The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Analysis of
WORK STOPPAGES
1961
#
Trends
#
Size a n d d u r a t io n
#
Issues
§
In d u s trie s a n d localities affected
#
D e t a i l s of m a j o r s t o p p a g e s
Bulletin No. 1339
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
Ewan Clague, Commissioner
Analysis of
WORK STOPPAGES
1961
Bulletin No. 1339
October 1962
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. Willard Wirtz, Secretary
B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S
Ew an C la g u e , C om m issioner
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. • 35 cents
Preface
T h is b u lle tin p r e s e n t s a d e ta ile d s t a t is t ic a l a n a l
y s i s o f w o r k s to p p a g e s in 19&1, co n tin u in g an an nu al f e a
tu r e o f th e B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s p r o g r a m in th e f i e ld
o f in d u s t r ia l r e la t io n s . P r e li m in a r y m o n th ly e s t im a t e s o f
th e le v e l o f s t r ik e ( o r lo c k o u t) a c t iv it y f o r th e U n ited S ta te s
a s a w h o le a r e is s u e d a b o u t 30 d a y s a ft e r th e end o f th e
m on th o f r e f e r e n c e and a r e a v a ila b le u p on r e q u e s t . P r e
lim in a r y e s t im a t e s f o r th e e n t ir e y e a r a r e a v a ila b le at th e
y e a r * s en d; s e le c t e d fin a l ta b u la tio n s a r e is s u e d in A p r i l
o f th e fo llo w in g y e a r .
A p p e n d ix C c o n ta in s a c h r o n o lo g y o f th e m a r it im e
sto p p a g e on th e A tla n tic , P a c i f i c , and G u lf C o a s ts in w h ic h
th e e m e r g e n c y p r o v is i o n s o f th e T a ft - H a r t le y A c t w e r e
in v o k e d b y th e P r e s id e n t .
T h e m e t h o d s u s e d in p r e p a r in g w o r k s to p p a g e s t a
t i s t i c s a r e d e s c r ib e d in a p p e n d ix D .
T h e B u r e a u w is h e s to a c k n o w le d g e th e c o o p e r a t io n
o f e m p lo y e r s and e m p lo y e r a s s o c i a t io n s , la b o r u n io n s , th e
F e d e r a l M e d ia tio n and C o n c ilia t io n S e r v ic e , and v a r io u s
S tate a g e n c ie s in fu r n is h in g in fo r m a t io n o n w o r k s to p p a g e s .
T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in th e B u r e a u 1s D iv is io n
o f W a g e s and I n d u s tr ia l R e la tio n s b y L o r e t t o R . N o la n
tind er th e d ir e c t io n o f J o s e p h W . B lo c h .
iii
C onten ts
P age
1
Sum m ary ---------------------------------------------------T ren d s in w ork stoppages _______________
T yp es o f disputes resu ltin g in stoppages
Size o f stoppages __________________________
D uration ___________________________________
1
1
2
In d u stries a ffe cte d _____________________________
Stoppages by loca tion __________________________
M etrop olita n a rea s ________________________
M onthly t r e n d s __________________________________
P r o c e d u r e fo r handling u nsettled is s u e s
_______
C h art: T ren d s in w ork stoppages
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
6
6
2
T a b le s :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
W ork stoppages in the United States, 1927—
61 ____________________________________
W ork stoppages in volvin g 10, 000 o r m o r e w o r k e r s , se le c te d p e rio d s -------------W ork stoppages by m onth, 1960— _________________________________________________
61
W ork stoppages by co n tra ct status and m a jo r is s u e s , 196 1---------------------------------M a jor is s u e s in v olv ed in w o rk stop p a ges, 1961 __________________________________
W ork stoppages by industry group, 1961 ___________________________________________
W ork stoppages by re g io n , 1961 and I960 ______________________________________
W ork stoppages by State, 1961 _____________________________________________________
W ork stoppages by m e tro p o lita n a re a , 1961 _______________________________________
W ork stoppages by a ffilia tio n o f unions in volved , 196 1 ____________________________
W ork stoppages by co n tr a c t status and s iz e o f stoppage, 1961 __________________
W ork stoppages by num ber o f esta b lish m en ts in volved , 1961 ___________________
W ork stoppages in volvin g 10,000 o r m o r e w o r k e r s beginning in 1 9 6 1 ___________
W ork stoppages by duration and co n tra ct status ending in 1961 _________________
M ediation and type o f govern m en t m ed ia tion in w o rk stoppages by
co n tra ct status ending in 1961 ___________________________________________________
Settlem ent o f stoppages by c o n tra ct status ending in 1961________________________
P r o c e d u r e fo r handling u n settled is s u e s in w ork stoppages by
co n tra ct status ending in 1961 _____________________________________________________
7
8
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
23
24
25
26
A pp en d ixes:
A.
B.
C.
D.
T a b les— W ork stop p ages:
A - 1. W ork stoppages by in du stry, 1961 __________________________________________
A -2 . W ork stoppages by in du stry group and m a jo r is s u e s , 1961 -----------------------A - 3. W ork stoppages in States having 25 o r m o r e stoppages
27
29
A -4 . W ork stoppages by in du stry group and co n tra ct status, 1961 ______________
Data on strik e is s u e s _______________________________________________________________
The M a ritim e Industry S trik e, A tlan tic, P a c ific , and Gulf C o a sts, 1961 -------S cop e, m ethods, and d efin ition s ___________________________________________________
39
41
43
47
Analysis o f W ork Stoppages, 1961
Sum m ary
S tr ik e 1 id len ess in 1961, at 1 6 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0
m a n -d a y s, drop p ed to the lo w e st annual le v e l
sin ce 1944, slig h tly le s s than the p re v io u s
p ostw a r low reach ed in 1957. This id le n e ss
a ccou n ted fo r 0. 14 p e r c e n t o f the estim a ted
w orking tim e o f a ll e m p lo y e e s in n o n a g ricu ltu ral esta b lish m en ts, exclu din g govern m en t,
as co m p a re d with 0. 17 p e r c e n t in I960.
The n um ber o f w ork stoppages in 1961
(3, 367) was secon d lo w e st in p ostw a r y e a r s ,
on ly slig h tly above the low rea ch ed in I960.
The num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved (1 ,4 5 0 , 000),
although 10 p e rce n t above the I960 le v e l,
was a ls o low by p ostw a r standards.
The av era g e duration o f stoppages— 23. 7
calen d ar days— was slig h tly above I960, both
being high by p ostw a r stan dards.
T h ere w ere fe w e r s trik e s involvin g
o r m o r e w o rk e rs than in any p ostw a r
The 14 stoppages each in v olv ed 1 0,000
e rs o r m o r e , including the W est C oast
tim e dispute w hich was ended by a
H artley in ju n ction.
1, 000
year.
w ork
m a r i
T a ft-
T h re e -fifth s o f the strik e s beginning in
the y e a r w ere cau sed by disputes a ris in g out
o f the ren egotiation o f an a g reem en t, eith er
upon ex p iration o r reop en in g, o r in the n e
gotiation of a fir s t ag reem en t. A th ird o f the
stoppages took p la ce w hile an a g reem en t was
in e ffe c t and did not in volve co n tra ct ch anges.
F o u r-fifth s o f the id len ess was attributed to
stoppages that o c c u r r e d during the r e n e g o
tiation o f co n tra cts.
T rends in W ork Stoppages
L a b o r - m a n a g e m e n t disputes in 1961
brought about a total o f 3, 367 strik e s o r
lock ou ts in volvin g at le a s t s ix w o rk e rs and
lastin g at le a st a fu ll day o r shift (table 1).
This v olu m e o f w ork s t o p p a g e s w a s only
1 p e rce n t above the I960 le v e l, when the
1
The term s "w o rk sto p p a g e s"
" s t r ik e s " are used in terch a n gea b ly in this
bu lletin . S trik es, in this s p e c ia l u se, would
thus include lock ou ts.
lo w e st annual total s in ce 1942 was rea ch ed ,
and was about 18 p e r c e n t b e lo w the 1946-60
annual a v e ra g e .
Stoppages b e g i n n i n g in 1961 in volved
1 ,4 5 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , o r 3 .2 p e r c e n t o f total
em p loym en t in n on a g ricu ltu ra l e sta b lish m e n ts,
e x clu siv e o f govern m en t.
S ince 1942, only
1957 and I960 had lo w e r le v e ls o f total w o r k
e r s involved, and on ly 6 y e a rs sin ce 1932 had
lo w e r le v e ls in rela tion to the total num ber
o f w o rk e rs em p loyed in in du stry. (See ch a rt).
A ll stoppages in e ffe c t during 1961 resu lted
in 1 6 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0 m a n -d a y s o f id le n e ss , o r 0 .1 4
p e r c e n t o f the e stim a ted w orking tim e o f a ll
w o rk e rs in n o n a g ricu ltu ra l esta b lish m en ts,
exclu din g g o v e r n m e n t.2
Strike id le n e ss in
1961, w hich was s l i g h t l y b e l o w the 1957
le v e l, thus rea ch ed the lo w e st annual le v e l
sin ce W orld W ar II.
The p e r c e n t o f w o r k
ing tim e lo s t through strik e s in 1961 was le s s
than h alf o f the annual a v era g e fo r the 14
y e a rs a fte r 1946.
T ypes o f D isputes R esultin g in Stoppages 3
Although a b o u t f o u r - f i f t h s o f 1961*s
strik e id le n e ss re su lte d fr o m disputes a r i s
ing out o f the ren eg otia tion o f agreem en t
te r m s , eith er at the ex p ira tion o f the a g r e e
m ent o r through the e x e r c is e o f reopen in g
p r iv ile g e s , this type o f stoppage accou nted
fo r le s s than h alf o f the year*s strik e s (table
4).
A lm o s t a th ird o f the stoppages a r o s e
fr o m disputes during the te rm o f existin g
a g re e m e n ts, w here the n egotiation o f new
a g reem en t te rm s was not in volved . D isputes
a risin g in the n egotiation o f the fir s t a g r e e
m ent o r o v e r union re co g n itio n w e re r e s p o n
sib le fo r 15 p e rce n t o f the stoppages but on ly
6 p e r c e n t o f lo s t tim e.
2 Strike id len ess in the United States,
including govern m en t, is estim a ted at 0 . 1 2
p e r c e n t o f w orking tim e lo s t.
3 Beginning in m i d - 1960, the B ureau
o f L a b or S ta tistics c la s s ifie d strik e s a c c o r d
ing to the status o f the u nion -m an agem en t
a g reem en t at the start o f the stoppage. Som e
andth ese data w ere p re se n te d in the I960 an
of
nual r e p o rt, even though som ew hat in co m p le te .
F o r 1961, the B ureau obtained v irtu a lly c o m
p lete c o v e r a g e .
2
Chart:
Trends in W ork Stoppages, 1961
P a r tia l data a v a ila b le fo r the p re v iou s
y e a r do not p e r m it a p r e c is e c o m p a riso n , but
they do r e fle c t little change in the a llo ca tio n
o f lo s t tim e am ong the d iffe re n t types o f d is
p u tes, as shown b elow .
Percent of total
man-days
of idleness
1960
All stoppages --------------------------------Negotiation of first agreement or
union recognition -----------------------Renegotiation of agreement
(expiration or reopening) ------------During term of agreement
(negotiation of new agreement
not involved)------------------------ ------Other ----------------------------- ----------—
Insufficient information to
classify ---------------------------------------
1961
100.0
100.0
3.7
6.0
85.0
81.3
8.5
.2
11.6
.3
2.6
.8
S ize o f Stoppages
Of the 3 ,3 6 7 stoppages in 1961, 195, o r
fe w e r than in any p ostw a r y e a r , d ir e c t ly a f
fe cte d at le a st 1,000 w o r k e r s (table 11). T h ese
la r g e r strik e s a ccou n ted fo r about 70 p e rce n t
o f a ll w o rk e rs in 1961 stoppages and slig h tly
m o r e than 60 p e r c e n t o f total strik e id le n e s s .
Two out o f th ree o f the la r g e r stoppages o c
cu r r e d in the ren eg otia tion o f a g reem en t
te r m s ; with the ex ce p tio n o f fiv e stop p ages,
the re m a in d e r a r o s e during the te r m o f the
a g reem en t. T h re e out o f fiv e stoppages in
v o lv e d fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s , but a ccou n ted
fo r on ly 5 p e rce n t o f the w o rk e rs and about
7 p e r c e n t o f the id le n e ss attributable to a ll
1961 stop p a g es.
F ou rteen stoppages beginning in 1961 in
v o lv ed 10, 000 w o rk e rs o r m o r e , as co m p a red
with 17 in I960, and 20 in 1959 (table 13).
T hese 14 stop p a ges, d ir e c t ly a ffectin g about
6 0 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , con tribu ted a lm o st a th ird
o f total strik e id le n e s s .
A m ong the la r g e s t
stoppages w e re th ose involvin g the G en eral
M o to rs C orp. (2 3 9 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s ), the F o r d
M o to r Co. (116, 000 w o r k e r s ), m a jo r a irlin e s
in 44 States (73, 000 w o r k e r s ), the m a r itim e
in du stry on the E ast, W est, and G ulf C oasts
(about 25,000 w o rk e rs),4 and C a te rp illa r T r a c
to r Co. plants in Illin o is , Iowa, and P e n n s y l
vania (18, 000 w o r k e r s ).
A s in the p ast 11 y e a r s , a p p rox im a tely
th re e -fo u rth s o f the stoppages w e re con fin ed
to one esta b lish m en t (table 12).
E leven o r
m o r e establish m en ts w e re in volved in 177
4 See footnote 6, table 13.
3
stop p ag es, accou ntin g fo r h alf o f the w o r k
e r s in volved in a ll stop p a g es. C orresp on d in g
fig u res fo r I960 w ere 191 stoppages a ffe c t
ing 36 p e rce n t o f the w o r k e r s .
Roughly,
1 out o f 10 m ulti estab lish m en t stoppages (2 o r
m o r e establish m en ts) c r o s s e d State lin e s.
D uration
The a v era g e duration o f strik es (23.7 c a l
endar days) rem ain ed high by p ostw a r stand
a rd s .
A lm o s t 1 out o f 4 la sted a m onth o r
m o r e and 191 stoppages rem a in ed in e ffe c t
fo r 90 days o r m o r e (table 14). The p e r s is t
en ce o f long stoppages is r e fle c te d in the
fig u re s b elow .
Year
1946 ---------------- ---1947 ---------------1948 ...................
1949...................
1950 ...................
1951...................
1952 ...................
1953 ---------------- ---1954...................
1955 ...................
1956 ---------------1957 ---------------1958 ---------------1959 ---------------I9 6 0 ---------------1961----------------
Number of
stoppages
lasting
1 month
or more
1,209
964
777
773
879
735
976
1,045
768
698
898
725
Percent
of all
stoppages
24.2
25.6
22.9
21.5
18.3
15.4
19.2
20.5
21.6
17.8
18.3
19.7
20.2
24.0
21.7
22.7
A s m ight be ex p ected , stoppages a risin g
during the te rm o f an a g reem en t w e re m o r e
qu ick ly settled than oth er types o f disp u tes.
A p p rox im a tely 70 p e rce n t w ere term in a ted
within a w eek, and on ly about 6 p e r c e n t la sted
fo r 30 days o r lo n g e r.
In co n tra st, about
40 p e rce n t o f the stoppages a risin g in the n e
gotiation o f the fir s t a g reem en t o r in c o n n e c
tion with union reco g n itio n la sted at le a st
1 m onth.
A fou rth o f the stoppages in volvin g 1 ,0 0 0
w ork ers o r m o r e la ste d fo r a m onth o r lo n g e r.
Two stoppages in the co n stru ctio n in du stry
had the lon g est du ration o f the 14 m a jo r
strik es—one in the P hiladelph ia a re a (61 days)
and one in the M inneapolis—
St. P aul a re a
(58 d a y s). The F o rd M otor strik e la ste d fo r
19 d a y s ,5 the G en era l M otors strik e fo r 20
d ays, the a irlin es stoppage fo r 7 d a y s, and
the m a ritim e stoppage on the E ast, W est, and
Gulf C oasts was ended by a T a ft-H a rtle y in
ju n c tio n 6 a fte r 18 d ays.
Of the 20 in du stry grou ps in w hich 50 o r
m o r e stoppages w ere r e c o r d e d in 1961 (table
6), the fo llo w in g 5 had at le a st 30 p e rce n t o f
its stoppages la st fo r a m onth o r m o r e : F a b
rica te d m e ta l p ro d u cts; m a ch in e ry (e x ce p t
e le c t r ic a l); lu m b er and w ood p ro d u cts; fu r n i
ture and fix tu r e s ; and p rin ting, pu blish ing,
and a llie d in d u strie s.
M a jo r Issu es
A bout fo u r -fifth s o f the stoppages a risin g
out o f co n tra ct ren egotia tion s ce n te re d m a in ly
on dem ands fo r g e n e ra l wage in c r e a s e s and
su p p lem en tary ben efits (table 4).
M atters
dealing with union o rg a n iza tion and union s e
cu rity w ere p redom in an t am ong the m a jo r i s
sues in strik e s a risin g out o f the n egotiation
o f the fir s t a g reem en t o r union re co g n itio n ,
while stoppages during the te rm o f a g reem en t
w ere co n ce rn e d m a in ly with jo b se c u r ity ,
plant a d m in istra tion , and interunion o r in tr a union m a tte rs.
A lto g e th e r, dem ands fo r g e n e ra l wage in
c r e a s e s , with o r without dem ands fo r new o r
b etter su pp lem en tary b e n e fits, w e re the m a jo r
iss u e s in 2 out o f 5 strik e s and a ccou nted fo r
a co rre sp o n d in g p r o p o r tio n o f strik e id len ess
(table 5). 7 Union org a n iza tion and s e c u r ity
is s u e s , ch ie fly in volvin g re co g n itio n , was the
next m o s t frequ en t m a jo r iss u e (15 p e rce n t
o f a ll stop p a g es).
Plant a d m in istra tion is s u e s , including
disputes o v e r d iscip lin e and d isch a rg e and
o n -th e -jo b w orking con ditions o r stan dards,
w e re p redom in an t in n e a rly 1 out o f 7 s to p
p a g e s, including the G en era l M o to rs and F o r d
strik e s (c la s s ifie d as "o t h e r 1 )* In both c a s e s ,
1
the e c o n o m ic te rm s o f the com pan y wide c o n
tra cts with the UAW had b een a g re e d upon
e a r lie r and the subsequent strik e s in v olv ed
iss u e s at the lo c a l plant le v e l.
A m ong the
disputed is s u e s at G en era l M o to rs plants w e re
6 This was the on ly P r e sid e n tia l use
o f the N ational E m e rg e n cy p r o v is io n s o f the
A ct during 1961.
7 The r e v is e d fo r m o f the table on
m a jo r is s u e s in w ork stoppages re p re se n ts
the fir s t m a jo r change in p resen ta tion sin ce
1927.
A change fr o m 3 to 5 m a jo r grou ps
was m ade in 1942, but the individual item s
rem ain ed about the sa m e. In 1949, p en sion s
and s o c ia l in su ra n ce ben efits eith er alone o r
in com bin ation with w ages w e re added.
A
5
M ost w o rk e rs retu rn ed a fte r 13 days; betw een the r e v is e d m ethod and the p r e
link
a few thousand w ere id le 19 d ays.
vious m ethod is p re se n te d in appendix B.
4
p r o d u c t i o n stan dards, n o n d iscrim in a tion ,
ru les on c o m p u ls o r y o v e r tim e , se n io rity ,
sch edulin g o f r e lie f tim e, wage in eq u ities,
ru les relatin g to stew a rd s, and su pplies o f
sa fety equipm ent.
A t F o r d plants, the i s
sues in cluded p rod u ction stan dards, jo b c la s
s ifica tio n fo r s k ille d tra d es w o r k e r s , outside
con tra ctin g , rotation o f o v e r tim e , jo b posting
o f p ro m o tio n s , and additional com p a n y -p a id
union r e p re s e n ta tiv e s .
Job s e c u r ity is s u e s w e re param ount in
a lm ost 250 strik e s resu ltin g in 1 .8 m illio n
m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s .
S en iority and la y o ff
disputes w e re m o s t frequ en t. The in tro d u c
tion o f new m a ch in e ry or oth er te ch n o lo g ica l
changes was s p e c ific a lly iden tified as the
ch ie f is s u e in only 11 stop p a ges.
A bout h alf o f the stoppages lastin g fo r a
m onth o r lo n g e r in volved g en era l w age change
is s u e s , and about a fou rth in v olv ed union o r
gan ization and s e c u r ity is s u e s .
A m ong the la r g e r stoppages (1 ,0 0 0 w o rk
e r s o r m o r e ), m a jo r is s u e s appeared with
the follow in g freq u en cy :
Percent
All large strikes -------------------------------
100.0
General wage changes---- -------------- —
Supplementary benefits; no general
wage change---------------------------------Wage adjustments -------------------------- Union organization and security------—
Job security-------------------------------------Plant administration -----------------------Other working conditions------------------Interunion or intraunion matters
(generally involves 2 unions) --------Not reported ------------------------------------
45.7
4.1
4.1
6.7
12.8
17.9
1.5
7. 2
Industries A ffe cte d
The num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved in s to p
pages in m anufacturing in d u stries in c r e a s e d
by 27 p e rce n t o v e r I960, but was 30 p e rce n t
lo w e r than 1959 le v e ls , and 40 p e rce n t b e
low 1958. M an -d ays o f id le n e ss in m a n u fa c
turing in d u stries d rop p ed 12 p e rce n t b elow
I960 and was at the low est le v e l sin ce 1957.
The num ber o f nonm anufacturing in du stry
stoppages was slig h tly h igh er than in m an u
fa ctu rin g , but w o rk e rs and id le n e ss w e re
lo w e r . A ll th ree m e a s u re s o f strik e a ctiv ity
in nonm anufacturing d rop p ed fr o m I960 le v e ls .
S trike id le n e ss was red u ced fr o m I960
le v e ls in 15 o f the in d u stry grou ps id en tified
in table 6. 8 Som e o f the changes w e re su b
stantial, including a 65-p e r c e n t red u ction in
the p r im a r y m eta ls group and 43 p e rce n t in
e le c t r ic a l m a ch in e ry .
A lthough strik e id le n e ss in co n tra ct c o n
stru ction , the high est am ong in du stry groups
in 1961, am ounted to about 3*4 m illio n m a n d ays, it was at the lo w e st le v e l r e c o r d e d fo r
this in du stry sin ce 1956 and was o v e r a fifth
b e lo w I960 i d l e n e s s .
The tra n sp orta tion
equipm ent in du stry group, with 2 .5 m illio n
m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s , was a lm o st a th ird
lo w e r than in I960, although a ffe cte d by two
m a jo r au tom obile s tr ik e s .
T h ese two big
strik e s w e re a lso r e sp o n sib le fo r the high
num ber o f w o rk e rs in volved (297, 000) in
tra n sp orta tion equipm ent s tr ik e s , an in c r e a s e
o f m o r e than 50 p e rce n t o v e r I960.
The p e rce n t o f estim a ted total w orking
tim e lo s t through strik e id le n e ss was highest
in tra n sp orta tion equipm ent in d u stries (0. 65
p e rc e n t), p e tro le u m refin in g ( 0. 61 p e rce n t),
co n tra ct co n stru ctio n (0. 50 p e r c e n t), and fa b
rica te d m eta l p rod u cts (0 .4 1 p e r c e n t).
Stoppages by L o ca tio n
R e g io n s . A ll m e a su re s o f strik e a ctivity
show ed an in c r e a s e o v e r I960 in th ree r e
gions— the E ast N orth C entral, W est South
C entral, and P a c ific .
The m a jo r s trik e s in
the au tom obile in du stry a ffe cte d a ll States in
the E ast North C entral re g ion . The su b stan
tia l in c r e a s e in id le n e ss in the W est South
C entral re g io n was due la r g e ly to a c o n s tr u c
tion strik e in the H ouston, T ex. a re a , w hich
la sted 24 days. A la rg e strik e in the m eta l
trad es in du stry in C a liforn ia r a ise d the id l e
n ess le v e l in the P a c ific reg ion . The num ber
o f w o rk e rs in c r e a s e d slig h tly in the Mountain
reg ion , but id le n e ss was lo w e r in this reg ion
as w e ll as in the New England, M iddle A tla n
tic , and W est C entral r e g io n s. In the South
A tlan tic and E ast South C entral re g io n s, all
m e a su re s o f strik e a ctiv ity w e re lo w e r than
in I960.
S ta tes. Strike id le n e ss e x ce e d e d a m i l
lion m a n -d a y s in ea ch o f fiv e States (table 8).
New Y ork was h igh est with 1 ,8 6 0 ,0 0 0 m a n d ays; next in o r d e r w e re M ich igan , 1,820,000;
P enn sylvania, 1 ,7 3 0 ,0 0 0 ; Ohio, 1 ,4 2 0 ,0 0 0 ;
and C a lifo rn ia , 1 ,1 1 0 ,0 0 0 .
New Y o rk was
a ffe cte d b y eight o f the m a jo r s tr ik e s , which
accou nted fo r a lm o st a th ird o f the State1s
8
W ork stoppages b y in du stry grou
rela ted to co n tra ct status at the tim e the
strik e began, a re shown in appendix table A -4.
5
id le n e s s . In both New Y ork and P enn sylvania,
h ow ev er, id len ess was at the lo w e st le v e l
sin ce 1957.
In M ichigan, tw o -th ird s o f the
m an -d ay s o f id len ess o c c u r r e d in the m a jo r
s trik e s , p a rticu la rly the F o r d and G en era l
M otors stop p ages.
M ich iga n ’ s id le n e ss was
su bstan tially higher than in I960 but m uch
b elow that o f 1958 and 1959.
In the sam e fiv e States in w hich the h igh
est am ount o f id len e ss was r e c o r d e d , the
n um ber o f w ork ers in volved in stoppages was
a ls o r e la tiv e ly high. F o u r o f the States had
m o r e than 100, 000 w o rk e rs in strik es and the
fifth, C a liforn ia , had 99, 000.
N otew orthy
am ong the strik e r e c o r d s o f these States was
the fa ct that the num ber o f w o rk e rs id led by
strik e s in P enn sylvania in 1961 re a ch e d the
lo w e st le v e l sin ce 1940.
The num ber o f w o r k e r s in v olv ed in the id l e
n ess in the Houston m e tro p o lita n a re a w e re
the h igh est on r e c o r d ,9 la r g e ly as a re su lt
o f the 2 4 -d a y co n stru ctio n stoppage o f 1 5 ,0 0 0
w ork ers.
M onthly T rends
M o re than 300 stoppages sta rted each
m onth, fr o m M ay through O cto b e r, ca rry in g
som ew hat la te r into autumn the ty p ica l high
strik e p e r io d (table 3).
P eak id le n e ss was
rea ch ed in S ep tem b er and O cto b e r, co in cid in g
with the G en era l M o to rs and F o r d s tr ik e s .
The follow in g tabulation shows the n um
b e r o f new stoppages a ffectin g m o r e than
1, 000 w o r k e r s , b y m onth, fo r 1961, I960,
and 1959.
