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Keproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives \ ^ H - Jf * H Ob, y^, tf* \<1 H 3 I <1 *41 \ c\ H \ _5cxr V & w ^ H Ss \" i H e w , o _ I ’ *■• - * ' ^ ^ V ^ *5~ H < u^ 'S^V< - Q O lA -e ^ V _\ S K j (K >-«_ c~ ^ < \ Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives ABRAHAM FLEX N ER MAGNETAWAN, VIA BURKS FA LLS O n t a r io , C a n a d a August 19, 1959 Dear Win: Thank you very much for your sweet and kind note of August 15. I t is the sort of note th at I cannot answer in writing, but some day I shall t e l l you more than I can now say. Meanwhile, I hope that the work which you have so b rillia n tly begun w ill be adequately sustained and encouraged. Stewart is coming up early next week and I w ill write you i f anything emerges that i s of any in te re st or importance. is extremely kind of him to offer to come here. It I should have asked you, but you have had traveling enough and you should stay a t the Cape without interruption u n til you go to Princeton. You and Dorothy have won warm places in our hearts, and we shall do everything in our power to keep alive the affection that has developed between us in these l a s t few years. Give her and the boys my love and Anne's and believe me Ever affectionately, Q . Professor Winfield W. Riefler Orleans, Cape Cod Massachusetts AF/MCE r Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives THE INSTITUTE FOR ADVANCED STUDY Chairman A LA NSON (FOUNDED B Y LOUIS BAMBERGER A N D M R S . FELIX FULD, B. 1930) PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY Vice-Chairmen HERBERT H. TRUSTEES F R A N K AYDELOTTE HOUGHTON EDGAR S . BAMBERGER ALEXIS M AASS Director: WALTER W . STEWART abraham fle x n e r CARREL ABRAHAM FLEXNER J U L IU S FRIEDENW ALD JOHN Treasurer R. H A R D IN A LA N S ON S A M U E L D. LEIDESDORF August 12, 1959 Assistant Treasurer B. HOUGHTON S A M U E L D. LEIDESDORF HERBERT H . M AASS W IN F IE L D W . RIEFLER IRA A. S C H U R WALTER W . ■Secretary STEWART PERCY S. STRAUS E STHE R S. BAILEY O SW A LD VEBLEN L E W IS H . W E E D Assistant Secretaries M A R IE C. FJCHELSER LIFE TRUSTEES L E A H HARRIS LOUIS BAMBERGER M R S . FE LIX FULD Dear Professor Bieflers I take th is means to inform you that I sh a ll, a t the meeting of the Board to be held October 9, ask to be relieved of my duties as Director of the In s titu te , effective as of that date. I need not say that i f , pending the selection of a successor, there is anything I can do for the In stitu te , I shall be glad to comply with the wishes of the Trustees. I t is the desire of Mr. Bamberger and Mrs. Fuld that no publicity be given a t th is time to my imminent retirement. For your coSperatxon in the upbuilding of the In stitu te you have my h eartiest thanks and deepest appreciation. Sincerely yours, Professor Winfield W. Riefler Orleans, Cape Cod Massachusetts AF/MGE Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives ABRAHAM FLEXNER MAGNETAWAN, VIA BURKS FALLS O n t a r io , C a n a d a August 12, 1959 Dear Wins You w ill receive enclosed a formal l e t t e r which goes today to a l l the Trustees, but inasmuch as the School of Economics is the most recent and, I think, perhaps destined to be one of the most important contributions the In stitu te has to make, I am sending you a personal line to thank you for what you have dona and to express the hope that you will continue with your associates in a work th at is of the highest scholarly and practical importance. I t is my honest belief that the step which I am taking is in the best in te re st of the In s titu te . my seventy-fourth year. my time. In the early autumn I shall begin I have the feeling that I have rather overstayed On the other hand, I shall never lose my in te re st in you and your immediate associates and my pride in the novel attack which you and they are making on the tangled problems of economics. I have given a great deal of thought to th is matter and I have slowly reached the conclusion that i t is in the permanent in te re st of the I n s titu te . Now I shall dismiss i t from my mind and see whether there are any fis h l e f t in Luke Mimic. I am sending a similar personal l e t t e r to Stewart. Though Warren is not a Trustee, I am hoping that Mr. Stewart w ill l e t him read both le tte r s , for I wish you three to know how deeply I have become attached to you a l l , though i t is only f a ir to say that there are many others who have won my affection and confidence in the same measure. Anne joins in love to Dorothy and the boys, as well as your se lf. Professor Winfield W. Riefler Orleans, Massachusetts AF/MCE Ever sincerely, - J * T H E IN STITU TE FO R A D V A N C ED STU D Y (F O U N D E D BY LO U IS BAMBBRGER A N D MRS. FELIX FU LD , 1 9 3 0 ) P R IN C E T O N , N E W JERSEY September 13, 1939 Dear Mr. Stewart and Win: I too have been thinking over our conversation on Sunday evening, and I had come to the conclusion that the matter was not left in thoroughly satisfactory shape. The faculty cannot really be consulted at this late date, especially in view of the fact that Mr. Bamberger has a strong predilection in favor of a particular person, just as he had in favor of me. Had Veblen never called those dinners, things might have been arranged in a leisurely way, but it is idle to pretend that merely going through the form now will satisfy the feelings of Veblen and those whom he brought over to his way of thinking, that is, that the faculty should be consulted* Meanwhile, Mr. Bamberger has returned to town, and he called me up yesterday. He spoke of the future and said he vias coming over to see me within the next day or two. I believe that nothing will be gained by allowing him practically to name my successor and meanwhile going through the form of asking the professors whom they want# If Mr* Bamberger should say to me, as I believe he may, that he wishes a particular choice at this time, I think there is nothing for us to do but accept it, unless it is an absurd choice, in which case I would argue it out with him. If the choice is one which seems to be the only available selection, my judgment would be that the faculty should learn of it after the election on October 9, for there is no possibility, in my opinion, of a real consultation between now and that date* Men are busy with war problems, with the openings of their own institutions, and otherwise* I shall ask Mr* Bamberger what he wishes, and how he wishes it to be done, and if there is anybody in the faculty who resents it, I think that my successor will be lucky if his resentment leads to his resignation, of which, however, I think there is not the least danger* I shall myself tell Veblen that the manner in which the choice v/as made was altogether due to the fact that no dissatisfaction was even suspected until after the meeting of the Board last May, and that the intention of the By-Laws as well as my own intention was frustrated by the silly dinners which he, on his own responsibility, called without my knowledge until everything had been settled to his satisfaction* I believe, on mature reflection, that this issue has got to bd made for my successor’s sake. He must be in the saddle. If faculty meetings are called, he must call them and preside, and the only effective way of showing that such will be the future policy of Mr* Stewart and Mr. Riefler 2 September 13, 1939 the Institute is to go ahead and ignore the preferences of Veblen and those who agreed with him, or whom he persuaded to agree with him. As to the future, I trust and believe that the next man chosen to be Director will be chosen in an orderly way, with a definite date of retirement fixed beforehand, which will permit an orderly procedure in the choice of his successor. The present situa tion is so tangled that I think the Trustees will simply have to take the bull by the horns and proceed, whether Veblen and his friends like it or not. Indeed, there is a good deal to be said in favor of so proceeding, precisely because they will not like it* We are dealing with people who have no soruples and no experience - not to mention manners * Please do not believe that I am at all vindictive or that I desire to set up an unwholesome precedent* Precisely the opposite is the case: the persons viho set up the unwholesome precedent are Maass and Veblen, ■who took matters in their own hands after the May meeting, and I think it is in the highest degree important to my successor that they should be told exactly where they get off - and without delay. Don’t let this worry you, for it will not worry me. I shall talk with Mr* Bamberger and go through the form prescribed by the By-Lav/s. Consultation with the faculty is not mentioned in the By-Laws and has its own dangers, for under existing circumstances it is not practicable except with a longer time at our disposal; and with a longer time at our disposal Veblen would be pulling strings and using his personal influence to the uttermost. I was very, very happy indeed to see you both Sunday night, and I think it was a kind act on your part to go to the trouble to visit me here before going to Washington. With affectionate greetings, Ever sincerely, Mr* Walter W* Stewart Mr. Winfield W. Riefler Roge r Smith Hotel Washington, D# C* ------ e AF/M3E I am dictating this to Miss Eichelser over the telephone, P. S and she will sign my name to it. A.F. Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives May 7, 19^3 Memorandum Tot Dr. Aydelotte from: W. ¥. Riefler Subj ect 5 Contemplated Budget This is in response to your request for a statement of my contemplated budget for next year. I will deal with the separate segments in the follow ing paragraphs: Recurrent expenditures over which I have no control My big problem is the fact that a very large part of my income goes for life insurance, taxes, payments on the house and other recurrent ex penditures over which I have no control. The total amount is very close to $6 ,000 , allocated roughly/as follows: a. Deductions by the Institute for old-age pension and service of the mortgage on my house at Battle Road Circle, roughly $3,258.00 per year........... $3 ,858 .00 b. Other life insurance, taxes on cottage at Cape Cod, other insurance, amounting to about $600.00... 600.00 Payment to my mother who is dependent............. 1,200.00 c. 2. $! ,658.00 Children's education We are planning to send David to Harvard in June and Donald to either Deerfield or Andover, probably the latter, because it is cheaper; Tuition plus their clothes and travel expenses will come to not less than $1 ,500.00 each................................ . , 000.00 3 . Expenses for Mrs. Riefler and up-keep of house in Princeton We have never operated on a budget in which all of us are dispersed rnd I d> not know exactly how these expenses may work out. I do not see how it ould possibly be done for less than $3 ,000 .00 , however, in view of the lature of the house and repairs, heating, etc., that will be necess ary. I am afraid that sum may prove inadequate............ 3 ,000.00 Keproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives -2 - I4 .. My expenses i n London As M in is te r t o Great B r i t a i n t h i s item i s n e c e s s a r i l y h ig h . I must u ph old a c e r t a i n l e v e l o f l i v i n g and e n te r ta in m e n t to c a r r y t h e p o s i t i o n a t a l l , even though t h a t l e v e l i s v e ry f a r below t h e l e v e l m a in ta in e d by t h e Ambassador and o th e r American m i n i s t e r s t o Great B r i t a i n and d ip lo m a tic o f f i c i a l s o f o t h e r c o u n t r i e s w ith whom I d e a l . I must l i v e e i t h e r i n a h o t e l s u i t e i n one o f th e two o r t h r e e b e t t e r West End h o t e l s o r e l s e t a k e a f u r n is h e d s e r v i c e f l a t i n an a c c r e d i t e d apartm ent house. The l a t t e r a r e npw r a r e and t h e r e n t s , be ca u se th e f l a t s a r e fu r n is h e d , a r e not un der t h e r e n t c o n t r o l a n d a r e t h e r e f o r e h ig h . My p r e s e n t f l a t c o s ts 14 g u in eas a week w itnout th e a d d itio n s f o r la u n d ry , e l e c t r i c i t y , e t c . , which b r i n g i t to between 15 and l 6 g u in eas a week. When I have to g iv e o f f i c i a l d in n e rs f o r which t h e r e i s no p r o v i s i o n i n t h e exnense a llo w an ce, t h e c o s t i s v e ry heavy. I do not e x a c t l y know how I am coming out i n t h i s item as t h e excerstional exnenses a r e s p o ra d ic r a t h e r th a n c o n tin u o u s, bu t I would no t dare budget f o r l e s s th a n $ 7, 500. 