The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.
•- r https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Collection: Paul A. Volcker Papers Call Number: MC279 Box 11 Preferred Citation: Congressional Correspondence, March-August 1982 [Folder 1]; Paul A. Volcker Papers, Box 11; Public Policy Papers, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library Find it online: http://findingaids.princeton.edu/collections/MC279/c450 and https://fraser.sdouisfed.orearchival/5297 The digitization ofthis collection was made possible by the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. From the collections of the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library, Princeton, NJ These documents can only be used for educational and research purposes ("fair use") as per United States copyright law. By accessing this file, all users agree that their use falls within fair use as defined by the copyright law of the United States. They further agree to request permission of the Princeton University Library (and pay any fees, if applicable) if they plan to publish, broadcast, or otherwise disseminate this material. This includes all forms of electronic distribution. Copyright The copyright law of the United States (Tide 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Under certain conditions specified in the law, libraries and archives are authorized to furnish a photocopy or other reproduction. One of these specified conditions is that the photocopy or other reproduction is not to be "used for any purpose other than private study, scholarship or research." If a user makes a request for, or later uses, a photocopy or other reproduction for purposes not permitted as fair use under the copyright law of the United States, that user may be liable for copyright infringement. Policy on Digitized Collections Digitized collections are made accessible for research purposes. Princeton University has indicated what it knows about the copyrights and rights of privacy, publicity or trademark in its finding aids. However, due to the nature of archival collections, it is not always possible to identify this information. Princeton University is eager to hear from any rights owners, so that it may provide accurate information. When a rights issue needs to be addressed, upon request Princeton University will remove the material from public view while it reviews the claim. Inquiries about this material can be directed to: Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library 65 Olden Street Princeton, NJ 08540 609-258-6345 609-258-3385 (fax) mudd@princeton.edu https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Congressional March-August 1982 1 .*.(:)VG01/4!*. 4'4'c;% BOARD OF GOVERNOR5 OFTHE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM .c) • .x.`" • •A`‘,• •• .• •.. REs • • •• WASHINGTON.O.C. 20551 August 26, 1982 Ms. Carolina W. Barrie Dear Ms. Barrie: This is in further response to your letter to Chairman Garn of the Senate Banking Committee concerning a wire transfer of funds. You stated that you transferred $6,000 in cash and $20,000 in third party traveler's checks by telex on March 10, 1982, from the Singapore office of the Morgan Guaranty Trust Company to your margin account with Merrill, Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, and Smith. You also claim that it was your understanding that all funds would be credited to your account on the same day. However, the $6,000 cash portion of the transfer was not credited to your account until March 24, 1982, and the $20,000 portion of the transfer in third party traveler's checks was not credited until March 30, 1982. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York has completed its investigation of the matter and I would like to inform you of our findings. Upon being notified by you that the $6,000 cash portion of the transfer had not been credited as of March 10, 1982, Morgan Guaranty Trust mailed you a check in the amount of $104.58 to compensate for the loss of interest. Morgan Guaranty Trust determined this amount by paying the average Federal funds rate of 14.82 percent for the 14 day period, by returning the $10.00 cable charge, and by returning the $60.00 portion of the remittance charge levied by the bank for transferring the cash amount. The investigation by the Reserve Bank also revealed that the $20,000 portion of your transfer that was in third party traveler's checks was not credited to your account until March 30, 1982, since traveler's checks are handled on a collection basis, as are personal checks. This means that a depositor's account is not credited until the bank is assured that all funds are collectible. The Reserve Bank's investigation indicated that as soon as the New York office of Morgan Guaranty Trust notified the Singapore office that it was in possession of the funds, your account with Merrill Lynch was credited. With regard to the traveler's checks, there are no federal laws or regulations which prescribe a minimum time frame in which a bank must clear such checks, and the Reserve Bank's https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Ms. Carolina W. Barrie Page Two investigation concluded that, because of the distance involved in the transaction as well as the fact that the checks were third party traveler's checks, the twenty days Morgan Guaranty needed to complete the investigation is not excessive. Consequently, Morgan Guaranty's position that it is not necessary to compensate you for this portion of the transfer does not seen unreasonable. however, if you can provide supporting documentation that Morgan Guaranty's Singapore office did, in fact, promise to credit your account on March 10, 1982, we would be happy to pursue the matter further. I hope this information is useful to you. mw know if I may be of further assistance. Sincerely, KSIgned) Donald MO Donald J. Winn Assistant to the Board cc: Chairman Garn SP:AFC:pjt (#V-131) bcc: Ms. Potkai Mrs. Mallardi https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Please let https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis June 24. 1982 Ms. Carolina W. Barrie Dear Ms. Barrie: Chairman Garn of the Senate Banking Committee has asked the Board to respond to your letter to him apore concerning a wire transfer of funds from the Sing your office of the Morgan Guaranty Trust Company to h. account with Merrill, Lynch, Pierce, Fenner, and Smit We have asked the Federal Reserve Bank of New York to look into this matter, and I expect to have a response to you in the near future. Sincerely, Donald J. Winn Assistant to the Board cc: Chairman Garn CO:vcd (#V-131) bcc: Susan Potkai (for follow-up) Action assigned Janet Hart JAIER BARN, UTAH, CHAIRMAN • 6- JO a< TOMLIN!, TEX. PA. JOHN WILJ-IAM L. ARMSTRONG, COLO. RICHARD G. LJJCIAR, ALFONSE M. DAMATO. N.Y. JOHN N. CHAFES, R.I. HARRISON "JACK" SCHMITT, N. MEX. NICNOL.A.111 F. BRADY, N.J. DONALD W. RICOLJE, JR., MICH. WILLIAM PROXMIRE, WIS. ALAN CRANSTON. CALIF. PAUL S. SARSAMES. MD. CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, CONN. ALAN J. DIXON, ILL. JIM SASSER, TENN. M. DANNY WALL. STAPP DIRECTOR ALMCRT C.[ISENBERG, ACTING MINORITY STAFF DIRECTOR 'ZICrtifeb ,Stafez -.Senate COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS WASHINGTON. D.C. 20510 (en Cb ,Z• • NI tf, 4ad z Et StCL_ June 7, 1982 v// ( /I k•-.. 14-( 4.,C1) C:);:4-1 CZ) Cta "r,r ct tr) alt ""'D rs% ) 440 ;4- C. :Z° cn https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ) ••-• LAJ C-3 4t oThe Honorable Paul A. Volcker, Chairman Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Washington, D. C. 20551 Dear Mr. Chairman: Enclosed is a letter sent to me in view of my position as Chairman of the Senate Banking Committee. I would appreciate your having a member of your staff review this matter and respond directly to Ms. Barrie with a copy to me for my consideration. Sincerely yours, Jake arn Chairman JG:skr enclosure .. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Mr. Preston April 5, 1982 Page Two was on Friday, March 26, 1982. We found that on March 24 was deposited to my account. There . On March was no trace of the was deposited to my 30, the account. Morgan would not pay the interest which I was being charged on my margin account at Merrill, Lynch from March 10 until date of deposit. There is no explanation of the delay in the deposits. For the travelers cheques Morgan states they had to clear. Clear what?? I could have cashed the cheques on March 10 and handed Mr. Lai in cash. I had additional funds in personal cheques, which Mr. Lai did say could not be telexed that day. Therefore, I brought those cheques back to the United States for deposit. In view of the manner in which this was handled, the inconvenience, and the enormous aggravation of fighting with Morgan Guarantaie for many weeks, I believe that not 4% from / only the interest pgid by me at an average of 171 fee paid March 10 until date of deposit but also the by me should be reimbursed to me. This fee has outraged the executives at Merrill, Lynch. It has also shocked my friends who are in the banking business. I feel all the above should be brought to your attention. The NON banking attitude of your employees in New York, the complete lack of professionalism and the complete insensibility of the responsibility when dealing with other people's funds. Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter. Sincerely, Carolina W. Barrie CWB:tsp/al CC: Senator Jake Garne Chairman Senate Banking Committee • •. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Mr. Preston April 5, 1982 Page Two was on Friday, March 26, 1982. We found that on March 24 was deposited to my account. There . On March was no trace of the was deposited to my 30, the account. Morgan would not pay the interest which I was being charged on my margin account at Merrill, Lynch from March 10 until date of deposit. There is no explanation of the delay in the deposits. For the travelers cheques Morgan states they had to clear. Clear what?? I could have cashed the cheques on March 10 and handed Mr. Lai in cash. I had additional funds in personal cheques, which Mr. Lai did say could not be telexed that day. Therefore, I brought those cheques back to the United States for deposit. In view of the manner in which this was handled, the inconvenience, and the enormous aggravation of fighting with Morgan Guarantse for many weeks, I believe that not 4% from / only the interest pgid by me at an average of 171 fee paid March 10 until date of deposit but also the by me should be reimbursed to me. This fee has outraged the executives at Merrill, Lynch. It has also shocked my friends who are in the banking business. I feel all the above should be brought to your attention. The NON banking attitude of your employees in New York, the complete lack of professionalism and the complete insensibility of the responsibility when dealing with other people's funds. Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter. Sincerely, Carolina W. Barrie CWB:tsp/al CC: Senator Jake Garne Chairman Senate Banking Committee April 2, 1982 g to your dealings with Morgan Here is all the information pertainin Guarantee: Mr. Lewis T. Preston Chairman of the Board 23 Wall Street 10015 New York, NY s case, which has been assigned thi in l pfu hel t mos was who an The wom #E325820107: Morgan Guarantee 2215 Broad St. 10015 New York, NY Attn: Investigation Dept. Delores Selby e received in New York in the She found out that your funds wer following manner: with an order to deposit received from Singapore on 3/24/82 . into Merrill Lynch account with order to deposit received from Singapore on 3/30/82 . sub account into wire from Singapore, they claimed Delores has told me that in her not wire Federal funds on the that they had told you they could ared. in traveler's checks until they cle about why the She could not get an explanation days to g et to New York. in cash to 14 ch wire sent to Singapore on Lyn l ril Mer the of ts ten con the Here is 3/23/82: "To: William Y. G. Lai Morgan Guarantee, Singapore ore RF 24460 Morgan Guarantee Singap 3/10/82 FROM YOUR OFC TO MORGAN IN RECEIPT OF 26M FED FUNDS WIRE GUARANTEE NEW YORK RECEIPT NBR 0411 TO DEPOSIT IN MERRILL LYNCH ACCT FROM 0 I ALSO EXPECT INTEREST ON THE 26M PLS REMIT TRANSFER FEE T SIGNED CAROLINE WINSTON BARRIE 3/10/82 TILL FED FUNDS HIT THE ACC https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • • • • ft • WILLIAM Y G LAI CUSTOMER OPERATIONS MORGAN GUARANTY TRUS T COMPANY 2901 DOS TOwER. I SHENTON WAY. SINGAPORE 0108 TELEPHONE 2204144 TELEX RS 24440 MGT SING MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST COMPANY OF NEW YORK Tower 2901, DBS Building,6 Shenton Way,Singapore 0106. N? (Incorporated with Limited Liability In the State of New York. U.S.A.) 0411 OFFICIAL RECEIPT A c-1 tl3,14. L. Received from Amount in words for I tit., L f,_ ct.t. t (-f S Cash/Cheque No. /5e•-4— , Drawn on (Name of Bank) https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 11:r.e Authorised Signature BD30 FEB81 * es* . .• 0f.• GOvt •. ,•. z• O Cr". i: it • c-) • .1... (-). o -i ) BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM 4.. 0,7 ., .IRALizf.s.:.' ••• • • • WASHINGTON, O. C. 20551 PAUL A. VOLCKER August 25, 1982 CHAIRMAN The Honorable Bill McCollum House of Representatives 20515 Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. McCollum: I appreciate your letter of August 19 recommending Mr. Walter S. Falk as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Mr. Falk's qualifications will receive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appointments to the Council. We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, Sflaul A.VOS-14 CO:pjt (#V-192) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/copy of incoming) https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Mrs. Mallardi (2) ft BILL McCOLLUM 00,DISTRICT, FLORIDA ;: COM MITTEE ON BANKING, FINANCE AND URBAN AFFAIRS Conctroz of tbe Elniteb btate5 1313 LONGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 (202) 225-2176 jiptust of Repretentatibd DISTRICT' OFFICES: actington,0.e. 20515 COM MITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis l(1 SUITE 204 701 EAST ALTAMONTE Dvervi ALTAMONTE SPRINGS, FLORIDA 32701 (305)830-6655 SUITE 224 5800 U.S. HI014WAY 19 Nowni HOLIDAY. FLORIDA 33590 (813)937-4231 FROM N. Pwsco Cautery, Tau_ num 845-0846 August 19, 1982 111 Scum ST11 ST1tEET LEESBURG. FLORIDA 3234111 (004) 787-1700 Ti CCP t"*4 4 1 'on CP 1-• cyl 711 'I"▪' 1./ C3 ✓rt CD C) -1111 The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman Board of Governors Federal Reserve System Washington, D.C. 20551 cn CA-) --t c- " r :" r •; r "3/g I • • ""*".. -1 " 0 1' Dear Mr. Chairman: Mr. Walter S. Falk, Miami, Florida, has been nominated for membership on the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. Mr. Falk has been active for many years in Florida's financial community and has considerable expertise in the mortgage banking field. Although I do not know Mr. Falk personally, it is my understanding he would be an able representative for the State of Florida and our region of the country. Mr. Falk does have a commitment to the consumer and I believe his thoughts would hold merit on your Council. Therefore, I urge your consideration of Mr. Falk for this position. Your time and attention to this matter is deeply appreciated. BILL McCOLLUM Member of Congress BMcC/law s ' C (40 t.r August 25, 1982 The Honorable Claude Pepper House of Representatives 20515 Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Pepper: recommending I appreciate your letter of August 24 rd's Consumer Advisory Mr. Walter S. Falk as a member of the Boa k's qualifications will Council. I can assure you that Mr. Fal rd makes the 1982 receive full consideration when the Boa appointments to the Council. We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, CO:pjt (#V-199) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/copy of incoming) https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • ." August 24, 1982 ( The Honorable Pete V. Domenici Chairman Cammittee on the Budget United States Senate 20510 Washington, D.C. Dear Chairman Domenici: Thank you for your letter of August 13 forwarding a question from Senator Grassley as a follaw up to my testimony before your Committee on July 28. As you requested, enclosed is my response to Senator Grassley's question for inclusion in the record of the hearing. Sincerely, Enclosure cc: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Senator Grassley CO:pjt (#V-193) bcc: Mike Prell Mrs. Mallardi (2)v/ • ,, Chairman Volcker subseauently submitted the following response to a written question received from Senator Grassley in connection with the hearing before the Senate Budget Committee on July 28, 1982: uestion: I'd like to follow up on an exchange I had with you uring your appearance before the Senate Budget Committee July 28, 1982: A recent study done by the Treasury Department shows that the increase in money variability has added anywhere from 200 to 300 points to the general level of interest rates. This is contrary to your stated view that money variability