The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
HO
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
F ro ir* ,
GvY.R H s r r miart
' 5 5 5 t3 t« S f
^produced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
EXHIBITS SUM3ITTED AT HEARING IN
BOSTON
EXHIBIT HO.
Adams, S. B., President Board of Trade, Portland, laine
telegrams from:
1*
Blanding, E. M., Bangor, laine
Scomber, G> E., Agusta, Me.
Reade, J. L., Lewiston, Me*
7/aterville Chamber of Commerce, Waterville, Me.
Barron, C. W.,-Statement
2.
Blinn, C. P. Jr., Boston, Mass., Statistical matter
3.
Board of Trade, Holyoke, Mass. Telegram
4.
Boynton, M., Argument
5.
Clearing House Association, Boston, Mass. Resolutions
6.
Connecticut Banks and Organizations favoring lew York City
in preference to Boston;
7.
Aetna national Bank, Hartford, Conn.
Charter Oak Nat*l Bank, Hartford, Conn.
City Nat*l Bank, Hartford, Conn.
Connecticut Bankers* Assn.
Connecticut River Banking Co., Hartford, Conn.
Connecticut Trust and Sa£e Deposit Co., Hartford, Conn.
First Nat*l Bank, Hartford, Conn.
Fidelity Trust Co., Hartford, Conn.
Hartford Trust Co., Hartford, Conn.
Hartford Business lien’ Assn.,
s
Hart ford, Conn.
Hartford Clearing House Assn.,
Hartford, Conn.
National Excliange Bank, Hartford, Conn.
Bioenix National Bank, Hartford, Conn.
Security Trust Co., Hartford, Conn.
State Bank and Trust Co., Hartford, Conn.
Thames Nati oral Bank, Norwich, Conn.
co United States Bank, Hartford, Conn.
13014
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
EXHIBITS - Boston - 2.
EXHIBIT NO.
Gaston, fin* A. Pres. lat*l Shawnrut Bank:, Boston, Mass.,Letter from
8.
Billard J. L. of Lyon & Billard Co., Meridan, Conn.
Dooley M. F., Pres., Nat*l Excimnge Bank, Providence E* I.
Tenney, Geor., Cashier, Peoples Hat*! Bank, Claremont, N.H.
Harriman Bros., Boston, Mass. Letter and maps
9.
Higgins, W. D., Boston, Mass. Statistical matter
10.
McKibben, J. A. Boston, lass., Secy. Boston Chamber of Commerce
letters from:
11*
Board of Trade, Attleboro, Mass.
Board of Trade, Belfast, Maine
Board of Trade, Brattleboro, Vt.
Board of Trade and Merchants Assn.,Fitchburg, Mass.
Board of Trade, Norwood, Mass.
Wakefield Merchants and Business Mens* Assn., Wakefield, Mass.
Miscellaneous statistical matter
12.
Merchants National Bank, Providence, B.I., Resolutions
IS.
New England Shoe and Leather Association, report of special
committee.
14.
North Berwick National Bank, North Berwick, Me., requesting Boston
to be located for Regional Bank.
15.
Real Estate Exchange and Auction Board, Boston, Mass., statistics
16.
"Suggested list of organizations which whould be represented at
the hearing on Regional Reserve Bank.”
17.
Thacher, T.C. (M3) letter
18
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
A D D R E S S R E P L Y TO
R e se r ve B a n k O r g a n iza tio n C om m ittee
T R E A S U R Y D E PA R TM E N T
W a s h in g to n , d . C.
Reserve bank Organization Committee
WASHINGTON, D. C.
B oston, M ass.,
January 10, 1914,
Dear Judge:
The enclosed are exhibits in connection with
matters relating to the Bank Organization Committee hear
ings.
Will you please file them accordingly?
We in
tend to send this class of stuff on to you for file from
various points of the itinerary.
Sincerely yours
Judge M. 0* Elliott,
Treasury Department,
Washington, D. C
r
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
b o s t q m m m
i
Q*T >L E3TAL U S * CF l&HHXBXSS
HarttiielltB<terd 11*
monthly bulletin of city of Boston.
B&aaJcs and 3ai*lae*
(Fllod in b&0c of boofc of ©dibits*)
'JE hibit 10 •
(1 9 )
(20 )
---------------------------------- :
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
W ESTE
DAY
IION
T
P
Jl w
P
ft /
THEO. N. VAIL, PRESID ENT
/ V
W
RECEIVED AT 133 R G 44jjLUE____
BANGOR MAINE JAN 8 1914
14
v*
j r
a r
vG
SILAS B.ADAMS
BRE3 I0ENT BOARD OF TRADE
v
v
MAINE
F W ADAM8 CASHIER OF
a.
K >
\ V
MBRCHA1
JT& N A T I O ^ L J O W L # N D GEO A CORBY
CASHIER SECOND NATIONAL IN /GOSTON^gJO^Y ADVOCATING REGIONAL BANK
IN NEW ENGLAND PRESIDENT CHAPIN OF BANCSJR C L E W I N G HOUSE INFORMS
ME BANGOR BANKS ARE UNANII&U8 ^N FAVOR
\
CITY
EDWARD M BLANDING
I
a
n
s
w
e
1220PM
aOSKOH AS REGIONAL BANK
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
W ESTEja* UNION
TEL
Form 1894
AM
THEO. N VAIL, PRESIDENT
RECEIVED AT No. 26 Exchange Street, Portland, Me. aopens
1AU
v CO
8
AUGUSTA,M
SILAS
V ',\£/
B ADAMS,
PORTLAND,
^O V E
G •ELM AC Of,
\v/
^
I
•
k '
V:
rv
\ r> * A
&
V
'\ v
V
s ' V
J
.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
W ESTERN UNION
T
E
L
^
K
THEO. N VAIL, PRESIDENT
DCEIVED AT No. 26 Exchange Street, Portland, Me. aopens
A
Form 1864
M
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
. TELEGRAPH - C O M M E R C IA L CABLES
CLARENCE
1
■
■
■
18
\
K t iC b .IV E D A T
EXC H A N 6E STREET
"ORTLAND,
ME.
jn e C all, “ PO STAL T ELE G R A P H **
H.
MACKAY,
P r e s id e n t .
TELEGRAM
T h e P o s ta l T e le g ra p h Cable C o m p a n y (In c o r p o r a t e d (tr a n s m its an d d e liv e r s th is m e s s a g e subject to th e te rm s and c o n d itio n s p r in t e d this blank b a c k o f
on th e
0 £
/ p N M ,
0
u
■ ! 3.1S14
'
M
C^yyj\/y7VZ,7\.@ ^
c
7
r
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
POSTALTELEGRAPH-GABLE C O M P A N Y '-* " T H E COMMERCIAL CABLE COMPA
THE GREATEST TELEGRAPH AMD CABLE SYSTEM IK THE WOULD.
EXTENDS OVER TWO-THIRDS OF THE WAY AROUHD THE EARTH.
THE POSTAL TELEGRAPH-GABLE COMPANY
ttNCO RPdRA TED )
T R A N S M IT S AND DELIVERS TH E W ITH IN MESSAGE SUBJECT TO TH E FOLLOWING T E R M S AND C O N D ITIO N S !
To g u a rd against m istakes or delays, th e sender of a m essage should order it "REPEATED: th a t is, teleg rap h ed b ack to th e originating office fo r com parison. F o r th is, one-half
th e re g u la r ra te is charged in addition. It is agreed between the sender of the m essage w ritten on the face h ereof and the Postal Telegraph-C able Com pany, th a t said Com pany sh all n o t
b e liable for m istakes or delays in the transm ission or delivery, or for non-delivery, of any u n r e p e a t e d m essage, beyond th e am o u n t received fo r sending th e sam e: no r fo r m istakes 01
delays in th e transm ission o r delivery, or for non-delivery, of an y r e p e a t e d m essage beyond fifty tim es the sum received fo r sending the same, u nless epecially in su red , nor in an y case
fo r delays arising from unavoidable interruption in th e w orking of its lines, or for erro rs in cipher or obscure m essages. A nd th is C om pany is hereby m ad e tlie agent of th e sender, w ith
o u t liab ility , to forw ard any m essage over th e lines of any other Com pany w hen necessary to reach its destination.
.
.
Correctness in the transm ission of m essages to any p oint on the lines of the Company can be i n s u r e d by co n tract in w ritin g , statin g agreed am o u n t of risk , a n d p ay m en t o t prem
iu m thereon, a t the follow ing rates, in addition to the u su a l charge fo r repeated m essages, v iz .; one per cent, fo r any distance n o t exceeding 1,000 m iles, an d tw o p er cent, fo r an y greater
distance.
No resp onsibility reg ard in g m essages ajsfcaclnjs to this, Conipany u n til th e sam e are presented an d accepted a t one of its tran sm ittin g offices; an d if a message is sen t to such office
b y one of this C om pany’s m essengers, he a c ts 'fo r th a t purpose as th e agent of the sender.
. , ,
. .
Messages w ill be delivered free w ithin the established free delivery lim its of th e term in al office. F o r delivery a t a g reater distance a s pecial charge w ill be m ade to cover th e cost
This C om pany sh all n o t be lia b le fo r dam ages o r sta tu to ry p enalties in an y ca se w h ere th e claim is n o t p resented in w ritin g w ithin s ix ty d ay s a fte r th e message is filed w ith
No em ployee o£ this Com pany is authorized to v ary th e foregoing.
CHARLES C. ADAMS,
second
v ic e
-prest.
CLARENCE H. MACKAY. p r e s i d e n t .
EDWARD J. NALLY, v i c e - p r e s t . a n d g e n e r a l
m an a g er
.
CHARLES P. BRUCH,
T H IR D V IC E - P R E S T .
POSTAL T E L E G R A P H -F A S T E S T SERVICE IN T H E WORLD
I-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit No. Sb
Hearing at
1
Repioduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
: T he purpose of
-the F ederal R eserve Act is the d ecen tralizatio n of the national
b a n k reserves and th e estab lish m en t of oth er -financial centers
su p p o rtin g com m erce b y com m ercial d iscounts.
T h e reserves and th e gold are only m eans to th a t end.
T h e essence of th e A ct is the redisco u n t featu re w hich is specifi
cally lim ited to com m crcc.
E oston is the first cen ter in the U nited S tates for com m ercial
p ap er because it is th e one m a rk e t in th e U nited S tates in which
com m ercial p ap er is.sold every d ay in the year.
of com m ercial
p ap er h andled
it is, of course,
In th e volum e
second to
New
Y o rk .
T here are only three large open m a rk e ts for com m ercial
pap er, B oston, N ew Y ork an d C hicago, and the larger note
brokerage houses are in all three.
T hese houses place in New E n g la n d 600 m illions of com m er
cial p a p e r.p e r an n u m , an d it is estim ated th a t 90% of this is
w ith n a tio n a l b an k s.
As this p ap er will av erag e-to ru n fo u r m o n th s, these figures
m ean th'at th e lead in g n o te brokerage houses m a in ta in w ith the
n a tio n a l b a n k s in N ew E n g lan d continuously 200 millions of
loans on com m ercial p a p e r.
.- -
T he to ta l loans o f th e n atio n al b an k s in New E ngland are
ab o u t 520 m illions.
T he m a jo rity of these, loans are com m er-
cial, so th a t ta k e n in connection w ith th e sta te banks and tru st
com panies th e re is here a m a rk e t ste a d ily holding 600 millions
in com m ercial p ap er.
T h e regional reserv e b an k for N ew E n g la n d , centered 'in
B o sto n , is, therefore, in th e p u rp o se of this a c t y o u r p rim ary ,
y o u r first and y o u r essential regional reserve b an k .
n
T h e to ta l of loans of all rep o rtin g b anks in N ew E n g la n d ,
including savings b a n k s, as show n in th e com ptroller’s re p o rt
M vV '
ju s t issued, is $1,800,000,000, a b o u t one-tlu3?4-€l-jwhich'^s~proI)ablv com m ercial lo an s.---------
A
B osto n an d N ew E n g lan d ra n k first in the U n ited S tates in
/I
savings p er c a p ita of p o p ulation a n d this is reflected in th e lowest
discount ra te s in th e co u n try for sh o rt term m a tu ritie s.
In no
o th e r section of th e c o u n try can cities and towns borrow locally
so cheaply in a n tic ip a tio n of taxes. ' In no o th e r section of th e
co u n try are local m o rtgage loans a t so low an in te re st ra te .
T h e purpose of the federal reserve a c t is to give commerce
th e benefit of s u rp lu s 1funds.
N ow here else outside of New
E n g lan d are funds for sh o rt-te tm n o te s so steadily accum ulated
In volume tosfe* av»iUbW>IW
,
^ ^
j)
P""*-'
.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
HxMblt
Hearing a t
{j/3,
^
b
<—
P 1 ‘
n e r a e i u L
r
k
s
s
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r
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r
i c
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t
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s
i^e-^-sporeiiaiaiui ■
■
*$»*«*
W ‘f ^ * , tt.,......
>....
,
Hot*:- Act ©alia for reserve of 7% *by Central Bessrve Agent*
viill Federal Males.
6# Is used in the calculation
and no allowance is made for balances which will bo
withdrawn from Central Reeery© Agente; theory being
that $6 of gross will equal approximately 7> of net.
Figures based on Comptroller^ Call of Oet. 21st, 1913.
C
a
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6
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s
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6
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2
4
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.
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Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DETAIL
Jg W
XQWL
Capital | Qurplm
b
Sew York
Pennayl-rania
Hew Jersey
Delaware
«
#1,533,987,000
949,541,000
210,127,000
8,796.000
#646,048,000
&
#344,216,000
252,913,000
45,617,000
8,302,000
#2,702,450,000
38,762,880
$£ s
Stock owned by Banks
Deposits
#38,762,880
162,147,000
Total Resources
162,147,000
#200,909,880
CHICAGO
Deposits (Met)
Chicago
Illinois i
Indiana
Ohio
Michigan
Wisconsin
#69,050,000
25,831,000
40,828,000
93,916,000
22,992,000
25,877,000
41,785,000
32,712,000
7,362,000
5,577,000
7,984.000
#373,914,000
Minnesota
Iowa
Ho. Dakota
So. Dakota
Montana
Oji .
#358,750,000
108,555,000
151,294,000
362,869,000
140,326,000
143,214,000
224,196,000
164,697,000
38,744,000
34,873,000
37.559.000
#1,765,077,000
22,434,840
^
s
105,904,620
* ******
Stock owned by Banks
Deposits
Total Resources
#22,434,840
105.904.620
128,339,460
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
ST. LOUIS
Capital & Surplus
151,905,000
25,831,000
18,463,000
18,321,000
76,372,000
28,868,000
7,510,000
24,623.000
#284.101,000
108,555,000
77,600,000
74,396,000
215,911,000
68,660,000
18,962,000
112.249,000
#248,893,000
Missouri
Illinois i
Kansas
Oklahoma
Tsxas
Kentucky
Arkansas
Kebraska
Deposits (Met)
$898,373,000
6J< m14,933,580
6% *
83,902,380
Stock owned fcy Banks
Deposits
$14,933,580
53,902,380
Total Resources
#68,333,960
BGSTOJi
Capital & Surplus
Massachusetts
Maine
Hew Hampshire
Vermont
Rhode Island
Connecticut
$96,396,000
10.?$©,000
31.531.000
# 3 8 5 , 1 4 4 ,0 0 0
48.970.000
24.265.000
19.769.000
31.518.000
6 9 . 9 4 4 .0 0 0
# 1 6 5 , 7 7 4 ,0 0 0
# 5 7 9 , 6 1 0 ,0 0 0
1 1,520,0 0©
8.687.000
7 . 0 9 0 .0 0 0
9,946,440
Stock owned by Banks
Deposits
Total Besources
6%
# 9,946,440
34,776.600
# 4 4 ,7 2 3 , 0 4 0
34,776,600
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
SAB FRANCISCO
BepoBite (Het)
Capital & Surplus
$85,068,OOO
California
2.213.000
5.048.000
14,040* 000
17,045,000
Idaho
Oregon
Washington
# 3 0 0 ,4 0 6 ,0 0 0
6,862,000
19.814.000
58.987.000
88.546.000
# 1 2 3 , 4 2 0 ,0 0 0
N evada
# 4 7 4 , 6 1 5 ,0 0 0
7,405,200
6 ;l
28,476,900
6>;
* ■ * * *■* *
*
*
Stock owned by Banks
Deposits
Total Resources
#7,405,200
26.476,900
#35,882,100
lASHiaOTOK
Capital 4 Surplus
Dist.of Columbia
Maryland
Virginia
West Virginia
Ho. Carolina
Deposits (Met)
>
$28,963,000
102,350,000
99,675,000
58,999,000
35.697.000
$97,963,000
0
$11,844,000
28,850,000
29,356,000
16,594,000
11.319,000
1325,704,000
5,877,780
*
Stock owned by Banks
Deposits
$5,877,780
19.542.240
Total Resources
#25,420,020
19,542,240
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
M m QRLBAHS or ATLANTA
Capital & Surplue
Deposits (Net)
eel
#13,601,000
24.501.000
§,029,000
16.031.000
10.592.000
8,516,000
If,770,000
#39,904,000
32.034.000
14.336.000
42.342.000
32.933.000
22.909.000
64.527.000
#97,040,000
Louisiana
Georgia
Mississippi
Alabama
florida
So. Carolina
Tennessee
#269,207,000
3,322,400
16,132,420
Stock owned by Banks
Deposits
#3,822,400
16,152,420
Total Resources
.21,974,820
DEKTOR
Capital k Surplus
#18,580,000
2.912.000
8.047.000
1.817.000
3.212.000
Colorado
Wyoming
Utah
Arizona
lew Mexico
6%
#94,359,000
14.302.000
22.125.000
8,782,000
14.493.000
1,894,080
9! 243,' 660
Stock owned by Banks
1
1
4 « Public
1
Total Stock
Deposits
Total Mesources
#1,894,080
2,103,920
9,243,660
#13,243,660
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Form 1864
THEO N. VAIL, PRESIDENT
RECEIVED AT Chamber of Commerce, Boston
158MW 3 8
o EX 935A M
HOLYOKE MASS
J Am / 1 0
1 91
SECRETARY iviCADOO
OR SECY HOUSTON BOSTON CHAMBER O FytOUM ERCE
I
ATTEM DEi) HEARING
YESTERDAY MORN I
ANTED
fi
_
’ _________ _________ _
A
^
S
W
E
R
S
iho F IV E
D
H
THE
MAT I Of’ AL BAMK8 M A^UFACTUl
B I L L WAMT A REGEONAL BANK
<
9
IN
BOSTO
fO R M
--K lR
I3 T 0 N MASS
HOLYOKE
A ^ p ;MljJtiUifii!IU j
o v v iz ., .» ” y
JAM 1 2 1914
jT'
~ ja ~ !s
me
p a r f it t
.
pres
of
hokyoke
board
-•$ 5 4 A. . . ..._I
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
The President and his cabinet may be Assured of their increasing
appreciation by conservative iJew England. The welcome of the greatest
secretary i>f the treasury by all our people is but an expression of their
deep gratitude to the president and his cabinet for the great boo® of
the reginal banks and the currency bill. They will prove an era of con
tinued prosperity, expanding without panic for centuries to come. They
will make the name of HT&lspn*.-: f
of Bryan’and especially of McAdoo
immortal.
There has never been any question that here one of the largest
banks of the republic will be established and expand* Here where the
wealth and the population equal the Dominion of Canada, where a thousand
Million dollars of investment wealth, and a larger amount of business
unite from six states in this great commercial metropolis, they should
all be united with one great reginal bank. The six states of New England
are one and forty millions from them descended are steadily returning
gg*
to their beautiful sea coast and mountain homes. They revive the
***
gen®logy of eight generations. $hey will build here a city for the futuK?^worthy of
matchless harbor and its position two hundred miles nearer
Eur ope IS
Our harbor with its two arms am&r-extending one hundred miles into
the stormy sea gives thirty miles broad entrance and shelter in every
storm sufficient for the commerce of a world. God made them for that
commerce. Her sons are so individual they quarrel and send it hence;
they print newspapers principally for advertising, local goods for money,
but we will rouse them to a new life and duty by the aid of this great
act here where free schools and free government had birth, where the home
of Chief Justice Sewell who proclaimed liberty more than two centuries ago
still stands; here where from this harbor went forth the heroes that
captured a thousand ships in the wars for our independence and made
Lexington and Bunker Hill effective; here where the prelude to the
American Constitution and the North Western territory act that gave freedom
to the continent were written. The spirit of progress and liberty is not
dead; the spirit of S^ctiomli&B i’
sdead. The great heart of New England
goes out to the great president and his cabinet with rising tide at each
achievement for the liberty of all men and the prosperity alike of the
poor and the rich, championed by the great administration so ably represented here today.
*
Here
"Nor step backward” is the motto of/Hew England*where you meet
the salt sea spray once broke and still dampens our palatial warehouses,
and no hostile fleet ever dared to sti9nter-:: it since the fleet sailed
away from the hostile guns planted by our patriots on Dorchester Heights.
m
/*SfV£rWe stand at the dawn of universal peace of world-wide brotherhood,
‘ prosperity that shall give peaceful homes and happy conditions for the
'of
uncounted billions who shall crowd earth as it becomes the new heaven
by human progress. This great step of currency reform and banking union,
is the greatest in history. It is modelled after the Bank of Prance in
part, and each of its ten banks will have a larger space to serve than
that Republic*s.
Let us rise to the occasion, and instead of strangling enter
prise, which from this spot extended the railway£across tlle continent,
and then gave them to Hew York, let us recall anl increase our union
and enterprise and extend our swifter ten fold more economic roads, now
under consideration by the National Government until our single rail
trains shall connect the oceans in a day and carry the freights of a
continent at less than the cost of water transit to every city and town
within a week where now it is but one mile per hour. Let us uphold
the great financial men who seek to give us liberty and a special praise
is due to Senator Weeks who not unwisely preferred one great bank,
like the Bank of France with a hundred br
Ranches
^
^
*
,
r .....
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B
o sto n
C l e a r in g H o
use
A
s s o c ia t io n
iX
E zM bit Mo. (o
Haarinar
T h o m a s P. B e a l , P r e s i d e n t
C h a r i . e s P. B l i n n , J r . S e c r e t a r y
i„
At a duly c a l l e d , s p e c ia l meeting of th e Boston Clearing \
House />•s o c ia t io n , held at the rooms of the A sso c ia tio n , 84 State
S tr e e t, Boston, January 2, 1914, th£,4#uZlowing r
ion wae
/•••
adopted:
Resolved: That t h i s / e s o c i a t i o n ^ f e l i i v e s i t dess
that New England be mad# a Fedeba^Hejft^rve d i s t r i c t ,|w it h
a Federal Reserve Bank jiocated
aad,
Resolved: That the p r e s id e n t of t h i s J s s o c i a t i o i , with
two other members to be|appoi*t#d by himdblf, be a^Jommittee
to appear before the Re*$rve Ifank Organisation CtoAittee and
urge the expediency and l^sdo#!|^l f o r p ^ g such of Federal
Reserve D i s t r i c t with a Reserve
lo ca te d Jm Boston*
b
31^
A t t e s t , a true copy
:s**%-'%
I*'y V "-*
~$ >:i
;*
v
*l i n 1O 1
•
Ik
k
.
A
Bosten, January 8,1914.
(
d
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit N o. *1
Hearing at
'
.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C A P IT A L
AND
E A R N E D P R O F IT S
A . S P E N C E R , J R ., P R E S ID E N T
A . R . H IL L Y E R , V IC E -P R E S T .
$1,525,000.00
W . D . M O R G A N . C A S H IE R
H . T . H O L T , A S S T . C A S H IE R
HARTFORD, CONN.
Dec, 51
J913*
Eon. W. G. McAdoo, Chairman,
Beserve Bank Organisation Committee,
Boston, Mass*
Sir
Mr. Harold ¥. Stevens, President of the
Hartford National Bank, who represents the Hartford
Clearing House Association as its delegate to the
meeting of your committee to he held at Boston on
the selection of Federal Beserve Districts, also re
presents the interests of the Aetna national Bank
in approving the selection of Hew York City as a
Federal Beserve city
.and section*
ft^l-o d a c id from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the N atto nah W u es
D e p o s it a r y o f t h e U n it e d S t a t e s .
M. A . A n d r e w s , Cashier.
C a p i t a l , $600,000.
L u c iu s A . B a r b o u r , President.
C H A R T E R OAK N A T I O N A L BANK,
H a r t f o r d , C o n n .,
Jan* 7, 1914.
Mr. W. G. M q A & o o , Chairman,
Dear Sir;
Permit us to say that in view
of the nearness to lew York that in our
opinion it will he much better for Hartford
to he connected with the regional Bank, which
we presume will be located in lew York City.
He spe ct fu1ly your s ,
Cashier.
F * r
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
F
T h e C it y B a n k
Ha r t f o r d
Har tfo rd, C o nn.
C A P IT A L $ 4 - 4 0 . 0 0 0
E . D .R E D F IE L D , P * e s t .
E, S . G O O D R IC H , V
E .H .T U C K E R , C a
ic e
P rest.
s h ie r
A.W. J A C O B S , As s t . Cash i c r
L .E .S T O N E R , A sst. C a s h i e r
Jan. 2 # 1914.
Mr. William G. McAdoo
Chairman of the Reserve Bank Organization Committee
Boston, Mass.
Dear Sir:
At a special meeting of the Hartford Clearing
House Association held Dec. 3 0 f 1913, it was unanimously
voted to request that the State of Connecticut he included
in the regional district whose headquarters would naturally
he at New York City.
The hearer of this letter, Mr. Harold W. Stevens,
President of the Hartford National Bank of this city, has
been delegated to present to you the sentiments of the Clear
ing House Association.
As President of The City Bank of Hartford I de
sire to urge the request because by far the greater portion
of our business is conducted with New York City.
the National Archives
AY^ 1
(E m rtiru Hankers’ AaBoriatton
n w t
(JMSre of t f ^rrretary
l?
January 6, 1914*
Mr, H. W« Stevens, President,
Hartford National Bank,
Hartford, Conn.
Dear Sir:
Beg to inform you that in reply to the 115 notices
sent out to the banks and trust companies of this state
which would he eligible to join the national Reserve Association
I have had 88 replies.
8l of these express preference to be
placed in the Hew York Reserve District and only 7 have re*
quested to be placed in the Boston District.
national banks preferring to go to Boston are the
Thames of Norwich, the National of Naugatuck and the Windham
County
of Danielson.
The Danielson bank states that they
express this preference because they are nearer Boston, but
that if the majority of the banks prefer New York they will
be glad to join with the majority.
The Trust Companies preferring Boston are the
Willimantic Timst Company, the Branford Trust Company,
the Bristol Trust Company and the American Bank & Trust
Company of Hartford.
P ^ ' - fte ^ d u c e d from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C H A S . L. 5 P E N C E R ,
P r e s id e n t .
MARTIN W E L L E S , V i c e - P r e s i d e n t .
F. F. F IS H E R , A s s t . C a s h i e r .
H. W. E R V f N 6 , C a s h i e r .
H. J . MAERCKLEIN, A s s t . C a s h i e r .
Th e C o n n e c t i c u t R i v e r B a n k i n g C o m p a n y
INCORPORATED 1 8 2 5
Hartford,Conn.
Jan'
2>
1914
Hon. W. G. McAdoo,
Chairman of the Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
B6stom, Mass.
Dear Sir:It is our judgment that it would be more advan
tageous for this locality that this state should be included
in the regional district, having New York City as its headquaters.
We favor the action taken by the Hartford Clearing
House Association, at its meeting held December 30, 1913.
We are handing tkds letter, for presentation to
you,to Mr. Stevenfe, President of the Hartford Nat'l Bank,
who is the delegate of the Hartford Clearing House Association
t© attend the meeting to be held in Boston next week.
Very/i truly^otft's,
MW/J
President,
Rgprodlicfed from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
SURPLUS $600,000
CAPITAL $ 7 50,0 00
C O N N E C T IC U T T R U S T AND SAFE DEPOSIT COMPANY
HARTFORD, CONN,
M E I G S H .W H A P L E S , P
J O H N M .T A Y L O R , V
r e s id e n t
ic e
J O H N P. W H E E L E R ,T r
ARTHUR
HOSMER
P. D A Y , S
-P r e s .
e a s u r e r
e c r e t a r y
P. R E D F I E L D , A
J . L IN C O L N
FEN N , A
s s t
s s t
Hartford, Conn,
.T r e a s .
. S ecy.
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
December 30th, 1913#
Hon. William J. McAdoo, Chairman,
The Reserve Bank Reorganization Committee,
Washington, D, C«
Dear Sir:At a meeting of the Hartford Clearing House Association
held this day, it was unanimously voted to suggest, request and
favor the placing of Banks of the State of Connecticut in the Dis
trict of Hew York, and our representative - Mr, H. W. Stevens, Presi
dent of the Hartford national Bank - was appointed to represent the
Clearing House Association at the hearing to be held in Boston on
the 9th and 10th of January.
It was the opinion of every member
of the Clearing House, as far as could be ascertained, that a very
large percentage, probably more than 80
of the business of the
banks in this City of Hartford was conducted with lew York, as
against a proportion of 20
$ through Boston.
This is so very evident
to us in the line of our business that we entreat you to seriously
consider this petition.
President.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Hon. Wm. a, MoAdoo, Chairman,
Federal Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
Boston, Mass*
Dear Sir:— At request of Hartford Clearing House Association I
beg to present you this letter through Mr* Harold W* Stevens,
the duly appointed representative of said Association, at the
hearing granted by your Committee at Boston January 9th and 10th,
and to say that the officials and directors of this Bank strongly
favor including Connecticut in the regional reserve dlstriot whose
center is New York City*
We believe the bulk of business of
Connecticut banka is with New York rather than Boston*
An examina
tion of our books for October, November and December shows 86
per cent# of drawing on New York to 1M- per cent* on Boston*
Very respectfully,
President*
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Y t a EWiEiIlftui T f u n I E®mp@()(iit(|j(
FRANK
L.W ILCOX.President
THOMAS
L O O M I S A . N E W T O NS e c r e t a r y
,
A . S H A N N O N ,As s t . S e c y .
Hartford,Conn, December 31 st, 19x 3 .
Mr* W. G. MeAdoo, Chairman of the
Reserve Bank Organization
Boston
la 96.
Dear Sir:*
As the great iPOlume of our business is through lew York
banks, and as Bew York is the natural banking^conmercial center
for the greater portion of the state of Connecticut, we believe
that we ourselves and the people of the state would be best
;wejse!*ew York City named as the headquarters of our region
al district*
ffnsting that We?/ York City maybe appointed headquarters
for this regional district, we have the honor to remain
?,S*
fhis letter will be delivered to you by Mr. Harold 1. Stevens
President of the Hartford lational Bank, who by the Hartford Clearing
House Association was duly appointed as our representative to attend
the hearing which you have called in Boston.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Tin*
U a n r o Tittulh I (o u i| > a ir v
O L D K S T T R U S T C O M P A N Y I N C O N IS T E C T IC U T
RA LFH W . CUTLER, p r e s i d e n t
CHAS. M. JQ SL Y N . v i c e - p h e s t
FRAHK C. SU M N E R , t r e a s u r e r
H E N RY H . P E A S E , s e c r e t a r y
CHARLES C .R U S S , t r u s t o f f i c e r
H E R B E R T S. HOWARD, s a f e d e p o s i t o f f i c e r
Hartford,Co xxectk i
t
Beeember 31, 191S.
Mr. W. G. McA&oo, Chairman,
Reserve Bank Organization Committee
Boston, Mass*
Bear Sir:
This
T ill
be presented
"by
Mr. Harold W. Stevens, President
of the Hartford National Bank of this City, vrho, on behalf of the Hart
ford Clearing House Association, ^ill attend the meeting of your Com
mittee in relation to the selection of the Regional Reserve Bank for
the "zone” in which our City of Hartford is located.
We desire to supplement the resolution passed at the meeti
of the Hartford Clearing House Association, held Becem'ber 30,1913, by
the statement that ve are firmly of the opinion that the interests of
this whole district v-ould he best served by the selection of Ilev? York.
Daily settlements of the Hartford Clearing House Association are made
exclusively in Hew York Exchange.
Three-quarters of all the buvsinecs
of this whole section of Connecticut is done vith Hew York, and the
selection of any other city v<ould be in reversal of the regular order
of things, for our business rune toward Sew York as naturally as vater
runs dorn hill.
Any change in our relations with Keip York
v ould
result in serious financial and business disturbance in this vhole vicin
ity.
7/e see no reason vhy such a disturbance is vai’
ranted, and must
therefore urge most strongly the selection of Hew York by your Committee
as the Regional Reserve 3ank for the "zone” in vhieh Hartford is located
lM@tl*HQldin'gs*of the-National-ArcliivfeS1
P R E S ID E N T , W I L L I A M
G. BAXTER
S E C O N D V IC E -P R E S ID E N T , F R A N K G
F IR S T V IC E -P R E S ID E N T , W A L T E R L . W A K E F I E L D
MACOMBER
t r e a s u r e r , ALFR ED w . g r e e n
O F F IC E , 7 2 0 M A IN S T R E E T (T IM E S B U IL D IN G )
TELEPHO NE, CHARTER 1856
W IL L IA M I. B A R B E R
SECRETARY
x
nn., Jan. 7, 1914
C perry,
o
H. M
Secretary
Hartford Clearing House Association
Hartford. Con:
Dear SirsReplying to your favor of the 2nd inst.,
relative to a Federal Reserve Bank being established in hew York
to represent the business interests of New England and re
questing the sentiment of the members of this association in
regard to the matter, beg to say; That at a regular meeting
of this association held January 5th, 1914, the matter was con
sidered by this association, representing SOO business men in the
city of Hartford and it was unanimously voted, "That the action
of the Hartford Clearing House Association of Hartford, Conn. is
heartily endorsed, in requesting that the State of Connecticut be
included in the regional district with headquarters in New York
City, and that the Secretary of the Hartford Clearing House Association'be advised of the action taken by this association1
*.
It was
also voted,That a communication from the Boston Chamber of Commerce,
urging the support of this association in securing a Federal
Reserve Bank for Boston be indefinitely tabled.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
E.C. Jo h n s o n , P re sid e n t.
S.C.Du n h a m .Vic e P re sid e n t.
H.M. S p e r r y , C a s h ie r.
Mr. W* G. McAdoo, Chairman,
Reserve Banlc Organization Committee,
Boston, Mass.
sir:we desire to Have this Bank: placed on record as
favoring the inclusion of the state of Connecticut in
t&e regional reserve district whose headquarters should
be Hew YorK City.
$y actual figures^f the total transactions with
our Reserve Agents in Hew Yorlc and Boston during the
months of October, November and December 1913# only
was with our Boston correspondent, 82i$ of the total being
transactions with New YorK.
The Boston percentage would be
still further reduced if the large volume of items payable
outside of Boston but sent there was eliminated.
V
Items
sent Hew Yorlc are practically all payable in that City,
few foreign items being included.
There is no question from our viewpoint but that Uew
Yorlc is the natural financial center for this State and
we trust that the Organization Committee will so decide.
Mr. Harold W. Stevens of this City, who will attend
your Boston hearings as the representative of the Hartford
Mr. w. a* McAdoo, chairmanf #2*
Clearing House Association 3ms kindly consented to
present this letter to your committee.
Respectfully your
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
HARTJOHD CLEARING HOUSE ASSOCIATION,
Hartford, conn*
At a special me a ting of the Hartford Clearing
House Association held at the rooms of the Association,
December 30* 1?13, the following resolution was unanimously
adopted:
KBS0LV1D: Sfcat it is the unanimous opinion of the
Hartford Clearing House Association that the state of
Connecticut should be included with the regional district
wfcose headquarters should be Hew York city, as that City
Is the natural financial center for Connecticut.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
E C . J o h n s o n .P r e s i d e n t
S.C.D u n h a m .Vic e Pr e s i d e n t .
H.M. S p e r r y , C a s h ie r
Harold w. Stevens, lig., President,
Hartford national Bank,
Hartford, Conn.
Dear Sir:At a special meeting of the Hartford Clearing
House Association held today you were unanimously elected
a delegate to represent the Association at a hearing to
fee held January 9th and loth, 191
at Boston before the
Reserve Bank organization Comittee in regard to the
location of the Federal Reserve Banks and the geographical
limits of the districts.
I enclose copy of resolution adopted at the
meeting
Very truly yours,
Hartford Clearing
Reproduced from the Unclassified
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CAPITAL. S1.000.000
FREDERIC L .B U N C E , P r e s i d e n t .
LEON P BROADHURST, V i c e -P r e s i d e n t .
SURPLUS. 5500.000
C i 'S T d ®
i n c o r p o r a t e d * ^ ! 4-.
WILLIAM B .B A S S E T T , C a s h i e r .
MERRICK W. CHAPIN, A ssT C a s h i e r .
Mr. 17. G. Me Ado o, Chairman,
Reserve Bank Grgnisation Committee,
Boston, Hass.
Dear Sir:
V/e beg to add our appeal with the other banks
of Hartford that Connecticut, and particularly Hartford,
be joined to the New York Regional Reserve zone.
we believe that Hartford is no re closely
affiliated with the whole United States than any other
city of its sise, owing to its vast insurance interests,
and is therefore called upon daily for large amounts
of Hew York exchange; to pay for investments in all parts
of the union and for losses on both fire and life risks,
which also means sending money all over the United States,
as well as outside.
We believe that should Hartford
be placed in any other zone than with Hew York, it would
be very detrimental to Hartford’ interests.
s
The
Hartford Clearing House Association has voted unanimously
in favor of Connecticut, and particularly Hartford, being
joined with the Hew York sone, and the Association through
its representative, Mr. Harold W. Stevens, President of the
Hartford national Bank, will appear before you at your meet-
Kityofackd frorfi the Unclassified/ Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C A P IT A L . $ 1 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0
o m
FREDERIC L .B U N C E , P r e s i d e n t .
LEON P BROAD HURST, V i c e -P r e s i d e n t .
W
SURPLUS. $ 5 0 0 ,0 0 0
WILLIAM B . B A S S E T T . C a s h i e r .
MERRICK W. CHAPIN, A s s t C a s h i e r .
IN C O R P O R A T E D 1 8 I4 -.
R E O R G A N IZ E D I 8 6 4 - .
IM
P
' ' //? ,y r / y / r /■////.
#2.
Mr.
Jan>
1914.
T G. McAdoo, Chairman*
tm
ing in Boston to nore fully lay before you the opinion of
the banks of Hartford.
Yours very truly,
Vice President,
LPB/AIP
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ro r^ h ^ U n ^ ^ ^ ffie ^ D e c fa s s ifie ^ H o ld i^ ^ o n h ^ N a tio n a ^ rc h iv e s
ALBERT P. DAY. P r e s i d e n t
ROBERT C. GLAZIER, Tft CA SU REn
C APITAL AND S U R P L U S , $ 2 5 0 ,0 0 0
GENERAL BANKING
T R U S T D E P A R TM E N T
SAFE D E P O S IT VAULTS
R IV E R S ID E T R U S T C O M P A N Y
-68 P E A R L S T R E E T
December 31st, 1913.
HARTFORD, C O N N .
Eon. W. G. McAdoo,
Chairman Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
BOSTON,
Massachusetts.
Dear Sir:
This bank was represented at a Special Meeting of the
Hartford Clearing House Association, held December 30,1913, at
which a Resolution was unanimously adopted
stating that it
was the opinion of the Association that the State of Connecticut
should be included within the Regional District whose headquarters
should be New York City.
We feel that all our larger financial interests center
in New York and sincerely trust that your Honorable Committee will
include Hartford in the New York District, as set forth in the
resolution adopted as above.
We are handing this letter to Mr .Harold W.Stevens
President of the Hartford National Bank, who was appointed as the
delegate of the Hartford Clearing House Association to present its
views to your Honorable Committee.
Respectfully yours
President.
from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the NationalArchives
C a b le A d d r e s s :
S
e c u r it y
T
r u s t
C
SECURE.
ompany
HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT
A T W O O D C O L L IN S , P r e s i d e n t
C H A 8 . EDW. P R IO R , V i c e P r e s i d e n t a n d T r e a s u r e r
F R A N C IS P A R S O N S , V i c e P r e s i d e n t a n d T r u s t O f f i c e r
C H A S . EDW . P R IO R , JR ., S e c r e t a r y
A R T H U R . H. C O O L E Y , a s s i s t a n t t r e a s u r e r
A R T H U R M. B U N C E , a s s i s t a n t S e c r e t a r y
E A R L E E. D IM O N , a s s i s t a n t T r u s t O f f i c e r
January 3, 1914.
Mr. W. G. McAdoo, Chairman of the
Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
Boston, Mass.
Dear Sir:
We take pleasure in informing you that Mr. Harold
W. Stevens, President of the Hartford National Bank, has been
chosen a delegate from the Hartford Clearing House Association
to represent the Association at the hearing of the Reserve Bank
Organization Committee, to be £eld in Boston, January 9th and
10th.
The Hartford Clearing House Association is unanimous in
the opinion that the State of Connecticut should be included
with the regional district, having headquarters in New York
city, the natural financial center for Connecticut.
We endorse' the action of the Hartford Clearing House
Association upon this point, and heartily approve the naming of
Mr. Stevens to represent the Association.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
1 9 14.
Ion. William G. MoAdoo,
Chairman Beserve Bank Organisation Committee.
Hy dear Sir:This communication is by the hand of l£r. Harold
V. Stevens, President and successful Ifeaager of our largest
hanking institution, who was unanimously ohosen to represent
the Sartfext Clearing House Aseoelatlon at the meeting to he
held in Boston on the 9th and 10th Inst.
The Aet establishing Seglonal Beserve Banks provides
that - "The Districts shall he apportioned with due regard to
the convenience and customary course of the business, and shall
not neeeesarily he oo-termlnus with any State or States.” There is no question whatever hut that lew York
01 ty is the natural financial center for Connect lout.
hooks show that about eighty per oent (80$)
Our
of the business
transnoted in 1913 with Sew Tork and Boston was done with few
York Banks, and at least one-half of the Boston business would
have been traasacted wlt&V. lew Ye*k if it had been permitted to
•
take its natural oourss, but by the arbitrary charges in Hew
York for collection it has been driven in a roundabout course.
It cannot be otherwise than that a fiegional Beserve Bank in Boston
for Connecticut will be greatly to the disadvantage of the Banks
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
G E O . H . B U R T , Ca s h i er
C H A S A , L I L L I E A s s t . Ca s h i e r .
AN1>
INCORPORATED 1849.
C A P IT A L S T O C K
P R O F IT S
H
Wnu G . MoA.
r
$ 4 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
$ 4 2 5 ,0 0 0 -
a r t f o r d
, C oisrjsr.
January
fhirt,
19 14
2----
of this State, occasioning continual annoyance and extra expense.
Sentimentally we like Boston, but our relations
with lew York are so close in many ways owing to our location
that we oannot afford to ignore the practical.
Yery truly your®,
c //✓ President
67H/BL3
re c la s s ifie d Holdings of the Natonal Archives
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§
Jv'r .
W. G. McAdoo, Chairm&a,
Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
Boston, Mass*
Dear Sir:
We are handing Kr* Stevens this
letter as signifying our preference for lew
York City as the regional district in which
Connecticut is to be included.
Yours very truly,
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
GCS-
Exhibit No. o
Hearing at
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
/2-'7 j
&
(?,
A-.
N a t io n a l Ex c h a n g e Ba n k
M IfeH A E L F.D O O L E Y President
F R E D E R IC K S.PEG K Vice P re sid e n t.
J O S E P H E.FLETGHER Vice P re s id e n t.
AUGUSTUS R .P E IR G E Vice P re s id e n t.
CHARLES H.W.MANDEV1LLE C a sh ier.
Ca p i t a l , $ 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 .0 0
_
S U R PLU S ,$ 7 5 0 ,0 0 0 .0 0
S O SE© O DA Csh
E R .WO sst. a ier.
T -l T
J ROVIDENCE, rL.l.
t
-r
•%
,
J8.H« O, 1914,
M r • WillI9,T: A . Gaston, 'President,
National Shawmut Bank,
Boston, Mass,
My d«ar Mr. Gaston*.
In r e p l y to your letter of January 6 t h , it gives mo pleasure to say that I favor a Federal R e s e r v e Bank at Boston. It. is in
the fitness of things that it should bo located t h e r e , and in k i p p
ing w i t h the purposes of thf Federal Reserve A c t .
t
The newspapers Indicate a disposition on the part of some
bankers to favor a large regional bank at N Y o r k , ^ i t h the p o s s i b
ility of Boston becoming, a b r a n c h thereof.
A central bank with "branches was not acceptable to Congress,
and failed to receive its approval.
To establish then in any s e c
tion of the country a bank with the quasi influence and power of a
Central I n s t i t u t i o n ,’ i m i t e d ’ would appe a r as possibly violative of
’
L
,
1
t h e spirit of t h e new law.
S o m e may even regard it, however unjust
ly , as an effort to ke*p measurably aliv« conditions, real or lanci»d,
w h ich by the passage of the Currency Bill, it was intended to do
a way with.
One of the requirements in the Reserve Act w h i c h govern
the O r g a n ization Committee in their selection of cities for a re
serve bank is that a due regard to the geographical, industrial, and
With these conditions in
financial conditions is to be observed.
view, B o s t o n is surely w o r t h y of every consideration, for it is n a t
urally the banking and financial center of practically all New E n g
land w i t h its vast and varied interests.
Hew England, a compact territory and small compared to
other sections, is abounding in industrial enterprises with large
and is m o n e y strong;' and Bost o n has been a sure
m , » g -U \
.
nnj.
~ ' jfttftLTjjftirL jJjjtinfe
h
^
case of need in the past,
me4 of stress or panic, B o s t o n has taken good care
of its depositors fwho needed m o n e y , whether banks or p e o p l e , equally
r
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
N a t io n a l Ex c h a n g e Ba n k
Ca
M IG H A E L F . DOOLEY P r e s i d e n t
F R E D E R IC K S.PEG K Vice P r e s id e n t
JO S E P H E .F L E T G H E R Vice P re s id e n t.
A U 0U STU S R .P E IR G E Vice P r e s id e n t
GHARLE S H .W. MAND EYILLE C a sh ier.
GEORGE G.WDOD A sat.,C ashier.
p it a l
, $ 5 0 0 ,0 0 0 .0 0
S u R p l u s,$> 7 5 0 , 0 0 0 . 0 0
P r o v i d e n c e ,R.I.
as well as other reserve cities, and possibly better than some.
Daring 1907, the ‘
bankers and financiers in a largo cen
tral reserve city seamed unable to take care of anybody bat them
selves, and it would be unfair to them to say that even this they
did with any signal success. In their efforts "to save the Coun
try and the situation” th.*y gave a practical illustration of the
sentiment of St. Paul that nothing is quickened except it lirst
dies. Boston during that period demonstrated its ability to help,
and served New England splendidly.
Under any circumstances t h e presence of a regional bank
cannot but add enormously to t h e strength it already enjoys.
With Boston’ enviable record as a banking and business
s
city, and its geographical advantages, it is assured a favorable
hearing, and I trust the outcome of this hearing will be the
establishment of a Federal K r » s e r v e Bank there.
Boston has always been numbered among the larger planets,
why should it now take place among the satellites?
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
$vdi&n<xl % m i k :
T r a n k P. M a y n a r d , p r e s i d e n t . G e o . H .S t o w e l l,v i c f .
G e o . A .T e n n e y , c a s h i e r .
pr e s
January 8 , 19X4.
.
*
Mr. William A, Gaston, President,
The national Shawmut Bank*
Bo 3ton, Hass.
Bear Sir:
\
I have the pleasure to aekn««l«4gt reeeIpt of
your letter of the sixth Instant, but regret to i n f o m
you that I ahall be unable to attend the hearings In
*
question to be held the ninth and tenth instant la
Boston*
I desire, however, to embrace this opportunity
to register my earn eat plea that one of the Federal Be*
serve Banks (Khali be located in Boston.
X believe that
the business Interests of Sew Sngland are so olesely
identified and intimately related to Boston as to make
this imperative, and in any measure to disrupt this
condition and relationship would oause serious incon
venience to the business interest# of Bee feiglaad^that
are naturally tributes? to Boston,and that it would
prove generally unset isfaetory and harmful to those
interests*
I hope that your arguments will so impress
this Federal Organisation Committee that they will deg r ^ g O ^ o n Boston ae one of the cities pro#er in which to
ite la Federal Reserve Bank*
Such action, 1 am sure,
■■
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
2
D
^n tixm n l |8mtk>
F r a n k P. M a y n a r d , p r e s i d e n t . G e o . H .S t o w e l l,v i c e
G e o . A .T e n n e y , c
p r e s .
a s h ie r .
#2—
4£r. W illiam A. G aston, P rea.
Jan. 8 , 19X4.
would meet w ith th e h ea rty endorsement and approval
oaf not on ly the banking but th e e n tir e b u sin e ss in t e r
e s t s throughout New England.
Vsry r e s p e c t f u lly y o u rs,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
January 7th, 1914*
P '
\r
%
o p
William A. Gaston, Presft.,
The National Shawmut Bank,
Boston, Mass.
My dear Mr. Gas ton
I am in receipt of yours of yesterday,
with invitation to attend the hearing to he given in Boston
by the federal Organization Committee relative to the locat
ing of a Federal Reserve Bank, at Boston.
I would very much like to be present on one or
both days of the Hearing but regret, owing to previo-us engage
rs nts that I cannot be there.
Personally, I would favor the
establishing of a Reserve Bank at Boston owing to tbe populat
ion and wealth of the City and its surroundings as well as the
natural tendency of Hew England in general as to looking to
Boston as a banking center.
(A N S W E R E D !
Yours very truly,
|F
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
I
J. E M E R V
HARRIiyiAN, J R.
GEO W R. H A R R I M A N :
H A R R IM A N
B O STO N,
BROS
MASS.
January 9th, 191^
To Secretaries Me Adoo and Houston,
Members of the Organization Committee,
Federal Reserve Act.
Gentlemen;Having made a special study of methods of dividing
territory into blocks bounded by regular geographical lines,
for the purpose of enabling any particular problem to be
conveniently studded graphically and statistically, I have
recently made various studies to indicate the utility of the
methods which I have worked cut in connection with the work
of your committee.
After the representatives of the banks
and commercial bodies have been heard I should like an op
portunity to present to your committee some small maps which
I have prepared which present in outline some of the facts
and data with which your committee has to deal. The methods
which I employ are particularly adapted to indicate graphically
the transportation facilities and the financial and industrial
conditions which enter into the particular problem which is
before you*
I
desire particularly to present a method by which
the various federal reaaarre districts which may be proposed
for your con side rat ion may be conveniently and fully studied
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
GEO W R. H A R R I M A N
H A R R IM A N
B O STO N,
BROS
MASS.
January
3, 191^
so that all necessary information in regard to the conditions and
of the statistics of any particular proposed district may
be graphically presented before a final decision is arrived
at,
I desire particularly to emphasize the idea that the
problem before you can only be properly studied from a
national standpoint, that is, the lines of every district
must be considered in reference to those of every other
district •
As it seems very clear that state lines will not
be adhered to in the defining of the federal reserve districts,
it seems essential that your committee should adopt some
method of mapping out the districts which will not be arbitrary
in its character but will be based upon some map making method
which can be consistently applied to the whole territory of
the United States.
It seems to me that the proper performance
of your work requires the adoption of some unit of area based
upon geographical lines and I believe that I can show you
the most convenient unit of area to adopt for this purpose.
Yours verv trulv,
R ep rod uced from the U n cla ssified
I D ecla ssified H oldings of the N ational A rchives
T R A N S PO R T A T IO N
m e t * .
.
.
f
IN D U STR IAL G E O G R A P H Y
.
tern
z
h
x
m
m
R. Harriman. He may not call
§ %
himself that, but he is. He has
studied geography from, every
point of view—physically, comOerdally, industrially—and as a result he i
put together his facts and hammered |
► a system whereby he can represent by
ut
beans of maps, charts and tables:
Li The location, geographically, of cen
tres of population, political divi
sions and other fixed places and es
tablishments;
the predominating
characteristics of the same.
2. The courses and lengths of channels
of communication, together with,
the ownership of such of them as
__
are property.
las
i.a tu ra l Geography
This was a big piece o f work, and in the
course o f it Mr. Harrim an discovered that
political divisions are artificial divisions,
not natural ones.
F o r example, • as a
glance a t F igu re 1 proves, what is there
termed the "N orth ern Colonial Group" has
no real business stopping w ith the'northern
borders o f N e w York, N e w Hampshire,
^Vermont and Maine; it actually scientifi
ca lly includes all the land between the St.
Law ren ce and the ocean. F o r all that sec
tion o f the N orth A m erican continent is a
peninsula whose interests, commercial and
industrial, are homogeneous, and which is
subject to N o rth A tlan tic cofcst transporta
tion.
I t is not necessary fo r the purpose o f this
article to describe how each group was
made up: a short study o f the map w ill
3. The information of general useful
ness concerning the relations of
natural and artificial features of
the country, and
4. The Industrial, commerclaj and so
cial* development of communities
and localities.
Rewriting the Maps
;
As scientific geographer Mr. Harriman’s
first task was to rewrite the maps of the
world
For instance, the map of North
America as represented in the ordinary
geographies is not at all scientific.
The
divisions into States are for the most part
purely artificial. They are due in the East
to ancient gifts of land to the early settlers
by English kings, who didn’t know what
they were giving away, but who were quite
sure that it was their property to dispose
-Of; later to steals or purchases frpm the
show the good sense o f the grouping—how
State lines are kept as group boundary
lines, how mountain ranges are utilized as
divisions iust as are the rivers. This was
but the first step. Th e next is shown in the
next map,
n
t
The “A tlas U n it”
H arrim an haS1 divided the continent—or
rather the habitable part o f it—into fou r
teen “ m ajor divisions,” each division being
subdivided into “ atlas units.” The m ajor
division at the northwestern corner o£ the
map corresponds very 'n early to the nat
ural geographical character o f that section ‘
o f the continent, do with the others.. The
“ m ajor division,” fo r example, at the ex
trem e northeastern corner, corresponds
roughly to the “ northern colonial group.”
But there is this difference: that each divi
sion, instead o f being bounded by State
Indians, and later still to purchases or
conquests from contending possessors. All
this land was laid out into States and Ter-ji
ritories, mostly with straight lines for!
boundaries.
In the W est just beyond thej
Mississippi' River the geography of the!
country is geometry, not geography.
;
W hat Harriman began with, then, was a
revision of this system. He saw that the
United States, for example, really consists
of a group of nations, not of forty-odd
sovereign States. That is to say, although,
politically speaking, the United States con
sists of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont
and so on to Washington and California, in
a broader sense it is made up of nine
groups of States which are, in effect, nine
geographic units So the map of the United
States must.be rewritten scientifically along
these lines.
lines or sh iftin g rivers, or the top o f a
mountain range, is bounded by the lines o f
latitude and longitude.
Each o f these
« great divisions, further, is made up o f
“ atlas units,” which are described by their
Inventor as fo llo w -:
A n atlas unit is an approxi
m ate rectangle bounded by parallels
o f latitude and meridians o f longitude
its dimensions being 1 degree o f lati
tude from north to south and 2V2 de
grees o f longitude from east to west
Th e entire area o f the continent or
other portion o f the w orld's surface
which is to be classified and tabulated
according to m y system is thus divided
into units o f which the boundaries are
determined as above Indicated by defi
nite geographical lines. I t is not essen
tia l that the dimensions o f the units
should be given, fo r these dimensions
m ay va ry without departing from the
spirit o f the invention, but it is o f the
T R A N S P O R T A T IO N
A N O
PATENT APPLIED FOR S Y S TE M
BOSTON EVENING TRANSCRIPT, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 2(>. l!>l-2'
Mk S C IE N T IF IC geographer is G. W .
IN D U S T R
For Ascertaining Routes, Rates and Industrial
Each Atlas Unit contains 1 Units of the
0
NORTH
A M E R IC A
P a rc e l P o s t S e rie s
M A R R I M A N S
•»
Ge
o g r a p h ic
Code M
a p s h o w in g
IA L .
G E O G R A P H Y
Resources
COPYRIGHTED I9 I£ ,19I3 .
Each Atlas Unit contains 2'k Blocks of the
lntp.r.state Commerce Commission Series
M a jo rD iv is io n s a n q A t l a s U n i t s : The heavy black lines indicate ttiejJrouping’ Of A tlasU n its into M ajor D iv is io n s . _
covers a defined (reojyraphical area thus:- Major Division No.7, which contains Atlas Units 7108 to 7468, represents the Missis
sippi Valley area; major division No.4,which contains Atlas Units 4l08to4604 represents that section of the country east of the Hudson
River; m ^ordivision No.3 which contains AtiasUnits3108to3772 represents the G reat Lakes region etc., etc ..
.
A t l a s U n i t s a r e numerically grouped in their respective major divisions:-thus AtlasUnits 1108 to 1596 are in major division No.
AtlasUnits2108to2708arein major division No.Z etc.,etc.. The dimensions of an Atlas Unit are I North and5outh by a% Last and w e s t.
A M ajo r Division
essence o f the invention that the boun
daries should be determined by definite
and universally conventional geograph
ical lines, as the parallels o f latitude
and meridians o f longitude.
Th e N orth American Continent Is, there
fore, cut up'-into scientifically defined units,
these units being, in turn, scientifically I
grouped and numbered fo r the sake o f
identification. A ll the atlas units in the
first group are prefaced by the coefficient ■
1; those in group 2, by the coefficient 2, and
so on. Further, this numbering goes from
west to east, so that the highest num ber,;
14, is found in the extrem e southeast p a rt'
o f the map.
The system is a t once s o 1
simple and so complete that the mere num
ber o f a u nit'suffices to tell you a t oncei
exactly where it is.
i
C o p y r ig h t e o
1913 b y G e o r g e W . R .H a r r im a n
$ 3
j^ ^ r> te r» S
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FOR
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B I S i l t E
B A N K
S Y S TE M
TITLE
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H0U5E
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2 A d r« a n
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SCALE or MILtS
M A JO R D IV IS IO N
S T A T E L IN E S
BOUNDARY
COPYRIGHTED
1913
BY
GEO. W. R. H A R R I i V i A N
BASIC FIGURE OF MAJOR DIVISION
ATLAS UNIT NUM8CR
8 4 5?
84 52
HARRIMAN (ooe Clearing House
fc
A t u a 5 *L ro A lp h a b W ' t a ' U
O
i
U H IT
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1
6 340
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,
7 3 0 8 - 1 (l,it+le Rock
l_ora i r>
3 692
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9 116
3 Lou<S v i lie
7 1 64
4 5 4 8 3li~c>wefl
83 00
3 Macon
3 7 4 8 J ” Mansfield 0 .
7 2 6 8 IO Memphis
R M erid ian
7 3 80
3 5 4 0 JO Milwaukee
3 4 -6 0
4- Minneapolis
7 4 4 4 4 Mobi le
658o
5 Moicoc^ee
7 244- 7
4 tVev« B edford
4572
4 . 5 6 4 - I O D«w Haven
746o
5 New Orleans
Z New Yoi-k
4388
8 2 12
3 IWor-Polk__
5 Norm Y ak im a
154 8
1 Oakland
5 4 52'
5 2 9 2- 7 Qgc/Pn
6 5 7 Z 10 Oklahoma City
6 2 9 2- 9 Om a h a
1 Ow?nj boro
7204
.< Pas Wadena
*
S I 16
1 Peoria
37 32
5 .Philad elph i'a
8 1 32
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1 5 72 4 5 0 8 5 Portland M.C.
3 Providence
4v572
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6 4 127M 6
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3 Read in C
3 7 72.
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5 3 64
8 1 88 - 1
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3 6 04
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1
7 1083+; Lovi>s
7 148
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4
34 6 0
2,1 Salt Lake City_
5340
1 Scin Dietfo
9 196
— 3 4 5 2 r 4 ^San Francisco
San vjose'
5432
8 3 08
3 Scranton
3 7 08
1 5 1 6 -- 1 Seattle
6 2 4 4 ^ aS ieu x City .. lavra. 1
o.
6 1 9 6- 2 Sioux. F a iii S Dak
3 South &6nd
3 6 76
1 ^poKt?n,e
1532
7 1 24
III
1 Springfield
4 5 4 0 I O tSpri'njffield __ Maw
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3 Springf-jlGld
8 1 08
3
5452
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ra c u je
1 5 '( 6 6 l2»com a
3 6 8 4 - 3 Toledo
3 Topeka
6388
45 86
6 TrCnt-on
6 5 3 2 - 8 To 1sa
B Vicks bor-g
7 3 72
1 Washmcfton O.C.
S 16 4
35 96
6 W aterlo o
9 Wheel 1n 0
3756
6484
1 Wi ch ita
3 7 0 8- 3 Wi Ikes b arre
8 1 32}- 4 W ilm ington Dpi
8 2 6 o f 10 Wilming'tdM N-C.
4 5 4 8 - 10 \Voreenter
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122° 30
120°
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87*30'
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32*30
G E O G R A P H I C
C O D E
C O P Y R I G H T E.O__________ I 9 ' 3 _______________
|
90*
S Y S TE M
87*30'
85*
FED ER AL. R E S E R V E A C T
82*30
60° •
77*30*
75°
72tt3o'
70°
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4 5 4 o -io H o Ijy o K e M a s s
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S c h e n e v u s N a tio n a l
8132.' 7 Baltimore
Maf ions I fenk of
M A JO R D IV IS IO N
5 T AT C L IN E S
.
BOUNDARY
COPYRIGHTED
1913
BY
GEO. W. R. H A R R I M A N
BASIC FIGURE Or MAJOR DIVISION
ATLAS UNIT NUMBCR
8 4 5?
84 5 S
I
M A N S
U N I T
B A S E
T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
pa t---AP IE ---F R YT.M j
ten
P L D O--S S F __
MAP
U N I T E D
S T
_________ A T E S
130°
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67°30
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ATLA5 UNIT NUMBER
65'
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l.C.C. Statistical Groupings*- 7
S Y S T E M
SO*
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72°30'
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R ep rod uced from th e U n cla ssified
I D e cla ssified H o ldings o f the N ational A rch ive s
H A R R IM A N S
P ATENT APPLIED
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TRANSPORTATION
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AND
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HARR I MANS
GEOGRAPHY
TRANSPORTATION'' INDUSTRIAL
CHART
I
1
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69° 30'
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Ohio
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V ce. Pres.
i
National Union Bank
State. St. Boston, Mass.
^Charles P B lm n________________
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N a t i o n a l Union B a n k
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BY
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.
MILES
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F I G U R E OF M AJ O R D IV IS IO N
UNIT N U M BC K
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.
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ATLA5
F I G U R E OF M A J O R D I V IS I O N
UNIT NUMB CR
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BY
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BA SI C
ATLA.
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S T A T E S
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_______P A T E N T
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R ep rod uced from the U ncla ssifie d
I D ecla ssified H oldings o f the N ational A rch ive s
J. E M E R Y
HARRIMAN, J R .
GEO W R
HARRIMAN
HARRIMAN
BROS
B O STO N , MASS.
S3
Jan. 1 ^, 191^.
To Secretaries MoAdoc and Houston,
Members of Organization Committee,
Federal Reserve Act.
Gentlemen:In further explanation of the adaptability of my sys
tem which I submitted to you at the Boston hearing, I am sending
three additional basic charts, marked 0 , D, and E , bearing on
thw work of your committee.
Chart C« ha® indicated upon it according to geographical
location the amount of capital and surplus for each "Atlas Unit
Area” based upon my system.
(The amounts indicited were com
piled from the Comptroller’ s report of 1912_0^
Chart D, has indicated upon it according to geographical
location the capital and surplus amount for each state*
Chart E . has indicated upon it according to geographical
location the net deposits for each state.
( the figures of the above two reports are based on
Comptrollers report of Oct. 21, 1913*
' ---- - The Figures in red in each”Atlas Unit” express the
amounts in thousands.
You will observe on such portions of the chart C« as
havebeen filled in that there are no less than seventeen ( 1 7 ;
" Atlas Unit Areas” shown in which no banks are located, but
indicated by zero in each such unit. This chart clearly
indicates that the nAtlas Unit Area” is more logical to use in
determining the extent of each Regional District, rather than
attempting to follow state boundrjr lines in the make up of
these districts.
This condition was foretold in the Act
itself, when it provided that the boundaries of the reserve
districts should "not necessarily be co-terminous with any
state or states."
I offer the suggestion that if a series of five
charts, as indicated hereinafter, were prepared and published
on m system and furnished to the bankers who might appear
y
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
•J E M E R Y
GEO W R H A R R I M A N
H A R R IM A N , J R .
H A R R IM A N
B O STO N,
BROS
MASS.
January l4, 191^
before this committee and let them indicate on such charts
the boundaries of the districts which they might suggest,
it would give you a set of maps upon a basic standard
which would materially aid you in coming to a decision
ifti accordance with the specifications and requirements of
the Act.
The charts suggested are as follows
Chart A. showing location of the central reserve
cities and reserve cities in the United States.
Chart B. showing the location of the clearing
house cities of the United States.
Chart C. having indicated upon it geographically
the capital and surplus amount for each *Atlas Unit*1
1
Chart D. having indicated upon it geographically
the capital and surplus amount by states.
Chart E. having indicated upon it geographically
the net deposits for each state.
Charts C, D, and E are herewith enclosed.
Charts A and B were enclosed in my original portfolio of
charts submitted to you at Boston hearing.
Yours very truly,
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
CKar+
h
a
r
A T L A S
U
-
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S T A
122° 3 0 ’
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T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
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9 7*3 0 '
BY
G E O G R A P H I C
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5 2*3 0
C O D E
C O P Y R i f c H T t p __________ I 9 t 3
H I L L
B A N K
95 *
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90“
S Y S T E M
87*3 0
G E O . W. R. M A R R I M A N
65“
A M O U N T S IN THOUSANDS
N| ° -
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS ftY ATLAS O n YY-S
62*30
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•
12*30*
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BA5IC
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F I G U R E OF M AJ O R
UNIT N U M BER
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DIVISION
65"
8 4 5?
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—
*
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit No. f*
Hearing at
Chart
A T L A S
U
N
I
T
U N I T
E
D
B A S E
S
T
A
C O P Y R r o n T t- D
M A P
T
E
D
S
F E O I I A l ,
R E S E R V E
BANK.
S Y S T E M
C
apital+ u plu B States
5r 5 y
Alabama
A rizona
Arkansas
C a lifo rn ia
M 3!
000
I B 00
H 0
7 510 000
85 068 000
Colorado
18 580 000
(bnnec.tic.ut
Delaware
O
i’stof Glumbia
3\ 33! 000
3 302 000
I! 844 000
Florida
1 59X000
0
G eorgia
U SO! 000
Idaho
5 0416 ooo
Illinois
Indiana
IZQ 112, 000
40 82$ 000
Iowa
Kansas
32 712 000
Ken+ycky
Louisiana
JS 86fl 000
M 3 in e
18 463 0Q0
13 601 000
1 510 Q O
1
O
M aryland
2& 85o (ioo
MassacHu5eHs
% 3% ooo
M ic h ig a n
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
M vu Hampshire
e
II Vil 0 0
0
41 785 000
5 029 000
51 90 5 000
7 984 000
M 6 1 1 ooo
I
£13 000
6 687 ooo
N Jersey
evv
New Mexico
45 617 000
Jlew York
344 2,16 000
Korth Caroling
North Dakota
3
%M ooo
II 319 000
7 361 000
Ohio
93 916 000
O klahom a
I? 3X1 000
14 0 4 6 0 0 0
Oregon
P e n n s y lv a n ia
Rhode Is la n d
6otirb Carolina
5outh D ako ta
Tennessee
Texas
U ta h
YsrwonfVi r jfm ta
W a s h in g t o n
West Virginia
W isconsin
W y o m in g
ZSl 915 ooo
10 750 000
8 5I& ooo
5 577 000
18 77o Ooo
7* 37JI ooo
5 047 000
7 090
ooo
Vi 356 000
n 04s 000
1 534 0 t
6 0t
2S 877 O O
O
Z 912 000
Chart- E_
H A R R I M A N S
A T L A S
u
n
i
t
U N I T
E D
B A S E
s
T
A
T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
MA P
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A N D
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ADAPTED
D E 1 A L ____ M I S E 8 V E
G E O
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1 A K R
S Y S
T E M
G R A P H I C
tlcDepo5 its m
C O D E
By S t a t e s
N!
Alabama
A rizo n a
Arkansas
California
(blorado
(bnnec.tie.ut
Delaware
Oishof (jplom
btB
Florida
Georgia
Id a h o
Illinois
Indiana
Io w a
Kansas
K en+ocky
L o u is ia n a
Maine
M a r y la n d
Massachusetts.
Michigan
Minne.sa+a
Mississippi
M is s o u r i
N e b ra s k a
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
Nev* MbeXico
IXcw V o rk
North Carolina
Norfh Oaftotci
O hio
O klah o m a
O retfon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
Carolina
^oo+h D a M a
Tennessee
Texas
U iah
Verm ont
Vi r^ in ia
Wash in £+01
West yircfint'a
Wisconsin
W yom
* Montana
MAJOR
STATE
DIVISION
LINES
BOUNDARY
COPYRIGHTED
1913
BY
GEO. W. R. H A R R I M A N
B A S IC
ATLAS
I- l O U K C O f M A J O R
U NIT N U M B I R
^ 3
D IVISIO N
if
QA5H
8 4 5
Al Wl ,000,
8 m oao
IS 96i 000
300 -406 ooo
94 3i"9 ouo
69 <144 duo
8 795 000
Z i 383 ooo
31 ^55 000
SZ 034 000
1 814 00(1
9
515 860 000
151 294 000
164- 697 000
77 6oo (io0
68 S60 000
39 904 000
4g 970 000
102, 3J>0 ooo
385" 144 000
IM 316 ooo
224 196 000
14 53G O
OO
224 10 000
1
11 2,49 000
2
6 86* O o
o
M l&S ooo
£10 117 000
14 493 000
1533
Oo
o
35 S91 000
38 744 000
3 ? 869 ooo
6u
74 335" ooo
381 000
949 5 -1 000
4
31 518 ooo
11 909 Ooo
54 873 000
U 5Z1 000
413 911 000
ZZ 12.5" OOO
19 769 ooo
99 675 ooo
88 546 ooo
S i 393 ooo
143 114 00O
14 3al Ooo
37 559 000
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit No. / C
Hearing at
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Memorandum re the districts to be formed tmder the Federal Reserve Act—
prepared by W. D. Higgins, 76 State Street, Boston, Jass.
lote* The results presented are arrived at by a preliminary survey
and important elements concerning the'subject have not been even consider
ed; hence the districts as here laid out should probably be changed
considerably.
Amounts are in millions of dollars
1912
Capital Deposits
1932
Capital Deposits
Estimated
# 201.
$369.
# 212 *
#905.
#223.
#1,441.
Hew York
306.
1 ,200.
736.
4 f242.
1,166.
7,284.
Philadelphia
208.
505.
667.
1,939.
1,126.
3,373.
Atlanta
92.
126.
232.
616.
372.
1,106.
Hew Orleans
50.
^9
CD
.
1892
Capital Deposits
203.
557.
356.
1,036.
138.
425.
380.
1,914.
622.
3,403.
Minneapolis
47.
1 12 .
106.
529.
165.
946.
Cincinnati
85.
203.
218.
823.
351.
1,443.
•
o
03
49.
43.
206.
66.
363.
111.
237.
220.
984.
330.
1,731.
San Pranoiaoo
75.
84.
155.
575.
235.
1,066.
Portland
18.
33.
54.
254.
90.
475.
Boston
Chicago
Denver
St. Louis
these Districts
Boston:
lew York:
Philadelphia:
Atlanta:
lew Orleans:
Chicago:
Minneapolis:
Cincinnati;
Denver:
St* Louis:
San Francisco:
Portland:
Maine, Sew Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts
and Hhode Island*
Connect lent, 2Tew York and Hew Jersey*
Pennsylvania, Delawaret Maryland, Diet. of Columbia,
Virginia and West Virginia.
Ho. Car., So* Car*, Georgia, Fla. Ala* Kentucky, fenn.
Miss., La., fexas, Ark., Oklahoma.
Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa.
Minn., Mont., Ho. Dakota, So* Dakota.
Ohio, Indiana.
Colorado, Hew Mexico, Utah, Wyoming.
Missouri, Kansas, Hebraska.
Calif., Arizona, levada, Idaho.
Washington, Oregon.
Exhibit WA W
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Memorandum re the districts to be fonaed under the federal Be serve
Act— prepared by 1. 2). Higgins. 75 State St. 9 Boston, Mass.
A showing of tlie capital investment of the districts as laid oat
in exhibit * A " and the resulting capital investment--capital
paid in— in the reserve banks in 1912 and 1952, the latter es
timated.
Amounts in millions of dollars.
1912
Commercial
hanks
Be serve
banks
1932
Estimated
Commercial
Beserre
hanks
hanks
# 212 .
*12 .
#223.
#13.
lew York
736.
44.
1,166.
70.
Philadelphia
667.
40.
1,126.
67.
Atlanta
232.
14.
372.
22.
lew Orleans
203.
12 .
396.
21 .
Chicago
380.
mat
&<Om
622.
37.
Minneapolis
106.
6.
165.
10 .
Cl&dnn&ti
218.
12 .
351.
21 .
66.
4.
Boston
JDenver
43.
2.5
St. Louis
220.
13.
330.
20.
San Francisco
160.
9.
236.
14.
54.
3.
90*
5.
Portland
Sxhibit * 1 "
IPWPIII— II
"W P—
—
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P
M
I
■I
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- ' —. :
’-------— • :•.............. - .
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit No. I f
fio & r in g &t* /v 3 ^ j
f H !
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W/
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wfA
Bl — w— — — T j P MP P I ^ T " — — WT
T-
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Ml
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■— rr— -------> .- •• •. • - ■
!
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Attlebanr—Ih e Hub gf the Jewelry UJorlii
d ir e c t o r s
O F F IC E R S
A.
F r a n k
C h a r l e s
W
i l l i a m
F r e d
A .
E r n e s t
O .
L .
S w e e t )
K in g
j
k
U
M o s s b e r g , p r e s id e n t
G EORGE A.
S.
B. J A C O B S
E dgar T r e g o n in g
MILLARD F. A S H L E Y
P r e s id e n t s ^
T homas
C H A S . R.
JO SEPH
V ic e
)
M o o r e , secretary
M .
SWEENEY
FRED L. TORREY
D a v id
FlNBERG
L.
G eorge
F u l l e r , treasurer
A t t l e b a r a
l o a r f r
g f
Low
m
. worrall
E.
Campbell
Ra l p h
C.
E t a it t
■ Axm
m/
44,.,
January
2
Hr. James A. McKibben, Sec.,
Bostom Chamber of Commerce,
177 Milk St.,
Boston, Mass.
Dear Sir:
Your circular letter of January 1, received.
The writer is strongly of the opinion that one of these
regional banks should be located in Boston, and he is also in
favor of Hew England as one of its districts.
According to the sentiment here throughout the Town of
Attleboro, the Currency ±
5111 is favored, especially by those who
have studied the same so as to understand it.
If you will kindly inform the writer at what time on
January 9, the hearing is to be held, he will notify some of the
business people here, who will be pleased to be present.
lours truly,
PRESIDE!?.
MCCAFFREY
M ANCHESTER
C. G r a n t
Estes
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
TAL TELEGRAPH - C O M M E R C IA L C A B LE S
RECEIVED AT
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
BOSTON
■
a— m — m m m
CLARENCE
H. M A C K A Y ,
—m m
Presioent.
—
_
TELEGRAM
DELIVERY
ThePosta! Telegraph Cable Company (Incorporated transm its and delivers this message subject to the terms and conditions printed on the back of this blank
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
E.
B.
G iL C H R E S T ,
C,
S ecretary.
W.
T
W ESCO TT,
r e a s u r e r
.
B E L F A S T BOARD O F TRA DE.
B e lfa s t,
M a i n e „ . :r
r.January-.6t h * .....
.
........... 1 9 1 4 *.
Boston Chamber of Comme.roe »
177 Milk St.,
Boston, Mass.
Gentlemen : We herewith acknowledge the receipt of the
Report of the Special Committee on Regional Reserve Bank and the
Belfast Board of Trade, unanimously, endorses the recommendation
that Hew England should be made a Federal Reserve District and
that a Federal Reserve Bank should be established in Boston#
We believe this to be the best way in which
to serve the people of Hew England and are therefor glad of an
opportunity to express our opinion on this very important subject*
This opinion you may convey to the Reserve
Bank Organization Committee at its hearing on this subject
January 9th*
Yerybtruly yours,
The Belfast Board of Trade,
m l e /h .
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B
rattleboro
B
oard
o f
T
rade
U
M A J O R C . H O U G H T O N , P R E S ID E N T
G EO RG E L. D U N H A M .
• V ic e P r e s id
J. EDGAR M E LLEN ,
C H A R L E S A . B O Y D E N , TREASURER
C A R L S. H O P K IN S , SECRETARY
e n ts
B rattleboro , V t .
January
8t h /
1914.
Mr. James A. McKibben,
Secretary of the Boston Chamber of Commerce,
Boston, Mass.
Dear Mr. McKibben,
Your letter of January 1st, also your night
letter of January 7th, at hand.
Have appointed, as representative of our Board
of Trade, to attend the hearing of the Reserve Bank
Organization Committee, in your city to-morrow, Jan. 9th,
Mr. V. K. Brackett, Cashier of the Peoples* National Bank
of this town.
I think that there certainly should be a Reserve
Bank in Boston for all of New England, and trust that the
Committee will feel that they should establish such a
Bank.
Yours very truly,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
”
■ ......... .. ’
.... 1
TELEGRAPH - C O M M E R C IA L C A B LES
CLARENCE
■
RECEIVED AT
1
CHAM BER OF COM M ERCE
■
ROST0N
H. M A C K A Y .
Pr e s i d e n t .
•
'. :
^
:
TELEGRAM
ThePosta! Telegraph-Cable Company cIrccrporated stransmits and delivers this message subject to the terms and conditions printed on the back of this bSank
WPM-49
0
D S GNPATENTN.40B
EI
* 02
chburg Mass Jan
Jas A McKibben, Secy.',
The Fitchburg board of trade and merchants association belisves
that it would be for the’
real benefit of not only
NewEngland but the entire country to have one of the
reserve banks in Boston. The reputation geographical location
and traditions of we England certainly entitle us to one of the
banks. I very much regret my inability to attend the meeting
this morning
F i Nichols, President
IQQfe—
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
P O STIL TELEGRAPH-GARIfrCOMPANY H S r THE COMMERCIAL CABLE COMP
THE SREATEST TELEGRAPH AND CABLE SYSTEM IN THE WORLD.
EXTEHDS OVER TWO-THIRDS OF TRE WAY AROOHD THE EARTH.
THE POSTAL TELEGRAPH-CABLE COMPANY
(INCORPORATED)
T R A N S M IT S AND DELIVERS TH E W ITH IN MESSAGE SUBJECT TO TH E FOLLOWING T E R M S AND C O N D ITIO N S :
To guard against mistakes or delays, the sender of a message should order it R E P E A T E D ; that is, telegraphed back to the originating office fo r comparison. F o r this, one-half
the regular rate is charged in addition. I t is agreed between the sender of the message w ritten on the face hereof and the Postal Telegraph-Cable Company, that said Company shall not
be liable for mistakes or delays in the transmission or delivery, or for non-delivery, of any u n r f p e a t e t > message, beyond the amount received fo r sending the same: nor for mistakes or
delays in the transmission or delivery, or fo r non-delivery, of any r e p e a t e d message beyond fifty times the sum received fo r sending the same, unless specially insured, nor in any ca3e
for delays arising from unavoidable interruption in the working of its lines, or fo r errors in cipher or obscure messages. And this Company is hereby made the agent of the sender, w ith
out lia b ility , to forw ard any message over the lines of any other Company when necessary to reach its destination.
Correctness in the transmission of messages to any point on the lines of the Company can be i n s u r e d by contract in w riting , stating agreed amount of risk, and payment of prem
ium thereon, at the follow ing rates, in addition to the usual charge fo r repeated messages, v iz .; one per cent, fo r any distance not exceeding 1,000 miles, and tw o per cent, fo r any greater
distance.
N o responsibility regarding messages attaches to this Company until the same are presented and accepted at one of its transmitting offices; and i f a message is sent to such office
by one of this Company’s messengers, he acts for that purpose as the agent of the sender. "
Messages w ill be delivered free w ithin the established free delivery lim its of the term inal office. For delivery at a greater distance a special charge w ill be made to cover the cost
of such delivery.
This Company shall not be liab le fo r damages or statutory penalties in any case where the claim is not presented in w riting w ithin sixty days afte r the message is filed w ith
th e Company for transmission.
This is an u n r e p e a t e d Message and is transmitted and delivered by request of the sender under the conditions named above. Errors can be guarded against only by repeating a
m e ssa ge back to the sending station fo r comparison.
The above terms-ana conditions shall be binding upon the receiver as w ell as the sender of this message.
N o employee of this Company is authorized to vary the foregoing.
CHARLES C. ADAM S,
S E C O N D V IC E -P R E S T .
CLARENCE-H. M ACKAY. P R E S ID E N T .
EDWARD J. N A L L Y , V IC E - P R E S T . A N D G E N E R A L
M ANAGER.
CHARLES P. BRUCH,
T H IR D v i c c - p r e s t >
POSTAL T E L E G R A P H -F A S T E S T SERVICE IN T H E WORLD
' ’ * Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Norwood,
Mass*:, J a n u a r y 7* 1914#
fhe B o s t o n C h a m b e r of Commerce,
Boston,
Mass*
G e n t l eme n:
Your c o m m u n i c a t i o n of J a n u a r y l s t ^ a d d r e s s e d to
the N o r w o o d Board of Trade:, c o n c e r n i n g the e s t a b l i s h m e n t
of a r e g i o n a l r e s erv e Bank for New E n g l a n d at Boston,
du l y
r e c e i v e d and ?was p r e s e n t e d at the r e g u l a r J a n u a r y me et i n g
held last evening,
T*he matte r was p l a c e d in the ban ds of a special
committee,
are a M e
c o n s i s t i n g of the un dersigned,
and w h e t h e r we
to at t e n d the he ar ing or not we w is h to p l a c e ou r *
s e lve s on r e c o r d in f avor of a r e s e r v e h ank of normal sise
for New E n g l a n d to be lo cated at Boston*
In the spirit of your c i r c u l a r we b e l i e v © that
such an i n s t i t u t i o n would b e t t e r serve the needs of this
vicinity,
w oul d keep in c l o s e r touch with New E n g l a n d interests,
wo u l d i ns pir e g r e at er c o n f i d e n c e in the Federal B e s e r v e s ch e m e
and m ore s ur e l y a ffo rd r eli ef wh e n a c t u a l l y nee d e d t h a n a
m u ch la rge r h a n k o u t s i d e our own boundaries*
We think this the intent and spirit of the act and
that by fehelcarrying out of its p r o v i s i o n s al ong t hi s line
the C o u n t r y will be more c e r t a i n of a suc cessful is sue in the
new Federal R e s e r v e Act*
Wost R e s p e c t f u l l y yomrs,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
W A K E F IE L D M E R C H A N TS
AND
B U S IN E S S
i/ rfd r
G e o r g e Bt^TAYLpa, p r e s id e n t
\>
G e o r g e E. Efcggfs, 1st v ic e p r e s id e nJV |
t
L o u is P . GoTrtN&^^jsrp v ic e p r e s i d e n t
J . W a r r e ^ I po l a n d ^&r c r e t a r y an d t r e a s t j JL?r
Al_ klsi
J
I
M E N ’S
A S S O C IA T IO N
E X E C U T IV E C O M lffT T E E
F r a n k S £ ,O o x jr
ASHTON^fkJEgAYER
.K K oR B iti' R e id
p
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit Sto. / ^
Hearing at
i
NATIONAL STATItTICB 81*05 TBS WAS i8«0.
T V a 4 v*noa o f f t * oouatry l a I t s p o p u la tio n and n a t o r io l la d u o tr lo a l a *H*va l a th o aoooapanying t* b lo
•poo l a l l y brought up | « i k i « f o r 8 tw J a u m n l a f C « R M n i by t>* btiraau o f fo r e ig n
and d i M i t i i « M n r w , Dopartmsnt a f C<wa»orca.
1900.
1913.
.....................
P0pnUliM ^
W a a l t t l ^ ......
0*X<t la l i m h t l o a ^ i ....... .
....*
*#•*1
• *«•«•
8tl*ar la a irttt la tIo n .
Gold oortifioato* la olrtulatloa*
M r t l f l i a l i * la i t m k l l « 8 * «*.*«§
Unltad 8tat«t nottt la alrealatlon. •• *<«i
national bank aH M In lirtn k U o K *....... (
Circulation af aanay..#*..
tetlonal b a n k s . . . . . M o
Capita I,
i
Bask sloaringo, Ha* Tork.. . .. . . « • • • « « # • * !
Tata 2| Uni tad Statas. • ♦***#*•**»*•<*
.
Individual doposita, n&tlanal baaka*....|
©apaalta In aavlnga banka**••«•*#•***«*•§
Dapositor* la M fli^ i banka........ . .....K o
Faraa and farm proparty4
4
^
Farm products, vaJU** * ..
faltia af produot^v.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . t
Imports of «o re > *n d iM ...**... ..'• • • ..• • 4
%*parta af morohaidioa....
Fara aninals » V a l o a * . . . . . . . t
froduotion of w!»at********«*«t*.*..*£i»ati
Cora.
Bttoh
Cattaa.. . . . . . . . . . . . •••••'Running balaa
7 5 ,9 9 4 ,*7 $
8 8 , i l f ,308,778
610,806,471
142,050,334
2 00 ,73 3,019
406 ,46 5,574
313 ,97 1,545
300,115,112
£ ,0 5 5 ,1 5 0 ,9 9 6
3 ,732
621 ,53 6,461
5 1 ,9 6 4 ,5 6 8 ,5 6 4
6 4 ,5 0 8 ,4 5 0 ,0 8 1
2 ,4 3 8 ,0 9 2 ,7 8 8
2 ,3 8 9 ,7 1 9 ,9 8 4
6,1 0 7 ,0 8 3
9 7 ,0 2 8 ,4 9 7
6 0 8 ,40 0,799
1,003,897,709
469,118,898
337,
215,180
7x5,754,
ate
3 ,3 6 3 ,7 3 8 ,4 4 9
7,473
1 ,056,919,792
98,121,120,297
173,753,878,000
5,953,461,551
4 ,7 2 7 ,4 0 3 ,9 5 1
(3
1,813,008,234
2 ,4 6 5 ,0 6 4 ,1 4 *
5.501.783.000
788,380,000
2.448.988.000
20,489,901,144
4 ,4 1 7 ,0 6 9 ,9 7 3
13,004 ,4 00*148
849 ,941,184
1 ,3 9 4 ,4 8 3 ,0 6 2
1,2:28,123,134
5 2 2 ,22 9,505
2 ,1 0 5 ,1 0 2 ,5 1 6
10,245,606
*890*
*2 ,9 4 7 ,7 1 4
6 5 ,0 3 7 ,0 9 1 ,0 0 0
374 ,*5 0 ,9 *3
110,311,334
130,830,889
297 ,5 5 6 ,2 3 6
334,686,977
181 ,60 4,937
1 ,4*9,251,270
3,484
642 ,07 9,461
3 7 ,6 6 0 ,6 8 6 ,5 7 2
5 6 ,8 4 5 ,2 7 9 ,5 0 5
1 ,5 2 1 ,7 4 5 ,6 6 5
1,350,023,954
4 , 2 5B,093
1 6 ,0 6 2 ,2 6 7 ,6 8 9
2 ,4 6 0 ,1 0 7 ,4 5 4
9 ,3 7 2 ,4 3 7 ,2 6 3
789 ,3 1 0 ,4 0 9
857 ,62 8,684
2 ,4 1 3 ,7 6 6 ,0 2 6
3 9 9 ,2 6 2 ,0 0 0
1 ,4 3 9 ,9 7 0 ,0 0 0
8 ,6 9 2 ,5 9 7
1880*
1870,
1880*
50 ,155 ,7 88
38 ,5 5 8 ,3 7 1
48 ,642 ,000,000
30,068,818,000
31,443,321
16,159,616,000
*5,000,0 ©
0
228,304,778
3 2 4 ,96 2,638
2 @8,648,081
6 7 5 ,2 1 8 ,7 9 4
43 5 ,4 0 7 ,2 5 2
1,812
487,285,701
27 ,804 ,819,408
7,231,143,057
*2 5 ,6 9 5 ,7 7 9
6 8 ,6 3 2 ,3 4 5
7 ,9 6 3 ,9 0 0
5 ,7 6 9 ,5 6 9
327,895,457
337,415,178
9 7 3 ,3 6 2 ,2 2 8
2,076
455 ,9 0 9 ,5 6 5
37,182,1*8,821
. . .• * • • •
(533,701,034
3 19,106,973
2 ,3 3 8 ,5 8 2
12,180,501,538
2,212,540,927
5 ,3 6 9 ,5 7 9 ,1 9 1
667 ,95 4,746
819,618,688
1 ,5 7 6 ,9 1 7 ,6 5 6
4 9 8 ,5 4 9 ,8 6 8
1 ,7 1 7 ,4 3 4 ,5 4 3
8 ,8 0 8 ,7 8 0
542 ,261,563
849 ,874,388
1 ,630,846
6 ,9 4 4 ,887,749
,988 ,030,927
4,232 ,325,442
438 ,958,408
382 ,771,768
1,524 ,880,149
235 ,884,700
1,094 888,000
4 ,382,317
,
(D ftm figures af 1913 ara largaly prolialasury M i wbjoot to roviolon.
Consus flgitraa, relating to Cant ins at&1 Unltad Statas; tha figure* for 1913
rapreoont astinatao.
® Consuo figuros.
Si Trim valuation af real and paraomsl proparky.
Oold and siIvor aannot ba statad saparataly prl or to 1878* Fro* 1882 ta 1875, inolualva, go14 and
oilvor ware not In oiroulatlon axaapt an tin Faoifla Coast, whore it la aatlaata* that tba avarago spools
oiroulatlon was abaut 128,000,000, and |h|i ostinata la sontinund far tHo thraa foHaving y a rn undar tho
hand af gold. Aftar that poriod gold «aa am i labia far oiroulatlon*
<J4) Inoliidao falua af buildings, 13,556,639,496. Thi fia lH h Caaaaa aaa tha flra t ta oolloat atatistioo
of ball4lng8 an farm*
(1^ Oold aalnaa, bain
< r
5
««a t of aarraaay valnaa ropartad; flgnraa a f produats tnaluda battara»nta
and additIona ta 117a ata»g«
149,277,804
693,870
7,980,493,063
1 , m $ tm i ,678
353 ,61 6,119
333,576,057
1,069,329,918
173,104,924
838,782,740
3 ,8 4 9 ,4 6 9
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a
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F*R. Oitjr
Population
ilev; Yorl:
j
Riek. or Y/ach.
’
tlanta
..,nicago
;St#L. or I'ao.C;r.
■Omaha or Denver
San Franci g o o
Houston or IT.0 •
25,062,000.
7,316,000.
10,995,000.
24,842,000.
8 ,2X6,OuO .
4,001,000.
.5,349,177.
5.552.930.
91,962,107*
rurccivirjiQir
’
i o 6#8g o ,o o o .
S
Li.
Cap. 6 Sur.
3
No.
Banks
168,625
133,810
289,205
427,805
275,402
696,430
717,060
314.500
007,000,000.
100,000,000.
83,000,000.
405,000,000,
95,000,000*
70,000,000.
130,000,000.
91.000.000.
1,968.
463.
450.
2,000.
726.
746.
519.
550.
3,022,837
1,781,000,000.
7,502.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
/ PRODUCTION OF IE ATH1R,TAILED,CUBRIED A1TD PINISHED
nr THE imiTED STATES IH 1909 (CEHSUS REPORT) ,
,
HUMBER OP
ESTABLISHMENTS.
Massachusetts
Maine
Haw Hampshire
Vermont
AMOUHT OP
CJHPITAL.
VALUE OP
PRODUCT.
132
41,196f508
40,002,079
17
1,728,823
1,905,372
4
2,265,328
1^581^004
not given
Rhode Island
3
194,114
267,264
Connecticut
8
776,708
1,047^343
164
45,161,481
44,803,062
755*
287,565^471
283^,071^125
All other States
T O -------- 332
---- 3'2ir,’fi74> W
I
-
- .ii.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Abstract of Condition of tlie Merchants national Bank at the close
of business, Jan. 3, 1914.
-oHESOURGSS
Loans and Discounts. . . . .
TJ. S. B o n d s ...................
Other Bonds and Securities
Banking House...................
Due from Banks other than Beserve
Checks on other Banks . . . .
Due from TJ. S. Treasurer65,600.00
Gash in Vault449,147.49
Due from Reserve Agents- 1.614.207.10
| 5,657t613«23
, ,
100 ,
000.00
1 000 000.00
1,754,194.99
174,848.38
37,440.46
LIABILITIES
Capital.
Surplus. . . .
Undivided Profits
national Bank lotei Outstanding.
Deposits
Bonds Borrowed
$ 1, ,
000 000.00
750,000.00
325,487.59
898,400.00
7,824,064.06
55.000.00
$ 10,852,951.65
Reproduced from the Unclassified/Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Hew York City
Hew
Hew
lew
4/5
York
England
Jersey
Pennsylvania -
Ml
16545'
200
751
II
50
11
28
16
29
25
18
3
Atlanta
Horth Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Florida
Alabama
-
11
8
24
10
_______16
69
IV
*
2,070,000.
*
2,970,000*
Hew Orleans
Louisiana
Mississippi
Texas
Hew Mexico "
Arizona
■
*
-
13
5
75
4
2
99'
V
22,530,000,
Pittsburgh
.
l/5 Pennsylvania District Columbia Maryland
West Virginia
Virginia
Kemtucky
Tennessee
«
Delaware
-
III
«
San Francisco
California
Hevada
Oregon
Washington
Idaho
-
84
2
14
17
5
122
3,660,000.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ h ^ n c I a s s f f le ^ ^ e d a s s if ie ^ o I d in g ^ ^ h ^ a t io n a ^ r c W v e s
VI
St. Paul
Minnesota
Wisconsin
North Dakota
South Dakota
Montana
-
41
24
7
5
___ 8_
85
VII
2,550,000.
St. Louis
Missouri
Kansas
Oklahoma
Arkansas
Nebraska
Wyoming
Colorado
Utah
-
51
18
17
7
24'
3
18
5
143
4,290,000.
VIII Chicago
Ohio
Indiana
Illinois
Michigan
Iowa
93
41
120
22
30
306
9.180.000.
Hecapitulation
1.
New York City
2.
Pittsburgh
5.400.000.
3.
Atlanta
2.070.000.
-.
±
New Orleans
22.530.000.
2.970.000.
5.
San Francisco
3,660,000*
6.
St. Paul
2.550.000.
7.
St. Louis
4.290.000.
8.
Chicago
9.180.000.
52.650.000.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
t BOOTS AND SHOES,INCLUDING OUT STOCK AND FINDINGS >
)
PRODUCED IN THE UNITED STATES IN 1909 (CENSUS REPORT)
•v
\
•S.
if*
HUMBER OF
ESTABLISH
MENTS.
860
15,508,771
13,700,431
39,439,544
4
163,447
338,154
6
131,374
142,080
10
Hew Hampshire
7,284,376
68
1 Maine
90,243,916
55
/ Massachusetts
V
v
236,342,915
746,199
Ij657j578
Vermont
( . Rhode Island
«
»
\ Connecticut
(CL
PRODUCT.
CAPITAL.
1,003
All o t r s tates
Total for
United States
For Massachusetts
For all New England
111,358,643
293,429,043
915
111,065,606
219,368,600
1,918
333,334,248
512,797,642
44 83/100$
40 59/100$
> 53 29/100$
x 50$
46 08/100$
V 57 22/100$
//
H jU
v'jjl'i
f / f
3
- ' v
'
/ t
dUc
/*
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
E s M H t Wo. ■2 /
Hearing at
,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
J'fctfional iBank
it
R O B E R T W. T A F T ,
of Wravibence, 3R 3 .
. 1
p r e s id e n t
H O R A T I O N. C A M P B E L L ,
M O S E S J. B A R B E R , c
FR A N K A.GREENE,
v ic e
p r e s i d e n t
a s h ie r
a s s t
E S T A B L IS H E D
1818
U. 5 ,
D E P O S IT A R Y
. c a s h ie r
C A P IT A L
$ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
SURPLUS
$ 7 5 0 .0 0 0 .
Jan. 7, 1914,
At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the
1
Merchants National Bank, held Monday, January 5th,
1914, the following resolution was passed:
VO : That the President and Gashier be, and
TED
hereby are, instructed to advocate Boston as a Federal
Reserve city.
Directors.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
REPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF THE SOT ENGL AID
SHOE AID LEATHER ASSOCIATION II FATOR OF A REGIONAL
RESERVE BANK II BOSTON ADOPTED UNANIMOUSLY BY THE
BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE AS80CIATI0I, JANUART 7, 19U .
n/
f
/
I 'f
"Boston. Maasaobaaetts.
January ?, 1914.
"Board of Dirsotors,
Itw England Shot and Leather Aasooiation,
Boston, Hassaebusetta.
Exhibit H a / ^
Hearincr at
,
Dear Sirs t^Tha Special Ooanittea appointed to coneider the queetion
of the eatabllshMnt of a Regional k m r v i lank in Boa ton submits
tbi following reports
•la apprsoiats tha argunent Jrhat by combining with lav York
ws would be ablo to forsi a bank of groat reaoureee which would give
our banking interests large powers of re-discounting without raoourse
to other laglonal Banka through the F a d a m l R i a i m Board, and would
allow us to n e t , without s»barrass»snt# all re-discount d a w a d a fro*
other Regional Banka* la undsretaad. however, that this la not the
intaftt of tha now law*
the plan fe to aatablish Regional Rsserve Banks
in snalltr units, relying upon tha coordinating power of tha Central
Rsssrre Board to produce tha aaae resulte aa would be brought about
by haring ona largo R t i a m Bank in Boa York cowering law England.
•We bellows that this ia sound rsaaoning. A Regional
Reeerre Bank established in law England, no sat tar what ita sisa may
be, will ba in a position to give all naadad aasistancs when nscessary.
In our opinion it is better to raly upon our own resouroee and our
own nan i n a a m e h aa our interests are not identical with those of
low York* la are largely intereated in aaaufacturing. «erohandising,
and port dewolopnent. and anything, either aontinoatal or actual,
whioh will prose to theee intereets should ba advocated. law York’
s
Interests, as atatad abore, are not identical* They ara largely
finanoial m u d coneroial, and for thia reaeoa your Cowdttee strongly
recovsiende the eatabliehaant of a Regional Reserve Bank in Boston.
RMp«c<ftiily aubvltted,
|A N S W c.R E D j
I
j
IrORM
l s i 9 i,4
k 3-^/-x
V'
C h a K U . C. Boyt,
l«ali A. Opolidf.
J. rj. ■oIlwalnT*
t
i
..
IBH
a»8
- ------ , ...JM m
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National ArfcfflVes
*/ r
~
'
SRV
$|*
v
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Exhibit J fo /<r~
S,
Hearing ^
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
.REAL
E S TA TE
EXCHANGE
AND
A
u c t io n
B
oard
.
, L.;l,
MARSHALL BUILDING
Hearing at
2 7 -3 I , DOANE STREET
BOSTON,
191 4
Hon* William G. McAdoo,
Hon# D* S’Houston,
#
Organization Board
of the Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
Qentleraen:**
¥e l>eg to represent that Boston, next to New York, the centre
of the largest tributary population within a fifty mile circle,
second in ocean commerce, probably the second centre in financial
importance, of high rank in manufacturing industries, and the chief
city of Mew Englarft, is entitled to and should have all tlie aid and
comfort for its multiple activities in times of stress that the nesr
"banking act may give, without dependence on another city which may
need all the possible resources of a regional bank to meet its own
requirements:
and, accoriingly, the undersigned urge that Boston
should be made the Hew England site of a Reserve Bank#
m
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
REAL E S TA TE EXCHANGE
AND
A
u c t io n
B
oard
.
MARSHALL BUILDING
2 7 -3 1 , DOANE STREET
B
O
S
T
O
N
,
wm W M D .
1905 •
No. manufacturing establishments in Near England
25,351
9*4 per cent of the entire United States*
Capital of same
$2,503*854,000
13*6 per cent of the entire United States#
Value of products of same
$2,670f065,000
12*9 per cent of the entire United States#
Vox&ers in same
1*212,158
18*8 per cent of the entire United States#
Horse power of same
2.715,121
14*5 per cent of the entire united States*
1911#
Loans and Discounts all "banks in New England $1,626,533,582*67
12#53 per cent of whole#
Savings Deposits in New England
27*31 per cent of whole.
$1,487,078,317
Total Bank Seeoirrces
12#41 per cent of whole*
$2,933,717,841*04
191
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
REAL E S TA TE
AND
A
u c t io n
m J J o m
rfTngWii QBi
B
EXCHANGE
oard
.
i ibe
MARSHALL BUILDING
27-31, DOANE STREET
B
O
S
T
O
N
,
191
New England is first in cotton manufactures, first in wool an
manufactures, first in shoe manufactures! first in fisheries*
Boston is first in par capita valuation, first in per capita "bank
ing power, second in imports, third in hank clearings, fourth in
foreign commerce*
If the primal service of the regional hanks is help in times
o f financial trouble, Boston and Near England are too "big to "be a
hoh on the tail of New Yoifcfs kite and starve on the crumbs that
fall from its table# And Hew York tin a class hy itself/ is too hig
to look out for others in times of stress* Its regional hank will
then have all it can do to look out for the vast interests of the
metropolis*
1
'
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
(Inc^rp.)
REAL E ST A T E EXCHANGE and Auction Board
(1889)
Offices and Auction Room, No. 4 Liberty Square, Boston
il>i»
OFFICERS A N D
Jam es
S um ner
D raper,
1 013
COM M ITTEES
F r e d e r ic
p r e s id e n t
H .
V ia u x ,
s e c r e t a r y -t r e a s u r e r
V IC E - P R E S I D E N T S
H E N R Y M . W H IT N E Y
F R A N C IS A. O S B O R N
M O S E S W IL L IA M S
F R A N C IS P E A B O D Y
J O H N M A S O N L IT T L E
J. M O R R IS M E R E D IT H
H E N R Y P A R K M A N <*-"•*'*'
W IL L IA M A. G A S T O N
J O S E P H B. R U S S E L L 4~ -"'
BOARD
J. S U M N E R D R A P E R
A M O R Y E L IO T
A B E L H. P R O C T O R
F R A N C IS R. B A N G S
E X E p l 'T I V E
The
C O M M IT T E E
L E G IS L A T IV E
ad
n
le n t
T re a s u r e r ,
e x - o f f ic iis
The
F R A N C IS R. B A N G S
JA M E S W . F R E N C H
EDW ARD W. GREW
M E M B E R S H IP
JA M E S W . F R E N C H
EDW ARD W . GREW
W IL L IA M C. C O D M A N
C H A R L E S E. W Y Z A N S K I
C O M M IT T E E
R E G IN A L D B O A R D M A N , CHAIRMAN
P R E S C O T T B IG E L O W , JR,
A R T H U R W IL L IS
W IL L IA M P. O ’ B R IE N
J O H N J. H A Y E S
/
C O M M IT T E E
P r e s id e n t a n d T re a s u re r,
e x - o f f ic iis
F R A N C IS R. B A N G S
S A M U E L M. C H IL D
R IC H A R D W . H A L E
RO BERT HOMANS
C H A R L E S E. W Y Z A N S K I
C
\
OF
C H A R L E S F R A N C IS A D A M S , 2D
A R N O L D A. R A N D
A LE X . S. PORTER
C H A R LE S S. R ACKEM ANN
A R T H U R F. E S T A B R O O K
C H A R L E S W . W H IT T IE R
D IR E C T O R S
F R A N K L IN F. R O U N D Y
S TEPH EN W . SLEEPER
A. D U D L E Y D O W D
PAUL M. H A M LE N
C O M M IT T E E
JA M E S
JO H N C . K IL E Y
H O W A R D W H IT C O M B
F R E D E R IC H. V IA U X
P R E S C O T T B IG E L O W , JR., CLERK
O N IN S U R A N C E
W . F R E N C H , CHAIRMAN
A R T H U R B. G IL M O R E
W IL L IA M C . C O D M A N
E L B R ID G E K. N E W H A L L
F R E D E R IC K H. P E R K IN S
A R B IT R A T IO N
C O M M IT T E E
S A M U E L H. H U D S O N , CHAIRMAN
HENRY W . BEAL
JA M E S W . A U S T IN
HENRY O. C U TTER
S A M U E L R, K N IG H T S
F R E D E R IC K L . M C G O W A N
A R T H U R H. T A B E R
E D W AR D SEAVER
J O H N H. M O R S E
A R T H U R W IL L IS
F R E D E R IC H . V IA U X ,
C l e r k , e x -o f f ic io
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CARD OF SERVICE
The Real Estate Exchange allies the real
estate brokers, owners, trustees, tenants, conveyancers,
builders and others interested in real estate in B oston ,
for the advancem ent and protection o f the great real
estate interests o f the com m unity. A ll the real estate
brokers o f prom inence in B oston , with few exceptions,
and m any of the prom inent landlords, trustees and
tenants, representing property interests approxim ating
o n e-h a lf o f the entire real estate valuation o f the city,
subscribe to the work o f the EX C H A NG E through
membership.