00, . . . . . . . . ............................. ................. .. ? , 500.00 5. The above item s produce a t o t a l budget o f a l i t t l e over $ 19, 000. To meet th e s e expenses I have from the Board o f Economic W arfare a s a l a r y o f $ 9,600 and a p e r diem allow ance o f $ 7.00 per day w h ile I am away from t h i s c o u n try . These two should work out a t about $ 1 1 ,0 0 0 . The amount t h a t I need i n a d d i t i o n to c a r r my t o t a l budget o b v io u sly depends on what t h e new t a x b i l l w i l l be and how i t i s a p p l i e d . At th e r a t e s c a r r i e d , i n th e 19U2 t a x b i l l , I b e lie v e I would j u s t about b re a k even, w ith my f u l l I n s t i t u t e s a l a r y . What I mean by t h i s i s t h a t th e ta x e s on my t o t a l ta x a b l e IncOfifr o f $ 26,000 would b e about $ 6,000 o r $ 7, 000, l e a v i n g about enough to cover my b u d g e t. Ho one knows to d a y what th e a c t u a l t a x to be a n p l i e d to t h i s c a l c u l a t i o n w i l l amount t o , s in c e the b i l l i s i n Congress s u b je c t to d r a s t i c changes every day. At p r e s e n t i t lo o k s as though th e r a t e s i n t h e new b i l l w i l l rem ain around th o s e i n th e p r e s e n t ta x and i n a d d i t i o n t h e r e w i l l b e some fo r g iv e n e s s o r postponement o f ta x e s due on l a s t y e a r ' s income. Should t h a t come about, an income o f a b o u t $ 1 2 ,0 0 0 from th e I n s t i t u t e d u rin g th e coming y e a r would meet my needs, s i n c e I would be a b le to a p p ly th e r e b a t e on l a s t y e a r ' s ta x e s ( w h i c h I have a lr e a d y p a i d ) t o t h i s y e a r ' s t a x . Should th e r e b a t e not go through, however, o r sh o u ld r a t e s i n t h i s y e a r ' s b i l l be r a i s e d t o ta k e care of any such re b a te o r f o r any o t h e r re a so n , such an arrangem ent would not be s u f f i c i e n t t o meet my e x p en se s. The tax situation is so uncertain that I can see contingencies in which '! might come out better than the above outline would indicate. Other Contingencies, however, "would produce disaster. Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives TH E IN STITU TE FO R A D V A N C ED STU D Y founded by M r. Louis Bamberger and Mrs. Felix Fuld P R IN C E T O N , N E W JERSEY May H , 194-3 Dear Win: I had the opportunity of talking over your budget for the academic year 1943-1944- with the Treasurer and the President of the Corporation. T h e y agree with me in thinking that you have worked the thing out very satisfactorily and I am instructing Miss M i l l e r to put you on the | 12,000 rate as from Jul y 1, 1943, at the same time making annuity payments at the usual rate, $750 from the Institute and $ 750 from your $ 1 2 , 000 salary. I send this letter to D o r o t h y and shall deal with her directly in financial matters while you are away. I am sending her two copies of the letter so that she will have one for her own files and one for you in London. W i t h kindest regards, I am Y o u r s sincerely, FRANK AYDELOTTE Professor Winfield W. Riefler Institute for Advanced Study Princeton, N e w Jersey FA/MCE Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives TH E IN STITU TE FO R A D V A N C ED STU D Y Founded by M r. Louis Bamberger and Mrs. Felix Fuld PR IN C E T O N , N E W JERSEY July 12, 1943 Dear Win: You will be interested to know that the Trustees of the Institute have during the past six months studied carefully the situation of the various members of the faculty in respect to annuities at the time of retirement. I am w r i t i n g this letter to inform y o u of the regulation c o n c e r n i n g r e t i r e m e n t and of t he p r o s p e c t i v e a n n u i t y to which you will be entitled from the collections made in your name w i t h the Teachers Insurance and A n n u i t y Association. The Trustees have passed the following regulation as to date of retirement: "That the date of retirement of any individ ual, except as it may be altered by a vote of the Board of Trustees, be fixed at July 1st following his sixty-fifth birthday, with the proviso that when the sixty-fifth birthday falls in the months of July or August the date of retirement shall be the 1st of the month following the date on which the individual becomes sixty-five years of age.” If my records are correct, you were born in February 1897, will become sixty-five in February 1962, and will be due to retire as of July 1st of that year. I am informed by the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association that you may expect a single life annuity at age sixty-five of approximately f6674»40* I a® told that there is a possi bility that this amount may be slightly increased by improve ment in interest rates as against the very conservative estimate upon which the T.I.A.A. figures are based. While your retirement is a long way off, I don’t think it too early to say that I hope you will continue after your retirement to carry on your researches in Fuld Hall and to participate in all the activities of the Institute. Yours sincerely, C \ c uju Q. FRANK AYDELOTTE, Director Prof. Winfield W. Riefler Princeton, Hew Jersey Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives Battle Road C ircls, Princeton, Nsw Jersey, Dec.7 , 1947. lion. Christian Herter, House Office Building, Washington, D .C . uear Christ I em sorry that I have delayed in giving ymr-m response to y„ur question about my willingness to head a reorganised, refinanced and enlarged School for Advanced International. Studies. Please forgive me. During these last tiaree weeks I have been busy ana more than preoccupied with the work of our subeoukission at Lake Success. In complete frankness I want you to know that my hesitation has two other reasons i on§, this is a venture to which I would expest to devote the rest of ay working life if I undertook it , and two, the exact n a tu r e o f the function I would play as head of the School itse lf has s t ill to be defined. The first consideration makes me wonder whether this is the thing I want most to do, if I leave the Institute for Advanced Study. The second raises naturally a host of questions. I find it is impossible for me to give you a firm commitment that undsr certain circumstances I would leave the Institute for the School. It i s simply too difficult to state a ll the circumstances that might be relevant at the time there was a real choice to be made, i . e . , at the time the school was reorganised, refinanced and possibly enlarged. I am going to give you, instaad, sty impression of the School and its possibilities, and as complete a picture as 1 can of soy feeling about my own future activities. First of a ll, 1 find the School intellectually exciting aa a conception and heart-warming as an actuality. The potential rep resentatives of this country abroad, both official and unofficial, must have a training that w ill prepare thom to understand and to meet the situations to tfhicfa they w ill be exposed. This need has been evident for seme time.y^T”ie longer^^owaxiBi represents merely a desirable goal at which to a ia . In tbs post, war world that is emerg ing it has becot&e almost a requisite to survival. This country also needs at horns, permeating the leadership in government, politics education, th press, the church, business and labor which is respon sible for its national decisions, an awareness of the nature of the world outside our borders end a feeling for ths farces in a l i th^ir variety that shape that world. I think it is fa ir to say that these Reproduced from fhe Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives urgent and pressing necessities cannot be ranppHsi. wwrnlj ljj rTHii.nl l ag « «s*w q1» or tars cr merely by creating courses of study and a graduate departments in foreign relations in our universities. •a m t lly jH lr tn -asy thai-thay w l l i n o t bw supplied without-* ma^sreffort-by our edireat i onsl ■ i «.atitut 1 nns. It has long been ray own conviction that wasiungton offers the idsul environment in this country for the type of educational exposure r t ~ f i r t ratUiBtr I wt biI that trains young people to recognise and to cose to grips with p o lit ic *!, social and economic problems as they are, and not merely as th«y appear in tha ideal world of scholarship* It is for this reason that I took ay own graduate training at Brookings. I have never regretted that exposure, Th~ss environmental considerations ere even mors important whent he training is for activity in the area of foreign problems than for domestic. Washington, in ay judgment, is unrivalled as a location for the school you are trying to build. iiy v isit to the School as it is this year was waimhig and cob* pletely reassuring* The atmosphere wets alive and stimulating. The names of the faculty, as far as I was acquainted with them were excel in t. The students, as far as I could see, were serious and full of drive. I like the decision you made to have the students live in . It creates th environment in which the student body/educates' itself* I like your insistence on asmall but fu ll time student attendance, and concurrently, your reliance fo r psrt of your faculty on the expert peroonnell available In Washington both within the government and outside. Most urban universities do the opposite. They tend to drift to a fu ll time faculty ana part time student body. I like the fact that you have tried to stimulate research aa well as teaching activ i t i e s , and the ingenuity and flexibility that i~ being shown in devising conferences and short courses for special grotps and special types of problems. 60 auch for the institution as it i s . I f it is to take rout, gras and perform its function, it will neea much mare smple scope in plant and equipawni, in peraonnell and in tho range of its activ i t i e s . Hue sise cf the student body leading to the master’ s degree is large enough, possibly too lsrge* I would like to see a situation where the possession of a degree fromthe School would assume pre ferred placement for the graduate. This means emphasis on quality and limitation on sise of the student body. I would like to see the training broadened so that tine degree frost the school would accredit the holder as readily to a faculty post in our great universities as it would to the Forsign Service. I agree that the conferring of the Ph D. should be very sparing, at lebst until the School has de veloped greatly, but l would like to see adequate provision in the 4V ^ ^ Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives plant, the equipment aad the fa c ilitie s , for tho School to be the natural locus where candidates for the PhD from other institutions, both at hams and abroad* wu>ld corns to prepare their theses. J nelly, I would like to see provision jtade for re&lly "advanced stid ie e ", i . e . for studies that cannot yet be taught because they are breaking new ground at the frontiers of knowledge * This mea^s provision for research activities and also provision W h o u s l T h s u p p o r t e d facilirU*-** W W ~ t h e individual projects *«4fe of professors who wish to do a piece of work in their sabbatical years, or of other experts, say, i roa the foreign service, who have jwr^appropriaie coutribution>to make, lin a lly , X would like to sea the School becoae the sane kind of center of contact ia iaahington for visiting foreigners statesmen, scholars and men of affairs as is the Ccwniil of Foreign Lelati^ns in Mew York, or Bhathaa goose in London. The School with its connections and contacts, as w ell as its research organisations usd publications, provides an excellent nucleus for growth ana development in these directions. To carry out that growth, however, w ilIn q u ir e funds iu volume, Ths present plant is exseiint fo r a saall school but little more. A larger plant end equipment wilx be needeu to provide for advanced scholars, for research fa cilities and for a wider range of out side contacts that would really tsp the resources of Washington. Much larger current fiu&ncing w ill elso be needed for faculty, for fellowships, f o r stipends, for research assistant* w d for publication. Endow^siit i s desirable but, not essential^ but the funds Bhoi Id bs sufficient to assure continuity over a period of several, say fifteen or tvs&ty, y e a rs. To demonstrate the essential character of the undertaking, and to assure its objectivity, Foundations and private individuals as well as business organisations shold be invited to participate in the financing. I.vary effort should be mede to enlist the interest and support of the whole comcounity. Positions in governasnt and business will inevitably absorb ths bulk of ths graduates oi’ ths School because they have the greatest need for trained personnell abroad, but there should be no impression that intaraat in tm School is confined to ti.ese two groups. Finally X owe you &y reactions about ay personal participation in tne venture. I cannot make a firm coomitai&nt now. I f I leave the institute for Advanced Study, it will probably be to associate myself acre closely with foreign problems. Leadership of the School, consequently, would be in tho direction I taa inclined to ffiove, i f I ©ova. I ton not =o clear tnat I wi~>h to devote ay energies to the itore academic aspects of foreign problems. I \ound ay war >ork in Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives London fascinating. I found that I like "eyeing" activities as #<*11 as analytical om s* la tfj.8 connection y uir assurance lbttonly that ny post at th* School wot Id be set up ijs such a *ay as to la^v© time for outside public activities but also/that it wouId enhance «y usefulness to the ichool i f I should #tnrtr, is attractive. For salary, 1 would need $25,000 per y e a r , witii suitable retirement arrangements and appropriate allow a/ice a for o ffic ia l entertainisent and travel. iaost important of a ll, 1 would want assurance the* you and the Board really wanted me, that you were both ia fu ll accord with developiug the kiiid of institution 1 have tried to sketch in this letter, that you were enthusiastic about it , that the staff of the School was equally sold, and that financing was in hand not only to inaugur ate this $jrp§ral program but to justify my personal participation. 