Prison Labor in the United States, 1940 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 698

Name: Prison Labor in the United States, 1940 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 698
Creator: FRASER
Keywords: Convict labor, United States

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U N IT E D S T A T E S D E P A R T M E N T O F L A B O R Frances Perkins Secretary B U R E A U OF L A B O R ST A T IS T IC S Isador Lubin Commissioner on leave A F Hinrichs A cting Commissioner Prison Labor in the U nited States 1940 By R IC H A R D F JONES Jr o f the D iv is io n o f C o n s t r u c t io n a n d P u b lic E m p lo y m e n t H E R M A N B B Y E R Chief B ulletin s o 698 U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G OFFICE W A S H IN G T O N 1941 For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents Washington D C Price 30 cents UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR F ran c es P e r k in s Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S I s ta A F H i L Commissioner j d b ns D o n a ld H D a v e n p o rt C h ie f E m p lo y m e n t and Occupational O u tlo o k Branch H e n r y J F itzg e ra ld C h ie f Business M anagem ent Branch H u g h S H a n n a C h ie f E d ito ria l and Research o io Acting Commissioner r i n n r c l h Aryness J o y C h ie f Prices and C ost of L iv in g B ranch N A rn o ld Tolies C h ie f W o rk in g C o n ditions and In d u s tria l Relations Branch Sidney W W ilco x C h ie f Statistician C H IE F S O F D IV IS IO N S H e rm a n B B y e r C o n stru ctio n and Public E m p lo y m e n t J M C u tts Wholesale Prices W D u a n e E v a n s P ro d u c tiv ity and Technological Developm ents Swen K ja e r In dustrial Accidents Jo h n J M a h a n e y M achine T a b u la tion R o b e rt J M y e rs W age and H o u r Statistics Florence Peterson In d u strial R e la tions ii Charles F S h a rk e y L a b o r L a w In form ation Boris S te rn L a b o r In fo rm a tio n Serv ice Stella S te w a rt R e ta il Prices Le w is E T a lb e rt E m p lo y m e n t S ta tistics E m m e tt H W elch Occupational O u t look F a ith M W illiam s C ost of L iv in g e CONTENTS Page Preface Summary Scope and method of study Systems of work Trends in prison population employment and production Employment status of prisoners Productive employment in relation to sex of prisoners Scheduled weekly working hours Type of industry Type of production Comparison of production in prisons and private industry Sale of prison made goods Production under public works and ways system Compensation to productively employed prisoners Kind quantity and value of production Appendix A General tables Appendix B Index of items produced in State and Federal prisons vn L ist o f T a b le s T able T able T able T able T able T able T able T able T able T able 1 Percent of prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons classified by systems of work 2 Value of production in State and Federal prisons by systems of work Prisoners under sentence and productively employed and value of production in State and Federal prisons by State and Indexes of prisoners under sentence prisoners productively employed and value of production in State and Federal prisons by State 1932 and Employment status of prisoners in State and Federal prisons by State Prisoners productively employed in individual State and Federal prisons by sex Scheduled weekly working hours of prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons 1932 and Percentage distribution of prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons by State and scheduled hours per week Prisoners productively employed in State and Federal prisons in each State classified by type of work Prisoners productively employed and value of production in State and Federal prisons by type of production 1932 and hi IV CONTENTS Page T able T able T able T able T able T able Value of production in State and Federal prisons in 1940 and in p rivate industry in Value o f goods produced under State account and piece price systems in individual State prisons sold inside a nd outside o f S tate Prisoners productively employed and value o f production under the public works and w ays system in State and Federal prisons in each S tate K in d q u a n tity and value of production in State and Federal prisons b y system o f w o rk A K in d q u a n tity a nd value o f production in in d ivid u a l State prisons b y system o f w o rk B K in d q u a n tity and value o f production in in dividu a l Federal prisons b y system of w o rk LE TTE R OF T R A N S M IT T A L U n it ed S tates D epar tm en t of L a b o r B u r e a u of L abor S ta tistic s Washington D C June The S e c retary of L a b o r I have the honor to transmit herewith a report on prison labor in the United States in 1940 which was made as the result of a joint resolution by the Congress authorizing the Bureau to collect informa tion on the quantity kind value and disposition of all goods produced in Federal and State prisons It is a continuation of similar studies of prison labor made by the Bureau periodically since 1885 the last previous study having been made in 1932 A F H in r ic h s Acting Commissioner Hon F ran ces P e r k in s Secretary of Labor PR E F A C E Pursuant to a request of the Congress the Bureau of Labor Statis tics has recently completed a survey of prison labor in State and Federal prisons of the United States Similar surveys have been made at intervals of 8 or 10 years since 1885 The primary purpose of this study was to determine the quantity and value of the several kinds o f articles produced or work done b y prisoners during the 1940 fiscal year together with the system under which the goods were pro duced or disposed of and the number o f prisoners so employed The survey was directed and the report prepared by Richard F Jones Jr under the general supervision of Herman B Byer chief of the Bureau s Division of Construction and Public Employment The Bureau wishes to express its appreciation to the various State and Federal officials as well as their office personnel for their whole hearted assistance and courteous reception of the Bureau s agents Acknowledgment for valuable suggestions is also extended to the Federal Bureau of Prisons the Bureau of the Census and the Division of Statistical Standards V II B u lletin J o 698 o f the U n ite d States B u rea u o f Labor Statistics Prison Labor in the U nited States 1940 Sum m ary The various systems under which State and Federal prisoners have been employed and the disposal of the goods produced in prisons have for many years received the active attention o f organized labor prison authorities manufacturers legislators and others familiar with prison problems There has been strong opposition to the sale of prison made goods on the open market in direct competition with the products of free labor Those States which wished to restrict the inflow of prisonmade products were hampered in their efforts by the fact that under the Constitution control of the interstate transportation of goods rests in the hands of the Federal Government In i929 however Congress passed the Hawes Cooper Act which divested prison made goods of their interstate character and thus enabled any State to prohibit within its borders the sale of goods made in the prisons of other States This act became effective in 1934 In the years immediately following the enactment of the Hawes Cooper Act a large majority of the States restricted by law the sale and movement of prison products The Ashurst Sumners Act which became effective in 1935 ma terially strengthened the Hawes Cooper A ct and also supplemented State prison labor legislation It prohibited the transportation of prison products into any State in violation of the laws of that State In 1940 the Congress went one step farther and enacted legislation to be effective in October 1941 which with certain exceptions prohibits the transportation into any State of prison goods made in another The Bureau of Labor Statistics has made surveys o f prison labor at 8 or 10 year intervals since 1885 A comparison of the 1940 survey with that for 1932 shows the changes which have occurred in the amount o f prison labor and the volume and character of production since the Hawes Cooper and Ashurst Sumners Acts became effective The average number o f prisoners under sentence in State and Federal prisons increased from 158 947 in 1932 to 191 776 in 1940 During the same period the average number of prisoners productively employed changed but slightly from 82 276 to 83 515 Thus the proportion of all prisoners productively employed decreased from 52 1 2 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 percent in 1932 to 44 percent in 1940 Contractors employed less than 1 percent of those productively employed in 1940 as compared with 16 percent in 1932 Furthermore in 1940 only 12 percent of the employed prisoners produced goods which were sold for State account on the open market in contrast to 19 percent in 1932 Approximately 88 percent of the productively employed prisoners in 1940 as against 65 percent in 1932 were engaged in constructing or improving public property and in producing goods for use within the same institution or for sale to other State or Federal institutions or departments The decrease in the proportion of productively employed prisoners was accompanied by a 25 percent drop in the value of prison produc tion from approximately in 1932 to in 1940 The average annual value of product per employed prisoner declined from 916 in 1932 to 679 in 1940 or 26 percent A m ajority of the prisoners without productive employment in 1940 constituting 36 percent of all prisoners were assigned to maintenance duties Six percent of the total prison population attended school as a m ajor daily assignment 8 percent were sick or otherwise unavailable for work and 6 percent were available for work but had no duties provided T o offset losses in revenues and to alleviate the grave problem of idleness among prisoners various solutions have been tried Among the m ost effective have been surveys of State use markets the creation of prison industry boards commissions or corporations and State legislation tending toward compulsory purchase of prison goods by State agencies Federal institutions and State institutions of 27 States 12 of which employed salesmen reported that in 1940 they made some attempt to promote the sale of prison made goods Typical of the methods reported are the circulation of catalogs and the coor dination of prison production with the needs of State purchasing officers Scope and M ethod o f Study The 1940 survey included 125 State and 25 Federal prisons in addition 3 county prisons and 1 city prison which by arrangement with their respective States house State prisoners were included with the State prisons These totals included 2 State prisons the reformatories for women in Arkansas and Rhode Island and 1 Fed eral prison the prison camp in the State of Washington which had no productive activity in 1940 but excluded 6 Federal prisons which were not in operation during a m ajor portion of the fiscal year The coverage was complete therefore for all Federal and State prisons for adults which were in operation during the major part of the fiscal year 1 Although all figures in the survey covered a 12 month period end1 For a complete list of the prisons surveyed see table 6 To simplify tabulation and analysis the penal institutions of the District of Columbia have been considered as State institutions SYSTEMS OF WORK 3 ing in 1940 the end o f the fiscal year occurred in different months in the various prisons The 129 institutions housing State prisoners terminated the fiscal year on the following dates 6 prisons M ay 31 87 prisons June 30 7 prisons September 30 10 prisons Novem ber 30 and 19 prisons December 31 All data for Federal prisons covered the fiscal year ending June except those for farm products which were reported for the year ending Novem ber Agents o f the Bureau visited each of the 154 institutions covered and personally examined the records and interviewed the prison authorities The figures on production were in most cases obtained from the books invoices or other records of the institutions and referred to the quantities produced during the year covered Allowance was made for sales in excess of production and inventory increases were estimated on the basis of average selling prices during the fiscal year In some cases where goods were transferred from the shops to the steward s department within the same institution at net cost of materials the Bureau s agents in conference with prison officials substituted a market value based upon such factors as a the prison s sale price for identical or similar articles b the current wholesale price of the commodity on the local market and c the current whole sale price in the nearest city for which data were available The value of construction projects covered only that portion con structed dining the fiscal year Valuations were usually based upon appraisals by highway commissions engineers State appraisers or private appraisers employed by the State The production data include some unavoidable duplications For instance wheat which is reported under farm production may be processed into cereal and bran and reported under grist mill produc tion Part of this latter product may be fed to livestock which in turn shows an inventory increase on the prison records Sugarcane may be included under farm production and again after being proc essed as sirup and raw sugar System s o f W ork Over the period since 1885 when the Bureau conducted its first sur vey of prison labor prison made goods have been produced under six systems of work A description of the various systems follows State use system Under this system an institution conducts a business of manufacture or other production but the use or sale of the product is limited to the same institution or to some other State or Federal institution or department Such other State institution or department may be under the control of the State proper or any of its minor subdivisions This system also covers the sale of goods to an institution of another State The principle of the State use system is to 4 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 make the prison product available to public institutions but to avoid direct competition with free labor products P ublic works and w a ys system This system is in effect the same as the State use system the only difference being in the character of the work performed The public works and ways system applies not to consumption goods but to the construction and repair of prison and other public buildings roads parks bridges and to such kindred work as flood control reforestation and land clearance This work is all of a more or less permanent character as distinguished from purely maintenance and repair work State account system Under this system the prison operates a man ufacturing business or other productive enterprise and disposes of the product on the general market in competition with goods produced by free labor If the business is one of manufacturing the institution buys the raw material sells the finished product and assumes the business risks in the same way as a private manufacturer However the product may be disposed of in part under the State use system and in part under the State account system T o illustrate part o f the flour and bran milled in a prison from wheat it has raised m ay be consumed within the institution and the rest sold on the open market Contract system Under this system an outside contractor contracts with the institution for the labor of prisoners at a stipulated amount per capita per day The institution houses feeds and guards the prisoners and the contractor furnishes the raw materials and generally his own foremen machinery and tools Piece jprice system This system differs from the contract system in only one respect The contractor pays the institution on the basis of an agreed price per unit of product rather than per unit of labor Lease system Under this system which is no longer operative in State and Federal prisons the prison enters into a contract with a lessee who agrees to receive feed clothe house and guard the prison ers and to pay the State a stipulated amount per day per man T w o distinct trends in prison labor are apparent from the Bureau s surveys First the systems o f work which permitted the exploitation of the prison population for private gain have practically disappeared Second the proportion of prisoners productively employed has decreased consistently In percent of the prisoners productively employed were working primarily for the benefit of private contractors Table 1 indicates the steady decrease in this percentage through the years The lease system the most condemned of all had disappeared b y 1923 In 1940 no prisoners were foimd working under the contract system and iess than 1 percent were employed under the piece price system Inversely the percentage of productively employed prisoners work ing under those systems wherein the State exerts all control and 5 SYSTEMS OF WORK receives all benefits has risen from 26 percent in 1885 to slightly less than 100 percent in 1940 M oreover efforts to restrict open market sales and direct competition with free labor have been reflected in a sharp decrease in the percentage of inmates working under the Stateaccount system True there was an upswing between 1905 and 1914 caused by the understandable and oftentimes necessary efforts of authorities to offset the losses in revenue resulting from the large decrease in the number o f prisoners employed under the three con tract systems But as restrictive State statutes began to appear in increasing numbers it was generally recognized that the complete adoption o f the two types o f State use systems should be the ultimate goal As a result in 1940 only 12 percent o f the productively employed prisoners were engaged in producing goods for sale to other than public institutions and agencies The percentage o f the employed prisoners producing exclusively for public use rose from 26 percent in 1905 to 88 percent in 1940 having jumped 23 percent since 1932 Unfortunately this commendable effort to supplant all other systems b y the State use aud public works and ways systems has resulted in a very marked decrease in the number o f employed prisoners Whereas in percent of all prisoners incarcerated in State and Federal prisons were productively employed in 1940 only 44 percent were so engaged T a b l e 1 P ercen t o f P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in State and F ederal P riso n s C lassified b y S ystem s o f W ork Percent of prisoners productively employed systems oi worK 1885 All systems State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Lease Percent of all prisoners under sentence engaged in productive labor i 33 1 l a No separation made of State account State use and public works and ways system in this year Less than 1 percent Not reported The ascendancy of the two types of State use systems at the expense o f those under which goods flow to the open market is strikingly shown in table 2 also The value of production under the former systems rose from approximately 38 percent to 84 percent of the total between 1923 and 1940 while the value of goods produced under the latter systems declined from a high of 62 percent to a low of 16 percent Especially significant is the curtailment in the production volume in the two types o f contract shops to only half of 1 percent of the total value in 1940 6 P R IS O N LABOR IN T H E U N IT E STATES 1940 The value of State use products was 61 percent higher in 1940 than in 1932 The rate o f increase was faster during this period than between 1923 and 1932 A drop of almost in the value of road construction in 4 Southern States Alabama Florida Georgia and Virginia was primarily responsible for the noticeably large de crease in the value o f public works and ways construction between 1932 and 1940 T a b l e 2 V alu e o f P rodu ction in State and F ederal P riso n s and b y S ystem s o f W ork Value of commodities produced Percent of total value All systems State use Public works and ways State account Piece price Contract Systems of work 1940 Trends in P rison Population E m ploym ent and Production The prison population o f the State and Federal institutions surveyed increased 88 percent between 1923 and 1932 and 126 percent between 1923 and 1940 according to figures in tables 3 and 4 The correspond ing increases since 1923 in the estimated total population o f the United States were 12 percent by 1932 and 18 percent by 1940 The number of persons under sentence in these prisons had in 1940 reached a point where it approximated 1 in every 500 of the total population 16 years of age and over Despite efforts to spread the work and to establish new outlets for prison products the indexes o f prisoners productively employed and of value o f production do not reflect the increases in the number under sentence In fact although there was little change in the value of production between 1923 and 1932 the value of 1940 production was only 75 percent of that in 1923 A greater increase in the number of prisoners productively employed than in the total prison population indicates a more extensive use of available prisoners but a greater increase in value o f output than in number employed denotes a more intensive use o f those employed In State prisons o f only two States New Jersey and Oregon were there increases between 1932 and 1940 in both the percentage employed and the value o f product per employed prisoner In all other States either employment failed to keep pace with population or production failed to keep pace with employment In every State there were increases in State prison populations between 1923 and 1932 which ranged from 5 percent in W yom ing to P O P U L A T IO N E M P L O Y M E N T A N D P R O D U C T IO N 7 193 percent in the District o f Columbia In 1940 only 2 States Rhode Island and W yom ing had fewer State prisoners than in 1923 but 15 States had a smaller penal population than in 1932 State institutions in 6 States in 1932 and in 15 States in 1940 employed a smaller number o f prisoners than they did in 1923 There were 28 States which furnished productive work to fewer inmates in 1940 than in 1932 Between 1923 and States led by Idaho showed a greater percentage increase in prisoners productively employed than in the total under sentence while between 1923 and 1940 the indexes indicate that only 9 States accomplished this same result Losses in the value of products suffered by State prisons in 22 States from 1923 to 1932 were largely offset by the gains made by those in the other States resulting in a net loss for all State prisons of only 3 percent The real depression in State prison production is vividly brought to light in the data for 1940 between 1923 and 1940 a loss in total com m odity values of over 33 percent was sustained Production in 1940 was below the 1923 level in 28 States and failed to reach the 1932 volume in 35 States However 12 States produced at least 50 percent more in 1940 than in 1923 and for 7 of these the District of Columbia Idaho Louisiana New Jersey New Mexico Oregon and Texas the gain was more than 100 percent Reference to table 3 reveals that in the period the State prisons in 13 States suffered production losses of over each which aggregated more than Gains of over each occurred in North Carolina Louisiana and Texas The total inmate population of the Federal prisons covered in the 1940 survey was almost 3K times that of the Federal prisons covered in 1923 but the number of prisoners productively employed rose only 95 percent in the same period However the value of product per employed prisoner increased to such an extent that there was a gain in total value o f 219 percent between 1923 and 1940 The value of product per employed prisoner in 1940 was almost 80 percent higher in Federal than in State institutions Data in table 3 show the great expansion in the number and locations o f Federal institutions since 1923 In that year there were included in the survey 3 prisons in 3 States in 1932 there were 12 prisons located in 9 States and in 1940 there were 25 prisons distributed among 20 States In consequence o f this extensive building program there have been numerous transfers o f prisoners and changes in pro duction facilities Indexes b y States under these circumstances lack significance and have accordingly been excluded from table 4 8 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITER STATES 1940 T a b l e 3 P rison ers U nder Sentence and P rod u ctively E m p lo yed and V a lu e o f P rod u c tion in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State and State Average number of prisoners under sentence 1923 Total State and Federal prisons Average number of prisoners productively employed Value of commodities produced State prisons All States Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia 1 426 Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New Y o r k North Carolina l 220 North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming All States J Federal prisons Alabama Arizona California Florida Georgia Idaho Kansas See footnotes at end of table POPULATION EMPLOYMENT AND PRODUCTION 9 T a b l e 3 P rison ers U nder Sentence and P rod u ctively E m p lo yed and V alu e o f P rod u c tion in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State and C o n tin u ed State Average number of prisoners under sentence Average number of prisoners productively employed Value of commodities produced Federal prisons Continued Louisiana Michigan Minnesota Missouri New Hampshire New York Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania South Carolina 3 Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia i Road camps not included in 1923 and 1932 5Includes 3 prisons in 3 States in prisons in 9 States in 1932 and 25 prisons in 20 States in 1940 sParris Island discontinued as naval prison in 1933 T a b l e 4 In d exes o f P rison ers U nder Sentence P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p loyed and V alu e o f P rod u ction in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State and State Average num Average num ber of prisoners ber of prisoners productively under sentence employed Total State and Federal prisons State prisons Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico See footnotes a t end of table 1932 Value of pro duction PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S 1940 T a b l e 4 In d exes o f P rison ers U nder Sentence P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p loyed and V alu e o f P roduction in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State and Con State Average num ber of prisoners under sentence Average num ber of prisoners productively employed Value of pro duction State prisons Continued N ew Y ork North Carolina North D akota O h io Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South D akota Tennessee Texas U tah Verm ont Virginia Washington West Virginia W isconsin W yom ing Federal prisons Computed from figures in table 3 2 Road camps not included in 1923 and 1932 E m ploym ent Status o f Prisoners O f 173 284 State prisoners under sentence in or 44 percent were productively employed This ratio ranged from 7 per cent in Nevada to 81 percent in North Carolina In only 15 o f the States shown in table 5 were more than 50 percent o f the prisoners employed in this manner O f these employed prisoners 10 056 or 13 percent were engaged in producing goods to be sold for State account this percentage being exceeded in only 20 o f the individual States The piece price system utilized the services o f but 308 prisoners in 2 States Florida and South Carolina In Federal prisons 36 percent o f the 18 492 inmates were assigned to productive work all o f which was carried on under the State use and public works and ways systems Prison duties or maintenance work were assigned to 35 percent of all State prisoners in 1940 as compared with 47 percent o f those in Federal prisons Various authorities estimate that in the average penal institution not more than 25 percent of the inmates are actually needed for this type o f work Some form o f supervised schooling was reported in the State prisons of 37 States and in the Federal institutions o f 8 States in 1940 Although 7 percent o f all State prisoners attended school only about 1 percent o f the Federal prisoners did These data include only those convicts to whom school was a major daily assignment In addition many prisoners in both State and Federal prisons subscribe to corre 11 EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF PRISONERS spondence school courses which may also be used by other inmates 2 The proportion of idle prisoners was twice as high in State as in Federal institutions in 1940 the percentages being 6 and 3 respec tively 3 On the other hand 13 percent o f all Federal prisoners were sick or otherwise unavailable for work as contrasted with 8 percent of all State prisoners T a b l e 5 E m p loym en t Status o f P rison ers in State and F ederal P riso n s b y S tate Average number of prisoners under sentence Productively employed under indi cated systems of work State Total Sick E n or A t gaged tend other in wise ing Public Total State Piece prison school un em State works duties avail ac and ployed use count price able ways Total State and Federal prisons Idle State prisons All States Indiana I o w a Kansas Kentucky Louisiana M aine M aryland M assachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri M ontana Nebraska N ev a d a 260 N e w H am pshire N ew Jersey N ew M exico N ew York North Carolina N orth D a k ota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado C onnecticu t Delaware District of C o lu m b ia Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois According to information supplied b y the Federal Bureau of Prisons during the fiscal year ending June there was in educational activities in Federal penal and correctional institutions an average regis tration of 6 700 prisoners and 7 937 enrollments The enrollments were divided as follows A cadem ic classes 2 268 vocational classes 883 special unit courses 1 487 correspondence courses 3 299 As shown on table 3 the average daily population of these institutions for the year 1940 was 18 492 Therefore approximately 36 percent of Federal prisoners were registered in educational activities during the fiscal year ending June Due to the practice of assigning more than 1 person to a job in both Federal and State prisons the amount of idleness in prisons in the United States in 1940 was undoubtedly far greater than the 6 percent for State prisons and the 3 percent for Federal prisons found in the assignment sheets would indicate See also discussion on p 12 12 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 T a b l e 5 E m p loym en t Status o f P rison ers in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State Continued Average number of prisoners under sentence Productively employed under indi cated systems of work Total Sick En or At gaged tend other in wise prison ing Total State Public Stateun works school avail em ac Pieceand count price duties ployed use able ways State Idle State prisons Continued Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisennsin W yom ing Federal prisons All States Alabama Arizona California Florida Georgia Idaho Kansas Louisiana Michigan Minnesota Missouri New Hampshire New York Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia i Including an average of 115 men assigned to general maintenance work at Maxwell Field P r o d u c tiv e E m p lo y m e n t in R e la tio n to S e x o f P r is o n e r s Productive employment was less common for female than for male prisoners in State institutions in 1940 As shown by figures in table 6 only 26 percent of the females in State prisons were productively employed whereas 45 percent of the male prisoners were so engaged Of the 54 State institutions housing women 23 provided no produc tive work However in 6 States Alabama Iowa Nebraska Texas Vermont and Wisconsin the percentage of women employed exceeded the average ratio for men of 45 percent The 83 V ir g in ia p e r c e n t le d S ta te P e n ite n tia r y a ll S t a t e and in s titu tio n s in C o n v ic t th e r a tio R oad F o r c e w ith of m en e m p lo y e d I t w a s fo llo w e d c lo s e ly b y 6 o t h e r p r is o n s in e a c h o f w h ic h m o r e th a n th r e e fo u r th s o f th e m a le p r is o n e r s w e re p r o d u c t iv e ly e n g a g e d The in s titu t io n s fo r th e c r im in a lly in s a n e o w in g t o t h e n a t u r a l lim it a t io n s p la c e d u p o n th e m e m p lo y e d th e lo w e s t p e r c e n ta g e s o f in m a t e s EMPLOYMENT IN RELATION TO SEX 13 In Federal prisons the ratio of females productively employed 37 1 percent slightly exceeded that of males 36 4 percent Only 2 Federal institutions reported woman prisoners however Of the individual prisons the Federal Prison Camp at Mill Point W Va furnished employment to the greatest percentage of inmates while the U S Naval Prison at Portsmouth N H employed only 2 men out of a total of 100 T a b l e 6 P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in In divid u al State and F ederal P riso n s b y S ex 194 0 Average number of prisoners under sentence Males State and institution Productively employed Productively employed Total Total State and Federal prisons Females Per Num cent of ber total Total 7 249 Per Num cent of ber total State prisons All State institutions Alabama State Prison System Arizona State Prison Arkansas State Penitentiary Reformatory for W omen California State Prison at Folsom State Prison at San Quentin State Institution for w om en Colorado State Penitentiary State Reformatory Connecticut State Prison and Farm for Woraen State Prison State Reformatory Delaware Sussex County Prison New Castle County Workhouse District of Columbia D C Penal Institutions Florida State Prison Georgia State Prison System Idaho State Penitentiary Illinois State Penitentiary State Penitentiary Menard Branch State Penitentiary Pontiac Branch State Reformatory for Women State Farm Indiana State Reformatory State Prison Women s Prison State Farm Iowa The Men s Reformatory State Penitentiary Women s Reformatory Kansas State Industrial Reformatory State Penitentiary State Industrial Farm for Women Kentucky State Reformatory State Penitentiary State Reformatory Women Louisiana State Penitentiary Maine State Prison State Reformatory for M e n State Reformatory for Women C 7 O is PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES T a b l e 6 P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in In divid u al State and Federal P riso n s b y S ex Continued Average number of prisoners under sentence Males Females Productively employed Stato and institution Total Productively employed Per Total Num Per Num cent of ber ber cent of total total State prisons Continued Maryland House of Correction State Penitentiary State Penal Farm Massachusetts Reformatory for M en State Prison State Farm Michigan State Reformatory State Prison of Southern Michigan State House of Correction and Branch Prison Detroit House of Correction Ionia State Hospital Minnesota State Prison State Reformatory State Reformatory for W om en Mississippi State Penitentiary Missouri State Penitentiary Intermediate Reformatory for Young Men Montana State Prison Nebraska State Penitentiary State Reformatory for M en State Reformatory for W om en Genoa State Farm Nevada State Prison New Hampshire State Prison New Jersey State Prison State Prison Farm Bordentown State Prison Farm Leesburg State Reformatory for Women State Reformatory Rahway State Reformatory Annandale New Mexico Penitentiary of New Mexico New York Albion State Training School Attica Prison Auburn Prison Clinton Prison Dannemora State Hospital Elmira Reformatory Great Meadow Prison Institution for Male Defective Delinquents Matteawan State Hospital Sing Sing Prison Wallkill Prison Westfield State Farm Reformatory for Women Westfield State Farm Prison for Women Woodbourne Institution for Defective Delinquents North Carolina State Prison System North Dakota State Penitentiary Ohio Reformatory for Women State Penitentiary State Reformatory London State Farm Lima State Hospital Oklahoma State Penitentiary State Reformatory Oregon State Penitentiary Pennsylvania Eastern State Penitentiary New Eastern State Penitentiary Industrial Sehool Western State Penitentiary New Western State Penitentiary State Industrial Home for Women Oil EMPLOYMENT IN RELATION TO SE X 15 T a b l e 6 P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in In divid u al State and F ederal P riso n s b y S e x Continued Average number of prisoners under sentence Males State and institution Females Productively employed Total Per Num cent of ber total Productively employed Total Per Num cent of ber total State prisons Continued Rhode Island Reformatory for Women State Prison Reformatory for Men South Carolina State Penitentiary South Dakota State Penitentiary Tennessee State Penitentiary Brushy Mountain Penitentiary Ft Pillow State Farm I Texas State Prison System Utah State Prison J Vermont State Prison and House of Correction for Men Women s Reformatory Virginia State Industrial Farm for Women State Penitentiary and Convict Road Force State Farm Washington State Penitentiary State Reformatory West Virginia State Penitentiary State Medium Security Prison Wisconsin Central State Hospital for the Insane State Prison for Women State Prison State Reformatory Milwaukee County House of Correction Wyoming State Penitentiary Industrial Institute Federal prisons All Federal institutions Alabama Federal Prison Camp Arizona Federal Prison Camp California Federal Correctional Institution U S Naval Prison U S Penitentiary Florida Federal Correctional Institution Georgia U S Penitentiary Idaho Federal Prison Camp Kansas