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A n a ly s is W o r k o f S t o p p a g e s 1958 Bulletin No. 1258 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR Ja m e s P. Mitchell, S ecre tary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner A n alysis of W o rk Stoppages 1958 Bulletin No. 1258 July 1959 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT O F LABOR Ja m e s P. Mitchell, S e c re ta ry B U R E A U O F LA B O R S TA T IS T IC S Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. - Price 30 cents Preface T h is b u lle t in p r e s e n t s a d e t a ile d s t a t i s t i c a l r e v ie w o f s tr ik e a c t iv it y in 1 9 5 8 , a n a n n u al fe a tu r e o f the B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta t is tic s * p r o g r a m in the fie ld o f in d u s t r ia l r e l a t i o n s . P re li m i n a r y m o n th ly e s t i m a t e s o f the l e v e l o f s tr ik e a c t iv it y f o r the U n ite d S ta te s a s a w h o le a r e is s u e d ab o u t 3 0 d a y s a f t e r th e end o f the m o n th o f r e f e r e n c e and a r e a v a ila b le upon r e q u e s t . P r e l i m i n a r y e s t i m a t e s f o r the e n tir e y e a r a r e a v a ila b le a t the y e a r 's e n d . tic s are T h e m e th o d s u s e d in p r e p a r in g d e s c r ib e d in a p p e n d ix B . w ork sto p p a g e s ta tis T h e B u r e a u w is h e s to a c k n o w le d g e the c o o p e r a t io n o f e m p lo y e r s and e m p lo y e r a s s o c i a t i o n s , u n io n s, the F e d e r a l M e d i a tio n an d C o n c ilia t io n S e r v i c e , and v a r io u s S tate a g e n c ie s in fu r n is h in g in fo r m a t io n on w o r k s t o p p a g e s . T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 's D iv is io n o f W a g e s and I n d u s tr ia l R e la t io n s b y A n n J a m e s H e r lih y and L o r e t t o R . N o la n , u n d er the d ir e c t io n o f J o se p h W . B lo c h . iii C ontents Page S u m m a r y ---------------------------Size of stoppages _________________________________________________ Duration ____________________________________________________________ Major issues _____________________________________________________________ Industries affected ______________________________________ Stoppages by location -------------------------- 1 1 2 3 3 4 States ----------------------------------------------------------------Metropolitan areas ____________________________________________________ Monthly trends ___________________________________________________________ Unions involved ---------------------------------------------------------Methods of terminating stoppages ________________________ Disposition of issues _____________________________________________________ 4 5 5 5 5 6 Chart: 7 Trends in w o r k stoppages ---------- Tables: W o r k stoppages: 1. In the United States, 1927-58 _________________ 2. Involving 10, 000 or m o r e workers, selected periods ___________ 3. B y month, 1957-58 ____________________________________________ 4. Major issues ________ 5. B y industry group, 1958 ___ 6. B y region, 1958 and 1957 ______________________________________ 7. B y State, 1958 ________ -______________________— ________________ 8. B y metropolitan area, 1958 _______________________________ 9. B y affiliation of unions involved, 1958 __________________________ 10. B y n u m b e r of workers involved, 1958 __________________________ 11. B y n u m b e r of establishments involved, 1958 ____________________ 12. Beginning in 1958 involving 10,000 or m o r e workers ____________ 13. Duration _______________________________________________________ 14. Method of terminating ________________________________ 15. Disposition of issues _____ Appendix A: Tables— W o r k stoppages A-l. B y industry_____________________________________ A-2. B y industry group and major issues __ ________ _________________ A-3. Instates having 25 or m o r e stoppages by industry group ---------------------------------------------------------Appendix B: Scope, methods, and definitions _______________________________ v 9 10 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 17 18 23 23 23 24 26 28 35 Analysis of Work Stoppages, 1958 S u m m a ry A to ta l o f 3, 694 w o r k s to p p a g e s r e s u ltin g fr o m l a b o r -m a n a g e m e n t d is p u te s , in v o lv in g s ix o r m o r e w o r k e r s and la stin g a fu ll day o r sh ift o r lo n g e r , b e g a n in 1958 (ta ble 1). T h e s e sto p p a g e s in v o lv e d 2 , 060, 000 w o r k e r s and r e s u lte d in 23, 900, 000 m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s , o r 0 .2 2 p e r c e n t o f the e s tim a te d w o r k in g tim e o f a ll w o r k e r s in n o n a g r ic u ltu ra l e s ta b lis h m e n ts e x clu d in g g o v e r n m e n t. 1 The n u m b er o f sto p p a g e s in 1958 w as a b ou t the sa m e a s in 1957 (3 ,6 7 3 ), but w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in c r e a s e d b y 48 p e r c e n t and 45 p e r c e n t, r e s p e c t i v e l y . 2 A n in c r e a s e in the n u m b er o f la r g e r s t r ik e s , w h ich w a s r e s p o n s ib le f o r the 1 9 5 7 -5 8 ch a n ge in strik e a c tiv it y , m a y b e a t tr ib u te d , in p a rt at le a s t , to in c r e a s e d p o s s i b il it ie s o r " e x p o s u r e " — m o r e m a jo r c o n t r a c t s e x p ir e d in 1958 than in 1957, in clu d in g th o s e in the a u to m o b ile in d u str y . In t e r m s o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in sto p p a g e s an d m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s , 1957 s trik e a c tiv it y had r e a c h e d the lo w e s t poin t sin c e the w a r y e a r s ; h e n c e , d e s p ite the su b sta n tia l in c r e a s e o v e r 1957 l e v e ls , 1958 sto p p a g e s r e m a in e d a t a r e la t iv e ly lo w p o s tw a r le v e l. In on ly 2 o f the 12 p r e c e d in g p o s tw a r y e a r s w a s the n u m b er o f sto p p a g e s m e a s u r a b ly l e s s than in 1958, and in n eith er c a s e w a s the d iffe r e n c e m o r e than 10 p e r c e n t. T h e n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in 1958 sto p p a g e s w a s lo w e r than in 8 o f the 12 p r e v io u s y e a r s , and 1958 m a n -d a y s o f strik e id le n e s s w a s e x c e e d e d in 9 years. E v en if the b itu m in o u s c o a l sto p p a g e s in the e a r ly h a lf o f the p o s tw a r p e r io d w e r e e x c lu d e d , 1958 id le n e s s w ou ld s t ill be lo w b y p o s tw a r sta n d a r d s . T h e r e la t iv e ly low le v e l o f s trik e a c tiv it y in 1958 d o e s not n e c e s s a r il y r e f l e c t a d e c lin e in the u tiliz a tio n o f w o r k s to p p a g e s b y unions 1 In com p u tin g p e r c e n t o f e s tim a te d w o r k ing tim e o f a ll w o r k e r s , g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y m e n t is e x c lu d e d . (See a p p en d ix B , p* 3 3 .) F o r th o s e in te r e s t e d in c o m p a r in g strik e id l e n e s s in the U n ited S ta tes w ith o th e r c o u n t r ie s , the e s tim a te o f p e r c e n t o f w o rk in g tim e lo s t , in clu d in g g o v e r n m e n t, a m ou n ted to 0. 19 in 1958. 2 F o r d e ta ile d data on 1957, se e A n a ly s is o f W ork S to p p a g e s , 1957, BL.S B u ll. 1234 (1 9 5 8 ). i,n c o lle c t iv e b a rg a in in g . A lth ou g h s t r ik e s a r e p r e c ip ita te d by d is p u te s o v e r is s u e s o th e r than th o se in v o lv e d in the n e g o tia tio n o f the t e r m s o f new c o n t r a c t s , the g ro w in g p r e v a le n c e o f lo n g - t e r m c o n t r a c t s , w ith ou t r e o p e n ing p r o v i s io n s , o b v io u s ly a ffe c t s the y e a r ly tr e n d o f w o r k s to p p a g e s , p a r t ic u la r ly a s r e g a r d s n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d . A lm o s t 90 p e r c e n t o f m a jo r a g r e e m e n ts (c o v e r in g 5, 000 o r m o r e w o r k e r s ) in e ffe c t at the b e ginning o f 1958 had t e r m s o f 2 y e a r s o r m o r e , and few p r o v id e d fo r annual r e o p e n i n g s .3 A u to m o b ile and s te e l a g r e e m e n ts have not e x p ir e d o r h ave not b e e n re o p e n e d in the sa m e y e a r s in c e 1955. The e x p e r ie n c e o f the e a r ly p o s tw a r y e a r s , w hen n e g o tia tio n s o v e r c o n tr a c t t e r m s to o k p la ce an n ually in v ir tu a lly a ll m a jo r in d u s tr ie s , has not b e e n r e p e a te d in r e c e n t y e a r s , and is not lik e ly to be r e p ea ted a s lo n g a s l o n g -t e r m a g r e e m e n ts w ith out re o p e n in g p r o v is io n s re m a in p o p u la r. S ize o f S top p a ges T h e m agn itu d e o f the 1958 in c r e a s e s in the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in s t r ik e s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s , a s a g a in st 1957 ca n be a ttrib u te d to an in c r e a s e in la r g e s to p p a g e s . In 1958, 332 s to p p a g e s in v o lv in g 1, 000 o r m o r e w o r k e r s id le d a to ta l o f 1,5 9 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s (ta ble 10). C o r r e s p o n d in g fig u r e s f o r 1957 w e r e 279 sto p p a g e s and 887, 000 w o r k e r s . M a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s a ttrib u ted to th e se la r g e r s to p p a g e s w e r e m o r e than 70 p e r c e n t h ig h e r in 1958 than in 1957. A s in p r e v io u s y e a r s , sto p p a g e s in v o lv in g 6 but fe w e r than 20 w o r k e r s a c c o u n te d f o r a su b sta n tia l p r o p o r t io n o f a ll s to p p a g e s (1 7 .5 p e r c e n t ), but a d d ed l e s s than 1 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and id le n e s s to the y e a r * s t o t a l s . 4 M o r e than h a lf o f the sto p p a g e s d u r ing 1958 in v o lv e d fe w e r than 100 w o r k e r s , but the w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in a ll o f the m o r e than 2 ,0 0 0 s t r ik e s in th is c a t e g o r y w e r e fe w e r in n u m ber than w e r e in v o lv e d in the y e a r 's la r g e s t ^stoppage. 3 M a jo r A g r e e m e n t E x p ir a tio n s and R e op e n in g s in 1958, M on th ly L a b o r R e v ie w , Ja n u a ry 1958, p. 30. 4 It is r e a s o n a b le to a s s u m e , fr o m th ese f ig u r e s , that the o m is s io n o f sto p p a g e s a f f e c t ing fe w e r than 6 w o r k e r s had no m e a s u r a b le a ffe c t oh w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and id le n e s s to t a ls . 2 T w e n ty -o n e sto p p a g e s in v o lv e d 10, 000 o r m o r e w o r k e r s in 1958, a s a g a in s t 13 in 1957 and 12 in 195.6 (ta ble 2 ). 5 T h e s e m a jo r s to p p a g e s co n trib u te d about t w o -fift h s o f the to ta l w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and id le n e s s in 1958. T h ey ra n g ed in the m a x im u m n u m b er o f w o r k e r s id le d at any on e tim e fr o m 10, 000 to 300, 000 (the la tte r fig u r e a p p lie s to tw o sim u lta n e o u s sto p p a g e s co n d u cte d b y d iffe r e n t u n ion s, at G e n e r a l M o t o r s C o r p . ). The F e b r u a r y strik e in the d r e s s in d u str y id le d 105,000 w o r k e r s . A b ou t 75, 000 e m p lo y e e s o f F o r d M o to r C o . and 56, 000 C h r y s le r C o r p . e m p lo y e e s w e r e id le d in S e p te m b e r and N o v e m b e r , r e s p e c t iv e ly . The fiv e m a jo r sto p p a g e s in the c o n s tru c tio n in d u stry in v o lv e d a to ta l o f a lm o s t 100, 000 w o r k e r s (ta ble 12). A b ou t t h r e e -fo u r t h s o f the y e a r ’ s s to p p a g e s in v o lv e d sin g le e s ta b lis h m e n t s , about the sa m e p r o p o r t io n a s in 1957, but one e s t a b lis h m e n t sto p p a g e s a c c o u n te d f o r on ly a th ird o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in a ll 1958 sto p p a g e s , a s a g a in s t h a lf o f the 1957 to ta l (ta b le 11). E a ch o f a p p r o x im a te ly 3 00 sto p p a g e s in v o lv e d m o r e than 10 e s t a b lis h m e n t s , and, in to ta l, a lm o s t h a lf o f a ll w o r k e r s id le d b y 1958 s to p p a g e s . D u ration The a v e r a g e s trik e d u ra tion in 1958 w a s 19.7 d a y s b e tw e e n the day the w o r k e r s stop p ed w o r k and the day th ey r e tu rn e d , an in c r e a s e o v e r the 3 p r e c e d in g y e a r s (ta ble 1). Ap p r o x im a t e ly 1, 300 sto p p a g e s in 1958 la s te d fo r m o r e than 2 w e e k s , (s lig h tly fe w e r than in 1957), but th e se sto p p a g e s in v o lv e d about 950, 000 w o r k e r s in 1958 a s c o m p a r e d w ith about 53 0, 000 in 1957 (table 13). A b ou t one out o f nine sto p p a g e s in 1958 w e r e 1 -d a y (fu ll day o r sh ift) a ffa ir s w h ich co n trib u te d l e s s than 1 p e r c e n t to the y e a r ’ s strik e id le n e s s , p r in c ip a lly b e c a u s e o f th e ir s h o r t d u ra tio n but a ls o b e c a u s e th ey ten d ed to in v o lv e fe w e r w o r k e r s than the lo n g e r s t o p p a g e s .6 A b ou t tw o out o f fiv e s to p p a g e s la s te d l e s s than a w e e k , the sa m e p r o p o r t io n a s in 1957. 5 A p p r o x im a te ly 1, 500 m e m b e r s o f the A ir L in e P ilo t s A s s o c ia t io n stop p ed w o r k at A m e r ic a n A i r li n e s on D e c e m b e r 20, 1958. On Janu ary 4, 1959, the co m p a n y fu rlo u g h e d an a d d itio n a l 20, 000 w o r k e r s . T h is stop p ag e is not in clu d e d in ta b le s 2 and 12 s in c e fe w e r than 10, 000 w o r k e r s w e r e id le in 1958. 6 The o m is s io n o f sto p p a g e s la stin g fo r l e s s than a fu ll day o r sh ift, a h is t o r ic a l p r o c e d u r e , w ou ld s e e m to have the e ffe c t o f u n d ersta tin g the n u m ber o f sto p p a g e s and w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in any y e a r , but lik e ly h as no sig n ific a n t e ffe c t on tota l m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . O f the 21 sto p p a g e s in v o lv in g 1 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s , 5 w e r e te r m in a te d in le s s than a w e e k , and 11 la s te d f o r a m on th o r lo n g e r . S top p a ges in v o lv in g the In tern a tion a l H a r v e s te r C o . and the P itts b u rg h P la te G la s s C o . w e r e not s e ttle d at y e a r -e n d ; w hen fin a lly te r m in a te d , th ey had la s te d f o r 71 d a y s and 134 d a y s , r e s p e c t iv e ly . T h e lo n g e s t m a jo r stop p a g e b eg in n in g and ending in 1958 w a s the 5 4 -d a y stop p ag e o f i r o n w o r k e r s in New Y o r k in m i d - y e a r . A c h a r a c t e r is t ic o f s e v e r a l o f the m a jo r d is p u te s w a s a r e la t iv e ly sh o r t s trik e o v e r the e c o n o m ic t e r m s o f the m a s t e r a g r e e m e n ts , le a d in g in to ex ten d ed s to p p a g e s at the lo c a l plant le v e l on the t e r m s o f plant su p p le m e n ta r y a g r e e m e n ts o r on m a tt e r s d ea lin g w ith c o m p lia n c e . One o f the y e a r ’ s la r g e s t s t r ik e s — the in d u stry w id e d isp u te in v o lv in g 105, 000 m e m b e r s o f the In tern a tion a l L a d ie s ’ G a rm en t W o r k e r s ' U n ion in the sp rin g — i l l u s tr a t e s th is p oin t. W id e s p r e a d id le n e s s in the d r e s s in d u stry la s te d l e s s than 10 d a y s in e a r ly M a r c h , en din g w ith a p p r o v a l o f a new m a s t e r w a g e c o n t r a c t , but in te r m itte n t strik e id le n e s s o f abou t 10, 000 w o r k e r s in New Y o r k and P e n n s y lv a n ia , b oth p r io r and su b seq u en t to the in d u stry w id e shutdow n, w h ich w a s a t tr ib uted to a v a r ie ty o f is s u e s , ex ten d ed the o v e r a ll len gth o f the stop p a g e to 53 d a y s . 7 The s t r ik e s at G e n e r a l M o to r s and F o r d o v e r c o n t r a c t t e r m s w e r e a ls o ex ten d ed b y sto p p a g e s o v e r lo c a l is s u e s . W h ile the L ib b e y -O w e n s -F o r d G la s s C o . and the G la s s and C e r a m ic W o r k e r s r e a c h e d a g r e e m e n t in le s s than a m on th , the P it t s b u rg h P la te G la s s C o . s tr ik e , in w h ich jo b s e c u r it y and w age in ce n tiv e is s u e s had b e c o m e im p o rta n t, had not b e e n se ttle d b y the end o f the y e a r . 8 A l s o in the g ro u p o f lo n g e r sto p p a g e s w e r e fo u r in v o lv in g c o n s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s in d is p u te s o v e r c o n t r a c t m a tt e r s — the 3 7 -d a y stop p a g e in O re g o n and S ou th w est W a sh in g ton in July and A u g u st, the 4 8 -d a y stop p ag e in the C le v e la n d a r e a in M ay and June, the 5 0 day stop p ag e in the H ou ston and G a lv e sto n , T e x . , a r e a , and the 5 4 -d a y stop p ag e o f ir o n w o r k e r s in New Y o r k in June, Ju ly, and the 7 S ig n ifica n t c h a n g e s in the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s id le d d u rin g the c o u r s e o f a stop p ag e a r e taken in to a c c o u n t in com p u tin g m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . 8 A g r e e m e n t b e tw e e n the G la s s and C e r a m ic W o r k e r s U n ion and the P itts b u r g h P la te G la s s C o . w a s r e a c h e d on F e b r u a r y 16, 1959; the p a r t ie s a g r e e d to su bm it u n settled jo b s e c u r it y and in ce n tiv e is s u e s to a r b itr a tio n . 3 f i r s t w e e k in A u g u st. T h e stop p a g e in v o lv in g m e m b e r s o f the U n ited A u to W o r k e r s and the C a t e r p illa r T r a c t o r C o . w a s o f 51 d a y s d u r a tio n ; the E a s t e r n A i r li n e s D isp u te w a s se ttle d in 38 d a y s ; and the stop p a g e o f t r u c k e r s in 11 W e s te r n States la s te d f o r 37 d a y s . E lim in a tin g S a tu rd a y s, Sundays, and h o l i d a y s , w hen w o r k w ou ld n o r m a lly not h ave b e e n sc h e d u le d , w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in 1958 stop p a g es w e r e id le d f o r 1 1 .6 w o rk in g d a y s , on the a v e r a g e , a sligh t in c r e a s e o v e r 1957 but su b sta n tia lly b e lo w the 1956 a v e r a g e (ta b le 1 ) . 9 w o r k e r s , jo b s e c u r it y , shop c o n d itio n s , o r w o r k lo a d p r o b le m s c on stitu ted the m a jo r o r s o le i s s u e s . T h e r e la t iv e in c id e n c e o f su ch sto p p a g e s w a s n ot s ig n ific a n tly d iffe r e n t fr o m that f o r the p o s tw a r p e r io d a s a w h o le , a l though the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d ten d s to show su b sta n tia l y e a r to y e a r flu c t u a t io n s . S in ce is s u e s r e la tin g to jo b s e c u r it y and w o rk in g c o n d itio n s a r e a ls o fr e q u e n tly p r e s e n t in sto p p a g e s a ttrib u ted to o th e r m a jo r is s u e s (in p r e v io u s y e a r s a s w e ll a s in 1958), the s ig n ific a n c e o f th e se is s u e s in 1958 s t r ik e s is u n dou btedly u n d ersta ted b y the data in ta b le 4 . M a jo r I s s u e s A b ou t h a lf o f the s to p p a g e s in 1958 w e r e p r e c ip ita te d b y d is p u te s o v e r is s u e s r e la tin g to w a g e s , h o u r s , and s u p p le m e n ta ry b e n e fit s , c o m m o n ly d e s ig n a te d " e c o n o m i c " is s u e s (ta b le 4 ). T h is r e p r e s e n t e d a slig h t in c r e a s e in r e la t iv e in c id e n c e o v e r 1957 and 1956, but w ith in the ra n g e o f the p r o p o r t io n o f sto p p a g e s a ttrib u te d t o e c o n o m ic is s u e s d u rin g th e p o s t w a r p e r io d . In 1958, h o w e v e r , su ch s to p p a g e s in v o lv e d , in to t a l, a h ig h e r p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r s in a ll sto p p a g e s than in 1957 and in m o s t o f the p r e c e d in g p o s tw a r y e a r s . E c o n o m ic is s u e s w e r e p a ra m ou n t at the in ce p tio n o f m o s t o f the m a jo r sto p p a g e s lis t e d in ta b le 12, but in s e v e r a l im p o rta n t c a s e s sto p p a g e s w e r e p r o lo n g e d b y d is a g r e e m e n t on d iffe r e n t is s u e s . 