1 would not want to find styself in a situation beset at the start by questioning support from the Board, or by resentment or friction frcm th: s ta ff• Neither would I want you to endeavor to add th« kind of position I have outlined for ayself on to a budget of the site and type Jfhich tLv School now has* As I indicated when we first discussed ay possible participation at Hot Springs, the scope of the School at present would not justify the increase jfer adminiat rat i OiT'in the budge t.>s that would be involved* v— ____ I have tried to be c aapletely frank iu this letter* Please do not neaitete to respond in kind. Whatever attitude you and your i-oard take to the kind of program I hare outlined, I .vili always feel honored u d proud that you raised the question «ith am? for discussion. As ever, »iinfield w* ij. oiler Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives B a t t l e Road C i r c l e , P r in c e to n , New J e r s e y , D ec.7 , 1 9 4 7 . Hon. C h r is ti& n H e r te r , riouse O ffic e B u ild in g , •ivashington, D.C. Dear C hriss X tm s o rry t h a t I h e re d elayed i n g iv in g you a re sp o n se t o y o u r q u e s tio n adout ay w illin g n e s s t o heed a re o r g a n iz e d , r e f in a n c e d and e n la rg e d School f o r Advanced I n t e r n a t i o n e l S t u d i e s . P le a se f o r g i v e me. During th e s e l a s t t n r e e weeks I have been busy and more th a n p reo ccu p ied w ith t h 6 work of our subcommission a t Laie S u c c ess. I n complete f r s n k n e s s I want you t o know t h a t my h e s i t a t i o n n a s two o th e r re a so n s : one, t h i s i s a v e n tu re t o which I wouxd e x p e c t t o devote th e r e s t of my working l i f e i f I un d erto o k i t , and two, t h e e x a c t n a tu fe of the f u n c t i o n I would pley as he&d of t h e School i t s e l f has s t i l l t o be d e f in e d . The f i r s t c o n s id e r e tio n makes me wonder whether t h i s i s th e t h in g I want most t o do, i f I le a v e th e J n s t i t u t e f o r Advanced Study. The second r a i s e s n a t u r a l l y a h o st of q u e s t i o n s . I f i n d i t i s im p o ssib le f o r me t o g ive you a f i r m commitment t h a t under c e r t a i n c irc u m stan c es I would le av e th e I n s t i t u t e f o r th e School. I t i s simply to o d i f f i c u l t t o s t a t e a l l t h e c irc u m stan c es t h a t might be r e l e v a n t a t t h e tim e t h e r e was a r e a l choice t o be made, i . e . , a t th e tim e th e scho ol we.s r e o rg a n iz e d r e f i n a n c e d and p o s s ib ly e n la r g e d . I am going t o g iv e you, in s te & d , my im p re ssio n of th e School and i t s p o s s i b i l i t i e s , ana as complete a p i c t u r e as I can of my f e e l i n g about my own f u t u r e a c t i v i t i e s . F i r s t of a lx , I f i n d the School i n t e l l e c t u a l l y e x c i t i n g as & c o n c e p tio n and heart-w arm ing as an a c t u a l i t y . The p o t e n t i a l r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of t h i s country abroad, b o th o f f i c i a l and u n o f f i c i a l , must nave a t r a i n i n g t h a t r f i l l prepare them t o u n d e rs ta n d ana t o m eet th e s i t u a t i o n s t o .vhich they w i l l be exposed. This need has b een e v id e n t f o r sane tim e . I t no lo n g e r, however, r e p r e s e n t s merely a d e s i r a b l e g o a l s t which t o aim. In th e post war '«orid t h a t i s emer i n g i t has become almost a r e q u i s i t e t o s u r v i v a l . T his country a l s o need 3 a t home ^-p erm ea tin g th e le a d e r s h i p i n government, p o l i t i c e d u c a tio n , t h p r e s s , t h e church, b u s in e s s and labor, which i s re s p o n s i b l e fo r i t s n a t i o n a l d e c i s i o n s , an awareness of th e n a tu re of th e w o rld o u ts id e our b o rd e rs enc a f e e l i n g f o r th e f o r c e s i n a l l t h e i r v a r i e t y t h a t shape t h a t worl:;. I t h in k i t i s f & i r t o say t h a t th e s e v " w'“ “ ''.|ivu ' wuwaoomcu i luiumys ui me iNaiionai Arcnives u r g e n t and p r e s s in g n e c e s s itj .e s cannot be s u p p lie d merely by foundi n g -a -b c h o o l.•or. too or merely by c r e a t i n g c o u rses of study and g r a d u a te dep artm en ts i n f o r e i g n r e l a t i o n s i n our u n i v e r s i t i e s . 1% -is eq.usJ.ly f i? ir t o say t h a t they jsrill not be su p p lie d w ith o u t 4 major e f f o r t by - our e d u c a tio n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s . I t has lo%, been my own c o n v ic tio n th & t Washington o f f e r s th e i d e t l environment in t h i s co u ntry f o r £he ty pe of e d u c a tio n a l exposure a t t h e g ra d u a te l e v e l th & t t r a i n s young people t o re c o g n iz e and t o come to g r i p s w ith p o l i t i c a l , s o c i a l and economic problems as tn e y a r e , and not merely as t h ’ry appear i n th s ide? 1 a or l a of s c h o l a r s h i p . I t i s f o r t h i s re a s o n t h a t I to o k my own g ra d u a te t r a i n i n g a t B ro ok ing s. I have never r e g r e t t e d the.t exp o su re. Th se e n v iro nm ental c o n s id e r a tio n s a re even more im p o rtan t w h e n t he t r a i n i n g i s fo r a c t i v i t y i n th e a r e a of f o r e i g n problems than f o r d o m e stic. Washington, i n my judgm ent, i s u n r i v a l l e d as a l o c a t i o n fo r t n e sch o o l you are tr y i n g to b u ild . fty v i s i t t o tn e School as i t i s t h i s y e a r rfas j/armi-.g and com p l e t e l y re& souriitif. The rt;;.osph^re was a liv e and s t i m u l a t i n g . The names of tn e f a c u l t y , t s f a r as I. aras acqu ain ted ,-/ith them ,?ere e x c e l i n t . The s t u d e n t s , &s f&r as I could see , .vere s e r io u s caid f u l l o f d r i v e . I l i k e the d e c is io n you made t o have t h e s tu d e n t s l i v e i n . I t c r e a t e s an environment in which the stu d e n t body \e d u c a tes i t s e l f . I li k e your i n s i s t e n c e on asms 11 b u t f u l l tim e s tu d e n t a tte n d a n c e , ana c o n c u r r e n t l y , your r e l i a n c e f o r i & r t of your f a c u l t y on th s e x p e r t p e r s o n n e l l o v a ila b le ixi vVashington both w ith in the government and o u t s i d e , iiost urban u n i v e r s i t i e s do tne o p p o s ite . They tend t o d r i f t t o a f u l l tiire f a c u l t y ana p a r t tim e s tu d e n t body. I l i k e th e f a c t t h a t you have tt i e d t o s tim u la te r e s e a r c h as w e ll i>3 te a c h in g a c t i v i t i e s , and th e in g e n u ity and f l e x i b i l i t y t h a t i i b e in g snotfn i n d e v is i n g co n fe ren c e s end s t o r t co u rses f or s p e c i a l groups and s p e c i a l ty p e s of problem s. So much f o r th e i n s t i t u t i o n as i t i s . I f i t i s t o ta k e r o o t , grow and perform i t s f u n c tio n , i t w i l l need much mare ample scope i n p l a n t and equipment, i n p e r s o n n e l l and i n th e range of i t s a c t i v i t i e s . The s iz e of t h e s tu d e n t body le a d in g to t h e m a s t e r 's degree i s la rg e enougn, p o s s ib ly t o o l a r g e . I would l i k e to see & s i t u a t i o n ■where th e p o s s e s s io n of & degree from the School would a s s u re p r e f e r r e d placem ent f o r th e g r a d u a te . This means emphasis on q u a l i t y and l i m i t a t i o n on s iz e of th e s tu d e n t body. I would l i k e t o see tn e t r a i n i n g broadened so t h a t a degree from th e sch o o l would a c c r e d i t t h e h o ld e r as r e a d i l y t o a f a c u l t y p o s t i n our g r e a t u n i v e r s i t i e s as i t would t o t h e F o reig n S e r v ic e . I agree t h a t tn e c o n f e r r in g of th e Ph D .should be very s p a r in g , a t l e a s t u n t i l t h e School has de v e lop ed g r e a t l y , bu t I would l i k e t o see adequate p r o v is io n in th s Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives p l a n t , th e equipment and t n e f a c i l i t i e s , f o r t h e School to be th e n a t u r a l lo c u s where c a n d id a te s f o r th e PhD from o th e r i n s t i t u t i o n s , b o th a t naae and abro&dm wot-la come t o p re p a re t h e i r t h e s e s . F i n a l l y , I would l i k e t o see p r o v is io n made f o r rec<lly "advanced s t u d i e s " , i . e . f o r s t u d i e s t h a t cannot y e t be ta u g h t because they a re b re a k in g near ground e t th e f r o n t i e r s o f knowledge. T his means p r o v is io n f o r r e s e a r c h a c t i v i t i e s and a l s o p r o v is io n t o house-P^supporli^t^id facilit a t t f ’^ h e i n d i v i d u a l p r o j e c t s -kuVlf of p r o f e s s o r s who w ish t o do a p ie c e of work in t h e i r s a b b a t i c a l y e a r s , or of o th e r e x p e r t s , say, i r o m t he f o r e i g n s e r v i c e , #ho have 0tT appropriate co j itri butiori* t o make. F i n a l l y , I would l i k e t o see t h s School become th e saae Kind o f c e n te r of contact i n Washington f o r v i s i t i n g f o r e i g n e r s s ta te s m e n , s c h o la r s and m n of a f f a i r s ^ a s i s th e C ouncil of F o reig n R e l a tio n s i n New York,7 or 6hatham v House in London. The School w ith i t s c o n n ec tio n s and c o n t a c t s , es w e l l as i t s r e s e a r c h o r g a n iz a ti o n s and p u b l i c a t i o n s , p ro v id e s an e x c e l l e n t n u c le u s f o r growth ana development i n th e s e d i r e c t i o n s . To c a rry o u t t h a t growth, however, w i l l r e q u i r e fun ds ii* volume. The p r e s e n t p l a n t i s e x e e l i n t f o r a sm all school but l i t t l e more. A l a r g e r p l a n t and equipment w i l l be needed t o p ro v id e f o r advanced s e n d e r s , f o r r e s e a r c h f a c i l i t i e s and f o r a w ider range of o u ts id e c o n ta c ts t h a t would r e a l l y ta p the r e s o u r c e s of ,W ashington. &uch l a r g e r c u r r e n t f in a n c in g w i l l a ls o be needed f o r f a c u l t y , f o r f e llo w s h ip s , f o r s tip e n d s , fo r r e s e a r c h a s s i s t a n c e aid f o r p u b l i c a t i o n . Endowment i s d e s i r a b l e te«t not e s s e n t i a l , b u t th e funds shai Id be s u f f i c i e n t t o a ss u re c o n tin u ity over s. p e rio d of s e v e r a l , stiy f i f t e e n or tw enty, y e a r s . To dem onstrate th e e s s e n t i a l c h a r a c t e r of th e undart; s in g , and. t o a s s u re i t s o b j e c t i v i t y , Foundations and p r i v a t e i n d i v i d u a l s as w e ll as b u s in e s s o r g t n i z a t i o n s / s h d l d be i n v i t e d t o p a r t i c i p a t e in th e f i n a n c i n g . Lvery e f f o r t should be uiade t o e n l i s t th e i n t e r e s t and su p p o rt o f th e whole community. P o s i t i o n s i n s Gverru;.ent and b u s in e s s w i l l i n e v i t a b l y absorb th e bulk o f th s g ra d u a te s of th e School because th e y have tn e g r e a t e s t need f o r t r a i n e d p e rs o n n e l! ab ro a d , but t h e r e should be no im p re ssio n t h a t ^ u t e r e s t i n tne School i s c on fin ed t o t h e s e two g ro u p s. F i n e i i y I owe you my r e a c t i o n s about my p e r s o n a l p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n tn e v e n t u r e . I cannot make a f ir m commitment now. I f I l.