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COMCEPT OF THE MONEI SUPPLY Money: Currencgr and Demand Deposits of Bank Money and Near-Money Liquidity of Assets Role of U.S. Treasury in structure of monetary credit gold reserves Treasury currency issues Controversy: problem of determining for statistical purposes the ingredients of the 'money supply.1 MONEX SUPPLY: Definitions !• Currency outside banks, plus demand deposits (but exclusive of interbank and Federal Government deposits and less items in process of collection) • ?• "privately held* money supply: to above* time deposits added 3. £d: total deposits, adjusted, plus currency outside banks plus U.S. Gov. deposits at F.R. banks and commercial and bivings banks, Treasury cash holdings plus net foreign banks deposits TOTAL MONET SUPPLY If Money - Regulation Barber, A# V. Currency expansion and bank credit• (In:The Banker, May 19S8, p.155-41) An estimate of the effect of the recent monetary tendencies on the banking systai • The use of exchange control has eliminated much of the banking power. BURNS, A. F. Relative importance of check and cash payments in the United States, 1919-1928, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, December, 1929. CARLSON, Valdemar Democratizing Money, JOURNAL OF FINANCE, Vol.11, No. 2, October, 1947, pp. 68-71• advocate of subsidy for banks to compensate for cost of servicing their demand deposit accounts to widen use of deposit currency CHASE, H. S. The confusion regarding money, BANKERS MAGAZINE, April and May, 1938, Pp. 5, 6. CHASE, Harvey S. "Honey and Bank Deposits," JOURNAL OF ACCOUNTANCY, January, 1936. CHASE, H. S. "Are Bank D e p o t s Money?" BANKERS MAGAZINE, September, 1935* Pp. 6 . CHASE, Harvey S* "Are Bank Deposits Money?* BAHEERS1 MAGAZINE, September, 1935« COHEN, Jacob Financial intermediaries and the supply of money, JU-.VILV OF ECONOMICS & STATISTICS, Vol. 36, No. 3, August, 3954, pp. 331-334. COHEN, Jacob Financial intexmedlaries and the supply of money ]A Note], THE REVIEW OF ECONOMICS & STATISTICS, XXXVI, Aug. 1954, pp. 331-34. i tin-HP, '"* *»o1ua/ 1 / an<i ^6*r »iuJu<*l COPELAND, M. A. and BRILL, Daniel K. Banking assets and the money supply since 1929, FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN, January, 194S. 8 pp COPELAND, M., and BRILL, D. H. "Banking Assets and the Money Supply Since 1929," FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN, January, 1948, pp. 24-32. COPELAND, H. k. and BRILL, D* H. Bank assets and the money supply since 1929* FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN, Jan. 194B, pp. 24-32. Analysis of changes in the money supply and the factors causing them COPELAND, M. A. and BRILL, D. H. "Banking assets and the money supply since 1929, FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN, XXXIV, Jan. 1948, pp. 24-32. CROSS, Ira B. Note on factors affecting our monetary supply, JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, Vol. U, No. 5, October, 1936, pp. 691-692. CROSS, Ira B. •'Note on factors affecting our Bioney supply,11 JOUENAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, October, 1936, CROSS, Ira 8. "Note on Factors Affecting Our Monetary Supply," JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, XLIV, October, 1936, pp. 691-2. Comment on Seymour Harris's book review, JPE, 1936. CROSS, IntB. "Mote on factors affee ting our monetary supply," JOORKAL OF POLITICAL ECOMOMI, October 1936. CRQVTHER, Geoffrey The Future of the Banks, TRANSACTIONS [OF THE MACHESTER STATISTICAL SOCIETI, Session, i943-44. February, 1944 • Empirical study of the relationship between money and money income CURRIE, Lauchlin The economic distribution of demand deposits, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, Vol. 33, No. 202, June, 1938, pp. 319-326. concept of velocity of money as tool of analysis Analysis of demand deposits by types of depositors Data on distribution of money —helpful for understanding of the factors reflected in changes in income velocity. CURRIE, Lauchlin "The economic distribution of demand deposits," JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, v. 33, no, 202, June 1938. pp. 319-326. 3 pp. DANIELS, G. V. The Circulation of Moneji in Relation to Production and Employment, THE MANCHESTER SCHOOL, IV, 1933, pp. 15-29. DICE, Charles A. and SCHAFFNER, Philip A neglected component of the money supply, AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 29, Sept. 1939, pp. 514-520. DICE, Charles A. end SCHAFFNER,, Philip A neglected component of the money supply, THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXIX, September, 1939, pp. 5U-520. See comment: VILLARD, H. H., "A Note on offset checks as a component of the money supply," AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXIX, December, 1939, pp. 798-99. DICE, C. A. and SCHAFFNER, P.: A Reply to Mr. Villard," AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXX, March, 1940, p. 113. EITEMAN, V. J.: "Comment on 