10 T h e G e n e r a l M o to r s and F o r d sto p p a g e s, a s p r e v io u s ly m e n tio n e d , w e r e e x ten d ed , a ft e r the b a s i c t e r m s o f new m a s t e r a g r e e m e n ts w e r e a g r e e d upon, b y d i s p u tes o v e r lo c a l plant is s u e s u n re la te d to the m a jo r e c o n o m ic t e r m s o f the new m a s te r c o n t r a c t s . A s m a jo r is s u e s in d is p u te s , m a tt e r s r e la tin g to union r e c o g n itio n , union s e c u r it y , and o th e r o r g a n iz a tio n a l is s u e s , a c c o m p a n ie d by e c o n o m ic i s s u e s , d e c lin e d in im p o r ta n c e in 1958. S top p a ges o v e r union o r g a n iz a tio n i s s u e s a lon e w e r e fe w e r in n u m b er and s m a lle r in r e la t iv e p r o p o r t io n to the to ta l n u m b er o f s to p p a g e s than in any o th e r p o s tw a r y e a r . O nly in 1949 w e r e fe w e r w o r k e r s in v o lv e d . T o g e th e r w ith the sto p p a g e s in w h ich e c o n o m ic is s u e s w e r e a ls o im p o rta n t, union o r g a n iza tio n sto p p a g e s a c c o u n te d f o r ab ou t 16 p e r c e n t o f a ll sto p p a g e s, but sin ce th ey ten ded to be s m a lle r in s iz e than oth er ty p e s o f s to p p a g e s , th ey in v o lv e d on ly 3 .5 p e r c e n t o f the w ork ers. In the c o m b in e d a m ou n ts, 1958 sto p p a g e s in th e se c a t e g o r ie s , a s a p r o p o r tio n o f the to ta l n u m ber o f sto p p a g e s, wfere lo w b y p o s tw a r sta n d a rd s . S top p a g es c a u s e d by in teru n ion o r in tr a union is s u e s , m a in ly ju r is d ic t io n a l d is p u te s , a c c o u n te d fo r n e a r ly 9 p e r c e n t o f the to ta l, but in v o lv e d o n ly 2 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k e r s . Such sto p p a g e s w e r e s m a lle r than u su al in 1958 in t e r m s o f n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d , but th e ir r e la t iv e in c id e n c e r e m a in e d h igh . F o r a lm o s t a fo u rth o f the s to p p a g e s , In a b so lu te n u m b e r s , th e r e w e r e m o r e s to p in v o lv in g slig h tly m o r e than a fo u rth o f the p a g e s o f th is n ature in the 3 y e a r s f o llo w ing than in the 3 y e a r s b e fo r e the AFJL-CIO m e r g e r in D e c e m b e r 1955. W h eth er th is 9 The a v e r a g e s trik e d u ra tio n (1 9 .7 d a y s ), w a s a r e a l in c r e a s e , o r a r e fle c t io n o f the w h ich is the m ea n e la p s e d tim e o f s to p p a g e s , fe d e r a t i o n ^ e ffo r t s to b r in g su ch sto p p a g e s in clu d e d up to 6 n on w ork d a y s (o r p o s s ib ly out in to the op en , o r a r e s u lt o f b e t te r r e 7 cou n tin g h o lid a y s ). E a c h sto p p a g e , r e p o r tin g f a c i l i t i e s , it is d iffic u lt to sa y ; at g a r d le s s o f s iz e , is g iv e n eq u a l w eig h t in any r a te , the a b ility o f the B u rea u to le a r n th is com p u ta tio n . Id le n e s s p e r w o r k e r , on o f, and ob ta in in fo r m a tio n on , th e se d is p u te s the o th e r hand, is s t r o n g ly in flu e n c e d by the h a s m a r k e d ly im p r o v e d . la r g e r s to p p a g e s . *° S trik e se ttle m e n ts a r e o fte n d e la y e d b y fa ilu r e to a g r e e on an is s u e w h ich w a s not a In d u s tr ie s A ffe c te d m a jo r one p r e c ip ita tin g the strik e o r w h ich m a y not h ave b e e n an is s u e w hen the s trik e s ta r te d . F o r th is and o th e r r e a s o n s , to ta l A ll m e a s u r e s o f s trik e a c tiv it y w e r e m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s a ttrib u te d to the d if h ig h e r f o r m a n u fa ctu rin g than f o r n onm an u fe r e n t is s u e s in ta b le 4 sh ou ld be in te r p r e te d fa c tu r in g in d u s tr ie s in 1958 (ta ble 5 ), c o n w ith ca u tion . tinu in g a d iffe r e n t ia l that h a s p r e v a ile d sin ce 4 1949, w ith the e x c e p t io n o f 1 9 5 4 .11 The n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in sto p p a g e s a f fe c tin g m a n u fa ctu rin g e s ta b lis h m e n ts in 1958 in c r e a s e d s u b s ta n tia lly o v e r 1957, w h ile a s m a ll d e c lin e w as r e c o r d e d f o r n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g . M a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in n o n m a n u fa c tu rin g r o s e b y a lm o s t 1 .5 m illio n , as a g a in s t a 6 -m illio n in c r e a s e in m a n u fa c tu r in g . No a p p r e c ia b le ch a n ge o c c u r r e d in the n u m b er o f sto p p a g e s b y in d u str y d iv is io n . A m o n g m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s in 1958, s ig n ific a n t in c r e a s e s in w o r k e r s on s t r ik e and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s o v e r le v e ls o f the p r e v io u s y e a r w e r e r e c o r d e d f o r the m e t a lw o r k ing g r o u p s , e x ce p tin g p r im a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s and o r d n a n c e . The tr a n s p o r ta tio n eq u ip m en t g rou p (c h ie fly m o t o r v e h ic le s and eq u ip m en t) a lon e a c c o u n te d f o r 27 p e r c e n t o f a il w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in sto p p a g e s d u rin g the y e a r and 18 p e r c e n t o f tota l m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . In 1955, w hen 3 -y e a r a g r e e m e n ts w e r e n e g o tia te d in the a u to m o b ile in d u stry a ft e r s to p p a g e s , s t r ik e s in v o lv e d su b s ta n tia lly fe w e r w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id l e n e s s than in 1958. E c o n o m ic is s u e s and m a t te r s r e la tin g to w o rk in g c o n d itio n s w e r e the p r in c ip a l is s u e s in tr a n s p o rta tio n eq u ip m en t sto p p a g e s in b oth 1955 and 1958 (ta b le A - 2 ) . O th er su b sta n tia l in c r e a s e s in s trik e a c tiv ity o v e r 1957 w e r e r e c o r d e d in a p p a r e l (w ith the f i r s t in d u stry w id e stop p a g e in the d r e s s in d u s tr y in 25 y e a r s ) and in s to n e , c la y and g la s s p r o d u c ts (in flu e n ce d b y L ib b e y -O w e n s F o r d and P itts b u r g h P la te G la s s s to p p a g e s ). A ll m e a s u r e s o f s tr ik e a c tiv it y in the c o n s t r u c tio n in d u stry w e r e h ig h e r in 1958 than in the p a st s e v e r a l y e a r s . F iv e m a jo r s t r ik e s , in v o lv in g fr o m 1 0 ,0 0 0 to 3 0 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s in v a r io u s s e c t io n s o f the c o u n tr y , w e r e r e s p o n s ib le f o r id le n e s s o f n e a r ly 2 m illio n m a n -d a y s , o r 40 p e r c e n t o f a ll c o n s t r u c tion id le n e s s . S top p a g es on 4 m a jo r a ir lin e s , w h ich in v o lv e d a tota l o f 3 6 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s f o r p e r io d s ra n gin g fr o m 16 to 38 d a y s , w e r e r e s p o n s ib le f o r a c o n s id e r a b le p a rt o f the id le n e s s in the tr a n s p o r t a tio n and c o m m u n ic a tio n in d u stry g ro u p . The la r g e s t s tr ik e in this g rou p in v o lv e d 3 0 ,0 0 0 t r u c k d r iv e r s in 11 W e s te r n S ta te s. Id le n e s s in this s tr ik e and the a i r lin e s s t r ik e s a m ou n ted to tw o -th ir d s o f the id le n e s s f o r the in d u stry g rou p as a w h o le . 11 A c c o r d in g to B u rea u e s t im a t e s , s lig h tly m o r e than h a lf o f a ll u nion m e m b e r s , e x clu d in g m e m b e r s in g o v e r n m e n t, w e r e e m p lo y e d in m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u s tr ie s in 1956. S ee D ir e c t o r y o f N a tion al and In tern a tion a l L a b o r U nions in the U nited S ta tes, 1957 (B L S B u ll. 1222), p. 13. A m on g the in d u stry g ro u p s w ith a n o ta b ly low s t r ik e r e c o r d f o r 1958, in c o m p a r i so n w ith p r e v io u s y e a r s o r in r e la t io n in the v o lu m e o f m a jo r c o n t r a c t r e n e g o tia tio n s in 1958, w e r e te x t ile s , p a p e r , r u b b e r , le a th e r p r o d u c t s , and, p e rh a p s m o s t c o n s p ic u o u s ly , m in in g . S top p a ges b y L o c a tio n R e g io n s . — The n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in sto p p a g e s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in c r e a s e d su b s ta n tia lly o v e r 1957 in the M id d le A tla n tic and E a st N orth C e n tr a l r e g io n s (ta b le 6). S m a ll in c r e a s e s in w o r k e r s in v o lv e d w e r e r e c o r d e d f o r W e s t N orth C e n tr a l, M oun tain, and P a c if ic r e g io n s . C o n t r a r i w is e , the th ree sou th ern r e g io n s sh ow ed a d e c lin e in to ta l w o r k e r s in v o lv e d , but an in c r e a s e in id le n e s s w as r e g is t e r e d b y the W e s t South C e n tr a l r e g io n . S t a t e s . — The e ffe c t s o f the su b sta n tia l n u m b e r o f la r g e w o r k sto p p a g e s in the t r a n s p o r ta tio n eq u ip m en t in d u str y w as r e fle c t e d in th ose S tates h avin g a s iz a b le p r o p o r t io n o f the in d u s tr y 's e m p lo y m e n t. T r a n s p o r ta tio n eq u ip m en t in d u stry sto p p a g e s a c c o u n te d f o r m o r e than h a lf o f M ich ig a n 's id le n e s s and tw o th ird s o f the tota l w o r k e r s in v o lv e d (ta b les 7 and A - 3 ) . In O hio, w h e r e the s e c o n d h ig h e s t id le n e s s w as r e c o r d e d , s t r ik e s in th r e e m a n u fa ctu rin g in d u stry g ro u p s (tr a n s p o r ta tion eq u ip m en t, m a c h in e r y , and e l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y ) to g e th e r c a u se d n e a r ly h a lf the id le n e s s . N ew Y o r k had 26 4, 000 w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in s to p p a g e s , r e s u ltin g in m o r e than 2 m i l lio n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s ; 11 o f the 21 m a jo r sto p p a g e s o c c u r r e d w h o lly o r p a r t ia lly w ith in the S tate. T w o la r g e s t r ik e s c o n trib u te d to P en n sy lv a n ia id le n e s s — the g la s s w o r k e r s s trik e at p la n ts o f L ib b e y -O w e n s -F o r d G la s s C o . and the P itts b u rg h P la te G la s s C o . in O c t o b e r and the stop p a g e at d r e s s m a n u fa ctu rin g pla n ts in F e b r u a r y , M a r c h , and A p r il . S ix t y s e v e n s t r ik e s in the c o n s t r u c t io n in d u stry c a u s e d m o r e than a q u a r te r m illio n m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . G e o r g ia r e c o r d e d its h ig h e st n u m b er o f w o r k e r s id le s in c e 1946, b e in g a ffe c te d b y tw o o f the m a jo r s t r ik e s (G e n e r a l M o to r s C o r p . and E a s te r n A i r li n e s ) as w e ll as b y sto p p a g e s in a i r c r a f t m a n u fa c tu r in g , s t e e l, and the p a p e r and pulp in d u s tr y . The E a s t e r n A ir lin e s d isp u te and a c o n s tr u c tio n s tr ik e c o n trib u te d to the in c r e a s e d id le n e s s in F l o r id a . S e v e r a l s m a lle r , le s s in d u s tr ia liz e d S ta te s, e . g. , A r iz o n a and N ew M e x ic o , had g r e a tly in c r e a s e d id le n e s s as the r e s u lt o f 5 m a jo r in te r s ta te s t r ik e s . M a jo r sto p p a g e s in v o lv in g c o n s tr u c tio n w o r k e r s co n trib u te d to an in c r e a s e in m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s in O h io, O re g o n , T e x a s , and W ash in g ton . N e b ra sk a sh ow ed a m a r k e d in c r e a s e o v e r 1957 in w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s , due to a 7 -w e e k s t r ik e in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u s try and a p r o lo n g e d bu s s t r ik e w h ich a f fe c t e d a n u m b er o f m id w e s te r n and w e s t e r n S ta te s. M e tr o p o lita n A r e a s . — M o r e than 100 s t o p p a g e s w e r e r e c o r d e d in fou r m e t r o p o lita n a r e a s in 1958— C h ic a g o , D e tr o it, P h ila d e lp h ia , and N ew Y o r k -N o r t h e a s t e r n N ew J e r s e y (ta ble 8). In the la tte r , as w e ll as in the C le v e la n d and D e tr o it m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , id le n e s s e x c e e d e d 1 ,0 0 0 , 000 m a n -d a y s . M on th ly T re n d s T h r e e -fift h s o f the y e a r 's sto p p a g e s b e gan du rin g the s e c o n d and th ird q u a r te r s o f 1958 (ta b le 3). H o w e v e r , the n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s id le and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s w e r e h ig h e r in the la s t tw o q u a r te r s o f the y e a r , due to the in c id e n c e o f m a jo r s t o p p a g e s . A s ig n ific a n t p r o p o r t io n o f the id le n e s s in the th ird and fo u rth q u a r te r s w as due to m a jo r s to p p a g e s in the m o t o r v e h ic le , fa r m eq u ip m en t, g la s s , and tr a n s p o rta tio n in d u s tr ie s . S ix te e n o f the y e a r 's m a jo r sto p p a g e s (in clu d in g the y e a r 's la r g e s t ) b e g a n d u rin g the la s t h a lf o f the y e a r (ta b le 12). T h e se 16 s to p p a g e s a c c o u n te d f o r 6 4 3 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s , and ab ou t h a lf o f the tota l id le n e s s b e tw e e n Ju ly and the end o f the y e a r . U nions In v olv ed The s to p p a g e s in v o lv in g the th r e e m a jo r a u to m o b ile c o m p a n ie s w e r e r e s p o n s ib le f o r 45 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and m a n days id le in D e tr o it, w h ich r e g is t e r e d the h ig h e s t id le n e s s o f any m e t r o p o lita n a r e a . T h e se s to p p a g e s w e r e in clu d e d in the 42 s t r ik e s w h ich in v o lv e d 1 ,0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s e a c h in the D e tr o it a r e a . The N ew Y o r k -N o r t h e a s t e r n N ew J e r s e y a r e a , s e c o n d h ig h e s t in w o r k e r s and id le n e s s a m on g the m e t r o p o lit a n a r e a s , r e c o r d e d about the sa m e p e r c e n ta g e o f w o r k e r s id le in th ree m a jo r s t r ik e s — m illin e r y , a p p a r e l, and n e w s p a p e r p u b lish in g in d u s tr ie s . T h ir t y -o n e p e r cen t o f the id le n e s s o c c u r r e d in th e se th ree s t r ik e s . T h is a r e a had 34 s t r ik e s e a c h in v o lv in g at le a s t 1 ,0 0 0 w o r k e r s . In 1958, abou t t h r e e -q u a r t e r s o f the s t o p p a g e s , a c c o u n tin g f o r c lo s e to n in e -te n th s o f the w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s , in v o lv e d a ffilia t e s o f the A F L -C I O (ta ble 9 ) . 12 O f th is id le n e s s , about o n e -fift h w as a ttr ib u ta b le to sto p p a g e s in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u stry . U n a ffilia te d u nion s a c c o u n te d f o r abou t a fifth o f the s t r ik e s , bu t on ly ab ou t a tenth o f the w o r k e r s a ffe c te d and the m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . A p p r o x im a te ly 20 p e r c e n t o f the s to p p a g e s in th is g rou p o c c u r r e d in the c o a l m in in g in d u str y , but th e se sto p p a g e s a cco u n te d f o r o n ly 5 p e r c e n t o f the id le n e s s . M ore than a th ird o f the id le n e s s in v o lv in g u n a ffili ated u nion s o c c u r r e d in the tr u ck in g in d u str y . M eth od s o f T e r m in a tin g S top p a ges In C le v e la n d , m o r e than h a lf the id le n e s s r e s u lte d fr o m the 4 8 -d a y m a jo r s t r ik e in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u s tr y . O ther a r e a s a ffe c te d b y la r g e s t r ik e s in the c o n s tr u c tio n in d u str y w e r e P o r tla n d , O r e g . , H ou ston and G a lv e sto n , T e x . , and B u ffa lo and o th e r u p state N ew Y ork a re a s . The la r g e s t s t r ik e s in the C h ic a g o m e t r o p o lita n a r e a , w h e r e id le n e s s am ou n ted to th r e e -fo u r th s o f a m illio n m a n -d a y s , in v o lv e d n e a r ly 1 6 ,0 0 0 e m p lo y e e s o f the In d i ana H a r b o r W ork s o f the Inland S teel C o . , and 11,000 In tern a tion a l H a r v e s te r C o . e m p lo y e e s . A b ou t tw o -fift h s o f the sto p p a g e s ending in 1958, as in p r e v io u s y e a r s , w e r e t e r m i n ated th rou g h d ir e c t n e g o tia tio n s b e tw e e n e m p lo y e r s and e m p lo y e e s o r th e ir r e p r e s e n t a tiv e s (ta b le 14 ). T h e se d ir e c t ly n e g o tia te d s e ttle m e n ts a c c o u n te d f o r h a lf the w o r k e r s and a lm o s t tw o -fift h s o f the to ta l m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . The v a r io u s sto p p a g e s in v o lv in g a u to m o b ile m a n u fa ctu rin g c o m p a n ie s w e r e s e ttle d d ir e c t ly b e tw e e n the p a r t ie s , w ith ou t m e d ia tio n . A b ou t a th ird o f the sto p p a g e s en din g in 1958, in v o lv in g a th ird o f the w o r k e r s and a cc o u n tin g f o r h a lf the id le n e s s w e r e te r m in a te d w ith the a s s is t a n c e o f g o v e r n m e n t m e d ia tio n and c o n c ilia tio n a g e n c ie s . T o le d o le v e ls w e r e a ffe c te d b y the G en e r a l M o to r s s to p p a g e s , the sto p p a g e o f g la s s w o r k e r s , the E l e c t r ic A u t o -L it e C o . d is p u te , and the p r o lo n g e d s t r ik e o f d e p a rtm e n t s t o r e w o r k e r s that b e g a n in 1957. 12 D ata a r e n ot y e a r s b e c a u s e o f the s io n o f the T e a m s t e r s , L a u n d ry W o r k e r s fr o m c o m p a r a b le w ith p r e v io u s D e c e m b e r 1957 e x p u l B a k e r y W o r k e r s , and the A F L -C I O . 6 S ix teen p e r c e n t o f the s t o p p a g e s , in v o lv ing 8 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k e r s and 4 p e r c e n t o f the tota l id le n e s s , en ded in 1958 w ith ou t f o r m a l se ttle m e n t, i. e . , n e ith e r s e ttle m e n t o f the is s u e s n o r an a g r e e m e n t to r e s u m e n e g o t ia t io n s . T h is g ro u p in clu d e s s o - c a l l e d " l o s t " s t r ik e s , w h e r e w o r k e r s r e tu r n to th e ir jo b s b e c a u s e th e ir ca u s e a p p e a r e d h o p e le s s o r e m p lo y e r s h ir e d n ew w o r k e r s to r e p la c e s tr ik in g e m p lo y e e s . E s ta b lis h m e n ts in v o lv e d in 1 p e r c e n t o f the s t r ik e s r e p o r t e d that b u s i n e s s w as d is co n tin u e d . D is p o s it io n o f Is s u e s In a p p r o x im a te ly 90 p e r c e n t o f the w o r k s to p p a g e s en din g in 1958 n o is s u e s w e r e le ft to b e r e s o lv e d a fte r w o r k w as r e s u m e d (ta b le 15 ). M o s t o f th e se in s ta n ce s in v o lv e d fin a l a g r e e m e n t on the is s u e s o r r e f e r r a l to e s t a b lis h e d c o n t r a c t g r ie v a n c e p r o c e d u r e s , but this c a t e g o r y a ls o in clu d e s sto p p a g e s in w h ich the s t r ik e r s r e tu rn e d to w o r k w ith ou t r e a c h in g a g r e e m e n t and w ith ou t p r o v id in g f o r su b seq u en t a d ju s tm e n ts . The p a r t ie s in a b ou t 5 p e r c e n t o f the d i s pu tes ending in 1958 a g r e e d to r e s u m e w o r k w h ile con tin u in g to n e g o tia te b e tw e e n th e m se lv e s . In a n oth er 4 p e r c e n t o f the c a s e s th ey r e tu rn e d to w o r k , a ft e r a g r e e in g to c o n tinue to n e g o tia te w ith the aid o f a th ird p a r ty , to su b m it the d isp u te to a r b itr a tio n , o r to r e f e r the u n s e ttle d is s u e s to an a p p r o p r ia te g o v e r n m e n t a g e n c y f o r d e c is io n o r e le c t io n . T R E N D S IN WORK S T O P P A G E S THOUSANDS UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS 9 TABLE 1. WORK STOPPAGES IN THE UNITED STATES, 1927-581 W ork s t o p p a g e s Y ear N u m ber A verage d u r a tio n ( c a le n d a r d ay s) 3 707 604 921 637 2 6 .5 2 7 .6 .................. 