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SAN FRANCISCO- OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA January 1951 Bulletin No. I028 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR MAURICE J. TOBIN, SECRETARY Bureau of Labor Statistics Ewan Clague, Commissioner For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U. S. Government Printing Office Washington 25, D. C. - Price 50 cents Contents Page Number Page I N T R O D U C T I O N ................................................................................... 1 T H E S A N FRANCISCO B A Y A R E A ................................................................... Labor and I n d u s t r y in the B a y A r e a ..................................................... 1 1 OCC U P ATIONAL WAGE STRU C T U R E ... *............................................................. Cross-In d u s t r y O c c u p a t i o n s ................... ...... ........................ ........• • Office clerical occupations ..................... ................................. • • P r ofessional and tech n i c a l occupations ........................... • ................ M a i n t e n a n c e and po w e r p lant o c c u p a t i o n s ...... ..................................... Custodial, warehousing, and shipping occupations .................. ............ Characteristic I n d u s t r y O c c u p a t i o n s .......... Strai g h t - t i m e average earnings ................................................... Union w a g e scales .................................. M i n i m u m E n t r a n c e Rates ................................................................... 2 2 2 2 2 2 SUPPLEMENTARY WAG E PRACTICES ................................................................ 3 3 4 5 5 TABIES; Average earnings for selected occupations studied on an industry basis - continued 15. 16. 17. Hospitals ........................................................................ Hotels ........................................................................... Railroads ........................................................................ 25 26 26 Union wage scales for selected occupations 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23o 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29* Bakeries ......................................................................... Building c o n s t r u c t i o n .............................................. Malt liquors .........•••••••••••.......... ........................... ••••••••• Canning (fruits and vegetables) ............ Local transit operating employees ••••••••................ Motor truck drivers and helpers ........ ••••••••••................. ••••••••••• Nonalcoholic beverages ............................................ Ocean transport - unlicensed personnel ............................... Office building service ....... Printing ......................................................................... Stevedoring ...................................................................... Restaurants, cafeterias and l u n c h r o o m s ................. .................. •••• 27 27 27 27 27 28 28 28 29 29 30 30 Average earnings for selected occupations studied on an area basis Entrance rates 1* la. 2. 3* 4* Office o c c u p a t i o n s .... •.................................... ........... ....... Office occupations in San Franciseo C o u n t y ................ ,.................. Professional and technical occupations ......... Maintenance and power plant o c c u p a t i o n s ............. Custodial, warehousing, and shipping occupations .............................. 6 14 15 16 IB Average earnings for selected occupations studied on an industry basis 5* 6. 7. 8. 9* 10. 11* 12. 13• 14« Meat products, independent producers •••••.... ••••••••••••••................ . Foundries, ferrous ................. Industrial chemicals ....................... Paints and varnishes ......... Fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work ........................ M a c h i n e r y ........................................................................ B a n k s .................... ......... •••••........ ....................... . Department and clothing s t o r e s ................. ...................... •••••••• Power laundries •••••••••.... ........ •••••»................................... Auto repair shops •••••••..... ...•••...................... ........... •••••••• 21 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 30. Minimum entrance rates for plant workers ......... 31 Wage practices 31. 32. 33. 34* 35* 36. 37. Shift differential provisions ............ Scheduled weekly h o u r s .... ......................... Paid h o l i d a y s .................................................................... Paid vacations ........................................ Paid sick l e a v e .......•••••••..... ................... .......... ............... Nonproduction bonuses ......... Insurance and pension p l a n s ......... 31 32 32 33 34 35 35 APPENDIX: A - Scope and method of s u r v e y ...... ........... .................................... B - Descriptions of occupations s t u d i e d ........... .................................. 36 37 I N D E X ......................... ........................................................... 53 Introduction ^ The San Francisco-Oakland area is one of several iinportant industrial centers in which the Bureau of labor Statistics conducted occupational wage surveys during early 1951* 2/ Occupations common to a variety of manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries were studied on a community-wide basis. Cross-Industry methods of sampling were thus utilized in compiling earnings data for the following types of occupations: (a) office clerical; (b) professional and technical; (c) maintenance and power plant; (d) custodial, warehousing, and shipping. In presenting earnings information for such jobs (tables 1 through b ) separate data have been provided wherever possible for individual broad industry divisions. Occupations that are characteristic of particular, important, local industries have been studied as heretofore on an industry basis, within the framework of the community survey. 3 / Although only a limited amount of such data was compiled in the present survey, greater detail will be provided for in future studies. Union scales are presented in lieu of (or supplementing) occupational earnings for several industries or trades in which the great majority of the workers are employed under terms of collective bargaining agreements, and the contract or minimum rates are indicative of prevailing pay practice. Data on shift operations and differentials, hours of work, and supplementary benefits, such as vacation and sick leave allowances, paid holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and insurance and pension plans have also been collected and summarized. State, county, and municipal agencies in California participated in the study, eliminating duplication of wage data collection by governmental agencies in the Bay area. This coordination of survey activity was effected through the Bay Area Salary Survey Committee and the San Francisco Civil Service Commission. Individual agencies received separate tabu lations limited to specified geographic, industrial, and occupational coverage. Data for several of the locally adopted survey job classifications are presented in the report. The San Francisco Bay A re a Entering a defense mobilization period late in 1950, the Bay Area experienced a moderate upswing in employment and a modest decrease in unenqployment by early 1951. Although the full impact of expansion in productive capacity was not expected until much later, a brisk demand for additional workers by private employers and government installations was evident in January 1951. Wage rates and salaries in almost all employments were the highest on record and tendencies in a number of industries and government agencies were toward longer workweeks. The six-county area was also experiencing the highest prices for goods and services within recent memory. Labor and Industry in the Bay Area Offering a wide diversity in sources of livelihood for more than 2,200,000 inhabi tants, the Bay Area had about 950,000 persons employed in various enterprises in January 1951> including manufacturing, transportation, communication, utilities, trade, finance, services, construction, and in government. About 1 of every b of these was employed or self-employed in trade. Manufacturing industries employed 1 of every 5 of these individuals, a like p r o portion was in service industries, and government employed 1 of every 8 . Transportation, co m munication, and utilities had one-tenth of the total; construction, one-twelfth; and finance, one-twentieth. In the City of San Francisco, with more than half the total employment in the area, 2 of every 3 persons were employed in shipping, trade, finance, or service industries. Excluding the self-employed, Bay Area manufacturing had about 182,000 employees in January 1951. Although a fifth of these were in the food industries at the time of the sur vey, this proportion normally increases to almost a third at the peak of fruit and vegetable canning in the summer when several thousand workers are added. Metal fabrication, including the manufacture of a variety of machinery and structural steel products, largely In Oakland, employed close to 35>000. Production of chemicals and petroleum products, chiefly in the East Bay cities of Emeryville and Richmond, accounted for approximately 28,000 workers. There were 15.000 employees in the printing and publishing industry, most of them in San Francisco. Women*s apparel, almost wholly in San Francisco, had 8,000 workers. Ship repair w o r k in pri vate shipyards provided employment for ^,500 hut this figure was small compared w ith the 20.000 working in government shipyards. Other manufacturing activities with aggregate e m ployment of approximately 5 0 ,0 0 0 included furniture manufacture; stone, clay, and glass p r o ducts; basic steel; motor vehicles and other transportation equipment. Among nonmanufacturing industries, the largest w ork force was employed in retail trade. The approximately 120,000 sales people and related distribution employees of retailing totaled half again the 80,000 workers in wholesale trade. The service industries gave e m ployment to about 100,000 workers and a labor force of more than 70,000 was utilized in trans portation, communication, and other public utilities. Financial institutions including insur ance carriers and real-estate operators employed an estimated 3 7 ,000. l/ Prepared in the Bureau*s Division of Wage Statistics by John L. Dana, Regional Wage Analyst, Region V, San Francisco, California. The planning and central direction of the pro gram was the responsibility of Toivo P. Kanninen and Louis E. Badenhoop under the general supervision of Harry Ober, Chief of the Branch of Industry Wage Studies. 2/ Other areas studied are: Atlanta, Ga.; Boston, Mass.; Chicago, 111.; Denver, Colo.; and New York, N. Y. Similar studies were conducted in 1950 in Buffalo, N. Y.; Denver, Colo.; Philadelphia, Pa., and San Franc!sco-Oakland, Calif, 3/ Bee Appendix A for discussion of scope and method of survey. The Bay Area's building industry, which completed 25,000 new homes during 1950, provided employment for more than 65,000 in January 1951. Increased governmental activities, traceable directly to national defense needs, brought to 1 1 U ,000 the total employment for city, county, State, and Federal governmental jurisdictions in the six-county area. Among the industry groups surveyed by the Bureau in January 1951, almost all plant workers were employed in establishments having written contracts with labor organizations. Periodic labor-management bargaining for wage rates and working conditions for close to the 2. entire non-clerical labor force has prevailed in the Bay Area for many years. The proportion of office workers employed under union contract conditions is substantially less, however. In all industry groups combined, about 1 in every 6 office workers was employed by a firm having a written contract with a union representing office workers. With the exception of the rail road industry in which all office workers were covered by union contract, organization was farthest advanced among office employees in retail trade and the transportation, communica tion, and utilities group (except railroads). Information for the railroad industry is presented separately in this report and has not been combined with data in any of the other tables. This has been dene in recognition of the fact that wages in the railroad industry bear strong imprints of interstate considera tions that have evolved over a long period of time. Some of these general considerations are: Nation-wide minimum rates that affect the entire range of occupational rates; and special modes of wage payment and related practices. Cross-Industry Occupations Occupational W a g e Structure Before the outbreak of hostilities in Korea, collective bargaining in early 1950 Bay Area negotiations followed a general pattern established during 1949 which tended toward relative wage stability. Emphasis on nonwage benefits such^ts^ pensions, health, and welfare plans was noticeable, but such issues were not as predominant as in 1949 negotiations. Mod erate wage advances of from 2 to 4 percent were written into most contracts concluded, whereas many 1949 contracts allowed no changes in scales. Settlements in a number of important situ ations were in the nature of long-term agreements with provisions for additional but deferred wage increases. Bargaining action increased sharply after July with the acceleration of inflationary forces and the likelihood of imposition of wage controls. The earlier drive for fringe im provements was lost sight of to a large extent by union negotiators. The wage issue became paramount and resulted in broad patternmaking settlements based chiefly on rises in living costs. Agreements completed early in the Fall in petroleum refining and the maritime industry provided wage advances of approximately 6 percent, and set a pace closely followed by others including governmental Jurisdictions. Several contracts agreed upon earlier in the year were reopened with resultant wage increases, bringing workers up to the general pattern established. At the year* s end a large majority of workers in manufacturing had received raises of from 4 to 7 percent. Cannery workers, with two advances during the year, had scales 12 to 15 percent over 1949. More than 60,000 construction workers received raises of from 6 to 8 percent. Contracts concluded in retail trade generally provided 4 to 5 percent increases, as did those completed in transportation and public utilities. The 6 percent pattern was followed for 40,000 civilian workers in Navy installations in the area, and California State employees r e ceived a 5 percent increase. Upward to 300,000 nonclerical workers in the Bay Area employed in establishments having written agreements with trade-union had increases in wage rates dur ing the year. Raises of from 5 to 10 percent for office workers during 1950 were most typical. Adjustment of 19^9 scales for many came late in the year, when it became apparent that wage and salary stabilization b y government control was imminent. In the discussion of wages which follows, two main occupational groupings are dis tinguished: (1 ) cross-Industry occupations, such a£ office clerical occupations, professional and technical occupations, maintenance occupations, and custodial, warehousing, and shipping occupations; and (2) characteristic industry occupations. The first group of occupations was studied on a cross-industry basis fro® employer pay roll records. These occupations are usually found in all or a number of industries. In general, the characteristic industry occu pations are peculiar to a specific industry. As indicated below, straight-time average rates or earnings are shown for some Industries; union scales are shown for others. Office clerical occupations— Of the 34,000 women classified in the 27 office occu pations studied, only 2 ,000, fewer t han 6 percent, were paid at rates less than $ 1*0 weekly. Average salaries in 22 of these Jobs were $50 or more a week in January 1951 (table 1) • Among 5,000 Bay Area stenographers (general) averaging $55 a week, 3 of every 4 were paid $50 or more a week. Secretaries averaged $64.50 and experienced copy-typists averaged $ 5 1 . Routine file clerks and office girls, averaging $ 1*2.50 and $ 1*3 respectively, constituted the lowest paying office Jobs reported for women. Highest paid women were hand bookkeepers w h o averaged $ 66 .50 . Among the general clerk categories, the average for the Junior stage was $1*6; the intern®dlate, $53.50; and the senior, $61*. Salaries of women in offices of manufacturing in dustries were generally higher than in nonmanufacturing. In 22 of 26 Job categories permitting such a comparison women in manufacturing establishments typically made $3 to $5 more a week. Within the nonmanufacturing group of industries, salaries most nearly approached average scales in manufacturing in tile fie ld s o f wholesale trade and transportation (excluding rail roads), communication, and other public utilities. Highest average salaries for men office workers were $ 78.50 for senior general clerks and $ 71* for hand bookkeepers. Office boys were lowest paid w i t h a general average of $41.50. General clerks at the Junior level averaged $ 53 , and at the intermediate level, $63.50. Accounting clerks were at an average weekly scale of $ 67 * as were pay-roll clerks. Average salaries tended to be higher In nonmanufacturing industries than in manufacturing. A comparison of salaries of m en and women in similar Jobs generally indicated a wage advantage for men. This advantage was generally greater in Jobs requiring a substantial amount of training. Differences in average salaries for me n and women in particular occupations gener ally do not reflect differences In rates within the same establishment. A comparison of average salaries of San Francisco office workers (table 1-A) with general area averages Indicated only minor differences in occupational pay levels. Professional and technical occupations— W o m e n registered nurses employed In indus trial establishments, principally manufacturing, averaged $62 a we e k in January 1951 (table 2). Among other professional and technical occupations selected for study, draftsmen employed mainly in engineering and architectural service firms received $ 78.50 weekly. Junior drafts men averaged $ 60 .50 . Maintenance and power plant occupations— Among skilled maintenance crafts, hourly rates typically ranged be'tween $1.90 and $2.10 in early 1951 (table 3). Carpenters, with an average rate of $ 2 .1 2 per straight-time hour, were highest paid, and general utility main tenance men were lowest with a n average of $1.90. The latter were found principally in smaller establishments where specialization in maintenance wo r k is impractical. Auto mechanics, electricians, painters, pipe fitters, radio technicians, and sheet-metal workers, along with carpenters, had rates in excess of $2 an hour. Machinists, the largest skilled group studied, averaged $ 1 .99 . The general average far helpers to these craftsmen was $1.64 an hour. Custodial, warehousing, and shipping occupations— Average rates for men custodial workers ranged from $1.24 an hour for elevator operators to $ 1 .5 9 an hour for garage attend ants (table 4). Guards had an hourly average of $1.49, compared with $1.4l for watchmen. 3 Janitors, porters, and cleaners received $1.30 on an all-industry “basis, “but $1.46 for man u facturing taken separately. In nonmanufacturing, average pay rates in this category ranged from $ 1 .2 1 in the service industries to $ 1.3 5 in retail trade. The largest single group studied in warehousing operations were stock handlers and hand truckers. Their average rate in manufacturing industries was $1.56 compared with $1.58 for nonmanufacturing. The all-industry average was $1.57* Order fillers were also an Impor tant category in wholesaling, and averaged $ 1 .5 5 in all industries, $ 1.5 8 in manufacturing and $1.55 in nonmanufacturing. Truck drivers averaged $1.78 w h e n handling light pick-up and local delivery trucks, $1.89 on medium-size trucks (l^ to 4 tons), and $1.89 when operating heavy, trailer-type trucks. Characteristic Industry Occupations Straight-time average earnings Following the practice for the cross-Industry occupations previously discussed, the wage or salary information for the following 13 industries reflects straight-time earnings derived from employer pay-roll records. Meat products, Independent producers— General cutters in beef cutting and general butchers in cattle killing averaged straight-time hourly earnings of $ 2.20 in early 1 9 5 1 * These are important Jobs in meat packing and wholesaling. In the manufacture of sausages and other prepared meat products, sausage makers averaged $ 2 .2 7 an hour and women packers in sau sage making departments averaged $ 1 .2 6 (table 5 ). Ferrous foundries--Early in January 1951 average rates of Bay Area foundry workers ranged from $1.39 an hour for hand truckers to $2.27 for wood patternmakers. Floor moldera received $ 1 .85 ; hand coremakers, $1.84; chlppers and grinders, $ 1 .53 ; and shake-out men, $1.46 (table 6 ). A general increase of 12 cents an hour for all classifications was granted by most establishments in the area late in the month. Industrial chemicals— Class A chemical operators in the East B a y ’s important indus trial chemical industry averaged $1.92 an hour. Class B chemical operators received $1.83 and the average for operators' helpers was $1.72. These earnings figures relate to me n workers (table 7 ). Paints and varnishes— Tinters averaging $1.89 an hour (table 8 ), were the highest paid men In Jobs studied In the paint and varnish manufacturing industry. Varnish makers and technicians also earned more than $1.80 an hour. Hand truckers, at $1.64 were paid less, on the average, than m en working as labelers and packers ($1.68) but more than women labelers and packers ($1 .50 ). Fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal w o r k — Structural fitters (class A) had a n average hourly rate of $1.86, exceeded among the plant Jobs studied only by the average $1.99 paid class A machine welders and the $1.91 paid class A lay-out men. Average rates for other Jobs in this industry, closely allied with basic steel, were: electric-bridge crane operators (10 tons and over), $1.53; class A pcwer-shear operators, $1.60; flams-cuttingmachine operators, $1.68; and class A hand welders, $1.76 (table 9)# Machinery manufacture— General assemblers were numerically the most important Job group In the machinery industries. They were classified into three subgroups according to skill ranges and responsibilities required in varied assembly work. T h u s , class A workers performing work requiring highest skills averaged $1.79 an hour. Class B workers averaged $1.54, and class C, $1.47. Tool-and-die makers, the highest paid among the 16 Jobs studied . in machinery had an average hourly scale of $2.21. Production machinists averaged $1.84 an hour. The above figures and the earnings data shown for the industry in table 10 reflect pay-roll information as of early January 1951* late in the month, as In the foundry industry, a wage advance of 12 cents an hour for all Jobs was made effective b y a majority of the firms In the industry. B a n k s — Me n commercial tellers with 5 or more years* service w i t h the establishment were paid an average of $79 a week. This compared with an average of $ 56.50 for tellers wi t h less than 5 y e a r s ’ experience. Among women tellers, the figures were $59.50 for those with 5 or more years* service, $54.50 for less. Women employed as bookkeeping-machine operators on routine w ork averaged $46 a w eek (table 1 1 ). Department and clothing stores— Weekly earnings of sales people employed in depart ment and clothing stores reflected commissions paid on sales w h i c h was a usual method of com pensation for these workers. Men sales clerks in furniture and bedding departments were the highest paid. They averaged $ 89.50 weekly. Other weekly averages for men were $89 in m e n ’s clothing; $71 in w o m e n ’s shoes; and $64.50 in men's furnishings. The highest paid salesladies were also in furniture and bedding departments. Their average wee k l y pay was $59.50. W o m e n selling popular-priced dresses in basement departments received $46 compared w i t h a n average weekly pay of $60 for those selling more expensive dresses in upstairs departments. A similar but closer relationship existed between pay levels of women selling w o m e n ’s accessories. In basement departments they earned $46.50 and in upstairs departments, $49.50. In nonselling categories, men tailors performing alterations on m e n ’s garments averaged $ 66 .50 , w o m e n oper ating passenger elevators averaged $49.50, and women cashier-wrappers were at a $46 weekly average (table 1 2 ). Power laundries— Most of the more than 500 w o m e n employed on flatwork finish m a chines in Ba y Area laundries were paid an hourly rate Just under $1. The average for the e n tire group was 99 cents. Women on machine shirt-pressing operations averaged $1.09 and iden tifiers, who sort, examine, and list articles in the cleaning operations, averaged $1.17. Men operating extractor and washing machines received $1.37 and $1.4l a n hour, respectively (table 1 3 ). Auto repair shops--Automotive mechanics (class A) in East Bay auto repair shops and repair departments of dealer establishments averaged $2.02 an hour in January 1951. This com pared with $2.04 for comparable w o r k on the San Francisco side of the Bay. Similarly, East Bay body repairmen averaged $ 2 .2 1 , West bay $2.23; Bast B a y greasers $ 1 .56 , W e s t bay $1.63 (table 14). Hospitals - -Average weekly pay for the more than 2,000 registered nurses in B a y Area hospitals was $57. W o m e n employed in other professional categories were at higher levels. X-ray technicians averaged $58.50; dieticians, laboratory technicians, and physiotherapists, $62.50; and pharmacists, $93.5°• Average earnings of men in these Jobs were slightly higher (table 15). Hotels (San Francisco)--On an average hourly basis, m e n desk clerks in hotels in the City of San Francisco received $1.25, whereas room clerks received $ 1 .38 . Men and w o m e n elevator operators averaged $1.08 and $1.07, respectively. Women's earnings in the Jobs studied ranged from $1.04 for chambermaids to $ 1 .1 5 for cashiers (table 1 6 ). Railroads--Bates of pay in selected office, shop maintenance, warehouse, and c u s todial Jobs in the railroad industry of the Bay Area are presented in table 17. Average sal aries in railroad offices ranged from $48 fbr office boys to $ 66.50 for m e n accounting clerks. W o m e n general stenographers averaged $ 60, and men Junior clerks, $55.50 for a 40-hour week. 4. Straight-time average hourly r ates of $1.74 we r e reported for skilled maintenance v o r k e r s (electricians, m a c h i n i s t s , a n d s h e e t-metal workers). Helpers to maintenance craftsmen w e r e p a i d $1.1*5 a n hour. Sto c k handlers and hand truckers averaged $1.39 a n hour. W o r k e r s p e r f o r m i n g J a n i t o r i a l d u ties a v e r a g e d $1.3 3 . Union wage scales The information for the following 12 industries relates to the minimum wage rates and maximum straight-time hours per w eek agreed upon through collective bargaining between employers and trade unions. Bakeries--Contract bakery worker scales in San Francisco hand shops were higher than those set for Oakland, but rates were the same for both cities in machine shops. In both cities machine shop wage scales were higher them for hand shops, however. Minimum hourly pay for San Francisco ovenmen was $1.99 in machine shops, $1.93 in hand shops. For Oakland ovenmen, the corresponding figures were $1.99 and $1.87. The rate for dividers, molders, and roll-machine operators in machine shops in both cities was $1,90. Pay for bench machine hel pers in San Francisco was set at $1.53 for the first year and $1.6l for the second year of service. Weekly hours worked in San Francisco hand shops were 38 3 A > In Oakland, 1*2. Weekly hours worked in machine shops in both cities were 37 1/2 (table 18). Building construction--The basic hourly wage scales among 7 major construction trades ranged from $ 1 .5 5 for building laborers to $3 for bricklayers and plasterers in both Oakland and San Francisco in early 1951. Minimum rates for all classifications covered with the exception of electricians were identical in both cities. The San Francisco scale for this category was $ 2 .63 , the Oakland scale $2.55. A 40-hour week was in effect for all trades except San Francisco bricklayers and Oakland plasterers, who were paid overtime rates after 30 hours a week, and painters in both cities who had a basic workweek of 35 hours (table 1 9 ). M a l t l i q u o r s — U n i o n scales in S a n F r a n c i s c o ’s brewing industry we r e $81.50 w e e k l y for b r e w e r s o n da y t i m e w o r k , $ 83.50 f o r second-shift, and $ 85.50 for third-shift w o r k . B o t tlers and s h i p p i n g a n d r e c e i v i n g clerks wei*e paid $77 > $79> or $ 8 l according to the shift worked. T h e d a y time rate for truck d r i v e r s w a s $ 80.50 a week. The 40 -hour w o r k w e e k for all shifts w a s the p r a c t i c e in the industry (table 20). Canning, fruits and vegetables--tn the fruit and vegetable canning industry in Oak land, union scales for all classifications were determined according to a Job evaluation sys tem resulting in 5 Job brackets for me n workers (table 21). Thus, Bracket I, covering the highest production skills such as mechanics and painters, commanded an hourly rate of $ 1.90 and Bracket V with the lowest skills such as equipment attendants atad car loaders called for $1.3**. Among w o men workers, floor ladies were paid $1.34 and unassigned wcmen workers were paid $1.18. Since incentive method of payment for some Job categories is practiced in many canneries, a minimum guaranteed hourly rate of $ 1 .1 8 is set for either men or women paid on the basis of output, regardless of Job classification. Average hourly earnings under such conditions are determined b y the volume of material processed by the workers. Cannery opera tives worked 40-hour weeks. "Exempt" weeks may be claimed in accordance with Fair Labor Standards Act provisions in periods of high seasonal activity. During such "exempt" weeks, 48 hours may be worked before premium overtime rates are effective. Local transit operating employees— Operators of busses, and motormen and conductors of bridge trains in Oakland’s local transit system had basic scales of $1.48 hourly for the first 6 months of service, $1.53 thereafter, in early 1951. In San Francisco, operators and conductors of busses, trackless trolleys, streetcars, and cable cars were at a uniform $ 1.5 3 hourly rate, regardless of service. Hours of work per week were 40 in Oakland and 48 in San Francisco (table 22). Motor truck drivers and helpers— In the trucking industry drivers had widely varying minimum hourly rates ranging from $1.5*5 for those employed in general hauling of loads under 2,500 pounds in San Francisco to $2.51 for night drivers w ith at least 1 year of service d e livering newspapers and periodicals in Oakland. Rates differed according to community, com modities transported, size of truck, and length of service. Petroleum tank truck drivers in San Francisco with less than 6 months of service received $1.75* and those with more than 2 years* service were paid $1.93 an hour. In Oakland, however, the service range was shorter for such workers and the pay was higher— drivers with less than 6 months* service receiving $1.80 and those with more than 1 year, $ 1 .98 . Weekly hours for drivers handling all types of loads in both cities was 40, with the exception of moving van drivers and helpers in San Francisco who worked 46 hours before premium pay was effective (table 23 ). Nonalcoholic beverages— On a 4 0 -hour we e k basis bottlers in the soft drink and car bonated waters industry in S an Francisco were paid $ 72.50 as a minimum union scale. Driversalesmen who also had a 40-hour workweek were paid $ 76.50 (table 24). Ocean transport--Monthly rates of offshore, unlicensed, maritime personnel in deck and engine-room departments were scaled according to tonnage and type of vessel sailed. Rates were scaled for the stewards department according to kind of trade, i.e., intercoastal or offshore ports (table 25 ). All rates reported included a $7.50 monthly clothing allcvance (not considered part of the basic seals until recently drawn contracts). Moreover, for deck and engine-room men not standing watches, the rates reported Included an allowance of $25 a month in lieu of work at sea at the Sunday overtime rate (also, not formerly considered part of basic scales). Minimum monthly pay for able bodied seamen standing watches was $248.50, compared with $206 for ordinary seamen. In the engine-room, daytime firemen received $267.50; watchstanding firemen, $ 236 . Chief reefer engineers standing watch were paid from $341*50 to $393, according to type and tonnage of vessel worked. Scales for stewards department ratings ranged from $214 for messmen and waiters on all types of vessels to $552.50 for chefs on class A passenger vessels. Hours of work at sea were 44 a week for day men in the deck and engine-room depart ments . For watchstanders in these departments and for all ratings in the stewards department weekly hours at sea were 56 with overtime pay for 8 hours* Sunday work. In port, both deck and engine-room ratings received overtime pay after 40 hours* w ork a week, but straight-time hours for the stewards department remained 48, as at sea. Office building service--In San Francisco office buildings, the minimum hourly rate for women cleaners was $1.17; fOr Janitors, watchmen and elevator operators (both men and women), $1.25; and for elevator starters, $1.37. This pay compared with rates in Oakland of $1.08, $1.17, and $1.26 for the same Jobs. Hours of wo r k for these employees were 40 a week (table 26 ). Printing--Union scales In the printing trades were identical (table 2 7 ) in both San Francisco and Oakland. Hourly rates for workers in commercial printing shops were: electro typers $2.73, hand compositors and cylinder pressmen $2.63, and bindery women $1.48. In news paper work, rates for day w ork were $ 2 .72 for compositors, $ 2 .6 l for web pressmen, and $2.44 for mailers. In each of these classifications a differential of 13 cents was paid for night, work. The scheduled workweek for the printing trades was 3 J ^ hours. Stevedoring— The straight-time hourly scale for union longshoremen handling general cargo was $ 1.9 2 in all ports of the Bay Area. Penalty rates in lieu of the basic general cargo scale were paid for handling specifically designated commodities. There were many such penalty rates ranging from $ 2.02 for handling paper and pulp in packages of 300 pounds or more to $3*74 for handling explosives. Hatch tenders and lift-truck-Jitney drivers had basic 5 rates 10 cents an h o u r more tha n the l o n g s h o reman rate and p e n a l t y cargo rates, accordingly. G an g tosses received b o t h the $ 2 . 0 7 w o r k i n g g e neral c a r g o rate and the scaled p e n alty rates. U n i o n agreement a l l o w e d a 3° h o u r s traight-time m a x i m u m per w e e k (table 28) * Restaurants, cafeterias, and l u n c h r o o m s --Inconveniences of split-shift w o r k w ere recognized in S a n Fran c i s c o u n i o n cont r a c t s cov e r i n g culin a r y w o r k e r s and others emplo y e d in restaurants, cafeterias, a n d lunchrooms. M i n i m u m dai l y rates for split-shift w o r k e r s w ere higher in al l classes t h a n for strai g h t - s h i ft wo r k e r s . On a daily-rate basis, w a i t e r s and waitresses, w e r e lowest paid, r e c e i v i n g $ 6 .9 5 s t r a i ght-shift and $ 7 . 8 5 split-shift in r e s t a u rants whe r e such w o r k e r s ha n d l e d ca s h pa y m e n ts for meals; a nd $ 7 . 9 5 straight-shift and $ 8 .8 5 split-shift in cafeterias, lunchrooms, a nd other e a t i n g establishments w h e r e waiters and wait r e s s e s did n o t hand l e cash pa y m e n t for meals. Cashiers w e r e p aid $ 9 * 5 0 straight-shift, $ 1 0 .2 5 split-shift in a l l types of e a t i n g e s tablishments, b u t c o mbination cashiers and c h e c k ers w e r e pai d $11.50 straight-shift, $ 1 2 . 