U S Penitentiary U S Penitentiary Annex Louisiana Federal Detention Headquarters Michigan Federal Correctional Institution Minnesota Federal Correctional Institution Missouri Medical Center for Federal Prisoners New Hampshire U S Naval Prison New York Federal Detention Headquarters Ohio Federal Reformatory Oklahoma Federal Reformatory Pennsylvania U S Penitentiary Texas Federal Correctional Institution Virginia Federal Reformatory Washington Federal Prison Camp U S Penitentiary West Virginia Federal Prison Camp Federal Reformatory for Women PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 16 S c h e d u le d T h e term W w o r k in g h o u r s e e k ly W o r k in g H 1940 o u r s a s u s e d in th is s u r v e y m e a n s th e to ta l n u m b e r o f h o u r s p e r w e e k t h a t a p r is o n e r r e m a in s a t h is a s s ig n e d p o s t o f d u ty h ou rs I n m o s t c a s e s h e a c t u a lly w o r k s t o s o m e p u r p o s e a ll o f t h e s e In s o m e in s ta n c e s h o w e v e r th e p r is o n e r m a y b e e n g a g e d a t h is d u tie s o n ly a p a r t o f t h e a s s ig n e d h o u r s d a ir y m e n and p o u ltr y te n d e rs m a y have F o r e x a m p le a lt h o u g h w id e ly se p a ra te d s ta r tin g a n d s t o p p in g t im e s th e r e m a y b e in te r v a ls d u r in g th e d a y w h e n t h e y w ill b e c a u g h t u p w it h th e ir d u t ie s a n d w ill h a v e le is u r e t i m e Som e t im e s in a n e ffo r t to s p r e a d th e w o r k th e n u m b e r o f p r iso n e r s a ssig n e d to a g iv e n s h o p w ill e x c e e d th e a m o u n t o f m a c h in e e q u ip m e n t a v a ila b le fo r th e ir u se In su ch cases th e m en ta k e tu rn s at te n d in g th e m a c h in e r y Hours worked by productively employed prisoners tended to be lower in 1940 than in 1932 In percent of the employed prisoners in State and Federal institutions worked 44 hours or less per week in 1932 this percentage was 55 Table 7 shows that in 1932 the greatest concentration of prisoners 44 percent was in the range of hours from 44 to 48 inclusive but in 1940 almost an equally large proportion worked from 36 to 44 hours inclusive In per cent of the prisoners were assigned to work for 60 hours or more per week in 1940 the proportion with these hours had dwindled to 5 percent S in c e S ta te p riso n s h ou sed e m p lo y e d p riso n e rs in b o t h over 1932 and n in e te n th s 1940 in h o u r s o f w o r k o b s e r v e d a b o v e f o r a ll p r is o n s th e g r e a te s t c o n c e n tr a tio n o f p ris o n e rs in in t h e r a n g e f r o m a b ly la r g e g r o u p to 44 of a ll p r o d u c tiv e ly t h e y e s ta b lis h e d t h e tr e n d I n S t a t e in s titu tio n s p e rc e n t a p p ea red h o u r s in c lu s iv e a lt h o u g h a n o t h e r n o t ic e p e rc e n t w ork ed 49 b u t le s s t h a n 54 h ou rs per w eek During the period there was a notable reduction in the working hours of Federal prisoners Whereas in percent of the productively employed worked 44 hours or more in percent worked less than 44 hours T a b l e 7 Scheduled W eek ly W ork in g H ou rs o j P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p loyed in State and F ederal P riso n s and Scheduled hours per week State and Federal prisons Under 24 hours and under 32 hours and under 36 hours and under 40 hours Average number produc tively em ployed Percent Average number produc tively em ployed Percent SCHEDULED W E E K L Y WORKING HOURS 17 T a b l e 7 Scheduled W eek ly W ork in g H ou rs o f P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in State and F ederal P riso n s and Continued 1932 Scheduled hours per week Average number produc tively em ployed 1940 Percent Average number produc tively em ployed Percent State and Federal prisons Continued 40 and under 44 hours hours and under 48 hours hours and under 54 hours hours and under 60 hours C hours O Over 60 hours State prisons Under 24 hours and under 32 hours and under 36 hours and under 40 hours and under 44 hours hours and under 48 hours hours and under 54 hours hours and under 60 hours hours Over 60 hours Federal prisons and under 32 hours and under 36 hours and under 40 hours and under 44 hours hours and under 48 hours hours and under 54 hours hours and under 60 hours hours Over 60 h o u r s Less than a tenth of l percent Examination of table 8 indicates that in 38 States the majority of the productively employed prisoners in State institutions worked 44 hours or less per week in 1940 In 10 other States more than 88 percent of the prisoners were assigned working hours in excess of 48 Most of the latter were employed on farms It is apparent from the wide distribution of hours that in most cases there has been very little attempt to establish any uniformity of hours even within a State In general shop workers are assigned relatively short hours and road and farm workers receive the longer tours of duty Reports showed variations in hours among the different shops of individual prisons and in some States among comparable shops in separate prisons Data covering Federal prisons on the other hand reflect a policy of uniformity in hours In most cases all prisoners in a State worked identical hours in 1940 The small groups in Georgia and Pennsyl vania assigned to more than 44 hours were employed on farms PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 18 T able P ercentage D istribu tion o f P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State and Scheduled H ou rs p e r W ee k State State and Federal prisons Percent of prisoners whose scheduled weekly working hours were Aver age num ber of prison ers pro Un and and and and 44 and 48 and 54 and 60 Over To un der un un un un un un duc 60 tal der der der tively 24 der der der der em ployed m o State prisons All States Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Illinois Indiana Io w a Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New M e x ico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Islan d South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Tfixas U ta h Vermont Virginia Washington W yom ing i Less than a tenth of 1 percent il Wisconsin Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Idaho W est Virginia TYPE OF INDUSTRY T able P ercentage D istribu tion o f P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in State and F ederal P riso n s b y State and Scheduled H ou rs p e r W eek Continued State Percent of prisoners whose scheduled weekly working hours were Aver age num ber of prison ers and pro Un and and and and 44 and 48 and 54 un 60 Over To un un 60 tal duc der un un un un der der der tively 24 der der der der em ployed Federal prisons All States Alabama Arizona California Florida Georgia Idaho Kansas Louisiana Michigan Minnesota Missouri New Hampshire New Y o r k Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia T y p e o f loo I n d u s tr y Of all inmates productively employed in State and Federal prisons in percent were engaged in manufacturing industries 29 percent in construction activities 26 percent in farming and kindred land use work and 5 percent in mining and quarrying Although employment in State prisons as a whole followed these ratios closely there were wide variations among the individual States shown in table 9 The proportions of prisoners employed at manufacturing in 1940 ranged from 2 percent in North Carolina to 91 percent in Rhode Island Seven Southern States with extensive construction and farming programs each utilized less than 12 percent of its prisoners at manufacturing Only 2 States Rhode Island and Minnesota assigned more than 80 percent of their prisoners to this type of work North Carolina led all States in 1940 in both the number and per centage of convicts working on construction practically all of which was road work Nineteen States reported fewer than 25 men so engaged Five Southern States Alabama Arkansas Louisiana Mississippi and Texas dominated the farming picture each employing more 20 PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES 1940 than 1 000 inmates at this pursuit in 1940 Mining and quarrying with few exceptions were rather unimportant insofar as the number of prisoners employed was concerned Only 3 States Kansas Ten nessee and West Virginia operated coal mines In other States such as California where the man year quarry production was valued at only 30 in 1940 prisoners were assigned to the quarry more as a disciplinary or safekeeping measure than as a matter of full time employment Federal prisons operated no mines or quarries and did relatively little farming and land development in 1940 As a whole these in stitutions assigned 52 percent of their employed prisoners to the manufacturing shops and 34 percent to construction work Georgia and Kansas accounted for 64 percent of all Federal prisoners assigned to manufacturing Federal prisons in 3 States failed to use prisoners on construction work and in the remainder an average of 134 con victs per State was engaged in this type of activity T a b l e 9 P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in State and F ederal P rison s in Each State C lassified b y T y p e o f W ork Average number of prisoners productively employed State Total Total State and Federal prisons Manufac turing 33 640 Farming Mining Construc and land de and quar tion velopment rying State prisons All States Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky LouisianaMaine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico TYP E OF PRODU CTION T ab le 9 P rison ers P rod u ctively E m p lo yed in State and F ederal P riso n s in Each State C lassified b y T y p e o f W ork Continued Average number of prisoners productively employed State Farming Mining Construc and land de and quar tion velopment rying Manufac turing Total State prisons Continued New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia W ashington West Virginia Wisconsin W yoming Federal prison All States Alabama Arizona California Florida Georgia Idaho TTa nsqs Tionisiana Michigan Minnesota Missouri Maine N ew York Ohio Oklahoma Pennsylvania Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia T y p e o f P r o d u c tio n To show the number of prisoners employed in producing various types of commodities the production unit used is in most cases synony mous with a prison shop Type of production as used in table 10 indicates the various types of daily work assignments commonly used by prison authorities and therefore most suitable for obtaining accurate averages of men employed The decline of over in the total value of prison produc tion between 1932 and 1940 may be attributed mainly to the loss of contracts by State prisons In the production of clothing alone the 22 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED iSTATES 1940 loss in State prisons amounted to over and in the output of furniture to slightly less than Despite a reduction of 31 percent in the value of goods produced in State prisons it was found possible by spreading the work to employ practically the same number of prisoners in 1940 as in 1932 In the case of construction activities value of production declined 52 percent between 1932 and 1940 but employment rose 26 percent In the clothing shops where the use of machines restricted the spread of work there was a loss of 55 percent in the number employed as compared with a decrease of 73 percent in the value of product In 1940 construction took first place for merly held by clothing in the number of prisoners employed and also maintained its leadership in the dollar column Second in volume of employment and dollar value in 1940 were farm products relegating the manufacture of clothing to third place T a b l e 10 P risoners Productively E m p lo yed and V alue o f Production in State and Federal P riso n s b y T y p e o f P roduction and Type of production Average number of prisoners pro ductively em ployed Value of commodities produced Total State and Federal prisons All ty p e s State prisons Agricultural implements and parts Bakery products commercial Brooms brushes and mops Clay cement and stone products Clothing other than knit Clothing knit Construction Buildings Land development Major repairs to buildings Major repairs to roads Roads Miscellaneous Cordage Farming Cattle Dairy Field crops and garden Hogs Poultry and poultry products Miscellaneous Furniture m etal Furniture wood Furniture other than metal or wood Grain mill products Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Miscellaneous Mining Paint Printing and binding Quarrying and rock crushing Repair and shop work Soap and other detergents Sugar Textiles Textile products Wood products Other manufactured products Miscellaneous labor only Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing f 4 748 i C O Does not include knit underwear inseparably included in clothing other than knit Included under appropriate type of production TYPE OF PRODUCTION T able 10 P rison ers 23 P rod u ctively E m p lo yed and V alue o f Prod uction in State and Federal P r is o n s b y T y p e o f Producton and C o n t in u e d Type of production Average number of prisoners pro ductively em ployed Value of commodities produced Federal prisons All types Bakery products commercial Brooms brushes and mops Clay cement and stone products Clothing Construction Buildings Land development Major repairs to buildings Major repairs to roads Roads Miscellaneous Farming Cattle Dairy Field crops and garden H og s Poultry and poultry products Furniture m etal Furniture wood Furniture other than metal or w ood Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Miscellaneous Printing and binding Repair and shop work Textiles Textile products Wood products Other manufactured products Miscellaneous labor only l f I f f Included under appropriate type of production Examination of the State prison data discloses a concentration of both employment and value in a comparatively few types of products Of the 39 types of production 19 each with production valued at over in 1940 employed 90 percent of the prisoners and accounted for 90 percent of the value of all commodities The value of metal tags highway markers and signs rose well over between 1932 and 1940 largely because in the latter year 40 States an increase of 14 over 1932 manufactured automobile license tags In percent more prisoners were engaged in the production of textiles and textile products than in 1932 with an increase of only 9 percent in the volume of output Between 1932 and 1940 the Federal prisons achieved an increase of 90 percent in total value of products but of only 35 percent in the num ber of production workers Although the rises in employment and output were distributed among most types of production shown in table 10 they are particularly noticeable in such classifications as brooms brushes and mops clothing building construction and furni ture This last is a comparatively new industry in Federal prisons PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES C o m p a r is o n o f P r o d u c tio n in P r is o n s a n d P r iv a te I n d u s tr y As the so called industries in prison are in most cases not com parable with those in outside life it was necessary in making the rough comparison shown in table 11 to allocate each individual prisonmanufactured article to the same classification as the particular in dustry in private business which is primarily engaged in making that article The values for private industry are totals for plants engaged primarily in making the indicated products and do not include the value of such articles made as secondary products in other industries The total value of prison production in the manufacturing industries in 1940 was less than half 0 38 of 1 percent of the total value of private production in the specified industries during 1939 In 43 of a total of 97 industries shown in table 11 the prison output was more than one tenth of 1 percent of that produced in private industry but in only 8 did it exceed 1 percent Chief among these were cordage and twine brooms and stamped and pressed metal products for which prison production was equivalent to and 2 2 percent respectively of private production in those industries The other classifications each producing more than 1 percent were work shirts brushes canvas products jute goods and cane sugar except that produced in refineries In numerous industries the prison production was negligible T able vate Value o f P roduction in State and Federal P rison s in and in P r i In d u stry Industries in 1939 by Specified Industrial Classifications o f M anu fa cturing 1 Standard industrial classifications major group group and industry Total all classification s Food and kindred products Meat products Meat packing wholesale Sausages prepared meats and other meat products not made in meat packing establishments Canning and preserving fruits vegetables and sea food Canned and dried fruits and vegetables including canned soups Grain mill products Flour and other grain mill products Prepared feeds including mineral for animals and fowls Cereal preparations breakfast foods etc Bakery products Bread and other bakery products except biscuit crackers and pretzels Sugar Cane sugar except refineries Miscellaneous food and kindred products Ice manufactured Food preparations not elsewhere classified Tobacco manufactures Tobacco chewing and smoking and snuff Textile mill products Cotton manufactures Cotton broad woven goods Cotton narrow f a b r i c s Cotton yarn See footnotes at end o f table Value of production in State and Fed eral pris ons 1940 Value of production in private industry COMPARISON OF PRODUCTION 25 T a b l e 11 V alue o f Production in State and Federal P rison s in and in Private In d u stry in b y Specified Industrial Classifications o f M anu fa cturing In d u s tries 1 Continued S ta n d a rd in d u s tria l classifications m a jo r group group a n d in d u s try V alu e of p ro d u c tio n in S ta te and Fed eral p ris ons 1940 Textile mill products Continued Woolen and worsted manufactures Woolen and worsted woven goods including woven felts and hair cloth Woolen and worsted yam Knit goods Hosiery Knitted cloths Knitted underwear Carpets rugs and other floor coverings Wool carpets and rugs Carpets rugs and mats made from paper fiber grass rags and jute Hats except cloth and millinery Hats straw Miscellaneous textile goods Processed waste and recovered wool fibers Jute goods except felt Cordage and twine Apparel and other finished products made from fabrics and similar materials Men s and boys tailored clothing Men s and boys suits coats and overcoats except work clothing made in inside factories Men s and boys furnishings work and sport garments Men s and boy s shirts except work shirts collars nightwear and underwear made in inside factories Men s neckwear made in inside factories Men s and boys hats and caps except felt and straw Work shirts Work clothing except work shirts sport garments except leather and other apparel not elsewhere classified Women s and misses outer clothing Women s and misses blouses and waists made in inside factories Women s and misses dresses except house dresses made in inside factories House dresses uniforms and aprons made in inside factories Women s accessories except millinery Women s children s and infants underwear and nightwear Women s miscellaneous accessories fabric belts etc Children s and infants outerwear Children s and infants dresses made in inside factories Children s and infants coats made in inside factories Children s and infants wear not elsewhere classified made in inside factories Miscellaneous apparel Gloves and mittens cloth cloth and leather combined Handkerchiefs Robes lounging garments and dressing gowns Raincoats and other waterproof garments except oiled fabric Miscellaneous apparel not elsewhere classified Miscellaneous fabricated textile products Curtains draperies and bedspreads Housefurnishings except curtains draperies and bedspreads Textile bags not made in textile mills Canvas products Miscellaneous fabricated textile products not elsewhere classified Lumber and timber basic products Logging Logging camps and logging contractors Sawmills and special product sawmills Sawmills including sawmills combined with logging camps and saw mills combined with planing mills Planing and plywood mills Planing mills Furniture and finished lumber products Household furniture Wooden household furniture Reed and rattan furniture Upholstered furniture Metal household furniture Mattresses and bedsprings Office furniture Wooden office furniture Metal office furniture Partitions shelving cabinet work and office and store fixtures See footnotes at end o f table V alue of p ro d u c tio n in p riv a te in d u s try f PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 T a b l e 11 Value o f Production in State and Federal Prisons in 1940 and in Private Industry in 1939 by Specified Industrial Classifications o f M anufacturing Indus tries 1 Continued Standard industrial classifications major group group and industry Value of production in State and Fed eral pris ons 1940 Value of production in private industry Furniture and finished lumber products Continued Wooden containers Vegetable and fruit baskets Rattan and willowware except furniture Wooden boxes except cigar boxes Window and door screens shades and Venetian blinds Window shades Caskets coffins burial cases and other mortician s goods Miscellaneous wood products Wood products not elsewhere classified Paper and allied products Paperboard containers and boxes Corrugated and fiber boxes Printing publishing and allied industries General commercial job printing Chemicals and allied products Paints varnishes and colors Drugs medicines toilet preparations insecticides and related products Insecticides fungicides and related industrial and household chemicals Soap and glycerin Hardwood distillation charcoal and naval stores Gum naval stores Miscellaneous chemical products Cleaning and polishing preparations Chemical products not elsewhere classified writing ink Leather and leather products Leather Tanned curried and finished Leather sole belting upper and lining regular factories Footwear except rubber Footwear except house slippers and rubber footwear House slippers Miscellaneous leather goods Saddlery harness and whips Miscellaneous leather goods not elsewhere classified Stone clay and glass products Structural clay products Brick and hollow building tile Roofing tile Sewer pipe and kindred products Concrete gypsum and plaster products Concrete products Lime Cut stone and stone products Monuments and tombstones Iron and steel and their products Iron and steel foundry products Gray iron castings Tin cans and other tinware not elsewhere classified Cutlery tools and general hardware Cutlery and edge tools Metal stamping enameling galvanizing japanning and lacquering Stamped arid pressed metal products except automobile stampings Miscellaneous iron and steel products Forgings iron and steel not made in plants connected with rolling mills Nonferrous metals and their products Nonferrous metal products not elsewhere classified Nonferrous metal foundries except aluminum Aluminum products Machinery except electrical Agricultural machinery and tractors Agricultural machinery except tractors Miscellaneous manufacturing industries Surgical medical and dental instruments equipment and supplies Surgical supplies and equipment not elsewhere classified Toys and sporting and athletic goods Games and toys except dolls and children s vehicles Brooms and brushes Brooms Brushes Miscellaneous industries Miscellaneous fabricated products not elsewhere classified As prepared by the Technical Subcommittee on Industrial Classification under the auspices of the Division of Statistical Standards 2 Data are from Census of Manufactures Preliminary reports for 1939 2 Includes Venetian blinds Includes small amount of public building furniture 27 SALE OF PRISON MADE GOODS Sale o f P rison M a d e Goods Of the worth of goods manufactured in State prisons in 1940 under systems other than the State use and public works and ways the figures in table 12 show that 75 percent were sold within the State where produced and 25 percent outside the State The effect o f regulatory legislation may be seen by comparing these per centages with those for 1932 when 34 percent of such goods were sold within the State and 66 percent outside The relatively large volume of goods sold outside the State in 1940 by the Alabama Prison System was all marketed in South America Among the States with the greatest volume o f out of State sales in 1940 were Minnesota which sold cordage and farm machinery valued at Oregon flax products valued at and Missouri shoes and rope which had a combined value of Kansas Michigan and South D akota sold considerable quantities of cordage Sales within the State accounted for 75 percent of all production under the State account and 73 percent of that under the piece price system in 1940 State prisons in only two States Florida and South Carolina produced on a piece price basis and only South Carolina sold such goods outside of the State No goods were produced under the State account system in the District of Columbia Arizona Ne vada New Jersey and Pennsylvania and a number of States such as Idaho New York Tennessee and West Virginia sold only excess farm products produced under these systems Federal prisons in 1940 as in the past produced only under the State use and public works and ways systems 4 T able 12 Value o f Goods Produced Under State Account and P iece P rice System s in Individual State P r is o n S o ld Inside and Outside o f State 1940 Total both systems State and institution Total All State prisons Alabama State Prison System Arkansas State Penitentiary California State Prison at Folsom State Prison at San Q u e n tin Colorado State Penitentiary State Reformatory Connecticut State Prison State Reformatory Delaware Sussex County Prison New Castle County Workhouse Florida State Prison Georgia State Prison Idaho State Penitentiary Sold within State Sold outside State State account Total Sold within State Sold outside State i See footnotes at end of table 4 Excess farm products valued at 404 were sold on the open market by Federal prisons in 1940 T able 12 Value o f Goods Produced Under State Account and P iece P rice System s in Individual State P rison s Sold In sid e and Outside o f State Continued Total both systems State and institution Total Illinois State Penitentiary Menard 18 553 Branch Indiana 45 149 State Reformatory State Prison Women s Prison State Farm Iowa 10 027 The M en s Reformatory State Penitentiary Women s Reformatory Kansas 3 669 State Industrial Reformatory State Penitentiary Kentucky 3 041 State Reformatory State Penitentiary Louisiana State Penitentiary Maine 24 350 State Prison State Reformatory for Men State Reformatory for Women Maryland State Penal Farm Massachusetts 130 Reformatory for Men Reformatory for Women State Prison Colony State Farm Michigan 375 State Reformatory State Prison of Southern Michigan 35 687 Detroit House of Correction Ionia State Hospital Minnesota State Prison State Reformatory Mississippi State Penitentiary Missouri State Penitentiary Intermediate Reformatory for 582 Young Men Montana State Prison Nebraska 7 345 State Reformatory for Men State Prison State Reformatory for Women Genoa State Farm New Hampshire State Prison New Mexico Penitentiary of New 22 501 Mexico New York Institution for Male Defective 27 Delinquents Matteawan State Hospital Wallkill Prison Woodbourne Institution for De 80 fective Delinquents North Carolina State Prison System North Dakota State Penitentiary Ohio 270 State Reformatory Lima State Hospital Oklahoma 98 125 State Penitentiary State Reformatory Oregon State Penitentiary Rhode Island State Prison South Carolina State Penitentiary South Dakota State Penitentiary Tennessee Fort Pillow State Farm Texas Prison System Utah State Prison Vermont State Prison and House of Correc tion for M en Women s Reformatory See footnotes at end o f table Sold within State State account Sold outside State Total Sold within State Sold outside State i PRODUCTION PUBLIC WORKS AND WAYS SYSTEM T able 12 Value o f Goods Produced Under State Account and P iece P rice System s in Individual State Prisons Sold Inside and Outside o f State Continued Total both systems State and institution Total Virginia State Penitentiary and Con vict Road Force Washington State Penitentiary State Reformatory West Virginia State Medium Security Prison Wisconsin Central State Hospital for Insane State Prison for W omen State Prison State Reformatory Milwaukee House of Correction Wyoming State Penitentiary Industrial Institute Sold within State State account Sold outside State Total Sold within State Sold outside State Includes produced on piece price basis 2 Includes produced on piece price basis 2 Includes 80 989 produced on piece price basis Includes 60 989 produced on piece price basis Includes produced on piece price basis e Includes produced on piece price basis 7Includes 80 989 produced on piece price basis Production Under Public W orks and W a ys System The total value of construction under the public works and ways system in State and Federal institutions during 1940 was according to figures in table 13 This work was responsible for the employment o f 24 337 prisoners M ajor repairs to roads valued at employed the greatest number of prisoners while 3 929 inmates constructed new buildings valued at State prisons in North Carolina led those in all other States in 1940 by employing 7 202 prisoners on public construction valued at percent of this amount represented m ajor repairs to roads State prisons in Georgia Virginia and W est Virginia chiefly through the construction o f new roads each completed construction valued at over and employed large forces of convicts Whereas 13 States employed prisoners on new road construction in 1932 only 5 did in 1940 M aryland and Texas with extensive build ing programs well under way at the beginning of the year each re ported for 1940 new building construction appraised in excess of Only 3 States failed to do any work of this type during the fiscal year Alabama and Illinois used State prisoners extensively on alterations and improvements to buildings Pennsylvania with considerable sewer and steam line construction led all States in the value of miscellaneous construction Federal prisons employed 2 271 prisoners at construction valued at in 1940 The construction o f new buildings represented 30 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES percent of the total valuation Oklahoma with new building con struction at the Federal Reform atory exceeded all other States in number of prisoners employed and value of construction T able 13 Prisoners Productively Em ployed and Value o f Production Under Public W orks and W ays System in State and Federal Prisons in Each State 1940 Average number of prisoners productively employed Construction State Land develop ment Total Total State and Federal prisons Altera New other tions and than build improve ings and ments roads New build ings Roads new Roads major repairs State prisons All States Alabama Arizona California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Colum bia Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Michigan Minnesota Missouri Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Dakota Tennessee T ex a s U tah Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Requiring less than the full time work of 1 prisoner for a year PRODUCTION PUBLIC WORKS AND WAYS SYSTEM 31 T a b le 13 Prisoners Productively Em ployed and Value o f Production Under Public W orks and W ays System in State and Federal Prisons in Each State Con Average number of prisoners productively employed Construction State Total Land develop ment Altera New other tions and than build improve ings and ments roads New build ings Hoads major repairs Hoads new Federal prisons All States Alabama Arizona California Florida Georgia Idaho Kansas Michigan Minnesota Missouri O h io Oklahoma Pennsylvania Texas Virginia Washington West Virginia Value Construction State Total Land develop ment New build ings Total State and Federal prisons All States Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Colum bia Florida Georgia 300 300 Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Michigan M innesota Missouri Nebraska New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania South Dakota Tennessee Texas Altera New other tions and than build improve ings and ments roads Hoads new Hoads major repairs State prisons PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 T able 13 Prisoners Productively Em ployed and Value o f Production Under Public W orks and W ays System in State and Federal Prisons in Each State Con Value Construction State Total Land develop ment Altera New other tions and than build improve ings and roads ments New build ings Roads new Roads major repairs State prisons Continued Utah Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Federal prisons All States Alabama A rizona California Flnrida Georgia Tdaho Kansas Michigan Minnesota M issou ri Ohio O klahom a Pennsylvania T e x a s Virginia Washington West Virginia Compensation to Productively E m ployed Prisoners The Bureau endeavored to obtain information concerning amounts paid to those prisoners who were productively employed In 1940 State prisoners of 18 States received no compensation for productive work performed while 30 States and the District of Columbia had some system o f financial reward for such prisoners In most States these payments were purely nominal ranging for the m ajority of prisoners from 1 to 25 cents per working day A few States made a practice of distributing proportionately among the working inmates part of the profits of the shops Several States allowed industrial good time 5 to prisoners employed at certain jobs but only one State allowed as much as 1 day off sentence for each day worked Federal prisons as a rule had established more definite wage payment policies than had the State prisons STATE PRISONS The variety of bases of compensating State prisoners made it impracticable to tabulate the information obtained However the principal methods of compensating the productively employed prisoners in each State are summarized below 6Time deducted from original sentence as one form of compensation for work performed C O M P E N S A T IO N TO P R O D U C T IV E L Y EM PLOYED 33 A la b a m a Prisoners received no compensation except when in emergencies t h e y were called upon for night or Sunday work on the roads For this overtime they received 15 cents per hour C a lifo r n ia The State Highway Commission paid men working in the honor road camps 2 10 per day worked Against this the prisoners were charged a pro rated share of the camp expenses In the 6 camps the average net pay per working day ranged from 26 7 to 51 4 cents No other inmates received compensation C on n ecticu t A t the State Prison for M en first grade prisoners were paid 15 cents per day but those in the second and third grades received no pay W om en s Prison inmates were paid 10 cents per day for the first 5 years and 15 cents per day thereafter The W om en s Reforma tory paid no wages D ela w a re The basic rate of pay at the Newcastle County W orkhouse was 10 cents per day A few prisoners in skilled positions were paid higher rates with a maximum of 45 cents W omen received 90 cents per month D istric t o f C o lu m b ia Prisoners were paid according to the pay scale o f the jobs to which they were assigned Jobs were classified not the inmates Job pay classifications were as follows Grade A 15 cents per day Grade B 10 cents per day Grade C 5 cents per day apprentice no pay A prisoner must serve at least 6 months before he is eligible for a paid job Only felons employed in industries 6 were eligible for industrial good time which was granted for excep tional skill and good conduct Such felons in Grade A and B jobs earned 2 days per month for the first year and 4 days per month thereafter Those in Grade C jobs earned up to 1 day per month the first year and 3 days per month thereafter I llin o is Workers in the shirt factory at the Reform atory for W om en and in some of the industries at Joliet and Statesville were paid varying amounts depending upon the production of the shops I o w a M ale prisoners received from 10 to 25 cents per day Females were paid 5 cents per day after serving 6 months K a n s a s M en were paid 4 cents per day with the exception of coal miners who were paid 75 cents for each ton over a set task W omen received 5 cents per day K e n t u c k y All workers earned 8 cents a day M a r y l a n d A t the House of Correction prisoners assigned to the road gangs received 3 per month plus 5 days a month industrial good tim e Those working in shops or on farms received 2 per month plus 5 days industrial good tim e A t the State Penal Farm workers were allowed 5 days per month good time In the Peni6 Industries represent those production shops which are generally included in a more or less formal organization supervised by the prison warden or superintendent of industries They usually represent the factory ype of shop and do not include farms maintenance shops or construction work 34 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES tentiary all inmates employed by the industries received a basic pay o f 15 cents per day skilled workers 20 to 25 cents and a few experts 40 cents M a ssa c h u se tts W om en s Reformatory inmates placed outside as domestics customarily received 1 25 per day from the employer A t the State Prison 37 percent o f all profit from all the shops was distributed quarterly among the working inmates The share of each inmate depended upon his relative efficiency rating M ic h i g a n The Reform atory and the prisons at Jackson and M arquette paid workers from 5 to 35 cents per day depending upon skill and aptitude The D etroit House of Correction paid both men and women a flat rate of 10 cents per day M in n e s o t a A t the