1931 . . . . 1932 ________________________________ 1933 . ____ 1934 ________________________________ 1935 ________ _ 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 W o rk e r s in v o lv e d 2 N u m b er (th o u s a n d s ) P ercen t o f to ta l e m p lo y e d M a n -d a y s id le d u rin g y e a r P ercen t of e s t im a t e d N u m b er w o rk in g (th o u sa n d s) tim e o f a l l w o rk e rs P er w ork er in v o lv e d 0 .3 7 . 17 .0 7 .0 5 7 9 .5 4 0 .2 1 8 .5 1 8 .1 . 11 .2 3 .3 6 .3 8 .2 9 20.2 .21 1 7 .6 1 5 .3 1 3 .3 1 5 .2 1 .4 1 .3 26,200 12,600 2 2 .3 330 314 289 183 1.2 .8 5 ,3 5 0 3 ,3 2 0 810 841 1 ,6 9 5 1 ,8 5 6 2 ,0 1 4 1 8 .8 1 9 .6 1 6 .9 1 9 .5 2 3 .8 342 324 1 ,1 7 0 1 ,4 7 0 1 , 120 1.6 1.8 1 0 ,5 0 0 6 .3 7 .2 5 .2 16,900 19,600 2 ,1 7 2 4 ,7 4 0 2 ,7 7 2 2 ,6 1 3 2 ,5 0 8 2 3 .3 2 0 .3 2 3 .6 2 3 .4 2 0 .9 789 1 ,8 6 0 3. 1 7 .2 1 3 ,9 0 0 2 8 ,4 0 0 9 , 150 1 7 ,8 0 0 6 ,7 0 0 .4 3 . 15 .2 8 . 10 _ ___ _________ . . 4 ,2 8 8 2 ,9 6 8 3 ,7 5 2 4 ,9 5 6 4 ,7 5 0 1 8 .3 1 1 .7 5 .0 5 .6 9 .9 2 3 ,0 0 0 4 ,1 8 0 1 3 ,5 0 0 8 ,7 2 0 3 8 ,0 0 0 .3 2 .0 5 . 15 .0 9 .4 7 ....................................................... __ ____________________________ ..................... ........ ............................ ............................................................... 4 ,9 8 5 3 ,6 9 3 3 ,4 1 9 3 ,6 0 6 4 ,8 4 3 1 .4 3 .4 1 .3 7 .5 9 .4 4 2 5 .2 1 5 .9 1 7 .4 1 6 .7 1951 __ _ _ 1952 . ...................................... 1953 1954 _ _ _ ___ 1955 ------------------------------------------- 1956 _ _ ____________ ______ ______ 1957 _ ______ _ _ _ _________ 1958 _ __ _ _ ____ 1927 . 1928 . 1929 1930 - _ _ __ ________ __ _ __ . ......................................... . . ......................................... ------------------------------------------- 1941 1942 . . 1943 _ 1944 __ 1945 ..................... 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 . . . ............. - - _________________ _ - 22.6 6,890 1 5 ,5 0 0 3 2 .4 1 4 .4 1 3 .4 1 3 .8 688 2.8 1 ,1 7 0 577 4 .7 2 .3 2 ,3 6 0 840 8 .4 1,980 2,120 6 .9 7 .0 3 ,4 7 0 12.2 2 4 .2 2 5 .6 4 ,6 0 0 2 , 170 1,960 2 2 .5 1 9 .2 3 ,0 3 0 2 ,4 1 0 1 4 .5 6 .5 5 .5 9 .0 6 .9 116,000 21.8 4 ,7 3 7 5 ,1 1 7 5 ,0 9 1 3 ,4 6 8 4 ,3 2 0 1 7 .4 1 9 .6 2 0 .3 2 2 .5 1 8 .5 2,220 5 .5 3 ,5 4 0 2 ,4 0 0 1 ,5 3 0 2 ,6 5 0 8.8 5 .6 . 23 .5 7 1 0 .3 1 6 .7 6.2 2 2 ,9 0 0 59,1 0 0 2 8 ,3 0 0 2 2 ,6 0 0 2 8 ,2 0 0 .26 .21 .26 1 4 .7 1 0 .7 3 ,8 2 5 3 ,6 7 3 3 ,6 9 4 1 8 .9 1 9 .2 1 9 .7 1 ,9 0 0 1 ,3 9 0 4 .3 3. 1 4 .8 3 3 ,1 0 0 1 6 ,5 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 .2 9 . 14 1 7 .4 1 1 .4 .22 11.6 2,060 2.8 3 .7 3 4 ,6 0 0 3 4 ,1 0 0 5 0 ,5 0 0 3 8 ,8 0 0 11.6 9 .8 5 .0 6.8 4. 1 11.0 16.1 11.8 The n u m b e r o f s t o p p a g e s an d w o r k e r s r e la t e to th o se b e g in n in g in the y e a r ; a v e r a g e d u r a tio n , to th o se in the y e a r . M a n -d a y s o f i d le n e s s in c lu d e a ll s t o p p a g e s in e ffe c t . A v a ila b le in fo r m a tio n fo r e a r l i e r p e r io d s a p p e a r s in the H and book o f L a b o r S t a t i s t i c s (B L S B u ll. 1016), ta b le E - 2 . F o r a d i s c u s s i o n o f the p r o c e d u r e s in v o lv e d in the c o lle c t io n an d c o m p ila tio n o f w o rk s to p p a g e s t a t i s t i c s , s e e T e c h n iq u e s o f P r e p a r in g M a jo r B L S S t a t i s t i c a l S e r i e s (B L S B u ll. 1168), c h. 12. 2 In th e se t a b le s , w o r k e r s a r e co u n ted m o r e than on ce i f they w e re in v o lv e d in m o re than 1 sto p p a g e d u rin g the y e a r . 3 F i g u r e s a r e s im p le a v e r a g e s ; e a c h s to p p a g e i s g iv e n e q u a l w e ig h t r e g a r d l e s s o f it s s i z e . 1 en d in g 1 0 TABLE 2. WORK STOPPAGES INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS, SELECTED PERIODS S to p p a g e s in v o lv in g 1 0 ,0 0 0 o r m o r e w o r k e r s M a n -d a y s id le W o r k e r s in v o lv e d P e r io d N u m b er 1 9 3 5 -3 9 a v e r a g e _ __ ___ 1 9 4 7 -4 9 a v e r a g e __________________ 1945 1946 I __’ ___" I_________ ’ ___ 1947 ________________________________ 1948 ________________________________ 1949 i r ’ i i i - i ” ! ___I.................... I 1950 .................................................................. 1 9 5 1 ............................................................... 1952 .................................................................. 1 9 5 3 ________________________________ 1954 .................................................................. 1955 ________________________________ 1956 I............................................................. 1957 „ _ ............................................ 1958 .................................................................. 1 P ercen t of to ta l fo r p e r io d N u m b er (th o u sa n d s) 365 1 ,2 7 0 1 ,3 5 0 2 ,9 2 0 1 ,0 3 0 870 1 ,9 2 0 738 457 1 ,6 9 0 650 437 11 18 42 31 15 20 18 22 19 35 28 18 1,210 26 12 758 283 823 13 21 N u m b er (th o u sa n d s) 3 2 .4 5 3 .4 3 8 .9 6 3 .6 4 7 .5 4 4 .5 6 3 .2 3 0 .7 P ercen t of to ta l fo r p e r io d 1 5 ,2 9 0 2 3 ,8 0 0 1 9 ,3 0 0 6 6 ,4 0 0 1 7 ,7 0 0 1 8 ,9 0 0 3 4 ,9 0 0 2 1 ,7 0 0 5 ,6 8 0 3 6 ,9 0 0 7 ,2 7 0 7 ,5 2 0 1 2 ,3 0 0 20.6 4 7 .8 2 7 .1 2 8 .5 4 5 .6 3 9 .9 2 0 .4 4 0 .0 3 1 .2 5 9 .9 5 0 .7 5 7 .2 5 1 .2 5 5 .3 6 9 .0 5 6 .0 2 4 .8 6 2 .6 2 5 .7 3 3 .3 4 3 .4 5 9 .1 1 8 .5 4 4 .2 19,600 3 ,0 5 0 1 0 ,6 0 0 In c lu d e s id le n e s s in s t o p p a g e s b eg in n in g in e a r l i e r y e a r s . TABLE 3. WORK STOPPAGES BY MONTH, 1957-58 N u m b er o f s t o p p a g e s W o rk e r s in v o lv e d in s t o p p a g e s In e ffe c t d u rin g m onth B e g in n in g in m onth M onth In e ffe c t d u rin g m onth B e g in n in g in m on th (th o u s a n d s ) N u m b er (th o u san d s)i P ercen t o f to ta l e m p lo y e d M a n -d a y s id le d u rin g m onth N u m b er (th o u sa n d s) P ercen t of e s t im a t e d w o rk in g tim e o f a l l w o rk ers 1957 J a n u a r y ____ _ ------ __ ________ F e b r u a r y _____ ____ ____ __ _ _ M a r c h ____ __ _________ __ __ A p r il , , „, M ay _ __ ___ J u n e ____ ______ ____ __ J u l y ............................ A u g u st _ __ ________ _ __ __ S e p t e m b e r __ __ _____ __ O c to b e r __ _ __ _________ __ _ ___ N o v e m b e r _ _ __ __ __ __ __ D e c e m b e r __________________________ 240 229 276 389 446 388 415 370 335 293 184 108 341 361 402 522 634 577 603 601 518 471 340 220 57 59 77 165 179 154 129 136 243 95 63 31 73 121 107 203 243 238 228 226 279 159 109 54 0 . 16 .2 7 .2 4 .4 5 .5 4 .5 2 .5 0 .4 9 .61 .3 5 .2 4 . 12 618 925 802 1,610 1 ,9 9 0 2 ,0 5 0 2 ,4 8 0 1 ,6 9 0 1 ,7 3 0 1 ,4 1 0 765 404 0.06 . 10 .0 9 . 16 .20 .2 3 .2 5 .1 7 .1 9 . 13 .0 8 .0 4 1958 J a n u a r y _____________________________ F e b r u a r y __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ M a rrli A p r i l ___ __ M ay __ ____ Ju n e __ __ ____ _ , __ ... __ _ __ _ _ _ Tnly A u g u st ______ S e p te m b e r T __ O c t o b e r ____ __ N o v e m b e r __ ___ D e c e m b e r _ __ _ _____ __ ____ ____ _ __ _ _ _ __ __ ___ __ __ 208 159 195 293 360 374 399 403 471 391 305 136 307 262 309 411 519 552 596 638 712 637 497 357 83 36 159 82 156 156 159 162 324 463 224 58 98 52 182 122 200 247 238 288 41 4 531 296 169 .2 3 . 12 .4 3 .2 9 .4 8 .5 8 .5 6 . 67 .9 6 1 .2 3 595 404 1 ,2 4 0 1 , 100 1 ,9 4 0 1 ,8 5 0 2 , 160 2 ,4 0 0 5 ,4 2 0 .68 2,210 .3 9 2 ,4 3 0 2,160 .0 6 .0 5 .1 4 . 12 .22 .21 .2 3 . 24 .26 .5 5 .2 7 .2 5 11 TABLE 4. MAJOR ISSUES INVOLVED IN WORK STOPPAGES, 1958 M a n -d a y s id le d u rin g 1958 ( a ll s to p p a g e s ) S to p p a g e s b eg in n in g in 1958 W o rk e r s in v o lv e d M a jo r i s s u e s N u m b er P ercen t of to ta l N um ber P ercen t of to ta l N u m b er P ercen t of to ta l 3, 694 100. 0 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 100. 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 100. 0 __ 1 ,8 7 5 50. 8 1 ,3 8 0 ,0 0 0 67. 2 18, 300, 000 76. 7 W age in c r e a s e _______________________ W age d e c r e a s e _______________________ W age i n c r e a s e , h ou r d e c r e a s e ______ W age i n c r e a s e , p e n s io n , a n d /o r s o c i a l in su r a n c e b e n e fits __ ____ P e n s io n a n d /o r s o c i a l in s u r a n c e b e n e fits ___ ____ __ ___ __ __ O th er 1 _ ____ _ ______ _________ 1 ,2 0 4 27 42 32. 6 .7 1. 1 979, 0 0 0 6 , 230 2 9 ,8 0 0 47. 5 .3 1. 4 1 1 ,8 0 0 ,0 0 0 7 7 ,1 0 0 A ll i s s u e s _ _ _ __ _______ ____ __ W a g e s, h o u r s , and s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fits _ __ ___ _____ Union o r g a n iz a t io n , w a g e s , h o u r s , an d s u p p le m e n ta r y b e n e fits _______ ____ R e c o g n itio n , w a g e , a n d /o r h o u rs ____ __ _ __ ____ ____ __ S tre n g th e n in g b a r g a in in g p o s itio n , w a g e s , a n d /o r h o u rs __ _ ______ Union s e c u r it y , w a g e s , a n d /o r h o u r s __ __ __ _ ____ ___ _ __ __ D is c r im in a ti o n , w a g e s , a n d /o r h o u r s __ ____ __ __ _ _ _____ _ _ 200,000 49. 5 .3 .8 6 3 ,7 0 0 ,0 0 0 15. 5 290 7. 9 1 9 9 ,0 0 0 21 291 . 6 7. 9 162,000 .4 7 .9 1 8 8 ,0 0 0 2, 330, 000 .8 9. 7 221 6. 0 3 3 ,3 0 0 1. 6 1, 2 6 0 ,0 0 0 5. 3 153 4. , 170 .4 2 8 4 ,0 0 0 1. 2 1 8 ,4 0 0 .9 7 8 2 ,0 0 0 3. 3 .3 1 9 4 ,0 0 0 . 2 1 , 080 (3 ) 1 25 .7 43 1. 2 9, 150 8 6, 790 9. - - __ 362 9. 8 39, 600 1. 9 6 3 9 ,0 0 0 2. 7 R e c og n itio n __ ____________ _ _ S tre n g th e n in g b a r g a in in g p o s i t i o n ___ Union s e c u r i t y _______________________ D is c r im in a ti o n _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ ------O th er ......... ....................................................... 252 24 69 6. 8 . 6 9 1 3 ,3 0 0 1 1 ,8 0 0 1 1 ,4 0 0 290 2, 790 . 6 . 6 . 6 (3 ) . 1 2 8 6 ,0 0 0 2 2 8 ,0 0 0 9 8 ,5 0 0 1 4 ,3 0 0 1 1 ,8 0 0 1. 2 1. 0 1. 9 .2 .2 O th er w o rk in g c o n d itio n s __ _ __ __ __ 876 23. 7 5 5 8 ,0 0 0 27. 1 3 ,4 3 0 ,0 0 0 14. 4 J o b s e c u r i t y __ __ __ ____ __ _ __ Shop c o n d itio n s and p o lic ie s _ __ ___ Wo r k lo a d _ __ _ ____ __ _ __ __ O th er -------------------------------------------- 434 358 81 3 11. 7 9 .7 2. 2 . 1 2 5 4 ,0 0 0 2 5 8 ,0 0 0 4 3 ,2 0 0 2, 840 12. 3 12. 5 2. 1 . 1 1 ,9 9 0 ,0 0 0 1, 120,000 2 9 5 .0 0 0 2 7 ,3 0 0 8 .3 4. 7 1. 2 .1 In te ru n io n o r in tra u n io n m a t t e r s _______ 321 8. 4 2 ,1 0 0 2. 0 2 1 8 ,0 0 0 .9 S y m p a t h y _____________________________ Union r i v a l r y 4 _______________________ J u r i s d i c t i o n 5 _ __ _ __ ____ _ Union a d m in is t r a tio n 6 _ __ ____ __ O th er __ ____ _ __ __ _ __ _ __ 59 24 232 3 3 16,200 6 .8 . 1 1. 1 . 1 8 4 ,5 0 0 2 0 ,6 0 0 1 0 5 ,0 0 0 6 , 300 890 .4 . 1 .4 (3 ) (3 ) Union o r g a n iz a tio n N ot r e p o r t e d _______ __ __ __ __ _ __ __ ________ __ __ 8 39 - 8 7 1. 6 .6 .3 . 1 . 1 1 ,4 7 0 2 2 ,4 0 0 1 ,5 4 0 440 1. 1 3, 190 (3 ) . 2 15, 500 .4 . 1 (3) . 1 1 Issues such as retroactivity, holidays, vacations, job classification, piece rates, incentive standards, or other related matters unaccompanied by proposals to effect general changes in wage rates are included in this category. Slightly less than a third of the stoppages in this group occurred over piece rates or incentive standards. 2 Idleness in 1958 resulting from stoppage that began in 1957. 3 Less than 0.05 percent. 4 Includes disputes between unions of different affiliation such as those between unions affiliated with the AFL-CIO and nonaffiliates. 5 Includes disputes between unions of the same affiliation. 4 Includes disputes within a union over the administration of union affairs or regulations. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 12 TABLE 5. WORK STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 1958 S to p p a g e s b egin n in g in 1958 M a n -d a y s id le d u rin g 1958 ( a ll s t o p p a g e s ) In d u stry g ro u p W o rk e r s in v o lv e d N u m b er A ll i n d u s t r i e s __ _ N u m b er P erce n t of e s t im a te d w o rk in g tim e of a ll w o rk e rs 13 ,6 9 4 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .2 2 _ _____ 1 1 ,9 5 5 1 ,4 9 0 ,0 0 0 1 5 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .3 9 P r i m a r y m e t a l in d u s t r ie s _____ F a b r i c a t e d m e t a l p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t o r d n a n c e , m a c h in e r y , an d t r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m en t __ _ _ _ ____ O rd n a n c e an d a c c e s s o r i e s _ . E l e c t r i c a l m a c h in e r y , e q u ip m e n t, an d __ s u p p lie s ____ __ M a c h in e r y , e x c e p t e l e c t r i c a l T r a n s p o r t a t io n e q u ip m en t ___ ________________ L u m b e r an d w ood p r o d u c ts , e x c e p t fu r n itu r e __ __ __ ________ F u r n it u r e an d f ix t u r e s _________________________ S to n e , c la y , an d g l a s s p r o d u c ts ______________ T e x t ile m ill p r o d u c ts _ _ _ A p p a r e l an d o th e r fin is h e d p r o d u c ts m ad e fr o m f a b r i c s an d s i m i l a r m a t e r i a l s __ ______ L e a t h e r a n d le a t h e r p r o d u c ts _ _ _____ ___ F o o d an d k in d r e d p r o d u c ts __ _____ _ __ _ T o b acco m an u factu re s _ _ P a p e r a n d a lli e d p r o d u c t s _______ ___ __________ P r in t in g , p u b lish in g , an d a lli e d in d u s t r ie s ___ C h e m ic a ls an d a lli e d p r o d u c ts __ __ — -----P e t r o le u m r e fin in g an d r e l a t e d i n d u s t r i e s ____ R u b b e r a n d m is c e lla n e o u s p la s t i c s p r o d u c ts _ __ _____ __ _ __ _____ P r o f e s s i o n a l , s c i e n t i f i c , an d c o n tr o llin g in s t r u m e n t s ; p h o to g rap h ic an d o p tic a l g o o d s ; w a tc h e s a n d c lo c k s __ _ _____ __-__ M is c e lla n e o u s m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s _____ 167 1 0 2 ,0 0 0 7 1 1 ,0 0 0 .2 5 256 12 1 4 7 ,0 0 0 1 2 ,8 0 0 1 ,2 2 0 ,0 0 0 9 4 ,7 0 0 .4 6 .2 9 93 223 210 1 0 2 ,0 0 0 1 5 2 ,0 0 0 5 5 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 3 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,7 6 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,3 1 0 ,0 0 0 .3 6 .7 2 1 .0 6 69 74 117 51 1 8 ,2 0 0 1 3 ,8 0 0 4 4 ,9 0 0 6 ,3 7 0 2 8 2 ,0 0 0 2 5 4 ,0 0 0 1 ,2 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 1 1 ,0 0 0 . 18 .2 8 .9 1 .0 5 126 41 176 4 60 46 100 16 1 5 2 ,0 0 0 7 ,7 2 0 6 0 ,6 0 0 270 1 8 ,1 0 0 2 2 ,3 0 0 2 0 ,3 0 0 8 ,0 9 0 1 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 7 8 ,9 0 0 6 6 1 ,0 0 0 2 ,1 7 0 2 5 2 ,0 0 0 3 2 4 ,0 0 0 3 1 8 ,0 0 0 1 4 1 ,0 0 0 .3 7 .0 9 . 18 ( 2) .1 8 .1 5 .1 5 .2 3 58 2 3 ,8 0 0 1 4 7 ,0 0 0 .2 4 27 58 1 4 ,3 0 0 8 ,3 3 0 2 3 3 ,0 0 0 1 4 1 ,0 0 0 .2 9 . 12 N on m an u fa c tu r i n g _____ _____________________ 1 1 ,7 3 9 5 7 4 ,0 0 0 8 ,5 2 0 ,0 0 0 3 . 12 . A g r ic u lt u r e , f o r e s t r y , a n d f i s h e r i e s _________ _ ___ ____ M in in g __ _____ C o n tr a c t c o n str u c tio n ___ _ — W h o le sa le an d r e t a i l t r a d e ------ -------------— — F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ------------T r a n s p o r t a t io n , c o m m u n ic a tio n , e l e c t r i c , g a s , an d s a n it a r y s e r v i c e s S e r v ic e s _ _ G o v e rn m en t . . . . . 6 168 844 358 8 4 ,0 1 0 3 8 ,6 0 0 3 2 6 ,0 0 0 5 7 ,0 0 0 600 1 4 ,3 0 0 3 0 2 ,0 0 0 4 ,7 9 0 ,0 0 0 9 4 2 ,0 0 0 4 ,5 6 0 I 4) . 16 .7 1 .0 3 ( 4) 242 102 15 1 3 2 ,0 0 0 1 4 ,1 0 0 1 ,7 2 0 2 , 2 7 0 ,0 0 0 1 9 6 ,0 0 0 7 ,5 1 0 .2 3 t 4) ( 4) M a n u fa c tu rin g _ ____________ ___ 1 w o rk e rs 2 3 4 S to p p a g e s exten d in g in to 2 o r m o r e in d u str y g r o u p s h a v e been coun ted in e a c h in d u str y g ro u p a ffe c te d ; in v o lv e d an d m a n - d a y s id le w e r e a llo c a te d to the r e s p e c t i v e g r o u p s . L e s s th an 0 .0 0 5 p e r c e n t. E x c lu d e s g o v e rn m e n t. N ot a v a ila b le . N O TE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y n o t e q u a l t o t a l s . 13 TAB L E 6. W O R K STOPPAGES BY REGION,1 1958 AN D 1957 Region Stoppages beginning in W orkers involved in stoppages beginning in 1958 1958 1 957 ■■■■■ .......■■■............. *3 , 694 *3 ,6 7 3 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 E a st North C entral —--- ---W est North C entral — — South A tlantic —— --- ------E a st South C e n t r a l---------W est South C en tra l--------- Mountain - «■............ ■ ............ P a c i f i c ---— — --- —-------- - 282 1 ,1 2 7 1 ,0 5 0 322 411 207 197 141 330 279 1, 138 91 5 265 412 251 165 117 308 7 8 ,6 0 0 5 1 0 ,0 0 0 9 2 8 ,0 0 0 9 9 ,6 0 0 1 2 8 ,0 0 0 6 6 ,8 0 0 6 6 ,3 0 0 3 6 ,3 0 0 1 4 6 ,0 0 0 United States 1957 Man-days id le during (ail stoppages) 1958 1957 1 ,3 9 0 , 0 0 0 2 3 , 9 0 0 , 0 0 0 1 6 , 5 0 0 , 0 0 0 8 3 ,5 0 0 3 0 1 ,0 0 0 4 5 4 ,0 0 0 9 0 ,5 0 0 1 3 6 ,0 0 0 8 4 ,9 0 0 6 9 ,3 0 0 3 2 ,1 0 0 1 3 6 ,0 0 0 8 5 6 ,0 0 0 5 ,1 9 0 ,0 0 0 9 ,5 3 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,4 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 0 0 , 0 0 0 8 3 7 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 7 0 ,0 0 0 6 2 2 ,0 0 0 2 ,5 5 0 ,0 0 0 9 1 4 ,0 0 0 4 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 4 ,6 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,3 1 0 ,0 0 0 9 3 0 ,0 0 0 8 7 9 ,0 0 0 3 4 4 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 5 0 ,0 0 0 P ercen t of estim ated working tim e of all w ork ers in 1958 1957 0 .2 2 0 .1 4 0. 11 .2 0 .3 9 . 17 . 11 . 16 . 16 . 19 .2 1 0 .1 1 . 15 . 18 . 16 .0 9 . 17 . 10 . 10 . 17 1 The region s u sed in this study include: New England—Connecticut, M aine, M a ssa ch u setts, New H am pshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle A tlantic— N ew J e r se y , New York, and Pennsylvania; E ast North C entral— Illin o is, Indiana, M ichigan, Ohio, and W isconsin; W est North Central-—Iowa, K ansas, M innesota, M isso u ri, N ebraska, N orth Dakota, and South Dakota; South A tlantic— D elaw are, D istr ic t of Colum bia, F lorid a, G eorgia, M aryland, North C arolina, South C arolina, V irginia, and W est Virginia; E ast South C entral— A labam a, Kentucky, M is siss ip p i, and T ennessee; W est South Central— A rk an sas, L ouisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; M ountain—A rizon a, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New M exico, Utah, and Wyoming; and P a c ific — C aliforn ia, Oregon, and W ashington. a Stoppages extending a c r o s s State lin es have been counted in each State affected; w ork ers involved and mandays id le w ere allocated am ong the S tates. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 14 T A B L E 7. W O R K STOPPAGES BY STATE, 1958 Stoppages beginning in 1958 Man-days idle during 1958 (a ll stoppages) State W orkers involved Number United States _ A la b a m a A r iz o n a _ A rk an sas 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .2 2 72 15 26 221 23 53 17 1 2 ,1 0 0 2 ,4 0 0 4 ,4 7 0 7 3 ,1 0 0 8 ,7 7 0 1 7 ,3 0 0 1 3 ,2 0 0 1 3 0 ,0 0 0 4 8 ,4 0 0 5 7 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 3 0 , 0 0 0 2 6 7 ,0 0 0 2 0 9 ,0 0 0 9 2 ,4 0 0 0 .0 9 .0 9 .0 8 . 12 .2 9 . 10 .2 8 13 91 38 8 230 108 69 1 ,9 5 0 3 1 ,4 0 0 2 5 ,9 0 0 1 ,2 2 0 1 0 3 ,0 0 0 1 2 9 ,0 0 0 2 1 ,6 0 0 2 8 ,8 0 0 4 4 4 , 300 3 0 6 ,0 0 0 2 2 ,2 0 0 1 ,7 2 0 ,0 0 0 8 8 4 ,0 0 0 2 2 9 ,0 0 0 .0 5 . 18 .1 5 .0 8 .2 3 .3 0 . 17 33 63 68 15 36 164 275 1 2 ,0 0 0 2 8 ,7 0 0 2 3 ,6 0 0 2 ,2 7 0 9 ,4 1 0 4 9 ,0 0 0 4 3 7 ,0 0 0 1 0 6 ,0 0 0 4 1 7 ,0 0 0 2 9 5 ,0 0 0 2 8 ,2 0 0 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 5 0 4 ,0 0 0 3 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 . 10 .3 2 . 18 .0 5 .0 7 .1 3 .7 2 76 15 109 23 16 14 23 1 8 ,8 0 0 4 ,8 3 0 3 8 ,3 0 0 2 ,6 0 0 7 ,3 0 0 1 ,6 3 0 5 ,9 7 0 2 1 8 ,0 0 0 4 2 ,4 0 0 6 7 6 ,0 0 0 4 4 ,1 0 0 1 9 7 ,0 0 0 1 9 ,2 0 0 6 1 ,8 0 0 .11 .0 6 .2 4 . 13 .2 8 .1 1 . 