2 5 split-shift in class A restaurants; $ 1 1 straightshift, $ 1 1 . 7 5 split- s h i f t in cafeterias, d a iry lunches a nd soda fountains. G r atuities r e c e i v e d b y w a i t e r s and w a i t r e s s e s and the value of free meals for a ll wor k e r s are not r e p r e s e n t e d in the m i n i m u m u n i o n rates for these employees. M a x i m u m hours o f w e r e standard as the basic w o r k w e e k before paym e n t of p r e m i u m overtime rates w a s e f f e c tive (table 29). 3 li M i n i m u m E n trance R a t e s The d e s i g n a t i o n of m i n i m u m e n t rance rates for the employment of plant w o r k e r s w i t h no previous w o r k experience w a s included in the formalized rate structure of B a y A r e a e s t a b lishments e m p l oying ab o u t four-fifths o f the w o r k e r s in all industries. The practice w a s wid e s p r e a d a mong m a n u f a c t u r i n g est a b l i s h m e n ts and transportation, communication, and public utility companies. More t h a n 90 p e r c e n t of the w o r k e r s in these industry groups w e r e e m ployed b y firms w i t h e s t a b l i s h e d minima. T o a lesser degree, p r e s cribed entrance rates w e r e set in whol e s a l e trade a n d services. E s t a b l i s h m e n ts in r e t a i l trade w e r e least formalized in this respect. Al t h o u g h entrance rates set b y in dividual establishments in a l l industries ranged fro m less t h a n 75 cents to more t h a n $ 1 .7 5 * m a j o r employment w a s in firms spec i f y i n g rates of $ 1 . 1 0 to $ 1 .^ 5 (table 3 0 ). Supplementary W age Practices Scheduled W o r k w e e k T h r ee-quarters of the of *4-0 hours in January 1951. A a w e e k of 374 hours w a s typi c a l The **0 hour w o r k w e e k w a s almost women employed in B a y Area offices w e r e on a w e e k l y schedule longer w o r k w e e k was uncommon for w o m e n office employees, b u t for many, particularly in finance, insurance, and re a l estate. universal practice for plant w o r k e r s (table 32). P a i d Holidays Provisions for p aid holidays were in effect for p r a c t i c a l l y a l l office w o r k e r s and for more t h a n 90 p ercent of the plant workers. The mo s t t y p i c a l a r r a n g e m e n t c alled for 7 paid holidays throughout the year, except in transportation (except railroads), communication, public utilities, finance, insurance, and real estate. I n the fi r s t three n amed groups a m a jority of employees, b o t h office and plant, we r e granted 8 days. I n the other groups, w h e r e office work e r s predominated, allowances w ere for 11 and days for m o s t (table 33). 12 Pa i d V a c a tions A l l office employees in B a y Area firms we r e allowed p a i d vac a t i o n s a f t e r a year of service and all but a negligible number of plant w o r k e r s w e r e a c c o r d e d the same privilege. A large major i t y of office w orkers had 2 w eeks after 1 year, b u t 1 w e e k for pla n t w o r k e r s w a s the general rule. A f t e r the comp l e t i o n of 2 years* service, virtually all office employees w e r e eligible for vacations of 2 w e e k s and similar leave w a s allowable t o p l a n t w o r k e r s in establishments w i t h nea r l y three-fourths of these w o rkers (table 3*0* P aid S i c k Leave Form a l provisions for paid sick leave after 1 y e a r of service w e r e in e f f e c t for h a l f the office w o r k e r s in a l l industries and a bout a third o f the p l a n t w o r k e r s . The number of days of pay granted for absence due to illness varied w i d e l y a m o n g industries a nd a m o n g establishments w i t h i n industries. A 10-day a l l i a n c e w a s m o s t c o m m o n for office w o r k e r s , b u t a 5-day allowance for p lant w o r k e r s was found to a n a p preciable extent. M o s t libe r a l plans w e r e in e ffect In the transpo r t a t i o n (except railroads), communication, a n d p u b l i c u t ilities g roup w here leave allowances w e r e higher and employee coverage w a s grea t e r t h a n the gene r a l average (table 35)• Nonp r o d u c t i o n B onuses Shift D ifferentials A p p r o x i m a t e l y one in e v e r y five w o r k e r s employed in manufa c t u r i n g industries in the B a y A r e a in e arly 19 5 1 w a s on e x t r a - s h i f t w ork, indicating one of the steps t a k e n to increase productive capacity there. P r e m i u m p a y for such w o r k e r s w a s general practice. The industrial chemical industry w i t h al m o s t 30 p e r c e n t o f employees on extra shifts (about equa l l y divided b e t w e e n second- a nd t h i r d-shift operations) had varied d i f f e rential pay schedules. The d i f ferential w a s less than 5 cents a n h o u r over day rates for about h a l f the w o r k e r s o n second shifts, and for the rest p r e m i u m p a y r a n g e d fr o m 5 to 10 cents a n hour. Third-shift workers in mos t cases rece i v e d 5 cents mo r e th a n s e cond-shift workers. In the m a c h i n e r y and struc tural steel f abricating industries, the d i f f er e n t i a l paid second shifts w a s a u n i f o r m 10 p e r cent over day scales. These ni g h t operations constituted 10 p e rcent of the emplo y m e n t in mach i n e r y m anufacture a n d 1 p e r c e n t of that in structural steel fabrication. Third-shift e m ployment w a s negligible, however, in t hese two industries. Shift e m ployment in the m a n u f a c ture of paints a n d v a r nishes w a s 13 pe r c e n t of the total employment, and the differentials varied. A bout two-thirds of those on secon d -shift w o r k received 10 cents an h our a d ditional w i t h the rest p a i d slig h t l y m o r e or less t h a n this figure. A m o n g third-shift w o r k e r s , a ma jority w ere paid more than 10 cents an hou r over d a y rates (table 3 1 )• T w o of e very 5 B a y A r e a office workers and 1 of every 10 p l a n t w o r k e r s w e r e r e c i p ients of Christmas or year- e n d bonuses at the close of 1950. T his type of n o n p r o d u c t i o n bonus w a s b y far the m o s t commo n l y reported. For office workers, b onus p a yments w e r e most w i d e spread In finance, insurance, and r e a l estate; for nonoffice worke r s , the largest p r o p o rtions recei v i n g bonuses w e r e in w h olesale and retail trade (table 36). Insurance a nd P e n s i o n Plans Insurance or pension plans financed wholly or in part by employers were in force in establishments with 92 percent of Bay Area office employment and 82 percent of plant employ ment in January 1951. In the transportation (except railroads), communication, and other public utilities group, all employees were covered by some such benefit plans. Life-insurance plans were the most commonly accepted security measures found in all industries, but health and hospitalization Insurance and retirement pension plans were also reported throughout all Industries by firms wi t h substantial numbers of enqjloyees (table 37 ). 6 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS (Average weekly earnings 1 / and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) See footnotes at end of table# * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF L A B ® Bureau of Labor Statistics 7 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued 1— 1— * 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 $ 100.00 1 1 CD Sex, occupation, and industry division O . O O Average * $ ---- 1 — 1i— $ j li * ?— $ * *— ?— 1— Number Weekly i* 1?— 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 *40.00 *42.50 *45.00 *47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57 .5 0 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 of sched Weekly and workers uled earnings under hours 32.50 35.00 37.50 1*0.00 *42.50 1*5.00 *47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72 .50 75.00 vjn . O O (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 and over Men - Continued 90 97 88 39.0 39.5 39.0 SO.O 39.5 39.0 $ 53.00 5*1.50 52.50 61.50 50.50 *17.50 Clerks, order ............................................................................ M a n u f a cturing ................ .. ................................................. Nonmanufacturing 2 / ..................................... .............. Wholesale trade ••••••................ 1.1*47 251 896 812 1*0.0 70.00 * 1*0.0 1*0.0 1*0.0 68.50 Clerks, pay roll •••••••••..........•••••••• M a n ufacturing............................ Nonmanufacturing 2/ ....... •••••........ . Public utilities * ................... Wholesale trade *,,..,****».•*••.•••** 182 108 Clerks, general, junior ..................... Manufacturing ........................ . Nonmanufacturing 2 / .... ................................... Public utilities * ............................................... Wholesale trade .................................................. .... Finance ** ............... .. 393 92 Duplicating-machine operators 2 / ..... . Nonmanufacturing 2 / ........... .......... Finance ** .................................................................... Office boys ................• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Manufacturing • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • .................. Nonmanufacturing •••••••••••.... •••••••• "Piihl 1r* uhl 11 +.1a r • t i i.t ■ Wholesale trade ........... ...... ••••• Pete11 trade t t T , TP1rieriee #4 1r t » * » T . T . » i T » » . « . » « . . Services • • • • • • • • ...... .. ...... ................. Secretaries .................. • • • • • • • ........................................... Nonmanufacturing ..................................... • • • • • • • • • Tabulating-machine operators ••••••••••.... Manufacturing ••••••..... ...... ••••••••• Nonmanufacturing •••••••••••••••......... Public utilities * ............................................... Wholesale trade ....................................................... Finance * * ......................................................• • • • • 301 7k 32 18 6k 53 13 676 22 ^ 14.52 2^ 105 16 l6l 1S 7 S3 30 13 286 27 259 18 83 127 1*0.0 1*0 .0 1*0.0 1*0 .5 “30 •/ *5 J7 1* _ 2 8 - - - - - 1* - 2 8 15 1 - - - - 1* - 2 6 2 - - - - - 1 1 - 70.50 69.50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 67.00 67.50 _ - _ - - - - 5 - 66.50 61.0 0 - _ - . _ - _ - - 1 1 - - - 39.5 1*0.0 39.0 qq 0 1*1 .5 0 30 115 67 37 30 143.00 141.00 1*1.00 *45.50 1*5.00 1*1.50 37.00 140.0 1*0.0 71.50 39.5 77.50 - 30 2 - 115 1 15 29 28 85 11 1* 5 5 12 . 53 32 1 15 37 1 26 16 10 26 26 26 31 13 18 18 25 1 2S 2S IS 8 6 6 . 16 " _ 6 - - _ 6 3 7 S' 3 3 18 10 8 _ _ 8 - 2S 12 12 12 10 10 _ 22 22 8 20 20 1 3 3 - 11 1 2S - - - 11*0 1*6 17 — s r 76 29 5 6 18 3 2 15 1*8 5 3 88 S5 17 28 1 39 *49 7* 22 71 12 1 5 2 20 35 5 30 ■5 10 _ 12 30 S 6 2S 10 6 8 26 16 35 28 7 26 _ 26 _ . _ _ „ _ _ - _ . _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 52 5 S7 Si 121 S8 73 73 167 27 ISO 13S 83 21 62 62 71 S2 29 29 88 3 85 70 76 9 28 9 19 30 10 20 20 20 19 20 20 19 5 2 3 3 9 8 1 _ 19 13 6 _ 6 21 12 9 6 IS 13 1 1 16 36 16 20 _ S 2 2 1 2 1 1 . _ 10 - 66.50 66.00 66.50 6i* .00 7 S .50 62.50 - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - 0 j 5 5 10 6 6 _ _ - _ 67 67 _ 179 2S 155 155 106 26 18 11 7 3 2 1 1 71 80 61 . _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - - - _ - - - - _ - _ . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 82 sr Sl 11 2 9 17 2 15 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ - - _ - _ _ - . _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - _ 7 8 13 _ _ _ _ _ _ IS 20 1 - - - - - - - - _ 6 5 9 21 _ - - - 5 16 - - - - - - - - - - - - 6 3 5 1 9 1 - - - - - - - - - - - " - - - 3 1* 7 - - - 29 n - 11 - - _ - 13 11 29 1 - 28 - 10 10 11 11 - _ _ _ _ 2 69*00 - _ S7 1 1 1 Ik _ 28 2 - 5 S S _ See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), cojammication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 949080 0 - 41 -2 1 S3 11 71.00 - 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 39.0 - «• 1 1 - 38.0 56 11 S5 2 18 - SS.00 1*1*.50 J7 11 36 2 9 25 - 1*5.00 39.5 kl - 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 1*0.0 15 22 2 20 2 3 2 1 - 12 1 11 - 2 9 - 2S 1 23 2 7 IS 1 - S s 2 1 1 - 6 ____ 5_ _ 6 - - 2 _ - - 2 1 5 S3 ___ 35_ ___ 15_ ___23L ___25_ 10 1 7 28 26 33 15 25 2 1 1 3 6 6 20 20 19 8 6 S 6 12 - - - S k - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - “ - - - 8 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings l/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations hy industry division) Average Number of workers $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 if0.00 42.50 45.00 4 7.5 0 50.00 52.50 sched- Weekly of and workers uled earnings ■under hours 32.50 35.00 37-?° if0.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.5 0 55.00 $ $ Sex, occupation, and industry division receiving straight-time weeklyr earn!Lngs of $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 * * 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72 .5 0 75.0 0 80.00 8 5 .OO 90.00 95.00 v 100.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 7 2 .5 0 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 ??.oo 100.00 and over Women Billers, machine (billing machine) ......... Manufacturing ......... •••••...... ...... . Nonmanufacturing 2 / ...................... Public utilities * .................... Whole sale trade ...................... Finance * * .............. ...... ....... Services ..tt.t.t.tt1ttttttttttlttlttt I us 1 1 j Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine) 2/... Wholesale trade ...................... Petal 1 trade •••••••.... ••••••••••••• 723 156 567 167 230 29 129 300 28J~ Uk Ik k 19 Bookkeepers, hand ••••••••••••.............. M a n u f a c t u r i n g ........................ .. Nonmanufacturing ..................... .. PiihHr* iit.int.1e.il * ................... Q.t . 1 1 _ .... Finance ** ••••••••••••••........... . Services ........... ................ 336 19 317 l4 7 I1 7*5 1j 33 12 1 39*5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 38.5 i*o.o $ 5 1 .5 0 57.00 50.00 if8.00 53.00 51.50 if7.00 if0.0 IfO.O if0.0 If0.0 1*0.0 53.50 39.5 IfO.O 39.5 •acr *5 66.50 65.50 66.50 67.00 ^9 ^0 69.00 63.00 j y »y 1*0.0 I4.O.O 39.0 38.5 ifO.o 39.5 IfO.O 53^55" 55.00 51.50 ■52.“50 yt- •y'y Finance * * ................ ........... Services ••••••••••••••••............. 60 667 129 39.5 39.5 - 20 2 _ 5 78 1v-' 87 87 20 20 . 5 5 - - 12 5 60 22 y*5 18 2 3 1 1 - - 1 1 - _ - - - - - - - - 12 12 - 3 66 ___ 9 57 9 32 - 12 1* 2 8 8 29 29 - 10 71 8 18 6 if if 1 30 1 - . . - - - 13 3 - 8 3 3 28 28 2if if 10 ^3 if 39 6 - i*9 10 2 1 _ _ if 1 60.00 - _ - . - _ - 16 - » - 59.00 - - - - - - - - 61.00 51.00 16 28 2 26 20 if 20 if 25 ifif ifif 1 - 3 1 2 20 18 1 1 - - 7 - 20 17 A1 _ . _ - - - - - - 239 6 233 12 2 213 3 163 22 lifl 35 n 226 7 215 26 136 20 12if ifif 219 189 116 80 72 8 79 11 33 9*f 1 95 ifif 60 ifO 8 30 38 _ - - 11 5 11 65 - - - - - 50.00 - 11 5 11 65 53.50 *5^.00 w 47.50 51.50 - - - - - _ 11 5 10 65 “ 16 5 1 35 3 - 1 23 2 20 - yj J 30 ___55_ - 1 6 6 31 31 _ _ lif 11 - _ . - _ - . _ . _ . _ . . - _ . _ . . . _ _ . . _ . _ _ 2 1 1 - - - / _ 3 3 - . - 3 lif lif 1 1 _ 1 12 2 if3 36 _ _ 1 23 23 . . 57.50 ___ 52L ___13_ 10 5 52 3 3 if6 2 if8 if8 if8 1 65.50 13 7^ 7 63 if j See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, Insurance, and real estate. - 9*f 26 68 20 if6 . 58.50 6if.oo 412 18 11 133 29 10 if 38 23 if *0 J7 152 15 137 5*f _ 3 39.5 ifO.O 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 1*0 .5 2 2 if9 l if8 19 - 69 232 1 ,2 7 6 - . Finance ** ............................ Services ••••••••••.... ••••••••.••••• 1,508 18 - - y*571 00 Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ..... Manufacturing •••••••••••••••............ Nonmanufacturing 2 / ............ ......... Wholesale trade .................. .. T?*tA 1 1 t.T*AdA ______ _____ ._______ __ - 2 _ 39 *y *5 yy 85 1 1 . - _ 29 '-y 39.5 - - 351} 308 118 1 - 64.00 Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A .... Manufacturing ................. .......... Nonmanufacturing 2 / ..... ................ Wholesale trade ....................... D.f.'tl . . . k6 _ - ifif 3 8 21 3 k ifl 51 ifO ifO 55 - 10 15 19 I6if 28 136 90 16 25 5 15 - 2 lf 1 - 1 if 20 1* 1 15 i*-3 35 e 20 1*5 -*-y 6 1* 8 20 if 3 73 5 1 68 49 30 19 - - - _ _ - 1 30 38 19 72 19 20 1 53 ifl 1 11 — 6 ik 25 25 - y 31 3 28 ix if 13 20 - _ 30 29 1 1 1 - 20 20 _ - ifif ifif 1 20 18 1 1 . 1 8 - 8 2 1* 1 1 . _ _ 1 - - _ - - _ - _ - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 - « _ . _ _ - - - - - - - .. _ 1 1 _ _ _ - . - . _ _ . - 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - - - ~ “ 7 * j - if " . . . _ . “ ” “ “ • - - _ - - 9 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Sex, occupation, and industry division Average 1 * $ 1 * * Number Weekly 30 .0 0 3 2 .5 0 35.00 3 7 .5 0 4o.oo 4 2 .5 0 ^ 5 .0 0 of ached- Weekly and workers ulsd earnings under hours 32.50 35.00 37.50 1*0 .0 0 42.50 4 5 .0 0 v r .50 Number of workers r ^ ~ * * $ * * 1— * * * ■* ? -------? ------- 1 --------4 7 .5 0 50 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 55.00 5 7 .5 0 60.00 6 2 .5 0 65.00 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 80 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 95.00 $ 100 00 X V/v |Vv and 50.00 5 2 .5 0 5 5 .0 0 57.50 60 .0 0 62.50 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 70.00 7 2 .5 0 75.00 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 90.00 95.00 100.00 over T Women - Continued Calculating-machine operators (Comptometer t TP«) .................................. .............................................................. Manufacturing.......................................... ............... Nonmanufacturing............................... ...........t ___ Public u t i l i t i e s * ........................................ Wholesale trade ......... .................................... R etail trade .......................... .......................... Finance ** ............................... .......................... Services ...................... ....................................... 1,632 399 1,233 128 503 524 20 58 39.5 39.5 1*0 .0 39.0 1*0.0 Calculating-machine operators (other than Comptometer type) ................................................ * Manufacturing ......................................................... Nonmanufacturing 2 / ............................................ Finance * * ............................ ................. .......... 101* 1*8 56 20 40 .0 40.0 40 .0 40 .0 5 6 .0 0 53.00 57.00 8 2,133 188 64 9 U-13 356 39.5 39.5 39.5 40 .0 4 0 .0 1*0 .0 39 .0 5 2 .0 0 8 5 1 .0 0 4 8 .5 0 527 3 9 .5 52.50 Clerks, accou n tin g.............................................. ...... Manufacturing.......................................................... Nonmanufacturing................................................. Public u t i l i t i e s * ............................... .. Wholesale trade .............................................. R etail trade .................. .................................. Finance * * Services ............................. ................... .. 2 ,5 2 0 W T 39.5 39.5 ftQ.R Clerks, f i l e , class A ............................... . ............. Manufacturing ......................................................... Nonmanufacturing.................. ................................ Public u t i l i t i e s * ........................................ Wholesale trade ............................. .. R etail trade ••••••............................... .. Finance ** ............................. Services .......................................... ............ .. 382 71* 308 3l* 90 25 97 62 39.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 1*0.0 39.0 39.0 Clerks, f i l e , class B .................. ............................ Manufacturing ......................................................... Nonmanufacturing ............. Public utilities * ............. . Wholesale trade .................... T Retail trade ............ ........... Finance * * ........ ................. Services............. .......... ... 1,622 182 1 , 1*1*0 191 31*3 91* 618 191* 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 39.0 39.5 3 9 .0 $ 5 ^ .0 0 53.00 5l*.50 53.50 57.00 52.50 1*7.50 53.50 61.50 51.50 - _ - 2 2 2 . 1* - - 18 18 If if 26 26 8 _ 18 _ 26 2 2 1 X If 16 16 172 72 xuu V7 • W PI cl R R yy y■a *h+ 5 1 1. 21*0 88 1RO 1R xp dO d O dQO O 2 1 3 2 1 X ** 1*1 2*5 y 32 If ill 23 88 R 1*6 26 yR 6 1* 31 1*1 If 5 6 .0 0 JX 143 36 1AR ll* 12 3D 31* 1 *5 j-p 31 3v 0 y 251 11 21*0 ■1 0 •O 65 58 yR71 1*7 71 2 If 90 90 2 125 125 7 I 63 2 259 161 25 I* 258 22 32 17 *51 y J- 16 130 10 71* 28 5 3 88 118 68 *50 yy 328 R yRy 2 66 8 10 2 20 2 214 y33 y 181 21 30 yV **5 59 26 5 163 22 11*1 36 36 13 38 18 36 dorky 61 7f 0 y 89 8 81 17 22 23 18 99 13 aO d O k ** •al. kn 4U 59 39 OA 20 xy X dV 8 “ 8 2 1 1 10 10 16 15 11 JO do 03 d 0 k 4 26 3lt* 01 255 59 X90 O y oft 30 T O O xdy ■ji d XXO If 1*83 60 2 19 1*1 Lt*7 ( 0ft dO I1vnny dc op y0 29 P li7( ^4 28 61* 1*9 38 27 ----- V 7~ 2i 22 If 10 7 251 276 20 5 ^ .5 0 4 9 .0 0 39.00 1*0 .5 0 y( pi - V7 .5 0 42.50 3 18 if 53.50 5^.50 1*9 .5 0 1*1 .5 0 1*6 .0 0 1*1*.50 1*5 .0 0 60 00 See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. R P yR 21 3 0 j *53 00 53.00 51.00 53.50 5 llR 4 P 7( 30 1**3 oft y° xo 0 O 1. 4 Q O 1, 4 1*6 30 lo X IO JJC O J 260 17 o k “3 d*ty P d 3v 82 xIQy 275 **7 228 18 It R **P rIQy 18 7 1*7 lk^fU O X 28 TO XVJ 3 k* J4 do vy 131* 1*1 Q 51* 21 00 do X 1, U yy vdry( 0 y 16 8 qr yy 1 30 xpu R P R P P i c-X 1*0 36 10 26 R p 12 2 37 2 21* X 33 11* O or P3 j33 j R 18 71 10 ll* 16 P3 91 1*1 1*6 32 31* j i dO y30 v 16 11 yy Q y 2 X /C 0 if T X J 11 XX TO Xy 56 32 16 U 3P 16 IO 10 20 1R xp XV/ h X - - " “ 71* 7 dry of ya r 1*0 OO nr P( c P 1 ll* 10 1. 4 _ - - " “ ** - - - wm - " •• “ ~ “ • “ “ “ ** - - - - - “ - " - “ *■ * — * * “ * 1. dQ OO 15 10 e P 0 d X 1, 4 21 ■ d 0 X4 " " 6 1 3 d X P7 p 1 X X 1* 1 OA dV X 0 1 17 15 X P 33 c p 28 1 32 122 51* 8 y31 JdZ> 8 28 8 20 19 1 ’ ~ y0 or 3 ll* 1 13 5 7 4 21* syv o 151 4 1 3 7f JO 0 15 5 0 c u 1. y 0 y y3 6 11 ii7 8 32 yc. 161 0 4 l. 4 " " ' “ y 0 c X * “ 10 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings 1/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations hy Industry division) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers receiving slamlght-time weekly earnings of - 1 1 1 * * 4 4 4 1 ?— $ $ 4 $ 4 4 4 — 4---- * i 4— 4— Number Weekly30.00 32.50 35.00 3 7.5 0 40.00 4 2.50 45.00 4 7.5 0 50.00 52.50 55.00 5 7 .5 0 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 $ sched Weekly of 100.00 and workers uled earnings fluid under hours over 32.50 3 5 .OO 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 ?2 .50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 ?5.00 100.00 .po Wom e n - Continued Clerks, general, s e n i o r .... ................ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..... ...... ....... ........ Nonmanufacturing 2 / ..... ......... •••••• Public utilities * ..... ...... 1tf____ Wholesale trade ........... . Retail trade ....................... . Services ..... ........................ Clerks, general, intermediate ..... ........ Manufacturing ............................ N o n m a n u f a c t u r l n g......................... Public utilities * ......... •••••••••. Wholesale trade •••••••.............. . Retail trade ........... •••••••....... Finance ** ................. ••••••••••• Services •••.............. ....... ••••• 5^7 115 432 48 162 60 78 2,307 407 1,900 151 578 283 424 464 $6^.00 72.50 - - 62.00 - - 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.5 40.0 39.5 39.0 39.0 53.50 56.00 53.00 63.50 53.50 Clerks, general, .junior......... ........... Manufacturing •••••••••.... ......... •••• Nonmanufacturing ••••••.................. Public utilities * .................... Wholesale t r a d e .... ••••••••••••••••• Retail trade •••••..................... Finance * * ............................ a ._ . . ... 2,181 377 1,804 357 396 275 194 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.0 40.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 Clerks, order ............................ . M a n u f a c t u r i n g ................. ........ .. Nonmanufacturlng 2 / ...................... Wholesale trade ........... ........... 41 +.Y»*»rlA 295 96 199 133 44 40.0 4o.o 40.0 40.0 40.0 Clerks, pay r o l l ..... ...................... M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............................ Nonmanufacturlng ••••••••••••............ Public utilities * .... •••••••••..... Wholesale trade •••••.... ...... •••••• Retail trade •••••............ ........ Finance ** ............................ Services .•••••................. •••••• 738 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 4 o .o 39.0 39.5 582 489 103 148 98 63 77 16 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.0 40.0 M.O 37.5 19 - 16 _ _ 6 - 15 19 4 _ 4 22 3 19 It 73 11 62 k 30 17 19 10 9 30 71 2 12 1 4 6 1 - 9 2 38 19 1 6 7 17 15 17 22 356 34 279 49 224 64 322 230 160 8 90 43 79 102 18 44 19 81 68 7 44 29 65 15 121 44 77 3 35 8 30 1 151 66 85 8 46 13 18 133 ^3 90 5 30 1 12 42 20 3 7^.50 64.00 - . - _ _ 66.00 - - - - - - - - - 4 4 4 70 5 65 40 3 22 230 29 201 3 - 8 8 8 - 181 16 - 28 28 28 - 321 39 282 17 59 94 47 65 60.50 50.00 52.50 51.50 46.00 v r .50 35 94 45.5 0 52.00 47.00 45.5 0 4 1.5 0 44.00 35 . - 94 _ 94 53.50 60.50 35 50.50 50.50 51.50 . - - - - 55.50 56.00“ 55.50 51.50 58.50 54.00 57.00 55.50 - 165 16 149 87 18 1 43 4 4 - 4 • See footnotes at end of table* * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 18 . 18 12 12 - 1 1 - 165 . 39 74 9 ^3 _ 96 8 24 70 138 30 108 10 27 6 57 8 265 53 212 32 39 4 88 *+9 461 70 391 27 90 109 81 84 362 36 326 16 77 96 91 46 146 32 114 1 15 37 61 2 2 - 4 . 4 41 _ 4l 32 27 37 10 27 12 1*5 45 18 29 27 29 18 6 24 5 12 12 21 2 19 12 - 41 17 24 110 40 70 22 32 47 5 3 13 - 2 - 6 6 6 120 45 75 15 35 13 12 65 7 58 13 12 6 8 8 2 4 6 - & 27 20 1* 6 - 9 4 3 156 30 126 2 82 14 28 51 32 19 7 8 4 - 4 26 66 46 3^ 14 20 20 8 4 4 1* 14 6 - 19 4 15 9 6 28 10 18 12 6 83 91 43 48 4 18 12 13 1 36 16 5 7 6 73 2 29 13 16 1* 12 _ 44 4 40 31 1 30 6 3 27 3 - 16 64 5 59 32 9 - 10 10 - 15 3 43 6 37 31 6 - 107 4 103 103 - 5 5 - 17 17 - 12 12 - 35 49 25 24 4 1 20 2 18 1 6 2 5 57 7 50 27 20 - 3 4 2 1 32 12 20 1 6 - 21 7 14 71 7 13 12 2 10 7 3 26 26 2 20 4 87 11 76 48 23 5 63 32 31 26 3 2 - - _ 18 15 3 2 2 - 1 1 _ - 1 2 . - . 1 _ - - - - 2 2 2 - - - - _ 1 1 - - - - - - " “ " - 26 20 6 6 1 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - 19 4 15 12 - 3 - 5 • - - - 2 4 4 - - - 10 1 9 4 - - - 2 “ ” 3 10 25 1 - 20 3 1 13 - 9 1 17 7 10 1 7 ~ 29 6 23 21 11, T able 1 . — OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - C o ntinued (Average w e e k l y earnings l / a nd w e e k l y scheduled hours for selected occupations b y industry division) Sex, occupation, and industry division Average $ $ $ $ $ * Number Weekly sched Weekly 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 1*2.50 1*5.00 of and workers uled earnings under hours 32.50 35.00 37.50 1*0.00 42.50 1*5.00 1*7.50 Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ * * 1*7.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 8 5 .00 90.00 V 95.00 $ 100.00 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72 .50 7 5 .OO 80.00 85.00 90.00 9 5 .OO 100.00 and over Women - Continued Duplicating-machine operators ............. Manufacturing....... ................. Nonmanufacturing .................. . Public utilities * ................ . Wholesale trade ...... ............. Retail trade ........ ............... Finance ** ........ .......... ...... . Services ................... 2 i*6 1*2 Key-punch operators ....... ............ . Manufacturing........... ....... . Nonmanufacturing ....................... Public utilities * .................. Wholesale trade ............... ..... Retail trade ........ .............. Finance ** ................... Services ....... ............... ••••• 880 I88"1 692 108 Office girls ............ . Manufacturing ......................... Nonmanufacturing 2/ .................... Wholesale trade ................... . Retail trade ...................... . Finance * * ......... ........ ....... Services ...... ..... ..... ......... k7 3 13b 119 56 38.0 Secretaries ............................. Manufacturing ........ ..... ............ Nonmanufacturing *............... . Public utilities * ................. Wholesale trade ...••••••..... Retail trade ............ Finance ** ...... .......... . Services ................... ••••••••• 3 ,12 2 39.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 39.0 38.5 20 k 19 70 19 36 60 Ik k k9 330 61 339 111 29 92k 2,198 213 5^2 238 613 592 39.0 $1*8.50 1*0.0 5 1.0 0 1*8.00 52.00 39.0 39.0 1*0.0 1*0.0 38.5 3 7 .5 1*9.00 1*7.00 1*7.00 1*7.00 3 9 .5 52.00 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 39.5 1*0,0 39.0 1*0.0 53.50 51.50 53.50 57.50 53.00 1*8.00 39.0 39.5 38.5 39.0 1*0.0 1*3.00 1*6,00 1*1 .5 0 39.0 50.00 . - - 13 13 - 6 2 7 19 - - 1* 6 1 2 2 1 18 5 - 3 13 25 58 25 12 1*6 8 2 2 Ik - ll* 1* - 2 10 3 19 - - 2 38 - 16 62 72 80 - 3 59 10 62 ll* 12 - 27 9 20 5 2 16 1 66 12 1* 1*1 2 2 15 1C 1 11* 20 68.50 63.00 - - - - - - 64.50 64.50 - - - - - - - - 1* 1* ^3.50 1*3.00 1*1.0 0 39.50 61*.50 60.50 63.00 62.00 - - See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 3 3 - i* . 1* 1*1* 2 1*2 28 - 20 2 18 1 21 3 6 5 9 7 1 7 13 - 1 9 19 _ 5 69 7 91 62 6 1+1* 79 15 3 5 55 3 1 Ik 9U 51 ^3 37 9 31 28 22 19 9 12 91 27 61* 7 3 3 37 12 66 8 58 3 19 3 9 21* 21 11 10 2 6 1 1 - 11*0 10 81 130 13 7 1*2 6 6 1+ 11 16 68 26 16 11 5 3 - 39 15 33 ll* 19 2 5 3 8 2 8 8 2 - - 2 2 1*0 1 21*8 137 51 197 1*2 - 39 - 81* 5 79 - - 20 18 16 Ik 1* 15 1* 2 13 1 12 8 39 15 9 1* 3 38 28 6 20 107 15 95 13 9 10 38 25 12 1 11 8 3 - 119 1*1* 75 6 39 17 13 - 11 3 _ 3 7 IT 3 3 _ _ 3 3 59 11 1*8 8 27 11 2 6 l* 9 - 18 9 9 9 _ - _ - 199 33 1*71* 120 166 351* 31 28 61 32 1*0 32 31 55 99 111 - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - 1*8 1*1 36 5 *3 7 19 6 2 1* 20 16 1 1 269 3^ 235 35 70 31 3i* 65 22 36 1^ . _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - 203 122 81 1* 1*2 - 1* _ - _ - - - - - 33l* 72 205 76 129 15 50 210 179 206 85 88 125 91 3 10 1*8 6 6 27 20 57 23 53 153 9 53 1* 65 1*1 18 22 13 5 1* - 262 23 68 23 67 81 18 _ 1* 17 1* _ _ _ _ _ - - 5 21 9 _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ . - _ _ - - _ - _ - _ _ _ _ - 85 I 30 1* 1 10k 22 33 52 20 10 1 3 1* - 1 1 25 3 25 29 17 3 ll* 17 6 1 _ - 3 - _ 191 87 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ 12 Table 1.— OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings l/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Sex, occupation, and industry division Average Number of workers $ $ $ & $ $ $ $ * Number Weekly sched- Weekly 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 1*0.00 V2 .5 0 V 5.00 V 7 .5 0 50.00 52.50 of _ _ _ _ workers uled earnings and under hours V 5.00 50.00 55.00 35.00 32.50 52.50 37.50 1*0.00 V2.50 V7 .5 0 receiving straight-time weekly e a m l .ngs of $ $ $ $ 1$ $ $ $ $ $ 1 1 $ 55.00 57 .5 0 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and over 70.00 65.00 60.00 57.50 62.50 6 7.5 0 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 Wo m e n - Continued $ 55.00 205 39.0 39.0 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 1*0.0 1,09^ 951 3 9 .5 38 .5 53.00 52.00 1*70 39.5 2^ 1*1*1* 61 **5 261 1*0.0 57.50 60.50 57.00 Stenographers, general ....................... Manufacturing ........... . N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ...... ............ ...... Public utilities * ..... ............... Wholesale trade ........................ Retail trade ••••••••........... ••••••• Finance * * .......... •••••••••••••••••• Services •••••••••••••••••..... ....... if,98 6 1,352 3,63 V V77 907 Stenographers, t e c h n i c a l ................. . M a n u f a c t u r i n g .... ............. •••••••••• Nonmanufacturing 2 / .................. . Public utilities * ..................... Wholesale trade ........ ••••••......... Services ......... ••••••••••••••••..... Switchboard operators ............ ........ . Manufacturing ............................. N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g.......................... Public utilities * ..... ••••••........ Wholesale trade •••••.................. Retail trade ........... ••••••••••••••• Finance * * ...... ....... ...... ........ Services ............................... 981 161 820 81 197 Switchboard operator-receptionists ........ Manufacturing ............................. N o n m a n u f a c t u r i n g................. ........ Public utilities * ................... . Wholesale trade ••••••................ . Retail trade ......... ••••••........... Finance ** ........ •••••........ ....... Services ................. ............. 97*+ 213 761 1*2 106 129 307 311 Ilk 108 186 39.5 1*0.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 56.6 1*0.0 1*0.0 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 1*0.5 39.0 39.5 55 367 22 18 1* 1*8 16 - - 20 1 20 1* 16 - - 19 - 16 - - 9 - 25 1* 28 5 72.00 69.00 - - - - - 53.50 - - - - - - - 6 6 - - 5 1 61* 61* 11* 20 8 7 15 21*7 21*7 18 - - 10 26 167 112 1 111 15 21 18 ll* J*3 5 31* - - - 150 19 131 1*6 26 7 52 230 19 211 121* 25 30 32 5l*.00 52.50 58.00 52.00 50.50 58 .OO 1*9.00 ^9.50 52.50 1*9.00 50.50 1*6.00 50.00 52.50 1*9.00 53.50 1*9.50 1*8.50 51.50 1*6.50 - - See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1*22 15 129 20 - - 7 - 66 11*1* 20 58.00 k 62 2 3 3 - 3l* - 6 28 1*1 1*1*" 5 5 _ 1 26 61* 17 623 w 55k 55 65 53 733 172 561 126 515 193 537 112 698 187 322 1*1* 62 21+ 108 1*25 511 106 169 7l* 53 125 132 212 183 81* 62 62 26 32 32 1 - 53 1 52 - 55 2 25 **3 121 12 121 28 OQ 109 2 12 25 22 1*8 127 38 89 5 6 17 22 39 53 6 1*1* 50 19 7J 01 ~>->- 10 1 9 38 13 13 19 151* 1*5 109 10 10 1 ill* 29 85 6 13 60 1*6 18 - 3 19 l* 25 323 187 136 271 1*1*1* i&cT 95 3**9 21 11 7 37 5 16 26 8 251* 1* 91 >*9 1*1 102 12 163 27 121 159 56 1* 11 11 1 10 21 2 19 1 15 - 12 11 1 - 50 11* 73 23 6 17 5 12 - 196 66 127 8 119 2 - 106 59 10 **9 1 18 10 17 3 39 9 30 5 - 11 8 6 61 1* nC J'-J 52 01 £--L. 5 8 2 12 9 5 10 2 1* - 1+2 57 ll* 1*3 5 23 15 23 19 5 6 8 - - 11 1* 7 5 65 28 37 21* 5 9 1* 1 8 1* 1* - 50 _ 2 1* 8 2 6 6 l* 1* 1 - 1 1 - 23 13 19 6 13 5 2 2 1* - 71 16 10 10 - - - - - 7 73 52 2 21 15 6 13 1 12 - 12 11 1 1 • 21 21 21 ■ 1 1 1 . 1 1 - - 50 1*9 1 - 2 2 ~ 2 2 1 _ - 1 _ - _ _ _ . - - - _ - _ . _ - - - - - - - ■ - . . - - _ 1 _ _ _ - - _ _ _ - - 1 1 _ _ - _ 1 - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13 Table 1.--OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average weekly earnings l/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations >y industry division) Sex, occupation, and industry division Average Number of workers $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Number Weekly sched Weekly 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 1*2.50 1*5.00 1*7.50 50.00 52.50 of workers uled earnings and under hours 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 4 2 .50 1*5.00 1*7.50 50.00 52.50 55.0 0 receiving straight-time weekly earnings of $ $ $ $ $ $ r 1 * * * * * 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 $ 100.00 and over 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 Women - Continued Tabulating-machine operators .......... . Manufacturing .......................... Nonmanufacturing 2 / ............ ....... Public utilities * .................. Retail trade ............. .......... Finance ** .......... .......... ..... 185 43 Transcribing-machine operators, general .... Manufacturing .................... . Nonmanufacturing 2 / .......... ......... Wholesale trade .................. . Finance ** ................ . 1+71 119 352 Typists, class A Manufacturing ................ ......... Nonmanufacturing................. . Public utilities * ..... ......... . Wholesale trade ......... . Retail trade ............... ........ Finance * * ........... ...... ....... Services ..................... •••••• 2,330 Typists, class B •••••........... ......... Manufacturing ................... . Nonmanufacturing.......... ............ Public utilities * .................. Wholesale trade ....... •••••••....... Retail trade .......... ............. Finance * * ....... ..... ....... ••••• Services ........................... 2,915 295 11*2 35 16 72 165 145 5^5 1,7 8 5 151* 1*18 12 1 637 1*55 2,620 144 610 166 987 713 39.5 40.0 39.5 4o.o 4o.o 39.