1961
Six o f the 14 m a jo r strik e s o f 1961 w ere
con fin ed to 1 State; the oth er 8 c r o s s e d State
lin e s. The stoppage on s e v e r a l a irlin e s e a r ly
in the y e a r a ffected w o rk e rs in 44 States; the
F o rd strik e sp read into 24 S tates; and the
G en eral M otors and the m a ritim e s trik e s a f
fe cte d w o rk e rs in 17 States each .
The p e rce n t o f estim a ted total w orking
tim e in n on ag ricu ltu ra l e m p l o y m e n t lo s t
through strik e id len e ss was h igh est in A la sk a
(0 .4 9 p e rce n t), follow ed by M ich igan (0 .3 8
p e rce n t).
Other States with r e la tiv e ly high
strik e id len ess ratios w e re Utah (0. 24 p e r
cen t), D elaw are (0 .2 3 p e r c e n t), O reg on and
M in n esota (0. 22 p e rc e n t), and C o lo r a d o , P en n
sylvan ia, O hio, and W est V ir g in ia (0 .2 1
p e rce n t).
L eading the States in num ber o f s to p
p ages w ere New Y ork (421), P enn sylvania
(393), Ohio (283), C a l i f o r n i a (269), New
J e r s e y (234), and Illin ois (219). F iv e States
had fe w e r than 10 stoppages each — M aine,
Nevada, New H am psh ire, N orth Dakota, and
South C arolin a.
M etrop olitan A r e a s .
In two m e t r o p o li
tan areas— New Y ork City and P hiladelph ia—
m o r e than a m illio n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e ss o c
cu rre d as a resu lt o f s trik e s in 1961. D e tro it
id len ess reach ed n e a rly a m illio n m a n -d a y s
(940, 000) and the w o rk e rs in volved (1 2 6 ,0 0 0 ),
h igh er than any oth er a re a , w e re n e a rly
double the num ber id le in P h iladelph ia (65,600),
and 7, 000 above the num ber in New Y o rk City
(1 1 9 ,0 0 0 ). In a ll m ea su re s o f strik e a ctiv ity ,
the fig u re s fo r D etroit w e re su b stan tially b e
low th ose o f 1958, another y e a r in w hich the
a re a was a ffected by m a jo r a u tom obile s tr ik e s .
January-------------- ------February ------------ ------M arch---------------- -------April — -------------M ay------------------- ------June -----------------July------------------August---------------Septem ber--------- -------October ------------- ------N ovem b er--------- -------D e ce m b e r--------- -------
1960
1959
10
9
13
13
12
20
24
31
32
28
24
11
7
12
8
14
13
21
21
35
34
34
26
16
14
11
6
22
12
20
19
6
Unions Involved
A s in the p ast 3 y e a r s , a p p rox im a tely
th re e -fo u rth s o f the stoppages in volved a f
filia te s o f the A F L -C IO (table 10).
T h ere
was an in c r e a s e in 1961 o v e r I960 in the
num ber o f A F L -C IO m e m b e r s on strik e ,
w hile id le n e ss d e clin e d . S trik es am ong m e m
b e r s o f u naffiliated unions w e re slig h tly above
I960, w o rk e rs in volved w e re the sa m e, and
id le n e ss was som ew hat lo w e r than in I960.
No union was in v olv ed in 30 stoppages w hich
a ffe cte d about 2 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , as co m p a re d
with 38 stoppages in volvin g slig h tly m o r e than
4, 200 w o rk e rs in I960.
M ediation
P a r tie s to 44 out o f e v e r y 100 stoppages
in 1961 re p o rte d r e c e iv in g a ssista n c e fr o m
govern m en t m e d ia to r s , in m o s t ca s e s F e d e r a l
m e d ia to rs (table 15). T h ese tended to be the
la r g e r stop p a g es, in volvin g th re e -fo u r th s o f
a ll w o rk e rs in 1961 stoppages and m o r e than
fo u r -fifth s o f total id le n e s s . M ediation m ade
9
P r io r to 1952, strik e in form a tion was
con fin ed to city b ou n d a ries.
6
unsettled is s u e s would be handled a fte r the
term in a tion o f the stoppage (table 17). In a
fifth o f th ese in sta n ce s, rem ainin g is s u e s
w e re to be a rb itra ted .
In about a fou rth ,
d ir e c t n egotiation s betw een the p a rtie s w ere
to take p la c e . A sm a ll p r o p o r tio n (59 s to p
p a ges) w e re to be r e fe r r e d to a g overn m en t
a gen cy. F o r the re m a in d e r (229 stop p a g es),
unsettled is s u e s w e re to be r e s o lv e d by v a r
ious oth er m ea n s.
its g re a te s t con tribu tion in stoppages a risin g
out o f the ren egotia tion o f co n tra ct te r m s ,
re p o rte d in 3 out o f 4 c a s e s . R ela tiv ely few
o f the stoppages a risin g during the te rm o f
the a g reem en t in v olv ed m ed ia tion .
In total,
about 2. 3 m illio n m a n -d a y s w ere lo s t in un
m ed iated d isp u tes, an amount le s s than h alf
o f the I960 le v e l.
S ettlem ent
Seven out o f eight strik e s in 1961 w e re
term in a ted by a g reem en t betw een the p a rtie s
w hich retu rn ed the w o rk e rs to th eir jo b s (ta
b le 16). In about 10 p e r c e n t o f the stop p a ges,
including the m a ritim e strik e ended b y a T a ftH artley injunction, w ork was re su m e d without
a fo rm a l settlem en t. In 37 in sta n ces, in v o lv
ing 1, 850 w o r k e r s , the e m p lo y e r went out o f
b u sin e ss , th ereb y term in atin g the dispute.
One out o f fou r s trik e s o v e r union r e c o g n i
tion o r the n egotiation o f the fir s t a g reem en t
ended without a settlem en t.
Of the 110 a rb itra tio n p ro ce e d in g s in s t i
gated by strik e settlem en ts with u n re so lv ed
is s u e s , 50 in v olv ed new (o r fir s t) co n tra ct
te r m s , 56 the in terp reta tion o f co n tra ct la n
guage o r oth er m a tters p re cip ita tin g strik es
during the te r m o f the a g reem en t, and in 4
c a se s co n tra ct status was not known.
C hief am ong the type o f iss u e s r e m a in
ing to be settled a fter the w o r k e r s retu rn ed
to th eir jo b s , as shown in the tabulation b e
low , w e re interunion m a tte r s.
The la r g e r
stop p a g es, h ow ev er, tended to in v olv e w o r k
ing con d ition s o r a com b in a tion o f u n set
tled is s u e s .
P r o c e d u r e fo r Handling U nsettled Issu es
F o r m o r e than 500 stop p a ges, in fo r m a
tion was a v a ila b le on the m eans b y which
Stoppages
Total stoppages covered 1 --------------
46
Number
100.0
Number
Wages and hours---- ---------------------Fringe benefits — ---- —— — —----Union organization--------------------------------Working conditions —-------------------Interunion matters ----------------------Com bination-------------------------------Other — — — —— — — — — —
Workers involved
Percent
of
total
186,000
13.0
3.7
9.5
19.0
48.2
4.1
2.3
25, 800
5, 560
3,800
72,300
16,500
37,700
24,000
Percent
of
total
Man-days idle
Number
100.0 1,700,000
13.9
3.0
2.0
38.9
8.9
20.3
12.9
Excludes those for which information was insufficient to classify.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
305,000
94,200
54,700
669,000
80,000
198,000
300,000
Percent
of
total
100.0
17.9
5.5
3.2
39.3
4.7
11.6
17.6
Table 1.
W o rk Stoppages in the United States, 1927—61
W ork stoppages
Y ear
Number
A verage
duration
(calendar
days)3
W ork ers in v olv ed 1
2
Number
(thousands)
P ercen t
of
total
em ployed
M an-days idle during year
Number
(thousands)
P ercen t o f
estim ated
total
working
tim e
P er
w orker
involved
707
604
921
637
26.5
27.6
22.6
22.3
330
314
289
183
1.4
1.3
1.2
.8
26,200
12,600
5, 350
3, 320
0.37
.17
.07
.05
79.5
40.2
18.5
18.1
1932
- .______________ „__. . _,,
.. ......................................
1933
_
1934 ______________________________________ „____..____...
1935 ----------------------------------------------
810
841
1,695
1,856
2, 014
18.8
19.6
16.9
19.5
23.8
342
324
1, 170
1, 470
1, 120
1.6
1.8
6.3
7.2
5.2
6,8 9 0
10,500
16,900
19,600
15,500
.11
.23
.36
.38
.29
20.2
32.4
14.4
13.4
13.8
1936 ______________________________
1937
........................
1938 ___________ ________ —,
.....
1939
........................................
1940 ----------------------------------------------
2, 172
4, 740
2, 772
2,6 13
2, 508
23.3
20.3
23.6
23.4
20.9
789
1,860
688
1, 170
577
3.1
7.2
2.8
4.7
2.3
13,900
28,400
9, 150
17,800
6, 700
.21
.43
.15
.28
.10
17.6
15.3
13.3
15.2
11.6
1941
. . .
1942
____
—
1943 _ ____ ________ ,-.r_____._
_
1944 ______ _____________ r ______ „
__^
1 9 4 5 ----------------------------------------------
4, 288
2, 968
3, 752
4, 956
4,7 5 0
18.3
11.7
5.0
5.6
9.9
2, 360
840
1,980
2, 120
3, 470
8.4
2.8
6.9
7.0
12.2
23,000
4, 180
13,500
8, 720
38,000
.32
.05
.15
.09
.47
9.8
5.0
6.8
4.1
11.0
______________________________
___ ... _ - . -- . _ ___
______________________________
______________________________
----------------------------------------------
4, 985
3, 693
3,4 19
3, 606
4, 843
24.2
25.6
21.8
22.5
19.2
4,6 00
2, 170
1,960
3, 030
2,4 10
14.5
6.5
5.5
9.0
6.9
116,000
34, 600
34,100
50, 500
38,800
1.43
.41
.37
.59
.44
25.2
15.9
17.4
16.7
16.1
1 9 5 1 ______________________________
r
.
1952 _____________ ________■ __
1953
__, _r _______ _________________________
_ —
1954 ■
... .....- - ... -■
.
1955 .......................................................
4, 737
5, 117
5, 091
3,468
4, 320
17.4
19.6
20.3
22.5
18i5
2, 220
3,540
2, 400
1, 530
2,6 50
5.5
8.8
5.6
3.7
6.2
22,900
59,100
28,300
22,600
28,200
.23
.57
.26
.21
.26
10.3
16.7
11.8
14.7
10.7
1956 _______
_____________
1957 ____________________________________________________________
1958
- ..............................______________
1959
—
.............. ..................................................
1960
- - - __ __________ ______
........
1961 ............
.............................
3, 825
3,673
3,6 9 4
3, 708
3, 333
3, 367
18.9
1,900
1, 390
2,0 60
1 , 880
1, 320
1, 450
4.3
3.1
4.8
4.3
3.0
3.2
33,100
16,500
23,900
69, 000
19, 100
16,300
.29
.14
17.4
11.4
19.7
24.6
23.4
23.7
.61
.17
.14
36.7
14.5
1927
.
................................
1928 ______________________________
_
1929 ________________ , ______ _____________
1930 ----------------------------------------------
1931___________________
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
19.2
.22
11.6
11.2
1 The number o f stoppages and w o rk e rs relate to those beginning in the y ear; average duration, to those ending
in the y ear. M an-days o f id len ess include all stoppages in effect.
A vailable inform ation fo r e a r lie r p eriod s appears in Handbook of L abor S ta tistics, BLS Bulletin 1016 (1951), table
E -2 . F o r a d iscu ssion o f the p ro ce d u re s involved in the c o llection and com pilation o f w ork stoppages sta tistics, see
Techniques o f P reparing M a jo r BLS Statistical S e r ie s , BLS Bulletin 1168 (1955), ch. 12.
2 In this and follow ing ta b les, w o rk e rs a re counted m ore than once if they w ere involved in m ore than 1 stoppage
during the y ear.
3 F igu res are sim ple av erag es; each stoppage is given equal weight reg a rd less o f its siz e.
8
Table 2.
W o rk Stoppages Involving 10,000 or More W orkers, Selected Periods
Stoppages involving 10,000 or m ore w ork ers
W orkers involved
M an-days idle
P e rio d
Number
11
18
42
31
15
20
18
22
19
35
28
18
26
12
13
21
20
17
14
1935— (average) _______ _________
39
1947— (average) ________________ _
49
1945 ............................................................
1946
_
- _
___ __________
1947 _________________________________
1948 _
_
_______________________
1949
_
_
1950 ............................................................
1951 _____________________
___ ___
1952
_ _
_
_
_ _ ____
1953
_ ____________________________
___________________________
1954 „
1955
_______________________________
1956 ............................................................
1957 ___
_________________________
1958 _________________________________
1959 ............................................................
1960 ............................................................
1961 --------------------------------------------------
365
1, 270
1,350
2,920
1,030
870
1,920
738
457
1,690
650
437
1,210
758
283
823
845
384
601
P ercen t of
total fo r
p eriod
Number
(th ou san ds)1
32.4
53.4
38.9
63.6
47.5
44.5
63.2
30.7
20.6
47.8
27.1
28.5
45.6
39.9
20.4
40.0
45.0
29.2
41.4
Number
(thou san ds)1
5,2 90
23,800
19, 300
66,400
17,700
18,900
34,900
21,700
5,680
36,900
7,2 70
7, 520
12,300
19,600
3,050
10,600
50,800
7, 140
4,9 5 0
P ercen t o f
total fo r
p eriod
31.2
59.9
50.7
57.2
51.2
55.3
69.0
56.0
24.8
62.6
25.7
33.3
43.4
59.1
18.5
44.2
73.7
37.4
30.4
1 Includes id len ess in stoppages beginning in e a rlie r y ea rs.
Table 3. Work Stoppages by Month, I960—61
Number of stoppages
W orkers involved in stoppages
In effect during month
Month
Beginning
in
month
In effect
during
month
191
242
270
352
367
400
319
361
271
258
71
65
85
150
156
214
125
134
131
192
110
313
373
430
535
574
629
530
554
500
432
368
250
53
28
209
146
85
53
196
191
224
281
393
337
352
355
315
324
257
142
309
319
350
399
561
554
553
605
573
568
501
366
76
113
47
90
133
62
88
110
112
Beginning
in month
(thousands)
Number
(thousands)
P ercen t
o f total
em ployed
M an-days idle
during month
P ercen t o f
estim ated
Num ber
total
(thousands)
working
tim e
I 960
January
F ebru ary ____________________________
M arch _______________________________
A p ril ________________________________
May ________________ __________________
June _________________________________
July --------------------------------------------------August ___ _______________ ________
Septem ber __________________________
O ctober _________________ ___________
N ovem ber
_____ __ _ ___ ..
D ecem b er ___________________________
106
131
128
130
222
236
314
233
221
0.30
.29
.30
.50
.53
.70
.52
.49
.46
.33
.19
.1 2
1, 110
1,280
1, 550
1,930
2, n o
2,9 50
2, 140
1, 700
1,650
1,500
732
458
0.13
.14
.15
.21
.23
.30
.24
.16
.17
.16
.08
.05
1961
January ______________________________
F ebru ary ____________________________
M arch _______________________________
A p ril ________________________________
May ________________________________ _
June _________________________________
July
__
_
.
August ______________________________
Septem ber __________________________
O ctober ______________________________
N ovem ber _________________
D ecem b er ___________________________
226
86
148
240
177
157
372
275
160
37
86
171
102
84
314
.20
.30
.14
.25
.33
.52
.40
.34
.81
.60
.35
.19
589
768
478
984
1,610
1,660
1,460
1, 320
2, 580
2,4 80
1, 500
855
.06
.09
.05
.11
.16
.17
.16
.12
.28
.24
.16
.09
9
Table 4.
W ork Stoppages by Contract Status and Major Issues, 1961
Stoppages beginning in 1961
W orkers involved
Contract status and m a jo r issu e
Number
M an-days idle
during 1961
P ercen t
Number
A ll stoppages
------ ------- ----------------- --------
N egotiation o f fir s t agreem ent or
union recogn ition -------------------------------------G eneral wage changes and
supplem entary benefits ------------ -------Wage adjustments ---------------------------------Union organization and secu rity -----------Job secu rity and plant adm inistration —
Interunion o r intraunion m atters ______
Other -------------------------------------------------------
P ercen t
Num ber
P ercen t
3, 367
100.0
1,450, 000
100.0
16, 300,000
100.0
513
15." 2
36, 300
2. 5
979, 000
6 .0
7,
1,
24,
1,
1,
106
18
360
20
7
2
550
740
100
290
500
120
182,000
28,500
710,000
36,300
22, 400
200
R enegotiation o f agreem ent (expiration
o r reopening) -------- — ---------------------------G eneral wage changes and
supplem entary benefits ----------------------Wage adjustments ---------------------------------Hours o f w ork --------- — ------------ — —
Union organization and secu rity -----------Job secu rity and plant adm inistration . .
Interunion o r intraunion m atters ----------Other -------------------------------------------------------
1, 214
52
3
89
112
12
35
During term o f agreem ent (negotiation
o f new agreem ent not involved) --------------Wage adjustments ---------------------------------Hours o f w ork ---------------------------------------Union organization and secu rity -----------Job secu rity -------------------------------------- —
Plant adm inistration
----------------- -------Interunion o r intraunion m atters ----------Other .................................................................
1, 084
70
3
46
145
363
315
142
32. 2
378,000
19,000
630
4, 770
123, 000
129,000
74, 000
27, 500
26.0
1, 890,000
64, 100
1, 520
22, 400
577,000
668, 000
199,000
358,000
No contract, o r other con tra ct status ------General wage changes and
supplementary benefits ----------------------Job security and plant adm inistration —
Interunion o r intraunion m atters
— —
Other ----------------------------- -----------------------
57
1.7
7, 640
.5
52, 100
No inform ation on contract status -------------
196
1, 517
45. 1
1, 020, 000
22
17
9
9
12,800
10,900
20,800
7, 540
2, 700
3, 280
1, 130
530
5. 8
10, 200
13, 200, 000
81. 3
6, 550,000
724, 000
3, 190
1,6 5 0 ,0 0 0
4, 120,000
24, 000
165,000
487,000
25,300
1, 170
62, 300
425, 000
9, 960
8, 880
NOTE: B ecause o f rounding, sums o f individual item s m ay not equal totals
7 0 .2
.7
122, 000
11.6
10
Table 5. Major Issues Involved in W ork Stoppages, 1961
Stoppages beginning in 1961
W orkers involved
M ajor issu es
Number
M an-days idle
during 1961
(a ll stoppages)
P ercen t
Num ber
P ercen t
Number
P ercen t
— __ __ __ — —
3, 367
100.0
1 ,4 5 0 ,0 0 0
100.0
1 6 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0
100.0
G eneral w age changes __ „ _ _________
G eneral wage in cre a se - ------- -------G eneral w age in cre a se , plus
supplem entary benefits ____________
G en eral w age in cre a se , hour
d e cr e a s e _ . ______________ _____
G en eral wage d e cre a s e ______ __ __
G en eral wage in cre a se and
e s calation .
W ages and working conditions ______
1,359
590
40.3
483,00 0
115,000
33.3
6 ,5 2 0 ,0 0 0
1,4 9 0 ,0 0 0
40.0
Supplem entary ben efits
— ____ _____
P en sion s, insurance, other w elfa re
p ro g ra m s ---- ------- — ------- —
S everance o r d ism iss a l pay ________
P rem iu m pay ________________________
Other supplem entary benefits _______
145
Wage adjustm ents __ _______ ___________
Incentive pay rates o r
adm ini str a t i o n _____________________
Job cla ssifica tio n o r jo b rates ______
Downgrading __
__ _
__ __ . . .
R e t r o a c t iv it y ______________________ __
Method o f com puting pay __ __ __ _
154
Hours of w ork __________________________
D e cre a se --------------------------------------------
6
6
.2
1,800
1,800
.1
4, 710
4, 710
Other contractual m atters _____________
Duration of contract ___ ____ __ __
U n s p e c ifie d ___ __ __ __ __ ------- —
26
15
11
.8
2,8 60
1,990
870
.2
32,500
28,800
3, 670
Union organization and s e c u r i t y ________
R ecogn ition (certifica tion )
— _
R ecogn ition and jo b securityissu e s ____ __ __ __ ____ __ __ __
R ecogn ition and e con om ic
issu es ______________________________
Strengthening bargaining p osition ,
or union shop and econ om ic
issu e s
- ■,
■
__ ______________
Union secu rity
_ __________ __ __
R efusal to sign
agreem ent __ __ __ __ ------- — —
Other union organization
m a t t e r s ___ ______ __
___ __
518
194
15.4
92,300
9,4 70
6.4
2 ,3 9 0 ,0 0 0
279,000
Job secu rity — __ — — — ------------ —
Seniority a n d /o r la y off _ ____ _____
Subcontracting
__ __ __ ------------ __
New m achinery (a ll tech n ological
issu es) _____________ — — — — —
Job tra n sfe r s, bumping, etc. ----------T ra n sfer of operation s or
p refa b rica ted goods ________________
243
143
28
A ll issu e s ____
____
See footnote at end of table.
473
219,000
3 ,0 8 0 ,0 0 0
22
14
4 ,4 1 0
2, 110
60,400
72,800
4
256
430
143,000
14,100
1 ,8 0 0 ,0 0 0
4.3
41
20
21
63
33,200
2.3
9,8 30
5, 880
3,0 00
14,500
4.6
61
57
2
15
19
46,800
458,00 0
2.8
122,000
4 7 ,400
42 ,600
246,000
3.2
823,000
5.0
204,000
603,000
1,860
8, 590
5,9 60
18,400
24,900
320
1,420
1, 750
13
3,4 30
6, 560
215,000
116
46
65,900
3,4 80
1,7 4 0 ,0 0 0
62,800
15
1,060
15,100
28
2,3 90
14.7
58 ,100
106
(l )
16,000
7.2
183,000
45 ,000
15,900
12.6
1,8 00, 000
618,000
297,000
11
12
8, 300
3,9 60
51,200
52,300
10
39
28,100
81,500
40 7,000
380,000
11.0
1
1
Table 5.
Major Issues Involved in W ork Stoppages, 1961— Continued
Stoppages beginning in 1961
W orkers involved
M ajor issu es
Num ber
M an-days idle
during 1961
(all stoppages)
P e rcen t
Number
13.7
503,000
P ercen t
34.7
Num ber
3 ,6 3 0 ,0 0 0
P ercen t
22.3
Plant a d m in is tra tio n ___ _______________
P h y sical fa cilitie s ,
surroundings, etc. _________________
Safety m e a su re s, dangerous
equipm ent, etc. ___ __ ------- -------S upervision ______
------- — —
Shift w ork _ _____ ____
__ _____
W ork assignm ents ___________________
Speedup— w orkload __ _______________
W ork r u l e s __________ _______________
O vertim e w ork — — — ------------ —
Insubordination, d isch arg e,
d iscip lin e
__ ___________ ________
Other
------------------------------------------------
462
Other w orking conditions — -----------A rbitration
„___________
___ _
G rievance p ro ce d u re s __ „ _ -------U nspecified contract v i o l a t i o n s _____
48
11
18
19
1.4
15,200
3, 720
9,8 90
1,630
1.0
333,000
23,700
292,000
17,000
2.0
Interunion o r intraunion m atters _______
Union r iv a lr y 3 -------- ----------------------J u ris d ictio n 4 ...__
.._ _ .
____
Ju risdiction al— w ork assignm ent ---Union a d m in istra tion , 5 no relation
to contract ________ ____ ____ —
S y m p a th y _____ — — — — ------- —
O t h e r --------------------------------------------------
364
4
17
281
10.8
87,700
1,980
9, 150
27,300
6.0
273,000
23,700
11,800
123,000
1
Not r e p o r t e d -------------------------------------------
42
15
5, 170
15,500
38
19
10
40
58
32
9
15,900
3, 310
5,6 70
10,300
25,000
17,100
1, 530
159,000
18,800
14,700
85,400
151,000
231,000
4, 850
196
45
53,200
365,000
229,000
2 ,7 2 0 ,0 0 0
3
46
13
1, 170
20,800
27,400
'
1.2
3,6 80
1,490
70,700
41 ,800
.3
14,000
1 L e ss than 0.05 percent.
2 Includes General M otors and F o rd strik e s, w hich involved a v a riety of issu es at the plant le v e l.
See text.
3 Includes disputes between unions of different affiliation, such as those between unions affiliated with
A F L -C IO and nonaffiliated.
4 Includes disputes between unions, usually of the sam e affiliation or two lo ca ls of the sam e union, ov er
represen tation of w ork ers.
5 Includes disputes within a union o v e r the adm inistration of union a ffairs or regulations.
NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sums of individual item s m ay not equal totals.
12
Table 6.
W ork Stoppages by Industry Group, 1961
M an-days idle during 1961
(all stoppages)
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Number
W orkers
involved
Number
P ercen t of
estim ated
total
working
tim e
1 3, 367
1,450, 000
16, 300,000
0.14
1 1,677
897,000
9 ,7 8 0 ,0 0 0
0.24
126
74,400
665,000
0.23
191
6
114
176
98
75
70
130
35
96,600
6, 160
67,100
89,100
297,000
12,500
12,500
24,400
5, 970
1,1 3 0 ,0 0 0
51, 400
716,000
1,2 4 0 ,0 0 0
2 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0
234,000
256,000
458,000
39,100
.41
.10
.20
.34
.65
.15
.28
.32
.02
112
25
177
15,100
18,200
80,000
146,000
70,400
589,000
.05
.08
.13
Industry group
A ll industries
— -
M anufacturing
— — —
__
-------
- -
— —
----
— — --------
P rim a ry m etal industries .
—
--------------- _ ------F abricated m etal p rod u cts, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment --------------Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s
— ---- ----------E le c tr ica l m achinery, equipment, and supplies -------M achinery, except e le c tr ic a l
--- --- ------------ ----------T ransportation equipment _____________________________
Lum ber and w ood prod ucts, except furniture -----------Furniture and fixtures ------------------------------------------------Stone, clay, and glass products
______ — — ------T extile m ill p r o d u c t s __________________________________
A pparel and other finished products made fro m
fa b r ics and sim ila r m a teria ls _ __________ _ ---- Leather and leather p roducts
. . ------- ---- — — —
F ood and kindred products
_
_ _
------— _ T o b a cco m anufactures __________________ *-------------------P aper and a llied p r o d u c t s _____________________________
Printing, publishing, and a llied industries --------------C hem icals and allied p roducts -----------------------------------P etroleu m refining and related industries ----------------Rubber and m iscella n eou s p la stics products ------------P ro fe ssio n a l, scie n tific, and controlling
instrum ents; photographic and optical goods;
watches and c l o c k s ___________________________________
M iscellaneou s m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s _____________
Nonmanufacturing ______________________________
A gricu ltu re, fo r e s try , and fish e r ie s _
------ — -----Mining
.
_
_
. . . . . . . . . .
