The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Occupational Wage Survey ATLANTA, GEORGIA A P R IL 1 9 S 6 B L S B u lle tin N o. 1 1 8 8 -1 8 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Claguo, Commissioner Occupational Wage Survey A T L A N T A , G E O R G IA APRIL 1956 Bulletin No. 1188-18 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR James P. Mitchell, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS Ewan Clague, Commissioner June 1956 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price 25 cents Contents P a g e I n tr o d u c tio n ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 W a g e fo r 3 tr e n d s s e le c t e d o c c u p a tio n a l g r o u p s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- T a b le s : 1 . E s t a b lis h m e n t s 2 . I n d e x e s o f s e le c t e d A : - 1: O ffic e e a r n in g s A - 3 : M a in te n a n c e C u s to d ia l E s t a b lis h m e n t - l : S h ift B -2 : P a id * a n d ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- c le r ic a l p e r c e n t o f a n d a v e r a g e in c r e a s e fo r s t r a ig h t -t im e s e le c t e d h o u r ly e a r n in g s 2 fo r p e r i o d s ____________________________________________ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------o c c u p a t i o n s -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- p o w e r p la n t o c c u p a t i o n s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a n d r a te s w e e k ly o c c u p a tio n s s u p p le m e n ta r y p r b v is io n s w a g e ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ p r o v is io n s * 3 w o m e n o ffic e w o r k e r s 9 10 12 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- 13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 19 S im ila r in 1 9 5 5 d a y s fa llin g w e ll a s o n a r e o f fic e a v a ila b le o p e r a t in g a ls o fo r r e p o r t s o n a v a ila b le b u ild in g fo r in c lu d e d o th e r th e m o s t o n fo llo w in g a n d ite m s 1 9 5 5 . a r e a s , h o te ls (M a y tr a d e s 1 9 5 5 ). o r m o t o r t r u c k w a g e a n d U n io n s c a le s , iii s tu d y la u n d r ie s in d ic a tiv e B u ild in g in th e a ls o a n d A tla n ta o v e r t im e a n d a n d a r e a p r o v id e s p a y th e p a y o f o f p r o v is io n s . p r o v is io n s p r ic e r e p o r t s ta b u la tio n s th e fo r h o li r e p o r t s , r e q u e s t . s u p p le m e n ta r y p o w e r d r iv e r s . o f u p o n 1 9 5 5 ), in d u s t r ie s : r e p o r t p a y m e n ts , d a te a v a ila b le e a r n in g s (J u ly o f a v a ila b le 1 9 5 4 a g r e e m e n t s , in d ic a tin g is a r e T h e fr e q u e n c y d ir e c t o r y m a jo r fo r th e s e a n d la b o r -m a n a g e m e n t d a ta A o f 1 9 5 4 , o c c u p a tio n a l s e r v ic e e m p lo y e e s , p la n s fo r 1 9 5 3 , n o n w o r k d a y s . r e p o r t s a ls o 1 9 5 2 , c h a r a c t e r is t ic s , r e p o r t C u r r e n t a r e a ta b u la tio n s 1 9 5 1 , s t r u c t u r e p e n s io n 14 d e s c r i p t i o n s ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- M a r c h a n d 5 8 - ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____ fo r h o u r s in s u r a n c e , T h e a n d s u r v e y 17 w a g e a s o f o ffic e _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ N O T E : f o r fo r m a t e r ia l-m o v e m e n t h o lid a y s H e a lth , s c o p e g r o u p s , te c h n ic a l e n tr a n c e B -4 : w it h in s a la r ie s - p r a c t ic e s S c h e d u le d J o b a n d d iffe r e n t ia l B -3 : A p p e n d ix : * a n d a n d M in im u m B -6 : w e e k ly o c c u p a t io n s P r o fe s s io n a l B w o r k e r s o c c u p a t io n a l A -2 : A - 4 : B : p la n t O c c u p a t io n a l A a n d s ta n d a r d w a g e a n d o f p r a c t ic e s d r y p r e v a ilin g c o n s t r u c t io n , in c le a n e r s p a y p r in tin g , th e (J u n e A tla n ta 1 9 5 5 ), le v e ls , a r e lo c a l-t r a n s it The C o m m u n i t y W a g e Survey P r o g r a m T h e B u r e a u of L a b o r Statistics regularly conducts a r e a w i d e w a g e surveys in a n u m b e r of important industrial centers. T h e studies, m a d e f r o m late fall to early spring, relate to occupational earnings a n d related s u p p l e m e n t a r y benefits. A preliminary report is available on completion of the study in each area, usually in the m o n t h following the payroll period studied. This bulletin provides additional data not included in the earlier report. A consolidated analytical bulletin s u m m a r i z i n g the results of all of the y e a r ’s surveys is issued after c o m pletion of the final area bulletin for the current round of surveys. Occupational W age Survey - Atlanta, Ga. * I n tr o d u c tio n T h e A t la n ta a r e a is o n e o f s e v e r a l im p o r t a n t in d u s t r ia l c e n t e r s in w h ic h the D e p a r t m e n t o f L a b o r * s B u r e a u o f L a b o r S t a t is t ic s h a s c o n d u c t e d s u r v e y s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e a r n in g s and r e la t e d w a g e b e n e fit s o n an a r e a w id e b a s i s . In e a c h a r e a , data a r e o b ta in e d b y p e r s o n a l v i s i t s o f B u r e a u f i e l d a g e n ts to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in s i x b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s : M a n u fa c tu r in g ; t r a n s p o r t a t io n (e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , c o m m u n ic a t io n , an d o th e r p u b lic u t ilit ie s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f in a n c e , i n s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . M a jo r in d u s t r y g r o u p s e x c lu d e d f r o m th e s e s t u d ie s , b e s id e s r a i l r o a d s , a r e g o v e r n m e n t o p e r a t io n s an d th e c o n s t r u c t io n and e x t r a c t iv e in d u s t r ie s . E s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g f e w e r th an a p r e s c r i b e d n u m b e r o f w o r k e r s a r e o m i t t e d a l s o b e c a u s e th e y fu r n is h in s u ffic ie n t e m p lo y m e n t in the o c c u p a tio n s s t u d ie d to w a r r a n t i n c l u s i o n . *12 W h e r e v e r p o s s i b l e , s e p a r a t e ta b u la tio n s a r e p r o v i d e d f o r e a c h o f th e b r o a d in d u s t r y d i v i s i o n s . O c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t e s t im a t e s r e p r e s e n t the tota l in a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith in the s c o p e o f the s tu d y an d n o t the n u m b e r a c tu a lly s u r v e y e d . B e c a u s e o f d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e a m on g e s t a b lis h m e n t s , the e s t im a t e s o f o c c u p a t io n a l e m p lo y m e n t o b ta in e d f r o m the s a m p le o f e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d s e r v e o n ly to in d ic a t e the r e la t iv e im p o r t a n c e o f the jo b s s t u d ie d . T h e s e d i f f e r e n c e s in o c c u p a t io n a l s t r u c t u r e d o n o t m a t e r i a l l y a f f e c t the a c c u r a c y o f the e a r n in g s d a ta . E s t a b lis h m e n t P r a c t i c e s an d S u p p le m e n ta r y W a g e P r o v is io n s I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d a l s o (in th e B - s e r i e s ta b le s ) on s e le c t e d e s t a b l i s h m e n t p r a c t i c e s an d s u p p le m e n t a r y b e n e fit s as th ey r e la t e to o f f i c e and p la n t w o r k e r s . T h e t e r m " o f f i c e w o r k e r s , " as u s e d in th is b u lle t in , in c lu d e s a ll o f f i c e c l e r i c a l e m p lo y e e s and e x c lu d e s a d m i n is t r a t iv e , e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , and t e c h n ic a l p e r s o n n e l . "P la n t w o r k e r s " in c lu d e w o r k in g f o r e m e n an d a ll n o n s u p e r v is o r y w o r k e r s (in c lu d in g le a d m e n an d t r a i n e e s ) e n g a g e d in n o n o f f ic e fu n c t io n s . A d m in is t r a t iv e , e x e c u t iv e , p r o f e s s i o n a l , an d t e c h n ic a l e m p l o y e e s , and f o r c e a c c o u n t c o n s t r u c t io n e m p lo y e e s w h o a r e u t ili z e d a s a s e p a r a te w o r k f o r c e a r e e x c lu d e d . C a f e t e r ia w o r k e r s and r o u t e m e n a r e e x c lu d e d in m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s , b u t a r e in c lu d e d a s p la n t w o r k e r s in n o n m a n u fa c tu r in g i n d u s t r ie s . T h e s e s u r v e y s a r e c o n d u c t e d o n a s a m p le b a s is b e c a u s e o f the u n n e c e s s a r y c o s t in v o l v e d in s u r v e y in g a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s , an d to in s u r e p r o m p t p u b lic a t io n o f r e s u l t s . T o o b ta in a p p r o p r ia te a c c u r a c y a t m i n i m u m c o s t , a g r e a t e r p r o p o r t i o n o f la r g e than o f s m a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s is s t u d ie d . In c o m b in in g the d a ta , h o w e v e r , a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s a r e g iv e n t h e ir a p p r o p r ia t e w e ig h t . E s t im a t e s b a s e d on the e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d a r e p r e s e n t e d , t h e r e f o r e , a s r e la t in g to a ll e s t a b lis h m e n t s in the in d u s t r y g r o u p in g and a r e a , e x c e p t f o r th o s e b e l o w the m in im u m s i z e s t u d ie d . S h ift d iff e r e n t ia l d a ta (ta b le B - l ) a r e lim it e d to m a n u fa c tu r in g in d u s t r ie s . T h is in fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d b o th in t e r m s o f (a) e s t a b lis h m e n t p o l i c y , 3 p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f to ta l p la n t w o r k e r e m p lo y m e n t , an d (b) e f f e c t i v e p r a c t i c e , p r e s e n t e d on th e b a s i s o f w o r k e r s a c tu a lly e m p lo y e d o n the s p e c i f i e d s h ift at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . In e s t a b lis h m e n t s h a v in g v a r i e d d i f f e r e n t i a l s , th e a m o u n t a p p ly in g to a m a jo r it y w a s u s e d o r , i f n o a m o u n t a p p lie d to a m a j o r i t y , th e c l a s s i f i c a t i o n "o t h e r " w as u se d . O c c u p a t io n s an d E a r n in g s T h e o c c u p a t io n s s e l e c t e d f o r stu d y a r e c o m m o n to a v a r ie t y o f m a n u fa c t u r in g an d n o n m a n u fa c t u r in g in d u s t r i e s . O c c u p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a t io n is b a s e d o n a u n ifo r m s e t o f jo b d e s c r ip t io n s d e s ig n e d to take a c c o u n t o f in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t v a r ia t io n in d u ties w ith in the s a m e jo b ( s e e a p p e n d ix f o r lis t i n g o f t h e s e d e s c r ip t i o n s ) . E a r n in g s d a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d (in the A - s e r i e s t a b le s ) f o r the fo llo w in g ty p e s o f o c c u p a t io n s : (a ) O f f i c e c l e r i c a l ; (b ) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n ic a l; ( c ) m a in t e n a n c e an d p o w e r p la n t ; an d (d) c u s t o d ia l and m a t e r ia l m o v e m e n t . M in im u m e n t r a n c e r a t e s (ta b le B - 2 ) r e la t e o n ly to the e s t a b lis h m e n t s v is it e d . T h e y a r e p r e s e n t e d o n an e s t a b lis h m e n t , r a th e r than on an e m p lo y m e n t b a s i s . S c h e d u le d h o u r s ; p a id h o lid a y s ; p a id v a c a t io n s ; an d h e a lt h , i n s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s a r e tr e a t e d s t a t is t i c a l l y on the b a s i s th at th e s e a r e a p p lic a b le to a ll p la n t o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s i f a m a jo r i t y o f s u c h w o r k e r s a r e e l i g i b l e o r m a y e v e n tu a lly q u a lify f o r the p r a c t i c e s l i s t e d . 4 B e c a u s e o f r o u n d in g , s u m s o f in d i v id u a l it e m s in th e s e ta b u la tio n s do n o t n e c e s s a r i l y e q u a l t o t a ls . D a ta a r e sh o w n f o r f u l l - t i m e w o r k e r s , i . e . , th o s e h ir e d to w o r k a r e g u la r w e e k ly s c h e d u le in the g iv e n o c c u p a t io n a l c l a s s i f i c a t i o n . E a r n in g s d a ta e x c lu d e p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e and f o r w o r k o n w e e k e n d s , h o lid a y s , an d la te s h if t s . N o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u s e s a r e e x c lu d e d a l s o , b u t c o s t - o f - l i v i n g b o n u s e s and in c e n tiv e e a r n in g s a r e i n c lu d e d . W h e r e w e e k ly h o u r s a r e r e p o r t e d , as f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l o c c u p a t io n s , r e f e r e n c e is to the w o r k s c h e d u le s (r o u n d e d to the n e a r e s t h a lf h o u r ) f o r w h ic h s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a la r ie s a r e p a id ; a v e r a g e w e e k l y e a r n in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a t io n s h a v e b e e n rou n d ed to the n e a r e s t h a lf d o l l a r . T h e s u m m a r y o f v a c a t io n p la n s is lim it e d to f o r m a l a r r a n g e m e n t s , e x c lu d in g i n f o r m a l p la n s w h e r e b y t im e o f f w ith p a y is g ra n te d a t the d i s c r e t i o n o f the e m p l o y e r . S e p a r a te e s t im a t e s a r e p r o v id e d 3 A n e s t a b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s i d e r e d as h a v in g a p o l i c y i f it m e t e it h e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d it io n s : ( l ) O p e r a t e d la t e s h ift s at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) h a d f o r m a l p r o v i s i o n s c o v e r in g la te s h ift s . 4 S c h e d u le d w e e k ly h o u r s f o r o f f i c e w o r k e r s ( f i r s t s e c t io n o f ta b le B - 3 ) a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f the p r o p o r t io n o f w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d in o f f i c e s w ith the in d ic a t e d w e e k ly h o u r s f o r w o m e n w ork ers. * T h is r e p o r t w a s p r e p a r e d in the B u r e a u 1s r e g io n a l o f f i c e in A t la n ta , G a . , b y B e r n a r d J . F a h r e s , u n d er the d ir e c t io n o f L o u is B . W o y t y c h , R e g io n a l W a g e a n d I n d u s tr ia l R e la tio n s A n a ly s t. 1 S e e ta b le 1 f o r m i n i m u m - s i z e e s t a b lis h m e n t c o v e r e d . 2 T h e ta b u la tio n o f m in im u m e n tr a n c e r a t e s f o r w o m e n o f f i c e w o r k e r s r e la t e s o n ly to p r o v i s i o n s in e s t a b lis h m e n t s s t u d ie d . 