The Exchange aim s also to strengthen the
important b u sin ess o f real estate brokerage by prom ot
in g high standards o f bu sin ess dealings and by encour
aging a valuable esprit de corps and good fellow ship
through co-operative work for com mon interests. It is
one o f the oldest o f the m any sim ilar real estate bodies
in the country, is inferior to non e in influence or in the
service, direct and indirect, it giv es its m em bers, and has
alw ays been carefully and conservatively adm inistered
by directorates inclu ding prom inent representatives of
both the landlord and broker interests.
SE R V IC E S o f the EX C H A N G E to Members in
clude :
Real Estate Legislation. T he numerous b ills
annually brought before the Legislature directly or
indirectly affecting the real estate interests o f B oston ,
are carefully exam ined by the L egislative Committee of
the EX C H A N G E and the more im portant are favored
or opposed according to their merits. Special counsel
is em ployed on matters of legislation affecting real
estate titles and law s. T he detailed annual reports o f
the L egislative Committee sh ow the m ethods and the
value o f its work to real estate interests.
Synopsis of Legislation. A sy n o p sis, c la ssi
fied according to subject matter, is prepared annually for
use o f members, o f new legislative statutes o f the year,
affecting the real estate interests of B oston , thus per
m itting a rapid exam ination o f such important m&?iers
without w ading through a volum inou s blue-book. •
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
”
at
GCS
^Shibit No. / ' f
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
S U G G E S T LIST OP ORGAHIZATIOHS WHICH SH
mvmsmTE^ at the hearing oi regioi.
HBSEP.7E BAHX.
Boston Chamber of Commerce,
J. Randolph Coolidge, Jr., Pres,
Boston, Mass.
Boston Stock Exchange,
Henry Hornblower, Pres*,
Boston, Mass.
lew England Shoe & Leather A s s fn t
John S. Kent, Pres.*
Boston, Mass.
Boston Clearing House Assfn,
Thomas P. Beal, Pres.,
Boston, Mass.
Boston Credit Men's Assfn,
George C. Morton, Pres.,
Boston, Mass.
Boston Wholesale Grocers* Ass'n,
Silas Peirce, Pres.,
Boston, Mass.
Boston TYool Trade i s s ^ ,
Jeremiah Williams,
Boston, Mass.
Massachusetts State Board of Trade,
John H. Corcoran, Pres.,
Boston, Mass,
(6 Beacon St,}
Fall River Chamber of Commerce,
W. I). Wilmot, Pres.,
Fall River, Mass
Fitchburg Board of Trade & Merchants Assfn,
Clifton R. Hayes, Pres.,
Fitchburg, Mass.
Haverhill Board of Trade,
William 17. Emerson, Pres.,
Haverhill, Mass.
Holyoke Board of Trade,
Parfitt, (James) Pres.,
Holyoke, Mass.
Lawrence Chamber of Commerce,
F. K. Chandler, Pres.,
Lawrence, Mass.
Lowell Board of Trade,
George M. Harrigan, Pres.,
Lowell, Mass.
Lynn Chamber of Commerce,
C. 0, Blood, Pres.,
Lynn, Mass.
lew Bedford Chamber of Commerce,
P. C, Headley, Jr., Pres.,
lew Bedford, Mass
Springfield Board of Trade,
Joshua L. Brooks, Pres.,
Springfield, Mass
Worcester Chamber of Commerce,
Albert H. Inman, Pres.,
Worcester, Mass.
"1 •
....-
^
m
u
m
*
"
ut» i,
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
-2Bangor Chamber of Commerce,
Charles F. Bragg, Pres.,
Bangor, Maine.
Lewiston Board of Trade,
John B. Smith, Pres.,
Lewiston, Maine.
Portland Board of Trade,
Silas B. Adams, Pres.,
Portland, Maine.
Bridgeport Bo.ard of Trade,
Frank W. Roland, Pres.,
Bridgeport, Conn.
Hartford Chamber of Commerce,
William F. Henney, Pres.,
Hartford, Conn.
Hew Haven Chamber of Commerce,
I. M. Ullman, Pres.,
lew Haven, Conn.
Hew London Bxisiness Men's Assfn,
Ernest E. Rogers, Pres.,
lew London, Conn.
Manchester Chamber of Commerce,
Walter H. Underwood, Pres.*
Manchester, IT. H.
Uashua Board of Trade,
William F. Sullivan, Pres.,
Uashua, I. H.
Pawtucket Business Men's Ass'n,
Bernard T. Lennon, Pres.,
Pawtucket, R. I.
Providence Chamber of Commerce,
John P. Farnsworth, Pres.,
Providence, R. I.
Providence Business Me n 1s Ass'n,
Orrin E. Jones, Pres.,
Providence, R. I.
Woonsocket Business Men's Ass'n,
James M. McCarthy, Pres.,
Woonsocket, R. I.
Bellows Falls Board of Trade,
Dr. Edward Kirkland, Pres.,
Bellows Falls, Vt.
Burlington Commercial Club,
J. L. Southwick, Pres.,
Burlington, Vt.
Rutland Business Men’ Ass'n,
s
George E. Chalmers, Pres.,
Rutland, Vt.
St. Johnsbury Commercial Club,
John Rickaby, Pres.,
St. Johnsbury, Vt.
Vermont Bankers Ass'n,
C. P. Smith, Pres.,
Burlington, Vt.
Massachusetts Bankers A s s Tn,
Charles P. Blinn, Jr., Pres.,
Boston, Mass.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
lew Hampshire Bankers Ass'n,
Arthur M. Heard, Fres.t
Manchester, If H.
f.
Connecticut Bankers A s s ’
n*
0. H. Brothwell, Pres.,
Bridgeport, Conn.
Maine Bankers iss'n,
John R. Gould, Pres.,
Augusta, Maine.
WAG:HLH
1/1/14
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
liar
|||
18
I . .
. .
^
^ —
1 —
^
—
Hl ■ Il i i IIIII
il — l l m W I I
■— . T ■
111
. i * r ............rr ^7--
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
iOiame of S&preaimtattiira 1 . B.
fflaslyttujtfltt, 8* G
L
131 State Street, Boston, Mass.
January 8, 191^.
Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
Gentlemen:
I regret that' owing to an engagement in Washington
I shall be unable to be present at the hearing tomorrow.
I desire to state that as a former merchant who was
engaged in Boston in the wool business for over twenty-five
years, I advocate the location of a regional reserve bank in
Boston, for these reasons-:
Boston is the largest wool market in
London, and is the center of this country’
s
leather and hide trade, and stands third in
New England produces the bulk of the cotton
the world except
boot and shoe,
bank clearances*
and wool textiles.
The New England people save more proportionately than
other portions of our country, as their saving banks show.
Capital is abundant here.
Certain Few York bankers who perhaps formerly advocated
one central bank for the entire country may now advocate one
Federal reserve bank at Hew York, to provide for the emintry
as far: west aa Pittsburg, and for all New England, with a
branoh at, Boston*
I believe that this would be a mistake.
Thl recent attempt by Few York parties to control the entire
iiew i'jxigland- transportation system has: just ended more or
less disastrously for the people of New England.
Lastly, I believe as one who voted for the Currency bill
that the men who framed this bill and who rejected the plan of
one central bank, did not have in mind the creation of one
supremely strong bank at New York and seven puny bank3 elsewhere,
but intended that there should be at least eight strong regional
reserve banks throughout the country,*
I therefore believe
that there should be one regional reserve bank at Boston to
provide for New England.
Very respectfully yours,
P
1
" -1
, 1
1
1
1
, 1
...I I . 1 I ....
I
,
I 1 41 ..U. JI I I . IIUIIU......
IIU
. . . II
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
BOST ON
STATISTICS
DEPARTMENT
T H E G R O W TH OF BOSTON
IN
POPULATION, AREA, ETC.
BY
D r .
EDWARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Departm
ent
[R e p r in t e d , w it h
A d d it io n s , f r o m
B u l l e t in
of
C IT Y
P R IN T IN G
th e
OF
S t a t is t ic s
D e p a r t m e n t , V o l . X II.,
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
1911
N o s . 4 - 6 , 1 9 10.]
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
BOSTON
STATISTICS
DEPARTMENT
T H E G R O W TH OF BOSTON
IN
POPULATION, AREA, ETC.
BY
D r. EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Departm
ent
[ R e p r in t e d , w it h
A d d it io n s , p r o m
B u l l e t in
of
C IT Y
P R IN T IN G
th e
OF
St a t is t ic s
D epartm ent, V ol.
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
1911
X II., Nos. 4-6, 1910.]
---------
1
" ■
................ .
.
■
1
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
THE GROWTH OF BOSTON IN POPULATION, AREA, ETC.
BY D R . E D W A R D M. H A R T W E L L , SE C R E T A R Y OF S T A T IS T IC S D E P A R T M E N T .
Probably no American city has had its inhabitants more fre
In 1790 th e four most populous places in the U nited States
quently enum erated than Boston. I t appears th a t the population
were Philadelphia, w ith 42,444 inhabitants; New York, w ith
of Boston has been officially enum erated no less than thirty-tw o
33,131; Boston, w ith 18,320, and Charleston, S. C., w ith 16,359.
tim es in the period 1722-1910, inclusive. Four censuses of Boston
Baltim ore came nex t w ith 13,503, and then Salem, Mass., w ith
7,921.
were made by the authorities of the Town, namely, in 1722, 1742,
Boston dropped to fourth place in 1800, which it held till
1752, and 1789. Censuses by order of the Provincial authorities
were made in 1775 and 1776; and tea State Censuses have been
1870, except in 1850, when it was third. In 1870 Boston ranked
taken, viz., in 1781, 1784, 1837, 1840, and six decennial censuses in sixth among the great cities as regards population. In 1880 it
held fourth place, St. Louis having fifth place. In 1890, as in
the period 1855-1905. The decennial Federal Census has been
1900 and 1910, Boston was fifth and St. Louis fourth.
taken thirteen tim es in the period 1790-1910. Special censuses by
the City Government were made in 1825, 1835, and 1845.
The population of the whole United States increased from 3.9
The Town Census of 1742 was taken by wards, b u t the Federal millions in 1790 to 76.3 millions in 1900 — or 1856.4 per cent.
But the territory of the United States, leaving Alaska, etc., out
Census did not show the population by wards until the Third
of account, increased more than fourfold in the interval.
Census in 1810. The City Census of 1845 was under the charge
of a Joint Committee of five members, appointed by the City Coun
The United States Census classes as urban all places having a
cil. The report of the committee, published in 1846, was a
population of 8,000 or upwards. There were b u t six such places
rem arkably valuable document, owing to the fact th a t it was in the country in 1790, w ith an aggregate population of 131,396,
prepared by Mr. Lemuel Shattuck, whom the Committee had
or 3.3 per cent, of the total population in the area enum erated.
engaged to supervise the taking of the Census. Mr. Shattuck,
The aggregate urban population found within th a t area in 1900
who was a member of the Common Council for the five years Avas 14.7 millions or 41.7 per cent, of the total population w ithin
1837-1841, inclusive, had made a rem arkable record in devising the territory enum erated in 1790; while for the whole country
methods and securing measures for improving both the registra the urban population am ounted to 24.9 millions or 32.9 per
cent.
tion records of the City and the State and the printed documents
Of the total urban population of the country in 1790 one-fifth
of the City. He devised the plan for preparing and printing the
Documents of the City of Boston, which was p u t into effect in
were found in New England, i. e., in two Massachusetts towns,
1838, and secured the passage of an order for exchanging docu viz., Boston and Salem. By 1900 th e urban population of Massa
ments w ith other cities, for the purpose of building up a City
chusetts had increased to 2.1 millions in 56 towns and cities,
library. Thanks to his initiative, the office of City R egistrar was
and am ounted to more than twice the total population of New
established in 1849, and the first Municipal Register was prepared
England in 1790. The urban population of Massachusetts, which
amounted to 6.8 per cent, of its total population in 1790, in 1900
by him in 1841.
constituted 76 per cent, of the whole.
The City Census of 1845 was taken in accordance w ith new and
improved methods introduced by Mr. Shattuck, and was con
The urban population of New England, outside of Massachu
fessedly so superior to any previous Census th a t Mr. S hattuck’s setts, was nil in 1790; by 1900 it had increased to 1.2 millions
advice and assistance were sought by the U nited States Census while in Massachusetts the urban population had increased from
Board in 1849 in preparing the schedules for the Seventh Census of .018 to 2.1 millions. Of the 3.307 millions increase in all New
1850. Five of the six schedules used in the Federal Census of England 2.082 or 62.9 per cent, were gained by Massachusetts.
1850, w ith the accompanying instructions, were designed and pre
The urban population of New England grew from 2.4 per cent,
in 1790 to 59.5 per cent, in 1900.
pared principally by Mr. Shattuck. In certain im portant respects
The area of New England is substantially w hat it was in 1790,
Boston showed the State and the U nited States how to take a
and the same is tru e of Massachusetts, as the population of
census.
There is no evidence th a t the population of Boston was fully
Maine, which became a separate State in 1820, was enum erated
enum erated before 1722, although a list (incomplete) of the by itself in 1790. But Boston’s territory since 1790 has increased
inhabitants of Boston in 1695, numbering 1,361, is still extant.
from 3,019 acres of land to 24,743 acres in 1910, or 715.3 per
Various estimates of its population prior to th a t date, have been cent.
made, e. g., 4,500 for 1680, 6,700 for 1700, and 9,000 for 1710.
The population of Boston, in the area enum erated in 1790,
The first Town Census, in 1722, was taken to determine the
increased from 18,038 in th a t year to 172,473 in 1905, or over nine
ravages of smallpox. The returns showed 10,567 survivors,— fold; while the population w ithin the area included in the Boston
4,549 north and 6,018 south of Mill Creek, i. e., of the present of to-day increased from 24,300 in 1790 to 595,380 in 1905, or
Blackstone street.
twenty-four fold, and to 670,585 in 1910, or twenty-seven
The settlers of Massachusetts Bay in 1630 exceeded in number
fold.
any body of im m igrants th a t had hitherto landed in America;
The story of Boston’s growth in territory is a remarkable one.
and Boston for more than a century was the most populous town
When the Puritans, under John Winthrop, came to M assachusetts
in the American Colonies. The Town Census of Boston, taken by in June, 1630, they repaired to Charlestown, intending to make
the Assessors and Collectors in 1742, returned 16,382 “ souls,”
their principal settlem ent there. On the site of Boston Proper
which was the maximum enum erated population for the town up
or Boston w ithin the Neck, as it was called later, dwelt a lone
to 1790, when the F irst Federal Census returned a population of Englishman, who invited W inthrop and his followers to share his
18,038 within the town, and 282 on the islands in the harbor. The
peninsula of some 783 acres w ith him. For the sake of getting
Census taken by order of General Gage, in 1775, found only 6,573 b etter w ater and more room than could be had in the Charlestown
inhabitants, and the Provincial Census in 1776 returned only 2,719.
peninsula, Blackstone’s offer was accepted, and the peninsula,
In 1760 Philadelphia, w ith 18,756 inhabitants, took precedence
hitherto known as Shawmut, was promptly named Boston by the
of Boston in respect to population. In 1770 Boston yielded
Court of Assistants on September 17, 1630. Meanwhile, Roxbury
second place to New York, w ith 21,000 inhabitants against and Dorchester had been occupied by other settlers, cutting off
Boston’s 15,520. New York remained second to Philadelphia
Boston from expansion on the south.
until the Census of 1810 gave it first place, which it has since
W ithin Boston’s narrow lim its the pressure of increasing popu
retained.
lation was felt alm ost immediately, the Common lands within the
(1)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
b u t in the half century 1840-1890, when the, to tal increase
am ounted to 329,877, only 23 per cent, of it occurred in Boston
Proper.
In the decade 1890-1900, only 5.3 per cent, of the total increase
in the population of Boston occurred in Boston Proper. Indeed,
in the half decade 1890-1895 the population of th a t district
decreased 981; but for the five years, 1900-1905 the district
showed an increase of 5,216, m aking Boston P roper’s share of the
total increase 15.1 per cent, as against 5.3 per cent, in the decade
1890-1900. This transform ation of Boston Proper from a losing
to a gaining - district is rem arkable, and is probably to be
accounted for partly by the increased number of apartm ent
houses and hotels erected w ithin the d istrict in recent years.
A ttem pts to predict w hat the population of a city will be in
advance of the actual enumeration lead to decidedly puzzling
results. But estim ates of population are still p u t forth w ith
much solemnity pending the preparation of census returns.
According to dispatches from Washington, the D irector of the
Census gave out on Septem ber 1 a statem ent in which the popula
tion of Boston for April 15, 1910, was estim ated at 629,868. “ This
estim ate” it was said, “ takes into account births, deaths, im
m igration and other elements entering into the fluctuation of
population.” In fact, the estimate, which undershot the mark
by 40,717, was arrived a t by simply adding 34,488, to th e popu
lation enum erated as of May 1, 1905, viz., 595,380,— the figures
34,488 being ju st the observed increase of population between
June 1, 1900, and May 1, 1905. The estim ate paid no regard to
the fact th a t the interval between the Federal Census of 1900 and
the M assachusetts Census of 1905 was 4 years and 11 months,
and the interval between the Census of 1905 and th e Federal
Census of 1910 was 4 years 11J months. As the D irector
rem arked, “ This method of calculating increase of population is
not infallible.” The tru th is th a t the grow th of population in
th is country is and always has been so irregular th a t certainty
cannot attach to simple arithm etical estim ates of increase in
population for the Union, for any State, or any city in any
State. One result of this condition of things is th a t per capita
averages relating to deaths, births, governmental receipts and
expenditures for post-censal years have very little value.
The following tabular statem ent may serve to illustrate the
diversity of estim ates of population a t a given date according to
the basis taken. The assumption in each case is th a t the increase
in a given century, decade, or other interval of time will be iden
tical in the inter-censal period involved in the estim ate:
E stim ates of Population of Boston on April 15, 1910.
B ased
P e r io d
1800-1900
1850-1900
1875-1900
1890-1900
1900-1905
on
A ctual
I ncrease
in
Se l e c t e d
A v erag e
in c re a s e
p e r M o n th
(1200 m onths)........... ......440
(600 m o n th s )............ ..... 631
(301 m o n th s )............. .....728
(120 m o n th s)............. ..... 937
(59 m o n th s)............... ..... 585
P e r io d s .
E s tim a te d
P o p u la tio n
613,032
635,666
647,160
671,927
630,188
D iffe re n c e
fr o m
E s tim a te d
P o p u la tio n
Per Cent, of Increase of Population in B oston.
By
1820-25..............................
1825-30..............................
1830-35............................
1835-40..............................
1840-45..............................
1845-50..............................
1850-55..............................
1855-60..............................
1860-65................. , ...........
(3)
H a lf
34.6
5.3
28.0
8.1
34.5
19.7
17.3
10.8
8.1
Decades.
*1865-70............................
*1870-75................... .
1875-80............................
1880-85............................
1885-90............................
1890-95............................
1895-1900.........................
1900-05............................
1905-10.............................
30.3
36.5
6.1
7.6
14.9
10.8
12.9
6.1
12.6
* L a r g e a n n e x a tio n s w e r e m ad e in these p e rio d s .
T hat Boston is not singular by reason of the irregularity of its
grow th is shown by the following tables. A shows by decades
for the last sixty years the percentage increase of population in
New England, Massachusetts, and Boston w ithin its present
limits, and B shows the same by half decades since 1875 for
present Boston, the rest of th e State, and the Metropolitan
D istrict outside of Boston, b u t within ten miles of the State
House:
A.
Per Cent, of Increase of Population, 1850=1910.
New
E n g la n d
1850-60 ......................................
1860-70.........................................
1870-80........................................
1880-90.........................................
1890-1900......................................
1900-1910......................................
B.
— 57,553
— 34,919
— 23,425
-f- 1,342
— 40,397
A glance at the foregoing table shows th a t the estim ate based
on the increase for the decade 1890-1900 was m uch the closest,
and leads to the conclusion th a t the growth of population in th a t
decade was more uniform than during either of the longer inter
vals; and, th a t under present conditions, the increase for ten
years is preferable to the increase in five years as a basis of
estimate. So th a t on the whole it would be safer to estimate the
population on May 1, 1915, on the assumed increase of 926 per
month, which was the average increase between the censuses of
1900 and 1910, than upon the average m onthly increase of 585 in
the inter-censal period 1900-1905 or 1,263, the average increase per
m onth between the censuses of 1905 and 1910.
Assuming th a t the decennial increase of 926 per month will con
tinue, the figure for the estimated population of Boston at the
Census of 1915, w ill be 726,608. But if it be assumed th a t the
observed average m onthly increase of 1,263, for th e period 19051910 will continue, then the estim ated population for May 1, 1915,
will be 745,897.
Analysis of the actual increase in the population of Boston
shows th a t its rate of grow th has been very irregular and fluctu
ating. Since 1800 the percentage of increase has rarely been even
approxim ately the same in any two successive decades, in Boston
Proper or in present Boston, and the same is true as regards the
relative increase by half decades. The fluctuations in the per
cent, of increase by half decades in the population w ithin the
lim its of the city when the census was taken may be seen at a
glance on inspection of the following table, which shows the per
cent, of increase in population from 1820-1910, i. e., ever since
the city began to have a census every five y ears:
14.9
11.3
15.0
17.2
19.0
17.18
M a ssa
chusetts
24.3
18.4
22.4
25.6
25.4
20.0
P re s e n t
B o sto n
35.3
18.3
.24.1
23.6
25.1
19.6
Per Cent, of Increase of Population, 1875-1910.
P re s e n t
B o sto n
1875-SO..............................................
1880-85 .............................................
1885-90..............................................
1890-95................. ...........................
1895-1900..................... ....................
1900-05..............................................
1905-10..............................................
M assachusetts
(O u ts id e
B o s to n )
6.1
7.6
14.9
10.8
12.9
6.1
12.6
8.4
9.3
15.4
11.9
12.0
7.3
11.9
M e tr o p o lita n D is tr ic t
(O u ts id e
B o sto n )
8.5
11.5
19.2
15.2
14.2
8.7
12.1
The cardinal fact regarding the growth of American cities is
th a t most of the increase observed from census to census results
from the influx of immigrants, who are mostly of foreign birth.
Hence fluctuations in the tide of foreign im m igration are reflected
in th e relative grow th of the cities and the country, w hether
such fluctuations result from oppression or from economic
causes in foreign countries or from booms and panics w ithin
our own borders. Of the native born population of Boston in
1905, barely two-thirds were born in Boston, while 35 per cent,
of the total population were born outside the U nited States.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
II. Increase.
1790-1800..........................
6,617
1800-1810...........................
8,241
1810-1820...........................
8,818
1820-1830.................................... 16,558
1830-1840.................................... 27,203
The following table affords a comparison of the grow th of
population since 1875 of Boston, and the State outside of Boston,
by decades:
GROWTH OF POPULATION, i 875“i 9io.
BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS.
I.
Rostov
jjo sto n
STA TE , O U TS ID E
341,919
362,839
390,393
448,477
496,920
560,892
595,380
670,585
1875..............................
1880..............................
1885..............................
1890..............................
1895..............................
1900..............................
1605...............................
1910..............................
8,900
12,000
12,200
21,800
39,400
50 Y ears’ Increase ..
1,309,993
1,420,246
1,551,748
1,790,466
2,003,263
2,244,454
2,408,300
2,695,831
94,300
28,246
19,842
5,218
8,294
14,255
35,754
44,658
40,184
62,043
71,383
64,000
64,500
45,402
70,337
85,638
75,855
143,292
254,022
280,885
329,877
424,177
1890-1900..........................
1900-1910...........................
5,927
26,017
106,488
83,676
112,415
109,6§3
III. Per Cent, of
1790-1800...........................
36.68
1800-1810...........................
33.43
1810-1820...........................
26.81
1820-1830...........................
39.69
1830-1840..........................
46.68
St a t e
26,863
50 Y ears’ Increase...
100 Years’ In crease...
1,651,912
1,783,085
1,942,141
2,238,943
2,500,183
2,805,346
3,003,680
3,366,416
b o sto n
67,437
1840-1850...........................
1850-1860................. .
1860-1870..........................
1870-1880...................•••■
1880-1890...........................
Population.
Ce n s u s Y e a r
2,283
3,759
3,382
5,242
12,197
Increase.
36.46
43.99
27.49
33.42
58.28
36.63
36.14
26.99
37.98
49.75
11. Increase.
1875-1880.....................
1880-1885...........
1885-1890...:.............
1890-1895.....................
1895-1900.....................
1900-1905.....................
1905-1910.....................
20,920
27,554
58,084
48,443
63,972
34,488
75,205
110,253
131,502
238,718
212,797
241,191
163,846
287,531
131,173
159,056
296,802
261,240
305,163
198,334
362,736
35 Y ears’ Increase.
328,666
1,385,838
1,714,504
HI.
50 Y ears’ In crease...
1875-1880.....................
1880-1885.....................
1885-1890.....................
1890-1895.....................
1895-1900.....................
1900-1905.....................
1905-1910.....................
6.12
7.59
14.88
10.80
12.87
6.15
12.63
8.42
9.26
15.38
11.88
12.04
7.30
11.94
35 Y ears’ Increase.
96.12
105.78
GROWTH OF POPULATION IN BOSTON, 1790=1910,
BY DECADES AND DISTRICTS.
.1790..............................
1800..............................
1810..............................
1820..............................
1830..............................
1840..............................
1850..............................
1860..............................
1870..............................
1880..............................
1890..............................
1900..............................
1910....................................
Population,
B oston
P roper
Ce n s u s Y e a k
18,038
24,655
32,896
E 41,714
E 58,272
85,475
113,721
133,563
138,781
147,075
161,330
167,257
193,274
A nnexed
T e r r it o r y
1630-1874
E 6,262
E 8,545
E 12,304
E 15,686
E 20,928 *
E 33,125
E 68,879
E 113,537
E 153,721
215,764
287,147
393,635
477,311
107.94
64.84
35.39
40.36
33.08
53.96
35.32
18.37
24.05
23.60
88.75
794.38
766.86
4,485.55
278.15
1,745.60
3.67
15.55
37.08
21.22
25.06
19.56
The population of Boston increased from 390,393 on May 1, 1885,
to 670,585 on April 15, 1910, a gain of 280,192. Of th a t increase
113,599, or 40.54 per cent., was natural increase from the excess of
b irth s over deaths in the twenty-five calendar years, 1885-1909
inclusive. The remaining increase, viz., 166,593, or 59.46 per cent.,
m ust have been owing to im m igration from foreign and domestic
sources.
The following analysis of the composition of the population of
Boston by place of birth in 1885 and 1905, which were census
years, shows th a t the proportion of the population born in Boston
rose from 38.47 per cent, in 1885 to 42.50 percent, in 1905.
T he growth of population in Boston by districts and by
decades is shown in the next table.
I.
33.05
17.45
3.91
5.98
9.69
1890-1900...........................
1900-1910..........................
103.79
388.07
50 Years’ In crease...
100 Y ears'In crease...
7.94
8.92
15.28
11.67
12.21
7.07
12.07
428.98
1840-1850..........................
1850-1860...........................
1860-1870...........................
1870-1880...........................
1880-1890..........................
Per Cent, of Increase.
373.86
P resent
B oston
ELEMENTS OF POPULATION, 1885 AND 1905
By Place of Birth.
E 24,300
E 33,200
E 45,200'
E 57,400
E 79,200
E 118,600
182,600
E 247,100
292,502
362,839
448,477
560,892
670,585
P l a c e o f B ir t h
1885
1905
P e r C e n t.
In c re a s e In c r e a s e
B o s to n .....................................
Elsewhere in United S tates..
105.262
23.273
70.09
21.77
257,098
133,295
385,6.33
209,747
128,535
76.452
49.99
57.35
Total P opulation.................
Natives of B o s to n .........
Im m igrants:
D om estic.......................
F o re ig n .........................
390,393
150,177
595,380 204,987
255,439 105.262
52.51
79.09
106,921
133,295
130,194
209,747
23.273
76.452
21.77
57.35
T otal Im m igrants...........
(5)
255,439
130,194
Total, Native Born.................
Outside U nited States...........
E sig nifies e s tim a te d p o p u la tio n .
150,177
106,921
240,216
339,941
99,725
41.51
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AREA OF BOSTON IN ACRES, 1910.
E signifies e s tim a te d p o p u la tio n .
I.
II.
Boston Proper.........
Annexed Territory:
East Boston.........
Breed’s Isla n d . ..
South B oston...
R oxbu ry ...............
D orchester...........
West Roxbury. . .
B righton...............
C harlestow n .......
—
400
110
—
538
322
9
—
1
416
200
21
586
121
530
—
—
88
760
785
1,333
2,772
5,609
8,075
2,665
840
In N ew E n g la n d , M a ssa c h u se tts a n d B oston P ro p e r,
1790=1910, b y Decades.
I. P o p u la tio n .
Ce n s u s Y e a r
36
123
93
43
92
45
94
149
1,009,206
1,233,011
1,471,973
1,660,071
1,954,717
2,234,822
2,728,116
3,135,283
3,487,924
4,010,529
4,700,749
5,592,017
6,552,745
II.
M assachusetts
378,556
422,845
472,040
523,287
610,408
737,699
994,514
1,231,066
1,457,351
1,783,085
2,238,947
2,805,346
3,366,416
B o sto n
P ro p e r
18,038
24,655
32,896
E 41,714
E 58,272
85,475
113,721
133,563
138,781
147,075
161,330
167,257
193,274
1790-1800..........................
1800-1810..........................
1810-1820..........................
1820-1830..........................
1830-1840..........................
6,617
8,241
8,818
16,558
27,203
1,225,616
359,143
67,437
493,294
407,167
352,641
522,605
690,220
256,815
236,552
226,285
325,734
455,862
28,246
19,842
5,218
8,294
14,255
50 T ears’ In c re a se .......
100 Years’ In c re a se ........
2,465,927
3,691,543
1,501,248
1,860,391
75,855
143,292
1890-1900..........................
1900-1910...........................
Totals for City, 22,226 2,517 24,743 1,546 1,075 27,364
44,289
49,195
51,247
87,121
127,291
1840-1850..........................
1850-1860..........................
1860-1870..........................
1870-1880..........................
1880-1890..........................
675 25,060
400 2,304
In crease.
223,805
238,962
188,098
294,646
280,105
50 Y ears’ In c re a se .......
996
929
2,012
2,936
6,231
8,120
2,759
1,077
Totals, 11......... 21,443 1,396 22,839 1,546
783 1,121 1,904
Totals, I ...........
—
N e w E n g la n d
1790....................................
1800....................................
1810....................................
1820....................................
1830....................................
1840....................................
1850....................................
1860....................................
1870....................................
1880....................................
1890....................................
1900....................................
1910....................................
2,304
783 1,121 1,904
650
785
795
2,450
5,600
8,075
2,664
424
GROWTH OF POPULATION
T otal A r e a
to W a r d
L in e s
F la ts
Total L a n d
2A
WK
M^
o
Filled
D is t r i c t
W a te r
The following table shows the growth of population, by
decades, from 1790 to 1910, of the areas enum erated in 1790,
for New England, Massachusetts and Boston:
Land
The following tables sliow for Boston Proper and the Annexed
Territory: (1) distribution of original land, reclaimed land, flats
and w ater w ithin the ward lines in 1910; and (2) the growth of
the land area of Boston 1875-1910. The tables have been com
piled from data furnished by the Surveying Division of the Street
Laying-Out Department. No account is taken of the area of
detached islands in the harbor. It should be said th a t the areas
of original land are approxim ate, having been obtained from vari
ous maps by the use of a planimeter, as in many cases exact data
based upon surveys by triangulation cannot be had. Thus, the
area of original land in Boston Proper, viz., 783 acres, is a tra
ditional figure derived from a well-known map, made in 1795 by
Osgood Carleton. No extensive areas have been added to the
City since 1874, when West Roxbury, Brighton, and Charlestown
were annexed. The changes in area since 1875 have been owing
chiefly to the extension of the w aterfront and the rectification
of boundaries between Boston and adjacent municipalities.
The original area of Boston Proper m ust have been less than
783 acres. No extensive filling-in operations were undertaken
prior to the filling-in of the W est and N orth coves, begun respec
tively in 1803 and 1804. According to the Report of the Surveying
Departm ent for 1893 (see City Document No. 36, 1894, p. 19), the
reclaim ed land in Boston Proper on January 1, 1894, was 946
acres, viz., a t N orth Cove, 70 acres; West Cove, 8; South Cove,
186; Back Bay, 570; G reat Cove, 112.
891,268
960,728
566,399
561,070
5,927
26,017
LAND AREA OF BOSTON IN ACRES.
< ^ *0
III. P er C ent
1790-1800..........................
1800-1810..........................
1810-1820..........................
1820-1830..........................
1830-1840..........................
F il l e d L a n d
D is t r ic t
I n 1875
o
I,
II.
I n 1910
In c re a s e
E
h
Boston P r o p e r .......
Annexed Territory:
E ast Boston.........
Breed’s Island . ..
South Boston . .. .
R oxbury...............
D o rc h e s te r.........
W est Roxbury .. .
Brighton...............
C harlestow n.......
783
1,046
1,121
75
1,904
650
785
795
2,450
5,600
8,075
2,664
424
90
—
2C7
250
14
—
—
162
110
20
—
—
538
322
9
416
331
72
*5
—
1
254
760
785
1,333
2,772
5,609
8,075
2,665
840
Totals, I I .........
Totals, I ...........
21,443
783
723
1,046
1,396
1,121
673
75
22,839
1,904
Totals for City,
22,226
1,769
2,517
748
24,743
1
of In crease.
22.18
19.38
12.78
17.75
14.33
11.70
11.63
10.86
16.65
20.85
36.68
33.43
26.81
39.69
46.68
50 Y ears’ In c re a se .......
373.86
22.07
14.93
11.25
14.98
17.21
34.81
23.79
18.38
22.35
25.57
33.05
17.45
3.91
5.98
9.69
50 Y ears’ In c re a se .......
100 Y ears’ In c re a se ........
110.34
365.78
203.50
491.44
88.85
794.38
1890-1900..........................
1900-1910...........................
(4)
94.87
1840-1850..........................
1850-1860..........................
1860-1870..........................
1870-1880..........................
1880-1890..........................
* D e c re a s e .
~ 121.44
18.96
17.18
25.30
20.00
3.67
15-55
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Percentage of Total Population.
188 5
Natives of Boston...............
Im m igrants..........................
D om estic...........................
Foreign..............................
Native B orn.........................
Foreign B orn.......................
1905
38.47
61.53
27.39
34.14
65.86
34.14
42.90
57.10
21.87
35.23
64.77
35.23
In view of the augmented rate of increase in th e population of
Boston during the last five years, considerable importance
attaches to the fact th a t the per cent, of natural increase, viz.,
53.75, was 7.36 higher than in any half-decade since 1885, and was
12.23 above the average percentage of births to deaths for the
twenty-five years, 1885-1909, inclusive.
The following statem ent shows clearly th a t th e percentage of
births to deaths by half-decades has notably risen, and is still
rising.
Difference
- f 4.43
— 4.43
— 5.52
+ 1.09
— 1.09
+ 1.09
From inspection of the foregoing table it appears that, whereas
in 1885 the natives of Boston numbered 150,177, equal to 38.47
per cent, of the to tal population, in 1905 they numbered 255,439,
or 42.90 per cent, of the population. In 1885 the proportion of
natives of Boston to all native-born inhabitants was 58.41 per cent.
In 1905 it had risen to 66.24 per cent. All of which goes to show
th a t the natural increase of population was notably augm ented in
the twenty years under review.
The following table shows the number of births (living) and
deaths in Boston as returned by the Registry Department, by
years, for the period 1885-1909, together w ith the excess of births
over deaths.
P ercentage of B irths to D eaths in B oston, 1885-1909,
Inclusive.
1885-1889, inclusive....... 124.44 1900-1904, inclusive.........145*.98
1890-1894
“
....... 134.88
1905-1909
“
.........153.75
1895-1899
“
....... 146.39
25 Y eaks ,
1885-1909, inclusive....... 141.52
The next table shows, by years and half-decades, th e number
of alien immigrants landing in the U nited States in the decade
1900-1909, who gave M assachusetts as th e ir destination.
Im m igrant A liens Giving M assach usetts as D estin ation,
1900-1909.
Births and D eaths for th e Last 25 Years.
TEAR
1885..........................................
1886..........................................
1887..........................................
1888..........................................
1889..........................................
BIRTHS
11,622
12,106
12,336
12,841
13,043
DEATHS
9,622
9,625
10,077
10,200
10,259
EXCESS OF
BIRTHS
2,000
2,481
2,259
2,641
2,784
Totals, 5 y ears...............
A verages.........................
61,948
12,390
49,783
9,957
12,165
2,433
1890..........................................
1891.................................. ..
1892..........................................
1893..........................................
1894..........................................
13,395
14,491
15,234
15,80
15,585
10,180
10,573
11,243
11,713
11,531
3,215
3,918
3,991
4,088
4,054
Totals, 5 y ears...............
A verages.........................
74,506
14,901
55,240
11,048
19,266
3,853
1895..........................................
1896..........................................
1897..........................................
1898..........................................
1899..........................................
15,780
16,547
17,003
16,702
16,289
11,331
11,650
11,170
10,903
11,178
4,449
4,897
5,833
5,799
5,111
Totals, 5 y ears...............
Averages
82,321
16,464
56,232
11M 6
26,089
5,218
1900..........................................
1901.........................................
1902..........................................
1903..........................................
1904..........................................
16,468
16,010
16,053
16,042
16,284
11,671
11,306
11,002
10,654
10,757
4,797
4,704
5,051
5,388
5,527
Totals, 5 y ea rs...............
Averages..........................
80,857
• 16,171
55,390
11,078
25,467
5,093
1905..........................................
1906..........................................
1907..........................................
1908..........................................
1909..........................................
15,906
17,225
18,403
18,347
17,680
11,010
11,415
11,705
11,756
11,063
4,896
5,810
6,698
6,591
6,617
Totals, 5 y ea rs...............
A verages.........................
87,561
17,512
56,949
11,390
30,612
6,122
Averages, 25 y e a rs........
15,488
10,944
4,544
P e r C e n t,
o f a ll
Num ber Landed
Year
1900.................
1901.................
1902.................
1903.................
1904.................
39,474
41,789
50,939
65,757
58,411
8.80
8.56
7.85
7.67
7.19
Total, 5 years, 256,370 7.88
P e r C ent,
o f a ll
N um ber Landed
Year
1905.................
1906.................
1907.................
1908.................
1909.................
72,151
73,863
85,583
57,303
61,197
7.03
6.71
6.66
7.32
8.14
Total, 5 years, 350,097 7.08
Inspection of the foregoing shows th a t the im m igrants destined
to M assachusetts increased 93,727, or 36.56 per cent., in the period
1905-1909, as compared w ith the previous five years, despite the
diminished immigration in the years 1908 and 1909.
I t is noteworthy, too, th a t in the last five years 94,188, or 26.90
per cent, of the 350,097 im m igrants destined to M assachusetts,
were born in Russia, and 75,607, or 21.60 per cent, were born in
Italy, while only 38,139, or 10.89 per cent., were born in Ireland.
Especial interest attaches to the im m igrants from Italy and
Russia (including Finland and Poland), not only because they
have contributed so considerably to swell the number of the
foreign-born population of Boston since 1885, and especially since
1895, b u t more particularly because they have proved to be the
most prolific of the principal groups in the im m igrant population
of Boston.
The following statem ent indicates the rapid increase in Boston
in the number of persons born in Italy and Russia, according to
the censuses taken in the period 1885-1905:
Number of P ersons in Boston Born in Italy and in R ussia.
Census
1885......................
1890..........................
1895..........................
1900..........................
1905...........................
20 Y ears’ Increase
B o r n in I t a l y
2,378
4,718
7,890
13,738
20,324
B o rn in R u ssia
T o ta l
1,844
5,259
13,565
18,550
27,257
4,222
9,977
21,455
32,288
47,581
17,946, or
25,413, or
43,359, or
755 per cent. 1,378 per cent. 1,027 per cent.
From inspection of the foregoing it appears: (1) th a t the inhab
itants of Boston who were born in Italy increased 12,434, or
157.59 per cent., in the decade 1895-1905, against an increase of
5,512, or 231.79 per cent., in the decade 1885-1895; and (2) th at
(6)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
the number born in Eussia increased 13,692, or 100.94 per cent.,
in the last decade, against 11,721, or 635.63 per cent., in the pre
vious decade.
The next table affords a comparison of the parentage of the
children born in Boston in the years 1900 and 1908, classified by
the place of b irth of the fathers of those children.
Children Born in B oston, by Birthplace of Fathers
1900
Num ber
I.
II.
III.
1908
Per
C e n t.
Num ber
Per
C e n t.
16,351
2,804
100.00
17.00
18,347
3,177
100.00
17.32
2,711
17.00
3,052
16.63
5,515
34.00
6,229
33.95
Foreign B o r n ...............
Born in I re la n d .......
“ British Prov
inces .........
“ R u ssia .........
“ Italy ............
“ other coun
tries .........
10,142
3,439
62.00
21.00
11,314
2,511
61.67
13.69
1,816
1,350
1,322
11.00
8.24
8.24
1,631
2,553
2,685
8.89
13.92
14.63
2,215
13.52
1,934
10.54
Birthplace unknow n..
694
4.00
804
4.38
16,351
100.00
18,347
100.00
All Fathers ...........................
Born in B o s to n .................
“ elsewhere in United
States ...................
Native B o r n ...................
Total I., II., I l l .......
Inspection of the foregoing table renders it clear th a t the
children of fathers born in Italy or Russia, have notably in
creased in the period 1900-1908, while the children of fathers
born in Ireland or in the British Provinces have diminished both
absolutely and relatively.
Additional evidence of the relative increase of the rising gen
eration in Boston is found in the returns of the school census,
which enum erates annually the num ber of persons of the ageperiod five to fifteen years. The following statem ent shows the
increase in this class of the population in the school census years
by half-decades, between 1885 and 1909:
P ersons of School A ge, 5=15 Years, in Boston.
(C om piled from t h e S c h o o l C e n su s r e tu r n s.)
Year
Num ber
P e r C e n t.
In c re a s e In c re a s e
1885 ........................................
1890..........................................
1895..........................................
1900..........................................
1905............... .........................
1909 (4 years).........................
68,702
72,041
77,152
90,144
101,865
115,527
3,339
5,111
12,992
11,721
13,662
4.86
7.09
16.84
13.00
13.41
Increase 1885-1909...............
—
46,825
68.16
—
FOREIGN TRADE OF BOSTON, 1885=1910.
For Fiscal Years Ending June 30.
IN MILLIONS OF DOLLAES.
T o ta l T r a d e
Im p o r ts
E x p o r ts
115,446
134,079
152,394
184,391
188,122
199,523
1885..............................................
1890 ............................................
1895.............................................
1900..............................................
1905..............................................
1910..............................................
5 3,448
62,877
66,889
72,196
100,318
129,006
6 2,000
71,202
85,505
112,195
87,804
70,517
Percentage of B oston ’s Trade to Total of United S ta tes.
^
T o ta l T ra d e
1885.......................^ ........................... .....8.75
1890..................................................... ..... 8.14
1895......................................................
9.90
1900..................................................... ..... 8.22
1905..................................................... .....7.14
1910..................................................... ..... 5.98
Im p o r ts
9.26
7.97
9.14
8.49
8.98
8.28
E x p o r ts
8.35
8.30
10.59
8.05
5.78
4.20
Increase of Trade and of Population.
In c r e a s e o f
T o ta l T r a d e
in M illio n s P e r C e n t
o f D o lla r s In c re a s e
1885-1890............................
1890-1895............................
1895-1900............................
1900-1905.’.........................•
.
1905-1910............................
18,633
18,315
31,997
3,731
11,401
16.14
13.66
21.00
2.02
6.06
In c re a s e o f P e r C e n t.
P o p u la tio n In c r e a s e
58,084
48,443
63,972
34,488
75,205
14.88
10.80
12.87
6.15
12.63
CLEARINGS OF NATIONAL BANKS IN BOSTON.
1885=1910.
IN BILLIONS OF DOLLARS.
T o ta l
C le a rin g s
—
Boston is predom inantly a commercial and financial center.
Among the great cities of the U nited States, although it ranks
b u t ninth as to area and fifth in population, it stands second in
the aggregate value of its im ports and exports, th ird in am ount
of bank clearings, and sixth in respect to the value of its manu
factures.
The following tables afford a general comparison between the
variations in growth of population, by half-decades, in the period
1885-1910, and the variations in the am ount of foreign commerce,
the am ount of bank clearings, the value of the product of
Boston’s factories, and the number of passengers carried by the
steam railroads to and from Boston in the same period. The
tables are based upon the most recent available figures.
On inspection of the tables it is seen th a t there is a general
parallelism between the percentages of increase of population by
half-decades, and those relating to the business growth. Tne
closest parallelism, disclosed by the tables, appears to be between
the relative increase of population and of foreign commerce.
I t m ust be adm itted th a t satisfactory data cannot be had
whereby to enable one to determ ine and appraise all the factors
th a t influence the growth in the population of Boston. Still the
general statem ent seems to be w arranted th a t the fluctuations in
th a t growth reflect the variations in the business prosperity of
the City and the region of which it is the metropolis.
1885.......................
1890.......................
1895.......................
1900.......................
1905.......................
1909 (4 years)----
3,483
5,131 .
4,758
6,180
7,655
8,397
In c re a s e
P e r cen t.
In c re a s e
P e r ce n t.
In c r e a s e in
P o p u la tio n
—
1,648
*373
1,422
1,475
742
—
47.31
*7.26
29.90
23.86
9.69
—
14.88
10.80
12.87
6.15
10.11
* D e c re a s e .
The next statem ent shows th at the foreign trade and the bank
clearings of Boston have not fully recovered from the effects of
the panic of 1907, which, as lias been shown above, caused a
diminution in the influx of imm igrants destined to Massachusetts,
and presumably to Boston as well.
Total Exports and Im ports.
FISCAL YEAR ENDING! JUNE 30.
190 5
$188,122,373
190 6
205,181,724
190 7
225,305,124
Total Bank C learings.
CALENDAR YEAR.
$7,655,225,997
8,314,925,728
8,098,251,314
Average for 3 yrs., $206,203,073 Average for 3 yrs., $8,022,801,013
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
A nnual R eports of th e S ta tistics D epartm ent, 1897 to 1910 Inclusive. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 12 to 26 pp.
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Special P ublications No. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative
Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out of print.]
Special Publications No. 2. Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal P rinting
Office. 1898. 39 pp. 4to. [Out of p rin t.]
Special P ublications No. 3. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1893-97; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1899. 135 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Special Publications No. 4. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1900. 147 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Special P ublications No. 5. Receipts and Expenditures 1870-1900. Tables for th irty years. Boston : Municipal P rinting
Office. 1902. 65 pp. 4to. [Postage, six cents.]
Special P ublications No. 6. Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures 1893-97. Tables for five years. Boston : Municipal
Printing Office. 1900. 218 pp. 4to. [Postage, fifteen cents.]
Special P ublications No. 7. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1895-1899 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal P rinting Office. 1901. 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special P ublications No. 8. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1896-1900 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal P rinting Office. 1901. 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special P ublications No. 9. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1898-1902 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 159 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special Publications No. 10. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1899-1903; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal P rinting Office. 1904. 164 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 11. (Delayed.) E xtraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1898-1902. Tables for five years. Boston:
Municipal P rinting Office. 1910. 310 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw enty cents.]
Special Publications No. 12. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1900-1904; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 163 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special P ublications No. 13. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1901-1905; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 161 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special P ublications No. 14. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1902-1906, w ith Appendix including Analyses
of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special P ublications No. 15. Receipts and E xpenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1903-1907, w ith Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1908.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 16. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1904-1908, w ith Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1909.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 17. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1905-1909, w ith Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1910.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 18. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1906-1910, w ith Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups ; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1911.
162 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
•
M onthly Bulletin of the S ta tistics D epartm ent. Volume I. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1899, 4to. Comprises
ten numbers, w ith tables for twelve months.
Volume II. Boston : Municipal P rinting Office. 1900. 4to. Comprises eight numbers, w ith tables for twelve months.
Volume III. B o sto n : Municipal P rinting Office. 1901. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers, w ith tables for twelve
months.
Volume IV . Boston : Municipal P rinting Office. 1902. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume V. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 4to. Comprises ten numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume VI. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 4to. Comprises eight num bers (264 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume VII. Boston : Municipal P rinting Office. 1905. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume V III. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1906. 4to. Comprises five numbers (192 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume IX. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907. 4to. Comprises four num bers (156 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume X. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1908. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume XI. Boston: M unicipalPrintingO ffice. 1909. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), w ith tables for twelve
months.
m
Volume X II. Boston: Municipal P rinting Office. 1910. 4to. Comprises four numbers (170 pages), w ith tables for
twelve months.
Volume X III. 1911. Current: Issued quarterly, arranged by months. [Postage, three cents.]
Copies of the Publications named in the foregoing list will be mailed to any address on receipt of the price of posta&e.
A ddress:
Edw
ard
M.
H
artw ell
,
Secretary, Statistics Department, 73, City Hall, Boston, Mass.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
STATISTICS
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
REFERENDA
IN
MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON
BY
DR. E D W A R D
M. H A R T W E L L
Secretary of Statistics Departm
ent
R e p r in t e d , w it h
A d d it io n s , f r o m
B u l l e t in * o f t h e
C ITY
P R IN T IN G
OF
S t a t is t ic s
D e p a r t m e n t , V o l . X I..
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
1910
N o s. 10-12, 1909.]
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
STATISTICS
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
REFERENDA
IN
MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON
BY
DR. E D W A R D
M. H A R T W E L L
Secretary of Statistics Departm
ent
[R e p r in t e d , w it h
A d d it io n s , f r o m
B u l l e t in
of
C IT Y
P R IN T IN G
th e
OF
S t a t is t ic s
D epartm ent, V ol.
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
19 10
XI., Nos. 10-12, 1909.]
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
REFERENDA IN MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON.
BY DR. EDWARD M. HARTWELL, SECRETARY OF STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
Referenda in Massachusetts fall mostly into one of three
principal classes, viz.: (1) General referenda, on m atters relat
ing to the constitution of the State Government, or its rela
tion to the National Government; (2) Special referenda,
relating either to the charters or charter amendments of
cities, or to the acceptance of other special acts; and (3)
Recurrent referenda whereby, in accordance with the Revised
Laws, .each city and town is annually called upon to vote yes
or no upon the question of licensing the sale of intoxicants
within its borders.
In this connection it will be best to consider general refer
enda chiefly, without attem pting to discuss referenda of the
second and third classes, whose numbers run into the hun
dreds, although certain of them must needs be mentioned in
outlining the record of the voters of Boston as regards elec
toral contests and referenda respectively.
In attem pting to measure the interest of the electorate and
the significance of the votes cast upon the referenda under
review, two criteria have been adopted: (1) the percentage of
the total vote upon a given question to the total vote cast for
Governor of the State in the same year; and (2) the percentage
of the major vote upon a given question to the total vote
upon th at question. However, owing to the inadequacy of the
records, whether in print or manuscript, all members of the
series of general referenda cannot be satisfactorily tested by
either criterion. Much less is it possible to state, in respect
to referenda submitted before 1890, what proportion of the
registered or of the qualified voters actually voted for Gov
ernor or on a referendum in a given year.
I t may be noted th a t in gathering the data, here brought
together, it has been necessary to search the original records,
in the archives of Massachusetts and of Boston, many of
which have not been printed. The records regarding the
votes on the earlier referenda are so meagre and incomplete
th a t it seems best to forbear attem pting to tabulate the facts
regarding referenda submitted by the Legislature prior to
the y'ear 1780, when the Constitution of Massachusetts was
adopted and the first election of a Governor by the people
occurred.
Referendum is a borrowed word which has gained currency
in our political vocabulary only recently, but the practice of
referring constitutional questions to tbe voters of Massachu
setts by the Legislature is an old, one might almost say primitive
one. The practice is based on the doctrine th a t the consent of
the people is an indispensable factor in establishing the organic
law. The main object of this study is to set forth the nature of
the questions referred to the voters since the Province of Massa
chusetts Bay assumed “ civil government” as a State, and to
determine the character and amount of the interest shown by
them in such questions. B ut it should not be overlooked th at
the lawgivers of the Colony of New Plymouth and of the Colony
of Massachusetts Bay exemplified the doctrine of common assent,
more than a century before the outbreak of the Revolution, in
measures th a t may be properly termed referenda.
In the enactment of fundamental laws both the Pilgrims and
the Puritans were careful to secure the consent of the people.
In 1636 when the Plymouth Colony adopted its first code of laws,
it was enacted “ T hat the laws and ordinance of the Colony and
for the Government of the same be made only by the freemen of
the Corporation and no other.” In 1643 when the New England
Confederation was formed, for defense against the Indians, by
representatives of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Haven and
New Plymouth, the delegates from the latter “ referred the
Articles of Confederation to the people of their Colony and
refrained from signing until these had received the popular
assent.” (See Lobingier’s “ The People’s Law, ” p. 77.)
The first code of laws of the Massachusetts Colony, known
as “ The Body of Liberties” was enacted by the General Court
in 1641. The enactment was the last of a series of measures
initiated in 1636 by an order of the General Court, providing for
“ a draught of laws . . . . which may be the Fundamentals of
this Commonwealth.” Governor John Winthrop (History ii 66)
notes th a t the Body of Liberties “ had been composed by Mr.
Nathaniel Ward . . . . and had been revised . . . by the
Court and sent forth into every town to be further considered of,
and now again in this Court (i . e., of December 10, 1641) they
were revised, amended and presented, and so established for three
years, by th a t experience to have them fully amended and estab
lished to be perpetual.”
Inasmuch as the submission of the Body of Liberties to the
freemen of the towns appears to have been the first measure
resembling a referendum taken by the Government of the Bay
Colony, a brief statem ent of the m atters referred and the cir
cumstances attending th a t reference will not be out of place.
The right of the people to participate, through their deputies,
with the magistrates in the enactment of laws had been con
ceded after considerable dispute in the period 1631-1635. Gov
ernor Winthrop tells us th a t in May, 1635, on the demand of
the deputies, “ it was agreed th a t some men should be appointed
to frame a body of grounds of laws, in resemblance to a Magna
Charta, which being allowed by some of the Ministers and the
General Court, should be received for fundamental laws.”
Although committees to draft such laws were appointed both
in 1635 and 1636 little was accomplished by them. In March,
1637, the General Court, alleging th a t the want of written laws
had led to “ many doubts and much trouble,” ordered “ th at
the freemen of every town should assemble together in their
several towns, and collect the heads of such necessary and funda
mental laws, as may be suitable, and the heads of such laws to
deliver in writing to the Governor before the 5th day of the 4th
month, called June next.” The order further provided th at
eleven persons, with the Governor at their head, should make
“ a compendious abridgment of the same, to be presented to the
General Court for confirmation or rejection.” Apparently the
action so ordered was taken though not very promptly, as it
was not until November, 1639, th a t the General Court passed
an order, instructing a joint committee of Magistrates and
Deputies to “ peruse all those models which have been or shall
be further presented concerning a form of government and laws
to be established.” Having drawn the models up into one body,
the committee were charged to “ take order th a t the same shall
be copied and sent out to the several towns, th a t the elders of
the churches and freemen may consider of them against the
next General Court.” Evidently the elders and freemen took
their time in the m atter, as the General Court passed a vote,
May 13, 1640, concerning the “ Breviate of Laws,” urging the
elders and freemen to whom they had been sent “ th a t they will
endeavor to ripen their thoughts and counsels about the same
(1)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
by the general court in the next 8th m onth.” Finally it was
voted by the Court on December 10, 1641, th at “ the bodye of
laws formerly sent forth among the Freemen was voted to stand
in force.”
I t might be argued th at the order of March 12, 1637, resem
bles both an initiative and a referendum. Perhaps it is as well
to consider it an embryonic or inchoate referendum, from which
developed the order of November 5, 1639, and to call the latter
the first Massachusetts referendum. In the Body of Liberties
one finds reflected certain distinctively popular views and ten
dencies th at ultimately found clear and well nigh complete
expression in the State Constitution of 1780. Of th a t Consti
tution the Body of Liberties, even more than the Charter of
1629, was a prophetic type. The Body of Liberties was more
than a code of statutes; it partook of the nature of a bill of
rights and a frame of government, as well.
The second paragraph of “ The Body of Liberties” reads
as follows: “ We hould it therefore our dutie and safetie
whilst we are about the further establishing of this Govern
ment to collect and express all such freedomes as for the
present we forsee may concerne us, and our posteritie after
us. And to ratifie them, with our sollemne consent. ”
Of the ninety-eight sections into which “ The Body of Lib
erties ” is divided twenty-one are included under the title:
“Liberties more peculiarly concerning the freemen.” Among
the most significant of them are the following:
referendum was recognized in the ratification by the freemen
of the fundamental laws of both colonies.
N ot only was the principle of common assent recognized and
embodied in the fundamental laws, but those laws provided in
the town meeting a well devised instrum ent whereby the
freemen were enabled to give effect to their deliberations and
votes — both as regarded their local affairs and the “ occa
sions of the C ountry.”
There were several instances within the colonial period of
what may be termed primitive or incipient referenda in contra
distinction to the series of definitively constitutional referenda
th a t began in 1776. In this connection the following cases may
suffice although it is quite possible th a t an exhaustive scrutiny
of certain manuscript sources in the Massachusetts Archives
would disclose still other cases in which the General Court
called upon the freemen of the towns to intimate their assent
or dissent touching certain questions. I t may be added th a t
the General Court sometimes referred questions to the clergy
and the freemen. Thus on May 29, 1644, it was ordered by the
General Court “ T hat it shall be lawful for the deputies of this
Court to advise with their elders and freemen, and take into
serious consideration whether God do not expect th at all the
inhabitants of the plantation allow to the magistrates, and all
other th a t are called to country service a proportionable allow
ance and th a t they send in their determinations and conclusions
to the next General C ourt.”
W hat opinions the elders (the ministers) and the freemen
expressed regarding the question of compensating the members
of the General Court does not appear in the records of th at
body. From 1644 till the charter was revoked in 1684, there
was much variance between the Magistrates and the Deputies
touching their respective privileges and powers, and the opinion
and advice of the clergy as well as of the freemen were formally
asked for by the General Court more than once. In 1685,
curiously enough, two contradictory reports were made to the
General Court as to the opinion and advice of the Elders on the
expediency of resisting if a forcible attem pt should be made by
the agents of the King to secure possession of the revoked charter
for cancellation. On another occasion the Elders pointedly
informed the Deputies th at the government was “ aristocratical ”
as well as “ democratical” in its nature. The Magistrates and
Elders — like many of their successors — had a rooted horror
of a pure democracy.
In 1644, when the Massachusetts Magistrates and Deputies
were at odds as to the rights and powers of the latter in legis
lative matters, the General Court, on November 13, passed an
order which provided: (1) th a t for a year neither Magistrates
nor Deputies should “ exercise a negative v o te” upon the votes
of the other, “ if the freemen shall accept thereof” ; and (2)
th at a trial shall be made for one year “ by choice of twenty
deputies of the several shires to equal the number of magistrates
chosen upon,the day of election, the choice of them to be thus
divided: Suffolk shall choose six; Middlesex six; and Essex and
Norfolk being joined in one shall choose eight.” In pursuance
of this plan it was “ further declared th at every town shall forth
with, namely by the last of the next month, send in under the
hands of their late deputies their vote assenting or dissenting
to the proposition.”
The records are silent as to the results of this referendum;
but John Winthrop in his History of New England (vol. ii,
page 24) says “ the greater number of towns refused it. So it
was left for the time. ” But the Magistrates brought forward
substantially the same plan in 1645, when they asked the Dep
uties to concur in an order to refer to the freemen the question
whether sixteen deputies, i. e., four for each county, with an
equal number of Assistants, together with the Governor and
Deputy Governor, should constitute the General Court. The
proposed referendum failed to be authorized because the Dep
uties refused their concurrence. Their reply reads as follows:
“ The deputies being in this particular well acquainted with the
mind of their towns cannot consent to this way of lessening the
deputies. ”
“ 66. The Freemen of every Towneship shall have power
to make such by laws and constitutions as may concerne the
welfare of their Towne, provided they be not of a Criminall,
b ut onely of a prudential nature, etc.
“ 67. I t is the constant libertie of the freemen of this
plantation to choose yearly at the Court of Election out of the
freemen all the General officers of this Jurisdiction.”
“ 68. I t is the libertie of the freemen to choose such depu
ties for the General Court out of themselves, either in their
owne Townes or elsewhere as they may judge fitest, ” etc.
“ 74. The freemen of Every Towne or Towneship, shall
have full power to choose yearly or for lesse time out of them
selves a convenient number of fitt men to order the planting
or prudentiall occasions of th a t Town, according to instruc
tions given them in writing, Provided nothing be done by
them contrary to the publique laws and orders of the Countrie, provided also the number of such select persons be not
above nine.”
I t is to be noted th a t under Section 74 “ of the Body of Lib
erties ” the powers of the Selectmen were conditioned on
“ instructions given them in writing ” by the freemen. Later
it became customary for the freemen in Town meeting to
adopt written instructions to their representatives in the Gen
eral Court also. Thus, from the Boston Town Records, it
appears that, on March 14, 1652-53, “ at a general Towne
meeting” it was ordered: “ T hat the Commissioners for the
Town and the Seleckt men are desired to draw up instrucktions for the deputies against the Generali Corte they or any
five of them ar to doe i t.”
Then this follows: “ Ensign Josh. Scotto, Ensign Robt. Scott,
Mr. Belcher, Edward Flechar and Sargt. Nathll. Williams ar
desired to draw up Instrucktions for the Townesmen (select
men) to ackt by, to be in adition to what instrucktions they
alredy have.”
T hat the “ townes m en” of the Plymouth Colony, enjoyed
rights similar to those secured to the freemen of the Bay
Colony is indicated by the following, which was enacted by
the General Court at Plymouth on September 1, 1640: “ Tha,t
the Constables of every Towne within the Government shall
warne the townes men whereof they are to come together as
they doe for other townes businesse when the Committes
(deputies) shall think it fitt, as well to acquaint them with
what is propounded (proposed) or enacted at the Court as to
receive instructions for any other business they would have
done.”
Giving the voters the right to instruct their representatives
in the General Court amounted practically to giving them the
initiative. As has already been shown, the principle of the
(2)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
The General Court on November 11, 1647, passed an act to
limit the number of deputies to one from each town, b ut suspen
ded the act, and later, on the same day, confessing its uncer
tainty whether the towns preferred to send one or two deputies
and “ being desirous to know the mind of the country herein,”
the Court ordered “ th a t a copy of this order shall be sent to
the constable of every town who shall call the freemen together
and acquaint them herewith th a t so they may declare their
minds herein,” etc.
The result of this referendum is indicated by the following
entry under March, 1647-48 in the records of the General Court:
“ The most of the freemen desiring their former liberty of send
ing one or two deputies to the General Court, the former wonted
liberty is continued and the former act is repealed.”
The rising of the people against Sir Edmund Andros (who
had served as Royal Governor since M ay 20, 1686) occurred
on April 18 and 19, 1689. On the twentieth of April fifteen
men (including six M agistrates who had been chosen by the
General Court of Elections on M ay 12, 1686) repaired to the
Town House in Boston and assumed direction of affairs, under
the style of “ The Council for the Safety of the People and
Conservation of the Peace.” Simon Bradstreet, whose elec
tion as Governor in 1686 had been nullified by the arrival of
Andros, was chosen President of this council. The council
immediately joined to itself, by invitation, twenty-two other
prominent men, and as the de facto government held almost
daily sessions. The records of the Council of Safety, under
date of May 1st, contain the following: “ There being some
agitation in Council of the Necessity of Settling some form
of Government, and several Gentlemen appearing out of the
Country, moving the same thing, debate was deferred till the
morrow.”
On M ay 2d, there being 31 members present, the Council
of Safety, “ agreed unto a paper . . . signifying the expe
dience of the several Towns . . .
to meet and choose one
or more able, discreet persons . . .
to convene a t Boston
upon the ninth instant, . . . fully impowered . . .
to consult, advise, join and give their Assistance to the Council
now Sitting.” This “ signification” provided th a t Boston might
send four representatives but no other town should send more
than two.
On May 9th, the Council of Safety, to the number of 27, and
66 representatives from 44 towns met together. The next
day the Representatives addressed a “ Declaration to the Council
on behalf of the Towns for which they appeared: T hat for
the ensuing part of this year, The Governor, Deputy Governor
and Assistants chosen and sworn in May 1686 according to
our Charter Rights, and the deputies then sent by the Freemen
of the several Towns to be (are) the Government now settled
in our above said Colony.”
The extant records regarding the returns from the Towns
in reply to the signification of M ay 2, although incomplete,
afford evidence th a t many of the Towns expressed a desire to
have the Old Charter “ reassumed.” But it appears probable,
from the records, th a t the Declaration of the Representatives
on M ay 10, was substantially unanimous.
The Council in reply to the Declaration said: “ We think
it necessary the people of the said several Towns and Villages
do more fully and expressly signify their Mind in th a t M atter
and th a t the other Towns and places . . .
be notified to
Convene their respective Inhabitants to manifest their minds
relating to the same . . . and choose so many as they shall
think convenient to join with them for the Common Safety
and Conservation of the Peace and the Exercise of such farther
Acts of Authority as shall be necessary.”
The Representatives assented, and declared th a t “they con
tinued the 'present Council in the same Station until M ay 22d,”
— the date agreed upon for the convention proposed by the
Council, i. e., the Convention of Council and Representatives.
On M ay 22, twenty-six members of the Council and 74 Rep
resentatives from 54 towns assembled in Boston. The returns
of 52 towns and villages, on the referendum of M ay 10, are
still preserved. Of th a t number 43 towns appear to have pro
nounced in favor of the reassumption of the charter, and 9 for
continuing the Council of Safety. At any rate, the Representa
tives again urged the Council to act in the way suggested in
the Declaration of May 10; and on M ay 24, twelve of “ the
Old M agistrates” consented “ for the Satisfaction of the people
to accept the care and Government of the people of this Colony
according to the rules of the Charter . . . until by direc
tion from England there be an Orderly Settlement of Govern
ment,” with the promise th at additional Assistants should be
chosen and th at the Representatives of the Towns should again
convene with them. B ut the Old M agistrates were careful
to add th a t they did “ not intend an Assumption of Charter
Government and would not be so understood.”
On M ay 25, the Council of Safety, from which the 22 members
by invitation had been dropped, organized by the choice of
Simon Bradstreet as President and Isaac Addington as Clerk.
Thereupon the Towns appear to have held new elections, at
which five additional assistants were chosen; and on June 5,
representatives to the number of 55 from 41 towns assembled
in Boston, chose a Speaker, and adjourned till the next day.
On June 6, the Representatives addressed a “ D eclaration” to
“ S. Bradstreet, Governor, Thomas Danforth, D eputy Governor,
and the Assistants now sitting,” saying:
“ We do now humbly pray . . . you would be pleased
by virtue of the Authority devolved on you by us as Represen
tatives of the several Towns in this Colony to accept Govern
ment according to Charter Rules by the name of Governor and
Council for Massachusetts Colony, and exercise such authority,
in the said Colony as was formally (sic.) and by the Laws made
by our Charter Government . . . until farther order from
England, and th a t the Major General and five Assistants lately
chosen take their respective Oaths; and pray there may be no
Delay in this M atter. We cannot proceed in anything till
this foundation be settled.”
On June 7, the Governor and Council voted to accept the
foregoing declaration, and took the oaths of office. On June
22, they declared th at all laws th a t were in force on M ay 12,
1686, should continue in force until farther settlement. The
Council of Safety and the Convention of Representatives con
tinued to meet from time to time. The Representatives on
January 24, 1689, voted “ T hat this Convention be henceforth
termed a General Court and be accounted such in all Respects.”
The provisional government consisting of the Governor and
Council and the General Court continued to rule the Colony
until Sir William Phips became Governor on May 14, 1692, under
the Province Charter, granted by William and Mary, October
7, 1691.
Under the charter granted in 1691 by William and M ary
to Their Majesties’ Province of Massachusetts Bay (which
included the future D istrict of Maine in addition to the original
colonies of Plymouth and the Bay) the freeholders continued
to exercise' the liberties of the colonial freemen under some
restrictions th a t need not detain us.
In the period 1765-1780 the “ Freeholders and other Inhabi
tan ts” in their town meetings, by their choice of Representa
tives to the General Court and to county and state conventions,
by their election of Committees of Correspondence and Safety;
by their instructions to their Selectmen and Representatives,
and by their votes on referenda exercised a large and decisive
influence in the controversy between the Colony and the Crown,
and finally in 1780 secured the adoption of the Massachusetts
Constitution of 1780, which was the first State Constitution
in America th a t was framed by a convention chosen by the
people, and ratified by the people themselves after full and
free discussion.
“ The American Revolution broke out,” says de Tocqueville,
“ and the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people came out
of the townships and took possession of the State. Every class
was enlisted in its cause; battles were fought and victories
obtained for it; it became the law of laws.”
The period 1765-1775, i. e., from the passage of the Stamp
Act till the adoption of a provisional form of government after
(3 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
the Evacuation of Boston, affords numerous instances in which
Massachusetts towns exemplified the principles of the initiative;—
definitive referenda do not emerge until 1776, when all of the
towns were asked by the House of Representatives to make
known their sentiments on the question of independency. In
this period Instructions by the Towns, particularly the Town
of Boston, played a large part in the controversy with the King
and Parliament and the Royal Governors, and in the develop
ment of the American doctrine of popular rights. Indeed a fair
sized treatise on the N ature of Government and the Rights of
the Subject might be compiled from the Instructions to their
Representatives by the Town of Boston. A few instances must
suffice; but in passing, it may be remarked th a t many of the
replies and memorials to the Governor by the House of Repre
sentatives which largely make up “ Bradford’s State Papers of
M assachusetts” are but restatements of utterances by Com
mittees on Instructions or Committees of Correspondence chosen
by the Town Meeting of Boston.
September 18, 1765, the Instructions for the Representatives
of the Town after expressing “ the greatest Dissatisfaction”
with the Stamp Act add: “ And we think it incumbent upon
you by no Means to Join in any publick Measures for Counte
nancing and assisting in the Execution of the same: B ut to
use your best endeavors in the General Assembly, to have the
inherent unalienable Rights of the People of this Province
asserted and vindicated.” The instructions were passed unani
mously, but the size of the vote was not stated; however, at
the election of Representatives, M ay 14, 1765 there were 641
votes cast.
In the record of a Town Meeting held December 1, 1766, the
following occurs:
“ T hat the Sense of the Inhabitants may be taken respecting
a Bill now pending in the House of Representatives, entitled
m atter and phraseology reads somewhat like a forecast of the
Declaration of Independence in 1776. The Statement of Rights,
by Sam. Adams, begins as follows: “ Among the natural Rights
of the Colonists are these, first, a Right to Life; secondly, to
Liberty; thirdly, to Property; together with the Right to support
and defend them in the best manner they can. These are evident
branches of, rather than deductions from the D uty of Self Pre
servation, commonly called the first Law of N ature.............
When Men enter Society, it is by voluntary consent; and they
have a right to demand and insist upon the performance of such
conditions, and limitations as form an equitable original compact."
The List of Infringements numbers twelve in all. One will
suffice here. “ 1st. The British Parliament have assumed the
power of legislating for the Colonies in all cases whatsoever,
without obtaining the consent of the Inhabitants, which is ever
essentially necessary to the right establishment of such a legis
lative.”
While suffering from the effects of the Boston Port Bill, the
People of Boston were greatly stirred by the report th at Par
liament had passed still other “ intolerable Acts.” At a Town
Meeting held on July 26, 1774, Boston “ accepted Paragraph by
Paragraph” a Letter to the other Towns relative to “ Two Acts
of Parliament, altering the Course of Justice and annihilating
our free Constitution of Government.” The second of the acts
alluded to was “ Chapter 45, Acts of 14, George I I I .” (1774)
which provided th a t no Town meeting except for an election
should be held in the Province without the written permission
of the Royal Governor, who was also given power to prescribe
what m atters should be considered in such meetings.
On September 1, 1774, General Gage, the last Royal Governor,
issued writs for an election of Representatives to the General
Court to be convened on October 5 a t Salem. On September
25, an election was held for four Representatives from Boston,
at which 362 votes were cast. A t the same meeting three persons
were appointed and impowered by the Town,—“ in Addition to
our four Representatives to join with the Members who may
be sent from the Neighboring Towns in the Province, at a Time
to be agreed on, in a General Provincial Congress.”
The Representatives from Boston were instructed to “ adhere
firmly to the Charter . . . . and to do no Act which can
possibly be construed into an Acknowledgment of the Act of
the British Parliament, for altering the Government of Massa
chusetts Bay . . . . And, as we have reason to believe th a t
a conscientious Discharge of your D uty will produce your
Dissolution as an House of Representatives. We do hereby
impower and instruct you to join with the Members, who may
be sent from this and the Neighboring Towns in the Province,
and to meet with them on a time to be agreed on, in a General
Provincial Congress, to act upon such M atters, as may come
before you, in such a manner, as shall appear to you most con
ducive to the true Interest of this Town and Province, and most
likely to preserve the Liberties of all America.”
On September 28, General Gage issued a proclamation “ dis
charging the members from attending” and declared he would
not meet the General Court on October 5. The time had come
for testing the faith of the People of Massachusetts in the doc
trine of common assent, inasmuch as the action of Gage was
tantam ount to a dissolution of the House of Representatives.
During the interregnum 1774-1780, the Government of Mas
sachusetts was provisional and somewhat anomalous not to
say revolutionary in character; naturally enough, appeals
from the lawgivers to the people to signify their wishes and
opinions were unusually frequent and direct.
Some ninety Representatives assembled at Salem on October
5, 1774. On October 7, they resolved themselves into a Pro
vincial Congress (the First) which dissolved on December 10,
1774, after assuming direction of affairs and calling on the
Towns “ to elect as many members as to them shall seem nec
essary and expedient to represent them in a Provincial Con
gress February 1, 1775.” This Second Congress in which 196
towns (177 in Massachusetts and 19 in Maine) were represented,
by 229 members, was dissolved on M ay 29, 1775, a t W ater -
‘A n Act for granting compensation, to the Sufferers and of free
and full pardon, Indemnity and oblivion to the Offenders, in the
late Times,’ was read, and the Bill laid before the Town for its
consideration; and the Town apprehending said Bill to be
agreeable to his M ajesty’s gracious Recommendation — Voted,
th a t the Representatives be and hereby are Instructed to use
their Endeavors to the passing of said Bill into a law.” The
number voting is not stated, but a t the Election of Represen
tatives, held on May 6 of the same year, 746 votes were cast.
The purpose of the Bill was to compensate, out of the Province
Treasury, Lieutenant Governor Hutchinson, Judge Oliver and
others, who had incurred large losses at the hands of the mob
during the Stamp Act Riots in Boston, in August, 1765. The
Bill was framed by the House of Representatives early in Novem
ber, 1766, and ordered “ to be published for the consideration of
the Towns.” On November 13 the House asked Governor
Bernard to grant a recess in order th at the members of the House
might consult their constituents. Accordingly a recess was
.granted by the Governor from November 13 till December 3,
1766. On December 5 the Bill was passed to be engrossed:
yeas, 53; nays, 35. Of the four Boston Representatives three
voted yea, the fourth being Speaker of the House.
In 1772 Governor Hutchinson’s refusal to comply with a peti
tion of Boston to allow the General Assembly to meet impelled
the Town on November 2, to vote unanimously, on the motion
of Mr. Samuel Adams “ T hat a Committee of Correspondence
be appointed to state the Rights of the Colonists and of this
Province in Particular as Men, as Christians, and as Subjects;
to communicate and publish the same to the several Towns in
this Province and to the World as the sense of this Town, with
the Infringements and Violations thereof th at have been made.
Also requesting of each Town a free communication of their
Sentiments on this Subject.” The Committee’s report, a
lengthy one, was duly considered by the Town, and unanimously
adopted, on November 20, 1772. Although the number voting
is not given, the records show th a t 723 votes were cast on May 6,
1772, at the election of Representatives.
In its statem ent of Rights and List of Infringements and
Violations of those rights, this declaration both in its subject
(
4)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C.
town, where the Third Provincial Congress, elected at the call
of the Second Congress, convened on May 31,1775.
As soon as the meaning of the Regulating Act became clear,
viz., Chapter 45, 14 George III., which forbade the holding of
Town meetings without th$ written permission of the Governor,
the question of establishing a new form of government began to
be agitated. Thus, one of Samuel Adams’s correspondents, in
a letter dated July 29, 1774, declared “ I t would be best to form
a New Charter for ourselves,” and on September 12, Dr. Joseph
Warren wrote to Adams, “ Many among us and almost all in the
Western Countys are for taking up the old Form of Government
according to the first C harter.” On December 10, 1774, the
day it dissolved, the First Provincial Congress tabled a report
“ relative to assuming Civil Government.”
In the Second Provincial Congress it was moved on M ay 12,
1775: “ T hat the sense of the Congress be taken . . . . whether
there is now existing in this Colony a necessity of taking up
and exercising the powers of civil government in all its parts.”
Four days later the Congress voted to send a committee to
Philadelphia to present “ an application to the Continental
Congress for obtaining their recommendation for this Colony to
take up and exercise Civil Government.”
On June 9, 1775, the Continental Congress passed a Resolve
advising the Provincial Congress to consider the Governor and
Lieutenant Governor “ as absent and their offices vacant,” and
recommended the Provincial Congress “ to write letters to the
inhabitants of the several places which are entitled to repre
sentation in the assembly, requesting them to choose such
representatives, and th a t the Assembly when chosen to elect
Councillors; and th a t such assembly, or council, exercise the
powers of government until a governor of his majesty’s appoint
ment will consent to govern the Colony according to its charter.”
Accordingly the Third Provincial Congress voted June 20,
1775, to send a letter to the Towns calling upon them to choose
Representatives for “ a general court or assembly” to convene
a t Watertown, on July 19, 1775. The Towns did so, and the
First House of Representatives of the State of Massachusetts
Bay in New England met on th a t date. Two days later it
chose 28 Councillors, from among its 203 members who repre
sented 189 out of 268 towns. The Councillors, usually termed
"T h e Honorable Board,” exercised a mixture of executive,
judicial and legislative functions, until the Constitution of
1780, which provided for a Governor, Lieutenant Governor,
Council, Senate and House of Representatives, took effect in
September, 1780.
The following summary statem ent may serve to show the
number and indicate the nature of the questions referred to
the voters of Massachusetts in 131 years.
Y ear.
1 7 7 8 ...........................................................................
1 7 8 0 ...........................................................................
op
R eferenda
A.
in
M assachusetts,
D.
A ccepted.
1 8 2 1 ...........................................................................
1 8 3 1 ...........................................................................
1 8 3 3 ...........................................................................
1 8 3 6 ...........................................................................
1 8 4 0 ...........................................................................
1 8 5 3 ...........................................................................
1 8 5 5 ...........................................................................
1 8 5 7 ...........................................................................
1 8 5 9 ...........................................................................
1 8 6 0 ...........................................................................
1 8 6 3 ...........................................................................
1 8 7 7 ...........................................................................
1 8 8 1 ...........................................................................
1 8 8 5 ...........................................................................
1 8 8 9 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 0 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 1 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 2 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 3 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 4 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 6 ...........................................................................
1 9 0 7 ........................................................
1776.
...
1778.
,..
1895 . . . .
D o yo u fa v o r a D e c la ra tio n of In d e
pendence? .............................................
D o yo u fa v o r a C o n fe d eratio n of
th e Colonies?.......................................
Should M u n ic ip a l Suffrage be
granted to W o m e n ? .........................
T o ta ls ............................................
B.
1
1
—
2
Accepted.
T o ta l
1
-
_
1
1
_
6
2
8
1
5
T o ta l.
_
1
2
2
1
1
1
_
—
_
2
-
14
1
1
1
1
8
6
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
16
53
46
20
66
—
—
—
—
8
6
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
I t is highly significant th at the House, which was about to
dissolve, did not undertake to express its “ sentiments as a
court,” but instead asked the Towns to give instructions to
the Second House of Representatives.
No complete official statement of the returns of the Towns
can be found. I t is possible to name but 38 towns th at voted
on the question, between May 20 and July 25. Barnstable,
whose town meeting was held on July 25, was the only one of
the 38 -towns th at voted against the proposed Declaration. In
most of the towns, the vote for the Declaration appears to
have been unanimous.
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
_
9
1
1
1
1
R ejected .
I wish sincerely you would originate instructions, expressed with
decency and firmness your own style — and give your sentiments
as a Court in favor of independency. I am certain it would turn
many doubtful minds, and produce a reversal of the contrary
instructions adopted by some assemblies.”
1
1
1
2
Accepted.
will, short of a determination of America to hold her rank in creation
and give law to herself. I doubt not this will soon take place.
3
R ejected .
2
“ You are desirous of knowing what capital measures are
proposed in Congress. I refer you to what is done concerning
privateering. This will not satisfy you and I hope nothing
Proposals to Hold Constitutional Conventions.
Y ear.
1
It is noteworthy th at the Council on May 10, the last day of
the session, voted not to concur. But the House adhered to
its Resolve which was accordingly printed for the benefit of
the several towns in the newspapers.
The circumstances th at led to the Resolve of May 10, are of
especial interest. Elbridge Gerry, then attending the Con
tinental Congress as a Delegate from Massachusetts, wrote
from Philadelphia , on March 26, 1776, to James Warren, Speaker
of the first House of Representatives as follows:
1
1
1
1
Resolved: That it be and hereby is recommended to each Town
in this Colony who shall send a member or members to the
next General Assembly fully to possess him or them with their
Sentiments relative to a Declaration of Independence of the
United Colonies of Great Britain to be made by Congress
and to instruct them what Conduct they would have them
observe with regard to the next General Assemblys Instructing
the Delegates of this Colony on th at Subject.
T o ta l.
1
1
1
In 1776, the First House of Representatives of the State of
Massachusetts Bay submitted what may be termed the first
referendum, to the Towns of the whole State. I t is found in
the following Resolve passed May 9, 1776, by the House of
Representatives:
1
_
T o ta l.
37
G ra n d T o ta ls .................................
1776-1907.
Rejected .
R ejected .
Constitutional Amendments Submitted.
Y ear.
Special Questions.
Y ear,
Accepted.
1
I
Su m m a r y
Constitutions Submitted.
(5)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
On June 13, Joseph Hawley, a Member of the Council, wrote
to Gerry: “ You cannot declare Independence too soon, when
the present House here called last week for the instructions
of the several towns touching Independency, agreeable to the
recommendations of the last House, it appeared th a t about
two-thirds of the towns in the Colony had met and all instructed
in the affirmative, and generally returned to be unanimous. As
to the other towns, the accounts of their Members were, either
th a t they were about to meet or th a t they had not received the
notice, as it was given only in the newspapers. Whereupon, the
House immediately [i.e., on June 7] ordered the unnotified towns
to be notified by hand-bills, and in a short time undoubtedly we
shall have returns from all; and it is almost certain th at the
returns will be universally to support the Congress, with their
lives and fortunes, in case of a Declaration of Independence.”
The incompleteness of the returns on this first referendum
is typical of the returns on most of the referenda of this period.
Hawley’s statem ent th at “ about two-thirds of the towns had
met “ affords corroborative evidence of the writer’s own con
clusion th a t it rarely happened th a t more than two-thirds of
the towns took the trouble to vote on the questions referred to
them in the period of 1776-1780.
I t was a well established doctrine of the time th a t members
of the Legislature were responsible to those who chose them
and were subject to instructions in their representative capac
ity. The instructions of the towns as set forth in the returns
from 32 towns which are preserved in the State Archives teem
with orotund and vigorous expressions of the political philos
ophy of th a t day. Some of them take the form of a disqui
sition on government. For instance, the instructions to its
• representatives adopted by the town of W rentham on June 5,
1776, are of such a character as to lead a descendant of one of
the Town Fathers of Wrentham, to publish them last * May in
the New York Evening Post with the fanciful claim th a t they
constitute a “ Declaration of Independence th at . . . . ante
dates the immortal document of July, 1776.”
At a Town Meeting in Boston, held on M ay 23, 1776, an elec
tion of Representatives to the.General Court was held at which
272 votes were cast. A Moderator was then chosen by the
- Inhabitants “ in order th at the town may proceed in transact
ing the other affairs mentioned in the W arrant” . . . .
The Meeting adjourned till the afternoon, when it was voted
unanimously:
“ T hat if the Honble- Continental Congress should for the
Safety of the Colonies, declare them Independent of the King
dom of Great Britain, they the Inhabitants, will solemnly engage,
with their Lives and Fortunes to support them in the Measure.”
On May 30, a committee chosen on the twenty-third, to draft
instructions made a report to the Town Meeting which “ Passed
in the Affirmative unanimously.” The number who voted is
not stated. The instructions (whose character is indicated by
the following extracts) are found in the Town Records, b ut not
in the State Archives.
Instructions to the Representatives of the Town of Boston.
Inhabitants of this Town therefore, unanimously instruct &
direct you, that, at the Approaching Session of the General
Assembly, you use your Endeavors, th at the Delegates of this
Colony, at the Congress, be advised, th a t in Case the Congress
should think it necessary for the Safety of the United Colo
nies, to declare themselves independent of Great B ritain,'the
Inhabitants of this Colony, with their Lives & the Remnant
of their Fortunes, will most cheerfully support them in the
measure. —
The second referendum of 1776 was embodied in a Resolve
of the House of Representatives (apparently the Resolve was
not laid before the Council), passed September 17, in which
the “ Male Inhabitants of each Town being free and Twenty
One Years .of Age or upwards,” were asked whether they
would “ give their consent th a t the present House of Rep
resentatives and the Council in one Body with the House
and by equal Vote shall agree on and enact such a Constitu
tion and Form of Government as they shall judge will be most
conducive to the Safety, Peace and Happiness of this State in
all after and successive Generations, and will direct th at the
same be made public for the Inspection and Perusal of the
Inhabitants, before the Ratification thereof by the Assembly ? ”
Returns from 98 towns are extant,— showing th a t 72 towns
approved and 26 towns disapproved of the proposal. It
would appear th a t less than 40 per cent of the towns made
returns. The town of Boston on October 11, voted unani
mously against the question. The number of votes cast does
not appear.
On M ay 5, 1777, the House of Representatives passed a
Resolve to recommend the several towns to instruct their
Representatives to act with the Council in forming a Con
stitution of Government.
On May 22, the Town of Boston voted not to instruct their
representatives “ to form a plan for a new Government.” The
size of the vote is not stated, but earlier in the ,day 523 votes
were cast at an election of Representatives. On M ay 26, the
Town adopted instructions in which their Representatives
were “ directed by a unanimous vote in a full meeting, on no
Terms to consent” to the General C ourt’s forming a new
Constitution. The Instructions intimate th a t “ This m atter at
a suitable time will properly come before the people at large
to delegate a Select Number for that 'purpose, and that alone.”
Apparently a sufficient number of towns agreed to the pro
posal embodied in the Resolve of the 5th of May, 1777, since
on June 17, the Assembly and the Council resolved to act as a
Convention, and their plan of a Form of Government was
finally ordered printed on December 11.
In accordance with a Resolve of March 4, 1778, copies of
the Constitution of 1778, so called, were submitted to the
voters of the State. The Selectmen were directed to call
special meetings on or before May 15, to consider the proposed
Constitution and to make returns showing the number of votes
cast for and against it.
I t would appear th a t no official statem ent of the returns
has ever been published. We venture to give the following
tentative figures, subject to further investigation. From
manuscript returns it appears th a t 151 towns in Massachusetts
and 20 in Maine, or 171 towns in all made returns. I t is stated
in the Works of John Adams th a t 120 towns did not vote, and
th a t only about 12,000 voters went to the polls. Our notes
account for 112 towns th a t made no returns; and our tentative
totals show th a t 140 towns, 125 in Massachusetts and 15 in
Maine, voted against ratification; while 31 towns, 26 in Massa
chusetts and 5 in Maine, voted for it. I t appears th a t some
12,785 votes were cast upon the referendum, of which 10,740
were nays and 2,045 were yeas. These figures correspond
fairly closely with the statem ent of various writers who say
th at the Constitution was rejected by a vote of five to one.
T hat no returns can be found for 39 per cent of the towns is
worthy of note.
The Boston Town Meeting voted unanimously on M ay 25,
968 votes being cast against ratification of the Constitution,
chiefly because it had not been framed by a convention chosen
G entlem en:
At a time when, in all Probability, the whole United Colo
nies of America are upon the Verge of a glorious Revolution,
& when, consequently, the most im portant Questions th a t ever
were agitated by the Representative Body of this Colony,
touching its internal Police, will demand your Attention; your
Constituents think it necessary to instruct you, in several
M atters, what P art to act, th a t the P ath of Your D uty may be
plain before you.
We have seen the humble Petitions of these Colonies to the
King of Great Britain repeatedly rejected with Disdain. For
the Prayer of Peace he hath tendered the Sword;— for Lib
erty, Chains,— for Safety, Death. He has licensed the Instru
ments of his hostile Oppressions to rob us of our Property, to
burn our Houses, & to spill our Blood — He has invited every
barbarous Nation, whom he could hope to influence to assist
him in prosecuting those inhumane Purposes. The Prince,
therefore, in Support of whose Crown & Dignity, not many
years since, we would most cheerfully have expended both
Life & Fortune, we are now constrained to consider as the worst
of Tyrants; Loyalty to him is now Treason to our Country.:
We think it absolutely impracticable for these Colonies to
be ever again subject to, or dependent upon Great Britain,
without endangering the very Existence of the State: — The
*7 .
e.
M a y , 1909.
(
6)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
especially for the purpose by the people, and furthermore
because it was not prefaced by a bill of rights.
There is reason to believe th a t a second referendum was
submitted to the Towns of Massachusetts in 1778, in which
their opinion was asked of the proposed Articles of Confeder
ation of the United States. I t was ordered by the House of
Representatives on January 19, 1778,
article in question authorized and empowered the Legislature:
(1) to require the Towns to maintain at their own expense
public worship and public Protestant teachers of piety, religion
and morality; and (2) to enjoin attendance of all subjects
upon the instructions of such teachers.
On September 4, 1780, the first State election under the new
Constitution was held. There were 12,281 votes cast for Gov
ernor, 600 in Maine, 11,681 in Massachusetts. Maine remained
a part of Massachusetts till 1820. John Hancock was elected
Governor, receiving 11,207 votes or 91.25 per cent of the total
vote for Governor. James Bowdoin, his principal competitor,
received 1,033 votes. On October 25, 1780, the first General
Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts met at* th e
State House, in Boston.
When we remember th at at the election of 1780 the people
of Massachusetts were free for the first time since 1692 to
elect their Governor, the total vote for Governor seems a light
one; particularly as has been mentioned already the vote on
the acceptance of the Constitution of 1780 appears to have
exceeded 13,000. Another notable feature of the vote for
Governor in 1780 was the failure of 71 towns, i. e., 24 per cent
of 297 towns to make return of any vote for Governor. Some
76 towns, of which 42 were in Massachusetts, appear not
to have made return of any vote regarding the Constitution
of 1780.
The Sons of the Revolution will do well to note th a t the
voting habits of their Fathers were rather peculiar.
In Boston, on September 4, 1780, the votes cast for Governor
amounted to 923 (or 36 more than were cast for the Constitu
tion), against 339 for Lieutenant Governor, while the highest
vote cast for a Senator was 275. At an election of Representa
tives on October 11, 1780, the votes for seven of them ranged
between 150 and 181 in a total of 185 present and voting.
The existence of a relatively large stay-at-home vote in Massa
chusetts at an early date is indicated by a total vote for Governor
of 24,588 in 1787 against a total vote of 8,231 in 1786.
In 1786 James Bowdoin was re-elected Governor, having
6,001 votes or 73 per cent of the total vote. In 1787, Bowdoin,
whose course in suppressing Shays’s Rebellion had aroused popu
lar resentment, received only 5,395 or 22 per cent of the vote for
Governor, while his opponent, John Hancock, received 18,459
votes, or 75 per cent of th at vote. In 1787 three-fourths of the
House of Representatives and two-thirds of the Senate and Coun
cil were new members and belonged to the “ Opposition” against
Bowdoin. Verily, the Fathers did vote when they were minded to.
The Constitution of 1780 provided for “ collecting the senti
m ents” of the qualified voters of the State in 1795 on “ the
necessity or expediency of revising the Constitution, in order
to am endments.” Accordingly the Legislature referred the
question to the voters in special meetings to be convened on
May 6, 1795.
The total vote of the State amounted to 16,324, or 7,999 for,
to 8,325 against, revision. The vote on the referendum equalled
92 per cent of the vote for Governor, which was 17,710. The vote
against revision amounted to 50.9 per cent of the total vote.
The vote in Boston was 78 for and 49 against revision. A
month before, on April 6th, the vote cast for Governor was
2,029, and the vote for Lieutenant Governor 2,048.
The period 1776-1780 is quite unparalled in the annals of
Massachusetts as regards the amount or consideration which
the voters were formally called upon by the Legislature to devote
to constitutional questions. In each of the five years the towns
were called upon to meet to consider such questions, and in 1776
and 1778 they were called on to do so twice. The referenda
relating to the Articles of Confederation and to the Constitutions
of 1778 and 1780 were what may be termed blanket referenda,
inasmuch as they each embodied a series of topics, e. g., the
Constitution of 1780 comprised a preamble, a bill of rights includ
ing 30 articles, and the frame of government including 70 articles.
From this point of view it is fair to say th a t in no other period of *
five years have the referenda embodied so many and such varied
questions, although the questions demanding yes or no answers
"T h a t the several members of the House (who are not impowered to act upon the proposed Articles of Confederation of the
United States) be directed immediately to write to the Select
men of their respective Towns desiring them forthwith to call
a Meeting of their Inhabitants to Impower their Representa
tives to act upon the proposed Articles of Confederation afore
said.”
On March 10, the Assembly voted to approve the proposed
Articles of Confederation “ as well calculated to secure the
Freedom, Sovereignty and Independence of the United States.”
. . . and to instruct the Delegates of Massachusetts in the
Continental Congress “ to subscribe said articles of .Confedera
tion and perpetual union as they were recommended by Con
gress,” on certain conditions th a t need not be detailed here.
The records of the General Court do not enable one to guess
how many towns acted upon the Order of January 19. How
ever, the Town Records of Boston show th a t on January 21,
1778, th a t Town voted unanimously to instruct “ the Repre
sentatives of the Town to give their Votes in the General
Assembly th a t the Delegates of this State may be authorized
to ratify the said Articles of Confederation in order th a t the
same may become conclusive.”
The House of Representatives resolved on February 20,
1779, to put two questions to the voters of the State as follows:
First: W hether they choose at this time to have a New Con
stitution or Form of Government made?
Second: Whether they will impower their Representatives
for the next year to vote for the calling of a State Convention
for the sole purpose of forming a new Constitution?
On May 10 the Boston Town Meeting voted in the affirma
tive on both questions. The vote on the first question was
351 yeas to no nays. The vote on the second question, which
was considered a t an adjourned meeting, is not stated in the
record. Twelve delegates from Boston to the convention were
chosen on August 16 and 17.
The House of Representatives, in a Resolve dated June 21,
1779, recommended to the Towns th a t they choose delegates
to a Constitutional Convention to meet in September. In this
Resolve it is set forth th a t returns on the question of Febru
ary 20, had been received from more than two-thirds of the
Towns and th a t a large m ajority of the Inhabitants of such
towns had voted in the affirmative.
The Convention met a t Cambridge September 1, and drew
up a Form of Government which, by a Resolve approved by the
Convention on March 2, 1780, was submitted to the people.
On June 15, 1780, the Convention resolved “ T hat the people
of Massachusetts have accepted the Constitution as it stands,
in the printed form submitted to their revision.” On June
16, the Convention dissolved. No official statem ent can be
found as to the whole number, of votes for and against the
Constitution. Certain schedules summarizing the returns from
the Towns, th a t are alluded to in the Proceedings of the Con
vention of 1779-1780, have disappeared. Such returns as
are extant appear to be incomplete. I t seems probable th a t
a t least 13,000 votes, 12,000 yeas and 1,000 nays, were cast on
acceptance of Article I. of the Bill of Rights.
The Boston Town Meeting having considered the proposed
Constitution paragraph by paragraph on May 3 and May 4,
1780, voted on May 8 to accept the Constitution as a whole
(“ except the 3d Article of the Bill of Rights and the 2d Article
of the 1st Chapter relative to the mode of Electing Senators” )
by a vote of 886 yeas to 1 nay. Two days were then devoted
to the Third Article of the Bill of Rights, which being amended
was finally accepted by a vote of 420 yeas to 140 nays. The
(
7)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
in certain periods appear at first sight not to w arrant such a state
ment. For instance, 14 proposed amendments were voted upon
on April 9, 1821
The people of Massachusetts, having secured a constitution to
their liking, were content to leave it unchanged for forty years.
Since 1820, one article in the Bill of Rights and 30 articles in the
Constitution have been altered through the ratification of 37
amendments. In altering the Constitution the people have acted
with much discrimination and have shown their dislike of whole
sale or headlong changes.
B ut two conventions to revise the Constitution have been
held. The first, held in 1821, proposed fourteen distinct amend
ments of which only nine were ratified, although several of the
rejected amendments were accepted in later years.
The Second Constitutional Convention, th a t of 1853, sub
m itted eight “ propositions” to be answered by Yes or No.
T hat numbered “ one” was a blanket referendum, covering what
was in effect a revised constitution embodying many radical
changes; the other seven were categorical propositions. How
ever, all of the eight were rejected.
The impolicy of asking the voters to say yes or no to a com
plicated proposition involving several unrelated questions, as in
the case of “ Proposition One of 1853,” seems to have been recog
nized by the Massachusetts Legislature. A t any rate since 1853
it has refrained from submitting blanket or alternative referenda
to the voters of the State. B ut its course has been less consistent
in submitting special acts to individual cities for their approval
or disapproval, numerous revised charters having been submitted
en bloc.
In 1851, however, an act providing (1) for the election of one
alderman from each ward instead of twelve at large, and (2)
for the election of two assistant assessors from each ward was
submitted to the voters of Boston. The act was rejected by a
vote of 6,966 nays to 4,519 yeas.
In 1852, an act embodying four distinct questions to be voted
on separately was submitted to the voters of Boston. Ques
tions 1 and 2 were exactly the same as those submitted in the
act of 1851 and were again rejected; the vote on “ Question 1”
being 5,070 nays to 4,903 yeas, and th a t on “ Question 2 ” being
5,102 nays to 4,866 yeas. But “ Question 3 ” was approved by
a vote of 9,784 yeas to 155 nays, and “ Question 4 ” by a vote of
9,706 yeas to 147 nays. If the voters in 1852 had been restricted
to voting yea or nay on the act as a whole, it seems altogether
probable, judging from their action in 1851, th a t they would
have rejected the act of 1852 in toto.
As the best available means of indicating the degree of interest
shown by the voters of Massachusetts and of Boston in the
referenda submitted since the election of the first governor of
the State, we have prepared Table I which shows — Firstly:
(1) the character of the 59 referenda submitted to the voters
of Massachusetts in the period, 1780-1907; (2) the number of
votes cast for and against each referendum, and (3) the total
vote cast for Governor in each year when a referendum was
submitted; secondly, the same facts for Boston as are set forth
for the State; and thirdly: A — the per cent of the vote on each
referendum to the vote for Governor, in each year covered by
the table: (1) in the State, (2) in Boston, and (3) in the State
outside of Boston; and B — the per cent of the major vote on
each referendum to the total vote cast on each referendum: (1)
in the State, (2) in Boston, and (3) in the State outside of
Boston.
At first sight, the most obvious fact th a t is disclosed by
inspection of the table is the wide, not to say violent, fluctuations
in the votes cast on the various referenda, and in the correspond
ing degrees of interest expressed by the per cents, given under
A and B, respectively. B ut on closer inspection, if due consid
eration be given to the character of the individual referenda
it becomes fairly clear th a t the voters manifested both sagacity
and discrimination in voting with most emphasis on the most
im portant of the questions to be considered.
The per cent of vote on referendum to vote for Governor
affords a measure of the interest in referenda as compared with
th a t in the contest for Governor. A few of the occasions when
a relatively large vote was evoked in the State by referenda are
noted below.
In 1780, on approval or disapproval of Article I. of the Bill of
Rights, the per cent was 105.9 of the vote for Governor.
In 1853, when all of the eight “ propositions” recommended
by the convention of th at year were rejected, the per cents
ranged between 101.8 on accepting the revised Bill of Rights
and Constitution to 100.8 on enlarging the powers of juries in
criminal causes. In 1851, on the question of holding a consti
tutional convention (which was negatived) the per cent was 92.4
and in 1852, when it was voted to hold one, the per cent was
90.7 as compared with 34.4 in 1820 and 92.2 in 1795, when the
same questions were up.
In 1895, on the expediency of granting municipal suffrage to
women (which was negatived) the per cent was 83.5.
In 1885, on the question of forbidding the manufacture of
intoxicating drinks (settled in the negative), the per cent was 82.2.
The lowest per cents in this class are found in 1860 on the
question of establishing methods for filling vacancies (1) in the
Senate and (2) in the Council, the per cent being 3.3 in each case.
The extremely light interest in these referenda may be accounted
for largely by the fact th a t there was a Presidential election in
1860, and th a t the vote for Governor, which resulted in the first
election of John A. Andrew was phenomenally large.
In a number of cases the major vote exceeded the minor vote
by a narrow margin, as is shown by per cents given under B “ In
S tate” in the table. Thus, the vote in 1821 to authorize the
Legislature to grant city charters was only 50.1 of the total vote.
In 1853, the corresponding per cent (against abolishing imprison
ment for debt) was 50.9; and th at against forbidding the expendi
ture of public moneys for the support of sectarian schools was
50.2. I t may be noted th a t in 1855 the last mentioned proposal
was approved, when the per cent of the major vote to the total
vote on the question amounted to 87.3 in a year when the total
vote on the referendum amounted to only 14.7 of the vote for
Governor.
The following are instances in which the major vote greatly
exceeded the minor vote: In 1780, it was 92.3 per cent in favor
of Article I. of the Bill of Rights.
In 1833, the per cent was 90.8 on changing Article III. of the
Bill of Rights so as to relieve the Towns from paying for the
support of ministeres of piety, religion and morality. In 1821,
the same proposition was rejected when the per cent of the major
vote was 63.9 of the whole vote.
In 1857, on the question of changing the method of appor
tioning senators (which was accepted) the per cent, was 88.4.
In 1821 a similar proposal was rejected, the major vote being
67.7 per cent, of the total vote.
The Constitution of Massachusetts adopted by a referendum
in 1780 was a remarkable instrument in many ways. N ot only
did it express the wish and will of the people more fully and
explicitly than any constitution or charter then possessed by
any State; b ut it was the first constitution to be framed by a
convention chosen expressly by the people for th a t purpose,
and then ratified by the people in their town meetings, after
deliberate discussion. This constitution has been character
ized “ as the most perfect expression of the American theory as
understood at the close of the Revolution.” I t served as the
model for the ^Federal Constitution of 1787 and later for the
conventions called to revise the first State constitutions several
of which had been hurriedly adopted by a State Assembly in
1776 and 1778.
However, the point to be most particularly emphasized here
is th a t the Constitution of 1780 marked the triumph of the
advocates- of popular sovereignty over the party of preroga
tive and privilege th a t had striven for a century and a half to
keep a preponderant place for the Magistrates in the govern
ment of the Colony, the Province, and the State of Massachu
setts.
(8)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
SU M M ARY OF R E FE R E N D A IN M ASSACHUSETTS, 1639-1779.
To the writer it appears th a t the germ of the Constitution
of Massachusetts is to be found in the vaguely phrased provi
sions of the Charter granted by Charles I, in 1629, to the Gover
nor and Company of Massachusetts Bay, because upon the
disputed meaning of those provisions the freeman of the Colony
based their insistent demands for the recognition and exercise
of their charter rights. The forces which served to quicken th at
germ and the circumstances whereby its growth and develop
ment were conditioned, till the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
was evolved from the original quasi-trading corporation, deserve
fuller and more critical study than they have received as yet
from the devotees of modern political science. A clear, complete
and convincing story of the origin and development of our frame
of government is still to seek. When th a t story shall be ade
quately told, the p art played by the constitutional referendum
as an organ for giving expression to the mind and will ot the
people will doubtless be assigned a more prominent and impor
ta n t place than has been accorded it hitherto.
In the foregoing pages 74 referenda have been cited. Fiftynine of them, relating to the adoption or amendment of the
Constitution of 1780, are included in Table I. The nature of
the remaining 15, is indicated in the following summary of the
questions referred to the people in the period 1639-1779.
T>
3
a
•
Year.
Nature of Question Submitted.
f
t
<
TD
3
<
o
t
f
"o
s
-13
E
H
1
1639
1643
Approval of Articles of New England Con-
1644........
Election of Deputies by Counties instead
1644
;. . Providing Compensation for Magistrates
1647
Resumption of Charter Revoked in 1684........
1
Reducing Number of Deputies to One from
1689........
1
1689 , ,
Further Consideration of the Above Ques-
1765
Compensation for Damages Done by the
1776........
Approval of Declaration of Independence. . . .
1776 , , , Permitting Council and House of Repre
sentatives to Frame a C onstitution___
Instructing Representatives to Act with
1777
Council in Framing a C onstitution.............
Approval of Articles of Confederation of
1778
?
rj
?
1
1
1
1
-
1
-
1
1
1
1778........
1779
To Determine whether the People Desire a
1779
Shall the Representatives call a Constitu-
1
1
11
3
15
APPENDIX.