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 40 .0 38.5 $ 57 .5 0 6 1.0 0 56.50 61.0 0 55.50 54.00 - - _ - 4 18 42 40 60 - 1 10 18 12 6 41 27 8 30 9 17 19 4l 24 17 12 26 188 2 186 294 17 277 332 33 299 348 75 273 317 84 233 15 10 62 - - - 53.00 51.50 54.50 - - - 4 - - - - - 4 5l*.00 1*9.50 55.00 1*9.00 1*9.50 1*9.50 1*9.00 - - - - - - 39.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.0 1*1*.50 48.00 44.00 45.50 47.00 45.00 42.00 43.00 33 33 - - - - - - - - - - - 20 1 62 28 20 97 64 45 127 193 335 . 55 58 5 73 58 124 195 2 122 1 553 47 194 506 4 51 32 2 9 10 - - - - 18 1 15 4 105 28 48 94 20 60 6 39 70 257 162 201 40 54 375 23 352 32 68 28 16 900 68 832 13 • 2 18 27 31 93 56 - - 19 5 24 4 16 130 - - 70 _ 4 48 57 ~ 32 4 1 8 2 75 19 98 91 - - 29 6 . 5 1.0 0 13 4 9 1 2 6 - 39.5 39.5 39.5 40.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 9 _ 3 53.00 - 4 _ 4 - 52.00 - - - 21 106 69 83 266 134 52 214 20 114 14 37 7 36 20 26 1 25 4 4 9 97 38 59 39 24 _ 24 3 5 14 16 2 50 11 3 7 _ 3 26 12 8 1 16 3 3 7 1 12 12 3 4 - - 36 6 15 39 14 36 6 12 8 6 6 _ 30 4 128 72 13 59 14 8 16 3 208 186 96 89 97 19 112 8 18 11 3 11 21 14 4 _ 7 166 86 80 17 13 14 47 81 8 1 1 3 1 2 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - 2 - - - - - 2 _ _ 1 _ 1 _ 1 _ 1 _ _ 1 _ 1 1 _ _ 1 _ 3 - 2 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 - 3 44 3 41 15 1 11 2 _ _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ „ _ 21 1 11 10 1 5 _ 15 15 _ _ _ _ 2 «. _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ _ _ 2 40 43 8 2 28 29 123 15 100 62 20 1 1 1 _ 108 19 _ _ _ - _ . _ _ _ _ 80 33 9 25 20 2 18 9 - 18 _ 1 - - _ _ _ 5 1 2 8 _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ . _ _ 18 - _ _ _ . _ - - 2 1 1 _ _ _ - - _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 _ _ _ _ _ 9 48 - 5 _ _ _ _ 50 9 42 3 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 ' l/ Excludes premium pay for overtime. 2/ Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. u Table 1-A.--OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - SAN 1RANCISCO COUNTY (Average weekly earnings l/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations) Average $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Number Weekly 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 1*0.00 42.50 1*5.00 sched- Weekly of and workers uled earnings under hours 1*5.00 42.50 35.00 1 + 0.00 V7.50 32.50 37.50 i Sex and occupation Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of * $ $ $ $ $ 1 $ $ 1 $ * 4 7.5 0 50.00 52 .5 0 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 6 7.5 0 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 8 5 .OO 90.00 95.00 $ % $ % 100.00 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 and over Men Bookkeepers, hand ............. ......... .... Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ..... Clerks, a c c o u n t i n g ................... . Clerks, file, class B ......... Clerks, general, senior ........ . Clerks, general, intermediate .... . Clerks, general, Junior .................... Clerks, order . Clerks, pay r o l l .... ......... .......... . Office boys ................ ......... . Tabulating-machine operators .... . 26 l 112 692 81 618 40.0 40.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.0 39.5 1+0.0 39.0 39.5 $ 73 .50 585 39.5 239 270 299 1,2 2 5 1*0.0 51.50 5^.50 613 296 9te 93 630 2 17 58.00 66.50 - _ 2 12 2 1*7.00 79.00 _ 2 2 13 3^ 19 16 10 5 3 25 8 1* 13 57 35 ^3 58 33 55 26 28 25 3 3 8 15 17 11 6 8 6 2 15 37 55 3 1* 2 8 15 ^7 70.50 67.50 1*1.50 1* 3 7 _ 63.00 50.50 10 13 58 3 5 5 29 115 65 ^5 132 71* 61*.50 1*2 3 23 109 111* 12 5 82 7 3 70 ll* 21+ 2 7 62 16 1 10 - ^7 29 73 10 1*8 39 65 21 ll* 79 100 27 1*8 3 26 21 81* 56 8 21* 1*8 1*9 T£0 12 11 7 1*1 r71 1 10 21 28 28 21* lb 35 1 2 26 10 35 68 167 23 16 73 103 112 35 38 1*1 116 * 19 11 1 103 19 30 5 18 81 1 19 50 35 b5 68 33 *0 20 19 _ _ 8 122 73 68 125 5 61 1* 70 9 3 35 8 1 12 - 18 1*2 29 15 5 5 1 10 8 1*1 2 11 28 20 13 11* 29 1 20 20 1 27 1 8 2 1 - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1* _ _ _ _ _ 1*8 1 2 _ _ 1* _ 2 1 Wom e n Billers, machine (billing machine) ......... Billers, machine (bookkeeping machine) ..... Bookkeepers, hand ........ . Bookkeeping-machine operators, class A .... Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ••••• Calculating-machine operators (Comptometer type) .................................... Calculating-machine operators (other than Comptometer type) ............ ...... . Clerks, accounting ................... . Clerks, file, class A ...................... Clerks, file, class B ...................... Clerks, general, senior .................... . Clerks, general, intermediate Clerks, general, Junior .................... Clerks, order ....... ....... ......... , C 1 erks, pay roll ........................... Duplieating-machine operators .............. Key-punch operators Of 1 c.e girls ....................... f See footnote at end of table 1,26 0 93 1,992 310 1,389 1+16 1,581 1,5 2 8 227 512 192 706 367 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 1 - 62.00 - _ - 52.00 - 11 66.00 _ 5l*.00 1*0.0 57.00 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 1*0.0 39.5 39.0 39.5 39.0 53.50 53.00 1*2 .5 0 62.50 52.00 1*6.00 55.50 56.50 1*8.50 5 1.5 0 1*3.00 _ 8 16 88 112 20 12 1* 68 1* 6 2 1 2 _ _ _ 5 _ - 11 36 170 1* 26 2 130 _ 56 63 3 5 2 10 35 _ - 2 28 118 8 12 ll* 1* 232 16 8 10 1 60 26 210 12 3 35 1 16 106 135 6 3 61 18 1 20 185 177 113 _ 186 13 91 1+ 181+ 1 231+ 28 181* 18 30 138 19 177 27 72 l* 159 338 90 -2 15i* 5 3 1* 11* 15 3^ 25 50 35 63 lb 12 62 270 21* 27 18 76 30 21*5 112 28 58 16 62 27 80 36 _ 187 2 11 6 _ 381 32 83 13 277 136 31* 83 59 111* ll* 225 30 20 109 18 1 79 10 238 16 11*1 31 52 23 1*0 15 235 16 11*8 60 30 26 27 1*5 19 71 27 13 52 11 110 13 23 51+ 96 21* 28 76 7 53 36 ll* 121* 33 15 30 77 39 1* 19 22 73 Oc 3 33 ^9 30 16 152 12 13 10 1*0 » _ ll* _ 57 27 118 5 12 1 57 79 23 26 7 22 51 17 12 1*8 3 15 29 31 9 10 28 _ 6 27 7 31 _ _ _ _ lb _ - _ 1 1* 3 26 11 7 16 23 _ _ 1* _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 15 Table 1-A.--OFFICE OCCUPATIONS - SAN FRANCISCO COUNTY - Continued (Average weekly earnings l/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations) ■ Sex and occupation Average Number of workers receiving straight-time $ $ 1 $ $ * $ * * * Number Weekly 57.50 60.00 62.50 sched Weekly 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 1+0.00 4 2.50 1+5.00 4 7.5 0 50.00 52.50 u of workers uled earnings and under hours 32.50 35.00 37.50 14-0.00 1+2 .5 0 45.00 4 7.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 5 7.5 0 60.00 62.50 65.00 weekly earnings of $ 1 * $ * * * * 65.00 67.50 70.00 72 .5 0 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 $ 95.00 100.00 and over 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 8 5 .OO 90.00 95.00 100.00 Women - Continued Secretaries ................................ . Stenographers, general .................... . Stenographers, technical •••••••............ Switchboard operators .... .............. . Switchboard operator-receptionists ......... Transcribing-machine operators, general .... Typists, class A ......... ••••••••.......... Typists, class B ............................ 1/ 2,545 3,880 335 759 728 391 1,831 2,334 39.0 39.0 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.5 39.0 $65.00 55.00 58.50 50.50 1+9.50 53.50 51.0 0 1+1+.50 1410 - 1+ - - - - - 1 - - - - - - 28 - 68 17 - 119 13 11+0 1+ 11+ 30 109 - - 10 335 17 1+60 26 193 573 1+2 105 108 98 1+1+ 301+ 191 91 56 281 117 26 205 80 25 122 35 201 25 261 328 12 11+3 1+07 223 728 70 119 1+30 52 1+0 86 90 ll+l 95 170 1+17 99 56 23 39 11+9 75 37l+ 625 1 1+5 25 21+ 86 19 215 268 18 50 39 36 119 272 160 15 I+ 233 11 21 8 6 61+ 18 281 2 10 10 15 35 1+8 1 11 - 152 33 15 1 2 9 - 1 1 187 2 13 - 2 173 163 1+ 37 1 - - 80 1 1 1 - 29 - - - - 1 1 1 - - - 1 - - - - - 3 - - Excludes premium pay for overtime. Table 2 -PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS (Average earnings l/ and weekly scheduled hours for selected occupations by industry division) Average Sex, occupation, and industry division Number of workers Weekly scheduled hours Hourly earnings Weekly earnings 40.0 39.5 1+0.0 $ 1 .9 6 2.01 1.95 $ 78 .50 79.50 1+0.0 $1+0.00 $1+2 .5 0 $1+5.00 *4 7.5 0 150.00 $52.50 55.00 $57.50 $60.00 $ $ $ Number of workers receiving straight-■time veekly earnings of $ 1 4 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 $ $ 95.00 100.00 and and under over 70.00 75.00 85.00 90.00 60.00 62.50 65.00 80.00 95.00 55.00 100.00 1+2.50 1+5.00 *+7.50 50.00 52.50 57.50 72.50 67.50 Men D r a f t s m e n .... .............................. Man u f a c t u r i n g ............. .............. Nonmanufacturing ............. ........... 227 105 122 Draftsmen, Junior 2/ ........................ 107 M a n u f a cturing..... ...................... ------ 55---- 39.5 _ _ - - 78.00 - - 1.51 T758 60.50 55^30 3 3 _ - 6 6 10 10 62.00 63.00 _ _ _ _ 2 2 - _ _ _ - - - 9 81 9 9 3 2 3 1 - 5 1+ 1 9 8 1 18 ll+ 1+ 19 7 12 10 2 8 29 12 17 35 18 17 8 r 7 7 10 9 7 12 6 10 3 1 + 1+ 2 3 2 1 5 2 6 6 2 2 8 7 _ 1 2 2 61 6 - 51 5 5 - 6 2 2 1 1 _ - - 1+ - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ “ - - - 6 10 9 8 1 19 15 1+ Women Nurses, industrial (registered) 2/ ........ Manufacturing ..........•••.. 1/ 2 31 1+0.0 1.55 22 1+0.0 1 .5 8 Excludes premium pay for overtime. for industry divisions not shown separately. ] Includes data 949080 0 51 -3 - - “ ~ - Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 16 Table 3 •- -MAINTENANCE AND POWER PLANT OCCUPATIONS (Average hourly earnings l/ for men in selected occupations by industry division) Number of workers receiving straight -time hourly earnings of Occupation and industry division Number Average $1.20 of hourly Under workers earnings $1.20 1.25 Carpenters, maintenance ........... ........ . Manufacturing ...................... . Nonmanufftcturing 2 / .... .................. Public utilities * ..................... Retail trade ........................... Finance ** .............. . ..... Services ........ ....................... 415 246 167 25 71 19 49 $ 2 .1 2 Electricians, maintenance ................. M a n u f a c t u r i n g ..... ...... ........ . Nonmanufacturing 2 / ....................... Public utilities * ..................... Retail trade ......... ......... ...... . Services ........................... . 57^ 376 2 .0 5 Engineers, s t a t i o n a r y .............. ......... Manufacturing ...................... . Nonmanufacturing 2 / ........... ......... .. Retail trade ....... .................... Finance **.••••«•••••,«,.•••••••••••••• Services ............................... 667 303 361* 36 25 293 Firemen, stationary b o i l e r .......... . M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............ ......... ...... . No n m a n u f a c t u r i n g ............... .......... 101 Helpers, trades, maintenance Manufacturing ............................. Nonmanufacturing 2/ ......... ............. Public utilities * ..................... Retail trade ........................... Services ...................... Machinists, maintenance Manufacturing •••............ ••,•••••••••, Nonmanufacturing 2 / ............ .......... Public utilities * ................ . S e r v i c e s .... .......................... Maintenance men, general utility ............ Manufacturing ......................*...... Nonmanufacturing 2/ ...................... . Public utilities * ..................... Wholesale trade ........................ Retail trade ........................... Services ................. .. 198 143 11 4l 170 69 1,828 89 ! “ 937 833 16 24 1,335 1 ,1 8 2 153 84 63 427 189 “ 238 56 98 21 35 2.08 2 .1 7 1 - $ 1 .2 5 $ 1.3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $1.40 $1.45 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .5 5 $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .6 5 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 5 $ 1.8 0 $ 1 .8 5 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1 .5 5 1.6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1.8 0 1.8 5 1.9 0 3 _ 2 2 _ 10 2 g- 3 " 9 ---- r 1 1 - 3 2 1 5 - - 3 2.02 _ - - _ - - 2 .3 5 - - - - 1.9 0 _ - - - _ - 3 - - - - _ 1 1 1 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5 5 5 _ - _ - - _ - - _ - « - 1 .6 7 - - - 2.02 1.88 1.86 - - - 6 6 6 - - " “ 1.99 2.40 2 .1 7 1 .9^ 2 jd 8 1.99 1.8 9 2.02 1.79 1 .9k 1.9 0 1 .7 6 1.7^ 1.81 1.64 1.64 1.73 1.56 1.55 1.52 1.39 1.99 1.99 2.04 1.99 2.14 1.90 1.95 1.86 2 2 9 9 3 6 - _ _ _ See footnotes at end of table, * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. _ 1 1 - - 22 20 2 2 - : - - - - 10 10 _ - 5 2 3 - - 8 8 8 - 3 - 3 2 1 1 - 6 6 6 3 - 11 3 8 14 5 9 1 1 1 - 169 - 3 12 157 154 - _ - - 8 8 8 ~ 1 1 1 ** - _ _ 5 - 1 10 10 10 - 29 12 6 6 3 3 - - 3 2 2 2 - 105 100 5 - 28 72 72 5 - 8 2 6 1 - 3 48 48 48 5 3 3 - 17 2 15 3 - 105 8 97 3 - 29 25 - 24 ____32_ 24 4 28 - 137 23 114 102 3 2 585 21 564 561 3 - 49 20 19 12 481 H 63 29 15 7 1 7 - 18 _ « - _ - - - - - - - 11 11 4 “ 3 3 3 - 17 6 11 •- - 6 6 2 4 3 3 2 1 12 15 I T ----- 6“ 4 6 3 5 - ” - 252 $ 2 .1 5 1 .9 5 2.0 0 2 .0 5 2 .1 0 2.15 2.2 0 74 67 7 50 37 13 24 24 13 7 6 5 1 147 52 95 1 16 44 33 11 6 _ _ 5 ---- 2 ~ 3 2 1 3 $2.20 and over - 4 3 - - 81 70 11 10 _ 108 24 84 84 _ 90 86 4 1 _ 111 104 7 31 30 1 _ _ _ 23 1 - 3 6 - - 3 20 50 31 19 9 20 10 10 1 _ 106 73 67 6 _ 78 73 5 5 5 28 2 26 11 15 - 4 5 25 2 4 - 25 21 4 30 3° - 5 5 - - - - - 16 7 9 2 3 4 - - _ 84 84 - 25 29 17 12 48 25 23 14 - 16 2 14 5 2 - $ 2 .1 0 5 5 15 15 7 6 1 - $2 .0 5 7 1 - 6 6 - - $ 2.0 0 _ _ 58 58 - - $ 1 .9 5 _ _ 247 5 - 8 8 - $ 1 .9 0 - 7 5 8 17 8 3 - 9 73 33 8 _ 69 Q 70 47 _ _ _ _ 34 15 19 _ - 19 - 4 4 - - - 7 7 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - - 397 339 58 56 2 334 329 5 3 2 192 179 13 - 157 136 21 2 42 42 13 19 - 18 18 - 78 39 39 15 24 42 27 15 25 17 8 180 85 95 12 8 4 4 - 2 2 _ 3 - - - - 3 _ _ ■ • - 3 28 8 20 . - _ - - - - - 8 92 2 ** 9 5 - - Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF IABCflS Bureau of Labor Statistics 17 Table 3 .--MAINTENANCE AND POWER PIANT OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average hourly earnings l/ far men in selected occupations by industry division) Number < of workers receiving 1s traight-time hourly earnings of Occupation and industry division Number Average $ 1.2 0 of hourly Under workers earnings $ 1.2 0 1.25 Mechanics, automotive (maintenance) ......... Manufacturing ••••••»•.................... Nonmanufacturing 2/ ....................... Public utilities * .................... Wholesale trade ••••••••••••••••••••••• Retail trade ...... .................... 959 120 839 430 365 39 $ 2 .0 7 2.04 2.07 Mechanics, maintenance ........ . Manu f a c t u r i n g ................... . Nonmanufacturing 2/ ......... •••••••••••• Public utilities * ••••••••••••••••••.. Services ............................... 820 1.96 1.97 1.90 196 52 29 2 .0 8 2 .0 6 2.07 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 5 $ 1.80 $ 1.8 5 $ 1.9 0 $ 1 .9 5 $2.00 $ 2 .0 5 $2.10 $2.15 1.6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1.8 0 1.8 5 1.9 0 1 .9 5 2.0 0 2.05 2 .1 0 2.15 2.20 - 10 10 . 357 21 336 _ - - - - - 51 22 29 21 6 1 132 2 1 - 12 2 262 - 9 9 _ _ kk - 9 5 8 8~ - 16 6~ 10 10 - 1.40 1 .4 5 1.5 0 1 .5 5 - - - - _ _ - _ - - - - - - - 20 20 - - - _ 1.8 3 2.00 - _ _ - - Painters, maintenance ........................ Manufacturing ............................. Nonmanufacturing 2/ ....................... Public utilities * .................... . Retail trade ............ ............ .. Finance * * ........... ........ ....... .. Services ..................... ......... 329 202 127 22 20 10 67 2 .0 1 2.08 1.89 1.84 2.26 2.10 1.77 - Pipe fitters, maintenance ................... Manufacturing ...................... ...... Nonmanufacturing 2 / .... •••••••••••...... Public utilities * .................... 313 287 “ 2 .0 5 2 .0 5 26 10 1.99 1.8 9 - Radio technicians ••••••••..... ••••••••••••• Nonmanufacturing •••••••••............... . Public utilities * .................... 71 71 71 2 .0 9 _ 93 2.01 2.06 r 2 _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12 12 - _ _ _ _ - - - - - - _ _ - - - «. _ - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. $ 1 .6 5 1.35 - 1 .6 2 1 .5 8 1 .6 8 1/ 2/ * ** $ 1.6 0 1.30 _ 15 1 100 51 k6 ♦ 1 .5 5 $ 1 .3 5 6 - Oilers ........................................ Manufacturing .................... ........ Nonmanufacturing .......................... Sheet-metal workers, maintenance 2 / ......... Manufacturing ......................... .... $ 1 .5 0 $ 1.3 0 - 2.09 2.09 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .2 5 $i.ifO _ 5 5 - 7 7 - 29 29 - _ _ - _ - 25 21 k 28 28 28 lif 8“ 6 8 8 1 . - k - k k2 1 ifl 2 2 - “ 6 6~ 8 2 6 1 . 132 kk 2k - 10 10 2 2 - - _ - 27 10 17 lk - 19 19 - _ _ 6~ 8 8 - - - - 85 188 67“ 18 8 ” - 39 39 _ - - _ _ - - 1 1 - 6 36 36 _ - 12 5 7 1 1 - 39 39 . . - 2 1 1 - 20 12 8 8 8 8 - 166 162 if - 75 6if 11 - 7 7 7 27 27 27 12 12 12 - 18 18 kk kk 18 18 3 3 11 11 5 7 2 - - - - 2 2 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ - 27 k _ • - - - 1 1 - - 5 _ _ - - - » - _ - - - - - - - - - _ - - - - - - _ - 5 _ 2 - ii* _ 8 8 - 336 9 253 216 _ 36 82 59~ 33 - 73 6 T 15 10 10 lif7 90 57 - - 51 ifO 11 1 _ 7 3 _ _ *_ 132 51 26 25 130 _ 23 2 _ 21 21 _ - - _ - - ■ - - - 13 12 1 _ _ 1 - 5 2 3 . 8if 56 28 3 - 16 1 11 18 18 - - lif lif _ - - - - - - - . ifif 26 “ $2.20 and over _ _ - - 25 25 25 - Table 4 -CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND SHIPPING OCCUPATIONS (Average hourly earnings l/ for selected occupations 2/ by industry division) Number of workers receiving sitraight-time hourly earnings of Number Average of hourly workers earnings Occupation and industry division Crane operators, electric bridge (under 20 tons) 3 / ....................... .......... M a n u f a c t u r i n g ............ . 246 243 $ 1 .7 5 1.75 498 1 .2 4 575“ 18 1.23 Under $ 0.95 $ 0 .9 5 $1.00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 . 1 5 $ 1.2 0 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1 .3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $1.40 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1.5 0 $ 1 .5 5 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1 .6 5 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 . 7 5 $ 1.8 0 $ 1 .8 5 $ 1.9 0 $ 1 .9 5 $2.00 $ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 and 1.0 0 1 .0 5 1.10 1 . 1 5 1.2 0 1.25 1 .3 0 1 .3 5 1.40 1 .4 5 1 .5 0 1 . 5 5 1 .6 0 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 . 7 5 1.8 0 1 .8 5 1.9 0 1 .9 5 2.00 2.05 2 .1 0 over 25 25 1 1 14 11 1 2 - _ . - - - - - - - - - - - 12 12 3 1.11 - 9 77 - 4 4 _ 1 310 12 270 20 11 11 _ 11 - 1 _ _ _ 225 12 15 _ 4 8 29 27 - 1 1 _ - 326 299 4 4 4 77 77 1.2 6 1 .2 7 - Elevator operators, passenger (women) ........ Nonmanufacturing 3 / ................ ....... Public utilities * ...................... Retail t r a d e ......................... . Finance * * ..... ...... . Services ........ ..................... . 262 262“ 43 25 68 93 1.2 3 1.2 3 3 3 3 10 10 4 - 53 53 3 15 _ 2 2 2 _ 31 31 19 2 2 1 _ 87 87 _ - _ _ - _ 35 - 12 63 24 2 8 2 ---- S _ . . _ _ 6 1 - 8 8 _ _ _ - 9 9 7 _ 2 - - Garage attendants ................ M a n u f a c t u r i n g ....................... . Nonmanufacturing 3 / ....................... Public utilities * ...................... Retail trade ........... ................. Services ........... ............ ........ 551 6? 484 _ - _ - . - - _ _ _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ . 28 ---- ST _ 20 _ 20 _ - - - - - - - - - - - _ 6 - - - - 6 6 _ _ 6 6 6 Elevator operators, passenger (men) 3 / ...... Nonmanufacturing 3/ ........................ Wholesale trade .................. ...... Finance ............................... Services ......... ............ .......... ** Groundsmen and g a r d e n e r s .... # . 209 67 21 1.12 1.17 - 1 .2 6 1 .1 6 _ 1.59 I .60 1.59 1.54 1.58 1.52 50 17 33 1.40 1.59 6 - - 1.3 0 29 1.28 6 6 _ Guards ........ ••••••••••••......... .......... Manufacturing ......... .......... •••••••••• Nonmanufacturing ........................ Finance * * ............. ............ . 259 1 .4 9 189 70 12 1 .2 9 1.4 9 Janitors, porters and cleaners (men) ......... Manufacturing ............. ................. Nonmanufacturing ........................... Public utilities * ..... ............ . Wholesale trade ......................... Retail trade .......... ............ ••••• Finance ** •••••............ ............ Services .......... ........ ............. 5,423 1,1^9 4,274 506 258 635 Nonmanufacturing 3 / ........................ Services .............................. . 691 2,184 - - - - - - 3 - - - 2 2 - 1.3 0 100 225 1.46 1.26 1.31 1.31 1.35 1.28 1.21 - - 100 8 8 84 225 1.57 6 - 219 3 - 5 5 - 31 - 5 31 1 182 - I'D. ___ li. - J 8 3 _ 8 2 _ 1.6 0 9 10 60 7 172 76 376 175 89 1,549 26 14 30 56 15 47 _ 20 76 23 22 24 2 1 70 _ 574 12 149 14 100 28 361 773 See footnotes at end of table. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 5 - 4 4 - - 7 6 32 32 4 10 4 14 - - - - 84 84 6 6 27 24 26 26 8 8 3 3 2 1 - 4 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - • 15 15 _ - 98 39 59 36 23 84 _ 4 79 --- 4 4 75 4 _ 4 4 - — w 1 1 - - 5 4 1 1 _ - _ - _ _ 18 6 12 - - 9 47 44 3 4 4 2 37 30 7 3 3 1 2 2 16 666 242 90 152 17 72 .334 188 146 108 49 29 9 14 _ _ _ ~~W 39 39 - - 341 215 205 142 136 10 21 20 48 37 73 84 66 18 2 1 1 1 2 2 7 4 3 3 1 1 1 187 137 50 6 4 2 44 31 19 . _ 64 _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 3 3 .. - - _ _ _ .. .. - - - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ 72 30 30 _ . _ _ _ __ _ - _ - - . _ _ - - _ - _ 29 4 r _ _ - 11 199 18 215 - - 6 128 - - - - 381 41 46 149 30 115 - - 96 74 22 - 106 560 - _ 67 568 187 .. _ _ 15 9 - _ .. _ _ _ _ 96 . - . _ _ _ 72 5 15 4 - 39 39 - 2 - - - - «• 19 19 14 14 4 4 - - - 12 12 13 l 12 _ _ _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ * _ 32 - - - _ - 18 18 «• _ _ .. _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 19 Table 4.— CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND SHIPPING OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average hourly earnings 1/ for selected occupations 2/ by industry dlylslon) Number of vorkars receiving straight-time hourly earnings of Occupation and industry division Number Average of hourly ■workers earnings 62 $1 .1 1 1 1.10 1 TO 20 *52 sc- 1*28 1*21 97 646 1 .1 7 1.0 8 Order fillers .... ................... ......... Manuf a c t u r i n g ........... ................... Nonmanufacturing 3 / ............... ....... . Wholesale trade ......................... Retail trade ••••••••••.......... ••••••• 2,295 226 2,069 1,511 557 1,55 1 .5 8 1.55 1.55 1.54 Packers ....................................... Man u f a c t u r i n g ...... ...... .............. .. Nonmanufacturing 3/ ....................... 722 Janitors, porters and cleaners (women) ...... Nonmanufacturing............. ............. Finance ** ...... ......... •••••..... . Services ............... ............ . W V i o Ia m a Ia trad a Retail trade ...... •••••..... Shipping-and»receiving clerks ........... ..... Manufacturing •••••••••.............. •••••• Nonmanufacturing 3 / ........... ............ Wholesale trade •••••................ . Retail trade ........................ . 920 -----F T " 877 177 5^5 k6l 4l 673 1 .6 1 262 411 1.70 1.56 302 1 .6 2 99 1.40 5,671 1.57 “X 3 6 1.58 1.70 1.57 1.59 1.42 Stock handlers and truckers, h a n d ..... . Manufacturing .............. •••••••......... Nonmanufacturing ........................... Public utilities * ................... . Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 2,419 487 90 Truck drivers, light (under li tons) .... . 1 ,1 6 8 nrr ....... ... ... ............ Nonmanufacturing •••••••••••••••••••••••••• Public utilities * ..................... Wholesale trade ••••••••.... . Retail trade ..................... . S e r v i c e s ..................... .......... 1.51 1.54 1.50 1 5R 1.42 27373 3,298 302 224 944 149 445 91 259 1.78 I .80 1.78 1.80 1.72 1 .6 7 1.8 9 Under $ 0 .9 5 $ 0 .9 5 $1.00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 1 1 . 1 5 $ 1.2 0 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1.3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $1.40 $ 1 .4 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .5 5 $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .6 5 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 5 $1.80 $ 1 .8 5 $ 1 .9 0 $ 1 .9 5 $2.00 $2 .0 5 $2.10 and 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1 .2 5 1.30 1.35 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.55 I .60 1.6 5 1.70 1.75 1.8 0 1 .8 5 1.90 1.95 2.00 2 .0 5 2 .1 0 over 52 e; 200 ^7 200 109 109 7f 325 0 j 8 j0 1 D 9 2 237 10 7 227 TO 2. 11 ' 90 •* — 2 90 9 0 2 0 y0 6 6 11 2 66 58 200 91 118 2 94 108 _ _ 13 15 4 21 4 - - - - - - - - - - 4 3 1 21 21 - 4 3 - 13 12 1 _ 19 _ 31 15 15 - _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - • - - 19 - - 7 7 20 _ - - - - - 7 7 - - - - - - 20 20 - - - - 6 3 - _ 20 16 j 2 14 17 11 - - . _ . _ . - _ _ - _ . - - - - - - - - - 83 71 41 2 39 33 6 83 50 33 30 3 739 so 390 21 369 360 9 78 291 30 261 112 10 102 100 2 223 18 205 92 113 47 12 1 11 1 1 6 - - - - - - - 11 - - 6 6 - - - 169 76 93 84 1 1 10 _ _ •• - . . - c-yj - 10 - - - - - . 8 - - - - - - - 2 2 1 1 - - - - - - - - _ - - - - 4 39 4 - - 12 12 1 4 3 36 4 - 4 17 - - 9 30 10 19 1 18 12 6 42 3 39 32 7 28 21 57 18 39 4 20 10 5 215 146 69 2 57 1 9 23 8 - 30 10 - - - 27 9 18 18 1 49 8 29 - - - - - 2 - 24 29 - - - 49 3 8 - 8 6 - - - - - _ - 6 - - 2 - - 2 - 19 5 46 - 6 2 - 13 10 2 15 7 _ _ _ _ - . - _ - 3 1 7 - - 24 _ - _ - _ - _ 8 - - 16 - • 3 - - _ 16 - - _ 3 - 71 20 51 - y * 83 6 77 - 9 Q 8 58 57 1 1 23 71 5 2 - 8 8 Ja 5 14 - - 8 \ - - . 23 1 20 2 - _ - - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 - - “ ” - See footnotes at end of table, * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 125 7 - 7 659 411 248 254 16 238 60 25 35 12 23 443 2 ,2 16 368 833 75 1,383 - - 51 1,3 2 2 61 24 - 25 13 4 132 14 118 118 36 17 19 18 1 889 373 516 19 461 36 45 15 30 8 - 25 9 - - - - 20 5 - - 18 12 - 8 - 9 10 68 48 20 261 55 55 22 - - 22 20 2 - - 127 27 — 100 100 - 5ST 6 6 - 52 482 248 118 ~ S 9 3 “ 130 189 72 39 120 30 38 20 - 57 6 51 3 44 1 3 138 39 99 9 - 57 32 25 24 - - 47 33 14 y - 8 8 267 23 21 2 144 1 143 1 . - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - 25 113 1 82 - 2 - l4o 2 1 327 15 312 135 120 22 6 16 188 - .13. 85 20 103 3 1 2 “ 8 2 - _ 30 24 6 6 - 150 - - 52 25 27 26 1 213 103 - - 44 4 40 40 - - 80 - - 41 26 15 6 9 29 - 3 3 Q 397 70 327 - 151 97 54 - 35 232 34 41 217 34 2 17 - 41 - - - - - - - - - - - - 57 16 36 181 ■ 40 1 • - ~ * 20 Table 4 .— CUSTODIAL, WAREHOUSING AND SHIPPING OCCUPATIONS - Continued (Average hourly earnings 1/ for selected occupations 2/ by industry division) Number of workers receJ ving straight-time1 hourly earnings of Number Average of hourly workers earnings Occupation and industry division Truck drivers, medium (l-| to and including 4 tons) .................. ........... Manufacturing........... ........... Nonmanufacturing 3 / ••••••••••••••••••• Public utilities * ................ Wholesale trade ........... ..... . Retail trade ........... ......... . 2,370 TS3“ l,9*+7 553 1,20 8 m $ 1.8 9 2.00 1.87 1.76 1.93 1 .8 7 Truck drivers, heavy (over 4 tons, trailer ............................................................................................. 788 1.8 9 Manufacturing .................... .. Nonmanufacturing j J .............. .• Public utilities * .......... ..... Wholesale trade ...... ........... 118 1.9** 1.88 1.90 ty p e) 670 225 285 Trucker8 , power (fork lift) Manufacturing ....;.... Nonmanufacturing 3 / •••• Wholesale trade .... >Truckers, power (other than fork lift) 3/ Manufacturing...... Watchmen........... . Manufacturing ........ Nonmanufacturing ., Public utilities * Wholesale trade •., Retail trade ...... Services ....... . 625 59 180 133 1.6l 1.61 ik i .... 1,0 5 9 310 7^9 39 39 60 587 $ 0 .9 5 $1.00 $ 1 .0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $ 1 . 1 5 $ 1.2 0 $ 1 .2 5 $ 1.3 0 $ 1 .3 5 $1.1+0 $1.1+5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .5 5 $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .6 5 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 5 $ 1.8 0 1.00 1.0 5 1 .1 0 1.20 1.25 1.30 1 1.35 l.l+o 1.1+5 1.50 1 1 2 3 1.55 1.6 0 1 .6 5 1.70 1.75 1.8 0 3 6 271+ 6 6 23 1 22 315 26 21*8 208 - - - - - - - - - - 1 1 - - - - 1 1 1 - 2 2 3 2 - 3 3 1*0 - ** 1 ** • ~ “ - - - - - l.i+i iM 1.1+0 1 .1+2 1.28 1.33 1.1+2 3k 20 1 281 20 21*8 13 81* 1*8 - - - 1 .8 5 1*1*5 31 l*ll* 310 7 28 6 1.8 5 $ 1.9 0 $ 1 .9 5 $ 2.00 $ 2 .0 5 $ 2 .1 0 1.90 1.95 2.00 161 32 63 1*0 129 63 1*0 . - - 6 323 - - 3k 1*0 9 2 .0 5 891* 170 721* . 721* 2 .1 0 32 23 9 and over 106 105" - - - - - ** “ *• 9 11 51 11 1*0 13 13 * - - - - - - - - - - - 81* 36 36 - _ _ “ 1 . - - 1 - 19 1* 15 _ . . = - - - 2 20 23 7 10 - - 2 20 16 9 1 5 81 1** — 67 - - - - 5 - - - _ 12 - - - 6 - - - - - 3 2 15 6 6 i* 1 10 - _ l/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. 2/ Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. 3 / Includes data for industry divisions not shown separately. * Transportation (excluding railroads), cammunication, and other public utilities, ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 1.15 1 .8 9 1.67 1.61+ 1.78 1.75 i*8i* Under $ 0 .9 5 85 sr 21 11 - Ik 3 1 27 7 k 1 Ip ~ 72 501 21* 21 1*80 22 22 11 10 12 12 1*8 1*3 2k 38 Ik - - 5 5 - _ - - - 2 2k Ik 1*62 12 101 1*8 77 7 70 70 1*8 - 80 77 3 3 170 156" 21* 21* 110 101 9 6 29 32 32 29 29 7 7 6 16 22 IF 17 17 59 29 1*5 39 6 - 3 13 6 5 - 1 7 1*1* 33 33 ~ ” 386 6 - 6 6 - 1 58 6 - 1 57 29 1*03 ~ w n - - 35 6 155 72 125 - 72 - - 1*0 - - - - “ 20 no 31 - - _ _ _ _ 79 - - . _ - - - 20 20 - - - “ . . . . • • • * 3k _ k - • _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ 21 CHARACTERISTIC INDUSTRY OCCUPATIONS (Average earnings in selected occupations in manufacturing and nonmanufacturing industries) Table 5.— MEAT PRODUCTS, INDEPENDENT PRODUCERS l/ Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of Average $1.20 $1.25 $ 1.3 0 $1.35 $1.1+0 $ 1.^ 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ 1 .5 5 $1.60 $1.65 $1.70 $1.75 $1.80 $1.85 $1.90 $ 1 .9 5 $ 2.00 $ 2.0 5 $2.10 $ 2 .1 5 $ 2 .2 0 $ 2 .2 5 $2 .3 0 $ 2 .3 5 hourly $2.1+0 and and earnings under over 1 2 .2 5 2 .10 2 .2 0 1.8 5 2.00 2.40 1 .7 0 1.8 0 1.90 2 .3 0 1.6 0 1.40 2 .0 5 1.3 0 1.65 2.15 1.25 1.95 1.35 2 .3 5 1.75 1 A 5 1.5 0 1 .5 5 Number of workers Occupation 2/ Butchers, general, cattle killing ....... . Cutters, general, beef c u t t i n g ....... . Packers, sausage department (women) ..... . Sausage makers ...... ......... ................. Shacklers, cattle k i l l i n g ..... ...... . / * $2.20 2.20 1.26 2.27 1.73 38 98 1+7 129 9 - - - 1+0 - - “ - - 1+ “ - - - . . . . _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - 3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - “ 5 - - - - “ ■ - - ~ “ • l/ The study covered establishments with more than 20 workers In wholesale meat packing (Group 2011), si (Group 50I+7 ) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manuals (l9*+5 and I9I+9 editions) prepared 12 establishments with 838 workers were actually studied. 2/ Data limited to men workers except where otherwise indicated. 3/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. k Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of Average 1 $ $ $ $ 1 $ 1i $ $ $ 1 Number hourly 1.30 1.40 1.5 0 1.6 0 1 .7 0 1.80 1.9 0 2.00 2 .1 0 2.20 2 .3 0 2.1+0 2 .5 0 of earnings and workers under 3/ 1 .1+0 1.50 1.6 0 1.7 0 1.8 0 1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2 .1+0 2 .5 0 2 .6 0 167 17 !+ 220 30 $ 1 .5 3 1.84 1.8 5 1.8 5 89 1.84 38 2 .2 7 11+0 1.46 1.39 50 33 36 5° - 81+ 133 - 20 1 - _ _ - - _ _ - 151 180 23 67 - 20 35 i+ 22 - 3 2 3 - - 25 _ _ _ - _ _ _ - _ _ - 10 - 3 - 3 l/ The study covered independent foundries with more than 20 workers in the manufacture of castings from gray iron, malleable iron, or steel. Of the estimated 18 establishments and 2,080 workers in the Industry, 11 establishments with 1,7^1 workers were actually studied. These data relate to July 1950- A follow-up check Indicated that a 12-cent per hour across-the-board Increase was effective January 29 , 1951; data in the table have not been adjusted to reflect this Increase. 2/ Data limited to men workers, 3/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. 23 67 1+3 - 7 6 9 - 3 16 6 13 - 33 “ . 5 3 21 - 10 - Table 7.— INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS l/ Number of workers recei^ring straight-time hourly earning;s of Average Number hourly $1.60 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ of earnings and 1 .6 5 1 .7 0 1 .7 5 1.8 0 1 .8 5 1.90 1 .9 5 2.00 workers under 1 1,65 1.70 1*75 1.8 0 1 .8 5 1.90 1-95 2.0 0 2 .0 5 r ~ Chippers and grinders... Coremakers, hand ...... . Molders, f l o o r .... . Molders, hand, bench ... Molders, machine ...... Patternmakers, wood .... Shake-out m e n ..... .. Truckers, . h a n d ......... - .ges and other prepared meat products (Group 2013) and merchant wholesalers of meats and provisions the Bureau of the Budget. Of the estimated 2 7 establishments and 1,350 workers in these industries, Table 6 .- -FOUNDRIES , FERROUS 1/ Occupation 2/ _ . - Occupation 2/ / Chemical operators, class A .... Chemical operators, class B •••• Chemical operators* helpers .... 199 181+ 112 $ 1.9 2 _ _ _ 30 1.8 3 18 8 - 32 1.72 “ 1+5 36 31 5*+ 1+5 . 24 ~ 36 - 16 21 99 - - l/ The study covered establishments with more than 100 workers in the manufacture of indus trial inorganic chemicals (Group 281) and industrial organic chemicals (Group 282), except syn thetic rubber (Group 28210 and explosives (Group 2826), as defined In the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (I9I+5 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget. Of the estimated 10 establishments and 2,800 workers in these industries, 6 establishments with 1 ,9 9 7 workers were actually studied. 2/ Data limited to men workers. 3 / Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 22 . Table Occupation 2 / Number of workers Labelers and packers (men) ......... . Labelers and packers (women) .......... .. M i x e r s ........ ......... .................. . Technicians ....... ...................... . Tinters ...................................... YuinA 127 52 179 69 Varnish makers ............................. . kk l/ Bureau 2/ j/ bj J Average hourly earnings a 1.81 1.89 1.64 1.8 3 Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of $ 1 .6 5 $ 1 .7 0 ¥ 1/75 $ 1.8 0 $ 1 .8 5 ¥ 1^90 ¥ 1 .9 5 $2.00 $ 2 .0 5 ¥ 2 0 0 $2.15 $2.20 P T 25 $ 2 .3 0 $2.35 $2.40 $2.1*5 $2 .5 0 $ 1.^ 5 $ 1 .5 0 $ l 3 5 $1.35 and under 1.1*0 $i.4o 1 .4 5 1.50 1 .?? 1.6 0 1.6 5 1.70 1.7? 1.8 0 1.8 5 I .90 3 1 - 23 12 1 1 - 31 8 7 10 - 3 1 13 6 - 58 13 - 2 1 6 1 63 13 2 1 3 1 23 1 7 b2 2 19 6 $ 1.6 8 1 .5 0 1 .7 5 8 .— PAINTS AND VARNISHES l/ - 23 - “ 69 b 7 1 eOi 2 3 10 5 2 b - 1 .?? 2.00 2.05 2.10 2 .1 5 2.20 2 .2 5 2.30 g .35 2.1*0 2.45 l - 1 1 1 6 10 3 1 1 - 1 - - 1 3 - 1 1 - 1 - - - 1 - 1 3 “ ~ 1 2 5 22 2 " 2 .5 0 _ 2 a2 L 1 » 1 - 1 The study covered establishments with more than 7 veneers in the manufacture of paints and varnishes (Group 2 8 5 1 ) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (19^5 edition) prepared by the of the Budget. Of the estimated 31 establishments and workers in the industry, 16 establishments with 1,921 workers were actually studied. Data limited to men vorkers except where otherwise indicated, Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. 2,62 0 Table 9• — FABRICATED STRUCTURAL STEEL AND ORNAMENTAL M E T A L W O R K l/ Occupation 2] Crane operators, electric bridge (under 10 tons) ......................... ..... . Crane operators, electric bridge (10 tons and over) ................... .......... Fitters, structural, class A ............ Flame-cutting-machine operators.... ••••••• Lay-out men, class A ....................... Power-shear operators, class A .......... .. Welders, hand, class A ..... ............... Welders, hand, class B ................ . Weldors, machine, class A .................. Number of workers Average hourly earnings 2/ $1.1*5 and under 1.50 bl $ 1.58 19 2b 1.53 1.86 1.68 1.9 1 1.60 1.76 1.67 1.99 18 2 - 102 51 75 51 123 109 bO Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earnings of $ 1.75 $1.80 T O T $ 1.90 $1.95 $2.00 $2.05 $2.10 $2.15 ¥2.20 $ 1.50 ¥ 1.55 $ 1.60 $1.65 ¥ 1.70 1.55 1.60 1.65 1.70 1.75 1.80 1.85 1.90 1.95 2.00 6 22 - 76 11 2 53 2 - 16 8 6 33 - ¥2.25 ¥2.30 ¥2.35 $2.40 2.35 2.40 2.45 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 2.30 . - - 2 - 2 - $2.1*5 and over 20 6 18 . 