follow s: New England— Connecticut, Maine, M assachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Verm ont; Middle Atlantic-— New J ersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; East North Central-— Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and W isconsin; W est North Central-— Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, M issou ri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; South Atlantic— Delaware, District of Columbia, F lorida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and W est Virginia; East South Central— Alabama, Kentucky, M ississip p i, and Tennessee; W est South Central— Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; Mountain— Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New M exico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific — Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 2 Stoppages extending acro ss State lines have been counted in each State affected; w orkers involved and m an-days idle were allocated among the States. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 16 Table 8. Work Stoppages by State, 1964 Stoppages beginning in 1964 State M an-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) Number W orkers involved Number United S ta tes----------------------------- ------------------- 13 .6 5 5 1. 6 4 0 .0 0 0 2 2 .9 0 0 .0 0 0 A la ba m a---------------------- ----------------------------- - -----Alaska-------------------------- ------- -------------------------------A r iz o n a ................. .,......... __________ _______________ A rk a n sa s___ ______________________________________ C a liforn ia---------------------------------------------------------- 83 27, 000 2 4 3 ,0 0 0 18 27 266 92,4 0 0 1,9 1 0 ,0 0 0 6, 270 2 3 ,6 0 0 9, 930 770 3 7 ,9 0 0 4 5 ,4 0 0 1 7 2 ,0 0 0 1 5 4 ,0 0 0 Colorado____________________________________________ C onne c ti cut — — —— —— — —— — — ——— —— —— D elaw are------------ ---------------------------- — ----------D istrict of Colum bia---------------------------------------------Florida---------------------------------------------------------------------r>r>r g ia Hawaii-------------------------------------- - ------ ---------- — -- _ _ ___ — lllinoi s ——————— ——————— ———————— — Indiana — — -------------- ----------------- ------------------ — -------Iowa---------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ --------------Kansas ____ ________ _______ _______ ... - ......- _____ Kentucky____________________ ,_____________ „ _______ Louisiana --------- ---------------------------- ------------ -------------------------- ------Maine ---------------------------------- ------------ ------------------------------------ — — 8 35 66 19 10 106 42 26 23 247 122 69 20 69 48 14 160 2,610 9, 290 19,100 3, 040 1 ,9 9 0 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 5 3 ,8 0 0 2 6 ,5 0 0 20, 700 1, 930 1 4 ,7 0 0 1 ,4 0 0 4 2 2 ,0 0 0 9 3 ,9 0 0 4 1 ,9 0 0 114 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,6 0 0 75, 000 3, 420 1 ,3 2 0 ,0 0 0 4 0 ,6 0 0 1, 590, 000 1 5 ,0 0 0 7, 670 . 03 1 9 1 ,0 0 0 2, 020 1 3 ,0 0 0 1 1 9 ,0 0 0 6 ,4 3 0 2,6 9 0 ,0 0 0 . 38 810 670 1 7 ,7 0 0 4 5 ,1 0 0 5 0 9 ,0 0 0 3 3 6 ,0 0 0 3 7 5 ,0 0 0 14 3 65 91 23 2 6 ,2 0 0 1 9 ,3 0 0 V erm on t ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -------Virginia_____________________________________________ W a shington_______ ___________________________ _______ W est V irgin ia _________________________________________________________ W is consin — — ______ __ ^___ ,________ — __ __ __ ____________ Wyoming------ — ------------- -------- --------------------- 11 1, 210 52 48 95 81 4 1 4 ,2 0 0 2 3 ,2 0 0 3 1 ,1 0 0 4 9 ,9 0 0 550 160,000 2, 120 1, 1, 280 11,200 have been counted in each State affected; Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals. .16 . South C arolina ________________________________________________________ South Dakota ----------------------- — -------- — _______________ — Tennessee -------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------ --------Texas ------------------------------------------ ------------ -----------------------------------------------Utah------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ NOTE: . 16 3 0 6 ,0 0 0 4 ,5 4 0 ,0 0 0 3 5 ,3 0 0 1 3 5 ,0 0 0 Ohio-------------- — ------------ ------------------------------------------------ ---------------Oklahoma-___ ____________________________________________________________ O regon ---------------------------------- ------------------------ --------- ------------ -------Pennsylvania — ------------- ---------------------------------- ------- — Rhode Island -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State lines . 13 . 02 . 11 . 18 . 340 1 Stoppages extending acro ss allocated among the States. .20 3 3 1 ,0 0 0 7, 960 3 6 ,3 0 0 1, 520, 000 5 3 7 ,0 0 0 . 243 14 420 18 17 388 30 6 6 2 ,0 0 0 90,600 New J e r s e y ________________________________________ __ _________________ _____ _____ r ____________ New M exico____ — New V ~ ~ ____________________ -n-_____T-.T-T -— _____1- -T ______ < > rk North Carolina ------------------------------------------------------ -----------------North Dakota ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22 .0 4 .0 8 .4 1 . 01 686,000 95 10 0. 14 . 11 .0 9 . 10 . 16 3 4 ,1 0 0 2 5 ,9 0 0 2 4 9 ,0 0 0 2, 380 8 ,4 7 0 M issou ri -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------Montana______ _ _____ ___________________________ N eb raska --------------- ------------ — ------------------------------------ --------------Nevada ---------------------- — — -------------------- ------------ _ -----------------New Hampshire ------- — — ------------ — ---------- --------------- 19 34 15 10,900 18 245, 000 12 8 ,0 0 0 2 6 5 ,0 0 0 1 8 4 ,0 0 0 41 137 197 37 21 6 9 ,0 0 0 9 5 ,6 0 0 0. 24, 800 5, 880 2 8 ,1 0 0 2 3 ,4 0 0 5, 390 M aryland ------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- ---------------M assachusetts - __ — _____— __ — -------------------------------------------------Michigan __________________________________________________________________ M innesota _____- ___ - __________ ___ ____ ____ __ __________ __ M is s is s ip p i ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22 10,200 Percent of estimated total working time 12, 400 14 7 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 8 0 ,0 0 0 6 3 ,1 0 0 6 3 ,7 0 0 1 0 3 ,0 0 0 2 7 3 ,0 0 0 4 4 1 ,0 0 0 5 8 2 ,0 0 0 1 ,9 9 0 . 11 . 17 . 10 15 32 . 07 .8 3 .02 14 . 14 .2 8 05 . 36 . 03 . 27 .0 9 . .11 . 01 . 01 . 12 . 14 .0 9 . 01 . . . 16 23 06 . 66 .2 6 .0 4 . 16 .4 5 . 21 . 01 workers and m an-days idle were 17 Table 9. Work Stoppages by Metropolitan Area, 1964'1 Stoppages Man-days beginning in idle, 1964 1964 Num W orkers (all stoppages) ber involved Metropolitan area Akron, O hio-------- — Albany— chene ctady— S Troy, N . Y —-^tt___ ___ -_-___ _ Albuquerque, N. M e x --------------------Allentown— Bethlehem— Easton, Pa.— J ________ ___________________ N. Anaheim— Santa Ana— Garden Grove, C a lif2------------ ------ --------- — 32 15, 400 5 9 ,0 0 0 22 3, 850 380 21, 800 5 40 9, 260 168,000 4 2 ,1 0 0 2, 470 17 3, 080 Ann Arbor, Mich----------------------------- 8 20 Atlantic City, N.J---------------------------Bakersfield, C a lif_- - - ____ Baltim ore, Md- - ----- - - 7 9 33 1 3 ,6 0 0 1 6 ,3 0 0 * 690 840 2 7 ,5 0 0 260, 000 2 9 4 ,0 0 0 19*, 500 7, 570 5 6 1 ,0 0 0 Baton Rouge, L a ----------------------------Bay City, Mich —---------------------- ------ 11 8 Birmingham, A la --------------------------Boston, M a s s ---------------------------------- 9 25 60 4, 300 3, 660 1, 490 5i 760 1 6 ,1 0 0 34, 000 6 1 ,5 0 0 5 2 ,7 0 0 9 1 ,2 0 0 198, 000 1 5 ,0 0 0 1 8 ,4 0 0 3, 040 3, 120 970 55, 200 3 4 6 ,0 0 0 33, 500 2 6 ,1 0 0 5, 020 5, 100 1, 190 3 9 ,1 0 0 8, 780 81, 100 150, 000 26, 000 5 1 5 ,0 0 0 19 7 ,0 0 0 1, 310, 000 11 300 8, 720 780 3, 170 1, 960 128 ,0 0 0 12, 300 26, 100 24 1 5 ,6 0 0 12 5 ,0 0 0 19 6, 230 74, 600 3 3 ,3 0 0 28, 800 51, 900 2, 060, 000 Bridgeport, Conn-------------- —---------Buffalo, N. Y - - - .......................... Canton, O hio__r „ ____^ __ ,_..r n _ M , Cedar Rapids, Iow a----------------------Charleston, S .C .------ —-------------- — - 22 Charleston, W. Va--------Chattanooga, Tenn.— Ga- -----Chicago, T 1_________________________ 1 Cincinnati, Ohio— Ky.— Ind—----------Cleveland, Ohio - - ----- 10 8 Colorado Springs, C o lo —------------— Columbus, O hio—---------------------------Corpus Christi, T e x —-------------- ----D allas, Tex— ------ - — — Davenport— Rock Island— Moline, Iowa— -------------- 111 -------------Dayton, Ohio — Decatur, 111 - - ---------- Dpnypr f.nl r ...... > Des M oines, Iowa— ------ —---------- — Detroit, M ich ---------------------------------Dubuque, low a —-----------------------------Eugene, Or e g — --------- — — -----— Evansville, Ind.— y -----------------------K F all R iver, M a ss.— .I—----------------R Fitchburg— eom inster, M a s s -----L Flint, Mich ----- — —Fort Lauderdale— Hollywood, F la ----------------------------Fort Worth, T e x -----— --------------- — F resno, C a lif—-------------------------------P-ity Toy . . Gar y— Hammond— s t Ea Chicago, Ind— — — — — —— Grand Rapids, M ich---------- ------ -----Great F a lls, M on t---------------— -----Hamilton— Middletown, Ohio— — — r.fififi . _ _ ................. Honolulu, Hawaii— -----— — ----Houston, Tex------- — ——— ----- — Huntington— Ashland, W. V a.— y.— hio-------------------------K O Indianapolis, Ind—------------- ------------Jacks on, Mi s s --------------- ----------------- See footnotes at end of table. 34 20 7 5 77 30 68 6 25 5 11 16 18 95 6 6 5, 3, 4, 114, 180 350 590 000 4, 090 760 18 4, 8, 53, 9, 7, 8, 090 12 5 3, 690 190 10 6 2 ,7 0 0 12 1, 650 3, 880 720 1, 750 9 10 6 16 12 6 6 8 21 23 20 18 5 4, 10, 1, 3, 1, 760 190 600 900 300 130, 000 7, 93, 3, 8, 460 400 900 030 450 300 470 180 750 17, 000 1 8 6 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,2 0 0 5 8 ,3 0 0 10, 600 2, 140 6 ,9 3 0 6, 680 7, 040 5 ,8 3 0 1, 040 5 3 ,9 0 0 2 8 ,4 0 0 9 6 ,5 0 0 30, 500 Metropolitan area Jacksonville, F la ------------------------- -------Jersey City, N .J - -----|Johnstown, P a ____ BKansas City, M o.— Kans - ----- IKing s to n— ewbur gh— N | Poughkeepsie, N .Y -----------------— Knoxville, Tenn------ — — Lake Charles, La--------- — — Lancaster, P a ------------- — — T.ansing^ Mir'Vi Las Vegas, N e v ----------------- Lawr en c e— Have r hill, M a ss.— .H _______________________ N Lincoln, N ebr-_____ — _— Little R ock-North Little Rnrlfj Ark Lorain— Elyria, O hio_____________ Los Angeles— Long Beach, C a lif2 ------------------- -----------I Louisville, Ky.— Ind-----------------------Manchester, N.H------------------------— Memphis, Tenn.— r k -------------------A M iam i, F la - - - ----- Milwaukee, W i s - ----- — Minneapolis— St. Paul, Minn — M obile, A la— — - — ----Muncie, Ind- ___ — Muskegon— Muskegon Heights, M ich— — - _ Nashville, T ennNew Bedford, M a s s ---------------------New Haven, Conn—-----------------------New Orleans, La---------------------------New York, N .Y ____________________ Newark, N. J - . , . „ ________________ Norfolk— Portsmouth, Va_________ T ta * T V Oklahoma City, Okla------------------ — Omaha, N ebr.— Iow a- ---------Pate r s on—Clifton— P assaic, N .J ____ - - — Pensacola, F la ____________________ Peoria, 111--------- — Philadelphia, P a .-N .J -----Phoenix, A riz ---------- —------------------Pittsburgh, Pa------------------------------Portland, M aine------—-------------------Portland, Or eg.— ash--------— ----W Providence— Pawtucket— Wa rk R T —M ass .... ..... Provo— rem , Utah— ------------------O — — — Pueblo, C o lo ___ Reading, Pa —______ — __ ——_____ Reno, Nev-------- - — — Richmond, Va— — — — — — Rnrkpstpr N Y Sacramento, C a lif———— ——-----— Saginaw, Mich —-----— —— — —— St. Louis, M o.— Ill______________ — Salt Lake City, U tah------------------ — San Bernardino— iverside— R Ontario, Calif------------------------------ Stoppages beginning in 1964 Num Workers ber involved M an-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) 150 200 440 300 82, 900 60, 200 10, 500 1 9 6 ,0 0 0 16 1, 030 17, 500 7 9 600 4, 610 2, 020 17, 400 530 1 6 ,2 0 0 9 1 ,2 0 0 1 6 ,9 0 0 349, 000 7, 370 750 90 30, 400 440 18 2, 410 9, 100 1 2 ,5 0 0 1 6 3 ,0 0 0 84 3 8 ,7 0 0 997, 000 21 9, 310 240 4, 250 7 ,8 9 0 2 3 ,0 0 0 60, 400 1, 680 2 4 ,2 0 0 2 1 8 ,0 0 0 2 6 7 ,0 0 0 24 1, 550 3, 090 5, 640 1 8 ,9 0 0 5, 920 79, 200 6 1, 230 1, 720 3 8 ,9 0 0 2 5 ,8 0 0 7 35 7 34 11 13 12 10 5 10 5 12 19 31 12 8 13 1, 7, 1, 12, 16 286 82 1, 200 3, 100 10, 900 9 6 ,3 0 0 2 6 ,0 0 0 8 2, 610 5 15 1, 230 270 1 ,8 5 0 260 5, 570 920 2 6 ,0 0 0 49 1 4 ,5 0 0 4 5 3 ,0 0 0 5 31 134 440 39, 600 750 1 6 ,6 0 0 2, 780 4 1 3 ,0 0 0 670, 000 11, 400 184, 000 10 7 490 4, 840 6, 220 47, 800 31 6, 290 7 1, 520 480 5 2 ,8 0 0 8, 330 7, 200 13 20 8 6 83 6 13 7 66,000 6 ,4 9 0 100 24, 400 20, 668,000 3 7 0 ,0 0 0 6, 2, 21, 1, 650 250 940 1 2 ,7 0 0 2, 870 900 5, 860 10, 300 3 3 5 ,0 0 0 1 8 ,4 0 0 58 13 8, 800 1 8 ,2 0 0 8, 110 2 0 7 ,0 0 0 3 1 2 ,0 0 0 1 5 7 ,0 0 0 13 2, 240 6 2 ,6 0 0 10 19 17 12 18 Table 9. Work Stoppages by In ' 'V» 4 s..r Metropolitan area San F rancisco— Oakland, Calif-----San Jose, C a lif-------------------------------Savannah, G a - ...- ..— — .— — Scranton, P a -----------------------------------Seattle— Everett, W ash-------------------South Bend, Ind-------------------------------Spokane, W ash — ----Springfield, 111. Springfield, Mo-------------------------------Springfield, Ohio---------------- ----------Spr ingf ield— Chicope e— Holyoke, M a s s .— Conn - . . . . Stoppages beginning in M an-days idle, 1964 ______1964______ Num Workers (all stoppages) ber involved 13 81 Stoppages beginning in M an-days idle, 1964 1964 Num W orkers (all stoppages) ber involved Metropolitan area Tam pa-6t. Petersburg, F la -------T erre Haute, Ind---------------------------Toledo, Ohio— ic h -----------------------M 810 100 560 * 900 8, 700 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 9 ,5 9 0 1 1 ,8 0 0 Trenton, N.J T uscaloosa, A la----------------------------Utica— Rom e, N .Y _________________ Washington, D .C .-M d .— Va — - 5 7 7, 300 680 750 240, 000 3, 140 7 ,4 7 0 13 560 8, 910 13 20 5 7 11 10, 7 830 2, 590 2, 580 9 ,4 6 0 19, 800 35, 500 2 3 ,0 0 0 19, 500 3 2 ,6 0 0 2 2 ,5 0 0 77, 800 6 ,8 7 0 2, 140 4, 370 1, 920 1 5 7 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,4 0 0 2 3 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,4 0 0 24 2, 150 4, 190 1 ,8 4 0 3, 310 17, 100 5 3 ,6 0 0 3 9 ,7 0 0 25, 900 9, 200 620 1, 760 8, 970 1 3 6 ,0 0 0 1 6 ,8 0 0 14, 300 6 9 ,4 0 0 20 12 5 8 18 5 6 10 2, 620 17 Water bury, C onn——— ——— ——. . . W aterloo, Iowa Wheeling, W . V a.-O h io ___ W ilk e s-B a rre — Hazleton, P a . .— . 1, 550 8, 570 9 25 7 9 ,9 0 0 5 1 1' 000 3 4 ,4 0 0 4, 040 27 7 16 7 15 850 700 420 040 11 6 3, , 4, 1, ’f***1----Continued Stamford, Conn-------------------------------Steubenville— eirton, W Wilmington, D el.— .J .-M d N 12 19 Y nrltj P a ___ Y oungstown— ar r en, Ohio W 10 . 1, 400 2, 210 1 Includes data for each of the metropolitan areas that had 5 stoppages or m ore in 1964. Some metropolitan areas include counties in m ore than 1 State, and hence, an area total m ay equal or exceed the total for the State in which the m ajor city is located. Stoppages in the mining and logging industries are excluded. Intermetropolitan area stoppages are counted separately in each area affected; the w orkers involved and m an-days idle were allocated to the respective areas. 2 From 1952 through 1963, the Los Angeles metropolitan area included the Anaheim— Santa Ana— Garden Grove area, shown separately beginning in 1964. Table 10. Work Stoppages by Affiliation o f Unions Involved, 1964 Stoppages beginning in 1964 Workersi involved Affiliation Number M an-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) Percent Number Percent Number Percent 3 ,6 5 5 AF L -C IO l____ ______________ _______________________ Unaffiliated unions-----------------------------------------------------Single firm unions-----------------------------------------------------Different affiliations 1 -------------------------- -- -----------------No union involved-------------- -------------------------------Not reported----------------------------------------------------------------- 1 100.0 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 2, 771 782 75.8 21.4 .3 1.4 1, 3 8 0 ,0 0 0 193 ,0 0 0 1 3 ,3 0 0 4 8 ,7 0 0 5 ,7 8 0 84.1 11.7 1 9 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,3 5 0 ,0 0 0 5 4 ,3 0 0 8 0 8 ,0 0 0 18,4 0 0 330 85.9 10.3 12 51 36 3 1.0 .1 210 .8 3.0 .4 (2) .2 3.5 .1 (2) 1 Includes work stoppages involving unions of different affiliations— either 1 union or m ore affiliated with A F L — CIO and unaffiliated union or m ore, or 2 unaffiliated unions or m ore. 2 L ess than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 19 Table 1 . Work Stoppages by Contract Status and Size of Stoppage, 1964 1 Stoppages beginning in 1964 Contract status and size of stoppage (number of workers involved) W orkers involved Number Man-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) Percent Number Percent Number Percent A ll stoppages_____ _____________________________ 3 ,6 5 5 100.0 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 2 2 ,9 0 0 , 000 6 and under 20 __ ____________________________________ 20 and under 1 0 0 --------- _ — ---------------------- 718 1 ,4 1 3 697 358 223 206 19.6 38.7 19.1 9.8 8 ,5 6 0 6 8 ,4 0 0 108,000 0.5 4.2 178,000 1 ,0 9 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,2 7 0 ,0 0 0 5 ,7 5 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,4 8 0 ,0 0 0 7 ,9 9 0 ,0 0 0 100 and under 250____________________________________ 250 and under 500____________________________________ 500 and under 1 ,0 0 0 ------ --------------------------------1 ,0 0 0 and under 5, 000____________ - _________________ 5, 000 and under 10, 0 0 0 ______ ____________________ _ 10,000 and o v e r ________________ — — -------- ----Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition___________________________________ 6 and under 2 0 _____ ____________________________ 20 and under 1 0 0 __________ _______ __________ 100 and under 250____________ __________________ 250 and under 500_________________________________ 500 and under 1 ,0 0 0 _________ _ ________________ 1, 000 and under 5, 000___________________________ 5, 000 and under 10, 0 0 0 __________________________ 10, 000 and o v e r _______ __ ___________________ _ Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening)____________ _______________ __ ____ 6 and under 2 0 _______ -____________________________ 20 and under 1 0 0 _________________________________ 100 and under 250_________________________________ 250 and under 500_____ ______ _________________ 500 and under 1 ,0 0 0 _____________ ______________ 1, 000 and under 5, 000___________________________ 5, 000 and under 10, 0 0 0 __________________________ 10, 000 and o v e r _________________________________ During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved)___________________ 6 and under 2 0 __________________________ ______ 20 and under 1 0 0 _____ __ ______________________ 100 and under 250___________________________ - __ 250 and under 500__________ — — --------500 and under 1 ,0 0 0 ------------ ------------------------ ----1, 000 and under 5, 000________ ___________________ 5, 000 and under 10, 0 0 0 ---------------------------------------10,000 and o v e r ------------------------------------------- ------ 22 122,000 6.1 151,000 4 3 2 ,0 0 0 144,000 6 0 7 ,0 0 0 5.6 .6 18 .5 646 248 301 69 15 4 17.7 8 .1 .2 - (') 1,6 1 3 187 623 371 187 106 108 18 13 44.1 5.1 17.0 1, 317 255 455 252 150 109 36.0 7.0 12.4 6.9 4.1 3.0 2.4 4.1 1,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1.9 .4 1 8.8 37.0 6 7 ,0 0 0 2, 890 13,2 0 0 1 0 ,5 0 0 5, 140 2 ,8 9 0 13,1 0 0 19,3 0 0 6.8 8.2 - 6.6 7.5 9.2 26.3 67.0 2, 300 3 1 ,6 0 0 5 6 ,8 0 0 6 4 ,6 0 0 7 3 ,3 0 0 10.2 5.1 2.9 3.0 .5 .4 222,000 120,000 5 2 9 ,0 0 0 4 6 2 ,0 0 0 2 ,9 9 0 22,100 .2 .8 .6 .3 .2 .8 - 1.2 .1 1.9 3.5 3.9 4.5 13.5 7.3 32.3 28.2 .2 1.3 2.4 3.1 4 .4 11.7 1.5 3.5 4 4 .1 .1 3 9 ,8 0 0 5 0 ,5 0 0 7 2 ,8 0 0 191,000 2 4 ,1 0 0 5 8 ,1 0 0 No contract or other contract status _ -----------------6 and under 2 0 ___________________________ ____________________________ 20 and under 1 0 0 100 and under 250 __ --------------------------------- -----250 and under 500- --- ------------------------------------ 500 and under 1 ,0 0 0 - ___ - ______________ ____ 1 ,0 0 0 and under 5, 000_____— -----------------------------5, 000 and under 10, 000 - ---------------------------------10,000 and o v e r ____ ________ ________________ 59 17 26 5 5 4 1.6 11,000 .5 .7 (*) 2 .1 .1 .1 .1 - - 240 1, 150 700 1,6 7 0 2, 110 5, 100 - No information on contract status---------------------------6 and under 2 0 ____ _____ _ ________ _____ — 20 and under 100 - ------ — -------------------------- — 100 and under 250_________________________________ 250 and under 500_________________________________ 500 and under 1, 000------- --------------------------------------1 ,0 0 0 and under 5, 000___________________________ 5, 000 and under 10, 0 0 0 __________________________ 10, 000 and o v e r __________________________________ 20 11 8 .5 .3 850 140 410 .1 88 - 1 - .2 - (1 ) - - . 300 - L ess than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals. .7 .1 .i .i .3 - (M (l) C1) - 100.0 0.8 4.8 6.7 7.2 9.9 25.1 10.8 34.8 1 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0 9 1 ,0 0 0 3 8 0 ,0 0 0 3 2 7 ,0 0 0 106,000 143,000 2 7 4 ,0 0 0 _ 167,000 6.5 .4 1.7 1.4 .5 1 9 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 9 ,2 0 0 5 5 9 ,0 0 0 9 8 5 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,8 3 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0 7 ,4 3 0 ,0 0 0 83.2 2 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0 2 7 ,0 0 0 145,000 2 0 9 ,0 0 0 2 2 6 ,0 0 0 2 6 9 ,0 0 0 8 2 9 ,0 0 0 1 82,000 3 9 0 ,0 0 0 6 3 ,1 0 0 8 ,2 4 0 3 ,3 8 0 7, 540 4 ,4 2 0 3 3 ,7 0 0 5, 850 1 5,300 2 ,4 4 0 3 ,8 2 0 .6 1.2 _ .7 .2 2.4 4.3 5.7 8.0 20.2 10.0 32.4 9.9 .1 .6 .9 1.0 1.2 3.6 .8 1.7 .3 (!) () V) .1 (l) - .1 (!) (l) - 9,000 - ( r) . 