1 2 a c c o r d i n g to e m p lo y e r p r a c t i c e in c o m p u tin g v a c a t io n p a y m e n t s , s u c h as tim e p a y m e n t s , p e r c e n t o f an nual e a r n in g s , o r f l a t - s u m a m o u n ts . H o w e v e r , in the ta b u la tio n s o f v a c a t io n a llo w a n c e s b y y e a r s o f s e r v i c e , p a y m e n ts n o t o n a tim e b a s i s w e r e c o n v e r t e d ; f o r e x a m p le , a p a y m e n t o f 2 p e r c e n t o f an n ual e a r n in g s w a s c o n s i d e r e d a s the e q u iv a le n t o f 1 w eek* s p a y . D a ta a r e p r e s e n t e d f o r a ll h e a lt h , in s u r a n c e , an d p e n s io n p la n s f o r w h ic h at l e a s t a p a r t o f the c o s t is b o r n e b y the e m p l o y e r , e x c e p t in g o n ly le g a l r e q u ir e m e n t s s u c h as w o r k m e n 's c o m p e n s a t io n and s o c i a l s e c u r i t y . S u ch p la n s in c lu d e th o s e u n d e r w r it te n b y a c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n y and th o s e p r o v i d e d th ro u g h a u n io n fu n d o r p a id d i r e c t l y b y the e m p lo y e r ou t o f c u r r e n t o p e r a t in g fu n d s o r f r o m a fund s e t a s id e f o r th is p u r p o s e . D ea th b e n e fit s a r e in c lu d e d as a f o r m o f l if e in s u r a n c e . S ic k n e s s and a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e is lim it e d to th at ty p e o f i n s u r a n c e u n d e r w h ich p r e d e t e r m in e d c a s h p a y m e n ts a r e m a d e d i r e c t l y to the in s u r e d o n a w e e k ly o r m o n th ly b a s i s d u rin g i l l n e s s o r a c c id e n t d is a b ilit y . I n fo r m a t io n is p r e s e n t e d ^or a ll su ch p la n s to w h ich the e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t e s . H o w e v e r , in N e w Y o r k and N ew J e r s e y , w h ich h a v e e n a c te d t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y in s u r a n c e la w s w h ic h r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r i b u t i o n s , 5 p la n s a r e in c l u d i d o n ly i f the e m p lo y e r ( l ) c o n tr ib u t e s m o r e than is le g a ll y r e q u i r e d , o r (2) p r o v i d e s the e m p lo y e e w ith b e n e fit s w h ich e x c e e d th e r e q u ir e m e n t s o f the la w . T a b u la t io n s o f p a id s i c k - l e a v e p la n s a r e li m i t e d to f o r m a l p la n s w h ic h p r o v i d e fu ll p a y o r a p r o p o r t io n o f the w o r k e r 's p a y d u r in g a b s e n c e f r o m w o r k b e ca u se of illn e s s . S e p a r a te ta b u la tio n s a r e p r o v i d e d a c c o r d i n g to ( l ) p la n s w h ich p r o v id e fu ll p a y an d n o w a itin g p e r i o d , and (2 ) p la n s p r o v i d in g e it h e r p a r t ia l p a y o r a w a itin g p e r i o d . In a d d itio n to the p r e s e n t a t io n o f the p r o p o r t io n s o f w o r k e r s w ho a r e p r o v i d e d s i c k n e s s a n d a c c id e n t in s u r a n c e o r p a id s i c k l e a v e , an u n d u p lic a te d t o t a l i s sh o w n o f w o r k e r s w ho r e c e i v e e it h e r o r b o t h ty p e s o f b e n e f it . C a ta s tr o p h e in s u r a n c e , s o m e t i m e s r e f e r r e d to a s e x te n d e d m e d ic a l in s u r a n c e , in c lu d e s t h o s e p la n s w h ic h a r e d e s ig n e d to p r o t e c t e m p lo y e e s in c a s e o f s i c k n e s s an d in ju r y in v o lv in g e x p e n s e s b e y o n d th e n o r m a l c o v e r a g e o f h o s p it a li z a t io n , m e d i c a l , a n d s u r g i c a l p la n s . M e d i c a l in s u r a n c e r e f e r s to p la n s p r o v i d in g f o r c o m p le t e o r p a r t ia l p a y m e n t o f d o c t o r s ' f e e s . S u ch p la n s m a y b e u n d e r w r it t e n b y c o m m e r c i a l in s u r a n c e c o m p a n ie s o r n o n p r o fit o r g a n iz a t i o n s o r th e y m a y b e s e l f in s u r e d . T a b u la tio n s o f r e t i r e m e n t p e n s io n p la n s a r e l im it e d to th o s e p la n s th at p r o v id e m o n th ly p a y m e n ts f o r the r e m a i n d e r o f the w o r k e r 's life . 5 T h e t e m p o r a r y d is a b ilit y la w s in C a lif o r n i a and R h o d e I s la n d do n o t r e q u ir e e m p lo y e r c o n t r ib u t io n s . Table 1: Establishments and workers within scope of survey and number studied in Atlanta, Ga. , 1 by major industry division, April 1956 Industry division Minimumsize establish ment in scope of study 2 Number of establishments Within scope of study Workers in establishments Within scope of study Studied Studied Total3 Office Plant Total 3 All d iv is io n s________________________________________ 51 701 191 161,800 30,700 103,100 103,160 Manufacturing -----------------------------------------------------------Nonmanufacturing -----------------------------------------------------Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities 4 -------Wholesale trade --------------------------------------------------Retail trade ----— ----- — ---------- -—------------------— ---Finance, insurance, and real estate--------------------Services 6 ---------------------------------------------------- --------- 51 51 240 461 60 131 78,000 83,800 7,600 23,100 59,000 44,100 54s220 48,940 51 51 51 51 51 60 128 115 74 84 21 36 33 24 17 20,600 15,600 26,100 12,500. 9,000 i 4,300 5, 100 3,400 8,500 (7) 10,600 7,200 19,500 5 900 (7) 16,340 6,270 16,930 6,420 2,980 1 The Atlanta Metropolitan Area (Cobb, DeKalb, and Fulton Counties). The "workers within scope of study" estimates shown in this table provide a reasonably accurate description of the size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. The estimates are not intended, however, to serve as a basis of comparison with other area employment indexes to measure employment trends or levels since (1) planning of wage surveys requires the use of establishment data compiled consid erably in advance of the pay period studied, and (2) small establishments are excluded from the scope of the survey. Includes all establishments with total employment at or above the minimum-size limitation. All outlets (within the area) of companies in such industries as trade, finance auto repair service, and motion-picture theaters are considered as 1 establishment. 3 Includes executive, technical, professional, and other workers excluded from the separate office and plant categories. 4 Also excludes taxicabs, and services incidental to water transportation. 5 Estimate relates to real estate establishments only. 6 Hotels; personal services; business services; automobile repair shops; radio broadcasting and television; motion pictures; nonprofit membership organization; and engineering and architectural services. 7 This industry division is represented in estimates for "ail industries" and "nonmanufacturing" in the Series A and B tables, although coverage was insufficient to justify separate presentation of data. 3 Wage Trends for Selected Occupational Groups T a b u la t e d b e lo w a r e in d e x e s o f s a la r ie s o f w o m e n o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , an d o f a v e r a g e e a r n in g s o f s e l e c t e d p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s . F o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l w o r k e r s , th e in d e x e s r e la t e to a v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s f o r n o r m a l h o u r s o f w o r k , that i s , th e s ta n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u le f o r w h ic h s t r a i g h t - t i m e s a l a r i e s a r e p a id . F o r p la n t w o r k e r g r o u p s , th e in d e x e s m e a s u r e c h a n g e s in s t r a ig h t -t im e h o u r ly e a r n in g s , e x c lu d in g p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t i m e an d f o r w o r k on w e e k e n d s , h o l i d a y s , an d la te s h if t s . T h e in d e x e s a r e b a s e d on d a ta f o r s e l e c t e d k e y o c c u p a t io n s an d in c lu d e m o s t o f the n u m e r ic a l ly im p o r t a n t jo b s w ith in e a c h g r o u p . E ig h te e n jo b s w e r e in c lu d e d in the o f f i c e c l e r i c a l in d e x ; 10 s k i lle d m a in t e n a n c e jo b s an d 3 u n s k ille d jo b s w e r e in c lu d e d in th e p la n t w o r k e r in d e x e s . S e e fo o t n o t e s to ta b le 2 . A v e r a g e w e e k ly s a l a r i e s o r a v e r a g e h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e c o m p u t e d f o r e a c h o f th e s e l e c t e d o c c u p a t io n s . The a v e r a g e s a l a r i e s o r h o u r ly e a r n in g s w e r e th en m u lt ip lie d b y th e a v e r a g e o f M a r c h 1953 a n d M a r c h 19 54 e m p lo y m e n t in th e jo b . T h e s e w e ig h te d e a r n in g s f o r in d iv id u a l o c c u p a t io n s w e r e th en a d d e d to o b ta in an a g g r e g a t e f o r e a c h o c c u p a t io n a l g r o u p . F in a l l y , th e r a t io o f th e s e g ro u p a g g r e g a t e s f o r a g iv e n y e a r to th e a g g r e g a t e f o r th e b a s e p e r io d (s u r v e y m o n th , w in t e r 1 9 5 2 -5 3 ) w a s c o m p u t e d a n d th e r e s u lt m u lt ip lie d b y the b a s e y e a r in d e x (1 0 0 ) to g e t th e in d e x f o r the g iv e n y e a r . T h e in d e x e s m e a s u r e p r i n c i p a l l y th e e f f e c t s o f ( l ) g e n e r a l s a l a r y an d w a g e c h a n g e s ; (2 ) m e r i t o r o th e r in c r e a s e s in p a y r e c e i v e d b y in d iv id u a l w o r k e r s w h ile in the s a m e jo b ; and (3) la b o r t u r n o v e r o r f o r c e e x p a n s io n o r r e d u c t io n . A f o r c e e x p a n s io n m ig h t i n c r e a s e th e p r o p o r t i o n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s in a s p e c i f i c o c c u p a tio n and r e s u lt in a d r o p in the in d e x , w h e r e a s a r e d u c tio n in the p r o p o r t io n o f lo w e r p a id w o r k e r s w o u ld h a v e the o p p o s it e e f f e c t . The in d e x e s a r e a l s o a f f e c t e d b y s h ift s in th e p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s e m p lo y e d b y e s t a b lis h m e n t s w ith d iffe r e n t p a y l e v e l s . F o r e x a m p le , th e m o v e m e n t o f a h ig h -p a y in g e s t a b lis h m e n t ou t o f an a r e a c o u ld c a u s e the in d e x to d r o p , e v e n th ou gh n o c h a n g e in r a t e s o c c u r r e d in o t h e r a r e a e s t a b lis h m e n t s . T h e u s e o f c o n s ta n t e m p lo y m e n t w e ig h ts e lim in a t e s the e ffe c t s o f c h a n g e s in the p r o p o r t io n o f w o r k e r s r e p r e s e n t e d in e a c h jo b in c lu d e d in th e in d e x . N o r a r e th e in d e x e s in flu e n c e d b y ch a n g e s in s ta n d a r d w o r k s c h e d u le s o r in p r e m iu m p a y f o r o v e r t im e , s in c e th ey a r e b a s e d on p a y f o r s t r a ig h t - t im e h o u r s . In d e x e s f o r the p e r io d 1952 to 1955 f o r w o r k e r s in 17 m a jo r la b o r m a r k e t s , a p p e a r e d in B L S B u ll. 11 7 2 , W a g e s and R e la te d B e n e fit s , 17 L a b o r M a r k e t s , 1 9 5 4 -5 5 . Table 2: Indexes of standard weekly salaries for office c le r ic a l1 and average straight-time hourly earnings for selected plant occupational groups 2 in Atlanta, Ga. , March 1955 and April 1956, and percent of increase for selected periods Industry and occupational group All industries: Office clerica l (women) --------------------------------------Skilled maintenance (men) -------------------- ------------Unskilled plant (m en )------------------------------------------Manufacturing: Office clerica l (w om en)---------------------------------------Skilled maintenance (m e n )-------------------------- -------Unskilled plant (men) —---------------------------------------- Indexes (March 1953 = 100) April March 1955 1956 Percent increases from— March 1953 March 1954 March 1952 to to to March 1955 March 1953 March 1954 March 1952 to April 1956 6.3 5.4 13.6 2 .2 1 2 2 .6 105.2 108.3 107.9 2.9 1.8 3.0 5.3 5.9 5. 5 7.4 7. 1 17.9 22.5 31.3 110.5 113.6 118.9 105.8 108.2 106. 7 4 .4 5.0 11.4 1.9 3. 1 1. 7 3. 8 4.9 4.9 6. 1 6.8 8.4 17.3 21.3 28.9 1 1 1 .8 114. 1 2 Based on data for the following jobs: 1 Based on data for the following jobs: Office clerica l (women): B illers, machine (billing machine) Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A and B Comptometer operators Clerks, file, class A and B Clerks, order Clerks, payroll Key-punch operators Office girls March 1955 to April 1956 Secretaries Stenographers, general Switchboard operators Switchboard operatorreceptionists Tabulating-machine operators Transcribing-machine operators, general Typists, class A and B Skilled maintenance (men): Carpenters Electricians Machinists Mechanics Mechanics, automotive Millwrights Painters Pipefitters Sheet-metal workers Tool and die makers Unskilled plant (men): Janitors, porters, and cleaners Laborers, material handling Watchmen 5 A : O c c u p a t io n a l E a r n in g s Table A-l: Office Occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A p ril 1956) AveBASE S e x , o c c u p a tio n , and in d u s try d iv is io n Number of workers NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME WEEKLY EARNINGS OF $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ * $ $ $ $ S $ t % $ $ $ S % Weekly Weekly 3 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 hours earnings and (Standard) (Standard) under and 35.,.6.0 40. 00 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 60. 00 6 5 .0 0 70. 00 75. 00 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 90. 00 9 5 .0 0 100.00 105.00 110.00 115.00 120.00 125.00 130.00 135.00 M en C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c l a s s A ____________ __________ ________ M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g _ P u b lic u t ilitie s * __________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e ___ R e ta il tra d e _______________________ F in a n ce ** 455 115 340 46 196 37 49 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 4 0 .0 4 1 .5 3 7 .0 $ 8 3 .0 0 8 6 .0 0 8 2 .0 0 9 2 .0 0 8 1 .5 0 7 6 .5 0 7 9 .5 0 C l e r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B ___________ M anufa ctu rin g N on m an u factu rin g W h o le s a le tr a d e __________________ R e ta il tra d e F in a n c e * * __________________________ 568 446 302 37 53 3 9 .5 “ 46 . 0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 1 .5 3 7 .0 6 4 .0 0 6 6 . 6o 6 3 .0 0 6 5 .5 0 5 7 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 C l e r k s , o r d e r ___________________________ M an u factu rin g _ __ ______ N on m an u factu rin g __________ ________ W h o le s a le tr a d e __ __ __ _ 197 53 144 133 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 7 1 .0 0 Y3. 00 7 0 .5 0 7 1 .5 0 C l e r k s , p a y r o ll __________________________ ____ M an u factu rin g 75 52 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 7 2 .0 0 6 8 .5 0 O ffic e b o y s __ __ __ ___________________ _____ _____ ________ M an u factu rin g N on m an u factu rin g ____________________ W h o le s a le tr a d e _____ ___________ F in a n ce * * _________________________ 234 44 190 53 65 3 9 .5 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 9 .5 3 9 .0 4 5 .5 0 4 7 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .0 0 4 3 .0 0 T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s __________ M an u factu rin g ___ _ __ ________ N on m an u factu rin g ____________ _____ P u b lic u tilit ie s * ----------- ---------F in a n ce * * _ __ _____ _____ _____ 159 — 54— 125 26 64 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 3 9 .0 6 8 .0 0 8 3 .0 0 6 4 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 6 0 .5 0 ill - - - - - 1 1 - - - - 13 - 6 4 2 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - 13 1 9 3 - 47 7 40 29 4 4 87 13 74 35 8 - 76 6 70 40 5 25 98 23 75 42 8 16 105 29 76 65 8 2 49 18 31 24 1 - - 16 3 13 9 19 7 12 8 20 5 15 15 24 3 21 21 43 n r 30 30 33 1 32 31 10 6 4 4 6 6 6 - - - - - - - - _ - - 40 1 39 2 24 2 5 27 6 21 - 21 - - 54 10 44 1 19 5 19 80 12 68 7 35 12 9 63 16 47 5 31 8 3 27 18 9 33 6 27 26 45 19 26 26 _ 32 23 9 25 7 18 2 15 10 3 _ _ 1 10 5 4 _ _ _ - _ _ - - - 10 9 5 4 4 2 - - - - - - _ _ - _ . _ - _ _ - . . _ - - - - - - - - - 7 7 2 5 1 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 2 2 5 5 6 5 1 1 1 1 - - - - - _ _ 2 2 5 8 _ 9 8 1 24 6 18 4 11 2 1 39 3 36 20 9 2 4 _ 1 _ _ 1 - _ 10 2 7 . 3 1 2 _ 1 - 2 _ _ 2 _ 2 _ _ - - _ _ - _ ! - - - - 9 1 8 4 4 - - _ - - - - - - - - - 5 3 2 - 1 1 6 6 1 1 10 10 10 7 14 7 2 - 10 6 9 6 4 4 4 4 _ 2 - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - 113 55 4 51 19 14 39 12 27 16 4 11 7 4 1 - 6 2 4 _ _ _ - _ _ - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - 1 1 _ 94 17 43 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4 10 16 26 22 1 21 4 10 14 1 13 1 2 12 2 10 3 5 16 6 10 2 2 7 3 4 1 2 24 19 5 2 3 5 1 4 3 2 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - “ - - 14 6 8 8 6 2 4 2 2 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " - • “ " “ ■ “ “ ■ - - _ _ - - _ 9 9 - - - 4 _ . - 16 - - - - - - - ■ - 4 2 2 10 2 7 16 4 11 26 2 19 51 36 15 3 33 2 31 30 41 15 10 15 4 11 11 8 8 10 10 5 3 7 5 6 6 3 3 28 27 9 18 29 23 14 9 24 24 23 1 - _ 1 . - - 1 ~ ” - i | i - - - - - 1 - 1 - _ _ _ - - - - - | ------- ; — 1 ! ~ W om en B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h i n e ) _____ , M a n u fa ctu rin g _______________________ N on m an u factu rin g _____________ _____ W h o le s a le tr a d e _________________ 181 86 101 62 3 9 .5 “4 0 . 0 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 5 3 .0 0 5 3 .0 0 5 3 .0 0 5 6 .0 0 B i l l e r s , m a c h in e (b ook k eep in g m a c h in e ) ____ _____ _____ _____ _____ N on m an u factu rin g ____________________ 39 35 4 0 .0 ^ 4 o .o 5 1 .5 0 5 0 .5 0 B o o k k e e p in g -m a ch in e o p e r a t o r s , c la s s A _____ ____ _______ __ ___ _______ N on m an u factu rin g __________ ________ W h o le s a le trade ________ _______ F in a n ce ** __________________________ 137 12 0 “ 75 45 3 9 .5 P 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 3 9 .5 6 0 .0 0 5 9 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 5 8 .5 0 - 4 - - - 4 15 2 13 - - - - - 9 - - 9 - - 3 3 3 - See footnote at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, .and real estate. 