22 - - 10 - 6 1*8 81 l* b 2 - 61 20 - 8 - 16 b 2 - b - _ _ - - 2 ■w 6 l/ The study covered establishments with more than 20 workers in the manufacture of fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal wor k (Group 3 ^ 1 ) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (19^5 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget. Of the estimated 11 establishments and 3,320 workers in these industries, 11 establishments with 2,0 56 vorkers were actually studied. 2 / Data limited to men workers. 2 / Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 10.--MACHINERY INDUSTRIES 1/ Occupation 2/ Number of workers Average hourly earnings $1.30 and under 1.35 y Assemblers, class A ........................ Assemblers, class B ••••.............. •••••• Assemblers, class C ......................... Drill-press operators, single- and multiplespindle, class A ••••••...... ........ . Drill-press operators, single- and multiplespindle, class B ...... ...... ............. Electricians, maintenance ............ . Engine-lathe operators, class A ............ Grinding-machine operators, class A ........ Grinding-machine operators, class B •••••••• Inspectors, class A ............ ..•••••••••• Janitors ..... ........ ............ ••••••••• Machinists, production .............. ••••• Milling-machine operators, class A ...... . Milling-machine operators, class B ........ Tool-and-die makers (other than jobbing shops) ••••••••••••••.................. Welders, hand, class A ........... •••••••••• 1*06 $ 1 .3 5 $1.40 $1.45 $ 1.5 0 $ 1 .5 5 1.40 1.45 1.5 0 1 .5 5 1.6 0 305 195 $ 1 .7 9 1.54 1.47 86 1.71 152 1.53 1.94 _ _ . 65 - - - 1 .8 5 1.8 3 - 1.62 1.81 1.38 1.84 70 8 - . . “ “ 23 Ik l h9 3k 13b 10k k€k 10k 1.70 1.65 - _ - - _ _ . 37 1.63 237 2 .2 1 1.8 2 * 1 .8 3 - 6 - 116 - _ 21 - - 9 - 83 - 129 195 - . - - - 13 12 - kk - - 8 - - - 1.8 0 _ _ _ _ - 32 k - 28 - - - - _ - 25 _ 1.85 1.9 0 2.00 1 .9 5 2k - 6 - ko _ _ _ - 7 298 - 10 - k 30 8 k 5 1.75 . 69 - - 21k Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earning s of $1.60 $1.65 $ 1 .7 0 $ 1 .7 5 $1.80 $ 1 .8 5 $ 1.90 $ 1.9 5 $2.00 98 25 2k - - k2 $ 2 .2 0 $2 .2 5 $ 2 .3 0 2 .1 0 2 .1 5 2 .2 0 2 .2 9 -2.30 2.35 - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ - - . _ . - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - k 19 - 395 k 20 67 7 - - - _ k _ 30 “ 198 3 8 1 _ $ 2 .1 5 k k - 19 36 32 - $ 2 .1 0 _ 5 - _ 2.05 $ 2 .0 5 k5 - _ _ - - _ 173 k ~ ** _ * l/ The study covered establishments with more than 20 workers in the manufacture of nonelectrical machinery (Group 35) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (19^5 edition) prepared "by the Bureau of the Budget. Of the estimated 59 establishments and 9,910 workers in these industries, 18 establishments with 6,081* workers were actually studied. A 12-cent per hour across-the-board increase, effective February 1951, is not reflected in the data. 2/ Data limited to m en workers. 2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Table 11.— BANKS l/ Average Occupation and sex Number of workers $ Weekly scheduled hours Weekly earnings 2/ 32.50 Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earninga of $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 1 * * $ * 35.00 37.50 40.00 4 2.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 6 5 .OO 67.50 70.00 72 .5 0 75.0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 J 1 and under 35.00 37.50 1*0.00 42.50 45.00 4 7.5 0 50.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72 .50 75 .0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 ? 5 .oo 100.00 Men Tellers, paying or paying and receiving, commercial..... .......... ............. Under 5 years' service ................ 5 or more years' service k o .o $ 60.00 56.50 79.00 _ - _ - - 301 k o .o 1*6.00 11 5 10 111 53 k o .o k o .o k o .o 57.00 5^.50 59.50 - - - - - - 317 262 55 1*0.0 1*0.0 _ - _ - - 5 5 2 2 52 52 61 31 31 - - - - 33 90 1*8 1*9 3^ 1 1 - • 2 2 3 3 11 10 1 30 - 65 62 3 26 1* 21 15 6 10 6 1* 5 2 3 13 1* 1* - _ - _ 15 13 2 12 7 5 1*0 13 27 20 k 16 7 - - - - - 61 - 1* 2 5 6 11* - - - - - - 1* 2 5 6 Ik 1* - _ - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - * - - - - ■ ‘ 1* Women Bookkeeping-machine operators, class B ....... Tellers, paying or paying and receiving, conmercial..... ............. ••••••••••• Under 5 years' service .................. 58 l/ The study covered banking establishments with more than 100 workers. 2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime. 949080 0 51 - 4 - - - 7 Of the estimated 17 establishments and 10,01*0 workers in the industry, 10 establishments with 7,797 workers were actually studied. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 12. — DEPARTMENT AND CLOTHING STORES l/ Occupation and sex Average Number of workers receiving straight-time weekly earnings of Number Weekly Hourly Weekly $ $ $ $ $ 1 $ $ $ $ 1 1 $ $ $ $ $ $ * $ Under $ of sched- earn- earno .oo 4 2 .5 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 5 2 .5 0 55 .0 0 5 7 .5 0 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 7 2 .5 0 7 5 .0 0 8 0 .0 0 8 5 .0 0 9 0 .0 0 9 5 .0 0 100.00 105D0 11 0.00 $ and workers uled ings 1 0 0.00 105.00 110.00 over 6 0 .0 0 6 2 .5 0 6 5 .0 0 6 7 .5 0 7 0 .0 0 hours 8 0 .0 0 85.OO 9 0 .0 0 4 2 .5 0 4 5 .0 0 4 7 .5 0 5 0 .0 0 V 40.00 T 4 1 45.00 95.00 72.50 75.00 52.50 55.00 57.50 Men Sales clerks: Furniture and bedding, upstairs store ..... Men*s clothing, upstairs store ....... Men's furnishings, upstairs store ....... . Women's shoes, upstairs store ••••••••••••• Tailors, alteration, men's garments ...... 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 77 95 59 116 62 $ 2.24 2.23 1 .6 1 1.78 _ - $ 8 9 .5 0 8 9 .0 0 - 1 64.50 4 1 7 1 .0 0 6 6 .5 0 1 .6 6 - 1 3 3 3 8 1 5 3 1 2 10 1 6 5 2 8 4 1 3 12 15 3 2 6 7 2 4 3 48 1 6 1 3 1 3 1 1 2 5 2 2 2 2 1 3 4 12 9 3 1 2 8 1 5 1 7 14 7 4 2 18 6 1 8 5 7 1 5 6 2 3 2 1 10 1 1 - - 4 5 7 8 2 - 2 3 2 3 - _ 2 7 1 1 1 1 7 7 6 18 18 1 1 - _ - - Women 4 109 110 417 50 112 OJ Sales clerks: Furniture and bedding, upstairs store ..... Men's furnishings, upstairs store ........ Notions and trimmings, upstairs store .... Women's accessories, upstairs store ....... Women's accessories, downstairs store ..... Women's dresses: Regular or upstairs store, better dress and salon department ................. Regular or upstairs, popular price department ........................... Basement store ......................... Women*s shoes, upstairs store ............. Women's suits and coats, upstairs store ... Sewers, alteration. women's garments ......... 367 1P7 32 0 0 0 0 -- Cfl.shi er-wrappera -T__■■ 11,, Tn/Mm+.m* nna.AH rr.r1 242 46.00 49.50 59.50 53.50 45.50 49.50 46.50 1.15 1.24 1.49 1.34 1.14 1.24 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 4 o .o 1 .1 6 40.0 40.0 40.0 4o .o 4 o .o 4 o .o 1.50 1.25 1.15 1.44 1.43 1.25 8 20 1 1 10 7 4 31 45 13 6 0 .0 0 3 3 5 0 .0 0 5 21 5 13 46.00 57.50 57.00 1 _ 50.00 5 2 72 1t- 25 254 12 4 3 15 3 17 95 9 16 26 16 62 65 13 5 14 29 6 9 21 10 9 2 13 15 y* 4 15 7 35 1 2 14 2 2 3 39 24 46 136 2 29 4 _ 3 25 13 27 - 2 1 12 4 35 2 4 22 22 3 5 Oil 7 2 5 1 20 6 3 5 4 19 8 9 6 2 20 6 22 13 37 1 3 4 14 4 1 2 3 2 12 6 1 1 2 1 2 _ 1 8 3 11 _ 8 1 _ _ _ 12 7 _ 3 _ _ 2 6 _ _ _ 2 2 _ - - _ _ _ _ _ 1 .. 2 _ _ - 1 7 _ _ 1 _ _ _ _ _ . _ _ 1 _ Of the estimated 37 establishments and 18,510 workers 1/ The study covered department stores, men's and ■boys* clothing stores, women's ready-to-wear stores and family clothing stores with more than 100 workers. in these industries, 25 establishments with 13>405 workers were actually studied. 2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime. Table 13.— POWER LAUNDRIES l/ Occupation and sex Number of workers Average hourly earnings s/ $0.95 and under 1.00 $1.00 $ 1.0 5 $ 1 .1 0 $1 .1 5 1 .0 5 1 .1 0 1 .1 5 1.2 0 Number of workers receiv ing straight-time hourly earnings of $ 1.5 0 $1.20 $1.40 $1.30 $ 1 .5 5 $ 1 .3 5 $1.45 $1.25 1.25 1.30 1.35 i.4o 1.6 0 $ 1 .6 0 $ 1.6 5 $ 1 .7 0 1 .6 5 1.70 1 .7 5 1.45 1.50 1 .5 5 . 5 - 3 2 - 2 3 - . 8 - 4 - - - $ 1 .75 " 1.80 Men Extractor operators .................... . Washers, machine ...... ........ .......... . Wrappers, bundle 48 68 21 $1.37 1.41 1.20 36 533 1.15 .99 1.17 1.19 1.09 1.20 _ . 1 _ _ . - 5 3 4 2 12 - 80 89 1 2 1 _ - . 3 6 4 45 9 4 _ _ 2 4 U7 6 _ 20 2 _ _ 4 34 - 1 42 5 2 _ 1 - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - 2 4 _ - - - - _ - - - 2 _ - 1 - 1 - - - Women Clerks, retail receiving ...................... Finishers, flatwork, machine ........... . Identifiers ••••••••.............. ......... . Markers Pressers, machine, shirts ••••••.•••••..... . Wrappers, bundle ••••...... . l/ 2/ 87 97 189 23 The study covered power laundries with more than 20 workers. Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. 365 _ 65 3 92 11 9 4 2 - _ - - - - - - - 3 Of the estimated 31 establishments and 2,360 workers in the industry, 23 establishments with 2,025 workers were actually studied. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 14. ~ A U T O REPAIR SHOPS l/ Occupation 2/ Number of workers Average hourly earnings 1/ $1.40 $1.35 and under 1.40 1.45 r M M Number of workers receiving straight-time hourly earn!.ngs of $ 1.6 0 $ 1 .6 5 $ 1 .7 0 $1.75 $ 1.8 0 $1.85 $1.90 $ 1 .9 5 $ 2.00 $2 .0 5 $2 .1 0 l 2 o T $ 2.2 0 $ 2 .2 5 W T 30 $ 1 .5 0 1.50 l.?5 1.6 0 1 .6 5 1.70 1.7? 1.8 0 1.8 5 1.90 1.9? 2.00 _ _ _ _ _ 5iOo" 2.05 2 .1 0 2.15 2.20 2 .2 5 2 .3 0 2.?5 2.40 2 .4 5 _ 6 190 18 10 7 76 24 23 18 4 28 10 _ 21 7 2 .5 0 $ 2 .5 0 and over West bay Area (Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties) 30 131 a aATti Mechanics, automotive, class A ......... . Washers, automobile ••••••••••••••••••••••••.. _ $ 2 .2 3 2 2^ 1-a OJ J 2.04 l .OJL JL 398 Body repairmen, metal ........................ fa fa 1,038 127 47 **■f ^1 32 8l 1Q7 _ _ 41 ,7 2.32 1 s6 275 1,232 17 2)02 1 .5^ 12 1 Washers, automobile ..... ..................... _ _ 17 2 .2 1 380 25 24 - 71 - 12 16 14 East Bay Area (Alameda, Contra Costa, and Solano Counties) Body repairmen, metal ........................ Electricians, automotive ............ . *5 6 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 104 527 172 18 1 _ _ _ 17 17 285 _ 1 988 90 81 36 2 8 _ 24 _ 24 _ - 322 7 7 _ _ _ - _ 9 _ 7 7 k l/ The study covered establishments with more than workers in general automobile repair shops (Group 7538) and. motor vehicle dealer establishments, new and used cars (Group 551) as defined in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual (l$&9 edition) prepared by the Bureau of the Budget. Of the estimated 317 establishments and 9*320 workers in these industries, 37 establishments with 2,333 workers were actually studied, 2/ Data limited to men workers. 3/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Table 15•— HOSPITALS 1/ Occupation and sex Number of workers Weekly sched uled hours Average Hourly earn ings Number of workers receiviniz straig at-time weekly earnings <of Weekly $47.50 earn and ings under $50.00 $52.50 # 55.00 # 57.50 #60.00 #62.50 #65.00 #67.50 $70.00 # 72.50 $75.0 0 $80.00 $85.00 # 90.00 # 95.00 50.00 5 2 a 50 55.00 57.50 60.00 62.50 65.00 67.50 70.00 72.50 75.0 0 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 2/ 2/ $100.00 and over Men Laboratory technicians (clinical) ........ Pharmacists...................... ...... X-ray technicians ...................... . 48 35 32 40.0 40.5 40.0 #1.61 2.38 1.61 #64.50 96.50 64.50 _ - _ - 1 74 239 2,030 30 50 97 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.5 40.0 40.0 1.56 1.56 1.43 2.31 1.56 1.46 62.50 62.50 57.00 93.50 62.50 58.50 _ _ 62 5 6 134 10 - 4 4 - - 1 10 3 2 1 11 2 14 65 2 9 9 6 747 3 10 29 62 745 22 31 _ 54 174 8 9 34 40 93 - - 2 - 5 8 20 - 4 19 10 1 3 10 15 3 2 1 - 5 1 - _ - _ 5 2 - __ _ .. - 6 - 9 - 9 - _ _ 6 - 7 - 7 - 1 _ 11 - Women Dietitians .............. ............... Laboratory technicians (clinical) ........ Nurses, registered .......................... Pharmacists ................................. Physiotherapists ............................ X-ray technicians ....................... 1/ 2/ The study covered hospitals with more than 100 workers, Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. 5 18 1 4 — 19 3 — _ 2 3 6 ** Of the estimated 34 establishments and 12,820 workers in this service, 14 establishments with 7,058 workers were actually studied. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 26, Table 16.— HOTELS 1/ Table 17 •— RAILROADS (Average weekly earnings 1 / and weekly scheduled hours for selected office occupations and average hourly earnings 2/ for selected maintenance, power plant, custodial, warehousing and shipping occupations) Average Occupation and sex Number Weekly Weekly sched earnof workers uled hours Occupation 3/ Average Number hourly of earnings workers £/ v Maintenance and Power Plant Office Men Clerks, a c c o u n t i n g ......... Clerks, general, junior .... Office boys ................. Stenographers, general ......... 72 132 50 35 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 $ 66.50 55.50 48.00 61.00 Electricians, maintenance ... Tiremen, stationary boiler... Helpers, trades, maintenance ...... ....... . Machinists, maintenance .... Maintenance men, general utility ................... Mechanics, automotive (maintenance ............. Sheet-metal workers, maintenance ............... ) 122 17 338 249 90 25 176 $ 1 . 7^ l.w 57 362 1.33 1.39 1.51 1.45 1 . 7^ 1.71* 1.7^ 1.7*» Women Custodial, Warehousing and Shipping l/ The study covered year-round hotels in San Francisco County vith more than 100 workers. establishments, employing 3>713 workers, in this industry were studied. 2/ Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. All 11 Calculating-machine opera tors (Comptometer type)... Clerks, general, Junior .... Key-punch operators ..... . Stenographers, general ..... Typists, class A ........... Typists, class B ........... l/ 2/ 3/ 195 80 51 no 51 51 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 4o.o 40.0 59.00 55.50 58.50 60.00 61.00 57.50 Janitors, porters and cleaners ........... ....... Stock handlers and truckers, hand ......... ...... ....... Truck drivers, light (under tons) •••••••••••••••••• 1^ 31 Excludes premium pay for overtime. Excludes premium pay for overtime and night work. Data limited to men workers. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OT LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 27 UNION WAGE SCALES (Minimum wage rates and maximum straight-time hours per week agreed upon through collective bargaining between employers and trade unions. Rates and hours are those in effect January 1951.) Table 19.— BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Table IS . — BAKERIES City and classification Rate per hour Hours per week $1.87 1.71 1.99 1.90 42 42 37 1/2 37 1/2 2.00 1.93 1.84 1.56 38 38 38 38 2.00 1.93 1.84 38 3/4 33 3/4 38 3/4 1.41 1.56 1.41 38 3/4 38 3/4 38 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 2.05 1.99 37 1/2 37 1/2 1.90 1.81 37 1/2 37 1/2 1.53 1.61 1.43 37 1/2 37 1/2 37 1/2 2.05 1.99 37 1/2 37 1/2 1.90 37 1/2 1.53 1.61 1.43 37 1/2 37 1/2 38 1.38 1.30 40 38 Bench macha ne helpers: Machine shops - cake: Mixers, icing mixers, overmen ........ ..... Ingredient scalers, scaling-machine operators, cake dumpers, bench hands, grease-machine operators, women auxiliary workers •••••••• Helpers: Women workers: Hours per week Bricklayers ................................. •. Carpenters Electricians o...... Painters Plasterers Plumbers Building laborers ....... ...... .............. $3.00 2.38 2.55 2.28 3.00 2.63 1.55 40 40 40 35 30 40 40 3.00 2.38 2.63 2.28 3.00 2.63 1.55 30 40 40 35 40 40 40 San Francisco San Francisco Hand shops - bread: Foremen Dough mixers, overmen .................... . Benchmen Bench and machine helpers ........ . Hand shops - cake: Foremen Mixers, overmen ..... ••••«•• ............... Bench hands ••••••••....... Helpers: First y e a r .... ................. ........ After first y e a r ....... . Pan cleaners ........... ....... •••••••••••• Machine shops - bread: Foremen Dough mixers, overmen ••.•»•••••••••••••••••• Dividermen, molders, roll-machine operators, ingredientmen, benchmen, bread packers, pan greasing-machine operators, women Rate per hour City and classification Oakland Oakland Hand shops: Foremen and overmen.... ............ . Bench hands ............................... . Machine shops: Foremen, dough mixers, and overmen Dividers, molders, roll-machine operators ... Table 21.— CANNING (FRUITS AND VEGETABLES) - OAKLAND Bricklayers Carpenters Electricians Painters Plasterers Plumbers Building laborers .......... .................. Men Bracket I (Examples: Cannery mechanics, class 1; printers, labels and forms; and searner mechanics, class l) .................. ...... Bracket II (Examples: Cannery mechanics, class 2; head labeling operators; seamer mechanics, class 2; and shipping leadermen) ............ Bracket III (Examples: Cannery mechanics, class 3 ; cooks, tomatoes; label-machine operators; retort operators; and syrup makers) •••••••••••••••• Bracket IV (Examples: Coil cleaners; feeders, labeling machine; hand casers; and liner operators)... Bracket V (Examples: Can run attendants; can forkers; car and truck loaders; and labeling inspectors) .............. .................. Women Floorladies ...... .... .............. . Women workers, except floor ladies ........ Table 20.— MALT LIQUORS - SA?.T FRANCISCO Classification Bottlers: First shift ........................... . Second s h i f t .... •••••••........... ....... Third shift ............................. Brewers: First shift ............. •••••.... . Second shift ...... ................. ....... Third s h i f t .... ..................... . Clerks (shipping and receiving) and checkers: First shift ........................... . o.. Second shift .............. ...... . Third s h i f t .... ...... .............. . Drivers: keg beer, bottle beer, shipping and special trucks ••••••••.... .. Helpers: keg beer, bottle beer, and shipping trucks ..•.•••..••••••••0 ...0 .....••»»».««».. Night loaders (second shift) ..... ........... Washers, truck: First shift .............. ........ ... Second s h i f t ..... ................... . Rate per week Hours per week $77.00 79.00 81.00 40 40 40 81.50 83.50 85.50 40 40 40 77.00 79.00 81.00 40 40 40 80.50 40 77.50 82.50 40 40 77.50 79.50 40 40 Rate per hour Classification 2j Hours per week .3/ $1.90 40 1.73 40 1.55 40 1.42 40 1.34 40 1.34 1.18 40 40 1/ The maximum straight-time hours which may be worked per week except during seasonal operations when "exempt” weeks may be claimed in accordance with provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act. The maximum straight-time hours which may be worked per "exempt" week are 48. 2/ This rate is also the basic guaranteed hourly rate for all workers (both men and women) in any job categories which may be placed on an incentive method of payment. Table 22.— LOCAL TRANSIT OPERATING EMPLOYEES City and classification Oakland Operators and conductors: 1-man busses and bridge trains: First 6 m o n t h s .... ........................ After 6 months ....... ..................... ■San Francisco Operators and conductors: 1-man busses and trackless trolleys, 2-man cars, and cable cars ........ Rate per hour Hours per week $1.48 1.53 40 40 1.53 48 Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 28, UNION WAGE SCALES - Continued Table 23 •— MOTOR TRUCK DRIVERS AND HELPERS City and classification Rate per hour Table 23.— MOTOR TRUCK DRIVERS AND HELPERS - Hours per week $1.63 1.76 1.85 2.23 40 40 40 40 Material: Drivers , truck: 1.62 8 cubic yards and over •••••••••••••••••. General: Drivers, truck: 10,500 lbs. and o v e r ............. . Low bed, dual or more axle t r a i l e r s ..... . Rate per hour Hours per week San Francisco - Continued Oakland Building s Construction: Drivers, dump truck: . 4. cubic yards or less ....... ........... . 4. to 6 cubic yards ••••••••••••..... .... City and classification Table 25.— OCEAN TRANSPORT - UNLICENSED PERSONNEL 1/ Continued 1.74 1.84 2.21 40 40 40 40 1.69 1.81 1.94 1.71 40 40 40 40 2.13 2.26 2.39 40 40 40 2.25 2.36 2.51 40 40 40 1.80 1.91 1.98 40 40 40 Newspapers and periodicals: Drivers, truck (day): Drivers, truck (night): Building: - Continued Material: Drivers, truck: Less than 4 cubic yards ............... . 4 to 6 cubic yards ......... . 6 to 8 cubic yards •••••••.......... 8 cubic yards and over •••••••••••••••••• General: Drivers, truck: Under 2,500 lbs. ........................... 2,500 to ,500 lbs.......................... 1,500 to 6,500 lbs.......................... 6,500 to 15,500 lbs......................... 15,500 to 20,500 lbs....................... Over 20,500 lbs. ........ . M dv i n g : Drivers, large vans ........ . Drivers, 1-ton auto trucks ••••••••••........ H e l p e r s .... ....... ................ ••••••• Piano movers •••••••..... . Petroleum: Drivers, truck: Less than 6 months •••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 to 12 months ........................... . 12 to 18 months ............. •••••••••••••• 18 to 24 months Over 24 months ...... •••••••••••••••••••••• A $1.63 1.76 1.85 2.22 40 40 40 40 1.56 1.63 1.69 1.75 1.81 1.88 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.75 1.75 1.63 2.00 46 46 46 46 1.75 1.79 1.82 1.86 1.93 40 40 40 40 40 Petroleum: Drivers, truck: Table 24-*— NONALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES - SAN FRANCISCO San Francisco Building: Construction: Drivers, excavating and dump trucks: Less than 4 cubic yards .................. 6 to 8 cubic yards .......... ............. 8 cubic yards and o v e r ............. . Clas sification 1.61 1.74 1.83 2.20 40 40 40 40 Bottlers Driver-salesmen Rate per week $72.50 76.50 Hours per week 40 40 Department and classification Deck department 2 /t Day men: A.B* maintenance men ................. .. Boatswains: , Vessels of 15,000-20,000 tons ........ Vessels of 10,000-15,000 tons ........ Vessels under 10,000 tons .......... .. Carpenters: Vessels of 15,000-20,000 tons ........ Vessels of 10,000-15,000 tons ....... . Vessels under 10,000 tons ........... . Carpenters* mates ................ . Deck storekeepers .............. . Watchmen: Able bodied se a m e n .... ............... . Boatswains* mates ...................... Ordinary seamen ..................... . Quartermasters .................. ..... . Watchmen ••••••..... ............. . Engine-room department g/: Day men: Chief electricians:. P-2 turbo-electric vessels ••••••..... P-2 turbine ve s s e l s .... . C-l, c-2, C-3, Victory Ships, and CIMAVI vessels ...... ............. . C-4 vessels ....... . Deck engineers: Class A and B passenger vessels ••••••• Freighters •••«..... ............... . F i r e m e n ................. .............. Unlicensed juniors ............. . Wipers ........ •••••.................. . Watchmen: Chief reefer engineers: R-2 refrigerator steam type vessels ... Freight refrigerator vessels, 52,000 cubic feet and over ............ . Freight or passenger refrigerator vessels, less than 52,000 cubic feet Freight vessels, less than 52,000 cubic f e e t .................. ••••••• Class A passenger vessels with air conditioning................ ..... . See footnotes at end of table Rate per month Hours per week #274.00 44 348.50 332.50 316.50 44 44 44 306.00 300.50 295.00 290.00 279.25 44 44 44 44 44 248.50 274.00 206.00 248.50 248.50 48 48 48 48 48 465.50 440.50 44 44 395.50 411.50 308.00 295.00 267.50 314.50 245.50 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 363.25 48 48 341.50 48 366.50 48 363.25 48 393.00 29 UNION WAGE SCALES - Continued Table 25.— OCEAN TRANSPORT - UNLICENSED PERSONNEL 1/ - Continued Department and classification Engine-room department 2/: - Continued Watch men: - Continued F i r e m e n ..... ............................ . Oilers ........ ............ ...... .... .... Second electricians: P-2 turbo-electric vessels P-2 turbine vessels ............ . Unlicensed juniors ..... .................. Watertenders ..................... ........ . Steward6 department ^/: Freighters: Assistant cooks: Offshore trade ............. . Alaska trade ...••••••••...... . Chief cooks: Offshore trade .......... ...... ........ Alaska trade ......... ........... ...... Chief stewards: Offshore trade .................. . Alaska trade ....... •••••••••••••...... Messmen and utility men: Offshore t r a d e .... ................... Alaska trade ............ ........... . Passenger vessels: Assistant laundrymen: Class A vessels ........... •••••••••••• Class B vessels ••••••..... ........... Chefs, class A vessels ...... ............ Chief cooks, class B vessels ............. Head waiters, class A vessels ..... . Linenmen: Class A v e s s e l s .... ................... Class B vessels ........................ Messmen and waiters: Class A vessels ................... .. Class B vessels ............. .......... Room stewards, class A vessels ........... Second stewards: Class A vessels ................. . Class B vessels ............... •••••••• Rate per month Hours per week $ 236.00 21*8.50 1*8 1*8 381.00 356.50 283.00 21*8.50 1*8 k8 k8 k8 251.50 251.50 k8 k8 283.00 283.50 k8 b8 312.50 336.50 k8 k8 211*-.00 220.00 k8 k8 352.00 291.00 k8 k8 k8 k8 k8 251.50 220.00 k8 k8 220.00 220,00 552.50 2 1 k .00 2 1 k .00 k8 k8 k8 39k .00 k8 k8 2ll*.00 319.00 Table 25 .— OCEAN TRANSPORT - UNLICENSED PERSONNEL l/ - Continued Department and classification Passenger vessels: - Continued Silvermen: Class A vessels ......................... Class B vessels •••••................... Storekeepers: Class A vessels •••••••••...... ...... . Class B vessels .................... . Third stewards: Class A vessels .......... ............ . Class B vessels Rate per month Hours per week $ 2 3 9 .0 0 2 2 6 .5 0 k8 k8 2 7 0 .5 0 2 7 0 .5 0 k8 k8 2 8 6 .5 0 2 6 8 .5 0 k8 k8 Table 26.— OFFICE BUILDING SERVICE City and classification Rate per hour Hours per week Oakland Cleaners (women) ....................... •••••••••• Elevator service (men and women): Starters ....................... ...... . Assistant starters ........ ................... . Operators .............. •••••••............ . Janitors, watchmen, and h a n d y m e n ...... ......... $1.08 1*0 1.26 1.20 1.17 1.17 Mo 1*0 1*0 1*0 1.17 1*0 1-37 1*0 1*0 1*0 1*0 San Francisco l/ All ratings receive $7*50 per month clothing allowance which is included in the basic rates shown* All ratings of un licensed departments also receive additional payment In accord ance with conditions as follows: 1. On vessels carrying explosives in 50-ton lots or over, 10 percent of basic monthly wages is added while such cargo is aboard, or is being loaded or unloaded* 2. On vessels carrying sulphur in amount of 25 percent or more of dead weight carrying capacity, $10.00 per voyage Is added. 3. On vessels operated in described areas of China coastal waters, 75 percent or 100 percent of daily basic wages, including allowances in lieu of overtime for Sunday day men, is added according to degree of proximity to the China coast and adjacent areas rendered unsafe by hostilities. 2/ The maximum straight-time hours which may be worked per week at sea. The maximum straight-time hours which may be worked per week in port are 1*0 for both day men and watch men. At sea, the normal workweek for watch men is 56 hours with 8 hours (Sun day) being paid at the overtime rate. Day men at sea are compen sated at the rate of $25.00 monthly in lieu of Sunday work at the overtime rate. This allowance is included in the basic monthly scales shown for day men. 3/ The maximum straight-time hours which may be worked per week both at sea and in port. At sea, the normal workweek for members of the stewards department is 56 hours with 8 hours (Sunday) being paid at the overtime rate. Cleaners (women) ...... .......................... Elevator service (men and women): Starters ..................................... Assistant starters ........................ . Operators ............. •••••....... ••••••••••• Janitors, watchmen, and handymen ....... ••••••••• 1.31 1.25 1.25 Table 27.— PRINTING - SAN FRANCISCO AND OAKLAND Classification Book and job shops: Bindery women •••••....... ...............••••• Compositors, hand Electrotypers ..................... ........... Photoengravers .............. ................. Pressmen, cylinder ............................. Press assistants and feeders: Cylinder press ............................. Platen press .............. .......... ...... Rate per hour Hours per week $1.1*8 2.67 2.63 37i 37? 37? 37? 37? 2.08 1.65 37i 37? 2.63 2.73 30 UNION WAGE SCALES - Continued Table 2 7 . --PRINTING - SAN FRANCISCO AND OAKLAND - Continued Classification Newspapers: Compositors, hand: Day work ................................ Night w o r k ..... ........................ Mailers: Day work ........... ......... ........... Night work ............... Pressmen, web presses: Day w o r k ............... . Night w o r k .... ................. . Stereotypers: Day work .•••*•••••..................... Night work .................. . Rate per hour Hours per week $2 .7 2 2.85 37* 37* 2.W 37* 37* 2.57 2 .6 1 2.7^ 2.60 '2.73 37* 37* 37* 37* Table 28. - -STEVEDORING Classification Longshoremen: General cargo ................... ........... Paper and pulp in packages of 300 lbs. or more ................................. Shoveling Jobs ................ . Phosphate rock in bulk ....... ........... . Bulk sulphur, soda ash and crude untreated potash .................................. Damaged cargo ••••••...•••.......... . Explosives ............................ .. Gang bosses, general c a r g o .................. . Hatch tenders, general cargo ................. Lift-truck-jitney drivers, general cargo .... Rate per hour Hours per week $1.92 30 2.02 2 .1 2 2.22 30 30 30 2.37 2.77 3.7^ 2.07 30 30 30 30 30 30 2.02 2.02 Table 29.--RESTAURANTS, CAFETERIAS AND LUNCHROOMS - SAN FRANCISCO Classification Class A restaurants: Bus boys and bus girls: Straight shift .... Split shift ........ Combination bus boys and dishwashers ...... Cashiers and checkers: Cashiers: Straight shift ...................... Split shift .......................... Checkers: Straight shift ...................... Split shift .......................... Combination cashiers and checkers: Straight shift ........... ....... •••• Split shift .......................... Cooks and other kitchen help: Assistants to any station .............. Butchers ...... •••••.................... Chicken and fish butchers Cooks (except pastry): Chef or head cook in charge ......... Second cook ............. •••••••..... All other cooks, except night cook ... Night c o o k ............ ........ ...... Oystermen .............. . Pantrymen: First pantryman ........ All other pantrymen ..... Pastry: Cooks: First pastry cook .... All other pastry cooks Ice cream men ........... Helpers in pastry shop .. Waiters and waitresses: Cash houses: Straight shift Split shift .. Hours Rate per per day______week $ 8.55 9.30 37* 37? 9.70 37* Table 29.--RESTAURANTS, CAFETERIAS AND LUNCHROOMS SAN FRANCISCO - Continued Rate per day Hours per week 7.95 6.95 37* 37* 37* Bus boys and bus girls: Straight shift ..... Split shift ....... 8.55 9.30 37* 37* Combination bus boys and dishwashers 9.70 37* 11.20 11.95 37* 37* 9.50 10 .25 37* 37* 10.00 37 Classification Waiters and waitresses: - Continued Other than cash houses: Straight s h i f t ........... . Split shift .................. Nightclubs and cocktail lounges 8.85 Cafeterias, dairy lunches, soda fountains: 9.50 10.25 37* 37* 10.50 11.25 37* 37? 11.50 12.25 37* 37? 11.35 37* 37? 37? Ilf .20 11.10 19.0 0 15*5 Ilf.20 15 .If5 37* 37? 37? 37? 11.85 37* 13.15 11.85 37* 37? 15*5 Ilf.20 12.90 IO.85 37* 37? 37* 37? 6.95 7.85 37* 37* Carvers, salad or sandwich men and women (when serving the public directly): Straight shift ........... ............ , Split shift ........................... . Cashiers and checkers: Cashiers: Straight shift ..................... Split shift ........................ Food checkers (cafeteria): Straight shift .................... Split shift ............. .......... Combination cashiers and food checkers (cafeteria): Straight shift ..................... Split shift ....................... 11.00 37* 11.75 37* Counter, fountain and supply men and women: Straight shift .................... . Split shift ............................ 9.50 10 .2 5 37* 37* Dish-up boys and girls (cafeteria): Straight shift ,.... Split shift ........ Waiters and waitresses: Straight shift .... Split shift ........ 10.75 8.75 9.50 37* 37* 7.95 37* 37* 8 .85 31 Table 30.— MINIMUM ENTRANCE RATES FOR PLANT WORKERS l/ Minimum rate (in cents) Table 31.--SHIFT LUTERENTIAL PROVISIONS Percent of plant 2 j workers In eeiatilskiaenis with ________ specified minimum rates in -_____________ Manufacturing All Whole Indus- Establishments with Public Retail sale Services tries 101-500 501 or more utilities* trade trade workers workers Percent of plant workers employed on eack shift in - Shift differential if All establishments..... . 100.0 100.0 80 or under .............. Over 80 and under 85 •••.• 8 5 ....................... Over 85 and under 90 ••••• 90 ....................... Over 90 and under 95 ..... 95 ....................... Over 95 and under 100 .... 100 ................... . Over 100 and under 105 ... 105 ...................... Over 105 and under 110 ... 110 ...................... Over 110 and under 115 ... 115 ...................... Over 115 and under 120 ... 1 2 0 ...................... Over 120 and under 125 ... 125 ...................... Over 125 and under 130 ... 1 3 0 ...................... Over 130 and under 135 ... 135 ..................... . Over 135 and under l4o ... 1 1 * 0 ...................... Over l&O and under 1^5 ••• 1^5 ...................... Over 145 and under 150 ... 150 ...................... Over 150 and under 155 ••• 155 ...................... Over 155 and under 160 ... 160 and o v e r .... . 1 .6 1 .0 - 5.3 - - 2 .1 1 .1 - 2 .2 5.9 Establishments with no established minimum .... 9.7 .3 3 .6 2 .8 - 2.9 .9 .3 8.3 - - 5.8 - 1.4 - 2 .1 •5 6.9 12 .2 .3 7.8 .1 4.4 .4 4.5 2.3 3.4 - - 1 .6 2 .8 1 .1 .1 1 .2 .2 2 .1 100.0 - 1 .0 1.7 - 2 .4 - 6^2 42.8 3.1 2.4 - - 1 .0 2.9 - 100.0 100.0 1.7 - 1.7 2.7 - 2 .1 - 4.4 - - 1 .6 1 .2 6 .2 3.3 13.2 3.2 3.5 - - .1 2 .2 5.2 - 1.4 1.3 4.5 .9 13.4 12.3 - - 4.4 2.3 16 .2 3.2 10.3 4.8 1.1 3.9 2 .1* .9 3*4 4.6 7.8 4.7 2.2 - 5.3 3.0 1.5 - 22.6 9.5 6.6 8.6 2 .8 100.0 6 .1 - 18 .2 100.0 2 .0 - 1 1 .0 1.7 3.2 - 2 .1 - _ 10 .6 - 8.4 1.4 14.7 3.4 - 2 .6 3.5 4.0 1.3 - 11.8 12.1 .7 6.3 1.4 1.3 5.1 1.6 14.8 59.9 42.2 7.1 12.7 13.6 1 .2 1 .2 - l/ Lowest rates formally established for hiring either men or women plant workers, other than watchmen. 2/ Other than office workers. J j j Excludes data for finance, insurance, and real estate. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Meat products Industrial chemicals Paints and varnishes Receiving shift differ entials ................... Uniform cents (per hour) . Under 5 cents ..... . 5 cents ............... Over 5 and under 10 cents ............ 10 cents Over 10 cents ......... Uniform percentage ....... 5 percent Over 5 and under 10 percent ........ . 10 percent ............ Over 10 percent ....... Full day’s pay for reduced hours .......... O t h e r .............. . Receiving no differential ... l/ 2/ Structural steel Machinery ______ IL ________ 3rd or 3rd or 3rd or 3rd or 3rd or 3rd or 2nd 2nd 1 2nd 2nd 2nd 2nd other other other other other other shift shift shift shift shift shift shift shift shift shift shift shift 16 .0 6.0 °.5 0.3 15.0 6.4 1.7 2.8 5.5 4.6 .5 - - - .1 - .3 .3 - .7 .9 .3 6.3 .2 1.5 1.1 1.9 .3 - - 15 1 3 .6 7.2 6.1 2-5 15.4 15.4 7.1 1.7 1 3 .6 1 3 .6 7.2 6.1 6.1 6.1 3.5 - 2.0 - 6.6 - 7.1 4.5 2.0 _ 4.1 - - - .8 5.3 1.1 - - - - - 1.1 - - 2.9 1.1 *2.2 2.5 7.1 .7 4.3 - Percent of workers on extra shifts, all establishments ... All manufacturing industries - .3 - ? .8 0.2 9.8 .2 » _ _ . . . _ _ _ - 3.5 - _ - 9.8 - .2 _ - 3.5 - - 9.8 - .2 - - - - 5.1 - .2 .1 .5 - _ - 1.5 .8 .2 - _ - - _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - 1.0 .5 - - - - - - - - .5 ( |/ ) .4 - Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. Less than 0.05 of 1 percent. Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 32 Table 32.— SCHEDULED WEEKLY HOURS Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in - Percent of women office workers employed in Weekly hours All industries Manuf acturing Public utilities* All establishments .......... ............... 100.0 100.0 100.0 35 hours .............................. Over 35 and under 37J- h o u r s ......... ....... 