I.
Changes Effected by Am endm ents of the Constitution.
any on whose instructions they can conscientiously and con
veniently attend.”
Number One of the proposed Amendments, submitted to
the people on April 9, 1821, was intended to do away with the
provisions of Article III. (See Number 4, Table I.) I t was
rejected by a vote of 19,547, to 11,065 in the State, while Boston,
gave 1,768 votes for the amendment to 888 against it.
In 1833, the present Article X I. of Amendments, which
contains no provision to authorize the public-support of any
clergy or to require attendance upon their instructions, but
which does expressly forbid the “ subordination of any sect or
denomination to another,” was substituted, for Article III.,
Bill of Rights. The vote for the Amendment was 32,354 to
3,272 against in the State, and in Boston, 2,007, for to 345
against (see Number 19, Table I).
We have in the votes on these referenda relating to Article
III. of the Bill of Rights notable and significant evidence of the
growth of public opinion in 50 years, as affecting the people’s
law. In 1780 of the total vote cast in Boston on Article III.,
25 per cent only was against it. In 1821, 66.6 per cent of the
vote cast was for annulling the article; while in the rest of the
State 66.7 per cent of those who voted on the m atter voted to
retain the article and the public Support of the Protestant
Clergy. Whereas in 1833, of the vote cast on the referendum,
the radical substitute for the article received, 90.8 per cent
in the State, 85.3 in Boston, and 91.2 per cent in the State,
outside of Boston.
Under the original Constitution none b ut “ male inhabitants
twenty-one years of age and upwards, having a freehold estate
within the Commonwealth of the annual income of £3, or any
estate of the value of £60” were allowed to vote for governor,
lieutenant governor, senators, and representatives. In 1821,
by the acceptance of Article III. — Amendments, the above
mentioned property qualification was abolished and the right
to vote at State elections was accorded “ every male citizen of
twenty-one years and upwards, excepting paupers and persons
under guardianship . . . and who shall have paid any state
or county tax assessed within two years preceding such election.”
This amendment received 95.5 per cent of the vote cast on the
The following review of the principal changes wrought in
the Constitution of 1780 by the amendments adopted since
1820 may help us towards reaching a just estimate of the effi
cacy of the constitutional referendum as a means of ascer
taining the sentiments of the people of Massachusetts touching
the organic law of their Commonwealth.
As a whole the Constitution has undergone no very radical
changes either in its essence or structure in one hundred and
thirty years; although religious and property tests have been
abolished, manhood suffrage established, and the sphere of the
electorate notably enlarged.
As is well known, the original draft both of the Bill of Rights
and of the Frame of Government — all but the third Article
of the Bill of Rights — was written by John Adams. T hat
article as originally reported was entirely erased by the con
vention, and “ after several days spent in discussion . . . .
the subject was recommitted to a committee of seven with the
Reverend Mr. Alden, as the Chairman, who reported the
substitute which was finally adopted, in an amended form, and
after long debates.” (Works of John Adams, Vol. IV., page
222 .)
The article, as recommended by the convention, met with
much opposition among the people but was ratified by a
sufficient vote; whose size cannot be accurately stated, owing
to the incomplete and defective character of the returns th a t
have come down to us. Attention was called above on page
7 to the prolonged debate and considerable opposition
evoked by th a t article in the Boston Town Meeting in May,
1780.
Article III. authorized and required the Legislature “ to
require the several towns, etc., to make suitable provision, at
their own expense, for the institution of the public worship of
God, and for the special support and maintenance of public
Protestant teachers of piety, religion, and morality, in all
cases where such provision shall not be made voluntarily.
And the people of this Commonwealth . . . . do invest
their Legislature with authority to enjoin upon all the sub
jects an attendance upon the instructions of such public
teachers aforesaid, at stated times and seasons, if there be
(9)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
for it, while 57.5 per cent of the vote in Boston was against it.
(See Number 18, Table I.)
In 1855, the date of the State Election was changed to the
Tuesday after the first Monday in November (as it is at present)
by Article XV.—Amendments, on which 19,856 votes were cast
a t a special election in May, or 14.5 per cent of the vote for
governor in the following November. But of the vote on the
amendment 86.1 per cent were for it.
(See Number 33,
Table I.)
From 1780 till 1855, when Article X IV .—Amendments was
adopted, a majority of all the votes cast was requisite for the
election of State officers. Article X IV which is still in force
provided th a t “ in all elections of civil officers by the people of
this Commonwealth . . . the person having the highest number
of votes shall be deemed and declared to be elected. ”
The vote on the referendum amounted to 14.6 per cent of
the vote for governor in the State, and to 18.2 in Boston. The
major vote on the referendum was 80.5 per cent of the total
in Boston against 73.4 per cent in the rest of the State. (See
Number 32, Table I.)
Originally the constitutional apportionment of senators
was based upon the “ proportion of public taxes paid ” by the
several senatorial districts; while the apportionment of repre
sentatives was based upon the number of ratable polls found
in a town.
In 1821, an Amendment providing (1) for the reduction of the
number of Senators from 40 to 36 and of the Councillors from
9 to 7— (2) the substitution of number of inhabitants for ratable
polls as the basis for apportioning representatives; and (3)chang
ing the election of Councillors from election by the General
Court to election by the people, called forth a vote of 30,633,
against a vote of 49,086 for governor. I t was rejected, the vote
against it in the State being 67.7 per cent of the total vote;
although 62.0 per cent of the vote in Boston was for it. (See
Number 8, Table I.)
In 1836, by the adoption of Article X II.— Amendments, it
was provided th at a decennial census of ratable polls should be
taken in May, 1837, (and every tenth year thereafter) as a
basis for the apportionment of representatives. This refer
endum called forth a vote of 46,473, in the State, or 59.3 per.
cent of the vote for governor. The per cent of the major
vote to total vote on the referendum was 74.7 in the State,
but only 52.6 in Boston. (See Number 20, Table I.)
In 1840, Article X III — Amendments was ratified by a vote
of 24,884, to 4,912 in the State, the major vote being 83.5 of the
total, although the vote on the referendum was only 23.4 per
cent of the vote for governor. In Boston the vote on referen
dum was 11.1 per cent of the vote for governor, although 88.3
per cent of the vote on the referendum was in its favor. (See
Number 21, Table I.)
Article X III. provided for a census of the inhabitants in 1840,
and decennially thereafter, to determine the apportionment of
Senators and Representatives for intercensal periods of ten years.
Article X III. was amended, in 1857, by Articles X X I. and
X X II.— Amendments which provided for a census as of M ay 1,
1857, of the legal voters; and a census in 1865, and every tenth
year thereafter, of both inhabitants and legal voters, the number of
legal voters in each case to determine the num ber of senators and
representatives for the intercensal periods (as it is at present).
The referenda on these two amendments were submitted a t a
special election in May, at which the vote was 29 per cent of the
total vote which was cast later a t the State Election for Governor.
In Boston the corresponding per cent was 35. Of the vote on
these referenda, 95 per cent was favorable in Boston; and in
the State outside Boston 81.6 per cent of the vote on Article
X X I. was favorable, while on Article X X III 87.4 per cent was
favorable. (See Numbers 39 and 40, Table I.)
In 1856, by Article XVI.— Amendments, provision was made
for the election of eight councillors (the present number) “ by
inhabitants qualified to vote for Governor” ; and for the division
of the State into eight councillor districts, the basis of apportion
referendum in Boston and 61.7 per cent in the rest of the State.
(See Number 9, Table I.)
In 1891, Article X X X II.— Amendments, abolished the pro
vision of Amendment I II as to the paym ent of a tax as a pre
requisite to voting. In Boston the vote on the referendum
was 66.7 per cent of the vote for governor, and in the rest of
the State, 60.6 per cent of th a t vote. Of the total vote cast on
the referendum, 82.4 per cent, was for it, and in the rest of the
State 70.6 per cent. (See Number 51, Table I.)
In 1857, by Article XX.— Amendments, the right to vote
or hold office was denied to voters unable to read and write.
(See Number 38, Table I.)
Article X X III.— Amendments, was adopted in 1859. It
forbade the voting or holding of office by naturalized citizens
unless resident in the United States for two years after naturali
zation. On the referendum, at a special election in May, the
total vote in the State was only 32.9 per cent of the vote cast in
the following November for governor, the major vote for the
amendment being 57.8 per cent of the total vote in the State on
the referendum. (See Number 41, Table I.) This Twentythird Amendment, was annulled in April, 1863, by Article
XXVI.— Amendments, when the vote on the referendum
amounted in the State to but 16.1 per cent of the vote cast for
governor in the ensuing November. However, the major vote
for the referendum amounted to 62.3 per cent of the total vote
in the State. (See Number 44, Table I.)
Article X X V III.— Amendments exempted honorably dis
charged soldiers and sailors of the United States from disfran
chisement for pauperism or non-payment of a poll tax. This
referendum, accepted at the State election of 1881, evoked a
vote in the State equal to only 31.9 per cent of the vote cast for
governor at the same election. Of the vote on the referendum
60.0 per cent was for it. (See Number 46, Table I.)
Article X X X I.— Amendments, ratified November 8, 1891,
relieved soldiers and sailors “ receiving aid ” — from the desig
nation of “ pauper.” The vote on this referendum in the State,
was 44.5 per cent of the vote for governor, b u t the major vote
was 78.8 per cent of the vote on the referendum. (See Number
50, Table I.)
On the referendum as to the Expediency of Granting Munic
ipal Suffrage to Women, which was defeated at the State elec
tion of 1895, the vote on the referendum, in Boston, equalled
86.8 per cent and in the rest of the State 82.6 per cent of the
vote for governor on the same day. (See Table I., Number 56.)
The Constitution originally provided:
A. T hat Senate and House of Representatives should
assemble every year on the last Wednesday of May (the begin
ning of the political year).
B. T hat the annual election for governor, lieutenant-gov
ernor and “ forty persons to be councillors and senators ” should
be held on the first Monday in April.
C. T hat the annual election for representatives should be
held in May, at least ten days before the last Wednesday.
D. T hat nine Councillors should be chosen annually on the
last Wednesday in May from among the persons returned to
be Senators by the joint ballot of Senators and Representatives
assembled in one room.
Of the 14 amendments referred to the people on April 9,
1821, th a t proposed for changing the beginning of the political
year to the first Wednesday in January, and the date of the
State Election to the second Monday of November, evoked
the largest vote, viz., 30,892, or 62.9 per cent of the vote for
governor. I t was rejected, the vote against it being 54.1 per
cent of the vote on the referendum.
(See Number 5, Table I.)
In 1831, Article X.—Amendments was adopted at the State
Election. I t changed: (1) the beginning of the political year
to the first Wednesday in January (as it is at present); and (2)
the date of the elections of senators and representatives to the
second Monday of November. The referendum called forth a
vote in the State of 25,711, equal to 52.6 of the vote for governor.
Of the vote on the referendum in the State, 75.6 per cent was
(1 0 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
ment to be the number of inhabitants enumerated at the decennial
census. (See Number 34, Table I.)
In 1856, by the adoption of Article X V II.— Amendments, it
was provided that the secretary, treasurer, auditor and attorney
general (originally chosen by joint ballot of Senators and Repre
sentatives in one room) should be elected by the people at the
State Election. (See Number 35, Table I.).
Originally, to be eligible to the office of governor, or lieutenant
governor, a man had (1) to be “ seized in his own right of a free
hold of the value of £ 1,000 and (2) to “ declare himself of the
Christian religion.” Article V II.— Amendments, in 1821,
annulled the second requirement, by providing that only the
simplified oath of allegiance (as specified in Article VI.— Amend
ments adopted also in 1821) should be exacted of State Officers.
(See Numbers 14 and 15, Table I.) The first requirement, as to
property, remained in force till 1892, when it was annulled by
Article X X X IV .— Amendments. (See Number 53, Table I.)
The vote in the State, on Article VI. in 1821, was 54.6 per cent
of the vote for governor, and that on Article V II, 53.5. In
1892 the corresponding vote on Article X X X IV was 52.4. In
1892 the amendment was passed by a majority of more than twothirds both in Boston and the rest of the State; but in 1821 the
State outside Boston voted to retain the religious test by 943
majority, while Boston voted to abolish it by 2,245 majority.
Originally only persons having a freehold estate of the value
of £300 at the least, or personal estate valued at £600 or of both
to the value of £600 were eligible to the office of senator or to
that of councillor. Eligibility to the office of representative
was conditioned on the possession of “ a freehold of £100 within
the town to be represented,” or any ratable estate valued at
£ 200.
B y Article X III.— Amendments, adopted in 1840, all property
qualifications for “ holding a seat in either branch of the general
court, or in the executive council were abolished.” The vote on
the referendum was less than 25 per cent of the vote for governor,
both in Boston and the rest of the State; but the vote for the
amendment was over 80 per cent of the vote cast thereon both
in Boston and the rest of the State. (See Number 21, Table I.)
II. Referenda on Separation of Maine from Massachusetts.
to say what reply was made to the petition of 1803. Probably
some conciliatory action was taken as in 1787.
Chapter 45 — Massachusetts Resolves of 1807, passed Feb
ruary 19, 1807, provided that “ the inhabitants of Maine, qual
ified to vote in the choice of Representatives or Senators to the
General Court” should assemble on the first Monday of May,
1807, and give in their votes on the following questions: “ Shall
the Senators and Representatives of the District of Maine make
application to the Legislature for their consent to a separation
of the District of Maine from the Commonwealth of Massachu
setts, and that the same may be erected into a State?” Action
was taken accordingly and the question was decided in the nega
tive by a vote of 9,404 nays to 3,370 yeas. The total vote on the
referendum, viz., 12,774 amounted to 67.8 per cent of 18,836}
the total vote for governor in 1807. The major vote on the
referendum was 73.6 per cent of the total vote.
On M ay 20, 1816, in accordance with Chapter 147, Massa
chusetts Resolves of 1816, the qualified voters of Maine again
voted on the question of requesting the Legislature “ to give its
consent to the separation of the District of Maine from Massa
chusetts proper.” The returns showed a majority of 6,491 for
separation in a total vote of 17,075, out of a total of 37,938 qual
ified voters. In 1816, the total vote for governor was 28,356;
therefore the vote on the referendum (which was 45.0 per cent
of the whole number of qualified voters) amounted to 60.2 per
cent of the gubernatorial vote; while the major vote on the
referendum, viz., 10,584, was 62.0 per cent of the total vote
thereon.
On the strength of the vote of M ay 20, for separation, the
Massachusetts Legislation passed Chapter 41, Acts of 1816
which authorized the inhabitants of Maine entitled to vote for
senators “ to choose delegates (on the first Monday in September)
to a Convention to assemble at Brunswick on the last M onday
in September, 1816.” On the first M onday of September the
voters were to make answer to the following question: Is it
expedient that the District of Maine shall be separated from
M assachusetts and become an independent State?” The Act
further reads: “ And if it shall appear to said Convention that a
majority of five to four at least of the votes returned are in favor
of said D istrict’s becoming an independent State, then and not
otherwise, said Convention shall proceed to form a constitution.”
Accordingly, on the first Monday of September, the voters (1)
chose a Convention and (2) declared for separation by a vote of
11,969 to 10,347, the major vote being 53.6 per cent of the total
vote, 22,316. The total vote equalled 78.7 per cent of the vote
in 1816 for governor.
The Convention, although the majority for the referendum
was but 1,622, in all votes cast, figured out that “ the whole
For the sake of completeness the following account of the
principal stages of the popular movement which led to the
Separation of Maine from Massachusetts is introduced here;
because the referendum played an important part in that move
ment.
From the beginning of the provincial period, in 1692, till May
15, 1820, when the District of Maine became the State of Maine,
the people of Maine formed a constituent part of the people of
Massachusetts, and the voters of Maine were as much concerned
pari passu as the voters of Massachusetts in all questions referred
to the Towns by the General Court.
Agitation began in Maine as early as 1785, for the separation
of that District from Massachusetts. A conference of 33 dele
gates from 20 towns met at Falmouth and, having organized
as a Convention, agreed upon an Address to the People calling
upon them to send delegates to a Convention to meet in January,
1786. The Second Falmouth Convention met accordingly on
January 4, 1786, drew up a list of grievances, and called upon the
Towns to vote upon a memorial to the General Court asking for
separation. The Convention assembled again on June 3, 1787,
when it appeared that 24 towns had voted for separation and 8
against it. Of 994 votes returned 645 were for separation and
349 against it. Williamson, in his History of Maine, says that
in 1787 there were 93 towns in Maine, of which 53 were not
represented at either session of the Falmouth Convention.
However, the Convention sent a petition for separation to the
General Court of 1787 which being duly received was referred
to a committee. The General Court assumed a conciliatory
attitude and passed various measures for the benefit of Maine
and the agitation so far quieted down that the Falmouth Conven
tion died of inanition in September, 1788.
In response to a Memorial of the Senators and Representa
tives from Maine, the General Court passed a Resolve, on March
6, 1792 (Chapter 135 Resolves 1791, January Session) author
izing the calling together of the inhabitants of Maine by the
Selectmen for the purpose of giving in their votes on the question
of separation,— returns to be made into the Secretary’s office on
or before the second Wednesday in June, 1792.
No official statement of the returns can be found, but the
returns from 88 towns, plantations and districts which are pre
served in the Massachusetts Archives, show that 50 voted for
and 38 against separation; while the popular vote was 2,037
yeas to 2,448 nays.
Again in 1803, sixty-four towns in the District of Maine
petitioned the Legislature “ to take such measures as they might
deem wise and effectual for obtaining the sense of the people of
said District upon the question of forming the same into a sepa
rate State.” The records of the General Court do not enable one
(11)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
aggregate majorities in favor of separation was 6,031 against
the whole aggregate majorities opposed of 4,409” and began
the work of framing a constitution. But the Legislature
decided that the Convention had misconstrued the Act; that
the requisite majority of five to four in all votes cast had not
been given; and that the powers of the Convention were at
an end.
B y Chapter 161, Acts of 1819, the Massachusetts Legis
lature consented to the erection of Maine into an independent
State, if on the fourth Monday of July, 1819, the voters of
Maine should declare their desire for separation by a majority
of 1,500 in all votes cast. On August 24, 1819, the Governor
of Massachusetts, in accordance with the Act issued a proclama
tion; (1) setting forth the results of the referendum in July —
when 17,091 votes were cast for separation and 7,132 against
it; and (2) calling on the people of Maine to choose delegates to a
Constitutional Convention to meet at Portland on the second
Monday in October to frame a constitution and submit it to the
people for ratification.
The Constitution framed by the Convention was ratified by
the people, on December 6, 1819, the vote being 9,040 in favor
to 796 opposed. There were 1,062 other votes (985 yeas and 77
nays) thrown out as not legally returned. The Constitution
took effect on March 15, 1820.
The total vote on the referendum of July, 1819, viz., 24,223
amounted to 101.9 per cent of 23,763 the vote cast for governor
in May, 1819; while the total vote in December on ratifying
the Constitution, viz., 9,836 amounted to only 41.4 per cent
of that vote. If the 1,062 votes thrown out, which were mostly
tardy returns, are included, the vote on ratification amounted
to only 45.0 per cent of the vote for governor; but it is fair to
suppose that the conditions in July were more favorable "to
getting out the v o te” than they were in December.
Of the total vote on the referendum in July, the major vote
amounted to 70.6 per cent. Of the total vote cast on ratifi
cation, viz., 9,836, the major vote equalled 91.9 per cent.
According to the third Federal Census, Massachusetts had
523,287 inhabitants in 1820, and 7,800 square miles of Territory;
and Maine had 298,335 inhabitants and 42,800 square miles
of Territory. Therefore, by the separation of Maine from
M assachusetts the latter parted with 36.3 per cent of her popula
tion and 84.6 per cent of her territory.
It may be noted ' X tJ • question of consenting 'o the erection
of Maine into an independent State' was not submitted to the
people of Massachusetts proper. Furthermore, when on June
16, 1819, a motion was made in the House of Representatives
to amend the Bill (which on June 19, became — Chapter 161,
Acts of 1819) “ so as to take the opinion of the whole Common
w ealth,” it was rejected by 168 nays to 83 yeas. On June 17,
the vote on engrossment was 193 yeas to 59 nays.
The Maine Constitution of 1820 although modelled in general
upon the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, was a more liberal
and democratic instrument in certain respects. Thus, it con
tained no provision for the public support of the clergy,— Protes
tant or other. The address put forth by the Convention, in
recommending the Constitution to the people, characterized
the doctrine embodied in the much controverted Article III
of the Massachusetts Bill of Rights, as one “ which though pro
fessing much is utterly nugatory in practice. ” The Constitution
made members of the Council elective, by both branches of the
Legislature, from among the people; and based the apportion
ment of senators upon population, instead of upon the propor
tionate amount of taxes paid by the several districts. It
contained no property or religious qualifications for voting or
holding office. The office of Lieutenant Governor was omitted.
It obviated the necessity of calling a Constitutional Convention
by providing that proposed articles of amendment to the organic
law should be submitted to the people if previously passed by
both branches of the Legislature.
The per cent of votes cast in a contest, or on a referendum,
to the votes that might have been cast had all the registered
voters voted, i e., the per cent of the actual to the possible
vote may be termed for convenience, the Per Cent of Interest.
When the Per Cent of Interest can be determined it appears
to the writer to constitute the most satisfactory criterion whereby
to estimate the relative interest of voters in respect to referenda
and electoral contests. But as has been stated already, the
Per Cent of Interest shown by the voters of Massachusetts
before 1890 cannot be determined without enormous labor.
TABLE I
.
VOTES IN MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON ON STATE REFERENDA
*
AND FOR GOVERNOR, 1780-1907.
Percentages
O
bject o R
f eferen u
dm
V T O S A EO
OE F T T N
Referendum
For
17 ....................
80
17 5 May 6,
9.
1 2 . Aug. 21,
80
12. A p ril 9.
81
12. A p ril
81
1 2 . A p ril
81
1 2 . A p ril
81
7..
81
8.. 1 2 . A"pril
81
9.. 1 2 . A p ril
81
10.. 1 2 . A p ril
81
11.. 1 2 . A p ril
81
12.. 12. A p ril
9,
9
,
9,
9,
9
,
9,
9.
9,
12.
81
A p ril
9,
81
14.. 1 2 .
81
15.. 12.
12.
81
A p ril
A p ril
A p ril
0,
9
,
9,
12.
81
A p ril
9,
13 . May 11,
81
8.
19.. 1 33 Nov. 11,
20..
21..
32..
23..
24..
25..
20..
28..
29..
33..
34..
35..
1 3 . Nov 14,
86
1 4 . Mar. 1,
80
0
1 5 . Nov.
81
1S52. Nov.
1 5 . Nov.
83
15. Nov.
83
15. Nov.
83
1 5 . Nov.
83
18 . Nov.
53
18 3 Nov.
5.
1 5 . Nov.
83
15. Nov.
83
1 3. May
85
1 55 May
8.
155. May
S
1 5 . May
85
On Expediency o f H olding a Constitutional
Convention...............................................
On Accepting a Revision of B ill o f Rights and
Constitution....................................................
To Enlarge the Discretion of the Courts in
G ranting W rits of Habeas Corpus...........
To Enlarge the Jurisdiction of Juries in Crlmi
nal Causes............................................................
To Perm it Claimants to Sue the State..
To Abolish Im prisonm ent fo r Debt__
To Forbid Support o f Sectarian Schools from
Public Moneys...............................................
It, To Forbid the Creation of Corporations by
Special Acts of the Legislature.......................
1 , ToSpecial Acts of Incorporation of Banks by
4 Forbid the the Legislature.......................
To Provide for the Election of C ivil Officers
by a P lurality of the Votes Cast.......................
23,
2,
3
23,
1 5 . May
87
15. May
87
1,
1
,
18 7 May
5.
1
,
1 5 . May
89
9,
42..
43..
44..
45..
16.
80
16.
80
16.
83
17.
87
17,
May 1 ,
7
A p ril 6
.
Nov. 6
,
48..
47..
48..
49..
18.
81
18.
85
18.
89
19.
80
8,
Nov. 3
,
,
A p ril 22
,
Nov. 4
50..
51..
52..
53..
54..
55..
.5 ..
0
57..
19.
80
19.
81
19.
81
19.
82
18 3
9.
19 .
S4
19.
85
19.
86
Nov.
May
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
Nov.
To Abolish Support, by the Towns, of Pro
testant Ministers find Rrquired Attendance
upon the Instructions of the Clergy........
To Change the Political Year and Date of State
Election..........................................................
To Forbid B ills Unsigned after Adjournm ent
of General Court to Become Laws.............
To Empower the Legislature to Grant City
Charters.........................................................
To Change Method of Electing Senators, Repre
sentatives and Councillors..............................
To A bolish Property Qualification fo r Voters..
To Authorize Appointm ent of Notaries Public
by the G overnor.....................................
To A llow A ll Members of M ilitia to Vote for
their Captains and Subalterns....................
To Empower Governor to Remove Justices of
the Peace and to P ro h ib it Referring Certain
Questions to Supreme Court.......................
To A llo w Overseers of Harvard College Free
Choice in Election of M inisters to their
B o a rd .................. ............................ ............
To S im plify the Oath o f Allegiance..................
To Require No Other Oath than that of Alia,
giance o f A ny C ivil or M ilita ry Officer........
To Make Judges (except of Court of Sessions)
and Officials of United States (except Post
masters) Ineligible to State Offices..................
To Provide that Proposed Amendments of Con
stitution must be Passed by Two Successive
Legislatures before Submission to the People.
To Change the Political Year and Date of State
Election.................................................
To Abolish Support by Towns of M inisters and
the Required Attendance upon the Instruc
tions o f Clergym en................................
To Change the Basis o f Apportioning Mem
bers of the General C ourt...............................
To Require a Decennial Census o f Inhabitants
fo r Determining Apportionm ent of Senator*
and Representatives.....................................
1,
0
8
,
1,
4
1,
4
1,
4
14,
14,
1,
4
85
36-. 1 5 . May 23,
85
37.. 1 5 . May 23,
Nov.
Adoption of the Constitution.....................
Expediency of Revising the Constitution.
4,
3,
3,
8,
7,
To Change the Number o f Councillor* and
Method of Election..............................................
To Make the Offices of Secretary, Treasurer,
A ud itor and A ttorney General Elective by
the People............................................................
To Forbid E xpenditure of Public Moneys for
the Support of Sectarian Schools....................
To Require the Legislature to Prescribe for
the Electiou o f County Officers by the People
of the C ouuties....................................................
To Restrict the Right to Vote or to Hold Office
to Persons Able to Read and W rite .................
To Change the Time of Decennial Census and
to Make the Number of Legal Voters the
Basis of Apportionm ent of Representatives..
To Bass Apportionm ent of Senators on the
Number of Legal Voters Enumerated by
Decennial Census.................................................
To Forbid Naturalized C itizens to Vote or Hold
Office unless Resident in United 8tates for
Two Years after their N aturalization.............
To Authorize the Senate to Order Elections to
F ill Vacancies In the Senate..............................
To Provide a Method fo r F illin g Vacancies in
the Council............................................................
To A nn ul the Tw enty-third Amendment. (See
4 above)...............................................................
1
To Annul Provision that No Member of Faculty
of Harvard College Shall Hold a Seat in Gen
era! C ourt.............................................................
To Prevent Disfranchisement of Pauper Sol
diers and Sailors..................................................
To Provide fo r Voting by Precincts in Towns..
To Forbid the Manufacture of Intoxicating
D rin k s ...................................................................
To , Forbid Disqualification o f Voters, fo r
Change of Residence, w ith in Six Months of
Such Change.........................................................
To Relieve Soldiers and Sailors Receiving Pub
lic A id from Designation of “ Paupers” ........
To Abolish Payment of Poll Tax as a Prerequi
site to V o tin g .......................................................
To Make a M ajority of Each Branch of the
General Court a Q uorum...................................
To A nnul the Provision fo r Paying Mileage
but Once to Members of the General Court...
A, To Abolish the Office o f Commissioners of
Insolvency......................................................
5, Expediency of Granting Municipal Suffrage to
Women...................................................................
3,
To Make Elections o f Governor, Lieut. Gov
ernor and Councilors Biennial instead of
A nn ual..................................................... .
S6
58.. 1 9 . Nov. 3, To Make Elections of Senators and Represents
tives Biennial instead of A nnual.....................
> . 1 0 . Nov. 5, To Empower the Governor to Remove Justices
9 97
of the Peace and Notaries Public.....................
Against Total
1,0 0 1
2 0 ,000 1 00
30
7 9 8 2 1 ,3 4
,9 9 ,3 5 6 2
1 ,7 6 6 9 1,3 9
1 5 ,5 3 8 4
1 ,0 5
16
1,1 4
46
1,9 9
74
1 ,3 8
46
90
,9 4
1 ,7 2
80
1,1 4
47
V te of
o
S te for
ta
G vernor
o
1,5 7
94
1.7 8
62
1,7 9
00
1 ,3 6
40
2 .7 9
02
1 ,1 0
05
1 .5 7 2 ,6 1
31 79
6 4 2 ,1 0
,4 4 9 7
VT O B SO O
O E F OT N K
Referendum
For
1,2 1
28
1,70
71
Against
V te of A .— Vote on Referendum
o
B stonF R to Vote fo r Governor
o
O
G vernor
o
In
State
Total
106.9
* 92.2
34.4
96.1 106.6
* 103.3
20.7 35.9
*62.4
60.4
58.4
68.4
* 62.4
58.8
56.4
59.4
60.3
60.2
60.2
60.1
60.4
62
0
68.2
* 58.2
*62.6
68.7
* 56.0
59.4
49
.3 9
* 55.0
60.4
60.2
8"
8
4
9 17
2
5 17
0 ,0 9
22
,0 9
50
,2 9
16
,7 8
11 13
,5 5 ,1 3
9 2,6*2
9
5
25
,5 3
8
26
,4 2 15
14 10
,6 2 ,0 6
22
,5 6 18 2 4
1 ,6 4
12
,8 6
25
,6 8
3
21
,4 0 28
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
40
,3 9
17
,7 1
12
,0 9
4 ,0 6
98
4 .0 6
98
4 .0 6
98
1 ,4 1 1 .5 8 2 ,9 9
27 41 68
Outside
In
Boston Boston
B.— ajority Vote on
M
Referendum to Total Vote
on Same
In
State
Iji
Boston
92.3 100.0
61.4
6 .1 95.4
4
* 62.6
* 63.9
64.8
51.2
77.9
66.6
67.2
96.3
93.0
62.0
95.5
68.7
91.0
* 63.2
* 54.1
* 54.5
* 53.8
R
esult in
S te
ta
.a
£
a
Outside
Boston
V3
1
91.7
*?
62.1
s
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
0
1
1
66.6
60.1
* 67.7
69.2
* 64.3
61.7
76.6
1
?
13 24
,2 0 ,6 9
19 2 3
2 ,6 3
17 2 3
9 ,6 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
49
.3 9
* 57.3
* 57.1
*71.5
4 ,0 6
38
11
,4 9
20
,5 4
24
,4 2
54.6
63.5
54.1
60.0 * 52.9
65.5
65
!V
53.6
95.1
92.6
62.3
* 53.0
A rticle V I I .......
1
3
1
4
..15
1 ,0 8 6 1 2 ,4 0
8 4 ,4 2 6 6
4 ,0 6
98
2.5 S
5
8 24
5 ,6 3
49
,39
53.9
60.1
63.3
H
8.2
96.8
65.0
A rticle V I I I ......
..16
1 ,3 5 1,6 1 2 ,9 6
62 16 78
1 ,4 4 6 7 2,71
9 3 ,2 7 5 1
4 ,0 6
98
4 ,8 5
89
2,4 8
5
11
,1 5
14
9
1 0 2,6 4
,5 9
2
49
,3 9
46
,2 5
57.0
52.6
60.3
*61.7
66.7
51.7
58.3
75.6
92.7
* 57.5
54.7
79.3
1
7
1
8
32 5 3 7 3 ,6 6
,3 4 ,2 2 5 2
34 1 1 ,7 4 4 ,4 3
,7 9 1 5 6 7
6 ,4 4
27
7 ,3 9
88
4 ,3 3
20
,0 7 36 2 5
6 ,6 3
2 5 2,6 6 5 2
,9 7
68
,6 6
72
,6 8
57.0
59.3
41.4
73.7
58.6
67.7
90.8
74.7
85.3
52.6
77.8
1
9
..20
1,5 9
18
1,3 9
23
1 ,2 3
24
1 ,4 2
29
1 42
29
1 4»
’ 9
11.1
*89.4
*81.6
* 98.3
* 93.7
* 92.5
* 93.6
* 92.8
* 94.4
* 9 .1
2
* 92.8
18.2
17.9
17.4
24.6
*92.7
SI.6
102.2
101.8
* 10
1.7
102.1
102.0
102.0
101.9
102.1
14.2
14.2
14.0
83.5
* 51.9
52.9
* 51.9
* 51.4
* 52.6
* 51.2
* 50.9
* 50.2
* 51.4
* 51.4
74.4
86.1
74.8
88.3
* 65.0
*64.7
* 73.5
*73.1
* 73.3
80.5
83.3
66.3
61.1
61.8
50.6
50.6
73.4 Article X IV ...... ..32
86.5
3
4
76.1
8 2 2 ,1 3 2 ,1 3
,0 0 0 2 8 4
1 ,5 2 9 4 26,76
7 5 ,2 4
8
1 ,7 2 1,4 0 2 ,2 2
38 28 66
4,0 6
98
-
► *
A rticle X I I .......
S3.3 A rticle X I I I ......
..21
o
o
17 1
2 ,35
17 8
3 ,17
18 3
3 ,4 6
19 1
2 ,0 0
19 1
2 ,0 0
1 0 8 19 1
3 ,01 2 ,0 0
10 3
3 ,6 3
1 0441
3,
10 2 19 1
3 ,6 3 2 ,0 0
10 5 19 1
3 ,27 2 ,0 0
10 2 19 1
3 ,5 1 2 ,0 0
1 ,9 6 1 6 8
9 8 3 ,5 2
1 ,8 6 1 6 8
9 5 3 ,52
1 ,6 0 1 6 8
9 7 3 ,5 2
13
,1 9
35
,8 4
3,5 8
1
3,2 8
4
35
,1 4
3,0 4
8
3,2 9
3
3,2 8
4
36
,5 2
3
,178
3,2 0
1
20
,1 5
2
,133
15
,6 7
11 1 9
5 ,2 0
11 2
,0 6
6 5 9,9<
,4 6
4
1 ,2 1
28
858 1 ,72
4 10
84S 1 ,5 2
6 15
8,4 5 1 ,6 4
5 19
8,3 0 1 ,5 8
4 18
8 3 1 ,7 6
,2 4 1 9
8 2 1 ,5 0
,3 2 1 0
1 ,5 8
19
50 2 1
1 ,6 5
47 2 6
2 ,5 0
83 2 0
4 ,5 0
1 ,4 2
29
1 ,4 2
29
1 ,42
29
1 ,4 2
29
1,3 5
43
1,3 5
43
1 ,3 5
43
23.4
* 92.4
90.7
* 101.8
* 101.0
* 100.8
* 101.3
* 101.1
* 101.3
* 101.0
* 101.2
14.6
14.5
14.4
1 ,5 0 5 1 1 ,7 0 1 6 8
4 0 ,2 0 9 1 3 ,5 2
1 ,5 1 2 4 2 ,0 2 1 6 8
7 3 ,5 1 0 7 3 ,5 3
10
,6 0
2
,192
93 2 2
2 ,5 3
49 2 4
4 ,61
1,35
43
1 ,3 5
43
14.4
14.7
17.6
18.4.
14.1
14.3
73.6
87.3
63.4
83.0
75.0
88.0
A rticle X V II....
1 ,8 0 5 2 1 ,6 4 1 6 8
3 8 ,7 4 9 0 3 ,5 2
2 ,8 3 13,7(1 3 ,5 9 1 0 3
33
4 7 7 3 ,5 6
1
,420 1 1
,0 6
2
,856 2 2
,0 7
23
,4 6
48
,8 2
1 ,3 5
43
1,4 8
34
14.4
28.8
14.0
27.9
70.8
63.4
58.3
58.5
72.6
64.2
A rticle X IX ......
36.3
48
,4 0
24 4 0
2 ,7 4
1,4 8
34
28.8
35.0
28.1
95.2
81.6
47
,4 3
23 4 1
4 ,7 6
1 ,4 8
34
28.6
35.1i
27.8
88.4
94.9
87.4
A rticle X X I I. . ..
..40
,9 2
2 ,8 4 4 1
48
65,S4
6
66 1 5,11
,4 6 9 1
6 ,2 2 6 ,1 0
32 85
63 8 6 ,0 6
,2 2 7 0
6 ,6 9 6 ,3 2
19 88
63 0 6 ,8 8
,8 5 0 2
6 ,4 2
63
' °
6,1 1 , 6 ,5 2
51 51
6 ,2 6 6,0 1
34 71
6 ,4 2 6 ,1 9
31 70
1 ,8 2 5,1
46
*4
6
1 ,0 4 2,7 2
79
1 ,7 0 4 5
4 2 ,9 0
3 ,2 7
17
2 ,7 6
99
16 1
2 ,8 8
15 2
2 ,5 7
11 7
3 ,32
6 8 3 ,5 9 1 0 3
,2 2 7 5 3 ,5 6
,3 2 7 3
3 ,9 1 4 1 3 ,3 3
27
10 3
3 ,56
*72.0
*69.8
*72.4
*72.3
64.4
60.4
60.7
* 50.5
Article X V III...
..35
..36
i
20 5
,7 3
42
,4 2
40
,1 3
1 ,0 5
03
0,01
1 ,1 9 3 ,8 2 19 5
52 58
1 0 5 2 19 0
,2 5 ,6 7 6 ,6 9
1 3 5 3 19 0
,5 1 ,6 4 6 ,6 9
6 8 1 ,1 7 9 ,7 7
,0 2 0 1
96
31 29 61
,5 6 ,4 6 ,0 2
40
2
7
4 44
9
1 3 44
0
9
14
,0 6 7 2 1 7
3 ,7 8
1 ,9 6
01
2,2 1
07
2,2 1
07
1 ,2 9
04
32.9
3.3
3.3
16.1
55. l! 30.4
2.4 3.4
2.41 3.4
17.3J 16.0
57.8
7 .6
S
5 .5
S
85.0
57.7
78.0
A rticle X X III...
A rticle X X IV ...
..41
. .42
62,3
58.8
62.7
A rticle X X V I...
..44
2 ,8 9
33
3 ,2 5
04
4 ,5 8
39
8 ,2 2
54
60
,5 5
2 ,1 4
08
87
,6 3
11 6
3 ,0 2
3 ,3 4 1 4 5
0 4 8 ,44
50 2 17 0
,4 9 5,S 2
5 ,2 1 2 9 6
2 7 0 ,6 8
2 6 0 23 1
1 ,3 4 6 ,1 1
3
,950 1 7 5 2
,0 9 ,0 9
5,7 2 3 1 8 0
8 ,0 9 ,8 1
73 18 82
,7 1 ,0 9 ,8 0
10 6 3 ,6 9 4 ,3 8
,6 9 1 9 2 6
3 ,5 0
65
2 ,2 3
91
4 ,6 3
18
5 ,4 8
27
16.5
31.9
24.9
* 82.2
•
1 .8
31
30. 11
21.2j
* 80.7j
17.1
32.4
25.9
*82.6
78.6
60.0
83.4
* 60.6
78.6
65.7
87.6
* 74.8
78.6
58.8
82.6
* 57.1
A rticle X X V II..
..45
-.46
..47
..48
9 ,1 7
77
10 0
0 ,1 9
14 3
4 ,91
12 8
5 ,6 8
11 2
4,31
15 7
2 ,3 5
14 9
1 ,4 9
8 ,9 0
69
4 ,6 6
48
27 2
,0 1
5 ,5 4
35
2 ,5 0
99
6 ,0 5
84
8 ,5 5
05
3,7 1
44
11 6
4 ,83
17 3
2 ,10
18 8
9 ,4 5
12 7
8 ,2 8
29 6
0 ,3 6
25 3
0 ,9 0
19 4
4 ,2 0
23 6
7 ,9 6
1 ,9 5
70
1 ,8 5
86
3 ,4 0
39
3 ,3 8
39
2 ,4 8
94
2 ,9 1
49
2 ,7 3
36
1 ,8 0
66
2 ,4 6
73
2 ,4 8
40
4 ,6 0
06
3 ,1 0
80
4,4 7
30
4 ,8 9
57
3 ,8 5
14
5 04
88
5 .9 4
25
5 .9 4
25
6 ,9 5
09
6 ,9 5
09
7 ,0 2
45
7 ,7 5
11
6 ,2 4
61
6 ,9 9
61
49.7
44.5
61.7
66.7
52.4
56.4
44.5
* 83.5
51.8
46. 1!
66.7
62.5
58.6
64.0
48.11
* 86.8
49.2
44.2
60.6
55.3
51.0
54.6
43.6
* 82.6
68.5
78.7
73.0
83.8
67.5
60.9
70.7
* 68.2
65.3
77.3
82.4
87.7
67.8
54.5
74.6
* 72.7
79.1 A rticle X X X I... ..50
70.6 A rticle X X X II.. ..51
82.7 A rticle X X X III. ..52
67.4 Article X X X IV . ..53
62.7 A rticle XXX V .. ..54
77.3 A rticle X X X V I. ..55
* 67.1
2 ,1 1 38 6 6 ,0 0
35
,8 9 2 2
2 ,2 2 *B 5,4 9
12
*I 9 7
4 ,5 1 9 6 4 ,7 3
03
,2 7 9 9
8 ,4 6
00
8 46
00
8 ,5 9
30
* 71.9
* 77.1 -* 70.5
* 58.3
*62.7
*57.0
*68 0
58.8
* 74.0
* 66.4
* 59.7
* 64.3
* 5 .3
S
59.6
58.6
83.2
81.4
83.7
25 2
8 ,6 6
25 2
8 ,5 6
31 5
2 ,6 0
31 5
2 ,6 0
39 9
9 ,6 8
35 1
6 ,1 2
35 5
3 ,3 4
38 2
2 ,1 1
26 6 35 6
7 ,7 8 8 ,0 4
15 0
1 ,5 5
35 6
8 ,0 4
15 8
0 ,5 9
1 8 0 3 ,9 9 2 3 9 3 3 0
7 ,0 5 5 8 1 ,9 4 7 ,7 5
93
,5 1
54
,5 3
77
,1 0
40
,7 2
1 ,9 9
35
2 ,8 8
08
88
,0 2
4 ,2 4
22
* Indicates a m ajority against,
t Maine became a State on March 15 1 20 hence the voters therein had no part In Massachusetts referenda after 1 9 .
, 8 ,
16
N o te .—The Referenda which became Amendments to the State Constitution are indicated under “ Result in State.”
A rticle X X V III.
A rticle X X IX ...
Rejected...........
Article X X X V II. .
3
9
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
A n n u al R ep o rts o f th e S ta t is t ic s D ep a r tm en t, 189 7 to 1909 In c lu siv e.
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Boston: Municipal Printing Office.
12 to 26 pp.
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative
Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out of print.]
S p ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 2 . Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years.
Office. 1898. 39 pp. 4to. [Out o f print.]
Boston:
Municipal Printing
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 3 . Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1893-97; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 135 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 4. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 147 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 5. Receipts and Expenditures 1870-1900.
Office. 1902. 65 pp. 4to. [Postage, six cents.]
Tables for thirty years.
Special P u b lic a tio n s N o. 6 . Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures 1893-97.
Printing Office. 1900. 218 pp. 4to. [Postage, fifteen cents.]
Boston : Municipal Printing
Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 7 . Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1895-1899 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 8 . Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1896-1900 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901.' 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 9. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1898-1902 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 159 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 10. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1899-1903; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 164 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
S p e c ia l P u b I ic a t io n s N o .il . (Delayed.) Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1898-1902.
Municipal Printing Office. 1910. 310 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw enty cents.]
Tables for five years. Boston:
Special P u b lication s No. 12. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1900-1904; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 163 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special P u b lica tio n s No. 13. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1901-1905; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 161 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special P u b lic a tio n s N o. 14. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1902-1906, with Appendix including Analyses
of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 15. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1903-1907, with Appendix show ing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1908.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
S p ecia l P u b lica tio n s N o. 16. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1904-1908, w ith Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1909.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
M o n th ly B u lle tin o f th e S ta tis tic s D e p a rtm en t.
ten numbers, w ith tables for twelve months.
Volum e II.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office.
Volume III. B oston :
months.
Volum e IV . Boston :
twelve months.
Volume V.
Boston:
twelve months.
Volume VI. Boston:
twelve months.
Volume VII. Boston :
tw elve months.
Municipal
Printing
Volum e I.
1900.
Office.
Municipal Printing Office.
Municipal Printing Office.
Municipal Printing Office.
M unicipal Printing Office.
B oston: Municipal Printing Office.
4to.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1905.
1899.
4to.
Comprises
Comprises eight numbers, w ith tables for twelve months.
4to.
4to.
4to.
4to.
4to.
Comprises eleven numbers, with tables for tw elve
Comprises eleven numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for
Comprises ten numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for
Comprises eight numbers (264 pages), w ith tables for
Comprises four numbers (156 pages), with tables for
Volum e V III. Boston: : Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 4to. Comprises five numbers
twelve months.
Volum e IX . Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907. 4to. Comprises four numbers
tw elve months.
1908. 4to. Comprises four numbers
Volume X .
Boston: Municipal Printing Office
twelve months.
Volum e X I. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1909. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160
months.,
Volume XII. Current: Issued quarterly, arranged by months. [Postage, three cents.]
(192 pages), w ith tables for
(156 pages), with tables for
(160 pages), with ta b les' for
pages), w ith tables for tw elve
Copies of the Publications named in the foregoing list w ill be mailed to any address on receipt of the price of postage.
A ddress:
Edw
M. H a r t w e l l , Secretary,
Statistics Department.
73, City Hall.
Boston, Mass.
ard
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CITY
OF
BOSTON
S TA TIS T IC S
DEPARTMENT
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC.,
IN
N EW ENGLAND AND BOSTON
BY
DR. E DW AR D
M.
HARTWELL
Secretary of Sta tistics Departm ent
[R
e p r in t e d
fr o m
B
u l l e t in
o f
t h e
St
a t is t ic s
CI TY O F
PRINT ING
D
e p a r t m e n t
,
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
1 9
1 4
V
o l
.
X V ., - N
o s
. 7
9
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CONTENTS OF APPENDIX OF MONTHLY BULLETIN OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
VOLUME IX .— 1 907.
N o s.
1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
Massachusetts cities in 1906 ; Boston Population Statistics (1905) by Wards.
N os. 4 -5 - 6 . Ju n e. Summary of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, City of Boston, for Five years, Ending January 31,
1903; Summary of Income and Outgo, by Classes of Expenditure, for Same Period.
N o s. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1900-1907 ; Comparative Statistics of Population of the Metropolitan D istrict,
1875-1905 ; Property of Institutions and Societies Exempted from Taxation in the Cities of M assachusetts and in the
Metropolitan D istrict, 1905.
N os. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1907 ; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1907; Comparative Financial
Statistics of Cities, 1905.
VOLUME X .— 1 9 0 8 .
N o s. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
Cities of M assachusetts in 1907 ; Foreign Commerce of the United States, 1898-1907.
N o s. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . Comparative Statistics of Cities, 1905.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. M etropolitan D istrict Financial Statistics, 1906.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1908; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1908 ; Borrowing from Municipal
Trust Funds ; Boston School Census, 1908.
VOLUME XI__ 1 9 0 9 .
N o s. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
the Cities of Massachusetts in 1908; Population (1895-1905), N et Debt and Valuation (1908) of Metropolitan
D istricts.
N o s. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e. Population and Social Statistics of Metropolitan D istrict, 1905,
N os. 7 - 8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1909.
N os. 1 0-11= 1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1909; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1909; Boston and the County of
Suffolk, 1643-1905; V otes in M assachusetts and Boston on State Referenda, and for Governor, 1780-1907.
VOLUME XII.— 1910.
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for the
Cities of M assachusetts in 1909.
N os. 4-5= 6. J u n e . The Growth of Boston in Population, Area, Etc.
N o s. 7= 8-9. S ep te m b e r . Boston School Census, 1910; Population of Boston by Wards, in 1895, 1900, 1905 and 1910, w ith
Changes and Percentages; Population by Election Precincts in 1910; Population of Metropolitan District, 1875-1910,
w ith Changes every Five Years; A ssessed Valuation and N et Municipal Debt in M etropolitan District, 1905-1909;
Outline Ward Map of Boston, Showing Population in 1910, Changes Since 1905 and Percentage in Each Ward.
N os. 10-11-12. D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1910; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1910; Growth of the Cities of
M assachusetts.
VOLUME X III.— 1911.
N os. 1=2-3.
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
the Cities of M assachusetts in 1910; Boston’s A nnexations and Their Results.
N os. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e . Boston and its Annexed D istricts; Population of Thirty Principal Cities, in 1910, 1900 and 1890, w ith Rank
and Percentage of Increase.
N os. 7=8=9. S e p tem b er. Boston School Census, 1911; Comparative Statistics of the Metropolitan Districts, 1900 and 1910.
N os. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables for the year 1911; Comparative Interest in Referenda and Election Contests,
1890-1911.
VOLUME XIV_ 1 912.
_
N os. 1 - 2 - 3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Funded Debt, w ith other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
Cities of Massachusetts in 1911; Comparative Interest in Referenda and Election Contests, 1890-1911, Second Article;
Changes Effected by Amendments of the State Constitution; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, 1911, by months.
N os. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . Public Markets in Boston; Foreign Commerce of the Principal Ports of the U nited States for 10 years,
1903-1912.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1912; Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston.
N o s. 10-1 1 =12. D ecem b er. Summary Tables for the year 1912; Comparative Statistics of New England, Massachusetts and
Boston, Second Article.
VOLUME X V . - 1 913.
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
N os. 4= 5-6.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 .
M arch. Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston, Third A rticle.
J u n e . Population, V aluation, Tax Rate and Funded Debt, w ith other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for Cities
of M assachusetts in 1912; Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston, Fourth Article; Receipts of Milk
in Boston by Rail, for Year 1912, by Months.
S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1913; Banks and Banking, Industries, Wealth, etc., in New England and Boston.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CITY
OF
STATISTICS
BOSTON
|
DEPARTMENT
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC.,
IN
N EW ENGLAND AND BOSTON
BY
DR. E DW AR D
M, HARTWELL
Secretary of Statistics Department
[R e p r in te d
fr o m
B u lle tin
o f th e
S t a t i s t i c s D e p a r t m e n t , V o l. X V .,- N o s .
CI TY OF
P RINT ING
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
1 9 14
7 -9 ]
......- 1
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC., IN NEW ENGLAND
AND BOSTON.
BY DR. E D W A R D M. HARTWELL, SECRETARY OF STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
To facilitate comparison of regions and groups of states, the
United States Bureau of the Census divides the country into nine
geographical divisions. Division I., comprising the six New Eng
land States, is termed New England. For three hundred years,
ever since 1614, when Captain John Smith gave North Virginia the
name of New England, New England has been “ on the map.”
Of the terms used to designate the nine divisions, New England is
the most familiar and distinctive as well as the most ancient.
New England, by reason of its situation, climate and history, is
one of the most individual and characteristic regions of the United
States. Thanks to its well defined unitary character, and the
magnitude and solidarity of its industrial, commercial and financial
interests, New England has strong claims to have a regional bank
located in Boston, which is indisputably “ both the metropolis and
business capital of the region.”
The following statement shows the divisional rank of New England
and its percentage relation to the United States, in respect to area,
population, wealth, agriculture, industry and commerce.
1909
W ages..............................
1909
$56.4 millions
I
57.2
Capital invested...........
1909
111.1
I
5 0 .0
Value of products........
1909
293.1
I
5 7 .2
15.3
Year
1910
61,976 sq. miles
IX
1910
30,805 “
IX
2 .2
Persons per sq. mile of land,
1910
Total population.........................
1910
6,552,681
VII
7 .1
Urban.........................................
1910
5,455,345
III
I
«
52.7
Persons engaged i n . . . .
1908
22,078
III
Number of vessels and boats,
1908
14,174
II
15.7
Value of vessels and b o a t s ..
1908
$8,187.5 millions
I
32.6
Value of products........
1908
15,085.4
II
2 7 .9
III
15.6
Shipbuilding:
Wage earners................
1909
1909
1909
6,330
$12,059.5 millions
9 .6
III
11,634.2
III
15.9
Foreign Commerce:
2 .1
Land in farms..........................
104,485
Fisheries:
Value of products........
Per Cent
Rank of U. S.
Per Cei
of U. g
Rank
Wage earners................
Capital invested...........
N ew
England
New
England
Year
Boots and Shoes:
12.8
“
Total value....................
11913
II
$295.6 millions
1913
116.3
11912
Rural..........................................
1910
1,097,336
IX
1910
362
III
4 .7
II
“
9 .1
Passenger Business, N . E. Ports:
2 .2
Number of cities.........................
D uties collected............
6 .9
9 .9
VI
27.7
-
IV
II
179.3
1913
105.7
15.1
T otal................................
W ith 100,000 or more...........
1910
8
III
1910
34
III
With 10-25,000.......................
1910
61
III
16.3
With 5-10,000.......................
1910
106
III
16.9
W ith 2^-5,000..........................
1910
153
III
13.0
II
6.1
27,177
II
4 .3
Aliens..........................
19.0
163,948
1913
1913
136,771
II
6 .6
Immigrant aliens to New
i 1913
England.................
16.0
W ith 25-100,000.....................
1 1913
U. S. citizens............
168,952
III
14.1
28,756
III
9 .3
Emigrant aliens from New
England.................
2 1912 $10,251,821 thousands
Bank clearings..................
Per Cent of Population:
1913
Banking power of nat’l b a n k s..
In cities......................................
1910
83.3
I
1910
16.7
IX
Resources of nat’l banks,
-
In country.................................
-
Foreign-born population...........
1910
1,825,110
III
Per cent foreign-born to total
population.............................
1910
27.9
I
1912
1912
1 Fiscal year ending June 30.
IV
6.1
782,561
IV
9.1
906,046
IV
8 .3
2 Fiscal year ending September 30.
13.5
POPULATION, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, 1910
-
W ealth............................................
1904
V
8 .3
Farming implements, e tc .. . .
1904
38 .4
IX
4 .5
Manufacturing mach’y, etc..
1904
477.1
III
W ith C hange from 1900
A. T o ta l P op u lation
•
14.5
$8,823.3 millions
Value of farm property.............
1910
867.2
V III
2 .1
Value of all farm crops..............
1909
141.0
IX
2 .6
IV
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
I n crease
Total
Population,
1910
Number
fr o m
1900
9 .4
Manufactures:
Number of establishments. .
91,972,266
1909
25,351
15,977,691
Per Cent
21.0
Atlantic States:
Persons engaged......................
1909
1,212,158
III
15.8
Wage earners...........................
Primary horse power.............
1909
1,101,290
III
16.6
I.
New E ngland.............................................
6,552,681
960,664
17.2
1909
2,715,121
III
14.5
II.
Middle A tlantic.........................................
19,315,892
3,861,214
2 5 .0
Capital invested......................
1909
III
13.6
W ages.........................................
1909
III
V.
South A tlantic................. ..........................
16.3
12,194,895
1,751,415
16.8
38,063,468
6,573,293
20.9
$2,503.9 millions
557.6
Value of products...................
1909
2,670.1
“
III
12.9
Value added by manufacture,
1909
1,193.8
“
III
13.9
Central States:
Cotton Manufactures:
Wage earners...........................
1909
W ages.........................................
1909
188,984
I
$77.2 millions
58.1
E ast North Central..................................
18,250,621
2,265,040
14.2
IV.
4 9 .9
I
w
III.
West North Central.................................
11,637,921
1,290,498
12.5
Capital invested......................
1909
375.8
“
I
4 5 .7
VI.
E ast South Central..................................
8,409,901
862,144
11.4
Value of products...................
1909
316.5
“
I
50.4
VII.
W est South C entral.................................
8,784,534
2,252,244
34.5
Woolen Manufactures:
Wage earners...........................
1909
I
63.5
47,082,977
6,669,926
16.5
Wages.........................................
1909
$48.2 millions
I
6 6 .5
Capital invested......................
1909
264.7
I
61.5
Value of products...................
1909
275.6
I
63.2
107,120
VIII.
(1)
M ountain States........................................
2,633,517
958,860
57.3
IX .
Pacific States..............................................
4,192,304
1,775,612
73.5
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B.
Urban P op u la tio n , 1910
M o v em en t o f A lien s — Continued
I'NCHEASE FROM 1900
Urban
Population,
1910
Number Per Cent
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
United States............................................................
42,623,383
11,013,738
C o m in g To:
G o in g F r o m :
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
N um ber
Per
C ent
N um ber
P er
C ent
34.8
Central States:
III.
E ast North C entral....................
265,355
22.1
52,842
17.2
I.
New E ngland.............................................
5,455,345
965,814
21.5
IV.
W est North C entral...................
54,718
4 .6
9,421
3 .1
I I.
Middle A tlantic.........................................
13,723,373
3,415,656
33.1
VI.
E ast South C entral....................
3,164
0 .3
726
0 .2
V.
South A tlantic...........................................
3,092,153
754,436
32.3
VII.
West South Central...................
14,359
1 .2
1,520
0 .5
22,270,871
5,135,906
30.0
T o ta l......................................
337,596
28.2
64,509
21.0
Atlantic States:
VIII.
M ountain States.........................
22,946
1.9
6,119
2 .0
III.
East North C entral..................................
9,617,271
2,269,260
30.9
IX.
Pacific S tates...............................
55,584
4 .6
12,332
4 .0
IV .
West North Central.................................
3,873,716.
851,052
28.2
X.
7,366
0 .6
1,531
0 .5
V I.
East South Central..................................
1,574,229
387,939
32.7
46,646
15 1
V II.
W est South Central.................................
1,957,456
795,720
68.5
17,022,672
4,303,971
33.8
Central States:
V III.
Mountain States.......................................
947,511
372,179
64.7
IX.
Pacific States..............................................
2,382,329
1,201,682
The following table shows by states (1) the composition, (2)
area, (3) population and (4) the density of population of the nine
Census Divisions of the United States:
101.8
AREA, POPULATION AND DENSITY BY CENSUS
DIVISIONS AND STATES, 1910
C.
Foreign=born P o p u la tio n , 1910
Area
Total
Foreignborn,
1910
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
Number
+3,174,610
+ 3 0 .7 0
C hange
fr o m
1900
an d
I.
New E ngland.......................................
Per
Square
Mile
1,825,110
+379,873
Per
Cent
Number
Per
Cent
2,973,890
100.0
91,972,266
100.0
30.9
61,976
2 .1
6,552, ,681
7 .1
105.7
Atlantic States:
Atlantic States:
I.
D e n s it y
Square
Mil«s
United S tates.............................
United States......................................................
P o p u l a t io n
St a t e s
Per Cent
13,515,886
D iv is io n s
New E ngland...............
+ 2 6 .2 8
1.
M aine..................
29,895
742, 371
24.8
N . Hampshire. .
9,031
430, 572
4 7.7
II.
Middle A tlantic...................................
4,851,173
+1,533,614
+ 4 6 .2 3
2.
V.
South A tlantic.....................................
299,994
+83,964
+ 3 8 .8 7
3.
Vermont.............
9,124
355, 956
39.0
4.
M assachusetts..
8,039
3,366, 416
418.8
T otal.............................................................
6,976,277
+1,997,451
+ 4 0 .1 2
5.
3,073,766
East North Central...........................
+448,540
+.17.09
1,067
542, 610
508.5
C onnecticut.. . .
4,820
1,114, 756
231.3
II. Middle A tlantic...........
Central States:
III.
Rhode Island. . .
6.
100,000
3 .4
19,315, 892
2 1 .0
193.2
1,616,695
W est North Central..........................
+83,447
+ 5 .4 4
New Y ork.........
47,654
9,113, 614
191.2
2.
New Jersey. . . .
7,514
2,537, 167
337.7
3.
Penn sylvan ia...
44,832
V. South A tlantic.............
IV.
1.
269,071
VI.
E ast South C entral............................
87,825
— 2,743
—3.03
VII.
West South Central...........................
352,192
+85,105
+ 3 1 .8 6
7,665, ,111
9 .0
12,194, 895
171.0
13.3
4 5 .3
1.
D elaw are...........
1,965
202,,322
453,322
+151,353
+ 5 0 .1 2
2.
M aryland...........
9,941
1,295, ,346
130.3
+ 7 5 .5 9
3.
D . of Columbia,
60
331, 069
5,517.8
Virginia..............
40,262
2,061, ,612
51.2
W est Virginia...
24,022
1,221,,119
50.8
6.
North Carolina.
48,740
2,206, ,287
4 5 .3
South Carolina..
30,495
1,515, ,400
4 9 .7
8.
Georgia...............
58,725
2,609, ,121
44.4
9.
Pacific States.......................................
+ 1 3 .6 0
7.
IX .
Mountain States.................................
+614,349
5.
VIII.
5,130,478
4.
T otal.............................................................
Florida...............
54,861
752, ,619
13.7
955,809
+411,457
MOVEMENT OF ALIENS, 1912-13
C o m in g T o :
G o in g F r o m :
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
N um ber
U n ite d S t a t e s .................................................
1,197,892
P er
C ent
N um ber
Per
C ent
Totals, Atlantic States,
II.
V.
100.0
308,190
100.0
III. East North C entral...
14.5
38,063,468
41.4
245,564
8 .2
18,250,621
19.8
74.3
1.
N ew E n g l a n d .................................
168,952
14.1
28,756
M id d le A tla n tic ............................
4 8 .0
139,845
S o u th A tla n tic ...............................
30,815
2 .6
8,452
T o t a l ........................................
774,400
64.7
177,053
(2)
Indiana...............
36,045
2,700,876
74.9
Illinois................
56,043
5,638,591
100.6
M ichigan...........
57,480
2,810,173
4 8 .9
5.
57.4
4,767,121
4.
2 .7
40,740
3!
45.4
O hio....................
2.
9 .3
574,633
431,047
Central States:
A tla n tic S ta te s :
I.
103.0
W isconsin...........
55,256
2,333,860
4 2 .2
117.0
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AREA, POPULATION, ETC.— CONTINUED
Abea
D iv is io n s
an d
St a t e s
Square
Miles
IV. W est North C entral...
1.
D e n s it y
P o p u l a t io n
510,804
Per
Cent
17.2
Number
Per
Cent
11,637,921
Abea
D iv is io n s
Per
Square
Mile
12.7
and
Square
Miles
VIII.
22.8
Mountain S tates.........
859,125
3.1
83,354
325,594
3 .9
97,594
145,965
1.5
103,658
799,024
7 .7
122,503
327,301
2 .7
113,810
204,354
1.8
U ta h ....................
82,184
373,351
4 .5
Pacific States................
318,095
Iow a....................
55,586
2,224,771
40.0
2.
3.
M issouri.............
68,727
3,293,335
47.9
3.
4.
North D a k o ta ..
70,183
577,056
8 .2
4.
5.
South D akota. .
76,868
583,888
7 .6
5.
New M exico... .
6.
N ebraska...........
76,808
1,192,214
15.5
6.
Arizona...............
7.
K ansas................
81,774
1,690,949
20.7
7.
VI. E ast South C entral. . .
179,509
8,409,901
46 .8
1.
K entucky...........
40,181
2,289,905
57.0
2.
Tennessee..........
41,687
2,184,789
52.4
M ontana............
1.
Washington. . . .
Oregon................
California...........
W yom ing...........
8.
3.
Alabama.............
51,279
2,138,093
41.7
4.
M ississippi.........
46,362
1,797,114
38.8
3.
VII. West South Central.. .
429,746
109,821
2.
9 .6
Arkansas............
52,525
1,574,449
0 .7
13.2
66,836
1,141,990
17.1
95,607
672,765
7 .0
155,652
2,377,549
15.3
2.
Louisiana...........
45,409
1,656,388
36.5
3.
Oklahoma..........
69,414
1,657,155
23.9
4.
T ex a s..................
262,398
3,896,542
14.8
Totals, Central States.
1,305,623
The percentage relation of the several divisions to the United
States and of the individual divisions to each other is set forth
summarily below.
Although New England stands seventh as to total population and
sixth as to the number of its national banks,— it is third as to
foreign-born population, urban population, number of all cities and
cities of 10,000 or over, number of wage earners engaged in manu
factures, value of manufactured products, and surplus of national
banks; and fourth as to wealth, the capital, banking power and
total resources of its national banks and the amount of its bank
clearings.
30.0
47,082,977
81,875
4,192,304
10.7
20.4
1.
45 .9
Per
Square
Mile
2 .6
2.
8,784,534
28.9
Per
Cent
376,053
25.7
14.5
Number
2,633,517
M innesota.........
2,075,708
IX.
Per
Cent
D e n s it y
146,201
1.
80,858
6 .0
P o p u l a t io n
Sta tes
51.2
34.5
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF AREA, POPULATION, ETC., BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, 1910
Per C ents of U nited S ta tes, w ith D ivisional R ank
A r e a , 1910
T otal P opu l a
t io n , 1910
C e n s u s D iv isio n s
F or e ig n - b o r n
P o p u l a t io n ,
1910
U r ban P opula
t io n , 1910
N u m b e r op
C it ie s , 1910
P er C en t
U n ite d S t a t e s .....................................................................
R ank
P er C en t
R ank
P er C en t
R ank
P er C en t
R ank
P er C en t
R ank
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
A tla n tic S ta te s:
I.
N e w E n g la n d ......................................................
2.1
9
7.1
7
13.5
3
12.8
3
15.1
3
II.
M id d le A t la n t ic .................................................
3 .4
8
21.0
1
3 5 .9
1
3 2 .2
1
20.8
2
V.
S o u th A t la n t ic ....................................................
9 .0
•5
13.3
3
2 .2
8
7 .2
5
8 .7
5
T o t a l..............................................................
14.5
-
41.4
-
51.6
• -
5 2 .2
-
44.6
-
C en tra l S ta te s:
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n t r a l.........................................
8 .2
6
19.8
2
22.7
2
22.6
2
21.7
1
IV.
W e s t N o r th C e n tr a l........................................
17.2
2
12.7
4
12.0
4
9 .1
4
11.8
4
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n t r a l..........................................
6 .0
7
9 .1
6
0.6
9
3 .7
8
5 .2
7
VII.
W e st S o u th C e n tr a l.........................................
14.5
3
9 .6
5
2.6
7
4 .6
7
7 .9
6
T o t a l..............................................................
45 .9
-
51.2
-
37 .9
-
4 0 .0
-
46.6
-
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s ................................................
28.9
1
2.8
9
3 .4
6
2 .2
9
4 .0
9
IX .
P a cific S t a t e s .......................................................
10.7
4
4 .6
8
7 .1
5
5 .6
6
4 .8
8
(3)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF AREA, POPULATION, ETC.— CONTINUED
C it ie s o f
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
10,000
1910
NUMBER
and
Over,
M a n ufactu res,
POPULATION
WAGE EARNERS
1909
W ealth,
VALUE o f p r o
ducts
1904
ALL PROPERTY
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United S tates.............................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
17.1
3
12.2
3
16.6
3
13.0
3
8 .3
4
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
24.3
1
35.3
1
33.4
1
34.5
1
27.5
1
V.
South A tlantic.............................................
7 .8
5
6.8
5
10.0
4
6 .7
5
7 .4
5
T otal...............................................................
49 .2
54.3
60.0
54.7
43 .2
Central States:
III.
East North Central....................................
22.6
2
22.6
2
22.9
2
25.2
2
22.4
2
IV.
West North Central...................................
9.1
4
8 .3
4
5 .7
5
8 .7
4
15.7
3
VI.
East South C entral....................................
4 .2
8
3 .3
8
4 .0
6
3 .0
7
4 .0
8
VIII.
West South Central....................................
6 .7
6
3 .9
7
3 .1
8
3 .0
7
5 .4
7
T o ta l......................................................
42.6
VIII.
Mountain S tates..........................................
3 .0
9
1.7
9
1.1
9
1.8
8
3 .7
9
IX .
Pacific States................................................
5 .2
7
5 .9
6
3 .2
7
4 .1
6
5 .6
6
38.1
35.7
39.9
N a t io n a l B a n k s ,
C e n s u s D iv i s i o n s
CAPITAL
NUMBER
SURPLUS
47.5
1912
BANKING POWER TOTAL RESOURCES
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United States.............................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
6 .3
6
10.1
4
10.9
3
9.1
4
8 .3
4
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
20.3
1
29 .8
1
44.1
1
35.5
1
37.1
1
V.
South A tlantic..............................................
9 .1
5
8.6
5
7.2
5
7 .3
5
6 .7
5
T otal......................................................
35.7
62.2
48.5
51.9
52 1
Central States:
III.
East North Central....................................
17.7
3
18.8
2
14.4
2
18.8
2
18.9
2
IV.
West North Central...................................
19.6
2
11.4
3
7 .8
4
11.1
3
11 8
3
VI.
East South Central....................................
4 .9
8
4 .1
7
2 .7
8
3 .2
8
2 .9
8
VII.
West South Central....................................
12.1
4
7 .2
6
5 .0
7
5 .3
7
5 .0
7
T otal......................................................
54.3
VIII.
Mountain States..........................................
4 .7
9
2 .8
8
2 .4
9
3 .0
9
2 8
9
IX .
Pacific S tates................................................
5 .3
7
7 .2
6
5 .5
6
6 .7
6
6 .5
6
41.5
(4 )
38 .4
29 .9
38 6
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Per C en ts of U n ited S ta te s, E tc.— C o n tin u ed
DIVISIONAL RANK OF NEW ENGLAND
As to D en sity per Square M ile of:
C l e a r in g
H o u se
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
E x c h a n g es,
1912
P er
C ent
U n ite d S ta t e s ................................
R ank
1 0 0 .0
-
V a l u e o f a ll
F arm P r o p
e r t y , 1910
Per
C ent
R ank
1 0 0 .0
-
Density
V a l u e o f a ll
F arm C r o p s ,
1909
P er
C ent
Population........................................
105.7
In cities of 10,000.......................
Foreign-born................................
67.5
R ank
1 0 0 .0
Rank
II
II
II
29.5
Value of farm property.................
Value of farm crops........................
Year
1910
1910
1910
$13,993
IV
1910
2,277
VI
1910
Manufactures:
Wage earners...............................
Value of products.......................
17.8
$43,082
II
II
1909
1909
W ealth...............................................
-
$142,367
II
1904
A tla n tic S ta te s :
I.
N ew E n g l a n d ................
6 .1
4
2 .1
8
2 .6
9
II.
M id d le A tla n tic ............
6 4 .9
1
7 .2
4
7 .6
6
Y.
S o u th A tl a n t i c ..............
2 .8
6
7 .2
4
1 3 .5
3
T o t a l ........................
7 3 .8
-
1 6 .5
-
2 3 .7
-
C e n tra l S ta te s :
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n t r a l ...
1 2 .7
2
2 4 .7
2
2 0 .4
2
Number of clearing houses...........
.00019
II
1912
IV.
W e s t N o r th C e n t r a l ...
6 .3
3
3 3 .0
1
2 6 .3
1
Amount of clearings...................
$165,416
II
1912
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n t r a l. . .
1 .2
8
5 .3
6
1 0 .0
5
VII.
W e st S o u th C e n tra l.. .
1 .9
7
9 .4
3
1 1 .5
4
T o t a l ........................
2 2 .1
-
7 2 .4
-
6 8 .2
-
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s ..........
0 .6
9
4 .3
7
3 .0
8
II
II
1912
1912
IX.
P acific S t a t e s .................
3 .5
5
6 .8
5
5 .1
7
.007
$1,706 73
1,652 11
II
1912
12,626 84
14,619 30
II
II
1912
1912
National Banks:
C apital...........................................
Surplus, e tc ..................................
Banking power............................
Resources......................................
Inspection of the foregoing tables shows that New England
stands high under most of the heads specified therein, but the rela
tive importance of the region is thrown into even higher relief by
the following “ Density Statistics,” in which the proportion of
population, wealth, value of manufactures, bank clearings, banking
power, etc., to the square mile of land is taken as the criterion of
divisional rank.
The density statistics Divisions I-IX , by groups, are set forth
in the following table, from which the foregoing statement relating
to New England is derived.
DENSITY STATISTIC S, BY CENSUS D IVISIO N S, PER SQUARE MILE OF LAND, W ITH RANK
A r e a , 1910
P opulation, 1910
C ensus D ivisions
Total
Square Miles
United S tates......................................................................
Rank
Total,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
In Cities of
10,000
Per
Square Mile
Rank
Foreignborn,
Rank
Per
Square Mile
2,973,890
-
3 0 .9
-
11.48
-
4 .5 4
-
Atlantic States:
I.
New England.......................................................
61,976
9
105.7
2
67.47
2
29.45
2
II.
Middle A tlantic...................................................
100,000
8
193.2
1
120.60
1
48.51
1
V.
South A tlantic......................................................
269,071
5
45.3
5
8.66
4
1.11
6
T otals...........................................................................
431,047
-
88.5
-
43.08
-
16.18
-
Central States:
III.
East North Central............................................
245,564
6
74.3
3
31.40
3
12.52
3
IV.
W est North Central............................................
510,804
2
22.8
6
5.5 5
7
3.17
4
VI.
East South C entral.............................................
179,509
7
46 .8
4
6 .1 7
6
0.49
9
VII.
W est South Central............................................
429,748
3
20.4
7
3 .1 0
8
0 .8 2
7
T otals...........................................................................
1,365,623
-
34.5
-
9.51
-
3.7 6
-
VIII.
Mountain States..................................................
859,125
1
3 .1
9
0.69
9
0.53
8
IX .
Pacific S ta tes........................................................
318,095
4
13.2
8
6.3 2
5
3 .0 0
5
(5 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DENSITY STATISTICS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS — CONTINUED
V alue of F arms and C rops, 1910
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
F arms,
Per
Square Mile
Rank
$13,783 78
M anufactures , 1909
Crops,
Wage Earners,
Per
Rank
Per
Rank
Square Mile
Square Mile
$1,845 11
2.22
Value of
Products,
Rank
Per
Square Mile
$6,951 18
Atlantic States:
13,993 17
4
2,276 91
6
17.77
2
43,082 24
2
29,595 89
2
4,162 49
1
22 08
1
71,417 61
1
10,968 11
6
2,758 03
5
2.46
4
5,133 17
4
$15,724 57
$3,014 68
9.21
$25,967 03
Central States:
41,207 70
2
6 16
3
21,223 40
3
26,498 05
3
2,830 65
4
0 73
6
3,531 49
5
5
3,071 06
3
1.46
5
3,512 29
o
8,931 22
West North Central............................................
4,549 45
12,159 68
IY
1
7
1,462 13
7
0.48
8
1,455 38
8
$21,730 28
$2,740 67
1.72
$6,056 97
2,045 77
9
190 77
9
0 09
9
423 68
9
8,741 04
8
883 63
8
0.67
7
2,651 76
7
W ealth , 1904
N ational B anks,
1912
C learing- H ouses, 1912
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
Per
Square Mile
Rank
$36,014 88
Number,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
.00005
Exchanges,
Per
Square Mile
Rank
$5,666 19
Number,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
.002
Atlantic States:
142,366 81
2
.00019
2
165,415 98
2
007
2
294,782 82
1
.00022
1
1,092,924 89
1
.015
1
10,968 11
5
.00006
5
17,729 34
6
.002
5
$107,270 18
.00012
$288,401 87
.006
Central States:
97,695 12
3
87,357 07
3
.005
3
4
.00004
6
20,864 26
4
.003
4
23,870 52
West South Central............................................
.00014
32,948 58
VII
3
6
.00007
4
10,954 09
7
002
5
13,420 70
8
.00003
7
7,447 15
8
.002
5
$37,252 70
.00006
$27,295 99
003
4,624 90
9
. 00001
8
1,228 08
9
.0004
7
18,922 70
7
.00004
6
18,423 70
5
.001
6
(6 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DENSITY STATISTIC S, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS — CONCLUDED
N
R ank
P er Sq. M ile
B a n k s , 1912 — C o n tin u ed
Surplus
C a pit a l
B a n k in g P o w er
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
a t io n a l
P er S q . M ile
P er Sq. M ile
R ank
T otal R e so u r c e s
R ank
P er Sq. M ile
R ank
$2,884 75
U n ite d S t a t e s ................................................................................
-
$351 52
-
$316 54
-
$3,684 83
-
A tla n tic S ta te s:
I.
N e w E n g la n d ...............................................................
12,626 84
2
1,706 73
2
1,652 11
2
14,619 30
2
II.
M id d le A t la n t ic ...........................................................
30,452 43
1
3,118 51
1
4,148 28
1
40,626 18
1
V.
S o u th A t la n t ic .............................................................
2,308 01
4
332 96
4
253 12
4
2,736 04
4
T o t a ls ......................................................................................
,$10,320 97
-
• $1,176 71
-
$1,357 92
-
$13,234 87
-
C en tral S ta te s:
III.
East North Central............................................
6,552 48
3
801 10
3
551 01
3
8,415 54
3
IV.
West North Central............................................
1,868 39
5
232 85
7
143 36
6
2,543 74
5
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n tr a l...................................................
1,534 67
7
239 86
5
142 03
7
1,753 52
7
VII.
West South Central............................................
1,069 04
8
174 85
8
110 22
8
1,280 01
8
T o t a ls ......................................................................................
$2,415 26
-
$317 70
-
$206 06
-
$3,098 04
-
26 19
9
362 59
9
163 84
5
2,235 73
6
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s .........................................................
302 85
9
33 62
9
IX .
Pacific States........................................................
1,796 90
6
237 14
6
i
CITIES AND THEIR POPULATION, 1910, BY CENSUS
DIVISIONS
C ities of 10,000 ob M ore
W ith Per C ents of U nited S ta tes and D ivisional R ank
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
United States..............................
Total
Number
of
Cities.
2,402
Per
Cent
100.0
Rank
-
Popula
tion, All
Cities
Per
Cent
42,623,383
100.0
C ensus D ivisions
Number
of
Cities
Per
Cent
Rank
Popula
tion
Per
Cent
34,153,024
100.0
-
Rank
Rank
United States..............................
601 100.0
-
Atlantic States:
-
I.
I.
New E ngland...............
362
15.1
3
5,455,345
12.8
II.
Middle A tlan tic...........
499
2 0 .8
2
13,723,373
32.2
South A tlan tic.............
210
8 .7
5
3,092,153
7 .2
1,071
4 4 .6
-
22,270,871
52.2
-
3
4,181,524
12.2
3
24.3
1
12,060,466
35.3
1
South A tlan tic.............
47
7 .8
5
2,329,122
6 .8
5
296
49.2
-
18,571,112
54.3
-
5
T o ta l......................
17.1
146
1
V.
103
Middle A tlantic...........
T o ta l......................
3
New E ngland...............
II.
Atlantic States:
V.
Central States:
III.
East North C entral...
136
22.6
2
7,711,918
22.6
2
IV.
Central States:
West North C entral. .
55
9.1
4
2,833,028
8 .3
4
III.
E ast North C entral...
522
2 1 .7
1
9,617,271
2 2 .6
-
VI.
E ast South Central. . .
25
4 .2
8
1,107,731
3 .3
8
IV.
W est North C entral...
282
11.8
4
3,873,716
9.1
4
VII.
West South Central.. .
40
6 .7
6
1,330,471
3 .9
7
VI.
E ast South Central. . .
125
5 .2
7
1,574,229
3 .7
8
VII.
W est South C entral.. .
190
7 .9
6
1,957,456
4 .6
7
T o ta l......................
256
42.6
-
12,983,148
38.1
-
T o ta l......................
1,119
4 6 .6
-
17,022,672
40.0
-
VIII.
M ountain S tates.........
18
3 .0
9
588,969
1.7
9
VIII.
M ountain S ta tes.........
97
4 .0
9
947,511
2 .2
9
IX.
Pacific S tates................
31
5 .2
7
2,009,795
5 .9
6
IX.
Pacific S tates................
115
4 .8
8
2,382,329
5 .6
6
N o t e .— Places of 2,500 inhabitants and upwards are classed as urban (as dis
tinguished from rural), and for convenience are called cities, in the publications
of the U. S. Census Bureau.
(7 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NATIONAL BANKS,* 1912, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS
W ith Per C ents o f U n ited S ta tes and D ivisional Rank
(v
a lu e s
sta te d
Number
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
Per Cent
in
)
th o u s a n d s
Rank
Banking
Power
Rank
Per Cent
Total
Resources
Per Cent
Rank
7,391
United States...............................................................
100.0
-
$8,578,930
100.0
-
$10,958,294
100.0
-
Atlantic States:
I.
New England................................................
463
6 .3
6
782,561
9.1
4
906,046
8 .3
4
II.
M iddle A tlantic............................................
1,503
20.3
1
3,045,243
35.5
1
4,062,618
37.1
1
V.
South A tlantic...............................................
670
9.1
5
621,020
7 .2
5
736,188
6 .7
5
T o ta l.......................................................
2,636
35.7
-
$4,448,824
51.8
-
$5,704,852
52.1
-
Central States:
III.
East North Central.....................................
1,307
17.7
3
1,609,054
18.8
2
2,066,554
18.9
2
IV.
West North Central....................................
1,448
19.6
2
954,379
11.1
3
1,299,353
11.8
3
VI.
East South Central......................................
363
4 .9
8
275,487
3 .2
8
314,773
2 .9
8
VII.
West South Central.....................................
897
12.1
4
459,417
5 .4
7
550,081
5 .0
7
T o ta l.......................................................
4,015
54.3
-
$3,298,337
38.5
-
$4,230,761
38.6
-
VIII.
Mountain S tates..........................................
348
4 .7
9
260,183
3 .0
9
311,507
2 .8
9
IX.
Pacific S tates.................................................
392
5 .3
7
571,586
6 .7
6
711,174
6 .5
6
* These are the comptroller’s figures for the year ending September 30, 1912; not for June 14, 1912.
BANK CLEARINGS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS
C apital, S u rp lu s, e tc ., of N a tio n a l B anks, * 1912
(v
a lu e s
s ta te d
in
t h o u s a n d s
In Y ear E n d in g S ep tem b er 30, 1912
)
(v
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
Capital
Surplus,
etc.
Banking
Power
a l u e s
Total
Resources
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
United States................................. $1,045,394
1941,347
$8,578,930
$10,958,294
782,561
906,046
United States..........................
Atlantic States:
I.
New E ngland..................
105,776
102,391
11.
Middle A tlantic.............
311,851
414,828
3,045,243
4,062,618
V.
South A tlan tic................
89,591
68,108
621,020
736,188
T o ta l.........................
$507,218
$585,327
$4,448,824
$5,704,852
Number
Clear
ing
Houses
in
Per
Cent
151 100.0
th o u s a n d s
Rank
-
)
Total
Clearings
Per
Cent
$168,506,362
100.0
-
4
Rank
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...........
12
7 .9
7
10,251,821
6.1
II.
Middle A tlantic. . . .
22
14.6
2
109,292,489
64.9
1
V.
South A tlan tic.........
16
10.6
4
4,770,451
2 .8
6
T o ta l..................
50
33.1
-
$124,314,761
73.8
-
Central States:
III.
East North Central. . . .
196,722
135,309
1,609,054
2,066,554
IV.
W est North C entral.. . .
118,941
73,228
954,379
1,299,353
VI.
East South C entral. . . .
43,057
25,495
275,487
314,773
VII.
West South Central. . . .
75,142
47,366
459,417
550,081
T o ta l.........................
$433,862
$281,398
$3,298,337
$4,230,761
VIII.
Mountain States............
28,882
22,504
260,183
311,507
IX.
Pacific S ta tes..................
75,432
52,118
571,586
711,174
* These are the comptroller’s figures for the year ending September 30, 1912;
not for June 14.
s ta te d
Central States:
III.
35
23.2
1
21,451,751
12.7
2
W est North Central,
19
12.6
3
10,657,545
6 .3
3
VI.
E ast South Central,
13
8 .6
6
1,966,357
1.2
8
VII.
W est South Central,
11
7.3
8
3,200,3S5
1.9
7
T o ta l..................
78
51.7
-
$37,276,038
22.1
-
VIII.
M ountain S tates. . .
9
5.9
9
1,055,075
0 .6
9
IX.
(8 )
E ast North Central,
IV.
Pacific S tates............
14
9 .3
5
5,860.488
3 .5
5
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NATIONAL BANKS IN NEW ENGLAND, ETC., W ITH PER CENTS
C o n d itio n , as of J u n e 14, 1912
A b so lu te N um bers
w it h
Va l u e s S t a t e d
T h o u sa n d s
in
P e r C ents
C a p ita l
N um ber
S u rp lu s,
etc.
D e p o s its
C irc u la
tio n
B a n k in g
Pow er
N um ber
of
C a p ita l
U . S.
N ew E n g la nd , E tc.
an d o f
S u rp lu s,
etc.
D e p o s its
Circu;la tio n
B a n k in g
Pow er
U n ite d S t a t e s . ............................
7,368
$1,032,961
$950,551
$5,882,020
$708,691
$8,574,223
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
N ew E n g l a n d .........................
464
99,772
101,037
519,892
62,595
783,296
6.30
9.66
10.63
8.84
8 .83
9.14
2.55
5.37
6.55
5.71
4 14
5 63
100.00
100.00
100.00
100 00
100 00
100 00
M a in e ................................. ..
70
7,850
6,189
43,775
5,891
63,705
15.09
7.87
6.13
8.42
9.41
8.13
N ew H a m p s h ire ................
56
5,235
4,515
19,123
4,942
33,815
12.07
5.25
4.47
3.68
7.90
4.32
V e r m o n t...............................
50
5,160
3,883
18,729
4,671
32,443
10.78
5.17
3.84
3.60
7.46
4 .1 4
M a s s a c h u s e tts ...................
188
55,438
62,276
336,022
29,361
483,097
40.51
55.56
61.64
64.63
46.91
61.68
R h o d e I s la n d .....................
22
6,775
6,740
31,334
4,690
49,539
4 .7 4
6.79
6.67
6.03
7.49
6.32
C o n n e c tic u t........................
78
19,314
17,434
70,909
13,040
120,697
16.81
19.36
17.25
13.64
20.83
15.41
BANKING POWER OF ALL BANKS IN NEW ENGLAND
On J u n e 14, 1912
(v
a lu e s
s ta te d
in
th o u s a n d s
BANK CLEARINGS, NEW ENGLAND CITIES
In Year E nding S ep tem b er 30, 1912
)
Total
Clearings
Per Cent
of U. S.
United S tates...........................................................
$168,506,362,000
New England.......................................................
10,251,821,000
6.08
Portland................................................
113,317,000
0 .0 7
Bangor...................................................
24,969,000
0.01
T otal..................................................
$138,286,000
0.08
B oston...................................................
8,865,807,000
* 5 .2 6
Worcester.............................................
136,129,000
0.08
3.
Springfield............................................
119,104,000
0 .0 7
4.
Fall River.............................................
59,372,000
0.04
5.
New Bedford.......................................
51,846,000
0.03
6.
H olyoke................................................
33,891,000
0 .0 2
7.
Lowell....................................................
29,579,000
0 .0 2
T otal..................................................
$9,295,728,000
5.52
426,301,000
0 .2 5
Estimated
Population,
1912
Number
of
Banks
United States..........................
95,731,000
25,160
$2,002,642
$2,162,272
New England......................
6,750,000
1,083
144,504
265,400
1.
M aine...............................
753,000
163
11,265
18,467
2.
New Hampshire............
435,000
120
6,449
14,079
V erm ont...........................
358,000
96
6,635
M assachusetts...............
3,481,000
441
78,600
159,467
Rhode Island..................
563,000
56
15,194
21,403
1.
Connecticut....................
1,160,000
207
26,361
42,355
2.
100.00
9,629
Capital
Total
Banking
Power
Deposits
Surplus and
Undivided
Profits
Maine:
Massachusetts:
Banking
Power
Per Capita
United S tates..........................
$17,040,203
$708,691
$21,913,807
$228 91
New England......................
2,449,411
62,595
2,921,910
432 88
M aine...............................
179,964
5,891
215,586
286 30
New Hampshire............
118,499
4,942
143,970
330 97
V erm ont...........................
91,270
4,671
112,205
313 42
M assachusetts...............
1,428,263
29,361
1,695,690
219,308
4,690
260,595
462 87
C onnecticut....................
412,107
13,040
493,864
1.
487 13
Rhode Island..................
Rhode Island:
425 74
Connecticut:
1.
Hartford................................................
239,205,000
0.14
2.
New H aven..........................................
152,301,000
0.09
T otal..................................................
*391,506,000
0.23
B an k in g Power, Per C ents of U. S. and New E ngland, 1912
Estimated
Population
Banking
Power
United S tates..........................
100.00
7.05
13.33
M assachusetts................
3.64
* Other per cents of Boston’s dealings, 86.48 per cent of New England and
' 95.38 per cent of Massachusetts.
100.00
New E ngland......................
7.74
New England......................
100.00
11.16
SUMM ARY OF ALL BANKING INSTITUTIONS
As of J u n e 14, 1912
New Hampshire.............
6.44
National B anks...............................
4 .9 3
5 .3 0
3 .8 4
M assachusetts................
Rhode Island..................
C onnecticut.....................
51.57
8.34
17.19
7,368
464
6 .3 0
13,350
21
0 .1 6
409
64.92
Mutual Savings...............................
16.90
1,110
-
-
Loan and Trust Companies.........
8.92
1,292
Private Banks..................................
58.03
630
Stock Savings...................................
1,410
181
12.84
Total Number, All B anks........
N o t e .— T he figures for United States do not include the insular possessions
(Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines).
New England
State B anks......................................
7.38
Verm ont...........................
Per Cent
of U. S.
United States
Number:
100.00
M aine................................
Providence...........................................
25,160
* All in New Hampshire.
(9 )
8*
1,083
0 .6 2
4.30
..............
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
United States
New England
$1,032,960,675 00
National B anks...............................
State B anks......................................
Per Cent
of U. S.
$99,771,950 00
Capital:
Bank C learings in 34 C ities — C on tin u ed
9.66
451,475,806 09
3,194,500 00
76,871,811 79
684,500 00
C i t ie s
0.89
an d
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
Total
Clearings
Rank
0.71
Mutual Savings...............................
V.
Stock Savings...................................
South A tlan tic. .
$4,770,451
(VI)
40,853,427 82
$2,002,642,104 98
$144,504,3:7 82
National B anks............................... $10,858,022,742 15 $906,043,408 93
387,513
R ichm ond...
424,316
29
4.
7.22
W ashington.
3.
22,348,040 33
418,985,771 77
B a ltim o re...
2.
Private Banks..................................
Loan and T iust Companies.........
1.
A tlanta.........
693,934
20
1,893,003
8.34
Total Capital, All B anks.........
9.75
Total Resources:
T otal...............................
State B anks......................................
3,825,612,358 77
27,607,224 55
Mutual Savings...............................
3,929,091,986 91 1,531,023,251 90
38.97
Stock Savings...................................
993,631,303 72
Private Banks.................................. .
Loan and Trust Companies.........
5,107,444,382 27
0 .7
$124,314,761
Central States:
196,940,397 42
7,410,899 07
$3,398,766
Total Atlantic S tates.
0.72
31
III.
Total Resouices, All Banks. . . $24,910,743,171 24 $3,077,123,441 40
12.35
Chicago..............
14,864,498
2
2.
11.85
21,451,751
1.
605,038,656 95
E ast North Central.
Cincinnati..........
1,347,123
10
(II)
3.
C leveland...........
1,101,007
12
4.
D etroit................
1,087,893
14
BANK CLEARINGS IN TEN PRINCIPAL CITIES
5.
M ilwaukee.........
712,965
18
In Y ear E n d in g S ep tem b er 30, 1912
6.
Indianapolis
433,698
27
W IT H
CHANGE
FROM
1907
T otal.
Total Clearings,
1912
Per
Cent Change from 1907
of U.S.
Per
Cent
Change
IV.
W est North Central.
$19,547,184
10,657,545
(HI)
1.
St. L ouit.............
3,978,870
5
$168,506,362,000
100.0
+$14,029,531,463
+ 9 .1
2.
Kansas C ity .. . .
2,630,704
7
New Y ork.............
96,672,301,000
57.4
+1,356,879,762
+ 1 .4
3.
St. Joseph..........
377,712
32
2.
C hicago..................
14,864,498,000
8 .8
+2,598,574,593
+ 21.2
4.
M inneapolis.. . .
1,109,627
11
3.
B oston....................
8,865,807,000
5 .3
+316,984,773
+ 3 .7
5.
St. Paul...............
558,153
23
6.
Omaha..................
817,300
17
United States...................
1.
4.
Philadelphia.........
7,878,577,000
4 .7
+717,516,560
+ 10.0
5.
St. L ouis................
3,978,870,000
2 .4
+798,271,898
+ 2 5 .1
6.
Kansas C ity .........
2,687,970,000
1 .6
+1,024,951,061
+ 6 3 .8
7.
San Francisco. . . .
2,630,704,000
1 .5
+301,623,938
+ 1 3 .0
8.
Pittsburgh.............
2,621,035,000
1 .5
— 73,471,799
— 2 .7
1.
Louisville...........
707,977
19
9.
B altim ore..............
1,893,003,000
1.1
+393,608,478
+ 2 6 .3
2.
M em phis............
403,696
30
10.
C incinnati.............
1,347,123,000
0 .8
— 52,647,100
— 3 .8
T o ta l.
VI.
$9,472,366
East South Central.
1,966,357
T otal.
VII.
(VIII)
$1, 111, 673
C it ie s
and
a lu e s
s t a te d
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
in
t h o u s a n d s
Total
Clearings
Rank
15
H ouston.............
895,665
16
Galveston...........
507,613
25
4.
)
(VII)
1,031,673
3
(v
3,200,385
New Orleans. . .
2.
All E xceeding $350,000,000 in th e Year
W est South C ential.
1.
BANK CLEARINGS, 1912, IN 34 CITIES
Fort W orth. . . .
351,164
34
T otal.............................
$168,506,362
$2,786,115
T otal Central States.
United States......................
$37,276,038
Atlantic States:
10,251,821
(IV)
1.
B oston........
8,865,807
3
1.
D enver.............
455,769
26
2.
I.
Providence.
426,301
28
2.
Salt Lake C ity .
373,560
33
New England. . . .
T o ta l. . . .
II.
M ountain S ta te s...
$9,292,108
T otal.............
1,055,075
(IX)
$829,329
109,292,489
(I)
5,860,488
(V)
96,672,301
1
1.
Seattle.............
584,350
22
554,195
24
2.
Portland, Ore.
585,726
21
Philadelphia
7,878,577
4
3.
San Francisco.
2;621,035
8
Pittsburgh. .
2,687,970
4.
Los Angelea. .
1,093,540
13
T o ta l.............
$107,793,043
Middle A tlan tic. .
1.
New Y ork. .
2.
B uffalo. . . .
3.
4.
V III.
IX.
Pacific States. . . .
T o ta l.
(10)
,884,651
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BANKING POWER, ETC., OF NATIONAL BANKS, 1912, IN SEVEN PRINCIPAL CITIES
New York
( 1)
Philadelphia
(3)
Boston
(4)
Pittsburgh
(5)
43
Number of banks..................................
Chicago
(2 )
10
32
20
24
St. Louis
( 6)
Baltimore
(7)
8
17
Capital.....................................................
$120,452,000
$43,600,000
$22,055,000
$24,950,000
$28,700,000
$20,400,000
$12,290,710
Surplus, e tc .............................................
169,432,925
31,640,828
43,097,444
35,113,458
30,468,424
16,500,379
10,178,314
Deposits...................................................
826,619,519
219,453,781
192,956,638
202,797,994
126,356,073
69,432,003
45,435,905
Circulation..............................................
49,136,913
13,626,493
15,547,925
8,662,232
16,791,132
16,890,385
8,106,856
$1,165,641,357 $308,321,102 $273,657,007 $271,523,684 $202,315,629 $123,222,767
$76,011,785
Banking power.......................................
5,078,976
Population * ...........................................
2,262,758
1,600,000
707,400
600,000
750,000
558,485
$229 50
$136 26
$171 04
$383 83
$337 19
$164 30
$136 10
Banking power..................................
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Banking power, per capita.............
3
6
4
1
2
5
7
Banking power, per capita.................
Rank as to:
* Estim ated population as of January 1, 1913.
LAWFUL MONEY RESERVE OF NATIONAL BANKS
On J u n e 14, 1912
(v
a lu e s
e x p r e s s e d
N et
Deposits
Subject to
Reserve
Require
ments
in
t h o u s a n d s
CONDITION OF ALL BANKING INSTITUTIONS
On J u n e 14, 1912
)
In Six P rincipal C ities
(v
Cash on
Hand, Due
from
P e e C ents
Reserve
Agents
and in
Redemp
1 to
2 to
tion Funds 2 to 1
2
U. S.
U. S.
a lu e s
N umber
1. New Y ork. . . .
1
C i t ie s
168
Capital
in
t h o u s a n d s
Surplus
and
Undivided
Profits
$195,216.7 $448,112.4
)
Deposits
Total
Resources
$3,094,501.2
$4,728,536.4
71
88,375.0
68,158.9
679,243.8
1,182,969.2
104
67,426.5
128,432.4
594,996.2
979,348.9
60
40,100.0
80,606.1
650,554.0
893,772.0
5. San Francisco.
47
45,968.3
36,720.4
310,509.7
492,154.1
6. St. L ouis..........
44
41,700.0
43,985.1
207,652.1
422,502.7
Central Reserve Cities:
1.
New Y ork..........................
$1,213,576
$323,923
26.69
17.21
18.42
2.
Chicago..............................
390,265
97,730
25.04
5.54
5.56
3.
St. Louis............................
121,920
30,337
24.88
1.73
1.72
3 C ities...........................
s ta te d
$1,725,761
$451,990
26.19
24.48
249,659
73,602
29.48
3.54
4.19
27.23
0.33
3. Philadelphia...
0 .3 6
25.70
Other Reserve Cities:
4.
B oston................................
26.80
4 .1 5
4 .4 5
47,149
25.18
2.66
2.68
0.88
0.94
51.91
56.63
7.
Pittsburgh.........................
187,237
Baltim ore..........................
62,390
16,459
26.38
50 Reserve C ities........................
3,659,543
995,881
27.21
4.66
37
33
30
31
—
168
—
20
—
—
71
6
-
59
7
—
104
20
—
-
20
20
—
60
9
?
?
?
?
38
47
8
?
?
?
?
36
44
!
8.
C i t ie s
Total
Number
78,321
Other
Banks
292,203
Mutual
Savings
Banks
Philadelphia......................
Loan
and Trust
Companies
6.
C lasses o f B an k in g In stitu tio n s
Private
Banks
23,080
State
Banks
Brooklyn............................
National
Banks
5.
6,284
1.
37
4 .1 2
2. C hicago.................................
10
41
3. Philadelphia.........................
32
4. B oston...................................
5. San Francisco......................
6 . St. L ouis...............................
New England S ta tes..................
328,428
72,405
22.05
(Reserve City) B oston. . ..........
249,659
73,602
29.48
3.54
4.1 8
T otal New England. .
$578,087
$146,007
25.26
8 .2 0
8.3 0
United S ta tes...............................
$7,050,135 $1,758,599
24.94
100.00
100.00
(1 1 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AVERAGE BANK CLEARINGS IN BOSTON, 1883-1912
B y Five=Year and Ten=Year Periods
F iv e - Y
1 8 8 3 -1 8 8 7 ... ___
ear
P e r io d s
T en-Y
$3,745,035,828
ear
1883-1892.............
$4,281,474,257
4,817,912,686
1893-1902.............
5,589,334.242
1 8 9 3 -1 8 9 7 ...
4,615,479,926
1903-1912.............
7,891,421,024
1 8 9 8 -1 9 0 2 ... ___
6,562,788,558
7,498,870,596
1 9 0 8 -1 9 1 2 ... ___
8,283,971,452
T h ir t y - Y
ear
M a ssa ch u setts, New E ngland and th e U nited S ta tes
P e r io d s .
1 8 8 8 -1 8 9 2 ... -----
1 9 0 3 -1 9 0 7 ...
PERCENTAGE RELATION OF BOSTON
P e r io d .
1883-1912.
$5,920,743,174
Boston is and always has been
of New England. The following statement shows the relation of
Boston as regards certain important interests:
N ew E ngland :
Population.......................
Urban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
Per Cent of
Massachusetts
Per Cent of
Per Cent of
New England United States
1 0 0 .0
7 .1
1 0 0 .0
1 2 .8
1 0 0 .0
13.5
8 .3
1 0 0 .0
Manufactures:
Wage earners..............
Value of products. . . .
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
16.6
12.9
Foreign Commerce:
T h e R ela tio n of B oston to New E ngland
Year
Population.................................... 1910
Per Cent of
New England
Boston
U rban........................................ 1910
670,585
670,585
10.2
12.2
Cities of 100,000..................... 1910
670,585
41 .7
Foreign born............................ 1910
243,365
13.3
W ealth...................................
1904
1,512.0 millions
1904
1,143.7
2 0.8
Manufactures......................
1909
Value of products...........
1909
Steamship Passengers:
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
Aliens........................
Bank clearings.................
Banking power—nation
al banks...............
17.1
Real estate.......................
“
237.5 millions
8 .9
199.0 millions
74.7
129.3
69 .7
81.3
64.9
M assachusetts :
Population.......................
Urban............................
Foreign-born................
W ealth..............................
Foreign commerce.............. ........1912
Total trade...............................1912
Im ports.................................1912
Exports......................... ........1912
“
“
Total tonnage..................
1912
4 .8 millions
1912
2 .9
“
1912
1 .9
“
65.0
Duties collected..............
1912
Steamship passengers.........
U. S. citizens...................
1912
1912
114,824
25,733
70 .0
94.7
A liens.................................
1912
89,091
65.1
Bank clearings.....................
Banking power of national
banks.................................
1912
8,865.8 millions
Wage earners...............
Value of p rod u cts.. . .
74.1
Cleared.........................
86.5
1912
2 3 .2 millions
271.5
“
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.1
4 .3
6 .6
6.1
-
100.0
9.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.4
57.3
58.0
56.2
3 .7
7 .3
7 .8
4 .6
100.0
100.0
53.1
55.8
8 .8
7 .2
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
81.9
64.9
5 .2
7 .9
3 .2
1 0 0 .0
Foreign Commerce:
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
83.9
Steamship Passengers:
34.7
Among the chief cities of the Union, Boston ranks fifth in popula
tion and eighth in manufactures but is first in per capita assessed
valuation, and in per capita banking power. The value of its foreign
commerce gives it fourth place, but in imports it is second only to
New York. In the amount of its bank clearings it is surpassed by
New York and Chicago only.
Banking power, as defined by the U. S. Comptroller of the Cur
rency, equals the sum of capital, surplus and other profits, deposits
and circulation of all reporting banks. Accordingly the banking
power of all National banks in Boston, as shown by the report of
the Comptroller of the Currency, for June 14, 1912, amounted to
$271,424,000.
But as regards the per capita average of banking power, on that
date, Boston stands first among the financial centres of the country,
with $383.69, and Pittsburg next with $337.19, and New York
third, with $280.35.
Among reserve cities, Boston ranked fourth in 1912, in respect
to net deposits held by National banks, subject to reserve require
ments, its net deposits being $249,659,000; Philadelphia, with
$292,203,000, standing third, Chicago second, with $390,265,000,
and New York first, with $1,213,576,000.
In point of bank clearings, Boston is firmly intrenched in third
place, Chicago being second, Philadelphia fourth, and St. Louis
fifth. In the year ending September 30, 1912, clearing-house
exchanges in Boston amounted to $8,865,807,000, or 5.3 per cent
of the United States and 86.5 of the bank clearings in New England.
Similarly, clearings in Chicago were 8.8 per cent of the United States,
in Philadelphia 4.7 and in St. Louis 2.4, against 57.4 in New York.
The bank clearings of New England in 1912 were $10,251,821,000.
or 6.1 per cent of the total for the United States.
1 0 0 .0
6 .9
9 .6
4 .9
1 0 0 .0
Manufactures:
70.3
Entered.........................
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
(12)
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
A liens........................
Bank clearings.................
Banking power—nation
al banks................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.1
94.8
66.3
90.7
4 .3
4 .1
4 .4
5 5
100.0
61.7
5 6
B oston :
Population.......................
U rban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
19.9
21.5
23 .0
30.5
10.2
12.3
13.3
17.1
0 .7
1.6
1.8
1.4
Manufactures:
Wage earners...............
Value of products. . . .
11.9
15.9
6 .3
8 .9
1.1
1.2
99.5
99.3
99.9
74.7
81.3
64.9
5 .2
7 .8
3 .2
98 .6
99.9
98.2
9 5.4
70.0
94.7
65.1
86.5
4 .3
4.1
4 .3
5 .3
5 6.2
34 .7
3 .2
Foreign Commerce:
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
Steamship Passengers:
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
Aliens........................
Bank clearings................
Banking power—nation
al banks................
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
A n n u al R ep o rts o f th e S t a t is t ic s D e p a rtm e n t, 1 8 9 7 to 1 9 1 2 In c lu siv e . Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 12 to 26 pp.
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892-!
Comparative
Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out o f p rin t.]
S p ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 2 .
Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing
Office. 1898. 39 pp. 4to. [Out o f p rin t.]
S p ecia l P u b lic a tio n s N o. 3 . Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1893-97; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 135 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 4. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 147 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 5 . Receipts and Expenditures, 1870-1900. Tables for thirty years.
Boston : Municipal Printing
Office. 1902. 65 pp. 4to. [Postage, six cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 6 . Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1893-97.