16 _ _ 260 27 473 28 11 359 9 6 ,9 0 0 8 ,6 2 0 2 6 4 ,0 0 0 5 ,1 1 0 1 ,2 30 2 3 4 ,0 0 0 9 3 9 ,0 0 0 1 2 1 ,0 0 0 2 ,4 3 0 ,0 0 0 7 9 ,0 0 0 . 1 0 ,3 0 0 3 ,1 6 0 ,0 0 0 .2 2 .2 9 .1 8 .0 3 .0 4 .4 8 _ _ 33 51 394 19 16 8 5 ,7 0 0 4 1 ,5 0 0 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,7 0 0 3 ,0 5 0 350 9 6 ,3 0 0 7 4 3 ,0 0 0 1 ,8 1 0 ,0 0 0 4 6 ,1 0 0 1 8 ,5 0 0 5 ,6 2 0 .0 9 .7 7 .2 2 .0 8 .0 2 .0 2 57 70 24 8 47 58 2 1 ,2 0 0 3 2 ,5 0 0 1 0 ,7 0 0 370 1 2 ,5 0 0 3 1 ,6 0 0 2 4 8 ,0 0 0 9 1 7 ,0 0 0 9 0 ,0 0 0 6 ,7 0 0 1 6 6 ,0 0 0 6 8 0 ,0 0 0 . 14 . 17 .2 0 .0 3 .0 8 .4 3 125 78 7 2 6 ,0 0 0 2 5 ,6 0 0 350 2 4 1 ,0 0 0 3 6 4 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,6 0 0 .2 3 .1 5 .0 6 C alifornia _ _ C o lo r a d o ______________________________________ C o n n e c tic u t D e la w a r e D istr ic t of C o lu m b ia ________________________ __ F lo r id a __ ___ __ _ G eorgia _ _ Idaho __ Illin o is __ ___ . Kansas Kentucky Louisiana _ ___ M ain e _ _ _ _ M aryland . _ __ _ M a ssa ch u setts __ M ichigan _ _____ . ___ _ _ _ _ M in n e so ta M ississip p i __ _ ___ __ __ _ M is s o u r i ____________ ____ ____ , . _____________ Montana _ __ __ N ebraska ____ _______, ,.____________ ___ _____ Nevada ___ New H a m p s h ir e New J e r s e y ___________________________________ New M e x ico New Y o rk .... _ . _ North C arolina _ N o rth D ak o ta Ohio __ _ _ _ _ Oklahoma _ Oregon P en nsylvan ia Rhode Island South C arolina South Dakota T en n essee T exas __ Utah ..... Verm ont __ V irgin ia __ W ashington ... __ - - -- - _ — _ _ -. . __ ___ .................. _ __ _ _ W est V irginia _ W isc o n sin _ __ _ _ _ _ Wyoming „ _ _ . . - P ercen t of estim ated working tim e of a ll w ork ers 13 ,6 9 4 _ . Ind iana Towa _ Number . ___ 1 Stoppages extending a c r o s s State lin e s have been counted in each State affected; w ork ers in volved and m an-days id le w ere allocated among the S tates. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls. 15 T A B L E 8. W O R K STOPPAGES BY METROPOLITAN AREA, 19581 M etropolitan area Stoppages beginning in Man-days idle during 1958 1958 W ork ers (a ll stoppages) Number involved Akron, O h io--------------Albany-SchenectadyTroy, N. Y . --------- — Albuquerque, N. M e x . --A llentow n-B ethlehem Easton, P a . ------------- 37 1 3 ,1 0 0 8 6 ,0 0 0 28 10 6, 830 2, 170 6 4 ,6 0 0 2 3 ,2 0 0 32 8, 870 1 0 2 ,0 0 0 A m a rillo , T e x . ----------Atlanta, G a . --- ---- -----Auburn - Lewi s ton, Maine —------------------B altim ore, Md. — -------Baton Rouge, L a . -------- 6 21 200 2 2 ,3 0 0 2 ,9 8 0 2 6 8 ,0 0 0 7 18 8 1 ,0 6 0 6 ,2 4 0 1 0 ,5 0 0 1 5 ,0 0 0 8 2 ,0 0 0 1 0 5 ,0 0 0 Bay City, M i c h . ---------B illin g s, M o n t .----------Binghamton, N. Y. -----Birm ingham , A la .-----— Boston, M a s s . ----------— 12 9 7 21 70 4 , 2 70 250 1 ,0 0 0 2, 360 24, 300 2 7, 000 Bridgeport, C o n n .------Buffalo, N. Y. Canton, O hio-------------C h arleston, S. C . ------ — C h arleston, W. V a .------ 8 57 16 10 18 C harlotte, N. C. --------Chattanooga, T e n n .-----C hicago, H I .-------------C incinnati, O h io ---------C leveland, O h io ---------- 4 5 ,6 0 0 M etropolitan area Stoppages beginning in Man-days idle 1958 during 1958 Number W orkers (all stoppages) involved K ansas City, M o .-----K enosha, W i s . --------Kings ton-NewburghP oughkeepsie, N. Y. — K noxville, T en n .------La C r o sse , W i s . ------ 33 8 16, 800 2, 510 1 7 2 ,0 0 0 1 2 ,2 0 0 16 10 7 1 ,4 4 0 7, 560 1 ,4 1 0 2 4 ,2 0 0 9 1 ,4 0 0 24, 400 L an caster, P a . -------Lansing, M ic h .--------L aw rence, M a s s . -----Lim a, O h io—----------L ittle Rock-North L ittle Rock, A r k . ---- 5 8 7 6 2 ,0 6 0 1 2 ,9 0 0 1 ,1 3 0 3, 000 7, 500 1 3 3 ,0 0 0 1 1 ,7 0 0 3 8 ,2 0 0 6 1 ,9 9 0 1 9 ,0 0 0 15 7 ,2 6 0 1 5 1 ,0 0 0 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 Lor ain -E lyr ia , O h io ------------------Los A ngeles-L on g Beach, C a l i f . --------L o u isv ille, K y . ----—— 96 24 3 3 ,8 0 0 2 4 ,9 0 0 4 6 8 ,0 0 0 3 8 8 ,0 0 0 1, 560 47, 300 9, 880 1 ,1 9 0 3, 610 8, 000 4 0 1 ,0 0 0 1 4 3 ,0 0 0 8, 640 2 6 ,2 0 0 L ow ell, M a s s . --------M anchester, N. H . ---M em phis, Tenn. ------M iam i, F la. --- -------- 7 6 13 25 760 500 3, 690 1 3 ,3 0 0 8, 050 3, 330 6 1 ,2 0 0 7 6 ,6 0 0 10 10 110 38 49 940 4, 610 8 9 ,1 0 0 16, 100 6 6 ,5 0 0 1 9 ,2 0 0 34, 700 7 5 5 ,0 0 0 217, 000 1 ,0 4 0 ,0 0 0 M ilwaukee, W i s . -----M inneapolis -St. Paul, M in n .----------M obile, A l a . ----------— M uncie, I n d .------------ 31 1 0 ,4 0 0 2 0 4 ,0 0 0 49 8 7 1 3 ,0 0 0 230 2, 780 128, 000 6, 010 3 3 ,5 0 0 Columbus, Ga. -----------Columbus, Ohio ——-----Corpus C h risti, T e x .--- — D allas, T e x . --- ----------Davenport, Iowa-Rock Is land-M oline, I I I .------ 8 22 5 12 660 15, 600 890 1 ,1 5 0 13 10, 700 8 16 8 12 27 3, 890 2 ,9 7 0 1 ,2 9 0 3, 850 4, 750 2 0 ,0 0 0 4 1 ,4 0 0 1 0 ,9 0 0 3 4 ,1 0 0 9 0 ,4 0 0 Dayton, O h i o ------------Decatur, I I I .-------------Denver, C o l o . -----------Des M oines, Io w a -------Detroit, M i c h . ------------ 24 11 13 19 163 2 7 ,9 0 0 3, 520 1 ,2 0 0 7, 540 2 9 2 ,0 0 0 484 22 7 , 000 1 ,9 6 0 , 0 0 0 10 12 1 ,8 5 0 570 15, 600 4, 400 Duluth, Minn. Superior, W i s . --- -----E lm ira, N. Y. E rie, Pa. ---------- ------E van sville, In d .--------- — 13 8 10 13 1 ,5 6 0 1 ,8 0 0 1 ,2 2 0 1 1 ,7 0 0 15, 800 17, 300 5 9 ,8 0 0 3 8 ,9 0 0 Omaha, N e b r .---------P eoria, H I . ---- -------P hiladelphia, P a . -----Phoenix, A r i z . --------P it t s b u r g h , P a . ------ 10 13 136 6 99 6 ,9 1 0 1 4 ,6 0 0 6 2 ,2 0 0 470 5 2 ,5 0 0 1 6 9 ,0 0 0 4 7 1 ,0 0 0 5 3 3 ,0 0 0 4, 340 5 4 0 ,0 0 0 F a ll R iver, M a s s .-------Flint, M ic h .--- F ort Smith, Ark. --------F ort Worth, T e x . -------F resn o , C a l i f . ------------ 17 20 6 10 8 5, 160 6 3 ,5 0 0 1 ,0 2 0 4, 120 950 35, 600 4 9 0 ,0 0 0 6, 680 2 7, 400 7 ,2 6 0 P ittsfield , M a s s . -----Portland, Or e g . -------P rovid en ce, R. I . -----P ueblo, Colo. ------- — R acine, W i s . ----------- . 8 27 19 5 5 420 2 3 ,2 0 0 2 ,9 6 0 960 990 780 417, 000 4 0 ,2 0 0 8, 680 4, 560 Grand Rapids, M ich. ----G reen Bay, W i s . --------G reensboro-H igh Point, N. C . -----------Hamilton-M iddletown, O h io ---------------------- 23 5 1 0 ,2 0 0 200 5 12 8 5 9 300 2, 890 690 3 70 1 0 ,1 0 0 4, 220 2 9 ,0 0 0 5, 930 1, 710 1 1 5 ,0 0 0 H arrisburg, P a . --------Hartford, Conn. ---------Houston, Tex. - ............... Huntington, W. Va. Ashland, K y . ------ — 9 5 10 2, 650 300 1 4 ,8 0 0 2 8 ,6 0 0 1 0 ,1 0 0 1 3 0 ,0 0 0 85 2 8 ,4 0 0 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 Indianapolis, I n d . -------Jackson, M i c h . ----- ----J a ck son ville, F l a . ------Johnstown, P a . ----------K alam azoo, M ich. — ----- 1 1 3 ,0 0 0 R aleigh, N. C . -------930 Reading, P a . --------- — Richmond, V a . --------1 0 ,8 0 0 Roanoke, V a . -------- — R och ester, N. Y. ----5 9 ,3 0 0 Rockford, I I I . ---------2 , 9 5 0 Sacram ento, Calif. ---Saginaw, Mich. ------- 4 9 ,5 0 0 325, 000 St. L ouis, M o .-E a st St. Louis, 1 1 1 . ------2 1 ,5 0 0 Salem , Or e g . ----------1 5 0 ,0 0 0 Salt Lake City, U tah --34, 300 San Antonio, Tex. -----67, 700 San Bernardino, Calif. 19, 400 4 4 ,8 0 0 San D iego, C a l i f . ------ 6 14 5 300 8 ,0 0 0 2, 140 2, 690 4 6 ,3 0 0 4 1 ,5 0 0 11 12 2, 120 600 1 9 ,0 0 0 12, 700 See footnote at end of table. 9 1, 740 6 6, 040 10 10 16 350 3 ,2 0 0 10, 700 13 990 16 13 13 9 11 1 7, 400 4, 150 2, 170 1, 720 1 ,9 7 0 4 ,2 1 0 M uskegon, M ic h .-----i l c UUU nnn lOD, N ash ville, T en n .------- 1 1 ,4 0 0 New Bedford, M a s s .--1 5 ,8 0 0 New Haven, C o n n .----New O rleans, La. ---— 1 2 2 ,0 0 0 New York-NorthO 2 11 3*5,0AAA 00 ea ster n New J e r s e y — 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 N orfolk-Portm outh, 4 3 ,6 0 0 V a .--------------------75, 900 Oklahoma City, Okla. — 2 ,1 2 0 ,0 0 0 1 6 TA B L E 8. W O R K STOPPAGES BY METROPOLITAN AREA, 19581— Continued M etropolitan area San F ra n cisco Oakland, C a l i f . -------San J o se , C alif. —------Santa Barbara, C a l i f . --Scranton, P a . -----------S ea ttle, W a s h . ----------Sioux City, I o w a --------Sioux F a lls , S. D a k . ---South Bend, I n d .--------Spokane, W a s h .---------Springfield-H olyoke, M ass. --- --- -----------Springfield, I I I . ---------Stockton, C a l i f . ------ --S yracu se, N. Y. --------Tacom a, W a s h .---------Tampa-St. P etersb u rg, F la Toledo, O h io------------- Stoppages beginning in Man-days idle 1958 during 1958 Number W orkers (a ll stop p ages) involved 59 13 5 1 8 ,6 0 0 2, 030 2 2 5 ,0 0 0 290 3, 520 8 ,4 0 0 20 1, 740 19 5 5 1 0 ,3 0 0 95 0 11 1 9 ,3 0 0 7 2 2,10 0 210 1 ,2 4 0 8 ,9 2 0 3, 710 1 ,6 2 0 5, 660 1 ,2 70 1 3 8 ,0 0 0 4 3 ,1 0 0 39,10 0 1 2 3 ,0 0 0 W inston-Salem , N. C. — W orcester, M a s s . ----- 5 17 Youngstown, Ohio------ 43 650 320 3, 710 8 510 3 ,4 5 0 190 1 7 ,3 0 0 9! 790 2 6 2 ,0 0 0 M an-days idle during 1958 (a ll stop p ages) 15 7 19 7 20 W ichita, K a n s .--------W ilk es-B arreH azleton, P a . --------W ilm ington, D e l . -------------------- 6, 120 1 Trenton, N. J . --------Tulsa, O k la .-----------U tica-R om e, N. Y .---W ashington, D. C . ---W aterbury, C o n n .----W aterloo, Iow a-------W est Palm Beach, F la. ........................... W heeling, W. VaSteubenville, O h io --- 3 2 ,6 0 0 8 ,4 1 0 6 , 450 66, 100 22 Stoppages beginning in 1958 Number W orkers involved 3 5 0 ,0 0 0 7, 500 2, 240 6 8 , 900 1 4 ,8 0 0 15 7 5 13 1Q A 7 M etropolitan area 10 ,2 0 0 7 4, 550 2 2 ,4 0 0 7 630 4, 050 23 4 ,9 6 0 8 9 ,2 0 0 5 280 1 ,3 4 0 19 7, 710 2 0 3 ,0 0 0 17 1 3 ,2 0 0 9 2 ,4 0 0 550 2 ,6 5 0 1 ,2 6 0 IQ* 9 00 9 , 00 0 5 5 ,1 0 0 3 1 ,8 0 0 1 0 5 ,0 0 0 9 1 The table includes data for each of the m etropolitan area s that had 5 or m ore stoppages in 1958. Som e m etropolitan a rea s include counties in m ore than 1 State, and h en ce, an area total m ay equal or e x ceed the total for the State in which the m ajor city is located. Stoppages in the m ining and logging in d u stries are excluded from this table. In term etropolitan area stoppages are counted sep arately in each area affected with the w ork ers involved and m an-days id le a llocated to the resp e c tiv e a rea s. In three str ik e s , the Bureau w as not able to se cu re the inform ation n e c e s sa r y to m ake such allocation s— the stoppage of se v e r a l thousand garm ent w ork ers in n ortheastern P ennsylvania in m id-A p ril, the stoppage of d riv ers of a bus lin e in 22 w ester n and m id w estern States w hich began in July, and the October stoppage of deck o fficer s and crew m em b ers on p a ssen g er and dry cargo v e s s e ls at A tlantic and Gulf C oast p orts. T A B L E 9. WO R K STOPPAGES BY AFFILIATION O F UNIONS INVOLVED, 19581 Stoppages beginning in 1958 A ffiliation Total — - — Number P ercen t of total W orkers involved P e r te n t Number of total Man-da^ys idle during 1958 (all stop p ages) P ercen t Number of total - - 3, 694 100. 0 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 100. 0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 10 0 .0 AFL-CIO U naffiliated u n io n s ------------------------Single firm u n i o n s ------------------- —— D ifferen t a ffiliation s 2 ------ ------------No union i n v o lv e d ----------------- ------Not reported -------- --- --- --------------- 2 ,8 6 9 712 13 70 25 5 77. 7 19. 3 .4 1 .9 .7 .1 1 ,8 2 0 ,0 0 0 8 8 .2 9 .6 .3 1 .9 .1 (3) 2 0 ,5 0 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,4 8 0 ,0 0 0 1 2 3 ,0 0 0 7 3 8 ,0 0 0 8 ,2 4 0 830 86 .0 198 ,0 0 0 5, 720 3 8 ,2 0 0 1 ,2 7 0 250 1 0 .4 .5 3. 1 (3) n 1 The International Brotherhood o f T e a m ste r s, the B akery and C onfectionery W orkers, and the Laundry W orkers unions, exp elled by the AFL-CIO in D ecem b er 19 5 7 , are c la s sifie d in this table as unaffiliated unions. C om parisons with data for p revious y ea rs should take this fact into account. Includes work stoppages involving unions of differen t affiliation s— eith er 1 or m ore affiliated with AFL-CIO and 1 or m ore unaffiliated unions, or 2 or m ore u naffiliated u n ion s. 3 L e ss than 0 . 0 5 percent. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 17 T A B L E 10. W O R K STOPPAGES BY N U M B E R O F WORKERS INVOLVED, 1958 Stoppages beginning in 1958 Number of w ork ers Number Man-days idle during 1958 (all stoppages) W orkers involved P ercen t of total Number P ercen t of total Number P ercen t of total A ll w o r k e r s 3 ,6 9 4 1 0 0 .0 2 ,0 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 6 an d u n d er 20 _ ___ 20 an d u n d er 100 _ _ 100 an d un d er 250 2 50 and under 500 ______________________ 500 a n d u n d er 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 0 0 and under 5 ,0 0 0 ___ _ 5 ,0 0 0 and u n d er 1 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,0 0 0 and o v e r --- 646 1 ,4 0 6 705 371 234 279 32 21 1 7 .5 38. 1 19. 1 1 0 .0 6 .3 7 .6 .9 .6 7 ,7 9 0 6 8 ,2 0 0 1 1 1 ,0 0 0 1 2 7 ,0 0 0 1 6 0 ,0 0 0 5 4 8 ,0 0 0 2 1 6 ,0 0 0 8 2 3 ,0 0 0 0 .4 3 .3 5 .4 6 .2 7 .8 2 6 .6 1 0 .5 4 0 .0 1 1 9 ,0 0 0 1 , 1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,5 7 0 , 0 0 0 1 , 5 3 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,7 2 0 , 0 0 0 5 ,2 8 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 2 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0 0 .5 4 .6 6 .6 6 .4 7 .2 2 2. 1 8 .4 4 4 .2 NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals. T A B L E 11. W O R K STOPPAGES BY N U M B E R OF ESTABLISHMENTS INVOLVED, 1958 i Number of estab lish m en ts in volved 1 T o ta l _ _ _ _ ___ - N u m b er - - 1 estab lish m en t — 2 to 5 esta b lish m en ts 6 to 10 e s t a b lis h m e n t s 11 e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r m o r e 11 to 49 esta b lish m en ts 50 to 99 esta b lish m en ts ^ 100 esta b lish m en ts or m o r e _________ Exact number not known2 Not r e p o r t e d Stoppages beginning in 1958 P ercen t of total M an-days idle during 1958 (a ll stoppages) W orkers involved Number P ercen t of total Number P ercen t of total 3 ,6 9 4 100. 0 2 , 0 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 3 ,9 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 ,7 5 1 464 157 308 156 31 29 92 14 7 4 .5 7 1 9 ,0 0 0 2 3 1 ,0 0 0 9 3 ,1 0 0 3 4 .9 6 , 1 6 0 ,0 0 0 2 5 .8 1 2 .4 4 .6 5 6 .7 1 3 .2 4 .7 3 2 .0 6 .9 .5 1 2 .6 4. 3 8 .3 4 .2 .8 .8 2 .5 .4 1 1 .2 8 2 ,8 0 0 4 .5 4 8 .8 9 .9 5 .5 2 9 .4 4 .0 1 2 ,0 0 0 .6 1 ,0 1 0 ,0 0 0 2 0 4 ,0 0 0 1 1 3 ,0 0 0 6 0 6 ,0 0 0 2 ,9 7 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 3 ,6 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 ,1 4 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,1 2 0 ,0 0 0 7 ,6 3 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,6 6 0 ,0 0 0 1 1 1 ,0 0 0 1 An estab lish m en t is defined a s a sin g le p h ysical location w h ere b u sin ess is conducted or w here s e r v ic e s or in d ustrial op eration s a re perform ed; for exam ple, a facto ry , m ill, sto r e , m ine, or farm . A stoppage m ay in volve 1, 2 , or m ore estab lish m en ts of a sin g le em ployer or it m ay involve different em p lo y ers. 2 Inform ation availab le in d icates m ore than 11 esta b lish m en ts involved in each of th ese stoppages. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls. 18 TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS Beginning date January 9 Approxi m ate duration (calendar d a y s )1 5 E stab lish m en t(s) and location U nion(s) involved 2 United H atters, M illin ery and hat fram e m anufacturing com panies, Cap, and M il 7 States: III. , Md. , lin ery W orkers Int'l. Union. M ass. , Mo. , N. J. , N. Y. , and Pa. A pproxi m ate number of w ork ers involved 2 Major term s of se ttle m e n t3 2 2 ,0 0 0 2 -y ea r agreem en ts providing pay in c r e a se of $ 5 for w eek w ork ers and 5 p ercen t for p iecew ork ers on a 35-hour w e e k ; exten sion of paid holidays to p iecew ork ers; lib e r a l ized overtim e provision s; 2 p e r cent in c r e a se in em p loyer con tri butions to vacation fund to provide second w eek 's paid vacation; in c r e a s e in em p loyer contributions to b o t h the retirem en t and w elfare funds; and, in a rea s w here the 40hour w eek p revailed , a reduction of the w orkw eek to 37*/* hours with no lo s s in pay. (Some of th ese su p p le m en tary b en efits w ere not to b e com e effe ctiv e until 1959. ) 1 0 5 ,0 0 0 3-year con tracts providing d irect pay r a is e of 8 percent; overtim e for p iecew ork ers after 7 hours a day and 35 hours a w eek instead of after 40 hours; exten sion of 6Y* paid h o li days to a ll p iecew ork ers beginning in 1959; and a sev era n ce pay plan. Under this plan em p loyers contrib ute 0. 5 p ercen t of p ayroll b egin ning in 1 958, with b en efits b egin ning in I960; tightened p roced u res on contract en forcem en t, nonunion work, and jobb er-con tractor r e la tion sh ip s. F ebruary 2 4 4 53 Int'l. L a d ies1 D r e ss industry, 8 States: Conn., Md., M a ss., N. J., Garment W ork ers1 N. Y ., P a ., R. I., and Vt. Union. May 1 *4 8 C onstruction industry, C leveland, and L orain * E ly ria , Ohio, and Geauga County, Ohio. Building trades unions. 3 0 ,0 0 0 3-year contract providing im m ed iate wage in c r e a se of 9 cents an hour; 6 cents on January 1, 1959; 10 cen ts, May 1, 1959; and 12 cents on May 1, I9 6 0 . The settlem en t a lso called for fu ll union coop era tion on a program to in c r e a se p ro ductivity which includes an 8-hour day for a ll trad es, elim in ation of coffee b reak s, paym ent by check, elim in a tio n of r e str ic tio n s on m axi mum amount of work in a day; and elim in ation of restr ic tio n s on the u se of m ach inery. June 2 6 C onstruction industry, Buffalo, N. Y. Int»l. Hod C a rriers ', Building and Common La b o r e r s 1 Union. 2 0 ,0 0 0 2 -year agreem en t providing 3 5c e n t hourly in c r e a se distributed over 2 y ears as follow s: 1 2 l/j-cen t hourly wage in crea se and 2 V*-cent hourly contribution to the w elfare fund, b o t h effectiv e J u n e 1958; 5 cents an hour D ecem b er 1, 1958, 10 cents June 1, 19 5 9 , and an ad ditional 5 cents D ecem b er 1, 1959. The union has the option of taking eith er the 15-cen t hourly in crea se for 1959 or an in c r e a se to be worked out June 1, 19 5 9 , under a form ula se t up for the co m m ercia l con stru c tion field in the area. The a g r e e m ent a lso contains a g en eral job se c u r ity arrangem ent designed to a ssu r e fu lle st p o ssib le em ploym ent. Int'l. A s s o c ia C onstruction industry, tion of B ridge, Albany, Bingham ton, S tructural and E lm ira, N iagara F a lls , Ornam ental R och ester, Schenectady, S yracu se, and U tica, N. Y. Iron W orkers* 1 0 ,0 0 0 2-y ea r c o n t r a c t providing 15 cen ts p er hour in c r e a s e , r e tr o a c tive to June 1, 1958, with additional 12Va-cent in c r e a se June 1, 1959. F rin ge b en efits include 8 cents a June 16 6 54 See footnotes at end of table. 19 TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS— Continued Beginning date A pproxi m ate duration (calendar d a y s )1 E stab lish m en t(s) and location U n ion (s) involved 2 A pproxi m ate number of w ork ers involved 2 Major term s of s e ttle m e n t3 m ile in tra v el allow an ces, both to and from the job, up to $ 5 a day, but no t r a v e l allow ance w ithin a 10-m ile m etropolitan fr e e zone; w e l fa re paym ents amounting to 2 1/a“ cents an hour, retro a ctiv e to June 1, 1958; pension paym ents of 10 cents an hour effectiv e June 1, 1959. Two hours "show up" tim e to be paid, effectiv e June 1, 1959; w ork ers in R och ester, S yracu se, and E lm ira to get extra 2 V*-cent pay in crea se to bring sc a le up to other a r e a s. June 1 6—— Continued July 9 37 C onstruction industry, Oregon, and south w estern W ashington. I n f l. Union of Operating Engineers; IntU. Bro. of T eam sters . 