20 Table 12. Work Stoppages by Number of Establishments Involved, 1964 Stoppages beginning in 1964 Workers! involved Number of establishments involved 1 Number M an-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages^ Percent Number Percent Number Percent Total_______________________________________________ 3, 655 100.0 1 ,6 4 0 , 000 100.0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 1 establishment------------------------------------------------------------2 to 5 estab lishm en ts-------------------------------------------------6 to 10 establishm ents________________________________ 11 establishments or m ore __________________________ 11 to 49 establishm en ts----------------------------------------50 to 99 establishm en ts----------------------------------------100 establishments or m o r e _____________________ Exact number not known2 ------------------------------------Not reported_________________________________ _______ 2 ,8 4 3 419 133 155 114 77.8 11.5 3.6 4.2 3.1 .3 5 8 2 ,0 0 0 35.5 6 ,6 2 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,8 4 0 ,0 0 0 1,8 9 0 ,0 0 0 9 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 5 0 ,0 0 0 6 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,6 7 0 ,0 0 0 . 7 2 ,4 0 0 1 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 28.9 12.4 8.3 42.7 12 23 6 .6 .2 105 2.9 196,000 1 30,000 5 8 5 ,0 0 0 1 19,000 2 9 5 ,0 0 0 168,000 2 ,7 6 0 1 47,000 12.0 7.9 35.7 7.3 18.0 10.2 .2 9.0 6.8 28.3 7.3 .3 7.8 1 An establishment is defined as a single physical location where business is conducted, or where services or industrial operations are perform ed; for example, a factory, m ill, store, m ine, or farm . A stoppage m ay involve 1 or 2 establishments or m ore of a single em ployer, or it may involve different em ployers. 2 Information available indicates m ore than 11 establishments involved in each of these stoppages. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals. 21 Table 13. Work Stoppages Involving 10,000 Workers or More Beginning in 1964 Approxi mate Beginning duration date (calendar days)1 Jan. 8 8 Establishment(s) and location General M otors C orp., Flint, Mich. Union(s) involved2 Approxi mate number of w orkers involved 2 M ajor term s of settlem ent3 United Automobile W orkers. 1 5 ,0 0 0 Stoppage, which resulted from dispute over p ro duction standards, was terminated following agreement on item s at issue. 14, 000 Stoppage, which resulted from dispute over p ro duction standards, was terminated following agreement on item s at issue. 4 1 8 ,0 0 0 Stoppages resulted mainly from dissatisfaction with the agreement approved on M ar. 23 by the United Mine W orkers' National Policy Com mittee and the Bituminous Coal Operators A s sociation. Work was resum ed in some areas following the signing of agreements, and in others after meetings with International offi cials and the disestablishment of picket lines. Feb. 1 23 Caterpillar Tractor C o., United Automobile East P eoria, Morton, Workers. and M ossville, 111. M ar. 25 18 Bituminous Coal M ines, 111., Ind., K y., Ohio, P a., and W. Va. United Mine W ork ers (Ind.). Illinois Central R ail road, systemwide. Brotherhood of L o comotive F irem en and Enginemen; Brotherhood of Locomotive Engi neers (Ind.); Order of Railway Conduc tors and Brakemen (Ind.); Brotherhood of Railroad Train men. 20, 000 This stoppage, which precipitated a threat of a nationwide rail strike, resulted from the ra il road's refusal to bargain locally on the "w ork ru le s" issu es on which national agreement had not been reached. It was terminated when the parties agreed to President Johnson's request for a 15-day status quo period, during which negotiations would be held on a national basis. Tentative agreement on all issues in dispute was announced on Apr. 22, 1964, 2 days b e fore the expiration of the truce period. Construction Industry, United Association of Journeymen and Cleveland, Ohio, area. Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry; Sheet Metal W ork e rs' International Association; B rick layers, Masons and P la sterers' International Union; International A s s o ciation of Bridge, Structural and Ornamental Iron W orkers. 522, 000 Plumbers and Pipefitters, and Sheet Metal W orke r s ; 3 -ye ar contract providing a 9 5 -c e n t-a n hour wage in crease: 25 cents effective im m e diately; 5 cents effective in November 1964; 30 cents effective in May 1965; and 35 cents effective in May 1966. The Sheet Metal W ork e rs' agreement includes an increase of 1 V2 cents per hour in employer contributions to the industry promotion fund. Apr. 8 May 1 2 39 B rick layers: 3 -ye ar contract providing an increase of $ 1,005 an hour: 30.5 cents effective the first year, and increases of 30 and 40 cents in the second and third years, re sp e c tively. Ironworkers: 3 -ye ar c o n t r a c t providing an hourly increase of $ 1.05: 30 cents effective im m ediately, and increases of 35 and 40 cents in the second and third years, respectively. May 18 2 Utah Public Schools, statewide. June 15 1 July 13 1 10, 000 Teachers returned to work after voting to r e frain from signing contracts for the 1964— 65 school year until additional funds were p ro vided for schools and salaries. M issouri— Kansas— Texas Brotherhood of Railroad C o.; M issou Railroad Trainmen. r i-P a c ific Railroad Co.; The Texas Mexican Railway C o.; Southern Pacific Co.— Texas .and Louisiana Lines; The Texas and Pacific R ail way C o.; The Port Term inal Railway A s sociation of Houston, interstate. 13, 000 Work was resum ed in compliance with Federal Court restraining orders. Ohio Contractors A s s o ciation, statewide. 20, 3 - y e a r c o n t r a c t providing a 75-cent-an-hour increase in wage and fringe benefits in the Cleveland area, and 55-cen ts-an -h o u r through out the remainder of the State; earth-spreading equipment operators will receive an additional 15 cents over the 3 -y e a r period. See footnotes at end of table. Utah Education Association. International Union of Operating Engineers. 000 22 Table 13. Work Stoppages Involving 10,000 Workers or More Beginning in 1964----Continued Beginning date Sept. 9 Approxi mate duration (calendar days)1 2 Establishment(s) and location Union(s) involved 2 Chrysler Corp., United Automobile W orkers. Indianapolis, Ind., and Detroit, Mich. Sept. 25 45 General Motors Corp., interstate. United Automobile W orkers. Oct. 1 (7) Long shoring Industry, East and Gulf Coast ports. International Long shorem en's Association. Oct. 13 6 Caterpillar Tractor Co., United Automobile W orkers. Aurora, Decatur, Morton, M ossville, East Peoria, 111.; York, P a .; and Davenport, Iowa. Approxi mate number of w orkers involved2 M ajor term s of settlem ent3 12,000 Stoppages, which occurred at 4 plants over local issu e s, were terminated at request of union officials. Agreem ent on a national contract was reached on Sept. 9, shortly before the union's strike deadline. 2 7 5 ,0 0 0 Stoppage involved a number of contract issu es at the plant and company level, m ainly of a noneconomic character, such as production standards, overtime practices, seniority, r e lief tim e, and union representation. The national contract, 6 on which agreement had been reached in early October, was approved by the union m em bership over the weekend of Oct. 24 and 25, following which employees at plants where local issu es had been resolved returned to their jo bs. The strike was te rm i nated at the remaining plants as agreement was reached on local issu es. 5 3 ,0 0 0 4 - y e a r c o n t r a c t s , retroactive to Oct. 1, p ro viding an 80-cen t-an -h o u r increase in wage and fringe benefits, were negotiated in all ports. Local contracts included provisions for a phased reduction in gang size and a guar anteed annual wage in the Ports of New York and Philadelphia; and a minimum gang clause for W est Gulf and South Atlantic ports. 22,000 3 - y e a r c o n t r a c t providing a general in crease of 4 cents an hour to eliminate inequi ties and to achieve a uniform wage structure by Jan. 1966; 2.5-percent improvement factor increase effective Oct. 1965, and 2.8 percent effective Oct. 1966; 10 cents of 15 cents c o st-o f-liv in g allowance (including 1 cent effective Sept. 1964) incorporated into rates and escalation continued; 16 cents night-shift differential (was 14 cents). Eighth and ninth paid holidays, day after Thanks giving and New Y e a r's Eve; $ 56 a week m ax imum payment from SUB (was $ 4 0 ); vacation bonus from payments to SUB after it reaches maximum funding; $ 6 monthly pension for each yea r's service to employees retiring after Oct. 1, 1965, at age 62 or over. Oct. 16 7 Am erican Motors Corp., United Automobile W ork ers. 4 (Motors Grand Rapids, M ich.; Division) Kenosha and Milwau kee, W is. 7 (Kelvinator Division) 2 5 ,0 0 0 3 - y e a r c o n t r a c t containing a modification of the profit-sharing plan negotiated in 1961. Under the revised plan, a 1 3 .2 —cent hourly ceiling is established on company contribu tions, the employees to be reim bursed in cash rather than in shares of stock and supplemen tary benefits. Remaining provisions of con tract are generally sim ilar to those adopted in 1964 by Ford, General M otors, and C h ry sle r.8 Nov. 6 19 United Automobile Ford Motor C o., 6 W orkers. States; Alabama, Illi nois, Kentucky, M ich igan, New York, and T exas. 25, 000 Work was resum ed as agreements were reached on local issu es. Agreem ent on national con tract was reached p r i o r to the stoppage. Nov. 8 11 A llis-C h a lm ers Manu United Automobile facturing C o., 4 States; W orkers. Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and W isconsin. 11,000 3 -y e a r contract; 2.5-p ercen t (minimum 6 cents) a n n u a l improvement factor deferred u n t i l Nov. 1, 1965; additional 2.8—percent (minimum 7 cents) annual improvement factor effective Nov. 1, 1966; eighth and ninth paid holi days, day after Thanksgiving and New Y e a r's Eve; 3 weeks' vacation after 10 years (was 15) and 4 weeks after 20 years (was 25); $ 4 .2 5 monthly pension for each year of credited service (was $ 2.80) to employees retiring after Nov. 1, 1965, and full retirem ent at age 62 (was 65); company assum es full cost of life and accidental death and dism em berm ent in surance (was 50— 50 contribution); 52 weeks' sickness and accident benefits (was 26 w eeks); increased surgical benefits schedule; increased weekly benefits a n d separation pay under SUB fund. See footnotes at end of table. 23 Table 13. Work Stoppages Involving 10,000 Workers or More Beginning in 1964— Continued Beginning date Nov. 12 Approxi mate duration (calendar days)1 13 Establishment(s) and location Pacific Coast A s s o c i ation of Pulp and Paper Manufacturers, California, Oregon, and Washington. Union(s) involved 2 Association of W estern Pulp and Paper W orkers (Ind.).91 0 Approxi mate number of workers involved2 1 9 ,0 0 0 M ajor term s of settlem ent3 8 7 6 5 4 Contract, which expires on M ar. 15, 1967, provides a 4-percent general wage increase, plus an additional 5 cents to women, re tro active to June 1, 1964; additional 10 cents effective Junel, 1965; eighth paid holiday, July 3; companies to pay $ 2 .5 0 a month toward e m p loyee's cost of dependents' hospitalization, surgical, and m edical benefits; improved m eal allowance; improved provision for down time. The agreement provides also for a full union shop under certain conditions: All workers hired after June 1, 1964, must join, and those who were m em bers prior to that date must rem ain in the union. In individual plants, a full union shop is to apply where 80 percent of the workers join within 120 days of the e f fective date of the agreement, or where the union is able to win the vote of 70 percent of the employees in an election. Nov. 12 Dec. 7 8 12 New York Telephone C o., statewide. Communications W orkers of A m erica. Food Em ployers Council— Retail Food Stores, southern California. Amalgamated Meat Cutters. 10 19, 000 W orkers returned to their jobs at request of union officials. Issue in dispute was submitted to arbitration. 10, 000 3 - y e a r c o n t r a c t providing increases of $ 5 a week for head m eatcutters, $ 4 a week for journeymen and $ 3 a week for wrappers in December of each of the 3 years; $6.25 hourly Sunday rate for journeymen (was $ 6 ) ; f o u r t h week vacation after 20 yea rs; effective 1966, 14 cents hourly company payment to pension fund (was 10 cents) to provide $ 3 .50 monthly pension for each ye a r's credited service (was $ 2 .7 5 ), normal retirem ent at age 60 (was 65) and early retirement at age 50; companies to pay addi tional 2 cents hourly maximum to health and w elfare fund (previously paid $ 1 1 .7 6 monthly), and 3 cents an hour to SUB and disability benefit fund (was 2 cents); company-paid p re scription drug plan established; funeral leave; 2 -y e a r apprenticeship schedule (was 3) and ratio of apprentices to journeymen increased. 1 Includes nonworkdays, such as Saturdays, Sundays, and established holidays. 2 The unions listed are those directly involved in the dispute, but the number of workers involved m ay include m em bers of other unions or nonunion w orkers idled by disputes in the same establishments. Number of workers involved is the maximum number made idle for 1 shift or longer in establishments directly involved in a stoppage. This figure does not m easure the indirect or secondary effects on other establishments or industries whose employees are made idle as a result of m aterial or service shortages. 3 Adapted largely from Current Wage Developments, published monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 4 Peak idleness occurred during the Apr. 1— period. 6 5 Peak idleness occurred during the May 11— 27 period. 6 See Current Wage Developments, Nov. 1, 1964, for details of this agreement. 7 1-day s t o p p a g e , on Oct. 1 was terminated by a 10-day Federal Court restraining order, issued under provisions of the Labor-M anagem ent Relations (Taft-H artley) Act. Sporadic stoppages occurred in several ports in late Decem ber, following the expiration of the 80-d ay injunction. The stoppage was resumed in all ports on Jan. 11, 1965, and remained in effect at some ports until M ar. 12. For additional details, see appendix B of this report. 8 For details, see Current Wage Developments, Nov. 1, 1964. 9 See discussion on p. 3, footnote 3. 1 The number of workers involved increased as the stoppage p rogressed, reaching its peak on Nov. 19. 0 24 Table 14. Work Stoppages by Duration and Contract Status, Ending in 1964 1 Stoppages Duration and contract status W orkers involved M an-days idle Number Percent Number Percent Number 3, 660 100.0 1 ,5 9 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 2 2 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 100.0 1 day--------------------------------------------------------------------------2 to 3 d a y s _____________ _______ __ . . . . . . . . . . . . . __ __ 4 to 6 d a y s _________________________________________ 7 to 14 days-------------------------------------------------------------15 to 29 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------30 to 59 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------------60 to 89 d a y s _______________________________________ 90 days and o v e r __________________________________ 414 564 548 816 548 442 139 189 11.3 15.4 15.0 22.3 15.0 12.1 3.8 5.2 180,000 2 0 2 ,0 0 0 186,000 2 8 5 ,0 0 0 1 98,000 4 5 8 ,0 0 0 3 2 ,2 0 0 5 3 ,1 0 0 11.3 12.7 11.7 17.9 12.4 28.7 2.0 3.3 180,000 4 1 5 ,0 0 0 6 1 6 ,0 0 0 1 ,8 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,3 8 0 ,0 0 0 1 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,7 5 0 ,0 0 0 0.8 1.8 2.7 7.9 10.5 48.2 7.2 20.9 Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition_________________________________ 1 day--------- --------------------------------------------------------2 to 3 d a y s ______________________________________ 4 to 6 d a y s ______________________________________ 7 to 14 days--------------------------------------------------------15 to 29 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------30 to 59 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------60 to 89 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------90 days and o v e r _______________________________ 651 33 58 70 136 105 124 41 84 17.8 .9 1.6 1.9 3.7 2.9 3.4 1.1 2.3 6 9 ,1 0 0 2 ,9 5 0 4, 560 6, 320 2 8 ,7 0 0 6, 140 9, 760 4 ,3 3 0 6, 280 4.3 .2 .3 .4 1.8 .4 .6 .3 .4 1 ,6 5 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,9 5 0 9 ,9 7 0 2 2 ,5 0 0 2 3 0 ,0 0 0 9 3 ,6 0 0 2 6 8 ,0 0 0 2 4 6 ,0 0 0 7 8 0 ,0 0 0 7.3 (1 2) (2) .1 1.0 .4 1.2 1.1 3.4 Renegotiation of agreement (expiration nr rpnppning)r 1 day--------------------------------------------------------------------2 to 3 d a y s________ _________ ____________________ 4 to 6 d a y s----------- -------------------------------------------7 to 14 days _ _____ _____ 15 to 29 d a y s ___________________________________ 30 to 59 days ____ ___ ___ __ __________ ___ ______ 60 to 89 d a y s _______________________ ____________ 90 days and o v e r _______________________________ 1 ,600 94 150 186 412 319 271 78 90 43.7 2.6 4.1 5.1 11.3 8.7 7.4 2.1 2.5 1 ,0 5 0 ,0 0 0 7 7 ,1 0 0 7 4 ,7 0 0 9 5 ,7 0 0 157,000 140,000 4 3 4 ,0 0 0 2 5 ,5 0 0 4 6 ,0 0 0 65.8 4.8 4.7 6.0 9.9 8.8 27.2 1.6 2.9 1 8 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 7 7 ,1 0 0 140,000 3 2 4 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 7 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,9 2 0 ,0 0 0 82.2 .3 .6 1.4 4.5 6.9 45.5 5.6 17.2 During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved)___________________ 1 day_____________________________________________ 2 to 3 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------------4 to 6 d a y s ---------------------------------------------------------7 to 14 days--------------------------------------------------------15 to 29 d a y s -----------------------------------------------------30 to 59 d a y s _________ ________ __. . . . ___ _______ 60 to 89 d a y s _______ __________________________ 90 days and o v e r _______________________________ 1, 333 271 340 281 252 117 41 17 14 36.4 7 .4 9.3 7.7 6.9 3.2 1.1 .5 .4 4 6 3 ,0 0 0 9 4 ,8 0 0 122,000 8 2 ,8 0 0 9 6 ,6 0 0 5 1 ,4 0 0 1 3,700 1, 730 820 29.1 5.9 7.6 5.2 6.1 3.2 .9 .1 .1 2, 3 2 0 ,0 0 0 9 4 ,8 0 0 2 6 2 ,0 0 0 2 6 3 ,0 0 0 5 3 0 ,0 0 0 6 9 5 ,0 0 0 330 ,0 0 0 8 9 ,5 0 0 5 4 ,1 0 0 10.2 .4 1.2 1.2 2.3 3.1 1.5 .4 .2 No contract or other contract statu s____________ 1 day_____________________________________________ 2 to 3 d a y s______________________________________ 4 to 6 d a y s ______ ______________________________ 7 to 14 days_________ __________________________ 15 to 29 d a y s __________ _________ __ _________ 30 to 59 d a y s _. . . _____ ______ ____________ ___ _ 60 to 89 d a y s___________________________________ 90 days and o v e r ________ ____________________ 57 15 14 8 11 4 2 3 - 1.6 .4 .4 .2 .3 .1 .1 .1 - 1 1,000 4, 640 1 ,610 1 ,480 1,8 8 0 660 40 650 - .7 .3 .1 .1 .1 5 7 ,0 0 0 4 ,6 4 0 2 ,9 8 0 5, 840 4, 040 1 1 ,700 1, 040 2 6 ,7 0 0 - .3 (2) (2) (2) (2) .1 (2) No information on contract status_______________ 1 d a y ------------------------------ ---------------------------------2 to 3 d a y s ------------- ------------------ ----------4 to 6 d a y s -___ _____ ___ . . . . . ______ _______ ______ 7 to 14 days___ __________________________________ 15 to 29 d a y s _______ ___ _________________ 30 to 59 d a y s __ ___ _________ ___ _____ ________ 60 to 89 d a y s ___ ___ ___________ __________ ___ 90 days and o v e r . ___ ._ _ . . . ______________ 19 1 2 3 5 3 4 .5 (2) .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 830 90 20 90 150 110 370 14,900 90 50 340 880 1,9 5 0 11,0 0 0 _ 530 .1 A ll stoppages_________________________________ - 1 - (2) 0 (2) (2) .1 (2) () () () () (2) - 10 (2) Percent - 0 (2) (2) (2) (2) (2) (*) 1 The totals in this table differ from those in preceding tables as these (like the average duration figures shown in table 1) relate to stoppages ending during the year, and thus include idleness occurring in prior years. 2 L ess than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals. 25 Table 15. Mediation in Work Stoppages by Contract Status, Ending in 1964 Stoppages Mediation agency and contract status Number W orkers involved Percent Number Percent Man-days idle Number Percent 3 ,6 6 0 100.0 1, 590, 000 100.0 22, 700, 000 100.0 Government m ediation1- -------------——— —------ -----F e de r al _____ ________________________ ,_____ . _ State ■___ ___ - _________ - ______ ............... ... . Federal and State mediation combined—— — Other ----— ----- ----- . -------------- —------ — Private mediation---------- ——— No mediation reported—------- —------------—------------— No information __ 1, 775 1, 229 224 276 46 47 1, 837 1 48.5 33.6 6.1 7.5 1.3 1.3 50.2 (2) 730, 000 5 2 4 ,0 0 0 1 9 ,7 0 0 140, 000 4 6 ,7 0 0 5, 290 8 5 8 ,0 0 0 20 45.8 32.9 1.2 8.8 2.9 .3 53.8 (2) 13, 800, 000 10, 500, 000 2 7 9 ,0 0 0 2, 220, 000 7 8 3 ,0 0 0 23, 700 8, 920, 000 60 60.6 46.2 1.2 9.8 3.4 .l 39.3 (2) Negotiation of first agreem ent— -----------------— — Government mediation------- —------------------------— Fe de r a l _r i _________,,_____T r ___ _______________ State___________________ „„ ________________ „_ Federal and State mediation combined— Other —________ - ____ —______- ____________ __ Private mediation--------------------------------------------No mediation reported—— -------------------------- — No information-------------------------------------------------- 651 311 211 60 35 5 9 331 - 17.8 8.5 5.8 1.6 1.0 .1 .2 9.0 - 69, 100 49, 700 4 4 ,1 0 0 2, 810 2, 230 540 390 1 8 ,9 0 0 - 4.3 3.1 2.8 .2 .1 (2 ) (2 ) 1.2 - 1, 650, 000 1, 250, 000 1, 070, 000 93, 300 76, 500 2, 180 4, 030 4 0 4 ,0 0 0 - 7.3 5.5 4.7 .4 .3 (2 ) (2) 1.8 - Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening)_______________ —— ________________ Government mediation— __________ — —— _____ F e d e ra l----------------------------------- „ ---------r State — ------ — Federal and State mediation combined— O ther____________________ ,___________ r ____ Private mediation—_____— — __ — ____ — No mediation reported - — __ No information — — — 1, 600 1, 306 936 122 225 23 13 281 - 43.7 35.7 25.6 3.3 6.1 .6 .4 7.7 - 1, 050, 000 5 9 1 ,0 0 0 4 1 9 ,0 0 0 1 3 ,2 0 0 120, 000 3 8 ,4 0 0 930 4 5 7 ,0 0 0 - 65.8 37.1 26.3 .8 7.6 2.4 .1 28.7 - 18, 700, 000 11, 700, 000 8, 780, 000 162, 000 1, 960, 000 7 5 6 ,0 0 0 3, 550 7, 020, 000 - 82.2 51.3 38.6 .7 8.6 3.3 (2) 30.9 - During term of agreement (negotiation of — new agreement not involved)—-------------— Government mediation - - — - ------ m F e d e ra l___________ ^____ „ ___________________ State ---------- — — — Federal and State mediation combined— O ther_______________________________________ Private mediation— ------ — ------ — — ------ --------No mediation reported— ___________________ No information-------------------------------------------------- 1, 333 152 79 40 16 17 22 1, 159 - 36.4 4 .2 2.2 1.1 .4 .5 .6 31.7 - 4 6 3 ,0 0 0 8 8 ,8 0 0 60, 200 3, 550 17, 200 7, 810 3, 350 3 7 1 ,0 0 0 - 29.1 5.6 3.8 .2 1.1 .5 .2 23.3 - 2, 320, 000 867, 000 6 3 6 ,0 0 0 21, 700 1 8 6 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,7 0 0 13, 400 1 ,4 4 0 , 000 - 10.2 3.8 2.8 .1 .8 .1 .1 6.3 - No contract or other contract status —---------- --Government mediation____ _____________—— — ______________ Federal „_____.