State Prison prisoners working in the cordage shop print shop and farm were paid 15 cents a day for the first 6 months 25 cents for the second 6 months and 30 cents thereafter An overtime bonus of 5 cents a day for time in excess of the daily work ing schedule was also paid The farm machinery plant and the foundry paid on a piece rate basis with a monthly maximum of 15 Workers at the M en s Reform atory received compensation ranging from 6 to 25 cents per day with an average per prisoner of 13 cents W om en s Reform atory inmates were compensated at the rate o f 10 cents per day for the first 6 months and 15 cents per day thereafter For exceptionally hard work such as milking or field duties they were paid 20 cents per day M i s s o u r i Prisoners at the State Penitentiary were paid from 50 cents to 3 per month depending upon type of work and inmates ability Young men at the Reform atory received 5 cents per day N e b r a sk a The Penitentiary paid bakery workers 5 cents a day and those employed in the manufacturing shops 20 cents per day In mates working in the metal creamery and shoe industries at the Reform atory received 20 cents per day no others were paid but outside workers were allowed 5 days per month industrial good time The Reform atory for W om en paid inmates 5 cents per day after 6 months o f incarceration N e w H a m p s h ir e All workers received 15 cents per working day N e w J e r s e y Workers at all institutions with the exception of Ann an dale were paid 6 cents per day for the first 3 months 8 cents per day for the second 3 months and 10 cents per day thereafter They also received industrial good time at the rate of 1 day per full workweek Lifers not being eligible for good time were paid a flat rate o f 25 cents per day Annandale prisoners were credited with earnings at the same rates as prisoners in other institutions but the money was turned into a canteen and recreational fund for the benefit of all prisoners Workers at Annandale were allowed good time only for overtime work at the rate of approximately one half C O M P E N S A T IO N TO P R O D U C T IV E L Y EM PLOYED 35 day for each 4 hours overtime A maximum of 2 days of good time could be earned in any 1 week N ew York A t Attica prisoners in the industries were paid wages ranging from 5 to 30 cents per day In the textile shop alone a piece work plan was in use Piece work rates were so planned that although the average piece worker earned approximately the same amount as the average day worker in other industries it was possible through more efficient performance for a piece worker in any job to earn up to the State law maximum of 30 cents per day Compensa tion at Auburn Prison was similar to that at Attica except that there was no piece work and the average pay in any one shop might not exceed 20 cents per day An average of 5 cents and a maximum of 10 cents was established for farm workers A t Sing Sing all inmates employed by Prison Industries were paid on a piece work basis in order to familiarize the worker with usual shop procedure The average pay per inmate employed in the industries was 61 75 for the fiscal year approximately 22 cents a working day In State shops prisoners were paid from 5 to 15 cents per day for work on clothing rock crushing shoe repair etc Wallkill Great Meadow and Clinton Prisons had wage scales ranging from 2 to 30 cents per day and the woman prisoners in the clothing shop at Westfield State Prison Farm received an average of 1 cent an hour North Dakota Binder twine workers received 20 cents per day plus overtime of 5 cents per hour All other productive workers were paid 18 cents per day Ohio At the Reformatory for Women the basic daily wage was 6 cents although wage rates of 13 to 33 cents were paid to some women holding jobs involving skill or responsibility The State Penitentiary and the State Farm made no distinction in compensation between prisoners productively employed and those assigned to maintenance duties All were paid on the following bases single men no depend ents one half cent per hour single men no dependents but honor or skilled 1 cent per hour single men no dependents but skilled and clerical 2 cents per hour married men with dependents 5 cents per hour These latter were credited with only one half cent and the other 4K cents was sent to the dependents At the Men s Reforma tory single men and married men without dependent children received 1 cent an hour but were held to maximum earnings of 25 during incarceration Inmates having 1 2 or 3 or more dependent children were paid 3 4 or 5 cents per hour respectively Oklahoma In the pants factory at the State Penitentiary machine operators pickers oilers and porters received 2 per month while the more skilled occupations such as instructors mechanics cutters pattern markers etc were paid from 3 to 5 for the same period Pay for jobs in the twine plant ranged from 1 to 2 50 per month de 36 P R IS O N LABOR IN T H E U N IT E D S T A T E S pending upon the skill required All workers in the cannery received 1 50 per month plus overtime of 5 cents for each hour over 8 in any day All other productively employed inmates were allowed from 1 to 2 each month At the Oklahoma Reformatory each of the 3 departments of the shoe factory divided among the workers 32 for each 1 000 pairs of shoes produced The boot shop divided 25 cents for each pair In the tannery and saddle shop unskilled inmates received 1 and skilled inmates 1 25 or 1 50 per month Oregon Compensation ranged from 25 to 60 cents per day for workers in the flax industry No other inmates were paid Pennsylvania All institutions paid industrial workers on the same basis The daily wage rate varied from a minimum of 10 cents per day for apprentices to 1 per day for a few highly skilled workers Some shops paid piece work rates to insure quality and quantity production but earnings at these rates fell within the daily wage scale A bonus system was used to reward prisoners turning out exceptionally high quality products South Carolina In the furniture factory there was no set task but most men were paid on a piece work basis Typical are arm men who received 3 cents per arm back men 3 cents per back and trimmers 2 cents per chair Earnings on these jobs averaged about 4 00 per month Boxers craters and other laborers received a flat rate of 3 per month In the garment factory prisoners worked under a set task system Payments of 75 cents for the first task and 25 cents for each additional task resulted in average earnings of 3 50 to 4 per month for each prisoner Prisoners in the auto tag shop earned from 15 to 30 cents per day depending upon their skills Farm workers were not paid South Dakota Productively employed prisoners earned from 15 to 25 cents per day Tennessee At the State Penitentiary men working on roads re ceived 5 cents per day and those in industries 7 cents per day At Brushy Mountain coal miners worked on a task basis and were paid 25 cents per ton over the task Other workers earned 1 per month All inmates at Fort Pillow received 1 per month Texas No cash payments were made but inmates employed at numerous jobs were allowed industrial good time ranging from 10 to 30 days for each month s work Utah Inmate foremen and prisoners holding the more responsible jobs were given three 25 cent books of stamps every 2 weeks All other productive workers received two such books These stamps could be used as postage or as a medium of exchange at the com missary Vermont Prisoners employed in the printing and auto tag shops were paid 15 cents each working day K I N D Q U A N T IT Y A N D V A L U E OF P R O D U C T IO N 37 Virginia All employed prisoners received a basic wage of 10 cents a day In addition certain skilled workers were granted a bonus of 5 to 25 cents per day Wisconsin Employed prisoners at the State Prison for Women received 3 cents a day for the first year of sentence and 1 cent a day thereafter At the State Reformatory men assigned to work outside the wall were granted 5 days per month industrial good time The State Prison paid workers after 1 month s service in the twine plant from 9 to 18 cents per day depending upon the skill required for the job Laundry workers received 20 cents per day after 3 months service Prisoners working outside the wall farmers etc earned industrial good time of 5 days per month All prisoners received in addition to any other earnings the basic rate of 3 cents a day for the first year and 1 cent a day thereafter FEDERAL PRISONS Federal Prison Industries Inc a Government corporation oper ated shops in 12 of the Federal Prisons All prisoners employed in these shops with the exception of aliens without dependents in this country received compensation In some cases this was based upon an hourly rate ranging from 3K to 10 cents and in others upon a group piece work plan During the fiscal year in wages was shared by an average of 2 938 paid workers resulting in an annual average of 94 65 per man A prisoner was allowed to use 25 percent of his earnings The balance was held in an account until the prisoner s release or was sent to his dependents if any In eight of the prisons productively employed inmates were allowed 2 days per month industrial good time for the first year of employ ment and 4 days per month thereafter At the discretion of the warden an extra day of good time could be allowed after 1 year s service for exceptionally meritorious service and after 4 year s employment to any worker with a good conduct record Workers in the Federal prison camps received no monetary compensation but were allowed industrial good time of 3 days per month for the first year and 5 days per month thereafter Prisoners returned from parole or conditional releases are not eligible for good time K in d Q uantity and Value o f Production STATE PRISONS Examination of table 14 shows that auto license tags were produced Their valuation of was higher than that of any other article manufactured in 1940 Closely approaching this was almost pounds of binder twine valued at Com 38 PRISON L A B O R IN THE U N IT E STATES 1940 modities in the l to 2 million dollar class were whole milk cotton yard goods shoes canned fruit and vegetables and cotton In terms of dollar value auto license tags also constituted the most important single commodity produced under the State use system Miscellaneous farm products principally truck crops whole milk canned fruit and vegetables shoes cotton yard goods and dressed pork7 each were produced in quantities valued at more than and with auto tags accounted for almost two fifths of the value of all commodities produced under the State use system The following classes of goods produced for State use in the amount of or more are worthy of note Work pants work shirts underwear knit and other field corn potatoes highway markers metal and wood miscellaneous printing and binding soap and wool yard goods Outstanding among the State account sales were almost pounds of binder twine valued at over bales of raw cotton valued at over cotton yard goods amounting to and agricultural implements and parts worth These four major items accounted for 64 percent of all State account sales If the values of shoes rope cottonseed wood chairs lime stone sugar jute bags flax tow and fiber and the item labor only clothing each in excess of were added to these others the total would represent 88 percent of all such sales No other of a total of 128 classes of goods sold equaled 1 percent Under the public works and ways system major repairs to roads employed more men and exceeded in dollar value all other types of construction Only in the prisons of two States Florida and South Carolina was the piece price system in use Sales of four furniture items and three clothing items totaled 59 percent and 41 percent respectively of all production under this system FEDERAL PRISONS The Federal institutions employ prisoners and produce goods and services only under the State use and public works and ways systems The only items sold on the open market are certain excess farm products The volume of such sales in 1940 was 404 a negligible amount The ratio of State use to public works and ways production was 76 to 24 The combined market values of 328 697 pairs of shoes and yards of duck and canvas each in excess of represented 35 percent of all goods produced Brushes valued at comprised an additional 13 percent Thus almost half 48 percent of the market value of all goods produced is accounted for in the production of these three classes of commodities Two classes 7 Including pork dressed on farm and in abattoirs The latter is classified under other manufactured products K IN D Q U A N T IT Y AND V A LU E OF P R O D U C T IO N 39 brooms and tents had a production value in excess of and seven others suits work shirts milk steel transfer cases steel shelving wood chairs and mattresses ranged from to Under the public works and ways system approximately 80 percent of the prisoners and 78 percent of the value of completed works were concentrated in the construction of new buildings Miscellaneous construction included such items as water sewer and steam lines and major repairs to sea walls T a b l e K i n d Q uantity and Value o f Production in State and Federal P riso n s b y System o f W ork O Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Type of production and commodities produced Total Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value Quan tity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quan tity Value State prisons j Each Each f 298 r 19 Dozen 1 Dozen Each J l l M Each Each Each Each i 1 208 Each Each Each Squares Dozen Dozen D ozenEach Dozen Each i Agricultural implements and parts Agricultural implements Do Agricultural implement parts Do R epairs Bakery products commercial Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Mops Clay cement and stone products Brick Building tile Concrete blocks Concrete cemetery vaults Concrete cribbing Concrete curbstones Concrete grave markers Concrete pipe Concrete posts Drain tile Roofing tile Miscellaneous Clothing other than knit Aprons Bathrobes Children s play suits Coats dress Coats work Dresses PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Total State and Federal prisons Unit Average number of pris oners em ployed Gloves and mittens Hosiery Underwear Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Land development Major repairs to buildings Major repairs to roads Roads Miscellaneous Cordage Binder twine Rope Farming cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farming dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table D ozen pairs Dozen D ozen D ozen pairs D o ze n pairs D ozen Pounds Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds H ea d Pounds Pounds Pounds Dozen Each D ozenEach D ozenDozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Each C C f L KIN D QUANTITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Uniforms Vests men s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Gloves and mittens T able 14 K i n d Q uantity and Value o f Production in State and Federal P riso n s b y System o f W ork Continued bO Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Type of production and commodities produced Unit Total Quantity State use Value Quantity Value Public works and ways Quan tity Value State account Quantity Value State prisons Continued Farming field crops and garden Barley Beets sugar or stock Corn field Cotton Cottonseed Ensilage Flaxseed Fodder Hay Labor only Molasses Oats Peanuts Potatoes Straw Sugarcane Tobacco Wheat Miscellaneous Farming hogs Hogs Do Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farming poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry liv e Do Miscellaneous Bushels Bushels Bales Tons Tons Bushels Tons Tons Gallons Bushels C I l l Bushels Tons Tons Pounds Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds H e a d Piece price Quan tity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Average number of pris oners em ployed See footnotes at end of table Each Each Each Each Each Each Pairs Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each E ach Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each o voo IQ QUANTITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION Farming miscellaneous Farm hands hired out Livestock miscellaneous Miscellaneous Furniture metal Beds Bedsprings Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets storage Chairs Crib sides Desks Document files Filing cases Lockers Repairs Shelving Stools Tables Transfer cases Waste baskets Miscellaneous Furniture wooden Bedroom suites Beds Benches Benches manual training Bookcases Breakfast sets Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets storage Cabinets and tables Chairs Chairs upholstered Davenports sofas etc Desks Fiber articles Filing cases Living room suites Ottomans Repairs Stands Stools Tables Tavern fixtures Trays letter Venetian blinds Waste baskets Miscellaneous T a b l e 14 K in d Quantity and Value of Production in State and Federal Prisons by System of Work Continued Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Type of production and commodities produced Unit Total Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value Quan tity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value State prisons Continued Furniture other than metal or wood Labor only Mattresses Pillows Repairs Miscellaneous Grain mill products Cornmeal Feed Flax meal Flour Grits Labor only Wheat cereal Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Brackets Highway markers Repairs Each Each Barrels Tons Tons Barrels Pounds Pounds Pounds 249 Each Each Each Pieces Each Each Pounds Sets Pieces Value 1940 Do Tags miscellaneous 3 Miscellaneous Metal products miscellaneous Aluminum ware Do Animal cages Beetle traps Castings Do Chains tire Chains miscellaneous Galvanized ware D o Each Each Quan tity PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Average number of pris oners em ployed Do Cotton yard goods light Do Duck and canvas Gauze bandage Miscellaneous jute products Rugs Twine Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Yarn wool Miscellaneous Each Each Each r 3i Tons Tons Tons o Pieces C 1 Pieces Each Pieces Tons Gallons Pounds Gallons Gallons Pounds Dozen Each Pounds Square yards Yards Square yards Yards Square yards Pounds Square yards Square yards Pounds Pounds KIND QUANTITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION Highway guard rails Iron hollow ware Repairs Steelware stainless Tin cans Tinware Do Miscellaneous Mining c o a l Paint Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Stone crushed Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Miscellaneous Sugar Cane syrup Sugar Textiles Bags jute Blankets Cloths knit mop and polish Cotton yard goods heavy See footnotes at end of table Oi T a b l e 14 K i n d Q uantity and Value o f Production in State and Federal P riso n s b y System o f W ork Continued 05 Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Type of production and commodities produced Unit Total Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value Quan tity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value State prisons Continued Textile products Auto certificate holders Bags cloth Bags tobacco Covers mattress Door mats Flags Hooked rugs Labor only Mop heads Pillowcases Repairs Sheets Spreads Tents Ticks m attress Ticks pillow Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Baskets Boxes Coffins and rough boxes Crutches Handles brush and broom Hickory poles Highway markers Do Lumber Millwork Shingles Stepladders Turpentine Willows Wood fuel Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen 965 Dozen Each Each E ach Each Dozen Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Board feet Bundles Each Pounds C U Dozen D ozenEach Each Each Quan tity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Average number of pris oners em ployed Other manufactured products Beef dressed Boxes paper Canned fruit and vegetables Pounds Each Cases 134 G G G G OtC Q G G G C O G G G G G G G Federal prisons Total all types Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes DoJ Clothing Aprons Bathrobes Coats dress Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each D ozenEach Dozen pairs G QUANTITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION G G G G G G G G Cement Bags Coffee roasted Pounds Dehydrated vegetables Pounds Doormats Envelopes auto tag Each Flax tow and fiber Pounds Harness Sets Do Insecticides deodorants and related chemi cal compounds Labor only Meat products miscellaneous Pork dressed Pounds Repairs Saddlery Shoe leather Snow fence Tobacco smoking and chewing Pounds Toys Each Trucks laundry canvas Each Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Labor only Repairs machine and automotive Seafood G G T able 14 K in d Q uantity and Value o f Production in State and Federal P riso n s b y System o f W ork Continued 00 Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Type of production and commodities produced Unit Total Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value Quan tity State account Quantity Value Piece price Value Federal prisons Continued Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Each 1 lol 1 1 1Q Pounds Pounds Head Pounds 9 f 6l Value 1940 Clothing C ontinued Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Uniforms Vests men s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Land development Major repairs to buildings Major repairs to roads Roads M iscellaneous Farming cattle Beef dressed Miscellaneous Farming dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Quan tity PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S Average number of pris oners em ployed j i BushelsTons Gallons Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each C KIND QUANTITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION Farming field crops and garden Barley Beets sugar or stock Cane syrup Corn field Ensilage Fodder H a y Oats Peanuts Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farming hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farming poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture metal Beds Bookcases Cabinets Cases transfer Chairs Lockers Shelving Tables Trays food Waste baskets Miscellaneous Furniture wood Beds Benches Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Chairs Davenports sofas e t c Desks Fiber articles Repairs Stands Stools Tables Trays letter Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table C O T a bK 1in d Q uantity and Value o f Production l4 e C o in State and Federal P riso n s b y System o f W ork n Oi O Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Type of production and commodities produced Unit Total Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value Quan tity Federal prisons Continued Furniture other than metal or wood f 47 482 Mattresses Each 1 44 Pillows Each r 51 Repairs J l o Laundry commercial Dry cleaning Pieces f Laundry commercial Pounds Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Each Metal products miscellaneous f 479 819 Castings Pounds 36 Miscellaneous Printing and binding miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light Square yards Do Yards Yards Duck and canvas Tape Yards 212 Wool yard goods Square yards Textile products Dozen Bags cloth Each 115 Flags Labor only Each Parachutes meteorological Dozen 931 Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Each 36 Spreads Each Tents Each Ticks mattress Dozen Towels Miscellaneous Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quan tity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Average number of pris oners em ployed t Each Each Each Cases Each 1 Enumeration impracticable 2 Includes labor and trim in fabricating the following 1 736 dozen coats and jackets 7 459 dozen coveralls 37 dozen pajamas 24 936 dozen pants 15 034 dozen play suits 16 341 dozen shirts and 185 dozen shorts with a total valuation of Includes tax tokens valued at 31 519 and dog and hunters tags valued at 4 Includes 2 030 cast iron road signs valued at Cloth woven and bags fabricated in textile mill 8 Includes 40 000 danger flags valued at percent complete KIND QUANTITY AND VALUE OF PRODUCTION Wood products Boxes Brush blocks Brush handles Wood fuel Other manufactured products Canned fruit and vegetables Door mats Trucks laundry canvas Miscellaneous Or A ppendix A General Tables Table A shows the kind quantity and value of articles produced together with the systems under which they were disposed of in each of the State prisons during the year 1940 Table B presents similar data for Federal prisons Most articles produced in any considerable quantity are shown separately and classified under type of production and subheading Where production of certain articles has been relatively unimportant they have been included under miscellaneous 53 T able A K i n d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p r ison s b y State system and institution Oi A LA B A M A Total STATE PRISON SYSTEM Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Brooms brushes and mops Mops Each 2 Clothing other than knit Aprons Dozen Dozen Coats work Dresses Each Hats and caps Dozen Overalls Dozen Pants work Dozen Shirts work Dozen Suits Each Underwear women s and children s Dozen Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr Underwear Dozen Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings 86 Construction Major repairs to roads Farm Cattle Head 37 Farm Dairy Butter Pounds Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Bushels Cotton Bales Cottonseed Tons Hay Tons Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Radishes Crates Rice Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Head 15 Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Value J Quantity Piece price Value Quantity Value State account PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Dozen Each Each Barrels Pounds Each Each Each Yards Dozen Dozen Each Dozen ft Pounds Cases Pounds A R IZ O N A STATE PRISON Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Dozen Each Pounds Head Pounds oq APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Grain mill products Corn meal Grits Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Textiles Blankets Cotton yard goods light Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Ticks mattress Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Beef dressed Canned fruits and vegetables Pork dressed See footnotes at end of table Ox Ox T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p r is o n s b y State system and institution Continued o A R IZO N A Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value state prison continued Farm Field crops and garden Barley Ensilage Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Grain mill products Flour Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Ice 102 Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Barrels Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases Tons Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITE STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value ARKANSAS STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Coats work Dozen Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Pants work Dozen Shoes new Pairs Shoesrepaired Pairs Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Miscellaneous Pounds 0 0 Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Bushels Cotton Bales Cottonseed Tons 2 417 Tons Hay Bushels Potatoes Wheat Bushels Miscellaneous C 1 0 Farm Hogs Lard Pounds Pork dressed Pounds Furniture Other than metal or wood 8 609 Each Mattresses Pillows Each Grain mill products Corn meal Barrels Feed stock T ons Each Metal products Auto license tags Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Dozen 274 Pillowcases Sheets Dozen 107 Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES See footnotes at end o f table Or T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued Ox 00 C A L IF O R N IA Total Unit ALL IN STITU TION S Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats w o r k Dresses Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Panamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Uniforms Vests men s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Buttermilk Cattle Cream Hides Milk skimmed 4 105 Dozen Each Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Each Each M iles M iles Pounds Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity C O Quantity Value State account Piece price Value Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley See footnotes at end of table Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces Each Each Tons Tons Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Wood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Filing cases Repairs Shelving Stools Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Signs Metal products Miscellaneous Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone building Stone crushed Textiles Bags jute Twine Miscellaneous jute products Textile products Bags cloth Flags Napkins Pillowcases Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen co T able A K in d quantity ane value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued o o C A LIF O R N IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value all institutions continued Textile products Continued Spreads Tablecloths Ticks mattress Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Boxes Millwork Wood fuel Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Dried fruits and vegetables Total STATE PRISON AT FOLSOM Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Uniforms Each 110 Cases Pounds Each Each Each Dozen D ozen Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen D ozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each D ozen Each Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITE STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each M iles Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Wood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc 3 Pounds 5 Dozen Pounds Head Pillowcases Sheets Tablecloths T ieks m attress Towels Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table Each Each Each Each Each Cabinets Desks Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Each Siens Metal products Miscellaneous Tinware Pieces Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Each Each Letterheads M iscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing T ons Stone building T on Stone crusheds T extile products N apkins Bushels Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen li APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Hav Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs T a K iAn d b quantity and value o f articles produced in S ta te p r is o n s b y State system and institution l e C o n O to C A L IF O R N IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value state prison at folsom continued W ood products Boxes M illw o r k W ood fuel M iscellaneou s Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Dried fruits and vegetables Each 110 Cases P oun ds STATE PRISON AT SAN QUENTIN T otal Clothing Aprons Dozen Coats work D ozen Gloves and mittens D oz pr Hats and caps D ozen Overalls Dozen Pajamas and n ig h tgow n s Dozen Pants w o rk Dozen Shirts work Dozen Shoes new Pairs Shoes repaired Pairs Suits Each Underwear men s and boys Dozen Uniforms Each Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Each Construction Major repairs to roads M ile s M ile s Construction Roads Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Head Cattle PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds H ead Pounds l c l Pounds Head 251 Each Each Each Each Each i i Each Each Pieces Each Each Tons Dozen l G Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture W ood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets filing Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Repairs Shelving Stools Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Textiles Bags jute Twine Miscellaneous jute products Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Boxes Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table CO T a A K in d b quantity and value o f articles produced in State prison s b y State system and institution Continued l e O C A L IF O R N IA Continued AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE INSTITUTION FOR WOMEN Total Clothing Aprons Coats dress Dresses Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef d r e s s e d Cattle M ilk w h o le Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Textile products Flags Dozen Each Each Dozen 3 Pounds Head Pounds Dozen Pounds H ead Each COLORADO Total ALL INSTITUTIONS Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value See footnotes at end o f table MO C APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pants work Dozen Dozen Shirts dress Shirts work Dozen Shoes repaired Pairs Suits Each Uniforms Each Miscellaneous Clothing knit H osiery Doz pr Dozen Underwear Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Each Farm Cattle Beef d ressed Pounds Cattle Head Farm Hairy Beef dressed Pounds Butter Pounds Cattle Head Milk whole Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Hay Tons Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Farm Miscellaneous Lambs Head Livestock Wool Pounds Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Each Each Pillows Metal products Auto license t a g s Each Repairs Signs Each Tags miscellaneous6 Each Quarrying and rock crushing Sand and gravel Tons Stone building Tons Stone crushed Tons Soap and other detergents Soap Pounds Soap liquid Gallons O Ox T able A K in d quantity arid value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system ami institution Continued o c CO L O R A D O C on tinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value all institutions continued 24 Hooked rugs Dozen Dozen Sheets Towels Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Tobacco smoking and chewing Miscellaneous Total STATE PENITENTIARY Clothing other than knit Aprons Dozen Coats dress Each Hats and caps Dozen Overalls Dozen Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Each Pants dress Dozen Pants work Dozen Shirts dress Shirts work Dozen Shoes repaired Pairs Each Suits Uniforms Each Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr Underwear Dozen M iscellaneous Each Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds il II Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 19 40 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Milk whole Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Tons Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products E g g s Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Total STATE REFORMATORY See footnotes at end of table Tons Tons Pounds Gallons Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases Pounds Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Pounds Head APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Metal products Auto license tags Repairs signs Signs Tags miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone building Stone crushed Soan and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textile products Hooked rugs Pillowcases Sheets Towels Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Tobacco chewing and smoking Miscellaneous C O T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued O 00 COLORADO Continued AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value state reformatory Continued Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Miscellaneous Lambs Wool Quarrying and rock crushing Sand and gravel Stone building Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Pounds Pounds Head Pounds 7 34 Head Pounds Head Pounds Tons Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen C O N N E C T IC U T ALL IN STITU TION S Total Clay cement and stone products Concrete posts Clothing Coats work Dresses Overalls 392 Each Dozen Each Dozen Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Dozen Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Dozen Dozen Each Pounds S S Each Each Each D ozenPounds Each Dozen D ozenDozen Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed i Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Wood Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Filing cases Repairs Tables Tavern fixtures Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Highway markers D o Each Each Each See footnotes at end o f table O O T a A K i n d b quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system l e and institution Continued o C O N N EC TIC U T Continued ALL U n it Q u a n tity a n d v alu e of articles p ro d u c e d u n d e r each sy ste m P u b lic w o rk s an d w ay s S ta te use Q u a n tity V alue Q u a n tity V alue S ta te a cco u n t Q u a n tity Piece price Q u a n tity V alue in s t it u t io n s c o n tin u e d O th e r m an u fa c tu re d p ro d u cts C an n ed fru its a n d vegetables D o M iscellaneous C a s e s STATE PRISON AND FARM FOR WOMEN 66 C lo th in g D resses M isc e lla n e o u s F arm D a iry B u tte r C re a m M ilk sk im m e d M ilk w h o le F arm F ield crops a n d g ard en P o tato es M iscellaneous F arm P o u ltry a n d p o u ltry p ro d u c ts E g g s P o u ltry dressed T ex tile p ro d u c ts P illow cases Sheets M iscellaneous O th e r m a n u fa c tu re d products C an n e d fru its a n d vegetables 9 E ach 10 P ounds P ounds Pounds P ounds 15 B u sh e ls 3 D ozen P ounds D ozen D ozen T o ta l STATE PRISON T o ta l C lay cem en t a n d sto n e products C oncrete p o sts E a c h V alue PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES In s titu tio n an d articles prod u ced A v er age num ber of T o tal p ris oners em ployed Q u a n tity V alue Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each 45 Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds See footnotes at end o f table Dozen Dozen Each 23 Cases STATE REFORMATORY Total Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Pounds Head Pounds C Pounds Head Pounds 34 Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Pounds i 294 r il APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Coats work Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work T Shirts work Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay r Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Sheets Towels Wood products Highway markers Do Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Miscellaneous T a K in d b A quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued l e to C O N N E C T IC U T Continued Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value state reformatory continued Furniture W ood Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Filing cases Repairs Tables Tavern fixtures and accessories Miscellaneous Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Each Each Each Each Each Each Each DELAWARE Total ALL INSTITUTIONS Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clothing Aprons Coats work Children s playsuits Dresses Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants w o rk Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired 183 Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITER STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Uniforms Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Each Pounds Construction Land 5 080 development Fodder P o r k dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs P o u ltr y dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Farm hands hired out Furniture Wood Repairs Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Textile products Bags cloth Labor only Pillowcases Sheets Towels M iscellaneous Wood products Lumber Wood fuel Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end of table Bushels Bushels 5 Freed Pounds 2 Dozen Pounds Head Faeh Faeh 1 6 Cases C Dozen B d ft Dozen Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Bushels Pounds Pounds Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs TTngs T a A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in b l e State p rison s b y State system a n d institution Continued DE L A W ABE Continued Unit SUSSEX COUNTY TEISON Total Construction Buildings Construction Land development Farm C a ttle Cattle Beef dressed Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Fodder Hay Potatoes W heat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Wood products Wood fuel 70 Each Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Brooms brushes Clothing Aprons Coats work D resses and mops Brooms Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Dozen Dozen Eaeh Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Dozen Public works and ways State use Piece price Quantity Value 1940 NEW CASTLE COUNTY WORKHOUSE Total Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value DozenDozen DozenPairs Dozen Each DozenPounds Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Tons Bush els Head Pounds 3 y C Dozen Dozen Dozen Bd ft Cases Each Each Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits play Uniforms Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Miscellaneous Farm hands hired out Furniture W ood Repairs Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Textile products Bags cloth Labor only Pillowcases Sheets Towels Wood products Lumber Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end o f table r Oi T a K i An d b quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution l e C o n o DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Unit D C PENAL INSTITUTIONS Dozen Dozen M Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen 21 Quantity Value Quantity Value Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Public works and ways State use Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Repairs Shirts work Shoes repaired S u i t s Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Uniforms M iscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Underwear Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Construction Miscellaneous State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value t Beef dressed Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Pounds Head Pounds pounds pounds Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Field crops and garden Bushels Corn field Tons Ensilage B ay Tons Bushels Oats Potatoes Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pounds Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live Head Furniture Other than metal or wood Each Mattresses Each Pillows Laundry Commercial Pounds Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Each Auto license tags Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Pounds Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Each Miscellaneous Textile products Dozen Bags cloth Covers mattress Each Curtains Pairs Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen Tablecloths Each Tents Each Dozen Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned Cases fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end of table 1 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued 00 FLORIDA Unit STATE PRISON Total Clothing Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Construction Buildings Construction Land development Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Major repairs to roads Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Cotton Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Metal products Auto license tags Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Insecticides and disinfectants Shoe leather tanned 2 423 Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Pounds Pounds Bushels Bales Tons Pounds D ozen Pounds Each Each Each Pounds Gallons Cases Gallons S q ft Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity I 951 Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Tobacco smoking and chewing I Pounds I I Miscellaneous I I GEORGIA Total STATE PRISON SYSTEM See footnotes at end of table 3 222 Each DozenDozen DozenDozen Pounds H ead Bales Bushels Pounds Pounds Dozen Pounds 178 Each Each C 9 9 Each Each Each Each 75 APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clay cement and stone products Concrete blocks Concrete pipe Clothing Aprons Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Cotton Peanuts Tobacco Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Filing cabinets Repairs Tables Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Highway guard rails Printing and binding Miscellaneous CO T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system QO O ant institution Continued GEORGIA Continued AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value state prison system continued Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Creosoted posts Lumber Turpentine Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Dehydrated vegetables Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Bd ft Cases Pounds IDAHO STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Shoes new Shoes repaired Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Cattle Cream Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Hay Oats Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pairs Pairs Each Head Pounds Pounds Tons Bushels Head Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value oO 0 O0 1 Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Wood products Lumber Wood fuel Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables ILLIN O IS ALL IN STITUTIONS Total See footnotes at end o f table Dozen Dozen Each M Each Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen l 0 8 i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Mops Clay cement and stone products Brick Concrete blocks Concrete pipe Concrete posts Miscellaneous Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats d re s s Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Rompers boys Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Underwear Construction Buildings T a b l e A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued to IL L IN O IS C ontinued Public works and ways Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value State use Quantity Value Quantity Value ALL institutions continued Construction Major repairs to buildings Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm D a iry Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Sorghum Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Lard Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Benches Bnrea is chiffoniers etc Cabinets Pounds Head Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Gallons Tons Bushels Head Pounds Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Each Construction Miscellaneous State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 404 Each Each Pieces Tons Tons Pounds Gallons Sq y d Sq y d Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Dozen Each Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Chairs Desks Filing cases Tables Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Fiber articles Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Signs Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Do Galvanized ware Do Sheet metal work Tinware Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textiles Cotton yard goods light Woolen yard goods Textile products Bags cloth Bags tobacco Flags Flags danger Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Tablecloths Ticks mattress Ticks pillow Towels Miscellaneous See footnotes at end o f table 00 CO 00 T a b l e A K ind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons by State system and institution Continued IL L IN O IS C ontinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value ALL institutions continued Wood products Lum ber Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Disinfectants Gallons Snow fence Tobacco smoking and chewing Pounds Miscellaneous STATE PENITENTIARY Total M Each Each Dozen Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Clay cement and stone products Brick Concrete blocks Concrete posts Miscellaneous Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and m it t e n s Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Rompers boys Shirts dj ess Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys State account PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous T Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds See footnotes at end of table Pounds Bushels 47 Bushels Bushels Head 18 3 Pounds Each Eanh Eanh Each Eanh Eanh Eanh Eanh 18 5 Eanh Eanh 16 Pounds Gallons Sq yd Sq yd Eanh Tons Tons APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs I Poultry Furniture Metal Beds Chairs Furniture Wood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davnnpnrts sofas ntn Desks Fiber articles Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Miscellaneous Metal products Galvanized ware Tinware Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone crushed Soaps and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textiles Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods T able A Kind quantity ant value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued 00 05 IL L IN O IS C ontinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity State account Quantity Value Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Textile products Bags cloth Bags tobacco Flags danger Mop heads Mattress ticks Pillowcases Pillow ticks Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Disinfectants Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Gallons i STATE PENITENTIARY MENARD BRANCH 1 013 Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Mops Clay cement and stone products Concrete blocks Concrete pipe Concrete posts Clothing other than knit Labor only Shoes repaired Clothing knit Hosiery Underwear Construction Major repairs to buildings 50 Each 12 Pairs Doz pr Dozen Dozen D ozenEach Each Quantity Value 1940 Total Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats w o rk Handkerchiefs Hats and c ap s Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys See footnotes at end of table Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Gallons Head Pounds Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Tons Tons Pounds Dozen Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk w h o le Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field T l Ensilage Hay r Potatoes Sorghum Miscellaneous Farm Hogs H ogs Lard Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs r Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Desks Tables M iscella n eou s Metal products Tinware Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Textile products Mopheads Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Tobacco smoking and chewing STATE PENITENTIARY PONTIAC BRANCH Total T able A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 fry State system and institution Continued 00 IL L IN O IS C ontinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Quantity Value Value STATE PENITENTIARY PO TIAC BRANCH CO N n Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Tons Head Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each 166 Pieces 45 Dozen l i 6 i Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Straw Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Metal Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Chairs D esks Filing cases Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Signs Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Do Galvanized ware Sheet metal work Textile products Bags cloth State account PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pillowcases Sheets Tablecloths Each Towels Miscellaneous Snow fence STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total STATE FARM Clothing Labor only Shoes repaired Pairs Construction Buildings Each See footnotes at end of table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing A prons Dozen Dresses Handkerchiefs Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Shirts work Underwear women s and children s Dozen Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Com field Bushels Hay Tons Oats Bushels Miscellan eon s Farm Hogs Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Each Flags Dozen Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Each Tablecloths Towels Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables CO CD O T a b l e A K ind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued IL L IN O IS C ontinued AverUnit State use Quantity Value STATE farm continued Pounds Head Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels BushelsTons Bushels Head Pounds Pounds cJ Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs H ogs Lard Pork dressed Farm Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Public faorks and ways PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value IN D IA N A Total ALL INSTITUTIONS Dozen Dozen Each M Each Each Each Each DozenDozen Each D ozen E ach Doz pr DozenDozen EachDozen EachDozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Each Each Pounds Pounds Head Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Brooms brushes and m ops Brooms Brushes Mops Clay cement and stone products Brick Building tile Concrete blocks Concrete pipe Concrete posts Drain tile Miscellaneous Clothing Aprons Children s playsuits Coats dress Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Uniforms Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table CO T able A K in d C O quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued to IN D IA N A C ontinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity Value ALL institutions continued S r n l Farm Field crops and garden 308 Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons Fodder H a y Tons Labor o n l y Potatoes Bushels Straw Tons W h e a t Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs 24 Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Dozen E g g s Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live Head Farm Miscellaneous LivestockHead Miscellaneous Furniture Metal 4 Beds Each Miscellaneous Furniture Wood 230 B e d s Each Each Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Each Chairs Each Each Davenports sofas etc Desks Each Repairs Tables Each Miscellaneous PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each Each Barrels 2 154 Each Each Each Each Pieces Pieces Pieces Pieces Pieces Gallons Each Each Each Tons Tons Tons Pounds Gallons Sq yd Each Yards Sq yd Yards S q yd i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Miscellaneous Grain mill products Flour Labor only Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Metal Products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Repairs Signs Tags miscellaneous Miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Do Galvanized ware Iron hollow ware Tinware Do Miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textiles Blanketing wool Blankets Cotton yard goods heavy Cotton yard goods light Do Wool yard goods See foo tn o te s a t end o f table C O CO SO T a b l e A K in d quantity a ic value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued IN D IA N A C ontinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value all institutions continued Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Each Each B d ft Pounds Pounds Cases Pounds Pounds Pounds STATE REFORMATORY Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes M ops C s i Dozen Dozen Each Value 1940 Textile products Bags cloth Flags Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Baskets willow Boxes Hickory p oles Lumber W illow Other manufactured products Beef dressed Canned fruits and vegetables Do Deodorants and disinfectants Labor only Lard Pork dressed Tobacco smoking and chewing Miscellaneous Quantity PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Clay cement and stone products Miscellaneous Clothing Coats dress Hats and caps See footnotes at end o f table Dozen Each Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Each Each Dozen Each Pounds Head Pounds 52 Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels 5 Head Pounds 1 Head Coats work Each Each Each Each Each Each Each APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Labor only Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hoes Hogs Pork dressed Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Miscellaneous Furniture Wood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas e t c Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Each CO Ox C D T able A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 fey State system and institution Continued oa INDIANA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value Piece price State account Quantity Quantity Value state reformatory continued Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Miscellaneous Grain mill products Flour Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Castings miscellaneous Galvanized ware Iron hollow ware Tinware Tinware miscellaneous Miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Stone crushed Textiles Blanketing wool Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Textile products Bags cloth Flags Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Each Each Barrels Pieces Pieces Pieces Pieces Gallons Each Each Tons Tons Tons Sq yd Sq yd Sq yd Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen j ii Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Wood products Lumber Bd ft Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Labor only canning Miscellaneous STATE PRISON Total See footnotes at end o f table Each Dozen Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each DozenEach Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds D ozenPounds Head Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clay cement and stone products Concrete blocks Concrete pipe Miscellaneous Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts w ork Shoes new Suits Underwear men s and boys Uniforms Miscellaneous Construction B uildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products E gg s Poultry dressed Poultry live i 7 248 co CO T a ble A K ind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued 00 INDIANA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Total Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Piece price State account Quantity Value state prison continued Furniture M e ta l Beds Furniture Wood Benches Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Repairs Signs Tags miscellaneous Miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Tinware Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textiles Blankets Cotton yard goods heavy Cotton yard goods light Each Each Each Each Each EachEach Each Each Each 154 Each Each PiecesEach Each Pounds Gallons Each Yards Yards Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of pris oners em Textile products Dnzfvn Bags cloth Each Flags Pillowcases Each Each Each Spreads Other manufactured products Labor only canning Miscellaneous 84 Pounds Total Clothing Aprons Children s play suits Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Labor only Pajamas and nightgowns Repairs Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Textile products Miscellaneous STATE FARM Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clay cement and stone products Brick Building tile Concrete pipe Concrete posts Drain tile Clothing Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Underwear men s and boys See footnotes at end o f table HO Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen M Each Each Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen i L APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES women s prison C O C O 100 T a b l e A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued INDIANA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity STATE farm continued Each Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Butter Pounds Cattle Head Pounds Milk whole M iscellaneou s Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Tons Fodder corn Tons Hay Tons Potatoes Bushels Straw Tons Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Head Farm Poultry and poultry products Dozen Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Each Beds Each Benches Each Bureaus chiffoniers e t c Each Chairs Davenports sofas etc Each Repairs Each Tables Miscellaneous Grain mill products Flour Barrels Labor only Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Tons Stone crushed Tons Textile products Pillowcases Dozen Pounds i Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Bd ft Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds IOWA ALL INSTITUTIONS Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Clothing other than k n it Aprons Belts leather Coats dress Coats work Dresses Gloves an d mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Labor o n ly Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired S uits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Uniforms Miscellaneous See footnotes at end o f table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each M l APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Baskets willow Boxes Hickory poles Lumber Willow Other manufactured products Beef dressed Canned fruits and vegetables Lard Pork dressed Miscellaneous h 1 O T a b l e A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons fey State system emd institution Continued O to IOW A Con tinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Quantity Value all institutions continued Doz pr Dozen Dozen Construction Buildings Construction Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Do Head Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Pounds Butter Cattle Cheese Pounds Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons Hay Tons Molasses Gallons Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Bye Bushels Strawberries Bushels Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live Head Hosiery L Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1040 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value See footnotes at end o f table Head Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Tons Tons Tons Pounds Gallons Sq yd Sq yd Sq yd Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen C O V O CO 0 i 5 APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Miscellaneous Farm miscellaneous Farm hands hired out Livestock Furniture Wood Beds Breakfast se ts Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs l Desks Ottomans Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Signs I Tags miscellaneous Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Miscellaneous soap products Textiles Cotton yard goods light Duck and canvas Wool yard goods Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Flags Mopheads Pillowcases Rugs rag Sheets Spreads Towels Washcloths Miscellaneous T a b l e A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system an d institution Continued O IOWA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value ALL institutions continued 59 0 Total THE MEN S REFORMATORY Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Handkerchiefs Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Suits Underwear men s and boys U niform s M iscell an em 1s Construction Buildings Construction Miscellaneous Dozen Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Cattle 106 Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Each 9 38 25 Pounds Pounds Head Farm D airy Beef dressed Butter Quantity Value 1940 Shirts w ork Shoes repaired CO C O Cases Do Insecticides deodorants and related chemical compounds Miscellaneous Piece price PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value i I to I Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Molasses Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs T Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Pounds Dozen T w Each Each EachEach EachEach Tons Tons Tons Pounds Gallons Cases TABLES Dozen DozenDozen A G E N E R A L Total Bushels Tons T o n s Gallons Bushels Bushels A P P E N D IX Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Tags miscellaneous Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Miscellaneous soap products Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Insecticides deodorants and related chemical compounds Pounds Pounds STATE PENITENTIARY Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes See footnotes at end o f table Dozen Dozen O Or A K in d 106 T able quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued IOWA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Clothing other than knit Aprons Belts leather Coats w o r k Gloves and mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hoisery Sweaters Underwear Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Do Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage F ay T Potatoes Rye Straw berries Dozen Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels li Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Bushels Farm Hogs women s reformatory T otal See footnotes at end of table Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Dozen Eggs Pounds Poultry dressed Head Poultry live Miscellaneous Farm Miscellaneous Farm hands hired out Furniture Wood Each Beds Each Breakfast sets Each Bureaus chiffoniers etc Each Chairs Each Desks Each Ottomans Each Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Each Mattresses Each Pillows Repairs Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light Sq yd Duck and canvas Sq yd Sq y d Wool yard goods Miscellaneous Textile products Mopheads Dozen Pillowcases Dozen Each Rugs rag Dozen Sheets Each Spreads Towels Dozen W ashcloths Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Miscellaneous Clothing Aprons Dresses Pajamas and nightgowns Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued O 00 IOWA Continued Quantity and value of articles produced under each system AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Quantity Value U N IT E D S T A T E S Miscellaneous 18 THE IN 1 LABOR women s reformatory continued Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Head Cattle Farm Dairy Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons Hay Tons Oats Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products E g g s Dozen dressed Poultry Pounds Poultry live Head Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Head Textile products Flags Each Dozen Pillowcases Sheets Dozen Dozen Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Value P R IS O N Institution and articles produced num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value KANSAS ALL INSTITUTIONS M Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Bushels Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Head Pounds TABLES Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds A G E N E R A L Pounds Dozen Each A P P E N D IX Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing Aprons Children s playsuits Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirtsj dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Uniforms Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Miscellaneous Cordage Binder twine Farm D airy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Labor only Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Total See footnotes at end o f table O CO able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued 110 T KANSAS Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value ALL institutions continued Farm Poultry and poultry products E g g s Dozen 1 808 Poultry l i v e Head 617 Turkeys live Head 676 Furniture Wood P Bureaus chiffoniers etc Each 99 Each Chairs Desks Each Repairs 9 5 Tables Each Metal products Tags highway markers and 50 signs Each Auto license tags Each Highway markers Mining C o a l Tons Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth D ozen36 Dozen 15 450 Bags tobacco Dozen Pillowcases Repairs Sheets Dozen 1 461 Towels Dozen Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Harness S ets Do Leather products miscellaneous Repairs leather smoking and chewing 44 640 Tobacco Pounds h h Miscellaneous Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value STATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY 170 Total See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Each Each Each Each Each o Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Wood Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Printing and binding Miscellaneous T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued to KANSAS Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE INDUSTRIAL REFORMATORY COn Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Harness Do Leather products miscellaneous Repairs Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen l Pieces Sets STATE PENITENTIARY 817 Total Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing Aprons Children s play suits Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Labor only r Overalls Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Uniforms Construction Buildings Cordage Binder twine Farm Dairy Cattle Dozen Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen DozenPairs Pairs Dozen E ach Pounds Head Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds Hay Labor only Potatoes Bushels Tons Bushels Head Hogs Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Head Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases 52 Pounds STATE INDUSTRIAL FARM FOR WOMEN Total Clothing Dresses Each Labor only Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry live Head Textile products Repairs Miscellaneous APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Mining Coal Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Bags tobacco Pillowcases Sheets Towels M iscellaneous Wood products Lumber M iscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Harness Repairs leather Tobacco smoking and chewing Farm Field crops and garden See footnotes at end o f table CO T a b le A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued KENTUCKY Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity ALL INSTITUTIONS Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen 5 53 Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Head Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Value Quantity Value 1940 Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Mops Clothing Aprons i Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and c a p s Labor only Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s M iscella n eou s Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Piece price PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber ol Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value 2 Barrels Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Tons C lothing A prons Coats dress Coats w ork H ats and naps T a bor on ly Overalls Pajam as and nightgow ns Pants dress Pants w ork Shirts w ork Shoes repaired Underwear m en s and h o y s M iseellaneous Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Milk whole Dozen Dozen Eaeh Dozen Dozen Pairs Dozen Head F arm F ield e rop sa n d garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Dozen Each Dozen Dozen M iseellaneous Farm H ogs Pounds Bushels Tons Bushels Head Farm Miscellaneous Metal products Auto license tags Each Highway markers Each Repairs to signs Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Tons See footnotes at end o f table Oil APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES STATE REFORMATORY F O i able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system o W institution Continued 116 T KENTUCKY Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE REFORMATORY Continued Textile products Bags c lo th Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen T ow els Dozen Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Grain mill products Corn meal Head Pounds Faeh E ach Barrels P o rk dressed F u rn itu re O th e r th a n m e ta l o r wood M attresses P illow s Dozen Each Pounds Head Pounds ST AT E S Hogs Value U N IT E D Miscellaneous F a rm H ogs Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Mops Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Suits Underwear men s and boys Construction Buildings F a rm D a iry Beef dressed C a ttle M ilk w hole F a rm F ield e ro p s a n d garden Quantity THE STATE PENITENTIARY Total Piece price PRISO N LABOR IN Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value T extile products P illow cases Dozen S eets Dozen h Tow els D ozen M iscellaneous STATE REFORMATORY WOMEN D ozen E ach D ozen D ozen D ozen D ozen LOUISIANA STATE PENITENTIARY Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Mops Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Miscellaneous Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Butter Milk whole See footnotes at end of table Head Pounds Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Total C lothing Aprons D resses P ajam an nightgow as d ns R epairs U derw w en s an ch n ear om d ildren s Farm F crop an gard ield s d en M iscellaneous Textile products i S eets h Towels M iscellaneous T a b l e A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued oo LOUISIANA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system State use Quantity Value Public works and ways Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels Crates Tons Bushels Head Each Barrels Tons Pounds Each Gallons Pounds Dozen Dozen Bd ft Pounds Cases Pounds Pounds I Y fill Quantity Value 1940 Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes white Potatoes sweet Radishes Sugarcane Tomatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Furniture Other than metal or w o o d Mattresses Grain mill products Corn meal Feed stock Grits Metal products Auto license tags Pliga r Cane syrup PAT Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Other manufactured products Beef dressed Canned fruit and vegetables Pnrlr dressed Tobacco smoking and chewing Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value MAINE ALL IN STITUTIONS Total M Dozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Pounds Pounds Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each Each II I I Each V APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing Aprons Coats dress Dresses Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overcoats Pants dress Pants w o rk Shirts w o rk Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs S ee f o o t n o t e s a t e n d o f t a b le CD T able A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1910 by State system and institution Continued to O MAINE Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Value all institutions continued 40 Each Each Each Pieces Each Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each i V Pieces Sets Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes I Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Boxes M iscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Harness Do Repairs harness Miscellaneous leather g o o d s STATE PRISON Total Clothing Dozen Aprons Coats dress Each Hats and caps Dozen i to Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Suits Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Each Pounds See footnotes at end o f table Dozen P oun ds Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces 0 Each Each Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs I Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture W ood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Textile products other than clothing Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Miscellaneous Wood products Boxes Each EachDozen Dozen Each to T able A K ind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued fcO to MAINE Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value state prison continued Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do Repairs harness Miscellaneous leather goods Total 42 Pieces Sets STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN M Tons Tons Bushels 18 1 Pounds Dozen Pounds i Pounds Pounds STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total Clothing Aprons Coats dress Dresses Dozen Each Each Value 1940 