2 5 ,0 0 0 3-year contract providing iden tica l wage in c r e a se s and travel pay and adjustm ents of existin g c l a s s i fication s and som e upgrading for the operating en gin eers and te a m ste r s. H ourly wage rate in c r e a se s p ro vided as follow s: 2 5 cen ts, r e tr o a c tive to M arch 31, 1958; an additional 2 5 cen ts, effective M arch 3 1 , 1959; 15 cents in w ages, plus 10 cents in p en sion s, effective M arch 31, I9 6 0 . On travel and transportation pay, contract p rovid es, effectiv e M arch 31, 1959, 75 cents to $ 1 . 3 5 p er day depending on the number of m ile s involved in tra v el to the job; effectiv e M arch 31, I9 6 0 , to be in crea sed to $1 to $ 3 , a lso depending on m ile a g e. July 28 14 G eneral E le c tr ic Co. , Appliance and T e le v isio n R eceiv er D i v isio n , L o u isv ille, Ry. Int'l. Union of E le c tr ic a l Radio and Machine W orkers . 1 0 ,0 0 0 E xecutive board of union voted to ca ll off the strik e and urged m em b ers to return to work and to con tinue to p r o c e ss grievan ces through estab lish ed m ach inery. August 11 37 W estern trucking indus Int*l. Bro. of try, 11 States: A riz. , T ea m sters. C alif. , C olo. , Idaho, Mont. , Nev. , N. Mex. , Oreg. , Utah, Wash. , and Wyo. 3 0 ,0 0 0 Local cartage. 3-year agreem en t providing 20 cents an hour, includ ing 10 cents an hour retroactive to May 1, 1958; additional deferred in c r e a se s varying by area; s e m i annual esca la to r clause; eighth paid holiday; third w eek vacation after 12 years; 10 cents an hour com pany paym ent to pension fund (for m e r ly 5 cen ts). O ver-the-road. 3-year a g r e e m ent providing 10 cents an hour or V4 cents a m ile; additional 10 cents an hour or V4 cents a m ile effective May 1, 1959 and May 1, I960; other changes sam e as lo ca l cartage. August 25 50 C onstruction industry, Houston and G alveston, Tex. United Bro. of C arpenters and J o in e r s . 1 1 ,0 0 0 21-month a g r e e m e n t providing im m ediate in c r e a se of 18Va cents an hour, and another in crea se of 18 cents an hour July 1, 1959. 2 Inland S teel Co. , Harbor W orks, E ast Chicago, Ind. United S te e l w ork ers . 1 6 ,0 0 0 P ick ets withdrawn on order of international union. Ford Motor Co. , co m panywide, 15 States . United Auto m obile w ork ers . 7 5 ,0 0 0 A greem ent reached on m a ster c o n t r a c t Septem ber 17: 3-year agreem en t renew ing a n n u a l im provem ent f a c t o r and esca la to r cla u se, retroactive to sp e c ific dates Septem ber 3 Septem ber 1 7 7 13 See footnotes at end of table. 2 0 TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS— Continued Beginning date A pproxi m ate duration (calendar d a y s) 1 E stab lishm en ts (s) and location U nion(s) involved 2 A pproxi m ate number of w ork ers involved 2 Septem ber 17— Continued Major term s of s e ttle m e n t2 in 1 9 5 8; 15 of 24-cen t co st-oflivin g allow ance incorporated into b a se rates; an additional 8 cents an hour for sk illed em ployees; supp l e m e n t a l unem ploym ent ben efits in crea sed to 65 p ercen t of straigh ttim e take-hom e pay for en tire p e riod of layoff (form erly 65 p ercen t for fir s t 4 w eeks and 60 p ercen t for rem ainder); pension b en efits in crea sed from $ 2 . 2 5 to $ 2 . 4 0 a m onth for each y e a r of se r v ic e p rior to January 1, 1958; $ 2 . 4 3 for 1958; and beginning January 1, 1959, $ 2 . 50 a month for future y ea rs of serv ice; other changes in pen sion plan; sev era n ce pay feature added to SUB plan; in crea se in third sh ift differen tials; jury pay; lib e r a lized health and in su ran ce b en efits and pay for Saturday work. D etails of plant is s u e s and s e t tlem en ts not availab le. O ctober 2 *26 G eneral M otors Corp. , com panyw ide, 18 S tates. United Auto m obile W ork ers. 2 7 5 ,0 0 0 A greem en t reached on m a ster contract October 2: S im ilar to Ford settlem en t (annual im provem ent fa c tor, esca la tio n , in crea se to sk illed w o rk ers, severan ce pay, im proved pension b enefits); a lso fund esta b lish ed to reduce wage rate d iffer en tials am ong GM plants; 5 cents additional to w ork ers on continuous op eration s. D etails of plant is s u e s and s e t tlem en ts not availab le. O ctober 2 O ctober 6 9 30 (i°) G eneral M otors Corp. , 4 States: III. , N. J. , N. Y. , and Ohio . Libbey- Owens - Ford G lass Co. and P ittsburgh P late G lass Co. , 8 States: III. , La. , Md. , Mo. , Ohio, Okla. , Pa. , and W. Va. Int’l. Union of E le c tr ic a l, Radio, and m achine w o r k e r s. 2 5 , 000 United G lass and C eram ic W ork ers. 2 0 ,0 0 0 A greem en t reached on m a ster contract October 8: 3-y ea r a g r e e ment; c h a n g e s sim ila r to UAW contract. D etails of plant iss u e s and s e t tlem en ts not availab le. Libbey-Owens-Ford G lass Co. 2year agreem en t reached O ctober 25, providing 8-cen t hourly gen eral in c r e a s e effectiv e O ctober 1, 1958; 8 cents an hour gen eral in crea se effe ctiv e O ctober 2 5 , 1959; in crea se of 4 cents an hour to em p loyees not co v ered by incentive plan s, e ffe c tive October 1958 and October 1959; pension b en efits in creased from $2 a month to $ 2 . 2 5 a month for each year of p ast s e r v ic e , $ 2 .5 0 a month for future s e r v ic e , and $ 2 . 2 0 a month for p resen t r e tir e e s . P i t t s b u r g h P late G lass Co. 2-y ea r agreem en t reached F eb ru ary 16, 1959, providing pay in crea se of 8 cents per hour to incen tive w orkers; 12 cents per hour to m ain tenance and nonincentive w orkers; m inim um rate of $ 2 . 0 5 per hour. E ffective 1 year from date of r a ti fication , sam e in c r e a se s as above; See footnotes at end of table. 2 1 TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS— Continued Beginning date A pproxi m ate duration (calendar d a y s )1 E sta b lish m en t s) and location Union(s) involved a Approxi m ate number of w ork ers involved * October 6—— Continued O ctober 11 51 new m inim um rate $ 2 . 1 7 . P en sion b en efits i n c r e a s e d sim ila r to Libbey-O w ens-Ford G lass Co.; d is ab ility b en efits a lso in creased . Job se cu rity and incentive is s u e s to go to arbitration. 3-year agreem en t providing 6 to 15 cents retro a ctiv e to August 4, a 1-cen t in crea se in the co st-oflivin g allow ance for the period S ep tem ber 1-N ovem ber 30, 1958, and an a d d i t i o n a l 1-cent gen eral in c r e a s e effective D ecem b er 1. Addi tional 6- and 7-cen t wage in c r e a se s w ere scheduled for October 1959 and I9 6 0 . Other changes included lib era lized vacation pay for em p loyees with 10 to 15 y ears' s e r v ic e , in crea sed p e n s i o n b en efits, lib era lized SUB plan, health and insu ran ce b en efits, and jury pay. C aterp illar T ractor Co. , E ast P eo ria , and Morton, III. United Auto m obile W orkers. C h rysler C o r p ., 6 States: Calif. , D el. , Ga. , Ind. , Kans. , and M ic h .11 United Auto m obile W orkers (office, c le r ic a l, and engineering e m p lo y e e s). 5 6 ,0 0 0 3-year agreem en t providing 3p ercen t annual-im provem ent-factor in c r e a se (production w ork ers ' con tract provided 2. 5 percent); m in i mum w eek ly in crea se of $ 2 .5 3 ; ad justm ent of sa la r y in eq u ities, and m ore lib era l p rovision relatin g to sen iority, job tran sfer, and p ro tection against d isp lacem en t by au tomation; sev era n ce pay, SUB, pen sion, health and insu ran ce changes sim ila r to Ford settlem en t. 3-year agreem en t providing 2 1/* p ercen t in crea se (6 cent m inim um ), effectiv e August 2 3 , 1958, S ep tem b er 14, 1959, and October 3, I960; additional 4 to 8 cents to sk illed tra d es, 8 cen ts to apprentice able trad es, and a d j u s t m e n t for in eq u alities and job evaluation; 15 of 25 - c e n t co st-o f-liv in g allow ance in corporated into b ase rates and e s calator clau se continued; im proved SUB plan and estab lish ed se p a r a tion pay s i m i l a r to UAW-Ford agreem ent; lib era liza tio n of pen sion, health and w elfare and v a ca tion plans. 3-year contract providing for an nual im provem ent factor of 6 cents an hour; additional 8-cen t in crea se for sk illed w orkers; 1-cent costof-livin g adjustm ent, retro a ctiv e to Septem ber I; im proved supplem ental unem ploym ent, in su ran ce, and p en sion b en efits. 3 ,0 0 0 N ovem ber 11 6 Novem ber 13 (u ) International H ar v e s te r Co. , 6 States: Calif. , III. , Ind. , Ky. , Ohio, and Tenn. United Auto m obile W orkers. 3 2 .0 0 0 Novem ber 18 6 Bendix Aviation Corp. , 5 States: Calif. , Ind. , M ich. , N. J. , and N. Y. United Auto m obile W ork ers. 13.000 Novem ber 21 16 Trans World A irlin es Inc. , 2 4 States . Int'l. A s so ciation of M ach in ists. 14,000 See footnotes at end of table. Major term s of settlem en t 3 -year agreem en t providing 8to 15-cen t hourly in c r e a se r e tr o a c tive to O ctober 1, 1957; 3 to 7 ce n ts, retroactive to A pril 1, 1958, and 10 to 19 cen ts effe ctiv e O ctober 1, 1958; additional 7 to 12 cen ts e f fe c tive O ctober 1, 1959; sev era n ce pay after 2 y e a r s' se r v ic e — 1 w eek for each y e a r 's se r v ic e to m axim um of 8; im m ediate paym ent for te c h n ological d isp lacem en t and a f t e r 4' m onths for other c a u se s. 22 TABLE 12. WORK STOPPAGES BEGINNING IN 1958 INVOLVING 10,000 OR MORE WORKERS— Continued Beginning date November 24 December 8 Approxi mate duration (calendar days)1 38 20 Establishment(s) and location Union(s) involved 8 Eastern Air Lines, Inc. , Flight Engi neers ' Int'l. 25 States. Association and Int'l. Association of Machinists. Publishers Association of New York (9 newspapers), Ne w York, N. Y. Newspaper and Mail Deliverers' Union. Approxi mate number of workers involved 8 14,000 14,000 Major terms of settlement3 1 -----— — — . Agreement to waive requirement that flight e n g i n e e r s have pilot training; other settlement terms called for increase of about $100 a month on piston-powered aircraft; monthly scale of approximately $1, 140 for turbo-prop flights, and about $1,368 monthly for jet air liners to be i n t r od uc ed in I960; liberalized p e n s i o n plan based on company-employee contributions. 3-year agreement (mechanics and other ground service employees) providing 7-14-cent hourly increase retroactive to October 1, 1957; 3 to 6 cents retroactive to April 1, 1958; and 10 to 18 cents effective Octo ber 1, 1958; additional 6 to 11 cents effective October 1, 1959; estab lishment of severance p a y after 2 years' service effective after 4 months layoff— 1 week for each year of service to m a x i m u m of 8 weeks. 2-year agreement providing $7a-week "package" increase distrib uted over 2 years; $3. 55-a-week pay increase the first year, addi tional $1.75 in the second; remain der of the package— 45 cents a week in the first year and $1.25 in the second-allocated for a ninth paid holiday (Columbus Day) and for 3 days of sick or other per sonal leave, respectively; union has the option of allocating a n y por tion of either year's wage in crease for welfare and pension fund contribution. I Includes nonworkdays, such as Saturdays, Sundays, and established holidays. a The unions listed are those d irectly involved in the dispute, but the number of w ork ers involved m ay in clude m em b ers of other unions or nonunion w ork ers idled by the dispute in the sam e estab lish m en t. "W orkers involved" is the m axim um num ber m ade id le for 1 shift or longer in estab lish m en ts d irectly in volved in a stoppage. This figure does not m ea su re the in d irect or secon dary effe cts on other estab lish m en ts or in d u stries w h ose em p loyees a re m ade id le as a resu lt of m a ter ia l or se r v ic e sh ortages. 3 The m onthly C urrent Wage D evelopm ent rep orts of the Bureau d escrib e wage settlem en ts in grea ter detail than is p resen ted h ere. M ost of the m ajor stoppages w ere a lso d escrib ed in the sectio n of D evelopm ents in Indus tria l R elation s, appearing in each iss u e of the Monthly Labor R eview . 8 The m axim um number of w ork ers w ere idle from M arch 5 to 12 only. P rio r to this p eriod, se v e r a l thousand w ork ers w ere id le in New York and Pennsylvania; subsequently, varying num bers of w ork ers rem ained idle in New J er se y , New York, and P ennsylvania due to in ab ility of individual com panies to r e a c h agreem en t on lo ca l is s u e s . 5 About a third of the w ork ers id le the en tire period; the rem aining tw o-thirds idle the la s t 3 w eeks of the stoppage. Dispute of se v e r a l hundred a sb esto s w ork ers idled in origin al con troversy un settled for 2 days after m ajor se ttlem en ts. 6 About 300 w ork ers in Niagara F a lls reached agreem en t on June 2 9 . 7 A greem en t reached on m a ster contract Septem ber 17. Stoppage continued at plant le v e l over lo c a l is s u e s . 8 A greem en t reached on m a ster contract O ctober 2. Stoppage continued at plant le v e l over lo ca l is s u e s . * A greem en t reached on m a ste r contract O ctober 8. Stoppage continued at plant le v e l over lo ca l is s u e s . 10 Stoppage at L ibbey-O w ens-Ford G lass Co. , settled October 25; P ittsburgh P late G lass Co. , stoppage ended F eb ru ary 16, 1 959, with un settled is s u e s to be subm itted to arbitration. As in p reviou s y ea rs, the 2 com panies had started negotiations together and stoppages began at the sam e tim e. Although the disputes took differen t co u rses and w ere settled alm ost 4 m onths apart, they w ere con sid ered as 1 stoppage, for pu rp oses of this study, in the in te r e st of co n siste n c y with p ast p ra ctice. II A number of individual plant stoppages involving production w ork ers occurred during the latter part of the year, none of w hich involved 1 0 , 0 0 0 or m ore w o rk ers. Unlike the Ford and G eneral M otors situ ation s, th ese plant stoppages did not appear to flow d irectly out of a com panywide dispute on the term s of the m a ster agreem en t. A ccording to Bureau reco r d s, few er than 1 0 , 0 0 0 C h rysler production w ork ers w ere on strik e for a full sh ift at any one tim e. 11 A greem en t ratified January 18, 1959, by disputing lo ca ls of United A utom obile W orkers, and work resu m ed on January 19, 1959. 23 T A B L E 13. DURATION O F WOR K STOPPAGES ENDING IN 1958 1 Stoppages Duration (calendar days) Number All p eriods _ ---- _ _ 1 day __ 2 to 3 days _ . ___ 4 days and l e s s than 1 w eek _ 1 w eek and l e s s than Va month (7 to 14 d a y s )_____ Va month and l e s s than 1 month (15 to 29 d a y s )__ 1 month and l e s s than 2 m onths (30 to 59 d a y s )__ 2 months and le s s than 3 months (60 to 89 d a y s)__ 3 months and over (90 days and over) W orkers involved P ercen t of total Number P ercen t of total M an-days id le Number P ercen t of total 3 ,6 3 2 1 0 0 .0 1 ,9 9 0 , 0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 1 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 418 579 548 779 593 446 136 133 1 1 .5 1 5 .9 1 5 .1 2 1 .4 1 6 .3 1 2 .3 3 .7 3 .7 1 2 9 ,0 0 0 2 7 1 ,0 0 0 3 0 4 ,0 0 0 3 4 0 ,0 0 0 4 7 7 ,0 0 0 4 0 7 ,0 0 0 3 3 ,1 0 0 3 2 ,0 0 0 6 .5 1 3 .6 1 5 .2 1 7 .1 2 4 .0 2 0 .4 1 .7 1 .6 1 2 9 ,0 0 0 5 5 1 ,0 0 0 1 ,0 4 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,0 4 0 ,0 0 0 5 ,6 9 0 ,0 0 0 8 ,2 1 0 ,0 0 0 1 ,4 1 0 ,0 0 0 2 ,3 5 0 ,0 0 0 0 .6 2 .6 4 .9 9 .5 2 6 .6 3 8 .3 6 .6 1 1 .0 1 The totals in this table and in tables 14 and 15 differ from those in the preceding tab les b ecau se these rela te to stoppages ending during the y ea r, including any 1957 id le n e ss in th e se str ik e s. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals. T A B L E 14. M E T H O D OF TERMINATING W O R K STOPPAGES ENDING IN 1958* ------------------------------------------------------------ , W orkers involved Stoppages Method of term ination Number All m ethods __. A greem ent of p arties reached: D irectly _ With a ss ista n c e of governm ent a g e n c i e s _____ With a ss ista n c e of nongovernm ent m ed iators or a g en cies . . _ __ With com bined a ss ista n c e of governm ent and nongovernm ent m ed iators or a g e n c i e s ______ T erm inated without form al s e tt le m e n t ___________ E m p loyers discontinued b u sin ess Not rep orted _ _ __ _ _ P ercen t of total Number P ercen t of total M an-days idle P ercen t of Number total 3 .6 3 2 1 0 0 .0 i . 9 9 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 1 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 1 ,5 5 5 1 ,2 5 7 4 2 .8 3 4 .6 1 ,0 1 0 , 0 0 0 6 8 7 ,0 0 0 5 0 .9 3 4 .5 8 ,0 8 0 ,0 0 0 1 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 3 7 .7 5 1 .1 161 4 .4 1 3 ,0 0 0 .6 1 8 0 ,0 0 0 .8 5 582 34 38 .1 1 0 6 ,0 0 0 1 6 4 ,0 0 0 1 ,7 3 0 7 ,5 7 0 5 .3 8 .2 .1 .4 8 3 5 ,0 0 0 8 8 7 ,0 0 0 5 8 ,5 0 0 4 3 7 ,0 0 0 3 .9 4. 1 .3 2 .0 16.0 .9 1 .0 1 See footnote 1, table 13. NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls. T A B L E 15. DISPOSITION OF ISSUES IN W O R K STOPPAGES ENDING IN 19581 Stoppages D isp osition of is s u e s All is s u e s _ _ Number . Issu e s settled or d isp osed of at term ination of stoppage2 Some or a ll is s u e s to be adjusted after resu m p tion of work: By d irect negotiation between em p loyer(s) and union By n egotiation with the aid of governm ent a g en cies __ — By arbitration _ _ By other m ean s4 _ __ _ _ __ Not reported 1 See footnote 1, table 13. 2 Includes (a) those strik es in w hich a (b) those in which the p arties agreed to u tilize the w ork ers returned without form al agreem en t 3 L e ss than 0 .0 5 p ercent. 4 Included in this group a re the c a s e s a g en cies for d ecisio n s or e lectio n s. P ercen t of total W orkers involved P ercen t Number of total 3 ,6 3 2 1 0 0 .0 1 ,9 9 0 . 0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 2 1 ,4 0 0 ,0 0 0 1 0 0 .0 3 ,2 5 9 8 9 .7 1 , 8 8 0 ,0 0 0 94. 1 1 9 ,9 0 0 , 0 0 0 9 2 .9 184 5 .1 5 5 ,6 0 0 2 .8 3 9 1 ,0 0 0 1 .8 9 73 69 38 .2 2 .0 1 .9 1 .0 1 ,6 2 0 4 1 ,2 0 0 1 1 ,6 0 0 7 ,5 7 0 .1 2. 1 .6 .4 9 ,0 3 0 5 5 2 ,0 0 0 1 4 0 ,0 0 0 4 3 7 ,0 0 0 ( 3) 2 .6 .7 2 .0 settlem en t w as reach ed on the is s u e s prior to return to work, the com pany's g rievan ce p rocedure, and (c) any strik es in w hich or settlem en t. refe r r e d to the National or State labor rela tio n s boards or other NOTE: B ecau se of rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal to ta ls. Man-daysi idle P ercen t of Number total 24 Appendix A TABLE A-l. WORK STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY, 1958 Stoppages beginning in 1958 IndustryNumber A ll industries _ Manufacturing P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r i e s ___ ____ B last furn aces, steel w orks and rolling and finishing m i l l s ___ Iron and steel fo u n d rie s _______ P rim a ry sm elting and refining of nonferrous m etals . Secondary sm elting and refining of nonferrous m etals and allo ys _ R olling, drawing, and extruding of nonferrous m e ta ls ____ _______ Nonferrous fo u n d ries___________ M iscellaneous prim ary m etal in d u s tr ie s ______________ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achin ery, and transportation e q u ip m e n t______ M etal cans . C u tlery, handtools, and general h a r d w a r e _____ Heating apparatus (except e le c tric) and plumbing f i x t u r e s _____________ F ab ricated stru ctu ral m etal products Screw m achine products, and bolts, nuts, sc r e w s , r iv e ts , and w a s h e r s _______ ;__ . M etal stam pings . C oating, engraving, and allied s e rv ic e s . M iscellaneous fab ricated w ire products _ M iscellaneous fab ricated m etal p ro d u c ts _______ Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s . Guns, h o w itzers, m orta rs, and related p rod u cts____ Amm unition, except for sm all a rm s _ Sighting and fir e control equipme: Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s , not elsew h ere c la ssifie d _ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies _ E le c tric tran sm ission and distribution equipment . E le c tric a l industrial apparatus Household ap p lia n c e s_____ E le c tric lighting and wiring eo uioment _____________________ Radio and television receivin g s e ts , except com m unication types _ Com m unication equipment . E lectro nic components and a c c e s s o rie s ..............