Printing Office. 1900. 218 pp. 4to. [Postage, fifteen cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 7 . Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp.
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 8 . Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp.
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 9 . Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 159 pp.
Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal
of Ordinary Revenue, 1895-1899 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
of Ordinary .Revenue, 1896-1900 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
of Ordinary Revenue, 1898-1902 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 10. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1899-1903; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 164 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw elve cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 11. (D elayed.) Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1898-1902. Tables for five years. Boston:
Municipal Printing Office. 1910. 310 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw enty cents.]
Special P u b lica tio n s N o. 12. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1900-1904; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 163 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 13. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1901-1905; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 161 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special P u b lic a tio n s N o. 14. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1902-1906, w ith Appendix including Analyses
of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Printing Department. 1907.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
S p ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 15. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1903-1907, w ith Appendix show ing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. B oston: Printing Department. 1908.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
S p ecia l P u b lica tio n s N o. 16. Same series as No. .15, with Comparative Tables for the five years, 1904-1908. Boston: Printing
Department. 1909. 165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s No. 17. Same series as No. 16, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1905-1909.
Department. 1910. 167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Boston: Printing
S p ecial P u b lica tio n s
Department.
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s
Department.
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s
Department.
Boston: Printing
No. 18. Same series as No. 17, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1906-1910.
1911. 162 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
N o. 19. Same series as No. 18, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1907-1911.
1912. 170 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
No. 2 0 . Same series as No. 19, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1908-1912.
1913. 172 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Boston: Printing
Boston: Printing
M o n th ly B u lle tin o f th e S ta t is t ic s D ep a r tm en t. Volum e I. B oston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 4to. Comprises
ten numbers, w ith tables for tw elve months.
Volum e II. Boston : Printing Department. 1900. 4to. Comprises eight numbers, w ith tables for tw elve months.
Volume III. Boston : Printing Department. 1901. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers, w ith tables for tw elve months.
Printing Department. 1902. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for tw elve .
Volum e IV . Boston
months.
Boston: Printing Department. 1903. 4to. Comprises ten numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for twelve
Volum e V.
months.
Volum e VI. Boston: Printing Department. 1904. 4to. Comprises eigh t numbers (264 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
months.
n
r
Volum e V II. Boston : Printing Department. 1905. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), w ith tables for twelve
months.
Volum e V III Boston: Printing Department 1906. 4to. Comprises five numbers (192 pages), w ith tables for twelve
months.
Volum e IX . B oston : Printing Department. 1907. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), w ith tables for twelve
months.
Volum e X . Boston: Printing Department. 1908. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), w ith tables for twelve
m on th s.
Volume XI. Boston: Printing Department. 1909. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
months.
Volume X II. Boston: Printing Department. 1910. 4to. Comprises four numbers (170 pages), w ith tables for twelve
months.
Volum e X III., Boston: Printing Department. 1911 4io. Comprises four numbers (168 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
months.
Comprises four numbers (172 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
Volume X IV . B oston: Printing Department. 1912. 4to
months.
Copies of the P ublications named in the foregoing list w ill be mailed to any address on receipt of the price of postage.
Address:
E
dw ard
M.
H
artw ell
,
S ecreta ry, Statistics Department, 73, City Hall, Boston, Mass.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
r
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CITY OF BOSTON
M O N T H L Y
\.
B U L L E T IN
OF
S t a t i s t i c s
jL
THE
D e p a r t m e n t
JULY, AUGUST AND SEPTEMBER, 1913
V o lu m e XV. — Nos. 7, 8 and 9
C onten ts: tables
i. t o
x x i i .;
a p p e n d ix :
boston
sch ool
c e n s u s , 1913— b a n k s
' A N D B A N K I N G , I N D U S T R I E S , W E A L T H , ETC. , IN N E W E N G L A N D A N D B O S T O N .
CI TY
PRINTING
OF
BOSTON
D E P A R T M EN T
1913
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CONTENTS OF APPENDIX OF MONTHLY BULLETIN OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
VOLUME IX .— 19 07 .
N o s.
1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
M assachusetts cities in 1906 ; Boston Population Statistics (1905) by Wards.
N os. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e. Summary of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, City of Boston, for Five years, Ending January 31,
1903; Summary of Income and Outgo, by Classes of Expenditure, for Same Period.
N o s. 7 - 8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1900-1907 ; Comparative Statistics of Population of the M etropolitan D istrict,
1875-1905 ; Property of Institutions and Societies Exempted from Taxation in the Cities of M assachusetts and in the
Metropolitan D istrict, 1905.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1907 ; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1907; Comparative Financial
Statistics of Cities, 1905.
VOLUME X .— 1 9 0 8 .
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
Cities of M assachusetts in 1907 ; Foreign Commerce of the United States, 1898-1907.
N o s. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . Comparative Statistics of Cities, 1905.
N os. 7 - 8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Metropolitan D istrict Financial Statistics, 1906.
N os. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1908; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1908 ; Borrowing from Municipal
Trust Funds ; Boston School Census, 1908.
VOLUME XL— 1 9 0 9 .
N o s. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
the Cities of M assachusetts in 1908; Population (1895-1905), N et Debt and Valuation (1908) of Metropolitan
D istricts.
N o s. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e . Population and Social Statistics of Metropolitan D istrict, 1905.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep te m b e r . Boston School Census, 1909.
N os. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1909; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1909; Boston and the County of
Suffolk, 1643-1905; V otes in M assachusetts and Boston on State Referenda, and for Governor, 1780-1907.
»
VOLUME XII__ 1 9 1 0 .
N o s. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for the
Cities of M assachusetts in 1909.
N o s. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . The Growth of Boston in Population, Area, Etc.
N o s. 7 - 8 - 9 . S ep te m b e r . Boston School Census, 1910; Population of Boston by Wards, in 1895, 1900, 1905 and 1910, w ith
Changes and Percentages; Population by Election Precincts in 1910; Population of Metropolitan D istrict, 1875-1910,
w ith Changes every Five Y ears; Assessed Valuation and N et Municipal Debt in Metropolitan District, 1905-1909;
Outline Ward Map of Boston, Showing Population in 1910, Changes Since 1905 and Percentage in Each Ward.
N os. 10-11-12. D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1910; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1910; Growth of the Cities of
M assachusetts.
VOLUME XIII. — 1 9 1 1 .
N o s. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
the Cities of M assachusetts in 1910; B oston’s Annexations and Their Results.
N o s. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . B oston and its Annexed D istricts; Population of Thirty Principal Cities, in 1910, 1900 and 1890, w ith Rank
and Percentage of Increase.
N o s. 7 -8 - 9 . S e p tem b er. Boston School Census, 1911; Comparative Statistics of the Metropolitan Districts, 1900 and 1910.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables for the year 1911; Comparative Interest in Referenda and Election Contests,
1890-1911.
VOLUME X IV .— 1 912.
N o s. 1 - 2 - 3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Funded Debt, w ith other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
Cities of M assachusetts in 1911; Comparative Interest in Referenda and Election Contests, 1890-1911, Second Article;
Changes Effected by Amendments of the State Constitution; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, 1911, by months.
N os. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . Public Markets in Boston; Foreign Commerce of the Principal Ports of the U nited States for 10 years,
1903-1912.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1912; Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 =12. D ecem b er. Summary Tables for the year 1912; Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and
Boston, Second Article.
VOLUME X V .— 1 9 1 3 .
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
N o s. 4 - 5 - 6 .
M arch. Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston, Third A rticle.
J u n e . Population, V aluation, Tax Rate and Funded Debt, w ith other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for Cities
of M assachusetts in 1912; Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston, Fourth A rticle; Receipts of Milk
in Boston by Rail, for Year 1912, by Months.
W
irom me Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National A r c l ^
St a t is t ic s
73
k v u t i ' A
. M
. c j M
Department,
C
ity
H
all.
* * 4t t i C S , i V E I >
r v .
&*«■ ««>
___
,
/4 A
Res, Bank Org Committee
c *
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c v -
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.
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4 U / t\dU <A+*
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t^ C k .
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[w
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.UL- ...
J".1
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
one
March llth, 1914
Sirs
On behalf of the Chairaan, I beg
to acknowledge t ve receipt of your latter
of March 8th and to advise that tho addi
tional data which you state has boon for
warded under separate cover,will bo care
fully filod in ordor that it may bo considorod by tho Committee when it is detere
inlng the question of the locations for
the Fedaral Reserve Batiks to bo established
Eespeotfullyt
Secretary,
Reserve Bank Organ istation Committee
llr* Bdward M. Hartwell, Secretary*
Statist!ca department,
n City Hall,
Boston, Mass*
rmsszammmmammmmmmmmmmmBBa&ammmmmmmmmmBimmBSimmimmHnnn*
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
I.
II.
III.
IY .
V.
VI.
V II.
VIII.
IX .
X.
X I.
X II.
X III.
X IY .
XY.
X V I.
X V II.
X V III.
X IX .
XX.
X X I.
X X II.
M eteorological Observations:
J u l y .................................................................
91
A u g u s t.................................................................
92
September .
.
.
.
.
.
.
93
Movement of Population:
1. Weekly Mortality
.
.
.
.
94
2. Monthly Mortality
.
.
.
.
95
3. Mortality by Principal Causes, Age
and S e x ...............................................96-98
4. Mortality, w ith Rates, etc., by Wards,
99-101
5. Contagious and Infectious D iseases—
Cases and Deaths .
.
.
.
102
Cremations at Forest Hills and Mt. Auburn .
102
Interments in City Cemeteries
.
.
.
103
Permits Issued by Building D epartm ent.
.
103
Movement of Institutions Population:
1. Total Number Supported or Aided .
104
2. In fir m a r ie s..............................................
105
3. Children’s Institutions — A
.
.
106
4. Children’s Institutions — B
.
.
107
5. Consumptives’ H ospital
.
.
.
107
0. House of Correction .
.
.
.
108
7. Boston State (Insane) H ospital .
.
108
8. City H o s p i t a l .....................................
109
9. City Hospital, South Department
.
110
HO
Im migration S t a t i s t i c s .....................................
Fires, Insurance and Losses .
.
.
.
I ll
Health Department:
1. Bureau of Cattle Inspection
.
.
112
2. Buildings Ordered Vacated or Dem ol
ished
..............................................
112
3. Bureau of Milk Inspection . . .
112
4. Medical Inspection of Schools .
.
113
B. Bureau of Sanitary Inspection .
.
113
Library D epartm ent..............................................
114
Real Estate Transfers and Mortgages .
.
114
Employm ent Certificates Issued by School
B o a r d ........................................................
114
Police Department:
1. Number of Arrests, by Sex and Age,
115
2. Causes of Arrests
.
.
.
.
115
3. General W o r k .....................................
115
Public Schools:
1. Number of Pupils
.
.
.
.
116
2. Pupils in High and Latin Schools
.
116
Receipts of Coal, by Sea and Rail .
.
.
117
Receipts, Consumption and Exports of Flour,
117
National Bank S t a t is t ic s .....................................
H8
Commercial Statistics, Port of Boston:
1. Number and Tonnage of Foreign
V essels .
.
.
.
.
.
119
2. Value of Imports and Exports .
.
119
3. Number and Tonnage of Coastwise
V e s s e l s ...............................................
120
Receipts of F i s h ..............................................
120
Indoor Public B a th s...............................................
121
Public Works Department
.
.
.
.
122
Museum of Fine A rts—Number of Admissions,
122
APPENDIX.
Boston School Census, 1 9 1 3 ............................................... 123, 124
Banks and Banking, Industries, W ealth, etc., in New
England and B o s t o n ........................................................ 125-136
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
I.
METEOROLOGICAL
OBSERVATIONS
JULY, 1913
Compiled from Reports of the United States Weather Bureau, Boston
B a r o m e t r ic
P ressu re
(C o r r e c t e d to
S e a L e v e l)
DATE
T em pera tu re
( F a h r e n h e i t)
D ew P
o in t
R e l a t iv e
H u m id it y
W
Su n s h in e
in d
P
8 A . M. 8 P . M.
M ax.
M in .
M ean
8 A .M .
8 P .M .
8 A. M.
D egs.
M a x im u m
V e lo c ity
T o ta l
M ovem ent
M ean
H o u r ly
V e lo c ity
A c tu a l
P o s s ib le
M iles
P re v a ilin g
D ir e c tio n
Per Cent P e r Cent
8 P . M.
M iles
P e r C e n t,
o f A c tu a l
to P o s s ib le
r e c ip i
t a t io n
Inches
Inches
D egs.
D egs.
Degs.
D egs.
M iles
H ours
H ours
1 .......................
29.81
2 9 .7 4
96
71
84
63
73
60
68
S .W .
21
339
14
11.8
15.2
78
—
2 ......................
2 9 .83
29.92
91
72
82
65
61
50
55
W.
17
237
10
12.7
15.2
84
—
3 ......................
30.14
30.14
79
68
74
58
60
56
60
S .E .
15
206
9
13.8
1 5 .2
91
—
4 ......................
3 0 .14
30.01
93
66
80
58
64
50
55
S .W .
20
294
12
14 .0
1 5 .2
92
—
5 ......................
2 9 .9 3
2 9 .8 0
95
73
84
65
72
62
71
S .W .
17
260
11
10.2
15.1
68
—
6 ......................
2 9 .6 3
29 .56
92
71
82
72
54
91
42
S .W .
24
253
11
5 .9
15.1
39
T
7 ......................
2 9 .69
29.81
72
60
66
46
51
51
53
w .
26
315
13
1 0 .3
15.1
68
—
8 ......................
2 9 .95
2 9 .9 9
82
61
72
46
50
46
51
w .
22
169
7
12.7
15.1
84
0 .0 2
9 .......................
30.07
29 .95
84
61
72
55
58
56
61
S .W .
26
303
13
11.1
15.1
74
0 .0 5
10......................
29.75
29 .79
80
64
72
65
56
90
55
w .
27
329
14
6 .3
15.0
42
0 .6 2
11......................
2 9 .89
2 9 .8 9
80
60
70
54
52
67
48
w .
19
274
11
15.0
15 .0
100
1 2 ........................
29.95
2 9 .74
84
60
72
53
56
57
56
S .W .
23
257
11
13.5
15.0
90
1 3 ........................
2 9 .75
2 9 .6 5
89
68
78
60
58
58
47
S .W .
31
400
17
1 3 .8
1 5 .0
92
14......................
29.72
29 .92
79
66
72
55
51
62
47
w .
29
330
14
12.2
15.0
81
1 5 ......................
2 9 .9 9
30.01
80
62
71
52
52
- 52
52
N.W.
16
217
9
1 4 .9
1 4 .9
100
1 6 ........................
3 0 .0 8
3 0 .0 7
70
60
65
58
56
73
64
E.
14
173
7
1 0 .9
1 4 .9
73
7
1 2 .7
1 7 ........................
3 0 .0 4
2 9 .9 5
80
60
70
58
63
70
77
S.
17
180
1 8 ........................
2 9 .8 9
2 9 .7 3
70
61
66
60
60
77
95
S .W .
17
203
1 9 .......................
2 9 .7 3
2 9 .7 3
87
61
74
64
60
79
52
w .
16
167
7
2 0 ........................
2 9 .7 9
2 9 .8 4
87
66
76
58
60
62
69
N.W.
20
147
6
8
Inchet
T
0 .0 4
—
1 4 .9
85
1 4 .9
—
0 .2 5
1 3 .2
1 4 .8
89
-
7 .4
1 4 .8
50
T
-
-
2 1 .......................
2 9 .8 6
2 9 .9 9
77
64
70
57
60
69
81
w .
19
158
7
—
1 4 .8
-
T
2 2 ........................
3 0 .1 2
3 0 .1 1
86
63
74
60
62
66
70
S .W .
17
226
9
1 3 .2
1 4 .8
89
—
2 3 .......................
3 0 .1 4
2 9 .9 9
86
66
76
61
63
62
66
S .W .
25
319
13
1 2 .2
1 4 .7
83
2 4 .......................
2 9 .9 3
2 9 .8 1
83
68
76
67
67
79
85
S .W .
19
246
10
5 .0
1 4 .7
34
0 .1 9
2 5 .......................
2 9 .8 5
3 0 .0 3
81
65
73
60
48
67
43
N.W.
24
273
11
1 4 .7
1 4 .7
100
0 -0 4
2 6 ........................
3 0 .1 7
3 0 .1 1
83
60
72
51
55
51
53
S .W .
19
240
10
1 4 .6
1 4 .6
100
2 7 .......................
3 0 .1 4
3 0 .1 0
87
63
75
60
57
67
57
S .W .
21
236
10
1 3 .6
1 4 .6
93
2 8 .......................
3 0 .1 2
3 0 .0 6
84
64
74
67
70
89
91
S .W .
16
186
8
7 .3
1 4 .6
50
2 9 .......................
3 0 .0 9
2 9 .9 4
78
65
72
64
73
97
87
E.
13
171
7
8 .3
1 4 .5
57
-
1 4 .5
74
0 .9 1
-
0 .5 7
3 0 .......................
2 9 .9 2
2 9 .9 9
84
72
78
72
68
81
74
w .
39
177
7
1 0 .8
3 1 .......................
3 0 .1 7
3 0 .1 9
74
63
68
55
58
60
84
E.
17
247
10
1 2 .5
1 4 .5
86
—
—
—
—
-
—
—
—
—
—
7 ,5 3 2
—
3 3 4 .6
4 6 1 .5
73
2 .6 9
83
65
74
59
60
66
63
S .W .
-
10
—
—
—
0 .0 8 7
T
otals
. ..
M e a n s. ...
—
2 9 .9 4
—
2 9 .9 2
-
T signifies trace of precipitation.
N ote.—A ccum ulated deficiency of rainfall 3.29 inches, as compared w ith normal, since January 1, 1913.
(91)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
I.
METEOROLOGICAL
A UG UST,
OBSERVATIONS
1913
Compiled from Reports of the United States Weather Bureau, Boston
B a r o m e t r ic
P bessu k e
(C o r r e c t e d to
S e a L e v e l)
DATE
T em pera tu re
( F a h r e n h e i t)
Dew P
o in t
R e l a t iv e
H u m id it y
W in d
S u n s h in e
P r e c ip i
t a t io n
T o ta l
M ovem ent
M ean
H o u r ly
V e lo c ity
A c tu a l
P o s s ib le
M iles
M iles
M iles
Hours
H ours
E.
14
161
7
4 .2
1 4 .4
29
—
58
W.
14
171
7
5 .8
14.4
40
0 .3 7
57
w .
15
169
7
10.6
14.3
74
—
70
92
E.
13
153
6
4 .4
14.3
31
0 .2 1
66
62
N.W.
17
194
8
1 2 .6
1 4 .3
88
—
77
s .w .
18
233
10
8 .1
14.2
57
—
90
E.
15
166
7
11.0
14.2
77
T
179
7
4 .3
14.2
30
-
332
14
9 .0
14.1
64
—
244
10
7 .0
14.1
50
0 .0 4
252
10
8 .5
1 4 .0
61
—
185
8
1 2 .3
1 4.0
88
—
189
8
5 .9
1 4 .0
42
0 .1 8
P r e v a i l i n g M a x im u m
D ir e c tio n
V e lo c ity
8 A .M . 8 P . M .
M ax.
Min.
M ean
8 A . M. 8 P . M. 8 A . M .
Inches
Inches
Degs.
Degs.
D egs.
D egs.
1....................
30.15
30.00
75
62
68
60
68
83
86
2 ....................
29 .93
29.91
88
69
78
67
63
83
3 ....................
29.93
29.80
89
66
78
60
62
59
4 ..................
29.83
2 9.95
72
61
66
60
61
5 ....................
30.09
3 0 .1 4
80
59
70
54
56
6 ................
3 0 .13
3 0 .0 4
82
63
72
58
62
72
30.01
3 0 .0 6
76
62
69
64
62
80
8 ....................
3 0 .1 9
3 0 .1 4
76
58
67
60
62
98
72
E.
16
9 ....................
30.05
2 9 .9 0
85
65
75
64
71
81
76
S.W.
24
10....................
2 9 .9 3
2 9 .8 5
88
66
77
66
65
68
73
W.
19
11....................
30.02
30 .16
72
57
64
48
47
65
48
N.W.
20
12....................
30.27
30 .2 1
75
56
66
48
44
54
44
S.E.
13
13....................
30.17
3 0 .1 4
75
60
68
59
60
74
87
S.W.
18
8 P .M .
Degs. Per Cent P e r Cent
P e r C e n t,
o f A c tu a l
to P o s s ib le
Inches
14....................
30 .18
30.17
70
60
65
60
55
84
76
E.
13
136
6
1 0 .8
1 3 .9
78
—
15....................
3 0 .1 8
3 0 .0 9
77
58
68
58
54
90
60
S.W.
17
169
7
9 .0
’ 1 3 .9
65
—
16....................
30 .04
2 9 .95
89
62
76
62
66
80
78
S.W.
20
209
9
1 2 .3
13.8
89
—
17 ................
29 .95
2 9 .9 3
96
68
82
67
68
78
69
S.W.
13
171
7
10.9
13.8
79
18 ................
29.97
30.01
91
71
81
70
72
77
81
S.W.
16
163
7
7.1
13 .8
51
T
19 ................
30.23
30.30
74
63
68
52
54
63
70
N.E.
21
269
11
12.2
13.7
89
-
20 ....................
30.43
30.42
69
58
64
48
49
56
59
E.
17
216
9
13.7
13.7
100
30.43
30.26
70
58
64
46
52
55
64
W.
22
198
8
13.6
13.6
100
-
22 ....................
30.12
29.92
76
57
66
50
61
60
76
S.W.
24
301
13
11 .4
13.6
84
—
2 3 ....................
29.78
29.84
84
68
76
68
56
94
54
S.W.
26
315
13
9 .0
13.6
66
0 .3 4
24 ....................
29.95
29.84
82
63
72
54
60
62
65
W.
16
200
8
1 3 .2
13.5
98
—
2.5....................
30.05
30.06
75
58
66
40
35
48
29
N.W.
17
221
9
13.5
1 3 .5
100
-
2 6 ....................
30.07
30.02
80
56
68
54
60
66
77
S.W.
26
260
11
13.4
13.4
100
—
2 7 ....................
29.97
29.98
81
67
74
67
64
82
81
S.W.
37
254
11
4 .1
13 .4
31
0 .8 0
28 ................
30.05
30.00
74
64
69
58
61
67
74
N.W.
14
220
9
10.4
13.3
78
—
2 9 ....................
2 9.84
29.78
72
66
69
64
68
92
98
S.
24
253
11
-
13.3
—
0 .5 2
3 0 ....................
29.82
29.95
79
66
72
66
67
92
86-
S.W.
19
233
10
6 .5
13.2
49
0 .4 0
3 1 ....................
30.11
30.17
84
63
74
57
61
69
69
w .
12
160
7
11.9
13.2
90
—
—
—
—
—
—
_
___
___
—
—
—
286-7
428.7
67
2 .8 6
3 0 .06
3 0 .03
79
62
71
58
59
73
71
s .w .
-
-
0 .0 9 2
T
o ta ls.
..
M e a n s . ..
6,576
-
—
9
-
T signifies trace of precipitation.
N ote . — A ccum ulated deficiency of rainfall 4.46 inches, as compared w ith normal, since January 1, 1913.
(92)
-
—
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
I.
METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS
SEPTEMBER, 1913
Compiled from Reports of the United States Weather Bureau, Boston
i
B a r o m e t r ic
P ressu re
DA TE
T em perature
(C orrected to
Sea L evel)
(Fahrenheit)
D ew P
8 A . M. 8 P .M .
M ax.
M in.
Mean
R e l a t iv e
H u m id it y
o in t
8 A .M . 8 P .M .
8 A. M.
W in d
S u n s h in e
P
8 P. M.
Mean
T o ta l
P revailin g M aximum
H o u rly
V elocity M ovement V elocity
D irection
Inches
Inches
T)egs.
D egs.
Degs.
D egs.
D egs.
...........
30.27
3 0 .2 5
84
66
75
62
65
80
74
2 ......................
30 .2 9
30.23
83
67
75
65
63
81
64
S .W .
14
3 ......................
30.17
3 0 .02
86
66
76
64
68
85
76
S .W .
20
4 ......................
30 .12
3 0 .20
73
57
65
56
58
80
100
N .E .
17
188
5 ......................
30 .18
30.17
62
55 .
58
54
52
96
82
E.
12
6 ......................
30 .25
30.28
70
54
62
52
47
75
61
W.
7 ......................
30.31
3 0 .15
75
58
66
57
62
73
83
S .W .
8 ......................
29.91
2 9 .90
86
65
76
68
59
84
62
N .W .
24
9 ......................
30.16
30.36
65
50
58
40
38
51
49
N.W.
23
10......................
3 0 .49
3 0 .34
60
46
53
34
39
48
56
N.
18
11......................
30.20
30.12
60
47
54
39
47
67
70
S .E .
13
S 12......................
30.04
2 9 .9 0
65
54
60
48
52
71
78
S .E .
15
1 ......
P er Cent,
o f A ctual
to P o ssib le
H ours
H ou rs
6
1 0 .3
13.2
78
-
148
6
1 2 .3
13.1
94
-
283
12
8 .4
1 3 .0
65
8
-
1 3 .0
—
0 .0 5
139
6
6 .1
1 3 .0
47
0 .7 0
12
160
7
11.8
1 2 .9
91
—
15
179
7
8 .3
1 2 .9
64
T
215
9
7 .4
12.8
58
0 .2 5
297
12
1 1 .0
12.8
86
—
256
11
1 2 .7
12.7
100
—
183
8
6 .5
12.7
51
176
7
3 .4
12.6
27
M iles
M iles
13
139
|
M iles
Inches
13......................
2 9 .75
29.95
73
52
62
58
41
86
50
W.
26
305
13
00
S .W .
GO
j
Per Cent P er Cent
A ctual P o ssib le
r e c ip i
t a t io n
1 2 .6
70
14................ ••
3 0 .2 5
30 .3 7
64
46
55
35
33
56
47
w.
17
246
10
12.4
1 2 .6
98
-
T
—
0 .1 2
-
15......................
30.56
30 .5 4
59
41
50
32
38
54
56
N .W .
11
179
7
12.5
12.5
100
—
16......................
3 0 .5 9
30 .4 9
65
46
56
40
47
63
66
E.
12
172
7
1 2 .4
12.4
100
—
17......................
3 0 .36
30.07
74
52
63
50
61
73
85
S .W .
19
258
11
5 .0
12.4
40
T
18......................
2 9 .86
2 9 .9 3
77
57
67
65
56
95
86
S .W .
17
192
8
2 .7
12.4
22
0 .4 5
19 ......................
29.98
30.01
58
55
56
54
55
91
97
N .E .
18
252
10
—
1 2 .3
—
0 .3 7
2 0 ......................
30.02
30.05
59
56
58
57
58
100
100
N .E .
18
257
11
_
1 2 .3
—
0 .1 0
2 1 ......................
30 .0 6
29.97
65
58
62
59
63
100
100
E.
18
274
11
-
12.2
-
0 .0 8
2 2 ......................
29 .9 3
3 0 .0 0
77
64
70
70
63
89
94
S.
35
351
15
1 .7
1 2 .2
14
0 .3 9
2 3 ......................
30 .16
3 0 .22
71
54
62
50
44
74
54
W.
15
226
9
1 1.9
12.1
98
—
24 ......................
30 .3 4
30.31
65
50
58
43
46
64
64
N .W .
13
183
8
1 0.7
12.1
88
-
2 5 ........................
30.31
3 0 .2 0
69
51
60
49
47
73
55
N .W .
13
154
6
9 .0
1 2 .0
75
—
2 6 ......................
3 0 .0 8
2 9 .90
78
56
67
57
62
90
85
S .W .
16
247
10
6 .8
12.0
57
-
2 7 ........................
29 .98
3 0 .1 0
68
52
60
42
42
55
53
N .W .
21
282
12
10.6
1 1 .9
89
-
30.16
70
46
58
32
40
48
52
S .W .
19
226
9
1 1 .9
100
30 .02
2 9 .93
76
53
64
50
53
72
64
S .W .
20
265
11
8 .5
11.8
72
—
30 .12
30.12
61
50
56
47
48
73
84
N .E .
21
240
10
1 .3
11.8
11
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
6,672
—
224.4
3 74.3
60
2 .5 1
30.17
3 0 .14
70
54
62
51
52
75
72
S .W .
—
—
9
-
-
—
0 .0 8 4
;
:
30.33
2 9 ......................
C
O
i* %.
2 8 ........................
1 1 .9
-
|
T
o t a l s . ...
M eans ....
T signifies trace of precipitation.
N ote. —Accum ulated deficiency of rainfall 5.14 inches, as compared w ith normal, siuce January 1,1913.
(93)
O c to b e r
Deaths in Institutions
12.1
1 4 .3
1 8 .2
1 4 .9
12 .5
1 5 .4
1 4 .0
1 4 .6
1 5 .6
1 4 .0
15.1
1 4 .8
1 5 .7
1 4 .0
U nknow n
T ubercu
D iphtheria
September
Over 6 Y ears
0
15-9
13-4
15.5
1 3 .0
14-2
1 4 .2
13.5
15.2
1 3 .5
1 5 .0
15 .4
1 6 .3
14.6
1 3 .9
Foreign
Born
A ugust
Under 5 Y ears
2 8 ..
5 ..
12..
1 9 ..
2 6 ..
2 ..
9 ..
1 6 ..
2 3 ..
3 0 ..
6 ..
13. .
20..
2 7 ..
4
11
18
25
N ative
B orn
J u ly
1
1 4 .2
175
179
176
149
165
133
175
164
189
189
194
179
176
152
150
169
152
148
181
148
161
178
141
36
40
42
39
31
24
31
32
36
32
37
24
20
22
32
39
27
29
32
33
20
28
23
21
29
27
17
27
18
16
24
27
20
28
20
18
23
16
24
19
25
28
26
30
16
32
1
2
2
3
5
5
1
6
4
3
11
5
4
3
4
4
1
3
4
1
5
3
4
137
71
94
2
3
36
46
137
161
21
27
16
20
4
6
2
2
2
1
3
2
3
2
1
1
1
128
106
136
93
126
121
122
137
122
130
136
150
131
114
88
75
78
74
69
73
63
74
61
73
76
74
69
79
6
6
2
14
3
4
4
1
6
6
4
4
4
1
36
29
41
36
39
47
27
54
40
53
39
49
46
41
147
132
144
120
137
135
133
136
127
129
142
152
126
136
39
26
31
25
22
16
29
22
22
27
35
27
32
17
13
11
26
18
16
19
24
18
15
24
13
20
17
13
5
2
4
5
2
1
3
1
2
1
4
1
2
5
2
2
1
1
1
-
1
2
2
2
1
1
3
4
133
148
156
128
126
97
145
130
145
148
152
155
121
110
122
138
123
115
133
118
129
143
115
105
128
130
121
102
126
106
107
123
139
131
132
105
126
118
118
122
112
115
127
106
107
115
88
89
260
273
269
225
241
196
245
246
276
271
280
250
240
220
231
250
227
219
253
213
228
248
190
193
1
5
8
5
11
7
7
7
8
8
4
10
7
8
9
10
8
11
7
11
8
10
13
1
143
165
159
137
158
128
148
153
170
168
166
154
161
134
153
156
146
147
169
134
156
149
129
121
234
194
133
101
228
6
222
187
216
181
198
198
189
212
189
209
216
228
204
194
165
196
248
204
171
211
191
200
214
192
207
203
215
192
115
96
113
107
104
122
109
122
106
116
120
129
99
110
107
91
103
74
94
76
80
90
83
93
96
99
105
84
211
181
207
176
193
191
181
203
182
200
209
223
197
189
11
6
9
5
5
7
8
9
7
9
7
5
7
5
2
5
5
2
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
6
5
3
3
3
1
1
4
-
V iolent
Causes
1 6 .8
U nknow n
Jun e
F oreign
Born
(94)
May
50
59
59
42
56
46
46
57
59
58
53
57
51
54
58
52
56
53
47
43
55
52
39
N ative
Born
April
3
14
9
4
5
3
8
4
4
6
4
6
2
1
5
7
1
3
5
Colored
March
115
99
109
89
89
75
101
92
110
107
112
102
86
94
81
102
88
83
86
83
79
106
69
208
229
268
233
274
233
258
255
272
298
276
241
287
236
242
259
232
224
194
216
197
209
208
184
B ronchitis
261
278
277
230
252
203
252
253
284
279
284
260
247
228
240
260
235
230
260
224
236
258
203
194
H eart
D isease
15.4
1 6 .9
1 9 .8
17.2
2 0 .2
17-2
19 .0
18 .8
2 0 .0
2 1 .9
2 0 .3
17.7
2 1 .1
1 7 .3
17-8
1 9 .0
1 7 .0
1 6 .4
14.2
1 5 .8
1 4 .5
1 5 .3
1 5 .2
1 3 .5
P n eu
m onia
1 8 .9
2 0 .1
2 0 .0
1 6 .6
18 .2
14.7
1 8 .2
1 8 .3
2 0 .5
20 .1
2 0 .5
18 .7
17 .8
1 6 .4
17 .3
18 .7
1 6 .9
16-5
18-7
16.1
17-0
18-5
1 4 .6
13 .9
r.
1912
Total
4. .
11..
1 8 ..
2 5 ..
1 ..
8 ..
1 5 ..
2 2 ..
1 ..
8 ..
1 5 ..
2 2 ..
29. .
5 ..
1 2 ..
1 9 ..
2 6 ..
3 ..
10..
1 7 ..
2 4 ..
3 1 ..
7 ..
1 4 ..
M.
W eek
Ot h e r S p e c if ie d Ca u s e s
W hooping
Cough
1912
W eek
W hite
February
117
130
130
112
122
86
132
125
138
130
133
129
109
108
131
114
129
107
130
101
116
134
106
41
51
37
49
38
45
51
39
53
41
46
33
47
36
45
36
42
39
40
40
43
44
37
55
71
53
56
57
55
76
58
71
69
67
57
76
53
58
59
65
62
59
58
58
65
48
89
76
89
68
75
5L
68
83
88
81
81
84
70
69
62
72
85
70
78
53
63
69
71
105
128
106
97
111
74
107
105
105
103
108
91
100
81
107
115
105
97
111
92
106
110
99
D e ATHS BT
A ge P e r io d s
M easles
W eek
Sam e
In
I n f e c t io u s D is e a s e s
T yphoid
F ever
W eek
P arent
N a t iv it t
N a t iv it y
Colo r
Scarlet
F ever
Same
the
2 1 ..
January
C AUSES OF D E A T H
Under 1 Y ear
D E A T H S ACCORDING TO :
losis
For
ENDING
POPULATION
Not Specified
T o tal
Num ber
D eath s
Se x
WEEK
OF
of
1
Dea t h
Ra t e
1913
MOVEMENT
WEEKLY MORTALITY STATISTICS, AS RETURNED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
7
5
1
4
2
2
4
4
2
1
2
4
4
2
5
4
1
1
4
3
4
2
1
4
1
3
3
7
1
3
2
2
2
o
2
3
1
2
5
2
1
2
4
-
32
45
39
23
39
30
31
41
42
31
45
30
29
32
25
40
31
37
38
35
42
28
38
54
49
37
39
40
40
40
38
39
51
46
49
47
50
32
43
25
42
36
35
23
38
19
35
36
46
35
34
35
36
28
48
38
41
36
41
26
39
43
34
30
33
38
34
36
24
6
3
6
4
4
6
5
2
2
7
3
2
5
1
2
3
2
4
3
1
2
4
2
17
15
19
17
13
6
8
19
15
22
16
14
16
11
11
17
14
10
20
14
19
18
14
T otal
112
103
108
95
91
87
89
87
104
118
106
101
109
88
84
106
75
S6
92
88
78
96
59
1913
WEEK
ENDING
January
February
Maarch
April
May
June
1
-
24
25
24
1
13
63
107
96
14
32
23
19
38
24
25
23
30
24
19
30
20
26
22
25
34
20
12
21
12
16
7
13
18
11
17
11
15
18
15
59
2
2
2
4
3
1
3
1
2
2
1
3
3
36
35
27
28
25
21
31
28
25
22
22
20
18
31
28
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
2
2
26
47
1
1
2
3
1
3
1
2
-
16
27
24
26
26
18
22
16
11
18
18
22
9
20
17
88
82
64
75
64
56
61
58
55
54
58
54
44
69
62
114
117
104
103
93
117
114
101
133
116
121
142
158
113
107
28
33
24
39
31
36
45
47
67
44
47
52
67
36
48
52
50
40
64
41
53
58
61
82
59
62
71
81
48
57
73
59
51
59
41
53
37
46
47
49
60
53
62
65
56
107
108
89
96
93
87
113
83
98
83
105
120
107
86
91
21
28
5
12
19
26
2
9
16
23
30
6
13
20
27
July
August
S e p tem b er
O c to b e r
11
N oyem ber
N ovem ber
8
D ecem b er
D ecem b er
1
1
4
11
18
25
1
8
15
22
1
8
15
22
29
5
12
19
26
3
10
17
24
31
7
1
4
18
25
1
8
15
22
29
6
13
20
27
Reproduced fro th Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of th National Archives
m e
e
II.
1.
1913
MONTHLY MORTALITY, AS REPORTED BY THE
J
anuary
F ebruary
March
A p r il
M ay
J
une
J uly
A ug u st
HEALTH
Se p t e m b i
DEPARTMENT.
Oc t o b e r
No v em b er
D ecem ber
To t a l s ,
st 9 m os.
1913.
To t a l s,
1st 9 mos.
1912.
18.58
16.20
18.27
18.11
16.01
18.79
19.07
16.95
19.67
17.03
14.88
17.81
17.29
15.18
15.15
14.99
12.96
13.79
14.26
12.12
14.74
14.37
12.15
14.59
1 4 .9 9
12.47
15.14
tl6 .5 1
tl4 .3 2
-
14.43
16.45
N u m b e r o f d e a th s (in c lu d in g n o n -r e s id e n t s ) ....................................................................
N u m b e r o f d e a th s o f n o n - r e s id e n t s .............
N u m b e r o f d e a th s s a m e m o n th , 1912.. . .
1,138
146
1,097
1,003
116
1,056
1,172
130
1,183
1,014
128
1,039
1,067
130
914
895
121
807
881
132
894
889
137
885
899
151
896
8,958
1,191
-
1,075
8,771
D e a th s of c h ild r e n :
U n d e r 1 y e a r ..........................................................
“
2 y e a r s .......................................................
“
5 y e a r s .......................................................
S t ill- b ir t h s (n o t in c lu d e d in d e a t h s )...........
186
213
251
63
191
235
266
56
182
235
289
66
169
210
257
66
187
228
261
49
121
159
201
70
163
200
229
61
228
270
296
62
218
249
267
58
1,645
1,999
2,317
551
1,683
2,039
2,299
550
S e x of d e c e d e n ts:
M a l e ...........................................................................
F e m a l e ......................................................................
602
536
522
481
626
546
521
493
572
495
480
415
496
385
500
389
488
411
4,807
4,151
4,579
4,192
976
22
5
1,137
31
4
1,036
30
1
-
866
27
2
-
852
28
1
-
854
33
2
-
877
22
-
8,678
258
22
U n k n o w n .................................................................
1,105
31
2
-
-
8,490
262
15
3
1
C iv il c o n d it io n o f d e c e d e n t s :
S i n g l e .........................................................................
M a r r ie d .....................................................................
W i d o w e d ................................................................
D iv o r c e d ...................................................................
U n k n o w n ................................................................
C o lo r or r a c e o f d e c e d e n t s :
W h i t e .........................................................................
B la c k (N e g r o or m i x e d ) ...............................
M o n g o lia n a n d M a la y .....................................
N a t iv it y o f d e c e d e n t s :
U n it e d S t a t e s .......................................................
I r i s h ............................................................................
E n g lis h a n d W e l s h ..........................................
C a n a d i a n .................................................................
R u s s ia n a n d P o l i s h ..........................................
S w e d is h a n d N o r w e g ia n ...............................
O th er n a t i v i t i e s ...................................................
U n k n o w n ................................................................
-
-
-
-
975
34
5
-
483
393
244
5
13
482
332
175
4
10
533
407
212
5
15
498
312
189
4
11
510
340
200
3
14
410
284
187
3
11
442
277
148
6
8
477
253
145
6
8
452
277
161
1
8
4,287
2,875
1,661
37
98
4,191
2,779
1,651
47
103
682
204
33
5
14
90
22
43
11
14
20
611
173
24
8
20
73
23
28
9
24
10
712
176
36
10
21
98
21
45
13
24
16
627
160
29
14
12
77
20
33
12
22
8
664
158
23
12
21
71
37
33
7
24
17
534
146
18
9
19
61
33
34
13
16
12
537
145
21
12
8
53
38
26
7
18
16
575
135
18
8
8
70
22
13
9
20
11
566
148
18
13
15
56
26
21
12
8
16
5,508
1,445
220
91
138
649
242
276
93
170
126
5,481
1,379
205
90
124
641
260
236
75
149
131
299
369
49
18
25
106
70
66
15
18
103
276
313
32
18
30
76
68
56
11
32
91
315
363
40
15
32
97
74
86
19
43
88
291
280
34
20
16
92
75
62
12
33
99
297
321
39
18
30
99
85
59
14
38
67
217
290
30
14
24
78
63
60
14
22
83
228
277
23
16
19
72
75
66
11
26
68
255
258
32
16
12
83
64
47
13
35
74
262
290
20
16
25
77
56
48
10
22
73
2,440
2,761
299
151
213
780
630
550
119
269
746
2,418
2,723
282
139
214
795
703
467
110
222
698
-
N a t i v i t y o f deced en ts’ m o t h e r s :
E n g lis h a n d W e l s h ............................................
C a n a d ia n ..................................................................
R u s s ia n a n d P o l i s h ............................................
S w e d is h a n d N o r w e g ia n ................................
U n k n o w n ................................................................
*T he “ Corrected Death R ate” is ascertained by excluding the deaths of non-residents from the total monthly mortality,
t These death rates for the first nine months of 1913 are based upon an estim ated population of 725,337 on May 15, 1913. The rates for the corresponding period
in 1912 are based upon an estimated population of 712,369.
N o t e . — The monthly totals of deaths, as printed in the above table, slightly exceed those shown in the monthly bulletins of the Health Department, because our
statistics are published later and include later returns.
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
D e a th r a te (p er 1,000 o f p o p u l a t i o n ) .........
^ C o r r e cted d e a th r a t e ..........................................
D e a t h r a te fo r s a m e m o n th , 1 9 1 2 ..................
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
2.
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
3.
M ORTALITY, BY PRINCIPAL CAUSES, AGE AND SEX, AS REPORTED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
SEX.
TOTALS.
AUG UST, 1913.
l
Causes of D eath .
Typhoid fever............................................
4
Malarial fever............................................
Smallpox.....................................................
5
M easles.......................................................
6
7
Scarlet fever...............................................
Whooping cough.......................................
2
8
Diphtheria and croup..............................
4
9
Influenza.....................................................
Other epidemic diseases..........................
Tuberculosis of the lungs.......................
3
12
13
14
15
16
17
1
1
10
19
21
Broncho-pneumonia.................................
Other respiratory diseases......................
Diseases of the stomach (except cancer)
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
4
5
36
41
77
65
1
3
3
24
40
38
50
50
100
117
1
4
3
2
12
9
1
1
3
1
5
11
9
19
12
31
33
21
16
15
31
16
1
2
1
2
3
Diarrhea and enteritis (under two years) 102
Appendicitis and typhlitis........................
Hernia, intestinal obstruction.................
116
72
2
4
1
4
4
44
129
2
7
9
6
6
12
9
1
Cirrhosis of liver.........................................
Bright’s disease and nephritis.................
Diseases of women (not cancer).............
116
5
2
3
7
48
41
24
24
4
4
6
2
Puerperal septicemia..................................
Other puerperal diseases...........................
Congenital debility and malformations..
2
4
2
21
2
2
36
Old age...................................................
Violent deaths.............................................
Suicide...........................................................
37
Other diseases..............................................
10
38
Ill-defined causes........................................
34
35
8
6
3
Pneumonia.................................................
22 a
74
16
11
Acute bronchitis.......................................
Chronic bronchitis....................................
22
90
2
12
Organic heart diseases.............................
20
5
44
3
Cerebro-spinal meningitis.......................
Apoplexy and softening of the brain...
17a
4
46
12
2
3
Tuberculous meningitis...........................
Other forms of tuberculosis...................
Cancer, malignant tumor.......................
Simple meningitis.....................................
18
10
1
2
10
2
55
5
56
7
54
2
63
8
2
T o ta ls , A u g u st,
1913.
228
296
T o ta ls , A u g u st,
1912.
224
279
13
16
141
137
1
10
9
58
2
5
500
389
457
428
885
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
<
1
MORTALITY, BY PRINCIPAL CAUSES, AGE AND SEX, AS REPORTED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
J U L Y , 1913.
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Tuberculosis of the lungs..........................
1
3
4
1
9
3
1
Simplfi mfvningitis.......
Cerebro-spinal meningitis.......................
1
1
1
1
i
8 10
7
4
1
1
6
21
Ohronin hrnnrVhitis,
7
13
5
1
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Diarrhea and enteritis (under two years),
Appendicitis and typhlitis......................
Hernia, intestinal obstruction.............
53
2
9,
8
1
8
14
9
1
7
9
5
6 11
1
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1
1
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9
9
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49
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1
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3
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32
6 3
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21 32
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6
81
9
4
93
10
7
53
3
60
5
5
43
5
36
110
99
4
6
61
49
3
16
1
20
36
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41
18
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26
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61
9
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33
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1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
4
9
9
9,
1
1
1
3
1
53
1
6
9
Other diseases..............................................
Ill-defined causes...............'........................
17
1
T o tals , J u l y , 1913..........................
163
202
4
?
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
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1
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9
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9
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52
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5
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26
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10
3
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6
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1
37
39
30
4
56
4
4
31
23
75
10
70
1
26
3
1
20
6
4
9
6
7
8
11
11
9
3
4
8
9
8
11
1
1
1
6
6
54
1
3
4
4
1
1
1
1
3
3
Congenital debility and malformations,
Old age..........................................................
Violent deaths.............................................
Suicide...........................................................
9
61
Puerperal septicemia..................................
Other puerperal diseases...........................
T o tals , J u l y , 1912..........................
9
1
9
Cirrhosis of liver.......................................
Bright’s disease and nephritis.................
Diseases of women (not cancer)...........
3
1
8
38
9
3
4
36
37
1
10
,
Pneumonia...................................................
22
22c Rrnnp.Tin-pnonmnTiifi.........................
23 Other respiratory diseases
24 Diseases of the stomach (except cancer),
33
34
35
3
1
1
3
Organic heart diseases..............................
Acute bronchitis.........................................
27
28
29
30
31
32
3
1
9
9,
1
7
1
1
1
1
6
?
6
1
4
9
8
1
20
25
26
2
6
1
3
18
19
2
1
Influenza.......................................................
12
13
14
15
16
17
17(
8
1
4
6
11
8
10 99q
93
19
16
11
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17
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91
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34
33
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47
47
43
58
46
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9
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54
51
63 55
56 ' 48
51
52
65
43
37
53
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31
17
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496 385
474 420
8
5
6
6
54
66
1
101
4
76
13
124
9
150
1
881
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1912.
S e p te m b e r,
1913.
S e p te m b e r,
Females.
7
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TOTALS.
SEX.
Males.
9 Years and
0
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85-89 Years.
80-84 Years.
75-79 Years.
70=74 Years.
60-64 Years.
55-59 Years.
1
50-54 Years.
45-49 Years.
40-44 Years.
35=39 Years.
30-34 Years.
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896
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
1 Year.
#3
3 Years.
§
20-24 Years.
u
HZ
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15-19 Years.
1
PRINCIPA L CAUSES, AGE AND SEX, AS REPORTED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT.
4.
jM r t a lit y , w ith
r a t e s , e t c ., b y w a r d s , T s
REPORTED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT
WARD RESIDENC E
JULY, 1913
2.
1.
3.
4.
6.
5.
8.
7.
10. 11. 12.
9.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. 21 . 22 .
23.
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Causes of D eath
T yphoid fever....................................................
Malarial fever....................................................
Smallpox..............................................................
M easles................................................................
Scarlet fever.......................................................
Whooping cough...............................................
Diphtheria and croup......................................
Other forms of tuberculosis............................
Cancer, malignant tumor................................
Simple meningitis.............................................
1
1
1
1
Chronic bronchitis............................................
Pneumonia..........................................................
Broncho-pneumonia.........................................
1
1
1
2
4
1
2
1
1
1
3
8
4
1
5
4
2
1
2
3
•
1
2
1
1
5
2
1
2
1
4
3
1
1
1
3
1
4
1
1
3
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
2
3
4
1
4
1
'1
2
2
1
1
Cirrhosis of liver...............................................
Bright’s disease and nephritis.......................
Diseases of women (not cancer)...................
Puerperal septicemia........................................
2
1
4
2
5
2
1
7
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
2
7
1
Congenital debility and malformations. . . .
Old age................................................................
1
1
1
Violent deaths...................................................
Suicide.................................................................
Other diseases....................................................
Ill defined causes...............................................
1
1
3
1
2
4
4
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
1
1
3
2
5
3
7
7
5
1
2
2
2
1
1
2
6
5
3
2
2
2
2
3
1
1
1
1
5
5
5
6
2
3
5
4
2
2
1
3
3
1
1
3
3
7
2
1
1
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
3
3
2
1
4
32
23
7
13
2
8
3
2
11
1
1
3
10
6
181
9
7
53
5
5
f43
110
4
4
2
9
6
49
2
4
2
32
12
1
18
5
3
20
4
1
51
4
2
5
23
5
2
2
33
2
4
20
1
1
19
1
1
2
14
2
4
26
6
1
1
31
3
8
2
3
6
5
4
3
3
2
6
2
1
9
36
J26
6
7
f61
9
11
6
J56
4
4
6
54
1
2
18
7
23
8
33
5
35
3
29
4
33
14
61
7
26
2
29
6
38
8
39
18
3
19
§101
1
739 132
881
4
80
5
9
1 105
1
31
18
1,000 i July, 1913...................... 9 .4 11.9 9 .0 15.3 18.2 15.2 18.7 11.6 8.1 8 .5 5 .0 11.3 17.0 8 .6 12.4 13.9 14.8 14.8 11.7 10.9 9 .2 10.9 13.4 10.7 12.3 13.1 12.1
.
/ July, 1912....................... 10.4 19.6 15.9 18.1 15.5 16.6 20.1 10.3 10.0 7 .7 8 .3 13.0 16.4 11.2 16.9 9 .9 14.2 17.4 12.2 9 .9 11.7 10.6 10.1 9 .0 11.5 10.3 12.7
1
2
2
2
13
45
1
8
1
1
26
2
1
39
100
5
p o p u l a t io n
* One case ward unknown.
2
4
5
*46
7
1
1
1
42
4
2
1
1
5
5
1
3
5
1
1
1
4
1
72
4
1
8
3
1
2
5
2
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
7
1
1
2
1
Other puerperal diseases.................................
2
1
4
2
1
1
4
3
2
4
1
1
2
2
4
3
3
1
1
6
11
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
p e r
1
1
1
2
R a t e s
2
1
3
6
2
]
2
Other respiratory diseases........................
Diseases of stomach (except cancer)............
Diarrhea and enteritis (under 2 years). . . .
Appendicitis and typhlitis..............................
Hernia, intestinal obstruction.......................
T o t a l s ......................................................................................................
3
1
Cerebro-spinal meningitis...............................
Apoplexy and softening of the brain.............
Organic heart diseases.................... .................
Acute bronchitis................................................
3
!
Influenza.............................................................
Other epidemic diseases..................................
Tuberculosis of the lungs................................
Tuberculous m eningitis...................................
1
1
1
t Two cases, not known whether residents or non-rasidents.
§ Three cases, not known whether residents or non-residents.
J One case, not known whether resident or non-resident.
J13
124
14.3
14.7
2.
1.
3.
4.
5.
6.
8.
7.
10.
9.
12.
U.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. 21. 22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
T otals
WARD R ESID E N C E
AUG UST, 1913
Non-residents
MORTALITY, WITH RATES, ETC., BY WARDS, AS REPORTED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT
Residents
4.
C auses of D eath
1
1
1
1
1
1
Influenza
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
.................................................
2
3
Tuberculosis of the lungs................................
5
2
2
3
1
Tuberculous meningitis...................................
2
1
6
1
2
3
3
1
1
4
1
4
1
4
6
1
6
1
5
3
3
Apoplexy and softening of the b rain .............
4
Organic heart diseases......................................
5
Chronic bronchitis..........................................
Pneumonia..........................................................
Broncho-pneumonia.........................................
3
1
1
Other respiratory diseases...............................
Diseases of stomach (except cancer)..........
Diarrhea and enteritis (under 2 years) . . . .
Appendicitis and typhlitis..............................
Hernia, intestinal obstruction........................
Cirrhosis of liver................................................
Bright’s disease and nephritis........................
3
2
7
3
1 Cancer, 2
2
5
3
malignant1tumor
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
7
1
1
6
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
2
1
4
3
4
2
3
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
5
1
5
4
4
2
7
2
2
2
3
1
1
Diseases of women (not cancer).....................
Puerperal septicemia........................................
2
1
1
1
2
3
4
1
1
Other puerperal diseases.................................
Congenital debility and malformations.. . .
4
Old age................................................................
Violent deaths...................................................
1
1
Suicide.................................................................
Other diseases....................................................
Ill defined causes...............................................
2
T otals........................................................
41
1
1
4
5
2
1
3
2
1
1
4
5
10
5
8
2
1
2
1
1
3
1
2
2
1
4
1
2
3
3
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
5
1
5
3
4
6
5
1
1
3
4
4
4
1
1
3
1
1
5
2
2
1
1
2
1
3
1
3
3
1
4
3
1
1
4
6
4
3
5
1
4
2
1
4
1
4
2
2
1
4
2
1
1
1
1
6
2
4
2
1
3
3
2
4
1
4
3
1
1
4
2
5
6
3
4
6
1
5
2
1
4,
1
2
3
2j
l!
2
2
6
5
2
3
1
31
3
1
11
9
1
1
1
1
t31
2
4
J116
7
12
3
48
4
5
2
2
55
20
1
5
f56
9
5
35
fl
38
19
16
21
46
19
24
30
23.
20
33
27
27
22
27
31
25
36
43
39
24
31
40
21
14 739 137
R a te s per 1,000 i August, 1913................ L4.9 14.6 14.3 13.6 L9.1 L3.4 L5.4 8 .4 12.1 10.3 7 .3 15.0 14.8 13.0 11.9 11.3 13.1 12.7 12.7 7 .6 13.5 9 .0 10.9 11.3 8 .3 10.2 12.2
p opu lation.
j August, 1912................ LI.6 13.7 15.1 L7.2 LI.9 L4.4 L4.5 LI.7 14.5 9 .5 7 .9 13.0 15.3 12.1 10.3 6 .9 12.0 16.9 13.6 11.0 5 .8 14.1 11.9 14.5 10.3 6 .6 12.1
f77
3
3
4
4
3 *35
1
8
1 *104
9
4
40
fio o
4
1
50
1
1
2
3
100
4
f90
2
10
1
39
3
2
1
1
38
89
3
3
28
26
3
11
2
1
2
7
2
60
7
2
2
16
3
1
1
1
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
3
7
4
1
2
1
10
1
1
3
4
3
3
2
3
1
3
1
1
2
2
1
8
3
5
1
1
................................
4
8
8
1
1
4
82
1
7
3
1
■ 8
8
1
5
3
1
1
1
1
5
1
* One case, ward unknown.
tO ne case, not known whether resident or non-resident.
_
** Two cases, not known whether residents or non-residents.
J Five cases, not known whether residents or non-residents.
889
14.4
14.6
SEPTEM BER, 1913
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
5.
7.
9.
8.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. 21. 22 . 23.
24.
25.
26.
T otals
| Residents
W ARD R ESID EN C E
Non-residents
?MORTALITY, WITH RATES, ETC., BY W A R D S ,^ S REPORTED BY THE HEALTH DEPARTMENT
Causes op D eath
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
10
1
2
2
3
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
3
1
2
2
4
1
1
1
5
1
5
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
Apoplexy and softening of the brain..............
(1 0 1 )
3
1
8
2
3
2
2
4
2
3
3
Chronic bronchitis............................................
1
Broncho-pneumonia.........................................
2
2
1
2
3
3
2
3
1
2
3
1
1
1
7
2
4
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
3
2
2
3
6
2
1
1
3
4
1
6
2
4
1
1
1
1
2
5
1
1
1
4
5
6
2
1
4
1
3
3
1
2
2
3
4
1
2
1
2
2
3
3
2
4
7
6.
2
6
1
5
2
3
4
8
3
2
1
3
2
1
1
4
1 • 2
1
1
2
1
2
1
3
1
3
2
2
4
1
Diarrhea and enteritis (under 2 years). . .
Appendicitis and typhlitis..............................
Hemia, intestinal obstruction.......................
3
2
1
1
Congenital debility and malformations. . . .
Old age................................................................
Violent deaths....................................................
Suicide.................................................................
Other diseases....................................................
Ill defined causes...............................................
6
1
2
6
4
1
3
T otals........................................................
35
41
17
31
2
3
1
Cirrhosis of liver...............................................
Bright’s disease and nephritis...................
Diseases of women (not cancer).....................
Puerperal septicemia........................................
Other puerperal diseases.................................
1
3
6
1
3
1
3
1
1
1
4
1
2
3
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
1
3
1
2
2
2
1
3
1
1
6
4
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
4
1
4
1
1
4
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
4
1
2
4
2
2
3
1
2
1
1
2
13
2
1
2
3
1
1
2
1
3
3
3
3
3
8
2
31
25
27
47
33
1
5
3
3
24
26
27
18
4
5
3
38
2
1
4
16
8
7
2
3
1
4
34
35
25
22
25
1
2
7
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
4
1
* One case, not known whether resident or non-resident.
3
46
101
3
12
3
11
1
3
1
13
4
*62
5
■ 6
80
4
3
49
*113
3
2
43
19
1
3
3
46
22
1
5
65
2
32
7
flO l
3
1
9
9
6
9
*59
5
1
9
49
4
1
2
2
1
11
57
6
*58
3
101
5
25
*127
739 151
899
1
1
2
4
5
3
10
6
2
25
24
46
33
21
t Four cases, not known whether residents or non-residents.
1
12
1
7
48
6
46
1
( September, 1913,
13.1 16.3 13.2 27.3 11.3 11.7 19.3 9 .1 10.8 7 .9 6 .3 15.5 19.8 12.4 12.3 10.4 13.6 13.1 9 .9 8 .6 12.1 9 .7 8 .7 13.4 13.5 15.8
( September, 1912___ 18.1 14.1 16.4 16.9 16.1 10.2 25.8 10.6 11.2 13.1 4 .1 13.9 24.3 15.1 12.4 13.4 18.2 14.8 13.0 8 .4 10.5 9 .8 9 .7 10.2 9 .3 10.7
3
3
68
4
8
6
1
1
1
7
2
11
6
1
1
3
2
3
2
1
2
4
Other respiratory diseases..............................
Diseases of stomach (except cancer).........
R ates per 1,000
population.
4
1
1
1
3
2
2
9
11
3
54
1
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
4
1
12.5
12.8
2
9
8
15.0
15.1
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
Disease
February
January
March
A pril
M ay
June
J u ly
154
13
186
15
197
13
120
25
174
13
206
15
185
18
891
12
D iphtheria (including
( Cases ..
C roup)................................ ( D eaths.
1,156
11
897
14
783
12
A ugust
Septem ber
October
N ovem ber Decem ber
T otals,
9 m onths
194
13
585
6
127
T otals,
1st 9 mos.,
1912
1,623
133
1,092
76
5,334
75
4,471
70
44
30
50
31
1,264
58
763
24
1
M e a s le s .................................. S D eaths!
5
232
61
2,445
805
2,527
836
125
11
321
38
344
40
1,169
85
816
56
10
3
M eningitis (Cerebro( Cases ..
S p in a l).............................. ) D eaths.
185
9
229
12
Scarlet F e v e r ....................... j g s e s .
152
9
162
13
223
4
133
Sm allp ° x ................................ j &
213
260
108
T uberculosis (pulm onary) j g ^ t h s
302
102
312
80
262
81
246
89
20
..
T yphoid F ev er.....................j
301
111
817
185
146
15
200
7
155
13
145
9
1,588
160
1,654
146
2,102
160
1,728
143
1,597
159
7.61
8.28
9.96
W hooping C ough................ j D eaths!
T o t a l s ............................... I D eaths!
P e r Cent, o f D eaths to Cases.
(102)
III.
116
1,325
123
831
118
664
114
14.20
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CONTAGIOUS AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES — CASES AND DEATHS, 1913
As Reported by the Health Department
712
101
17.17
12,201
1,224
10,068
1,133
10.03
11.25
CREMATIONS AT FOREST HILLS AND MT. AUBURN
F O R E S T H IL L S
*M T . A U B U R N
B y t h e M a s s a c h u s e t t s C r e m a t io n S o c ie t y
B y t h e M t . A u b u r n C e m e t e r y C o r p o r a t io n
1913
GRAND TO TAL
MONTH
D
ie d
B
in
D
osto n
M a le s
January..............................................
February............................................
March................................................
A pril....................................................
May......................................................
J u n e ....................................................
J u ly .....................................................
A u gu st................................................
September..........................................
O ctob er..............................................
N ovem ber..........................................
D ecem b er..........................................
Totals, 9 months............................
Totals, 1st 9 months, 1912..........
F e m a le s
T o ta l
13
8
5
11
9
6
4
11
7
5
18
19
15
15
6
7
ie d
M a le s
E
T
ls ew h e r e
F e m a le s
D
o ta l
ie d
B
in
D
osto n
T o ta l
M a le s
F e m a le s
T o ta l
11
15
33
2
28
19
34
1
5
4
9
9
6
15
22
5
4
9
6
13
19
13
15
7
7
9
13
8
16
15
13
12
0
5
10
12
2
3
5
7
1
3
10
7
10
7
5
14
15
4
5
6
5
11
57
55
112
62
62
124
75
55
130
91
52
143
11
9
17
7
119
166
20
15
10
10
8
M a le s
ie d
E
T
ls e w h e r e
o tal
T o ta l
M a le s
F e m a le s
T o ta l
M a le s
2
4
17
12
29
3
10
11
25
2
19
9
13
22
9
19
15
11
13
30
15
14
13
13
10
28
26
27
23
18
F e m a le s
31
3
3
6
15
8
10
8
28
22
3
2
5
11
6
1
1
7
7
8
12
11
9
20
22
16
F e m a le s
T o ta l
F e m a le s
T o ta l
39
23
62
22
28
50
32
62
22
35
57
27
25
28
55
20
45
M a le s
2
3
9
9
3
25
16
-
1
1
15
5
20
6
12
21
32
13
14
46
5
4
9
10
12
22
15
15
16
31
22
25
47
117
236
26
21
80
172
.118
101
219
237
218
273
30
13
47
43
92
107
73
88
161
103
101
204
269
208
455
477
9
19
* Mt. A uburn Cemetery is situated in Cambridge.
1
31
M ONTH
M.
J a n u a r y ...........................
H
o unt
Ce
71
INTERMENTS IN CEMETERIES BELONGING TO THE CITY OF BOSTON
B
ope
m ete r y
F a ir v ie w
Ce m e t e r y ,
Hyde Par k.
-
m ete r y
F.
M.
118
47
Ce
T.
-
T.
F.
e n n in g t o n
s tr js e t
-
M.
18
F.
9
B
T.
Ce n t r a l
u r ia l G r o u n d
M.
27
F.
T.
-
-
D
D
orchester
N orth
u r ia l G r o u n d
B
M.
F.
T.
1
-
1
-
B
o rchester
So u t h
u r ia l
Gr
o u n d
F.
-
T.
1
M.
i.
E vergreen
Ce m e t e r y
M.
4
P h ip p s - s t r e e t
B u r ia l G r o u n d
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
6
10
1
1
Ot
Ce
2
h er
T
m e t e r ie s
o tal
M.
F.
T.
-
-
-
86
59
145
92
67
159
F e b r u a r y .........................
52
45
97
-
2
2
21
6
27
-
-
-
3
-
3
-
-
-
8
4
12
1
1
2
1
1
72
52
124
-
-
-
14
8
22
-
-
-
-
3
3
-
1
1
6
1
7
-
2
2
-
-
95
2
M a r c h ...............................
M.
-
F.
T.
64
159
A p r i l .................................
64
69
133
-
-
-
7
4
11
1
-
1
1
1
2
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
-
-
1
-
1
74
75
149
M a y .....................................
78
68
146
-
-
-
8
8
16
-
-
-
-
3
3
-
1
1
6
7
13
-
-
-
4
3
7
96
90
186
J u n e ..................................
65
45
110
-
2
2
11
9
20
-
-
-
-
1
1
1
-
1
6
1
7
1
-
1
-
-
-
84
58
142
J u l y ....................................
64
49
113
-
2
2
15
10
25
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
3
3
3
7
10
-
—
—
-
-
-
82
72
154
68
40
*109
-
1
1
9
7
16
-
-
-
1
-
1
1
1
2
2
4
6
-
-
-
1
1
2
82
54
*137
57
45
102
-
-
-
14
12
26
1
-
1
2
1
3
2
-
2
3
4
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
79
62
141
T o ta ls, 9 m o n th s . . ,.
T o ta ls, 1st 9 m o n th s.
1 912............................
591
460 *1,052
_
7
7
117
73
190
2
_
2
8
10
18
4
7
11
38
35
73
3
4
607
491
7
3
10
108
104
212
1
1
2
7
5
12
5
1
6
31
33
64
4
(103)
A u g u s t .............................
S e p t e m b e r ......................
1,098
7
7
5
12
770
601
*1,372
5
2
2
4
772
641
1,413
1
I n c lu d e s o n e c a s e , s e x u n k n o w n .
V.
K
in d
o f
P
e r m it
J
a n u a r y
PERM ITS ISSUED BY THE BUILDING DEPARTM ENT, 1913
F
eb r u a r y
M
ar c h
A
p r il
M
a y
J
une
Ju
l y
A
ug ust
Se
p tem ber
Oc
tober
N
o vem ber
D
ec em ber
T o tal,
9 M onths
To tal,
1ST 9 M O S .
1912
B r ic k B u i l d i n g s ...........
18
38
59
43
46
48
31
33
40
356
466
W o o d e n B u ild in g s ...
84
60
146
125
116
95
111
94
99
930
1,198
A l t e r a t i o n s ......................
197
194
280
269
368
309
336
242
254
2,449
2,299
P lu m b i n g .........................
352
239
280
395
473
391
437
379
327
3,273
3,338
G a s f it t in g .........................
711
480
678
878
1,073
949
1,027
723
804
7,323
8,710
B o ile r s , E n g in e s , e tc .
137
94
82
133
97
126
118
129
135
1,051
1,137
T o t a l s .............................
1,499
1,105
1,525
1,843
2,173
1,918
2,060
1,600
1,659
15,382
17,148
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
M
1 913
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
IV.
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
VI.
MOVEMENT OF INSTITUTIONS POPULATION
I.
TOTAL NUMBER SUPPORTED OR AIDED
DEPENDENTS
PR ISO N ER S
GRAND
1913
C it y
Co n s u m p t iv e s ’
T o ta l in
C h il d r e n ’s
INDOOK
H o s p it a l
H o s p it a l f
H o s p it a l s
I n s t it u t io n s
POOR
STATUS
MONTH
M.
Janu ary 1,1913... In ch a rg e .............
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
T.
F.
T o ta l
and
T.
M.
S a il o r s
dependents
Co r r e c t io n
J a il
P r is o n e r s
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
(104)
509 1,148
605 1,363 1,968
2,381 2,274
4,655
868
+9
990
648 1,638
48
1,646 1,195 2,841 1,185
634 1,571
51
937
+53 +14 +67
—3
10
58 3,076
412 1,597 3,715
11
62 3,013
—1 —4 + 63
141 3,217
650 4,365
126 3,139
+15 +78
12
8
20
617 1,371 1,988
12
16
28
- —8 —8
159 3,295
3,136
5,517 2,433 7,950
3,076
153 3,229
+60
+ 6 +66
473
1,341
438
+ 35
839
597 1,436
1,333 1,049 2,382
823
538 1,361
+16 +59 +75
48
263
46
+2
16
125
19
—3
64
388
65
-1
613 1,500
35
887
1,596 1,174 2,770 1,16S
557 1,426
31
869
+18 +56 +74
+4
2
37 2,569
403 1,572 3,271
8
39 2,551
—6 —2 +18
150 2,719
6
12
6
674 3,945 611 1,361 1,972
134 2,685
18
£ 27
+ 16 + 34 —12 —3 —15
2,610
158 2,768
5,051 2,438 7,489
2,600
151 2,751
+10
+ 7 +17
99 585
961 154 1,115
475
55 530 486
1,378 186 1,564 768 158 926 2,146 344 2,490
981 181 1,162
458
65 523 523 116 639
+17 —10 + 7 —37 —17 - 5 4 —20 —27 —47
610 1,537
927
1,437 1,121 2,558
970
713 1,683
—43 —103 —146
48
265
56
—8
17
123
17
—
65
388
73
—8
46
975
627 1,602
1,702 1,244 2,946 1,184
730 1,756
61
1,026
—51 —103 —154 —15
15
61 3,301
410 1,594 4,021
76 3,354
15
- —15 —58
121 3,422
661 4,682
145 3,499
—24 —77
5
6
11
598 1,358 1,956
12
25
13
—8 —6 —14
3,352
142 3,494
5,803 2,429 8,232
3,428
172 3,600
—76 —30 —106
635
1,555
563
+ 72
584 1,448
992 2,328
585 1,441
—I
+7
51
260
53
—2
26
132
23
+3
77
392
76
+1
915
610 1,525
40
1,591 1,124 2,715 1,163
38
909
608 1,517
+8
+2
+2
+6
10
50 3,057
405 1,568 3,724
8
46 3,148
+ 2 + * —91
167
683
182
—15
3,224
4,407
3,330
—106
12
18
6
591 1,358 1,949
12
12
24
—6
- —6
3,103
139 3,292
5,478 2,446 7,924
202 3,400
3,198
—95 —13 —108
702 541 157 698 1,168 232 1,400
75
627
1,619 198 1,817 808 200 1,008 2,427 398 2,825
60
636
696 578 137 715 1,214 197 1,411
—9 + 15
+ 6 —37 +20 - 1 7 —46 +35 —11
5,186
9,496
5,321
—135
895
652 1,547
1,370 1,059 2,42S
961
630 1,591
—66 + 2 2 —44
74
281
68
+6
26
135
23
+3
100
416
91
+9
65
969
678 1,647
1,651 1,194 2,845 1,190
1,029
653 1,682
57
—60 +25 —35
+8
12
77 2,330
409 1,599 2,906
9
66 2,413
+ 3 +11 —83
159 2,489
660 3,566
170 2,583
—11 —94
44
17
27
596 1,373 1,969
11
22
33
+ 6 + 5 +11
2,412
198 2,610
4,692 2,442 7,134
2,481
201 2,682
—69
—3 —72
655 523 159 682 1,117 220
594
61
1,577 199 1,776 753 222 975 2,330 421
742 551 173 724 1,215 251
664
78
—70 - 1 7 —87 —28 —14 —42 —98 —31
4,498 1,096 5,594
8,673 4,057 12,730
4,725 1,105 5,830
—227 —9 —236
(
\
\
(
’I
639
82
384
60
+22
t A dm itted..........
\ Cared fo r ..........
i D isch arged___
( N e t change —
A
302
20
120
11
r A d m itted ..........
l Cared fo r ..........
) D isch a rg ed _
_
' N e t ch a n g e___
v_
100
62
264
49
+13
( A d m itted ..........
) Cared fo r .........
) D isch a rg ed _
_
( N e t change —
_
_
202
820
582 1,402
1,229 1,011 2,240
852
633 1,485
—32 —51 —S3
50
263
38
+12
29
79
141 404
18
56
+11 +23
40
870
611 1,481
1,492 1,152 2,644 1,173
890
651 1,541
26
—20 —40 —60 +14
19
59 1,605
419 1,592 2,098
18
44 1,630
+ 1 +15 —25
171 1,776
661 2,759
160 1,790
+11 —14
15
12
27
600 1,363 1,963
34
19
15
—4 - 3
1,660
202 1,862
3,871 2,443 6,314
1,675
193 1,868
—15
—6
+9
504
1,417
540
—36
582 509
78
199 1,616 711
611 461
71
+7 —29 +48
41
920
579 1,499
1,522 1,080 2,602 1,188
6)5 1,528
53
913
+ 7 —36 —29 —12
16
57 1,146
417 1,605 1,614
15
68 1,115
+ 1 —11 +31
158 1,304
659 2,273
159 1,274
—1 +30
12
15
27
596 1,360 1,956
21
10
31
—6 + 2 —4
1,202
186 1,388
3,398 2,436 5,834
1,189
184 1,373
+13
+ 2 +15
537
1,414
534
+3
596 496
59
87 583 1,033 146 1,179
187 1,601 746 132 878 2,160 319 2,479
64
598 517
97 614 1,051 161 1,212
—2 —21 —10 —31 —18 —15 —33
—5
22
66
146 412
25
83
—3 - 1 7
781
1,390
857
—76
498
963
568
—70
1,279
48
2,353 1,183
1,425
48
—146
-
11
59 1,294
413 1,596 1,793
56 1,281
8
+ 3 + 3 +13
133 1,427
633 2,426
155 1,436
—22
—9
9
7
16
584 1,357 1,941
12
11
23
—3 —4 —7
151 1,502
1,351
3,560 2,403 5,963
1,341
174 1,515
+10 - 2 3 —13
624
1,504
607
+17
711 541
87
210 1,714 770
92
699 488
—5 +12 +53
60
389
60
-
798
1,331
792
+6
535
930
478
+57
51
1,333
2,261 1,186
1,270
40
+ 63 +11
60 1,600
9
414 1,600 2,112
7
47 1,569
+ 2 +13 +31
119 1,719
597 2,709
127 1,696
—8 +23
8
15
23
587 1,354 1,941
11
14
25
+ 1 —3 —2
1,666
136 1,802
3,885 2,365 6,250
1,623
145 1,768
+43
—9 +34
78
600 508 142
522
1,419 196 1,615 790 181.
54
563 530 126
509
+13 +24 +37 —22 +16
{ A d m itted .........
864
\ Cared fo r .......... 1,331
i D isch a rg ed _
_
856
( N e t change —
+8
A d m itted .........
Cared fo r .........
D isch a rg ed ___
N et c h a n g e _
_
( A d m itted ..........
l Cared fo r .........
\ D isch a rg ed ___
( N e t ch a n g e ___
555 1,420
933 2,175
592 1,447
- 3 7 —27
55
280
58
—3
t A d m itted ..........
) Cared fo r .........
i D isch a rg ed —
( N e t c h a n g e ___
e
865
1,242
855
+10
737
1,124
799
—62
476
817
543
—67
1,213
1,941
1,342
—129
44
266
58
—14
(
l
)
(
758
1,083
752
+6
515 1,273
789 1,872
458 1,210
+ 57 +63
40
248
40
-
A d m itted ..........
Cared fo r ..........
D isch a rg ed ___
N et change —
24
147
23
+1
20
141
20
-
79
427
81
—2
137 1,005
253
542 592
69
206 1,547 845
75
513 563
—6 +29 +29
43 678 541
164 1,719 786
41
604 519
74 +22
+2
51
T.
T O TAL
901
656
402 1,539
M.
Su f f o l k
928
628 1,556
1,382 1,075 2,457
888
623 1,511
+40
+ 5 +45
447
547 1,203 1,137
F.
H o u s e OF
f A d m itted ..........
) Cared fo r ..........
i D isch a rg ed ___
( N e t change —
T
454
F.
* T o ta l
S o l d ie r s
304 1,121
188 1,309
4,158 3,009 7,167
156 748 1,065
207 1,052 2,186
148 711 1,001
+ 8 +37 +64
225 1,290
413 2,599
223 1,224
+ 2 +66
5,191
9,349
5,014
+177
114 655 1,176
156 942 2,341
113 632 1,082
+ 1 +23 +94
141 650 1,013
190 901 2,128
145 606 1,001
—4 +44 +12
105 646 1,165
140 910 2,274
101 589 1,095
+ 4 +67 +70
157 1,333
320 2,661
154 1,236
+ 3 +97
1,387
2,751
1,466
—129
219 1,232
389 2,517
216 1,217
+ 3 +15
192
350
193
—1
1,032
4,041
1,010
+22
6,223
13,390
6,024
+199
4,458 925 5,383
8,793 3,956 12,749
4,450 889 5,339
+ s + 36 + 44
5,503
926 6,429
9,846 3,993 13,839
5,536 1,056 6,592
—33 —130 —163
3,543
7,491
3,566
—23
1,031
3,968
1,007
+24
6,217
13,464
6,328
—111
1,032 4,575
3,984 11,475
1,060 4,626
—28 —51
3,155 911 4,066
7,080 3,835 10,915
3,153 960 4,113
+ 2 —49 —47
1,357
2,614
1,288
+69
3,297 841 4,138
7,224 3,716 10,940
3,293 935 4,228
+ 4 —94 —90
650 1,030 220 1,250
971 2,209 377 2.586
656 1,039 180 1,219
—6
—9 +40 +31
3,494 891 4,385
7,425 3,672 11,097
3,454 803 4,257
+40 +88 +128
October..................
N ovem ber.............
........
D ecem ber..............
*In ad d ition to the “ T otal D ependents ” about 1,100 fam ilies are aided from m onth to m onth during the w inter and 900 fam ilies during the summer, by the O verseers o f the Poor.
t D oes not inclu de O ut-Patient D ep ’t.
N o t e — It is not possible to d istin g u ish betw een “ ca ses ” and “ individual p erso n s” in th is table. Som e persons are aided more than once, each instan ce being counted as a “ ca se .”
The difference betw een the num ber
“ cared f o r ” and the num ber “ a d m itted ” equals the num ber at the begin n in g o f the month.
The difference betw een the num ber “ cared for ” and the num ber “ discharged ” equals the num ber rem aining at end o f month. For
con ven ien ce a ll p atien ts in hospitals are included, although m any of them are p a y in g patients.
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
P A T IE N T S IN H O SPIT A L S
2.
f N am e
AND
MONTH
N u m b e r of
I nm a t es
at B e g in n in g
o f Mo n th
L o catio n
B ir t h s
A d m issio n s
M.
Tr a n s f e r s
T otal
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
37
3
126
5
l
1
2
l
_
1
91
2
38
3
129
0
40
131
l
1
2
1
-
1
93
41
1,011
96
9}
84
1
32
9
116
3
2
2
4
-
86
1
34
2
509
1,107
85
34
119
2
2
4
-
-
-
87
588
47
466
50
1,054
97
75
27
102
1
-
1
-
1
1
76
T otals........
635
516
1,151
75
27
102
1
-
1
-
1
1
76
j L ong Island.
( Charlestown.
494
44
454
48
948
92
93
~
33
3
126
3
-
1
1
-
1
1
93
538
502
1,040
93
36
129
-
1
1
-
1
1
93
38
131
463
41
437
48
900
89
69
‘
28
2
97
9
1
-
1
1
-
1
71 28
V 2
99
9
T.
( L ong Island.
( Charlestown
516
48
451
48
967
96
89
2
T o ta ls........
564
499
1,063
February................... j L ong Island.
1 Charlestown
550
48
461
48
T o ta ls........
598
J L ong Island.
( Charlestown.
i L ong Islan d.
( Charlestown.
F.
-
-
D eaths
D isc h a r g e s
T.
r.
T otals.......
P O P U L A T IO N
I n H o sp it a l
©
a
*
M.
D ECR E A SE
INC R EA SE
M.
F.
Tr a n sfer s
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
76
4
4
”
5
-
9
_
1
_
_
1
57
2
28
3
1
59
-
48
2
T.
§
o
T o tal
T.
fc
H
«
£
M aximum
D aily
1913
INFIRMARIES
s
t- I
r* c3
•SQ
Mon th
®
I§
PQg
hc
S
M.
F.
T.
987
96
145
~
172
-
317
-
A
85
5
44 1,011
99
-
31
90
44
1,110 1,061 1,083
145
172
317
33,438
29
77
2
43 1,062 1,011 1,039
1
99
98
96
143
176
319
29,047
2,720
1,161 1,107 1,137
143
176
319
31,767
1,054
97
148
-
169
317
_
31,627
2,875
148
169
317
34,502
125
-
290
-
7,756
2,6S7
53
1
23
3
134
54
26
80
4
5
9
l
-
120
3
41
2
17
68
2
7
12
19
-
-
36
123
43
17
60
7
12
19
-
-
-
50
29
79
44
28
104
159
' 3
33
1
192
4
11
7
~
18
-
"
1
- 170
3
1
40
2
210
5
*106
*5
28
104
162
34
196
i1
7
18
-
1
73
1 L
42
215
*111
1,151
35
3
128
3
110
3
43
2
153
5
14
9
-
1
- 124
3
1
52
3
176
6
*48
*3
949
93
113
45
158
14
9
23
~
23
~
1
1 127
55
182
*51
114
4
28
2
142
6
13
-
6
19
-
-
- 127
1
34
1
161
7
*62
2
967
94
988
92
1,023
95
1,080 1,118
30,498
2,940
900
89
929
91
1,042
989
1,020
125
165
~
165
290
30,443
905
96'
829
89
860
93
141
~
162
'
303
-
26,489
2,755
T o ta ls........
504
485
989
76
30
106
1
-
1
l
-
1
78
30
108
118
30
148
13
6
19
l
-
1 132
36
168
*60 1,001
918
953
141
162
303
29,244
| L ong Island.
1 Charlestown.
407
43
434
49
838
91
64
12
39
2
103
14
4
~
1
-
5
“
“
-
-
68
12
40
2
108
14
78
5
27
105
5
10
10
20
-
~
-
88
37
1
125
6
*17
8
838
100
810
89
823
95
120
~
163
283
-
24,536
2,758
T o ta ls........
450
479
929
76
41
117
4
1
5
-
-
-
80
42
122
83
27
110
10
11. 21
-
-
-
93
38
131
*9
938
899
918
120
163
283
27,294
J L ong Island.
( Charlestown.
387
50
434
49
821
99
71
-
42
-
113
-
2
_
2
*
4
■
~
1
1
-
73
45
-
118
45
26
~
71
2
12
20
~
-
53
2
38
1
91
3
27
*3
849
100
821
97
835
99
128
-
170
1
1
298
-
25,730
3,007
T otals........
437
483
920
71
4a
313
2
2
4
-
1
1
73
45
118
47
26
73
8
"
8
12
20
-
1
I
55
39
94
24
949
918
934
128
170
298
28,737
( L ong Island.
| Charlestown.
407
48
441
48
848
96
69
3
30
1
99
4
2
-
1
3
-
1
-
-
1
-
72 •31
3
1
103
4
51
4
41
1
92
5
8
l
1
59
5
54
1
113
6
*10
*2
855
97
838
94
847
96
134
-
169
303
“
26,139
2,830
2
3
1
-
1
42
97
8
21
~
21
~
1
13
~
13
1
-
1
64
55
119
*12
952
932
943
134
169
303
28,969
2
-
-
-
77
a
31
1
108
3
63
_
23
4
86
4
6
10
1
16
-
-
-
33
5
102
5
6
*2
845
95
820
91
837
93
134
-
169
303
-
24,982
2,640
2
-
-
-
79
32
111
63
27
90
6
11
17
-
-
69
"
69
38
107
4
940
911
930
134
169
303
27,622
T otals........
455
489
944
72
31
103
( L ong Island.
( Charlestown.
420
46
418
48
838
94
75
2
31
I
106
3
2
-
T o ta ls........
466
466
932
77
32
109
2
-
75
32
107
55
~
-
( L ong Island.
/ Charlestown.
( L ong Island.
1 Charlestown.
j L ong Island.
( Charlestown.
1
*N et decrease.
I
I
1
I
t L ong Island — Boston A lm shouse and H ospital.
C harlestown — B oston A lm shouse for W omen and A ged C ouples.
3.
CHILDREN’S INSTITUTIONS — A
IN C R E A S E
M
M.
F.
284
560
77
_
8
F.
T.
( F r e e h o m e s ...........
j B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( In s t it u t io n s t —
170
311
38
114
249
39
“
T
fe r r e d
F ro m
D ir e c t ly
o r fro m
P r o b a t io n
o tal
a te
Ou
or
D
t s id e
T
O f Age or
O u t s id e o f
c h u s e tts
N
is c h a r g e d
To
G u a r d ia n s
o r A d o p te d
M a r r ie d
S ta te
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
_
_
_
_
_
10
10
-
1
-
3
2
1
_
-
11
17
2
2
-
1
7
2
_
ti
11
17
2
2
1
1
7
2
_
-
10
10
_
1
-
11
3
1
_
13
1
10
1
1
5
1
3
2
3
b
3
"
U
1
1]
4
15
20
10
30
20
10
30
-
-
-
2
-
2
6
5
11
-
_
-
4
5
b
-
1
2
4
-
-
-
2
1
1
2
2
4
5
7
1
2
4
5
7
_
-
1
4
b
5
-
-
1
4
_
-
-
1
3
-
-
1
1
3
4
1
-
519
402
921
8
6
f F r e e h o m e s ...........
< B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
172
308
37
113
252
36
285
560
73
2
4
2
I
2
4
3
1
1
T o t a l s ...................
517
401
918
8
1
9
2
-
2
4
1
5
14
2
16
14
2
16
-
-
-
1
1
2
4
5
f F r e e h o m e s ...........
< B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
173
307
41
110
250
35
283
557
76
1
4
b
-
1
-
1
-
4
5
3
6
2
1
10
7
4
6
9
8
6
6
3
12
15
11
6
y
8
6
6
3
12
15
11
_
_
_
1
-
1
4
2
1
8
7
_
8
2
1
3
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
M a r c h .........
T
fer r ed
eath s
-
-
-
et
I
o tal
n c rease
fro m
T.
T o t a l s ...................
F e b r u a r y ..
D
rans
F.
"
St
In M a ssa
to
I n s t it u t io n s
n
a il y
of
o nth
I
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
A
e g in n in g
r ans
D
t T
verage
t
a il y
Ou
D
B
M.
J a n u a r y . ..
la c e d
in im u m
Month
la c ed
P
at
M
P
ar g e
h er e
a il y
W
P O P U L A T IO N
D
Ch
1913
DECREASE
in
a x im u m
il d r e n
M
Ch
_
_
-
-
3
11
1
1
-
2
1
2
5
12
2
8
13
1
2
4
5
10
17
6
2
*3
*1
*1
3
*3
*4
284
568
77
281
559
73
282
563
75
1
1
14
5
19
22
11
33
*2
*1
*3
929
913
920
3
2
3
6
8
4
1
*1
4
*3
*2
*1
*2
*3
3
285
562
76
284
558
73
284
560
75
1
-
1
1
5
1
6
9
-
1
1
5
1
6
io
8
IS
4
*6
*2
923
915
919
9
5
-
-
_
-
2
3
2
7
4
2
6
1
4
13
5
11
9
5
3
9
3
14
18
8
*5
1
-
3
6
3
*3
-
*2
*3
3
286
559
81
279
550
74
282
554
78
I
I
-
3
T o t a l s ...................
521
395
916
10
6
16
1
-
1
12
9
21
23
15
38
23
15
38
10
4
14
1
3
13
9
22
25
15
40
*2
-
*2
926
903
914
( F r e e h o m e s ...........
A p r i l ........... < B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
168
307
44
113
247
35
281
554
79
_
4
1
_
2
4
6
5
2
-
7
1
-
_
2
1
-
2
1
9
7
5
2
3
5
11
10
10
9
7
b
2
3
b
11
10
10
1
3
1
2
1
2
b
1
_
1
-
_
-
_
1
-
1
14
3
I
4
18
4
8
*7
2
*1
*1
4
7
*8
6
289
555
93
281
546
79
285
550
-
2
12
3
3
4
-
_
10
3
2
2
I
9
3
5
T o t a l s ...................
519
395
914
5
6
11
3
-
3
13
4
17
21
10
31
21
10
31
4
4
8
1
-
1
13
4
17
18
8
26
3
2
5
937
906
919
( F r e e h o m e s ...........
M a y ............... < B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
176
300
46
112
246
39
288
546
85
1
0
1
-
1
9
4
2
9
11
6
-
1
_
-
_
1
4
5
-
-
2
1
2
7
9
9
7
8
8
2
I
6
9
9
14
2
3
*2
*2
10
-
5
8
7
_
.8
4
9
19
10
1
8
4
9
19
10
_
4
1
9
11
6
-
-
6
10
6
-
-
6
6
0
-
-
-
2
4
3
*4
291
558
88
286
546
79
289
553
83
-
2
17
5
22
26
12
38
26
12
38
-
-
-
1
-
1
2
4
6
-
-
-
20
5
25
23
9
32
3
3
6
937
911
925
3
10
5
1
7
12
2
7
12
2
6
9
4
13
21
6
-
-
4
1
5
2
2
1
1
2
-
1
-
-
3
4
1
6
2
1
9
6
6
3
5
4
10
4
10
13
9
1
9
*3
2
*1
-
_
-
_
-
4
2
2
-
-
2
2
1
-
4
13
21
6
-
-
6
2
1
6
-
4
3
3
8
*3
293
562
82
285
554
78
289
560
80
2
4
-
_
-
-
1
1
-
-
1
1
*2
7
b%
T o t a l s ...................
J u l y .............
397
919
7
7
14
2
178
303
44
110
253
37
288
556
81
-
-
_
9
2
7
3
3
16
0
-
_
-
T o t a l s ...................
J u n e ...........
522
( F r e e h o m e s ...........
’ B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
525
400
925
11
10
21
3
-
3
7
9
16
21
19
40
21
19
40
-
-
-
4
2
6
3
5
8
-
2
2
7
9
16
14
18
32
7
1
8
937
917
929
( F r e e h o m e s ...........
! B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
179
312
41
112
252
37
291
564
78
_
-
-
4
10
10
13
21
2
-
1
1
1
3
2
2
4
5
_
-
_
-
_
-
3
11
2
13
21
-
3
11
2
10
10
-
9
V
1
1
-
3
4
1
-
14
1
6
3
_
7
1
4
-
_
7
-
1
1
6
2
1
4
3
2
10
5
3
7
b
2
7
6
5
14
11
7
3
*5
1
4
*4
8
7
*9
301
570
79
291
560
69
297
564
78
-
y
I
3
1
-
T o t a l s ...................
A u g u s t ___
532
401
933
7
8
15
4
-
4
9
8
17
20
16
36
20
16
36
-
-
-
I
-
1
5
6
11
-
1
1
9
8
17
15
15
30
5
1
6
950
920
939
( F r e e h o m e s ...........
! B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
186
315
36
113
256
33
299
571
69
-
_
-
-
4
7
5
4
6
1
8
13
6
-
4
1
5
-
-
-
2
5
-
2
4
-
4
9
-
4
6
4
2
5
1
6
11
5
_
“
2
2
~
_
-
-
1
-
_
-
“
2
1
-
_
-
1
8
13
6
-
-
4
6
1
-
-
4
7
5
-
-
7
3
1
_
9
5
4
2
-
-
4
1
1
1
3
5
4
1
1
2
1
-
2
2
1
302
576
71
299
571
69
300
573
70
_
_
_
7
6
13
14
8
22
2
3
5
949
939
943
0
-
-
-
2
2
4
7
3
5
6
2
3
2
2
8
8
4
3
6
*1
*2
4
-
1
10
-
2
5
1
*1
304
584
72
301
572
67
302
579
68
-
-
-
8
6
14
13
7
20
8
2
10
960
940
949
I
T o t a l s ...................
537
402
939
9
5
14
2
-
2
5
6
11
16
11
27
16
11
27
-
-
-
4
1
5
3
1
4
F r e e h o m e s ...........
S e p t e m b e r . ] B o a r d i n g p la c e s .
( I n s t i t u t i o n s ...........
186
316
37
115
257
33
301
573
70
1
8
1
2
1
1
10
2
1
_
2
1
f>
8
12
1
1
6
2
9
18
3
8
12
1
1
6
2
9
18
3
_
-
-
2
1
3
1
-
3
6
7
1
-
-
"
-
I
1
-
1
1
-
1
T o t a l s ................
539
405
944
10
3
13
14
21
9
30
21
9
30
-
-
-
3
1
4
(
-
-
~
-
1
4
1
3.
-
3
8
6
-
-
2
-
2
1
1
D e c e m b e r..
* D ecrease.
f Includes those transferred from boarding- places to free hom es and vice versa.
£ Placed out in institution s other than those in charge o f the T rustees for C hildren.
1
4
Net Increase
2
Total
Released on
Probation
8
7
D eaths
T ransferred
from
2
E xpired
Term
6
6
Total
128
127
Returned from
Probation, etc.
( Parental School f ..
Ja n u a ry ........... 1 Suffolk School J ....
Committed
MONTH
Inmates First o f
M onth
N ame
D ECR E A SE
I
IN C R EA SE
1913
5.
IN S T IT U T IO N S — B
1
Total D a y s’ Board of
Inm ates
C H IL D R E N ’S
12
3
15
2
1
11
-
14
1
129
127
1
0
0
1
3
6
_
-
1
1
7
5
-
8
6
*5
-
3,584
3,552
T o ta ls.....................
256
6
3
9
124
127
5
4
1
2
6
6
_
T o ta ls.....................
251
9
3
12
f P aren tal School. ..
126
126
4
-4
3
7
T o ta ls.....................
flo p
( P arental School. ..
T o ta ls.....................
f Parental School —
A dm itted
_
2
12
-
14
*5
4
6
_
4
7
2
*1
D eaths
N et Increase
M.
F.
T.
M.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
17
5
22
26
4
30
13
4
17
13
4
2
6
2
-
2
_
5
5
13
68
3
55
161
21
5
26
20
8
28
1
*2
42
127
6
9
98
8
51
225
14
30
_
8
38
124
13
15
98
11
53
222
24
30
66
142
g
19
133
85
275
15
45
5
45
122
5
20
130
65
252
14
52
116
19
116
163
64
227
56
39
36
75
6
( M attapan H o sp ita l........
< Out-Patient D ep ’t ...........
176
39
68
41
244
80
42
93
6
(M attapan H o sp ita l........
<Out-Patient D ep ’t ...........
( P rivate H o sp ita ls.......
177
_
40
68
38
245
.
78
( M attapan H o sp ita l.........
3,799
3,953
T.
69
( M attapan H o sp ita l.........
( P rivate H ospitals | .........
F eb r u a r y ..
F.
175
63
238
43
13
1
_
1
*3
*2
_
*6
*5
4
7,136
_
1
D ischarged
MONTH
7,902
1 Parental School —
P atien ts at
B egin n in g of
M onth
34
255
( Parental School_
_
Suffolk School.........
1
10
1
4
252
8
3
11
-
3
8
128
124
11
3
14
2
2
_
“
_
10
_
2
11
1
7,752
5
6
2
*2
3,850
11
2
*4
3,989
3,742
A
7
_
3
i1
14
4
37
7
21
*7
*1
38
12
7
19
*4
-
15
1
3
4
2
3
12
57
15
3
18
6
6
11
3
0
5
24
10
34
11
3
14
1
4
.
5
9
1
3
71
232
8
38
12
50
16
6
1
2
3
3
3
8
_
10
*4
7,549
12
11
16
5
21
4
-
17
2
23
*2
2
12
1
3
12
_
2
2
2
_
4
*1
g
3,912
3,681
234
82
177
67
244
36
45
81
187
74
261
38
49
87
185
75
260
49
4
10
*1
*1
10
7
17
2
4
22
*2
1
6
*1
7,731
130
120
63
46
37
252
( M attapan H ospital..
vr
171
36
T o ta ls.....................
J u ly ...................
W h e r e Tr e a t e d
3,988
3,914
Total s .....................
J u n e .., .............
1913
C O N S U M P T IV E S ’ H O S P IT A L
250
14
1
15
-
4
4
-
8
7
7,593
\ Parental School_
_
129
12S
_
_
_
1
4
4
12
_
9
14
*9
*9
3,671
3,807
( M attapan H o sp ita l.......
...........
257
4
1
5
1
4
16
2
23
*18
_
1
1
10
_
2
8
12
_
10
12
*9
*2
3,587
3,680
T o ta ls.....................
239
8
3
11
-
2
20
-
22
*11
111
117
1
14
1
2
2
16
_
1
1
2
6
6
_
_
8
8
*6
8
3,217
3,649
128
15
*1
7,267
( Parental School_
_
*1
7,478
120
119
( M attapan H o sp ita l.........
y .............
T o ta ls.....................
( P arental School —
T o ta ls.....................
3
18
1
3
12
-
16
2
( M attapan H o sp ita l.........
( M attapan H o sp ita l.......
167
74
241
41
S eptem ber..
47
88
_
_
_
_
6,866
October............. j Suffolk School
_
_
19 *18
*1
*13
3
4
*2
2
12
—
*2
*2
2
2
37
102
7
13
88
9
50
190
16
39
11
50
16
3
2
9
11
1
2
37
93
3
14
80
51
173
9
28
13
41
9
3
_
_
_
0
2
_
.
3
o,
5
550 272
135
897 1,934
122 39
65
37
_
.
O c to b e r _
_
T o ta ls.....................
N ovem ber........
T o ta ls.....................
D ecem ber........
T otals.....................
Totals,
9 months.
1 Parental School___
T o ta ls.....................
* Deereaie.
_
-
30
62
14
11
44
73
6
2
12
§
92
25
117
8
20
t Parental School, W est R oxbury.
49
61
110
4
j
4
67
75
*23
*•>
142
*25
t Suffolk School for B oys, R ainsford Islan d.
33,597
33,677
( M attapan H o sp ita l.........
9 months.
415
1,037
57
83 355 139
16
44 183
15
31
4
8
n
12
15
67,274
* D ecrease.
t B ed s hired for advanced cases in private hospitals until com pletion of h ospital bu ildin gs at Mattapan.
Reproduced fro th Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of th National Archives
m e
e
4.
D E C R E A SE
M.
F.
T.
F.
M.
T.
F.
M.
T.
F.
M.
T.
M.
M.
F.
F.
T.
F.
M.
T.
F.
M.
T.
T.
N umber
B oard
T.
Total
Average D aily
F.
T o ta l
I ncrease
D a lly
I ncrease
M.
T otal
D ecrea se
Minimum
f e r r e d to
T other In
o
stitu tions
m ents
O th e r
Month
of
T State I n
o
stitu tions
T otal
P a rd o n
T ra n s
D a lly
fro m
Deaths
C o m m it
962
991
30,721
J a n u a r y ........................................
868
137
1,005 472
69 541
l
-
1
473
69
542
420
64
-
1
8 418
75 493
16
3
19
-
19
1
-
1
438
75
513
35
*6
29
F e b r u a r y .......................................
903
131
1,034 473
45 518
2
10
12
475
55
530
400
74
18
2
10 439
65 504
16
3
19
-
19
-
-
-
458
65
523
17
*10
7
1,063 1,030 1,044
29,232
M a r c h ..............................................
920
121
1,041
43 676
2
-
2
635
43
678
454
94
30
2
5 544
41 585
13
5
18
-
18
1
-
1
604
72
2
74
1,128 1,039 1,080
33,480
6
1,151 1,079 1,116
33,480
A p r i l ................................................
992
123
1,115 618
75 693
9
-
9
627
75
702
513
112
34
-
9 608
60 668
26
-
26
-
26
2
-
2
563 _ 4 1
636 60
696
*9
15
M a y ..........................................
983
138
1,121
591
61 652
3
-
3
594
61
655
549
138
31
1
5 646
78 724
18
-
18
-
18
-
-
-
664
78
742
*70
*17
J u n e .................................................
913
121
1,034
498
78 576
6
-
6
504
78
582
430
130
28
1
2 520
71 591
18
-
18
-
18
2
-
2
540
71
611
*36
J u ly ...............................................
877
128
1,005
535
57 592
2
2
4
537
59
596
455
84
27
4
- 506
64 570.
27
-
27
-
27
1
-
1
534
64
598
A u g u s t ............................................
880
123
1,003 621
87 708
3
-
3
624
87
711
545
96
24
-
3 578
90 668
29
1
28
2
30
1
-
1
607
92
699
S e p te m b e r ......................................
897
118
1,015 515
78 593
7
-
7
522
78
600
393
122
21
-
3 485
54 539
21
3
24
-
■4
2
-
-
-
509
54
563
13
633
1,034
*87 1,119 1,033
1,070
33,170
7
*29 1,068
991
1,014
30,420
3
*5
*2 1,032
934
979
30,349
17
*5
12 1,126 1,014 1,068
33,108
24
37
30,210
1,079
978 1,007
O cto b e r ........................................
N ovem ber....................................
D ecem b er....................................
1
* D e c re ase .
1108)
7.
BOSTON
STATE
(INSANE)
HOSPITAL
IN C R E A SE
N um berof
D E C R E A SE
Inm ates
1913
N et
of
Month
F.
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
January ........ 603 805 1,408 22
38
60
34
23
M.
T.
Committed
E m ergency
and
V oluntary
T otal
f e r r e d to
I ncrease
M.
F.
T.
M.
F.
T.
57
33
37
70
-
-
31
39
70
-
F.
70
8
17
-
20
37
49
86
64
80 144
7
3
10
-
10
15
25
43
49
92
74
92 166
10
14
24
15
10
5
5
10
51
45
96
73
72 145
6
11
17
f21
8
14
8
8
16
-
4
102 84 186
3
8
11
8
16
14
10
24
2
2
101 84 185
12
17
29
1
98 107 205
6
9
15
10
8
18
5
11
16
89
6
11
17
6
6
12
5
5
-
88
-
-
-
1
1
105 92 197
-
113 101 214
-
35
12
8
42
-
88 177
8
7
10
.7
18
14
6
4
5
4
11
8
6
8
51
35
04 137
15
46
17
2
6
31
30
2
8
15
n J16 J17
18
7
17
24
99 123 222
7
9
7
18
10
32
11
53 117
13
16
14
60 125
64
3
70
71 87 158
65
4
58
4
75
9
31
8
4
36
10
40
3
26
39
10
635 846 1,481 27
40
18
12
15
7
M a y ...............
29
8
5
6
1
11
F.
3
99
78 69 147
73
M.
81
49
4
3
T.
85 97 182
50
54
56
46 100
47 103
82
89
77 159
16
76 165
12
7
6
23
18
n
-
100 113 213 t i i J25 J36
A u g u st........... 639 846 1,485 27
19
46
10
15
25
51
43
94
1
-
1
89 77 166
11
4
15
4
4
8
5
7
12
3
6
9
46
41
87
69
62 131
9
11
20
i
32
33
79 105 184
649 818 1,467 21
27
48
27
20
47
54
43
97
-
-
-
102 90 19*
8
6
14
4
3
7
2
7
9
9
11
20
56
48 104
79
75 154
12
7
19
13
1
4
4 83 177
Septem ber. . .
^T ransferred to other State H ospitals, condition not im proved.
t One patient, condition im proved.
N o t e . — B y chapter 307, A cts o f 1910, persons tem porarily suffering from delirium , m ania, m ental confusion, e t c . , are cared for at B oston State H ospital.
T.
F.
-
35
F.
M.
-
636 862 1,498 30
46 104
4
10
M.
T.
-
A p r il..............
58
17
T.
T. M .
F.
F.
-
48 . 87
54
3
FROM
M.
15
39
24
14
Total
T.
9
43
30
12
Decrea se
F.
4
18
56
9
Increase
ferred
M.
M.
F.
Tem porary
Care
T.
3
22
31
T.
9
31
627 829 1,456 25
F.
4
21
J u ly ................
M.
4
44
-
T.
5
52
51 107
F.
82 163
25
56
T. ! M.
89 98 187
27
34
Im proved
-
622 852 1,474 25
17
R ecovered
F.
M a r c h ...........
17
Not
Insane
M.
49
55
Not
Im proved
T.
M.
614 834 1,448 19
23
T otal
Deaths
Tem porary
Care
February —
J u n e................ 624 821 1,445 32
* T ra n s
#
T ra n s
B e g in n in g
M ONTH
D is c h a r g e d
A d m is s io n s
AT
10 }28 J18
8
7
J D ecrease.
For num ber o f s u c h c a s e s see under “ Tem porary Care.”
15
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
MONTH
Tra n sferred
D is c h a r g e s
B e g in n in g
E xp iration
of Sentence
Permit of
Com m is
sioner
Payment o f
F ine
at
Maximum
o r Inm ates
1913
PO PU L A T IO N
Net
of
of
IN C R E A SE
N um ber
Day s’
I nm ates
HOUSE OF CORRECTION, DEER ISLAND
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
6.
F
T
( Main H o sp ita l.......
J a n u a ry ...................................... j South Departm ent.
( R elief Stations
285
155
14
265
177
5
550
332
19
708 473 1,181
121 132 253
99 21 120
-
2
-
m
F
748
8
108
77
1
-
11
-
990
215
108
95
11
12
11 .770 543 1,313
118
80
198
888 623 1,511
40
73
7
15
36
7
4
109
14
19
609 401 1,010
103 116 219
111 21 132
47
142
823 538 1,361
46
12
1
139
25.
15
740 536 1,276
129 153 282
101 24 125
*38 *70 *108
*5 *34 *39
1
1
-
m
F
589 401
90 125
91 17
T
M
454
447
901
928 626 1,554
-
2
2
928 628 1,556
360
864
78
309
175
10
276
173
3
585
348
13
639 444 1,083
85 132 217
113 20 133
2
-
1
-
3
-
641 445 1,086
85 132 217
113 20 133
117
198
-
696
4
112
85
3
1
3
-
536 865
96 109
96 17
S9
3
728 491 1,219
95
1
_
-
647 490 1,137
116 141 257
87 23 110
93
13
14
850 654 1,504
T o ta ls ...................