-ave t h e I n s t i t u t e f o r Advanced Study, i t w i l l probably be t o a s s o c i a t e myself more c lo s e ly w ith f o r e i g n problem s. L e a d ersh ip of th e School, c o n se q u e n tly , would be i n t h i d i r e c t i o n I txa i n c l i n e d t o move, i f I move. I am not so c l e a r t n a t I w ish t o devote my e n e r g ie s to th e more academic a s p e c ts of f o r e i g n problem s. I ound my war -/ork i n Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives f a s c i n a t i n g . I found t h a t I li/.e "doing'* a c t i v i t i e s as w e ll es a n a l y t i c a l o n e s. In t h i s con n ec tio n y o u r a s s u r a n c e ,n o t only t h a t ity post- a t th e School would bs s e t up in such a way as t o leave tim e f o r o u ts id e ,-ublic a c t i v i t i e s , but a ls o t h a t i t would enhance ray u s e f u ln e s s t o t h e School i f I should engage i n them, i s a t t r a c t i v e . ^ or s e l a r y , I would need $ 2 5 ,0 0 0 a y e a r , w ith s u i t a b l e r e t i r e m e n t arrangem ents and a p p r o p r ia te allow ances f o r o f f i c i a l e n te r ta in m e n t and t r a v e l . ^ o s t im p o rta n t of a l l , I would want a ssu ra n c e t h a t you and the Board r e & l l y w e n t e d me, t h a t you were both i n f u l l a cc o rd w ith d ev eloping th e kind o f i n s t i t u t i o n t h a t I have t r i e d t o s k e tc h in t h i s l e t t e r , t h a t you were e n t h u s i a s t i c about i t , t h a t th e s t a f f of th e School was e q u a lly s o ld , ana t h a t fin a n c in g was in hand not only to in a u g u r a te t h i s type of program but t o j u s t i f y my p v ra o n a l p a r t i c i p a t i o n . I #o u ld not want t o f i n d m yself i n a s i t u a t i o n b e se t a t t h e s t a r t by q u e s ti o n in g support from the Board, or by resen tm en t or f r i c t i o n from th e s t a f f . N e ith e r would I want you to endeavor t o add th e kind of p o s i t i o n I have o u tlin e d f o r iiiysslf on to a budget of the s iz e and ty p e -.vhich the School has now. As 1 i n d i c a t e d ,/hen m f i r s t d is c u s s e d ;'i.y p o s s i b l e p a r t i c i p a t i o n a t Hot b p rin g s , th e scope of th e School a t p r e s e n t .vould not j u s t i f y th e in c r e a s e i n the. budget f o r a d m in is t-ra tio n t h a t would be in v o lv e d . I have t r i e d t o be com pletely fra n k i n t h i s l e t t e r . P le a se do not h e s i t a t e t o respond i n k in d . Whatever a t t i t u d e you and. y our •-oard ta k e t o the. kind of p ro g ran I hs.ve o u t l i n e d , I w i l l always f e e l honored and proud t h a t ' y o u r a i s e d tne q u e s tio n « i i h ;m fo r d is c u s s io n * As ever, W in fie ld 3* R i e f l e r Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives London f a s c i n a t i n g . I found t h a t I l i k e "doing" a c t i v i t i e s aa w ell a s a n a l y t i c a l ones. I n t r a s c o n n e c tio n y o u r a s s u r a n c e ,n o t only t h a t my p o s t a t th e School wau I d be s e t up i n such a -ay as t o leave tim s f o r o u ts id e p u b lic a c t i v i t i e s but a ls o t h s t i ^ ewould enhance my u s e f u l n e s s t o t h e School i f I should e n g a g e r s " a t t r a c t i v e . For s a l a r y , I would need $ 2 5 ,0 0 0 per y e a r , w ith s u i t a b l e r e tir e m e n t arrangem ents ana a p p r o p r ia te allow ances f o r o f f i c i a l e n te r ta in m e n t and t r a v e l . Most im p o rta n t of a l l , I would want a ssu ra n c e t h a t you and th e Board r e a l l y wanted me, t h a t you were b o th i n f u l l accord w ith d e v e l oping the kiud of i n s t i t u t i o n i have t r i e d t o s k e tc h i n t h i s l e t t e r , t h a t you were e n t h u s i a s t i c about i t , t h a t th e s t a f f of th e bchool was e q u a lly s o ld , and t h a t financing, was i n hand not only t o in a u g u r a t e t n i s ty p e of program b u t to j u s t i f y ay p e r s o n a l p a r t i c i p a t i o n . I would not want t o f i n d myself i n a s i t u a t i o n b e s e t a t t h e s t a r t by q u e s ti o n in g su pp ort from th e Board, or by re sen tm e n t or f r i c t i o n from t h e s t a f f . N e ith e r # o u ld I *ifant you t o endeavor t o aad tht. k in d of p o s i t i o n I have o u tlin e d f o r m yself on t o a budget of th e s i z e and ty p e .vhich tn e sch oo l no*v h a s . As I m a i c s t e d when we f i r s t d is c u s s e d i.uy p o s s ib le p a r t i c i p a t i o n a t Hot S p rin g s, th e scope o f th e School a t p r e s e n t would not J u s t i f y tn e ioacrea*# i n th e budget f o r a d m i n i s t r a t i o n t h a t would be in v o lv e d . I have t r i e d t o be completely fra n k i n t h i s l e t t e r , p l s a s e do not n e s i t a t e t o re sp o n d i n k in d . '.Yhatever a t t i t u d e you ana your Board ta k e t o th e Kind of program I have o u t l i n e d , I . / i l l always f e e l honored aid proud t h a t you r a i s e d th e q u e s ti o n ;;ith me fo r Discussion. As e v e r , Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives September 2?, 1944* . -y -L •> v- •• Mr. Philip Reed, C h a t m a n o f the Board, General Electric Corporation, M ew York, S e w .York. DwPhSCU I wonder whether you would be willing, personally to talk to and size up Thoaas Loveday, who is living with us At the oootent ia Washington. H e Is the son of Alexander Loveday, the man who developed the economic work of the League of Na tions and was the ranking British official in the League and head o f the league staff nhich was located in Princeton fro®. 194© on. * -t, r f ^ I have known Tom since 1937> *ni saw a great deal of hiss while he lived in Princeton. He studied first at Andover and then at Princeton. In 1943, he volunteered for the Ameri can A m y rather than the British A m y , and after preliminary training was sent to Italy in plain clothes aa an arnqr detective. He spent over two years there, acting pretty ®u«h on his own, preparing the ■cases aad helping to prosecute murders- under the Jurisdiction of the Military Government. When he w a s .demobil ized, he returned to Princeton and then went to England to-fin ish at Caaibridge, specializing in econoodcs. Last y ear when I visited the family, Torn told am that he had decided he was an American rather than an £ngliahisan and wanted to coae to this country aa soon aa he had graduated. I told him that 1 would be very glad to sponsor h i* until he waa located here, and as a result h« arrived last- wets. He will acquire his American 'citizenship in about a month. That ia a afeo*t sketch. I think T o m is an absolutely outstanding boy, with zmrkwd ability. His command of languages and knowledge of foreign parts is, of course, extensive. He has great adaptability and ability to get on with people, so hje brings to a prospective employer not only a wide background and very firo scholarly ground in economies but also a gift for Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives ■iir. P h i l i p Rest p e rs o n a l c o n t a c t s . I would l i k e t o see h i a |t e t a good s t a r t , n o t in a machine but 'with souie p e rs o n a l i n t e r e s t and guicisn.ce by sosftfe— one l i k e y o u r s e l f . I t h i n k he ;a e rits i t . I d o n 't t m n k he *fOuld w aste y o u r tim e i f you should see him and s i s e him up. My- b e s t t o you and y o ur forthcom ing t r i p t o London. p le a s e g iv e ajy v e ty b e s t t o o u r mutual f r i e n u s o v e r "there. As e v e r, wiii-i; e l s A lso, Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives TH E IN STITU TE FO R ADVANCED STUDY P R IN C E T O N , N E W JERSEY OFFICE OF TH E D IR EC TO R M ay 6 , 19^8 Dear Win: This note will put in writing our understanding of the arrangements between you and the Institute for Advanced Study. As of July 1, I 9I48 you will be on leave of absence without salary. It is ray understanding that you p lan to devote the next years to the public service. Nevertheless, your colleagues and I wish to leave open the possibility of your return to the Faculty of the Institute should you in the near future desire to return. Both of us understand that if the commitments implied in your being on leave of absence become burdensome to either party, the matter will be raised between us and a more permanent settlement agreedon. Whether that would b e true for the Institute will depend in sons measure on the development of plans for work in t he general field in which you have been interested. With every good -wish for your success and your happiness in your new undertaking, and with every hope that your relations with the Institute m a y have some warmth and some usefulness in the years to come. Robert Oopenhaimer Professor Winfield W. Riefler School of Economics Institute f o r Advanced Study Frinceton, N. J. Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives THE IN STITU TE FOR AD VAN CED PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR STUDY Kay 6, 191*8 Otar KLsa Trint*rud* ProfMaor B taflar * i U ba on salary for tha matt fis c a l y e**. throughout ttda fi« « a l p r . of abaanea without Bis salary ahould ba paid fha Taaeharg Inaurane* a»* Annuity A *«ocl*tion «hould be n o tified th a t^a account H ill b« on an im m tem atatoa froa tha l * t of Jfcly, 1#»8, Id a* T rin ta ro d larfcitut* for Mvanead Study Copy tot Professor Winfiald Risflor Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives U n it e d S tates of A m e r ic a E c o n o m ic C o o p e r a t io n A d m in is t r a t io n O F F IC E O F T H E S P E C I A L R E P R E S E N T A T IV E IN E U R O P E PERSONAL Mr. Winfield W. Rlefler Board of Grovernors cf the Federal Reserve System Washington. w / D. C. Dear If in: Please forgive my very delayed repljr t o your letter of April 7th. I have not answered sooner because I was hoping up until yesterday that a development X v o u l d occur which would permit me to give Donald complete assurance of a position with us, Unfortunately this development has not materialized. However, the Personnel Officer assures ree that the prospects of Donald’s obtaining a position as a guard or messenger are quite good as the waiting list for these positions at present is not too long. Accordingly I am enclosing an application for:;: which Donald should fill out and return as soon as possible, as its receipt will determine .J.b position on the list of applicants. The Personnel Officer states that if )onald were to come over after graduation the probabilities are that an opening would occur within thirty to sixty days after his arrival. To be on the safe side I would figure on sixty nays, or a iitble longer during which Donald Eight find it advantageous and interesting to travel on the continent. By leaving his itinerary with us, we could communicate with him as soon as an opening turned up. The obtaining of security clearance is also important, but can.'.ot be inaugurated, I understand, until his pass port number is known. I would, therefore, suggest that you send ne that Information as soon as you know it sc that all preliminary matters can be taken care of before Donald arrives here. We continue to enjoy cur experience* in Paris and such other p a r t s of the continent as ^ have had an opportunity to visit. Best personal regards to Dorothy, Donald, and yourself. Daniel Marx, Jr Keproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives I, Uvi f BUDGET BUREAU NO. 4 7 -R064 APPROVAL E X P I R E S MAY 3 1 , 1951 FORM O S P - 3 3 DEPARTMENT OF S TATE FO R M E R LY FORM F S - 3 7 3 5-21-H 8 APPLICATION FOR E MP L OY ME N T IN THE FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE T H I S SPACE FOR O F F I C E USE ONLY UNITED STATES . P R E V 1 0 U S ____ C A R D E D ____ A C K N O WL E D G E D ( T H I S APP L I C AT I ON TS FOR F I E L D USE ONLY) IN S T R U C T IO N S — A nsw ers A ll q u estio n s not been answer m ust p r o v id e d under be for iteir: # 3 7 to a l l q u e stio n s answered be t y p e d If s u ffic ie n t fully . your a n s w e r or must t o any q u e s tio n , on a p l a i n p ie c e . I N D E X E D ______ I N V E S T I G A T E D _____ A C T I O N or p r i n t e d . space c o m p le te your ________________ O T H E R _____________ CODE has DATE OF A P P L I C A T I O N of p a p e r . 1. NAME IN FULL ( I n the c a s e o f S p a n i s h or P o r t u g u e s e or o t h e r dou bl e names, m o t h e r ' s f a m i l y name i n p a r e n t h e s e s . ) (Last) (First) (Middle) 3. 2a. NAME AT B I R T H , I F D I F F E R E N T FROM ABOVE 2b. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN KNOWN BY ANY OTHER NAMES 1 ATTACH PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN V I T H I N PAST 12 MONTHS □ Y ES Q NO I F ANSWER AND CI RCUMSTANCES UNDER 4. IS "YES ", G I V E NAME, TIME, PLACE, □ M A R I T A L STATUS 1 SINGlEl ‘ MARRI FP WIDOWED □ □ I TEM # 3 7 . add DI VORCED SEPARATED 5. DATE OF B I R T H ( Mo n t h , Da y , Year) PRESENT ADDRESS 6. PLACE OF B I R T H ( C i t y , Count r y ) 7. SEX 8. M FT. 13. DATES HOW C I T I Z E N S H I P WAS ACQUI RED COUNTRY FUL L NAME OF H U S B A N D / WI F E ( I f wi f e , mai den name) (b) PRESENT ADDRESS N A T I O N A L I T Y AT B I R T H 17. NAME 18. (a) (d) COUNTRY CITY L I S T EACH COUNTRY OF WHI CH YOU HAVE BEEN A C I T I Z E N G IV I NG DATES AND MANNER OF ACQU I S I T I ON OF EACH C I T I Z E N S H I P . 