37-J hours ........ ........................0. Over 3?! and under 4-0 hours ................. 40 hours ............ ....................... Over 40 and under 44 hours .................. 44 hours .................................... Over 44 end under 48 h o u r s ................ . 48 hours .................................... Over 48 h o u r s .......... .................... 2.9 1.0 3.2 3.0 - - i o .c 16.8 4.5 75.5 1/ 2/ 2/ * ** 8.z 76 .c - .4 .i - - 5.0 90.1 Wholesale trade 100.0 5.2 2.2 9.1 83.5 _ 1.9 — - Retail trade All Finance** Services industries Manufacturing Public utilities* 1C0.0 100.0 Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100.0 100.0 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.7 2/ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0.1 12.3 0.3 .3 2.9 - 19.4 21.0 59.5 4.5 94.8 - - .7 5.4 5.0 74.3 1.8 - 5.0 1.8 - 94.9 94.5 - 1.0 - - 96.7 ~ - (2/) .4 .2 .8 .4 .1 — .4 “ 1.5 — 100.0 - - - 100.0 93.6 — 91.8 - _ 1.5 3.5 2.8 — .2 - Other than office workers, Includes data for industries other than those shown separately, Less than 0,05 of 1 percent. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities, Finance, insurance, and real estate. Table 33.— PAID H O L H A Y S Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in - Percent of office workers employed in Number of paid holidays All Industr165 Manufacturing Public Wholesale utilities* trade All Retail trade Finance** Services industries Manufacturing 2/ Public utiJities* All establishments ....................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Establishments providing paid holidays ..... 1 to 5 d a y s ............ ............... 6 days •••••....................... . 7 days ............................... . 8 days ............................... . 9 d a y s .......... ........................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 .2 99.5 .6 6.6 62.4 10.6 19.3 92.9 .6 22.8 43.7 13.5 2.3 90.8 .5 39.9 41.3 6.3 2.8 100.0 16.2 18.2 65.6 10 d a y s ............ .................... . 11 days ................................. ll£ d a y s ................................ 12 d a y s .... *............................. 99.9 .1 12.4 43.6 16.4 4.2 3.2 8.3 1.6 9.6 Establishments providing no paid holidays ... .1 i/ 2/ # #* - 40.1 46.8 10.4 1.9 - .3 - 9.9 25.4 62.0 .1 2.0 .6 6.3 73.7 19.6 .4 4.6 81.C 14.4 - - - - - - Other than office workers. Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. - 4.6 1.4 4.8 11.7 34.1 6.3 3 6.9 - .5 - - - 7.1 9.2 - Wholesale trade Retail trade Smnri npt s ioo. b 100.0 100.0 100.0 95.5 82.8 2.5 7.6 62.9 3.5 6.3 15.0 64.9 18.4 1.7 5.4 75.2 14.9 - - - - 4.5 17.2 Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 33 Table 34.— PAID VACATIONS (FORMAL PROVISIONS) Percent of office workers employed in All industries Manufacturing 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Establishments with paid vacations ....... Under 1 week ......................... 1 w e e k ....... |.... .................. Over 1 week and under 2 weeks .......... 2 weeks .......................... . 40.1 35.1 .1 4.9 43.9 43.3 .6 - 20.7 20.7 - 29.1 29.1 - 9.3 9.3 — 69.8 50.8 19.0 29.9 29.9 13.2 1.7 11.5 - 18.1 3.7 14.4 - Establishments with no paid vacations ..... 59.9 56.1 7 9 .3 70.9 90.7 30.2 70.1 86.8 100.0 20.5 1.4 77.7 100.0 100.0 61.0 39.0 - 100.0 14.3 3.3 82.4 - 1C0.0 100.0 .2 99.8 - 100.0 22.4 74.0 .4 3.2 99.3 62.9 3.2 32.5 - Vacation policy All establishments ....................... Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in - Finance** Services Retail trade Services 100.0 100.0 100.0 17.7 17.7 - 9.5 9.5 - 4.9 4.9 - 6.6 1.3 5.3 - 81.9 82.3 90.5 95.1 93.4 100.0 1C0.0 65.6 67.0 .7 7.2 27.2 - 33.0 - 96.1 51.9 2.3 41.9 - 100.0 80.0 20.0 - 97.9 39.4 53.9 4.6 .7 - - 3.9 All Manufacturing induj^ries Public utilities* Wholesale trade 6 months of service — • — 1 year of service Establishments with paid vacations ...... . 1 week .............................. Over 1 week and under 2 weeks .......... 2 weeks .................... ........ . Over 2 weeks and under 3 weeks ...... . • 3 weeks ................... ....... •••• Establishments with no paid vacations ..... 1 4 .1 .4 3.4 82.5 - - - (2/) - - 5 1 .1 48.9 - - - - 2.1 2 years of service Establishments with paid vacations...... 1 week .............................. Over 1 week and under 2 weeks......... 2 weeks .................. ........... . Over 2 weeks and under 3 weeks...... ••. 3 weeks ........... ................ •« Establishments with no paid vacations ...... 100.0 1.1 1.5 100.0 1.1 9 6 .8 95.5 - .2 .4 - 3.4 - 100.0 2.9 4.6 91.1 1.4 - 100.0 100.0 - 100.0 .9 1.1 98.0 - 100.0 100.0 - 100.0 3.7 99.3 17.0 10.8 69.9 .9 .7 92.0 •4 - 3.2 .7 - - .7 100.0 3 1.9 20.9 47.2 - 100.0 1.6 4.9 88.5 5.0 - 96.1 5.4 2.4 88.3 3.9 100.0 1.8 5.5 92.7 - 97.9 17.8 1.2 74.3 4.6 2.1 10 years of service Establishments with paid vacations ....... 1 week .............................. 2 weeks ............... ......... . Over 2 weeks and under 3 weeks 3 weeks ........ ................ . Over 3 weeks....................... . Establishments with no paid vacations ••.«•• 100.0 .5 82.7 4.3 11.4 100.0 .2 89.2 100.0 2.9 94.0 - - - - 16.8 10.6 3.1 - 2.1 18.7 28.2 - 2.8 - 87.3 1.9 8.0 .8 - - - - .7 1.1 - 3.1 - - - 1/ Other than office workers. 2/ Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. 2/ Less than 0,05 of 1 percent. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. 100.0 .8 97.1 100.0 71.4 .4 100.0 96.9 100.0 6 1 .7 / 99.3 1-3 100.0 .4 89.3 3.7 100.0 1.6 91.5 2.3 96.1 2.9 90.1 100.0 .3 95.2 97.9 3.6 66.5 - - - 4.6 3.1 - 4.5 - 27.8 - - 3.9 - 2.1 6.6 - - Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics Table 35.— PAID SICK LEAVE (FORMAL PROVISIONS) Percent of plant Percent of office workers employed in Provisions for paid sick leave All industries Manufacturing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Services F i nance** All M a n u f a cturing industries l/ workers employed in - Public utili t i e s * Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 2/ 100.0 .. All establishments ................ .... 100.0 100.0 6 months of service Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick leave .................. Under 5 days ...................... 5 days ............................ 6, 7, and 8 days ................... 9 days ....................... . 10 days .................. ......... Over 10 days ....................... Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ................. 34.1 1.6 6.0 8.6 4.9 8.7 4.3 45.1 6.7 5.8 14.6 22.6 » - 16.7 1.3 65.9 1 year of service Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick leave ................. Under 5 days ...................... 5 days ............................. 6, 7, and 8 days ................... 10 days ............ ................ 12 days ........................... 14, 15, and 16 days ................ 18 days ........................... Over 18 days .................... ... Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ................. 2 years of service Establishments with formal provisions for paid sick leave ..... -. .e*.., s s ;Under 5 days ...................... 5 days ............................ 6, 7, and 8 days 10 days ........................... 12 days ........................... 14 and 15 days ..................... 18 days ........................... 20 days ........................... Over 20 d a y s .......... ........ .... Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave ................. 10 years of service Establishments with formal provisions for p_aid sick leave ................. Under 5 days ....................... 5 days ............................ 6, 7, and 8 d a y s .......... ........ 10 days ........................... 12 days ........................... 14 and 15 d a y s .......... .......... 18 d a y s ....... ................... 20 days ........................... Over 20 d a y s ............... ....... Establishments with no formal provisions for paid sick leave l/ 2/ * ** 3.5 2.1 2.5 — 3.9 - 3.1 22.2 - - 1.8 .6 .7 - 7.0 1.7 1.3 10.0 11.4 1.5 2.4 .9 3.1 3.5 13.5 - 6.2 24.9 4.5 3.6 16.8 23.9 11.1 18.5 .9 100,0... , . 1Q&JCL. 3.1 1.9 12.4 .2 4.3 4.7 14.9 - 2.5 2.9 2.1 3.6 53.4 11.9 11.3 19.0 1.4 9.3 54.9 77.4 76.1 38.9 46.6 81.5 83.6 91.5 96.9 77.3 91.9 75.1 49.3 1.7 9.5 5.4 15.3 4.7 3.9 4.9 3.9 49.3 6.7 2.3 2.4 21.6 2.3 12.2 33.5 46.7 1.1 10.3 4.7 24.9 15.7 2.2 3.0 5.4 2.7 1.3 30.5 .3 6.5 3.6 3.5 11.1 5.5 32.4 1.3 14.1 .6 3.5 6.7 .7 14.5 2.1 5.1 .3 6.7 72.5 43.6 - - 21.5 14.3 41.2 2.9 - - - - 2.1 4.9 27.7 3.6 .5 .3 50.2 50.7 50.0 1.7 4.2 3.9 14.2 5.1 3.2 4.9 3.6 4.2 ZQ-3 _ 1.3 6.7 2.0 1.0 14.3 2.3 7.6 - 5.4 4.6 - - 1.1 16.5 53.3 34.3 42.1 69.5 67.6 85.5 27.5 56.4 78.5 53.8 37.8 46.7 Ti.i 4.3 4.7 28.6 15.7 56 .6 14.5 2.1 5.1 .3 3.9 n ' i ’3 76.9 C *OT —i-9S - 30.5 .3 6.5 3.0 1.9 10.4 6.9 1.5 33.1 2.2 1*-•*0*+2.8 - .2 - _ 3.3 5.6 23.5 19.3 _ - _ - 3.0 5.4 2.7 1.3 5.7 5.6 7.5 2.9 2.8 - - 1.1 13.3 34.9 5.2 - 1.1 19.0 11.6 4.3 50.0 50.7 12.2 53.3 34.3 43.4 50.2 1.7 4.2 3.3 7.3 4.7 4.6 4.3 3.7 14.9 50.1 6.7 2.1 1.0 4.7 2.3 3.3 87.8 46.7 16.3 56.6 11.9 13.1 49.3 49.9 - - 5.2 37.3 9.6 25.2 11.2 .2 - _ - 6.3 57.9 5.7 3.6 9.1 4.2 1.5 19.0 9.3 _ - 3.3 5.5 21.6 16.4 2.2 - - 1.1 - 4.3 4.7 9.6 2.2 3.0 6.0 2.7 1.3 - 5.7 5.6 6.1 2.9 1.4 19.0 _ 12.5 - - 6.3 .4 6.2 6.3 1.9 - 1.2 42.8 - 13.7 11.0 24.0 1.7 17.9 - - - 16.9 11.0 - A ^ - 22.5 1.3 14.9 4.2 .8 - 14.3 - - 2.2 5.4 - 1.6 .3 49.0 69.5 66.9 85.5 23.1 56.4 78.5 58.3 30.6 .3 6.5 3.0 1.9 9.8 5.5 33.9 1.3 6.3 •4 16.3 76.9 43.6 21.9 .4 4.2 .8 41.2 2.3 .5 1.6 20.5 3.0 3.6 9.2 58.8 - 5.6 4.2 - 5.1 .3 - - - 3.9 - - 15.3 11.0 1.6 - - 22.5 1.7 - 17.7 - - 14.3 - 43.4 69.4 66.1 83.7 23.1 56.4 78.1 83.7 - 2.1 1.7 53.3 - 2.9 - 49.0 12.2 - - 4.9 1.1 .5 1.7 24.3 6.0 9.7 .5 15.9 38.3 ) 4.2 .8 - 2.2 - — 4.4 .5 12.2 - - 2.2 .8 2.3 5.2 9.3 Other than office workers. Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. Finance, insurance, and real estate. IQQJ1 100.0 100.0 . ... 1Q0*0 ... . ....IQGUfl 100.0 100.0 — - Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 35 Table 36.— .NONPRODUCTION BONUSES Percent of'office workers employed in Type of bonus All industries All establishments ...... ..................... 100.0 Establishments with nonproduction bonuses 2 / ....................... ........... Christmas or year-end ..... ............ . Profit-sharing ............................. O t h e r .................................. . Establishments with no nonproduction bonuses ......................... .......... . Public utilities* Wholesale trade 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 39.5 37.4 6.7 2.0 20.9 19.5 1.3 - 16.7 16.7 - 29.5 29.5 - - 33.4 33.1 .8 2.7 76.4 70.3 23.2 5.7 35.1 32.5 2.6 - 10.0 9.4 .3 .3 9.2 8.9 .3 - 60.5 79.1 83.3 66.6 70.5 23.6 64.9 90.0 90.8 Manufacturing Retail trade Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in - 1 Finance** - Services All Manufacturing induj^ries Public utilities* 100.0 - 100.0 Wholesale trade Retail trade 100.0 100.0 100.0 20.7 16.9 .8 3.1 21.6 21.6 - 3.2 2.8 .4 - 79.3 73.4 96.8 Services 1/ Other than office workers. 2/ Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. 2/ Unduplicated total. * Transportation (excluding railroads), communication, and other public utilities. ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. Table 37*— INSURANCE AND PENSION PLANS Percent of plant 1/ workers employed in - Percent of office workers employed ii All industries Manufa6turing Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Finance** Services All establishments ........................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Establishments with insurance or pension plans 2/ ......................... Life insurance ........ ............. . Health insurance ................ ...... . Hospitalization............. .......... . Retirement pension ...................... Other.... .................... . 92.1 82.8 51.2 51.3 54.9 - 91.3 82.7 62.3 72.5 47.5 - 100.0 93.8 ' 28.0 13.5 91.6 - 94.7 86.1 42.2 39.6 51.2 - 82.1 69.6 37.3 36.7 19.1 - 94.6 89.7 67.2 69.1 73.3 - 83.6 62.7 44.8 42.7 16.0 - 82.0 66.2 46.5 42.5 42.4 - 87.1 75.5 64.7 58.7 48.9 - Establishments with no insurance or pension plans......... .......... ....... . 7.9 8.7 5.3 17.9 5.4 16.4 18.0 12.9 Type of plan 1/ 2/ — Other than office workers. Includes data for industries other than those shown separately. y Unduplicated total. * Transportation (excluding railroacfe), communication, and other public utilities ** Finance, insurance, and real estate. All Manufacturing induj^ries Public utilities* Wholesale trade Retail trade Services 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 88.3 23.3 12.8 83.5 - 81.1 72.0 46.0 38.4 34.9 - 69.6 55.6 35.6 34.2 15.4 - 61.9 23.7 34.5 42.5 13.5 - 18.9 30.4 38.1 “ Occupational Wage Survey, San Francisco, California, January 1951 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Bureau of Labor Statistics 36. A p p e n d ix A - £< & p* and Method off Suluey With t h e e xce ptio n , o f t h e u n io n s c a l e o f r a te s , in fo rm atio n p r e se n te d in t h i s b u l l e t i n was c o l l e c t e d by v i s i t s o f f i e l d r e p r e s e n ta tiv e s o f th e Bureau to r e p r e s e n t a t iv e e s ta b lis h m e n ts in th e a r e a su rv e y e d . In c l a s s i f y i n g w orkers b y o c c u p a tio n , un ifo rm jo b d e s c r ip t io n s were u sed ; t h e y a r e p r e se n te d i n Appendix B. The e a r n in g s in fo rm a tio n in th e re p o r t e x c lu d e s premium p ay f o r o ve rtim e and n ig h t work. Nonprod u c tio n bonuses a r e a l s o e x c lu d e d , b u t in c e n t iv e e a r n in g s , in c lu d in g com m issions f o r s a le s p e r s o n s , h ave been in c lu d e d for th o se w orkers employed under some form o f in c e n t iv e wage syste m s. Where w eek ly h ours a r e re p o rte d as f o r o f f i c e c l e r i c a l , th e y r e f e r to th e work sch e d u le s f o r w hich th e s a l a r i e s a r e p a id rounded t o th e near e s t h a lf -h o u r ; a v e r a g e w ee k ly e a r n in g s f o r t h e s e o c c u p a tio n s have been rounded to th e n e a r e s t 50 c e n t s . The number o f w orkers p r e se n te d r e f e r s to th e e stim a te d t o t a l employment in a l l e s ta b lis h m e n ts w it h in th e *sc o p e o f th e s tu d y and not t o t h e number a c t u a l l y s u rve ye d . D ata a r e shown o n ly f o r f u l l - t i m e w o rk e rs, i . e . , th o se who were h ir e d t o work th e e s t a b lis h m e n t ’ s f u l l - t i m e sch ed u le o f hours f o r t h e g iv e n o c c u p a tio n a l c l a s s i f i c a t io n . S i x broad in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s were co ve re d in c o m p ilin g e arn in gs d a t a f o r t h e fo l lo w i n g t y p e s o f o c c u p a t io n s : ( a ) o f f i c e c l e r i c a l , ( b ) p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l , ( c ) m aintenance and power p l a n t , and (d ) cus t o d i a l , w areh ou sin g and s h ip p in g ( t a b l e s 1 th ro u gh 4 ) . The covered in d u s tr y g ro u p in g s a r e : m an u factu rin g; t r a n s p o r t a t i o n ( e x c e p t r a i l r o a d s ) , com m unication, and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ; w h o le s a le tr a d e ; r e t a i l t r a d e ; f i n a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ; and s e r v i c e s . In fo rm a tio n on work sch e d u le s and supplem en tary b e n e f i t s was a l s o o b ta in e d in a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e group o f e s ta b lish m e n ts in each o f t h e s e in d u s tr y d i v i s i o n s . As i n d i c a t e d in t a b l e A , o n ly e s ta b lis h m e n ts above a c e r t a i n s i z e were s tu d ie d . S m aller e s ta b lis h m e n ts were o m itte d b e c a u se t h e y fu r n is h e d i n s u f f i c i e n t employment in th e o ccu p a tio n s s tu d ie d to w arrant t h e i r in c lu s io n in th e In fo rm a tio n on wage p r a c t i c e s r e f e r s t o a l l o f f i c e w orkers and to a l l p la n t w orkers a s s p e c i f i e d in th e in d iv i d u a l t a b l e s . I t i s p r e s e n te d in term s o f th e p ro p o rtio n o f a l l w orkers employed in o f f i c e s (or p la n t d epartm en ts) t h a t o b se rve th e p r a c t i c e in q u e s tio n , e x c e p t in th e s e c t io n r e l a t i n g t o women o f f i c e w orkers o f th e t a b l e summarizing sch ed u led w ee k ly h o u rs. Because o f e l i g i b i l i t y re q u irem e n ts, th e p r o p o r tio n a c t u a l l y r e c e i v i n g th e s p e c i f i c b e n e f i t s may be s m a lle r . The summary o f v a c a tio n and s i c k le a v e p la n s i s l i m it e d to form al arran gem en ts. I t e x c lu d e s in fo rm a l p la n s whereby tim e o f f w ith pay i s g r a n te d a t th e d i s c r e t i o n o f th e em ployer or o th e r s u p e r v is o r . S ic k le a v e p la n s a r e fu r th e r li m it e d to t h o s e p r o v id in g f u l l pay f o r a t l e a s t some amount o f tim e o f f w ith o u t any p r o v is io n f o r a w a i t i n g p e r io d p r e c e d in g th e payment o f b e n e f i t s , and e x c lu d e h e a lt h in su ra n ce even though i t i s p a id f o r b y em ployers. H ea lth in su ra n ce i s in c lu d e d , however, under t a b u la t i o n s f o r in su ra n ce and p e n s io n p la n s . s tu d y . Among th e i n d u s t r i e s in w h ich c h a r a c t e r i s t i c jo b s were s tu d ie d , minimum s i z e o f e s ta b lis h m e n t and e x t e n t o f th e a r e a co ve re d were d eterm in ed s e p a r a t e ly f o r each in d u s tr y , and a r e in d ic a t e d in t a b le B. A l though s i z e li m it s fr e q u e n tly v a r ie d from th o se e s t a b li s h e d f o r su rv e y in g c r o s s - I n d u s tr y o f f i c e and p la n t j o b s , d a t a f o r t h e s e jo b s were in c lu d e d o n ly f o r firm s which s a t i s f i e d t h e s i z e req u irem en ts o f th e broad in d u stry d iv is io n s . A g r e a t e r p r o p o r tio n o f l a r g e th a n o f sm all e sta b lish m e n ts was s tu d ie d in o rd e r to maximize th e number o f w orkers su rve ye d w ith a v a i l a b l e r e s o u r c e s . Each group o f e sta b lish m e n ts o f a c e r t a i n s i z e , however, was g iv e n i t s p ro p e r w e i^ it in th e co m bin atio n o f d a ta b y in d u s tr y and o c c u p a tio n . T a b le A ._ESTABLISHMENTS AND WORKERS IN MAJOR INDUSTRY DIVISIONS IN THE SAN FRANCIS CO-OAKLAND AREA AND NUMBER STUDIED BY THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, JANUARY 1951 Item Number o f e s ta b lish m e n ts E stim a te d E stim ated to ta l t o t a l in a l l S tu d ie d in d u s tr ie s w ith in sco pe o f stu d y gj u E stim a te d t o t a l in a l l in d u s t r ie s - 1/ T a b le B .— ESTABLISHMENTS AND WORKERS IN SELECTED INDUSTRIES IN THE SAN FRANCISCOOAKLAND AREA AND NUMBER STUDIED BY THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS, JANUARY 19 51 Employment E stim a ted In e s ta b lis h m e n ts to ta l s tu d ie d w ith in scope T o ta l O ffic e o f s tu d y gj In d u s tr y D i v is i o n 2 .3 17 hi A kzj 642,800 1J.C.I OY 33,5**8 1,9 0 7 300 10 2 ,1 0 0 46 0 ,70 0 1.0 2 9 65 83 10 35 31,566 M a n u f a c t u r in g ................................................... ............ .. T r a n s p o r ta tio n ( e x c lu d in g r a i l r o a d s ) , communi c a t i o n , and o t h e r p u b l i c u t i l i t i e s ................... W h olesale tr a d e ................................................................ F in a n c e , in s u r a n c e , and r e a l e s t a t e ...................... S e r v ic e s : I n d u s t r ie s c o v e re d 3 / ............................................. I n d u s t r ie s n ot c o v e re d ........................................... k tf -T, m V/J.W 10 4 ,1 1 9 735 15 ,8 7 9 3 , l 6s 231 178 5** 69 3^ 5 ,2 4 l **.047 672 98 - 3 5 2 ,10 0 1 1 6 ,7 0 0 1 8 1 ,7 4 0 56 ,2 4 0 1 2 5 ,5 0 0 235,400 **3.530 7 .1 7 0 5 5.6 0 0 51,0 0 0 9 .7 1 0 1 1 7 ,0 0 0 3 7,0 0 0 44,000 26,400 2 3 ,8 1 0 1 3 .3 6 0 . 3 .7 3 0 79,50 0 5 5 .50 0 44,400 1 9 .9 7 0 2 ,7 2 0 ** - - 44,650 i4 ,o o o 7 ,8 3 0 5.900 4,460 1 1 ,7 2 0 S iz e o f E sta b lis h m e n t 1 ,0 0 1 and o v e r ........................................................................ 501 - 1 ,0 0 0 ............................................................................... 2 51 - 500 ................................................................................... 10 1 - 250 ................................................................................... 5 1 - 100 ..................................................................................... 21 - 50 ....................................................................................... 1 - ............................................................................................... 3 7,5 66 4s 2 ,3 1 7 48 kzj k6 68 161 68 161 424 424 51 71 113 56 79 778 2 , 10 s 33.979 337 1,089 ( 2/ ) (z/) 642,800 9 9,6 0 0 52,2 0 0 7 5 .1 0 0 73 .6 0 0 55.70 0 90,800 19 5 ,8 0 0 3 52 ,10 0 99,600 1 8 1 ,7 4 0 9 3 . 6 U0 **3.530 2 1 ,7 4 0 5 2,2 0 0 8,530 73 ,6 0 0 3 6 ,6 7 0 26,080 18 ,5 0 0 25,400 4,000 23,600 ( 2/ ) 2 ,70 0 75.1C O ' 1 ( 2/ ) S e l e c t e d i n d u s t r ie s in which c h a r a c t e r i s t i c jo b s were su rveyed 1 / Minimum s iz e o f e s ta b lish m en t stu d ie d 3 6 ,3 6 0 7 S ,4 o o 14 ,2 0 0 7 9 ,10 0 14,000 Number o f e s ta b lis h m e n ts 7 ,3 0 0 4 ,70 0 720 520 ( 2/ ) Meat p r o d u c ts , independent p ro d u ce rs ............................................ I n d u s t r i a l ch e m ica ls ......................... P a in t s and v a r n is h e s .......................... F o u n d r ie s, fe r r o u s .............................. F a b r ic a te d s t r u c t u r a l s t e e l and ornam ental m eta l w o r k ................... M achinery in d u s t r ie s ......................... Department and c lo t h in g s to r e s . . . Banks ......................................................... H o te ls 2/ ................................................ Power l a u n d r i e s ............... .................... Auto r e p a i r shops: V e st b a y Area 3/ ............................ E ast B ay Area 4/ ............................ H o s p ita ls .................................... ............ 21 10 1 8 21 21 21 10 1 10 1 10 1 21 E stim a te d to ta l w it h in scope o f s tu d y 27 10 31 18 12 6 16 11 11 59 37 17 18 31 E stim a te d to ta l w ith in scope o f s tu d y S tu d ie d 24 11 Bnployment 25 1 ,3 5 0 2,800 2 ,620 2,080 3 ,3 2 0 9 .9 10 . In c lu d e s e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith 1 o r more w orkers in th e San F ran cisco -O ak la n d M e tr o p o lita n A rea (Alam eda, C on tra C o s ta , M arin, San Fran c is c o San M ateo, and Solano C o u n t ie s ) . 2/ ’ The s u rv e y o f o f f i c e , p r o f e s s i o n a l and t e c h n i c a l , m aintenance and power p l a n t , c u s t o d i a l , w areh ousin g and s h ip p in g jo b s re p o r te d in ta b le s 1 1 - A , 2 , 3 , and 4 was l i m i t e d t o e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith more than 100 w orkers in m an u fa ctu rin g , t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , com m unication, and o th e r p u b lic u t i l i t i e s ) and r e t a i l t r a d e , and i n e s ta b lis h m e n ts w ith more than 20 w orkers in w h o le s a le t r a d e , f i n a n c e , in s u ra n ce , r e a l e s t a t e , and s e r v ic e i n d u s t r i e s ; e x c e p t io n s made in i n d u s t r i e s i n w hich c h a r a c t e r i s t i c jo b s were su rveyed a r e in d ic a t e d in t a b l e B. 3/ H o t e ls ; p e r s o n a l s e r v i c e s ; b u s in e s s s e r v i c e s ; autom obile r e p a ir s e r v i c e s ; ra d io b r o a d c a s tin g and t e l e v i s i o n ; m otion p i c t u r e s ; n o n p r o fit membership o r g a n i z a t io n s , and e n g in e e r in g and a r c h i t e c t u r a l s e r v i c e s . 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 838 1 ,9 9 7 1 ,9 2 1 1 ,7 4 1 2,056 6,084 13,405 10 11 23 10,040 2 ,36 0 2 ,0 25 4 ,8 70 4 ,4 50 1 2 ,8 2 0 1 ,4 0 3 930 5 5 148 19 169 10 1 3** 18 14 ____ ______ \J 1 8 ,5 1 0 In e sta b lis h ments stu d ie d I n d u s tr ie s a r e d e fin e d in fo o t n o t e s to t a b l e s 5 through l 6 . San F ra n c is c o County h o t e ls o n ly . M arin , San F r a n c is c o , and San Mateo C o u n tie s . Alameda, Con tra C o s ta , and Solano C o u n tie s . 3 .7 J 3 7 .7 9 7 3 .7 1 3 7.058 A p p e n d ix B “ The p r i m a r y p u r p o s e o f the B u r e a u ' s Job d e scriptions is to a s s i s t its field staff in cl a s s i f y i n g w o r k e r s w h o are e m p l o y e d u n d e r a v a r i e t y of p a y - r o l l t i tles and d i f f erent w o r k a r r a n g e m e n t s f r o m e s t a b l i s h m e n t to e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d f r o m a r e a to area, into appropriate occu p a t i o n s . Th i s is e s s e n t i a l in or d e r to p e r m i t the g r o u p i n g of o c cup a t i o n a l w a g e ra t e s r e p r e s e n t i n g co m p a r a ble job content. Beca u s e of this empha s i s on interestablishment a n d inte r a r e a c o m p a r a b i l i t y of occupa t i o n a l content, the Bureau's Job descriptions d i f f e r s i g n i f i c a n t l y f r o m those in use in individual e s t a b l i s h m e n t s or those prep a r e d for ot h e r purp o s e s . I n v i e w of these special characte r i s t i c s of the Bure a u ' s Job d e s c riptions, t h e i r a d o p t i o n w i t h o u t m o d i f i c a t i o n b y a n y single e s t a b l i s h m e n t or for a n y o t h e r p u r p o s e t h a n that indicated h e r e i n is n ot recommended. W h e r e office w o r k e r s r e g u l a r l y p e r f o r m d u t i e s c l a s s i f i e d in m ore than one occupation, they are gene r a l l y c l a s s i f i e d a c c o r d i n g to the m o s t skilled or r e s p o nsible d u ties th a t are a r e g u l a r par t of th e i r job a n d t h a t are s i g n i ficant in d e t e r m i n i n g t heir v alue to the firm. Office yi o.£ O ccupation^. S tu died. Office - Continued B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E OPERA T O R A w o r k e r w h o o p erates a bookk e e p i n g machine (Remington R a n d , E l l i o t t Fisher, S u n d s trand, Burroughs, N a t i o n a l C a s h Register) to keep a reco r d of b u s i n e s s tran s a c t i o n s . Class A - A w o r k e r w h o uses a bookkeeping m a chine w i t h or w i t h o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d to keep a set of reco r d s of business transactions u s u a l l y r e q u i r i n g a k n o w l e d g e o f and e x perience in b asic b o o k k e e p i n g principles and familiarity w i t h t h e stru c t u r e o f the p a r t i c u lar a c c o u n t i n g s y s t e m used. D e t e r m i n e s p r o p e r records a n d d i s t r i b u t i o n of d e b i t a n d cred i t items to be u s e d In e a c h p hase of the w ork. M a y prepare c o n s o l i d a t e d repor t s , b a l a n c e sheets, a n d o ther reco r d s b y hand. C lass B - A w o r k e r w h o u ses a b o o k k eeping mach i n e w i t h or w i t h o u t a t y p e w r i t e r k e y b o a r d to keep a r e c o r d o f one or more phases or sections o f a set o f re c o r d s p e r t a i n i n g to busin e s s t r ansactions u s u a l l y r e q u i r i n g some knowledge of b a s i c b o o k k e e p i n g . P h a s e s or s e c t i o n s include a ccounts payable, p a y rolls, customers' a c counts (not i n c l u d i n g s imple type of b i l l i n g des c r i b e d under Bill e r , Machine), c ost distributions, e x pense d i s t r ibutions, inventory controls, etc. In a d d i t i o n m a y ch e c k o r assist in p r e p a r a t i o n o f t r i a l b a l a n c e s and prep a r e c o n t r o l sheets for the a c c o u n t i n g department. BILLER, M A C H I N E CA L C U L A T I N G - M A C H I N E OPERATOR A worker wh o p r e p a r e s statements, bills a n d invoices o n a m a chine o t h e r th a n an ordinary typewriter. May also k e e p re c o r d s as to b i llings or s h i p p i n g charges or p e r f o r m other c l erical w o r k i n c i d e n t a l to b i l l i n g o perations. S h o u l d be de s i g n a t e d as w o r k i n g on b i l l i n g mach i n e or b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h i n e as d e s c r i b e d below. A w o r k e r w h o s e p r i m a r y f unction consists of o p e r a t i n g a c a l c u l a t i n g m a c h i n e to p e r f o r m m a t h e m a t i c a l c o m p u t a t i o n s other t h a n a d d i t i o n exclusively. C o m p t o m e t e r type B i l l i n g M a c h i n e - A w o r k e r w h o uses a s p e cial b i l l i n g m a c h i n e (Moon Hopkins, E l l i o t t Fisher, B u rroughs, etc., w h i c h are combination typing a nd a d d i n g m a chines) to p r e p a r e bills a nd invoices f r o m customers' p u r c h a s e orders, inter n a l l y p r e p a r e d orders, sh i p p i n g memoranda, etc. U s u a l l y involves a p p l i c a t i o n o f p r e d e t e r m i n e d d i s c ounts a n d s h i p p i n g charges a n d e ntry of nece s s a r y extensions, w h i c h m a y or m a y n o t be co m p u t e d o n the b i l l i n g machine, a n d totals w h i c h are a u t o m a t i c a l l y a c c u m u l a t e d b y mach i ne. T h e o p e r a t i o n u s u a l l y involves a large n u m b e r of ca r b o n copies o f the b i l l b e i n g p r e p a r e d and is oft e n done o n a fan-fold m a c h i n e . B o o k k e e p i n g M a c h i n e - A w o r k e r w h o uses a b o o k k e e p i n g m a c h i n e (Sundstrand, El l i o t t Fisher, R e m i n g t o n Rand, etc., w h i c h m a y or m a y not have type w r i t e r keyboard) to p r epare c u s tomers' bills as p a r t of the a c c o u n t s r e c e i v a b l e operation. G e n e r a l l y involves the s i m u l t a neous e n t r y of figures o n a c u s t o m e r ' s l e d g e r record. The machine a u t o m a t i c a l l y accumulates figures a nu m b e r o f v e r t i c a l co l u m n s a nd computes a n d u s u a l l y prints a u t o m a t i c a l l y the d e b it or cred i t balances. D o e s n o t involve a knowledge o f b o okkeeping. W o r k s f r o m u n i f o r m and standard types o f sales a n d c r e d i t slips. on BOOKKEEPER, HA R D A w o r k e r w h o k eeps a s et of b o o k s for r e c o r d i n g busin e s s transactions a n d who s e w o r k involves m o s t o f t he f o l l o w i n g : p o s t i n g a n d b a l a n c i n g s u b s idiary ledgers, c a s h b o o k s or journals, Journalizing t r a n s a c t i o n s w h e r e judgment is involved as t o accou n t s affected; p o s t ing gene r a l ledger; and taking trial bala n c es. M a y a l s o prep a r e a c c o u n t i n g s t atements and bills; m a y dire c t w o r k o f a s s i s t a n t s or a c c o u n t i n g clerks. O ther t h a n C o m p t o m e t e r type CLERK, A C C O U N T I N G A worker w ho performs one or more accoun t i n g op e r a t i o n s s uch as p r e p a r i n g simple journal vouchers; accou n t s p ayable vouchers; coding invoices or v o u c h e r s w i t h p r o p e r a c c o u n t ing distributions; e n t e r i n g vou c h e r s in vo u c h e r registers; r e c o n c i l i n g b a n k accounts; p o s t ing a nd b a l a n c i n g s u b s i d i a r y ledgers controlled b y g e n eral ledger, e.g., a c c o u n t s receivable, a c counts payable, s t o c k records, voucher journals. M a y a s s i s t in p r e p a r i n g journal entries. F o r w o r k e r s w h o s e duties Include handl i n g the general led g e r or a set o f b o o k s see B o o k k e e p er, H a n d . CLERK, FILE C lass A - A w o r k e r w h o Is responsible for m a i n t a i n i n g a n e s t a b l i s h e d f i l i n g s y s t e m a n d classifies a n d indexes correspondence or other material; m a y a l s o f ile this mat e r i a l . M a y k eep records o f v a r i o u s types in con j u n c t i o n w i t h files or s upervise others In f i l i n g a n d l o c a t i n g m a t e r i a l in t h e files. M a y p e r f o r m incidental c l e r i c a l duties. C lass B - A w o r k e r w h o performs routine filing, u s u a l l y o f m a t e r i a l that has al r e a d y b e e n classified, or locates or assists in locating m a t e r i a l in files. M a y p e r f o r m Incide n t a l c l e r i c a l duties. Office C L ERK, - Continued GENER A L , S E N I O R A w o r k e r w h o p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f office operations a n d w h o s e duties involve most o f the f o l l o w i n g : k n o w l e d g e of e x t e n s i v e office procedures, p r actices a n d policies; o r g a n i z a t i o n of o f f i c e r o u t i n e and s e q u e n c e of operations; reviewing office methods a n d proc e d u r e s and standards of p e r f o r m a n c e ; d e v i s i n g new procedures and methods; d e a l i n g w i t h pub l i c in regard to inquiries, complaints a n d adjustments; and responsibility for d i r e c t i n g junior a n d / o r i n t e r m e d i a t e clerks. Office - Continued K E Y - P U N C H OPERATOR U n d e r g e n e r a l su p e r v i s i o n and w i t h no super v i s o r y responsibilities, r e c o r d s account ing a nd s t a t i s t i c a l d a t a on t a b u l a t i n g cards b y p u n c h i n g a series o f holes in the cards in a s p e c ified sequence, using a numerical key - p u n c h machine, f o llowing w r i t t e n information on records. M a y be r e q u i r e d to d u plicate cards b y u sing the dup l i c a t i n g device attac h e d to m a chine. K eeps files of p u n c h cards. May v e r i f y o w n w o r k or w o r k of others. O FFICE B O Y OR G I R L CLERK, G E NERAL, INTERMEDIATE A w o r k e r w ho, u n d e r g e n e r a l supervision, performs a v a r i e t y of office operations and w h o s e d u t i e s involve m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : knowledge of e x tensive office p r o c e d u r e s and practices; c a r r y i n g on a n e s t a b l i s h e d office routine and sequence of operations; o p e r a t i n g a v a r i e t y o f office m a c h i n e s ; p r e p a r i n g r eports a nd analyses; deal i n g w i t h p u blic in rega r d to inquiries, c o m p l a i n t s a n d a d j u s t m e n t s o n the basis of established procedures; a nd responsibi l i t y for d i r e c t i n g one o r mor e ju n i o r clerks, CLERK, GENE R A L , JUNIOR A w o r k e r who, u n d e r d i r e c t supervision, performs various r outine office operations. The w o r k assigned does not involve r e s p o nsi b i l i t y for a sequence of r e l a t e d office opera tions. E a c h ta s k is a s s i g n e d as it occurs a n d the p roduct is subject to detai l e d review. CLERK, ORDER A w o r k e r w h o perfo r m s a v a r i e t y of routine duties s uch as ru n n i n g errands; operating m i n o r office machines; such as sealers or mailers; o p e n i n g a n d d i s t r i b u t i n g mail; and other minor clerical work. (Bonded m e s s e n g e r s are exc l u d e d fr o m this classification.) SECRETARY A w o r k e r w h o p e rforms sec r e t a r i a l a n d c l erical d uties f or a su p e r i o r in a n a d m i n i s trative or e x ecutive p o s i t i o n a nd w h o s e d u ties involve the following: m a k i n g appointments for superior; r e c e i v i n g people com i n g into office; ans w e r i n g a n d m a k i n g p hone calls; handling p e r s o n a l a n d important or c o n f i d e n t i a l mail, and w r i t i n g r o utine cor r e s p o n d e n c e on own initia tive; t a k i n g dictation, e i t h e r i n shorthand or b y stenotype or simi l a r m a chine (except where t r a n s c r i b i n g m a c h i n e is used), and t r a n s c r i b i n g d i c t a t i o n or the r e c o r d e d information r e p r o d u c e d o n a t r a n s c r i b i n g machine. I n addition, m a y prepare s p e c i a l re p o r t s or m e m o r a n d a for i n f o r m a t i o n of superior. STENOGRAPHER, GENERAL A w o r k e r w h o r e c e i v e s customers* orders for ma t e r i a l or mer c h a n d i s e b y mail, phone, or p e r s o n a l l y a n d w h o s e d u t i e s involve a n y c o mbination o f the f o l l o w i n g : q u o t i n g pric e s to cust o m e r s , m a k i n g o ut a n o r d e r s h e e t l i s t i n g the items to make u p the order, ch e c k i n g prices a n d q u a n t i t i e s cf items o n o r d e r s h e e t , d i s t r i b u t i n g order sheets to r e s p e c t i v e d e partments to be filled. M a y a l s o c h e c k w i t h c r e d i t d e p a r t m e n t to determine credit r a t i n g of customer, a c k n o w l e d g e r e c e i p t o f o r ders f r o m cust o m e r s, follow-up orders to see that th e y have b e e n filled, kee p file o f o r ders r e c e i v e d , a n d c h e c k s h i p p i n g invoices w i t h or i g i n a l orders. A w o r k e r w h o s e p r i m a r y function is to take d i c t a t i o n f r o m one or mo r e p e r s o n s , either in shorthand or b y stenotype or s i m ilar machine, involving a n o r m a l routine vocabulary* and to transcribe this d i c t a t i o n o n a typewriter. M a y a l s o type f r o m w r i t t e n copy. M a y al s o set up a nd keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. D o e s not include transcribing-machine work. (See T r a n s c r i b i n g - M a c h i n e O p e r a t o r .) CLERK, P A Y R O L L S T E NOGRAPHER, T E C H N I C A L A w o r k e r w h o c o m p u t e s w a g e s o f c o m p a n y employees and enters the n e c e s s a r y d a t a on the p a y r o l l shee t s a n d w h o s e d u t i e s involve: calculating wor k e r ' s earnings b a s e d o n time or p r o d u c t i o n records; p o s t i n g c a l c u l a t e d d a t a o h pa y r o l l sheet, showing i n f o r m a t i o n such as w o r k e r ' s name, w o r k i n g days, time, rate, deductions for insurance a n d t otal w a g e s due. In a d d ition, m a y m a k e out p a y c h e c k s a n d a s s i s t the p a y m aster in m a k i n g up a n d d i s t r i b u t i n g the p a y envelopes. M a y us e a c a l c u l a t i n g m a c hine. A worker whose primary funct i o n is to take d i c t a t i o n f r o m one or m o r e persons, e i t h e r in shor t h a n d o r b y stenotype o r simi l a r machine, inv o l v i n g a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l or spe cia l i z e d v o c a b u l a r y such as in legal b r i e f s or reports o n scientific r e s e a r c h a n d to tran scribe this d i c t a t i o n o n a typewriter. M a y a l s o type f r o m w r i t t e n copy. M a y a l s o set up and keep files in order, keep simple records, etc. Does not include transcrib i n g - m a c h i n e work. (See T r a n s c r i b i n g - M a c h i n e O p e r a t o r .) DUPLICATING-MACHINE OPERATOR S W I T C H B O A R D O PERATOR Under general s u p e r v i s i o n a n d w i t h no supervisory responsibilities, reproduces m u l t i p l e co p i e s o f t y p e w r i t t e n o r h a n d w r i t t e n matter, u sing a m i m e o g r a p h o r d i t t o machine. M a k e s n e c e s s a r y a d j u s t m e n t suc h a s for ink a n d p a p e r feed counter a nd c y l i n d e r speed. Is not r e q u i r e d t o p r e p a r e s t e n c i l o r d i t t o m a s t e r . May keep file of us e d stencils or d i t t o masters. M a y sort, collate, a n d staple c o m p l e t e d material. A w o r k e r w h o operates a single or m u l t i p l e p o s i t i o n telephone switchboard, and whose d uties involve: h a n d l i n g incoming, o u t g o i n g a n d intraplant or office calls. I n addition, may r e c o r d t ell calls a n d take messages. As a m i n o r p a r t o f duties, m a y give infor m a t i o n to p e r sons w h o call in, or o c c a s i o n a l l y take telephone orders. For workers w h o a l s o d o typing or oth e r stenographic w o r k or act as receptionists, see S w i t c h b o a r d O p e r a t o r - R e c e p t i o n i s t . 