494
452
946
837 596 1,433
2
1
3
839 597 1,436
315
812
( M ain H o sp ita l.......
M arch.......................................... ] So'ith D epartm ent.
( R elief S ta tio n s___
341
157
12
320
189
2
661
346
14
700 465 1,165
124 119 243
101 25 126
2
-
1
-
3
_
-
702 466 1,168
124 119 243
101 25 126
162
249
-
882
6
106
92
2
4
T o ta ls ...................
510
511 1,021
925 609 1,534
2
1
3
927 610 1,537
411
994
98
1
3
665 439 1,104
103 129 232
93 12 105 Ik*-
4
-
7
-
668 443 1,111
103 129 232
93 12 105
159
211
-
738
95
60
2
3
10
-
4
7
864 584 1,448
370
833
65
-
5
1
687 502 1,189
113 133 246
95 17 112
134
224
-
839
0
92
105
3
-
T o ta ls ...................
(109)
250
155
3
467
408
875
861 580 1,441
3
r M ain H o sp ita l.......
M ay.............................................. < South Departm ent.
( R elief S ta tio n s _
_
324
142
9
240
166
1
564
308
10
682 502 1,184
113 133 246
94 17 111
5
1
553
307
15
991
661
355
29
154
206
-
T
T o ta ls ...................
303
152
12
45
76
*2
1
708 475 1,183
121 132 253
99 21 120
F
( M ain H o sp ita l.......
F e b r u a r y ................................... j South D epartm ent.
( R elief Stations —
( Main H o sp ita l.......
A p r il........................................... j South D epartm ent.
( R elief S ta tio n s ___
607
361
23
2
-
M
T
901
205
113
T otal D a y s ’ B o a r d
o P a t ie n t s
f
m
Maximum
T
N ot
R elieved
F
R elieved
M
Increase
T otal
D eath s
T o tal
W ell
Month
MONTH
D aily
D is c h a r g e d
T o ta l
B ir t h s
Not Treated
'
A d m it t e d
F
63
11
6
T
M
F
158
22
18
684 464 1,148
101 136 237
103 23 126
T
M
24
20
*4
F
T
11
H
*2
35
16
*6
550
328
6
587
341
14
18,195
10,572
429
32
*18
2
44
16
*1
884
942
29,196
577
337
6
632
348
15
17,683
9,756
431
16
59
75 1,045
670
355
25
920
995
27,870
581
310
10
621
335
17
19,269
10,375
531
120
59
179
970 713 1,683
*43 *103 *146 1,050
901
973
30,175
967
213
98
69
12
11
64
6
1
133
18
12
647 453 1,100
113 118 231
96 14 110
21 *10
*10 11
*3 *2
524
298
8
554
311
15
16,605
9,319
464
10
784 514 1,278
92
71
163
856 585 1,441
8
*1
7
927
830
880
26,388
14
2
-
651 441 1,092
115 119 234
79 13
92
95
9
12
45
11
1
140
20
13
746 486 1,232
124 130 254
91 14 105
*59
*11
4
16
3
3
*43
*8
7
600
309
22
528
288
9
565
300
16
17,523
9,304
483
845 573 1,418
578 389
101 112
85 13
11
1
*5
582
320
25
T otals,...................
475
407
882
889 652 1,541
6
-
6
895 652 1,547
358
936
108
16
116
57
173
961 630 1,591
*66
22
*44
931
825
881
27,315
f M ain H o sp ita l.......
J u n e ............................................. j South D epartm ent.
( R elief S ta tio n s___
265
131
13
256
169
4
521
300
17
618 448 1,066
104 114 218
94 19 113
4
-
1
-
5
-
622 449 1,071
104 114 218
94 19 113
138
226
-
745
1
101
92
-
9
_
-
569 415
89 138
86 15
984
227
101
86
11
11
48
12
5
134
23
16
655 463 1,118
100 150 250
97 20 117
*33 *14
4 *36
*3 *1
*47
*32
*4
545
304
22
487
257
5
530
278
13
15,889
8,347
382
1
5
820 5S2 1,402
364
847
92
9
744 568 1,312
_
1
4
1
656 446 1,102
79 86 165
130 23 153
134
208
1
725
2
121
81
1
1
3
_
-
537 406
100 111
104 19
T o ta ls...................
409
429
838
816 581 1,397
( Main H o sp ita l.......
J u l y ............................................. j South D epartm ent.
( R elief Stations . . .
232
135
10
242
133
3
474
268
13
652 446 1,098
79 86 165
130 22 152
4
-
T o ta ls...................
377
378
755
861 554 1,415
4
1
5
865 555 1,420
343
848
83
( Main H o sp ita l.......
A u g u s t....................................... ] South Departm ent.
( R elief Station s —
267
103
17
239
102
-
506
205
17
566 407
67 47
102 20
973
114
122
2
-
2
-
4
-
568 409
67 47
102 20
977
114
122
135
147
-
731
1
115
67
_
-
108
65
173
852 633 1,485
*32 *51
*83
871
749
821
24,618
943
211
123
84
11
19
43
6
7
127
17
26
621 449 1,070
111 117 228
123 26 149
35 *3
*32 *31
"
7 *3
32
*63
4
518
268
26
457
203
6
495
237
17
15,333
7,347
503
3
741 536 1,277
114
56
170
855 592 1,447
10 *37
*27
812
666
749
23,183
8
_
-
535 406
68 80
100 15
78
8
10
35
2
5
113
10
15
613 441 1,054
76 82 158
110 20 130
*45 *32
*9 *35
*8
-
*77
*44
*8
509
205
20
420
158
6
461
187
13
14,291
5,794
402
*62 *67 *129
941
148
115
T o ta ls ...................
387
341
728
735 474 1,209
2
2
4
737 476 1,213
282
847
67
8
703 501 1,204
96
42
138
799 543 1,542
734
584
661
20,487
( Main H o sp ita l........
Septem ber.................................. ! South Department.
( R elief S ta tio n s___
222
94
9
207
67
-
429
161
9
582 400
69 85
106 27
982
154
133
1
-
2
1
1
583 401
69 86
106 28
984
155
134
146
128
1
623
1
107
57
_
8
-
-
1
1
1
1
-
497 337
70 59
91 13
834
129
109
77
4
13
32
6
6
109
10
19
574 369
74 65
104 24
943
139
128
9
*5
2
32
21
4
41
16
6
504
181
22
412
151
6
458
163
13
13,736
4,875
400
T o ta ls ...................
325
274
599
757 512 1,269
1
3
4
75S 515 1,273
275
731
58
8
658 414 1,072
94
44
138
752 458 1,210
6
57
63
707
569
634
19,011
October.......................................
( Main H o sp ita l.......
( R elief S ta tio n s __
i
T o ta ls ...................
( M ain H o sp ita l ....
N ovem ber ..................... J South Departm ent.
( R elief S ta tio n s _
T o ta ls ...................
( M ain H osp ital.......
D ecem b er.................................. < South D epartm ent.
( R elief S ta tio n s___
T o ta ls ...................
* D ecrease.
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
D epar tm en t
B e g in n in g of
PO PU L A T IO N
Net
I n m a t e s at
1913
Average D aily
D E C R E A SE
D aily
INC R E A SE
N u m b e r of
Minimum
CITY HOSPITAL
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
8.
CITY HOSPITAL — SOUTH DEPARTMENT — CONTAGIOUS AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 1913
43
62
4
66
*23
142
36
35
71
50
6
56
15
332
121
132
253
215
22
237
16
26
46
26
4
30
16
157
22
45
67
74
2
76
*9
348
85
132
217
205
14
219
*2
M a rch ...............................................................
145
55
48
103
98
19
117
*14
52
28
36
64
71
3
74
*10
148
37
31
68
82
4
86
*18
346
124
119
243
256
26
282
*39
A p ril..................................................................
131
38
47
85
91
10
101
*16
42
28
32
60
51
2
53
7
130
33
48
81
65
6
71
10
307
103
129
232
213
18
231
1
115
56
64
120
95
11
106
14
49
27
23
50
53
2
55
*5
140
25
39
64
74
6
80
*16
308
113
133
246
234
20
254
*8
M ales
Total
Total
T otal
Total
Total
22
20
D eaths
F em ales
21
36
W ell
M ales
59
*5
Total
21
107
Total
108
7
Fem ales
10
100
Deaths
98
102
Well
129
61
Fem ales
72
41
"3
£
Males
57
150
D eaths
129
F e b r u a r y ........................................................
T otal
January ..........................................................
M ales
D eaths
Net Increase
Number of P atients
at beginning of
month
D is c h a r g e d
A d m it t e d
W ell
Net Increase
|
D is c h a r g e d
A d m it t e d
Net Increase
D is c h a r g e d
Number of Patientb
at beginning of
month
A d m it t e d
I
D is c h a r g e d
Number of P atients
at beginning of
month
MONTH
A d m it t e d
Fem ales
1913
f A L L CONTAGIOUS D IS E A S E S
SC A R L ET F E V E R (SC A R L A T IN A )
M E A S L E S (R U B E O L A )
Net Increase
Number of P atients
at beginning of
m onth
D IP H T H E R IA
J u n e ..................................................................
129
51
56
107
107
17
124
*17
44
24
19
43
40
2
42
1
124
22
32
54
76
3
79
*25
300
104
114
218
227
23
250
*32
J u ly ................................................................
112
40
52
92
81
9
90
2
45
12
9
21
58
4
62
*41
99
16
19
35
56
1
57
*22
268
79
86
165
211
17
228
*63
3
18
*1
77
10
4
14
51
-
51
*37
205
67
47
114
148
10
158.
*44
-
40
22
28
50
36
1
37
13
161
69
86
155
129
10
139
16
A u g u st..............................................................
114
41
35
76
73
6
79
*3
4
12
5
17
15
Septem ber.......................................................
111
45
56
101
83
9
92
9
3
1
2
3
3
3
-
O ctober............................................................
N ovem ber........................................................
D ecem b er........................................................
(110)
T o ta ls, 9 m onths....................................
-
424 491
915
826
98
924
*9
-
173 174
347
379
24
403
*56
-
223 281
504
564
29
593
*89
-
865
978
1,843 1,838 160 1,998
*155
T otals, 1 st 9 m onths, 1 912...............
-
282 272
554
523
58
581
*27
-
115 142
257
263
12
275
*18
-
183 162
345
377
14
391
*46
-
621
635 1,256 1,254 101 1,355
*99
* D ecrease.
* VII.
f Includes, in addition to the three d iseases specified, other d iseases and com plications.
IMMIGRATION STATISTICS— PORT OF BOSTON, 1913
COMPILED FROM DATA FURNISHED BY THE COMMISSIONER-GENERAL OF IMMIGRATION AT WASHINGTON
F rom T r a n s-A
P
t l a n t ic
J
anuary
February
March
A p r il
J
M ay
J
une
A ug u st
uly
Se p t e m b e r
Oc t o b e r
Novem ber
D ecem ber
T o ta ls, 9 m o s.
orts
M
F
T o ta l
M
F
T o ta l
M
F
22 42
266 279
46 121
104 25
- 3
218 178
63 40
28
2
615 14
96 48
164 28
187 16
65 63
78 45
91 72
14
195
58
16
56
474
179
41
3
291
110
2
19
127
31
88
176
91
102
25
37C
158
76
1
171
170
5
226
7
302
53
34
T o ta l M
F
T o ta l
M
60
122
2
43
8
41
132
35
1965
11
759
6
19
434
61
34
698
171
25
2
102
937
7
883
153
183
47
475
178
109
F
T o ta l
M
F |T o ta l
M
F
T o ta l
T o ta l
M
F
37
293
147
107
1
309
182
3
22
221
14
185
191
89
543
21
292
131
64
M
F
T o ta l
M
F T otal M
F
T otal M
F
Total
M
F
T otal
N a t iv it y
D u t c h ........................................
E n g l i s h ......................................
F i n n i s h ......................................
G e r m a n ....................................
G r e e k ........................................
H e b r e w ....................................
I r i s h ............................................
16 6
148 118
25 21
71 33
- -
123 95
28 35
15 13
I t a l i a n I s oou ti*......................
j.ia uuu j ? r t h ..................... 394 221
P o l i s h ........................................
63 33
P o r t u g u e s e ..............................
89 75
R u s s i a n .................................... 173 14
S c a n d i n a v i a n ........................
39 26
S c o tc h ........................................
39 39
A ll o t h e r s ................................
52 39
T o ta ls................................... 1275 768
G iv in g M a s s a c h u s e tt s a s
D e s tin a tio n ........................
P e r cent, to T otal Im m i
g ra n ts. ............................
-
113
70
-
5
79
3
72
113
46
30
267
-
_
130
103
8
678
173
-
280 81
113 74
398 129
32
24
672
67
211
1
110
26
1
8
301
19
273
84
13
26
904 1534
- 3
440 389
_ 3
361
15
187 250
36
527
36
55
1
17
_
22
48
9
431
8
370
3
4
184
25
3$
64
44 24
51 21
68
72
660 1358 388 466 854 446 482 928
73 244 235 139 374 269 204 473
135
37
_ 62 _ 87 222 108 85 193
_ 10
10
2
1
1
65 167 353 259 612 406 367 773
1049 1986 473 457 930 229 223 452
1
52
44 23
8
27 25
67
250 1133 1847 503 2350 2276 676 2952
105 258 955 308 1263 601 300 901
157 340 241 244 485 106 72 178
16
63 331 73 404 311 100 411
269 744 300 200 500 338 168 406
157 335 212 201 413 145 172 317
72 181 825 249 1074 784 250 1034
-
279
223
-
6
131
_
41
148
no
170
2043 976 814
1790 2260 1772 4032 2485 1213 3698 4004 2941 6945 6366 3236 9602 6024 3143 9167 2344 1616 3960 7843 4137 11980
1136
1035
57.82
294
2968
1283
758
69
2144
2468
221
11453
2388
1595
1191
1819
1182
3744
50
58
21 29
585 279 265 544
278 156 170 326
171 185 144 329
1
2
46
44
588 483 423 906
405 325 473 798
92 44 136
3
28 4257 1438 5695
352 344 203 547
14 278 248 526
226 125 38 163
339 218 248 466
199 111 167 278
713 925 245 1170
— -
482
188
2835 5803
850 2133
517 1275
72
3
1753 3897
2681 5149
344
123
4208 15661
1167 3555
1342 2937
357 1548
1257 3076
1150 2332
1209 4953
33577 19,640 53,217
2354
2502
4476
5257
4474
2175
5340
28749
58.38
67.66
64.45
54.75
48.81
54.92
44.57
54.02
1
1
* T able V II. inclu des only aliens arriving in the U nited States fo r the first tim e, and inten ding to rem ain, i.e., “ Im m igrant A lie n s,” according to the Im m igration Bureau.
N o t e . — The num ber o f im m igrant alien s arrivin g in the f ir s t n in e m onths o f 1913, viz., 53,217, w as 46.45 per cen t more than the total in the sam e period, 1912.
Reproduced fro th Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of th National Archives
m e
e
9.
VIII.
FIRES, INSURANCE AND
LOSSES
ALAR M S
FIR E S
St il l
INSU R A N C E A N D LOSS ON B U IL D IN G S A N D CONTENTS
(F urnished by B oston Protective D epartm ent.)
I n s u r a n c e Ca r r i e d
L obs (I n s u r e d )
Total
N dam age
o
Slight dam age
Considerable
dam age
T otally
destroyed
Total
♦Fires n o tin
bu ildin gs
Extended to
others
Confined to
one building
Q
Q
XI
S
h
Total
O utofoltycalJs
N eedles*
F ires
N eed less
F ires
F alse
M ONTH
B U IL D IN G S IN V O L V E D
T otal
False, needless
and out of
city
Teleg ra ph
B uild ings
J a n u a r y ................................
196
4
26
157
38
2
353
70
423
339
4
10
353
_
29
224
90
343
$4,148,189
$1,226,650
$5,374,839
$259,127
$174,501
F e b r u a r y ..............................
185
7
16
131
32
4
316
59
375
287
3
26
316
-
20
195
75
290
4,539,493
648,557
5,188,050
72,965
97,710
170,675
M a r c h ....................................
185
9
18
166
19
1
351
47
398
280
4
67
351
-
16
172
96
284
2,621,142
787,130
3,408,272
108,702
259,064
367,766
Er
C ontents
Total
B uildings
Contents
Total
. 1912
$433,628
A p r i l .....................................
180
9
13
133
31
2
313
55
368
248
5
60
313
6
16
152
79
253
1,372,883
714,941
2,087,824
76,150
103,218
179,368
M a y .....................................
165
10
20
154
28
4
319
62
381
257
6
56
319
o
9
180
72
263
2,729,844
1,467,850
4,197,694
69,262
91,276
160,538
J u n e .................. ................
322
19
21
244
30
t6
566
76
642
329
17
220
566
4
27
246
69
346
4,773,516
964,422
5,737,938
87,650
78,486
166,136
J u l y ........................................
314
24
18
275
46
1
589
89
678
350
9
230
589
5
31
228
99
363
4,342,426
682,694
5,025,120
119,179
131,468
250,647
A u g u s t ..................................
174
10
17
107
29
-
281
56
837
231
8
42
281
3
15
146
75
239
1,813,213
908,465
2,721,678
55,540
90,332
145,872
S e p t e m b e r ..........................
145
12
21
103
32
1
248
66
314
196
5
47
248
2
16
122
63
203
1,759,330
468,350
2,227,680
34,293
54,832
89,125
1,866 104
170
1,470
285
21
3,336
580
3,916
2,517
61
758
3,336
22
179
1,665
718
2,584
$28,100,036
$7,869,059
$35,969,095
T o ta ls, 9 m o s .................
$882,868 $1,080,887 $1,963,755
O c to b e r .................................
171
19
18
198
32
4
369
73
442
214
6
149
369
4
12
133
72
221
1,395,189
624,747
2,019,936
42,617
79,078
121,695
N o v e m b e r ...................... .
171
14
14
158
34
1
329
63
392
254
2
73
329
1
18
149
89
257
1,502,218
2,758,735
4,260,953
49.873
66,822
116,695
D e c e m b e r ...........................
244
7
12
179
24
4
423
47
470
294
4
125
423
2
26
184
86
298
1,827,117
962,357
2,789,474
79,907
110,158
190,065
J a n u a r y ................................
175
14
14
144
39
-
319
67
386
238
3
78
319
4
21
151
67
243
$1,508,944
$530,430
$2,039,374
$70,724
$131,196
$201,920
F e b r u a r y .............................
217
7
16
158
29
3
375
55
430
300
2*
73
375
1
20
204
77
302
2,210,444
1,213,465
3,423,909
153,990
360,953
514,943
M a r c h ...................................
215
12
10
201
36
2
416
60
476
246
165
416
1
15
167
68
251
4,249,233
1,917,983
6,167,216
127,587
232,826
360,413
A p r i l.......................................
158
n
8
141
37
4
299
61
360
209
5
5
85
299
18
126
75
219
244
1913
M a y .........................................
170
15
14
140
30
310
59
369
213
310
6
48
139
51
235
1?,
16
210
26
9
445
56
501
293
12
9
85
J u n e ........................................
143
445
5
23
217
81
326
J u l y .......................................
299
17
250
30
s
549
69
618
322
5
222
549
16
41
220
89
366
25
122
35
9,
275
84
359
201
2
72
275
1
14
136
54
205
18
92
19
9
224
53
277
175
4.
45
224
2
19
115
48
184
m
138
1,458
281
18
3,212
564
3,776
2 197
47
968
3 212
36
219
1 475
610
2 340
T o ta ls fo r y e a r 1 9 1 2 . . 2,452
144
214
2,005
375
30
4,457
763
1,105
4,457
29
235
2,131
965
3,360
$32,824,560
$12,214,898
121
152
1,778
333
31
3,796
637
5,220 3,279
4,433 2,732
73
1 9 1 1 .. 2,018
69
1,060
3,861
6
107
1, 438 1,231
2,782
23,322,871
9,649,164
32,972,035
740,325
1,342,065
2,082,390
1 9 1 0 .. 1,776
119
187
1,512
362
16
3,288
668
3,956
46
795
3,288
14
220
1,595
2,481
20,221,369
9,498,120
29,719,489
1,124,066
1,957,593
3,081,659
A u g u s t .................................
153
19
99
S e p t e m b e r ...........................
132
14
T o ta ls, 9 m o s .................
1,754
2,431
652
$45,039,458 $1,055,265 $1,336,945 $2,392,210
1 9 0 9 .. 1,699
111
181
1,348
325
34
3,046
617
3,663
2,279
30
703
3,046
14
205
1,456
658
2,333
22,299,238
6,476,211
28,775,449
641,759
1,077,463
1,719,222
1 9 0 8 .. 2,031
118
154
1,428
281
33
3,459
553
4,012
2,598
42
786
3,459
41
177
1,178
1,316
2,712
20,787,971
9,412,384
30,200,355
1,269,649
1,609,716
2,879,365
* F ir e s in w h a r v e s , v e s s e ls , c o a l p il e s , t r e e s , g r a s s , r u b b is h h e a p s , c a r s , e tc .
f O n e b e ll a la r m in c lu d e d in “ O u t o f C ity ” c a lls in J u n e , 1912.
N o t e . — T h e fig u r e s u n d e r “ I n s u r a n c e C a r rie d ” a n d “ L o s s I n s u r e d ” fo r th e 6 m o n th s e n d in g S e p te m b e r 30,1 9 1 3 a re n o t y e t a v a ila b le , m a n y c la im s r e m a in in g u n a d ju s te d .
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
IX.
1.
HEALTH
BUREAU OF CATTLE INSPECTION AT BRIGHTON ABATTOIR
Ne w E ngland
1913
MONTH
DEPARTMENT
W
estern
T otal
T o tal
Steers
Calves
Sw ine
Sheep
Beeves
Cows
B u lls
M eat
I n spec ted
Cows
B u lls
Condemned
(Pounds)
Janu ary..........................
-
13
282
-
-
295
628
2
7 ,1 3 8
8,063
5,670
F ebruary........................
-
2
233
-
-
235
721
-
5,098
6,054
4,322
M a rc h ............................
-
1
148
-
-
149
1 ,8 3 8
-
4 ,1 4 3
6 ,1 3 0
5 ,4 8 5
A p r il..............................
2
9
232
-
-
243
1 ,5 5 7
-
5 ,1 8 3
6 ,9 8 3
7 ,1 3 3
M a y ................................
-
6
295
-
-
301
993
-
5 ,3 0 1
6 ,5 9 5
4 ,6 2 0
J u n e ................................
-
13
298
-
-
311
598
-
4 ,0 4 7
4 ,9 5 6
2,477
J u ly ...............................................
-
26
280
-
-
306
574
2
2 ,6 5 6
3 ,5 3 8
5 ,5 5 8
A u g u s t ....................................
-
41
284
-
-
325
464
-
3 ,6 3 5
4 ,4 2 4
4 ,0 7 0
Septem ber.....................
3
119
529
-
-
651
570
-
5,535
6,756
6 ,5 4 7
Totals, 9 m o n th s..
5
230
2,581
-
-
2,816
7,943
4
42,736
53,499
4 5 ,8 8 2
Totals, 1st 9 months,
1912......................
39
307
3,059
62
106
3 ,5 7 3
7,712
5
39,138
50,428
60,093
A ugust
4
10
1
T o tals,
9 Mo n t h s
Ju ly
2
D ecem ber
June
6
Novem ber
May
10
October
A pril
34
September
March
5
1913
February
BUILDINGS ORDERED VACATED OR DEMOLISHED
January
2.
Ordered
Ordered
D e m o lis h e d ...................
2
—
3.
1913
Janu ary F ebruary
2
1
1
1
73
1
7
BUREAU OF MILK INSPECTION, ETC.
March
A pril
M ay
June
Ju ly
A u gu st
Septem ber
October
November D ecem ber T o t a l s ,
9 Mo n t h s
S a m p le s e x a m i n e d :
M ilk —
B u tt e r a n d C h e e s e . . . .
257
912
24
544
638
743
11
634
668
619
25
677
667
766
29
598
627
440
22
54,0
674
505
21
769
598
280
19
580
579
410
42
586
5,382
5 385
224
5,588
2,075
B r o u g h t b y c it iz e n s ,
* B a c t e r io lo g ic a l-----
674
710
31
660
1,737
2,026
1,989
2,060
1,629
1,969
1,477
1,617
16,579
73
191
126
152
111
146
126
66
83
32
7
23
40
10
5
67
3
21
54
68
48
4
60
728
604
161
33
2,205
1,684
2,060
1,599
1,729
18,105
10
2,339
_
_
2,025
2,283
2,181
* Sam ples for bacteriological exam in ation are obtained chiefly from m ilk cars.
N o t e .— T he total num ber o f sam ples exam ined in the first 9 m onths o f 1912 w as 18,222, o f w hich 16,242 w ere m ilk sam ples.
(112)
Reproduced fro th Unclassified
m e
IX.
HEALTH DEPARTMENT — Concluded
MEDICAL INSPECTION OF SCHOOLS
55,312
589
142
209
27
5
Totals, 1st 7 mos., 1 9 1 2 ... 232,159
52,470
106
316
301
19
6
(113)
5,213
4,150
3,289
6,856
3,555
3,301
6,343
5,474
5,723
19,937
14,419
13,645
80
92
38
5
3
-
8
15
5
186
548
532
979
1,835
850
105
110
33
413
505
202
592
870
332
1,921
2,072
323
2,460
2,223
491
4,184
4,317
1,682
9,675
10,097
3,063
4
34
-
4
8
502
3,906
38
282
635
3,369
1,669
5,354
11,347
756
2,996
4,462
20,337
20,555
33,077
82,183
3,922
7,565
23,759
23,986
43,184
103,418
1,176
808
659
48
38
37
52
32
27
5
3
5
114
110
118
—
-
1
3
1
40
29
19
1
-
5
11
7
45
72
37
515
930
145
23
42
8
27
25
17
_
6
1
-
2
62
1
4
8
3,194
15
41
11
364
34
21
499
88 134
_
Favus
..
_
755
609
669
32
24
70
5.
91 288
7,427
211
221
24
586
7
22
63 2,933 12,665
52
11,918
233
284
27
611
10
16
84 2,573 17,192 1,002
BUREAU OF SANITARY INSPECTION
Total
Totals, 7 mos........................ 203,541
594
487
513
22
24
18
Other Diseases
4
176
144
150
18
7
7
Respiratory Dis
eases
17
2,229
1,523
1,343
106
48
60
Dental Caries
6
Diseases of Skin
40
Diseases of Eye
5,375
Diseases of Ear
September...................................... 119,466
Total
3
3
2
Other Diseases
24
37
12
Whooping Cough
16
19
24
Tuberculosis
(pulmonary)
86
42
14
563
347
255
4
—
-
Trachoma
7,287
4,5S4
1,744
7
9
11
Tonsilitis
(Acute)
12,027
13,612
6,074
5
3
2
Scarlet Fever
April.................................................
M ay..................................................
June..................................................
5
—
_ '
2
Scabies
4
1
Ringworm
7
7
1
Pediculosis
34
35
50
Mumps
Diphtheria
Erysipelas
31
24
22
Measles
Conjunctivitis
173
137
97
Influenza
Chicken Pox
15,463
11,356
9,503
N ot E xcluded from S chool
Impetigo
Visits Made to Homes
18,399
16,816
17,147
Month
.
January..........................................
February........................................
March..............................................
1913
NON-C O N TA G IO U S DISEASES
E xcluded from School
Physical Examinations Made
CONTAGIOUS D ISEASES
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Number of Inspections Made
i
4.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
X.
Volum es A d d ed
D u r in g t h e M o n t h
1913
LIBRARY
tB
,a
o
« §
d
c3
Ca r d s I s s u e d
D u r in g t h e M o n t h
V olum es I ssu ed
f o r H om e U se
V olum es at
E nd o f t h e M on th
C
Q
>>
M O N TH
DEPARTMENT
o
a
■ti.fi
05
o
cj
Ca r d s
E nd of
w
0
Q
ft
o
a
i>>
-a
at
U se
M on th
&
* §
C
3
ffl
in
the
x:
o
a
§3
o
«
E
H
u
JS
o
a
o
S
«
&.Q
§3
cj
§3
o
M
J a n u a r y ................
F e b r u a r y .............
M a r c h ....................
234
2,028
1,609
*679
1,845
541
*445
3,873
2,150
795,696
797,724
799,333
253,315 1,049.011
255,160 1,052,884
255,701 1,055,034
35,007
42,419
37,814
143,995
156,304
146,682
179,002
198,723
184,496
910
1,170
862
3,271
3,450
3,117
4,181
4,620
3,979
25,246
25,158
25,159
67,353
67,653
68,292
92,599
92,811
93,451
A p r i l ......................
M a y ........................
J u n e ......................
2,251
442
1,117
*123
110
*191
2,128
552
926
801,584
802,026
803,143
255,578 1,057,162
255,688 1,057,714
255,497 1,058,640
36,537
30,850
27,065
145,577
120,428
113,755
182,114
151,278
140,820
763
615
514
2,358
1,841
1,580
3,121
2,456
2,094
25,116
25,070
25,039
68,307
68,770
68,884
93,423
93,840
93,923
J u l y ........................
A u g u s t ..................
S e p t e m b e r ...........
133
977
4,829
*1,154
*1,203
*287
* 1,021
*226
4,542
803,276
804,253
809,082
254,343 1,057,619
253,140 1,057,393
252,853 1,061,935
20,117
20,392
20,053
78,137
73,516
75,924
98,254
93,908
95,977
459
540
638
1,450
1,493
1,454
1,909
2,033
2,092
25,014
24,994
25,062
69,042
69,253
69,307
94,066
94,247
94,369
§3
o
H
fH
1
1
i
13,620
12,479
9,70 9,cA 1 054.318 1,324,572
6,471
20,014
26,485
11,015
T o ta ls, 1 st 9
m o n th s, 1912
*1,141
26,814
37,829
265,467
967,140 1,232,607
6,723
20,484
27,207
* Decrease, representing the excess of volumes condemned and withdrawn, or lost, over volumes added.
XI.
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS AND MORTGAGES
COMPILED FROM DATA FUR NISH ED BY THE R EAL E STA T E EXCHANGE.
T ra n sfers
1913
MONTH
Boston
Proper
Brighton
C harles
tow n
D or
chester
of
Real E
E ast
B oston
Mo r t g a g e s
state
H yde
Park
R oxbury
South
Boston
W est
R oxbury
Total
N um ber
of
R eal E sta te
A m ount
J anu ary .
February
M arch . . .
216
171
243
47
45
68
26
28
26
177
158
251
76
47
49
25
17
27
118
81
126
68
44
38
100
78
118
853
669
946
762
640
814
$5,819,903
4,960,923
6,304,216
A p r il
M ay .
Jun e.
210
145
171
64
62
49
20
18
29
246
275
243
87
104
75
40
44
36
128
135
104
58
62
52
96
148
133
884
1,058
892
829
916
840
4,625,028
6,589,579
5,040,753
J u l y ..............
A u gu st
S e p tem b e r.
185
129
141
54
45
74
31
22
29
233
195
200
81
66
94
122
34
82
98
59
32
43
130
73
112
918
671
825
822
639
737
282,143
5,063,315
3,339,448
T o ta ls, 9 m o n th s.
1,611
508
229
1,978
679
293
994
456
968
7,716
6,999
$49,025,308
T o ta ls,
1 st
9
m o n th s , 1912. . .
1,855
408
250
2,114
729
298
1,090
568
1,004
8,316
7,727
68,142,975
O c to b e r . . .
N ovem ber.
D ecem b er.
XII.
EMPLOYMENT CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY THE SCHOOL BOARD
1913
I ssu ed
to
:
K in d
of
To
Sc h o o l
be
MONTH
B oys
Girls
Public
344
229
273
222
142
156
122
87
117
311
214
245
33
15
28
117
80
165
91
111
A p r il
M ay .
Ju n e.
312
382
1,236
194
222
547
118
160
689
263
333
1,059
49
49
177
125
154
602
J u l y .............
A u g u s t ----S ep tem b er.
769
675
1,185
381
346
658
388
329
527
635
574
1,063
134
101
T o ta ls, 9 m o n th s ....................
5,405
2,868
2,537
T o ta ls, 1 st 9 m o n th s, 1912.
4,912
2,480
2,432
Janu ary .
February
M a rc h . . .
E m plo yed
in
:
Certificates
Issued
P rivate
F actories
Stores
Tailorin g
Other
E m ploym ent
111
17
10
12
45
48
39
111
141
350
16
10
22
60
77
262
122
406
306
345
209
218
437
25
11
30
129
140
373
4,697
708
2,246
1,833
153
1,173
4,259
653
1,949
1,997
127
839
O c to b e r . . .
N ovem ber
D ecem b er.
(114)
1.
POLICE DEPARTM ENT
N a t iv it y
A G E A N D SEX OF PE R SO N S A R R E ST E D
1913
D is p o s it io n
R e s id e n c e
T otal
Num ber
[Jnder 10
of
MONTH
10-15
30-36
40-45
35-40
45-50
55-60
50-55
A rrests
M.
F
M.
F.
M.
F
M.
F
M.
F
M.
F
M.
F
M.
F
M.
M.
F
I
220
Born
a »
oPh
D is
charged
2,689
2,480
3,293
3,663
2,910
3,864
4,067
3,267
4,189
2,285
2,123
2,968
6,061
5,244
7,082
291
146
75
230
264
244
289
307
2,737
3,075
3,096
3,508
3,988
3,712
3,837
4,224
4,251
2,408
2,839
2,557
6,181
6,990
6,735
64
73
73
238
238
246
289
303
312
3,269
3,505
3,028
3,744
4,266
3,898
4,279
4,748
4,218
2,734
3,023
2,708
6,922
7,681
6,826
100
6,352
5,390
7,157
5,737
4,921
6,470
615
469
687
136
50
144
363
313
330
805
682 67
861 117
890
678
969
94 665 58
73 582 56
97 759 71
591
496
676
357
374
418
195
245
April.
M a y ..
June .
6,245
7,063
6,808
5,668
6,341
6,105
577
722
703
156
133
160
362
415
469
700 76
795 107
794 71
743 103 720 72 783 86 700 59
925 98 823 110 891 115 714 87
800 92 740 104 816 120 695 100
569
627
634
396
457
418
J u ly ...........
7,013
7,771
6,926
6,388
7,068
6,263
625
703
663
153
209
150
470
526
388
832 72
885 83
812 81
879
84 827 111 854 103 767 80
984 100 917 107 985 121 843 79
840
76 824 99 830 93 768 103
633
687
590
429
460
480
A u g u s t.. ..
September.
H eld
for
Trial
N a tiv e
230
181
241
J an u ary..
February.
March___
89 708 109 748
64 689
69 666
96 893
906
60
and ever Foreign
Born
M. F.
2«6
91
90
October . . .
November
D ecem ber.
T o ta ls, 9 m o s . ..
60,725
54,961 5,764
217 60 1291 75 3636 357 7166 762 7708 807 7118 860 7502 902 6493 693 5503 587 3789 319
2418 190
27,172
33,553
37,080
23,645
59,722
1,003
T o ta ls, 1 st 9
m o s ., 1 9 1 2 ....
55,901
50,560 5,341
176 53 1148 61 3217 323 16716 640 7155 856 6736 728 7238 867 6799 653 4852 528 3400 299 1949 164 2174 169
25,239
30,662
34,596
21,305
53,802
2,099
CAUSES OF ARRESTS
3.
GENERAL WORK
L o d g e r s a t S t a t io n H o u s e s
Lost Children
R estored
W itn esses
D etained
| T otal
M is s in g
M.
J a n u a ry ..
February.
M arch___
3,953
3,t>17
4,989
226
209
386
297
252
273
229
173
163
246
116
39
20
119
15
1,330
869
1,233
6,352
5,390
7,157
494
454
503
42
29
38
41
18
39
16
7
10
117
76
161
7
12
3
9
12
15
9
12
15
April
May .
June.
4,360
4,873
4,485
281
238
294
280
263
245
122
158
220
22
40
30
18
18
21
1,123
1,427
1,448
6,245
7,063
6,808
495
583
614
42
44
47
30
34
47
12
15
21
200
317
339
6
4
5
10
7
3
10
7
3
J u ly ...........
A ugust_
_
September.
4,658
5,330
4,735
365
337
326
302
306
284
118
173
148
46
49
40
16
27
16
1,446
1,514
1,337
7,013
7,771
6,926
J u l y ...............................
673
562
541
58
45
43
45
47
44
21
7
15
224
249
160
11
14
7
1
5
1
1
5
1
T o ta ls , 9 m o s.
41,000
2,662
2,502
380
1,504
628
270
52
11,727
60,725
T o ta ls, 9 m o s .........
4,919
388
lO
T*
C
O
Insane P erson s
Taken in Charge
2.
T he number of arrests in A ugust is the largest ever recorded in one month.
Sick and Injured
Persons A ssisted
(1 1 5 ;
N o t e . — Of the total num ber arrested in the first 9 m onths o f 1913, 38.94 per cent, w ere not residents o f B oston.
1120 152
124
1,843
69
63
T o ta ls, 1 st 9 m o s.,
1 9 1 2 ........................
37,467
2,324
2,459
377
1,223
1,767
171
41
10,072
55,901
T o ta ls, 1 s t 9 m o s .,
1912........................
4,261
322
346
127
1,690
45
97
1913
1913
S►
3 >
O
J
P.Q
<
b
£ o
MONTH
MONTH
A
P erso ns
Reported
Found
R e s id e n c e
Se x
F.
_
-
_
-
NonR esid en t R esident
3
-
6
12
15
1
1
-
9
6
3
_
-
-
-
1
5
1
63
-
5
58
96
1
14
83
October...
November.
December.
N o t e . — Of the total num ber o f arrests in the first 9 m onths o f 1913, 67.52 per cent, w ere fo r drun kenness, as a gain st 67.02 per cent, for the sam e period and cause in 1912.
Reproduced fro th Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of th National Archives
m e
e
XIII.
NUMBER OF ARRESTS, BY SEX, AGE, ETC.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
XIV.
PUBLIC (DAY) SCHOOLS,
1.
J
K IN D OF SCHOOL
1913
NUMBER OF PUPILS
February
March
A p r il
Mat
31
28
31
30
31
une
Se p t e m b e r
Oc to ber
( E n d of
anuary
Se x
30
31
J
N ovem ber Decem ber
30
School Year)
8
202
8
201
8
201
8
200
8
199
8
199
13
182
210
20 9
209
208
207
207
195
H ig h a n d L a t in ......... j G i r l s .................
6 ,3 3 5
7,0 2 4
6 ,2 5 6
6 ,9 3 5
6 ,1 4 0
6 ,8 2 1
6 ,0 3 0
6 ,7 0 4
5 ,8 8 6
6 ,5 6 4
5 ,7 9 0
6 ,4 9 9
7 ,2 9 7
7 ,9 9 8
13 ,3 5 9
13,1 9 1
12,961
1 2,734
12,450
12,289
15,295
( B o y s .................
j G ir ls ..................
4 3 ,5 4 4
4 0,291
43,3 7 2
40,074
4 3 ,2 6 4
39,8 9 4
43 ,0 6 7
3 9 ,7 7 0
43 ,6 3 5
,4 9 ,4 2 2
42 ,5 3 7
3 9 ,4 6 6
31
44,5 5 0
4 1 ,0 7 3
{ B o y s .................
1 G i r l s ................
8 3,835
83,4 4 6
8 3,158
82,837
82,057
8 2 ,0 0 3
85.623
{ B o y s ................
| G i r l s ................
2,9 5 6
2 ,898
2 ,8 4 6
2 ,8 7 3
2,9 3 8
2,917
2,9 7 8
2,9 8 4
2,9 9 5
2 ,9 9 4
3 ,068
3,0 7 9
2 ,6 9 7
2 ,6 8 0
T o t a l s .........
5,8 5 4
5 ,7 1 9
5 ,8 5 5
5 ,9 6 2
5 ,9 8 9
6 ,1 4 7
5 ,3 7 7
( B o y s ................
1 G i r l s .................
5 2,8 4 3
50 ,4 1 5
5 2 ,4 8 2
5 0 ,0 8 3
5 2 ,3 5 0
4 9 ,8 3 3
5 2 ,0 8 3
4 9 ,6 5 8
5 1 ,5 2 4
49 ,1 7 9
5 1 ,4 0 3
4 9 ,2 4 3
5 4,557
5 1 ,9 3 3
T o t a l s ..........
103 ,2 5 8
10 2 ,5 6 5
102,183
101,741
1 0 0 ,7 0 3
100,6 4 6
1 06,4 9 0
N o t e . — N o t included In above table are the Special schools, v iz ., H orace Mann, G irls’ Trade and B o y s ’ Industrial, num bering about 200 boys and 440 girls.
2.
PUPILS IN HIGH AND LATIN SCHOOLS
J a n ’r y
H IG H
AND
L A T IN
SCHOO LS
F e b ’r y
March
A p r il
May
June
Se p t e m b e r
Octo ber
Novem ber
D ecem ber
31
28
31
30
31
(E nd o f
S c h o o l Year)
30
31
30
31
Se x
C ity P r o p e r :
772
575
1,744
1,924
1,270
1,012
588
764
568
1,719
1,887
1,252
1,007
580
756
562
1,692
1,847
1,217
993
574
745
557
1,669
1,822
1,192
978
554
724
547
1,638
1,794
1,158
959
544
717
542
1,606
1,780
1,145
940
544
834
636
1,927
2,181
1,606
1,244
728
( B o y s ........
/ G ir ls .. . .
97
265
93
263
93
261
90
259
87
252
85
250
123
302
T o ta ls ..
362
356
354
349
339
335
425
f B o y s ........
( G i r l s ........
118
286
115
272
104
269
100
262
98
257
97
250
112
287
T o ta ls ..
G ir is ’ H ig h S c h o o l........................
M e c h a n ic A r t s H ig h S c h o o l. . .
H ig h S c h o o l o f C o m m e r c e ----H ig h S c h o o l o f P r a c tic a l A r ts ,
B o y s ........
G i r l s ........
B o y s ........
G i r l s ........
B o y s ........
B o y s ........
G i r l s ........
404
387
373
362
355
347
399
( B o y s ........
| G i r l s ........
581
1,092
582
1,082
575
1,058
566
1,042
548
1,015
536
995
658
1,236
1,673
1,664
1,633
1,608
1,563
1,531
1,894
219
320
212
315
213
308
212
306
259
405
D is tr ic ts :
B r ig h t o n H ig h S c h o o l ................
C h a r le s t o w n H ig h S c h o o l -----
D o r c h e s te r H ig h S c h o o l...........
T o t a ls .
E a s t B o s t o n H ig h S c h o o l.........
( B o y s ........
j G i r l s ........
229
324
222
323
T o ta ls ..
553
545
539
527
521
518
664
H y d e JrarK i i i g n b c n o o i...........
( B o y s ........
j G i r l s ........
167
215
167
214
166
212
163
209
162
208
159
207
206
256
T o ta ls ..
382
381
378
372
370
366
462
( B o y s ........
( G i r l s ........
4
773
4
770
4
753
4
736
4
711
4
705
949
T o t a ls ..
W e s t R o x b u r y H ig h S c h o o l . .
774
757
740
715
709
949
204
466
198
465
192
460
185
448
173
437
167
429
186
473
T o ta ls ..
S o u th B o s t o n H ig h S c h o o l-----
777
( B o y s ........
f G i r l s ........
670
663
652
633
610
596
659
( B o y s ........
| G i r l s ........
137
516
133
511
129
505
126
500
122
491
122
491
142
545
T o ta ls ..
653
644
634
626
613
613
687
( B o y s ........
| G i r l s ........
6,335
7,024
6,256
6,935
6,140
6,821
6,030
6,704
5,886
6,564
5,790
6,499
7,297
7,998
T o ta ls ..
13,359
13,191
12,961
12,734
12,450
12,289
15,295
(116)
^Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
XV.
RECEIPTS OF COAL, BY SEA AND RAIL
Compiled from the Returns of the Boston Chamber of Commerce
DO M ESTIC
FO REIGN
-N E T R E C E IPT S FOR
LOCAL CONSUM PTION
TOTAL
1913
B
y
R
B
a il
y
Sea
B
y
Sea
T
T otal
D om es
MONTH
Anthra
cite
Bitum i
nous
Tons
Tons
Anthra
cite
Total
Tons
Bitum i
nous
Total
otal
F
or
t ic
Anthra
cite
Bitum i
nous
e ig n
Tons
Anthra
cite
Bitumi
nous
Total
Anthra
cite
Bitum i
nous
Total
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
Tons
January................
29,618
4,605
34,223
157.530
340,657
498,187
532,410
37,391
37,391
187,148
382,653
569,801
February.............
12,252
2,577
14,829
109.531
392,048
501.579
516,408
25,200
25,200
121,783
419,825
541,608
M arch...................
10,838
4,756
15,594
93,589
426,990
520.579
536,173
26,445
26,445
104,427
458,191
562,618
April......................
11,769
3,147
14,916
131,247
432,762
564,009
578,925
27,500
27,500
143,016
463,409
606,425
M a y ......................
13,272
3,370
16,642
159,797
414,280
574,077
590,719
13.300
13.300
173,069
430,950
604,019
June......................
11,654
2,949
14,603
153,105
426,899
580,004
594,607
15.750
15.750
164,759
445,598
610,357
Ju ly .......................
10,703
6,728
17,431
156,099
403,250
559,349
576,780
21,876
21,876
166,802
431,854
598,656
A ugust..................
19,363
4,415
23,778
149,143
466,318
615,461
639,239
15.750
15.750
168,506
486,483
654,989
September...........
13,157
3,675
16,832
156,767
430,896
587,663
604,495
13.300
13.300
169,924
447,871
617,795
# 6C "9.......
em
» Totals, mos..
132,626
36,222
168,848 1,266,808 3,734,100
5,000,908 5,169,756
196,512
196,512 1,399,434 3,966,834 5,366,268
Totals, 1st 9
mos., 1912...
117,257
62,804
180,061 1,128,129 3,407,948
4,536,077 4,716,138
235,719
235,719 1,245,386 3,706,471 4,951,857 1,138,763 2,826,166 3,964,92 J
N
XVI.
ote
.—
—
The figures for local consumption are not obtainable until the close of the year.
RECEIPTS, CONSUMPTION AND EXPORTS OF FLOUR
Compiled from the Returns of the Boston Chamber of Commerce
S t o c k o f F l o u r , F i r s t Day o f M o n th
E x po r ts o f F lou r
Total
R etained
1913
Total
At
R ailroad
D epots
and
on Tracks
On
Through
B ills for
E xport
Total
B bls.
Bbls.
B bls.
B bls.
January..............
17,383
41,958
6,000
65,341
227,779
293,120
82,817
February.............
20,511
35,995
1,500
58,006
166,074
224,080
M arch..................
17,964
34,891
1,500
54,355
166,979
A p r il...................
19,845
36,921
1,500
58,266
M ay......................
18,440
39,466
2,550
J une.....................
18,904
32,963
J u ly .....................
17,043
A u gu st................
Septem ber..........
Month
Supply
To
Europe,
Etc.
B bls.
B bls.
B bls.
for
To
B ritish
Provinces
in North
A m erica
L ast D ay
Total
B bls.
Stock
for L ocal
Receipts
Consum p
of
tion
M onth
B bls.
B bls.
B bls.
242
83,059
152,055
58,006
102,841
272
103,113
66,612
54,355
221,334
59,617
785
60,402
102,666
58,266
164,917
223,183
83,673
585
84,258
78,469
60,456
60,456
159,488
219,944
62,202
1,120
63,322
103,795
52,827
900
52,827
125,106
177,933
63,082
370
63,452
70,667
43,814
25,271
1,500
43,814
119,710
163,524
27,947
510
28,457
9],541
43,526
15,639
26,687
1,200
43,526
175,210
218,736
55,498
857
56,355
121,921
40,460
17,098
21,862
1,500
40,460
164,213
204,673
53,329
934
54,263
104,609
45,801
1,469,476
riONTH
591,006
5,675
596,681
892,335
1,354,629
415,080
4,782
419,862
943,221
In Store
Totals, 1st 9
(117)
NATIONAL BANK STATISTICS,
Reproduced fro the Unclassified
m
XVII.
1913
LOANS
C LEARINGS
Week Ending
Saturday
Increase or
D ecrease from
P revious
W eek
1913
Increase or
D ecrease from
Previous
W eek
1913
Increase or
D ecrease from
Previous
W eek
R E Q U IR E D R E SE R V E
(One Quarter of Net Deposits)
1913
Increase or
D ecrease from
Previous
W eek
A C T U A L R E SE R V E
1913
Increase or
D ecrease from
P revious
W eek
SU R PL U S R E SE R V E
1913
P e r Cent.
of
A ctual
Increase or
R eserve
D ecrease from
to N et
P revious
D eposits
W eek
$180,567,146
180,038,670
204,208,918
174,419,754
January
February
22 (5 days)
March
1913
N E T D E PO SIT S
1 ...................
+$48,795,084
—528,476
-j-24,170,248
—29,789,164
$216,381,000
214.090.000
216,575,00C
218.950.000
+$1,142,000
—2,291,000
+2,485,000
+2,375,000
$213,050,000
216.403.000
226.653.000
228.199.000
+$5,090,000
+3,353,000
+10,250,000
+1,546,000
$53,262,500
54,100,7 50
56.663.250
57.049.750
+$1,272,500
$60,524,500
67.903.000
75.963.500
75.712.500
+$3,410,000
+7,378,500
+8,060,500
—251,000
$7,262,000
13,80-2,250
19.300.250
18.662.750
+$•2,137,500
+ +386,500
i,498,000
—637,500
28.41
31.38
33.51
33.18
159,866,877
190,646,586
166,718,820
169,022,584
—14,552,877
+30,779,709
—23,927,766
+2,303,764
223.021.000
227,4-44,000
234.657.000
238.613.000
+4,071,000
+4,403,000
+7,233,000
+3,956,000
225.967.000
226.706.000
228.112.000
236.875.000
—2,232,000
+739,000
+1,406,000
+8,763,000
56.491.750
56.676.500
57.028.000
59.218.750
—558,000
+184,750
+351,500
+2,190,750
70.234.500
67.420.000
61.291.500
67.157.500
—5,478,000
—2,814,500
-6,128,500
+5,866,000
13.742.750
10,743,500
4.263.500
7.938.750
—4,920,000
—2,999,250
—6,480,000
+3,675,250
31.08
29.74
26.87
28.35
188,959,186
180,046,355
156,354,139
151,313,915
150,794,870
+19,9S6,C0"2
—8,912,831
—23,692,216
—5,040,224
—519,045
224.826.000
225.870.000
229.396.000
228.665.000
225.916.000
—13,787,000
+1,044,000
+3,526,000
—731,000
—2,749,000
222.754.000
220.622.000
221.347.000
219.045.000
217.492.000
—14,121,000
55.688.500
55.155.500
55.336.750
54.761.250
54.373.000
—3,530,250
—533,000
+181,250
—575,500
—388,250
65.415.000
62.602.500
60.139.500
59.497.500
60.168.000
—1,742,500
—2,812,500
—2,463,000
—642,000
+670,500
9.726.500
7.447.000
4.802.750
4.736.250
5.795.000
+1,787,750
—2,279,500
—2,644,750
—66,500
+1,058,750
29.37
28.38
27.17
27.16
27.66
54.605.500
54.881.250
56.042.250
55.962.000
+232,500
+275,750
+1,161,000
—80,250
62.611.500
64.076.500
68.962.500
69.103.500
+2,443,500
+1,465,000
+4,886,000
+141,000
8.006.000
9.195.250
12.920.250
13.141.500
+ 2,211,000
-1,189,250
-3,725,000
+221,250
28.67
29.19
30.76
30.87
—2,132,000
+725,000
—2,302,000
—1,553,000
A pril
5 .......................
12.......................
19 (5 d a y s )..,
26.......................
186,687,944
155,628,327
142,946,427
165,641,111
+35,893,0174
—31,059,617
—12,681,900
+22,694,684
223.976.000
223.150.000
223.092.000
223.427.000
—1,940,000
—826,000
—58,000
+335,000
218.422.000
219.525.000
224.169.000
223.848.000
M ay
3...................
10...................
17...................
24...................
31 (5 days) —
162,511,800
160,092,899
157,694,627
139,005,213
110,791,126
-3,129,311
—2,418,901
—2,398,272
—18,689,414
-28,214,087
224.856.000
224.602.000
225.081.000
224.541.000
226.410.000
+1,429,000
—254,000
+479,000
—540,000
+1,869,000
224.588.000
223.490.000
224.280.000
224.599.000
222.616.000
+740,000
—1,098,000
+790,000
+319,000
-1,983,000
56.147.000
55.872.500
56.070.000
56.149.750
55.654.000
+185,000
—274,500
+197,500
+79,750
—495,750
67.767.500
67.639.500
67.786.500
68.811.500
64.513.500
-1,336,000
—128,000
+147,000
+25,000
—4,298,000
11.620.500
11.767.000
11.716.500
12.661.750
8.859.500
—1,521,000
-f-146,500
—50,500
+945,250
—3,802,250
30.17
30.27
30.22
30.64
28.98
160,476,699
154,167,772
137,795,076
131,285,229
+49,685,573
—6,308,927
—16,372,696
—6,509,847
230.667.000
228.794.000
226.011.000
226.770.000
+4,257,000
—1,873,000
—2,783,000
+759,000
232.301.000
228.097.000
•227,192,000
224.979.000
+9,685,000
—4,204,000
—905,000
—2,213,000
58.075.250
57.024.250
56.798.000
56.244.750
+2,421.250
—1,051,000
—226,250
—553,250
69.824.500
67.524.000
69.962.500
67.334.000
+5,311,000
—2,300,500
+2,438,500
—2,628,500
11.749.250
10.499.750
13.164.500
11.089.250
+2,889,750
30.06
29.60
30.79
29.93
157,938,357
142,433,051
179,828,115
134,189,597
+26,653,128
—15,505,306
+37,395,064
—45,638,518
227.086.000
225.033.000
225.428.000
223.617.000
+316,000
—2,053,000
+395,000
—1,811,000
222.292.000
224.473.000
227.841.000
223.777.000
—2,687,000
+2,181,000
+3,368,000
—4,064,000
55.573.000
56.118.250
56.960.250
55.944.250
—671,750
+545,250
+842,000
—2,263,000
9.498.000
13.120.250
15.416.750
14.791.750
—1,591,250
+3,622,250
2,296,500
— 1 ,016,000
65.071.000
69.238.500
72.377.000
70.736.000
137,742,003
128,268,165
136,780,364
222.963.000
222.551.000
223.121.000
225.771.000
226.250.000
—654,000
—412,000
+570,000
+2,650,000
+479,000
220.521.000
220.770.000
222.380.000
224.528.000
225.197.000
—3,256,000
+249,000
+1,610,000
+2,148,000
+669,000
55.150.250
55.192.500
55.595.000
56.132.000
56.299.250
—814,000
+62,250
+402,500
--537,000
—167,250
68.007.000
67.112.000
69.753.000
69.588.000
69.602.000
—2,729,000
—895,000
12.876.750
11.919.500
14.158.000
13.456.000
13.302.750
—1,915,000
111,521,733
+3,552,406
—9,473,838
+8,512,199
—6,554,418
—18,704,213
—153,250
30.84
30.40
31.37
30.99
30.91
118,804,147
138,350,069
140,839,537
132,498,431
+7,282,414
+19,545,922
+2,489,468
—8,341,106
228.581.000
233.075.000
234.266.000
234.562.000
+2,331,000
+4.494,000
+1,191,000
+296,000
224.754.000
227.556.000
229.747.000
229.416.000
—443,000
+2,802,000
+2,191,000
—331,000
56.188.500
56.889.000
57.436.750
57.354.000
—110,750
+700,500
+547,750
—82,750
67.299.000
65.965.000
66.772.500
66,181,750
—2,303,000
—1,334,000
11.110.500
9.076.000
9.335.750
8.827.750
—2,19-2,250
—2,034,500
+259,750
—508,000
29.94
28.99
29.06
28.85
June
J u ly
7
.............................
14...................
21 (5 d a y s ).
28...................
o (5 d a y s )..
1-2..........................
19.....................
26......................
A ugust
130,2-25,946
Septem ber 6 (5 d a y s )_
_
13..........................
20.........................
27.........................
October
Novem ber
-3,138,500
—1,641,000
+2,641,000
—165,000
+14,000
+807,500
—590,750
—1,249,500
+2,664,750
—2,075,-250
—625,000
—957,250
+2,238,500
—702,000
29.27
30.84
31.77
31.61
4 ...................
11...................
18 (5 d a y s ).
25...................
1.
15.................
22.................
29 (5 days).
D ecem ber
6 ...................
13.................
20...................
27 (5 d a y s ).
Total, 9 m onths.........
Total, 1 st 9 m os., 1 9 1 2
$6,007,101,585
6,622,088,864
NOTE.— T he above table show s the w eek ly transactions o f the fourteen N ational B anks o f the B oston C learing H ouse, w ith the excep tion o f “ C learings,” w hich also inclu de the transactions o f the other N ational
B anks and the variou s T ru st Com panies in B oston.
I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
COMPILED FROM THE RETURNS OF THE BOSTON CLEARING HOUSE
^
’ Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
XVIII.
1.
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS — PORT OF BOSTON
NUMBER AND TONNAGE OF VESSELS IN FOREIGN TRADE
N U M BER OF V E SSE L S
1913
Cle a r e d
E ntered
MONTH
Number
TONNAGE OF V E SSELS
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
Number
T otal
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
Number
E ntered
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
Tonnage
for
Month
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
Cle a r e d
Tonnage
for
Month
T o tal
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
Total
for
Month
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
97
+16
52
+4
149
+20
250,346
+15,532
118,130
+ 43,819
F e b r u a r y ..
76
+12
42
—7
118
+5
220,257
+ 51,182
119,873
+ 518
340,130
+ 51,700
M a r c h .........
79
+2
65
+5
144
+7
231,974
+ 3 ,296
124,502
—16,132
356,476
— 12,836
A p r i l ...........
119
+1
88
+5
207
+6
240,846
—21,590
142,898
— 14,003
383,744
- 3 5 ,5 9 3
M a y .............
147
+6
125
+8
272
+14
245,021
—41,354
159,339
— 12,928
404,360
— 54,282
J u n e ...........
157
+19
129
+16
286
+35
282,902
+ 2 9 ,1 0 1
215,639
+ 34,570
498,541
+ 63,671
J u l y ...........
155
-3 4
145
—8
300
— 42
224,235
-8 8 ,9 7 9
252,947
+39,971
477,182
— 49,008
A u g u s t.. . .
171
+2
148
-
319
+2
289,204
— 13,974
250,085
+ 37,455
539,289
+ 23,481
S e p te m b e r .
185
+35
146
+25
331
+60
369,804
+ 95,530
245,088
+ 41,160
614,892
+ 136,690
1,186
+59
940
+48
2,126
+107
2,354,589
+ 2 8 ,7 4 4
1,628,501
+154,430
3,983,090
+183,174
J a n u a r y ...
368,476 .
+ 59,351
N ovem ber.
D ecem b er.
T o ta ls,
9 m o n th s
2.
VALUE OF IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
IMPORTS
E X PO R TS
T O TAL T R A D E
1913
V alue
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
V alue
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
V alue
Increase
or D ecrease
from 1912
$16,380,274
+ $ 4 ,8 2 1 ,6 5 0
$6,029,274
+ $ 1 ,961,020
$22,409,548
+ $6,782,670
13,307,088
+1,747,393
6,577,260
+882,625
19,884,348
+2,630,018
13,091,103
—2,072,095
6,005,858
+711,044
19,096,961
— 1,361,051
13,122,146
-1 ,6 1 9 ,9 2 5
6,538,534
+ 105,759
19,660,680
— 1,514,166
9,639,729
—5,400,863
5,245,941
— 765,449
14,885,670
—6,166,312
8,710,387
— 1,518,219
5,086,964
+ 944,191
13,797,351
— 574,028
8,106,008
—4,678,102
5,744,442
+963,494
13,850,450
— 3,714,608
8,988,524
—6,701,770
7,119,032
+ 1,928,391
16,107,556
— 4,773,379
12,178,977
+1,934,233
6,227,487
+ 5 4 1 ,8 6 5
18,406,464
+ 2,476,098
$103,524,236
MONTH
— $13,487,698
$54,574,792
+ $7 ,2 7 2 ,9 4 0
$158,099,028
— $6,214,758
O c t o b e r .......................................
N o v e m b e r .................................
N o t e . — Of the total value o f exp orts for the nin e months, 2.08 per cent., or $1,135,686, pertains to foreign m erchandise exported
from Boston. In the first nine months of 1913,{the total im ports decreased 11.53 per cent., and the total exp orts increased 15.38 per
cen t., as com pared w ith the sam e period in 1912.
(119)
COMMERCIAL STATISTICS — PORT OF BOSTON — Concluded
Arrival and Tonnage of Vessels from Domestic Ports — Compiled from the Returns of the Boston Chamber of Commerce
FROM EA STER N PORTS
FROM SOUTHERN PORTS
T
Steam
ers
MONTH
Sailing
Vessels
Tugs
T
otal
Steam
ers
Barges
Gross
Tonnage
Number
Sailing
Vessels
T ugs
G R AND TOTAL
f;
&
1913
T
otal
Gross
Tonnage
Number
Sailing
Vessels
Steam
ers
Barges
Tugs
otal
Barges
Gross
Tonnage
Number
122
116
120
32
33
37
115
107
114
224
195
197
493
451
468
659,975
650,399
659,568
120
109
117
26
23
26
95
102
87
52
57
58
293
291
288
183,160
184,066
208,268
242
225
237
58
56
63
210
209
201
276
252
255
786
742
756
843,135
834,465
867,836
April............................................................
137
136
160
29
43
41
114
128
118
236
256
246
516
563
565
744,170.
752,107
913,130
117
132
133
43
77
87
132
123
123
84
78
64
376
410
407
231,336
267,683
259,443
254
268
293
72
120
128
246
251
241
320
334
310
892
973
972
975,506
1,019,790
1,172,573
J u ly .............................................................
August........................................................
September..................................................
158
162
161
33
64
47
119
121
120
241
257
254
551
604
582
879,339
938,936
954,296
183
186
161
73
75
83
101
88
58
74
75
53
431
424
355
319,067
364,430
285,339
341
348
322
106
139
130
220
209
178
315
332
307
982
1,028
937
1,198,406
1,303,366
1,239,635
Totals, 9 mos....................................
1,272
359
1,056
2,106
4,793
7,151,920
1,258
513
909
595
3,275
2,302,792
2,530
872
1,965
2,701
8,068
9,454,712
Totals, 1st 9 mos., 1918..................
1,220
389
1,008
1,979
4,596
7,018,847
971
570
768
546
2,855
2,250,223
2,191
959
1,776
2,525
7,451
9,269,070
February....................................................
M arch.........................................................
(120)
N
XIX.
ote.
— Fishing Vessels (see Table below) and pleasure craft are not included in tlie foregoing.
RECEIPTS OF FISH
LANDED AT BOSTON BY AMERICAN FISHING VESSELS
Compiled from Reports of the United States Bureau of Fisheries
1913
MONTH
M
C
od
CuSK
H
addock
H
ake
P
o llock
Fresh
Fresh
Fresh
Fresh
Fresh
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
H
H
ackerel
O
Fresh
Pounds
um ber
T
is h
Salted
Fresh
Salted
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
Pounds
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
r ip s
Pounds
-
4,367,200
4,473,500
4,735,000
435,350
270,750
309,700
177,125
114,890
114,600
62,630
33,361
91,225
June..............................................
2,193,400
1,899,675
2,133,030
525,800
274,400
195,900
4,256,250
2,513,300
2,980,550
834,100
798,900
1,455,900
269,150
173,500
236,600
134,480
77,680
220,815
1,329,300
62,400
Ju ly ..............................................
August.........................................
September...................................
1,835,750
2,350,900
2,567,607
170,000
218,300
99,320
4,217,350
4,054,000
4,311,605
695,550
867,500
859,860
392,400
671,500
974,640
165,735
163,600
62,544
757,900
1,050,160
227,028
19,400
36,600
4,400
Totals, 9 mos......................
16,118,712
2,298,820
35,908,755
6,527,610
3,124,405
1,012,070
3,364,388
122,800
Totals, 1st 9 mos., 1912..
18,732,400
2,130,800
40,084,400
5,836,150
2,542,600
697,315
2,462,795
143,000
F
Fresh
307,600
201,000
306,500
* 140,400 pounds fresh swordfish, 5,000 pounds salted swordfish.
N
ther
or
1,121,500
764,250
1,252,600
February.....................................
TOTAL
e r r in g
a l ib u t
F
resh
Pounds
F
is h
Value
Salted
F
is h
Pounds
Value
-
-
-
266
212
276
6,471,405
5,857,751
6,959,625
$236,937
236,698
210,277
* 145,400
333
205
271
8,213,180
5,737,455
8,692,495
200,582
144,708
296,543
67,400
$3,840
-
t l , 282,750
t664,400
626,628
352
417
331
9,517,435
10,040,360
9,729,232
329,547
322,584
321,568
19,400
36,600
{4,900
576
2,121
245
150,000
-
2,719,178
2,663
71,218,938
$2,299,444
128,300
$6,782
6,100
-
1,892,750
2,668
74,385,310
1,971,059
143,000
7,822
150,000
-
.
t AH fresh swordfish.
| Includes 500 pounds salted hake.
Reproduced fro th Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of th National Archives
m e
e
XVIII.
3.
.......................
„
....
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
XX.
INDOOR PUBLIC BATHS, OPEN ALL THE YEAR
N u m b er of B a th s T ak en , Y ear 1913
N
ame
March
April
M ay
June
July
August
September October November December
T
o ta ls,
T
o t a l s ,,
9 months.
1st 9 mos.
1912.
North Bennetstreet Bath
house:
Totals.
13,979
3,288
15,231
4,159
13,943
3,858
12,751
3,809
10,920
3,107
108,342
28,380
117,139
33,551
9,809
14,662
14,465
17,267
19,390
17,801
16,560
14,027
136,722
150,690
6,460
1,884
8,679
2,251
7,956
1,869
9,864
2,436
13,270
3,161
15,024
3,408
13,462
2,471
6,695
1,895
89,333
21,23i
86,032
21,236
8,344
10,930
9,825
12,300
16,431
18,432
15,933
8,590
110,564
107,268
11,891
3,869
8.976
2.976
12,928
4,064
13,105
3,833
15,547
4,618
20,166
6,241
21,738
6,200
22,373
5,565
14,599
5,762
141,323
43,128
117,924
33,394
11,952
16,992
16,938
20,165
26,407
27,938
27,938
20,361
184,451
151,318
3,013
890
2,576
660
3,822
1,011
1,906
955
6,016
1,199
5,975
1,006
4,392
1,014
30,700
6,735
3,903
M a le s...
Fem ales.
11,731
2,734
15,760
Totals.
11,781
2,881
9,779
:(
7,856
1,953
7,923
1,856
Totals.
10,150
2,591
12,741
Dover-street
f M a les...
Bath-house: j Females.
Charlestown
Bath-house
January February
3,236
1,833
5,861
7,215
6,981
5,406
37,435
5,344
5,412
4,123
25,084
29,619
M ales. . .
■Fem ales.
A
Totals.
Charlesbank
/
,
Gymnasium: \ M ales-
1,095
913
1,183
1,733
2,321
South Boston f M a le s...
Gymnasium: \ Females.
3,325
825
2,515
456
2,821
455
2,255
525
2,240
510
2,460
640
3,295
1,010
3,941
950
3,476
828
26,328
6,199
33,360
7,388
4,150
2,971
3,276
2,780
2,750
3,100
4,305
4,891
4,304
32,527
40,748
2,090
460
1,550
362
2,316
467
2,306
565
2,885
586
3,981
544
3,918
1,083
4,151
695
2,691
493
25,888
5,255
31,383
6,957
2,550
1,912
2,783
2,871
3,471
4,525
5,001
4,846
3,184
31,143
38,340
1,434
142
1,179
103
1,528
101
1,367
135
1,639
115
2,156
263
2,291
470
2,539
373
1,637
214
15,770
1,916
13,169
1,493
1,576
1,282
1,629
1,502
1,754
2,419
2,761
2,912
1,851
17,e
14,662
6,343
3,360
4,994
2,821
6,214
3,090
5,177
2,159
4,513
1,198
2,855
568
3,225
765
3,480
610
2,750
410
39,551
14,981
40,787
16,129
9,703
7,815
9,304
7,336
5,711
3,423
3,990
4,090
3,160
54.532
56,916
2,290
1,670
785
2,395
970
2,040
955
2,565
930
2,275
970
2,250
945
2,285
860
1,575
745
19,345
8,050
28,060
14,722
3,180
2,455
3,365
2,995
3,495
3,245
3,195
3,145
2,320
27,395
42,782
7,572
2,211
5,999
1,689
7,473
2,022
5,978
1,277
6,781
1,082
7,577
1,418
8,379
2,027
8,840
1,702
5,288
1,570
63,887
14,998
57,428
19,565
9,495
7,255
7,863
8,995
10,406
10,542
6,858
78,885
76,993
Totals.
Ward 7
f M a le s...
Gymnasium: \ Fem ales.
Totals.
Ward 9
f M a le s...
Gymnasium: \ Females.
Totals.
Ward 16
f M a le s...
Gymnasium: \ Females.
Totals.
Copley
School: f
M a le s...
Fem ales.
Totals..
E ast Boston
( M a le s...
Gymnasium: \ Females.
Totals.
Curtis Hall
Building:
9,783
Girls’ Latin
School: %
9,183
3,513
13,390
4,539
11,125
4,228
12,870
2,356
14,503
4,887
19,071
5,429
17,078
4,527
13,910
4,993
123,003
38,827
104,471
32,207
12,696
17,929
15,353
15,226
19,390
24,500
21,605
18,903
161,830
136,678
3,476
1,333
2,222
619
5,698
1,952
2,841
Totals.
11,873
4,355
16,228
M ales...
Fem ales.
7,650
M ales.
Female
Totals.
G
rand
T
otals
M a le s...
Fem ales.
65,986
20,559
51,295
16,542
73,721
21,730
67,349
18,940
79,026
18,130
92,340
23,806
104,494
26,394
105,763
23,901
74,278
21,650
714,252
191,652
659,372
186,642
86,545
67,837
95,451
86,289
97,156
116,146
130,888
129,664
95,928
905,904
846,014
* Charlestown Bath-house opened March 3, 1913.
t Open evenings only.
(1 2 1 )
$ Opened August 1,1913.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
XXI.
W ater
S u p p l ie d
1913
MONTH
Total Gallons
R
efu se
T o n s of
A sh es,
Etc.
R
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
em oved
T o n s of
Garbage
Streets C
Tons of
D irt
Removed
P
S t r e e t s O il e d
leaned
Sq. Yds.
Cleaned
Once
L oads
Spread
Sq. Yds.
Oiled
Once
J a n u a r y ........................................
2,662,376,100
42,430
6,519
9,765
32,838,001
F e b r u a r y .....................................
2.525.930.400
37,881
6,267
3,467
13,778,434
M a r c h ............................................
2,466,288,700
40,111
6,451
7,759
27,009,174
A p r i l ...............................................
2.279.028.000
32,413
6,114
7,197
31,122,569
1,331
4,193,197
M a y ................................................
2,375,393,600
30,746
6,248
8,702
36,726,286
1,916
6,389,371
J u n e ................................................
2.345.892.000
26,797
6,413
9,267
29,991,455
2,263
8,156,058
J u l y .................................................
2.487.328.400
21,013
6,979
7,820
37,002,968
1,816
A u g u s t ..........................................
2,400,252,500
21,133
6,869
6,438
31,643,183
S e p t e m b e r ..................................
2.366.484.000
24,064
6,991
6,379
Totals, 9 months...........
21,908,973,700
276,588
58,851
66,794
For
S tr e e t
O p e n in g s
XXII.
N
I ssu ed
e r m it s
All
O th e rs
orth
F
Total
and
South
e r r ie s
P assen g e rs
C a rr ie d
V e h ic le s
C a r r ie d
1,003
970
1,973
464,749
832
706
1,538
413,202
62,729
1,068
1,210
2,278
488,193
69,480
908
1,339
2,247
494,686
74.751
1,141
1,447
2,588
537,515
89,334
903
1,535
2,438
528,437
89,247
6,936,617
1,359
1,064
2,423
506,805
94,327
1,123
4,701,449
1,326
1,050
2,376
524,030
92,158
31,481,448
1,046
4,396,870
1,223
1,081
2,304
530,776
89.751
271,593,518
9,591
35,173,564
9,763
10,402
20,165
4,488,393
733,774
10
86
64,733
275,269
71,997
MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS — NUMBER OF ADMISSIONS
F
1913 — flONTH
T
Saturdays
January ....................................................................................
1,899
3,202
February...................................................................................
1,515
5,230
4,825
1,820
2,515
1,326
Sundays
7,381
9,756
13,737
8,841
1,670
4,290
3,090
1,696
A u g u st......................................................................................
2,433
4,018
2,026
3,534
Septem ber.................................................................................
3,059
2,766
3,320
7,806
Totals, 9 m onths...................................................... ........
20,255
30,659
20,238
30,543
Totals, 1st 9 months, 1912. ..........................................
r e e
P 4JD
8,119
5,424
2,374
Other D ays
o ta l
Total
7,358
17,941
19,840
6,209
5,976
21,195
22,710
24,538
19,927
18,274
26,358
22,442
6,796
7,065
2,032
9,152
19,600
10,822
2,944
3,087
7,344
9,941
2,526
13,098
9,777
13,959
16,157
66,758
43,993
141,410
161,665
65,328
46,225
142,096
162,334
N o t e . — A t the M useum School there are 267 art students, 207 women and 60 men.
G e n e r a l N o t e . — A s the B u l l e t i n is sent to m any officials and institutions in other cities and countries, the follo w in g statem ent is introduced in
explanation o f the nature and source of the data contained in the tables referred t o :
Table III. The M assachusetts Cremation Society is a private organization to w hich the only crem atory in B oston belongs. The Mt. A uburn Crem a
tory is a part of Mt. A uburn Cemetery (C am bridge), a private corporation.----- T able IV . is com piled from returns m ade by the C emetery D ep artm en t.-----Table Y I. Compiled from statistics fu rn ish ed by the various departm ents in charge of the institution s referred t o .----- T able V II. is com piled from data
fu rn ish ed by the Comm issioner-General o f Im m igration, at W a sh in g to n .-----T able IX . (1) The B righton A battoir is the only authorized abattoir w ith in the
city lim its. It b elongs to a private com pany, but is subject to the oversight and regulation of the H ealth D epartm ent o f the city, in accordance w ith Chapter
144 o f the A cts o f the L egislature o f 1876. (2) The H ealth D epartm ent derives its authority to order houses w hich it deem s unlit for hum an habitation to be
vacated or dem olished from Chapter 219, A cts o f 1897, and Chapter 222, A cts of 1899. (3) The R evised L aw s (Chapters 56 and 57) require the m ayor and
alderm en o f cities, and perm it the selectm en o f tow ns, to appoint inspectors o f milk and inspectors of viceg a r, and prescribe regu lation s relatin g to the
storage and sale o f m ilk and vinegar. B y special acts of the L egislature (see Chapter 813, A cts of 1893, and Chapter 449, A cts o f 1895) the appointm ent o f
milk inspectors in B oston is vested in the B oston B oard of H ea lth .----- Table X I. is com piled from data fu rn ish ed by the R eal E state E x ch a n g e and
A uction Board o f transfers and m ortgages o f real estate recorded at the Suffolk R egistry of D e e d s.-----Table X IV . Number o f pupils m eans w hole num ber
o f pu pils belonging, *. < enrolled on the dates specified, as returned to the Superintendent o f S chools.----- T ables X V . and X V I. are com piled from the books
?.,
o f the B oston Chamber of C om m erce.----- T able X V II. is com piled from the w eek ly statem ents o f the B oston C learing H ou se.------Table X V III. is m ade up in
part from data furnished the Statistics D epartm ent by the C ollector of C ustom s of the port of B oston, and in part from the m arine books o f the Cham
ber o f C om m erce.-----T able X X . is com piled from the books of the Park and R ecreation D ep a rtm en t.------T able X X II. is com piled from data fu rn ish ed by
th e M useum o f T in e A rts, w hich is a quasi-public in stitu tion .
(122)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
A P P E N D IX .
BOSTON SCHOOL CENSUS, 1913.
The total number of persons from 5 to 15 years of age (i. < ., not
?
including those of 15) constitutes the “ School Population” — which
does not include those who attend the Evening Schools — since
that number, as determined by the School Census, is used by the
State authorities as the basis of apportioning the Massachusetts
School Fund. The main results of the last annual School Census
in Boston, taken in September, 1913, under direction of the School
Committee, are set forth, by wards, in Table I., printed on the
following page. Table II. shows the distribution and movement
of the school population, by wards, for the five years 1909-1913.
Inspection of Table I. shows that: (1) of 127,025, the total
number of persons 5 to 15 years of age in the City, 63,691, or 50.14
per cent., were boys, and 63,334, or 49.86 per cent., were girls;
(2) 92,664, or 72.95 per cent., were in the public schools, 20,743, or
16.33 per cent., in private schools, and 13,618, or 10.72 per cent.,
were not in any school; (3) 26,603, or 20.94 per cent., were 5 and 6
years of age, 88,152, or 69.40 per cent., were from 7 to 13, and
12,270, or 9.66 per cent., were 14 years of age.
In 1913, Ward 20 contained the largest quota of the school
population, while Ward 10 had the smallest, the figures being 14,982
and 1,329 respectively. The largest number in the public schools
was 11,593, in Ward 20, and the smallest was 1,152, in Ward 10; the
largest number in private schools was 2,886, in Ward 19, the smallest
being 50, in Ward 10. The number not attending school exceeded
500 in eleven wards, viz., 2,142 in Ward 20, 1,045 in Ward 19, 951
in Ward 17, 917 in Ward 22, 797 in Ward 6, 758 in Ward 2, 711 in
Ward 8, 706 in Ward 1, 629 in Ward 24, 557 in Ward 9, and 552
in Ward 25. The smallest number in this category was 9 in
Ward 5.
To facilitate comparison of the results of the School Census of
1913 with those of previous years, we have introduced the following
summary, which shows the total number of persons 5 to 15 years
of age in the City; the number in public and private schools; the
number not attending school, and the annual gain or loss in each
year of the period 1908-1913:
years alluded to; and the number not in school was 860 less
in 1913 than in 1912, against an average annual increase of 937
for the period 1908-1912.
In the five years 1908-1912, the average annual number of
persons 5 to 15 years of age in the public schools constituted 74.44
per cent, of the total school population; in private schools, 16.19
per cent., and not attending any school, 9.37 per cent.
The following summary statement, taken from the Annual
Statistics, prepared by the Superintendent of Schools, shows the
number of pupils of all ages enrolled in the public day schools on
June 30 (or at the close of the school year) for the five years 1909
to 1913, inclusive.
N umber
of p u p il s
enrolled
in
day sc h o o ls .
p u b l ic
ON J U N E
3 0 OF EACH YEAR
DAY S C H O O LS
1909.
1911.
1912.
1913.
207
8,869
80,746
5,816
165
216
9,982
80,935
5,982
281
221
10,989
79,468
5,548
360
225
11,793
81,134
6,131
432
215
12,289
82,358
6,210
510
95,803
High and L atin.................................
1910.
97,396
96,586
99,715
101,582
The next summary shows the total registration, average number
belonging, average attendance and percentage of attendance in
the day schools and the evening schools for the last school year.
R e g is t r a t io n ,
e t c .,
in
all p u b l ic
schools
for year
1912-13.
Total
Number
Regis
tered
W.
Average
Number
Belong
ing
(2)
Average
Number
A ttend
ing
(3)
High and L atin......................
Elem entary.............................
Kindergarten...............
215
14,783
92,196
7,484
828
210
13,331
83,170
5,769
598
206
12,516
76,749
4,527
532
98.10
93.89
92.28
78.47
8 8.96
97.67
90.18
90.21
77.08
72.22
Totals, D ay Schools.. . .
115,506
103,078
94,530
91.71
89.24
T rade........................................
6,275
11,671
913
331
4,078
6,264
505
185
3,265
4,952
390
134
80.06
79.05
77.23
72.43
64.99
53.67
55.31
55.89
Totals, Evening Schools.
19,190
11,032
8,741
79.23
57.49
Continuation School. . . .
1,033
318
263
82.70
30.78
Totals, All Schools.........
135,729
114,428
103,534
90.48
84.31
DAY S C H O O L S
N u m b e r o f p e r s o n s 5 t o 15 y e a r s o f age.
IN
P R IV A T E
SCH O O LS
N O T A T T E N D IN G
SC H O O L
TOTAL N U M B ER
I N C IT Y
Number
Annual Gain (+ )
or Loss (— )
I Annual Gain (+ )
! o Loss (— )
r
Number
Annual Gain (+ )
o Loss (— )
r
Number
Number
Y ear
Annual Gain (+ )
o Loss (-—)
r
1
I N P U B L IC
SC H O O LS
111,450
115,527
117,244
118,816
125,178
+ 7,300
+ 4,077
+1,717
+1,572
+ 6,302
Per Cent, Per Cent,
of 3 to 2 of 2 to 1
E V E N IN G S C H O O L S
H igh ..........................................
1908...............
1909...............
1 9 1 0 .............
1911...............
1912...............
83,494 + 5,968
88,704 +5,210
88,064 — 640
87,690 —374
89,894 + 2 ,2 0 4
17,060 +231
17,912 + 8 5 2
19,263 +1,351
20,215 + 952
20,806 +591
10,896
8,911
9,917
10,911
14,478
Average,
5 Years, . .
87,569 +2,474
19,051
+795
11,023
+ 937 117,643 + 4 ,206
1913...............
92,664 +2,770
20,743
— 03
13,618
—860 127,025 +1,847
+ 1,101
—1,985
+1,006
+ 994
+ 3,567
It appears from the foregoing that the school population of
Boston numbered 1,847 more in 1913 than in 1912. There was
an increase in 1913 from 1912 of 2,770 in the public schools, as
against an average annual increase of 2,474 for the five years
1908-1912. In private schools the number was less than in 1912
by 63, against an average annual increase of 795 for the five
The school year of the day schools in Boston covers ten months
from September to June, inclusive, and from the monthly tables
published in T h e B u l l e t i n ( see “ Table XIV., Public D ay Schools,
1912,” in Volume X IV., and the same table in the current volume),
it appears that the number of pupils of all ages enrolled in the
schools (not including special schools) on September 30, 1912,
was 103,556, that the maximum enrollment was 104,737, on Octo
ber 31, 1912, and the mean enrollment for the ten months 102,786,
against 100,738 for the corresponding ten months of 1911-1912.
(123)
iHSwiiBBWMPIWllllWilllWMlBWlMiBnilWWWWIWBIllWWBCT
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
I.
1'-1 "
1
'
'
SCHOOL CENSUS OF BOSTON, SEPTEMBER 1, 1913, BY WARDS.
X<
. *
>
l& g
NUM BER OF PERSONS 5 TO 15 YEARS] OF AGE
WARD
In
Public
Schools
..........
In
Private
Schools
N ot
Attend
ing
School
Total
Number
in the
City
5
AND
Boys
6
TEARS
7
OF AGE
Girls
Total
TO
13
YEARS OF AGE
14
is i:o
S
3
Boys
Girls
705
638
214
248
147
3,223
3,217
1,251
1,140
913
3,238
3,154
1,301
1,206
848
6,461
6,371
2,552
2,346
1,761
20.16
19.51
17.67
2 1.39
15.89
215
81
285
193
78
420
158
610
385
151
2,933
731
2,928
2,122
672
2,973
725
2,849
2,117
657
5,906
1,456
5,777
4,239
1,329
15.95
9.21
17.10
16.89
6.00
Total
Boys
Girls
2,182
2,132
913
812
605
4,347
4,273
1,799
1,596
1,263
357
341
112
118
77
348
297
102
130
70
2,011
467
1,971
1,440
451
3,999
951
3,900
2,900
918
205
77
325
192
73
Boys
Girls
TOTAL
YEARS O F AGE
Total
Total
Ph
4,148
4,167
1,932
1,393
1,288
1,607
1,446
518
820
464
706
758
102
133
9
6,461
6,371
2,552
2,346
1,761
701
735
253
238
178
708
725
286
264
173
1,409
1,460
539
502
351
2,165
2,141
3,985
1,205
4,796
3,460
1,152
1,124
98
270
222
50
797
153
711
557
127
5,906
1,456
5,777
4,239
1,329
740
170
674
470
132
747
177
593
484
128
1,487
347
1,267
954
260
1,988
484
1,929
1,460
467
15..................
1,871
1,383
2,553
3,491
2,581
467
310
1,119
620
757
289
217
323
497
346
2,627
1,913
3,995
4,608
3,684
282
209
414
513
378
286
154
471
518
350
568
363
885
1,031
728
871
672
1,405
1,565
1,265
833
605
1,391
1,563
1,308
1,704
1,277
2,796
3,128
2,573
175
121
162
228
181
180
152
152
221
202
355
273
314
449
383
1,328
1,002
1,981
2,306
1,824
1,299
911
2,014
2,302
1,860
2,627
1,913
3,995
4,608
3,684
7.50
9.01
23.46
21.08
23.31
16..................
17..................
18..................
19..................
2 0 ..................
3,737
5,332
3,403
3,580
11,593
776
825
501
4,806
7,108
4,264
7,511
14,982
420
704
328
693
1,570
418
655
446
695
1,649
838
1,359
774
1,388
3,219
1,851
2,692
1,437
2,663
5,241
1 ,6 6 6
2,611
1,478
2,704
5,235
3,517
5,303
2,915
5,367
10,476
227
226
286
413
723
224
220
289
343
564
451
446
575
756
1,287
2,498
3,622
2,051
3,769
7,534
2,308
3,486
2,213
3,742
7,448
4,806
7,108
4,264
7,511
14,982
18.55
22.00
21.60
1,247
293
951
360
1,045
2,142
2 1 ..................
2 2 ..................
3,445
4,872
5,157
237
917
411
629
552
4,451
6,804
6,157
7,903
4,803
438
633
610
828
512
436
636
637
1,481
2,538
2,285
2,680
1,604
1,603
2,500
2,041
2,655
1,660
3,084
5,038
4,326
5,335
3,264
230
254
296
416
249
263
243
288
458
246
493
497
584
874
495
2,149
3,425
3,191
3,924
2,365
2,302
3,379
2,966
3,979
2,438
4,451
6,804
6,157
7,903
4,803
1
2 ..................
3 ..................
4 ..................
5 ..................
6 ..................
7 ..................
8 ..................
9 ..................
10..................
11..................
12..................
13..................
14..................
2 ,8 8 6
886
784
658
'
2 3 ..................
2 4 ..................
2 5 .................
6 ,8 8 8
3,470
769
1,015
589
386
781
532
874
1,269
1,247
1,694
1,044
2 6 .................
1,779
1,076
356
3,211
355
391
746
1,039
1,064
2,103
198
164
362
1,592
1,619
92,664
20,743
13,618
127,025
13,178
13,425
26,603
44,251
43,901
88,152
6,262
6,008
12,270
63,691
63,334
127,025
19.01
3,211
T o t a ls ...
2 1 .1 1
II.
866
14.73
19.82
18.12
18.37
17.06
17.48
DISTRIBUTION AND MOVEMENT OF THE SCHOOL POPULATION OF BOSTON, BY
WARDS, 1909=1913.
N U M BER OF PERSONS 5 TO 15 Y EARS OF AGE
INCREASE (+ ) OR DECREASE (— )
WARD
WARD
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
6,485
5,894
2,862
2,611
1,995
5,983
5,622
2,711
2,843
2,036
5,829
5,723
3,003
2,789
1,936
6,443
5,927
2,725
2,437
1,858
6,461
6,371
2,552
2,346
1,761
+ 501
+455
+71
+38
— 106
— 502
— 272
— 151
+ 232
+41
-154
+ 101
+292
—54
—100
+614
+204
— 278
— 352
— 78
+18
+444
— 173
— 91
— 97
5,700
1,650
5,743
4,877
1,691
5,704
1,373
5,546
4,463
1,520
5,789
1,362
5,405
4,027
1,508
5,900
1,437
5,717
4,180
1,540
5,906
1,456
5,777
4,239
1,329
+208
— 831
+20
+542
— 600
+4
— 277
— 197
— 414
— 171
+85
—11
—141
—436
—12
+ 111
+75
+312
+153
+32
+6
+19
+60
+59
—211
. 6
2,086
2,068
4,792
4,972
4,530
2,059
2,188
5,057
4,971
4,945
1,988
1,785
4,376
4,485
4,663
2,386
1,995
4,233
4,636
3,908
2,627
1,913
3,995
4,608
3,684
+46
— 348
+ 462
+288
— 285
— 27
+120
+265
—1
-H 15
—71
—403
—681
—486
—282
+398
+210
— 143
+ 151
— 755
+241
— 82
— 238
— 28
—224
.11
19........................
20........................
5,126
5,311
4,619
6,528
9,555
4,754
5,813
4,910
6,695
10,592
4,726
6,383
4,287
7,202
13,186
4,748
6,920
4,227
7,358
14,110
4,806
7,108
4,264
7,511
14,982
+423
+40
+20
+146 '
+ 1,112
— 372
+502
+ 291
+167
+1,037
—28
+570
—623
+507
+2,594
+22
+ 537
— 60
+156
+924
+58
+188
+37
+153
+872
21........................
2 2 ........................
23........................
24........................
25........................
4,355
5,435
5,521
6,691
4,430
4,494
5,941
5,557
6,934
4,533
4,157
6,120
5,364
7,283
5,440
4,355
6,478
5,775
7,816
4,916
4,451
6,804
6,157
7,903
4,803
+570
+205
+241
+725
+134
+ 139
+506
+36
+243
+ 103
—337
+179
-1 9 3
+349
+907
+198
+358
+ 411
+533
— 524
+96
+326
+382
+87
— 113
3,153
3,211
2 ........................
5 .........................
6 ........................
7 .........................
8 .........................
9 ........................
10........................
..............
11
12........................
13........................
14........................
15........................
16........................
17........................
18........................
.
2 6 ........................
T o ta ls ............
115,527
117,244
118,816
125,178
1
, 2
3
4
, 5
, 7
. 8
. 9
.10
.12
.13
.14
.15
.16
.17
.18
.19
.20
+58
127,025
+ 4 ,0 7 7
(
124)
+ 1 ,7 1 7
+ 1 ,5 7 2
+ 3 ,2 0 9
.21
.22
.23
.24
.25
.26
+ 1 ,8 4 7
.T o ta ls
r*"
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC., IN NEW ENGLAND AND BOSTON
To facilitate comparison of regions and groups of states, the
United States Bureau of the Census divides the country into nine
geographical divisions. Division I., comprising the six New Eng
land States, is termed New England. For three hundred years,
ever since 1614, when Captain John Smith gave North Virginia the
name of New England, New England has been “ on the map.”
Of the terms used to designate 'the nine divisions, New England is
the most familiar and distinctive as well as the most ancient.
New England, by reason of its situation, climate and history, is
one of the most individual and characteristic regions of the United
States. Thanks to its well defined unitary character, and the
magnitude and solidarity of its industrial, commercial and financial
interests, New England has strong claims to have a regional bank
located in Boston, which is indisputably “ both the metropolis and
business capital of the region.”
The following statement shows the divisional rank of New England
and Its percentage relation to the United States, in respect to area,
population, wealth, agriculture, industry and commerce.
Year
1909
W ages.........................................
1909
$ 56.4 millions
57.2
Capital invested......................
1909
111.1
50.0
Value of products...................
1909
293.1
1910
61,976 sq. miles
IX
2 .1
1910
30,805 “
IX
1910
II
52.7
“
57.2
Persons engaged in ..................... 1908
22,078
15.3
Number of vessels and boats, 1908
14,174
15.7
Value of vessels and boats. . 1908
$8,187.5 millions
3 2 .6
Value of products................... .... 1908
15,085.4
27.9
Shipbuilding:
Wage earners........................... ....1909
Value of products................... .... 1909
6,330
15.6
$12,059.5 millions
9 .6
11,634.2
15.9
Foreign Commerce:
2 .2
Persons per sq. mile of land,
104,485
Fisheries:
Per Cent
Rank of U. S.
Land in farms..........................
Per Cent
of U. S.
Rank
Wage earners...........................
Capital invested..........................1909
N ew
England
New
England
Year
Boots and Shoes:
-
105.7
Total population.........................
1910
6,552,681
VII
1910
5,455,345
III
i^ lS
Imports.................................
1913
179.3
9 .9
1913
116.3
4 .7
Duties collected......................
7 .1
Urban.........................................
Total value...............................
Exports..................................
“
1 1912
27.7
9 .1
$295.6 millions
6 .9
12.8
Rural..........................................
1910
1,097,336
IX
2 .2
Number of cities..........................
1910
362
III
Passenger Business, N. E. Ports:
15.1
T otal........................................... 11913
W ith 100,000 or more...........
1910
8
III
1910
34
III
W ith 10-25,000.......................
1910
61
III
16.3
With 5-10,000.......................
1910
106
III
16.9
W ith 2 ^ -5 ,0 0 0 ........................
1910
153
III
13.0
27,177
4 .3
Aliens.....................................
19.0
6. 1
1913
1913
136,771
6.6
Immigrant aliens to New
E ngland............................ 1 1913
16.0
W ith 25-100,000.....................
163,948
U. S. citizens.......................
168,952
II
14.1
28,756
II
9 .3
IV
6.1
Emigrant aliens from New
E ngland............................
1913
Bank clearings............................. 2 1912
Per Cent of Population:
3,251,821 thousands
Banking power of nat’l banks, .
In cities......................................
1910
8 3 .3
I
-
In country.................................
1910
16.7
IX
1910
1,825,110
III
1910
27 .9
I
IV
9.1
Resources of nat’l banks...........
1912
906,046
IV
8 .3
13.5
Per cent foreign-boin to total
population.............................
782,561
-
Foreign-born population...........
1912
$8,823.3 millions
1 Fiscal year ending June 30.
POPULATION, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, 1910
W ith C hange from 1900
-
W ealth............................................
1904
V
1904
3 8 .4
“
IX
1904
47 7.1
“
III
14.5
Value of farm property.............
1910
867.2
“
V III
2 .1
Value of all farm crops..............
1909
141.0
IX
2 .6
IV
T otal P op u lation
4 .5
Manufacturing mach’y> etc..
A.
8 .3
Farming implements, e tc .. . .
2 Fiscal year ending September 30.
9 .4
en su s
D
iv is io n s
Manufactures:
Number of establishments . .
1909
25,351
Total
Population,
1910
In c b e a s e
91,972,266
C
15,977,691
Number
fro m
1900
Per Cent
21 .0
Atlantic States:
Persons engaged......................
1909
1,212,158
III
15.8
Wage earners...........................
1909
1,101,290
III
16.6
I.
New England..............................................
6,552,681
960,664
17.2
Primary horse power.............
1909
2,715,121
III
14.5
II.
Middle A tlantic.........................................
19,315,892
3,861,214
25.0
Capital invested......................
1909
III
13.6
16.3
South A tlantic............................................
1909
III
V.
W ages.........................................
12,194,895
1,751,415
16.8
38,063,468
6,573,293
20 .9
$2,503.9 millions
5 5 7 .6
“
Value of products...................
1909
2,670.1
“
III
12.9
Value added by manufacture,
1909
1,193.8
“
III
13.9
Central States:
Cotton Manufactures:
Wage earners...........................
1909
188,984
I
III.
I
58.1
E ast North Central..................................
18,250,621
2,265,040
14.2
IV.
4 9 .9
West North Central.................................
11,637,921
1,290,498
12.5
W ages.........................................
1909
$77.2 millions
Capital invested......................
1909
375.8
I
45 .7
VI.
E ast South Central...................................
8,409,901
862,144
11.4
Value of products...................
1909
316.5
I
50.4
VII.
West South Central.................................
8,784,534
2,252,244
34.5
I
63.5
47,082,977
6,669,926
16.5
Woolen Manufactures:
Wage earners...........................
1909
107,120
W ages.........................................
1909
$48.2 millions
I
6 6.5
Capital invested......................
1909
264.7
“
I
61.5
Value of products...................
1909
2 7 5.6
*
I
6 3 .2
V III.
Mountain States.......................................
2,633,517
958,860
57.3
IX .
Pacific States..............................................
4,192,304
1,775,612
73,5
(1 2 5 )
r
w rii .ii ...
.........
,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AREA, POPULATION, ETC.— CONTINUED
A
D
iv is io n s
and
P
rea
D
o p u l a t io n
States
Square
Miles
Per
Cent
Number
Per
Cent
11,637,921
A kea
e n s it y
D
Per
Square
Mile
12.7
iv is io n s
and
P
D
o p u l a t io n
States
Per
Cent
Square
Miles
Per
Cent
Per
Square
Mile
859,125
2,633,517
3.1
M ontana............
146,201
376,053
2.6
2.
Idaho..................
83,354
325,594
3 .9
3.
W yom ing...........
97,594
145,965
1.5
8 .2
4.
Colorado............
103,658
799,024
7 .7
583,888
7 .6
5.
New M exico... .
122,503
327,301
2 .7
1,192,214
15.5
6.
Arizona...............
113,810
204,354
1.8
1,690,949
20.7
7.
U ta h ....................
82,184
373,351
4 .5
8,409,901
46.8
8.
N evada...............
109,821
2,289,905
17.2
57.0
Pacific States................
318,095
22.8
VIII. M ountain S tates.........
Number
e n s it y
IV. W est North Central.. .
510,804
1.
M innesota.........
80,858
2,075,708
25.7
1.
2.
Io w a ....................
55,586
2,224,771
40.0
3.
M issouri.............
68,727
3,293,335
4 7 .9
4.
North Dakota. .
70,183
577,056
5.
South D a k o ta . .
76,868
6.
N ebraska...........
76,808
7.
K ansas................
81,774
VI. East South Central. . .
179,509
1.
K entucky...........
40,181
2.
T ennessee..........
41,687
2,184,789
52.4
1.
W ashington. . . .
66,836
1,141,990
3.
Alabama.............
51,279
2,138,093
4 1 .7
2.
Oregon................
95,607
672,765
7.0
4.
M ississippi.........
46,362
1,797,114
38.8
3.
155,652
2,377,549
15.3
VII. W est South Central.. .
429,746
1.
Arkansas............
52,525
1,574,449
30.0
2.
Louisiana...........
45,409
1,656,388
36.5
3.
Oklahoma..........
69,414
1,657,155
23.9
4.
T ex a s..................
262,398
3,896,542
14.8
Totals, Central States
1,365,623
6.0
14.5
4 5 .9
8,784,534
47,082,977
9 .6
IX.
81,875
10.7
4,192,304
0 .7
4 .5
13.2
17.1
20.4
51.2
34.5
The percentage relation of the several divisions to the United
States and of the individual divisions to each other is set forth
summarily below.
Although New England stands seventh as to total population and
sixth as to the number of its national banks,— it is third as to
foreign-born population, urban population, number of all cities and
cities of 10,000 or over, number of wage earners engaged in manu
factures, value of manufactured products, and surplus of national
banks; and fourth as to wealth, the capital, banking power and
total resources of its national banks and the amount of its bank
clearings.
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF AREA, POPULATION, ETC., BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, 1910
Per C ents of U nited S ta tes, w ith D ivisional R ank
A rea,
1910
T otal P o pu la
t i o n , 1910
C e n s u s D i v is io n s
F o r e ig n - b o r n
P o p u l a t io n ,
1910
U r ba n P o pula
t i o n , 1910
N u m b e r of
C i t i e s , 1910
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United S ta tes.............................................................
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
100.0
-
Atlantic States:
I.
N ew England...............................................
2 .1
9
7.1
7
13.5
3
12.8
3
15.1
3
11.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
3 .4
8
21.0
1
35.9
1
3 2 .2
1
20.8
2
V.
South A tlantic.............................................
9 .0
5
13.3
3
2 .2
8
7 .2
5
8 .7
5
T otal......................................................
14.5
-
41.4
-
51.6
-
5 2 .2
-
44.6
-
Central States:
III.
East North Central....................................
8 .2
6
19.8
2
22.7
2
22.6
2
21.7
1
IV.
West North Central...................................
17.2
2
12.7
4
12.0
4
9 .1
4
11.8
4
VI.
East South Central....................................
6 .0
7 '
9 .1
6
0 .6
9
3 .7
8
5 .2
7
VII.
West South Central....................................
14.5
3
9 .6
5
2 .6
7
4 .6
7
7 .9
6
T ota l......................................................
45.9
-
51.2
-
37.9
-
4 0 .0
-
46.6
-
VIII.
Mountain States..........................................
28.9
1
2 .8
9
3 .4
6
2 .2
9
4 .0
9
IX.
Pacific States................................................
10.7
4
4 .6
8
7 .1
5
5 .6
6
4 .8
8
(12 7)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF AREA, POPULATION, ETC.— CONTINUED
Cities
Census D ivisions
of
10,000
1910
number
and
Over,
population
M anufactures, 1909
wage earners
Wealth, 1904
value of pro
ducts
ALL PROPERTY
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United S tates.............................................................
100.0
100.0
100 0
100.0
100 0
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
17.1
3
12.2
3
16.6
3
13 0
3
8 3
4
II.
Middle A tlantic........... ; .............................
24.3
1
35.3
1
33.4
1
34.5
1
27 5
1
V.
South A tlantic..............................................
7.8
5
6.8
5
10.0
4
6.7
5
7.4
5
T otal...........................................................
49.2
60.0
54.3
43 2
54.7
Central States:
III.
East North Central.....................................
22.6
2
22.6
2
22.9
2
25.2
2
22.4
2
IV.
West North Central.................................
9.1
4
8.3
4
5.7
5
8.7
4
15.7
3
VI.
East South Central....................................
4.2
8
3.3
8
4.0
6
3.0
7
4 .0
8
West South Central..............................
6.7
6
3.9
7
3.1
8
3.0
7
5.4
7
Total................................................
42.6
VIII.
38.1
35.7
39.9
47 5
V III.
Mountain S tates..........................................
3.0
9
1.7
9
1.1
9
1.8
8
3.7
9
IX .
Pacific S tates.................. .............................
5.2
7
5.9
6
3.2
7
4.1
6
5.6
6
N ational B anks, 1912
Census D ivisions
CAPITAL
NUMBER
SURPLUS
banking power total resources
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United S tates.............................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
6.3
6
10.1
4
10.9
3
9.1
4
8.3
4
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
20.3
1
29.8
1
44.1
1
35.5
1
37.1
1
V.
South Atlantic...........................................
9.1
5
8.6
5
7.2
5
7.3
5
6.7
5
Total....................................................
35.7
62.2
48.5
51.9
52 1
Central States:
III.
East North Central....................................
17.7
3
18.8
2
14.4
2
18.8
2
18.9
2
IV.
West North Central..................................
19.6
2
11.4
3
7.8
4
11.1
3
11.8
3
VI.
East South Central...................................
4.9
8
4.1
7
2.7
8
3.2
8
2.9
8
VII.
West South Central..................................
12.1
4
7.2
6
5.0
7
5.3
7
5.0
7
Total...................................................
54.3
VIII.
Mountain States........................................
4.7
9
2.8
8
2.4
9
3.0
9
2.8
9
IX .
Pacific S tates................................................
5.3
7
7.2
6
5.5
6
6.7
6
6.5
6
41.5
(128)
38.4
29.9
38.6
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Per C en ts of U n ited S ta te s, E tc.— C o n tin u ed
DIVISIONAL RANK OF NEW ENGLAND
As to D en sity per Square M ile of:
C l e a r in g
H o u se
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
E x c h a n g es,
1912
P er
C ent
J n ite d S ta t e s ................................
R ank
V a l u e o f a ll
F arm P r o p
e r t y , 1910
Per
C ent
1 0 0 .0
-
1 0 0 .0
R ank
V a l u e o f a ll
F arm C r o p s ,
1909
P er
C ent
-
1 0 0 .0
D en sity'
105.7
Population........................................
Rank
II
Year
1910
In cities of 10,000.......................
Foreign-born................................
67.5
2 9.5
II
II
1910
1910
-
Value of farm property.................
Value of farm crops........................
$13,993
2,277
IV
VI
1910
1910
Manufactures:
Wage earners...............................
Value of products.......................
17.8
$43,082
II
II
1909
1909
W ealth...............................................
$142,367
II
1904
R ank
A tla n tic S ta te s :
I.
N ew E n g l a n d ................
6 .1
4
2 .1
8
2 .6
9
II.
M id d le A tla n tic ............
6 4 .9
1
7 .2
4
7 .6
6
V.
S o u th A tla n tic ..............
2 .8
6
7 .2
4
1 3 .5
3
T o t a l ........................
7 3 .8
-
1 6 .5
-
2 3 .7
-
C e n tra l S ta te s :
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n t r a l.. .
1 2 .7
2
2 4 .7
2
2 0 .4
2
Number of clearing houses...........
.00019
II
1912
IV.
W est North C entral...
6 .3
3
3 3 .0
1
2 6 .3
1
Amount of clearings...................
$165,416
II
1912
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n tr a l. . .
1 .2
8
5 .3
6
1 0 .0
5
VII.
W est South Central.. .
1 .9
7
9 .4
3
1 1 .5
4
T o t a l ........................
2 2 .1
-
7 2 .4
-
6 8 .2
-
/I I I .
M ountain S ta tes.........