— M iscellaneous e le c tric a l m ach in ery, equipment, and supplies M achinery, except e le c tric a Engines and turbines . F arm m achinery and equipment _ C onstruction,[m ining, and m aterials handling m achinery and equipment . M etalworking m ach in ery and eo uioment __________ Sp ecial industry m achin ery, except m etalworking m achinery _ G eneral industrial m achinery and equipment . O ffice, com puting, and accounting m achines _____ S erv ic e industry m ach in es _ M iscellaneous m ach in ery, except e le c tric a l ■ — See footnote at end o f table. W orkers involved M an-days id le, 1958 (all stoppages) Industry 2,060,000 23,900,000 11,955 1167 1,490,000 58 50 49,400 28,300 7 8,830 3 380 15,400,000 Transportation equipment , Motor v eh icles and m otor 711,000 veh icle equipment_____ A irc ra ft and p a r t s ______ Ship and boat building 347,000 and r e p a ir in g ________ R ailroad equipment . 22,300 M o to rcycles, b ic ycles, and parts . M iscellaneous transportation 2,830 equipm ent______________ 21 7,130 4,230 1 3,694 18 102,000 58,100 HLumber b.nd wood products, except furniture , 46,600 liO gging c a m p s a n d 4,240 36.600 ‘ 256 9 147,000 2,320 1,220,000 19 25,000 254,000 12 4,120 93 20,800 9 59 15 910 1,670 29 10,300 M2 1 26,600 7,810 Stone, cla y , and g la ss p rod u cts. F lat g la ss G lass and g la ssw a re, p ressed or blown . 130,000 G lass products, made of purchased g la ss _____ Cem ent, hydraulic . 94,700 Structural clay p rod u cts____ P o ttery and related products . 2,300 C o n crete, gypsum , and p laster products _________ 43,400 Cut stone and stone products — 38,700 A b ra siv e , a sb esto s, and m iscellaneous! nonm etallic 10,300 m in eral p ro d u c ts ________ 73,700 580 6,480 6 1 4,290 1,470 102,000 1,030,000 14 8,070 40,000 22 8 21 23,800 14,700 400,000 83,200 13,600 107,000 4 2,070 14,000 9,930 74,100 12 7 12 *223 960 24,400 10 34 152,000 17,400 52,200 37 11,800 35 12,400 20 3,270 40 32,600 8 21 1,040 15,10 0 23 6,290 logging c o n t r a c to r s __________ Sawm ills and planing m i l l s _____ M illw ork, v eneer, plywood, and prefabricated structural wood p ro d u c ts ______________ Wooden containers ____________ M iscellaneous wood products . Furniture and fixtu res _ Household furniture _ O ffice furniture ___ 79,600 Public building and related furniture _ 243,000 P a rtitio n s, shelving, lo c k e rs, and office and store fixtu res _ M iscellaneous furniture and fixtures ............ -389,000 12,800 5 *93 12,800 1,490 80,800 13 Manufacturing— Continued 198,000 13 44,100 Stoppages beginning ' M an-days in 1958 | id le, 1958 (all W orkers Number involved stoppages) T ex tile m ill products Broadwoven fab ric m ills, co tto n . Broadwoven fab ric m ills, wool: Including dyeing and finishing . Narrow fab ric s and other sm allw a res m ills: Cotton, wool, silk , and m an-m ade fiber ....... Knitting m ills , Dyeing an dfin ish in g textiles , ex cept wool fab ric s and knit goods . Floor covering m ills . Tarn and thread m ills _ M iscellaneous textile goods . 1 210 551,000 4,310,000 178 506,000 36,700 3,870,000 308,000 4,080 4,430 99,500 13,100 20 10 6 2 160 600 7 5,210 14,800 18,200 282,000 50 23 12,600 6,420 183,000 24 7 13 4,000 760 740 67,700 11,500 13,500 74 55 4 13,800 9, 110 2,370 254.000 181,000 50,100 5 1,380 9 930 69 2 10 1 117 4 44,900 21,000 11,600 10,600 30 1,200,000 778,000 6 3,310 11,700 3 6 20 5 140 2,250 3, 120 , 110 3,700 38,600 55,300 69,800 53 8,280 158,000 3 1,250 16,200 17 3,500 65,800 51 6,370 1,370 111,000 2 5 1 2 580 10 7,070 2, 160 100 28 1,850 35,400 4 3 2 6 710 140 1, 150 570 11,400 770 29,700 24,600 126 152,000 3 170 275,000 A pparel and other finished products m ade from fab rics and sim ila r m aterials __________ 2.760.000 M en 's, youth s', and boys' 125,000 su its, co a ts, and overcoats . .160.000 M en 's, youth s', and boys» furnishings, w ork clothing, and a llie d garm ents . 383,000 W om en's, m is s e s ', and ju n io rs' outerw ear . W om en's, m is s e s ', ch ild ren 's, 310,000 and infants' under garm ents _ H ats, ca p s, and m illin ery . ____ G ir ls ', ch ild re n 's, and in fants' 492,000 outerw ear ,, .. ■ , F ur goods 10,500 M iscellaneous ap p arel and 132,000 a c c e s s o rie s .. M iscellaneous fab ricated 44,700 textile p ro d u c ts ______ 1 101,000 16 62 5 10 12 2 7,180 1,100,000 260 32,600 111,000 908,000 570 29,700 4,900 11)5,000 1,000 120 3 148 13 2,250 13,000 1,320 12,100 19,700 25 TABLE A-l. WORK STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY, 1958— Continued Stoppages beginning in 1958 Industry Number W orkers involved Manufacturing— Continued Boot and shoe cut stock 41 7 7,720 520 2 26 6,220 3 Handbags and other personal 3 Food and kindred p rod u cts___________ Canning and p reservin g fru its, v egetab les, and sea foods_________ G rain m ill p ro d u c ts_______________ M iscellaneous food preparations 270 210 176 30 13 60,600 19 17 35 9,470 4, 110 6,070 1'500 5 46 1,260 21 500 1 Confectionery and related 500 11,200 4,700 10 800 Tobacco m a n u fa ctu re s______________ C ig a rs . ... . _. ...... 4 4 270 270 Paper and a llied p rod u cts____________ 60 18,100 2,580 Paper m ills , except building Paperboard m ills ,, . . . Converted paper and paperboard products, except containers . . Paperboard containers and b o x e s ___ Building paper and building hoard m ill s Printing, publishing, and allied industries . ...... _ _ Newspapers: Publishing, publishing and printing! Rooks ... . __ .... Com m ercial printing Manifold business form s manufacturing Bookbinding and related in d u s t r ie s __ Service industries for the printing trade .............. ....... C hem icals and allied products _ Industrial inorganic and organic, chem icals P la stic s m aterials and synthetic re s in s , synthetic rubb er, syn thetic and other m an-m ade fib e rs, except glass Drugs Soap, detergents and cleaning p re parations, perfum es, co sm etics, and other toilet preparations P ain ts, v a rn ish es, la cq u ers, enam els, and allied products .... Cum and wood chem icals A gricultural chem icals M iscellaneous chem ical products ___ Petroleum refining and related industries Petroleum refining Paving and roofing m aterials M iscellaneous products of petroleum and coal ..._ Rubber and m iscellan eous p lastics products T ir e s and inner tuhes ..... . ... ... . ... Rubber footwear F ab ricated rubber products, not elsew here cla ssified _ M iscellaneous Iplastics products 2 9 6 19 6,020 l ' 170 1,010 21 2* 050 3 5,230 46 22,300 20 1 18,700 30 1 30 440 14 5 5 1,110 2,000 M an-days id le, 1958 (all stoppages) 661,000 8,020 Nonmanufacturing |____ 14,600 25,300 12,000 290 16,800 12,900 8,870 191,000 23 7 6,120 29,700 10,100 3 400 5,770 9 750 14,000 690 12,700 53,800 160 2,160 16 8 6 2 .8,090 7,380 630 141,000 124,000 14,700 80 1,850 58 17 23,800 16,700 450 147,000 2,440 4,200 31,100 46,500 1 11 29 66,000 3,150 P ro fessio n al, s cie n tific , and controlling instrum ents; photo graphic and optical goods; 27 Engineering, la b o ratory, and scientificJand re s e a rc h in stru ments and asso ciated equip m en t___ 6 ........ Mining ... . . _. ... Metal mining ................ Anthracite mining . .. Bituminous coal and lignite m in in g_ 324,000 Mining and quarrying of nonm etallic m in erals, except fuels 282,000 30 Contract construction 29 860 A g ricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fi sh eries _ . ... ... 81,900 318,000 2 Man-days id le, 1958 (all W orkers involved stoppages) 9,000 20,300 14 13 Number Manufacturing— Continued 78,900 P ro fessio n al, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photo 7,080 graphic and optical goods; watches and clocks— Continued: Instrum ents for m easuring, con 57,100 trollin g, and indicating physical 4, 160 ch a ra c teristic s .... ...... ...... Optical instrum ents and le n s e s ____ 1,500 Su rgical, m ed ical, and dental instrum ents and supplies . .. .... 83 100 Photographic equipment and 8,090 supplies ............... W atches, clo ck s, clockw ork 140,000 operated d evices, and p a r t s ______ 33,300 38,100 1,500 Mis cellaneous m anufacturing in dustries . ... J ew elry, silv e rw a re , and 18,100 plated w are 330,000 M usical instrum ents and p a r t s ____ T oys, am usem ent, sporting and ath letir grinds . ... .. .... 2, 170 Pen s, pen cils, and other office 2,170 and a r tis ts 1 m aterials _______ , Costum e je w e lry , costum e, 252,000 n ovelties, buttons, and 25,900 m iscellaneous notions, ex cept precious metal . . . . . . 89,100 M iscellaneous manufacturing 15,200 100 970 Stoppages beginning in 1958 Industry 14,300 233,000 9,690 130,000 Transportation, com m unication, e le c t r ic , g a s, and sanitary se rv ice s R ailroad transportation _. Local and suburban transit and interurban passenger transportation ... ............ Motor freigh t transportation and warehousing . .. . ....... Transportation by a ir Transportation s e rv ic e s Communication E le c tric , g a s, and sanitary W holesale trade Retail trade ... ........... 2,840 110 59,500 2,820 990 33,000 3 580 5,830 58 8,330 141,000 7 1 8 1 1 100 20 1,200 70 6 2 1, 100 1,640 27,200 15,600 9 2,250 20,600 320 13,200 17 1,330 21,900 18 1,710 42,500 11,739 574,000 8,520,000 6 168 7 8 136 4,010 14,300 38,600 5,850 600 29,700 302,000 117,000 , 120 2 102,000 17 2,370 80,400 844 326,000 4,790,000 242 132,000 3,300 2,270,000 3,580 11 60 11,500 331,000 80 33 18 45,200 15,600 45,300 630 1,790 881,000 78,800 880,000 6,990 22,500 6 14 20 358 180 178 8,810 57,000 27,200 29,800 61,600 942,000 365.000 577.000 4,560 F inance, insurance, and rea l e s t a t e __ Finance . . . .. __ Insurance .. . . . . Real estate _ 8 1 3 4 170 430 3,050 1,490 . ........ S e rv ic e s . _ ..... — H otels, rooming houses, camps; and other lodging places . . . . . . . Personal s e rv ic e s . ... M iscellaneous business se rv ic e s __ Automobile re p a ir, automobile s e rv ic e s , and garages M iscellaneous rep air s e r v i c e s -------Motion pictures Amusem ent and recreation s e rv ic e s , except motion p ic tu re s _ M edical and other health se rv ic e s ............... ... . 102 M useum s, a rt g a lle r ie s , botanical and zoological] gardens Nonprofit m em bership State governm ent . . . . . . _ IiOcal governm ent ....... . 1 600 10 20 14,100 196,000 16 17 18 2, 330 3,080 1,920 45,200 15,200 9 280 i,3 ia 640 10,600 12,700 42,900 9 520 19,900 4 6 950 230 16,600 10 10 j 1 15 1 14 22,200 1,720 1,420 3,350 30 1,350 170 5,400 1,720 7,510 60 7,450 30 1,690 Stoppages extending into 2 or m ore in dustries or industry groups have been counted in each industry or group affected; w o rk ers involved and m an-days idle w ere allo ca ted to the resp ective in dustries. NOTE: B ecause o f rounding, sum s of individual item s m ay not equal totals. 26 TABLE A-2. WORK STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY W ages, hours, and supplem entary benefits Total S .L C . code (group or division Industry group Beginning in 1958 Number Total Mfg. A ll industries ■■■— ............................ Manufacturing ,_______________ Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s ----------- 19 20 21 22 Tobacco m a n u fa ctu re s---------------Textile m ill p r o d u c t s ----------------A pparel, etc. 2 -------------------------Lum ber and wood products, except fu r n it u r e ---------------------Furniture and f ix t u r e s ---------------Paper and allied p r o d u c t s ----------- 23 24 25 26 Printing, publishing, and allied in d u s t r i e s --------------------C hem icals and allied p ro d u c ts------ 27 28 Petroleum refining and related industries -------------------Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics p r o d u c t s -------------------Leather and leather p r o d u c ts ------Stone, clay, and glass p r o d u c t s -------------------------------- 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Nonm fg. A B C E F Beginning in 1958 W orkers involved Number ‘ Man-days Beginning M an-days in 1958 idle, idle, 1958 1958 (all (all W orkers 1 Number stoppages] involved stoppages) 221 33,300 1,260,000 11,200,000 123 26,000 1,040,000 59,200 530,000 1,060 37, 300 19 3 1,460 2 70 35,200 2, 670 13, 694 2,060,000 23,900,000 1 1,875 1,380,000 18,300,000 * 1,95 5 1,490,000 15,400,000 11,029 972, 000 7 84 3 5, 620 39.900 250 1,330 12 176 4 51 12,800 60,600 2 70 , 3 70 94, 700 661,000 2 ,170 126 152,000 1,100,000 57 142,000 968,000 12 470 69 74 60 18,200 13,800 18,100 282,000 254,000 252,000 44 49 30 13,900 242,000 167, 000 140,000 7 8 6 550 1,14 0 320 46 22,300 20,300 324,000 318,000 27 65 21,100 10,400 263, 000 166,000 4 7 100 6 111,000 8,090 11 12,100 10,500 120 480 19,600 10,000 78,500 15,600 28,800 23,100 141,000 9 2, 550 35, 800 - - - 58 41 23,800 7, 720 147,000 78,900 33 24 10,000 5 3 410 5, 650 73,700 48,400 5,850 2,890 117 44,900 1,200,000 74 35,200 1,070,000 4 180 2, 820 P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s ----------Fabricated m etal p r o d u c t s * -------M achinery, except e le c t r i c a l------E le c tric a l m ach in ery, equipment, and s u p p lie s ------------------ 167 256 223 102,000 711,000 147, 000 ,220,000 152,000 2, 760,000 73 127 143 34,000 79,500 , 600 426, 000 858,000 1,500,000 9 14 750 940 18,000 16,400 78,100 687,000 430 18,300 Transportation e q u ip m en t----------Instrum ents, etc. 4 --- —-------------M iscellaneous m anufacturing in d u s tr ie s ------------------------------ 210 210 - 13,300 - 60 1,800 16 1 91 12 6 200 102,000 1,030,000 61 85,500 904,000 27 551,000 14,300 4,310,000 233,000 71 19 351,000 13,200 3,320,000 , 000 220 3 - 58 8, 330 141,000 44 6,330 118,000 1 Nonmanufacturing ---------------------- 11, 739 574,000 8,520,000 *846 413,000 7, 180, 000 98 7,330 222,000 A gricu ltu re, fo re stry , and f i s h e r i e s --------------------------------M in in g-------------------------------------Contract co n stru ctio n ----------------- 6 168 4, 010 38, 600 326,000 14,300 302,000 4, 790,000 5 31 413 3, 830 12,500 4, 190 161,000 252,000 4,380,000 - 844 27 _ 150 2,250 5,920 14, 800 Transportation, communication, e le c tric , gas, and san itary s e rv ic e s --------------------------------Wholesale and retail tr a d e ----------- 242 358 132,000 57,000 2,270,000 942,000 129 217 850 2, 130 13,600 163,000 600 14,100 1, 720 4,560 196,000 7, 510 4 43 80 1,830 40 230 23,700 180 F in an ce,in su ran ce, and rea l estate ------------------------------------Services ----------------------------------G o v e r n m e n t---------------------------- G H I Man-days idle, 1958 W orkers (all involved 'stoppages) Union organization, w ages, hours, and supplem entary benefits 93 8 102 15 1 2 3 4 5 8 92,200 1 50,200 1,750,000 726, 000 13 41 410 9,270 1, 130 3, 810 134,000 4, 760 13 2 1 Stoppages affecting m ore than 1 industry group have been counted in each industry group affected; w ork ers involved and m an-days idle were allocated to the resp ective groups. Includes other finished products made from fab rics and sim ilar m aterials. Excludes ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipment. Includes profession al, scien tific, and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clo ck s. Idleness in 1958 resulting from stoppage that began in 1957. NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sums of individual item s may not equal totals. 27 GROUP AND MAJOR ISSUES, 1958 Man-days idle, 1958 (all W orkers involved stoppages) Beginning in 1958 Number Interunion or intraunion m atters Other working conditions Union organization Number W orkers involved Man-days idle, 1958 (all stoppages) Beginning in 1958 Beginning in 1958 Number W orkers involved ' j Man-days idle, 1958 (all stoppage's) Not reported Beginning in 1958 Number W orkers involved S . I .C . code Man-days (group idle, or 1958 division) (all stoppages) 362 39,600 639,000 1876 558,000 3,430,000 321 42, 100 218,000 39 3, 190 15,500 Total 169 22,400 450,000 1 569 453,000 2,650,000 42 11,500 67, 700 23 2, 170 10,100 Mfg. 24 5,660 1,500 18,200 22,800 3 39 1,530 16,100 - - 17, 300 63,200 , 110 - 1,970 52,800 8 1 1,480 60 8, 520 21 - 29 2,610 69,800 2 100 2 10 5 230 240 3,090 7,260 4,460 5 7 110 210 2,680 3,150 - 2 2 1 12 22 12 4 16 20 9 20 2,580 1 12,100 5,280 3 150 19 1,040 990 270 1,830 23 _ 24 25 26 2 160 1,870 15,500 3 5, 120 22,700 3 2,380 160 6,680 24, 700 470 85,000 4 1,220 2,340 _ 7, 110 “ 90 " 1 600 980 28,900 8,610 125,000 2 3 1 “ 60 320 120 20 410 " “ 1 _ 360 “ _ 20 21 22 600 27 28 - - 7 5,540 105,000 - - - - - - 29 130 980 780 18 9 13,300 1,150 66,300 19,500 _ . _ _ _ _ 3 590 7, 300 - - - 30 31 120 160 11,700 27 8, 860 113,000 5 270 1,360 3 230 300 32 630 650 4,340 21,300 7, 550 204,000 78 89 53 67,100 65,400 37, 600 247, 000 266,000 363,000 100 610 360 3, 580 _ _ _ 2, 110 1,470 33 34 35 4 140 2,040 18 15,200 104,000 36 2,940 550 8,910 196,000 3,510 128 3 968,000 8,280 210 1,110 20 840 7 4 1 6 1 2 1 1 3,610 370 190 4,820 4 1, 710 15,600 - 4 6 15 12 8 193 17,100 189,000 307 15 67 2,810 8,830 37, 600 76,100 35 52 2,920 1,590 2 21 1 120 530 300 610 340 1,010 3,620 - - 5 2 2 _ 1 782,000 279 30,600 150,000 16 108 77 180 2 7, 700 35,200 1,800 83,800 185,000 9 252 3,050 26,800 10,700 134,000 4 21,500 28,700 58 37 35,800 2, 740 474,000 7 380 290 520 22,500 1,820 21 . . _ 2,330 250 15,500 700 3 5 21,100 8 2.000 2,900 5 200 60 _ - - 37 38 550 39 1,000 5,430 Nonm fg. 610 50 8 350 A 2,460 2,300 B C 3 40 480 E F _ 90 170 " 104,000 1 260 210 1 _ 20 _ 200 G H I 28 TABLE A-3. WORK STOPPAGES IN STATES HAVING 25 OR MORE STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 19581 Alabama Stoppages beginning in 1958 W orkers Number involved Industry group A ll industries _ Manufacturing ------------------------------------ P rim a ry m etal industries F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equip m en t__ Ordnance and a c ce sso rie s E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies __ M achinery, except e le c tric a l __ Transportation equipment Lum ber and wood products, except furniture _ — — F urniture and fixtures Stone, c la y , and glass products __ Textile m ill products _ _ ---- —— --------A pparel and other finished products made from fab rics and sim ila r m a t e r ia ls _______ L eather and leath er products __ __ __ _ Food and kindred p r o d u c t s ------------------------Tobacco m anufactures __ „ _ Pap er and allied p r o d u c ts _______________ Printin g, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s __ C hem icals and allied products Petroleum refining and related in d u s trie s __ Rubber and m iscellan eous p lastics products — P ro fessio n a l, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks _ ___ M iscellaneous m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ____ Nonmanufacturing . . . _ ___ A g ricu ltu re , fo re s try , and f is h e r ie s -----------Mining ___ __ C ontract construction _ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , g a s, and sanitary se rv ic e s W holesale and re ta il trade F inance, insurance, and re a l estate S e rv ic e s Governm ent California Arkansas Man-days Stoppages beginning Man-days Stoppages beginning M an-days idle during in 1958 idle during idle during in 1958 W orkers 1958 (all W orkers 1958 (all 1958 (all Number Number involved stoppages) involved stoppages) stoppages) 72 12,100 130,000 26 4,470 57,000 221 73,100 1,130,000 33 6,070 77,200 11 1,490 18,000 113 38,900 452,000 8 2,080 8,540 1 170 1,660 6 900 18,600 6 - 560 - 24,200 - - - - 8 3 2,500 1,620 14,200 19,900 1 1 470 20 2,530 2,720 1 - 60 - 170 - 3 10 17 90 1,600 19,000 4,670 29,400 181,000 _ 2 130 80 - 5,860 200 - 1 1 1 - 80 580 40 - 5,250 2,900 130 - 9 12 7 1 1,270 1,010 690 90 15,700 23,100 6,710 1,710 1,570 14,900 _ 630 760 1,450 13,800 1 3 _ - 230 100 240 - 460 6,550 860 - 7 1 1 1 620 630 _ 130 30 50 1,260 370 210 6,040 90 900 410 20 1,810 11,800 1,340 86,300 7,840 8, 180 3,870 40 12,500 . - - - - - - 2 250 5,560 39 6.060 52,500 15 2,980 39,100 108 34,200 678,000 _ 12 11 . 2,690 2,100 6,330 26,100 . 