391880 0 -5 6 - 2 26 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " 35 27 18 9 11 10 5 5 1 - - - - - - - - - “ - - - - “ - ■ - - ~ ■ - Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga., April 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 6 Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A pril 1956) A verage Sex, o c c u p a tio n , W om en a n d in d u s tr y d iv is io n - c la s s B _ ___ __ M a n u fa c tu r in g op era tors, ________________________ __ _ 505 82 4 0 .0 40. 0 $ 5 4 .5 0 5 8 .6 0 __________________________ 423 4 0 .0 5 3 .5 0 __ _ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g $ 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 $ is 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 . 00 6 5 . 0 0 70. 00 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 - - 48 - 18 - 67 37 30 11 30 61 55 105 4 0 .0 6 8 .5 0 - - 23 - 9 14 11 30 6 321 39. 0 6 8 .0 0 - - 3 - 23 - 21 1 47 44 55 2 2 14 29 5 - - 3 14 5 9 _ ____ - - . ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g W h o le s a le tr a d e ____ ___ _ R e ta il tr a d e _____ _______ __ A . - 3 9 .5 6 6 .0 0 - 3 9 .0 6 0 .0 0 - 1 ,4 9 9 it s 3 9 .0 5 3 .5 0 2 40. 0 3 3 . 00 - - - - - - i 3 - - - - - - - - 1 6 1 - 9 5 - " - - - “ ” ■ - 10 7 - 7 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - 332 302 254 175 180 97 56 41 41 8 46 56 16 7 2 11 6 81 59 193 3 9 .0 4 7 .0 0 - 21 77 32 28 22 8 10 2 30 50 20 2 20 1 8 1 18 19 7 2 16 9 6 - 33 . 31 - - - 2 2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - !; - 1 - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ! - - ; 5 10 1 3 - 4 - 3 - - 2 25 - 25 - i . _ . 27 - 1 26 26 15 12 49 27 143 - 446 150 56 9 14 15 19 - 17 --------- 437 136 41 19 9 13 5 12 5 6 70 40 13 12 1 3 - - - - - - 1 - - - - 12 12 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 6 8 2 6 6 12 12 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " “ - - - - - - - “ “ " ■ ■ “ 66 38 32 44 10 3 5 - - - - - - - 3 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - * - ■ ~ 40. 0 3 7 7 00“ - 3 9 .0 4 3 .5 0 8 3 8 .0 5 1 .0 0 - 143 - 142 4 0 .0 4 7 .5 0 - - 81 4 0 .5 4 1 .5 0 8 485 3 9 .0 4 1 .5 0 - 307 3 9 .5 5 0 .5 0 1 4 1 15 36 13 128 284 64 8 8 65 70 75 n r- 3 9 .5 5 2 .0 0 - 49 52 3 9 .5 4 4 .5 0 1 12 1 15 70 35 19 11 42 3 491 3 9 .5 5 8 .5 0 _ 30 80 87 — 12 211 3 9 .5 60766“ ' - 3 - __ 280 3 9 .0 5 7 .5 0 P u b lic u t ilit ie s * ________________________ 87 3 7 .5 6 0 .5 0 - 3 - W h o le s a le tr a d e ________________________ 74 3 9 .0 6 1 .0 0 - 3 6 68 4 0 .0 5 4 .0 0 - - 4 3 9 .5 5 7 .0 0 _ 1 61 147 4 0 .0 6 5 . 00 - - 25 - - 8 5 6 .0 0 - 1 25 61 139 - 4 42 19 18 523 5r 464 ... 3 9 .5 275 3 9 .5 5 7 .0 0 157 3 9 .5 5 4 .0 0 1 50 5 — 91 8~ i r - _ - 1 - - - 1 " - - - - - 1 3 - _ _ - - 1 - - 3 - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - “ ~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ■ - - - ” - - - - - - " - - - ■ - - - - ■ - ■ - - - “ 33 24 52 31 23 7 23 - - - 63 39 35 15 25 21 7 1 2 5 47 - 1 17 17 8 7 2 18 9 4 - - 3 7 17 7 4 10 2 1 - - - - 17 9 6 2 - 2 1 - 17 12 12 - - - 5 - - - “ ■ " * ” 107 96 45 23 10 2 2 2 - - - - - - - 9 98 15 13 6 7 - - - - - - - - - 81 32 17 3 15 - - ■ - ■ - 38 19 9 2 1 ■ - 46 11 6 2 2 ~ 56 2 2 " 51 2 1 - 88 2 1 1 1 i ' i - - 22 --------- 5 “ See footnote at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. - - 194 ” - - 39 15 5 6 .0 0 W h o l e s a l e t r a d e __________________________ ______________________ 7 - - 49 23 - 6 9 .0 0 45 ________________________________ 7 - - 3 9 .0 63 ____________________ - 40. 0 2 68 ___________________________ 1 - $5 77 ________________________________ - | i 184 50 __ - 1 4 - 6 13 - i 2 31 1 — - 6 16 - 3 4 2 - __ 2 12 26 3 1 .5 0 __________________ 31 1 5 0 .0 0 ___________________________ - - 16 3973 ________ - 1 1 5 3 9 .5 R e ta il tr a d e - 2 2 18 264 W h o le sa le tr a d e - - - ------- 1 1 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - - 18 __ M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________ - 3 ___________________________ C om p tom eter o p e ra to rs 7 - 11 8 22 13 - R e t a il t r a d e - 2 30 __ ________ 7 16 - 150 R e t a il t r a d e ________________________________ F in a n c e * * ____ ____ __ _ ________ ___________ 6 11 24 799 43 _________ 2 13 42 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g 20 47 33 8 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - 52 4 4 .5 0 _ - - 208 3 9 .0 p a y r o ll - 1 39 876 C le r k s , “ 85 C l e r k s , f i l e , c l a s s B ___________________________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g _ _____ _ _ ________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - 2 294 - -------- - 42 64 - — - 291 5 3 .0 0 — 7 3 5 2 .5 0 C l e r k s , o r d e r _ __ M a n u fa c tu r in g - 2 24 - 3 9 .0 _______________ | - - 39. 0 W h o le sa le tr a d e - 23 2 ________________ - - - 5 7 .0 0 85 „ - - 17 4 8 .5 0 149 P u b lic u t ilit ie s * - - - - 3 9 .0 ______________________ - - 15 4 1 .0 ________________________ - - 4 0 .0 2 - - 67 194 5 3 .5 0 - 3 355 __________________________________ R e t a il t r a d e ov e r 35 1 ,3 0 1 „ ________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 24 - 85 42 133 ___ _____________________________ c la s s - 32 . C le r k s , a c c o u n tin g , c la s s B _______________ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________ . ________ 7 9 .0 0 7 1 .5 0 132 ________________________________ _ 3 8 .5 - 2 1 3 - 3 9 .5 - 19 19 32 79 70 - - 18 3 - _____ - - - 27 9 - ____ - - - 52 25 - ____ - - 14 8 - ________________________ 2 7 5 0 .5 0 - - 10 6 6 8 .0 0 __________ - - 2 22 3 9 .0 ___________________________ - - 16 8 22 4 0 .0 _______________ - - 24 49 181 A - - 30 6 62 426 c la s s ____ __________ - 55 -------- Z T _______________ ____ - 86 14 _________________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g s 1 3 0 .0 0 $ 3 5 .0 0 and 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 1 1 120 106 - R e t a il tr a d e 9 5 .0 0 * 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 - 118 TO 108 55 ----------7 " - W h o le sa le tr a d e F in a n c e * * s 6 5 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 P u b lic u t ilit ie s * file , lo .o o 5 2 .0 0 M a n u fa c tu r in g C le r k s , 4 5 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 3 9 .5 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g * 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 _ _ ______________ _ a c c o u n t in g , F in a n c e * 4 0 .0 0 $ 5 0 . 00 66 R e ta il t r a d e F in a n c e * * $ 3 5 .0 0 157 W h o le s a le tr a d e F in a n c e * * Weekly hours (Standard) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OF $ W eekly 3 0 .0 0 earnings and (Standard) u n d e r 3 5 .0 0 C o n tin u e d B o o k k e e p in g -m a c h in e C le r k s , Number of workers j ; “ “ 7 Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A pril 1956) Av e r a g e S ex, o c c u p a t io n , a n d in d u s tr y d iv is io n N um ber of workers Weekly hours (Standard) N U M B E R O P W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S OP- Weekly 3 0 .0 0 earnings and (Standard) u n d e r 3 5 .0 0 W om en - or op era tors d it t o ) ______________________ K e y -p u n c h o p e r a t o r s _____ __________ ____ M a n u fa c tu r in g _ P u b lic u tilitie s * _________________________~ W h o le s a le tr a d e _________________________ R e t a il tr a d e O ffic e g ir ls _ _ _ ___ _ ___ ________________ ___ ___________________________ _ _____________________ _______ $ $ 8 5 . 00 9 0 . 0 0 $ $ $ 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 40. 00 4 5 .0 0 50. 00 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 . 00 9 5 . 0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 and - 3 9 7 3 3 9 .0 5 3 .5 0 - 56 59 6 5 .5 0 - 88 1 114 30. 5 29 29 - 87 109 50 7 3 18 6 26 66 9 16 10 11 10 10 390 3 9 .0 5 1 .0 0 - 61 3 9 .0 6 1 .5 0 - 100 3 8 .5 67 3 9 .5 4 8 .5 0 - 5 12 151 3 9 .0 4 7 .5 0 - - 49 3 9 .5 4 4 .5 0 _ 7 70 5 2 .0 0 24 5 3 9 .5 4 4 .5 0 3 9 .5 4 7 .0 0 7 - 65 28 - 21 21 15 7 41 3 9 .0 4 4 .0 0 - 5 24 6 1. 5 1 9 3 9 .5 - _ 12 36 110 9 16 14 12 1 6 4 - - - - 13 28 34 1 i 6 8 8 43 30 5 2 26 29 5 3 - 8 17 2 9 2 1 1 1 9 4 - - - 2 _ - - - - - 1 - 2 - - - - - - 9 - 3 - _ 2 - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - .' - • - - - - - - * i 174 263 234 149 191 80 46 29 10 7 - - - 12 68 10 6 36 23 7 1 6 5 - 3 62 201 ” 126 18 4 - 17 _____________________ 273 3 9 .5 7 1 .0 0 - - - 19 48 34 51 28 34 24 17 ________________________________ 160 3 9 .0 6 6 .5 0 - - 19 7 4 2 20 21 35 20 15 18 9 4 9 3 - ________________ 371 3 9 .0 6 5 .5 0 - - g e n e r a l ________________________ 1, 4 0 6 340 39. 0 3 9 .5 5 9 .5 0 _ 1 6 0 .0 0 - - 12 20 62 1, 0 6 6 261 3 9 .0 5 9 .5 0 1 143 6 2 .5 0 - 69 23 145 3 8 .5 - 28 27 341 3 9 .5 6 3 .5 0 31 34 38 74 F in a n c e * * 95 50 42 26 11 16 1 3 - - - - - - - 241 238 53 40 39 2 4 4 28 - - - - - 1 10 4 - - - j j 87 33 38 9 10 2 8 3 58 69 17 2 4 4 - - 1 ; 2 1 - 2 276 4 2 .0 4 8 .0 0 64 - 36 27 32 30 17 25 30 4 6 2 2 1 1 46 3 6 .5 6 0 .0 0 6 7 4 3 .0 4 5 .5 0 31 - 5 3 19 4 23 6 1 .5 0 30 - 13 3 9 .5 64 - 27 25 6 21 1 4 230 6 - 16 14 12 4 5 " 4 9 6 7 - “ - " - - - - - - “ - “ - - - - “ 11 11 . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 " “ - “ _ “ - “ “ - - 9b 4 0 .0 5 2 .5 0 57 73 58 62 24 9 4 9 .5 0 6 6 4 40. 0 - 27 18 23 2 - - - - - - - - - - - - “ 55 35 - 9 53 2 4 - 15 13 - - - - “ - - “ - - - - - • - “ - - - - - 8 6 2 - 3 - - 8 7 - - - - - - - - - - - “ ■ “ 11 5 10 - 10 “ 5 l “ 2 14 9 - 3 - - - 316 W h o l e s a l e t r a d e ___________________________ 95 4 0 .0 5 3 .5 0 - - 11 24 49 3 8 .5 4 5 .5 0 - 4 17 19 - - 112 89 33 409 W.l> 1 3 9 .0 6 1 .0 0 5 6 .5 0 3 9 .0 5 2 .5 0 '4o.1T 5 4 .0 0 - 5 1 .5 0 - 3 9 .5 ___________________________ 52 357 3 9 .5 5 4 .0 0 _________________________ 138 3 9 .5 5 7 .0 0 __________________________________ 142 3 9 .0 5 2 .0 0 - 30 - 8 22 6 17 3 9 15 12 11 7 1 - - - “ T" 8 12 12 19 13 14 19 13 14 2 10 10 7 89 14 113 98 6 24 2 - 23 75 51 12 6 1 21 19 89 24 96 - 55 25 36 32 15 7 5 2 33 29 13 3 52 1 2 _ - - 8 See footnote at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. - 7 “ - - 1 2 - 1 1 2 - - - 2 1 1 1 - - “ “ - - 1 1 1 - - - - - - - “ “ - - “ " “ - ” - ” - “ - ~ - - “ “ - - - - ■ - “ ~ “ ■ " ■ - “ - “ “ _ - - " “ i 1 - “ - F in a n c e * * W h o le s a le tr a d e - - - 5 4 .0 0 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - - 5 6 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 _ - 6 - 4 9 .0 0 4 0 .0 __________________________________ - 4 - 3 9 .0 4 0 .0 T r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e o p e r a t o r s , g e n e r a l ___ __________ _ ___ ____ 1 2 4 0 .5 37 __ 29 4 - | 63 220 ___ 11 6 2 3 2 29 - M a n u fa c tu r in g 3' ________ ________________ _________________________ ------------ _ - 2 8 11 , - - 7 13 _____ - 1 2 4 74 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - - 1 12 86 op era tors - - 23 55 23 T a b u la tin g -m a c h in e - 4 12 51 26 __________________________________ 1 4 43 47 ____ 5 - 34 50 P u b lic u tilitie s * - 79 24 _ - - - 59 18 _______ - - - 111 1 __ - - - 89 - _ 2 288 - _____ - 50 5 2 .5 0 „ - 336 5 6 .0 0 __ 7 - 2 1 3 25 3 9 .5 _ - 205 3 9 .0 o p e r a t o r - r e c e p t i o n i s t s ____ - - 23 121 M a n u fa c tu r in g - 165 296 __ 7 - 1 2 1 1 5 4 8 ________________________________ _______ J -J 81 __________________________________ _ — 2 1 6 22 N o r tm a n u fa c tu r in g ** ~1T - _ . - 22 ____ i - 26 ________ - - 129 _______ - - 109 23 P u b lic u tilitie s * R e t a il tr a d e - - 16 M a n u fa c tu r in g _ - 18 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ - 2 __ - _ - - 1 __ 1 - - _ - - - — - - 8 2 .0 0 ___ - - 3 8 .5 o p e ra to rs - - I - - - 177 R e t a il tr a d e - - - ______________________ - - “ - 75 __ - - - 161 _________________________ 1 3 187 ____________________ i 3 43 u tilitie s * - - 131 W h o le s a le tr a d e - - 2 __ - - 70 _______ - _ 3 _____________ - _ . 33 M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________ - - _ - N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - - _ 12 ___________ - _ - _ - _ _ - __ - _ _ - 1 - - 3 - F in a n c e * * over 2 2 2 7 0 .0 0 ■4§i 72 - 3 3 - ... 4 3 . 0 0 F in a n c e * * F in a n c e * * 6 1 38 1 3 9 .5 W h o le s a le tr a d e F in a n c e 7 5 . 00 ~W.5 R e t a il tr a d e S w itc h b o a r d 8 0 .0 0 1, 0 6 1 P u b lic u tilitie s * S w it c h b o a r d s 7 5 .0 0 ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g P u b lic $ 6 5 . 0 0 |7 0 . 0 0 7 1 .0 0 M a n u f a c t u r i n g __________________________________ S ten og ra p h ers, l o . 00 465 117 __ __________________________________ _ s 5 5 .0 0 $ 4 8 .5 0 _ W h o le s a le tr a d e S e c r e ta r ie s 5 0 . 00 3 9 .0 __________________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g F in a n c e * * I s . 00 28 75 ___________________________ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g F in a n c e * * 4 0 .0 0 C o n tin u e d D u p lic a tin g -m a c h in e (m im e o g r a p h 1 $ 35. 00 i i__________ 8 Table A-1: Office Occupations - Continued (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A pril 1956) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Women - Num ber of workers Weekly hours (Standard) W eekly earnings (Standard) N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y E A R N IN G S O F - 9 $ $ $ $ $ $ 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 . 0 0 1 7 5 .0 0 $ 1$ S S $ 9 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 a 0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0 $ $ 3 0 .0 0 3 5 .0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - - 3 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 0 45 . 00 5 0 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 An. on 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 and under 4 0 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 - s - $ s - - $ $ - - t s - and - 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 .0 0 1 1 0 .0 0 1 1 5 .0 0 1 2 0 .0 0 1 2 5 .0 0 1 3 0 .0 0 1 3 5 .0 0j o v e r 1 Continued * Typists, cla ss A __ _ _ _______ _____ Manufacturing __ __ __ ____ _ Nonmanufacturing __________________ Public utilities * ________________ Wholesale trade Retail trade _ _ Finance * * ______________________ Typists, cla ss B Manufacturing ------------------------------------------------- ____________________ N onm anufacturing Public utilities * ________________ W h oles a le tra d e R eta il tra d e Finance ** ______________ ___ 429 42 387 59 91 28 199 1 ,2 0 6 1^5 1, 0 3 1 51 213 144 530 3 9 .0 5 9 .5 3 9 .0 3 7 .0 4 0 .0 4 0 .5 3 9 .0 5 3 .5 0 6 4 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 5 3 .5 0 5 6 .0 0 5 8 .0 0 4 9 .5 0 3 9 .5 4 6 .0 3 9 .5 3 8 .5 3 9 .5 4 0 .5 3 9 .0 _ - _ 65 65 13 6 _ 1 98 4 94 18 8 106 1 105 10 36 4 4 75 9 66 7 23 36 7 29 6 9 29 11 18 1 4 6 3 9 4 - - 45 64 55 20 11 4 7 .0 0 3 - 22 - 4 6 .0 0 5 1 .0 0 4 9 .0 0 4 6 .5 0 4 4 .5 0 3 22 469 19 450 367 53 314 10 232 60 172 19 72 29 40 66 6 1 .0 0 25 41 11 21 2 40 18 22 3 8 _ 3 1 21 38 61 291 77 37 168 7 3 _ _ - - - 7 5 2 - - - 1 3 _ 1 - - 2 1 1 2 3 3 3 - - - _ - . _ _ - - 7 _ - - - - _ - - - - - . _ - _ _ - - - - - 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ - " - 5 11 3 1 _ _ 6 5 1 - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ - . _ _ _ • _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - ■ - - ” _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ - ■ _______i 1 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receiv e their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. * Transportation (excluding railroa ds), com m unication, and other public utilities. * * Finance, insurance, and real estate. Table A-2: Professional and Technical Occupations (Average straight-tim e weekly hours and earnings 1 fo r selected occupations studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A pril 1956) A verage Sex, o c c u p a tio n , a n d in d u s tr y d iv is io n N um ber of w orkers N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E W E E K L Y 9 W e e k ly h o u rs (S ta n d a rd ) M en W e e k ly e a r n in g s (S ta n d a rd ) $ 4 0 .0 0 4 5 .0 0 and under 4 5 .0 0 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 5 5 .0 0 6 0 .0 0 9 $ $ 6 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 $ 8 0 .0 0 6 5 .0 0 7 0 .0 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 $ $ s Is $ 9 5 .0 0 100 . 