____ _____ _____ r State_________ ,_______________________________ Federal and State mediation combined— Other —__ — . — — Private mediation-------------- —-----—______ ——__ No mediation reported — — — — - No information 57 2 1 . 1 3 52 - 1.6 .1 (2) .7 (2) (2 ) 57, 000 510 180 _ _ 330 2, 750 53, 700 - .3 (2) (2 ) (2) .1 1.4 - 1 1 ,0 0 0 70 60 _ 10 620 10, 300 - No information on contract status---------------------Government mediation________________________ F ederal „___ ^ T^-T r -T ------- „n .Tr T ^ -----, n -^_T ------------------State - ___ — - - — Federal and State mediation combined— Other —— _ - — — — — — — Private mediation— __ - ___ No mediation reported—---------------------------------No information ______ —— — — — 19 4 2 2 _ 14 1 .5 .1 .1 .1 _ _ _ .4 (2) 830 420 310 100 _ _ 400 20 A ll stoppages _ _ (2 ) (2 ) .6 .1 (2 ) (2 ) (2) (2) (2 ) 1 Includes 8 stoppages, involving 940 w orkers, in which private mediation, also, was employed. 2 L ess than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 1 4 ,9 0 0 11, 000 9, 210 1, 770 _ _ _ 3 ,8 5 0 60 _ (2 ) (2) .2 .1 (2) (2) (2 ) _ (2) (2 ) 26 Table 16. Settlement of Stoppages by Contract Status Ending in 1964 Stoppages W orkers involved M an-days idle Contract status and settlement Number Percent Number Percent Number 3 ,6 0 0 100. 0 1 ,5 9 0 ,0 0 0 100. 0 22, 700, 000 100. 0 3, 295 90 . 0 1 ,5 2 0 ,0 0 0 95. 5 2 1 ,8 0 0 ,0 0 0 95. 8 333 32 9. 1 .9 7 0 ,5 0 0 1, 350 4. 4 . 1 8 1 8 ,0 0 0 1 4 1 ,000 3. 6 .6 Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition________________________________________ Settlement reached____________________________ No form al settlem ent__________________________ Em ployer out of business_____________________ 651 487 150 14 17. 8 13. 3 4. 1 .4 6 9 ,1 0 0 6 2 ,3 0 0 6, 260 470 4. 3 3 .9 .4 1 ,6 5 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,2 6 0 ,0 0 0 3 7 1 ,0 0 0 2 2 ,9 0 0 7. 5. 1. . 3 5 6 1 Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or reopening)__ __________________________________ Settlement reached____________________________ No form al settlem ent__________________________ Em ployer out of b usiness_____________________ 1 ,6 0 0 1 ,525 68 7 4 3 .7 41. 7 1 .9 . 2 1 ,0 5 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 2 1 ,1 0 0 470 65. 8 64. 5 1. 3 1 8 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 8 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 7 7 ,0 0 0 1 06,000 82. 80. 1. . 2 5 2 5 During term of agreem ent (negotiation of new agreem ent not involved)___________________ Settlement reached____________________________ No form al settlem ent__________________________ Em ployer out of business_____________________ 1, 333 1, 222 101 10 3 6 .4 3 3 .4 2. 8 . 3 4 6 3 ,0 0 0 4 2 1 ,0 0 0 4 2 ,0 0 0 350 29. 1 2 6 .4 2 .6 No contract or other contract statu s____________ Settlement reached____________________________ No form al settlem ent__________________________ Em ployer out of b usin ess_____________________ 57 43 13 1 1. 6 1. 2 .4 11,0 0 0 9 , 800 1, 090 60 .7 .6 . 1 No information on contract status_______________ Settlement reached____________________________ No form al settlem ent__________________________ Em ployer out of b usiness_____________________ 19 18 1 .5 .5 A ll stoppages_________________________________ Settlement reached________________________________ No form al settlement— work resum ed (with old or new w orkers)_____________________________ Em ployer out of b usin ess_________________________ (*) (*) 830 820 10 1 L e ss than 0. 05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. n (M (M (l ) ; i Percent 2 ,3 2 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,1 5 0 ,0 0 0 158,000 1 2,300 10. 2 9 .5 . 7 5 7 ,0 0 0 4 5 ,6 0 0 11,2 0 0 120 . 3 . 2 1 4,900 1 4,700 140 * 1 (M (M . i . i i 1) 27 Table 17. Procedure for Handling Unsettled Issues in Work Stoppages by Contract Status Ending in 1964 Stoppages Procedure for handling unsettled issues and contract status Number W orkers involved Percent Number Percent Man-days idle Number Percent 100.0 2, 160, 000 100.0 100 900 440 200 740 33.9 50.4 2.0 11.4 2.2 1 ,2 6 0 ,0 0 0 7 4 8 ,0 0 0 47, 500 9 5 ,3 0 0 1 5 ,4 0 0 58.1 34.6 2.2 4.4 .7 6, 320 660 5, 140 520 10 - 3.8 .4 3.1 .3 (2) 2 4 5 ,0 0 0 7, 190 2 1 7 ,0 0 0 1 9 ,8 0 0 400 - 11.3 .3 10.0 .9 (2) 38.2 14.0 23.0 1.2 1, 520, 000 1, 130, 000 377, 000 1 7 ,6 0 0 542 100.0 Arbitration Direct negotiations------------------------------------------------R eferral to a government agency-— ---------- — ----________________ Other m eans__________ , __________ n Other information----------------------- —---------------------- — 102 136 32 270 2 18.8 25.1 5.9 49.8 .4 Negotiation of first agreement or union recognition----------------- --------------------------------------- — Arbitration--_______ - ___________________________ Direct negotiations------------------------------------— — R eferral to a government agency------------------ Othe r me ans _____ __ ___________________________ Other information---------------------------------------------- 53 12 26 14 1 - 9.8 2.2 4.8 2.6 .2 - Renegotiation of agreement (expiration or re opening)_______ --------------------- , ----------------------r Arbitrati nn Direct negotiations.-------------—---------- ----------- — R eferral to a government agency—-------------— Othe r me ans____________________________________ Other information—__________________________— 79 31 40 8 - 14.6 5.7 7.4 1.5 405 59 67 8 269 2 74.7 10.9 12.4 1.5 49.6 .4 97, 300 3 2 ,9 0 0 40, 600 870 19, 100 3, 740 3 .6 390 - - 3 - .6 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 20 2 .4 .4 - - A ll stoppages covered 1------------- ------- —------ — During term of agreement (negotiation of new agreement not involved)--------------------- --------Arbitration^_______ _____________________________ D irect negotiations____________________________ R eferral to a government agency------------------Other me ans— ____ — — — ___,-,,.r -r-----------„T 1 Other information-_____________________________ No contract or other contract statu s-------------- — Ar bitratio n--^_______________________________ —_r D irect negotiations —______ ____________________ R eferral to a government agency-------------------Other means - ----Other information — — — No information on contract status-----------------------A-rhitratirm---------------------------------------------------------D irect negotiations ——————————————— — R eferral to a government agency— —— — Other means ----— — ----Other information— - - - — - 168 .0 0 0 57, 84, 3, 19, 3. o4, 23, 38, 2, 300 500 800 030 - - - - - - - - 70.3 52.1 17.4 .8 - 57.8 19.6 24.1 .5 11.4 2.2 39 6 ,0 0 0 123 ,0 0 0 152 ,0 0 0 9, 740 9 4 ,9 0 0 1 5 ,4 0 0 18.3 5.7 7.0 .4 4.4 .7 .2 900 (2) - 390 - - .2 - (2) - - 20 (2) - - - 900 - 450 - 450 - (2) - (2) - (2) - 1 Excludes stoppages on which there was no information on issues unsettled or no agreement on procedure for handling. 2 L ess than 0.05 percent. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 28 Appendix A. Tables----Work Stoppages Table A-l. W ork Stoppages by Industry, 1964 Stoppages beginning in 1964 Workers Number involved Industry Man-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) A ll in d u s t r ie s ______________________ l 3,655 1,640,000 22, 90 0,00 0 M anufacturing_______________________ 11,794 994 ,0 0 0 15 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 O rdnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ------------------------A m m unition, except for sm a ll a r m s ___________________________ Tanks and tank c o m p o n e n ts ----------------O rdnance and a c c e s s o r ie s , not e ls ew h ere c la s s i f ie d _________________ 8 6 ,8 2 0 154,000 3 2 2,440 3,920 12,800 130,000 3 470 10,900 F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s _______________ M eat p r o d u c ts __________________________ D a iry p r o d u c ts _________________________ Canning and p r e s e r v in g fru its , veg eta b les, and s e a fo o d s -----------------G rain m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________ B akery p r o d u c ts ________________________ 186 35 14 54,900 8,9 0 0 1,680 14 15 29 4 5, 070 4 ,7 7 0 6 ,0 1 0 2, 750 6 46 3, 890 18,300 C o n fection ery and rela ted B ev era g e in d u stries___________________ M iscella n eou s food p reparation s and kindred p r o d u c ts_________________ T o b a c c o m an u factu res------------------------------C ig a r s ___________________________________ T e x tile m ill p r o d u c t s _____________________ B roadw oven fa b r ic m ills , c o t to n _____ B roadw oven fa b r ic m ills , m anm ade fib e r and s ilk _________________________ B roadw oven fa b r ic m ills , w o o l: Including dyeing and fin is h in g _______ N arrow fa b r ic s and other s m a llw a res m ills : Cotton, w o o l, s ilk , and m anm ade fib e r _____________ Knitting m i l l s __________________________ Dyeing and finishing te x tile s , except w o o l fa b r ic s and k n itg o o d s---------------F lo o r c o v e rin g m ills ___________________ Yarn and thread m i l l s _________________ M iscella n eou s textile g o o d s___________ A p p a re l and other fin ish ed p rod u cts m ade fro m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m atpria ls . .. ... _ M e n 's , y ou th s ', and b o y s ' su its, c o a ts , and o v e r c o a t s _________________ M e n 's , y o u th s ', and b o y s ' fu rn ish in g s, w ork cloth in g, and a llied g a r m e n ts __________________ W om e n 's , m is s e s ', and ju n io r s ' o u te rw e a r _ _ ___ W om e n 's , m is s e s ', c h ild r e n 's , a«rl infants' nnd erga rm e n ts ............ H ats, c a p s , and m illin e r y ________________ G ir l s ', c h ild r e n 's , and infants' o u t e r w e a r ___________________________________ Fur g o o d s _____________________________________ M iscella n eou s app arel and flrrpfisnriftfi . ...... M iscella n eou s fa b rica ted textile 23 3, 540 1 1 600 600 37 2 8 ,4 4 0 1, 140 Industry Stoppages beginning in 1964 Workers Number involved Man-days idle, 1964 (all stoppages) M anufacturing— Continued F u rn iture and fix tu r e s ___________________ H ousehold fu r n itu r e ___________________ O ffic e fu rn itu re________________________ P u b lic building and rela ted fu rn itu re . __ _ P a rtitio n s , sh elvin g, lo c k e r s , and o ffic e and s to r e fix t u r e s ___ ___ M is ce lla n e o u s furniture and f ix t u r e s ----------------------------------------------- 60 39 7 6 ,930 3,740 1,570 145,000 75 ,4 0 0 31,300 20,400 866,000 P a p e r and a llie d p r o d u c t s _______________ 8 5,900 P u lp m ills ___________________ ______ _ 8, 360 P a p e r m ills , except building p a p e r m ills ___________________________ 74 ,5 0 0 P a p e rb o a rd m i l l s _____________________ 146,000 C on verted pap er and p ap erb oard 61, 100 p r o d u c ts , excep t con tain ers 7 ,7 4 0 and bo x e s ... . . ... P a p e rb o a rd con tain ers 62,600 _ __ and b o x e s ______________ 377,000 Building pap er and building board m i l l s __________________________ 43, 000 1,680 1,680 124,000 4 2,700 2 390 7 ,2 0 0 3 1,630 3,530 3 5 400 290 5 ,7 4 0 24,400 3 2 4 13 220 170 190 4, 020 24,700 2 20 8 1, 140 59 14,000 8 2 1, 510 30 9 1 1, 310 20 C o m m e r c ia l printing__________________ M anifold bu sin e ss fo rm s m anufacturin g________________________ Bookbinding and rela ted in d u s t r ie s ____________________________ S e r v ic e indu stries fo r the printing t r a d e ________________________ 8,0 2 0 690 3,010 28,600 106 P rin tin g, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s _______________________________ N ew spapers: P u blish in g, publishing and prin tin g__________________________ P e r io d ic a ls : P u blish in g, publishing and printing C h em ica ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s __________ Industrial in organ ic and o rg a n ic c h e m ic a ls ____________________________ P la s t ic s m a te r ia ls and synthetic r e s in s , synthetic ru b b e r, synthetic and other m anm ade fib e r s , except g la s s ---------------------------------------------------225,000 D r u g s .......................... Soap, d etergen ts and cleaning 90 p re p a ra tio n s , p e r fu m e s , c o s m e tic s , and other to ile t p re p a ra tio n s _________________________ 26,300 P a in ts, v a r n is h e s , la c q u e r s , en am els, and a llie d p r o d u c t s ..... 38,000 Gum and w ood c h e m ic a ls _____________ 9 ,9 2 0 A g r i c u l t u r a l c h e m i c a l s _________ 1,060 M isce lla n e o u s ch e m ic a l p r o d u c t s ______________________________ 4 ,8 2 0 140 P e tro le u m refining and re la te d 9 ,8 6 0 in du stries _ . .... .. P e tro le u m r e fin in g ________________________ 134,000 P aving and roofin g m a te ria ls M isce lla n e o u s p rod u cts o f p etroleu m and c o a l ______________________ 5 280 12 6 ,4 0 0 56 7, 110 100 2,840 1,650 46 ,1 0 0 ____ 25 W ooden c o n ta in e rs _____________________ M is cella n eou s w ood p ro d u cts ____________ 13 3,040 230 900 570 650 5, 350 4 400 12,700 79 - 38,900 - 580 ,000 2 470 17 10 28,000 1,570 369,000 2 2,000 24 2, 830 5 5 ,200 25 3,530 52 ,4 0 0 3 2,960 8 0,600 50 8,6 5 0 801,000 14 5 ,320 324,000 1 3 21 20 150 1,400 860 3 362,000 81,800 1 50 100 6 1,520 31,500 4 200 800 94 21,000 337, 000 34 11,000 155,000 19 10 4 ,9 4 0 2,430 9 4 ,8 0 0 52,700 9 800 6 ,4 4 0 6 8 220 20 610 4, 390 120 13,800 7 990 10,600 22 14 7 5, 340 4 ,9 6 0 340 164,000 162,000 2,620 1 40 200 67 17 2 30,000 21,500 980 452 ,0 0 0 201,000 6 ,3 0 0 96 ,9 0 0 1 13 3 7 p ro d u cts. Lu m ber and w ood p ro d u cts , except furniture ------------------------------------------------------------Logging cam ps and logging co n tr a c to r s _ ___ _ __________ Saw m ills and planing m ills _______________ M illw ork , v e n e e r , plyw ood , and p r e fa b r ic a te d stru ctu ra l w ood p ro d u cts _ _ _ _ _ ___ See footn otes at end o f table. 4 Rubber and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tic s . . . . . p rod u cts T ir e s and inner tubes_________________ Rubber fo o tw e a r_________ _ _ F a b rica te d ru bber p ro d u c ts , not 32,900 e lse w h e re c la s s ifie d 3,990 M isce lla n e o u s p la s tic s 12,300 p r o d u c t s ____________________________________ 15 2,640 20,700 33 4 ,8 3 0 223,000 29 Table A-l. W ork Stoppages by Industry, 1964----Continued Industry Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber involved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) M anufacturing— Continued Industry Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in volved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) M anufacturing— Continued L eather and leather p ro d u cts _____________ L eather tanning and finishing_________ Industrial leather belting and p a c k in g ___________________________ B oot and shoe cut stock and fin d in g s ------------ ----------------------------------F ootw ea r, except r u b b e r ______________ L eather g lov es and m itte n s ___________ Luggage-------------------------------------------------Handbags and other p e rs o n a l leather g o o d s _________________________ Leather g o o d s , not elsew h ere c la s s ifie d _____________________________ 34 9 6 ,0 5 0 1,960 6 7 ,300 4 8 ,9 0 0 1 30 1,980 1 14 1 2 30 2,570 30 220 590 7, 560 100 660 5 1, 160 5 ,9 9 0 1 60 1,440 Stone, c la y , and gla s s p r o d u c t s _________ F lat g l a s s ______________________________ G lass and g la s s w a r e , p r e s s e d or b lo w n ______________________________ G lass p r o d u c ts , m ade o f pu rch ased g l a s s ______________________ C em ent, h yd rau lic_____________________ Structural c la y p r o d u c t s ---------------------P o tte r y and rela ted p r o d u c t s --------------C o n cr e te , gypsum , and p la ste r 117 4 22,800 3,020 4 1 2 ,0 0 0 9 2 ,9 0 0 3 460 53, 300 3 1 28 11 230 1, 120 4 ,8 1 0 3,720 5 ,9 6 0 7, 380 9 7,600 5 8,200 47 1 4 ,5 2 0 20 53,0 0 0 90 Cut stone and stone p r o d u c t s _________ A b r a s iv e , a s b e s to s , and m is c e lla n e o u s non m etallic m in era l p ro d u cts _____________________ P r im a r y m eta l in d u s t r ie s ________________ B last fu rn a ces, s teelw ork s, and rollin g and finishing m ills ----------------Iron and s te e l fou n d ries_______________ P r im a r y sm elting and refining o f non ferrou s m e t a ls ___________________ S econda ry sm elting and refining o f non ferrou s m etals and a llo y s ________ R ollin g, drawing and extruding o f n on ferrou s m e t a ls ___________________ N on ferrous fo u n d r ie s __________________ M iscella n eou s p r im a ry m etal in d u s tr ie s _____________________________ 4, 890 4 3 ,6 0 0 87,700 1 ,0 1 0 ,0 0 0 46 52 26.300 22.300 181,000 316,000 11 11,900 170,000 19 Heating apparatus (ex cep t e le c t r ic ) and plum bing fix tu r e s .._______________ F a b rica ted stru ctu ra l m etal p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------------S crew m achine p ro d u cts , and b o lts, nuts, s c r e w s , r iv e ts , and M etal stam pings________________________ C oating, engraving, and allie d s e r v i c e s ______________________________ M iscella n eou s fa b rica ted w ir e p r o d u c t s ______________________________ M iscella n eou s fa b rica ted m etal p r o d u c t s ______________________________ M ach in ery, except e le c t r ic a l---------------- --Engines and tu rbines----------------------------F a rm m a ch in ery and equipm ent---------C on stru ction , m in ing, and m a teria ls handling m ach in ery and equipm ent_______________________ _ M etalw orking m ach in ery and equipm ent-------------------------------------------S p ecia l industry m a ch in ery , except m etalw orking m a ch in ery -------------------G en era l in du stria l m a ch in ery and equipm ent_______________________ — O ffic e , com putin g, and accounting m a c h in e s ______________________________ S e r v ic e industry m a c h in e s ------------------M iscella n eou s m a ch in ery , except e le c t r ic a l--------------------------------------------- See footn ote at end o f table. 1,740 11,700 34 15 18,100 2,600 217,000 4 1 ,8 0 0 9 4 ,6 9 0 7 5 ,000 *228 7 79 ,9 0 0 2, 220 1 ,5 5 0 ,0 0 0 17,700 12 F a bricated m eta l p rod u cts , except ordnan ce, m a ch in ery , and transportation equ ipm en t-----------------------M etal c a n s ______________________________ C u tlery, h an dtools, and g en e ra l 7 14,600 302,000 19 4 ,9 2 0 129,000 101 14,800 304, 000 8 30 2, 200 35, 200 7 8 ,5 0 0 6 35 ,000 16 1, 120 2 0,100 10 590 9 ,2 1 0 26 4, 320 120,000 16,300 31,500 1, 140,000 73, 000 159,000 T ran sp ortation equipm ent M otor v e h ic le s and m o to r v e h icle equipm ent____________________________ A ir c r a ft and p a r t s _______________ ___ Ship and boat building and r epa ir ing ___ ____________________ ____ R a ilroa d equipm ent. _________________ M o t o r c y c le s , b ic y c le s , and p a r ts ____ M isce lla n e o u s transportation equipm ent p r o f e s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , and I con trollin g instru m en ts; 1 photograph ic and op tica l good s; w atches and c lo c k s _. __________________ E n gin eering, la b o r a to r y , and 1 s c ie n tific and r e s e a r c h instrum ents and a s s o c ia te d equipm ent _ _________________ Instrum ents fo r m e a su rin g , c o n tro llin g , and indicating p h y sica l c h a r a c t e r is t ic s ____________ S u rgica l, m e d ica l, and dental instrum ents and s u p p lie s _________. . . O phthalm ic g o o d s _____________________ P h otograp h ic equipm ent and su pplies----------------------------------- -------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in du stries .... J e w e lry , s ilv e r w a r e , and plated w are M u sica l instrum ents and p a r ts ----------T o y s , am usem ent, sportin g and athletic g o o d s -----------------------------------P e n s, p e n c ils , and oth er o ffic e and a r t is t s ' m a t e r i a l s __ ________ C ostum e je w e lr y , costu m e n o v e ltie s , buttons, and m is ce lla n e o u s notion s, except p r e c io u s m etal M isce lla n e o u s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ____________________________ 1105 6 2,700 859,000 14 19 10 6 ,4 8 0 4 ,4 5 0 12, 800 78, 300 90 ,0 0 0 6 0 ,100 13 6 ,9 9 0 4 4 ,6 0 0 4 15 5 ,600 16,500 4 2 ,4 0 0 4 12 ,000 11 1,520 12,600 20 8, 300 118,000 ‘ 120 386,000 6 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 66 19 344,000 20,300 5 ,9 2 0 ,0 0 0 160,000 20 7 2 7 ,6 5 0 12,500 600 149,000 163,000 1,630 7 900 24,700 23 6 ,8 4 0 170,000 1 20 50 10 5, 120 115,000 6 5 630 940 13, 100 33,600 1 140 8 ,510 49 8 ,9 6 0 146,000 2 6 20 1,090 290 14,300 10 3, 290 71 ,2 0 0 5 1,240 30,800 3 460 2,080 23 2 ,860 27,500 ‘ l.s o s 6 46 ,000 7 ,2 1 0 ,0 0 0 18 3,000 4 4 ,1 0 0 Mining M eta 1 ... A n thracite ..... ....... Bitum inous c o a l and lig n ite __________ Mining and quarrying o f n o n m e ta llic m in e ra ls , except fu e ls_____________ _____________ 155 23 5 111 8 3,400 2 4,800 220 5 6,800 808 ,000 427 ,0 0 0 950 340,000 16 1,600 4 0 ,8 0 0 C on tract co n stru ctio n ------------------------------- 944 248 ,000 2 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 59 ,7 0 0 1191 8 27 E le c t r ic a l m a ch in e ry , equipm ent, and supplies __ E le c t r ic a l tra n sm issio n and distribu tion equipm ent______________ E le c t r ic a l industrial a p p a ra tu s______ H ousehold a p p lia n c e s _________________ E le c t r ic lighting and w iring equipm ent__________________________ _ R adio and te le v is io n r e ce iv in g s e t s , except com m u n ication types__________________________________ C om m unication equipm ent____________ E le c tr o n ic com ponents and a c c e s s o r i e s __________________________ M isce lla n e o u s e le c t r ic a l m a ch in e ry, equipm ent and supplies . . ---------------------------------- N onm anufacturing---------------------------A g ricu ltu re , fo r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s ............ _ 32 4 6 ,5 0 0 4 4 0 ,0 0 0 32 10,200 196,000 25 2,5 3 0 79 ,0 0 0 30 4 ,4 3 0 71 ,8 0 0 2 25 60 5 ,440 690 68 ,0 0 0 12 3, 170 4 9 ,6 0 0 30 Table A-l. W ork Stoppages by Industry, 1964----Continued stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers Num ber involved Industry M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) N onm anufacturing— Continued ... . 