---------- Contract con stru ction _________________________________
T ransportation, com m unication, e le c tr ic ,
g a s, and sanitary s e r v ic e s _________________________
W holesale and retail trad#»
F inance, insurance, and rea l estate -------------------------S e rv ice s
- — ------- - ------- —. — —
— —
G overnm ent
—
—
— ---- -
-
-
-
-
62
50
94
17
65
15,300
8,8 50
14,100
15,000
22,600
324,000
93, 500
441,000
316,000
215,000
.22
.04
.21
.61
.24
19
56
12,500
10,400
170,000
125,000
.19
.13
1 1,694
555,000
6 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0
2 . 08
31
154
824
10,900
37,700
217,000
80,600
310,000
3 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0
(3)
0.18
.50
243
308
4
103
28
211,000
62, 400
230
9, 070
6,6 10
1, 710,000
716,000
3, 000
173,000
15,300
. 17
.0 2
( 3)
(?)
(3 )
1 Stoppages extending into 2 or m o re industry groups have been counted in each industry affected; w ork ers
involved and m an-days idle w ere allocated to the resp ectiv e groups.
2 E xcludes governm ent.
3 Not available.
NOTE: B ecause of rounding,
sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals.
13
Table 7.
Region
W o rk Stoppages by Region, 19611 and I960
Stoppages
beginning in—
1961
1960
W orkers involved
in stoppages
beginning in—
M an-days id le
during
(a ll stoppages)
P ercen t o f
estim ated total
working tim e
1961
1960
1961
1960
1961
1960
19 ,100 ,000
0. 14
0. 17
0. 10
. 17
.2 0
. 14
.07
. 10
. 13
. 14
. 12
0. 35
. 21
. 14
.21
.0 8
. 17
.0 6
.3 0
.0 9
United States -------------------------
2 3, 367
2 3, 333
1 ,4 50,0 00
1, 320,000
16,300 ,000
New England ---- — ------- —
M iddle Atlantic ---------------------East North Central --------------W est North C entral -------------South A t la n t ic -----------------------East South Central --------------W est South Centred
----- ---Mountain ------ — — - — —
P a c ific --------------- -----------------
232
1,048
843
264
318
205
175
153
419
215
1,030
831
227
333
211
156
146
408
66,800
375,000
538,000
84, 400
93, 900
43, 700
59,200
41,000
151,000
97,400
438,000
308,000
120,000
94, 300
64,300
41,600
34, 600
118,000
843, 000
4 ,3 5 0 ,0 0 0
4 ,9 1 0 , 000
1,230, 000
1,060, 000
535, 000
1, 140, 000
538, 000
1, 680, 000
2,
5,
3,
2,
1,
880, 000
510,000
480, 000
300,000
220,000
953, 000
527, 000
1, 090,000
1, 150,000
1 The region s used in this study include: New England— C onnecticut, M aine, M assachusetts, New H am pshire,
Rhode Island, and Verm ont; M iddle A tlantic— New J e rse y , New Y ork, and Pennsylvania; East N orth C entral— Illin ois,
Indiana, M ichigan, Ohio, and W isconsin; W est North C entral— Iowa, Kansas, M innesota, M issou ri, N ebraska, North
Dakota; South A tlantic— D elaw are, D istrict o f Colum bia, F lorid a , G eorgia, M aryland, North C arolina, South C arolina,
V irgin ia, and W est V irginia; E ast South C entral— Alabam a, Kentucky, M ississip p i, and T enn essee; W est South
C entral— A rkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and T exas; Mountain— A rizon a , C olorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New
M ex ico, Utah, and W yoming; and P a c ific — A laska, C aliforn ia , Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
2 Stoppages extending a c r o s s State lines have been counted in each State affected; w ork ers involved and
m an-days id le w ere allocated am ong the States.
NOTE:
Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
14
Table 8. W ork Stoppages by State, 1961
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
M an-days idle during 1961
(a ll stoppages)
State
Number
W orkers
involved
Number
P ercen t of
estim ated
total w orking
tim e
United S t a t e s ______________________
1 3, 367
1 ,4 5 0 ,0 0 0
16,300, 000
0.14
A labam a ------- — _ _ -------- ----A laska .. . .
____ ^______________
A rizon a _________ __ _ _ ______
A rkansas
. , ______________ ____
C aliforn ia
. _____
__ ___
65
10
13
30
269
12,900
2, 770
2, 790
3,480
99,100
167,000
40,800
31,800
43, 100
1 ,1 1 0 ,0 0 0
0.11
.49
.05
.06
.11
C olorado __________________________
Conne cti cut
.
____
Delaw are _
__
__ —
D istrict of Colum bia — __
F lo rid a -------------------------------------------
49
56
23
10
66
16,800
17,900
5, 260
4, 910
23, 600
220,000
372, 000
78,800
45,600
183,000
.21
.18
.23
.06
.06
G eorgia
________ — _______ ___
Hawaii _____ r_ ______,______._____ __
_
Idaho .
_ -- ...___________ , .......
------------ ----- --------Illin ois
Indiana __ __
____ __ ___ ___
30
33
18
219
107
17,600
21,700
1, 570
91,900
60, 700
241,000
47,100
20,100
869,000
510,000
.11
(2)
.06
.11
.17
j owa _______________________________
____ , .
Kansas
Kentucky , _ , . ..... ...... ..... ,
Loui s i ana
_
Maine ---------------------------------------------
47
39
67
34
6
12,800
7,6 80
15,700
5, 840
520
158,000
65,400
119,000
207,000
4,7 00
.11
.06
.09
.13
.01
M aryland ____ ____
________ M assachusetts
___ __ _________ . .
Mi c h i g a n ___ ______________________
Minne s ota
, .
„ ..
M ississip p i
______
— ____ _
46
134
180
46
15
14,000
44,500
239,000
20,700
4,2 3 0
185,000
412,000
1, 820, 000
452,000
47 ,100
.10
.10
.38
.22
.06
M isso u ri __________________________
Montana
n
N ebraska
_______________ ,__
_ ___
___
Nevada ____________
------- -------------New H am pshire
88
16
26
9
3
34,500
1, 920
5,830
2, 830
170
470,000
38,200
70,300
28,000
2, 030
.16
.12
.09
.13
(1 )
3
2
New J e rse y ________________________
New M e x ico _______________________
New Y ork
North C arolina
___ — __ ______
North D a k o t a _____ _________ _______
234
19
421
14
4
82,300
3,650
180,000
2, 000
160
762,000
53,400
1, 860, 000
6,4 60
3, 780
.17
.12
.14
(3)
.02
Ohio _ _ _______ — — -------- Oklahoma . . . . __ . . . ___
___
Or e g on
— _______________
Pennsylvania . — _ — — --------Rhode Island ___ __ ____
283
29
25
393
23
127,000
8, 550
13,000
112,000
2,470
1, 420, 000
92,400
229,000
1, 730, 000
17,300
.21
.08
.22
.21
.03
South C a r o l i n a _____________________
South Dakota —
_____________________
T enn essee
...
. . . . .
TeX3Ls ■ ■
,,
■ ■ ,r
,,,n■
Utah ------------------------------------------
8
14
58
82
13
1, 080
2, 650
10,900
41,300
8, 980
13, 000
7, 240
202,000
798,000
128,000
.01
.03
.10
.15
.24
__ . . .
... —
V erm ont
V irgin ia . . .
— ---- — - ---Was hingt o n __ ____ __ __________
_
W est V i r g i n i a ___________________
W iseonsin
_
_
_____.
W yom ing _
—
.
10
40
82
81
54
16
1, 210
12,900
14, 800
12,700
18,700
2, 380
34,400
112,000
251, 000
197,000
285,000
17,600
.15
.05
.15
.21
.11
.09
1 Stoppages extending a c r o s s State lines have been counted in each State affected ; w ork ers involved and
m an-days idle w ere allocated am ong the States.
2 Data not available.
3 L e ss than 0.005 percent.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
15
Table 9.
M etropolitan area
A kron, O h io ______________
Albany—
Schenectady1
T roy , N .Y ______________
A lbuquerque, N. M e x ____
A llentown—
Bethlehem—
Easton, P a _____________
Ann A r b o r , M i c h ________
Atlanta, G a _______________
Atlantic City, N. J ________
B altim ore, M d ___________
W o rk Stoppages by Metropolitan Area, 19611
Stoppages
beginning in
1961
Num W orkers
ber
involved
M an-days idle
during 1961
(a ll stoppages)
24
6, 590
90,700
27
9
9,4 30
260
154,000
2,710
30
9
6,350
13,100
102,000
92,600
20
8
31
7
16,200
640
10,900
600
229,000
5,900
146,000
14,300
16
7, 270
120
1, 340
2, 700
27,600
2, 090
6,8 30
7,6 40
52,500
208,000
40,300
Chattanooga, T e n n _______
53
14
5
7
7
21,900
4, 820
810
770
1,900
217,000
58, 400
9, 380
3, 200
2 5 , 200
Cheyenne, W y o ----------------C hicago, 111______________
Cincinnati, O h io _________
Cleveland, O h io __________
Colum bus, O h io __________
7
84
31
61
27
170
51,900
21, 500
34,400
7,480
710
366,000
182,000
352,000
95,000
C orpus C h risti, T e x _____
D allas, T e x ______________
D aven port-R ock Island—
M oline, Iowa—
111________
Dayton, O h io _____________
D ecatur, 111______________
8
13
750
3, 240
9,4 3 0
31, 300
14
25
6
4,5 8 0
6,7 20
1,930
87,500
72,600
42,700
D enver, C o l o _____________
D es M oines, I o w a -----------D etroit, M ich _____________
E rie, P a _________________
F all R iv e r, M a s s ________
35
13
92
7
21
13,300
3, 570
126,000
770
1,440
204,000
46,600
940,000
11,300
8, 100
U
'l^rvl’j M irh
F ort Lauderdale—
H ollyw ood, F l a _________
F ort Wayne, I n d _________
F ort W orth, T e x _________
F resn o , C a lif____________
9
54,300
284,000
7
8
10
7
310
3, 540
2,400
360
640
47,300
13,900
13,000
Jacksonville, F la ________
J ersey C ity, N .J ________
Johnstown, P a ___________
K alam azoo, M ich ________
Kansas City,
M o.— a n s ______________
K
King ston— ewbur gh—
N
P oughkeepsie, N .Y ____
K noxville, T en n _____ __
L ancaster, P a ___________
L a n s in g , M ich
Las V egas, N ev _________
13
41
7
8
1,410
12,100
1,470
2,5 70
21, 000
107,000
28,200
22,500
35
18,800
150,000
12
9
8
7
7
2,090
710
3,910
11,000
1, 180
26,500
10,500
70,200
47 ,400
22,800
7
5
7
9
6,000
330
4, 080
2, 110
18,200
7,5 90
52,600
44,900
12
1,410
8,9 30
186,000
5
8
22
65
10
M etropolitan area
Stoppages
beginning in
M an-days idle
1961
during 1961
Num W orkers (a ll stoppages)
ber
involved
Beaumont— o rt
P
A rthur, T e x _____________
Billing s , M ont____________
Binghamton, N .Y ________
B oston, M a s s ____________
B ridgep ort, C onn________
Buffalo, N .Y _____________
Canton, O h io _____________
C harleston, S .C __________
Galveston—
Texas
City, Tftv
Gar y—
Hammond— st
Ea
C hicago, I n d ____________
Grand Rapids, M i c h _____
G reat F alls, M ont________
H artford, C on n ___________
Honolulu, H a w a ii________
Houston, T e x ________ __
Huntingtonr-Ashland,
W. V a .- K y ______________
Indianapolis, Ind _________
Jackson, M ich ____________
7
2, 370
20, 800
22
5
6
15
8,7 70
5, 830
620
6,8 70
78,100
50,400
7, 130
189,000
30
22
8,970
23,200
33,500
438,000
15
11
11
4, 710
5,960
4,9 9 0
31,700
43,100
107,000
See footnote at end of table,
Law rence— averhill,
H
M a s s ___________________
Lexington, K y ___________
Lim a, O h io ______________
L incoln, Nebr _
____
Little R ock—
North
Little R ock, A r k _______
Lorain— ly ria , O h io ____
E
L os A ngeles—
Long
11
6, 680
97,600
75
28
16
18
29,600
6,4 90
1,770
15,900
307,000
84,200
44,300
127,000
M ilwaukee, W is _________
M inneapolis—
St. Paul,
M inn____________________
M obile, A l a _____________
M uncie, I n d -------------------Muskegonr-Muskegon
Heights, M ic h _________
20
8, 350
59,700
33
12
8
19,100
3,270
6, 200
428,000
43,800
25,900
6
470
4, 690
N ashville, T en n _________
New B edford, M a s s _____
New Haven, C on n ________
New London-G roton—
N orw ich, C o n n ________
New O rleans, L a ________
9
7
12
2, 870
1,620
2, 760
25,200
10,700
22,100
7
14
160
2,2 80
1,410
34,400
285
69
119,000
27,400
1 ,0 60,0 00
269,000
12
7
9
2, 850
800
3, 520
37,600
5,700
23,200
B e a c h , C a lif
L ou isv ille, K y ___________
M em phis, T e n n _________
M iam i, F la ______________
New Y ork, N .Y __________
Newark, N .J ____________
N orfolk—
Portsm outh,
Va___________
Oklahoma City, O k la -----Omaha, N e b r ____________
6
200
1,640
55
5
16
145
13,700
60
14,000
65,600
161,000
1,440
71, 500
1 ,0 30,0 00
Pittsburgh, P a __________
Portland, O r e g __________
P r ovidenc e—
Pawtucket,
R . I _____________________
Pueblo, C o lo _____________
Reading, P a _____________
82
16
17,900
9,4 20
286,000
192,000
19
7
12
1,680
1, 340
1,750
15,600
7,7 70
38,800
R ichm ond, V a ___________
R och ester, N .Y _________
R ock ford , 111------------------S acram ento, C a lif---------Saginaw, M ich ___________
6
22
9
8
5
210
5,040
750
530
6,7 80
900
98 ,500
3,090
8, 170
73,800
O rlando, F l a ____________
Pater sonr-Clifton^
P a ssa ic, N .J ___________
P ensacola, F la __________
P eoria , 111_______________
Philadelphia, P a ________
Table 9.
M etropolitan area
St. Joseph, M o __________
St. L ou is, Mo __ ____ _
San A ntonio, T ex . . . _____
San B ernardino—
R iver side—
Ontario,
C alif
.............................
San D iego, C a l i f ________
W o rk Stoppages by Metropolitan Area, 19611 — Continued
Stoppages
beginning in
M an-days idle
1961
during 1961
Num W orkers (a ll stoppages)
ber
involved
5
69
6
1,080
21,100
380
7,670
405,000
8,0 00
S
12
560
2,7 70
4, 140
74,200
San F ra n c is c o —
Oakland, C a lif. . .
. .
San J o se , C a lif__________
Santa B arbara, C a l i f ____
Savannah, Ga ____________
Scranton, P a _____________
87
19
8
6
14
47 ,3 0 0
8,3 50
410
400
2,2 60
466,000
1 1 1 ,000
3, 010
3,460
12,800
Seattle, W ash____________
Sioux City, I o w a ________
Sioux F a lls , S. D a k ____
South Bend, I n d _________
Spokane, W a sh __________
23
6
6
7
5
4 ,9 1 0
560
660
1,150
770
S pringfield, 111__________
S pringfield, M o _________
Sp r ingf ieldr—
Chic ope e—
H olyoke, M a s s ________
Stam ford, C o n n _________
Steubenville— eirton,
W
O hio-W . V a _____________
6
5
Stoppages
beginning in
M an-days idle
1961
during 1961
Num W orkers (a ll stoppages)
ber
involved
M etropolitan area
Stockton, C a lif _________
S yracu se, N .Y __________
T acom a, W a s h _________
Tampa—
St. P etersbu rg,
F la ......................................
T e rr e Haute, I n d _______
18
7
12
1,680
4 ,0 3 0
2,7 10
21,300
48 ,000
28,800
17
5
1,670
380
16,600
2,4 00
T oled o, Ohio . . . . . . .
Topeka, K an s___________
Trenton, N .J __ . . _. . .
T ucson, A r i z ___________
Tulsa, O k la _____________
12
6
15
6
8
3,7 10
1,940
5,0 30
340
3,8 90
58,400
16,700
30,700
1,230
23,400
86,900
19,000
2,450
2, 760
15,800
Utica— om e, N .Y . __ ._
R
Washington, D .C ________
W aterbury, C o n n _______
W aterloo, Iow a_________
W heeling, W. V a ..............
7
14
7
9
10
3,4 90
9,5 5 0
2,6 4 0
5,9 80
2,0 50
38,400
77,500
48 ,300
39,200
39,600
940
480
7,660
11,200
9
430
3,7 80
14
5
1,520
470
28,600
5, 760
27
20
8
3,5 40
4 ,0 8 0
1,170
38,400
37,200
13,800
9
2,2 20
39,000
W ichita, Kans . . . . . .
W ilk e s -B a rre —
Hazleton, P a __________
W ilm ington, D e l ________
York, P a ________________
Young stown-W ar r en,
O h io -----------------------------
19
9,5 6 0
50,800
1 Includes data fo r each o f the m etropolitan areas that had 5 or m o re stoppages in 1961.
Some m etrop olitan areas include counties in m ore than 1 State, and hen ce, an a rea total m ay equal or ex ceed
the total fo r the State in which the m a jo r c ity is located.
Stoppages in the m ining and logging industries are e x clu d e d .
Interm etropolitan area stoppages a re counted separately in each area affected; the w ork ers involved and
m an -da ys idle w ere allocated to the r e sp e ctiv e areas.
Table 10. Work Stoppages by Affiliation of Unions Involved, 1961
Stoppages beginning in 1961
W orkers involved
A ffiliation
Number
M an-days idle
during 1961
(a ll stoppages)
P ercen t
Number
Total — — — —
. — ________ — _.
A F L — I O _______________________________
C
Unaffiliated unions _____________________
Single fir m unions . . ________ ____
D ifferen t affiliations 1 _________________
No union in v o lv e d ______________________
Not r e p o r t e d -----------------------------------------
P ercen t
Number
P ercen t
3,3 67
100.0
1 ,4 5 0 ,0 0 0
100.0
16, 300,000
100.0
2,4 92
784
15
41
30
5
74.0
23.3
.4
1.2
.9
.1
1,250, 000
167,000
6 ,8 5 0
21,400
2,0 20
610
86.4
11.5
.5
1.5
.1
(1 )
2
14 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0
1 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0
78,100
201,000
7,2 50
2,3 00
88.8
9.4
.5
1.2
(?)
(2)
1 Includes w ork stoppages involving unions of d ifferent affiliations— either
and 1 o r m o re unaffiliated unions, or 2 o r m o re unaffiliated unions.
2 L e ss than 0.05 p ercent.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
1 or m ore affiliated with A F L -C IO
17
Table 11.
W o rk Stoppages by Contract Status and Size o f Stoppage:, 1961
Stoppages beginning in 1961
C ontract status and size o f stoppage
(num ber of w o rk ers involved)
M an-days idle
during 1961
(all stoppages)
W orkers involved
Number
P e rcen t
Number
P ercen t
Number
P ercen t
A ll stoppages ____________________________
3, 367
100.0
1 ,4 50,0 00
100.0
16,300, 000
100.0
6 and under 20 __ __ __ __ ____ ____ __
20 and under 100 _________________________
100 and under 250 _______________________
250 and under 500 . „ — __ __ __ __
500 and under 1, 000 _____________________
1, 000 and under 5,0 00 __________________
5, 000 and under 10, 000 _________________
10,000 and over
__ ____ __ __ __ __ _
678
1,312
669
312
201
165
16
14
20.1
39.0
19.9
•9.3
6.0
4.9
.5
.4
8,030
63,700
104,000
109,000
137,000
315,000
115,000
601,000
0.6
4.4
7.2
7.5
9.4
21.7
7.9
41.4
152,000
1 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0
1,6 4 0 ,0 0 0
1,5 9 0 ,0 0 0
1,700, 000
4 ,1 2 0 ,0 0 0
1,070, 000
4 ,9 5 0 ,0 0 0
0.9
6.5
10.1
9.7
10.4
25.3
6.6
30.4
N egotiation o f fir s t agreem ent
or union r e c o g n i t i o n ___________________
6 and under 2 0 ________________________
20 and under 100 __ __ ____ . . _ __
100 and under 250 ____________________
250 and under 500 ____________________
500 and under 1, 000 _________________
1,000 and under 5, 000 _______________
5, 000 and under 10, 000 ______________
10, 000 and o v e r ______________________
513
205
226
55
15
8
4
-
15.2
6.1
6.7
1.6
.4
.2
.1
-
36,300
2, 390
9,830
8,030
4, 920
5, 590
5, 590
-
2.5
.2
.7
.6
.3
.4
.4
-
979,000
66,700
300,000
339,000
101,000
112,000
60, 600
-
6.0
.4
1.8
2.1
.6
.7
.4
-
Renegotiation of agreem ent
(expiration o r r e o p e n in g )______________
6 and under 20 . . . .
_ _ . . _. . .
20 and under 100
. . . . ._ ____
100 and under 250 . . . .
. . . . . ._
250 and under 500 . . . .
. . . . .
500 and under 1, 000 _________________
1, 000 and under 5, 000 _______________
5, 000 and under 10, 000 ______________
10,000 and o v e r __________________ _____
1,517
189
566
355
167
112
102
14
12
45.1
5.6
16.8
10.5
5.0
3.3
3.0
.4
.4
1,020, 000
2, 360
28,700
55, 800
57, 000
75,800
196,000
102,000
502,000
70.2
.2
2.0
3.8
3.9
5.2
13.5
7.0
34.6
13 ,2 0 0 ,0 0 0
47, 300
533,000
1,0 80, 000
1,2 5 0 ,0 0 0
1,3 1 0 ,0 0 0
3 ,3 8 0 , 000
1,0 50, 000
4 ,6 0 0 , 000
81.3
.3
3.3
6.6
7.7
8.0
20.7
6.4
28.3
1,084
201
388
234
123
76
58
32.2
6.0
11.5
6.9
3.7
2.3
1.7
.1
.1
378,000
2, 290
19,900
36,800
4 4 ,100
52, 100
112, 000
12, 800
98,500
26.0
.2
1.4
2.5
3.0
3.6
7.7
.9
6.8
1,8 90, 000
21,900
148,000
182,000
208,000
271,000
679,000
24,800
354,000
11.6
.1
.9
1.1
1.3
1.7
4.2
57
16
24
10
3
3
1
-
1.7
.5
.7
.3
.1
.1
7, 640
190
1, 110
1,530
1,080
1,900
1,830
-
.5
52, 100
1,480
10, 400
23,000
6, 530
7, 030
3,660
-
196
67
108
15
4
5.8
2.0
3.2
.4
.1
.1
-
During term o f agreem ent (negotiation
of new agreem ent not in v o lv e d )________
6 and under 20
. . . — __
20 and under 100 __________________ ___
100 and under 250 ____________________
__
250 and under 500
500 and under 1, 000 _________________
1,000 and under 5, 000 _______________
5, 000 and under 10, 000 ______________
10,000 and ov er
._ _ . . . .
._ . .
No con tra ct, o r other contract
s t a t u s _____ — — ___ — — — — —
6 and under 2 0 ________________________
20 and under 1 0 0 ______________________
100 and under 250 __________ —________
250 and under 500 __________________ _
500 and under 1, 000 _________________
1, 000 and under 5, 000 _______________
5, 000 and under 10, 000 ______________
10, 000 and o v e r ______________________
No inform ation on con tra ct status ______
6 and under 2 0 ________________________
20 and under 100 . . . __________________ _
100 and under 250 . . .
. . __ . . . .
250 and under 500 ____________________
500 and under 1, 000 _________________
1, 000 and under 5,000 _______________
5, 000 and under 10, 000 . .
. . . . _.
10, 000 and o v e r ______________________
2
2
2
-
(M
-
10,200
810
4, 220
2,210
1,510
1,490
-
L e ss than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Because of rounding* sums of individual items may not equal totals.
(M
.1
.1
.1
.1
.1
.7
.1
.3
.2
.1
.1
-
122,000
14,600
63,900
20,000
21,600
2, 060
-
.2
2.2
.3
(M
.1
.1
(M
( )
n
-
.8
.1
.4
.1
.1
(l )
-
18
Table 12.
W ork Stoppages by Number o f Establishments Involved, 1961
Stoppages beginning in 1961
Number o f establishm ents in v o lv e d 1
Number
P ercen t
of
total
W orkers involved
Number
P ercen t
of
total
M ay-days idle
during 1961 (all stoppages)
Number
P ercen t
of
total
________ - _
3, 367
100. 0
1 ,4 5 0 ,0 0 0
100. 0
16 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0
100. 0
1 establishm ent ___ ________________ ___
2 to 5 establishm ents ------------- -------------6 to 10 establishm ents _______________ ..
11 establishm ents o r m o re . -------------------11 to 49 establishm ents -------------- —
50 to 99 establishm ents _____________
100 establishm ents o r m o re ------- ---E xact number not known 2 ____________
Not reported _____________________________
2,5 19
428
111
177
128
26
2
21
132
7 4 .8
12.7
3. 3
5. 3
3 .8
.8
. 1
.6
3 .9
432,000
139,000
28 ,100
745,000
134,000
402,000
3,4 80
206,000
108,000
2 9 .8
9 .6
1.9
51. 3
9 .2
27 .7
.2
14.2
7 .4
5 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0
2 ,1 5 0 ,0 0 0
357,000
6 ,7 1 0 ,0 0 0
1 ,7 5 0 ,0 0 0
3 ,2 7 0 ,0 0 0
102,000
1 ,5 9 0 ,0 0 0
1 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0
34. 0
13.2
2 .2
41 . 2
10. 7
20. 1
.6
9 .8
9 .4
Total _________
__________
1 An establishm ent is defined as a single p h y sica l location w here b u sin ess is conducted o r w here se r v ice s or
industrial operations are p e rfo rm e d ; fo r exam ple, a fa ctory , m ill, s to re , m ine, o r fa rm .
A stoppage m ay in
v olv e 1, 2, o r m o re establishm ents o f a single em p loy er or it m ay involve different em p loy ers.
2 Inform ation indicates m o re than 11 establishm ents involved in each of these stoppages.
NOTE: B ecau se o f rounding,
sum s o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.
19
Table 13.
A p p ro x i
m ate
Beginning
duration
date
(calendar
d a y s )1
Jan. 10
14
Feb. 17
7
W o rk Stoppages Involving 10,000 or More W orkers Beginning in 1961
E stabli shm ent( s)
and location
New Y ork Harbor
C a r r ie rs (r a ilr o a d tug
boats, fe r r ie s , e t c .) ,
P o rt o f New Y ork;
New Y ork and
New J e rse y . 4
Union( s)
involved 2
A p prox i
m ate
number of
w ork ers
involved 2
R ailroad and
4 23, 000
M arine D ivi
sion o f Sea
fa rers* Inter
national Union:
National
M arine E ngi
neers* B ene
fic ia l A s s o
ciation ; Inter
national
O rganization
o f M asters,
M ates and
P ilo ts.
A m e rica n A irlin e s, I n c .; Flight E ngi
E astern A ir L ines;
neers* Inter
national
National A irlin e s, I n c .;
A ssocia tion .