is not a significant factor in keeping interest rates high. Even when taking the lower estimate of 200 points, there is still a significant increase in the rate of interest due to variability. It is especially significant when borrowers view long-term rates. Would you please comment on why your views and those of the Treasury should be at odds? I understand that the Treasury study has been shown to the Federal Reserve, so you should be familiar with it. Answer: The notion that variability in the growth of money has an important relationship to the level of interest rates has recently been advanced by a few economists of the monetarist school. The hypothesis is apparently that expectations of market participants about the long-run course of inflation (and therefore interest rates) are confused and upset by shortterm variability of the money supply, leading to a substantial "risk premium" on interest rates. While I do believe uncertainty and skepticism about future inflation, as I have repeatedly testified, can be an important influence on interest rates, and particularly longterm rates, I find it inherently implausible to attach so much https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis -2- supply to the weight to short-term variability in the money expectations shaping of either inflationary or interest rate over a considerable period of time ahead. Among other things, phenomenon one would have to ask why there is not a similar variable. abroad, where money supply tends to be even more Plausible or not, the hypothesis presumably can be subjected to the test of evidence and its consistency examined. In this regard, we have looked at, and examined the Treasury study referred to in your question. study does not make the case. Our analysis indicates the Its approach -- in terms of its analytical framework and its choice of sample periods -- suggests a bias toward a particular and, I feel, wrong conclusion. The Treasury study, in effect, assumes a simply model of the way ude or investors' expectations are shaped and does not excl examine other hypotheses. the inferences I don't believe that the market draws y supply that the study from short-term movements in the mone that a meaningful behavioral indicates, and it would be my opinion rest rates would have to model of the credit markets and inte framework used by the Treasury be much fuller and richer than the end, the Treasury's results for its statistical exercise. In the ion in the movements of amount to a case of observing a correlat , deducing from that two variables and, I suspect fallaciously correlation a direct casual link. For instance, a similar rved with fluctuations (indeed stronger) correlation can be obse the money supply). in short-term interest rates (rather than https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis on can not be unWhile this alternative explanati hniques employed any more tec the by ted ida val ly cal ivo equ ng money supply volatility, relati than can the explanation with actual fluctuations in market risk premia in market rates to ity. In that regard, I rates has more inherent plausibil rt-term variability in the would point out that if less sho e volatility in short-term money supply is accompanied by mor ority of economists believe, maj at gre the as es, rat st ere int sk" premia in market rates. "ri her hig be ld cou ult res net the PETE V. DOMENIC!, N. MEX., CHAIRMAN WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG, COLO. NANCY LANDON KASSEBAUM, KANS. RUDY ECtSCHWITZ, MINN. ORRIN G. HATCH, UTAH JOHN TOWER, TEX. MARK ANDREWS, N. DAK. STEVEN D. SYMMS, IDAHO CHARLES GRASSLEY, IOWA ROBERT W. KASTEN, WIS. DAN QUAYLE. IND. SLADE GORTON. WASH. ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, S.C. LAWTON CHILES, FL_A. JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., DEL. J. BENNETT JOHNSTON, LA. JIM SASSER, TENN. GARY HART, COLO. HOWARD M. METZENBAUM, OHIO DONALD W. RIEGLE. JR., MICH. DANIEL PA"-RICK MOYNIHAN, N.Y. J. JAMES EXON, NEBR. STEPHEN SELL, STAFF DIRECTOR LIZASETH TANKERSLEY, MINORITY STAFF DIRECTOR 11Cnifeb Zicztez Zenate COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET WASHINGTON. D.C. 20510 August 13, 1982 • f r. (V, ri CD (VP 7.1 1=30 C3 r- r) fl-•'gm -nrri (ja t2 rf, !.1%. ?at 3 , 7 The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Washington, D.C. 20551 Dear Mr. Chairman: Enclosed is a question that a Senator on the Budget Committee submitted to follow up on your testimony of July 28, 1982. The hearing record is being held open for an additional ten days, so we would appreciate a response by August 27, 1982. Thank you for your attention to this matter. (Sincere Ys P te V. Domenici hairman Enclosure https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis . , . QUESTION FOR CHAIRMAN VOLKER Submitted by Senator Charles Grassley Chairman Volker: I'd like to follow up on an exchange I had with you during your appearance before the Senate Budget Connittee July 28, 1982: A recent study done by the Treasury Department shows that the increase in money variability has added anywhere from 200 to 300 points to the general level of interest rates. This is contrary to your stated view that money variability is not a significant factor in keeping interest rates high. Even when taking the lower estimate of 200 points, there is still a significant increase in the rate of interest due to variability. It is especially significant when borrowers view long-term rates. Would you please comment on why your views and those of the Treasury should be at odds? I understand that the Treasury study has been shown to the Federal Reserve, so you should be familiar with it. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Thank you. . August 20, 1982 4 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Joseph G. Minish House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Minish: I appreciate your letter of August 18 recommending Ms. Patricia DeFerrari as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Ms. DeFerrari's qualifications will receive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appointments to the Council. We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, Eny.3 CO:vcd (V-189) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/copy of incoming Mrs. Mallardi (2) 1I JOSEPH G. MINISH MMEOFFICES: 11TH DISTRICT, NEW JERSEY UNITED STATES POST OFFICE ORANGE, NEW JERSEY COMMITTEE ON BANKING, FINANCE AND URBAN AFFAIRS CHAIRMAN,sUBCOMMITTEE ON GENERAL OVERSIGHT AND RENEGOTIATION COM MITTEE ON HOUSE ADMINISTRATION CHAIRMAN, SUBCOMMITTEE ON PERSONNEL AND POLICE 07050 PHONE-AREA CODE 201. 645-6363 OR 645-6364 Congro5 of the Einiteb UNITED STATES POST OFFICE BLOOMFIELD, NEW JERSEY jDotuse of RepresSentatibesi 07003 PHONE-AREA CODE 201. 645-6299 WASHINGTON OFFICE stington33.C. 20515 ; 2182 RAYBURN BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 PHONE-AREA CODE 202, 225-5035 August 18, 1982 un am -ri X, c: Mr. Paul A. Volcker Chairman Board of Governors The Federal Reserve System 20th Street and Constitution Ave. N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 CD7.1 rr% _A t) r" 7,t1 NJ CD ..•••••• . . C03 1 I would like to recommend Ms. Patricia DeFerrari for a position on the Federal Reserve Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I have met Ms. DeFerrari in her capacity as a Councilwoman in Secaucus, New Jersey. She has impressed me as an intelligent and capable woman. Moreover, her election and successful six years of service are a credit to her abilities and determination. She has expressed her sincere interest in public service and the Consumer Advisory Council should be an appropriate position to utilize her talents and knowledge. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis With kind regards, I am Sincerely yours, 0? Joseih G. Minish, M C. ) ;;;" Dear Ms. DeFerrari's address is 705 First Street, Secaucus, New Jersey 07094. = , .1x 4IE) I would be most appreciative if Ms. DeFerrari's application could receive every possible consideration. I believe these applications were directed to Ms. Dolores S. Smith, Assistant Director of the Division of Consumer and Community Affairs. r" MI Fs" https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 20, 1932 The Honorable Benjamin S. Rosenthal Chairman Subcormnittee on Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs Committee on Government Operations House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Chairman Rosenthal: Thank you for your letter of August 18 confirming the date of your Subcommittee's hearing on foreign investment in U. S. banks. Governor Henry C. Uallich is looking forvard to appearing, on behalf of the Board, on September 30 at 10:00 a.m. Sincerely, Wm1 CO:vcd (V-187) bcc: Gov. Wallich Messrs. Dahl, Gemmill Ms. Jacklin 4',7-4<... 277 r2.) .•. • of GOV/ •1,A;19 . : •• '0 • •ri OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON.0.C. 20551 • August 20, 1982 The Honorable Thomas S. Foley House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Foley: Thank you for your letter requesting comment on correspondence you received from Ms. Sharon Ediger asking whether Article I, Section 10 of the United States Constitution is still binding on the State of Washington. Article I, Section 10, which has not been repealed and has never been amended, prohibits any state, including Washington, from making anything other than gold or silver coin a legal tender in payment of debts. The Supreme Court, in the Legal Tender Cases (Juilliard v. Greenman, 110 U.S. 421 at 426 (1884)), construed this clause to apply only to the states and not to the Federal Government. Consequently, while no state government may make anything other than gold or silver coin a legal tender in payment of debts, the Federal Government is not limited in what it may designate as legal tender. Article I, Section 8, clause 5 of the Constitution grants to the Federal Government the exclusive power to coin money and regulate its value. Pursuant to this grant of authority, Congress enacted Section 392 of Title 31 of the United States Code which makes currency of the United States legal tender for payment of all debts, public and private. Congress was also relying upon this Constitutional mandate when it passed the Federal Reserve Act of 1913. Federal Reserve notes, issued pursuant to Section 16 of the Federal Reserve Act (12 U.S.C. § 411), are obligations of the United States. These notes are issued at the discretion of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and, as provided in 31 U.S.C. § 392, are a legal tender for all debts, public and private, including state and local taxes. In this connection, your constituent may be interested in Hatfield v. Commissioner, a 1977 tax court case that discusses legal tender; a copy of this case is enclosed. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • BOARD OF GOVERNORS PA4,3 keittaA-4 (v—(veJ) The Honorable Thor;las S. Foley Page Two I hope this information is useful to you. me know if I can be of further assistance. Sincerely, (Vgne0DmMflAhm Donald J. Winn Assistant to the Board Enclosure CO:vcd (V-185) bcc: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Mrs. Mallardi Please let https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 18, 1982 The Uonorable Pete V. Domenici United States Senate washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Domenici: I have your letter of today inquiring of my views about the expenditure and revenue legislation before the Congress, which, as I understand it, essentially implements major portions of the First Budget Resolution adopted earlier. As you know, I do not feel it appropriate to covatent on the specific spending and revsnue actions contained in the bills before you. But I would emphasize the larger question at stake. I testified before your Committee recently that, while the particular actions proposed may not represent "perfection,' I strongly welcomed the effort of the Congress to achieve greater fiscal restraint, and that indeed I -- and the markets would be looking toward "converting the intentions expressed in the First Budget Resolution into concrete legislative action." Our prospective deficits are simply too large. We must recognize that monetary policy is only one instrument of economic policy, and our conmon objective of a strong and prosperous economy del:ends on diprol.riate and complementary fiscal policy. If we are to achieve and sustain lower interest rates -- and avoid preempting funds needea-Tor housing, business investment, agriculture, and small businesses in the years ahead -- greater fiscal discipline is needed. The bills before you represent important steps in that direction. Controversy about particular provisions should not obscure that fact. My earlier testimony suggested failure to carry through now on the overall intentions of tne Budget Resolution would, in my judgment, carry the implication to a simptical audience in the narkets and elsewheee that Congress will be unaLle to deal effectively with the large budget deficits looming ahead. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Pete V. Donenici - Page Two. Those effects on expectations would, in turn, have an adverse impact on credit markets and the prospects for sustaining declines in interest rates. I continue to believe that it is of critical importance to the budgetary outlook and confidence in the markets that the conclusion of Congressional deliberations be the realization of the improvementin the fiscal position contemplateo by the Budget Resolution. Sincerely, SZPaul A. Volcker PAV:ccm PETE V. DOMENIC!, WILLI L. ARMSTRONG, COLO. NANC, 41i0ON KASSEBAUM, KANS. RUDY 80S4....HWITZ, MINN. ORRIN G. HATCH, UTAH ...44N TOWER, TEX. !MARK ANDREWS. N. DAK. STEVEN D. SYMMS, IDAHO CHARLES GRASSLEY, IOWA ROBERT W. KASTEN, WIS. DAN QUAYLE, IND. SLADE GORTON. WASH. EX., CHAIRMAN ERNEST F. HOLLINGS, S.C. LAWTON CHILES. FLA. JOSEPH R. BIDEN, JR., DEL. J. BENNETT JOHNSTON, LA. JIM SASSER, TENN. GARY HART, COLO. HOWARD M. METZENBAUM, OHIO DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR., MICH. DANIEL PATRICK MOYNIHAN, N.Y. J. JAMES EXON, NEBR. 'Unita)Zfafez Zonate COMMITTEE ON THE BUDGET WASHINGTON. D.C. 20510 STEPHEN AEU_ STAFF DIRECTOR UZASETH TANKERSLEY, MINORITY STAFF DIRECTOR August 18, 1982 9 / 4 gto The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Washington, D.C. 20551 Dear Chairman Volcker: As you know, Congress is considering what many people regard as historic legislation, the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982 and the Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1982, which implement the fiscal decisions in the First Concurrent Budget Resolution for FY 1983. Taken together, this legislation reduces the federal deficit by about $130 billion over the next three years. Since you are a leading figure in the implementation of economic policy, I would appreciate your views on the effect of this legislation on financial markets and the long term growth potential of our country. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis S er --''""4-w--/ ete V. Domenici Chairman https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • • ••• • Of GOVt • • / ,4 .o .m BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON, O. C 20551 ••4wAL REs PAUL A. VOLCKER CHAIRMAN August 18, 1982 The Honorable Pete V. Domenici United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Domenici: I have your letter of today inquiring of my views about the expenditure and revenue legislation before the Congress, which, as I understand it, essentially implements major portions of the First Budget Resolution adopted earlier. As you know, I do not feel it appropriate to comment on the specific spending and revenue actions contained in the bills before you. But I would emphasize the larger question at stake. I testified before your Committee recently that, while the particular actions proposed may not represent "perfection," I strongly welcomed the effort of the Congress to achieve greater fiscal restraint, and that indeed I -- and the markets -would be looking toward "converting the intentions expressed in the First Budget Resolution into concrete legislative action." Our prospective deficits are simply too large. We must recognize that monetary policy is only one instrument of economic policy, and our common objective of a strong and prosperous economy depends on appropriate and complementary fiscal policy. If we are to achieve and sustain lower interest rates -- and avoid preempting funds needed for housing, business investment, agriculture, and small businesses in the years ahead -- greater fiscal discipline is needed. The bills before you represent important steps in that direction. Controversy about particular provisions should not obscure that fact. My earlier testimony suggested failure to carry through now on the overall intentions of the Budget Resolution would, in my judgment, carry the implication to a skeptical audience in the markets and elsewhere that Congress will be unable to deal effectively with the large budget deficits looming ahead. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Pete V. Domenici - Page Two. Those effects on expectations would, in turn, have an adverse impact on credit markets and the prospects for sustaining declines in interest rates. I continue to believe that it is of critical importance to the budgetary outlook and confidence in the markets that the conclusion of Congressional deliberations be the realization of the improvement in the fiscal position contemplated by the Budget Resolution. Sincerely, agm https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 17, 1982 The Honorable William D. Lowery House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Lowery: I am pleased to furnish responses to the written questions you submitted in connection wit h the hearing on July 21. Please let me know if I can be of further assistance. Sincerely, :,leaul A. Mau Enclosures CO:vcd (#348) bcc: Mike Prell Mrs. Mallardi (2) • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis First set of questions from Rep. Lowery 1. Surely many sectors of our economy - housing, thrift institutions, agriculture, automobiles - and now some commercial banks - are in very serious financial condition because of the current level of interest rates. What do you predict for interest rates for the balance of this year? It has been my practice as Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board to avoid getting into the business of interest rate forecasting, partly because of the inherent imprecision of such forecasts and partly because of a desire to avoid undesirable effects on expectations. What I would say is that I agree lower interest rates would prove beneficial to many segments of the economy now suffering financial stress and that I hope we will see some extension in the months ahead of the decline in rates that has occurred in the past couple of months. The Federal Reserve's 1982 monetary targets, in an environment of moderate improvement in economic activity and no more than a small uptick in inflation from the first-half pace, should provide adequate liquidity to the economy. My major concern would be that federal borrowing requirements might weigh too heavily on credit markets, both in terms of current flows of funds and in terms of investors' long-range expectations regarding interest rates and inflation. This is why I have placed such emphasis on getting the federal government on a clear track to fiscal balance; such action is needed to remove one of the key impediments to a substantial lowering of interest rates. Over the longer haul, I have ex- pressed the view that current levels of interest rates, especially in the long-term area, are extraordinarily high, given any reasonable degree of success in our anti-inflation program, and thus have nowhere to go but down. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2. Without risking a return to double-digit inflation, is there anything the Federal Reserve Board can do to help moderate interest rates? There is no quick fix for high interest rates in the hands of the Federal Reserve. Efforts to force down rates through massive supplies of reserves to the banking system would, as you hint at in your question, run a serious risk of reinvigorating inflation. By sticking to our course of monetary restraint, how- ever, the System can provide one essential ingredient in a sustained lowering of interest rates. Such a policy will work to slow inflation, thereby contributing to the reduction in inflationary expectations that is especially important in encouraging investors to cominit their funds to intermediate- and long-term debt instruments. Put another way, in our judgment, the policy we are following is aimed at bringing down interest rates in a way that will allow them to stay down once they come down. This process could be hastened by appropriately complementary fiscal action. . 3. In your view, does the Federal Reserve Board need additional authority from Congress in order to accurately target the monetary aggregates? I have indicated that consideration should be given to empowering the Federal Reserve to apply reserve requirements to the transactions-type assets created by non-depository institutions such as money market mutual funds. Such a step would enhance our ability to control the money supply and to achieve our targets. I think, however, that the most ithinediate problem today is not one of achieving precise monetary control but rather one of ensuring a continuity of policy--of avoiding a repetition of the stop-go approach to inflation fighting that has proven so costly in the past--by sticking with our basic course of monetary discipline. Indeed, there is a sense in which over-precise monetary control is neither possible nor desirable. This is partly because the N https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis different monetary aggregates mean different things at different times, which is why we look at several measures of money as well as other financial and economic data in formulating policy. . https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4. With the rate of inflation for this year most widely expected to be in the 6-7% range, why are interest rates 9 to 10 points higher? As you know, interest rates have fallen considerably in recent weeks; nonetheless, the basic thrust of your question about why nominal rates are high remains relevant. response, to several factors. I would point, in One is quite simply that when mone- tary growth is restrained in the face of a stubborn inflation, short-term interest rates tend to rise--and to remain relatively high--until the price level has adjusted to the new monetary realities. Such pressures are exacerbated by the presence of heavy demands for credit by the federal government, which tends to muscle private borrowers out of the market as it bids for funds. Another important point--especially in the longer-term markets--is that long-range inflation expectations and fears may have been relatively little affected by the thus far brief experience with reduced inflation, owing to the fact that, throughout the post World War II period, such decelerations have repeatedly been followed by reacceleration to still higher rates of price increase. Such concerns are heightened by the fiscal imbalance, which many people see as spelling either directly or indirectly (through eventual "monetization of the debt") renewed inflationary pressures in the years ahead. 5. Some economists have stated that there is a two-year lag time in the correlation between inflation and interest rates. Do you agree with that statement? The statistical lead-lag relationship between movements in inflation and interest rates is not clear-cut, a fact that is not surprising given the complex linkages between the two variables. On the one hand, inflation would tend to lead interest rates through several mechanisms, including the development of inflation expectations on the basis of past experience and the incorporation of these expectations in credit demands and supplies--leading to the so-called inflation premium in nominal interest rates. While the relationship may not be so stable or precise as a two-year lag formulation, I think the sequence of actual inflation leading to inflation expectations leading to an inflation premium and hence nominal interest rates may help explain the observed phenomena of very low interest rates relative to inflation in much of the '70s andvery high interest rates relative to inflation more recently. On the other hand, a rise in interest rates, especially in "real" interest rates (i.e., nominal rates minus the inflation expectation premium), may cause aggregate demand to weaken, which may in turn restrain inflationary pressures--but perhaps only after some time has passed and interest rates have already turned downward; such a sequence of events, with a turn in rates leading a turn in inflation, might be a reasonable characterization of some business cycles. I think, in truth, the world of economics contains few--if any--behavioral relationships that can be reliably boiled down to such simple quantitative observations as are suggested by the statement you cite. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis . . https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 6. Should the tax cut scheduled for July 1983 be cancelled by Congress, what effect, if any, would this have on the level of interest rates? Any action to cut back the prospective budget deficits would be expected to work in the direction of lowering the level of interest rates. This may not tell the whole story in terms of other economic and social goals the Congress wants to pursue, and indeed I think it would be economically preferable to work on the deficit through the expenditure side or through tax measures which have desirable side-benefits such as energy conservation, but on the narrow question deficit reduction should have a favorable effect on interest rates. . Second set 1. f questions from Rep. Lowery Are you concerned about the fact that some of our nation's largest commercial banks have more investments abroad than here in the United States? Our commercial banks play an active role in the increasingly integrated international capital markets, and this in itself is not a reason for concern. Indeed, it is a quite natural and valuable adjunct to a policy of free trade and open competition in international commerce. What is important is that banks exercise the same care as they should in their domestic lending in assessing credit risks, diversifying portfolios, and maintaining levels of liquidity and capital consistent with the nature of the business they are doing. Indeed, more care is needed because risks of a "currency" or "sovereign" nature must also be taken into account. Obviously, in the light of hindsight, we can point to instances in which greater diversification and caution might have been warranted in both the domestic and international areas. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2. Other governments have based their operations on monetarism. Can you briefly relate the results that some of these other countries have experienced? Whether "monetarism" is the right appellation for the policies various countries have been pursuing is a difficult question in the philosophy of economic thought, but it certainly is true that a number of the leading industrialized nations have adopted monetary aggregates as intermediate target variables. Experience has varied widely and it is not readily summarized. I might make a couple of observations, however. One is that some other countries have had the same difficulty in finding a monetary aggregate that bears a sufficiently reliable relationship to economic activity; the United Kingdom, for example, has decided recently to utilize--as we do--several money measures rather than one to hedge against unanticipated variations in the demand for any one aggregate. Another observation is that hitting money targets all by itself is not a cure-all for achieving ultimate economic goals. Canada, for example, has had a comparatively good record in hitting its money targets, but its inflation rate has remained high and its economy has been weak. Some other countries have had volatile money stocks and have not consistently hit their longer-range targets, and yet they have had relatively good inflation and output results. My discussions with leaders of other central banks suggest to me that there is a general feeling that monetary targeting is not a cure-all for economic problems, but that--when pursued judiciously and expecially when supported by other instruments of economic policy--it is a useful tool in achieving the fundamental long-range financial discipline needed to fight inflation and create a stable economic environment. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 3. The definition of the monetary aggregates has changed several times in recent years. Do you anticipate further changes? In view of innovations in financial services, do you feel that the Fed can accurately target the monetary aggregates, even with the changes in definition? One cannot rule out the possibility of future changes in the definitions of the monetary aggregates. Innovation con- tinues apace, and our measure of money must reflect the way people actually manage their financial affairs. cate monetary targeting. Innovation does compli- Timely and appropriate redefinitions can alleviate some of the problems, but in the end what is needed is continual monitoring of institutional developments and attention to the full range of financial and economic variables to make certain that monetary targets as defined and as specified are appropriate. With such an approach, monetary targets--at least insofar as innovation has affected things to date--remain a workable approach to policy, and are probably fraught with fewer perils than, say, interest-rate targeting in a world of inflation. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 17. 1982 The Honorable Harrison Schmitt United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Schmitt: Thank you for your letter of July 21. I am pleased to furnish you with responses to the written questions you submitted in connection with the hearing held on July 20. I have also furnished a copy of these responses to the Senate Banking Committee for inclusion in the record of the hearing. Please let me know if I can be of further assistance. Sincerely. Sgaul A. Wicker Enclosures CO:vcd (V-164) bcc: Mike Prell Mrs. Mallardi (2) 1. It has been suggested that the demand for credit for corporate mergers and acquisitions has helped to keep interest rates high. Would you comment on this please? I don't think the demands for credit to finance corporate mergers and acquisitions have been a significant factor behind the high level of interest rates. In general, such transactions in- volve simply a transfer of ownership of shares in an existing The buyer borrows to pay the shareholders of the enterprise. firm being absorbed, in the process creating a demand for funds. However, the shareholders then must do something with the funds they've received, and the reinvestment of those monies provides funds to the market. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis In economic terminology, such a transaction gives rise to no net demand for savings--that is, there is no diversion of current income from consumption to investment. Although "imperfections" in the capital markets might lead to some frictional or transitory impacts on interest rates and of credit availability for other borrowers, the overall effect merger activity should not be substantial and does not appear to have been. I might note that the publicity attending some of at distorted the merger transactions has left people with a somewh ed. idea of the quantitative dimensions of the credit flows involv involving Figures on the huge lines of credit arranged, sometimes another, competitive efforts by more than one firm to acquire ultimately have greatly overstated the actual amounts of credit taken down. Those sums have not bulked large at all in the bank loan totals, for example. 2. There has been recent discussion of the possibility of a wave of unexpected major corporate failures occurring sometime late this year - or next. What is your view with regard to this possibility? I'm sure you can appreciate the difficulty of forecasting the unexpected. The fact is that we have seen to date some sizable corporate failures. I don't think these were in all respects "unexpected," for securities analysts and others who have tracked developments in individual firms closely knew that there were significant problems brewing for some time. Clearly, there are a good many firms today experiencing considerable stress--struggling with various combinations of weak sales, depressed cash flows, and large interest burdens. I would hope that the upturn in economic activity we are anticipating and the current trend of moderation in interest rates will result in improved profitability and an alleviation of these financial strains. One cannot rule out the possibility of some additional significant business failures, however, either among firms now widely recognized as being in serious trouble or among other firms whose difficulties may not yet have attracted widespread attention. I certainly do not take this matter lightly, and people in the Federal Reserve are constantly monitoring developments so that if any failures do occur we are able to assess the situation quickly and take action when necessary to prevent any generalized liquidity problems that might lead to broad economic dislocation. We are mindful of the System's fundamental mission as the lender of last resort, and our coulluitment to maintaining adequate liquidity in the economy helps to lower the risk of a damaging "wave" of large business failures. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 3. As you know, the Japanese deficit as a percentage of GNP is substantially larger than that of the United States. Yet their interest rates are lower. It is generally suggested that the Japanese rate of personal saving--close to 21 percent of disposable income--allows the Japanese to finance their debt at lower rates. The Japanese Government permits up to $52,000 in principal to generate tax free income. But in this country we have tended to look at only the demand for credit--particularly that of government--ignoring our national rate of saving as a component in the solution to our interest rate problem. In your opinion, would the Congress be well advised to consider expanding the incentive to save as a means of getting interest rates down and keeping them there? More specifically, should the Congress attempt to create specific incentives designed to raise our nation's rate of savings to the 8 percent level which prevailed in the early 1970's? The tax reduction passed last year contained in it several measures that work to enhance the incentives to save rather than consume. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The lowering of marginal tax rates for individuals and the accelerated depreciation provisions certainly stand out in this regard. I think these broad measures are likely to be more effective in raising the overall proportions of resources devoted to saving and investment than are many specific savings incentives, which frequently can be expected to do little more than shift the form of savings and which tend to be cost-ineffective from the standpoint of lost tax revenues. The matter of tax revenues raises an important point--namely, that large government deficits work counter to a desire to lower interest rates or to enhance private capital formation. Federal deficits absorb private savings, so that movement toward budgetary balance is an integral part of a meaningful effort to improve the financial climate. One final note: it probably is not wise to focus on any particular magic number of a goal for saving. The optimal level of saving for an economy is not readily determined, and it may be most important simply to create the kind of general economic environment and tax climate that does not tilt the scale of incentives against saving. Moreover, it is really not appropriate to focus solely on the personal saving rate. House- holds are important contributors to the pool of savings, but so too are businesses, the government potentially, and foreigners. This is just one of many reasons why international comparisons of saving behavior must be performed with a considerable degree https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis of caution; financial structures differ considerably from country to country. ACTION ASSIGNED TO MR. AXILROD JAKE GARN, UTAH, CHAIRMAN JOHN TOWER, TEX. JOHN HEINZ, PA. WII) M L. ARMSTRONG, COLO. -19 RICHAHD G. LUGAR, IND. ALFoNSE m. D'AmATO, N.Y. H. CHAFEE. R.I. HARRISON "JACK" SCHMITT, N. MEX. • NIC.HOLAS F. BRADY, N.J. DONALD W. RIEGLE, JR., MICH. WILLIAM PROXMIRE, WIS. ALAN CRANSTON, CAUF. PAUL S. SARBANES, MD. CHRISTOPHER J. DODD, CONN. ALAN J. DIXON, ILL. JIM SASSER, TENN. 'ZICnifeb Ziatez Zertate M. DANNY WALL, STAFF DIRECTOR MINORITY STAFF DIRECTOR ALBERT C. EISENBERG, ACTING COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS WASHINGTON. D.C. 20510 July 21, 1982 The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman The Federal Reserve Board 20th & Constitution, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 Dear Paul: Please find enclosed several questions submitted for your comments and for enclosure in the record of the recent Banking Committee hearings on monetary policy. Your comments will be appreciated. , Sincerely, .00 d4e:e:: b4.14 Har ison Schmitt HS:sbj Enclosure https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis . . QUESTIONS FOR CHAIRMAN VOLCKER 1. It has been suggested that the demand for credit for corporate mergers and acquisitions has helped to keep interest rates high. Would you comment on this please? 2. There has been recent discussion of the possibility of a wave of unexpected major corporate failures occuring sometime late this year - or next. What is your view with regard to this possibility? 3. As you know, the Japanese deficit as a percentage of GNP is substantially larger than that of the United States. Yet their interest rates are lower. It is generally suggested that the Japanese rate of personal saving -close to 21 percent of disposable income -- allows the Japanese to finance their debt at lower rates. The Japanese Government permits up to $52,000 in principle to generate tax free income. But in this country we have tended to look at only the demand for credit -particularly that of government -- ignoring our national rate of saving as a component in the solution to our interest rate proclem. In your opinion, would the Congress be well advised to consider expanding the incentive to save as a means of getting interest rates down and keeping them there? https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis More specifically, should the Congress attempt to create specific incentives designed to raise our nation's rate of savings to the 8 percent level which prevailed in the early 1970's? 41,••• . .•••of GO BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE A • r•CP` .40) L ", ,Nif! • Ln • FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON, 0. C. 20551 '.1•(<`\* t eRA L. I2VD. • • ••. ..• • •. August 17, 1982 RAUL A. VOLCKER CHAIRMAN The Honorable Bruce F. Vento House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Vento: I am writing in response to your recent letter regarding the July monetary policy oversight hearings and some of the issues you felt were inadequately addressed on that occasion. Your remarks ranged over a good many areas; I hope that I can at least reply to the more specific questions you have raised. Let me begin, however, by reacting to your general feeling that we have a "discredited monetary policy" and that I failed to recognize the gravity of our current economic problems and to recommend ways of dealing with them. Frankly, I believe this is an inaccurate and unfair assessment. You will recall that it was not long ago that there was a broad consensus in and out of government that the nation was in the grip of a dangerously accelerating inflation that was jeopardizing the basic strength and stability of our economy. Fighting inflation was viewed as our most urgent priority. The Federal Reserve for its part set a firm policy of restraint on the growth of money--a clearly essential ingredient in any meaningful effort to stem the rise of prices. It was generally understood that there were no quick fixes available and that the battle against inflation would involve some pain, and perhaps some risks. The Federal Reserve has stuck to its course, and there is perceptible progress in reducing the pace of inflation. Unfortunately, however, monetary policy has been--as it is commonly put--the only antiinflationary game in town. In particular, the stresses of the anti-inflation effort could be lessened by a complementary effort on the part of fiscal policy, as the current and prospective huge federal deficits have contributed in a major way to the development of stresses in financial markets. What I endorsed last year in my appearances before congressional conunittees was not action that would result in widening budget deficits but rather tax cuts that would accompany spending curtailments great enough to ensure progress toward budget balance. What has occurred has certainly not followed that pattern. Contrary to your statement, I am not baffled as to why interest rates are extraordinarily high and why credit-sensitive sectors of the economy are experiencing https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Bruce F. Vento Page Two such difficulty; moreover, I've indicated fairly clearly what I feel is needed in the way of budgetary action to ease those strains. We cannot avoid the need to deal with these fundamentals by turning to controls and other devices. I don't believe that Federal Reserve policy since October 1979 has been too narrowly focused. To be sure, interest rates have been high, but this has been unavoidable in an environment of persistently strong inflationary expectations, and growing federal deficits. We have not wished to see such high rates. We have followed a policy of restrained growth in money and credit, not a policy of high interest rates. Indeed, by reducing inflation, inflation expectations, and the inflation premium in interest rates, that policy is intended to allow interest rates to come down and stay down over the long term. To clarify the point, let me observe that Federal Reserve policy, both before October 1979 and since, has been aimed at control of the monetary aggregates. The difference is in operating procedures. Before October 1979 we sought control over money by aiming at short-term interest rates expected to be consistent with desired behavior in the monetary aggregates; since then we have done the same thing by aiming at the provision of reserves at levels expected to be consistent with desired behavior of the monetary aggregates. Let me turn now to your more specific points. It is not at all clear that below-prime bank loans have played a major role in financing corporate mergers. A large proportion of such loans represent very short-term accommodation of business customers who have access to the commercial paper market but are attempting to time paper issuance in such a way as to attain the most advantageous financing costs. More generally, the volume of bank credit extended to finance the widely publicized multi-billion dollar mergers of the past year has been minor. Accounts of the credit lines arranged for potential merger or defensive purposes have left an exaggerated idea of the actual borrowing that has eventuated. Furthermore, these merger transactions have had little if any impact on the general level of interest rates faced by other borrowers. The transactions involve a transfer of ownership of existing assets from one set of shareholders to another. Those whose stock is purchased presumably reinvest the funds they receive, thus putting back into the financial markets the funds borrowed by the acquiring firm. In other words, there is no net call on the savings generated in the economy and the ultimate effects on interest rates and credit availability thus are transitory. • .• • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • The Honorable Bruce F. Vento Page Three It is true, as you suggest, that high interest rates have encouraged a good deal of the financial innovation and institutional change we've seen. However, I don't see any evidence that the changes that have occurred have resulted in an undue concentration of economic or financial power in the hands of the money center banks. We still have a very diverse and highly competitive financial system. Indeed, it is that competitiveness that has prompted much of the innovation that has occurred. I would agree with you that high interest rates and financial stress have not provided an environment favorable to capital formation. Business fixed investment was fairly well maintained until the past several months, but housing and state and local infrastructure investment has been weaker for a longer time. I believe this is a key longer-range concern that argues for prompt action to reduce the federal government's demands on the credit markets and to release scarce private savings to private and state and local investment. I trust that I have responded to your concerns, but if I can provide other information please let me know. Sincerely, S/Paul MJP:NS:vcd (V-165) bcc: Mr. Prell Mrs. Mallardi (2) Vo!cket BRUCE F. VENTO ACTION ASSIGNED TO MR. AXILROD HOUSE COMMITTEE ON BANKING, FINANCE AND URBAN AFFAIRS 4TH DISTRICT, MINNESOTA R30 r.ANNON HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 (202) 225-6631 Congre55oftbalniteb -1..qate5 L •T-Hicr OFFicE: 3Doufse of Repretentatitmi HOUSE COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS Roc 4ei 50 MEARS PARK PLACE lilassbington, ri.C. 20515 405 S if • EY STREET SAINT PAUL IINNESOTA 55101 (612 725-7724 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis July 26, 1982 HOUSE SELECT COMMITTEE C:IDN AGING -,t -/-7 (4, P., —7-7 CO /7.7.! f r.....0 ry1 10 r".5 C-, rri 7:1 C..... los. 23. CD 1,-, 7 r.... r— 411...; : i C:) --•••• r, •. G. "r1 r—: w-rr'1 rv-4 The Honorable Paul Volker Chairman, Federal Reserve Board 20th Street and Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 Dear Mr. Chairman: Your appearance before the Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs Committee, in compliance with the Humphrey-Hawkins Full Employment and Balance Growth Act, prompted a number of questions from me, however, time constraints prevented a response from you. I do not believe that your statement or the report comply with the intent of the law. It provided little direction and no indication of likely F.R.B. actions. Your recommendations show little insight for coordinating monetary policy with the fiscal policy of Congress and the Administration. A glaring omission of the F.R.B. report is the failure to recognize the most serious economic deterioration of the U.S. economy in some 40 years. While the negative harvest of statistics are common knowledge, the F.R.B. seems to demonstrate a lack of awareness of the plight of the unemployed, the business failures, foreclosures or the poor performance of the economy. The national government's fiscal policy, which I might add you strongly endorsed last year before Congressional Committees, is discredited. Deep cuts in programs have resulted in less productive investment in both human and capital resources. The Kemp-Roth tax legislation with its plethora of special interest provisions has resulted in a hemorrhage of revenue loss. The decimated tax code is mainly responsible for the 1982 and 1983 deficits, the largest deficits in history, which the financial markets are interpreting as extending indefinitely into the future. We are looking at the ashes of a discreditied monetary policy. Surely, it would have been appropriate to provide some suggestions, some new directions or action which would respond to this dire economic situation. I am disappointed that you, Mr. Chairman, did not respond to that challenge. Instead,.you seem to shrink from the role that the national government must necessarily accept if it is to provide the certainty and the predictable course for which our economy cries. Specifically, you rejected any type of wage price guidelines, any oversight or limits on the qualitative use of credit, whether for non-productive mergers (using nearly $200 billion in credit in '81) or other speculation. Ironically, Mr. Chairman, you seem to be endorsing THIS STATIONERY PRINTED ON PAPER MADE WITH RECYCLED FIBERS . Page 2 i a robot-like role for the F.R.B. and the F.O.M.C. Serious questions come to my mind as to the necessity of maintaining an independent i F.R.B. as long as there continues to be such a religious adherence to the Reagan Administration monitarist policy line. 1 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The incredible statement at the hearing, "expanding the money supply would result in higher interest rates," was in need of correction, but I heard none from you, Mr. Chairman. Perhaps this "Alice in Wonderland" attitude, where "up is down, right is left," is appropriate in an economy where the F.R.B. refuses to accept responsibility for the consequences of it's actions. This attitude and response beg the question. Your contention is that your policy is not designed to directly lower or raise interest rates but instead is designed to control monetary aggregates which in turn will determine the interest rates. This is a distinction without a substantive difference. The fact remains that F.R.B. actions whether based upon measurements of the interest rates or upon a measurement one step removed from interest rates, (monetary aggregates) do have a profound and immediate impact on interest rates. Ironically, Mr. Chairman, you seem as baffled today as all of us as to why interest rates are "extraordinarily high." It is not enough to respond that neither this Administration nor the F.R.B. accepts an activist economic role and consequent responsibility that I believe is necessary. Surely, striking a balance with the private sector is no small task. Today, the pendulum has moved the national government too far out of its proper economic role. This has permitted water to seek its lowest level in the market place. Reaganomics has been a terrible gamble, and losing that wager has hurt us. Today, the unemployed, small business, the farmer and indeed the nation are paying the price for these discredited policies. Housing surely has suffered and continues to experience dire problems. That is why your temporizing statements about the devastated housing industry, so sensitive to F.R.B. action, are startling! Mr. Chairman, in light of experience, is it possible that the focus of the October, 1979 policy has been too narrow and even ineffective in lowering interest rates? Do you find that below prime rate negotiated loans which are extended by financial institutions to certain customers, usually large corporations, and used for a variety of purposes, including speculation, conglomerate or merger activity have had a