270 2,650 . 14,800 24,200 1 _ 34 150 4,860 300 _ 39,100 1,11 0 60 80 20 16,400 760 _ 2,800 90 _ 60 . " . 60 " 27 _ - 23,900 3,830 _ 1,440 30 547,000 39,900 _ 52,000 60 91 31,400 444,000 38 25,900 306,000 21 3,070 38,000 15 21,400 253,000 2 - 3 _ 5 _ - 2 10 2 . 3 1 2 2 11 _ 2 Connecticut A ll industries Manufacturing _ _ _ _ P rim a ry m etal industries _ F ab rica ted m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipm ent__ Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s _ _ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies Transportation equipment Lum ber and wood products, except furniture ---------- .. ._______ __ -__ F urniture and fixtu res Stone, c la y , and glass products _ A pparel and other finished products made from fa b ric s and s im ila r m aterials Leath er and leather products Food and kindred products Tobacco m anufactures P ap er and allied p r o d u c ts _ P rintin g, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s ___ C hem icals and allied products Petroleum refining and related industries ___ Rubber and m iscellan eous p lastics p rod u cts_ P ro fe ssio n a l, scie n tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks M iscellaneous m anufacturing industries - -■ Nonmanufacturing >- ■ A g ricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish e rie s ____ Mining C on tract construction T ransportation, com m unication, e le c tr ic , g a s, and san itary s e rv ic e s W holesale and re ta il trade F inance, in su rance, and re a l estate S e rv ic e s - — ............................ Se« footnotes at end o f table, 2 10 - 2 4 6 1 5 - 33 _ 12 1 Georgia Florida 53 17,300 209,000 28 11,10 0 129,000 4 1,790 23,800 2 250 4,060 2 1,330 54,700 3 _ 240 - 970 _ 4 _ 740 _ 16,500 . . _ _ 1 1 1 120 3,640 780 1,430 68,400 930 - _ - . - _ 2 4 _ 130 18,100 _ 2,260 159,000 . 1 1 2 _ 300 20 40 300 40 160 _ 1 2 - 10 200 - 90 780 . _ 1 1 580 10 . 13,900 130 4 1 1 . 3 . ■ 3 2,700 150 40 _ 450 - 3 . 4 1 2 1 1 _ - 110 _ 430 20 1,070 130 120 _ - 3,280 _ 4,960 1,11 0 6,660 390 120 . . 1 _ _ 1 _ 1 - 230 _ _ _ 600 _ 70 _ 1,160 . 460 15,200 450 1,230 . 1,100 . _ 10,100 . 2 • 370 . 5,350 . - _ “ 2 410 " 3,000 25 6il80 80.100 70 28,300 406.000 23 4.410 52.900 60 12,800 180 . 148,000 12 . 1,280 . 11,700 12,100 350 . 3,000 “ 238,000 4,790 8 4 • «* “ 2,800 320 . _ “ 36,300 4,950 . . “ _ _ 13 . 5,630 74, 100 1 43 7 4 . . 1 90 220 . _ 250 3,040 2,460 . . 500 12 9 . 5 “ 14,000 * _ 17,000 _ 470 a20 29 TABLE A-3. WORK STOPPAGES IN STATES HAVING 25 OR MORE STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 19581— Continued Illinois Stoppages beginning Man-days idle during in 1958 1958 (all Number W orkers stoppages) involved Industry group Indiana Iowa Stoppages beginning Man-days Stoppages beginning M an-days idle during idle during in 1958 in 1958 W orkers 1958 (all 1958 (all W orkers Number involved stoppages) Number involved . stoppages) -------------- — 230 103,000 1,720,000 108 129,000 884,000 69 21.600 229,000 Manufacturing --------------------- ------------------ 126 89,200 1,560,000 71 122,000 848,000 32 14,400 145,000 14 8,840 80,900 13 29,300 63,300 4 710 15,300 19 - 16,100 - 69,000 - 11 - 7,360 - 69,510 - 5 - 300 - 11,200 - 9 26 12 1,590 42,800 6,540 17,500 1,130,000 54,500 3 8 23 19,000 2,820 57,800 222,000 14,000 412,000 3 8 - 2,660 3,010 - 9,720 34,300 - 3 1 8 - 90 30 2, 720 . 2,980 460 30,100 . _ 1 5 1 140 1,510 280 - 1,490 20,400 1,120 1 3 - 1,500 290 - 31,900 7,800 - 4 1 12 1 2 10 1 2 2,410 150 2,630 _ 80 370 3,810 120 80 5,860 150 26,400 250 16,600 105,000 500 1,550 _ _ 4 2 1 2 1 - _ _ 470 680 120 750 1,400 - _ 6,730 _ 28,000 940 7, 710 1,400 - _ 8 - _ 5,990 - 34,300 - 3 2 590 300 4,350 7,940 - - 104 13,400 162,000 37 4 56 . 670 6,960 720 89,800 45,000 21 300 *510 4,280 - A ll industries __ __ P rim a ry m etal in d u strie s___ __ __ __ _ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipm ent--Ordnance and a c c e s s o r ie s _______________ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies _ ____ __ __ __ _ _ _ M achinery, except e le c tric a l _ __ ________ Transportation equipment _ __ __ __ ____ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture __ „ ___ __ _ __ ___ F urniture and fixtures _ __ __ _ Stone, cla y , and glass products _____ ____ Textile m ill products __ ____ ______ A pparel and other finished products made from fa b ric s and sim ila r m aterials ___ _ Leather and leather products _ __ ____ __ Food and kindred products ___ ______ _ Tobacco m a n u fa ctu res-------------- --------Paper and allied products _ __ ___ __ _ Printing, publishing, and allied in d u s trie s __ C hem icals and allied products ___ Petroleum refining and related in d u s tr ie s __ Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics p ro d u c ts_ P ro fessio n al, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and c l o c k s _ _____ M iscellaneous manufacturing industries ____ Nonmanufacturing -------- — ----------- A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and f i s h e r i e s _______ M in in g ____ ____ — __ _ ____ Contract construction __ __ ___ ___ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , gas, and sanitary s e rv ice s ____ Wholesale and re ta il trade _______________ Finance, insurance, and rea l e s t a t e _______ S erv ic es _ _ Governm ent __ 17 21 _ 6 - 3,210 2,290 _ 260 - - - 1 - 10 30 - - - - - - - - 7,260 36,100 37 7,150 84,800 . 4,350 14,500 . . 6 12 . 1,690 3,210 11 5 _ 1 2 1,350 240 _ 40 730 9,710 3,380 _ 250 3,930 - 5, 690 5 5 _ 2 ~ 910 340 _ 210 - Kansas A ll industries _ __ __ _ Manufacturing] . __ ____ __ P rim a ry m etal industries _ — __ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipment Ordnance and a c ce sso rie s _ __ _ _ __ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies _ _ M achinery, excep t e le c tric a l _ ___ Transportation equipment _ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture __ F urniture and fixtures _ __ Stone, c la y , and glass products _ . Textile m ill products _ __ A pparel and other finished products made from fa b ric s and sim ila r m aterials Leather and leather products Food and kindred products Tobacco m anufactures Paper and allied products P rinting, publishing, and allied industries _ C hem icals and allied products Petroleum refining and related industries Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics products _ P ro fessio n al, scien tific, and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks M iscellaneous manufacturing industries Nonmanufacturing i— ............ ............ A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish eries Mining . Contract construction Transportation, com m unication, e le c tr ic , gas, W holesale and retail trade _ F inance, insurance, and re a l estate Governm ent ................ .. . See footnotes at end of table. ...... ,r _ __ __ _ - 25 . - 67,100 11,500 5,720 _ 530 Kentucky 33 12,000 106,000 63 28,700 417,000 9 9,140 84,900 21 23,300 385,000 3 400 8,200 _ _ _ _ _ 4 „ 2,630 _ 61,800 1 _ 3 60 _ 7,350 660 _ 61,900 1 4 4 90 14,000 1,910 270 210,000 6, 730 2 _ _ _ 470 _ _ _ 10,400 _ _ _ 1 3 1 20 4,080 90 460 96,900 500 _ _ 3 _ 1,270 _ 12,000 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - 24 2,850 20,800 42 5,390 32,400 13 1,950 11,900 20 10 4 040 *960 17 700 8*760 6 520 370 4,640 4,300 6 4 240 80 4,630 490 2 - 80 810 - _5 _ * _ _ _ _ _ 30 TABLE V 3 . WORK STOPPAGES IN STATES HAVING 25 OR MORE STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 1958 — Continued Louisiana Maryland Stoppages beginning Man-days Stoppages be ginning in 1958 in 1958 idle during W orkers 1958 (all W orkers Number Number involved involved stoppages) Industry group A ll industries _____ _ _ _ _ _ _ Manufacturing |-------------- ------------------------------ 68 23,600 295,000 36 9.410 127,000 164 49.000 504,000 14 3,920 65,900 16 7,550 116,000 102 26,500 253,000 1 50 590 2 70 1,960 2 80 790 2 1,310 3,870 11 2 3,030 230 24,400 260 6 5 3 190 1,120 3,210 3,240 38,300 26, 900 2 7 1 4 200 830 40 540 450 5,950 570 2, 710 20 10 12 6 3 8, 100 1,740 1,260 480 49, 900 14,900 6,150 8,580 21 9 ,100 950 . P rim a ry m etal industries — — _ — F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation eq u ip m en t_ Ordnance and a c ce sso rie s _ ------ __ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and s u p p lie s _ — ___ — — ____ — M achinery, except e le c t r i c a l____ Transportation equipment _ __ „ __ _ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture __ __ F urniture and fixtures — _ Stone, c la y , and glass products T extile m ill products A pparel and other finished products made from fab ric s and sim ila r m aterials _ — — Leather and leather products _ ___ . Food and kindred products _ Tobacco m anufactures __ __ P aper and allied products _ P rinting, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s __ C hem icals and allied products Petroleum refining and related in d u s tr ie s _____ Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics products ___ P ro fessio n al, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical __________ goods; watches and clocks _ M iscellaneous m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s _______ - - _ - - - _ _ - _ - _ - 1 11,000 - - 3 200 3,780 • _ _ _ 1,640 44,200 - 3 870 _ 31,300 . $,940 2,030 2,250 2 3 1 4 - - _ 2 2 _ 580 740 450 1 - - - Nonmanufacturing ; A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish eries _ Mining _ __ ______________ _ _ _ _ _ Contract construction _ __ — __ _ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , g a s, and san itary serv ices W holesale and retail trade _ _ — F inance, insurance, and rea l estate _ _ S erv ic es _ --------Governm ent __ __ _____ Massachusetts M an-days Stoppages beginning Man-days idle during in 1958 idle during 1958 (all 1958 (all Number W orkers stoppages) involved stoppages) - - - - 850 430 60 - 240 - _ - _ _ 430 9,710 - - 54 19,700 229.000 20 . . 2 36 190 17,300 , 120 195,000 1 - 2, 950 4, 560 - - 3 _ - 61,900 - - - 5 4,540 20,400 - 2 650 200 28,600 200 250.000 1 1,860 10,600 62 22,400 1 100 1,400 1 180 - - - - - 6 620 2,490 30 18,300 185,000 6 5 960 130 6, 020 550 16 11 3,370 440 56,400 6,600 _ 9 6 1,810 310 19,500 13,200 _ _ - - - 1 - 30 - 170 - 1 1 20 30 j 120 30 - 3 1 _ Manufacturing __ , _ _ ------ — P rim a ry m etal industries _ __ __ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipment Ordnance and a c c e sso rie s _ ____ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies _ M achinery, except e le c tric a l _ _ __ Transportation equipment _ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture __ _ _ F urniture and fixtures _ _ __ Stone, c la y , and glass products Textile m ill products _ _ A pp arel and other finished products made from fab ric s and s im ila r m aterials Leather and leath er products _ Food and kindred products Tobacco m anufactures _ Paper and allied products _ _ _ Nonmanufacturing ( A g ricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish eries Mining Contract construction _ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , ga s, and sanitary s e rv ic e s W holesale and re ta il trade F inance, insurance, and rea l estate S erv ic es Governm ent _ _ __ See footnotes at end of table, — . P rin tin g , p ub lishing , and a llied in d u strie s G h e m ira ls and a llied p rn d n rts _ P etroleum refining and related industries Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics products P ro fessio n a l, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks _ M iscellaneous manufacturing industries — 7 - 140 10 1,800 - 1,13 0 40 Minnesota Michigan A ll industries - 110 275 437,000 3,400,000 76 18,800 218,000 !97 400,000 2,970,000 34 9.680 142,000 15 12,800 107,000 29 33,900 5,560 225,000 15,700 4 310 7,000 2 - - - 34 83 12,000 25, 700 289,000 61,500 297,000 1,930,000 2 230 1,890 3, 100 5,250 26, 100 9,210 3 4 210 1,410 1,850 3,510 17,500 25, 900 3 1 1 1 1 250 90 40 30 5,190 1,700 580 270 5 8 3 _ - _ 3 1 810 9,180 - - _ _ 9 11,400 174,000 5 520 4,160 _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 7 6 1 2 240 1,530 720 330 90 13,800 35,100 25,800 24,300 810 1 1 1,600 1, 500 51,200 26,100 _ _ _ 1 90 4,660 - _ - 1 1 250 1,400 2,000 4,200 2 - 30 “ 430 78 36,600 426,000 42 9,170 76,300 2 14 1,640 1,690 10,300 16,000 7 15 1,230 3,510 14,900 33,200 - , - 10 70 _ _ - - - 41 21,400 277,000 11 20 2 6 - 6,800 7,360 70 1,040 - 63,000 69,700 160 17,000 . 4 - _ _ 1, 100 - 1,980 - 31 TABLE A-3. WORK STOPPAGES IN STATES HAVING 25 OR MORE STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 19581— Continued New Jersey ! New J^exico Missouri Stoppages beginning M an-days Stoppages beginning M an-days Stoppages beginning I Man-days idle during idle during in 1958 in 1958 in 1958 idle during W orkers 1958 (all W orkers 1958 (aU W orkers 1958 (all Number Number Number involved stoppages) . involved , stoppages) involved stoppages) Industry group 109 38,300 676.000 260 96, 900 939,000 27 8,620 121,000 ------------- 53 27,800 564,000 162 77.200 647,000 7 2, 560 23,600 P rim a ry m etal industries _ __ __ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipm ent__ Ordnance and a c ce sso rie s . ____ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies __ __ ---M achinery, except e l e c t r i c a l_____________ Transportation eq u ip m en t_ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture Furniture and fixtures Stone, c la y , and glass products _ T extile m ill products . ---- . A pparel and other finished products made from fab rics and sim ila r m a t e r ia l s _______ Leather and leather products _ Food and kindred products _ Tobacco m anufactures _ P aper and allied products _ P rinting, publishing, and allied in d u s tr ie s __ C hem icals and allied products Petroleum refining and related in d u s tr ie s ___ Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics products _ P ro fessio n al, scien tific, and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks M iscellaneous manufacturing in d u s t r ie s ____ 1 160 8,050 10 1, 720 16,400 . 9 - 1,500 - 27,500 _ 17 - 5, 520 - 75,200 - 2 1,570 11,900 1 6 9 170 1,900 17,400 21,500 32,800 279,000 10 18 7 11,200 4, 110 18,900 33,000 36,000 83,800 1 30 2,820 _ 4 - _ 2,190 _ _ _ 130,000 _ _ 6 8 18 _ 1, 120 1,240 1, 100 21,000 67,000 25,800 1 - 180 - 1,260 - 4 2 9 1. 4 1 1,770 320 1,420 _ 20 580 100 24,300 1, 170 5, 750 _ 340 . 18,900 _ 1,430 17 _ 10 1 5 2 19 2 7 12,000 _ 7,600 40 1,420 70 3,230 1,970 1,300 79,200 _ 119,000 590 2, 650 1, 520 27,000 19,800 8,040 1 1 1 - 40 670 70 - 3,270 1,340 2,980 - 2 . 280 al , 970 10,500 3 4 4,390 360 28, 100 2,640 _ - _ - - 56 10,500 112,000 98 19,700 292,000 20 6,060 97,300 . . A ll industries _ __ ---- Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish e rie s . _ __ Mining _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Contract c o n s tr u c tio n ___________________ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , gas, and sanitary serv ices Wholesale and retail trade F inance, insurance, and rea l estate ________ S erv ices ____ __ __ Governm ent _ __ __ __ _ __ Manufacturing . P rim a ry m etal industries _ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipment Ordnance and a c ce sso rie s _ __ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies _ _ __ __ M achinery, except e le c tric a l Transportation equipment Lum ber and wood products, except furniture _ _ _ ___ _ Furniture and fixtures Stone, c la y , and glass products Textile m ill products _ A pparel and other finished products made from fab rics and sim ila r m aterials Leather and leather products _ __ Food and kindred products --__ Tobacco m anufactures Paper and allied products .... -----------Printing, publishing, and allied industries C hem icals and allied products Petroleum refining and related industries Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics products P ro fessio n al, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks M iscellaneous m anufacturing industries . Nanmanutacturing .................... . A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish e rie s _ Mining __ __ Contract construction . _ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tr ic , ga s, and sanitary serv ice s Wholesale and re ta il trade Finance, insurance, and real estate . S erv ic es _ Governm ent _ _ - .... See footnotes at end of table, . _ _ » 23 _ 2,060 _ 11,800 _ 46 15,200 _ 240,000 5 10 3, 600 940 44,100 13,800 14 15 _ 3 2 6,930 1,140 _ 280 70 78,700 18,000 _ 3,340 500 21 27 1 5 - 1,800 2,460 10 200 14,300 35,500 90 2, 370 - 4 _ 1 1,030 500 " 27,400 12,000 - 473 264,000 2,430,000 28 5, 110 79,000 282 195,000 1,600,000 14 3, 160 49,800 North Carolina New York A ll industries _ _ 11 990 8, 700 35 1 10,600 290 100,000 9, 700 _ _ _ _ 23 15 13 13,500 5,350 18,900 181,000 31,800 179,000 _ 1 1 _ 10 200 _ 80 1,200 6 19 11 11 150 4,450 1,640 850 3, 630 39,300 46, 700 10,800 2 _ 1 6 160 _ 50 2, 680 1,430 _ 150 44,600 33 6 25 1 14 10 14 1 8 101,000 2, 360 10,100 20 990 14,600 1,390 20 660 561,000 27,200 61,400 290 11,900 168,000 14,300 290 21,900 1 _ _ _ _ 1 1 _ _ 20 _ _ _ _ 20 10 _ _ 530 _ _ _ _ 1, 760 10 _ _ 8 20 6,410 560 117,000 3, 980 _ - _ - _ - 191 68,900 833,000 14 1,950 29,200 59 41,900 547,000 1 2 60 140 2,460 1,510 46 59 2 24 2 18,000 5, 610 270 2, 650 450 184,000 83,000 270 16,300 2,040 9 1,410 230 17, 900 1,860 _ 5,500 “ __ _ __ _ _1 1 - _ 110 - 32 TABLE A-3. WORK STOPPAGES IN STATES HAVING 25 OR MORE STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 19581— Continued Oregon Ohio Oklahoma Stoppages beginning M an-days Stoppages beginning Man-days Stoppages beginning 1958 idle during in ' in 1958 in 1958 idle during W orkers 1958 (all W orkers 1958 (all W orkers Number Number Number involved , involved stoppages) involved stoppages) Industry group A ll industries ______ —. Manufacturing - — __ ___ — _______ P rim a ry m etal in d u s t r ie s __ ___ ------__ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation equipm ent----Ordnance and a c c e s s o rie s _ ____ __ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies - --- ------------— ---------------M achinery, except e le c tric a l ____ Transportation equipment _ __ ____ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture _ __ _____ _ _ F urniture and fixtures _____ _ _ _ Stone, c la y , and glass products ___________ ____ __ Textile m ill products _ __ __ A pparel and other finished products made from fab rics and sim ila r m a t e r ia ls _______ L eather and leather p ro d u c ts ____ __ Food and kindred p rod u cts________________ Tobacco m anufactures „ — Pap er and allied products _ __ ___ _ _ Printin g, publishing, and allied industries __— C hem icals and allied products _ — ___ Petroleum refining and related in d u s trie s ___ Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics p r o d u c ts _ P ro fessio n al, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks ______________ M iscellaneous m anufacturing in d u s t r ie s ____ Nonmanufacturing --- _ __ A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish eries _ _____ _ __ __ _ ________ __ Mining C ontract construction __ __ _ --- __ Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , ga s, and sanitary s e rv ic e s __ — W holesale and re ta il trade _ __ __ ___ F inance, insurance, and rea l estate S erv ices ___ _ _ _ _ ____ _ __ __ __ Governm ent _ 359 234,000 3,160,000 33 5,700 96,300 51 41,500 743,000 229 183,000 2,290,000 6 1,270 45,100 22 7,810 119.000 40 17,000 174,000 1 480 1,450 1 20 490 44 1 38,900 580 348,000 2,300 - - - 2 - 510 - 2, 710 - 13 34 29 27, 700 21,500 49,700 345,000 470,000 647,000 - - - 1 170 3,290 1 5 21 1 20 670 11,200 60 30 14,200 165,000 60 _ _ 1 - _ . 610 - _ 41,700 - 13 2 1 - 6, 190 50 20 - 104,000 150 130 - 2 2 8 1 4 1 7 1 14 230 60 1,910 190 i,5 10 80 730 140, 9,230 580 160 7,470 190 22,000 2, 760 26,300 4,480 36,400 . 1 _ 3 _ 110 - 540 1,390 1 - 800 - 8,000 - 1 6 10 1,890 20 22,700 130 50,800 872,000 9 70 . 