Pan A m e rica n W orld
A irw ays, Inc. ; Trans
W orld A ir lin e s, Inc. ;
W estern A ir L ines, I n c .;
The Flying T iger L ines,
Inc. (44 States).
M ajor term s of settlem en t3
A greem ent p rovid ed fo r a 4 -p e rce n t
pay r a ise , 2 p ercen t r etroa ctiv e to July 1,
1960, and 2 p ercen t effectiv e M arch 1,
1961, and elim ination of the c o s t-o f-liv in g
escalation clau se. Captains and engineers
r e ce iv e d an extra 4 5 -c e n t-a -d a y in crea se,
r e troa ctiv e to July 1, I960, to redu ce
the New Y ork-P h ilad elp h ia wage d iffe r
ential.
The a g r e e m e n t a lso included
changes in paid holidays and vacations,
and establishm ent o f a join t com m ittee
(headed by a neutral chairm an) to w ork
out changes in the r a ilroa d w elfa re p r o
gram .
The agreem en t ca lled fo r the r e
fe r r a l of the c r e w -s iz e issu e to a P r e s i
dential C om m ission.
73, 000
S ecretary o f Labor Arthur J. G oldberg
arranged a tru ce, under which the Flight
E ngineers agreed to return to w ork on a ll
lines except 1 (W estern A irlin es, Inc. ), 5
while a 3-m an P resid en tia l C om m ission
(ch a ired by P r o fe s s o r Nathan P. F ein sin ger), studied the dispute. The C om
m issio n m ade 2 rep orts to the P r e s i
dent, May 24 and O ctober 17, 1961, with
recom m endation s fo r eventual m e rg e r of
the A ir Line P ilots A ssocia tion and Flight
E ngineers' International A ssocia tion ; e s
tablishm ent o f a Joint Com m ittee on in terunion cooperation , with public m em b ers
selected by each c a r r ie r , to aid in the
accom p lish m en t of the m e rg e r ; A ir Line
P ilots A ssocia tion to refra in fro m in s ti
tuting leg a lp ro ce e d in g s to change existing
rights o f Flight E ngineers, fo r a m in i
mum p e riod of 2 y e a rs; F light E ngineers
to have a biding p rio r ity on the third seat
(on 3-m an je t crew s), but that engineers
would be requ ired to take certain pilot
training to qualify; a ll new flight engi
neer v acan cies would be fille d by p ilots;
that the 2 unions take appropriate steps
to insure that m em b ers of each m ay co n
tinue to participate in existing retirem en t
and insurance p rog ra m s. No final a g r e e
m ent was reached by the end o f 1961.
A p ril 7
13
C alifornia M etal T rades
A s sociation
(127 plants), A lam eda,
Contra Costa,
San F ra n c isc o , and
San M ateo Counties,
C alifornia.
International
A sso cia tion of
M achinists.
12, 000
2 -y ea r con tra ct p rov id es fo r wage in
c r e a s e fr o m 6 cents to 10 cents an hour
retroa ctiv e to A p ril 1, 1961, and 5 cents
to 9 cents effectiv e A p ril 1, 1962; and
im proved health and w elfa re cov era ge.
The c o s t-o f-liv in g esca la tor clause, d is
continued in June 1959, w ill be reinstated
in O ctober 1962; in c r e a se s w ill be lim ited
to 1 cent fo r each l/z -p oin t change in the
BLS C onsum er P r ic e Index, with a m a x i
mum o f 3 cents an hour.
May 1
32
C onstruction industry,
upstate New York.
International
Union of
Operating
E ngineers and
P lum bers and
P ipe F itters.
10, 000
Operating E ngineers: 2 -y ea r con tra ct
providing 15 -cen t hou rly in cre a se r e t r o
a ctive to May 1, and an additional 15 cents
effectiv e May 1, 1962.
See footnotes at end of table.
P lum bers and P ipe F itters (Albany):
2 -y ea r con tra ct providing fo r an im m e
diate 10 -cen t-a n -h ou r in crea se, and a
15 -cen t-an -h ou r in cre a se in June 1962;
4 -cen t-a n -h ou r w elfa re contribution and
1-cen t-a n -h ou r p e n s i o n fund contribu
tion; payment o f sick n ess and disability
insurance.
20
Table 13.
Beginning
date
A p p ro x i
m ate
duration
(calendar
d ay s)1
W o rk Stoppages Involving 10,000 or M ore W orkers Beginning in 1961— Continued
Establishment^ s)
and location
Union( s)
involved 2
A p p rox i
m ate
number of
w ork ers
involved 2
M ajor term s of settlem en t3
P lu m bers and P ipe F i t t e r s (T r o y ):
2 -y e a r con tra ct p roviding fo r a 1 7 -cen tan-hour in crea se the fir s t year of c o n
tract, and a 15 -cen t-an -h ou r in cre a se the
2d y ear.
May 1—
Continued
May 1
61
June 1
1
Construction industry,
Philadelphia area,
Pennsylvania.
International
Union of
Operating
Engineers.
10, 000
2 -y ea r con tra ct providing a 1 5 -cent
hourly wage in crea se each y ear, a 5 -ce n tan-hour in crea se in w elfa re contribution
the fir s t y ear, and a 21 2~c « 1 n -h ou r
/
t-a
in crea se in pension paym ents each y ear.
A greem ent a lso c a 11 e d fo r h i r i n g hall
with 90-day r e c a l l clause, a n d w ork
rule changes.
S perry G y roscop e Co.
and F ord Instrum ent Co.
(13 plants), D ivision o f
S perry Rand C o r p .,
Queens and N assau
C ounties, New York.
International
Union of
E lectrica l,
Radio and
M achine
W orkers.
1 2 , 000
F ord Instrument Co. : 3 -v ea r contract
p rov id es fo r 2 % -p e rce n t annual in crea se
effectiv e in June of 1961, 1962, and 1963;
c o s t-o f-liv in g allow ance fr o z e n at current
24 -cen ts an hour fo r 1st year of c o n
tract; escalation resum ed in 2d and 3d
y e a rs; 3 weeks* vacation after 10 years*
em ploym ent (was 12 y e a r s); 15 -p ercen t
n ig h t-s h ift d ifferen tial included in v a
cation pay of em ployees working nights
40 w eeks of vacation y ear (7V2 p ercen t
fo r 20 weeks* nightwork); im proved p en
sion p ro v ision ; com pany paid m a jor m e d
ic a l insurance; a sixth day of paid sick
leave.
Sperry G y roscop e Co. : Contract s im ilar to F ord Instrum ent Co. (above) ex
cept that cu rren t c o s t-o f-liv in g allow
an ces amount to 22 cents (a 1 -cen t c o s to f-liv in g d e cr e a s e went into effe ct in
May 1961); union elected to retain its
own m a jo r m ed ica l plan.
June 1
58
C onstruction industry,
M inneapolis—
St. Paul, Minn.
Sheet M etal
Workers*
International
A ssociation .
June 16
18
M aritim e industry,
East, Gulf, and W est
Coast p orts.
National M a ri
tim e Union;
M asters,
M ates and
P ilots;
A m erican
Radio A s s o c i
ation; Sea
fa r e r s ' In ter
national
Union;
M arine E ngi
n e e r s ' B en e
fic ia l
'A ssocia tion ;
Radio O ffice rs
Union; Staff
O fficers
A ssocia tion o f
A m erica .
See footnotes at end of table.
10, 000
(6 )
1 -yea r con tra ct providing a 17 -cen tan-hour wage in crea se, effectiv e June 1,
1961, an additional 4 cents effectiv e D e
cem b er 1, 1961, and 2 cents effectiv e
A p ril 1, 1962. A key fa ctor in the c o n
tra ct called fo r the appointment, by State
Labor C onciliator, of a 3-m an negotiat
ing com m ittee to negotiate term s o f sub
sequent con tra cts.
Strike ended by T aft-H artley
tion.
(See appendix C .)
injun c
National M aritim e Union (E ast and Gulf
C o a s t com p a n ies):
4 -y e a r agreem en t
ca lled fo r im m ediate wage in cre a se s of
4 p ercen t with additional in cre a se s of
2V4 p ercen t in each o f the 3 follow in g
y e a r s; in crea sed annual vacation tim e to
60 days after 1 year o f se r v ic e with sam e
com pany. The con tra ct a lso provid ed an
additional 50 cents p er m an-day com pany
contribution to the union*s p ension and
w elfa re fund, and im proved p rov ision s on
food , lodging, and transportation co sts ;
the issu e of changes in w orking conditions
and w ork rules to be submitted to a sub
com m ittee fo r study and, if no ag ree m ent by D ecem ber 15, 1961, u n resolved
issu es to be submitted to arbitration.
The issu e of A m erican -ow n ed v e s s e ls
operating under fore ig n fla gs to be studied
by a public factfinding boa rd appointed
by the S ecretary of L abor.
21
Table 13.
AppiJoxim ate
Beginning
duration
date
(calendar
days)1
W o rk Stoppages Involving 10,000 or M ore W orkers Beginning in 1961:—-Continued
Establishment^ s)
and location
A p p rox i
m ate
number of
w ork ers
_____ involved 2
Union( s)
2
involved
June 16—
Continued
Maj o r term s of settlem ent
3
M asters, M ates and P ilots and A m e r i,£an_fiadi.o A ssocia tion (East and Gulf C oast
com p a n ies): 4-year con tra cts p rovid ed fo r
sam e p ercen tage in c r e a se s in w ages as
NMU con tra ct (A R A rates w ere in crea sed
by $10 a m onth b e fo r e application of the
percentage in c r e a s e s ); com pany contribu
tions to the unions' w elfa re and pension
fund i n c r e a s e d by $ 1 .1 5 a m an-day;
M MP vacations w ere in crea sed fro m 70 to
90 days annually after 1 year of s e r v ice
in the industry; no change was m ade in
vacation schedules fo r A R A personnel.
Sim ilar agreem en ts reached with 2 other
em ployer groups operating fr o m South
Atlantic and Gulf p orts.
M asters, M ates and P ilo ts (Tanker
com p an ies): 4 -y e a r agreem en t c a l l e d
fo r a 4 -p e rce n t in cre a se in b a sic wages
and other earnings re tro a ctiv e to June 15,
an additional 2V4 -p e rce n t in cre a se e ffe c
tive on that date in each o f the follow ing
3 y e a rs; im proved p ensions and w elfa re
ben efits and an additional fourth m ate on
d e e p -se a tankers operated by the M ilitary
Sea T ransportation S ervice under charter
to private com panies.
M arine E ngineers' B en eficia l A s s o c ia
tion (M ajor East C oast C argo, P assen ger
and Tanker com panies)! 3-y e a r contracts
provid ed im proved pension, vacation, and
w elfa re p rov isio n s. Maximum in crea ses
of 3V2 p ercen t to be allocated to either
wages or frin g e ben efits, to be effective
in both 1962 and 1963.
Sim ilar a g r e e
m ent reached with the P a c ific M aritim e
A ssocia tion . M ost o f the d ry -ca rg o o p era
to rs granted the right to organize their
fo r e ig n -fla g v e s s e l s ; agreem ents with
tanker com pan ies ca lled fo r the estab
lishm ent o f a union-m anagem ent com m it
tee to study the issu e fo r 18 months.
S ea fa rers' International U n i o n : A lthough S eafa rers w ere involved in the
strike, m o st o f their con tra cts did not
expire until Septem ber 1961.
June 21
1
Sept. 6
20
New Y ork Shipping A s s o
ciation, P o rt o f New
York; New Y ork and
New J e rse y .
International
L on g sh ore
m e n 's
A ssociation .
G eneral M otors C o r p .,
Interstate (94 plants in
17 S tates).
United A uto
m obile
W ork ers.
See footnotes at end of table,
25,000
W o r k e r s returned w i t h o u t fo rm a l
agreem ent after a 1-day p rotest against
the Seam en's strike.
239,000
The stoppage involved a number of
con tra ct issu es at the plant and company
lev el, m ainly o f a non econom ic character*
such as r e lie f p erio d s, p roduction stand
ard s, and ru les relating to plant r e p r e
sentation. G eneral wage and supplem en
tary benefit issu es under the new m aster
agreem en t had been agreed upon p rio r
to the stoppage. 7
22
Table 13.
A p p rox i
m ate
Beginning
duration
date
(calen dar
d a y s)1
W o rk Stoppages Involving 10,000 or M ore W orkers Beginning in 1961— Continued
E stablish m en t s)
and location
Union( s)
involved 1
2
A p p rox i
m ate
number of
w ork ers
involved 2
18, 000
Oct. 1
8 33
C aterpillar T ra ctor C o ., United A uto
A urora, D ecatur, and
m obile
P e o ria , 111. ; York, Pa.;
W orkers.
and Davenport, Iowa.
Oct. 3
9 19
F ord M otor Co.
(24 States)
United A uto
m otive
W orkers.
Nov. 1
24
C onstruction industry,
Houston, Tex.
International
Hod C a r r ie r s ',
Building and
Common
L a b o re rs'
Union.
15, 000
Am algam ated
M eat Cutters
and Butcher
W orkm en of
North A m erica.
14, 000
Dec. 1
The G reat Atlantic and
P a c ific Tea C o ., Inc. ;
A m e rica n S tores Co. ;
and F ood F air Stores,
I n c ., Delaware,
southern New J e rse y ,
and eastern
Penn sylvania.
9 116,000
M ajor term s of settlem en t3
9
8
7
6
5
4
3 -y ea r con tra ct p roviding annual wage
in c r e a se s ranging fr o m 6 to 9 cents an
hour depending on rates of pay, with the
fir s t in cre a se retroa ctiv e to O ctober 2,
1961; continuation o f esca la tor clause;
1 cent of the 18 -cen t c o s t-o f-liv in g a l
low an ces diverted to help pay im proved
pe n s i o n and h os p ita l-su rg ica l ben efits;
im proved p ension plan fo r em ployees r e
tiring after January 1, 1962, including
establishm ent o f su rvivorsh ip option s im
ila r to A m erica n M otors, paid-up life in
surance and option to continue h osp italsu rg ica l insurance.
The con tra ct a lso
ca lled fo r the com pany to assum e full
c o s t o f im proved h o s p ita l-su rg ica l in su r
ance fo r a ll em p loy ees; im proved co n
tributory life insurance and sick n ess and
a cciden t ben efits; im proved SUB, includ
ing in crea sed separation pay, amount and
extent o f w eekly ben efits, short w ork
week ben efits, and m oving allow ances,
sim ila r to A m erica n M otors; in creased
n igh t-shift d ifferen tial; and supplem en
tary ju ry-du ty pay.
See G eneral M otors C o r p .10
20-m onth con tra ct p roviding two 10cen t-an -h ou r in c r e a se s (e ffe ctiv e N ovem
b er 27, 1961, and N ovem ber 27, 1962),
bringing rates to $2. 30 an hour in 1962.
Demands fo r ex clu siv e hiring hall w ere
dropped after the cou rt ruled it would
v iolate the Texas rig h t-to -w o rk law, but
the con tra ct included a contractors* c o
operation clause, allow ing the con tra ctors
to h ire fr o m any sou rce, but the union
w ill have equal opportunity to fu rn ish the
em ployees.
27-m onth con tra ct p r o v i d i n g fo r a
$ 6 -a -w e e k in cre a se im m ediately and an
additional $5 a w eek in 15 m onths.
The
con tra ct a lso provided a lib era liz ed v a c a
tion plan and overtim e pay fo r w orking
m o re than 1 evening a week. Perm anent
com m ittee established to d eterm in e the
amount of m eat a butcher would be ex
pected to p r o c e s s in 1 night.
1 Includes nonworkdays, such as Saturdays, Sundays, and established holidays.
2 The unions listed a re those d ire c tly involved in the dispute, but the number of w ork ers involved m ay in
clude m em b ers of other unions or nonunion w ork ers idled by disputes in the sam e establishm ents.
Number o f w o rk e rs involved is the m axim um number m ade idle fo r 1 shift or longer in establishm ents d i
re ctly involved in a stoppage.
This fig u re does not m easu re the in d irect or second ary e ffects on other estab
lishm ents or industries whose em ployees a re made idle as a resu lt o f m a teria l o r s e r v ice shortages.
3 Adapted la rg e ly fr o m Current Wage D evelopm ents, published m onthly by the Bureau of L abor S tatistics.
4 P ick et lines w ere establish ed at ra ilroa d term inals and ra ilroa d operating em ployees w ere idled in 10 States.
5 W estern A ir lin e s, Inc. d isch arged the engineers and rep la ced them with p ilot qualified engin eers; lim ited
s e r v ice was resum ed in M arch.
6 E stim ates in the p r e s s of the number of w ork ers idle ranged fr o m 20, 000 to 70, 000.
However, after ex
tensive checking with e m p loy ers, unions, and State and F ederal agen cies rela tiv e to the number o f v e s s e ls in port
during the strike, the average number o f crew m en p er v e sse l, and the p ercen t of union m em bersh ip unemployed,
the Bureau estim ated the number idle at about 25, 000.
7 See Current Wage D evelopm ents, O ctober 1, 1961, for details o f G eneral M otors settlem ent.
8 E m ployees returned to w ork O ctober 12, but walked out again O ctober 29.
9 National agreem en t was reached O ctober 11 and m ost w ork ers returned to w ork by O ctober 16; a few
thousand w ere idle through O ctober 21.
10 See Current Wage Developm ents, N ovem ber 1, 1961, fo r details of F ord settlem ent.
23
Table 14.
W o rk Stoppages by Duration and Contract Status Ending in 1961
Stoppages
W orkers involved
M an-days id le
Duration and contract status
Number
P ercen t
Number
A ll stoppages --------------------------------------------
3, 324
100.0
1,4 40,0 00
100.0
15,600 ,000
100.0
i ,,.T
2 to 3 days ________________________________
4 to 6 days ________________________________
7 to 14 days ---------------------------------------------15 to 29 days ______________________________
30 to 59 days ______________________________
60 to 89 days ______________________________
90 days and ov e r _________________________
388
558
454
642
526
416
149
191
11.7
16.8
13.7
19.3
15.6
12.5
4.5
5.7
152,000
136,000
106,000
289,000
525,000
165,000
44,100
25,100
10.6
9.4
7.4
20.0
36.4
11.4
3.1
1.7
152,000
283,000
355,000
1,,82 0,00 0
5,,06 0,00 0
4,,0 0 0 ,0 0 0
1,,95 0,00 0
2,,04 0,00 0
1.0
1.8
2.3
11.6
32.3
25.5
12.5
13.0
N egotiation o f fir s t agreem ent or
union recog n ition _______________________
1 day __________________________________
2 to 3 days _____________________________
4 to 6 days _____________________________
7 to 14 days ___________________________
15 to 29 days __________________________
30 to 59 days __________________________
60 to 89 days ____________________ ______
90 days and o v e r -------------------------------
505
29
52
42
94
77
92
40
79
15.2
.9
1.6
1.3
2.8
2.3
2.8
1.2
2.4
35,900
2, 640
4, 020
2, 130
5,470
6, 320
7,7 20
2,980
4, 590
2.5
.2
.3
.2
.4
.4
.5
.2
.3
945,000
2, 640
6,9 30
7, 140
40,500
86,700
204,000
148,000
449, 000
6.0
R enegotiation o f agreem ent
(expiration o r reopening) ----------------------1 day ___________________________________
2 to 3 days _____________________________
4 to 6 days _________________________ __
7 to 14 days ______ ___________________
15 to 29 days __________________________
30 to 59 days __________________________
60 to 89 days ---------------------------------------90 days and o v er ----------------------------------
1,476
72
148
166
320
344
259
87
80
44.4
2.2
4.4
5.0
9.6
10.3
7.8
2.6
2.4
1 ,0 10,0 00
67,600
42,200
48,900
149,000
500,000
148,000
37,900
18,300
70.2
4.7
2.9
3.4
10.4
34.7
10.3
2.6
1.3
12,,70 0,00 0
67,600
82,200
177,000
1, 070,000
4, 740,000
3, 580,000
1, 600,000
1, 370,000
81.5
.4
.5
1.1
6.9
30.3
22.9
10.6
8.8
During term o f agreem ent (negotiation
o f new agreem ent not involved) ________
1 day _____________________ ____________
2 to 3 days -------------------------------------------4 to 6 days -------------------------------------------7 to 14 days ___________________________
15 to 29 days ---------------------------------------30 to 59 days ---------------------------------------60 to 89 days __________________________
90 days and o v er ----------------------------------
1,073
245
302
214
177
70
37
13
15
32.3
7.4
9.1
6.4
5.3
2.1
1.1
.4
.5
375,000
78,900
82,500
54,100
131,000
17,000
6,8 80
3, 000
1, 370
26.0
5.5
5.7
3.7
9.1
1.2
.5
.2
.1
1, 680,000
79,000
178,000
167,000
684,000
214,000
163,000
126,000
74,300
10.8
.5
1.1
1.1
4.4
1.4
1.0
.8
.5
No con tra ct, o r other con tra ct s t a t u s -----1 day __________________________________
2 to 3 days
.. ___
4 to 6 days -------------------------------------------7 to 14 days ----------------------------------------15 to 29 days __________________________
30 to 59 days _________________________
60 to 89 days ---------------------------------------90 days and o v er ______________________
56
11
20
5
8
5
2
2
3
1.7
.3
.6
.2
.2
.2
.1
.1
.1
7,6 20
840
4, 680
110
1,020
670
40
30
230
.5
.1
.3
51,600
840
11,000
430
6,4 40
8,8 30
1,000
1, 360
21, 700
No inform ation on con tra ct status _______
1 day __________________________________
2 to 3 days _____________________________
4 to 6 days -------------------------------------------7 to 14 days ----- ------------------------ -----15 to 29 days ---------------------------------------30 to 59 days ---------------------------------------60 to 89 days __________________________
90 days and over ______________________
214
31
36
27
43
30
26
7
14
6.4
.9
1.1
.8
1.3
.9
.8
.2
.4
11, 300
2, 210
2, 590
1, 140
1,960
870
1,830
180
570
1 L ess than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
P ercen t
(*)
.1
(?)
< )
( >
C)
.8
.2
.2
.1
.1
.1
.1
(?)
( )
Number
218, 000
2, 210
5,080
3,620
13,800
12,400
53,100
9,4 5 0
118,000
P ercen t
(M
( )
(M
.3
.6
1.3
.9
2.9
.3
(')
.1
(?)
(l )
.1
(?)
{')
.1
1.4
(J)
( )
(l )
.1
.1
.3
.1
.8
24
Table 15.
Mediation and Type o f Government Mediation in W ork Stoppages by Contract Status Ending in 1961
Stoppages
M ediation, type o f governm ent
m ediation, and con tra ct status
Number
W orkers involved
P ercen t
of
total
Number
P ercen t
of
total
M an-days idle
Number
P e rce n t
of
total
A ll stoppages ---------------------------------------Governm ent m e d ia tio n 1
______
F ed eral ____________________________
State ...._________ ______________ __ _
F ed era l and State m ediation
com bined _____________ _________ _
O th er_____________ _________________
P riv ate m ediation -----------------------------No m ediation reported
------------------
3, 324
1,474
1,056
210
100. 0
44. 3
31. 8
6. 3
1 ,4 4 0 ,0 0 0
1 ,0 9 0 ,0 0 0
87 9,000
24 ,700
100. 0
75. 2
60 .9
1.7
15 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0
13,300, 000
10 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0
313,000
100. 0
8 5 .2
67. 1
2. 0
190
18
19
1,831
5 .7
.5
.6
55. 1
128,000
53,400
5,4 9 0
352,000
8 .9
3. 7
.4
2 4 .4
2 ,1 1 0 ,0 0 0
414,00 0
33,300
2 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0
13.5
2 .6
.2
14.6
Negotiation o f fir s t agreem en t ---- ------Governm ent m ediation ----------------------F ed eral ----------------- ----------------------State ------------------ ------------------- —
F ed era l and State m ediation
com bined _______ _______ _
---O t h e r ........................ ..........................
P rivate m ediation
--------------- —
No m ediation reported ___________ —
505
177
127
40
15. 2
5. 3
3. 8
1. 2
35,900
17,900
13,000
2,8 10
2. 5
1.2
.9
.2
945,00 0
583,000
517,000
35,700
6.
3.
3.
.
10
_
1
327
.3
2)
(1
9 .8
2, 100
70
17,800
. 1
(2)
1.2
30,700
260
362,000
.2
(2)
2. 3
1,476
1, 110
800
130
4 4 .4
3 3 .4
24. 1
3 .9
1 ,0 1 0 ,0 0 0
945,000
756,000
16,600
70. 2
65. 5
5 2 .4
1.2
12 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0
12 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0
9 ,3 0 0 ,0 0 0
237,000
81. 5
7 6 .5
59 .5
1. 5
166
14
6
360
5 .0
.4
.2
10. 8
120,000
51,900
1, 190
67,100
8. 3
3 .6
. 1
4 .6
2 ,0 2 0 ,0 0 0
403,00 0
18,000
767,000
12.9
2 .6
. 1
4 .9
1,073
121
75
31
32. 3
3 .6
2. 3
.9
375,000
119,000
108,000
4 ,7 9 0
26.
8.
7.
.
0
3
5
3
1 ,6 8 0 ,0 0 0
644,000
571,000
35., 100
10. 8
4. 1
3 .6
.2
11
4
12
940
.3
. 1
.4
28. 3
5,3 30
1,540
4 ,2 3 0
251,000
.4
.1
.3
17.4
26 ,900
11,400
15,000
1 ,0 2 0 ,0 0 0
.2
. 1
.1
6. 5
No con tra ct, o r other con tra ct sta tu s ___
Governm ent m ediation ----------------------F e d e ra l ------------------------- -------------State ------- ---------------------- ----------F ed eral and State m ediation
com bined _________________________
Other -------------- ----------------------------P riv ate m ediation ----------------- ----------No m ediation reported _____________
56
4
1
2
1. 7
. 1
(2)
.1
7,6 2 0
290
50
60
.5
(*)
(*)
(2)
51,600
20,800
140
3,260
.3
.1
<*)
(2)
1
52
(2)
180
7, 330
(2)
1 .6
.5
17,400
30,800
. 1
.2
No inform ation on con tra ct sta tu s ----------Governm ent m ediation ----------------------F ed era l
..
