Manchester, Paul B. and Ninety-Eighth Congress, 1983-1985. Total Weeks of Unemployment: A New Measure of Labor Market Distress : A Staff Study Prepared for the Use of the Subcommittee on Economic Goals and Intergovernmental Policy of the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States , Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, June 20, 1983, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/901, accessed on February 12, 2026.