Clay cement and stone products Brick Farm Dairy Beef dressed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Miscellaneous Quantity PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Dozen Dozen Pounds Tons Bushels Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen C M A RYLAN D ALL INSTITUTIONS Total See footnotes at end o f table Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Clothing other than knit Aprons Children s play suits Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Repairs Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen C APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Handkerchiefs Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous fcO CO T able A K in d q u a n t i t y and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued MARYLAND Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value 0 Quantity State account Quantity Piece price Value all institutions continued Clothing knit Hosiery Sweaters Underwear Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Ice cream Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Bureaus chiffoniers etc Miscellaneous Doz pr Dozen Dozen M iles Miles Head Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Gallons Pounds Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each I Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each Each Each Each Each Each Pounds Gallons Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Cases Gallons Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Tons Tons 0 Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Furniture W ood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Chairs upholstered Davenports sofas etc Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Signs Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Beetle traps Repairs to beetle traps Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Soap and Other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Boxes paper Canned fruits and vegetables Deodorants and disinfectants Floor wax Repairs miscellaneous Tobacco smoking and chewing See footnotes at end of table to Oi T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued fcO C MARYLAND Continued Unit HOUSE O CORRECTION F Total STATE PENITENTIARY Total Brooms brushes and m ops Brooms Dozen Brushes Dozen oi oi Quantity Value Quantity Public works and ways State use Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Clothing Coats work Dozen Labor only Pants work Dozen Shoes repaired Pairs Underwear men s and boys Dozen Construction Major repairs to roads M iles Miles Construction Roads Farm D a ir y Beef dressed Pounds Milk whole Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Potatoes Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Pounds Laundry commercial Soap and other detergents Soap Pounds Gallons Soap liqu id Textile products Sheets Dozen Towels Dozen Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Deodorants and disinfectants Gallons Floor wax Tobacco smoking and chewing Pounds Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value See footnotes at end of table DozenDozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen DozenEach DozenE ach DozenDozen Dozen Pairs Pairs EachDozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each t Each Each Each Each Each Each Each APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing other than knit Aprons Children s playsuits Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Repairs Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Sweaters Underwear Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Bureaus chiffoniers etc Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Chairs upholstered Davenports sofas etc Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Signs Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Beetle traps Repairs to beetle traps Miscellaneous to 128 T a b l e A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued MARYLAND Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value state penitentiary continued Printing and binding Envelopes Each Letterheads Miscellaneous Textile Bags cloth Dozen Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Boxes paper Each Repairs miscellaneous state penal farm Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Butter Cattle C ream Ice cream Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Head Pounds Head Pounds Gallons Pounds Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels Q C Head Pounds Quantity Value Total Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry Farm Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Dozen Tons Tons Cases MASSACHUSETTS Brooms brushes and m ops Brushes Do Clay cement and stone products Cemetery vaults Concrete pipe Concrete posts Grave markers Miscellaneous Clothing other than k n i t Aprons Bathrobes Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Leather articles miscellaneous Neckties Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Vests Miscellaneous Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Q APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES ALL INSTITUTIONS T o ta l See footnotes at end of table CO T a b l e A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued CO o MASSACHUSETTS Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity State account Quantity Value Piece price Value all institutions continued Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Doz pr Value 1940 Gloves and mittens Hosiery Underwear M iscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Metal Beds Cabinets Lockers Shelving Tables Wastebaskets Furniture Wood Bureaus chiffoniers etc Bookcases Chairs Costumers Quantity PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value i Castings Galvanized ware Do Tinware Do Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Textiles Blanket Cloths mop polish etc Cotton yard goods light Gauze bandage Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Yarn wool Miscellaneous Textile products Bags canvas laundry Flags Pillowcases Repairs Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Wood fuel Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table Dozen E achDozen Dozen EachDozen o Each Pounds Sq yd Pounds Sq y d Pounds Pounds Pounds Each Each Pieces Pounds Pieces A P P E N D I X A G E N E R A L T A B L E S Davenports sofas e tc Each Desks Each Repairs Tables Each Venetian blinds Each Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Each Pillows Each Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Each Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Each Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware Pieces CO T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued CO to MASSACHUSETTS Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value ALL institutions continued Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do r Trunks laundry canvas 17 Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Head Pounds Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Each Each Each Each Each o Value 1940 REFORMATORY FOR MEN T ota l Clothing Cents dress Cents work Hats and ca p s Neckties Overcoats Pants work Pants dress Shirts work Underwear men sand boys Vests men s Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Perk dressed Furniture Wood Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers ate Chairs Costumers Davenports sofas etc Cases Quantity P R I S O N L A B O R IN T H E U N I T E D STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Desks Tables Miscellaneous Textiles Blankets Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Yam cotton Yam wool Miscellaneous Wood products Wood fuel Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables jsacn Each Each Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen EachDozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Doz pr Pounds Pounds EachDozen li 36 Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pounds Head V AP P E N D I X A G E N E R A L TABLES REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total Clothing other than knit Aprons Bathrobes Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Pajamas and nightgowns Shirts work Underwear men sand boys Underwear women sand children s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Farm Dairy Butter Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live baby chicks Textile products Flags Pillowcases Repairs Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end of table CO CO T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prison s b y State system and institution Continued CO MASSACHUSETTS Continued Unit STATE PRISON Total 235 Value Each Each 108 Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value Dozen Each Dozen Pairs Doz pr Dozen Quantity Public works and ways Each Each Pounds Each Each Pounds Pounds 1940 Dozen State use Clothing other than knit Coats work Leather articles miscellaneous Overalls Overcoats Pants work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Vests men s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Gloves and mittens Underwear Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Textiles Cloths mop polish etc Gauze bandage Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value STATE PRISON COLONY Total Dozen Each Each See footnotes at end o f table Pounds Pounds 23 Tons Tons Bushels 3 Pounds Dozen dressed Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each G G G G G G G G G G 385 G G G G 198 G Each Each Each G G G APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES Suits Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry Furniture Metal Beds Cabinets storage Lockers Shelving Tables Wastebaskets Furniture W ood Chairs Repairs Venetian blinds Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Each Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Each 1 567 G 236 Do Oi T able A Kind quantity amZ va ae of articles produced in Stateprisons 1940 fey State system an Z institution Continued CO 05 MASSACHUSETTS Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value state prison colony continued Laundry commercial Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware D o Galvanized ware D o Tinware D o Miscellaneous Textile products Bags canvas laundry Miscellaneous Wood products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Trucks laun dry canvas Pieces Pieces Pieces 4 Dozen Each STATE FARM Total Farm Dairy Beef dressed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Pounds Pounds Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds i l c Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each Each Pounds Pounds Sq yd Sq yd Cases MICHIGAN Total ALL INSTITUTIONS Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Dozen Brushes Dozen Clay cement and stone products Each Concrete blocks Miscellaneous Clothing other than knit Dozen Aprons Coats work Dozen Dresses Each Gloves and mittens Doz pr Handkerchiefs Dozen Dozen Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Dozen Overcoats Each Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Pants dress Each Pants work Dozen Shirts dress Dozen Shirts work Dozen Shoes new Pairs Shoes repaired Pairs Suits Each Underwear men s and boys Dozen Underwear women s and children s Dozen Each Uniforms Miscellaneous Clothing knit Doz pr Hosiery Underwear Dozen Construction Buildings Each Cordage Binder twine Pounds See footnotes at end o f table A P P E N D I X A G E N E R A L T A B L E S Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Laundry commercial Soap and other detergents Soap Textiles Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables T a A K in d quantity b l va w o articles produced e e in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued CO oo M IC H IG A N Continued Pounds Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels H e a d Pounds D ozen Pounds Head Each Each Each Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Value Quantity Value Piece price Quantity State account Quantity Value 1940 all institutions continued Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Clover seed Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Sugar beets Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Cabinets Waste baskets Furniture Wood Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value See footnotes at end of table Each EachEach EachEach Each Each Pounds E ach Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Cases Pounds Each Each Dozen Each Pieces Each Sq yd Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Each Each Pounds Gallons APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware Animal cages Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textiles Cotton yard goods light Duck and canvas Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth Flags Do Mattress covers Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Crutches Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do Insecticides deodorants and related chemical compounds Snow fence Tobacco smoking and chewing oo CO T a A K in d b quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued l e M IC H IG A N Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value STATE REFORMATORY Total Clothing Aprons Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and n ig h tg o w n s J Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Dozen Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Head Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs E ach Dozen Dozen Head Pounds Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value O 1 Each Each Each Each Each Each 1 Each Pounds Gallons Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen M C 1 l Dozen Pounds Head p 0 STATE PRISON OF SOUTHERN MICHIGAN Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Clothing other than k n it Aprons Coats work Gloves and mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture W ood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Bepairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Textile products Bags cloth Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous W ood products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Insecticides deodorants and related chemical com pounds A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued 14 2 T able MICHIGAN Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE PRISON OF SOUTHERN MICHIGAN COn Clothing other than knit Continued Shoes new Pairs Shoes repaired Pairs Suits Each Each Uniforms Underwear women s and children s Dozen Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr Underwear Dozen Cordage Binder twine Pounds Farm Hairy Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Barley Bushels Cloverseed Bushels Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons Hay Tons Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Straw Tons Sugar beets Tons Wheat Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head dressed Pork Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live Head Farm Miscellaneous m Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Furniture Metal Beds Each Cabinets Each Wastebaskets Each Furniture Other than metal or wood 17 Each Mattresses Metal products Tags highway markers and 134 signs Each Auto license tags Each Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware Pieces cages Animal Each Printing and binding Each Envelopes Letterheads Each Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light Duck aDd canvas Sq yd Wool yard goods Sq yd Yarn cotton Pounds Textile products Flags Mattress covers Each Pillowcases Dozen Dozen Sheets Towels Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Do STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION AND BRANCH PRISON Total Clay cement and stone products Concrete blocks Miscellaneous Clothing Shoes new Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Each Pairs Pounds Pounds Pounds d 3 O o w 5J z H W tr H W tr H c See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table CO T a b le A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued I L It MICHIGAN Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value STATE HOUSE OF CORRECTION AND BRANCH prison continued Farm Poultry and poultry products FggS Poultry dressed Other mftrmfaetnred products Snow fence Tnhn ccn smolrinj and chewing 2 Dozen Pounds Shirts work Shoes repaired Underwear women s and children s Clothing knit Hosiery Farmr Dairy Reef dressed Dozen Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Dozen Doz pr Barley Bushels Corn field Bushels M iscellaneons Farm Field crops and garden Pounds Butter Pounds Cattle Head Cream Pounds Milk skimmed Pounds Milk w h ole Pounds 0 Pounds DETROIT HOUSE OF CORRECTION Total Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats worlr Dresses Gloves and mittens Hats and ceps Overalls Pajamas pod nightgowns Pants work Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Wheat Bushels Farm Hogs Hngs 8 M isee 1 eons fin Furniture Wood Chairs Repairs Tables Total 58 Each Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Cases IONIA STATE HOSPITAL Farm Dairv Beef dressed Cattle Cream Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs P ou ltry dressed Poultry Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels 1 Head Pounds Dozen Pounds i i9i Pounds Head Pounds Pounds live Head See footnotes at end of table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Flags Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels M iseella neons Wood products Crutches Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Pounds l Crc T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued M IN N E S O T A Quantity and value of articles produced under each system AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value AIL INSTITUTIONS Total C c s 3 Quantity Value 1940 Agricultural implements and parts Implements Each Parts Clay cement and stone products Miscella neous Clothing other than knit Aprons Dozen Coats dress Each Coats w ork Dozen Dresses Each Gloves and mittens Doz pr Hats and caps Dozen Labor only Overalls Dozen Overcoats Each Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Pants dress Each Pants w ork Dozen Shirts work Dozen Shoes new Pairs Shoes repaired Pairs Suits Each Underwear men s and boys Dozen Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr Construction Buildings E a c h Cordage Pounds Binder twine Hope Pounds Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED iS TATES Institution and articles produced number of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Buttermilk Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Com field Fodder Potatoes S p read s See footnotes at end of table 101 Bushels Bushels Bushels Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels 12 Head Pounds 9 Each Each IS Tons Dozen Pounds Head l Each Each 44 Each Each Each Tons Tons 15 Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each C A P P E N D IX A G ENER AL TABLES Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Wood Benches Chairs Repairs Tables Venetian blinds Miscellaneous Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying arid rock crushing Gravel Stone building Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Mopheads Napkins Pillowcases Sheets Pounds Pounds Pounds T a b l e A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system arw institution Continued oo M IN N ESO TA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value all institutions continued T extile products C ontinued Tablecloths T ow els Miscellaneous Wood products Millwork Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do Leather products miscellaneous Tobacco smoking and chewing Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Repairs to employees cars Total Each Cases Pieces Pound STATE PRISON Value 1940 Agricultural implements and parts Im p le m e n ts Each Parts Clothing A prons Dozen Each Coats dress Coats work Dozen Gloves and mittens Doz pr Hats and caps Dozen Overalls Dozen Pants dress Each Pants work Dozen Dozen Shirts work Shoes new Pairs Pairs Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Dozen Miscellaneous Quantity PRISiON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds Pounds Pounds Head C 1 Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Dozen DozenDozen Dozen Pounds STATE REFORMATORY See footnotes at end of table Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Total Clay cement and stone products Miscellaneous Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Dozen E ach Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Cordage Binder twine Rope Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Butter Buttermilk Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Rye Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Harm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Tobacco smoking and chewing CO T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued Oi o M IN N ESO TA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value state reformatory continued Clothing other than knit Continued Overalls Dozen Overcoats Each Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Pants dress r Each Pants work Dozen Repairs Dozen Shirts work Dozen Shoes new Pairs Shoes repaired Pairs Suits Each Underwear men s and boys Dozen Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr 2 Construction Buildings Each 49 Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Farm Dairy Butter Pounds Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden 66 Corn field Bushels Tons Ensilage Hay Tons O a t s Bushels Potatoes Bushels Rye Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs H o g s Head Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products 4 Eggs Dozen Poultry Piece price Quantity Value PRISiON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Wood Benches Chairs Repairs Tables Venetian blinds Miscellaneous Printing and binding Bags cloth Mopheads Napkin Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Tablecloths Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Millwork Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Leather products miscellaneous Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Repairs to employees cars Each Each Each Each Each Each Cases Pieces Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Tons Tons Dozen STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total 14 See footnotes at end o f table Each Dozen Each Pounds Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Clothing Coats dress Coats work Dresses Labor only Shirts work Suits Underwear men s and boys M iscel 1 eou s an Farm Dairy Beef dressed Milk whole APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Gravel Stone building Miscellaneous h T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued Or to MINNESOTA Continued AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN COn Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Fodder Hay Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Textile products Bags cloth Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds Dozen MISSISSIPPI STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Pants work Shirts work Underwear men s and boys Farm Cattle Farm Field crops and garden Butterbeans Corn field 2 058 M Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Head Bushels Bushels Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Bales T ons Tons Gallons Bushels Bushels Each Each DozenDozen Head Pounds Pounds MISSOURI Total ALL IN STITUTIONS Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Mops Clothing Aprons Children s playsuits Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous Cordage Binder twine Do Hope See footnotes at end of table 1 424 Dozen Each DozenDozen Each Dozen DozenPieces Dozen Each Dozen DozenDozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Pounds Pounds o APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Cotton Cottonseed Hay Molasses Potatoes Soy beans Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Textile products Pillowcases Towels Other manufactured products Beef dressed Pork dressed O i 00 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s fry State system arac institution Continued Or MISSOURI Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity Value ALL institutions continued Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Head Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Head Cattle Milk whole Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Bushels Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons F o d d e r Tons Tons Hay Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Pounds Tobacco Straw Tons W heat Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hoes Hogs Head dressed Pork Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Pounds Poultry dressed Poultry live Head Furniture Metal Each Cabinets Lockers Each PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 19 40 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value P ie c e s To n s To n s Each Each Each Each Each Each D ozen Each D ozen D ozen Each Each D ozen B d ft C a s e s EachEach Each Each Each Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Furniture Wood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Tags miscellaneous Metal products miscellaneous Stainless steelware Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth Covers mattress Labor only Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Ticks bed Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Wood fuel Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables STATE PENITENTIARY T o t a l B ro o m s b ru sh e s a n d m o p s B r o o m s M o p s C l o t h i n g A p r o n s C h i l d r e n s p l a y s u i t s C o a t s d r e s s See footnotes at end of table D ozen Each D ozen D ozen Each Or Oi T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system araf institution Continued Cn 05 MISSOURI Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Clothing C ontinued Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous Cordage Binder twine Do Rope Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Fodder Hay Potatoes Straw Tobacco Wheat Dozen Dozen Pieces Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Pounds Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Tons Tons Tons Bushels Tons Pounds Bushels Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 19 40 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Head Pounds D ozenPounds Head Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces 1 780 ri Tons Tons Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Bd ft Cases APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Metal Cabinets storage Lockers Furniture Wood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Desks Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Stainless steelware Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth Covers mattress Labor only Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Ticks bed Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Wood fuel Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end o f table Oi T able A K in d q u a n tity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and in stitu tion Continued CR oo MISSOURI Continued Unit INTERMEDIATE REFORMATORY FOR YOUNG MEN Total Construction Buildings Farm D a iry Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes W heat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers e t c Cabinets Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed 172 Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Public works and ways State use Quantity Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Value Tons d I Value Piece price Quantity d Value Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Quantity State account ll Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Average num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value MONTANA STATE PRISON 120 Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pants dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Farm D airy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Hay Oats Potatoes W heat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Metal products Auto license tags Printing and binding Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Textile products Sheets Towels Wood products Wood fuel Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Pairs Dozen Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Pounds 2 Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Total See footnotes at end of table Or CD 160 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prison s 1940 by State system and institution Continued NEBRASKA Unit ALL INSTITUTIONS Dozen Each D ozenEach Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen D ozenPairs Pairs Each D ozenDozen 8 Pounds Pounds H eadPounds Pounds Value 26 Quantity C Quantity Value Value Doz pr Pounds H ead Quantity State account Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Bakery products commercial Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clothing other than knit Coats dress Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk whole Public works and ways State use Total Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON DAB OR IN THE UNITED STATUS Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Totalpris oners em ployed Quantity Value See footnotes at end o f table Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Pounds 7 Pounds Head 1 Head Dozen Dozen Cases Each Each Each Pounds Each Tons Each Each Each Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Alfalfa seed Corn field Ensilage H a y Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs H ogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry iliv e Do Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Furniture Wood Benches Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or w o o d Mattresses Repairs Grain mill products Feed stock Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous I Metal products Miscellaneous Textile products Auto certificate holders Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Miscellaneous Wood products Mill work Other manufactured products Beef dressed Canned fruits and vegetables Do Electricity Insecticides deodorants and related chemical compounds T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued i 1 O NEBRASKA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value ALL institutions continued Other manufactured products Continued Labor only canning Meat products miscellaneous Pork dressed Pounds Repairs harness Tobacco smoking Pounds STATE PENITENTIARY Total Bakery products commercial Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clothing other than knit Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Dozen Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Doz pr Pounds Head Cattle Beef dressed C onstruction M iscellaneous Farm Dairy Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value fcO Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Bushels Pounds Hay Bushels Farm Hogs Hogs Eggs Pounds Pounds 9 STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN Total Clothing Shoes new Pairs Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Head Cattle Farm Dairy Milk whole Pounds Miscellaneous 9 Each Desks Repairs Each Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Each Each Pillows Grain mill products Feed stock Tons Textile products Auto certificate holders Bags cloth Miscellaneous Wood products Mi 1 work 1 Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Electricity Insecticides disinfectants and related chemical compounds Repairs harness Tobacco smoking Pounds See footnotes at end of table l APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Furniture Wood Benches i i CO T able A K in d qu antity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued NEBRASKA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value STATE REFORMATORY FOR MEN Continued Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay r Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry live Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license ta g s Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Labor only c a n n i n g Dozen 32 Each Each Each Cases Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels O STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Clothing Coats dress Dresses Handkerchiefs Pajamas and nightgowns Shirts work Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Value 1940 Total Quantity PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Total Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Dozen Dozen GENOA STATE FARM Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Other manufactured products Beef dressed Canned fruits and vegetables Meat products miscellaneous Pork dressed See footnotes at end o f table Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels DozenHead HeadPounds Cases Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Butter Cream Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Alfalfa seed Corn field Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables T able A K in d quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued O O N E VA D A STATE PRISON Total Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Hay Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Metal products Auto license tags Unit Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Quantity Value State account Quantity Value NEW H A M P S H IR E Olay cement and stone products Concrete pipe Concrete posts Cribbing concrete Construction Buildings Each Farm Cattle Head Farm Dairy Milk whole Pounds i Quantity Value 1940 STATE PRISON Total Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value 13 Head Pounds Each Each Each Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Metal products Auto license tags Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Sand Stone crushed Tons Tons Bakery products commercial Clay cement and stone products Concrete blocks Concrete posts Miscellaneous C lothing Aprons Belts Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Miscellaneous See footnotes at end o f table 1 397 Pounds Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES N E W JERSEY ALL INSTITUTIONS Total T able A K in d quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued O 00 NEW JERSEY Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value all institutions continued 11 Pounds Head Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Head Pounds 5 Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Each Tons Bushels T o n s Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Value Quantity 1 Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Cream Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Beets mangel Corn field Ensilage Hay Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry liv e Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Tables Wastebaskets Miscellaneous Quantity State account PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds 76 Each Each Each Sets 74 Pieces Each Pieces Gallons Each Each Pounds Sq yd Sq yd Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Cases Pounds p See footnotes at end of table Each Each Each Each EachEach Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Furniture W ood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Chairs upholstered Davenports sofas etc Desks Tables Miscellaneous Laundry commercial K Metal products Tags highway markers 2 and signs Auto license tags Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Castings road signs Chains tire Chains miscellaneous Galvanized wire Repairs Tin cans Tinware Miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Textiles Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Baskets fruit Boxes Millwork Stepladders Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Coffee roasted Deodorants disinfectants and related chemical compounds Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Repairs machine work T able A K in d q u a n tity o and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued NEW JERSEY Continued Total Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value STATE PRISON 355 Value Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value Bakery products commercial Pounds Clothing Aprons Dozen Coats w o r k Dozen Hats and caps Dozen 73 Overalls Dozen Overcoats Each 750 Pants work Dozen Shoes n e w Pairs Suits Each Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Benches Each Bureaus chiffoniers etc Each 64 Chairs upholstered Each 4 Desks Each 72 Tables Each 368 Miscellaneous Metal products Auto license tags Each Paint Gallons Printing and binding 6 6 Envelopes Each Letterheads Each 504 000 Miscellaneous 9 Soap and other detergents Soap Pounds Wood products Boxes Each 9 M illwork Pieces 198 Miscellaneous 9 Other manufactured products 9 Coffee roasted Pounds Deodorants disinfectants and related 9 chemical compounds Quantity State account PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity 23 M iscellaneous nonm anufacturing Repairs m achine w o r k STATE PRISON FARM BORDENTOWN Tnta 1 C la y cem ent and stone p r o d u c t s Con nrAta blocks OfmnrAtA pnsts CnnstrnVtinn B uildings F arm D a iry E ach E a c h Pairs E a c h B ushels T on s Tons B u sh els H ea d P ounds E ach Pieces Pieces P oun d s 3 7 P ounds H ead Oil P ou n d s Farm Field crops and garden Corn f i e l d Bushels H a y Tons Bushels Potatoes Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table H ead Pounds P ou n ds STATE PRISON FARM LEESBURG T o t a l B ak ery products com m ercial F a rm C a ttle B eef dressed C attle M iscellaneous F a rm D a ir y M ilk w hole Oil h APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES OattlA Cream M ilk w hole Miscellaneous Farm F ield crops an d garden B eets m angel C orn field Ensilage H ay Potatoes M i s c e ll a n e o u s F arm H ogs H op s P ork dressed F arm M iscellaneous Furniture M e ta l W asteha slrets M e ta l products Calva niy ed ware T in w are M i seel la n eons 168 T able A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued T to N EW JERSEY Continued Public works and ways State