0 .6
9
4 .3
7
3 .0
Pacific S t a t e s .................
3 .5
5
6 .8
5
5 .1
N um ber.........................................
7
.007
II
1912
C apital...........................................
Surplus, e t c ..................................
8
IX .
National Banks:
$1,706 73
1,652 11
II
II
1912
1912
Banking power............................
Inspection of the foregoing tables shows that New England
stands high under most of the heads specified therein, but the rela
tive importance of the region is thrown into even higher relief by
the following “ Density Statistics,” in which the proportion of
population, wealth, value of manufactures, bank clearings, banking
power, etc., to the square mile of land is taken as the criterion of
divisional rank.
12,626 84
II
1912
Resources......................................
14,619 30
II
1912
The density statistics Divisions I-IX , by groups, are set forth
in the following table, from which the foregoing statement relating
to New England is derived.
DENSITY STATISTICS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, PER SQUARE MILE OF LAND, WITH RANK
A rea , 1910
P opulation, 1910
Census D ivisions
Total
Square Miles
Rank
Total,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
In Cities of
10,000
Per
Square Mile
■
Foreignborn,
Rank
Rank
Per
Square Mile
2,973,890
-
3 0 .9
-
11.48
-
4 .5 4
-
New England.......................................................
61,976
9
105.7
2
67.47
2
29.45
2
II. Middle A tlantic...................................................
100,000
8
193.2
1
120.60
1
48.51
1
V.
South A tlantic.....................................................
269,071
5
45.3
5
8.66
4
1.11
6
T o ta ls...........................................................................
431,047
-
88.5
-
4 3.08
-
16.18
-
East North Central............................................
245,564
6
74.3
3
31.40
3
12.52
3
W est North Central......................................... ..
510,804
2
22.8
6
5.55
7
3.17
4
7
46 .8
4
6.1 7
6
0.49
9
7
3 .1 0
8
0.82
7
United S tates......................................................................
Atlantic States:
I.
Central States:
III.
IV.
VI.
East South C entral.............................................
179,509
W est South Central............................................
429,748
3
20.4
T o ta ls...........................................................................
1,365,623
-
34.5
-
9.51
-
3.76
-
3 .1
9
0.69
9
0.53
8
13.2
8
6.3 2
5
3 .0 0
5
VII.
VIII.
Mountain States..................................................
859,125
1
IX .
Pacific S tates........................................................
318,095
4
(1 2 9 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DENSITY STATISTIC S, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS — CONTINUED
V alue of F arms and C rops, 1910
Census D ivisions
United States.................................................................
Farms,
Per
Square Mile
Rank
$13,783 78
M anufactures, 1909
Value of
Crops,
Wage Earners,
Per
Rank
Per
Rank Products, Rank
Per
Square Mile
Square Mile
Square Mile
$1,845 11
2.22
$6,951 18
Atlantic States:
I.
New England.......................................................
13,993 17
4
2,276 91
6
17.77
2
43,082 24
2
4,162 49
1
22.08
1
71,417 61
1
2,758 03
5
2.46
4
5,133 17
4
II.
Middle A tlantic...................................................
29,595 89
2
V.
South A tlantic......................................................
10,968 11
6
T otals...........................................................................
$15,724 57
$3,014 68
9.21
$25,967 03
Central States:
III.
East North Central............................................
41,207 70
1
4,549 45
2
6.1 6
3
21,223 40
3
IV.
West North Central............................................
26,498 05
3
2,830 65
4
0.73
6
3,531 49
5
VI.
East South Central.............................................
12,159 68
5
3,071 06
3
1.46
5
3,512 29
6
VII.
West South Central............................................
8,931 22
7
1,462 13
7
0.48
8
1,455 38
8
T otals...........................................................................
$21,730 28
$2,740 67
1.72
$6,056 97
VIII.
Mountain States..................................................
2,045 77
9
190 77
9
0.09
9
423 68
9
IX .
Pacific S tates........................................................
8,741 04
8
883 63
8
0.67
7
2,651 76
7
W ealth, 1904
N ational B anks,
1912
C learing- H ouses, 1912
C ensus D ivisions
Per
Square Mile
United States......................................................................
Rank
$36,014 88
Number,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
.00005
Exchanges,
Per
Square Mile
Rank
Number,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
.002
$5,666 19
Atlantic States:
I.
New England.......................................................
142,366 81
2
.00019
2
165,415 98
2
.007
2
II.
Middle A tlantic...................................................
294,782 82
1
.00022
1
1,092,924 89
1
.015
1
V.
South A tlantic.....................................................
10,968 11
5
.00006
5
17,729 34
6
.002
5
T otals...........................................................................
$107,270 18
.00012
$288,401 87
.006
Central States:
East North Central............................................
97,695 12
3
.00014
3
87,357 07
3
.005
3
West North Central............................................
32,948 58
4
.00004
6
20,864 26
4
.003
4
East South C entral.............................................
23,870 52
6
.00007
4
10,954 09
7
.002
5
West South Central............................................
13,420 70
8
.00003
7
7,447 15
8
.002
5
T otals...........................................................................
$37,252 70
III.
IV.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX .
.00006
$27,295 99
.003
Mountain S ta tes.................................................
4,624 90
9
. 00001
8
1,228 08
9
0004
7
Pacific S ta tes........................................................
18,922 70
7
.00004
6
18,423 70
5
.001
6
(130)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DENSITY STATISTIC S, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS — CONCLUDED
N
a t io n a l
B a n k s , 1912 — C o n tin u e d
1
C e n su s D
C a pit a l
B a n k in g P o w e r
iv is io n s
R ank
P er Sq. M ile
P er Sq. M ile
Surplus
R ank
P er Sq. M ile
T otal R e s o u r c e s
R ank
P er S q . M ile R a n k
$2,884 75
U n ite d S t a t e s ................................................................................
-
$351 52
-
$316 54
-
$3,684 83
-
A tla n tic S ta te s :
I.
N e w E n g la n d ................................................................
12,626 84
2
1,706 73
2
1,652 11
2
14,619 30
2
II.
M id d le A t la n t ic ...........................................................
30,452 43
1
3,118 51
1
4,148 28
1
40,626 18
1
V.
S o u th A t la n t ic .............................................................
2,308 01
4
332 96
4
253 12
4
2,736 04
4
T o t a ls ......................................................................................
$10,320 97
-
$1,176 71
-
$1,357 92
-
$13,234 87
-
C en tra l S ta te s:
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n tr a l...................................................
6,552 48
3
801 10
3
551 01
3
8,415 54
3
IV.
W e st N o r th C e n tr a l..................................................
1,868 39
5
232 85
7
143 36
6
2,543 74
5
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n tr a l...................................................
1,534 67
7
239 86
5
142 03
7
1,753 52
7
VII.
W e s t S o u th C e n tr a l..................................................
1,069 04
8
174 85
8
110 22
8
1,280 01
8
T o t a ls ......................................................................................
$2,415 26
-
$317 70
-
$206 06
-
$3,098 04
-
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s .........................................................
302 85
9
33 62
9
26 19
9
362 59
9
IX .
Pacific States........................................................
1,796 90
6
237 14
6
163 84
5
2,235 73
6
CITIES AND TH EIR POPULATION, 1910, BY CENSUS
DIVISIONS
C i t ie s
W ith Per C en ts o f U n ited S ta tes and D ivisional R ank
C
en su s
D
iv is io n s
United States..............................
Total
Number
of
Cities.
2,402
Per
Cent
100.0
Rank
-
Popula
tion, All
Cities
Per
Cent
42,623,383
100.0
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
N um ber
of
C ities
P er
C ent
10,000
op
R ank
or
M
o re
P o p u la
tio n
P er
C ent
R ank
Rank
U n ite d S ta t e s ................................
601 100.0
-
34,153,024 100.0
-
A tla n tic S ta te s :
-
I.
I.
New E ngland...............
362
15.1
3
5,455,345
12.8
II.
Middle A tlan tic...........
499
2 0 .8
2
f t , 723,373
32.2
V.
210
8 .7
5
3,092,153
7 .2
1,071
4 4 .6
-
22,270,871
52.2
4,181,524
12.2
1
12,060,466
35.3
1
S o u th A tla n tic ..............
47
7.8
5
2,329,122
6 .8
5
T o t a l ........................
-
3
24.3
296
49.2
-
18,571,112
54.3
-
5
T o ta l......................
17.1
146
3
1
South A tlan tic.............
103
M id d le A tla n tic ............
V.
3
N ew E n g l a n d ................
II.
Atlantic States:
C e n tra l S ta te s :
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n t r a l.. .
136
22.6
2
7,711,918
22.6
2
IV.
Central States:
W e s t N o r th C e n t r a l . .
55
9 .1
4
2,833,028
8 .3
4
1
9,617,271
22.6
2
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n t r a l. . .
25
4 .2
8
1,107,731
3 .3
8
11.8
4
3,873,716
9.1
4
VII.
W e s t S o u th C e n t r a l.. .
40
6 .7
6
1,330,471
3 .9
7
125
5 .2
7
1,574,229
3 .7
8
190
7 .9
6
1,957,456
4 .6
7
T o t a l ........................
256
42.6
-
12,983,148
38.1
-
T o ta l......................
1,119
4 6 .6
-
17,022,672
4 0 .0
-
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s ..........
18
3 .0
9
588,969
1.7
9
VIII.
Mountain S ta tes.........
97
4 .0
9
947,511
2 .2
9
IX.
P acific S t a t e s .................
31
5 .2
7
2,009,795
5 .9
6
IX .
Pacific S ta tes................
115
4 .8
8
2,382,329
5 .6
6
E ast North C entral. . .
522
IV.
W est North C entral...
282
VI.
E ast South Central. . .
VII.
W est South Central.. .
III.
2 1 .7
N o t e .— Places of 2,500 inhabitants and upwards are classed as urban (as dis
tinguished from rural), and for convenience are called cities, in the publications
of the U. S. Census Bureau.
(131)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NATIONAL BANKS,* 1912, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS
W ith Per C ents o f U n ited S ta tes and D ivisional R ank
(v a l u e s s t a t e d i n t h o u s a n d s )
C
en su s
D
Number
iv is io n s
7,391
United S tates..............................................................
Rank
100.0
Banking
Power
-
Per Cent
$8,578,930
100.0
-
Per Cent
Rank
Total
Resources
Per Cent
Rank
$10,958,294
100.0
-
Atlantic States:
I.
New England................................................
463
6 .3
6
782,561
9.1
4
906,046
8 .3
4
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
1,503
20.3
1
3,045,243
35.5
1
4,062,618
37.1
1
V.
South A tlantic...............................................
670
9 .1
5
621,020
7 .2
5
736,188
6 .7
5
T otal.......................................................
2,636
35.7
-
$4,448,824
51.8
-
$5,704,852
52.1
-
Central States:
III.
East North Central.....................................
1,307
17.7
3
1,609,054
18.8
2
2,066,554
18.9
2
IV.
West North Central....................................
1,448
19.6
2
954,379
11.1
3
1,299,353
11.8
3
VI.
East South Central......................................
363
4 .9
8
275,487
3 .2
8
314,773
2 .9
8
VII.
West South C entral.....................................
897
12.1
4
459,417
5 .4
7
550,081
5 .0
7
................................
4,015
54.3
-
$3,298,337
38.5
-
$4,230,761
38.6
VIII.
Mountain S tates..........................................
348
4 .7
9
260,183
3 .0
9
311,507
2 .8
9
IX.
Pacific S tates.................................................
392
5.3
7
571,586
6 .7
6
711,174
6.5
6
T otal...................
-
* These are the comptroller’s figures for the year ending September 30, 1912; not for Juno 14, 1912.
C apital, Su rp lu s, e tc ., of N ation al B anks, * 1912
BANK CLEARINGS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS
(v a l u e s s t a t e d i n t h o u s a n d s )
In Y ear E nding S ep tem b er 30, 1912
(v a l u e s s t a t e d i n t h o u s a n d s )
C
en su s
D
iv is io n s
Capital
Surplus,
etc.
Banking
Power
Total
Resources
C
United States................................. $1,045,394
$941,347
$8,578,930
en su s
D
iv is io n s
$10,958,294
United States..........................
Atlantic States:
I.
New E ngland..................
105,776
102,391
782,561
906,046
11-
Middle A tlantic.............
311,851
414,828
3,045,243
4,062,618
V.
South A tlan tic................
89,591
68,108
621,020
736,188
T o ta l.........................
$507,218
$585,327
$4,448,824
$5,704,852
151
Per
Cent
100.0
Rank
-
Total
Clearings
Per
Cent
$168,506,362 100.0
Rank
-
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...........
12
7 .9
7
10,251,821
6.1
II.
Middle A tlantic. . . .
22
14.6
2
109,292,489
64.9
1
V.
South A tlan tic.........
16
10.6
4
4,770,451
2 .8
6
T o ta l..................
50
33.1
-
$124,314,761
73.8
-
Central States:
III.
E ast North Central. . . .
196,722
135,309
1,609,054
2,066,554
IV.
W est North C entral.. . .
118,941
73,228
954,379
1,299,353
VI.
East South Central. . . .
43,057
25,495
275,487
314,773
VII.
W est South C entral... .
75,142
47,366
459,417
550,081
T o ta l.........................
$433,862
$281,398
$3,298,337
$4,230,761
V III.
Mountain States............
28,882
22,504
260,183
311,507
IX.
Pacific S ta tes..................
75,432
52,118
571,586
711,174
VIII.
* These are the comptroller’s figures for the year ending September 30, 1912;
not for June 14.
IX.
N umber
Clear
ing
Houses
4
Central States:
III.
35
23.2
1
21,451,751
12.7
2
W est North Central,
19
12.6
3
10,657,545
6 .3
3
VI.
E ast South Central,
13
8 .6
6
1,966,357
1.2
8
VII.
W est South Central,
11
7 .3
8
3,200,385
1.9
7
78
(1 3 2 )
E ast North Central,
IV.
51.7
-
$37,276,038
22.1
N -
Mountain S tates. . .
9
5 .9
9
1,055,075
0 .6
9
Pacific S tates...........
14
9 .3
5
5,860.488
3 .5
5
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NATIONAL BANKS IN NEW ENGLAND, ETC., W ITH PER CENTS
C on d itio n , as of J u n e 14, 1912
A bsolute
N
um bers
w it h
V a lu es Sta ted
tn
T
P
ho usa nd s
C a p ita l
S u rp lu s ,
e tc .
Deposits
C ir c u la
tio n
Banking
7,368
$1,032,961
$950,551
$5,882,020
$708,691
464
99,772
101,037
519,892
62,595
er
C e n ts
United States............................
New
E n g l a n d ..............................
S. a n d
of
N ew
E n g la n d
E
tc.
C ir c u
la tio n
Banking
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
10.63
8.84
8.83
9.14
5.37
6.55
5.71
4 .1 4
5 63
C a p ita l
$8,574,223
100.00
100.00
783,296
6.30
9.66
Pow er
U.
Deposits
Number
2 .5 5
N um ber
of
S u rp lu s ,
etc.
P ow er
100.00
100.00
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
M a i n e ...........................................
70
7,850
6,189
43,775
5,891
63,705
15.09
7.87
6.13
8.42
9.41
8.13
N e w H a m p s h i r e ...................
56
5,235
4,515
19,123
. 4,942
33,815
12.07
5.25
4.47
3.68
7.90
4.32
V e r m o n t .....................................
50
5,160
3,883
18,729
4,671
32,443
10.78
5.17
3.84
3.60
7.46
4.14
M a s s a c h u s e t t s .......................
188
55,438
62,276
336,022
29,361
483,097
40.51
55.56
61.64
64.63
46.91
61.68
Rhode Island....................
22
6,775
6,740
31,334
4,690
49,539
4.74
6.79
6.67
6.03
7.49
6.32
Connecticut......................
78
19,314
17,434
70,909
13,040
120,697
16.81
19.36
17.25
13.64
20.83
15.41
BANKING POWER OF ALL BANKS IN NEW ENGLAND
BANK CLEARINGS, NEW ENGLAND CITIES
On J u n e 14, 1912
In Y ear E nding S ep tem b er 30, 1912
(v a l u e s s t a t e d i n t h o u s a n d s )
Total
Clearings
Per Cent
of U. S.
United S ta te s .. .
$168,506,362,000
100.00
New England.
10,251,821,000
6.08
Portland.
113,317,000
0.07
Bangor. .
24,969,000
0.01
8138.286.000
0.08
Estimated
Population,
1912
Number
of
Banks
United States..........................
95,731,000
25,160
$2,002,642
$2,162,272
New E ngland......................
6,750,000
1,083
144,504
265,400
1.
M aine...............................
753,000
163
11,265
18,467
2.
New H am pshiie............
435,000
120
6,449
14,079
V eim ont..........................
358,000
96
6,635
9,629
Capital
Surplus and
Undivided
Profits
Maine:
T o ta l..........
Massachusetts:
M assachusetts...............
3,481,000
441
78,600
159,467
Rhode Island..................
563,000
56
15,194
21,403
1.
B oston ...........
8.865.807.000
* 5.26
Connecticut....................
1,160,000
207
26,361
42,355
2.
Worcester. . . .
136.129.000
0.08
3.
Springfield. . .
119.104.000
0.07
4.
Fall R iver. . . .
59.372.000
0 .0 4
Total
Banking
Power
Deposits
Banking
Power
Per Capita
United S tates..........................
$17,040,203
$708,691
$21,913,807
2,449,411
62,595
2,921,910
179,964
5,891
215,586
51.846.000
0.03
33.891.000
0 .02
Lowell.............
29.579.000
0 .0 2
T otal........ ..
$9,295,728,000
5.52
426.301.000
0. 25
432 88
M aine...............................
New Bedford.
H olyoke.........
7.
$228 91
New E ngland.....................
5.
6.
286 30
Rhode Island:
New Hampshire............
118,499
4,942
143,970
330 97
Verm ont...........................
91,270
4,671
112,205
313 42
M assachusetts...............
1,428,263
29,361
1,695,690
487 13
Rhode Island..................
219,308
4,690
260,595
462 87
1.
H a r tfo id ....
239.205.000
0.14
C onnecticut....................
412,107
13,040
493,864
425 74
2.
New Haven.
152.301.000
0.09
$391,506,000
0.23
1.
Connecticut:
Total.
B anking Power, Per C ents of U. S. an d New E ngland, 1912
Estimated
Population
* Other per cents of Boston’s dealings, 86.48 per cent of New England and
95.38 per cent of Massachusetts.
Banking
Power
United S ta tes.........
100.00
100.00
N ew England. . .
7.05
13.33
M assachusetts
3.64
7.74
New E ngland.........
100.00
11.16
SUM M ARY OF ALL BANKING IN STITUTIO N S
As o f J u n e 14, 1912
New Hampshire.
6.44
Rhode Islan d. . .
Connecticut........
(Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines).
51.57
8.34
17.19
464
6.30
13,350
21
0.16
Mutual Savings...............................
630
409
64.92
Stock Savings...................................
1,292
Private Banks..................................
1,110
-
-
Loan and Trust Companies.........
3.84
M assachusetts. .
7,368
State B anks......................................
4 .9 3
5 .3 0
New England
National B anks...............................
7.38
Verm ont..............
Per Cent
of U. S.
United States
1,410
181
12.84
Total Number, All Banks........
25,160
1,083
4.30
Number:
100.00
M aine..............
Providence.
58.03
8.92
16.90
de the insular possessions
All in New Hampshire.
(1 3 3 )
8*
0.62
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Per Cent
of U. S.
United States
New England
National B anks...............................
$1,032,960,675 00
$99,771,950 00
9 .6 6
State B anks......................................
451,475,806 09
3,194,500 00
0.71
684,500 00
B ank C learings in 34 C ities — C o n tin u ed
0.89
Capital:
C
Mutual Savings............................... ................... -
V.
Stock Savings...................................
76,871,811 79
Private Bank3..................................
22,348,040 33
Loan and Trust Companies.........
Total Capital, All B a n k s.........
it ie s
and
C
en su s
D
i v is io n s
South A tlan tic..........................................................
$4,770,451
Rank
(VI)
Baltim ore...........................................................
1,89.3,003
9
2 . W ashington.......................................................
418,985,771 77
1.
T otal
Clearings
387,513
31
424,316
29
693,934
20
40,853,427 82
9 .7 5
3.
$144,504,3';7 82
7.22
4.
$906,043,408 93
8 .3 4
$2,002,642,104 98
Richmond...........................................................
Total Resources:
$3,398,766
National B anks............................... $10,858,022,742 15
State B anks......................................
3,825,612,358 77
27,607,224 55
Mutual Savings...............................
3,929,091,986 91 1,531,023,251 90
38.97
Total Atlantic States.................................
0 .7 2
■ Central States:
0 .7
7,410,899 07
$124,314,761
Stock Savings...................................
993,631,303 72
Private B anks..................................
196,940,397 42
Loan and Trust Companies.........
5,107,444,382 27
605,038,656 95
11.85
2.
Total Resources, All Banks. . . $24,910,743,171 24
3,077,123,441 40
12.35
III.
21,451,751
1.
14,864,498
2
Cincinnati..........................................................
1,347,123
10
3.
Cleveland...........................................................
1,101,007
12
4.
BANK CLEARINGS IN TEN PRINCIPAL CITIES
In Y ear E n d in g S ep tem b er 30, 1912
East North Central................................................
D etroit................................................................
1,087,893
14
(II)
Total Clearings,
1912
M ilwaukee.........................................................
712,965
18
Indianapolis.......................................................
433,698
27
T otal...............................................................
WITH CHANGE FROM
5.
6.
$19,547,184
West North Central...............................................
10,657,545
1907
Per
Cent Change from 1907
of U.S.
Per
Cent
Change
IV.
(HI)
1.
St. LouL..............................................................
3,978,870
5
Kansas C itv ......................................................
2,630,704
7
32
United S tates...................
$168,506,362,000
100.0
+$14,029,531,463
+ 9 .1
2.
New Y o rk .............
96,672,301,000
57.4
+1,356,879,762
+ 1 .4
3.
377,712
+ 21.2
4.
1,109,627
11
558,153
23
817,300
17
1.
2.
C hicago..................
14,864,498,000
8 .8
+2,598,574,593
3.
B oston....................
8,865,807,000
5 .3
+316,984,773
+ 3 .7
5.
4.
Philadelphia.........
7,878,577,000
4 .7
+717,516,560
+ 10.0
6.
5.
St. L ouis................
3,978,870,000
2 .4
+798,271,898
+ 2 5 .1
6.
Kansas C ity .........
2,687,970,000
1 .6
+1,024,951,061
+ 6 3 .8
7.
San I<rancisco. . . .
2,630,704,000
1 .5
+301,623,938
+ 1 3 .0
8.
Pittsburgh.............
2,621,035,000
1 .5
— 73,471,799
St. Paul...............................................................
$9,472,366
VI.
E ast South C entral................................................
— 2 .7
1.
2.
9.
Baltim ore..............
1,893,003,000
1.1
+393,608,478
+ 2 6 .3
10.
Cincinnati.............
1,347,123,000
0 .8
— 52,647,100
— 3 .8
Louisville...........................................................
1,966,357
(VIII)
707,977
19
403,696
30
T otal...............................................................
$1,111,673
West South C en tial...............................................
3,200,385
(VII)
All E xceeding $350,000,000 in th e Year
1.
New Orleans.....................................................
1,031,673
15
( v a l u e s s t a t e d i n t h o u s a n d s .)
2.
H ouston..............................................................
895,665
16
3
Galveston...........................................................
507,613
25
4.
Fort W orth........................................................
351,164
34
T otal................................................................
$2,786,115
T otal Central States..................................
$37,276,038
M ountain States......................................................
1,055,075
VII.
BANK CLEARINGS, 1912, IN 34 CITIES
C
it ie s
and
C
en su s
D
iv is io n s
Total
Clearings
Rank
$168,506,362
Atlantic States:
-
10,251,821
(IV)
1.
8,865,807
3
1.
D enver................................................................
455,769
26
2.
426,301
28
2.
Salt Lake C itv ..................................................
373,560
33
T otal...............................................................
$829,329
Pacific States............................................................
5,860,488
(V)
584,350
22
21
VIII.
$9,292,108
(IX)
109,292,489
(I)
1.
96,672,301
1
1.
2.
554,195
24
2.
Portland, Ore....................................................
585,726
3.
7,878,577
4
3.
San Francisco...................................................
2 ;621,035
8
4.
2,687,970
6
4.
1,093,540
13
IX.
$107,793,043
$4,884,651
(
134)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BANKING POWER, ETC., OF NATIONAL BANKS, 1912, IN SEVEN PRINCIPAL CITIES
New York
(1)
Philadelphia
Boston
Pittsburgh
43
Number of banks.
Chicago
()
2
10
32
20
24
(3)
(4)
St. Louis
Baltimore
( 6) ■
(5)
(7)
17
C apital........
$120,452,000
$43,600,000
$22,055,000
$24,950,000
$28,700,000
$20,400,000
$12,290,710
Surplus, e tc .
169,432,925
31,640,828
43,097,444
35,113,458
30,468,424
16,500,379
10,178,314
D ep osits.. . .
826,619,519
219,453,781
192,956,638
202,797,994
126,356,073
69,432,003
45,435,905
Circulation.
49,136,913
13,626,493
15,547,925
8,662,232
16,791,132
16,890,385
8,106,856
,321,102 $273,657,007 $271,523,684 $202,315,629 $123,222,767
*76,011,785
Banking power......................
1,165,641,357
Population *..........................
5,078,976
2,262,758
1,600,000
707,400
$229 50
$136 26
$171 04
$383 83
Banking power.....................
1
2
3
Banking power, per capita.
3
6
4
600,000
Banking power, per capita.
750,000
$337 19
558,485
$164 30
$136 10
4
6
7
1
5
7
Rank as to:
'E stim ated population as of January 1, 1913.
LAWFUL MONEY RESERVE OF NATIONAL BANKS
On J u n e 14, 1912
CONDITION OF ALL BANKING INSTITUTIONS
On J u n e 14, 1912
In Six P rincipal C ities
(v a l u e s e x p r e s s e d i n t h o u s a n d s )
N et
D eposits
Subject to
Reserve
Require
ments
1
(v a l u e s s t a t e d i n t h o u s a n d s )
Cash on
Hand, Due
from
P eb C ents
Reserve
Agents
and in
Redemp
tion Funds
1
2 to
2 to 1 U. to
2
S.
V. S .
C
Number
it ie s
Capital
Surplus
and
Undivided
Profits
Deposits
Total
Resources
1. New Y ork. . . .
1.
N ew Y ork..........................
$1,213,576
$323,923
26.69
17.21
18.42
2.
Chicago..............................
390,265
97,730
25.04
5.54
St. L ouis............................
121,920
30,337
24.88
1.73
1.72
$3,094,501.2
$4,728,536.4
71
88,375.0
68,158.9
679,243.8
1,182,969.2
3. Philadelphia...
104
67,426.5
128,432.4
594,996.2
979,348.9
60
40,100.0
80,606.1
650,554.0
893,772.0
5. San Francisco.
47
45,968.3
36,720.4
310,509.7
492,154.1
6. St. L ouis..........
44
41,700.0
43,985.1
207,652.1
422,502.7
5.56
3.
168
2. Chicago............
Central Reserve Cities:
3 C ities...........................
*1,725,761
$451,990
26.19
24.48
25.70
$195,216.7 $448,112.4
Other Reserve Cities:
73,602
29.48
3.54
6,284
27.23
0.33
C lasses of B an k in g In s titu tio n s
4 .1 9
23,080
0 .3 6
26.80
4 .1 5
4 .4 5
47,149
25.18
2.66
2 .6 8
8.
Baltim ore..........................
62,390
16,459
26.38
0.88
0.94
50 Reserve C ities........................
3,659,543
995,881
27.21
51.91
56.63
1. New Y ork.............................
37
37
33
30
31
—
168
N ew England S ta tes..................
328,428
72,405
22.05
4.66
4.12
2. Chicago.................................
10
41
—
20
—
—
71
(Reserve City) B oston..............
249,659
73,602
29.48
3.54
4 .1 8
3. Philadelphia.........................
32
6
—
59
7
—
104
4. B oston ...................................
20
$578,087
$146,007
25.26
8.20
8.3 0
—
-
Total New England. .
5. San Francisco......................
9
$7,050,135 $1,758,599
24.94
100.00
100.00
6. St. L ouis...............................
8
it ie s
1
C
Mutual
Savings
Banks
78,321
187,237
Private
Banks
292,203
State
Banks
Philadelphia......................
Pittsburgh.........................
National
Banks
6.
7.
Total
Number
249,659
Brooklyn............................
Other
Banks
B oston................................
5.
Loan
and Trust
Companies
4.
United S ta tes...............................
(135)
?
20
20
—
60
?
?
?
38
47
?
?
?
36
44
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AVERAGE BANK CLEARINGS IN BOSTON, 1883-1912
PERCENTAGE RELATION OF BOSTON
By Five=Year and Ten=Year Periods
M assach u setts, New E ngland and th e U nited S ta tes
F
iv e
-Y
1 8 8 3 -1 8 8 7 ..............
ear
P
T
e r io d s
en
-Y
P
ear
e r io d s .
13,745,035,828
1 8 8 3 -1 8 9 2 ...............
1 8 8 8 -1 8 9 2 ..............
4,817,912,686
1 8 9 3 -1 9 0 2 ...............
5,589,334 242
1 8 9 3 -1 8 9 7 ..............
4,615,479,926
1 9 0 3 -1 9 1 2 ...............
7,891,421,024
1 8 9 8 -1 9 0 2 ..............
6,562,788,558
T
1 9 0 3 -1 9 0 7 ..............
8,283,971,452
-Y
ear
P
e r io d
.
7,498,870,596
1 9 0 8 -1 9 1 2 ..............
h ir t y
$4,281,474,257
1 8 8 3 -1 9 1 2 ...............
$5,920,743,174
Boston is and always has been the metropolis and business capital
of New England. The following statement shows the relation of
Boston as regards certain important interests:
T h e R ela tio n of B oston to New England
Per Cent of
New England
Per Cent of
Massachusetts
Per Cent of
Per Cent of
New England United States
F w E ngland:
e
Population.......................
Urban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7.1
12.8
13.5
8.3
100.0
100.0
16.6
12.9
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.9
9.6
4.9
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.1
4.3
6.6
6.1
100.0
9 .1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.4
57.3
58.0
56.2
3.7
7.3
100.0
100.0
53.1
55.8
7.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
81.9
64.9
5.2
7.9
3.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.1
94.8
66.3
90.7
4.3
4.1
4 .4
100.0
61.7
5 6
19.9
21.5
23.0
30.5
10.2
0.7
1.6
-
-
Manufactures:
Wage earners..............
Value of products. . . .
Foreign Commerce:
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
Year
Boston
Population............................
1910
670,585
10.2
Steamship Passengers:
Urban................................
1910
. 1910
670,585
670,585
12.2
Cities of 100,000.............
41.7
Foreign born....................
1910
243,365
13.3
W ealth...................................
Real estate.......................
1904
1904
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
Aliens........................
Bank clearings................
Banking power—nation
al banks...............
Manufactures......................
1909
Value of products...........
1909
-
1,512.0 millions
1,143.7
“
237.5 millions
17.1
20.8
8 .9
M ssa c h u setts
a
81.3
64.9
Manufactures:
Foreign commerce..............
Total trade......................
1912
1912
Im ports.........................
1912
Exports.........................
1912
Total tonnage..................
1912
4 .8 millions
Entered.........................
1912
2 .9
Cleared.........................
1912
1 .9
Duties collected..............
1912
Steamship passengers.........
1912
1912
114,824
70 .0
U. S. citizens...................
25,733
94.7
Aliens................................
1912
89,091
65.1
1912
8,865.8 millions
86.5
Bank clearings.....................
Banking power of national
banks.................................
1912
199.0 millions
129.3
“
69.7
“
“
2 3.2 millions
271.5
74.7
Wage earners..............
Value of products. .. .
70.3
74.1
7 .8
4.6
8 .8
Foreign Commerce:
65.0
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
83.9
34.7
Among the chief cities of the Union, Boston ranks fifth in popula
tion and eighth in manufactures but is first in per capita assessed
valuation, and in per capita banking power. The value of its foreign
commerce gives it fourth place, but in imports it is second only to
New York. In the amount of its bank clearings it is surpassed by
New York and Chicago only.
Banking power, as defined by the U. S. Comptroller of the Cur
rency, equals the sum of capital, surplus and other profits, deposits
and circulation of all reporting banks. Accordingly the banking
power of all National banks in Boston, as shown by the report of
the Comptroller of the Currency, for June 14, 1912, amounted to
$271,424,000.
But as regards the per capita average of banking power, on that
date, Boston stands first among the financial centres of the country,
with $383.69, and Pittsburg next with $337.19, and New York
third, with $280.35.
Among reserve cities, Boston ranked fourth in 1912, in respect
to net deposits held by National banks, subject to reserve require
ments, its net deposits being $249,659,000; Philadelphia, with
$292,203,000, standing third, Chicago second, with $390,265,000,
and New York first, with $1,213,576,000.
In point of bank clearings, Boston is firmly intrenched in third
place, Chicago being second, Philadelphia fourth, and St. Louis
fifth. In the year ending September 30, 1912, clearing-house
exchanges in Boston amounted to $8,865,807,000, or 5.3 per cent
of the United States and 86.5 of the bank clearings in New England.
Similarly, clearings in Chicago were 8.8 per cent of the United States,
in Philadelphia 4.7 and in St. Louis 2.4, against 57.4 in New York.
The bank clearings of New England in 1912 were $10,251,821,000,
or 6.1 per cent of the total for the United States.
:
Population........ ..............
Urban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
(136)
Steamship Passengers:
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
Aliens........................
Bank clearings................
Banking power—nation
al banks................
5 5
iOSTON.-
Population.......................
U rban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth ......................................
12.3
13.3
17.1
1.8
1.4
Manufactures:
Wage earners ..................
Value of products. . . .
11.9
15.9
6.3
8 .9
1.1
1 .2
74.7
81.3
64.9
5.2
7.8
3.2
4.3
4.1
4.3
5.3
3.2
Foreign Commerce:
Total trade..................
Im ports ..........................
Exports ..........................
Steamship Passengers:
Total admitted and
departed ...................
U. S. citizens .............
Aliens ..............................
99.5
99.3
9 9 .9
B a n k c le a r in g s .....................
98.2
95.4
70.0
94.7
65.1
86.5
Banking power—nation
al banks ...................
56.2
34.7
98.6
9 9 .9
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
A n n u a l R ep o rts o f th e S t a t is t ic s D e p a rtm e n t, 1 897 to 1912 In c lu siv e .
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Boston: Municipal Printing Office.
S p ecia l P u b lic a tio n s N o. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892-9
Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out o f p rin t.]
12 to 26 pp.
Comparative
S p ecia l P u b lica tio n s N o. 2 . Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing
Office. 1898. 39 pp. 4to. [Out o f prin t.]
S p ecia l P u b lic a tio n s N o. 3 . Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1893-97; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 135 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 4.
Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 147 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 5 . Receipts and Expenditures, 1870-1900. Tables for thirty years.
Boston : Municipal Printing
Office. 1902. 65 pp. 4to. [Postage, six cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 6 . Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1893-97.
Printing Office. 1900. 218 pp. 4to. [Postage, fifteen cents,.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 7 . Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp.
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 8 . Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp.
Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal
of Ordinary Revenue, 1895-1899 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
of Ordinary Revenue, 1896-1900 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 9. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1898-1902 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 159 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s No. 10. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1899-1903; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 164 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw elve cents.]
S p e c ia l P u b li c a t io n s N o .i l. (Delayed.) Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1898-1902. Tables for five years. Boston:
Municipal Printing Office. 1910. 310 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw enty cents.]
Special P u b lication s N o. 12. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1900-1904; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 163 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 13. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1901-1905; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 161 pp. 4to. [Postage, tw elve cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 14. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1902-1906, w ith Appendix including Analyses
of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Printing Department. 1907.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 15. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1903-1907, w ith Appendix show ing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Printing Department. 1908.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
'
S p ecia l P u b lic a tio n s N o. 16. Same series as No. 15, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1904-1908. Boston: Printing
Department. 1909. 165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 17. Same series as No. 16, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1905-1909. Boston: Printing
Department. 1910. 167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
S p ecia l P u b lic a tio n s N o. 18. Same series as No. 17, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1906-1910. Boston: Printing
Department. 1911. 162 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 19. Same series as No. 18, w ith Comparative Tables for the five years, 1907-1911. Boston: Printing
Department. 1912. 170 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
M o n th ly B u lle tin o f th e S ta t is t ic s D e p a rtm en t.
ten numbers, w ith tables for twelve months.
Volum e II.
Volume III.
B oston: Municipal Printing Office.
1899.
4to.
Comprises
Boston : Printing Department. 1900. 4to. Comprises eight numbers, w ith tables for tw elve months.
Boston : Printing Department. 1901. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers, w ith tables for tw elve months.
Printing Department.
Volum e IV . Boston
months.
Boston: Printing Department.
Volum e V.
months.
Volum e VI. Boston: Printing Department.
months.
Volum e V II. Boston : Printing Department.
months.
Volum e V III. Boston: Printing Department
months.
Volum e IX . B oston : Printing Department.
months.
Volume X .
months.
Volum e I.
Boston:
1902.
4to.
Comprises eleven numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for twelve
1903.
4to.
Comprises ten numbers (338 pages), w ith tables for twelve
1904.
4to.
Comprises eigh t numbers (264 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
Printing Department.
4to.
Comprises four numbers (156 pages), w ith tables for twelve
4to.
4to.
Comprises five numbers (192 pages), w ith tables for twelve
Comprises four numbers (156 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
4to.
Comprises four numbers (160 pages), w ith tables for twelve
Volum e XI. Boston: Printing Department. 1909. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
months.
Volum e X II. Boston: Printing Department. 1910. 4to. Comprises four numbers (170 pages), w ith tables for twelve
months.
V olum e X III. Boston: Printing’ Department. 1911. 4to. Comprises four numbers (168 pages), with tables for tw elve
months.
Volum e X IV .
months.
Boston:
Printing Department.
1912.
4to.
Comprises four numbers (172 pages), w ith tables for tw elve
Copies of the Publications named in the foregoing list w ill be mailed to any address on receipt of the price of postage.
Address:
Edw
ard
M.
H
artw ell
,
S ecretary, Statistics Department, 73, City Hall, Boston, Mass.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CITY
OF
STATISTICS
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC.,
IN
N EW ENGLAND AND BOSTON
BY
DR.
EDWARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Department
[R eprinted
from
B ulletin
of the
Statistics D epartment, V ol. X V .,-N os, 7 9
CITY OF
P R IN T IN G
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
19 14
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CONTENTS OF APPENDIX OF MONTHLY BULLETIN OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
VOLUME IX .— 1907.
N o s.
1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
M assachusetts cities in 1906 ; Boston Population Statistics (1905) by Wards.
N os. 4 - 5 - 6 . Ju n e. Summary of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, City of Boston, for Five years, Ending January 31,
1903; Summary of Income and Outgo, by Classes of Expenditure, for Same Period.
N o s. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1900-1907 ; Comparative Statistics of Population of the Metropolitan D istrict,
1875-1905 ; Property of Institutions and Societies Exempted from Taxation in the Cities of M assachusetts and in the
Metropolitan D istrict, 1905.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1907; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1907; Comparative Financial
Statistics of Cities. 1905.
VOLUME X .— 1908.
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
Cities of M assachusetts in 1907 ; Foreign Commerce of the United States, 1898-1907.
N o s. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e . Comparative Statistics of Cities, 1905.
No®. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Metropolitan D istrict Financial Statistics, 1906.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1908; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1908 ; Borrowing from Municipal
Trust Funds ; Boston School Census, 1908.
VOLUME X I.— 1 909.
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
the Cities of Massachusetts in 1908; Population (1895-1905), N et Debt and V aluation (1908) of Metropolitan
D istricts.
N o s. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e. Population and Social Statistics of Metropolitan D istrict, 1905.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1909.
N os. 10-11 =12. D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1909; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1909; Boston and the County of
Suffolk, 1643-1905; V otes in M assachusetts and Boston on State Referenda, and for Governor, 1780-1907.
VOLUME XII.— 1 910.
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for the
Cities of M assachusetts in 1909.
N os. 4-5= 6. J u n e . The Growth of Boston in Population, Area, Etc.
N os. 7 - 8 - 9 . S ep te m b e r . Boston School Census, 1910; Population of Boston by Wards, in 1895, 1900, 1905 and 1910, w ith
Changes and Percentages; Population by Election Precincts in 1910; Population of Metropolitan District, 1875-1910,
w ith Changes every Five Years; Assessed Valuation and N et Municipal Debt in M etropolitan District, 1905-1909;
Outline Ward Map of Boston, Showing Population in 1910, Changes Since 1905 and Percentage in Each Ward.
N o s. 10-11-12. D ecem b er. Summary Tables, 1910; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, in 1910; Growth of the Cities of
M assachusetts.
VOLUME X III.— 1911.
N o s. 1 -2 -3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Indebtedness, also other Taxation and V aluation Statistics for
the Cities of M assachusetts in 1910; Boston’s Annexations and Their Results.
N o s. 4 -5 - 6 . J u n e . Boston and its A nnexed D istricts; Population of Thirty Principal Cities, in 1910, 1900 and 1890, w ith Rank
and Percentage of Increase.
N o s. 7= 8-9. S e p tem b er. Boston School Census, 1911; Comparative Statistics of the Metropolitan Districts, 1900 and 1910.
N os. 1 0 -1 1 -1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables for the year 1911; Comparative Interest in Referenda and Election Contests,
1890-1911.
_
VOLUME XIV_ 1 9 1 2 .
N o s. 1 - 2 - 3 .
M arch. Population, Valuation, Tax Rate and Funded Debt, w ith other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for
Cities of M assachusetts in 1911; Comparative Interest in Referenda and Election Contests, 1890-1911, Second Article;
Changes Effected by Amendments of the State Constitution; Receipts of Milk in Boston, by Rail, 1911, by months.
N o s. 4 - 5 - 6 . J u n e . Public Markets in Boston; Foreign Commerce of the Principal Ports of the U nited States for 10 years,
1903-1912.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 . S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1912; Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston.
N o s. 1 0 -1 1 - 1 2 . D ecem b er. Summary Tables for the year 1912; Comparative Statistics of New England, Massachusetts and
Boston, Second Article.
VOLUME X V . - 1913.
N os. 1 -2 -3 .
N os. 4= 5-6.
N os. 7 -8 - 9 .
M arch. Comparative Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston, Third A rticle.
J u n e . Population, V aluation, Tax Rate and Funded Debt, w ith other Taxation and Valuation Statistics for Cities
of M assachusetts in 1912; Statistics of New England, M assachusetts and Boston, Fourth Article; Receipts of Milk
in Boston by Rail, for Year 1912, by Months.
S ep tem b er. Boston School Census, 1913; Hanks and Banking, Industries, W ealth, etc., in New England and Boston.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CITY
OF
BOSTON
STATISTICS
DEPARTMENT
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC.,
IN
N E W ENGLAND AND BOSTON
BY
DR.
EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Departm
ent
[ R e p r in t e d f r o m B u l l e t in o f t h e S t a t is t ic s D e p a r t m e n t , V o l .
C I TY O F
P R IN T IN G
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
1 9 14
X V ., - N
o s.
7 -9 ]
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BANKS AND BANKING, INDUSTRIES, WEALTH, ETC., IN NEW ENGLAND
AND BOSTON.
BY DR. E D W A R D M. HARTWELL, SECRETARY OF STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
To facilitate comparison of regions and groups of states, the
United States Bureau of the Census divides the country into nine
geographical divisions. Division I., comprising the six New Eng
land States, is termed New England. For three hundred years,
ever since 1614, when Captain John Smith gave North Virginia the
name of New England, New England has been “ on the map.”
Of the terms used to designate the nine divisions, New England is
the most familiar and distinctive as well as the most ancient.
New England, by reason of its situation, climate and history, is
one of the most individual and characteristic regions of the United
States. Thanks to its well defined unitary character, and the
magnitude and solidarity of its industrial, commercial and financial
interests, New England has strong claims to have a regional bank
located in Boston, which is indisputably “ both the metropolis and
business capital of the region.”
The following statement shows the divisional rank of New England
and its percentage relation to the United States, in respect to area,
population, wealth, agriculture, industry and commerce.
Year
Boots and Shoes:
New
England
Per C ent
Rank of U. S.
Wage earners...........................
1909
104,485
I
52.7
W ages.........................................
Capital invested......................
1909
1909
$56.4 millions
111.1
“
I
I
57.2
5 0 .0
Value of products...................
1909
I
57.2
293.1
“
Fisheries:
Persons engaged in .................
1908
22,078
III
15.3
Number of vessels and boats,
1908
14,174
II
15.7
Value of vessels and b o a t s ..
1908
$8,187.5 millions
Value of products...................
1908
15,085.4
I
32.6
II
“
27.9
15.6
Shipbuilding:
Area.................................................
1910
61,976 sq. miles
IX
1910
30,805 *
IX
2 .2
Persons per sq. mile of land,
1910
“
II
III
$12,059.5 millions
III
9 .6
1909
III
15.9
IV
6 .9
11,634.2
“
Foreign Commerce:
2 .1
Land in farms..........................
6,330
1909
Value of products...................
Per Cent
Rank of U. S.
New
England
1909
Capital invested......................
Year
Wage earners...........................
Total value............................... 11913
$295.6 millions
Imports.................................
-
1913
179.3
“
II
9 .9
Exports..................................
105.7
1913
116.3
“
VI
4 .7
II
9 .1
Total population.........................
1910
6,552,681
VII
7 .1
Urban.........................................
1910
5,455,345
III
12.8
Rural..........................................
1910
1,097,336
IX
2 .2
163,948
II
6.1
Number of cities.........................
1910
362
III
15.1
U. S. citizens.......................
1913
27,177
II
4 .3
W ith 100,000 or more...........
1910
8
III
16.0
Aliens.....................................
1913
136,771
II
6 .6
W ith 25-100,000.....................
1910
34
III
19.0
W ith 10-25,000.......................
1910
61
III
16.3
Immigrant aliens to New
E ngland............................ 1 1913
168,952
III
14.1
With
5-10,000.......................
1910
106
III
16.9
W ith 21-5,000.........................
1910
153
III
13.0
Emigrant aliens from New
England............................
28,756
III
9 .3
D uties collected....................... 1 1912
27.7
“
Passenger Business, N . E. Ports:
T otal...........................................U 913
1913
Bank clearings............................. 2 1912 $10,251,821 thousands
Banking power of nat’l banks. .
In cities......................................
1910
8 3 .3
I
-
In country.................................
1910
16.7
IX
-
Foreign-born population...........
1910
1,825,110
III
Per cent foreign-born to total
population.............................
1910
2 7.9
I
1912
Resources of nat’l banks...........
Per Cent of Population:
1912
1 Fiscal year ending June 30.
IV
6.1
782,561
“
IV
9 .1
906,046
*
IV
8 .3
2 Fiscal year ending September 30.
13.5
POPULATION, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, 1910
-
W ealth............................................
1904
V
1904
38.4
IX
1904
477.1
III
14.5
T otal P op u lation
4 .5
Manufacturing mach’y, etc..
A.
8 .3
Farming implements, e tc .. . .
W ith C hange from 1900
$8,823.3 millions
1910
867.2
Value of all farm crops..............
1909
141.0
“
VIII
2 .1
IX
1909
25,351
iv is io n s
In c re a se
15,977,691
fro m
1900
9 .4
Manufactures:
Number of establishments. .
D
2 .6
IV
en su s
Total
Population,
1910
91,972,266
Value of farm property.............
C
Number
Per Cent
21.0
Atlantic States:
Persons engaged......................
1909
1,212,158
III
15.8
Wage earners...........................
1909
1,101,290
III
16.6
6,552,681
960,664
17 2
Primary horse power.............
1909
2,715,121
III
14.5
19,315,892
3,861,214
25 0
Capital invested......................
W ages.........................................
1909
III
13.6
12,194,895
III
1,751,415
16.3
16.8
38,063,468
6,573,293
2 0 .9
1909
$2,503.9 millions
557.6
Value of products...................
1909
2,670.1
III
12.9
Value added by manufacture,
1909
1,193.8
III
13.9
Central States:
Cotton Manufactures:
Wage earners...........................
1909
W ages.........................................
1909
188,984
$77.2 millions
I
4 9 .9
18,250,621
2,265,040
14.2
I
58.1
11,637,921
1,290,498
12.5
Capital invested......................
1909
375.8
I
45.7
8,409,901
862,144
11.4
Value of products...................
1909
316.5
I
50.4
8,784,534
2,252,244
34.5
47,082,977
6,669,926
16.5
I
63.5
Woolen Manufactures:
Wage earners...........................
1909
107,120
W ages.........................................
1909
$48.2 millions
I
66.5
Capital invested......................
1909
264.7
I
61.5
Value of products...................
1909
275.6
I
63.2
2,633,517
(1)
958,860
57.3
4,192,304
1,775,612
73.5
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B.
Urban P op u la tio n , 1910
U rb a n
P o p u la tio n ,
1910
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
42,623,383
U n ite d S ta t e s ................................................................
M o v em en t o f A lien s — Continued
I ncrease
pro m
1900
C
C
N um ber
en su s
D
o m in g
T
o
:
G
o in g
F
rom
:
iv is io n s
Number
P er C ent
Per
Cent
Number
Per
Cent
3 4 .8
11,013,738
Central States:
III.
E ast North Central....................
265,355
22.1
52,842
I.
N ew E n g l a n d ................................................
5,455,345
965,814
2 1 .5
IV.
W est North C entral..................
54,718
4 .6
9,421
3.1
I I.
M id d le A tla n tic ............................................
13,723,373
3,415,656
3 3 .1
VI.
E ast South Central....................
3,164
0 .3
726
0 .2
V.
S o u th A tla n tic ..............................................
3,092,153
754,436
3 2 .3
VII.
W est South C entral...................
14,359
1.2
1,520
0 .5
22,270,871
5,135,906
3 0 .0
337,596
28.2
64,509
21.0
2,269,260
3 0 .9
A tla n tic S ta te s :
17.2
VIII.
E a s t N o rth C e n t r a l....................................
9,617,271
IV .
W e s t N o rth C e n t r a l...................................
3,873,716
851,052
E a s t S o u th C e n t r a l.....................................
1,574,229
387,939
V II.
W e st S o u th C e n t r a l....................................
1,957,456
795,720
4,303,971
3 3 .8
6,119
2 .0
4 .6
12,332
4 .0
Possessions....................................
7,366
0 .6
6 8 .5
17,022,672
1.9
55,584
X.
3 2 .7
22,946
Pacific S tates...............................
2 8 .2
V I.
Mountain S tates.........................
IX.
C e n tra l S ta te s :
III.
V III.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s ..........................................
947,511
372,179
Pacific S ta t e s .................................................
2,382,329
1,201,682
0 .5
15.1
The following table shows by states (1) the composition, (2)
area, (3) population and (4) the density of population of the nine
Census Divisions of the United States:
6 4 .7
IX .
1,531
46,646
"
1 0 1 .8
AREA, POPULATION AND DENSITY BY CENSUS
DIVISIONS AND STATES, 1910
C.
C
en su s
Foreign=born P op u lation , 1910
D
A bb a
Total
Foreignborn,
1910
iv is io n s
Number
13,515,886
+3,174,610
D
+ 3 0 .7 0
iv is io n s
and
fro m
Sta tes
e n s it y
Per
Square
Mile
Square
Miles
United S tates. . . .
United States......................................................
D
o p u l a t io n
Per Cent
C hange
1900
P
Per
Cent
Number
Per
Cent
2,973,890
100.0
91,972,266
100.0
30.9
61,976
2.1
6,552, 681
7.1
105.7
Atlantic States:
New E ngland...............
Atlantic States:
29,895
742, 371
24.8
N . Hampshire. .
9,031
430, 572
47.7
9,124
355, 956
39.0
4.
M assachusetts..
8,039
3,366, 416
418.8
5.
Rhode Island. . .
1,067
542, 610
508.5
6.
C onnecticut.. . .
4,820
1,114, 756
Middle A tlantic...........
100,000
I.
New England.......................................
1,825,110
+379,873
+ 2 6 .2 8
1.
II.
Middle A tlantic...................................
4,851,173
+1,533,614
+ 4 6 .2 3
2.
V.
South A tlantic.....................................
299,994
+83,964
+ 3 8 .8 7
3.
T otal.............................................................
+1,997,451
6,976,277
+ 4 0 .1 2
Central States:
III.
East North Central...........................
3,073,766
+448,540
+ 1 7 .0 9
IV.
W est North Central..........................
1,616,695
+83,447
+ 5 .4 4
1.
VI.
E ast South C entral............................
87,825
—2,743
—3.03
2.
New Jersey. . . .
VII.
West South Central...........................
352,192
+85,105
+ 3 1 .8 6
3.
3 .4
19,315, 892
231.3
21.0
193.2
47,654
9,113, 614
191.2
7,514
2,537, 167
337.7
T otal.............................................................
+614,349
5,130,478
P ennsylvania...
44,832
South A tlan tic.............
269,071
D elaw are...........
1,965
2 0 2 , 322
9,941
1,295, 346
130.3
60
331, 069
5,517.8
51.2
+ 1 3 .6 0
1.
VIII.
Mountain States.................................
453,322
+151,353
+ 5 0 .1 2
2.
IX .
Pacific States........................................
955,809
+411,457
+ 7 5 .5 9
3.
D . of Columbia,
7,665, 111
9 .0
12,194, 895
171.0
13.3
45.3
103.0
40,262
2,061, 612
* 5.
W est V irginia...
24,022
1 , 2 2 1 , 119
50.8
6.
North Carolina.
48,740
2,206, ,287
4 5 .3
4.
MOVEMENT OF ALIENS, 1912-13
7.
G o in g F r o m :
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
N um ber
U n ite d S ta t e s .................................................
1,197,892
P er
C ent
N um ber
P er
C ent
South Carolina..
30,495
1,515, 400
49.7
8.
Georgia...............
58,725
2,609, ,121
44.4
9.
C o m ing T o :
Florida...............
54,861
752, 619
13.7
Totals, Atlantic States,
431,047
14.5
38,063,468
4 1 .4
245,564
8.2
18,250,621
19.8
88.5
Central States:
100.0
308,190
100.0
III. E ast North C entral...
A tla n tic S ta te s :
1.
74.3
N ew E n g l a n d .................................
168,952
14.1
28,756
574,633
48 .0
139,845
V.
S o u th A tla n tic ...............................
30,815
2 .6
8,452
T o t a l ........................................
774,400
64.7
177,053
2,700,876
74.9
56,043
5,638,591
100.6
M ichigan...........
57,480
2,810,173
4 8 .9
5.
57.4
36,045
Illinois.................
4.
2 .7
Indiana...............
3.
45.4
4,767,121
W isconsin..........
55,256
2,333,860
42.2
117.0
9 .3
M id d le A tla n tic ............................
40,740
2.
I.
II.
O hio....................
(2)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AREA, POPULATION, ETC.— CONTINUED
A
D
iv is io n s
and
D
o p u l a t io n
States
Square
Miles
IV. W est North C entral...
1.
P
bea
510,804
Per
Cent
17.2
Per
Cent
11,637,921
12.7
80,858
D
Per
Square
Mile
Number
M innesota.........
A bea
e n s it y
iv is io n s
V III. M ountain States. . . .
25.7
1.
P
D
o p u l a t io n
States
Per
Cent
Square
Miles
2 2.8
2,075,708
and
859,125
Number
28.9
2,633,517
Per
Cent
e n s it y
Per
Square
Mile
3.1
2 .8
M ontana..........
146,201
376,053
2. 6
3 .9
2.
Io w a ....................
55,586
2,224,771
40.0
2.
Idaho................
83,354
325,594
3.
M issouri.............
68,727
3,293,335
47 .9
3.
W yom ing.........
97,594
145,965
1.5
4.
North D a k o ta ..
70,183
577,056
8 .2
4.
Colorado..........
103,658
799,024
7 .7
2 .7
5.
South D akota. .
76,868
583,888
7 .6
5.
New M exico...
122,503
327,301
6.
Nebraska...........
76,808
1,192,214
15.5
6.
Arizona.............
113,810
204,354
1. 8
7.
K ansas................
81,774
1,690,949
20.7
7.
U ta h ..................
82,184
373,351
4 .5
VI. E ast South Central. . .
179,509
8.
N evada.............
109,821
1.
K entucky...........
40,181
Pacific States..............
318,095
2.
Tennessee..........
41,687
2,184,789
52.4
1.
Washington. . .
66,836
1,141,990
3.
Alabama.............
51,279
2,138,093
4 1 .7
2.
Oregon..............
95,607
672,765
7 .0
4.
Mississippi.........
46,362
1,797,114
38.8
3.
California.........
155,652
2,377,549
15.3
VII. W est South Central.. .
429,746
6.0
8,409,901
9.1
46.8
2,289,905
14.5
IX.
57.0
8,784,534
9 .6
Arkansas............
52,525
1,574,449
2.
Louisiana...........
45,409
1,656,388
3 6.5
3.
Oklahoma..........
69,414
1,657,155
2 3.9
4.
T exas..................
262,398
3,896,542
14.8
47,082,977
4 .5
13.2
17.1
The percentage relation of the several divisions to the United
States and of the individual divisions to each other is set forth
summarily below.
Although New England stands seventh as to total population and
sixth as to the number of its national banks,— it is third as to
foreign-born population, urban population, number of all cities and
cities of 10,000 or over, number of wage earners engaged in manu
factures, value of manufactured products, and surplus of national
banks; and fourth as to wealth, the capital, banking power and
total resources of its national banks and the amount of its bank
clearings.
3 0.0
4 5 .9
4,192,304
2 0.4
1.
Totals, Central States. 1,365,623
0 .7
81,875
10.7
51.2
34.5
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF AREA, POPULATION, ETC., BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, 1910
Per C ents of U nited S ta tes, w ith D ivisional R ank
A rea,
1910
T otal P o pu la
t io n , 1910
C e n s u s D i v is io n s
F o r e ig n - b o r n
P o p u l a t io n ,
U r ba n P o pula
t i o n , 1910
1910
N u m b e r of
C i t i e s , 1910
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United S tates.............................................................
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
100.0
-
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
2 .1
9
7 .1
7
13.5
3
12.8
3
15.1
3
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
3 .4
8
21.0
1
3 5 .9
1
3 2 .2
1
20.8
2
8
7 .2
5
8 .7
5
South A tlantic.............................................
9 .0
5
13.3
3
T otal......................................................
V.
2 .2
14.5
-
41.4
-
51.6
-
52 .2
-
44.6
-
8 .2
6
19.8
2
22.7
2
22.6
2
21.7
1
Central States:
III.
East North Central................................
IV.
West North Central...................................
17.2
2
12.7
4
12.0
4
9 .1
4
11.8
4
VI.
East South C entral....................................
6 .0
7
9 .1
6
0 .6
9
3 .7
8
5 .2
7
VII.
W est South C entral....................................
14.5
3
9 .6
5
2 .6
7
4 .6
7
7 .9
6
T o ta l......................................................
45 .9
-
51.2
-
3 7 .9
-
4 0 .0
-
46.6
-
VIII.
Mountain S tates..........................................
28.9
1
2 .8
9
3 .4
6
2 .2
9
4 .0
9
IX .
Pacific S tates................................................
10.7
4
4 .6
8
7 .1
5
5 .6
6
4 .8
8
(3)
i
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
COMPARATIVE VIEW OF AREA, POPULATION, ETC.— CONTINUED
Cities
Census D ivisions
of
10,000
1910
and
Over,
M anufactures, 1909
POPULATION
number
W
AGE EARNERS
Wealth, 1904
VALUE O PRO
F
DUCTS
ALL PROPERTY
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United S tates.............................................................
100.0
100.0
100 0
100 0
100 0
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
17.1
3
12.2
3
16.6
3
13.0
3
8 3
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
24.3
1
35.3
1
33.4
1
34.5
1
27.5
1
7.4
5
South A tlantic.............................................
7.8
T otal...............................................................
V.
49.2
5
6.8
5
54.3
10.0
4
6.7
60.0
5
4
43 2
54.7
Central States:
III.
East North Central....................................
22.6
2
22.6
2
22.9
2
25.2
2
22 4
2
IV.
West North Central.................................
9.1
4
8.3
4
5.7
5
8.7
4
15 7
3
VI.
East South C entral....................................
4.2
8
3.3
8
4 .0
6
3 .0
7
4.0
8
VIII.
West South Central....................................
6.7
6
3.9
7
3.1
8
3.0
7
5.4
7
T o ta l......................................................
42.6
VIII.
Mountain S tates..........................................
3.0
9
1.7
9
1.1
9
1.8
8
3 7
9
IX.
Pacific States................................................
5.2
7
5.9
6
3.2
7
4.1
6
5.6
6
38.1
35.7
39 9
47.5
N ational B anks, 1912
Census D ivisions
CAPITAL
NUM
BER
SURPLUS
BANKING POW TO
ER TAL RESOURCES
Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank Per Cent Rank
United States.............................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100 0
Atlantic States:
I.
New England...............................................
6.3
6
10.1
4
10.9
3
9.1
4
8.3
4
II.
Middle A tlantic...........................................
20.3
1
29.8
1
44.1
1
35.5
1
37.1
1
V.
South A tlantic..............................................
9.1
5
8.6
5
7.2
5
7 3
5
6.7
5
T otal......................................................
35.7
62.2
48.5
51 9
52.1
Central States:
III.
East North Central....................................
17.7
3
18.8
2
IV.
West North Central..................................
19.6
2
11.4
3
VI.
East South Central....................................
4.9
8
4.1
VII.
West South Central....................................
12.1
4
7.2
T otal......................................................
54.3
VIII.
Mountain States..........................................
4.7
9
IX .
Pacific S tates................................................
5.3
7
2
18.8
2
18.9
2
7.8
4
11.1
3
11 8
3
7
2.7
8
3.2
8
2.9
8
6
5.0
7
5 3
7
5.0
7
41.5
29.9
2.8
8
7.2
(4)
14.4 '
6
38 4
38.6
2.4
9
3 0
9
2 8
9
5.5
6
6.7
6
6.5
6
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Per C en ts of U n ited S ta te s, E tc.— C o n tin u ed
DIVISIONAL RANK OF NEW ENGLAND
As to D en sity per Square M ile of:
C l e a r in g
H o u se
Density
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
1912
P er
C ent
U n ite d S ta t e s ................................
R ank
100.0
-
Per
C ent
R ank
100.0
-
Rank*
II
Year
105.7
In cities of 10,000.......................
Foreign-born................................
67.5
29.5
II
II
1910
1910
Value of farm property.................
$13,993
IV
1910
Value of farm crops........................
E x c h a n g es,
V a lu e o f a l l
F a rm P ro p
e r t y , 1910
2,277
VI
1910
V a lu e op a l l
F a rm C ro p s,
1909
P er
C ent
R ank
100.0
-
1910
A tla n tic S ta te s :
I.
N ew E n g l a n d ................
6 .1
4
2 .1
8
2 .6
9
II.
M id d le A tla n tic ............
64 .9
1
7 .2
4
7 .6
6
Manufactures:
Wage earners...............................
1909
S o u th A tla n tic ..............
2 .8
6
7 .2
4
13.5
3
Value of products.......................
17.8
$43,082
II
V.
II
1909
T o t a l ........................
73.8
-
16.5
-
23.7
-
W ealth...............................................
$142,367
II
1904
Central States:
III.
E a s t N o rth C e n t r a l ...
1 2.7
2
24 .7
2
20.4
2
Number of clearing houses...........
.00019
II
1912
IV.
W est North C entral...
6 .3
3
33 .0
1
26.3
1
Amount of clearings...................
$165,416
II
1912
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n t r a l . . .
1.2
8
5 .3
6
10.0
5
VII.
W est S o u th C e n t r a l.. .
1 .9
7
9 .4
3
11.5
4
T o t a l ........................
22.1
-
72.4
-
68.2
-
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s ..........
0 .6
9
4 .3
7
3 .0
8
II
II
1912
1912
IX.
P acific S t a t e s .................
3 .5
5
6 .8
5
5.1
7
.007
$1,706 73
1,652 11
II
II
II
1912
1912
National Banks:
Num ber.........................................
C apital...........................................
Surplus, e tc ............................
Banking power............................
Inspection of the foregoing tables shows that New England
stands high under most of the heads specified therein, but the rela
tive importance of the region is thrown into even higher relief by
the following “ Density Statistics,” in which the proportion of
population, wealth, value of manufactures, bank clearings, banking
power, etc., to the square mile of land is taken as the criterion of
divisional rank.
12,626 84
14,619 30
Resources......................................
1912
The density statistics Divisions I-IX , by groups, are set forth
in the following table, from which the foregoing statement relating
to New England is derived.
DENSITY STATISTICS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS, PER SQUARE MILE OF LAND, WITH RANK
A rea , 1910
P opulation, 1910
Census D ivisions
Total
Square Miles
Rank
Total,
Per
Rank
Square Mile
In Cities of
10,000
Per
Square Mile
Rank
Foreignborn,
Rank
Per
Square Mile
2,973,890
-
3 0 .9
-
11.48
-
4.5 4
-
New England.......................................................
61,976
9
105.7
2
67.47
2
29.45
2
II. Middle A tlantic...................................................
100,000
8
193.2
1
120.60
1
48.51
1
V.
South A tlantic.....................................................
269,071
5
45.3
5
8.66
4
1.11
6
T otals...........................................................................
431,047
-
88.5
-
43.08
-
16.18
-
United S tates.....................................................................
Atlantic States:
I.
Central States:
III.
East North Central............................................
245,564
6
74.3
3
31.40
3
12.52
3
IV.
West North Central...........................................
510,804
2
22.8
6
5.55
7
3.1 7
4
VI.
East South C entral.............................................
179,509
7
46.8
4
6 .17
6
0.49
9
VII.
West South Central............................................
429,748
3
20 .4
7
3 .1 0
8
0 .8 2
7
T otals...........................................................................
1,365,623
-
34 .5
-
9.51
-
3.7 6
-
VIII.
Mountain S tates..................................................
859,125
1
3 .1
9
0.6 9
9
0.53
8
IX .
Pacific S ta tes........................................................
318,095
4
13.2
8
6 .3 2
5
3 .0 0
5
(5)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DENSITY STATISTICS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS — CONTINUED
V alue
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
of
F arm s,
P er
S q u are M ile
F arm s
R ank
$13,783 78
and
C r o ps,
1910
M an u fa c tur es,
C rops,
W age E arn ers,
P er
R ank
P er
R ank
S q u are M ile
S q u are M ile
$1,845 11
2.22
1909
V a lu e o f
P ro d u c ts,
R ank
P er
S q u are M ile
$6,951 18
A tla n tic S ta te s:
13,993 17
4
2,276 91
6
'17.77
2
43,082 24
2
29,595 89
2
4,162 49
1
22.08
1
71,417 61
1
10,968 11
6
2,758 03
5
2.46
4
5,133 17
4
$15,724 57
$3,014 68
9.21
$25,967 03
C en tra l S ta te s:
41,207 70
2
6.16
3
21,223 40
3
26,498 05
3
2,830 65
4
0.73
6
3,531 49
5
5
3,071 06
3
1.46
5
3,512 29
6
8,931 22
W e st N o r th C e n tr a l..................................................
4,549 45
12,159 68
IV
1
7
1,462 13
7
0.48
8
1,455 38
8
$21,730 28
$2,740 67
1.72
$6,056 97
2,045 77
9
190 77
9
0.09
9
423 68
9
8,741 04
8
883 63
8
0.67
7
2,651 76
7
W ealth,
1904
C l e a r in g - H
o u ses,
N a t io n a l B a n k s ,
1912
1912
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
P er
S q u are M ile
R ank
$36,014 88
N u m b e r,
P er
S quare M ile
R ank
.00005
E x c h a n g es,
P er
S q u are M ile
R ank
$5,666 19
N u m b e r,
P er
R ank
S q u a re M ile
.002
A tla n tic S ta te s:
142,366 81
2
.00019
2
165,415 98
2
.007
2
294,782 82
1
.00022
1
1,092,924 89
.1
.015
1
10,968 11
5
.00006
5
17,729 34
6
.002
5
$107,270 18
.00012
$288,401 87
.006
C en tra l S ta tes:
97,695 12
3
.00014
3
87,357 07
3
.005
3
32,948 58
4
.00004
6
20,864 26
4
003
4
23,870 52
6
.00007
4
10,954 09
7
002
5
13,420 70
8
.00003
7
7,447 15
8
.002
5
$37,252 70
.00006
$27,295 99
.003
4,624 90
9
.00001
8
1,228 08
9
0004
7
18,922 70
7
.00004
6
18,423 70
5
.001
6
(6 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
DENSITY STATISTIC S, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS — CONCLUDED
N a t io n a l B a n k s , 1912 — C o n tin u ed
B a n k in g P o w er
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
C a pit a l
R ank
P er S q . M ile
P er S q. M ile
S urplus
R ank
P er Sq. M ile
T otal R e so u r c e s
R ank
P er S q . M ile
R ank
$2,884 75
U n ite d S t a t e s ................................................................................
-
$351 52
-
$316 54
-
$3,684 83
-
A tla n tic S t a t e s :
I.
N e w E n g la n d ...............................................................
12,626 84
2
1,706 73
2
1,652 11
2
14,619 30
2
II.
M id d le A t la n t ic ...........................................................
30,452 43
1
3,118 51
1
4,148 28
1
40,626 18
1
V.
S o u th A t la n t ic .............................................................
2,308-01
4
332 96
4
253 12
4
2,736 04
4
T o t a ls ......................................................................................
$10,320 97
-
$1,176 71
-
$1,357 92
-
$13,234 87
-
*
C en tra l S ta te s:
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n tr a l...................................................
6,552 48
3
801 10
3
551 01
3
8,415 54
3
IV.
W e st N o r th C e n tr a l..................................................
1,868 39
5
232 85
7
143 36
6
2,543 74
5
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n tr a l...................................................
1,534 67
7-
239 86
5
142 03
7
1,753 52
7
VII.
W e st S o u th C e n tr a l..................................................
1,069 04
8
174 85
8
110 22
8
1,280 01
8
T o t a ls ......................................................................................
$2,415 26
-
$317 70
-
$206 06
-
$3,098 04
-
9
33 62
9
26 19
9
362 59
9
237 14
6
163 84
5
2,235 73
6
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s .........................................................
302 85
IX .
P acific S t a t e s ................................................................
1,796 90
6
CITIES AND THEIR POPULATION, 1910, BY CENSUS
DIVISIONS
C i t i e s o f 10,000 o r M o r e
W ith Per C en ts of U nited S ta tes and D ivisional Rank
C
en su s
D
iv is io n s
United States..............................
Total
Number
of
Cities.
2,402
Per
Cent
100.0
Rank
-
Popula
tion, All
Cities
Per
Cent
42,623,383 100.0
C e n s u s D iv is io n s
N um ber
of
C ities
P er
C ent
R ank
P o p u la
tio n
Per
C ent
R ank
Rank
U n ite d S ta t e s ................................
601
100.0
-
34,153,024 100.0
-
A tla n tic S ta te s :
-
I.
I.
New England...............
362
15.1
II.
Middle A tlantic...........
499
V.
South A tlan tic.............
210
T o ta l......................
1,071
3
5,455,345
12.8
2 0 .8
2
13,723,373
32.2
5
3,092,153
7 .2
-
22,270,871
52.2
4,181,524
12.2
1
12,060,466
35.3
1
S o u th A tla n tic ..............
47
7 .8
5
2,329,122
6 .8
5
T o t a l ........................
-
3
24.3
296
49.2
-
18,571,112
54.3
-
5
4 4 .6
17.1
146
3
1
8 .7
103
M id d le A tla n tic ............
V.
3
N ew E n g l a n d ................
II.
Atlantic States:
C e n tra l S ta te s :
III.
E a s t N o r th C e n t r a l . . .
136
22.6
2
7,711,918
22.6
2
IV.
Central States:
W e st N o r th C e n tr a l. .
55
9.1
4
2,833,028
8 .3
4
III.
E ast North C entral...
522
21.7
1
9,617,271
22.6
-
VI.
E a s t S o u th C e n t r a l. . .
25
4 .2
8
1,107,731
3 .3
8
IV.
W est North C entral...
282
11.8
4
3,873,716
9.1
4
VII.
W e st S o u th C e n tr a l.. .
40
6 .7
6
1,330,471
3 .9
7
VI.
E ast South Central. ..
125
5 .2
7
1,574,229
3 .7
8
VII.
W est South Central.. .
190
7 .9
6
1,957,456
4 .6
7
T o t a l ........................
256
42.6
-
12,983,148
38.1
-
T o ta l. . . ................
1,119
4 6 .6
-
17,022,672
4 0 .0
-
VIII.
M o u n ta in S t a t e s ..........
18
3 .0
9
588,969
1.7
9
VIII.
Mountain S ta tes.........
97
4 .0
9
947,511
2 .2
9
IX .
Pacific S tates................
31
5.2
7
2,009,795
5 .9
6
IX.
Pacific S ta tes................
115
4 .8
8
2,382,329
5 .6
6
N o t e . — Places of 2,500 inhabitants and upwards are classed as urban (as dis
tinguished from rural), and for convenience are called cities, in the publications
of the U. S. Census Bureau.
(7 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NATIONAL BANKS,* 1912, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS
W ith Per C ents of U n ited S ta tes and D ivision al R ank
(V A L U E S STATED IN TH O USA ND S)
C
en su s
D
Number
iv is io n s
Per Cent
Rank
Banking
Power
Rank
Per Cent
Total
Resources
Per Cent
Rank
7,391
100.0
-
$8,578,930
100.0
-
$10,958,294
100.0
-
New England................................................
463
6 .3
6
782,561
9.1
4
906,046
8 .3
4
Middle A tlantic............................................
1,503
20.3
1
3,045,243
35.5
1
4,062,618
37.1
1
South A tlantic...............................................
670
9 .1
5
621,020
7 .2
5
736,188
6 .7
5
T ota l.......................................................
2,636
35.7
-
$4,448,824
51.8
-
$5,704,852
52.1
-
United States...............................................................
Atlantic States:
I.
II.
V.
Central States:
III.
East North Central.....................................
1,307
17.7
3
1,609,054
18.8
2
2,066,554
18.9
2
IV.
West North Central....................................
1,448
19.6
2
954,379
11.1
3
1,299,353
11.8
3
VI.
East South Central......................................
363
4 .9
8
275,487
3 .2
8
314,773
2 .9
8
VII.
West South Central.....................................
897
12.1
4
459,417
5 .4
7
550,081
5 .0
7
T otal.......................................................
4,015
54.3
-
$3,298,337
38.5
-
$4,230,761
38.6
VIII.
Mountain S tates..........................................
348
4 .7
9
260,183
3 .0
9
311,507
2 .8
9
IX.
Pacific States.................................................
392
5 .3
7
571,586
6 .7
6
711,174
6 .5
6
-
* These are the comptroller’s figures for the year ending September 30, 1912; not for June 14, 1912.
C apital, S u rplu s, e tc ., of N ation al B anks, * 1912
BANK CLEARINGS, BY CENSUS DIVISIONS
(V ALUES STATED IN THOUSANDS)
In Y ear E n d in g S ep tem b er 30, 1912
(V A LU ES STATED IN TH O USA ND S)
C
en su s
D
iv is io n s
Capital
Surplus,
etc.
Banking
Power
Total
Resources
C
United States................................. $1,045,394
$941,347
$8,578,930
D
iv is io n s
$10,958,294
United States..........................
Atlantic States:
I.
New England..................
105,776
102,391
782,561
906,046
11.
Middle A tlantic.............
311,851
414,828
3,045,243
4,062,618
V.
South A tlan tic................
89,591
68,108
621,020
736,188
T o ta l.........................
en su s
Number
Clear
ing
Houses
151
Per
Cent
100.0
Rank
-
Total
Clearings
Per
Cent
$168,506,362 100.0
Rank
-
Atlantic States:
$585,327
$4,448,824
12
7 .9
7
10,251,821
6.1
22
14.6
2
109,292,489
64.9
1
V.
$5,704,852
New E ngland...........
Middle A tlantic. . . .
South A tlan tic.........
16
10.6
4
4,770,451
2 .8
6
T o ta l..................
$507,218
I.
II.
50
33.1
-
$124,314,761
73.8
-
Central States:
III.
East North C entral.. ..
196,722
135,309
1,609,054
2,066,554
IV.
W est North C entral.. . .
118,941
73,228
954,379
1,299,353
VI.
East South Central. . . .
43,057
25,495
275,487
314,773
VII.
W est South C entral.. . .
75,142
47,366
459,417
550,081
4
Central States:
III.
East North Central,
35
23.2
1
21,451,751
12.7
2
IV.
W est North Central,
19
12.6
3
10,657,545
6 .3
3
VI.
E ast South Central,
13
8 .6
6
1,966,357
1.2
8
VII.
W est South Central,
11
7 .3
8
3,200,385
1 .9
7
78
51.7
-
$37,276,038
22.1
-
T o ta l.........................
$433,862
$281,398
$3,298,337
$4,230,761
V III.
M ountain States............
28,882
22,504
260,183
311,507
IX.
Pacific S ta tes..................
75,432
52,118
571,586
711,174
VIII.
M ountain S tates. . .
9
5 .9
9
1,055,075
0 .6
9
* These are the comptroller’s figures for the year ending September 30, 1912;
not for June 14.
IX .
Pacific States............
14
9 .3
5
5,860.488
3 .5
5
(8 )
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NATIONAL BANKS IN NEW ENGLAND, ETC., W ITH PER CENTS
C on d ition , as o f J u n e 14, 1912
A bsolute
N
um bers
w it h
Va lues S tated
in
T
P er
housands
C a p ita l
N um ber
S u rp lu s ,
e tc .
D e p o s its
C ir c u la
tio n
B a n k in g
P ow er
C e n ts
Number Capital
of
U. S.
and
of
N ew
E n g la n d , E tc .
Surplus,
etc.
Deposits
Circu
lation
Banking
Power
U n i t e d S t a t e s ....................................
7,368
$1,032,961
$950,551
$5,882,020
$708,691
$8,574,223
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
N e w E n g l a n d ...............................
464
99,772
101,037
519,892
62,595
783,296
6 30
9 66
10 63
8 84
8 83
9 14
2 55
5 37
6 55
5 71
4 14
5 63
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
100 00
M a i n e ...........................................
70
7,850
6,189
43,775
5,891
63,705
15 09
7 87
6 13
8 42
9 41
8 13
N e w H a m p s h i r e ...................
56
5,235
4,515
19,123
4,942
33,815
12 07
5 25
4 47
3 68
7 90
4 32
V e r m o n t .....................................
50
5,160
3,883
18,729
4,671
32,443
10 78
5 17
3 84
3 60
7 46
4 14
M a s s a c h u s e t t s .......................
188
55,438
62,276
336,022
29,361
483,097
40 51
55 56
61 64
64 63
46 91
61 68
R h o d e I s l a n d .........................
22
6,775
6,740
31,334
4,690
49,539
4 74
6 79
6 67
6 03
7 49
6 32
C o n n e c t i c u t .............................
78
19,314
17,434
70,909
13,040
120,697
16 81
19 36
17 25
13 64
20 83
15 41
BANKING POWER OF ALL BANKS IN NEW ENGLAND
On J u n e 14, 1912
(v a l u e s
sta ted
in
BANK CLEARINGS, NEW ENGLAND CITIES
In Year E nding S ep tem b er 30, 1912
th o u san ds)
Total
Clearings
Per Cent
of U. S.
United States...........................................................
$168,506,362,000
New England.......................................................
10,251,821,000
6.08
Portland................................................
113,317,000
0.07
Bangor............... ...................................
24,969,000
0.01
$138,286,000
0.08
B oston ...................................................
8,865,807,000
* 5 .2 6
Worcester.............................................
136,129,000
3.
Springfield............................................
119,104,000
0.07
4.
Fall R iver.............................................
59,372,000
0 .0 4
Estimated
Population,
1912
Number
of
Banks
United States..........................
95,731,000
25,160
12,002,642
$2,162,272
New England......................
6,750,000
1,083
144,504
265,400
1.
M aine...............................
753,000
163
11,265
18,467
2.
New Hampshire............
435,000
120
6,449
14,079
T otal..................................................
V eim ont...........................
358,000
96
6,635
M assachusetts...............
3,481,000
441
78,600
159,467
Rhode Island..................
563,000
56
15,194
21,403
1.
Connecticut....................
1,160,000
207
26,361
42,355
2.
100.00
9,629
Capital
Total
Banking
Power
D eposits
Surplus and
Undivided
Profits
Maine:
Massachusetts:
Banking
Power
Per Capita
0.08
United States..........................
$17,040,203
$708,691
$21,913,807
2,449,411
62,595
2,921,910
179,964
5,891
215,586
51,846,000
0.03
H olyoke................................................
33,891,000
0 .0 2
Lowell....................................................
29,579,000
0 .0 2
T otal..................................................
$9,295,728,000
5.52
426,301,000
0 .2 5
432 88
M aine...............................
New Bedford.......................................
7.
$228 91
New E ngland......................
5.
6.
286 30
New Hampshire............
118,499
4,942
143,970
91,270
4,671
112,205
313 42
M assachusetts................
1,428,263
29,361
1,695,690
487 13
Rhode Island..................
219,308
4,690
260,595
462 87
C onnecticut....................
412,107
13,040
493,864
Rhode Island:
330 97
V erm ont...........................
425 74
1.
Connecticut:
1.
Hartford................................................
239,205,000
0.14
2.
New H aven..........................................
152,301,000
0.09
T otal..................................................
$391,506,000
0.23
B an king Power, Per C ents o f U. S. and New E ngland, 1912
Estimated
Population
* Other per cents of Boston’s dealings, 86.48 per cent of New England and
95.38 per cent of Massachusetts.
Banking
Power
United S tates..........................
100.00
100.00
New E ngland......................
7.05
13.33
M assachusetts................
3.64
Providence............................................
7.74
SUM M ARY OF ALL BANKING INSTITUTIONS
As of J u n e 14, 1912
New E ngland......................
100.00
New England
National B anks...............................
7,368
464
6.30
State B anks............................. ........
13,350
21
0 .1 6
M utual Savings...............................
630
409
64.92
Stock Savings...................................
1,292
Private B anks..................................
1,110
-
-
Loan and Trust Companies.........
1,410
181
12.84
25,160
1,083
100.00
M aine................................
11.16
Per Cent
of U. S.
United States
N u m b e r:
7 .3 8
New Hampshire.............
6.44
4.93
V erm ont...........................
5 .3 0
3.84
M assachusetts................
Rhode Islan d..................
Connecticut.....................
51.57
8.34
17.19
58.03
8.92
16.90
Total Number, All Banks........
N o te .—
The figures for United States do not include the insular possessions
(Hawaii, Porto Rico and the Philippines).
* All in New Hampshire.
(9 )
8*
0 .6 2
4 .3 0
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
United States
Capital:
New England
B ank C learings in 34 C ities — C on tin u ed
Per Cent
of U. S.
National B a n k s...............................
$1,032,960,675 00
$99,771,950 00
9 .6 6
State B anks......................................
451,475,806 09
3,194,500 00
Total
Clearings
0.71
Mutual Savings...............................
-
Stock Savings...................................
-
76,871,811 79
-
684,500 00
C
V.
0 .8 9
-
it ie s
and
C
D
iv is io n s
South A tlantic. .
1.
-
en su s
B altim ore...
$4,770,451
Rank
(VI)
1,893,003
Private Banks..................................
22,348,040 33
2.
W ashington.
387,513
Loan and T lust Companies.........
418,985,771 77
40,853,427 82
9 .7 5
3.
R ichm ond..,
424,316
29
Total Capital, All B a n k s.........
$2,002,642,104 98
$144,504,3';7 82
7.22
4.
A tlanta.........
693,934
20
Total Resources:
T otal...............................
N ational B anks............................... $10,858,022,742 15 $906,043,408 93
3,825,612,358 77
27,607,224 55
Mutual Savings...............................
3,929,091,986 91 1,531,023,251 90
38.97
Total Atlantic States.
0 .7 2
$3,398,766
$124,314,761
8.34
State B anks......................................
31
Stock Savings...................................
993,631,303 72
Private Banks..................................
196,940,397 42
Loan and Trust Companies.........
7,410,899 07
5,107,444,382 27
0 .7
Central States:
III.
East North Central.
21,451,751
-
1.
Chicago...............
14,864,498
2
605,038,656 95
11.85
2.
Cincinnati..........
1,347,123
10
Total Resouices, All Banks. . . $24,910,743,171 24 $3,077,123,441 40
12.35
(II)
3.
W IT H CHANGE FROM
1,101,007
12
D etroit................
1,087,893
14
5.
M ilwaukee.........
712,965
18
6.
BANK CLEARINGS IN TEN PRINCIPAL CITIES
In Y ear E nding S ep tem b er 30, 1912
Cleveland...........
4.
Indianapolis
433,698
27
1907
T otal.
Total Clearings,
1912
Per
Cent Change from 1907
of U.S.
IV.
West North Central.
$19,547,184
10,657,545
(HI)
1.
St. Louie;.............
3,978,870
5
+ 9 .1
2.
Kansas C ity .. . .
2,630,704
7
St. Joseph...........
377,712
32
$168,506,362,000
Dnited States...................
+$14,029,531,463
Per
Cent
Change
100.0
+1,356,879,762
+ 1 .4
3.
+2,598,574,593
+ 21.2
4.
M inneapolis.. . .
1,109,627
11
St. Paul...............
558,153
23
Omaha..................
817,300
17
1.
New Y ork.............
96,672,301,000
57.4
2.
Chicago..................
14,864,498,000
8 .8
3.
B oston ....................
8,865,807,000
5 .3
+316,984,773
+ 3 .7
5.
4.
Philadelphia.........
7,878,577,000
4 .7
+717,516,560
+ 10.0
6.
5.
St. L ouis................
3,978,870,000
2 .4
+798,271,898
+ 2 5 .1
6.
Kansas C ity .........
2,687,970,000
1 .6
+1,024,951,061
+ 6 3 .8
7.
San Francisco. . . .
2,630,704,000
1 .5
+301,623,938
+ 1 3 .0
8.
Pittsburgh.............
2,621,035,000
1 .5
— 73,471,799
T o ta l.
VI.
19,472,366
East South C entral.
1,966,357
(VIII)
— 2 .7
1.
Louisville...........
707,977
19
2.
M em phis............
403,696
30
9.
Baltim ore...............
1,893,003,000
1.1
+393,608,478
+ 2 6 .3
10.
C incinnati.............
1,347,123,000
0 .8
— 52,647,100
— 3 .8
Total.
VII.
$1,111,673
C
it ie s
and
C
en su s
sta ted
D
iv is io n s
in
Total
Clearings
15
H ouston.............
Galveston...........
507,613
25
4.
Rank
(VII)
,031,673
2.
th o u sa n d s)
,200,385
New Orleans. . .
3
(v a l u e s
W est South C ential.
1.
BANK CLEARINGS, 1912, IN 34 CITIES
All E xceeding $350,000,000 in th e Year
Fort W orth. . . .
351,164
34
16
T otal.............................
$168,506,362
,786,115
T otal Central States.
United States......................
$37 ,276,038
Atlantic States:
I.
New E ngland. . . .
10,251,821
(IV)
V III.
M ountain S ta te s...
1 ,055,075
(IX)
1.
B oston........
8,865,807
3
1.
D enver..............
455,769
26
2.
Providence.
426,301
28
2.
Salt Lake C ity .
373,560
33
T o ta l.. . .
II.
$9,292,108
T otal.............
$829,329
109,292,489
(I)
5,860,488
(V)
96,672,301
1
1.
Seattle.............
584,350
22
554,195
24
2.
Portland, Ore.
585,726
21
Philadelphia
7,878,577
4
3.
San Francisco.
2;621,035
8
Pittsburgh. .
2,687,970
4.
Los Angeles. .
1,093,540
13
T o ta l.............
$107,793,043
Middle Atlantic . .
1.
New Y ork. .
2.
Buffalo. . . .
3.
4.
IX.
Pacific States. . . .
Total.
(10)
$4,884,651
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BANKING POWER, ETC., OF NATIONAL BANKS, 1912, IN SEVEN PRINCIPAL CITIES
'
New York
Chicago
Philadelphia
Boston
Pittsburgh
43
10
32
20
24
(1)
Number of banks..................................
(2)
(3)
St. Louis
(5)
(4)
Baltimore
(6)
(7)
8
17
C apital.....................................................
$120,452,000
$43,600,000
$22,055,000
$24,950,000
$28,700,000
$20,400,000
$12,290,710
Surplus, e tc .............................................
169,432,925
31,640,828
43,097,444
35,113,458
30,468,424
16,500,379
10,178,314
Deposits...................................................
826,619,519
219,453,781
192,956,638
202,797,994
126,356,073
69,432,003
45,435,905
Circulation..............................................
49,136,913
13,626,493
15,547,925
8,662,232
16,791,132
16,890,385
8,106,856
$1,165,641,357 $308,321,102 $273,657,007 $271,523,684 $202,315,629 $123,222,767
$76,011,785
Banking power.......................................
5,078,976
Population * ...........................................
2,262,758
1,600,000
707,400
600,000
750,000
558,485
$229 50
$136 26
$171 04
$383 83
$337 19
$164 30
$136 10
Banking power..................................
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Banking power, per capita.............
3
6
4
1
2
5
7
Banking power, per capita.................
Rank as to:
* Estim ated population as of January 1, 1913.
LAWFUL MONEY RESERVE OF NATIONAL BANKS
On J u n e 14, 1912
(v a l u e s
ex pr essed
N et
Deposits
Subject to
Reserve
Require
ments
1
in
CONDITION OF ALL BANKING INSTITUTIONS
On J u n e 14, 1912
th o u san ds)
In Six P rincipal C ities
(v a l u e s
Cash on
Hand, Due
from
P er C ents
Reserve
Agents
and in
Redemp
tion Funds 2 to 1
1 to
2 to
2
U. S.
U. S.
C
Number
it ie s
stated
Capital
th o u san ds)
in
Surplus
and
Undivided
Profits
Total
Resources
1. New York. . . .
1.
New Y ork..........................
$1,213,576
$323,923
26.69
17.21
18.42
2.
Chicago..............................
390,2b5
97,730
25.04
5.54
St. Louis............................
121,920
30,337
24.88
1.73
1.72
3 C ities..........................
$1,725,761
$451,990
26.19
24.48
25.70
$3,094,501.2
$4,728,536.4
71
88,375.0
68,158.9
679,243.8
1,182,969.2
3. Philadelphia...
104
67,426.5
128,432.4
594,996.2
979,348.9
60
40,100.0
80,606.1
650,554.0
893,772.0
5. San Francisco.
47
45,968.3
36,720.4
310,509.7
492,154.1
6 . St. L ouis..........
44
41,700.0
43,985.1
207,652.1
422,502.7
5.56
3.
168
2. Chicago............
Central Reserve Cities:
$195,216.7 $448,112.4
Deposits
Other Reserve Cities:
23,080
6,284
27.23
0.33
0 .3 6
6.
Philadelphia......................
292,203
78,321
26.80
4 .1 5
4.4 5
7.
Pittsburgh.........................
187,237
47,149
25.18
2.66
2 .6 8
8.
Baltim ore..........................
62,390
16,459
26.38
0.88
0.94
50 Reserve C ities........................
3,659,543
995,881
27.21
51.91
56.63
New England S ta tes..................
328,428
72,405
22.05
4 .66
(Reserve City) B oston..............
249,659
73,602
29.48
T otal New E ngland. .
$578,087
$146,007
25.26
$7,050,135 $1,758,599
24.94
1.
37
37
33
30
31
—
168
4 .1 2
2.
10
41
—
20
—
—
71
3.54
4 .1 8
3. Philadelphia.........................
32
6
-
59
7
—
104
4. B oston ...................................
United S ta tes...............................
Total
Number
Brooklyn............................
C lasses of B an k in g In s titu tio n s
4.19
5.
Other
Banks
3.54
Mutual
Savings
Banks
29.48
Loan
and Trust
Companies
73,602
Private
Banks
249,659
State
Banks
B oston................................
National
Banks
4.
20
20
—
60
8.30
—
20
8.20
5. San Francisco......................
9
?
?
?
?
38
47
6.
8
?
?
?
?
36
44
100.00
100.00
C
(11)
it ie s
.
-
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AVERAGE BANK CLEARINGS IN BOSTON, 1883-1912
By Five=Year and Ten=Year Periods
F
iv e -
1883-1887.
Y
ear
P
e r io d s
T
$3,745,035,828
en
-Y
ear
P
PERCENTAGE RELATION OF BOSTON
M a ssa ch u setts, New E ngland and th e U nited S ta tes
e r io d s .
1883-1892.............
$4,281,474,257
1888-1892.
4,817,912,686
1893-1902.............
5,589,334.242
1893-1897.
4,615,479,926
1903-1912.............
7,891,421,024
1898-1902.
1908-1912.
8,283,971,452
h ir t y
-Y
ear
P
e r io d
1883-1912.
Per Cent of
Per Cent of
New England United States
.
55,920,743,174
Boston is and always has been the metropolis and business capital
of New England. The following statement shows the relation of
Boston as regards certain important interests:
—
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
7.1
12.8
13.5
8 .3
_
100.0
100.0
16.6
12.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
6 .9
9 .6
4 .9
-
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.1
4 .3
6 .6
6.1
-
100.0
9.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
51.4
57.3
58.0
56.2
3 .7
7 .3
7 .8
4 .6
100.0
100.0
53.1
55.8
8 .8
7 .2
Foreign Commerce:
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
7,498,870,596
T
N ew E ngland ;
Population.......................
Urban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
Wage earners..............
Value of p rod u cts... .
6,562,788,558
1903-1907.
Per Cent of
Massachusetts
100.0
100.0
100.0
75.0
81.9
64.9
5 .2
7 .9
3 .2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
71.1
94.8
66.3
90.7
4 .3
4 .1
4 .4
5 5
100.0
61.7
5 6
19.9
21.5
23 .0
30 .5
10.2
12.3
13.3
17.1
0 .7
1.6
1.8
1 .4
11.9
15.9
6 .3
8 .9
1.1
1.2
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
Exports.....................
99.5
99.3
99 .9
74.7
81.3
64.9
5 .2
7 .8
3 .2
Steamship Passengers:
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
Aliens........................
Bank clearings................
Banking power—nation
al banks................
98.6
99 .9
98.2
95.4
70.0
94.7
65.1
86.5
4 .3
4.1
4 .3
5 .3
56.2
34.7
3 .2
Manufactures:
Wage earners..............
Value of prod u cts.. . .
—
Foreign Commerce:
T h e R elation of B oston to New England
Per Cent of
New England
Year
Boston
Population....................................1910
670,585
10.2
Urban........................................1910
Cities of 100,000.....................1910
670,585
670,585
12.2
41.7
Foreign born............................1910
243,365
13.3
W ealth...................................
Real estate.......................
1904
1904
M anuf actures......................
1909
Steamship Passengers:
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S. citizens...........
A lien s.......................
Bank clearings.................
Banking power—nation
al banks...............
1909
Value of products...........
1,512.0 millions
1,143.7
“
237.5 millions
17.1
20 .8
8 .9
M assachusetts:
Population.......................
Urban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
Foreign commerce.............. ........ 1912
Total trade...................... ........ 1912
Im ports................................. 1912
Exports......................... ........ 1912
199.0 millions
74.7
129.3
69 .7
81.3
64.9
“
“
Total tonnage..................
1912
4 .8 millions
1912
2 .9
“
74.1
Cleared.........................
1912
1 .9
“
65.0
Duties collected..............
1912
Steamship passengers.........
U. S. citizens...................
1912
1912
114,824
25,733
70.0
94.7
A liens................................
1912
89,091
65.1
1912
8,865.8 millions
86.5
Bank clearings.....................
Banking power of national
banks.................................
1912
23 .2 millions
271.5
“
83.9
-
Steamship Passengers:
34.7
Among the chief cities of the Union, Boston ranks fifth in popula
tion and eighth in manufactures but is first in per capita assessed
valuation, and in per capita banking power. The value of its foreign
commerce gives it fourth place, but in imports it is second only to
New York. In the amount of its bank clearings it is surpassed by
New York and Chicago only.
Banking power, as defined by the U. S. Comptroller of the Cur
rency, equals the sum of capital, surplus and other profits, deposits
and circulation of all reporting banks. Accordingly the banking
power of all National banks in Boston, as shown by the report of
the Comptroller of the Currency, for June 14, 1912, amounted to
$271,424,000.
But as regards the per capita average of banking power, on that
date, Boston stands first among the financial centres of the country,
with $383.69, and Pittsburg next with $337.19, and New York
third, with $280.35.
Among reserve cities, Boston ranked fourth in 1912, in respect
to net deposits held by National banks, subject to reserve require
ments, its net deposits being $249,659,000; Philadelphia, with
$292,203,000, standing third, Chicago second, with $390,265,000,
and New York first, with $1,213,576,000.
In point of bank clearings, Boston is firmly intrenched in third
place, Chicago being second, Philadelphia fourth, and St. Louis
fifth. In the year ending September 30, 1912, clearing-house
exchanges in Boston amounted to $8,865,807,000, or 5.3 per cent
of the United States and 86.5 of the bank clearings in New England.
Similarly, clearings in Chicago were 8.8 per cent of the United States,
in Philadelphia 4.7 and in St. Louis 2.4, against 57.4 in New York.
The bank clearings of New England in 1912 were $10,251,821,000,
or 6.1 per cent of the total for the United States.
_
Manufactures:
70.3
Entered.........................
Total trade..................
Im ports....................
E xports.....................
(12)
Total admitted and
departed...............
U. S, citizens...........
Aliens........................
Bank clearings................
Banking power—nation
al banks...............
B oston :
Population.......................
Urban............................
Foreign-born...............
W ealth..............................
Manufactures:
Wage earners...............
Value of p rod u cts.. . .
Foreign Commerce:
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
A nnual R ep o rts o f th e S ta t is t ic s D ep a r tm en t, 189 7 to 1912 In c lu siv e .
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Boston: Municipal Printing Office.
S p ecial P u b lic a tio n s N o. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out o f p rin t.]
Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 2 . Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years.
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Sp ecial P u b lica tio n s N o. 4 . Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
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cents']
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Address:
Edw ard
M. H a r t w e l l , Secreta ry, Statistics Department, 73, City Hall, Boston, Mass.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
BOSTON
STATISTICS
DEPARTMENT
TH E GROW TH OF BOSTON
IN
POPULATION, AREA, ETC.
BY
D
r
.
EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Department
R e p r in t e d , w it h
A d d it io n s , f r o m
B u l l e t in
of
C IT Y
P R IN T IN G
the
OF
St a t is t ic s
D epartm ent, V ol.
BOSTON
DEPARTM ENT
1911
X II., Nos. 4-6, 1910.]
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
BOSTON
STATISTICS
DEPARTMENT
TH E GROW TH OF BOSTON
IN
POPULATION, AREA, ETC.
BY
D
r
.
EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Department
(R e p r in t e d , w i t h
A d d it io n s , f r o m
B u l l e t in
of
CITY
P R IN T IN G
the
OF
St a t is t ic s
D epartm ent, V ol.
BOSTON
DEPARTM ENT
1911
X II., Nos. 4-6, 1910.]
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
THE GROWTH OF BOSTON IN POPULATION, AREA, ETC.
BY
DR.
EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL,
SECRETARY
Probably no American city has had its inhabitants more fre
quently enumerated than Boston. It appears that the population
of Boston has been officially enumerated no less than thirty-two
times in the period 1722-1910, inclusive. Four censuses of Boston
were made by the authorities of the Town, namely, in 1722, 1742,
1752, and 1789. Censuses by order of the Provincial authorities
were made in 1775 and 1776; and ten State Censuses have been
taken, viz., in 1781, 1784, 1837, 1840, and six decennial censuses in
the period 1855-1905. The decennial Federal Census has been
taken thirteen times in the period 1790-1910. Special censuses by
the City Government were made in 1825, 1835, and 1845.
The Town Census of 1742 was taken by wards, but the Federal
Census did not show the population by wards until the Third
Census in 1810. The City Census of 1845 was under the charge
of a Joint Committee of five members, appointed by the City Coun
cil. The report of the committee, published in 1846, was a
remarkably valuable document, owing to the fact that it was
prepared by Mr. Lemuel Shattuck, whom the Committee had
engaged to supervise the taking of the Census. Mr. Shattuck,
who was a member of the Common Council for the five years
1837-1841, inclusive, had made a remarkable record in devising
methods and securing measures for improving both the registra
tion records of the City and the State and the printed documents
of the City. He devised the plan for preparing and printing the
Documents of the City of Boston, which w
ras put into effect in
1838, and secured the passage of an order for exchanging docu
ments with other cities, for the purpose of building up a City
library. Thanks to his initiative, the office of City Registrar was
established in 1849, and the first Municipal Register was prepared
by him in 1841.
The City Census of 1845 was taken in accordance with new and
improved methods introduced by Mr. Shattuck, and was con
fessedly so superior to any previous Census that Mr. Shattuck’s
advice and assistance were sought by the United States Census
Board in 1849 in preparing the schedules for the Seventh Census of
1850. Five of the six schedules used in the Federal Census of
1850, with the accompanying instructions, were designed and pre
pared principally by Mr. Shattuck. In certain important respects
Boston showed the State and the United States how to take a
census.
There is no evidence that the population of Boston was fully
enumerated before 1722, although a list (incomplete) of the
inhabitants of Boston in 1695, numbering 1,361, is still extant.
Various estimates of its population prior to that date, have been
made, e. g., 4,500 for 1680, 6,700 for 1700, and 9,000 for 1710.
The first Town Census, in 1722, was taken to determine the
ravages of smallpox. The returns showed 10,567 survivors,—
4,549 north and 6,018 south of Mill Creek, i. e., of the present
Blackstone street.
The settlers of Massachusetts Bay in 1630 exceeded in number
any body of immigrants that had hitherto landed in America;
and Boston for more than a century was the most populous town
in the American Colonies. The Town Census of Boston, taken by
the Assessors and Collectors in 1742, returned 16,382 “ souls,”
which was the maximum enumerated population for the town up
to 1790, when the First Federal Census returned a population of
18,038 within the town, and 282 on the islands in the harbor. The
Census taken by order of General Gage, in 17-75, found only 6,573
inhabitants, and the Provincial Census in 1776 returned only 2,719.
In 1760 Philadelphia, with 18,756 inhabitants, took precedence
of Boston in respect to population. In 1770 Boston yielded
second place to New York, with 21,000 inhabitants against
Boston’s 15,520. New York remained second to Philadelphia
until the Census of 1810 gave it first place, which it has since
retained.
OF
S T A T IS T IC S
DEPARTM ENT.
In 1790 the four most populous places in the United States
were Philadelphia, with 42,444 inhabitants; New York, with
33,131; Boston, with 18,320, and Charleston, S. C., with 16,359.
Baltimore came next with 13,503, and then Salem, Mass., with
7,921.
Boston dropped to fourth place in 1800, which it held till
1870, except in 1850, when it was third. In 1870 Boston ranked
sixth among the great cities as regards population. In 1880 it
held fourth place, St. Louis having fifth place. In 1890, as in
1900 and 1910, Boston was fifth and St. Louis fourth.
The population of the whole United States increased from 3.9
millions in 1790 to 76.3 millions in 1900 — or 1856.4 per cent.
But the territory of the United States, leaving Alaska, etc., out
of account, increased more than fourfold in the interval.
The United States Census classes as urban all places having a
population of 8,000 or upwards. There were but six such places
in the country in 1790, with an aggregate population of 131,396,
or 3.3 per cent, of the total population in the area enumerated.
The aggregate urban population found within that area in 1900
was 14.7 millions or 41.7 per cent, of the total population within
the territory enumerated in 1790; while for the whole country
the urban population amounted to 24.9 millions or 32.9 per
cent.
Of the total urban population of the country in 1790 one-fifth
were found in New England, i. e., in two Massachusetts towns,
viz., Boston and Salem. By 1900 the urban population of Massa
chusetts had increased to 2.1 millions in 56 towns and cities,
and amounted to more than twice the total population of New
England in 1790. The urban population of Massachusetts, which
amounted to 6.8 per cent, of its total population in 1790, in 1900
constituted 76 per cent, of the whole.
The urban population of New England, outside of Massachu
setts, was nil in 1790; by 1900 it had increased to 1.2 millions
while in Massachusetts the urban population had increased from
.018 to 2.1 millions. Of the 3.307 millions increase in all New
England 2.082 or 62.9 per cent, were gained by Massachusetts.
The urban population of New England grew from 2.4 per cent,
in 1790 to 59.5 per cent, in 1900.
The area of New England is substantially what it was in 1790,
and the same is true of Massachusetts, as the population of
Maine, which became a separate State in 1820, was enumerated
by itself in 1790. But Boston’ s territory since 1790 has increased
from 3,019 acres of land to 24,743 acres in 1910, or 715.3 per
cent.
The population of Boston, in the area enumerated in 1790,
increased from 18,038 in that year to 172,473 in 1905, or over nine
fold; while the population within the area included in the Boston
of to-day increased from 24,300 in 1790 to 595,380 in 1905, or
twenty-four fold, and to 670,585 in 1910, or twenty-seven
fold.
The story of Boston’s growth in territory is a remarkable one.