257 27 205,000 4 6 ,0 0 0 1 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 604,000 30 15,700 148,000 98 30 15 4 22 14,000 7 7,800 14,100 480 22,900 193,000 240,000 30,800 4 ,5 2 0 407 ,000 E le c t r ic , g a s , and sanitary s e r v i c e s ______________________________ 31 14,400 276,000 W h olesale and r e ta il t r a d e _______________ W holesale trade . ......................... R eta il tra d e-------------------------------------------- 309 188 121 61,600 27,600 34,000 1 ,3 4 0 ,0 0 0 517,000 820,000 F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e s t a t e ____ C red it a g en cies other than banks_____ Insurance c a r r i e r s ____________________ Insurance agen ts, b r o k e r s , and s e r v i c e ___________________________ Real estate . _ ....... 1 Stoppages extending into 2 and m an -d ays idle w ere a lloca te d 2 Idleness in 1964 resu ltin g 3 A la rg e p rop ortion o f the NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, M an-days id le, 1964 (all stoppages) N onm anufacturing— Continued T ra n sp orta tion , com m u n ication , e l e c t r ie , g a s , and sanitary s e r v i c e s _______ R a ilroa d tra n s p o rta tio n _______________ L o c a l and suburban transit and interu rban p a ssen g er tran sp ortation ________________________ M otor freig h t transportation and w areh ou sin g ______________________ W ater tran sportation .... . T ra n sp orta tion by a ir __________________ T ra n sp orta tion s e r v i c e s ---------------------C o m m u n ic a tio n Industry Stoppages beginning in 1964 W orke rs N um ber in volved 17 1 2 830 10 430 10,400 340 7, 250 1 13 40 350 400 2, 390 _ _ S e r v i c e s . _____ H otels, room in g h o u se s, ca m p s , and other lodging p la c e s _______________________ P e r s o n a l s e r v ic e s _ _ M isce lla n e o u s bu sin ess s e r v i c e s _____________________________ A u tom obile r e p a ir , autom obile s e r v ic e s , and g arages M isce lla n e o u s re p a ir s e r v i c e s _____________________________ M otion p ictu re s A m usem ent and re c re a tio n s e r v ic e s , except m otion p ic tu re s --------------------------------------------M e d ica l and other health s e r v ic e s _ _ __ N onprofit m e m b e rsh ip orga n iza tio n s__ _ M isce lla n e o u s s e r v i c e s ______________ 125 20, 900 245,000 13 21 440 1,890 36,200 25,000 33 11,000 86 ,7 0 0 17 550 2 2 ,500 8 4 920 940 7, 010 11,400 10 3,010 18,100 14 1,080 16,500 3 2 970 50 15,200 6 ,7 8 0 G overn m en t______________________________ State govern m en t __ _ L o ca l governm ent 41 4 37 22,700 280 22,500 7 0,800 3, 170 6 7,700 in du stries o r industry groups or m o re have been counted in each industry o r group a ffe cte d ; w o rk e rs in volved to the r e s p e c tiv e in du stries. fro m a stoppage that began in 1963. 1964 id le n e ss resu lted fro m a stoppage that began in 1963. sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 31 Table A-2. W ork Stoppages by Industry Group and Major Issues, 1964 T otal Industry group Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers in volved G en eral wage changes Man* days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in ________ 1964_______ W ork ers N um ber um ber N in volved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Supplem entary benefits Stoppages beginning in ________ 1964_______ W ork ers N um ber involved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) A ll in d u s t r ie s -------------------------------------------- * 3,655 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 2 2 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 *1,419 588 ,000 9, 370,000 101 4 4,300 9 66 ,000 M anufacturing____ _______________________ *1 ,7 9 4 994 ,000 1 5 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 *813 282 ,000 4 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 57 27,200 426 ,000 O rdnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ______________________ F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s _____________ ______ T ob a cco m an u factures__________________________ T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ___________________________ 8 186 1 37 6 ,8 2 0 54,900 600 8 ,4 4 0 154,000 8 66 ,000 1, 680 124,000 3 91 _ 20 2 ,4 8 0 21,000 _ 3, 180 205 ,000 4 24 ,000 _ 4 4 ,8 0 0 8 _ 2 3,950 _ 260 32,500 _ 5 ,4 8 0 106 24,700 225 ,000 21 10,900 48,800 - - - 56 60 79 7, 110 6 ,9 3 0 38,900 96 ,9 0 0 145,000 580 ,000 37 22 39 4 ,5 8 0 2, 340 9, 160 58,600 40 ,3 0 0 222 ,000 2 5 4 100 620 1,060 7, 100 10,300 17,700 50 94 8,6 5 0 21, 000 801 ,000 337,000 23 46 3,7 3 0 9 ,8 6 0 421 ,0 0 0 178,000 2 9 2 ,630 3.290 238,000 12,100 22 5, 340 164,000 7 370 3 ,7 6 0 380 14,700 Rubber and m is cella n eou s pla stics prodiirts Leather and leather p rod u cts___________________ Stone, cla y , and gla s s p r o d u c t s ----------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ______________________ F a bricated m etal products 3 ____________________ 67 34 117 173 228 30,000 6 ,0 5 0 22,800 8 7,700 7 9,900 4 52 ,000 6 7,300 4 12 ,000 1 ,0 1 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 5 0 ,0 0 0 29 9 73 68 120 6, 260 670 13,500 26 ,1 0 0 20 ,6 0 0 176,000 7, 150 294 ,000 546 ,000 529 ,000 10,600 1,230 280 1, 110 180 19, 300 32,000 3, 110 14,200 1,580 M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l___________________ E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and su p p lies________________________________________ T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t---------------------------------Instrum ents, etc. 4 --------------------------------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ---------- 191 120,000 1, 140,000 86 5 3 ,900 505 ,000 60 540 105 120 23 49 62,700 386,000 6 ,840 8 ,9 6 0 859 ,000 6 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 170,000 146,000 41 42 15 25 2 1 ,700 60 ,8 0 0 5, 320 5, 380 243 ,000 689 ,0 0 0 156,000 8 8 ,6 0 0 l l , 865 646 ,000 7 ,2 1 0 , 000 607 307 ,000 A g ricu ltu re, fo r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s ---------------M ining_________________________________________ __ C on tract con stru ction ----------------------------------------T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , e l e c t r ic , g a s, and san itary s e r v ic e s ------------------------- — W holesale and re ta il t r a d e __-__________________ 18 155 944 3,000 83,400 248 ,000 4 4,100 808 ,000 2 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 7 22 234 257 309 205,000 61,600 1 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 4 0 ,0 0 0 F inan ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e s t a t e ---------------S e r v ic e s G overn m en t---------------------------------------------------------- 17 125 41 830 20,900 22,700 10,400 245 ,000 70 ,8 0 0 Lum ber and w ood p rod u cts, except fu r ni tu r e ___________ _________ ________ _________ Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s __________________________ P aper and allied p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------Printin g, publishing, and allied industries C h em icals and allied p r o d u c t s _________________ P etroleu m refining and related in d u s t r ie s ____ ___________________________ — N onm anufacturing________________________ See footnotes at end of table. 1 3 2 3 7 3 1 - 2 - - - 340 7 ,7 6 0 - - 3 1, 110 9 ,8 5 0 4 ,6 7 0 ,0 0 0 44 17,100 540,000 1,730 2 9,700 153,000 37,600 558 ,000 1,960, 000 3 20 440 3, 130 10,500 54,800 103 164 7 3 ,6 0 0 31,900 1 ,5 1 0 ,0 0 0 517 ,000 3 10 110 8 ,6 6 0 2 ,5 0 0 407 ,000 9 49 19 350 7 ,2 1 0 8, 860 2, 100 5 9,100 31,200 1 5 2 120 4,6 1 0 50 5 ,7 1 0 59,400 120 32 Table A-2. Work Stoppages by Industry Group and Major Issues, 1964----Continued Wage adjustm ents Industry group Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in volved H ours o f w ork Man* days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) s to p pages begin ning in 1 < W o rk e rs N um ber in volved O ther con tractu al m a tte rs M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in volved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) A ll in d u s t r ie s __ ----------------------------------------- 1 168 6 3,800 345 ,000 12 3, 310 2 3,000 61 17,900 180,000 M anufacturing--------------------------------------------- 122 50,800 278,000- 6 710 7 ,2 1 0 33 13,300 133,000 O rdnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------------------------Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------T o b a c co m an u factu res— -------- --------------------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------- 4 3 530 2, 110 1,710 2 6,400 2 - 60 " 1, 010 ' 1 1 110 30 110 1,190 27 3 ,370 10,500 _ - . 3 190 600 450 - 4,5 0 0 - 1 2 20 1,020 200 1,450 A p p arel, etc. 2------------------ -— — ---------------------- L u m ber and w ood p rod u cts, except fu rn itu re________ ______________________________ Furn iture and fix tu r e s ----------------------------------------P a per and a llied p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------- 1 2 4 20 390 440 290 500 8, 570 1 - _ - - - 5 200 - 2 - 50 - 680 - 1 620 55 6 ,7 0 0 2 ,4 8 0 1 40 240 - " - 1 100 6 ,6 3 0 5 9 3 17 10 4, 130 1,590 200 12,400 2 ,2 8 0 2 1 ,900 7 ,4 0 0 660 42 ,5 0 0 61 ,0 0 0 1 - 150 " 450 - 2 1 4 6 600 140 310 1, 130 2 ,4 5 0 1,260 2, 300 23 ,8 0 0 M ach in ery, excep t e le c t r ic a l-----------------------------E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and su p p lies--------------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t_______________________ Instrum ents, etc. 4 ----------------------------------------------M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ----------- 14 8 ,4 7 0 29 ,6 0 0 - _ - 4 4, 120 23 ,5 0 0 11 7 l 3 6 ,7 4 0 7, 330 190 610 16,000 36, 500 570 13,500 - - - - 5 560 - 1 2 250 4 ,6 3 0 “ “ N onm anufacturing--------------------------------------- 47 13,000 6 6 ,400 6 2, 590 A g ricu ltu re , f o r e s t r y , and f is h e r ie s ----------------M ining----------- -----------------------------------------------------C on tract con stru ction ------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , gas, and sanitary s e r v ic e s ------------------------------W h olesale and reta il t r a d e --------------------------------- 2 6 23 920 4 ,2 0 0 2 ,8 1 0 970 18,400 20,500 1 6 5 4, 140 410 16,400 3, 370 2 - P rin tin g, publishing, and allied in d u s t r ie s ------------------------------------ -------------------C h em ica ls and allied p r o d u c t s --------------------------P etroleu m refining and rela ted in d u s t r ie s ----------------------------------------------------------R u bber and m is cella n eou s p la stics products _____________ ___ _______________ _________ L eath er and leath er p rod u cts-------------------------- Stone, c la y , and g la s s produ cts —---------------------P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ----------------------------------F a b rica ted m etal products 3 __ __ _______ — F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and r e a l e s t a t e ___________ S e rv ie e s ___________ __________________ _________________ G overn m en t— — ----------- -------------------------- ------ See footnotes at end of table. _ 3 2 _ 130 370 _ 1,720 5, 070 _ 3 3 50 250 8 ,0 2 0 2 ,5 5 0 15,800 28 4 ,5 7 0 46 ,5 0 0 2, 120 14,800 3 9 250 2 ,5 7 0 2 ,8 0 0 28,4 0 0 130 - 150 - 3 9 960 600 6 ,9 1 0 1,930 _ 340 - _ _ 860 - _ 4 - _ 190 _ 6 ,4 4 0 33 Table A-2. W ork Stoppages by Industry Group and Major Issues, 1964----Continued Union o rgan ization and s e cu rity Stoppages beginning in ________ 1964________ W ork ers N um ber in volved Industry group A ll in d u s t r ie s __ ___________ __________ _ M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Job s e c u r ity Stoppages beginning in ________ 1964_______ W ork ers N um ber involved Plant adm inistration M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in ___ 1964 W ork ers N um ber involved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) 556 86,800 1 ,7 7 0 ,0 0 0 1213 175,000 1,4 7 0 , 000 1596 576 ,000 8, 360, 000 243 43, 200 1 ,0 2 0 ,0 0 0 111 4 9 ,7 0 0 985 ,0 0 0 1 338 506,000 8 ,0 4 0 ,0 0 0 24 _ 2 1,910 2 ,820 200 118,000 30,800 . 7 ,9 4 0 1 20 1 1 1,720 15,700 600 430 8 ,6 1 0 331, 000 1,680 1,430 2 30 _ 6 440 9 ,5 4 0 _ 2, 180 6, 160 35,300 . 36, 300 24 960 24,800 5 190 830 14 8 ,0 3 0 135,000 6 15 8 630 1, 160 19,500 13,100 6 0,000 179,000 2 3 10 150 260 1,610 2, 350 1,490 5 4,800 6 9 10 970 860 5, 590 8,6 5 0 9 ,4 3 0 9 4,200 11 9 1, 160 770 57,800 13,500 6 8 540 2, 200 20,600 2 2,700 5 19 510 3,680 6,2 8 0 71,700 4 210 13,200 2 2 ,8 2 0 85,2 0 0 5 760 39,900 11 5 7 9 41 790 240 280 500 2 ,0 2 0 139,000 6 ,0 6 0 12,100 12,800 7 8,300 5 8 6 8 1, 110 . 2, 130 3 ,9 9 0 2 ,4 2 0 2 1,300 . 9, 540 2 6,000 6 ,2 9 0 10 4 18 54 35 4, 210 640 4, 760 41, 300 4 9,800 50,800 8 ,680 82,500 362,000 847,000 29 3, 190 117,000 12 2, 380 36,800 41 47, 700 424 ,000 15 9 5 8 3,810 890 1,280 910 9 0 ,7 0 0 8 ,6 2 0 13,200 18,800 9 3 - 8 ,2 2 0 3 ,2 8 0 30 341 ,000 12,400 420 22 50 1 5 17,000 308,000 20 760 160,000 5 ,6 5 0 ,0 0 0 50 11,900 313 4 3 ,600 752 ,000 1 103 125,000 4 89 ,000 259 6 9,700 319,000 A g ricu ltu re, fo r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s ----------------M ining------------------------------ ----- ----- - — - -----C ontract con stru ction ____________________________ Tran sportation, com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , g a s , and sanitary s e r v ic e s .. _____ _ . . __ W holesale and r e ta il t r a d e ______________________ 5 7 142 no 290 25,000 4, 750 15,400 4 04 ,000 26 24 16,700 1,750 69, 300 2 2 ,400 2 73 86 210 26,800 10,300 420 118,000 55,700 32 74 2 ,680 8 ,570 19,000 205 ,000 33 16 98 ,7 0 0 7 ,2 9 0 227 ,000 167,000 53 24 14,000 3,950 6 9,700 29,100 F inan ce, in su ran ce, and r e a l e s t a t e ----------------S e r v ic e s --------------------------------------------------------------— G overnm ent----------------------------------------------------------- 4 41 8 40 4 ,4 4 0 2 ,550 400 9 5 ,9 0 0 7 ,6 8 0 1 4 310 200 1, 540 2 ,4 0 0 _ 3, 810 10,600 19,400 2 5,900 M anufacturing_____________________________ O rdnance and a c c e s s o r i e s — ------ --------------------Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ______________________ T ob a cco m an u factu res____ — _ ____ ___ ____ T extile m ill p r o d u c t s ____________________________ A p parel, etc. 2___________________________________ Lum ber and w ood produ cts, except fu r n it u r e ____ — _________ _ __ ___ ________ F u rniture and fix tu r e s ___________________________ P aper and allied produ cts _ ___________ __ _ __ P rinting, publishing, and allied industries - ___________________ __ __ ____________ C h em icals and allied p r o d u c t s __________________ P etroleu m refining and rela ted in d u s tr ie s ----------------------------------------------------------Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tic s p r o d u c ts _______________________ ________________ Leather and leather p rod u cts______________ ___ Stone, c la y , and gla s s p r o d u c t s ________________ P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s _______________________ F abricated m etal produ cts 3 ------------------------------M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l____—___ —_________ E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and su pplies------------ -------------------- -----------------------Tran sportation equ ipm en t_______________________ Instrum ents, e t c . 4 ____ ________ _____ _______ M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s _______ Nonm anufacturing______________________ „ j 1 ' See footnotes at end of table. ' _ 14 7 _ 34 Table A-2. Work Stoppages by Industry Group and Major Issues, 1964----Continued Other w orking conditions Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in volved Industry group Interunion o r intraunion m a tters M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork e rs N um ber in volved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) Not re p o rte d Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in volved M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) A ll in d u stries __ ---------------------------------------- 51 16,700 132,000 454 64,900 307,000 24 3, 140 7, 970 M anufacturing 33 14,000 116,000 26 5, 300 2 2 ,100 12 2, 160 3 ,910 O rdnance and a c c e s s o r i e s _______________________ F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ____________ ________ T o b a c co m a n u factu res___________________________ T ex tile m ill p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------- 1 2 - 270 140 - 4 - - - 540 670 " 1, 100 20 8, 790 340 1 20 40 A p p arel, e t c . 2 „ _________ __________ _ _____ Lu m ber and w ood p rod u cts, except fu rn itu re— ------ — — -------------- ------------------F u rn iture and fix tu r e s ___________________________ P a per and allied p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------- 3 270 1,700 3 40 310 6 730 2 ,4 3 0 1 2 1 290 830 420 6 ,4 5 0 18,500 1,680 1 - 380 80 380 160 _ _ _ - - - “ " 5 34,200 1 2 30 580 700 2 ,3 1 0 - - - - - 1 660 660 - - 2 3 2 4 4 2 ,8 3 0 1,090 1,290 560 930 22,900 3, 550 8, 590 4 ,4 0 0 5, 390 2 2 - 50 210 550 370 690 2,2 0 0 3 - 1,260 " 1, 300 - 2 220 1, 330 - - - 2 150 150 4 1 4 ,6 8 0 40 110 5 ,7 2 0 390 430 2 5 - 210 1,400 “ 890 4 ,2 9 0 - - - - - * 18 2,7 7 0 15,100 428 59,600 285 ,000 12 980 4 ,0 6 0 3 6 1, 350 720 8,5 8 0 4 ,8 0 0 9 396 20 3,0 3 0 4 6 ,0 0 0 270 4 ,9 5 0 224 ,000 1 3 3 10 680 40 10 1, 300 1, 500 7 1 670 30 1,100 30 13 5 10,300 180 5 0,000 5 ,4 9 0 2 1 70 10 120 510 1 _ 10 580 - - 1 3 10 120 60 500 2 P rin tin g, publishing, and allied indu strie s ______________________ __ ______ _____ C h em ica ls and allied p r o d u c t s --------------------------P etroleu m refining and rela ted in d u stries - — ---- — ------------ ----— — R u bber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la stics prndiirts ________ ___ L eather and leather p ro d u cts ____________________ Stone, c la y , and g la s s p r o d u c t s _______ _______ P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ----------------------------------F a b rica ted m eta l produ cts 3 _ _______________ M ach in ery, excep t e l e c t r i c a l _______ _ ___ __ E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery , equipm ent, and supplie s ___________________ __________ ___ ___ ___ T ran sp ortation equ ip m en t_______________________ Instrum ents, e t c . 4 __ _________ ________________ M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s _____ — N onm anufacturing- ------- ---------- ----- ----A g ricu ltu re , f o r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s ___________ M ining____________________ ________ ____ __________ C on tract co n s tru ctio n ----------------------------- ----------T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , g a s, and sanitary s e r v ic e s ______ —------------------W holesale and r e ta il t r a d e ______________________ F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l e s t a t e ------- --------S e r v i c e s _________ _____________ _ ______ ____ _ G overn m en t----------------------------------------------------------- 1 1 1 1 j _ _ 170 _ 620 1 Stoppages affecting m o r e than 1 industry grou p have been counted in each grou p a ffe cte d ; w o rk e rs involved and m an -days idle w e re a lloca ted to the r e s p e c tiv e grou p s. 2 Includes other fin ish ed products m ade fro m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m a te ria ls . 3 E x clu d es ordn an ce, m a ch in ery, and tran sportation equipm ent. 4 Includes p r o fe s sio n a l, s c ie n tific , and co n tro llin g instru m en ts; photographic and o p tica l g o o d s; w atch es and c lo c k s . 5 Idleness in 1964 resu ltin g fr o m a stoppage that began in 1963. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s o f individual ite m s m ay not equal totals. 35 Table A-3. W ork Stoppages in States Having 25 Stoppages or More by Industry Group, 19641 Alabam a Stoppages beginning in 1964 W ork ers N um ber involved Industry group A ll in d u s t r ie s .. _ M anufacturing _ ___ . . . — _ A rkansas Stoppages M an-days beginning in id le , 196 4’ 1964 (all W o rk e rs stoppages) N um ber involved O rdnance and a c c e s s o r ie s ----F ood and kindred p r o d u c t s ___________ __ _______ T ob a cco m anufactures - T extile m ill products — ------------ . . . . . A p parel and other fin ish ed products m ade fro m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m a t e r ia ls _________ L um ber and w ood p rod u cts, excep t fu rn itu re. ____ - ------ ------ . F u rniture and fix tu r e s --------- ------ ----------- --------- P aper and a llied produ cts --------Printin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u s trie s —— C h em icals and a llied p r o d u c t s --------------------— — P etroleu m refining and rela ted in d u strie s------Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s p ro d u cts— L eath er and leath er p rod u cts------------ ---------------Stone, c la y , and glass p r o d u c t s — __ __________ P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s ---------------------— -------F a b rica ted m etal prod u cts, excep t ordn an ce, m a ch in ery, and tran sportation equipm ent — M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l--------------------- — __ E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and su pplies— — ----- - — — T ran sp ortation equipm ent---------------------------------P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , and co n tro llin g instru m en ts; photographic and op tica l goods; w atches and c lo c k s .— — — __ — ----M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in du stries 83 2 7,000 243 ,000 27 9 .2 9 0 95. 600 266 9 2 ,4 0 0 1.910, 000 17,100 193, 000 11 3, 110 62, 100 103 41,7 0 0 945, 000 3 . 1 240 _ 770 4, 220 . 17, 600 1 _ - . — 230 - 15 1 . 12,000 120 269,000 1,960 1 240 1,410 1 50 2, 250 1 20 840 100 20 1, 100 30 2, 650 690 6 ,1 4 0 2 1,760 1, 270 260 28,100 100 15,900 9, 300 57,700 1 1 2 1 - 100 no 740 340 - 500 11,800 1,940 27,400 - 5 6 4 1 9 3 6 8 5 390 670 5,290 10 900 60 780 1,450 2, 120 10, 600 4, 000 48 ,1 0 0 3 57,200 22, 100 2,7 2 0 41, 500 29, 900 29,100 10 3 1,040 1,380 28, 900 7, 310 2 - 100 - 1,200 - 13 3 1, 580 80 20, 200 1, 600 4 2 ,7 4 0 19,100 1 1 1, 200 430 15, 600 1,280 6 12 790 14,200 7,9 9 0 371,000 - - - - - - 2 3 40 1, 140 90 26, 600 9 ,8 6 0 50, 200 16 6, 180 3 3,500 163 50,700 968, 000 . 10 12 . 4, 130 1,370 _ 2 6,400 4, 320 . . . 13 4, 770 3 2 ,100 9 1 77 1, 570 620 9 ,6 9 0 35, 300 4 ,3 5 0 82,500 11 5 3 - 2, 510 200 1, 650 - 6, 360 1, 570 11,600 - 3 - 1,410 - 1,440 - 26 36 1 10 3 3, 500 28, 300 20 3,2 4 0 3 ,7 5 0 328, 000 469 ,000 30 31,400 17,900 - - C onnecticut F lo r id a 35 . . ------ --------------------------- 50 - 2 1 2 1 1 6 7 C olora d o A ll in d u s t r ie s _ . _ 41 _ A g ricu ltu re, f o r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s M ining------------------------------------------------------------------C on tract con stru ction ----------------T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , gas, and sanitary s e r v ic e s ---------------—-----------W holesale and reta il t r a d e --------------------------------F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l e s t a t e -------- ------S e r v ic e s — ...