16. (a) (f) 1 2 . COMPLEXI ON LBS. ST REET TO DATES (d) COLOR OF H A I R D ES C R I BE ANY S P E C I A L OR OU T S T ANDI NG C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S OR I D E N T I F Y I N G MARKS FROM 15. I N. 11. 10. COLOR OF EVES WEI GHT HEI GHT FATHER’ S NAME PRESENT ADDRESS ( f ) N A TIO NA LITY AT BIR TH DATE OF B I R T H PLACE OF B I R T H ( C i t y , (c) le) PRESENT OCCUPATI ON (g) PRESENT N A T I O N A L I T Y Country) CHILDREN DATE OF B I R T H PRESENT ADDRESS (c) (b) DATE OF BIR TH (e) PRESENT OCCUPATION (g ) PRESENT N ATIO NALITY OCCUPATI ON PLACE OF BIR TH (City, Country) Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 19. (a) (d) (f) M O T H E R ' S NAME (b) DATE OF B I R T H PRESENT ADDRESS (e) PRESENT OCCUPATI ON N A T I O N A L I T Y AT BI R TH (g) PRESENT N A T I O N A L I T Y 20. R E L A T IV E S ( B r o t h e r s , NAME RELATIONSHIP S i s t e r s , and I n - l a w s w h e r e v e r NATIONALITY PLACE OF B I R T H ( C i t y , C o u n t r y ) (c ) located) OCCUPATI ON ADDRESS ( C i t y and Count r y ) n ' g e n J y T an°yS natR | o £ Ta [ V o r £ ? THl o c a l Mg 5 v e r n m e n ? ! HER ’ S I S T E R ' HUSBAND' W I F E ' C H , LD R E N ) who a r e e m p l o y e d b y a n y aNAME RELATIONSHIP NAME AND ADDRESS OF GOVERNMENT AGENCY 2 2 . L I S T ANY B U S I N E S S OR P R O F E S S I ON A L CON N EC TI ON S YOU HAVE OR HAVE HAD I N THE U N I TE D S T A T E S . NAME OF F I R M OR 23' ™ o ^ h1 p INDIVIDUAL E™ 25. RELATIONSHIP OCCUPATI ON LANGUAGES ( ‘''ame and I n d i c a t e the E x t e n t o f y o u r C ompet ence, i . e . , a . LANGUAGE b . SPEAK C . READ ADDRESS Excellent, d. ™E State) UN , T ED S T A T E S . I NDI CATE ( S tr e e t, C ity, State) Good, F a i r ) WRI TE e. UNDERSTAND TRAVEL ( I f you have e v e r t r a v e l e d i n a ny o t h e r c o u n t r i e s g i v e the d a t e s , d u r a t i o n and pur pos e o f s u c h t r a v e l . I f t r a v e l was m the U n i t e d S t a t e s , s u p p l y under i t e m i!37 a d d i t i o n a l d a t a , i n c l u d i n g type o f v i s a , p l a c e and d a t e o f i s s u a n c e , d a t e and p o r t o f a r r i v a l i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s , p l a c e s o f r e s i d e n c e i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s and the d a t e and p o r t of d e p a r t u r e from the U n i t e d S t a t e s . ) DATES COUNTRY FROM 26. ADDRESS ( S t r e e t , C i t y , U S T E D A B 0 V E ’ WHI CH Y0U MAY HAVE NAME 24. B U S I N E S S OR OCCUPATI ON MEMBERSHI PS. A MEMBER. LIST SOCIETIES, TO ASSOCIATIONS, PURPOSE CLUBS AND OTHER O R G A N I Z A T I O N S OF WHI CH YOU ARE NOW OR HAVE BEEN Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 27. 28. M ILITARY SERVICE s p e c i a I i t y , dates (Outline any of service, m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e p a s t or p r e s e n t , g i v i n g h i g h e s t r a n k h e l d a n d p r e s e n t rank. L I S T ANY T I T L E S , ORDERS OR DEC ORA TI ON S BESTOWED UPON YOU: service, unit 29. or o r g a n i z a t i o n . DATE EDUCATION 30. DATES ATTENDED NAMES AND L OCATI ONS OF SECONDARY AND HI GHER EDU C A TI ON A L I N S T I T U T I O N S ATTENDED 31. branch FROM TO DEGREES MAJOR SUBJ ECTS REFERENCES. L I S T THREE COMPETENT AND R E S P O N S I BL E PERSONS. NOT RELATED TO YOU BY BLOOD OR MARRI AGE WHO ARE P A R T I CU L A R L Y Q U A L I F I E D TO SUP P LY D E F I N I T E I NFORMATI ON REGARDI NG YOUR CHARACTER AND A B I L I T Y . ( Do n o t g i v e names o f s u p e r v i s o r s l i s t e d i n ans we r to q u e s t i o n #32. OCCUPATI ON ADDRESS NAME 32. EMPLOYMENT I N S T R U C T I ON S * ( I n the s p a c e s p r o v i d e d bel ow d e s c r i b e e v e r y pos i t i o n wh i c h you ha ve h e l d s i n c e you f i r s t began to work. S t a r t w i t h PRESEN T POSI TI ON and wor k ba ck to t he f i r s t pos i t i o n wh i c h you h e l d . Account for a l l p e ri o d s of unempl oyment and s t a t e r e a s o n s f o r a ny unempl oyment i n d i c a t e d ) . I f not enough s p a c e use C o n t i n u a t i o n S h e e t . _________ I F CURRENTLY EMPLOYED MAY WE APPROACH PRESENT EMPLOYER? DATES OF EMPLOYMENT ( Mont h, FROM: Year) □ YES □ NO EXACT T I T L E OF YOUR P O S I T I O N TO: NAME AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER SALARY OR E ARNI NGS S TARTING $ PER YR FINAL PER YR $ DUTIES NAME AND T I T L E OF I MMEDI AT E SUPERVI SOR REASON FOR D E S I R I N G TO CHANGE EMPLOYMENT DATES OF EMPLOYMENT ( Mont h, FROM: Year) EXACT T I T L E OF YOUR P O S I T I O N TO: NAME AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER SALARY OR EARNI NGS STARTING $ PER YR FINAL PER YR $ DUTIES NAME AND T I T L E OF I MMEDI AT E SUPERVI SOR REASON FOR L E AVI NG DATES OF EMPLOYMENT ( Mont h, FROM: Year) EXACT T I T L E OF YOUR P O S I T I O N TO: NAME AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER DUTIES NAME AND T I T L E REASON FOR OF I MME D I AT E SUPERVI SOR LEAVING SALARY OR EARNI NGS STARTING $ PER YR FINAL PER YR $ Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives DATES OF EMPLOYMENT ( M o n t h , FROM: Year) SALARY OR E ARNI NGS STARTING $ PER YR. EXACT T I T L E OF YOUR P O S I T I O N TO: FINAL NAME AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER $ PER YR. DUTIES NAME AND T I T L E OF I MME D I A T E S U P E R V I S O R REASON FOR L EAVI NG 33. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN DI SCHARGED OR FORCED TO R E S I GN FOR MI SC ON D U C T OR U N S A T I S F A C T O R Y S E R V I C E FROM ANY P O S I T I O N ? □ 34a. YES NO I F ANSWER I S " Y E S" G I V E FULL D E T A I L S UNDER YES □ □ NO W I T H I N THE PAST 12 MONTHS, ITEM # 3 7 . HAVE YOU EVER BEEN UNDER TREATMENT FOR A MENTAL OR EMOTI ONAL D I S O R D E R ? HAVE YOU NOW OR HAVE YOU EVER HAD ANY P H Y S I C A L DEFECTS OR D I S A B I L I T I E S WHATSOEVER? □ d. □ YES □ □ YES □ HAVE YOU EVER HAD T U BERCULOS I S? □ NO YES □ NO WERE YOU EVER M E D I C A L L Y DI SCHARGED FROM THE ARMED HAVE YOU FREQUENTLY USED I N T O X I C A T I N G BEVERAGES TO EXCESS? C. FORCES? NO □ YES □ NO f. I F ANY OF YOUR ANSWERS TO ANY OF THE ABOVE I S " Y E S ” G I V E F U L L P A R T I C U L A R S UNDER I TEM # 3 7 . 35. DO YOU ADVOCATE OR HAVE YOU EVER ADVOCATED, OR ARE YOU NOW OR HAVE YOU EVER BEEN A MEMBER OF ANY P O L I T I C A L PARTY OR _ OR GA N I ZA TI ON THAT ADVOCATES THE OVERTHROW OF THE GOVERNMENT OF T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S BY FORCE OR V I O L E N C E ? □ YES C J NO I F ANSWER I S " Y E S " G I V E FULL D E T A I L S UNDER I T E M # 3 7 . 36. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN ARRESTED OR D E T A I N E D BY ANY P O L I C E OR M I L I T A R Y A U T H O R I T Y ? I F SO NAME THE A R R ES T I N G AUTHOR I T Y , G I V E T I M E , PLACE AMD REASON FOR SUCH ARREST OR D E T E N T I O N , AND THE D I S P O S I T I O N OR COURT A C T I ON . 37. USE T H I S SPACE FOR COMPL ETI NG ANSWERS TO ANY OF THE FOREGOI NG Q U E S T I ON S NUMBERI NG ANSWERS TO CORRESPOND WI T H QUESTI ONS. I F NECESSARY USE EXTRA S HE E TS OF PAPER THE SAME S I Z E AS T H I S PAGE. 38. ANY A D D I T I O N A L I NFORMATI ON WHI CH YOU MAY WI SH TO ADD: C E R T IF IC A T E OF CORRECTNESS F a l s e Sta te me nt on t h i s A p p l i c a t i o n i s I DO SOLEMNLY A F F I R M THAT THE DATE Ca us e f o r D i s m i s s a l . I NFORMATI ON C O N T A I N E D H E R E I N NAME AS USUALLY I S CORRECT TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE AND B E L I E F . W RITTEN AND WHICH W ILL BE USED AS O FFIC IA L SIGNATURE. Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives FORM D S P - 3 3 FO R M E R LY FORM F S - 3 7 3 5- 2i - < t 8 APPLICATION IN THE BUDGET BUREAU NO. 47- R064 APPROVAL E X P IR E S MAY 3 1 , 1951 DEPARTMENT OF S TATE FOREIGN FOR SERVICE EMPLOYMENT OF THE T H IS SPACE FOR O F F IC E USE ONLY UNITED STATES . P R E V I 0 U S ____ C A R D E D ____ A C K N O WL E D G E D ( T H I S AP P L I C AT I ON I S FOR F IE L D USE ONLY) IN S T R U C T IO N S — A nsw ers A ll q u e stio n s not been answer must p r o v id e d un d er be for iten, # 3 7 to a l l q u e stio n s answ ered fully . your a n s w e r or must be If t y p ed su ffic ie n t to a ny q u e s tio n , on a p l a i n p ie c e or . I N D E X E D ______ I I N V E S T I G A T E D _____ A C T I O N p r in te d . space c o m p le te your ________________ O T H E R _____________ CODE has DATE OF A P P L I C A T I O N of p a p e r . 1. NAME IN F U LL ( I n the c a s e o f S p a n i s h or P o r t u g u e s e or o t h e r d o u b l e names, m o t h e r ' s f a m i l y name i n p a r e n t h e s e s . ) (Last) (First) (Mid dle) ATTACH PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN W ITHIN P AST 12 MONTHS 3- 2a. NAME AT B I R T H , 2b. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN KNOWN BY ANY OTHER NAMES □ Y E S Q I F D I F F E R E N T FROM ABOVE NO I F ANSWER IS "Y E S " , AND CI RCUMSTANCES UNDER GIVE NAME, TIME. P LACE, M A R I T A L STATUS □ S I N G L E C H MARRI ED □ WIDOWED □ □ I TEM # 3 7 . 6. PLACE OF B I R T H Country) 7. SEX F 8. HEIGHT FT. 13. 14. FROM IN. 11. 10. COLOR OF EYES COLOR OF H A I R 1 2 . COMPLEXI ON LBS. P R E V I O U S ADDRESSES D U R I N G PAST TEN YEARS COUNTRY CITY L I S T EACH COUNTRY OF WHI CH YOU HAVE BEEN A C I T I Z E N G I V I N G DATES AND MANNER OF A C Q U I S I T I O N OF EACH C I T I Z E N S H I P . 16. (a) (f) WE I GHT STREET TO HOW C I T I Z E N S H I P WAS AC QU I R ED COUNTRY DATES (d) 9. (C ity, D E S C R I BE ANY S P E C I A L OR O U T S T A N D I NG C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S OR I D E N T I F Y I N G MARKS DATES 15. D I VOR CE D SEPARATED 5. DATE OF B I R T H ( Mo n t h, Da y , Year) PRESENT ADDRESS M add F U L L NAME OF H U S B A N D / WI FE ( 1 f w i f e , mai den name) (b) PRESENT ADDRESS N A T I O N A L I T Y AT B I R T H 17. NAME 1 8 . (a) FATHER'S NAME DATE OF B I R T H (e) PRESENT OCCUPATI ON (g) PRESENT N A T I O N A L I T Y Country) CHILDREN DATE OF B I R T H OCCUPATI ON PRESENT ADDRESS ( b ) DATE OF BIRTH (c) (d ) PRESENT ADDRESS (e) PRESENT OCCUPATION (f) N A TIO NA LITY AT BIR TH (g ) PRESENT N A TIO NA LITY PLACE OF B I R T H ( C i t y , (c) PLACE OF BIR TH (City. Country) Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 19. (a) M O T H E R ’S N A M E (d) PRESENT (f) NATIONALITY ADDRESS AT BIRTH 20. RELATIONSHIP LIST ANY CLOSE RELATIVES G E N C Y OF A NY N A T I O N A L OR LIST ANY Of INDIVIDUAL R E L A T I O N S H I P OR C L O S E N E S S a. 25. ( 'a me and I n d i c a t e LANGUAGE RELATIONSHIP t he E x t e n t b. PRESENT NATIONALITY OR wherever OCCUPATION HUSBAND, HAVE WIFE, AND HAD LISTED ABOVE, WHICH OCCUPATION C. READ PLACE OF BIRTH ( C i t y . Country) located) ( C i t y and C o u n t r y ) ADDRESS CHILDREN) WHO ARE A D D R E S S OF G O V E R N M E N T IN T H E EMPLOYED BY ANY AGENCY ADDRESS (S tre e t , C ity , YOU A- UNITED STATES. OR OCCUPATION o f y o u r C o mp e t e n c e , i . e . , SPEAK (c) MAY HAVE IN T H E ADDRESS UNITED (Street, State) STATES. C ity, INDICATE State) E x c e 1 l e n t , Good, F a i r ) d. WRITE e. UNDERSTAND T R A V E L ( I f you have e v e r t r a v e l e d i n a n y o t h e r count r i e s g i v e the d a t e s , d u r a t i o n and pur pos e o f s u c h t r a v e l , I f t r a v e l was i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s , s u p p l y unde r i t e m #37 add i t i one 1 d a t a , i n c l v d in^> t ype o f v i s a , p l a c e and da t e o f i s s u a n c e t da te and p o r t o f a r r i v a l i n t he U n i t e d S t a t e s , p l a c e s o f r e s i d e nee i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s and the d a t e and p o r t of d e p a r t u r e from the U n i t e d S t a t e s . ) DATES COUNTRY FROM 26. (g) SISTER, YOU HAVE BUSINESS NOT A L R E A D Y OF A C Q U A I N T A N C E . NAME LANGUAGES OCCUPATION NAME PROFESSIONAL CONNECTIONS FIRM OR 2 3 . LIST ALL O T H E R P E R S O N A L C ON TAC TS, 24, PRESENT RELATIONSHIP B U S I N E S S OR NAME (e) NATIONALITY (FATHER, MO THER, BROTHER, ANY LOCAL GOVERNMENT. NAME 22. DATE OF BIRTH R E L A T IV E S ( B r o t h e r s , S i s t e r s , and I n - l a w s NAME 21. (b) MEMBERSHIPS. A MEMBER. LIST SOCIETIES, TO ASSOCIATIONS, PURPOSE CLUBS AND OTHER O R GAN IZATION S OF WHICH YOU ARE NOW OR HAVE BEEN Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 27. M ILITARY SERVICE speciality, 28. LIST ( O u t l i n e a n y m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e p a s t or p r e s e n t , g i v i n g of s e r v i c e , h i g h e s t r a n k h e l d a n d p r e s e n t rank. dates ANY TITLES, ORDERS OR D E C O R A T I O N S BESTOWED UPON 30. NAMES 3 1. of s e r v i c e , un it 29. YOU: or o rg a n iz a tio n , DATE EDUCATION OATES ATTENDED AND LOCATIONS OF S ECONDARY AND HIGHER EDUC ATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ATTENDED REFERENCES. PARTICULARLY branch FROM TO DEGREES MAJOR SUBJECTS LIST T H R E E C O M P E T E N T AN D R E S P O N S I B L E PERSONS, NOT R E L A T E D TO YOU BY B L O O D OR M A R R I A G E W H O ARE QUALIFIED TO SUPPLY DEFINITE INFORMATION REGARDING YOUR C H ARA CTER AND ABILITY. ( Do n o t g i v e names of superv i s o r s liste d i n ans we r t o q u e s t i o n ^32. OCCUPATION ADDRESS NAME 32. EMPLOYMENT ( I n the s p a c e s p r o v i d e d be l o w d e s c r i b e e v e r y p o s i t i o n wh i c h you have h e l d s i n c e you f i r s t began t o work. S t a r t w i t h PRESEN T PO SITIO N and work back to t he f i r s t p o s i t i o n w h i c h you h e l d . Account f o r a l l p e r i o d s o f unempl oyment and s t a t e r e a s o n s f o r a ny unempl oyment i n d i c a t e d ) . I f n o t enough s p a c e us e Cont i n u a t i o n S h e e t . INSTRUCTIONS. IF C U R R E N T L Y DATES OF EMPLOYED MAY WE ( Mo n t h, EMPLOYMENT FROM: APPROACH PRESENT Year) EMPLOYER? □ YES EXACT TITLE OF □ NO YOUR POSITION T O: NAME AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER SALARY OR EARNINGS STARTING $ PER YR. FINAL PER YR. $ DUTIES NAME AND TITLE REASON DATES OF IMMEDIATE FOR DESIRING OF TO CHANGE EMPLOYMENT FROM: NAME SUPERVISOR ( Mo n t h, ■* EMPLOYMENT Year) EXACT TITLE OF YOUR POSITION TO: AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER SALARY OR EARNINGS STARTING $ PER YR. FINAL $ PER YR. DUTIES NAME AND TITLE REASON FOR DATES OF OF IMMEDIATE LEAVING EMPLOYMENT FROM: NAME SUPERVISOR ( Mo n t h , Year) EXACT TITLE OF TO: AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER DUTIES NAME AND TITLE REASON FOR OF IMMEDIATE LEAVING SUPERVISOR YOUR POSITION SALARY OR EARNINGS STARTING $ PER FINAL $ P E R YR. YR. Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives O A T E S O F E M P L O Y M E N T ( Mo n t h , FROM: Year) EXACT TITLE OF YOUR SA L ARY OR EAR N I N G S ST ART ING $ PER YR. POSITION TO: NAME AND ADDRESS OF FI NAL EMPLOYER $ PER YR. DUTIES NA M E A N D T I T L E OF REASON 33- FOR HAVE □ 34a. YOU EVER HAVE □ YOU YES WITHIN BEEN NO DISCHARGED IF A N S W E R NOW O R PHYSICAL d. HAVE DEFECTS OR □ f. YOU OR FORCED "YES" EVER TO RESIGN GIVE FULL YOUR FOR MISC O N D U C T OR DETAILS HAD ANY UNDER □ 12 M O N T H S , HAVE YOU FREQU ENTLY EXCESS? □ ANSWERS TO ANY OF THE YES □ ABOVE UNSATISFACTORY SERVICE YES USED □ e. NO WERE FULL YES □ NO IF A N S W E R IS " Y E S " GIVE FULL DETAILS UNDER POSITION? YOU EVER M E DICAL LY □ YES □ YOU EVER YES □ DISCHARGED FROM THE ARMED PARTICULARS UNDER I TE M #37. BEEN A MEMBER OF ANY POLITICAL UNITED STATES BY FORCE OR VIOLENCE? IT EM #37. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN ARRES TED OR DETAINED BY ANY POLICE OR M IL ITARY AUTHORITY? IF S O N A M E T H E A R R E S T I N G ITY, G I V E T I M E , P L A C E A N D R E A S O N F O R S U C H A R R E S T O R D E T E N T I O N , A N D T H E D I S P O S I T I O N O R C O U R T A C T I O N . 37. USE THIS SPACE FOR COMPLETING ANSWERS TO ANY OF THE FOREGOING QUESTI ONS NUMBERING QUESTIONS. IF N E C E S S A R Y U S E E X T R A S H E E T S O F P A P E R T H E S A M E S I Z E A S T H I S P A G E . 38. ANY ADDITIONAL WHICH YOU MAY WISH NO NO 36. INFORMATION HAD TUBERCULOSIS? □ DO YOU A D V O C A T E OR HAVE YOU E V E R AD V O CA TE D , OR AR E YOU NOW OR HAV E Y OU EVER PARTY OR OR GANIZATION THAT ADVOCATES THE OVERT HROW OF THE G O VE RNMENT OF T H E □ HAVE NO FORCES? IS " Y E S " G I V E FROM ANY I TE M #37. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN UNDER TREATMENT FOR A M E NTAL OR EMOTIONAL DISORDER? WHATSOEVER? NO THE PAST IF A N Y O F IS DISABILITIES INTOXICATING B E VERA GES TO 35. SUPERVISOR LEAVING YES □ IMMEDIATE AUTHOR m ANSWERS TO C O RRESPO ND WITH T O ADD: C E R T IF IC A T E OF CORRECTNESS F a l s e Statement I DO S O L E M N L Y on t h i s A p p l i c a t i o n AFFIRM THAT THE DATE is Ca us e f o r D i s m i s s a l . INFORMATION C O N TAINED NAME AS HEREIN USUALLY IS C O R R E C T T O T H E B E S T O F M Y W RITTEN AND WHICH W ILL BE USED KNOWLEDGE AS AND BELIEF. O FFIC IA L SIGNATURE. Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives FORM D S P - 3 3 DEPARTMENT OF STATE FO R M E R LY FORM F S - 3 7 3 5-21-H 8 APPLICATION FOR E M P L O Y M E N T IN THE FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE BUDGET BUREAU NO. 47.R064 APPROVAL E X P IR E S MAY 3 1 , 1951 T H IS SPACE FOR O F F IC E USE ONLY UNITED STATES . P R E V 10 U S ____ C A R D E D ____ A C K N O WL E D G E D (T H IS A P PLIC A T IO N I S FOR F IE L D USB ONLY) IN S T R U C T IO N S — A nsw ers A ll q u estio n s not been answer m ust p r o v id e d un d er be for iten: # 3 7 t o a l l q u e stio n s answered be t y p e d If s u ffic ie n t fully . your a n s w e r or must t o any q u e s tio n , on a p l a i n p ie c e or . I N D E X E D ______ I N V E S T I G A T E D _____ A C T I O N p rin ted . space CODE has c o m p le te your ______________ _ O T H E R _____________ DATE OF A P P L I C A T I O N of p a p e r . 1. NAME IN F U LL ( I n the c a s e o f S p a n i s h or P o r t u g u e s e o r o t h e r d o u b l e names, m o t h e r ' s f a m i l y name i n p a r e n t h e s e s . ) (Last) (First) (Mid dle) ATTACH PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN W ITHIN PAS T 12 MONTHS 3- 2a. NAME AT B I R T H , 2b. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN KNOWN BY ANY OTHER NAMES □ YES □ I F D I F F E R E N T FROM ABOVE NO I F ANSWER IS "Y E S " , AND CI RCUMSTANCES UNDER 4. GIVE NAME, TIME, P LACE, M A R I TA L STATUS □ SI NGLE C □ WIDOWED □ □ . I TEM add j MARRI ED D I VOR CE D SEPARATED 5. DATE OF B I R T H ( Mo n t h, Da y , Year) PRESENT ADDRESS 6. PLACE OF B I R T H ( C i t y , Country) 7. SEX M F 8. HEI GHT FT. 13- 14. 11. 10. COLOR OF EYES COLOR OF H A I R 1 2 . COMPLEXI ON LBS. PRE V I OUS ADDRESSES D U R I N G PAST TEN YEARS COUNTRY CITY L I S T EACH COUNTRY OF WHI CH YOU HAVE BEEN A C I T I Z E N G I V ING DATES AND MANNER OF A C QU I S I T I ON OF EACH C I T I Z E N S H I P . 1 6 . (a) HOW C I T I Z E N S H I P WAS ACQUI RED COUNTRY DATES (f) I N. S TREET TO FROM (d) WE I GH T D E S C R I BE ANY S P E C I A L OR OUT S T A N D I NG C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S OR I D E N T I F Y I N G MARKS DATES 15. 9. F U L L NAME OF H U S B A N D / WI FE ( I f w i f e , mai den name) (b) PRESENT ADDRESS N A T I O N A L I T Y AT B I R T H 17. NAME 1 8 . (a) FATHER’ S NAME DATE OF B I R T H (e) PRESENT OCCUPATI ON (g) PRESENT N A T I O N A L I T Y Country) CHILDREN DATE OF B I R T H PRESENT ADDRESS (b) DATE OF BIRTH (c) (d) PRESENT ADDRESS (e) PRESENT OCCUPATION (f) N A T IO N A L IT Y AT B IR TH (g) PRESENT N A TIO NA LITY PLACE OF B I R T H ( C i t y , (c) OCCUPATI ON PLACE OF B IR TH ( C i t y , C o u n t r y ) Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 19. (a) MOTHER'S (d) PRESENT (f) NATIONALITY NAME ANY OF I N D I V ID U A L RELATIONSHIP OR C L O S E N E S S LANGUAGES a. (^ame and I n d i c a t e RELATIONSHIP the E x t e n t LANGUAGE YOU BUSINESS NOT A L R E A D Y OF A C Q U A I N TA NC E . NAME PRESENT NATIONALITY (c) and I n - l a w s w h e r e v e r SISTER, HUSBAND, HA V E OR HAVE WIFE, CHILDREN) IN T H E ABOVE, WHICH OCCUPATION READ ARE OF G O VER NMENT ADDRESS fS tre e f, YOU MAY HAVE IN T H E ADDRESS i.e ., WHO EMPLOYED BY A N Y A- AGENCY UNITED STATES. OR OCCUPATION LISTED ( C i t y and C o u n t r y ) ADDRESS AND ADDRESS HAD PLACE OF BIRTH ( C i t y , Country) located) OCCUPATION o f y o u r Compe t e n c e, SPEAK OF BIRTH NAME PROFESSIONAL CONNECTIONS FIRM OR 2 3 . LIST AL L O T H E R P E R S O N A L CON TACTS , Excellent, d. City, UNITED State) STATES (S t r e e t , C i t y , INDICATE State) Good, F a i r ) WRITE e. UNDERSTAND T R A V E L ( I f you have e v e r t r a v e l e d j n a ny o t h e r c o u n t r i e s g i v e the d a t e s , d u r a t i o n and pur pos e o f s u c h t r a v e l . I f t r a v e l was i n the U n i t e d S t a t e , s u p p l y under i t e m &37 a d d i t i o n a l d a t a , i n c l u d i n g type o f v i s a , p l a c e and d a t e o f i s s u a n c e , da t e and p o r t o f a r r i v a l i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s , p l a c e s o f r e s i d e n c e i n the U n i t e d S t a t e s and the d a t e d p o r t o f d e p a r t u r e from the U n i t e d S t a t e s . ) DATES COUNTRY FROM 26. (g) RELATIONSHIP BUSINESS OR NAME 25. OCCUPATION NATIONALITY (FATHER, MOT HER , BROTHER, ANY LOCAL GOVERNMENT. NAME 24. PRESENT R E LA TIV E S ( B r o t h e r s , S i s t e r s , RELATIONSHIP LIST ANY CLOSE RELATIVES G ENCY OF ANY NATIONAL OR LIST (e) AT BI RTH 20, 22. DATE ADDRESS NAME 21. (b) MEMBERSHIPS. A MEMBER. LIST SOCIETIES, PURPOSE TO ASSOCIATIONS, C LUBS AND OTHER O R G ANIZAT IONS OF WHICH YOU ARE NOW OR HAVE BEEN Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 27. M IL IT A R Y S E R V IC E ( O u t l i n e a n y m i l i t a r y s e r v i c e p a s t or p r e s e n t , speciality, 28. LIST dates ANY TITLES, of s e r v i c e , ORDERS highest OR D E C O R A T I O N S rank held and BESTOWED UPON 30 . NAMES present giving rank. branch of service, u nit 29. YOU: or organization, DATE EDUCATION DATES ATTENDED AN D L O C A T I O N S OF S E C O N D A R Y A N D HI GHE R E DUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS ATTENDED FROM TO DEGREES MAJOR SUBJECTS 3 1- REFERENCES. PARTICULARLY LIST T H R E E C O M P E T E N T A N D R E S P O N S I B L E PERSONS, NOT R E L A T E D TO YOU BY B L O O D OR M A R R I A G E W H O ARE QUALIFIED TO SUPPLY DEFINITE INFORMATION REGARDING YOUR C H ARACT ER AND ABILITY. ( Do not g i v e names of superv i s o r s liste d i n a n s we r to q u e s t i o n #32. OCCUPATION ADDRESS NAME 32. EMPLOYMENT the s p a c e s p r o v i d e d bel ow d e s c r i b e e v e r y pos i t i o n w h i c h you have h e l d s i n c e you f i r s t began to work. S t a r t w i t h PRESEN T PO SITIO N and wor k ba ck to the f i r s t p o s i t i o n w h i c h you he I d « A c c o u n t f o r a l l . p e r i o d s o f unempl oyment a nd s t a t e r e a s o n s f o r a n y unempl oyment i n d i c a t e d ) . I f not enough s p a c e use C o n t i n u a t i o n S h e e t . _________ INSTRUCTIONS* IF C U R R E N T L Y DATES OF EMPLOYED MAY WE APPROACH ( Mo n t h, EMPLOYMENT FROM: NAME PRESENT Year) EMPLOYER? □ YES EXACT TITLE OF □ NO YOUR POSITION ADDRESS OR EARNINGS STARTING $ TO: AND SALARY FINAL OF EMPLOYER $ PER YR 'PER YR DUTIES NAME AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR REASON FOR DESIRING TO CHANGE E MPLOYMENT DATES OF EMPLOYMENT ( Mo n t h , FROM: NAME Year) EXACT TITLE OF YOUR POSITION TO: AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER SALARY OR EARNINGS STARTING $ PER YR FINAL $ PER YR DUTIES NAME AND TITLE OF REASON DATES FOR IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR LEAVING OF EMPLOYMENT ( Mo n t h, FROM: Year) EXACT TO: NAME AND ADDRESS OF EMPLOYER DUTIES NAME AND TITLE OF IMMEDIATE SUPERVISOR REASON FOR LE A V IN G TITLE OF YOUR POSITION SALARY OR EARNINGS STARTING $ PER YR FINAL PER YR $ Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives DATES OF ( Mo n t h . EMPLOYMENT FROM: Year) EXACT TITLE OF YOUR POSITION SALARY OR EARNINGS STARTING $ P E R YR. T O: NAME AND ADDRESS OF FINAL EMPLOYER $ PER YR. O U T IES N A M E A N D T I T L E OF REASON 33- FOR HAVE □ 34a. YOU EVER BE E N □ NO YOU d. f. 35. YES HAVE DEFECTS OR □ WITHIN THE DISCHARGED OR FORCED IF A N S W E R NOW OR PHYSICAL □ SUPERVISOR LEAVING YES HAVE IMMEDIATE IS "YES" YOU EVER GIVE TO RESIGN FULL HAD ANY b. FOR □ 12 MONTHS. HAVE YOU FREQU ENTLY INTOXICATING B E VERA GES TO EXCESS? IF A N Y O F ANY OF THE YOUR UNDER HAVE DISABILITIES WHATSOEVER? NO PAST FOR MISC O N D U C T OR DETAILS ANSWERS TO □ YES □ ABOVE YOU □ USED BEEN FULL YES c_i NO IF A N S W E R IS " Y E S " GIVE FULL DETAILS UNDER HAVE DISORDER? YOU EVER M E DICALL Y □ YES PARTICULARS □ POSITION? YOU EVER DISCHARGED YES □ FROM THE I T E M #37. 37. U S E -THIS S P A C E F O R C O M P L E T I N G A N S W E R S T O A N Y O F T H E F O R E G O I N G Q U E S T I O N S N U M B E R I N G QUESTIONS. IF N E C E S S A R Y U S E E X T R A S H E E T S O F P A P E R T H E S A M E S I Z E A S T H I S P A G E . 38. ANY ADDITIONAL TO ARMED ITEM #37. HAVE YOU EVER BEEN A R R E S T E D OR D E T A I N E D BY A N Y P O L I C E OR M I L I T A R Y A U T H O R I T Y ? IF S O N A M E T H E A R R E S T I N G ITY, G I V E T I M E , P L A C E A N D R E A S O N F O R S U C H A R R E S T O R D E T E N T I O N , A N D T H E D I S P O S I T I O N O R C O U R T A C T I O N . YOU MAY WISH NO BEEN A M E M B E R OF A N Y P O L I T I C A L UNITED STATES BY FORCE OR V I OLENCE? 36. INFORMATION WHICH HAD TUBERCULOSIS? NO UNDER DO YOU A D V O C A T E OR HA V E YOU E V E R A D V O CA TED , OR A R E YO U NOW OR HAVE YO U EVE R P A R T Y OR O R G A N I Z A T I O N TH A T A D V O C A T E S T H E O V E R T H R O W OF T H E G O V E R N M E N T OF T H E □ C. TREATMENT □ FORCES? "YES" G I V E UNDER EMOTIONAL NO WERE NO IS EVER A M ENTAL OR YES UNS ATISFA CTORY S E RVICE FROM ANY I T EM #37. ANSWERS AUTHOR TO CORRESPOND WITH ADD: C E R T IF IC A T E OF CORRECTNESS F a l s e S t a t ement on t h i s A p p l i c a t i o n I DO SOLEMNLY/AFJp IRM T H A T T H E DATE is Ca us e f o r D i s m i s s a l , INFORMATION C O NTAINE D HEREIN IS C O R R E C T T O T H E B E S T O F M Y KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEF. NAME AS USUALLY W R ITTE N AND WHI CH W I L L BE USED AS O F F I C I A L S I G N A T U R E . Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH INCORPORATED OFFICERS: C. Reinold Noyes, C h a irm a n ; H. W. Laidler, P re s id e n t; Harry Scherman, V ic e -P re s id e n t} G . B. Roberts, Treasurer; W. J. Carson, E xecutive D ire c to r; Martha Anderson, E d ito r RESEARCH STAFF: Arthur F. Burns, Director of R esearch; G. H. Moore, Associate Director o f R esearch; Moses Abramovitz, Harold Barger, M. A. Copeland, Daniel Creamer, David Durand, Solomon Fabricant, Milton Friedman, Millard Hastay, W . B. Hickman, F. F. Hill, Thor Hultgren, Simon Kuznets, C. D. Long, Ruth P. Mack, F. C. Mills, R. J. Saulnier, G . J. Stigler, leo Wolman DIRECTORS AT LARGE: D. R. Belcher, O . W. Knauth, Simon Kuznets, H. W . Laidler, Shepard Morgan, C. Reinold Noyes, G. B. Roberts, Beardsley Ruml, Harry Scherman, George Soule, N. I. Stone, J. Raymond Walsh, Leo Wolman, Theodore O . Ynterna DIRECTORS BY UNIVERSITY APPOINTMENT: E. Wight Bakke, Y a le ; C. Canby Balderston, P e n n s y lv a n ia ; A. F. Burns, C o lu m b ia ; G. A. Elliott, To ro n to ; H. M. Groves, Wisconsin; Gottfried Haberler, H a rv a rd ; Clarence Heer, N o r th C a ro lin a ; R. L. Kozelka, M in n e s o ta ; P. M. O'Leary, C o rn e ll; Theodore Schultz, C h ic a g o ; R. B. Warren, In s titu te fo r A d v a n c e d S tu d y DIRECTORS APPOINTED BY OTHER ORGANIZATIONS: P. F. Brundage, A m e ric a n In s titu te o f A ccountants; A. H. Cole, Economic H is to ry A ss o ciatio n ; F. C. Mills, A m e ric a n S ta tis tic a l A ss o ciatio n ; S. H. Ruttenberg, C ongress o f In d u s tria l O rg a n iz a tio n s ; Murray Shields, A m e ric a n M a n a g e m e n t A s s o c ia tio n ; Boris Shishkin, A m e ric a n F e d e ra tio n o f L a b o r; W. C. W aite, American f a r m Econom ic A s s o c ia tio n ; D. H. W allace, A m e ric a n E conom ic Association 1819 BROADWAY, NEW YORK 23 , N. Y. COIumbus 5-3615-6; 5-3644 September 1, 194-9 Dr. Winfield W. R i e f l e r Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Washington 25, D. C. Dear Win: I had a very pleasant visit with Donald a few days ago when he passed through New York. I tried to be of some help to him in putting him in touch with several people in New York who might be helpful to him in connection with his job hunting interest. I was sorry not to be able to do more for him, but hope the leads I gave him turned out to be worthwhile from his point of view. He has since written me a very cordial note of appreciation, reporting on sev eral of the suggestions that I made to him. I was delighted to see him, and indeed had a very long and pleasant talk with him. I am sure he will succeed in landing something in due course that will be of interest to him. He seemed to me to be particularly enterprising but at the same time very cautious about accepting anything too hastily. His exploratory and inquiring attitude seemed to me to be especially wholesome and appropriate. Please give him m y best. Sincerely yours, William J. Carson WJCzRD Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives BOARD OF G O VER N O R S OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON OFFICE OF THE December 20, 1950. Dear Win: Once again, as the Christmas Season ap proaches, I w a n t to express ray deepest gratitude to y o u for the loyal support and service -which y o u are rendering the Federal Reserve System, and -which have been invaluable to me in carrying out the difficult assignments of the past year. But, more importantly, I -wish to tell y o u of m y sincere appreciation o f the gift o f your friendship. With all good wishes to y ou and those dear to y o u for a joyous and happy Christmas, Sincerely, Mr. Winfield W. Riefler, 51*15 - 2 8 t h Street, Northwest, Washington, D. C. CHAIRMAN Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives Dear Tom: Nothing is more difficult to express then ths inexpressible. You asked me in 1348 to come down to be your "alter ego" at the Board and I think I have. As a result, I feel all torn up internally and personally. It is not as though you were leaving and I were staying with the Board, but ratner as though part of me was leaving and part staying and part of you. I suspect that is as it should be, for certainly what you meant to the system should not be di*Lfii*hid in any whit or degree. At last t h e Federal Reserve, conceived by Woodrow Wilson and Carter Glass, has grown up. It has gone through the crucible of fire and emerged strong and tempered. That means much for the future of America. You met the test that Nicholas Biddle failed to meet over a centrjny ago. Now we have a central bank to play its role as this country moves to meet its destiny in coming years. I can't say more now. Y ou know the place ycu hold inside me. Win April 2, 1951 Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives 20 Carlyle Square, London, S.W. 3 6 December 19$1 d e a r W in ( i f I m ay s t i l l c a ll yo u so ) W e always think of you at Christmas time and often at other times as well. Indeed several months ago I wrote y o u a long letter but it bogged in in ternational affairs and never got posted. I will keep this one clear of the profundities. I was at Oxford last week, staying in Nuffield College and heard of you from Loveday, from w h o m I also got your address. So I write this with the primary purpose of sending you our very best wishes for Christmas and 19£2. W e moved down here to Chelsea at the end of the w a r and have be en here ever since being n o w six years older but not otherwise much changed, except b y the formidable strains of changing m y profession. Hughes is n o w 12, very well, good natured and serene. Ellen has h ad a lot of illness but is better n o w than she has been for sometime. I have spent something over five years n o w on the National Coal Board, first as its lawyer, then as the member in charge of manpower, educa tion, training welfare, health and a ll that and have reached the conclusion that God didn’t mean me to be an administrator b ut was sure he had been good to me in letting me get inside this grand industry — anyway for a bit. I a m on the riiole glad to have exchanged the City and international money for the provinces anij primary production at home but I hope someday to be a bit more contemplative and individual again. Meantime it's absorbing and fascinating from so m a n y points of v i e w that I daren’t start talking about any of them. I do hope you like y o u r present work. I should hope that it was just so poised between the w o r l d of thought and the world of action as would enable y ou to function i n both at will. Anyway, it's nice to think that your advice is where it is. The world is a funny place to think about just now and I ’m not sorry to have m y field largely limited to the social and organizational problems of one industry — though I ’m trying by w a y of mental change to do a wider study which I hope someday to have sufficiently realised to talk about. The change of Government w i l l not I think make much difference here. The n e w team is p r o b a b l y s t r o n g e r and certainly more rested; on the other hand it will inspire r a t h e r ^ M | rconfidence among those whose confidence most matters. The field of policy is so restricted b y circumstances that there are f ew choices; the most one ca n hope for i n any government of today here is that it will foresee inevitables clearly a n d sail inescapable courses skillfully. In saying that, I am convicted of a mistake in saying that they w o n ’t make a dif ference because the difference between foreseeing clearly and sailing skilfully and the opposites may obviously be immense. I mean only that th ere’s v e r y little choice about Vrhat’ as distinct from ’h o w ’. I a m immensely interested in Trade Unionists here, b o t h individually and collectively. Our miners* v i e w has, I think, been both helpful and responsible; they are generally speaking admirable types, intelligent, honest and brave. But they are being tried awfully high. We are continually appealing to them as citizens for responses quite different from t h o s e which they are conditioned to give as workers — for instance, to go without a second w e e k ’s holiday — and it must be confusing for the rank and file. W e have made a huge revaluation of manual as against non-manual work in these last six years — much needed I think and done w ith surprisingly little trouble, seeing that the « was not getting bigger. Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives - B u t now , c an w ith c a rry re a rm a m e n t becom es I* m c o u n try and is is a g e ttin g s itu a tio n o f u n ite d m o re h ad g o in g s o . b e tte r w h ic h A g a in chance on I can o u r to to p , m o re n o t w o r r ie d m o re I a e v e r th e a c u te a b o u t e v e r s o c ia l in te g r a te d B at — s to p and go le t b e s t w is h e s . th e q u e s tio n and and n e ith e r S ta te s 2- b u t to o r m o re o r n o r yo u n o t v e ry I th a n s h a ll i t bog p r o p e r ly com e m uch h as -w h o le T o u rs m a c h in e o v e r th a t dow n in h e re ? w e e v e x y , G e o ffre y b een I fo r an th in k th e c e n tu r ie s e s s ay a b o u t a n a ly s e I s o m e tim e . th e p s y c h o lo g ic a l b re a k d o w n s ; b ed hope m uch o b s c u re I c o m m u n ity a lo n e M ay I how m o re V ic k e r s s h a ll I see m eet no e a r ly a g a in Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives J ib . 19, 1958. Dear Aleci Please forgive me for not responding to your le tte r sooner. X h&va had no contact w ith the Foun dation or with Jo W illats personally since 1 caae dowa to r t, an* therefore have no inforaed view oa your problea. I waited to discuss tho natter con fid en tially w ith Walter Stewart. Be haa retired froa the Foundation and I judge has anch lssa con ta c t thara than formerly,although th is nay not be tru e. In any case, his jud$aent as to what to do agreed with a la s, which is to # r lte Jo W lllets as frankly , freely and confidentially as you wrote me. He fe e ls that the Foundation any hare several overriding reasons for net changing th eir ru les, hut that Jo aqr be able to aake suggestions that would be constructive, helpful and was Id accost* p lish the e ssen tia l ends in a jurticular case. Of # course Dorothy and 2 are delighted that there is a chance of our seeing you soon and we wank ycu to stay with us when you are in Washington. McDoug^k waa here two weeks ago and we aaaaged to get hia out for lunch but sew a ll too l i t t l e of h is . He fts a very so lid c it iie a . Unfortunately X was away la st week end when Toa and L illia n caae down. It was a real disappointaent to a s. X lik e to think of hia as a son. Work at ths Federal Reserve is heavy bat con tinues excitin g* We think we stopped th e in fla tio n Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives lM t oprlag, oad aro am ©beat to bo c a ll* 4 m tbo oarpot fo r i t ia Congrooa. «• to w baaa preparing iB m n to oa olaborato quootioanaira aubaittad to ua by tbo Pataaa oabeoaaittoo of tin J o ist Coaadttoo o» tho Sooaoaie ftoport. Tbo aaowora m to w *r 800 typovrlttoa pogoa aa* •Me of tba», X think, «&U ooatrlbvto to aoaotory aad iotoroot thoory. Thoy ahottld ba of groat iator~ oot to oconaaiata ovw rn k ro. I aa watching tbo Back of Baglaad'o axporlMtrt aa eloooly aa pooslbla from th ia aida, I t io not too oaoy *hoa oao io aot actually ia a oituatioa and ia a opooitioa to fool, tbo orodit eliaato w 4 buainoaa ataoopharo* Tbat ia oaothor raaan why I m iookiaf forward oo avidly to your foribeoaing v is it . Dorothy ia plaaa lng to giro you tbo nova about To* aad L illia a * Ifoanafcilo my boot to botb of you* Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives Kspteafcsr 19| 1954 Deer Mordeeait Here i s the a ffid a v it you asked for* I hope i t help** I didn’t know you had a gread child* We have three* a ll g ir ls wad e l l Da*id*e# He ie a oatheaaticiaa ia the research department o f the liaeh eeter Cogpaqy ia Hm Hamm* % aald i s s t i l l MUirrled aad has ja st hsea jxroaated to sa aeoeuat ex®e-> a tiv e ia the tru st departaeot o f th s Guaranty Trust coap«atf* 1 t a l l hJua hs*s m tbo way to iad tstin g the here o f Uarqpaad*a •Point of lie Reti»ra% Be sseas iatsreeted and aueeeasfUl* I aa ia tsU sstu a l reeurrsetiou at the Fedaral Reserve &>ard« s* again lir e ia an eeoaoaor where aoaey rates * are iansrtaat aad where th s ssoasav smms to resssad to then a ost eea a itirely * i s a ssasegasaes 1 ea a t la s t ia a poeitioa t o try to apply tka thiaga I learned ia the tw en ties. S* fo r i t has hasa to a stru stiiv . I tMrfr. ^orothy jo in s aa ia saadiag our leva to you both* Siaeereiy Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives M ORDECAI VIA E Z E K IE L D E L PA EC O ROME, PEPOLI, 5 ITALY \D ti-5'] ^ SU CcM Xl W MC. V iV . a '- > 0U A trVJU^A -v^ /YVjTvAT -& . ti,rvo ^ V ^ r-V -M ‘~X j, . 