39 Office Pro f e s s i o n a l and T e c h n i c a l - Continued SWITCHBOARD OPERATOR - R E C E P T I O N I S T DRAFTSMAN A w o r k e r w h o in a d d i t i o n to p e r f o r m i n g duties o f operator, on a single p o s i t i o n or monito r - t y p e switchboard, act s as r e c e p t i o n i s t a n d / o r per f o r m s t y p i n g o r other r outine c l e r i cal w o r k as part of r e g u l a r duties. Thi s t y p i n g or c lerical w o r k m a y take the m a j o r pa r t of this w o r k e r * s time w h i l e at s w i t c hboard. A w o r k e r w h o p r epares w o r k i n g • plans a nd d e tail drawings f r o m n otes, r o u g h or d e tail e d sketches for engineering, construction, or m a n u f a c t u r i n g p u r p o s e s . The d u t i e s p e r formed involve a c o m b i n a t i o n of the f o l l o w i n g : p r e p a r i n g w o r k i n g plans, detail drawings, maps, cross-sections, etc., to scale by use of drafting instruments; m a k i n g e n g i n e e r i n g c o m p u t a t i o n s such as those i nvolved in strength of materials, b e a m s a nd trusses; verifying com p l e t e d work, c h e c k i n g dimensions, materials to be used, a n d quantities; w r i t i n g s p e c i f i c a tions; m a k i n g a d j u s t m e n t s or changes in drawings or specifications. In a d d i tion, m a y ink in lines a nd letters o n p e n c i l drawings, prepare d e t a i l uni t s o f com p l e t e drawings, or trace drawings. W o r k is freq u e n t l y in a specialized field such as arc h i t e c t u r a l , electrical, m e T A B U M T 3 N G - M A C H I N E OPER A T O R A w o r k e r w h o operates m a c h i n e that a u t o m a t i c a l l y analy z e s and tran s l a t e s i n formation punc h e d in groups o f t a b u l a t i n g cards, and prints translated da t a on forms or a c c o u n t i n g r e cords; sets or a d j usts m a c h i n e to add, subtract, multiply, a n d m ake ot h e r calculations; places cards to be t abulated in feed m a g a z i n e a nd starts machine. M a y file cards a f t e r they are tabulated. M a y sort a n d v e r i f y p u n c h e d cards. chanical, or s t r u c t u r a l drafting. D R A F TSMAN, JUNIOR TRANSC R I B I N G - M A C H I N E OPERATOR, GENERAL (Retailer, a s s i s t a n t draftsman) A w o r k e r w h o s e p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n is to transcribe d i c t a t i o n involving a n o r m a l r o u tine v o c abulary from transcribing-machine records. M a y a lso type f r o m w r i t t e n c o p y a n d do simple cler i c a l w ork. A worker who takes d i c t a t i o n in s h o r thand or b y stenotype or similar mach i n e is classified as a S t e n o g r a p h e r , G e n e r a l . A w o r k e r w h o details units or parts of drawings p r e p a r e d b y d r a f t s m a n or others for engineering, construction, or manu f a c t u r i n g purposes. U s e s v a r i o u s types of d r a f t i n g tools as required. M a y prep a r e drawi n g s from single plans or sketches, a n d p e r f o r m s o t h e r duties un d e r d i r e c t i o n of a draftsman. TRANSCRIBIN G - M A C H I N E OPERATOR, T E C H N I C A L NURSE, A w o r k e r w h o s e p r i m a r y f u n c t i o n is to transcribe d i c t a t i o n i n volving a v a r i e d t e c h n i c a l or s pecialized v o c a b u l a r y such as in l egal briefs or repo r t s o n s c ientific r esearch fr o m t r a n s c r ibing-machine r e c ords. M a y a l s o type f r o m w r i t t e n copy a n d d o simple cleri c a l work. A w o r k e r w h o t akes d i c t a t i o n in s h o r t h a nd or b y stenotype or simi l a r ma c h i n e Is c l a s s i fied as a S t e n o g r a p h e r , T e c h n i c a l . TYPIST INDUSTRIAL (REGISTERED) A r e g i s t e r e d nurse w h o gives nursing service to e m p l o y e e s or p e r s o n s w h o b e c o m e 111 or s uffer a n a c c i d e n t o n the p r e m i s e s of a factory or o t h e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t a nd w h o s e d uties involve a l l or m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : g i v i n g first aid t o the ill or injured; a t t e n d i n g to subse q u e n t d r e s s i n g o f e m p l o y e e *s injuries; keeping records o f p a t i e n t s treated; a n d p r e p a r ing a c c i d e n t repo r t s f o r c o m p e n s a t i o n or other purposes. May also assist P h y s i c i a n in e x a m i n i n g applicants, give Instr u c t i o n In h e a l t h e d u c a t i o n a n d illness p r e v e n t i o n , a n d per f o r m s other r e l a t e d duties. A w o r k e r w h o us e s a t y p e w r i t e r to m ake copies of v arious m a t e r i a l or to make out bills aft e r c a l c ulations have b e e n m a d e b y a n o t h e r person. M ay operate a teletype machine. May, in addition, d o c l e r i c a l w o r k i n v o l v i n g little spec i a l training, such as k e e p i n g simple records, filing r e c o r d s a n d r e p orts, m a k i n g out bills, or sorting a n d d i s t r i b u t i n g incoming mail. C lass A - A w o r k e r w h o p e r f o r m s one or m o r e of the f o l l o w i n g : t y p i n g m a t e r i a l in final f o r m f r o m v e r y r o u g h a n d i n v olved draft; copy i n g f r o m p l a i n or cor r e c t e d c o p y in w h i c h there is a frequent a n d v a r i e d use o f t e c h n i c a l a n d u n u s u a l w o r d s or f r o m f o reign language copy; comb i n i n g m a t e r i a l f r o m s e v e r a l sources; or p l a n n i n g lay-out of c o m p l icated stati s t i c a l tables to m a i n t a i n u n i f o r m i t y a n d b a l a n c e in spacing; t yping tables f r o m r o u g h d r a f t in final form. M a y als o type r o u t i n e f o r m letters, v a r y i n g details to suit circumstances. M a y in addition, p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l d u t i e s as ou t l i n e d a b o v e . Class B - A w o r k e r w h o p e r f o r m s ly clear or typed drafts; routine typing ple standard tabulations, or c o p y i n g m o r e May, in addition, p e r f o r m c l e r i c a l duties one or mo r e of the f o l l o w i n g : typi n g f r o m r e l a t i v e of forms, insurance policies, etc.; se t t i n g up s i m c o m plex tables a l r e a d y set up and s p aced properly. as o u tlined above. Maintenance a nd Power P l a n t CARPENTER, M A I N T E N A N C E A w o r k e r w h o perfo r m s the carpentry duties n e c e s s a r y t o c o n s t r u c t a n d m a i n t a i n in good r e p a i r b u i l d i n g w o o d w o r k a n d e q uipment such as bins, cribs, counters, ben c h e s , partitions, doors, floors, stairs, casings, t r i m made of w o o d in a n estab l i s h m e n t , a n d w h o s e w o r k Involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : p l a n n i n g and laying out of w o r k f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , drawings, m o d e l s or v e r b a l instructions; u s i n g a v a r i e t y of carpenters* h a n d tools, p o r t a b l e p o w e r tools, and stand a r d m e a s u r i n g instruments; maki n g standard shop c o m p u t a t i o n s r e l a t i n g to d i m e n s i o n s of work; a n d s e l e c t i n g m a t e r i a l s n e c e s s a r y for the work. Maintenance and Payer Plant - Continued ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE A w o r k e r w h o p e r f o r m s a v a r i e t y o f el e c t r i c a l trade functions in the installation, m a i n t e n a n c e or r e p a i r o f e q u i p m e n t for the generating, distribution, a n d / o r u t i l i z a t i o n of e l e c t r i c e n e r g y In a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t , a n d w h o s e w o r k involves most of the f o H e w i n g : in s t a l l ing or repa i r i n g a n y of a v a r i e t y o f e l e c t r i c a l e q u i p m e n t such as generators, transformers, swit c h b o a r d s , c o n t r o l l e r s , c i r c u i t b r e a k e r s , motors, he a t i n g units, cond u i t systems or other t r a n s m i s s i o n e q u ip m e n t ; w o r k i n g f r o m b l u e p r i n t s , drawings, layout or o ther specifications; l o c a t i n g a n d d i a g n o s i n g t r o u b l e i n the e l e c t r i c a l s y s t e m or equipment; w o r k i n g stand a r d computa t ion s r e l a t i n g t o l o a d r e q u i r e m e n t s o f w i r i n g or ele trical equipment; a nd u s i n g a v a r i e t y of e l e c t r i c i a n s ' h a n d t ools a n d m e a s u r i n g a n d t est i n g ii struments. ENGINEER, STATIONARY A w o r k e r w h o operates a n d m a i n t a i n s a nd/or supervises the o p e r a t i o n o f stationary e n g i n e s a n d e q u i p m e n t ( m e c h a n i c a l o r e l e c t r i cal) to s u pply power, heat, r e f r i g e r a t i o n or airc o n d i t i o n i n g a n d w h o s e w o r k involves: o p e r a t i n g and m a i n t a i n i n g a n d / o r su p e r v i s i n g the o p e r a t i o n of s u c h e q u i p m e n t as s t e a m e ngi n e s , a i r compressors, generators, motors, turbines, v e n tilating and refrigerating equipment, s t e a m boilers and boil e r - f e d w a t e r pumps; m a k i n g or s u p e r v i s i n g e q u i p m e n t repa i r s ; a n d k e e p i n g a record o f operation of machinery, temperature, a n d fuel comsumption. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does n o t include h ead or c h i e f e n g i neers in e s t a b lis h m e n t s e m p l o y i n g m o r e t h a n one e n g i n e e r . FIRE M A N , S T A T I O N A R Y B O I L E R A w o r k e r w h o fires s t a t i o n a r y b o i l e r s us e d in a factory, p o w e r plant, or oth e r e s t a b l i s h m e n t t o f u r n i s h heat, t o g e n e r a t e po wer, or to supply s t e a m for in d u s t r i a l processes, a nd whose w o r k involves f e e d i n g f u e l to fire b y h a n d or operating a m e c h a n i c a l stoker, gas, o r o il b urner; a n d c h e c k i n g w a t e r a n d s a f e t y valves. I n addition, m a y clean, oil, or a ssist in r e p a i r i n g b o i l e r r o o m e q u i p m e n t . HELP E R , T R A D E S , M A I N T E N A N C E A w o r k e r w h o a s s i s t s a n o t h e r w o r k e r in one of the skilled m a i n t e n a n c e trades, by p e r f o r m i n g s p e c i f i c o r g e n e r a l d u t i e s of l e s s e r skill, such as keeping a w o r k e r s u p p l i e d w i t h m a te r i a l s a n d tools; c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g area, m a c h i n e a n d equipment; assisting worker by holding m a t e r i a l s or tools; a n d p e r f o r m i n g o t h e r u n s k i l l e d tasks as directed b y Journeyman. I n some trad e s the t e r m h e l p e r Is s y n o n y m o u s w i t h apprentice, since the h e l p e r is e x p e c t e d to learn the t rade of the w o r k e r h e a s s i s t s . Th e k i n d of w o r k the h e l p e r is p e r m i t t e d to p e r f o r m also var i e s f r o m t rade t o trade: in some t r ades the h e l p e r is confined to supplying, li f t i n g and h o l d i n g m a t e r i a l s a n d t ools a n d c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g areas; a n d in others he is p e n a l tted to p e r f o r m specialized machine operations, or p a r t s of a trade that are a lso p e r f o r m e d by w o r k e r s o n a f u l l - t i m e basi s . MACH I N I S T , MAINTENANCE A w o r k e r w h o p r o d u c e s r e p l a c e m e n t p a r t s a nd n e w parts for m e c h a n i c a l e q u i p m e n t o p e r a t e d in a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t , a n d w h o s e w o r k i n volves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : i n t e rpreting w r i t t e n inst r u c t i o n s a n d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s ; p l a n n i n g a n d layout of work; u s i n g a v a r i e t y of machi n i s t ' s h and tools a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g i n s t ruments; setting up a n d operating standard machine Maintenance and Power Plant - Continued M A CHINIST, M A I N T E N A N C E - C o n t i n u e d tools; shap i n g o f m e t a l parts to close tolerances; m a k i n g s t andard shop comput a t i o n s relating to d i m e nsions of work, tooling, feeds a n d speeds of machining; knowledge of the w o r k i n g p r o p e r t i e s of the c o m m o n metals; s e l e c t i n g s t andard materials, parts and e q u i p m e n t required for his work; and f i t ting a nd as s e m b l i n g parts. I n general, the m a c h i n i s t ' s w o r k n o r m a l l y requires a r o u n d e d t r aining in m a c h i n e - s h o p practice u s u a l l y acqui r e d through a formal apprenticeship or e q u i v a l e n t t r a i n i n g a n d experience. M A I N T E N A N C E MAN, G E N E R A L U T I L I T Y A w o r k e r w h o keeps the machines, m e c h a n i c a l equ i p m e n t a n d / o r structure o f a n e s t a b l i shment (usually a s m a l l p l a n t w h e r e sp e c i a l i z a t i o n in m a i n t e n a n c e w o r k is impractical) in repair; w h o s e d uties involve the per f o r m a n c e of operations a n d the u se o f tools a n d equipment of s e v eral trades, rather than specialization in one trade or one type of maint e n a n c e w o r k only, a n d w h o s e w o r k involves a com b i n a t i o n of the f o l l o w i n g : p l a n n i n g and layout of w o r k r e l ating to r e p a i r o f buildings, machines, m e c h a n i c a l a n d / o r e l e c t r i c a l equipment; repairing e l e c t r i c a l a n d / o r m e c h a n i c a l equipment; installing, a l i g n i n g a n d b a l a n c i n g new equipment; and r e p a i r i n g building, floors, stairs as w e l l as m a k i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g bins, cribs, and p a r t i t i o n s . MECHANIC, A U T O M O T I V E (MAINTENANCE) A w o r k e r w h o repairs automobiles, m o t o r trucks a n d tractors of a n establishment, and w h o s e w o r k involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : e x a m i n i n g a u t o motive equ i p m e n t to diagnose source of trouble; d i s a s s e m b l i n g equi p m e n t a n d p e r f o r m i n g repairs th a t involve the use of such hand tools as wre n c h e s , gauges, drills, or spe c i a l i z e d equip m e n t in d i s a s s e m b l i n g or fitting parts; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n or defective p arts f r o m stock; gri n d i n g a n d a d j u s t i n g valves; reassembling and / o r installing the various- a s semblies in the vehicle a n d m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y adjustments; and a l i g n i n g whee l s , a d j u s t i n g bra k e s and lights, or t i g h tening b o d y bolts. MECHANIC, MAINT E N A N C E A w o r k e r w h o r e pairs m a c h i n e r y and m e c h a n i c a l e q u i p m e n t of a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t and whose w o r k involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : exam i n i n g m a c h i n e s and m e c h a n i c a l equ i p m e n t to diagnose source of trouble; d i s m a n t l i n g mac h i n e s and p e r f o r m i n g repairs t h a t m a i n l y involve the use of h a n d tools in sc r a p i n g a nd f itting parts; r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n or d e f e ctive parts w i t h items o b t a i n e d f r o m stock; o r d e r i n g the p r o d u c t i o n o f a defective pa r t b y a m a chine shop or sending of the m a c h i n e to a m a c h i n e shop for m a j o r repairs; p r e p a r i n g w r i t t e n specifi c a t i o n s for major r e p a i r s or for the p r o d u c t i o n of pa r t s ordered f r o m ma c h i n e shop; a n d r e a s s e m b l i n g of machines, a n d m a k i n g a l l n e c e s s a r y a d j u s tments for operation. OILER (Greaser; lubricator) A w o r k e r w h o lubricates, w i t h oil or grease, o f m e c h a n i c a l e q u i p m e n t found in a n e stablishment. the m o v i n g p arts or w e a r i n g surfaces Maintenance and Power Plant - Continued PAINTER, MA I N T E N A N C E Custodial, Wetrehousing and Shipping CR A N E OPERATOR, E L E C T R I C B R I D G E (Painter, repair) (Overhead-crane operator; traveling-crane operator) A w o r k e r w h o p a i n t s a n d r e d e c o r a t e s walls, wood w o r k , a n d fixtures of a n e s t a b l i s h m e n t a n d w h o s e w o r k i n v olves the following: k nowledge of surface p e c u l i a r i t i e s a n d types of paint r e q u i r e d for d i f f e r e n t app l i c a t i o n s ; m i x i n g colors, oils, w h i t e lead, a n d o t h e r p a i n t ingredients to obt a i n p r o p e r c o l o r or consistency; p r e p a r i n g surface for p a i n t i n g b y remov i n g old f i n i s h or b y p l a c i n g p u t t y or f i l l e r in n a i l holes a n d interstices; applying paint with spr a y g u n or brush. A w o r k e r w h o lifts a n d m o v e s heavy objects w i t h a n e l e c t r i c a l l y p o w e r e d h o i s t w h i c h is m o u n t e d o n a m e t a l bridge, a n d runs a l o n g o v erhead rails. T he w o r k o f the operator in volves: clos i n g s w i t c h to t u r n on electricity; m o v i n g e l e c t r i c a l c o n t r o l l e r levers a n d b rake p e d a l to r u n the crane b r i d g e a l o n g overhead rails, to r u n t h e h o i s t i n g t r o l l e y b a c k and f orth a c r o s s the bridge, and to raise a n d lower the load line a n d a n y t h i n g a t t a c h e d to it. (Motions o f crane are u s u a l l y c arried out in response to signals f r o m o t h e r w o r k e r s , o n the ground.) PIPE FITTER, MAI N T E N A N C E F o r w a g e s tudy purposes, the B u r e a u of La b o r S t a t i s t i c s cl a s s i f i e s w o r k e r s a c c o r d ing t o type of crane operated, as follows: A worker who installs a n d / o r re p a i rs pipe and pipe fittings in a n establishment, and w h o s e w o r k involves m o s t o f the f o l l o w i n g : laying out of w o r k a n d / o r m e a s u r i n g t o locate p o s i t i o n of pipe f r o m d r a w i n g s or o t h e r w r i t t e n specifications; c u t t i n g various sizes of p ipe to correct lengths w i t h c h i s e l a n d h a m m e r o r oxyacetylene to r c h or p i p e - c u t t i n g machine; threading pipe w i t h stocks a n d dies; b e n d i n g pipe b y h a n d - d r i v e n or p o w e r - d r i v e n machines; assem b l i n g pipe w i t h coup l i n g s a n d f a s t e n i n g pipe to hangers; making standard shop c o m p u t a tions r e l a t i n g to p r e s s u r e s , flow, a n d size o f pipe required; a n d m a k i n g stand a r d tests to determine w h e t h e r f i n i s h e d pi p e s m e e t specifications. Th i s c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does n o t include wo r k e r s p r i m a r i l y e n g a g e d in i n s t a l l i n g a n d r e p a i r i n g b u i l d i n g s a n i t a t i o n o r he a t i n g systems. Crane operators, electric bridge Crane operators, electric bridge E L E V A T O R OPERATOR, RADIO TECHNICIAN * house, Builds, assembles, and Installs u l t r a h i g h f requency A. C . and D .C. rad i o receivers, transmitters and a u x i l i a r i e s u s i n g f r e q u e n c y m o d u l a t i o n and a m p l itude m o d u l a t i o n a c c o r d i n g to diagrams, drawings, sketches, or a c c e p t e d practices; shoots trouble a n d services radio r e ceivers and transmitters; m a k e s complete shop overhauls of r e ceivers and t r a n s m i t t e r s (up to 2000 watts); tests circuits, tubes, a nd o t h e r parts, u s i n g va r i o u s t e s t i n g mete r s and devices; operates a r a d i o transmitter. R e q u i r e s a r a d i o tel e g r a p h operator's license 2nd class, issued b y the F e d e r a l C o m m u n i c a t i o n s Com m i s s i o n . SHEET-METALWORKER, (under 20 tons) (20 tons a n d over) PASSENGER A w o r k e r w h o transports passengers b e t ween floors o f a n o ffice building, d e p a rtment store, hot e l or similar establishment. apartment GARAGE ATTENDANT * Per f o r m s m a n u a l tasks confined almost exclu s i v e l y to the n o n m e c h a n i c a l servicing of automotive e q u i p m e n t in shop, garage, and in the field; w a s h e s a n d p o l i s h e s autos, b u s e s or trucks; supplies a u tomotive equipment w i t h oil, water, air, gasoline; ch a n g e s oil and, lubricates a u tomotive equipment; changes tires and tubes; c h e c k s a n d r e p l a c e s batteries, s park plugs, a nd w i n d s h i e l d w ipers; cleans oil filters. MAINTENANCE G R O U N D S M A N A N D GARDENER * (Tinner; tinsmith) A w o r k e r w h o fabricates, installs, and m a i n t a i n s in good r e p a i r the sheet - m e t a l equi p m e n t and fixtures (such as m a c h i n e guards, grease.pans, shelves, lockers, tanks, v e n t i lators, chutes, ducts, m e t a l roof i n g ) o f a n establishment, a n d w h o s e w o r k involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : p l a n n i n g an d lay i n g out a l l types of sheet - m e t a l m a i n t e n a n c e w o r k fr o m b l u e prints, models, or o t h e r s pecifications; se t ting up and opera t i n g ail available types of sheetm eta l w o r k i n g machines; u s i n g a v a r i e t y of hand tools in cutting, bending, forming, shaping, fitt i n g a nd assembling; a nd i n s t a l l i n g s h e e t - m e t a l articles as required. In general, the w o r k of the main t e n a n c e s h e e t - m e t a l w o r k e r re q u i r e s roiinded t raining and e x perience u s u a l l y a c q u i r ed thro u g h a formal a p p r e n t i c e s h i p or e q u i v a l e n t tr a i n i n g a n d experience. *3ay Area Salary Survey Committee description. Cares for lawns, flowers, and shrubs, and cleans a n d m a i n t a i n s g r o unds a nd w alks; sets out p o i s o n and traps; m ixes a n d applies insecticide a n d sprays; p aints a nd m a k e s m i n o r repa i r s to p l u m b i n g a nd s p r i nkler system; sharpens, cleans, paints, a n d cares for tools a n d equipment. GUARD A w o r k e r w h o has routine police duties, e i t h e r a t fix e d p o s t or o n tour, m a i n t a i n ing order, u s i n g a rms or force w h e r e necessary. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n includes g a t e m e n w h o are sta t i o n e d at gate and ch e c k o n identity of employees a nd ot h e r p e r s o n s entering. *Bay Area Salary Committee description 42 Custodial, Warehousing and Shipping - Continued Custodial, Warehousing and Shipping - Continued STOCK HANDLER AND TRUCKER, HAND JANITOR, PORTER, OB CLEANER (Day porter, sweeper; charwoman; (Loader and unloader; handler and stacker; helper; warehouseman or warehouse helper) Janitress) A worker w h o cleans and keeps in an orderly condition factory working areas and washrooms, or premises of a n office, apartment house, or commercial or other establishment. The duties performed involve a combination of the following: sweeping, mopping and/or scrub bing, and polishing floors; removing chips, trash, and other refuse; dusting equipment, furni ture, or fixtures; polishing metal fixtures or trimmings; providing supplies and minor m ain tenance services; and cleaning lavatories, showers, ind rest rooms. This classification does not include workers w h o specialize in window washing ORDER FILLER shelver; trucker; stockman or stock A worker employed in a warehouse, manufacturing plant, store, or other establishment whose duties involve one or mare of the following: loading and unloading various materials and Eterchandise on o r from freight cars, trucks or other transporting devices; unpacking, shelving, or placing materials or merchandise in proper storage location; transporting mate rials or merchandise by hand truck, car or wheelbarrow to proper location. May, in addition, keep a record of materials handled or check items against invoices or other records. This classification does not include longshoremen, w h o load and unload ships. TRUCK DRIVER (Order picker; stock selector; warehouse stockman) A worker w h o fills shipping or transfer orders from stored merchandise in accord ance wi t h specifications on sales slip, customer orders, or other instructions. May, in a d dition to filling orders and indicating items filled or omitted, keep records of outgoing orders, requisition additional stock or report short supplies to supervisor, and perform other related duties. PACKER A worker w h o prepares finished products for shipment or storage by placing them in boxes or other containers, the specific operations performed being dependent upon the type, size and number of units to be packed,the type of container employed, and method of shipment. The w o r k o f the packer involves a combination of the following: knowledge of various items of stock in order to verify content;-selection of appropriate type and size of container; in serting enclosures in container; using excelsior or other material to prevent breakage or damage; closing and sealing containers; and applying labels or entering identifying data on container. This classification does not include packers who also make wooden boxes or crates. A worker w h o drives a truck w i thin a city or industrial area to transport materi als, merchandise, equipment, or men between various types of establishments such as: manu facturing plants, freight depots, warehouses, wholesale and retail establishments and/or b e tween retail establishments and customers* houses or places of business. Duties may also in volve loading or unloading truck w ith or without helpers, making minor mechanical repairs, and keeping truck in good working order. This classification does not include driver-salesmen or over-the-road drivers. For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies according to size and type of equipment operated, as follows: Truck Trdok Truck Truck driver, driver, driver, driver, truck drivers light (under l£ tons) medium (l£ to and including k tons) heavy (over k tons, trailer type) heavy (over k tons, other than trailer type) SHIPPING-AND*RECEIVING CLERK TRUCKER, POWER A worker who prepares merchandise for shipment, or who receives and is responsible for incoming shipments of merchandise or other materials. Shipping work involves: a knowledge of shipping procedures, practices, routes, available means of transportation and rates; and preparing records of the goods shipped, making up bills of lading, posting weight and ship ping charges, and keeping a file of shipping records. May, in addition, direct or assist in preparing the merchandise for shipment. Receiving work generally involves: verifying or d i recting others in verifying the correctness of shipments against bills of lading, invoices, or other records; checking for shortages and rejecting damaged goods; routing merchandise or materials to proper departments: and maintaining necessary records and files. For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies these workers on the following basis: Shipping clerk Receiving clerk Shipping.rand~receiving clerk A worker w ho operates a manually-controlled gasoline or electric-powered truck or tractor to transport goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant or other establishment. For wage study purposes, the Bureau of Labor Statistics classifies workers accord ing to type of truck operated, as follows: Truckers, power (fork-lift) Truckers, power (other than fork-lift) WATCHMAN A worker wh o guards premises of plant property, warehouses, office buildings, or banks. Makes rounds of premises periodically in protecting property against fire, theft, and Illegal entry. Meat Products, Independent Producers Industrial Chemicals - Continued C H E M I C A L OPERA T O R - C o n t i n u e d BUTCHER, GE N E R A L - K I L L I N G D E P A R T M E N T S A w o rker w h o p e r f o r m s al l or m o s t of the o p e r ations i n s l a u g h t e r i n g cattle, hogs, sheep, or calves. E m p l o y e d f o r t h e m o s t p a r t in small establis h m e n t s w h e r e s p e c i a l i z a t i o n is impractical, general b u t c h e r s may, in addition to t heir duties in the k i l l i n g department, also do me a t cutting. CUTTER, G E NERAL - C U T T I N G D E P A R T M E N T S A wo r k e r w h o p e r f o r m s a l l o r m o s t of the operations n e c e s s a r y to cut a nd bo n e the various cuts of meat, g e n e r a l l y b e i n g e m p l o y e d in a small e s t a b l i s h m e n t w here s p e c i a l i z a t i o n is impractical. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does n o t include w o r kers who perform specialized opera tions such as h a m t r i m m i n g or r i b - b o n i n g or w o r k e r s w h o do only the initial cutting. q u a l i t y and q u a n t i t y of the p r o d u c t a nd the. equipment. M a y al s o co o r d i n a t e the v a r i o u s f u n c tions of other operators a n d he l p e r s to achieve a r e q u i r e d f l o w of work. Class B - A w o r k e r w h o works at assigned equi p m e n t or p o s i t i o n of a c h e m i c a l r e a c t i o n process wh e r e the o p erations involve physical and/or c h e m i c a l changes u n d e r h i g h l y c r i t ical pressure, v a c u u m or t e m p erature limits. The w o r k e r m a y p e r f o r m a n y of the specific duties of the class A op e r a t o r t u t requires guidance in the i n t e r p r e t a t i o n of t ests a n d o b s e r v a tions in s e t ting a n d r e g u l a t i n g controls a n d in m a k i n g out re p o r t s o n o p e r a t i o n s or A w o r k e r w h o o p erates prima r i l y one type of e q u i p m e n t under atmospheric or l o w pre s s u r e control w i t h i n r e l a t i v e l y b r o a d l i m i t s . A w o r k e r m a y d irect one or several helpers. PACKER, SAUSAGE C H E M I C A L OPE R A T O R H E L P E R A worker who pac k s s ausage in boxes, cartons, or other containers a n d w h o s e w o r k involves: setting up p a p e r b o x e s or cartons; w r a p p i n g sausage in paper; p a c k i n g sausage in boxes, cartons or oth e r containers; w e i g h i n g packages; a n d a t t a c h i n g labels a n d t ags to p a c k ages. SAUSAGE M A K E R A worker who prepares s ausage meat, a n d who s e w o r k involves m o s t of the following: w e igh i n g out various meats, spices a n d ot h e r ingredients a c c o r d i n g t o formula; u s i n g grinder and chopper in cutt i n g the m e a t to size; u s i n g a m i x i n g m a c h i n e in b l e n d i n g the ingredients; a nd cooking sausage meat. A worker who perfo r m s a va r i e t y of simple a n d s t a n d a r d tas k s a s s i g n e d t o h i m b y a c h emical operator. The w o r k of the h elper involves»m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : a s s i s t i n g in the moving, handling, du m p i n g a n d w e i g h i n g of materials; l o a d i n g equipment; t a k i n g simple r e c o r d ings of tempe r a t u r e a n d pressure under the d i r e ction of c h e m i c a l operators; c l e a n i n g w o r k i n g area; r e m o v i n g f i n i s h e d produ c t s f r o m equipment; a nd cle a n i n g or w a s h i n g equipment. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n includes all h e l p e r s to chemical equipment operators, r e g a r d l e s s of w h e t h e r the op e r a t o r is assig n e d to a specific type of a p p a r a t u s o r is e n g a g e d i n c o n t r o l ing the o p e r a t i o n of a Beries of equipment. SHACKLER - K I L L I N G D E P A R T M E N T S Paints and V arnishes A work e r w h o a t taches one e n d of a s h ackling c h a i n to a h i n d leg of a nimal to be slaughtered a nd attaches the o t h e r e n d to a h o i s t w h i c h lifts the shack l e d a n i m a l into p o s i tion f o r the sticking operation. A c o m m o n type of h o i s t i n g e q uipment consists of a rev o l v i n g drum w h i c h raises the s h a c k l e d a n i m a l to a r a i l conveyor. L A B E L E R A N D PAC K E R A worker who pastes identifying labels o n cans or o t h e r co n t a i n e r s b y h a n d or b y m e a n s of a l a b e l i n g m achine, a n d / o r who packs l abeled c o ntainers into b o x e s or c a r t o n s . MIXER I n d u s t r i a l Chemicals (Batchmaker; compounder) CHEMI C A L OPERATOR A wor k e r w h o p r o d u c e s f i n a l or intermediate specifications p r e p a r e d b y a p r o f e s s i o n a l chemist. c h emical produ c t s in acco r d a n c e w i t h Class A - A w o r k e r w h o o p erates one type of equip m e n t or directs a chemi c a l proc e s s comprising several types of c h e m i c a l e q u i p m e n t where the r e a c t i o n involves p h y s i c a l a nd/or chemical changes w i t h i n h i g h l y critical, p ressure, v a c u u m a n d/or tem p e r a t u r e limits a n d w hose wo r k involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : d e t e r m i n i n g p r o p e r p r o p o r t i o n s of m a t e r i a l s a c c o r d i n g to formulae or specifications; m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y st a n d a r d calculations; sett i n g a n d re g u l a t i n g controls f o r temperature, p r e s s u r e o r f l o w of materials; o b s e r v i n g controls a n d m a k i n g n e c e s sary adjustments; using measuring and t e s t i n g instruments to ch e c k q u a l i t y of operation; keepi n g o p e r ational r e c ords a n d m a k i n g out reports o n operations; a n d r e s p o n s i b i l i t y f o r the or solids) A w o r k e r w h o operates one or m o r e m i x i n g m a c h i n e s in w h i c h c o m p o n e n t p a r t s (liquids are b l e n d e d or m i x e d in controlled amounts to p r o d u c e int e r m e d i a t e or finished products. TECHNICIAN (Assistant chemist) A w o r k e r w h o p e r f o r m s p r edetermined chemical tests, f o r example, to ascertain w h e t h e r p u r c h a s e d r a w m a t e r i a l s m e e t plant specifications, or to d e t e r m i n e w h e t h e r p r o c e s s i n g is b e i n g p e r f o r m e d a c c o r d i n g to p l a n t standards or s p e c i f i c a t i o n s . U s u a l l y is a c o llege g r a d uate in c h e m i s t r y or h as equi v a l e n t training a nd experience. u Foundries, Ferrous - Continued Paints and Varnishes - Continued TINTER (Color matcher, enamel maker) COREMAKER, HAND - Continued A worker who colors or tints paints, and whose work involves a combination of the following: blending basic color pigments in correct proportions to match standard color sample or according to specifications; using hand paddle or power mixer to mix ingredients thoroughly; checking weight and/or viscosity of batch against sample or specifications, and making necessary additions to mixture to meet requirements. In addition, may add thinner to ground paint. core; packing and ramming core sand solidly ±rto box, using shovels, hands, and tamping tools; selecting and setting vent wires and reinforcing wires into cores; determining appropriate sand blends and moisture content of sand required for a particular core; removing core box from core and repairing damage to impressions; baking cores to harden them; and assembling cores of more than one section. TRUCKER, HAM) MOLDER, FLOOR A worker who pushes or pulls hand trucks, cars or wheelbarrows used for transport ing goods and materials of all kinds about a warehouse, manufacturing plant, or other estab lishment, and usually loads or unloads hand trucks or wheelbarrows. May stack materials in storage bins, etc., and may keep records of materials moved. A worker who shapes large molds or mold sections b y hand on the foundry floor or in a pit, b y ramming or packing sand around a pattern placed in a flask, and whose work involves most of the following: selecting and assembling appropriate flasks and patterns and position ing patterns in flasks for a variety of molds; determination of appropriate sand blends and moisture content of sand required for different molds; packing and ramming sand around pattern; drawing pattern and smoothing mold; selecting and setting in position appropriate cores; deter mination of appropriate gating, venting reinforcing and facing required for particular mold; assembling mold sections into complete mold; using such molder's hand tools as riddles, rammers, trowels, slicks, lifters, bellows and mallets in compacting and smoothing of mold; directing the pouring of the molten metal into mold, and operation of crane in lifting and moving of mold or mold sections. VARNISH MAKER (Kettleman; oil cooker; varnish cooker) A worker who cooks necessary ingredients such as resins and gums in kettle to make various types caf varnishes and oils according to specifications, and whose work involves? regu lating controls for temperature; adding ingredients according to formula or other specifica tions checking viscosity cf batch and determining when it meets the standard sample. In addi tion, m a y also add thinner to the mixture. See also definition for Mixer. Foundries, Ferrous CHlRREK AND GRINDER (Air hammerman; bench grinder; chipper; disc grinder; face grinder; portable-grinder operator; power-chisel operator; shaft grinder; snagger; stand grinder; swing-frame grinder) Operates one or more types of chipping or grinding equipment in removing undesirable projections or surplus metal (fins, burrs, gates, risers, weld seams) from sand- or die-cast ings, forgings, or welded units. The more common types of equipment employed for such oper ations include pneumatic chisels, portable grinding tools, stand grinders, and swing-frame grinders. A variety of hand tools including hammers, cold chisels, hand files and saws may also be utilized b y the operator in his work. This classification includes workers who spe cialize on either chipping or grinding work, as well as those who perform both types of oper ations . COREMAKER, HAND A worker who shapes b y hand (on bench or floor) varying cores used in molds to form hollows andhdLes in metal castings, and whose work requires most of the following: selecting appropriate core boxes and work sequence; cleaning core boxes with compressed air or hand bellows and dusting parting sand over inside of core box to facilitate removal of finished MOLDER, HAND, BENCH A worker who shapes small and medium-sized molds (or component sections of a mold that are assembled ±ito complete units) by hand on a bench, b y ramming and packing sand around patterns placed in flasks, and whose work involves most of the following: selecting and as sembling appropriate flasks and patterns for varying molds; determination of appropriate sand blends and moisture content of sand required far different types of molds; packing and ramming green sand, dry sand or loam around patterns; drawing patterns and smoothing molds; selecting and setting cores in position; determination of the types of gating necessary for the molds; finishing molds b y performing such operations as facing, venting, and reinforcing; assembling 'mold sections to form complete molds; selecting and using such molder's hand tools as riddles, trowels, slicks, lifters, bellows and mallets in packing and smoothing of molds or mold sec tions; and directing the pouring of the molten metals. MOLDER, MACHINE A worker who shapes molds or mold sections on any of several types of molding m a chines, such as roll-over, jarring, and squeeze machines, and whose work involves most of the following: selecting and assembling appropriate flasks and patterns and positioning pattern in flasks; filling flasks with sand and ramming of sand around pattern with ramming tool or b y mechanical means; determination of appropriate sand blends and moisture content of sand required for particular molds; preparing molds for drawing of patterns, and repairing damage to mold impressions in sand; selecting and setting in position appropriate cores; determina tion of appropriate venting, gating, reinforcing and facing required; assembling upper and lower sections of molds, and guiding or assisting in the pouring of the molten metal into the mold. Fabricated Structural Steel and Ornamental Metal W o r k - Continued Foundries, Ferrous - Continued FITTER, STRUCTURAL PATTERNMAKER, WOOD A worker who builds wooden patterns, core boxes or match plates, and whose work in volves most of the following: planning and laying out of work from blueprints, drawings, or models; making standard shop computations relating to dimensions of work; using a variety of patternmaker’s hand tools such as saws, planes, chisels, gauges, and mallets; operating vari ous woodworking machines such as band saws, circular saws, borers, routers, lathe planers, drill presses, senders, and shapers; checking work with calipers, rules, protractors, squares, straight-edges, and other measuring instruments; assembling patterns and sections of patterns by gluing, nailing, screwing, and doweling; working to required tolerances and allowances, and selecting the materials for the construction of a particular pattern. May also make sweeps (templates) for making molds by the sweep-molding method. In general the work of the patternmaker requires a rounded training and experience usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and experience. SHAKE-OUT MAN A worker who, working in an establishment, assembles and/or fits up structural steel shapes used in the fabrication of buildings, towers, bridges and other structures. The work includes assembling of processed structural steel members In preparation for riveting or we l d ing operations, and joining parts together to see that they are properly processed for a s sembly by other workers at the construction site. Class A - A worker who is required to assemble and fit up a variety of types of structural work; to work from blueprints, drawings or other written specifications; to plan assembly procedures; and to use hand tools and measuring devices in the performance of his work. Class B - A worker who is required to assemble structural units requiring little or no fitting; to do repetitive types of assembling operations according to procedures establish ed b y others; and to use hand tools and measuring devices in the performance of his work. FLAME-CUTTING-MACHINE OPERATOR A worker who removes castings from the molds in which they were cast, and whose work involves one or more of the following: releasing clamps holding sections of flask together, separating the sections and breaking the sand mold from the castings, using a steel bar or sledge hammer, or removing castings from the sand with the aid of metal hooks; operating a vibrating shake-out screen In removing sand and castings from flasks; using a pneumatic shaker which, when attached to the flask, jars or jolts it until the mold has crumbled; using a vibratory air-hammer to remove the sand and castings; shaking loosely adhering sand from cast ings; and shoveling sand shaken from molds into a pile. (Acetylene-burning-machine operator; machine-burner operator) A worker who cuts steel plate into various designs and shapes, using h and guided or automatic flame-cutting machines, and whose work involves most of the following: laying of template or blueprint of layout on table top adjacent to machine, or making layout of design; positioning work for operations; adjusting burner tip of cutting torch, regulating flame and speed of machine according to thickness of metal; and positioning guide wheels of machine against a template, or tracing course of cutting torch w ith a pantograph In producing desired cuts. TRUCKER, HAND (See Paints and Varnishes, page kk, for description.) Fabricated Structural Steel and Ornamental Metal W o r k CRANE OPERATOR, ELECTRIC BRIDGE (Overhead-crane operator; traveling-crane operator) A worker who lifts and moves heavy objects with an electrically powered hoist which is mounted on a metal bridge, and runs along overhead rails. The work of the operator in volves: closing switch to turn on electricity; moving electrical controller levers and brake pedal to r u n t * crane bridge along overhead rails, to run the hoisting trolley back and forth across the bridge, and to raise and lower hie load line and anything attached to it. (Motions of crane are usually carried out in response to signals from other workers, on the ground.) For wage study purposes, in this industry crane operators are classified as: Crane operators, electric bridge (under 10 tons) Crane operators, electric bridge (10 tons and over) LAY-OUT MAN A worker who outlines guide marks on structural steel, plate, castings, sheet-metal or other metal shapes for subsequent processing and fabrication, b y indicating guide lines, centers, reference points, dimensions and processing instructions on the surface of metal part. Class A - A lay-out me n whose work involves most of the following: laying out from blueprints or drawings; making shop computations to locate guide lines, reference points, centers of punch marks; preparing the surface of metal objects for lay-out; working on a variety of products of various sizes and shapes; indicating detailed instructions to p r o cessing workers; end using hand tools and measuring Instruments. Class B - A lay-out m e n whose work involves any combination of the following: using templates in indicating reference points or guide lines; working from drawings on repetitive lay-outs; providing simple instructions to processing workers; and using hand tools end me a s uring instruments. POWER-SHEAR OPERATOR A worker who operates one car more types of power shears to cut metal sheets, plates, bars, rods and other metal shapes to size or length. Fabricated Structural Steel and Ornamental Metal W o r k - Continued POWER-SHEAR OPERATOR - Continued Fabricated Structural Steel and Ornamental Metal W o r k - Continued WELDER, MACHINE - Continued Class A - A worker who is required to set up and operate power-shear equipment, under general supervision only, and whose work involves most of the following: working from blueprints or drawings or to material requisition lists; planning and lay-out of work; selec ting and utilizing material to avoid excessive scrap; setting stop gauges, aligning material and performing shearing operation on machine; shearing large or heavy material to lay-out or specified dimensions; and performing shearing operations involving angular or circular cuts. Class B - A worker who is required to operate power-shears on straight shearing operations performed on a repetitive basis where accuracy is not an important consideration and where setting up is limited to setting stop gauges for size of stock desired or is done b y others. determination of number and spacing of welds; positioning and welding units fixtures; and using such hand tools as hammers, pliers, files and wrenches. with or without Class B - A worker who operates resistance-welding apparatus and whose work involves the following: performing repetitive welding operations on standard units where current set tings and electrodes are prescribed or set b y others; and using fixtures for positioning work or positioning b y hand small parts requiring simple welding operations. Machinery Industries WELDER, HARD ASSEMBLER A worker who fuses (welds) metal objects together by means of an oxyacetylene torch or arc welding apparatus in the fabrication of metal shapes and in repairing broken or cracked metal objects. In addition to performing hand welding or brazing operation, he may also lay out guide lines or marks on metal parts and may cut metal with a cutting torch. Class A - Worker who performs welding operations requiring most of the following; planning and laying out of work from drawings, blueprints or other written specifications; knowledge of welding properties of a variety of metals and alloys; setting up of work and de termining operation sequence; welding of high pressure vessels or other objects involving cri tical safety and load requirements; working from a variety of positions; and ability to weld with gas or arc apparatus. Class B - Worker who is required to perform either arc or gas welding operations on t jV i c Y \f\ o a f a - f ir •o e y. ov > wM 4 h w a I * M .I V /A fw u .j tn - ru Vw i o« vw a +w Vu »w a tn mW m lu r jk calls mainly for one position welding; and where the layout and planning of the work are p e r formed b y others. WELDER, MACHINE (Butt welder; flash welder; seam welder; spot welder) A worker who operates one or more types of resistance welding apparatus to weld (bond) together metal objects such as bars, pipes, and plates. Resistance welding is a proc ess wherein an electric current is passed through the parts to be welded at the point of con tact, and mechanical pressure is applied forcing the contact surfaces together at the points to be joined. Welding machines are generally designated according to type of weld performed and arrangement of welding surfaces of parts to be joined. Welds may be made on overlapping units in the form of one or more spots (spot welding) or lineally b y using a rolling electrode (seam w e l d i n g ) . Machine welding of units where the edges are brought together without lapping is referred to as butt welding. Class A - A worker who operates resistance-welding apparatus end whose work involves most of the following: working from lay-out or other specifications; knowledge of welding properties of a variety of metals and alloys; selecting and setting up work-holding fixtures and electrodes; determination of proper pressures, temperatures, timing, and flow of current; (Bench assembler; floor assembler; jig assembler; line assembler; sub-assembler) A worker who assembles and/or fits together parts to form complete units or subas semblies at a bench, conveyor line, or on the floor, depending upon the size of the units and the organization of the production process. The work of the assembler may include processing operations requiring the use of hand tools in scraping, chipping and filing of parts to obtain a desired fit as well as power tools and special equipment when punching, riveting, soldering or welding of parts is necessary. Workers who perform any of these processing operations ex clusively as part of specialized assembling operations are not included in this classification. Class A - A worker who assembles parts into complete units or subassemblies that r e quire fitting of parts and decisions regarding proper performance of any component part or the assembled unit, and whose work involves any combination of the following: assembling from drawings, blueprints or other written specifications; assembling units composed of a variety of parts and/or subassemblies; assembling large units requiring careful fitting and adjusting of parts to obtain specified clearances; and using a variety of hand and powered tools and precision measuring instruments. Class B - A worker who assembles parts into units or subassemblies in accordance with standard and prescribed procedures, and whose work involves any combination of the fol lowing: assembling a limited range of standard and familiar products composed of a number of small or medium-sized parts requiring some fitting or adjusting; assembling large units that require little or no fitting of component parts; working under conditions where accurate per formance and completion of work within set time limits are essential for subsequent assem bling operations; and using a limited variety of hand or powered tools. Class C - A worker who performs short-cycle, repetitive assembling operations, and whose work does not involve any fitting or making decisions regarding proper performance of the component parts or assembling procedures. DRILL-PRESS OPERATOR, SINGLE- OR MULTIPLE-SPINDLE Performs such operations as drilling, reaming, countersinking, counterboring, spot facing and tapping on one or more types of single-spindle or multiple-spindle drill presses. Machinery Industries - Continued Machinery Industries - Continued DRILL-PRESS OPERATOR, SINGLE- OR MULTIPLE-SPINDLE - Continued This classification includes operators of all types radial-drill presses and portable drilling equipment. ENGINE-LATHE OPERATOR - Continued of drill presses other than Operator m ay be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine for operations requiring care ful positioning, blocking and aligning of units; to determine speeds, feeds, tooling and op eration sequence; and to make all necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite dimensions or Class B - Operator who is required to maintain operation set up b y others, b y m a k ing all necessary adjustments, where care is essential to achieve very close tolerances or Operator vho is required to set up machine where speeds, feeds, tooling and opera tion sequence are prescribed but whose work involves very difficult operations such as deep drilling, or boring to exacting specifications. Class B - Operator who is required to set up machine on standard operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; and to make all necessary ad justments during operation or Operator who is required to maintain set-up made by others, including making all necessary adjustments during operation on work requiring considerable care on the part of the operator to maintain specified tolerances. Class C - Operator who is required only to operate machine, on routine and repeti tive operations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop the machine and call on foreman, leadman, or set-up m an to correct the operation. ELECTRICIAN, MAINTENANCE (See Maintenance and Bower Plant, page 1*0, for description.) Operator who is required to set up machine on standard or roughing operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; and to make adjustments during operation. Operator may be required to recognize to select proper coolants and cutting oils. when tools need dressing, to dress tools and Class C - Operator who is required only to operate machine on routine and repetitive operations! to make only minor adjustments during operation; and wh e n trouble occurs to stop the machine and call on foreman, leadman, or set-up man to correct the operation. GRINDING-MACHINE OPERATOR (Centerless-grinder operator; cylindrical-grinder operator; external-grinder opera tor; internal-grinder operator; surface-grinder operator; Universal-grinder operator) A worker who operates one of several types of precision grinding machines to grind internal and external surfaces of metal parts to a smooth and even finish and to required dimensions. Precision grinding is used primarily as a finishing operation on previously m a chined parts, and consists of applying abrasive wheels rotating at'high speed to the surfaces to be ground. ENGINE-LATHE OPERATOR Operates an engine lathe for shaping external and internal cylindrical surfaces of metal objects. Tie engine lathe, basically characterized b y a headstock, tailstock, and powerfed tool carriage, is a general-purpose machine tool used primarily for turning. It is also commonly used in performing such operations as facing, boring, drilling, and threading; and, equipped with appropriate attachments, it may be used for a very wide variety of -special m a chining operations. The stock may be held in position by the lathe "centers” or by various types of chucks and fixtures. This classification excludes operators of bench lathes, automatic lathes, automaticscrew machines, and hand-turret lathes and hand-screw machines. Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine; to select feeds, speeds, tool ing and operation sequence; and to make necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite dimensions or Operator who is required to set up machine from drawings, blueprints or layout, in accordance with prescribed feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence and to make necessary adjustments during operation where changes in work and set-up are frequent and where care is essential to achieve very close tolerances. In addition to the types of grinding machines indicated above, this classification includes operators of other production grinding machines such as: single-purpose grinders, (drill grinders, broach grinders, saw grinders, gear cutter grinders, thread grinders, etc.), and automatic and semi-automatic general purpose grinding machines. Class A - A n operator who is required to set up machine; to select feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence; and to make necessary adjustments during operation to achieve requisite dimensions or A n operator who is required to set up machine from drawings or blueprints or lay-out in accordance with prescribed feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence and to make n e c essary adjustments during operation where changes in work and set-up are frequent and where care is essential to achieve very close tolerances. Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. Class B - A n operator who is required to set up machine on standard operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are either prescribed or are known from past experience; to make adjustments during operation; and to maintain prescribed tolerances or Machinery Industries - Continued Machinery Industries - Continued GRINDING-MACHINE OPERATOR - Continued MACHINIST, A n operator -who is required to maintain operation set up "by others, b y making all necessary adjustments, 'where considerable care is essential to achieve very close tolerances. tions and specifications; planning and laying out of work; using a variety of machinist's hand tools and precision measuring instruments; setting up and operating standard machine tools; shaping of metal parts to close tolerances; making standard shop computations relating to di mensions of work, tooling, feeds and speeds cf machining; understanding of the working proper ties of the common metals; and selecting standard materials, parts and equipment needed for his work. In general, the m a c hinist’s work normally requires a rounded training in machineshop practice usually acquired through a formal apprenticeship or equivalent training and ex perience . Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to select coolants and cutting oils. to dress tools and Class C - A n operator who is required only o operate machine on routine and repeti tive operations; to make only minor adjustments dur: ig operation; and when trouble occurs to stop the machine and call on foreman, leadman, or se“ -up man to correct the operation. PRODUCTION - Continued MILLING-MACHINE OPERATOR INSPECTOR (Milling-machine operator, automatic; milling-machine operator, hand) A worker who performs such operations as examining parts or products for flaws and defects, and checking their dimensions and appearance to determine whether they meet the r e quired standards and specifications. Class -A - A worker who inspects parts, products, and/or processes with responsi bility for~decisions regarding the quality of the product and/or operations, and whose work involves any combination of the following: thorough knowledge of the processing operations in the branch of work to which he is assigned, including the use of a variety of precision measuring instruments; interpreting drawings and specifications in inspection work on units composed of a large number of component parts; examining a variety of products or processing operations; determining causes of flaws in products and/or processes and suggesting necessary changes to correct work methods; and devising inspection procedures for new products. Class B - A worker who inspects parts, products, and/or processes and whose work involves any combination of the following: knowledge of processing operations in the branch of w ork to which he is assigned, limited to familiar products and processes or where perform ance is dependent on past experience; performing inspection operations on products and/or processes having rigid specifications, but where the inspection procedures involving a se quence of inspection operations, including decisions regarding proper fit or performance of some parts; and using precision measuring instruments. Class C - A worker who inspects parts, products and/or processes and whose work in volves any combination of the following: short-cycle, repetitive inspection operations; using a standardized, special-purpose measuring instrument repetitively; and visual examination of parts or products, rejecting units having obvious deformities or flaws. Performs a variety of work such as grooving, planing, and shaping metal objects on a milling machine, which removes material from metal surfaces by the cutting action of multi toothed rotating cutters of various sizes and shapes. Milling-machine types vary from the manually controlled machines employed production to fully automatic (conveyor-fed) machines found in plants engaged in mass tion. This classification includes operators of all types of milling machines except purpose millers such as thread millers, duplicators, die sinkers, pantograph millers graving millers. in unit produc single and en Class A - Operator who is required to set up machine; to select feeds, speeds, tool ing and operation sequence; and to make necessary adjustments during operation to achieve req uisite dimensions or Operator who is required to set up machine from drawings, blueprints, or lay-out in accordance with prescribed feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence, and to make neces sary adjustments during operation where changes in work and set up are frequent and where con siderable care is essential to achieve very close tolerances. Operator ma y be required to recognize when tools need dfeasing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting and lubricating oils. Class B - Operator who is required to set up machines on standard operations where feeds, speeds, tooling and operation sequence are prescribed; to make adjustments during oper ation; and to maintain prescribed tolerances or JANITOR (Sweeper; cleaner) Operator who is required to maintain operation set up by others, b y making all n e cessary adjustments, where considerable care is essential to achieve very close tolerances. A worker who sweeps and cleans shop areas, washrooms and offices, and removes waste and refuse. May wash floors and windows. Operator may be required to recognize when tools need dressing, to dress tools, and to select proper coolants and cutting oils. MACHINIST, PRODUCTION Class C - Operator who is required to operate only, on routine and repetitive oper ations; to make only minor adjustments during operation; and when trouble occurs to stop m a chine and call on foreman, leadman or set-up man to correct the operation. A worker who is required to fabricate metal parts involving a series of progressive operations and whose work involves most of the following: understanding of written ins true- Machinery Industries - Continued Department and Clothing Stores - Continued SALES C L E R K - C o n t i n u e d T O OL - A N D - D I E MA K E R (Die maker; jig maker; to o l maker; f i xture maker; gauge maker) A work e r w h o c o n s tructs a n d repa i r s m a c h i n e - s h o p t o o l s , gauges, jigs, f i x t u r e s or dies f o r forgings, p u n c h i n g a n d oth e r m e t a l - f o r m i n g work, a n d w h o s e w o r k involves m o s t of the following: p l a n n i n g a n d l a y i n g out of w o r k f r o m models, blueprints, drawings or other oral a nd w r i t t e n specifications; u s i n g a v a r i e t y of t o o l - and-die m a k e r ’s h a n d tools a n d p r e c i s i o n m e a s u r i n g instruments; u n d e r s t a n d i n g of the w o r k i n g pr o p e r t i e s of c o m m o n me t a l s a n d alloys; setting up and o p e r a t i n g of m a c h i n e tools a n d r e l a t e d equipment; m a k i n g n e c e s s a r y shop c o m p u tations relat i n g to d i mensions of work, speed, feeds, a n d t o o l i n g of machines; h e a t - t r e a t i n g of m e t a l parts during f a b r i c a t i o n as w e l l as of f i n i s h e d tools a n d dies to achieve r e q u i r e d qualities; w o r k i n g to close tolerances; f i t t i n g and a s s e m b l i n g of parts to p r e s c r i b e d t o l e r ances and allowances; a n d s e l e c t i n g a p p r o p r i a te materials, tools a n d processes. In general, the t o o l - and-die ma k e r ' s w o r k requ i r e s a r o u n d e d t r a i n i n g in m a c h i n e - s h o p a nd t o o l r o o m p r a c tice u s u a l l y ac q u i r e d t h r o u g h a f o r m a l a p p r e n t i c e s h i p or e q uivalent t r a i n i n g a n d experience. F o r wage study purposes, the B u r e a u of Lab o r Statistics classifies w o rkers b y type of shop, as follows: T o o l - a n d - d i e makers, T o o l - a n d - d i e makers, jobbing shops other t h a n jobbing shops F o r wage s tudy purposes, the B u r e a u of L abor S t atistics cl a s s i f i e s department, as follows: Bedspreads, draperies, blankets Bl o u s e s a n d neckw e a r B o y s ’ c l othing B o y s ’ furnishings F l o o r coverings Fu r n i t u r e a nd b e d d i n g Housew a r e s (except china, glassware and lamps) M a j o r appliances (refrigerators, stoves, w a shers, e t c . ; excludes radios and television) Men's clothing Men's f u r n i shings Notions, trimmings Piece goods (yard goods, u p h o lstery fabrics) Silverware a n d jewelry (excluding costume jewelry) Women's a c cessories (hosiery, gloves, handbags) Women's a n d m i s s e s ’ dresses W omen's shoes W o m e n ’s a n d misses' suits a n d coats sales clerks b y SEWER, ALTERATION, W O M E N ' S GARMENTS WELDER, HAND (Operator; seamstress) (See F a b r i c a t e d S t r u c t u r a l S teel a nd Or n a m e n t a l M e t a l W o r k , page ^6, for description.) D e p a r t m e n t a n d Cl o t h i n g Stores CASHIER - W R A P P E R A wo r k e r w h o wr a p s a n d re c e i v e s p a ym e n t f o r merchandise. The duties of this w o r k e r involve m o s t of the following: r e c e i v i n g payment, m e rchandise, a n d sales c h e c k f r o m s ales p e r s o n or customer; reviewing salescheck for correct computations; m a k i n g change; checking salesc h e c k against m e r c h a n d i s e f o r price, quality, size, color, imperfections; w r a p p i n g m e r chandise; a t t aching addr e s s la b e l if m e r c h a n d i s e is to b e sent. E L E V A T O R OPERATOR, P A S S E N G E R (See Custodial, W a r e h o u s i n g a n d S h i p p i n g , p age ^1, f o r description.) A w o r k e r w ho makes alterations on w o m e n ’s dresses, coats, or suits. Typical alter ations include such items as taking-up hems, shortening sleeves, t a k i n g - i n side seams, c h a n g ing shoulder seams, a n d felling, in accordance wi t h m arkings on ga r m e n t or instructions r e c eived f r o m fitter. The w o r k of the sewer involves most of the f o l l o w i n g : r i p p i n g seams or linings; r e - c u t t i n g fabric; b a s t i n g in p o s i t i o n for sewing; re-sewing by hand or machine. M a y also press n e w seams, or press garment w i t h ha n d iron or p r e s s i n g machine wh e n altera tions are completed. TAILOR, ALTERATION, M E N ' S GARMENTS A w o r k e r w h o m akes alterations on m en's coats, suits, t r o u s e r s a n d vests. Typical a l terations include such items as r e m o deling shoulders and necklines, r e - s e t t i n g sleeves a n d collars, t a k i n g - i n side seems, and felling, in accordance w i t h m a r k i n g s on garm e n t or i n structions r e c e i v e d f r o m fitter. The w o r k of the altera t i o n t a i l o r involves m o s t of the f o l lowing: r i p p i n g seams a n d linings, re-cutting fabric, b a s t i n g in p o s i t i o n " f o r sewing, ~re^ sewing b y h a n d or machine. M a y a lso press n e w seams, or press garm e n t w i t h h a n d i r o n or p r e s s i n g m a c h i n e w h e n alterations are completed. SALES C L E R K A w o r k e r w h o sells m e r c h a n d i s e in a n a s s i g n e d depart m e n t of a store or i n a store spe c ializing in one or a f e w items. D e t e r m i n e s m e r c h a n d i s e d e s ired b y customer, assists in selection, explains a n d d e m o n s t r a t e s va r i o u s qualities of the m e r c h andise, r e ceives payment, and m a k e s out salescheck. M a y a l s o do o w n c a s h i e r i n g a n d w r a p p i n g a n d a s s i s t in s t ocking a n d displaying merchandise. Banks B O O K K E E P I N G - M A C H I N E OPERATOR ( S e e Off i c e , p age 37> for description.) 