0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 4 5 . 0 0 and . . _ _ - - - - - 3 - - * - - * - “ - - “ - - - • • s e n i o r -------------------------------------------------- 273 4 0 .0 9 6 .0 0 - - _ - 4 37 24 58 28 30 37 176 40. 0 9 6 .0 0 . - - - 6 2 3 M a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------------------------------------------------ 3 . 2 - 23 l4 48 13 28 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------- — -------------------- 97 3 9 .5 9 5 .5 0 - - - - 3 4 1 4 14 10 10 15 2 20 17 25 17 20 30 14 3 6 - - 21 6 8 - - - - 3 6 - . 1 --------------------------------------------------- 184 3 9 .5 4 0 .0 4 7 - 21 97 "T O T 4 M a n u f a c t u r i n g -----------------------------------------------------N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g --------------------------------------------- 87 3 9 .0 6 7 . 50 - 7 15 17 62 4 0 .0 4 0 .0 80.00 . _ 1 2 6 9 .5 0 6 3 12 5 13 14 12 3 12 8 18 2 9 7 3 5 2 7 4 - 10 9 1 - 9 $ - 24 13 4 1 2o 18 6 17 6 7 2 2 6 1 i n d u s t r i a l ( r e g i s t e r e d ) ------------------- M a n u f a c t u r i n g -------------------------------------------------— . T~ 3 a24 3 22 . _ 1 - - _ _ . - - - 1 . _ - - - - - - " * - 3 ---------- 1 - W om en N u rses, over * 1 3 8 .5 0 ju n io r l 9 0 .0 0 1 4 3 .0 0 D r a fts m e n , s 1 0 0 .0 0 1 0 5 . 0 0 1 1 0 . 0 0 1 1 5 . 0 0 1 2 0 . 0 0 1 2 5 . 0 0 1 3 0 . 0 0 1 3 5 . 0 0 1 4 0 . 0 0 1 4 5 . 0 0 4 0 .0 D r a fts m e n , $ 9 5 .0 0 4 0 .0 M a n u fa c tu r in g $ % 9 0 .0 0 59 47 le a d e r % $ 8 5 .0 0 ----------------------------------------- -------------- ----------------------- D r a fts m e n , E A R N IN G S O F s $ _ _ - - ! 1 -------- -— 1 - - - : - _ “ - - i _ . j1 — 1 46 7 8 .5 0 * 1 * — r~ 5 6 5 18 18 “ - . " - - 1 Hours reflect the workweek for which em ployees receiv e their regular straight-tim e salaries and the earnings correspond to these weekly hours. W orkers w ere distributed as follow s: 16 at $145 to $160; 4 at $160 to $175; 4 at $175 and over. Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta, Ga. , April 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 9 Table A-3: Maintenance and Powerplant Occupations (Average hourly earnings 1 for men in selected occupations studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A pril 1956) O c c u p a tio n Num ber of workers a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n Average hourly earnings 9 U n dex 0 .9 0 1 .0 0 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 .2 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 N U M B E R O F W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S OF— 9 9 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 9 1 .8 0 9 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 $ 2 .1 0 » 2 .2 0 S 2 .3 0 $ 2 .4 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 r90 ? .o o 2 t 10 2 ,2 0 ?• 3 0 2 .4 0 2 ,5 0 5 - $ 9 2 .5 0 9 2 .6 0 < 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 $ 2 .9 0 s 3 .0 0 S 3 .1 0 $ 3 .2 0 $ 3 .3 0 j& * 7 0 2 ,8 0 2 ,? o 3 ,0 p 3 .1 0 3 ,? 0 3 ,3 0 3 .4 0 1 - 18 2 - 2 _ 1 _ - - - 1 16 - 2 1 - - - 1 13 - 2 1 “ " 17 r r ---------F - - - 5 - - - - “ 6 - - - 1 - - 1 ■ . . . ■ ~ and $ 0 .9 0 2 ,6 0 $ C a r p e n t e r s r m a in te n a n c e _ . _ 7 8 38 13 3 3 5 9 - - - 4 - 7 94 2 .0 5 2 .0 5 ” ” 3 M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________________________ 1 12 6 2 2 97 2 .0 5 - - - 4 2 7 - 2 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ 7 - 6 26 5 1 1 2 3 2 7 R e t a i l t r a d e ______________ _____________________ 58 2 .2 0 - - 6 8 3 1 1 1 6 191 E l e c t r i c i a n s . m a in te n a n c e M a n u fa c tu r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g E n g in e e rs , s t a t i o n a r y ____________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g . .......... . .... N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g F ir e m e n , s ta tio n a r y b o ile r M a n u fa c tu r in g H e lp e r s , tr a d e s , M a n u fa c t u r in g ____________________ ............ m a in te n a n c e P u b l i c u t i l i t i e s * ______ __________ R e ta il tr a d e _ M a c h in is ts , . . 13 3 10 10 21 12 17 - 2 10 T 10 7 l7 5 29 27 2 .2 7 - “ " ■ 2 2 3 " - 3 4 9 3 14 61 ~ - 2 - 4 - 3 2 2 2 - 4- 17 8 - 35 - 13 - 12 - 6 2 3 1 4 - 4 - 5 3 11 - 7 6 8 2 4 11 8 35 13 12 3 1 11 3 3 4 “ 1 .7 7 _ _ 2 .2 1 - - 112 1 .5 9 - 159 47 ' P ip e fitte r s , m a in te n a n c e _ - " 12 4 _ _ 4 4 3 4 _ _ 5 . _ . . 10 4 * * 4 4 5 4 “ " “ 5 ■ “ “ * 583 1 .5 8 4 5 52 23 44 68 18 _ _ _ 6 . _ 16 34 13 149 77 3 30 89 2 35 15 49 7 38 24 4 _ 5 _ 28 . 8 52 42 87 38 _ 72 _ _ 33 85 32 _ 72 _ - _ - 1 13 2 3 4 3 - 2 - 2 1 6 6 _ 47 1 1 5 _ 14 _ - - - - - - - 2 2 7 10 34 17 16 7 68 7 1? r r 39 57 32 " 7 55" " 1 1 179 74 102 21 54 _ 315 2 .1 8 . _ _ . 294 2 .1 6 " " - - 1 .8 9 405 1 .9 4 46 1 .8 6 58 1 .5 2 607 2 .0 0 "” 4 4 3 1 .9 6 164 2 .1 2 _ _ 3 36 3 _ _ 3 33 _ _ . 3 5 - - - - 10 2 .0 7 2 .2 2 1 .8 6 92 2 .3 8 ----- 7B---- 2 .3 7 —n r r 7 -------- 7 1 35 15 n ri 39 9 ~JT 46 28 5 4 TT 1 23 1 20 30 18 174 70 81 53 17 7 167 57 80 49 9 3 3 1 9 12 11 2 14 _ 3 4 8 5 1 7 4 32 16 9 21 11 9 13 _ 2 2 1 14 32 48 28 63 92 24 30 33 37 29 3 44 23 56 74 49 42 45 6 8 1 37 15 2 4 4 5 7 18 7 9 28 4 6 21 12 4 9 28 1 8 4 30 5 3 2 1 1 6 2 1 1 6 2 40 _ 4 - 1 4 1 2 4 2 11 34 16 34 16 2 - - - - - - - 2 - - 3 3 1 6 — Jo~ --------5 ” ----- J“ 7 1 1 - 26 1 ~ - - 25 1 1 - ----j- ----r 1 1 2 4 2 9 8 5 -------- 5 - 9 - 8 . _ . . _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - - - “ - - 8 8 - - - - - _ _ _ _ . 2 _ _ _ 2 3 8 1 1 .4 5 — 1 .4 5 — 65 _ 28 1 .9 7 109 44 _ _ 7 — 1 Excludes premium pay for overtime and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ■ _ - 9 8 103 M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____ _______________________________ “ _ - 2 1 — 1773— . 1 _ - 1 52 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________________________ 5 5 ■ 1 .9 0 P a i n t e r s , m a i n t e n a n c e ___________ _______________ M a n u fa c tu r in g ... _ 3 5 23 1 .6 6 1 .2 0 _ ..... 21 20 11 2 27 1 .9 7 . - 1 142 _ — 1 " 658 . 29 2 ft “ 516 _ - 1 .5 0 29 M a n u fa c tu r in g 30 r - 1 .4 6 ___ O ile r s 89 59“ — 76 278 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g R e t a il tr a d e — 11 66 ...... M e c h a n i c s , m a i n t e n a n c e _________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g _ . . 7 _ - ________ W h o le s a le tra d e R e t a il t r a d e 6 - 1 .6 3 (m a in te n a n c e ) 4 2 .2 7 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g _______________________________ P u b lic u t ilit ie s * M e c h a n ic s , a u to m o tiv e M a n u fa c t u r in g - 5 2 .2 7 1 .5 5 ___________________________________ , - 55 276 221 m a in te n a n c e M a n u fa c tu r in g ■ 46 11 6 21? 362 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g - 17 5 53 47 . 3 . 3 _ . - 2 2 _ _ _ _ 89 84 6 - - - - - - _ 2 1 1 1 - 5 1 6 _ _ _ 6 - - 6 2 1 5 6 5 - 2 - - - . 3 - * 3 - - " - 56 12 2 2 1 3 ----- 5 - 59 ~ T r S T 5 5 - nr Occupational Wage Survey, Atlanta Ga., April 1956 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 10 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations (A v e r a g e h o u r ly e a rn in g s 1 f o r s e le c t e d o c cu p a tio n s 2 studied on an a r e a b a s is in A tlan ta, G a . , b y in d u stry d iv is io n , A p r il 1956) N U M B E R O P W O R K E R S R E C E IV IN G S T R A IG H T -T IM E H O U R L Y E A R N IN G S OP— Num ber of workers O c c u p a tio n a n d in d u s t r y d iv is io n E le v a to r o p e r a t o r s , (w o m e n ) Average hourly earnings p assen ger ■ G u ards 118 IT S ’ $ 0 .5 2 52 34 52 52 34 - - 284 1 .8 2 217 1 .9 4 N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ------------- . -------------------------- ,, 67 1 .4 4 F i n a n c e * * __________________ ______ ___________ 50 1 .4 8 M a n u fa c tu r in g J a n ito r s , p o rters, « $ 0 .4 0 0. 30 and under .4 0 .5 0 $ 0 .5 0 $ 0 .6 0 $ 0 .7 0 » 0 .8 0 * 0 .9 0 _ .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 0 1 .0 0 10 _ 3 _ $ $ $ $ $ 1 .0 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 15 2 ,4 2 6 1 ,0 1 2 N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ 1 .9 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1 .8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 10 19 - 6 34 59 91 5 34 59 91 19 16 1 1 - - - 5 --------- 5 - —nr - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 .1 2 1 .3 5 - 74 42 124 282 92 75 - 74 42 124 282 92 75 - 5 8 13 11 - 5 6 4 - - 5 3 7 7 15 10 - 2 7 5 10 9 695 211 - - - — 187 1 01 55 45 190 90 156 440 47 23 152 155 44 162 8 ^>6 164 59 42 11 255 iz 308 36 1 11 109 17 15 167 1 .3 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55 16 25 8 18 21 .8 7 _ _ 12 66 58 74 57 50 6 14 17 3 375 .8 4 214 16 10 98 31 6 617 1 163 4 14 - ll5 i 1 48 2 6 8 p o rters, 1 *, 4 1 4 M a n u f a c t u r i n g _____________________ N n n m a n i.fa c t u r i n g 134 .7 6 1 .0 6 483 .6 7 89 360 .7 7 .6 3 4 ,0 7 8 1 .3 5 _______ R e ta il tr a d e F in a n c e * * m a t e r ia l h a n d lin g M a n u fa c tu r in g ... . _ ______ . N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g __ P u b lic u t il it ie s * tra d e _____ . W h o le s a le tr a d e R e ta il tr a d e tra d e s h ip p in g 31 21 9 5 2 1 15 - 77 55 14 - 15 22 14 338 - - - _ 3 930 733 1 .1 4 _ 508 1 .0 7 - 1 .3 4 281 1 .3 1 - 860 1 .3 6 _ _ 596 1 .3 5 252 1. 3 6 714 1 .2 5 _ _ 312 90 1 .2 7 1.16 160 135 67 _ 10 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .3 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 13 — IT - - 8 24 4 - 16 8 3 1 - 7 _ - - _ _ 7 _ _ _ _ _ 7 _ _ _ _ 7 10 3 4 4 2 2 5 _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ "W 666 1 440 272 117 227 23 ”"2 2 7 ” 152 42 217 7 120 75 119 108 19 _ 87 _ 717 186 _ - 35 TT _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 3 - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 1 1 5 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ 338 188 56 59 7 3 5 22 14 327 22 24 19 49 12 1 - - _ . 173 175 83 45 23 8 2 15 1 _ _ _ _ _ 12 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 8 2 2 3 3 1 1 1 1 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 1 _ _ _ - - - 1.11 - - - - - 230 159 68 162 55 77 14 33 10 124 96 161 50 152 71 32 12 11 6 81 5 5 49 15 34 15 7 61 11 61 34 4 6 1 1 _ _ 98 84 64 40 239 137 36 11 21 14 11 77 17 76 113 96 26 154 29 27 9 84 69 _ 75 57 " 59 30 27 3 47 27 47 27 16 5 3 35 9 12 8 37 17 75 70 12 12 10 17 5 10 22 22 10 _ _ _ 10 . _ . _ - 29 26 12 - - - - - - - - _ 10 35 28 34 18 22 25 21 13 _ 12 22 i _ 11 11 - 5 5 22 22 3 20 _ _ 8 2 6 1 .5 6 _ _ _ - _ 2 _ 27 23 13 1 .5 7 - - - - - - - 10 15 - - - - - - 2 - 17 13 15 17 - - - - - _ 3 - 4 13 15 9 8 9 2 2 19 3 4 2 7 - 22 23 16 13 14 - 3 9 9 2 . (e x c lu d in g in s u r a n c e , O c c u p a tio n a l W a g e r a ilr o a d s ), and rea l e s ta te . c o m m u n ic a tio n , Su rvey, A t la n ta , a n d o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s . B u reau G a ., A p r il 1956 U .S . o f L a b o r S ta tis tic s D E P A R TM E N T O F LABO R 1 2 2 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' ' 1 i T r a n s p o r ta tio n —r 1 5 114 S e e fo o tn o te s a t e n d o f t a b le . 3 2 287 8 164 59 49 38 105 - 1 _ 1 .5 1 87 ~TW 15 - 63 194 28 186 3 _ R e t a i l t r a d e ___________________________________ 214 722 - - 1 .5 5 775 4 5TT T _ _ 1 .5 5 61 _ - 85 4 _ 1 .3 3 173 6 _ _ - 2 - 2 2 _ 1 .2 4 t r a d e ____________________________ * 2 .8 0 2 .7 0 19 1524 1 1 .3 8 402 ( w o m e n ) ____ ____ ___________ _ 1 .3 0 312 ..... ........................ * * F in a n c e , $ 2 .6 0 19 77 . 1 ,1 4 1 , M a n u f a c t u r i n g ____________ ____ ____ ________ _____ N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g _ _ ... W h o le s a le 7 7 - R e t a i l t r a d e __________________ ________________ c le r k s 9 9 - N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g R e c e iv in g 359 1 .2 9 R e t a i l t r a d e _______________________________ P a ck ers, 359 - 31 1 .3 9 1 .7 7 (m e n ) M a n u fa c t u r in g N o n m a n u fa c tu r in g 31 - 2 1 ,9 0 7 ____ N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ___________ _______________ 2 - 8 2 ,1 7 1 ____ O rd e r fille r s 8 - 3 - R e ta il tr a d e W h o le s a le $ $ 2 .5 0 a n d c le a n e r s ( w o m e n ) _______________________________________________ s h ip p in g 2 .4 0 $ 14 357 P a ck ers, $ 2 .4 0 14 — r t r a d e ____________________________ M a n u fa c tu r in g $ 2 .3 0 and R e t a i l t r a d e _______________________________ ___ W h o le s a le S $ $ 2 .1 0 2 .2 0 2 .0 0 1 .8 0 22 1 L a b orers, $ 1 .7 0 .9 6 1 .2 4 J a n ito r s , S $ 1 .6 0 a n d c le a n e r s (m e n ) _ W h o le s a le $ 11 Table A-4: Custodial and Material Movement Occupations - Continued (Average hourly earnings 1 for selected occupations 2 studied on an area basis in Atlanta, G a ., by industry division, A pril 1956) NUMBER OF WORKERS RECEIVING STRAIGHT-TIME HOURLY EARNINGS OF— Occupation and industry division Shipping c l e r k s _______ M anufacturing_____ Nonmanufacturing W holesale trade Retail t r a d e ____ Shipping and receiving clerk s M anufacturing____________ N onm anufacturing________ W holesale t r a d e _______ Retail t r a d e ____________ Number of workers 330 175 155 112 42 Average earnings $ 1 .5 9 1 .6 4 1 .5 3 1 »6 > 1 .2 8 438 1 ?? 261 94 91 1 .7 0 1 .7 7 1 .6 5 1 .6 9 1 .4 6 T ru ckd rivers 3 ____ _____ _______ ___ M anufacturing_____ ____________ N onm anufacturing______________ Public utilities * ____ ________ W holesale trade ________ ___ Retail t r a d e --------------- 3 ,2 6 5 769 2 ,5 5 6 1 ,4 9 3 419 553 1 .5 7 ..... I ."55 1 .6 4 1 .8 9 1 .3 2 1 .2 5 T ru ck d rive rs, light (under 1 Va tons)______________ M anufacturing_____ __ _______ N onm anufacturing____ ______ W holesale t r a d e __________ Retail t r a d e ______________ 445 " " " ...... 7 4 371 108 122 1 .3 0 1 .4 4 1 .2 7 1 .1 5 1 .0 1 T ru ck d rivers, medium (1 l/z to and including 4 t o n s )_________ M anufacturing___ ___________ N onm anufacturing___________ Public u t i l it i e s * _________ W holesale t r a d e ________ _ Retail t r a d e ______------------ 1 ,9 9 0 457 1 ,5 3 3 1 ,0 1 8 261 250 1 .5 6 1 .2 2 1 .6 6 1 .8 9 1 .2 6 1 .1 5 T ru ck d rivers, heavy (over 4 tons, tra ile r t y p e )____ _________ _______ M anufacturing_____ _______ _____ N onm anufacturing______ _______ Public utilities * ____________ T ru ck e rs, power (forklift) M anufacturing____ ____ N onm anufacturing_____ W holesale t r a d e ____ Retail t r a d e ________ W atch m en______ ... M anufacturing_____ N onm anufacturing___ P ublic utilities * _ W holesale t r a d e __ Retail trade ---------- 432 105“ 327 145 483 55F “ 127 72 48 452 .......2 5 5 ” 197 49 45 36 1 .7 7 1 .4 9 1 .8 6 1 .9 1 1 .5 8 1 .6 5 1 .3 6 1 .3 1 1 .3 4 1 .1 9 1 .1 5 1 .2 6 1 .4 0 1 .4 1 1 .2 0 ) $ 0 .3 0 0 .4 0 and under .4 0 .5 0 - . - _ 0 .6 0 $ 0 .7 0 5 0 .8 0 $ 0 .9 0 $ 1 .0 0 S 1 .1 0 * 1 .2 0 S 1 .3 0 $ 1 .4 0 $ 1 .5 0 < 1 .6 0 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .8 0 $ 1 .9 0 $ 2 .0 0 * 2,. 1 0 .6 0 .7 0 .8 0 .9 0 1 .0 0 1 .1 0 1 .2 0 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 1 .7 0 1,. 8 0 1 .9 0 2 .0 0 2 .1 0 2 ,. 2 0 _ - _ _ _ 20 4 16 31 13 18 11 7 37 22 15 8 7 31 12 19 18 1 19 5 14 11 3 42 29 13 12 1 38 13 25 24 1 13 12 1 _ 15 34 22 12 7 5 35 12 23 9 14 44 22 22 11 11 14 - 20 - 26 6 20 14 3 11 20 3 1 18 5 15 11 58 25 33 18 4 32 17 15 3 8 14 1 13 3 55 24 31 1 - 81 ?6 11 5 3 762 5 ll 451 114 45 71 49 1& 31 5 21 5 38 5l 7 - 95 15 80 13 4 15 1401 4 1397 1253 32 112 200 15 185 161 15 9 61 6l 10 _ 3 85 54 51 29 4 15 2 - 21 18 3 - 28 1? 11 - 34 2 32 - 53 1 52 4 . 8 8 _ _ 14 l5 1 _ _ 46 45 1 - 34 21 13 _ 31 14 17 13 _ $ 0 .5 0 - - - “ - _ _ _ . - _ - - - - _ - * - - - - - - _ - - _ _ 2 - 59 - 37 - 2 - 59 37 - - - _ 6 - 49 19 208 234 28 43 117 28 89 1 42 46 41 28 107 66 19 47 32 15 29 7 22 1 10 11 30 5 25 5 18 2 20 20 7 6 1 _ - “ - - 2 _ . _ 2 - - _ - - 2 - - 41 - - - - 2 - 33 28 6 10 107 53 45 34 9 25 10 15 _ _ _ _ - - - 2 - 18 - 9 - - - 2 18 9 606 291 315 51 25 26 - - - - _ _ - - “ - 16 9 155 160 18 - _ _ 20 _ - - - - - - - - _ _ _ id _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ b - _ _ _ 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - _ - - - ■ - - 1 _ - 3 - 3 _ _ - - - - - - 6 12 19 _ - 6 - - - - - - - - - - 12 1 Excludes prem ium pay fo r overtim e and for work on weekends, holidays, and late shifts. a Data lim ited to m en w ork ers except where otherwise indicated. * Includes all d rivers reg ard less of size and type of truck operated. * Transportation (excluding ra ilroa d s), com m unication, and other public u tilities. 