positive or negative impact on the economy? Do you have knowledge of the magnitude of such credit extension? What is the impact on prime and on real interest rates for other customers seeking credit, such as small business or home owners who today pay 2-3 points above prime interest rates? I note on Page 12 of your statement, a discussion of velocity and the fact that financial institutions have become skilled at doing a great deal more with the limited dollars available. Mr. Chairman, doesn't . Page 3 i this demonstrate that the F.R.B. policy has precipitated a change in the structure ) functions and characteristics of financial institutions ) because of its persistent tight monetary policy? Additionally, doesn't this point out problems when money center banks set the prime rate because they can force a different environment and, therefore, change the structure of the financial markets? https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis In other words, if the F.R.B. doesn't exercise the responsibility to influence or target interest rates, it appears that the money center banks have no such inhibitions. Please comment on all of these points, Mr. Chairman. Mr. Chairman, the shift in monetary and fiscal policy has moved investments out of long-term capital markets. Housing, auto, small business and other productive investments which have traditionally provided jobs are not being made today. This country and our economy was not and cannot be built on six-month money certificates or short call money market investments. The inversion of high, short-term rates and low, long-term rates must be arrested to stop the bleeding of credit and resource. Mr. Chairman, didn't the tax cut, greatly diminished federal loan programs, and the growth in short-term, high interest credit markets create a fundamental shift in consumer spending out of traditional economic infrastructure such as housing, auto and small business to a new consumer and service market? Clearly, savings have not increased substantially from past quarters, other than the traditional, modest recession increase. Therefore, employed consumers are spending their income and tax reductions on different commodities, whether video tape recorders, services or other goods. Apparently, auto, housing and ther traditional infrastructure has been fractured by this pattern. Can you, Mr. Chairman, provide this Committee and Congress with some insights as to the direction and turn-around regarding the capital to consumer goods and service shift? Thank you for your consideration of my concerns, and I look forward to your thoughts on this matter. Sincerely, Bruce F. Vento Member of Congress BFV/cm August 17, 1982 The Honorable Earl Hutto House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Hutto: I appreciate your letter .of August 11 recommending Mr. Walter S. Falk as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Mr. Falk's qualifications will intreceive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appo ments to the Council. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sinceyely, sgat • CO:vcd (V-184) bcc: incoming) Mrs. Bray (w/copy of Mrs. Mallardi (2) // GOvt;I: BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE 40.44, f,/ ‘‘I`Cd \ FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM 2". WASHINGTON, D. C. 20551 *kge . „qg, 44/ August 12, 1982 .k•ALR. •• • • • •.• PAUL A. VOLCKER CHAIRMAN The Honorable Benjamin S. Rosenthal Chairman Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs Committee on Government Operations House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Chairman Rosenthal: Thank you for your letter of June 30 requesting information on foreign banking organization reports to the Federal Reserve Board. You requested this information for use in preparation for hearings by the Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer and Monetary Affairs on foreign investment in U. S. banks. Enclosed are copies of all reports filed by foreign banking organizations since January 1, 1980, under Section 211.23(h) of the Federal Reserve's Regulation K. Also enclosed is a staff memorandum providing detailed information and documents pertaining to the origin, purpose and scope of paragraph (3) of that regulatory provision. As explained in the staff memorandum, Section 211.23(h) pertains to quarterly reports required of foreign banking organizations regarding their investments that are exempt by law from certain of the nonbanking prohibitions of the Bank Holding Company Act. In sum, the provisions of Section 211.23(h)(2) and (3) of Regulation K: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (a) require a foreign banking organization to request, of another investor, information required by the quarterly reports when that information, regarding the activities of a foreign nonbank company in which the foreign banking organization has a noncontrolling interest, is in the possession of the other investor(s); (b) require the foreign banking organization to report the results of its request for information; and (c) exempt, from the requirement that information be requested, requests to a foreign government if the foreign banking organization believes such a request would be harmful to existing relationships. • The Honorable Benjamin S. Rosenthal Page Two Tke foregoing provisions were first adopted as part of the provisions the 1971 amendments to Regulation Y implementing As the enof Section 4(c)(9) of the Bank Holding Company Act.ory explaining closed staff memorandum indicates, there is no hist in (c) above) now the specific need for the exception (described In practice, contained in Section 211.23(h)(3) of Regulation K. by any foreign ized the exception does not appear to have been util to be unnecessary. banking organization. Thus, the provision appears Section 211.23(h)(3) Consequently, the Board will consider deletion of from Regulation K. not hesitate I hope this information is useful. Please do to contact me if I can be of further assistance. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sincerely, Enclosures FRD:NJ:vcd (V-144) bcc: Ms. Jacklin Mr. Dahl Mr. Bradfield Mrs. Mallardi (2) Action assigned Fred Oahl. 84.111141KIN S. ROSENTHAL, N.Y., CHAIRMAN JOHN CONYERS, JR., MICH. EUZ:ENE V. ATKINSON, PA. STEPHEN L. NEAL, N.C. DOUG BARNARD. JR., GA. PETER A. PEYSER. N.Y. BARBARA B. KENNELLY, CONN. LYLE WILLIAMS, OHIO HAL DAUB, NEBR. WILLIAM F. CLINGER, JR., PA. JOHN HILEN. IND. NINETY-SEVENTH CONGRESS Congre55 of the Einiteb MAJORITY—(202) 225-4407 tatefi liptuSeotRepreantatibeg COMMERCE. CONSUMER, AND MONETARY AFFAIRS SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS RAYBURN HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING, ROOM B-377 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 June 30, 1982 CAD cr) P•4 rn C.- Hon. Paul A. Volcker Chairman Federal Reserve Board Washington, D.C. 20551 Dear Mr. Chairman: ca) 2:,. 7.) C) 7./TrI rvi C.A.) C.20 r^. = -13 ;,•-j -7' CT) R cr) (f) rr --4 C.) ?..C ) Cr) .< cs -4 r•-• 1LaS Section 211.23(h) of the Federal Reserve's Regulation K (International Banking Operations) requires any foreign banking organization that also has banking operations in the U.S. to report to the Federal Reserve a. whenever it acquires an ownership share (or increases an existing ownership share) in any company that does business in the U.S., and b. whenever one of its subsidiaries commences direct business activities in the U.S. Please provide to the Commerce, Consumer, and Monetary Affairs Subcommittee copies of all reports filed under this section since January 1, 1980. I am also writing to request background information and documents relating to paragraph (3) of this section. This paragraph provides the following exemption: (3) A request for information required by this paragraph need not be made of any foreign government, or an agency or instrumentality thereof, if, in the opinion of the organization, such request would be harmful to existing relationships. In order to clarify the background and effect of this exemption, please provide https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis a. An explanation of the need for and public policy purpose served by this exemption, including illustrative examples of what is meant by "existing relationships"; b. An explanation of how the Board will be kept informed of the U.S. business activities of foreign banking organizations that qualify for the exemption; // 2 c. A list of all "foreign banking organizations" (as defined in section 211.23(a)(2)) that are eligible to claim exemption under this section; d. The identities of all foreign banking organizations that have exercised the privilege of an exemption under this section or have notified the Federal Reserve of an intention to avail themselves of this exemption, together with additional information indicating the nature of the exempt entities' investments or activities in the U.S.; e. If there are any government controlled foreign banking organizations that are not eligible for this exemption, then a list of these non eligible banks, together with an explanation for their non -eligible status; f. A copy of the proposed regulation or amendment on which public comment was sought on this exemption prior to its final adoption; Copies of all comment letters or other correspondence to the Board, including correspondence from foreign governments, either at the time this exemption provision was out for public comment or at any other time, that addressed in any way the need or reason for this exemption. Please provide a complete response to this request by JW.82, as the the response is needed for the subcommittee's advance prrr-ition for August 17-18 hearings on foreign investment in U.S. banks. Si cerely, Benjamin S. Rosenthal Chairman BSR:dtv https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis .• ..•• .o •__ G01/4•74,7.... ' vo• BOARD OF GOVERNORS DF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM •0 • WASHINGTON, D. C. 20551 RAL PAUL A. VOLCKER . • •.• • • August 12, 1982 CHAIRMAN The Honorable James R. Jones House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Mr. Jones: Thank you for your letter of July 30 requesting information on behalf of a constitutent relative to the loans made by the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City to the Penn Square Bank, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. One of the basic reasons why the Federal Reserve was established was to serve as a lender of last resort, in other words to assure banks and other depository institutions experiencing temporary liquidity problems of a source of funding. The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City perform ed these functions when Penn Square experignced liquidity problems at the end of June and early July. A loan of $20 million was made on Wednesday, June 30 and repaid by Penn Square the next day. A loan of $5.7 million made on Friday, July 2, was outstanding when the Bank was closed by the Comptroller of the Currency, and the loan was repaid by the FDIC, acting as receive r, in return for release of the collateral held by the Federal Reserve Bank in the amount of $39,389,484.40. Your constitutent has inquired as to whether loans to certain individuals or companies were among the collateral taken for these Federal Reserve loans. A review of the records of the Reserve Bank indicat es that none of the notes or loans from the individuals or companies mention ed in your letter were used as collateral for the advances made to Penn Square. I would like to note, however, that for reasons of personal privacy the identity of individual borrowers and the amounts and details of their loans are confidential under Board regulations. I hope that you will find the foregoing information respons ive to your inquiry. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sin erely, 1(/Va4li/e/t JAkilkS R. JONES oao FIRST DISTRICT, OKLAHOMA ACTION ASSIGNED TO MESSRS. BRADFIELD & RYAN pummAm COMMIWE ON THE BUDGET MEMBER' COMMITTEE ON WAYS AND MEANS TRADE SUBCOmMITTEE Congress5 of tbe Ziniteb ktattfS 30°w:it of ilepreentatibess DEMOCRATIC STEERING AND POLICY COMMITTEE WASHINGTON OFFICE: 203 CANNON HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING (202) 225-2211 MSTRMTOFFME: 4536 FEDERAL BUILDING TULSA, OKLAHOMA 74103 Easbington, ri.e. 20515 CHAIRMAN DEMOCRATIC RESEARCH ORGANIZATION (918) 581-7111 -•-1 6 G▪O CD C.; rn TY. July 30, 1982 C) .... " CD •••••• C) r - Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman Federal Reserve System 20th and C Streets, N. W. Washington, D. C. 20551 Dear Chairman Volcker: Because of the widespread interest in the recent failure of the Penn Square Bank in Oklahoma, my office has received several inquiries about the failure and its causes and results. Most of the correspondence I have received has been general in nature, but recently, a constituent wrote me seeking answers to some very specific questions. The factual circumstances surrounding the question were described to me by the constituent as follows: On Wednesday, June 30th, the Federal Reserve, through its discount window, supposedly loaned the Penn Square Bank $20 million. That loan was allegedly repaid. Then, on Friday, July 2nd, an additional $5.7 million was loaned by the Federal Reserve to Penn Square Bank. My constituent wanted to know if any collateral was offered by Penn Square Bank for either the $20 million loan or the $5.7 million loan described above. Specifically, my constituent wants to know if any collateral attributable to Carl W. Swann, Sakat Petroleum, or Mr. Tureaud was involved in either of the two loans mentioned. My constituent asked that I make this inquiry on their behalf, and from what I can tell, it seems to be a legitimate request for further information. I would, therefore, appreciate any help you can give me in answering all or part of the questions posed by this set of facts given Knowing little of the confidentiality requirements or public to me. policy issues involved in this unprecedented bank closure, if you cannot answer all or part of my constituent's questions, I would appreciate an explanation why the answers cannot be provided. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (..rt .. CA) fit 4•:- , ‘• Honorable Paul A. Volcker July 30, 1982 Page Two Lastly, I would appreciate hearing from you la August 6th on this matter. Thank you in advance for your help and coMperation. - https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis With best wishes, Sincerely yours, ES mber NES Congress • https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 12, 1982 The Honorable Claudine Schneider House of Representatives 20515 Washington, D.C. Dear Ms. Schneider: I appreciate your letter of August 2 recommending Ms. Janet M. Scacciotti as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Ms. Scacciotti's qualifications will receive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appointments to the Council. be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, titAgl CO:pjt (#V-180) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/copy of incoming) Mrs. Mallardi (2) We will CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER COMMITTEES1 20 DISTRICT, RHODE ISLAND MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES WASHINGTON OFFICE: Surrr 1431 LONGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING PHONE:(202) 225-2735 DISTRICT OFFICE: 307 JOHN O. PASTORE BUILDING PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLJUVD 02903 PHONz: 528-4861 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis SUIDOWWTTEES: I Yf) reynreed.kith qinite,d Yeatak FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT OCEANOGRAPHY f3CIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WASHINGTON,D.C. 90515 SUBCOMMITTEES: ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS August 2, 1982 NATURAL RESOURCES, RICULTWIAL REALEARCH. oNtvirmr,:o -n AND E r -.... The Honorable Paul A. Volcker, Chairman Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 20th Street and Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 N.) r-cl< nTql :1;:c..-, I.--. , = .... Up a: p. 7, - Jr. 4- -- Dear Mr. Chairman: I would like to strongly endorse the candidacy of Ms. Janet M. Scacciotti for a position on the Consumer Advisory Council. Ms. Scacciotti, who is President and Chief Executive Officer of the Guild Loan and Investment Company, a subsidiary of Old Stone Corporation, is eminently well qualified for this important post. She has strong experience in consumer banking over a number of years, including membership on management committees of Old Stone, the second largest commercial bank in Rhode Island. Further, she serves as a Director of the Rhode Island Share and Deposit Corporation, which currently insures 80 financial institutions in the State of Rhode Island with consumer savings of more than $1 billion. In short, Mr. Chairman, I believe that Ms. Scacciotti is an ideal choice for the Council, and I would hope that you will give her favorable consideration. If I may provide any further information, I please be sure to let me know. Sincerely, ,_41120_ C audine Schneider Member of Congress CS:tnn c_p 27- - lo rr-r1-11 v., n :II 7..:',-, _.. 