When the Puritans, under John Winthrop, came to Massachusetts
in June, 1630, they repaired to Charlestown, intending to make
their principal settlement there. On the site of Boston Proper
or Boston within the Neck, as it was called later, dwelt a lone
Englishman, who invited Winthrop and his followers to share his
peninsula of some 783 acres with him. For the sake of getting
better water and more room than could be had in the Charlestown
peninsula, Blackstone’s offer was accepted, and the peninsula,
hitherto known as Shawmut, was promptly named Boston by the
Court of Assistants on September 17, 1630. Meanwhile, Roxbury
and Dorchester had been occupied by other settlers, cutting off*
Boston from expansion on the south.
Within Boston’ s narrow limits the pressure of increasing popu
lation was felt almost immediately, the Common lands within the
(1)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
The area enumerated in 1790 in Boston amounted to 2,218
Neck being inadequate to tne needs of the settlers for agricultural
acres of land, excluding the islands in the harbor, which had
lands in addition to their house lots. Accordingly the General
800.5 acres more. Of those 2,218 acres Boston Proper contained
Court made generous grants of noncontiguous land to Boston for
783 acres, with 18,038 inhabitants, or 98.4 per cent, of the whole
its “ enlargement,” so that Boston might have sufficient pasture,
population. In 1905, Boston Proper, with an area of 1,876 acres
woodland and arable land to allot to its inhabitants. Between
1630 and 1638, the territory granted to Boston for its enlargement
of land, had 172,473 inhabitants, or 28.9 per cent, of the total
population of the city. In other words, Boston Proper, in the
amounted to some 43,306 acres. It included, besides Noddle’s and
period 1790-1905, increased 1,093 acres, or 139.5 per cent, in area,
Breed’s islands (East Boston) and several islands in the harbor,
Muddy River (Brookline), all the territory now included in Chel mostly through the filling in of coves and the extension of the
water front, and increased 154,335, or 855.5 per cent., in the
sea, Winthrop and Revere, and a great tract near the Blue Hill,
number of its inhabitants.
which was set off as the town of Braintree in 1640. The original
In 1790 Boston’s annexed territory, consisting of East Boston
town of Braintree comprised, besides the present town of that
name, the territory now occupied by Quincy, Randolph and
and Breed’ s Island, annexed in 1637, amounted to 1,435 acres, or
Holbrook.
64.7 per cent, of the entire territory. In the interval between
1804, when Dorchester Neck (South Boston) was annexed, and
Boston Proper, in 1640, before Braintree was set off, exercised
jurisdiction over nearly 44,000 acres of territory lying outside its
1874, when the last considerable annexations were made, viz.,
those of West Roxbury, Brighton and Charlestown, some 20,457
narrow peninsular borders. By 1790, Boston’ s territory was
acres were added directly by the annexation to the territory of
reduced to 3,019 acres of land (783 acres within the Neck, and
2,236 contained in the islands) by reason of the setting off of
Boston. In 1905 all annexed territory amounted to 22,737 acres,
Brookline, with about 4,352 acres in 1705, and of Chelsea, with
or 92.4 per cent, of all Boston, making a total increase in annexed
some 6,400 acres in 1739. Boston’ s present territory, although it
territory since 1790, by direct addition, the filling in of low lands
has increased more than sevenfold since 1790, is only about threeand the rectification of boundaries, of 21,302 acres, or 1484.4
fifths as great as the territory governed by the Town Meetings of
per cent.
Boston in 1639.
In both divisions of Boston, internal growth, through reclama
Other landed possessions of Boston were (1) three townships
tion, is still going on. Thus the land area of Boston Proper,
(embracing the territory of the present city of Pittsfield and the
between 1875 and 1910, increased 75 acres, or 2.4 acres more than
present towns of Charlemont and Colrain) covering 69,120 acres
the combined area of Boston Common and the Public Garden, and
in all, which were granted by the General Court in abatement of
the annexed territory increased 570 acres in the same period.
taxes in 1735, and sold by the Town in 1737 for £3,660; (2) a
The relative increase was 4.1 per cent, for Boston Proper and 2.6
township covering 23,040 acres in Maine, granted toward defray per cent, for the annexed territory. Evidently, reclaimed land is
ing the cost of a new hospital in 1794, and sold by the City in
worth more in the former than in the latter.
1833 for $4,200; and (3) 1,000 acres granted toward the support
The following tabular statement shows the number of acres
of the Free School in Boston in 1659, which disappeared from the
and inhabitants gained directly through annexation, to the area
map long ago — apparently without leaving any cash equivalent
enumerated in 1790, when Boston comprised 2,218 acres (783 in
in the treasury of the Town. It should be said that early in the
Boston Proper and 1,435 in territory annexed in 1637) and had
eighteenth century Boston sold a tract of some 2,000 acres of
18,320 inhabitants (18,038 in Boston Proper and 282 on annexed
common land in Braintree, and another tract of about 200 acres
territory).
in Brookline, which had remained in the possession of Boston
after these towns were set off.
Area and Population Annexed to Boston i 8 0 4 = i 8 7 5 .
In comparison with most of the large cities of the country,
Population
Boston contains but little annexed territory within its present
A rea
at Date of
Date o f
A n n ex ation
A n n ex ation
in A cres
D is t r i c t
limits. The land area of Boston on September 1, 1910, within the
South Boston:
ward lines, according to the corrected figures of Chief Surveyor
60
1804
587
Dorchester N eck. . . . . . .
Whitney of the Street Laying-Out Department, was 24,743 acres,
1,319
1855
208
Washington Village.......
or 38.7 square miles. The islands in the harbor are not included.
31,762
1868
2,450
Of the land area 1,904 acres, or 7.7 per cent., are found within
12,136
5,600
1870
Dorchester.........................
the limits of Boston Proper, or Boston within the Neck, as it
10,951
1874
8,075
West Roxbury....................
used to be called; and 22,839 acres, or 92.3 per cent., make up
5,868
2,664
1874
the annexed territory.
32,149
424
1874
Charlestown.......................
Of the ten most populous cities of the country in 1910, only
four were enumerated by the Census of 1790. In the period
94,245
.20,008
Totals.........................
1790-1910 the increase of population for those four cities was as
follows: For New York, 4,433,752, or 13,382.5 per cent.; Philadel
In 1875, just after the last annexations, the population of
phia 1,506,564, or 3549.8 per cent., Boston 652,265, or 3560.3 per
Boston was 341,919, viz., 140,669 in Boston Proper, with an area
cent.; and for Baltimore 439,972 or 3258.3 per cent. Notwithstand
of 1,829 acres; and 201,250 in annexed territory, with 21,169 acres.
ing the fact that the annexed territory of New York is about ten
In 1905 the population of Boston was 595,380, viz., 172,473 in
times, and that of Philadelphia nearly four times, as great as
Boston Proper, and 422,907 in the annexed territory. In the
Boston’ s, Boston’s per cent, of increase in population in 120 years
period 1875-1905, the inhabitants of Boston Proper increased
comes next to that of New York.
31,804, or 35.8 per cent., and the inhabitants of the annexed
The returns of this year’s census do not enable one to compare
territory increased 221,657, or 110.1 per cent. That is to say, the
the increase in population of the cities mentioned, within the
areas enumerated in 1790, but it has been shown that the popu relative increase of population was more than three times as
lation of Boston, within the original area of 1790, increased nine great in the annexed territory as in Boston Proper. Of the total
absolute increase in the population of Boston in the period 1875fold up to 1900, against a similar increase of sevenfold for New
1905, viz., 253,461, the increase in the annexed territory amounted
York, fourfold for Philadelphia, and a little more than twofold
to 87.5 per cent, against 12.5 per cent, of increase in Boston
for Baltimore.
It is also noteworthy that in 1900 a much larger proportion of . Proper.
In the century 1790-1890 the population of present Boston
the inhabitants of Boston resided within the area enumerated in
increased 424,177, of which 143,292, or 33.8 per cent., was in
.1790 than in any of the other cities. The census of 1900 found
Boston Proper.
30 per cent of the population of Boston within that area, against
In the half century 1790-1840 the population of Boston in
18 per cent, in Philadelphia, less than 7 per cent, in New York,
creased 94,300, of which 71.5 per cent, was in Boston Proper;
and less than 6 per cent, in Baltimore.
(2)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
but in the half century 1840-1890, when the total increase
amounted to 329,877, only 23 per cent, of it occurred in Boston
Proper.
In the decade 1890-1900, only 5.3 per cent, of the total increase
in the population of Boston occurred in Boston Proper. Indeed,
in the half decade 1890-1895 the population of that district
decreased 981; but for the five years, 1900-1905 the district
showed an increase of 5,216, making Boston Proper’s share of the
total increase 15.1 per cent, as against 5.3 per cent, in the decade
1890-1900. This transformation of Boston Proper from a losing
to a gaining district is remarkable, and is probably to be
accounted for partly by the increased number of apartment
houses and hotels erected within the district in recent years.
Attempts to predict what the population of a city will be in
advance of the actual enumeration lead to decidedly puzzling
results. But estimates of population are still put forth with
much solemnity pending the preparation of census returns.
According to dispatches from Washington, the Director o f the
Census gave out on September 1 a statement in which the popula
tion of Boston for April 15,1910, was estimated at 629,868. “ This
estimate” it was said, “ takes into account births, deaths, im
migration and other elements entering into the fluctuation of
population.” In fact, the estimate, which undershot the mark
by 40,717, was arrived at by simply adding 34,488, to the popu
lation enumerated as of May 1, 1905, viz., 595,380,— the figures
34,488 being just the observed increase of population between
June 1, 1900, and May 1, 1905. The estimate paid no regard to
the fact that the interval between the Federal Census of 1900 and
the Massachusetts Census of 1905 was 4 years and 11 months,
and the interval between the Census of 1905 and the Federal
Census of 1910 was 4 years 11| months. As the Director
remarked, “ This method of calculating increase of population is
not infallible.” The truth is that the growth of population in
this country is and always has been so irregular that certainty
cannot attach to simple arithmetical estimates of increase in
population for the Union, for any State, or any city in any
State. One result of this condition of things is that per capita
averages relating to deaths, births, governmental receipts and
expenditures for post-censal years have very little value.
The following tabular statement may serve to illustrate the
diversity of estimates of population at a given date according to
the basis taken. The assumption in each case is that the increase
in a given century, decade, or other interval of time will be iden
tical in the inter-censal period involved in the estimate:
Estimates of Population of Boston on April 15, 1910.
B ased
on
A c tu a l I ncrease
P eriod
1800-1900 (1200 months)
....
1850-1900 (600 months)
1875-1900 (301 months) . . . . . . . .
1890-1900 (120 months)
,. ,,
1900-1905 (59 m onths)....... . . . .
in
S e l e c t e d P e r io d s .
Average
increase
per Month
Estimated
Population
440
631
613,032
728
937
647,160
671,927
585
630,188
635,666
Difference
from
Estimated
Population
observed average monthly increase of 1,263, for the period 19051910 will continue, then the estimated population for May 1,1915,
will be 745,897.
Analysis of the actual increase in the population of Boston
shows that its rate of growth has been very irregular and fluctu
ating. Sinoe 1800 the percentage o f increase has rarely been even
approximately the same in any two successive decades, in Boston
Proper or in present Boston, and the same is true as regards the
relative increase by half decades. The fluctuations in the per
cent, of increase by half decades in the population within the
limits of the city when the census was taken may be seen at a
glance on inspection of the following table, which shows the per
cent, of increase in population from 1820-1910, i. e., ever since
the city began to have a census every five years:
Per Cent, of Increase of Population in Boston.
By H a l f De c a d e s .
1820-25................ .............
1825-30................ .............
1830-35................ .........
1835-40................ .............
34.6
*1870-75................ .........
1875-80................ .........
1880-85................ .........
1885-90................ .........
36.5
6.1
7.6
1840-45................ ............
5.3
28.0
8.1
34.5
.............
1850-55................ .............
1855-60................ .............
19.7
17.3
10.8
1895-1900............. .........
1900-05................ .........
12.9
.............
8.1
A glance at the foregoing table shows that the estimate based
on the increase for the decade 1890-1900 was muoh the closest,
and leads to the conclusion that the growth of population in that
decade was more uniform than during either o f the longer inter
vals; and, that under present conditions, the increase for ten
years is preferable to the increase in five years as a basis of
estimate. So that on the whole it would be safer to estimate the
population on May 1, 1915, on the assumed increase of 926 per
month, which was the average increase between the censuses of
1900 and 1910, than upon the average monthly increase of 585 in
the inter-censal period 1900-1905 or 1,263, the average increase per
month between the censuses of 1905 and 1910.
Assuming that the decennial increase of 926 per month will con
tinue, the figure for the estimated population of Boston at the
Census of 1915, will be 726,608. But if it be assumed that the
http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/
(3)
Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis
6.1
1905-10................
* Large annexations were made in these periods.
That Boston is not singular by reason of the irregularity of its
growth is shown by the following tables. A shows by decades
for the last sixty years the percentage increase of population in
New England, Massachusetts, and Boston within its present
limits, and B shows the same by half decades since 1875 for
present Boston, the rest of the State, and the Metropolitan
District outside of Boston, but within ten miles of the State
Souse:
A.
Per Cent, of Increase of Population, 1850-1910.
New
England
Massachusetta
Present
Boston
1850-60 .......................................... ..... 14.9
1860-70................................................. 11.3
24.3
18.4
1870-80................................................. 15.0
22.4
24.1
1880-90................................................. 17.2
1890-1900........................................ ..... 19.0
1900-1,910........................................ ..... 17.18
25.6
25.4
20.0
23.6
25.1
19.6
B.
35.3
18.3
Per Cent, of Increase of Population, 1875-1910.
— 57,553
— 34,919
— 23,425
+ 1,342
— 40,397
14.9
Present
Boston
1875-80....................
1880-85........................ ................
1 8 8 5 -9 0 ...,.................. ..................
1890-95......................... ................
1895-1900........................................
1900-05.........................
1905-10......................... ..................
Massachu Metropoli
setts
tan District
(Outside
(Outside
Boston)
Boston)
8.4
7.6
14.9
10.8
9.3
15.4
8.5
11.5
19.2
12.9
12.0
15.2
14.2
12.6
7.3
11.9
8.7
12.1
11.9
The cardinal fact regarding the growth of American cities is
that most of the increase observed from census to census results
from the influx of immigrants, who are mostly of foreign birth.
Hence fluctuations in the tide of foreign immigration are reflected
in the relative growth of the cities and the country, whether
such fluctuations result from oppression or from economic
causes in foreign countries or from booms and panics within
our own borders. Of the native born population of Boston in
1905, barely two-thirds were bom in Boston, while 35 per cent,
of the total population were born outside the United States.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
AREA OF BOSTON IN ACRES, 1910.
E signifies estim ated population.
I.
II.
Boston Proper.........
Annexed Territory:
783 1,121
650
110
Breed’ s Island. ..
785
South Boston...
Roxbury..............
795
785
—
538 1,333
322 2,772
9 5,609
— 8,075
Dorchester..........
2,450
5,600
West R oxbu ry...
Brighton..............
8,075
2,664
Charlestown.......
424
_
400
760
200
21
36
123
586
121
93
43
92
45
—
—
88
840
94
149
Totals, 11......... 21,443 1,396 22,839 1,546
783 1,121 1,904
Totals, I ...........
—
Totals for City, 22,226 2,517 24,743
Boston
Proper
378,556
422,845
18,038
24,655
1810.................................. ..........1,471,973
1820.................................. ..........1,660,071
472,040
523,287
32,896
E 41,714
1830.................................. ..........1,954,717
1840.................................. ..........2,234,822
1850.................................. ..........2,728,116
610,408
737,699
994,514
E 58,272
85,475
113,721
1860.................................. ..........3,135,283
1870.................................. ..........3,487,924
1880.................................. ..........4,010,529
1,231,066
1,457,351
1,783,085
133,563
138,781
147,075
1890.................................. ..........4,700,749
1900.................................. ..........5,592,017
1910.................................. ..........6,552,745
2,238,947
2,805,346
3,366,416
161,330
167,257
193.,274
I!.
Increase.
223,805
238,962
188,098
294,646
280,105
44,289
49,195
51,247
87,121
127,291
6,617
8,241
8,818
16,558
27,203
50 Years’ Increase.......
1,225,616
359,143
67,437
1840-1850.........................
493,294
256,815
1850-1860.........................
1860-1870.........................
1870-1880.........................
407,167
236,552
28,246
19,842
352,641
522,605
690,220
226,285
325,734
455,862
14,255
100 Years’ Increase.......
2,465,927
3,691,543
1,501,248
1,860,391
143,292
1890-1900.........................
1900-1910.........................
891,268
960,728
566,399
1790-1800
1800-1810
1810-1820
1820-1830
1830-1840
2,012
530
N ew E n gland Massachusetts
1790.................................. ..........1,009,206
1800.................................. ..........1,233,011
996
929
1 2,665
416
Ce n s u s Y e a r
2,304
1,904
East Boston.........
GROWTH OF POPULATION
In New England, M assachusetts and Boston Proper,
1790=1910, by Decades.
I. Population.
T otal A r e a
t W a rd
o
L ines
Flats
Total Land
Filled
Or ig in a l
L and
D is t r i c t
W ater
The following table shows the growth of population, by
decades, from 1790 to 1910, of the areas enumerated in 1790,
for New England, Massachusetts and Boston:
Land
The following tables show for Boston Proper and the Annexed
Territory: (1) distribution of original land, reclaimed land, flats
and water within the ward lines in 1910; and (2) the growth of
the land area of Boston 1875-1910. The tables have been com
piled from data furnished by the Surveying Division of the Street
Laying-Out Department. No account is taken of the area of
detached islands in the harbor. It should be said that the areas
of original land are approximate, having been obtained from vari
ous maps by the use of a planimeter, as in many cases exact data
based upon surveys by triangulation cannot be had. Thus, the
area of original land in Boston Proper, viz., 783 acres, is a tra
ditional figure derived from a well-known map, made in 1795 by
Osgood Carleton. No extensive areas have been added to the
City since 1874, when West Roxbury, Brighton, and Charlestown
were annexed. The changes in area since 1875 have been owing
chiefly to the extension of the waterfront and the rectification
of boundaries between Boston and adjacent municipalities.
The original area of Boston Proper must have been less than
783 acres. No extensive filling-in operations were undertaken
prior to the filling-in of the West and North coves, begun respec
tively in 1803 and 1804. According to the Report of the Surveying
Department for 1893 (see City Document No. 36, 1894, p. 19), the
reclaimed land in Boston Proper on January 1, 1894, was 946
acres, viz., at North Cove, 70 acres; West Cove, 8; South Cove,
186; Back Bay, 570; Great Cove, 112.
2,936
6,231
8,120
2,759
1,077
1880-1890.........................
50 Years’ Increase
675 25,060
400 2,304
1,546 1,075 >27,364
561,070
5,218
8,294
75,855
5,927
26,017
I.
Boston P ro p e r.......
II.
Annexed Territory:
East Boston.........
Breed’s Island . . .
South Boston ....
Roxbury..............
Cent o f Increase.
1,046
III 1910 Increase
1,121
75
650
90
110
20
785
795
—
2C7
250
—
538
322
—
331
72
14
9
*5
1
2,450
5,600
8,075
22.18
19.38
11.70
11.63
36.68
33.43
1810-1820
1,904
1820-1830
...........
...........
12.78
17.75
10.86
16.65
26.81
39.69
1830-1840
783
In 1875
...........
...........
...........
14.33
20.85
46.68
50 Years’ Increase.......
121.44
94.87
373.86
1840-1850.........................
34.81
1850-1860.........................
22.07
14.93
33.05
17.45
1860-1870.........................
11.25
1870-1880.........................
1880-1890.........................
14.98
17.21
50 Years’ Increase.......
100 Years’ Increase.......
110.34
760
785
1,333
2,772
5,609
8,075
2,665
Charlestown.......
2,664
424
—
—
162
416
—
1
254
Totals, I I .........
Totals, I ..........
21,443
783
723
1,046
1,396
1,121
673
75
22,839
1,904
Totals for City,
22,226
1,769
2,517
24,743
Per
1790-1800
1800-1810
G
O
I—
D orch ester.........
West Roxbury .. .
Brighton..............
III.
F il l e d L a n d
Total
Land
D i s t r ic t
Or ig in a l
L and
i
n 1875
LAND AREA OF BOSTON IN ACRES.
23.79
18.38
22.35
3.91
5.98
25.57
9.69
365.78
203.50
491.44
88.85
794.38
1890-1900.........................
18.96
25.30
3.67
1900-1910.........................
17.18
20.00
15.55
840
* D ecrease.
(4)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
II.
The following table affords a comparison of the growth of
population since 1875 of" Boston, and the State outside of Boston,
by decades:
1790-1800.........................
1800-1810.........................
St a t e , O u t s i d e
B oston
5,242
12,197
21,800
39,400
67,437
26,863
94,300
1840-1850.........................
St a t e
8,818
16,558
27,203
35,754
64,000
64,500
1875...........
341,919
1,309,993
1,651,912
1850-1860.........................
28,246
19,842
1880...........
1885...........
1890...........
1895...........
362,839
390,393
448,477
1,420,246
1,551,748
1,790,466
1,783,085
1,942,141
2,238,943
1860-1870.........................
1870-1880.................. • •
••
1880-1890.........................
5,218
8,294
14,255
496,920
560,892
2,003,263
2,244,454
2,500,183
2,805,346
595,380
670,585
2,408,300
3,003,680
2,695,831
3,366,416
1900...........
1605...........
1910...........
II.
110,253
131,502
58,084
1880-1885..
1885-1890..
44,658
40,184
45,402
70,337
62,043
71,383
85,638
50 Years’ Increase...
75,855
254,022
100Years’ Increase...
143,292
280,885
329,877
424,177
1890-1900.........................
1900-1910.........................
5,927
26,017
106,488
83,676
109,693
112,415
Increase.
20,920
27,554
1875-1880. .
8,900
12,000
12,200
3,759
3,382
1820-1830.........................
1830-1840.........................
.
Population.
Ce n s u s Y e a r
2,283
1810-1820.........................
i 8 7 5 = i 9 io
BY FIVE-YEAR PERIODS.
B oston
6,617
8,241
50 Years’ Increase ..
GROWTH OF POPULATION,
I.
Increase.
238,718
212,797
241,191
III.
Per Cent, of Increase.
36.68
36.46
33.43
43.99
27.49
1810-1820.........................
26.81
33.42
39.69
1820-1830.........................
26.99
37.98
1830-1840.........................
131,173
159,056
296,802
46.68
58.28
49.75
1790-1800.........................
1800-1810.........................
36.63
36.14
1890 1895. .
1895-1900..
63,972
1900-1905. .
1905-1910,.
34,488
75,205
163,846
261,240
305,163
198,334
287,531
362,736
50Years’ Increase...
373.86
428.98
388.07
328,666
1,385,838
1,714,504
1840-1850.........................
1850-1860.........................
33.05
107.94
17.45
64.84
53.96
35.32
1860-1870.........................
3.91
5.98
35.39
18.37
40.36
33.08
24.05
23.60
766.86
278.15
4,485.55
1,745.60
37.08
21.22
25.06
19.56
35 Years’ Increase.
III.
Per Cent, of Increase*
6.12
1875-1880..
1880-1885..
7.59
14.88
10.80
1885-1890..
1890-1895. .
12.87
6.15
1895-1900..
1900-1905..
1905-1910. .
12.63
96.12
35 Years’ Increase.
8.42
9.26
7.94
8.92
1870-1880.........................
1880-1890.........................
15.38
11.88
12.04
15.28
50 Y ears’ Increase...
11.67
12.21
100 Years'' Increase...
7.30
7.07
11.94
103.79
BY DECADES AND DISTRICTS.
Population.
proper
A nnexed
T e r r it o r y
1630-1874
1790..................................
18,038
E 6,262
1800..................................
1810..................................
1820..................................
24,655
32,896
E 41,714
E 8,545
E 12,304
E 15,686
1830..................................
1840.............. . ..................
E 58,272
85,475
1850..................................
1860..................................
113,721
133,563
1870..................................
1880..................................
1890..................................
138,781
147,075
161,330
1900..................................
1910..................................
167,257
193,274
15.55
The population of Boston increased from 390,393 on May 1, 1885,
to 670,585 on April 15, 1910, a gain of 280,192. Of that increase
113,599, or 40.54 per cent., was natural increase from the excess of
births over deaths in the twenty-five calendar years, 1885-1909
inclusive. The remaining increase, viz., 166,593, or59.46 per cent.,
must have been owing to immigration from foreign and domestic
sources.
The following analysis of the composition of the population of
Boston by place of birth in 1885 and 1905, which were census
years, shows that the proportion of the population born in Boston
rose from 38.47 per cent, in 1885 to 42.50 percent, in 1905.
GROWTH OF POPULATION IN BOSTON, 1790=1910,
Ce n s u s Y e a r
3 .'67
1900-1910.........................
The growth of population in Boston by districts and by
decades is shown in the next table.
I.
88.75
794.38
1890-1900.........................
12.07
105.78
9.69
P resent
B oston
ELEMENTS OF POPULATION, 1885 AND 1905
By Place o f Birth.
E 24,300
E 33,200
E 45,200
E 57,400
P l a c e o f B ir t h
1885
1905
150,177
Per Cent.
Increase Increase
255,439
Elsewhere in United States..
106,921
105,262
130,194 • 23,273
70.09
21.77
Total, Native Born................
Outside United States...........
257,098
133,295
385,633
209,747
128,535
76,452
49.99
57.35
Total Population..................
Natives of B oston .........
390,393
150,177
204,987
105,262
52.51
292,502
287,147
393,635
362,839
448,477
560,892
Immigrants:
Domestic......................
F oreign ........................
106,921
133,295
209,747
23,273
76,452
57.35
477,311
670,585
Total Immigrants...........
240,216
339,941
99,725
41.51
E 20,928
E 33,125
E 68,879
E 113,537
E 153,721
215,764
E 79,200
E 118,600
182,600
E 247,100
E signifies estim ated population.
(5)
595,380
255,439
130,194
79.09
21.77
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Percentage o f Total Population.
1885
1905
38.47
42.90
Natives of Boston...............
61.53
57.10
Immigrants.........................
27.39
21.87
Domestic.........................
34.14
35.23
Foreign.............................
64.77
65.86
Native Born.......................
Foreign Born......................
34.14
In view of the augmented rate of increase in the population of
Boston during the last five years, considerable importance
attaches to the fact that the per cent, of natural increase, viz.,
53.75, was 7.36 higher than in any half-decade since 1885, and was
12.23 above the average percentage of births to deaths for the
twenty-five years, 1885-1909, inclusive.
The following statement shows clearly that the percentage of
births to deaths by half-decades has notably risen, and is still
rising.
Difference
+ 4.43
— 4.43
— 5.52
+ 1.09
— 1.09
35.23
+ 1.09
From inspection of the foregoing table it appears tliat, whereas
in 1885 the natives of Boston numbered 150,177, equal to 38.47
per cent, of the total population, in 1905 they numbered 255,439,
or 42.90 per cent, of the population. In 1885 the proportion of
natives of Boston to all native-born inhabitants was 58.41 per cent.
In 1905 it had risen to 66.24 per cent. All of which goes to show
that the natural increase of population was notably augmented in
the twenty years under review.
The following table shows the number of births (living) and
deaths in Boston as returned by the Registry Department, by
years, for the period 1885-1909, together with the excess of births
over deaths.
Percentage o f Births to Deaths in Boston, 1885-1909,
Inclusive.
1885-1889, inclusive....... 124.44
1900-1904, inclusive........ 145.98
1890-1894
1895-1899
1885........................................
1886........................................
1887........................................
1888........................................
1889........................................
11,622
12,106
12,336
12,841
13,043
DEATHS
9,622
9,62510,077
10,200
10,259
2,000
2,481
61,948
49,783
13,395
10,180
1891........................................
1892........................................
14,491
15,234
15,80
15,585
10,573
11,243
11,713
Totals, 5 years..............
74,506
55,240
19,266
14,901
11,048
3,853
1895........................................
15,780
16,547
17,003
11,331
11,650
4,449
4,897
11,170
10,903
11,178
5,833
5,799
5,111
1896........................................
1897........................................
1898........................................
1899........................................
16,702
16,289
Totals, 5 years..............
82,321
56,232
26,089
Averages
16,464
11,246
5,218
16,468
11,671
11,306
11,002
10,654
4,704
5,051
1900........................................
1901........................................
1902........................................
1903........................................
1904........................................
16,010
16,053
16,042
16,284
Totals, 5 years..............
7.03
73,863
50,939 7.85
6.71
6.66
65,757 7.67
58,411 7.19
- 1908................
1909....... ..
85,583
57,303 7.32
61,197 8.14
Total, 5 years, 350,097
7.08
Inspection of the foregoing shows that the immigrants destined
to Massachusetts increased 93,727, or 36.56 per cent., in the period
1905-1909, as compared with the previous five years, despite the
diminished immigration in the years 1908 and 1909.
It is noteworthy, too, that in the last five years 94,188, or 26.90
per cent, of the 350,097 immigrants destined to Massachusetts,
were born in Russia, and 75,607, or 21.60 per cent, were born in
Italy, while only 38,139, or 10.89 per cent., were born in Ireland.
Especial interest attaches to the immigrants from Italy and
Russia (including Finland and Poland), not only because they
have contributed so considerably to swell the number of the
foreign-born population of Boston since 1885, and especially since
1895, but more particularly because they have proved to be the
most prolific of the principal groups in the immigrant population
of Boston.
The following statement indicates the rapid increase in Boston
in the number of persons born in Italy and Russia, according to
the censuses taken in the period 1885-1905:
4,088
4,054
A v e r a g e s .........................
72,151
1906................
1907................
Total, 5 years, 256,370 7.88
3,991
11,531
1905................
41,789 8.56
1904................
3,215
3,918
1893........................................
1894........................................
39,474 8.80
1903................
2,433
1890........................................
Per Cent.
o f all
N um ber Landed
Y ear
1902................
12,165
9,957
........ 153.75
Y ears.
1900................
1901................
2,784
12,390
P er Cent,
o f all
N um ber Landed
Y ear
2,259
2,641
Totals, 5 years..............
“
25
Immigrant Aliens G iving M assachusetts as Destination,
1900=1909.
EXCESS
B IR T H S
A v e r a g e s .........................
1905-1909
The next table shows, by years and half-decades, the number
of alien immigrants landing in the United States in the decade
1900-1909, who gave Massachusetts as their destination.
or
B IR T H S
....... 134.88
....... 146.39
1885-1909, inclusive....... 141.52
Births and Deaths for the Last 25 Years.
YEAR
“
“
4,797
10,757
55,390
25,467
Averages...........................
16,171
11,078
5,093
1905........................................
15,906
17,225
11,010
4,896
11,415
Census
5,388
5,527
80,857
Number of Persons in Boston Born in Italy and in Russia.
5,810
B orn in Italy
B orn in R ussia
Total
1885.........................
1906........................................
1907........................................
1908........................................
18,403
11,705
18,347
17,680
11,756
11,063
Totals, 5 years..............
87,561
’ 56,949
17,512
11,390
6,122
Averages, 25 y e a r s ........
15,488
10,944
4,544
4,222
5,259
13,565
9,977
21,455
1900.........................
30,612
A v e r a g e s.........................
1909........................................
1,844
4,718
7,890
13.738
18,550
32,288
1905.........................
6,698
6,591
6,617
2,378
1890.........................
20,324
27,257
47,581
20 Years’ Increase
17,946, or
25,413, or
43,359, or
755 per cent. 1,378 per cent. 1,027 per cent.
From inspection of the foregoing it appears: (1) that the inhab
itants of Boston who were born in Italy increased 12,434, or
157.59 per cent., in the decade 1895-1905, against an increase of
5,512, or 231.79 per cent., in the decade 1885-1895; and (2) that
(6)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
the number born in Russia increased 13,692, or 100.94 per cent.,
in the last decade, against 11,721, or 635.63 per cent., in the pre
vious decade.
The next table affords a comparison of the parentage of the
children born in Boston in the years 1900 and 1908, classified by
the place of birth of the fathers of those children.
Children Born in B oston, b y Birthplace o f Fathers
1900
Num ber
half-decades, and those relating to the business growth. Txie
closest parallelism, disclosed by the tables, appears to be between
the relative increase of population and of foreign commerce.
It must be admitted that satisfactory data cannot be had
whereby to enable one to determine and appraise all the factors
that influence the growth in the population of Boston. Still the
general statement seems to be warranted that the fluctuations in
that growth reflect the variations in the business prosperity of
the City and the region of which it is the metropolis.
1908
Per
Cent.
Num ber
FOREIGN TRADE OF BOSTON, 1885=1910.
For Fiscal Years Ending June 30.
Per
Cent.
IN M ILLIO N S OF D O L L A R S .
All Fathers ...............................
Born in B o s t o n ....................
16,351
2,804
100.00
17.00
18,347
3,177
100.00
17.32
Total Trade
Im ports
E x p orts
1885...........................................
115,446
5 8,448
62,000
134,079
152,394
62,877
66,889
71,202
85,505
States ..................
2,711
17.00
3,052
16.63
1890 ..........................................
1895...........................................
N ative B o r n ......................
5,515
34.00
6,229
33.95
1900............................................
184,391
72,196
112,195
1905............................................
1910............................................
188,122
199,523
100,318
129,006
87,804
70,517
“
I.
II.
elsewhere in United
10,142
3,439
62.00
21.00
11,314
2,511
61.67
13.69
1,816
1,350
1,322
11.00
8.24
8.24
1,631
2,553
2,685
8.89
13.92
14.63
tries ...........
2,215
13.52
1,934
10.54
Birthplace u n k n o w n ..
694
4.00
804
4.38
16,351
100.00
18,347
100.00
Foreign B o r n ..................
Born in I r e la n d .........
“
British P rov
inces ...........
“
“
“
III.
Russia.........
Italy ...........
other
Total Trade
1885 ............................... .
1890........................................
1895........................................
1900........................................
1905.............. ........................
1909 (4 years)........................
Increase 1885-1909...............
68,702
72,041
77,152
90,144
101,865
115,527
—
8.05
5.78
4.20
1885-1890.
18,633
1890-1895.
1895-1900.
1900-1905.
18,315
16 .14
13 .66
81,997
3,731
21 .00
2 .02
1905-1910.
11,401
6 .06
3,339
5,111
12,992
11,721
13,662
46,825
58,084
14,.88
48,443
63,972
12 .87
34,488
75,205
6 .15
12 .63
10 .80
IN B IL LIO N S OF D O L L A R S .
P er Cent.
Increase Increase
—
Increase o f P er Cent.
Population Increase
CLEARINGS OF NATIONAL BANKS IN BOSTON.
1885=1910.
4.86
7.09
16.84
13.00
13.41
1885......................
1890......................
1895......................
1900................
1905......................
68.16
1909 (4 years)----
3,483
5,131
—
1,648
4,758
6,180
7,655
8,397
*373
1,422
*
1,475
742
P e r cent.
Increase in
Population
—
14.88
10.80
29.90
Increase
P er cent.
Increase
—
47.31
*7.26
Total
Clearings
—
Boston is predominantly a commercial and financial center.
Among the great cities of the United States, although it ranks
but ninth as to area and fifth in population, it stands second in
the aggregate value of its imports and exports, third in amount
of bank clearings, and sixth in respect to the value of its manu
factures.
The following tables afford a general comparison between the
variations in growth of population, by half-decades, in the period
1885-1910, and the variations in the amount of foreign commerce,
the amount of bank clearings, the value of the product of
Boston’ s factories, and the number of passengers carried by the
steam railroads to and from Boston in the same period. The
tables are based upon the most recent available figures.
On inspection of the tables it is seen that there is a general
parallelism between the percentages of increase of population by
8.49
8.98
8.28
Increase o f
Total Trade
in M illions P er Cent
o f D ollars Increase
(Compiled from the School Census returns.)
Num ber
8.35
8.30
10.59
Increase of Trade and o f Population.
Persons o f School A ge, 5=15 Years, in Boston.
Year
E x p o rts
9.26
7.97
9.14
1905................................................... .....7.14
1910........................................................5.98
Inspection of the foregoing table renders it clear that the
children of fathers born in Italy or Russia, have notably in
creased in the period 1900-1908, while the children of fathers
born in Ireland or in the British Provinces have diminished both
absolutely and relatively.
Additional evidence of the relative increase of the rising gen
eration in Boston is found in the returns of the school census,
which enumerates annually the number of persons of the ageperiod five to fifteen years. The following statement shows the
increase in this class of the population in the school census years
by half-decades, between 1885 and 1909:
1885........................................................8.75
1890........................................................8.14
1895................................................... .....9.90
Im ports
1900.................................................. ...... 8.22
coun
I., II., I l l .......
Total
Percentage of B oston ’s Trade to Total o f United States.
12.87
6.15
23.86
9.69
10.11
D ecrease.
The next statement shows that the foreign trade and the bank
clearings of Boston have not fully recovered from the effects of
the panic of 1907, which, as lias been shown above, caused a
diminution in the influx of immigrants destined to Massachusetts,
and presumably to Boston as well.
Total E xports and Im ports.
30.
F IS C A L T E A R E N D IN G JU N E
190 5
190 6
190 7
.
$188,122,373
205,181,724
225,305,124
Total Bank Clearings.
CALENDAR Y E A R .
$7,655,225,997
8,314,925,728
8,098,251,314
Average for 3 yrs., $206,203,073 Average for 3 yrs., $8,022,801,013
a)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Total Exports and Imports.
30.
Total Bank Clearings.
F IS C A L Y E A R E N D IN G JU N E
190 8
CALENDAR YE A R .
$189,729,784
190 9
191 0
-$7,273,453,916
188,630,153
199,522,973
8,396,817,687
8,446,058,546
Average for 3 yrs., $192,627,636 Average for 3 yrs., $8,038,776,716
We show next, for each census year of the 20-year period
1885-1905, the value of manufactures in Boston as compared with
the same for the State outside Boston, also the increase and
percentage of increase every five years, including with the latter
the percentage of increase in population.
MANUFACTURES, 1885 =1905, IN CENSUS YEARS.
Value o f Product.
Y ear
The total number of passengers carried in Massachusetts in
the five years, 1895-1899, was 526,213,991, a decrease, as com
pared with the preceding half-decade, of 20,031,148, or 3.67
per cent.; whereas in the five years, 1900-1904, the number car
ried increased 52,037,327 or 9.89 per cent. In the like period,
1905-1909, the number carried aggregated 693,967,474, an increase
of 115,716,156 or 20.01 per cent.
Similarly, there was a decrease in the aggregate number of
passengers carried to and from Boston of 9,508,451, or 3 62 per
cent., in the period 1895-1899, as compared with the preceding
5-year period The aggregate for the five years 1900-1904 was
269,157,360, an increase of 15,808,431, or 6.24 percent, over the
aggregate of the preceding half-decade. In the five years, 19051909, the aggregate amounted to 317,635,778, an increase of
48,478,418, or 18.01 per cent., over the previous half-decade.
The following statement, based on the reports of the Assessing
Department, shows the absolute and relative increase of buildings,
by classes, in the period 1885-1909:
St a t e , O u t s id e
B oston
B oston
1885...................................................$144,376,202
1890................................................... 210,936,616
1895................................................... 165,774,080
$530,258,067
677,223,787
684,033,222
1900................................................... 206,081,767
1905...................................................*221,336,500
829,117,222
*1,060,702,700
NUMBER OF BUILDINGS IN BOSTON.
1885=1909.
D w elling
H ouses
H otels
and Fam ily
H otels
Stores
45,137
1890.......................
292
643
575
1885-1890 .........................................
$66,560,414
$146,965,720
1900.......................
51,590
59,396
64,228
1890-1895..........................................
1895-1900..........................................
t45,162,536
40,307,687
6,809,435
145,084,000
1905.......................
66,677
658
667
1909.......................
68,590
746
1900-1905.........................................
15,254,733
Miscellaueous
Total
2,988
3,308
5,057
53,474
5,583
61,056
3,506
3,368
5,100
6,509
68,645
74,763
3,554
7,149
78,047
3,492
7,170
79,998
231,585,478
1895.......................
Increase.
Increase in D w elling Houses and All Buildings.
Per Cent, o f Increase.
P E R CEN T . O F IN C R E A S E
M anu factures
P opulation
M an u fac
tures
1885-1890................
46.10
14.88
27.72
15.38
1890-1895................
1895-1900................
1900-1905................
121.41
24.32
7.40
10.80
12.87
6.15
1.00
21.21
27.93
11.88
12.04
7.30
D w elling
A ll
H ouses
Buildings
Population
* Estim ated because o f changed basis adopted in Census o f 1905.
t Decrease.
1885-1890..............
1890-1895..............
6,453
7,806
1895-1900..............
1900-1905..............
1905-1909 (4 yrs.)..
D w elling
H ouses
A ll
B uildin gs
P o pu la
tion
14.88
10.80
7,582
14.30
14.18
15.13
8.14
3.81
12.43
4,832
2,449
7,589
6,118
3,284
1,913
1,951
2.87
8.91
4.39
2.50
12.87
6.15
9.55
STEAM RAILROAD STATISTICS, 1890=1909.
Number o f Passengers Carried.
Population of Boston, April 15, 1910.
T o and F rom
B oston
State, Outside
Boston
1890...................................................
1895..................................................
1900...................................................
48,072,476
52,015,921
52,334,148
50,771,236
55,840,427
56,434,155
1905...................................................
57,813,055
66,421,212
1909...................................................
66,233,488
80,817,676
Y ear
A.
Boston Proper,
B.
193,274
28.82 per cent
Districts Annexed before 1822:
East Boston,
71,703
10.69 “
“
Total B.,
C.
58,488
South Boston,
8.72 per cent
130,191
19.41 “
“
Districts Annexed since 1822:
Roxbury,
Increase.
1890-1895..........................................
3,943,445
5,069,191
1895-1900..........................................
1900-1905 ..........................................
318,227
5,478,907
593,728
9,987,057
1905-1909 (4 Tears.) .......................
8,420,433
14,396,464
117,727
17.56 per cent
Dorchester,
115,780
17.27 “
“
41,444
6.18 “
“
West Roxbury,
45,594
6.80 “
“
Brighton,
26,575
3.96 “
“
Charlestown,
Total C,
Passengers
Carried
1890-1895................
8.20
P opulation
10.80
Passengers
Carried
9.98
Population
11.88
347,120
51.77 “
“
Total A, B and C,
Per Cent, o f Increase.
670,585
100.00 “
“
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
Annual Reports o f the Statistics Departm ent, 1897 to 1910 Inclusive.
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Boston: Municipal Printing Office.
12 to 26 pp.
Special Publications No. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative
Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out of print.]
Special Publications No. 2. Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing
Office. 1898. 39 pp. 4to. [Out of print.]
Special Publications No. 3. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1893-97; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 135 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Special Publications No. 4. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 147 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Special P ublications No. 5. Receipts and Expenditures 1870-1900. Tables for thirty years. Boston : Municipal Printing
Office. 1902. 65 pp. 4to. [Postage, six cents.]
Special Publications No. 6. Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures 1893-97. Tables for five years. Boston : Municipal
Printing Office. 1900. 218 pp. 4to. [Postage, fifteen cents.]
Special Publications No. 7. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1895-1899 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special Publications No. 8. Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp.
Special Publications No. 9. Receipts and Expenditures
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 159 pp.
of Ordinary Revenue, 1896-1900 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
of Ordinary Revenue, 1898-1902 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special Publications No. 10. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1899-1903; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 164 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 11. (Delayed.) Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1898-1902. Tables for five years. Boston:
Municipal Printing Office. 1910. 310 pp. 4to. [Postage, twenty cents.]
Special Publications No. 12. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1900-1904; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 163 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 13. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1901-1905; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 161 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 14. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1902-1906, with Appendix including Analyses
of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 15. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1903-1907, with Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five yeai’s. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1908.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 16. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1904-1908, with Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1909.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 17. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1905-1909, with Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1910.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 18. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1906-1910, with Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups ; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1911.
162 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
M onthly Bulletin o f the Statistics Departm ent. Volume I. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 4to. Comprises
ten numbers, with tables for twelve months.
Volume II. Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 4to. Comprises eight numbers, with tables for twelve months.
Volume III. B oston: Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers, with tables for twelve
months.
Volume IV . Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1902. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers (338 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume V.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 4to. Comprises ten numbers (338 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume VI. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 4to. Comprises eight numbers (264 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume VII. B oston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume VIII. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 4to. Comprises five numbers (192 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume IX. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume X. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1908. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume XI. Boston: MunicipalPrintingOffice. 1909. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), with tables for twelve
months.
Volume X II. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1910. 4to. Comprises four numbers (170 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume X III. 1911. Current: Issued quarterly, arranged by months. [Postage, three cents.]
Copies of the Publications named in the foregoing list will be mailed to any address on receipt of the price of postage.
Address:
Edw ard
M.
H artw ell,
Secretary, Statistics Department, 73, City Hall, Boston, Mass.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
BOSTON
STATISTICS
departm ent
REFERENDA
IN
MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON
BY
D
r
. EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Department
[R e p r in te d ,
w ith
A d d itio n s ,
fr o m
B u lle tin
of
CITY
P R IN T IN G
th e
OF
S ta tis tic s
D e p a rtm e n t.
BOSTON
DEPARTM ENT
1910
V o l.
X L . N o s. 10-12 , 1909.1
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
CI TY
OF
STATISTICS
BOSTON
DEPARTMENT
REFERENDA
N
MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON
BY
D
r
. EDW ARD
M.
HARTW ELL
Secretary of Statistics Department
[R e p r in t e d , w it h
A d d it io n s , f r o m
B u l l e t in
of
CITY
P R IN T IN G
the
OF
St a t is t ic s
D epartm ent, V ol.
BOSTON
DEPARTM ENT
19 10
XI., Nos. 10-12, 1909.]
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
REFERENDA IN MASSACHUSETTS AND BOSTON.
BY DR. EDWARD M. HARTWELL, SECRETARY OF STATISTICS DEPARTMENT.
Referenda in Massachusetts fall mostly into one of three
principal classes, viz.: (1) General referenda, on matters relat
ing to the constitution of the State Government, or its rela
tion to the National Government; (2) Special referenda,
relating either to the charters or charter amendments of
cities, or to the acceptance of other special acts; and (3)
Recurrent referenda whereby, in accordance with the Revised
Laws, each city and town is annually called upon to vote yes
or no upon the question of licensing the sale of intoxicants
within its borders.
In this connection it will be best to consider general refer
enda chiefly, without attempting to discuss referenda of the
second and third classes, whose numbers run into the hun
dreds, although certain of them must needs be mentioned in
outlining the record of the voters of Boston as regards elec
toral contests and referenda respectively.
In attempting to measure the interest of the electorate and
the significance of the votes cast upon the referenda under
review, two criteria have been adopted: (1) the percentage of
the total vote upon a given question to the total vote cast for
Governor of the State in the same year; and (2) the percentage
of the major vote upon a given question to the total vote
upon that question. However, owing to the inadequacy of the
records, whether in print or manuscript, all members of the
series of general referenda cannot be satisfactorily tested by
either criterion. M uch less is it possible to state, in respect
to referenda submitted before 1890, what proportion of the
registered or of the qualified voters actually voted for G ov
ernor or on a referendum in a given year.
It may be noted that in gathering the data, here brought
together, it has been necessary to search the original records,
in the archives of Massachusetts and of Boston, many of
which have not been printed. The records regarding the
votes on the earlier referenda are so meagre and incomplete
that it seems best to forbear attempting to tabulate the facts
regarding referenda submitted b y the Legislature prior to
the year 1780, when the Constitution of Massachusetts was
adopted and the first election of a Governor by the people
occurred.
Referendum is a borrowed word which has gained currency
in our political vocabulary only recently, but the practice of
referring constitutional questions to the voters of Massachu
setts b y the Legislature is an old, one might almost say primitive
one. The practice is based on the doctrine that the consent of
the people is an indispensable factor in establishing the organic
law. The main object of this study is to set forth the nature of
the questions referred to the voters since the Province of Massa
chusetts Bay assumed “ civil government” as a State, and to
determine the character and amount of the interest shown by
them in such questions. But it should not be overlooked that
the lawgivers of the Colony of New Plymouth and of the Colony
of Massachusetts Bay exemplified the doctrine of common assent,
more than a century before the outbreak of the Revolution, in
measures that may. be properly termed referenda.
In the enactment of fundamental laws both the Pilgrims and
the Puritans were careful to secure the consent of the people.
In 1636 when the Plymouth Colony adopted its first code of laws,
it was enacted “ That the laws and ordinance of the Colony and
for the Government of the same be made only by the freemen of
the Corporation and no other.” In 1643 when the New England
Confederation was formed, for defense against the Indians, by
representatives of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Haven and
New Plymouth, the delegates from the latter “ referred the
Articles of Confederation to the people of their Colony and
refrained from signing until these had received the popular
assent.” (See Lobingier’s “ The People’s Law ,” p. 77.)
The first code of laws of the Massachusetts Colony, known
as “ The Body of Liberties” was enacted by the General Court
in 1641. The enactment was the last of a series of measures
initiated in 1636 by an order of the General Court, providing for
“ a draught of laws . . . . which may be the Fundamentals of
this Commonwealth.” Governor John Winthrop (History ii 66)
notes that the Body of Liberties “ had been composed by Mr.
Nathaniel Ward . . . . and had been revised . . . by the
Court and sent forth into every town to be further considered of,
and now again in this Court {i. e., of December 10, 1641) they
were revised, amended and presented, and so established for three
years, by that experience to have them fully amended and estab
lished to be perpetual.”
Inasmuch as the submission of the Body of Liberties to the
freemen of the towns appears to have been the first measure
resembling a referendum taken by the Government of the Bay
Colony, a brief statement of the matters referred and the cir
cumstances attending that reference will not be out of place.
The right of the people to participate, through their deputies,
with the magistrates in the enactment of laws had been con
ceded after considerable dispute in the period 1631-1635. G ov
ernor Winthrop tells us that in M ay, 1635, on the demand of
the deputies, “ it was agreed that some men should be appointed
to frame a body of grounds of laws, in resemblance to a Magna
Charta, which being allowed by some of the Ministers and the
General Court, should be received for fundamental laws.”
Although committees to draft such laws were appointed both
in 1635 and 1636 little was accomplished by them. In March,
1637, the General Court, alleging that the want of written laws
had led to “ many doubts and much trouble,” ordered “ that
the freemen of every town should assemble together in their
several towns, and collect the heads of such necessary and funda
mental laws, as may be suitable, and the heads of such laws to
deliver in writing to the Governor before the 5th day of the 4th
month, called June next.” The order further provided that
eleven persons, with the Governor at their head, should make
“ a compendious abridgment of the same, to be presented to the
General Court for confirmation or rejection.” Apparently the
action so ordered was taken though not very promptly, as it
was not until November, 1639, that the General Court passed
an order, instructing a joint committee of Magistrates and
Deputies to “ peruse all those models which have been or shall
be further presented concerning a form of government and laws
to be established.” Having drawn the models up into one body,
the committee were charged to “ take order that the same shall
be copied and sent out to the several towns, that the elders of
the churches and freemen may consider of them against the
next General Court.” Evidently the elders and freemen took
their time in the matter, as the General Court passed a vote,
M ay 13, 1640, concerning the “ Breviate of Laws,” urging the
elders and freemen to whom they had been sent “ that they will
endeavor to ripen their thoughts and counsels about the same
(1)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
by the general court in the next 8th month.” Finally it was
voted b y the Court on December 10, 1641, that “ the bodye of
laws formerly sent forth among the Freemen was voted to stand
in force.”
It might be argued that the order of March 12, 1637, resem
bles both an initiative and a referendum. Perhaps it is as well
to consider it an embryonic or inchoate referendum, from which
developed the order of November 5, 1639, and to call the latter
the first Massachusetts referendum. In the Body of Liberties
one finds reflected certain distinctively popular views and ten
dencies that ultimately found clear and well nigh complete
expression in the State Constitution of 1780. Of that Consti
tution the Body of Liberties, even more than the Charter of
1629, was a prophetic type. The Body of Liberties was more
than a code of statutes; it partook of the nature of a bill of
rights and a frame of government, as well.
The second paragraph o f - “ The Body of Liberties” reads
as follows: “ W e hould it therefore our dutie and safetie
whilst we are about the further establishing of this Govern
ment to collect and express all such freedomes as for the
present we forsee may concerne us, and our posteritie after
us.
And to ratifie them, with our sollemne consent. ”
Of the ninety-eight sections into which “ The Body of Lib
erties ” is divided twenty-one are included under the title:
“ Liberties more peculiarly concerning the freemen.”
Among
the most significant of them are the following:
referendum was recognized in the ratification by the freemen
of the fundamental laws of both colonies.
N ot only was the principle of common assent recognized and
embodied in the fundamental laws, but those laws provided in
the town meeting a well devised instrument whereby the
freemen were enabled to give effect to their deliberations and
votes — both as regarded their local affairs and the “ occa
sions of the Country.”
There were several instances within the colonial period of
what may be termed primitive or incipient referenda in contra
distinction to the series of definitively constitutional referenda
that began in 1776. In this connection the following cases may
suffice although it is quite possible that an exhaustive scrutiny
of certain manuscript sources in the Massachusetts Archives
would disclose still other cases in which the General Court
called upon the freemen of the towns to intimate their assent
or dissent touching certain questions. It may be added that
the General Court sometimes referred questions to the clergy
and the freemen. Thus on M ay 29, 1644, it was ordered by the
General Court “ That it shall be lawful for the deputies of this
Court to advise with their elders and freemen, and take into
serious consideration whether God do not expect that all the
inhabitants of the plantation allow to the magistrates, and all
other that are called to country service a proportionable allow
ance and that they send in their determinations and conclusions
to the next General Court.”
What opinions the elders (the ministers) and the freemen
expressed regarding the question of compensating the members
of the General Court does not appear in the records of that
body. From 1644 till the charter was revoked in 1684, there
was much variance between the Magistrates and the Deputies
touching their respective privileges and powers, and the opinion
and advice of the clergy as well as of the freemen were formally
asked for by the General Court more than once. In 1685,
curiously enough, two contradictory reports were made to the
General Court as to the opinion and advice of the Elders on the
expediency of resisting if a forcible attempt should be made by
the agents of the King to secure possession of the revoked charter
for cancellation. On another occasion the Elders pointedly
informed the Deputies that the government was “ aristocratical ”
as well as “ democratical” in its nature. The Magistrates and
Elders — like many of their successors — had a rooted horror
of a pure democracy.
In 1644, when the Massachusetts Magistrates and Deputies
were at odds as to the rights and powers of the latter in legis
lative matters, the General Court, on November 13, passed an
order which provided: (1) that for a year neither Magistrates
nor Deputies should “ exercise a negative v o te ” upon the votes
of the other, “ if the freemen shall accept thereof” ; and (2)
that a trial shall be made for one year “ by choice of twenty
deputies of the several shires to equal the number of magistrates
chosen upon the day of election, the choice of them to be thus
divided: Suffolk shall choose six; Middlesex six; and Essex and
Norfolk being joined in one shall choose eight.” In pursuance
of this plan it was “ further declared that every town shall forth
with, namely by the last of the next month, send in under the
hands of their late deputies their vote assenting or dissenting
to the proposition.”
The records are silent as to the results of this referendum;
but John Winthrop in his History of New England (vol. ii,
page 24) says “ the greater number of towns refused it. So it
was left for the time. ” But the Magistrates brought forward
substantially the same plan in 1645, when they asked the D ep
uties to concur in an order to refer to the freemen the question
whether sixteen deputies, i. e., four for each county, with an
equal number of Assistants, together with the Governor and
Deputy Governor, should constitute the General Court. The
proposed referendum failed to be authorized because the D ep
uties refused their concurrence. Their reply reads as follows:
“ The deputies being in this particular well acquainted with the
mind of their towns cannot consent to this way of lessening the
deputies.”
“ 66. The Freemen of every Towneship shall have power
to make such by laws and constitutions as may concerne the
welfare of their Towne, provided they be not gf a Criminall,
but onely of a prudential nature, etc.
“ 67. It is the constant libertie of the freemen of this
plantation to choose yearly at the Court of Election out of the
freemen all the General officers of this Jurisdiction.”
“ 68. It is the libertie of the freemen to choose such depu
ties for the General Court out of themselves, either in their
owne Townes or elsewhere as they may judge fitest, ” etc.
“ 74. The freemen of Every Towne or Towneship, shall
have full power to choose yearly or for lesse time out of them
selves a convenient number of fitt men to order the planting
or prudentiall occasions of that Town, according to instruc
tions given them in writing, Provided nothing be done by
them contrary to the publique laws and orders of the Countrie, provided also the number of such select persons be not
above nine.”
It is to be noted that under Section 74 “ of the Body of Lib
erties ” the powers of the Selectmen were conditioned on
“ instructions given them in writing ” by the freemen.
Later
it became customary for the freemen in Town meeting to
adopt written instructions to their representatives in the Gen
eral Court also.
Thus, from the Boston Town Records, it
appears that, on March 14, 1652-53, “ at a general Towne
meeting” it was ordered: “ That the Commissioners for the
Town and the Seleckt men are desired to draw up instrucktions for the deputies against the Generali Corte they or any
five of them ar to doe it .”
Then this follows: “ Ensign Josh. Scotto, Ensign Robt. Scott,
Mr. Belcher, Edward Flechar and Sargt. Nathll. Williams ar
desired to draw up Instrucktions for the Townesmen (select
men) to ackt by, to be in adition to what instrucktions they
alredy have.”
That the “ townes m en” of the Plymouth Colony, enjoyed
rights similar to those secured to the freemen of the Bay
Colony is indicated by the following, which was enacted by
the General Court at Plymouth on September 1, 1640: “ That
the Constables of every Towne within the Government shall
warne the townes men whereof they are to come together as
they doe for other townes businesse when the Committes
(deputies) shall think it fitt, as well to acquaint them with
what is propounded (proposed) or enacted at the Court as to
receive instructions for any other business they would have
done.”
Giving the voters the right to instruct their representatives
in the General Court amounted practically to giving them the
initiative. As has already been shown, the principle of the
(2)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
The General Court on November 11, 1647, passed an act to
limit the number of deputies to one from each town, but suspen
ded the act, and later, on the same day, confessing its uncer
tainty whether the towns preferred to send one or two deputies
and “ being desirous to know the mind of the country herein,”
the Court ordered “ that a copy of this order shall be sent to
the constable of every town who shall call the freemen together
and acquaint them herewith that so they may declare their
minds herein,” etc.
The result of this referendum is indicated by the following
entry under March, 1647-48 in the records of the General Court:
“ The most of the freemen desiring their former liberty of send
ing one or two deputies to the General Court, the former wonted
liberty is continued and the former act is repealed.”
The rising of the people against Sir Edmund Andros (who
had served as Royal Governor since M ay 20, 1686) occurred
on April 18 and 19, 1689. On the twentieth of April fifteen
men (including six Magistrates who had been chosen b y the
General Court of Elections on M ay 12, 1686) repaired to the
Town House in Boston and assumed direction of affairs, under
the style of “ The Council for the Safety of the People and
Conservation of the Peace.” Simon Bradstreet, whose elec
tion as Governor in 1686 had been nullified b y the arrival of
Andros, was chosen President of this council. The council
immediately joined to itself, by invitation, twenty-two other
prominent men, and as the de facto goyernment held almost
daily sessions. The records of the Council of Safety, under
date of M ay 1st, contain the following: “ There being some
agitation in Council of the Necessity of Settling some form
of Government, and several Gentlemen appearing out of the
Country, moving the same thing, debate was deferred till the
morrow.”
On M ay 2d, there being 31 members present, the Council
of Safety, “ agreed unto a paper . . . signifying the expe
dience of the several Towns . . .
to meet and choose one
or more able, discreet persons . . .
to convene at Boston
upon the ninth instant, . . . fully impowered . . .
to consult, advise, join and give their Assistance to the Council
now Sitting.” This “ signification” provided that Boston might
send four representatives but no other town should send more
than two.
On M ay 9th, the Council of Safety, to the number of 27, and
66 representatives from 44 towns met together. The next
day the Representatives addressed a “ Declaration to the Council
on behalf of the Towns for which they appeared: That for
the ensuing part of this year, The Governor, Deputy Governor
and Assistants chosen and sworn in M ay 1686 according to
our Charter Rights, and the deputies then sent by the Freemen
of the several Towns to be (are) the Government now settled
in our above said Colony.”
The extant records regarding the returns from the Towns
in reply to the signification of M ay 2, although incomplete,
afford evidence that many of the Towns expressed a desire to
have the Old Charter “ reassumed.” But it appears probable,
from the records, that the Declaration of the Representatives
on M ay 10, was substantially unanimous.
The Council in reply to the Declaration said: “ W e think
it necessary the people of the said several Towns and Villages
do more fully and expressly signify their M ind in that Matter
and that the other Towns and places . . . b e notified to
Convene their respective Inhabitants to manifest their minds
relating to the same . . . and choose so many as they shall
think convenient to join with them for the Common Safety
and Conservation of the Peace and the Exercise of such farther
Acts of Authority as shall be necessary.”
The Representatives assented, and declared that “ they con
tinued the present Council in the same Station until M ay 22d,”
— the date agreed upon for the convention proposed by the
Council, i. e., the Convention of Council and Representatives.
On M ay 22, twenty-six members of the Council and 74 Rep
resentatives from, 54 towns assembled in Boston. The returns
of 52 towns and villages, on the referendum of M a y 10, are
still preserved. Of that number 43 towns appear to have pro
nounced in favor of the reassumption of the charter, and 9 for
continuing the Council of Safety. At any rate, the Representa
tives again urged the Council to act in the way suggested in
the Declaration of M ay 10; and on M ay 24, twelve of “ the
Old Magistrates” consented “ for the Satisfaction of the people
to accept the care and Government of the people of this Colony
according to the rules of the Charter
. . . until by direc-.
tion from England there be an Orderly Settlement of Govern
ment,” with the promise that additional Assistants should be
chosen and that the Representatives of the Towns should again
convene with them. But the Old Magistrates were careful
to add that they did “ not intend an Assumption of Charter
Government and would not be so understood.”
On M ay 25, the Council of Safety, from which the 22 members
by invitation had been dropped, organized by the choice of
Simon Bradstreet as President and Isaac Addington as Clerk.
Thereupon the Towns appear to have held new elections, at
which five additional assistants were chosen; and on June 5,
representatives to the number of 55 from 41 towns assembled
in Boston, chose a Speaker, and adjourned till the next day.
On June 6, the Representatives addressed a “ Declaration” to
“ S. Bradstreet, Governor, Thomas Danforth, Deputy Governor,
and the Assistants now sitting,” saying:
.
“ W e do now humbly pray . . . you would be pleased
by virtue of the Authority devolved on you by us as Represen
tatives of the several Towns in this Colony to accept Govern
ment according to Charter Rules by the name of Governor and
Council for Massachusetts Colony, and exercise such authority,
in the said Colony as was formally (sic.) and by the Laws made
b y our Charter Government . . . until farther order from
England, and that the M ajor General and five Assistants lately
chosen take their respective Oaths; and pray there may be no
Delay in this Matter. W e cannot proceed in anything till
this foundation be settled.”
On June 7, the Governor and Council voted to accept the
foregoing declaration, and took the oaths of office. On June
22, they declared that all laws that were in force on M ay 12,
1686, should continue in force until farther settlement. The
Council of Safety and the Convention of Representatives con
tinued to meet from time to time. The Representatives on
January 24, 1689, voted “ That this Convention be henceforth
termed a General Court and be accounted such in all Respects.”
The provisional government consisting of the Governor and
Council and the General Court continued to rule the Colony
until Sir William Phips became Governor on M ay 14, 1692, under
the Province Charter, granted by William and Mary, October
7, 1691.
Under the charter granted in 1691 by William and M ary
to Their Majesties’ Province of Massachusetts Bay (which
included the future District of Maine in addition to the original
colonies of Plymouth and the Bay) the freeholders continued
to exercise the liberties of the colonial freemen under some
restrictions that need not detain us.
In the period 1765-1780 the “ Freeholders and other Inhabi
tants” in their town meetings, by their choice of Representa
tives to the General Court and to county and state conventions,
by their election of Committees of Correspondence and Safety;
by their instructions to their Selectmen and Representatives,
and b y their votes on referenda exercised a large and decisive
influence in the controversy between the Colony and the Crown,
and finally in 1780 secured the adoption of the Massachusetts
Constitution of 1780, which was the first State Constitution
in America that was framed by a convention chosen b y the
people, and ratified by the people themselves after full and
free discussion.
“ The American Revolution broke out,” says de Tocqueville,
“ and the doctrine of the sovereignty of the people came out
of the townships and took possession of the State. Every class
was enlisted in its cause; battles were fought and victories
obtained for it; it became the law of laws.”
The period 1765-1775, i. e., from the passage of the Stamp
A ct till the adoption of a provisional form of government after
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
the Evacuation of Boston, affords numerous instances in which
Massachusetts towns exemplified the principles of the initiative;—
definitive referenda do not emerge until 1776, when all of the
towns were asked by the House of Representatives to make
known their sentiments on the question of independency. In
this period Instructions by the Towns, particularly the Town
of Boston, played a large part in the controversy with the King
and Parliament and the Royal Governors, and in the develop
ment of the American doctrine of popular rights. Indeed a fair
sized treatise on the Nature of Government and the Rights of
the Subject might be compiled from the Instructions to their
Representatives b y the Town of Boston. A few instances must
suffice; but in passing, it may be remarked that many of the
replies and memorials to the Governor by the House of Repre
sentatives which largely make up “ Bradford’s State Papers of
Massachusetts” are but restatements of utterances b y Com
mittees on Instructions or Committees of Correspondence chosen
by the Town Meeting of Boston.
September 18, 1765, the Instructions for the Representatives
of the Town after expressing “ the greatest Dissatisfaction”
with the Stamp Act add: “ And we think it incumbent upon
you by no Means to Join in any publick Measures for Counte
nancing and assisting in the Execution of the same: But to
use your best endeavors in the General Assembly, to have the
inherent unalienable Rights of the People of this Province
asserted and vindicated.” The instructions were passed unani
mously, but the size of the vote was not stated; however, at
the election of Representatives, M ay 14, 1765 there were 641
matter and phraseology reads somewhat like a forecast of the
Declaration of Independence in 1776. The Statement of Rights,
by Sam. Adams, begins as follows: “ Among the natural Rights
of the Colonists are these, first, a Right to Life; secondly, to
Liberty; thirdly, to Property; together with the Right to support
and defend them in the best manner they can. These are evident
branches of, rather than deductions from the D uty of Self Pre
servation, commonly called the first Law of Nature.............
When Men enter Society, it is by voluntary consent; and they
have a right to demand and insist upon the performance of such
conditions, and limitations as form an equitable original compact.”
The List of Infringements numbers twelve in all. One will
suffice here. “ 1st. The British Parliament have assumed the
power of legislating for the Colonies in all cases whatsoever,
without obtaining the consent of the Inhabitants, which is ever
essentially necessary to the right establishment of such a legis
lative.”
While suffering from the effects of the Boston Port Bill, the
People of Boston were greatly stirred by the report that Par
liament had passed still other “ intolerable Acts.” At a Town
Meeting held on July 26, 1774, Boston “ accepted Paragraph by
Paragraph” a Letter to the other Towns relative to “ Two Acts
of Parliament, altering the Course of Justice and annihilating
our free Constitution of Government.” The second of the acts
alluded to was “ Chapter 45, Acts of 14, George III.” (1774)
which provided that no Town meeting except for an election
should be held in the Province without the written permission
of the Royal Governor, who was also given power to prescribe
what matters should be considered in such meetings.
On September 1, 1774, General Gage, the last Royal Governor,
issued writs for an election of Representatives to the General
Court to be convened on October 5 at Salem. On September
25, an election was held for four Representatives from Boston,
at which 362 votes were cast. A t the same meeting three persons
were appointed and impowered by the Town,— “ in Addition to
our four Representatives to join with the Members who may
be sent from the Neighboring Towns in the Province, at a Time
to be agreed on, in a General Provincial Congress.”
The Representatives from Boston were instructed to “ adhere
firmly to the Charter . . . . and to do no Act which can
possibly be construed into an Acknowledgment of the A ct of
the British Parliament, for altering the Government of Massa
chusetts Bay . . . . And, as we have reason to believe that
a conscientious Discharge of your D uty will produce your
Dissolution as an House of Representatives. W e do hereby
impower and instruct you to join with the Members, who may
be sent from this and the Neighboring Towns in the Province,
and to meet with them on a time to be agreed on, in a General
Provincial Congress, to act upon such Matters, as may come
before you, in such a manner, as shall appear to you most con
ducive to the true Interest of this Town and Province, and most
likely to preserve the Liberties of all America.”
On September 28, General Gage issued a proclamation “ dis
charging the members from attending” and declared he would
not meet the General Court on October 5. The time had come
for testing the faith of the People of Massachusetts in the doc
trine of common assent, inasmuch as the action of Gage was
tantamount to a dissolution of the House of Representatives.
During the interregnum 1774-1780, the Government of Mas
sachusetts was provisional and somewhat anomalous not to
say revolutionary in character; naturally enough, appeals
from the lawgivers to the people to signify their wishes and
opinions were unusually frequent and direct.
Some ninety Representatives assembled at Salem on October
5, 1774. On October 7, they resolved themselves into a Pro
vincial Congress (the First) which dissolved on December 10,
1774, after assuming direction of affairs and calling on the
Towns “ to elect as many members as to them shall seem nec
essary and expedient to represent them in a Provincial Con
gress February 1, 1775.” This Second Congress in which 196
towns (177 in Massachusetts and 19 in Maine) were represented,
b y 229 members, was dissolved on M ay 29, 1775, at Water -
votes cast.
In the record of a Town Meeting held December 1,1766, the
following occurs:
“ That the Sense of the Inhabitants may be taken respecting
a Bill now pending in the House of Representatives, entitled
‘ A n Act for granting compensation to the Sufferers and of free
and full pardon, Indew,nity and oblivion to the Offenders, in the
late Times,’ was read, and the Bill laid before the Town for its
consideration; and the Town apprehending said Bill to be
agreeable to his M ajesty’s gracious Recommendation — Voted,
that the Representatives be and hereby are Instructed to use
their Endeavors to the passing of said Bill into a law.” The
number voting is not stated, but at the Election of Represen
tatives, held on M ay 6 of the same year, 746 votes were cast.
The purpose of the Bill was to compensate, out of the Province
Treasury, Lieutenant Governor Hutchinson, Judge Oliver and
others, who had incurred large losses at the hands of the mob
during the Stamp Act Riots in Boston, in August, 1765. The
Bill was framed by the House of Representatives early in Novem
ber, 1766, and ordered “ to be published for the consideration of
th e'T ow n s.” On November 13 the House asked' Governor
Bernard to grant a recess in order that the members of the House
might consult their constituents. Accordingly a recess was
granted by the Governor from November 13 till December 3,
1766. On December 5 the Bill was passed to be engrossed:
yeas, 53; nays, 35. Of the four Boston Representatives three
voted yea, the fourth being Speaker of the House.
In 1772 Governor Hutchinson’ s refusal to comply with a peti
tion of Boston to allow the General Assembly to meet impelled
the Town on November 2, to vote unanimously, on the motion
of Mr. Samuel Adams “ That a Committee of Correspondence
be appointed to state the Rights of the Colonists and of this
Province in Particular as Men, as Christians, and as Subjects;
to communicate and publish the same to the several Towns in
this Province and to the World as the sense of this Town, with
the Infringements and Violations thereof that have been made.
Also requesting of each Town a free communication of their
Sentiments on this Subject.” The Committee’s report, a
lengthy one, was duly considered by the Town, and unanimously
adopted, on November 20, 1772. Although the number voting
is not given, the records show that 723 votes were cast on M ay 6,
1772, at the election of Representatives.
In its statement of Rights and List of Infringements and
Violations of those rights, this declaration both in its subject
(4)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C.
town, where the Third Provincial Congress, elected at the call
of the Second Congress, convened on M ay 31,1775.
As soon as the meaning of the Regulating A ct became clear,
viz., Chapter 45, 14 George III., which forbade the holding of
Town meetings without the written permission of the Governor,
the question of establishing a new form of government began to
be agitated. Thus, one of Samuel Adams’s correspondents, in
a letter dated July 29, 1774, declared “ It would be best to form
a New Charter for ourselves,” and on September 12, Dr. Joseph
Warren wrote to Adams, “ M any among us and almost all in the
Western Countys are for taking up the old Form of Government
according to the first Charter.” On December 10, 1774, the
day it dissolved, the First Provincial Congress tabled a report
“ relative to assuming Civil Government.”
In the Second Provincial Congress it was moved on M ay 12,
1775: “ That the sense of the Congress be taken . . . . whether
there is now existing in this Colony a necessity of taking up
and exercising the powers of civil government in all its parts.”
Four days later the Congress voted to send a committee to
Philadelphia to present “ an application to the Continental
Congress for obtaining their recommendation for this Colony to
take up and exercise Civil Government.”
On June 9, 1775, the Continental Congress passed a Resolve
advising the Provincial Congress to consider the Governor and
Lieutenant Governor “ as absent and their offices vacant,” and
recommended the Provincial Congress “ to write letters to the
inhabitants of the several places which are entitled to repre
sentation in .the assembly, requesting them to choose such
representatives, and that the Assembly when chosen to elect
Councillors; and that such assembly, or council, exercise the
powers of government until a governor of his majesty’s appoint
ment will consent to govern the Colony according to its charter.”
Accordingly the Third Provincial Congress voted June 20,
1775, to send a letter to the Towns calling upon them to choose
Representatives for “ a general court or assembly” to convene
at Watertown, on July 19, 1775. The Towns did so, and the
First House of Representatives of the State of Massachusetts
Bay in New England met on that date. Two days later it
chose 28 Councillors, from among its 203 members who repre
sented 189 out of 268 towns. The Councillors, usually termed
“ The Honorable Board,” exercised a mixture of executive,
judicial and legislative functions, until the Constitution of
1780, which provided for a Governor, Lieutenant Governor,
Council, Senate and House of Representatives, took effect in
September, 1780.
The following summary statement may serve to show the
number and indicate the nature of the questions referred to
the voters of Massachusetts in 131 years.
Sum m ary
of
R
eferen da
A.
in
M
assach u setts,
Y eab.
1 7 7 8 ...........................................................................
1 7 8 0 ...........................................................................
D.
Y eab.
1776.
...
18 2 1 ...........................................................................
1831...........................................................................
18 3 3 ...........................................................................
18 3 6 ...........................................................................
1 8 4 0 . . ......................................................................
18 5 3 ...........................................................................
18 5 5 ...........................................................................
1857...........................................................................
185 9 ...........................................................................
186 0 ...........................................................................
1 8 6 3 ...........................................................................
187 7 ...........................................................................
188 1 ...........................................................................
188 5 ...........................................................................
1 8 8 9 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 0 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 1 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 2 ...........................................................................
189 3 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 4 ...........................................................................
1 8 9 6 ...........................................................................
1 9 0 7 ...........................................................................
,,.
1895
.
D o you favor a Confederation of
the Colonies?.......................................
Should Municipal Suffrage be
granted to W o m en ?.........................
T o ta ls............................................
B.
1
1
3
Accepted.
1
1
2
Rejected.
Total.
_
1
1
-
I
—
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
6
2
8
_
-
1
2
Accepted.
9
1
1
1
1
Rejected.
5
Total.
—
1
2
2
1
1
1
—
_
2
-
14
1
1
1
1
8
6
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
16
53
46
20
66
_
—
—
—
—
8
6
3
1
2
1
1
1
1
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
—
—
_
—
It is highly significant that the House, which was about to
dissolve, did not undertake to express its “ sentiments as a
court,” but instead asked the Towns to give instructions to
the Second House of Representatives.
No complete official statement of the returns of the Towns
can be found. It is possible to name but 38 towns that voted
on the question, between M ay 20 aiid July 25. Barnstable,
whose town meeting was held on July 25, was the only one of
the 38 towns that voted against the proposed Declaration. In
most of the towns, the vote for the Declaration appears to
have been unanimous.
Proposals to Hold Constitutional Conventions.
Y eab.
1
“ Y ou are desirous of knowing what capital measures are
proposed in Congress. I refer you to what is done concerning
privateering. This will not satisfy you and I hope nothing
will, short of a determination of America to hold her rank in creation
and give law to herself. I doubt not this will soon take place.
I wish sincerely you would originate instructions, expressed with
decency and firmness your own style — and give your sentiments
as a Court in favor of independency. I am certain it would turn
many doubtful minds, and produce a reversal of the contrary
instructions adopted by some assemblies.”
1
2
1
1
It is noteworthy that the Council on M ay 10, the last day of
the session, voted not to concur. But the House adhered to
its Resolve which was accordingly printed for the benefit of
the several towns in the newspapers.
The circumstances that led to the Resolve of M ay 10, are of
especial interest. Elbridge Gerry, then attending the Con
tinental Congress as a Delegate from Massachusetts, wrote
from Philadelphia , on March 26, 1776, to James Warren, Speaker
of the first House of Representatives as follows:
1
1
1
-
Resolved: That it be and hereby is recommended to each Town
in this Colony who shall send a member or members to the
next General Assembly fully to possess him or them with their
Sentiments relative to a Declaration of Independence of the
United Colonies of Great Britain to be made by Congress
and to instruct them what Conduct they would have them
observe with regard to the next General Assemblys Instructing
the Delegates of this Colony on that Subject.
1
—
1
In 1776, the First House of Representatives of the State of
Massachusetts Bay submitted what may be termed the first
referendum, to the Towns of the whole State. It is found in
the following Resolve passed M ay 9, 1776, by the House of
Representatives:
Total.
_
1
Total.
37
Grand Totals............................................
D o you favor a Declaration of Inde-
1778,
Rejected.
Constitutional Amendments Submitted.
Y eab.
1776-1907.
Rejected.
Accepted.
1
Special Questions.
Accepted.
Constitutions Submitted.
(5)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
On June 13, Joseph Hawley, a Member of the Council, wrote
to Gerry: “ Y ou cannot declare Independence too soon, when
the present House here called last week for the instructions
of the several towns touching Independency, agreeable to the
recommendations of the last House, it appeared that about
two-thirds of the towns in the Colony had met and all instructed
in the affirmative, and generally returned to be unanimous. As
to the other towns, the accounts of their Members were, either
that they were about to meet or that they had not received the
notice, as it was given only in the newspapers. Whereupon, the
House immediately [i.e., on June 7] ordered the unnotified towns
to be notified by hand-bills, and in a short time undoubtedly we
shall have returns from all; and it is almost certain that the
returns will be universally to support the Congress, with their
lives and fortunes, in case of a Declaration of Independence.”
Inhabitants of this Town therefore, unanimously instruct &
direct you, that, at the Approaching Session of the General
Assembly, you use your Endeavors, that the Delegates of this
Colony, at the Congress, be advised, that in Case the Congress
should think it necessary for the Safety of the United Colo
nies, to declare themselves independent of Great Britain, the
Inhabitants of this Colony, with their Lives & the Remnant
of their Fortunes, will most cheerfully support them in the
measure.—
The second referendum of 1776 was embodied in a Resolve
of the House of Representatives (apparently the Resolve was
not laid before the Council), passed September 17, in which
the “ Male Inhabitants of each Town being free and Twenty
One Years of Age or upwards,” were asked whether they
would “ give their consent that the present House of Rep
resentatives and the Council in one Body with the House
and by equal Vote shall agree on and enact such a Constitu
tion and Form of Government as they shall judge will be most
conducive to the Safety, Peace and Happiness of this State in
all after and successive Generations, and will direct that the
same be made public for the Inspection and Perusal of the
Inhabitants, before the Ratification thereof by the Assembly ? ”
Returns from 98 towns are extant,— showing that 72 towns
approved and 26 towns disapproved of the proposal. It
would appear that less than 40 per cent of the towns made
returns. The town of Boston on October 11, voted unani
mously against the question. The number of votes cast does
not appear.
On M ay 5, 1777, the House of Representatives passed a
Resolve to recommend the several towns to instruct their
Representatives to act with the Council in forming a Con
stitution of Government.
On M ay 22, the Town of Boston voted not to instruct their
representatives “ to form a plan for a new Government.” The
size of the vote is not stated, but earlier in the day 523 votes
were cast at an election of Representatives. On M ay 26, the
Town adopted instructions in which their Representatives
were “ directed by a unanimous vote in a full meeting, on no
Terms to consent” to the General Court’s forming a new
Constitution. The Instructions intimate that “ This matter at
a suitable time will properly come before the people at large
to delegate a Select Number for that purpose, and that alone."
Apparently a sufficient number of towns agreed to the pro
posal embodied in the Resolve of the 5th of M ay, 1777, since
on June 17, the Assembly and the Council resolved to act as a
Convention, and their plan of a Form of Government was
finally ordered printed on December 11.
In accordance with a Resolve of March 4, 1778, copies of
the Constitution of 1778, so called, were submitted to the
voters of the State. The Selectmen were directed to call
special meetings on or before M ay 15, to consider the proposed
Constitution and to make returns showing the number of votes
cast for and against it.
It would appear that no official statement of the returns
has ever been published. We venture to give the following
tentative figures, subject to further investigation. From
manuscript returns it appears that 151 towns in Massachusetts
and 20 in Maine, or 171 towns in all made returns. It is stated
in the Works of John Adams that 120 towns did not vote, and
that only about 12,000 voters went to the polls. Our notes
account for 112 towns that made no returns; and our tentative
totals show that 140 towns, 125 in Massachusetts and 15 in
Maine, voted against ratification; while 31 towns, 26 in Massa
chusetts and 5 in Maine, voted for it. It appears that some
12,785 votes were cast upon the referendum, of which 10,740
were nays and. 2,045 were yeas. These figures correspond
fairly closely with the statement of various writers who say
that the Constitution was rejected by a vote of five to one.
That no returns can be found for 39 per cent of the towns is
worthy of note.
The Boston Town Meeting voted unanimously on M ay 25,
968 votes being cast against ratification of the Constitution,
chiefly because it had not been framed by a convention chosen
The incompleteness of the returns on this first referendum
is typical of the returns on most of the referenda of this period.
Hawley’ s statement that “ about two-thirds of the towns had
met “ affords corroborative evidence of the writer’s own con
clusion that it rarely happened that more than two-thirds of
the towns took the trouble to vote on the questions referred to
them in the period of 1776-1780.
It was a well established doctrine of the time that members
of the Legislature were responsible to those who chose them
and were subject to instructions in their representative capac
ity. The instructions of the towns as set forth in the returns
from 32 towns which are preserved in the State Archives teem
with orotund and vigorous expressions of the political philos
ophy of that day. Some of them take the form of a disqui
sition on government. For instance, the instructions to its
representatives adopted by the town of Wrentham on June 5,
1776, are of such a character as to lead a descendant of one of
the Town Fathers of Wrentham, to publish them last *M ay in
the New York Evening Post with the fanciful claim that they
constitute a “ Declaration of Independence that . . . . ante
dates the immortal document of July, 1776.”
At a Town Meeting in Boston, held on M ay 23, 1776, an elec
tion of Representatives to the General Court was held at which
272 votes were cast. A Moderator was then chosen by the
Inhabitants “ in order that the town may proceed in transact
ing the other affairs mentioned in the W arrant” . . . .
The Meeting adjourned till the afternoon, when it was voted
unanimously:
“ That if the Honble- Continental Congress should for the
Safety of the Colonies, declare them Independent of the King
dom of Great Britain, they the Inhabitants, will solemnly engage,
with their Lives and Fortunes to support them in the M easure.”
On M ay 30, a committee chosen on the twenty-third to draft
instructions made a report to the Town Meeting which “ Passed
in the Affirmative unanimously.” The number who voted is
not stated. The instructions (whose character is indicated by
the following extracts) are found in the Town Records, but not
in the State Archives.
Instructions to the Representatives of the Town of Boston.
G
en tlem en
:
At a time when, in all Probability, the whole United Colo
nies of America are upon the Verge of a glorious Revolution,
& when, consequently, the most important Questions that ever
were agitated b y the Representative Body of this Colony,
touching its internal Police, will demand your Attention; your
Constituents think it necessary to instruct you, in several
Matters, what Part to act, that the Path of Y our D uty may be
plain before you.
We have seen the humble Petitions of these Colonies to the
King of Great Britain repeatedly rejected with Disdain. For
the Prayer of Peace he hath tendered the Sword;— for Lib
erty, Chains,— for Safety, Death. He has licensed the Instru
ments of his hostile Oppressions to rob us of our Property, to
burn our Houses, & to spill our Blood — He has invited every
barbarous Nation, whom he could hope to influence to assist
him in prosecuting those inhumane Purposes. The Prince,
therefore, in Support of whose Crown & Dignity, not many
years since, we would most cheerfully have expended both
Life & Fortune, we are now constrained to consider as the worst
of Tyrants; Loyalty to him is now Treason to our Country.:
W e think it absolutely impracticable for these Colonies to
be ever again subject to, or dependent upon Great Britain,
without endangering the very Existence of the State: — The
* 7 . e. M ay, 1909.
(6)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
especially for the purpose by the people, and furthermore
because it was not prefaced by a bill of rights.
There is reason to believe that a second referendum was
submitted to the Towns of Massachusetts in 1778, in which
their opinion was asked of the proposed Articles of Confeder
ation of the United States. It was ordered by the House of
Representatives on January 19, 1778,
,
article in question authorized and empowered the Legislature:
(1) to require the Towns to maintain at their own expense
public worship and public Protestant teachers of piety, religion
and morality; and (2) to enjoin attendance of all subjects
upon the instructions of such teachers.
On September 4, 1780, the first State election under the new
Constitution was held. There were 12,281 votes cast for G ov
ernor, 600 in Maine, 11,681 in Massachusetts. Maine remained
a part of Massachusetts till 1820. John Hancock was elected
Governor, receiving 11,207 votes or 91.25 per cent of the total
vote for Governor. James Bowdoin, his principal competitor,
received 1,033 votes. On October 25, 1780, the first General
Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts met at the
State House, in Bdston.
When we remember that at the election of 1780 the people
of Massachusetts were free for the first time since 1692 to
elect their Governor, the total vote for Governor seems a light
one; particularly as has been mentioned already the vote on
the acceptance of the Constitution of 1780 appears to -have
exceeded 13,000. Another notable feature of the vote for
Governor in 1780 was the failure of 71 towns, i. e., 24 per cent
of 297 towns to make return of any vote for Governor. Some
76 towns, of which 42 were in Massachusetts, appear not
to have made return of any vote regarding the Constitution
of 1780.
The Sons of the Revolution will do well to note that the
voting habits of their Fathers were rather peculiar.
In Boston, on September 4, 1780, the votes cast for Governor
amounted to 923 (or 36 more than were cast for the Constitu
tion), against 339 for Lieutenant Governor, while the highest
vote cast for a Senator was 275. At an election of Representa
tives on October 11, 1780, the votes for seven of them ranged
between 150 and 181 in a total of 185 present and voting.
The existence of a relatively large stay-at-home vote in Massa
chusetts at an early date is indicated by a total vote for Governor
of 24,588 in 1787 against a total vote of 8,231 in 1786.
In 1786 James Bowdoin was re-elected Governor, having
6,001 votes or 73 per cent of the total vote. In 1787, Bowdoin,
whose course in suppressing Shays’s Rebellion had aroused popu
lar resentment, received only 5,395 or 22 per cent of the vote for
Governor, while his opponent, John Hancock, received 18,459
votes, or 75 per cent of that vote. In 1787 three-fourths of the
House of Representatives and two-thirds of the Senate and Coun
cil were new members and belonged to the “ Opposition” against
Bowdoin. Verily, the Fathers did vote when they were minded to.
The Constitution of 1780 provided for “ collecting the senti
ments” of the qualified voters of the State in 1795 on “ the
necessity or expediency of revising the Constitution, in order
to amendments.”
Accordingly the Legislature referred the
question to the voters in special meetings to be convened on
M ay 6, 1795.
The total vote of the State amounted to 16,324, or 7,999 for,
to 8,325 against, revision. The vote on the referendum equalled
92 per cent of the vote for Governor, which was 17,710. The vote
against revision amounted to 50.9 per cent of the total vote.
The vote in Boston was 78 for and 49 against revision. A
month before, on April 6th, the vote cast for Governor was
2,029, and the vote for Lieutenant Governor 2,048.
The period 1776-1780 is quite unparalled in the annals of
Massachusetts as regards the amount or consideration which
the voters were formally called upon by the Legislature to devote
to constitutional questions. In each of the five years the towns
were called upon to meet to consider such questions, and in 1776
and 1778 they were called on to do so twice. The referenda
relating to the Articles of Confederation and to the Constitutions
of 1778 and 1780 were what may be termed blanket referenda,
inasmuch as they each embodied a series of topics, e. g., the
Constitution of 1780 comprised a preamble, a bill of rights includ
ing 30 articles, and the frame of government including 70 articles.
From this point of view it is fair to say that in no other period of
five years have the referenda, embodied so many and such varied
questions, although the questions demanding yes or no answers
"T h a t the several members of the House (who are not impowered to act upon the proposed Articles of Confederation of the
United States) be directed immediately to write to the Select
men of their respective Towns desiring them forthwith to call
a Meeting of their Inhabitants to Impower their Representa
tives to act upon the proposed Articles of Confederation afore
said.”
On March 10, the Assembly voted to approve the proposed
Articles of Confederation “ as well calculated to secure the
Freedom, Sovereignty and Independence of the United States."
. . . and to instruct the Delegates of Massachusetts in the
Continental Congress “ to subscribe said articles of Confedera
tion and perpetual union as they were recommended by Con
gress,” on certain conditions that need not be detailed here.
The records of the General Court do not enable one to guess
how many towns acted upon the Order of January 19. How
ever, the Town Records of Boston show that on January 21,
1778, that Town voted unanimously to instruct “ the Repre
sentatives of the Town to give their Votes in the General
Assembly that the Delegates of this State may be authorized
to ratify the said Articles of Confederation in order that the
same may become conclusive.”
The House of Representatives resolved on February 20,
1779, to put two questions to the voters of the State as follows:
First: Whether they choose at this time to have a New Con
stitution or Form of Government made?
Second: Whether they will impower their Representatives
for the next year to vote for the calling of a State Convention
for the sole purpose of forming a new Constitution?
On M ay 10 the Boston Town Meeting voted in the affirma
tive on both questions. The vote on the first question was
351 yeas to no nays. The vote on the second question, which
was considered at an adjourned meeting, is not stated in the
record. Twelve delegates from Boston to the convention were
chosen on August 16 and 17.
The House of Representatives, in a Resolve dated June 21,
1779, recommended to the Towns that they choose delegates
to a Constitutional Convention to meet in September:* In this
Resolve it is set forth that returns on the question of Febru
ary 20, had been received from more than two-thirds of the
Towns and that a large majority of the Inhabitants of such
towns had voted in the affirmative.
The Convention met at Cambridge September 1, gftid drew
up a Form of Government which, by a Resolve approved by the
Convention on March 2, 1780, was submitted to the people.
On June 15, 1780, the Convention resolved “ That the people
of Massachusetts have accepted the Constitution as it stands,
in the printed form submitted to their revision.” On June
16, the Convention dissolved. No official statement can be
found as to the whole number of votes for and against the
Constitution. Certain schedules summarizing the returns from
the Towns, that are alluded to in the Proceedings of the Con
vention of 1779-1780, have disappeared. Such returns as
are extant appear to be incomplete. It seems probable that
at least 13,000 votes, 12,000 yeas and 1,000 nays, were cast on
acceptance of Article I. of the Bill of Rights.
The Boston Town Meeting having considered the proposed
Constitution paragraph by paragraph on M ay 3 and M ay 4,
1780, voted on M ay 8 to accept the Constitution as a whole
(“ except the 3d Article of the Bill of Rights and the 2d Article
o f the 1st Chapter relative to the mode of Electing Senators” )
by a vote of 886 yeas to 1 nay. Tw o days were then devoted
to the Third Article of the Bill of Rights, which being amended
was finally accepted by a vote of 420 yeas to 140 nays. The
(7)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
in certain periods appear at first sight not to warrant such a state
ment. For instance, 14 proposed amendments were voted upon
on April 9, 1821
The people of Massachusetts, having secured a constitution to
their liking, were content to leave it unchanged for forty years.
Since 1820, one article in the Bill of Rights and 30 articles in the
Constitution have been altered through the ratification of 37
amendments. In altering the Constitution the people have acted
with much discrimination and have shown their dislike of whole
sale or headlong changes.
But two conventions to revise the Constitution have been
held. The first, held in 1821, proposed fourteen distinct amend
ments of which only nine were ratified, although several of the
rejected amendments were accepted in later years.
The Second Constitutional Convention, that of 1853, sub
mitted eight “ propositions” to be answered by Yes or No.
That numbered “ on e” was a blanket referendum, covering what
was in effect a revised constitution embodying many radical
changes; the other seven were categorical propositions. How
ever, all of the eight were rejected.
The impolicy of asking the voters to say yes or no to a com
plicated proposition involving several unrelated questions, as in
the case of “ Proposition One of 1853,” seems to have been recog
nized by the Massachusetts Legislature. A t any rate since 1853
it has refrained from submitting blanket or alternative referenda
to the voters of the State. But its course has been less consistent
in submitting special acts to individual cities for their approval
or disapproval, numerous revised charters having been submitted
en bloc.
In 1851, however, an act providing (1) for the election of one
alderman from each ward instead of twelve at large, and (2)
for the election of two assistant assessors from each ward was
submitted to the voters of Boston. The act was rejected by a
vote of 6,966 nays to 4,519 yeas.
In 1852, an act embodying four distinct questions to be voted
on separately was submitted to the voters o f Boston. Ques
tions 1 and 2 were exactly the same as those submitted in the
act of 1851 and were again rejected; the vote on “ Question 1 ”
being 5,070 nays to 4,903 yeas, and that on “ Question 2 ” being
5,102 nays to 4,866 yeas. But “ Question 3 ” was approved by
a vote of 9,784 yeas to 155 nays, and “ Question 4 ” by a vote of
9,706 yeas to 147 nays. If the voters in 1852 had been restricted
to voting yea or nay on the act as a whole, it seems altogether
probable, judging from their action in 1851, that they would
have rejected the act of 1852 in toto.
As the best available means of indicating the degree of interest
shown by the voters of Massachusetts and of Boston in the
referenda submitted since the election of the first governor of
the State, we have prepared Table I which shows — Firstly:
(1) the character of the 59 referenda submitted to the voters
of Massachusetts in the period, 1780-1907; (2) the number of
votes cast for and against each referendum, and (3) the total
vote cast for Governor in each year when a referendum was
submitted; secondly, the same facts for Boston as are set forth
for the State; and thirdly: A — the per cent of the vote on each
referendum to the vote for Governor, in each year covered by
the table: (1) in the State, (2) in Boston, and (3) in the State
outside of Boston; and B — the per cent of the major vote on
each referendum to the total vote cast on each referendum: (1)
in the State, (2) in Boston, and (3) in the State outside of
Boston.
A t first sight, the most obvious fact that is disclosed by
inspection of the table is the wide, not to say violent, fluctuations
in the votes cast on the various referenda, and in the correspond
ing degrees of interest expressed by the per cents, given under
A and B, respectively. But on closer inspection, if due consid
eration be given to the character of the individual referenda
it becomes fairly clear that the voters manifested both sagacity
and discrimination in voting with most emphasis on the most
important of the questions to be considered.
The per cent of vote on referendum to vote for Governor
affords a measure of the interest in referenda as compared with
that in the contest for Governor. A few of the occasions when
a relatively large vote was evoked in the State by referenda are
noted below.
In 1780, on approval or disapproval of Article I. of the Bill of
Rights, the per cent was 105.9 of the vote for Governor.
In 1853, when all of the eight “ propositions” recommended
by the convention of that year were rejected, the per cents
ranged between 101.8 on accepting the revised Bill of Rights
and Constitution to 100.8 on enlarging the powers of juries in
criminal causes. In 1851, on the question of holding a consti
tutional convention (which was negatived) the per cent was 92.4
and in 1852, when it was voted to hold one, the per cent was
90.7 as compared with 34.4 in 1820 and 92.2 in 1795, when the
same questions were up.
In 1895, on the expediency of granting municipal suffrage to
women (which was negatived) the per cent was 83.5.
In 1885, on the question of forbidding the manufacture of
intoxicating drinks (settled in the negative), the per cent was 82.2.
The lowest per cents in this class are found in 1860 on the
question of establishing methods for filling vacancies (1) in the
Senate and (2) in the Council, the per cent being 3.3 in each case.
The extremely light interest in these referenda may be accounted
for largely by the fact that there was a Presidential election in
1860, and that the vote for Governor, which resulted in the first
election of John A. Andrew was phenomenally large.
In a number of cases the major vote exceeded the minor vote
b y a narrow margin, as is shown by per cents given under B “ In
State” in the table. Thus, the vote in 1821 to authorize the
Legislature to grant city charters was only 50.1 of the total vote.
In 1853, the corresponding per cent (against abolishing imprison
ment for debt) was 50.9; and that against forbidding the expendi
ture of public moneys for the support of sectarian schools was
50.2. It may be noted that in 1855 the last mentioned proposal
was approved, when the per cent of the major vote to the total
vote on the question amounted to 87.3 in a year when the total
vote on the referendum amounted to only 14.7 of the vote for
Governor.
The following are instances in which the major vote greatly
exceeded the minor vote: In 1780, it was 92.3 per cent in favor
of Article I. of the Bill of Rights.
In 1833, the per cent was 90.8 on changing Article III. of the
Bill of Rights so as to felieve the Towns from paying for the
support of ministeres of piety, religion and morality. In 1821,
the same proposition was rejected when the per cent of.the major
vote was 63.9 of the whole vote.
In 1857, on the question of changing the method of appor
tioning senators (which was accepted) the per cent, was 88.4.
In 1821 a similar proposal was rejected, the major vote being
67.7 per cent, of the total vote.
The Constitution of Massachusetts adopted by a referendum
in 1780 was a remarkable instrument in many ways. Not only,
did it express the wish and will of the people more fully and
explicitly than any constitution or charter then possessed by
any State; but it was the first constitution to be framed by a
convention chosen expressly b y the people for that purpose,
and then ratified by the people in their town meetings, after
deliberate discussion. This constitution has been character
ized “ as the most perfect expression of the American theory as
understood at the close of the Revolution.” It served as the
model for the Federal Constitution of 1787 and later for the
conventions called to revise the first State constitutions several
of which had been hurriedly adopted b y a State Assembly in
1776 and 1778.
However., the point to be most particularly emphasized here
is that the Constitution of 1780 marked the triumph of the
advocates of popular sovereignty over the party of preroga
tive and privilege that had striven for a century and a half to
keep a preponderant place for the Magistrates in the govern
ment of the Colony, the Province, and the State of Massachu
setts.
(8)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
M ASSA CH U SETTS,
Year.
Nature of Question Submitted.
1639-1779.
jJ
IN
Approval of the Body of Liberties...................
1643
1
1
Total.
-
Approval of Articles of New England Con-
1644
1
1
1639
Rejected
OF R E F E R E N D A
Accepted.
SU M M ARY
T o the writer it appears that the germ of the Constitution
of Massachusetts is to be found in the vaguely phrased provi
sions of the Charter granted by Charles I, in 1629, to the Gover
nor and Company of Massachusetts Bay, because upon the
disputed meaning of those provisions the freeman of the Colony
based their insistent demands for the recognition and exercise
of their charter rights. The forces which served to quicken that
germ and the circumstances whereby its growth and develop
ment were conditioned, till the Commonwealth of Massachusetts
was evolved from the original quasi-trading corporation, deserve
fuller and more critical study than they have received as yet
from the devotees o f modern political science. A clear, complete
and convincing story of the origin and development of our frame
of government is still to seek. When that story shall be ade
quately told, the part played b y the constitutional referendum
as an organ for giving expression to the mind and will ot the
people will doubtless be assigned a more prominent and impor
tant place than has been accorded it hitherto.
In the foregoing pages 74 referenda have been cited. Fiftynine of them, relating to the adoption or amendment of the
Constitution of 1780, are included in Table I. The nature of
the remaining 15, is indicated in the following summary of the
questions referred to the people in the period 1639-1779.
Election of Deputies by Counties instead
1
1644
Providing Compensation for Magistrates
and Deputies.........................................................
Reducing Number of Deputies to One from
16 8 9 .........
Resumption of Charter Revoked in 1684.........
1689
Compensation for Damages Done b y the
M ob in B oston......................................................
Approval of Declaration of Independence___
1
1
1
1
Further Consideration of the Above Ques-
1765
?
1
1647
?
1
1
1776.........
1776
1777
1778
Permitting Council and House of Repre
sentatives to Frame a Constitution.............
Instructing Representatives to Act with
Council in Framing a Constitution.............
Approval of Articles of Confederation of
the United States................................................
1
1
1
_
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
_
_
1
1
1
1
1
-
1
11
3
15
1778 .........
1779
1779
T o Determine whether the People Desire a
New Constitution................................................
Shall the Representatives call a Constitu
tional Convention?..............................................
1
1
APPENDIX.
I.
Changes Effected by Amendments of the Constitution.
The following review of the principal changes wrought in
the Constitution of 1780 by the amendments adopted since
1820 may help us towards reaching a just estimate of the effi
cacy o f the constitutional referendum as a means of ascer
taining the sentiments of the people of Massachusetts touching
the organic law of their Commonwealth.
As a whole the Constitution has undergone no very radical
changes either in its essence or structure in one hundred and
thirty years; although religious and property tests have been
abolished, manhood suffrage established, and the sphere of the
electorate notably enlarged.
As is well known, the original draft both of the Bill of Rights
and of the Frame of Government — all but the third Article
of the Bill of Rights — was written by John Adams.
That
article as originally reported was entirely erased by the con
vention, and “ after several days spent in discussion . . . .
the subject was recommitted to a committee of seven with the
Reverend Mr. Alden, as the Chairman, who reported the
substitute which was finally adopted, in an amended form, and
after long debates.” (Works of John Adams, Vol. IV., page
222 .)
The article, as recommended by the convention, met with
much opposition among the people but was ratified by a
sufficient vote; whose size cannot be accurately stated, owing
to the incomplete and defective character of the returns that
have come down to us. Attention was called above on page
7 to the prolonged debate and considerable opposition
evoked by that article in the Boston Town Meeting in May,
1780.
Article III. authorized and required the Legislature “ to
require the several towns, etc., to make suitable provision, at
their own expense, for the institution of the public worship of
God, and for the special support and maintenance of public
Protestant teachers of piety, religion, and morality, in all
cases where such provision shall not be made voluntarily.
And the people of this Commonwealth . . . . do invest
their Legislature with authority to enjoin upon all the sub
jects an attendance upon the instructions of such public
teachers aforesaid, at stated times and seasons, if there be
any on whose instructions they can conscientiously and con
veniently attend.”
Number One of the proposed Amendments, submitted to
the people on April 9, 1821, was intended to do away with the
provisions of Article III. (See Number 4, Table I.) It was
rejected by a vote of 19,547, to 11,065 in the State, while Boston,
gave 1,768 votes for the amendment to 888 against it.
In 1833, the present Article X I . of Amendments, which
contains no provision to authorize the public support of any
clergy or to require attendance upon their instructions, but
which does expressly forbid the “ subordination of any sect or
denomination to another,” was substituted, for Article III.,
Bill of Rights. The vote for the Amendment was 32,354 to
3,272 against in the State, and in Boston, 2,007, for to 345
against (see Number 19, Table I).
W e have in the votes on these referenda relating to Article
III. of the Bill of Rights notable and significant evidence of the
growth of public opinion in 50 years, as affecting the people’s
law. In 1780 of the total vote cast in Boston on Article III.,
25 per cent only was against it. In 1821, 66.6 per cent of the
vote cast was for annulling the article; while in the rest of the
State 66.7 per cent of those who voted on the matter voted to
retain the article and the public support of the Protestant
Clergy. Whereas in 1833, of the vote cast on the referendum,
the radical substitute for the article received, 90.8 per cent
in the State, 85.3 in Boston, and 91.2 per cent in the State,
outside of Boston.
Under the original Constitution none but “ male inhabitants
twenty-one years of age and upwards, having a freehold estate
within the Commonwealth of the annual income of £3, or any
estate of the value of £6 0” were allowed to vote for governor,
lieutenant governor, senators, and representatives. In 1821,
by the acceptance of Article III. — Amendments, the above
mentioned property qualification was abolished and the right
to vote at State elections was accorded “ every male citizen of
twenty-one years and upwards, excepting paupers and persons
under guardianship . . . and who shall have paid any state
or county tax assessed within two years preceding such election.”
This amendment received 95.5 per cent of the vote cast on the
(9)
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
for it, while 57.5 per cent of the -fote in Boston was against it.
(See Number 18, Table I.)
In 1855, the date of the State Election was changed to the
Tuesday after the first M onday in November (as it is at present)
by Article X V .— Amendments, on which 19,856 votes were cast
at a special election in May, or 14.5 per cent of the vote for
governor in the following November. But of the vote on the
amendment 86.1 per cent were for it.
(See Number 33,
Table I.)
From 1780 till 1855, when Article X IV .— Amendments was
adopted, a majority of all the votes cast was requisite for the
election of State officers. Article X I V which is still in force
provided that “ in all elections of civil officers by the people of
this Commonwealth . . . the person having the highest number
of votes shall be deemed and declared to be elected. ”
The vote on the referendum amounted to 14.6 per cent of
the vote for governor in the State, and to 18.2 in Boston. The
major vote on the referendum was 80.5 per cent of the total
in Boston against 73.4 per cent in the rest of the State. (See
Number 32, Table I.)
Originally the constitutional apportionment of senators
was based upon the “ proportion of public taxes paid” by the
several senatorial districts; while the apportionment of repre
sentatives was based upon the number of ratable polls found
in a town.