26 - 2 2 - _ S 2 .. 3 0 $ 2 .4 0 $ 2 .5 0 $ 2 .6 0 $ 2 .7 0 $ 2 .8 0 2 .3 0 2 ,. 4 0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 2 .7 0 2 .8 0 over _ _ _ _ . _ _ _ and _ - 2 .2 0 I 19 _ _ 2 - 44 51 13 9 4 44 29 15 13 2 32 15 19 15 4 200 166 34 7 13 11 43 25 18 30 15 15 12 30 l6 14 7 2 5 - _ 3 - 3 1 - 150 136 14 7 - _ _ - 1 13 1 12 11 1 13 10 10 _ _ 3 1 2 2 3 3 _ _ 1 1 _ - 10 - 1 - 5 - 1 - 1 1 7 3 4 4 15 - 10 4 6 15 4 5 5 1 1 _ _ 2 2 - - - - - - - _ _ _ 9 2 - _ . _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ - - - " . _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 _ 9 _ 3 _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - _ _ 23 - 9 - 3 - 23 23 9 6 3 3 _ 10 58 25 35 18 17 - - - - 3 18 _ 3 3 18 _ _ 38 31 7 . _ _ 10 _ 7 2 62 41 21 10 11 9 9 26 18 8 8 1 - 1 66 58 8 53 54 25 19 18 1 25 4 21 27 - 16 - - 27 1 16 9 1 _ 8 4 9 16 10 6 4 893 3 890 838 32 20 179 2 177 161 7 . 9 11 - 231 - 8 _ 11 231 139 8 _ _ 28 11 17 13 - - - - 9 6 66 66 _ 17 l6 1 1 . 26 22 4 _ 14 14 _ _ _ 99 9o 9 2 7 3 4 2 2 16 12 4 _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 1 2 _ 1 1 _ _ _ 2 _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ 4 39 18 21 11 10 2 _ 12 B: Establishment Practices and Supplementary Wag Provisions Table B-1: Shift Differential Provisions' P e r c e n t o f m a n u fa ctu rin g p lan t w o r k e r s — (a) In e s ta b lis h m e n ts h avin g f o r m a l p r o v is io n s f o r — S h ift d iffe r e n t ia l S e co n d s h ift w ork 7 1 .7 1 7 .6 5 .7 ___________________________________ 65. 6 6 6 .7 1 4 .0 4 .3 4 7 .7 2 8 .4 1 2 .9 2.0 ___________________ _________ U n d er 5 ce n ts _______________________ ________________ 5 c e n t s ____ ________ _____ _____ _________________ _ _______________ _______________________ 6 c e n t s _______ 7 o r 7V2 c e n ts ______ _______________ ______________ 8 c e n ts ----------------- -------- __ _____ ____________________ 9 ce n ts ________________________________________________ __ 1 0 c e n t s __ __ __ ________ ___________________________ 1 0 % o r 1 0 % ce n ts ____ ____________ ________________ 1 2 c e n ts _________________________________________________ 15 c e n ts and o v e r _________ __ ____________ _________ 5 p e r c e n t ________ T h ir d o r o t h e r s h ift 7 9 .4 U n ifo r m ce n ts (p e r h o u r) U n ifo r m p e r c e n ta g e S e co n d s h ift .............................. T o t a l ....... ...................... ......................................... W ith s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l T h ird o r o th e r sh ift w o r k (b) A c t u a lly w o r k in g on — _________ _______ ____ __ __ __ ------------------ _______ _ ------------------- 7 lf z p e r c e n t ----------------------------------------------------------------- _ 1 0 p e r c e n t -----------------------------------------------------------------------F u ll d a y 1s p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u r s _____ __ _____________ F u ll d a y 's p a y f o r r e d u c e d h o u rs p lu s ce n ts d i f f e r e n t i a l ______ __ __ __ _________ P a id lu n ch p e r i o d n ot g iv e n f i r s t - s h i f t w o r k e r s _______________________________ N o s h ift p a y d iffe r e n t ia l ------------------ -------- ------------------------ 5 .5 _ 6.2 9 .8 2 .7 2 .3 2. 6 .9 4 .0 2. 7 1.0 1.0 1.6 .9 3 .6 .6 . 1 1.6 - _ .9 . 1 .3 .5 . 1 . 20.2 .6 3 .7 5 .3 1 .4 1 .4 1 6 .2 1 4 .5 .3 .1 1 4 .6 1. 6 - .8 .2 .1 - . 1 - 1 .9 _ .3 20.2 _ 1 .9 _ 2.1 11.6 .2 .7 8 .4 - t .1 1 .7 1 .7 .8 . 1 13. 8 5 .0 3 .6 1 .4 1 S hift d iffe r e n t ia l d ata a r e p r e s e n t e d in t e r m s o f (a) e s ta b lis h m e n t p o l ic y , and (b) w o r k e r s a c t u a lly e m p lo y e d o n la te s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y . A n e s ta b lis h m e n t w a s c o n s id e r e d as h a vin g a p o l ic y i f it m e t e ith e r o f the fo llo w in g c o n d i t io n s : ( l ) O p e r a te d la te s h ifts at the tim e o f the s u r v e y , o r (2) had f o r m a l p r o v is io n s c o v e r in g la te s h ifts , f L e s s than 0. 05 p e r c e n t. O ccu p a tio n a l W age S u rv e y , A tla n ta , G a . , A p r i l 1956 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u r e a u o f L a b o r S ta t is t ic s 13 Table B-2: Minimum Entrance Rates for Women Office Workers1 Num ber o f esta blishm ents with s p e c ifie d m inim um hiring rate in— Num ber o f establishm ents with s p e c ifie d m inim um hiring rate in— B ased on standard w eek ly hours 2 of— A ll industr ie s 191 40 60 XXX A ll schedules 131 37 y . 38 V. XXX XXX A ll schedules 40 XXX 191 ......... __ 60 90 21 18 69 9 8 48 94 _ 3 50 13 10 4 5 3 1 _ _ _ 5 3 5 1 1 2 1 - _ _ 3 43 10 4 3 4 _ 1 - _ _ 2 6 - 1 _ 7 3 6 1 1 2 1 - _ _ 1 5 . 1 1 _ _ " _ _ _ 31 9 1 2 3 1 _ 1 1 1 1 8 53 8 7 4 5 _ 3 1 2 _ 10 2 5 _ 1 2 1 - E sta blish m en ts having no s p e c ifie d m inim um 30 15 XXX 15 XXX XXX XXX 52 28 E sta blish m en ts which did not e m p loy w o r k e rs in this c a t e g o r y ____ 70 24 XXX 46 XXX XXX XXX 44 1 - XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX 1 $ 3 0 .0 0 $ 3 2 .5 0 $ 3 5 .0 0 $ 3 7 .5 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 2 .5 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 5 7 .5 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 and and and and and and and and and and and and and under under under under under under under under under under under under under Data not ava ilab le 2 $ 3 2 .5 0 $ 3 5 .0 0 $ 3 7 .5 0 $ 4 0 .0 0 $ 4 2 .5 0 $ 4 5 .0 0 $ 4 7 .5 0 $ 5 0 .0 0 $ 5 2 .5 0 $ 5 5 .0 0 $ 5 7 .5 0 $ 6 0 .0 0 $ 6 2 .5 0 _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _ _ _________ _________ _________ ________ _ ____ _ 1 1 _ _ _ _ - 40 XXX A ll schedules 37 Va 131 XXX 40 XXX XXX FOR OTHER IN EXPERIENCED C L E R IC A L WORKERS FOR INEXPERIENCED TYPISTS E sta blish m en ts having a s p e c ifie d m in im u m B ased on standard w eekly h o u r s 2 o f— A ll in d ustries ro _______________ A ll schedules Nonm anufacturing 00 E sta blish m en ts studied M anufactur ing Nonm anufacturing Manufactur ing M inim um rate (w eekly s a la ry ) 21 18 73 10 8 52 _ _ _ _ 8 1 5 _ 1 2 1 - 1 1 1 8 43 6 2 4 4 1 _ 2 4 4 2 _ _ _ - _ 4 2 1 _ _ 1 - 1 1 1 _ 35 2 2 4 3 1 2 XXX 24 XXX XXX XXX 11 XXX 33 XXX XXX XXX - XXX 1 XXX XXX XXX L ow est s a la ry rate fo r m a lly e sta b lish ed fo r hiring in ex perien ced w o rk e rs fo r typing o r other c le r ic a l jo b s . H ours r e fle c t the w orkw eek fo r w hich em p loy ees re c e iv e their regular stra ig h t-tim e s a la r ie s . Data a re p resen ted fo r a ll w orkw eeks com b in ed , and fo r the m o st com m on workw eeks rep orted . O c c u p a t io n a l W age S u r v e y , A tla n ta , G a . , A p r i l 1956 U .S . D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R B u re a u o f L a b o r S t a t is tic s 14 Table B-3: Scheduled Weekly Hours PERCENT OF OFFICE W ORKERS1EM PLOYED IN— W eekly hours A ll w o rk e rs __ __ __________ - — ----- 35 hours __ __ — __ ____ _ - — - - O ver 35 and under h o u r s _________________ 3 7 Vs ho Ur S „ .r-.i.-r-.-.i II . 38 hours _ _______ __ — — — - ---383/ i hours „ __________ _ ___ — _ — _ 40 hours __ __ _____ _ ----------Over 40 and under 43 h o u r s __ _ _____ _ 43 hours ____________________ 44 hours _ „ _ _ __ ___ _ ---45 hours ________________ ____ __ ________________ O ver 45 and under 48 h o u r s ___ __- __ 48 hours __ __ --------------- -------- — — - 49 hours „ __ ----- -------- _ ____ ___ _ __ 50 hours n....... . _ _„ ..., Over 50 hours --------- --------- All , industries2 Manufacturing Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 100 t t t t 9 - - - 3 3 - o 61 17 6 12 17 t . t - Finance** - 88 27 3 77 82 32 52 t t t t t t t t t 5 - t - 10 T t t t t - - - - t - - t t - - ~ t Manufacturing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 - _ - 3 4 _ _ _ _ 70 3 3 ir i 86 58 t t - t t 6 9 10 10 - - t - Services All , industries'* - 66 r„ T ,m rrm m 1 2 3 t * ** PER C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K E R S EM PLO YED IN — Public utilities * 1. t - - . - 68 6 51 6 3 - 5 15 t - 25 - - . _ - t - - - - 6 t t t t 7 t Services 9 Data rela te to w om en w ork ers only. Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sep a ra tely. Includes data fo r rea l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely, L e s s than 2. 5 p ercen t. T ra n sp ortation (exclu d in g r a ilro a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l estate. Table B-4: Paid Holidays1 PERCENT OP OFFICE W ORKERS EM PLOYED I N - PER C E N T OF PLA N T W O R K E R S E M PLOYED IN — Item Manufacturing A ll w o r k e r s ____________________________ in establishm ents providing paid holidays L e ss than 3 holidays __ 3 holidays F u ll days only P lus 1 half day . 4 holidays F ull days only . P lus 1 half day . 5 holidays _________________ F ull days o n l y _________ P lus 1 naif day . 6 holidays ________ Full days only P lus 1 naif day . P lus 2 half days P lus 3 half days __ 7 holidays F ull days o n l y ___________ Plus 1 half day __ Plus 2 half days 8 holidays _________ F ull days only Plus 2 naif d a y s _________ 9 holidays ___________________ 10 holidays F ull days only . Plus 1 half d a y __________________ W orkers in establishm ents providing no paid holidays _____________________ Public . utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade Financed* Services All , industries 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 100 - 100 - 100 100 - 83 - - - 3 3 Manufacturing 100 Public ^ utilities * 100 Wholesale trade 100 Retail trade Services 100 W orkers t t t t t t t t t 3l 31 6 35 29 t 5 t 16 14 t 22 22 69 60 - 10 4 t t 10 9 2? 27 - 63 63 - 36 36 56 51 _ 5 8 8 t t t t t 93 60 33 3 3 _ - t t i - 39 35 4 12 4 - 8 - t t 3 3 78 t 4 4 * t t - - - 14 14 18 18 40 40 3$ 30 52 38 43 43 45 37 5 t 8 t - 14 _ - 37 37 6 6 3 4 t 1 2$ 25 t t t 4 94 - 3(J 28 12 17 99 t t - - * - 4 4 - t - - - - 17 t _ 3 8 8 93 3 4 4 . 6 4 7! 71 7 t t _ . _ - t t t - * - 22 t 6 7 • - 1 E stim ates rela te to full-day holidays p rov id ed annually, as in e a r lie r stu dies. T hese a re furth er divided between w o rk e rs who r e c e iv e m e r e ly the in d ica ted num ber o f full-d ay holid a ys, those who re c e iv e 1 o r m ore half holidays in addition. 2 Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely. 3 Includes data fo r rea l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sepa ra tely. t L e s s than 2. 5 p ercen t. O ccupation al W age S u rv ey, Atlanta, Ga. , A p ril 1956 ♦ T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g r a ilro a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and public u tilitie s. U .S . D E P A R T M E N T OF LA BO R * * F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te. B ureau o f L a b o r S ta tistics and 15 Table B-5: Paid Vacations PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED I N - V acation p o lic y A ll w o r k e rs __________________________________________________ PERCENT OF PLA N T W ORKERS EM PLO YED IN — All , industries All . industries1 Manufacturing Public utilities* 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 t 100 100 - 100 100 - 100 100 - 96 84 12 95 75 19 100 98 t 100 100 - 94 94 - 97 97 - - - • - - - - - - - - - 4 5 - 6 3 _ 55 _ 51 Wholesale trade Retail trade F inance** Services Manufacturing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade METHOD O F PA YM E N T W o rk e rs in e sta b lish m en ts p rovid in g paid vacation s L e n g th -o f-tim e paym ent P e rce n ta g e paym ent __ __ Othe r _______ __________ _____ _____ _____ ______________ W o rk e rs in esta b lish m en ts p rovid in g no paid va cations t t t AMOUNT O F VACATION P A Y A fte r 1 y e a r o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek _ 1 w eek ___ _____ ... O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _ 2 w eeks __________ ... _ ___ _ _ _ _ 22 21 48 13 t _ _ _ ... _ 78 79 52 87 Under 1 w eek 1 w eek ________________________________________________________ O v er 1 and under 2 w eeks _____________________________ 2 w eek s ___ _ _ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ____________________________ _ 7 t 90 t _ 12 _ 10 - - _ 87 - 90 - 95 - _ 4 _ _ _ 7 t t t _ 57 t _ 4 _ 41 96 _ _ 5 6 4 84 6 _ 4 1 j t _ _ 61 64 56 f 33 _ _ _ 29 44 40 46 _ 42 15 38 - _ 28 _ 19 t A fte r 2 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e _ 96 - t 35 11 48 t _ 4 72 - 72 - . 15 7 67 8 _ _ 11 5 79 - . 10 4 75 8 6 A fte r 3 y e a r s o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek ___________________________________ 1 w eek ____ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _____________________ 2 w eeks _________________________________________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks ____ t - 92 3 93 - t _ 3 t 100 - 95 - _ 4 4 85 6 91 5 _ 4 _ t _ 32 7 56 - t 10 12 t t t 24 5 65 t 99 - A fte r 5 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e Under 1 w eek _ _ 1 w eek _ ____ _ _ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _____________________ 2 w eeks ________ ___ ________ _________ O ver 2 and under 3 w eeks 3 w eek s ___ _ _. 92 3 3 . _ _ _ t t 3 _ _ _ t _ _ 96 97 90 84 3 6 12 t See footnotes at end o f tab le. * T ra n sp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s. ** F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l esta te. NOTE: t 95 5 _ 79 80 t t 3 97 85 4 6 70 3 t 15 _ _ t t Occupational Wage S urvey, Atlanta, G a ., A p ril 1956 U .S . D EPARTM EN T OF LABOR Bureau o f L abor Statistics In the tabulations o f vacation a llow a n ces by y e a rs o f s e r v ic e , paym ents other than "length o f tim e, " such as percen tage of annual ea rn in gs o r fla t-s u m p aym ents, w ere co n verted to an equivalent tim e b a sis; fo r exam ple, a paym ent o f 2 p ercen t o f annual earnings was co n sid e re d as 1 week*s pay. 16 Table B-5: Paid Vacations - Continued PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— V acation p o lic y A ll w o r k e rs _________ __ __ ________ _______ All industries* Manufacturing 100 100 3 81 15 Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 93 _ 7 87 4 6 . 17 83 ■ 42 56 “ Public utilities ♦ PERCENT OF PLANT WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— Finance ** 100 Services AH , industries1 2 Manufacturing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 100 6 . 83 4 4 52 14 26 . _ 15 85 “ 6 51 37 ~ 4 . 39 53 " 6 41 47 - 4 39 38 16 4 AMOUNT O F VACATION P A Y - Continued A fter 10 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek __ ___________________________________ O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks _____________________ 2 weeks __ ___ __ __ ___ Over 2 and under 3 w eeks _____________________ 3 weeks _ _ ____ „ __ ____ ___ t 85 3 11 t 3 65 13 18 92 t 7 9 t 63 11 11 10 t 62 15 6 79 _ 21 t A fte r 15 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e ! w e e k ___________________________________________ Over 1 and under 2 w e e k s __ __ __ _ __ 2 w eeks ...... 3 w eeks __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _______ __ Over 3 and under 4 w eeks ______ __ ____________ t 37 61 3 66 31 t t 3 26 70 ■ . 26 73 3 24 57 16 . 21 70 5 4 3 _ 24 15 58 _ 21 35 44 9 t t 10 t 44 41 ~ 48 35 " 9 10 t t A fte r 20 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w eek ________________________ _ ------ ----------O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks __ _____ ______ _ 2 weeks __ _ __ ____ __ _ __ __ __ _ — __ 3 weeks _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Over 3 and under 4 w eeks _____________________ 4 weeks and o v er ________ _____ __ _________ t 33 60 t 3 3 66 31 - 9 87 . 4 t _ 35 62 - 43 38 5 48 35 - 10 72 . 18 9 10 . 