use Value STATE REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total Clothing Aprons Coats w o rk Dresses Labor only Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Shirts dress Shirts work Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscftllanenns Farm Hogs Hogs Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pounds Head Pounds Tons Bushels Bushels Head Piece price Quantity state prison farm leesburg continued Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables State account 1940 Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value 0 Quantity Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Laundry commercial Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Pounds STATE REFORMATORY RAHWAY Total Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Pairs Each Head Pounds Pounds Tons 0 Each Pounds Each Each 0 Each Each Each Each Each Each Sets o APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Coats work Overalls Overcoats Pants work Shoes new Suits Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Beef dressed Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Do Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Tables Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Benches Chairs Davenports sofas etc Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Do Chains tire Chains miscellaneous Repairs Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Each Each See footnotes at end of table CO T able A Kind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons i 940 by State system and institution Continued NEW JERSEY Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value STATE REFORMATORY RAHWAY continued Textiles Cotton yard goods light Textile products Bags cloth Wood products Stepladders Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Miscellaneous Sq yd yardSq yd Wool goods Dozen Towels Each Cases II 2 257 Dozen STATE REFORMATORY ANNANDALE Total r 204 Clothing Aprons Belts Coats work Labor only Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Straw Farm Hogs Farm Poultry and poultry products Head Pounds Dozen Each Each Each Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Baskets fruit Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Cases 1 12 NEW MEXICO PENITENTIARY OF NEW MEXICO Total Clav cement and stone products Brick Building tile C l o t h i n g Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pants work Shirts work Underwear men s and boys Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Miscellaneous M Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Pounds Bushels Tons i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Poultry Metal products Tin cans Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Bushels Tons Bushels See footnotes at end o f table 1 Cn T a b l e A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued 0 NEW M EXICO Continued Aver penitentiary of new Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Mexico continued Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Metal products Auto license tags Printing and binding Miscellaneous Pounds Dozen Each Each Q Q NEW YORK Totai ALL INSTITUTIONS 121 Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Mops Clothing other than knit Aprons Bathrobes Coats dress Coats work Dresses Gloves and m ittens Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress i Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners emValue ployed Quantity Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Gloves and mittens Hoisery Underwear Miscellaneous Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Doz pr Doz pr Dozen See footnotes at end o f table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Each Construction Land development Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Head Cattle Pounds Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Apples r Bushels Bushels B arley Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons F o d d e r Tons Hay Tons Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Straw Tons Wheat Bushels Miscellaneous Bushels Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs r Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live Head Miscellaneous Farm Miscellaneous Each Furniture M etal Beds Bedsprings Each Benches Each Cabinets Each Chairs Each Crib sides Each Desks Pairs Document files Each Lockers Each T able A K ind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued NEW Y O R K Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value all institutions continued Furniture Metal Continued Shelving Tables Transfer cases Each W astebaskets Miscellaneous Furniture Wood Benches Each 419 Bureaus chiffoniers etc Each 37 Chairs Each 4 809 Davenports sofas etc Each Desks Each 879 Stools Each Tables Each 1 514 Each Wastebaskets Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood 103 Each 7 249 Mattresses Pillows Each 3 592 Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and 151 signs Auto license tags Each Brackets for signs Each 14 890 Highway markers Each 9 028 Tags dog Each 499 000 Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous 127 Aluminum ware Pieces 30 959 Do 0 Galvanized ware Pieces 31 016 Miscellaneous 0 Printing and binding Each Bookbinding and blhnk books Each Envelopes Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Each Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Textiles Cotton yard goods heavy Cotton yard goods light Duck and canvas Covers mattress Total Sq yd Sq y d Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Pounds Dozen Each Each Each See footnotes at end o f table 120 Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Each Bd ft Cases Barrels Pounds Pounds Each ALBION STATE TRAINING SCH O OL Clothing Aprons Dresses Hats and caps Pajamas and nightgowns Shoes new Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Baskets Handles broom Lumber Mill work Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do Do Coffee roasted Tobacco smoking and chewing Trucks laundry canvas Miscellaneous Tons CO T a K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system b A l e a n institution C d o n Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value ALBION STATE TRAINING SCH O O L continued Farm Field crops and garden Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Tons Bushels Dozen DozenDozen E ach Dozen ATTICA PRISON Total Clothing Aprons Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits M iscellaneous 788 Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen D ozenDozen Pairs Pairs Each State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity 00 o NEW YORK Continued t Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Cabinets Chairs Desks Document files Lockers Shelving Tables Transfer cases Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Repairs Metal products Galvanized ware Miscellaneous Printing and binding MiscellaneousTextiles Cotton yard goods light Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Miscellaneous Pounds Head Pounds Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen 0 0 Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces C Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen J Bd ft APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle calves Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Hay Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Sq yd Pounds ii See footnotes at end of table 00 T a b l e A K ind quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued 00 to NEW YOEK Continued attica prison continued Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Tobacco smoking and chewing Trucks laundry canvas Quantity Value Pounds H eadPounds oJ Bushels Tons Tons H eadPounds Dozen Pounds Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Public works and ways State use Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 AUBURN PRISON Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clothing Aprons Coats work r Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity See footnotes at end of table Pounds Each EachEach Pairs Each Each Each Each EachEach EachEach EachEach 0 EachEach Each Each Sq yd Pounds Dozen Dozen DozenEach Pounds Dozen Dozen DozenDozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Poultry dressed Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Beds Bedsprings Chairs Crib sides Tables Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Tables Wastebaskets Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Auto license tags Brackets for signs Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Textiles Wool yard goods Yarn wool Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Wood products Baskets willow Other manufactured products Tobacco smoking and chewing CLIN TON PRISON Total Clothing Coats work Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Suits Underwear men sand boys Miscellaneous T a bK in d A quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued l e 9 NEW YORK Continued Cl i n t o n p r is o n Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value continued Construction Buildings Each 73 1 Farm Dairy Beef d r e s s e d Pounds Pounds Milk whole 741 195 Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Tons Hay Tons 29 Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Pounds 52 317 Farm Poultry and poultry products 1 Eggs Dozen 2 248 Poultry dressed Pounds 1 669 Textiles Cotton yard goods heavy Sq yd Cotton yard goods light S q yd Duck and canvas Sq yd Yarn cotton Pounds Miscellaneous DANNEMORA STATE HOSPITAL T ota l Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Pairs Dozen Doz pr Tons State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Clothing other than knit Coate dress Hats and caps Overalls Pants dress Shirts work Shoes new Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Clothing knit H o s i e r y Farm Field crops and garden Hay Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED ST AT E S Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity 4 Potatoes Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Bushels 0 Each Each 1 1 Dozen Dozen Dozen ELMIRA REFORMATORY 2 Total 1 2 Dozen DozenEach Dozen Dozen Dozen DozenEach Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Doz pr Pounds H eadPounds Bushels Tons Bushels Bushels 4 Head Pounds D ozenPounds Dozen Dozen d APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES 2 8 Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats work Coats dress Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm Miscellaneous See footnotes at end o f table Ol T a b le A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s fry State system em institution Continued d 00 oa NEW YORK Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Quantity Value ELMIRA REFORMATORY continued Furniture Metal Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Wood Benches Chairs Desks Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Metal p r o d u c t s Galvanized ware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Bookbinding and blank books Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Labor only Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Coffee roasted Miscellaneous 3 1 Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces Each Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Cases Pounds Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITE STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value GREAT MEADOW PRISON Total Dozen Dnzpn Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Doz pr Head Pounds Tons Tons Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Tons Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Overcoats Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoesrepaired Suits Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Chairs Davenports sofas etc Stools Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or w ood Mattresses Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Textile products Doormats Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table 00 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued 00 oo NEW YORK Continued Unit INSTITUTION FOR M ALE DEFECTIVE DELINQUENTS Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Dozen Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Dozen Pounds 1 1 Value Quantity Value Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Quantity State account U N I T E D STATES Dozen Each Public works and ways State use Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Mops Clothing Coats work Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pants w ork Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Farm Hairy Beef dressed Hattie Milk wbolft Miscellaneous Farm Field ornps and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscella Farm Hogs Port dre sftd Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Quantity and value of articles produced under each system P R I S O N L A B O R IN T H E Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value E ach Pieces Pieces Sq yd Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Cases MATTEAWAN STATE H OSPITAL Total Clothing Aprons Coats work Gloves and mittens Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Doz pr Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Furniture Other than metal or wood Mat tresses Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware D o Galvanized ware Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Wood products Baskets Handles broom Millwork Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables I CO CO o T a b l e A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued NEW YORK Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value matteawan state hospital continued Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Dozen Pounds Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases SING SIN PRISON G Total Brooms brushes and m ops Brooms Brushes Clothing other than knit Bathrobes Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts w ork Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Dozen D zen Doz pr Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Doz pr Doz pr Dozen Dozen Pounds Each Each o cJ J Each Each 9 Each Each Each Tons Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen C 1 9 WALLKILL PRISON Total Clothing Aprons Coats work Gloves and mittens Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing knit Gloves and mittens Hosiery Underwear Miscellaneous Construction Land development Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Metal Benches Wastebaskets Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Tags dog Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth Flags Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table CO T a b l e A K in d quantity and value of articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued co to NEW YORK Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value w allkill prison continued Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Apples Corn field Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Wood Chairs Davenports sofas etc Tables Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables D o Pounds H e a d Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Pounds Each Each Each Cases W ESTFIELD STATE FARM REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total Clothing Aprons Coats dress Dresses Hats and caps Pajamas and nightgowns 21 Dozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen W ESTFIELD STATE FARM PRISON FOR WOMEN Total Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen WOODBURNE INSTITUTION FOR DEFECTIVE DELINQUENTS Total Clothing Coats work Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen DozenPairs Pairs Each Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Covers mattress Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous CD CO T a b le A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued CD NEW YORK Continued AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value WOODBURNE INSTITUTION FOR DEFECTIVE delinquents continued Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Pounds 6 Bushels T ons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Pounds 1 Dozen Pounds Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Pounds Quantity Value PRISiON LABOR IK THE UKITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value NORTH CAROLINA Total STATE PRISON SYSTEM Cattle Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field props and garden Corn field Cotton Hay Oats Peanuts Potatoes Sorghum Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Grain mill products Corn meal Flour Stock feed Metal products Auto license tags Tags miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table 9 Head Pounds Pounds Bushels Bales Tons Bushels 551 Bushels Gallons Bushels 8 Head Pounds 1 Dozen Pounds 2 Each Each Barrels Barrels Tons Each Each i i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES i Dozen Farm Cattle Ct T a b le A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued CO o NORTH CAROLINA Continued st a t e p r is o n s y s t e m Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value continued Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Sea food NORTH DAKOTA STATE PENITENTIARY Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Construction Major repairs to buildings Cordage Binder twine Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Butter Milk whole Miscellaneous Total Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Cases OHIO Total ALL INSTITUTIONS Brooms brushes and mops B room s Brushes Mops Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Handkerchiefs Hats and c ap s Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Repairs Shirts dress See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Field crops and garden Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Coffins Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables CO T a b le A K in d qu antity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued O 00 OHIO ontinued C Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system State use Quantity Value Public works and ways Quantity Value Piece price State account Quantity Value all institutions continued Clothing other than knit Continued Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Vests men s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Tubing glove cuff Underwear Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Doz pr Pounds Dozen Each Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels W Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity See footnotes at end of table Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Head EachEach EachEach EachEach Each l Oil Pieces Pieces Pieces Pounds Gallons Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pounds Eaeh Each Each Each Each Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Furniture Metal Beds Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Stools Furniture W ood Benches manual training Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets and tables Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Filing cases Repairs Stands Stools Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Grain mill products Wheat cereal Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware Galvanized ware Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Miscellaneous cO CO a b le A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and in stitution Continued 200 T OHIO Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value ALL institutions continued Textiles Cotton yard goods lig h t Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Coffins and rough boxes Millwork Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables D o Disinfectants and insecticides Polish furniture or metal Steam Miscellaneous Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen D ozen Dozen Each Barrels Cases Gallons Gallons G REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total Clothing Aprons Dresses Pajamas and nightgowns Underwear women s and children s Farm Dairy Butter Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pounds Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity E ggs D o ze n Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live H e a d Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables STATE PENITENTIARY Total Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each E ach Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Doz pr Pounds D o ze n Each Each EachEach EachEach Pieces Pieces Pieces Each Each Oil APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Brooms brushes and mops Mops Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Repairs Shoes new Shoes repaired Vests men s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Tubing glove cuff Underwear Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Benches Stools Furniture Wood Cabinets and tables Repairs Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Aluminum ware Galvanized ware Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous See footnotes at end o f table to o a b le A T K in d q u a n tity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued OHIO Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Textiles Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth M opheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Coffins and rough boxes Millwork Other manufactured products Steam Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each STATE REFORMATORY Total Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants Work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Miscellaneous PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATElS Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity i Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Bushels T o n s T o n s Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels 21 ilead Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each E ach Each Dozen Dozen Cases Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES C onstruction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Butter I Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs H ogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Metal Beds Bureaus chiffoniers etc Furniture W ood Benches manual training Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cases filing Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Repairs Stands Stools Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases T o w e ls Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables See footnotes at end of table T able A K in d fcO O quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued OHIO Continued Unit LONDON STATE FARM Total Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Brushes Clothing Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Butter Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Pounds Head Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Bushels T ons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels 257 Public works and ways State use Quantity Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Disinfectants and insecticides Cases Polish furniture or metal Gallons Gallons LIMA STATE HOSPITAL T o ta l Clothing Aprons Coats dress Dresses Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Milk w h ole Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Pairs Dozen Dozen Pounds Head Pounds Dozen Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Sea 12 Each Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds H ead Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Head Grain mill products Wheat cereal Pounds Printing and binding Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Pounds Soap liquid Gallons Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Dozen Dozen Sheets Towels Dozen Miscellaneous footnotes at end of table 205 able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system cmcZ institution Continued 206 T OHIO Continued AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value lima state hospital continued Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables D o Miscellaneous 84 Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Barrels Cases Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value OKLAHOMA Total ALL INSTITUTIONS Suits Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Cordage Binder twine Rope Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Cotton Hay Oats Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Dozen M Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Pounds Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Bales Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Head Each Doz pr Each Head I APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Agricultural implements and parts Repairs Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing other than knit Coats work Hats and caps Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired See footnotes at end of table 8 T able A K in d quantity to O and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued GO OKLAHOMA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value all institutions continued Furniture Wood Bedroom suites Beds Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Living room suites Venetian blinds Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Miscellaneous Grain mill products Corn meal Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Signs 90 46 Each Each Barrels Tags miscellaneous Gallons Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Tons Soap and other detergents Soap Pounds P aint Textile products M iscellaneous W o o d products L u m b er M ill work Bd ft Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Disinfectants Harness Insecticides disinfectants and related Gallons chemical compounds Leather sole and saddle Pounds Leather upper Sq ft 1 27 Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each C Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Saddlery Tobacco smoking and chewing Pounds STATE PENITENTIARY T otal D ozen M Dozen Dozen Dozen D ozen P airs Pairs E ach Doz p r Pounds Pounds Head Pounds i D ozenHead Each Each Each Each Each Each Bushels Bushels T on s Bushels Bushels Head Each Each See footnotes at end of table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Agricultural implements and parts Repairs Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clay cement and stone products B rick Clothing other than knit Coats work Hats and caps Pants w ork Shirts work Shoes n e w Shoes repaired Suits Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Construction M ajor repairs to buildings Cordage Binder twine R ope Farm Cattle Farm Dairy M ilk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field H a y Oats W heat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry liv e Furniture W ood Bedroom suites Beds Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Living room suites Venetian blinds Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or w ood Mattresses Pillows Miscellaneous a A K in d b quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued l e 210 T OKLAHOMA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State i Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Grain mill products Corn meal Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Tags miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Textile products Miscellaneous W ood products Lum ber M ill w ork Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Disinfectants Insecticides disinfectants and related chemical compounds Tobacco smoking and chewing Barrels Each Each Gallons Tons Pounds Bd ft Cases Gallons Pounds 0 STATE REFORMATORY Total Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Pounds Head Quantity Value 1940 Clothing Coats work Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Construction Buildings Earm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds B ales Tons Bushels H eadPounds D ozenHead Head Each T ons 62 Pounds S q f t OREGON STATE PENITENTIARY Total Bakery products commercial Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats work Hats and ca p s Overalls Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Clothing knit Hosiery Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle M ilk whole Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table Pounds D ozenDozen D ozenDozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs E ach Doz pr E ach Pounds H eadPounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Dairy M ilk whole Farm Field crops and garden Cotton H a y W heat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Furniture Other than metal or w ood Mattresses Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Other manufactured products Harness Leather sole and saddle Leather upper Saddlery bO T able fc O h l to A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 b y State system and institution Continued OREGON Contlnued Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Aver Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value STATE PENITENTIARY continued 84 Tons Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds f D ozen Poun ds Head Tons Tons Tons 6 Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Cords Cases Pounds Quantity Value 1940 Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage r Flaxseed Fodder H ay O ats Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Grain mill products Flax meal Printing and binding M iscellaneous Quarrying and rock crush in g Lime and agricultural limestone Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous W ood products W ood fuel Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Flax tow and fiber Piece price PRISON LABOR IN TH U UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value PEN N SYLVANIA ALL INSTITUTIONS Total APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Brooms brushes and m ops Brooms Dozen Brushes D ozen Olay cement and stone products Concrete Each blocks Clothing other than knit A prons Dozen Coats dress Each Coatsj work Dozen Dresses Each Gloves and mittens Doz pr Handkerchiefs Dozen Hats and caps Dozen Labor o n ly Overalls Dozen Overcoats Each Pajamas and n i g h t g o w n s Dozen Pants dress Each Pants work Dozen Shirts dress Dozen D ozen Shirts work Shoes n e w Pairs Shoes repaired Pairs Each Suits Underwear men s and boys Dozen Underwear women s and children s D ozen Each Uniforms Miscellaneous Clothing knit H o s ie r y Doz pr Underwear Dozen Construction Buildings Each Construction Land d evelop m en t Construction Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds C a ttle Head M iscellaneous Farm Dairy Pounds Beef dressed Cattle H ea d M ilk w hole Pounds See footnotes at end of table 213 A K in d T able quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued PENNSYLVANIA Continued ALL Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value institutions continued Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Potatoes Rye Straw Wheat M iscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Furniture M etal Lockers Shelving Tables Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Beds Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas etc Desks Mirrors Tables 476 Bushels Bushels 35 Head Pounds 13 Dozen P ounds Head Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels G Each 0 E a ch 149 Each Each E ach Each Each E ach Each Each Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THEI UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value i i APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Trays Each M iscellaneous Grain mill products Feed s t o c k Tons Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags E ach Highway markers Each S ig n s Each Tags miscellaneous Each Metal products Miscellaneous Castings Pounds Galvanized ware Pieces Pieces Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Each Each Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Tons Textiles Cotton yard goods light Sq y d W ool yard goods Sq yd Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Flags danger Each Pillowcases D ozen Each Rags floor Sheets Dozen Ticks mattress Each Ticks pillow Each Towels Dozen Miscellaneous W ood p r o d u c t s Lumber Bd ft Miscellaneous Other manufactured products C a n n e d fruits and vegetables Cases Coffee roasted Pounds Harness Leather articles miscellaneous Repairs harness Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Repairs automobile See footnotes at end of table 215 able 216 T A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued PENNSYLVANIA Continued Total Unit EASTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value D ozen Each D ozen Doz pr D ozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Each 77 Doz pr Dozen Each Each Each Sq y d Dozen Each Each D ozen State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Uniforms Miscellaneous Clothing knit H oisery Underwear Construction Buildings Construction Miscellaneous Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods ligh t Textile products Bags cloth Ticks mattress Ticks pillow Towels Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value NEW EASTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Total w INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL Total Brooms brushes and m ops Brooms Brushes Clothing Aprons Hats and caps Pants dress Pants w ork Shoes repaired Construction Buildings Construction MiscellaneousFarm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle M ilk whole See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen E ach D ozen Pairs E ach APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clay cement and stone products Concrete E ach blocks Construction Buildings E ach Construction Land development Construction Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Cattle H e a d Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Bushels Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons H ay Tons W heat Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs H e a d Pork dressed Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live H e a d Metal products Tinware Pieces Textiles Cotton yard goods light Sq yd W ool yard goods Sq yd Pounds Head Pounds fc O able 218 T A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prison s 1940 by State system azicZ institution Continued PENNSYLVANIA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value industrial school continued Farm Field crops and garden Barley T Corn fie ld Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes R ye W heat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture M etal Lockers Furniture W ood B ed s Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers etc Chairs Davenports sofas e t c Desks Mirrors Tables Trays Miscellaneous Metal products Castings Galvanized w a r e Tinware Miscellaneous Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Bushels r Dozen Pounds Head 1 Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each 21 Pounds Pieces Pieces Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Bags floor Sheets Towels W ood products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Coffee roasted Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen E ach Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Each Each Sq y d S q y d APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Aprons Coats work Dresses Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear m en s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Furniture M etal Shelving Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light W ool yard goods Cases Pounds WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARY T otal See footnotes at end of table 219 220 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons by State system and institution Continued PENNSYLVANIA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturihg Repairs automobile 19 Dozen Dozen Dozen NEW WESTERN STATE PENITENTIARY Total G lo v e s a n d m it t e n s Hats and caps Labor only Pants work Shoes new Shoes repaired C o n s t r u c t i o n Buildings Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Head 25 Pounds M ilk Pounds whole Farm Field crops and garden C o r n f ie ld O a ts P o ta to e s Straw 332 Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Tons Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value Doz pr Dozen F a r m C a t t le Ensilage Fodder H ay Clothing State account PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Wheat Bushels Miscellaneous Pork dressed Pounds Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Dozen Pounds Head Tons Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Harness Repairs harness Leather articles Dozen Dozen B d ft Cases STATE INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR WOMEN Total C lo th in g Aprons Coats work Dresses Handkerchiefs Pajamas and nightgowns Shirts dress Shirts work Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle M ilk whole Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live See footnotes at end of table 14 Pounds Head Pounds Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pounds Head APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pillowcases Towels M iscellaneous Tons T able A K in d qu antity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s by State system and institution Continued P E N N S Y LV A N IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity Value STATE INDUSTRIAL HOME FOR WOMEN COn Textile products Flags danger Ranh Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen Ticks mattress Each Ticks pillow Each Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables R H O D E IS L A N D ALL INSTITUTIONS Total Clay cement and stone products Concrete posts Curbstones Miscellaneous Clothing Cnats work pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired M isop llanoons Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoas Miscellaneous Each Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pounds Tons Tons Bushels PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value See footnotes at end of table Each Each Pounds Each Each