State
_______________r_____ , ___
_
F e d e ra l and State m ediation
com bined -------------------------------------Other -------- ------------------- ------------P riv ate m ediation -----------------------------No m ediation reported -----------------------
214
62
53
7
6 .4
1.9
1.6
.2
11,300
2 ,7 1 0
2 ,2 0 0
350
.8
.2
.2
(2)
218,00 0
121,000
107,000
1,420
1 .4
.8
.7
(2)
2
152
. 1
4 .6
170
8,6 3 0
(2)
12,000
•97 ,100
.1
-
R enegotiation o f agreem ent
(expiration o r reopening) ______________
G overnm ent m ediation ----------------------F e d e ra l ____________________________
State ____________-__________ __ _____
F ed era l and State m ediation
com bined ______________ — _ —
Other ________________ __________
P riv ate m ediation -----------------------------No m ediation reported ----------------------During term o f agreem ent (negotiation
o f new agreem en t not in v o lv e d )------------G overnm ent m ediation -------------------F e d e r a l __________________________
State -----------------------------------------------F ed era l and State m ediation
com bined _________________________
Other -------------------------------------------P riv ate m ediation --------------------------No m ediation reported -----------------------
.6
1 Includes 6 stoppages involving 1, 710 w ork ers in which private m ediation was a lso involved.
2 L ess than 0. 05 p ercen t.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
0
7
3
2
-
.6
25
Table 16. Settlement of Stoppages by Contract Status Ending in 1961
Stoppages
M an-days idle
W orkers involved
Contract status and settlem ent
Number
P ercen t
Number
P ercen t
Number
P ercen t
3,3 24
2,918
100.0
87,8
1 ,4 4 0 ,0 0 0
1 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0
100.0
89.0
15,600, 000
13 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0
100.0
88.7
356
37
13
10.7
1.1
.4
155,000
1,850
1,290
10.7
.1
.1
1,6 50, 000
66, 800
40, 900
10.6
.4
.3
Negotiation o f fir s t agreem en t o r
union recog n ition
__ __ __ — ____ __
Settlem ent r e a c h e d ---- --------- — — —
No fo rm a l s e t tle m e n t _______ —-----------E m p loyer out of bu siness --- ------- —
Insufficient inform ation to c la s s ify —
505
357
135
10
3
15.2
10.7
4.1
.3
.1
35,900
28,000
7,320
360
220
2.5
1.9
.5
(J)
(l )
945,000
593,000
318,000
8,980
25, 500
6.0
3.8
2.0
.1
.2
R enegotiation of agreem ent (expiration
o r reopening) _ __ __ _ — — __
—
Settlem ent r e a c h e d ------------------------ .---No form a l settlem ent _ — __ — _
E m p loyer out of bu siness ------------- ---Insufficient inform ation to c la s s ify —
1,476
1,390
71
13
2
44.4
41.8
2.1
.4
.1
1 ,0 10,0 00
971,000
41, 100
760
120
70.2
67.3
2.9
.1
( 1)
12,700, 000
11,900, 000
774,000
25,300
4, 640
81.5
76.3
4.9
.2
During term of agreem ent (negotiation
of new agreem ent not in v o lv e d )-----------Settlem ent r e a c h e d ___________________
No fo rm a l settlem ent _ __ _ __
E m p loyer out of bu siness -----------------Insufficient inform ation to c l a s s i f y __
1,073
965
96
11
1
32.3
29.0
2.9
.3
26.0
18.8
7.2
{')
375,000
271,000
103,000
670
50
(l )
1,680, 000
1,1 5 0 ,0 0 0
49 4,000
30,100
8,460
10.8
7.4
3.2
.2
.1
No con tra ct, o r other con tra ct s t a t u s ---Settlem ent reached
No fo r m a l settlem ent . . .
_ __ _ __
Insufficient inform ation to c la s s ify —
56
34
18
4
1.7
1.0
.5
.1
7,620
4,9 2 0
1,850
850
.5
.3
.1
.1
51,600
37,200
12,400
2, 000
.3
.2
.1
No inform ation on con tra ct s t a t u s -------- Settlement r e a c h e d ---- --------- __ __ __
No form a l s e ttle m e n t_________ _______
E m ployer out of bu siness -----------------Insufficient inform ation to c la s s ify —
214
172
36
3
3
6.4
5.2
1.1
.1
.1
11,300
9,670
1,560
50
50
.8
.7
.1
(?)
218,000
158,000
57,100
2,420
310
Settlement r e a c h e d ___________________
No fo rm a l settlem ent— w ork resum ed
(with old or new w o r k e r s ) __________
E m ployer out of bu siness ____________
Insufficient inform ation to c l a s s i f y __
1 L e ss than 0.05 p ercen t
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
n
(M
(M
1.4
1.0
.4
(!)
(*)
26
Table 17.
Procedure: for H andling U nsettled Issues in W ork Stoppages by Contract Status Ending in 196l|
W orkers involved
Stoppages
P ro ce d u re fo r handling unsettled
issu es and con tra ct status
M an-days idle
P ercen t
Number
P ercen t
A ll stoppages c o v e r e d 1 _________________
A rbitration
____________ ___ - ---D ire ct n e g o t ia t io n s __________ _________
R e fe r r a l to a governm ent agency ____
Other m eans
__ __ _ — — —
528
110
130
59
229
100.0
20.8
24.6
11.2
43.4
278,000
60 ,200
75,700
29,300
112,000
100.0
21.7
27.3
10.5
40.5
2 ,0 5 0 ,0 0 0
455,000
704,000
353,000
541,000
100.0
22.2
34.3
17.2
26.4
N egotiation of fir s t agreem ent or
union recog n ition ______________________
A rbitr ati on
_________ ______________
D ire ct negotiations ----------------------------R e fe r r a l to a governm ent a g e n c y ____
Other m eans __________ ..._____________
61
11
17
31
2
11.6
2.1
3.2
5.9
.4
2, 870
390
1, 500
810
170
1.0
.1
.5
.3
.1
60,000
8, 140
30,200
21,200
420
2.9
.4
1.5
1.0
(1
2)
R enegotiation of agreem ent
(expiration or r e o p e n in g )______________
A rbitration ,L „ .___ ,_______ ________ .
D ire ct negotiations ___________________
R e fe r r a l to a governm ent a g e n c y -----Other m eans ________ ___ - __
110
39
57
12
2
20.8
7.4
10.8
2.3
.4
144,000
4 0 ,200
56,000
24 ,600
23,000
51.8
14.5
20.2
8.9
8.3
1,420, 000
363,000
613,000
312,000
137,000
69.4
17.7
29.8
15.2
6.7
During term of agreem ent (negotiation
of new agreem ent not involved) -----------A rbitration
__ . ____ . . . . . —
D ire ct negotiations . ---- ------- . —
R e fe r r a l to a government, a g e n c y ____
Other m eans __ .
. . . — --------
331
56
50
9
216
62.7
10.6
9.5
1.7
40.9
129,000
19,400
17,800
3, 570
88,500
46.6
7.0
6.4
1.3
31.9
548,000
81, 900
60,400
5, 550
400,000
26.7
4.0
2.9
.3
19.5
No contract, o r other con tra ct s t a t u s ___
A r bitr ati on
— __ , _______________ T
D ire ct n e g o t ia t io n s _________ __ _______
R e fe r r a l to a governm ent a g e n c y -----Other m eans __________________________
4
.8
.6
.2
“
340
.1
1, 180
330
10
“
.1
(2)
“
720
460
“
.1
(?)
(2)
No inform ation on contract status ______
A r bitr ati on
D ire ct n e g o t ia t io n s ----------------------------R e fe r r a l to a governm ent a g e n c y -----Other m eans _ . ---. — — --------
22
4
3
4.2
.8
1, 300
140
6
.6
no
1.1
9
1.7
290
760
.5
(2)
(2)
20,000
1,880
160
13, 600
4, 400
-
3
1
~
-
-
.1
.3
Number
P ercen t
Number
-
1.0
.1
(2)
.7
.2
1 E xclu des stoppages on which there was no inform ation on issu es unsettled or no agreem ent on p roced u re fo r
handling.
2 L e ss than 0.05 percent.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
27
Appendix A: Tables— Work Stoppages
Table A-l. W ork Stoppages by Industry, 1961
Stoppages beginning
Industry
Number
A ll industries ----Manufacturing
Prim ary metal industries -----------------Blast furnaces, steel works, and
rolling and finishing m i l l s ----------Iron and steel fou n d ries----------------P rim ary sm elting and refining of
nonferrous metals ----------------------Secondary smelting and refining of
nonferrous metals and a llo y s -----Rolling, drawing and extruding of
nonferrous m etals ----------------------Nonferrous foundries —-----------------M iscellaneous prim ary m etal
industries ----------------------------------Fabricated metal products, except
ordnance, m achinery, and trans
portation equipment -------------------------Metal cans -------------------------------------Cutlery, handtools, and general
hardware _________________________
Heating apparatus (except electric)
and plumbing f i x t u r e s -----------------Fabricated structural m etal
products __________________________
Screw machine products, and bolts,
nuts, s c rew s, rivets, and
Metal stam pings-----------------------------Coating, engraving, and allied
services ----------------------------- ---------M iscellaneous fabricated w ire
products --------------------------------------M iscellaneous fabricated metal
products --------------------------------------Ordnance and a ccessories -----------Ammunition, except for
sm all arms --------------------------Tanks and tank components __
_
Sighting and fire control
equipment ____________________
Small arm s am m unition----------E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and
su p p lies----------------------------------------------E lectric transm ission and d is
tribution equipm ent______________ E lectrical industrial apparatus , ___
_
Household appliances ---------------------E lectric lighting and wiring
equipment ________________________ _
Radio and television receiving sets,
except communication types ______
Communication equipm ent__________
E lectronic components and
a c c e s s o r ie s ______________1________
M iscellaneous electrica l machinery,
equipment, and supplies --------------Machinery, except e le c t r ic a l_________ —
Engines and tu rbin es________________
Farm machinery and equ ipm en t____
Construction, mining, and m ate
rials handling m achinery and
equipment _________________________
Metalworking machinery and
equipment _______________________ _
Special industry machinery, except
metalworking m ach in ery__________
General industrial machinery
and equipm ent_____________________
O ffice, computing, and accounting
machines ___________________________
Service industry machines __________
M iscellaneous m achinery, except
Workers
involved
13,367 1,450,000
111,677
897,000
16,300,000
9, 780,000
1126
74,400
665,000
39
31
32,100
16,000
224,000
162,000
8
6, 110
78,300
1
20
20
19
13,100
13
3,890
1191
7
96,600
2,060
16
18,800
14
3,420
76
18,100
11
22
1,390
43,900
12
470
8
1,370
32
7, 040
6
6, 160
2
230
1,980
2
3,910
50
1
M l4
67, 100
30
16
12
6, 710
4,230
4,840
27
8,570
£
9
6,450
4, 290
9
4,860
11
27,100
1176
10
13
89,100
11,600
3,840
30
26,300
24
9,860
28
3,840
39
20,400
5
20
1,560
5,530
18
See footnote at end of table.
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
6,100
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Industry
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
Manufacturing— Continued
Transportation equipment______________
M otor vehicles and m otor vehicle
equipment
A ircraft and parts —_______________ _
Ship and boat building and
repairing
Railroad equipment . .. _
_
M otorcycles, b icycle s, and parts ___
M iscellaneous transportation
equipment.
2,040 Lumber and wood products, except
furniture
_ _
. __
.
.
123,000
Logging camps and logging
17,500
contractors ___________________
Sawmills and planing m i l l s ______ ___
58,200
M ill work, veneer, plywood, and
prefabricated structural
wood products
Wooden c o n ta in e rs__ ________ __
M iscellaneous wood p r o d u c ts ____ __
1, 130,000
31, 800
Furniture and fixtures
_
Household furniture _______________ _
88,500
O ffice furniture
Public building and related
112,000
fu rn itu re__________
___ ___
Partitions, shelving, lock ers,
295,000
and office and store fixtures
M iscellaneous furniture and
fixtures — _
22, 000
—
-—
- ------------390,000
10,400 Stone, clay, and glass produ cts________
Flat glass ___________________________
Glass and glassw are, pressed
12,500
o r blown _ __________________________
Glass products, made of
168,000
purchased glass ___________________
Cement, hydraulic.
_
_
Structural clay products _____________
51,400
Pottery and related products _____ _
Concrete , gypsum, and plaster
6,900
products ____ _ __ _
39, 500
Cut stone and stone products _______ _
Abrasive, asbestos, and m is c e l
4,590
laneous nonmetallic m ineral
410
716,000 Textile m ill products
Broadwoven fabric m ills, m an
made fiber and s i lk ________________
82,400
Broadwoven fabric m ills, wool:
86, 600
Including dyeing and finishing_______
40, 300
Knitting m ills ________ ___________
Dyeing and finishing textiles, e x
130,000
cept wool fabrics and knit g o o d s ___
F loor covering m ills _ _________ _
36,400
Yarn and thread m ills
_
96, 900
M iscellaneous textile goods
46,500
196, qoo Apparel and other finished products
made from fabrics and sim ilar
m a te r ia ls _____________________________
M en's, youths', and b o y s' suits,
1,240,000
Coat ftj anri
___ __
105,000
M en's, youths', and b o y s' furnish
25,700
ings, work clothing, and allied
garments ___
W omen's, m is s e s ', and juniors*
380,000
outerwear ___
- - —
W om en's, m is s e s ', children's,
164,000
and infants* undergarments _______
Hats, caps, and m illin e r y ______
130,000
G ir ls ', children's, and infants*
outerwear _________________________
148,000
Fur goods __________________________
M iscellaneous apparel and
15,900
a c c e s s o r ie s ________________________
168,000
M iscellaneous fabricated textile
p r o d u c t .----------------------------------------98, 800
198
297,000
2, 500,000
62
14
272,000
2,440
2,240,000
35,600
12
6
1
6,910
2,590
680
124,000
10, 100
4,060
5
12,400
93,200
175
12,500
234,000
3
20
660
3, 770
14,900
96,100
31
10
12
5,860
1,560
620
89,500
26, 100
7, 650
1 70
52
6
12,500
8,000
1,390
256, 000
166, 000
47,500
400
12,800
9
2,290
24,300
3
380
5, 170
130
8
24,400
6,470
458,000
77,700
5
1,920
4, 240
6
5
21
10
250
830
3,570
2,070
3,030
4,880
99,300
32,000
56
4
7,510
200
168,000
5, 600
15
1,590
62, 900
35
5,970
39,100
3
150
350
1
10
140
710
860
12, 700
8
3
9
3, 600
440
350
580
12,200
2,300
1,400
9,280
112
15,100
146,000
4
1,470
19,500
7
2,060
11,100
67
7,030
83,500
4
3
530
1,320
1,860
6,140
6
4
180
50
7, 650
550
3
2, 070
12,400
14
370
3, 760
28
T able A -l.
W o rk Stoppages by Industry, 1961— C ontinued
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Industry
Number
Workers
involved
„
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
Manufacturing— Continued
, . .
in 1961
Industry
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
Manufacturing— Continued
25
3
480
50
1 6 ,9 0 0
60
870
62,100
130
1,050
5,370
177
41
22
80,000
24,200
20,400
589,000
179,000
130,000
18
12
20
6
4,870
3,580
3,540
1 1 ,1 0 0
28,600
41,000
30,400
15,400
7
37
2,240
7,870
13,500
108,000
14
2, 190
43,700
62
2
15,300
640
324,000
2 1 ,0 0 0
9
6
Paper and allied products __________
Pulp m ills ----------------------------------Paper m ills, except building
paper m ills ------------------------------Paperboard m ills -----------------------Converted paper and paperboard
products, except containers and
boxes —__________________________
Paperboard containers and
boxes —-------------------------------------Building paper and building
board m ills ____________________
30
2
Confectionery and related
products —--------------------------------------Beverage in d u strie s---------------------- —
M iscellaneous food preparations
and kindred p r o d u c ts -------------------—
70,400
1,510
1
17
1
Food and kindred products -------------------Meat p r o d u c ts _______________________
D airy p r o d u c ts ---------------------------------Canning and preserving fruits,
vegetables, and sea foods -------------Grain m ill products _________________
Bakery p r o d u c ts ------------------------------—
18,200
120
1
Leather and leather p r o d u c ts ------Leather tanning and finishing —
Industrial leather belting
and packing --------------------------Boot and shoe cut stock and
findings --------------------------------Footwear, except rubber -------Luggage -----------------------------------Handbags and other personal
leather g o o d s -------------------------
3, 120
2, 400
55,200
47,100
P rofessional, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks „
----------Engineering, laboratory, and s cie n
tific and research instruments
and associated equipm ent---------------Instruments fo r m easuring, con
trolling, and indicating physical
ch aracteristics __________________ _
Optical instruments and lenses -------Surgical, m edical, and dental
instruments and su p p lies--------------—
Photographic equipment and
supplies
--------------------------------------M iscellaneous manufacturing
industries ______ ______________________
Jewelry, silverw are, and plated
ware _______________________________
M usical instruments and p a r t s --------Toys, amusements, sporting and
athletic goods
____________________
Pens, pencils, and other office and
artists' m a te r ia ls --------------------------Costume jew elry, costume novel
ties, buttons, and m iscellaneous
notions, except preciou s m e ta l-___
M iscellaneous manufacturing
industries _________________________
119
12,500
170,000
2
8 ,9 8 0
93,000
11
1
2 ,9 6 0
40
46, 200
690
4
290
18,800
2
210
11,400
56
10,400
125,000
1
1
30
1,080
1,760
30,300
11
1,300
14,500
2
110
560
4
300
2,350
37
7,560
75,000
555,000 6 , 500, 000
18
Nonmanufacturing________________
1 1,694
A griculture, forestry, and fisheries —
31
10,900
80,600
Mining --------------------------------------------------—
Metal ________________________________
Anthracite __________________________
Bituminous coal and lignite --------- —
Crude petroleum and natural
gas ________________________________
Mining and quarrying of nonmetallic
m inerals, except fuels __________ _
154
14
5
117
37, 700
1 1 ,1 0 0
350
25,100
310,000
180,000
4, 170
90,700
824
217,000 3,490,000
243
9
2 1 1 ,0 0 0
24,300
1,710,000
1 6 9 ,0 0 0
56
17,800
291,000
105
31
6
2
18
14,900
57,800
77,600
260
9,350
153,000
359,000
515,000
4, 720
75,200
Petroleum refining and related
industries --------------------------------------Petroleum refining ----------------------Paving and roofing m aterials -----M iscellaneous products of
petroleum and coal -------------------Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics
products -----------------------------------------Tires and inner tubes ------------------Rubber fo o tw e a r __________________
Reclaim ed r u b b e r________________
Fabricated rubber products, not
elsewhere cla ssified _----------------M iscellaneous plastics products —1
2, 700
26,800
2
Chemicals and allied products -------------Industrial inorganic and organic
chem icals ------------------------------------ —
Plastics m aterials and synthetic
resin s, synthetic rubber, syn
thetic and other man-made fibers,
except glass ----------------------------------Drugs ________________________________
Soap, detergents and cleaning p rep
arations, perfum es, cosm etics,
and other toilet p re p a r a tio n s--------Paints, varnishes, lacquers,
enamels., and allied products —---- -Agricultural c h e m ic a ls -------------- ------M iscellaneous chem ical p r o d u c t s ----
161,000
25
Printing, publishing, and allied
industries ---------------------------------------- —
N ewspapers: Publishing, publishing
and printing ----------------------------------P eriod ica ls: Publishing, publishing
and printing -----------------------------------Books ---- -----------------------------------------C om m ercial p rin tin g ----------------------- Manifold business form s
manufactu r in g _____________________
Bookbinding and related
industries -------------------------------------Service industries fo r the printing
trade ----------------------------------------------
3, 620
2 , 800
13,400
50
8 , 850
93,500
10
2,230
31,300
Contract construction __________________
2
2
26
60
90
6, 260
2,720
1,360
51,800
3
40
2,280
3
50
1,610
Transportation, communication, e le c
tric, gas and sanitary s e r v ic e s ______
Railroad transportation____________ _
Local and suburban transit and
interurban passenger
transportation ____________________ _
M otor freight transportation
and w arehousing___ ______ . . . .
Water transportation _
Transportation by air _____________
Transportation services ____________
C om m unication_____________________
E lectric, gas and sanitary
se rvice s
___________________ ____
4
120
2, 390
94
14,100
441,000
25
5,000
255,000
1
90
5,830
17
1 ,0 2 0
29,300
16
9, 350
141,000
1308
185
124
62,400
24,600
37,900
716,000
238,000
478,000
16
8
4 010
1*500
86 600
12!700
W holesale and retail trade ____________
W holesale trade _____________________
Retail t r a d e ________________________ _
8
1,490
38,300
Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e ____
Insurance __________________________
Real e s ta te __________________________
4
1
3
230
70
160
3,000
1, 600
1,400
12
17
8
560
980
570
5,410
21,700
2 2 ,0 0 0
103
9,070
173,000
9
20
27
380
2,300
2 ,2 9 0
21,600
22,300
43,900
17
9
7
15,000
14,500
410
316,000
310,000
5 760
18
8
3
700
230
110
6 ,0 1 0
3,400
650
.
1
20
430
on
9
2
3
2 2 ,bOU
7 700
1,580
* 270
21b, 000
76 000
15,900
960
______________________________
Services —
Hotels, room ing houses, cam ps,
and other lodging places __________
P ersonal se rvices ---------------------------M iscellaneous business s e r v ic e s ___
Automobile repair, automobile
s e r v ic e s , and g a r a g e s _____________
M iscellaneous repair s e r v ic e s ______
Motion p ic tu r e s --------------------------------Amusement and recreation se rvice s,
except motion pictures ____________
M edical and other health se rvice s _ _
Educational services _______________
Museums, art galleries, botanical
and zoological gardens ____________
Nonprofit m em bership
organization
__ __________ __ __
8
3
2
1 ,9 1 0
320
220
39,500
25,000
3,820
1
130
4,390
4
490
2,580
20
31
8,270
4, 780
6 9 ,8 0 0
52,400
G overnm ent--------- ---------------- ------------Local government _____
__ _ „
28
28
6, 610
6,610
15,300
15,300
1
Stoppages extending into 2 or m ore industries or industry groups have been counted in each industry o r group affected; w orkers in
volved and m an-days idle w ere allocated to the respective industries.
NOTE: Because of rounding,
sums of individual items may not equal totals.
29
T able A -2.
W o rk S toppages by Industry G rou p and M ajor Issues, 1961
general wage chaages
<
Total
S.I.C.
code
(group
or
division)
Industry group
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Man-days
idle,
Worker*
involved
oS
stoppages)
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
Supplem
entary benefits
Man-days
idle,
. 1961
(all
stoppages)
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
A ll in d u s t r ie s -------------------------------
Mfg.
1 3, 367
1,450, 000
16, 300, 000
11, 359
483, 000
6, 520, 000
145
33, 200
458, 000
1 1. 677
Total
897, 000
9, 780, 000
1769
247, 000
3, 580, 000
83
25, 700
269, 000
51, 400
589, 000
39, 100
4
84
14
5, 560
47, 900
1,880
45, 700
412, 000
18,400
9
2
1, 030
140
19,900
_
250
19
20
21
22
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s -----------Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ---------Tobacco manufactures ...... -— ------
6
177
35
6, 160
80, 000
5, 970
23
24
Apparel, etc. 2------------------------------Lumber and wood products,
except furniture -----------------------Furniture and fix t u r e s -----------------Paper and allied p rod u cts-------------
112
15, 100
146, 000
26
3, 250
50, 000
10
3, 070
14, 800
75
70
62
12, 500
12, 500
15, 300
234, 000
256, 000
324, 000
44
39
23
4, 610
4, 640
4,840
85, 400
90, 700
96, 200
4
1
2
3, 020
100
410
46, 800
290
6, 770
25
26
27
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries ------------------------Chemicals and allied
products -------------------------»----------
28
Petroleum refining and
related industries ---------------------Rubber and m iscellaneous
29
30
31
32
Leather and leather products — ~
Stone, clay, and
glass p rod u cts---- —
------------ --------
33
34
35
36
Prim ary metal industries --------- Fabricated m etal products 3 --------Machinery, except e l e c t r ic a l------E lectrical m achinery, equip-
37
38
39
Transportation equipm ent-----------Instruments, etc. 5------------------------M iscellaneous manufacturing
in d u s t r ie s ----------------------------------
50
8,850
93, 500
17
3, 190
36, 000
8
2, 190
15,400
94
14, 100
441, 000
58
8, 150
277, 000
7
1, 790
37,700
17
15, 000
316, 000
10
4, 610
120, 000
-
-
-
65
25
22, 600
18,200
215, 000
70, 400
28
13
9, 680
16, 200
112, 000
55, 100
2
-
420
-
1, 390
-
130
24, 400
458, 000
69
12, 300
325, 000
6
1, 050
20, 400
126
191
176
74, 400
96,600
89,100
665, 000
1, 130, 000
1, 240, 000
39
112
81
10, 400
30, 500
38,000
144, 000
539, 000
669,000
6
4
10
1, 960
2, 370
4, 070
15, 500
9, 660
46, 600
114
A
Mining --------—
--------- —
-------- — ------Contract construction ---------- ------Transportation, communication,
electric, gas, and
sanitary s e r v ic e s --------------—
------Wholesale and retail
t r a d e ----------- -------------------------------
46
15, 100
189, 000
6
570
17,600
2, 500, 000
170, 000
26
11
10, 700
11, 100
191. 000
69, 400
4
-
3, 040
-
9, 520
-
56
10, 400
125, 000
35
4, 030
50, 200
2
490
6, 930
555, 000
6, 500, 000
1 593
237, 000
2, 940, 000
62
7, 510
189,000
31
154
824
10,900
37, 700
217, 000
80, 600
310, 000
3, 490, 000
6
16
222
8, 020
3, 240
105, 000
8,960
57, 200
1, 620, 000
4
31
620
3, 830
11, 600
93, 700
243
211, 000
1,710, 000
94
53, 200
588, 000
12
2, 450
70, 900
308
62, 400
716,000
180
55, 400
579, 000
14
600
12, 500
4
103
28
230
9, 070
6,610
3, 000
173, 000
15, 300
3
52
21
160
5, 330
5, 960
1, 400
77, 000
13, 600
1
10
20
Agriculture, forestry,
B
C
E
716, 000
297, 000
12, 500
*1, 694
Nonmfg.
67,100
98
19
F
G
H
I
Finance, insurance, and
real e s t a t e --------------------------------Services ---------------------------------------Governm ent----------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.
30
T able A -2.
W o rk Stoppages by Industry G rou p and M ajor Issues, 1961— C on tin ued
Hoars of work
W adjastmeata
age
S.I.C.
code
(group
or
division)
Industry group
Beginning
in 1961
Beginning
in 1961
Man-days
idle,
Other contractors! natters
Beginning
In 1961
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
Number
Workers
involved
stoppages)
Man-days
idle,
Number
M an u factu rin g---------------------
Mfg.
19
20
21
22
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s -------—
—
Food and kindred products —--------Tobacco manufactures -----------------Textile m ill products --------------
23
24
------------— --------Apparel, e t c .2 __—
Lumber and wood products,
except fu r n it u r e -------------------------Furniture and fix t u r e s -----------------Paper and allied products — .
25
26
27
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries ------ ----------------Chem icals and allied
p r o d u c t s ___
__
__
28
Petroleum refining and
related industries ----- ---- — --------Rubber and m iscellaneous
plastics products ----------------------Leather and leather products —
---Stone, clay, and
glass p r o d u c t s ---- ---------
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
fahriratoH matal prnHnrta 3
Machinery, except e le ctrica l — —
E lectrical m achinery, equip*
ment, and s u p p lie s ---------------------
l(M
stoppages)
154
AH industries_______ _____
Total
Workers
involved
46,800
823,000
6
1,800
4,710
26
2, 860
32,500
89
28,500
356,000
4
1,090
2,440
19
2,590
28,500
7
2
1, 300
30
2, 140
1,250
1
-
460
920
-
2
-
130
-
350
-
11
2,060
4, 900
7
580
2, 180
2
8
1
100
2,480
100
1,890
12,500
200
2
1
-
1,960
30
-
250
-
.