6 t t - — _ 39 42 8 39 21 32 A fte r 25 y e a rs o f s e r v ic e 1 w*„lc O ver 1 and under 2 w eeks ____ __ __ ____ _ 2 w eeks _ __ __ ______________ __ ____ _____ 3 w eeks _______ _________ __ _____________________ 4 w eeks and o v e r _____________________ - _________ 1 2 f * ** t 33 43 22 3 _ 66 30 t _ 9 87 4 t _ 33 48 17 Includes data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sep a ra te ly . Includes data fo r re a l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d iv isio n s shown sep a ra tely, L e s s than 2 .5 p e rce n t. T ransp ortation (excluding r a ilr o a d s ), com m u n ica tion , and other public u tilitie s . F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and rea l esta te. 43 34 9 48 34 t 10 72 18 Services 17 Table B-6: Health, Insurance, and Pension Plans PERCENT OF OFFICE WORKERS EMPLOYED IN— PERCENT OF PLANT W ORKERS EM PLO YED IN— Type o f plan AU , Industries AU w o r k e r s ___________________________________________________ Manufacturing PubUc utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade Fin an ce** Services AU 2 industries 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 98 99 100 94 92 100 52 70 38 60 17 53 70 38 78 74 89 45 81 36 77 57 10 21 42 61 20 52 12 14 81 80 45 30 84 3 95 92 65 44 79 43 47 47 28 10 89 83 81 46 14 78 56 88 88 28 40 82 t t “ - t Manufacturing Public . utilities * Wholesale trade Retail trade 100 100 100 100 93 97 100 94 87 53 67 49 50 28 72 58 79 79 89 55 69 45 62 51 18 21 5 24 16 - 12 87 85 48 41 92 83 82 47 t 96 94 57 46 63 63 31 9 73 71 28 22 62 - 6 60 90 54 31 79 79 40 14 58 " 5 4 - 3 5 Services W o rk e rs in esta b lish m en ts prov id in g : L ife in surance __ A ccid e n ta l death and d ism em berm en t in surance __ _ . _ S ickn ess and a ccid en t insurance o r s ic k lea ve o r b o th 3 __ ________ S ickness and a ccid en t in s u r a n c e _________ Sick lea ve (full pay and no waiting p e riod ) Sick lea ve (partial pay o r waiting p e rio d ) H ospita liza tion insu ra n ce _ _ — S urg ical in surance M e d ica l in s u r a n c e _____________________ _____ C atastrophe in surance _____ R etire m e n t p ension No health, in su ra n ce, o r p ension p l a n __ 1 2 3 t * ** 6 Inclu des data fo r s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry division s shown sep a ra te ly . Inclu des data fo r re a l estate and s e r v ic e s in addition to those industry d ivision s shown sep a ra te ly . U nduplicated total o f w o r k e rs r e c e iv in g s ick leave o r sick n ess and a ccid en t insurance shown sepa ra tely b e lo w , L e s s than 2 .5 p e r c e n t. T ra n sp ortation (exclu din g r a ilr o a d s ), com m unication, and other public u tilitie s . F in a n ce, in su ra n ce, and re a l e s ta te . 16 18 O ccupational Wage S urvey, A tlanta, G a ., A p ril 1956 U .S . DEPARTM EN T OF LABOR B ureau o f L a b or Statistics 19 A pp end ix: Job Descriptions T h e p r im a r y p u r p o s e o f p r e p a r in g jo b d e s c r ip t i o n s f o r th e B u r e a u 's w a g e s u r v e y s is to a s s i s t its f ie ld s t a ff in c la s s if y in g in to a p p r o p r ia t e o c c u p a t io n s w o r k e r s w h o a r e e m p lo y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y o f p a y r o ll t itle s and d iffe r e n t w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b lis h m e n t to e s t a b lis h m e n t a n d f r o m a r e a to a r e a . T h is is e s s e n t ia l in o r d e r to p e r m i t th e g r o u p in g o f o c c u p a t io n a l w a g e r a t e s r e p r e s e n t in g c o m p a r a b le j o b c o n t e n t . B e c a u s e o f th is e m p h a s is o n in t e r e s t a b lis h m e n t and i n t e r a r e a c o m p a r a b ili t y o f o c c u p a t io n a l c o n t e n t , the B u r e a u 's jo b d e s c r i p t i o n s m a y d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t ly f r o m th o s e in u s e in in d iv id u a l e s t a b lis h m e n t s o r th o s e p r e p a r e d f o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s . In a p p ly in g th e s e jo b d e s c r ip t i o n s , the B u r e a u 's fie ld r e p r e s e n t a t iv e s a r e in s t r u c t e d to e x c lu d e w o r k in g s u p e r v i s o r s , a p p r e n t ic e s , l e a r n e r s , b e g in n e r s , t r a i n e e s , h a n d ic a p p e d w o r k e r s , p a r t - t i m e , t e m p o r a r y , and p r o b a t io n a r y w o r k e r s . Office B IL L E R , M A C H IN E P r e p a r e s s t a t e m e n t s , b i l l s , an d in v o ic e s on a m a c h in e o t h e r th an an o r d in a r y o r e l e c t r o m a t i c t y p e w r it e r . M a y a l s o k e e p r e c o r d s a s to b illin g s o r s h ip p in g c h a r g e s o r p e r f o r m o th e r c l e r i c a l w o r k in c id e n t a l to b i llin g o p e r a t i o n s . F o r w a g e stu d y p u r p o s e s , b i l l e r s , m a c h in e , a r e c l a s s i f i e d b y ty p e o f m a c h in e , a s f o llo w s : B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b illin g m a c h in e ) - U s e s a s p e c i a l b illin g m a c h in e (M o o n H o p k in s , E llio t t F i s h e r , B u r r o u g h s , e t c . , w h ic h a r e c o m b in a t io n ty p in g an d a d d in g m a c h in e s ) to p r e p a r e b i l l s an d i n v o i c e s f r o m c u s t o m e r s ' p u r c h a s e o r d e r s , in t e r n a lly p r e p a r e d o r d e r s , s h ip p in g m e m o r a n d a , e t c . U s u a lly in v o lv e s a p p lic a t io n o f p r e d e t e r m in e d d is c o u n t s and sh ip p in g c h a r g e s an d e n tr y o f n e c e s s a r y e x t e n s io n s , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n ot be c o m p u te d o n the b i llin g m a c h in e , an d t o t a ls w h ich a r e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e d b y m a c h in e . T h e o p e r a t io n u s u a lly in v o lv e s a la r g e n u m b e r o f c a r b o n c o p i e s o f th e b i l l b e in g p r e p a r e d and is o fte n d on e on a fa n fo ld m a c h in e . B i l l e r , m a c h in e (b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e ) - U s e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (S u n d s tra n d , E l l i o t t F i s h e r , R e m in g to n R a n d , e t c . , w h ic h m a y o r m a y n o t h a v e t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to p r e p a r e c u s t o m e r s ' b i l l s a s p a r t o f th e a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o p e r a t io n . G e n e r a lly in v o lv e s th e s im u lt a n e o u s e n tr y o f fig u r e s on c u s t o m e r s ' l e d g e r record . T h e m a c h in e a u t o m a t ic a lly a c c u m u la t e s fig u r e s on a n u m b e r o f v e r t i c a l c o lu m n s and c o m p u te s and u s u a lly p r in ts a u t o m a t i c a l l y th e d e b it o r c r e d i t b a la n c e s . D o e s not in v o lv e a k n o w l e d g e o f b o o k k e e p in g . W o r k s f r o m u n ifo r m and s ta n d a r d ty p e s o f s a le s an d c r e d i t s l i p s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R O p e r a t e s a b o o k k e e p in g m a c h in e (R e m in g to n R a n d , E l lio t t F i s h e r , S u n d s tra n d , B u r r o u g h s , N a tio n a l C a sh R e g is t e r , w ith o r w it h o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d ) to k e e p a r e c o r d o f b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s . B O O K K E E P IN G -M A C H IN E O P E R A T O R - C o n tin u e d C la s s A - K e e p s a s e t o f r e c o r d s r e q u ir in g a k n o w le d g e o f an d e x p e r i e n c e in b a s i c b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s an d f a m ilia r i t y w ith th e s t r u c t u r e o f th e p a r t ic u la r a c c o u n t in g s y s t e m u s e d . D e te r m in e s p r o p e r r e c o r d s a n d d is t r ib u t io n o f d e b it an d c r e d i t it e m s to b e u s e d in e a c h p h a s e o f th e w o r k . M a y p r e p a r e c o n s o lid a t e d r e p o r t s , b a la n c e s h e e t s , an d o t h e r r e c o r d s b y h an d. C la s s B - K e e p s a r e c o r d o f o n e o r m o r e p h a s e s o r s e c t io n s o f a s e t o f r e c o r d s u s u a lly r e q u ir in g lit t le k n o w le d g e o f b a s ic b o o k k e e p in g . P h a s e s o r s e c t i o n s in c lu d e a c c o u n t s p a y a b le , p a y r o ll, c u s t o m e r s ' a c c o u n t s (n ot in c lu d in g a s i m p le ty p e o f b illin g d e s c r i b e d u n d e r b i l l e r , m a c h in e ), c o s t d is t r ib u t io n , e x p e n s e d is t r ib u t io n , in v e n to ry c o n t r o l, e tc . M a y c h e c k o r a s s i s t in p r e p a r a t io n o f t r ia l b a la n c e s a n d p r e p a r e c o n t r o l s h e e t s f o r th e a c c o u n tin g d e p a r tm e n t. CLERK, A C C O U N T IN G C la s s A - U n d er g e n e r a l d i r e c t i o n o f a b o o k k e e p e r o r a c c o u n t a n t, h a s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r k e e p in g on e o r m o r e s e c t io n s o f a c o m p le t e s e t o f b o o k s o r r e c o r d s r e la t in g to on e p h a s e o f an e s t a b lis h m e n t 's b u s in e s s t r a n s a c t io n s . W o r k in v o lv e s p o s t in g and b a la n c in g s u b s id i a r y l e d g e r o r l e d g e r s s u c h a s a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e o r a c c o u n ts p a y a b le ; e x a m in in g and c o d in g in v o i c e s o r v o u c h e r s w ith p r o p e r a c c o u n t in g d is t r ib u t io n ; r e q u ir e s ju d g m e n t and e x p e r i e n c e in m a k in g p r o p e r a s s ig n a t io n s and a l l o c a t i o n s . M a y a s s i s t in p r e p a r in g , a d ju s t in g , an d c l o s i n g jo u r n a l e n t r ie s ; m a y d ir e c t c l a s s B a c c o u n t in g c l e r k s . C la s s B - U n d er s u p e r v i s io n , p e r f o r m s on e o r m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g o p e r a t io n s s u c h a s p o s t in g s im p le jo u r n a l v o u c h e r s , a c c o u n t s p a y a b le v o u c h e r s ; e n te r in g v o u c h e r s in v o u c h e r r e g i s t e r s ; r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k a c c o u n t s ; p o s t in g s u b s id i a r y le d g e r s c o n t r o ll e d b y g e n e ra l le d g e r s . T h is jo b d o e s n ot r e q u ir e a k n o w le d g e o f a c c o u n t in g a n d b o o k k e e p in g p r i n c i p l e s but is fou n d in o f f i c e s in w h ic h the m o r e r o u tin e a c c o u n t in g w o r k is s u b d iv id e d on a f u n c tio n a l b a s i s a m o n g s e v e r a l w o r k e r s . 20 C L E R K , F IL E K E Y -P U N C H C la s s A - R e s p o n s ib le sy ste m . C la s s ifie s m ay file in a ls o th is m a te r ia l. c o n ju n c tio n w ith f i l e s m a te r ia l in th e fo r m a in ta in in g a n d in d e x e s or file s . M ay keep s u p e r v is e M ay an e s ta b lis h e d corresp on d en ce record s o th e rs p e r fo r m or of v a r io u s in f ili n g in c id e n ta l and ty p e s lo c a tin g c le r ic a l U nder filin g o th e r m a te r ia l; d u tie s . b ilitie s , by p u n c h in g u s in g C la s s B a lr e a d y te r ia l C L E R K ,- in - th e fo llo w in g : of an on cu sto m e rs' or to p r ic e s to m ake of a ssists in c id e n ta l be fille d . of fo llo w orders fo r D u tie s to m a te r ia l th a t in lo c a t in g m a c le r ic a l m a te r ia l in v o lv e c u sto m e rs; up th e sh e e t; r a tin g c u sto m e rs, orders p e r s o n a lly . order c r e d it of p e rfo r m u s u a lly or d u tie s. M ay in fo r m a tio n d e v ic e v e r ify O F F IC E ord er; d is tr ib u tin g M ay check m a k in g order w ith c r e d it orders see r e c e iv e d , and th a t check out sh e e ts a c k n o w le d g e to m e r c h a n d ise c o m b in a tio n an c h e c k in g p r ic e s c u sto m e r, up or any ow n BO Y th e y sh eet r e s p e c tiv e d e p a rtm e n t have s h ip p in g order by th e and of d e te r m en ts fo r and fille d , keep d e n tia l o r ig in a l ta k in g d a ta on th e based on p a y r o ll out tr ib u tin g w ages ra te , M ay d u ty is to c o m p u ta tio n s . o th e r C o m p to m e te r su ch a s w o r k e r 's and u se a to ta l in c a lc u la tin g w ork ers' c a lc u la te d nam e, w ages m a k in g d a ta and of in o th e r w o r k in g in s ib ilitie s , p le te d cards K eeps as m in o r file s su ch as s e a le r s fo llo w in g by of u sin g punch r u n n in g or c le r ic a l c le r ic a l p o s itio n . r e c e iv in g th e card s. erran d s, m a ile r s , o p e n in g w ork. r o u tin e (w h e re m a c h in e on a o ffic e ; on in or c o n fi in itia tiv e ; u sed ) e ith e r tr a n s c r ib in g tr a n s c r ib in g in fo r m a tio n an a p p o in t a n s w e r in g ow n not and o r m e m o ra n d a fo r su p e r io r m a k in g im p o r ta n t is m a c h in e , reproduced a in to and corresp on d en ce s im ila r in fo r m a tio n fo r in c lu d e c o m in g p erson al tr a n s c r ib in g or d u tie s D u tie s p e o p le w r itin g s p e c ia l r e p o r ts in d ic ta m a c h in e . of su p e r io r . G E N E R A L M ay w r ite r . and d is file s m a c h in e . M ay in d u ty sh o rth a n d a ls o a C o m p to m e te r is c le r k , w h ic h , not to w h ic h u se of be m ay th is to ty p e s c r ib in g -m a c h in e p e rfo r m c o n fu se d in v o lv e m a th e w ith m a c h in e is P r im a r y th a t of e ith e r in u se of v a r ie d te c h n ic a l in c id e n ta l to fr e q u e n t re p o rts on file s O P E R A T O R (M IM E O G R A P H OR general reprodu ces u sin g a su ch or m u ltip le m im e o g r a p h as r e q u ir e d s te n c ils s u p e r v is io n fo r to in k and p rep are d itto m a te r ia l. or c o p ie s d itto paper s te n c il m a ste rs. and w ith of or M akes co u n ter and d itto m a s t e r . so rt, c o lla te , or h a n d w r itte n c y lin d e r and (s e e copy. reco rd s, th is M ay e tc . or m ore m a c h in e , d ic ta tio n a ls o D oes t r a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e set not p erso n s, in v o lv in g on up a a ty p e and in c lu d e keep tra n o p e r a to r ). d u ty is or to by ta k e s p e c ia liz e d order, ty p e and fro m keep or to su ch as copy. reco rd s, or m ore m a c h in e , tr a n s c r ib e w r itte n s im p le one s im ila r v o c a b u la r y research a ls o d ic ta tio n fr o m ste n o ty p e in le g a l th is M ay e tc . p erson s, in v o lv in g b r ie fs d ic ta tio n a ls o D oes set not on up a or a and in c lu d e w ork . O P E R A T O R resp on n ecessary M ay to tr a n s c r ib e w r itte n one s im ila r D IT T O ) s u p e r v is o r y ty p e w ritte n m a c h in e . fe e d M ay no fr o m s c ie n tific in and or T E C H N IC A L or M ay d ic ta tio n fr o m ste n o ty p e s im p le w ork sh o rth a n d ty p e w r ite r . to ta k e by keep ST E N O G R A P H E R , jo b is or v o c a b u la r y , order, S W IT C H B O A R D U nder not o th e r h a n d lin g recorded n o r m a l r o u tin e due. up d u tie s. D U P L IC A T I N G -M A C H I N E Is and or b y ste n o ty p e P r im a r y e ith e r keep u sed m a c h in e , d u p lic a te d u tie s su ch c a lls ; tr a n s c r ib in g -m a c h in e ju s tm e n t k e y -p u n c h card s seq u en ce, th e n e c e s C a lc u la tin g p o stin g p a y m a ster o p e ra te T h is ty p e b u t, of in v o lv e : e n te rs record s; in s u r a n c e , a ssist and O P E R A T O R P r im a r y p e rfo r m a n c e fo r and e n v e lo p e s . or D u tie s in fo r m a tio n d e d u c tio n s C O M P T O M E T E R s ta tis tic a l sh e e ts. e m p lo y e e s o r p r o d u c tio n sh o w in g paych ecks pay of com pany p a y r o ll on tim e sh e e t, tim e , m a tte r, a P A Y R O L L e a r n in g s a s p e c ifie d r o u tin e e x e c u tiv e ST E N O G R A P H E R , m a tic a l in card s r e s p o n s i ta b u la tin g o th e rs. s e c r e ta r ia l an d or d ic ta tio n sh o rth a n d C o m p u tes d ays, th e M ay of m a c h in e s m a il, phone m a il, tio n o r th e m ake on m a c h in e . w ork v a r io u s o ffic e s u p e r io r ; m a k in g M ay p rep are sary or s u p e r v is o r y d a ta n u m e r ic a l to no G IR L P e rfo r m s a d m in is tr a tiv e fro m w ith a in a n d 'w i t h s ta tis tic a l record s. a tta ch e d OR m in o r h o le s or on and SE C R E T A R Y ord ers been in v o ic e s to de of w ork d is tr ib u tin g a n d q u a n titie s to r e c e ip t of ord ers. C L E R K , s e r ie s a lp h a b e tic a l w r itte n o p e r a tin g ite m s p a rtm e n ts file filin g , lo c a te s a a c c o u n tin g P e r fo r m s Q u o tin g th e ite m s m in e M ay or O R D ER phone, lis tin g r o u tin e c la s s ifie d , file s . R e c e iv e s m a il, P e rfo r m s been g e n e r a l s u p e r v is io n record s d u p lic a tin g has O P E R A T O R keep s ta p le ad sp eed . file of com O p e ra tes D u tie s c a lls . m a tio n F or in v o lv e M ay to record p erson s w ork ers r e c e p tio n is t. a s in g le - h a n d lin g who to ll w ho a ls o o r m u ltip le -p o s it io n in c o m in g , c a lls c a ll act and in , as or o u tg o in g , ta k e te le p h o n e and m essa g e s. o c c a s io n a lly r e c e p tio n is ts see s w itc h b o a r d . in tr a p la n t ta k e M ay or o ffic e g iv e in fo r t e le p h o n e s w itc h b o a r d o rd ers. o p e ra to r- 21 S W IT C H B O A R D O P E R A T O R -R E C E P T I O N I S T In a d d i t io n tio n or ty p e to p e r fo r m in g m o n it o r -t y p e or p e rfo r m T h is ty p in g tim e w h ile or d u tie s s w itc h b o a r d , r o u tin e of a c ts c le r ic a l on a r e c e p tio n is t as c l e r i c a l w o r k m a y ta k e th e at o p e ra to r, as w ork T R A N S C R I B I N G -M A C H I N E part m a jo r of s in g le and r e g u la r part of p o s i m ay th is a ls o in c lu d e d . or A w orker s im ila r T A B U L A T I N G -M A C H IN E O p era tes O P E R A T O R s im p le or o p e ra te th a t in groups or a c c o u n tin g w ir in g of p lu g b o a r d s p la c e s M ay file a u x ilia r y cards to cards of a n a ly z e s ta b u la tin g record s; cards se ts a c c o r d in g b e ta b u la te d a fte r th e y out M ay a u to m a tic a lly fo r m s on d ia g r a m s ; m a c h in e . m a c h in e punched does and or to and p r in ts a d ju s ts ta b u la te d . M ay, tr ib u tin g O P E R A T O R , C la s s and P r im a r y fro m s c r ib in g la r y d u ty w r itte n copy d ic ta tio n su ch as is to fro m sta rts in g a d d itio n , fr o m and G E N E R A L and in v o lv in g le g a l tr a n s c r ib e tr a n s c r ib in g b r ie fs do a s im p le v a r ie d or d ic ta tio n m a c h in e c le r ic a l te c h n ic a l re p o rts on in v o lv in g a D R A F T S M A N , w ork. or W orkers s p e c ia liz e d s c ie n tific p o ses. pare under U ses to v a r io u s fro m d ir e c tio n of u n its ty p e s s im p le a o r p a rts of of d r a ftin g p la n s d r a w in g s p r e p a r e d c o n s tr u c tio n , or to o ls or as sk e tc h e s, or p e rfo r m lim in a r y d ir e c ts a n d fo r in v o lv e sk e tc h e s, p r o c e d u r e s ; a s s ig n in g p e r fo r m in g by ste n o ty p e g e n e r a l. m ore and a to or one of m ore th e M ay or M ay p u r a ssist tr a in in g , re p o rts or su ch or to p erson . as s o r tin g keep and d is or M ay in a n d in v o lv e d and in th e w h ic h u n u su al m a te r ia l w ord s fo r m is or ta b le s copy a fr e q u e n t fr o m fo r e ig n - sou rces, to or m a in ta in fro m le tte r s , T y p in g d r a ft; several ty p in g t a b le s r o u tin e fo llo w in g : th e re fr o m s ta tis tic a l s p a c in g ; ty p e of rough copy c o m p lic a te d b a la n c e m ore rou gh v a r y in g u n i d r a f t in d e ta ils to c ir c u m s ta n c e s . B - P e rfo r m s r e la tiv e ly c le a r m ore one or e t c .; or m ore ty p e d se ttin g up c o m p le x ta b le s of d r a fts ; th e fo llo w in g : T y p in g r o u tin e ty p in g fo r m s , s im p le a lr e a d y sta n d a rd se t up and of ta b u la tio n s , sp aced or p r o p e r ly . a L E A D E R or as s u p e r v is o r y a or - C o n tin u e d r e g u la r a s s ig n m e n t, a d m in is tr a tiv e or p e rfo r m r e la te d d u tie s n a tu re . D R A F T SM A N , S E N IO R p re d u tie s d r a fts m e n rough or in p re m a n u fa c tu r in g In te r p r e tin g d e te r m in in g an d in s p e c tin g m a te r ia l a n o th e r by d r a fts o th e r fo llo w in g : verbal ord ers; s u b o r d in a te s p r o b le m s . or d r a w in g s fr o m c o n s tr u c tio n , c o m b in a tio n w r itte n d u tie s of d e ta il e n g in e e r in g , d iffic u lt and by T e c h n i c a l rou gh a c tiv itie s p la n s D u tie s b lu e p r in ts , or v a r io u s m ade s p e c ia l and very c o rre cte d P rep ares w o r k in g d e ta ile d sk e tc h e s or p u rp oses. th e ir s u b o r d in a te s w ork w ork ; d u r in g s c a le tio n s by su ch tru sses; as of be or changes u sed , on p e n c il d r a w in g s, a r c h ite c tu r a l, or e le c tr ic a l, a is in w r itin g m ap s, m a k in g stre n g th w ork , d r a w in g s of c h e c k in g M ay u n its of of n o te s, or th e m anu fo llo w in g : c r o s s -s e c t io n s , e n g in e e r in g m a te r ia ls , in k m a k in g in fr e q u e n tly in a s p e c ia liz e d m e c h a n ic a l, or stru ctu ra l and m a te r ia ls a d ju s tm e n ts lin e s c o m p le te e t c ., c o m p u ta beam s d im e n s io n s , s p e c ific a tio n s ; d e ta il fro m c o n s tr u c tio n , c o m b in a tio n s p e c ific a tio n s . prep are W ork d e ta il in s tr u m e n ts ; in v o lv e d d r a w in g s d r a w in g s. in v o lv e c o m p le te d an d q u a n titie s ; in and e n g in e e r in g , d e ta il d r a w in g s , d r a ftin g th o se v e r ify in g to tra c e u se p la n s fo r D u tie s P r e p a r in g w o r k in g p la n s , sk e tc h e s p u rp oses. of c o p y in g not L E A D E R and and fo rm . one fr o m te c h n ic a l in s u r a n c e p o lic ie s , m a n u fa c tu r in g r e q u ir e d . of been little c o m b in in g are d r a fts m a n . o f w o r k in g of C la s s to P la n s u se la y o u t fa c tu r in g p r e p a r a tio n or p la n n in g e m e r g e n c ie s e n g in e e r in g , fo r m p la in D R A F T SM A N , s c a le fo r d r a w in g s D R A F T SM A N , sh o rth a n d c o p ie s have records P e rfo r m s copy; fr o m of D raw s - vocabu research d r a fts m a n ) o th e rs m ake in v o lv in g filin g fin a l v a r ie d a ls o tra n J U N IO R (A s s is ta n t or in ste n o g ra p h e r, n orm al M ay P r o f e s s i o n a l m an a m a il. la n g u a g e fin a l record s. A m a t e r i a l in su it v o c a b u la r y w ork in c o m in g to c a lc u la tio n s record s, fo r m ity ty p e as tra n s p r a c tic e in ty p e w r ite r a fte r c le r ic a l m a c h in e ; e s ta b lis h e d in f e e d m a g a z i n e are tr a n s la t e s do a b ills s im p le m a c h in e s . T R A N S C R I B I N G -M A C H I N E r o u tin e d ic ta tio n C o n tin u e d T Y P IS T in g d a ta ta k e s c la s s ifie d - s w itc h b o a r d . U ses la te d is G E N E R A L d u tie s. w o rk er’s m ake in fo r m a tio n w ho m a c h in e O P E R A T O R , and le tte r s d ra w in g s , or fie ld as d r a ftin g . su ch 22 N U R SE, IN D U S T R IA L A r e g is te r e d e m p lo y e e s th e or o th e r p r e m is e s of c o m b in a tio n n u rse w ho p erson s a of fa c to ry th e N U R SE , (R E G IS T E R E D ) g iv e s n u r s in g w ho becom e or o th e r fo llo w in g : ill s e r v ic e or e s ta b lis h m e n t. G iv in g fir s t to i l l o r su ffe r a id an D u tie s to th e ill in v o lv e or of tre a te d ; of a p p lic a n ts in v o lv in g p r e p a r in g a c c id e n t re p o rts fo r c o m p e n s a tio n c o n d u c tin g p h y s ic a l e x a m in a tio n s an d h e a lth and e m p lo y e e s ; h e a lth e d u c a tio n , a n d p la n n in g a c c id e n t and c a r r y in g p r e v e n tio n , of c r ib s , in g o o d co u n ters, and tr im th e fo llo w in g : in g s , m ade h a n d to o ls , p o r ta b le an m a te r ia ls n ecessary d oors, to o ls , and n ecessary fo r th e w ork . rounded c o n str u c t su ch s im p le in v o lv e s of m e a s u r in g In g e n e r a l, tr a in in g or th e and w ork; w ork of e x p e r ie n c e e q u iv a le n t in s ta lla tio n , m a in te n a n c e , d is tr ib u tio n , W ork a or in v o lv e s v a r ie ty of n o s in g or c o m p u ta tio n s and te stin g e le c tr ic ia n q u ir e d or e q u ip m e n t la y o u t, to v a r ie ty in s tr u m e n ts . r e q u ir e s th r o u g h a or o th e r as of fo r in or r e q u ir e m e n ts e l e c t r i c i a n 's g e n e r a l, rounded tr a in in g r e p a ir in g th e or w ir in g and b o ile r -fe d record tio n . in of by o th e rs, tr a c in g d r a ftin g w ith by pen to o ls . p la c in g or p e n c il. M ay p repare w a te r w h ic h M ay a ls o W ork a ir m a k in g th e se e m p lo y in g o p e r a tio n s . th a n o p e r a tio n and to su p r e fr ig e r a m a in ta in in g g e n e ra to rs, e q u ip m e n t, ste a m r e p a ir s ; te m p e ra tu re , m ore h ea t, O p e r a tin g e q u ip m e n t th e e le c tr ic a l) co m p resso rs, re fr ig e r a tin g m a c h in e r y , s u p e r v is e e s ta b lis h m e n ts s u p e r v is e w ith p o w e r , in v o lv e s : e n g in e s , and a ls o (m e c h a n ic a l o r e m p lo y e d p u m p s; of and m a y m o b o ile r s k e e p in g a and fu e l con su m p or c h ie f e n g in e e r s are e x c lu d e ? ! H ead o n e ~ ~ e n g in e e r S T A T IO N A R Y w ith o p e ra te s a sa fe ty room B O IL E R sta tio n a r y b o ile r s to fu r n ish h ea t, ste a m . p ow er, m e c h a n ic a l v a lv e s . or sto k e r, M ay c le a n , gas, o il, th e e s t a b l i s h m e n t in w h ic h F eed s or or o il fu e ls to b u rn er; a ssist in fir e by checks r e p a ir in g hand w a te r b o ile r - e q u ip m e n t. H E L P E R , u n its , and TR A D E S, M A IN T E N A N C E of A s s is ts tra d e s, b lu e as d ia g in g sta n d a rd or e le c tr ic a l and m e a s u r in g by area, te r ia ls fro m The tra d e u s u a lly a c area s; tr a in in g and o p e r a tio n s , a m ore s p e c ific to liftin g , and in or fu ll-tim e k in d and of tra d e : and w orkers or in gen eral th e e q u ip m e n t; w ork In th e h e lp e r tra d e s he p a rts of b a s is . is a m a te r ia ls p e r m itte d tra d e th a t is and to w ork er ta sk s as h e lp e r to o ls p e r fo r m a ls o m a in te n a n c e le s s e r to o ls ; p e r m itte d th e are of and a s s is tin g u n s k ille d som e h o ld in g o th e rs o th e r s k ille d d u tie s s u p p lie d w ith m a t e r i a l s to o ls ; p e r fo r m in g e q u iv a le n t on or w orker m a c h in e , or neym an. one p e r fo r m in g k e e p in g a e x p e r ie n c e th e in ste a m o p e r a tio n p ly in g , of and le tte r in g . e q u ip m e n t v e n t ila t in g tu r b in e s , m a in te n a n c e w ork and a p p r e n tic e s h ip of and to rs, tr a n sfo r m e r s, w o r k in g h a n d to o ls th e any h e a tin g lo c a tin g e q u ip m e n t; w e lfa r e , g e n e r a tin g , w o r k in g fr o m s p e c ific a tio n s ; or as e s ta b lis h m e n t. m o to rs, e q u ip m e n t; su ch th e an g e n e ra to rs, b reak ers, In fo r m a l e x p e r ie n c e . lo a d en ergy In s ta llin g su ch c ir c u it e le c tr ic a l s y s te m r e la tin g a fo llo w in g : fu n c tio n s e q u ip m e n t e le c tr ic o th e r tr a n s m is s io n in th e u s in g of tra d e and o th e r an d m a in ta in s as or e le c tr ic a l and a ir -c o n d itio n in g . e m p lo y e d r e p a ir of th e c o n tr o lle r s , d r a w in g s, tr o u b le e q u ip m e n t; of e le c tr ic a l c o n d u it s y s t e m s , p r in ts, or u tiliz a tio n m ost s w itc h b o a r d s , of p rep ared d r a w in g s im p le e q u ip m e n t su c h and v a r ie ty d ra w in g s over do e n g in e s F ir e s a and e s ta b lis h m e n t F IR E M A N ? M A IN T E N A N C E P e r fo r m s h e a lth , tr a in e x p e r ie n c e . E L E C T R IC IA N , and com p ass, O p e ra tes tio n , of d raw of th e S T A T IO N A R Y o f sta tio n a r y m ost in s tr u m e n ts ; d im e n s io n s a ffe c tin g P o w e r p l a n t p ly th e c a r p e n t e r 's to a c tiv itie s paper d r a w in g s and b in s , p la n s or T -s q u a r e , c a s in g s , b lu e p r in ts , v a r ie ty fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip as sta ir s, W ork fr o m a r e la tin g r e q u ir e s th r o u g h a u s in g sta n d a rd c o m p u ta tio n s ca rp e n ter flo o r s , out o f w o rk in s tr u c tio n s ; to e q u ip m e n t e s ta b lis h m e n t. la y in g pow er sh op d u tie s p a r titio n s , in verbal a c q u ir e d and w ood or m a in te n a n c e u s u a lly in g of sta n d a rd s e le c tin g th e c a rp en try ben ch es, c lo th E N G IN E E R , b u ild in g w o o d w o r k a n d P la n n in g a n d m o d e ls , m a k in g th e r e p a ir U ses a n d M A IN T E N A N C E P e r fo r m s m a in ta in tr a c in g p la n t M a i n t e n a n c e C A R P E N T E R , o th e r C o n tin u e d p e r s o n n e l. C o p ie s or program s e v a lu a tio n or a ll - T R A C E R e v a lu a tio n s out of (R E G IS T E R E D ) a in ju r e d ; s u b s e q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e s ' in ju r i e s ; k e e p in g r e c o r d s p a tie n ts sa fe ty on a tte n d in g to o th e r p u r p o s e s ; e n v ir o n m e n t, in ju r e d a c c id e n t IN D U S T R IA L s k ill, by h o ld in g d ir e c te d to su ch c le a n in g w o r k p e r fo r m is c o n fin e d and c le a n in g s p e c ia liz e d p e rfo r m e d by m a b y jo u r v a r ie s to su p w o r k in g m a c h in e w orkers 23 M A C H I N E -T O O L O P E R A T O R , S p e c ia liz e s to o ls , su ch la th e s , or gau ges, a m en ts d u r in g and s e le c t to p roper d ie to or a m ost and of degree m a k in g c u ttin g fo llo w in g : of and accu racy; n ecessary or d re s s in g , sh op s are e x c lu d e d fe e d s , a d ju s t d im e n s io n s . to d r e s s lu b r ic a tin g fro m th is to o ls , p r o c e ssin g to o ls , o ils . F or R e p a ir s m e n t. and or W ork m a c h in e r y in v o lv e s m e c h a n ic a l p a r tly in v o lv e b rok en or of a m a c h in e a d ju s tm e n ts to a m a c h in e s p a rts fo r sh op r e p a ir s o p e r a tio n . p e r fo r m in g r e p a ir s and o b ta in e d a fro m c la s s ific a tio n . th r o u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip E x c lu d e d fr o m th is or c la s s ific a tio n or a d ju s tin g th a t m a in ly r e p la c in g o r d e r in g or p r e p a r in g of th e s e n d in g of w r itte n p a rts ordered a n d m a k in g a ll n e c e s s a r y th e w ork of e x p e r ie n c e e q u iv a le n t are m a c h in e s d is m a n tlin g sto ck ; th e p r o d u c tio n and e s ta b lis h p a rts; sh op r e p a ir s ; g e n e r a l, tr a in in g fittin g m a c h in e m a jo r o r fo r In rounded an tr o u b le ; by fo r of E x a m in in g of r e a s s e m b lin g m a c h in e s ; r e q u ir e s up sou rce sc r a p in g part m e c h a n ic se ttin g and in e q u ip m e n t fo llo w in g : w ith it e m s m a c h in e sh o p ; th e d ia g n o s e h a n d to o is fo r m a jo r m a c h in e of r e p la c e m e n t to s p e c ific a tio n s fr o m of d e fe c tiv e p r o d u c tio n th e e q u ip m e n t u se o r m e c h a n ic a l m ost d is m a n tlin g th e in v o lv e M A C H IN IS T , M A IN T E N A N C E to o lr o o m , stu d y p u r p o s e s , m a c h in e -to o l o p e r a t o r s , jo b b in g e n g in e s e le c tin g to le r a n c e s need th e o p e r a tio n s ; h ig h r e q u is ite w h e n to o ls o f m a c h in e g r in d e r s , in s tr u m e n ts ; sequ en ce; a c h ie v e ty p e s o f m a c h in e -s h o p in v o lv e s se tu p s c o o la n ts m ore su rfa c e m a c h in in g m e a su r in g r e c o g n iz e c r o s s -in d u s tr y w a g e and W ork o p e r a tio n or or c o n s tr u c tio n d iffic u lt p r e c is io n o p e r a tio n r e q u ir e d to o l d ie s . c o m p lic a te d and M ay be in or in th e M E C H A N IC , of one c y lin d r ic a l m a c h in e s of to o lin g to o p e r a tio n p e r fo r m in g v a r ie ty sp eed s, th e b o rers, fix tu r e s , and r e q u ir in g u s in g in jig m illin g jig s , P la n n in g ite m s as TO O LR O O M a m a in te n a n c e u s u a lly tr a in in g an d w orkers w h ose a c q u ir e d e x p e r ie n c e . p r im a r y d u tie s m a c h in e s . M A IN T E N A N C E M IL L W R IG H T P rod u ces of m eta l W ork p a rts in v o lv e s tio n s and r ie ty of s e ttin g p a rts in g to and c lo s e of m a te r ia ls , a s s e m b lin g p r a c tic e and and in in fe e d s o f th e w r itte n sh op and r e q u ir e s a c q u ir e d th ro u g h a out a r e la y in g u s in g new m a c h in e s r e q u ir e d . out of a heavy W ork th e v a r ie ty m a c h in e s or w ork; of p u ta tio n s c o m p u ta tio n s r e la t g r a v ity ; a lin in g and e q u ip m e n t, p a rts sp eed s of h is In s e le c tin g w o r k ; fittin g g e n e r a l, tr a in in g fo rm a l m a c h in in g ; m e ta ls ; in th e m a c h in e - a p p r e n tic e s h ip order r e la tin g and pow er d u cers. to or heavy in v o lv e s m ost in te r p r e tin g and stre sse s, b a la n c in g to be tr a n s m is s io n e q u ip m e n t e q u ip m e n t w h e n h a n d to o is m eta l com m on rou n d ed v a In s ta lls in s ta lls of e