'Offset Shcecks as a Component of the Money Supply* by Mr. Villard, AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXX, March, 1940, pp. 114-115 Comment by E. C. Harwood, ibid., p. 115. Dice, °. A. and SCHAFFNER, P.; "A reply to Mr. Villard," AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXX, March 1940. VILLARD, H.H.: Further Comment on 'Offset Checks,'" AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXX, D e c , 1940, pp. 823-5J "Offset Checks: Further Reply," by Dice and Schaffner, ibid., pp. 825-27 DUNBAR, C. F. Deposits as Currency, QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Vol. I, July, 1887. DUNBAR, D e p o s i t s a s Currency, QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, 1887. ELLIOTT, C. "Bank Cash," CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE, Vol. A, no. 3, August, 1938, pp. 432-4.59. FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF PHILADELPHIA. Money on good behavior - Anntial Report, 1955* Philadelphia: Federal Reserve Bank, 1956. 40 pp. Analysis of the money supply during the recent minor recession FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN Measurement of factors influencing the volume of deposits and currency, Vol. 30, No. 6, June, 19U. FISHER, A* G. B. n Does an increase in volume of production call for a corresponding increase in the voluoae of money?1* AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXV, June 1935, pp.197-211. FISHER, A. G. B. Does an increase in volume of production call for a corresponding increase in volume of money? AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXV, June, 1935, pp. 197-211. FISHER, A.G.B. "Volume of Production and Volume of Money" A.E.R. Vol XXV, No. 2 June 1935 ~Tk* QncVo^d Soppltj Ctodd o? Louies lawK Mci^e-y lQ2.o-3Q Q it^v GOODWIN, Richard M. The Supply of Bank Money in England and Wales, 1920-38. OXFORD ECONOMIC PAPERS, June, 1941. HARTZEL, Elmer Time deposits, HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW, October, 1934, pp* 33-43• HARTZEL, E. "Time d e p o s i t s , " HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW, October, 1934. Pp. 1 1 . HARTZEL, Elmer "Time Deposits, » HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW, October, 1934. HUTT, W. H. The notion of the volume of money, SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Vol. 20, No. 3, September, 1952. JONES, Frederick V. Ifaderstanding Money Supply, BUSINESS EECORD (National Industrial Conference Board, Vol. H I , No. 11, November, 1955, pp* 416-18. JONES, Frederick V. Surplus money: A postwar problem, ECONOMIC RECORD (National Industrial Conference Board), Vol. V, No. 11, November, 1943. LEONG, Y. S. An estimate of the amount and of the amount of money in the United States, JOURNAL OF XXXVIII, 1930, pp. of money held by the banks general circulation in POLITICAL ECONOMY, 164-93. LEONG, I. S. "An estimate of the volume of deposit cuxrency in the United States," JOURHAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMI, XXXVII, 1929, pp. 583-603. LIN, Lin Are Time Deposits Money? THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXVII, March, 1937, pp. 76-86. LIN, Lin Are time deposits money? AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, Vol. 27, March, 1937, pp. 76-86. characteristics of time deposits LIN, LIN "Are Time Deposits Money?" THE AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXVIJ, No. 1 , March, 1937, pp. 78-86. LIN, Lin Federal Reserve Currency. Doctoral thesis . Chap. 1, abstracted in ABSTRACTS OF DOCTORS1 DISSERATIONS, No. 17. Ohio State aniversity Press, 1935* Time deposits, pp. 80-81 MEADE, J. E. The Amount of Money and the Banking System, ECONOMIC JOUENAL, March, 1934. amount of money = total deposit liabilities of member banks + amount of notes held by the public MEADE, J . E. "The Amount of Moaasy and the Banking System, 1 ' ECONOMIC JOURNAL, 1934. Reprinted i n READINGS IN MONETARY THEORY. PETERSON, J. Marvin "Money supply and the level of business activity," ch. Ill, in DETERMINING THE BUSINESS OUTLOOK (ed. by Herbert V. Proehnow). New York: Harper, 1954, pp. 51-85. POLAK, J. J. and WHITE, William H* The effect of income expansion on the quantity of money, IMF STAFF PAPERS, IV, Aug», 1955, pp. 398-433. PRITCHARD, Leland J. Toward a More Meaningful Statistical Concept of the Money Supply, JOURNAL OF FINANCE, IX, March, 1954. Mona E. DINGLE: "A Comment," ibid., X, March, 1955, pp. 62-66j "A Reply" by L. J. Pritchard, pp. 66-67; "Rejoinder" by M. E. DINGLE, p. 69. PRITCHABD, Leland J. "Tovard a More Meaningful Statistical Concept of the Money Supply," THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE, IX, March 1954, PP. 41-4S. PRITCHARD, Leland J. Toward a more meaningful statistical concept of one money supply, JOURNAL OF FINANCE, IX, March 1954, pp. 41-48. ROBINSON, Roland I. Money Supply and Liquid Asset Formation, AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXXVI, No. 1, March, 1946, pp. 127133. money supply and adequacy of money stock RODKEX, R. G. Bank deposits, EHCICLOPAEDIA OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, ed. by E. R. A. Seligman. Vol. II. New York: 1930, pp. 416-17. RODKEY, R. G. Bank Deposits, in ENCYCLOPEDIA OF THE SOCIAL SCIMCES. SAVKINS, D. T. Factors of the flov of money and their variance, ECONOMIC HECOFD, June, 1933. Pp. 19. SCHUMACHER, Arnold C. Changes in the money forces during 1955 and their implications, THE ANALYSTS JOUHNAL, Vol. 12, No. 2, May, 1956, pp. 45-47. The relationship of money forces to equity prices, loc. cit., February, 1955• dud "+JA«L lrcoSoc-cy , JVlt>ntlo^c| . 