50. Hotels - Continued Banks - Continued TELLER, PAYING, OB P A Y I N G A N D R E C E I V I N G , E L E V A T O R OPERATOR, C O MMER C I A L C a s h e s c u s t o m e r s 1 p e r s o n a l or o t her checks. M a y also r e ceive deposits o n c h ecking a c c o u n t s a n d m a k e e n t r i e s in . c u s t o m e r s 1 a c c o u n t books. Writes up or signs depo s i t slips to be u s e d l a t e r in b a l a n c i n g bo o k s . M a y r e c o r d the dai l y transactions a n d b a l a n c e accounts. May s u p e r v i s e one or m o r e c l erks w h o r e c o r d d e t ails of transactions, such as names, dates, serial num b e r s , a n d a m o u n t s i n v o l v e d so t h a t p e r t i n e n t data m a y be distr i b u t e d a m o n g the several d e partments for recording, fi l i n g , a n d clearing. M a y a lso handle wit h d r a w a l s a n d deposits on sav i n g s a c c o unts. F o r wage study purposes, t e l l e r s are class .fied s e r v i c e w i t h the e s t a b l i s h m e n t as follows: on the b a s i s of th e i r length PAS S E N G E R (See Custodial, W a r e h o u s i n g a n d Shipping, pa g e k l, f o r description.) HOUSEMAN M oves a n d arranges furniture; pre p a r e s rooms f o r renovations; sets up sample rooms, m e e t i n g rooms a n d b a n q u e t rooms; obtains a d d i t i o n a l fur n i t u r e a n d fur n i s h i n g s f r o m storage in respo n s e to r equests of guests m a d e th r o u g h Hou s e k e e p e r or other supervisor. In smaller h o t e l s m a y p e r f o r m h e a v i e r d e e m i n g operations in lob b y a n d halls a n d m a y wa s h windows. of U n d e r 5 years* service 5 o r m o r e years* service MAID, CHAMBER (Room maid) P e rforms r o utine duties, clean i n g a n d servicing of g u e s t ’s r ooms u n d e r close s uper v i s i o n of housekeeper. M a y a l s o c l e a n baths. Hotels Po w e r Laundries CASHIER Receives m o n e y f r o m customers or company employees in p a y m e n t of accounts, bills, i t e m i z e d lists, o r sales tickets. M a k e s nece s s a r y change. Balances cash r e c e i v e d a g a inst ca s h r e g i s t e r or o t h e r r e c o r d of r eceipts. M a y issue receipts f o r m o n e y received. M a y cash checks. M a y m a k e a u t h o r i z e d d i s b u r s e m e n t s . M a y make up p a y r o l l or b a n k deposits. M a y sell gif t c e r t i f i c a t e s . I n some h o t e l s , m a y a c t as c u s t o d i a n for guest*s valuables p l a c e d in safe deposit box e s , o r le f t f o r safe keeping. M a y a l s o p ost charges against g u e s t ’s accounts. I n some e s t a b l i s h m e n t s , m a y a l s o w r a p pa c k a g e s . This classification does n o t include Cashiers who do g e neral b o o k k e e p i n g f o r the establishment, h e a d c a s h i e r s in c e n t r a l tu be rooms, a n d sales p e r s o n n e l w h o ma k e the i r own CLERK, R E T A I L R E C E I V I N G A p e r s o n w h o receives w o r k f r o m r o u t e m e n or f r o m customers over the counter in the r e c e i v i n g office or store of a dry - c l e a n i n g or la u n d r y es t a b l i s h m e n t a n d whose wo r k involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : M a i n t a i n i n g a r e c o r d of articles or bu n d l e s received; returning c o m p l e t e d w o r k to customers w h o call f o r it; c o l l e c t i n g p a y m e n t a nd m a i n t a i n i n g simple records of m o n e y received; a n d in e s t a b lishments w h e r e d r y c l e a n i n g is done, f a s t e n i n g a n identifying m a r k e r to each article, exam i n i n g a n a r ticle f o r defects s uch as holes, stains or tears, and m a k i n g a r e c o r d of the ide n t i f i c a t i o n symbol a s s i g n e d to e a c h a rticle w i t h a bri e f description of the ar t i c l e a n d of any defects noted. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does n ot include store managers. E X T R A C T O R OPERATOR change. (Whizzer operator) CLERK, DESK ( R oom clerk, s m a l l e r hote l s ) Registers a n d a s s i g n s r o o m s to incoming guests and checks out d e p a r t i n g guests. Maintains records of r e s e r v a t i o n s a n d roo m s occupied. F u r n ishes information, r e ceives a n d distributes mail a n d t e l e g r a m s , a n d issues a n d accepts r oom keys. May supervise bellhops, elevator operators o r F B X op e r a t o r s . I n the v e r y small hotels m a y h a n d l e accounts and r e ceive p a y m e n t f o r rooms. CLERK, B O O M ing. R e n t s and a s s i g n s r o o m s t o p e r s o n s app l y i n g at desk, over the telephone, or i n w r i t A r r a n g e s t r a n s f e r of r e g i s t e r e d gu e s ts to other rooms. Checks o ut guests a n d refers t h e m to C a s h i e r f o r p a y m e n t of bill. A w o r k e r w h o removes surplus m o i s t u r e f r o m m a t e r i a l s (such as w et cloth, clothing, knit goods, and yarn) b y o p e r a t i n g a n e x t r a c t o r a n d w h o s e w o r k involves m o s t of the f o l l o w i n g : loading material into p e r f o r a t e d d r u m of m a c h i n e b y h a n d or hoist; c l o s i n g l i d a nd starting machine, al l o w i n g it to r u n a p r e d e t e r m i n e d time or u n t i l f l u i d stops f l o w i n g f r o m drain; r e m o v i n g p a r t l y d r i e d materials; and h a n d t r u c k i n g m a t e r i a l s w i t h i n the department. In addition, the w o r k e r m a y ass i s t the W a s h e r in loading, operating, o r u n l o a d i n g the w a s h i n g machine. F I NISHER, FLATWORK, M A C H I N E A worker w h o pe r f o r m s f l a t w o r k f i n i s h i n g o p e r ations b y ma c h i n e a nd w hose w o r k in vol v e s one or m o r e of the f o l l o w i n g : shak i n g out the creases in semi- d r y w a s h i n g to prepare it f o r the f l a t w o r k ironing machine; f e e d i n g clean, d amp f l a t w o r k p i e c e s into the flatw o r k ironing m a c h i n e b y p l a c i n g the a rticles o n the f e e d e r rollers; a n d ca t c h i n g or r e c e i v i n g a r t i cles as t h e y emerge f r o m the m a c h i n e a n d p a r t i a l l y f o l d i n g them. 51 Auto Repair Service - Continued Power Laundries - Continued ELECTRICIAN, A U T O M O T I V E IDENTIFIER A w o r k e r w h o sorts s o i l e d b u n d l e s , plac e s the contents into vari o u s b a g s and by mean s of flags, pins o r ot h e r devi c e s iden t i fies the n e t w i t h a custo m e r tag or ticket. In a d d i t i o n m a y weigh, l i s t or co u n t some o r all a r ticles c o n t a i n e d in e a c h bundle. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does not include w o r k e r s w h o m a r k o r o t herwise i d e n t i f y e a c h i n d i vidual pi e c e c o n tai n e d i n a bundle. MARKER A worker who marks or affixes b y h a n d or m e c h a n i c a l means, customer i d e n t ifying symbols o n soiled garments, linens, o r o t h e r articles. In a d d i t i o n m a y weigh, list, or count articles c o n t ained in e a c h b und l e , sort c o ntents of each b u n d l e into groups a c c o r d i n g to t r e a t m e n t to b e received, or n o t e a n d r e c o r d a n y da m a g e d or st a i n e d c o n d i t i o n of articles. This c l a s s i f i c a t i o n does n o t include w o r k e r s w h o do sorting, examining, or l i s t i n g w i t h o u t m a r k i n g the v a r i o u s articles. FRESSER, MACHINE, SHIRT A worker who oper a t e s or te n d s the o p e r a t i o n of one or m o r e of the seve r a l type m ach i n e s t h a t press shirts, a n d w h o p e r f o r m such shirt p r e s s i n g o p erations as b o d y pressing, b o s o m pressing, collar a n d cuff p r e ssing, a n d / o r sleeve pressing. (Ignition repairman) R e p a i r s a n d installs ign i t i o n systems, starters, coils, p a n e l i n s t r u m e n t s , wiring, a n d o ther el e c t r i c a l systems and e q u i p m e n t o n a utomobiles j p e r f o r m s s uch duties as d i a g n o s i n g trouble b y v i s u a l i n s p e c t i o n or b y use of testing devices; a d j u s t i n g timing; adjusting dis t r i b u t o r b r e a k e r - p o i n t gaps w i t h thickness gage; r e p l a c i n g d e f e c t i v e pa r t s o n starters, g e n erators, a n d distributors; a n d r e p l a c i n g defective ignition a n d l i g h t i n g wires. M a y te s t a n d r e p a i r generators. M a y r e p a i r a n d a d j u s t carburetors. GREASER (Lubricating man) Lubricates, b y m e a n s of h a n d - o p e r a t e d or compress e d - a i r operated gre a s e guns a n d oil sprays, a l l p arts of a u t o m o b i l e or tru c k w here l u b r i c a t i o n is r equired, u s i n g p r o p e r type l u b r icant o n the va r i o u s p o i n t s o n chassis or motors; drains old l u b r i c a n t f r o m l u b r i c a n t r e s e r voirs euad r efills w i t h new. M a y p e r f o r m other r e l a t e d duties, s uch as c h e c k i n g r a d i a t o r w a t e r level, che c k i n g a nd a d d i n g d i s t i l l e d w a t e r to battery, r e p a i r i n g tires, etc. M a y also perform duties of washer. WASHER, M A CHINE MECHANIC, A U T O M O T I V E A worker who o p e rates o ne o r m o r e w a s h i n g m a c h i n e s to w a s h h o u s e h o l d linens, g a r ments, curtains, drapes a n d o t h e r a r t i c l e s a n d whose w o r k involves the following: manipula ting valves, switches, a n d levers to s tart a n d stop the m a c h i n e a n d to control the a m o u n t a n d temperature of w a t e r f o r the s u d s i n g a n d r i n s i n g of ea c h batch; m i x i n g a n d a d d i n g soap, b l u i n g a n d b l e a c h i n g solutions; a n d l o a d i n g a n d u n l o a d i n g the w a s h i n g machine. In a d d i t i o n m a y m ake m i n o r repairs to w a s h i n g machine. WRAPPER, B U N D L E A wo r k e r w h o w r a p s p a c k a g e s or f i n i s h e d products, or pac k s articles, goods, o r m a terials in c ardboard b o x e s a n d secures the p a c k a g e or b o x w i t h twine, ribbon, g u m m e d tape, or paste. The w o r k e r m a y segregate ar t i c l e s a c c o r d i n g to size or type, or a c c o r d i n g to customer's order a n d inspect articles f o r defe c t s b e f o r e wrapping. R e p a i r s autom o b i l e s a n d trucks, p e rforming such duties as d i s a s s e m b l i n g a n d o v e r h a u l ing engines, transmissions, clutches, rear ends, a nd other a s s e m b l i e s o n auto m o b i l e s , r e p l a c ing w o r n or b r o k e n parts, gri n d i n g valves, a d justing brakes, t i g h t e n i n g b o d y b olts, a l i g n i n g wheels, etc. I n a d d i t i o n to ge n e r a l automotive mechanics, this c l a s s i f i c a t i o n a l s o includes wo r k e r s w h o s e duties are li m i t e d to repairing a n d o v e r h auling the m otor. Class A - Repairs, rebuilds, or overhauls engines, tra n s m i s s i o n s , clutches, rear ends, or o ther assemblies, replaces w o r n or b r o k e n parts, grinds v a lves, b o r e s cylinders, fibs rings. In addition, m a y adjust b r a k e s or lights, t i g hten b o d y bolts, a l i g n wheels, etc. May rem o v e o r repl a c e motors, tran s m i s s i o n s or other assemblies. M a y do m a c h i n i n g of parts. Class B - Ad j u s t s b r a k e s or lights, tightens b o d y bolts, alig n s w heels, or m a k e s other adj u s t m e n t s or r e pairs of a m i n o r nature; or removes a n d r e p l a c e s moto r s , t r a n s missions, clutches, re a r ends, etc., b u t does n o repairing, rebuilding, or o v e r h a u l i n g of these a s s e m blies. W o r k e r s who are e m p l o y e d as helpers to Mechanics are e x c l u d e d f r o m this c l a s s ification. A u t o R e p a i r S hops B O D Y R EPAIRMAN, M E T A L (Aut o m o b i l e - c o l l i s i o n serviceman; f e n d e r a n d b o d y repairman; b o d y man) Re p a i r s da m a g e d a u t o m o b i l e f e n d e r s a n d bod i e s to re s t o r e th e i r origi n a l shape and smoothness of surface b y h a m m e r i n g o ut a n d f i l l i n g dents, a n d b y w e l d i n g b r e a k s in the metal. M a y remo v e b olts a n d nuts, take off o l d fenders, a n d i n stall n e w fenders. M a y p e r f o r m such rela t e d tasks as r e p l a c i n g b r o k e n g lass a n d r e p a i r i n g d a m aged r a d i a t o r s a n d woodwork. May p a i n t r e p a i r e d surfaces. WASHER, A U T O M O B I L E (Car washer; w a s h boy) W a shes aut o m o b i l e s a n d trucks; sweeps a n d cleans inter i o r of a u tomobile; m a y p o l i s h auto vehi c l e bodies, u s i n g p o l i s h i n g compound and a cloth. V a r i o u s p a r t s of this Job m a y b e p e r f o r m e d b y indivi d u a l w o r k e r s in automobile laundries p r o d u c t i o n lines. 52 Hospitals* DIETITIAN Develops sults food on with the orders for contents sonnel of such Performs of inspects special use the requisitions supervises the p r e p a r a t i o n on food available of diets for s e r v e d to patie n t s ; substitute need e d supplies food; of special such diets; diets consults supervises con and prepares with activities doctors and p e r a n d equipment. types of of b a c t e r i o l o g i c a l streptomycin, concentration usual methods; makes and urine in and including virus work, i n bodjr f l u i d s , sputum, feces, standard and analyses tests sulfanilamide, sensitization and bacteriological blood, urine exudates, special biochemical and basal metabolism tests tests. special tests, studies and jnnocula- and quantita of a u t o p s y spinal fluid by on blood and other body May instruct prepares patients as p a t i e n t charts and review work for, and assists laboratory assistants. N U R SE, REGISTERED Does in, and and identifies bacteria gastric diets (CLINICAL) all determination fluids, of diets penicillin, specimens; means diets; special TECHNICIAN t i o n tests, special or F o o d A d m i n i s t r a t o r of w a r d kitchens; LABORATORY tive and plans Chef professional examinations and nursing treatments; in wards maintains a nd clinics; records such and nurses notes; changes dressings and administers medications and treatments prescribed b y physician; s u p e r v ises atte n d a n t s a n d student nur s e s as necessary. A Registered Nurse certificate issued by the State of California is r e q u i r e d . PHARMACIST Compounds prepared by ceives, keeps and dispenses licensed physician; stores, records Certificate and dispenses of m e d i c a l medicines compounds, hospital and preparations supplies; prescriptions as directed by and packages bulk medicines maintains compounded. i n v e n t o r y of Requires prescriptions and preparations; drugs a California and State re supplies; Pharmacist of R e g i s t r a t i o n . PHYSIOTHERAPIST Administers driatic treatments, and makes physiotherapeutic electric therapy, necessary reports. Technicians or t h e treatments to patients i n a ’h o s p i t a l , a n d K e n n y packs;, m a i n t a i n s R e g i s t r a t i o n w i t h the American Physiotherapy Association clinical American Registry of i n c l u d i n g hy- notes end records Physical Therapy is r e q u i r e d . X-RAY TECHNICIAN Performs- a l l patients for radiographic w o r k of therapy student equipment types radiographic of r a d i o g r a p h i c w o r k at examinations treatments technicians; and Salary makes X-ray as p r e s c r i b e d b y a physician; keeps records and makes used. *Bay Area institutions and health treatments; Survey Committee descriptions. reports develops on films clinics; exposures; films; prepares gives minor supervises taken and supplies the and 53. Index Page Number Description Earnings or rate A. B. maintenance man (ocean transport) ........................ Assembler (machinery) ............. ............................. Bench and machine helper (oakeries) .................. .......... Bench hand (bakeries) ................................... . Benchman (bakeries) ......... ................................... Biller, machine (billing machine) ............................. Biller, machine (bookkeeping machine) .......................... Bindery woman (printing) ........................................ Boatswain (ocean transport) ..................................... Boatswain's mate (ocean transport) .............................. Body repairman, metal (auto repair shops) ....................... Bookkeeper, h a n d ................... ....................... Bookkeeping-machine op e r a t o r............. ...................... Bookkeeping-machine operator (banks) ............................ Bottler (malt liquors) .......................................... Bottler (nonalcoholic beverages) .............. ................. Bread packer (bakeries) ............................. ........... Brewer (malt liquors) ........................................... Bricklayer (building construction) .............................. Building laborer (building construction) .................. Bus boy (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ................ Bus girl (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ........ ...... Butcher, general, cattle killing (meat products) ..... •«.••••••• Butcher (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ........ . Cake dumper (bakeries) ................................... . Cake -wrapping machine operator (bakeries) ................... Calculating-machine operator (Comptometer type) ................ Calculating-machine operator (Comptometer type) (railroads) ..... Calculating-machine operator (other than Conqjtometer type) ..... Can forksr (canning) ...................................... . Can run attendant (canning) ................................ . Carpenter, maintenance .................. ....................... Carpenter (building construction) ................... .......... Carpenter (ocean transport) ......................... .......... Carpenter's mate (ocean transport) .................... ........ Cashier (hotels) ....... ........................................ Cashier (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ............ Cashier-wrapper (department and clothing stores) ..... ......... Checker (malt liquors) ........... ............................. Checker (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ............. . Chef (ocean transport) .................. ................... Chef (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) .................. Chemical operator (industrial chemicals) ........................ Chipper and grinder (ferrous foundries) ............ ........... Cleaner ......... .............................................. Cleaner (office buildings) ..................... ................ Cleaner (railroads) .......................... .................. Clerk, accounting............................. ................. Clerk, accounting (railroads) ................................... Clerk, desk (hotels) .......................................... . Clerk, file ................................................... Clerk, general, intermediate ............ ..................... . Clerk, general, Junior ........... ........................... . Clerk, general, Junior (railroads) .................. ........... Clerk, general, senior ......................................... Clerk, order ........ ............................... ........... Clerk, pay roll ........... .................................... Clerk, retail, receiving (laundries) ...... .................... Clerk, room (hotels) .... ...................................... Clerk, shipping and receiving (malt liquors) .................. Coil cleaner (canning) ...... .................................. Compositor, hand (printing) .................................... Conductor (local transit) ........... .......................... Cook, assistant (ocean transport) ........... .................. Cook, chief (ocean transport) ........ ••••••••....... Cook (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) .................. Cook, tomato (canning) ......................... ........ ...... Coremaker, hand (ferrous foundries) .............. . Crane operator, electric bridge ..... .......................... Crane operator, electric bridge (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) ....................................... _ 28 k6 - 37 37 23 27 27 27 6, 8 8 - 29 _ 28 28 - 51 37 37 1^9 - k3 25 6 , 8, 11* 6 , 8, 11* 23 27 28 27 27 27 27 30 30 21 30 - 27 - 27 - 37 37 37 _ 39 9, Ik 26 9, 11* 27 27 16 - 27 _ 28 28 26 _ 50 30 b9 - ^3 kk 1*2 - 1*2 37 37 50 37 38 38 38 38 38 38 50 50 - 21* 2? 30 29 30 21 21 18, 19 29 26 6 , 9, Ik 26 26 6 , 9, Ik 6 , 10, ik 7 , 10, li* 26 6 , 10, ik 7 , 10, Ik 7 , 10, lk 21* 26 27 27 29, 30 27 29 - 29 - 30 27 1*1* 1*1 21 18 ^5 22 Description Earnings or rate Cutter, general, beef cutting (meat products) ..... ........... Dietitian (hospitals) ............... ......................... Dividerman (bakeries) .................................... . Dough mixer (bakeries) .......... ............................ . Draftsman..... .............................................. . Draftsman, Junior .............. ............................. Drill-press operator, single- and multiplesp indie (machinery) ............. .......................... . Driver (malt liquors) ............. ............... .......... . Driver-salesman (nonalcoholic beverages) ........... . Duplicating-machine operator .................. .............. . Electrician (building construction) ................. . Electrician, automotive (auto repair shops) ....... .......... . Electrician, chief (ocean transport) ........ ......... ...... . Electrician, maintenance ...................... ......... . Electrician, maintenance (machinery) ......... .......... . Electrician, maintenance (railroads) ............... . Electrician, second (ocean transport) .................. . Electrotyper (printing) ............................. ........ Elevator operator, passenger ........... ..................... . Elevator operator, passenger (department and clothing stores) Elevator operator, passenger (hotels) ...................... . Elevator operator (office buildings) ....................... . Engineer, chief reefer (ocean transport) ......... ......... . Engineer, deck (ocean transport) .... ..................... . Engineer, stationary ......................................... . Engine -lathe operator (machinery) .................. ......... . Extractor operator (laundries) ..................... ......... Feeder, labeling-machine (canning) ........................ . Finisher, flatwork, machine (laundries) ...................... Fireman (ocean transport) .................................... Fireman, stationary boiler ................................ Fireman, stationary boiler (railroads) ......... ............. Fitter, structural (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) ..................................... Flame-cutting-machine operator (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) ..................... ..... ......... . Floor lady (canning) .................... ................... . Floorlady (bakeries) ............. ................... ....... Flour dumper (bakeries) ........... .......................... . Foreman (bakeries) ....... ................................... Gang boss (stevedoring) .................. ................... Garage attendant.............. ......................... . Gardener ..... ............................................ Grease-machine operator (bakeries) ........................... Greaser (auto repair shops) .................................. Grinding-machine operator (machinery) .......... ........... . Groundsman .............................................. . Guard .......... ............................................. . Hand caser (canning) ........................ ................ Handyman (office buildings) .................................. Hatch tender (stevedoring) .................... ...... ........ . Helper (bakeries) ................ .................. ...... .. Helper (malt liquors) ........................................ Helper, chemical operator (industrial chemicals) ............. Helper, motor truck driver ................................... Helper, trades, maintenance ................. ................ . Helper, trades, maintenance (railroads) ...................... . Houseman (hotels) .............................................. Icing mixers (bakeries) ...................................... . Identifier (laundries) ......................................... Ingredient man (bakeries) ........................... Ingredient scaler (bakeries) .............................. Inspector (machinery) ....................... ..... ........... . Inspector, labeling (canning) .... ..... ........... . Janitor ........................................ Janitor (machinery) ........................... . Janitor (office buildings) ......................... . Janitor (railroads) ............... ................ . Key-punch operator ....... ...................... . Key-punch operator (railroads) ........................ ........ ^3 52 - 39 39 1*6 - 38 - 51 21 25 27 27 15 15 23 27 28 7, 11, 1^ 27 25 1*0 28 16 ^7 23 1*0 26 _ - 1*1 1*9 50 _ _ 29 29 18 21* 26 29 28 28 1*0 16 1*7 50 23 21* 27 21* - 50 1*0 1*0 28 16 26 ^5 22 _ ^5 22 - 27 27 27 27 30 - 1*1 i*l - 51 kl 1*1 1*1 - **■3 - 1*0 1*0 50 - 51 - 1*8 - 1*2 1*8 - 1*2 38 38 18 18 27 25 23 18 18 27 29 30 27 27 21 28 16 26 26 27 2k 27 27 23 27 18, 19 23 29 26 1 1 , 11* 26 54. Labeler and packer (paints and varnishes) ....................................................... Labeling operator, head (canning) ................................................................................. Label-machine operator (canning) ................................................................................... Laboratory technician (clinical) (hospitals) .......................................................... Laundryman, assistant (ocean transport) .................................................................... Lay-out man (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) .................... L ift-truck-jitney driver (stevedoring) ...................................................................... Linenman (ocean transport) ............................................................................................... Liner operator (canning) ................................................................................................... Loader, car and truck (canning) ..................................................................................... Longshoreman (stevedoring) ............................................................................................... Machinist, maintenance ....................................................................................................... Machinist, maintenance (railroads) .......................................... Machinist, production (machinery) ................................................................................. Maid, chamber (hotels) ....................................................................................................... Mailer (printing) ................................................................................................................. Maintenance man, general u t i l i t y ................................................................................... Maintenance man, general u tility (railroads) .......................................................... Marker (laundries) ............................................................................................................... Mechanic, automotive (auto repair shops) ................................................................... Mechanic, automotive (maintenance) ............................................................................... Mechanic, automotive (maintenance) (railroads) ................................................... Mechanic, maintenance ......................................................................................................... Mechanic, cannery (canning) ............................................................................................. Mechanic, seamer (canning) ............................................................................................... Messman (ocean transport; ................................................................................................. Milling-machine operator (machinery) ........................................................................... Mixer (bakeries) ................................................................................................................... Mixer (paints and varnishes) ........................................................... Molder (bakeries) ................................................................................................................. Molder, floor (ferrous foundries) ................................................................................. Molder, hand, bench (ferrous foundries) .................................................................... Molder, machine (ferrous foundries) ............................................................................. Motor truck driver ............................................................................................................... Night loader (malt liquors) ............................................................................................. Nurse, industrial (registered) ....................................................................................... Nurse, registered (hospitals) ......................................................................................... Office b o y ................................................................................................................................ Office boy (railroads) ....................................................................................................... Office g irl ............................................................................................................................ Oiler .......................................................................................................................................... Oiler (ocean transport) .............................................. Operator (local transit) ................................................................................................... Order f ille r ........................................................................................................................... Ovenman (bakeries) ................................................ Oysterman (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) .............................................. Packer ........................................................................... Packer, sausage department (meat products) .............................................................. Painter, maintenance .......................................... Painter (building construction) ............................ Pan cleaner (bakeries) ............................................................................................ Pan greaser (bakeries) ....................................................... Pan-greasing machine operator (bakeries) .................................................................. Pantryman (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) .............................................. Patternmaker, wood (ferrous foundries) .......................... Pharmacist (hospitals) ....................................................................................................... Photoengraver (printing) .............................. Physiotherapist (hospitals) ................................ Piano mover (motor truck drivers and helpers) ........................................................ Pipe fitte r , maintenance .......................................................................... Plasterer (building construction) .................. Plumber (building construction) ..................................................................................... Porter ............................................................................................... . ..................................... Power-shear operator (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) ...................................................................................................................................... Press assistant (printing) ............................................................................................... Press feeder (printing) ..................................................................................................... Presser, machine, shirts (laundries) .......................... Pressman, cylinder (printing) ......................................................................................... Pressman, web presses (printing) ................................................................................... Page Number Description Earnings or rate Page Number Description Earnings or rate 43 52 45 40 40 48 50 40 40 51 51 40 40 40 IS 43 44 44 44 39 52 38 38 38 40 42 42 43 41 45 52 52 41 42 45 ~ 51 - 22 27 27 25 29 22 30 29 27 27 30 16 26 23 26 30 16 26 24 25 17 26 17 27 27 29 23 27 22 27 21 21 21 28 27 15 25 7, 14 26 11, 14 17 29 27 19 27 30 19 21 17 27 27 27 27 30 21 25 29 25 28 17 27 27 18, 19 22 29 29 24 29 30 Printer, label and form (canning) .................................. Quartermaster (ocean transport) ................................... Radio technician................................................. Retort operator (canning) ......................................... Roll-machine operator (bakeries) ................................... Sales clerk (department and clothing stores) ........................ Sausage maker (meat products) ..................................... Scaling-machine operator (bakeries) ................................ Seaman, able bodied (ocean transport) .... Seaman, ordinary (ocean transport) ................................. Secretary....................................................... Sewer, alteration (women's garments) (department stores) ............... Shackler, cattle killing (meat products) ............................ Shake-out man (ferrous foundries) .................................. Sheet-metalworker, maintenance ...................... Sheet-metal worker, maintenance (railroads) ......................... Shipping and receiving clerk ...................................... Shipping leaderman (canning) .................................... Silverman (ocean transport) ....................................... Stenographer, general ............................................ Stenographer, general (railroads) ....... Stenographer, technical.............. Stereotyper (printing) ............................................ Steward, chief (ocean transport) ................................... Steward, room (ocean transport) .................................... Steward, second (ocean transport) .................................. Steward, third (ocean transport) .................................. Stock handler ................................................... Stock handler (railroads) ......................................... Storekeeper (ocean transport) ...................................... Storekeeper, deck (ocean transport) ................................ Switchboard operator ............................................. Switchboard operator-receptionist .................................. Syrup maker (canning) ............................................ Tabulating-machine operator ....................................... Tailor, alteration (men's garments) (department and clothing stores) ....................................................... Technician (paints and varnishes) .................................. Teller, paying, or paying and receiving, commercial (banks) ............ Tinter (paints and varnishes) ..................................... Tool and die maker (other than jobbing shops) (machinery) ............. Transcribing-machine operator,general ................. Truck driver .................................................... Truck driver (railroads) .......................................... Trucker, hand................................. Trucker, hand (ferrous foundries) .................................. Trucker, hand (paints and varnishes) ............................... Trucker, hand (railroads) ......................................... Trucker, power .................................................. Typist.......................................................... Typist (railroads) ............................... Utilityman (ocean transport) ...................................... Varnish maker (paints and varnishes) ............................... Waiter (ocean transport) .......................................... Waiter (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ...................... Waiter, head (ocean transport) ..................................... Waitress (restaurants, cafeterias and lunchrooms) ........... Washer, automobile (auto repair shops) .............................. Washer, machine (laundries) ....................................... Washer, truck (malt liquors) ...................................... Watchman.......................... Watchman (ocean transport) ........................................ Watchman (office buildings) ...................... Watertender (ocean transport) ..................................... Welder, hand (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) ...... Welder, hand (machinery) .......................................... Welder, machine (fabricated structural steel and ornamental metal work) ......................................................... Wiper (ocean transport) ........................................... Wrapper, bundle (laundries) ....................................... 41 49 43 38 49 43 45 41 41 42 38 38 38 42 42 38 39 39 27 28 17 27 27 24 21 27 28 28 7, 11, 15 24 21 21 17 26 19 27 29 12, 15 26 12, 15 30 29 29 29 29 19 26 29 28 12, 15 12, 15 27 7, 13 49 43 50 44 49 39 42 42 42 45 44 42 42 39 39 44 51 51 42 - 24 22 23 22 23 13, 15 19, 20 26 19 21 22 26 20 13, 15 26 29 22 29 30 29 30 25 24 27 20 28 29 29 46 22 49 23 46 22 51 28 24 U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : O — 1951
@FedFRASER