1
-
2
Number
200
600
350
-
“
-
-
-
-
1
4
2, 050
1,420
20,500
3,410
-
-
-
"
1
130
520
7,600
27,700
61,400
1
300
400
-
-
-
•
13
9
12
4, 580
1, 950
4, 270
-
Nonmfg.
Nonmanufacturing —
_
Agriculture, forestry,
and fisheries ____ _____ __
Mining ____________________________
Contract construction _ ____ - .
Transportation, communication,
e le ctric, gas, and
sanitary se rvices
—
—
----W holesale and retail
trade _______
—
- ------ .
A
B
C
E
F
Finance, insurance, and
real e s t a t e --------------------------------S e r v i c e s --------------------- — -------------G o v e rn m e n t---------------------------------
G
H
I
See footnotes at end of table.
-
-
1
1
700
60
4, 900
130
'
3
7
1,910
6,680
-
6
2
5, 380
500
118,000
86,600
-
-
-
-
2
Transportation equipm ent_________
Instruments, etc. 5 ---------------------—
M iscellaneous manufacturing
37
38
39
320
20
170
610
65
18,300
467,000
2
10
5
28
1, 620
1, 140
14,500
27, 100
4, 100
275,000
-
-
1
-
10
-
170
-
10
590
158,000
1
700
2, 100
9
340
2, 330
2
1
110
10
480
30
3, 020
"
2, 270
-
-
-
1
-
270
-
9, 280
-
j
_
710
60
460
6,660
7
270
3,950
-
-
-
1
20
300
-
-
-
2
160
2, 680
4
90
980
-
-
31
T a b le A -2.
W o rk Stoppages by Industry G rou p and M ajor Issues, 1961— C ontinued
Job security
Union organization and security
S.LC.
code
(group
or
division)
Industry group
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Man-days
idle,
Workers
involved
(all
stoppages)
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
Plant administration
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
A ll indu stries--------------------------------
1 518
92, 300
2, 390, 000
243
183, 000
1, 800, 000
462
503, 000
3, 630, 000
Manufacturing --------------------
241
28, 700
790, 000
150
66, 400
1, 010, 000
1 231
458, 000
3, 350, 000
19
20
21
22
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------Food and kindred products ---------T obacco m an u factures----------------Textile m ill products -------------------
1
20
4, 490
30, 700
16
4
100
1, 050
_
140
4, 720
2
8, 890
_
120
44, 800
_
360
1
26
_
7
510
8,860
_
3, 500
1, 190
47, 900
_
13, 400
23
24
Apparel, etc. 2------------------------------Lumber and wood products,
except fu r n it u r e ------------------------Furniture and fixtures ---------------Paper and allied p r o d u c t s -----------
27
1, 580
31, 900
8
490
10, 200
9
1,930
9, 020
11
6
7
540
650
490
32, 100
59, 600
25, 200
3
4
9
860
1, 670
4, 640
12, 800
63, 100
41, 700
8
6
15
2, 990
2, 160
2,820
39, 600
11, 500
13, 300
Total
Mfg.
25
26
27
Printing, publishing, and
allied in d u s tr ie s ------------------------Chemicals and allied
p rod u cts--------------------------------------
28
Petroleum refining and
related in d u s tr ie s ---------------------Rubber and m iscellaneous
plastics p r o d u c ts ----------------------Leather and leather p r o d u c ts ------Stone, clay, and
glass products ---------------------------
29
30
31
32
-
-
-
14
300
14, 500
2
410
11, 300
5
1, 470
11, 000
9
640
21, 800
7
1, 090
16, 900
8
1, 570
31, 000
3
430
27, 500
3
3, 730
156, 000
-
-
-
10
3
850
130
12, 800
8, 420
5
1
2, 720
30
30, 300
30
14
2
5, 370
260
29, 900
3, 150
16
1, 250
57, 800
14
3, 370
14, 300
15
5, 760
38, 700
33
34
35
36
Prim ary m etal industries ----------Fabricated metal products 3 --------Machinery, except electrical ------E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and supplies --------------------
15
26
28
4, 090
1,450
6, 150
74, 900
69,900
110, 000
18
12
16
5, 210
3, 540
9, 050
61, 600
20, 300
196, 000
30
20
23
40, 900
56, 100
24, 600
316, 000
448, 000
149, 000
15
1, 860
105, 000
11
5, 840
134, 000
24
41, 000
261, 000
37
38
39
Transportation equipment------------Instruments, etc. 5 ----------------------M iscellaneous manufacturing
industries ----------------------------------
12
3
2, 150
570
36, 900
6, 800
15
2
14, 300
270
190, 000
6, 660
27
1
258,000
40
1, 930, 000
700
11
4, 300
55, 000
2
190
2, 000
730
2, 940
Nonmanufacturing---------------
278
63, 600
1, 600, 000
93
116, 000
791, 000
231
44, 100
276, 000
15
16
113
1, 290
6, 730
50, 100
24, 200
145, 000
1, 260, 000
-
-
7, 650
1, 690
4 20, 400
20, 900
10, 000
-
33
25
63
86
16,400
11, 500
56, 800
74, 600
Nonmfg.
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
I
Agriculture, forestry,
and fis h e r i e s ---------------------------------M in in g --------------- — ---- -------------- Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ------------------Transportation, communication,
electric, gas, and
sanitary s e r v ic e s ----------------------W holesale and retail
trade ------------------------------------------Finance, insurance, and
real estate --------------------------------Services ---------------------------------------G overnm ent-----------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.
-
-
1
38
900
22, 200
23
105, 000
696, 000
45
13, 500
121, 000
60
1,880
67, 000
10
2, 370
42, 400
23
1, 110
9, 640
1
34
70
2, 590
20
1, 600
81, 900
20
-
-
2
50
-
1, 290
-
10
4
-
950
610
-
12, 400
1, 640
32
T able A -2.
W o rk Stoppages by Industry G rou p and M ajor Issues, 1961— C ontinued
Not reported
In ten sion or intrannion matters
Other working coed itlon s
S.I.C.
code
(group
or
division)
Industry group
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
A ll in d u s t r ie s -----------------------------
48
15, 200
M an u factu rin g-------------------
33
19
20
21
22
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ---------Food and kindred p ro d u cts---------Tobacco m anu factu res---------------Textile m ill p r o d u c t s -----------------
4
1
23
24
Apparel, etc. 2 ---------------------------Lumber and wood products,
except fu r n it u r e ----------------------Furniture and fixtures ---------------Paper and allied p ro d u cts-----------
Total
Mfg.
25
26
27
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries ----------------------Chemicals and allied
p r o d u c t s -----------------------------------
28
Petroleum refining and
related in d u s tr ie s --------------------Rubber and m iscellaneous
plastics p r o d u c t s ---------------------Leather and leather p r o d u c t s ----Stone, clay, and
glass p r o d u c t s --------------------------
29
30
31
32
Beginning
in 1961
Man-days
idle,
oS
stoppages)
Man-days
idle,
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
273, 000
42
3,680
14, 000
26, 200
74, 400
22
1, 500
4, 870
8
-
9,890
-
12, 800
-
3
150
290
Number
Workers
involved
333, 000
364
87, 700
11,600
311, 000
36
390
10
17, 000
350
*88
stoppages)
2
120
290
7
1, 700
22, 100
5
270
900
1
2
2
200
40
1,710
15, 200
2, 000
140, 000
2
1
-
150
400
-
430
12,800
-
1
1
10
70
1, 230
140
1, 020
4, 660
1
100
300
1
50
50
1
180
350
2
2
580
56,800
“
-
-
-
1
6, 180
12,800
-
2
-
710
-
2, 770
-
1
-
90
-
90
-
1
1
10
80
30
30
2
60
210
2, 250
2, 290
2, 250
440
2, 360
1
2
2
20
50
470
500
100
740
1
- 1
10
230
6
500
1, 550
33
34
35
36
P rim ary m etal indu stries----------Fabricated m etal products 3 -------Machinery, except e l e c t r ic a l----E lectrical m achinery, equip
ment, and su pplies--------------------
2
3
1
4, 760
610
140
41,800
11,800
1, 090
3
2
740
1, 600
3
110
760
-
-
-
37
38
39
Transportation equipm ent----------Instruments, etc. 5----------------------M iscellaneous manufacturing
in d u s tr ie s ----------------------------------
2
-
900
-
18, 300
-
4
-
2, 040
-
3, 020
-
1
-
180
-
180
-
■
”
2
30
200
"
”
Nonmanufacturing---------------
15
3,650
22, 400
328
61, 600
198,000
20
2, 180
9, 130
4
7
290
510
9, 080
6, 020
4
303
490
28, 200
1, 710
154, 000
8
8
1, 080
850
3, 040
5, 790
2
2, 760
6, 980
14
32, 400
40, 600
2
150
150
80
300
5
470
2, 160
2
100
150
120
20
-
-
-
-
Nonmfg.
Agriculture, forestry,
and f i s h e r i e s ----------------------------Mining ---- ---------------------------- --------Contract co n stru ctio n ------------------Transportation, communication,
ele ctric, gas, and
sanitary s e r v i c e s ---------------------W holesale and retail
trade ------------------------------------------
A
B
C
E
F
Finance, insurance, and
real e state------------ :--------------------S e r v ic e s ---------------------------------------G overn m en t----------------------------------
G
H
I
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
20
50
1
1
20
10
1 Stoppages affecting m ore than 1 industry group have been counted in each group affected; w orkers involved and m an-days idle w ere
allocated to the respective groups.
2 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and sim ilar m aterials.
3 Excludes ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment.
4 Idleness in 1961 resulting from stoppage that began in I960.
5 Includes professional, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clock s.
NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals.
33
T a b le A -3.
W o rk Stoppages in States H avin g 25 o r M ore Stoppages by Industry G rou p , 19611
Alabama
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Industry group
Arkansas
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
California
Man-days
idle during
1961 (aU
stoppages)
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (ah
stoppages)
u i y w
All industries ---- — — --------------— ---- --— --------
65
12,900
167,000
30
3. 480
43. 100
269
99,100
M anufacturing-------- — ----------------- ---------
28
6,580
108,000
12
1,880
31,600
116
48,600
649,000
4
500
9, 360
_
_
_
6
1,820
13,400
6
-
1, 340
-
27,300
-
-
-
-
12
1
6,480
1,980
77,500
39,500
1
1
5
50
650
2,640
3, 330
5,860
29,000
1
1
-
170
120
-
2,480
2, n o
-
5
6
8
4, 240
3, 370
14,300
42,800
30, 100
171,000
2
-
120
-
5,470
-
1
3
2
-
30
620
450
-
510
12,200
8,000
-
12
6
12
1
1,440
470
1,220
70
26, 500
5,470
55,500
1,960
3
.
1
4
.
1
150
280
640
220
1,540
830
24,200
i, n o
1
2
1
-
220
70
200
-
220
3,720
2, 400
-
1
24
3
2
9
3
7
50
9,010
210
190
750
130
2,000
150
113,000
690
1,420
35,600
1, 190
27,500
1
-
20
500
-
-
-
-
1
6
270
640
2, 400
3,590
37
6, 330
58,700
18
1,600
11,400
154
50,500
459,000
_
_
_
2,680
690
10,300
39,200
7, 160
,'3, 400
157, 000
134, 000
40
28,000
180
Prim ary m etal industries ---- ----- — ------— ----Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation
equipment -..T
.--------------------------------------------Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s .
E lectrical m achinery, equipment,
and s u p p lie s ---- ---------------------------— -----------Machinery, except electrica l —............. — ------Transportation equ ip m en t________ — ------------Lumber and wood products, except
fu rn itu re ----------------- — —— -------— ---------------Furniture and fixtures ----------- ---------------------Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s -------------------Textile m ill products — —— —
------------ ---- -— —
Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m a teria ls------------—
Leather and leather p r o d u c ts ----- ----- — ------Food and kindred produ cts_______— . . . ---- -— —
Tobacco m a n u fa c tu r e s ---------------------------------Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ----------------------------Printing, publishing, and allied industries ---Chem icals and allied products -------— ---- ------Petroleum refining and related industries
Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products..
P rofessiona l, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks —— — ----------- —
—
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries — ----
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
M in in g________ — -------- — -------— ------------------—
Contract con s tru ction --------- --------------------------Transportation, communication, electric,
gas, and sanitary s e r v ic e s ------------------ ------..
W holesale and retail t r a d e ..— — .........— ------S e r v i c e s --------------------- ---- -— .— .■■■■■-------— Government . . . ----- ---------- — ---- — —— — ----- —
!
16
7
20
4, 180
380
560
16,500
1,030
15
1,420
7,960
24
2
55
6
7
-
1, 320
440
-
27, 300
13, 200
-
1
2
-
30
150
-
100
3, 370
-
31
27
1
13
2
27, 000
8, 120
20
1,530
140
Connecticut
Colorado
—
Manufacturing
Prim ary m etal in d u s tr ie s _____ ____________
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
machinery, and transportation
equipment _
—
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s --- ------------------------E lectrical m achinery, equipment
and supplies
Machinery, except electrica l . . .
Transportation equipment
Lumber and wood products, except
furniture
Furniture and fixtures ______________________
Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s _____________
Textile m ill products
Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m aterials
Leather and leather p r o d u c ts _ '_________ ____
_
Food and kindred products
---_
T obacco manufactures
Paper and allied p r o d u c t s _____ __. .. ______ . .. .
Printing, publishing, and allied industries.—
.
Chem icals and allied products . .
Petroleum refining and related in d u strie s---Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products —
Professional, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries--------
....
... .
16,800
220,000
56
17, 900.
372,000
66
23,600
183, 000
5,690
47,800
22
4, 140
66,500
14
4, 080
25,600
2
70
1,250
.
_
_
-
-
-
3
-
800
-
14,100
-
1
-
20
-
500
-
2
3
1
70
1,500
40
850
27, 100
370
6
-
1,560
-
32,300
-
2
1
270
40
6,010
350
1
3
-
80
190
-
8, 100
.
620
-
1
-
100
-
1, 300
-
-
-
2 1, 780
-
3
-
3,860
-
3
330
50
-
-
-
1
2
1
1
1
3, 350
3, 350
4
10
460
10
50
320
180
1, 370
150
160
500
2
3
2
1
1
-
50
2, 350
1, 160
100
50
-
2,820
4,460
3,660
5,660
100
-
-
100
1,480
1
-
760
-
15,200
1
1
30
.
220
31
Nonmanufacturing Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
M in in g_________________ _____ . . . — ---- . . . . . __—
Contract con stru ction _____
Transportation, communication, e le ctric,
gas. and sanitary services
_
....
W holesale and retail trade
Finance, insurance, and real estate
Services
11,200
173, 000
34
13,800
306,000
52
19,500
157,000
_
21
_
_
_
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10,200
163,000
16
11, 000
276,000
35
2, 750
61, 800
6
2
1
720
no
130
6, 160
1,860
1, 250
10
5
2,520
120
_
26, 200
1, 480
9
5
_
16, 100
170
90, 700
3, n o
_
3
2,010
2
1
20
420
120
1,270
-
3j
-
See footnotes at end o f table.
Florida
49
18
A ll industries —
-
-
2,090
-
-
100
_
34
T a b le A -3.
W o rk Stoppages in States H avin g 25 o r M ore S toppages by Industry G rou p , 1961— C ontinued
Hawaii
Georgia
Illinois
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Industry group
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
Stoppages beginning
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
A ll industries --------------- -------------------------------
30
17,600
241,000
33
21,700
47,100
219
91,900
869,000
Manufacturing _________________________
13
7,900
101,000
15
11,300
18,200
111
69,700
706,000
P rim ary m etal industries ___________________
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment —
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ___________________
E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and
supplies
_
_________ ___ _
_____
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l------------------------Transportation equipment ---------- — ---------Lumber and wood products, except
fu r n it u r e __________________________________
Furniture and fix t u r e s _______________________
Stone, clay, and glass products ------------ ----Textile m ill products ______________________
Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m a t e r ia ls ----------Leather and leather products _______ ____
Food and kindred products __________________
Tobacco m anufactures------------------------------------Paper and allied products -----------------------------Printing, publishing, and allied in d u strie s__
Chemicals and allied products -------------------Petroleum refining and related in d u s trie s---Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products..
P rofession a l, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clock s -------M iscellaneous manufacturing in d u s t r ie s -------
_
_
_
_
_
.
17
6,250
98, 500
2
-
250
-
5,890
-
1
-
20
-
20
-
11
-
7,720
-
120,000
-
2
2
4
330
250
6,970
2, 180
2,600
88,100
-
-
-
11
19
9
3,660
25,500
3,490
75, 100
245,000
32,200
1
40
-
1
1
10
40
-
170
80
3
3
8
1
150
130
600
30
4, 090
1, 080
7, 320
950
Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e r ie s ________
M ining-------- ----------— —
Contract co n stru ction ________________________
Transportation, communication, e le ctric,
gas, and sanitary se rvice s --------------Wholesale and retail trade ------------------- --------Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e ________
Services ___ ________________________ _____ _
G o v e rn m e n t---------------------------------------------------
-
150
17,600
40
260
-
2
2
10
3
6
1
1
3
40
2,290
17,100
800
690
10
70
80
240
11,700
46, 600
-
-
“
“
2
1
1,080
40
14,100
200
9,650
140,' 000
20
10,400
28,900
108
22,200
163,000
_
_
2
7,840
7,840
1
16
47
40
4,530
6, 160
2, 130
17,800
77,100
14
18
1
7
4
6,630
4,360
70
290
110
37,600
25,400
1,600
420
880
1
1
-
20
50
-
1,310
540
-
-
-
17
_
-
-
-
-
10
1
1
-
-
-
-
.
11,200
40
40
-
-
-
-
-
5
7,800
124,000
4
540
3,660
7
3
1,710
110
15,600
290
600
“
8
2
4
■
1,530
150
300
9,860
300
7,280
-
2
-
30
~
-
-
-
-
Iowa
Indiana
26,900
7, 190
11,500
1,390
1,780
Kansas
-------------------------- ------- -
107
60,700
510,000
47
12,800
158,000
39
7,680
65,400
Manufacturing _________________________
71
54,500
476,000
21
8,040
83,400
10
5,650
50,900
P rim ary m etal industries ___________________
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment —
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s _________________ .
E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and
su p p lie s ____________________________________
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l----------------------------- ------ Transportation equipment
Lumber and wood products, except
furniture _______ - ------------------------------- Furniture and fix t u r e s --------------- . . . .
Stone, clay, and glass products ____ ____ Textile m ill products ________________________
Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m a t e r ia ls ----------Leather and leather products ----------------------Food and kindred products --------------- -----------Tobacco manufactures ----------- ----- -----------Paper and allied products ----------------------------Printing, publishing, and allied industries —
Chemicals and allied products ---------------------Petroleum refining and related in d u s trie s---Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products . .
P rofession a l, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and c lo c k s --------------------------M iscellaneous manufacturing in d u s tr ie s -------
15
4, 150
39,600
!
80
720
_
_
.
6
-
2, 580
-
11,700
-
1
-
150
-
12,500
-
-
-
-
4
8
8
20,300
4,280
16,700
180,000
11,600
113,000
2
9
1
1,280
1,540
50
4,700
16,500
410
1
2
390
3,020
3,880
2700
23,700
2
5
7
-
80
1, 510
960
-
6,600
15,400
35,700
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
1
4
70
980
-
-
-
-
-
3
A ll in d u s t r ie s ----
Nonmanufacturing ______
._ -------- -
Agriculture, forestry, and fis h e r ie s ------------Mining _______________________________________
Contract construction ----------------------------------Transportation, communication, ele ctric,
gas, and sanitary se rvices -----------------------Wholesale and retail trade ---------------------------Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e ---- --- .
Services _____________________________________
Government --------------------------------------------------See footnotes at end of table.
-
5
-
860
-
-
5,530
-
5,990
4
1
1
660
340
1,550
300
6,220
41,400
300
1
1
120
70
36
-
-
6
4, 560
-
-
1
50
-
-
2
-
50
-
-
3,270
-
-
-
1
1,690
13,500
2,220
810
-
-
-
-
-
-
6,260
33,800
26
4,790
74,900
29
2,040
14,500
_
6,660
14,800
.
15
_
6
14
_
1,500
2,720
-
-
4.410
69,200
19
950
6.960
8
4
1,090
840
7,230
2,840
3
6
no
250
590
4,900
5
5
550
530
4,270
3,260
-
-
40
80
1,660
680
3
1
-
1
1
10
10
-
-
3,960
350
-
-
-
190
-
1,400
530
-
350
-
-
-
22, 630
70
-
50
270
-
1
_
-
45,500
-
_
-
40
150
-
_
_
-
_
-
.
-
.
-
“
"
■
35
T a b le A -3.
W o rk Stoppages in States H avin g 25 o r M ore Stoppages by Industry G rou p , 1961— C ontinued
Kentucky
Stoppages beginning
Louisiana
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Maryland
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
Number
Leather and leather products — — — —
— —
Food and kindred products — —---------------------T obacco manufactures —
---------------- --------------Printing, publishing, and aUied
industries — — — --------— — —— — —
—
——
Petroleum refining and related industries —
Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products—
P rofession a l, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks — ---------------------—
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries —
Agriculture, forestry, and fish eries — . .. . —
M in ing----- — —
— — — —— ---- — — — — .
—
Contract construction — —— —
— — ...........—
Transportation, communication, electric,
gas, and sanitary services —— ----- -------------Finance, insurance, and real e s ta te ---- — -----Services — — — — — —
— — — — — — -— — —
Government
— —
—
——— —
119.000
34
5.840
207.000
46
14. 000
185.000
7.640
65.700
9
2. 240
149. 000
21
6.990
85. 500
3
2, 450
2,970
.
_
!
110
1, 240
2
-
310
-
8,830
-
l
-
50
-
420
-
5
-
1, 110
-
18,800
-
4
1
1
1, 350
300
1 ,9 0 0
1,600
9, 300
17, 100
1
1
90
60
340
530
1
1
1
220
10
2,960
220
780
22, 100
2
-
500
-
8, 600
-
1
-
50
-
4, 700
-
1
2
-
90
30
-
620
170
-
2
2
-
620
190
-
1,780
2 2, 850
12, 600
-
1
1
70
1, 580
70
137,000
2
2
-
350
330
-
16,100
410
-
1
r
-
-
-
-
20
no
860
-
-
-
-
-
“
49
M achinery, except electrica l — — — — —
—
Transportation equipment — — — ——
— —
—
Lumber and wood products,
except fu r n itu r e -------— — — — —
—
— —
---- —
— —
Furniture and fixtures — — — — —
Stone, clay, and glass products — ......... —— —
Textile m ill products ---------------------- ----- -------Apparel and other finished products made
15. 700
18
P rim ary m etal industries -----------------------------Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment—
Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s —
— — ———
—
—
E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
67
Industry group
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
-
-
2
1
-
320
40
-
910
2, 280
-
2
1
700
18,000
4, 900
-
-
-
2 2, 540
2
210
2, 170
8.020
53. 600
25
3. 590
58. 400
25
6.980
99.600
28
12
3, 870
3,010
_
25,700
22, 400
_
14
_
1,690
_
31, 200
_
16
_
3, 840
_
62, 900
5
2
1, 090
40
20
5, 090
220
200
7
3
1, 700
210
_
-
21, 900
5, 250
_
-
6
2
3, 100
30
10
36,000
650
_
20
-
2
-
-
31
-
-
1
-
Minnesota
Michigan
Massachusetts
-
134
E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and
s u p p lies ------ -------- ----------------- ----------- — — —
M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l------------------------Transportation equipment — --------— —----- —
—
—
Lumber and wood products, except
furniture — — —
——
— — — —— — —
— —
Furniture and f i x t u r e s ---------------------------------Textile m ill products ----------------- -----------------------Apparel and other finished products made
Leather and leather products — ---------— —— —
Food and kindred products ........................................
Tobacco m anufactures -----— - — ----- — ---------- —
Paper and allied products -----— ...................— — —
Printing, publishing, and allied industries —
Chemicals and allied products — — ------- -— ----Petroleum refining and related industries —
Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products—
P rofessiona l, scientific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks — ---------------- ------ . . .
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries —
412. 000
180
239.000
1.820.000
46
20.700
452. 000
25.400
284. 000
101
219.000
1.600.000
22
6. 690
63. 000
1
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
machinery, and transportation equipment—
44.500
80
50
200
9
19,400
167,000
1
50
190
5
1
1,940
510
22, 300
1, 190
19
-
29,500
-
202,000
-
2
1
130
50
1,430
410
9
7
3
1, 140
2, 330
1,620
12, 400
82, 800
19,400
7
17
22
14, 700
12, 200
138,000
76, 700
142, 000
928, 000
3
1
910
1, 520
7,910
13, 700
2
2
4
2
70
210
270
480
140
6, 430
1, 160
1,070
-
5
2
2
160
180
750
3,720
-
-
-
19
5
8
4, 470
9, 390
1,720
19,100
13,400
4, 160
-
-
-
4
1, 330
5, n o
-
2
2
2
-
3
3
-
54
-
1
2 2, 320
13, 600
110
-
-
-
30
180
480
37, 400
1
9
-
-
-
300
30
70
11,500
700
920
4
4
-
-
150
600
640
-
19.100
-
1,500
60
-
1
-
8
1,
-
-
310
1,050
220
930
5, 140
1,680
-
-
770
21,000
-
2
2
-
-
-
350
150
6, 470
970
-
-
-
1
4
40
130
700
2, 160
1
1
170
1,700
3, 700
18, 700
128.000
79
20.200
219,000
24
14, 000
389,000
.
86,700
------ —
——
Transportation, communication, electric,
gas, and sanitary services ------------- --------------W holesale and retail trade ---------------- —— — ----Finance, insurance, and real estate —------------
_
_
_
_
.
_
_
1
25
10
5,060
100
54, 200
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
16.600
169,000
9
11,000
273,000
13
11
8, 470
1 , 110
54, 600
13, 200
9
17
1, 720
1, 520
31,500
10, 200
5
8
1, 320
1,600
103, 000
11, 300
-
-
-
-
3
Agriculture, forestry, and fish eries —
M in ing ----- --------- ----- — --------- — ------ ------ ——
70
4,400
1,760
4, 400
8
1
See footnotes at end of table.
-
320
-
-
-
8, 280
2
70
1, 630
36
T a b le A -3.
W o rk Stoppages in States H aving 25 o r M ore Stoppages by Industry G rou p , 1961-— Continued
Missouri
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Industry group
All industries . .
-
Nebraska
Man-days
idle daring
1961 (all
stoppages)
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
New Jersey
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
.
. . . .
88
34,500
470,000
26
5, 830
70,300
234
82,300
762,000
45
-
M anufacturing_______
23, 700
396,000
6
3,870
33,000
142
51, 200
568,000
Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
M in in g --------------- ------------------------- ------------------Contract construction - —
_
—
Transportation, com munication, ele ctric,
gas, and sanitary se rvices ------------------ -----Wholesale and retail trade ---------------------------Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e ------------Service s
_________
___
Government --------- — -------
2
430
19, 300
.
.
.