Each Each Dozen Each Each DozenDozen DozenDozen Pairs Pounds Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Each Each Each Clay cement and stone products Concrete posts Curbstones Miscellaneous Clothing Coats work Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Wood Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Pounds APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Wood Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Metal products Auto license tags Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Flags Mopheads Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Labor only STATE PRISON Total a b le A K in d 224 T quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued R H O D E IS L A N D C o n tin u e d Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value state prison continued Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Metal products Auto license tags Printing and binding MiscellaneousTextile products Flags Mopheads Miscellaneous Pounds Each Each Dozen REFORMATORY FOR MEN Total Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Labor only Each SOU TH C A R O LIN A STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Pants work Shirts work Underwear men sand boys Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Butter Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Com field Dozen Dozen Dozen Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels M PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age numher of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Bales Tons Bushels Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each i 1 1 SOUTH DAKOTA See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Aprons Coats work Handkerchiefs Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Cordage Binder twine Rope Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Labor only Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Cotton Hay Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Wood Chairs Chairs upholstered Davenports sofas etc Ottomans and footstools Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Repairs to signs T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued to to O S O U TH D A K O T A C o n tin u e d Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value STATE PENITENTIARY Continued Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Metal products Auto license tags Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushedTextile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables 2 Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen TENNESSEE ALL INSTITU TION S 1 871 Total Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Overalls Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Suits Underwear men s and boys Uniforms Dozen Dozen E achDozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs E achDozenEach Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Construction Major repairs to roads See footnotes at end of table 9 APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr UnderwearDozen Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Pounds Butter Head Cattle Milk whole Pounds Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden B arley T l Bushels Corn field Bushels Cotton Bales Cottonseed Tons Ensilage Tons Hay Tons Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Furniture Metal Beds Each Filing cases Each Tables Each Furniture Other than metal or w o o d Mattresses Each Pillows Each Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Each Highway markers Each Metal products Miscellaneous R epairs Miscellaneous Mining Coal Tons Gallons Paint Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Tons Soap and other detergents Soap Pounds Soap liqu id Gallons Miscellaneous Textiles Sq yd Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Sq yd Yarn cotton Pounds 228 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prison s 1940 by State system anc institution Continued TENNESSEE Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value all institutions continued Textile products Bags cloth Bags tobacco Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Insecticides disinfectants and related chemical compounds Do Tobacco smoking and chew ing STATE PENITENTIARY Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases Gallons 2 Pounds Pounds Total Suits U nderw ear m e n s and b o y s Uniforms Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs E a ch Dozen Each C loth in g knit Hosiery Doz pr Dozen U nderw ear C on stru ction 1VTajop repairs t o roads F a rm D a iry Beef dressed Pounds Clothing nther than knit Aprons Coats w o rk Dresses Hats and caps Overalls Pants work Shirts work Shoes new State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Head Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Gallons Tons Pounds Gallons Sq y d Sq yd Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen APPEN DIX A GENERAL TABLES Butter Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage Hay Oats Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Furniture Metal Beds Cases filing Tables Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license taxs Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Repairs Miscellaneous Paint Quarrying and rock crushing Stone crushed Soap and other detergents Soap Soap liquid Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth Bags tobacco Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous See footnotes at end o f table 229 T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons fry State system and institution Continued to CO o TENNESSEE C ontinued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity STATE PENITENTIARY continued Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases Insecticides disinfectants and related Gallons chemical compounds D o PoundsTobacco smoking and chewing Pounds BRUSHY M OUNTAIN PENITENTIARY Total Construction Major repairs to roads Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Mining Coal Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables T otal Pounds Tons Bushels Tons Cases FORT PILLOW STATE FARM Construction Buildings C on struction M a jo r repairs to roads Farm Dairy M ilk w hole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field C otton C ottonseed Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Pounds Bushels Bales T ons Tons Tons Bushels Q Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables TEXAS STATE PRISON SYSTEM M Each Squares Dozen Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen D6zen Pairs Each D ozenEach Head Pounds Pounds Bushels Bales Tons Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Tons H ead Dozen Pounds See footnotes at end o f table Dozen W 324 APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Agricultural implements and parts Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clay cement and stone products Brick Building tile Roofing tile Miscellaneous Clothing Aprons Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Butter Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Cotton Cottonseed Ensilage Hay Potatoes Rice Sugarcane Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Total 232 T a b l e A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s ty State system and institution Continued Unit Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity state prison system Continued Farm Miscellaneous Livestock Furniture Metal Beds Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Pillows Grain mill products Corn meal Feed stock Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Cans t i n Machinery Repairs Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Sugar Cane syrup Sugar Textiles Cotton yard goods light Duck and canvas Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Covers cushion Head Barrels Tons Each Each Each Pounds Gallons Pounds Sq yd Sq yd Dozen Each Each Each Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced TEXAS C ontinued DozenDozen DozenDozen Pounds Each Cases 94 Each Pounds Pounds Pounds B d ft UTAH STATE PRISON Total 135 Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Head Head Pounds Tons Tons Head Dozen Each Each Cases Each Clothing Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Construction Buildings Construction Miscellaneous Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Beets sugar Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Printing and binding Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Caimed fruits and vegetables Toys See footnotes at end o f table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Mopheads Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Millwork Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Beef dressed Boxes paper Canned fruits and vegetables Cement Envelopes os Harness Hides Lard Leather articles miscellaneous Mutton Pork dressed T a b l e A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prison s 1940 by State system and institution Continued VERMONT Unit ALL IN STITU TION S Total Clothing other than knit Coats work Dozen Dresses Each Hats and caps Dozen Overalls Dozen Overcoats Each Pants work Dozen Shirts work Dozen Underwear men s and boys Dozen Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Doz pr Dozen Underwear Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Butter Pounds Cream Pounds Milk skimmed Pounds Milk whole Pounds Farm Fiqjd crops and garden Corn field Bushels Ensilage Tons Hay Tons Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Pounds See footnotes at end of table Public works and ways State use Quantity lT 1 Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Potatoes l i i i Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Dozen Pounds Head Each Doz pr Dozen Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Bd ft Each Each Each Each Each See footnotes at end of table 5 Each STATE PRISONAND HOUSE OFCORRECTIONFOR M EN Total Clothing other than knit Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pants work Shirts work Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Underwear Farm Cattle Beef dressed L Cattle Hides Farm Dairy Butter Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Wood Chairs Repairs Tables Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Printing and binding Envelopes T Letterheads Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber rough Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s fey State system and institution Continued 236 T able V E R M O N T Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value STATE PEISON AND HOUSE OF CORRECTION FOR men continued Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products E g g s Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Wood Chairs Repairs Tables Metal products Auto license tags Highway markers Signs Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber rough Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each 51 Each Each Dozen Dozen Bd f t W Each Each Each Each Potatoes i Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value WOMEN S reform atory Total Laundry commercial I V IR G IN IA ALL INSTITUTIONS Total See footnotes at end o f table 3 460 Each M Dozen Each D ozen Doz pr Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Each Doz pr Dozen Pounds Head Pounds J l Bushels Bales Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Brooms brushes and mops Mops Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Suits Uniforms Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Underwear Construction Buildings Construction Land development Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk w h ole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Cotton Ensilage Hay Peanuts Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system e m d institution Continued 238 T V IR G IN IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value all institutions continued Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Tons Quantity Value 1940 Fafm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Metal Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Card files Desks Filing cases Lockers Shelving Transfer cases Furniture Wood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Card files Chairs Desks Filing cases Stools Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Dozen Each D ozenDozen Each Each Dozen Cases STATE INDUSTRIAL FARM FOR WOMEN Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Total Pounds Pounds Dozen Cases Each Dozen E ach Dozen Doz pr Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs E ach STATE PENITENTIARY AND CONVICT ROAD FORCE Brooms brushes and mops Mops Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Gloves and m ittens Hats and caps Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Suits See footnotes at end o f table Total APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Textiles Blankets Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth Covers mattress Flags Pillowcases Sheets Ticks bed Ticks pillow Towels Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables OO CD T a A K in d qu an tity and value o f articles produced b l e in State p riso n s b y State system a r a d institution Continued to O V IR G IN IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value STATE PENITENTIARY AND CON VICT ROAD force continued Each Doz pr Dozen Pounds Pounds Bushels Bales T o n s T o n s Bushels Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Clothing other than knit Continued Uniforms Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Underwear Construction Buildings Construction Land development Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads Farm Dairy Beef dressed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Cotton Ensilage Hay Peanuts Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Metal Bureaus chiffoniers etc Card files Cabinets filing Cabinets storage Desks Lockers Shelving State account PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Tons Each Sq yd Sq yd Pounds Dozen Eanh Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Cases STATE FARM Total See footnotes at end of table Clay cement and stone products Brick M Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Bushels Hay Tons Potatoes Bushels Wheat Bushels Miscellaneous APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Transfer cases Furniture Wood Benches Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets filing Cabinets storage Card files Chairs Desks Stools Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Tags miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Textiles Blankets Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Yarn cotton Textile products Bags cloth Covers mattress Flags Pillowcases Sheets Ticks bed Ticks pillow Towels Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables a A bK in d qu antity and value o f articles produced l e in State p riso n s b y State system a r c C institution J o n V IR G IN IA Continued state fa r m Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value continued EarmrHogs Hogs Pork dressed Earm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Head Pounds Dozen Cases W A S H IN G T O N Total ALL INSTITUTIONS 875 M Dozen Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Each DozenDozen DozenPairs Pairs Each Dozen Quantity Value 1940 Clay cement and stone products Brick Clothing other than knit Aprons Coats dress Coats work Cloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value 242 T t See footnotes at end of table Doz pr Each Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds D ozenPounds Head Each Each Each Each Each Each 5 15 Pounds Pieces Pieces Dozen Dozen Dozen C APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing knit Hosiery Construction B u i l d i n g s Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Wood Benches Desks Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Tinware Miscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous fcO a b le 244 T A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 fry State system arcd institution Continued W ASH IN G TO N Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity a l l in s t it u t i o n s c o n t in u e d Wood products Boxes Coffins and rough boxes Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Each Each Cases STATE PENITENTIARY Total 549 Clothing other than knit Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Overalls Overcoats r Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Suits Underwear men s and boys Clothing knit Hosiery Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Butter Cattle Cream Milk skimmed Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Hogs Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each Dozen Doz pr Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Pounds Head Value PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed FurnitureWood Total Clay cement and stone products Brick 66 729 M Clothing Aprons Dozen 26 Coats dress 6 Each Coats work Dozen 66 Gloves and mittens 157 Doz pr Hats and caps Dozen 39 Overalls Dozen 5 Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen 4 Pants dress Each 172 Pants work Dozen dress Shirts Dozen Shirts work Dozen Shoes new Pairs Pairs Shoes repaired 1 386 Suits Each 374 Underwear men s and boys Dozen 100 Miscellaneous D esks Tables Pounds Each Each Furniture Other than metal or wood Repairs Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Highway markers Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Tinware M iscellaneous Printing and binding Miscellaneous Soap and other detergents Soap Textile products Sheets Towels Wood products Boxes Coffins and rough boxes Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables 5 12 Each 183 5 Pieces Pounds Dozen Dozen Each Each Cases STATE REFORMATORY See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pounds able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system anrf institution Continued 246 T W A S H IN G T O N Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Dozen Pounds H e a d Cases Dozen Dozen Dozen STATES Head Pounds U N IT E D Tons Tons Bushels Bushels THE Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds IN Each Value LABOR STATE REFORMATORY C o n tin u e d Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Butter Cattle M ilk skimmed M ilk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Quantity P R IS O N Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity W ES T V IR G IN IA ALL INSTITUTIONS T o ta l 921 Dozen Shoes repaired Construction Buildings C o n s tru c tio n B a n d d e v e lo p m e n t Construction Roads C o n s tm e tio n M is ce lla n e o u s F a r m C a ttle B e ef dressed C a ttle M is c e lla n e o u s F a rm D a ir y B e ef dressed C a ttle M i l k w h o le F a r m F ie ld crops a n d g a rd en B a r le y C o r n fie ld Hay P ota to e s S tr a w W heat M is c e lla n e o u s F a r m H ogs H ogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Fggs Poultry dressed Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table Pounds Head Pounds i Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head E ach E ach Each Each Each P o u ltr y liv e F u r n itu r e M e t a l B enches C a b in e ts C h a irs D e sk s T a b le s Pounds Head Bushels Bushels Faoh Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES C lo th in g A prnns C o a ts dross C o a ts w o rlr H a t s a n d ra p s O v e ra lls P a n ts dress Pants w n r k S h irts dress S h irts w o r k able A Kind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system andf 248 T institution Continued W EST V IR G IN IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value ALL institutions continued Metal products Miscellaneous Mining Coal Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone Stone building Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Lumber Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do Quantity Tons Tons Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen Bd f t Barrels Cases STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pants dress Pants work Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes repaired Construction Roads Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole State account Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pounds Head Pounds Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value S0I80fr H eadPounds Dozen Each Each Each Each Each Tons Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases Barrels STATE MEDIUM SECURITY PRISON Total Construction Buildings Construction Land development Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Com field Hay Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Pounds Head Each See footnotes at end of table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry live Furniture Metal Benches Cabinets Chairs Desks Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Mining Coal Printing and binding Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone build ing Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do T able A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons by State system and institution Continued W EST V IR G IN IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value state medium secubity prison continued Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry l i v e Quarrying and rock crushing Lime and agricultural limestone W ood products Lum ber H e a d Pounds D ozen Pounds H ea d T o n s B d ft W ISCO NSIN A LIN T U IO S L S IT T N Total Clay cement and stone products Miscel laneous Clothing other than k n it Aprons D ozen Coats dress E a ch Coats w ork D o z e n D resses E ach D oz pr Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Dozen Labor only Overalls Dozen Overcoats E a c h Pajamas and nightgowns Dozen Pants dress E a c h Pants w o r k Dozen Shirts work Dozen Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THU UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pairs Pairs Doz pr Each Pounds Pounds Head 65 Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds 172 Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Pounds Bushels 18 Head P oun ds Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Poun ds Each Each Each Each Each d APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Shoes new Shoes repaired D o Suits Underwear men s and hoys Underwea r wom en s and children s Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Construction B u ild in g s Construction Land developm ent Cordage Binder twine Barm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Miscellaneous Farm D a i r y Beef dressed Butter Cattle M ilk skim m ed M ilk w h o le Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden B a r l e y Beets su g a r Corn field Ensilage H a y Oats Peas shelled Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs H o g s Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Farm M iscellaneous Furniture M etal Chairs D e s k s Filing cases Lockers and cabinets Shelving Tables Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table to Or 252 T able A K ind quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued W IS C O N S IN Continued I Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Quantity Value all institutions continued Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Pieces 8 Pieces Gallons ii Each Each i Tons Dozen Dozen Dozen Furniture W ood B ench es Chairs Chairs upholstered Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or w ood Labor only Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Signs Tags miscellaneous Miscellaneous Metal products M iscellaneous Galvanized ware Laundry equipm ent Tinware Miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone building D o Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth Mopheads Pillowcases Repairs Value PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Firewood Shingles Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Do Do Trucks laundry canvas Miscellaneous Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Repairs auto paint and wax jobs Dozen Dozen Cords Bundles Cases Gallons Each Clothing Aprons Coats work Labor o n l y Overalls Pants work Shirts work Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Pork dressed Furniture W o o d Benches Chairs Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Textile products Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Total Dozen Dozen Pounds Dozen Dozen Dozen EachEach Each 1 i Each 3 0 Dozen Dozen l APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES C N R L S A E H S IT L F R T E IN A E E T A T T OP A O H S N Total S A E P IS N F R W M N TT R O O O E Clothing Aprons Coats dress Dresses See footnotes at end of table Dozen Each Each t to Oi C O able A K in d 254 T quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system aric institution Continued WISCONSIN Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Quantity Value state prison for w oman continued D ozen Dozen D ozen Pounds Pounds Head Pounds Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons T on s 1 H ea d Pounds Dozen Pounds D ozen D ozen Dozen C Clothing Continued Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Farm D a iry Beef dressed Butter Cattle M ilk skimmed M ilk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage H ay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables S A E P IS N TT R O T otal Clothing other than k n it Aprons D ozen Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED ST AT E S Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Pounds Pounds Head Doz pr Each Pounds 64 Tons Bushels 12 Pounds 0 2 Dozen Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each E ach E ach i i 255 See footnotes at end of table Each Dozen Doz pr Dozen Dozen Each Each D ozen Dozen Pairs Pairs Each j Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Coats dress Coats work Gloves and mittens Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pants d r e s s Pants work Shirts w ork Shoes new Shoes repaired S u its Underwear m en s and boys Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Construction Buildings Construction Land development Cordage Binder twine Farm f Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy M ilk w h o le Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden H a y Potatoes Miscellaneous F a r m H o g s Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultrv dressed Farm Miscellaneous F u r n i t u r e M etal Chairs Desks Filing ca ses Lockers and cabinets Shelving Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than wood or metal Labor o n l y Laundry commercial Metal products Tags highway markers and s ig n s Auto license tags Signs Tags miscellaneous Miscellaneous and value o f articles produced in State p riso n s b y State system aru institution Continued 256 T able A K in d quantity W ISCO NSIN Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Quantity Value state prison continued Metal products Miscellaneous Galvanized ware Laundry equipment Tinw are Miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Envelopes Letterheads Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock c r u sh in g Stone crushed Textile products Bags cloth M op heads Pillowcases Repairs Sheets Towels Miscellaneous W ood products F irew ood Shingles Other manufactured p rod u cts Canned fruits and vegetables Trucks laundry canvas Miscellaneous Pieces P ieces Gallons 8 13 E ach E ach 4 3 D ozen D ozen D ozen Dozen D ozen 17 Cords Bundles C ases Each Clothing Aprons Gloves and mittens Overalls Overcoats S A ER F R A O Y T T E O MT R Total D ozen D oz p r D ozen Each Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED iSTATES 1040 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Dozen Dozen Each Tons Tons Bushels p Pounds D ozen Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Bushels Tons x w Dozen Dozen Dozen Cases M W U E C U T H UE O C R E T N IL A K E O N Y O S F O R C IO Total Clay cement and stone products Miscella neous Clothing Aprons Coats w ork Overalls Pants work Repairs Shirts w ork Shoes repaired Underwear m en s and boys See footnotes at end of table Dozen Dozen D ozen Dozen Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Pants work Shirts work Suits Farm Cattle Beef dressed Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Butter Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Beets sugar Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture Wood Repairs Metal products Miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Stone building Miscellaneous Textile products Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Repairs auto paint and wax jobs i to Oi able A K in d 258 T quantity and value o f articles produced in State p rison s b y State system and institution Continued W ISCO N SIN Continued Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Aver Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value M W U E C U T H U EO C R E T N IL A K E O N Y O S F O R C IO continued Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle M iscellaneous Farm D a iry B utter M ilk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage H a y Oats Peas shelled Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture W ood Benches Chairs Chairs upholstered Desks Repairs Tables Miscellaneous Metal products Miscellaneous Textile products t Sheets Towels Other manufactured p ro d u c ts Canned fruits and vegetables D o 3 Pounds Head Bushels T on s T ons Bushels Poun ds Bushels Each i C Cases D ozen Dozen Dozen P oun ds E ach Each E ach E a c h Pounds P ounds PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value W Y O M IN G A L IN T U IO S L S IT T N T otal APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts dress Dozen Shirts w ork Shoes repaired M iscellaneous Construction Land development Construction M ajor repairs to buildings Farm Cattle T Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Farm Dairy Cream Pounds M ilk skimmed Pounds Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Barley Bushels T o n s Beets sugar Ensilage Tons H a y Tons Oats Bushels Potatoes Bushels Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork Pounds dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry liv e Head Farm Miscellaneous Lambs Head Lambs dressed Pounds W ool Pounds M iscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or w ood Mattresses Each Textiles Rugs Sq yd W ool yard goods Sq y d Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables See fo o tn o te s a t end o f table able 260 T A K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in State prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued W Y O M IN G Continued Unit STATE PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Overalls Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Miscellaneous Construction Land development Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Cream M ilk skimmed M ilk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Beets sugar H ay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry Farm Miscellaneous Lambs Lamb dressed Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Textiles Rugs Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Quantity Public works and ways State use Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity Value Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Pounds Cattle Head V 5 Pounds Pounds P ounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels 1 Head Pork dressed Pounds 3 Dozen 4 Head Pounds 2 Each Sq y d PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value Woolen yard goods Textile products Miscellaneous Sq vd INDUSTRIAL INSTITUTE Total D ozen Dozen D ozen D ozen Pounds Pounds Head i Bushels T o n s T o n s Bushels Bushels 2 Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head H ead Pounds D ozen Cases APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work r Shirts dress Shirts w ork Construction M ajor repairs to buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Ensilage H ay Oats Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Farm Miscellaneous Lambs W ool Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Representing 425 000 pounds for 7 200 and an unknown quantity valued at Enumeration impracticable Includes labor and trim in fabricating the following 1 736 dozen coats and jackets 2 Requiring less than the full time work of 1 prisoner for a year 7 459 dozen overalls 37 dozen pajamas 24 936 dozen pants 15 034 dozen play suits prisoners employed on experimental silk farm No production to date dozen shirts and 85 dozen shorts 4 Cloth woven and bags fabricated in textile mill State tax tokens 1 6 Including an average of 20 men working 6 months in orchard N o yield due to frost 1 In addition these men accomplished land clearance of unknown value 2 6 Tax tokens 1 Includes dog and hunters tags valued at Does not include an unknown quantity valued at 363 7 Includes 273 470 dog tags valued at Incmdes 40 000 danger flags valued at to able 262 T B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prisons 1940 fry State system a n d institution A LA B A M A Unit F D R L P IS NC M EEA R O AP Construction Buildings Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity T o ta l Quantity and value of articles produced under each system 0 Value State account Quantity Piece price Value A R IZO N A F D R L P IS N C M EEA R O AP Total Construction Buildings Each Construction Roads M ile s Construction Miscellaneous C A L IF O R N IA A L IN T U IO S L S IT T N 223 Total Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pajamas and nightgowns Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Dozen Each Dozen Each D ozen Dozen E ach Dozen E ach Dozen Dozen Pairs E ach Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 19 40 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Dozen Dozen E achEach i 0 i 0 Head Pounds Pounds Tons 0 Dozen Head Each Pounds i Dozen Dozen T o ta l See footnotes at end of table i 17 G F D R L C R E T N L IN T U IO E E A O R C IO A S IT T N Clothing Dresses Pajamas and nightgowns Underwear m en s and boys Underwear wom en s and cnildren s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Land development Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous Textile products Sheets Towels Miscellaneous E a ch Dozen Dozen Dozen i i 0 0 Dozen Dozen APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Underwear m en s and boys Underwear wom en s and children s Uniforms Vests Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Land development Construction M ajor repairs to buildings Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Cattle Cream M ilk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden H a y Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry live Furniture W o o d Repairs Trays desk Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Textile products Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Mats door K a T a b l e B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prisons fey State system em institution Continued o C A LIF O R N IA Continued Unit U S NAVAL PRISON Total Clothing Labor only Shoes repaired P airs Construction Buildings Each Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm D airy Cattle Head Cream Pounds Pounds Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Hay T o n s Miscellaneous Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry live Head IT S PENITENTIARY Total Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Dozen Pairs Each Each Each Quantity Quantity 1 Piece price Value Quantity Value Quantity Value State account i 1 669 I I i Value 1940 Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Suits Uniforms Vests men s Public works and ways State use Quantity and value of articles produced under each system PRISON LABOR IN THE1 UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity Miscellaneous Furniture W ood Repairs Trays desk Miscellaneous Laundry commercial Other manufactured products Mats door Each Pounds I FLORIDA FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Construction Buildings Farm Field crops and garden Cane sirup Corn field Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Each Gallons Bushels Tons Bushels Pounds Dozen Pounds i GEORGIA U S PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Aprons Bathrobes Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Suits Vests men s Miscellaneous Constniction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings See footnotes at end of table 1 399 Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Each Each Each APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Total t o O Or 266 T able B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prisons 1940 fry State system and institution Continued G EO R G IA Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value u s penitentiary continued Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Pounds Pounds Each Yards Yards Yards Dozen Dozen Each Each Each Value Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Farm Dairy H Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Lard Pork dressed Furniture Other than metal or wood Mattresses Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textiles Cotton yard goods light Duck and canvas Tape Textile products Bags cloth Pillowcases Tents Ticks Other manufactured products Trucks laun dry canvas Quantity State account PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value ID A H O T otal FEDERAL PRISON CAM P Construction Roads Wood products Wood fuel M iles Cords KANSAS ALL INSTITUTIONS See footnotes at end of table 237 Dozen Dozen Each DozenDozen Dozen E achEach DozenPairs Each Dozen E ach Each PoundsHead Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Brooms brushes and mops Brushes Do Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Shoes new Suits Underwear men s and boys Vests men s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Mangels Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Total T a b l e B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prisons 1940 by State system and institution Continued to KANSAS Continued oo Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value