1 ~»ap<fr / O D . V J December *- I CClj art t c < ^ J Mfa- fllaeont 4pn/ Cleartncf and **» /y . itoe ^ ^^/>p/xj SCHAFFNER, P. P. Intra-account clearing and the supply of money, (University of Chicago) JOURNAL OF BUSINESS, April, 1938, part I . Pp. 10. SHAW, Edward S. MONEY, INCOME, H D MONETARY POLICY. Richard D. Irwin, Inc., 1950. Chicago: Chaps, xi and xxv - influence of Treasury policies on the money supply SIM10NS, Edward C. "A note on the causes of instability in the money supply," JOURNAL OF FINANCE, VI, Sept. 1951. SIMMONS, Edward C. "A note on the causee of instability in the money supply," JOUBNAL OF FINANCE, VI, Sept. 1951, pp. 333-337. SNYDER, Carl Turnover of deposits, AMERICAN BANKERS' ASSOCIATION JOURNAL, February, 1924. STEINER, William Hovard Activity of mutual-savings-bank deposits, JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, December, 1937, pp* 759-303* H Savings banks Steiner, W. H. Activity of mutual-savings-bank deposits.(In Jr.of Political Economy,Dec.1957,p.789-803) The author holds that activity of savings deposits is a savings,and not a currency or monetary problem,and finds that previous estimates of time-deposit velocity of twice a year appear to be far too high. IT Steiner, 1. H. Activity of mutual-savings-bank deposits* (In Jr. of Political Economy, Dec.l937 f p.789-803.) Ths author holds that activity of savings deposits is a savings t and not a currency or m o n etary problem* and finds that previous estimates of time-deposit velocity of twice a year appear to be far too high* Deposits-Velocity Deposits-Savings banks. Thrift. SUTTON, Joseph H. THE PBDSPERITT DILEMMA. Kansas City, Mo.: Vhite-Lowell Press, 1953* Pp. i x , 130. Money supply TIRANA, Rifat Behavior of Bank Deposits Abroad, AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, SUPPLEMENT, XXX, March, 1940, pp. 92-105. WALK, Haskell P. FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN, May, 1940. estimates of distribution of demand deposit holdings by economic classes of depositors. reviews changes in demand deposit holdings of the various classes of depositors between end-1933 and end1937, and also presents estimates of the distribution of time deposit holdings These estimates are base* upon data compiled primarily from corporation income tax returns and represent a continuation of study of the distribution of demand deposits pub. in FEDERAL RESERVE BULLETIN, October, 1939, and of the earlier study by Martin Krost and Lauchlin Currie, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION, June, 1938• WALKER, E. Ronald and BEECROFT, R. M. CHANGES IN THE STOCK OF AUSTRALIAN MONEY. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 194-2. 8 pp. VARBURTON, Clark How much variation in the quantity of money is needed? THE SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, Vol. XVIII, No. A, April, 1952. WARBURTON, Clark Hov much v a r i a t i o n i n t h e quantity of money i s needed? SOUTHERN ECONOMIC JOURNAL, XVIII, No. 4 , August, 1952. VAHBURTON, Clark Volume of savings, quantity of money, and business instability, JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMT, June 194-7. VARBURTON, Clark Volume of savings, quantity of money, and business instability, JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, June, 1947, pp. 222-233. VARBORTON, Clark "Quantity and frequency of use of aoney in the United States, 1919-45," JOUBNAL OF POLITICAL ECONQMI, LIV, Oct. 194&, pp. 436-50. VARBURTON, Clark "The Volume of Money and the Price Level between the World Wars," JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, March, 1945. WARBDRTON, Clark "The Volune of Money and the Price Level Between the World Wars," JOURNAL OF POLITICAL ECONOMY, June 1945. SNIDER, Carl "Industrial Growth and Moaetaiy Theoiy,w ECONOMIC JQKOM, Vol. I, Sunnier, 1933. WHITTLESEY, C. R. "Memorandum on the s t a b i l i t y o f demand deposits, 1 * AMERICAN ECONOMIC REVIEW, XXXIX, Dec. 1949, pp. 1192-2 1203. •»>« c W * « / e r / ^ C I of S«a,^s S/S£i4/ WHITTLESEY, C. E. Meaoramitai on the s t a b i l i t y of demand deposit*, AMERICAN ECONOMIC ROTEK, Vol. 39, December, 1$&9, pp. 1192-1203. Credit—Instability of bank Deposits—Demand VIJNHOLDS, H. V. J . Author File Velocity of circulation, money stock and money possession, THE SOUTH AFRICAN JOUENAL OF ECONOMICS, Vol. 22, No. 3 , September, 1954. pp. 311-25.