10
3, 110
19,900
5
-
1,430
-
10,700
-
-
-
-
12
-
5,460
-
43,400
-
8
2
4
2, 320
600
13,900
51,400
49,600
197,000
-
-
-
10
16
11
5,740
4, 950
17,100
99,600
65,700
167,000
3
2
5
-
340
240
580
-
23,200
2,880
6, 300
-
-
-
.
-
4
4
9
8
470
1,020
870
2, 720
5,430
29,200
13,800
12,000
3
5
1
1
2
-
1,090
1, 530
100
40
800
-
2,700
16,500
200
1,000
12, 100
-
4
1
1
2,930
280
670
10,500
11,800
10,700
6
1
9
8
4
19
3
5
220
20
1,630
2,010
260
2,210
760
2,450
2, 130
440
18,100
17,900
7,630
27,400
8,400
26,700
2
290
2,410
-
-
-
1
3
60
140
2, 170
1,800
43
—
Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s __ ___
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
machinery, and transportation equipm ent__
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s __ —
E lectrica l m achinery, equipment,
and supplies —
---M achinery, except e le c t r ic a l------------------------Transportation equipment —
Lumber and wood products, except
fu rn itu re _______________________________ ____
Furniture and fixtures __ . . .
Stone, clay, and glass products —
_
Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ---Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m a t e r ia ls ________
Leather and leather p r o d u c ts __
Food and kindred p r o d u c t s --------------------------Tobacco manufactures — —
—
_ Paper and allied products — _ _
___
Printing, publishing, and allied industries___
Chemicals and allied products _ Petroleum refining and related in d u s trie s---Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products _
Professional, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and c l o c k s ____________ ___—
M iscellaneous manufacturing indu stries--------
10,800
74, 000
20
1,960
37,300
92
31, 100
193,000
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
1
16
10
1,610
80
13,900
16
1,690
34,800
1
36
10
5, 150
430
50,700
10
11
1
3
1
8, 180
910
10
60
60
44,900
12, 300
110
2,630
60
2
2
"
230
40
"
960
1, 580
24
20
7
4
19,000
6, 140
150
610
89, 300
48, 600
.
3,440
1,010
Ohio
New York
Oklahoma
421
M anufacturing_________________________
Prim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s ----------------------------Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment —
Ordnance and acce sso rie s . . .
..
—
E lectrical m achinery, equipment,
and s u p p lie s ----------------------------- — --------------Machinery, except e le c t r ic a l------------------------Transportation e qu ipm en t___________________
Lumber and wood products, except
fu rn itu re ___________________________________
Furniture and fixtures .
—
Stone, clay, and glass produ cts______________
Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ---------------------- --------- ---Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m a te ria ls----- ------Leather and leather p r o d u c ts __
Food and kindred products
—
T obacco manufactures
---Paper and allied products — — ---------------------Printing, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s ^ ..
Chem icals and allied products .
Petroleum refining and related industries----Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products _
P rofessional, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks . . . .
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries-------Nonmanufacturing
__
----
_
_
Agriculture, forestry, and f i s h e r i e s ----------M in in g_______________________________________
Contract con stru ction ---- ---- ------------------ ---- —
Transportation, communication, electric,
gas, and sanitary s e r v ic e s ---- ---------------— —
Finance, insurance, and real e s t a t e ------------S e r v ic e s---------------------------------------- --------- -------G o v e rn m e n t---------------------------------------------------
See footnotes at end of table.
180,000
1,860, 000
283
127,000
1,420,000
29
8,550
92,400
229
76,000
785,000
172
110,000
1, 180,000
14
3,610
71, 900
11
5,630
46,100
23
18,100
123,000
!
190
1,510
30
1
8,290
3, 400
138,000
3. 400
27
-
18,900
-
218,000
3
810
6, 410
-
-
-
-
12
12
8
1,440
4,770
9,730
12,200
54,200
74, 700
15
20
20
6,670
7, 350
43,700
79,100
113,000
395,000
-
-
-
6
16
13
10
300
2,230
5, 310
770
2,880
34,200
113, 000
9,680
3
11
18
1
120
2,790
3,700
20
2, 200
79,000
75,700
1,220
-
-
-
3
-
600
-
9, 100
-
36
6
13
11
8
10
1
9
2,870
4, 020
14,000
1, 130
1,000
840
20
620
36,100
22,500
156,000
30,800
7,970
11,200
30
7,850
2
13
4
2
5
8
220
1, 310
470
20
460
540
22,000
4, 070
30
5,470
2
-
160
-
-
-
4, 340
24, 700
1
1, 350
310
43,200
4
16
8,840
790
18, 100
5,460
6
1,500
36,500
1
"
130
-
6,250
192
105,000
1,070,000
111
17,500
243,000
15
4, 940
20,500
_
_
_
_
_
1
2
-
_
130
250
-
_
1, 130
4, 000
_
_
1
48
30
18,200
2,460
397,000
7
42
1, 790
6,950
4, 140
111,000
9
1,880
8,050
41
74
26
2
64,700
18,000
3,460
160
388,000
235,000
47,300
930
22
31
8
5, 110
2, 600
1,070
10
64,200
52, 400
11, 200
20
2
3
31
"
2,960
90
-
9,070
3, 410
-
1
37
T a b le A -3.
W o rk Stoppages in States H avin g 25 o r M ore S toppages by Industry G rou p , 1961-— C ontinued
Industry group
Oregon
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Pennsylvania
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Tennessee
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
M
an-dayB
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
25
229.000
393
112.000
1.730.000
58
10.900
202. 000
3. 990
43.900
235
62.900
824. 000
22
7. 150
148. 000
16
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment—
13. 000
12
7, 430
34, 900
!
420
33, 600
35
1
7,210
130
147,000
2,410
1
1
850
100
15, 300
4,490
Transportation equipm ent------— —
----------------Lumber and wood products, except
16
28
5
2,040
12,000
4, 210
29, 300
192,000
88,500
2
3
3
240
110
670
7,490
1, 140
8,910
8
8
19
5
1, 230
290
3,090
760
6, 610
2, 450
37,800
6,950
1
2
80
1,800
2, 210
170
47,500
17,700
-
-
-
36
3
14
5,910
860
3,550
64, 000
12, 500
31, 200
-
-
-
70
30
2, 340
560
10
1,070
-
E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and
supplies —---------------------------------------------------
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Food and kindred products --------------------------------Tobacco m anufactures -----------------— -------- -— ------Paper and allied products — - — -------- -------------- —
Printing, publishing, and allied industries —
Chem icals and allied products — - — ------------- —
Petroleum refining and related industries — —
Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products—
P rofession a l, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks — — ------------------- —
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries ------ -
A griculture, forestry, and f is h e r ie s ----------- —
Mining — — .......... „ -------------------- —-------- ----------------Contract construction —
--------------- -------- — ----------Transportation, communication, e le ctric,
W holesale and retail trade
------------------------ -— —
S e r v i c e s ----- --------------- —
......................................
Government —
------------ --------- -— --------- -------- ----- -------
3, 420
340
39,100
1, 370
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
70
2
-
150
13
Furniture and fix t u r e s ------------------ —-------------Stone, clay, and glass products — —. . . —------ —
Textile m ill products —
--------------- --------------- — —
Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m a t e r ia ls ----- — —-
7
1
-
-
-
1
1
1
-
-
-
40
20
490
980
2, 550
4, 800
-
-
1,040
1 , 120
4,490
1,050
2, 780
650
9,980
29,700
7, 130
60,000
4, 220
1, 320
-
2
7
360
3,760
18, 000
39,700
-
-
-
-
1
30
930
9.050
185.000
158
48.800
911.000
36
3.750
53. 300.
_
-
6
9
7
6
4
1
19
65
30
2, 680
17,900
130
12, 100
591,000
.
33
26
15,000
12,000
203,000
70,100
-
_
_
_
1,030
60
34, 200
550
31
-
-
6
7,220
162, 000
3
3
1
1,150
620
60
-
13,900
8, 680
1,200
-
13
1
1
1
3
-
_
.
7
18
540
2, 450
2,760
28,700
8
1
530
80
5,020
6,020
150
_
2
8, 700
2, 100
1
Washington
Virginia
Texas
_
-
82
798.000
40
12.900
112. 000
82
14. 800
251.000
14. 800
417.000
12
4. 140
47.400
24
3.750
72. 500
.
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equipment—
Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------- ---- ----------E lectrical machinery, equipment and
supplies ---------- -------- --------- ---------------- ------—
41.300
22
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
Furniture and fix tu r e s ---- ------------------------------Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ------------------------------------Apparel and other finished products made
from fabrics and sim ilar m aterials --------- —
Leather and leather products — — ..... ........ .....
Food and kindred products —
— — --------—
Printing, publishing, and allied industries —
Chemicals and allied p r o d u c t s ----------- ---- -----Petroleum refining and related industries —
—
Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics products—
P rofessiona l, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical
goods; watches and clocks — ------------------ —
M iscellaneous manufacturing industries —
A griculture, forestry, and fisheries — ---- —
—
M in in g ------------------------------ --------------------- ---- —
Transportation, communication, ele ctric,
gas, and sanitary services — — — —
---- — —
Finance, insurance, and real estate — —
—S ervices —----------------------------------------------- ---- —
Government — ----------------------------------- ------------
See footnotes at end of table.
120
-
7,520
-
1
-
1
4
60
3,170
2, 890
30,600
1
1
1, 100
1; 200
7, 300
10, 800
2
140
830
1
2
1
80
170
180
4, 410
13, 600
720
1
2
-
140
130
-
11, 300
350
-
8
2
2
-
2, 290
350
30
-
52, 200
7, 090
1, 420
-
4
3
3
1
240
1, 540
9, 180
30
11,200
145, 000
198,000
3,430
2
2
1
-
90
560
20
-
2, 460
9, 270
60
-
2
1
2
2
2
-
140
350
30
90
310
-
790
690
4,710
2, 640
1, 830
-
-
"
“
1
730
2, 940
1
30
320
60
Transportation equipment —---------------- —
------—
Lumber and wood products, except
2
-
150
-
26.600
380.000
28
8.720
64. 200
58
11.000
1
1
39
170
90
19,400
5, 740
5,830
304, 000
10
8
6,550
330
"
63, 100
1,560
2 510
-
31
“
-
_
_
2, 850
-
-
-
-
_
_
_
7
9
3,050
1, 610
8, 420
12, 200
39
8, 210
9
1
2
"
4,040
10
10
“
43, 400
200
20
“
5
9
4
2,250
410
_
150
20
1
179.000
220,400
94, 200
47,300
15,100
_
1,810
20
38
T able A -3.
W o rk Stoppages in States H aving 25 o r M ore S toppages by Industry G rou p , 1961— C on tin u ed
West Virginia
Industry group
Stoppages beginning
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Wisconsin
Man-days
idle during
1960 (all
stoppages)
I Stoppages beginning
i
in 1961
Workers
Number
involved
Man-days
idle during
1961 (all
stoppages)
81
12,700
197,000
54
18,700
285,000
M anufacturing---------------------------------------------------
17
3,900
109,000
36
17,800
264,000
P rim ary m etal industries — — ---------- — — —
Fabricated m etal products, except ordnance,
m achinery, and transportation equ ip m en t-------------Ordnance and a c c e s s o r i e s ----------------------------------------E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and supplies-------Machinery, except e le c t r ic a l------------------------------------Transportation e qu ipm en t----------------------------------------Lumber and wood products, except fu rn itu re ----------Furniture and fixtures ______________________________
Stone, clay, and glass p rodu cts______
- --------Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ________________________________
Apparel and other finished products made from
fabrics and sim ilar m aterials — —
.
Leather and leather p r o d u c ts ------------- - . . . . .
Food and kindred products _.
___ ______ __
T obacco manufactures ---------------------------------------------Paper and allied p rod u cts------------------------------------------Printing, publishing, and allied in d u s trie s__________
Chemicals and allied p r o d u c t s ---------------------------------Petroleum refining and related in d u strie s---------------Rubber and m iscellaneous plastics p r o d u c ts------------Professional, scien tific, and controlling
instruments; photographic and optical goods;
watches and c lo c k s __________________________ — ------M iscellaneous manufacturing industries--- ----------------
2
670
3, 130
2
450
13,400
1
1
1
1
1
4
-
10
130
120
70
no
990
-
50
6
2
7
2
2
-
560
220
2, 370
7,430
290
-
9,760
3, 240
118,000
45,700
12,300
-
-
9
2
1
1
1
3, 550
580
500
90
1,700
14,400
27,700
7, 600
1,710
10,200
1
70
130
18
880
21,000
All industries _______________________________________
-
2
1
3
-
-
190
190
1, 420
-
-
9,020
360
2,800
3,020
17,100
-
430
940
-
72,700
-
-
N onm anufacturing-------- ---- -------------------------------
64
8,830
87,800
Agriculture, forestry, and f is h e r ie s ------------------------M in in g___ . . .
— ----- --. . . . . —
. ..
Contract construction _ ---- _ — ---Transportation, communication, ele ctric, gas,
and sanitary se rvice s
W holesale and retail trade
_ __
Finance, insurance, and real estate
S e r v ic e s ______________________________________________
G overn m en t___________________ — ------------------------------
1
30
21
140
4, 580
3,570
4, 660
18,600
47, 100
-
-
-
8
650
11, 100
7
4
1
"
450
90
20
"
14, 300
2,610
500
■
3
6
1
■
100
130
■
10
4, 360
5, 450
20
_
_
_
1 No work stoppages w ere record ed during 1961 fo r the industry groups fo r which no data are presented.
2 Idleness in 1961 resulting from stoppages that began in I960. In som e cases, the m an-days of idleness may re fe r to m ore stoppages
than are shown for the State and industry group since the m an-days figures re fe r to all strikes in effect, whereas the number of stoppages and
w orkers refers only to stoppages beginning in the year.
3 Part of interstate strike; few er than 6 w orkers involved in this State.
NOTE: Stoppages extending into 2 o r m ore industry groups have been counted in each industry group affected; w orkers involved and m anday a idle w ere allocated among the respective groups. Because o f rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals.
39
T able A -4.
W o rk S toppages by Industry G rou p and C ontract Status, 1961
Negotiation of first
agreement or
union recognition
Total
S.I.C.
code
(group
or
division)
Industry group
Beginning
in 1961
Beginning
in 1961
Man-days
idle,
Renegotiation of agreement
(expiration or reopening)
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
Beginning
in 1961
Man-days
idle,
Number
Workers
involved
(all
stoppages)
Total
1 3. 367
1.450.000
16. 300.000
513
36.300
979.000
1 1.517
1.020.000
13. 200.000
Mfg.
1 1.677
897.000
9.780.000
247
21.000
633.000
1 908
684. 000
7.920.000
6
177
35
6,160
80,000
5, 970
51,400
589,000
_
39,100
25
_
6
100
1, 330
.
200
4,490
40,200
_
4, 100
4
93
_
16
5, 560
57, 300
_
3, 580
45, 700
435, 000
_
22, 700
112
15,100
146,000
25
880
27,100
36
4, 520
54,400
75
70
62
12, 500
12, 500
15, 300
234, 000
256, 000
324, 000
17
6
9
830
640
1, 380
43, 400
59, 600
14, 600
42
45
28
7,880
6, 580
5, 100
147,000
140, 000
141,000
19
20
21
22
Ordnance and a c cesso rie s . . . ---- —
Food and kindred products
23
24
Apparel, etc. 2 ----------------- — ------—
Lumber and wood products,
Textile m ill products ---- — -------—
25
26
Furniture and fixtures —
-------------Paper and allied products — --------
27
Chemicals and allied
products — ---------------------- — ---—
Number
Workers
involved
'Sif
stoppages)
Printing, publishing, and
28
Number
Workers
involved
50
Petroleum refining and
related i n d u s t r ie s ---------------- ---Rubber and m iscellaneous
plastics products
Leather and leather products ------Stone, clay, and
29
30
31
32
8,850
93, 500
17
250
14, 300
23
6, 270
65, 600
94
14,100
441,000
8
680
24, 200
64
10, 200
339,000
17
15,000
316,000
2
80
1, 420
11
8,610
299,000
65
25
22, 600
18, 200
215, 000
70, 400
11
4
710
290
16, 000
7,000
33
12
14, 200
13, 500
158,000
47,800
130
458,000
22
1,830
79,700
69
16,400
359,000
126
191
176
74, 400
96, 600
89,100
665,000
1, 130,000
1, 240,000
12
24
24
920
1, 150
5,050
21, 600
51,000
94, 800
58
134
109
41,000
86, 900
63, 100
492, 000
1,040,000
1,050,000
114
67, 100
716,000
11
1, 100
60, 500
62
55, 400
606, 000
Transportation eq u ip m e n t------------
98
19
297,000
12, 500
2, 500, 000
170,000
11
2
2, 100
80
34,800
880
45
13
258,000
12, 100
2,220,000
166,000
56
10, 400
125, 000
10
1,440
33, 400
37
7,980
84, 900
1 1.694
555.000
6.500.000
266
15.300
346. 000
1 613
336.000
5.320.000
31
154
824
10,900
37,700
217,000
80,600
310,000
3, 490, 000
25
11
58
2, 700
380
5,400
50,100
14, 500
68,800
2
20
250
7, 840
10,400
165, 000
28, 200
194,000
3, 190,000
243
211,000
1, 710,000
44
2, 170
63, 400
110
85,500
1, 190,000
308
37
38
39
24, 400
P rim ary metal industries — — —
----- Fabricated m etal products 3 —
M achinery, except ele ctrica l —---E lectrical machinery, equip
ment, and s u p p lie s -------------— —
33
34
35
36
62, 400
716,000
89
2,080
65,700
171
56,700
617,000
4
103
28
230
9,070
6, 610
3,000
173,000
15, 300
1
36
2
70
2, 500
30
1,600
81,400
180
3
51
8
160
5, 280
4,960
1,400
85,700
8, 420
M iscellaneous manufacturing
Nonmfg.
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
Nonmanufacturing
—--------—
Agriculture, forestry,
and f i s h e r i e s --------- --------- -------------------- -------------- —----- ---Mining —
Contract construction — -------------—
Transportation, communication,
electric, gas, and
sanitary services ---- -----------------W holesale and retail
Finance, insurance, and
real estate -------------------------- ------Services
-------G overn m en t--------------— ..............— -
See footnotes at end of table.
40
T able A -4.
S.LC.
code
(group
or
division)
W o rk S toppages by Industry G rou p and C on tract Status, 1961;— C on tin ued
During term o f agreem ent
(n eg o tiatio n o f new
agreem ent not involved)
Industry group
Beginning
in 1961
N o con tra ct or other
con tract s t a t u s
Beginning
hfl961
No inform ation on con tra ct s t a t u s
Number
A ll in d u s t r ie s ----- ---- -------------------
Total
Mfg.
Manufacturing
19
20
21
22
— ---------- ------
Food and kindred products — ---- —
Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ---------------- —
23
24
Apparel, etc. 2
----Lumber and wood products,
except furniture ------------------------Furniture and f ix t u r e s ------------— —
Paper and allied products —
-------—
25
26
27
Printing, publishing, and
allied industries —---------------- -----Chemicals and allied
p r o d u c t s -------------------------------------
28
Petroleum refining and
related industries
---- —
Rubber and m iscellaneous
plastics products — ---------------- —
Leather and leather products — ~
Stone, clay, and
glass p r o d u c t s ---- ------------------ —
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
P rim ary metal industries —-------Fabricated m etal products 3 --------M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l ------E lectrical m achinery, equipment, and supplies -.................. —
Transportation equipment — ----- —
Instrum ents etc. 4 ---- -----------------M iscellaneous manufacturing
industries — — ------------------------—
37
38
39
Nonmfg.
A
B
C
E
F
G
H
I
N onm anufacturing--------------Agriculture, forestry.
and fish eries -------------------------—
—
Mining ------------------------------------------Contract construction —---------- ---Transportation, communication,
ele ctric, gas, and
sanitary se rv ice s — ----------- — —
W holesale and retail
trade
---------- -------Finance, insurance, and
real estate — --------- ---------------- —
S e r v i c e s -------------— -------— — -------Government ---------- — —
-----------------
Workers
involved
^all
stoppages)
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
1.084
378.000
1.890.000
57
7. 640
426
184. 000
1. 130.000
16
1
49
10
510
19,100
2,090
1, 190
97,500
11,900
39
8,960
10
17
21
3, 380
5, 200
8, 620
7
2, 240
10,300
9
2, 320
59, 100
Man-days
idle,
Beginning
in 1961
Number
Workers
involved
Man-days
idle,
1961
(all
stoppages)
52. 100
196
10.200
122. 000
3. 830
28. 200
80
3. 660
67.200
2
1
1,910
40
3, 740
150
8
2
260
60
12, 400
220
45, 200
4
270
17,900
8
420
1,740
37, 300
55,900
166,000
1
-
20
-
60
-
5
2
4
370
40
180
6, 840
280
1,850
-
-
3
80
3, 320
13
870
18,600
2
6, 220
13, 900
-
-
-
2
50
2, 300
17
7
7, 570
3, 640
40,500
14, 100
1
2
10
780
10
1,630
3
-
80
-
510
-
1
10
460
9
700
4, 580
2
5
4
40
80
120
540
5, 460
1, 350
3
100
3, 340
2
1
110
40
1, 250
680
4
80
1,840
29
5,430
13, 700
55
27
39
32, 400
8, 380
20,700
151,000
28,700
86, 200
40
10,500
45, 400
40
2
35,900
* 250
248,000
2, 630
5
900
4, 310
658
194.000
758.000
41
3.820
23. 900
116
6. 570
54. 900
1
115
427
240
26,500
40,100
1,440
86, 500
189,000
2
2
15
130
60
1,870
830
4, 380
11, 400
1
6
74
20
350
4, 620
60
10,000
2 9 ,1 0 0
76
123,000
451,000
-
-
-
13
290
7,720
29
3,040
28, 200
5
230
1, 190
15
370
3, 480
8
2
_
380
70
2, 140
80
.
2
15
_
30
1,490
30
6, 100
6
_
880
60
_
3,930
550
_
2
1
_
30
80
_
50
150
1
-
680
-
4,060
-
~
1 Stoppages extending into 2 o r m ore industries o r industry groups have been counted in each industry o r group affected; w orkers involved
and m an-days idle w ere allocated to the respective groups.
2 Includes other finished products made from fabrics and sim ilar m aterials.
3 Excludes ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipment.
4 Includes p rofessional, scien tific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clock s.
NOTE: Because of rounding, stuns o f individual item s m ay not equal totals.
A ppendix B:
Data on Strike Issues
T o m ake its strik e s ta tis tics m o r e m eaningful in te rm s o f cu rren t la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t
p r o b le m s , the B ureau o f L a b or S ta tistics r e v is e d its c la s s ific a tio n o f strik e is s u e s in 1961,
resu ltin g in the d eta iled data p re s e n te d fo r the fir s t tim e in table 5. T his change re su lte d
in the lo s s o f continuity with data fo r p re v io u s y e a r s .
F o r those in te re ste d in long te rm
trends in strik e is s u e s , the listin g p re s e n te d on the follow in g page p r o v id e s a m ethod o f
a lloca tin g 1961 data am ong the m a jo r iss u e grou ps used in p re v io u s y e a r s .
41
42
M a jo r is s u e s a s id e n t ifie d in 1961 r e p o r t
G en era l w age ch a n ge:
G en era l w age in c r e a s e
G e n e r a l w a g e i n c r e a s e , p lu s su p p lem en ta ry b e n e fit s
G en era l w age in c r e a s e , h ou r d e c r e a s e
G en era l w age d e cr e a s e
G e n e r a l w a g e i n c r e a s e and e s c a la t io n
W a g e s and w o r k in g c o n d itio n s
S u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e f i t s :
P e n s io n s , in s u r a n c e , o t h e r w e lfa r e p r o g r a m s
S e v e ra n ce o r d is m is s a l p ay
P r e m iu m p a y
O th er
W age a d ju s tm e n ts :
I n c e n tiv e p a y r a t e s o r a d m in is t r a tio n
J o b c l a s s i f ic a t i o n o r r a t e s
D o w n g ra d in g
R e t r o a c t iv it y
M eth o d o f c o m p u tin g p a y
H o u rs o f w o r k :
D ecrease
U nion o r g a n iz a t io n and s e c u r it y :
R e c o g n it io n (c e r t i f ic a t i o n )
R e c o g n it io n and jo b s e c u r it y i s s u e s
R e c o g n it io n and e c o n o m i c i s s u e s
S tren gth en in g b a r g a in in g p o s it io n , o r u n ion sh op
and e c o n o m ic is s u e s
U nion s e c u r it y
R e fu s a l to s ig n a g r e e m e n t
O th e r u n ion o r g a n iz a t io n m a tt e r s
J o b s e c u r it y :
S e n io r ity a n d /o r la y o ff
S u b co n tr a c tin g
N ew m a c h in e r y o r o t h e r t e c h n o lo g ic a l i s s u e s
J o b t r a n s f e r s , b u m p in g , e t c .
T r a n s f e r o f o p e r a t io n s o r p r e f a b r i c a t e d g o o d s
O th e r
P la n t a d m in is t r a tio n :
P h y s i c a l f a c i l i t i e s , s u r r o u n d in g s , e t c .
S a fe ty m e a s u r e s , d a n g e r o u s e q u ip m e n t, e t c .
S u p e r v is io n
S h ift w o r k
W o rk a s s ig n m e n ts
S p eedu p (w o r k lo a d )
W o rk r u le s
O v e r tim e w o r k
In s u b o r d in a tio n , d is c h a r g e , d i s c ip lin e
O th er
O th e r w o r k in g c o n d itio n s :
A r b it r a t io n
G r ie v a n c e p r o c e d u r e s
U n s p e c ifie d c o n t r a c t v io la t io n s
O th e r c o n t r a c t u a l m a t t e r s :
D u ra tio n o f c o n t r a c t
U n s p e c ifie d
In te ru n io n o r in tr a u n io n m a t t e r s :
U n ion r i v a l r y 1
J u r is d ic t io n *— r e p r e s e n t a t io n o f w o r k e r s
J u r is d ic t io n a l— w o r k a s s ig n m e n t
U nion a d m in is t r a tio n 2
3
1
S ym p ath y
O th e r
M a jo r is s u e g r o u p s a s id e n t ifie d in p r i o r r e p o r t s
N
W a g e s , h o u r s , and s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fit s .
J
’
U n ion o r g a n iz a t io n , w a g e s , h o u r s , and s u p
p le m e n t a r y b e n e fit s .
,
J
►
____________
O th er w o r k in g c o n d itio n s .
J
\
f ____________
In teru n ion o r in tr a u n io n m a t t e r s .
J
1 I n c lu d e s d is p u te s b e tw e e n u n ion s o f d iffe r e n t a ffilia t io n , s u ch a s th o s e b e t w e e n u n ion s a ffilia t e d
w ith the A F L .-C IO and n o n a ffilia te s .
2 In clu d e s d is p u te s b e tw e e n u n io n s , u s u a lly o f the s a m e a ffilia t io n o r tw o l o c a l s o f the s a m e u n ion ,
o v e r r e p r e s e n ta tio n o f w o r k e r s .