3 ' ^ - \ " w — 34 ^ ^- . > Y V V *A -..^ I » ' ^ . W ^ ' ^ W 4 ^ . , 7 1 ^ v -, V - \= £ -V > v ^ OW v ? K ^ * c^ A - » -\ Y , f ^ vTv/" ft ° 1 W "1 ^ ^ wj^cx. ■> ^ ^ A V^-v ^ '.rv V .W V - t . ^ rj< w .A v ..,. ^ ^ c i 7 ,~ ,.* -w ■*- - y ^ V y * -"' - ^ > > ^ ^ ^ ■'*-’ v 1 ■„„ 4 _ r v i - U J J , -jL —r 4 ^ v ^ ^ /s^ " 7 : W , _ ■ ^ w - ^ ^ > wi c X jJ)J " *^ ^ ^ v o ^v ^t cKt*.^ -K l i^ ->— - 1 . ^ Y ' ^ . od>K v ^ ^ v .^ -.w ,■ , - - a» X r?O w MV^JU ?•*• - - a -U J t d j v *-- . . ,,jj -'^•....^-A^jf ~t/> ^ \ .v^ww-A - ^ ^ y - f * ^ a > 4 a x _ -v -^ - r^ -J • -+— ^ I A^ . L O' ^-^J.X.'M^r^'<^-‘-^J ^ ^ ^ ,-e j> -v l^ ^ 'tv~» (U m a ^vw^ V ^ r v c *.\ w V ' A v. ' i tJx O JL , -W -V ’ ^ ^ J U > jU v ^ ^ v V T ^ \ f0~. ,. *L ^ ^ ^ A cvw j t t M x ^ k K ^ I 'aaJL^ ' -AAo u > ^ j.- ' W ^ ' A' 4 Q X ^ v v T C L --yv""*- ^ 4 ^ v i , r>\ , , . ' ' \ 4 V a O L J ^ A ^ -v ^-rv v 0-3 % iI \ J vLa ^ V^ ' V r" CK cJC ^K ^«^4 ^ v>" . "\- Oj^n ?W -W . N . -«vA r** . / ^ b J U ^ ‘^ v w y T JU Y ^ V ^ => V W r> f ' c e ^ / tX ^ ^\XA_ v *rv-- c—^ V _i . ^ s r - o ^ H r - 44 "V A - jua- yV^VVBA^i fsj-u r^.k ft-A M « ---ti-< . V - ~ t - ^ a t ' W i A i W i-M x ^ a . ts .,4 ^ ^ Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives W IN F IE L D W . R IE F L E R 5415 TW E N TY -E IG H T H S T R E E T , N. W . W A S H IN G T O N 19, D. C . September M , ISM International Organisations Employees Loyalty Board Gaotl* Mordecai Baekiel has aaked ao for th is a ffid a v it to ay b e lie f in hie loyalty to the United Sti&ee of America • Specif- ^ is a lly he asks that X sup art h ie contention th at he wa~* widely Jp known as m agricultural som onist before 1933 md theft he W attracted o nsiderably more atten tion end & «dder c ir c le of acquaintances la te r as the resu lt o f h ie ideas on farm policy aad f u ll sqpleyment* X hasre no d iffic u lty whatever in e x p o r t* ia g these two points and ia te stify in g to ay b e lie f ia h is lo y a lty to th is country* X f ir s t encountered Mordecai E sekiel in the lu te ls2u»s when *» were both studying at the Brookings Craduete School* Be was a keen student and was esp ecially known fo r h is erigi** n& lity in applying s t a tis tic a l nethods to the analysis e f agricultural problems* He was considered one of the b r illia n t younger man at ti.e ^p a r ta so t o f Agriculture and i t occasioned ao surprise, a t lea st that X r e c a ll, whsn he was chosen to a s s is t Joseph Davia in heading up the economic s ta ff e f the Fans Beard th at was organised in 1930 to buy up surplus wheat to M id i t o ff the market* As the depression deepened, Mordecai S sek iel was one of the leading agricultural economists in Washten who was c naulted by the rest of us for aa appraisal of agriculture! problems* Than, as now, the economists were ap lit between those, on the oae aand, who f e l t th st the solution for agriculture lay in b etter land use aad mors lib e r a l trade p o lic ie s to widen the foreign market fo r agricultural w rpluses and those who f e l t that th solu tion ley in d irest measuree to harness agricultural output* S sek iel was ia Horn la tter group but he always granted the wiedom of the other approach providing i t was p o litic a lly fea sib le , particularly with respect to t a r iff p olicy* He was outstanding ia hisown group for the cla rity w ith which he saw the problem of direct control* There were few loose mads in h is analysis of what should be involved ia the direct approach* tie was ssrta in ly su fficien tly prominent among th e Washington economists to make i t lo g ic a l for the "bruin tru st* o f the Boosev I t aoioiaistration to contact him before the inauguration for h is ideas on agriculture* U f own clo sest contacts with S sek tsl c o w the years 1930*34 , f ir s t from ay p osition as an economist for th s Federal Reserve Board end la ter as chai rman of th e Central S ta tis tic a l Board and simultaneously Economic Advisor to Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives p*2 W IN F IE L D W . R IE F L E R 5415 TW EN TY -EIG H TH S T R E E T , N. W . W A S H IN G T O N 15, D . C . the Matio.*al Executive Council and the Wwrg&my Council* Daring th at period our contacts were professional end o ff ic ia l ms v e il a* personal aad so cia l* I m s follow ing the d preealoa clo sely , particularly from tbs point of r im o f fin an cial developasnts and Esekxel contacted aw for tai informed judgment on fin an cial problaae as X cootacted mm for the farm outlook* Senetias early in ttd s period Mrs* Bsekiai became u teacher In th e nureary school of the Waah-ngtoo Child Research Center* U f younger sone ©onald , then about throe years old, was att*n d iig tb s sciiool and ilrs. Ezvkiel hel±>ed us enormously in working out h is problems and guiding his early developuent* Later when the Ezekiels d*sir*d to adopt a son, they gave our usance as refereuees to the adoption agency. X taudored ugr resignation la te in 1934 and ia Jtittft, 1935 le f t Washington for Princeton, Mew Jersey* Our o f f ic ia l oontaets were at a «a*1— ia 1933 and 1934* Exekiel was closely id en tified as ns of th e top m n m the id * Bids o f the Department of Agriculture from th& outset of th e am adwri ni stration * In that post he continued to oostact mm fo r analysis of the fin a n cia l c r is is and of i t s e ffe c t on the ecuaoap* In July ,1933, X was louned by the Federal Reserve Board to take th * position of cha irman of th s n**ly created Central S ta tistic a l Board aad simultaneously to act as economic adviser to -fib® n*wly created Executive Council* Both p osition * brought os in to d o se and frequent o ff ic ia l contact with E zekiel. Our work at the C*ntarel S ta tistic a l Board t w conceal trated on elim inating wa*t* and in efficien cy in the production e f federal s t a tis tic * aad i s improving th eir accuracy aad cov erage* Xt was a coordinating function vhich depended for i t s •fPectiveocsa on tha u ctire cooperation of tho vain * ta ti* t ic a l agencies* Ezekiel va* on* of our moat active workers aad brought to us warm o f f ic ia l sup^jort Arm th e Department af Agriculture* % work at the Executive Council and la t*r the National Baergeney Council involved regular weekly reports ©a th e currant sta te of th s econony and assignments on various recovery programs* X comoentrated personally on plans for getting th s frosea deposits released tram closed banks and on -orkiag out F*BJU I had such lea s direct contact with th© agricultural program as i t was fo m ila ted by the Eoosevelt adadaietwetiott hurt X hare always f e l t th at i t iacorporat*d to a very large extant ideas which Exekial originated. Certainly th is role wm imputed to Mb by an importaat peart o f the public* He was widely known by the* tim e* Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives p *3 W IN F IE L D W . R IE F L E R 3415 TW EN TY -EIG H TH S T R E E T , N. W . W A S H IN G T O N 15, D. C . X have so n rela tiv ely l i t t l e o f Uordeoai Exekiel sinoe X le f t Washington for Prinoatoa la 1935 and most of whst X say in th is stateuant i s based on contacts prior to th at tia a * X te-ve sarttdnly a lw ^s cnsidored Mm lo y a l. X would not bare oousoated i o a e t u reference for hin whon ho adopted hie f ir s t son i f there had boon question in ay aind with raapeat t bio in te g r ity * Hia approach to oc notate problems woo origin al and fro— qusotly unorthodox but X never f o lt that i t was slanted by doctrinaire adhersnce to any particular d o p e, foreign or doaaatio* This ia indicated* X think, by tho quick support bo gave to ay Maas for fin an cial raeanatruotion, idaaa that w r t a l l praaisod oa working with sad through privata enterprise in stitu tio n s* X have triad to go back through ny recollection with rwepect to your particular problem, i . a . # hia aasociation w ith <&«nen&a that 3atar proved to ba undaairabla or ccn&atnlst* 1 don't recall much that bears on this point. Ba aartaialy had wida acquaintanoe with people who had all aorta of idaas, ortho* dox and unorthodox about how to end the depreasion. However, I sew hia at that tiaa aostly i& official ooataeta with toy paople ia tho Bepartiaeiit of Agriculture, Secretary Bailees and Bax Tug»*U* Jarooa Frank and Louis Basa* X did not run into otbars in tha dapartaot very aush* He waa certainly opan ssinded and curious about ths Ruaaian experiment with a oootrollad eoanoay* Meat of us wore* X rafar to tha period before the purgaa and before tha lapliaatio^a of forced collectivisation had bacons clear* flbe only Russian contact X do recall iw that Exokiel brought tho haad of the Buaaian Statistical Office to eall aa as aa chairman of tha Central Statistical Board shortly after ths rc«og~ nition of Busaia. A of offieiala ban scat over from Russia aa a raault of the recognition and tha call was purely forael cad for eourtaay purposes* It consisted essentially of an exchange of greetings* I a war knew how Esakiel happened to ascoqpaop him to tha office that day but Z have never considered it of aqjr iaportaacs* Ha waa the sort of parson who would i.sve wida contacts f who would probsbly aaat such aa official aarly «nri would volunteer to introduce ^ to tha haad of tha iussricaa Central St^tistiaal Board* Ifr faaliag with raspaet to Ssekisl’s personal integrity and loyalty is baaed mostly on hia abstracter* X never sew hia cenr* cata his attitudes on problems or hide M s synpathies. Ha s$oks Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives p *4 W IN F IE L D W . R IE F L E R 5415 TW EN TY -EIG H TH S T R E E T , N. W . W A SH IN G T O N 19, D . C . up frankly, n~- matter hc.r unconvontiancl his ideas. He waa a fervent supporter of h asst data and trustworthy at. tis tic s , no sa&tter b m inconvenient thoy might be to policy makers* He alweys r cognized facts even jfaen they ran counter to his favorite id©: 3. Ia tho political fie ld he always supported th© basic tenets of i&eric^n democracy with a quick sense of human rights iiiid a faith la the voting process «ith willingness to abide "by ita results* These are e ll impressions tram uy con tacts at the time, for ..-hich I can cite no particular references, but I t hink that 1 would have a different impression i f they were not well baaed* 1 hr.vc only one other recollection that is germane t o your probity and that is also a little hazy. I have alvruys felt t h at one acid tost of liberals with r e s e c t t o this problcan of Coomuniet affiliation w a s whether or not they changed their attitude w i t h respect to the Nazis uad the implications o: ..orld «Yur H during the period from August 1939 t o June 1941 whoa Hitler and Stf-lia wero allied* Those who formerly bid been violent antiNazi but began to think in August 1939 that tho w a r between the Allies end Hitler was a Europe?* affair with w h i c h xaericana h a d no concern* have always seoiaod to me t o h a w proved thana 8Ives Conuinist or 00 mibjoct to Columnist influence as t o be equally untrustworthy. O n tho other hand, American liberals a n d loft wingera w ho did not ao shift tieir viewpoint at that tiuOgiiuvc# seemed t o ma to have demonstrated their isortil integ rity end complete loyalty t o tho interests of this country* I have tried to rase ay sesaory of i-zekiel frtaa this point of view w i t h the folloji.it; results, I rewesaber aoeting h i m once during, this period i a the fall of 1939 uhen 1 was tea^ortrily working i n Viaahii^toa as m assistant t o tho Secretary of tha ffireasury o n financial problems growing out of the w ar i a Europe* I was personally c nvinoed at that tia® that the United State# woul d h a v e to intervene i n t h w a r in its oan interests* I r call specifically thct Ezekiel asked w whether I thought w e i/ould becoiaa i.wolved* I do not reoell specifically on expression o f opinion on his peart es t whotner or not w e ought t o b e ism vo -ved but I do recall quite a long conversation o n tae war sad i t s genersl is^lieations* This is most incoucinsivo, yet I foel t h a t I wo u l d recall it if Ezekiel's sympathies w i t h reapoct to t h e war had differed sharply fra® w o®51* I have aeon o l e s t nothing of Ezekiel i n tuo lust fe«t years had ao occasion for hearing hia views on curroat affairs* I returned to Washington i n iipy 1948 aa assisturt t o the c h a i m t m © f tho bourd of Governors of th© Federal Esssrve Eastern end mm t h o Ezekiels socially only t</o or three tia»e before thoy left anti for Rosie* Very respectfully yours* infield $* Eiefler
@FedFRASER