-x - . » . , _■ ........... G overn m en t----_ — — ------------------------- M anufacturing _ C a lifo rn ia Stoppages M an-day 3 beginning in id le , 1964 1964 (all W orkers stoppages) N um ber involved 42 . . . . N onm anufacturing „„ M an-days id le , 1964 (all stoppages) —. O rdnance and a c c e s s o r ie s F ood and k indred products ------ ------- ----------T o b a cco m an u factu res-------- -----------------------------— T extile m ill produ cts . ---------------------- -----A p parel and other fin ish ed products m ade fro m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m a t e r ia ls _______ _ L um ber and w ood p rod u cts, except furn itu re- ------------------------------------------- . . . . Fu rn iture and fix tu r e s - ------ — —-----------— _ Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ------------------------------- — Printin g, publishing, and allie d in d u strie s-----C h em icals and a llied p r o d u c t s -------------------------P etroleu m refining and rela ted in d u s trie s------Rubber and m is cella n eou s p la s tic s p ro d u cts— L eath er and leath er p rod u cts— — ------ . . . . Stone, c la y , and g lass products — ---------------- — P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s _______ —----------------- F a bricated m etal prod u cts, excep t ordnan ce, m ach in ery, and tran sportation equ ipm en t-— M achinery, excep t e le c t r ic a l— - ------ — — E le c tr ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and su pplies ---------- — -----------------------------------------------------------T ran sp ortation equ ipm en t ------ -------------— -----------P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , and co n tro llin g instru m en ts; photographic and op tica l goods; w atch es and c lo c k s — ---------------------- — . M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s — -------- 6, 270 4 5 .4 0 0 66 2 3 ,600 172,000 106 3 7 ,900 662, 000 8 2 ,330 25, 500 35 20,200 134,000 10 1,930 37,200 5 - 2, 150 - 22,800 - 1 - 20 - 640 - - - - 1 60 60 2 550 2, 330 - 1 1 160 50 1, 280 500 - - - - 2 . 1 160 2, 310 - - - - - 340 - 4 690 19,300 - - - 20 - 5 1 3 1,890 30 1,660 11,700 120 3, 590 2 1 1 90 260 140 *1, 260 1, 680 2 1, 590 3,4 3 0 17,200 - - 4 4 020 780 5, 880 2 9,700 1 520 6, 240 - - 1, - - - - - - - - - 11,300 4 8 ,5 0 0 - - 1, 650 11,300 - - 6 4 - - - 1 - 170 1,730 - - - - - - 1,080 - - - 2 - 3, 290 - - - - N onm anufacturing ---------------------------------------------------- 27 3,9 4 0 20, 000 31 3, 390 3 8,100 96 3 5,900 A g ricu ltu re, f o r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s ---------------------M ining --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Con tract co n s tru ctio n . ______________________________ T ran sportation, com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , gas, and sanitary s e r v ic e s — ------------------------- W holesale and retail t r a d e — -------- — -----------------------— F inance, in su ran ce, and rea l e s t a t e ---------------------S e r v i c e s . ______________________________ ________________ G overnm ent --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ . 4 12 500 160 2, 580 6, 880 - - - - - - 13 280 17,200 82 26 ,8 0 0 88, 400 1,930 350 3,4 0 0 7, 110 9 8 1, 560 420 15,200 5 ,460 8 8,9 20 535, 000 20 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 200 1,780 ■ ■ ■ 1 280 ~ ■ ~ See footnotes at end of table. 5 6 1 , 1 , 140 1 20 625, 000 36 Table A-3. Work Stoppages in States Having 25 Stoppages or More by Industry Group, 1964*— Continued G eorgia Stoppages M an-days beginning in id le , 1964 1964 (all W ork ers stoppages) N um ber in volved Industry group ------------- A ll in d u s tr ie s — — —- M anufacturing___________ ______________ __ O rdnance and a c c e s s o r ie s — _ _________ F ood and kindred produ cts T o b a c co m anufactures T extile m ill produ cts A p p a rel and other fin ish ed produ cts m ade fr o m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m a t e r ia ls ._________ L u m ber and w ood p rod u cts, except fu rn itu re.__ _ „ __ _ ......_ F u rn iture and fix tu res _ P a per and a llied produ cts P rin tin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u strie s-----C h em ica ls and a llied p r o d u c t s . _ ____ P e troleu m refin in g and rela te d in d u stries— Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s p r o d u c ts —. L ea th er and leather p rod u cts— Stone, cla y , and gla s s p r o d u c t s .. ____________ P r im a r y m etal in d u s t r ie s .__ _______ _ — .. —■ F a b rica te d m etal p rod u cts, excep t ordnan ce, m a ch in ery, and tran sp ortation equipm ent___ M ach in ery, excep t e l e c t r i c a l ---------------- ----------E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and supplie s-------— — _______ __________________ . — T ran sp ortation equipm ent — ._ P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , and co n tro llin g in stru m en ts; p h otograph ic and o ptica l g ood s ; w atch es and c lo c k s ____________________ M is cella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s . Hawaii Stoppages M an-days beginning in id le , _______ 1964_________ 1964 (all W ork e rs stoppages) N um ber involved 42 19,100 331 ,000 26 3,0 4 0 7 ,9 6 0 247 127,000 1 ,5 2 0 ,0 0 0 21 16,500 310 ,000 6 880 1,430 4 100 91. 100 1 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 _ 4 - _ 910 - _ 4, 330 2 20, 900 3 - 710 . - 800 - 12 _ 1 6, 230 . 60 139,000 _ 360 1 170 1,360 - - - 1 40 680 1 1 1 1 - _ 30 20 40 140 - 620 2, 670 70 1,260 - 1 1 - 10 _ 30 - 230 . 280 - 6 3 2 6 3 1 3 4 13 360 790 780 1,190 260 70 700 300 4 ,9 0 0 4 ,8 3 0 16,900 11,400 2 3 ,100 4 ,8 7 0 1,750 14,900 4 ,4 1 0 18,000 3 2 130 340 3 ,6 8 0 29,300 1 - 130 - 130 - 11 21 8 ,7 3 0 53,200 151,000 4 0 2 ,0 0 0 2 4 780 13,200 2 ,860 226 ,000 - - - 5 4 2, 030 8, 960 2 8 ,000 146,000 1 700 16,800 - - - 1 4 1,500 1,060 8 1 ,0 0 0 15,100 21 N onm anufacturing A g ric u ltu re , fo r e s t r y , and f i s h e r i e s _____. M ining C on tract con stru ction ________ T ran sp ortation , com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , gas. and sanitary s e r v ic e s .......... .. W holesale and r e ta il trade — F in an ce, in su ra n ce, and real estate ............. . S e r v ic e s G overnm ent____ — 2 ,630 21,500 20 2, 160 6 ,5 3 0 147 3 5 ,700 4 6 1 ,0 0 0 11 . 1,440 15,100 2 1 1,090 120 1,290 2 ,7 6 0 1 15 76 20 6,5 1 0 9 ,780 3 ,7 6 0 30 ,2 0 0 3 15 ,000 3 5 1 1 850 220 90 30 710 5, 170 390 150 10 6 _ 1 - 530 410 10 - 650 1,690 _ 140 - 25 15 . 8 7 15,300 2, 030 . 380 1,680 80, 100 16,200 . 4 ,9 9 0 11,400 Indiana A ll in d u s t r ie s . Kentucky Iowa 122 . M anufacturing Illin ois Stoppages M an-days beginning in id le , ________ 1964________ 170rr fall X0 W ork ers stop p ages) N um ber involved . . .. O rdnance and a c c e s s o r ie s F ood and kindred p rod u cts _ ... _ ... .. T o b a c co m anufactures— _ . . . T extile m ill p rodu cts . . . A p p a rel and other fin ish ed p rod u cts m ade fr o m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m a te ria ls __ L u m b er and w ood p rod u cts, except furnitur e____________________________ __ _____ __ F u rn iture and fix tu r e s .__________ —..- ---------- — P a p er and a llied p r o d u c t s . P rin tin g, publishing, and a llie d in d u stries— . C h em icals and allied produ cts P etroleu m refining and rela ted in d u strie s------Rubber and m is ce lla n e o u s p la s tic s produ cts__ L eath er and leather p rod u cts __ — Stone, cla y , and g la s s p rod u cts . ... . P r im a r y m etal in d u stries — F a b rica ted m etal p rod u cts , ex ce p t ordn an ce, m a ch in ery, and tra n sp ortation equipm ent----M ach in ery, except e le c t r ic a l E le c t r ic a l m a ch in ery, equipm ent, and supplies ................................... --....... T ran sp ortation equipm ent _ — P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , and con tro llin g in stru m en ts; p hotograph ic and op tica l g ood s; w atches and c lo c k s M iscella n eou s m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ______ N onm anufacturing A g ric u ltu re , f o r e s t r y , and fis h e r ie s ____ M ining. __ . . . . __ ___ C on tract con stru ction ...................... ....... .................... T ra n sp orta tion , com m u n ication , e le c t r ic , g a s, and sanitary s e r v ic e s _ — W holesale and reta il t r a d e -------------------- ----- — F in an ce, in su ran ce, and real estate.. . S e r v i c e s ______ ____ ____ ................. . G overn m en t .. . ---- See footnotes at end of table. 5 3,800 537 ,000 69 2 4,800 245,000 69 2 8 ,100 2 65 ,000 4 80 4 6 ,1 0 0 478 ,000 35 15,300 104,000 31 12,200 127,000 1 7 - 320 990 - 320 2, 160 - 9 . - 4 ,2 3 0 - 52,400 _ - 3 _ - 270 _ _ 4 ,0 7 0 _ _ 1 80 3 ,6 0 0 - - _ _ . _ 4 2 1 1 2 2 6 6 16 580 240 150 300 880 700 1,720 1,450 5 ,0 9 0 3 ,8 5 0 1,650 1,050 14,700 27,500 900 7 ,8 5 0 21,900 26,700 _ . 3 2 3 . _ . 1,170 270 1 ,040 . 240 . _ 4 ,0 5 0 1,820 4 ,8 2 0 1 1 1 1 3 _ 3 . 5 6 30 40 390 490 910 _ 850 . 670 3 ,7 9 0 1 ,060 1,2 5 0 14,500 7 ,7 8 0 1,9 9 0 19, 100 _ 2 4,400 29,8 0 0 12 5 4 ,5 2 0 1,700 97,600 16,600 3 12 600 7 ,4 5 0 7 ,8 8 0 24,3 0 0 3 . 390 . 8, 160 2 40 9 8 19,900 7 ,5 0 0 122, 000 130,000 2 1 540 40 7 ,0 2 0 1, 160 2 2 880 3 ,4 6 0 1,8 5 0 13,500 - - - - _ . _ _ _ “ - - - - 42 7 ,7 2 0 59,000 34 9 ,4 8 0 141,000 38 16,000 137,000 _ 4 21 2 ,2 9 0 4, 120 15,200 28, 900 18 5 ,0 8 0 . 81 ,7 0 0 21 6 10,800 460 119,000 2 ,6 3 0 8 6 1 2 940 150 70 160 2, 900 2,720 . 3 ,9 0 0 5 ,3 1 0 9 5 . 2 - 4 ,0 1 0 130 . 250 - 5 4,100 3 ,2 5 0 _ 2,1 5 0 5 2 . 1 3 2 ,6 3 0 50 8 ,8 3 0 2 ,6 7 0 90 1,950 380 3 ,3 4 0 37 ----- Continued W ork Stoppages in States H aving 25 Stoppages or M ore by Industry G roup, 19641 T able A -3. L o u is ia n a S to p p a g e s In d u stry g ro u p M a r y la n d M a n -d a y s b e g in n in g in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in M a ssa c h u se tts M a n -d a y s 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d id le , 1 QA4. \ a U 1 70* 1 f a l l sto p p a g e s) S to p p a g e s M a n -d a y s b e g in n in g in 1964 " W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d id le , i 704 i qla / a l l sto p p a g e s) A l l i n d u s t r i e s __________ _____________________________ 48 23, 400 1 8 4 ,0 0 0 41 3 4 , 100 6 8 6,00 0 137 25, 900 M a n u f a c t u r i n g — ___ — ______ - ___ ____________ ___ ____ 18 4, 830 9 5 ,5 0 0 18 9, 220 2 2 5 ,0 0 0 68 14, 900 217, 000 1 1, 7 2 0 1 - 8, 610 23, 300 _ 11 _ 1, 060 _ 7, 920 _ - 3 480 1, 5 4 0 11 3, 330 7, 2 2 0 O rd n an ce and a c c e s s o r ie s F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts - - ( _ _ 3 0 6 iB0 0 0 ss!!_B T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s — ____ ___ ____ ____________________ 2 - 640 - T e x tile m ill p r o d u c ts - - 6 ,5 2 0 - - 170 - - - - - - - fu r n itu r e - F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ------------------------ -------- ---------- ------------ 1 1 250 510 1 60 30 1, 21 0 2 no 550 3, 030 _ _ _ . 2 3, 170 P a p e r and a llie d p r o d u c ts — — — — ------------------------ 1 510 10 - 32, 200 2 160 2, 4 30 - 1, 280 - 760 1 2 1 - 4 a n d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -------- 90 20 40 - 40 - 1 _ 120 _ 3 34, 300 — — A p p a r e l an d o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c t s m a d e fr o m fa b r ic s and s im ila r m a te r ia ls Lum ber and w o o d p r o d u c ts, P r in tin g , p u b lis h in g , - except C h e m ic a ls and a llie d p r o d u c t s — — — ------------------- 650 580 2, 540 2, 010 - 4 9 , 100 - _ 770 P e tr o le u m re fin in g and r e la te d in d u s tr ie s — R u b b e r an d m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s p r o d u c t s — L e a th e r and le a th e r p ro d u c ts 2 - - - 1 - 7 980 1, 8 7 0 S to n e , c la y , an d g la s s p r o d u c ts — P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ___________ ___ — — 1 30 4 1 2, 560 590 760 12, 000 330 3 70 140 6 3 400 160 6 , 950 3 430 6 , 720 2 640 20, 000 6 860 3 3 ,4 0 0 1 100 1 5 ,0 0 0 1 80 1, 5 8 0 3 170 1, 610 - - - - - - 3 630 5, 410 - - - 2 5 ,9 9 0 163, 000 3 3 ,6 2 0 64, 700 F a b r ic a te d m e ta l p r o d u c ts , — e q u ip m e n t, T r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , and a n d c o n tr o llin g in s t r u m e n t s ; p h o to g r a p h ic a n d o p tic a l g o o d s; w a tc h e s and c lo c k s - - - - - - - - - - - 1 30 420 2 290 5, 290 30 18, 600 8 8 , 100 23 24, 900 461, 000 69 11, 000 89, 300 . . . 37, 000 M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s tr ie s N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g A g r ic u ltu r e , fo r e s try , M i n i n g ------ ------- — a n d f i s h e r i e s — -------— gas, _ c o m m u n ic a tio n , - - - - - - 1 19 5, 260 6 9 ,6 0 0 10 12, 100 53, 600 34 40 4, 390 11 _ 13, 300 - 1 6 ,3 0 0 5 2, 200 _ 7 5, 220 32, 300 17 5, 610 940 _ 38, 400 13, 700 _ - - 376, 000 _ 16 _ - 6 - 7 ,5 9 0 _ - ------------------------------------------------------ C o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c t io n T r a n s p o r ta tio n , 1 30 80 - - - - - - - and sa n ita r y s e r v i c e s — W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e ---------------------------------------------— G o v e r n m e n t --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- M ic h ig a n . 140 e le c tr ic , F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , an d r e a l e s ta te S e rv ic e s - ---------------• A l l i n d u s t r i e s __ 5, 360 excep t ordnan ce, m a c h in e r y , a n d tr a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t — M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ______________ ______ — E le c tr ic a l m a c h in e ry , s u p p lie s — 2 130 4, 780 — M in n e so ta M isso u r i 197 249, 000 4, 540, 000 37 2, 380 35, 300 95 2 6 ,5 0 0 422. 000 4 115 2 2 6 ,0 0 0 4. 070, 000 14 910 11, 100 41 2 0 , 100 384, 000 10 - 3, 610 - 6 8 , 700 - 5 _ 340 _ 1, 9 7 0 _ 5 _ 1, 2 2 0 _ 5, 170 . 2 980 9, 720 - - - - - - f r o m f a b r i c s a n d s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s _____________ L u m b er and w ood p r o d u c ts, e x cep t 1 5, 920 1 2 4 ,0 0 0 - - - 1 140 550 6 , 140 4 _ _ _ F u r n it u r e an d fix t u r e s _ 1 - - - 1 1 _ 40 240 2 - 100 290 - 80 _ 4, 050 _ 3 _ 330 _ 1 _ 30 - 50 _ 3, 560 _ - 340 - 1 _ - 2 2 140 130 8 , 580 690 700 430 9, 540 3, 990 M a n u fa c tu rin g O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ___________________ ____ — F o o d an d k in d r e d p r o d u c t s - T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s --------------- ---------- -----------------------------T e x tile m ill p r o d u c ts - A p p a r e l an d o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c t s m a d e 3 P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s — — -------- — — ___ — P r in tin g , p u b lis h in g , — — an d a llie d in d u s t r ie s — C h e m ic a ls an d a llie d p r o d u c ts — — P e tr o le u m re fin in g and r e la te d in d u s tr ie s — 5 5 2 - 1, 0 9 0 850 1 4 ,0 0 0 1, 6 9 0 2, 920 18, 600 244, 000 140 _ 410 _ 5, 060 4, 350 21 0, 000 R u b b er an d m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s p r o d u c t s — L e a th e r and le a th e r p r o d u c ts — ______ — ____ — 4 S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s — -----------------------------P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s — — ------F a b r ic a te d m e ta l p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t o r d n a n c e , m a c h in e r y , a n d tr a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t — 4 1? 300 150 640 12, 900 13 12, 600 225, 000 1 10 160 M a c h in e r y , 21 11, 3 00 167, 000 3 400 3, 900 6 7 e x cep t e le c tr ic a l— E le c tr ic a l m a c h in e r y , s u p p lie s e q u ip m e n t, - ------ --------------------- - 2, 700 1, 8 3 0 2 500 1, 8 3 0 _ 6 _ s c ie n tific , 4 ,8 8 0 • and T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ----------------------------------------------P r o fe s s io n a l, 2 . _ 6, 990 5 8 ,5 0 0 - - - 2 290 27, 500 19 164, 000 2, 91 0 , 000 1 10 30 8 16, 300 317, 000 340 a n d c o n tr o llin g in s tr u m e n ts ; p h o to g r a p h ic an d o p tic a l g o o d s ; w a tc h e s an d c lo c k s — — — — —— — —— M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s — N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ---------------------— — ---------------------- - 2 82 - - - - - 1 10 60 600 1 10 370 - - - 2 2 ,6 0 0 4 6 8 ,0 0 0 23 1, 4 7 0 24, 200 54 6 , 380 38, 200 _ _ _ _ _ 3 55, 000 - - - - - - 48 1, 6 4 0 17, 600 309, 000 6 410 3, 950 24 1, 880 6 , 780 a n d s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e s ------------------------------------------ 15 2, 930 95, 600 5 260 4, 100 11 2 ,8 8 0 8 , t>30 W h o le s a le an d r e t a il tr a d e — ——— — — — F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ----------------------S e r v i c e s — — —— — — — — — — — — — 6 3 270 90 9 - 730 - 15, 900 - 10 1 800 60 10, 900 7 140 3 ,9 3 0 1 ,6 1 0 2, 730 3 70 320 5 380 11. 000 " 3 380 850 A g r ic u ltu r e , fo r e stry , and fis h e r ie s M in in g . — - — C o n tr a c t c o n s tr u c t io n T r a n s p o r ta tio n , gas, c o m m u n ic a tio n , _ . . e le c tr ic , G o v e r n m e n t --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. . " - - - " 60 38 T able A -3. W ork Stoppages in States H aving 25 Stoppages or M ore by Industry G roup, 1964*----- Continued N evada S to p p a g e s In d u stry g ro u p N ew J e r se y S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in M a n -d a y 8 b e g in n in g in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s ) 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d N ew Y ork S to p p a g e s M a n -d a y s id le , M a n -d a y s b e g in n in g in 1 V o 4 \ a ii sto p p a g e s) 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d id le , 170A ta l 1 OU / a ln 4 sto p p a g e s) 34 1 4 ,7 0 0 1 1 4 ,0 0 0 243 7 5 ,0 0 0 1, 3 2 0 ,0 0 0 420 1 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 9 0 ,0 0 0 2 830 2 ,7 4 0 4 156 4 2 ,0 0 0 8 3 6 ,0 0 0 4218 6 8 , 200 96 0,00 0 . . T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ____________________________________ 1 - 30 - 230 - 11 - 3 ,4 1 0 - 2 6 ,7 0 0 . 21 _ 6 ,96 0 _ 7 2 , 100 _ T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s _____________________________________ - - - 5 660 6 , 300 6 430 2 6 ,3 0 0 f a b r i c s a n d s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s _____________ - - - 7 600 3 ,7 9 0 23 4 ,8 7 0 1 4 ,9 0 0 L u m b er and w ood p ro d u c ts, excep t f u r n i t u r e _______________________________________________________ - 5 670 8 ,5 1 0 4 260 3, 570 F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ______ - 5 10 1, 800 9 4 240 940 1 ,5 7 0 - 1 3 ,4 0 0 680 2 8 ,1 0 0 1 1 ,2 0 0 440 1 0 ,4 0 0 9 11 980 24 4 ,7 2 0 3 1 ,4 2 0 3 7 ,9 0 0 7 6 ,4 0 0 7 4 1, 190 110 9 , 140 2 , 340 9 7 330 1 5 ,1 0 0 1, 120 2 ,7 2 0 A ll in d u s tr ie s . __ ______________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ________________________________________ O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ______________________________ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s _____________________________ A p p a r e l a n d o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c t s m a d e fr o m _____________ - - P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ______________________________ - - P r in tin g , - - - r e f i n i n g a n d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ______ R u b b e r a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ___ - - - - - a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s _____________________ - - - 7 1 910 L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s __________________________ 12 2, 300 5 1 ,8 0 0 1 5 ,6 0 0 2 ,5 1 0 12 3 ,9 1 0 4 2 ,9 0 0 11 12 2 ,7 2 0 800 8 ,6 6 0 143, 000 - 5, 200 1 ,4 8 0 1 3 1 ,0 0 0 1 4 ,5 0 0 26 20 1 0 ,8 0 0 2 ,4 0 0 1 4 2 ,0 0 0 3 7 ,9 0 0 p u b lis h in g , ___________ a n d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s _____ C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ________________________ P e tr o le u m S to n e , c la y , P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ______________________________ F a b r ic a te d m e t a l p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t o rd n a n c e , m a c h i n e r y , a n d t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ____ 1 260 2 6 ,2 0 0 4 0 ,8 0 0 510 - - - 11 14 E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, an d s u p p l i e s ________________________________________________________ - 10 3 ,8 0 0 219,000 17 1 0 ,1 0 0 6 7 ,8 0 0 - - - T r a n s p o r ta tio n - 8 8 ,9 3 0 1 7 3 ,0 0 0 4 1 2 ,7 0 0 2 8 8 ,0 0 0 M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l __________________________ P r o fe s s io n a l, e q u i p m e n t ___ ____________________ ______ s c ie n tific , a n d c o n tr o llin g in s tr u m e n ts ; p h o to g r a p h ic an d o p tic a l - - - 2 470 2 ,0 3 0 4 300 1 ,4 3 0 M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s _________ - - - 7 1 ,5 9 0 5 ,4 5 0 14 1 ,8 4 0 2 3 ,0 0 0 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________ 32 1 3 ,8 0 0 111,000 87 3 3 ,0 0 0 4 8 8 ,0 0 0 202 9 1 ,9 0 0 6 2 7 ,0 0 0 20 290 . g o o d s ; w a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s ___— ______________________ A g r ic u ltu r e , fo r e s try , a n d f i s h e r i e s ______________ _ _ . M i n i n g ___ _ ________________________________________________ ______ 4 1 ,5 7 0 2 3 ,8 0 0 1 3 450 1 0 ,1 0 0 - _ - C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n ___ ___________________ ______________ 13 4 ,6 0 0 2 6 ,5 0 0 27 9 ,5 7 0 1 6 4 ,0 0 0 51 2 2 ,9 0 0 333, 000 4 21 1 6 ,8 0 0 1 5 9 ,0 0 0 52 2 1 7 ,0 0 0 630 - 24 _ 4 ,7 4 0 _ 1 5 2 ,0 0 0 . _______________________________________________________ 8 7 , 320 5 8 ,9 0 0 “ - - 590 810 1 ,8 5 0 G o v e r n m e n t ____________________________________________________ 8 3 55 8 32 4 5 9 ,6 0 0 2 ,8 1 0 a n d r e a l e s t a t e . . ____________ 130 220 - 1 ,4 9 0 3 - T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r ic , g a s , a n d s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e s ___________________________ W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e _____________________________ F in a n c e , S e rv ic e s in su ra n c e , O h io 1, 130 P e n n s y lv a n ia 2 4 ,6 0 0 530 2 ,6 3 0 3 ,6 5 0 4 4 ,6 0 0 2 ,4 9 0 5 ,4 9 0 R h o d e Is la n d --------------------------------------------- 340 191,000 2, 69 0,00 0 388 119,000 1 , 1 8 0 ,0 0 0 30 6 ,4 3 0 6 3 , 100 M a n u f a c t u r i n g . . _____________________________________ 42 0 6 1 2 4 ,0 0 0 2, 01 0,00 0 242 7 3 , 300 8 6 1 ,0 0 0 11 2,960 25, 200 3 470 10 ,9 0 0 18 - 2, 590 _ 1 9 ,9 0 0 _ 1 _ 70 _ 70 _ 12 1, 130 1 7 ,4 0 0 1 1,020 1,020 450 A l l in d u s t r ie s .. — O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ______________________________ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ____________ ____ ____________ T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ______ ____ ____ ______ ____ ____ . . . . 