3 In clu d e s d is p u te s w ith in a u n ion o v e r the a d m in is t r a tio n o f un ion a f fa ir s o r r e g u la t io n s .
Appendix C:
The Maritime Industry Strike, Atlantic, Pacific, and G u lf Coasts, 1961
The e m e rg e n cy p r o v is io n s o f the T a ft-H a rtle y A ct w e r e invoked on ce in 1961 to end
the strik e o f m a ritim e unions again st sh ip ow n ers and o p e r a to r s on the A tla n tic, P a c ific , and
Gulf c o a s ts .
The highlights o f this stoppage and govern m en t in volvem en t a re outlined b e lo w
in ch ro n o lo g ica l o r d e r .
June 16
W ork stoppage o f m a ritim e w o r k e r s began in A tla n tic, P a c ific , and G ulf p o rts a fter
the m a ritim e u n io n s 1 and the sh ipow ners and o p e r a to r s fa ile d to a g re e on the u n ion s' dem and
that th eir co n tra cts be extended to c o v e r w o r k e r s on ships owned and o p era ted b y United
States in te re sts but flyin g fo r e ig n fla g s .
O ther dem ands v a r ie d am ong the unions and r e
lated to in equ ities betw een lic e n s e d and u n lice n se d p e rso n n e l with re g a rd to v a ca tio n s, tr a v e l,
and lodging a llow a n ce s, and w ork ru le s.
June 17
S e cre ta ry o f L a b o r A rth ur
d irectin g m ed iation e ffo r ts in New
resu m e d ir e c t n eg otia tion s. S e r ie s
C on ciliation S e rv ice ended with no
J. G old b e rg , who upon req u est o f the P re sid e n t had b een
Y ork sin ce June 15, asked a ll p a rtie s in the dispute to
o f jo in t m eetin g s con ducted b y the F e d e ra l M ediation and
p r o g r e s s re p o rte d .
June 23
S e cre ta ry G old b erg re co m m e n d e d to* a ll p a rtie s that they subm it th eir u n re so lv e d
iss u e s to an im p a rtia l p u b lic group fo r a p e r io d o f 60 days fo r study and recom m en d a tion
and subsequent n egotiation s and that m eanw hile they resu m e o p e ra tio n s.
Ship o p e r a to r s
a g re e d to this p r o p o s a l; the unions r e je c t e d it.
June 24
P re sid e n t Kennedy o r d e r e d an in vestiga tion into the im p a ct o f the strik e on the
N ation's health, e co n o m y , and sa fety , p r e p a r a to r y to his d e c is io n on w hether to invoke the
em e rg e n cy p r o v is io n s o f the T a ft-H a rtle y A ct.
The S e c r e ta r y o f L a b o r a sce rta in e d that the
stoppage o f shipping w as a ffectin g a substantial p o rtio n o f tra d e , c o m m e r c e , and tr a n s p o r
tation, and that it w ould im p e r il the national health and sa fety if the stoppage w e re p e r
m itted to continue.
June 26
B oa rd o f Inquiry appointed by the P re s id e n t. M e m b e rs; David L . C ole o f P a te rso n ,
N. J. , law yer and fo r m e r d ir e c t o r o f the F e d e r a l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e , C h a ir
m an; Sam uel I. R osen m an , la w y er o f New Y ork City and fo r m e r New Y ork State Suprem e
C ourt J u stice; and J a m es J. H ealy, P r o fe s s o r o f Industrial R e la tio n s, Graduate S ch ool o f
B u sin ess A d m in istra tion , H arvard U n iversity. In addition to the duties o f the B o a rd as r e
qu ired by the statute, the P r e s id e n t req u ested that the B o a rd d ir e c t its im m ed ia te attention
to ach ievin g a settlem en t.
He in stru cte d the B o a rd to r e p o r t to h im on o r b e fo r e June 30.
1 National M a ritim e Union o f A m e r ic a , S e a fa r e r s ' International Union o f North A m e r ic a ,
N ational M arine E n g in e e r s ' B e n e fic ia l A s s o c ia tio n , International O rga n iza tion o f M a ste r s,
M ates and P ilo ts , A m e r ic a n R adio A s s o c ia tio n , R adio O ffic e r s Union, and the Staff O ffic e r s
A s s o cia tio n o f A m e r ic a .
43
44
June 27
The B o a rd m et in New Y ork in p u b lic s e s s io n b r ie fly , then m et p riv a te ly with sh ip
ow n ers and union re p re se n ta tiv e s to d eterm in e w hether the B o a rd cou ld a rra n g e p ro m p t r e
sum ption o f the d ea d lock ed n eg otia tion s.
The M arine E n g in eers 1 B e n e fic ia l A s s o c ia tio n and
the International O rgan ization o f M a ste rs, M ates and P ilo ts , through th eir a tto rn e y s, told
the B oa rd that th eir m e m b e rs w e re exclu d ed fr o m the p r o v is io n s o f the T a ft-H a rtle y A ct,
b eca u se o f th eir s u p e r v is o r y status.
June 28
M eetings continued, including both fo r m a l h ea rin g s and in fo rm a l in q u irie s into the
fa cts and is s u e s under B o a rd o f In q u iry -F e d e ra l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e a u sp ice s.
T h ese m eetin g s at tim e s in cluded both e m p lo y e rs and unions; at oth er tim es they w e r e held
sep a ra te ly with d iffe re n t union and m anagem ent grou p s.
June 29
P r e s id e n t Kennedy p ostp on ed until 9 a. m . , July 3, the deadline fo r the B o a rd to
re p o r t the fa cts o f the dispute to him .
J^y- 1
A t a jo in t co n fe r e n c e attended by the D ir e c to r o f the F e d e r a l M ediation and C on
cilia tio n S e r v ic e and a m e m b e r o f the B oa rd o f Inquiry, the M arine E ngineers* B e n e ficia l
A s s o c ia tio n re a ch e d a g reem en t with the P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o c ia tio n w hich la id the g rou n d
w ork fo r m ov em en t o f 150 sh ips.
July 2
The B o a rd subm itted two re p o rts to the P re sid e n t.
The m ain r e p o r t outlined the
d ispu tes and in d icated that, although th ere had b een a g reem en t betw een som e o f the p a r tie s ,
fu ll a c c o r d had^ not b een re a ch e d and the strik e w as continuing.
The supplem en tal r e p o rt
outlined the m ed ia tion w o rk the B o a rd had undertaken at the P r e s id e n t s re q u e st and r e p o rte d
th eir findings on the p r o p o s a ls m ade fo r m in im izin g the e ffe c t o f the strik e on national health
and safety.
A greem en ts w e re sign ed b y a group o f G ulf C oast sh ipow ners with two unions— a ste rs,
M
M ates and P ilo ts and the A m e r ic a n R adio A s s o c ia tio n .
July 3
The P re s id e n t d ir e c te d the A ttorn ey G en era l to p etition the U. S. D is tr ic t C ourt fo r
the Southern D is tr ic t o f New Y ork fo r an injunction. Judge S y lv e ste r J. Ryan iss u e d a te m
p o r a r y 5 -d a y restra in in g o r d e r .
A ttorn eys fo r the National M arin e E n g in e e r s ' B e n e ficia l
A s s o c ia tio n , S e a fa r e r s ' International Union, and the International O rgan ization o f M a ste rs,
M ates and P ilo ts sought a stay o f the restra in in g o r d e r until a h earin g o f the appeal w hich
had been file d b y th ese defendants fr o m that o r d e r .
Judge C lark o f the U. S. C ircu it C ourt
o f A ppeals denied the stay.
July 6
A gre e m e n t rea ch ed betw een National M a ritim e Union and the A m e r ic a n M erchant
M arine Institute a fte r a s e r ie s o f co n fe r e n c e s h eld under jo in t a u sp ice s B o a rd o f Inquiry
and F e d e r a l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e .
Sailings o f A m e rica n ships in p o r ts on th ree c o a sts w e re n e a rly n o rm a l.
M o re than
h alf o f the 9 5 0 -sh ip United States fla g -fle e t w e r e able to sa il under a g re e m e n ts rea ch ed with
unions o r under co n tra cts with oth er unions not in volved in the strik e .
45
July 7
H earing was h eld on the G ov ern m en t's m otion fo r a p r e lim in a r y injunction and the
tem p o ra ry restra in in g o r d e r w as extended until July 12.
July 10
Judge Ryan extended the te m p o ra ry restra in in g o r d e r to an 8 0 -d a y injunction under the
e m e rg e n cy p r o v is io n s o f the T a ft-H a rtle y A ct preven tin g any ren ew al o f the w alkout until
S ep tem ber 21.
He d ir e c te d the unions and the six com pany grou p s to continue c o lle c tiv e
bargain in g in an e ffo r t to settle th eir d iffe r e n c e s b e fo r e exp ira tion o f the injunction.
Judge
Ryan d is m is s e d the argum ent o ffe r e d by the M a ste r s, M ates and P ilo ts and the M arine
E n g in e e rs' B e n e ficia l A s s o c ia tio n that they w e re beyon d the p u rview o f the A ct b e ca u se th eir
m e m b e rs w e re su p e r v is o r y p e r s o n n e l rath er than e m p lo y e e s .
A g reem en t w as re a ch e d betw een the A m e rica n Radio A s s o c ia tio n and E a st C oa st d r y ca rg o com p an ies a fter m any m eetin gs betw een the p a r tie s , p a rticip a te d in by m e m b e rs o f
the B oard o f Inquiry and the F e d e r a l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e .
A ugust 17
The U. S.
injunction.
C ourt o f A ppeals
h eld h ea rin gs
on the union p etition to d is m is s
the
A ugust 22
The P re sid e n t re co n v e n e d the B o a rd o f Inquiry and m eetin gs w e r e h eld in New Y ork .
W orking with the B oa rd , F e d e r a l m e d ia to rs resu m ed m eetin gs with m a ritim e grou p s in an
e ffo rt to brin g about an a g reem en t. The U. S. C ourt o f A ppeals upheld a U. S. D is tr ic t cou rt
in ju ction of July 10 against ren ew al o f the m a ritim e strik e b e fo r e S ep tem ber 21.
August 24
The threat o f a ren ew al o f the strik e v irtu a lly d isa p p ea red as the M arine E n g in e e r s '
B e n e ficia l A s s o cia tio n announced a g reem en ts com p leted with A tlan tic and G ulf d r y -c a r g o and
tanker com p a n ies.
August 25
Tanker com p a n ies rea ch ed a g reem en t with the International O rga n iza tion o f M a ste rs,
M ates and P ilo ts on the E ast C oast.
The N ational L a b or R ela tion s B o a rd m a ile d la s t -o ff e r b a llo ts to m e m b e r s o f m a r i
tim e unions.
B a llo ts w e re m a ile d in advance to p o rts w h ere the union m e m b e r s ' ships w e r e
sch ed uled to put in.
S eptem ber 1
F inal re p o r t o f the B o a rd o f Inquiry subm itted to the P re sid e n t.
The B o a rd r e
p orted that the follow in g dispu tes rem a in ed in p r o g r e s s : The A lc o a Steam ship Co. and the
S e a fa r e r s ’ International Union; the P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o c ia tio n and the International O rg a n i
zation o f M a ste rs, M ates and P ilo ts ; the P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o c ia tio n and the A m e rica n
R adio A sso cia tio n . The r e p o r t in cluded the la st o ffe r m ade by the com p a n ies to the unions
that had not a g reed on a con tra ct.
S ep tem ber 7
M a ste rs, M ates and P ilo ts in d icated r e je c tio n o f the NLRB b a llotin g due to e lig i
b ility o f v o te rs being lim ite d to th ose em p loyed — a p p roxim a tely o n e -th ird o f the m e m b e rsh ip .
A m e rica n R adio A s s o c ia tio n re fu se d to n egotiate with P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o c ia tio n pending
ou tcom e o f dispute with the M a s te r s , M ates and P ilo ts .
46
S ep tem ber 9
O ffic e r s o f W est C oast ships w e re voting in v a rio u s w o r ld p o rts on c o n tra ct o ffe r s
subm itted b y the P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o c ia tio n to the International O rga n iza tion o f M a s te rs ,
M ates and P ilo ts and the A m e r ic a n R adio A s s o c ia tio n and b y the A lc o a Steam ship Co. to the
S e a fa r e r s ' International Union.
S ep tem b er 16
B o a rd m e m b e r Jam es J. H ealy, was retained as a sp e c ia l m e d ia to r to try to settle
the P a c ific C oast m a ritim e d ispu tes p r io r to e x p ira tion o f the injunction.
A m e r ic a n R adio A s s o c ia tio n re a ch e d a g re e m e n t with P a c ific C oa st sh ip ow n ers during
co n fe r e n c e s h eld under jo in t a u sp ice s o f F e d e r a l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e and the
B oa rd o f Inquiry.
The co n tra ct w as p ro m p tly ra tifie d b y the m e m b e rsh ip .
S eptem ber 18
S e c r e ta r y G old b erg announced the appointm ent o f a co m m itte e to study the fo r e ig n
flag iss u e and m ake reco m m e n d a tio n s.
M e m b e r s : Under S e c r e ta r y o f L a b o r , W. W illard
W irtz, ch airm an ; E dw ard Gudem an, Under S e c r e ta r y o f C o m m e r c e ; and D onald B . S trau s,
New Y o rk , la b o r a r b itra to r.
S ep tem b er 20
M a s te r s , M ates and P ilo ts r e je c te d the "fin a l o f f e r " o f P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o c ia tio n .
N ational L a b or R elation s B o a rd suspended tabulation o f the voting b e c a u se o f apparent e r r o r
in la st o ffe r subm itted to M a s te r s , M ates and P ilo ts e m p loyed m e m b e r s .
S ep tem ber 21
The 8 0 -d a y injunction e x p ire d . A lc o a Steam ship Co. and the S e a fa r e r s ' International
Union con clu d ed a 1 -y e a r a g reem en t a few h ou rs b e fo r e the ex p ira tion . F e d e r a l m e d ia to rs
continued to take p a rt in n egotiation s in the P a c ific C oast dispute in volvin g the M a s te r s , M ates
and P ilo ts . 2
S ep tem b er 25
The injunction w as d is s o lv e d by F e d e r a l Judge S y lv e ste r J.
G overn m en t, e ffe c tiv e S ep tem b er 21.
January 25,
Ryan on m otion by the
1962
The P r e s id e n t subm itted to C on g ress a re p o r t on the dispute.
He con clu d ed with
the in fo rm a tio n that the in junction had b e e n lifte d , e ffe c tiv e S ep tem b er 21, and that s e tt le
m ents w e r e rea ch ed by a ll p a rtie s to the dispute.
2 Strike involving this union and the m e m b e r com p a n ies o f the P a c ific M a ritim e A s s o
ciation began at P a c ific C oast p o rts S ep tem ber 28.
This dispute w as the only p a rt o f the
national m a ritim e strik e w hich w as not settled b e fo r e the ex p ira tion o f the in ju n ction.
By
O ctob er 4, 28 ships w e re tied up. On O cto b e r 5, the S e c r e ta r y o f L a b or appointed a B oa rd
o f Inquiry, co m p o s e d o f W. W illa rd W irtz, Under S e c r e ta r y o f L a b o r; W illia m E. Sim kin,
D ir e c to r , F e d e r a l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e ; and Ja m es J. H ea ly, m e m b e r o f the
P r e s id e n t's B o a rd o f Inquiry.
Settlem ent w as rea ch ed O cto b e r 11, and the union voted to
ra tify the co n tra ct and retu rn to w ork .
N egotiations w e r e to continue on som e is s u e s .
Appendix D:
Scope, Methods, and Definitions
W ork Stoppage S tatistics
The B ureau’ s sta tis tics in clude a ll w o rk stoppages o c c u r r in g in the United States
in volvin g as m any as s ix w o r k e r s and lastin g the equivalent o f a fu ll day o r sh ift o r lo n g e r.
D efin ition s
S trike o r L o ck o u t.
A strik e is defin ed as a te m p o ra ry stoppage o f w ork by a group
o f e m p loy ees (not n e c e s s a r ily m e m b e r s o f a union) to e x p r e s s a g rie v a n ce o r e n fo r c e a d e
m and.
A lock ou t is a te m p o r a r y withholding o f w ork fr o m a group o f e m p lo y e e s by an e m
p lo y e r (o r group o f e m p lo y e r s ) in o r d e r to induce the e m p lo y e e s to a c c e p t the e m p lo y e r ’ s
te r m s . B eca u se o f the c o m p le x itie s in v olv ed in m o s t la b o r-m a n a g e m e n t d isp u tes, the B ureau
m ak es no e ffo rt to d eterm in e w hether the stoppages a re initiated by the w o r k e r s o r the e m
p lo y e r s . The te rm s ’ 's t r ik e 1 and, "w o r k stop p a g e" a re u sed in terch a n gea b ly in this r e p o rt.
1
W ork ers and Id le n e s s .
F ig u re s on "w o r k e r s in v o lv e d " and "m a n -d a y s id le " include
a ll w o rk e rs m ade id le fo r one shift o r lo n g e r in esta b lish m en ts d ir e c t ly in volved in a s to p
p age. They do not m e a s u re se co n d a ry id le n e s s — that is , the e ffe c ts o f a stoppage on oth er
—
establish m en ts o r in d u stries w h ose e m p lo y e e s ipaay be m ade id le as a re su lt o f m a te r ia l o r
s e r v ic e sh orta g es.
The total num ber o f w o r k e r s in volved in strik e s in
counted m o r e than on ce if they w e re in v olv ed in m o r e than
(T h us, in 1949, 365,000 to 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 c o a l m in e r s stru ck on
counted fo r 1 .1 5 m illio n o f the y e a r ’ s tota l o f 3 .0 3 m illio n
a given y e a r in clu d es w o rk e rs
one stoppage during that y e a r .
3 d iffe re n t o c c a s io n s ; they a c
w o r k e r s .)
In som e p ro lo n g e d stop p a ges, it is n e c e s s a r y to estim a te in p a rt the tota l m a n -d a y s
o f id le n e ss i f the ex a ct num ber o f w o r k e r s id le each day is not known. S ign ifican t changes
in the num ber o f w o r k e r s id le a r e se c u r e d fr o m the p a rtie s fo r u se in com puting m a n -d a y s
o f id le n e ss .
Id len ess as P e r c e n t o f T ota l W orking T im e . In com puting the n um ber o f w o r k e r s
in volved in strik es as a p e r c e n t o f total em p loym en t and id le n e ss as a p e r c e n t o f tota l w o r k
ing tim e, the follow in g fig u r e s fo r total em ploym ent have b een used:
F r o m 1927 to 1950, a ll e m p lo y e e s w e re counted, ex cep t th ose in o c c u
pations and p r o fe s s io n s in w hich little , if any, union o rg a n iza tion ex isted o r in
w hich stoppages r a r e ly , if e v e r , o c c u r r e d .
In m o s t in d u strie s, a ll wage and
sa la ry w o rk e rs w e re in cluded e x ce p t th ose in e x e cu tiv e , m a n a g eria l, o r high
s u p e rv is o ry p o s itio n s , o r th ose p e r fo r m in g p r o fe s s io n a l w ork the nature o f w hich
m ade union org a n iza tion o r grou p a ction u n lik ely. The fig u re exclu ded a ll s e lf em p loyed p e r s o n s ; d o m e s tic w o r k e r s ; w o r k e r s on fa r m s em ployin g fe w e r than
s ix p e r s o n s ; a ll F e d e r a l and State G overn m en t e m p lo y e e s ; and o ffic ia ls , both
e le cte d and appointed, in lo c a l g ov ern m en ts.
Beginning in 1951, the B ureau ’ s estim a tes o f total em p loym en t in n on a g ricu ltu ra l esta b lish m en ts, e x c lu s iv e o f govern m en t, have been u sed.
Id len ess
com pu ted on the b a s is o f n o n a g ricu ltu ra l em p loym ent (e x c lu s iv e o f govern m en t)
u su ally d iffe r s by le s s than on e-ten th o f a p e rce n ta g e point fr o m that obtained
by the fo r m e r m ethod, w hile the p e rce n ta g e o f w o r k e r s id le (co m p a re d with total
em ploym ent) d iffe r s by about 0. 5 o f a poin t.
F o r ex a m p le, the p e rce n ta g e o f
w o rk e rs id le during 1950 com puted on the sam e b a se as the fig u r e s fo r e a r lie r
y e a r s was 6. 9, and the p e r c e n t o f id le n e s s was 0. 44, co m p a re d with 6. 3 and 0. 40,
re s p e c tiv e ly , com puted on the new b a s e .
"E stim a te d w orking tim e " is com pu ted by m u ltiplying the a v e ra g e n um ber
o f w o rk e rs em p loyed during the y e a r by the num ber o f days ty p ica lly w ork ed by
m o st e m p loy ee s . In the com p u tation s, Saturdays (when cu sto m a r ily not w ork ed ),
Sundays, and esta b lish ed h olid a y s as p ro v id e d in m o st union co n tra cts a re exclu d ed .
1 M o re d etailed in form a tion is a v a ila b le in T echn iques o f P re p a rin g M a jo r BLS S ta tis
t ic a l S e r ie s (BLS B ulletin 1168, D e c e m b e r 1954), pi 10 6.
47
48
D uration. Although on ly w ork days a re u sed in com puting m a n -d a y s o f tota l id le n e s s ,
duration is e x p r e s s e d in te r m s o f ca len d a r days, including n onw orkdays.
State D ata.
Stoppages o c c u r r in g in m o r e than one State a re liste d se p a ra te ly in
each State a ffe cte d .
The w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e ss a r e a llo ca te d am ong each o f the
a ffecte d States. 2 The p r o c e d u r e s outlined on the p re ce d in g page have a ls o b een u sed in p r e
p arin g e stim a tes o f id le n e ss b y State.
M etrop olita n A r e a Data. In form ation is tabulated se p a ra te ly fo r the a re a s that c u r
ren tly c o m p r is e the lis t o f standard m e tro p o lita n a re a s iss u e d by the B ureau o f the Budget
in addition to a fe w com m u n ities h is to r ic a lly in cluded in the strik e s e r ie s b e fo r e the stand
a rd m e tro p o lita n a re a lis t was co m p ile d . The a re a s to w hich the strik e sta tistics apply a re
th ose esta b lish ed by the B ureau o f the Budget.
In form a tion is p u blish ed on ly fo r th ose
a re a s in w hich at le a s t fiv e stoppages w e re r e c o r d e d during the y e a r .
S om e m e tro p o lita n a re a s in clude cou nties in m o r e than one State, and, h en ce, sta
tis tic s fo r an a re a m ay o c c a s io n a lly equal o r e x ce e d the tota l fo r the State in w hich the m a jo r
c ity is loca ted .
Unions In volved . In form ation in clu d es the union (s) d ir e c t ly p a rticip a tin g in the d is
pute, although the count o f w o r k e r s in clu d es a ll who a re m ade id le fo r one sh ift o r lo n g e r in
establish m en ts d ir e c t ly in volved in the dispu te, including m e m b e r s o f oth er unions and n on
union w o r k e r s .
S ou rce o f In form ation
O c c u r r e n c e o f S tr ik e s . In form a tion as to actu al o r p ro b a b le e x iste n ce o f w o rk sto p
p ag es is c o lle c te d fr o m a num ber o f s o u r c e s . C lippings on la b o r d ispu tes a re obtained fr o m
a co m p re h e n siv e c o v e r a g e o f d a ily and w eek ly n ew sp a p ers throughout the cou n try. In fo rm a
tion is r e c e iv e d re g u la rly fr o m the F e d e r a l M ediation and C on cilia tion S e r v ic e .
O ther
s o u r c e s o f in form a tion in clude State b o a rd s o f m ed ia tion and a rb itra tion ; r e s e a r c h d iv isio n s
o f State la b o r dep artm en ts; lo c a l o ffic e s o f State em p loym ent s e c u r ity a g e n c ie s, channeled
through the B ureau o f E m ploym en t S e cu rity o f the U. S. D epartm en t o f L a b o r; and tra d e and
union jo u r n a ls . Som e e m p lo y e r a s s o c ia tio n s , c o m p a n ie s, and unions a ls o fu rn ish the B ureau
with w ork stoppage in form a tion on a volu n tary co o p e r a tiv e b a sis eith er as stoppages o c c u r
o r p e r io d ic a lly .
R espondents to Q u estion n a ire. A q u estion n a ire is m a ile d to the p a r tie s r e p o rte d as
in v olv ed in w ork stoppages to obtain in form a tion on the num ber o f w o r k e r s in v olv ed , duration,
m a jo r is s u e s , lo ca tio n , m ethod o f settlem en t, and oth er pertin en t in form a tion .
L im ita tion s o f Data. Although the B ureau seek s to obtain co m p le te c o v e r a g e , i. e . ,
a " c e n s u s " o f a ll strik e s involvin g s ix o r m o r e w o r k e r s and lastin g a fu ll shift o r m o r e ,
in form a tion is undoubtedly m is s in g on som e o f the s m a lle r s tr ik e s .
P re su m a b ly , a llo w
an ce fo r th ese m is s in g strik e s would not su bstan tially a ffe c t the fig u r e s fo r n um ber o f w o r k
e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s .
In its e ffo r ts to im p ro v e the co m p le te n e ss o f the count o f stop p ages, the B ureau
has sought to d ev elop new s o u r c e s o f in form a tion as to the p ro b a b le e x iste n ce o f such s to p
p a g e s.
O v er the y e a r s , th ese s o u r c e s have p ro b a b ly in c r e a s e d the num ber o f strik e s r e
co rd e d , but have had little e ffe c t on the num ber o f w o r k e r s o r total id le n e ss .
Beginning in m id -1 9 5 0 , a new s o u r c e o f strik e "le a d s " was added through a c o o p
era tiv e a rra n gem en t with the B ureau o f E m ploym en t S e cu rity o f the U. S. D epartm en t o f
L a b or by w hich lo c a l o ffic e s o f State em ploym ent s e c u r ity a g e n cie s supply m onthly re p o rts
on w ork stoppages com in g to th eir attention. It is estim ated that this in c r e a s e d the num ber
o f strik e s re p o rte d in 1950 by about 5 p e rce n t, and in 1951 and 1952, by a p p rox im a tely
10 p e rce n t. S in ce m o s t o f th ese stoppages w e re sm a ll, they in c r e a s e d the num ber o f w o rk
e r s in volved and m a n -d a y s o f id len e ss by le s s than 2 p e rce n t in 1950 and by le s s than 3 p e r
cent in 1951 and 1952.
T e sts o f the e ffe c t o f this added s o u r c e o f in fo rm a tio n have not
been m ade s in ce 1952
A s new lo c a l a g e n cie s having know ledge o f the e x iste n ce o f w ork stoppages a re e s
tablish ed o r changes a re m ade in th eir c o lle c tio n m eth od s, e v e r y e ffo r t is m ade to e sta b
lish co o p e r a tiv e a rra n gem en ts with them .
2 The sa m e p r o c e d u r e is fo llo w e d in a llo ca tin g data on stop p ages o c c u r r in g in m o r e
than one in du stry, in d u stry grou p, o r m e tro p o lita n a re a .
#
U. S . GOVERNMENT PRINTING O FFICE: 1 9 6 2
O— 663199
@FedFRASER