In 1821, an Amendment providing (1) for the reduction of the
number of Senators from 40 to 36 and of the Councillors from
9 to 7— (2) the substitution of number of inhabitants for ratable
polls as the basis for apportioning representatives; and (3 )chang
ing the election of Councillors from election by the General
Court to election b y the people, called forth a vote of 30,633,
against a vote of 49,086 for governor. It was rejected, the vote
against it in the State being 67.7 per cent of the total vote;
although 62.0 per cent of the vote in Boston was for it. (See
Number 8, Table I.)
In 1836, by the adoption of Article X I I .— Amendments, it
was provided that a decennial census of ratable polls should be
taken in May, 1837, (and every tenth year thereafter) as a
basis for the apportionment of representatives. This refer
endum called forth a vote of 46,473, in the State, or 59.3 per.
cent of the vote for governor.
The per cent of the major
vote to total vote on the referendum was 74.7 in the State,
but only 52.6 in Boston. (See Number 20, Table I.)
In 1840, Article X I I I — Amendments was ratified b y a vote
of 24,884, to 4,912 in the State, the major vote being 83.5 of the
total, although the vote on the referendum was only 23.4 per
cent of the vote for governor. In Boston the vote on referen
dum was 11.1 per cent of the vote for governor, although 88.3
per cent of the vote on the referendum was in its favor. (See
Number 21, Table I.)
Article X III. provided for a census of the inhabitants in 1840,
and decennially thereafter, to determine the apportionment of
Senators and Representatives for intercensal periods of ten years.
Article X III. was amended, in 1857, by Articles X X I . and
X X I I .— Amendments which provided for a census as of M ay 1,
1857, of the legal voters, and a census in 1865, and every tenth
year thereafter, of both inhabitants and legal voters, the number of
legal voters in each case to determine the number of senators and
representatives for the intercensal periods (as it is at present).
The referenda on these two amendments were submitted at a
special election in M ay, at which the vote was 29 per cent of the
total vote which was cast later at the State Election for Governor.
In Boston the corresponding per cent was 35. Of the vote on
these referenda, 95 per cent was favorable in Boston; and in
the State outside Boston 81.6 per cent of the vote on Article
X X I . was favorable, while on Article X X I I I 87.4 per cent was
favorable. (See Numbers 39 and 40, Table I.)
In 1856, by Article X V I.— Amendments, provision was made
for the election of eight councillors (the present number) “ by
inhabitants qualified to vote for Governor” ; and for the division
of the State into eight councillor districts, the basis of apportion
referendum in Boston and 61.7 per cent in the rest of the State.
(See Number 9, Table I.)
In 1891, Article X X X I I .— Amendments, abolished the pro
vision of Amendment III as to the payment of a tax as a pre
requisite to voting. In Boston the vote on the referendum
was 66.7 per cent of the vote for governor, and in the rest of
the State, 60.6 per cent of that vote. Of the total vote cast on
the referendum, 82.4 per cent, was for it, and in the rest of the
State 70.6 per cent. (See Number 51, Table I.)
In 1857, b y Article X X .— Amendments, the right to vote
or hold office was denied to voters unable to read and write.
(See Number 38, Table I.)
Article X X I I I .— Amendments, was adopted in 1859. It
forbade the voting or holding of office by naturalized citizens
unless resident in the United States for two years after naturali
zation. On the referendum, at a special election in M ay, the
total vote in the State was only 32.9 per cent of the vote cast in
the following November for governor, the major vote for the
amendment being 57.8 per cent of the total vote in the State on
the referendum. (See Number 41, Table I.) This Twentythird Amendment, was annulled in April, 1863, by Article
X X V I.— Amendments, when the vote on the referendum
amounted in the State to but 16.1 per cent of the vote cast for
governor in the ensuing November. However, the major vote
for the referendum amounted to 62.3 per cent of the total vote
in the State. (See Number 44, Table I.)
Article X X V I I I .— Amendments exempted honorably dis
charged soldiers and sailors of the United State's from disfran
chisement for pauperism or non-payment of a poll tax. This
referendum, accepted at the State election of 1881, evoked a
vote in the State equal to only 31.9 per cent of the vote cast for
governor at the same election. Of the vote on the referendum
60.0 per cent was for it. (See Number 46, Table I.)
Article X X X I .— Amendments, ratified November 8, 1891,
relieved soldiers and sailors “ receiving aid” — from the desig
nation of “ pauper.” . The vote on this referendum in the State,
was 44.5 per cent of the vote for governor, but the major vote
was 78.8 per cent of the vote on the referendum. (See Number
50, Table I.)
On the referendum as to the Expediency of Granting M unic
ipal Suffrage to Women, which was defeated at the State elec
tion of 1895, the vote on the referendum, in Boston, equalled
86.8 per cent and in the rest of the State 82.6 per cent of the
vote for governor on the same day. (See Table I., Number 56.)
The Constitution originally provided:
A. That Senate and House of Representatives should
assemble every year on the last Wednesday of M ay (the begin
ning of the political year).
B. That the annual election for governor, lieutenant-gov
ernor and “ forty persons to be councillors and senators ” should
be held on the first M onday in April.
C. That the annual election for representatives should be
held in M ay, at least ten days before the last Wednesday.
D. That nine Councillors should be chosen annually on the
last Wednesday in M ay from among the persons returned to
be Senators by the joint ballot of Senators and Representatives
assembled in one room.
Of the 14 amendments referred to the people on April 9,
1821, that proposed for changing the beginning of the political
year to the first Wednesday in January, and the date of the
State Election to the second M onday of November, evoked
the largest vote, viz., 30,892, or 62.9 per cent of the vote for
governor. It was rejected, the vote against it being 54.1 per
cent of the vote on the referendum.
(See Number 5, Table I.)
In 1831, Article X .— Amendments was adopted at the State
Election. It changed: (1) the beginning of the political year
to the first Wednesday in January (as it is at present); and (2)
the date of the elections of senators and representatives to the
second M onday of November. The referendum called forth a
vote in the State of 25,711, equal to 52.6 of the vote for governor.
Of the vote on the referendum in the State, 75.6 per cent was
(10)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
ment to be the number of inhabitants enumerated at the decennial
census. (See Number 34, Table I.)
In 1856, by the adoption of Article X V II.— Amendments, it
was provided that the secretary, treasurer, auditor and attorney
general (originally chosen b y joint ballot of Senators and Repre
sentatives in one room) should be elected by the people at the
State Election. (See Number 35, Table I.).
Originally, to be eligible to the office of governor, or lieutenant
governor, a man had (1) to be “ seized in his own right of a free
hold of the value of £1,000 and (2) to “ declare himself of the
Christian religion.” Article V II.— Amendments, in 1821,
annulled the second requirement, by providing that only the
simplified oath of allegiance (as specified in Article V I.— Amend
ments adopted also in 1821) should be exacted of State Officers.
(See Numbers 14 and 15, Table I.) The first requirement, as to
property, remained in force till 1892, when it was annulled by
Article X X X I V .— Amendments. (See Number 53, Table I.)
The vote in the State, on Article V I. in 1821, was 54.6 per cent
of the vote for governor, and that on Article V II, 53.5. In
II.
£200.
B y Article X I I I .— Amendments, adopted in 1840, all property
qualifications for “ holding a seat in either branch of the general
court, or in the executive council were abolished.” The vote on
the referendum was less than 25 per cent of the vote for governor,
both in Boston and the rest of the State; but the vote for the
amendment was over 80 per cent of the vote cast thereon both
in Boston and the rest of the State. (See Number 21, Table I.)
Referenda on Separation of Maine from Massachusetts.
For the sake of completeness the following account ■'of the
principal stages of the popular movement which led to the
Separation of Maine from Massachusetts is introduced here;
because the referendum played an important part in that move
ment.
From the beginning of the provincial period, in 1692, till M ay
15, 1820, when the District of M ai*e became the State of Maine,
the people of Maine formed a constituent part of the people of
Massachusetts, and the voters of Maine were as much concerned
pari passu as the voters of Massachusetts in all questions referred
to the Towns by the General Court.
Agitation began in Maine as early as 1785, for the separation
of that District from Massachusetts. A conference of 33 dele
gates from 20 towns met at Falmouth and, having organized
as a Convention, agreed upon an Address to the People calling
upon them to send delegates to a Convention to meet in January,
1786. The Second Falmouth Convention met accordingly on
January 4, 1786, drew up a list of grievances, and called upon the
Towns to vote upon a memorial to the General Court asking for
separation. The Convention assembled again on June 3, 1787,
when it appeared that 24 towns had voted for separation and 8
against it. Of 994 votes returned 645 were for separation and
349 against it. Williamson, in his History of Maine, says that
in 1787 there were 93 towns in Maine, of which 53 were not
represented at either session of the Falmouth Convention.
However, the Convention sent a petition for separation to the
General Court of 1787 which being duly received was referred
to a committee. The General Court assumed a conciliatory
attitude and passed various measures for the benefit o f Maine
and the agitation so far quieted down that the Falmouth Conven
tion died of inanition in September, 1788.
In response to a Memorial of the Senators and Representa
tives from Maine, the General Court passed a Resolve, on March
6, 1792 (Chapter 135 Resolves 1791, January Session) author
izing the calling together of the inhabitants of Maine by the
Selectmen for the purpose of giving in their votes on the question
of separation,— returns to be made into the Secretary’s office on
or before the second Wednesday in June, 1792.
N o official statement of the returns can be found, but the
returns from 88, towns, plantations and districts which are pre
served in the Massachusetts Archives, show that 50 voted for
and 38 against separation; while the popular vote was 2,037
yeas to 2,448 nays.
Again in 1803, sixty-four towns in the District of Maine
petitioned the Legislature “ to take such measures as they might
deem wise and effectual for obtaining the sense of the people of
said District upon the question of forming the same into a sepa
rate State.” The records of the General Court do not enable one
1892 the corresponding vote on Article X X X I V was 52.4.
In
1892 the amendment was passed by a majority of more than twothirds both in Boston and the rest of the State; but in 1821 the
State outside Boston voted to retain the religious test by 943
majority, while Boston voted to abolish it by 2,245 majority.
Originally only persons having a freehold estate of the value
of £300 at the least, or personal estate valued at £600 or of both
to the value of £600 were eligible to the office of senator or to
that of councillor. Eligibility to the office of representative
was conditioned on the possession of “ a freehold of £100 within
the town to be represented,” or any ratable estate valued at
to say what reply was made to the petition of 1803. Probably
some conciliatory action was taken as in 1787.
Chapter 45 — Massachusetts Resolves of 1807, passed Feb
ruary 19, 1807, provided that “ the inhabitants of Maine, qual
ified to vote in the choice of Representatives or Senators to the
General C ourt” should assemble on the first M onday of M ay,
1807, and give in their votes on the following questions: “ Shall
the Senators and Representatives of the District of Maine make
• application to the Legislature for their consent to a separation
of the District of Maine from the Commonwealth of Massachu
setts, and that the same may be erected into a State?” Action
was taken accordingly and the question was decided in the nega
tive by a vote of 9,404 nays to 3,370 yeas. The total vote on the
referendum, viz., 12,774 amounted to 67.8 per cent of 18,836j
the total vote for governor in 1807. The major vote on the
referendum was 73.6 per cent of the total vote.
On M ay 20, 1816, in accordance with Chapter 147, Massa
chusetts Resolves of 1816, the qualified voters of Maine again
voted on the question of requesting the Legislature “ to give its
consent to the separation of the District of Maine from Massa
chusetts proper.” The returns showed a majority of 6,491 for
separation in a total vote of 17,075, out of a total of 37,938 qual
ified voters. In 1816, the total vote for governor was 28,356;
therefore the vote on the referendum (which was 45.0 per cent
of the whole number of qualified voters) amounted to 60.2 per
cent of the gubernatorial vote; while the major vote on the
referendum, viz., 10,584, was 62.0 per cent of the total vote
thereon.
On the strength of the vote of M ay 20, for separation, the
Massachusetts Legislation passed Chapter 41, Acts of 1816
which authorized the inhabitants of Maine entitled to vote for
senators “ to choose delegates (on the first M onday in September)
to a Convention to assemble at Brunswick on the last Monday
in September, 1816.” On the first Monday of September the
voters were to make answer to the following question: Is it
expedient that the District of Maine shall be separated from
Massachusetts and become an independent State?” The A ct
further reads: “ And if it shall appear to said Convention that a
majority of five to four at least of the votes returned are in favor
of said District’s becoming an independent State, then and not
otherwise, said Convention shall proceed to form a constitution.”
Accordingly, on the first M onday of September, the voters (1)
chose a Convention and (2) declared for separation by a vote of
11,969 to 10,347, the major vote being 53.6 per cent of the total
vote, 22,316. The total vote equalled 78.7 per cent of the vote
in 1816 for governor.
The Convention, although the majority for the referendum
was but 1,622, in all votes cast, figured out that “ the whole
(11)
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
aggregate majorities in favor of separation was 6,031 against
the whole aggregate majorities opposed of 4,409” and began
the work of framing a constitution.
But the Legislature
decided that the Convention had misconstrued the A ct; that
the requisite majority of five to four in all votes cast had not
been given; and that the powers of the Convention were at
an end.
B y Chapter 161, Acts of 1819, the Massachusetts Legis
lature consented to the erection of Maine into an independent
State, if on the fourth M onday of July, 1819, the voters of
Maine should declare their desire for separation b y a majority
of 1,500 in all votes cast. On August 24, 1819, the Governor
of Massachusetts, in accordance with the A ct issued a proclama
tion; (1) setting forth the results of the referendum in July —
when 17,091 votes were cast for separation and 7,132 against
it; and (2) calling on the people of Maine to choose delegates to a
Constitutional Convention to meet at Portland on the second
M onday in October to frame a constitution and submit it to the
people for ratification.
The Constitution framed b y the Convention was ratified by
the people, on December 6, 1819, the vote being 9,040 in favor
to 7.96 opposed.
There were 1,062 other votes (985 yeas and 77
nays) thrown out as not legally returned.
The Constitution
took effect on March 15, 1820.
The total vote on the referendum of July, 1819, viz., 24,223
amounted to 101.9 per cent of 23,763 the vote cast for governor
in M ay, 1819; while the total vote in December on ratifying
the Constitution, viz., 9,836 amounted to only 41.4 per cent
of that vote.
If the 1,062 votes thrown out, which were mostly
tardy returns, are included, the vote on ratification amounted
to only 45.0 per cent of the vote for governor; but it is fair to
suppose that the conditions in July were more favorable “ to
getting out the v o te ” than they were in December.
Of the total vote on the referendum in July, the major vote
amounted to 70.6 per cent. Of the total vote cast on ratifi
cation, viz., 9,836, the major vote equalled 91.9 per cent.
According to the third Federal Census, Massachusetts had
523,287 inhabitants in 1820, and 7,800 square miles of Territory;
and Maine had 298,335 inhabitants and 42,800 square miles
of Territory. Therefore, by the separation of Maine from
Massachusetts the latter parted with 36.3 per cent of her popula
tion and 84.6 per cent of her territory.
It may be noted that the question of consenting to the erection
of Maine into an independent State was not submitted to the
people of Massachusetts proper. Furthermore, when on June
16, 1819, a motion was made in the House of Representatives
to amend the Bill (which on June 19, became — Chapter 161,
Acts of 1819) “ so as to take the opinion of the whole Common
wealth,” it was rejected by 168 nays to 83 yeas. On June 17,
the vote on engrossment was 193 yeas to 59 nays.
The Maine Constitution of 1820 although modelled in general
upon the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780, was a more liberal
and democratic instrument in certain respects. Thus, it con
tained no provision for the public support of the clergy,— Protes
tant or other. The address put forth b y the Convention, in
recommending the Constitution to the people, characterized
the doctrine embodied in the much controverted Article III
of the Massachusetts Bill of Rights, as one “ which though pro
fessing much is utterly nugatory in practice.” The Constitution
made members of the Council elective, b y both branches of the
Legislature, from among the people; and based the apportion
ment of senators upon population, instead of upon the propor
tionate amount of taxes paid by the several districts. It
contained no property or religious qualifications for voting or
holding office. The office of Lieutenant Governor was omitted.
It obviated the necessity of calling a Constitutional Convention
by providing that proposed articles of amendment to the organic
law should be submitted to the people if previously passed by
both branches of the Legislature.
The per cent of votes cast in a contest, or on a referendum,
to the votes that might have been cast had all the registered
voters voted, i e., the per cent of the actual to the possible
vote may be termed for convenience, the Per Cent of Interest.
When the Per Cent of Interest can be determined it appears
to the writer to constitute the most satisfactory criterion whereby
to estimate the relative interest of voters in respect to referenda
and electoral contests. But as has been stated already, the
Per Cent of Interest shown by the voters of Massachusetts
before 1890 cannot be determined without enormous labor.
TABLE I.
VOTES IN M ASSACH USETTS AND BOSTON ON STATE REFERENDA
AND FOR GOVERNOR,
1780=1907.
P ercen tages
VOTE OF STATE ON
R eferendum
Date
vote of
V ote of
b o st o n on
V ote o f
R eferendum
St a t e f o r
Ob j e c t o f R e f e r e n d u m
F or
Against
Bo s t o n f o b
Governor
s
55
13
B .—Majority Vote on
A .— Vote on Referendum Referendum to Total Vote
to Vote fo r G overnor
on Same
R e s u l t in
Governor
Total
For
Against
In
Total
S tate
u
In
Boston
In
State
Outside
Boston
St a t e
In
Outside
Boston B o sto n
1.
17S0
Adoption o f the Constitution.................................
12,000
1,000
13,000
12,281
887
887
923
105.9
96.1
106.6
02.3
100.0
91.7
Accepted..
2.
1795
E xpediency o f Revising the Constitution...........
7,999
8,325
16,324
17,710
78
49
127
2,029
*92.2
6.2
*103.3
*51.0
61.4
*51.1
Rejected..
3 ..
1820. Aug. 21, tW hether a Constitutional Convention Shall Be
H eld ............................................................................
11,756
6,593
18,349
63,297
1,029
50
1,079
5,209
34.4
20.7
35.9
64.1
95.4
62.1
A ccepted..
4 ..
1821. A prl
A,
T o A bolish Support, by the Towns, o f P ro
testant Ministers and Ktuuired Attendance
upon the Instructions o f the C lergy............
11,065
19,517
30,612
49,086
1,768
888
2,656
4,399
*62.4
G .4
O
*82.6
*63.9
66.6
*66.7
R ejected...
S..
1821.
A pril
9,
T o Change the Political Year and Date o f State
E lection .....................................................................
14,164
16,728
30,892
49,086
1,515
1,133
2,648
4,399
*62.9
60.2
*63.2
*54.1
57.2
*55.2
R ejected ...
6 ..
1821. April
9,
To Forbid Bills Unsigned after Adjournm ent
o f General Court to Become L aw s.....................
17,94!)
10,709
28,658
49,086
2,553
90
2,652
4,399
58.4
60.3
58.2
62.6
96.3
59.2
Article I ...
7 ..
1821. A pril
a.
T o Em power the Legislature to Grant City
Charters....................................................................
14,308
14,306
28,674
49,086
2,462
1S5
2,647
4,399
58.4
60.2
*68.2
60.1
93.0
*54.3
Article II..
May
6,
-
8 ..
18-21. A pril
9,
T o Change Method o f Electing Senators, Repre
sentatives and C ouncillors..................................
9,904
20,729
30,633
49,086
1,642
1,006
2,648
4,399
*62.4
60.2
*62.6
*67.7
62.0
*70.6
R ejected_
_
9 ..
1821. A pril
a,
To A bolish Property Qualification fo r V oters..
18,702
10,150
28,852
49,086
2,526
118
2,644
4,399
58.8
60.1
68.7
64.8
95.5
61.7
A rticle I I I .
10..
1S21. April
»,
T o Authorize Appointm en t o f Notaries Public
by the G overn or.....................................................
14,174
13,517
27,691
49,086
1,826
832
2,658
4,399
56.4
60.4
*56.0
51.2
68.7
*50.7
A rticle IV .
11..
1821. April
T o Allow All Members o f Militia to Vote for
their Captains and Subalterns............................
22,726
6,444
29,170
49,086
2,410
238
2,648
4,399
59.4
60 2
59.4
77.9
91.0
76.6
A rticle V ..
26,989
49,086
1,771
888
2,659
4,399
*55.0
60.4
*54.5
*53.8
66.6
*56.0
Rejected..
12..
1821. A pril
9,
To Em pow er G overnor to Remove Justices o f
the Peace and to P rohibit Referring Certain
Questions to Supreme Court................................
12,471
14,518
13..
1821. A pril
9,
T o A llow Overseers o f Harvard College Free
Choice in Election o f Ministers to their
B o a r d .........................................................................
8,020
20,123
28,143
49,086
1,419
1,230
2,649
4,399
*57.3
60.2
*57.1
*71.5
53.6
*74.1
R ejected ....
14..
1821. April
0,
To Sim plify the Oath o f A llegian ce.....................
17,552
9,214
26,796
49,0S6
2,504
129
2,633
4,399
54.6
69.9
64.1
65.5
95.1
62.3
Article V I.,
16..
1821. A pril
9,
T o Require N o Other Oath than that o f A lle
giance o f A ny Civil or Military O fficer...........
13,782
12,480
26,262
49,066
2,442
197
2,639
4,399
53.5
60.0
*52.9
53l5
92.5
*52.0
A rticle V I I .......
16.. 1821. A pril
»,
T o Make Judges (excep t o f Court o f Sessions)
and Ollicials o f United States (except Post
masters) In eligible to State Offices....................
18,048
8,412
26,460
49,086
2,558
85
2,643
4,399
53.9
60.1
53,3
68.2
96.8
65.0
A rticle V I I I _
_
17..
1821. A p ril
0.
T o P rovide that P roposed Am endments o f Con
stitution must be Passed b y T w o Successive
Legislatures before Subm ission to the People.
IB,325
11,661
27,986
49,086
2,458
194
2,652
4,399
57.0
60.3
56.7
58.3
92.7
54.7
Article IX.,
18..
1831. May 11.
To Change th e P olitical Y ear and Date o f State
E lection......................................................................
19,434
6,277
25,711
48,895
1,115
1,509
2,624
4,255
52.6
*61.7
51.7
75.6
*57.5
79.3
A rticle X . .,
19..
1833. Nov. 11.
To A bolish Support by Tow n s o f Ministers and
the Required A ttendance upon tlie Instruc
tions o f C lergym en ................................................
32,354
3,272
35,626
62,474
2,007
346
2,353
5,686
57.0
41.4
58.6
90.8
85.3
91.2
Article X I...
20..
1836. Nov
T o Change the Basis o f Apportioning Mem
bers o f the General C ou rt...................................
34,719
11,754
46,473
78,389
2,957
2,666
5,623
7,628
59.3
73.7
57.7
74.7
52.6
77.8
Article XII..
T o Require a D ecennial Census o f Inhabitants
for Determining A pportionm ent o f Senator*
and Representatives...............................................
24,884
4,912
29,796
127,315
1,139
151
1,290
11,589
23.4
11.1
24.6
83.5
88.3
83.3
A rticle X I I I ....
14,
Mar. 10,
21..
1840.
22..
1851. Nov.
10,
On E xpediency o f H olding a Constitutional
Convention................................................................
23..
1852. Nov.
».
On E xped iency o f H olding a Constitutional
60,972
65,846
126,818
137,187
3,854
7,172
11,026
12,339
*92.4
*89.4
*92.7
*51.9
•65.0
*60.7
R ejected...........
66,416
59,111
125,527
138,436
3,518
6,456
9,974
12,243
90.7
*81.5
91.6
52.9
*64.7
54.4
Accei>ted..........
63,222
68,150
131,372
129,010
3,248
9,033
12,281
12,492
*101.8
*68.3
102.2
*51.9
*73.5
50.4
R ejected............
12,492
*101.0
*93.7
101.8
*51.4
*73.1
50.7
R ejected............
24..
1853. Nov. 14,
On A cceptin g a Revision o f Bill o f Rights and
Constitution...............................................................
25..
1853.
To Enlarge the Discretion o f the Courts In
G ranting W rits o f Habeas Corpus...................
63,282
T o Enlarge the Jurisdiction o f Juries In Crimi
nal Causes.................................................................
T o Permit Claimants to Sue the State.................
‘20..
Nov. 14,
1853. Nov. 14,
■27.. 1853. Nov. 14,
67,006
130,258
129,010
61,699
68,382
130,081
129,010
63,805
66,828
130,633
129,010
3,154
8,548
11,70-2
3,084
8,468
11,552
12,492
*100.8
*92.5
*101.7
*52.6
*73.3
*50.5
Rejected.
3,239
8,455
11,694
12,192
*101.3
*93.6
102.1
*51.2
*72.3
50.9
R ejected -
T o Abolish Im prisonm ent for D ebt.....................
64,015
66,432
130,447
129,010
3,248
8,340
11,588
12,492
*101.1
*92.8
102.0
*50.9
*72.0
61.1
Rejected..
65,111
28.. 1853. Nov. 14,
23.. 1853. Nov. H,
65,512
180,623
129,010
3,562
8,234
11,796
12,492
*101.3
*94.4
102.0
*50.2
*69.8
61.8
R ejected............
63,246
67,011
130,257
129,010
3,178
8,322
11,500
12,492
*101.0
*92.1
101.9
*51.4
*72.4
50.6
Rejected............
50.6
Rejected............
To Forbid Support o f Sectarian Schools from
30..
1853. Nov. 11.
To Forbid the Creation o f Corporations by
Special Acta o f the L egislature............ ..............
31..
1853. Nov. 14,
T o Forbid the Incorporation o f Banks by
Special Acts o f the Legislature...........................
63,412
67,109
130,521
129,010
3,210
8,388
11,598
12,492
*101.2
*92.8
102.1
*51.4
*72.3
1855.
T o P rovid e for the Election o f Civil Officers
by a Plurality o f the Votes Cast........................
14,862
5,124
19,986
136,582
2,105
510
2,615
14,335
14.6
18.2
14.2
74.4
80.5
73.4
A rticle X I V ....
17,094
2,762
19,856
136,582
2,133
427
2,560
14,335
14.6
17.9
14.2
86.1
83.3
86.5
Article X V .......
14,720
4,950
19,670
136,582
1,657
843
2,500
14,335
14.4
17.4
14.0
74.8
66.3
76.1
Article X V I ....
14.500
5.210
19.710
136,582
1,600
923
2,523
14,335
14.4
17.6
14.1
73.6
63.4
75.0
A rticle X V II ...
449
2,641
14,335
14.7
18.4
14.3
87.3
83.0
88.0
Article X V III..
32..
May
33..
1855.
May 23,
T o Change the Date o f the Annual State Elec-
34..
1S55.
May 23,
T o Chance
the Number o f Councillori and
35.. 1855. May 23,
To Make the Offices o f Secretary, Treasurer,
A ud itor and Attorney General Elective by
th e P e o p le .................................................................
30.. 1855. May 23,
T o Forbid Expenditure o f P ublic MoneyB for
the Support o f Sectarian Schools.....................
17,531
2,541
20,072
136,588
2,192
37.. 1865.
May 23,
T o Require the Legislature to Prescribe fo r
the Klecllon o f County Officers by the People
o f the C ou n ties.......................................................
13,880
5,724
19,604
136,682
1,420
1,016
2,436
14,335
14.4
17.0
14.0
70.8
58.3
72.6
Article X IX .
38.. 1857.
May
1,
To Restrict the Right to Vote or to Hold Office
to Persons Able to Read and W rite..................
23,833
13,746
37,579
130,536
2,855
2,027
4,882
13,448
28.8
36.3
27.9
63.4
58.5
64.2
A rticle X X . . .
39..
1367.
May
1,
To Change the Time o f D ecennial Census and
to Make the Number o f Legal Voters the
Basis o f Apportionm ent o f Representatives..
31,277
6,282
37,559
130,536
4,480
224
4,704
13,448
28.8
35.0
28.1
83.3
95.2
81.6
40..
1867. May
1,
To Base A pportionm ent o f Senators on the
Number o f Legal Voters Enum erated by
Decennial Census....................................................
32,971
4,342
37,313
130,536
4,473
243
4,716
33,448
23.6
35.1
27.8
88.4
94.9
87.4
A rticle X X II.,
41..
1859.
May
9.
T o Forbid Naturalized C itizens to V ote or Hold
Office unless Resident in United States for
T w o Years after their Naturalization..............
20,753
15,129
35.8S2
109,051
3,516
2,496
6,012
10,916
32.9
55.1
30.4
57.8
5S.5
57.7
Article X X III...
42..
1860.
May IV.
T o Authorize the Senate to Order Elections to
Fill Vacaucles in the Senate................................
4,422
1,205
5,627
169,609
420
74
494
20,271
3.3
2.4
3.4
78.6
85.0
78.0
A rticle X X I V ...
43..
1860. May 17,
T o P rovide a Method fo r F illing Vacancies in
the Council................................................................
4,103
1,531
5,634
169,609
391
103
494
20,271
3.3
2.4
3.4
72.8
79.1
72.2
A rticle X X V ....
T o Annul the Twenty-third Amendment. (See
41 a b o v e )....................................................................
10,035
6,082
16,117
99,767
1,046
732
1,778
10,249
16.1
17.3
16.0
62.3
58.8
62.7
A rticle X X V I ...
184,454
3,950
1,079
5,029
36,550
16.5
13.8
17.1
78.6
78.6
78.6
Article X X V II..
44..
1863.
A pril 6,
45.. 1877. Nov.
6.
T o Annul Provision that No Member o f Faculty
o f Harvard College Shall Hold a Seat in Gen
eral Court..................................................................
23,839
6,505
30,344
46..
1881. Nov.
8*
To Prevent D isfranchisem ent o f Pauper Sol
diers and Sailors......................................................
30,245
20,184
50,429
157,S02
5,782
3,019
8,801
29,218
31.9
30.1
32.4
60.0
65.7
58.8
A rticle X X V III
47..
1885.
3
To Provide for Voting by Precincts in T ow n s..
43,598
8,673
52,271
209,668
7,731
1,089
8,820
41.6S3
24.9
21.2
25.9
83.4
87.6
82.6
A rticle X X I X ...
85,242
131,062
216,304
283,111
10,669
31,699
42,368
52,478
*82.2
*80.7
*82.6
*60.6
*74.8
*57.1
R ejected............
Nov.
48.. 1889. April 22,
T o Forbid the
49.. 1890. Nov.
4,
T o Forbid Disqualification o f Voters, for
Change o f Residence, within Six Months o f
Such C hange.............................................................
97,177
44,686
141,863
285,526
17,905
9,531
27,436
52,954
49.7
51.8
49.2
68.5
65.3
69.3
Article X X X ___
50..
4,
T o Relieve Soldiers and Sailors Receiving Pub
lic A id from D esignation o f “ P a u p e r s '......... 100,109
27,021
127,130
285,526
18,865
5,513
24,408
52,954
44.5
46.1
44.2
78.7
77.3
79.1
A rticle X X X I ...
1890. Nov.
Manufacture o f Intoxicating
51..
1691. Nov.
3*
To Abolish Payment o f Poll T ax as a Prerequi
site to V o t in g ........................................................... 144,931
53,554
198,485
321,650
33,490
7,170
40,660
60,995
61.7
66.7
60.6
73.0
82.4
70.6
A rticle X X X II..
52..
1891. Nov.
3,
T o Make a Majority o f Each Branch o f the
General Court a Q uorum .....................................
152,688
29,590
182,278
321,650
33,388
4,702
38,100
60,095
56.7
62.5
55.3
83.8
S7.7
82.7
A rticle X X X III
53..
1892. Nov.
8.
T o A bolish the Property Qualification for
Office o f G overn or..................................................
141,321
68,045
209,366
399,698
29,448
13,959
43,407
74,052
52.4
58.6
51.0
67.5
67.8
67.4
A r tic le X X X IV .
54..
1893. Nov.
7,
To Annul the Provision fo r P a rin g Mileage
but Once to Members o f the General C ourt... 125,375
80,555
205,930
365,112
24,991
20,888
45,879
71,715
56.4
64.0
54.5
60.9
54.5
62.7
A rticle X X X V ..
55..
1894. Nov.
6,
T o A bolish the Office o f Commissioners o f
In solven cy .................................................................
114,499
34,741
149,240
335,354
23,763
8,082
31,845
60,214
44.5
48.1
43.6
7«.7
74.6
77.3
Article X X X V I,
86,990
186,976
273,966
828,121
15,860
42,224
58,084
66,919
*83.5
*66.8
*82.6
*68.2
*72.7
*67.1
R ejected.............
•W.. 1895. Nov.
57..
5,
1896. Nov.
E xpediency o f Granting Municipal Suffrage to
T o Make Elections o f G overnor, Lieut.-Governor and Councilors Biennial Instead of
,
115,505
161,263
276,768
385,094
23,151
38,869
62,020
80,406
*71.9
*77.1
*70.5
*58.3
*62.7
*57.0
Rejected.............
58.. 1896. Nov.
3,
To Make Elections o f Senators and Representa
tives Biennial inBtend o f Annual....................... 105,589
156,211
261,800
385,064
21,222
38,25 <
59,479
80,406
*68.0
*74.0
*66.4
*59.7
*64.3
*58.3
R ejected.............
>9 . 1907. Nov.
5,
T o Em pow er the G overnor to Remove Justices
o f the Peace and Notaries P u b lic......................
35,989
213,994
373,705
40,531
9,207
49,798
83,509
58.8
59.6
58.6
S3.2
81.4
83.7
Article X X X V II,
178,015
* Indicates a m ajority against,
t Maine became a State on March 15,1820, hence the voters therein had no part in Massachusetts referenda after 1796.
No t e .— T he Referenda which became Am endm entB to the State Constitution are indicated under " Result In State.”
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PUBLICATIONS OF THE STATISTICS DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF BOSTON.
Annual Reports o f the Statistics Departm ent, 1897 to 1909 Inclusive.
8vo. [Postage, one cent each.]
Boston: Municipal Printing Office.
12 to 26 pp.
Special Publications No. 1. Estimates, Appropriations and Actual Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative
Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1898. 106 pp. 4to. [Out of print.]
Special Publications No. 2. Ordinary Revenue, 1892-96; Comparative Tables for five years.
Office. 1898. 39 pp. 4to. [Out of print.]
Boston:
Municipal Printing
Special Publications No. 3. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1893-97; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1899. 135 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
Special Publications No. 4. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1894-98; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 147 pp. 4to. [Postage, nine cents.]
•
Special Publications No. 5. Receipts and Expenditures 1870-1900.
Office. 1902. 65 pp. 4to. [Postage, six cents.]
Tables for thirty years.
Special Publications No. 6. Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures 1893-97.
Printing Office. 1900. 218 pp. 4to. [Postage, fifteen cents.]
Boston : Municipal Printing
Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal
Special Publications No. 7. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1895-1899 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special Publications No. 8. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1896-1900 ; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 149 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special Publications No. 9. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1898-1902; Comparative -Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 159 pp. 4to. [Postage, ten cents.]
Special Publications No. 10. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1899-1903; Comparative Tables for .five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 164 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 11. (Delayed.) Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures, 1898-1902.
Municipal Printing Office. 1910. 310 pp. 4to. [Postage, twenty cents.]
Tables for five years. Boston:
Special Publications No. 12. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1900-1904; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 163 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 13. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1901-1905; Comparative Tables for five years.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 161 pp. 4to. [Postage, twelve cents.]
Special Publications No. 14. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 3902-1906, with Appendix including Analyses
of Extraordinary Receipts and Expenditures; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907.
167 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 15. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1903-1907, with Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1908.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
Special Publications No. 16. Receipts and Expenditures of Ordinary Revenue, 1904-1908, with Appendix showing all Classes
of Receipts and Expenditures, by Groups; Comparative Tables for five years. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1909.
165 pp. 4to. [Postage, eleven cents.]
M onthly Bulletin o f the Statistics Department.
ten numbers, With tables for twelve months.
Volume I.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office.
1899. 4to.
Comprises
Volume. II. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1900. 4to. Comprises eight numbers, with tables for twelve months.
Volume III. B oston: Municipal Printing Office. 1901. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers, with tables for twelve
months.
Volume IV . Boston : Municipal Printing Office. 1902. 4to. Comprises eleven numbers (338 pages), with tables for .
twelve months.
Volume V.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1903. 4to. Comprises ten numbers (338 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume VI. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1904. 4to. Comprises eight numbers (264 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume VII. B oston: Municipal Printing Office. 1905. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume VIII. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1906. 4to. Comprises five numbers (192 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume IX. Boston: Municipal Printing Office. 1907. 4to. Comprises four numbers (156 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume X.
Boston: Municipal Printing Office
1908. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), with tables for
twelve months.
Volume XI. Boston: MunicipalPrintingOffice. 1909. 4to. Comprises four numbers (160 pages), with tables for twelve
months.
Volume XII. Current: Issued quarterly, arranged by months. [Postage, three cents.]
Copies of the Publications named in the foregoing list will be mailed to any address on receipt of the price of postaee.
Address:
M. H a r t w e l l , Secretary,
Statistics Department,
73, City Hall.
Boston, Mass.
Edw ard
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
BW
C
January 12, 1914.
S ir :
O bthftlf o f the Organisation Com
r*
mittee I beg t$ .?.eknowledge the receip t of
your le t t e r of January 8th* which w ill be
givan <tus conoi i r a tio s by the Committee
in determining the qtieetion of the e s ta b lis h a'oat of trie fed eral tieserve Bank to aerr*
N ew
E n g la n d *
Bee pect f u lly .
Secretary pro tern
Reserve Bank Organistation Committe
Hon. Thonsae C* Thatcher,
Hen 3e j f I'e pres an tat i ves •
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Bankers AsanriatuitL
OFFICERS FOR 1913-1914
ORGANIZED 1 9 0 5 .
CH ARLES P. B U N N , J r ., P r e s i d e n t
RALPH P. ALDEN, V i c e - P r e s i d e n t
GEORGE W . HYDE, S e c r e t a r y
JO SIAH H. G IFFO RD , T r e a s u r e r
BOSTON December 30, 1913.
To the National Bank, and Trust Company members
o f the Massachusetts Bankers Association: —
The “ Federal Reserve A c t ” provides that the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Agri
culture and the Comptroller of the Currency acting as “ The Reserve Bank Organization Committee”
shall divide the United States into at least eight but not more than twelve districts, and shall designate
a city in each of said districts in which there shall be organized a “ Federal Reserve Bank.”
The Committee has announced that it will hold hearings in Boston on January ninth and tenth
next to determine whether or not a Federal Reserve Bank shall be organized in Boston.
This Association will be represented at said hearings but, as there seems to be a difference of
opinion among bankers as to whether New England should have a Federal Reserve Bank in Boston
or should deal through the Boston branch of a Federal Bank to be organized in New York City, it is
important that the opinions of our members should be obtained.
You are therefore requested to indicate your preference by signing the attached slip, returning the
same in the accompanying envelope.
Please give this matter your immediate attention so that the views of the entire state may be
presented to the committee.
Very truly yours,
C H A S . P. BLINN,
President.
In our opinion a Federal Reserve Bank |*houId^n0t)
organ^
ze<^ m Boston
(Bank)__________________________________________________________
/ C* * \
/President.
(Signature)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------( Cashier.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C L A R E N C E fc . PIE R C E
N?
PRESIDENT
W ILLIA M C . D O N N E L L
2 7 4 -9
CAPITAL, $50,000.
FIRST NATIONAL BANK
VICE-PRESIDENT
SURPLUS, $50,000.
HOU LTON, M AI N E
F.
D. GOUD
CA S H IE R
Jan, 7, 1914
Ron, W. G. McAdoo,
Chairman Reserve Board Organization Committee*
Dear Sir:For, and in behalf of the National Banks of Aroostook
County,Maine, I would beg to suggest, and urge as strongly as
possible, the great importance of having a Federal Reserve Bank
created in New England to be located at Boston, as we firmly be
lieve that in no other way can the busines?*T!Tterests of this
remote section of New England be subserved.
I am, Sir,
Yours most respectfully,
c
Prest. Aroostook County Bankers Assfn»
ANSWERED
JAN 1 2 1914
FORM
S
Form — w—
'
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B W . HANSON, PRESIDENT.
H. B. ROWE, OASHIER.
S P R I.-J G V A L E
N A T IO N A L .
SPRINGVALE,
SPRINQVALE,
B A i • K,
»
MAINE.
M A I N E , ___ January._______ 1 9 1 4.
/
William A.Gaston,President
National Shawmut Bank,
Boston,Massachusetts.
Dear Sir:Our bank is very strenuou^in its desire that we have es
tablished a reserve bank in Boatgn/The new currency bill was passed
to get control of affairs oulTorwall streetjbut if the reserve bank
for our New England district is to go to New York I fail to see how
we have mended matters so far as out part of the country is concerned.
We have rathe# jumped from the frying pan into the fire.
Respectfully,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
la
r
NS Boeton|p[a88 Deo 33 1913
Hon iilliam G McAdoo
Secty of Treasury Washn DC
^
^
1 «
~
Urge most strenuously organization of national Reserve Bank in i*ew
England, am writing
William A Gaston
I
1147am
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Vv
\
/
H York, K .Y .,
ew
Jan. 5 , 1914*
M Dear Colon©!;
y
O account of Illn ess a n d ^ S W « from
n
the office I did m t see your le tte r aJTthe 29th nit*
un til today.
You mow, of cours«yr that the Comalttee
intends to give evorl possible jBonaideratton to Boston’ s
claims, and I hope t| see yft there on the 9th or 10th
when the Committee
11
sittin g in Boston.
WitS^/beat wishes for the lew Year
am ,
Sincerely yours,
Col* William A. Gaston,
President, The National Shawm Bank,
ut
Boston, i:ass.
I
y- r 'v
R ep rod uced from the U ncla ssified / D ecla ssified H oldings of the N ational A rchives
Docoafcor 31, 19X3.
liy doar S ir :
In the ife M ie t o f Socrotary
fceAdoo,
i t away from h is o f f ie o by
reason o f a s lig h t I lln e s s , 1. beg loavo
to acknowledge your la t t e r o f Decaajfeer
29th , regarding the lo c a t io n o f a Federal
Koserv* Bank in.. Kew England, and to say
that i t w ill bo drawn to h is a ttan tion
At tfe* o a r lio s t
m wont.
o
Vary trwly yours,
f r ir a t o Secretary.
C ol. William kn Oagton,
P resident, The Motional Shawout Bank,
Bobton , fees*
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
THE NATIONAL SHAWMUT BANK
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $ 17, 0 0 0,0 0 Q
W ILLIAM A . E A ST O N
P r e s id e n t
D n
JJ
U
CSTnVT
-€ 3
1
U
IV
December 29, 1913.
Hon. William G. KcAdoo,
Secretary ol the United States Treasury,
Washington, d .C,
Dear Hr. LLcAdoo:
I wired you a lew aays ago and asked lor
favorable consideration towards the establishment of a Federal
Reserve Bank in Hew England.
It seems to me peculiarly fitting that Hew
England snouict have a Federal Reserve hanic 01 its own.
We do
not want to be tied up in Hew York:,, and there are many reasons
why we should not be tied up in new York.
A contribution of
6ft ol capital and surplus ol all the Hew England banks, in
addition to a similar contribution irom all the banks in the
ITew York district, would make an enormous bank; enormous in
comparison with most oi the other reserve banks in the country.
It seems to me it v/ould. be unwise.
I cannot state the position
better than was stated by our Mr.Gears in a letter written to
Senator Weeks some months ago, and I quote what he says.
MThere is no other place in the United States,
not even the Pacific Coast, separated as it is from the rest of
the country by the Rocky fountains, so peculiarly a district
by itself as Hew England.
Except a few banks in western Conn
ecticut and a few more in the vicinity of Albany the Nbw England
Banks have always transacted their financial business in Boston.
Here their affairs, their needs and their peculiarities are well
known, and no rew York bankers will ever come into such close
relations with the country banks of Hew England.
fThe statement that a branch of a Regional Bank
,
would serve Hew England as well as the bank itself,in my judg
ment, is not well founded.
Our influence in electing the
directors or influence in the policy of a Regional Bank located
in New York would be small.
To serve the needs oi Hew England
we should have a Regional Bank located here, and the directors
should be Hew England men.
-..............................................................................................................................................................................................f!*-T
.
t ' ;-
•■ '" -~'~ ..'.. , '.•J ,I' • ;'-.■ •• a - .- ,i ■ • •----. - . . : ■::-;, ^ ^ :1
-" .J
•:iL
.
...
'• '-.• ,v L'
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
-2- Hon. Win. G.^cAdoo
12/29/13/
"In this connection the question or time is
important, for example; a bank located in kaine would not be
so promptly served by a bank in new York or by the Boston
branch, or even the Portland branch oi a Hew York institution
as by a Regional Bank in this city.
Delay and dissatisfaction
would arise from the necessity or referring questions to the
parent institution in New York.
MIn 1907 we were shown that Hew England was
not likely to receive consideration and assistance from Hew
York or other outside points.
Deposits of government money
wei*e made in various parts of the United States, but .Boston not
only received no such deposits, but was constantly called upon
to deposit funds in the Sub-Treasury.
Notwithstanding this
handicap no other section in the country was better cared for
than the country banks and the merchants of New England.
"There ie no doubt in my mind that Hew
England banks and business men would far rather look to your
own bank The First National, The Shawmut and others in this
city than to a New York Regional Bank or its branches in
this section.
To my mind i , wouxu be a strong argument
i
against joining the new system ii a Regional Bank should not
be located in this city.
I believe that through our own
local clearing house we could develop a system which would
serve New England better than any branch of a new York
institution. r
t
I most strenuously urge the establishment of
a Federal Reserve Bank in Hew England.
Very truly yours,
WAG/H
President.
R ep rod uced from the U ncla ssified I D eclassified H oldings o f the N ational Arch ives
ysmmv?
1914.
a§r dear atr* fstfs&srt
I kave your faror o f the 3rA
lnst&ot, addressed to Secretary EoMoo,
ursine that the regionel bank fo r Hew
Sn^load be eittjatei in Boston, <u ahftll
ad
bring the torn to his attoution s i the
tinao tt » deaaitte** tsta ? $$ this qoe*~
tloiw
As Ttra taoor, thoy are see in
S9»
fro * which place they t i l l go
to Beaton, after whioh thay w ill % m m %
OYer the ootxefery £es* the jnrpoee o f
bearing t©«tia»ny oonoernluc the olaia®
Of the Tarioutt c itf^ » $sr designation
ae rewerre c it ie e . Tlw w i l l , of
iy
eoaarse 0000 % m #®©ieion. iratil after
their trip M s boen oonploted.
With kindest regards*, I am,
Simoerely yours,
Cm W* ? & i n t o r ,
B e$*v
199 WaAlnstoii Street,
B o sto n *
IB M .
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C .W . T a i n t o r
Sc C o .
SEARS BUILDING,
199 W A S H IN G T O N
ST.,
BOSTON.
January 3rd, 19X4*
Hon. William G. McAdoof
Secretary of the Treasury
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr* McAdoo:
Several of the prominent Boston bank officers have asked
me to write you in the interest of a Regional Bank for Hew England
to he situated in Boston.
Personally I feel that it would be to the
benefit of the small borrower, also it would tend to decentralize
the banking power and help in preventing a big Regional Bank in
New York completely overshadowing the Northeast section of the
United States.
Further the interests of New England are in many
ways disimiliar from those in New York, and a condition say like
that of 1907 would, I feel, have had much less effect on Boston
had our bankers been less influenced'by powers in New York.
With kindest regards and hoping that you will accept
the invitation which Mrs. Taintor is sending you to spend some
of your time here under our roof, I remain
Yours very truly,
CWT-GFQ
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
/■ \
/
\i
January 12, 1914.
Dear Sirs
n u n
lit «• thank you for yours of tho 6th of
January, giving ao infornatlon about tho operations of tho
Boston Clearing House, which shall havo very oaroful considera
tion.
Very truly yours,
Charlos A. Buggies, Esq.,
Manager, Boston Clearing House,
Boston, Naso.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B
oston
Ch
Cle a r in g H o
a r l e s
A R
d g g l e s
u se
,
, Man ag er.
January
sixth
1914.
Eon. Wm. G. ITcAdoo, Chairman,
Reserve Bank Organization Committee.
Dear Sir:
Under Section 16 of the federal Reserve Act,
the Federal Reserve Board may require a Federal Reserve Bank
to exercise the functions of a clearing house for the member
banks.
It may interest you to know that "besides the regular
function of a clearing house "which is to settle balances
between banks of the association arising from the exchange of
checks”, we have what is known as the "Boston System1 for the
1
collection of country checks.
This department was organized some fifteen years
ago for the purpose of facilitating the collection of-checks
throughout Hew England and also to minimize the cost of
making such collections.
The territory covered comprises the
llew Ingland States, the correspondent banks and trust companies
numbering 644 which are divided as follows:
Hew Hampshire 65,
Island 46
Vermont 78,
Maine 127,
Massachusetts 207,
Rhode
and Connecticut 121.
Checks are deposited daily at the Clearing House
by all members of the Clearing House Association and forwarded
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
B
oston
Ch
Cl e a r in g H o
a r l e s
A .R
xjg g les
u se
,
, Ma n a g e r .
(Hon, Wm. ( . McAdoo. page 2.)
x
by mail direct to the loariks on which they axe drawn.
The
average daily business is about $2,000,000., the number of
checks handled being from thirty-five to forty thousand.
This
of course does not include all Hew England checks received on
deposit by the banks of this city but is estimated to be 30f0
of the total, some banks preferring to collect their items by
sending direct to the banks having accounts with them.
All our
correspondents remit prompt^/- on receipt by draft on Boston or
Hew York, 8
5:'? of them remitting without charge.
In many cases,
currency is sent b y registered mail, the expense being borne
b y the Clearing House.
With few exceptions, returns are
received in 36 hours, there being but few points which cannot
be reached b y mal in 12 hours.
consists of eighteen clerks,
The office force required
some of whom are employed in the
city department, assisting in making the settlements for the
daily exchanges.
The cost of making collections by this method has
averaged for the past five years 7 ^ per $1,000. which is very
much lower than by any other method and seems to have solved
the problem as far as Hew England is concerned
and has proved
equally satisfactory both to the city and country banker.
Any further information that you may desire will be
cheerfully contributed.
Very respectfully yours,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
HENRY S. DENNISON
First Vice-President
JOHN MASON L IT TL E
Second Vice-President
J. RANDOLPH COOLIDGE, jr., ‘President
JAMES A. McKIBBEN, Secretary
[H
DAVID O. IVES
Manager Transportation Dept.
□
D AN IEL D. MORSS
Treasurer
BOSTON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
177 M I L K
STREET
January 15t 1914.
Mr. M. C. Elliott, p^QTi
Regional Reserve Sank Organization Committee,
Washington,p . C.
Dear Sir:
EncHosed is a lo/bte^/fas6m the Somerville
Board of Tradexfavoring^the jS^ffablishment of a
regional bank in Boston,
Yours very truly,
First Assistant Secretary.
Enclosure
Ill . ^ P W W *—P
DP —P W —
^
^
W
W
I I I I H
I
..........
tm
■ -- . • V
■
•
. •.
.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
'*►Somerville ^
Board of Trade
JVlberi ‘pL jMaskell,
^ecreiarg,
4 2 4 £$ ttm & tb ilU (Afrem t£,
jja ^ U
J
r a
.h
^
v (^
o £ k ta * / / b < '•
a-
L ^y.
^
t ?
' 1 ,
/
J & ryT T **^ -
C ^ t r -v i/iA -^ c ^
u
^
,
S ' / J?
(J8Rass,
/ ?/
*A
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
T h e N a t io n a l B a n k o f M a r k h a m
W a r e h a m , M a s s.
J. C.
Ma k e p e a c e ,
PgfsiDENT
J.W.Wh
it c o m b
,C a s h i e r
January 9» 1914
Mae Beserve Bank Organization Committee,
Chamber of Commerce,
Boston, Mass*
Gentlemen:
I can not conveniently attend ycfir heas
Boston, but desire to be recorded as'jLn fa^
Reserve Bank in that city.
Those wl|> attend yoi
Boston hearings will advance sufficient reasons for
favoring that city, and it is useless t or me
them.
% *.
I would like to say a word about the**1
!
!
course of our business transactions.
This bank has
reserve agents in $ew York, Albany and Boston. Our
balance with Hew York reserve agent is comparatively
small and we could get along very well without it
except for an occasional customer who desires Hew York
draft and the convenience of having a correspondent
in the largest financial centre in the country.
Our
alliance with our Albany reserve agent is simply to
facilitate the collection of checks presented to us
drawn on distant banks without deduction for collection
or exchange.
Boston is the reserve city with which
the great bulk of our business is done.
A casual ex
amination of dates, selected at random throughout the
year, would indicate that 85 to
% of our business is
with our Boston correspondent.
90
We call ourselves a "country bank", with a capital
surplus and profits of about $ 1 5 0 ,000 ., average deposit
of, approximately,
located in a town of four
or five thousand inhabitants, and serving several smaller
surrounding towns.
We asstune that conditions here are
typical of those existing in all of the small cities and
towns in eastern Massachusetts.
1
Yery respectfully,
! N S W
A
c K b
1 0 1Q
[F O R M
President
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
urn.
January 21# 1914.
M d m r Senator:
y
la the congee t5 on of corrosy^©ndanc©, I am wot
entirely surw that your le tte r of December 26th to the
Secretary with reference to the Federal Reserve Bank at
Boston h&» been acknowledged.
In the event that i t h»e not, I beg now to
acknowledge receipt of
in the &bo*nce of the Secretary
and to nay that i t w ill be called to the attention, of the
committee and c onaidered by I t in determining this question.
Beopectfully.
Secretary,
Reserve Bank Organisation Committee.
Hon. Hoary F. H o llis,
United States Senate*
Washington* £• C*
ft^tSHdfced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
H E N R Y F. H O L L IS , N . H ., C H A IR r iA N .
M. B . G R IF F IN , C l e r k .
S
t a t e s
CO M M ITTEE o n
S
en rolled
e n a t e ,
b il l s
.
December 26, 1913
Hon. William G. Me Ado o
Secretary of the Treasury
Dear Mr. Secretary:
I have assumed that Boston would “ designated a federal
be
reserve city under the new Act.
But some of my friends in
Boston are anxious about it and urge me to do what I can to in
sure such action.
You know all the itemfc.
I strongly urge that Boston he
designated as a federal reserve agent for District Uo.l to
include most of Hew Ingland*
Sincerely yours,
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
tal iBank
of Wravibeme, 2 3.
R. 1
Q
R O B E R T W. T A F T ,
HORATIO
p r e s i d e n t
N. C A M P B E L L ,
vice
p r e s i d e n t
M O S E S J. B A R B E R , c a s h i e r
FRANK
A.GREENE,
a s s t
ESTABLISHED
1818
u. S . D E P O S I T A R Y
.cashier
C A PITA L
$ 1 ,0 0 0 ,0 0 0 .
SURPLUS
$ 7 5 0 .0 0 0 .
Jan. 5, 1914
At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Merchants
National Bank, held Monday, January 5, 1914, the following
resolution was passed:
YO^ED:
TKiat the President and Oashier he, and hereby
are, instructed to advocate Boston as a Federal Reserve
city.
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
THE NATIONAL. UNION BANK
BOSTON
__PAffiBf jS m ih U m ,
Jan. 8 , 1914.
H ilton C. K l l i o t t , E s q .,
Copley Plasa,
Boston, Mass*
M dear S i r : y
In confirmation of our conversation
today, 1 beg to advise you that the follow ing
gentlemen, in addition to m yself, w ill represent
the Massachusetts Bankers A ssociation before the
hearings of the Reserve Bank Organization Committee
to be held in Boston tomorrow and Saturday.
Alfred L* Aiken, P resident,
Worcester National Bank,
W orcester, Maes*
Henry M, Batchelder, President,
Merchants National Bank,
Salem, Mass,
H. G. Towaend, P resid en t,
Fitehburg National Bank,
Fitchburg, Mass.
J. F* Sawyer, Cashier,
Union national Bank,
Low ell, Mass,
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
The P r e s id e n t o f t h e New Hampshire Bankers
A s s o c ia t io n , Mr. A rthur M... H eard, who i s P re s id e n t
o f th e Amoskeag N a tio n a l Bank o f M an ch ester, N. H.
a d v is e s me th a t th e f o llo w in g gentlem en w i l l re p re
th a t o r g a n is a t io n *
Gen* W illia ® F. T h ayer, P r e s i d e n t ,
F ir s t N a tio n a l Bank,
C on cord , N. H.
Judge C a lv in P a g e , P r e s id e n t ,
Hew H a sp sh ire n a t io n a l Bank,
P ortsm ou th , N» H.
L e s t e r I . Thurfeer, P r e s id e n t ,
C ity Guaranty Savings Bank,
Nashua, N. H.
Frank H« F e s t e r , C a s h ie r,
Clarwaont N a tion a l Bank,
C le r e m ts t , N, p«
Rodney S* S a y th e , C a s h ie r,
P ea ig ew a seet N a tion a l Bank,
Plym outh, N* H*
I t i s p o s s i b l e , how ever, th a t th e s e g e n t le
be re p r e s e n te d by a Sub-Committee
P r e s id e n t
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
F
orm 1864
UNION
AM
THEO. N. VAIL, PRESIDENT
F ©
re ce ive d AT
'23 N Y
:
SR
32
125 East 34th St. N.Y
6 EX
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i
NS
/
5
BOSTON MASS 6
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l\/K
C E L L IO T T ESQ SECY
CARE HON W G M CA*®*
M
:
V
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HOTEL VA N S ER B ILT NY
COUL» YOU A S V IS E US WHERE MEETINGS OF THE RESERVE BANK ORGANIZATION
COMMITTEE ARE TO BE HELS
IN BOSTON ON THE N IN TH « TENTH ANSWER
OUR EXPENSE .
W IL L IA M
A GASTON
PRES NATL SHAWMUT BANK
©F BOSTON
1143AM
p
...
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r
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i
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....................
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—
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
P O S TA L TELEGRAPH - C O M M E R C IA L CA B LES
CLARENCE H . M ACKAY,
RECEIVED AT*
P r e s id e n t.
DELIVERY No.
TELEGRAM
ItDW— (09
DESIGN PATENT No. 40629
U
4i
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Vh H#w T f r k
H f i M id
Jm 7
n
Hen M C i L U o t t
if
Q
A s s is ta n t
B il U
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i p
l i y
8 « * r * ta * y
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w ill
p
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w illia m s
a s s is t
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l
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i i i i a
* * t< j* is s ts
it a k iiig
you
M
u
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• • •
C u stsa s
a m u i^ s is tm ts
& t§fcg l U i a t
la s
ti? u r s
^
G it*
S ta y
8
A
W
m is tin g
be bel# in Boston plsass comniunieats vltb kin
••o ^ se
s s lls « t * r
l 5 f m
ib b « *
r-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 "— ■ --------■
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
POSTAL TELEGUPH-CASLE COMPANY « * • THE COMMERCIAL CABLE COMPA
THE CBEATEST TELEGRAPH AND CABLE SYSTEM IK THE WORLD.
EXTENDS OVER TWO-THIBDS OF THE WAY ABOUND THE EtBTH.
THE POSTAL TELEGRAPH-CABLE COMPANY
T R A N S M IT S A N D D E L I V E R S ^ I ^ g J t f T t j £ l J ^ f ^ A G E
{IN C O R P O R A T E D )
S U jJ J E ^ T %6 T H E ^ f IL O W IN C ^ T J lR M S rA N D C O N D IT IO N S :
To guard
m istakes or delays, th e sender of a m essage should order it R E P E A T E D ; th a t is, telegraphed*back to the*originating office for comparison. F o r this, o n e -h a lf
m e regular rate is charged in addition. It i s agreed between the sender of the m essage w ritten on the face hereof and the P ostal Telegraph-C able Com pany, th a t said Com pany sh all n o t
De liab le for mistakes or delays i n th e transm ission or delivery- or for non-delivery, of any t j n r e p e a t e d m essage, beyond th e am o u n t received fo r sending the sam e: nor for m istakes o r
delays m the transmission or d elivery, or Jp M o n rfe jjT je ry } of any m p k m b b messagef beyond ftftjj tim es tfa» sum received for sen d tn altfe saafcey UaltSfe sp ecially insured, n o r |p an y case
f o r delays arising f ro m u n a v o i <’ l >le-wi t.erflfefit.i oti*fn i h f workiflg offte lines, oifo rW offl in S p ler or obsdM e fhesswges. 3A‘ th is CdB^ity »her(Sby*m adethFageifb Of to e sender, w ith
1
a
nd
out liab ility , to forw ard any m essage over th e lines of any other Com pany w hen necessary to reach its destination.
11
^ m i s s i o n of^messages to any point on the lines of the C om pany can be
in s u r e d
by co n tract in w ritin g , statin g agreed am o u n t of risk , an d p ay m en t of^prero-
__ ___ _ _ ____ ____ _
_
_
________ _____ ____________________ _____ 0 _____ , _____________ . . ...
snch office
by one of th is C om pany’s m essengers, he ac ts for th a t purpose as "the agent of the sender. *
*
"
Messages w ill be delivered free w ithin the established free delivery lim its of the te rm in a l office. F o r delivery a t a g reater distance a special charge w ill he m ade to cover th e cost
of snch delivery.
#
,
^
,
.
r
This Com pany shall n o t be lia b le fo r dam ages o r statufony |p « f e l t i ^ » # n y ca se w h ere th e (flaim is n o t p resented in w ritin g w ith in six ty d ay s a fte r .the m essage is filed w ith
th C om pany fo r transm ission.
e
*
This is an v n r ep ea te d M essage and is tra n sm itted a n d delivered by request of th e sen d er un d er th e conditions n am ed above. E rro rs can be g u ard ed ag ain st o n ly by repeating' *
m essage b ack to the sending station fo r com parison.
The above term s and conditions sh all be binding upon jjxe recjfeivjjgp
as th e sender of this message.
N o em ployee of this C om pany is authorized to v a ry thPiofregoing
C L A R E N C E H. M A C K A Y . PRESIDENT.
CHARLES C . ADAMS, s e c o n d VICE-PREBT-
E B W ^ p T 'J . JfALLY’T v ic^-P R E S T .
and
&
n e r a l m a n a g er .
C H A R L E S P . B R U C H , T H IR D V I C E - P R O n V
POSTAL TELEGRAPH — FA S TE S T SERVIC E IN T H E W ORLD
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Form 1
THE WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH COMPANY
IN C O R P O R A T E D
2 5 ,0 0 0 O FFICES IN AM E R IC A .
CABLE SER VIC E TO ALL T H E W ORLD
This Company TRANSMITS and DELIVERS messages only on conditions limiting its liability, which have been assented to by the sender of the following message.
Errors can be guarded against only by repeating a message back to the sending station for comparison, and the Company will not hold itself liable for errors or delays In
transmission or delivery of Unrepeated Messages, beyond the amount of tolls paid thereon, nor in any case beyond the sum of Fifty Dollars, at which, unless otherwise stated below, thla
message has been valued by the sender thereof, nor In any case where the claim is not presented in writing within sixty days after the message is filed with the Cogapany for transmission.
This Is an UNREPEATED MESSAGE, and is delivered by request of the sender, under the conditions named above.
/
\ /
T H tO .
N. VAU-. PRESIDENT
^ L V ID E R E
BROOKS,
Q fe N E R A L I V U M c y
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Domestic and Foreign Money Orders by Telegraph and Cable
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THE WESTERN UNION
TELEGRAPHCOMPANY
IN C O R P O R A T E D
THE LARGEST TELEGRAPHIC
SYSTEM IN THE WORLD.
OVER ONE M ILLIO N MILES
OF WIRE IN THE U N ITED STATES
AND CANADA.
It has over 25,000 Telegraph Offices,
including Branch Offices.
It has also Direct Connection by Tele
graph or Telephone with many more remote
and smaller stations, making a total list
of 60,000 in the United States, Canada
and Mexico, and this number is rapidly
increasing.
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C o n n e c tin g N o r t h A m e ric a w it h aM p o in ts
in
E u ro p e a n d b e y o n d , in c lu d in g T w o
C a b le s o f th e A m e r ic a n T e le g ra p h a n d
C a b le C o m p a n y , F o u r C a b le s o f th e A n g lo A m e ric a n T e le g ra p h
C om pany, and O ne
C a b le o f th e D ir e c t U n ite d S ta te s C a b le C o.
D ir e c t W ire s to G a lv e s to n , T e x a s , c o n
n e c tin g a t th a t p la c e w it h th e C a b le s o f th e
M e x ic a n , th e C e n tra l a n d S o u th A m e ric a n
T e le g ra p h
C o m p a n ie s
f o r a ll p o in ts in
M e x ic o a n d C e n tr a l a n d S o u th A m e ric a .
D ir e c t W ire s a n d C a b le s to H a v a n a ,
C u b a , c o n n e c tin g a t th a t p la c e w it h th e
C u b a S u b m a rin e a n d W e s t I n d ia a n d P a n
a m a T e le g ra p h C o m p a n ie s f o r a ll p o in ts
in th e W e st In d ie s .
C o n n e c ts a t S an F ra n c is c o w it h P a c ific
C a b le s to th e S a n d w ic h Is la n d s , H o n o lu lu .
G u a m , th e P h ilip p in e s , C h in a , J a p a n , e tc .,
a n d a t V ic to r ia , B . C ., w it h P a c ific C a b le )
to A u s tr a lia a n d N e w Z e a la n d .
C o n n e c ts a t S e a ttle , W a s h .,
w it h U . S. G o v e rn m e n t L in e s
'S
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a n d C a b le s to a n d in A la s k a .
E x c lu s iv e c o n n e c tio n w it h th e G re a t
WESTERN UNION
TELEGRAPH
N o r th - W e s te r n T e le g ra p h C o . o f C a n a d a .
COMPANY
CO Domestic and Foreign Money Orders by Telegraph and Cable
[^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ r o ^ h ^ n d a s s if ie ^ D e d a s s if ie ^ o lX ig ^ ^ h ^ ^ t t o n a T A r c h iv ^
Th
e
N
a t io n a l
S
haw mut
B
ank
O F BOSTON, MASS.
Gentlemen:
We telegraphed you today as follows:
January 6» lyl*W
M* 0* Klliott Esq.f Secretary
c/o Hon. lot. G* MeAdoof
Hotel Vanderbiltt N. Y.
Could you advise us where meetings of the Heserve Bank
Organization Committee are to be held in Boston on the ninth
and tenth*
Answer our expense*
which we hereby confirm*
WAB/D 11*05
^
mi11lam A* Gaston, President*
R e i p ^ ^ i l # ^ ! ^ , Bank of Boston.
Cashier,
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Fdra 102
THE WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH COMPANY
IN C O R P O R A T E D
2 5 ,0 0 0 O FFICES IN AM ERICA.
CABLE SER VICE TO ALL T H E W ORLD
B E L V ID E R E B R O O K S , G E N E R A L M A N A G E R
T H ^ J . N . V A IL , P R E S I D E N T
TIME FILED
RECEIVER’S No.
Send
t h e following m e s s a g e s u b je c t to t h e t e r m s 1
on b ac k hereof, w h ich a r e hereby ag re ed to
)
CHECK
191
Iew York, I « Y»
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u
To
19X3#
Chamber of ConKioroe> Boston,- Mass»-------------------------______ Reserve Barflc Organ!gation Coonittoe directs me to accept
your kind invitation extonde& trirough Secretary
Hamlin to hold the hearing in~ c n In your chambers,-------------ftogf o
a *.c. sniott,-------------------
Send prepaid and charge to
~ .Reserve Bank Organization Committee,
Troaauiy Department#
_________________ Kashin tont
ft_____
!
secretary pro tem*
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
ALL M E S S A G E S TAKEN BY T H l S COMPANY A RE S U B J E C T TO T H E FOLLOWING
T E R M S W H IC H A RE H E R E B Y A G R E E D TO
- To guard against mistakes or delays, the sender of a message should order it REPEATED, that is, telegraphed back
to the originating office i’or comparison. For this, one-half the unrepeated message rate is charged in addition. Unless
otherwise indicated on its face, THIS IS AN U NREPEATED MESSAGE AND PAID FOR AS SUCH, in consideration
whereof it is agreed between the sender of the message and this Company as follows:
1. The Company shall not be liable for mistakes or delays in the transmission or delivery, or for non-delivery, of any
UNREPEATED message, beyond the amount received for sending the same; nor for mistakes or delays in the transmission
or delivery, or for non-delivery, of any REPEATED message, beyond fifty times the sum received for sending the same,
unless specially valued; nor in any case for delays arising from unavoidable interruption in the working of its lines; nor
fo r errors in cipher or obscure messages.
2. In any event the Company shall not be liable for damages for any mistakes or delay in the transmission or delivery,
or for the non-delivery, of this message, whether caused by the negligence of its servants or otherwise, beyond the sum of
FIFTY DOLLARS, at which amount this message is hereby valued, unless a greater value is stated in writing hereon at
the time the message is offered to the Company for transmission, and an additional sum paid or agreed to be paid based
on such value equal to one-tenth of one per cent, thereof.
3. The Company is hereby made the agent of the sender, without liability, to forward this message over the lines of
any other Company when necessary to reach its destination.
4. Messages will be delivered free within one-half mile of the Company’s office in towns of 5,000 population or less, and
within one mile of such office in other cities or towns. Beyond these limits the Company does not undertake to make
delivery, but will, without liability, at the sender’s request, as his agent and a t his expense, endeavor to contract for him
for such delivery at a reasonable price.
5. No responsibility attaches to this Company concerning messages until the same are accepted at one of its trans
m itting offices; and if a message is sent to such office by one of the Company’s messengers, he acts for that purpose as the
agent of the sender.
6. The Company will not be liable for damages or statutory penalties in any case where the claim is not presented in
writing within sixty days after the message is filed with the Company for transmission.
7. No employee of the Company is authorized to vary the foregoing.
TH
co.
N . v a il , P r e s id e n t
b e l v id e r e
b r o o k s
, g eneral M anager
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Mi*r S o o f i t u j r y i
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the
that yc*
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to
in r*g*rd to ItNitsiiu
8»n. Ch*rl#* S.
A A « ia ta n t
ttf #a» T *M *»*y.
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
TREASURY DEPARTMENT TELEGRAM.
W H E R E W R IT T E N :
Washington
January 5# 1914.
Hon.
$• UaAtoo,
Secretary o f the Treasury,
Uaited State* Sub~treaeury,
Now York City,
I have telegram tmm Boston Chatter o f Comwaroe extending to
ytm and to your Coras!t tee cordial InTltatioa to hold propoeed hearings
this week in Clwriher o f Comaaeroe Building at Boston, and the Proaldent
and Diwotora my thoy hope vary auoh that you w ill aaoept.
Assistant Secretary o f tho ?x«a«uxy,
O F F IC IA L B U S IN E S S .
G O VERNM ENT RATES.
C h a r g e T r e a s u r y D e p a r t m e n t , A p p r o p r ia t io n f o r
2 — 682 7
O ttlo ta l
msb--—
The appropriation from w hich payable m u st bo stated on above line.
D E P A R T M E N T A L S T O C K FO R M 2 1 2 8 .
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
NlflHT LETTER
THE WESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH COMPANY
INCORPORATED
2 5 ,0 0 0 O FFICES IN A M ERICA
CABLE SERVICE TO ALL T H E W ORLD
X h is C o m p a n y T R A N S M I T S a n d D E L I V E R S m e s s a g e s o n ly o n c o n d itio n s lim it in g Its lia b i li ty , w h ic h h a v e b e e n a s se n te d t o b y t h e s e n d e r o f t h e fo llo w in g N lg r h t L e t t e r .
E r r o r s etui be g u a rd e d u sra in st o n ly b y r e p e a tin g a m e s s a g e b a c k to t h e s e n d in g s ta tio n f o r c o m p a ris o n , a n d t h e C o m p a n y w ill n o t h o ld its e lf lia b le fo r e r r o r s o r d e la y s in
tra n s m is s io n o r d e liv e r y o f l i i u r e p e a t e d N i g h t L e t t e r s , s e n t a t re d u c e d r a te s , b ey o n d a su m e q u a l to t h e a m o u n t p a id f o r t r a n s m i s s io n ; n o r in a n y c a se b e y o n d th e su m o f
M f t y D o l l a r s , a t w h ic h , u n le ss o th e r w is e s ta te d b elo w , t h i s m essacre h a s b e e n v a lu e d b y th e s e n d e r th e re o f, n o r in n iiy c a se w h e re t h e c la im is n o t p re s e n te d in w r i ti n g w ith in
x t y d a y s a f t e r t h e m e s s a g e is filed w ith t h e C o m p an y f o r tra n s m is s io n .
T h is Is a n l i f f R E P E A T E D N I G H T L l i T T E i l , a n d is d e liv e re d b y r e q u e s t o f t h e se n d e r, u n d e r t h e c o n d itio n s n a m e d ab o v e.
T H E O . N . V A IL , P R E S ID E N T
B E L V ID E R E B R O O K S , GENER A L MANAGER
R e c e iv e d a j 9 . , 9
m * i 3 M i'ST
6BS SU 8 0 NL 1 EXTRA
TD DORCHESTER MASS JAN 4
1914
H N iCHAS F HAM
O
LIN
ASST SECY OF THE TREASURY WASHINGTON DC '
iH E PRESIDENT AND DIRECTORS OF THE BOSTON CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
HAVE REQUESTED ME TO EXTEND A CORDIAL
IN V IT A T IO N TO THE
FEDERAL RESERVE ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE TO HOLD THE PROPOSED HEARING T H IS
WEEK IN REFERENCE TO MAKING NEW ENGLAND A FEDERAL RESERVE
D IS T R IC T . IN THE CHAMBER’ OF COMMERCE \ U K C o I MG AT BOSTON W IL L
YOU PLEASE CONVEY T H IS
IN V IT A T IO N TO SECRETARY MCADOO AND THE
OTHER MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE AND SAY THAT THE PRESIDENT AND
DIRECTORS HOPE VERY MUCH THAT THEY W IL L ACCEPT
IT
JAMES A MCKIBBEN SECY
116AM
r
.
---------------------
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Dear Sir:
In the absence of Secretary
MeAdoo, I beg to acknowledge receipt
of your letter of December 30th, and
am directed by the Reserve Baxfc Organiza
tion Consnitteo to thank you for your of
fer of quarters for hearings in Boston,
ss& to advise you that it will be im
possible to accept because other arrangen&nts have practieelly been concluded*
¥ezy truly yours,
Private secretary*
John M* Graham, Esq*,
President* mterriaticnal Trust Company,
45 Iai23c Street, Boston* Mass*
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
P O S TA L TELEGRAPH -^ C O M M E R C IA L C
V
RECEIVED AT
CLARENCE
H .
M A M w
,
P r e s id e n t .
TELEGRAM
^ ■
■
delivery
The Postal Telegraph C;jble Company (Incurporated (transmits and delivers this message subject to the terms and conditions printed on the back of this blank.
DESIGN PATENT No. 40529
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K WASHN DC J A N . 5 1 4
HON W G MCAD00
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CR CB OFCE
S E C RE TA RY O F THE TREASURY UNITED ST AT ES Sl'BTR EAS" RY
NEWYORK
I
HAVE
YOU
TELEG RAM
AND
BROPOSED
g |J
TO
YOUR
.F R O M
BOSTO N
COMM I T T E E
HEARINGS
TH IS
CHA**SERi
CO RD I A L
W EEK
IN
OF' COMMERCE
IN V ITA TIO N
CHAMBER
OF
TO
EXTENDING
HOLD
COMMERCE
.
LD|NG AT BOSTON AND THE P R E S I D E N T AND DIRECTORS SAY T ^ F y
,
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
PO STA L T E L E G R A P H - C O M M E R C IA L C ABLES
^
-------------- — -------------------------------------
RECEIVED AT
CLARENCE H .
Pr e s id e n t .
TELEGRAM
A
w
DELIVERY No,
ThePastal Telegraph-C;:ble CumF.jny (Incorporated (transmits and delivers this message subject to the terms and conditions printed on the back of this blank.
DESIGN PATENT Na. 40529
HO P E . V E R Y
much t h a t
you
w ill
accept
C S HAMLI N A S S I S T A N T S E C R E T A R Y OF THE TREASURY
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
31, 1913*
Mr* Chariot P* BU«n, Jr.,
Praaidant, Maoaaohiiaotto Baakora Aaaoclatioxi,
XffHrtiffSjfr (ISSV#
Sirs
Im
%? tfre Eoaonro Bank Organimtlm C*o-»
ad ttoo to rof>ly to your favor of Bocou&or 87* atiggestlag
!
that tho hoariiiga of the Ccfcaditee ho ao arra&god aa to
oaabla Soerotary Hoaoton and Soerotary MeMoo to attend
a luaabooa of tho law S&gland Bankara at tho Coyloy Plata
Hotel at ooon m i&mmtf &*
0*iȣ to an umvoid&fcl# ehango in tho aehodulo of
hoarInga, tho Caooitioo m i l bo tstmhlo to roach Bo#toa
a a tll tho 9th, and o t ll held hoaringa on tho 9th mod 10th*
Accordingly, it w ill bo latposolblo for tho Socratarloa
to avail tfcaKOolvoa of thia invitation.
Roepactfttlly,
Soerotary pro toa,
Boaorvo Sank Or^Rttiiatiwa Coomittao *
i
T H E SECRETARY
of T H E
TREASURY
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
UNION
'T E R
WESTE
DAY
THEO. N. VAIL, PRESIDENT
RECEIVED AT
64B CP 7 4
547
4 X
BLUE
BOSTON MASS DEC 27 1 91 3
HONORABLE
W IL L IA M G MCADOO
SECTY OF THE TREASURY
WASHN DC
\
THE MORNING PAPERS ANNOUNCE THAT YOU ANO SECRETARY HOUSTON W IL L H O L D 'HEARINGS
IN BOSTON JANY F IF T B H AND S IX T H THE MASSACHUSETTS BANKERS
ASSO CIATIO N W IL L HOLD
IT S ANNUAL BANQUET IN BOSTON JANY
WHICH W IL L BE ATTENDED BY R IS IN G
F IV E HUNDRED NEWENGLAND
CAN YOU NOT DEFER DATES OF HEARINGS TO JANY
BOTH YOU AND
EIGHTH
BANKERS
SEVENTH AND EIGHTH AND
SECY HOUSTON ATTEND BANQUET ADDRESSING THE GATHERING
v,.< NOT AS YOU WISH
CHARLES
P B L IN N
226P
JR
PREST
MASS BANKERS ASSN
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
TH E NAT IO NAL UNION
BANK
BOSTON
S M S S M iA i& fi t f
Daoambor 27, 1913
Hon. W illim G. UiMftl,
Seerotary of tlia Treasury,
Washington, D. 0.
Dear
Sir:-
Z onelooa confirmation of m iay 1otter
y
of araa data, which ! • a a if axplaaat or£*„_Aa{i t r a it
that yom may find i t oonYoaiont to adopt t^a
suggootions Bade.
s Asen.
yfe
f
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Bay Lsttir
CONFIRMATION OF
#eet«rn Union
Via
MESSAGE 3ENT
Telegraph Company
FROM
NATIONAL UNION BANK
BOSTO N, M ASS.
Boston, laaa,, Dec. 27 9 1913,
Honorable ..illiara G, : cAdoo,
■Secretary of the Trocisury,
Washington, U, C.
^
,
The morning papers announce that you ana Secretary Houston will hold
hearings in Boston January fifth and sixth.
The Massachusetts Bankers
Association will hold its annual banquet in Boston January eighth which
will be attended by rising' five hundred New England bankers.
Can, you
not defer dates of hearings to January seventh and eighth and both you
and Secretary Houston, attend banquet addressing the fathering or not
as you wish.
•
,
>
Charles P* Blinn* Jr*
President, Massachusetts Bankers Association.
Hob* John W* V ^ k « #
United State® Senate,
Washington, S* C*
Sir:
I a requested fcy the 8e»e rve Bank Org&nia&tien Ccwm
nittee to reply to your favor of- December ??, euggeating
that the hearings of the Cor©!tie# be ao arrange aa to
enable Secretary Houston and Secretary tfcAdoo to attend
a luncheon of the H England Banker® at the Copley Flasa
ew
Hotel at noon 0 1 January 8*
1
Oaring to an unavoidable change in the echedule of
hearings, th# Committee will he ttnahla to reach Beaton
u n til
the 9th, and will hold hearings on the 9th aid IOth.
Accordingly, it will he Impoeeible for the Secretaries
to avail themselves of thle invitation.
Reepoctfully.
Secretary pro ten,
Reeerve Bank Organisation Committee.
THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
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W A S H IN G T O N , D. C .
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December 27, 191Zy
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Hon, William G. McAdoo,
Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, D. C.
My dear Mr. Secretary:
I -understand that it is your intention to go
to Boston the 5th or 6th of January to consider the desirability
of establishing a regional bank at that point.
It happens that
there is to be a meeting of the lev; England Bankers at the Copley
Plaza Hotel
for luncheon at noon the 8th of January.
Some two or
three hundred national bank men from all over Hew England will be
there and it seems to me that that would be a desirable time for
you and Secretary Houston, if he is to accompany you, to investigate
the situation; that you could at that time get more information with
less trouble than in any other way.
X have been invited to be there personally because
the new currency bill is to be the subject of discussion but on account
of other engagements, it will be impossible for me to be present.
I hope you may be able to arrange your plans to
attend this meeting.
Yours very truly,
^ ftrfffle e d fromrthe Unclassified / Declassified Holdings o f the National Archives
W A S H IN G T O N , D. C .
December 27, 1913,
Hon, David F* Houston,
Secretary of Agriculture,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr, Secretary:
I am just writing Secretary McAdoo
a letter, a copy of which I enclose, as I find on inquiry
at the Treasury Department that he is somewhat under the
weather,
I hope you will find it convenient to
attend the meeting to Y/hich I refer.
m
enclosure,
r~
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
C O P Y .
UNITED STATES S E M E ,
WASHIHGTOH, D. C.
December 27, 1913.
Hon, William G. McAdoo,
Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, D. C.
My dear Hr. Secretary;
I understand that it is your intention to go
to Boston the 5th or 6th of January to consider the desirability
of establishing a regional bank at that point.
It happens that
there is to be a meeting of the Hew England Bankers at the Copley
Plaza Hotel for luncheon at noon the 8th of January,
Some two or
three hundred national bank men from all over Hew England will be
there and it seems to me that that would be a desirable time for
you and Secretary Houston, if he is to accompany you, to investigate
the situation; that you could at that time get more information with
less trouble than in any other way.
I have been invited
to be there personally because
the new currency bill is to be the subject of discussion but,on account
of other engagements,
it will be impossible for me to be present.
I hope you may be able to arrange your plans to
attend this meeting.
Yours very truly,
JOHH W. WEEKS. ,
m
C O P Y
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
T
h e
M
e r c h a n t s
N
a t io n a l
B
a n k
OF BOSTON.
C A PIT A L $ 3 , 0 0 0 , 0 0 0
E U G E N E V. R . T H A Y E R , p r e s i d e n t
ALFRED L.R IPL E Y , fir st vice p r e s id e n t
A .P . W E E K S , v i c e p r e s mc a s h i e r
C H A R L E S B. WIGG1N , v i c e p r e s i d e n t
FREDERICK C .W A IT E , a s s t , c a s h i e r
WM, F. B U R D E T T , a s s t . c a s h i e r
28
S tate S tre e t
CABLE ADDRESS
MERNATBANK.
]5o sto x,M ass.
Dec. 30, 1913.
Hon. Charles S. Hamlin,
Asst. Secy, of Treasury,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. Hamlin:
Your letter of the 27th reaches me this morning.
It seems to me it would be proper for Secretary
McAdoo to invite to his conference the Presidents of Clearing
House Banks in this City.
Among them I would suggest as most
prominent the following:
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Mr.
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f 4Gt>&, v o c ,
(&Gt
f>
oc c
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
Mr.
fr
f.
£r.
Thomas P. Beal of the Second National
2. Z } <©oc c o o .
Wm. A. Gaston of the National Shawraut
S '? , * 49
D. G. Wing of the First National
7 f t -> * * ,
B. V. R. Thayer of the Merchants National
26o><t
<o
N. P. Hallowell of the National Bank of Commerce/^ $ov, « ?
<
c. R. Batt of the National Security
X, <>,o«<?.
*<
*>
H. K. Hallett of the Fourth-Atlantic National
2,f 3*P0t 0oe>,
h. G. Curtis^ of the Old Boston National
3r6 00
f
H. W. Cumner of the Boylston National
-g# Perkins of the Commercial National
i o o / 00 < ,
0
S ( <}<?&' 0 c o .
J. P. Lyman of the Webster & Atlas National
C. P. Blinn, Jr. of the National Union
<f ¥~& cf c c c
/
A. J. Poster of the Peoples National
2.' 2. OOe £>c><3,
R. G. Fessenden of the American Trust Co.
/ 7< O <200 .
0f
/ C, c G O t < > 0 '
& V<
C. B. Jopp of the Beacon Trust Co.
James R. Hooper of the New England Trust
77, jo e , o v c
Philip Stocktons of the Old Colony Trust
7, 0 0 o, 0 0 c ,
J. H. 0»Heil/of the Federal Trust
^ ^ 9
€>€>€>.
G. S. Mumford of the Commonwealth Trust.
,
J
o y
,
f t c <?£>
K&r.
Mr.
Ct*^r
From the banking houses, one could easily name
such men as
Mr. Henry L. Higginson and Mr. James J. Storrow of Lee,
Higginson & Co.,
Mr. Wm. Endicott and Mr. Webster of Kidder,Peabody & Co.
Mr. G. L* Stone of Hayden,Stone & Co.,
but I have already given you a list much longer than you asked
sresiA
.L'.1j j
a ., iyi
'
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
THE MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON
S HEET N O —
Hon. C. S. Hamlin,
I have not troubled to go into outside organizations
because I supposed they would be communicated with directly.
I trust this will be of assistance, and if I can do
anything further, please command me.
Yours very truly,
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
T • B. S w i f t ,
)
Cashier,
V• B. Howard,? resident,
i
t
J. V#. Stevens
t
i
c. w. Arnold
M
Geo.C •Gil 1
l
J. Il Varney, V. -Pres.
i
i
A. G. Pollard
Ii. 3. Sprague,President
'
t
i
M. P. Clough
w A. M a c k i e , V.-Pres
c. E. Hibbard,Pres ident
H. M. Batchelder, M
V?. A. Lin c o l n , V-Pres.
.
c. W*t Bosworth, Pres.
<
i
tj« K. Bowman
T
i.
T « L. Bradley V - P r c s .
T
Pres.
A. L. Aiken
1'i 11 ers -River "at. Bk.
Athol, Kass.
Home national Bank
Brockton, Lla5S
i
i
First
1
1
1
1
Greenfield,
i
i
Merrimack *
'
“
Haverhill
i
i
Holyoke
”
M
Holyoke
i
i
Bay State ”
w
Lawrence
i
t
Union
M
M
Lowell
i
i
Central
n
”
Lynn
i
t
i
i
Essex Trust Co.
i
First National Bank
.new Bedford i
i
i
Berkshire Loan & Tr.Co.
Pittsfield
t
»
I erchants National Bank
Salem
i
t
Springfield Safe D.& T.Co .Springfield
t
f
i
i
Union Trust Co.
n
i
i
Springfield Natl. Bank
i
t
Hampden
"
1
1
Westfield
i
t
Worcester
V/orcester
1
1
n
Pres.
B. A. Kimball
Tenney
V-Pr e s .
C . A.
t
Cashier
W. L. Mason
Pres.
Heard
A . K.
w
F. w. Estabrook
Cashier
Lew is
S.
Pres.
J. K. Bates
t
t
Calvin Page
liechanicks Natl. Bank
Peoples
H
M
Keene
M
”
Arnoskeag
"
w
Second
M
"
First
M
"
First
"
1
1
Portsraouth Tr.-Guar. Co.
Concord
I .H
T
i
i
Claremont
i
t
Keene
♦
♦
Manchester
t
i
Nashua
i
t
Newport
n
Porstmouth
i
t
Portsmouth
w • v-• Lias on
;
,
Pres.
r * I . biggin
« I
t
t
O’
F. E. Smith V -Pres.
po r11and 1 a11 . Bank
1
Rockland
M
H
Augusta Trust Co.
Portland
Rockland
Augusta
m # P. peckham
j
.
.
h .Mar tin Brown
:
H. J. Wells
A. G. Loomis
Chas. Perry
Newport
R.
Newport Trust Co.
Providence
Industrial Trust
i
i
Rh o d e Island Hospital Tr,
t
t
U nion Trust Co.
Westerly
W a s h ington Trust Co,
Pres.
i
t
»
♦
I
I
I
I
Ka in
t
i
t
i
I.
i
i
n
n
t
i
H. W. Cumner, Pres.,
B . B. Perkins, Pres*-,
*D. G-. Wing, Pres. |
VH. K. Hallett, Pres.-,
^E. V. H. Thayer, Pres.,
N. P. Hallowell, Pres.-,
F. ¥. Rugg, Esq.-, Pres.-,
0. R. Batt, Pres.^
H. S. Grew, Pres.^
*H. G. Curtis, Pres.^
^T. P. Beal* Pres.,
J. P. Lyman, Pres.-,
Robert F* Herrick, Pres.^
^R. G . Fessenden, Pres.-,
^F. J. Bradlee, Pres.-,
C. E. Rogerson, Pres.-,
L. D. Mullen, Pres.-,
G. S. Mumford, Pres.-,
I A. Rhoades, Pres..-,
I.
^John J. Martin, Pres.^
H. 0*lTeil, Pres.,
J. G Ferguson, Pres.,
-.
J. R. Hooper, Pres.^
"^Gordon Abbott (Chairman)
VThiilip Stockton, Pres. .3
Allan Forbes, Pres.,
A. C.Rat shesky, Pres.*
V H. L. Higginson^,
^Frank G. Webster,
^Mayor Fitzgerald
''"Charles Hayden,
^Robert Winsor,
v Hen ry S. Howe,
Henry Hornblower
^W. F. Fitzgerald
THenry A. Bay
Frank B. Bemis
Allan Curtis
*1, T. Burr
A. L. Bevens
Georg^Towle
^Philip Saltonstall
Boylston National Bank
Commercial National Banlc,
First National Bank-,
Fourth-Atl antic National Bank,
Merchants Nat j onal Bank-,
National Bank of Commerce,
National Rockland Bank-,
Nat j on al 8e cur i1 y B ank-,
National Union Bank^
Old Boston National Bank,,
Second National Bank*,
Webster & Atlas National Bank,
Winthrop National Bank,
Ameri can Trust Company
Bay State Trust Company
Boston Safe Dep. & Trust Company,
Char le st own Trust C ornpany
Commonwealth Trust Company
Dorchester Trust Company
Exchange Trust Company
Federal Trust Company
Fidelity Trust Company
New Englsud Trust Company
Old Colony Trust Company
Old Colony Trust Conpajay
State Street Trust Company
United States Trust Company
Lee, Higg3ns0n & Coup ajiy
Kidder, Peabody & Company
Mayor of Boston
Hayden, Stone & Company
Kidder, Peabody & Co*
Lawrence & Company
Hornblower & Weeks
Fitzgerald, Hubbard & Co,
R. L. Bay & Co.
Estabrook & Co.
Curtis & Sanger
Parkinson & Burr
Bevens, Lyman & Co.
Thompson, Towle & Co.
Tucker, Anthony & Co*
fr -p v t
^ ^ ^ ^ S f c S ^ J ^ ^ ^ n c t e s s f f l e c ^ e d a s s i f i e d Holdings of the National Archives
C O U R T O F APPEALS.
A t B o s t o n —Annual term, first Tuesday in
October. Sessions for hearing cases, first
Tuesdays in J a n u a r y and October, and
second Tuesday in April.
D epartm ent
of
D IS T R IC T CO UR T.
A t B o s t o n — Third Tuesday in March, fourth
Tuesday in June, second Tuesday in Sep
tember, and first Tuesday in December.
A t S p r i n g f i e l d — Second Tuesdays in May
and December.
Ju s t ic e .
O F F IC E O F
U n it e d St a t e s Ma r s h a l ,
DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS,
R o o m i o x P o s t O f f i c e B u il d in g .
Bo s t o n ,
D a c a m b a r J iJ X V
Hon. W. G. McAdoo,
Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, D. C.
Dear 3ir:The custodian of the Post Office Building spoke to
me a few days ago about reserving a court room for a hearing
in connection with regional bank matters.
The situation is
such that the larger court rooms will necessarily be engaged,
beginning Monday, January 5th, for some time. But I have se
cured the use of a large committee room (without charge) at
45 Milk Street for any day or days that you wish, and think
that this room may be well suited for the purpose.
This build
ing is centrally located and in it are the United States Internal
Revenue offices.
The room would hold the bankers interested but
not the general public.
In case you care for the use of this
room will you kindly have your secretary advise me.
Yours respectfully,
191 3.
p i
’ RfpMOe@d from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
THE NATIONAL SHAWMUT BANK
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $ 17, 0 0 0 , 0 0 0
O f f ic e o f t h e
BOSTON
P R E S ID E N T
December 3 1 9 1 3 *
H o n o r a b l e Charles S. Hamlin,
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, D. C.
M y dear Sir:
At Mr. Gaston's request I send you
h e r e w i t h another list of prominent bankers and
baiiks in N e w England*
Y ours ve r y truly
Secretary to the President
WAB/G.
bpfotfuced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Aichives
B
oston
Cl e a r in g Ho
use
,
C h a r l e s A R u g g l e s , m an ager.
December 30 # 1913*
Hon. W. G* HeAdoo
Chairman Re serve Bank
Organization C o m ittee
Washington* D. C*
Si rt
I beg to acknowledge your telegram of December 29 advising
rae In regard to change itf date Of hearings in Boston to January
I
'
9 and 10*
Respect fully.
preat. Boston clearing House Association*
f
r!
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ u ^ ^ ra ^ ^ ^ U n c te s s ifie ^ ^ D e d a s s ifie ^ H o ld in g ^ o n h ^ N a tio n a ^ rc h lv e ^
B
oston
Cl e a r in g Ho
use
,
C h a k l e s A . R u g g z .e s , M a n a g e r .
B 06 ton, 1I&88
December 29, 1913*
Hon* William G* Hcidoo,
Chairman, Reserve Bank Organization Committee
Treasury Department
Washington, D« C.
Sir*
X have the honor to acknowledge your coraminication
under date of December twenty-seventh, contents of
*ftileh are carefully noted. . In accordance with the
tenor of the same, I beg to notify you that a meeting
of the Clearing House Association of Boston has been
called for Friday, January second, to consider the
contents of your letter.
Be spectfullyf
President,
Boston Clearing House Association*
^^^^^^S^^rornh^ndassffle^^eclassifie^olding^nh^ationa^rchiv^
THE NATIONAL SHAWMUT BANK
CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $ 17, 0 0 0 , 0 0 0
BOSTD N
W ILLIAM A . BA S T O N
December 29, 1913*
Honorable Charles S. Hamlin,
A s sist a n t Secretary of the Treasury,
Washington, D. C.
My dear Mir. Baird in:
In reply to your telegram I enclose a
l i s t of bankers in Boston who I think are e n t i t l e d to a nearing
upon the question of the establishment of a Federal Reserve Bank
in t h i s c i t y .
I w i l l send you a l i s t tomorrow of names of
prominent bankers in other parts of New ITngland.
Personally
I am str o n g ly in favor of the establishment of & Federal Fsserve
Bank in New England.
I think i t i s M England's r i g h t .
ew
With kind regards, I remain.
Very tru ly yours,
|^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ h ^ n c la S e ^ ^ e c la s s ^ ie ^ o ld in g ^ n ? ^ a t io n ^ A r c W v e s
Notification of meeting in Boston for January 9 and 10 sent by wire December
29, 1913, to the President of the Clearing Ifouse Associations in
^Boston, Mass*
©Portland, He*
(g)Hartford, Conn*
<2£New Haven, Conn*
^Worcester, Mass*
Springfield, Mass
/g Providence, R*X*
j%)Manchester, N.H.,
S t .Albans,Vt*
0
Tkx
Ciyy
( A r w ^ < s y E i^
Hu
< ^ e 6 v ts L ^ c * —
-
/^.
Y\M /)
a
VlM,'
4 ^ J
■ ^ ^ fT
G L c ^ i^
& *-(>
>
Reproduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
TREASURY DEPARTMENT TELEGRAM.
WHERE WRITTEN:
Washington,
December 2f# 1913*
Xo
Prooi&ont
the Clearing House Association*
Boeton*
flio Committee hae found it nofioseary to change date of hearing;* In
in Boetoii to Jim mrf 9th and XOt^
/
#
v/
C h a l m m OrgniBation ^opaslttee*
O F F I C I A L B U S IN E S S .
G O VERNM ENT RATES.
C h a r g e T r e a s u r y D e p a r t m e n t , A p p r o p r ia t io n
2—6827
f o r
______________________________________________________________
T he appropriation from w hich payable m ust be stated on above line.
D E PA RT ME NT AL S T O C K FORM 2 1 2 8 .
'l" ' ’ ^eprdduced from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Sir:
Tho Reserve Bank Organization Committee intends to hold hearings
in the City of Boston on the 5th and 6th of January 1914, and will
be pleased, at that time, to hear representatives of the Clearing House
Association and of the principal business organizations of your city*
You will be advised later of the hour and place*
In addition to such oral statements as may be submitted, written
statements containing statistical or other information bearing on the
subject under consideration may be presented at these hearings, which
in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Reserve Act, will be
held for the purpose of enabling the Committee to decide upon the
location of the Federal Reserve Banks, and the geographical limits of
the districts to be served by these banks*
The Committee will be pleased to receive at that time any informa
tion which may assist them in determining correctly these questions*
Respectfully,
Chairman,
Reserve Bank Organization Committee*
rn m rn w
if i
it ii t
f t * I* re « i4 « n t,
C l e a r i n g H o t m # jUMHMtt&ttimb $
it * Jklbaxm Y«nwnt«
,
Sirs
The Mwmm B»bIe OrgjftniMviien CoroaJttea tat**** to 1»©M ImrSngt
i a t l * City of $ «*t»a «it th* Stl» mat 6th « f immmtf 1IW » «pA « t l !
* • $!•«•*#* at t l» t t t * * # to hMur n>i>r**enUtiTOj *f tin Ci**riftg
m i * f torn principal bmln— n ovvutiftAlion* of year tlty#
? **
will k i ft< h rt*« d la t i r e l tfe».
imifc
. tm rnm Um t© m ©tml »t$t9£*vttft *a any %
*#fc
#
writtf*
•imUmmnU e<mt»i»i»g *tftii*ti«*i »r #th«r iBf©»tl«n fc«*riftg on tfe»
'f«i0r ecm*td#*ifciiiw! m * fe« $r<M fet»* mi tfmm
M
nMeb
in ***«r4ar*«rwitb tl» pwUion* © tfe© toltvml »•»•#*• Mt» will %
f
•
h*J4 for t)* pttrptm ©
I
tha tawtttM .te'A»*l4t t*p«* the
iMftiloft *f tt» T*4mml K»Mrf« Bank** *iwi th* g*ogrmphi«al H aiti «f
it* 4i*trliii* I®
mirred t f thee* %mk»*
fin C<**«d tim w ill ti# g>X**««6 t© m # iv * at tin t t lw any 'in tm t**
U m wHeh m j * a »lt t tfc»s in 4«t«r»&nli>g e©rr*#tly tfc*#« qu*etion»*
R M p a c tfu lly ,
#
C h a ir*M i,
fitiam Bank 0rg*»ii*ti© n Coamdtt##*
--' ••
"
1
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
TREASURY DEPARTMENT
W A S H IN G T O N
December 27, 1913,
The President,
Clearing House Association,
Manchester, Hew Hampshire*
Sir:
The Reserve Bank Organization Committee intends to hold hearings
in the City of Boston on the
5th and 6th of January 1914, and will
be pleased, at that time, to hear representatives of the Clearing House
Association and of the principal business organizations of your city*
You will be advised later of the hour and place.
In addition to such oral statements as may be submitted, written
statements containing statistical or other information bearing on the
subject under consideration may be presented at these hearings, which,
in accordance with the provisions of the Federal Reserve Act, will be
held for the purpose of enabling the Committee to decide upon the
location of the Federal Reserve Banks, and the geographical limits of
the districts to be served by these banks.
The Committee will be pleased to receive at that time any informa
tion which may assist them in determining correctly these questions.
Respectfully,
Chairman,
Reserve Bank Organization Committee.
4# 4 J J t£4tr mtlM
»UkuW0k itiKi4
Reproduced from the Unclassified I Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
WESTEJSM UNIO
TEL
THEO. N. VAIL, PRESIDENT
RECEIVED AT Wyatt Building, Cor. 14th and F Sts., Washington, D. C.
T9BS FR
24 COLLECT QOVT
BN
BOSTON MASS DEC 26 1913
ERVISING ARCHITECT
TREASURY DEPT
WASHINGTON DC
'• .■
■ !
■1
CIRCUIT COURT ROOM AVAILABLE ANY
DAY NOW l^JHTIL JANY FIFTH
AHY SATURDAY AFTER THAT DATE
-
MANSFIELD
i
CUSTODIAN
420PM
li'cfed from the Unclassified / Declassified Holdings of the National Archives
Ausxmam
D eo.
AMR.
o f sm b s
3A-*
2 6 ,1 9 1 3
Custodian,
Poatoffic* &
tre a s u ry .
Boa ton« Masts*
9h«& © Court room, jo u r b uild ing he had for important haaring?
sun
Wf not available acoon, abaolirtoly M c a s a a r y that arr&ngom*ttta bo ibmUUi
for aojae oilier largo roars in building. Vi re m w w * with, mmfamr of room
if Court room Is uoi available. *n»i» inquiry confidential.
To Telegraph Offlo*:
(SIG
NED) B R N fe^EWTON
YO
Ple&ae re*ieat above fl»e*a£* U C»« todiaaa
of follow ing buil<Hng»: Court ~Hott®e 4. F#0## low York *!!•¥•; p.*0*gCin~
cinn&ti gGhio; P*0* #Cloveland ,Ohio; F*0. tChiea£©*113, * *Oua ton~Houo«,
St*X»oui$9tfa* ;P.O. tBenvergC©lo* JP.O. g3e&ttle*$iu*h#|?*0# #Portland,Ora• ;
fV0*gSan FraneiaeOfCal*;F»0*g&e« An£Ole8,Cal*jHow P»0«#Hea$tongTax*{
v*t»&«t!ouae Ic P.O.gB© Orleans,La* ;P»0» ,A tlantat<la*
w
hgsA
(SIG ED) BYRON^NEWTOM
N
Geftaral Expenses*
h g s A
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f V p r o ' t u ^ i ] fro m th e 1
b s ^ jfip I
[>
l a ^ i f H H o ld in g 's o f th e N a tio n a l A rc h iv e s
Q C 'm rzm boston- chamber o f commerce
V
CO iaatTEl BOST0H clr &
rxhg house
akO
\
HRep* P . H. Vtm, T reas* B oston Heal E s ta te Exchange
rfjolm J* M a rtin , P r e s id e n t Exchange T ru s t H o., B o sto n , Mass
* Gorenor W alsh
*
^M ayor F itz g e r a ld
Cong. Thomas J *
A jJ $
^
(
C*wv
Cur.ley ■ /^v
j
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/)
|
ft I
i II
a ft)
V
ttn J / 4 ^ ^ J l ! x
v Hon. - Thomas J* Kenney, C an d id ate f o r la y e r w
^/iienry L . H ig g in s on o f L ee, H igR inson & Co. B ankers
i Mathan B- P r in c e , C a s h ie r Windham County Hat *Bk* D a n ie l so n , Conn.
p -v -v ^ v V
/ v H W K
|r v A
t/1
? B* A. Kiit&all* P r e s id e n t fteohaiucks N a tio n a l Bank, Conoordr N*H♦
T ru s te e o f D artm outh C o lleg e
^ Hon* J o s ia h Q uincy, Bx-iaayor o f B^jram
Oix^tw
y Cong. 7-iu^rayy Bos
y iv o v .
1^C «ng
N i
^
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Chaitfoer o f Commerce,--
T T T a lp ie ^
C\A/2-V
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-
—
)
J R e p re s e n ta tiv e
ng M erchants N a tio n a l Bank,
Provlden oe, R. I .
f
o f B o s f^ h A f r i c a n
R e p r e s e n t a t i v e o f Boston P o st V .
gW B a n c r o f t, Chairman
k
lk 4
-
J'Cong. l ! i t c h e H t 1 3 th D i s t r i c t
01
j
tn o D ir e c to r s o f th e P o rt o f B oston
Chas* W• B a rro n , P r o p r i e t o r .Boston News B ureau, le a d in g f i n
a n c i a l p ap er in B o sto n .
Chas • B« S ire c k e r* P r o p r ie to r f i n a n c i a l Iimm
Hon* P rank H*
Pope,
S ta te A u d it « r
Kline r J* S te v e n s , ’ S ta te T re a s u re r
P r o f e s s o r Sprague o f H arvard C o lleg e
i:r.. Mans f ie ld * T re a s . K leo t Corammwealth o f B a s s .
Y A* IU H eard, P r e s id e n t Amoskeap N a tio n a l B k.,.M anchester, M. H.
1
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C L O C l 'U i s i J
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o u P L iM G b f N i p p l e s , V a l v e s , C o c k s
H e n ryO . Evans
MECHANICAL ENGINEER
m e m
.Am .Soc.M .E.
BUILT B Y
t h e BEAMAN & s m i t h CO.
P
r o v id en c e
, R . I.
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A u t o m a t i c In d e p e n d e n t R
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C o u p l i n g s , n i p p l e s ,v a l v e s , C o c k s
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MECHANICAL ENGINEER
Me
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THE BEAMAN & SMITH C O .
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A u t o m a t ic
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