14 1 3, 240 600 2,020 9 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,6 8 0 9 ,4 0 0 T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s _____________________________________ A p p a r e l a n d o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c t s m a d e 3 f r o m f a b r i c s a n d s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s . . _________ L u m b er and w ood p ro d u c ts, excep t f u r n i t u r e _________________________ ___________________________ - - - 43 6 ,7 3 0 22, 500 1 450 1 40 260 1, 140 3 ,8 5 0 2 30 1 ,0 4 0 _ _ 4 4 ,8 0 0 5 9 ,5 0 0 7 , 150 3 1 ,7 0 0 2,98 0 _ _ 1 - 40 _ 920 _ 12 - 1, 390 1, 340 2 ,5 0 0 - 7 10 _ _ 14 1 3 ,4 0 0 2 1 6 ,0 0 0 F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ____________ 3 __________ P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ______________________________ P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a n d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s _____ C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ________________________ P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a n d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ______ R u b b e r a n d m i s c e l l a n e o u s p l a s t i c s p r o d u c t s ___ 8 3 2 6 ,5 0 0 - 5 820 2, 270 200 7 2 ,7 0 0 6 2 , 100 1 4 150 970 880 7 0 ,6 0 0 1 _ 80 . 750 _ 730 _ 5, 800 _ 1,290 6 850 1 2 ,6 0 0 a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s _____________________ 1 24 1 - 4 ,5 6 0 84, 500 10 2 , 150 20 200 1 2 ,9 0 0 7 3 , 100 19 7 , 200 3 2 ,1 0 0 5 8 ,8 0 0 1 P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ______________________________ 34 2 480 1 4 ,0 0 0 33 20 1 5 ,9 0 0 3 1 4 ,0 0 0 41 6 ,5 3 0 111,000 25 7 ,6 0 0 1 9 ,0 0 0 2 ,7 8 0 8 1 ,3 0 0 17 5 5 ,5 0 0 8 6 3 ,0 0 0 8 L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s __________________________ S to n e , c la y , F a b r ic a te d m e t a l p r o d u c t s , m a c h in e r y , M a c h in e r y , except ordnance, a n d t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ____ e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ___ ____________________ E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, an d s u p p l i e s ______________________ ____________________________ _. T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t . _____________________________ P r o fe s s io n a l, s c ie n tific , 260 8 20 112,000 - - - 9 0 ,2 0 0 2 80 2 ,0 8 0 8 , 120 161,000 _ 1 2 4 ,0 0 0 - - 8 ,4 2 0 - - a n d c o n tr o llin g in s t r u m e n t s ; p h o to g r a p h ic a n d o p tic a l g o o d s ; w a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s ____________________________ M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ______ _ 4 360 1 1 ,9 0 0 2 0 ., 0 0 0 - . _ 710 1 1 ,0 0 0 1 3 1 ,5 4 0 5 370 2 , 280 - - - 19 3 ,4 7 0 3 7 ,9 0 0 . . N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________ _____________ 134 6 7 ,2 0 0 6 8 4 ,0 0 0 146 4 5 ,7 0 0 3 1 6 ,0 0 0 A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r i e s ______________ M i n i n g . _ — _____ . . . ---------------------- --------------- . . . . . ___ ____ 1 10 1 20 11 4 ,9 5 0 10 3 4 ,9 0 0 26 1 1 ,0 0 0 270 4 4 ,2 0 0 C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n _____ 76 5 6 ,8 0 0 5 3 7 ,0 0 0 58 9 ,4 9 0 9 6 ,6 0 0 a n d s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e s ___________________________ 12 3 ,6 6 0 7 5 ,5 0 0 26 2 0 ,4 0 0 W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e _____________________________ 22 1,01 0 1 6 ,8 0 0 23 3 ,9 1 0 8 2 ,7 0 0 7 7 ,0 0 0 a n d r e a l e s t a t e ---------------------- 1 10 60 1 120 5 ,7 1 0 _____________________________________________________ 9 680 1 9 ,7 0 0 11 690 9 ,4 8 0 2 100 240 - - - T r a n s p o r ta tio n , gas, F in a n c e , S e rv ic e s . _____________________________ c o m m u n ic a tio n , in s u r a n c e , _ 1,90 0 2 5 .5 0 0 5 4 _ 7 30 480 _ t>. 380 3. 280 1 1 10 30 0 220 2 ,4 'H ) - e le c tr ic , G o v e r n m e n t _____________________________________ See footnotes at end of table. . - 8 ____________ - 39 Table A-3. W ork Stoppages in States Having 25 Stoppages or M ore by Industry Group, 19641 -----Continued In d u stry g ro u p V i r g i n i .a Texas T enn essee S to p p a g e s b e g i n n i n g in 1964 M a n -d a y s id le , 1QA4 {■*11 A7 0 4 ^ctll * S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d M a n -d a y s id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) S to p p a g e s b e g i n n in g in 1< 64 1 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d M a n -d a y s id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) N um ber W o rk ers in v o lv e d A l l i n d u s t r i e s ____________________________________ 65 11,2 00 5 0 9 .0 0 0 91 2 6 , 200 3 3 6 ,0 0 0 52 1 4 .2 0 0 1 0 3 ,0 0 0 M a n u f a c tu r i n g --------------------------------------------------------- 40 6 , 970 4 4 3 ,0 0 0 28 8 , 880 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 17 5. 330 5 6 .8 0 0 O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s - ---------------- -------- _ _ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s ---------------------------------------------------T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------------------A p p a r e l and o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c ts m a d e f r o m f a b r i c s a n d s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s - ------------L u m b e r and w ood p r o d u c ts, e x c e p t fu r n it u r e — ------------------------------------------------------------ -----F u r n it u r e and f i x t u r e s -------------------------------------P a p e r and a llie d p r o d u c ts — -----------------------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a n d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s ------ 1 3 - 390 280 - 6 - 1, 0 90 - 8 ,9 4 0 - 1 - 1, 300 - 6 , 490 - - 3 ,9 1 0 1, 210 - 1 220 6 , 160 4 490 1 6 ,3 0 0 1 100 4, 800 - - - - - - - 40 100 - 480 830 1, 5 2 0 1 , 260 1, 3 00 - 6 ,4 8 0 sto p p a g e s) 2 2 2 80 300 70 40 680 7 , 130 2 ,4 0 0 6 3 4 7 ,0 0 0 - 2 2 1 , 200 1 3 1 150 10 9 , 120 10 2 - 5 - 1 ,4 6 0 - 1 2 ,4 0 0 - 1 , 10 0 200 380 410 1, 100 1, 860 4 , 130 7 50 530 - 4 8 ,4 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 - 2 5, 100 - 2 1 19 ,1 00 1 1 30 n o 2, 370 2 ,7 5 0 1 - 1 ,4 6 0 30 220 - 6 1 730 20 8,90 0 400 3 4 170 1, 3 1 0 1 5 ,4 0 0 9 , 270 5 1, 0 4 0 2 2 100 640 1, 3 30 7 ,4 4 0 1 3 40 4 , 580 430 102,000 - 2 1 80 210 510 6 , 850 - - - - - N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------ 25 4 , 280 6 6 ,4 0 0 63 A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r i e s ---------------------------------------------------------------M in in g — — — ------------C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n ----------------------------------------------------T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r ic , g a s , and s a n ita r y s e r v i c e s — — --------W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e -----------------------------------------F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e -------------------S e r v i c e s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------G o v e r n m e n t --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 5 12 16 0 560 920 1 ,7 3 0 3 2 ,4 0 0 _ 1 7 ,1 0 0 4 3 - 2, 500 140 - C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s --------------------------------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a n d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s _____ R u b b er and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s p r o d u c ts — L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s — -----------------------------S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s -----------------------------P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------— — F a b r ic a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t o r d n a n c e , m a c h i n e r y , an d t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t — M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e le c t r ic a l- _ -----— E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y , e q u ip m e n t, and s u p p lie s ___ _ __ — — T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ------------- --------------------- _ P r o f e s s i o n a l, s c i e n t if i c , and c o n t r o llin g in s t r u m e n t s ; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p tic a l g o o d s ; w a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s ---------------------------------------M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ----------- 1 - - - 1 30 200 - 1 1 800 100 3 1 ,2 0 0 900 1 7 ,3 0 0 8 6 , 100 35 8 , 840 4 6 ,0 0 0 . _ _ _ _ 1 42 60 4 , 170 1, 9 7 0 3 2 ,4 0 0 7 11 2 ,4 3 0 1, 120 1 2 ,3 0 0 1 4 ,3 0 0 5, 190 9 ,9 9 0 - 9 9 - 12, 300 550 - 4 3, 800 7, 440 - " 2 260 520 11 4 2 4 ,8 3 0 240 220 12, 000 7 , 080 350 W a s h in g to n A l l i n d u s t r i e s -------------------------------------------------------M a n u fa c tu rin g — _______________________ ___ O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ------------------------------------------F o o d and k in d r e d p r o d u c ts — -------------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s --------------------------------------------------T e x tile m ill p r o d u c ts — ---------------------------- ------------A p p a r e l and o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c ts m a d e f r o m f a b r i c s a n d s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s -----------------L u m b e r and w ood p r o d u c ts, e x c ep t f u r n itu r e _____ ____ ____ ____________________________________ F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s --------------------------------------------------P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------------P r i n t i n g , p u b l i s h i n g , a n d a l l i e d i n d u s t r i e s -----C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s --------------------------------P e t r o l e u m r e f i n i n g a n d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s -------R u b b er and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tic s p r o d u c ts— L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------S t o n e , c l a y , a n d g l a s s p r o d u c t s -----------------------------P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ------------------------------------------F a b r ic a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t o r d n a n c e , m a c h i n e r y , an d tr a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t — M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l -----------------------------------E l e c t r i c a l m a c h i n e r y , e q u ip m e n t, and s u p p l i e s ----------- -------------------------------------------------------------T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ------------------------------------------P r o f e s s io n a l, s c ie n t if i c , and c o n t r o llin g in s tr u m e n ts ; p h o to g r a p h ic and o p tic a l g o o d s ; w a t c h e s a n d c l o c k s ---------------------------------------M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s ----------- - W e st V irg in ia W is c o n s in 48 2 3 ,2 0 0 2 7 3 ,0 0 0 95 3 1, 100 4 4 1 ,0 0 0 81 4 9 ,9 0 0 5 8 2 ,0 0 0 4 20 1 5 .2 0 0 122.000 27 1 2 .5 0 0 3 5 1 .0 0 0 52 4 6 .9 0 0 5 2 0 ,0 0 0 _ _ _ . 4 - - - 250 - 8 ,4 4 0 - - 190 - 130, 000 420 - _ 30 - 3 ,9 2 0 80 - _ 1 - 2 1 - 1 10 460 1 160 160 3 360 7 ,4 9 0 6 1 1 2 - 930 30 1 0 ,4 0 0 3 2 60 - 11,1 00 80 8 8 ,5 0 0 1 ,0 4 0 - 210 770 2 1, 0 3 0 - - - - 6 3 200 580 220 - 3, 320 7, 690 6 , 750 - 1 1 - 1, 140 210 420 20 - 2 4 ,0 0 0 2 2 2 - 2, 050 3, 870 1 5 3 70 2, 040 2 , 000 2 ,4 7 0 5 9 ,6 0 0 4 , 660 2 3 1 310 120 3, 800 950 3, 060 5 7 ,0 0 0 5, 130 2 1 1, 2 70 60 7 2 ,1 0 0 5, 660 8 9 3, 340 7 , 310 1 1 3 ,0 0 0 1 0 8 ,0 0 0 430 840 1 0 ,3 0 0 1 8 ,6 0 0 1 4 730 2 8 ,0 0 0 1 5 9 ,0 0 0 - - - 2 1, 7 1 0 8 ,4 9 0 2 2 5, 340 1 ,6 8 0 810 - 1 1 ,7 0 0 - - - - - - 1 70 1, 100 1 600 2 8 ,7 0 0 4 2 670 180 1 8 ,5 0 0 1, 3 80 __________________________ 28 7 ,9 6 0 1 5 1 ,0 0 0 68 18, 600 9 0 ,4 0 0 29 3, 010 6 2 ,2 0 0 A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r i e s ---------------M i n i n g — — ---------------------- ----------------------- — — _ - - 100 15, 200 1, 0 40 56, 900 _ - 1 36 _ - - - - 18 5, 380 112, 000 21 2, 790 2 0 ,6 0 0 14 2, 150 4 4 ,9 0 0 5 5 _ 240 2, 340 _ 3, 160 3 6 ,0 0 0 - 2 6 - 80 220 - 170 1 1 ,2 00 - 1 150 n o 330 n o 6 6 1 _ 200 510 10 - 5 ,2 3 0 11 ,1 00 280 - 2 140 610 N o n m a n u fa c tu rin g - C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n — ------------------------------ ---------T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r ic , g a s , and s a n ita r y s e r v i c e s — -------------------------W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e ------------------------------- — F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e --------S e r v i c e s — —— — — —— — — — — — — __— — __- ___ _ G o v e r n m e n t -------------- — 1 2 ----------------------------------------------- - - N o w o r k s t o p p a g e s w e r e r e c o r d e d d u r i n g 1 9 6 4 f o r th e i n d u s t r y I d l e n e s s i n 1 9 6 4 r e s u l t i n g f r o m a s t o p p a g e th a t b e g a n in 1 9 6 3 . groups 1 fo r w h ic h no d a ta are p r e se n te d . 3 A l a r g e p r o p o r t i o n o f th e 1 9 6 4 i d l e n e s s r e s u l t e d f r o m s t o p p a g e s th a t b e g a n i n 1 9 6 3 . 4 S t o p p a g e s a f f e c t i n g m o r e th a n 1 i n d u s t r y g r o u p h a v e b e e n c o u n t e d i n e a c h g r o u p a f f e c t e d ; w o r k e r s a l l o c a t e d to th e r e s p e c t i v e g r o u p s . 5 I d l e n e s s in 1 9 6 4 r e s u l t i n g f r o m s t o p p a g e s th a t b e g a n i n 1 9 6 3 . 6 A l a r g e p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e 1 9 6 4 i d l e n e s s r e s u l t e d f r o m a s t o p p a g e t h a t b e g a n in 1 9 6 3 . NOTE: B ecause of r o u n d in g , su m s o f in d i v i d u a l i t e m s m ay not . e q u a l t o t a ls . in v o lv e d and m a n -d a y s id le w ere 40 T able A-4. W ork Stoppages by Industry G roup and Contract Status, 1964 N e g o tia t io n o f f i r s t a g r e e m e n t In d u stry grou p b e g in n in g in 1964 W ork ers in v o lv e d A l l in d u s t r ie s .. ____________________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------- O rdnance --------------------------------------------- and a c c e s s o r i e s .. ._ . ___________ _____ F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------------T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s _____________________________________ T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ______ _________ _____ __________ M a n -d a y s id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) R e n e g o tia tio n o f a g r e e m e n t o r u n io n r e c o g n it io n T o ta l S to p p a g e s (e x p ir a t io n o r r e o p e n in g ) S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in 1964 N um ber W ork ers in v o lv e d M a n -d a y s id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in M a n -d a y s 1964 s t o u ma g e s ) N pp ber N um ber W ork ers in v o lv e d id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) * 3 ,6 5 5 1 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 22, 90 0,00 0 646 6 7 ,0 0 0 1 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0 * 1 ,6 1 3 1, 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 9 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 1 ,7 9 4 9 9 4 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 351 4 9 ,2 0 0 1 ,2 4 0 ,0 0 0 * 935 6 8 1 ,0 0 0 13, 1 00, 000 6 ,8 2 0 1 5 4 ,0 0 0 1 3 6 ,0 0 0 2 470 8 ,4 7 0 866,000 1 ,6 8 0 3 44 - 4 ,0 4 0 5 4 ,9 0 0 600 1 ,9 5 0 - 6 6 ,9 0 0 - 93 - 3 8 ,8 0 0 - 749, 000 _ 8 186 1 L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s , 1 2 4 ,0 0 0 8 370 3 1 ,2 0 0 22 5 , 190 7 4 ,9 0 0 2 2 5 ,0 0 0 23 1, 100 3 5 ,9 0 0 31 1 7 ,8 0 0 1 6 9 ,0 0 0 7 , 110 9 6 ,9 0 0 11 820 2 1 ,6 0 0 60 6 ,9 3 0 20 12 1 ,4 1 0 20 ,0 0 0 28 3 ,6 3 0 4 7 ,7 0 0 3 8 ,9 0 0 1 4 5 ,0 0 0 5 8 0 ,0 0 0 7 5 ,2 0 0 79 1 8 7 ,0 0 0 51 1 4 ,6 0 0 3 8 0 ,0 0 0 50 94 8 ,6 5 0 8 0 1 ,0 0 0 18 3 3 7 ,0 0 0 17 5 5 ,9 0 0 1 4 ,9 0 0 7 ,0 0 0 21 ,0 0 0 780 1 ,0 8 0 24 ________ 63 1 6 ,9 0 0 7 4 3 ,0 0 0 3 1 3 ,0 0 0 ------------------------ 22 5, 340 1 6 4 ,0 0 0 3 220 1 0 ,8 0 0 13 4 ,2 4 0 1 5 2 ,0 0 0 1 5 6 ,0 0 0 31 15 82 1 7 ,4 0 0 2 5 0 ,0 0 0 a n d f i x t u r e s _____________________________________ P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s __ ___________________________ P r in t i n g , p u b lis h in g , and a llie d i n d u s t r i e s ______ ______ _______ ______ ___ ___ ____ _____________ C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s __________ P e tr o le u m 8 ,4 4 0 2 4 ,7 0 0 except f u r n i t u r e ________________________________________________________ F u r n it u r e 37 106 56 37 4 ,9 3 0 6 6 ,8 0 0 r e fin in g and r e la te d i n d u s t r i e s ________________________ __ . R u b b e r and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s tic s 3 0 ,0 0 0 6 ,0 5 0 4 5 2 ,0 0 0 15 1, 140 34 6 7 , 300 6 ,06 0 117 2 2 ,8 0 0 4 1 2 ,0 0 0 5 14 240 p r o d u c t s ______________________ 650 2 1 ,9 0 0 P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ____________ ___________________ 173 8 7 ,7 0 0 1, 01 0,00 0 1, 2 50 228 7 9 ,9 0 0 1 ,5 5 0 ,0 0 0 5 ,4 0 0 54, 700 192,000 83 F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s 3 ____________________________ 18 60 16 ,2 0 0 4 2 ,2 0 0 120 6 2 ,5 0 0 M a c h i n e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ______________ E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, and 191 12 0,00 0 1, 1 4 0 ,0 0 0 36 1 ,6 5 0 5 2 ,4 0 0 103 7 1 ,4 0 0 7 5 7 ,0 0 0 105 6 2 ,7 0 0 8 5 9 ,0 0 0 15 3 ,2 7 0 6 9 ,7 0 0 3 9 ,5 0 0 120 3 8 6 ,0 0 0 6 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 15 1 ,3 3 0 1 5 ,6 0 0 51 48 3 0 2 ,0 0 0 7 1 5 ,0 0 0 5 ,8 9 0 ,0 0 0 23 6 ,8 4 0 1 7 0 ,0 0 0 5 1, 310 1 3 ,1 0 0 15 5 ,3 2 0 1 5 6 ,0 0 0 49 8 ,9 6 0 1 4 6 ,0 0 0 9 1, 150 1 9 ,7 0 0 35 7 ,2 5 0 121,000 * 1 ,8 6 5 6 4 6 ,0 0 0 7 ,2 1 0 ,0 0 0 295 1 7 ,8 0 0 2 5 2 ,0 0 0 *681 4 1 9 ,0 0 0 6 , 000,000 p r o d u c t s _____________________________ L e a th e r and le a t h e r p r o d u c t s . S to n e , c la y , and g la s s — .. — _________ _______________ _______ s u p p l i e s __________ ___ ___ _______________________________ ____ ___ T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ------------------------------------------------I n s t r u m e n t s , e t c . 4 __________ ___ ______ _____________________ M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s __________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ ___ ___________ ______ _ 67 3 ,0 0 0 4 4 ,1 0 0 6 130 5 ,6 4 0 5 2 ,9 9 0 690 5 1 ,1 0 0 3 6 6 ,0 0 0 7 8 2 ,0 0 0 1, 290,000 6 ,0 4 0 A g r i c u l t u r e , f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r i e s ---------------------M jr > i p g r ____ , _____ ________________ ___ ________ _ 18 155 8 3 ,4 0 0 8 0 8 ,0 0 0 6 610 1 6 ,1 0 0 31 3 2 ,9 0 0 6 1 1 ,0 0 0 C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n _____ ____ ___________________________ T r a n s p o r ta tio n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e le c t r ic , 944 2 4 8 ,0 0 0 2 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 87 4 ,5 3 0 3 6 ,7 0 0 279 1 7 2 ,0 0 0 2 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 257 2 0 5 ,0 0 0 1 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 38 2 ,4 2 0 2 5 ,7 0 0 120 1 4 4 ,0 0 0 1 ,7 1 0 ,0 0 0 309 17 125 41 6 1 ,6 0 0 830 2 0 ,9 0 0 1 ,3 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,4 0 0 2 4 5 ,0 0 0 7 0 ,8 0 0 97 7 44 10 3, 340 170 3 ,9 8 0 2 ,6 4 0 7 5 ,4 0 0 780 8 3 , 300 174 4 7 ,6 0 0 650 1 5 ,3 0 0 1 ,0 9 0 ,0 0 0 9 ,0 2 0 1 4 9 ,0 0 0 4 ,9 4 0 2 1 ,8 0 0 gas, a n d s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e s ------------------------------------------- W h o le s a le a n d r e t a i l t r a d e ----------------------------------------------F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e - - __ ------S e r v i c e s _ . ___ . ______________ ___ ___ ___________ G o v e r n m e n t ____ ______ ________________________________________ See fo o tn o te s at end of t a b le . 2 2 ,7 0 0 8 ,0 6 0 9 57 7 41 T able A -4. W ork Stoppages by Industry G rou p and Contract Status, 1964----- Continued D u rin g te r m o f a g r e e m e n t (n e g o tia tio n o f n ew a g r e e m e n t n o t in v o lv e d ) S to p p a g e s M a n -d a y s b e g in n in g in id le , 1964 1 9 6 4 (a ll W ork ers s to p p a g e s) N um ber in v o lv e d In d u stry g rou p N o in fo r m a tio n on c o n tr a c t sta tu s N o c o n tra c t o r o th e r c o n tr a c t sta tu s S to p p a g e s b e g in n in g in S to p p a g e s M a n -d a y s id le , ? 1< 6 4 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) b e g in n in g in 1964 W ork ers N um ber in v o lv e d M a n -d a y s id le , 1 9 6 4 (a ll sto p p a g e s) ___________________ 1 1 ,3 1 7 4 6 2 ,0 0 0 2 ,2 8 0 , 00 0 59 1 1 ,0 0 0 6 3 , 100 20 850 1 5 ,3 0 0 --------------------------------------------- 480 2 6 3 ,0 0 0 1, 3 9 0 ,0 0 0 12 1, 000 2, 550 16 520 5, 800 1 - 30 - 210 - 1 - 50 - 230 - A l l i n d u s t r i e s ___________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------- --------------------------------- 3 2 , 320 9 ,4 7 0 F o o d a n d k i n d r e d p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------------------- 47 1 4 ,1 0 0 4 9 ,6 0 0 T o b a c c o m a n u f a c t u r e s _____________________________________ 1 600 O r d n a n c e a n d a c c e s s o r i e s ------------ 5 2 , 820 1 ,6 8 0 1 6 ,6 0 0 1 20 40 1 30 1, 190 A p p a r e l , e t c . 2 _____________________________________________ ___ L u m b e r and w o o d p r o d u c t s , e x c e p t 46 5 ,4 8 0 19, 000 1 60 120 5 240 810 f u r n i t u r e -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1, 370 1 ,8 7 0 8 ,4 9 0 - 22 ,0 0 0 1 - _____ 8 11 30 150 - - - _________ 15 4 , 210 1 2 ,8 0 0 1 30 150 - - - i n d u s t r i e s _____________________________________________________ C h e m i c a l s a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s _________________________ 6 790 2 ,9 9 0 2 ,2 4 0 1 50 100 1 20 370 14 9 ,6 2 0 “ - - - 5 870 1,200 - - - 1 10 140 T e x t i l e m i l l p r o d u c t s ______________________________________ F u r n i t u r e a n d f i x t u r e s ______________________ P a p e r a n d a l l i e d p r o d u c t s __ P r in tin g , p u b lis h in g , P e tr o le u m r e fin in g i n d u s t r i e s ___________ ____ _______________ and a llie d and r e la te d _____________ ________________ _____ R u b b e r and m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t ic s 20 1 1 ,4 0 0 4 5 ,5 0 0 - - - 11 2 , 100 8 ,6 1 0 720 1 ,5 2 0 - 18 5 ,8 5 0 22 ,1 00 1 ,8 1 0 4 4 ,1 0 0 30 - 100 71 10 - 2 P r i m a r y m e t a l i n d u s t r i e s ________________________________ 3 1 - 10 - 200 - p r o d u c t s ----------------------------------- 1 20 60 510 p r o d u c t s ____ ___________________ __________ _______________ L e a t h e r a n d l e a t h e r p r o d u c t s ---------------------S to n e , c la y , and g la s s ------------------------ 46 12 ,0 0 0 1 7 6 ,0 0 0 7 1 , 100 e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l ___________________________ 51 4 7 ,1 0 0 3 2 8 ,0 0 0 39 57 1 9 ,9 0 0 8 2 ,5 0 0 7 3 ,8 0 0 - 5 0 9 ,0 0 0 - F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c t s 3 __ M a c h in e r y , ---------- E le c tr ic a l m a c h in e r y , s u p p l i e s ____________________ -------- e q u ip m e n t, — ------- T r a n s p o r t a t i o n e q u i p m e n t ________________________________ ________________________ 2 210 4 550 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------ 838 1 9 9 ,0 0 0 8 8 5 ,0 0 0 - - - - - - - 480 - - 1 10 10 ~ " 47 9 ,9 7 0 6 0 ,6 0 0 4 340 9 ,4 6 0 1, 3 20 e t c . 4 ________________ 30 - 10 5, 090 In str u m e n ts, 2 230 - 1 620 M i s c e l l a n e o u s m a n u f a c t u r i n g i n d u s t r i e s --------------- - 50 - and ----------------------------------- 1 1 - _ -------------- 3 115 1 7 1 ,0 0 0 4 2 1 ,0 7 0 4 9 ,6 0 0 70 3 1 ,1 0 0 430 1 300 9, 000 --------------- 570 7 0 ,4 0 0 3 4 0 ,0 0 0 6 390 2 ,8 1 0 2 20 50 a n d s a n i t a r y s e r v i c e s ____________________________ 93 5 4 ,9 0 0 1 6 6 ,0 0 0 6 3, 700 3 ,9 0 0 - " - W h o l e s a l e a n d r e t a i l t r a d e -------------- -------------------------F i n a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , a n d r e a l e s t a t e ------------------------ 32 1 0 ,4 0 0 1 7 4 ,0 0 0 580 130 - - 20 - 410 10 110 - 1 1 5 - S e r v i c e s ________________________________________ _________________ 19 5 1 ,4 3 0 8 , 130 5 190 4 ,5 0 0 - - - 1 0 ,7 0 0 2 3 ,2 0 0 19 4 ,4 4 0 1 7 ,7 0 0 A g r ic u ltu r e , t*? n g f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r i e s -----. . .. .. C o n t r a c t c o n s t r u c t i o n ---------------------------------------T r a n s p o r ta tio n , gas, c o m m u n ic a tio n , G o v e r n m e n t __________ 1 and ______________ 1, 110 e le c tr ic , _____________________ S t o p p a g e s e x te n d in g in to 2 i n d u s t r i e s o r in d u s t r y g r o u p s o r m o r e h a v e b e e n c o u n te d m a n -d a y s id le w ere a llo c a t e d to th e r e sp e c tiv e in each in d u s tr y or group a ffe c te d ; grou p s. 2 Includes other fin ish ed produ cts m ade fr o m fa b r ic s and sim ila r m a te ria ls. 3 4 E x c lu d e s o r d n a n c e , m a c h in e r y , and tr a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m e n t. I n c lu d e s p r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , and c o n tr o llin g in s t r u m e n t s ; NOTE: B ecau se of r o u n d in g , su m s of in d iv id u a l it e m s m ay not p h o to g r a p h ic equal t o t a ls . and o p tic a l good s; w a tc h e s and c lo c k s . w orkers - in v o lv e d Appendix B. Chronology— The Atlantic and Gulf Coast Longshoremen’s Strike, 1964—65 June 16, 1964 R e p r e s e n ta tiv e s of the Intern ation al L o n g s h o r e m e n 's A s s o c ia t io n 's (ILA) A tlan tic C oast D is t r ic t and its South A tla n tic and Gulf C oast D is t r ic t m et in New Y o rk C ity to draft co n tr a c t p r o p o s a ls fo r s u b m iss io n to the New Y o rk Shipping A s s o c ia tio n (N Y S A ).1 June 25 R e p re s e n ta tiv e s of the N YSA m et b r ie fly w ith IL A n e g o tia to rs to a cce p t the u n ion 's co n tra ct p r o p o s a ls . The la tte r, p re s e n te d b y IL A P r e s id e n t T h om a s W. G leason , ca lle d fo r a 3 -y e a r a g reem en t p ro v id in g , am ong other things, a w age in c r e a s e of 35 cents o v e r the te r m of the con tra ct; an 8 -h ou r d a ily gu aran tee; an in c r e a s e in p e n s io n s; an additional h olid a y ea ch y e a r, r a isin g the num ber to 12; and reten tion o f the 2 0 -m a n w ork gang. July 1 Jam es J. R ey n old s, A ssista n t S e c r e ta r y of L a b o r, p re s e n te d c o p ie s of the U.S. D epartm en t o f L a b o r 's r e p o r t on m an pow er u tiliza tio n and jo b s e c u r ity in the P o r t o f New Y ork to 22 union and m an agem ent re p r e s e n ta tiv e s . Th is r e p o r t, 1 of 10 p re p a r e d b y the D ep artm en t on A tla n tic and Gulf C oast p o r ts , w as a u th orized b y the January 1963 " M e m o randum o f S ettlem en t" w h ich brou gh t the 1962— lo n g sh o r e strik e to a c l o s e .2 63 July 7 C on tra ct n egotiation s b egan in New Y o rk . A lex an d er C hopin, C h airm an of Y o rk Shipping A s s o c ia tio n , sought to b egin the s e s s io n with a d is c u s s io n o f the L a bor m e n t's fin d in gs, a c o u r s e o f a ction r e je c t e d by T h om as G leason , who in s iste d r e c e iv in g the e m p lo y e r ’ s c o u n te r p r o p o s a ls . M anagem ent r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s a g re e d to th eir p r o p o s a ls at the next m eetin g. the New D ep a rt on fir s t p re se n t July 14 The co u n te r p r o p o s a ls p re s e n te d by the NYSA ca lle d fo r a 5 -y e a r a greem en t with a w a g e -r e o p e n e r cla u se a fter the th ird y e a r, and p ro v id in g , am ong other things, fo r the e lim in a tion of ro y a lty paym ents on co n ta in e riz e d ca rg o . C ou nterdem an ds to the u n ion ’ s re q u e st fo r w age in c r e a s e s w e r e d e fe r r e d until d is c u s s io n s had b een h eld on m anpow er u tiliza tion . A m an agem ent p r o p o s a l that a jo in t co m m itte e be e s ta b lis h e d to d is cu s s this la tte r m a tter w as a cce p te d b y the union. T h is jo in t co m m itte e w as sch ed u led to h old d aily m e e tin g s during the w eek of July 20, and w as to re p o r t its fin d in gs to the fu ll n egotiating co m m itte e on July 27. July 29 F e d e r a l M e d ia to rs R o b e rt H. M o o r e , J. A ndrew B u rk e, and H e rb e rt r e c e iv e d a p r o g r e s s r e p o r t in sep a ra te m ee tin g s with ea ch o f the p a r tie s . S ch m e rtz 1 The New York Shipping Association is authorized to bargain for employer associations in the North Atlantic area with respect to wages, hours, employer contributions to the welfare and pension funds, and the term of the agreement. Settlements on these issues, generally referred to as the Master Contract, are then incorporated into local agreements in these ports. Negotiations on working conditions and other matters are conducted on the local level. In the South Atlantic and Gulf Coast ports, there are several employer associations and groupings, with separate negotiations being conducted in Miami, Mobile, New Orleans, and Galveston. Negotiations in these ports are influenced by the New York settlement, but there is a general tendency to follow the New Orleans agreement on economic issues. 2 Reports were subsequently issued for the following ports: Baltimore, Boston, Charleston, Galveston, Houston, Jacksonville, Mobile, New Orleans, and Philadelphia. 43 44 July 30 The p a r tie s , in a c c o r d w ith the January 1963 M em ora n d u m of Settlem en t, s e le c te d a n eu tral b o a r d to a s s is t them in the r e s o lu tio n o f th eir d iffe r e n c e s . At th eir re q u e st, S e c r e ta r y of L a b or W. W illa rd W irtz appointed to this b o a r d the m en w ho had p a rticip a te d in the settlem en t of t h e 1962— 63 lo n g sh o r e s trik e : Senator W ayne M o r s e , C h airm an ; T h e o d o re W. K h eel, New Y ork C ity a ttorn ey and a r b itr a to r ; and P r o f. J am es A. H ealy of the H a rv a rd S ch ool of B u sin ess A d m in istra tion . Due to the p r e s s u r e o f his s e n a to ria l co m m itm e n ts, Senator M o r s e w as unable to s e r v e , and, at the p a r t ie s ' re q u e s t, A ssista n t L a b o r S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s s e r v e d as ch a irm a n in h is p la ce . D avid Stow e, D ir e c to r of the L a b o r D ep artm en t study, w as a ss ig n e d as a d v is o r to the b o a rd . C on tra ct talks opened in New O rle a n s. August 11 The n eu tral b o a rd h eld sep a ra te m ee tin g s w ith IL A and N YSA r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s . The b o a r d su bsequ en tly m et re g u la r ly w ith the p a r tie s , both s e p a ra te ly and jo in tly , through S ep tem b er 30. A ugust 18 D uring a 5 -h o u r m eetin g w ith the n eu tral b o a r d , the union e x p r e s s e d a w illin g n e s s to co n s id e r a red u ction in gang s iz e in retu rn fo r a guaran teed annual w age. August 29 N e g o tia to rs fo r the South A tla n tic p o rts opened 7 days o f co n tr a c t talks in M ia m i. S ep tem b er 3 The n eu tra l b o a rd a sk ed the IL A n egotiatin g co m m itte e to subm it its p r o p o s a l fo r changes in the op e ra tio n of the h irin g ce n te rs in the P o r t o f New Y o rk . W hile the union h a ile d this re q u e s t as a p o s s ib le b re a k in the sta le m a te , the s iz e o f the w o rk gang re m a in e d the k e y u n r e s o lv e d iss u e . The b o a rd sch ed u led a S ep tem b er 8 m eetin g w ith the W a terfron t C o m m is s io n 3 to d is c u s s the h irin g ce n te r iss u e . S ep tem b er 16 C on tra ct n egotiation s began in G a lv eston fo r the W est Gulf p o rts . S ep tem b er 18 tia tion s. U nion and m an agem ent r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s fo r the South A tla n tic p o rts re s u m e d n e g o M eetin gs w e r e h eld d a ily through S ep tem b er 30. S ep tem b er 21 The N YSA o ffe r e d to subm it a ll u n re s o lv e d is s u e s to fin al and binding a rb itra tio n . S ep tem b er 23 Union m e m b e r s in N orth A tla n tic p o rts v o te d to r e je c t the N Y SA 's a rb itra tio n p r o p o s a l. S ep tem b er 25 The n eu tra l b o a rd , in a c c o r d with its m andate, su bm itted to the p a r tie s the r e c om m en d ation s it had p re p a r e d fo r re s o lu tio n o f the re m a in in g is s u e s in the P o r t of New Y ork . At the p a r tie s ' re q u est, the reco m m e n d a tio n s w e r e not co n fin e d to the jo b s e cu rity ---3 The hiring of longshoremen in the Port of New York is supervised by the Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor, a bi-State regulatory agency created in 1953. 45 m an pow er u tiliza tio n p r o b le m s , but c o v e r e d a ll a sp e cts o f the dispu te. A m on g the r e c o m m en dation s w e r e a ph a sed re d u ctio n in gang s iz e in re tu rn fo r a gu aran teed annual w age, g re a te r fle x ib ility in the a ssig n m en t of m en, and the e a r ly cu rta ilm en t o f new entrants into the lo n g sh o r e la b o r f o r c e . S ep tem b er 26— 29 The n eu tral b o a r d continued its in ten sive settlem en t on the b a s is of its re co m m e n d a tio n s. e ffo r ts to h elp the p a r tie s a ch iev e a S ep tem b er 29 N eg o tia to rs in New O rlea n s r e p o r te d that th ey had r e a ch e d “ a g re e m e n t in p r in c ip le " on a ll n o n e co n o m ic is s u e s . S ep tem b er 30 N egotiation s b ro k e o ff during the a fte rn o o n fo llo w in g T h om a s W. G le a s o n ’ s ann ou n ce m ent that the u n ion 's "n o co n tra ct— no w o r k " p o lic y w ould go into e ffe c t at m idnight when the old a greem en t ex p ired . P r e s id e n t John son invoked the "n a tio n a l e m e r g e n c y " p r o v is io n s o f the T a ft-H a r tle y A ct and appointed the fo llo w in g th re e -m a n B o a rd o f In quiry to in v estiga te the d is p u te :4 H e rb e rt S ch m e rtz , W ashington a ttorn ey and a r b itr a to r , C h airm an ; J am es J. H ealy; and T h e o d ore W. K h eel. The la tter two m en had s e r v e d on the neu tral b o a rd s e le c te d in late July. O ctob er 1 L o n g sh o re m e n in p o rts fr o m M aine to T ex a s stopp ed w ork . The B o a rd o f In q u iry 's re p o r t, su m m a rizin g the b ack g rou n d and p re s e n t status o f the dispu te, w as su bm itted to the P re sid e n t. The B o a rd con clu d ed : "T h e rig id ity o f p o sitio n s on m an y o f the m a in is s u e s , plus the c o m p le x ity of item s co n c e rn e d with the re la te d c r a fts , m akes the p o s s ib ilit y o f an e a rly settlem en t m o s t r e m o te ." P r e s id e n t Johnson d ir e c te d the J u stice D epartm en t to se e k an in ju n ction on the grounds that a con tin u ation of the strik e w ou ld im p e r il the national health and safety. U.S. D is trict Judge F r e d e r ic k van P e lt B ryan sig n ed a 1 0-d a y re s tr a in in g o r d e r at 8 p .m . and o rd e r e d both s id e s to appear b e fo r e him on O cto b e r 8 to show ca u se why the inju nction should not be exten ded fo r the 8 0 -d a y p e r io d p r e s c r ib e d b y the T a ft-H a r tle y A ct. IL A o ffic ia ls co m p lie d with the co u rt o r d e r and n o tifie d th eir m e m b e rs to retu rn to w ork . O ctob er 8 A d e c is io n on the G o v ern m en t's p etition fo r an in ju n ction w as d e fe r r e d a fte r the IL A q u estion ed its le g a lity . Judge Irvin g B en C o o p e r , w ho h e a rd the a rgu m en ts, ask ed union and m an agem ent a ttorn eys to file addition al p a p e rs b y 2:30 p .m ., O c to b e r 9. O cto b er 10 Judge C o o p e r exten ded the inju nction to 80 d ays, the strik e until D e c e m b e r 20. thus p roh ib itin g a re su m p tio n o f O cto b er 21— 31 C on tra ct talks in New Y ork re s u m e d on O cto b e r 21, ce n te rin g in itia lly on the dem ands of the c a r p e n te r s , c o o p e r s and m ain ten ance m en. At the p a r tie s ' re q u e st, this m eetin g and th ose h eld su bsequ en tly w e re con d u cted b y A ssista n t L a b o r S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s, a s s is te d b y D avid Stow e. 4 This marked the 24th time since 1947 that such action was deemed necessary, and the 6th time that Atlantic Coast long shoremen were involved in a "national emergency" dispute. 46 November 1 A ss ista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s r e p o r te d that the n egotiation s re m a in e d s t a le m a ted o v e r the sam e m an pow er u tiliza tio n is s u e s w h ich had sp a rk ed the strik e . A m a n a g e m en t dem and fo r g r e a te r fle x ib ility in a ssig n in g w ork to c a r g o c h e c k e r s w as one o f the m ain p oin ts at is s u e . N o v e m b er 5 The S e c r e ta r y of L a b o r, c o n c e r n e d b y the d e a d lo ck e d n e g o tia tio n s, c a lle d union and e m p lo y e r n egotiatin g tea m s to W ashington fo r sep a ra te m e e tin g s on N o v e m b e r 6. N o v e m b er 9— 25 F req u en t m e e tin g s , both jo in t and s ep a ra te , w e r e h eld under the d ir e c tio n o f A ss ista n t L a b o r S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s and D avid Stowe. N o v e m b e r 20 The IL A p etition ed the N LRB to a llow its s ix cr a fts to vote s e p a ra te ly on the e m p lo y e r s ' "fin a l" o ffe r . Ivan C. M c L e o d , N LR B R egion a l D ir e c t o r , d en ied this r e q u e s t on N o v em b er 25. V oting w as sch ed u led fo r D e c e m b e r 10— 15. N o v e m b er 24 A ss ista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s su g g ested that the p a r tie s a cce p t a 1 -y e a r co n tr a c t on w a ges and frin g e b en efits w h ile th ey con tin u ed to n egotiate the u n r e s o lv e d m a n p o w e r is s u e s . T h is a p p roa ch w as a cce p ta b le to the union, but w as r e je c t e d b y m an agem ent. L a b or and m an agem ent s in ce S ep tem b er 30. r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s in New O rlea n s m et fo r th eir f ir s t talks N o v e m b er 28 The B o a rd of Inquiry h eard the e m p lo y e r s ' " fin a l" o ffe r at a 2 -h o u r m e e tin g w ith union and m an agem ent o ffic ia ls . N o v e m b er 30 The B o a rd o f Inquiry, in its s e con d r e p o r t to the P r e s id e n t, stated that c o n tr a c t te r m s fo r th ree cr a ft grou ps had b een a g re e d upon, but that an im p a s se had b e e n r e a ch e d in d is c u s s io n s on the w ork a ssig n m en ts of c le r k s , c h e c k e r s , and te rm in a l la b o r. The B o a rd r e p o r te d that the p a r tie s had a ffir m e d th eir "w illin g n e s s to engage in n egotiation s as e x te n s iv e ly as n e c e s s a r y to u se any and a ll op p ortu n ities to a ch ie v e a settlem en t p r io r to the ex p ira tio n o f the in ju n ction ." D ecem ber 6 N egotiation s fo r the South A tla n tic p o rts w e r e re s u m e d through D e c e m b e r 12. in M ia m i; talks con tin u ed D ecem ber 9 The IL A e n tered into a M em ora n d u m o f U nderstanding w ith o ffic ia ls o f the B ro o k ly n A rm y T e r m in a l, stating that m ilita r y c a r g o w ou ld be handled should the union strik e at the e x p ira tio n of the inju nction. A lthough the union has tra d itio n a lly fo llo w e d a p o lic y o f handling m ilita r y c a r g o e s , it re p o r te d ly had n ev er b e fo r e bound it s e lf to do so b y a w ritte n a g re e m e n t. D e c e m b e r 16 E m p lo y e r and union re p r e s e n ta tiv e s announced that tentative a gre e m e n t had b e e n r e a ch e d on a 4 -y e a r co n tra ct fo r the P o r t o f New Y o rk . Included in the a g re e m e n t, w h ich p r o v id e d an 8 0 -ce n t w a g e -fr in g e p a ck a g e, w e r e p r o v is io n s fo r a p h a sed re d u ctio n in gang s iz e and a gu aran teed annual w age. V otin g on ra tific a tio n o f the a g re e m e n t w as sch e d u le d fo r January 8, 1965. 47 IL A o ffic ia ls in a ll but the W est Gulf p o rts a g re e d to extend co n tra ct talks through January 10; in t}ie W est Gulf, talks w e r e continued on a d a y -to -d a y b a s is only. D e c e m b e r 20 The 8 0 -d a y in ju n ction e x p ir e d at 8 p .m . D e c e m b e r 21 L o n g sh o re m e n at m o r e than h alf o f the p ie r s in the p o rt o f New Y o rk w alk ed o ff th eir jo b s , p rom p tin g union o ffic ia ls to undertake a ca m p aign to a d v ise the m e m b e rs h ip o f the m e r its o f the new a g reem en t. D u rin g the w eek w h ich fo llo w e d , b r ie f s p o r a d ic w alkouts a ls o o c c u r r e d at the p o rts o f B a ltim o re , B oston , G a lv eston , and H ouston. D e c e m b e r 22 N egotiation s fo r the W est G ulf p o rts w e r e re s u m e d under the d ir e c tio n o f A ssista n t L a b o r S e c r e ta r y R ey n old s. M ed iative a s s is ta n ce w as su bsequ en tly p ro v id e d b y D avid Stowe a n d /o r A ssista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s in talks h eld in G a lv eston during D e c e m b e r 23— 24, D e c e m b e r 28— 31, and January 5— 10. A m ong the h ost o f u n re s o lv e d is s u e s w e r e the e s ta b lish m en t of a m in im u m gang s iz e , the m o n e ta ry s iz e o f the a g re e m e n t, and the r e tr o a c tiv ity o f the a g reem en t. January 8, 1965 L o n g sh o re m e n in the p o rt o f New Y o rk voted down the a g re e m e n t re a ch e d on D e c e m b e r 16. T h om a s W. G lea son , IL A P r e s id e n t, o r d e r e d a s trik e to b e g in at 12:01 a .m . on January 11. January 10 S team ship o p e r a to r s a pp ealed to P r e s id e n t Johnson th rough A ssista n t L a b o r S e c r e ta ry R eyn old s to seek le g is la tio n fo r c in g the IL A to c o m p u ls o r y a rb itra tio n . January 11 L o n g sh o re m e n fr o m M aine to T ex a s re s u m e d the s t r ik e .5 Union o ffic ia ls in New Y o rk began a ca m p aign to exp la in the advantages o f the r e je c t e d a g re e m e n t to the m e m b e rs h ip . January 12 The N ation al M a ritim e Union and the S e a fa r e r s ’ In tern ation al U nion n o tifie d s te a m ship com p a n ies that th ey w ou ld hon or the lo n g s h o r e m e n 's p ic k e t lin e s . January 13 IL A P r e s id e n t G lea son ca lle d upon union le a d e r s at p o rts fr o m B oston to G a lveston to re s u m e n egotiation s on lo c a l is s u e s . January 14 C on tra ct n egotiation s re s u m e d in B a ltim o re . January 15 In G a lv eston , D avid Stowe p ro v id e d m e d ia tiv e a s s is ta n c e in d a ily n egotiation s through January 20, and fr o m January 22— 31. January 21 L o n g sh o re m e n in the P o r t o f New Y o rk a p p rov ed b y m o r e than a 2— m a rg in the 1 -y e a r a g reem en t th ey had p r e v io u s ly r e je c te d , 6 but continued the strik e pending settlem en ts in other p o r ts . 4 5 This marked the fifth time that a longshore strike had occurred or resumed after an 80-day "cooling-off" period. The agreement provided for a 10-cent-an-hour wage increase, retroactive to October 1, and additional increases of 10 cents on Oct. 1, 1965, and 8 cents on Oct. 1, 1966, and 1967. Three additional paid holidays were provided, bringing the total to 12; and a fourth week of vacation for most workers with 12 years o f service. The present 20-man general cargo gang is to be reduced to 18 men on Apr. 1, 1966, and to 17 men on Oct. 1, 1967. Effective Apr. 1, 1966, all employees with 700 hours' employment in the previous year are to be guaranteed 1,600 hours of work or pay annually if they make themselves available for work. Employer payments to the pension fund are to increase to 47 cents per man-hour, from 23 cents, on Oct. 1, 1965. Pension benefits were increased and a monthly benefit was established for widows of men with 25 years' service who die before retirement. 48 J a n u a r y 22 The IL A lifte d its em b a rg o on U .S .-fla g p a s s e n g e r v e s s e ls and on p e ris h a b le c a r g o e s in the P o r t of New Y ork . January 24 L o n g sh o re m e n in B oston voted to a cce p t the te r m s of the m a ste r co n tr a c t; n e g o ti ation s con tin u ed o v e r lo c a l is s u e s . January 27 B a ltim o re lo n g sh o r e m e n r e je c t e d a new co n tra ct. January 28 The New Y o rk Shipping A s s o c ia tio n , in a te le g r a m m ade p u b lic, a pp ealed to the P r e s id e n t to take a ction M term in a te this s e n s e le s s , s u icid a l and u n ju stified strik e and to re o p e n our p o r ts , pending c o n g r e s s io n a l a ctio n tow a rd s c o m p u ls o r y a rb itr a tio n .” A settlem en t w as r e p o r te d at M o b ile , A la . January 29 In New O rle a n s, w h ere A ss ista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s had a s s is te d in n e g o tiation s sin ce January 16, lo n g sh o r e m e n ra tifie d a 4 -y e a r a g re e m e n t. Jan u ary 31 A ss ista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R ey n old s, who had b een in G a lv eston sin ce January 29, announced that b argain in g talks fo r the W est Gulf p o rts had co lla p s e d . F eb ru a ry 1 B a ltim o re lo n g sh o r e m e n v oted to a cce p t had r e je c t e d e a r lie r . a r e v is e d v e r s io n of the a g re e m e n t they P r e s id e n t Johnson, through L a b or S e c r e ta r y W irtz , u rg e d lo n g sh o r e le a d e r s to e a se the im p a ct o f the strik e b y sending m en b ack to w o rk at p o rts w h e re a g re e m e n ts had b een re a ch e d . U nion a ction on the P r e s id e n t 's appeal w as d e fe r r e d pending the o u tcom e of n e g o tiation s in P h ila d elp h ia . A ssista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s a r r iv e d in the la tte r p o rt w h ere he p r o v id e d m ed ia tiv e a s s is ta n ce through F e b ru a ry 8, w hen a g re e m e n t on the lo n g sh o r e co n tr a c t w as re a ch e d . The IL A r e s c in d e d its exem p tion on p e r is h a b le s , stating that the exem p tion app lied on ly to ships in the h a rb or at the tim e it w as o r d e r e d . N egotiation s fo r the South A tlan tic p o rts re s u m e d in M ia m i. David Stowe w as in attendance at th ese talks w h ich continued th rough F e b r u a r y 6. F eb ru a ry 2 The C o m m e r c e and Industry A s s o c ia tio n a pp ealed to the P r e s id e n t to invoke the T a ft-H a r tle y A ct again. Ralph C. G r o s s , E x e cu tiv e V ic e -P r e s id e n t of the A s s o c ia tio n , r e je c t e d the argu m en t that the a c t 's p r o c e d u r e s had b een exhausted, stating that e n tire ly new is s u e s w e r e now at stake. F eb ru a ry 4 In M o b ile , A la . , C ir cu it C ou rt Judge W ill G. C a ffe y ru le d that the lo c a l union was le g a lly ob lig a ted to c a r r y out the co n tra ct it had sign ed w ith the M o b ile S team ship A s s o c ia tio n , and o r d e r e d the lo n g sh o r e m e n to retu rn to th eir jo b s . On F e b ru a ry 8, fo llo w in g the lo n g - 49 s h o re m e n 's fa ilu r e to retu rn to w ork , Judge C a ffey fin ed the lo c a l $ 5 ,0 0 0 , and stated the p enalty w ou ld be in c r e a s e d b y an addition al $ 1, 000 fo r ea ch day the w alkout continued. On F e b ru a ry 11, som e lo n g s h o r e m e n began re p o r tin g fo r w ork . IL A L o c a l 1814 in B ro o k ly n v oted to retu rn to w o rk re a ch e d in the P o r t of P h ila d elp h ia . as soon as a g re e m e n t w as F e b ru a ry 5 The N YSA on ce again u rg ed the P r e s id e n t to a ct so as to get trad e m ovin g in th ose p o rts w h ere a g reem en ts had b een re a ch ed . F e b ru a ry 9 The N YSA ch a rg ed the IL A w ith v io la tio n of the N ational L a b o r R ela tion s A ct by th eir re fu s a l to fu lfill the co n tr a c t ra tifie d in January; s im ila r ch a rg e s w e r e file d in New O rlean s b y the New O rlea n s Steam ship A s s o c ia tio n . A ssista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s a r r iv e d in G a lv eston w h e re n egotiation s re su m e d the fo llow in g day. F e b ru a ry 10 P r e s id e n t Johnson announced the appointm ent o f a th r e e -m a n panel to m eet in W ash ington with com pa n y and union r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s fr o m South A tla n tic and W est Gulf p o r ts , and m ake re com m en d a tion s fo r a fa ir and equitable settlem en t o f the is s u e s in dispute. P an el m e m b e rs w e r e : W. W illa rd W irtz , S e c r e ta r y of L a b o r, C hairm an; John T. C on nor, S e c r e ta r y of C o m m e r ce ; and Senator W ayne M o r s e of O regon . The pan el w as to r e p o r t to the P r e s i dent w hether its reco m m e n d a tio n s had b een a cce p te d b y 12 n oon on F e b ru a ry 12. In announcing the p a n e l's appointm ent, the P r e s id e n t stated: "T h e in ju ry to the e co n o m y r e sulting fr o m this shutdown has re a ch e d sta g g e rin g p r o p o r tio n s . C ontinuation of this strik e is tota lly u n ju stified in the N orth A tlan tic and E ast Gulf p o rts w h ere a gre e m e n t has a lre a d y been re a ch e d ." F e b ru a ry 11 The pan el h eard r e p o r ts fr o m the p a r tie s on the u n re s o lv e d is s u e s in the South A tlan tic and W est Gulf p o r ts . The esta b lish m en t o f a m in im u m gang s iz e w as a k ey issu e in both a re a s. A 5 -d a y re s tr a in in g o r d e r , req u este d b y the N LR B , w as sign ed in New Y o rk b y F e d e ra l D is t r ic t Judge Sidn ey Sugarm an. A h earin g on the exte n sio n o f this o r d e r was sch eduled fo r F e b r u a r y 16. R estra in in g o r d e r s w e r e a ls o iss u e d by F e d e r a l Judges in B a ltim ore and New O rlea n s. F e d e r a l M ed ia tor John R. M u rra y announced that tentative settlem en ts re a ch ed with a ll lo c a ls in v olv ed in the strik e in the P o r t o f P h ila delp h ia . had been F e b ru a ry 12 The pan el p re s e n te d its findings and re c o m m e n d a tio n s fo r settlem en t in the South A tlantic and W est Gulf p o r ts . E m p lo y e r re p r e se n ta tiv e s fr o m both a re a s a cce p te d the p a n e l's re co m m en d a tion s. U nion le a d e r s , on the oth er hand, r e je c t e d the p a n e l's re co m m e n d a tio n s. F ollow in g the r e je c t io n o f the p a n e l's p r o p o s a ls , m ed ia tion s e s s io n s b y L a b or S e c r e ta r y W irtz continued until about 5 p ,m . IL A P r e s id e n t G lea son announced at the co n c lu s io n o f the p a n e l's h earin g s that lo n g sh orem en w ou ld be o r d e r e d to retu rn to w ork at 8 a .m . the fo llo w in g day in th ose p o rts w h ere a g reem en ts had b een rea ch ed . He stated, h ow e v e r, that the IL A w ou ld not w o rk any d iverted ships or c a r g o e s in th ese p o rts . F e b ru a ry 13 W ork re s u m e d in the " c o n tr a c t-s e t tle d " p o rts . 50 F e b ru a ry 16 N egotiation s under the d ir e c tio n of A ss ista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y R eyn old s r e s u m e d in G a lv eston ; the A ss ista n t L a b or S e c r e ta r y p a r tic ip a te d in th ese talks th rou gh M a rch 6. F e d e r a l M ed iator E. S. J a ck son con d u cted a b argain in g s e s s io n in H am pton R o a d s, V a., the f ir s t sin ce an im p a s se had b een re a ch e d on F e b r u a r y 9 o v e r the te r m in o lo g y of two s e ctio n s of the con tra ct. F e b ru a ry 17 N egotiation s under the d ir e c tio n o f D avid Stowe re s u m e d in M ia m i. Stowe p a r t ic i pated in talks through F e b ru a ry 22, as w e ll as fr o m F e b r u a r y 25 to M a rch 3, and on M a rch 5. F e b r u a r y 18 L o n g sh o re m e n in N orfolk and H am pton R o a d s, re tu rn ed to w ork on the fo llo w in g day. V a., a p p ro v e d th eir a g re e m e n t and F e b r u a r y 27 N eg otia tors re a ch e d a greem en t in G a lv eston on a 4 -y e a r co n tr a c t fo r lo n g s h o r e m e n in W est Gulf p o rts w h ich in clu d ed a m in im u m g a n g -s iz e cla u s e . A vote on this a g re e m e n t w as d e fe r r e d pending a settlem en t in the South A tla n tic p o r ts . N egotiation s on an a g r e e m ent fo r c le r k s and ch e c k e r s continued in G alveston . M a rch 5 F e d e r a l M ed iator W illia m A. M c A lis te r announced in M ia m i that an a g re e m e n t fo r the South A tla n tic p o rts had b een re a ch e d , and that a vote w as sch ed u led fo r 8 a .m . the fo llo w in g day. T h is a greem en t a ls o con tained a m in im u m g a n g -s iz e cla u se . A g reem en t w as re a ch e d in G a lv eston on a new co n tra ct fo r c le r k s and ch eck ers. M a rch 6 L o n g sh o re m e n in m o s t South A tla n tic and W est G ulf p o rts voted on th eir a g re e m e n ts and b egan retu rn in g to w ork . M a rch 8 A fte r w ork in g o v e r the w eeken d, lo n g sh o r e m e n in M ia m i and P o r t E v e r g la d e s , F la ., re fu s e d to a cce p t the new co n tra ct and w alk ed o ff th eir jo b s . M a rch 12 L o n g sh o re m e n in P o r t E v e rg la d e s voted to re tu rn to w ork . M a rch 13 W ork a g reem en t. w as re s u m e d in M ia m i, follo w in g r a tific a tio n of the p r e v io u s ly r e je c t e d Appendix C. Scope, Methods, and Definitions1 W ork Stoppage S ta tis tics The B u re a u 's s ta tis tic s in clu d e a ll w o r k stopp a ges o c c u r r in g in the U nited States involvin g as m any as s ix w o r k e r s and lastin g the equivalent o f a fu ll day o r shift o r lo n g e r. D efin ition s S trik e o r L o c k o u t. A strik e is d efin ed as a te m p o r a r y stoppage o f w o rk by a group o f e m p lo y e e s (not n e c e s s a r ily m e m b e r s o f a union) to e x p r e s s a g r ie v a n ce o r e n fo r c e a dem and. A lock ou t is a te m p o ra ry w ithholding o f w o r k fr o m a grou p o f e m p lo y e e s by an e m p lo y e r (o r grou p o f e m p lo y e rs ) in o r d e r to induce the e m p lo y e e s to a c c e p t the e m p lo y e r 's t e r m s . B e ca u se o f the co m p le x itie s in v olv ed i n m o s t la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t d is p u te s , the B ureau m a k es no e ffo r t to d e te rm in e w h eth er the stopp a ges a re initiated by the w o r k e r s o r the e m p lo y e r s . Th e te r m s " s t r ik e " and "w o r k sto p p a g e " a re u sed in te rch a n g e a b ly in this bulletin . W o rk e rs a ,n d Id le n e s s . F ig u r e s on "w o r k e r s in v o lv e d " and "m a n -d a y s id le " inclu de a ll w o r k e r s m ade id le fo r one sh ift o r lon g er in esta b lish m en ts d ir e c t ly in v olv ed in a s to p p a g e .2 T h ey do not m e a s u r e s e co n d a r y id le n e s s — that is , the e ffe c ts o f a stoppage on oth er es ta blish m en ts o r in d u stries w h o s e e m p lo y e e s m a y be m ade id le as a r e s u lt o f m a te ria l o r s e r v ic e s h o rta g e s . The total n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v olv ed in cou n ted m o r e than o n ce if they w e r e in v olv ed in (T h u s, in 1949, 3 6 5 ,0 0 0 to 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 c o a l m in e rs a cco u n ted fo r 1. 15 m illio n o f the year*s total o f strik e s in a given y e a r in clu d es w o r k e r s m o r e than one stoppage during that y e a r. stru ck on th ree d iffe r e n t o c c a s io n s ; they 3 .0 3 m illio n w o r k e r s .) In s o m e p ro lo n g e d sto p p a g e s, it is n e c e s s a r y to e stim a te in p a rt the tota l m a n -d a y s o f id le n e ss if the e xa ct n u m ber o f w o r k e r s id le ea ch day is not known. S ign ifican t changes in the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s id le a r e s e c u r e d fr o m the p a r tie s fo r u se in com pu tin g m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . Id len ess as P e r c e n t o f T o ta l W orking T im e . In com pu tin g the n um ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv ed in s trik e s as a p e r c e n t o f total em p loym en t and id le n e s s as a p e r c e n t o f total w ork in g tim e , the fo llo w in g fig u r e s fo r total em p loym en t have b een u sed: F r o m 1927 to 1950, a ll em p lo y e e s w e r e cou n ted, ex cep t th o se in o ccu p a tio n s and p r o fe s s io n s in w h ich little , if any, union o rg a n iza tio n e x is te d o r in w h ich stopp ages r a r e ly , if e v e r , o c c u r r e d . In m o s t in d u s trie s, a ll w age and s a la r y w o r k e r s w e r e in clu d ed ex cep t th ose in e x e c u tiv e , m a n a g e r ia l, o r high s u p e r v is o r y p o s itio n s , o r th ose p e r fo r m in g p r o fe s s io n a l w o r k the nature o f w h ich m ade union o rg a n iza tio n o r grou p a ctio n u n lik ely . T h e fig u r e exclu d ed a ll s e lf-e m p lo y e d p e r s o n s ; d o m e s tic w o r k e r s ; w o r k e r s on fa r m s em p loy in g fe w e r than six p e r s o n s ; a ll F e d e r a l and State G ov ern m en t e m p lo y e e s ; and o f fi c i a l s , both e le cte d and a ppoin ted, in lo c a l g o v e rn m e n ts. B eginning in 1951, the B u re a u 's e stim a te s e s ta b lis h m e n ts, e x c lu s iv e o f g ov ern m en t, have b a s is o f n o n a g ricu ltu ra l em p loym en t (e x c lu s iv e than o n e-ten th o f a p e rc e n ta g e poin t fr o m that o f tota l em p loy m en t in n o n a g ricu ltu ra l b een u se d . Id len ess com p u ted on the o f govern m en t) u su a lly d iffe r s by le s s obtain ed by the fo r m e r m eth od , w h ile * More detailed information is available in Techniques of Preparing Major BLS Statistical Series (BLS Bulletin 1168, December 1954), p. 106. 2 Aggregate figures on workers and strike idleness are rounded to three significant digits. Figures to the right of the third significant digit appear as zeros; the last digit is always rounded to zero. To illustrate: an unrounded figure of 5,014,000 man-days would appear as 5,010,000; an unrounded total of 26,457 would be presented as 26,500; and a figure of 493 woikers would appear as 490. Totals and percentages, however, are computed from unrounded figures. 51 52 the p e rc e n ta g e o f w o r k e r s id le (co m p a r e d w ith tota l em p loym en t) d iffe r s by about 0. 5 o f a p oin t. F o r e x a m p le, the p e rc e n ta g e o f w o r k e r s id le during 1950 com p u ted on the sam e b a s e as the fig u r e s fo r e a r lie r y e a rs w as 6 .9 , and the p e r c e n t o f id le n e ss w as 0 .4 4 , c o m p a re d w ith 6 .3 and 0 .4 0 , r e s p e c t iv e ly , com p u ted on the new b a s e . nE stim a ted w ork in g tim e " e m p loy ed during the y e a r by In the com p u ta tion s, Saturdays h olid a ys as p ro v id e d in m o s t is com p u ted by m u ltip lyin g the a v e ra g e n u m ber o f w o r k e r s the n u m ber o f days ty p ica lly w o rk e d by m o s t e m p lo y e e s . (when c u s to m a r ily not w o r k e d ), Sundays, and e s ta b lish e d union co n tr a c ts a r e e x clu d e d . D u ra tion . A lthough on ly w ork d a y s a r e u se d in com pu tin g m a n -d a y s o f total id le n e s s , d u ration is e x p r e s s e d in te r m s o f ca len d a r d a y s, including n on w ork d ays. State D ata. Stoppages o c c u r r in g in m o r e than one State a r e lis te d se p a ra te ly in ea ch State a ffe c te d . Th e w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e ss a re a llo c a te d am ong ea ch o f the a ffe c te d States. 3 The p r o c e d u r e s ou tlined on the p re c e d in g page have a ls o b een u se d in p re p a r in g e stim a te s o f id le n e ss by State. M e tro p o lita n A r e a D ata. In form a tion is tabulated se p a ra te ly fo r the a re a s that c u r re n tly c o m p r is e the lis t o f standard m e tro p o lita n a re a s iss u e d b y the B u reau o f the Budget in ad d ition to a few com m u n ities h is t o r ic a lly in clu d ed in the s trik e s e r ie s b e fo r e the standard m e tr o p o lita n a re a lis t w as c o m p ile d . The a r e a s to w h ich the s trik e s ta tis tic s a pply a re th ose es ta b lis h e d by the B ureau o f the B udget. In form a tion is p u b lish ed on ly fo r th ose a re a s in w h ich at le a s t fiv e stopp ages w e r e r e c o r d e d during the y e a r. S om e m e tro p o lita n a re a s inclu d e cou n ties in m o r e than one State, and, h e n ce , s t a t is t ic s f o r an a re a m a y o c c a s io n a lly equal o r e x c e e d the tota l fo r the State in w h ich the m a jo r c ity is lo ca te d . S toppages in the m ining and loggin g in d u strie s a r e exclu d ed fr o m m e tr o p o lita n a re a data. U nions In v olv ed . In form a tion in clu d es the u n ion (s) d ir e c t ly p a rticip a tin g in the d i s p u te, although the count o f w o r k e r s in clu d es a ll who a r e m ade id le fo r one sh ift o r lo n g e r in esta b lish m en ts d ir e c t ly in v olv ed in the d isp u te, inclu din g m e m b e r s o f oth er unions and nonunion w o r k e r s . S o u rc e s o f In form a tion O c c u r r e n c e o f S tr ik e s . In form a tion as to a ctu a l o r p ro b a b le e x is te n ce o f w o rk stopp a ges is c o lle c t e d fr o m a n u m ber o f s o u r c e s . C lip p in g s on la b o r d isp u tes a r e obtain ed fr o m a co m p r e h e n s iv e c o v e r a g e o f d a ily and w e e k ly n e w sp a p e rs throughout the cou n try. In fo rm a tio n is r e c e iv e d r e g u la r ly fr o m the F e d e r a l M ed iation and C o n cilia tio n S e r v ic e . O ther s o u r c e s o f in fo rm a tio n in clu d e State b o a rd s o f m e d ia tio n and a rb itra tio n ; r e s e a r c h d iv is io n s o f State la b o r d ep a rtm en ts; lo c a l o ffic e s o f State em p loy m en t s e c u r ity a g e n c ie s , ch an n eled through the B u reau o f E m p loym en t S e cu rity o f the U .S . D ep artm en t o f L a b o r ; and trad e and union jo u r n a ls . S om e e m p lo y e r a s s o c ia t io n s , co m p a n ie s , and u n ions a ls o fu rn ish the B u reau w ith w o r k stopp age in form a tion on a volu n ta ry c o o p e r a tiv e b a s is eith er as stopp a ges o c c u r o r p e r io d ic a lly . R esp on d en ts to Q u estion n a ire. A q u e stion n a ire is m a ile d to the p a r tie s re p o r te d as in v o lv ed in w o r k stop p a ges to obtain in form a tio n on the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d , d u ration , m a jo r is s u e s , lo c a tio n , m eth od o f settlem en t, and oth er p ertin en t in fo rm a tio n . L im ita tion s o f D ata. A lthough the B ureau se e k s to obtain c o m p le te c o v e r a g e , i. e. , a “ c e n s u s " o f a ll s trik e s involvin g s ix w o r k e r s o r m o r e and lastin g a fu ll shift o r m o r e , in fo rm a tion is undoubtedly m is s in g on s om e o f the s m a lle r s tr ik e s . P r e s u m a b ly , a llo w a n ce fo r th ese m is s in g s trik e s w ou ld not su bstan tia lly a ffe c t the fig u r e s fo r n u m ber o f w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . 3 The same procedure is followed in allocating data on stoppages occurring in more than one industry, industry group, or metropolitan area. 53 In its e ffo r ts sought to d ev elop new O ver the y e a r s , th ese have had little e ffe c t to im p r o v e the c o m p le te n e s s o f the count o f sto p p a g e s, the B ureau has s o u r c e s o f in form a tion as to the p ro b a b le e x is te n ce o f su ch sto p p a g e s. s o u r c e s have p ro b a b ly in c r e a s e d the n u m ber o f s trik e s r e c o r d e d , but on the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s o r tota l id le n e s s . B eginning in m i d - 1950, a new s o u r c e o f strik e " le a d s " w as added th rou gh a c o o p e ra tiv e a rra n g em en t w ith the B u reau o f E m p loym en t S e cu rity o f the U. S. D ep artm en t o f L a b o r by w h ich lo c a l o ffic e s o f State em p loy m en t s e c u r ity a g e n cie s supply m on th ly r e p o r ts on w o rk stopp a ges co m in g to th eir attention. It is estim a ted that this in c r e a s e d the num ber o f s trik e s r e p o r te d in 1950 by about 5 p e r c e n t, and in 1951 and 1952, by a p p ro x im a te ly 10 p e r c e n t. S in ce m o s t o f th ese stop p a ges w e r e s m a ll, they in c r e a s e d the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v olv ed and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s by le s s than 2 p e r c e n t in 1950 and by le s s than 3 p e rc e n t in 1951 and 1952. T e s ts o f the e ffe c t o f this added s o u r c e o f in fo rm a tio n have not been m ade sin c e 1952. A s new lo c a l a g e n cie s having k n ow ledge o f the e x is te n ce o f w o r k stopp ages a r e e sta b lish ed o r ch an ges a r e m ade in th eir c o lle c t io n m e th o d s, e v e r y e ffo r t is m ade to e s ta blish c o o p e r a tiv e a rra n g e m e n ts w ith them . * U .S. G O V E R N M E N T PR IN T IN G O F F IC E : 1965 0 - 7 9 0 - 6 3 2 Recent Work Stoppage Studies A n a ly s is of W ork S toppages, 1963 (BLS B ulletin 1420, 1964), p r i c e 35 cents. A n a ly s is of W ork Stoppages, 1962 (BLS B ulletin 1381, 1963), p r i c e 40 cents. A n a ly s is of W ork S toppages, 1961 (BLS Bulletin 1339, 1962), p r i c e 35 cents. A n a ly s is of W ork S toppages, I960 (BLS B ulletin 1302, 1961), p r i c e 30 cents. A n a ly s is of W ork Stoppages, 1959 (BLS Bulletin 1278, I960), p r i c e 40 cents. The D im e n s io n s of M a jo r W ork Stoppages, 1947— 59 (BLS B ulletin 1298, 1961), p r i c e 30 cents. National E m e r g e n c y D ispu tes Under the L a b or -M a n a g em en t R ela tion s (T a ft-H a r tle y ) A ct, 1947— (BLS R e p o r t 169, r e v i s e d August 1963), f r e e . 62 W ork Stop pa ges: A i r c r a f t and P a r t s Industry, 1927— 59 (BLS R e p o r t 175, 1961), f r e e . W ork Stop pages: B a s i c Steel Industry, W ork Stop pa ges: W ater T r a n s p o r ta tio n Industry, 1901— (BLS R e p o r t 206, 60 1961), f r e e . 1927— (BLS R e p o r t 176, 1961), f r e e . 59 W ork Stop pages: M otor V e h ic le s and M otor V e h ic le Equipm ent Industry, (BLS R e p o r t 148, 1959), f r e e . W ork Stoppages b y States, 1927— (BLS R e p o r t 256, 62 W ork Stop pa ges: C on tra ct C o n str u ctio n Industry, W ork Stop pages: M eat P r o d u c ts Industry, 1927— 58 1963), f r e e . 1927— (BLS R e p o r t 207, 60 1927— (BLS R e p o r t 214, 1962), f r e e . 60 W ork S top pa ges: E l e c t r i c a l M a ch in e ry , Equipment, and Supplies Industry, (BLS R e p o r t 213, 1962), f r e e . W ork S top pa ges: M e tro p o lita n A r e a s , W ork Stop pages: G ov ern m en t E m p lo y e e s , 1962), fr e e . 1927— 60 1952— (BLS R e p o r t 236, r e v i s e d M ay 1963), f r e e . 62 1942— (BLS R e p o r t 247, 61 1963), f r e e . (For a listing of other industrial relations studies, write for A D i r e c t o r y of BLS Studies in Industrial R e la tio n s , 1954— 64)