4-r,,; m — f...J ma: , r.-1 .;,:i ...-, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 12, 1982 The Honorable Thomas B. Evans, Jr. House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Evans: Thank you for the follow-up note to our dialogue at the recent monetary policy hearings. Let me take your second observation first--namely, that it is possible to have moderate growth of money now without an accompanying resurgence of inflation. I believe you are correct in this assessment, and our targets, as you suggest, are consistent with such a view. But I would stress the word "moderate". Rapid growth of money over time would, as I indicated in my statement before the Banking Committee, run the risk of raising inflationary expectations and reinvigorating inflation, with considerable damage to financial markets and the economy. In a roundabout way, this brings me to your first point, regarding the importance of flexibility. I think that as long as we are operating within the context of what is, and what is perceived to be, a basically disciplined monetary policy, there is a degree of flexibility. Indeed, I stressed in my testimony before the Banking Coramittee the importance of such flexibility in conducting policy in an environment of changing liquidity needs and demands on the part of the public. It is not our intention to stick slavishly to a predetermined monetary path when developments demonstrate that such a course is inimical to the health of our economy. We demonstrated in the first half of the year our willingness to adapt our short-run monetary targeting to evident variations in liquidity demands, and growth above our targets for the full year again would be tolerated for a time if economic uncertainties or other developments result in unusual precautionary demands for liquidity. I appreciate your writing to reemphasize your concerns. , I understand them and I hope that you find some reassurance in my further remarks. Sincerely, SI Pa4 MJP:JLK:vcd (V-168) bcc: Mr. Prell Ms. Wing Mrs. Mallardi (2) v/ ACTION ASSIGNED JIM KICHLINE THOMAS B. EVANS, JR. 316 CANNON HCXJSE OFFICE BUILDING WASmtnicrom, D.C. DELAWARE 20515 (202) 225-4165 COM M ITTE ES BANKING. FINANCE AND URBAN AFFAIRS MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES Congre55 of Me Vilniteb tateti July 28, 1982 (302) 573-6181 DELAWARE kotuSe of Atpreantatibes$ alassbington, D.C. 20515 844 KING STretEr WILMINGTON, DELAWARE 19801 TOLL FREE NUMBER 800-2.92-9541 (t4c -T1 The Honorable Paul Volcker Chairman Federal Reserve Board of Governors 20th Street and Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 r-1 C13 CD r- ••-••1 C--) CID r tr. rn , 1•••.•••... 7.7": Dear Mr. Chairman: %me' r, tr) c..0 10. C., • '1 '! _7 As a follow-up to our conversation during last week's Monetary Policy hearings, I would like to re-emphasize two points that are of great concern. First, it is of tremendous importance that we have substantial flexibility in efforts to reduce interest rates through monetary channels. While attempting to avoid the rapid fluctuations of the past, the Fed must be responsive to the need to promote higher levels of production and employment in our economy. I applaud your success in the effort to reduce inflation, but am seriously concerned about the economic and financial strains that continue to wreak havoc, most especially on our interestsensitive industries. Second, I believe it is possible to have moderate increases now in the money supply without an accompanying rapid surge of inflation. I was pleased to note that the Fed at least plans to aim for the very top range of its targets in the coming year, as I feel strongly that a moderate easing of our current tight money policy is an important factor in our efforts to achieve a full and lasting economic recovery. With kindest regards, https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sincerely, d5;g11%10° Thomas B. Evans, Jr. Member of Congress C-1 • .c.." I-16 August 11, 1982 The Honorable Clarence E. Miller House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. Miller: I appreciate the opportunity to respond to your request for comments on a letter from a constituent that you forwarded regarding recent decisions by the Depository Institutions Deregulation Committee (DIDC). Your constituent expressed regret that the DIDC did not authorize a new deposit instrument which would enable banks to compete more effectively with money market mutual funds. I want to assure you that I understand the concerns that prompted your constituent to write. The DIDC has been charged by Congress with an inherently difficult task--to phase out deposit interest rate ceilings so as to increase returns to savers while at the same time taking into consideration the impact on depository institutions. In the latter connection the DIDC must be especially concerned in current circumstances about the cost implications of a new instrus ment for many depository institutions that are already under severe earning pressure. Authorization of an instrument fully competitive with all the features of money market mutual funds could result in enormous added earnings pressures as funds were shifted from savings accounts and other low-yielding e deposits to the higher-yielding instrument. Any new instrument must therefor incorporate restrictive features that involve a compromise and such a compromise may not be wholly satisfactory to all. Despite such difficulties, I want to assure you that the DIDC remains aware committed to the objective of deregulation. Hy colleagues and I are fully impose on of the competitive disadvantage that remaining Regulation Q constraints the depository institutions and look forward to circumstances that will permit further relaxation and ultimate elimination of those constraints. Sincerely, S/Paul A. V olc,14 NB:cak #32 cc: https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Mrs. Mallardi (2) f i August 11, 1982 The Honorable Berkley Bedell House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Mr. Bedell: Thank you for your recent letter in which you express concern about the increase of paper work demands made by the Federal government. As an example, you cite how the number of copies of bank holding company applications required to be filed with the Federal Reserve ha increased from the original and seven in 1973 to an original and nine in 1982. The Federal Reserve for some time has shared your concerns about the burden of paper work placed onbbank holding companies and the banking industry in general. Certainly we want to place no greater burden on applicants than is necessary to carry out our responsibility under the Bank Holding Company Act to review and act on applications fairly and expeditiously. Therefore, I have asked the staff to review our requirements for copies of applications to ensure that paper work demands are kept at a minimum commensurate with our obligations. The review is currently underway and I will apprise you of the results in the near future. Sincerely, S/Paul A. Volcker DK:NS:pjt (#V-132) bcc: Don Kline 4CKXXXP=XXMMXXXX Jack Ryan Mrs. Mallardi (2) https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis BEIRKLEY BEDELL WASHINGTON OFFICE: 6TH DISTRICT, i0WA 2440 RAYBURN HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING 20515 WASHINGTON, D.C. (202) 225-5476 COMMITTEES: AGRICULTURE suMommirnEs. WHEAT, SOYBEANS, AND FEED GRAINS FORESTS, FAMILY FARMS, AND ENERGY CONSERVATION, CREDIT, AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT SMALL BUSINESS Congre5f; of tbe tiniteb --)tatels 3Douge of ReprefientatibeZ SIOUX CITY, i0WA 51101 (712) 233-3281 laassbington, ID.C. 20515 FORT DODGE OFFICE: 479 FEDERAL BUILDING SUBCOMMITTEES: FORT DODGE, lowA CHAIRS-ENERGY, ENVIRONMENT, SAFETY, AND RESEARCH ANTITRUST AND RESTRAINT OF TRADE SIOUX CITY OFFICE: 918 FEDERAL BUILDING 50501 (515) 57 3-7169 June 4, 1982 C:) Chairman Paul Volcker Federal Reserve System Room 2046 20th Street and Constitution, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 UM CO re4 rn = m m /›. r" rn CT) rrt c—: r^. = Dear Mr. Volcker: c_r) .4— r" ••••••••• •• congresg,_ona% Recently I received a letter from a banker in my increase of district that pointed out an excellent example of the ment. paperwork demands that are made by the Federal govern t = the Federal On December 30, 1973, this banker submitted to required, the banker Reserve Bank in Chicago a Y-2 application. As October 10, 1981 submitted the original Y-2 and seven copies. On Federal Reserve Bank in the bank again made a Y-2 application to the to submit the Chicago. However this time they were required original and eight copies. ation and was Recently this same bank submitted a Y-2 applic required to send the original and nine copies. of this form end? Where will the demand for additional copies regarding the need for I would greatly appreciate information the Federal Reserve to all these copies. Has an attemptbeenmade by it possible that the reduce the paperwork demands of banks and is copies of the Y-2 application? Federal Reserve could reduce the number of this matter. I would greatly appreciate your review of Sincerely, :IAA/ DELL BERKLEY Member of Congress BB:mpy cc:Boyden Gray Office of the Vice President https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 11\4, 1A-Ita, 1SSO •%'11. .• GOtri•. BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM g• • . " -44 .1RAL RE.- • • •..• • • WASHINGTON, D.C. 205S1 August 11, 1982 The Honorable Robert J. Lagomarsino House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Mr. Lagomarsino: Thank you for your letter of July 20 requesting comment on correspondence you received from Mr. Kit Lyons concerning "Federal Reserve fraud." Mr. Lyons enclosed two news clips with his note; one news clip discussed an indictment returned by a Federal grand jury in Utah against the Federal Reserve, while the other news clip consisted of a colloquy among several members of the Washington State Senate concerning the constitutionality of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 and the role of the Federal Reserve under that Act. With regard to the indictment returned against the Federal Reserve, the indictment alleged violations of the United States Constitution and several federal statutory provisions (12 U.S.C. §§ 152, 411 and 18 U.S.C. § 334) on the basis that the Federal Reserve has issued and circulated notes that are not redeemable in gold and silver. This indictment appears to have been returned by the grand jury without the knowledge or assistance of the United States Attorney for Utah. The indictment contained four counts. The first three counts were grounded on alleged violations of the Constitution. Count I alleged that the Federal Reserve, by issuing and circulating Federal Reserve notes (the chief form of currency in circulation today) not redeemable in gold or silver ("irredeemable notes"), was compelling the various states to violate Section 10, Article I of the Constitution, which prohibits the states from making anything but gold and silver coin legal tender for the payment of debts. It is well settled that the prohibition of Section 10, Article I applies only to the states and not to the Federal Government (Juilliard v. Greenman, 110 U.S. 421 (1884)). Further, Count 1 fails to refer to any federal statutory provision making violations of this provision a crime. Indeed, no such statutory provision exists. Similarly, the allegation in Count 2 that the issuance and circulation of irredeemable notes forces states to violate the constitutional prohibition (Section 10, Article I) on states passing any law impairing the obligations of contracts has no legal basis. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Robert J. Lagomarsino Page Two Count 3 of the indictment contained the broad charge that the Federal Reserve, by issuing and circulating "irredeemable paper as legal tender . . . under authority of a prior Congress is using something other than what the Constitution allows." Count 3 does not indicate any violation of a federal criminal statute and is therefore without any legal basis. The final count of the indictment alleged a violation of 18 U.S.C. § 334, which makes it a crime to issue or put in circulation any Federal Reserve note in violation of the laws regulating the issuance and circulation of Federal Reserve notes. The provisions referred to in this count are Sections 152 and 411 of Title 12, United States Code. Section 152 is an archaic provision derived from the Act of July 12, 1870, and concerns associations organized for the specific purpose of issuing notes payable in gold. It does not apply to Federal Reserve Banks or the Federal Reserve System. Section 411 concerns the issuance of Federal Reserve notes and provides that these notes shall be redeemable in "lawful money." Section 392 of Title 31 of the U.S. Code defines "legal tender" to include Federal Reserve notes "Lawful money" is generally defined to include those classes of money which are declared by law to be a "legal tender." Consequently, the allegations in Count 4 are without legal merit. The U.S. Attorney for Salt Lake City, Mr. Brent D. Ward, after consultation with the Department of Justice, declined to sign the indictment and asked Judge David K. Winder, U.S. District Court for the District of Utah, to dismiss it. In his July 9 order dismissing the indictment, Judge Winder stated that the indictment was without legal foundation and was therefore fatally defective. With regard to the colloquy among members of the Washington State Senate set forth in the second news clip, that colloquy contains a number of misconceptions concerning the role of the Federal Reserve. For example, Senator Metcalf states that the Federal Reserve is a federally-claartered private banking corporation. This statement is not accurate. The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, whose seven members are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, is an independent agency of the Federal Government and has supervisory authority over the 12 Federal Reserve Banks that, along with the Board, constitute the Federal Reserve System. The individual Reserve Banks are organized as private corporations, the capital stock of which is owned by member banks of the Federal Reserve System. As a precondition to being granted membership in the System, commercial banks are https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Robert J. Lagomarsino Page Three required to subscribe to Federal Reserve stock in an amount equal to 6 percent of the bank's paid-up capital stock and 387). Half of this amount is actually surplus (12 U.S.C. required to be paid-in and half is subject to call. As member banks of the System, these banks are entitled to vote for directors of their Reserve Bank and its local branches, receive a dividend of 6 percent per annum on the shares of the Reserve Bank's stock they hold (12 U.S.C. § 289), and are subject to the rules and regulations of the Board. In matters of monetary policy, the Reserve Banks act in accordance with the policies of the Board and the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), and not of the Reserve Bank's stockholders. Although the stock of Federal Reserve Banks is indeed owned by commercial banks, the incidents of control and authority given commercial banks as a result of the stock ownership are constrained by various statutory and regulatory provisions. Senator Metcalf also misstates the methods by which the Federal Reserve creates money. In his summary he states that money is created when the government prints a billion dollars worth of interest bearing notes, takes the notes to the Federal Reserve which then accepts them and places one billion dollars in a checking account against which the government writes checks to a total of one billion dollars. In actual fact, if it is determined that the Federal government needs to raise cash, the Department of the Treasury will auction bills and notes to the public in a dollar amount and mix they deem necessary. The Federal Reserve acts only as fiscal agent for Treasury in these auctions. The purchase and sale of Treasury obligations on the secondary market is, however, the primary vehicle for the Federal Reserve's conduct of monetary policy. If it is determined to increase the money supply, the FOMC, a 12-member committee established by Federal law and composed of the members of the Board of Governors and representatives of five Reserve Banks, directs the purchase of Treasury obligati.ons on the secondary market. These purchases inject funds into the accounts of the sellers, which expands the money supply. Similarly, if it is determined to contract the money supply, the FOMC directs the sale of securities from the System's portfolio. The amounts tendered for these securities are then held by the Federal Reserve. The interest earned on the securities in the Federal Reserve's portfolio is used to pay the System's operating costs with the remainder, after a contribution to surplus, being paid into the Treasury. In calendar year 1981, payments by the Federal Reserve to the United States Treasury were in excess of $14 billion. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • The honorable Robert J. Lagomarsino Page Four Senator Metcalf also states that the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 is an unconstitutional delegation of Congress' authority "to coin money and regulate the value thereof" (Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution of the United States). Although the United States Supreme Court has not rendered a decision involving the constitutionality of the Federal Reserve Act as a whole, that Court and other Federal courts have upheld the constitutionality of various provisions of the Federal Reserve Act. In this connection, some of the cases bearing on the constitutional validity of the Federal Reserve Act include First National Bank v. Union Trust Co., 244 U.S. 416, and Burnes National Bank v. Duncan, 265 U.S. 17 (the authority of the Board to authorize nitra-il banks to exercise trust powers); Hiatt v. U.S., 4 F.2d 374, cert. den., 266 U.S. 704 (upholding the provisions of section 9 of the Federal Reserve Act permitting State banks to become members of the Federal Reserve System); and Raichle v. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 34 F.2d 910 (the establishment of discount rates). Addfiionally, the Supreme Court, in 1819, said that Congress had the power to charter banks and to give those banks the power to issue currency. McCulloch v. Maryland, 17 U.S. 316 (1819). The final issue presented by Senator Metcalf in his discussion of the Federal Reserve concerns audits of the Federal Reserve. He states that the Federal Reserve has never been subject to an independent audit. The accounts of the Board of Governors are audited each year by a firm of certified public accountants. Their audit report is reproduced beginning at page 205 of the enclosed copy of the Annual Report for 1981. Also enclosed is a staff memorandum describing the Federal Reserve's auditing procedures in more detail. In addition, the 95th Congress enacted Public Law 95-320, authorizing the Comptroller General of the United States to audit the Federal Reserve System. Pursuant to that statute, the General Accounting Office has conducted numerous audits of Federal Reserve activities. I hope this information will be useful. me know if I can be of further assistance. DR:GTS:AFC:pjt (#V-158) bcc: Dan Rhoads Gil Schwartz Mrs. Mallardi Sincerely, (Signed) Donald I. Winn Donald J. Winn Assistant to the Board Enclosures https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Please let Action assigned Mr. Bradfield COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO 19TH DISTRICT. CALIFORNIA SuBEOmmITTEES: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY AND TRADE 2332 RAYBORN BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 202-225-3601 Comm;of the tinite/3 :;;;)tate5 RANKING M I NORITY M EMBER Pou5e of RepreantatiW ri.e. 20515 COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS ASSISTANT REGIONAL WHIP, PLAINS AND WESTERN STATES https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS BUBCOMM ITTEES: INSULAR AFFAIRS July 20, 1982 RANKING M I NORITT M EMBER PUBLIC LANDS AND NATIONAL PARKS CD —II -"vi Honorable Paul Volker Chairman Federal Reserve Board Washington, D.C. C) rri CD -.4%) "Irn rri %AZ CIS 1•4 C.... C r"-- •••••• r., P.7., rn X9 2. = 1 . ! C.) c.-..) C) -,1 NJ (=I, cn ' NJ --"=1 11[ 35 Dear Mr. Chairman: ;Enclosed are articles I received from my constitunt,Go —.CI ri ....-- , . cr ...-_-..: ,....,z r r) rri :CI •••••• • Kit Lyons, regarding Federal Reserve fraud. I would appreciate your assistance in responding to my constituent. Thank you. RJL:klm encl. THIS STATIONERY PRINTED ON PAPER MADE WITH RECYCLED FIBERS tz cd C''r " olt... en .i. ..1 • LYONS Financial Services 1(,Liete- ,) -z,g —26/.6 t2e—d—cf< A-er-e-e-ge .) ›tcl<e c L-6 5266 Hollister Avenue, Suite 124 / P.O. Box 6010 / Santa Barbara, Ca. 93111 / (805) 967-0189 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Removal Notice The item(s) identified below have been removed in accordance with FRASER's policy on handling sensitive information in digitization projects due to copyright protections. Citation Information Document Type: Newspaper articles Citations: Number of Pages Removed: 3 Associated Press. "Fed Indictment Dismissed." News-Press (Santa Barbara, CA), July 10, 1982. Townsend, Jim. "Senator Explains the Unbelievable Fed Fraud." National Educator, May 1982. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis • of GO ' • . BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEOERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON,0.E. 20SSI August 11, 1982 The Honorable William Proxmire United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Proxmire: This is in further response to your letter of July 21 ent concerning the establishment of a uniform 12:00 noon presentm time for checks by Federal Reserve Banks. Subsequent to Chairman Volcker's letter to you of July 27 concerning this issue, the Board decided to solicit pubof lic comment on this proposal for a period of 45 days. A copy proposed the Federal Register notice requesting comment on the 0 noon improvements to the payments mechanism--including 12:0 ent presentment--is enclosed. Implementation of noon presentm further will be delayed pending the Federal Reserve System's consideration of this matter. As you are aware, the noon presentment proposal is d at improving an integral part of a series of modifications aime ing the the efficiency of the nation's banking mechanism,includ is being reduction of float. A broader float reduction plan months for formulated and will be announced in the next few public comment. The Board appreciates having your views and expects t able to implemen that as a result of public comment we will be h will make it improvements in the nation's payments system whic ants. more effective and efficient for all particip Sincerely, (SipmiDDNAdtVrlim Donald J. Winn Assistant to the Board Enclosure (8/4/82 P.R.) MJH:DLR:MB:CO:vcd (#V-156) bcc: Chairman Volcker, Bradfield Messrs. Allison, Meeder, McEntee, Hallmon, Rhoads, Ms. Walls August 11, 1982 The Honorable James J. Blanchard House of Representatives 20515 Washington, D.C. Dear Mr. Blanchard: Your letter of July 29 requested a delay in Federal Reserve Bank implementation of noon presentment of checks to allow for further examination of the effects of this change. Taking your letter into account, as well as requests from the banking industry for an opportunity to comment, the Board decided, as I believe you are aware, to request formal public comment. A copy of the Federal Register notice is enclosed. Implementation of noon presentment will be delayed pending the Federal Reserve System's further consideration of this matter. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The noon presentment proposal is an integral part of a series of modifications aimed at improving the efficiency of the nation's banking mechanism including the reduction of float. A broader float reduction plan is being formulated and will be announced in the next few months for public comment. I appreciate having your views and I expect that as a result of public comment we will be able to implement improvements in the nation's payments system which will make it more effective and efficient for all participants. Slncerely, Enclosure (p.r. dtd. 8/4/82) (MJH:MB:)CO:pjt (#V-175) / bcc: Mrs. Mallardi (2)/ JAMES J. BLANCHARD ACTION ASSIGNED TO CLYDE FARNSWORTH 2453 RAYBURN HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515 (202) 225-2101 18TH Dts-rmocr. MICHIGAN Congrez5 of the tiniteb tate5 26111 WOODWARD AVENUE (WOODWARD AT 10 MILE) Rorm.. OAK, MICHIGAN 48070 (313) 543-1106 jiiouZe of Reprefientatibe0 -Y7 lecusbington, ri.e. 20515 2.2 C4 Fr! July 29, 1982 co N./ tz) t rT; r; Mr. Paul A. Volcker Chairman Federal Reserve Board 20th St. and Constitution Ave., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 ;r: !C.)C, rt. CO =2 31: C, Coo ns about the Federal Reserve cer con p dee my s res exp to g tin wri am I s for check presentment, System's plans to revise its procedure re has been no opportunity especially in light of the fact that the ues involved. for a public airing of the relevant iss templated by the new procedures, Whether in fact noon presentment, con munity and to the general will prove beneficial to the banking com erves a full review and public, is a serious question that des highly inanpropriate for the evaluation. It appears to me to be s t greater input from all sector contemplated changes to occur withou l be affected by these of the economy and the public which wil revisions. no revisions be allowed to go I would respectfully request that the subject, including, if at forward without a public airing of all possible, a full public hearing. . I will look forward to your Thank you for your time and attention immediate reply. Sincerely, 41444P ARD NCH gLA ngressman https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis GI --4/-• rr7 < f'"1. Dear Mr. Chairman: JJB/dm rn L'" August 11, 1962 The Sonorable Jake Garn Chairman Committee on Banking, Dousing, anci Urban Affairs United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Mr. Chairman: al Your letter of July 27, 1982, on behalf of yourself and sever Federal Reserve of your Banking Committee colleagues, requested a delay in for further Bank implementation of noon presentment of checks to allow examination of the effects of this change. Taking your letter into account, as well as requests from the Board decided, the banking industry for an opportunity to comment, c comment. A copy as I believe you are aware, to request formal publi tion of noon of the Federal _Register notice is enclosed. Implementa System's further presentment will be delayed pending the Federal Reserve consideration of this matter. s The noon presentment proposal is an integral part of a serie of the nation's banking of modifications aimed at improving the efficiency of float. A broader mechanism including, as you have noted, the reduction announced in the float reduction plan is being formulated and will be next few months for public comment. a result I appreciate having your views awl I expect that as vements in the nation's of public comment we will be able to implement impro for all payments system which will make it more effective ane efficient participants. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sincerely, bi Enclosure MJE:MB:Inam (#V-166) bcc: Mr. Bradfield Mr. Hallmon Mrs. Mallardi (2)‘,/ E DIXON, DODD, CRANSTON, and RIEGL , LUGAR E, CRAFE ORS SENAT IDENTICAL LETTERS SENT L_ JAKE GARN. UTAH. CHAIRMAN JtJHN TON4ER, TEX. JOHN HEINZ, PA. 1.1LZRMSTRONG. COLO. RICHARD G. LUGAR. IND. ALFONSE M. OAMATO, N.Y. JOHN H. CHAFEE, R.I. HARRISON ...JACK" SCHMITT, N. MEX. NICHOLAS F. BRADY, N.J. DONALD W. RIEGLE. JR.. MICH. WILLIAM PROXMIRE. WIS. ALAN CRANSTON, CAUF. PAUL S. SARBANES, MD. CHRISTOPHER J. DODO, CONN. ALAN J. DIXON. ILL. JIM SASSER, TENN. Action assigned to Mr. Meeder. 'ZICnifeb Ziatez Zerrafe COM M ITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING. ANIt M. DANNY WALL, STAFF DIRECTOR ROBERT W. RUSSELL, MINORITY STAFF DIRECTOR URBAN AFFAIRS WASHINGTON, D.C. 20510 dk5 6 July 27, 1982 . C) Lcv co r c-J C- I** co T% c, M The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System 20th & C Streets, NW Room B2125 Washington, D. C. 20551 CZ) 00 - "Si n (.1 ) rTi < r* rt:< 3K NJ . . :'#) --e• Ad. 7 1-1 24; Dear Chairman Volcker: It has come to our attention that in May the twelve Federal Reserve Banks announced the establishment of a uniform nationwide 12:00 noon presentment time for city items, effective August 1, 1982. As we understand it, currently the time Federal Reserve Banks present items drawn on Reserve city banks is established locally, but is generally several hours earlier than 12:00 noon. Apparently this policy change was merely announced by operating circular, without prior publication or any opportunity for formal comment by the banking industry or the public. This announcement has caused considerable concern because of the potential serious and largely unexplored long-range effects of a noon presentment deadline. It is our understanding that the adoption of this standard is largely a method to reduce float. While such a goal is desirableC and in keeping with the objectives of the Monetary Control Act of 1 1980, we believe the manner in which the Federal Reserve has chosen to proceed in this regard is unusual, and we strongly urge that the implementation of the noon deadline be delayed so that its impact can be carefully examined and discussed. In view of the possible long-run effects on the nation's payments system and in order to facilitate the examination and discussion process, we urge the adoption of a period for public comment on this proposed change. We would appreciate your prompt attention to this matter. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Sinc rely, Donald W. Riegl I . . . -••• The Honorable Paul A. Volcker July 27, 1982 Page Two I40 ---4:::: Richard G. Lugar4 11 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Alan Cranston •••• .•0:, .. ofGovii.. -e. . •0 • -n '..-A •-.1' .."' 4, • ofAvt... fhit;,el:Ck \\ .i. H.• AL:: c.). 44/. BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON August 10, 1982 PRESTON MARTIN VICE CHAIRMAN The Honorable Jake Garn Chairman Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Mr. Chairman: Chairman Volcker is not in Washington and, after consulting with him by telephone, he asked me to convey to you his views on the proposed instructions to DIDC contained in the Banking Committee print and in the proposed substitute, as you requested in your letter of August 4, 1982. The task assigned to the DIDC by Congress of removing deposit interest rate ceilings consistent with assuring the safety and soundness of depository institutions is both difficult, in terms of reconciling these two policy objectives, and very complex, in terms of the multitude of factors that must be taken into account in fashioning financial instruments that move us along, as expeditiously as possible, toward these objectives. We have made considerable progress along this road, aided by the statutory discretion given to the DIDC to formulate financial instruments for depository institutions on a flexible basis that have been carefully tailored to the requirements of both objectives. We have made less progress than we would have liked because of our concern that abrupt deregulation would have very serious consequences for the financial system. As you know, I am very concerned that changes in deposit instrument characteristics that could result in substantial and accelerated outflows of funds from low cost savings accounts would have major adverse consequences for thrift and bank earnings and ultimately for the financial system, especially in light of the other pressures on the profits of depository institutions in the current economic environment. In our view, any additional earnings obtained from attracting new funds to a competitive instrument and investing them at a small spread would be offset many times over by the effect of having to pay far more for the funds now in savings accounts, much of which would surely shift if a high yielding, high liquidity, low minimum balance instrument were offered by banks and thrifts. I am also concerned that the DIDC retain flexibility to take into account the effects of its actions on the financial structure as well as on monetary policy. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis The Honorable Jake Garn Page Two This analysis leads us to the conclusion that DIDC has been provided with the necessary administrative tools to accomplish Congress' complex and not easily reconciled policy objectives, and that additional directives aimed at speeding the process may well be inconsistent with the achievement of previously expressed Congressional goals. Accordingly, we would prefer no change in the instructions to DIDC contained in the Depository Institutions Deregulation Act. However, if Congress should decide to act in this area, we would prefer the legislative language which maintains the greatest degree of flexibility for DIDC. In this regard, we believe that the Committee print is more satisfactory than the substitute and would be more consistent with achieving the dual goals of deposit deregulation in a manner that is compatible with maintaining the safety and soundness of depository institutions. In closing, we would like to recall that legislative action dealing with depository institution liability powers only addresses a part of the competitive problem. For example, money market funds, in addition to freedom from interest rate ceilings, are also not subjec t to reserve requirements and other regulatory constraints on bank and thrift powers. For reserve requirements in particular, not only competitive equality but also the effective conduct of monetary policy argue that all funds capable of being used for transactions purposes be subject to similar rules. We have previously asked Congress to grant the Federa l Reserve authority to impose reserve requirements on money fund shares with transactions capability; we again wish to bring this proposal to your attention in the context of legislation aimed at providing greater competitive equality among financial institutions. Sincerely, Preston Martin MB:DK:11w (#V-1 76) bcc: Mr. Bradfield Mr. Kohn Mrs. Mallardi Mrs. Winkler https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 9, 1982 The Honorable Howard H. Baker, Jr. United States Senate 20510 Washington, D.C. Dear Senator Baker: In Chairman Volcker's absence, I want to thank you for your letter of August 5 recommending Mr. Michael M. Van Buskirk as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Mr. Van Buskirk's qualifica- tions will receive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appointments to the Council. We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, Preston Martin CO:pjt (#V-179) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/clor of am incoming) Mrs. Mallardi Mrs. Winklet https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ; 1 ds 1-o2WARD H. BAKER, JR. TENNESSEE /1Cnifeb Zfafez Zenate OFFICE OF THE MAJORITY LEADER WASHINGTON, D.C. 20510 ... , fl 4 C) CO IV c-) r, rn ck 73. --rirri .....,in =71 August 5, 1982 fin < rt r" 2C3 :1' https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis y, 460::20 : oward H. Baker, Jr. HHBJr:ttm 1:=1 7SIC 70'. = 0..... OMR. I have received a letter of recommendation on behalf of Michael M. Van Buskirk who is interested in serving on the Federal Reserve Board's Consumer Advisory Council. Sincer 1 CD C.10 a .. Dear Mr. Chairman: Thank you for your attention to this matter. C C") 5:7) Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman Federal Reserve Board 20th Street and Constitution Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20551 It is my pleasure to forward his credentials to you for your consideration. LO -ri •11 C; M 33 CD C.,, > 1r" X, I=1 7. . 1c . ,. c, rr,...ri"II (1) , r, r---.:-....: r. 7.% --- % ..:', r-••'1--% VI. ,..• :it -; e-7: c. •.) ..1$ --ti (ft Removal Notice The item(s) identified below have been removed in accordance with FRASER's policy on handling sensitive information in digitization projects due to copyright protections. Citation Information Document Type: News release Citations: Number of Pages Removed: 1 Banc One Corporation. "Bank One News Release." 1982. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org August 6, 1982 The Honorable John H. Chafee United States Senate Washington, D. C. 20510 Dear Senator Chafee: In Chairman Volcker's absence, I want to thank you for your letter of August 5 recommending Ms. Janet Scacciotti as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Ms. Scacciotti's qualifi- cations will receive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appointments to the Council. We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, /51 Preston Martin CO:vcd (V-178) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/copy of incoming) Mrs. Mallardi / Mrs. Winkler https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis JOHN H. CHAFEE ACTION ASSIGNED TO CAROL O'BRIEN WASHINGTON OFFICE: RHODE ISLAND FINANCE COMMITTEE WASH I NGTON, D.C. 20510 (202) 224-2921 COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS PROVIDENCE OFFICE: BANKING, HOUSING AND URBAN AFFAIRS COM MITTEE 'ZICrrifeb Ziatez -Zolale 301 JOHN O. FASTORg FEDERAL BUILDING KENNEDY PLAZA SELECT COM M ITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND 02903 (401) 5213-5294 TOLL FREE Nur.4sEw IN RHODE ISLAND 1-800-662-51E18 August 5, 1982 The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman The Federal Reserve System Federal Reserve Building Constitution Avenue Washington, D.C. 20551 711 "r1 OD N4 C. ) fr! X:31 CD 77 C. -P7t rn r) I n"" a) 71".= ;t; c:) 111-: "r1 CiN •..71 r --. re• Re: LT..; 611 tad) • tr. Janet Scacciotti Appointment to the Consumer Advisory Council Dear Mr. Chairman: I am writing to you to express my support for the candidacy of a Rhode Islander, Janet Scacciotti, for appointment to the Consumer Advisory Council. Janet Scacciotti is the President of the Guild Loan and Investment Co., a subsidiary of Rhode Island's second largest commercial bank, Old Stone Corporation. In this capacity, Janet has developed a particular expertise in consumer-related affairs, and has been instrumental in the development and implementation of numerous consumer savings services. In addition to her responsibilities as President of Guild, Janet also is a member of such committees of Old Stone Corporation as the Senior Management, Interest Rate, and Asset Liability Management Committees. She also serves as the Director of the Rhode Island Share and Deposit Indemnity Corporation, a state-chartered deposit insurer for credit unions and loan and investment companies. I believe that Janet's background would make her eminently qualified to serve on the Consumer Advisory Council, and I ask that you give her candidacy your most thoughtful consideration. Sincerely yours, ' ) (John H. Chaf-e d State —Senator https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis JHC/mkd 1 .• • • of Govt'. .. •0 • -n BOARD OF GOVERNORS 1-• OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON . •11' August 5, 1982 •• 4.RAL RES" •••..••• PRESTON MARTIN VICE CHAIRMAN The Honorable Claudine Schneider House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Ms. Schneider: In Chairman Volcker's absence, I appreciate the opportunity to comment on the resolution of the Rhode Island Fraternal Order of Eagles urging the President to invoke the Credit Control Act of 1969 in an effort to lower interest rates. I am acutely aware of the financial stresses that high interest rates have been generating within our economy. In an effort to force interest rates lower, the resolution of the Rhode Island Fraternal Order of Eagles would rely on credit controls. As you know, the Credit Control Act no longer is in force, having expired on July 1, 1982. But even if the Act were revived along the lines of proposals now pending before the Congress, I believe strongly that credit controls would be a less effective, efficient, and equitable way of handling our problems of inflation than depending on monetary and fiscal policy tools--slow as they appear to be in achieving the desired objectives. A discussion of the issues involved, including problems of relying on credit controls to try to channel spending in directions deemed to be socially desirable, is set forth in my recent testimony (copy enclosed) before a subcommittee of the House Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs. The testimony presents the Board's views about legislation that would reinstate the Credit Control Act in a modified form. I would especially underscore the thrust of the final paragraph of the statement; namely, that we must strive to assure credit flows to all private borrowers at reasonable rates of interest by pursuing monetary and fiscal policies that promise a lasting abatement of inflationary pressures. I hope that you will find these comments to be helpful. Sincerely, Preston Martin Enclosure RMF:JSZ:pjt (#V-167) bcc: Mr. Fisher Mr. Zeisel Ms. Wing Mrs. Mallardil Mrs. WinRler https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis tcfrthrt,,—Dtj ACTION ASSIGNED JIM KICHLINE 101. 4-..-AUOINE SCHNEIDER 2z) DisTR!cr. RHooK !sumo COMMITTEES: MERCHANT MARINE AND FISHERIES WASHINGTON OFFICE: SUI'TE 1431 SUBCOMMITTEES: LoNGwoRTH Nova's Orrice BtnuDING PHONE:(202)225-2735 ,0/9:exg6iitedYeatak DISTRICT OFFICE: 30 ROLFE STREET CRANSTON, RHODE ISLAND 02910 PHonEE: 528-4861 FISHERIES AND WILDLIFE CoNSERVATIoN AND THE ENVIRONMENT oCEANOGRAPHY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HOIISE OF REPRESENTA'IIVES WASHINGTON, D.C. 90515 suscompArirmm ENERGY DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH, July 23, 1982 AND ENVIRONMENT The Honorable Paul A. Volcker Chairman Board of Governors Federal Reserve System Twentieth St. and Constitution Ave., NW Washington, DC 20551 co az P..' C-. = 7— CZ C, 1'. .7.) CD "7- N.) " i Q n r ,., -II -rl (13 r":" ••••“.7 . 1 .: :;. ...,:t r: : . JZzit Dear Mr. Chairman: r:1 c.-.. C41 = > ,-- ar <f•...: ..,-, rn AIM, IA 1 .1 . .. ' • " I have enclosed a copy of a resolution regarding the use-1, of funds to stimulate construction, agriculture and other baslc industries which was unanimously adopted by the members present at the 1982 annual convention of the Rhode Island Fraternal Order of the Eagles. r ."... As you will see, the resolution raises a number of issues regarding interest rates and the Federal Reserve System's impact on interest rate levels. The Eagles propose that the President implement the Credit Control Act to initiate a lowering of interest rates. I ask that you review the statements contained therein and respond to me with your thoughts on this matter. If you have questions in this regard, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your attention. Sincerely, lelnigaia( Claudine Schneider Member of Congress CS:dc Enclosure https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis t•-‘ https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis RESOLUTION WHEREAS, the present Administration economists have said that the economy would turn around in late 1981 and come roaring back in the Spring of 1982, and WHEREAS, at this date, there is no recovery in sight, and WHEREAS, the prime interest rate is 16 or 16.5 percent and the lending rate to most borrowers is a point or two higher, and WHEREAS, the FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD should be directed to channel funds away from corporate takeovers and speculative investments and into construction, agriculture and other basic industries, ; and WHEREAS, in 1980 after credit controls were used by President Carter, interest rates on new home mortgages dropped from 16 to about 12.5 percent in July of that year, NOW THEREFORE, The FRATERNAL ORDER OF EAGLES at Convention assembled in West Warwick, Rhode Island, on this 6th day of June1982, hereby goes on record as urging President Reaaan to use the CREDIT CONTROL ACT to force a lowering of interest rates, and it is I FURTHER RESOLVED that a copy of this Resolution be forwarde 1 on: Delegati ional Congress Island Rhode to The White House: to the to the Grand Aerie, F.O.F.; to the Providence Journal Company and to the Eagle Magazine. , State Secretary eorge B Rhode Island State Aerie Ronnie Steer, RI State Presfaeni— Judge aymon6 A. LThomas, Chairman, Resolutions Comm. dfkrretary lutions Committee iNNA, ). is9) .• . of GOvidi BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM WASHINGTON •0 • -•.1 AL RE • •..• • August 5, 1982 PRESTON MARTIN VICE CHAIRMAN The Honorable Bruce F. Vento House of Representatives Washington, D.C. 20515 Dear Mr. Vento: In Chairman Volcker's absence, I am replying to your letter of July 21 regarding the impact of the Bank Export Services Act on the demand for export credit. Under the Act, it is contemplated that U.S. banks would both invest in export trading companies and lend to those companies to finance their activities generally. These activities would include exporting from and importing to the United States, as well as financing trade between foreign countries. How the balance would be struck among these various types of activities is not clear. Export trading companies could be expected to develop gradually, and would doubtless obtain financing both from banks in the United States and from banks abroad. The pattern of such financing would be related in part to the volume of export and import business that was shifted to the trading companies, as well as to new business that they might develop. Thus, a high degree of uncertainty exists regarding potential demands by trading companies for U.S. bank credit over the next few years, and the Federal Reserve staff has not made estimates of the possible impact of trading companies on credit flows. Strength in exports as in any other section of the U.S. economy would contribute to recovery, and the concern you express about the adequacy of credit to finance export growth is part of a more general issue regarding credit flows in a recovery. As recovery proceeds income and savings will grow, helping to finance the expansion. I would not expect export trading companies to be a sizable factor in total demands for credit or in the demands placed upon particular sectors of the market. In conclusion, I should emphasize that improvement in the competitive position of U.S. industry is an essential https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis ' The Honorable Bruce F. Vento Page Two condition for a strong export sector--one that encompasses a broad range of domestic industries and firms. This improvement will be fostered by the new attitudes of cost containment and productivity growth that we are now seeing in our economy as entrenched patterns of inflationary expectations and behavior are changed. Sincerely, Preston Martin RFG:pjt (#V-159) bcc: Mr. Gemmill Mrs. Mallardi Mrs. Winkler https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 0210- Action assigned Mr. Kichline BRUCE F. VENTO 4TH DISTRICT. HOUSE COMMITTEE ON BANKING, FINANCE AND URBAN AFFAIRS INNESOTA 130 CA /4/4014 Housc Orrscr BtriuM40 imar-,4, D.C. 20515 t , (202)1.25-6631 Congre5sis of the alniteb &tate% DISTRICT OFFICE: Rmop.4150 PAcAres PARK PLACE 405 SIBLEY STREET SAINT PAUL, M INNESOTA SM M (612) 725-7724 abOttlit of NtepreZentatibesi 20515 HOUSE COMMITTEE ON INTERIOR AND INSULAR AFFAIRS HOUSE SELECT COMMITTEE ON AGING 'flji ;CA ingtOnAB•C• --.. July 21, 1982 %l' I / 4'r i Paul A. Volcker, Chairman Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Federal Reserve Building Constitution Avenue Washington, D. C. 20551 1 nq ........ N1 7) '1rn -,r-) :r ri ril< —rn c., :-3= -.J :7 -:-.. ..- tC), emo r...A C.= r— N.) (.0 =1 air QD CD 4' 1 ,S rn XV' f' ' lin ) 67. 7.-" 1"r= ": -: ..... „,., .. ''.c1 ' 2r , ,...., •••••• -4 Recent action on H. R. 6016, the Bank Export Services Act, gives indication that it is likely to become law. This legislation can have a positive effect upon our nation's export sector. However, it does raise questions regarding conduct of domestic monetary policy. In testimony before the House Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs Committee, Secretary of Commerce Baldrige stated that the legislation could increase the credit demand of the export sector by $10 billion. I am concerned that this new demand for credit to finance exports not come at the expense of other credit-sensitive sectors of the economy. If the Federal Reserve Board does not accommodate this new demand for credit, additional pressure will be placed upon the financial markets and cause needed credit to become more scarce and expensive. I would be most interested to learn if the FederalReserve Board has estimated the amount of the increased demand for credit facilitated by this legislation. Does it differ from the estimate of the Secretary of Commerce? Has there been/ any analysis of the effect of this increased demand for credit upon the avail-i ability and cost of this credit? If, without any changes in current Federal Reserve Board policy, the new demand for credit by export trading companies raises the cost and scarcity of credit, is there any action which the Federal Reserve Board can take to mitigate the adverse effect upon credit-sensitive I am sure we both agree that it is necessary for our nation to encourage exports which result in increased employment opportunities for American workers. For this to be successful, there will necessarily be an increased demand for credit by export trading companies and American manufacturers of exported products. However, it would be poor public policy for the Federal government to encourage American exports and the resultant increased demand for credit at the expense of American workers employed in other creditsensitive industries. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis RECYCLED FIBERS THIS STATIONERY PRINTED ON PAPER MADE WITH Cd 12'It/ x rnoc) ,.,-n-ri Dear Chairman Volcker: industries? 127 -. -1-. ; ....., July 21, 1982 Paul A. Volcker, Chairman Page Two Unless Congress and the Federal Reserve recognize this increased demand and craft policy which accommodates these changes, the effect of this promising legislation will be counter productive. I am most interested to learn of your thoughts on this matter. Sin ly ce F. Vento ember of Congress BFV:mad https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis August 3, 1982 The Honorable Fernand J. St Germain House of Representatives Washington, D. C. 20515 Dear Mr. St Germain: In Chairman Volcker's absence, I want to thank you for your letter of July 29 recommending Ms. Janet M. Scacciotti as a member of the Board's Consumer Advisory Council. I can assure you that Ms. Scacciotti's qualifications will receive full consideration when the Board makes the 1982 appointments to the Council. We will be in touch with you when the selections are made. Again, thank you for your interest. Sincerely, /s/ Preston Martin CO:vcd (V-172) bcc: Mrs. Bray (w/cppy of incoming) Mrs. MallardiV Mrs. Winkler
@FedFRASER