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Occupational Wage Survey BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SEPTEMBER Bulletin No. S7 1 2 2 4 -2 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary 1 9 BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clagua, Commisaonar Occupational Wage Survey BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS SEPTEMBER 1957 B u lle tin N o. 1 2 2 4 -2 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clagua, Commissioner December 195" For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D.C. - Price 25 cents Contents Preface Page The Community Wage Survey P rogram The Bureau of Labor Statistics regularly conducts areawide wage surveys in a number of important industrial centers. The studies, made from late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings and related supplementary benefits. A prelim inary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the month following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin summ arizing the results of all of the y e a r fs surveys is issued after completion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. Introduction _____________________________________________________________ Wage trends for selected occupational groups ____________________ 1 4 Tables: 1. 2. Establishments and workers within scope of survey _______ Indexes of standard weekly salaries and straight-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups, and percent of increase for selected periods ______________ A: Occupational earnings * A - 1: Office occupations ______________________________________ A -2 : P rofessional and technical occupations ________________ A -3 : Maintenance and powerplant occu pation s______________ A -4 : Custodial and m aterial-m ovem ent occu pation s_______ 5 8 9 10 Establishment practices and supplementary wage provisions * B - l : Shift differential provisions _____________________________ B -2 : Minimum entrance rates for women office w o rk ers__ B -3 : Scheduled weekly hours _________________________________ B -4 : Overtim e pay practices _________________________________ B -5 : Wage structure c h a r a c te r istic s ________________________ B -6 : Paid holidays _____________________________________________ B -7 : Paid vacations ____________________________________________ B -8 : Health, insurance, and pension plans _________________ 13 14 15 15 16 17 19 21 B: Appendix: Job descriptions ___________________________________________ * NOTE: Sim ilar tabulations for m ost of these items are availa ble in the Boston area reports for March 1951, April 1952, March 1953, M arch 1954, April 1955, and September 1956. P rior to the present report, data on wage structure charac te ristics, labor-m anagem ent agreem ents, and overtime pay pro visions were last shown in the 1954 summary report (BLS Bull. 115 7 -3 ). The 1955 report included data on frequency of wage payments, and pay provisions for holidays falling on non workdays not included in other reports. A directory indicating date of study and the price of the reports, as well as reports for other major a reas, is available upon request. Current reports on occupational earnings and supplementary wage practices in the Boston area are also available for fa b ri cated structural steel (March 1957); women’ s cem en t-process shoes - conventional-lasted (April 1957); women’ s and m is s e s ' coats and suits (February 1957); and a machinery industries report will be available in early 1958. Union sca le s, indica tive of prevailing pay le v e ls, are available for the following trades or industries: Building construction, printing, lo c a ltransit operating em ployees, and motortruck drivers and helpers. 2 4 22 Occupational W age Survey - Boston, Mass.* Introduction The Boston area is one of several important industrial cen ters in which the Department of Labor* s Bureau of Labor Statistics has conducted surveys of occupational earnings and related wage bene fits on an areawide b a sis. In each area, data are obtained by per sonal visits of Bureau field agents to representative establishments within six broad industry divisions: Manufacturing; transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities; whole sale trade; retail trade; finance, insurance, and real estate; and se r v ic e s. M ajor industry groups excluded from these studies, besides railroads, are government operations and the construction and ex tractive industries. Establishments having fewer than a prescribed number of workers are omitted also because they furnish insufficient employment in the occupations studied to warrant in clu sion .1 W her ever possible, separate tabulations are provided for each of the broad industry divisions. These surveys are conducted on a sample basis because of the unnecessary cost involved in surveying all establishm ents. To obtain appropriate accuracy at minimum cost, a greater proportion of large than of sm all establishments is studied. In combining the data, how ever, all establishments are given their appropriate weight. Estim ates based on the establishments studied are presented, therefore, as r e lating to all establishments in the industry grouping and area, ex cept for those below the minimum size studied. Occupations and Earnings The occupations selected for study are common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries. Occupational c la s sification is based on a uniform set of job descriptions designed to take account of interestablishment variation in duties within the same job (see appendix for listing of these descriptions). Earnings data are presented (in the A -s e r ie s tables) for the following *ypes of occupa tions: (a) Office clerica l; (b) professional and technical; (c) mainte nance and powerplant; and (d) custodial and m aterial movement. Occupational employment and earnings data are shown for fu ll-tim e w orkers, i. e. , those hired to work a regular weekly sched ule in the given occupational classification. Earnings data exclude premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. Nonproduction bonuses are excluded also, but c o s t-o fliving bonuses and incentive earnings are included. Where weekly hours are reported, as for office clerical occupations, reference is * This report was prepared in the Bureau's regional office in Boston, M a s s ., by Leo Epstein, under the direction of Paul V. Mulkern, Regional Wage and Industrial Relations Analyst. 1 See table on page 2 for m in im um -size establishment covered. to the work schedules (rounded to the nearest half hour) for which straight-tim e salaries are paid; average weekly earnings for these occupations have been rounded to the nearest half dollar. Occupational employment estimates represent the total in all establishments within the scope of the study and not the number actu ally surveyed. Because of differences in occupational structure among establishm ents, the estim ates of occupational employment obtained from the sample of establishments studied serve only'to indicate the relative importance of the jobs studied. These differences in occu pational structure do not m aterially affect the accuracy of the earn ings data. Establishment P ractices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Information is presented also (in the B -s e r ie s tables) on s e lected establishment practices and supplementary benefits as they r e late to office and plant w orkers. The term "office w o r k e r s ," as used in this bulletin, includes all office clerical employees and ex cludes administrative, executive, professional, and technical personnel. "P lant w o rk ers" include working foremen and all nonsupervisory work ers (including leadmen and trainees) engaged in nonoffice functions. Adm inistrative, executive, professional, and technical em ployees, and force-account construction employees who are utilized as a separate work force are excluded. Cafeteria workers and routemen are ex cluded in manufacturing industries, but are included as plant workers in n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g i n d u s t r i e s . Shift differential data (table B - l ) are lim ited to manufacturing industries. This information is presented both in term s of (a) estab lishment policy, 2 presented in term s of total plant worker employ ment, and (b) effective practice, presented on the basis of workers actually employed on the specified shift at the time of the survey. In establishments having varied differentials, the amount applying to a m ajority was used o r, if no amount applied to a m ajority, the c la s sification "o th e r " was used. In establishments in which some lateshift hours are paid at normal rates, a differential was recorded only if it applied to a m ajority of the shift hours. Minimum entrance rates (table B -2) relate only to the estab lishments visited. They are presented on an establishment, rather than on an employment b a sis. Overtime pay practices; paid holidays; paid vacations; and health, insurance, and pension plans are treated statistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office 2 An establishment was considered as having a policy if it met either of the following conditions: (l) Operated late shifts at the time of the survey, or (2) had form al provisions covering late shifts. 2 workers if a m ajority of such workers are eligible or may eventually qualify for the practices listed . Scheduled hours, wage structure ch aracteristics, and labor-m anagem ent agreements are treated sta tistically on the basis that these are applicable to all plant or office workers if a m ajority are c o v e r e d .3 Because of rounding, sums of individual items in these tabulations do not necessarily equal totals. The first part of the paid holidays table presents the num ber of whole and half holidays actually provided. The second part combines whole and half holidays to show total holiday tim e. The third section presents a list of the paid holidays and the proportions of workers to whom they are granted annually. The sum m ary of vacation plans is lim ited to form al arrange m en ts, excluding inform al plans whereby time off with pay is granted at the discretion of the em ployer. Separate estim ates are provided according to employer practice in computing vacation payments, such as time paym ents, percent of annual earnings, or fla t-su m amounts. However, in the tabulations of vacation allowances, payments not on a time basis were converted; for exam ple, a payment of 2 percent of annual earnings was considered as the equivalent of 1 week* s pay. Data are presented for all health, insurance, and pension plans for which at least a part of the cost is borne by the em ployer, excepting only legal requirements such as workmen1s compensation and social security. Such plans include those underwritten by a com m ercial insurance company and those provided through a union fund or paid directly by the employer out of current operating funds or from a fund set aside for this purpose. Death benefits are included as a form of life insurance. Sickness and accident insurance is lim ited to that type of in surance under which predetermined cash payments are made directly to the insured on a weekly or monthly basis during illness or accident disability. Information is presented for all such plans to which the em ployer contributes. However, in New York and New Jersey, which have enacted temporary disability insurance laws which require em ployer contributions,4 plans are included only if the employer (l) con tributes more than is legally required, or (2) provides the employee with benefits which exceed the requirements of the law. Tabulations of paid sick-leave plans are lim ited to form al plan s5 which provide full pay or a proportion of the w orker's pay during absence from work because of illn e ss. Separate tabulations are provided according to (l) plans which provide full pay and no waiting period, and (2) plans providing either partial pay or a waiting period. In addition to the presentation of the proportions of workers who are provided sickness and accident insurance or paid sick leave, an unduplicated total is shown of workers who receive either or both types of benefits. 4 The temporary disability laws in California and Rhode Island do not require employer contributions. 5 An establishment was considered as having a form al plan if 3 Scheduled weekly hours for office workers (first section of it established at least the minimum number of days of sick leave that could be expected by each em ployee. Such a plan need not be written, table B -3 ) were presented in earlier years in term s of the propor but informal sick leave allowances, determined on an individual b a sis, tion of women office workers employed in offices with the indicated were excluded. weekly hours for women w orkers. Table 1; E stablishm ents and w ork ers within scope ol survey and number studied in B oston, M a s s ., 1 by m ajor industry division, September 1957 Industry division A ll d ivisions ____ __________________ M an u factu rin g_________ _________ _ _ _ Nonmanufacturing Transportation (excluding r ailroad s), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s4 _________________________________ W holesale trade ... _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Retail trade __ _ _ . ... _ Finance, insurance, and real estate S ervices 6 .... _ ______ 1 M inimum em ployment in estab lish ments in scope of study 101 - 101 51 101 51 51 Number of establishm ents Within scope of study 2 W orkers in establishm ents Within scope of study T o t a l3 Office 1, 233 249 41 4, 700 86, 300 458 775 84 165 212, 100 202, 600 26, 600 51 213 132 177 02 21 42 33 34 35 3 3 ,8 0 0 25, 100 67, 700 4 7 ,3 0 0 28, 700 , 600 7 ,9 0 0 7 ,5 0 0 32, 500 5 ,2 0 0 2 Studied Studied 59, 700 Plant Total 3 2 4 9 .2 0 0 2 1 9 ,4 8 0 1 4 9 ,1 0 0 , 100 1 0 4 ,2 9 0 115, 190 2 0 ,7 0 0 9 ,2 0 0 5 4 ,4 0 0 1 ,3 0 0 14, 500 2 7 ,7 8 0 7, 630 41 , 810 2 7 ,6 3 0 10, 340 100 6 5 The Boston M etropolitan A rea (Suffolk County, 14 com m unities in E sse x County, 28 in M id d lesex County, 17 in Norfolk County, and 2 in Plymouth County).The "w o r k e r s within scope of study" estim ates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and com position of the labor force included in this su rvey. The estim ates are not intended, how ever, to serve as a b a sis of com parison with other area em ploym ent indexes to m easure em ployment trends or le v els since ( l) planning of wage surveys req u ires the use of establishm ent data com piled considerably in ad vance of the pay period studied, and (2) sm all establish m en ts are excluded from the scope of the survey. Includes all estab lish m en ts with total em ployment at or above the m in im u m -siz e lim itation. A ll outlets (within the area) of com panies in such industries as trade, finance, auto repair s e r v ic e , and m otion -picture theaters are considered as 1 establish m en t. Includes executive, techn ical, p r ofession al, and other w ork ers excluded from the separate office and plant cate g o ries. A lso excludes taxicab s, and se r v ic e s incidental to w ater transportation. Boston«s transit system is m unicipally operated and, th e re fore, excluded by definition fro m the scope of the stu d ies. E stim ate relates to real estate establishm ents only. H otels; personal se r v ic e s; b u sin ess se r v ic e s; autom obile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television ; motion p ictures; nonprofit m em bersh ip organizations; and engineering and architectural s e r v ic e s . 2 3 4 5 6 3 Catastrophe insurance, som etim es referred to as extended medical insurance, includes those plans which are designed to protect employees in case of sickness and injury involving expenses beyond the normal coverage of hospitalization, medical, and surgical plans. Medical insurance refers to plans providing for complete or partial payment of doctors1 fe e s. Such plans m aybe underwritten by com m er cial insurance companies or nonprofit organizations or they may be self-in su red . Tabulations of retirem ent pension plans are lim ited to those plans that provide monthly payments for the remainder of the w o rk er's life. With reference to wage structure ch aracteristics, proportions of time and incentive workers directly reflect employment under each pay system . However, because of technical considerations, all tim e rated workers (plant or office) in an establishment were classified to the predominant type of rate structure applying to these w orkers. Incentive-worker employment was classified according to the pre dominant type of incentive plan in each establishment. Graduated provisions for premium overtime pay were c la s s i fied to the first effective premium rate. For exam ple, a plan calling for time and one-half after 8 and double time after 10 hours a day was tabulated as time and one-half after 8 hours. Sim ilarly, a plan calling for no pay or pay at regular rate after 'll1 /* hours (regular weekly schedule) and time and one-half after 40 was considered as time and one-half after 40 hours. 4 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups The table below presen ts indexes of sa la ries of o ffice c le r ic a l w ork ers and industrial n u rs e s, and of average earnings of selected plant w ork er groups. F or office c le r ic a l w ork ers and industrial n u rses, the indexes relate to average w eekly sa la ries fo r n orm al hours o f w ork , that is , the standard w ork schedule fo r which stra igh t-tim e sa la ries are paid. F or plant w orker groups, they m easu re changes in stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings, excluding prem ium pay fo r overtim e and fo r w ork on w eek ends, h olidays, and late sh ifts. The indexes are based on data fo r selected key occupations and include m ost of the n u m erica lly im portant jobs within each group. The o ffice c le r ic a l data are based on wom en in the follow ing 18 jo b s : B ille r s , m achine (billing m a chine); bookkeeping-m achine o p e ra to rs, cla ss A and B; C om ptom eter op era tors; c le r k s , file , cla ss A and B; c le r k s , o rd e r; c le r k s , pay^ ro ll; key-punch op e ra to rs; o ffice g irls ; se c r e ta r ie s ; sten ogra p h ers, general; sw itchboard op era tors; sw itchboard o p e r a to r-re ce p tio n ists ; tabula ting-m achine op e ra to rs; tra n scrib in g-m a ch in e o p e ra to rs, gen era l; and typists, cla ss A and B. The industrial nurse data are based on wom en industrial n u rses. Men in the follow ing 10 sk illed m ainte nance jobs and 3 unskilled jobs w ere included in the plant w ork er data: Skilled— carpen ters; e le ctricia n s ; m ach in ists; m ech a n ics; m e ch anics, autom otive; m illw righ ts; pain ters; p ip efitters; sh eet-m eta l w ork ers; and tool and die m a k ers; u nskilled — ja n ito rs, p o r te r s , and clea n ers; la b o r e r s , m a teria l handling; and watchm en. A verage w eekly sa la ries o r average hourly earnings w ere computed fo r each of the selected occu pation s. The average sa la ries o r hourly earnings w ere then m ultiplied by the average of 1953 and 1954 em ploym ent in the jo b . These weighted earnings fo r individual Table 2: occupations w ere then totaled to obtain an aggregate fo r each occu p a tional group. F in ally, the ratio of these group aggregates fo r a given year to the aggregate fo r the base p eriod (su rvey month, w inter 1952-53) was com puted and the resu lt m ultiplied by the base year index (100) to get the index fo r the given yea r. The indexes m ea su re, p rin cip a lly , the effects of (l ) general sa la ry and wage changes; (2) m e rit o r other in crea ses in pay re ce iv e d by individual w ork ers w hile in the sam e job ; and (3) changes in the labor fo r c e such as la bor tu rn over, fo r c e expansions, fo r c e re d u c tions, and changes in the p rop ortion of w ork ers em ployed by estab lishm ents with differen t pay le v e ls . Changes in the labor fo r c e can cause in cre a se s o r d ecre a se s in the occupational averages without actual wage changes. F o r exam ple, a fo r c e expansion m ight in crea se the p rop ortion o f low er paid w ork ers in a s p e cific occupation and r e sult in a drop in the a v era g e, w hereas a reduction in the p rop ortion of low er paid w ork ers would have the opposite e ffe ct. The m ovem ent of a high-paying establishm ent out of an area could cause the average earnings to d rop, even though no change in rates o ccu rre d in other area establishm ents. The use of constant em ploym ent weights elim inates the effects of changes in the p rop ortion Of w ork ers rep resen ted in each job in cluded in the data. N or are the indexes influenced by changes in standard w ork schedules or in prem ium pay fo r o v e rtim e , sin ce they a re based on pay fo r straigh t-tim e h ou rs. Indexes fo r the p eriod 1953 to 1957 fo r w ork ers in 14 m a jor labor m arkets appeared in BLS Bull. 1202, Wages and Related B enefits, 17 L abor M arkets, 1956-57. Indexes of standard w eekly sa la r ie s and stra igh t-tim e hourly earnings for selected occupational groups in B oston, M a s s ., September 1957 and September 1956, and percent of in crease for selected periods Indexe s (M arch 1953 = 100) Industry and occupational group P ercent in crea ses from — September 1956 to September 1957 A p ril 1955 to September 1956 M arch 1954 to A p ril 1955 M arch 1953 to M arch 1954 A p ril 1952 to M arch 1953 September 1957 September 1956 A ll industries: Office c le r ic a l (women) Industrial n urses (women) ____________ ______ Skilled maintenance (men) _ _ Unskilled plant ( m e n ) _________________________ 1 2 3 .8 1 2 3 .4 12 2.5 119.7 1 1 7 .0 11 7 .7 1 1 6 .4 1 1 4 .4 5 .7 4. 8 5 .2 4 .7 .0 9 .0 .5 .3 8 8 6 2 .9 1. 5 1 .9 2 .4 5 .2 .5 5. 3 5. 1 4. 3 4 .2 4 .9 4 .2 Manufacturing: Office c le r ic a l (women) Industrial nurses (women) Skilled maintenance (men) U nskilled plant (men) _ ................. 121.6 1 2 2 .4 12 3 .5 11 9 .4 11 4 .6 1 1 7 .6 117. 1 1 1 4 .2 6 ... . _ . . 1 4. 1 5 .4 4 .6 7 .3 8 .9 8 .9 5. 0 2 .3 .7 1 .9 3. 1 4 .4 7 .2 5. 6 5. 5 5. 5 4 .2 4 .7 3 .5 _ 6 A O ccu p a tio n a l Earnings 5 Table A -l: O ffice O ccu p a tion s (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b a sis in B oston, M a s s ., by industry division, September 1957) Average Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ $ Weekly. Weekly . 30. 00 35. 00 hours earnings 1 and (Standard) (Standard) under 35. 00 4 0 . 00 $ 40 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 50. 00 $ 55. 00 $ 60. 00 $ 65 . 00 $ 70. 00 $ 7 5 .0 0 $ 80 . 00 $ $ $ $ 85 . 00 9 0 . 00 95 .0 0 100.00 $ 105.00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60 . 00 65. 00 7 0 .0 0 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90 . 00 110.00 115.00 48 3 45 24 11 59 4 55 4 16 23 40 1 39 _ 18 11 83 22 61 6 22 22 43 10 33 _ 19 9 28 14 14 4 6 - 42 17 25 16 4 - 25 10 15 4 11 - 41 40 1 _ 9 5 . 00 100.00 105.00 $ 110.00 $ 115.00 and over Men C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A ___ Manufacturing -------------------------N on m anufacturing_____________ Public u tilities t ___________ W h olesale t r a d e -----------------Finance tt ______________ 469 132 337 38 145 84 38. 0 38. 5 38. 0 3 7 .0 3 9 .5 3 7 .0 $ 83. 50 91 . 50 80. 00 9 0 . 50 83. 50 7 1 .0 0 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B ____ Manufacturing _________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________ W h olesale t r a d e -----------------Finance tt ______________ 402 86 316 132 82 3 8 .0 37. 5 3 8 .0 39. 0 37. 5 62. 00 6 3 .0 0 6 1 .5 0 69. 50 54. 00 518 74 444 426 39. 5 38. 5 39. 5 3 9 .5 8 0 .0 0 79. 50 80. 00 80. 50 C le r k s, ord er -------------------------------Manufacturing _________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________ W holesale t r a d e ____________ - C le r k s, payroll ___________________ - - 9 9 _ 8 - 15 8 7 _ 3 - 5 45 7 38 22 _ _ - 87 16 71 8 31 68 14 54 26 20 76 8 68 52 5 36 7 29 7 1 38 15 23 15 2 20 16 4 1 - 6 2 4 3 - 4 _ 4 4 - 2 1 1 1 - . _ _ . - 6 _ 6 6 - 2 _ 2 2 - - 7 _ 7 7 - 2 2 - 24 2 22 20 51 9 42 38 50 17 33 32 72 11 61 61 71 7 64 60 69 3 66 62 38 8 30 30 52 1 51 51 41 4 37 37 17 4 13 13 5 4 1 1 7 7 7 2 5 2 8 6 4 15 1 29 1 18 4 14 14 _ 2 6 357 78 279 16 33 110 109 308 103 205 36 35 101 28 87 18 69 4 10 35 12 39 21 18 _ 2 6 7 18 7 11 _ 6 2 2 12 2 10 _ 2 8 13 3 10 10 - _ _ - _ _ - 11 1 10 _ 10 - _ _ _ - _ - _ - _ - _ . - - - - - - - - - - 3 _ 3 ■ 8 _ 8 6 37 3 34 30 54 18 36 26 60 35 25 14 50 34 16 9 118 85 33 18 61 23 38 5 53 35 18 6 25 15 10 4 2 2 ■ 5 2 3 ■ 3 3 - _ - 3 3 ■ 23 2 21 14 ~ “ 23 12 11 11 50 30 20 11 93 39 54 15 49 38 11 11 23 6 17 16 23 18 5 5 2 1 1 1 29 _ 29 29 15 15 15 5 5 5 _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ - 14 7 7 _ 2 1 _ _ 81 38. 5 83. 50 859 240 619 56 108 264 159 3 8 .0 38. 5 3 8 .0 39. 0 39. 0 3 7. 0 3 9 .5 47. 47 . 47. 45 . 53. 47 . 44 . Tabulating-m achine o p e r a t o r s __ Manufacturing _________________ Nonmanufacturing _____________ Finance t t __________________ 507 257 2 50 128 38. 39. 3 7. 3 7. 5 0 5 0 7 1 .0 0 72. 00 69. 50 65. 00 _ _ B ille r s , machine (billing m a c h in e )______ Manufacturing __________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________ W holesale trade _____________________ 323 145 178 119 38. 38. 38. 39. 0 0 5 0 6 1 .5 0 59. 00 64. 00 69. 50 . - B ille r s , machine (bookkeeping machine) Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------Retail trade ------------------------------------- 331. 288 215 38. 0 38. 0 38. 0 52. 00 50. 00 49 . 00 50 50 50 00 00 00 50 - - Office boys ____________ Manufacturing _____ Nonmanufacturing . Public u tilitie st W holesale trade Finance t t ______ S e r v i c e s ________ - 1 1 - - - 5 _ 1 1 _ - 13 2 11 _ 6 _ _ 22 1 21 4 16 - ' - Women Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss A Manufacturing ____________________________ Nonmanufacturing — .---------------------Finance tt ------------------------------- . 33 7 107 230 157 3 8 .0 38. 5 3 7. 5 36. 5 63. 70. 60. 59. Bookkeeping-m achine op erators, c la ss B Manufacturing ____________________________ Nonmanufacturing _______________________ W holesale t r a d e _______________________ Retail trade ___________________________ Finance tt ______________________ .. 1.6 41 395 1 ,2 4 6 316 242 656 38. 0 39. 0 3 8 .0 39. 0 38. 5 37. 0 55. 50 6 1 .0 0 5 4 .0 0 62. 50 5 2 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 00 00 00 00 - - 11 1 10 - _ _ 37 37 37 96 96 72 85 85 72 66 51 21 15 15 11 10 2 " 20 . _ _ - - - - 2 2 2 - - " - _ _ _ _ - 83 15 68 60 72 7 65 47 64 15 49 23 14 12 2 2 7 7 _ - 32 4 28 17 54 44 10 - 9 1 8 8 - - 173 _ 173 - - 301 26 275 12 53 199 297 48 249 48 16 184 331 74 257 78 50 122 2 82 115 167 66 57 43 146 78 68 57 5 5 58 41 17 15 1 17 10 7 7 " ' See footnote at end of table. Transportation (excluding r ailroad s), com m unication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. t _ _ - 60 103 - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - ' “ ■ " * ” 2 2 - - - . - - . - . - - - " 14 3 11 11 20 20 20 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - 1 1 1 - _ - _ - _ - Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, M a s s ., September 1957 U. S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 6 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A verage straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Boston, M a s s . , by industry division, September 1957) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— $ Weekly 30. 00 earnings1 and (Standard) (Standard) under 35. 00 Weeklyj $ 35. 00 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 $ 50. 00 $ 55. 00 $ $ 60. 00 65. 00 $ $ 70. 00 75. 00 4 0 . 00 4 5 . 00 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 215 67 148 5 19 27 96 1 29 7 114 183 15 27 52 77 12 134 10 21 33 63 7 124 34 90 10 3 5 34 38 75 39 36 > 17 2 4 13 80. 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 85. 00 9 0 .0 0 95. 00 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 and 85. 00 90. 00 95 . 00 100. 00 105.00 110.00 115.00 $ 80. 00 Women - Continued C le r k s, accounting, c la ss A Manufacturing ___________________________ ____________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public u tilit ie s ! ____________________________________ W holesale t r a d e _____________________________________ Retail trade __________________________________________ F in a n c e tt ____________________________________________ S ervices ______________________________________________ 1 ,3 3 3 501 832 47 120 163 396 106 3 8 .0 3 9 .0 37. 5 3 9 .0 38. 0 37. 5 3 7. 0 36. 5 68. 50 70. 50 67. 50 7 1 .0 0 75. 50 6 4 .0 0 65. 00 71. 50 C le r k s, accounting, c la ss B ______________ ________________ Manufacturing __________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public utilities t ____________________________________ W holesale trade _____________________________________ Retail trade __________________________________________ F in a n c e tt ____________________________________________ S ervices ______________________________________________ 2. 088 465 1 ,6 2 3 241 249 385 599 149 38. 0 38. 5 38. 0 39. 0 3 9 .0 38. 0 37. 0 38. 0 56. 50 60. 50 55. 50 62. 00 59. 00 51. 50 5 2 .0 0 60. 00 C le r k s, file , c la ss A ______________________________________ Manufacturing ______________________________ _____ _______ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Finance 1 1 --------------------- .—=•----------------- t------- - ------------- 423 141 282 214 38. 39. 38. 37. 0 0 0 5 58. 59. 58. 55. 50 50 00 00 C le r k s, file , c la ss B ______________________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________ Public utilities t ____________________________________ W holesale trade _____________________________________ Retail trade __ _____________________________________ Finance t t ____________________________________________ S ervices _ ____________________________________________ 2. 090 333 1, 757 60 201 168 1, 169 159 38. 5 39. 0 38. 0 3 9 .5 38. 5 38. 5 38. 0 38. 5 47. 50. 46 . 48 . 49 . 44. 45 . 48. 00 50 00 50 50 50 50 50 C le r k s, order ________________ ____ ______________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ W h olesale t r a d e _____________________________________ Retail trade __________________________________________ 54 7 2 64 283 153 105 39. 39. 39. 39. 38. 0 0 0 5 5 58. 58. 58. 63. 48. 50 50 00 50 00 C le r k s, payroll ______________________________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public utilities t ____________________________________ W holesale trade _____________________________________ R etail trade _________________________________________ F in a n c e !! ____________________________________________ S ervices ______________________________________________ 977 542 435 84 52 134 64 101 39. 39. 38. 38. 39. 38. 3 7. 38. 0 5 0 0 0 0 5 5 63. 00 62. 00 63. 50 66. 00 74. 50 57. 50 6 0 .5 0 65. 50 C om ptom eter op erators ----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________________________ _ W h olesale t r a d e _____________________________________ R etail trade __________________________________________ Finance t t ____________________________________________ 1 .1 9 6 265 931 237 534 102 38. 5 3 9 .0 38. 0 39. 0 38. 0 37. 5 57. 50 63. 50 56. 00 6 1 .5 0 5 4 .0 0 5 1 .5 0 . _ _ _ _ - _ _ - - - 19 3 16 2 8 6 - 201 77 124 4 3 24 75 18 5 _ 5 _ 5 - 127 11 116 4 5 58 42 7 431 59 3 72 49 18 97 196 12 498 98 400 23 71 85 182 39 376 88 288 15 38 80 120 35 2 70 56 214 48 62 49 49 6 148 72 76 23 19 5 9 20 75 22 53 26 18 1 1 7 104 25 79 53 11 1 _ 14 28 20 8 2 4 2 18 13 5 4 _ _ 1 1 6 16 16 15 68 10 58 57 94 37 57 52 103 34 69 53 57 38 19 12 31 7 24 13 11 2 9 3 22 7 15 2 13 5 8 7 1 1 - 5 5 ~ “ 2 2 “ 49 _ _ 21 28 - 824 83 741 20 42 58 587 34 719 111 608 24 51 36 435 62 289 51 238 6 75 19 83 55 106 33 73 3 23 7 34 6 53 37 16 6 5 4 1 - 16 11 5 1 2 _ 2 12 6 6 1 3 1 1 ~ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - - - 2 2 _ 2 30 2 28 28 73 25 48 8 40 110 63 47 32 15 132 63 69 39 18 73 28 45 37 2 57 51 6 6 39 32 7 6 _ - _ - . - _ - _ . - . - - - - - * - - - - - 1 10 3 7 - 49 29 20 _ _ 12 8 - 156 87 69 18 4 36 10 1 218 142 76 15 6 15 12 28 175 86 89 4 7 30 21 27 123 61 62 10 4 27 4 17 118 63 55 19 17 3 3 13 60 43 17 6 3 1 2 5 25 14 11 4 10 6 4 1 3 1 2 4 1 3 4 1 3 - 1 - - - - - - 20 5 15 7 2 _ - _ 2 3 _ 3 - 2 3 2 _1 1 5 - - - - 3 - - 135 3 132 6 83 36 278 38 240 56 140 30 265 45 220 69 129 12 229 80 149 45 83 11 131 64 67 20 28 3 40 11 29 16 13 13 5 8 4 3 15 5 10 10 - 13 7 6 6 - 10 7 3 3 - - - _ _ - - - - " “ 20 20 20 _ _ _ _ _ 49 1 _ 1 2 2 2 - 7 . - - - 2 6 57 2 2 6 57 47 10 See footnote at end of table. t Transportation (excluding r ailroad s), com m unication, and other public utilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. . _ - 6 86 27 59 3 10 46 196 62 57 42 15 2 12 _ _ 1 10 ------- ~ T 7 _ _ 1 6 8 1 7 - 26 26 20 5 5 5 3 3 1 _ 27 20 7 _ 5 _ _ 2 3 1 2 _ 2 . _ - - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - _ _ - _ - _ - _ _ - “ ” _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 _ - _ _ _ 15 12 3 _ 3 _ _ 3 _ 3 3 _ _ - _ _ _ _ 1 _ - - - - - - 2 - - - 2 2 - - - 7 Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in B oston, M a s s ., by industry division, September 1957) Average Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Weekly, Weekly . hours 1 earnings (Standard) (Standard) $ 30. 90 under 35. 00 $ 35. 00 “ 40 . 00 “ 4 5 . 00 $ 45. 00 _ 50. 00 $ 4 0 . 00 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 50. 00 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90 . 00 95. 00 100.00 _ _ ~ ■ “ “ “ 55. 00 60. 00 65. 00 •70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95. 00 1 0 0 .0 0 105.00 $ $ $ 105.00 110.00 115.00 and “ 110.00 115.00 over W omen - Continued Duplicating-m achine operators (m im eograph or ditto) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------------------ 125 83 3 8 .5 38. 5 $ 53. 50 5 3 .0 0 Key-punch operators ----------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------Public utilities f ---------------------------------------------------------W holesale trade --------------------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------------------Finance f f --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 .2 81 505 776 92 102 111 433 3 8 .5 39. 0 3 8 .0 39. 5 3 9 .0 3 8 .0 37. 5 57. 50 59. 50 5 6 .0 0 62. 00 63. 50 53. 00 53. 50 Office g i r l s ----------------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------R etail trade --------------------------------------------------------------Finance f f ------------------------------------------------------------------ 522 102 420 57 295 38. 0 3 9 .0 3 7. 5 38. 5 3 7. 0 47 . 50 56. 00 45. 00 4 4 .0 0 45 . 50 Secretaries --------------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------Public utilities f -------------------------------------------------------W h olesale trade -------------------------------------------------------Retail trade ----------------------------------------------------------------Finance f f ------------------------------------------------------------------Services ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5 .0 0 2 1, 702 3, 300 265 510 294 1 ,4 5 3 778 37. 38. 37. 38. 39. 37. 37. 37. 5 5 5 5 0 5 0 0 71. 74. 70. 85. 74. 69. 68. 66. Stenographers, general -----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------Public utilities f ------------------------------------------------------W holesale trade -------------------------------------------------------R etail trade --------------------------------------------------------------Finance f f ------------------------------------------------------------------Services --------------------------------------------------------------- ;------ 3 .4 3 0 1, 311 2 ,1 1 9 189 492 234 935 269 38. 39. 37. 38. 38. 37. 3 7. 37. 0 0 5 5 5 5 0 0 6 1 .5 0 64. 00 59. 50 64. 50 67. 50 55. 50 57. 00 55. 50 396 180 216 67 145 38. 3 7. 38. 38. 38. 0 5 0 5 0 64. 64. 64. 58. 66. 00 00 50 50 50 - " - Switchboard operators -------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------Public utilities f ------------------------------------------------------W holesale trade -------------------------------------------------------Retail t r a d e ----------------------------------------------------------------Finance f f ---------------------------------------------------------- ------ — Services ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 731 138 593 52 81 109 203 148 38. 5 39. 0 38. 5 3 9 .5 38. 5 38. 0 37. 5 39. 0 58. 66. 56. 67. 63. 55. 57. 49. 50 50 50 00 50 00 00 00 2 _ 2 _ 2 - 6 _ 6 _ - - Switchboard op erator-recep tion ists -------------------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------W holesale trade --------------------------------------------------------Retail trade ----------------------------------------------------------------Finance f f -----------------------------------------------------------------Services ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 881 399 482 164 84 80 133 38. 38. 37. 39. 37. 36. 37. 58. 50 6 1 .0 0 57. 00 62. 50 50. 50 56. 50 54. 50 _ _ _ - 36 . 36 _ 10 _ 26 Stenographers, technical --------------------------------------------------M a n u factu rin g-----------------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------------------Finance f f -------------------------------------------- ------------------ — Services ---------------------- ----------------------------------------------- _ 0 5 5 0 5 0 0 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 00 . . “ 27 23 19 9 28 14 14 13 25 16 10 8 1 - 1 “ - - 1 _ 1 1 - 45 45 1 3 41 196 72 124 18 _ 19 87 319 82 237 11 41 51 130 271 113 158 8 11 23 102 181 94 87 14 10 3 50 166 106 60 19 184 184 19 155 196 33 163 11 104 64 13 51 13 33 16 15 1 1 41 40 1 _ - 1 1 _ - 49 20 29 6 13 _ 10 _ _ - 35 12 23 19 4 « _ _ - 8 4 4 _ 4 _ _ . - 15 15 _ 2 13 - 57 57 5 4 28 20 284 52 232 _ 17 19 94 102 569 144 42 5 8 51 25 204 137 785 206 579 15 108 52 282 122 725 192 533 6 76 58 237 156 647 268 3 79 35 43 42 169 90 669 301 368 40 6l 38 162 67 51 4 47 _ 7 39 1 2 70 68 202 11 23 22 120 26 5 79 133 446 22 51 48 207 118 645 198 44 7 36 75 64 227 45 623 201 422 27 78 66 196 55 468 231 237 30 92 12 91 12 536 412 124 36 32 1 45 10 1 1 - 4 3 1 1 - 48 18 30 27 3 82 46 36 20 16 96 56 40 5 35 85 15 70 7 61 32 _ 32 . . 10 22 129 3 126 1 13 22 90 132 10 122 4 21 22 54 21 125 27 98 1 13 17 65 2 114 28 86 11 22 15 32 6 21 21 10 11 « 34 6 28 _ 15 13 ■ 130 42 88 30 15 15 16 246 108 138 27 17 37 51 217 139 78 30 10 7 28 _ 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - ~ See footnote at end of table. | Transportation (excluding r ailroad s), communication, and other public u tilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 19 13 2 _ _ _ _ 10 10 10 _ - 6 _ ■ - - - - - 5 2 3 3 _ _ - 1 1 1 _ _ - 3 _ 3 3 _ _ _ - 1 . 1 1 _ _ - 489 241 248 50 29 27 120 22 251 109 142 25 21 9 74 13 196 114 82 11 17 5 33 16 115 29 86 16 29 6 27 8 108 39 69 18 43 4 2 2 71 17 54 7 39 _ 8 - 25 1 24 2 22 - 35 6 29 29 - 6 6 6 - 2 1 1 1 - 29 19 10 2 8 22 9 13 4 8 10 5 5 1 4 13 4 9 8 3 2 1 1 2 2 - 1 i - 1 1 1 _ - - i 83 19 64 21 1 16 24 2 45 19 26 6 4 5 6 5 49 24 25 9 13 3 _ 5 4 1 4 4 _ _ 4 4 4 _ - i - - - - 114 70 44 25 6 7 6 41 22 19 14 _ 1 4 14 8 6 6 _ 14 2 12 12 _ _ 11 11 9 _ 2 16 10 11 13 - 1 - _ ■ _ _ _ . - - - - _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - no 31 79 27 19 3 9 21 59 7 52 29 21 1 1 21 4 17 2 8 3 1 3 _ . - - 10 4 6 1 5 _ _ - - _ - _ - _ - i - - _ l _ - - _ _ _ _ - " - - - - _ - 2 2 - i l l _ - . - _ _ - - - - - - - - _ _ - “ _ " - _ - _ . - - - 8 Table A-l: Office Occupations - Continued (A verage straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in B oston, M a s s ., by industry division, September 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF— Average Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division $ Weekly , 30. 00 earnings and (Standard) (Standard) under 35. 00 Weekly Women - Continued Tabulating-m achine operators ___________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Finance 11 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 390 97 293 183 3 8 .0 3 9 .5 37. 5 37. 0 $ 62. 50 7 1 .0 0 59. 50 6 1 .0 0 T ran scrib in g-m achin e op erators, g e n e r a l_____________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ___________________________________ _ W holesale t r a d e _______ *____________________________ Finance t t __________________________ _________________ 969 335 634 81 387 38. 0 3 9 .0 3 7 .5 3 9 .0 37. 5 5 8 .5 0 63. 50 5 6 .0 0 6 3 .0 0 5 4 .0 0 T yp ists, cla ss A ___________________________________________ Manufacturing ________________________________________ _ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ W holesale t r a d e _____________________________________ F in a n c e tt ___________________________________________ S ervices ______________________________________________ 1 .0 9 7 565 532 60 287 142 38. 5 39. 0 3 7. 5 38. 5 3 7 .0 38. 5 58. 50 5 7 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 72. 00 57. 00 6 1 .5 0 T yp ists, c la ss B ___________________________________________ Manufacturing ___________________________________________ Nonmanufacturing ______________________________________ Public u tilitie st __ ________________________________ W holesale trade _____________________________________ Retail trade __________________________________________ Finance t t ___________________________________________ S e r v i c e s ______________________________________________ 4 .0 5 4 974 3 ,0 8 0 149 376 240 1 ,9 4 9 366 38. 0 39. 0 37. 5 38. 5 39. 0 38. 5 37. 0 3 9 .5 5 1 .0 0 5 4 .0 0 50. 00 50. 50 55. 00 4 9 .0 0 4 9 . 50 48. 50 $ 35. 00 $ 4 0 . 00 $ 4 5 . 00 4 0 . 0Q 4 5 . 00 50. 00 $ 50. 00 $ 65. 00 $ 70. 00 $ 75. 00 $ 80. 00 $ 85. 00 $ 90 . 00 60. on 65 . 00 70- 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 9 0 . 00 95. 00 100. 00 105. 00 110.00 115.00 62 . 62 15 60 8 52 40 59 10 49 32 46 3 43 32 54 18 36 31 47 23 24 19 36 20 16 13 12 6 6 1 9 7 2 . _ _ _ - . _ _ _ _ _ _ - 27 _ 27 _ 27 111 11 100 4 74 228 45 183 22 108 269 92 177 6 121 138 55 83 20 48 64 38 26 15 9 43 32 11 1 - 43 29 14 5 - 26 20 6 1 - 19 18 1 _ _ 1 191 137 54 _ 36 4 228 111 117 5 93 15 211 79 132 8 79 37 183 95 88 7 33 44 152 95 57 11 17 27 60 20 40 1 26 7 23 6 17 9 2 2 13 2 11 8 1 2 11 2 9 6 2 2 . 2 22 3 19 643 82 561 2 _ 2 _ _ _ _ _ - 25 2 1 4 10 9 8 2 242 88 154 15 30 4 96 9 139 89 50 11 2 535 140 395 17 106 38 213 21 21 11 10 _ _ 952 278 674 10 141 39 412 72 80 48 32 _ _ 1416 235 1181 96 42 72 814 157 1 1 - - - - _ 21 69 385 86 $ $ $ 105.00 110.00 115.00 $ 60. 00 1 . 1 - . - $ $ 95 . 00 1 0 0 .0 0 $ 55. 00 4 20 15 - 2 2 - _ - - ' - 15 13 2 2 - 4 4 4 - j 1 1 - 2 2 2 _ . _ _ . - - * - 2 . 2 _ - and over . • - - 4 4 3 1 _ . . _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ . . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ - _ _ - _ _ - " - - - - 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e sa la rie s and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours, t Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities, f f Finance, insurance, and real estate. Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations (A verage stra igh t-tim e weekly hours and earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Boston, M a s s ., by industry division, September 1957) Average Men D raftsm en , leader Manufacturing D raftsm en , senior Manufacturing Nonmanufacturing Services .... . _ ..... _ ..... ..... D raftsm en , junior _ ... Manufacturing _________________________ Nonmanufacturing ........ S ervices -----------------------------------------Tracers ______ _____ _ 420 132 NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF- 2 .4 0 0 1 ,3 3 8 1 ,0 6 2 976 40 . 0 4 0 .0 40 . 0 40 . 0 107. 00 1 0 4 .5 0 1 1 0 .5 0 1 1 0 .5 0 - - - - 1. 101 738 363 322 40 . 0 4 0 .0 40. 0 40. 0 79. 79. 80. 80. _ 11 59 59 _ 1 20 - 16 180 40. 0 50 00 50 50 5 9 .0 0 " 5 - 7 4 4 74 Women N u r se s, industrial (registered ) ________ Manufacturing ____ ___________________ Nonmanufacturing ____________________ . - 1 - 27 27 1 - - 137 96 65 31 28 17 - .... 3 3 38 1 88 45 43 38 2 187 144 43 42 115 59 56 50 191 117 74 69 ... 274 193 81 62 319 225 94 94 180 55 125 123 136 77 59 52 149 42 107 87 1 184 77 66 11 11 2 2 30 30 24 23 104 41 63 63 - - . _ 1 ____53_ 50 3 29 34 11 11 13 6 23 7 23 75 65 51 i 38 ! 13 a 1 60 184 60 124 1 06 13 12 1 244 79 165 163 202 34 149 53 31 28 8 6 2 3 3 4 3 1 68 84 1 - 35 2 33 32 _ _ _ 93 55 38 36 _ _ - - 39. 0 39. 5 38. 5 76. 50 76. 50 75. 00 . - _ - - 16 12 11 10 53 40 13 14 17 8 6 11 6 9 7 2 _ 99 89 9 8 _ - - 12 55 52 3 _ . | 273 195 78 19 6 13 o o o $ $ $ s s Is $ S $ $ s * s |s Is s s 1* Is s Weekly 45 . 00 50. 00 ! 55. 00 ! 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 90. 00 95 .0 0 100.00 ,105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.001130.00 135.00 140.00 145 earnings 1 aijd (Standard) (Standard) unaer i ~ _ i and “ " " " “ " ■ “ " - 1 ■ “ “ 50. 0 0 i5 5 . 00 60. 00 65. 00 70. 00 75. 00 80. 00 85. 00 i 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 1 1 5 . oq 120.00 125.00 1 3 0 .0 0 !l3 5 .0 0 140.00 145.00 150 .00 over 1 I ! $ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ 40 . 0 1 4 2 .0 0 2 14 2 3 2 41 56 40 46 59 52 2 103 150. 50 39. 5 2 14 3 1 12 6 13 2 3 3 73 Weekly j b o Number of workers Sex, occupation, and industry division 2 1 ■ 1 _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ 1____ ___ ! _ _ j . j----- _ _ - _ _ i___ - i____ l _ 1 Standard hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receive their regular stra igh t-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these w eekly hours. 2 W ork ers w ere distributed as fo llo w s: 2 at $1 5 0 to $ 1 55 ; 4 at $155 to $ 1 6 0 ; 28 at $160 to $1 65 ; 28 at $165 to $ 1 7 0 ; 2 at $1 70 to $ 1 75 ; 11 at $1 75 to $1 80 ; 28 at $ 180 and o v e r . Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, M a s s ., September 1957 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R Bureau of Labor Statistics 9 Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis in Boston, M a s s . , by industry division, September 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division Number of workers 1 .20 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1.6 0 1 $ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 1 .0 0 and under I. 1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1. 70 1 .8 0 1 .90 2 .0 0 2 190 125 2 .6 6 * 1 ,0 2 5 855 170 2 .4 4 2 .4 8 2 .2 5 . " 396 255 141 2. 36 2 .4 5 2 . 18 _ - 556 344 2 E le ctricia n s, maintenance ----------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------- 212 . 00 2 .0 3 1 .9 4 H elp e rs, tra d e s, maintenance ---------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------Public utilities f ------------------------------------------W h olesale trade ------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------- 984 770 214 70 62 51 1 .9 0 1 .9 2 1 .8 4 2. 03 1 .8 4 1. 71 M achin e-tool o p era to rs, toolroom --------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 428 428 2 .3 7 2 .3 7 M achin ists, maintenance ------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 1 .1 0 1 .1 2 3 1 ,0 7 7 2 .4 4 2 .4 5 $ $ - 683 493 Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------- 1 .0 0 $ $ 2. 32 2 .2 7 2 .4 3 C arpenters, maintenance ------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------- E ngin eers, stationary ------------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------- Average hourly earnings _ . - - . - " 6 8 - 8 _ - . - - - 3 3 . - _ - - - 8 11 . “ 5 5 5 8 - " ~ - . - 6 - - - - - - " - - M illw r ig h ts --------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 327 327 2 .3 1 2. 31 - - - Oilers -----------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------- 277 2 52 1 .8 9 _ _ _ _ 1 .8 8 * * - - P ainters, maintenance ----------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------Services -------------------------------------------------------- 3 78 2 .0 8 2 .2 4 1 .8 7 1 .5 3 10 > - _ 12 - “ “ See footnotes at end of table. t Transportation (excluding r ailroad s), com m unication, 12 72 69 3 66 11 16 95 57 38 15 9 - - - 1 70 131 39 16 7 16 - - 2 2 - - - 9 9 31 31 33 27 26 - 6 8 - 110 232 _ T& 9 l 225 1 _ _ _ _ 177 "TTF8 69 - - - - _ _ . _ - - - 10 10 21 17 17 - - - 20 1 - _ _ . _ _ _ 20 _ _ - - - - - - _ . _ . - • 18 11 11 10 ... 12 — _ 12 10 . 4 3 103 70 33 60 93 62 '5 7 .... ----- 8T ~ 10 5 2 116 91 25 1 2 . 70 2 12 6 6 6 250 186 " 1 6 6 " | Z39“ 20 1 41 31 65 44 21 31 28 3 5. _ 4 10 50 18 32 34 18 4 12 16 22 2 65 165 156 32 77 170 8 69 2 168 22 89 5 42 73 6 45 45 98 84 113 7 106 91 15 34 14 3 20 3 13 4 3 3 - 65 65 49 49 90 84 31 10 21 18 3 - 4 - 104 93 54 54 343 343 51 29 7 13 2 22 22 5 3 12 1 - 2 - - “ - S .0 0 $3. 10 . 80 2 .9 0 3. 00 3. 10 and over r~ - 24 2l 3 1 2 " 34 24 " 5 5 - . . _ . - - - - - - . - . . - - - - - - - - 3 3 . - - 89 89 33 _ ... 14 19 19 - 4 4 20 3 19 19 20 20 51 51 163 163 1 1 3 3 4 4 54 54 10 78 76 34 14 34 34 14 14 5 5 - 27 40 29 19 14 5 37 17 58 36 29 33 11 22 20 11 - 22 2 18 - 2 25 12 11 6 - - - 76 73 3 6 5 4 3 1 1 ■ 15 13 59 10 22 22 2 182 37 T77| ------ 5— 5 32 2 1 6 64 64 2 57 70 50 1 - *70 9 22 22 18 66 - 13 19 ------ T5“ — rt ~ 4 1 31 7 8 22 2 2 22 40 40 67 _ - _ - l 12 "135.. 136 _ - 4 -------- T - 2 2 _ 7 _ _ 140 1 1 ST 1 .9 0 - - 11 7 117 80 158 107 51 7 14 30 200 123 9? 28 24 154 151 - 1 70 2 — 52 24 28 32 18 - 107 "84 23 70 66 . 1 .6 0 21 65 - 71 53 18 15 1 12 12 “ 2 - 6 6 56 30 - 35 14 2 . 50 - - 12 10 1 - 19 2 .4 0 5 5 - 12 1 68 2. 30 326 290 36 35 - 15 - 87 1 . 50 6 6 - 25 19 1 .4 0 66 1 - - 1 146 121 1 .3 0 72 53 47 95 2 .2 0 1 .2 0 14 54 42 26 10 34 47 13 34 121 . 20 7 86 ' and other public u tilities. 38 35 3 86 - - 49 44 5 28 _ 12 12 48 4l 7 - 28 - - 73 10 7 7 - 1 - 10 10 7 5 28 16 33 - 12 - 63 47 - 7 7 6 47 36 1 2 1 6 62 1 5 - 7 44 18 - 54 45 9 16 11 7 12 10 2 .2 4 2 . 22 2 .2 8 2. 41 2. 64 2 . 19 62 13 13 17 - 1 ,5 2 5 1 ,1 4 9 376 119 51 185 216 162 6 1 29 - . 18 2 .4 4 2. 14 2 .1 3 2 . 22 2 . 10 M ech anics, maintenance ------------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------Public utilities f ------------------------------------------W holesale trade ------------------------------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------------------- 7 22 20 2 671 84 587 332 114 141 2 22 20 6 1 1 8 17 3 14 2 - - . - 11 6 13 13 4 8 _ • 8 _ - M ech anics, automotive (maintenance) -------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------Public utilities t ------------------------------------------W holesale trade ------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------- _ - . 1 8 6 10 12 10 12 _t - - 10 12 _ " . - _ 8 --------6 “ 2 _ 1 1 2 1 - - - - - - - 3 1 32 - - 2 2 3 - - - ‘ - Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, M a s s ., September 1957 U. S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R Bureau of Labor Statistics 10 Table A-3: Maintenance and Po^erplant Occupations - Continued (A verage hourly earnings for men in selected occupations studied on an area b asis in B oston, M a s s . , by industry d ivision, September 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division P ip efitte rs, maintenance --------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------ Number of workers Average hourly j earnings $ 2 .3 9 2 .3 9 560 535 $ 1 .0 0 and under 1. 10 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1. 70 $ $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2. 10 $ $ $ 1 .8 0 2 .2 0 2 . 30 2 .4 0 $ 2. 50 $ 2. 60 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 . 1.5Q 1 .6 0 1. 70 i.a.Q 1 .9 0 2 . 00 2. 10 2 .2 0 2. 30 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2. 60 2. 70 7 - 7 18 18 29 26 - - - 44 71 40 61 88 87 127 127 29 29 $ 2 . 70 120 17 118 — rr~ $ 2. 80 $ 2 .9 0 $ 3 .0 0 $ 3. 10 ..2,9 Q 3. 00 3. 10 and over 9 4 - 1 1 ------------------------------------------ 68 2. 30 - - - - - - 5 - - 3 4 6 4 34 4 4 1 1 - _ 1 1 S heet-m etal w ork ers, maintenance --------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------ 175 165 2. 43 2 .4 5 _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ - 19 14 27 25 41 41 15 15 2 2 3 3 _ - 4 4 _ ~ 3 1 _ - 2 2 57 - 2 1 Tool and die m akers -----------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------ 1, 127 1, 124 2. 62 2. 63 - . . _ _ _ _ _ 2 4 14 18 121 193 “ “ “ ” 2 2 14 18 95 95 171 “ 74 74 7 7 317 317 P lu m b ers, maintenance 1 2 - 57 120 109 109 193 l7l _ 2 ” 2 Excludes prem ium pay for overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. W ork ers w ere distributed as follow s: 50 at $ 3 . 10 to $ 3 .2 0 ; 18 at $ 3 . 20 to $ 3 . 30; 2 at $ 3 . 30 to $ 3 . 40. Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (Average hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in B oston, M a s s . , by industry division, September 195 7) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation 1 and industry division Average $ hourly 2 0 . 80 earnings and under .9 0 Number of workers $ Elevator op erators, p assen ger (men) -----------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Finance *j"f‘___________________________________ S ervices 543 530 284 183 Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------------------- 442 421 184 Guards --------------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------------Finance^|-------------------------------------------------------Janitors, p o rte rs, and cleaners (m e n )------------Manufacturing --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------Public u tilities | -----------------------------------------W h olesale trade -----------------------------------------Re tail trade __ _ Finance H ------------------------------------------------------Services ------------------------------------------------------- 947 577 3 70 261 4 , 116 1 ,9 4 5 2 , 171 397 140 62 7 60 7 400 ' 1.21 1 .2 0 . 1 .0 4 1 .8 0 1 .8 7 1 .6 7 1 .5 9 1. 50 1. 64 1. 36 1. 63 1 .5 9 1.3 1 1 .3 5 1. 13 $ $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 1 . 10 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .00 2 .0 0 2 . 10 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2. 50 1 .0 0 1 . 10 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1. 50 1 .6 0 1. 70 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 2 . 20 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 .5 0 2 151 l5 l 137 104 TCT4 104 19 19 19 27 24 5 37 36 - 6 - 1 1 0 . 22 22 30 141 141 7 129 12 12 9 9 4 37 37 32 230 230 117 72 72 31 22 - _ - . - 5 5 5 59 13 46 46 2 54 45 209 4 52 25 128 436 61 61 1 .3 0 1 .0 4 1 . 12 1 . 10 $ 90 $ 50 50 50 61 61 48 . 13 285 38 247 12 107 42 86 See footnotes at end of table. Transportation (excluding ra ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public utilities Finance, insurance, and real estate. t 32 - 100 336 35 10 153 90 48 36 11 25 23 560 TTJ2 458 14 25 35 4 31 31 556 389 167 30 12 18 2 76 66 22 41 1 1 7 7 5 4 - 6 6 - _ - 71 .... 43 28 28 2 73 176 97 50 70 33 37 29 276 “ 182 94 41 8 12 355 TOT" 251 175 17 35 33 " 12 12 6 * . 10 $ 4 “ _ . 60 $ 60 $ 2 . 70 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 2 . 70 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 and over 2 . “ - - - 12 64 42 22 21 353 T99 154 61 16 17 60 472 420 52 24 _ 25 3 * 7 4 - t - - - - ~ - 23 18 5 - 41 41 - 2 2 _ - _ - _ . - . - _ - - _ - . - - “ - 247 194" 53 14 - - 227 169 113 " 196 56 31 14 3 3 28 707 J - 41 36 5 5 21 21 21 21 14 “ ■ - - - - - . - . _ . _ . - - - _ - - - - ■ • “ “ Occupational Wage Survey, B oston, M a s s ., September 1957 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R Bureau of Labor Statistics 11 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (A verage hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis in Boston, M a s s . , by industry division, September 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation 1 and industry division Janitors, p o r te r s, and cleaners (w o m e n )-------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------------------Finance f t ------------------------------------------------------- Number of workers 1 ,8 7 6 252 1 ,6 2 4 107 1, 131 $ Average $ hourly g 0 . 80 0 .9 0 earnings and under . 90 1 .0 0 $ 1 .2 6 1 .3 9 1 .2 4 1 .0 7 1 .2 6 27 27 - 44 44 35 - 1 _ - L a b o re rs, m aterial handling ----------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------Public u tilities '}1-------------------------------------------W holesale trade -----------------------------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------------------- 5, 811 3 ,2 5 0 2, 561 518 954 1 ,0 4 9 1 .6 7 1 .6 4 1. 70 2 . 01 Order fille r s ---------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------W h o le s a le ----------------------------- -----------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------------------- 2 ,4 0 5 879 1 ,5 1 6 1 ,0 41 475 1. 75 1 .8 3 1. 70 1, 785 202 1 .6 7 1. 69 1 .6 5 1 .8 3 1 .2 6 345 219 96 1 .3 9 1 .4 0 1 .3 6 P a c k e r s, shipping (men) -----------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------W holesale ---------------------------------------------------R etail trade ------------------------------------------------ P a c k e rs, shipping (women) -------------------------------Manufa c tu r in g --------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------- 1 ,09 0 695 464 1 .6 8 1. 59 1 .6 8 758 1 .8 0 — 379----- "7 7 9 0 ----368 1 .6 9 185 1. 76 141 1 .6 4 Shipping clerk s -----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------W holesale trade ----------------------------------------R etail trade ------------------------------------------------ 1 .88 799 379— T T 9 7 ----1.81 479 299 1.91 1 .6 4 144 560 — 368 77 253 ~ ~ vn - - _ 1. 75 Receiving clerk s --------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -------------------------------------------W holesale trade ----------------------------------------R etail trade ------------------------------------------------ Shipping and receiving clerks ---------------------------Manufacturing -------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ------------------------------------------W holesale t r a d e ------------------------------------------Retail trade -------------------------------------------------- - 40 40 40 1 .8 6 “1 759----1 .8 5 1 .9 9 1 .8 5 _ - $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ ]. 60 $ 1. 70 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 1 . 30 1 .4 0 1 . 50 1 .6 0 1. 70 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 249 38 641 211 573 548 578 29 549 5 475 $ $ $ 1 .0 0 1 . 10 i . io 1 .2 0 163 13 150 43 51 14 52 66 500 421 79 53 23 26 420 283 137 93 33 59 170 168 6 2 53 43 168 23 145 284 84 179 200 93 - 42 140 53 9 44 4 40 86 12 - - 42 42 “ 52 36 16 30 30 25 25 13 7 7 - - - - - - 3 3 3 _ . _ - - - ~ 731 552 179 99 79 95 38 57 44 13 38 - 1 130 80 50 6 - - 53 9 44 32 _ _ 3 10 66 _ - 36 36 - 24 - “ 23 i9 4 - 10 2 ■ 10 27 - 121 “ - 47 20 31 123 45 69 69 - 2 2 51 20 60 l 39 29 2 352 13 ------ 5““ 7 7 1 - 24 1 - 24 - 32 rs 14 14 234 771“ 114 122 110 70 52 208 186 138 82 56 41 15 21 12 48 48 ■ 20 60 12 48 19 29 23 3 9 105 72 82 “ T Z — ' " TO” ------59“ — 60 42 55 27 44 12 17 16 29 71 n>— 55 33 12 10 - 12 - 23 10 - 12 10 23 10 2 13 10 33 6 27 2 24 98 — n r83 50 18 713 ...5'4B~ 165 169 27 65 6 244 4 240 28 4 212 136 89 47 47 190 163 27 15 56 56 - " 12 ■ 86 E l~ 21 12 8 109 5T 58 45 3 72 56’ 58 98 12 16 8 8 46 4 42 12 86 2 81 3 3 71 ----- T T 29 12 11 115 — T T 84 76 8 109 — W ~ 70 2 .3 0 2 .4 0 2 . 50 2 , 60 2. 70 2 .8 0 2 .9 0 - 371 191 180 128 52 12 6 6 $ 2 . 70 - 294 2 . 60 - 283 161 22 2 - 16 4 . 50 - T7T 10 2 - 80 86 $ 2 .4 0 . - 132 150 $ 2. 30 $ 20 2 3 3 - 190 134 10 2 .2 0 20 1 3 3 3 “ $ . 10 10 21 5 2 - . 110 16 68 180 125 55 33 26 - 8 2 348 94 73 44 18 6 6 - 2 710 2 59 451 148 21 20 6 00 $ 2 .0 0 331 89 242 3 147 90 72 51 70 64 8 . $ 457 292 165 4 85 75 469 “791 ■ 218 280 30 33 26 -------5 ~ ... 2 0 .... -----73 24 6 25 10 13 2 4 15 5 See footnotes at end of table. | Transportation (excluding r a ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities, f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 68 1 .9 0 393 79 314 255 54 5 63 61 180 56 124 124 - 67 23 ' 44 44 - 248 53 195 195 " " - 88 38 17 6 7 _ _ _ 2 - - 5 5 - - - ■ ’ ■ " _ - _ ■ _ - _ - _ ” _ ■ . " . _ _ - - . - _ “ 20 20 18 6 6 - - ■ ■ 18 18 * _ “ _ ■ _ " 26 52 " 43 9 9 " 13 3 ■ " 2 12 41 18 23 15 l5 - _ _ - - - - - 10 - 18 17 _ - 6 27 25 11 - 21 21 18 47 29 18 18 57 - 38 27 70 40 30 _ - 81 .... 515 31 9 9 " _ - - 6 11 - 2 1 20 “ - 22 15 18 - 22 6 21 - 2 .9 0 and over - 17 9 3 “65 ” 23 17 - - $ . 80 2 81 59 38 7 31 31 - 2 5 5 5 - 18 " " $ $ 2 2 10 5 5 46 32 14 49 49 49 “ 1 3 l * 1 2 2 13 _ - 10 3 3 ~ 9 9 4 5 “ 4 4 4 - t ~ “ 18 18 18 “ _ 3 " 1 2 2 14 14 14 _ _ - - - ■ 12 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (A verage hourly earnings for selected occupations studied on an area b asis in Boston, M a ss. , by industry division, September 1957) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING 8TRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation 1 and industry division of workers hourly » earnings $ 0 . 80 3 ,3 5 4 946 2 ,4 0 6 702 849 69 7 147 T ru ck d rivers, light (under lVa tons) -----------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------W h olesale trade ------------------------------------Services -------------------------------------------------- 475 237 238 103 87 T ru ck d riv ers, medium (lVz to and including 4 tons) ---------------------------------------------M an u fac tu rin g ----------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------Public u t i l i t i e s ! --------------------------------------W h olesale trade -----------------------------------R etail trade -------------------------------------------- 1 ,1 1 0 705 79 243 321 $ 2 . 09 2 . 14 2. 07 2 . 16 2 .2 1 1 .9 5 1 .3 9 1 .8 2 2 .0 6 1 .5 8 1 .6 6 . - . _ - 1 .4 7 $ $ 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1. 50 $ 1 .0 0 60 $ 1 .7 0 * 1 .3 0 ■ 1 .4 0 ■ 1 .5 0 " 1 .6 0 1. 70 1 .8 0 50 50 24 70 24 46 24 62 5 57 - 10 10 12 79 3 76 _ 4 72 149 56 93 54 29 100 6 4 79 38 34 4 . 4 22 211 1 .0 0 1. 10 10 1 .2 0 6 - - 10 6 . 10 . - - - 6 14 . _ - _ . - 6 - - 6 40 40 24 14 10 - - 10 _ _ 10 10 10 - _ - 6 _ 6 10 67 3 64 _ _ 4 17 17 _ 4 118 15 103 3 _ 13 40 36 4 _ _ 4 - . - . - - - - • - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 30 30 30 _ - 3 2 - _ • - " _ - - 221 90 1 .9 8 - 101 2. 05 - - - - - T ru ck ers, power (other than f o r k l i f t ) ----------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------------ 205 ZU5 2 2 _ _ . _ _ ~ “ ■ . . 01 01 1. 50 1. 58 1 .3 9 1.8 1 1 .4 9 1 .3 3 1 .4 0 . 280 67 213 $ 1 .9 0 $ $ 2 .0 0 2 -2 . 2 .0 0 237 71 2 166 6 178 23 7 28 132 - 1.0 1 7 - - 206 44 71 39 32 . 5 _ 2 158 23 24 132 _ 15 26 26 _ 7 7 _ - - - - 21 1 20 2 .2 0 $ 2 .3 0 2 .3 0 ■ 2 .4 0 123 33 90 _ 2 86 2 10 10 _ _ 17 17 _ 1 57 24 33 _ 9 24 _ - “ 50 50 - 205 83 122 _ 1 1 1 1 118 44 74 _ 17 17 - 1 1 138 116 22 _ 10 10 10 2 29 32 80 32 29 4 7 Data lim ited to men w o rk ers, except where otherw ise indicated. Excludes prem ium pay for ove rtim e , and for work on weekends, holidays, and late sh ifts. Includes a ll d rivers regard le ss of siz e and type of truck operated, Transportation (excluding r a ilro a d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. 7 Q 41 40 70 61 9 . 80 $ 2 .9 0 2 .5 0 2 .9 0 and over 1 - - - - - _ _ _ 60 60 _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ " - 2 - - - - 195 94 8 101 8 76 76 _ _ _ 5 5 _ _ 28 Z8 " _ _ _ 38 38" _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ 7 3 4 _ 204 _ 204 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 204 - - - - - - - - _ 1 60 - 2 2 _ - - - - 50 50 - 58 58 - 18 "18 - _ - 10 - - - 65 “ - “ 92 92 25 25 11 11 10 10 11 11 18 18 4 4 . 4 . _ _ _ 6 6 1 1 25 25 127 80 47 93 71 2 1 15 . 4 35 2 4 22 60 43 17 _ 15 1 58 46 12 12 _ _ 53 48 5 281 13 33 23 11 - - 268 10 208 15 - 11 11 - 6 4 2 . _ _ 2 2 1 _ _ 20 20 128 33 95 4 4 54 _ . 127 99 28 9 13 - _ _ 6 84 52 32 28 - 9 _ _ _ _ . _ 2 47 45 26 261 54 _ 54 _ 5 5 - 69 _ 69 158 261 _ _ . 20 582 72 510 132 - 40 7 146 $ 40 36 4 _ 4 _ 19 18 - “ 3 5 14 2 2 . 80 20 1 1 62 40 $ 2. 70 - - 22 . 60 ■ 2 .7 0 2 8 26 12 $ ■ 2 .6 0 7 3 4 4 145 97 48 34 14 1 1 8 2 6 38 $ 2 . 50 165 58 124 ------- 541 53 _ 11 22 52 52 45 4 16 $ 2 .4 0 55 8 162 6 100 238 884 660 125 99 - 172 - 13 9 27 184 1122 20 13 $ 10 2 .2 0 280 85 195 17 17 _ . . 400 _ - 24 10 10 1 .9 7 1 .9 5 2 . 03 t 12 - 766 5?5 3 12 - - T ru ck ers, power (forklift) -----------------------------------Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------W h olesale trade -------------------------------------------Retail trade ---------------------------------------------------- 1 16 59 24 _ _ 2 . 14 2 . 16 2 . 14 2 . 16 2 .2 3 * - 12 _ _ _ 603 71 532 219 126 602" 20 162 55 107 3 _ 10 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, other than tra iler type) ---------------------------------------------Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------Public u tilities ! --------------------------------------W h olesale trade --------------------------------------- 469 30 59 152 179 - 45 5 40 1 .9 0 _ _ _ 2 .2 8 2. 13 2 .3 0 2. 17 2. 56 1 ,0 71 12 $ 1 .8 0 . _ _ 1 65 815 400 271 Watchmen ----------------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ---------------------------------------------Public u tilities ! -------------------------------------------W h olesale trade ------------------------------------------Retail trade ----------------------------------------------------F in an c ef f - - - ___ _____ ... . 60 24 36 14 20 13 24 1. 1 .9 6 2 . 14 1 .8 5 2 . 10 1 .9 1 1 .8 2 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra iler type) ----------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ---------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing --------------------------------------Public utilities f -----------------------------------W h olesale trade -------------------------------------- 980 $ 0 .9 0 “ .9 0 Truckdrivers 3 ---------------------------------------------------------Manufacturing ----------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing ----------------------------------------------Public u tilitie s! -------------------------------------------W holesale trade -------------------------------------------Retail trade --------------------------------------------------S ervices ---------------------------------------------------------- $ 4 4 4 _ 9 3 6 _ 6 5 5 - 57 57 57 - - - - _ - _ - - _ _ _ - - - - _ _ » " ~ _ _ _ . _ _ _ - 6 6 6 . _ _ - ~ . _ _ _ B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wage Provisions Table B-1: Shift Differential P ro v isio n s1 P e r c e n t of m an u factu rin g plant w o r k e r s— Shift d iffe r e n tia l T o ta l --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- W ith sh ift pay d iffe r e n tia l ------------------------------------------------------------ U n iform cen ts (per hour) -------------------------------------------------------- 2 V4 » 3 V4 , or 4 c e n t s ------------------------------------------------------------ (a) In e sta b lish m e n ts having f o r m a l p r o v isio n s fo r — Second shift w ork T h ird or other shift w ork 8 1 .6 69. 0 (b) A c tu a lly w orking on— Second shift 7 .8 2. 5 8 1 .6 6 9 .0 7. 8 2. 5 4 1 .8 2 9 .2 5. 3 1 .3 5 cen ts -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 cen ts -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------7Va cents -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2 .4 8. 1 4. 8 2. 1 1 .0 .8 1 .2 4. 5 . 3 1 .0 .3 * 9 cen ts -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 cents ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 Va, 1 2 , or 1 2 ^ 3 cen ts -----------------------------------------------------15 cents ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 6 cents ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1 7 cents ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------O ver 1 7 cen ts ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. 3 9. 6 1. 1 5. 1 .8 1 .2 1 .2 1 .3 8 .4 3 .2 2. 4 . 8 1 .2 1 .5 .4 1 .3 . 6 .4 . 5 .2 ------------------------------------------------------------------ 36. 8 38. 1 2. 1 5 p e rc e n t -------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 p e rcen t -------------------------------------------------------------------------------7 V2 p e rcen t ---------------------------------------------------------------------------10 p e rce n t ------------------------------------------------------------------------------12 Va p e rcen t -------------------------------------------------------------------------1 5 p e rcen t ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4. 1 2. 8 1 .0 3 .5 1 .0 23. 1 . . 1. . U n iform p e rcen tag e F u ll d a y ’ s pay fo r red uced hours ----------------------------------------No sh ift pay d iffe re n tia l T h ird or other shift - 28. 6 1 .3 - - 9. 5 3. 1 1. 7 •1 3 3 - .2 . 1 * .3 .2 . 1 * . 1 .2 1 .1 * * * 1 4 - . 7 .3 - .4 --------------------------------------------------------------' ' ' 1 Shift d iffe r e n tia l data a re p r e se n te d in te r m s of (a) e sta b lish m e n t p o lic y , and (b) w o rk e rs ac tu a lly e m p loy ed on latd sh ifts at the tim e of the s u r v e y . A n e sta b lish m e n t w as c o n sid e r e d as having a p o lic y if it m e t eith er of the follo w in g con d itio n s: ( l ) O p erated late sh ifts at the tim e of the s u r v e y , or (2) had fo r m a l p r o v isio n s co v e rin g late s h ifts . * L e s s than 0 . 0 5 p e r c e n t. O ccup ational W age S u rv ey , B oston , M a s s . , S e p tem b er 1 957 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R B ureau of L a b o r S ta tistic s 14 Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 Number of establishm ents with specified minimum hiring rate in— Number of establishments with specified minimum hiring rate in Manufacturing Minimum rate (weekly salary) All schedules 249 Manufacturing 84 37Vz 40 XXX XXX All schedules 165 36V4 37l/ a 40 XXX XXX XXX 249 $32.50 $35. 00 $37. 50 $40. 00 $42. 50 $45. 00 $47. 50 $50. 00 $52. 50 $55.00 $57. 50 $ 60. 00 $62. 50 $65. 00 $67. 50 and and and and and and and and and and and and and and and under under under under under under under under under under under under under under under $35.00 $37. 50 $40. 00 $42. 50 $45. 00 $47. 50 $50. 00 $52. 50 $55. 00 $57. 50 $60. 00 $62.50 $65. 00 $67. 50 $70. 00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 130 47 12 24 1 _ - _ - 1 1 2 2 _ 4 3 5 3 23 30 30 12 11 3 3 4 7 9 15 3 4 5 1 1 1 1 - 3 - - 6 1 2 1 1 3 - 83 12 20 29 1 _ - . 3 - 5 2 16 21 2 4 15 9 7 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 XXX 165 XXX XXX 40 XXX 8 5 2 2 1 7 3 4 5 4 " 1 2 - 22 90 12 21 30 2 6 6 2 6 - 2 10 11 10 4 3 5 3 - 31 32 27 5 3 4 10 8 5 3 4 3 3 1 Establishments having no specified minimum ------------------------- 64 27 XXX XXX 37 XXX Establishments which did not em ploy w orkers in this category ------------------------------------------- 54 10 XXX XXX 44 XXX XXX XXX 37 XXX XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX 1 1 XXX 37Vz - - Data not available ------------------------------ 84 36V4 14 “ - All schedules - 1 2 1 40 48 2 1 3 - 3 7Vz 138 - 1 All schedules FOR OTHER INEXPERIENCED CLERICAL WORKERS 3 FOR INEXPERIENCED TYPISTS Establishm ents having a specified minimum ------------------------- Nonmanufacturing Based on standard weekly hours 2 of All industries Based on standard weekly hours 2 of— A ll industries Establishments studied --------------------- Nonmanufacturing 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 4 21 21 17 5 5 3 3 2 1 2 1 - " - ’ XXX 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 - 1 1 XXX XXX 73 28 8 1 1 1 1 4 6 8 1 1 1 1 6 5 4 3 3 2 3 1 1 1 “ " XXX 45 XXX XXX XXX XXX 29 XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX - 1 - 1 1 XXX ' 1 2 3 L o w e st s a la r y rate f o r m a lly e sta b lish e d fo r h irin g in e x p e rie n c e d w o rk e rs fo r typing or other c le r ic a l jo b s . H ou rs r e fle c t the w ork w eek fo r w hich e m p lo y e e s r e c e iv e th eir r e g u la r s t r a ig h t -t im e s a l a r i e s . Data a r e p r e se n te d fo r a ll the w ork w eek s co m b in e d , and fo r the m o s t com m on w orkw eeks r e p o r te d . R ates ap p lic ab le to m e s s e n g e r s , o ffic e g i r l s , or s im ila r s u b c le r ic a l job s a r e not c o n sid e r e d . O ccu p ation al W age S u rv e y , B o sto n , M a s s . , S e p tem b er 1 9 5 7 U . S. D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u reau of L a b o r S ta tistic s 15 T a b le B-3: S c h e d u l e d W e e k l y H o u r s PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS1EMPLOYED IN— PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— W e e k ly h ours All industries A ll w o rk ers ___________ __ 100 100 3 2 % h ours ____ ________________________ _____ _____ _____________ _______ ___ _____ 35 h ours O v e r 35 and under 3 6 % h ours ----------------- ----3 6 % h ours __________________________________________ O v e r 3 6 % and under 3 7 % h ours _________________ 3 7 % h ours ________ ___________ ____________________ 1 . 8 9 1 10 3 25 ** ** O v e r 3 7 % and under 3 8 % h o u r s .... ............ ...... 38% h ou rs ______________________________________ O v e r 38% and under 40 h ou rs _______________ _______________________________________ 40 h ou rs O v e r 40 and under 44 hou rs ___________________ 44 and under 48 h o u rs _________________________ 48 h ou rs and o v e r _ _ ....... . 8 8 2 34 ** ** ** ** 9 _ 63 _ 1 1 ^ ** T ft _________ _____________ Manufacturing Public.. utilities f 100 Finance f f Services 100 100 100 _ . _ 12 _ 8 _ _ _ 42 _ _ 31 8 4 _ 49 _ _ _ 7 7 19 8 6 19 22 _ . 3 9 2 22 " - - 3 _ _ _ 55 15 Retail trade 100 _ 2 Wholesale trade _ E s tim a te s f o r o f fic e w o r k e r s are not co m p a r a b le v itli e a r lie r s tu d ie s . See In tro d u ctio n , Inclu des data f o r r e a l e sta te in add ition to those inc.u!'tr y d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . L e s s than 0 .5 p e r c e n t. T r a n s p o rta tio n (e x clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a tio n , and o th e r public u tilit ie s , F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . p. All 2 industries 100 Manufacturing 100 _ _1 _1 4 28 15 11 . 6 _ _ 6 2 1 _ 1 _ 13 15 _ 1 43 1 _ 8 2 7 - - 19 _ 1 79 3 2 4 _ _ _ 84 1 3 4 Public . utilities f 100 _ _ . > _ _ _ 98 _ _ 2 Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100 100 100 _ 2 _ 4 _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ 74 _ 10 _ 15 8 _ 5 58 7 5 7 6 _ 1 2 _ _ _ 76 2 11 4 2. T a b l e B-4: O v e r t im e P a y P r a c t i c e s PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— O v e rtim e p o lic y All industries A ll w o rk e rs _____________________________________ Manufacturing Public utilities f Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance f f Services All1 industries Manufacturing Public utilities f Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 48 46 14 32 2 70 69 7 63 1 94 94 54 40 65 65 21 45 58 58 30 28 14 11 80 80 85 85 100 100 8 - 72 77 100 73 73 12 61 _ ** 3 3 65 65 2 63 36 36 8 _ 37 36 12 25 1 - - - - - 36 - 52 30 6 35 42 86 63 20 15 - 35 27 64 97 97 21 75 ** ** 99 99 12 87 97 97 25 72 _ - 85 85 24 59 2 ** 100 100 22 78 - 82 81 12 69 1 97 97 7 89 1 - 99 99 100 100 - 90 - 100 - 93 93 2 91 - 96 96 10 83 2 - 80 80 8 ** 99 99 54 45 _ - 3 ** 1 3 15 - 18 3 1 ■ 7 4 20 D A IL Y O V E R TIM E W o r k e r s in esta b lis h m e n ts provid in g p r e m iu m pay 2 _______________________________ T im e and one -h a lf _________________________ E ffe c tiv e a fte r le s s than 8 h ou rs ___ _ E ffe c tiv e a fte r 8 h ou rs _________________ O ther ______________________________________ W o r k e r s in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro vid in g no p r em iu m pay o r having no p o l i c y ___________ 8 - W E E K L Y O V E R T IM E W o rk e rs in e s ta b lis h m e n ts p ro vid in g p rem iu m pay 2 ________ _____________________ T im e and o n e -h a lf --------- ----------------------- _ E ffe c tiv e after le s s than 40 h o u r s _____ E ffe c tiv e after 40 h ou rs ---------------------E ffe c tiv e a fte r m o r e than 40 h o u r s ___ O ther ________________________________ ____ W o rk e rs in esta b lis h m e n ts p ro v id in g no p r em iu m pay o r having no p o l i c y ----------------- _ - 75 4 - 1 Inclu des data fo r r e a l estate in add ition to th ose in d u stry d iv isio n s show n s e p a r a te ly . 2 G raduated p r o v is io n s are c la s s i f ie d to the f ir s t e ffe c t iv e p r e m iu m r a te . F o r e x a m p le , a plan c a llin g f o r tim e and on e -h a lf a fter 8 and double tim e a fte r 10 h ou rs a day w ould be c o n s id e r e d tim e and on e-h alf a fte r 8 h o u r s . S im ila r ly , a plan ca llin g fo r no pay o r pay at r e g u la r rate a fte r 3 7 % and tim e and o n e -h a lf a fte r 40 h ou rs w ould be c o n s id e r e d as tim e and o n e -h a lf a fte r 40 h ou rs . ** L e s s than 0 . 5 t ft T r a n sp o rta tio n (e x clu d in g r a ilr o a d s ) , co m m u n ic a tio n , F in a n ce , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . percent. and o th e r public u tilitie s . O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y , B o s to n , M a s s ., S ep tem b er 1957 U. S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LA BO R B u rea u o f L a b o r S ta tis tics 16 Table B-5: W age Structure Characteristics and Labor-Management Agreements PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Item All industries Manufacturing Public utilities y 67 68 12 57 32 92 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance 47 56 10 45 44 Services AU industries * Manufacturing Public utilitiegf* Wholesale trade 69 52 69 31 52 48 56 23 33 17 55 23 32 9 99 19 80 62 29 34 34 40 15 25 39 61 54 7 27 73 27 12 10 5 64 36 20 16 99 1 96 4 2 2 79 21 88 12 4 5 3 Retail trade Services WAGE STRUCTURE FOR TIMET-RATE D"" w o r k e r s ^ _____1 Range of rates ------------------------------------------Individual rates ---------------------------------------------- 61 33 6 86 8 43 53 “ METHOD OF WAGE PAYMENT PLANT WORKERS------- ------- FOR DATA NOT COLLECTED Time workers --------------------------------------------------------Incentive workers --------------------------------------------------Piecework -------------------------------------------------Bonus work -----------------------------------------------Commission -------------------------------------------------------- ** ** “ ** ** 21 LABOR-MANAGEMENT ------ AGREEMENTS 2------- Workers in establishments with agreements covering a majority of such workers -------------------------------------------- 15-19 20-24 75-79 15-19 10-14 - 0-4 70-74 75-79 90-94 50-54 60-64 50-54 1 Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. 2 Estimates relate to all workers (office or plant) employed in an establishment having a contract in effect covering a majority of the workers in their respective category. The estimates so ob tained are not necessarily representative of the extent to which all workers in the area may be covered by provisions of labor-management agreements due to the exclusion of smaller size establishments. ** Less than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, t t Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, M ass., September 1957 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 17 Table B-6: Paid Holidays1 PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Item A l l w o r k e r s -----------------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts p rovidin g paid h olid ays -----------------------------------------------------------W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts providin g no paid h o li d a y s -------------------------------------------------------- Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100 100 100 100 99 100 100 94 67 1 ” “ 6 33 4 9 3 8 2 5 7 4 7 9 5 36 2 2 2 18 3 27 10 4 4 1 2 11 1 1 1 ** 9 1 9 4 2 13 - 1 5 - 29 5 4 ** - 2 17 1 7 2 10 8 11 - 1 34 1 24 3 9 14 2 18 2 14 2 6 35 2 36 4 54 28 3 47 ** 18 67 38 5 8 2 6 45 21 28 4 6 - 3 4 - ‘ “ 18 2 “ 22 1 ** ** 2 1 - “ " 2 “ ” ** 2 20 87 87 96 99 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 22 22 60 61 76 76 95 95 95 95 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 ** 3 11 16 34 36 44 45 63 63 83 92 93 94 95 95 96 96 1 5 11 13 27 29 40 41 58 58 89 96 97 97 97 98 99 99 21 66 74 74 82 82 82 82 92 98 98 100 100 100 100 100 2 2 31 31 65 65 77 77 81 82 89 93 93 93 93 93 93 100 _ 4 4 40 42 42 42 75 76 78 87 87 89 92 92 92 94 ** ** 6 6 11 11 12 12 16 16 26 62 62 67 67 67 67 67 All . industries * Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 96 " “ " " " “ 4 _ 2 2 1 _ 1 - 2 1 5 1 - 3 - - 2 1 12 4 2 1 51 - 1 5 3 10 3 6 2 19 1 28 ** 10 6 ** 43 5 25 7 1 2 1 2 3 10 54 60 79 80 86 86 96 97 99 99 99 99 99 99 99 100 2 3 28 33 62 63 75 76 92 93 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 _ 28 82 92 92 95 95 97 97 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 All industries Manufacturing 100 100 100 " ** 1 2 1 2 ** 8 ** Public utilities y Finance yy Services Manufacturing Public utilities y N U M BE R OF DAYS L e s s than 6 h olid ays -----------------------------------------------6 h olid ays --------------------------------------------------------------------6 h olid ays p lu s: 2 , 3 , 5 h a lf days ............................................................. 7 h olid ays --------------------------------------------------------------------7 h olid ays p lu s: 1 h alf d a y ---------------------------------------------------------------2 h alf days -------------------------------------------------------------4 or m o r e h a lf days -------------------------------------------8 h olid ays --------------------------------------------------------------------8 h olid ays p lu s: 1 , 2 , 4 h a lf days -------------------- - .............................. 9 h olid ays --------------------------------------------------------------------9 h olid ays p lu s: 1, 2 h a lf days -------------------------------------------------------10 h olid ays -----------------------------------------------------------------10 h olid ays p lu s: 1 h alf day --------------------------------------------------------------2 h alf days ------------------------------------------------------------11 h olid ays -----------------------------------------------------------------11 h olid ays p lu s: 1 h a lf day ------------------------------------------------------------2 , 3 h a lf days -------------------------------------------------------12 h olid ays and o v e r -------------------------------------------------- . T O T A L H O L ID A Y T IM E 3 12 o r m o r e days --------------------------------------------------------llV a or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------11 o r m o r e days --------------------------------------------------------10Va or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------10 or m o r e days --------------------------------------------------------97a or m o r e days -----------------------------------------------------9 or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------------87a or m o r e days -----------------------------------------------------8 or m o r e days ---------------------------------------------------------77a o r m o r e days -----------------------------------------------------7 or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------------6 or m o r e days ---------------------------------------------------------57a o r m o r e days -----------------------------------------------------5 or m o r e days ---------------------------------------------------------4 or m o r e days ---------------------------------------------------------3 or m o r e days ---------------------------------------------------------2 or m o r e days ----------------------------------------------------------1 or m o r e d ays ---------------------------------------------------------- See footn otes at end of tab le. t T ra n sp o rta tio n (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), co m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s y f F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e sta te . 4 6 57 57 91 91 97 97 98 98 98 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 _ 18 18 42 43 44 44 94 97 97 98 98 98 98 98 98 100 O ccup ation al W age S u r v e y , B o sto n , M a s s . , S ep te m b er 1957 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF L A B O R B u reau o f L a b o r S ta tistics 18 Table B-6: Paid Hplidays1 - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED INItem All industries Manufacturing 99 92 99 99 99 86 99 99 84 81 45 4 4 13 5 5 4 100 79 100 98 100 78 100 100 79 66 15 12 14 13 1 ** Public utilities f PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance 100 98 100 100 100 96 100 100 93 88 50 - 98 94 98 98 98 43 98 95 43 44 18 100 99 100 100 100 99 100 100 96 98 76 1 Services All a industries Manufacturing 100 96 100 100 100 80 100 100 77 72 56 94 65 93 88 95 49 95 94 45 44 11 5 5 7 7 5 8 96 58 98 89 99 47 98 98 43 40 10 8 8 11 2 2 Public . utilities T' Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 93 85 93 93 93 77 93 93 74 66 25 92 80 87 87 92 46 92 87 40 43 4 62 31 62 67 60 22 67 67 10 11 7 H O L ID A Y S 4 New Y e a r *s Day -----------------------------------------------------W ash in gton ’ s B irth da y ------------------------------------------D e co ra tio n Day -------------------------------------------------------July 4th --------------------------------------------------------------------L ab or Day ---------------------------------------------------------------V e t e r a n s ' Day ----------------------------------------------------------Thanks givin g -----------------------------------------------------------C h r is tm a s -----------------------------------------------------------------P a t r io t s ' Day ---------------------------------------------------------C olu m b us D ay ----------------------------------------------------------Bunker H ill D a y -------------------------------------------------------E le c tio n D ay -------------------------------------------------------------Day (d esign ated ea ch y e a r ) ---------------------------------Va d ay, C h r is tm a s E v e ----------------------------------------Va d ay, C olu m b us Day ----------------------------------------Va d ay, Bunker H ill Day -------------------------------------Va d ay, V e t e r a n s ' Day ------------------------------------------- 100 99 100 100 100 97 100 100 90 95 28 - - 54 7 - - ** 56 ** 39 - 20 - - 13 5 2 3 100 92 98 98 100 82 100 100 74 82 21 - 45 - 6 11 7 - - 32 31 - 1 Estimates relate to holidays provided annually. a Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. All combinations of full and half days that add to the same amount are combined; for example the proportion of workers receiving a total of 7 days includes those with 7 full days and no half days, 6 full days and 2 half days, 5 full days and 4 half days, and so on. 4 Only the holidays or half-day holidays provided to at least 4 percent of the office or plant workers in the area are shown in this tabulation. Full-day holidays applying to lesser pro portions of the workers were mainly religious holidays. Half-day holidays applying to lesser proportions were generally granted in nonmanufacturing establishments in lieu of full-day holidays listed above. ** Less than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. f t Finance, insurance, and real estate. 19 Table B-7: Paid Vacations PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS1 EMPLOYED IN— PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— V ac ation p o lic y A ll w o rk ers ... _. All industries Manufacturing Public , utilitiesT Wholesale trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 1 - 100 99 ** - 100 85 15 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 1.00 89 10 1 100 84 14 1 100 88 12 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 87 13 - - - - - “ - - 2 48 8 27 1 57 8 12 34 1 55 _ 41 20 6 72 2 5 37 6 45 59 11 15 4 ** 91 5 5 _ 92 3 2 1 97 _ 3 _ 97 _ 18 _ 82 - - - - - - 1 _ 90 2 6 2 _ 93 2 3 1 _ 99 _ _ 2 _ 98 _ . - - - 1 _ 89 2 7 2 _ 93 2 3 - ** 67 5 28 Retail trade Finance "ft Services All , industries Manufacturing Public . utilities T Wholesale trade Retail trade Services M ETHOD OF P A YM E N T W o r k e r s in esta b lish m e n ts p roviding paid v a catio n s ____________ _____________ _____ _____ L e n g t h -o f-tim e p a y m e n t---------------------------------P e r c e n ta g e p a y m e n t-------------------------------------O t h e r ______________________________________________ W o r k e r s in e sta b lish m e n ts providing no paid v a catio n s ______________ ______ ________ - - - - 22 31 1 4 36 18 1 ** «. 32 2 45 14 29 13 7 55 4 40 1 ** 74 6 19 1 8 3 89 - - - 31 16 51 1 ** ** 45 27 26 1 1 7 1 92 - - - 17 15 65 1 1 ** 23 25 49 1 2 7 88 5 1 82 3 14 ** 1 87 5 7 95 5 - * " A M O U N T O F V A C A T IO N P A Y 2 A fte r 6 m onths of s e r v ic e L e s s than 1 w e e k _______________________________ __ 1 w e e k ____________________ _________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w eeks _______________________ 2 w eeks ---------------------------------------------------------------- __ _ _ - _ - 1 11 2 1 32 61 7 20 80 - 83 17 ** - - 19 1 74 7 1 98 1 - 45 55 ** - - 9 4 80 1 98 1 - 38 61 ** - - 1 59 40 93 _ 7 - - 70 - A fte r 1 y e a r of se r v ic e 1 w e e k ________________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w eeks _______________________ 2 w eeks ____________ ________________________________ 3 w eeks ______________________________________________ O v e r 4 w eeks _______________________ _________ _ _ 91 9 - 11 81 8 - A fte r 2 y e a r s of se r v ic e 1 w e e k ________________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w eeks _______________________ ____________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ________________________ 3 w e e k s ___ __ _ ________ __________________ ____ O v e r 4 w eeks _______________ ______________________ 99 1 _ _ _ 85 2 13 4 72 13 10 - - - - 1 _ 98 _ 1 2 _ 98 _ > _ 99 1 _ - - - - 86 2 11 1 96 3 2 98 _ 53 47 " - - I _ A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ________________________________________________ O v e r 1 and under 2 w e e k s ________________________ 2 w eeks ______________________________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s _____________ _________ 3 w eeks _ _________________ _______________________ O v e r 4 w eeks ____________________ ________________ _ _ 85 2 13 3 57 13 26 - - " - 7 A fte r 5 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k ________________________________ _________ __ 2 w eeks ___ ____ ________ _______________ ________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w eeks _______________________ 3 w eeks __________________ ______________________ O v e r 4 w eeks ____________________________________ __ " See footn otes at end of ta b le . t T r a n sp o r ta tio n (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), c o m m u n ic a tio n , t f F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e . NOTE: _ _ 44 8 48 - _ 46 13 40 - _ 8 85 _ _ 7 O ccu p ation al W age S u r v e y , B o sto n , M a s s . , S ep te m b er 1957 and other public u tilit ie s . U . S. D E P A R T M E N T OF LA B O R B u re au of L a b o r S ta tistic s In the tabu lations of vacation allo w a n ces by y e a rs of s e r v ic e , p aym ents other than " 1en g th -o f-tim e, " such as p ercen tage of annual ea rn in g s or f la t -s u m p a y m e n ts, w ere con ve rte d to an equ ivalent tim e b a s i s ; fo r e x a m p le , a paym ent of 2 p ercen t of annual ea rn in g s was c o n sid ere d as 1 w e e k 's p ay. _ 20 Table B-7: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— V acation p o lic y All industries Manufacturing Public j. utilities T PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Wholesale trade Retail trade Financett 2 68 _ _ 26 40 Services All j industries Manufacturing Public . utilities] Wholesale trade Retail trade Services A fte r 10 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ ** _ 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ 49 4 43 79 _ _ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s _________ ____________ 3 w eeks _ ______________________________________ _ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s _______________________ 4 w eeks ____ ____________________________________ _ O v e r 4 w eeks ________________________ __ _______ _ 61 1 _ 19 39 4 2 . _ " - - _ _ 20 _ 10 - 30 44 65 56 _ _ _ _ 36 _ _ 3 - - - - 1 1 67 3 78 5 14 21 1 7 ** _ 65 _ 35 8 1 _ 64 4 17 35 84 36 16 _ _ 28 _ _ _ 2 1 _ _ _ _ - - 7 - - _ _ _ 8 18 _ 1 8 _ 71 100 67 61 29 - - 7 - 1 - A fte r 15 y e a r s of s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _______________________________________________ _ _____________ ___________________________ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w eeks ---------- --------------------------------------------O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s ___________________ 4 w eeks ______________________________________ O v e r 4 w eeks ________________________________ 2 w eeks ** _ _ 2 _ _ _ 1 1 12 2 16 2 6 _ _ 7 5 29 - 22 1 25 - _ 26 82 83 98 73 57 88 68 68 - - 2 69 3 37 _ - 2 - - 4 - 3 - - - - - - - 7 ** _ 2 2 26 _ 12 3 _ 7 _ 77 _ 1 _ _ 30 _ - - A fte r 20 y e a rs of s e r v ic e 1 \x/ao\c 2 w eeks _____________________________________________ O v e r 2 and unde? 3 w e e k s _______________________ 3 w eeks ________ ___________________________________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s _______________________ 4 w eeks _____________________________________________ O v e r 4 w eeks ___________________________ ____ ** 11 _ _ - 1 21 1 25 66 2 68 3 10 3 _ _ 83 97 60 56 _ _ _ 12 3 1 13 41 16 3 - - - - - - - ** _ _ 13 _ 2 _ 2 8 24 3 _ _ _ _ _ 70 59 41 42 68 1 57 _ _ _ 16 57 58 3 2 20 _ _ 29 _ 77 _ 68 _ 1 1 _ _ 8 1 _ 18 4 71 100 57 60 29 10 35 7 " ** " _ - _ 1 29 20 1 24 1 _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - A fte r 25 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e 1 w e e k _____________________________________ _ 2 w eeks _______ ___________________________ _ O v e r 2 and under 3 w e e k s ___________________ 3 w eeks ______________________ _____________ O v e r 3 and under 4 w e e k s _____________ __ ____ 4 w eeks ________________________________ __ _ O v e r 4 w eeks ______________________________ _ 1 2 _ 57 - 72 _ _ _ 35 15 28 - Includes data fo r r e a l e sta te in addition to those in d u stry d iv isio n s shown se p a r a te ly . P e r io d s of s e r v ic e w ere a r b it r a r ily ch osen and do not n e c e s s a r ily r e f le c t the individual p r o v isio n s fo r p r o g r e s s io n s . s e r v ic e include ch an ges in p r o v isio n s o c c u r r in g b etw een 5 and 10 y e a r s . * * L e s s than 0 . 5 p e r c e n t. t T r a n sp o rta tio n (exclud ing r a ilr o a d s ), c o m m u n ic a tio n , and other public u tilitie s , f t F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s ta te . ** 8 1 . 15 _ 2 _ 71 _ 59 3 76 _ 56 _ 24 - 13 24 10 41 _ 5 F o r e x a m p le , 60 7 the ch anges in p ro p ortion s in d icated at 10 y e a r s ' 21 Table B-8: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans P E R C E N T O F O F F IC E W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — P E R C E N T O F P L A N T W O R K E R S E M P L O Y E D IN — Type of plan A ll industries All workers ____________ _________ _______ M anufacturing Pu blic . utilities! Wholesale R etail trade Finance t t Services A ll . industries M anufacturing Pu blic , utilities! Wholesale trade R e tail trade Services 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 89 96 85 86 96 60 88 87 93 84 90 90 Workers in establishments providing: Life insurance___ ______________________ Accidental death and dismemberment insurance ________________________________ Sickness and accident insurance or sick leave or both 2 _________________ Sickness and accident insurance_______ Sick leave (full pay and no waiting period) ____________________ __ Sick leave (partial pay or waiting period_____________________ ___ Hospitalization insurance _________________ Surgical insurance _______________________ Medical insurance __ ___________________ Catastrophe insurance ___________ __ ___ Retirement pension____ __ ____ ____ ___ No health, insurance, or pension p l a n ___ 51 59 89 44 48 46 16 59 59 78 40 52 77 77 42 93 64 99 25 72 41 97 70 54 22 90 32 94 79 94 89 100 28 69 45 97 79 90 78 63 73 90 70 45 52 52 14 5 34 43 26 11 3 80 79 52 29 77 ** 4 85 83 65 12 73 1 1 42 42 9 6 95 81 83 41 24 65 2 21 61 55 34 3 54 - 11 78 74 45 3 59 1 7 88 87 53 4 59 1 50 44 44 17 1 88 10 70 75 37 9 55 6 9 65 60 40 1 61 4 79 49 23 ** 16 1 - 93 93 59 58 89 ** 50 43 38 8 58 1 Includes data for real estate in addition to those industry divisions shown separately. Unduplicated total of workers receiving sick leave or sickness and accident insurance shown separately below. Sick leave plans are limited to those which definitely establish at least the minimum number of days' pay that can be expected by each employee. Informal sick leave allowances determined on an individual basis are excluded. ** Less than 0 .5 percent. t Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, t t Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, Boston, M a ss., September 1957 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 2 2 Appendix: Job Descriptions The primary purpose of preparing job descriptions for the Bureau's wage surveys is to assist its field staff in classifying into appropriate occupations workers who are employed under a variety of payroll titles and different work arrangements from establishment to establishment and from area to area. This is essential in order to permit the grouping of occupational wage rates representing comparable job content. Because of this emphasis on inter establishment and interarea comparability of occupational content, the Bureau's job descriptions may differ signifi cantly from those in use in individual establishments or those prepared for other purposes. In applying these job descriptions, the Bureau's field representatives are instructed to exclude work ing supervisors, apprentices, learners, beginners, trainees, handicapped workers, part-time, temporary, and probationary workers. O ffic e BILLER, MACHINE Prepares statements, bills, and invoices on a machine other than an ordinary or electromatic typewriter. May also keep records as to billings or shipping charges or perform other clerical work in cidental to billing operations. For wage study purposes, billers, machine, are classified by type of machine, as follows: Biller, machine (billing machine) - Uses a special billing machine (Moon Hopkins, Elliott Fisher, Burroughs, etc. , which are combination typing and adding machines) to prepare bills and invoices from customers' purchase orders, internally prepared orders, shipping memoranda, etc. Usually involves application of predetermined discounts and shipping charges and entry of necessary extensions, which may or may not be computed on the billing machine, and totals which are automatically accumulated by machine. The operation usually involves a large number of carbon copies of the bill being prepared and is often done on a fanfold machine. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) - Uses a bookkeeping machine (Sundstrand, Elliott Fisher, Remington Rand, etc. , which may or may not have typewriter keyboard) to prepare customers* bills as part of the accounts receivable operation. Generally involves the simultaneous entry of figures on customers* ledger record. The machine automatically accumulates figures on a number of vertical columns and computes and usually prints auto matically the debit or credit balances. Does not involve a knowl edge of bookkeeping. Works from uniform and standard types of sales and credit slips. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates a bookkeeping machine (Remington Rand, Elliott Fisher, Sundstrand, Burroughs, National Cash Register, with or with out a typewriter keyboard) to keep a record of business transactions. BOOKKEEPING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued Class A - Keeps a set of records requiring a knowledge of and experience in basic bookkeeping principles and familiarity with the structure of the particular accounting system used. Deter mines proper records and distribution of debit and credit items to be used in each phase of the work. May prepare consolidated reports, balance sheets, and other records by hand. Class B - Keeps a record of one or more phases or sections of a set of records usually requiring little knowledge of basic book keeping. Phases or sections include accounts payable, payroll, customers* accounts (not including a simple type of billing described under biller, machine), cost distribution, expense distribution, in ventory control, etc. May check or assist in preparation of trial balances and prepare control sheets for the accounting department. CLERK, ACCOUNTING Class A - Under general direction of a bookkeeper or account ant, has responsibility for keeping one or more sections of a com plete set of books or records relating to one phase of an establish ment *s business transactions. Work involves posting and balancing subsidiary ledger or ledgers such as accounts receivable or a c counts payable; examining and coding invoices or vouchers with proper accounting distribution; requires judgment and experience in making proper assignations and allocations. May assist in preparing, adjusting, and closing journal entries; may direct class B accounting clerks. Class B - Under supervision, performs one or more routine accounting operations such as posting simple journal vouchers, accounts payable vouchers, entering vouchers in voucher registers; reconciling bank accounts; posting subsidiary ledgers controlled by general ledgers. This job does not require a knowledge of accounting and bookkeeping principles but is found in offices in which the more routine accounting work is subdivided on a func tional basis among several workers. 23 CLERK, FILE Class A - Responsible for maintaining an established filing system. Classifies and indexes correspondence or other material; may also file this material. May keep records of various types in conjunction with files or supervise others in filing and locating material in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. Class B - Performs routine filing, usually of material that has already been classified, or locates or assists in locating m a terial in the files. May perform incidental clerical duties. CLERK, ORDER Receives customers' orders for material or merchandise by mail, phone, or personally. Duties involve any combination of the following: Quoting prices to customers; making out an order sKeet listing the items to make up the order; checking prices and quantities of items on order sheet; distributing order sheets to respective de partments to be filled. May check with credit department to deter mine credit rating of customer, acknowledge receipt of orders from customers, follow up orders to see that they have been filled, keep file of orders received, and check shipping invoices with original orders. KEY-PUNCH OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory responsi bilities, records accounting and statistical data on tabulating cards by punching a series of holes in the cards in a specified sequence, using an alphabetical or a numerical key-punch machine, following written information on records. May duplicate cards by using the duplicating device attached to machine. Keeps files of punch cards. May verify own work or work of others. OFFICE BOY OR GIRL Performs various routine duties such as running errands, operating minor office machines such as sealers or m ailers, opening and distributing mail, and other minor clerical work. SECRETARY Performs secretarial and clerical duties for a superior in an administrative or executive position. Duties include making appoint ments for superior; receiving people coming into office; answering and making phone calls; handling personal and important or confi dential mail, and writing routine correspondence on own initiative; taking dictation (where transcribing machine is not used) either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, and transcribing dicta tion or the recorded information reproduced on a transcribing machine. May prepare special reports or memoranda for information of superior. CLERK, PAYROLL STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL Computes wages of company employees and enters the neces sary data on the payroll sheets. Duties involve: Calculating workers' earnings based on time or production records; posting calculated data on payroll sheet, showing information such as worker's name, working days, time, rate, deductions for insurance, and total wages due. May make out paychecks and assist paymaster in making up and dis tributing pay envelopes. May use a calculating machine. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a normal routine vocabulary, and to transcribe this dictation on a type writer. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work (see transcribing-machine operator). COMPTOMETER OPERATOR STENOGRAPHER, TECHNICAL Primary duty is to operate a Comptometer to perform mathe matical computations. This job is not to be confused with that of statistical or other type of clerk, which may involve frequent use of a Comptometer but, in which, use of this machine is incidental to performance of other duties. Primary duty is to take dictation from one or more persons, either in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine, involving a varied technical or specialized vocabulary such as in legal briefs or reports on scientific research and to transcribe this dictation on a typewriter. May also type from written copy. May also set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcribing-machine work. DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR (MIMEOGRAPH OR DITTO) SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR Under general supervision and with no supervisory respon sibilities, reproduces multiple copies of typewritten or handwritten matter, using a mimeograph or ditto machine. Makes necessary ad justment such as for ink and paper feed counter and cylinder speed. Is not required to prepare stencil or ditto master. May keep file of used stencils or ditto masters. May sort, collate, and staple com pleted material. Operates a single- or multiple-position telephone switchboard. Duties involve handling incoming, outgoing, and intraplant or office calls. May record toll calls and take m essages. May give infor mation to persons who call in, or occasionally take telephone orders. For workers who also act as receptionists see switchboard operatorreceptionist. 24 TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR-RECEPTIONIST tion type This time In addition to performing duties of operator, on a single posi or monitor-type switchboard, acts as receptionist and may also or perform routine clerical work as part of regular duties. typing or clerical work may take the major part of this worker's while at switchboard. TABULATING-MACHINE OPERATOR Operates machine that automatically analyzes and translates information punched in groups of tabulating cards and prints trans lated data on forms or accounting records; sets or adjusts machine; does simple wiring of plugboards according to established practice or diagrams; places cards to be tabulated in feed magazine and starts machine. May file cards after they are tabulated. May, in addition, operate auxiliary machines. included. A worker who takes dictation in shorthand or by stenotype or similar machine is classified as a stenographer, general. TYPIST Uses a typewriter to make copies of various material or to make out bills after calculations have been made by another person. May do clerical work involving little special training, such as keep ing simple records, filing records and reports} or sorting and dis tributing incoming mail. Class A - Performs one or more of the following: Typing material in final form from very rough and involved draft; copy ing from plain or corrected copy in which there is a frequent and varied use of technical and unusual words or from foreignlanguage copy; combining material from several sources, or planning layout of complicated statistical tables to maintain uni formity and balance in spacing; typing tables from rough draft in final form. May type routine form letters, varying details to suit circumstances. TRANSCRIBING-MACHINE OPERATOR, GENERAL Primary duty is to transcribe dictation involving a normal routine vocabulary from transcribing machine records. May also type from written copy and do simple clerical work. Workers tran scribing dictation involving a varied technical or specialized vocabu lary such as legal briefs or reports on scientific research are not Professional DRAFTSMAN, JUNIOR (Assistant draftsman) Draws to scale units or parts of drawings prepared by drafts man or others for engineering, construction, or manufacturing pur poses. Uses various types of drafting tools as required. May pre pare drawings from simple plans or sketches, or perform other duties under direction of a draftsman. DRAFTSMAN, LEADER Plans and directs activities of one or more draftsmen in preparation of working plans and detail drawings from rough or pre liminary sketches for engineering, construction, or manufacturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Interpreting blueprints, sketches, and written or verbal orders; determining work procedures; assigning duties to subordinates and inspecting their work; performing more difficult problems. May assist subordinates during Class B - Performs one or more of the following: Typing from relatively clear or typed drafts; routine typing of forms, insurance policies, etc. ; setting up simple standard tabulations, or copying more complex tables already set up and spaced properly. and Technical DRAFTSMAN, LEADER - Continued emergencies or as a regular assignment, or perform related duties of a supervisory or administrative nature. DRAFTSMAN, SENIOR Prepares working plans and detail drawings from notes, rough or detailed sketches for engineering, construction, or manu facturing purposes. Duties involve a combination of the following: Preparing working plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc. , to scale by use of drafting instruments; making engineering computa tions such as those involved in strength of materials, beams and trusses; verifying completed work, checking dimensions, materials to be used, and quantities; writing specifications, making adjustments or changes in drawings or specifications. May ink in lines and letters on pencil drawings, prepare detail units of complete drawings, or trace drawings. Work is frequently in a specialized field such as architectural, electrical, mechanical, or structural drafting. 25 NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) NURSE, INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) - Continued A registered nurse who gives nursing service to ill or injured employees or other persons who become ill or suffer an accident on the premises of a factory or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Giving first aid to the ill or injured; attending to subsequent dressing of employees1 injuries; keeping records of patients treated; preparing accident reports for compensation or other purposes; conducting physical examinations and health evaluations of applicants and employees; and planning and carrying out programs involving health education, accident prevention, evaluation of plant environment, or other activities affecting the health, welfare, and safety of all personnel. Mai nt enance TRACER Copies plans and drawings prepared by others, by placing tracing cloth or paper over drawing and tracing with pen or pencil. Uses T-square, compass, and other drafting tools. May prepare simple drawings and do simple lettering. a d Powerpl ant CARPENTER, MAINTENANCE ENGINEER, STATIONARY Performs the carpentry duties necessary to construct and maintain in good repair building woodwork and equipment such as bins, cribs, counters, benches, partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, and trim made of wood in an establishment. Work involves most of the following; Planning and laying out of work from blueprints, draw ings, models, or verbal instructions; using a variety of carpenter*s handtools, portable power tools, and standard measuring instruments; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; selecting materials necessary for the work. In general, the work of the maintenance carpenter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent train ing and experience. Operates and maintains and may also supervise the operation of stationary engines and equipment (mechanical or electrical) to sup ply the establishment in which employed with power, heat, refrigera tion, or air conditioning. Work involves: Operating and maintaining equipment such as steam engines, air compressors, generators, mo tors, turbines, ventilating and refrigerating equipment, steam boilers and boiler-fed water pumps; making equipment repairs; keeping a record of operation of machinery, temperature, and fuel consump tion. May also supervise these operations. Head or chief engineers in establishments employing more than one engineer are excluded. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE Performs a variety of electrical trade functions such as the installation, maintenance, or repair of equipment for the generating, distribution, or utilization of electric energy in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Installing or repairing any of a variety of electrical equipment such as generators, transformers, switchboards, controllers, circuit breakers, motors, heating units, conduit systems, or other transmission equipment; working from blue prints, drawings, layout, or other specifications; locating and diag nosing trouble in the electrical system or equipment; working standard computations relating to load requirements of wiring or electrical equipment; using a variety of electrician*s handtools and measuring and testing instruments. In general, the work of the maintenance electrician requires rounded training and experience usually ac quired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. FIREMAN, STATIONARY BOILER Fires stationary boilers to furnish the establishment in which employed with heat, power, or steam. Feeds fuels to fire by hand or operates a mechanical stoker, gas, or oil burner; checks water and safety valves. May clean, oil, or assist in repairing boilerroom equipment. HELPER, TRADES, MAINTENANCE Assists one or more workers in the skilled maintenance trades, by performing specific or general duties of lesser skill, such as keeping a worker supplied with materials and tools; cleaning work ing area, machine, and equipment; assisting worker by holding ma terials or tools; performing other unskilled tasks as directed by jour neyman. The kind of work the helper is permitted to perform varies from trade to trade: In some trades the helper is confined to sup plying, lifting, and holding materials and tools, and cleaning working areas; and in others he is permitted to perform specialized machine operations, or parts of a trade that are also performed by workers on a full-time basis. 26 MACHINE-TOOL OPERATOR, TOOLROOM MECHANIC, MAINTENANCE Specializes in the operation of one or more types of machine tools, such as jig borers, cylindrical or surface grinders, engine lathes, or milling machines in the construction of machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fixtures, or dies. Work involves most of the following: Planning and performing difficult machining operations; processing items requiring complicated setups or a high degree of accuracy; using a variety of precision measuring instruments; selecting feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; making necessary adjust ments during operation to achieve requisite tolerances or dimensions. May be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. For cross-industry wage study purposes, machine-tool operators, toolroom, in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Repairs machinery or mechanical equipment of an establish ment. Work involves most of the following: Examining machines and mechanical equipment to diagnose source of trouble; dismantling or partly dismantling machines and performing repairs that mainly involve the use of handtools in scraping and fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts with items obtained from stock; ordering the production of a replacement part by a machine shop or sending of the machine to a machine shop for major repairs; preparing written specifications for major repairs or for the production of parts ordered from machine shop; reassembling machines; and making all necessary adjustments for operation. In general, the work of a maintenance’ mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Excluded from this classification are workers whose primary duties involve setting up or adjusting machines. MACHINIST, MAINTENANCE MILLWRIGHT Produces replacement parts and new parts in making repairs of metal parts of mechanical equipment operated in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Interpreting written instruc tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a va riety of m achinists handtools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relat ing to dimensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds of machining; knowledge of the working properties of the common metals; selecting standard materials, parts, and equipment required for his work; fitting and assembling parts into mechanical equipment. In general, the machinists work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Installs new machines or heavy equipment and dismantles and installs machines or heavy equipment when changes in the plant lay out are required. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of the work; interpreting blueprints or other specifications; using a variety of handtools and rigging; making standard shop com putations relating to stresses, strength of materials, and centers of gravity; alining and balancing of equipment; selecting standard tools, equipment, and parts to be used; installing and maintaining in good order power transmission equipment such as drives and speed re ducers. In general, the millwright’ s work normally requires a rounded training and experience in the trade acquired through a formal appren ticeship or equivalent training and experience. OILER MECHANIC, AUTOMOTIVE (MAINTENANCE) Repairs automobiles, buses, motortrucks, and tractors of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Examining automotive equipment to diagnose source of trouble; disassembling equipment and performing repairs that involve the use of such handtools as wrenches, gauges, drills, or specialized equipment in dis assembling or fitting parts; replacing broken or defective parts from stock; grinding and adjusting valves; reassembling and installing the various assemblies in the vehicle and making necessary adjustments; alining wheels, adjusting brakes and lights, or tightening body bolts. In general, the work of the automotive mechanic requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship or equivalent training and experience. Lubricates, with oil or grease, the moving parts or wearing surfaces of mechanical equipment of an establishment. PAINTER, MAINTENANCE Paints and redecorates walls, woodwork, and fixtures of an establishment. Work involves the following: Knowledge of surface peculiarities and types of paint required for different applications; preparing surface for painting by removing old finish or by placing putty or filler in nail holes and interstices; applying paint with spray gun or brush. May mix colors, oils, white lead, and other paint ingredients to obtain proper color or consistency. In general, the work of the maintenance painter requires rounded training and ex perience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equiva lent training and experience. 27 SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE - Continued PIPEFITTER, MAINTENANCE Installs or repairs water, steam, gas, or other types of pipe and pipefittings in an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Laying out of work and measuring to locate position of pipe from drawings or other written specifications; cutting various sizes of pipe to correct lengths with chisel and hammer or oxyacetylene torch or pipe-cutting machine; threading pipe with stocks and dies; bending pipe by hand-driven or power-driven machines; assembling pipe with couplings and fastening pipe to hangers; making standard shop computations relating to pressures, flow, and size of pipe re quired; making standard tests to determine whether finished pipes meet specifications. In general, the work of the maintenance pipefitter requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Workers primarily engaged in installing and repairing building sanitation or heating systems are excluded, PLUMBER, MAINTENANCE Keeps the plumbing system of an establishment in good order. Work involves: Knowledge of sanitary codes regarding installation of vents and traps in plumbing system; installing or repairing pipes and fixtures; opening clogged drains with a plunger or plumber's snake. In general, the work of the maintenance plumber requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprentice ship 6r equivalent training and experience. SHEET-METAL WORKER, MAINTENANCE Fabricates, installs, and maintains in good repair the sheetmetal equipment and fixtures (such as machine guards, grease pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, ventilators, chutes, ducts, metal roofing) of an establishment. Work involves most of the following: Planning Custodial and TOOL AND DIE MAKER (Diemaker; jig maker; toolmaker; fixture maker; gauge maker) Constructs and repairs machine-shop tools, gauges, jigs, fix tures or dies for forgings, punching and other metal-forming work. Work involves most of the following: Planning and laying out of work from models, blueprints, drawings, or other oral and written specifi cations; using a variety of tool and die maker's handtools and precision measuring instruments; understanding of the working properties of common metals and alloys; setting up and operating of machine tools and related equipment; making necessary shop computations relating to dimensions of work, speeds, feeds, and tooling of machines; heattreating of metal parts during fabrication as well as of finished tools and dies to achieve required qualities; working to close tolerances; fitting and assembling of parts to prescribed tolerances and allow ances; selecting appropriate materials, tools, and processed. In general, the tool and die maker's work requires a rounded training in machine-shop and toolroom practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. For cross-industry wage study purposes, tool and die makers in tool and die jobbing shops are excluded from this classification. Material ELEVATOR OPERATOR, PASSENGER Transports passengers between floors of an office building, apartment house, department store, hotel or similar establishment. Workers who operate elevators in conjunction with other duties such as those of starters and janitors are excluded. GUARD Performs routine police duties, either at fixed post or on tour, maintaining order, using arms or force where necessary. In cludes gatemen who are stationed at gate and check on identity of employees and other persons entering. and laying out all types of sheet-metal maintenance work from blue prints, models, or other specifications; setting up and operating all available types of sheet-metal-working machines; using a variety of handtools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitting, and assem bling; installing sheet-metal articles as required. In general, the work of the maintenance sheet-metal worker requires rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. Movement JANITOR, PORTER, OR CLEANER (Sweeper; charwoman; janitress) Cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of an office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. Duties involve a combination of the following: Sweeping, mopping or scrubbing, and polishing floods; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furniture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor maintenance services; cleaning lavatories, showers, and restrooms. Workers who specialize in window washing are excluded. 28 LABORER, MATERIAL HANDLING (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; shelver; trucker; stockman or stock helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or more of the following: Loading and unloading various materials and merchan dise on or from freight cars, trucks, or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting materials or merchandise by hand truck, car, or wheelbarrow. Longshoremen, who load and unload ships are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK - Continued other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments; maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, workers are classified as follows: Receiving clerk Shipping clerk Shipping and receiving clerk TRUCKDRIVER ORDER FILLER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) Fills shipping or transfer orders for finished goods from stored merchandise in accordance with specifications on sales slips, custom ers1 orders, or other instructions. May, in addition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of out going orders, requisition additional stock, or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. Drives a truck within a city or industrial area to transport materials, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: Manufacturing plants, freight depots, ware houses, wholesale and retail establishments, or between retail estab lishments and customers* houses or places of business. May also load or unload truck with or without helpers, make minor mechanical repairs, and keep truck in good working order. Driver-salesmen and over-the-road drivers are excluded. For wage study purposes, truckdrivers are classified by size and type of equipment, as follows: (Tractor-trailer should be rated on the basis of trailer capacity. ) PACKER, SHIPPING Prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in shipping containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size, and number of units to be packed, the type of container employed, and method of shipment. Work requires the placing of items in shipping containers and may involve one or more of the following: Knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content; selection of appropriate type and size of container; inserting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing container; applying labels or entering identifying data on container. Packers who also make wooden boxes or crates are excluded. SHIPPING AND RECEIVING CLERK Prepares merchandise for shipment, or receives and is re sponsible for incoming shipment of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: A knowledge of shipping procedures, prac tices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and pre paring records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, post ing weight and shipping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work involves: Verifying or directing others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or Truckdriver Truckdriver, Truckdriver, Truckdriver, Truckdriver, (combination of sizes listed separately) light (under l */2 tons) medium (I 72 to and including 4 tons) heavy (over 4 tons, trailer type-) heavy (over 4 tons, other thantrailer type) TRUCKER, POWER Operates a manually controlled gasoline- or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other establishment. For wage study purposes, workers are classified by type of truck, as follows: Trucker, power (forklift) Trucker, power (other than forklift) WATCHMAN Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and illegal entry. ☆ U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1958 O— 451576 O c c u p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y s O ccupational wage surveys are being conducted in 17 major labor markets during late 1957 and early 1958* B u lletin s, when a v a ila b le , may be purchased from the Superintendent o f D ocum ents, Government Printing O ffic e , Washington 2 5 , D . C ., or from any of the regional s a le s o ffic e s show n. A bulletin for the area liste d below is now a v a ila b le. S eattle, W ash., August 1957 — BLS B ull. 1224-1, price 20 cents
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