1,900 42,000 14,400 697,000 12 2,940 3,880 _ 100 30 30,600 129,000 930 30 10 5 23 22 _ 5 1 - - 70 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 50 110 27 4,430 51,200 29 33,700 624,000 _ 3,820 _ 42,300 1 8 40 28,900 720 513,000 9 9 _ 2 - 4,080 620 40 * 97,400 12,900 210 . _ - " - Manufacturing _ ................... .... ........... ... _ ___ ____ . P rim a ry m etal industries __ __ F ab ricated m etal products, except ordnance, m achinery, and transportation eq u ip m en t__ Ordnance and a c ce sso rie s _ __ E le c tric a l m achinery, equipment, and supplies _ __ _ _ __ ___ __ M achinery, except e le c tric a l __ __ _ Transportation e q u ip m en t_ _ __ Lum ber and wood products, except furniture _ _ __ ______ F urniture and fixtures _ __ ___ _ ___ Stone, c la y , and glass products _ __ T extile m ill products _ __ _ __ __ _ A pparel and other finished products made from fab rics and sim ila r m aterials Leather and leather products _ Food and kindred products _ ................ Tobacco m anufactures P aper and allied products _ _ Printin g, publishing, and allied industries C hem icals and allied products _ P etroleum refining and related industries Rubber and m iscellaneous p lastics products P ro fe ssio n a l, scien tific , and controlling instrum ents; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks ________ _ M iscellaneous manufacturing industries Nonmanufacturing __ _ A gricu ltu re, fo re s try , and fish eries _ _ Mining ___ __ __ __ __ . _ _ Contract construction Transportation, com m unication, e le c tric , g a s, and sanitary se rv ice s _ ___ W holesale and retail trade — _ _ F inance, insurance, and rea l estate S erv ices _ _ Governm ent ___ . _ __ ___ See footnotes at end of table. . - - _ - 390 230 . 7,410 1,230 - *320 " - _ _ _ Pennsylvania A ll industries M an-days idle during 1958 (all stoppages) Tennessee 394 150,000 1,810,000 57 21,200 248,000 225 101,000 1,360,000 29 14,200 146,000 19 10,200 23,200 3 4,280 26,200 33 15,700 69,600 4 3,570 26,500 _ _ _ 13 27 10 11,300 14,200 8,420 89, 800 161,000 37,800 1 10 2 2 6 15 2 30 920 8,960 180 660 47,800 384,000 21,400 _ _ _ 2 1 1 410 100 20 32,200 500 80 32 8 19 18,700 1,200 4, 360 9 5 10 1 4 1,400 1,390 2,830 70 770 316,000 17,200 42,100 « 21,900 34,600 60,400 1,560 6, 980 2 8 100 740 169 _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 2,860 1,240 10 50,300 3,490 _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ 300 430 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ 1,390 6,280 _ _ _ - - _ 7,160 21,900 - _ _ - - 48,500 450,000 28 7,050 102,000 25 67 4,470 22,700 8,590 262,000 4 11 410 5, 190 7,790 73,500 24 38 2 13 ~ 6,430 12,500 150 2,190 - 63,500 73,500 3,030 39,900 10 3 1,250 190 16, 700 3,860 „ _ _ * - . “ _ 33 TABLE A-3. WORK STOPPAGES IN STATES HAVING 25 OR MORE STOPPAGES BY INDUSTRY GROUP, 19581—Continued Industry group All industries . ___ Manufacturing j-.----- --P rim ary m etal in d u s t r ie s __ Fabricated metal products, except ordnance, machinery, and transportation eq u ip m en t___ Ordnance and a c cesso rie s Electrical machinery, equipment, and su p p lie s_____________________ ____________ Machinery, except electrical __ _____ _ Transportation equipment ___ Lumber and wood products, except furniture __ __ — __ Furniture and fixtures _____________________ Stone, clay, and g la ss p ro d u c ts_____________ Textile m ill p ro d u c ts_______________________ Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and sim ilar m aterials __ __ Leather and lea the r products _ — __ Food and kindred products Tobacco m an ufactu res_______ ,__ ___________ Paper and allied products _ _____ Printing, publishing, and allied industries ___ Chemicals and allied products _ Petroleum refining and related in d u strie s____ Rubber and miscellaneous p lastics p r o d u c ts_ P rofession al, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks _____ M iscellaneous manufacturing in d u str ie s _____ * l Agriculture, forestry , and fish eries ■_ __ . Mining __ __ Contract construction _ _____ _ __ _ Transportation, communication, electric, gas, and sanitary services __ _ __ Wholesale and retail trade Finance, insurance, and real estate _ ____ S ervices __ __ Government — _ _ __ __ Washington Virginia Ts^tas Stoppages beginning : Man-days Stoppages beginning Man-days Stoppage s beginning Man-days idle during in 1958 idle during In 1958 idle during in 1958 Workers 1958 (all 1958 (all 1958 (all Workers Number Workers involved stoppages) Number . involved stoppages) involved stoppages) Number 70 17 2 32,500 8, 990 940 917,000 137,000 7,400 47 12 . 12,500 3,090 _ 166,000 37,700 - 58 23 _ 31,600 7.170 680,000 61,300 2 - 140 1,420 . 1 70 . 1,040 . 2 - 240 - 2,210 - . 3 . 3, 560 30,200 1 880 880 2 790 1,280 _ 1 1 • _ 290 30 - _ 6,940 1,080 - 2 _ 1 1 200 60 200 10,400 *4 , 960 60 1,400 12 - 5,430 - 52,800 - . 5 1 _ 980 30 50 2,990 - _ . 12,200 410 *4 ,5 9 0 230 72,100 - 2 1 _ - 320 110 - 770 11,400 - 3 1 2 440 140 50 _ 781,000 _ . 750,000 _ 35 . 31 23,500 _ _ 21,200 13 9 _ _ - 1,820 470 _ _ * 23,100 7,740 _ _ * - 1 1 . 53 - - - - - 1,520 2, 940 330 - _ 128,000 _ 4,730 8,330 . 1 35 2 11 90 24,500 3, 520 6,680 » 260 618,000 10, 600 126,000 107,000 3,240 . 4,420 * 7 11 6,920 7,180 . 140 30 153,000 323,000 5, 730 220 26,000 9,330 3,050 241,000 139,000 42,000 78 37 2 25.600 21,400 80 364,000 312.000 1,390 1 9 .. 30 . _ 170 _ „ 80 4,280 _ 30 .. _ 3, 180 _ . 1,060 86,000 . 5 2 2 6 5 4 1 _ - 1,150 2, 960 320 2,970 8,800 960 30 _ _ 14,800 35,000 11,500 97, 800 72,600 24,300 270 _ _ 1 1 1 270 330 30 1,350 330 1,510 1 1 3 160 100 180 320 1,190 1, 110 1 50 _ 1,050 50 _ 3, 530 _ . 1 2 . _ . 80 2,030 _ 140 8,820 2 1 41 _ . 18 1,460 80 4,200 _ 2,490 38,800 3,600 52,700 13 7 _ 3 ” 1,260 380 _ 70 12,500 3,600 - - - 1,250 - 6, 780 - 8 12 9, 430 _ 2,400 1,410 13 2 . 1 - 5,300 250 _ 70 “ 3 - _ - 3 1 Wisconsin West Virginia All industries _ Manufacturing |............... _ . _ . .... __ ___ P rim ary metal industries .... _ . Fabricated metal products, except ordnance, machinery, and transportation equipment ----- . . ... Ordnance and accesso rie s E lectrical machinery, equipment, and supplies Machinery, except electrical „ ____ Transportation equipment Lumber and wood products, except furniture Furniture and fixtures _ .. Stone, clay, and g la ss products _ __ _______ Textile m ill products _ __ Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and sim ilar m aterials . . Leather and leather products Food and kindred products Tobacco manufactures _ _ _ _ Paper and allied products . . . __ _ . Printing, publishing, and allied industries Chemicals and allied products _ Petroleum refining and related industries Rubber and miscellaneous p lastics products P rofession al, scientific, and controlling instruments; photographic and optical goods; watches and clocks . M iscellaneous manufacturing industries Nonmanufacturing — __ __ Agriculture, forestry , and fish eries Mining __ __ __ __ __ _ Contract construction _ . . . Transportation, communication, electric, gas. and sanitary services _ . Wholesale and retail trade .... . Finance, insurance, and real estate _ _ Services __ __ Government _ «. - 125 24 3 1 - j . 3 - 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ 102,000 61 20 _ 16,600 _ 12,700 3,060 8 12 330 540 6,260 14, 600 _ *50 - “ _ 101 _ _ 52,400 28,900 _ _ _ _ . 34, 700 2,020 “ * No work stoppages were recorded during 1958 for the industry groups for which no data are presented. Idleness in 1958 resulting from stoppages that began in 1957. In some other c a se s, the mam-days of idleness may refer to more stoppages than are shown for the State and industry group since the man-day figures refer to all strikes in effect, w hereas the number of stoppages and workers refers only to stoppages beginning the year. NOTE: Stoppages extending into 2 or more industry groups have been counted in each industry group affected; workers involved and mamdays idle were allocated among the respective groups. Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. 35 Appendix B: Scope, Methods, and: Definitions 13 W o rk Stoppage S ta tis tic s T h e B u r e a u s s t a t is t ic s in clu d e a ll w o r k s to p p a g e s o c c u r r in g in the con tin en ta l U nited S tates in v o lv in g a s m a n y a s s ix w o r k e r s and la s tin g the eq u iv a len t o f a fu ll day o r sh ift o r lo n g e r . D e fin itio n s S trik e o r L o c k o u t . —A strik e is d e fin e d a s a te m p o r a r y stop p a g e o f w o r k b y a g rou p o f e m p lo y e e s (n ot n e c e s s a r il y m e m b e r s o f a u nion ) to e x p r e s s a g r ie v a n c e o r e n fo r c e a d em a n d . A lo c k o u t is a t e m p o r a r y w ith h o ld ing o f w o r k f r o m a g ro u p o f e m p lo y e e s b y an e m p lo y e r (o r g ro u p o f e m p lo y e r s ) in o r d e r to in du ce the e m p lo y e e s to a c c e p t the e m p lo y e e s t e r m s . B e c a u s e o f the c o m p le x it ie s in v o lv e d in m o s t la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t d is p u te s , the B u re a u m a k e s no e ffo r t to d e te r m in e w h eth er the sto p p a g e s a r e in itia ted b y the w o r k e r s o r the e m p lo y e r s . The t e r m s " s t r i k e ” and " w o r k s to p p a g e " a r e u sed in te r ch a n g e a b ly in th is rep ort. W o r k e r s and I d le n e s s . —F ig u r e s on " w o r k e r s in v o lv e d " and " m a n -d a y s id l e " in clu d e a ll w o r k e r s m a de id le fo r one sh ift o r lo n g e r in e s ta b lis h m e n ts d ir e c t ly in v o lv e d in a sto p p a g e . T h ey do not m e a s u r e s e c o n d a r y id le n e s s — that i s , the e f f e c t s o f a stop p ag e on o th e r e s ta b lis h m e n ts o r in d u s tr ie s w h o s e e m p lo y e e s m a y b e m a d e id le a s a r e s u lt o f m a t e r ia l o r s e r v ic e s h o r ta g e s . T h e to ta l n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in s t r ik e s in a g iv e n y e a r in clu d e s w o r k e r s cou n ted m o r e than o n ce if th ey w e r e in v o lv e d in m o r e than one stop p a g e d u rin g that y e a r . (T h u s, in 1949, 365, 000 to 400, 000 c o a l m in e r s s tru c k on 3 d iffe r e n t o c c a s io n s ; th ey c o m p r is e d 1. 15 m illio n o f the y e a r ’ s to ta l o f 3 .0 3 m illio n w o r k e r s . ) In s o m e p r o lo n g e d s to p p a g e s , it is n e c e s s a r y to e s tim a te in p a rt the to ta l m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s i f the e x a c t n u m b er o f w o r k e r s id le e a c h day is not kn ow n . S ig n ifica n t ch a n g es in the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s id le a r e s e c u r e d fr o m the p a r t ie s f o r u se in com p u tin g m a n d a y s o f id le n e s s . I d le n e s s a s P e r c e n t o f T o ta l W orkin g T im e T — In com p u tin g the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d in s t r ik e s a s a p e r c e n t o f to ta l e m p lo y m e n t and id le n e s s a s a p e r c e n t o f to ta l w o rk in g t im e , the fo llo w in g fig u r e s f o r to ta l e m p lo y m e n t h ave b e e n u sed : F r o m 1927 to 1950, a ll e m p lo y e e s w e r e cou n ted , e x c e p t th o se in o c c u p a tio n s and p r o f e s s io n s in w h ich lit t le , i f an y, union o r g a n iz a tio n e x is t e d o r in w h ich sto p p a g e s r a r e ly , if e v e r , o c cu rred . In m o s t in d u s tr ie s , a ll w age and s a la r y w o r k e r s w e r e in clu d e d e x ce p t th o se in e x e c u tiv e , m a n a g e r ia l, o r h igh s u p e r v is o r y p o s itio n s , o r th o s e p e r fo r m in g p r o fe s s io n a l w o r k the nature o f w h ich m a de union o r g a n iz a tio n o r g rou p a c tio n u n lik ely . The fig u r e e x c lu d e d a l l s e lf-e m p lo y e d p e r s o n s ; d o m e s t ic w o r k e r s ; w o r k e r s o n fa r m s e m p lo y in g f e w e r than s i x p e r s o n s ; a l l F e d e r a l and State g o v e r n m e n t e m p lo y e e s ; and o f f i c i a l s , both e le c t e d and a p p oin ted , in lo c a l g o v e r n m e n ts . B eg in n in g in 1951, the B u r e a u ’ s esti*** m a te s o f to ta l e m p lo y m e n t in n o n a g r ic u ltu r a l e s ta b lis h m e n ts, e x c lu s iv e o f g o v e r n m en t, h ave b e e n u s e d . Id le n e s s co m p u te d on the b a s is o f n o n a g r ic u ltu r a l e m p lo y m e n t (e x c lu s iv e o f g o v e r n m e n t) u su a lly d if f e r s b y le s s than o n e -te n th o f a p e r c e n ta g e poin t f r o m that o b ta in e d ,b y . the f o r m e r m e th o d , w h ile the p e r c e n ta g e o f w o r k e r s id le (c o m p a r e d w ith to ta l e m p lo y m e n t) d iffe r s b y abou t 0 .5 o f a p oin t. F o r e x a m p le , the p e r c e n ta g e o f w o r k e r s id le d u rin g 1950 c o m p u te d on the sa m e b a s e a s the fig u r e s f o r e a r lie r y e a r s w a s 6. 9, and the p e r c e n t o f id le n e s s w a s 0 .4 4 ; c o m p a r e d w ith 6.3 and 0.4 0, r e s p e c t iv e ly , c o m p u te d on the new b a s e . "E s t im a te d w o rk in g t i m e " is c o m puted b y m u ltip ly in g the a v e r a g e n u m b er o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d d u rin g the y e a r by the n u m ber o f d a y s t y p ic a lly w o r k e d by m o s t e m p lo y e e s . In the c o m p u ta tio n s, S a tu rd ay s (w hen c u s t o m a r ily not w o r k e d ), S undays, and e s t a b lis h e d h o lid a y s a s p r o v i d e d i n m o s t union c o n t r a c t s a r e e x c lu d e d . D u r a t io n .— A lth ou g h on ly w o rk d a y s a r e 13 M o re d e ta ile d in fo r m a tio n is a v a ila b le u sed in com p u tin g m a n -d a y s o f to ta l id le n e s s , in T e c h n iq u e s o f P r e p a r in g M a jo r B L S S ta tis d u ra tio n is e x p r e s s e d in t e r m s o f c a le n d a r t ic a l S e r ie s (BL*S B u ll. 1168), D e c e m b e r 1954, d a y s , in clu d in g n o n w o rk d a y s. p. 106. 36 State D a ta . —S top p a ges o c c u r r in g in m o r e than one State a r e lis t e d s e p a r a te ly in e a c h State a ffe c t e d . T h e w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s a r e a llo c a te d am on g e a c h o f the a f fe c t e d S ta tes. 14 The p r o c e d u r e s ou tlin ed a b o v e h ave a ls o b e e n u sed in p r e p a r in g e s tim a te s o f id le n e s s b y State. M e tr o p o lita n A r e a D a t a .— In fo rm a tio n is ta b u la ted s e p a r a te ly fo r the a r e a s that c u r re n tly c o m p r is e the lis t o f sta n d a rd m e t r o p o lita n a r e a s is s u e d b y the B u re a u o f the B u d g et in a d d ition to a few c o m m u n itie s h i s t o r ic a ll y in clu d e d in the strik e s e r ie s b e fo r e the stan d ard m e t r o p o lita n a r e a lis t w a s c o m p ile d . The a r e a s to w h ich the s trik e sta t i s t i c s a p p ly a r e th o se e s t a b lis h e d b y the B u re a u o f the B u d g et. In fo rm a tio n is p u b lis h e d on ly fo r th o se a r e a s in w h ich at le a s t fiv e s to p p a g e s w e r e r e c o r d e d d u rin g the y e a r . S om e m e t r o p o lita n a r e a s in clu d e c o u n tie s in m o r e than on e State, an d, h e n c e , s t a t is t ic s fo r an a r e a m a y o c c a s io n a lly eq u a l o r e x c e e d the to ta l fo r the State in w h ich the m a jo r c ity is lo c a t e d . U n ion s In v o lv e d . —In fo rm a tio n in clu d e s the u n io n (s ) d ir e c t ly p a rticip a tin g in the d is p u te , alth ou g h the coun t o f w o r k e r s in clu d e s a ll w ho a r e m a d e id le fo r one sh ift o r lo n g e r in e s ta b lis h m e n ts d ir e c t ly in v o lv e d in the d is p u te , in clu d in g m e m b e r s o f o th e r u nion s and n on union w o r k e r s . S o u r c e o f In fo rm a tio n O c c u r r e n c e o f S t r ik e s . — In fo r m a tio n a s to a c tu a l o r p r o b a b le e x is t e n c e o f w o r k s to p p a g e s is c o lle c t e d fr o m a n u m b er o f s o u r c e s . C lip p in g s on la b o r d is p u te s a r e ob ta in ed fr o m a c o m p r e h e n s iv e c o v e r a g e o f d a ily and w e e k ly n e w s p a p e r s th rou gh ou t the c o u n tr y . I n fo r m a tio n i s r e c e iv e d r e g u la r ly fr o m the F e d e r a l M e d ia tio n and C o n c ilia tio n S e r v ic e . O th er s o u r c e s o f in fo r m a tio n in clu d e State b o a r d s o f m e d ia tio n and a r b itr a tio n ; r e s e a r c h d iv i s io n s o f State la b o r d e p a rtm e n ts; l o c a l o f f i c e s o f State e m p lo y m e n t s e c u r it y a g e n c ie s , ch a n n e le d th rou g h the B u rea u o f E m p lo y m e n t S e c u r ity o f the U .S . D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r ; and tra d e and union jo u r n a ls . S om e e m p lo y e r a s s o c ia t io n s , c o m p a n ie s , and u nion s a ls o f u r n ish the B u re a u w ith w o r k stop p ag e in fo r m a tio n on a v olu n ta ry c o o p e r a t iv e b a s is e it h e r a s s to p p a g e s o c c u r o r p e r io d ic a lly . R e s p o n d e n ts to Q u e s tio n n a ir e . — A q u e s tio n n a ire is m a ile d to the p a r t ie s r e p o r t e d a s in v o lv e d in w o r k s to p p a g e s to o b ta in in fo r m a tion on the n u m ber o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d , du ra tio n , m a jo r is s u e s , lo c a t io n , m eth od o f se ttle m e n t, and o th e r p e rtin e n t in fo r m a tio n . L im ita tio n s o f D a ta . — A lth ou g h the B u rea u s e e k s to ob ta in c o m p le te c o v e r a g e , i. e . , a " c e n s u s " o f a ll s t r ik e s in v o lv in g s ix o r m o r e w o r k e r s and la s tin g a fu ll sh ift o r m o r e , in fo r m a tio n is u ndou btedly m is s in g on so m e o f the s m a lle r s t r ik e s . P r e s u m a b ly , a llo w a n ce fo r th e se m is s in g s t r ik e s w ou ld not su b sta n tia lly a ffe c t the fig u r e s fo r n u m b er o f w o r k e r s and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s . In it s e f fo r t s to im p r o v e the c o m p le t e n e s s o f the coun t o f sto p p a g e s , the B u rea u h as sou ght to d e v e lo p new s o u r c e s o f in f o r m a tion a s to the p r o b a b le e x is t e n c e o f su ch s to p p a g e s . O v e r the y e a r s , th e s e s o u r c e s have p r o b a b ly in c r e a s e d the n u m b er o f s t r ik e s r e c o r d e d , but h ave had lit tle e ffe c t on the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s o r to ta l id le n e s s . B eg in n in g in m i d - 1950, a new s o u r c e o f strik e " l e a d s " w a s ad d ed th rou g h a c o o p e r a tiv e a r r a n g e m e n t w ith the B u r e a u o f E m p lo y m e n t S e c u rity o f the U .S . D ep a rtm en t o f L a b o r by w h ich lo c a l o f f i c e s o f State e m p lo y m en t s e c u r it y a g e n c ie s su pply m on th ly r e p o r ts on w o rk s to p p a g e s c o m in g to th e ir a t te n tio n . It is e s tim a te d that th is in c r e a s e d the n u m ber o f s t r ik e s r e p o r t e d in 1950 b y about 5 p e r c e n t, and in 1951 and 1952, by a p p r o x im a te ly 10 p e r c e n t . S in ce m o s t o f th e s e sto p p a g e s w e r e s m a ll, th ey in c r e a s e d the n u m b er o f w o r k e r s in v o lv e d and m a n -d a y s o f id le n e s s b y l e s s than 2 p e r c e n t in 1950 and b y l e s s than 3 p e r c e n t in 1951 and 1952. T e s t s o f the e ffe c t o f th is a d ded s o u r c e o f in fo r m a tio n have not b e e n m a de s in c e 1952. A s new lo c a l a g e n c ie s h avin g k n ow led g e 14 The sa m e p r o c e d u r e is fo llo w e d in a l o f the e x is t e n c e o f w o r k sto p p a g e s a r e e s t a b lis h e d , o r ch a n g es a r e m a de in th e ir c o l l e c lo c a t in g data on s to p p a g e s o c c u r r in g in m o r e tio n m e th o d s , e v e r y e ffo r t is m a de to e s t a b than on e in d u str y , in d u stry g ro u p , o r m e t r o lis h c o o p e r a tiv e a r r a n g e m e n t s w ith th e m . p o lita n a r e a . ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 4959 0 - 516416
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