q u ip m e n t. a a in s tr u m e n ts ; s h a p in g e q u ip m e n t r e q u ir e d f o r m e c h a n ic a l in s tr u c u sin g m e a s u r in g to o ls ; r e p a ir s e s ta b lis h m e n t. out o f w o r k ; m a c h in e sta n d a rd m a k in g an In te r p r e tin g la y in g to o lin g , in to p a rts p r e c is io n p r o p e r tie s p a rts, u s u a lly and m a k in g n o r m a lly e q u iv a le n t tr a in in g and sta n d a rd w ork , p a rts w ork fo llo w in g : h a n d to o is w o rk in g and new e q u ip m e n t o p e r a te d p la n n in g to le r a n c e s ; o f th e m a c h in is t’s sh o p th e o p e r a tin g d im e n s io n s sta n d a rd of m a c h in is ts k n o w le d g e and m ost s p e c ific a tio n s ; up to r e p la c e m e n t p a r ts o f m e c h a n ic a l of r ig g in g ; of th e u sed ; o th e r su ch and as tic e sh ip e x p e r ie n c e or e q u iv a le n t in th e tra d e tr a in in g and a c q u ir e d com c e n te rs m a in ta in in g In g e n e r a l , th e m i l l w r i g h t ’ s w o r k n o r m a l l y tr a in in g a n d sh op and sta n d a rd d r iv e s and la y P la n n in g a n d sta n d a rd s e le c tin g in s ta llin g p la n t s p e c ific a tio n s ; m a te r ia ls , e q u ip m e n t; e q u ip m e n t or m a k in g of d is m a n tle s in th e fo llo w in g : b lu e p r in ts stre n g th and changes and in good sp eed re q u ir e s of to o ls , re a rounded th r o u g h a fo r m a l appren e x p e r ie n c e . or e x p e r ie n c e . O IL E R L u b r ic a te s , M E C H A N IC , A U T O M O T IV E R e p a ir s an e q u ip m e n t to o ls as sto c k ; e q u ip m e n t w ren ch es, or g r in d in g v a r io u s a lin in g and to d ia g n o s e w h e e ls , th e d r ills , a d ju s tin g th e v e h ic le brakes w ork th e tr a in in g and sh ip e q u iv a le n t e x p e r ie n c e and and of and d is a s s e m b lin g th e of or u se and th ro u g h a e x p e r ie n c e . hand- in p a rts d is fro m in s ta llin g tig h te n in g m e c h a n ic su ch e q u ip m e n t d e fe c tiv e m a k in g n e c e s s a r y or of of P A IN T E R , w ith m e c h a n ic a l o il o r grease, e q u ip m e n t of th e an m o v in g p a r ts or w e a r in g e s ta b lis h m e n t. M A IN T E N A N C E E x a m in in g / tr o u b le ; r e a s s e m b lin g lig h ts , tra c to rs fo llo w in g : s p e c ia liz e d a u to m o tiv e and th e brok en u s u a lly a c q u ir e d tr a in in g of in v o lv e or v a lv e s ; a d ju s tin g of th a t r e p la c in g su rfa c e s m o to rtru c k s, m ost sou rce r e p a ir s gau ges, in b u ses, in v o lv e s fittin g p a r t s ; a s s e m b lie s g e n e r a l, or W ork an d p e r fo r m in g a s s e m b lin g In a u to m o b ile s , e s ta b lis h m e n t. a u to m o tiv e (M A IN T E N A N C E ) th e a d ju s tm e n ts ; body r e q u ir e s b o lts . rou n d ed fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e - P a in ts and e s ta b lis h m e n t. p e c u lia r itie s p r e p a r in g p u tty gun or or of p e r ie n c e le n t in b ru sh . in g r e d ie n ts w ork and th e to fo r n a il M ay o b ta in of h o le s m ix and and w oodw ork, fo llo w in g : re q u ir e d by c o lo r p a in te r o ils , or fix tu r e s d iffe r e n t o ld fin is h a p p ly in g w h ite le a d , c o n s is te n c y . re q u ir e s and K n o w le d g e fo r r e m o v in g in te r s tic e s ; c o lo r s , p rop er a c q u ir e d w a lls , th e p a in t p a in tin g m a in te n a n c e u s u a lly tr a in in g in v o lv e s ty p e s su rfa c e fille r re d e c o ra te s W ork rounded by an p la c in g p a in t w ith and In of su rfa c e a p p lic a tio n s ; or o th e r sp ray p a in t g e n e r a l, tr a in in g th r o u g h a fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip e x p e r ie n c e . of or and th e ex e q u iv a - 24 P IP E F IT T E R , In s ta lls and fro m of or p ip e fittin g s lo w in g : L a y in g p ip e to or b e n d in g p ip e an out or p ip e by and In rounded p r im a r ily h e a tin g to tr a in in g engaged sy ste m s P L U M B E R , or g e n e r a l, fo r m a l a p p r e n tic e s h ip or in are c h is e l to to th e w ork in s ta llin g p ip e fo l of p ip e o x y a c e ty le n e sto ck s m a c h in e s ; and s iz e d ie s ; a s s e m b lin g m a k in g and s iz e s sta n d a rd of p ip e of th e m a in te n a n c e u s u a lly and a c q u ir e d b u ild in g la y in g out a ll m o d e ls , a v a ila b le ty p e s h a n d to o ls b lin g ; w ork and in th r o u g h c u ttin g , in v o lv e s : v e n ts and tra p s fix tu r e s ; In K n o w le d g e in p lu m b in g o p e n in g g e n e r a l, th e c lo g g e d w ork of tr a in in g an d e x p e r ie n c e s h ip e q u iv a le n t or of s a n ita tio n o f a n e s t a b li s h m e n t in g o o d s a n ita r y sy ste m ; d r a in s th e codes in s ta llin g w ith a m a in te n a n c e and or p lu n g e r u s u a lly a c q u ir e d tr a in in g r e g a r d in g T O O L AN D D IE ord er. p ip e s p lu m b e r ’s p lu m b e r r e q u ir e s th ro u g h a fo r m a l W O R K E R , of and sn ak e. rounded a p p r e n tic e e x p e r ie n c e . m eta l e q u ip m e n t s h e lv e s , of an and lo c k e r s , d ie s fo r W orkers th o se h ou se, who (su c h in v o lv e s p assen gers o p e ra te r e p a ir m a c h in e gu ard s, c h u te s, d u c ts, m ost of th e th e sh e e t- grease m eta l m ost b lu e p r in ts , m e a s u r in g com m on and to e le v a to r s a n d ja n ito r s in flo o r s h o te l or P la n n in g C u s t o d i a l a n d c o n ju n c tio n are of an w ith r e la te d and of d ie s o ffic e c lu d e s m a in ta in in g g a te m e n e m p lo y e e s and ord er, w ho o th e r are u s in g arm s s ta tio n e d person s or at e n te r in g . fo rc e g a te w h ere and th e a p p r e n tic e s h ip or gauge m aker) of up and and la y in g sh op to p r e s c r ib e d m a k e r ’s and to o lr o o m w ork of to p r e c is io n c lo s e r e q u ir e s a and of to o ls r e la tin g h ea t- fin is h e d to o ls to le r a n c e s ; to le r a n c e s u s u a lly w ork s p e c ifi p r o p e r tie s of and tr a in in g of m a c h in e s ; to o ls , p r a c tic e e q u iv a le n t and fix w ork . o f m a c h in e w e ll a s w o rk in g m a te r ia ls , out c o m p u ta tio n s to o lin g as jig s , w r itte n w o rk in g o p e r a tin g and q u a litie s ; d ie and gau ges, m e t a l-fo r m in g o ra l and th e fa b r ic a tio n and or of fe e d s, p a rts a p p r o p r ia te to o l to o ls , and a llo w p ro ce sse s. rou n ded a c q u ir e d In tr a in in g th r o u g h a e x p e r ie n c e . For to o l b u ild in g , c r o s s -in d u s tr y w a g e d ie jo b b in g sh o p s stu d y p u r p o s e s , are e x c lu d e d to o l an d fr o m th is d ie m ak ers c la s s ific a tio n . M o v e m e n t P O R T E R , (S w e e p e r; OR C L E A N E R charw om an ; ja n itr e s s ) e s ta b lis h m e n t. o th e r at d u r in g re q u ir e d in d u tie s su ch of to u r, th e o th e r n ecessa ry sp eed s, a s s e m b lin g C le a n s e ith e r g e n e r a l, m ak er; o th e r P la n n in g or s e ttin g m a k in g m e ta l p a rts a c h ie v e and fo llo w in g : d r a w in g s , a llo y s ; a p p r e n tic e s h ip e x c lu d e d . d u tie s , fix tu r e u n d e r s ta n d in g w ork , m a c h in e -s h o p or p o lic e of s e le c tin g M a t e r i a l G U AR D r o u tin e of a sse m r o u n d e d tr a in in g o f t o o l a n d d ie m a k e r ’s h a n d t o o ls e q u ip m e n t; to and and fo rm a l areas P e r fo r m s a ll v a r ie ty and In fo rm a l b lu e p an s, fo llo w in g : s im ila r a a fittin g , r e q u ir e s m a c h in e -s h o p p u n c h in g th e a v a r ie ty d im e n s io n s tr e a tin g of in s tr u m e n ts ; m e ta ls J A N IT O R , b e tw e e n sto re , an d r e p a ir s in v o lv e s r o o fin g ) PASSEN G ER d e p a rtm e n t of sta rte rs as in g o o d th r o u g h fro m o p e r a tin g u s in g re q u ir e d . w orker to o lm a k e r ; fo r g in g s , m o d e ls , g e n e r a l, m a in ta in s v e n tila to r s , W ork O P E R A T O R , T ra n sp o rts a p a rtm e n t as fix tu r e s ta n k s, e s ta b lis h m e n t. E L E V A T O R and m ak er; W ork fittin g M A IN T E N A N C E in s ta lls , and e x p e r ie n c e . fr o m in F a b r ic a te s , jig C o n stru c ts or an ces; S H E E T -M E T A L and s h a p in g , as w ork up M AK E R (D ie m a k e r ; or in s ta lla tio n r e p a ir in g or a r tic le s s h e e t-m e ta l s e ttin g m a c h in e s ; fo r m in g , u s u a lly a c q u ir e d tr a in in g c a t io n s ; u sin g W ork s h e e t-m e ta l e x p e r ie n c e tu res sy ste m b e n d in g , C o n tin u e d m a in te n a n c e s p e c ific a tio n s ; s h e e t -m e t a l-w o r k in g o f th e m a in t e n a n c e e q u iv a le n t a e x c lu d e d . th e p lu m b in g of in s ta llin g o f s h e e t-m e ta l o th e r - W ork ers M A IN T E N A N C E K eeps ty p e s or M A IN T E N A N C E p ip e fitte r e x p e r ie n c e . r e p a ir in g and p r in ts , W O R K E R , re w h e th e r fin is h e d p ip e s m e e t tr a in in g and of th e v a r io u s or w ith h an gers; e x p e r ie n c e e q u iv a le n t of p o s itio n ham m er flo w , d e te r m in e ty p e s m ost c u ttin g p o w e r -d r iv e n p ip e o th e r lo c a te p ip e p re ssu re s, and or in v o lv e s and th r e a d in g fa s te n in g r e la tin g g a s, W ork s p e c ific a tio n s ; w ith m a c h in e ; s ta n d a r d t e s t s to s p e c ific a tio n s . ste a m , m e a s u r in g w r itte n h a n d -d r iv e n c o m p u ta tio n s re q u ir e s and le n g th s c o u p lin g s q u ir e d ; m a k in g w ork o th e r correct w a te r, e s ta b lis h m e n t. of p ip e -c u ttin g w ith sh op r e p a ir s in d r a w in g s to rch S H E E T -M E T A L M A IN T E N A N C E fix e d p ost or n ecessary . check on id e n tity on In of and c o m m e r c ia l th e or or fo llo w in g : r e m o v in g and and keeps w ash room s, c h ip s , or o th e r in an o r d e r ly p r e m is e s e s ta b lis h m e n t. S w e e p in g , m o p p in g £ x tra sh , an d o th e r re stro o m s. m a in te n a n c e W orkers se r v ic e s; w ho or an fa c to ry o ffic e , a p a rtm en t in v o lv e a w o r k in g h ou se, c o m b in a tio n s c r u b b in g , an d p o lis h in g d u s tin g e q u ip m e n t, tr im m in g s ; c le a n in g s p e c ia liz e c o n d itio n D u tie s re fu se ; fix t u r e s ; p o lis h in g m e t a l fix t u r e s m in o r of p r o v id in g la v a to r ie s , in w in d o w w a s h in g flo o r s ; fu r n itu r e , s u p p lie s sh ow ers, are and e x c lu d e d . 25 L A B O R E R , M A T E R IA L (L o a d e r and sto c k m a n H A N D L IN G u n lo a d e r ; or sto c k S H IP P IN G h a n d le r h e lp e r ; and sta c k e r; w areh ou sem an s h e lv e r ; or tru c k e r; w areh ou se h e lp e r ) o th e r A N D record s; r o u tin g sto re , th e w orker or o th e r fo llo w in g : d is e on or fr e ig h t s h e lv in g , lo c a tio n ; ca r, w h e e lb a r r o w . a w areh ou se, w h ose u n lo a d in g c a rs, or sto ra g e or in e s ta b lis h m e n t L o a d in g an d fro m u n p a c k in g , e m p lo y e d d u tie s tr a n s p o r tin g in v o lv e v a r io u s tru ck s, p la c in g or L on gsh orem en , one m a te r ia ls o th e r m a te r ia ls m a te r ia ls m a n u fa c tu r in g or m ore tr a n s p o r tin g lo a d and of F or d e v ic e s; in fo r - C o n tin u e d sh o rta g e s o r m a te r ia ls and s h ip s w age to and r e je c tin g p rop er dam aged d e p a rtm e n ts; goods; m a in ta in in g file s . stu d y p u r p o s e s , R e c e iv in g p roper by hand tru ck , u n lo a d records C L E R K p la n t, m erch an - m e r c h a n d ise o r m e r c h a n d is e w ho or and c h e c k in g m e r c h a n d is e n ecessary A R E C E IV IN G are w orkers are c la s s ifie d as fo llo w s ; c le r k S h ip p in g c le r k S h ip p in g and r e c e iv in g c le r k e x c lu d e d . T R U C K D R IV E R O R D E R F IL L E R D r iv e s m a te r ia ls , (O r d e r p ic k e r ; sto c k s e le c to r ; w areh ou se sto c k m a n ) e s ta b lis h m e n ts h ou ses, F ills sto re d m e r c h a n d is e cu sto m e rs* ord ers g o in g to s h ip p in g in o rd ers, and or accordan ce or in d ic a tin g o rd ers, tra n sfe r and w ith o th e r in s tr u c tio n s . fille d or a d d itio n a l p e rfo r m o th e r fo r fin is h e d s p e c ific a tio n s ite m s r e q u is itio n s u p e r v is o r , orders M ay, in o m itte d , sto c k , r e la te d or goods on s lip s , to fillin g record s rep ort fro m s a le s a d d itio n keep of sh ort o u t lo a d in s h ip p in g dependent ty p e th e of of v e r ify ty p e , w ooden and r e p a ir s , of or of of c lo s in g d a ta ite m s ty p e and be sto c k or P rep ares S h ip p in g tic e s, p a r in g fo r w ork in v o lv e s : ro u te s, a v a ila b le records in g w e ig h t a n d M ay d ir e c t R e c e iv in g th e of th e s h ip p in g or w ork c o rre ctn e ss A or m eans P ackers in v o lv e s : o l of or s h ip p in g m a k in g a ls o V e r ify in g th e or a g a in s t ra te s; of d ir e c tin g b ills of is fo r o th e rs la d in g , and la d in g , o f s h ip p in g m e r c h a n d ise w age of stu d y w o r k in g ord er. of w are r e ta il e sta b b u s in e s s . m ake ty p es M ay a ls o m in o r m e c h a n ic a l D r iv e r -s a le s m e n and e x c lu d e d . p u rp oses, as tr a ile r tr u c k d r iv e r s fo llo w s ; are c la s s ifie d (T r a c to r -tr a ile r s h o u ld b y s iz e be ra te d c a p a c i t y .) (c o m b in a tio n lig h t o f s iz e s (u n d e r 1l / z (IV 2 to lis te d s e p a r a te ly ) to n s) m e d iu m heavy (o v e r 4 to n s, tr a ile r T r u c k d r iv e r , heavy (o v e r 4 to n s, o th e r a n c T T n c lu d in g 4 to n s) ty p e ) th a n tr a ile r ty p e ) P O W E R O p era tes tru ck or tra cto r w areh ou se, in as a m a n u a lly to m a n u fa c tu r in g w age c o n tr o lle d tra n sp o rt stu d y goods p la n t, p u rp oses, g a s o lin e - and or or m a te r ia ls o th e r w ork ers e le c tr ic -p o w e r e d of a ll k in d s about e s ta b lis h m e n t. are c la s s ifie d by ty p e of fo llo w s ; r e m a te r ia ls . p roced u res, up b ills h e lp e r s , tra n sp o rt d e p o ts, b e tw e e n of T r u c k d r iv e r , T R U C K E R , a p p ly in g w ho and o th e r and a n d k e e p in g a f ile p r e p a r in g sh ip m e n ts r e c e iv e s tr a n s p o r ta tio n sh ip p e d , ch arges, in of or w ith o u t fr e ig h t or p la c e s to v a r io u s m a t e r i a l to a m e r c h a n d ise k n o w le d g e goods a ssist sh ip m e n t, p la n ts , T r u c k d r iv e r , F or of or area b e tw e e n order e x c lu d e d . fo r s h ip m e n t in d u s tr ia l m en e s ta b lis h m e n ts , good are T r u c k d r iv e r , C L E R K m e r c h a n d is e in c o m in g t r u c k in T r u c k d r iv e r tru ck , s p o n s ib le or or h ou ses w ith o r d r iv e r s c ity M a n u fa c tu r in g r e ta il e q u ip m e n t, b a s is th e one in c o n ta in e r ; c o n ta in e r . th e b e in g o f c o n ta in e r ; o th e r tru ck keep of r e q u ir e s in v o lv e of ty p e p la c in g packed, and s iz e s e a lin g by W ork m ay e x c e ls io r on are and v a r io u s u s in g u n its to and a e q u ip m e n t, s u p p lie s p e rfo r m e d s h ip m e n t. c o n ta in e r s a p p r o p r ia te c ra te s R E C E IV IN G o p e r a tio n s num ber of and as; w ith in C u sto m e rs* u n lo a d F or s h ip m e n t o r s to r a g e m eth o d c o n ta in e r ; id e n tify in g boxes A N D and s h ip p in g dam age; fo r s p e c ific K n o w le d g e in or e n te r in g th e s iz e , s e le c tio n breakage S H IP P IN G in fo llo w in g : c o n te n t; or p ro d u c ts e m p lo y e d , ite m s e n c lo s u r e s preven t m ake of th e in s e r tin g la b e ls th e c o n ta in e r p la c in g m ore to upon fin is h e d su ch and o v e r -th e -r o a d on c o n ta in e r s , or d u tie s . S H IP P IN G P rep ares th e m tru ck w h o le s a le lis h m e n ts and P A C K E R , a m e r c h a n d is e , p ra c T ru ck er, pow er T ru ck er, pow er (fo r k lift) p o th e r th a n fo r k lift) p re p o st record s. W A T C H M A N sh ip m e n t. v e r ify in g in v o ic e s , or M akes a g a in s t fir e , rounds th e ft, of and p r e m is e s ille g a l p e r io d ic a lly in p r o t e c t in g p r o p e r t y e n try . U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1956 O -391880
@FedFRASER