all institutions continued C V Value Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pounds Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Furniture Wood Beds Each Benches Each Bookcases Each Bureaus chiffoniers e t c Each Cabinets Each Each Chairs Davenports sofas etc Each Desks Each Fiber articles miscellaneous Each Repairs Stands Each Tables Each Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or wood Pillows Each Laundry and dry cleaning commercial Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Labor only Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen Towels Dozen Miscellaneous Wood products Boxes Each Each Brush blocks Quantity State account PRISON LABOR IN T H E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total prisoners em ployed Quantity Value Brush handles Other manufactured products I c e Each Tons U S PENITENTIARY Total C C H eadPounds Dozen Pounds Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Each Each Dozen Pairs Each Dozen E ach Each Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Each Each Each Each EachEach Each See footnotes at end of table 1 463 Dozen A P P E N D IX A GE N E R AL T A B L ES Brooms brushes and mops Brushes Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Hats and caps Labor only Overalls Overcoats Pants dress Pants work Shoes new Suits Underwear men s and boys Vests men s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Parm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Mangels Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Furniture W ood Beds Benches Bookcases Bureaus chiffoniers etc Cabinets Chairs Davenports sofas etc T a b l e B K ind quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prisons 2940 by State system and institution Continued to KANSAS Continued o Quantity and value of articles produced under each system AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity u s penitentiary continued Desks Fiber articles Repairs Stands Tables Miscellaneous Furniture Other than metal or w o o d Pillows Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Labor only Pillowcases Sheets Towels Miscellaneous Wood products Boxes Brush blocks Brush handles Total T S PENITENTIARY ANNEX J Each Each Each Each Each Dozen Each Each Each Quantity Value Brooms brushes and mops Brushes Construction Major repairs to buildings Laundry and dry cleaning commercial Tons products Ice 1 225 Other manufactured 6 Dozen Dozen Dozen Value Piece price PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value LOUISIANA FEDERAL DETENTION HEADQUARTERS Total Other manufactured products Mats door Sq yd MICHIGAN FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Clothing Shoes repaired Construction Buildings Construction Land development Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads Construction Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture Metal Beds Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables 170 Pairs Each Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Cases MINNESOTA FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Total Construction Buildings Each Construction Major repairs to buildings See footnotes at end o f table APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Total T a b l e B K ind quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prisons State system and institution Continued MISSOURI Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value M EDICAL CENTER FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS 61 Construction Buildings Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Roads Farm Cattle Beef dressed Pounds i Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Bushels Hay Tons Oats Bushels Bushels Potatoes Wheat Bushels Miscellaneous Farm H ogs Head Hogs Lard Pounds Pork dressed i Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Pounds Poultry dressed U S NAVAL PRISON Printing and binding blank books Bookbinding and i Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value 1940 NEW HAMPSHIRE Tntftl State account P R I S O N L A B O R IN T H E U N I T E D STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value 842 NEW YO RK FEDERAL DETENTION HEADQUARTERS Total Laundry commercial Pounds O H IO Clothing Aprons Coats work Gloves and mittens Shoes new Shoes repaired Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed C attle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Potatoes Straw Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous pork products Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Poultry live Furniture W ood Chairs Davenports sofas etc Stools Dozen Dozen Doz pr Pairs Pairs Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Head Each Each Each A P P E N D I X A G E N E R A L TABLES FEDERAL REFORMATORY Total i See footnotes at end of table CO T able B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in Federal prison s 1940 by State system and institution Continued fcO r O H IO Continued Unit Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity FEDERAL REFORMATORY continued Metal products Castings Printing and binding Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Miscellaneous State account Quantity Value PoundsCases OKLAHOM A FEDERAL REFORMATORY Total Dozen Dozen Pounds Pounds 31 Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels 4 Pounds Sq yd Sq yd Dozen Quantity Value 1940 Brooms brushes and mops Brooms Clothing Hats and c a p s Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Farm Dairy Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Barley Ensilage Hay Oats Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Pprk dressed Textiles Cotton yard goods light Wool yard goods Textile products Towels Value Piece price PRISON LABOR IN TH E UNITED STATES Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em Value ployed Quantity P E N N S Y L V A N IA U S PENITENTIARY Total Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Each Each Dozen Pairs Each Each Each Each Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Head Pounds Each Each Each Each Each Each Each Each l ach ri APPENDIX A G E N E R A L TABLES Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Overalls Overcoats Pants dress Pantsj work Shoes repaired S uits Uniforms Vests men s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Farm Dairy Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Corn field Ensilage Hay Potatoes Wheat Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Miscellaneous Furniture Metal Baskets waste Beds Bookcases Cabinets Cases transfer Chairs Lockers Shelving Tables Trays food Miscellaneous See footnotes at end of table fcO Oi 276 T a b l e B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in F ederal p riso n s b y State system anc institution Continued P E N N S Y L V A N IA Continued Unit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value u s penitentiary continued Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Auto license tags Each Metal products Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits Cases and vegetables TE X A S FEDERAL CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION Total Tons Tons Bushels Head Pounds Dozen Pounds Cases Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value Construction Buildings Farm Field crops and garden Ensilage Hay Potatoes Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork dressed Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Poultry dressed Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables State account P R I S O N L A B O R IN T H E U N I T E D STATES Institution and articles produced Quantity and value of articles produced under each system Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value V IR G IN IA FEDERAL REFORMATORY Total Pounds Head Pounds Bushels Bushels Tons Tons Tons Bushels Bushels Bushels Bushels Tons Head Pounds Cases W A S H IN G T O N U S PENITENTIARY Total Clothing Aprons Coats work Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Pants work Shirts work Shoes repaired Underwear men s and boys Miscellaneous Construction Buildings See footnotes a t end of table t Dozen i DozenDozen L Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs DozenEach APPENDIX A G E N E R A L TABLES Construction Buildings Farm Cattle Beef dressed Cattle Milk whole Miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Barley Corn field Ensilage Fodder Hay Oats Peanuts Potatoes Rye Straw Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Pork d re s se d Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables fcO B K in d T able qu antity and value o f articles produced in F ederal p riso n s b y State system and institution Continued W A SH IN G TO N C ontinued Quantity and v lue of articles produced under each system AverUnit Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value u s penitentiary continued Construction Major repairs to buildings Construction Major repairs to roads Construction Roads new M iles Construction Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Beef dressed Pounds Cattle Head Milk whole Pounds Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Hogs Head Pork dressed Pounds Farm Poultry and poultry products Eggs Dozen Poultry dressed Pounds Poultry live Head Furniture Other than metal or wood Repairs Printing and binding Miscellaneous Textile products Bags cloth Dozen Pillowcases Dozen Sheets Dozen Towels Dozen Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Cases D o State account Quantity Value Piece price Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S 1940 Institution and articles produced num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value W EST V IR G IN IA ALL INSTITUTIONS Total Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen D ozen Pairs Dozen Dozen Each Miles Head Pounds Head Pounds Each Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen 5 FEDERAL PRISON CAM P Total Construction Buildings Construction R o a d s V Each K A APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Shirts work Shoes new Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Construction Buildings Construction Roads Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden Miscellaneous Farm Hogs Laundry commercial Textile products Flags Parachutes meteorological Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables FEDERAL REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN Total See footnotes at end of table to 1 C O 280 T able B K in d quantity and value o f articles produced in F ederal p riso n s fry State system and institution Continued W EST V IR G IN IA C on tin ued FEDERAL REFORMATORY FOR WOMEN continued Clothing Aprons Coats dress Coats work Dresses Hats and caps Overalls Pajamas and nightgowns Shirts work Shoes new slippers Underwear men s and boys Underwear women s and children s Miscellaneous Farm Dairy Cattle Milk whole Farm Field crops and garden M iseellaneons Farm Hogs Laundry commercial Textile products Flags Parachutes meteorological Pillowcases Sheets Spreads Towels Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Canned fruits and vegetables Unit Dozen Each Dozen Each Dozen Dozen Dozen Dozen Pairs Dozen Dozen Head Pounds Head Pounds Each Each Dozen Dozen Each Dozen Enumeration impracticable 2 Requiring less than the full time work of 1 prisoner for a year 310 percent complete Public works and ways State use Quantity Value Quantity Value State account Quantity Piece price Value Quantity and value of articles produced undpr each system Quantity Value PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 Institution and articles produced Aver age num ber of Total pris oners em ployed Quantity Value A ppen dix B In dex o f Item s Produced in State and Federal P risons An index of the products of State and Federal prisons showing both the type of production and the subheading under which arti cles have been classified in the tables is shown in the following table In d ex o f P rod u cts o f State and F ederal in stitu tion s Included under Article produced service or operation Subheading A dditions to buildings Alterations and installations Agricultural implements Agricultural implements Agricultural implement parts Agricultural implement parts Alterations and installations Alterations and installations Type of production Construction Major repairs to build ings Agricultural implements Do Construction Major repairs to build ings Metal products miscellaneous Do Clothing other than knit Metal products miscellaneous Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Textile products Aluminum castings Aluminum ware Aprons Auto chains Auto license tags Castings Aluminum ware Aprons Miscellaneous metal products Auto license tags Autos repaired and painted Awnings Repairs Miscellaneous textile products B acon produced in abat toir Bacon produced on farm Bags cloth Bags jute or burlap Bags leather Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Miscellaneous farm Bags cloth do Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Bakery products commercial Farm Hogs Textile products Do Other manufactured products Bakery products commer cial Bandages Barley Baskets fruit or vegetable Baskets other than fruit or vegetable Bathrobes Beds metal Beds wood Bedsprings Beef dressed from abbatoir Beef dressed from beef cattle Beef dressed from dairy cattle Beetle traps Beets sugar or stock Belts cloth Benches other than work Benches work metal Benches work wood Binder twine Binders farm Binders loose leaf Blanketing wool Blankets Blocks cinder or concrete Bloomers Blouses boys Blouses middy Bookbinding Bookcases metal Bookcases wood Bookends metal Books blank Books rebound Boundary markers Bakery products commercial Miscellaneous textile products Textile products Miscellaneous farm Farm Field crops and garden Baskets Wood products do Miscellaneous clothing Beds do Miscellaneous furniture Beef dressed do Clothing other than knit Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Other manufactured products Farm Cattle do Farm Dairy Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous farm Miscellaneous clothing Benches Miscellaneous furniture do Binder twine Agricultural implements Miscellaneous printing and binding Wool yard goods Blankets Concrete blocks Underwear women s and children s Shirts dress Miscellaneous clothing Bookbinding and blank books Miscellaneous furniture do Miscellaneous metal products Bookbinding and blank books do Concrete posts Metal products miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Clothing other than knit Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Cordage including binder twine Agricultural implements and parts Printing and binding Textiles Do Clay cement and stone products Clothing other than knit Clothing other than knit Do Printing and binding Furniture metal Furniture wood Metal products miscellaneous printing and binding Do Clay cement and stone products 281 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE S In d ex o f P rod u cts o f State and F ederal In stitu tio n s Continued Included under Article produced service or operation Subheading Boxes paper Boxes sheet iron Boxes wood Bran Brass castings Bread Breakfast foods Breakfast sets Brick Broom corn Brooms Brushes Buckets tin Buckwheat Buffets Buildings Bureaus metal Bureaus w o o d Butter Buttermilk Cabinets metal Cabinets wood Calves from beef cattle Calves from dairy cattle Canned fruits and vegeta bles Canning labor only Cans galvanized Cans refuse Cans tin Canvas Caps Cards and tags printed Cartons Cases exhibition metal Cases exhibition wood Cases filing metal Cases filing wood Caskets or rough boxes Cast iron articles not else where classified Castings other than iron Cattle beef Cattle dairy C em ent Cereals Chairs caned Chairs metal Chairs repaired metal Chairs repaired wood Chairs upholstered Chairs wood Chaise longues Chambray Cheese Chests of drawers metal Chests of drawers wood Chiffoniers metal Chiffoniers wood Chops feed Cleaning compound Cloth cleaning and polish ing Clothes baby miscella neous Clothing cleaned andpressed Clothing miscellaneous C lothing m iscellaneous labor Clothing repaired Clothing and textile prod ucts repaired and pressed Cloths miscellaneous Type of production Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous metal products Boxes Grain mill products Castings Bakery products commercial Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous furniture Brick and building tile Miscellaneous farm Brooms Brushes Tinware Miscellaneous farm Miscellaneous furniture Buildings Bureaus chiffoniers etc do Miscellaneous dairy d o Furniture wood Clay cement and stone products Farm Field crops and garden Brooms brushes and mops Do Metal products miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Furniture wood Construction buildings Furniture metal Furniture wood Farm Dairy Do Miscellaneous furniture do Cattle do Canned fruits and vegetables Furniture metal Furniture wood Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Other manufactured products Labor only Galvanized ware do Tinware Duck and canvas Hats and caps i Miscellaneous printing and binding Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous furniture do do do Miscellaneous lumber and timber products Castings Do Metal products miscellaneous Do Do Textiles Clothing other than knit Printing and binding Other manufactured products do Cattle do Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts do Repairs Chairs Repairs do Chairs upholstered Chairs Davenports sofas etc Cotton yard goods light Miscellaneous dairy Bureaus chiffoniers etc do do do Grain mill products Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Cotton yard goods light Do Farm Cattle Farm Dairy Other manufactured products Miscellaneous clothing Other manufactured products Metal products miscellaneous Wood products Grain mill products Metal products miscellaneous Bakery products commercial Grain mill products Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Wood products Metal products miscellaneous Grain mill products Furniture wood Furniture metal Do Furniture wood Do Do Do Textiles Farm Dairy Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Grain mill products Soap and other detergents Textiles Clothing other than knit Labor only Miscellaneous clothing Labor only Do do do Do Miscellaneous textile products Do Textile products 283 APPENDIX B INDEX OF ITEMS In d ex o f P roducts o f State and F ederal In stitu tion s Continued Article produced service or operation Included under Subheading Clover seed C o a l Coats children s Coats dress Coats women s Coats work Coffee roasted Coffins or rough boxes Type of production Miscellaneous farm Coal Coats dress do Overcoats Coats work Coffee roasted Miscellaneous lumber and timber products Collar and cuff sets cloth Miscellaneous clothing Collars do Concrete articles miscella Miscellaneous clay cement and neous stone products Construction not elsewhere New other than buildings and roads classified Cordage other than binder Rope twine Corn field Corn field Corn meal Grain mill products Costumers metal Miscellaneous furniture Costumers wood do Cots metal Beds Cotton Cotton Cottonseed Cottonseed Grain mill products Cottonseed m eal Cotton yard goods heavy Cotton yard goods heavy Cotton yard goods light Cotton yard goods light Cotton yard goods heavy Cottonade Millwork Counters wood Overalls Coveralls Covers furniture Miscellaneous textile products d o A Covers mattress do Covers miscellaneous do Covers table Cream Miscellaneous dairy Cultivators Agricultural implements Roads Culverts Miscellaneous furniture Cupboards wood Tinware Cups tin Curtains Miscellaneous textile products Pillows Cushions Cuspidors Miscellaneous metal products Farm Field crops and garden Grain mill products Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Farm Field crops and garden Do Grain mill products Textiles Do Do Wood products Clothing other than knit Textile products Do Do Do Farm Dairy Agricultural implements and parts Construction Roads Furniture wood Metal products miscellaneous Textile products Furniture other than metal or wood Metal products miscellaneous D airy products miscellane Miscellaneous dairy Farm Dairy Davenports Dehydrated fruit or vege tables Denim Deodorants Farm Field crops and garden Mining Clothing other than knit Do Do Do Other manufactured products Wood products Clothing other than knit Do Clay cement and stone products Construction Miscellaneous Cordage Davenports sofas etc Furniture wood Canned fruits and vegetables Other manufactured products Cotton yard goods light Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous furniture Desk and chair combina tions wood Desks Desks metal do Desks wood Disinfectants Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous textile products Diapers Drawers other than knit Underwear men s and boys Bureaus chiffoniers etc Dressers metal d o Dressers wood Dresses except house or in Dresses mate do Dresses house or inmate Dresses infants or childrens Miscellaneous clothing Duck Duck and canvas Textiles Other manufactured products Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Other manufactured products Textile products Clothing other than knit Furniture metal Furniture wood Clothing other than knit Do Do Textiles Eggs Electricity Enamel Ensilage Envelopes Miscellaneous farm Miscellaneous manufactured products Paint Miscellaneous fa rm Envelopes Farm Poultry and poultry products Other manufactured products Paint Farm Field crops and garden Printing and binding Farm hands hired out Farm products miscellaneous Feed mill Feed poultry Feed stock Fence snow Fiber articles Farm hands hired out Miscellaneous farm Grain mill products do do Miscellaneous manufactured products Fiber articles Farm Miscellaneous Under appropriate type of farm Grain mill products Do Do Other manufactured products Furniture wood 284 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATES 1940 In d ex o f P rodu cts o f State and F ederal In stitu tion s Continued Included under Article produced service or operation Subheading Type of production Filing cases metal Miscellaneous furniture Filing cases wood do Fish fresh Sea food Flags Flags Flagstone Stone4 building Flax fiber Flax products Flaxseed do Flax tow do Flour Grain mill products Flux limestone Stone crushed Fodder Miscellaneous farm Folders index cards etc Miscellaneous printing and binding Foot stools Miscellaneous furniture Foundry articles miscella Miscellaneous metal products neous Fresh fruit Miscellaneous farm Furniture miscellaneous Miscellaneous furniture metal Furniture miscellaneous do wood Furniture repairs metal Repairs Furniture repairs wood do Furniture metal Furniture wood Miscellaneous nonmanufacturing Textile products Quarrying and rock crushing Other manufactured products Farm Field crops and garden Other manufactured products Grain mill products Quarrying and rock crushing Farm Field crops and garden Printing and binding Furniture wood Metal products miscellaneous G alvanized ware Gleaning cylinders for hay loaders Gloves Gowns dressing Gowns hospital Grading T Grates Gravel Galvanized ware Agricultural implement parts Metal products miscellaneous Agricultural implements and parts Gloves and mittens Miscellaneous clothing Pajamas and nightgowns Land development Castings Miscellaneous clay cement and stone products Grain mill products Clothing other than knit Do Do Construction Land development Metal products miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Grits H am pers wicker Hams bologna etc produced in abattoir Hams bologna etc produced on farm Handkerchiefs Handles brush broom and mop Harness Harness repairs Hats straw Hay Hay loaders Hickory cloth Hides cured or raw Highway markers Highway signs Hogs Horses Hosiery Ice Ink Iron hollow ware Ironware sheet Insecticides Jackets lumber Jackets welding Jackets women s bed Jumpers Farm Field crops and garden Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Grain mill products Baskets Wood products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Miscellaneous farm Farm Hogs Handkerchiefs Miscellaneous lumber and timber products Harness Repairs Hats and caps Hay Agricultural implements Cotton yard goods light Miscellaneous farm Clothing other than knit Wood products Other manufactured products Do Clothing other than knit Farm Field crops and garden Agricultural implements and parts Textiles Under appropriate type of produc tion Highway markers Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Do do Hogs Farm Hogs Miscellaneous livestock Farm Miscellaneous Clothing knit Hosiery Miscellanous manufactured products Other manufactured products Do do Iron hollow ware Metal products miscellaneous Do Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous manufactured products Other manufactured products Coats work do Miscellaneous clothing Coats work Clothing other than knit Do Do Do K h a k i cloth Kimonos Knickers boys Knives Cotton vard goods light Textiles Miscellaneous clothing Clothing other than knit Do Pants Miscellaneous metal products Metal products miscellaneous Labor only M is c e lla n e o u s la b o r o n ly Lambs Land improvement Under appropriate type of produc tion Miscellaneous livestock Farm Miscellaneous Land development Construction Land development 285 APPENDIX B INDEX OF ITEMS In d ex o f P roducts o f State and F ederal In stitu tion s Continued Article produced service or operation Lard produced in abbatoir Lard produced on farm Laundry commercial Layettes infants Leather articles miscellane ous Leather finished or tanned Leggings other Letterheads Lime agricultural Lime ground Lockers metal Lockers wood Lumber Included under Subheading Miscellaneous Miscellaneous farm Laundry commercial Miscellaneous clothing Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts do Miscellaneous clothing Letterheads Lime and agricultural limestone do Miscellaneous furniture do Lumber Type of production Other manufactured products Farm Hogs Laundry commercial Clothing other than knit Other manufactured products Do Clothing other than knit Printing and binding Quarrying and rock crushing Do Furniture metal Furniture wood Wood products M ackinaw s Overcoats Mail pouches or sacks Bags cloth Mangels Miscellaneous farm Manhole covers and rings Castings Manure Miscellaneous farm Masks operating Miscellaneous textile products Mats fiber do Mats rubber old tires Miscellaneous manufactured prod Clothing other than knit Textile products Farm Field crops and garden Metal products miscellaneous Under appropriate type of farm Textile products Do Other manufactured products Mats textile including rag Mattresses Mattresses renovated Metal articles miscellaneous Milk skimmed Milk whole Millwork Mirrors Miscellaneous manufactured articles Mittens Molasses produced on farm Molasses produced in sugar mill Monuments Textile products Furniture other than metal or wood Do Metal products miscellaneous Farm Dairy Do Wood products Furniture wood Other manufactured products Miscellaneous textile products Mattresses Repairs Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous dairy Milk whole Millwork Miscellaneous furniture Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Gloves and mittens Miscellaneous farm do Clothing other than knit Farm Miscellaneous Sugar Clay cement and stone products Miscellaneous clay cement and stone products Mopheads Mops Mops d o Mowers Agricultural implements Muslin Cotton yard goods light Textile products Brooms brushes and mops Agricultural implements and parts Textiles N apkins Neckties Nightgowns and nightshirts Nightgowns infants Nursery stock Miscellaneous textile products Miscellaneous clothing Pajamas and nightgowns Miscellaneous clothing Miscellaneous farm Textile products Clothing other than knit Do Do Farm Miscellaneous O ats Ottomans Overalls Overalls children s Overcoating Overcoats do Miscellaneous furniture Overalls Children s playsuits Wool yard goods Overcoats Farm Field crops and garden Furniture wood Clothing other than knit Do Textiles Clothing other than knit Pads bed protector Pads cot Pads silence Pails tin Paint Pamphlets Pajamas Pans tin Pants dress Pants work Peanuts Pedestals Petticoats Pigs Pillowcases Pillows Pillows renovated Pipe concrete Ply goods Miscellaneous textile products Mattresses Miscellaneous textile products Tinware Paint Miscellaneous printing and binding Pajamas and nightgowns Tinware Pants do Miscellaneous farm Miscellaneous furniture Underwear women s and children s Hogs Pillowcases Pillows Repairs Concrete pipe Rope Textile products Furniture other than metal or wood Textile products Metal products miscellaneous Paint Printing and binding Clothing other than knit Metal products miscellaneous Clothing other than knit Do Farm Field crops and garden Furniture wood Clothing other than knit Farm Hogs Textile products Furniture other than metal or wood Do Clay cement and stone products Cordage 286 PRISON LABOR IN THEl UNITED STATES Index o f Products o f State and Federal Institutions Continued Included under Article produced service or operation Subheading Polish floor or furniture Miscellaneous manufactured pro ducts Polish metal do Pork dressed produced in Pork dressed abbatoir Pork dressed produced on do farm Posts concrete Concrete posts Posts wood Miscellaneous lumber and timber products Potatoes sweet Potatoes Potatoes white do Poultry dressed Miscellaneous farm Type of production Other manufactured products Farm Hogs Clay cement and stone products Wood products Poultry live Powder scouring Printing miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Do Farm Poultry and poultry pro ducts do Do Soap Soap and other detergents Miscellaneous printing and binding Printing and binding Racks iron Rags Rain capes Rakes delivery Rakes dump Reforestation Repair and shop work Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous textile products Miscellaneous clothing Agricultural implements do Land development Repairs Rice Roads new Roads repaired Rompers children s Rope Rugs wool R ye Miscellaneous farm Roads Roads repaired Miscellaneous clothing Rope Miscellaneous textile products Miscellaneous farm Salvaged products Repairs Sand Miscellaneous clay cement and Sanitaries Sausage produced in ab batoir Sausage produced on farm Scarfs dresser and table Scotched tow flax Scrapers street broom Settees Shades window Sheep Sheet metal articles miscel laneous Sheeting Sheets Sheets drop duck Sheets rubber Shelves metal Shelves w ood Shelving metal Shelving wood Shipping cases Shirting Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Signs metal Signs repaired Slaughtering in abbatoir Slaughtering on farm Slippers Slips Smocks Soap bar chips and powder Soap liquid Sofas Softeners water Metal products miscellaneous Textile products Clothing other than knit Agricultural implements and parts Do Construction Land development Under appropriate type of pro duction Farm Field crops and garden Construction Roads Construction Major repairs to roads Clothing other than knit Cordage Textile products Farm Field crops and gardens Under appropriate type of pro duction Quarrying and rock crushing stone products Miscellaneous textile products Textile products Miscellaneous Other manufactured products M iscellaneous f arm Miscellaneous textile products Flax products Miscellaneous metal products Davenports sofas etc Miscellaneous textile products Miscellaneous livestock Miscellaneous metal products Farm Hogs Textile products Other manufactured products Metal products miscellaneous Furniture wood Textile products Farm Miscellaneous Metal products miscellaneous Cotton yard goods light Sheets Miscellaneous textile products do Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous furniture Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous furniture Boxes Cotton yard goods light Shirts dress Shirts work Shoes new Shoes repaired Miscellaneous metal products Textiles Textile products Do Do Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Wood products Textiles Clothing other than knit Do Do Do Metal products Tags highway markers and signs Do Other manufactured products Farm Miscellaneous Clothing other than knit Do Do Soap and other detergents Do Funiture wood Other manufactured products Repairs Miscellaneous Miscellaneous farm Shoes new Underwear women s and children s Aprons Soap do Davenports sofas etc Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts APPENDIX A GENERAL TABLES 287 Index o f Products o f State and Federal Institutions Continued Article produced service or operation Sorghum cane Sprays insect Spreads bed Stains Stands metal Stands wood Steam Stepladders wood Stoker bars Stone building dressed Stone building unfinished Stone crushed Stone cut and dressed Stone dimension Stone products not else where classified Stools m etal Stools wood Stoves iron Straight jackets Straw Sugar Sugarcane Suiting wool Suits Suits play Sweaters Sweeping compound Syrup produced on farm Syrup produced in sugar mill Tablecloths Tables metal Tables wood Tags auto license Included under Subheading Miscellaneous farm Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Spreads Paint Miscellaneous furniture do Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous lumber and timber products Castings Stone building do Stone crushed Stone building do Miscellaneous clay cement and stone products Miscellaneous furniture do Miscellaneous metal products Miscellaneous textile products Miscellaneous farm Sugar Sugarcane Wool yard goods Suits Children s playsuits Miscellaneous clothing Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Miscellaneous farm do Farm Field crops and garden Other manufactured products Miscellaneous textile products Tables do Auto license tags Textile products Furniture metal Furniture wood Metal products Tags markers and signs Do Farm Miscellaneous Textiles Textile products Do Textiles Textile products Tags miscellaneous Tags miscellaneous Tallow Miscellaneous farm Tape cotton Miscellaneous textiles Tarpaulins Miscellaneous textile products Tents do Terry cloth Cotton yard goods light Textile articles miscellane Miscellaneous textile products Cotton yard goods light Miscellaneous textile products Brick and building tile Miscellaneous clay cement and stone products Tile roofing do Tinware Tinware Tobacco field crop Miscellaneous farm Tobacco chewing Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Tobacco smoking do Toweling Cotton yard goods light Towels Towels Toys Toys Trees Miscellaneous farm Trucks post office or laun Miscellaneous manufactured prod dry canvas ucts Trucks tongue Agricultural implements do Trucks transport Tubing knitted wrist Miscellaneous clothing Tubing pillow Cotton yard goods light Tubs metal Galvanized ware Turpentine Miscellaneous lumber and timber products Twine Rope Ticking Ticks bed or pillow Tile building Tile drain or sewer Type of production Textile products Paint Furniture metal Furniture wood Other manufactured products Wood products Metal products miscellaneous Quarrying and rock crushing Do Do Do Do Clay cement and stone products Furniture metal Furniture wood Metal products miscellaneous Textile products Farm Field crops and garden Sugar Farm Field crops and garden Textiles Clothing other than knit Do Clothing knit Other manufactured products Farm Miscellaneous Sugar Textiles Textile products Clay cement and stone products Do Metal products miscellaneous Farm Field crops and garden Other manufactured products Do Textiles Textile products Other manufactured products Farm Miscellaneous Other manufactured products Agricultural implements and parts Do Clothing knit Textiles Metal products miscellaneous Wood products Cordage U nderw ear knit Underwear Clothing knit Underwear men s and boys Underwear men s and boys Clothing other than knit Underwear women s and Underwear women s and children s Do children s highway 288 PRISON LABOR IN THE UNITED STATE Index o f Products o f State and Federal Institutions Continued Article produced service or operation Uniforms Uniforms prison Unionalls Included under Subheading Uniforms Uniforms prison Overalls Type of production Clothing other than knit Do Do Vanities metal Bureaus chiffoniers etc do Vanities wood Varnish Paint Veal dressed from abbatoir Beef dressed Veal dressed from beef cattie Veal dressed from dairy do cattle Miscellaneous furniture Venetian blinds Vests men s Miscellaneous clothing Vests women s Underwear Furniture metal Furniture wood Paint Other manufactured products Farm Cattle W agons farm Agricultural implements Wagon repairs Repairs Shirts dress Waists boys Wardrobes metal Bureaus chiffoniers etc Wardrobes wood d o Baskets Wastebaskets metal do Wastebaskets w o o d Miscellaneous textiles Waste cotton Wax floor Miscellaneous manufactured prod ucts Wheat Wheat Willow peeled for baskets Miscellaneous lumber and timber products do Wood fuel Wood products miscellane do ous Wool Miscellaneousfarm Wool yard goods Wool yard goods Wrappers women s Miscellaneous clothing Agricultural implements and parts Do Clothing other than knit Furniture metal Furniture wood Furniture metal Furniture wood Textiles Other manufactured products Y arn cotton Yarn cotton Yarn wool Yarn wool Textiles Do O Farm Dairy Furniture wood Clothing other than knit Clothing knit Farm Field crops and garden Wood products Do Do Farm Miscellaneous Textiles Clothing other than knit

Prison Labor in the United States, 1940 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 698

DATE: 1941

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Jones, Richard F. and United States. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Prison Labor in the United States, 1940 : Bulletin of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, No. 698 , Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1941, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/4192, accessed on December 14, 2019.

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NOTE: Continuation of similar studies of prison labor made by the Bureau periodically since 1885, the last previous study having been made in 1932--Letter of transmittal.

PUBLISHER: U.S. G.P.O.

PLACE: Washington, D.C

SUBJECTS: