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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ROYAL M EEKER, C o m m issio n e r
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES \ ....................WT
0£A
B U R E A U OF L A B O R S T A T I S T I C S /
1 N 0 . 2 -0 5 J
W H O L E S A L E
P R I C E S
W H OLESALE
1890
TO
S E R I E S
P R IC E S
1919
JU L Y , 1920
W ASH IN G TO N
G O V ERNM ENT PR IN T IN G OFFICE
1920
CONTENTS.
Page.
Introduction....................................................................................................................... 7-11
Prices of commodities, 1917 to 1919...............................................................................11-26
Average wholesale prices of important commodities, 1890 to 1919...................... 27-29 •
T able 1.— Sources of price quotations, 1918 and 1919..............................................
10
T able 2.— Number of commodities, or series of quotation?, b y market?, 1918
and 1919......................................................................................................
10
T able 3.—Number of commodities, or series of quotations, classified as to
frequency, 1918 and 1919........................................................................
11
T able 4.—Changes in average prices from 1916 to 1917, from 1917 to 1918, and
from 1918 to 1919, b y groups of commodities......................................
18
T able 5.— Index numbers of wholesale prices, b y groups of commodities, 1890
to 1919..........................................................................................................14,15
T able 6.— Index numbers of wholesale prices, b y groups of commodities and
b y months, 1913 to 1919.......................................................................... 16-19
T able 7.—Wholesale price indexes of identical commodities in raw and manu
factured state, 1890 to 1919...................................................... ..........
T able 8.—Wholesale price indexes of identical commodities in raw and manu23
factured state, b y months, 1913 to 1919...............................................24, 25
T able 9.—Average wholesale prices of commodities, 189Q to 1919.................... 30-143
Prices of important food commodities during the war period........................... 145-173
Wheat and flour..................................................................................................... 145-151
Com and meal........................................................................................................ 151-153
Other grains............................................................................................................ 153-156
Live stock and meats............................................................................................ 156-163
Dairy products....................................................................................................... 163-168
Sugar, tea, and coffee........................................................................................... 168-173
Appendix A .—Table of weights used in computing index numbers of whole
sale prices for 1918 and 1919, b y groups of commodities.................................. 175-182
A ppendix B .— Relative importance of commodities, as measured b y their
wholesale values in exchange in 1909 and 1919.................................................. 182-191
A ppendix C.—Wholesale prices in other countries.............................................. 191-200
Great B ritain......................................................................................................... 191-194
Canada.................................................................................................................... 194-196
Australia................................................................................................. ............ 197,198
France...................................................................................................................... 198,199
Italy......................................................................................................................... 199,200
CHARTS SHOWING Y E A R L Y FLUCTUATIONS OF W H OLESALE
OF COMMODITIES FO B EACH Y E A H , 1890 TO 1919.
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
PRICES
1.—A ll commodities combined.
2.— Farm products.
3.— Food, etc.
4.— Cloths and clothing.
5.— Fuel and lighting.
6.—Metals and metal products.
7.—Lumber and building materials.
8.— Chemicals and drugs.
3
4
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CONTENTS.
9.—House-furnishing goods.
10.— Miscellaneous commodities.
11.— Identical commodities in raw and manufactured state.
12.— Cotton: Middling, upland, spot, New York, 1890-1919, and middling,
spot, New Orleans, 1913-1919.
13.— Corn: Contract grades, cash, Chicago, 1890-1919, and No. 3 , mixed, cash,
Chicago, 1913-1919.
14.— Oats: Contract grades, cash, Chicago.
15.—Wheat: No. 1, northern spring, and No. 2, red winter, cash, Chicago,
1890-1913; No. 1, northern spring, cash, Chicago, 1913-1919; and
No. 2, hard winter, cash, Kansas City, 1913-1919.
16.— Hides: Packers’ , green, salted, heavy native steers, Chicago, 1890-1919;
packers’ , green, salted, heavy Texas steers, Chicago, 1913-1919; and
calfskins, country, No. 1, Chicago, 1913-1919.
17. — Cattle: Steers, good to choice and choice to prime, Chicago.
18.— Hogs: Light and heavy, Chicago.
19.— Butter: Creamery, extra, New York, 1890-1919; creamery, Elgin, 18901916; and creamery, extra, St. Louis, 1916-1919.
20.— Eggs: Fair to fancy, near-by, New York, 1890-1913;- firsts, fresh gathered,
New York, 1913-1919; and firsts, fresh, Chicago, 1913-1919.
21.—Wheat flour: Winter straights, New York, 1890-1913; winter straights,
Kansas City, 1913-1919;1 and second patents, Minneapolis, 1913-1919.1
2 2 . — Corn meal: Fine white, New York, 1890-1913, and white, bulk, Terre
Haute, 1913-1919.
23.— Bacon: Short clear sides; and ham:, smoked, loose, Chicago.
24.— Beef: Fresh, native sides, New Yrork, 1890-1919, and fresh, carcass,
Chicago, 1908-1919.
25. —Milk: Fresh, New York, 1890-1919; fresh, Chicago, 1913-1919; and
fresh, San Francisco, 1913-1919.
26. — Sugar: Granulated, and centrifugal, 96°, New York.
27.— Shoes: Men’s v ici kid, Goodyear welt, 1890-1919; women’s solid grain,
1890-1913; and wom en’s M cKay sewed, button, 1913-1919.
28.— Cotton yarn: Carded, white, 10/1, and carded, white, 22/1.
29.— Leather: Sole, hemlock, 1890-1919; wax calf, B grade, 1890-1906; and
chrome calf, B grade, 1906-1919.
30.— Print cloth: 28-inch, 64 x 64, 1890-1913; 27-inch, 64 x 60, 1913-1919; and
calico, American standard prints, 1906-1919.
31.— Suitings: Middlesex, 14-ounce, 1890-1912; middlesex, 15-ounce, 19121919; and clay worsted, 16-ounce, 1895-1919.
32.—W om en’s dress goods: Cashmere, 38-inch, 1890-1906; cashmere, 35-inch,
1906-1913; and French serge, 35-inch, 1913-1919.
33. — W ool: Ohio, fine fleece, scoured, 1890-1916; Ohio, fine clothing, scoured,
1916-1919; and Ohio, medium fleece, scoured, 1890-1919.
34.— Worsted yarn: 2-40s, Australian, 1890-1915; 2~40s, half blood, 1915-1919;
and 2-32s, crossbred, 1907-1919.
35.-—Anthracite coal: Chestnut and stove.
36.— Bituminous coal: Georges Creek, 1890-1913; New River, 1913-1919; and
coke, Connellsville, furnace, 1890-1919.
37.—Copper: Ingot, lake, 1890-1907; ingot, electrolytic, 1907-1919; and copper
wire, bare, No. 8, 1890-1919.
38.— Pig iron: Foundry, No. 2, northern; and Bessemer.
39.— Steel billets: Bessemer, 1890-1919; steel rails, Bessemer, 1890-1919; and
steel sheets, No. 27, 1894-1919.
1 U n il e d S la t e s F o o d A d m in i s t r a t io n s t a n d a r d in l ^ i s .
CONTENTS.
5
40.— Pig lead: Desilverized; and lead pipe.
41.— Spelter: Western; and sheet zinc.
C h a r t 42.— Brick: Common, red, New York.
C h a r t 43.— Plate glass: 5 to 10 square feet, unsilvered, 1890-1904; 5 to 10 square feet,
glazing, 1904-1919; and window glass, single. B, 1890-1919.
C h a r t 44.— Lumber: Oak, white, quartered; poplar; and ma£>le.
C h a r t 45.— Lumber: Yellow pine siding, New York, 1890-1914; yellow pine siding,
Norfolk, 1914-1919; and hemlock, 1890-1919.
C h a r t 46.— Linseed oil: Raw; carbonate of lead, in oil; and turpentine, spirits of.
C h a r t 47.— Alcohol: Grain.
C h a r t 48.—A cid: Sulphuric, and muriatic.
C h a r t 49.— Cottonseed oil: Prime, yellow; and cottonseed meal, prime.
C h a r t 50.—Paper: Wrapping, manila, 1890-1919; newsprint. 1890-1919; and wood
pulp, sulphite, 1913-1919.
C h a r t 51.— Proof spirits, 1890-1918; an d w h is k y , r y e , straigh t, barrels, 1913-1918.
Ch a r t
Ch a r t
CHARTS SHOWING M ONTHLY FLUCTUATIONS OF W H O LESALE PRIC ES
OF COMMODITIES FO R EACH MONTH, 1913 TO 1919.
C h a r t l a .— A ll c o m m o d itie s c o m b in e d .
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2a.— Farm products.
Ch a r t 3a.— Food, etc.
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4a.— Cloths and clothing.
5a.—Fuel and lighting.
6a.— Metals and metal products.
7a.— Lumber and building materials.
8a.'—Chemicals and drugs.
9a.-—House-furnishing goods.
C h a r t 10a.— Miscellaneous commodities.
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ll.a.— Identical commodities in raw and manufactured state.
12a.—Cotton: Middling, upland, spot, New York, and middling, spot, New
Orleans.
13a.— Corn: Contract grades, cash, and No. 3 mixed, cash, Chicago.
14a.'—Oats: Contract grades, cash, Chicago.
15a.—Wheat: Bluestem, cash, Portland, Oreg ; No. 1, northern spring, cash,
Minneapolis; and No. 2, hard winter, cash, Kansas City.
16a.— Hides: Packers’ , green, salted, heavy native steers, Chicago; packers’ ,
green, salted, heavy Texas steers, Chicago; and calfskins, country,
Mo. 1, Chicago.
17a.— Cattle: Steers, good, to choice and choice to prime, Chicago.
18a.—Ilogs: Light and heavy, Chicago.
19a.— Butter: Creamery, extra, New York; creamery, extra, Chicago; and
creamery, extra, San Francisco.
20a.— Eggs: Firsts, fresh gathered, New York; firsts, fresh, Chicago; and
pullets, fresh, San Francisco.
21a.— Wheat flour: Winter straights, Kansas City,1 and standard patents,
Minneapolis.
22a.— Com meal: Fine yellow, New York, 1913-1917; white, table, Phila
delphia, 1918-19; and white, bulk, Terre Haute, 1913-1919.
23a.— Bacon: Short clear sides; and ham, smoked, loose, Chicago.
24a.— Beef: Fresli, native sides, New York, and fresh, carcass, Chicago.
25a.—Milk: Fresh, New York, 1913-1919; fresh, Chicago, 1913-1919; and
fresh, San Francisco, 1914-1919.
1 U n ite d states Food A d m in is tra tio n standard in 1918.
6
Chart
Chart
Chart
Chart
Ch ar t
Ch ar t
Chart
Chart
CONTENTS.
26a.— Sugar: Granulated, and centrifugal, 96°, New York.
27a,— Shoes: Men’s Goodyear welt, blucher; men’s v ici calf, Goodyear welt,
blucher; and women’s M cKay sewed, button.
28a.— Cotton yarn: Carded, white, 10/1, and carded, white, 22/1.
29a.— Leather: Sole, hemlock; sole, oak; and chrome calf, B grade.
30a.— Print cloth: 27-inch, 64 x 60; and calico, American standard prints.
31a.— Suitings: Middlesex, 15-ounce, and clay worsted, 16-ounce.
32a.—Women’s dress goods: Storm serge, 50-inch, and cashmere, 36-inch.
33a.—Wool: Ohio, line fleece, scoured, 1913-1916; Ohio, fine clothing, scoured,
1917-1919; and Ohio, medium fleece, scoured, 1913-1919.
C h a r t 34a.— Worsted y a m : 2-40s, Australian, 1913-1915; 2-40s, half blood, 191 6 1919; an d 2 -3 2 s, crossbred, 1913-1919.
Ch a iit
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35a.— Anthracite coal: Chestnut and stove.
3Ga.— Bituminous coal: Pittsburgh and Kanawha; New River; and coke,
Connellsville, furnace.
37a.—Copper: Ingot, electrolytic; sheet, hot-rolled; and copper wire, bare,
No. 8.
38a.— Pig iron: Foundry, No. 2, northern; basic; and Bessemer.
39a.— Steel billets: Bessemer; steel rails, Bessemer; and steel sheets, N o. 27.
40a.— Pig lead: Desilverized; and lead pipe.
41a.— Spelter: Western; and sheet zinc.
42a.— Brick: Common, red, New York; common, salmon, Chicago; and com
mon, red, Cincinnati.
43a.— Plate glass: 5 to 10 square feet, glazing; and window glass, single, B.
44a.— Lumber: Oak, white, quartered; poplar; and maple.
45a.— Lumber: Yellow pine flooring: Douglas fir, No. 1; and white pine,
No. 2, barn.
C h a r t 46a.— Linseed oil: R aw ; carbonate of lead, in oil; and turpentine, spirits.
C h a r t 47a.— Alcohol: Grain and wood.
Chart
Ch art
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48a.— Acid: Sulphuric; muriatic; and nitric.
49a.— Cottonseed oil: Prime, yellow ; and cottonseed meal, prime.
50a.— Paper: Wrapping, manila; newsprint; and wood pulp, sulphite,.
51a.— Proof spirits, and whisky, rye, straight, barrels.
BULLETIN OF THE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS.
n o . 269.
W A S H IN G T O N ,
JULcY,
1920.
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
INTRODUCTION.
Publication of the Bureau's annual bulletin on wholesale prices in
the United States was suspended during the years 1917 and 1918,
in accordance with the order to suspend all publications n ot essential
to carrying on the war. In the present bulletin the information has
been brought up to the end of 1919, data being given for all years
since 1890 and all months since January, 1917.1
W ith certain exceptions, the commodities for which wholesale prices
are shown in this bulletin are identical with those appearing in the
report for 1916. Substitution of other articles for those previously
carried has been necessary in a number of instances, as Elgin butter,
corn meal, Italian olive oil, Italian raw silk, cotton hosiery, cotton
and merino underwear, wool, worsted yarn, matches, and yellow pine
siding lumber. These articles have in all cases been replaced by
others of the same class but of a more representative character.
Four series o f quotations for children's shoes, which were omitted
from the preceding bulletin because o f failure to obtain satisfactory
prices in time for inclusion, have been restored in the present issue.
Additions to the list o f commodities have been made for alfalfa hay,
bran, goatskins, fresh pork, glazed kid and black side leather, acetic
and nitric acid, anhydrous ammonia, caustic soda, soda ash, car
bonate and nitrate of soda, copper sulphate, and phosphate rock.
Also additional price series have been included for several articles of
considerable commercial importance already represented in the
compilation, as fresh beef; rice, cotton yarn, wool, worsted yam ,
bituminous coal, and crude petroleum.
On the other hand, it has been necessary to om it quotations for a
few articles, as cabbage, French olive oil, broadcloth, cotton bags,
overcoating of two kinds, axes, cream-colored dining plates, and two
brands of rye whisky, owing to failure to obtain satisfactory prices,
Candles, horse blankets, and Rosendale cement have been dropped
because of their relative unimportance. The milling of all wheat
flour except that conforming to the standard prescribed by the
1 Previous wholesale price reports of tho Bureau will be found in Bulletins Nos. 27, 39, 45, 51, 57, 63,
69, 75, 81, 87, 93, 99, 114, U% 181, 200, und 226.
8
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
United States Food Administration was discontinued during 1918.
In the case of a number of cotton and woolen fabrics, prices were
unobtainable for a part of the period covered, owing to the tempoxary withdrawal of quotations by manufacturers. Prices for cotton
seed oil and a few other commodities also were unobtainable for a
part of the period.
In computing the index numbers for this bulletin, the base period
has been shifted to the year 1913 in order to provide a prewar standard
for measuring price changes. This plan conforms to the one now
used in the Bureau’s reports on retail prices and on union wages and
hours of labor. The method of constructing group and general index
numbers from the aggregate values of commodities exchanged }^ear
by year, employed for the first time in the preparation of the bulletin
for 1914, has been continued in the present report. Full explana
tion of this method is contained in the appendix to the 1914 report,2
but a brief account is here given in order that the statistical tables
appearing in the following pages may be more readily understood.
The price of each article in 1913, the base year, has first been
multiplied by the estimated quantity of the article marketed in the
census year 1909. The products thus obtained have then been
added, giving the approximate value in exchange in 1913 ofv all
articles in the group or in the total list of commodities. Similar
aggregate values of commodities exchanged have likewise been com
puted for each remaining year since 1890 and for each month siAce
January, 1913. The index number for each year prior to or succeed
ing 1913 and for each month of the 3^ears 1913 to 1919 has be#n
obtained by comparing the aggregate value for such year or month
with the aggregate value for 1913, taken as 100.
If, during the 30-year period under consideration, there had been
no changes in the list of commodities which comprise the index
numbers, the percentage changes in the cost of the different groups
of commodities and of all commodities combined would be accurately
measured by dividing the aggregates for 1913 directly into the cor
responding aggregates for the months .and years covered by the
Bureau’s index numbers. However, in the bulletins for 1908, 1914,
and 1915, as well as the present one, a number of articles were
included for the first time, while numerous substitutions of one article
for another at a different price have occurred from time to time as
circumstances demanded. Therefore, in computing the index num
bers for a series of years, a method had to be adopted that would
allow for variations in the number and kind of commodities from
year to year. This method, which is identical in principle with that
now being used by the Bureau in its reports on retail prices and on
wages, consists in computing two separate aggregates for any year
2 See B u lle tin No. 181, pp. 239 to 2.36.
INTRODUCTION.
9
or month in which an addition or a substitution occurs— the first
aggregate being computed from the list of articles before making
additions or substitutions, and the second aggregate from the revised
list of articles. In this way comparison between any two consecutive
years or months is based on aggregates made up of identical com
modities only, the index in such cases being found by following the
method described in detail on page 255 of Bulletin 181 of the Bureau.
Not all of the commodity prices shown in the present bulletin have
been used in constructing the index numbers. Several articles of
minor importance have been omitted because of their negligible
influence upon price movements. A few articles of some importance,
such as steel sheets and bread, w^ere omitted because satisfactory
weighting figures could not be obtained. Still other articles, for
example, beer, were omitted because sufficient price quotations to
insure correct results could not be collected. Of the 371 series o f
quotations for 1918 and 1919 included in the detailed tables of this
bulletin, however, 328 have been weighted and used in computing
the index numbers.3 The latter figure includes eight articles classed
with house-furnishing goods, for which weights have been obtained
for the first time for use in this report. These articles are 3-piece
bedroom sets of furniture, rocking chairs, kitchen chairs, kitchen
tables, carving knives, table knives and forks, wooden pails, and
wooden tubs. The index numbers for the house-furnishing group
and for all commodities combined have been recalculated back to
1890 to allow for the inclusion of these articles. Cabbage, the avail
able quotations for which have been found unsatisfactory in recent
months, has been excluded from the food group and from the general
index back to 1908, when this commodity was first introduced. The
index numbers for all years and months since 1913 have been revised
also to include articles added in this bulletin. For these reasons,
apart from the change in the base period, the index numbers pub
lished in this bulletin do not in all cases agree with those given in
preceding reports of the Bureau.
To ascertain the quantities of the various commodities marketed
in 1909, every available source, official and private, was drawn upon.
In the case of articles consumed to a large extent by the producer, as
corn, oats, hay, etc., only the portion actually marketed, as near as
could be determined, was taken. A similar plan was followed with
regard to semimanufactured articles, such' as cotton and worsted
yams, pig iron, and steel billets, which are used to a large extent in
the establishments where they are produced. The quantity of each
article sold in the markets was ascertained as nearly as possible and
used to weight the prices for the different years and months.
3 See A p p e n d ix A , pp. 175 to 182.
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
10
In the selection of commodities the aim lias been to choose only
important and representative articles in each group. To this end,
in addition to utilizing all available information from official sources,
a careful inquiry was instituted in the principal market centers to
determine which articles within the general class or group enter to
the largest extent into exchange from year to year. The sources
from which price quotations for the last two years have been drawn
are as follows:
T able
1 .— S O U R C E S O F P R I C E Q U O T A T I O N S , 1918 A N D 1919.
Number of
quotations
or series.
Source.
203
152
13
3
Standard trade journals.................. ...........
Manufacturers or sales agents.....................
Boards of trade, ©tc..................................
Federal or State bureaus.............................
T otal....................................................
371
f
So far as possible the quotations for the various commodities have
been secured in their primary markets. For example, the prices
quoted for live stock and most animal products are those for Chicago,
wheat and flour prices are mainly those for Minneapolis and Kansas
City, pig iron and steel those for Pittsburgh, etc. The following table
shows the various markets in which wholesale price quotations were
obtained:
T a b le 3 .—N U M B E R O F C O M M O D I T I E S , O R S E R I E S O F Q U O T A T I O N S , B Y
M ARKETS,
1918 A N D 1919.
Market.
Boston, Mass.............................
Chicago, I I I ..............................
Cincinnati, Ohio .....................
Cleveland, Ohio........................
Gloucester Mass
.........
Kansas City, Mo.......................
La Saile, I I I ............................. !
Louisville, K v ...........................
Minneapolis, M inn................ .
New One&tJF, La.......................
N ew York, N. Y .......................
Norfolk, Va ..............................
Peoria, IH...................................
Philadelphia, P a .......................
Pittsburgh, Pa..........................
Portland, Oreg.........................
Ft. Louis, Mo............................
San Francisco, Calif.................
Tampa, F la...............................
Terre H aate, In d ......................
Toledo, Ohio..............................
Wilmington, N . C.....................
Distilleries, mills, w el:s, etc
General m arket.........................
T otal................................
Lum
ber
Fuel Metals
and
and Chem
Farm Food, Cloths
a
n
d
.
and
prod etc. cloth light , m etal build icals
and
prod ing drugs.
ucts.
ing.
ing.
ucts. m ate
rials.
5
19
26
4
5
2
1
2
1
4
1
1 ...........!..........
2 .
J
.
3
7
42
2
5
2
1
3
6
109
SO
2
1
!
4
______I______
2
!
9
56
11
1
1
1
!
4
1 1...........
I
j
1
1
1
9
20
2a
i
1
I...........
1
3
2
i
12
1
1
!
1 !
!
12
1
1
6
9
132
3
1
9
14
!
!
!
...........1........... 1............
1 ...........1. . . .
2
1
' .
1
3
3
74 |
32
I
2
1
1
3
2
House
fur Mis
nish cella Total.
ing neous.
goods.
21
43
18
2
1
1
3
4
1
i
3
32
5
5
13
23
2
18
6
1
1
2
1
19
76
371
11
I^TROBUCTIGISr.
As has been stated, more than one price series for commodities of
great importance lias been included in the present bulletin. In no
ease, however, is an article of a particular description represented by
more than one series of quotations for the same market. For most
articles weekly prices have been secured. In a large number of
instances, particularly since the beginning of 1918, it has been
possible vto obtain average monthly prices. For those articles whose
prices are quite stable, only first of the month prices have been taken.
These details are summarized for 1918 and 1919 as follows:
T a (’,l .: 3 . —N U M BER OF COMMODITIES, OR SE R IE S OF QUOTATIONS, C LASSIFIED AS
TO F R E Q U E N C Y , 1918 A N D 1919.
Frequency of quotations.
W eekl vT......................................
Month! v .....................................
Average for mon* h ..................
Total
.....................
Fuel
Farm Food, Cloths
and
and
prod etc*. cloth
light
ucts.
ing.
ing.
Lum
Metals ber Chem House
fur Mis- j
and
and
nish cella- } Total,
m etal build icals
and
prod ing
ing neons.1
ucts. mate drags. i goods.
rials.
52
90
15
4
1
21
58
n
3
7
23
10
10
32
109
80
21
43
1
11
1.8
16
5 i
r .:\:‘ ’.'i
32 !
13 i
!
1
9 i
13 1
4 |
!
10 ■
i ___ ..
13
23
195
82
04
371
The classification of commodities adopted in this report is the same
as that used in previous bulletins of the Bureau. The general plan
followed with respect to raw commodities has been to group such
articles according to their origin rather than according to the ulti
mate use to which they are put. Thus cotton, wheat, and leaf
tobacco are all classed with farm products, although in their finished
state they enter into the groups designated as cloths and clothing,
food, and miscellaneous, respectively. Also, certain manufactured
articles, as nails and structural steel, are grouped with metals and
metal products rather than with building materials. Wool, however,
which is quoted in the scoured state, is included with cloths and
clothing instead of with farm products. Tallow’ , from its close rela
tionship to animal fats used as food, is included in this group, although
its principal use is in the manufacture of commodities not consumed
as food. While the classification adopted may thus appear to be
somewhat arbitrary, the great amount of labor involved in a rear
rangement of the groups for previous years in order to make the data
comparable with the present makes any revision, however desirable
impossible at this time.
PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 19*7 TO 1919.
The upward trend of wholesale prices in the United States, which
began in the latter part of 1915 with the recovery of business from
the depressing effects of the outbreak of war in Europe, reached new
levels in 1917 and still higher levels in 1918 and 1919. During the
12
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
first half of 1917 prices as a whole advanced steadily, receding some
what from August to October with the inauguration of the Govern
ment’s price-fixing policy but advancing again in the last two months
of the year. The general index number for December, 1917, showed
an increase of nearly 25 per cent over the level of prices in December
of the preceding year and an increase of 82 per cent over the average
level of prices in 1913. In 1918 prices continued steadily upward
until September, when the general index reached 207. A slight
drop in the price level took place in the next few months, or until
April of 1919, the lowest point being reached in February. After
this prices advanced again until August, w^hen the index was 226.
In the next two months they subsided to some extent, but reacted
strongly in the last two months of the year. The December price
level was 17 per cent above the level at the beginning of the year
and 138 per cent above the level for 1913.
During the three years from 1917 to 1919 there were phenomenal
increases in the prices of many articles belonging to the group desig
nated as farm products, food, cloths and clothing, lumber and build
ing materials, and house-furnishing goods, respectively. Farm
products, which include many food articles in the raw state, rose as
a whole nearly 65 per cent in the period from January, 1917, to
December, 1919. In the same period, as measured by changes in
the index numbers, food products rose 56 per cent, cloths and clothing
108 per cent, lumber and building materials 139 per cent, and housefurnishing goods 130 per cent.
Fuel and lighting prices showed less variation during the period,
the greatest increase taking place in the first half of 1917 before the
Fuel Administration began to function. After the drop following
the inauguration of price control, prices slowly advanced again and
late in 1919 reached a level above that at the beginning of 1917.
Metal products, unlike most other commodities, showed a net decrease
in price between the beginning and the end of the three-year period.
As in other groups, prices rose rapidly in the first half of 1917 but as
rapidly declined when price control became effective. Chemicals and
drugs increased to high levels in the latter part of 1917 but declined
thereafter. In the group of commodities classed as miscellaneous,
including such important articles as cottonseed meal and oil, jute,
lubricating oil, news-print paper, rubber, starch, soap, plug and
smoking tobacco, and wood pulp, prices advanced quite steadily
throughout the period, the net increase being about 60 per cent.
The following table shows for each of the nine groups the number
of commodities or separate commodity units for which comparable
; wholesale prices were obtained for the years 1917 to 1919 and the
*number that increased or decreased in price in each year as compared
with the preceding year:
13
INTRODUCTION.
Table
4 . —CHANGES IN A V ER A G E PR IC ES FROM 1916 TO 1917, FROM 1917 TO 1918, A N D
FROM 1918 TO 1919, B Y G R O U PS OF COMMODITIES.
1917 compared with
1916.
Group.
Com
modi
ties in
cluded.
1918 compared with
1917.
1919 compared with
1918.
Commodities
showing—
Commodities
Commodities
showing—
showing—
Com
Com
modi
modi
ties in
ties in
In
De cluded. In
De cluded. In
De
crease. crease.
crease. crease.
crease. crease.
!
Farm products....... ....................
31 1
31
Food, e tc .......................................... i
107
105
Cloths and clothing...............
74
74
Fu el and lighting............................
16
16
Metals and m etal products..........
43
.41
Lumber and building materials___
32
- 31
Chemicals and drugs........................
18
13
House-furnishing goods...................
13
13
Miscellaneous.................................... !
i
23
20
i
Total........................................ i 1 357
344
'
32
104
78
i 21
43
i 32
2
123
20
96
73
12
23
30
10
12
19
12
2 363
295
2
2
1
5
18
12
32
i 104
1 78
1 21
43
i 32
i 18
12
23
23
77
43
17
14
30
2
12
17
9
26
34
3
29
1
15
65 I 3 363
235
123
12
8
5
8
20
1
8
3
6
1 Including 1 commodity in which there was no change.
Including 3 commodities in which there was no change,
s Including 5 commodities in which there was no change.
2
Comparing 1917 with 1916, it is seen that 344 of the 357 com
modities for which comparable data were obtained showTed an increase
in average prices and that only 12 commodities showed a decrease.
One article showed no change in price. In the groups of farm
products, cloths and clothing, fuel and lighting, and house-furnishing
goods every article increased in price. Comparable wholesale prices
for 1917 and 1918 were obtained for 363 commodities. * Of these
thete wras an increase in the average prices of 295 commodities and
a decrease in the average prices of 65 commodities. No change in
price was reported for 3 commodities. For the years 1918 and 1919,
also, a comparison wras secured for 363 commodities. Of this num
ber 235 increased in price, 123 decreased, and no change was shown
for 5 commodities. It is thus seen that the percentage of com
modities increasing in price as compared with the preceding year
has steadily grown less since 1916 and, conversely, that the per
centage decreasing in price has as steadily increased. Commodity
price changes over the entire period for which information was col
lected are shown in detail in the table on pages 30 to 143 of this
bulletin.
Index numbers for the several groups of commodities for the years
from 1890 to 1919 and for all months since January, 1913, are shown
in Tables 5 and 6, which follow. As has been explained, these index
numbers are computed on 1913 as the base period to provide a pre
war standard for measuring price changes. To assist in the com
parison afforded by the index numbers, there is also shown the per
cent of increase or decrease in prices for each year or month as
compared with the next preceding year or month.
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
14
T a b le
5.—IN D E X NUMBERS OF W HOLESALE PRICES, B Y GROUPS OF COMMODITIES,
1890 TO 1919.
(Base: Estimated value in 1913=100.)
[Far explanation of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.]
Farm products.1
Year.
1890...................
1891...................
1892...................
1893...................
1894...................
Cloths and
clothing^
Food, etc.2
Fuel and light
ing.4
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
of in
of inof in
erease(+)
crea se^ )
crease^)
Index
Index
or de Index
or de* Index
or denum crease{—) num crease (—) num crease(—) num
ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber.
with pre
with pre
with pre
ceding
ceding
ceding
year.
year.
year.
68
73
+ 7
67
59
+ 2
66
-10
-12
89
89
80
87
77
-10
94
91
91
-12
88
78
_ 4
78
75
75
79
82
(ii)
- 4
(n>
+ 5
+ 3
67
69
62
61
71
+ 10
+ 3
88
+
—
+
+
+
7
7
2
5
1
80
78
92
105
91
+
+
+
-
3
2
8
14
3
106
98
97
96
- 2
- 8
—1
- 1
- 8
+ 2
+ 7
+ 7
87
90
93
91
+ 11
+15
+- 6
88
4
3
3
2
3
98
113
4- 4
+
+
-
+
+
+
_
84
82
89
93
89
99
96
- 5
- 2
+ 9
+ 12
- 4
93
119
175
163
173
- 3
+28
+•47
- 7
+ 6
+ 9
69
73
81
75
80
-fll
+ 6
•fll
- 8
+ 7
79
80
85
82
87
+
+
+
—
+
4
88
1905.................
1906...................
1907...................
1908...................
1909...................
77
78
85
85
97
- 4
+ 1
+ 9
(n)
+ 14
86
84
8»
94
_ 1
91
97
104
94
98
1910...............
1911...................
1912...................
1813...................
1914...................
103
93
+ 6
-10
100
103
+ 3
1915...................
1916...................
1917...................
1918...................
1919...................
m
+ 2
+ 16
+55
+ 16
+ 6
1900...................
1901...................
1902...................
1903...................
1904...................
101
100
122
189
220
234
-10
+ 9
-
1
99
99
108
-10
+ 6
—
5
1
6
6
2
+ 6
+ 5
+ 5
+ 1
_ 1
+ 9
82
84
89
99
96
98
100
—
103
+ 3
8
100
104
+ 1
100
120
176
189
210
114
- 1
- 4
(u)
- 8
+ 7
—1
-f* 1
69
68
66
66
4- 7
+ 5
+ 2
60
54
58
61
62
Per cent
Per cent
of in
of in
crease^)
crease^)
or de Index
or de
crease—) num crease (—)
compared ber. compared
with pre
with pre
ceding
ceding
year.
year.
- 3
(n)
- 3
(u)
74
67
71
76
75
1895...................
1896...................
1897...................
1898...................
1899..................
Metals and metal
products.5
+21
+40
+ 7
+ 11
98
128
181
239
261
-11
-10
1
3
2
2
o
+ 2
+27
+41
+32
+ 9
61
100
-10
- 2
+ 16
1 Number of commodities varied from 1Gin 1890 to 32 in 1919.
2 Number of commodities varied from 40 in 1800 to 91 in 1919.
8 Number of commodities varied from 56 in 1890 to 77 in 1919.
* Number of commodities varied from 13 in 1890 to 21 in 1919.
* Number of commodities varied from 18 in 1890 to 25 in 1919.
e Number of commodities varied from 22 in 1890 to 30 in 1919.
102
-11
77
80
71
71
108
+ 7
+ 4
93
85
72
88
120
94
92
100
87
97
148
208
181
161
- 9
- 9
-1 5
-11
(u)
+52
-22
- 2
+ 1
—4
+ 11
+ 1
-1 3
+11
+53
+41
-1 3
-11
146726-14-
C h a rt 1.
C h a r t 2.
C ha r t 3.
C ha r t 4.
C h a r t 5.
C h a r t 6.
I— H
C h a r t 7.
C h a r t 8.
C h ar t 9.
14— 10
C h a r t 10.
15
INTRODUCTION.
TABLE 5 .—IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O LESA LE PRICES, B Y G R OUPS OF COMMODITIES,
1890 TO 1919—Concluded.
(Base: Estim ated value in 1913=100.)
[For explanation of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.]
Lumber and
building
materials.8
Year.
Chemicals and
drugs.7
House-furnish
ing goods.8
Miscellaneous.9
A ll commodi
ties.10
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
of in
of in
of in
of in
of in
crea se^)
crea se^)
crease^)
crea se^)
crea se^)
Index
Index
Index
or de- Index
or de
or de
or de Index
or de
num crease (—) num crea se(-) num •ease(—) num crease ( —) num crease ( —)
ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared
w ith pre
with pre
with pre
witfi pre
w ith pre
ceding
ceding
ceding
ceding
ceding
year.
year.
year.
year.
year.
+
-
2
1
1
8
(u)
- 1
- 4
- 1
92
92
88
91
80
+
+
+
+
0
3
2
4
3
+
+
6
3
9
2
82
SO
80
79
82
97
96
97
+
+
+
1
1
1
1
1
+11
C11)
+ 6
+ 1
- 1
91
90
92
94
94
+ 11
- 1
+ 2
+ 2
(u )
+
+
<u )
+
S
1
8
+ 0
+ 11
-j™ 3
- 5
90
94
9{5
100
101
+
+
+
1
2
2
4
1
+
+
-
2
1
95
97
101
97
109
+ 1
- 2
+ 4
- 4
+ 12
+
+
+
1
4
7
+
102
103
101
100
10 L
85
91
100
99
+ 4
+ 6
+ 7
+ 10
- 1
110
104
101
100
99
+ C
-10
- 3
- 1
- 1
99
115
144
196
230
(ll)
+1C
+ 25
+ 30
+20
99
120
155
193
217
189 0..
1891..
- 3
- 4
+ 1
1892..
1803..
1891..
1895..
1890..
1897..
1898..
1899..
1900.,
1901.
1902.
1C03.
190-1.
7-3
77
80
89
1905..
1900..
1907..
1908..
1909..
85
94
97
92
97
1910..
1911..
1912..
1313..
1914..
101
101
100
100
97
1913..
1916..
1917..
1918..
1919..
94
101
124
151
192
+
+
+
(u )
7
4
5
4
(112
(il>
- 3
+ 7
4-23
+22
+ 27
114
159
198
221
179
+ 13
+ 39
+ 25
+ 12
—19
3
4
S
(U)
+ 1
- 7
+ 1
-10
+
—
+
+
- 5
- 3
<ll2
,
+ 4
(n)
+21
+ 29
+ 25
+ 12
1
3
7
99
95
101
100
100
+ 2
- 4
+ 6
1
(“ )
101
124
17G
196
212
+ 1
+23
+ 42
+ 11
+ 8
* Number of commodities was 9 from 1890 to 1912 and 18 from 1913 to 1919.
s Includes 11 ccam cidities from 1890 to 1916 and 13 for 1917 to 1919.
» Number of commodities was 12 from 1890 to 1912,22 from 1913 to 191,’>, and 21 from 1910 to 1919.
w Number of commodities varied from 192 in 1890 to 328 in 1919.
u No change.
1
ti
2
3
W H O LE S A LE PRIC ES, 1890 TO 1919.
UMBERS OF W H O LESA LE PRICES, BY G R OUPS OF COMM
A N D B Y M ONTHS, 1913 TO 1919.
(Base: Estimated value in 1913=100.)
ion of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.]
products.
Per cent
of inldex
um)er.
or de
coding
m onth.
Cloths and
clothing.
Food, etc.
Fuel and light Metals
pro
ing.
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
of in
of in
of in
crea se^)
crea se^)
crease ( + )
Index
or de Index
or de Index
or de Index
num crease ( —) num crease ( —) num crease ( —) num
ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber.
with pre
with pre
with pre
ceding
ceding
ceding
month.
m onth.
month.
99
98
97
96
95
99
+
1
1
1
1
4
100
101
100
100
100
99
+ 1
- 1
C1)
C1)
- l
103
103
102
98
98
100
C1)
- 1
- 4
0)
+ 2
102
104
105
102
105
101
+
+
+
+
-
3
2
1
3
3
4
100
100
100
100
100
99
-f~ l
C1)
C1)
C)
C1)
- 1
99
100
100
100
99
99
0)
+ 1
(x)
0)
- 1
(l)
C1)
+ 1
+ 1
C)
+ 1
C1)
102
100
97
95
96
100
+
+
+
1
2
3
2
1
4
98
99
99
99
99
99
- 1
+ 1
C1)
C)
0)
0)
99
99
99
98
95
94
C1)
(!)
C1)
- 1
- 3
- 1
104
109
108
103
101
99
C1)
+
—
—
—
104
112
116
107
106
105
+
+
+
-
4
8
4
8
1
1
99
99
98
97
96
96
C1)
C)
- 1
- 1
- 1
0)
95
94
95
93
93.
94
+
+
(*)
+
102
105
105
107
109
105
+
+
(*)
+
+
-
2
2
4
106
108
104
105
105
102
+
+
+
(x)
-
1
2
4
1
3
96
97
97
99
99
99
0)
+ 1
C1)
+ 2
C1)
0)
93
92
92
89
89
89
- 1
- 1
(x)
- 3
<*)
o
+ 3
—1
_ 4
+ 2
—3
1
104
102
100
103
107
111
+
+
+
+
2
2
2
3
4
4
99
99
100
103
105
107
(l)
0)
+
+
+
+
5
1
2
3
2
113
114
115
117
119
119
+
+
4+
+
0)
2
1
110
113
117
119
122
124
+ 2
+ 7
+ 4
+ 4
-f 7
—3
121
128
133
140
150
145
4+
+
+
+
-
2
6
4
5
7
3
126
128
131
138
146
155
97
97
99
97
98
99
C1)
-f
+
+
101
101
104
103
101
101
+
(x)
+
0)
101
102
103
103
104
104
108
107
103
105
102
103
108
109
111
114
116
110
118
126
131
136
146
142
-U
4+
+
+
C1)
2
.2
1
1
2
3
1
2
5
1
5
2
2
3
3
i
2
2
1 No change.
107
105
102
102
102
100
1
1
1
2
1
83
87
89
91
96
100
1
3
2
2
90
92
94
96
98
100
+
+
+
+
+
+
1
2
2
2
2
2
102
100
100
100
104
114
+
+
+
+
+
+
3
3
4
2
3
2
105
106
108
108
107
108
+
+
4C1)
+
5
1
2
1
1
126
132
141
147
151
149
+
+
+
+
+
+
2
2
2
5
6
6
108
110
115
133
155
170
C1)
+ 2
+ 5
+ 16
+ 17
+ 10
145
145
148
151
160
185
17
IN TR O D U C TIO N .
T able
6 .—IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O L E SA L E PRICES, B Y G R O U PS OF COMMODITIES
A N D B Y M ONTHS, 1913 TO 1919—Continued.
(Base: E stim ated value in 1913=100.)
[For explanation of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and.9.J.
Lumber and
building
materials.
Year and
month.
Chemicals and
drugs.
House-furnish
ing goods.
Miscellaneous.
All commodi
ties.
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
of inof in
of in
of inof in
erease(+)
crea se^)
crea se^)
orease(+)
crea se^)
Index
or de Index
or de Index
or de Index
or de Index
or denum crease (—) num crease ( —) num crease ( —) num crease ( —) num crease(—)
ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared
with pre
w ith pre
with pre
with pre
with pre
ceding
ceding
ceding
ceding
ceding
m onth.
m onth.
m onth.
montn.
month.
1913.
January............
February.........
March...............
April.................
M ay..................
June..................
100
101
101
101
101
101
J u ly ..................
A ugust..............
September.......
October............
Novem ber........
December.........
101
99
99
98
98
98
0)
1914.
January............
February.........
March...............
April.................
M ay..................
June..................
98
99
99
99
98
98
0
J u ly ..................
A ugust..............
September.......
October............
Novem ber........
December.........
97
97
96
96
95
94
1915.
January............
February..........
March................
April.......... .
M ay..................
June..................
94
95
94
94
94
93
0
Ju ly ..................
August..............
Septem ber.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
93
92
92
93
94
97
0
1916.
January............
February..........
March...............
April.................
M ay..................
Jun e..................
99
100
101
101
102
101
J u ly ..................
A ugust..............
Septem ber.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
99
100
100
101
104
105
+ 1
0
0
(A)
0
0
2
1
0
0
+ 1
0
0
1
0
_ 1
0
0
1
1
—1
+ 1
—1
0
0
1
1
0)
+ 1
+ 1
+ 3
+ 2
+ 1
+ 1
0
+ 1
1
_
+
0)
+
+
+
2
1
1
3
1
101
101
101
101
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0)
0
0
0
0
100
100
99
98
98
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
101
102
102
100
100
100
99
99
99
99
99
99
0
0
0
0
0
99
100
101
101
101
99
99
99
99
99
99
99
0
0
0
0
0
0
97
98
99
96
96
98
+ 2
99
99
99
99
99
99
0
0
0
0
108
112
116
124
142
153
+ 4
+ 4
+ 4
+ 7
+ 15
+ 8
99
99
99
99
99
99
0
0
()
C)
(i)
0
150
170
175
172
166
166
- 2
+ 13
+ 3
- 2
- 4
0)
105
105
106
108
112
112
156
146
147
150
155
159
+
+
+
+
121
122
122
124
123
124
0
0)
0)
- 1
0)
- 1
99
99
99
100
100
100
0
0)
+ 1
0
0
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0)
0
99
99
104
105
105
104
(l )
+
+
0
-
103
102
102
102
102
104
1
5
1
1
- 1
- 1
0
0
0
6
6
1
2
3
3
1No change.
146726°— 20— B u ll. 269------- 2
- 1
>
+ 6
0
+' 1
+ 2
+ 4
0
0
+ 8
+ 1
•
+ 2
- 1
+ 1
0 '
- 1
- 1
0
+ 2
+ 1
+ 1
0
- 2
0
0
0
0
- 1
+ 1
+ 1
- 2
+
+
-
2
1
1
3
100
100
99
98
98
100
100
101
102
101
101
99
100
99
99
98
98
99
100
103
104
99
98
98
0
0
- 1
- 1
+ 2
0
+
+
(1)
-
1
1
1
2
+ 1
- 1
0
0
- 1
+ 1
+
+
+
-
1
3
1
5
1
99
101
99
100
101
99
+
+
+
+
-
1
2
2
1
1
2
+ 2
+ 1
+ 3
101
100
99
101
103
106
+
+
+
+
2
1
1
2
2
3
107
106
109
110
113
119
+
+
+
+
+
4
1
3
1
3
5
110
112
114
117
118
119
+
+
+
+
+
+
4
2
2
3
1
1
120
122
125
132
135
137
+
+
+
+
+
+
1
2
2
6
2
2
119
123
128
134
144
146
+
+
+
+
4-
3
4
5
7
1
100
100
99
99
98
97
98
97
97
99
100
103
0
+ 2
+ 2
0
0
- 1
- 1
- 1
+ 1
- 1
0
0
18
T a b l e
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1910.
6 * — IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O LESA LE PRICES, B Y GROUPS OF COMMODITIES
A N D B Y M ONTH S, 1913 TO 1919— Continued.
(Base: Estimated value in 1913=100.)
[Far explanation of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.)
Farm products.
Year amd
month.
1917.
January............
February.........
March................
April.................
M ay..................
June..................
Cloths and
clothing.
Food, etc.
Per cent
P e r e e n l.
Per cent
P-eroent
of in
of in
of inof in
crea se^)
erease(-r)
crea se^)
c r e a se + )
or de Index
or de- Index
or de Index
ox de- Index
Index
num ■er-ease(—) num ere a se (- ) nu m crease ( —) num erease(—) num
ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber.
w ith pre
with pre
w ith pre
w ith preceding
ceding
ceding
ceding
m onth.
month.
m onth.
month.
+ 4
+ 2
+ 8
+11
+ 9
C1)
150
159
160
182
190
187
+ 3
+ 0
+ 1
+ 14
+ 4
- 2
101
152
104
109
173
179
208
212
205
+
+
+
+
-
1
3
i
2
2
3
181
180
178
183
184
185
+
+
+
3
1
1
3
1
1
187 '
193
193
193
198
202
1918.
January............
February..........
March...............
April.................
M ay..................
June..................
207
208
212
217
214
217
+
CO
+
+
+
1
2
2
1
1
187
180
177
178
177
179
+
+
+
1
1
5
1
1
1
Ju ly..................
August..............
September.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
224
230
237
224
221
222 .
+
+
+
(2)
3
3
3
5
1
184
191
199
201
200
210
+
+
+
+
+
+
1919.
January............
February..........
March...............
A pril.................
M a y ........... ......
Jun e..................
222
218
228
235
240
231
C1)
+
+
+
-
2
5
3
2
4
207
196
203.
211
214
204
210
243
220
230
+
+
+
+
0
1
7
2
4
2
Ju ly..................
August..............
September____
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
Ju ly ..................
A ugust..............
Septem ber.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
Fuel and light Metals and metal
ing.
products.
148
151
163
181
197
197 .
199
205
204
246
214
216
227
211
211
219,
234:
+ 4
+ 1
-1- 1
+ 3
+ 2
+ 3
170
185
188
184
194
201
+
+
+
+
+
4
5
2
2
5
4
—5
-14
- 3
- 9
+ 0
+ 2
Per cent
of increase(+)
or de
crea se^)
compared
w ith pre
ceding
month.
183
190
199
208
217
239
+
+
+
+
+
1
4
5
5
4
10
257
249
220
182
174
174 •
+ 8
- 3
- 9
-19
- 4
4+
C1)
O1)
+
+
4
3
3
2
192
105
1(50
140
155
158
211
210
223
232
237
245
+
+
+
+
+
+
4
2
3
4
2
3
157
157
158
157
100
159
(x)
+
+
-
1
1
2
1
174
170
170
177
178
178
3
4
4
1
2
2
249
252
255
257
250
250
+
+
+
+
(2)
-
2
1
1
1
2
100
100
107
107
171
171
+ 4
(i)
+ 1
0)
+ 2
C1)
184
185
184
187
188
184
+ 3
+ 1
—1
+ 2
+ 1
—2
+
+
+
-
1
5
4
4
1
5
231
223
210
217
228
258
- 0
—5
- 3
(2)
+ 5
+ 13
170
109
108
107
107
170
0)
+
172
108
162
152
152154
—
—
+
+
C1)
+
+
6
5
7
282
304
300
313
325
335
+
+
+
+
+
+
171
175
181 :
181
179
181
+
+
+
0)
+
4
7
1No change.
9
8
1
2
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
158
105
100
161
164
169
C1)
0)
(x)
C1)
(*)
+ 2
+ 1
+ 1
7
2
4
6
+ 1
+
+
~
+
+
+
3
4
3
1
2
3
19
INTRODUCTION.
T able
6 .—IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O L E SA L E PRICES, B Y G R O U rS OF COMMODITIES
A N D B Y M ONTHS, 1913 TO 1919—Concluded.
(Base: Estim ated value in 1913=100.)
[For explanation of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.]
Lumber and
building
materials.
Year and
month.
Miscellaneous.
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
of inof in
of in
crea se^)
crea se^)
crease(+)
Index
or deIndex
or de Index
or de Index
num c r e a s e ^ ) num c r e a s e ^ ) num crease(—) num
ber. compared ber. compared ber. compared ber.
w ith pre
with pre
WLth pre
ceding
ceding
ceding
month.
month.
month.
1917.
January............
February..........
March................
April.................
M ay..................
Ju n e..................
100
108
110
114
117
127
+
+
+
+
+
+
1
2
2
4
3
9
159
160
165
170
179
180
J u ly ..................
August..............
Septem ber.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
132
133
134
134
134
135
+
+
+
C1)
C1)
+
4
1
1
1918.
January............
February..........
March................
April.................
M ay..................
Jun e.................
136
138
144
146
148
150
+
+
+
+
+
+
J u ly ..................
A ugust..............
Septem ber.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
154
157
159
158
164
164
1919.
January............
February..........
March...............
April.................
M ay..................
June..................
1G1
163
165
162
164
J u ly ..................
A u g u s t ..............
September.......
October............
N ovem ber........
December.........
House-furnish
ing goods.
Chemicals and
drugs.
All commodi
ties.
Per cent
Per cent
of inof in
crease+ )
crease(+)
or de- Index
or decrease(—) num erease(—)
compared ber. compared
w ith pre
w ith pre
ceding
ceding
month.
month.
1
3
3
5
1
132
132
132
139
139
144
4- 6
C1)
C1)
+ 5
C1)
+ 4
138
141
143
149
150
152
+
+
+
+
+
+
1
2
1
4
1
1
151
156
161
172
182
185
1
198
209
223
252
240
238
+ 10
+ 6
+ 7
+13
- 5
- 1
152
152
152
152
155
155
+ 6
o
C1)
C1)
+ 2
C1)
153
156
155
103
166
170
+
+
+
+
+
1
2
1
5
2
2
186
185
183
181
183
182
1
1
4
1
1
1
232
232
232
229
223
219
- 3
C1)
C1)
- 1
- 3
_ 2
161
161
165
172
173
198
+ 4
C1)
+ 2
+ 4
+ 1
+ 14
178
181
184
191
194
196
+
+
+
+
+
+
5
2
2
4
2
1
185
186
187
190
190
193
+ 3
+ 2
+ 1
- 1
+ 4
C1) ’
216
222
220
218
215
195
+
-
1
3
1
1
1
9
199
221
226
226
226
227
+ 1
+ 11
+ 2
C1)
(2)
190
191
194
196
203
204
3
+ 1
+ 2
+ 1
+ 4
(2)
198
202
207
204
206
206
2
1
1
2
1
191
185
183
178
179
- 4
C1)
O
(2)
0)
212
208
217
216
213
+
+
(2)
(2)
203
197
201
203
207
174
2
3
1
3
1
3
218
218
218
217
217
4- 7
+
-
186
208
+ 6
+ 12
171
172
+
+
+
+
173
174
176
179
2
1
245
227
231
236
253
+
+
+
+
+
175
+
+
+
9
2
2
7
2 Less
C1)
+
+
+
+
+
1
1
1
2
233
259
262
264
299
303
i1)
+
7
212
+
+
5
6
221
+ 1
+ 1
+ 13
+ 1
than one-half of 1 per cent change.
225
217
220
220
220
—
4
2
4
1
+ 4
+ 2
- 4
+ 1
C1)
C1)
207
218
226
220
223
230
238
+
+
+
+
+
3
3
3
7
G
2
+ 1
1
1
1
+ 1
- 1
-
+ 1
+ 1
-r 1
+ 2
(x)
+ 2
+ 3
+ 2
2
- 1
+ 1
+
0)
+
+
+
C1)
1
3
2
1
2
+ 5
+
+
+
+
4
3
1
3
3
20
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
To enable the reader to follow more readily the rise and fall of
prices year by year since 1890, a series of charts has been constructed.
In these charts, as in all others in the present bulletin, the price
curves have been plotted on paper with vertical spacing ruled accord
ing to the logarithmic instead of the arithmetic scale, since this
method is recognized as the correct one to employ where ratios instead
of differences are to be compared.4 The group curves here shown may
be compared directly with the curves indicating yearly price changes
of individual commodities shown elsewThere in the present bulletin,
since they are drawn to the same scale. In order that comparisons
may be made by imposing one price curve on another, the charts are
printed on translucent paper, perforated so as to be easily detached
from the bound volume.
A glance at Chart 1 shows that the general trend of wholesale
prices for all commodities' taken together was downward during the
first seven years of the period, or until 1896, after which they rose
steadily until 1910, except for slight declines in 1901 and 1905, and
a more decided decline in 1908. In 1911 there was a sharp decline,
followed by a quick recovery in 1912. In 1913 and 1914 prices again
declined slightly, but reacted in 1915. Between 1915 and 1916
occurred by far the most pronounced price advance that had taken
place between any two years up to that period, the index number
of all commodities rising from 101 to 124, an increase of 23 per cent.
An even greater advance took place between 1916 and 1917, the index
for 1917 rising to 176, an increase of 42 per cent. A further advance
in prices brought the index number for 1918 up to 196, a point 11
per cent above the level for 1917. In 1919 the index number
increased to 212, or 8 percent above the 1918 index and 112 per cent
above the basic figure for 1913.
Comparing the all-commodities curve with the curve for farm
products shown in Chart 2, one is struck by their remarkable simi
larity. In only one year (1901) of the 30 years covered by the statis
tics does the all-commodities curve move in a direction contrary to
the trend of the farm-products curve. In five instances the all
commodities curve shows no change in the general level of prices
from the preceding year, while the farm-products curve registers
either a rise or a fall in that group. In one other year, 1908, the price
of farm products remained unchanged, while prices of all commodities
declined. The reason for the preponderating influence of farm prod
ucts upon the yearly price changes of all commodities becomes clear
when one consults Appendix B of the present bulletin, which gives
the approximate values in 1909 and 1919 of the commodities com
prising the several groups in the exchanges of the country.
The food curve, as is seen by reference to Chart 3, follows rather
closely the curve for farm products, which includes many food
* For a discussion of the relative merits of arithmetic and ratio charts the reader is referred to the Monthly
Labor R eview of the Bureau of Labor Statistics for March, 1919, pp. 20-34.
146726—20—1
C h akt la .
Chart 2a.
20— 3
C h a r t 3a.
2 0 —-4
C h a r t 4a.
C h a b t 5a.
C h a r t 6a.
20— 7
C hakt Ta.
C h a r t 8a.
20— -9
C ha r t 9a.
20b-10
C h a r t 10a.
INTRODUCTION.
21
materials in the raw state. Cloths and clothing (Chart 4) remained
relatively stable in price from 1890 to 1915, except for rather sharp
declines in 1894, 1901, and 1908, and enormous increases in the
last four years of the period. Compared with the 1913 base, prices
in this group were much higher in 1919 than in any other group of
commodities. Marked fluctuations since 1890 have occurred in the
groups of fuel and lighting (Chart 5) and in that of metals and metal
products (Chart 6). Fuel and lighting reached the lowest levels in
1894 and in 1897-98, while metals and metal products also were
lowest in 1897-98. Lumber and building materials (Chart 7), while
showing less extensive price fluctuations than some of the other
groups, conformed to the same general upward trend and reached
high levels in 1917 to 1919.
The curve for the chemicals and drugs group in Chart 8 shows slight
variations up to 1914, but clearly exhibits the early influence of war
on the prices of these commodities. In 1915 prices in this group had
increased 14 per cent over the average for 1913, while in no other
group had the increase been more than 5 per cent. The group of
house-furnishing goods (Chart 9) is too small to be of much signifi
cance, but the downward trend from 1894 to 1897 and the relatively
high prices prevailing in the last three years of the period are quite
in keeping with those of other groups. The group of miscellaneous
commodities (Chart 10) is a very mixed one, and the meaning of price
variations within it is very hard to interpret. Like all other groups,
however, it plainly reflects the influence of war upon prices in the
last four years.
Table 6 and Charts la to 10a furnish a comparison of group price
fluctuations by months since January, 1913, thus completely covering
the war period. The charts here shown are not directly comparable
with those indicating yearly price changes. They may, however, be
compared directly with the numerous charts showing monthly price
variations of individual commodities appearing elsewhere in this
bulletin.
In the two important groups of farm products and foodstuffs
(Charts 2a and 3 a) it is seen that prices moved within comparatively
narrow limits during 1913 and the first half of 1914, the monthly
variation at no time being greater than 4 per cent. The upward
trend of prices in both groups in the summer of 1913 and the down
ward trend of food prices earfy in 1914 are, however, quite notice
able. With the opening of hostilities in the summer of 1914 prices
in these two groups at first rose steeply and then declined as sharply,
due to the prevailing business stagnation resulting from the war.
In 1915, as business became adjusted to the changed conditions
brought about by the war, prices became more stable. The unprec
edented advances in the last four years, particularly in the last half
of 1916 and the first half of 1917 as the country was preparing for
war, contrast strongly with price changes in the early months of the
22
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
period. The steadying effect of governmental price control, inau
gurated in the summer and fall of 1917, is clearly discernible in the
charts, as is also the steep increase that took place in each of these two
groups in 1919. In the cloths and clothing group (Chart 4a) occurred
the widest price variations in the period, the index number rising
from 96 in January, 1915, to 335 in December, 1919. This repre
sents an increase in prices of nearly 250 per cent.
The curve in the fuel and lighting group (Chart 5a) shows the steep
increases that took place in fuel prices in the second half of 1916 and
the first half of 1917, before price control was instituted. The drop
in prices from June to October of 1917, immediately before and after
the Fuel Administration began to function, is strikingly brought out
in the chart. Metals and metal products (Chart 6a), after slumping
in 1914 following the outbreak of war, began to recover early in the
next year, due to a readjustment of business and the receipt of large
orders for materials from the warring countries. In 1916 and the
first half of 1917 prices of metals continued steeply upward, reaching
their highest level in July of the latter year. At this time prices had
increased 157 per cent over the average for 1913. With the inaugu
ration of control following the entry of the United States into the
war prices declined rapidly, being only 74 per cent above the 1913
average at the end of 1917. During most of 1918 prices in this group
again advanced, but declined again in the first half of 1919.
In the remaining groups (Charts 7a to 10a) the effects of war are
equally 'evident. The curve for lumber and building materials
(Chart 7a) shows a downward trend from 1913 to 1915 and an
upward trend after 1915. With the resumption of building opera
tions, enormous increases took place in this group during 1919, the
December price level being 153 per cent above the average for 1913.
Chemicals and drugs were affected by war conditions as early as the
fall of 1914, as is seen from Chart 8a, the demand for medical and
hospital supplies influencing prices from the beginning of hostilities.
The high peak of prices in this group was reached in October, 1917,
since which date prices have declined. House-furnishing goods
(Chart 9a) and miscellaneous commodities (Chart 10a) increased
steadily in price from 1916 to 1919, prices by the end of 1918 in each
group being more than double the average for 1913, with still fur
ther increases in 1919. In December, 1919, house-furnishing goods,
averaged three times as high as in December, 1913.
In order that the price fluctuations of commodities in their raw
state may be compared with the price fluctuations of such commodi
ties after being converted into manufactures, the following tables
and charts covering the years from 1890 to 1919 and the months
from January, 1913, to December, 1919, have been constructed. In
this presentation the index numbers are computed in the one case
from the prices of 20 important raw commodities, representing 27
price series, and in the other case from the prices of 71 articles either
146726
Gh a b t 1 1 ,
28
INTRODUCTION.
manufactured directly from or closely akin to those same 20 raw
commodities.
The list of raw and manufactured commodities; arranged in pairs*
is as follows: Barley and malt; cattle (2 quotations) and beef prod
ucts (3 quotations); copper ingots and copper wire; corn and corn
meal (2 quotations); cotton and cotton textiles (21 quotations);
flaxseed and linseed oil; hides and leather (4 quotations); hogs
(2 quotations) and hog products (5 quotations); milk and milk
products (butter, 3 quotations; cheese, 1 quotation); petroleum
(crude) and refined petroleum (2 quotations); pig iron (4 quotations)
and iron products (6 quotations); pig lead and lead pipe; pig
tin and tin plate; rye and rye flour; sheep (2 quotations) and
mutton; spelter and sheet zinc; sugar (96° centrifugal) and granu
lated sugar; sulphur and sulphuric acid; wiieat and wheat flour
(2 quotations); wool (2 quotations) and wool textiles (12 quotations).
T able 7 . -W H O L E SA L E PRICE IN D E X E S OF ID E N T IC A L COMMODITIES IN RAW A N D
M A N U FA C TU R E D STATE, 1390 TO 1919.
•
( B ase:
E
i m a t e d \ a lu c in
1913= 100.)
[For explanation of method used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.1
com
j Manufactured
commodities (98
modities (71 price A il price
! series).
series).
j
Raw commodities
(27 price series).
Year.
Index
number.
P ercen t !
Per cent
of ini
of in
crease ( + ) '
crease ( + )
or de
or de
Index |
Index
crease ( —) . number. ; crease ( —) number.
compared
compared
with pre
w ithpre- i
ceding
ceding ;
year.
.
year.
1860........................................................
1891........................................................
1882........................................................
1898........................................................
i m . . . . : ...............................................
72
71
64
66
58
- 1
-10
+ 3
—12
89
87
83
84
74
1806........................................................
1807.......................................................
1898........................................................
1899........................................................
61
57
59
63
68
+
+
+
+
5
7
4
7
8
74
71
72
74
79
1900........................................................
1901.......................................................
1902.......................................................
1903.......................................................
1904.......................................................
74
74
79
77
80
+ 9
84
82
88
86
87
1906........................................................
1907.......................................................
1908........................................................
1909........................................................
1910........................................................
1911........................................................
1912........................................................
1913........................................................
1914........................................................
1915........................................................
i m ........................................................
1017........................................................
1918........................................................
1919........................................................
79
82
88
85
94
98
90
98
m
101
104
127
188
211
221
0
+ 7
- 3
+ 4
- 1
+ 4
+ 7
- 3
+11
+ 4
- 8
+ 9
+ 2
+ 1
+ 3
+ 22
+ 48
+ 12
+ 5
JNo change.
89
88
96
94
98
102
95
101
1§0
101
105
130
182
206
217
i
- 2
- 5
+ 1
-12
P ercen t
of in
crease ( + )
or de
crease ( —)
compared
w ith pre
ceding
year.
79
78
72
74
65
- 1
- 8
+ 3
-12
+
+
+
4
1
3
7
67
63
65
68
73
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
C
2
7
2
1
78
77
83
81
83
+ 7
- 1
+ 8
—2
+ 2
+ 2
- 1
+ 9
- 2
+ 4
+ 4
- 7
+ 6
- 1
+ 1
+ 4
+ 24
+ 40
+ 13
+ 5
83
84
91
89
96
100
92
99
100
101
104
128
185
209
218
(l)
( l)
3
6
3
5
7
+ 1
+ 8
- 2
+ 8
+ 4
- 8
+ 8
+ 1
+ 1
+ 3
+ 23
+ 45
+ 13
+ 4
24
T able
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
8 . - W H O LESA LE PR IC E IN D E X E S OF ID E N T IC A L COMMODITIES IN R A W A N D
M A N U F A C T U R E D ST A T E , B Y M O N TH S, 1913 TO 1919.
[For explanation of m ethod used in computing these index numbers, see pp. 8 and 9.]
Manufactured com
modities (71 price
Raw commodities
(27 price series).
Year and m onth.
Index
number.
January...
February.
March___
April........
M a y .---Jun e....... .
1913.
100
101
103
103
102
100
J u ly ............
August.......
September.
October___
November.
Decem ber..
January...
February.
March___
A pril____
M ay........
Jun e.......
1914.
1915.
J u ly ...........
A ugust___
September.
October—
November.
December..
January...
February.
March.......
A pril........
M ay..........
June.........
1910.
Ju ly ...........
A ugust.......
September.
October___
November.
Decem ber..
January...
February.
March.......
A pril........
M ay..........
June.........
100
101
101
101
99
97
99
100
102
9S
97
90
J u ly ............
August.......
September.
October___
November.
Decem ber..
January...
February.
March___
A pril........
M ay..........
Jun e.........
97
99
100
100
97
99
103
103
104
lOo
104
Per cent
of in
crease ( + )
or de
Index
crease ( —) number.
compared
w itn pre
ceding
m onth.
4- 2
+ 1
(’)
- 3
4- 1
+ 2
+ 1
4- 2
(l)
- 1
- 2
100
100
101
100
100
99
4- 1
C1)
(l )
- 2
- 2
99
98
97
9t>
96
97
44-
2
7
4
4
1
1
1
4- 1
- 1
(’)
(*)
Per cent
of in
crease ( + )
or de
Index
crease ( —) number.
compared
w ith pre
ceding
m onth.
4- 1
(*)
4- 1
- 2
4- 1
4- 1
- 1
C1)
98
99
100
100
98
100
101
102
102
101
100
Per cent
of in
crease ( + )
or de
crease ( —)
compared
w itn pre
ceding
m onth.
I
C1)l
4- 1
4- 1
4- 2
4- 2
4- 1
4- 1
+ 1
- 1
- 1
4- 1
100
100
99
99
98
97
98
108
110
100
104
103
4- 1
4-10
4- 2
- 4
- 2
- 1
99
107
106
101
100
99
4- 2
4- 8
- 1
104
107
105
106
106
105
4- 1
4- 3
- 2
4- 1
C1)
- 1
101
105
104
105
106
104
4- 2
4- 4
- 1
4- 1
4- 1
- 2
c>
(l)
('1
(1)
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
- 1
107
103
102
104
104
108
4- 3
- 4
- 1
2
106
103
99
101
105
109
4444-
1
3
4
2
4
4
106
103
101
103
104
109
4444-
2
3
2
2
1
5
112
114
117
119
122
121
44+
44-
113
116
120
124
125
126
4- 4
4- 3
4- 3
4- 3
4- 1
4- 1
113
115
119
121
123
123
44444-
4
2
3
2
2
126
132
135
141
15Q
150
<*>
4- 5
4- 2
4- 4
4- 6
C1)
124
129
134
141
149
148
44444-
1
4
4
5
6
1
153
157
163
178
192
191
4- 2
4- 3
4- 4
4- 9
4-8
- 1
152
155
165
179
192
193
444444-
3
2
6
8
7
1
4
2
3
2
3
122
127
132
141
148
146
1917.
99
100
100
101
99
99
All commodities (98
price series).
150
154
166
179
192
195
4- 3
4- 3
+ 8
4- 8
4- 7
4- 2
1No change;
0)
146720— 2 4 ^ .1
C h a r t 11a.
25
INTRODUCTION.
T a b l e 8 . —W H O LESA LE PR IC E I N D E X E S OF ID E N T IC A L COMMODITIES IN RAW A N D
M A N U F A C T U R E D ST A TE, BY M ONTHS, 1913 TO 1919—Concluded.
Manufactured com
(98
modities (71 price A ll commoditios
price series).
series).
Raw commodities
(27 price series).
Per cent
of in
crease ( + )
or de
Index
Index
number. crease ( - ) number.
compared
w ith pre
ceding
month.
Year and month.
1917.
J u lv ...............
A ugust..................................................
Septem ber............................................
October................................................
N ovem ber............................................
December________________________
198
204
202
205
207
200
1918.
Jannarvl____
February..............................................
March...................................................
A pril.....................................................
M ay.......................................................
June......................................................
203
203
207
207
205
204
Ju ly ...................................................
A ugust.................................................
Septem ber...........................................
October................................................
N ovem ber............................................
December________________________
212
220
224
217
214
217
+
+
-f
—
+
212
205
211
218
221
216
—
—
+
+
+
-
1919.
Janiiarv_____
February.............................................
March...................................................
A pril.....................................................
M ay......................................................
June......................................................
2
3
1
1
1
3
191
196
193
190
188
192
C1)
+
—
—
—
+
3
2
2
1
2
+ 2
193
197
199
205
206
208
-f
4+
+
(2)
+
1
2
1
3
4
4
2
3
1
1
208
209
215
212
215
217
0
(2)+
—
+
+
2
3
3
3
1
2
210
203
207
211
215
214
+
+
—
+
-f
—
(x)
Per cent
Per cent
of in
of in
crease ( + )
crease ( + )
or de
or de
Index
crease ( —) number. crease ( —)
compared
compared
w ith pre
w ith pre
ceding
ceding
month.
month.
+ 2
(2)
222
231
Ju ly......................................................
+ 7
229
—1
225
A ugust.................................................
21G
—6
217
September...........................................
220
220
4- 2
October................................................
227
230
+ 5
Novem ber............................................
+ 3
237
237
December.
..................................
2 Less than one-half of 1 per cent change.
195
201
198
198
199
196
1
199
201
204
206
206
206
3o
1
1
1
211
215
221
215
215
217
- 3
—3
+ 2
4- 2
+ 2
(2)
211
204
209
215
219
215
•f 4
+ 1
—4
+ 1
+ 3
+ 4
227
227
217
220
229
237
+ 1
+ 3
—l
<•>
+ 1
—2
+
+
+
+
2
1
1
1
0
C1)
+ 2
+ 2
+ 3
—3
(l)
+ 1
—3
—3
+ 2
4- 3
+ 2
- 2
+ 6
0)
—4
+ 1
+ 4
+ 3
26
WHOLESALE PR IC E S, 1890 TO 1919.
An examination of the figures in the first of these two tables and
of Chart 11 reveals that, in the main, fluctuations in the prices of
manufactured commodities from 1890 to 1919 synchronized to a
remarkable degree with fluctuations in the prices of raw materials.
In only 2 years, 1905 and 1906, did the liianufactured commodities
curve move in a direction contrary to that of the raw commodities
curve, and in these 2 instances the variation may possibly be
accounted for on the theory of a slight lag between prices of raw and
manufactured articles. In a number of instances the per cent of
change from the preceding year was exactly the same for the two
curves. It will be observed, moreover, that in most of the years
prior to 1917, when this country entered the war, manufactured
commodities fluctuated at a considerably higher level, as compared
with the base period, than did raw- commodities and that beginning
with 1917 these conditions have been exactly reversed.
In the table and chart showing monthly price variations since 1913
the great similarity of the two curves is even more strikingly brought
out. Out of 84 months for which index numbers are here given, only
11 months show a movement of manufactured commodities at
variance with the movement of raw commodities, and in practically
all of these instances the variance may properly be ascribed to the
lag between the two series of prices. An inspection of the figures in
the column showing the per cent of change from the preceding month
serves to emphasize the fidelity with which prices of manufactured
products have followed those of raw materials since the beginning of
the period.
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES OF IMPORTANT COMMODI
TIES, 1890 TO 1919.
The average wholesale prices of individual commodities for each
year from 1890 to 1919 and for each month of the period from 1917
to 1919 are shown in detail in Table 9, which follows. Monthly
figures for the years from 1913 to 1916 have in most instances been
published in previous bulletins of the Bureau.5 The table contains,
in addition to the average money prices, the relative price for each
year or month as compared with prices in 1913 : that is, the per cent
that the average price in each year or month is of the average price
in 1913. For articles added since 1913 no relative prices could be
computed.
The average prices shown in the table are, in all instances where
this information could be obtained, based on first-hand transactions
in primary markets. Thus the cattle and other live-stock prices
used are those paid by slaughterhouses to the commission man
acting for the producer. Grain prices are those ruling on the floor of
the exchange for grain shipped in by country elevators. Cotton and
wool prices are for sales made to manufacturers. Cotton and woolen
goods prices are in most instances those quoted by manufacturers to
wholesalers, jobbers, and manufacturers of wearing apparel. Butter
and egg prices are for consignments to the wholesale trade. Flour
prices are those made by millers to large wholesale dealers, jobbers,
and bakers. Leather prices are from tanners to manufacturers,
Coke prices are to operators of blast furnaces. Pig-iron prices are
those to foundry operators and large steel makers. Steel prices are
to jobbers or large manufacturing consumers.
In collecting prices for inclusion in this table the aim was to
secure quotations on those particular grades or qualities of an article
that represent the bulk of sales within the class. Thus in the case of
commodities classed as chemicals or drugs the lower quotations were
selected where a range of prices was found, because of the fact that
these were believed to represent the prices of larger lots, while the
higher quotations represent the prices of smaller lots. For the same
reason eggs classed as “ firsts” are now quoted instead of the “ new
laid” grade at one time carried, since it has been ascertained that
“ firsts” are relatively more important in the market. In the eases
of butter and several other articles the quotations have been enlarged
in recent years by the addition of lower-priced grades that were
found to constitute a considerable part of the volume of sales.
6 See B u lle tin s Nos. 149, 181, 200, and 226.
27
28
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
In many instances it has been ascertained that the price of bread
per loaf is not affected by slight changes in the price of flour, but the
weight of the loaf is changed instead. For this reason the compara
tive prices of bread shown in the table are based on a pound of dough
before baking and not on the baked loaf. In the case of flour the
prices shown for 1918 are necessarily restricted to the grade estab
lished by the United States Food Administration regulations, which
became effective with the beginning of that year.
The closing of the New York and New Orleans cotton exchanges in
1914, following the outbreak of hostilities in Europe, made it impos
sible to obtain satisfactory price quotations for this staple during a
part of that year. The average yearly prices reported for cotton in
1914 are therefore somewhat higher than would have been the case
had they included quotations for the period of business demoraliza
tion during which the exchanges were closed. The prices for the four
grades of wool appearing in the table for 1917 to 1919 were obtained
as for unwashed wool and then reduced to the scoured wool basis by
increasing the price in proportion to the amount of shrinkage. For
years prior to 1917 the prices for the two grades of wool shown were
first obtained as for washed wool and then reduced to the scoured
basis in a similar manner.
For all commodities the average price for the year was computed
by dividing the sum of the quotations by the number of quotations.
Where a range of prices was shown, except in the case of chemicals
and drugs as stated, the mean price for each date was found and the
sum of such means was divided by their number to give the average
price for the year. For example, the sum of the 52 mean prices of
No. 1 northern spring wiieat at Minneapolis obtained for 1919 was
found to be $133.43. This total divided bv 52 gives $2,566 as the
average price for 1919. In instances where prices during one or more
months of the year were missing, the yearly averages were computed
from the number of quotations actually obtained. For monthly
averages a similar plan was followed in cases where prices on a par
ticular day of each week were used. For many commodities, how
ever, monthly averages based on daily quotations have been obtain
able. First of the month prices have been used for a limited number
of articles whose prices are quite stable.
It is obvious that in order to arrive at a strictly scientific average
price for any period one must know the precise quantity marketed
and the price at which each unit of the quantity was sold. It is
manifestly impossible to obtain such detail, and even if it were
possible the labor and cost involved in such a compilation would be
prohibitive. The method adopted here, which is the one usually
employed in computing average prices, is believed to vield results
quite satisfactory for all practical purposes.
AVERAGE PRICES OF IM P O R T A N T COMMODITIES*
29
In computing the averages shown in the table the net cash price was
used for textiles and all other articles subject to large and varying
discounts. In the cases of a few articles, such as plain wire, cut and
wire nails, steel plates, steel sheets, etc., the prices of which are
subject to a small discount for cash within 10 days, no deduction has
been made.
A series of charts showing percentage price changes for a number of
selected articles of special importance accompanies the table in the
following pages. As in the table, the change in each case is measured
by the average price in 1913 as the base. The charts showing yearly
price changes since 1890 are all drawn to the same scale, so that these
charts can readily be compared with one another. They are likewise
comparable with the charts indicating yearly price fluctuations in the
several groups and in all commodities combined (Charts 1 to 11).
In like manner the charts showing monthly price variations since
the beginning of 1913 can be compared directly one with another and
with the group charts la to 11a. To permit direct comparisons to be
made by imposing one price curve on another, all charts are printed
on translucent paper, perforated so as to be easily detached from the
bound volume.
T able 9 .— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S
OE
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1890
TO
to
1919.
©
[This table shows the average actual and the relative price of each commodity, each year from 1890 to 1919 and each month in 1917, 1918, and 1919. The base price of each
commodity, on which the relative prices are based, is shown in heavy-faced type and is the average of the actual prices for the year 1913. For further explanation and
discussion of the table, see pp. 27 to 29.]
Farm products.
Grain.
Cotton.
Middling: New
Orleans.
Average
price per
pound.
Middling, upland:
New York.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Flaxseed: No. 1.
Barley: by sample.
Fair to
Choice
good
to fancy
Rela malting,
malting,
tive
average
average
price. price per price per
bushel.
bushel.
!
Average
Rela price per
tiv e
price. bushel.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. bushel.
j______
.381
.497
.597
.461
.505
Cl. 0
79.5
95.5
73.7
80.7
.227 ,
.318
.396
.354
.365
60.4
84.0
105.4
94.2
97.1
69.9
73.7
110.4
105.7
97.1
.501
.463
.528
.684
.668
80:1
74.1
84.5
109.5
106.8
.299
.328
.450
.510
.481
87.3
119.8
135.6
128.0
103.7
158.8
.581
.590
92.9
94.4
.386
.385
102.0
102.4
72.9
87.9
73.3
67.5
74.0
SO.395
.574
.450
.396
.433
03.2
91.9
72.0
63.4
69.2
1897.
.073
.079
.072 j
.0(50
.066
57.1
61.9
55.9
46.7
51.4
1.245
.812
.870
1.112
1.158
94.9
61.9
66.3
84.7
88.2
.430
.298
.323
.435
.443
62.0
42.9
40.5
62.6
63.8
.396
.258
.255
.314
.333
1900.
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
.096
.086
.089 i
.112
.121 ;
75.1
07.5
69.8
87.9
94.6
1.622
1.623
1.503
1.047
1.109
123.7
123.7
114.5
79.8
84.5
.482
.588
.632
.549
..530
69.4
84.8
91.1
79.2
76.4
1905..
1900..
1907..
1908..
1909..
.096
.110 1
.119
.105 '
.121
74.7
86.2
92.9
81.8
94.7
1.198
1.103
1.181
1.202
1.565
91.3
84.1
90.0
91.6
119.3
.485
.512
.766
.734
.674
1910..
1911..
.151 | 118.2
.130 ! 102.0
2.267
2.392
172.8
182.3
.720
1.102
______ 1
.
.
79.0
1919.
63.1
47.9
48.0
05.7
05.2
SO.506
.610
.509
.469
.513
TO
.237 i
.180
.183
.247 !
.245 1
106.5
82.4
77.6
82.9
103.2
1880
03.3
41.3
40.7
50.3
53.3
$1,397
1.081
1.018
1.088
1.353
1
82.7
103.1
80.9
75.2
82.8
86.7
07.3
60.1
65.1
54.7
1893..
1894.
Rela Average I Relaprice per J tive
tive
price. bushel. ; price.
$0,311 !
.387
.304 i
.283 j
.31)
SO.Ill
.080 !
.077
.083
.070
1891.
Oats: cash.
PRICES,
Chicago Minne
apolis
Rela market, market,
tive
average average
price. price per price per
bushel.
bushel.
Corn: cash, con Corn: cash, No. 3,
mixed.
tract grades.
WHOLESALE
Year or inonth.
116.5
100.0
111.5
112.5
138.7
210.2
207.2
194.6
.730
.825
1.637
1.605
1.597
116.7
132.0
261.9
256.8
255.4
.722
.812
1.620
1.523
1.580
117.3
131.9
263.2
247.4
256.7
.496
.455
.637
.775
.700
131.9
121.1
169.6
206.2
186.3
1.180
1.171
,1.215
1.335
1.448'
1.334 J
188.7
187.3
194.3
213.5
231.6
213.3
.982
1.016
1.123
1.397
1.625
1.716
157.1
162.6
179.7
223.5
260.0
274.6
.975
1.005
1.118
1.391
1.618
1.712
158.4
163.3
181.6
225.9
262.9
278.1
.557
.548
.581
.652
.684
.658
148.2
145.9
154.7
173.5
182.0
175.2
210.9
246.5
251.7
245.0
238.7
239.1
1.391
1.393
1.323
1.306
1.281
1.473
222.4
208.3
211.5
208.9
204.9
235.5
2.044
1.921
2.071
1.968
2.056
1.709
327.0
307.7
331.3
314.8
328.9
273.4
2.039
1.918
2.061
1.962
2.024
1.588
331.3
311.6
334.9
318.7
328.8
257.9
.764
.596
.588
.591
.661
.756
203.2
158.7
156.4
157.1
175.9
201.1
3.589
3.757
4.220
4.076
3.921
3.876
266.0
278.5
312.8
302.1
290.6
287.3
1.534
1.849
2.030
1.722
1.410
1.194
245.3
295.7
324.6
275.4
225.5
190.9
1.775
1.750
1.725
1.665
1.625
1.600
283.9
279.9
275.9
266.4
260.0
256.0
1.685
1.638
1.556
1.585
1.525
1.513
273.8
266.0
252.9
257.5
247.8
245.7
.799
.863
.925
.872
.754
.771
212.6
229.7
246.1
232.0
200.6
205.1
244.2
269.4
279.7
254.0
230.9
237.8
4.415
4.370
4.198
3.648
3.791
3.536
327.3
323.9
311.2
270.4
281.0
262.1
1.125
.993
1.010
.957
.958
.946
179.9
158.7
161.5
153.0
153.1
151.3
1.665
1.700
1.600
1.385
1.350
1.445
266.4
271.9
256.0
221.6
216.0
231.2
1.590
1.623
1.531
1,327
1.268
1.429
258.3
263.6
248.8
215.6
205.9
232.2
.765
.698
.718
.693
.736
.710
203.6
185.8
191.1
184.4
195.9
189.0
.296
.263
.273
.290
.309
.328
231.3
205.9
213.4
226.3
241.9
256.3
3.404
3.436
3.736
3.854
4.096
4.786
252.4
254.7
277.0
285.7
303.7
354.8
.956
.900
.981
1.133
1.185
1.191
152.9
143.9
156.9
181.2
189.5
190.5
1.401
1.295
1.485
1.609
1.772
1.766
224.2
207.2
237.6
257.4
283.5
282.6
1.375
1.276
1.459
1.596
1.761
1.756
223.4
207.4
237.0
259.2
286.2
285.3
.653
.578
.627
.681
.695
.693
173.6
153.9
166.7
181.2
185.0
184.3
. 351
.320
.311
.355
.395
.394
274.2
250.4
243.2
277.2
309.1
308.1
5.841
5.858
4.859
4.411
4.793
4.971
433.0
434.2
360.2
327.0
355.3
368.5
1.268
1.373
1.281
1.299
1.404
1.543
202.8
219.5
204.9
207.7
224.5
246.7
1.920
1.938
1.553
1.400
1.498
1.480
307.1
309.9
248.4
224.0
239.6
236.8
1.908
1.921
1.541
1.389
1.488
1.449
309.9
312.2
250.4
225.6
241.7
235.3
.764
.728
.693
.706
.728
.818
203.2
193.4
184.8
187.6
193.8
217.7
89.9
100.0
94.6
191 5
1910....................
191 7
191 8
191 9
.096
.141
.226
.311
.319
75.7
m .o I
177.9
245.1 !
250.8 ’
.102
.145
.235
.318
.325
79.4
113.1
183.7
248.5
253.9
1.794
2.228
3.093
3.940
4.533
133.0
165.2
229.3
292.1
336.0
1917—January...
.174
.171
.176
.195
.200
.242
136. G
134.5
138.9
153.5
157.4
190.6
.176 - 137.8
127.5
.163
.180
145.3
159.0
.203
.208
162.3
.255
199.0
2.863
2.850
2.783
2.965
3.255
3.090
212.2
211.3
206.3
219.8
241.3
229.1
.253
.251
.216
.266
.280
.289
198.8
197.9
170.1
209.4
220.8
227.9
.261
.259
.227
.281
.299
.306
204.2
202.2
177.6
219.9
233.9
239.2
2.845
3.325
3.395
3.305
3.220
3.225
April........
M ay.........
June.........
.311
.310
.329
.326
.289
.307
244.5
243.9
259.1
256.7
227.9
241.4
.324
.319
.339
.317
.275
.304
253.0
249.0
264.7
248.0
214.9
237.6
Ju ly ...........
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
.295
.304
.358
.315
.301
.296
231.9
239.2
281.7
248.0
236.8
232.9
.312
.345
.358
.325
.295
.304
1919—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
.288
.269
.268
.267
.295
.319
226.4
212.1
211.1
210.2
232.0
250.8
July.........
.338
.313
.308
.354
.396
.399
265.9
246.1
242.4
278.6
312.0
314.2
February.
March......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
July............
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
19ia—January...
February.
March.......
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1.866
1.019
.694
146.8
$0,625 1 100.0
.615 | 98.4
.704
.867
1.315
1.305
1.217
I
>
COMMODITIES.
.438
.376
.419
.115
.128
.121
IMPORTANT
I............ !
100.0 !
110.9 !
100.0
88.7
OF
$0,616
.683
.127
.113
PEICES
109.7
100.0
111.2
191 3
AVEEAGE
.686
.625
.695
142.2
$1,919
1.349
100.0
1.525 . 113.1
191 4
191 2
T
able
9 .—AVERAGE WHOLESALE TRICES OF COMMODITIES,
1890
TO
1919— Continued.
CO
to
Farm products.
Hay.
Grain.
Rye: No. 2, cash.
Wheat: No. 1
Wheat: No. 2
hard winter, cash, northern spring,
cash, Minneapolis.
Kansas City.
Wheat: cash, Chicago.
Average
price per
bushel.
j
Range of
No. 1
No. 1
northern
northern
Rela spring
spring,
and
tive
No. 2 red
average
pricc. winter, aver price
per
age price per
bushel.
bushel.
No. 2
Rela red winter,
tive
average
price. price per
bushel.
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. bushel.
Relative
pricc.
Rela Average Rela
price per tive
tive
price. short ton. price.
Average
price per
bushel.
1895...................
1896...................
1897..............
1898................
1899...................
.483
.352
.396
.496
.552
75.8
55.3
62.3
77.9
86.8
.600
.641
.795
.885
.711
62 9
67.3
83.4
92.8
74.6
1900......................
1901...................
1902...................
1903..........................
1904...................
.518
.533
. 542
. 516
.706
81.4
83.7
85.2
81.0
110.9
.704
.719
.741
.790
1.039
73.8
75.4
77.8
82.8
109.0
1905..........................
1906...................
1907..........................
1908..........................
1909...................
.711
.611
.769
.783
.783
111. 8
96.0
120. 8
123.0
123.0
1.010
.793
.907
.990
1.200
1910..........................
1911...................
1912................................ .
.777
.902
.798
122.2
141.7
125.5
1.097
.984
1.049
106. 0
83. 2
95.2
i
103.8
125.8 .................. 1.............
115.1
103.3
i
110.0
93.7
100.9
82.6
71.0
58.6
[
j
l
i
1
I
|
i
I
i
|
1
1
1
j
!
............... ..............
j
............... ..............
!
.. . J .......... j................................................... 1.............
.............. i
!
!
i
j
j
.. . .
i
i
1
1
1
!
!
1
1
.
j
!
1
!
j
(
!
! .......... 1 ..............
............
!•
1
TO 1919,
85.6
131.0
106.2
77.0
73.2
1890
$0.545
.833
.075
.490
. 466
PRICES,
1890...................
1891...................
1892...................
1893...................
1894...................
Average
priee p6r
bUvshel.
Rela
tive
price.
i
i_______
.
$0,893
.962 ..................
.788 1
.677
.559
Alfalfa: No. 1.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
Wheat: bluestem, cash,
Portland, Oreg.
191 3
.
1.092
1.113
1.871
1.940
1.534
February..
March......
April........
May..........
June........ .
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
1.041
100.0 [
114.0 !
171.6
174:9
294.1
304.9
241.1
1.344
1.417
2.321
2.235
2.563
147.2
155.1
254.2
244.8
280.7
1.307
1.351
2.278
2.209
2.357
1.448
1.480
1.621
1.854
2.255
2.415
227.6
232.6
254.7
291.4
354.4
379.6
1.922
1.841
1.987
2.310
2.951
2.768
210.4
201.6
217.6
253.0
323.2
303.1
2.226
1.818
1.854
1.811
1.785
1.822
349.9
285.7
291.5
284.7
280.6
286.3
2.568
2.618
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June......
1.915
2.269
2.8C9
2.648
2.212
1.838
301.0
356.7
450.9
416.1
347.6
288.8
July............
August......
September.
October___
November..
December..
1.705
1.636
1.633
1.625
1.636
1.616
February..
March___
April........
May..........
June.........
July............
August.......
September.,
October___
November..
December..
5
6
7
8
9
.
1917—January.
1918—January...
SO.874 1 100.0
100.0
$14.186
100.0
1.009
108.6
14.375
101.3
149.5
161.5
266.1
250.8
293.8
1.116
1.175
2.059
2.159
2.398
120.2
126.5
221.6
232.5
258.1
13.476
14.577
24.610
27.842
31.942
95.0
102.8
173.5
196.3
225.2
1.917
1.808
1.984
2.381
2.981
2.694
219.4
207.0
227.2
272.6
341.2
308.4
1.612
1.575
1.705
2.025
2.690
2.475
173.5
169.5
183.5
218.0
289.6
266.4
19.875
20.250
20.833
24.313
24.500
22.700
140.1
142.7
146.9
171.4
172.7
160.0
274.5
301.8
249.1
241.8
241.8
241.8
2.582
2.788
2.221
2.170
2.170
2.170
295.5
319.1
254.3
248.4
248.4
248.4
2.158
2.234
2.013
2.050
2.050
2.050
232.3
240.5
216.6
220.7
220.7
220. 7
21.500
24.125
23.950
27.625
30.625
32.700
151.6
168.8
194.7
215.9
230.5
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
241.8
241.8
241.8
241.8
241.8
241.8
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.170
248.4
248.4
248.4
248.4
248.4
248.4
2.050
2.050
2.050
2.050
2.050
2.050
220.7
220.7
220.7
220.7
220.7
220.7
31.000
31.375
27.500
24.688
22.750
21.000
218.5
221.2
193.9
174.0
160.4
148.0
227.8
226.4
226.7
226.6
226.9
234.1
2.252
2.160
2.159
2.167
2.160
2.260
256.9
246.4
246.3
247.1
246.4
257.8
2.170
2.223
2.217
2.216
2.221
2.221
248.4
254.5
253.8
253.6
254.2
254.2
2.140
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
230.4
236.8
236.8
236.8
236.8
236.8
22.750
29.100
31.500
30.875
31.250
30.938
160.5
205.1
222.0
217.6
220.0
218.1
241.2
237.8
239.0
266.7
281.9
239.4
2.313
2.278
2.378
2.605
2.611
2.489
263.8
259.8
271.2
297.1
297.8
283.9
2.223
2.235
2.328
2.589
2.598
2.458
254.4
255.9
266.5
296.4
297.4
281.3
2.200
2.220
2.320
2.340
2.340
2.340
236.8
239.0
249.7
251.9
251.9
251.9
32.875
31.188
34.600
38.188
35.850
27.375
231.7
219.8
243.9
269.2
252.7
193.0
2.258 | 228.9
2.239
227.1
2.239
227.0
2.239
227.1
2.288
232.0
2.449
248.3
2.310
2.213
2.269
2.363
2.489
2.662
263.5
252.4
258.8
269.5
283.9
303.6
2.680
2.52-5
2.535
2.625
2.825
3.030
306.8
289.1
290.2
300.5
323.4
346.9
2.200
2.235
2.330
2.488
2.733
2.968
236.8
240.6
250.8
267.8
294.2
319.5
26.688
27.950
29.000
29.813
33.350
35.438
188.1
197.0
204.4
210.2
235.1
249.8
$0,877 ! 100.0
1.003
114.8
147.2
151.6
261.8
246.3
275.8
1.306
1.411
2.325
2.191
2.566
1.896
1.801
1.983
2.531
3.046
2.690
216.2
205.5
226.1
288.6
347.5
306.8
236.3
228.7
220.8
220.0
220.0
220.0
2.407
2.646
2.184
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.170
220.0
220.0
220.0
220.0
220.0
220.0
247.5
248.5
248.1
248.2
248.7
250.0
2.247
2.233
2.236
2.235
2.238
2.309
2.279
2.268
2.391
2.597
2.573
2.426
249.6
248.4
261.9
284.4
281.7
265.7
2.379
2.345
2.358
2.630
2.780
2.361
2.493
2.400
2.457
2.640
2.953
3.180
273.0
262.8
269.1
289.1
323.3
348.3
1.005 I 101.9 |
.939
107.1
132.5
136.9
230.9
224.0
239.0
1.290
1.329
2.296
2.159
2.418 !
L902
1.797
1.978
2.467
2.971
2.639
192.9
182.2
200.5
250.1
301.1
267.5
281.2
286.6
240.9
240.9
240.9
240.9
2.331
2.256
2.178
2.170
2.170
2.170
2.200.
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
240.9
240.9
240.9
240.9
240.9
240.9
267.9
257.1
256.7
255.4
257.2
254.0
2.260
2.269
2.266
2.267
2.271
2.283
1.613
1.367
1.5(58
1.741
1.563
1.487
253.6
214.8
246.5
273.6
245.6
233.7
1.555
1.538
1.433
1.388
1.406
1.684
244.4
241.8
225.2
218.1
220.9
264.7
$0,929
170.1
COMMODITIES.
$0,986 I 100.0 f
IMPORTANT
1919—January...
$0,913
PRICES
191
191
191
191
191
.953
OF
100.0
120.6
.
AVERAGE
146726°— 20— Bull. 269-
.636
.708
191 4
T a b l e <).— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1890 T O
CO
1 9 1 9 - C o n tin u e d .
F a r m p ro d u cts.
Hides.
Hay.
Year or month.
Timothy: No. 1.
1895.
1890.
1897.
1898.
1899.
11.384
10.327
8.442
8.332
10.075
71.0
64.4
52.7
52.0
62.9
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
11.567
12.826
12.615
12.428
11.731
72.2
80.0
78.7
77.5
73.2
1905.
1900.
1907.
1908.
1909.
11.260
12.962
16.939
12.337
13.457
70.2
80.9
105.7
77.0
84.0
1910.
1011.
1912.
17.269 | 107.7
19.664
122.7
20.410
127.3
18.020
100.0
15.686 I 97.9
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
16.476 I 102.8 ,
16.625 I 103.7 !
......... 1
..
|
.
......... i
I
............1
I
$0.189
100.0
.210
111.3
. 215
. 338
114.2
178.9
i
.... ..... 1..........
Average j Relaprice per
tive
100 pounds, i price.
$0,093
.095
.087
.075
.064
50.7
51.7
47.3
40.7
34.9
.103
.081
.100
.115
.124
55.9
44.1
54.2
62.6
67.2
.094
.088
.116
.162
.156
35.3
32.9
43.6
60.9
58.7
5.485
4.596
5.226
5.378
5.993
61.4
61.5
58.5
60.2
67.1
.119
.124
.134
.117
.117 !
64.9
67.3
72.8
G3.6
03.4
.148
.172
.238
.283
.348
55.7
64.6
89.2
106.1
130.5
5.783
6.122
7.472
5.568
5.956
64.8
68.6
83.7
62.4
66.7
.143
.154
.146
.134
.165
77*8
83.9
79.1
72.6
89.6
.267
.163
.174
.119
.201
100.4
61.2
65.3
44.6
75.4
5.968
6.130
6.544
6.816
7.339
66.8
68.6
73.3
76.3
82.2
.155
.148
.176
.184
.196
84.1
80.3
95.7
106.7
0.181
.192
.259
.305
.410
.266
.396
97.2
137.1
154.0
100.0
148.8
$0,172
.153
100.0
88.8
7.771
7.234
9/359
8. m
9.052
87.0
81.0
104.8
100.0
108.1
.242
.252
131.6
142.4
.215
.239
.183
68.5
. 2S4 * 10G.7
.114
.103
60.1
60.1
9.312
10.420
104.3
116.7
100.0
$4,870
5.885
5.091
5.521
5.159
100,0
105.9
118.9
132.0
I
!
|
i
I
54.5
65.9
57.0
61.8
57.8
TO 1919.
62.4
76.7
73.9
69.9
65.0
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Cattle: steers,
choice to prime.
1890
$9,995
12.286
11.838
11.207
10.418
Pacific coast.
P R IC E S ,
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
Rela Average
tiv e price per
price. pound.
Green, salted,
packers’: heavy I New York S ta te:;
prime to choico. ;
Texas steers.
Livestock (forfood).
W HOLESALE
Average Rela Average
price per tiv e price per
short ton. price. pound.
Green, salted,
packers’: heavy
native steers.
Goatskins:
Brazilian.
Calfskins:
country, No. 1.
Hops.
.400
.371
. 685
215.3
190.8
363.0
1917—January...
February.
March...
April........
M ay.........
J u n e........
15.038
16.068
16,000
18.900
20.438
1&188
99.4
100.2
99.8
117.9
127.5
119.7
.475
4413
.400
.425
.460
.425
18.200
20.000
21.375
26.000
28.250
27.900
113.5
124.8
133.4
162.2
176.2
174.1
28.813
30.500
30.250
25.900
22.750
20.000
July.........
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1918—January...
February.
March......
April........
M ay.........
June.......
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
July......... .
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
178.0
163.8
213.8
.312
.280
.357
172.2
154.6
197.5
.533
.385
.588
200.3
144.6
220.7
.129
.179
. 555
75.0
104.2
322.7
13.S31
17.343
18.658
154.9
194.2
209.0
251.9 •
218.7
212.1
225.3
243.9
225.3
1.425
1.400
1.400
1.425
1.425
1.-425
.335
.318
.305
.305
.315
.330
182.2
172.6
165.8
165.8
171.3
179.4
.325
.318
.308
.303
.315
.320
179.7
175.5
170.0
167.2
174.1
176.9
.490
.490
.425
.390
.370
.340
184.0
184.0
159.6
146.4
138.9
127.7
.075
.070
.060
.055
.045
,048
43.6
40.7
34.9
32.0
26,2
27.6
11.440
11.863
12.450
12.990
13.244
13.363
* 128.1
132.8
139.4
145.5
148.3
149.6
.450.
.400
.345
.350
.400
.330
238.6
212.1
182.9
185.6
212.1
175.0
1.425
1.425
1.425
1.425
1.125
1.125
. .330
.320
.330
.338
.353
.350
179.4
174*0
179.4
183.5
191.7
190.3
.325
.325
.295
.288
.308
.310.
179.7
179.7
163.1
158.9
170.0
171.4
.340
.340
.825
.880
.775
.735
127.7
127.7
309.8
330,4
291.0
276.0
,045
.090
,210
.415
.260
.175
26.2
52.4
122.2
241,4
151.2
101.8
13.530
14.519
16.338
16.515
15.606
14.225
151.5
162.6
183.0
185.0
174.8
159.3
179.8
190.3
188.7
161.6
141.9
124.8
.322
.324
.309
.360
.404
*390
170.7
171.7
164.1
190.9
214.2
206.8
1.125
1.094
1.050
1,216
1.300
1.300
.328
.293
.263
.272
.311
.330
178.4
159.1
142.7
147.9
169.1
179.4
.284
*258
.232
.263
.310
.310
156.7
142.7
128.2
145.1
171.4
171.4
.514
.475
.440
.405
.405
.405
193.0
178.4
165.2
152,1
152.1
152,1
.169
.164
.148
.151
.153
.145
98.0
95.3
85.8
87.8
88.7
84.4
13.769
13.719
13*888
16.090
17.475
17.806
154.2
153.7
155.5
180,2
195.7
199.4
24,800
30.500
33.375
33.000
32.250
30.800
154.7
190.3
208.2
205.9
201.2
192.2
*390
.390
.390
.390
.390
.390
206.8
206.8
206.8
206.8
206.8
206.8
1.300
1.300
1,300
1.300
1.300
1.300
.324
.300
.300
.300
.290
.290
176.2
163.1
163.1
163.1
157.7
157.7
.304
.280
.280
.280
.270
.270
168.0
154.8
154.8
154.8
149.3
149.3
.405
.395
.319
.244
.296
.325
152,1
148.3
119.7
91.6
111.3
122.0
.165
(2)
(2)
(2)
*210
.292
96.0
122.2
169.6
18.144
18,600
19.205
19.175
19.488
19.835
203.2
208*3
215.1
214.8
218.3
222.2
30.750
26.750
30.875
34.700
36.750
35.500
191.8
166.9
192.6
216.5
229.3
221.5
.401
.550
.506
.534
.646
.769
212.6
291.6
268.5
283.1
342.7
407.6
1.350
1.350
1.475
1.625
1.788
2.031
.280
.280
.276
.295
.351
.408
152.3
152.3
150.2
160.4
191.0
221.6
.260
.260
.260
.282
.349
.404
143.7
143.7
143.7
155.9
192.8
223.2
.378
.380
.380
.387
.410
.541
141.8
142.7
142.7
145.3
154.0
203.3
.386
.390
.390
.410
.441
.459
m *7
226.9
226.9
238.2
256.3
267.2
19.906
19.719
19.790
19,800
19.013
15.920
223.0
220.9
221.6
221.8
212.9
178.3
34.875
34.500
30.900
29.750
29.375
31.300
217.6
215.2
192.8
185.6
183.3
195.3
.863
.925
.813
.776
.772
.700
457.3
490.5
430.8
411.2
409.3
371.2
2.235
2.000
2.000
2.200
2.275
2.440
.486
.520
.464
.482
.469
.410
264.3
282.8
252.2
262.1
254.9
222.9
.452
.476
.418
.404
.386
.347
249.9
263.3
230.8
223.3
213.5
191.8
.625
.625
.793
.813
.825
.825
234.7
234.7
297.8
305.1
309.8
309.8
.485
.520
.620
.816
.854
.850
282.1
302.5
360.7
474.5
496.7
494.5
17.406
18.469
17.490
18.631
19.175
19.150
195.0
206.9
195.9
208.7
214.8
214.5
1 N o r e la t iv e p r ic e co m m u te d .
|
2 No
COMMODITIES,
1919—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
.327
.301
.393
IMPORTANT
July.........
$1,371
1.242
1.904
OF
130.1
178.3
200.8
PRICES
20.846
28.582
32.184
AVERAGE
191 7
191 8
1019............ .
quotation.
00
01
T able
9 .— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S
O F C O M M O D I T I E S , 1 890 T O
Co
191 9 — C o n t in u e d .
F a rm p ro d u cts.
Live stock (for food).
Cattle: steers,
good to choice.
Hogs: heavy.
Hogs: light.
Sheep.
Average
price per
100
pounds.
Average
Rela price
per
tiv e
100
price. pounds.
Average
Rela price
per
tive
100
pricc. pounds.
Rela
tive
price.
Western
wethers,
average
price per
100
pounds.
Western
wethers,
plain to
prime,
average
price per
100
pounds.
Ewes,
average
price per
100
pounds.
Rela
tiv e
price.
$3,953
4.423
5.155
6.549
4.972
47.3
52.9
61.6
78.3
59.4
$3,926
4.340
5.068
6.575
4.933
46.4
51.3
59.9
77.8
58.3
$4,664
4.572
4.870
4.126
2.981
97.8
95.8
102.1
86.5
62.5
1895
189G
1897
1898
1899
4.934
4.271
4.774
4.885
5.385
58.0
50.2
56.1
57.4
63.3
4.278
3.358
3.591
3.805
4.039
51.1
40.1
42.9
45.5
48.3
4.253
3.559
3.722
» 3.759
4.071
50.3
42.1
44.0
44.5
48.2
3.094
3.141
3.769
4.163
4.162
64.9
65.8
79.1
87.2
87.2
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
5.394
5.590
0.557
5.002
5.192
63.4
65.7
77.1
59.5
61.0
5.082
5.958
6.970
6.057
5.155
60.7
71.2
83.3
72.4
• 61.6
5.114
5.918
6.735
6.054
5.148
60.5
70.0
79.7
71.6
60.9
4.521
3.744
4.178
3.877
.4.261
1905
1900.
1907
1908.
1909.
5.219
5.357
5.812
5.998
6.453
61.4
63.0
68.3
70.5
75.9
5.291
6.235
6.080
5.799
7.572
63.3
74.5
72.7
69.3
90.5
5.321
6.327
(.216
5.635
7.361
62.9
74.8
73.5
66.7
87.1
5.080
5.279
4.884
1910.
1911.
1912.
7.017
6.727
8.402
1913.
8.507
82.5
79.1
98.8
100.0
8.943
6.747
7.595
106.9
80.7
90.8
100.0
9.009
6.726
7.552
106.6
79.6
89.3
100.0
8.365
8.454
$5,421
4.812 i
5.271
I
5.395 i
3.941 !
4.901 i
5.301 I
$4,687
Wethers,
average
price per
100
pounds.
Rela
tive
price.
$4,528
4.511
4.780
3.878
2.696
99.4
99.0
104.9
85.1
59.2
2.950
2.932
3.497
3.925
3.884
64.7
64.4
76.8
86.2
85.2
94.8
78.5
87.7
81.2
89.3
4.124
3.352
3.782
3.710
4.146
90.5
73.6
83.0
81.4
91.1
106.5
110.7
102.4
90.8
99.4
5.053
4.948
4.896
101.8
74.4
92.5
100.0
. . . .
i
(
............ I
............ I ...................1
!
100 .0 i
$7,794
$5.746
4.951
5.430
110.9
108.7
107.5
92.6
101.6
5.544
4.280
4.928
-103.7
80.0
92.2
5.347
100.0
TO 1919.
48.6
59.9
52.9
56.9
53.2
N ative
wethers,
average
price per
100
pounds.
1890
84.188
5.098
4.500
4.839
4.525
Rela
tive
pricc.
PEICES,
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
Lambs,
average
price per
100
pounds.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
106.2
8.361
99.9
99.1
5.044
107.6
8.115
104.1
5.830
109.0
8.702
9.573
12.809
16.424
17.496
102.3
112.5
150.6
193.1
205.7
7.131
9.615
15.705
17.600
18.244
85.2
114.9
187.7
210.4
218.1
7.187
9.400
15.459
17.804
18.326
85.0
111.2
182.9
210.6
216.8
5.929
7.166
10.332
11.288
9.351
126.5
152.9
220.4
240.8
199.5
9.233
11.017
16.092
17.325
16.125
118.5
141.3
206.5
222.3
206.9
6.690
7.994
11.708
12.589
11.008
125.1
149.5
2 19.0
235.4
205.9
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
10.530
11.131
11.869
12.310
12.475
12.550
123.8
130.8
139.5
144.7
146.6
147.5
10.955
12.575
14,794
15.795
16.088
15.706
131.0
150.3
176.8
188.8
192.3
187.8
10.605
12.206
14.369
15.275
15.500
15.213
125.4
144.4
170.0
180.7
183.3
179.9
9.260
10.500
11.019
11.715
13.969
9.219
197.6
224.0
235.1
249.9
298.0
196.7
13.950
14.550
14.813
15.910
18.613
15.194
179.0
186.7
190.0
204.1
238.8
194.9
10.100
11.469
11.938
12.510
14.950
10.844
188.9
214.5
223.2
233.9
279.6
202.8
AVERAGE
July..........
August__
September.
October...
November.
December.
12.560
13.175
14.988
14.675
14.388
13.235
147.6
154.9
176.2
172.5
169.1
155.6
15.460
17.331
18.325
17.590
17.456
16.850
184.8
207.2
219.1
210.3
208.7
201.4
15.375
17.369
18.425
17.555
17.350
16.715
181.9
205.4
217.9
207.6
205.2
197.7
8.600
8.906
10.063
10.525
10.188
10.325
183.5
190.0
214.7
224.6
217.4
220.3
15.745
15.731
17.738
17.545
16.788
16.685
202.0
201.8
227.6
225.1
215.4
214.1
10.000
10.375
11.563
12.150
12.481
12.450
187.0
194.0
216.2
227.2
233.4
232.8
PRICES
1918—January...
February..
March.......
A pril........
May..........
June..........
13.113
13.075
13.231
15.175
16.417
17.175
154.1
153.7
155.5
178.4
193.0
201.9
16.300
16.719
16.831
17.150
17.263
16.619
194.9
199.9
201.2
205.0
206.4
198.7
16.213
16.694
17.425
17.510
17.500
16.775
191.8
197.5
206.1
207.1
207.0
198.4
11.144
11.419
12.800
14.950
14.731
11.781
237.8
243.6
273.1
319.0
314.3
251.4
17.463
17.031
18.138
20.420
18.400
17.188
224.0
218.5
232.7
262.0
236.1
220.5
12.750
12.813
13.875
16.225
15.494
12.750
238.5
239.6
259.5
303.4
289.8
238.5
July..........
A ugust__
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
16.625
17.825
18.410
17.856
18.156
18.360
207.2
209.5
216.4
209.9
213.4
215.8
17.720
19.188
19.725
17.850
17.813
17.575
211.8
229.4
235.8
213.4
212.9
210.1
18.000
19.775
20.070
18.094
17.706
17.440
212.9
233.9
237.4
214.0
209.4
206.3
10.975
11.156
10.375
9.469
8.844
8.750
234.2
238.0
221.4
202.0
188.7
186.7
18.525
18.313
17.730
16.075
14.106
14.135
237.7
234.9
227.5
206.2
181.0
181.4
12.300
12. 406
11.675
10.656
9.969
10.150
230.0
232.0
218.3
199.3
186.4
189.8
1919—January...
February..
March.......
A pril........
May..........
June..........
18.413
18.469
18.575
18.325
17.744
15.460
216.4
217.1
218.3
215.4
208.6
181.7
17.538
17.638
18.955
20.500
20.763
20.665
209.6
210.8
226.6
245.1
248.2
247.0
17.413
17.469
18.855
20.381
20.700
20.780
206.0
206.6
223.0
241.1
244.9
245.8
9.556
10.375
12.550
13.500
11.469
7.850
203.9
221.4
267.8
288.0
244.7
167.5
15.688
16.919
19.325
18.693
15.644
13.550
201.3 ...................!
217.1 ...................!
247.9
239.8
200.7
173.8
10.750
11.181
14.640
15.406
12.313
9.775
201.0
209.1
273.8
288.1
230.3
182.8
July..........
A ugust___
September.
October...
November.
D ecem ber..
16.869
17.638
16.805
17.594
17.500
17.075
198.3
207.3
197.5
206.8
205.7
200.7
22.225
21.325
16.995
14.656
14.644
13.690
265.7
254.9
203.2
175.2
175.1
163.7
22.388
21.613
18.210
14.725
14.144
13.680
264.8
255.7
215.4
174.2
167.3
161.8
8.125
8.375
7.075
7.156
7.488
8.940
173.4
178.7
151.0
152.7
159.8
190.7
179.6
14.000
206.7
16.113
14.860
190.7
15.125 * 194.1
14.381
184.5
214.5
16.715
10.125
10.156
9.100
8.963
9.375
10.350
189.4
189.9
170.2
167.6
175.3
193.6
191
191
191
191
191
5
6
7
8
9
IMPORTANT
COMMODITIES,
8.382 !
OE
9.039
191 4
CO
-a
T a b l e 9 .— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S O F
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1890 T O
i
1
Farm producls.
CO
OO
1 9 1 9 -C o n t in u e d .
Food, ctc,
Poultry.
Peanut?: No. 1
grade.
Live fowls:
Chicago.
Year or month.
Rela Average Rela Average
price ] km’ tive price per
tive
pricc. pound.
price. pound.
1
i
..
84.8
94.2
75.1
83.2
77.1
?0.070
.070
.009
.005
.005
77.8
77.8
70.4
72.2
72.2
?0.080 I
.080 1
.070
. 075
.073
123.1
123.1
117.4
115.4
111.5
.1. ..
1.790
1.174
1.045
1.248
1.453
74.8
49.0
43.7
52.1
00.7
. 005
.005
. 059
.073
.071
72.7
72.2
05.8
81.4
79.2
.008
. 006
.059
.076
.060
103.8
101.2
91.1
116.6
102.0
i
j
1
i
1
2.097
2.193
1.920
2.263
2.010
87.0
91.0
80.2
94.5
83.9
.075
.080
.080
.076
.078
83.3
88.9
88.9
84.2
86.1
.068
.070
.070
.065
.066
103.8
107.7
107.7
99.4
101.2
2.150
1.9Q0
1.777
2.320
2.450
89.8
79.3
74.3
96.9
102.4
.089
.090
.090
99.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.6
.068
.065
.065
.065
.065
105.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.6
107.7
107.7
100.0
.070
.065
.065
107.7
100.0
100.0
1
|
............1...................
!
. .
i
1______
1910...........................
1911...................................
1912...................................
1913..................................
1914...........................
$0.036
.040
100.0
113.2
1915...................................
, 035
97. 5
’ ' ! ' '
j
!
1
............... 1.............i................
?0.133
.100
$0.154
.145
.137 i
79.3
95.4
$15.063
17.598
114.1
133.3
100.0
94.2
.169
.145
.149
.167
.105
101.0
80.3
88.7
100.0
98.6
15.537
11.346
11.428
13.202
14.654
117.7
85.9
80.6
100.0
111.0
88.0
.161
90.4
13.789
104.4
2.399
2.289
10.065
.065
.005
$3.814
4.061
3.990
4.033
100.2
95.6
116.8
100.0
101.1
.070
.070
.005
.065
.065
100.0
.065
100.0
.065
5.813
145.7
.071
109.7
.071
100.0
100.0
109.7
1919.
1905...................................
1906................................... ........
1907*.............................
1908...................................
1909..............................
Rela
tive
price.
IO
I.
1
Soda,
Rela average
tive
pet
price. price
pound.
1890
.
Oyster,
average
price per
pound.
$2,029
2.253
1.870
1.991
1.847
1
j
..
Crackers.
Butter,
Aver
Rela Average
average
age
tive
price per price Relative
pricc
per
price.
bushel. per 100 price.
pound.
pounds.
i
1900...................................
1901...................................
1902................................... . .. . I . .
i
1903...................................
1904................................... ............... | .............
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. 100 pounds.
Hcans: medium, choice.
PIUCES,
1890............... ...................
1891...................................
1892...................................
1893........................... .
1894...................................
1895..............................
1896...................................
1897................................
1898...................................
1899...................................
Live fowls:
New York.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Bread.
Tobacco: Burley,
(lark red, good
leaf.
1916.................................
1917................................
1918..................
1919...............
.036
.069
.098
.074
101.4
193.8
276.6
207.9
* 164
.198
.259
.284
106.2
128.2
168.3
184.2
.189
.238
.324
.341
112.6
142.0
193.6
203.6
15.231
22.302
36.567
32.346
115.4
168.9
277.0
245.0
8.450
13.785
12.109
8.058
211.8
345. 5
303.5
202.0
.073
.114
.148
.152
111.5
175.7
228.2
234.5
.073
.114
.148
191T—-January...................
February................
March.......
April.......................
M ay........
June........................
.038
.043
.047
.068
.081
.083
105.6
121.4
132.1
162.0
229.0
232.4
.178
.184
.200
.229
.215
.203
115.6
119.3
129.8
148.5
139.5
131.7
.204
.228
.230
.254
.248
.244
121.7
135.9
137.1
151.6
147.8
145.9
17.500
18.500
18.700
19.000
19.000
19.300
132.6
140.1
141.6
143.9
143.9
146.2
10.750
11.300
12.500
13.000
15.375
15.875
269.4
283.2
313.3
325.8
385.4
397.9
.080
123.1
153.9
153.9
153.9
153.9
153.9
.080
.100
.100
.100
.100
.100
July. .......................
August....................
September..............
October...................
November..............
December...............
.080
.078
.078
0)
.088
.085
225.4
218.3
218.3
.186
.209
.229
.185
.170
.185
120.4
135.3
148.9
120.1
110.3
120.1
.224
.242
.269
.235
.224
.250
133.7
144.4
160.4
140.4
f33.7
149.3
21.125
23.000
23.500
23.500
31.000
32.200
160.0
174.2
178.0
178.0
234. 8
243.9
15.375
15.000
13.500
13.750
14.875
14.125
385.4
376.0
338.4
344.6
372.8
354.0
.110
.120
.130
.140
.140
.150
200.0
169.2
184.6
.110
.120
.130
215.4
215.4
230.8
.140
.140
.150
215.4
215.4
230.8
1918—January
February................
March......................
April.......................
M ay........................
June........................
.099
.100
.100
.113
.119
.118
277.5
281.7
281.7
318.3
334.6
331.0
.209
.262
135.5
170,0
.300
.271
.269
194.7
175.9
174.8
.253
.350
.360
.360
.330
.327
150.8
209.1
215.1
215.1
197.1
195.2
29.000
29.000
29.600
30.250
31.000
37.600
219.7
219.7
224.2
229.1
234. 8
284.8
13.925
13.500
13.656
13.450
12.969
12.219
349.0
338.4
342.3
337.1
325.1
306.3
.119
.136
.148
.153
.153
.153
182.8
209.2
227.7
235.4
235.4
235.4
.119
.136
.148
.153
.153
.153
182.8
209.2
227.7
235.4
235.4
235.4
July ........................
August....................
September..............
October...................
November..............
December...............
.104
.100
• 100
.100
.083
.059
m o
281.7
281.7
281.7
234.1
165.6
.283
.289
.268
.250
.242
.243
183.3
187.5
173.6
162*2
156.7
157.4
.335
.332
.353
.319
.294
.305
200.1
198.3
210.6
190.4
175.6
182.2
42.000
42.000
42.000
42.000
42.000
41.125
318.1
318.1
318.1
318.1
-318.1
311.5
11.825
11.469
11.125
10.925
10.219
10.100
296.4
287.5
278.8
273.8
256.1
253.2
.153
.153
.153
.153
.153
.153
235.4
235.4
235.4
235.4
235.4
235.4
.153
.153
.153
.153
.153
.153
235.4
235.4
235.4
235.4
235.4
235.4
1919—January...................
February................
March..*.................
April........................
M ay.........................
June........................
.071
.059
.051
.059
.064
.071
198.9
167.3
144.5
166.2
179.7
200,8
.276
.311
.338
.349
.341
.288
178.8
202.0
219.0
226.3
221.3
186.6
.343
.355
.355
.389
.378
.343
204.9
212.1
212.1
232.3
225. 5
204.6
39.500
42.000
46.500
33.500
29.500
23.500
299.2
318.1
352.2
253.8
223 5
178.0
9.688
8.063
7.375
7.875
7.875
7.781
242.8
202.1
184.9
197.4
197.4
195.0
.153
.153
.153
.150
.150
.150 i
235.4
235.4
235.4
230.8
230.8
230.8
.153
.153
.153
.150
.150
.150
235.4
235.4
235.4
230.8
230.8
230.8
Ju ly .........................
August....................
September..............
October...................
November..............
December...............
.078
.082
.085
.081
.094
219.7
231.5
238.9
229.0
265.9
245.1
.310
.310
.272
. 209
.188
201.2
201.2
176.4
135.6
122.1
140.8
.371
.339
.340
.310
.288
221.8
202.5
203.1
185.2
171.7
23.500
23.500
24.250
29.000
33.500
178.0
178.0
183.7
219.7
.279
166.5
3 9.000
7.525
8.875
8.425
7.844
7.781
7.750
188.0
222.5
211.2
196.6
195.0
194.3
. 150
230.8
. 150
230.8
.150 ; 230.8
.150
230. 8
.160 ! 246.2
.160 1 246.2
. 150
.150
.150
. 150
. 160 1
.160
230.8
230.8
230.8
230.8
246.2
246. 2
169.2
184.6
200.0
IMPOETANT
COMMODITIES.
253. 8
295.4
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
153.8
OF
.217
123.1
PRICES
(0
234.5
AVEEAGE
.08 7
246.5
239.4
.100
.100
.100
.100
.100
.152
111.5
175.7
228.2
i N o q u o t a t io n ,
00
CO
T able 9.—AVER AG E W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
_____________________._______________________________________ O
__________
Food. etc.
Butter.
Bread.
Loaf: before bak
ing, Chicago.
Year or month.
Cincinnati,
Rela Washington,
D. C., aver average
price
tive
price per per pound.
price. agepound.
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. pound.
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. pound.
§0.036
.036
.036
.036
. 036
89.0
89.0
89.0
89.0
89.0
90.032
.032
.032
.032
.032
75.5
75.5
75.5
75.5
75.5
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
......................
............
•
..........
.033
.036
.036
.036
.036
83.2
90.8
89.0
89.0
89.0
.032
.029
.032
.032
.032
75.5
67.7
75.5
75.5
75.5
1Q00
1901
1902
1903
1904
.036
.036
.036
.036
.036
89.0
89.0
89 0
• 89.0
90.8
.032
.032
.032
.032
.035
75.5
.
................
..................
............
75. o
75.5
82 5
1905
................
1906
___
1907
1908.............................................
1909 .
.
..........
.036
.036
.036
036
.038
89.0
89.0
89.0
89.0
34.2
.038
.038
.038
.040
.040
8S 7
88. 7
88. 7
94.3
94.3
1910
1911
. . .
..........
1912
1913
1914.............................................
.039
.039
.039
.040
.040
.042
.042
94.3
94.3
100.0
100.0
$0,043
$0.036
97.0
97.0
97.0
100.0
100.0
$0.032
(0
.041
104.0
$0.040
1915.......................................
.044
.010
112.4
.039
0)
.018
112.0
.041
0)
.040
i
.................... 1................
j
..............
!
.................... ..................
.................... 1.................
!
..........
!
I
1
I
1
.................... 1.................
j. . .
.
TO 1910.
.040
Rela
tive
pricc.
1
1
I
1
PRICES, 1800
- -- -................
..............
............
0)
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
I
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
........
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
pound.
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. pound.
Creamery: firsts,
Boston.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Loaf: before bak Loaf: before bak Loaf: before bak Creamery: extra,
ing, New
ing, San Fran
ing, New York.
Boston.
Orleans.
cisco.
Loaf: before baking—
1
$0.317
.294
100 0
92.6
$0.297
100.0
(l)
.273
91.7
0)
.293
92 2
.273
91.7
[ ................
. 012
.059
.069
.071
G)
G)
G)
G)
.331
. 415
.506
.598
105.4
130.8
159.6
188.6
.318
.403
.492
.578
107 1
135.5
165.4
194.3
.049
.049
.049
.064
.071
.071
138.2
138.2
138.2
179.8
199.7
199.7
.044
.044
.046
.053
. 061
.062
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
<l )
.057
.058
.063
.064
.074
.075
134.7
137.3
147.9
150.9
174.1
177.6
.046
.047
.047
.046
.064
.064
G)
G)
G)
G)
0)
G)
.383
.393
.398
. 443
.405
.391
120.7
123.7
125.3
139.5
127.7
123.4
.3G7
.374
.382
.433
.395
.381
1-23.3
125.9
128.5
145.7
132.7
12S.3
0)
G)
G)
G)
G)
.074
.074
.074
.080
.080
.062
207.3
207.3
207.3
224.7
224.7
174. 7
.060
.062
.060
.060
.060
064
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
0)
.075
.075
.075
.0^5
.075
.064
177. G
177.6
177.6
177.6
177.6
150.9
.064
.064
.064
.064
.064
.067
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
.391
.412
.444
.444
.436
452
123.4
129.9
139.9
140.0
137.5
142.4
.379
.401
.433
.433
.422
.440
127.6
134.7
145.7
145.6
141.9
148.0
.067
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
(O
G)
G)
(0
G)
G)
.062
.062
.062
.076
.076
.076
174.7
174.7
174.7
212.4
212.4
212.4
.060
.060
.060
.064
.064
.064
G)
G)
G)
0)
0)
0)
.064
.064
.064
.078
.078
.078
150.9
150.9
150.9
183.5
183.5
183.5
.070
.070
.070
.070
.070
.070
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
(2)
.495
.450
.428
.444
.441
156.1
141.9
134.8
140.0
139.1
.475
.491
.441
.419
.437
.429
159.6
165.3
148.2
141.1
146.8
144.4
July..........
August —
September
October. . .
November.
December.
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
(O
G)
G)
0)
G)
0)
.076
.076
.076
076
.076
.076
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
.064
.064
.068
.068
.068
.068
0)
G)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.078
.078
.074
.074
.074
.074
183.5
183.5
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
.069
.069
.069
.069
.069
069
G)
G)
G)
G)
f1)
G)
.448
.463
.539
.587
.616
.665
141.2
145.8
169.9
185.1
194.3
209.6
.437
.448
.522
.574
.598
.640
147.0
150.5
175. 5
193.1
201.2
215 3
1P19—January...
February..
March.......
A pril........
May..........
June..........
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
0)
G)
G)
(O
G)
0)
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
076
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
.068
.068
.068
.068
068
.068
0)
(O
(1)
(1)
(0
.074
.074
.074
.074
.074
.075
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
175.7
.069
.069
.069
.069
.069
.069
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
.616
.500
.610
.644
.583
.521
194.2
157.6
192.3
203.0
183.7
164.4
.599
.475
.594
.635
.573
.511
201.5
159.8
199.9
213.6
192.6
172.0
July..........
August —
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
(l)
0)
0)
0)
G)
0)
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
.076
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
212.4
.068
.068
.068
.068
.076
.076
G)
0)
C)
G)
G)
G)
.075
.075
.075
.075
.075
.079
175.7
175.7
175.7
175.7
175.7
185. 8
.069
.069
.069
.069
.082
.082
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
G)
.532
.551
.575
.632
.678
.702
167.7
173.8
181.3
199.2
213.6
221.3
.539
.538
.551
.594
.641
.651
181.8
180.3
185.4
199.8
215. 7
219.0
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
. or>s
. or,s
. 058
. 058
.075
.075
0)
G)
0)
G)
Jujy..........
August
September.
October. . .
November
December.
.075
.073
.073
.073
. 073
(2)
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
v
(*)
G)
1 No relative price computed.
aNo quotation.
COMMODITIES,
.018 1 112.5
.069
163.4
.073
171.9
.074
175.5
IMPORTANT
G)
0)
(3)
G)
f1)
(l)
G)
G)
OF
.040
.056
.065
.069
JH7
PRICES
126.1
186.8
203.1
212.4
. ntis
.075
. 076
AVERAGE
. 045
.067
.072
.076
1PJ6....................
191 7
191 8
191 9
Table
!) .- - A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D IT IE S ,
1890 T O
14^
LO
1 9 1 9 - C o n t in u e d .
F o o d , o ti’.
Butter.
Creamery: extra,
Chicago.
Average
price per
pound.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
4
1
;
:
i
1
i
!
I
i
i
1
1915.
1916.
i
1
1
I
. i
j
i
1
1
" .......... i . j - ; .......................
________ ._______I ______ 1______
!
!
!
............... i.............
i
' 1
i
1
1
i
j
I
100.0
89.1
$0,310
.287
100.0
92.6
$0,297
.273
100.0
92.0
$0,276
.252
100.0
91.3
.251
.302
91.2
109.9
.284
.325
91.4
104.8
.274
.318
92.4
107.1
.254
.301
92.3
109.3
i
1
...............!.............
i
.........j.............
i
i
1
i
!
I
I
!
.
$0,275
.245
i
i
)
1
!
!
!
!
1"
...............1.............1................ 1.............
________!_______:_________I_______
!
1
i
!
1
!
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
1919.
1
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
............... I.............
!
I
...............,............ 1............... 1............
j
1
............
1
1
|
1
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Creamery: fancy,
New Orleans.
TO
1900.1
1901.
1902.
1903.;
1904.
1
I
i
i
Creamery: cen
tralized seconds,
Cincinnati.
1890
1895
1896.
1897..
1898..
1899.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
i
I
!
!
1
1905.
1906.
1907.
190S.
1909.i
Creamery: cen
tralized firsts,
Cincinnati.
Creamery: firsts, Creamery: extra,
Chicago.
Cincinnati.
PEICES,
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
Rela
tive
price.
Creamery: extra
firsts, Chicago.
j
1
____ I.
1 ____
100.0
94.5
$0,302
.269
100.0
89.1
$0.256
.222
100.0
86.6
$6.33$
.310
100.0
94.1
93.3
.324
.365 1 105.2
.265
.306
87. 7
101.4
.230
.276
89.8
107.8
.313
. 356
93.2
106.0
$0,347
.328
WHOLESALE
Creamery:
seconds, Boston.
Year or month.
. 403
.486
.561
135. 9
163- 6
189.0
. 383
.473
.552
138. *
171.0
200.2
. 441
.533
.022
127.1
153.7
179.3
. 386
.487
.571
127.9
161.3
189.2
.35S
.474
.503
139.8
185.5
220.3
.441
.526
.623
131.3
156.4
185.3
Itl7—January...
February..
March.__
April........
May.........
June........
,351
,358
,360
.418
.382
,365
127.5
130.0
133.2
151.8
138.7
132.7
.380
.407
.400
.428
.390
.382
122.4
131.1
128.9
137.7
125.6
123.0
.368
.397
.394
.420
.379
.376
124.0
133.7
132.8
141.5
127.8
126.7
.347
*359
.365
.407
.367
.366
125.8
130.2
132.5
147.8
133.2
132.7
.424
.448
.440
.483
.422
.410
122.2
129.0
126.8
139.0
121.6
118.2
.364*
.388
.380
.423
.362
.350
120.6
128.4
125.9
140.0
119.9
116.0
.334
.358
.350
.395
.332
.320
130.6
139.8
136.9
154.5
129.8
125.1
.413
.438
.434
.465
.420
.429
122.9
130.2
129.1
138.4
125.0
127.6
July.........
August....
September.
October...
November.
December.
366
,387
419
,420
,408
,415
133.2
140.7
152.3
152.5
148.4
150.9
.376
.400
.425
.431
.442
.481
121.2
128.8
136.9
138.9
142.4
154.8
.370
.394
.420
.425
.433
.468
124.6
132.6
141.6
143.1
145.7
157.5
.361
.383
.410
.411
.403
.429
131.1
138.9
148.7
149.0
140.4
155.6
.400
.423
.450
.456
. 405
.503
115.3
121.8
129.7
131.4
134.0
145.0
.340
.3^>
.405
.411
.420
.458
112.7
121.4
134.2
136.2
139.2
151.9
.310
.335
.378
.386
.395
. 433
121.2
131.0
147.6
151.0
154.5
169.5
.405
.421
.454
.459
.469
.505
120.5
125.3
135.2
136.4
139.5
150.3
1918—January...
February..
March......
April........
May.........
June.. —
452
475
,428
,399
408
410
164.4
172.7
155.7
145,0
148.4
149.1
.486
.489
.443
.415
.420
.420
156.7
157.5
142.6
133.5
135.3
135.3
. 479
.484
.434
.406
.414
.419
161.3
163.2
146.3
136.6
139.6
141.1
. 457
.469
.426
.384
.396
.402
165.8
170.4
154.7
139.5
143.8
145.9
153.0
.531
.535
154.7
.483
139.0
.459
132.3
.466 i 134.4
.460 | 132.6
.486
.489
.433
.409
.416
.413
161.0
162.0
143.3
135.5
137.9
136.7
.461
.465
.423
.399
.406
.403
180.3
181.9
165.2
156.0
158.9
157.4
.523
.525
.486
.450
.451
.446
155.6
156.2
144.7
133.9
134.3
132.8
July.........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
421
430
486
534
568
004
153.1
156.4
176.8
194.2
206.4
219.6
.432
.443
.537
.554
.610
.670
139.1
142.6
173.0
178.4
196.5
215.7
.429
.446
.545
. 552
.594
.628
144.6
150.1
183.6
186.1
199.9
211.6
.417
.433
.528
.540
.586
.625
151.4
157.0
191.6
196.0
212.5
226.9
. 466
.478
.558
. 596
.643
.704
134.3
137.6
160.7
171.8
185.2
202.9
.421
.433
.513
.551
.598
.659
139.5
143.3
169.8
182.6
198.0
218.4
.411
.423
.503
.541
.588
.649
160.7
165.2
196.5
211.6
229.8
253.8
.464
.478
.519
.606
.634
.700
138.1
142.1
154.4
180.3
188.6
208.3
1^19—January...
February..
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
575
450
573
622
557
497
209.1
163.6
208.4
226.0
202.5
180.7
.618
.493
.602
.615
. 556
.513
199.1
158.6
193.9
198.1
179.2
165.3
.593
.456
.584
.614
.557
.506
199.8
153.7
196.5
206.7
187.6
170.5
.603
.451
.567
.607
.544
.491
218.7
163.6
205.6
220.3
197.5
178.1
.656
.518
.635
.663
.606
.551
189.1
149.1
183.0
191.1
174.7
158.9
.611
.463
.580
.608
.551
.500
202.6
153.2
192.2
201.5*
182.7
165.7
.601
.453
.570
.598
.541
*491
235.2
177.0
222.9
233.9
211.7
192.1
.673
.523
.625
.638
.615
.568
200.1
155.5
186.0
189.8
183.0
168.8
July.........
August___
September.
October__
November.
December.
502
513
520
549
600
610
182.5
186.4
189.1
199.6
218.2
221.8
.512
.533
. 569
.646
. 080
.681
164.9
171.6
183.3
m o
221.1
219.2
.504
. 522
.541
.599
. 032
.024
169.7
175.8
182.2
201.7
212.8
210.2
.487
176.7
.514
186.4
.526* 190-8
.583
211.4
.024 ! 226.5
. 015
223.2
.543
.568
.002
.678
.718
.719
150.5
103.5
173.5
195.2
206.8
207.2
.493
.518
.552
*.628
.668
.671
163.4
171.5
182.9
207.9
221.2
222.3
.488
.513
.547
.623
.663
.663
190.8
200.4
213.9
243.4
259.1
259.3
.556
.569
.596
.670
.716
.722
165.4
169.2
177.3
199.3
213.1
214.8
COMMODITIES,
132. 1
159.3
188.7
IMPORTANT
.ill
. 495
.586
OE
140.9
169.7
199.8
PRICES
.388
,407
.550
AVERAGE
1917 .
1918 ,
1019....................
oo
T able 9 .—A VER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
____________
_
______
__
_
____________
.
Food, etc.
Butter.
Year or mouth.
Creamery: choice, Creamery : extra,
New Orleans.
New 1rork.
Rela
tive
price.
$0 .228
.259
.2 6 2
.270
.229
.214
1900.............................................!................
1901.............................................:................
1902.............................................:................
1903..............................................................
190 4
j................
. 225
.216
GG.3
57.1
58.8
60-6
65.9
$0.195
.238
.235
.252
.209
64.3
78.3
77.3
82.9
.188
61 9
54.8
55.4
57.5
64.6
.107
.108
.175
.197
.219
.232
.215
.197
09.6
06.0
70.3
70.7
64.8
190 5
. !
1906........................................... 1 ............
1907........................................... i ............
1908.............................................'................
1909_______ _____ ___________ I________
.249
.249
.283
.271
.292
77. 2
77.2
87.8
84.1
90-5
.234
.233
.267
.245
•205
76. 9
70.5
87.9
80.0
87.3
1910............................................
1911................. .........................
1912.............................................
1913.............................................
1914.............................................
93.2
82.6
97.3
.291
.257
.300
.304
.279
95.6
84.0
98.7
1915.............................................
1916.............................................|
$0,321
.302
1 0 0 .0
93.9
. 301
.267
.314
.323
.299
.301
.347
93.7
108.1
.299
.341
1 0 0 .0
92.8
92.7
105.7
.2 1 2
.2 0 1
.282
.327 j
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
p.ound.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Rela
tive
price.
6 8 .8
69.6
67.1
76.9
72.8
67.9
.248
. 235
Rela
tive
price.
*
1919,
.184
.190
.195
.213
70. G
80.2
81.0
83.8
70.9
Average
price per
pound.
Creamery: firsts,
Philadelphia.
TO
1890.............................................;.............................
1897..............................................................
1898___________________ ____ J _________:_______
1899.............................................!................
Rela
tive
price.
Creamery: extra
firsts, Philadelphia.
PRICES, 1890
1890.............................................
1891....... ....................................
1892.............................................1................
1893.............................................1................
1894.............................................!................
Average
price per
pound.
Creamery: sec Creamery: extra,
onds, New York.
Philadelphia.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Cream
Dairy:
ery:
New
firsts,
Rela
York
New
tive
State,
York,
price.
average average
price per price per
pound.
pound.
$0.301
.279
1 0 0 .0
$0,278
.251
1 0 0 .0
93.1
$0,313
.291
1 0 0 .0
92.9
$0.300
.276
1 0 0 .0
90.2
$0.326
.303
1 0 0 .0
92.6
.282
.327
93.5
108.6
.257
.308
92.6
.302
.346
92.6
106.2
.289
.333
92.2
106.4
.275
.321
91.8
107.2
1 1 0 .8
92.1
132.2
158.8
189.0
.419
.507
.598
133.8
161.7
190.7
.406
.490
.563
135.5
163.4
188- 0
1 2 1 .2
.379
.403
.395
.433
.396
.382
125.6
133.5
131.0
143.7
131.5
126.8
.349
.366
.366
.413
.380
.367
125.6
131.6
131.6
148-7
136.6
132.2
.405
.444
.420
.445
.410
.403
124.3
136.4
128.9
136.5
125.8
123.7
.388
.414
.408
.433
.400
.393
123.6
132.0
130.2
138.0
127.6
125.4
.368
.378
.390
.423
.390
.387
122.7
126.2
130.2
141.0
130-2
129.2
120.9
128.6
137.2
138.1
141.8
153.1
.383
.405
. 433
.436
.438
.463
127.2
134.4
143.5
144.6
145.4
153.4
.368
.386
.416
.420
.411
.421
132.4
138.8
149.6
151.3
148.1
151.4
.400
.420
.446
.446
.451
.488
122.7
128.9
136.9
136.9
138.4
149.6
.390
.410
.438
.441
.444
.477
124.4
130.8
139.8
140.8
141.8
152.3
.383
.400
.432
.435
.436
.454
127-7
133.5
144.2
145.2
145.4
151.5
.521
.509
. *46
.438
.457
.440
161.6
158.0
138.2
135.9
141.8
136.3
.499
.496
.437
.424
.444
.427
165.6
164.7
144.9
140.8
147.2
141.5
.460
.474
.421
.398
.406
.399
165.4
170.8
151.4
143.1
146.0
143.8
.528
.518
.454
.440
.453
.444
161.9
158.8
139.3
135.0
139.0
136.2
.503
.499
.447
.432
.443
.436
160.3
159.2
142.6
137.8
141.4
139.0
.478
.480
.440
.423
.411
•423
159.4
160-2
146.9
141.0
137-2
141.0
142.2
146.6
158.3
185.8
194.1
215.0
.448
.460
.546
.590
.631
.685
138.8
169.2
182.8
195.5
212.4
.438
.448
.526
.575
.606
.658
145.2
148.5
174.6
190.8
149.9
153.7
175.3
197.3
218.3
.417
.427
.487
.548
.563
•604
217.4
.450
.463
.563
.594
.631
.690
138.1
142.1
172.6
182.2
193.6
211.7
.445
.458
.556
.586
.619
.675
142.0
146.0
177.3
187.1
197.5
215.3
.436
.449
.538
.563
.594
.634
145.4
149.7
179.4
187.8
198-3
211.5
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June.........
.665
.513
.616
.628
.605
.561
206.9
159.5
191.8
195.4
188.2
174.6
.618
.513
.608
.640
.572
.525
191.5
159.2
188.6
198.3
177.3
162.7
.599
.483
.589
.628
.559
.513
198.7
160.1
195.4
208.4
185.4
170.3
.567
.438
.554
-607
.538
.494
204.1
157,7
199.4
218.3
193.5
177.8
.612
.531
.633
.658
.596
.538
187.8
163.0
194.1
201.7
182.9
164.9
.598
.517
.620
.645
.584
.528
190.8
164.9
197.8
205.8
186.2
168.3
.570
.479
.596
.627
. 564
•508
190-3
159.8
199.0
209.2
188-1
169.4
July..........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
.546
.560
. 587
.658
.706
.712
169.9
174 2
182.6
204.6
219.8
221.5
.529
.550
.590
.676
.709
.722
163.9
170.5
182.8
209.7
.514
.533
555
619
659
664
170.5
176.9
184.1
205.5
218.6
.492
.506
.511
.544
.578
.582
176.9
182.3
183.8
196.0
207.9
209.5
.535
.566.600
.683
.716
.729
164.2
173.7
184.1
209.6
219.6
223.6
.525
.558
.588
.653
.675
.685
167.5
177.9
187.5
208.4
215.4
218.6
.509
.535
.552
.582
.609
.631
169.8
178.6
184.2
194.3
203.2
210.7
1917— January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June.........
.406
.428
.425
.459
.410
.421
126.3
133.0
132.0
142.8
127.6
131.1
.404
.432
.415
.445
.406
.391
125.1
133.9
128.8
137.9
125.9
July..........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
.399
.414
.449
.454
.460
.498
124.1
128.7
139.8
141.3
143.1
154.8
.390
.415
.443
.446
.457
.494
1918— January.. .
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June.........
.516
.519
.481
.444
.444
.441
160.5
161.4
149.8
138.1
138.1
137.3
July..........
A ugust___
September
October...
November.
December.
.457
.471
.509
.597
.624
.691
1919— January. . .
1 4 2 .6
2 2 0 .0
223.9
2 0 1 .0
2 2 0 .1
2 0 2 .6
COMMODITIES,
.431
.517
.616
.411
.500
IMPORTANT
139.6
168.7
192.6
132.3
160.1
187.7
OF
•388
.469
.535
.427
.516
.605
PRICES
136.4
165.9
191.5
135.0
161.3
190.9
AVERAGE
.411
.500
.577
.434
.519
.614
191 7
191 8
191 9
Table
9 .— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S
O F C O M M O D I T I E S , 1890 T O
1 019— C o n t in u e d .
cn>
Food, etc.
Canned goods.
Butter.
Creamery: extra, Creamery: firsts,
San Francisco.
San Francisco.
Creamery.
Year or month.
.206
.179
.184
.189
.208
1905......................
1906...................
1907.................
1908........................
1909.............................
.243
.246
.276
.269
.289
78.9
79.9
89.7
87.5
94.0
1910................................
1911................................
1912................................
1913................................
.298
.264
.297
.308
96.7
85.9
96.9
100.0
New York
standard,
average
price per
dozen
cans.
Rela
tive
pricc.
Western,
No. 5
sieve,
average
price per
dozen
cans.
Republic,
No. 2,
sifted,
average
price per
dozen
cans.
Rela
tive
pricc.
Average
prico per
dozen
cans.
Rela
tive
pricc.
!
\
.
I
1
I
!
1
i
j
. .
$0,317
1
.......... ......................
i
i
i
1
1
!
i
i
s
!
i
I
i
1
ioo.o!
1019.
70.8
68.7
78.4
74.8
70.8
.2 1 1
........... t...............
j
..........I.
1 ............ 1
______ I______ : i_______i__________
i •
I
67.1
58.3
59.7
61.3
67.4
.241
.230
.218
.218
Republic,
No. 2,
fancy,
average
price per
dozen
cans.
1
1
72.7
81.3
82.2
83.9
71.3
1900...................................
1901...................
1902...................
1903........................
1904...................................
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
TO
1895........................
1896...................
1897..............................
1898.........................
1899......................
SO. 224
.250
.253
.258
.219
Rela
tive
pricc.
PRICES, 1890
1890........................
1891......................
1892.................................
1893..............................
1894...................................
Average
price per
pound.
$0,296
100.0
$0.900
.908
94.3
95. 2
$1.383
1.400
.983
1.075
.950
.954
103.0
112 . 6
99.6
100.0
1.383
1.500
1.625
1. 596
WHOLESALE
Louis,
Elgin,111., St.Mo.,
average average Rela
tive
price per price per pricc.
pound.
pound.
Tomatoes:
standard New
Jersey, No. 3.
Peas.
Corn.
86 .7
87. 7
SI. 079
.963
83.0
74.0
86 . 7
94.0
.921
1.115
1.417
1.300
70.8
85.8
109.0
100.0
1 0 1 .8
100.0
$0. 815
94.0
l.OOS
77.6
82.7
91.5
125.5
165.7
190.1
. 7S1
.850
1.615
1.777
1.750
.730
.779
1.323
1.504
1.466
84.2
90.0
152.7
173.5
169.2
.988
1.246
1.900
2.239
2.050
76.0
95.8
146.2
172.2
157.7
.359
.380
.354
.378
.356
.358
113.2
119.8
111.6
119.0
112.3
112.7
1.225
1.350
1.375
1.550
1.600
1.700
193.2
212. 8
216.8
244.4
252.3
268.0
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.275
1.325
1.425
121.2
121.2
121.2
146.7
152.9
164.4
1.400
1.500
1.650
1.800
2.000
2.000
107.7
115.4
126.9
138.5
153.8
153.8
AVEBAGE
121.4
129.1
138.5
140.8
144.0
155.7
.388
.424
.439
.455
.425
.471
122.2
133.7
138.4
143.5
134.0
148.6
1.625
1.700
1.700
1.700
1.925
1.925
256.1
268.0 ...................
268.0
268.0
303.5
303.5
1.425
1.425
1.425
1.425
1.500
1.500
164.4
164.4
164.4
164.4
173.1
173.1
2.050
2.050
2.100
2.100
2.050
2.100
157.7
157.7
161.5
161.5
157.7
161.5
PEICES
.505
.502
.460
.428
.425
.425
163.4
162.4
148.9
138.6
137.6
137.6
.531
.514
.481
.398
.422
.461
167.5
162.0
151.8
125.4
133.1
145.5
1.925
1.925
1.700
1.700
1.713
1.725
303.5
303.5
268.0
268.0
270.0
271.9
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.575
1.650
173.1
173,1
173.1
173.1
181.7
190.4
2.320
2.350
2.350
2.150
2.200
2.300
178.5
180.8
180.8
165.4
169.2
176.9
.445
.460
.533
.580
.606
.670
144.0
148.9
172.4
187.7
196.1
216.8
.511
.525
.579
.631
.608
.643
161.2
165.6
182.5
199.0
191.6
202.6
8
1.750
1.750
275.9
275.9
C1)
C1)
1.450
1.450
1.450
1.450
167.3
167.3
167.3
167.3
2.300
2.300
2.200
2.200
2.150
2.050
176.9
176.9
169.2
169.2
165.4
157.7
February..
March___
April........
May..........
June..........
.040
.485
.608
.636
.568
.503
207.1
157.0
196.8
205.9
183.8
162.6
.586
.538
.584
.573
184.8
169.5
184.1
180.5
188.6
177.0
1.750
1.750
1.750
0)
0)
C1)
276.0
276.0
276.0
1.450
1.450
1.400
1.350
1.350
J.350
167.3
187.3
161.5
155.8
155.8
155.8
July............
August.......
September..
October--November.'.
December..
. 505
.533
.559
.638
.688
.688
163.4
172.3
180.8
206.3
222.6
222.5
. 570
. 573
.633
. 663
.674
. »>7S
179.8
180.5
199.5
209.1
212.5
213.7
0)
0)
(>)
(!)
(>)
1.350
1. 588
1. 650
I. 550
1.550
1.550
155.8
183.2
190.4
178.9
17s. 9
17S. 9
.262
.290
.398
.525
.603
.383
.405
.414
123.7
131.1
134.0
141.6
123.0
124.6
.375
.399
.428
.435
.445
.481
February..
March.......
A pril........
M a y .......
June..........
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
1917— January...
February..
March.......
A pril........
M ay.. . . . . .
June..........
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October*.. . .
November..
December..
1918—January...
1919— January..
$0,329
.415
.502
85.5
0)
i N o q u o ta t
V
M
a)
0)
P>
C1)
2.000
2.050
2.100
2.050
C O M M O D IT Y
92.5
106.4
134.3
162.5
190.7
IMPORTANT
93.6
.285
.327
OF
111.3
123.2
134.0
254.5
280.0
276.0
.288
1915.
1916.
19171918.
1919.
1.091
1.500
$0.725
1914.
153. S
157.7
161. 5
157. 7
-5
Table 9 .—AVER AGE W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
_________________________________________
_________________
__________
. . __
____
________
___
OO
Food , etc.
Cheese.
Year or month.
Eggs.
Whole milk:
California flats: Coffee: Rio, No. 7.
Whole milk:
American twins, colored, average, fancy, San Fran
fancy, New York.
Chicago.
cisco.
62.2
65.6
68.7
69.8
68.8
$0.179
. 3.67
.143
.172
.165
161.1
150.1
128.5
154.8
148.6
1895.................* ....................
1896.......................................
1897.......................................
1898.......................................
1899............... •......................
.093
.091
.097
.082
. 108
60.3
58.9
62.8
53.3
69. 8
.159
.123
.079
.063
.060
143.0
110.8
71.2
56.9
54.3
1900.....................................
1901..................................
1902............... ;.....................
1903.......................................
1904.......................................
. 113
. 101
.113
. 122
. 102
73.2
65.6
73.1
79.0
66.1
.082
.065
.059
.056
.078
73 9
58.0
52.7
50.2
70 3
74 8
72 9
59.1
56.4
70.4
85. 5
120.5
131.4
1905.......................................
1906.......................................
1907..................................
1908.......................................
1909.......................................
.121
. 131
. 141
.136
.149
78.6
85. 2
91.8
88.5
96. 4
.083
.081
.066
.063
.078
1910.......................................
1911.......................................
1912.......................................
1913......................................
1914.......................................
$0.142
.144
102.0
90.9
106.7
.095
.134
.146
101.4
.157
.140
.165
.154
.152
1915.......................................
1916.......................................
.142
.174
100.4
123.0
.151
.181
100.0
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
dozen.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
I
i
!
j
j
1
i
1
i
............ j................
.I
i
1919.
$0.096
. 101
.106
.108
.106
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
dozen.
Rela Average
tive
price per
dozen.
price.
TO
1890........................................................
1891.......................................1................
1892...................................... 1________
1893.......................................
1894.......................................
Rela Average Rela Average
tive
price per tive price per
price. pound. . pricc. pound.
Candled: western,
New Orleans.
PRICES, 1890
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Firsts: fresh,
Cincinnati.
98.5
$0.159
.148
100.0
93.0
.111
100.0
.082
73.3
$5.252
.263
ioo.o
104.7
$0.226
.233
ioo.o
103.3
$0,224
100.0
.234
104.4
$0,234
.235
100.0
99.9
117.1
.132
.156
82.5
97.9
.075
.092
66.9
83.0
.251
.291
100.0
115.8
.227
.262
100.6
115.9
.224
.273
100.0
122.2
.234
.244
100.0
103.9
100.0
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Firsts: fresh,
Chicago.
Firsts: western,
Boston.
100.3
133.6
174.8
204.2
.093
.094
.179
83.3
84.0
160.4
,400
,483
,530
159.0
192.1
210.9
.365
.443
.485
161.6
196.2
214.7
.382
.453
.500
170.7
202.3
223.5
.309
.409
.397
132.0
174.7
169.5
.218
.239
.231
.238
.224
153.9
151.6
168.8
162.8
168.1
157.8
.224
.242
.288
.249
.259
.230
145.4
157.0
187.2
161.8
168.1
149.3
.179
.196
.205
.208
.219
.211
112.2
123.1
128.6
130.2
137.4
132.6
.100
.098
.095
.101
.104
87.6
89.8
87.6
85.4
91.0
93.3
.450
.431
.308
.343
.357
.330
178.9
171.5
122.3
136.4
141.9
131.2
.411
.415
.275
.319
.338
.313
181.8
183.7
121.9
141.4
149.7
138.7
.458
.422
.266
.314
.335
.312
204.7
188.6
119.0
140.5
149.8
139.4
.368
.339
.246
.287
.273
.254
157.1
144.6
104.8
122.4
116.3
108.6
Ju ly.........
August.. .
September
October...
November
December.
.211
.218
.239
.237
.229
.223
148.8
154.0
168.4
167.3
161.4
157.1
.228
.229
.247
.242
.226
.230
147.6
148.7
160.0
157.0
146.4
149.1
.198
.223
.229
.223
.230
.230
123.9
139.9
143.5
139.6
144.3
144.3
.095
.091
.091
.085
.079
.076
'85.4
82.0
82.0
76.4
71.3
67.9
.343
.370
.409
.407
.491
.565
136.2
147.1
162.5
161.8
195.3
224.6
.318
.339
.374
.372
.432
.484
140.6
150.0
165.8
164.5
191.3
214.3
.336
.365
.404
.406
.471
.530
150.2
163.2
180.5
181.5
210.7
236.9
.232
.278
.333
.334
.351
.425
98.8
118.4
141.9
142.6
149.9
181.4
1918— January...
February.
March___
April........
M ay.........
June.........
.234
.258
.239
.213
.213
.220
165.1
181.6
168.4
149.9
150.1
154.9
.235
.258
.235
.225
.223
.232
152.5
167.7
152.5
146.0
144.8
150.5
. 255
.255
.256
.266
.221
.244
160.0
160.0
160.8
167.1
138.6
152.9
.085
.084
.089
.090
.027
.084
76.6
75.8
80.1
81.1
78.3
75.6
,628
, 571
.385
.357
.353
,348
249.7
227.2
153.1
141.9
140.4
138.2
.581
.508
.347
.330
.322
.316
257.4
225.0
153.8
146.3
142.7
140.1
.624
.514
.331
.328
.315
.336
278.9
229.7
148.1
146.6
140.8
150.0
.489
.453
.310
.311
.306
.288
208.7
193.1
132.3
132.7
130.7
123.0
J u ly .........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
.229
.246
.279
.338
.333
.350
161.8
173.5
196.6
238.6
234.5
246.8
.245
.256
.274
.321
.327
159.2
166.1
178.1
208.2
212.1
233.3
.290
.309
.313
164.7
181.9
193.7
196.4
205.5
222.0
.086
.085
.096
.104
.107
.173
76.8
76.6
86.2
93.4
96.0
155.0
.410
.423
,456
,545
,646
,675
163.0
168.0
181.4
216. 7
257.0
268.4
.374
.385
.431
.497
.606
.624
165.4
170.5
190.7
220.1
268.5
276.1
.371
.388
.445
.504
.605
.624
165.8
173.2
198.9
225.3
270.5
278.9
.323
.363
.389
.486
.553
.577
137.9
154.7
165.9
207.4
235.8
246.3
1919— January...
February.
March___
April........
M ay.........
June.........
.363
.263
.294
.296
.304
.299
256.3
185. 5
207.3
208.5
214.6
210.7
.357
.298
.323
.319
.320
231.6
193.4
209.3
206.7
207.5
200.4
.315
.289
.318
.310
.312
.295
197.6
181. 2
199.2
194.5
195. 7
185.1
.155
.154
.160
.170
.193
.211
139.0
138.7
143.9
152.3
173.5
189.9
629
446
421
437
468
431
250.1
177.2
167.5
173.6
186.1
171.5
.579
.379
.389
.403
.428
.404
256.6
168.0
172.3
178.3
189.5
178.8
.588
.374
.381
.407
.421
.398
262.6
167.4
170.5
181.9
188.3
177.7
.563
.368
.358
.371
.378
.390
240.1
156.8
152.6
158.3
161.1
166.5
J uly.........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
.311
.302
.282
.283
.305
219.5
212.8
199.0
199.2
215.1
213.5
.317
.305
.300
.307
.319
.312
205.4
198.1
194.5
199.2
206.9
202.7
.330
.359
.365
.340
.348
.328
207.0
225.1
229.0
213.3
218.0
205.5
.230
.215
.166
.165
.170
.152
206.9
193.2
149.4
148.2
152.5
136.4
454
458
470
612
666
803
180.5
181.9
186.9
243. 3
264.9
319.3
.416
.419
.457
.569
.633
.733
184.4
185.5
202.4
252.2
280.1
324.4
.440
.450
.502
.610
.668
.738
196.7
201.2
224.4
272.7
298.4
329.9
.375
.380
C1)
I1)
I1)
160.1
162.2
146726°— 20— Bull. 269-
1917— January...
February.
March___
April........
M ay.........
June.........
.215
i No quotation.
i})
COMMODITIES.
.213
.279
.326
IMPORTANT
156.3
173.7
204.4
OF
.241
.268
.315
PRICES
160.0
186.2
211.9
AVERAGE
.227
.264
.301
191 7
191 8
191 9
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES; 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Food, etc.
F ish .
Extra firsts:
western,
Philadelphia,
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
dozen.
50 5
00. 1
0(1,3
08,8
50,2
1896....................................
1897....................................
1898....................................
1 8 9 9 .,................................
.200
.174.
.172
.182
.199
01 3
53 3
52. 0
55. 0
01.0
1900....................................
1901..................................
1902....................................
1903....................................
1904....................................
.198
.210
.241
.242
. 205
04,1
73,7
74.0
81.1
i
1905..................................
1900....................................
1 9 0 7 ..,...............................
1908,..................................
1969..................... .............. '
.271
. 202
.277
.279
.315
83.0
80.0
84.8
85 3
90 3
i
...............1.............
1910....................................
19U ....................................1
. 320
. 29S 1
99.7
91.1
1
.......... I .............. 1 .
...
1
1
.............................1......... ;*
$5.077
0. 7297.052
0 .38Q
5.953
71.2
84.4
88.5
80.0
74.7
$3.525
4.707
2.938
3.813
3.390
i
............■................1............
5.521
4,208
4.521
4,007
69.3
52,8
50.7
58,0
04,5
3.150
3.354
3.035
4.208
5.031
5-302
5.990
5-094
5.805
7.281
00,5
5.083
4.979
4.900
5.729
i
i
75,5
91.3
04,0
73. 0
7,390
7. m
7.740
7.302
7.021
0.000 92,9
95.4
97,1
91,0
88.1
0.938
7. 958
87,J
99, 9
0.344
0.150
54.9
73.3
45.8
69.4
52.9
|
i
1
1...................
49,1
62.2
56,0
05.5
78.4
79,2
77.0
70.4
89.3
85.0
$7,268
7,083
7.068
7,813
ft, SOI
93.5
98.9
m s
94,1
93.0
07.2
91.2
1919.
$0.195
.21(5
.2 )7
.m
.184
Newfound
land, split,
large H o.l, Rela
N ew York tive
market,
price.
average
price per
barrel.
PEICES, 1890. TO
shore
Dry, bank, Large
Dry,
Nova
Shore,
large, New (pickled,
Scotia,
bank*
cured),
round,
large,
York
split,
Gloucester
Rela Boston
Rela Moston
market*
tive
market, Boston,
market,
tive
average
price. average market,
average
price. market,
average
average price per
price per
price per price
per
price per hundred hundred
barrel.
barrel.
weight.
quintal.
weight.
1890....................................
1891....................................
1892....................................
1893....................................
J894..................................
Herring.
Cod.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
New
laid: fair Firsts:
fresh
to fancy,
near-by, gathered,
Rela
New
New
tive
York,
York,
price.
average
Average
average
price per
price per price per
dozen.
dozen.
dozen.
Fresh: selected,
pullets’, San
Francisco.
191 2
191 3
100.0
106.7
.278
.257
.293
.401
.48 7
.529
103.2
117.6
161.2
195.6
212.3
183.9
174,5
May..
June..
.458
.434
.304
.341
.355
.333
July..........
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
8.104
$7.948
7. 813
$6.708
7.000
101. 7 j
100. 0
104.4
.27 2
.301
.406
.499
.553
103.3
114.3
154.1
189.4
209.6
.266
.278
.362
.515
.531
9 9 .2 j
103.9
135.3
192.3
198.2
7.417
8 .0 42
8 .9 42
10.033
9.888
119.9
133.3
149.6
147.4
137.1
142.5
133.9
.468
.451
.311
.346
,358
.348
177.4
171.2
118.0
131.4
135.6
132.0
.354 i
.304
.234
.288
.299
.286
132.1 |
113.4 )
8 7 .3
107.4
106.9
8 .250
8 .500
8 .500
8.6 50
8.7 50
8 .900
.34 6
.386
.408
.406
.489
. 566
139.0
155.1
163.7
163.1
196.3
227.4
.360
.388
.420
.420
,483
.558
130.6
147.0
159.3
159.3
183.1
211.6
.324
.391
.433
.443
.508
.459
120.9
146.0
161.5
165. 2
189.7
171.3
June....... .
. 651
.5 8 7
.381
.350
.346
. 351
261.2
235,7
153.1
140.4
m i
141.1
.62 5
,608
.372
.368
.357
.387
237.1
230.5
141.1
139.4
135.4
146.8
.581
.431
.38 0
.383
.38 3
.390
217.0
157.3
141.8
142.8
143.0
145.6
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.40 7
.42 9
.461
.53 2
.641
.66 7
163.3
172.2
185.3
213.7
257.6
267.7
.4 2 8
.464
.49 5
.559
.67 3
.690
162.2
176.0
187.8
212.0
.4 4 6
.511
.574
.65 5
255.3
261.8
.666
.773
166.7
190.8
2 14.3
244.6
248,8
288,5
.62 0
.434
.417
.424
.458
.43 8
249.0
174.2
167.4
170.1
184.0
175.9
.63 2
.441
.412
.436
.46 6
.46 5
239.8
167.4
156.3
165.5
176.8
176.4
.57 7
.374
.39 9
,451
.48 7
.4 4 6
215.5
139.6
148.9
1 68.5
181.9
166.7
10.900
10,900
9,750
9.500
9,500
162.5
162.5
150.6
145,4
141.6
141.6
.46 2
.483
.518
.616
185.5
193.8
208.0
247.2
275. 6
310.8
. 510
.520
.545
.652
.733
.805
193.5
197.3
206.8
247.3
277.9
305. 4
.47 3
.53 9
.58 3
.6 3 2
.684
.71 5
176.6
217.5
236. 0
255. 3
267.0
9,750
9,750
9.750
9.750
9.500
9.500
145.4
145.4
145.4
145.4
141.6
141. 6
191 5
191 6
191 7
- ..........
1917—January...
February..
March......
April.
1918—January...
February..
March.....
A pril........
May....... .
1919—January..
February..
March
A pril.......
May.........
June ...........
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.686
.774
122.2
111.6
201.2
7.500
$6.604
6.625
6.625
9 9 .7
100.0
100.0
6.813
7.313
9'. 813
12.553
9.689
102.8
123.0
126.7
126.7
129.0
130.4
132.7
9.000
9.5 00
9.500
8.750
135.8
143.4
143.4
132.1
9 .000
9 .0 00
9.000
9 .500
9 .500
9 .750
134.2
134.2
134.2
141.6
141.6
145.4
9.250
9.250
9.750
12.250
12.250
12,250
139.6
139,6
147.2
184,9
184.9
184.9
9 .750
9 .750
9,7 50
10,250
9,500
9 .5 00
145.4
145.4
145.4
152.8
141.6
141.6
12.250
12,313
12.500
12.500
12.500
12.750
184.9
185.8
188.7
188,7
188.7
192.4
9 ,850
9.900
146.8
147.6
1 50.6
1 55.0
180,3
162,5
11.500
12.300
13.375
13.500
12.700
12.500
173.6
185.7
201.9
203.8
191.7
188.7
11.938
10,125
9.6 56
9.5 50
9.125
180.2
161.3
152.8
145.8
144.2
137.7
8 .6 25
8 .7 00
9 .5 00
9.5 00
9.438
9.750
130.2
131,3
143,4
143,4
142.5
147.2
10.100
10.400
10,750
10,900
10,100
110. 6 *
8.000
8.000
10.688
110.4
148,1
189.5
146.2
120.8
120.8
COMMODITIES.
ioo. o
107.5 I
IMPORTANT
105.3
$0.268
.288
OF
$0.264
PRICES
100.0
AVERAGE
$0.249
.266
.327
191 4
191 8
191 9
,
101.4
.332
Vi
T able
9 .—A V E R A G E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Or
to
Food, etc.
Fish.
Year or month.
Mackerel: salt,
large, No. 3s.
Rela
tive
price.
Buckwheat.
Salmon: canned.
Chinook
fancy,
tails, Is,
average
price per
dozen cans.
Alaska,
red,
average
price per
dozen
Average
Rela price
per
tive
100
price. pounds.
cans.
Winter patents,
Kansas City.
Rye.
New
York
Rela market,
tive
average
price. price
per
barrel.
Minne
apolis
market,
average
price per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
barrel.
Relative
price.
Winter
Winter
straights, straights,
New York, Kansas Rela
average City, aver tive
price per age price price.
barrel. per barrel.
73.8
67.4
66.7
67.1
64.0
$2,021
2.443
1.789
2.368
2.436
76.3
92.2
67-5
89.4
91.9
$3,365
4.921
4.017
3.085
2.781
91.7
134.1
109.5
84.1
75.8
$4.652
4.905
4.122
3.283
2.750
108.0
113.9
95. 7
76.2
63.8
1895............................
1896
.. . .
1897.................................
1898...............................
1899.................
15.625
13.917
12.229
13.667
15.250
139.4
124.2
109.1
121.9
136.1
1.504
1.550
1.338
1.267
1.529
67.6
69.7
60.1
56.9
68.7
1-675
1.381
1.466
1.550
2.300
63.2
52.1
55.3
58.5
86.8
3.133
2.683
2.806
3.081
3.298
85.4
73.1
76.5
84.0
89.9
3.231
3.620
4.361
4.145
3.382
75.0
84.0
101.2
96.2
78.5
1900...............................
1901...........................
1902...................
1903...............................
1904...........................
13.896
10.818
13.750
17.448
14.500
124.0
96.5
122.7
155.7
129.4
1.771
1.713
1.615
1.621
1.725
79.6
77.0
72.6
72.8
77.5
2.104
2.106
2.236
2.321
2.333
79.4
79.5
84.4
87.6
88.0
3.425
3.321
3.442
3.148
4.348
93.4
90.5
93.8
85.8
118.5
3.349
3.309
3.489
3.592
4.826
77.7
76.8
81.0
83.4
112.0
1905..
1906........................
1907...................
1908.................
1909.....................
13.917
14.792
13.917
11.354
10.188
124.2
132.0
124.2
101.3
90.9
1.704
1.683
1.668
1.921
1.700
76.6
75.7
75.0
86.3
76.4
2.189
2.233
2.571
3.033
2.358
82.6
84.3
97.0
114.5
89.0
4.467
3.844
4.602
4.738
4.485
121.7
104.8
125.4
129.1
122.3
4.543
3.615
3.988
4.291
5.451
105.5
83.9
92.6
99.6
126.5
1910.....................
1Q11.
. . .
1912
14.583
16.000
13.208
130.1
142.8
117.8
1.744
2.104
2.183
78.4
94.6
98.1
2.142
2.438
2.450
80.8
92.0
92.5
4.229
4.694
4.519
115.3
127.9
123.2
4.691
3.984
4.686
108.9
92.5
108.8
1^13 ........................
1914................................
11.096
10.065
100.0
90.7
2.225
2.225
S i.460
100.0
100.0
2.650
2.825
100.0
106.6
3.669
$3.123
3.521
100.0
112.7
•
$4.012
4.363
100.0
108.7
• 4.308
$3.847
4.125
100.0
107.2
1019,
$1,642
1.500
1.483
1.494
1.425
TO
162.8
136.6
116.0
116.0
98.6
1890
$18.250
15.313
13.000
13.000
11.056
PRICES,
1890.....................
1891...............................
1892............................
1893 ...................
1894...............................
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
barrel.
Flour: wheat.
Flour.
106. 4
138.0
205.5
243.0
209.5
5.214
5.727
9.697
10.097
8.402
166.9
183.4
310.5
323.3
269.0
5.861
6.364
10.950
0
'
11.719
146.1
158.7
272.9
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
17.920
17.920
17.920
16.830
16.830
14.355
161.5
161.5
161.5
151. 7
151.7
129.4
1.875
1.950
2.375
2.425
2.850
2.825
128.4
13,3.5
162.6
166.0
195.2
193.4
4.875
4.375
4.375
C1)
C1)
O)
184.0
165.1
165.1
7.380
7.250
8.125
9.400
11.900
12.313
236.3
232.1
260.2
301.0
381.0
394.2
8.825
8.375
9.300
11.913
14.438
12.835
July..........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
15.840
16.830
16.830
19.800
21.285
21.780
142.8
151.7
151.7
178.4
191.8
196.3
2.625
2.450
2.625
2 .975
2.725
179.7
167.8
179.7
203.7
186.6
186.6
C1)
O)
C1)
6.300
6.375
6.375
11.620
9.738
9.294
9.625
9.625
9.663
372.1
311.8
297.6
308.2
308.2
309.4
11.950
12.413
10.740
10.500
10.313
10.020
191S—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
21. 780
22.204
23.760
23.760
23.760
21.780
196.3
200.1
214.1
214.1
214.1
196.3
2.500
2.550
2.713
2.750
2.725
2.700
171.2
174.6
185.7
188.3
186.6
184.9
6.325
6.000
6.000
0)
O)
C1)
9.725
11.138
13.113
12.535
10.325
8.713
311.4
356.6
419.9
401-4
330.6
279.0
July..........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
23.760
25.740
27. 720
28.870
29.700
29.700
214.1
232.0
249.8
260.2
267.7
267.7
2.700
2.700
2.838
3.000
3.000
(0
184.9
184.9
194.3
205.4
205.4
C1)
0)
7.000
6.750
6.500
6.500
10.440
9.673
1919—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
28.710
28.710
26.730
23.760
19.800
18.810
258. 7
258.7
240.9
214.1
178.4
169.5
2.750
2.750
2.700
2.650
2.638
2.706
188.3
188.3
184.9
181.5
180.6
185.3
5.500
5.500
5.000
5.000
(0
0)
July..........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
18.810
18.810
19.800
18.810
18.810
18.810
169.5
169.5
178.4
169.5
169.5
169.5
2.720
3.125
3.395
3.530
3.564
3.575
186.2
214.0
232.5
241.7
244.0
244.8
(1)
C1)
6.000
5.500
5.000
5.000
1 No quotation.
2.725
237.7
240.6
240.6
238.7
226.4
226.4
264.2
254.7
245.3
245.3
207.5
207.5
188.7
188.7
226.4
207.5
188.7
188.7
292.1
5.612
6.091
10.551
2 10.304
10.695
145.9
158.3
274.3
267.8
278.0
220.0
208.8
231.8
297.0
359.9
320.0
8.525
8.019
8.780
11.313
13.956
12.115
221.6
208.4
228.2
294.1
362.8
314.9
297.9
309.4
267.7
261.7
257.1
249.8
11.363
11.800
10.435
10.313
9.733
295.4
306.7
271.2
268.1
263.5
253.0
O)
(0
0)
0)
0)
O)
2
10.100
*10.250
*10.310
* 10.413
*10.500
8 10.500
262.5
266.4
268.0
270.7
272.9
272.9
8.800
334.3
309.7
290.8
284.3
286.1
281.8
( x)
( l>
o
0)
0)
0)
*10.591
* 10.266
* 10.150
* 10.138
* 10.247
*10.185
275.3
266.9
2 63.8
263.5
266.4
264.7
8. 738
8.000
8.606
10.060
9.350
8.425
279.8
256.2
275.6
322.1
299.4
269.8
C1)
( 1)
10.490
11.938
12.990
12.006
261.5
297.6
323.8
299.3
9.513
9.525
9. 740
11.225
11.780
11.019
247.3
247.6
253.2
291.8
306.2
286.4
8.050
8.300
7.390
7.413
7.494
8; 820
257.8
265.8
236.6
237.3
239.9
282.4
11.113
277.0
266.6
273.7
288.1
300.8
337.0
10.294
10.155
10.319
10.738
11.240
12.781
267.6
264-0
268.2
279.1
292.2
332.2
10.695
10.981
11.556
12.065
13.519
10.138
COMMODITIES.
2.820
3.658
5.446
6.439
5.313
IMPORTANT
102.7
114.9
173.6
187.0
208.1
OF
1.500
1.678
2.535
2.732
3.039
PRICES
95.2
124.9
160.8
227.2
193.6
5
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
10.560
13.860
17.845
25.211
21.698
191
191
191
191
191
s U nited States Food Administration standard.
Ot
CO
T able
9 .— A V E R A G E
W H O LESALE
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 189 0 T O
Vi
1 91 9 — C o n t in u e d .
Food, etc.
Fruit.
Flour: wheat.
Year or month.
Second patents,
Minneapolis.
Rela
tive
price. Average
price per
barrel.
Patents, Port
land, Oreg.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
barrel.
R ela
tive
price.
First patents,
St. Louis.
Average
price per
barrel.
Second patents,
St. Louis.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
barrel.
Patents, Toledo.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
barrel.
Straight, Toledo.
Rela Average
price per
tive
barrel.
price.
Apples,
evaporated,
choice.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Rela
tive
price.
114.1
116.7
95. 7
88.2
79.1
SO.114
.110
.069
.093
.109
158.2
153.2
95.8
129.1
152.1
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
3.643
3.796
4.591
4. 729
3.774
80.1
83.5
101.0
104.1
83.1
.068
.053
.056
.089
.087
94.4
74.2
77.3
124.0
121.0
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
3. S42
3.810
3.808
4.330
5.378
84.0
83.9
83.8
95.3
118.4
.062
.071
.092
.061
.060
85. 7
98.7
128.3
85.1
84.0
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
5.422
4.276
4.876
5.418
119.3
94.1
107.3
119.2
126.7
.070
.09S
.084
.086
.077
97.3
136.2
117.4
120.2
107.1
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
5.4955.078
5.271
4.544
$4.584
5.096
120.9
.118.8
116.0
100.0
111.2
$4.422
4.939
100. 0
111.7
$4. 413
(')
$4.105
(')
$4. 749
0)
$4.6 62
.084'
.120
.083
.072
.094
116.4
167.5
115.2
100.0
131.2
6.663
7.264
145.4
15S. 5
6. 503
7.090
147.1
160.3
5.894
6, 354
(')
0
5.568
5.965
0)
(*)
6.036
6. 520
V)
5.934
6. 420
.077
.067
107.5
93.7
1915.
1916.
( l)
( J)
( l)
TO
So.186
5.305
4.347
4.006
3.595
PRICKS, 1800
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
WHOLESALE
Stand
Spring
ard
patents, patents,
New
Minne
York,
apolis,
average average
price per price
per
barrel.
barrel.
10.551
(*)
10.758
0)
201.0
197.8
210.1
253.5
324.6
303.1
9.035
8.894
9.413
11.425
14.675
13.663
204.3
201.1
212.9
258.4
331.9
309.0
8.200
8,200
8.450
10.100
12.620
11.900
6)
0)
C1)
0)
(*)
8.744
8.256
8.910
11.7
14.131
12.300
278.2
285.1
245.7
229.1
223.1
221.0
12.600
12.944
11.100
10.350
9.944
9.975
284.9
292.7
251.0
234.1
224.9
225.6
11.400
11.600
10.900
10.200
10.100
10.000
(1)
0)
(*)
0)
0)
0)
10,844
10.8
10.270
10.2
10.200
10.194
3 10.085
3 10.300
U 0.094
3 9.985
3 9.525
3 9.825
228.1
232.9
228.3
225.8
215.4
222.2
3 9.600
3 9.600
3 9.600
3 9.600
3 9.600
3 9.600
0)
C1)
0)
310.702
3 10.210
3 10.210
3 10.210
3 10.210
3 10.210
242.0
230.9
230.9
230.9
230.9
230.9
3 9.600
3 10.600
3 10.450
3 10.450
3 10.450
3 10.450
0)
0)
0)
(0
0)
0)
1017—January..
February.
March—
April.......
May.........
June........
9.215
9.069
9.631
11.619
14.880
13.894
12.750
13.069
11.263
10.500
10.225
10.131
Ju ly..........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
1018—January..
February.
March___
April.......
May.........
June........
July..........
August
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
1
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
I1)
b)
i1)
( l)
C1)
(*)
10.625
310.165
(2)
,120
.157
.192
167.0
218.5
267.8
0)
(!)
C1
t1)
( l)
0)
8.644
8.344
9.140
12.194
14.625
12.215
C1)
C1)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
.081
.083
.083
.100
.109
.115
113.2
114.9
114.9
139.3
151.5
160.2
0)
0)
0)
0)
(*)
0)
11.100
10.688
10.300
10.081
10.075
9.992
(x)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.112
.115
.138
.156
.178
.170
156.7
160.2
191.5
217.7
247.2
236.8
3 10.313
3 10.413
3 10.350
3 10.425
3 10.388
3 10.350
0)
0)
(l)
(l)
0)
.160
.159
.159
.159
.159
.156
222.3
221.7
221.2
221.2
221.2
216.7
.156
.153
.156
.155
.159
.155
217.3
213.2
217.7
215.9
221.2
215.2
.160
.179
.180
.183
.200
.216
222.6
249.5
250.7
254.2
278.6
300.6
S1)
(i)
C1)
10. 730
(*)
10.745
( !)
0)
10.122
3 10.310
10.040
0)
0)
C1)
(!)
C1)
C1)
8.306
7,900
8.590
11.063
13.456
11.750
C1)
0)
0)
C1)
(x)
(0
8.775
8.444
9.270
12.294
14,725
12.305
C1)
C1)
0)
0)
(l)
C1)
10.169
10.363
9.945
9.919
9.894
10.000
0)
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
C1)
11.200
10,788
10.400
10.181
10.175
10.092
(2)
(*)
(2)
(a)
(2)
(2)
310.438
310.738
! 3H .370
i 3H .288
i 3 io. 881
3 io .855
0)
0)
(1)
(1)
(l)
0)
(2)
1 310.148
I 3 9.549
3 9.538
3 9.350
3 9.550
3 9.800
(1)
(1)
(i)
0)
(1)
(1)
(3)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(*)
(*)
(2)
(2)
I
1
j
3
1919—Janu ary...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
10.275
10.550
11.213
12.215
12.419
12.013
224.2
230.2
244.6
266.5
270.9
262.1
<2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
12.044 "272.'4
11.488
259.8
10.411
10.350
10.428
10.750
10.769
10,875
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
(l)
C1)
10.97i
(2)
10.600
11.538
11.490
10.263
0)
I1)
(!)
(!)
0)
(1)
10.019
9.825
10.155
10.806
10.820
9.600
(l)
0)
(x)
0)
C1)
0)
10.006
10.088
10.655
11.444
12.150
11.950
C1)
(!)
0)
0)
(l)
0)
July..........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
12. 155
12.006
11.620
12.031
12.950
14.025
265.2
261.9
253.5
262.5
282.5
306.0
11.665
11.256
11.213
11.669
12.581
13.510
263.8
254.5
253,6
263.9
284.5
305.5
10,850
10.750
10.750
10.900
11,750
11.750
C1)
0)
(!)
C1)
C1)
0)
10.667
9.800
9.931
10.063
10.935
12.119
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
9.683
9.345
9.425
9.494
9.970
11.219
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
C1)
(*)
10.313
10.165
10.269
10.250
10.410
11.144
0)
0)
( l)
0)
0)
(0
1 No relative price computed.
2 No quotation.
a United States Food
0)
10.216
3 9,952
3 9.864
8 9.850
3 9.906
3 9.200
0)
0)
O)
C1)
(l)
0)
(8)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
:
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
............
(*)
.200
278.6
.203
282.0
.219
304.3
IMPORTAjST
T COMMODITIES.
C1)
(*)
C1)
OF
$10.329
3 9.967
10.861
PRICES
254.0
229.3
271.0
248.5
11.391
(2)
11.998 * *261. 8
AVERAGE
11.230
s 10.141
11.982
191 7
191 8
191 9
on standard.
Or
Oi
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Q)
Food, 6tc.
Fruit.
Year or month.
Apples: fresh,
Baldwin.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. bunch.
Currants: in
barrels.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Lemons: Cali
fornia.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
box.
Oranges: Cali
fornia.
Rela Average
tive price per
box.
price.
Prunes: Califor
nia, in boxes.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Raisins: California.
London
Coast,
Rela
layer,
seeded,
tive
average average
price. price per price per
box.
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
$0.107
.100
-100
.104
• 074
162.8
152.4
151.7
158.4
112.0
$2.360
1.802
1.469
1.700
1.154
174.6
133.3
108.6
125.7
85.4
1895.....................................................
1896.....................................................
1897.....................................................
1898.....................................................
1899.....................................................
.025
.033
.048
.058
.047
37.1
47.8
70.0
84.8
68.7
.067
.058
.055
.054
.057
101.5
88.6
83.2
82.9
86.1
1.429
1.019
1.398
1.392
1.283
105.7
75. S
103.4
102.9
94.9
1900.....................................................
1901.....................................................
1902.....................................................
1903.....................................................
1904.....................................................
.072
.083
.049
.048
•049
105.3
121.5
72.2
69.6
71.3
.052
.053
.055
.048
.046
79.6
80.0
84.0
73.3
70.3
1.521
1.442
1.685
1.446
1.473
112.5
106.6
124.7
106.9
108.9
1905.....................................................
19G3.....................................................
1907.....................................................
1908.....................................................
1909.....................................................
.049
.061
.070
.061
•060
71.6
89.8
102.8
89.0
88.2
.046
.065
.059
.060
.053
70.0
98.5
90.4
91.2
80.9
1.188
1.600
1.627
1.810
1.270
87.8
118-3
120.3
133.9
93.9
1910...................................................
1911...................................................
1912.....................................................
.065
.076
.075
95.2
111.3
109.8
.063
.116
.074
95.3
177.3
113.3
1.224
1.413
1.425
90.5
104.5
105.4
1913......................................................
$3.174
100.0
1914...................................................
4.042
127.4
1915.....................................................
2.775
87.4 ,
$0.796
100.0
.068
100.0
$5.773
•852
107.1
.067
98.2
4.151
100.0
71.9
.823
103.4 |
.077
112.0 |
3.033
52.5
$4.420
100.0
.066
2. 772
62. 7
100.0
1.352
.093
141.5
1.790
3.502
79.2
.079
120.4
1.425
100.0
132.4
$0,077
105.4
TO 1919.
69.9
62.3
43.4
39.5
25.3
1890
$0.048
.043
.030
.027
• 017
PRICES,
1890.....................................................
1891.....................................................
1892.....................................................
1893.....................................................
1894.....................................................
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
barrel.
Bananas:
Jamaica, 8s.
180.0
298.0
308.2
291.4
4.305
4.952
6.771
5.464
74.6
85.8
117.3
94.6
3.484
3.315
7.225
4.805
78.8
75.0
163.5
108.7
.074
.107
.110
.198
112.2
162.3
167.4
302.0
.073
.084
.092
.123
100.0
115.4
126.5
169.7
1917—January...
February.,
March......
May.........
June........
4.150
5.094
5.125
4.750
4.625
4.625
130.8
160.5
161.5
149.7
145.7
145.7
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
.165
.165
.165
.170
.170
.210
241.2
241.2
241.2
248.5
248.5
307.0
3.125
3.375
3.875
3.844
3.575
4.031
54.1
58.5
67.1
66.7
61.9
69.8
2.425
2.656
3.125
3.250
2.825
3.656
54.9
60.1
70.7
73.5
63.9
82.7
.090
.090
.090
.103
.110
.125
137.2
137.2
137.2
156.3
167.7
190.6
.080
.080
.080
.080
.084
.084
110.2
110.2
110.2
110.2
115.4
115.4
July...........
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
C1)
0)
(1)
4.500
4.938
5.188
141.8
155.6
163.5
1.800
1.800
1.625
1.625
1.625
1.625
.210
.210
.210
.230
.270
.270
307.0
307.0
307.0
336.3
394.7
394.7
4.950
7.375
5.500
6.350
7.250
6.625
85.7
127.7
95.3
110.0
125.6
114.8
3.875
3.838
3.438
3.325
3.475
4.094
87.7
86.8
77.8
75.2
78.6
92.6
.125
.108
.105
.113
.110
.110
190.6
163.9
160.1
171.5
167.7
167.7 :
.084
.078
.078
.089
.095
.095
115.4
106.8
106.8
122.4
130.9
130.9
5.125
5.188
5.250
5.850
7.313
6.250
161.5
163*5
165.4
184.3
230.4
196.9
1.625
1.625
C1)
(0
0)
3.750
.270
.270
.255
.240
.195
.180
394.7
394.7
372.8
350.9
285.1
263.2
6.500
7.000
6.333
5.438
6.500
9.125
112.6
121.3
109.7
94.2
112.6
158.1
4.875
5.781
7.219
7.025
6.594
6.667
110.3
130.8
163.3
158.9
149.2
150.8
.104
.109
.109
.108
.106
.105
157.8
166.8
165.8
163.9
161.0
160.1
.080
.086
.093
.093
.093
.093
110.2
118.9
127.4
127.4
127.4
127.4
148.1
161.5
173.3
3.750
1.925
1.925
1.925
1.925
1.925
.180
.180
.180
.180
.180
.212
263.2
263.2
263.2
263.2
263.2
309.9
7.500
7.125
5.625
8.050
7.594
4.281
129.9
123.4
97.4
139.4
131.5
74.2
6.688
8.125
8.500
10.675
9.500
5.781
151.3
183.8
192.3
241.5
214.9
130.8
.109
.120
.126
C1)
O)
0)
165.4
182.9
192.5
.093
.093
.093
.094
.098
.098
127.4
127.4
127.4
128.8
134.4
134.4
1.925
1.925
1.925
2.750
0)
0)
.220
.170
.170
.184
.165
.184
321.6
248.5
248.5
269.0
241.2
269.6
3.875
4.094
3.906
4.175
4.469
6.156
67.1
70.9
67.7
72.3
77.4
106.6
5.375
4.313
5.250
4.850
5.000
4.375
121.6
97-6
118.8
109.7
113.1
99.0
.155
.158
.168
.173
.220
.230
236.3
240.1
255.3
263.7
335.4
350.7
.098
.100
.100
.104
.114
.126
134.3
137.8
137.8
143.0
157.6
174.0
(x)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.192
.210
.235
.233
.225
.216
280.7
307.0
343.6
339.9
329.0
315.8
6.700
6.781
6.525
7.250
6.250
5.200
116.1
117.5
113.0
125.6
108.3
90.1
3.850
5.188
5.175
5.250
5.000
4.300
87.1
117.4
117.1
118.8
113.1
97.3
.245
.230
.217
.200
.178
.178
373.5
350.7
330.8
304.9
271.5
270.6
.128
.143
.142
.140
.140
.140
175.6
196.3
194.9
192.8
192.8
192.8
April........
1918—January...
February..
March......
April.......
May.........
June........
July..........
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
1919—January...
February..
March......
April.......
May.........
June....... .
July..........
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
C1)
(1)
(0
4.700
5.125
5.500
6.625
7.875
10.313
10.000
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
C1)
7.183
8.625
8.250
208.8
248.1
324.9
315.1
226.3
271.8
260.0
COMMODITIES.
.123
.204
.211
.199
IMPORTANT
.927
1.342
2.163
2.090
OF
99.8
150.7
173.4
267.6
PRICES
3.168
4.784
5.503
8.491
AVERAGE
9116..................
191 7
191 8
.
191 9
.
1 No quotation.
Ol
-3
T able
9 .— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
T R IC E S
O F C O M M O D I T I E S , 1S90 T O
1 919— C o n t in u e d .
Or
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ __
OC
Food, etc.
Meat.
Meal: corn.
Lard: prime
contract.
Fine
yellow.
Fine white.
White
table.
Rough sides.
Rela
tive
price.
1904....................
1905....................
1900..........................
1908......................
1909......................
Aver
age
price
per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Aver
age
price
per
pound.
$1,703
1.580
82.5
73.9
$0,003
.000
.077
. 103
.077
1.549
1.159
1.219
1.302
1.350
72.5
54.2
57.0
(50.9
03.4
.005
.047
.044
. 055
.050
59.3
42.0
40.1
50.1
50.5
1.072
.813
.810
.882
.955
75.2
57.0
57.2
01.9
07.0
1.001
.785
. 703
. 840
.927
74.5
55.1
53.0
59.4
05.1
.003
.048
.052
.059
.050
51.1
38.8
42.2
48.1
45.1
.0G5
.049
.054
.000
.058
51.0
38.8
42.5
40.8
45.8
;
1.488
l. 040
% 179
1.840
09.0
77.0
101.9
80.1
.009
.089
.100
.088
02.7
80.4
90.2
79.7
83.8
09.5
83.3
107.0
89.7
1.340
94J)
.073
.087
.105
.094
.076
59.2
70.3
84.fi
75.9
01.2
.075
. 089
. 103
. 090
1.792
.991
1 .1S8
1.525
1.278
i, m
59.0
09 9
84.2
75 3
1
00.4
71.0
84.1
107. 7
91.0
.073
1.012
1.198
1.535
1.297
.078
00.8
1.774
2.027
% 201
83.0
94.8
105. 8
.075
. 089.
.092
07.7
80.0
83.0
1.325
1.207
1.358
93.0
88.9
95.3
1.325
1.203
1.358
93.0
.078
.092
.080
02.8
95.3
113.3
113.0
03.3
74.4
.094
73.9
.092
.087
. 113
74.4
70.4
91.7
.095
.090
.117
74 9
70.7
92.1
2.040
2. 17°.
123.5
115.7
.091
.117
57.5
59.9
70.0
93.0
70.2
$1,001
1.475
1.192
1.101
1.119
74.5
103.5
83.7
77.3
78.5
$1,020
1.458
1.101
1.083
1.003
71.0
102.3
81.5
70.0
74.0
$0,059
.008
.076
.101
.074
47.4
55.1
01.8
81.7
59.5
$0,000
.070
.079
. 105
.075
47 3
54.9
01.8
82.3
58.9
82.5
100. 2
1.015
1.025
113.3
114.0
1.015
1.010
93.0
88.0
Aver
age
price
Rela
tive
price.
Rela
tive
price.
per
pound.
!
i................
,
1
t
1919.
1900....................
1901....................
1902...................
Rela
tive
price.
Steers, loins
ends (hips)
Chicago.
TO
1890.................
1897..............
1898.................
1899.................
Aver
age
price
per
pound.
Carcass, good
native steers
(Chicago mar
k et).
1890
1890.................
1891.......... ..........
1892....................
1893..............
1 89 4..................
Average price per
100 pounds.
Rela
tive
price. New York Phila
market. delphia.
Short clear
sides.
PRICES,
A verage price per
Aver
Aver
100 pounds.
age
age
Rela prioe
Rela
price
tive
tive
per
per
price. pound. price. New York Terre
100
pounds.
market. Haute.
Beef: Fresh.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
Bacon.
i
i
i
1
$o .105
.110
si. 3
84.0 ! ..........................
191 5
191 6
107.3
120.4
224.6
206.8
257.2
.094
.135
.217
.255
.290
85.4
122.3
197.1
231.8
263.6
4.211
263. 0
191 8
191 9
2.294
2.573
4.801
4.421
5.498
4.386
3.469
274.0 <
216.7
1917—January..,
February.
March.......
April........
H ay..........
June.........
3.210
3.240
3.340
3.740
4.840
5.140
150.2
151.6
156.3
175.0
226.4
240.5
.161
.172
.200
.213
.225
.212
146.0
156.5
181.6
193.6
204.5
192.6
2.490
2.530
2.790
3.755
4.130
4.130
July..........
August___
September
October...
November
December.
ISIS—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
July..........
August__
September
October...
November
December.
1919—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
July.........
August___
September.
October__
N ovember.
December.,
5.140
6.140
5.890
5.640
5.640
5.650
4.800
4.863
4.850
4.958
4.515
4.140
4.050
4.105
4.480
4.180
3.980
4.130
4.555
4.580
4.893
5.450
5.630
5.673
6.030
6.255
5.780
5.630
5.630
5.630
240.5
287.3
275.6
263.9
263.9
264.3
224.6
227.5
226.9
232.0
211.2
193.7
189.5 j
192.0
209.6
195.6
186.2
193.2
213.1
214.3
228.9
255.0
263.4
266.3
282.1
292.6
270.4
263.4
263.4
263.4
.201
182.8
205.8
219.9
224.2
253.2
230.2
226.6
243.2
241.5
234.6
225.6
222.5
239.8
244.2
246.7
241.4
246.8
231.2
216.3
228-4
254.1
283.8
310.2
315.5
318.8
278.3
245.7
25-3.9
235.5
217.7
4.880
5.563
5.310
5.120
5.070
4.860
4.835
5.453
5.150
5.350
4.588
4.450
4.825
4.450
3.988
3.400
3.020
3.238
3.150
2.838
3.150
3.525
3.810
3.938
4.488
4.280
3.250
2.950
3.060
3.088
191 7
.227
.242
.247
.279
.254
.250
.268
.266
.258
.248
.245
.264
. 269
.272
.266
.272
. 255
.238
.252
.280
.313
.342
.347
.351
.306
.271
.280
. 259
.240
1.542
1.293
1.650
1.425
$1. 601
1.736
1.616
1.990
103.8
90.6
115.9
100.0
110.2
, -129
.093
.108
.124
.130
104.4
75.1
82.2
100.0
104.8
. 133
.095
.111
.127
.132
104.6
74.5
86.9
100.0
103.8
.115
.112
.133
.130
.136
89.1
86.6
102.6
100.0
105.3
$0.168
.171
ioo. o
102.2
14.239
4.963
3.952
121.1
144.6
279.9
325.3
259.1
.113
.146
.238
.261
.266
91.3
118.3
192.7
211.1
215.5
.116
.149
.248
.279
.291
90.7
110.7
194.9
219.2
228.5
.129
.138
.167
.221
.233
99.5
106.7
167.2
170.9
180.2
.176
.191
.215
.292
.313
105.1
113.8
128.4
173.9
186.5
155.5
158.0
174.3
234. 5
258.0
258.0
2. 788
2.825
2.905
3.713
4.200
4.305
186.0
193.0
193.0
217.5
259.1
273.7
.160
.171
.191
.213
.232
.229
129.7
138.0
154.6
172.4
187.6
185.1
.165
. 175
.196
.218
.242
.242
129.8
137.5
154.2
171.4
190.2
190.1
.138
.141
.149
.160
.160
.162
106.2
100.1
115.1
123.6
123.6
124.7
.200
.200
.200
.205
.210
.206
119.3
119.3
119.3
122.2
125.2
122.8
304.8
347.5
331.7
319.8
316.7
303.6
302.0
340.6
3121.7
334.2
286.6
278.0
301.4
278.0
249.1
212.4
188.6
202.2
196.8
177.2
196.8
220.2
238.0
245.9
280.3
267.3
203.0
184.3
191.1
192.8 i
i
4.994
5.613
5.175
4.838
4.713
4. 750
4.825
4.950
5.640
5.575
5.640
4.950
5.475
5.300
5.088
4.291
3.913
3.744
3.685
3.203
3.428
3.200
4.115
4.428
4.749
5.025
4.263
3.750
3.525
3.S56
280.7
263.2
347.4
343.9
343.9
333.3
316.3
324.5
369.8
365.5
369.8
324.5
359.0
347.5
333.6
281.3
256.5
245.5
241.6
210.0
224.8
209.8
269.8
290.3
311.4
329.5
279.5
245.9
231.1
252.9
.237
191.7
202.5
217.1
248.0
245.8
244.0
214.7
216.4
212.8
208.7
200.2
189.4
209.8
209.9
215.9
213.4
212.9
226.8
213.1
215.5
228.1
238.7
246.8
244.5
245.1
245.2
201.1
168.1
174.4
167.7
.248
.263
.280
.321
.319
.314
.293
.284
.279
.271
.265
.250
.276
.275
.278
.286
.285
.301
.289
.283
.305
.326
.331
.333
.337
.333
.274
.227
.232
.226
194.5
206.3
219.4
262.2
250.3
246.5
230.0
222.8
219.2
212.6
207.8
196.5
216.6
215.9
218.4
224.2
223.5
236.3
226.5
222.2
239.4
256.1
260.0
261.1
264.1
261.5
214.9
178.3
181.8
177.6
.164
.171
.190
.190
.190
.187
.175
.175
.175
.905
.225
.238
.240
.242
.246
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.243
.203
.208
.235
.228
.229
.235
.235
126.5
132.3
146.7
146.7
146.7
144.4
135.1
135.1
135.1
158.3
178.7
183.4
185.3
186.9
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
187.6
156.4
160.2
181.5
175.7
176.8
181.5
181.5
.205
.221
.235
.235
.235
.230
.210
.205
.217
.241
.304
.330
.340
.340
.340
.330
.320
.320
.320
.325
.330
.320
.318
.265
.268
.312
.325
.326
.320
.320
122.2
132.0
140.1
140.1
140.1
137.1
125.2
122.2
129.4
143.9
181.3
196.8
202.7
202.7
202.7
196.8
190.8
190.8
190.7
193.7
196.7
190.7
189.5
157.9
159.4
186.0
193.7
194.3
190.7
190.7
108.2
90.8
115.8
100.0
108.4
100.9
124.3
i
.250
.268
.307
.304
.302
.265
.268
.263
.258
.248
.234
.259
.259
.267
.264
.263
.280
.263
.266
.282
.295
.305
.302
.303
.303
.249
.208
.216
.207
COMMODITIES,
113. 8
82.5
95.3
100.0
94.2
IMPORTANT
.125
.091
.105
.110
.104
OF
90.8
86.9
108.2
100.0
101.1
PRICES
1.942
1.858
2.313
2.138
2.160
AVERAGE
1010....................
191 1
191 2
191 3
191 4
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Food, etc.
Meat.
Beef: Fresh.
Beef: Salt.
Year or month.
Average
price per
pound.
Steer, rounds,
No. 2, Chicago.
Rela Average
tiv e price per
price. pound.
N ative sides
Loins, N o. 2,
(New York mar city,
New York.
ket).
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tiv e price per
price. pound.
Ribs, No. 2, city,
New York.
Rela Average
price per
tiv e
price. pound.
Rounds, No. 2,
city, New York.
R ela Average
tiv e price per
price. pound.
Hams: smoked.
Rela
tiv e
price.
WHOLESALE
Steer, ribs, N o. 2,
Chicago.
E xtra mess.
R ela Average
tiv e price per
barrel.
price.
Rela Average
tiv e price per
price. pound.
$0,069
.082
.076
.081
.075
55.0
65.4
60.9
64.9
59.7
$6.960
8.365
6.797
8.194
8.093
36.8
44.2
35.9
43.3
42.8
$0,100
.098
.108
.125
.102
59.9
59.1
64.7
75.1
61.3
PRICES,
1895.......................................
1896......................*................
1897.......................................
1898.......................................
1899.......................................
.079
.070
.077
.078
.084
63.3
55.8
61. 4
62.4
66.7
8.127
7.510
7.676
9.156
9.289
42.9
39.7
40.6
48.4
49.1
.095
.094
.089
.081
.092
57.0
56.7
53.8
48.6
55.5
1890
1900.......................................
1901.......................................
1902.......................................
1903.......................................
1904.......................................
.080
.079
.097
.078
.082
64.2
62.9
77.6
62.6
65.3
9.754
9.320
11.789
9.067
8.769
51.5
49.3
62.3
47.9
46.3
.103
.108
.121
.127
.107
61.7
64.7
72.9
76.5
64.5
1905.......................................
1906.......................................
1907.......................................
1908.......................................
1909.......................................
.080
.078
.088
.093
.095
64.1
62.3
7(t. 6
74.6
75.8
10.024
8.846
9.817
13.184
11.023
53.0
46.7
51.9
69.7
58.2
.105
.124
.130
.113
.131
62.9
74.3
78.4
67.1
78.8
1910.......................................
1911.......................................
1912.......................................
.103
.098
.121
82.0
78.4
96.9
14.589
12.909
15.793
72.1
68.2
83.5
.164
.140
.143
104.4
.166
98.9
84.1
86.0
100.0
.167
105.0
1913.........................................
1914.......................................
$0.157
100.0
$0.131
100.0
103.2
.133
.125
100.0
.162
101.5
.135
107.5
$0.158
.184
100.0
116.5 1
$0.151
100.0
$0.121
100.0
.167
110.6
.128
105.8
18.923
19.755
100.0
TO 1919.
1890.......................................
1891.......................................
1892.......................................
1893.......................................
1894.......................................
.171
.181
.217
.299
.366
108.2
114.6
137.3
189.2
231.5
.158
.168
.211
.285
.324
104.6
111.3
139.7
188.7
214.7
.124
.130
.170
.241
.231
102.5
107.4
140.5
199.2
190.7
18.639
18.939
28.250
33.049
31.080
98.5
100.1
149.3
174.6
164.2
.153
.185
.252
.318
.343
92.1
111.3
151.6
191.5
206.6
1917—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
.158
.175
.175
.210
.194
.188
100.6
111.5
111.5
133.8
123.6
119.7
.120
.128
.138
.154
.158
.167
91.6
97.7
105.3
117.6
120.6
127.5
.137
.146
.148
.163
.163
.168
.180
.198
.196
.199
.200
.192
113.9
125.3
124.1
125.9
126.6
121.5
.163
.180
.183
.198
.200
.192
107.9
119.2
121.2
131.1
132.5
127.2
.129
.143
.151
.168
.170
.172
106.6
118.2
124.8
138.8
140.5
142.1
23.250
23.250
24.313
26.250
29.600
30.500
122.9
122.9
128.5
138.7
156.4
161.2
.195
.211
.229
.245
.266
.259
117.0
127.1
137.7
147.4
159.7
156.1
July.........
August__
September
October...
November.
December.
.198
.218
.250
.220
.185
.198
126.1
138.9
159.2
140.1
117.8
126.1
.170
.176'
.190
.189
.175
.170
129.8
134.4
145.0
144.3
133.6
129.8
.169
.171
.182
.173
.169
.185
.205
.236
.276
.273
.220
.229
129.7
149.4
174.7
172.8
139.2
144.9
.198
.223
.265
.261
.226
.232
131.1
147.7
175.5
172.8
149.7
153.6
.181
.190
.190
.188
.178
.180
149.6
157.0
157.0
155.4
147.1
148.8
30.500
29.500
29.500
30.700
31.500
31.500
161.2
155.9
155.9
162.2
166.5
166.5 .
.240
.241
.268
.286
.290
.302
144.1
145.2
160.9
172.1
174.5
181.5
191S—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
.220
.203
.200
.235
.299
.308
140.1
129.3
127.4
149.7
190.4
196.2
.166
.155
.172
.186
.235
.248
126.7
118.3
131.3
142.0
179.4
189.3
.179
.173
.175
.210
.220
.243
.235
.233
.227
.283
.301
.315
148.7
147.5
143.7
179.1
190.5
199.4
.234
.226
.215
.263
.277
.303
155.0
149.7
142.4
174.2
183.4
200.7
.180
.190
.190
.213
.232
.263
148.8
157.0
157.0
176.0
191.7
217.4
31.500
31.500
31.500
31.900
32.500
33.625
166.5
166.5
166.5
168.6
171.7
177.7
.295
.298
.303
.308
.303
.294
177.5
179.5
182.2
185.0
182.0
180.1
July.........
August--September
October...
November.
December.
.293
.300
.325
.310
.280
.315
186.6
191.1
207.0
197.5
178.3
200.6
.253
.260
.260
.253
.234
.220
193.1
198.5
198.5
193.1
178.6
167.9
.214
.216
.236
.204
.216
.228
.291
.326
.345
.339
.346
.350
184.2
206.3
218.4
214.6
219.0
221.5
.286
.311
.328
.319
.328
.335
189.4
206.0
217.2
211.3
217.2
221.9
.285
.290
.285
.269
.246
.250
235.5
239.7
235.5
222.3
203.3
206.6
34.875
35.250
35.375
35.500
35.500
35.500
184.3
186.3
186.9
187.6
187.6
187.6
.303
.323
.328
.336
.354
.367
182.0
194.0
197.4
202.2
213.1
220.8
1919—January...
February..
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
.344
.380
.360
.340
.316
.263
219.0
i 242.0
j 229.3
! 216.6
201.3
I 167.2
.220
.220
.233
.246
.250
.225
168.1
168.1
177.6
188.2
191.0
171.9
.230
.228
.231
.231
.226
.188
.358
.370
.390
.385
.366
.290
226.3
233.9
246.5
243.4
231.4
183.3
.337
.350
.350
.355
.346
.275
223.5
232.1
232.1
235.4
229.4
182.4
.246
.240
.240
.240
.240
.218
203.5
198.5
198.5
198.5
198.5
179.9
35.500
35.500
35.500
35.500
35.500
35.500
187.6
187.6
187.6
187.6
187.6
187.6
.349
.334
.338
.360
.377
.381
210.2
200.8
203.4
216.3
226.8
229.0
J uly.........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
.258
.310
.290
.302
.310
.290
164.0
197.5
184.7
192.4
197.5
184.7
.225
.238
.230
.208
.193
.200
171.9
181.8
175.7
158.9
147.1
152.8
.199
.211
.201
.213
.212
.213
.296
.350
.350
.387
.435
.419
187.3
221.2
221.2
244.6
275.0
264.7
.281
.290
.280
.314
.360
.348
186.5
102.3
185.7
208.2
238.7
230.4
.225
.240
.220
.224
.218
.210
186.1
198.5
182.0
185.3
179.9
173.7
34.300 , 181.3
31.250
165.1
26.700
141.1
23.250
122.9
22.833
120.7
22.100
116.8
.384
.384
.348
.290
.286
.289
230.7
230.9
209.4
174.5
172.0
173.8
l
COMMODITIES.
.126
.134
.164
.209
.215
IMPORTANT
94.7
99.2
123.7
168.7
171.4
OF
.124
.130
.162
.221
.224
PRICES
93.0
103.2
126.1
174.5
199.9
5
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
.146
.162
.198
.274
.314
191
191
191
191
191
Table
9 .— A V E R A G E
__________
W H O LESALE
P R IC E S O F
__
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1890 T O
1 919— C o n t i n u e d .
Q*
___________ __
fcs
Food, etc.
Meat.
Poultry: dressed fowls.
Pork: fresh, loins.
Year or month.
Mutton: dressed.
Chicago.
Average 'Rela Average
price per tive price per
pound.
price. pound.
1899......................................
.002 !
.003
.073 l
.074
.071 i
00 5
01.0
71.0
72.0
09.4
1900......................................
1901.......................................
1902.....................................
1903.......................................
J904.......................................
.073
.008
.074 i
.074 !
.078 I
70 9
1900.......................................
1907.......................................
1908.......................................
1900......................
1910.......................................
1911.......................................
1912.......................................
1913.......................................
1 9 1 4 .....................................
1897...................................... !................ I.............
$0.149
. 152
100.0
101.9
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
barrel.
Rela Average
tiv e price per
price. pound.
SI 2.150
11.303
11.525
18.339
11.120
54.1
50 3
51 3
81.0
02.9
11,82ft
8.940
8.909
9.808
9.340
52.0
39 S
89.0
43 9
.
1. .
............... 1............
72.0 ..............1.............
i
72.0
75 0 ............... 1............
12.507
ir». 611
17.940
10.051
14.029
55,7
09 5
79.8
74.1
02.4
.080
.091
'.088
. 08(1
.090
83. .8
88.8
85.4
84.2
87.7
14.418
1T.M2
.17.508
15.974
21.344
64.2
77.9
78.2
71.1
§5.0
.101
.075
.084
.103
.101
98.0
73.4
81.9
100.0
98.5
23.788
19.159
19,285
22.471
22.730
105.0
85.3
85. .8
100.0
101.2
f)9.0
i ........
,
i
i
$0,149
. i r>4
1
100.0 !
103.4
50.152
. 1(53
!
:
100.0 i
107.2 1
Western, dry
picked, New
York.
Rela Average
tiv e
price per
price. pound.
Veal.
Rela Average
price per
tiv e
price. pound.
i . _____
Rela
tiv e
price.
i
i
i
i
|
i
1
i
!
i
............ 1................ !.............
1910.
91.0
84 5
89.2
Iced, Chicago.
j
............ 1..............
.
i ...
i
i
*‘ ■*■‘“ '1 *■** ■
1 ... .
"'k o .iib 1 100.0
.148 ! 102.0
$0.139
. 102
70.2
8S 8
.170
. 150
. 102
.182
,184
8 ri 5
88 r.
100.0
100.7
$0.181
. 185
TO
$0,093
.087 i
.091 :
.0H0
.Ml
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Pork: salt, mess.
PEICES, 1890
1
1890......................................
1891...................................... i................
i
1892...................................... 1................
1893____ ________________I_________
1894...................................... 1................ 1.............
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Western New
York.
WHOLESALE
Lamb: dressed,
round.
100.0
102.2
.164
.183
.240
.270
.277
110.0
123.0
161,2
181,8
186,3
.107
.125
.166
.198
.167
104.7
122.0
162.3
193.4
162.7
.143
.162
.2 4 4 ;
.295
,315
96.0
108.7
163.8
198.0
212.0
.148
.170
.245
,312
.350
97.4
111.8
161,2
205.3
229.9
18.317
26.770
41.765
48,240
52.190
81.5
119.1
185,9
214,7
232,3
.137
.166
.206
.273
.297
9 5 .0
114.9
142.2
189,1
205,3
.178
.212
,251
.342
,357
97.3
116.2
137.7
187,4
195,2
.182
.190
,226
.274
.302
100.8
105.3
125,1
151,4
166.9
1917—January..
February
March....
April......
M ay........
June.......
.196
.210
.203
.218
.256
.268
132.0
141.2
136.5
146.3
172.4
180.2
.137
.148
.155
.165
.188
.168
183.7
143.9
151.2
161.0
183.4
164.0
.168
.196
.217
.226
.235
.230
112,8
131,5
145.6
151.7
157.7
154.4
.178
,198
.215
.234
.235
.236
117.1
130.3
141.4
153.9
154,6
155.3
32,250
33,250
35,438
39,000
41,450
41.500
143.5
148,0
157.7
173.6
184.5
184.7
.187
,198
.2*4
.226
.217
.211
129,0
136,6
147.9
156.5
149.7
145.6
,225
,235
.235
.263
.256
.246
123,4
128.8
128.8
144.2
140.5
134.9
.215
.215
.218
.220
.210
.222
118.9
118,9
120.6
121.7
116.2
122.8
July.......
August,
S e p l.....
October.
November.
December.
.259
.248
.274
.260
.240
.239
174.0
166.4
184.3
174.9
161.4
160.7
.145
.157
.180
.191
.178
.188
141.5
153.1
175.6
186.3
173.2
182.9
.243
.280
.316
,306
.256
,241
163.1
187.9
512.1
205.4
171.8
161.7
.241
.256
.300
.300
.270
.266
158.6
168.4
197.4
197.4
177.6
175.0
42,250
44.438
46.938
48.300
49.000
52.750
188.0
197.8
208.9
214.9
218.1
234.7
.188
.206
.232
.203
.192
.203
130,0
142.2
160.4
140.4
132.7
140.0
.239
.241
.278
.288
.239
.264
131.2
131.9
152.1
157.6
130.9
144.7
.230
.221
.243
.245
.230
.240
127.2
122.4
134.4
135.5
127.2
132.7
1918—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
J u n e ......
.241
.248
.247
.293
.286
.314
162.3
166.4
166.1
196.7
192.3
211.0
.192
.189
.195
.246
.249
.224
187.3
184.2
190,2
240.0
243.3
218,3
.265
.241
.262
,276
,271
.291
177.9
161.7
175.8
185.2
181.9
195.3
.270
.265
.268
.275
.289
.298
177.6
174.3
176.3
180.9
190.1
196.1
50.400
51.583
52.875
53.200
51,813
48.063
224.3
229.6
235.3
236.7
230.6
213.9
.249
.282
.295
.300
.273
.276
172.2
194.8
204.0
207.5
188.5
191.1
.293
.326
.342
.339
.343
.350
160.4
178.9
187.2
185.7
188.0
191.9
.250
.248
.250
.265
.250
.258
138.3
136.9
138.3
146.6
138.3
142.4
July.........
A ugust....
September
October...
November,
December.
.313
.296
.290
.240
.240
.240
210.2
199.1
195.0
161.4
161.4
161.4
.206
.209
.193
.151
.163
.150
201.0
203.7
187.8
147.3
158.5
146.3
.286
,316
.350
.340
,324
,313
191.8
212.1
234.9
228.2
217.4
210.1
.305
.347
.384
.364
.355
.321
200.7
228.3
252.6
239.5
233.6
211.2
48.500
49.563
47.250
42.500
44.250
50.000
215.8
220.6
210.3
189.1
196.9
222.5
.293
.298
.296
.272
.243
.242
202.6
206.3
204.9
187.8
167.7
167.4
.359
.352
.358
.348
.355
.338
196.7
192.7
196.0
190.5
194.4
185.0
.268
.283
.308
.305
.305
.300
148.0
156.5
170.1
168.7
168.7
165.9
IMPORTANT
1919—January...
February.
March......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
.278
.300
.328
.323
.296
.295
187.0
201.8
220.2
216.9
199.1
198.4
.176
.191
.214
.229
.204
.165
172.0
186.6
208.6
223.4
198.8
161.0
.295
.270
.294
.320
.322
.300
198.5
181.7
197.7
215.3
216.7
201.9
.309
.320
.311
.345
.350
.338
202.9
210.1
204.4
226.5
229.8
221,6
50.375
49.625
50.125
55.000
57.688
58.250
224.2
220.8
223.1
244.8
256,7
259.2
.284
.281
.308
.340
.338
.305
196.3
194.5
212.7
234.8
233.8
210.9
.342
.326
.347
.356
.368
.368
187.5
178.9
190.2
195.0
201,8
201.5
.297
.290
.293
,270
.255
,275
164.3
160.4
161.8
149.3
141.0
152.1
K
K
o
July .........
August....
September
October...
November.
December.
.286
.282
.248
.239
.225
.230
192.5
189,6
166.4
160.7
151.3
154.7
.159
.155
.118
.126
.130
.140
155.1
151.2
115.1
123.2
126.8
136.6
.343
.362
.378
.345
.288
.251
230.5
243.6
254.0
232.2
193.5
169.1
.385
.380
.385
.384
.388
.303
252.8
249.5
252.8
252.1
254.4
198.6
58.900
57.063
50.150
44.125
46.667
47.050
262.1
253.9
223.2
196.4
207.7
209.4
.320
.314
.305
.258
.239
.264
221.0
217.0
210.6
178.1
165.1
182.6
.354
.371
.374
.376
.351
.345
193.9
203.4
204.9
205.9
192.6
189.1
.305
.323
.335
.329
.325 ,
.325
168.7
178.7
185.3
182.0
179.8
179.8
PRICES
OF
AVERAGE
191 5
191 6
191 7
191S....................
1919....................
O
o
hH
W
&
oo
64
T able 9 .—AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES OP COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919— Continued.
'
Food, etc.
Milk: fresh.
Year or month.
Chicago.
Rela Average
tive
price per
quart.
price.
San Francisco.
Rela Average
tive price per
quart.
price.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. gallon.
Olive oil.
Oleomargarine.
Oleo oil.
Italian.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Rela Average Average
tive price per price per
price.
gallon.
gallon.
SO. 026
.027
.027
.028
.026
74.5
75.6
75.9
79.0
74.5
$0.354
.279
.319
.335
.309
78.7
62.0
70.8
74.4
68.7
1895....................................
1896............................................
1897......................................
1898...................................................
1899........................
.025
.023
.024
.024
.025
71.7
66.3
66.6
67.7
71.7
.308
.325
.262
.308
.353
72.1
58.2
68.5
78.3
1900..............................................
1901............................................
1902......................................
1903....................................
1904.................................................
.027
.026
.029
.029
.028
77.6
74.2
81.6
81.6
77.9
.478
.378
.364
.355
.340
106.1
84.1
80.8
78.8
75.5
1905........................
1900................................................
1907......................................
1908...................................................
1909..............................................
.029
.030
.034
.033
.034
81.9
85.3
94.9
93.2
95.7
.323
.340
.409
. 355
.350
71.8
75.6
90.8
78.9.
77.8
1910............................................
1911.........................................
1912......................................
1913.................................................
1914...........................................
104.2
95.2
104.2
100.0
99.4
$0,039
.039
100.0
100.5
.370
.406
.435
.450
.477
82.3
90.3
96.8
100.0
106.0
$0,163
.161
100.0
99.0
$0.115
.109
100.0
94.2
$2,004
2.075
100.6
109.9
160.9
198.0
.038
.038
.046
.066
97.4
96.2
117.4
168.5
.467
.450
.491
.704
103.7
100.0
109.2
156.4
*158
.177
.255
.295
97.4
108.7
156.9
181.5
.122
.140
.217
.257
105.7
121.2
187.7
222.4
2.177
2.035
99.7
103.4
138.5
169.8
.036
.039
.057
.070
1919.
.038
.039
.052
.064
TO
100.0
100.8
1890
1915...................................................
1916.....................................................
1917.....................................................
1918.....................................................1
$0.038
.038
Rela
tive
price.
PRICES,
1890................................................
1891...................................................
1892...................................................
1893................................................
1894...................................................
.037
.034
.037
.035
.035
Spanish.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
quart.
New York.
Molasses: New
Orleans, open
kettle.
100.0
103.5
$1,555
2.358
3.432
108-6
109.6
154.2
224.2
194.7
.076
214.7
.074
190.5
.825
183.4
.343
210.8
.306
265.5
2.954
193.0
.045
.043
.040
.054
.045
.036
118.8
114.9
106.6
143.8
118.8
94.2
.051
.050
.049
.049
.048
.046
145.3
141.6
138.8
138.2
135.4
128.9
.038
.038
.038
.038
.038
.043
96.2
96.2
96.2
96.2
96.2
109.0
.450
.450
.450
.450
.450
.450
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.225
.225
.225
.245
.255
.255
138.5
138-5
138.5
150.8
156.9
156.9
.205
.208
.193
.203
.234
.245
177. 6
179.8
166.8
175.5
202.6
212.3
1.600
1.638
1.856
1.975
2.125
2.250
104.5
107.0
121.3
129.0
138.9
117.0
July.........
.047
.051
.051
.074
.070
.070
125.5
135.5
135.5
196.8
185.1
185.1
.050
.060
.060
.072
.077
.072
141.1
168.6
168.6
203.4
218.1
203.4
.043
.043
.058
.059
.059
.059
109.0
109.0
149.0
150.8
150.8
150.8
.450
.450
.550
.550
.550
.680
100.0
100.0
122.2
122.2
122.2
140.0
.255
.255
.265
.285
.285
.285
156.9
156.9
163.1
175.4
175.4
175.4
.213
.194
.213
.238
.243
.214
184.1
167.9
184.1
205.8
210.1
185.3
2.375
2.675
2.675
2.915
3.050
3.256
155.2
174.8
174.8
190.5
199.3
212.8
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
.070
.067
.064
.058
.046
.041
185.1
177.7
168.7
154.6
121.5
108.2
.081
.077
.075
.059
.058
.044
228.9
218.1
211.0
167.1
165.2
125.5
.066
.066
.066
.059
.059
.059
170.0
170.0
170.0
150.8
150.8
150.8
.682
.690
.690
.690
.690
.690
151.6
153.3
153.3
153.3
153.3
153.3
.285
.285
.285
.285
.285
.285
175.4
175.4
175.4
175.4
175.4
175.4
.223
.233
.250
.248
.240
.242
192.8
201.5
216.6
214.5
207.5
209.6
3.300
3.300
3.413
4.063 ;
C1)
(*)
215.6
215.6
223.0
265.5
PEICES
July..........
A ugust___
September.
October...
November.
December.
.053
.063
.066
.075
.082
.084
141.4
166.3
175.3
197.6
217.5
222.8
.054
.063
.068
.082
.087
.092
152.4
179.3
191.2
231.7
246.5
261.5
.059
.059
.074
.074
.074
.074
150.8
150.8
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
.690
.690
.690
.690
.790
.790
153.3
153.3
153.3
153.3
175.6
175.6
.285
.295
.295
.305
.325
.325
175.4
181.5
181.5
187.7
200.0
200.0
.256
.260
.263
.278
.285
.302
222.1
225.3
227.5
240.5
247.0
261.6
(*)
C1)
0)
(1)
0)
0)
.084
221.8
.078
207.7
.068 : 181.2
.064
168.7
,057
152.0
.057
152.0
.091
.081
.076
.066
.072
.068
258.7
230.3
216.2
187.8
204.0
193.5
.074
.074
.074
.074
.0V4
.074
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
.790
.790
.790
.790
.790
.790
175.6
175. 6
175. 6
175.6
175.6
175.6
.325
.325
.315
.315
.345
.355
200.0
200.0
193.8
193.8
212.3
218.5
.313
.302
.283
.294
.317
.329
270.8
261. 6
244.8
254.6
274.5
285.2
(1)
(1)
(1)
2.840
2.638
2.850
185.5
172.3
186.2
.068
,079
,081
082
081
081
.071
.073
.075
.073
.078
.085
200.6
207.7
212.5
206.8
219.5
240.8
.074
.074
.074
.074
.074
.079
189.2
189.2
189. 2
189.2
182.2
203.1
.790
.790
.798
.833
.880
1.042
175.6
175.6
177.3
185.0
195.6
231.6
.355
.355
.365
.345
.355
.355
218.5
218.5
224.6
212.3
218.5
218.5
.338
.308
.303
.283
.308
.305
292.5
266.5
262.1
244.8
266.5
264.3
2.855
3.313
3.125
3.000
3.000
3.000
186.5
216.4
204.1
196.0
196.0
196.0
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
181.2
210.1
214.3
218.3
214.3
214.3
1 No
COMMODITIES,
July..........
A ugust___
September.
October...
November.
December.
IMPOBTANT
1919—January...
February..
March.......
A pril.........
May..........
June..........
OF
.073
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May___
June.........
AVEEAGE
146726°— 20— Bull. 269-
1919......................
ion.
CD
Crc
T able 9 .—A VER AG E WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
c*
05'
Food, etc.
Rice.
Year or month.
Salt: American.
Blue Rose, head.
Relative
price.
Starch: com.
Average
price per
barrel.
Relative
price.
Average
price per
pound.
R elative
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Relative
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Relative
price.
77.7
77.1
74.3
68.8
70.5
$0,028
.032
.022
.029
.027
275.0
317.0
218^0
285.0
268.0
$0,115
.087
.069
.060
.052
106.1
80.5
63.5
54.8
47.6
$0,055
.060
.060
.060
.057
91.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
94.5
1895.........................................
1896.........................................
1897.........................................
1898.........................................
1899.........................................
.053
.0&2
.054
.061
.061
96.2
93.7
97.8
109.7
109.6
.702
.623
.661
.665
.637
68.8
61.0
64.8
65.2
62.4
.018
.015
.015
.013
.012
177.0
152.0
150.0
129.0
117.0
.050
.050
.066
.089
.112
45.8
46.1
61.2
82.1
102.9
.055
.051
.050
.050
.050
92.3
85.5
83.3
83.3
83.3
1900.........................................
1901.........................................
1902.........................................
1903.........................................
1904.........................................
.055
.055
.056
.057
.044
98.9
98.9
100.9
102.3
79.6
1.001
.857
.636
.614
.770
98.1
84.0
62.4
60.2
75.5
.012
.011
.011
.013
.013
123.0
107.0
108.0
129.0
130.0
.129
.129
.126
.129
.123
119.0
119.1
115.7
118.8
113.3
.050
.047
.044
.051
.053
83.3
78.3
73.3
84.5
87.5
1905.........................................
1906.........................................
1907.........................................
1908.........................................
1909.........................................
.042
.047
.053
.062
.062
75.3
85.6
96.4
112.6
111.7
.755
.714
.793
.785
.818
74.0
70.0
77.8
77.0
80.1
.013
.013
.013
.011
.010
130.0
130.0
130.0
110.0
100.0
.122
.114
.099
.072
.071
112.2
104.9
91.6
65.9
65.5
.055
.058
.060
.058
.060
92.0
96.2
100.0
95.8
100.0
1910........................................
1911.........................................
1912.........................................
1913.........................................
1914.........................................
.055
.050
.055
.055
.059
$0,051
98.7
90.4
98.7
100.0
106.5
.755
.828
.988
1.020
1.020
74.0
81.1
96.8
100.0
100.0
.010
.010
.010
.010
.010
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.080
.097
.115
.109
.116
73.7
89.1
106.0
100.0
107.3
.060
.060
.060
.060
.062
100.0
100.0
$9.3
100.0
102.8
.048
.045
.065
.089
98.6
94.0
134.5
184.2
1.070
1.145
1.623
1.976
104.9
112.3
159.1
193.7
.010
.016
.021
.030
103.0
158.0
213.0
297.0
.136
.176
.236
.256
125.1
162.2
217.3
235.7
.065
.068
.067
.069
108.3
113.2
112.3
114.5
1915.........................................
1916........................................
1917........................................
1918.........................................
$0,040
.038
.063
.082
0)
(i)
0)
(*)
1919.
$0,792
.787
.758
.702
.719
TO
109.2
115.0
102.7
82.9
94.9
1890
SO.061
.064
.057
.046
.053
PRICES,
1890.........................................i...................
1891________________ _____ '__________
1892.........................................
1893.........................................
1 8 9 4 . . . . . ................................
Domestic, Honduras,
head,
choice,
average
average Relative
price.
price per
price per
pound.
pound.
Spices: pepper,
black, Singapore.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Soda: bicarbonate of,
American.
.098
0)
.106
219.6
2.053
201.3
.025
253.0
.202
186.5
.069
114.5
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
.035
.035
.040
.063
.071
.072
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.048
.048
.048
.049
.070
.071
98.4
98.4
98.4
102.4
145.0
146.3
1.450
1.450
1.450
1.600
1.600
1.600
142.2
142.2
142.2
156.9
156.9
156.9
.018
.018
.018
.018
.020
.020
175.0
175.0
175.0
17*. 0
200.0
200.0
.209
.206
.243
.243
.243
.268
192.4
190.1
223.5
223.5
223.5
246.5
.075
.075
.075
.068
.068
.068
125.0
125.0
125.0
112.5
112.5
112.5
July..........
August___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
.072
.071
.070
.075
.073
.073
0)
(J)
0)
0)
0)
.071
.072
.070
.077
.078
.079
146.3
149.0
145.0
159.4
160.6
164.5
1.600
1.740
1.740
1.740
1.750
1.750
156.9
170.6
170.6
170.6
171.6
171.6
.023
.023
.025
.025
.025
.025
225.0
225.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
.246
.238
.236
.230
.233
.238
227.0
218.9
217.8
212.0
214.3
218.9
.068
.076
.074
.074
.074
.074
112.5
127.2
123.0
123.0
123.0
123.0
AVERAGE
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
.073
.073
.078
.085
.088
.089
0)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.079
.081
.085
.090
.091
.091
164.5
168.7
175.5
185.4
187.7
189.2
1.750
1.879
1.950
1.950
1.950
1.992
171.6
184.2
191.2
191.2
191.2
195.3
.023
.025
.026
.026
.025
.028
225.0
253.0
260.0
260.0
250.0
280.0
.235
.237
.245
.264
.277
.281
216.4
218.6
226.1
243.3
254.9
258.6
.071
.071
.071
.073
.073
.073
118.8
118.8
118.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
PBICES
July..........
August___
September.
-October...
November.
December.
.093
.094
(2)
.079
.079
.079
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.094
.091
.091
.091
.091
.091
195.0
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
189.2
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
.030
.031
.033
.036
.039
.034
295.0
311.0
331.0
360.0
390.0
338.0
.274
.266
.263
.254
.242
.236
252.1
245.4
241.9
233.6
222.9
217.5
.067
.067
.068
.064
.064
.064
111.0
111.0
112.7
106.8
106.8
106.8
1919— January. . .
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
.078
.077
.071
.078
.077
.082
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
C1)
.091
.091
.091
.089
.088
.091
189.2
187.7
189.2
183.4
183.2
189.2
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
.028
.028
.028
.026
.024
.024
281.0
275.0
275.0
255.0
.235.0
235.0
.229
.219
.198
.177
.186
.204
210.9
201.7
182.6
163.1
171.4
188.4
.064
.064
.064
.073
.073
.075
106.8
106.8
106.8
120.8
120.8
125.0
July..........
August___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
.109
.135
.120
.113
.114
.114
C1)
C1)
o
0)
0)
0)
.117
.143
.127
.121
.127
.124
243.0
296.9
262.7
250.5
262.9
256.5
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.040
2.195
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
215.2
.024
.024
.024
.026
.027
.024 i
238.0
240.0
240.0
259.0
265.0
240.0
.221
.215
.208
.203
.197
.180
203.5
198.2
191.2
186.6
181.5
165.4
quotation.
COMMODITIES.
2 No
IMPORTANT
1 No relative price computed.
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
OF
1919......................
T able 9.—A VER AG E W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
a>
oo
Food, etc.
Sugar.
Year or month.
96° centrifugal.
Vegetables: fresh.
Granulated.
Rela
tive
price per
price. pound.
Onions.
Packers’
New
prime,
Rela Average
York,
Chicago,
tive price per
Rela average average
pound.
price
per
price.
tive
price per
pound.
price. pound.
Potatoes: white.
Rela
tive New York, New York, Chicago,
price.
average
average
average
price per price per
price per
100 pounds.
sack.
barrel.
Ordinary Good to
Rela to fancy, choice,
average average
tive
price. price per price per
bushel.
bushel.
Rela
tive
price.
144.5
110.3
101.9
113.3
96.3
$0,046
.048
.046
.054
.048
73.2
76.9
73.7
86.6
76.4
$0.273
.282
.301
.289
.278
110.1
113.4
121.1
116.3
112.1
$4,344
4.125
3.604
3.188
3.250
129.0
122.5
107.0
94.7
96.5
$0,596
.773
.455
.671
.613
100.4
130.3
76.6
113.2
103.3
1895
1896
1897
1898,
1899
.033
.036
.036
.042
.044
92.9
103.4
101.7
121.1
126.3
.042
.045
.045
.050
.049
97.4
106.1
105.4
116.4
115.2
.043
.034
.033
.036
.045
69.1
54.6
52.9
56.7
72.1
.270
.258
.280
.296
.312
108.7
104.0
112.8
119.1
125.5
3.115
1.948
3.927
3.271
3.224
92.5
57.8
116.6
97.2
95.8
.433
.197
.328
.509
.417
72.9
33.1
55.3
85.9
70.3
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
.046
.040
.035
.037
.040
130.6
115.4
101.1
106.3
113.4
.053
.051
.045
.046
.048
124.8
118.3
104.4
108.7
111.7
.049
.052
.063
.051
.046
77.2
82.5
100.2
81.2
73.1
.285
.302
.230
.276
119.9
114.8
121.4
92.5
111.1
2.427
3.500
3.646
3.568
3.557
72.1
103.9
108.2
105.9
105.7
.374
.564
.596
.525
.730
63.0
95.1
100.4
88.5
123.1
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
.043
.037
.038
.041
.040
122.3
105.4
107.1
116.0
114.3
.053
.045
.047
.049
.048
123.2
105.9
108.9
115.7
111.5
.045
.053
.062
.055
.059
71.5
84.2
98.9
87.7
94.6
. 2G8
.235
.230
.213
.233
107.7
94.6
92.6
85.9
3.239
3.292
3.500
3.536
3.089
96.2
97.7
103.9
105.0
91.7
.403
.548
.491
.712
67.9
92.3
82.8
120.0
115.6
1910
1911
1912
.042
.045
.042
.050
.053
.051
.073
.065
.062
116.1
103.3
98.9
100.0
97.2
.240
.242
.245
88.1
92.2
78.4
.428
.771
.913
.248
96.7
97.5
98.7
100.0
100.0
2.964
3.104
.047
116.2
124.8
118.3
100.0
110.3
.056
130.2
.240
96.7
1914
.038
119.7
127.4
118.9
100.0
109.7
1915,
.047
132.9
1913
.035
.043
.063
$0,071
.069
.248
$1,804
2.120
1.304
$0,857
1.510
100.0
.693
72.1
129.9
154.0
100.0
112.8
39.6
.455
74.0
56.7
.593
$0,614
1919,
$0,062
.047
.044
.048
.041
TO
156.0
111.7
94.9
105.1
92.3
1890
$0,055
.039
.033
.037
.032
PRICES,
1890.
1891
1892.
1893
1894
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Tea: Formosa,
fine.
Tallow.
161.1
180.6
182.4
209.4
.099
,156
.179
.154
139.9
220.5
253.6
217.1
.240
.306
.358
.353
93.7
123.4
144.3
142,3
1.313
2.664
1.059
1.953
86.9
176.4
123.6
228.0
1.111
1.923
.972
1.427
180.8
313.0
158.3
232.3
1917—January........
February___
March............
A pril.............
M ay..............
June..............
.052
.052
.055
.062
.061
.060
149.7
147.7
156.6
177.4
173.7
172.6
.066
.069
.071
.082
.079
.075
155.0
160.7
165.3
190.9
185.9
176.6
.115
.116
.124
.139
.166
.189
162.7
164.5
175.1
196.3
235.2
267.0
.240
.240
.240
.240
.263
.283
96.7
96.7
96.7
96.7
105.7
113.8
3.250
5.563
5.000
5.083
2. 250
1.938
215.2
368.3
331.0
336.6
149.0
128.3
1.795
2.469
2.275
2.669
2.705
2.950
292.2
401.9
370.3
434.4
440.3
480.2
July..............
August..........
September. . .
October.........
N ovem ber...
December___
.066
.073
.070
.069
.069
.063
189.1
207. r
198.9
197.1
197.1
181.1
.075
.082
.082
.082
.082
.080
174.5
191.6
192.7
191.6
191.6
188.3
.178
.149
.176
.173
.169
.179
251.1
210.5
248.4
244.0
238.8
252.9
.365
.365
.365
.365
.355
.355
147.0
147.0
147.0
147.0
143.0
143.0
1.125
1.088
1.288
1.630
1.481
1.369
74.5
72.0
85.2
107.9
98.1
90.6
2.375
1.458
1.094
1.188
1.136
1.088
386.6
237.4
178.1
193.4
185.0
177.0
1918—January.........
February--March............
April.............
M ay..............
June..............
.060
.060
.060
.060
.060
.060
171.7
171.7
171.7
171.7
171.7
172.0
.074
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
174.2
171.0
171.0
171.0
171.0
171.2
.176
.175
.175
.175
.174
.172
249.4
2*6.8
247.2
247.1
245.5
243.1
.355
.355
.355
.355
.355
.355
143.0
143.0
143.0
143.0
143.0
143.0
1.295
1.188
. 656
.810
1.000
0)
85.7
78.6
43.5
53.6
66.2
1.272
1.136
.690
.687
.675
.949
207.1
185.0
112.3
111.8
109.9
154.5
July...............
August..........
September. . .
October........
N ovem ber...
December___
.061
.061
.070
.073
.073
.073
173.1
173.1
199.1
208.0
208.0
208.0
.074
.074
.085
.088
.088
.088
172.1
172.1
197.9
206.6
206.6
206.6
.178
.187
.195
.200
.193
.149
251.9
264.5
275.4
282.9
273.4
211.3
.355
.355
.363
.365
.365
.365
143.0
143.0
146.0
147.0
147.0
147.0
1.750
1.650
1.238
.750
.756
.840
115.9
109.2
81.9
49.7
50.1
55.6
1.035
1.530
1.361
.993
.964
1.023
168.5
249.1
221.6
161.7
156.9
166.5
February___
March............
April..............
M ay..............
June..............
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
208.0
208.0
208.0
208.0
208.0
208.0
.088
.088
.088
.088
.088
.088
206.6
206.6
206.6
206.6
206.6
206.6
.110
.101
.103
.126
.149
.160
154.9
*L42.7
145.0
177.7
210.0
226.3
.365
.365
.353
.340
.343
.350
147.0
147.0
142.0
136.9
137. *9
141.0
1.063
.917
0)
0)
0)
(0
124.0
107.0
1.084
1.001
1.001
1.152
1.211
.926
176.4
163.0
163.0
187.5
197.2
150.8
Ju ly...............
A u g u st.........
September. . .
October........
N ovem ber...
December___
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
.103
208.0
208.0
208.0
208.0
208.0
294.0
.088
.088
.088
.088
.088
.109
206.6
206.6
206.6
206.6
206.6
254.1
.205
.193
.170
.187
.172
.162
290.4
272.3
240.9
264.9
243.6
229.0
.350
.350
.350
.350
.361
.365
141.0
141.0
141.0
.141.0
145.5
147.0
2.250
2.813
1.950
2.281
2.719
2.350
262.6
211.5
227.6
226.3
317.3
274.3
1.683
2.415
1.566
1.350
1.665
1.917
274.0
391.1
254.9
219.8
271.0
312.1
1919— January___
5
tel
W
o
t=j
COMMODITIES,
.069
.077
.078
.089
IMPORTANT
165.4
179.4
183.1
214.6
OF
.058
.063
.064
.075
PRICES
1916.........................
1917.........................
1918.........................
1919..........................
i No quotation.
G*
CO
T able 9 o—AVER AG E W HO LESALE PRICE OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Food, etc.
Cloths and clothing.
Vinegar: cider.
Boots and shoes.
Men’s.
uiuuibu s;
Year or month.
.unue uuys : gun
metal, blucher.
Gun metal, Good Gun metal, Good
year welt, blucher. year welt, button.
Split
seamless
Brogans, Seamless
CreedCreedsplit,
mores,
mores,
Relative
average average
i-double
price.
Average Relative Average Relative Average Relative Average Relative price per price
per
sole,
aver
pair.
price pdr price.
price
per
price per price.
price per
pair.
age price
price.
price.
pair.
pair.
pair.
pair.
per pair.
WHOLESALE
Series 1, Series 2,
average average Relative
price per price per
price.
gallon.
gallon.
guu
metal, button.
$0.156
.180
.164
.150
.150
103.9
120.0
109.5
100.0
100.0
$1,050
1.050
1.038
1.013
.969
73.2
73.5
72.3
70. €
67. €
PRICES,
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897..........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
.145
.130
.130
.133
.140
96.7
86.7
86.7
88.3
93.3
.981
.994
.950
.913
.938
6 8. 4
69. 3
66.5
63.6
65.2
1890
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
.135
.133
.141
.130
.133
90.0
88.3
93.9
86.7
88.3
1905..........................
1906..........................
1907..........................
1908..........................
1909..........................
.146
.170
.173
.184
.180
97.2
113.3
115.0
122.8
120.0
1.004
1.254
1.273
1.135
1.200
1910..........................
1911..........................
1912..........................
.175
.199
.157
116.7
132.5
104.7
1.138
.150
.174
100.0
io . 136
116.1
.925
$0,833
.873
100.0
104.9
$0,970
100.0
.970
100.0
$1,955
2.121
ioo.o
108.5
$2. m
2.773
65 J
.944
.931
.925
100.0
105.3
65. £
64.5
6 4 .1
64. £
70. (
87.*
88. 'j
79.1
83.1
$1.100
1.063
1.231
1.385
SI.112
1.152
79.-5
76. <
88.5
100. (
103. 1
1919.
1913............................
1914............................
.938
XO
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
105.0
127.5
176.9
180.7
235.5
2.250
2.675
3.350
4.054
5.883
115.1
136.8
171.4
207.4
300.9
2.900
3.404
4.250
4.708
6.750
110.2
129.3
161.5
178.9
256.4
1.265
1.322
1.504
1.509
1.967
113.7
118.8
135.2
135.3
176.8
1917—January. . .
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
115
115
115
,115
,115
,125
103.0
103.0
103.0
103.0
103.0
112.0
1.310
1.310
1.601
1.601
1.601
1.601
157.3
157.3
192.2
192.2
192.2
192.2
1.504
1.504
1.795
1.795
1.795
1.795
155.0
155.0
185.0
185.0
185.0
185.0
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.250
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
1.504
1.504
1.504
1.504
1.504
1.504
135.2
135.2
135.2
135.2
135.2
135.2
July..........
August —
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
,130
,140
,160
.300
.320
.320
116.4
125.4
143.4
268.8
286.7
286.7
1.601
1.601
1.601
1.601
1.568
1.568
192.2
192.2
192.2
192.2
188.3
188.3
1.795
1.795
1.795
1.698
1.663
1.663
185.0
185.0
185.0
175.0
171.4
171.4
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.250
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
1.504
1.504
1.504
1.504
1.504
1.504
135.2
135.2
135.2
135.2
135.2
135.2
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
.290
.340
.340
.320
.320
.320
259.8
304.5
304.5
286.7
286.7
286.7
1.568
1.568
1.568
1.568
1.568
1.568
188.3
188.3
188.3
188.3
188.3
188.3
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.663
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.500
4.000
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
179.0
204.6
4.250
4.250
4.250
4.25Q
4.500
4.750
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
171.0
180.5
1.504
1.504
1.457
1.457
1.457
1.481
135.2
135.2
131.0
131.0
131.0
133.1
July.*.........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
.320
.320
.330
.340
.340
.310
286.7
286.7
295.6
304.5
304.5
277.7
1.635
1.663
1.663
1.663
1.742
1.758
196.4
199.7
199.7
199.7
209.2
211.1
1.797
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.853
185.2
191.0
191.0
191.0
191.0
191.0
4.250
4.500
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
217.4
230.2
243.0
243.0
243.0
243.0
4.850
5.000
5.350
5.350
5.350
5.350
184.3
190.0
203.3
203.3
203.3
203.3
1.504
1.504
1.551
1.551
1.551
1.585
135.2
135.2
139.4
139.4
139.4
142.5
1919—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
.310
.310
.310
.310
.250
.250
277.8
277.8
277.8
277.8
224.0
224.0
1.758
1.758
1.758
1.758
1.758
1.827
211.1
211.1
211.1
211.1
211.1
219.5
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.940
191.0
191.0
191.0
191.0
191.0
' 200.0
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.850
5.750
243.0
243.0
243.0
243.0
248.1
294.1
5.350
5.350
5.350
5.350
5.600
6.750
203.3
203.3
203.3
203.3
212.8
256.4
1.765
1.833
1.833
1.833
1.833
1.858
158.7
164.8
164.8
164.8
164.8
167.1
.300
.340
.350
.320
.320
.340
268.8
304.7
313.6
286.8
286.8
304.7
2.119
2.708
2.708
2.442
2.470
2.470
254.5
325.2
325.2
293.3
296.7
296.7
2.272
2.898
2.898
2.632
2.755
2.755
234.3
298.7
298.7
271.3
284.0
284.0
6.000
7.000
7.000
7.000
7.000
7.000
306.9
358.1
358.1
358.1
358.1
358.1
7.250
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
275. 4
303.9
303.9
303.9
303.9
303.9
1.971
2.097
2.115
2.115
2.162
2.188
177.2
188.5
190.1
190.1
194.4
196.7
June..........
July.........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
1
I
COMMODITIES.
1.019
1.237
1.716
1.753
2.284
IMPORTANT
105.8
130.1
185.8
195.4
255.5
OE
.881
1.083
1.547
1.627
2.128
PRICES
101.5
116.4
154.5
290.4
277.1
5
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
113
130
173
324
309
191
191
191
191
191
T able 9 .—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
bO
Cloths and clothing.
Boots and shoes.
Misses’.
Men’s.
Youths’.
Women’s.
Year or month.
Gun metal,
Gun
Vici patent,
Vici kid, Good
Vici calf,
Goodyear welt,
metal,
button.
year welt.
Solid
Good
button.
McKay
year welt, Rela
grain,
sewed,
blucher,
average button,
tive
average price. Average Rela Average Rela Average Rela price per average
pair.
price per
price per
price per tive price per tive price per tive
pair.
pair.
pair.
pair.
pair.
price.
price.
price.
Patent leather,
pump, McKay
sewed.
Rela
tive
price. Average
price per
pair.
$2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.400
83.5
83.5
82.5
83.5
83.5
$2,500
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
87.2
87.2
87.2
87.2
87.2
$0,850
.800
.775
.750
.750
73.9
69.6
67.4
65.2
65.2
......................
...........................
......................
..............................
.............................
2.400
2.400
2.400
2.320
2.240
83.5
83.5
83.5
80.7
77.9
2.250
2.250
2.000
2.000
2.000
78.5
78.5
69.8
69.8
69.8
.850
.850
.850
.850
.850
73.9
73.9
73.9
73.9
73.9
1900 ..................................
1901
.......................
1902
.................
1903
...........................
1904
.............
2.240
2.300
2.300
2.350
2.350
77.9
80.0
80.0
81.7
81.7
2.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
2.008
69.8
69.8
69.8
69.8
70.1
.904
.854
.863
.888
.918
78.6
74.3
75.0
77.2
79.9
1905
.........................
1906...................................
1907 ..............................
1908...................................
1909...................................
2.375
$2,570
2.775
2.800
2.800
2.950
82.6
89.1
89.9
89.9
94.8
2.196
2.379
2.500
2.500
2.600
76.6
83.0
87.2
87.2
90.7
.977
1.031
1.006
.969
1.040
85.0
89.2
87.5
84.2
90.4
3.017
3.000
3.058
3.113
3.175
96.9
96.4
98.2
100.0
102.0
2.600
2.617
2.733
2.867
2.983
90.7
91.3
95.3
100.0
104.1
1.023
1.017
1.090
1.150
88.9
88.4
94.7
100.0
105.0
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1910...................................
1911 .................................
1912...................................
1913...................................
$1,019
1.019
100.0
100.0
$2,175
2.275
100.0
104.6
$1,659
1.741
Rela Average
tive price per
pair.
price.
Rela
tive
price.
PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
1890
. . . ...............
1891
.................
1892
♦ ....................
1893
..............................
1894 ..................................
Gun metal,
blucher.
WHOLESALE
Calf bal.,
Good
year welt,
dongola
top,
average
price per
pair.
,
$1,375
1.458
100.0
106.1
$1,027
1.071
100.0
104.3
191
191
191
191
191
5
6
7
8
9
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November..
December..
2.350
2.763
3.500
4.204
5.879
108.0
127.0
160.9
193.3
270.3
1.850
2.333
3.250
3.708
5.029
111.5
140.7
195.9
223.6
303.2
1.500
1.908
2.750
2.938
4.079
109.1
138.8
200.0
213.6
296.7
1.128
1.334
1.757
1.716
2.118
109.8
129.9
171.1
167.1
206.3
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
4. 750
152.6
152.6
152.6
152.6
152.6
152.6
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.100
5.100
174.4
174.4
174.4
174.4
177.9
177.9
1.746
1.746
1.892
1.892
1.892
1.892
171.4
171.4
185.7
185.7
185.7
185.7
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
1.649
1.649
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.843
160.6
160.6
179.5
179.5
179.5
179.5
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.750
152.6
152.6
152.6
152.6
152.6
152.6
5.100
5.100
5.100
5.100
5.100
5.100
177.9
177.9
177.9
177.9
177.9
177.9
1.892
1.892
1.892
1.892
1.853
1.853
185.7
185.7
185.7
185.7
181.9
181.9
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
1.843
1.843
1.843
1.649
1.615
1.615
179.5
179.5
179.5
160.6
157.3
157.3
4.750
4.750
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.350
152.6
152.6
160.6
160.6
160.6
171.9
5.100
5.100
5.100
5.250
5.250
5.250
177.9
177.9
177.9
183.1
183.1
183.1
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.853
1.995
1.995
181.9
181.9
181.9
181.9
195.9
195.9
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.650
4.150
160.9
160.9
160.9
160.9
167.8
190.8
3.250
3. 250
3.250
3.250
3.500
3.750
195.9
195.9
195.9
195.9
211.0
226.1
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.850
3.000
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
207.3
218.2
1.615
1.615
1.615
1.615
1.615
1.710
157.3
157.3
157.3
157.3
157.3
166.6
5.645
6.000
6.433
6.500
6.500
6.500
181.3
192.7
206.7
208.8
208.8
208.8
5.500
5.750
5.750
5.750
5.750
5.750
191.9
200.6
200.6
200.6
200.6
200.6
2.096
2.138
2.138
2.138
2.138
2.138
205.8
209.9
209.9
209.9
.209.9
209.9
4.500
4.750
4.850
4.850
4.850
4.850
206.9
218.4
223.0
223.0
223.0
223.0
3.850
4.000
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
232.1
241.1
247.2
247.2
247.2
247.2
3.150
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
229.1
236.4
236.4
236.4
236.4
236.4
1.778
1.805
1.805
1.805
1.805
1.805
173.1
175.8
175.8
175.8
175.8
175.8
6.500
6.500
6.500
6.500
6.742
7.100
208.8
208.8
208.8
208.8
216.6
228.1
5.750
6.000
6.250
6.250
6.500
6.500
200.6
209.3
218.0
218.0
226.7
226.7
2.138
2.138
2.138
2.138
2.138
2.294
209.9
209.9
209.9
209.9
209.9
225.3
4.850
4.850
4.850
4.850
5.000
5.850
223.0
223.0
223.0
223.0
229.9
269.0
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.250
5.000
247.2
247.2
247.2
247.2
256.2
301.4
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.500
3.850
236.4
236.4
236.4
236.4
254.5
280.0
1.805
1.805
1.805
1.805
1.805
1.892
175.8
175.8
175.8
175.8
175.8
184.3
7.476
7.750
8.875
9.000
9.058
9.250 i
240.1
249.0
285.1
289.1
291.0
297.1
6.750
8.250
8.500
8.500
8.850
8.850
235.5
287.8
296.5
296.5
308.7
308.7
2.801
3.610
3.610
3.231
3.135
3.135
275.0
354.4
354.4
317.2
307.8
307.8
6.250
6.750
6.750
6.850
6.850
6.850
287.4
310.3
310.3
314.9
314.9
314.9
5.500
5.750
5.750
5.900
5.900
5.900
331.6
346.6
346.6
355.7
355.7
355.7
4.350
4.850
4.850
4.850
4.850
4.850
316.4
352.7
352.7
352.7
352.7
352.7
2.171
2.613
2.613
2.355
2.375
2.375
211.5
254.5
254.5
229.4
231.3
231.3
COMMODITIES,
1919—January...
February.
March.......
A pril........
May..........
June.........
1.075 i 105.6
1.415
138.9
1.861
182.7
2.015
197.9
2.709
265.9
IMPORTANT
J u ly ...........
August___
September.
October —
November.
December..
108.3
122.2
176.7
189.8
252.8
OF
1918—January...
February.
March___
April.........
May.........
June.........
3.104
3.504
5.067
5.442
7.246
PRICES
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.,
December..
104.5
119.3
152.6
180.8
244.3
AVERAGE
1917—January...
February.
March........
April........
M ay..........
June.........
3.254
3.713
4.750
5.628
7.604
CO
-3
T able 9.-—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Cotton goods.
Carpets.
Brussels: 5-frame, Wilton: 5-frame,
Bigelow.
Bigelow.
Year or month.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
yard.
Rela Average
tive price per
yard.
price.
11-4,5
pounds to 2 pounds
the
to the
Rela cottonpair,
pair,
warp,
tive
average
cotton
and
price. wool filling, price per
pair.
average price
per pound.
Ameri
Coeheco
can
Rela prints, standard
prints,
average
tive
price. price per average
yard.
price per
yard.
Denims.
AmosMassa
keag,
chusetts,
Rela
average average
tive
price. price per price per
yard.
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
$1,032
1.128
1.032
.984
.936
79.9
87.3
79.9
76.2
72.4
$1,920
2.016
1.920
1.920
1.920
79.7
83.7
79.7
79.7
79.7
$0.460
.460
.430
.420
.410
66.4
66.4
62.1
60.6
59.1
$0,065
.058
.065
.063
.055
114.5
101.3
114.5
110.1
96.6
$0.118
.114
.114
.118
.110
82.9
80.7
80.7
82.9
77.6
1895.........................
1896.........................
1897.........................
1898.........................
1899.........................
.420
.408
.432
.468
.456
68.9
66.9
70.9
76.8
74.8
.936
.936
.960
1.032
1.032
72.4
72.4
74.3
79.9
79.9
1.680
1.680
1.728
1.824
1.824
69.8
69.8
71.8
75.7
75.7
.400
.400
.420
.420
.420
57.8
57.8
60.6
60.6
60.6
.053
.053
.050
.045
.048
92.5
92.5
88.1
79.3
85.1
.099
.099
.093
.090
.090
69.7
69.7
65.7
63.3
63.2
1900.........................
1901.........................
1902.........................
1903.........................
1904.........................
.492
.480
.484
.514
.518
80.7
78.8
79.4
84.3
85.1
1.032
1.032
1.030
1.088
1.104
79.9
79.9
79.7
84.2
85.4
1.872
1.872
1.884
2.008
2.040
77.7
77.7
78.2
83.4
84.7
.525
.475
.475
.500
.525
75.8
68.6
68.6
72.1
75.8
.053
. 050
.050
.050
. 053
92.5
88.1
88.1
88.8
93.2
.107
.105
.105
.113
.122
75.7
73.8
74.1
79.5
85.9
1905.........................
1906.........................
1907.........................
1908.........................
1909.........................
.552
.552
.576
.554
.528
90.6
90.6
94.5
90.9
86.6
1.152
1.180
1.248
1.200
1.192
89.2
91.3
96.6
92.9
92.3
2.136
2.192
2.280
2.216
2.216
88.7
91.0
94.7
92.0
92.0
.600
.600
.600
$0.524
.504
.500
86.6
86.6
86.6
83.3
82.6
.052
.055
$0.050
.060
.052
.048
91.1
96.9
117.8
101.6
94.5
.108
.123
.138
.116
.125
76.4
87.0
97.5
81.9
88.4
1910.........................
1911.........................
1912.........................
.528
.528
.580
$ 1.024
86.6
86.6
95.2
1.200
1.200
1.240
2.232
2.232
2.312
1.076
100.0
1.292
92.9
92.9
96.0
92.7
92.7
96.0
.550
.570
.567
90.9
94.2
93.7
.053
.050
.050
103.9
97.6
97.6
.145
.138
.136
102.3
97.2
95.7
1913...........................
100.0
2.408
100.0
.605
100.0
.051
100.0
.142
100.0
TO 191$,
84.7
90.6
82.7
86.6
76.8
1890
$0.516
.552
.504
.528
.468
PRICES,
1890.........................
1891.........................
1892.........................
1893.........................
1894.........................
WHOLESALE
Ingrain: Axminster:
2-ply,
Lowell, Lowell,
average average
price per price per
pound.
yard.
Calico.
Blankets.
97.8
1.268
98,1
2.332
.640
105.8
.049
96.5
.140
1.084
1.372
1.638
2.070
2.402
100.7
127.5
152.2
192.4
223.3
1.296
1.544
1.838
2.621
3.407
100.3
119.5
142.3
202.9
263.7
2.429
2.880
3.416
4.505
5.412
100.9
119.6
141.9
187.1
224.7
.538
.734
1.234
1.894
1.695
88.8
121.3
204.0
313.0
280.1
.049
.064
.094
.162
.152
95.3
124.5
183.6
316.2
298.2
.164
1917—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
1.512
1.512
1.656
1.656
1.656
1.656
140.5
140.5
153.9
153.9
153.9
153.9
656
656
800
.800
128.2
128.2
139.3
139.3
143.0
143.0
3.168
3.168
3.456
3.456
3.456
3.456
131.6
131.6
143.5
143.5
143.5
143.5
.998
.998
.998
1.028
1.100
1.213
164.9
164.9
164.9
169.8
181.8
200.4
.078
.078
.078
.078
.078
.083
1.656
1.656
1.656
1.656
1.656
1.728
153.9
153.9
153.9
153.9
153.9
160.6
968
2.088
143.0
143.0
143.0
143.0
152.3
161.6
3.456
3.456
3.456
3.456
3.456
3.552
143.5
143.5
143.5
143.5
143.5
147.5
1.313
1.313
1.380
1.410
1.410
1.653
216.9
216.9
228.1
233.0
233.0
273.1
1.728
1.728
1.781
1.824
2.112
2.112
160.6
160.6
165.5
169.5
196.3
196.3
2.088
2.088
2.180
2.256
2.448
2.448
161.6
161.6
168.7
174.6
189.5
189.5
3.552
3.552
3.671
3.768
4.272
4.272
147.5
147.5
152.4
156.5
177.4
177.4
1.663
1.779
2.025
2.025
2.025
2.025
2.112
2.112
2.280
2.352
2.352
2.352
196.3
196.3
211.9
218.6
218.6
218.6
2.721
2.832
3.034
3.120
3.120
3.120
210.6
219.2
234.8
241.5
241.5
241.5
4.715
4.896
5.232
5.376
5.376
5.376
195.8
203.3
217.3
223.3
223.3
223.3
2.025
C1)
0)
1.790
1.790
1.790
2.352
2.352
2.200
2.208
2.270
2.304
218.6
218.6
206. 4
205.2
211.0
214.1
3.120
3.120
3.041
3.144
3.252
3.312
241.5
241.5
235.4
243.3
251.7
256.3
5.376
5.376
4.902
4.896
5.082
5.184
223.3
223.3
203.6
203.3
211.0
215.3
2.304
2.304
2.304
2.736
2. 736
2.736
214.1
214.1
214.1
254.3
3.312
3.312
3.312
3.984
3.984
3.984
256.3
256.3
256.3
308.4
308.4
308.4
5.184
5.184
5.184
6.192
6.192
6.192
215.3
215.3
215.3
257.1
257.1
257.1
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
254.3
254.3
1 No quotation.
.250
.250
.275
.280
.280
.290
194.5
194.5
214.0
217.8
217.8
225.5
.088
.112
.112
.112
.112
.117
172.0
218.4
218.4
218.4
218.4
227.8
.300
.310
.320
.340
.340
.350
233.3
241.2
249.0
264.5
264.5
272.2
274.8
294.1
234.7
234.7
234.7
234.7
.119
.135
:*)
.195
0)
0)
232.1
264.0
.350
.360
.373
.410
.400
.400
272.2
280.0
289.8
319.0
311.2
311.2
234.7
295.9
295.9
295.9
0)
C1)
C1)
173
173
173
339.3
339.3
339.3
.400
.345
.345
.345
.345
.345
311.2
268.4
268.4
268.4
268.4
268.4
1.736
1.691
1.691
1.691
1.691
1.691
286.9
279.5
279.5
279.5
279.5
279.5
173
125
109
109
123
147
339.3
245.2
213.9
213.9
239,9
288.3
.343
.343
.315
.272
.283
.324
266.8
266.8
244.7
211.6
220.1
252.3
1.691
1.691
1.691
1.691
1.691
1.691
279.5
279.5
279.5
279.5
279.5
279.5
158
171
171
171
181
190
308.8
334.6
334.6
334.6
353.2
371.8
.346
.383
.392
.392
.404
.428
269.0
298.1
304.9
304.9
314.6
332.7
381.2
COMMODITIES.
1919—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
153.4
153.4
153.4
153.4
153. 4
162.6
IMPORTANT
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.,
December..
115.9
177.6
232.4
286.4
273.8
OF
1918—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
98.9
$0.149
.228
.299
.368
.352
PRICES
1.052
1915..
1916..
1917..
1918.
1919..
AVERAGE
1914..
-a
T able 9.—AVE R A G E W H OLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Cotton goods.
Drillings: brown.
Ginghams.
Flannel.
Year or month.
Colored, 2\ yards to
the pound.
Stark A.,
average
price per
yard.
Massachu
setts D
standard, Relative
average
price.
price per
yard.
Average
price per
yard.
Average
price per
yard.
Relative
price.
86.4
86.4
82.7
71.6
66.6
$0.069
.069
.065
.058
.055
86.9
86.9
82.1
72.6
69.4
$0,063
.065
.065
.063
.049
96.2
100.0
100.0
97.1
74.6
$0.069
.070
.070
.064
.050
112.0
113.3
113.3
103.2
81.6
.065
.065
.058
.058
.062
64.2
64.2
56.8
56.8
61.1
.053
.055
.055
.046
.051
66.3
69.4
69.4
58.5
64.1
.047
.047
.044
.043
.048
71.7
72.6
67.4
66.3
73.4
.050
.050
.049
.049
.052
80.3
80.9
79.9
79.0
83.3
62.4
61.3
62.1
66.9
75.8
.074
.064
.065
.074
.089
72.9
63.2
64.2
72.6
87.4
.057
.058
.058
.063
.072
71.6
72.6
72.6
79.4
91.3
.052
.049
.052
.055
.055
79.2
75.4
80.5
84.6
84.3
.055
.053
.058
.058
.056
89.0
85.9
93.0
93.0
90.0
72.9
85.3
90.1
82.7
90.5
.085
.092
.099
.083
.075
84.3
91.1
97.5
81.8
74.4
.068
.072
.080
.070
.063
$6.0
91.3
101.0
87.9
79.9
.052
.057
.066
.055
.059
79.2
86.9
101.2
84.3
90.5
.052
.059
.069
.057
.060
83.7
95.8
111.6
92.7
96.4
98.7
97.9
95.5
100.0
92.6
.090
.100
.100
.101
.102
88.8
98.7
99,1
100.0
100.4
.075
.076
.075
.073
.078
94.7
96.3
95.2
100.0
97.9
.070
.068
.063
.065
.063
107.7
104.8
96.2
100.0
96.2
.066
.065
.060
.062
.060
106.8
104.5
97.1
ICO. 0
96.6
1890
1891
1892
1893,
1894,
$0,068
.065
.058
.059
.056
83.0
79.2
70.7
71.7
67.9
SO. 064
.060
.054
. 056
.050
73.7
69.1
61.6
64.8
57.8
$0,088
.088
.084
.073
.068
1895,
1896,
1897,
1898
1899
.053
.057
.053
.051
.051
64.3
69.6
63.8
62.3
62.0
.049
.052
.046
.044
.046
56.4
60.1
53.3
50.3
52.6
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904,
.061
.059
.058
.062
.073
73.6
71.1
69.9
75.2
88.3
.054
.053
.054
.058
.066
1905
1906
1907
1908.
1909.
.072
.078
.083
.071
.074
87.6
94.2
100.2
85.8
89.7
.063
.074
.078
.072
.079
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
.083
.082
.080
.082
.079
100.2
100.0
97.5
100.0
95.9
.086
1919.
Relative
price.
TO
Average
price per
yard.
Relative
price.
PRICES, 1890
Relative
price.
Relative
price.
Lancaster.
Amoskeag.
Average
price per
yard.
Average
price per
yard.
SO.082
.081
.079
.083
.077
Unbleached, 3 | yards
to the pound.
WHOLESALE
Pepperell.
.083
.119
.182
.321
.288
81.4
117.7
179.2
317.2
284.4
.068
.086
.134
.259
.235
86.0
108.2
169.4
327.3
296.5
.004
.081
.128
.180
.189
98.2
125.1
196.8
277.2
290.9
.0,59
.074
.114
.177
.177
96.1
120.4
184.9
286.6
286.1
1917—January. . .
February..
March.......
A pril.........
May..........
June..........
.120
.120
.120
.135
.145
.153
151.9
151.9
151.9
164.0
176.2
185.3
.125
.125
.130
.140
.150
.160
151.1
151.1
157. 2
169.3
181.4
193.5
.158
.158
.158
.158
.170
.170
155.5
155. 5
155. 5
155.5
167. 8
167.8
.110
.110
.110
.115
.120
. 133
138.9
138.9
138.9
145.2
151.5
167.2
.095
.095
.100
.105
.110
.115
146.1
146.1
153. 8
161.5
169.2
176.9
.084
.084
.088
.093
.098
.103
135.6
135. 6
141.6
149.7
157.8
165.9
July..........
August —
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
.170
.175
.175
.185
.190
.195
206.6
212.6
212.6
224.8
230.9
236.9
.180
.188
.188
.190
.190
.195
217.6
226.7
226.7
229.7
229.7
223.8
.188
.203
.203
.208
.215
185.1
190.0
199.9
199.9
204.8
212.2
.145
.145
.150
.150
.153
.170
183,. 1
183.1
189.4
189.4
192.5
214.6
.135
.145
.150
.150
.160
.175
207.7
223.1
230.8
230.8
246.1
269.2
.125
.125
.139
.139
.144
.153
202.3
202.3
224.6
224.6
232.7
246. 8
1918—January. . .
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
.211
.218
.244
.253
256.5
264.3
295.9
307.8
.215
.225
.245
.280
.280
.285
260.0
272.1
296.3
338.6
338.6
344.6
.363
.364
.393
.403
.403
.403
357.8
358.9
387.8
397.3
397.3
397.3
.225
.226
.253
.263
.263
.263
284.1
285.0
319.2
331.4
331.4
331.4
.175
.175
.175
.175
.175
.175
2Q9.2
269'. 2
269.2
269.2
269.2
269.2
.156
.171
.171
.171
.171
• 171
252.6
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
277.2
July..........
A ugust___
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
0)
C1)
.216
.216
.216
.216
.285
.210
.216
.216
.216
.216
344.6
253.9
261.5
261. 5
261.5
261.5
.403
397.3
.376
.376
.376
370.7
370.7
370.7
.263
(i)
0)
.279
.279
.279
331.4
262.8
262.8
262.8
262.8
352.8
352.8
352.8
.175
.180
.189
.189
.189
.189
269.2
277.4
291.1
291.1
291.1
291.1
.171
.182
.190
.190
.190
.190
277.2
293.7
307.4
307.4
307.4
307.4
1919—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June.........
.206
.188
.185
.185
.186
.223
250.3
228.7
224.8
224.8
225.9
271.1
.206
.185
.180
.182
.189
.220
249.2
223.7
217.7
220.1
228.4
266.0
.333
.266
.264
.206
.224
.253
328.9
262.9
260.9
202.9
221.3
250.1
.250
.203
.201
.168
.182
.210
315.1
255.7
254.3
211.9
229.4
265.1
.162
.162
.162
.162
C1)
(0
249.4
249.4
249.4
249.4
.179
.163
.163
.144
.147
.181
290.3
232. 9
262.9
233.5
237.5
293. 4
July..........
August —
September.
October...
November.
December.
.264
.283
.275
.275
.284
.293
320.7
344.0
334.1
334.1
344.7
355.7
.235
.256
.260
.266
.280
.292
284.4
308.9
314.4
321.4
338.0
353.4
.290
.290
.290
.290
.375
.375
286.3
286.3
286.3
286.3
370.2
370.2
.243
.243
.243
.243
.318
.318
306.2
306.2
306.2
306.2
400.9
400.9
C1)
0)
.225
.225
.225
0)
0)
0)
1 No
. 1&3
C1)
(0
346.2
346.2
346.2
(i)
0)
0)
.203
327.7
............
C1)
.235 *
380.3
COMMODITIES.
80.2
114.9
197.4
29,1.2
277.1
IMPORTANT
.066
.095
.163
.241
.229
OF
84.3
111.4
190.6
271.9
288.2
PRICES
.069
.092
.157
.224
.237
AVERAGE
191 5
191 6
191 7
191 8
1919.....................
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
OO
Cloths and clothing.
Cotton goods.
Hosiery.
Men's.
Year or month.
Rela
tive
Average
price. price per
dozen
pairs.
1 8 9 5 ..,.................
1896............... , . . .
1897......................
1898............ .........
1899......................
.907
.833
.784
.735
.735
93.4
85.8
80.8
75.7
75.7
1900......................
1901.....................
1 9 0 2 ....................
1903......................
1904*....................
.784
.686
.735
.784
1905......................
1906............ .........
1907......................
1908......................
1909......................
1910......................
1911......................
1912......................
1913......................
$0.637
.637
.637
.662
.735
$0.800
.750
.810
,804
.800
.829
.858
26-ounce, 16-ounce,
176
220needles*
needles, combed Rela Average
yarn,
earded
tiv e price per
yarn, av. average price.
yard.
price per price per
dozen
dozen
pairs.
pairs.
28-inch, 27-inch,
Rela average average
tive price per price per
price.
yard.
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
102.7
102.7
$1.225
1.127
1.078
1.054
.980
145,6
133.9
128.1
125.2
116.4
$0,033
.029
.034
.033
.028
88.6
78.0
89.9
86.2
72.9
1.875
1.875
1.850
1.800
1.750
101.4
101.4
100.0
97.3
94.6
.858
.784
.760
.711
.735
101,9
93.2
90.2
84.4
87.3
.029
.026
.025
.021
.027
75.9
68.4
66.0
54.6
72,4
80.8
70.7
75.7
80.8
80.8
1.900
2.000
1.850
1.875
1.800
102.7
108.1
100.0
101.4
97.3
.760
.662
.735
.809
.760
90.3
78.6
87.3
96.1
90.3
.031
.028
.031
.032
.033
81.7
74.8
82.0
85.4
88.3
80.8
83.9
93.2
87.4
94.5
1; 750
1.900
2.025
1.775
1.775
94.6
102.7
109.5
95.9
95.9
.784
.760
.833
93.2
90.3
99.0
93.2
94.4
.031
.036
.048
.034
.036
82.8
96.0
126.0
88.9
95.2
93.7
93.2
96.7
1.831
1.844
1.850
1.795
99.0
99.7
100.0
94.7
96.1
99.5
.038
.035
.038
.038
101.6
92.6
101.1
100.0
100.0
$0,850
.800
.810
.813
.825
.854
.858
100,0
$0.068
ioo.o
$0.035
100.0
1919.
$1.900
1.900
26 to 28
ounce, 160 to
176
needles,
Rela
tive carded yarn,
av.
price
per
price.
dozen pairs,
September
price.
TO
131.3
121.2
111.1
108.6
101.0
Seamless, single-thread.
1800
31.274
1.176
1.078
1.054
.980
Print cloths.
PRICES,
1890......................
1891......................
1892......................
1893.....................
1894.......... . . . . . . .
Percale: Scout,
Sft-inrVh
WHOLESALE
TwoSingle Single Combed
yarn,
thread,
fast
average average thread,
carded
black,
price per price per
yarn,
188
dozen
dozen
average needles,
pairs,
pairs,
average
price
per
Septem Septem dozen price per
ber
ber
pairs.
dozen
price.
price.
pairs.
W omen’s.
Full-fashioned,
combed yarn.
98.7
1.791
.875
1.104
$1,035
1.533
1.904
2.106
101.9
128.7
190.6
236.7
261.8
1.782
-2.102
2.522
3.739
4.365
117.1
140.5
208.3
243.2
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.400
1.400
1.600
167.8
167.8
167.8
174.0
174.0
198.9
2.280
2.280
2.280
2.280
2.28Q
2.280
1,600
1.600
1.675
1.675
1.-700
1.700
198.9
198.9
208.2
208.2
211.3
211.3
1.700
1.700
1.700
1.800
1.800
1.850
1917—January...
February.
March— .
April........
May..........
June.........
July.........
August___
September.
October__
N ovem ber.
December..
July......... .
August---September.
October__
Novem ber.
December..
100.0
. 030
88.1
$1.283
1.817
2.104
2.350
.063
.087
.132
.223
.218
93.0
129.0
196.0
329,6
323.0
.029
.042
.066
.113
.099
83.5
121.5
192.2
327.5
287.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
127.0
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
181.4
181.4
181.4
181.4
181.4
181.4
.115
.110
.110
.120
.120
.125
170.4
163.0
163.0
177.8
177.8
185.2
.054
.051
.051
.057
.060
.069
156,8
147.5
147.8
164.1
174.8
200.9
2.668
2.668
2.668
2.862
2.862
2.862
148.6
148.6
148.6
159.5
159.5
159.5
1.850
1.850
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
191.8
191.8
197.0
197.0
197.0
197.0
.145
.153
.153
.143
.148
.148
214.8
225.9
225.9
211.1
218.5
218.5
.073
.071
.069
.074
.080
.085
210.1
206.7
199.4
215.6
231.9
246.4
211.3
211.3
211.3
223.7
223.7
230.0
2.862
2.862
2.862
2.862
2.862
4.365
159.5
159.5
159.5
159.5
159.5
243.2
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.950
1.950
2.150
197.0
197.0
197.0
202.2
202.2
222.8
.163
C1)
0)
.238
C1)
(l)
240.7
.089
.103
,119
.131
.128
.127
257.4
298.8
344.9
378.6
371.3
366.7
1.850
1.850
1.850
2.250
2.250
2.250
230.0
230.0
230.0
279.7
279.7
279.7
4.365
4.365
4.365
4.365
4.365
4.365
243.2
243.2
243.2
243.2
243.2
243.2
2.150
2.150
2.150
2,350
2,350
2.350
222.8
222.8
222,8
243.5
243.5
243.5
0)
C1)
C1)
.238
.238
,238
351.9
351.9
351.9
.113
.113
.113
,113
.110
,096
326.1
326.1
326.1
326.1
317.4
279.1
2.250
2.250
1.915
1.753
1.760
1.840
279.7
279.7
238.0
217.9
218.8
228.7
4.365
4.365
4.365
0)
(l )
0)
243.2
243.2
243.2
2.350
2.350
1.9,31
1.850
1.898
2.120
243.6
243.6
200.1
191.8
196.7
219,7
.238
.178
.153
.144
.190
.234
351.9
263.0
226.7
213. 5
281.5
346.4
.081
.068
.064
.071
.088
.104
233.6
196. 5
184.1
206.7
253. G
302.6
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
279.7
279.7
279.7
279.7
279.7
279„7
0)
0)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
2.350
2.350
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
243.6
243.6
285.1
285.1
285.1
285.1
.248
.260
.260
.235
,260
C1)
367.0
385.2
385.2
347.9
385.2
.116
.111
.103
.118
,130
.136
337.1
320.3
298.8
342.3
375.4
395.1
1 N 0 q u o ta t io n .
351.9
COMMODITIES.
1919-T-January...
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
.068
101.5
133.0
188.3
218.1
243.6
IMPORTANT
J uly..........
August__ :
September
October__
November
December.
98.6
.871
1.142
9 9 .3
OF
1918—January...
February.
March.......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
.846
PRICES
.847
1915.
1916.
1917..
1918..
1919-
AVEBAGE
1914.
-7
CD
00
o
T able 9 .—AVE R A G E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Cotton goods.
Year or month.
10-4, Wamsutta, S. T. 4-4, Indian Head. 4-4, Pepperell R.
Law 4-4, Ware
4-4, Massa
4-4,
Sho&ls
rence
chusetts
Stark A,
L. L.,
L. L.,
Mills,
Flying
average
average
average
Rela price per Horse brand,
price per price per
tive
average
price
yard.
yard.
yard.
price.
per yard.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
$0,219
.201
.190
.195
.174
91.6
83.9
79.4
81.4
72.8
$0,313
.316
.294
.306
.276
96.0
97.1
90.4
93.8
84.6
$0,073
.073
.065
.068
.060
86.1
86.3
77.0
80.6
71.0
$0,064
.060
.057
.058
.053
87.3
81.4
77.6
79.5
72.4
$0,066
.059
.055
.057
.052
110.5
99.4
91.2
96.1
87.2
$0,085
.080
.081
.083
.073
97.1
91.8
9*9
95.6
83.6
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
.179
.179
.174
.172
.202
74.6
74.9
72.7
71.9
84.5
.272
.293
.293
.293
.295
83.5
.059
.062
.059
.054
.054
69.5
73.9
69.8
64.1
64.6
.053
.056
.053
.048
.050
72.2
76.1
71.6
64.8
68.8
.051
.051
.045
.042
.045
85.8
85.5
75.7
71.0
75.5
.070
.070
.064
.058
.064
80.5
80.0
73.7
67.1
74.0
.212
.210
.228
.243
95.8
88.5
87.8
95.1
101.4
.293
.293
.304
.278
.062
.063
.063
.068
74.0
74.9
74.2
80.9
95.2
.059
.059
.057
.060
.067
77.6
81.7
91.3
85.0
82.7
81.4
89.7
102.9
.075
.075
.076
.077
.080
86.5
86.2
86.9
88.2
92.2
.270
.273
.305
.279
.287
82.9
83.9
93.6
85.8
88.0
.076
.080
.244
.252
94.8
103.5
120.5
102.1
105.2
.064
.069
.075
.078
.075
90.0
95.2
99.2
92.5
89.3
87.9
93.4
101.8
93.2
104.3
110.3
111.8
89.7
97.0
.075
.082
.112
.091
.091
86.0
93.9
128.4
104.9
104.4
.245
.228
111.8
102.4
95.4
.340
.306
.278
104.4
94.1
85.4
.081
99.2
104.4
95.7
.073
.068
.069
99.7
93.2
94.1
105.493.7
98.5
.092
.087
.083
105.4
99.4
95.3
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912.
.227
90.6
94.4
93.3
85.2
Rela Average
tive price per
yard.
price.
.051
.049
$0,058
.057
.062
.072
.073
.077
.078
$0,065
.052
.056
.061
$0,065
.058
.061
1919.
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
Average
Relative price
per
price.
yard.
TO
Average
price per
' yard.
1890
Rela
tive
price.
PRICES,
Average
price per
yard.
WHOLESALE
Brown.
Bleached.
10-4, Pepperell.
Shirtings:
bleached, 4-4,
Fruit of the
Loom.
100.0
.239
.253
100.0
105.9
.326
.344
100.0
105.7
.084
.080
100.0
94.8
.073
.069
100.0
93.4
.061
.056
100.0
91.2
.085
.091
191
191
191
191
191
.232
.298
.383
.600
.581
96.9
124.5
160.2
250.9
242.8
.305
.382
.581
.828
.920
93.5
117.3
178.5
254.3
282.3
.068
.088
.145
.235
.232
80.9
104.7
171.6
279.3
275.1
.061
.083
.136
.201
.193
82.7
113.1
185.1
274.6
.052
.072
.118
.195
.168
84.0
117.6
192.7
317.3
273.5
.077
.094
.145
.230
.270
110.3
169.5
269.5
316.6
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
.320
.320
.325
.325
.325
.375
133.8
133.8
135.9
135.9
135.9
156.8
.507
.507
.507
.507
.507
.507
155.7
155.7
155.7
155.7
155.7
155.7
.120
.120
.120
.120
.130
.135
142.5
142.5
142.5
142.5
154.4
160.3
.110
.110
.110
.120
.140
.150
150.1
150.1
150.1
163.7
191.0
204.6
.103
.105
.110
.118
160.9
160.9
166.9
171.0
179.1
191.4
.113
.113
.113
.113
.118
.147
132.1
132.1
132.1
132.1
137.9
172.3
July..........
A u g u st....
September
October...
November.
December.
.425
.425
.425
.425
.450
.450
177.7
177.7
177.7
177.7
188.1
188.1
.617
.617
.662
.662
.662
.714
189.6
189.6
203.1
203.1
203.1
219.3
.158
.158
.158
.158
.178
.183
187.0
187.0
187.0
187.0
210.8
216.7
.140
.140
.140
.145
.155
.165
191.0
191.0
191.0
197.8
211.5
225.1
.120
.123
.123
.135
.140
.148
195.4
199.5
199.5
219.9
228.0
240.2
.157
.157
.176
.176
.176
.176
183.8
183.8
206.8
206.8
206.8
206.8
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
.486
.500
.540
.625
0)
0)
203.0
209.0
225.8
261.3
.740
.756
.819
.847
.847
.847
227.2
232.1
251.4
260.1
260.1
260.1
.202
.210
.231
.231
.278
.278
239.8
249.9
274.7
274.7
329.6
329.6
.171
.186
.208
.240
C1)
0)
232.6
254.3
284.2
327.4
.165
.175
.188
.225
.230
.230
268.7
285.0
305.4
366.5
374.6
374.6
.178
.190
.235
.196
.245
.245
208.9
222.4
275.1
229.8
287.2
287.2
July..........
August___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
C1)
.650
.650
.650
.650
.650
271.7
271.7
271.7
271.7
271.7
.847
.847
.847
.847
.847
.847
260.1
260.1
260.1
260.1
260.1
260.1
.278
.256
.215
.215
.215
.215
329.6
303.4
255.3
255.3
255.3
255.3
C1)
0)
.201
.201
.201
.201
274.6
274.6
274.6
274.6
.230
.175
.180
.180
.180
.180
374.6
285.0
293.2
293.2
293.2
293.2
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
287.2
287.2
287.2
287.2
287.2
287.2
1919—January. . .
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
.582
.496
.498
.486
.486
.560
243.2
207.1
208.4
203.3
203.3
234.3
.817
.754
.754
.927
.762
.903
250.9
231.5
231.5
223.2
234.0
277.3
.214
.190
.190
.172
.179
.220
254.4
225.7
225.7
204.5
212.8
261.6
.191
.168
.154
.150
.165
.195
260. t
228. f
210.0
204.1
225.5
266.0
.163
.132
.121
.116
.125
.176
266.1
215.5
196.6
189.6
203.7
287.3
.211
.206
.196
.209
260.0
247.0
241.3
229.8
245.4
313.1
July..........
A ugust___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
.617
.648
.648
.671
.695
0)
257.9
271.1
271.1
280.4
290.4
.943
1.033
1.033
1.033
1.063
1.210
289.6
317.3
317.3
317.3
326.3
371.6
.252
.261
.261
.261
.288
.290
299.5
310.3
310.3
310.3
341.4
344.4
.219
.230
.224
.229
C1)
0)
299.0
313.8
305.2
313.0
.183
.193
.185
.187
.210
.222
297.7
315.0
301.1
305.0
341.5
361.4
.316
.319
.321
.343
.343
5
6
7
8
9
IMPORTANT
COMMODITIES,
339.1
370.6
373.4
376.2
402.1
402.1
OF
i No quotation.
106.3
PEICES
146726°— 20— Bull. 261
191 3
191 4
OO
Table
9 .— A V E R A G E
_________________
W H O LESALE
_
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1 890 T O
_______________ _
__
_
191 9 — C o n t in u e d .
OO
__________________________________
C lo th s a n d c lo th in g .
Cotton goods.
Underwear.
Shirtings: bleached.
Lonsdale.
4-4,
average
price per
yard.
4-4,
Wamsutta
Rela
tive
price. Average
price per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
spool.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
yard.
Average
Rela price per
tive
12 gar
price.
ments.
$0,097
.097
.093
.093
111.4
111.1
107.1
106.4
101.8
$0.101
.101
.097
.098
.095
90.5
90.3
87.1
87-8
85.0
$0,032
.031
.031
.031
.031
80.4
79.6
79.6
79.6
79.6
$0.120
.118
.115
.118
.108
89.1
87.3
85.4
87.7
80.5
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.,
070
069
063
060
063
79.8
78.5
72.6
68.3
71.8
.085
.089
.084
.078
.073
98.0
101.8
96.2
90.2
83.5
.097
.095
.094
86.8
85.1
83.7
72.2
79.9
.031
.031
.031
.031
.031
79.6
78.8
77.8
77.8
77.8
.101
.102
.098
.089
.092
74.7
75.7
72.4
66.4
68.6
1900. .
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
073
074
074
076
84.5
84.9
86.5
91.2
.079
.076
.077
.085
.08)3
90.4
87.5
88.1
97.8
95.6
.097
.097
.092
86.4
78.3
79.2
87.2
82.5
.037
.037
.037
.037
.037
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
.108
.101
.105
.110
.121
80.5
75.3
78.0
82.0
90.1
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908..
1909..
074
.085
.095
.116
.094
97.6
108.9
133.8
108.0
100.7
.094
.103
.110
.112
.106
84.3
92.5
98.5
100.2
94.7
.037
.037
.042
.041
94.9
94-9
106-6
104.1
100.0
.108
.126
.137
.113
.118
80.5
93.8
102.0
83.6
87.7
102.3
95.9 I
.1 1 4
101.9
.111
.3 0 9
.0 3 9
100.0
100.0
.1 2 9
.1 3 3
9 5 .5
9 9 .0
1910..
1911..
92.4
117.4
100.1
100.7
$0,084
.078
102.2
95.0
.085
.079
Rela Average
tive price per
price. 12 suits.
Rela
tive
price.
TO 1919.
96.8
94.2
93.0
95.4
83.3
1892.
1893.
1894.
Women’s: union
suits.
1890
$0,085
.082
081
083
073
1891.
Men’s: shirts and
drawers.
PRICES,
1890.
4-4 (new
construc
tion),
average
price per
yard.
4-4 (New
YorK
4-4,
Mills,
1890-1905; Rough
Rider,
Wilhamsville, A l, average
Rela 1906-1909), price per
tive
yard.
average
price. price per
yard.
Tickings:
Amoskeag,
A. C. A.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
Thread: 6-cord,
200-yard spools,
J. & P. Coats,
freight paid.
.081
100.0
95.0
.104
.080
100.0
.083
1 0 2 .8
.080
99.5
.1 1 2
191
191
191
191
191
.073
.089
.139
.230
.243
90.0
.071
.091
.150
.225
.246
87.9
113.3
187.5
281.1
306.4
.1 0 0
.1 1 6
.1 1 6
.079
5
6
7
8
9
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
95.7
100.0
98.7
$4,250
4.250
100.0
100.0
$8,250
.133
.125
.196
.302
.357
89.6
112.2
175.7
270.1
319.5
.036
.037
.043
.051
.055
91.6
93.6
108.9
130.4
140.6
.118
.163
.303
.407
.350
87.9
120.7
225.0
302.0
260.0
4.188
4.609
6.677
13.029
11.461
98.5
108.5
157.1
306.6
269.7
8.250
9.031
12.292
18.021
17.846
109.5
149.0
218.4
216.3
.215
.039
8.250
100.0
100.0
100.0
.115
.132
133.4
133.4
133.4
136.5
142.6
163.7
.133
.133
.138
.150
145.1
145.1
166.3
166.3
172.3
187.5
.163
.163
.163
.163
.182
.191
145.8
145.8
145.8
145.8
162.5
170.8
.039
.039
.039
.039
.039
.039
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
98.2
.250
.275
.275
.300
159.7
163.4
185. 7
204.3
204.3
222.9
6.370
6.500
6.500
6.500
6.500
6.500
149.9
152.9
152.9
152.9
152.9
152.9
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
145.5
145.5
145.5
145.5
145.5
145.5
.157
.157
.167
.167
.167
.176
194.1
194.1
206.2
206.2
206.2
218.3
.158
.165
.170
.175
.175
.175
196.5
205.6
211.7
217.7
217.7
217.7
.219
.219
.219
.219
.223
.233
195.8
195. S
195.8
195. S
200.0
208.3
.039
.049
.049
.049
.049
.049
98.2
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
260.0
260.0
260.0
260.0
260.0
260.0
6.500
6.500
6.500
6.875
7.250
7.625
152.9
152.9
152.9
161.8
170.6
179.4
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
12.500
13.250
13.750
145.5
145.5
145.5
151.5
160.6
166.7
.176
.186
218.3
229.6
275.1
279.0
287.6
303.2
.187
.191
.199
.233
.238
.238
232.8
238.7
248.0
290.3
296.4
296.4
.241
.262
.285
.305
.309
.309
215.9
234.7
245.9
273.3
276.4
276.4
.049
.049
.049
.049
.049
.049
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
123.7
.375
.379
.410
.425
.425
.425
278.6
281.3
304.4
315.7
315.7
315.7
8.250
8.750
11.000
194.1
205.9
258.8
282.3
282.3
317.6
14.500
14.750
15.000
16.500
17.500
18.000
175.8
178.8
181.8
298.3
298.3
3 i4.5
314.5
297.5
275.3
229.8
229.8
232.5
235.9
309.9
332.8
342.9
338.7
349.1
383.8
415.5
.333
.333
.314
.314
.314
.314
.301
.294
.294
.294
.305
.342
.374
.401
.402
.402
.432
.441
.049
.049
.054
.057
.057
.057
.057
.056
.052
.052
.052
.052
.052
.052
.052
.052
.052
.076
123.7
123.7
137.8
144.1
145.9
145.9
145.9
142.9
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
193.4
334.7
355.8
364.7
364.7
364.7
352.9
291.1
234.4
19.000
19.000
19.000
.108
.108
.108
.1 1 0
.2 2 2
.225
.232
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.209
.186
.184
.176
.191
.229
.274
.294
.294
.294
.294
.294
303.2
303.2
303.2
303.2
303.2
303.2
258.5
230.4
227.5
218.1
236.1
283.0
338.5
363.9
363.9
363.9
363.9
363.9
i1)
(4
C1)
.252
.252
.239
.2 2 1
.184
.184
.187
.189
.249
.267
.275
.272
.280
.308
.333
280.8
280.8
269.5
263.2
263.2
263.7
273.4
306.2
335.1
359.2
359.7
359.7
386.7
394.8
i No quotation.
.2 2 0
.425
315.7
.425
315.7
295.3
.398
295.3
.398
295.3
.398
295.3
.398
252.6
.340
.340
252.6
0 )
.270 ” 2 6 6 *6 ’
222.9
.300
C1)
C1)
(x)
0 )
297.2
.400
.450
334.3
C1)
1 2 .0 0 0
1 2 .0 0 0
13.500
14.226
15.123
15.500
15.500
15.500
15.000
12.371
9.960
9.000
9.000
9.000
9.500
10.774
12.823
13.500
13.500
13.600
14.500
2 1 1 .8
2 1 1 .8
2 1 1 .8
223.5
253.5
301.7
317.6
317.6
320.0
341.2
2 1 .0 0 0
2 1 .0 0 0
2 1 .0 0 0
18.919
16.929
15.000
15.000
15.000
16.500
17.500
18.000
19.500
19.500
19.800
22.500
2 0 0 .0
2 1 2 .1
218.2
230.3
230.3
230.3
254.5
254.5
254.5
229.3
205.2
181.8
181.8
181.8
200.0
COMMODITIES.
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1919—January___
February..
March........
April..........
May...........
June...........
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
.129
100.0
100.0
95.7
.135
.038
IMPORTANT
1918—January...
172.4
284.4
301.0
.039
93.5
100.0
100.0
.112
OF
July...........
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1 1 0 .6
.079
PEICES
1917—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
95.3
AVERAGE
191 2
191 3
191 4
2 1 2 .1
218.2
236.4
236.4
240.0
272.7
OO
09
OO
T able 9 .—A V E R A G E W H O LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Leather.
Cotton goods.
Yams: carded.
Glazed: kid, top
grades, from
Brazilian skins.
Calf.
Side: chrome,
tanned,
“ B ” grade.
Harness: oak.
$0,221
.224
.230
.214
.180
89.2
90.7
92.9
86.4
72.6
$0.600
.647
.693
.645
.604
65.4
70.5
75.5
70.2
65.8
$0.257
.258
.237
.240
.228
73.0
73.3
67.3
68.2
64.7
1895............................
1896............................
1897............................
1898............................
1899...........................
.348
.148
.145
.146
.141
66.7
67.0
65.6
65.8
63.6
.182
.184
.179
.179
.176
73.3
74.5
72.2
72.4
71.1
.733
.643
.616
.676
.688
79.9
70.1
67.1
73.6
74.9
.289
.255
.243
.283
.300
82.0
72.6
69.1
80.3
85.3
1900...........................
1901...........................
1902...........................
1903...........................
1904...........................
. 185
.159
.154
.187
.198
83.6
71.6
69.5
84.5
89.5
.228
.193
.182
.216
.228
92.2
77.9
73.5
87.1
92.1
.656
.628
.660
.690
.688
r
68.4
71.9 ............i...........
75.2
74.9
.303
.297
1905...........................
1906...........................
1907...........................
1908...........................
1909...........................
.173
.200
.220
.178
.197
78.3
90.6
99.6
80.3
88.9
.204
.230
.257
.210
.226
82.3
93.1
103.9
85.0
91.3
.697
.717
.767
1910...........................
.233
105.4
.252
101.8
$0.333
.333
.331
.319
85.9
84.4
81.4
84.1
81.0
$0.225
.218
.231
75.9
78.1
83.5
81.0
85.8
.333
.371
.374
.351
.381
84.6
94.3
94.9
89.1
96.7
.228
84.4
.379
96.3
1919.
80.9
81.1
85.2
81.7
68.8
TO
1890........................... SO. 179
1891............................
.179
1892............................
.189
1893............................
.181
1894............................
.152
PRICES, 1890
W hite, mule- White, mule- Twisted, ordi Twisted, ordi Wax calf,
spun, northern, spun, northern,
nary for
nary far
30 to 40 Chrome
Coun No. 1,
Cali
weaving, 20/2. weaving, 40/2. pounds
cones, 10/1.
cones, 22/1.
calf,
Aver
Aver
try
aver fornia,
to the
aver Rela age
age
middles,
No.
1, Rela price
Rela
Rela
age
price
age
dozen,
tive
tive
tive
average
average
tive
Aver
Aver
Aver
price price.
per
Aver
B grade,
price
per
price
price.
price
price.
price.
age
square'
per
Rela age
per
Rela age
Rela average
Rela age
square
per
per
price
price
price
tive price per square
tive
tive
price
tive
foot.
foot.
pound. pound. pound.
per
per
price.
price.
per
per
price.
price.
square
foot.
pound.
pound.
pound.
pound.
foot.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
.800
.650
.650
.690
.690
.690
.700
.700
.700
165.6
165.6
165.6
168.0
168.0
168.0
.460
.460
.460
.460
.460
.460
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
C1)
0)
.600
.600
.600
.650
.650
.650
.650
.650
.650
.650
.650
.650
.675
.675
.675
.675
.675
.675
.675
.700
.700
.690
.740
.900
1.050
1.350
1.350
1.300
1.325
1.400
.680
.670
.670
.690
.695
.695
.700
.700
.700
.700
.700
.700
.700
.700
.700
.700
.690
.630
.630
.600
.630
.641
.660
.770
.793
.864
.905
.890
.890
.861
163.2
160.8
160.8
165.6
166.8
166.8
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
165.1
150.7
151.2
144.0
151.2
177.8
158.4
184.8
190.3
207.5
217.2
213.6
213.5
206.6
.440
.440
.440
.390
.400
.400
.400
.400
.400
.420
.420
.420
.420
.420
.410
.410
.410
.410
.410
.420
.420
.420
.440
.590
.680
.800
.950
.850
.850
.850
C1)
( 1)
C1)
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
(*)
(1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
(!)
( 1)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
0)
(l)
0)
0)
(!)
0)
C1)
0)
.226
.247
.270
.280
83.9
91.5
100.0
103.9
191
191
191
191
191
.173
.265
.397
.599
.534
78.0
119.6
179.4
270.5
241.3
.198
.297
.449
.662
.596
81.0
120.0
181.2
267.5
240.8
.285
.450
.579
.598
.970
105.7
166.9
214.7
221.8
359.6
1917—Januar y
February...
March.........
April..........
May............
June...........
.340
.320
.310
.360
.365
.375
153.6
144.6
140.1
162.7
164.9
169.5
.390
.370
.360
.410
.423
.440
157.6
149.5
145.5
165.7
170.7
177.8
.705
.675
.625
.595
.560
.540
261.5
250.4
231.8
220.7
207.7
200.3
.800
July............
August.......
September.
October___
November..
Decem ber..
1918—Januar y
February...
March........
April..........
May............
June...........
July............
Ajugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
1919—Januar y
February...
March........
April..........
May............
June...........
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.450
.440
.420
.420
.470
.495
.536
.554
.575
.616
.633
.644
.641
.640
.610
.610
.593
.534
.445
.408
.405
.417
.413
.551
.591
.613
.590
.611
.665
.699
203.3
198.8
189.8
189.8
212.4
223.7
242.3
250.2
259.6
278.4
286.1
290.9
289.7
289.2
275.6
275.6
267.8
241.1
201.3
184.4
183.0
188.5
186.6
248.9
267.1
277.0
266.7
276.1
300.4
315.7
.500 202.0
.500 202.0
.480 193.9
.480 193.9
.500 202.0
.530 214.1
.579 234.0
.607 245.2
.628 253.5
.686 277.2
.704 284.4
.712 287.7
.701 283.4
.700 282.8
.695 280.8
.695 280.8
.665 268.8
.574 231.7
.498 201.2
.457 184.7
.443 178.8
.453 183.2
.481 194.3
.592 239.3
.668 270.0
.702 283.6
.676 273.1
.686 277.3
.730 294.9
.767 310.0
.540
.540
.505
.540
.560
.560
.530
.530
.530
.550
.585
.640
.640
.640
.640
.630
.630
.630
.660
200.3
200.3
187.3
200.3
207.7
207.7
196.6
196.6
196.6
204.0
217.0
237.4
237.4
237.4
237.4
233.7
233.7
233.7
244.8
252.2
252.2
252.2
263.4
306.0
408.0
463.6
463.6
463.6
472.9
472.9
5
6
7
8
9
$0
(l)
0)
.720
.730
.750
.850
.880
.880
.890
.940
1.070
1.070
1.070
.950
.824
.725
.667
.655
.720
.824
.960
1.047
.972
1.050
1.249
1.354
0)
(l)
C1)
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
(l)
0)
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
(l)
C1)
0)
0)
(1)
C1)
(l)
0)
0)
(!)
(!)
.710
.825
1.100
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.275
1.275
1No relative price computed.
.382
.394
.395
$0,688
.663
1.015
COMMODITIES,
0)
C1)
C1)
94.8
92.2
100.0
88.0
IMPORTANT
$0,439
.412
.640
.235
.228
.248
.218
OF
108.5
119.4
165.4
166.4
182.7
95.1
90.8
100.0
88.9
PRICES
.452
.498
.689
.693
.761
.210
.201
.221
.197
AVERAGE
$0,418
93.7
97.0
100. 0
100.3
191 1
191 2
191 3
1 9 1 4 . . . ,...............
0)
00
01
CX)
CD
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Cloths and clothing. *
Leather.
Year or month.
Sole: hemlock.
Sole: oak.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Japanese: filatures,
Kansai, No. 1.
Italian:
classical,
average
price per
pound.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
$5,243
4.011
4.327
4.541
3.363
144.1
110.2
118.9
124.8
92.4
$5,224
4.187
4.483
5.029
3.682
filatures,
special,
extra,
average
price per
pound.
Blankets: 5 pounds Flannels:white, 4-4,
to the pair.
Ballard Vale, No. 3.
Rela
tive
price.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
119.4
95.7
102.4
114.9
84.1
$0,910
.890
.900
.900
.850
86.7
84.8
85.7
85.7
81.0
$0,440
.440
.437
.413
.355
94.9
94.9
94.2
89.0
76.5
.322
.311
66.6
69.4
67.2
79.5
80.9
.918
99.8
99.8
100.7
102.8
.342
.293
.308
.321
76 2
65.2
68.6
71 6
74.8
.851
.851
.851
.851
.851
95.3
95.3
95.3
95.3
95.3
3.786
3.407
3.464
3.638
4.409
104.0
93.6
95.2
99.9
121.1
4.037
3.629
3.640
3.877
4.771
92.2
82.9
83.2
88.6
109.0
.750
.750
.750
.900
.800
71.4
71.4
71.4
85.7
76.2
88.3
87.7
83 9
80.4
80.0
.361
.353
.380
.374
.345
80.4
78.5
84.7
83.4
76.9
.891
.891
.8*6
.8i>0
99.4
94.7
95.2
4.169
3.513
3.822
4.135
3.642
114.5
96.5
105.0
113.6
100.1
4.513
3.847
4.109
4.524
3.865
103.1
87.9
93.9
103.4
88.3
.900
.850
.850
.925
.925
85.7
81.0
81.0
88.1
88.1
.431
.443
88.4
82.0
86.0
92.9
95.6
.229
.254
.264
.251
.255
81.2
90.0
93.7
88.9
90.4
.366
.380
.382
.380
.413
81.6
84.6
85.1
84.7
91.9
.850
.893
.893
.893
95.2
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
3.991
4.163
5.060
3.890
3.840
109.7
114.4
139.0
106.9
105.5
4.109
4.325
5.581
4.181
4.378
93.9
98.8
127.5
95.5
100.0
1.000
1.025
1.000
.950
1.000
95.2
97.6
95.2
90.5
95.2
.446
.461
.464
.461
.459
96.2
99.5
100.1
99.5
99.1
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
.247
.238
.258
.282
.302
87.5
84.2
91.4
100.0
107.0
.415
.388
.415
.449
.471
92.4
86.5
92.6
100.0
105.0
.893
.893
.907
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
101.6
3.524
3.471
3.445
3. 640
96.8
95.4
94.7
100.0
101.5
4.005
3.888
3.811
4.377
4.341
91.5
88.8
87.1
100.0
99.2
1.054
1.000
1.025
1.050
1.017
100.4
95.2
97.6
100.0
.430
.452
.464
.455
100.4
92.8
97.5
100.0
98.1
1915
1916
1917
.309
.388
.535
109.7
137.6
.504 ! 112.4
.640 j 142.5
.831 ] 185.2
1.076
1.358
1.478
120.5
152.1
165.5
3.318
4.867
5.494
91.2
133.7
150.9
3.634
5.952
83.0
136.0
154.0
1.150
1.375
2.015
109.5
131.0
191.9
.475
.515
.728
102.4
111.2
157.1
68.1
65.9
61.2
63.7
60.8
$0,377
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
.207
.188
.203
.213
.225
73 5
66.7
72 1
75.5
79.9
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
.249
.248
.237
.227
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
.342
.348
$5.541
6.273
.375
.410
1919.
$0,891
$0.192
.186
.173
.180
.172
TO
84.0
82.0
76.2
77.6
73.1
1890,
1891
1892
1893
1894
1890
Average
price per
pound.
PRICES,
Rela
tive
price.
Wool and woolen goods.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Silk: raw.
Linen shoe
thread: 10s,
Barbour.
1.654
1.706
185.3
191.1
6.273
8.880
172.3
244.0
6.960 I 170.8
9.639 j 236.6
2.625
2.500
250.0
238.1
.882
.867
190.2
187.1
1917—January. . .
February..
M a rch.....
A pril.........
M ay..........
June..........
570
580
595
570
570
580
202.1
205.6
210. 9
202.1
202.1
205.6
.835
.835
.835
.835
.835
.815
186.0
186.0
186.0
186.0
186.0
181.6
1.401
1.401
1.401
1.401
1.401
1.485
156.8
156.8
156.8
156.8
156.8
166.3
5.335
5.141
4.947
5.384
5.287
5.675
146.6
141.3
135.9
147.9
145.3
155.9
6.063 ; 148.8
145.2
5.917
5.820
142.8
152.3
6.208
152.3
6.208
157.1
6.402
1.625
1.625
1.625
1.625
1.625
2.250
154.8
154.8
154.8
154.8
154.8
214.3
.602
.602
.663
.663
.663
.730
129.9
129.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
157.5
July..........
A ugust___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
540
,500
480
460
480
500
191.4
177.2
170.2
163.1
170.2
177.2
.815
.830
.830
.830
.840
.840
181.6
184.9
184.9
184.9
187.2
187.2
1.485
1.485
1.485
1.485
1.654
1.654
166.3
166.3
166.3
166.3
185.3
185.3
5.675
6.645
6.063
5.432
5.432
5.093
155.9
182.6
166.6
149.2
149.2
139.9
7.130
7.227
6.548
5.917
5.917
5.917
175.0
177.3
160.8
145.2
145.2
145.2
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.400
2.400
214.3
214.3
214.3
214.3
228.6
228.6
.774
.774
.817
-.817
.817
.817
167.0
167.0
176.3
176.3
176.3
176.3
1918—January. . .
February..
March.......
A pril.........
M ay..........
June..........
490
,490
455
455
490
490
173.7
173.7
161.3
161.3
173.7
173.7
.830
.830
.800
.800
.800
.800
184.9
184.9
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
5.384 ' 147.9
5.481 i 150.6
150.6
5.481
5.772
158.6
6.160
169.2
6.160
169.2
5.917
6.063
6.063
6.257
6.887
6.887
145.2
148.8
148.8
153.5
169.0
169.0
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.650
238.1
238.1
238.1
238.1
238.1
252.4
.882
.882
.882
.882
.882
.882
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
July..........
August___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
,490
490
490
490
490
490
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
.830
.770
.770
.770
.770
.785
184.9
171.6
171.6
171.6
171.6
174.9
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
6.887
6.790
6.887
6.742
6.984
6.548
189.2
186.6
189.2
185.2
191.9
179.9
7.663
7.615
7.712
7.615
7.712
7.130
188.1
186.9
189.3
186.9
189.3
175.0
2.650
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
2.750
252.4
261.9
261.9
261.9
261.9
261.9
.882
.882
.882
.882
.882
.882
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
1919—January. . .
February..
March.......
A pril.........
M ay..........
June..........
,490
,490
,490
,490
,490
,510
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
180.8
.785
.815
.815
.825
.850
.900
174.9
181.6
181.6
183.8
18»9.4
200.5
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
1.654
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
185.3
5.675
5.772
6.063
6.645
7.663
9.603
155.9
158.6
166.6
182.6
210.6
263.9
6.305
6.499
6.693
7.372
8.342
10.476
154.8
159.5
164.3
180.9
204.7
257.2
„ 2.500
# 2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
C1)
238.1
238.1
238.1
238.1
238.1
.882
.817
.817
.817
.817
.882
190.2
176.3
176.3
176.3
176.3
190.2
Ju ly..........
A ugust___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
,530
,570
570
570
570
570
187.9
202.1
202.1
202.1
202.1
202.1
.950
1.030
1.025
1.025
1.025
.915
211.7
229.5
228.4
228.4
228.4
203.9
1.701
1.739
1.739
1.739
1.739
1.892
190.5
194.7
194.7
194.7
194.7
211.8
9.749
8.827
9.506
11.058
12.368
13.629
267.9
242.5
261.2
303.8
339.8
374.5
10.816
9.894
10.428
11.883
12.901
14.065
265.5
242.9
256.0
291.6
316.6
345.2
.882
.882
.882
.882
.882
.968
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
190.2
208.8
C1)
(*)
C1)
0)
0)
C1)
I
W
o
tel
COMMODITIES,
177.4
203.5
IMPORTANT
.796
.913
OF
171.7
187.3
PRICES
484
528
191 8
191 9
00
OO
00
T able 9 .—-AVER AG E W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Cloths and clothing.
Wool and woolen goods.
Overcoating.
Hosiery: men’s.
Year or month.
Cashmere: half
hose, seamless.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
dozen
pairs.
Rela
tive
price.
Kersey:
27 to 28
ounce,
average
price per
yard.
Soft faced:
black,
plain twill,
24-ounce,
average
price per
yard.
Suiting.
Clay worsted: diagonal, Clay worsted: diagonal,
16-ounce.
12-ounce.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
yard.
Relative
price.
Average
price per
yard.
Relative
price.
•
Indigo blue, Wool-dyed,
blue,
all wool,
15-ounce,
14-ounce,
54-inch, 55-56 inch,
average
average
price per
price per
yard.
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
$1,547
1.547
1.547
1.508
1.470
100.1
100.1
100.1
97.6
95.1
64.7
62.3
64.5
77.8
80.3
$0.945
.882
.939
1.122
1.147
68.3
63.8
68.0
81.2
83.0
1.152
1.138
1.047
1.138
1.138
74.6
73.6
67.7
73.6
73.6
1.575
1.500
1.500
1.575
1.650
90.0
85.7
85.7
90.0
94.3
1.082
.911
.913
.949
.924
91.9
77.4
77.5
80.6
78.5
1.346
1.118
1.093
1.129
1.104
97.4
80.9
79.1
81.7
79.9
1.138
1.185
1.312
1.440
1.444
73.6
76.6
84.9
93.2
93.4
1905...........................
1906...
1907...........................
1908...............
1909 .
1.831
2.042
1.971
1.850
1.788
104.6
116.7
112.6
105.7
102.1
1.093
1.215
1.170
1.238
92.8
103.2
99.4
94.6
105.1
1.301
1.474
1.403
1.339
1.485
94.2
106.7
101.5
96.9
107.5
1.530
1.710
1.710
1.575
1.575
99.0
110.6
110.6
101.8
101.8
1910..................
1 9 1 1 ............
1912...........................
1913....................
1914...........................
1.925
1.750
110.0
101.6
98.6
100.0
94.3
1.223
1.093
1.215
1.178
1.080
103.8
92.8
103.2
100.0
91.7
1.459
1.273
1.406
1.382
1.283
105.6
92.1
101.8
100.0
92.8
1.575
1.489
1.523
1900...........................
1901...........................
1902...................
1903...........................
1904...........................
1.300
$1,395
1.354
1.373
1.294
1.114
$1,523
1.545
1.459
101.8
96.3
98.5
100.0
94.4
TO 1019.
$0.762
.734
.760
.917
.946
$1,183
1890
1.258
67.6
74.3
71.9
1895...........................
1896...........................
1897...........................
1898...........................
1899......................
PEICES,
1890...........................
1891...........................
1892.
..............
1893...........................
1894...........................
Middlesex.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
dozen
pairs.
Half hose,
seamless.
1915..
1916..
1917..
1918..
1919..
July...........
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
0)
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
0)
2.500
2 .506
2.500
2.500
2.750
2.750
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
3.000
3.250
3.500
3.500
3.750
3.750
0)
0)
C1)
0)
( 1)
C1)
3.000
3.000
3.250
3.250
3.500
3.500
0)
G)
C1)
3.750
3.750
3.750
4.250
4.500
(2)
C1)
0)
(l)
0)
0)
3.650
3.650
3.650
4.000
4.250
(3)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
3.750
3.750
3.581
3.529
3.679
(2)
4.250
4.444
4.500
4.500
4.500
5.250
C1)
C1)
8
C1)
1.223
1.631
2.375
3.322
2.453
103.8
138.5
201.7
282.1
208.3
1.481
1.996
3.125
4.262
3.150
107.1
144.4
226.1
308.4
227.9
1.564
1.974
3.158
4.040
4.009
127.8
204.4
261.5
259.5
155.7
165.6
165.6
165.6
186.9
186.9
1.750
1.875
1.875
2.125
2.125
2.125
148.6
159.2
159.2
180.5
180.5
180.5
2.125
2.375
2.375
2.675
2.675
3.250
153.8
171.9
171.9
193.6
193.6
235.2
2.340
2.565
2.565
2.700
2.925
3.150
151.5
166.0
166.0
174.8
189.3
203.9
186.9
186.9
186.9
216.4
216.4
226.2
2.125
2.800
2.800
2.800
2.950
3.150
185.5
237.8
237.8
237.8
250.5
267.5
3.250
3.650
3.650
3.650
3.800
4.025
235.2
264.1
264.1
264.1
275.0
291.3
3.375
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.735
3.835
218.4
233.0
233.0
233.0
241.7
248.2
226.2
226.2
226.2
226.2
3.166
3.200
3.200
3.325
3.390
3.450
268.9
271.8
271.8
282.4
287.9
293.0
4.065
4.150
4.150
4.275
4.344
4.400
294.2
300.3
300.3
309.4
314.3
318.4
3.779
3.825
3.825
3.825
4.095
4.185
244.6
247.6
247.6
247.6
265.0
270.9
3.520
298.9
4.450
(2)
(2)
322.0
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
8
C1)
(1)
0)
3.625
3.625
3.625
3.654
3.750
(2)
(2)
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
0)
0)
0)
C1)
C)
C1)
0)
8
0)
1 No relative price computed.
155.9
155.9
155.9
(2)
2.453
2.453
(2)
208.3
208.3
1
(2)
227.9
227.9
3.150
3.150
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
(2)
i
(2)
(2)
(2)
I
(2)
(2)
j
(2)
(2)
(2)
4.275
4.275
4.275
276.7
276.7
276.7
4.275
3.825
3.825
3.825
3.825
4.005
276.7
247.6
247.6
247.6
247.6
259.2
4.005
4.005
4.005
4.005
259.2
259.2
259.2
259.2
4.005
4.500
C O M M O D IT IE S ,
1919—January...
February.
March......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
2.500
2.500
2.750
2.750
2.750
3.000
0)
C1)
101.2
103.7
139.9
187.2
226.2
155.9
IM P O R T A N T
July...........
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
0)
(')
OF
1918—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
$2,018
2.917
3.840
4.078
PRICES
July...........
August......
September.
October___
November.
December..
0)
0)
0)
0)
AVERAGE
1917—January...
February.
March......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
$2,093
3.083
4.000
4.158
259.2
291.3
8 No quotation.
OO
CP
T able 9 —AVE R A G E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
CD
O
Cloths and clothing.
Wool and woolen goods.
Underwear.
Suiting: serge.
Trouserings: fancy worsted.
21-22
22-23
ounce, ounce,
Rela average
average
tive
price
price
price.
per
per
yard.
yard.
11-11!
ounce,
average
price
per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
99.5
99.5
92.3
$24,750
25.650
25.650
25.650
21.600
91.7
95.0
95.0
95.0
80.0
$16,650
17.550
17.550
17.550
14.850
100.9
106.4
106.4
106.4
90.0
...........
.683
.614
.660
.751
.811
73.1
65.8
70.6
80.3
86.7
1.710
1.796
1.796
2.120
2.073
82.1
86.2
86.2
101.7
99.5
21.600
21.600
21.600
21.600
23.400
80.0
80.0
80.0
80.0
86.7
14.400
14.400
14.400
14.850
13.500
87.3
87.3
87.3
90.0
81.8
1900
1901
1902........................
1903 .
1904.........................
.810
.803
.791
.756
.774
86.7
85.9
84.7
80.9
82.9
2.287
1.988
1.980
$2.030
2.093
2.124
109.7
95.4
95.0
97.9
99.4
23.400
23.400
23.400
23.400
23.400
86.7
86.7
86.7
86.7
86.7
14.850
14.850
14.850
1905
1906
1907
1908.........................
1909
. . ..
.964
1.044
1.050
.994
1.069
$1,294
103.2
111.8
112.3
106.4
114.4
2.233
2.413
2.447
1 2.494
2 2.484
104.5
112.9
114.4
116.7
116.2
23.400
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
1.266
1.127
111.9
99.7
s 2.578
4 2.381
120.6
111.4
27.000
27.000
1895
1896 .
1897
1898
1899
1910
1911..........................
.
$16,200
16.200
16.200
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
86.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
16.200
18.000
18.000
18.000
18.000
90.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
18.000
18.000
100 0
m o
191i>.
$2,073
2.073
1.924
TO
97.4
97.4
73.1
1890
$0.910
.910
.683
1890
___
1891
1892
1893.........................
1894
...............
PRICES,
Wash 11-ounce,
Fulton
ington
Mills,
Mills,
3192,
6700,
average average
price
price
per yard. per yard.
Union
Union
suits:
suits:
merino,
merino,
Merino, Merino,
Merino, Merino,
natural,
natural,
white,
white, 40 per cent 33^ per cent
All wool, natural, full-fash
60 per
white,
50 per ioned, 60 Rela 52 per
Rela average cent
light wool, light
cent
wool,
per
cent
cent
wool, wool,
wool,
tive
tive
weight,
weight,
average
price
wool,
average
average
price.
price.
average
average
per 12
price
average
price
price
price per
price per
per 12
per 12
garments. per 12 price per
12 suits.
12 suits.
garments. 12 suits.
garments. garments.
WHOLESALE
Shirts and drawers.
Year or month.
191 2
191 3
191 4
100.0
•* L. OOO
5 2.138
5 2.138
105.6
&2.211
s 2.596
95.4
5
6
7
8
9
133.8
201.0
300.0
264.4
July...........
1 19 to 20 ounce.
100.0
106.8
139.2
169.9
153.2
8.460
9.365
13.854
21.560
$33.250
30.000
100.0
8.460
100.0
110.7
163.8
207.9
$12.0$1
17.588
(6)
138.0
138.0
138.0
138.0
15.000
15.000
15.000
18.500
18.500
18.500
118.2
118.2
118.2
145.8
145.8
145.8
11.750
11.750
11.750
14.500
14.500
14.500
10.250
10.250
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
138.9
138.9
138.9
171.4
171.4
171.4
2.205
2.205
2.205
2.205
3.038
3.218
138.0
138.0
138.0
138.0
190.1
201.4
18.500
18.500
18.500
18.500
18.500
19.000
145.8
145.8
145.8
145.8
145.8
149.7
14.500
14.500
14.500
14.500
14.500
15.000
12.000
12.750
12.750
12.750
12.750
12.750
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
171.4
177.3
3.218
3.218
3.218
3.218
3.218
3.218
3.600
3.735
3.735
3.735
3.735
3.735
3.735
3.735
3.735
3.252
3.105
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
201.4
201.4
201.4
201.4
201.4
201.4
225.4
233.9
233.9
233.9
233.9
233.9
233.9
233.9
233.9
203.6
194.4
20.500
20.500
20.500
20.500
20.500
20.500
20.500
20.500
22.717
24.000
24.000
24.000
13.500
13.500
13.500
13.500
13.500
13.500
13.500
13.500
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
184.0
184.0
184.0
184.0
184.0
184.0
184.0
184.0
367.9
367.9
367.9
367.9
155.2
155.2
159.2
179.1
181.1
197.0
2.070
2.205
2.205
2.205
2.205
2.205
197.0
232.8
232.8
232.8
236.8
252.7
252.7
252.7
252.7
263.2
277.3
278.6
330.6
338.3
338.3
338.3
338.3
338.3
338.3
301.4
209.0
209.0
2 18 to 19 ounce.
100.0
12.690
13.548
17.667
18.000
129.6
138.0
417 to 18 ounce.
32.000
32.000
32.000
32.000
32.000
32.000
32.000
35.000
35.000
35.000
35.000
35.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
161.5
179.0
189.1
189.1
189.1
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
153.2
5 16§ to 17i ounce.
(6)
(6)
( 6)
(6)
( 6)
(6)
!
I
(6)
(6)
( 6)
(6)
(6)
(6)
|
j
!
............
C O M M O D IT IE S ,
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
July...........
August......
September.
October___
November..
December..
1919—January__
February...
March........
April..........
M ay...........
June...........
July...........
August......
September.
October___
November..
December..
100.0
8.460
100 0
100.0
100.0
IM P O R T A N T
1918— January...
103.4
121.5
147.0
217.0
219.9
$8.460
$12. 690
12. 690
12.690
OF
August___
September.
October___
November..
December..
$1,941
2.348
3.465
3.512
27.000
PRICES
1917—January...
February.
March......
April........
M ay..........
June.........
110.5
100.0
100.0
AVERAGE
191
191
191
191
191
1U1.U
T able 9 .—A VER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
CD
to
Cloths and clothing.
Wool and woolen goods.
Women’s dress goods.
All wool.
Cashmere: Cashmere:
10-11 twill, 8-9 twill,
35-inch,
38-inch,
Rela Atlantic
Atlantic
tiv e
Mills,
Mills
J.,
price.
average
average
price per
price per
yard.
yard.
French
serge:
35-36
inches,
average
price per
yard.
Rela
tive
price.
Franklin
sackings:
54-inch,
average
price per
yard.
Panama
cloth:
54-inch,
average
price per
yard.
Storm
serge:
doable
warp,
50-inch,
average
price per
yard.
Cashmere.
Rela 27-inch,
tive
Hamilton,
price.
average
price per
yard.
36-inch,
Hamilton,
average
price per
yard.
R ela
tive
price.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
$0.181
.181
.179
.150
.135
86.0
86.0
84.9
71.0
64.0
$0,348
.366
.372
.325
.245
87.1
91.7
93.3
8i. 3
61.4
$0,594
.618
.618
.606
101.8
106.0
106.0
103.8
83.8
$0,098
.098
.097
.094
.091
91.6
91.4
90.4
87.3
84.4
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
.127
.127
.137
.143
.159
60.5
60.3
65.1
68.1
75.6
.235
.196
.239
.257
.321
58.9
49.1
59.8
64.4
80.3
.434
.416
.424
.455
.489
74.5
71.2
72.6
78.1
83.9
.085
.082
.078
.078
.082
78.9
76.6
73.1
73.1
76.6
TO 1919.
Broad
cloth:
53-54
inches,
average
price per
yard.
PRICES, 1890
Cashmere:
cotton
wafp,
Atlantic
Mills F.,
average
price per
yard.
Cotton warp.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
.164
.159
.164
.168
.174
77.9
75.2
77.9
79.7
82.6
.346
.323
.323
.332
.342
86.6
81.0
81.0
83.2
85.6
.610
.538
.558
.590
.584
104.5
92.3
95.8
101.1
.088
.091
.090
.089
.098
82.3
84.6
84.0
83.4
91.0
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
.202
.216
.223
.211
.223 I
95.7
102.3
106.0
100.0
105.8
.373
.392
.392
93.5
98.2
98.2
92.5
101.1
.675
.687
.653
100.1
115.7
117.8
112.0
112.9
.107
$0,698
.698
.704
1910.
.228 I
108.2
.695
111.5
$0.338
.319
.348
.368 1
106.8 1.
$0.185
.191
.198
.191
100.0
102.6
105.3
102.6
101.6
.191
102.6
.671
.652
.624
107.6
104.5
100.0
.190
.186
.186
.186
101.8
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.3
129.2
216.3
271.8
273.3
.557
.762
1.088
1.465
1.318
99.1
135.4
193.4
260.4
234.2
.190
.258
.388
.509
.468
101.8
138.4
208.5
273.5
251.5
1917—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
J u ly...........
August.......
September.
October—
November..
December..
1918—January--February...
March........ .
A pril..........
May............
June............
J u ly...........
A ugust......
September.
October___
Novem ber..
December...
1913—January—
February...
March........
A pril..........
1.814
1.814
1.907
1.907
2.023
2.023
2.093
2.093
2.279
2.279
2.279
2.441
2.488
2.488
2.558
2.558
2.558
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
166.4
166.4
175.0
175.0
185.6
185.6
192.0
192.0
209.1
209.1
209.1
224.1
228.3
228.3
234.7
234.7
234.7
.558
.558
.558
.606
.655
.655
.728
.849
.849
.849
.849
.849
.873
.873
.873
.873
.873
.907
.907
.907
.907
.922
.922
.922
.922
.922
.752
.752
.825
.825
.871
.970
.970
.972
1.019
1.019
169.1
169.1
169.1
183.
198.5
198.5
220.
257.3
257.3
257.3
257.3
257.3
264.7
264.7
264.7
264.7
264.7
275.0
275.0
275.0
275.0
279.4
279.4
279.4
279.4
279.4
227.9
227.9
250.0
250.0
264.2
294.1
294.1
294.6
.907
.907
.907
.907
.980
1.029
1.176
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.308
1.308
1.308
1.308
1.348
1.470
1.470
1.568
1.568
1.642
1.642
1.642
1.642
1.642
1.054
1.054
1.103
1.137
1.223
1.372
1.372
1.374
1.421
1.421
161.1
161.1
161.1
161.1
174.2
182.9
209.0
222.1
222.1
222.1
222.1
222.1
332.5
232.5
232.5
232.5
239.5
261.3
261.3
278.7
278.7
291.8
291.8
291.8
291.8
291.8
187.3
187.3
196.0
202.1
217.3
243.9
243.9
244.2
252.6
252.6
.343
.368
.368
.385
.385
.385
.404
.404
.404
.404
.404
.404
.441
.466
.466
.466
.515
.515
.539
.539
.539
.549
.564
.539
.539
.539
.444
.417
.417
.417
.441
.490
.490
.490
184.2
197.4
197.4
206.6
206.6
206.6
217.1
217.1
217.1
217.1
217.1
217.1
236.8
250.0
250.0
250.0
276.3
276.3
289.5
289.5
289.5
295.0
302.6
289.5
289.5
289.5
238.6
223.7
223.7
223.7
236.8
263.2
263.2
263.2
June..........
J u ly...........
August.......
September.
October—
November..
December..
i No quotation.
C O M M O D IT IE S ,
.315
.426
.713
.897
.901
IM P O R T A N T
107.6
136.2
190.8
232.2
OF
1.172
1.484
2.079
2.530
0)
$1,039
$0.563
.500
PRICES
1915..
1916..
1917..
1918..
1919..
103.5
103.5
100.0
95.3
AVERAGE
$0.315
102.7
100.5
100.0
92.5
.218
.218
.211
.201
1911..
1912..
1913..
1914..
0)
0)
CO
T able 9 . - AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
CO
Cloths and clothing.
Wool and woolen goods.
W omen’s dress goods.
Wool: Ohio, scoured fleece.
Poplar
cloth:
worsted
filling,
36-mch,
average
price per
yard.
Alpaca:
22-inch,
Rela Hamilton,
tiv e
price. price pei
yard.
Danish
cloth:
worsted
filling,
22-inch,
average
price per
yard.
Sicilian
cloth:
50-inch,
average
price per
yard.
Fine
(X and X X
grades),
Rela
average
tive
price per
price.
pound.
Fine
clothing,
average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
$0.074
.074
072
071
069
©3.4
93.4
91.9
90.4
87.2
$0,716
.686
.612
.564
.445
121.6
116.5
103.9
95.8
75.6
1895.,
1896.,
1897.,
1898.,
1899.,
074
071
069
069
071
88.5
85.6
82.6
82.6
85.0
064
064
064
064
066
81.0
81.0
81.0
81.0
83.5
.377
.394
.496
.615
.623
64.0
66.9
84.2
104.5
105.9
1900.,
1901.,
1902.,
1903.
1904.,
076
076
075
074
081
071
071
071
069
076
90.4
90.4
89.6
87.7
97.1
.659
.545
.577
.655
112.0
92.6
98.0
111.2
116.6
SO. 349
.349
.332
99.3
105.1
107.9
107.9
102.6
.759
.718
.718
.716
.738
128.9
122.0
122.0
121.7
125.3
.338
.328
104.6
101.5
.647
116.6
109.9
$0.185
91.5
91.5
90.8
89.2
97.4
1905.,
1906.,
1907.,
1908.,
1909.,
.187
.190
.191
.197
.191
98.3
100.0
100.4
103.5
100.4
1910.,
1911..
.200
.199
105.3
104.8
$0.113
.115
.122
.125
Rela
tive
price.
1919.
100.3
100.3
98.9
97.4
91.5
Average
price per
pound.
TO
$0,083
.083
.082
081
076
R ela
tive
price.
1890
1890.,
1691.,
1892.
1893.,
1894.,
Average
price per
pound.
Half-blood.
P R IC E S ,
Cashmere:
22-mch,
Hamilton,
average
price per
yard.
Fine delaine.
W H O L E SA L E
Cotton warp.
Year or month.
100.0
100.0
100.0
.327
.323
.281
101.0
100.0
86.9
.647
.589
.579
1915.
1916.,
1917.,
1918.,
1919.,
193
207
350
439
422
101.7
108.8
184.2
231.2
221.9
.312
.455
.569
.715
.697
96.3
140.7
175.9
221.0
215.5
.665
.775
1.402
.524
.524
.524
.524
.539
.539
162.1
162.1
162.1
162.1
166.7
166.7
1917—January...
February.
March.......
April........
M ay..........
June.........
SI.471
1.804
1.728
112.9
131.7
238.2
292.3
279.9
SI. 534
1.881
1.885
(i)
(i)
(l)
$1,379
1.746
1.678
0)
0)
C1)
1.027
1.054
1.135
1.216
1.243
1.432
1.000
1.087
1.130
1.152
1.304
1.348
169.9
184.6
192.0
195.7
221.6
229.0
1.238
1.262
1.262
1.262
1.310
1.429
(l)
(l)
m
(i)
( i\
(i)
.978
1.000
1.152
1.174
1.196
1.304
(0
1.757
1.730
1.730
1.757
1.784
1.784
1.478
1.630
1.696
1.652
1.652
1.696
251.1
277.0
288.0
280.7
280.7
288.0
1.667
1.786
1.786
1.786
1.810
1.810
(i)
(i)
(i)
(l)
(i)
(l)
1.457
1.630
1.652
1.652
1.674
1.674
0
(J)
V}
C1)
C1)
C1)
C1)
.564
.588
.588
.588
.662
.662
174.2
181.8
181.8
181.8
204.5
204.5
.375
.400
.400
.400
.425
.450
197.4
210.5
210.5
210.5
223.7
236.8
.671
.671
.671
.671
.671
.735
207.6
207.6
207.6
207.6
207.6
227.3
1.784
1.784
1.784
1.811
1.811
1.811
288.9
288.9
288.9
293.2
293.2
293.2
1.810
1.810
1.810
1.905
1.905
1.905
(i)
(l)
(i)
(l)
(l)
(l)
1.739
1.739
1.739
1.739
1.717
1.717
July ...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.,
December..
.475
.475
.475
.496
.525
.475
250.0
250.0
250.0
261.0
276.3
250.0
.735
.735
.735
.760
.760
.760
227.3
227.3
227.3
234.8
234.8
234.8
1.811
1.811
1.811
1.811
1.811
1.811
293.2
293.2
293.2
293.2
293.2
293.2
1.905
1.905
1.905
1.905
1.905
1.905
(i)
(i)
(l)
m
(i)
(l)
1.761
1.761
1.761
1.761
1.761
1.761
0)
(J)
1919—January...
February.
March.......
April........
M ay..........
June.........
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
.475
.475
.359
.325
.325
.325
.400
.475
.475
.475
.475
.475
250.0
250.0
188.9
171.1
171.1
171.1
210.5
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
.760
.760
.613
.613
.613
.630
.661
.727
.735
.735
.735
.784
234.8
234.8
189.4
189.4
189.4
194.7
204.3
224.8
227.3
227.3
227.3
242.4
1.460
1.514
1.514
1.568
1.514
1.757
1.784
1.838
1.838
1.946
2.000
2.000
279.9
236.3
245.1
253.9
245.1
284.6
288.9
297.7
297.7
315.1
323.9
323.9
1.548
1.476
1.571
1.810
1.714
1.952
2.024
2.024
2.024
2.143
2.167
2.167
m
(i)
m
(i<
(l)
( i)
( i\
( i\
V)
w
(1)
C1)
1.696
1.500
1.478
1.500
1.500
1.696
1.739
1.783
1.739
1.783
1.848
1.870
C1)
(!)
C1)
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
C1)
C1)
(!)
C1)
0)
1918—January...
February.
March.......
April........
M ay..........
June.........
1No relative price computed
* No quotation.
(1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
<*5
0)
( /
(1)
«
C O M M O D IT IE S .
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
IM P O R T A N T
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
OF
J u ly...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
109.9
100.0
98.3
PRICES
190
190
190
AVERAGE
1912.
1913.
1914.
O
or
table
9 .—A V ER AG E W H OLESALE PRtCES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
CO
C*
Cloths and clothing.
Fuel and lighting.
Wool and woolen goods.
Year or month.
Wool: Ohio, medium fleece
( | and | grades), scoured.
Alcohol: dena
tured, 180 proof.
Worsted yarns.
2-32s,
crossbred
stock,
average
price per
pound.
2-40s,
2-40s,
half blood,
Rela Australian;
fine,
average
tive
average
price per
price. price
per
pound.
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
2-50s,
fine
domestic,
average
price per
pound.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
gallon.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. long ton.
Rela
tive
price.
W H O L E SA L E
Average
2-40s,
price per price per
X X and
pound,
pound,
Rela Xxxxx,
based on based on tive
average
price of price of price.
price per
unwashed
pound.
wool.
wool.
Coal: anthracite,
broken.
$0,614
.582
.528
.462
.354
130.4
123.6
112.0
98.1
75.2
$t. 250
1.263
1.156
1.083
.919
112.1
113.1
103.6
97.1
82.3
$1.226
1.235
1.218
1.134
.929
104.3
105.1
103.6
96.5
79.1
$3.486
3.443
3.615
3.563
3.417
78.4
77.5
81.3
80.1
P R IC E S ,
1895.
1896
1897.
1898.
1899.
.328
.319
.400
.481
.497
69.2
67.6
84.9
102.0
105.4
.756
.750
.819
1.004
1.071
67.8
67.2
73.4
89.9
96.0
.743
.725
.852
1.031
1.091
63.2
61.7
72.5
87.7
92.8
3.283
3.269
3.247
3.211
3.135
73.8
73.5
73.0
72.2
70.5
1890
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
.530
.432
.444
.466
.487
112.4
91.6
94.2
98.9
103.4
1.194
1.028
1.139
1.213
1.172
107.0
92.1
102.1
108.7
105.0
1.205
1.040
1.123
1.177
1.188
102.5
88.5
95.5
100.1
101.0
3.271
3.551
3.719
4.250
4.247
73.6
79.9
83.6
95.6
95.5
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
.535
.513
.516
.490
.543
113.5
108.8
109.5
104.0
115.3
1.273
1.309
1.293
$0,900
.802
.923
114.2
117.3
115.9
103.2
118.9
1.253
1.293
1.297
1.230
1.307
106.6
110.0
110.3
104.6
111.2
4.213
4.202
4.204
4.202
4.200
94.8
94.5
94.6
94.5
94.5
1910.
1911.
1912.
.488
.449
.479
103.7
95.3
101.7
100.0
.788
.828
.777
111.9
101.4
106.6
100.0
1.252
1.206
1.220
106.5
102.6
103.8
100.0
4.200
4.199
4.354
94.5
94.5
97.9
100.0
.471
1.175
$0.366
100.0
4.446
1919.
1913.
76.9
TO
1891
1892
1893
1894
93.4
.640
82.4
1.027
87.4
.571
.680
1.145
.788
1.050
1.556
2.109
1.627
101.4
135.2
200.8
271.5
209.5
1.105
1.479
#1.164
1.440
1.189
121.3
144.3
243.1
300.7
248.4
$1,404
2.113
3.175
3.236
94.0
125.8
189.2
284.4
289.9
$1.550
2.354
3.600
3.633
1.000
1.071
1.100
.873
.891
.964
1.000
1.036
1.091
182.3
186.2
201.3
208.8
216.6
228.0
1.250
1.250
1.270
1.300
1.400
1.550
160.9
160.9
163.5
167.4
180.2
199.6
1.700
1.750
1.800
1.850
1.900
2.000
152.3
156.7
161.3
165.7
170.2
179.1
1.214
1.343
1.371
1.357
1.357
1.357
1.200
1.364
1.364
1.382
1.400
1.400
250.6
284.9
284.9
288.8
292.4
292.4
1.600
1.650
1.700
1.800
1.900
2.000
206.0
212.4
218.9
231.8
244.6
257.5
2.050
2.250
2.300
2.500
2.60Q
2.650
1.455
1.455
1.455
1.455
1.418
1.418
303.9
303.9
303.9
303.9
296.3
296.3
2.000
2.007
2.100
2.150
2.150
2.150
1.437
1.437
1.437
1.437
1.437
1.437
300.2
300.2
300.2
300.2
300.2
300.2
1.200
1.091
1.200
1.091
1.073
1.182
1.236
1.236
1.218
1.236
1.255
1.255
1917—January..,
February..
March___
April....... .
May..........
June........ .
Ju ly............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
Decem ber..
Ju ly............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
100.1
0)
0)
0)
0)
100.0
105^5
122.0
150.7
174.4
1.800
1.850
2.000
2.000
2.050
2.400
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
.640
.640
.640
.690
.710
.710
175.0
175.0
175.0
188.6
194.1
194.1
4. 841
4. 850
4.850
4.918
5.100
5.012
108.9
109.1
109.1
110.6
114.7
112.7
183.7
201.5
206.1
223.9
233.0
237.4
2.450
2.600
2. 700
2. 750
2.800
2.850
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
1.000
1.000
1.000
.900
.820
.820
273.4
273.4
273.4
246.0
224.2
224.2
5.842
5.844
5.881
5.873
5.882
6.183
131.4
131.4
132.3
132.1
132.3
139.1
257.5
258.4
270.4
276.8
276.8
276.8
2.750
246.3
2.750
246.3
2.800
250.8
2.900 ; 259.8
3.050
273.2
277.8
3.100
2.900
2.950
3.000
3.100
3.250
3.500
C1)
0)
C1)
0)
(J)
0)
.730
.695
.696
.680
.680
.676
199.6
190.0
190.3
185.9
185.9
184.8
6.307
6.210
6.210
6.318
6.426
6.477
141.9
139.7
139.7
142.1
144.5
145.8
2.150
2.150
2.150
2.150
2.150
2.000
276.8
276.8
276.8
276.8
276.8
257.5
3.250
3 . 500
4.000
4.000
3.250
2.750
291.1
313.6
358.4
358.4
291.1
246.3
3.500
4.000
5.000
5.000
4.000
3.000
(l)
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
o
.680
.682
.680
.680
.700
.650
185.9
186.4
185.9
185.9
191.4
177.7
6.736
6. 749
6.750
6.750
7.663
7.800
151.5
151. 8
151.8
151.8
172.3
175.4
250.6
228.0
250.6
228.0
224.1
247.0
1.750
1.700
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.600
225.3
218.9
193.1
193.1
193.1
206.0
2.650
2.550
2.550
2.700
3.000
3.025
237.4
228.5
228.5
240.0
268.8
271.1
2.900
2.800
2.850
3.100
3.350
3.390
C1)
0)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
.585
.465
.400
.400
.400
.400
159.9
127.1
109.3
109.3
109.3
109.3
7.800
7.800
7.790
7.793
7.759
7.732
175.4
175.4
175.2
175.3
174.5
173.9
258.4
258.4
254.5
258.4
262.1
262.1
1.600
1.624
1.750
1.750
(2)
(2)
206.0
209.1
225.3
225.3
3.295
3.624
3.750
3.782
3.900
4.003
295.4
324.8
336.1
339.0
349.5
358.8
3.782
4.032
4.227
4.300
4.360
4.507
(x)
C1)
0)
C1)
0)
.400
(2)
(2)
(2)
.630
.708
109.3
7.717
7.741
7.756
7.711
7.751
7. 717
173.6
174.1
174.5
173.4
174.3
173.6
i No relative price computed.
* No quotation.
0)
172.2”
193.4
C O M M O D IT IE S ,
1919—January...
February..
March___
April........
May..........
June........ .
4.450
4 444
4.692
5.423
6.700
7.756
IM P O R T A N T
J u ly............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
92.5
101.6
153.8
218.0
187.5
130.4
*
OF
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June..........
.814
.338
.372
.563
.798
.686
.477
PRICES
.440
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
AVERAGE
146726°— 20— Bull. 269-
1914.
CD
-or
T able 9 .—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
CD
OO
Fuel and lighting.
Coal: bituminous.
Coal: anthracite.
Chestnut.
Chicago.
Stove.
Egg.
Year or month.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. long ton.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. long ton.
Rela, tive
price.
Average
price per
short ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Prepared sizes,
southern Illinois
field.
Average
price per
short ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Pittsburgh
(Youghiogheny), at
Cincinnati,
average
price per
bushel.
Rela
tive
price.
Screenings,
southern Illinois
field.
Average
price per
short ton.
Pittsburgh,
run of
mine, f.o. b. Rela
Cincinnati, tive
price.
average
price per
short ton.
W H O L E SA L E
Average
price per
long ton.
Mine run,
southern Illinois
field.
63.1
65.1
74.2
78.4
66.7
$3.614
3.751
3.980
3.852
3.390
71.8
74.5
79.1
76.5
67.4
S3.711
3.854
4.153
4.193
3.600
73.3
76.2
82.1
82.8
71.1
SO. 066
.079
.075
.076
.063
79.4
94.4
89.6
90.7
75.8
P R IC E S ,
1895.. .
1896..............
1897..
1898.............
1899...
2.979
3.556
3.737
3.553
3.646
56.1
66.9
70.3
66.9
68.6
3.030
3.549
3.799
3.599
3.371
60.2
70.5
75.5
71.5
67.0
3.126
3.794
4.015
3.798
3.705
61.8
75.0
79.3
75.0
73.2
.060
.057
.057
.057
.053
71.8
68.5
68.2
67.6
63.5
1890
1900.............
1901........
1902.............
1903....................
1904....................
3.917
4.327
4.460
4.825
4.825
73.7
81.4
83.9
90.8
90.8
3.584
4.057
4.367
4.825
4.823
71.2
80.6
86.8
95.9
95.8
3.945
4.322
4.463
4.825
4.825
77.9
85.4
88.2
95.3
95.3
.075
.075
.079
.093
.085
89.9
89.9
94.1
110.6
101.9
1919.
1905..
1906
1907 .
1908 .
1909. .. .
4.823
4.860
4.820
4.821
4.820
90.8
91.5
90.7
90.7
90.7
4.825
4.863
4.821
4.820
4.785
95.8
96.6
95.8
95.8
95.1
4.823
4.862
4.822
4.823
4.820
95.3
96.1
95.3
95.3
95.2
.080
.079
.082
.085
.081
95.7
94.4
98.6
101.8
96.8
1910............................
1911
1912
1913 . .
1914....................................
4.813
4.999
5.281
5.313
5.315
90.6
94.1
99.4
100.0
100.0
4.813
4.807
5.030
5.034
5.059
95.6
95.5
99.9
100.0
100.5
4.818
4.806
5.033
5.061
5.061
95.2
95.0
99.4
100.0
100.0
.081
.083
.080
.084
96.3
98.8
96.2
100.0
100.0
$2.200
2.200
TO
$3,353
3.458
3.944
4.167
3.542
1890..........................
1891___
1892.............
1893....................................
1894.......................
191
191
191
191
191
5
6
7
8
9
$3,889
3.783
4.039
G)
G)
(*)
$4.267
4.008
4.367
C1)
C1)
0)
$3.102
3.317
3.329
1917—January...
February..
March.......
A pril.........
May..........
June..........
5.739
5 . 7?4
5.726
5.236
5.744
5.836
108.0
107.7
107.8
98.5
108.1
109.8
5.435
5.439
5.428
4.923
5.424
5.533
6.690
5.683
5.674
5.192
5.683
5.788
132.2
112.3
112.1
102.6
112.3
114.4
4.675
4.456
4.100
4.888
4.325
4.350
C1)
C1)
G)
P)
0)
0)
4.925
4.800
4.725
4.138
4.725
4.725
C1)
0)
(*)
0)
0)
(!)
4.009
3.589
2.821
2.634
3.585
3.110
Ju ly..........
August___
September
O ctober...
November.
December.
5.933
6.011
6.218
6.232
6.242
6.585
111.7
113.1
117.0
117.3
117.5
123.9
5.635
5.742
5.897
5.898
5.896
6.212
5.886
5.980
6.130
6.143
6.147
6.474
116.3
118.2
121.1
121.4
121.5
127.9
3.975
3.513
3.050
3.050
3.560
3.650
(!)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
4.725
4.013
3.300
3.300
3.810
3.900
C1)
C1)
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
3.173
2.898
2.560
2.560
3.074
3.170
1918—January. . .
February..
March.......
A pril.........
May..........
June..........
6.600
6.600
6.564
6.370
6.400
6.427
124.2
124.2
123.5
119.9
120.4
121.0
6.250
6.250
6.218
6.017
6.050
6.067
6.500
6.500
6.464
6.261
6.300
6.321
128.4
128.4
127.7
123.7
124.5
124.9
3.650
3.650
3.650
3.700
3.700
3.625
C1)
0)
C1)
C1)
0)
3.900
3.900
3.900
3.900
4.000
3.833
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
C1)
3.170
3.170
3.170
3.261
3.235
3.325
J u ly ..........
A ugust___
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
6.693
6.700
7.000
7.000
7.922
8.050
126.0
126.1
131.7
131.7
149.1
151.5
6.332
6.350
6.650
6.650
7.573
7.700
6.597
6.599
6.900
6.900
7.807
7.950
130.3
130.4
136.3
136.3
154.3
157.1
3.900
3.900
3.900
3.900
3.900
3.900
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
4.150
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
(l )
C1)
1919—January...
February..
March.......
A pril.........
M ay..........
June..........
8.050
8.050
8.004
8.017
8.093
8.222
151.5
151.5
150.6
150.9
152.3
154.7
7.700
7.700
7.692
7.642
7.756
7.869
7.950
7.950
7.904
7.905
7.986
8.117
157.1
157.1
156.2
156.2
157.8
160.4
3.900
4.013
3.917
3.963
4.000
4.100
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
4.100
4.250
4.300
4.275
4.320
4.400
July ..........
A ugust___
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
8.304
8.414
8.501
8.507
8.527
8.521
156.3
158.3
160.0
160.1
160.5
160.4
7.964
8.064
8.155
8.166
8.164
8.163
8.188
8.315
8.402
8.414
8.427
8.410
161.8
164.3
166.0
166.2
166.5
166.2
4.100
4.020
4.138
4.144
4.100
4.100
C1)
C1)
C1)
(0
i1)
C1)
(!)
2.200
2.675
4.583
3.883 '
4.108
ioo. a
121.6
208.3
176.5
186.7
(l)
4.500
5.000
5.000
5.000
6.000
6.000
204.5
227.3
227.3
227.3
272.7
272.7
C1)
0)
C1)
C1)
0)
C1)
5.000
4.400
3.300
3.300
3.750
3.750
227.3
200.0
150.0
150.0
170.5
170.5
(J)
0)
C1)
0)
C1)
C1)
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.850
3.750
163.6
163.6
163.6
163.6
175.0
170.5
3.650
3.360
3.360
3.360
3.360
3.360
0)
0)
C1)
(!)
C1)
0)
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
186.4
186.4
186.4
186.4
186.4
186.4
0)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
3.360
3.360
3.360
3.248
3.370
3.223
0)
0)
C1)
C1)
C1)
4.100
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
186.4
181.8
181.8
181.8
181.8
181.8
4.400
4.512
4.719
4.538
(L)
3.235
2.995
3.223
3.278
C1)
0)
C1)
4.000
4.000
4.500
4.500
4 .3 0 0
4 .3 0 0
C1)
C)
181.8
181.8
204.5
204.5
186.4
186.4
(l)
0)
C1)
3 .6 4 0
3 .6 4 0
i1)
(l)
0)
0)
C1)
a)
0)
(0
c1)
( x)
0)
C1)
- ............
4 .1 0 0
4 .1 0 0
C O M M O D IT IE S .
99.7
107.8
116.0
133.5
161.3
IM P O R T A N T
5.045
5.454
5.872
6.758
8.164
OF
5.046
5.291
5.622
6.509
7.920
PRICES
100.2
104.7
111.7
129.1
155.6
AVEBAGE
5.326
5.565
5.936
6.861
8.268
1 No relative price computed.
CD
CD
100
T able 9 .—A V E R A G E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Fuel and lighting.
Coal: bituminous.
Year or month.
Pittsburgh:
prepared sizes.
Relative
price.
St. Louis:
run of mine.
Average
price per
short ton.
Relative
price.
Georges New River:
f. o.b.
Creek:
(at mine), Cincinnati,
average
average
price per
price per
long ton. short ton.
Georges
Creek:
f. o. b.
Rela New
York
tive
Harbor,
price.
average
price per
long ton.
Poca
hontas:
f. o. b.
Norfolk,
Va.,
average
price per
long ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
short ton.
Rela
tive
price.
$2,083
1.875
1.808
1.479
1.058
85.4
76.9
74.1
60.6
43.4
1895.
1896.
1897.
.775
.900
.833
.913
1.013
51.4
59.7
55.2
60.5
67.1
2.813
2.663 .
2.442 ,
2.175
2.700 .
92.1
87.2
79.9
71.2
88.4
1.325
1. 875
1.617
1.677
2.185
54.3
76.9
66.3
68.7
89.6
1900..
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
1.200
1.338
2.125
2.396
1.750
79.6
88.7
140.9
158.8
116.0
2.908 .
2.925
4.058
4.438 .
3.196 .
95.2
95.8
132.9
145.3
104.6
2.6461.963
2.688
2.913
1.638
108.5
80.4
110.2
119.4
67.1
1905..
1906..
1907.
1908.
1909..
1.600
1.550
1.538
1.442
1.379
106.1
102.8
101.9
95.6
91.4
3.150
3.125
3.238
3.079
3.052
103.1
102.3
106.0
100.8
2/288
2.675
2.825
1.708
2.002
109.6
115.8
70.0
82.1
1910.
1911.
1912..
1913..
1914..
1.408
1.446
1.463
1.508
93.4
95.9
97.0
100.0
99.5
3.047
3.021
3.126
3.054
99.8
98.9
102.3
100.0
100.0
1.969
1.642
2.400
2.440
1.808
80.7
67.3
98.4
100.0
74.1
$2.413
2.400
$3.000
3.000
1919.
97.8
99.3
96.0
96.6
89.6
TO
$2,988
3.031
2.931
2.950
2.738 .
Rela
tive
price.
1890
57.2
63.0
59.7
61.0
54.4
Average
price per
gallon.
P R IC E S ,
$0,863
.950
.900
.921
.821
1891.
1892.,
1893.
1894..
Gasoline: motor.
W H O L E SA L E
Average
price per
short ton.
Coke: Connellsville
furnace.
Coal: sem ibituminous.
$0.168
.144
100.0
85.7
73.2
133.0
338.2
245.2
194.2
.138
.230
.238
.242
.245
82.2
136.7
141.1
143.9
145.6
3.210
2.970
2.220
2.140
2.810
2.680
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
C1)
6.100
6.100
6.100
6.100
6.100
6.100
252.9
2«jj>2.9
252.9
252.9
252.9
252.9
6.000
6.500
6.500
6.500
7.000
7.000
200.0
216.7
216.7
216.7
233.3
233.3
7.250
7.500
8.500
7.250
7.000
9.500
297.2
307.4
348.4
297.2
286.9
389.4
.220
.230
.240
.240
.240
.240
130.7
13)6.7
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
2.830
3.070
2.770
2.860
3.310
3.190
0)
0)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
6.100
4.500
3.550
3.550
4.000
4.000
252.9
186.5
147.2
147.2
165.8
165.8
5.140
3.908
3.908
3.908
4.412
4.412
171.3
163.6
163.6
163.6
147.1
147.1
12.250
10.000
11.750
6.000
6.000
6.000
502.1
409.9
481.6
245.9
245.9
245.9,
.240
.2,40
.240
.240
.240
.240
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
3.320
3.320
3.320
3.320
3.320
3*220
0)
0)
(0
C1)
0)
0)
3.380
3.260
3.240
2.900
3.150
3.000
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
3.850
3.850
3.850
3.850
4.050
3; 950
159.6
159.6
159.6
159.6
167.9
163.7
4.412
4.412
4.412
4.244
4.219
4.232
147.1
147.1
147.1
141.5
140.6
141.1
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
245.9
245.9
245.9
245.9
245.9
245.9
.240
.240
.240
.240
.240
.240
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
142.6
J u ly .........
A ugust--September.
October...
November.
December.
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
O)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
3.360
3.310
3.310
3.320
3.130
3.070
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
4.300
4.300
4.300
4.300
4.300
4.300
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
4.632
4.632
4.632
4.632
4.632
4.632
154.4
154.4
154.4
154.4
154.4
154.4
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
245.9
245.9
245.9
245.9
245.9
245.9
.241
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
143.4
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
1919—January...
February..
March......
April........
May...........
June..........
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
2.970
2.910
2.850
2.820
2.830
2.820
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
4.300
4.350
4.350
4.350
4.350
4.350
178.2
180.3
180.3
180.3
180.3
180.3
4.632
4.632
4.900
4.900
4.900
5.140
154.4
154.4
163.3
163.3
163.3
171.3
5.781
5.219
4.469
3.900
3.844
4.000
237.0
213.9
183.2
159.9
157.6
164.0
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
J u ly . .: . . .
A ugust--September.
October__
November.
December..
3.420
3.620
3.620
3.620
3.620
3.620
0)
0)
0)
O)
0)
0)
2.950
3.140
3.210
3.380
( 2)
3.360
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
4.600
190.7
4.600
190.7
5.350 . 221.8
5.350
221.8
4.300
178.2
178.2
4.300
5.140
5.140
5.140
5.140
4.632
4.632
171.3
171.3
171.3
171.3
154.4
154.4
4.095
4.219
4.592
4.825
5.938
6.050
167.9
172.9
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
.245
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
145.6
1917—January...
F ebruary..
March........
April........
May......... .
June.........
0)
0)
0)
2.500
2.500
2.500
3.750
3.950
3.950
O)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
J u ly..........
August—
September,
October...
November.
December.
3.950
3.950
2.750
2.750
3.320
3.320
1918—January...
February..
March.......
A pril........
M ay..........
June.........
2No quotation.
188.2
197.8
243.4
248.0
101
1No relative price computed.
;
COMMODITIES.
1.785
3.246
8.250
6.000
4.738
IMPORTANT
95.0
124.3
181.1
149.2
163.7
$3.266
3.203
3.022
OF
2.850
3.729
5.432
4.477
4.911
$2.838
3.362
3.503
PRICES
101.6
127.1
215.2
169.9
188.3
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
0)
0)
0)
2.450
3.067
5.192
4.100
4.542
1915.
191
191
191
191
Fuel and lighting.
Matches.
Parlor,
do
mestic,
average
price
per 144
boxes.
Globe,
No. 1,
average
price
per 144
boxes.
Metals and metal products.
Petroleum.
Augers.
Crude.
Rela
tive
price.
California.
Aver
age
price
per
barrel.
KansasOklahoma.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Refined.
Pennsylvania.
For export.
150° fire test,
water-white.
Aver
age
price
per
barrel.
Rela
tive
price.
Aver
age
price
per
gallon.
Rela
tive
price.
Aver
age
price
per
gallon.
Rela
tive
price.
f-inch,
average
price
each.
Extra, Regular,
1-inch, 1-inch,
average average
price
price
each.
each.
Rela
tive
price.
$0.868
.670
.556
.640
.839
35.4
27.3
22.7
26.1
34.2
SO. 073
.069
.061
.052
.052
84.9
79.4
70.6
60.5
59.7
10.100
.088
.079
.073
.073
86.7
71.3
64.4
58.8
58.8
SO. 190
.190
.190
.180
.154
63.4
63.4
63.4
60.0
51.4
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1.688
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.750
112.5
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
1.358
1.179
.787
.912
1.293
55.4
48.1
32.1
37.2
52.8
.071
.070
.060
.063
.079
82.4
81.3
69.2
72.8
91.7
.092
.104
.090
.091
.102
74.8
84.3
73.0
73.7
82.3
.133
.139
.143
.143
.147
44.4
46.4
47.5
47.5
48.8
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1.750
1.750
1.583
1.500
1.500
116.7
116.7
105.6
100.0
100.0
1.352
1.210
1.237
1.589
1.627
55.2
49.4
50.5
64.8
66.4
.085
.075
.073
.086
.083
99.0
86.8
85.0
99.6
95.7
.119
.110
.111
.136
.137
96.4
88.9
89.9
110.5
110.9
.200
.170
.180
.231
.240
66.6
66.6
60.0
77.0
80.0
1905.................
1906..........
1907 . . .
1908 . .
1909
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.500
1.500
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.384
1.598
1.734
1.780
1.663
56.5
65.2
70.8
72.7
67.9
.072
.076
.082
.087
.084
83.7
88.3
95.6
100.7
96.8
.126
.130
.135
.135
.123
102.4
105.4
109.2
109.5
99.4
.307
.357
.360
1910
1911
. . .
1912...........................
1.500
1.500
1.500
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.344
1.300
1.575
64.9
63.1
64.3
.077
.073
.084
89.2
84.9
97.2
.108
.093
.112
87.5
75.0
90.6
$0.950
SO. 420
.420
.372
102.2
118.9
120.0
120.0
106.4
.366
.340
.350
104.6
97.1
100.0
TO 1919,
130.6
116.7
116.7
116.7
111.1
PRICES, 1890
SI.958
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.667
1890 . .
1891
1892
1893
1894
WHOLESALE
Year of month.
Average
of Safe
Home,
Bird’s
Eye, and
Search
light,
average
price per
matchman’s
gross.
102
T able 9.—AVE R A G E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
.950
.950
100.0
100.0
$0.350
.388
100.0
110.7
$0,934
.798
100.0
85.5
2.450
1.917
100.0
78.2
.086
.085
100.0
98.0
.123
.120
100.0
97.3
1915..
1916..
1917..
1918..
1919..
1.225
1.650
#1.410
1.410
1.410
103.9
128.9
173.7
173.7
173.7
.356
.618
.898
1.178
1.263
101.8
176.7
256.4
336.7
360.9
.583
1.258
1.775
2.197
2.279
62.4
134.7
190.0
235.2
1.529
2.483
3.200
3.972
4.135
62.4
101.4
130.6
162.1
168.8
.077
.088
.102
.146
.181
88.9
101.6
118.7
169.2
209.4
.121
.122
.124
.170
.200
98.0
98.7
100.7
137.5
162.5
.615
.708
100.0
124.3
165.2
267.4
307.9
101*?—January...
February.
March.......
April.........
M ay.........
June.........
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
.760
.760
.760
.760
.760
.910
217.1
217.1
217.1
217.1
217.1
260.0
1.400
1.700
1.700
1.700
1.700
1.700
149.9
182.0
182.0
182.0
182.0
182.0
2.850
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.100
3.100
116.3
124.5
124.5
124.5
126.5
126.5
.087
.092
.098
.103
.103
.103
100.2
106.0
113.0
118.8
118.8
118.8
.120
.120
.120
.120
.120
.120
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
.320
.320
.320
.340
.340
.340
139.1
139.1
139.1
147.8
147.8
147.8
AVERAGE
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.650
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.010
1.010
1.010
1.010
1.010
1.010
288.6
288.6
288.6
288.6
288.6
288.6
1.700
1.700
2.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
182.0
182.0
214.1
214.1
214.1
214.1
3.100
3.100
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.500
126.5
126.5
142.9
142.9
142.9
142.9
.103
.104
.104
.104
.112
.122
118.8
119.9
119.9
119.9
129.2
140.8
.120
.120
.130
.130
.130
.140
97.3
97.3
105.4
105.4
105.4
113.5
.410
.410
.410
.450
.450
.450
178.3
178.3
178.3
195.7
195.7
195.7
PRICES
1.410
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
1.010
1.010
1.010
1.010
1.260
1.260
288.6
288.6
214.1
214.1
224.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
3.750
3.938
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
153.1
160.7
163.3
163.3
163.3
163.3
.125
.125
288.6
360.0
360.0
2.000
2.000
2.100
2.250
2.250
2.250
.127
.132
.133
.151
144.8
144.8
147.2
152.9
154.1
174.4
.160
.160
.160
.168
.170
.170
129.8
129.8
129.8
135.8
137.9
137.9
.450
.630
.630
.630
.630
.630
195.7
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
360.0
360.0
360.0
360.0
360.0
360.0
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
163.3
163.3
163.3
163.3
163.3
163.3
.151
.153
.155
.155
.169
.173
174.4
177.5
179.6
179.6
195.8
199.9
.171
.175
.175
.175
.175
.175
138.9
141.9
141.9
141.9
141.9
141.9
.630
.630
.630
1.410
1.410
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
1.260
360.0
360.0
360.0
360.0
360.0
360.0
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
163.3
163.3
163.3
163.3
163.3
.165
.173
.173
.173
.173
.173
191.2
199.9
199.9
199.9
199.9
199.9
.175
.175
.181
.185
.185
.200
141.9
141.9
.630
.630
150.0
150.0
162.2
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
273.9
292.7
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
1.410
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
173.7
1.260
1.260
1.270
1.270
1.270
1.270
360.0
360.0
362.9
362.9
362.9
362.9
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.250
2.350
2.500
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
251.6
267.6
4.000
4.000
4.250
4.250
4.438
4.600
163.3
163.3
173.5
173.5
181.1
187.8
.173
.189
.193
.193
.196
199.9
.205
.218
.220
.220
.220
.220
166.3
176.8
178.4
178.4
178.4
178.4
1013.
1914..
1919—January...
February.
March.......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1.410
288.6
218.4
223.0
223.0
226.5
228.9
146.8
.630
.774
.788
.790
.855
100.0
295.7
336.3
342.4
342.4
343.7
371.7
COMMODITIES,
Ju ly...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
1.650
100.0
IMPORTANT
1018—January...
February.
March.......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
$0,230
.230
OF
J u ly...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
.350
o
CO
104
T able 9.*—A V E R A G E W HO LESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Metals and metal products.
Butts.
Bar iron.
Year or month.
Best refined^ from store
(Philadelphia market).
Relative
price.
Loosejoint, cast,
3 by 3 inch,
Best
average
refined, Common,
price per
average Rela
tive
average price
pair.
per
price.
price per pound.
pound.
Loose-pin, Loose-pin,
wrought
wrought
steel,
steel,
Rela
3J by 3i
3 | by 3J
tive
inch,
inch,
price.
average
average
price per
price per
pair.
dozen pairs.
Extra,
1-inch,
average
price
each.
Regular,
1-inch,
average
price
each.
Copper: ingot.
Electro
Lake,
Rela average
lytic,
tive
average
price. price per price per
pound.
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
106.8
99.0
97.4
88.5
69.8
$0,018
.017
.016
.015
.012
102.5
95.2
91.4
83.6
66.9
$0,035
.035
.031
.031
.030
88.3
88.3
76.5
77.8
75.8
$0.210
.210
.210
.193
.173
84.0
84.0
84.0
77.3
69.3
$0.158
.131
.115
.109
.095
97.9
81.1
71.7
67.9
58.9
1895..........................
1896.......................
1897..........................
1898.........................
1899.........................
.014
.014
.013
.013
.021
75.0
72.9
68.2
66.7
101.8
.013
.012
.011
.011
.020
69.6
67.9
61.3
59.6
108.7
.032
.033
.031
.029
.029
79.3
82.3
76.5
73.0
73.0
.171
.179
.171
.172
.204
68.4
71.7
68.4
68.8
81.5
.108
.110
.113
.119
.177
66.8
68.2
70.4
74.2
109.9
1900..........................
1901.........................
1902..........................
1903.........................
1904..........................
.020
.018
.021
.020
.017
102.1
95.8
110.9
104.2
89.6
.022
.018
.019
.018
.015
119.8
100.3
108.1
98.7
82.4
.040
.037
.040
.040
.040
100.0
92.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
.242
.230
.270
.280
.300
96.7
92.0
108.0
112.0
120.0
.166
.169
.120
.137
.131
103.3
104.9
74.6
85.1
81.5
1905.........................
1906..........................
1907.........................
1908.......................
1909..........................
.019
.020
.021
.017
.018
100.0
103.1
109.9
88.5
91.7
.019
.017
.018
.015
.015
104.2
102.4
106.1
88.5
88.5
.040
.040
.040
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
103.0
.397
.419
.444
.375
.332
158.7
167.5
172.5
150.0
132.8
.158
.196
.213
1910.....................
1911.........................
1912........................
.019
.016
.018
.017
93.9
78.8
83.6
100.0
.720
119.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
$0.200
139.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.016
.013
.014
.348
.250
.250
.019
96.4
85.4
91.1
100.0
.157
1914........................
.016
83.5
.013
77.0
.720
100.0
.200
100.0
.134
85.1
1915..........................
.017
91.0
.013
78.8
.960
133.3
.202
100.9
.173
109.7
1913........................
$0.017
$0.090
.090
.093
.108
.090
.090
$0.720
.250
$0.208
.133
.131
98.0
127.9
100.0
84.8
83.3
.129
.125
.164
82.1
79.3
104.4
100.0
1890 TO 1919.
$0.021
.019
.018
.017
.013
PRICES,
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
From m ill (Pittsburgh
market).
Chisels: socket firmer.
229.2
390.5
444.4
474.1
.262
.329
.390
.420
130.9
164.4
195.1
210.2
.275
.294
.247
.191
175.1
f86.9
156.8
121.5
1917—Januar y
February...
March........
April.........
May...........
June..........
.039
.039
.043
.044
.044
.047
208.5
208.5
228.2
234.6
234.6
250.0
.033
.033
.035
.035
.038
.043
197.0
197.0
212.1
212.1
227.3
257.6
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.750
2.750
347.2
347.2
347.2
347.2
381.9
381.9
.310
.310
.310
.335
.335
.335
155.0
155.0
155.0
167.5
167.5
167.5
.295
.330
.363
.340
.310
.325
187.5
209.8
230.4
216.1
197.1
206.6
July...........
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.054
.054
.054
.051
.044
.044
286.7
286.7
286.7
271.3 ...............
234.6
234.6
.048
.048
.048
.048
.048
.035
287.9
287.9
287.9
287.9
287.9
212.1
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.050
423.6
423.6
423.6
423.6
423.6
423.6
.335
.335
.335
.335
.335
.335
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
167.5
.318
.290
.253
.235
.235
.235
201.8
184.4
160.5
149.4
149.4
149.4
1918—Januar y
February...
March........
April.........
May...........
June..........
.044
.044
.044
.044
.044
.044
234.6
234.6
234.6
234.6
234.6
234.6
.035
.035
.035
.035
.035
.035
212.1
212.1
212.1
212.1
212.1
212.1
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.050
3.050
423.6
423.6
423.6
423.6
423.6
423.6
.335
.375
.400
.400
.400
.400
167.5
187.3
200-0
200.0
200.0
200.0
.235
.235
.235
.235
.235
.230
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
146.2
July...........
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.046
.046
.046
.052
.062
.062
243.1
246.8
246.8
277.1
328.2
328.2
.035
.035
.035
.044
.050
.050,
212.1
212.1
212.1
266.7
303.0
303.0
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
465.3
465.3
465.3
465.3
465.3
465.3
.400
.400
.400
.400
.400
.400
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
.255
.260
.260
.260
.260
.254
162.1
165.3
165.3
165.3
165.3
161.5
1919—January—
February...
March........
April.........
May...........
June..........
.053
.050
.045
.033
.033
.033
280.3
263.3
239.9
177.1
176.6
176.6
.050
.050
.050
.032
.028
.028
303.0
303.0
303.0
190.9
166.7
166.7
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.000
465.3
465.3 ,
465.3
465.3
465.3
416.7 .
.400
,400
,400
,400
400
400
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
.204
.173
.151
.153
.160
.176
129.6
110.0
95.9
97.3
101.7
111.6
July............
August......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.033
.036
.036
.036
.036
.036
177.1
189.4
189.4
189.4
189.4
189.9
.028
.028
.028
.028
.030
.033
166.7
166.7
166.7
166.7
181.2
200.0
3.000
3.350
3.350
3.700
3.700
4.110
416.7
465.3 ,
465.3
513.9
513.9
570.8
,400
445
450
450
450
450
200.0
222.6
225.0
225.0
225.0
225.0
.215
.228
.222
.217
.204
.187
136.7
145.0
141.1
138.1
129.6
119.1
105
COMMODITIES.
1.650
2.812
3.200
3.413
IMPORTANT
156.4
246.1
232.7
204.8
OP
.026
.041
.038
.034
PRICES
170.2
247.3
256.4
203.2
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
.032
.047
.048
.038
191
191
191
191
106
T able 9 .—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OP COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Metals and metal products.
Door knobs: steel,
bronze-plated.
Copper.
Year or month.
Sheet: hot rolled
(base sizes).
Files: 8-inch mill,
bastard.
Hammers: May dole, No. 1 |.
Lead: pig.
Wire: bare.
$0,166
.166
.166
.166
.166
61.5
61.5
61.5
61.5
61.5
$0,910
.892
.872
.867
.830
98.9
96.9
94.7
94.2
90.2
$0,350
.350
.350
.350
.350
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
79.5
.124
.106
.138
.138
.183
74.0
81.1
82.2
82.2
109.1
.195
.173
.166
.166
.166
72.3
64.2
61.5
61.5
61.5
.813
.778
.805
.825
.936
88.4
84.5
87.5
89.6
101.7
.353
.380
.380
.363
.387
80.1
86.4
86.4
82.6
87.9
97.5
98.5
84.1
90.5
84.9
.180
.182
.133
.150
.144
107.6
108.5
79.3
89.5
86.0
.181
.190
.215
.225
.246
67.1
70.4
79.7
83.3
91.0
1,090
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.040
118.4
114.1
114.1
114.1
113.0
.419
.423
.423
.466
.466
.199
.238
.279
.179
.179
94.0
112.1
131.8
84.6
84.6
.170
.211
.240
.152
.148
101.7
126.0
143.6
90.8
88.6
.363
.441
.450
.400
.400
134.3
163.3
166.7
348.1
148.1
1.037
1.022
.998
.954
.933
112.6
111.0
108.4
103.7
101.4
.466
.466
.466
.466
.466
1910...................
1911..........................
1912..........................
191.3..........................
1914.....................
. 180
.166
.213
.212
.188
85.1
78.1
100.5
100.0
88.7
.144
.139
.175
.167
.147
85.8
83.0
104.4
100.0
87.6
.475
.250
.270
.270
.270
175.9
92.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
.930
.930
.926
.920
.916
101.1
101.1
100.6
100.0
99.5
.469
.440
.440
1915..........................
1916..........................
.225
.359
106.0
169.5
.185
.305
110.6
182.4
.300
111.1
.371 1 137.3
.914
1*050
99.4
114.0
1 8 9 0 ...* ...................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894.....................
$0.228
.190
.160
.150
.143
107.4
89.7
75.5
70.8
67.2
$0,188
.165
.144
.135
.116
1895.....................
1896..........................
1897..........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
.143
.143
.146
.140
.218
67.2
67.2
69.0
66.1
102.6
1900..........................
1901.....................
1902..................
1903........................
1904.....................
.207
.209
.178
.192
.180
1905..........................
1906.....................
1907..........................
1908..........................
1909.....................
Rela Average
tive
price. price each.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
long ton.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Rela
tive
price.
$0,044
.044
.041
.037
.033
10.00
99.3
93.9
85.0
75.2
.033
.030
.036
.038
.045
74.1
68.2
81.4
80.8
101.4
95.2
96.2
96.2
105.9
105.9
.045
.044
.041 I
.043
.044 j
101.8
99.5
93.4
97.3
100.7
105.9
105.9
105.9
105.9
105.9
.048
.059
.055
.042
.043
108.9
133.6
135.5
95.9
97.5
$5.280
5.280
5.280
106.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
ioo.o
$4.150
3.717 ' 89.6
.045
.045
.044
.044
.039
101.8
101.8
100.7
100.0
88.4
5.280
6.840
100.0
129.5
3.475
83.7
4.325 1 104.2
.046
.068
104.3
154.5
i
191S>.
112.1
98.6
86.0
80.7
69.1
Rela
tive
price.
TO
Average
price per
dozen.
Average
price per
pound.
PEICES, 1890
Rela
tive
price.
Rela
tive
price.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
dozen.
Average
price per
pair.
Average
price per
pound.
Iron ore: Mesabi
Bessemer.
158.6
174.1
174.4
1.372
1.637
1.656
149.1
177.9
179,9
9.450
11.108
12.100
179.0
210.4
229.2
5.700
5.992
6.262
137.3
144.4
150.9
.091
.074
.058
207.0
168.6
131.4
1917—Januar y
February.......
March............
April..............
May...............
June...............
.420
.420
-440
*440
.420
.400
198.2
198,2
207,6
207.6
198.2
188.8
.368
.368
.368
.368
.348
.328
219.7
219.7
219.7
219.7
207.7
195.8
,400
.400
.400
.400
.420
.420
148.1
148.1
148.1
148.1
155.6
155.6
1.233
1.233
1.233
1.233
1.331
1.331
134,0
134.0
134,0
134.0
144.6
144.6
8.500
8.500
8.500
8.500
9.100
9.100
161.0
161.0
161.0
161.0
172.3
172.3
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
.075
.085
.095
.094
.099
.115
170.4
193.2
215.9
212.5
224.5
201.3
July...............
August..........
September__
October.........
November___
December___
,400
.360
.360
.350
.350
.330
188,8
169.9
169.9
165.2
165.2
155.7
.338
.318
.298
.298
.288
.278
201.7
189.8
177.8
177.8
171.8
165.9
.450
.450
.450
,450
.450
.460
166.7
166.7
166.7
166.7
166.7
166,7
1.479
1.479
1.479
1.479
1.479
1.479
160.7
160.7
160.7
160.7
160.7
160.7
10.200
10.200
10.200
10.200
10.200
10.200
193.2
193.2
193.2
193.2
193.2
193.2
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
.114
.109
.104
.080
.061
.065
258.6
247.2
235.9
180.7
199.3
147.7
y
February.......
March............
.315
.315
.315
.315
.315
.325
148.7
148.7
148.7
148.7
1*8*7
158.4
.263
.263
.263
.263
.263
.267
156.9
156.9
156.9
156.9
156.9
159.4
,460
.450
.450
.450
.450
.450
166.7
166.7
166.7
166.7
166.7
166.7
1.479
1.479
1.479
1.643
1.643
1.643
160.7
160.7
160.7
178.5
178.5
178.5
10.200
10.200
10.200
10.200
10.200
11.150
193.2
193.2
193.2
193.2
193.2
211.2
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
5.700
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
137.3
.068
.071
.072
.070
.069
.073
155.5
160.5
164.5
158.6
157.0
165.5
July.............
August.........
Septem ber....
October.........
November___
December___
.357
.360
.360
.360
.360
.360
168.4
169.9
169.9
169.9
169.9
169.9
.285
.290
.290
.290
.290
.290
170.5
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
.490
.490
.490
.490
.490
.490
181.5
181.5
181.5
181.5
181.5
181.5
1.643
1.643
1.643
1.764
1.793
1.793
178.5
178.5
178.5
191.7
194.8
194.8
11.150
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
211.2
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
6.150
6.150
0.150
6.400
6.400
0.400
148.2
148,2
148.2
154.2
154.2
154.2
.080
.081
.081
.081
.081
.067
182.3
183.0
183.0
183.0
183.0
151.6
1919-^January.........
February.......
March............
April..............
M ay................
June...............
.308
.271
.229
.225
.232
.252
145.4
127.8
108.2
106.2
109.3
119.0
.228
.205
.174
.175
.179
.196
136.0
122.3
103.8
104.5
106.9
117.3
.490
.490
.440
.440
.440
.440
181.5
181.5
163.0
163.0
163.0
163.0
1.793
1.793
1,793
1.610
1.010
1.610
194.8
194.8
194.8
174.9
174.9
174.9
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
0,400
6.400
6.400
6.360
6.200
6.200
154.2
154.2
154.2
153.3
149.4
149.4
.056
.051
.052
.051
.051
.053
126.8
115.5
119.1
115.2
115.5
120.5
J uly...............
August..........
September__
October. .„ ...
N ovem ber....
December___
.307
.335
.335
.332
.313
.286
144.7
158.1
158.1
156.4
147.8
134.7
.244
.268
.268
.264
.248
.219
145.9
159.9
159.9
157.6
147.9
130.7
.440
.440
.440
.480
.530
.580
163.0
163.0
163.0
177.8
196.3
214.8
1.610
1.610
1.610
1.610
1.610
1.610
174.9
174.9
174.9
174.9
174.9
174.9
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
13.200
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
227.3
250.0
6.200
6.200
6.200
6.200
6.200
6.200
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
149.4
.056
.058
.061
.064
.068
.072
127.5
131.6
138.4
146.1
153.6
163.2
1918— Januar
107
CfOMMODITIES.
.428
.470
.471
IMPORTANT
214.6
165.1
132.7
OF
.359
.276
.222
PRICES
.391 | 184.4
.338
169,6
.285
134*6
AVERAGE
191 7
191 8
191 9
108
T able 9.—AVER AG E W H OLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1590 TO 1919-Continued.
Metals and metal products.
Nails: 8-penny, fence and common.
Year or month.
Lead pipe.
Rela Average
tive
price. price each.
Wire.
Cut.
Rela
tive
price per
price. 100 pounds.
Rela
Rela Average
price per
tive
tive
price. 100 pounds. price.
Pig iron.
Foundry,
No. 1,
average
price per
long ton.
Bessemer.
Basic,
average
price per
long ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Foundry, No. 2,
northern.
Average
price per
long ton.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
long ton.
Rela
tive
price.
129.2
103.5
99.3
94.9
86.2
$2,965
2.467
2.190
1.992
1.652
163.0
135.6
120.4
109.5
90.8
$18,408
17.521
15.749
14.517
12.664
107.9
102.7
92.3
85.1
74.2
$18,873
15.950
14.367
12.S69
11.378
110.2
93.1
83.9
75.1
66.4
$17.156
15.396
13.773
12.440
10.846
107.2
96.2
86.0
77.7
67.8
.087
.083
.075
.075
69.4
72.2
69.4
62.5
62.5
1.925
2.713
1.333
1.193
2.024
109.7
153.2
75.3
67.4
114.3
2.118
2.925
1.485
1.438
2.388
116.4
160.8
81.7
79.0
131.3
13.103
12.955
12.101
11.661
19.363
76.8
75.9
70.9
68.3
113.5
12.717
12.140
10.126
10.332
19.033
74.2
70.9
59.1
60.3
111.1
11.675
11.771
10.100
10.027
17.350
72.9
73.5
63.1
62.6
108.4
100.8
99.3
102.7
102.2
94.4
.079
.075
.085
.090
.103
65.7
62.5
70.8
75.0
85.4
2.250
2.113
2.133
2.196
1.819
127.1
119.3
120.5
124.0
102.7
2.633
2.365
2.104
2.075
1.906
144.8
130.0
115.7
114.1
104.8
19.980
15.868
22.193
19.916
15.573
117.1
93.0
130.0
116.7
91.2
19.493
15.935
20.674
18.976
13.756
113.8
93.0
120.7
110.8
80.3
18.506
14.719
21.240
19.142
13.625
115.6
91.9
132.7
119.6
85.1
5.225
6.421
6.705
4.740
4.821
102.8
126.3
131.9
93.3
94.9
.150
.181
.200
.166
.159
124.7
150.7
166.7
138.3
132.7
1.825
1.931
2.163
1.950
1.869
103.1
109.1
122.1
110.1
105.5
1.896
1.958
2.117
2.100
1.917
104.2
107.7
116.4
115.5
105.4
17.885
20.983
23.895
17.700
17.806
104.8
122.9
140.0
103.7
104.3
16.359
19.544
22.842
17.070
17.408
95.5
114.1
133.3
99.6
101.6
16.410
19. 267
23.869
16.250
16.410
102.5
120.4
149.1
101.5
102.5
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
5.061
5.028
5.201
5.082
4.523
99.6
98.9
102.3
100.0
89.0
.165
.100
.120
.120
.120
137.5
83.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.844
1.708
1.706
1.771
1.721
104.1
96.5
96.4
100.0
97.2
1.888
1.804
1.740
1.819
1.679
103.8
99.2
95.6
100.0
92.3
17.362
15.713
16.558
17.068
$14.706
12.873
101.7
92.1
97.0
100.0
87.5
17.193
15.713
15.938
17.133
14.889
100.4
91.7
93.0
100.0
86.9
15.983
14.519
15.088
16.008
13.903
99.8
90.7
94.2
100.0
86.9
1915.
1916.
1917.
5.301
7.598
10.068
104.3
149.5
198.1
.128
.210
.321
108.9
175.0
267.3
1.721
2.625
4.130
97.2
148.2
233.2
1.746
2.596
3.633
96.0
142.7
199.8
13.741
19.760
38.904
93.4
134.4
264.5
15.783
23.888
43.608
92.1
139.4
254.5
14.873
21.065
41.392
92.9
131.6
258.6
106.3
110.2
102.0
98.4
87.2
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898..
4.200
4.100
4.317
4.600
5.350
82.6
80.7
84.9
90.5
105.3
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
5.121
5.048
5.217
5.196
4.795
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
$0,083
1890 TO 1919.
$2,288
1.833
1.758
1.681
1.527
$5,400
5.600
5.183
5.000
4.433
PRICES,
69.2
69.2
69.2
69.2
68.2
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
100 pounds.
Locks: common
mortise.
191 8
191 9
174.9
7.266 ' 143.0
8.887
.365
.373
304.2
310.4
4.364
4.863
32.509
27.697
221.1
188.3
36.663
31.132
214.0
181.7
34.460
30.314
215.3
189.4
172.2
3.100
3.100
3.300
3.300
3.600
3.600
170.4
170.4
181.4
181.4
197.9
197.9
30.000
30.000
32.250
38.750
41.600
49.750
204.0
204.0
219.3
263.5
282.9
331.5
35.950
35. 950
37.700
42.200
45.150
54.700
209.8
209.8
1220.0
246.3
263.5
319.3
31.950
33.950
37.700
40.450
43.350
51.200
199.6
212.1
235.5
252.7
270.8
319.8
225.4
225.4
225.4
225.4
197.9
197.9
52.500
51.200
42.750
33.000
33.000
33.000
357.0
348.2
290.7
224.4
224.4
224.4
57.450
54.750
48.025
37.250
37.250
37.250
335.3
319.6
280.3
217.4
217.4
217.4
55.450
53.750
47.700
33.950
33.950
33.950
346.4
335.8
298.0
212.1
212.1
212.1
224.4
224.4
224.4
217.6
217.6
217.6
37.250
37.250
37.250
36.150
36.150
36.338
217.4
217.4
217.4
211.0
211.0
212.1
33.950
33.950
33.950
33.950
33.950
34.175
212.1
212.1
212.1
212.1
212.1
213.5
217.6
36.600
36.600
36.600
36.600
36.600
36.600
213.6
213.6
213.6
213.6
213.6
213.6
34.400
34.400
34.400
35.400
35.400
35.400
214.9
214.9
214.9
221.1
221.1
221.1
8.330
8.820
9.800
10.290
10.290
12.000
163.9
173.6
192.8
202.5
202.5
236.1
.270
.270
.270
.300
.320
.320
225.0
225.0
225.0
250.0
266.7
266.7
3.050
3.600
3.800
3.850
3.850
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October--November..
December..
12.990
12.010
12.010
9.070
7.600
7.600
255.6
236.3
236.3
178.5
149.6
149.6
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
4.750
4.750
4.750
0)
0)
4.600
268.2
268.2
268.2
259.8
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
3.600
3.600
1918—Januar y
February...
March.........
April...........
May.,...........
June............
7.889
8.236
8.580
8.580
8.580
8.917
155.2
162.1
168.8
168.8
168.8
175.5
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
4.100
231.5
231.5
231.5
231.5
231.5
231.5
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
197.9
197.9
197.9
197.9
197.9
197.9
33.000
33.000
33.000
32.000
32.000
32.000
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
D ecember..
9.310
9.310
9.310
9.310
9.310
9.310
183.2
183.2
183.2
183.2
183.2
183.2
.380
.380
.380
.380
.380
.380
316.7
316.7
316.7
316.7
316.7
316.7
4.100
4.100
4.100
5.100
5.100
5.100
231.5
231.5
231.5
288.0
288.0
288.0
3.600
3. 600
3.600
3.600
3. 600
3.600
197.9
197.9
197.9
197.9
197.9
197.9
32 .000
32.000
32.000
33.000
33.000
217.6
217.6
224.4
224.4
224.4
1919—Januar y
February...
March.........
April..........
May............
June............
8.046
7.350
7.145
6.517
6.443
6.772
158.3
144.6
140.6
128.2
126.8
133.3
.380
.380
.350
.350
.350
.350
316.7
316.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
5.100
5.100
5.100
4.390
4.350
4.350
288.0
288.0
288.0
247.9
245.7
245. 7
3.600
3.600
3.538
3.350
3.350
3.350
197.9
197.9
194.5
184.2
184.2
184.2
30.000
30.000
28.938
25.750
25.750
25.750
204.0
204.0
196.8
175.1
175.1
175.1
33.600
33.600
32.538
29.350
29.350
29.350
196.1
196.1
189.9
171.3
171.3
171.3
32.400
32.400
29.838
28.150
28.150
28.150
202.4
202.4
186.4
175.8
175.8
175.8
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
6.973
7.110
7.230
7.587
7.840
8.182
137.2
139.9
142.3
149.3
154.3
161.0
.350
.350
.350
.380
.420
.460
291.7
291.7
291.7
316.7
350.0
383.3
4.350
4.941
5.145
5.145
5.220
5.295
245.7
279.0
290.5
290.5
294.8
299.0
3.350
3.350
3.350
3.413
3.600
4.300
184.2
184.2
184.2
187.6
197.9
236.4
25.750
25.750
25.750
25.750
28.313
34.600
175.1
175.1
29.350
29.350
29.350
29.350
31.263
37.000
171.3
171.3
171.3
171.3
182.5
216.0
28.150
28.150
28.150
28.650
32.900
38.300
175.8
175.8
175.8
179.0
205.5
239.3
33.000
175.1
175.1
192.5
235.3
1 No quotation.
109
4.100
203.3
214.6
217.4
217.4
231.5
COMMODITIES.
1917—Januar y
February...
March.........
April...........
May............
June............
IMPORTANT
187.9
OF
197.9 ...................
PRICES
3.600
3.518
AVERAGE
246.4
274.6
110
T able 9 .—AVER AGE W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919-Continued.
Metals and metal products.
Pig iron.
Year or month.
Pipe: cast-iron, 6-inch.
Planes: jack planes.
Saws.
Quicksilver.
Crosscut: Disston,
No. 2.
Foundry
No. 2,
southern,
average
price per
long ton.
Relar
tive
price.
Average
price per
short ton.
Relative
price.
Bailey
No. 5,
average
price
each.
No. 414,
average
price
each.
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. pound.
Hand: Disston.
Rela
tive
price. Average
price
each.
Rela
tive
price.
No. 7,
26-inch,
average
price per
dozen.
No. 8,
28-inch,
average
price per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
129.2
111.2
99.9
92.3
84.8
$1,604
1.604
1.604
1.604
1.604
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
$14.400
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
111.2
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
10.323
9.604
8.802
8.719
15.063
73.2
68.1
62.4
61.8
106.8
1.242
1.230
1.230
1.230
1.230
82.8
82.0
82.0
82.0
82.0
.513
.498
.516
.543
.600
90.8*
88.1
91.3
96.0
106.3
1.604
1.604
1.604
1.604
1.604
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
15.604
12.552
17.604
16.229
11.677
110.7
89.0
124.9
115.1
1.414
1.460
1.510
1.530
1.530
94.3
97.3
100.7
102.1
102.1
.677
.663
.646
.634
.590
119.8
117.3
114.3
112.2
104.4
1.604
1.604
1. 604
1.604
1.604
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
12.600
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
97.3
1905.
1906..
1907..
1908..
1909..
14.490
16.531
20.988
14.375
14.938
102.8
117.3
148.9
102.0
106.0
1.530
1.710
1.530
1.530
1.530
102.1
114.0
102.0
102.0
102.0
.545
.552
.543
.610
.632
96.4
97.6
96.1
108.0
111.8
1.604
1.604
1.604
1.604
1.604
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
90.0
12.600
12.950
12.950
12.950
12.950
97.3
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1910..
1911..
1912..
1913..
1914..
14.573
12.833
14.240
14.098
103.4
91.0
101.0
100.0
89.9
1.658
1.540
1.540
110.5
102.7
102.7
100.0
100.0
.649
.660
.589
114.9
116.7
104.3
100.0
117.8
1.604
1.782
1.782
90.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
12.950
12.950
12.950
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1895.
$14.903
13.390
$23.371
20.898
100.0
89.4
$1.540
1.500
1.500
.565
.666
1.782
1.782
12.950
$15,609
15.609
1919.
$0.730
.628
.564
.521
.479
102.9
TO
94.7
94.7
94.7
94.7
91.9
*14.500
12.517
11.792
10.635
PRICES, 1890
75.4
63.4
$1,420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.378
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
WHOLESALE
Gray forge,
southern,
coke,
average
price per
long ton.
100.0
120.0
152.1
186.7
229.0
1.183
1.825
1.622
1.802
1.212
209.4
323.0
287.1
318.8
214.4
1.782
2.011
2.785
3.375
3.600
100.0
112.8
156.3
189.4
202.0
15.609
17.503
22.008
25.958
27.637
100.0
112.1
141.0
166.3
177.1
1917—-January...
February- March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
36.100
27.525
31.900
37.400
41.900
45.150
175.1
184.7
214.1
251.0
281.2
303.0
41.500
41.500
43.500
51.750
55.500
60.775
177.6
177.6
186.1
221.4
237.5
260.0
2.100
2.100
2.300
2.300
2.300
2.300
140.0
140.0
153.3
153.3
153.3
153.3
1.050
1.250
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.500
185.8
221.2
309.7
309.7
309.7
265.5
2.280
2.520
2.520
2.520
2.760
2.760
127.9
141.4
141.4
141.4
154.9
154.9
19.800
19.800
19.800
19.800
20.800
20.800
126.8
126.8
126.8
126.8
133.3
133.3
July..........
August___
September.
O ctober...
November.
December.
49.900
49.900
49.900
35. 900
35.900
35.900
334.8
334.8
334.8
240.9
240.9
240.9
65.525
65.500
65.500
60.1Q0
56.500
56.500
280.4
280.3
280.3
257.2
241.8
241.8
2.300
2.300
2.300
2.300
2.300
2.480
153.3
153.3
153.3
153.3
153.3
165.3
1.750
1.750
1.750
1.740
-1.600
1.825
309.7
309.7
309.7
308.0
283.2
323.0
2.760
3.060
3.060
3.060
3.060
3.060
154.9
171.7
171.7
171.7
171.7
171.7
20.800
24.500
24.500
24.500
24.500
24.500
133.3
157.0
157.0
157.0
157.0
157.0
1918—January. . .
February..
March.......
April.........
May..........
June..........
35.900
35.900
35.900
35. 900
35.900
36.075
240.9
240.9
240.9
240.9
240.9
242.1
55.350
55.350
55.350
55.350
56.850
61.450
236.8
236.8
236.8
236.8
243.2
262.9
2.480
2.480
2.480
2.480
2.480
2. 850
165.3
165.3
165.3
165.3
165.3
190.0
1.825
1.788
1.710
1.760
1.610
1.560
323.0
316.4
302.7
311.5
285.0
276.1
3.060
3.060
3.060
3.060
3.060
3.600
171.7
171.7
171.7
171.7
171.7
202.0
24.500
24.500
24.500
24.500
24.500
27.000
157.0
157.0
157.0
157.0
157.0
173.0
July..........
A ugust___
September.
October...
November.
December.
36.600
36.600
36.600
37.600
37.600
37.600
245.6
245.6
245.6
252.3
252.3
252.3
61.750
61.750
61.750
67.700
67.700
67.700
264.2
264.2
264.2
289.7
289.7
289.7
2.850
2.850
2.850
3.270
3.270
3.270
190.0
190.0
190.0
218.0
218.0
218.0
1.950
1.950
1.950
1.950
1.950
1.625
345.1
345.1
345.1
345.1
345.1
287.6
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
173.0
173.0
173*0
173.0
173.0
173.0
1919—January...
February..
March.......
A pril.........
May..........
June.........
34,600
34.600
33.538
30.350
29. 850
28.388
232.2
232.2
225.0
203.7
200.3
190.5
65.700
62.700
62.700
57.700
56.450
52.025
281.1
268.3
268.3
246.9
241.5
222.6
3.270
3.270
3.270
3.270
3.270
3.270
218.0
218.0
218.0
218.0
218.0
218.0
1.450
1.247
.973
.963
1.109
1.247
256.6
220.7
172.3
170.5
196.3
220.7
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
173.0
173.0
173.0
173.0
173.0
173.0
July..........
August___
September.
October...
November.
December.
28.350
30.413
31.250
31.600
34.350
38. 800
190.2
204.1
209.7
212.0
230.5
260.4
50.920
52.813
54.300
56.300
58.300
61.500
217.9
226.0
232.3
240.9
249.5
263.1
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
240.0
240.0
240.0
240.0
240.0
240.0
1.347
1.395
1.367
1.200
1.067
1.250
238.4
246.8
241.9
212.4
188.8
221.2
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
202.0
27.000
27.000
27.000
28.645
30.000
30.000
173.0
173.0
173.0
183.5
192.2
192.2
I ll
COMMODITIES.
1.500
1.800
2.282
2.801
3.435
IMPORTANT
98.2
135.3
236.9
259.7
246.0
OF
22.943
31.618
55.369
60.687
57.501
PEICES
91.1
125.3
260*4
245.1
215.9
191 6
AVERAGE
191 7
191 8
1919....................
13.576
18.671
38.808
36.526
32.175
191 5
112
T able 9 .—AVER AGE W H OLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Metals and metal products.
Steel.
Shovels: Ames,
No. 2.
Silver: bar, fine.
Year or month.
Rela Average
tive
price per
ounce.
price.
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
$7.870
7.870
7.870
7.870
7.450
100.6
100.6
100.6
100.6
95.2
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
7.450
7.810
7.930
7.930
8.608
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. long ton.
Plates: tank.
One-fourth
Rela inch thick,
average
tive
price per
price.
pound.
Rails: Bessemer.
Rails: openhearth.
Rela Average Rela Average
tive
price per tive
price per
price. long ton. price. long ton.
Sheets: box an
nealed, No. 27.
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. pound.
Structural.
Rela
tive
price per
price.
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
172.0
161.7
143.0
127.7
104.6
$30,468
25.329
23.631
20.436
16.578
118.1
98.2
91.6
79.2
64.3
$31,779
29.917
30.000
28.125
24.000
113.5
106.8
107.1
100.4
85.7
$0,024
107.3
95.2
99.8
101.3
101.3
110.0
.591
.605
108.2
111.4
99.2
96.5
98.8
18.484
18.833
15.080
15.306
31.117
71.7
73.0
58.5
59.3
120.7
24.333
28.000
18. 750
17.625
28.125
86.9
100.0
67.0
62.9
100.4
.024
.022
.020
.019
.027
111.4
98.2
89.0
86.8
121.9
9.120
9.120
9.355
8.020
7.653
116.6
116.6
119.6
102.5
97.8
.621
.597
.528
.542
.578
101.4
97.5
86.2
88.5
94.4
25.063
24.131
30.599
27.912
22.179
97.2
93.6
118.7
108.2
86.0
32.288
27.333
28.000
28.000
28.000
115.3
97.6
100.0
100.0
100.0
.029
.032
.029
.026
.021
133.8
143.8
132.9
118.7
95.9
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
7.620
7.620
7.840
7.822
7.620
97.4
97.4
100.2
100.0
97.4
.610
.674
.660
.535
.522
99.6
110.0
107.7
87.4
85.2
24.028
27.448
29.253
26.313
24.616
93.2
106.4
113.4
102.0
95.5
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.022
.024
.025
.024
.022
101.4
108.2
114.2
109.6
101.8
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
7.738
7.450
7.451
7.825
7.850
98.9
95.2
95.2
100.0
100.3
.543
.540
.620
.612
.563
88.2
21.458
25.380
101.3
100.0
92.0
22.378
25.789
20.078
98.4
83.2
86.8
100.0
77.9
$0,015
.012
100.0
78.4
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
$30,000
30.000
100.0
100.0
.023
.020
.020
.022
.019
103.7
91.3
89.5
100.0
85.4
$0,016
.013
100.0
82.5
1915.
6.923
.511
83.4
22.441
87.0
.013
85.8
28.000
100.0
30.000
100.0
.019
85.8
.015
92.5
TO
1919.
88.6
PEICES, 1890
$1,053
.990
.876
.782
.640
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
dozen.
Billets: Besse
mer.
170.4
270.9
183.3
157.2
.032
.056
.032
.027
218.9
376.3
218.9
183.1
31.333
38.000
54.000
47.264
111.9
135.7
192.9
168.8
33.333
40.000
56.000
49.264
111.1
133.3
186.7
164.2
.030
.065
.049
.044
135.2
297.3
225.6
200.0
.028
.043
.032
.028
176.9
269.4
201.9
174.4
1917—January...
February.
March___
April........
M ay..........
June.........
9.450
9.450
9.450
9.450
10.610
11.700
120.8
120.8
120.8
120.8
135.6
149.5
.771
.791
.754
.754
.762
.790
125.9
129.2
123.1
123.1
124.5
129.0
63.000
65.000
66.250
73.750
86.000
98.750
244.3
252.0
256.9
286.0
333.5
382.9
.043
.044
.044
.053
.058
.070
290.5
295.9
295.9
354.7
388.5
473.0
38.000
38.000
38.000
38.000
38.000
38.000
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.7
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
133.3
133.3
133.3
133.3
133.3
133.3
.046
.046
.048
.056
.067
.072
209.1
209.1
220.0
254.8
305.9
328.8
.035
.036
.037
.040
.045
.056
215.6
222.5
233.1
249.4
283.8
351.9
July..........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
11.700
11.700
12.700
12- 700
12.700
12.720
149.5
149.5
162.3
162.3
162.3
162.6
.822
.879
1.077
.899
.883
.899
134.2
143.5
175.9
146.8
144.1
146.8
100.000
86.000
66.250
49.375
47.500
47.500
387.8
333.5
256.9
191.5
184.2
184.2
.090
.090
.080
.033
.033
.033
608.1
608.1
540.5
219.6
219.6
219.6
38.000
38.000
38 000
38.000
38.000
38.000
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.7
135.7
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
133.3
133.3
133.3
133.3
133.3
133.3
.087
.087
.087
.087
.050
.050
397.3
397.3
397.3
398.6
226.0
226.0
.062
.062
.047
.032
.032
.032
386.9
386.9
293.1
201.3
201.3
201.3
1918—January...
February..
March____
April........
M ay..........
June.........
12.720
12.720
12.944
13.710
13.710
13.710
162.6
162.6
165.4
175.2
175.2
175.2
.947
.901
.934
.990
1.005
1.003
154.6
147.0
152.4
161.6
164.1
163.7
47.500
47.500
47.500
47.500
47.500
47.500
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
.033
.033
.033
.033
.033
.033
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
44.800
55.000
55.000
55.000
55.000
55.000
160.0
196.4
196.4
196.4
196.4
196.4
46.800
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
153.3
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
.050
.050
.050
.050
.050
.050
226.0
226.0
226.0
226.0
226.0
226.0
.032
.032
.032
.032
.032
.032
201.3
201.3
201.3
201.3
201.3
201.9
July.........
August__
September
October...
November.
December.
13.710
13.710
13.710
13.710
13.710
13. 710
175.2
175.2
175.2
175.2
175.2
175.2
1.003
1.010
1.017
1.018
1.018
1.019
163.7
164.9
166.1
166.1
166.1
166.4
47.500
47.500
47.500
47.500
47.500
45.100
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
184.2
174.9
.033
.033
.033
.033
.033
.031
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
219.6
209.5
55.000
55.000
55.000
55.000
55.000
55.000
196.4
196.4
196.4
196.4
196.4
196.4
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
.050
.050
.050
.050
.050
.048
226.0
226.0
226.0
226.0
226.0
220.5
.033
.033
.033
.033
.033
.032
204.4
206.4
244.4
204.4
200.9
194.4
1919—Januar___ y
February..
March____
April........
M ay.........
June.........
13.347
13.260
13.260
13.260
13.260
13.260
170.6
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
1.018
1.018
1.017
1.018
1.087
1.121
166.3
166.1
166.1
166.1
177.5
183.1
43.500
43.500
42.250
38.500
38.500
38.500
168.7
168.7
163.8
149.3
149.3
149.3
.030
.030
.029
.027
.027
.027
202.7
202.7
196.6
179.1
179.1
179.1
55.000
55.000
52.500
45.000
45.000
45.000
196.4
196.4
187.5
160.7
160.7
160.7
57.000
57.000
54.500
47.000
47.000
47.000
190.0
190.0
181.7
156.7
156.7
156.7
.047
.047
.046
.044
.043
.043
212.3
212.3
208.2
199.5
196.3
196.3
.031
.031
.030
.027
.027
.027
191.9
191.9
186.3
170.0
170.0
170.0
July......... .
August___
September.
October__
November.
December..
13.260
13.260
13.260
13.260
13.260
13.260
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
1.080
1.131
1.164
1.214
1.312
1.336
176.4
184.6
190.0
198.2
214.2
218.2
38.500
38.500
38.500
38.500
41.375
46.400
149.3
149.3
149.3
149.3
160.4
179.9
.027
.027
.025
.026
.027
.027
179.1
179.1
170.9
176.4
179.1
179.1
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
160.7
160.7
160.7
160.7
160.7
160.7
47.000
47.000
47.000
47.000
47.000
47.000
156.7
156.7
156.7
156.7
156.7
156.7
.043
.043
.043
.043
.043
.043
196.3
196.3
196.3
196.3
196.3
196.3
.027
.027
.027
.027
.027
.027
170.0
170.0
170.0
170.0
170.0
170.0
1 4 6 7 2 6 ° — 2 0 — B u ll. 2 6 9 --------- 8 + 9
113
COMMODITIES.
43.946
69.856
47.274
40.539
IMPORTANT
109.6
137.2
161.4
183.9
OF
.671
.840
.989
1.126
PRICES
106.3'
144.1
172.3
169.6
6
7
8
9
AVEEAGE
8.314
11.276
13.481
13.267
191
191
191
191
9 .— A V E R A G E
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1 890 T O
114
T able
1 919— C o n t in u e d .
Metals and metal products.
Tin.
Wire: fence.
Trowels: brick, lOi-inch.
Year or month.
Plate: domestic.
Pig.
Barbed, galvanized.
Nos.O to 9,
F .o.b . Chi
Firm No.
No. Rela cago, aver Rela f. o. b. Pitts
Rela 1, average 2,Firm
burgh,
aver Rela
average
tive
age price
tive
tive
tive
price
price
age price
per
100
price.
price.
price.
price.
each.
per 100
pounds.
pounds.
80.0
80.0
82.2
81.1
78.4
$3.567
3.219
2.766
2.519
2.175
154.4
139.4
119.8
109.1
94.2
91.2
84.5
75.6
111.3
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
3.793
3.720
3.500
3.280
3.927
73.3
71.9
67.7
63.3
75.9
2.246
1.963
1.800
1.838
3.170
97.3
85.0
77.9
79.6
137.3
4.678
4.190
4.123
3.940
3.603
124.2
111.3
109.5
104.6
95.6
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
4.268
5.020
5.130
5.177
4.255
82.4
97.0
99.1
100.0
82.2
3.394
3.038
2.954
2.738
2.508
147.0
131.5
127.9
118.5
69.7
87.4
86.3
65.6
65.9
3.707
3.861
4.090
3.890
3.737
98.5
102.5
108.6
108.3
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
4.140
4.521
5.750
$4,370
4.370
4.600
80.0
87.3
111.1
111.1
116.9
2.383
2.428
2.634
2.622
2.359
103.2
105.2
114.1
113.5
102.2
.342
.427
.463
.449
.351
76.2
95.2
103.1
100.0
78.3
3.840
3.865
3.657
102.0
102.6
97.1
100.0
94.7
.340
.350
.350
.3 7 6
83.8
47.3
45.1
45.4
44.6
40.4
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
.141
.133
.136
.155
.272
31.3
29.6
30.3
34.6
60.6
$3. 435
3.182
2.850
4.191
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
.301
.262
.265
67.0
58.3
59.0
62.7
62.4
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
.313
.392
.388
.294
.296
1910...
1 911...
1 91 2...
1 91 3...
1 91 4...
19 1 5 .
$3.456
3.558
3 .2 4 2
91.1
TO 1919.
$4.140
4.140
4.255
4.198
4.057
$0.212
.203
.204
.200
.181
PRICES, 1890
$0,340
.340
.340
.340
.340
1892.
1893.
1894.
Plain, annealed.
WHOLESALE
Coke at Coke, f. o. b.
M.C.O., Johnson’s,
Average Rela New York, Pittsburgh, Rela average
tive
average
price per tive
price
pnce per
pnce per price.
price per
price
pound.
each.
dozen.
100 pounds. 100 pounds.
Vises: solid box, 50-pound.
$4.500
4.500
4.500
97.1
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
4.485
4.370
4.140
3.935
3.655
114.0
111.1
105.2
100.0
92.9
2.133
2.180
2.134
2.309
2.152
92.3
94.4
92.4
100.0
93.2
$1,513
1.373
100.0
90.8
4.500
100.0
3 .7 4 9
95.3
2 .5 3 5
1 0 9 .8
1 .4 6 9
9 7 .1
5.248
7.760
9.048
8.764
133.4
197.2
229.9
222.7
3.515
4.527
4.594
4.467
152.2
196.0
198.9
193.4
2.417
3.450
3.250
3.114
159.8
228.1
214.9
205.9
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May...........
June...........
.430
.490
.515
.543
.585
.630
95.8
109.2
114.7
120.9
130.3
140.4
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
4.500
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
6.900
6.900
6.900
6.900
6.900
6.900
175.3
175.3
175.3
175.3
175.3
175.3
4.039
4.039
4.239
4.239
4.239
4.239
174.9
174.9
183.6
183.6
183.6
183.6
2.950
2.950
3.150
3.150
3.450
3.450
195.0
195.0
208.3
208.3
228.1
228.1
July...........
August___
September
October. . .
November.
December.
.620
.639
.610
.605
.660
.800
138.1
142.3
135.9
134.8
147.1
178.2
5.250
5.250
5.250
5.250
5.250
5.250
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
8.620
8.620
8.620
8.620
8.620
8.620
219.1
219.1
219.1
219.1
219.1
219.1
5.039
5.039
5.039
5.039
4.565
4.565
218.2
218.2
218.2
218.2
197.7
197.7
3.950
3.950
3.950
3.950
3.250
3.250
261.2
261.2
261.2
261.2
214.9
214.9
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April.........
May...........
June..........
.842
.850
.850
.880
1.008
.905
187.6
189.4
189.4
196.1
224.5
201.7
5.250
5.250
5.250
5.250
5.250
6.250
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
116.7
138.9
8.630
8.630
8.630
8.630
8.850
8.850
219.3
219.3
219.3
219.3
224.9
224.9
4.565
4.565
4.565
4.565
4.565
4.579
197.7
197.7
197.7
197.7
197.7
198.3
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
214.9
214.9
214.9
214.9
214.9
214.9
July...........
August___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
.932
.920
.809
.796
.740
.715
207.7
205.0
177.4
164.9
159.3
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
8.850
9.500
9.500
9.500
9.500
9.500
224.9
241.4
241.4
241.4
241.4
241.4
4.620
4.620
4.620
4.620
4.620
4.620
200.1
200.1
200.1
200.1
200.1
200.1
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
214.9
214.9
214.9
214.9
214.9
214.9
1919—January...
February..
March........
April.........
May...........
June...........
.715
.724
.725
.725
.725
.719
159.3
161.3
161.5
161.5
161.5
160.2
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
9.500
9.000
9.000
8.630
8.630
8.630
241.4
228.7
228.7
219.3
219.3
219.3
4.620
4.620
4.558
4.370
4.370
4.370
200.1
200.1
197.4
189.2
189.2
189.2
3.250
3.250
3.188
3.050
3.000
3.000
214.9
214.9
210.7
201.7
198.3
198.3
July...........
August___
September.
October. . .
November.
December.
.702
.633
.558
.560
.544
.553
156.4
140.9
124.3
124.8
121.3
123.1
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
6.250
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
8.630
8.630
8.630
8.630
8.630
8.630
219.3
219.3
219.3
219.3
219.3
219.3
4.370
4.370
4.370
4.408
4.520
4.680
189.2
189.2
189.2
190.9
195.7
202.7
3.000
3.000
3.000
3.213
3.288
3.180
198.3
198.3
198.3
212.4
217.4
210.2
quotation.
115
180.2
COMMODITIES.
100.0
IMPORTANT
108.3
124.1
138.9
OP
4.500
4.875
5.583
6.250
PRICES
96.4
132.3
189.9
146.0
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
.433
.594
.852
.655
191
191
191
191
ER A G E
W H O LESALE
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1 89 0 T O
Brick: common.
Zinc.
Year or month.
Sheet.
Spelter (pig).
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
1890
1891
1892.
1893
1894.
$0.197
.200
.210
.210
.156
183.3
186.0
195.3
195.3
144.9
$6,054
5.719
5.490
4.994
3.950
83.6
78.9
75.8
68.9
54.5
$0,055
.051
.047
041
.036
18y5.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
.112
.103
.085
.092
.145
103.9
96.1
79.1
85.4
135.1
4.522
4.940
4.940
5.498
7.004
62.4
68.2
68.2
75.9
96.7
1900.
1901.
1903.
1904.
.182
.105
.095
.109
.095
169.3
97.2
88.6
101.7
87.9
6.095
5.558
5.731
6.018
5.609
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
.106
.106
.122
.100
.116
113.4
98.1
98.1
6.825
7.173
93.0
107.6
1910.
1911.
1913.
1914.
.149
.100
.120
.108
.078
1915.
1916.
.168
1912.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
M.
Rela
tive
price.
1,
average
price per
barrel.
Series-2,
average
price per
barrel.
Average
price per
M.
Rela
tive
price.
95.0
87.1
79.8
70.3
60.9
$6,563
5.708
5.771
5.833
5.000
100.0
87.0
87.9
88.9
76.2
.036
.040
.042
.045
.059
62.1
68.8
72.2
77.7
100.9
5.313
5.063
4.938
5.750
5.688
81.0
77.1
75.2
87.6
86.7
$1,969
2.000
1.967
1.998
2.048
124.6
126.6
124.5
126.4
129.6
84.1
76.7
79.1
83.1
77.4
.044
.041
.049
.056
.052
75.8
69.5
83.5
95.7
88.3
5.250
5.766
5.385
5.906
7.495
80.0
87.9
82.1
90.0
114.2
2.158
1.890
1.950
2.029
1.460
136.6
119.6
123.4
128.4
92.4
6.440
6.643
94.2
99.0
103.3
88.9
91.7
.059
.062
.062
.048
.055
101.5
106.3
105.8
81.5
94.5
8.104
8.547
6.156
5.104
6.385
123.5
130.2
93.8
77.8
97.3
1.427
1.575
1.646
1.460
1.412
99.7
104.2
92.4
89.3
138.4
93.0
111.6
100.0
72.8
7.019
7.048
7.924
7.245
6.919
96.9
97.3
109.4
100.0
95.5
.056
.058
.071
.058
.053
96.6
100.2
121.1
100.0
90.4
$4,938
4.872
100.0
98.7
$7.000
6.750
5.719
5.891
6.760
6.563
5.531
87.1
89.8
103.0
100.0
84.3
1.448
1.461
1.315
1.580
1.580
156.6
16.158
18.783
223.0
259.3
.144
.140
246.7
240.6
4.780
4.783
96.8
96.9
6.250
6.760
6.052
8.035
92.2
122.4
1.453
7.486
Average
price per
M.
Portland: domestic.
100.0
96.4
Rela
tive
price.
90.3
91.7
92.5
83.2
100.0
100.0
$ 1 ,4 3 4
1 .6 8 9
9 1 .9
1 0 8 .3
1919.
Rela
tive
price.
Red: domestic,
New York.
TO
Average
price per
100
pounds.
Red: Cincinnati.
PRICES, 1890
Rela
tive
price.
Salmon: run of
kiln, Chicago.
Cement.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
gross.
1902.
1 9 1 9 -C o n t in u e d .
Lumber and building materials.
Metals and metal products.
Wood screws:
1-inch, No. 10, flathead.
116
Table 9 .— A V
.093
.083
.074
158.7
141.9
126.9
4.947
7.449
8.947
100.2
150.9
181.2
8.438
12.938
13.583
120.5
184.8
194.0
8.885
11.927
15.958
135.4
181.7
243.2
1917—Januar y
February.......
March............
April..............
May................
June...............
.210
.210
.210
.240
.240
.240
195.3
195.3
195.3
223.3
223.3
223.3
19.320
19.320
19.320
19.320
17.480
17.480
266.7
266.7
266.7
266.7
241.3
241.3
.098
.099
.109
.108
.095
.096
167.2
169.5
186.6
184.4
162.9
165.2
4.918
4.789
4.959
5.000
4.947
4.802
99.6
97.0
100.4
101.3
100.2
97.2
7.750
7.750
7.750
8.250
8.250
8.500
110.7
110.7
110.7
117.9
117.9
121.4
9.125
9.625
9.625
10.000
10.000
9.750
139.0
146.7
146.7
152.4
152.4
148.6
July................
August...........
September....
October.........
November___
December___
.260
.260
.260
260
.260
.220
241.9
241.9
241.9
241.9
241.9
204.7
17.480
17.480
17.480
17.480
17.480
17.480
241.3
241.3
241.3
241.3
241.3
241.3
.093
.088
.083
.084
.080
.080
158.7
150.1
141.5
143 7
137.2
137.2
4.726
4.870
5.115
5.036
5.088
5.117
95.7
98.6
103.6
102.0
103.0
103.6
8.500
8.500
8.500
9.000
9.000
9.500
121.4
121.4
121.4
128.6
128.6
135.7
8.875
9.000
7.750
8.125
7.750
8.000
1918—Januar y
February.......
March............
April..............
May................
June...............
.216
.216
.216
.216
.216
.216
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
17.480
15.377
13.800
13.800
13.800
13.800
241.3
212.3
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
.079
.080
.077
.070
.074
.078
135.5
137.2
131.9
120.4
126.6
134.0
6.210
6.640
6.800
6.700
7.200
7.980
125.8
134.5
137.7
135.7
145.8
161.6
11.750
11.750
11.750
11.750
12.750
12.750
167.9
167.9
167.9
167.9
182.1
182.1
July................
A ugust...........
September__
October.........
November___
December___
.216
.216
.216
.216
.216
.216
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
13.800
13.800
13.800
13.800
13.800
13.800
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
.087
.090
.096
.091
.087
.084
148.9
154.0
164.5
155.9
149.4
144.4
7.730
8.100
8.310
7.920
7.940
7.860
156.5
164.0
168.3
160.4
160.8
159.2
12.750
14.000
14.000
14.000
14.000
14.000
1919—Januar y
February.......
March............
April..............
May................
June...............
.259
.243
.216
.195
.173
.164
241.1
226.0
200.9
181.5
160.7
152.7
11.960
10.383
9.497
9.200
9.200
9.200
165.1
143.3
131.1
127.0
127.0
127.0
.074
.067
.065
.065
.065
.068
127.1
115.1
112.0
111.5
111.0
117.3
7.270
7.630
8.550
8.560
9.640
9.040
147.2
154.5
173.1
173.3
195.2
183.1
July................
A ugust...........
September___
October.........
November___
December---
.194
.194
.194
.194
.216
.216
180.8
180.8
180.8
180.8
200.9
200.9
9.288
9.660
. 9.660
9.660
9.967
10.372
128.2
133.3
133.3
133.3
137.6
143.2
.079
.079
.076
.079
.081
.087
135.3
134.6
129.8
135.8
139.5
149.9
9.370
9.510
9.090
9.540
9.640
9.520
189.8
192.6
184.1
193.2
195.2
192.8
2.094
2.647
3.165
134.2
169.6
202.8
1.920
2.020
2.150
2.150
2.150
123.1
129.4
129.4
137.8
137.8
137.8
135.2
137.1
118.1
123.8
118.1
122.0
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
135.8
135.8
135.8
135.8
135.8
135.8
8.667
10.375
10.125
9.875
10.125
10.875
132.1
158.1
154.3
150.5
154.3
165.7
2.142
2.150
2.150
2.350
2.566
2.593
137.3
137.8
137.8
150.6
164.4
166.2
182.1
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
12.750
14.333
13.750
13.500
13.750
15.000
194.3
218.4
209.5
205.7
209.5
228.6
2.600
2.600
2.900
3.200
3.200
3.200
166.6
166.6
185.8
205.0
205.0
205.0
14.000
14.000
14.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
200.0
200.0
200.0
185.7
185.7
185.7
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
15.000
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
2.670
2.935
3.200
3.238
3.250
3.250
171.1
188.0
205.0
207.4
208.2
208.2
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
15.000
15.000
185.7
185.7
185.7
185.7
214.3
214.3
15.000
15.000
15.500
17.000
19.000
20.000
228.6
228.6
236.2
259.0
289.5
304.8
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
208.2
208.2
208.2
208.2
208.2
208.2
2.020
COMMODITIES.
249.7
196.5
135.8
IMPORTANT
18.093
14.238
9.837
OF
222.5
200.9
190.7
PRICES
.239
.216
.205
AVERAGE
191 7
191 8
191 9
118
T able 9 .—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Lumber and building materials.
Glass: plate.
Doors: white pine, 2 feet 8 inches by 6 feet 8 inches.
Year or month.
Western, I f
inches thick,
5-panel, N o.l,
O. G .(B u f
falo market),
average price
per door.
Western, 1 |
inches thick,
5-panel,No.l,
O. G. (Chi
cago market),
average price
per door.
Western, If
inches thick,
4-panel,No.2,
O. G. (Chi
cago1market),
average price
per door.
Polished, area 3 to 5 square feet.
Relative
price.
Unsilvered,
Glazing,
average price average price
per square
per square
foot.
foot.
Relative
price.
Polished, area 5 to 10 square feet.
Unsilvered,
Glazing,
average price average price
per square
per square
foot.
foot.
Relative
price.
183.6
180.1
145.4
145.4
114.3
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
.913
.838
.813
.925
1.292
57.4
52.7
51.1
58.2
81.2
300
340
200
270
300
103.9
117.8
69.3
93.5
103.9
123.3
138.7
82.2
110.5
123.3
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
1.590
1.891
2.121
1.729
1.690
100.0
119.0
133.4
108.7
106.3
340
320
258
363
228
117.8
110.8
89.2
125.5
78.8
138.7
125.9
105.7
110.8
112.3
105.6
115.2
110.9
112.9
241
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
1917.
SI. 740
1.837
1.727
1.884
$1,811
1.744
1.775
1.673
1.603
1.513
106.4
$1,338
1.390
1.373
1.343
1.373
1.543
102.0
96.2
100.0
98.7
96.6
98.7
111.0
179.8
177.2
141.3
141.3
115.6
$0
$0.198
.227
.230
.173
.202
83.4
95.8
97.2
73.2
85.2
$0,305
.330
.340
.275
.282
95.8
103.7
106.8
86.4
88.5
.249
.225
.217
.348
.316
.297
.211
105.3
95.1
91.6
100.0
89.1
109.2
99.2
93.2
100.0
91.4
.187
.292
.340
78.9
123.2
143.6
.253
.338
.237
.313
.291
79.6
106.0
123.3
1919.
$0,530
.520
420
420
330
TO
86.5
78.7
78.7
77.1
66.0
1890
$1,375
1.250
1.250
1.225
1.050
PRICES,
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
WHOLESALE
Unmolded,
1£ inches
thick (B u f
falo market),
average price
per door.
.453
.583
142.2
183.0
1917—Januar y
February...
March.......
April..........
May............
June...........
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.420
1.540
102.2
102.2
102.2
102.2
102.2
110.8
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
.380
.380
.380
.380
.380
.380
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
119.4
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
1.630
1.630
1.630
1.660
1.660
1.6
117.3
117.3
117.3
119.4
119.4
119.4
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
.400
.400
.400
.410
.410
.410
125.7
125.7
125.7
128.8
128.8
128.8
1918—Januar y
February...
March.........
April..........
May............
June............
1.794
1.901
1.940
1.940
1.940
2.000
129.1
136.7
139.6
139.6
139.6
143.9
.340
.340
.340
.340
.340
.360
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
152.1
.420
.420
.420
.420
.430
.440
132.0
132.0
132.0
132.0
135.1
138.2
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
2.000
2.000
2.032
2.120
2.120
2.120
143.9
143.9
146.2
152.5
152.5
152.5
.370
.370
.370
.380
.380
.400
156.3
156.3
156.3
160.5
160.5
169.0
.460
.460
.480
.490
.490
.500
144.5
144.5
150.8
153.9
153.9
157.4
1919— January___
February...
March.........
April..........
May............
June...........
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.120
2.610
152.5
152.5
152.5
152.5
152.5
187.8
.410
.410
.410
.420
.440
.460
173.2
173.2
173.2
177.4
185.9
194.3
.520
.520
.530
.540
.580
.580
163.4
163.4
166.5
169.7
182.2
182.2
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
D ecem ber..
2.760
2.900
3.110
3.110
3.770
3.770
198.6
208.6
223.7
223.7
271.2
271.2
.460
.480
.480
.500
.520
.560
194.3
202.8
202.8
211.2
219.7
236.6
.580
.600
.600
.620
.640
.680
182.2
188.5
188.5
194.8
201.1
213.6
119
COMMODITIES.
152.4
195.4
IMPORTANT
.361
.463
OF
143.3
195.6
PRICES
1.992
2.719
AVERAGE
191 8
191 9
120
T able 9.—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Lumber and building materials.
Lumber.
Glass: window.
Year or month.
American, single, 25-inch, 6 by
8 to 10 by 15 inches.
A,
average
price per
50 sq. ft.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price
per
50 sq. ft.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price
per M.
Rela
tive
price.
Lime: common.
Rockport,
average
price
per
barrel.
East
ern,
average
price
per
barrel.
Douglas fir: No. 1,
common.
Rela
tive
price.
$1,786
1.770
1.595
1.710
1.633
80.4
79.7
71.8
77.0
73.5
SO.979
.913
.929
.929
90.8
84.6
86.2
86.2
78.6
1895.
1896.
1897.
1.599
1.802
2.199
2.643
58.8
66.3
80.8
97.2
99.6
1.392
1.600
1.963
2.343
2.399
62.7
72.0
88.4
105.5
108.0
.781
.694
.719
.742
.798
72.5
64.3
66.7
68.8
74.0
1900..
1901..
1902..
1903..
1904..
2.699
4.128
3.219
2.640
2.887
99.2
151.8
118.3
97.1
106.1
2.319
3.282
2.565
2.160
2.328
104.4
147.8
115.5
97.3
104.8
.683
.774
.806
.788
.825
63.4
71.8
74.7
73.0
76.5
1905..
1906..
1907..
1908..
1909..
2.764
2.920
2.813
2.360
2.320
101.6
107.3
103.4
86.8
85.3
2.137
2.256
2.242
1.881
1.849
96.2
101.6
101.0
84.7
83.3
.891
.947
.949
1.045
1.045
82.6
87.8
88.0
96.9
1910..
1911..
1912..
1913.
1914..
2.930
2.253
2.240
2.720
107.7
82.8
82.4
100.0
100.0
2.338
1.796
1.785
2.221
2.168
105.3
80.9
80.4
100 0
97.6
1.045
1.108
1.085
1. 078
1.023
102.8
100.6
100.0
94.8
$2,274
2.274
$4,284
3.904
100.0
91.1
Rela
tive
price.
TO 1919.
81.9
81.3
73.3
78.6
73.2
Average
price
per
M feet.
1880
$2.228
2.213
1.994
2.138
1.992
Rela
tive
price.
PRICES,
1890..
1891..
1892..
1893..
1894..
Average
price
per
M feet.
Douglas fir: No. 2,
and better, drop
siding.
WHOLESALE
AA,
average
price per
50 sq. ft.
American, single,
B, 25-inch, 6 by 8
to 10 by 15 inches.
L a th : e a s t e r n
spruce, 1^-inch
slab.
$9.208
7.917
100.0
86.0
$17,333
14.292
100.0
82.5
191
191
191
191
5
6
89.6
98.5
115.3
116.7
150.5
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April........
M ay..........
June.........
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
3.600
4.200
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
184.7
2.850
2.850
2.850
2.850
2.850
3.420
128.3
128.3
128.3
128.3
128.3
154.0
4.375
4.375
4.375
4.875
5.875
5.875
4.200
4.200
4.200
4.200
5.238
5.238
184.7
184.7
184.7
184.7
230.4
230.4
3.420
3.420
3.420
3.420
4.275
4.275
154.0
154.0
154.0
154.0
192.5
192.5
June.........
5.238
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
230.4
263.9
263.9
263.9
263.9
263.9
4.275
4.626
4.976
4.976
4.976
5.700
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
N ovem ber..
December..
6.000
6.900
6.900
6.900
6.900
6.900
263.9
303.5
303.5
303.5
303.5
303.5
7.590
7.590
7.590
6.6006.600
6.600
6.600
6.996
7.590
7.590
7.590
7.590
8
July...........
August.......
September.
October___
N ovem ber.,
December..
1918—January. .
February.
M a rch ....
A pril........
May........
1919—January...
February.
March.......
A pril........
May.,
June.
Ju ly...........
A ugust___
September.
October___
November.
December..
108.2
122.6
153.6
201.6
233.3
7.875
10.375
15.875
18.250
25.417
85.5
112.7
172.4
198.2
276.0
14.292
18.583
23.917
28.000
39.667
82.5
107.2
138.0
161.5
228.8
102.1
102.1
102.1
113.8
137.1
137.1
1.525
1.625
1.625
1.650
1.650
1.650
133.1
141.7
141.7
144.0
144.0
144.0
11.500
12.000
12.000
13.000
16.500
18.500
124.9
130.3
130.3
141.2
179.2
200.9
19.000
20.000
20.000
21.000
24.000
26.000
109.6
115.4
115.4
121.2
138.5
150.0
5.625
5.375
4.625
4.625
4.625
4.625
131.3
125.8
108.0
108.0
108.0
108.0
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
1.900
165.9
165.9
165.9
165.9
165.9
165.9
18.500
18.500
18.500
16.500
16.500
18.500
200.9
200.9
200.9
179.2
179.2
200.9
26.000
26.000
26.000
26.000
26.000
27.000
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
155.8
192.5
208.3
224.1
224.1
224.1
256.7
4.625
4.625
4.875
5.125
5.125
5.125
108.0
108.0
113.8
119.6
119.6
119.6
1.900
1.900
2.083
2.150
2.150
2.150
165.9
165.9
182.2
187.6
187.6
187.6
18.500
18.500
18.500
18.500
18.500
18.500
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
200.9
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
155.8
155.8
155.8
155.8
155.8
155.8
5.700
6.555
6.555
6.555
6.555
6.555
256.7
295.2
295.2
295.2
295.2
295.2
5.125
5.125
5.125
5.125
5.125
4.875
119.6
119.6
119.6
119.6
119.6
113.8
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.500
2.700
201.7
201.7
201.7
201.7
201.7
235.7
19.500
19.500
19.500
16.500
16.500
16.500
211.8
211.8
211.8
179.2
179.2
179.2
31.000
31.000
31.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
178.8
178.8
178.8
155.8
155.8
155.8
333.8
333.8
333.8
290.3
290.3
290.3
7.130
7.130
7.130
6.200
6.200
6.200
321.1
321.1
321.1
279.2
279.2
279.2
4.875
4.875
4.875
4.875
4.875
5.125
113.8
113.8
113.8
113.8
113.8
119.6
2.500
2.600
2.700
2.700
2.700
2.700
218.2
226.9
235.7
235.7
235.7
235.7
17.500
17.500
17.500
17.500
18.500
25.500
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
200.9
276.9
27.000
27.000
27.000
27.000
28.000
37.000
155.8
155.8
155.8
155.8
161.5
213.5
290.3
307.7
333.8
333.8
333.8
333.8
6.200
6.572
7.130
7.130
7.130
7.130
279.2
295.9
321.1
321.1
321.1
321.1
5.750
5.750
7.875
8.375
9.250
10.875
134.2
134.2
183.8
195.5
215.9
253.8
2.700
2.700
2.700
2.700
2. 700
2.700
235.7
235.7
235.7
235.7
235.7
235.7
28.500
31.500
32.500
32.500
32.500
33.500
309.5
342.1
352.9
352.9
352.9
363.8
.40.000
51.000 '
51.000
52.000
53.000
56.000
230.8
294.2
294.2
300.0
305.8
323.1
121
$1.240
1.405
1.760
2.309
2.673
1.167
COMMODITIES.
3.839
4.221
4.938
5.000
6.448
IMPORTANT
109.1
112.3
149.7
256.2
305.0
OF
2.423
2.494
3.325
5.689
6.772
PRICES
112.1
138.5
181.3
278.0
317.1
AVERAGE
191 9
2.550
3.150
4.123
6.322
7.209
7
122
Table 9.—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Lumber and building materials.
Lumber.
Year or month.
Hemlock.
quar
Oak: white, plain. Oak: white,
tered.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
M feet.
Rela Average
price per
tive
M feet.
price.
Rela
tive price per
price. Mfeet.
Pine: white, boards, No. 2
bam.
Buffalo New York
Rela market,
market,
average
tive
average
price. price per price per
M feet.
M feet.
Pine: white, boards, uppers.
Buffalo New York
Rela market,
market,
tive
average
price. price per price per
M feet.
M feet.
Rela
tive
price per
price.
Mfeet.
$26,500
26.500
26.500
26.500
26.500
$37.875
38.000
38.458
38.750
37.250
62.5
62.7
63.5
64.0
61.5
$51,458
53.583
53.000
53.000
51.125
58.3
60.7
60.0
60.0
57.9
$16,792
17.000
17.146
18.625
18.167
50.9
51.5
52.0
56.5
55.1
$44,083
45.000
46.142
48.500
46.417
44.4
45.3
46.4
48.8
46.7
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
11.146
11.167
11.000
11. 750
13.521
46.0
46.1
45.4
48.5
55.8
26.500
26.500
26.500
26.500
26.542
69.2
36.250
36.250
36.250
36.250
38.958
59.8
59.8
59.8
69.8
64.3
53.250
54.500
53.833
52.500
60.521
60.3
61.7
61.0
59.4
68.5
17.250
16.500
15.833
15.500
18.292
52.3
50.1
48.0
47.0
55.5
46.000
46.625
46.333
46.083
50.458
46.3
46.9
46.7
46.4
50.8
1900
1901
1902
1903.
1904
16.500
15.000
15. 833
16. 792
17.000
68.1
61.9
65.4
69.3
70.2
27.500
26. 708
28.583
31.667
31.000
71.7
69.6
74.5
82.5
80.8
40.833
36.771
40.875
44.833
46.500
67.4
60.7
67.5
74.0
76.7
64.458
59.167
63.083
74.792
80.750
73.0
67.0
71.4
84.7
91.4
21.500
20.875
23.500
24.000
23.000
65.2
63.3
71.3
72.8
69.7
57.500
60.417
74. 833
80. 000
81.000
57.8
60.8
75.3
80.5
81.5
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
17. 875
21. 896
22. 250
20. 875
20.583
73.8
90.4
91.8
86.2
85.0
30.500
31.000
32.250
31.625
31.000
79.5
80.8
84.1
82.4
47.333
50.417
55.208
49.292
48.417
78.1
83.2
91.1
81.4
79.9
80.250
79.167
80.000
80.167
84.333
90.9
89.6
90.6
90.8
95.5
24.167
29.750
73.2
90.2
101.5
98.7
100.7
82.000
84.750
1910.
1911.
1912.
20.625
20. 682
21.455
31.800
34.318
36.455
54.250
54.682
56.227
88.333
99.4
98.7
97.9
100.0
100.0
38.250
38.346
37.227
60.042
89.5
90.2
92.8
100.0
99.1
87.750
87.182
86.500
38.500
82.9
89.5
95.0
100.0
100.4
38.500
100.4
57.682
95.2
86.500
97.9
1913
24.227
1914.
24.396
85.1
85.4
88.6
100.0
100.7
1915.
21.591
89.1
36.364
60.591
88.318
$88,250
97.083
96.083
93.042
82.6
85.3
93.8
92.8
98.800
100.500
101.046
37.500
103.8
104.0
101.0
100.0
101.7
103.500
95.5
97.1
97.6
100.0
100.0
37.500
101.7
103.500
100.0
36.864
103.500
1919.
51.9
51.4
50.7
49.5
48.3
TO
$12.583
12.458
12. 292
12.000
11.708
Rela
tive
price.
PRICES, 1890
1892.
1893.
1894.
$33.250
37.417
36.375
37.104
Pine: yellow,
flooring.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
M feet.
Maple: hard.
$43,917
45.833
98.5
102.8
46.300
46.546
44.546
103.8
104.4
99.9
39.591
44.591
42.750
100.0
95.9
88,8
191
191
191
191
6
7
8
9
101.2
109.4
124.8
168.5
86.500
90.000
104.271
156.875
97.9
101.9
118.1
177.6
37.500
49.125
60.417
63.792
101.7
133.3
163.9
173.0
103.500
112.500
130.792
140.583
100.0
108.7
126.4
135.8
39.375
50.909
60.750
78.833
88.3
114.2
136.2
176.8
24.500
25.500
25.500
25.500
26.000
26.000
101.1
105.3
105.3
105.3
107.3
107.3
43.500
43.500
43.500
45.500
45.500
47.500
113.4
113.4
113.4
118.6
118.6
123.8
61.500
61.500
61.500
61.500
61.500
66.500
101.5
101.5
101.5
101.5
101.5
109.8
86.500
86.500
86.500
86.500
86.500
92.500
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
97.9
104.7
37.500
41.500
45.500
45.500
46.500
49.500
101.7
112.6
123.4
123.4
126.1
134.3
104.000
104.000
109.000
109.000
109.000
109.000
100.5
100.5
105.3
105.3
105.3
105.3
41.500
41.500
42.000
43.000
0)
50.000
93.1
93.1
94.2
96.4
112.1
July........
August___
September
October...
November.
December.
28.000
29.500
30.500
30.500
30.500
30.500
115.6
121.8
125.9
125.9
125.9
125.9
47.500
47.500
52.500
60.000
60.000
60.000
123.8
123.8
136.8
156.4
156.4
156.4
69.000
70.500
70.500
70.500
70.500
70.500
113.9
116.4
116.4
116.4
116.4
116.4
92.500
92.500
92.500
92.500
92.500
92.500
104.7
104.7
104.7
104.7
104.7
104.7
49.500
52.000
55.500
55.500
55.500
55.500
134.3
141.1
150.6
150.6
150.6
150.6
109.000
119.000
119.500
119.500
119.500
119.500
105.3
115.0
115.5
115.5
115.5
115.5
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
57.000
127.8
127.8
127.8
127.8
127.8
127.8
1018—January...,
February..
March____
April.......
May........ .
June....... .
30.500
30.500
30.500
33.500
33.500
34.500
125.9
125.9
125.9
138.3
138.3
142.4
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
156.4
156.4
156.4
156.4
156.4
156.4
70.500
70.500
74.000
75.500
75.500
75.500
116.4
116.4
122.1
124.6
124.6
124.6
92.500
92.500
97.500
101.250
101.250
101.250
104.7
104.7
110.4
114.6
114.6
114.6
55.500
57.500
57.500
58.500
60.500
60.500
150.6
156.0
156.0
158.7
164.1
164.1
119.500
125.000
125.000
130.000
130.000
130.000
115.5
120.8
120.8
125.6
125.6
125.6
57.000
57.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
127.8
127.8
134.6
134.6
134.6
134.6
July........
August___
September,
October___
November.
December..
34.500
0)
0)
(0
0)
0)
142.4
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
60.000
61.500
156.4
156.4
156.4
156.4
156.4
160.3
75.500
75.500
75.500
75.500
80.000
84.000
124.6
124.6
124.6
124.6
132.0
138.6
101.250
101.250
101.250
101. 250
130.000
130.000
114.6
114.6
114.6
114.6
147.2
147.2
62.500
62.500
62.500
62.500
62.500
62.500
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
135.000
135.000
135.000
135.000
135.000
135.000
130.4
130.4
130.4
130.4
130.4
130.4
60.000
63.000
63.000
63.000
63.000
63.000
134.6
141.3
141.3
141.3
141.3
141.3
1010—January___
February..
March......
April........
M ay.........
June.........
36.000
36.000
36.000
36.000
36.000
36.000
148.6
148.6
148.6
148.6
148.6
148.6
64.000
64.000
64.000
64.000
64.000
62.500
166.8
166.8
166.8
166.8
166.8
162.9
78.000
81.000
8L000
81.000
81.000
89.000
128.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
133.7
146.9
117.500
120.000
120.000
105.000
105.000
122.500
133.0
135.9
135.9
118.9
118.9
138.7
62.500
61.500
61.500
61.500
61.500
61.500
169.5
166.8
166.8
166.8
166.8
166.8
135.000
135.500
135.500
135.500
135.500
135.500
130.4
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
130.9
63.000
64.000
64.000
64.000
65.000
68.000
141.3
143.5
143.5
143.5
145.8
152.5
July.........
August___
September.
October___
November.
December..
41.000
41.000
43.000
44.000
44.000
48.000
169.2
169.2
177.5
181.6
181.6
198.1
62.500
62.500
78.000
78.000
78.000
82.500
162.9
162.9
203.3
203.3
203.3
215.0
160.9
97.500
105.000 • 173.3
130.000
214.6
130.000
214.6
214.6
130.000
234.4
142.000
140.000
187.500
210.000
210.000
210.000
235.000
158.5
212.3
237.8
237.8
237.8
266.1
61.500
62.500
65.500
66.000
68.000
72.000
166.8
169.5
177.7
179.0
184.5
195.3
135.500
140.500
145.500
146.000
151.000
156.000
130.9
135.7
140.6
141.1
145.9
150.7
73.000
78.000
95.000
100.000
100.000
112.000
163.7
174.9
213.0
224.3
224.3
251.2
1017—January..
February
March. . .
i No quotation.
123
COMMODITIES.
61.333
66.292
75.625
102.125
IMPORTANT
105.8
129.6
156.7
179.0
OF
40.583
49.708
60.125
68.667
PRICES
97.2
114.4
140.0
164.1
AVERAGE
23.542
27.708
33.929
39.750
124
T able 9.—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Lumber and building materials.
Lumber.
Year or month.
Poplar.
Lead, carbonate of
(white lead):
American, in oil.
Spruce.
Linseed oil, raw.
Turpentine,
spirits of.
Zinc, oxide of
(zinc white).
New York Norfolk,
market,
Va., mar Rela
average ket, average tive
price per
price per
price.
M feet.
M feet.
Average
price per
M feet.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
M feet.
Relartive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
gallon.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
gallon.
,Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
WHOLESALE
*
Pine: yellow, siding.
Paint materials.
$20.750
19.958
18.500
18.500
18.500
64.6
62.1
57.5
57.5
57.5
$30.500
30.500
30.604
33.625
31.750
49.4
49.4
49.6
54.5
51.4
$16.292
14.218
14.854
13.771
12. 708
58.5
51.0
53.3
49.4
45.6
$0,064
.065
.066
.061
.052
94.4
96.2
97.3
90.1
77.5
$0.616
.484
.408
.463
.524
133.3
104.8
88.4
100.3
113.4
$0.408
.380
.323
.300
.293
95.3
88.7
75.4
70.2
68.5
$0,043
.042
.043
.041
.037
79.0
77.9
79.2
76.8
69.3
1895..........................
1896..........................
1897..........................
1898..........................
1899..........................
16.917
16.417
16.438
18.625
20.042
52.6
51.1
51.1
58.0
62.4
31.000
31.000
30.667
30.000
34.021
50.2
50.2
49.7
48.6
55.1
14.250
14.250
14.000
13.750
15.396
51.1
51.1
50.2
49.3
55.3
.053
.052
.054
.054
.057
77.7
76.5
79.0
80.3
84.0
.524
.368
.328
.393
.427
113.4
79.7
70.9
84.9
92.3
.292
.274
.292
.322
.458
68.3
64.1
68.3
75.3
107.1
.035
.038
.038
.040
.044
65.1
71.2
70.1
73.6
81.4
1890
1900..........................
1901..........................
1902..........................
1903..........................
1904..........................
20.708
19.667
21.000
21.000
21.417
64.4
61.2
65.3
65.3
66.6
37.688
36.708
42.104
49.646
50.329
61.1
59.5
68.2
80.4
81.5
17.375
18.000
19.250
19.188
20.500
62.4
64.^
69.1
68.9
73.6
.063
.058
.054
.062
.059
92.5
85.2
79.7
91.0
* 87.7
.629
.635
.593
.417
.416
136.2
137.4
128.4
90.2
90.0
.477
.373
.474
.572
.576
111.5
87.1
110.8
133.6
134.5
.045
.044
.044
.046
.046
83.8
81.4
81.8
86.1
86.1
19191.
1905..........................
1906..........................
1907..........................
1908..........................
1909..........................
24.917
29.333
30.500
30.500
33.042
77.5
91.3
94.9
94.9
102.8
48.208
50.958
58.083
58.292
57.625
78.1
82.6
94.1
94.4
93.4
21. 417
25.542
24.000
20.792
25.250
76.9
91.7
86.0
74.6
90.6
.063
.069
.070
.065
.064
93.6
102.5
103.1
96.2
94.2
.468
.405
.434
.438
.580
101.2
87.6
94.0
94.7
125.5
.628
.665
.634
.453
.491
146.6
155.4
148.3
105.9
114.7
.047
.051
.054
.051
.052
86.4
94.4
100.0
95.4
96.1
1910..................
1911..........................
1912..........................
30.800
30.591
33.136
32.136
95.8
95.2
103.1
100.0
61.500
61.591
61.500
24.600
24.273
26.955
183.2
190.3
145.5
100.0
108.6
.683
.679
.470
159.6
158.7
109.9
100.0
110.6
.054
.054
.052
60.667
102.4
104.6
100.9
100.0
99.8
.847
.879
.673
92.2
88.3
87.1
96.7
100.0
98.4
.069
.071
.068
29.625
99.6
99.8
99.6
100.0
98.3
100.0
99.4
95 7
100.0
100.0
61.727
27.864
27.417
.068
.068
.462
.502
.428
.473
.054
.054
TO
1913............................
1914..........................
PRICES,
1890..........................
1891..........................
1892..........................
1893..........................
1894..........................
1915.
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
28.182
31.818
96.9
101.4
125.6
142.2
163.7
.070 ! 103.3
.093
137.1
.112
165.8
.127
188.0
.131
191.1
.562
.751
1.107
1.597
1.769
121.6
162.5
239.5
345.6
382.8
.459
.491
.488
.594
1.210
107.4
114.7
114.0
138.9
282.8
.067
.092
.100
.100
.087
124.0
170.8
186.6
185.5
162.3
February..
March___
April.......
May........ .
June.........
26.500
27.000
29.500
29.500
32.500
41.500
97.5
99.3
108.5
108.5
119.5
152.7
59.500
59.500
59.500
59.500
59.500
64.000
96.4
96.4
96.4
96.4
96.4
103.7
30.500
30.500
30.500
35.500
35.500
35.500
109.5
109.5
109.5
127.4
127.4
127.4
.098
.098
.103
.103
.113
.118
144.2
144.2
151.6
151.6
166.4
173.8
.930
.940
.930
1.060
1.200
1.200
201.3
203.4
201.3
229.4
259.7
259.7
.550
.540
.513
.488
.520
.448
128.5
126.2
119.8
113.9
121.5
104.6
.098
.098
.098
.098
.098
.103
181.2
181.2
181.2
181.2
181.2
190.5
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
Decem ber..
41.500
41.500
41.500
41.500
41.500
40.500
152.7
152.7
152.7
152.7
152.7
149.0
66.500
66.500
66.500
66.500
66.500
67.500
107.7
107.7
107.7
107.7
107.7
109.4
35.500
35.500
35.500
38.500
38.500
38.500
127.4
127.4
127.4
138.2
138.2
138.2
.128
.128
.128
.118
.108
.108
188.6
188.6
188.6
173.8
159.0
159.0
1.120
1.170
1.240
1.160
1.130
1.200
242.4
253.2
268.3
251.0
244.5
259.7
.420
.428
.423
.485
.535
.505
98.2
99.9
98.7
113.3
125.0
118.0
.103
.103
.103
.103
.103
.103
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
190.5
February..
March___
April........
M ay..........
June.........
40.500
41.500
41.500
41.500
41.500
41.500
149.0
152.7
152.7
152.7
152.7
152.7
71.500
71.500
77.500
83.000
83.000
83.000
115.8
115.8
125.6
134.5
134.5
134.5
38.500
38.500
38.500
40.000
40.000
40.000
138.2
138.2
138.2
143.6
143.6
143.6
.108
.108
.108
.111
.123
.131
159.0
159.0
159.0
164.6
181.2
193.0
1.280
1.295
1.510
1.550
1.570
1.580
277.0
280.2
326.8
335.4
339.7
341.9
.490
.474
.439
.426
.507
.636
114.5
110.7
102.5
99.6
118.5
148.7
.100
.100
.100
.100
.100
.100
185.9
185.9
185.9
185.9
185.9
185.9
July............
August.......
September..
October___
N ovember..
Decem ber..
43.500
44.500
.44.500
45.500
44.500
44.500
160.0
163.6
163.6
167.3
163.6
163.6
83.000
83.000
86.000
95.000
100.000
100.000
134.5
134.5
139.3
153.9
162.0
162.0
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
.136
.140
.140
.140
.140
.140
201.6
207.1
207.1
207.1
207.1
207.1
1.770
1.896
1.890
1.653
1.576
1.550
383.0
410.3
409.0
357.6
341.0
335.4
.700
.622
.661
.658
.798
.716
163.6
145.3
154.5
153.7
186.5
167.2
.100
.100
.100
.100
.100
.097
185.9
185.9
185.9
185.9
185.9
180.1
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
44.500
44.500
44.500
44. 500
44.500
44. 500
163.6
163.6
163.6
163.6
163.6
163.6
94.000
96.000
105.000
97.500
97.500
102.500
152.3
155.5
170.1
158.0
158.0
166.1
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
40.000
42.500
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
143.6
152.5
.135
.130
.130
.130
.130
.130
199.7
192.3
192.3
192.3
192.3
192.o
1.500
1.450
1.490
1.535
1.582
1.818
324.6
313.8
322.4
332.2
342.3
393.3
.755
.709
.720
.773
.831
1.095
176.4
165.8
168.3
180.6
194.1
255.9
.095
.095
.093
.085
.085
.085
176.6
176.6
172.9
158.0
158.0
158.0
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November.
December..
44.500
61.500
61.500
66.500
76.500
76. 500
163.6
226.2
226.2
244.6
281.4
281.4
102.500
120.000
122.000
122.000
122.000
139.000
166.1
194.4
197.6
197.6
197.6
225.2
42. 500
42.500
55.000
55.000
55.000
55.000
152.5
152.5
197.4
197.4
197.4
197.4
.130
.130
.130
.130
.132
.138
192.3
192.3
192.3
192.3
195.3
203.4
2.115
2.220
1.990
1.860
1.814
1.845
457.7
480.4
430.6
402.5
392.6
399.3
1.176
1.724
1.683
1.600
1.689
1.656
274.8
403.0
393.2
373.9
394.7
387.0
.085
.085
.085
.085
.085
.085
158.0
158.0
158.0
158.0
158.0
158.0
1917—January..
1918—January...
1919—January...
125
COMMODITIES.
27.000
28.250
35.000
39.625
45.625
IMPORTANT
95.4
97.7
102.8
137.2
178.2
OF
58.909
60.292
63.458
84.708
110.000
PRICES
87.7
99.0
133.2
157.8
200.5
AVERAGE
$26.917
36.208
42.917
54.500
W H O LESALE
P R IC E S
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1 89 0 T O
126
T a £ le 9 .— A V E R A G E
1 9 1 9 — C o n t in u e d .
Chemicals and drugs.
Lumber and building materials.
Rosin: common to
good, strained.
Putty.
Year or month.
Tar.
Shingles.
Red
White
Michigan
pine,
white pine, cedar,
Rela 18 inches 16 inches 16 inches Rela Average
long,
tive
tive
long,
price per
long,
price. average
average price.
barrel.
average
price
price
price
per M.
per M.
per M.
Acid: acetic, 28°.
$0.018
.018
.016
• 016
.016
152.2
152.2
140.0
139.0
136.5
$1,384
1.474
1.342
1.262
1.251
28.7
30.6
27.9
26.2
26.0
$3,350
3.250
3.150
3.000
2.800
94.6
91.8
88.9
84.7
79.1
$3,842
4.000
3.906
3.850
3.750
73.4
76.4
74.6
73.5
71.7
$1.475
1.583
1.300
1.046
1.092
66.3
71.2
58.4
47.0
49.1
1895.. .
.
1896..
.
. .
1897..
1898...............................
1899...............................
.015
.015
.015
.015
.017
126.1
126.1
126.1
126.1
146.1
1.562
1.746
1.613
1.421
1.346
32.4
36.2
33.5
29.5
27.9
2.650
2.500
2.350
2.500
2.663
74.8
70.6
66.4
70.6
75.1
3.700
3.613
3.542
3.552
3.679
70.7
69.0
67.7
67.8
70.3
1.142
1.013
1.054
1.098
1.246
51.3
45.5
47.4
49.3
56.0
1900..
1901.
1902...........................
1903.. .
1904..
.019
.015
.019
.014
.011
165.2
130.4
167.0
122.6
95.7
1.602
1.530
1.613
2.216
2.833
33.3
31.8
33.5
46.0
58.8
2.850
2.850
2.671
2.567
2.600
80.5
80.5
75.4
72.5
73.4
4.000
4.188
76.4
80.0
87.9
89.5
87.6
1.363
1.282
1.325
1.679
1.679
61.2
57.6
59.6
75.5
75.5
1905..
1906..
1907..
1908................
1909..............
.011
.012
.012
.012
.012
94.8
103.5
104.3
104.3
104.3
3.423
4.015
4.377
3.282
3.500
71.1
83.3
90.9
68.1
72.7
2.725
3.242
4.225
3.538
3.267
76.9
91.5
119.3
99.9
92.2
$1,688
2.213
2.696
2.013
2 .004
85.8
112.5
137.1
102.3
101.9
1.758
1.958
2.329
1.600
1.638
79.0
88.0
104.7
71.9
73.6
1910.....................
1911.....................
1912..
.012
.012
.012
3.492
3.608
3.483
98.6
101.9
98.4
2.008
4.817
100.0
100.0
1914......................
.012
100.0
4.017
83.4
3.329
94.0
1.713
87.1
2.254
2.125
2.000
2.225
2.188
101.3
95.5
89.9
1.967
102.1
92.2
98.6
100.0
5.233
6.717
6.642
108.6
139.4
137.9
.012
100.0
100.0
100.0
1915..
.012
100.0
122.6
3.767
5.800
78.2
120.4 1
3.067
3.446
86.6
97.3
1.664
1.910
84.6
97.1
1.733
2.254
1890..
1891..
1892............................
1893..
1894..
1913........................
1916................................
SO. 027
.033
Average
price
perM.
3.542
100.0
$3,263
3.588
3.650
3.575
3.500
1.813
1.939
Rela
tive
price.
100.0
Average
price per
pound.
Relative
price.
1919.
Rela
tive
price.
TO
Average
price per
barrel.
PRICES, 1890
Rela
tive
price.
WHOLESALE
In 1, 2,
In bulk, 3, and 5
pound
average
tins,
price per average
pound. price per
pound.
Shingles: cypress,
16 inches long.
$0.019
98.3
.016
77.9
101.3
.024
.600
ioo.o
80.4
125.3
309.3
4.0 5 4
5 .4 2 5
6 .0 3 9
114 .5
1 5 3 .2
170.5
2 .8 1 8
2 .794
4.4 8 8
143.3
142.1
2 2 8 .2
3 .1 9 2
3.6 7 7
4 .4 5 2
200.1
.0 5 2
.05 6
.03 0
267.5
2 90.7
155.2
February..
March.......
April.......
May..
June..
.03 3
.033
.033
.033
.03 3
.04 5
124.5
124.5
124.5
124.5
124.5
169.8
6 .600
6.550
6.2 7 5
137.0
136.0
130.3
124.6
130.8
130.8
3 .6 5 0
3 .7 5 0
3.7 5 0
4.0 0 0
4 .0 0 0
4 .0 0 0
103.1
105 .9
105 .9
112.9
112 .9
112.9
2 .1 6 0
2.3 7 0
2 .6 4 0
3 .1 7 0
3 .3 1 0
2 .8 1 0
1 09 .8
120 .5
1 3 4 .2
1 6 1 .2
168.3
1 4 2 .9
2 .6 0 0
2 .7 5 0
2 .7 5 0
2.9 0 0
3 .0 0 0
3 .3 0 0
116.9
123 .6
123.6
130.3
134.8
148.3
.0 4 5
.0 3 5
.0 3 5
.0 4 5
.05 0
.05 0
2 3 2 .0
180.4
180.4
2 32.0
2 57.7
257.7
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.0 4 5
.0 4 5
.0 4 5
.0 4 5
.0 4 5
.04 5
169.8
169.8
169.8
169.8
4 .0 0 0
4 .0 0 0
4 .0 0 0
4 .2 5 0
4 .5 0 0
4 .7 5 0
1 12.9
1 12.9
112 .9
6 .800
6.850
7.175
124.6
121.5
124.6
141.2
142.2
149.0
127.1
134.1
3 .0 0 0
3 .1 3 0
2 .880
2 .7 1 0
2 .800
2.8 3 0
152.5
1 59 .2
146.4
1 37.8
142.4
1 43.9
3 .5 0 0
3 .5 0 0
3 .5 0 0
3 .5 0 0
3 .5 0 0
3 .5 0 0
157.3
157.3
157.3
157.3
157.3
157.3
.05 5
.053
.07 5
.065
.0 6 0
.05 5
283.5
270-6
386.6
335.0
309.3
283.5
7.120
6 .969
6.588
6.070
7.725
9.981
147.8
144.7
136.8
126.0
160.4
2 07.2
5 .2 0 0
5 .3 9 6
5 .4 5 0
5.4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
146.8
152.4
1 53 .9
153 .9
153 .9
1 53.9
2 .7 9 0
2 .7 4 0
2 .9 8 0
2 .9 7 0
2 .9 0 0
3 .1 2 0
141 .9
139.3
1 51.5
151.0
147.5
158.6
3 .6 0 0
2 .9 5 0
2 .9 0 0
3 .0 0 0
3.1 8 3
3 .6 2 5
161.8
132.6
130.3
134.8
143.1
162.9
.05 5
.05 5
.0 6 0
.0 6 0
.06 0
.06 8
283.5
2 83.5
3 10 .8
309.3
309.3
3 50 .0
11.000
1917—January...
1918—January...
6.000
6.300
6.300
6.000
5.850
6.000
120.0
143.4
165.3
.04 5
.0 4 5
.04 5
.0 4 5
.04 5
.047
169.8
169.8
169.8
169.8
176.6
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.054
.04 7
.047
.0 4 7
.047
.047
2 03.8
177.4
177.4
177.4
177.4
177.4
11.525
13.644
15.155
15.956
14.940
228.4
239.3
283.3
314.6
331.3
3 10 .2
5 .4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
5 .4 5 0
153 .9
153 .9
153 .9
1 5 3 .9
1 53 .9
1 53 .9
3 .0 8 0
2 .8 2 0
2 .7 0 0
2 .3 7 0
2 .4 8 0
2.5 8 0
156.6
143.4
137.3
120.5
126.1
131 .2
3 .9 6 7
4 .0 0 0
4 .0 0 0
4 .0 0 0
4 .2 5 0
4 .313
178.3
179.8
179.8
179.8
191.0
193.8
.06 0
.060
.0 4 9
.04 9
.04 9
.0 4 9
3 0 7 .2
3 07.2
253.1
253.1
253.1
253.1
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
.047
.04 7
.047
.04 7
.0 4 7
.04 7
177.4
177.4
177.4
175.5
175.5
175.5
14.250
13.463
12.325
12.185
12.050
14.275
295 .8
279.5
255 .9
253.0
2 50 .2
296.4
5 .4 5 0
5.5 1 3
5 .7 0 0
5.7 0 0
5 .7 0 0
5 .7 0 0
1 53.9
155.6
160 .9
160 .9
160 .9
160.9
2 .5 6 0
2 .7 7 0
2 .7 8 0
3 .1 0 0
3 .8 1 0
4 .2 7 0
1 30.2
1 40.8
141.4
1 57.6
193.7
217 .1
4.313
4 .2 5 0
4 .2 5 0
4.2 5 0
4 .2 5 0
4 .2 5 0
193.8
191.0
191.0
191.0
191.0
191.0
.04 5
.033
.033
.031
.02 9
.0 2 8
232.0
167.5
167.5
157.7
149.5
141.8
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.04 7
.0 4 7
.0 4 7
.04 7
.04 7
.047
175.5
175.5
175.5
175.5
175.5
175.5
16.450
17.850
17.330
17.125
1#.475
17.070
3 41.5
370 .6
3 59.8
355.5
362.8
354.4
5 .7 0 0
5 .7 0 0
5 .7 0 0
6.7 0 0
7.0 0 0
7.900
160.9
160 .9
160 .9
1 89 .2
197.6
223.1
4 .8 2 0
5 .9 8 0
6 .2 9 0
5 .5 3 0
5.6 0 0
6 .3 5 0
2 45.1
304 .1
3 1 9 .8
2 8 1 .2
284 .7
3 2 2 .9
4 .4 0 0
4.5 0 0
4.5 0 0
4 .5 0 0
4.8 7 5
5 .0 0 0
197.8
.0 2 8
.0 2 8
.0 2 8
.02 8
.02 8
.0 2 8
141.8
141.8
141.8
141.8
141.8
1 41.8
1919—January...
202.2
202.2
202.2
219.1
224.7
COMMODITIES.
February..
March___
April.
May..
June..
IMPORTANT
132.7
2 19.7
315 .6
OE
6 .3 9 2
10.584
15.201
PEICES
150.9
176.2
175.8
AVEEAGE
.04 0
.0 4 7
.04 7
1917.
1918.
1919.
to
128
T able 9 .—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Chemicals and drugs.
Alcohol.
Acid.
Year or month.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Sulphuric, 66°.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Wood: refined,
95 per cent.
Grain.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. gallon.
Rela Average
tive
price per
gallon.
price.
Alum: lump.
Ammonia: an
hydrous.
Borax: crystals.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Rela
tive
price.
$0,010
.010
.012
.010
.009
80.0
75.4
93.1
77.7
67.7
$0,009
.008
.010
.009
.007
88.0
81.0
95.0
85.0
73.0
$2,072
2.215
2.142
2.181
2.152
82.9
88.6
85.7
87.3
86.1
$1,138
1.160
1.297
1.292
.720
237.8
242.5
271.2
270.1
150.5
$0,018
.016
.016
.017
.017
104.0
90.3
91.4
99.4
96.6
1895.......................................
1896.......................................
1897.......................................
1898.......................................
.008
.008
.011
.013
.014
63.8
57.7
83.8
98.5
103.8
.007
.007
.010
.011
.012
70.0
70.0
95.0
113.0
120.0
2.329
2.301
2.277
2.325
2.412
93.2
92.1
91.1
93.0
96.5
.867
.850
.694
.750
.771
181.2
177.7
145.1
156.8
161.2
.016
.016
.017
.017
.017
91.4
93.7
94.9
94.3
96.0
1900....................................
1901.......................................
1902.......................................
1903....................................
1904.......................................
.014
.015
.017
.016
.016
103.8
115.4
129.2
123.1
123.1
.012
.013
.013
.013
.013
120.0
125.0
130.0
127.0
129.0
2.387
2.458
2.406
2.396
2.433
95.5
98.4
96.3
95.9
97.3
.800
.613
.642
.592
.588
167.3
128.1
134.2
123.7
122.8
.018
.018
.018
.017
.018
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.9
100.0
1905.....................................
1906.......................................
1907.....................................
1908.....................................
1909....................................
.016
.014
.014
.014
.013
123.1
103.8
103.8
103.8
103.1
.012
.010
.010
.010
.010
124.0
100.0
100.0
102.0
100.0
2.428
2.464
2.523
2.637
2.618
97.1
98.6
100.9
105.5
104.7
.675
.700
.399
.428
.500
141.1
146.3
83.5
89.4
104.5
.018
.018
.018
.018
.018
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1910....................................
1911.......................................
1912.......................................
1913.....................................
1914.......................................
.013
.013
.013
.013
.013
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.010
100.0
100.0
100.0
102.1
94.1
.018
.018
.018
.018
.020
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.500
.500
.500
.478
.450
104.5
104.5
104.5
.010
2.553
2.535
2.569
2.499
2.553
102.1
101.4
102.8
100.0
100.0
$0,049
.049
.010
.010
.010
113.1
$0,250
.250
100.0
100.0
$0,038
.038
100.0
1915.......................................
1916.......................................
1917.....................................
.016
.025
.018
123.8
189.2
134.3
.066
.078
.077
134.8
159.6
157.6
.013
129.0
200.0
169.0
2.562
2.663
3.775
102.5
106.6
151.0
.458
.671
1.046
95.8
140.2
218.6
.030
.041
.042
170.3
233.1
240.6
.250
.250
.254
100.0
100.0
101.7
.047
.065
.072
124.5
174.4
191.7
.017
100.0
100.0
|
............ 1................
I
TO 1919,
.020
100.0
PRICES, 1890
.............................
1890
1891
.............................
1892
...................
1893.......................................
1894...................................
•WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Nitric, 42°.
.
Muriatic, 20°.
100.0
178.9
153.5
.016
.010
163.0
95.0
4.959
4.857
198.4
194.3
1.015
1.273
212.1
266.2
.046
.041
262.9
234.9
.385
.303
154.1
121.1
.073
.073
193.3
194.7
1917—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
.018
.018
018
,018
.015
015
134.6
134.6
134.6
134.6
115.4
115.4
.063
.063
.063
.070
.080
.075
128.1
128.1
128.1
143.4
163.9
153.7
.015
.015
.018
.018
.018
.015
150.G
150.0
175.0
175.0
175.0
150.0
2.720
2.720
2.720
2.810
3.070
3.070
108.8
108.8
108.8
112.4
122.8
122.8
.900
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
188.2
209.1
209.1
209.1
209.1
209.1
.040
.040
.040
.040
.040
.045
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
257.1
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.070
.070
.070
.073
.073
.073
186.7
186.7
186.7
193.3
193.3
193.3
July .........
A ugust....
September
October...
November.
December.
.018
,018
.018
.019
.019
.020
134.6
134.6
134.6
144.6
146.2
153.8
.080
.083
.083
.083
.093
.090
163.9
169.1
169.1
169.1
189.6
184.4
.015
.018
.018
.018
.018
.020
150.0
175.0
175.0
175.0
175.0
200.0
3.800
4.120
4.320
5.650
5.250
5.050
152.0
164.8
172.9
226.1
210.1
202.1
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.100
1.200
1.350
209.1
209.1
209.1
230.0
250.9
282.2
.045
.045
.045
.045
.040
.040
257.1
257.1
257.1
257.1
228.6
228.6
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.300
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
120.0
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
1918—January...
February..
March.......
April.
153.8
153.8
184.6
230.8
221.5
176.9
.088
.091
.091
.091
.095
.089
180.5
187.1
187.1
187.1
194.7
182.4
.020
.021
.023
.023
.020
.017
200.0
213.0
225.0
225.0
200.0
168.0
4.950
4.950
4.950
4.950
4.950
4.958
198.1
198.1
198.1
198.1
198.1
198.4
1.350
1.350
1.261
.905
.905
.908
282.2
282.2
263.6
189.2
189.2
189.8
.042
.040
.040
.040
.040
.040
239.4
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
228.6
.343
.385
.388
0)
0)
.400
137.0
154.0
155.2
June.........
020
,020
,024
030
029
023
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
July..........
A ugust....
September.
October...
November.
December.
023
022
,021
,021
021
021
173.1
170.0
157.7
157.7
157.7
157.7
.085
.085
.085
.085
.085
.085
174.2
174.2
174.2
174.2
174.2
174.2
.014
.014
.014
.013
.013
.013
140.0
140.0
140.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
4.945
4.970
4.970
4.970
4.970
4.970
197.9
198.9
198.9
198.9
198.9
, 198.9
.918
.915
.915
.915
.915
.933
19(1.8
191.3
191.3
191.3
191.3
195.0
.045
.053
.045
.045
.065
.055
257.1
300.0
257.1
257.1
371.4
314.3
.400
C1)
0)
.400
.400
.365
160.0
160.0
146.0
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
1919—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
020
017
016
016
013
012
152.3
130.8
123.1
123.1
98.5
92.3
.085
.081
.080
.080
.080
.070
174.2
166.6
163.9
163.9
163.9
143.4
.013
.011
.009
.008
.008
.008
125.0
110.0
93.0
83.0
80.0
80.0
4.970
4.970
4.970
4.970
4.970
4.805
198.9
198.9
198.9
198.9
198.9
192.3
1.137
1.280
1.280
1.280
1.248
1.200
237.8
267.6
267.6
267.6
260.9
250.9
.053
.045
.045
.043
.041
.038
300.0
257.1
257.1
242.9
231.4
214.3
.323
.300
.300
.300
.300
.300
129.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
.073
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
July..........
August--September.
October__
November.
December.
012
016
020
018
017
017
94.6
119.2
153.8
135.4
128.5
130.8
.070
.070
.070
.070
.070
.073
143.4
143.4
143.4
143.4
143.4
148.6
.008
.008
.010
80.0
80.0
98.0
100.0
110.0
110.0
4.750
4.750
4.750
4.780
4.790
4.790
190.1
190.1
190.1
191.3
191.7
191.7
1.200
1.255
1.300
1.300
1.380
1.400
250.9
262.4
271.8
271.8
288.5
292.7
.038
.038
.038
.038
.040
.040
214.3
214.3
214.3
214.3
228.6
228.6
.300
.300
.300
.300
.300
.313
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
125.0
.073
.073
.073
.073
.074
.078
193.3
193.3
193.3
193.3
196.0
206.7
May.
.011
.011
160.0
1 No quotation.
129
.o io
160.0
COMMODITIES.
.087
.075
IMPORTANT
174.6
123.1
OF
,023
.016
PRICES
1919.....................
AVERAGE
146726°— 20— Bull. 269<0
i m .....................
130
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Chemicals and drugs.
Soda.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
Rela Average
tive price per
ounce.
price.
Average
Rela price
per
tive
100
price.
pounds.
89.7
78.0
70.8
68.3
60.6
$2,621
1.944
1.671
2.392
2.285
43.6
32.3
27.8
39.8
38.0
$0,328
.251
.218
.215
.262
»149.1
114.2
99.4
97.9
119.4
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
.120
.167
.131
.124
.133
61.1
84.8
66.4
62.8
67.4
1.841
2.092
2.342
3.342
3.073
30.6
34.8
38.9
55.5
51.1
.251
.241
.183
.215
114.2
109.6
83.3
97.7
135.5
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
.152
.150
.144
.145
.140
76.9
76.3
73.3
73.4
70.8
3.200
3.229
2.831
3.081
2.750
53.2
53.7
47.1
51.2
45.7
.333
.303
.258
.253
.233
151.4
137.7
117.3
115.0
106.2
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
.124
.113
.138
.149
.170
62.8
57.3
70.2
75.7
3.033
2.950
4.946
4.715
4.610
50.4
49.0
82.2
78.4
76.6
.210
.166
.178
.157
.141
75.5
80.8
71.4
64.1
1910.
1911.
1912.
1913.
1914.
$0.052
.046
100.0
88.9
.214
.227
.184
.215
108.7
115.1
93.5
100.0
109.0
5.371
6.433
7.117
6.017
7.355
89.3
106.9
118.3
100.0
122.2
.140
.140
.177
.220
.273
63.8
63.8
80.5
100.0
124.1
1915.
.064
123.4
.296
150.2
8.092
134.5
.197
149.5
Rela Average
tive
price per
price. pound.
Average
Rela price per
tive
100
price. pounds.
Soda ash, light,
58 per cent.
Average
Rela price
per
tive
100
price. pounds.
Rela
tive
price.
TO 1919.
$0.177
.154
.140
.135
.119
Nitrate of (Chile
Caustic, 76 and saltpeter), 95 per
78 per cent solid.
cent.
PRICES, 1890
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
1 11
Rela Average
price per
tive
price. pound.
Carbonate of
(sal soda).
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
pound.
Quinine: manu
facturers' quo
tations.
«>
o
Copper sulphate
natural,
(blue vitriol), 99 Glycerin: refined. Opium:
in cases.
per cent crystals.
100.0
100.0
$0.015
.014
100.0
97.9
$2.469
2.110
100.0
85.5
$0.583
.575
100.0
98.6
100.0
.031
214.4
2.404
97.4
.694
118.9
188.4
425.2
405.8
187.2
.683
.717
.842
.829
311.2
326.4
383.6
377.4
1.046
1.117
1.371
1.437
174.3
186.1
228.5
239.4
.048
.064
.045
.031
331.5
436.3
305.5
211.6
3.164
4.029
4.697
3.551
128.2
163.2
190.3
143.9
3.052
3.058
2.674
2.011
523.2
524.3
458.4
344.7
1917—January...
February.,
March.. . .
A pril........
M ay..........
June.........
.130
.115
.093
.093
.095
.095
249.5
220.7
177.5
177.5
182.3
182.3
.530
.550
.550
.555
.560
.610
268.9
279.0
279.0
281.6
284.1
309.5
13.500
14.500
20.000
25.000
30.000
27.000
224.4
241.0
332.4
415.5
498.6
448,7
.550
.550
.750
.750
.750
.750
250.5
250.5
341.5
341.5
341.5
341.5
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
183.3
183.3
183.3
183.3
183.3
183.3
.044
.043
.043
.044
.058
.063
300.0
291.1
291.1
300.0
393.8
428.1
3.250
3.350
3.750
3.750
3.750
4.000
131.6
135.7
151.9
151.9
151.9
162.0
3.000
2.900
2.900
3.100
3.100
2.850
514.3
497.2
497.2
531.5
531.5
488.6
J uly..........
A ugust___
September,
October...
November.
December.
.095
.095
.090
.085
.095
.095
182.3
182.3
172.7
163.1
182.3
182.3
.620
.640
.640
.680
.700
.700,
314.6
324.7
324.7
345.0
355.1
355.1
27.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
30.000
448.7
498.6
498.6
498.6
498.6
498.6
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
341.5
341.5
341.5
341.5
341.5
341.5
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.250
1.150
183.3
183.3
183.3
183.3
208.3
191.7
.070
.072
.090
.085
.078
.078
479.5
493.1
616.4
582.2
530.8
530.8
4.150
4.250
4.300
4.650
4.650
4.500
168.1
172.2
174.2
188.4
188.4
182.3
2.750
2.850
4.000
3.500
2.850
2.900
471.5
488.6
685.8
600.0
488.6
497.2
1918—January...
February..
March____
A pril........
May..........
June.........
.094
.091
.094
.095
.093
.090
180.0
175.2
180.4
182.3
178.7
172.7
.675
.675
.674
.660
.641
.632
342.5
342.5
342.0
334.9
325.4
320.6
30.000
30.000
28.000
24.750
23.750
23.300
498.6
498.6
465.4
411.3
394.7
387.2
.750
.750
.750
.750
.788
.900
341.5
341.5
341.5
341.5
358.6
409.8
1.150
1.200
1.290
1.350
1.350
1.350
191.7
200.0
215.0
225.0
225.0
225.0
.059
.056
.043
.049
.043
.044
402.7
382.2
296.6
332.2
291.1
301.4
4.438
4.488
5.000
5.250
5.125
4.550
179.7
181.8
202.5
212.7
207.6
184.3
2.913
2.900
2.800
2.500
2.238
2.240
499.3
497.2
480.0
428.6
383.6
384.0
Ju ly..........
A ugust___
September,
October...
November.
December.
.091
.093
.094
.095
.095
.095
174.5
177.5
180.0
182.3
182.3
182.3
.635
.614
.610
.575
.548
.218
322.2
311.5
309.5
291.7
278.0
110.4
22.500
22.300
21.500
22.250
22.500
22.500
374.0
370.6
357.3
369.8
374.0
374.0
.900
.900
.900
.900
.900
.900
409.8
409.8
409.8
409.8
409.8
409.8
1.350
1.380
1.400
1.400
1.600
1.600
225.0
230.0
233.3
233.3
266.7
266.7
.039
.040
.043
.044
.040
.039
268.5
274.0
295.2
304.1
272.6
265.8
4.950
5.000
4.663
4.344
4.400
4.425
200.5
202.5
188.9
175.9
178.2
179.2
1.945
2.800
2.969
3.344
2.790
2.663
333.5
480.0
509.0
573.3
478.3
456.5
1919—January...
February..
March____
A pril........
M ay..........
June.........
.087
.081
.076
.074
.074
.077
166.8
156.2
145.3
141.1
141.1
146.8
.196
.184
.170
.169
.202
.208
99.2
93.6
86.3
85.6
102.5
105.3
22.500
22.500
22.500
8.125
9.050
8.375
374.0
374.0
374.0
135.0
150.4
139.2
.900
.900
.880
.800
.800
.800
409.8
409.8
400.7
364.3
364.3
364.3
1.600
1.600
1.600
1.600
1.400
1.350
266.7
266.7
266.7
266.7
233.3
225.0
.033
.029
.027
.026
.026
.026
225.3
195.2
186.3
174.7
176.7
178.1
4.425
4.425
4.100
4.075
4.075
3.806
179.2
179.2
166.1
165.1
165.1
154.2
2.288
1.813
1.890
1.900
1.900
2.000
392.2
310.7
324.0
325.7
325.7
342.9
Ju ly..........
A ugust___
September.
October...
November.
December..
.085
.090
.089
.085
.083
.081
162.8
172.7
171.6
163.1
159.3
154.7
.196
.207
.201
.198
.208
.230
99.6
105.0
102.1
100.2
105.5
116.7
7.500
7.000
7.000
7.000
6.800
6.750
124.7
116.3
116,3
116.3
113.0
112.2
.800
.800
.800
.800
.800
.875
364.3
364.3
364.3
364.3
364.3
398.5
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
225.0
225.0
225.0
225.0
225.0
225.0
.031
.033
.033
.034
.035
.042
214.4
222.6
222.6
229.5
239.7
284.2
2.956
2.040
2.888
2.913
3.005
3.031
119.7
119.1
117.0
118.0
121.7
122.8
2.100
2.070
2.050
2.050
2.050
2.050
360.0
354.9
351.5
351.5
351.5
351.5
131
COMMODITIES.
11.338
25.583
24.413
11.264
IMPORTANT
257.7
310.1
303.4
100.1
OP
.508
.611
.598
.197
PRICES
256.2
187.9
17$. 9
156.6
6
7
8
9
AVERAGE
.134
.098
.093
.082
191
191
191
191
Chemicals and
drugs.
House-furnishing goods.
Furniture.
Earthenware.
Sulphur (brim
stone): stick,
crude.
Plates: white
granite.
Teacups and saucers: white
granite.
Chairs.
Bedroom sets.
Bedroom.
Average
price per
long ton.
Iron bed
stead, hard
wood dresser
and washstand, in
Chicago,
average price
per set.
Maple,
Rela cane seat,
tive
in New
price. York, aver
age price
per dozen.
Oak
rocker, in
Chicago,
average
price per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
$0,489
.479
.464
.464
.457
105.5
103.3
100.2
100.2
98.6
$3.760
3.682
3.572
3.572
3.525
110.0
107.7
104.5
104.5
103.1
$12,000
12.000
12.000
11.000
11.000
51.8
51.8
51.8
47.4
47.4
$7,000
7.000
6.850
6.850
6.000
66.7
66.7
65.2
65.2
57.1
1895.
1896.
1897
1898.
1899.
15.625
17.958
20.125
22. 917
21.125
71.0
81.6
91.5
104.2
96.0
.416
.399
.399
.452
.461
86.1
86.1
97.5
99.4
3.091
3.091
3.360
3.403
94.7
90.4
90.4
98.2
99.5
9.950
8.750
8. 750
10.000
10.100
42.9
37.7
37.7
43.1
43.6
6.000
6.000
5.000
5.125
6.125
57.1
57.1
47.6
48.8
58.3
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
21.146
22.000
23. 438
22.333
21.775
96.1
100.0
106.5
101.5
99.0
.484
.510
.510
.499
.494
104.5
110.0
110.0
107.7
106.7
3.575
3.763
3.763
3.683
3.650
104.6
110.1
110.1
107.7
106.8
11.250
11.250
11. 750
12.167
12.250
48.5
48.5
50.6
52.4
52.8
8.000
7.000
7.333
7.917
8.000
76.2
66.7
69.8
75.4
76.2
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
21.267
22.156
21.498
21. 792
22.000
96.7
100.7
97.7
99.1
100.0
.459
.459
.459
.459
.459
99.0
99.0
99.0
99.0
99.0
3.387
3.387
3.387
3.897
3.387
99.0
99.0
99.0
114.7
99.0
14.500
$11,250
11.000
10.875
53.3
55.9
62.5
61.1
60.4
8.000
8.917
10.000
9.417
9.000
76.2
84.9
95.2
89.7
85.7
1910.
1911.
22.000
22.000
100.0
100.0
.462
99.7
99.7
3.413
3.413
99.8
99.8
11.875
13.750
66.0
76.4
9.000
9.000
85.7
85.7
12.354
12.958
1919.
96.1
130.0
109.8
85.1
75.4
TO
$21.146
28.604
24.146
18.729
16.583
1890
1890.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
PRICES,
Iron bed
Average
Average
Ash, in
stead, hard
price per
New
price
per
wood
dresser
Rela Average Rela
Rela
gross (6
dozen
and washYork,
tive
dozen
price per* tive
tive
cups
and
stand,
in
price.
dozen.
price. cups and 6 dozen sau price. average
price per New York,
dozen sau
cers.
set.
average price
cers).
per set.
WHOLESALE
Year or month.
132
T able 9 .—AVER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
100.0
142.4
197.0
146.8
127.3
.463
.484
.718
.928
1.065
1917—January...
February..
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
35.000
35.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
159.1
159.1
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
.562
.562
.562
.676
.676
.780
July..........
A ugust....
September
October...
November.
December.
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
45.000
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
1918—January...
February..
March......
A pril........
May..........
June.........
35.000
35.000
35.000
C1)
C1)
0)
159.1
159.1
159.1
July..........
August___
September.
October__
November.
December.
C1)
40.000
35.000
28.500
28-000
28.000
1919—January...
February..
March........
April........ .
May...........
June..........
July...........
August___
September.
October__
November.
December..
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28.000
28-000
28.000
3.413
15.250
84.7
9.500
100.0
$10,780
100.0
15.925
97.0
10.780
100.0
229.9
15.925
19.608
23.046
31.838
39.568
97.0
119.5
140.4
194.0
241.0
10.780
12.413
15.680
19.518
22.890
100.0
115.2
145.5
181.1
212.3
121.2
121.2
121.2
145.9
145.9
168.4
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.540
134.3
134.3
134.3
134.3
134.3
137.3
14.700
14.700
14.700
15.680
15.680
15.680
136.4
136.4
136.4
145.5
145.5
145.5
.780
.780
.780
.780
.840
.840
168.4
168.4
168.4
168.4
181.3
181.3
23.961
23.961
23.961
23.961
23.961
23.961
146.0
146.0
146.0
146.0
146.0
146.0
16.170
16.170
16.170
16.170
16.170
16.170
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
.840
.840
.840
.840
.840
.840
181.3
181.3
181.3
181.3
181.3
181.3
24.206
24.206
25.431
27.244
27.244
33.173
147.5
147.5
154.9
166.0
166.0
202.1
16.170
16.170
16.170
17.150
18.130
20.090
150.0
150.0
150.0
159.1
168.2
186.4
181.8
159.1
129.5
127.3
127.3
.840
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
181.3
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
33.173
36.652
37.681
37.681
37.681
202.1
223.3
229.6
229.6
229.6
229.6
20.090
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.050
186.4
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.050
1.088
1.120
1.120
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
226.6
234.9
241.7
241.7
35.378
35.378
35.378
215.5
215.5
215.5
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.050
22.050
24.010
25.970
(i)
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
204.5
222.7
240.9
100.0
104.6
155.0
200.2
37.681
35.378
35.378
38.857
41.895
46.011
46.011
50.421
59. 780
59. 780
1No quotation
215.5
215.5
236.7
255.2
280.3
280.3
307.2
364.2
364.2
10.500
90.5
$16.415
18.000
(i)
I1)
(i)
C1)
133
22.000
31.333
43.333
32.290
28.000
5
6
7
8
9
99.7
100.0
100.0
COMMODITIES.
191
191
191
191
191
.462
.463
IMPORTANT
.463
OF
100. 0
100. c
100.0
PRICES
22.000
22.000
22.000
AVERAGE
191 2
191 3
191 4
134
T able 9.—AVER AG E W H OLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
House-furnishing goods.
Glassware.
Furniture.
Chairs: kitchen.
"WqT\rviaq■ 1-inoh
Tables: kitchen.
Table cutlery.
Pitchers: J-gallon, Tumblers: 4-pint,
common.
common.
Carvers: stag
handles.
Knives and forks:
cocobolo handles.
Common
spindle,
in New
York,
average
price per
dozen.
Hard
wood,
bow
back,
in
Chicago,
average
price per
dozen.
Rela
tive
price.
3§-foot,
in New
York,
average
price
per
dozen.
Hardwood
base,
24 by 42
inches,
in
Chicago,
average
price per
table.
Rela Average
tive price per
dozen.
price.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
dozen.
Rela Average
tive
price per
price.
dozen.
Rela Average
price per
tive
pair.
price.
Rela Average
tive price per
price.
gross.
Rela
tive
price.
70.0
70.0
70.8
70.8
58.3
$15,000
15.000
15.000
15.000
14.250
65.8
65.8
65.8
65.8
62.5
$0,120
.120
.120
.120
.120
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
109.1
$1,250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
156.3
156.3
156.3
156.3
156.3
$0.180
.200
.190
.190
.190
150.0
166.7
158.3
158.3
158.3
$0,800
.800
.800
.950
.800
106.7
106.7
106.7
126.7
106.7
$7.750
7.750
6.850
5.500
5.500
134.8
134.8
119.1
95.7
95.7
1895
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899
3.500
3.500
3.500
3.313
4.042
58.3
58.3
58.3
55.2
67.4
14.250
13.800
13.800
13.800
14.450
62.5
60.5
60.5
60.5
63.4
.120
.100
.100
.100
.100
109.1
90.9
90.9
90.9
90.9
1.250
1.250
1.000
1.000
1.000
156.3
156.3
125.0
125.0
125.0
.185
.180
.170
.160
.130
154.2
150.0
141.7
133.3
108.3
.800
.800
.750
.750
.750
106.7
106.7
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.500
5.500
5.000
5.500
5.750
95.7
95.7
87.0
95.7
100.0
1900.
1901,
1902
1903.
1904.
5.208
4.750
4.917
5.000
4.771
86.8
79.2
81.9
83.3
79.5
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
15.600
68.4
68.4
68.4
,68.4
68.4
.100
.140
.140
.140
.140
90.9
127.3
127.3
127.3
127.3
1.000
1.300
1.300
1.300
1.150
125.0
162.5
162.5
162.5
143.8
.180
.180
.185
.177
.160
150.0
150.0
154.2
147.2
133.3
.750
.750
.750
.750
.750
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.750
6.500
6.500
6.500
6.667
100.0
113.0
113.0
113.0
115.9
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
4.750
5.125
5.792
6.000
5.583
79.2
85.4
96.5
100.0
93.1
15.600
10.500
18.000
18.000
18.000
68.4
72.4
78.9
78.9
78.9
.140
.140
.140
.122
.117
127.3
127.3
127.3
110.9
106.4
1.050
1.050
1.050
.963
.996
131.3
131.3
131.3
120.4
124.5
.150
.150
.150
.133
.134
125.0
125.0
125.0
110.4
111.8
.750
.750
.800
.750
.750
100.0
100.0
106.7
100.0
100.0
6.688
6.050
6.483
5.417
5.000
116.3
105.2
112.8
94.2
87.0
1910.
1911.
1912.
5.500
5.750
6.000
91.7
95.8
100.0
20.000
21.000
22.800
87.7
92.1
100.0
.113
.110
.110
102.7
100.0
100.0
.942
.800
.800
117.8
100.0
100.0
.120
.110
.110
100.0
91.7
91.7
.750
.750
.750
100.0
100.0
100.0
5.000
5.000
5.292
87.0
87.0
92.0
TO 1919.
$4,200
4.200
4.250
4.250
3.500
PRICES. 1890
1890.
1891
1892
1893
1894
WHOLESALE
Year or m onth.
191
191
191
191
191
5
6
7
8
9
1917—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
July..........
1919—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
.110
.120
100.0
109.1
.800
.900
100.0
112.5
.120
.120
100.0
100.0
.750
.767
100.0
102.2
5.750
5.813
100.0
101.1
6.370
7.003
8.759
11.662
13.704
100.0
109.9
137.5
183.1
215.1
1.421
1.527
1.887
2,736
3.695
100.0
107.5
132.8
192.5
260.1
.135
.161
.208
.250
.275
122.7
146.6
188.6
227.3
250.0
.850
1.000
1.254
1.444
1.595
106.3
125.0
156.8
180.5
199.4
.110
.125
.220
.314
.328
91.7
104.2
183.3
261.8
272.9
.750
.858
1.033
1.150
1.242
100.0
114.4
137.8
153.3
165.6
5.750
6.875
10.083
12.333
13.308
100.0
119.6
175.4
214.5
231.4
8.330
8.330
8.330
8.575
8.575
8.575
130.8
130.8
130.8
134.6
134.6
134.6
1.715
1.715
1.715
1.715
1.715
1.715
120.7
120.7
120.7
120.7
120.7
120.7
.183
.183
.183
.200
.200
.200
166.6
166.6
166.6
181.8
181.8
181.8
1.150
1.150
1.150
1.260
1.260
1.260
143.8
143.8
143.8
157.5
157.5
157.5
.160
.180
.180
.200
.200
.220
133.3
150.0
150.0
166.7
166.7
183.3
.900
.900
1.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
120.0
120.0
133.3
133.3
1^3.3
133.3
8.500
8.500
9.500
9.500
9.500
9.500
147.8
147.8
165.2
165.2
165.2
165.2 (
9.065
9.065
9.065
9.065
9.065
9.065
142.3
142.3
142.3
142.3
142.3
142.3
2.058
2.058
2.058
2.058
2.058
2.058
144.8
144.8
144.8
144.8
144.8
144.8
.220
.220
.220
.220
.230
.230
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
209.1
209.1
1.280
1.280
1.280
1.280
1.350
1.350
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
168.8
168.8
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
.250
208.3
208.3
208.3
208.3
208.3
208.3
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
11.000
11.000
11.000
11.000
11.000
11.000
191.3
191.3
191.3
191.3
191.3
191.3
9.702
9.702
9.702
10.192
10.682
12.348
152.3
152.3
152.3
160.0
167.7
193.9
2.450
2.450
2.450
2.597
2.597
2.842
172.4
172.4
172.4
182.8
182.8
200.0
.230
.230
.230
.230
.230
.250
209.1
209.1
209.1
209.1
209.1
227.3
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.350
1.400
168.8
168.8
168.8
168.8
168.8
175.0
.280
.280
.280
.280
.280
.310
233.3
233.3
233.3
233.3
233.3
258.3
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
1.100
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
11.000
11.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
191.3
191.3
208.7
208.7
208.7
208.7
12.936
12.936
12.936
12.936
12.936
12.936
203.1
203.1
203.1
203.1
203.1
203.1
2.842
2.842
2.842
2.842
2.842
3.234
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
227.6
.250
.250
.275
.275
.275
.275
227.3
227.3
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
1.400
1.400
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
175.0
175.0
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
.310
.350
.350
.350
.350
.350
258.3
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
291.7
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.200
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
226.1
226.1
226.1
226.1
226.1
226.1
11.760
11.760
11.760
11.760
11.760
13.524
184.6
184.6
184.6
184.6
184.6
212.3
3.234
3.234
3.234
3.234
3.234
3.577
227.6
227.6
227.6
227.6
227.6
251.7
.275
.275
.275
.275
.275
.275
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
.350
.350
.350
.320
.320
.320
291.7
291.7291.7
266.7
266.7
266.7
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.200
1.200
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
13.000
226.1
226.1
226.1
226.1
226.1
226.1
13.524
13.524
14.896
14.896
16.464
18.816
212.3
212.3
233.8
233.8
258.5
295.4
3.871
3.871
3.871
4.165
4.410
4.410
272.4
272.4
272.4
293.1
310.3
310.3
.275
.275
.275
.275
.275
.275
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
250.0
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
1.595
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
199.4
.320
.320
.320
.320
.320
.320
266.7
266.7
266.7
266.7
266.7
266.7
1.200
1.300
1.300
1.300
1.300
1.300
160.0
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
173.3
13.000
13.500
13.500
13.694
14.000
14.000
226.1
234.8
234.8
238.1
243.5
243.5
135
July............
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
100.0
100.0
COMMODITIES.
J u ly ...........
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
$1.421
1.421
IMPORTANT
1918—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May..........
June.........
100.0
100.0
OF
August.......
September.
October___
November.
December..
$6,370
6.370
PRICES
191 4
AVERAGE
6.000
191 3
9.—A VER AG E W H OLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
House-furnishing goods.
Miscellaneous.
Beer: western,
light or dark.
Wooden ware.
Year or month.
Pails: oakgrained.
Tubs: oakgrained.
Average Relaprice per tive^
Rela Average Rela barrel.
price.
tive price per tiv e
price. nest of 3. price.
Cottonseed meal:
prime.
Bran.
Cottonseed oil: summer
yellow, prime.
Jute.
Raw, MAverage Rela Average Rela Average Average Rela Raw, aver double tri Rela
price per tive price per tive price per price per tive
age price
angle, av tive
ton.
gallon.
price. short ton. price.
pound. price. per pound. erage price price.
per pound.
$1,650
1.567
1.400
1.308
1.288
98.0
93.1
83.2
77.7
76.5
$23,375
25.208
23.696
25.704
22.558
74.0
79.8
75.0
81.3
71.4
$0,345
.357
.309
.455
.324
63.9
66.1
57.2
84.3
60.0
$0,039
.037
.048
.035
.035
42.6
40.7
52.1
37.9
37.8
...................
1.121
1.263
1.242
1.133
1.267
62.6
70.5
69.3
63.3
70,7
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.250
1.258
74.3
74.3
74.3
74.3
74.8
18.913
19.938
20.438
19.000
20.796
59.8
63.1
64.7
60.1
65.8
.272
.251
.237
.229
.266
50.4
46.6
43.8
42.4
49.4
.028
.032
.037
.033
.037
30.6
35.0
40.9
36.4
40.0
1900
......................
1901
1902
1903
1904.............................
1.492
1.550
1.550
1.588
1.700
83.3
86.5
86.5
88.6
94.9
1.442
1.450
1.450
1.450
1.450
85.6
86.1
86.1
86.1
86.1
25.546
25.021
27.133
26.708
26.200
80.8
79.2
85.8
84.5
82.9
.356
.357
.407
.398
.314
65.9
66.2
75.3
73.7
58.1
.044
.040
.044
.046
.044
$0,033
47.7
43.9
48.1
50.9
48.7
1905.. . .
1906
1907.............................
1908...................
1909...................
1.700
1.700
1.971
2.100
1.917
94.9
94.9
110.0
117.2
107.0
1.450
1.450
1.600
1.650
1.650
86.1
86.1
95.1
98.0
98.0
26.358
30.392
28.704
29.392
32.037
83.4
96.2
90.8
93.0
101.4
.270
.361
.487
.409
.440
50.0
67.0
90.3
75.8
81.6
.040
.054
.049
.037
.032
59.5
80.6
72.6
55.3
47.5
1910 .
...
1911...................
1912...................
1.900
1.750
1.750
106.0
97.7
97.7
1.613
1.650
1.600
95.8
98.0
95.1
33.563
29.767
31.463
106.2
94.2
99.5
.597
.466
110.6
86.3
85.4
.034
.047
.051
51.4
69.8
76.7
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
......................
.
. .
1913..................
1.792
1914.........................
1.800
1915 ...............
1916.............................
1.800
1.838
$0,063
.062
100.0
1
.067
100.0
100.0
1.683
100.0
$5.503
100.0
$18,365
100.0
31.608
100.0
.073
100.5
1.763
104.7
5.523
100.4
21.017
114.4
30.438
96. a
.066
91.4
.062
93.1
103.7
106.3
20.141
20.452
109.1
111.4
31.979
36.682
101.2
116.0
.068
.106
93.9
146.8
.053
.076
79.8
114.0
100.5
102.6
1.813
1.933
107.7
114.9
5.708
5.852
1890 TO 1919.
88.8
80.9
75.3
73.3
70.2
.................
. .
PRICES,
$1,592
1.450
1.350
1.313
1.258
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
dozen.
136
t able
6.066
8.667
12.174
110.2
157.5
221.2
32.368
31.818
38.899
176.2
1733
211.8
48.292
56.350
69.229
152.8
178.3
219.0
.154
.201
.241
211.7
277.4
331.9
.103
.129
.113
153.8
192.2
168.6
1917—January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
1.950
1.950
1.950
2.150
2.150
2.450
108.8
108.8
108.8
120.0
120.0
136.7
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.700
2.700
3.000
130.7
130.7
130.7
160.4
160.4
178.2
5.860
5.750
5.780
5.770
5.810
5.890
106.5
104.5
105.0
104.9
105.6
107.0
28.825
32.500
34.813
38.500
32.700
26.250
157.0
177.0
189.6
209.6
178.1
142.9
45.000
43.500
43.500
44.500
47.000
46.000
142.4
137.6
137.6
140.8
148.7
145.5
.124
.126
.136
.152
.163
.162
170.6
173.9
187.2
209.1
225.2
222.8
.080
.080
.090
.100
.105
.105
119.6
119.6
134.5
149.5
156.9
156.9
July.........
A ugust....
September
October...
November.
December.
2.450
2.450
2.450
2.450
2.750
2.750
136.7
136.7
136.7
136.7
153.5
153.5
3.000
3.000
3.000
3.000
3.000
3.000
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
178.2
5.980
108.7
6.040
109.8
6.090
110.7
6.170 ‘ 112.1
6.750
122.7
6.900
125.4
32.550
30.625
30.156
30.725
33.594
40.333
177.2
166.8
164.2
167.3
182.9
219.6
49.000
51.000
48.000
51.000
55.000
56.000
155.0
161.3
151.9
161.3
174.0
177.2
.144
.149
.161
.179
.183
.186
199.0
205.0
222.5
246.6
252.7
256.7
.100
.095
.100
.120
.130
.130
149.5
142.0
149.5
179.4
194.3
194.3
1918—January...
February.
March.......
April........
May.........
June.........
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
3.250
0)
181.4
181.4
181.4
181.4
181.4
0)
C1)
C1)
0)
C)
(i)
8.080
8.080
8.050
8.060
8.138
8.810
146.8
146.8
146.3
146.5
147.9
160.1
34.550
34.497
33.695
33.478
32.319
32.550
188.1
187 J
183.5
182.3
176.0
177.2
53.500
53.500
53.500
53.500
53.500
53-500
169.3
169.3
169.3
169.3
169.3
169.3
.200
.206
.199
.198
276.1
284.1
274.3
272.4
.125
.122
.120
.125
.130
.128
186.8
182.5
179.4
186.8
194.3
190.6
(i)
(i)
C1)
(i)
C1)
(i)
8.980
9.080
9.130
9-170
9.200
9.219
163.2
165.0
165.9
166.7
167.2
167.6
26.885
30.190
29.754
29.394
29.075
35.839
146.4
164.4
162.0
160.1
158.3
195.1
54.600
54.600
61.500
61.500
61.500
61.500
172.7
172.7
194.6
194.6
194.6
194.6
.126
.130
.138
.140
.135
.125
188.9
194.3
205.8
209.3
201.8
186.8
(l)
(})
10.040
10.070
13.530
13.510
13-720
(i)
182.5
183.0
245.9
245.5
249.3
48.375
39.625
38.438
38.350
37.188
34.063
263.4
215.8
209.3
208.8
202.5
185.5
61.500
61.500
61.500
62.500
62.500
62.500
194.6
194.6
194.6
197.7
197.7
197.7
.250
345.2
.122
.108
.092
.090
.098
.103
181.6
160.7
137.4
134.7
146.9
153.7
37.200
40.938
37.350
36.500
38.000
41.150
202.6
222.9
203.4
198.7
206.9
224.1
72.500
78.000
78.000
73.000
79.000
78.250
229.4
246.8
246.8
231.0
249.9
247.6
.271
.263
.220
.233
.224
.211
374.2
362.1
302.8
321.8
308.3
290.9
.112
.130
.130
.130
.120
.120
167.3
194.3
194.3
193.9
179.4
179.4
July.........
A ugust....
September
October...
November.
December.
C1)
C1)
(1)
C1)
0)
0)
1919r-January...
February.
March......
April........
May.........
June.........
(1)
3.750
3.750
3.750
3.750
3.750
209.3
209.3
2Q9.3
209.3
209.3
J uly.........
A ugust....
September
October...
November.
December.
3.750
3.750
3.750
3.750
3.750
3.750
209.3
209.3
209.3
209.3
209.3
209.3
C1)
0)
C1)
(i)
$
(i)
(l)
(l)
(l)
f1)
V1)
m
(v
«
COMMODITIES,
163.4
IMPORTANT
2.750
0)
C1)
OF
129.8
181.4
209.3
PRICES
2.325
3.250
3.750
AVERAGE
1917......................
1918....'..............
1919......................
3No quotation,
CO
•a
T able 9.—AV ER A G E WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
M
Co
..-
---------- --------
-------------------
- .. — ..........: ~ ....................... ....... ■ -------- ■
Miscellaneous.
Paper.
Year or month.
Lubricating oil:
paraffin.
Malt: standard keg
beer.
Wrapping: manila.
News, print.
Average
price per
bushel.
Rela
tive
price.
1,
average
price per
pound.
1891.
1892.
1893.
1894.
$0,750
.927
.802
.775
.745
96.7
119.5
103.3
99.9
9 6.0
1895.
1896.
1897.
1898.
1899.
.685
.563
.544
.616
.622
1900.
1901.
1902.
1903.
1904.
Series 2,
average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
$0,038
.034
.034
.032
.032
169.8
151.1
151.1
141.3
143.6
$0,058
.058
.056
.058
.058
72.6
70.1
79.4
80.2
.031
.028
.027
.022
.021
136.9
122.2
120.4
97.3
92.9
.654
.745
.793
.725
.676
84.3
9 6.0
102.2
93.4
87.1
.028
.023
.024
.025
.027
1905.
1906.
1907.
1908.
1909.
.615
.647
1.035
.933
.787
79.3
83.4
133.4
120.2
101.4
1910.
1911.
1912.
.887
1.283
1.112
114.3
165.4
143.3
100.0
98.7
Average
price per
gallon.
Rela
tive
price.
1890.
1913.
1914.
1915.
1916.
10.143
.151
100.0
105.8
.147
102.9
140.8
.201
.776
.766
.863
111.3
140.0
Phosphate rock,
Florida land
’pebble, 68 per
cent.
Rope: manila, base
size and larger.
Rubber: Para,
island.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
pound.
117.8
117.8
114.3
118.6
119.7
$0,149
.104
.115
.092
.077
101.8
70.8
78.3
62.6
52.5
$0,838
.791
.676
.717
.674
103.8
98.0
83.8
.059
.059
.059
.046
.044
120.1
120.5
120.5
94.1
89.8
.074
.066
.063
.084
.109
50.1
45.3
43.0
57.4
74.6
.743
.800
.845
.927
.995
92.0
99.1
104.7
114.9
123.3
124.9
100.4
107.6
112.4
118.7
.048
.050
.050
.053
.053
98.4
102.9
101.8
107.8
108.6
.132
.109
.135
.115
.117
90.0
74.4
91.9
78.1
79.8
.850
.727
.905
1.088
121.6
105.3
90.1
112.2
134.7
024
.022
025
.025
.021
107.6
97.3
110.7
110.2
91.1
.053
.050
.051
.050
.048
107.6
102.5
103.7
102.5
97.3
.120
.125
.129
.102
.084
81.5
85.3
87.9
69.2
57.3
1.243
1.213
1.063
.871
1.481
153.9
150.3
131.7
107.9
183.5
.021
.021
.022
91.6
94.2
96.0
100.0
100.0
.048
.048
.049
.087
.101
.123
59.9
59.4
68.7
100.0
84.0
1.908
1.110
1.052
.049
97.3
99.0
100.0
100.0
100.2
.616
236.3
137.6
130.3
100.0
76.3
99.1
130.5
.049
.079
100.2
162.5
.133
.183
90.3
124.4
.557
69.0
.023
.023
.022
$0,021
.027
.049
Average
price per
ton.
' •. =
Rela
tive
price.
3.000
100.0
88.0
2.896
2.750
85.0
80.7
$3,408
.147
.807
82.9
00
.101
.105
.120
207.8
214.8
244.9
2.659
4.226
5.000
78.0
124.0
146.7
.283
.325
.261
193.1
221.8
178.1
.648
.549
.483
80 3
68,0
59.8
1917—January—
February...
March.........
April..........
May............
June............
.215
.215
.215
.215
.215
.215
150.9
150.9
150.D
150.9
150.9
150.9
1.450
1.450
1.490
1.660
1.770
1.715
186.9
186.9
192.0
214.0
228.1
221.0
.103
.106
.106
.106
.106
.106
210.0
217.8
217.8
217.8
217.8
2.125
2.125
2.125
2.125
2.125
2.125
62.3
62.3
62.3
62.3
62.3
62.3
.220
.240
.240
.240
.260
.280
150.0
163.6
163.6
163.6
177.2
190.9
.700
.680
.750
.740
.725
.725
86.7
84.3
92.9
91.7
89.8
89.8
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October--November..
December..
.215
.215
.215
.215
.215
.215
150.9
150.9
150.9
150.9
150.9
150.9
1.740
1.730
1.590
1.470
1.470
1.690
224.3
223.0
204.9
189.5
189.5
217.8
.106
.106
.093
.093
.093
.093
217.8
217.8
189.6
189.6
189.6
189.6
2.931
3.200
3.200
3.200
3.200
3.375
86.0
93.9
93.9
93.9
93.9
99.0
.310
.310
.310
.330
.330
.330
211.3
211.3
211.3
224.9
224.9
224.9
.705
.613
.595
.568
.505
.468
87.3
75.9
73.7
70.3
62.6
57.9
19t 8—January—
February...
March.........
A pril..........
May............
June............
.290
.315
.330
.360
.360
.360
203.5
221.1
231.6
252.6
252.6
252.6
1.700
2.075
2.325
2.045
2.010
2.010
219.1
267.5
299.7
263.6
259.1
259.1
.093
.093
.093
.093
.093
.093
189.6
189.6
189.6
189.6
189.6
189.6
3.375
3.375
3.625
3.625
3.625
3.725
99.0
99.0
106.4
106.4
106.4
109.3
.330
.330
.330
.330
.330
.330
224.9
224.9
224.9
224.8
224.9
224.9
.501
.479
.483
.516
.566
.590
62.0
59.3
59.9
63.9
70.2
73.1
July............
A ugust.......
September..
October--November..
December. .
.360
.356
.340
.340
.340
.340
252.6
249.8
238.6
238.6
238.6
238.6
1.695
1.820
1.970
1.970
218.5
234.6
253.9
253.9
0)
C1)
0)
.105 * 2 i5.2
256.2
.125
.125
256.2
4.250
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
124.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
.330
.330
.330
.330
.330
.282
224.9
224.9
224.9
224.9
224.9
192.2
.590
.590
.590
.572
.570
.548
73.1
73.1
73.1
70.9
70.6
67.9
1919—January—
February...
March.........
April..........
May............
June............
.340
.338
.322
.315
.304
.300
238.6
236.8
226.0
221.1
213.3
210.5
C1)
.135
.123
.123
.118
.115
276.6
252.3
251.0
240.8
235.7
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
5.000
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
146.7
.220
.260
.286
.270
.270
.270
150.0
177.2
195.0
184.0
184.0
184.0
.525
.491
.482
.478
.474
.474
65.0
60.9
59.7
59.2
58.7
58.8
J uly............
A ugust.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
.300
.292
.290
.290
.290
210.5
204.9
203.5
203.5
203.5
205.3
.116
.118
.118
.118
.118
.118
236.7
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
240.8
5.000
5.000
(!)
C1)
146.7
146.7
.270
.259
.256
.254
.255
.258
184.0
176.4
174.5
173.4
173.8
175.5
.475
.475
.480
.483
.483
.479
58.9
58.9
59.4
59.8
59.8
59.3
Q)
0)
1No quotatio
139
198.5
185.6
2 1 7 -8
COMMODITIES.
206.5
252.9
192.1
IMPORTANT
1.602
1.962
1.490
OF
150.9
239.5
214.6
PBICES
.215
.341
.306
AVEEAGE
191 7
191 8
191 9
140
T able 9 .—A V ER AG E W HOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1919—Continued.
Miscellaneous.
Soap: Landry.
Starch: laundry.
Tobacco: plug.
Tobacco: smoking, granulated, 1-ounce bags.
Whisky: Bourbon,
straight, 4 years in
bond, in barrels.
Year or month.
Rela
tive
price.
Average
price per
box of
100
elevenounce
cakes.
Rela Average
tive price per
price. pound.
12 pieces
14§ ounces
to the
Rela to the plug, pound,
tive
average
average
price. price per
price per
pound.
pound.
Rela
tive
price.
Seal of
North
Carolina,
average
price per
pound.
Seal of Blackwell’s
North
Bull
Rela
Durham,
Carolina,
tive
average
average
price per
price per price.
gross of
gross of
bags.
bags.
$0,405
.401
.373
.397
.403
92.0
91.1
84.7
90.2
90.9
$0,500
.500
.500
.500
.500
79.8
79.8
79.8
79.8
79.8
1895.............................
1896.............................
1897.............................
1898.............................
1899.............................
.036
.031
.030
.030
.030
99.5
84.9
82.2
82.2
82.2
.400
.381
.376
.413
.418
90.9
86.5
85.4
93.9
94.9
.500
.500
.500
.530
.560
79.8
79.8
79.8
84.6
89.4
1900.............................
1901.............................
1902.............................
1903.............................
1904.............................
.034
.036
.045
.043
.037
93.1
99.5
124.4
118.1
101.1
.443
.466
.454
.450
.470
100.7
105.9
103.2
102.3
106.8
.560
.560
.559
.570
.583
89.4
89.4
89.3
91.0
' 93.1
1905.............................
1906.............................
1907............................
1908.............................
1909.............................
.033
.037
.040
.043
.043
90.1
100.5
110.7
118.6
117.5
.490
.483
.470
.470
.470
111.4
109.8
106.8
106.8
106.8
.600
.600
.600
.600
.600
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
95.8
1910.............................
1911.............................
1912.............................
.039
.033
.038
106.8
89.0
102.7
.470
.440
.440
106.8
100.0
100.0
.585
.628
.628
100.0
$0.470
93.4
100.2
100.2
$5.157
1913...............................
$3.600
100.0
$2.775
3.600
100.0
2.745
98.9
.470
1914.............................
.039
100.0
$5.640
100.0
106.8
.470
100.0
5.680
100.7
1915.............................
3.600
100.0
2.745
98.9
.040
109.6
.490
104.2
5.760
102.1
.037
100.0
5.145
1919.
101.6
116.7
102.2
100.3
100.3
TO
$0,037
.043
.037
.037
.037
Rela
tive
price.
PRICES, 1890
1890.............................
1891.............................
1892.............................
1893.
1894.............................
F. o. b. at
distillery
in Ken
tucky,
average
price per
gallon.
WHOLESALE
Average
price per
box of
100 bars
(75
pounds).
$2.750
2.750
2.750
100.0
100.0
100.0
.045
.058
.060
.073
.490
.585
.747
.909
104.2
124.4
158.7
193.1
5.760
5.760
8.080
9.176
102.1
102.1
143.3
162.7
2.750
4.583
6.392
7.500
100.0
166.7
232.4
272.7
1917—January..,
February.,
March.......
April....... .
M!ay..........
June.........
3.750
3.750
3.750
3.950
3.950
5.050
104.2
104.2
104.2
109.7
109.7
140.3
3.150
3.150
3.150
3.150
3.812
4.703
113.5
113.5
113.5
113.5
137.4
169.5
.050
.050
.055
.055
.058
.058
.490
.490
.490
.490
.490
.653
104.2
104.2
104.2
104.2
104.2
138.9
5.760
5.760
5.760
5.760
5.760
5.760
102.1
102.1
102.1
102.1
102.1
102.1
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
4.000
145.5
145.5
145.5
145.5
145.5
145.5
5.050
5.050
5.050
5.050
5.050
5.050
140.3
140.3
140.3
140.3
140.3
140.3
4.703
4.703
4.703
4.703
4.703
5.225
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
169.5
188.3
• 058
.066
.065
.063
.063
.063
.653
.653
.653
.653
.653
.653
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
138.9
5.760
5.760
5.760
5.760
5.760
5.760
102.1
102.1
102.1
102.1
102.1
102.1
4.000
4.000
4.000
6.000
6.500
6.500
145.5
145.5
145.5
218.2
236.4
236.4
5.050
5.050
5.250
5.250
5.225
5.225
5.225
5.500
5.500
5.500
188.3
188.3
188.3
198.2
198.2
198.2
.061
.061
.061
.063
.063
.063
.747
.747
.747
.747
.747
.747
158.7
158.7
158.7
158.7
158.7
158.7 ,
6.583
6.583
7.100
7.817
C1)
0)
116.7
116.7
125.9
138.6
5.450
140.3
140.3
145.8
145.8
145.8
151.4
6.500
6.500
6.500
7.000
7.000
7.000
236.4
236.4
236.4
254.5
254.5
254.5
5.500
5.500
5.650
5.750
5.750
5.886
152.8 *
152.8
156.9
159.7
159.7
163.5
5.500
5.500
5.500
5.985
6.215
6.215
198.2
198.2
198.2
215.7
224.0
224.0
.055
.055
.058
(1)
0)
.747
.747
.747
.747
.747
.747
158.7
158.7
158.7
158.7
158.7
158.7
0)
8.928
8.928
8.928
8.928
8.928
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
6.000
5.400
5.400
5.400
7.000
7.000
218.2
196.4
196.4
196.4
254.5
254.5
6.100
5.986
5.576
5.358
5.665
6.003
169.4
166.3
154.9
148.8
157.3
166.8
6.215
6.215
C1)
0)
C1)
.060
0)
.065
.747
.747
.941
.941
.941
.941
158.7
158.7 .
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
8.928
8.928
8.928
8.928
8.928
8.928
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
158.3
7.500
7.500
C1)
(x)
0)
0)
272.7
272.7
5.500
5.502
5.610
224.0
224.0
198.2
198.2
198.3
202.2
6.871
7.200
7.200
7.200
7.200
7.200
190.9
200.0
200.0
6.345
6.600
6.600
6.600
6.600
6.600
228.6
237.8
237.8
237.8
237.8
237.8
<})
(l)
C1)
.077
C1)
.090
.941
.941
.941
.941
.941
.941
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
8.928
8.928
8.928
9.920
9.920
9.920
158.3
158.3
158.3
175.9
175.9
175.9
(l)
C1)
0)
0)
0)
0)
July...............
A ugust..........
September...
October.........
November__
December___
1918—January..,
February.,
March___
April....... .
May..........
June.........
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
1919—January...
February..
March.......
A pril........
May..........
June.........
July............
August.......
September..
October___
November..
December..
200.0
260.0
200.0
5.500
i1)
tation.
141
5.250
COMMODITIES.
102.2
149.7
201.5
221.9
IMPORTANT
2.835
4.154
5.591
6.157
OF
101.0
126.2
151.2
179.5
PRICES
3.638
4.542
5.445
6.463
6
7
8
9
AVEEAGE
.
.
.
.
191
191
191
191
142
T able 9.—AVER AG E WHOLESALE PRICES OF COMMODITIES, 1890 TO 1819-Concluded.
Miscellaneous.
Whisky.
Year or month.
Bourbon: straight, bottled
in bond.
Relative
price.
Average price
per gallon.
Relative
price.
$1,053
1.105
1.076
1.071
1.133
80.0
84.0
81.7
81.4
1895.
.....................................
1896.....................................................
1897.
.........................................
1898
....................................
1899.
.
......................
1.211
94.7
97.7
99.8
97.3
96.4
1905
1906
1907.
1908.
1909
....................
..................
....................................
.
.......................
....................
1.262
1.288
1.313
1.357
1.358
95.9
97.8
99.8
103.1
103.1
1910
....................
1911
...........................................
1912
.
.......................
1913.....................................................
1.325
1.338
1.360
1.316
1.367
912.666
12.000
100.0
100.0
Average price
per 100
pounds.
Relative
price.
1919.
1.246
1.286
1.314
1.281
1.269
.
Relative
price.
TO
1.242
1900.
.....................................
190}.
.....................................
1902.
................................
1903
.......................
1904.....................................................
1.222
F. o. b. at dis
tillery in
Pennsylvania,
average price
per case of 12
quarts.
86.1
92.0
91.4
89.9
92.8
94.4
1.203
1.183
Relative
price.
Wood pulp: sulphite,
domestic, unbleached.
PRICES, 1890
1890.
.....................................
1891.....................................................
1892.
.........................................
1893.
.....................................
1894.
.....................................
F. o. b. at dis
tiller v in
Pennsylvania,
average price
per gallon.
Rye: straight, bottled in
bond.
100.7
101.6
103.3
100.0
103.8
WHOLESALE
F. o. b. at dis
tillery in
Kentucky,
average price
per case of 12
quarts.
Rye: straight, 4 years in
bond, in barrels.
Proof spirits.
$2.133
2.079
100.0
97.5
$8,338
7.992
100.0
95.9
$2,225
2.156
100.0
96.9
2.079
2.150
3.225
6.983
9.744
97.5
100.8
151.2
327.3
456.8
8.067
8.308
11.542
23.083
31. 405
96.8
99.6
138.4
276.9
376.7
2.119
3.815
4.813
3.837
3.522
95.2
171.4
216.3
172.5
158.3
1917—January..............................
February...............................
March.............
April...................................
May..................................
June.......................................
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
12.000
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1.460
1.460
1.485
1.485
1.600
1.820
110.9
110.9
112.8
112.8
121.6
138.3
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
2.200
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.1
103.1
8.500
8.500
8.500
8.500
8.500
8.500
101.9
101.9
101.9
101.9
101.9
101.9
5.375
5.525
5.400
5.475
5.475
5.475
241.6
248.3
242.7
246.1
246.1
246.1
July.......................................
August...................................
September.............................
October..................................
November.............................
December...............................
12.000
15.350
15.350
21.000
21.000
21.000
100.0
127.9
127.9
175.0
175.0
175.0
2.000
2.200
2.300
4.600
4.600
4.600
152.0
167.1
174.7
349.5
349.5
349.5
2.900
2.900
2.900
5.600
5.600
5.600
135.9
135.9
135.9
262.5
262.5
262.5
11.500
11.500
11.500
13.000
20.000
20.000
137.9
137.9
137.9
155.9
239.9
239.9
4.975
4.975
5.375
3.675
3.225
2.800
223.6
223.6
241.6
165.2
144.9
125.8
1918—January.......... .......................
February...............................
March.....................................
April.......................................
May.......................................
June.......................................
21.000
21.000
21.000
22.000
22.000
22.000
175.0
175.0
175.0
183.3
183.3
183.3
4.600
4.600
4.600
4.987
5.813
5.900
349.5
349.5
349.5
378.9
441.6
448.3
5.600
5.600
5.600
7.000
7.500
7.500
262.5
262.5
262.5
328.1
351.6
351.6
20.000
20.000
20.000
24.000
24.000
24.000
239.9
239.9
239.9
287.9
287.9
287.9
2.800
2.800
2.913
3.285
3.594
4.250
125.8
125.8
130.9
147.6
161.5
191.0
July........................................
August...................................
September.............................
October..................................
November.............................
December...............................
22.000
22.000
22.000
22.000
23.200
25.000
183.3
183.3
183.3
183.3
193.3
208.3
5.900
5.900
5.900
5.900
5.900
5.900
448.3
448.3
448.3
448.3
448.3
448.3
7.500
7.500
7.500
7.500
7.500
7.500
351.6
351.6
351.6
351.6
351.6
351.6
24.000
24.000
24.000
24.000
24.500
24.500
287.9
287.9
287.9
287.9
293.9
293.9
4.250
4.325
4.638
4.975
4.500
3.975
191.0
194.4
208.4
223.6
202.2
178.6
1919—January..................................
February...............................
March.....................................
April.......................................
May........................................
June.......................................
25.000
26.357
34.500
34.500
30.581
30.000
208.3
219.6
287.5
287.5
254.8
250.0
5.900
5.900
8.650
8.650
8.650
8.650
448.3
448.3
657.2
657.2
657.2
657.2
7.500
7.964
10.750
10.750
10.750
10.750
351.6
373.3
503.9
503.9
503.9
503.9
24.500
25.930
34.500
34.500
34.500
34.500
293.9
311.0
413.8
413.8
413.8
413.8
3.688
3.500
3.500
3.400
3.375
3.375
165.7
157.3
157.3
152.8
151.7
151.7
3.375
3.563
3.625
3.625
3.625
3.625
151.7
160.1
162.9
162.9
162.9
162.9
July......................................
August...................................
September.............................
October..................................
November.............................
December...............................
0)
0)
0)
0)
(i)
C1)
0(\\
)
(I)
n\
I1)
m
i No quotation.
0)
0)
0)
C1)
0)
0)
*
143
0)
0)
(l)
0)
0)
C1)
COMMODITIES.
105.6
106.9
187.5
417.2
587.6
IMPORTANT
1.390
1.407
2.468
5.492
7.733
OF
100.0
100.0
123.4
184.2
251.3
PRICES
12.000
12.000
14.808
22.100
30.156
AVERAGE
1915.....................
1916.....................
1917............
1918..........
1919....................
146726— 144— 1
C ha r t 12.
144— 2
144-
C h a r t 14.
144— 4
C h art 15.
144-
C h a r t 16.
144— 6
C ha r t 17.
C h a r t 18.
144— 8
C h a r t 19.
144—9
C h a r t 20.
C h a r t 21.
1 4 4 — 11
C ha r t 22.
144— 12
C h a r t 23.
144— 13
C h a rt 24.
C hart 25.
144— 15
C h a r t 26.
144— 16
C h a r t 27.
144— 17
C h a r t 28.
$1— f f l
C hart 29.
144— 19
C h a r t 30.
1920
C h a r t 31.
144— 21
C h art 32.
ZZ— f f l
C h a r t 33.
144— 23
C h a r t 34.
144— -24
C h a r t 35.
144— 25
Chabt 36.
38.
iz — f f l
C h art
144— 28
C h art 39.
144— 29
C h a r t 40.
144— 30
C h a b t 41.
C h art
42.
144— 33
C h a r t 44.
144— 34
C h art 45.
144— 35
C h a b t 46.
»8— m
C h a r t 47.
Chart 48.
C h a rt 49.
144— 39
C h a r t 50.
144— 40
1 4 t4 rr-4 1
C h a r t 12a.
144—42
C h a r t 13a.
144— 43
C h a r t 14a.
144— 44
C h a r t 15a.
Qf — f f X
144— 46
C h a r t 17a
C h a r t 18a.
14 4— 48
C h a k t 19a.
144— 49
C h a r t 20a.
C h a r t 21a.
C h a r t 22a,
144— 52
C h a r t 23a.
144— 53
C h a r t 24a.
144— 54
C h a r t 25a.
C ha r t 26a.
144— 56
C h akt 27a.
144— 57
C h art 28a.
C h a r t "'29a.
144— 59
C h a r t 30a.
C h a r t 31a.
400
375
350
325
300
275
250
225
200
175
150
125
too
50
to
144— 60
75
144— 61
C h a rt 32a.
144— 62
C h a r t 33a.
144— 08
C h a r t 34a.
144— 64
C h a r t 35a.
144-
37a.
144— 66
C h art
144— 67
C h art 38a.
144— 68
C h a r t 39a.
* S'® ,2
3 3 3 5 r « £ ,2
1913
3 s 3 5T ££^
1914
0v3 3 3 3 & £ £ % Z s 7 > & 2 3 3
1915
1916
57^
° * S M »*§
3 3 3
1917
Sfuos
5 -3 5
1918
^
0
$
5 -3
js & £ S 3
1919
3 £*0
o s
144— 69
C h a r t 40a.
144— 70
C h a r t 41a.
144—71
C h a r t 42a.
144— 72
C h art 48a.
144— 78
C h a r t 44a.
144— 74
C h a r t 45a.
144— 75
144— 76
C ha r t 47 a.
C h a r t 48a.
m
375
350
325
300
275
250
ACiO! s u l p h u r i c .
-
M
URIATIC ••••••••#
NITRIC
mmmmmmmm
(Average p r ic e i n 1915 s 1 0 0 .)
225
I
200
A
175
r A.
150
125
i
100
I
75
50
40
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
144— 78
C h a r t 49a.
50a.
144— 79
C h art
144— 8 0
PRICES OF IMPORTANT FOOD COMMODITIES DURING THE
WAR PERIOD.
In the following pages is given a brief survey of price fluctuations
of some of the more important food commodities during the war
period, together with a short discussion of some of the principal
causes influencing prices. The information here presented has been
drawn largely from official sources, supplemented in some instances
by data from trade journals. The prices quoted are in most instances
those on which the monthly and yearly average prices shown on
pages 30 to 143 of this bulletin have been computed.
WHEAT AND FLOUR.
W h e a t (see Charts 15 and 15a, and table, pp. 32, 33).— The opening
of hostilities in Europe late in the summer of 1914 found large stocks
of wheat on hand in all the principal wheat-producing countries of
the world. In the United States the bumper crops of 1913 and 1914
and the consequent large carry-over had operated to keep prices well
below the average for the few preceding years. The outbreak of war
produced for a short time a condition of acute market demoraliza
tion, with wide price variations from day to day. This condition soon
}delded to the influence of the war demand for wheat, combined with
the shutting off of Russian and Roumanian supplies by the closing
of the Dardanelles. In September prices of No. 1 northern spring
wheat in the Minneapolis market averaged $1,136 per bushel, cash,
or 30 per cent above the average for the year 1913. In the Chicago
and Kansas City markets, also, September prices were considerably
higher than in the preceding month. In October prices declined
somewhat, due to competition with Argentina, but advanced again
in November and December. With the prospect of the forcing of
the Dardanelles by the Allies prices weakened in March, 1915, but
quickly recovered in the next month and reached a high peak in
April and May.
The record crop of 1,025,801,000 bushels in 1915 caused prices to
slump in June; however, an advance occurred in July caused by re
ports of poor crops in Argentina and Australia. Sharp declines in Sep
tember resulted from a report of the Allies’ success against the Turks
on the Gallipoli Peninsula, with the prospect of the release of the
immense stores of wheat in southern Russia. With this factor re
moved, prices slowly recovered, although buying on European ac
count continued light.
146726°— 20— Bull. 269-------10
145
146
W H O L E S A L E PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
In contrast to the huge crops of the preceding three years, the
harvest of 1916 yielded only 636,318,000 bushels. This was 38 per
cent below the 1915 crop and 12| per cent belowr the five-year average
from 1910 to 1914. The production of spring wheat was less than
half of that of 1915. However, the large carry-over from the 1915
crop, together with the new crop, made possible an export movement
of 209,438,795 bushels during the 12 months beginning with July,
1916. Early in 1916, after a series of advances, prices declined as
the new crop of winter wheat neared harvest. The lowrest price level
was reached in June and July, when No. 2 hard winter wheat at
Kansas City sold at less than $1 per bushel. The appearance of
black rust in the spring-wheat territory in July, together with a
period of exceptionally hot weather, caused an immediate and rapid
increase in prices at all wheat centers, in some instances doubling in
five months. In November prices reached the highest point attained
since the Civil War period, No. 1 northern spring wheat at Minne
apolis selling above $2 per bushel, cash basis. December prices were
somewhat lowrer, but the year closed with wheat in all the principal
centers selling at prices unequaled in recent years.
During the first twro years of war neutral nations as well as the
Entente Allies had drawn heavily upon the United States for wheat
and flour, but it had also been possible for them to draw upon the
crops of Australia, Argentina, and India. In 1916-17 the growing
scarcity of ocean tonnage necessitated greater dependence on nearer
sources of supply. The result was an extremely close adjustment of
supplies and needs in this country. On July 1, 1917, the carry-over
from the preceding crop amounted to only 51,078,000 bushels, which
was the lowest since 1909. Enormous foreign demand carried prices
steadily up in the first half of 1917. The breaking off of diplomatic
relations with Germany in February caused a temporary break in
wheat prices, but May saw the highest price ever reached on the
American market up to that time, both No. 1 northern spring at
Minneapolis and No. 2 hard winter at Kansas City averaging around
$3 a bushel. These prices were nearly 3 J times the average for 1913.
The prospect of Federal control of food brought prices down some
what in the next thrke months. A presidential proclamation of
August 30, 1917, issued in conformity with the food-control act of
August 10, fixed $2.20 as the basic price for the 1917 crop. This
tlb a s ic p r ic e was for No. 1 northern spring wheat, or its equivalent,
delivered at Chicago, with appropriate premiums or discounts for
higher or lower grades. A schedule of differentials to govern prices
at the different terminal markets was also announced. The prices
established for the 1917 crop were also made applicable to the 1918
crop by an executive order issued on February 21, 1918. A general
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING W AR PERIOD.
141
advance in freight rates, however, necessitated a readjustment in
the Government’s buying basis for the new wheat crop. By the
terms of a new order signed by the President on June 21, 1918, the
guaranteed price for basic” wheats (No. 1 northern spring, No. 1
hard winter, No. 1 red winter, No. 1 durum, and No. 1 hard white)
at Chicago was increased to $2.26 a bushel, with appropriate differ
entials for other grades and markets.6
Following the two short wheat crops of 1916 and 1917, the harvest
of 1918 yielded 565 million bushels of winter wheat and 356
million bushels of spring wheat, or a total of 921 million bushels. This
yield was second only to the record production of 1915. The excellent
yield in 1918 was, however, to a l'arge extent offset by the lack of
carry-over from the previous year and by the urgent need of immense
exports to the starving peoples of Europe. It was therefore most
important that increased planting for a large crop in 1919 should be
encouraged. Accordingly the Government guaranty of $2.26 a bushel
for basic wheat at Chicago was extended to the 1919 crop by presi
dential proclamation in September, 1918. The sudden end of hostilities
in November, however, and the prospect of an early return to normal
conditions, together with the official forecast of an enormous winter
wheat crop, made it appear probable that the market price of wheat
in 1919 would fall considerably short of the price guaranteed to the
grower by the Government. To meet this situation a bill prepared
at the instance of the Food Administration was introduced in the
House of Representatives in February by Congressman Asbury F.
Lever, entitled “ An act to enable the President to carry out the price
guaranties made to producers of wheat of the crops of 1918 and 1919
and to protect the United States against undue enhancement of its
liabilities thereunder.” This measure in somewhat amended form
was enacted into law just before the adjournment of Congress on
March 4. It empowered the President to make such regulations and
to utilize such agencies for the enforcement of this act as might
be found necessary. It authorized him to buy and sell wheat, to fix
prices, and to control exports and imports. It stipulated that the
provisions of the act should remain in force and effect not later than
June 1, 1920, and it appropriated the sum of $1,000,000,000 “ for car
rying out the aforesaid guaranties and otherwise for the purposes of
this act.”
A wheat director was appointed by the President early in April, and
on June 24 proclamations were issued, effective July 1, requiring all
handlers of wheat and its products to operate under license and trans
ferring from the War Trade Board to the wheat director the control
of imports and exports of wheat and flour.
6
F o r a s t a t e m e n t o f p r e m iu m a n d d i s c o u n t w h e a t s a n d p r ic e d i ff e r e n t ia l s fo r d i ff e r e n t m a r k e t s , se e
t h e M o n t h l y L a b o r R e v i e w f o r A u g u s t , 1918, p p . 137-139.
148
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
Prices of wheat rose steadily during the early months of 1919, when
it became apparent that available supplies were going to prove inade
quate before harvest. Late in April No. 1 northern spring wheat
sold above $2.90 a bushel in Chicago and No. 2 red winter sold almost
as high. With the marketing of the large winter wheat crop prices
declined, reaching the lowest level in August and September, when
fluctuations were but little above the price guaranteed by the Gov
ernment. A material shrinkage in the winter wheat harvest, followed
by a partial failure of the spring wheat crop due to rust, blight, and
unfavorable weather, caused prices to advance again in the fall and
winter. In the Chicago and Minneapolis markets December prices
of spring wheat averaged above $3 a bushel, with winter wheat at
Kansas City and Portland, Oreg., also at the highest point of the year.
Export and import embargoes on wheat and wheat flour were ter
minated December 15 under a Presidential proclamation issued in
November. In a published statement the wheat director stated that
pending the reestablishment of international trade in the usual chan
nels the Grain Corporation would continue to sell from its stocks of
wheat and flour to the foreign trade what was not supplied through
private business initiative. The lifting of the embargo permitted
Canadian wheat and wheat flour to enter American markets free of
duty. It was expected that this condition would considerably enlarge
the supply of spring-wheat flour in the United States, which was
relatively light owing to the partial crop failure in the northwest.
F lo u r
(see Charts 21 and 21a, and table, pp. 52-55).—Lake wheat,
flour advanced steadily in price from the opening of the war to May,
1915, with slight recessions in October and March as wheat prices
weakened. In May standard patent flour in the Minneapolis market
averaged around $7.90 a barrel, with correspondingly high prices in
other milling centers. For flour from winter wheat, however, Febru
ary prices were above those of May. A lessened export demand due
to the Dardanelles situation brought prices down in the summer of
1915. In 1916 the flour market continued low in the first half of the
year, standard patents at Minneapolis selling at $5.50 per barrel in
June. The prospective wheat shortage sent prices upward after July,
and in November standard patent flour at Minneapolis was quoted
as high as $10.50 per barrel, an increase of 90 per cent. Minor price
fluctuations were caused by peace rumors in December and by embar
goes on railway shipments east in January, 1917, but prices on the
whole continued upward until the high peak was reached in May, when
patent flour averaged around $14.50 per barrel in the leading markets.
With the decline of wheat prices in the summer of 1917, due to the
prospect of Government control of food, flour prices also declined.
After the passage of the food-control act in August the machinery
devised for the control of the wheat and flour trade was the first to
AVEEAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING WAR PERIOD.
149
be set in motion. On August 12 the Food Administration announced
its intention to open agencies at the principal terminal markets for
the purchase of all wheat that would be offered. It was planned to
resell wheat to the flour millers and for export in limited quantities.
It was also announced that all mills of over 100 barrels daily capacity
would be required to take out a Federal license. This limit was sub
sequently reduced to 75 barrels. The incorporation of the United
States Food Administration Grain Corporation, designed as the agency
for the purchase of wheat at terminal markets and for the control of
exports to allied and neutral nations, was announced on August 14.
Through the milling division, composed of representative millers of
the country, a voluntary agreement was entered into with the Food
Administration by several hundred millers for the regulation of the
industry. Among other things this agreement provided that the mills
should'not pay a higher price for wheat than the fair price adopted
by the Food Administration for Government purchases; that an ade
quate supply of wheat should be guaranteed to the mills; that the
millers should operate their mills at a profit not to exceed 25 cents
per barrel on flour; that they should make a return upon oath of their
profits during each month; that they should not contract to sell flour
more than 30 days in advance; that they should not store more than
30 days' supply of wheat without the permission of the Food Admin
istration; and that all export sales of flour should be apportioned over
the entire milling trade.
The effect of the limitation of mill profits fco 25 cents per barrel on
flour was that prices in most parts of the country were kept approxi
mately on the basis of the Government price of wheat. During the
period of speculation in the spring of 1917, before Government control
became effective, flour prices had ranged from $12’ to $16 a barrel at
the mill door. Under the control established by the Food Adminis
tration prices were reduced to a figure ranging from $10 to $11 at
most mills. Mill feed prices, however, continued high, reflecting the
high cost of feeding stuffs generally. In December rules were pro
mulgated fixing maximum prices for mill feeds, based on the cost of
wheat at the mill door. A new rule governing the ratio of extraction
of flour and feed was also announced at this time. Under this rule
the amount of wheat that might be used in making a barrel (196
pounds) of flour was reduced from a maximum of 285 pounds for the
better grades, as adopted in August, to a maximum of 264 pounds
for the same grades, with appropriate differentials for the lower
grades. The same rule, which became effective December 25, 1917,
prohibited the separation of flour into several grades, as patents,
clears, straights, etc., and provided that not more than 5 per cent
of “ low-grade” might be removed from the flour as ground and that
the remaining 95 per cent must be sold as uniform “ straight” flour.
150
W H O LE S A LE PRIC ES, 1890 TO 1919.
Effective in March, 1918, all flour had to be made 100 per cent
straight flour.
With the beginning of the new milling year, July 1, 1918, a more
direct plan of price control for flour and feed was adopted. Prices
were established at principal seaboard points and from these the
prices at interior points were worked out by deducting freight charges.
Subsequently, fair prices were established at every mill point in the
United States, reasonable allowance above the cost of wheat being
made for handling, milling expenses, and profit. Regulations effec
tive September 1, 1918, were formulated by the Food Administration
which provided for the preparation and marketing of mixed flours
containing 20 per cent of grain other than wheat. These u Victory
flours” could be sold without substitutes, but at no greater price
from the miller, wholesaler, or retailer than in the case of standard
wheat flour. In cases where straight wheat flour was sold by retailers,
it was provided that one-fourth as much of other cereal flour must be
sold coincidentally.
All restrictions on the use of wheat flour in baking were removed
b y the Food Administration under date of November 13, 1918. Mill
ing regulations were revoked December 17. Relaxation of these
regulations was the direct result of the armistice, which made
the high seas again safe for commerce and at the same time per
mitted many ships to be released for the transport of wheat from
the accumulated supplies in India, Australia, and Argentina. Under
the new program accumulated stocks of substitute cereals were to be
cared for, the coarse grains to be used primarily for animal feed, and
substitutes which do not find a ready sale by millers or dealers to be
purchased by the Food Administration Grain Corporation.
According to the weekly figures of the Grain Corporation, the total
output of wheat flour by United States mills in the calendar year
1919 was approximately 132 million barrels, as compared with 111
million barrels in 1918. Exports were estimated at above 23 million
barrels. This figure was somewhat in excess of that for 1918, and
greatly in excess of exports for any previous year. Flour prices
during the year naturally followed quite closely those of wheat. In
January, although the Grain Corporation bought no flour for export,
the domestic demand was such as seriously to tax the available
supply of wheat and resulted in the Grain Corporation selling wheat
from its stocks to millers. In February and March heavy purchases
for export were made and prices began to go up, reaching high levels
in May.
The announcement of the Grain Corporation in April that only first
clears and “ victory ” mixed flour would be bought for export helped
to dispose of stocks left over from 1918, but did not add to the supply
of wheat available for milling. Further curtailment of purchases
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING W AR PERIOD.
151
for export appear to have had little effect on prices, and it was not
until the prospect of a large winter wheat crop began to be realized
that substantial declines occurred. After July the Grain Corporation
again began buying wheat and flour in large quantities, and by early
fall had accumulated much larger stocks than were needed for export
demands. An offer to sell export grade flour to jobbers in carload
lots on the basis of $10.25 a barrel was made in October, but the
demand was for patents, not export straights, and the offer had no
appreciable result. It was then decided, in view of the popular de
mand for reduced prices of food stuffs, to offer the soft winter straight
flour at retail direct to the consumer. The plan called for the sale of
this flour in 12J-pound packages at about 78 cents and in 244-pound
paper sacks at $1.55. The demand for patent flour continued to
increase, however, and prices at the end of the year were but little
below those prevailing in the spring of 1917 before Government price
control was instituted.
CORN AND MEAL.
C o r n
(see Charts 13 and 13a, and table, pp. 30, 31).— During the
first two years of war prices of corn in the United States fluctuated
in a fairly normal manner, ranging from about 65 to 80 cents a
bushel for contract grades in the Chicago market. In 1914 the
merchantable crop was over 2 \ billion bushels, which was consid
erably above the 1913 production. The total production in 1915
was greater than in 1914, but the merchantable amount was some
what less. In the North Central States continued and excessive
rains, together with an early frost, reduced the quantity and seri
ously impaired the quality of the crop, rendering it not only
deficient in volume but in feeding value as well. The quality of
the crop was very good in the South, where it was raised to an
extent never known before.
Trading in corn was unusually active in the early months of 1915
and values remained high throughout the spring and summer. Cash
corn reached its highest level in the first week of August, when it
sold at 80i to 80^ cents per bushel in Chicago. The lowest point
for cash corn, 60J to 61 cents, was reached in October. From this
point prices advanced sharply until the close of the year.
Drought and extreme heat cut down the yield of corn in 1916
below the figure for the preceding year, but the merchantable crop
was estimated as being 2 per cent greater than in 1915. While
slight price declines took place in the first half of the year, the
second half witnessed marked advances, reflecting the increase in
the price of wheat. Cash corn of contract grade in Chicago reached
its highest level for the year in the last week of October, when it
sold at $1.05 to $1.06 per bushel. The lowest point for the year,
70 to 70J cents per bushel, was reached near the end of May.
152,
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
The year 1917 is considered the most spectacular in the history
of the corn trade. While a large crop was produced, the total
amount of merchantable com was the smallest of the 6-year period,
1912-1917, being only 60 per cent as compared with 84 per cent
for the previous crop. The amount shipped out of counties where
produced, however, was the largest of the 6-year period, being esti
mated at 692 million bushels. Prices increased by leaps and bounds
until in July they were 200 per cent above the prewar level. Sev
eral causes contributed to this situation, among them being the
small available supply of corn, the increased quantity fed to hogs
and other live stock, the demand by distillers for corn before the
proposed increase in the tax on distilled spirits or the prohibition
of their manufacture for beverage purposes became effective, the
effect on the market in this country of the failure of the crop in
Argentina, and the increased demand for corn products resulting
from the short wheat crop of 1916. Prices weakened somewhat
in August, with the prospect of an abundant harvest, but reacted
strongly in September, when No. 3 mixed sold at Chicago for over
$2 a bushel, a price never before attained in the American market.
High levels were maintained in the next two months, but prices
in December were considerably lower.
During 1918 price levels in general tended downward. In the
first three months of the year cash com of contract grades averaged
about $1.75 per bushel at Chicago, but decreased to $1.60 in June.
Small increases were recorded in the next two months, followed
by further declines from September to N ovem ber. The N ovem ber
price averaged $1.35, while a slight increase was recorded in D e
cember.
A ccording to estimates of the Department of Agriculture, the
corn crop of 1919 exceeded that of the year before both in quantity
and in value and was above the average for the years 1913 to 1917.
Early prospects were none too promising and com prices showed a
strong upward trend in the first eight months of the year. In
August cash corn of contract grades sold above $2 a bushel in
Chicago. The difficulty in getting the grain to market in suitable
quantities, owing to lack of adequate transportation facilities, is
believed to have been a factor in keeping prices at high levels. The
action of the Food Administration in maintaining a minimum price
on hogs in the early months of the year is said to have been an
im portant market influence. W ith the harvesting of the heavy new
crop prices broke violently, spot com selling as low as $1.33 in
September. A gradual recovery brought prices at the end of the
year to a level above that prevailing at the beginning.
M e a l
(see Charts 22 and 22a, and table, pp. 58, 59).— It is esti
mated that only about 3 per cent of the com crop under normal
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING WAR PERIOD.
153
conditions is manufactured into corn meal. Of the remainder,
about 85 per cent is fed to hogs and other animals, about 2 per
cent is converted into starch and glucose, about 1 per cent into
hominy and grits, about one-hrdf of 1 per cent is used as seed, about
2 per cent is exported, and about 5 per cent is wasted;7 about H per
cent was formerly used in the manufacture of beer and distilled spirits.
These proportions vary somewhat from year to year according to
the size of the crop, the quantity utilized for industrial purposes, how
ever, remaining fairly constant. Throughout the period under review
corn-meal prices followed closely fluctuations in the price of com,
with a widening differential after the .spring of 1917 until near the
close of the next year. A t the end of 1918 this differential was
still somewhat greater than in prewar months.
In 1914 white meal at Terre Haute averaged $1.74 a hundred
pounds, which was about 14 cents above the'average for 1913.
The highest price for the year ($2 a hundred pounds) was reached
in August before the new corn crop was harvested. Prices in 1915
were somewhat below those of the year before, due to the abundant
harvests. Prices at Terre Haute advanced to $2.51 a hundred
pounds in November, 1916. With the growing cost of wheat
flour and the use of corn meal as a substitute phenomenal increases
were recorded in 1917, the price rising to $5.56 a hundred pounds
in August. This was the highest peak reached during the war
period, although the price in April, 1918, was almost as high ($5.35).
In November, 1918, the price dropped to $3.02 a hundred pounds.
In 1919 prices advanced with rising corn prices, reaching $4.49 in
July. As the new corn crop came on the market, meal declined,
falling below $3 in October but reacting slightly in the closing
months of the year.
OTH ER GRAINS.
O a ts
(see Charts 14 and 14a, and table, pp. 30, 31).— Next to wheat
and corn, oats rank highest with respect to farm value among the
cereals grown in the United States. A large proportion of the crop,
about 70 per cent, is fed to live stock on the farms where produced.
It is estimated that about 2 per cent-is normally consumed as food.
During the war period the encouragement given to the use of oats as
a substitute for wheat caused a large increase in its consumption as
an article of food. Following the outbreak of war in 1914, the price
of oats rose sharply, with a slight decline in October as the new crop
came on the market. In the winter and spring prices advanced
until they were 50 per cent above the average for 1913. This largo
increase was probably due to the small carry-over from the preceding
crop year. Large exports to belligerent countries in the spring of
7
S ee B u l le t i n N o . 10, W a r I n d u s t r ie s B o a r d ,
B r u n in g , W a s h i n g t o n , 1919.
“ P r ic e s o f
C orn a n d C o m
P r o d u c t s ,”
b y H a rry F .
154
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
1915 were also a factor in keeping prices at high levels. The quality
of the 1915 crop, particularly in the Central Western States, was
below the average owing to damaging rains at harvest time. The
prospect of a record yield, however, caused a decline in prices, the
downward tendency continuing until the wet weather at harvest
time produced another advance. The large carry-over from 1915
offset to a considerable extent the shrinkage in the 1916 crop, and
supplies were said to be ample at all times. Prices moved erratically
in the early months of the year, touching the low point of 38§ cents
per bushel for contract grades in Chicago early in July. From this
point prices advanced until a maximum of 56 cents was reached in
November. The declaration of war in April, 1917, caused an imme
diate advance in prices, the average for May being about 10 cents
above the March average for cash oats in the Chicago market. A
decline of 17 cents a bushel from July to September, 1917, was co
incident with the abundant harvest of that year. This slump was
followed by an immediate and sharp advance, until in March, 1918,
cash oats of contract grades averaged over 92 cents a bushel in Chi
cago. From March prices declined gradually, fluctuating within nar
row limits until the end of the year. Among the factors operating
to reduce prices were the adequate supplies on hand in this country,
the indications of a large crop, and the decreased demand for export
following the signing of the armistice in November.
The yield of oats in 1919 was below normal. High temperature in
June and lack of sufficient rainfall cut down production sharply from
the early estimates. The crop was also deficient in weight. During
the first part of the year oats were comparatively low in price, but
increased somewhat in the spring and summer. The lowest price of
the year, 54 cents per bushel, was reached in the Chicago spot market
in January. The highest price, 89 cents, was recorded in December.
The large crop of corn and hay probably served to check price ad
vances somewhat.
B a r le y
(see table, pp. 30, 31).— Like other cereals, barley prices
fluctuated widely during the period under review. From August to
December, 1914, only minor variations took place. In 1915 prices,
while showing a downward tendency after the early part of the year
as a result of the prospects for an exceptionally large crop, were con
siderably above the prices reported for 1914. The highest price
level was reached early in Februar}^, at the time that trading in wheat
was most active, standard-grade malting barley selling at 85 to 88
cents per bushel in the Chicago market. The lowest point of the
year 1915 was reached in September, when the same grade sold at 53
to 55 cents a bushel. The barley crop of 1916 was below the average.
During the first half of the year prices showed a downward tendency,
but reacted sharply in the second half as the shortage in stocks
AVERAGE PRICES OE CO M M OD ITIES D U R IN G W A R PERIOD.
155
became apparent. In November standard malting barley sold at
$1.14 to $1.21 per bushel in Chicago. Throughout 1917 prices re
mained at high levels, the peaks being reached in May and December.
The production for the year was considerably greater than in 1916,
but less than the 1915 crop. In March, 1918, barley prices reached
their highest peak, averaging above $2 a bushel in Chicago. This
increase was due largely to war demand and to the increased use
of barley flour and feed. With the harvesting of the record crop of
1918, prices rapidly declined, reaching the low level of 95 cents a
bushel in December. The lessened demand for malt following the
limitation of beer manufacture in July and the presidential procla
mation of September 16 entirely prohibiting brewing after December
1, 1918, probably contributed materially to the lowered price of barley
late in the year.
The barley crop of 1919 was considerably below the average for
preceding years. In the early months of the year prices continued
to be depressed by the prohibition legislation, but grew stronger as
supplies began to diminish. December prices were well above the
average for 1918. Considerable malt was sold for export, and feed
ing of barley was above normal in many sections.
Rye (see table, pp. 32, 33).— R ye prices rose rapidly from the
beginning of the war in August, 1914. In July No. 2 cash rye in
Chicago averaged about 61f cents a bushel. The average for August
was above 79 cents and for December nearly $1.10 a bushel. The
highest level ever recorded up to that time was reached in February,
1915, when No. 2 cash in track lots sold at $1.30 per bushel. After
February prices declined until the low point for the year was reached
in September, the quotation on No. 2 cash being 92 to 94 cents. The
production of rye in 1915 was considerably in excess of the crop of
any previous year. The carry'-over to 1916 kept prices at compara
tively low levels in the first half of that year, but rapid advances took
place after July. In June, 1917, notwithstanding the prospect of
a record crop, the high peak of over $2.40 a bushel was reached for
No. 2 rye in the Chicago market. Largely because of the possibility
o f increased sales in Europe, together with an increased consumption
in this country, production of rye did not keep pace with the demand
during this period. Purchases made b y the Food Administration Grain
Corporation for shipment to allied countries absorbed a large portion of
the surplus crop and kept prices at high levels during the latter part of
the war. In March, 1918, No. 2 rye sold in Chicago at the high point
of $2.92 a bushel. Rye-flour prices follow ed about the same course
as rye, the Minneapolis average for pure, medium straight flour in
March being $13.11, an increase of 320 per cent over the 1913 average.
In the late months of 1918 rye and rye flour decreased about 44 per
cent and 33 per cent, respectively, below the average for March.
156
W H O LE SA LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
The record crop of 1918, together with the restriction of exports,
tended to lower prices in the second half of the year.
Rye production was somewhat smaller in 1919 than in 1918,
although the acreage was larger. Prices averaged lower than in either
of the two preceding years. Demand did not come up to expecta
tions, domestic consumers showing a decided preference for wheat,
and foreign business being hampered by the low rate of exchange.
Conditions improved somewhat in the closing months of the year with
the higher price of wheat and greater export trade. Based on quo
tations for Tuesday of each week cash rye in Chicago averaged highest
($1.74 per bushel) in April and lowest ($1.37 per bushel) in February.
R ic e
(see table, pp. 66, 67).— Before the entry of the United States
into the war prices of rice fluctuated at low levels as compared with
other foodstuffs. In 1914 Honduras head rice averaged a little over
5 cents a pound in the New Orleans market, wdth a decline toward the
end of the year. In 1915 prices were quite stable and averaged only
4f cents a pound. The production of rice in 1915 was considerably
larger than in either of the two preceding years, in w^hich record crops
were harvested. The 1916 crop was 45 per cent larger than that of
1915, and the average for Honduras rice in New Orleans was only a
little over 4^ cents a pound. There were only slight fluctuations in
prices during the year. Prices continued low through the first three
months of 1917, but increased slightly in April. Following the declara
tion of war prices of all kinds of rice rose rapidly. Between March
and May, 1917, Honduras rice increased 47 per cent and Blue Rose
rice 77 per cent in price. Except for slight declines in some months
prices continued to advance until July, 1918, when both varieties aver
aged nearly 9J cents a pound in New Orleans. The harvesting of an
abundant crop in 1917 appears to have had little effect in reducing
prices. The increasing use of rice as a substitute for wheat wTas
undoubtedly an important factor in the situation.
The manufacture of rice flour, which formerly had been of little
commercial importance, increased to a large extent during this period.
With the demand for rice flour for mixing with wheat and rye flours
mills began grinding the whole kernels or head rice instead of only
broken rice and screenings. The resulting demand caused a shortage
of available supplies and prices advanced rapidly. In view of this
situation the Food Administration arranged with representatives of
the trade for an equitable distribution of the 1918 crop among millers
on the basis of their average receipts during the three preceding
seasons. Valuation committees were named in the various producing
areas and all rice was bought at the valuation and on the grades fixed
by these committees. By agreement millers pledged themselves not
to sell clean rice at a higher price than 7§ cents a pound for choice
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING WAR PERIOD.
157
Japan to 9J cents for fancy Honduras. The result was a generally
stabilized market during the second half of 1918.
Prices in 1919 averaged about 1^ cents a pound higher than in 1918.
Blue Rose head rice showed little variation in the first half of the year,
but suddenly increased to high levels in the summer, selling at 13J
cents a pound in New Orleans in August as compared with 7f cents
in January. In the same time Honduras head rice increased from 9J
to 14J cents a pound. In September prices decreased somewhat, but
continued at relatively high levels during the remainder of the year.
LIVE STOCK AND M EATS.
C a ttle
(see Charts 17 and 17a, and table, pp. 34-37).—During
the first six months of 1914 live cattle prices varied little from the
average of the previous year. In Chicago ,good to choice corn-fed
steers ranged from $8.50 to $9 per hundredweight, as compared with
an average of $8.50 in 1913. With the uncertain conditions brought
about by the beginning of war the average rose to about $9.75 in
September, but fell below $9 by the end of the year. During the first
five months of 1915 prices of cattle were strongly influenced by the
epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease, which covered a wide area and
caused a quarantine tie-up of many feed yards in the Middle West.
A recurrence of the plague later in the year had a decided influence
on prices in the fall months. Since cattle could not be shipped out
of the restricted areas and local demand was insufficient to take care
of the excess, prices suffered severely. The lowest point for the year
was reached in April, when good to choice steers in Chicago sold at
$7.70 to $8 per 100 pounds. Prices averaged higher in the next three
months, but the embargo on the eastern movement of cattle for
slaughter purposes caused another decline in September. Low prices
continued through the rest of the year, but in 1916 war demand sent
all grades of cattle to new high levels. Packers were behind in Army
contracts much of the time, which fact kept values up in the face of
heavy marketing in the last half of the year due to the drought, which
caused a partial failure of the corn crop and threw thousands of young
cattle into packers’ hands that would otherwise have been reserved
for the 1917 supply. Steady advances continued to September, 1917,
when good to choice steers in the Chicago market were quoted as
high as $16.50 per 100 pounds. Rumors of an impending railroad
strike, together with a reduced consumption of meats due to pre
vailing high prices, caused a decline in the winter of 1917-18. Further
advances occurred in the summer and fall of 1918, good to choice steers
averaging above $18 and choice to prime heavy beeves above $19 per
100 pounds in Chicago. In December these two grades of cattle
averaged $18.36 and $19.84 per hundredweight, respectively.
158
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
Reports of the Department of Agriculture show that the number
of cattle inspected for slaughter increased from 6,978,578 head in
1913 to 11,829,540 in 1918, or over 69 per cent. Keceipts of cattle at
seven leading markets in 1918 were 15 per cent greater than in 1917
and 39 per cent greater than in 1916. In spite of these increases the
highest prices ever paid in the history of the Chicago market up to
that time were recorded during the year.
While 1918 was generally regarded as a remarkable year in the
live-stock market, 1919 was in som e respects even more remarkable.
Developments of the year carried prices to the highest levels ever
recorded and brought to light conditions that will probably continue
to influence prices for some time to come. Cattle marketed through
out the year were younger than in previous years and the propor
tion of calves was unusually large. A noticeable feature was tho
lack o f heavy cattle averaging over 1,500 pounds. In the Chicago
market the shrinkage in average weight was said to run from 100 to
200 pounds. Disastrous droughts in the W est during the summer
and high feeding costs caused a flow of light unfinished cattle to the
market, the total m ovem ent from the western ranges surpassing all
previous records. Only a small proportion of good to choice animals
were among the arrivals in 1919, resulting in keener com petition for
select cattle and sending prices for that class to higher levels in con
sequence. It is estimated that a normal supply of heavy beef steers
ready for slaughter will not b e available in the United States for a
period of several years.
The prices paid for native beef cattle at the beginning of 1919 were
among the highest ever recorded. Little change in the price level
took place until early summer when, coincident with the withdrawal
of the Governm ent from the market as a buyer, a heavy slump in
prices occurred. In June choice to prime heavy beeves in Chicago
averaged below $16 and good to choice steers below $15.50 per 100
pounds. A sharp recovery took place in July, prices on these grades
continuing to fluctuate at relatively high levels to the end of the year.
F r e s h
b e e f
(see Charts 24 and 24a, and table, pp. 58-61).— A c
cording to data from the Food Administration production of dressed
beef in the United States increased 63J per cent from 1913 to 1918.
In the same period exports increased over 7,000 per cent. The net
supply in this country was 55 per cent greater in 1918 than in 1913.
Prices in 1918, however, averaged from about 65 to 70 per cent above
the 1913 prices. The large price increases have been due largely to
the unprecedented demand for meat products of all kinds in the past
several years as a result of general prosperity at home and heavy
buying by foreign Governments, together with the great increase in
the cost of feeding stuffs of all kinds. Prices of fresh carcass beef in
Chicago fluctuated around 13 cents a pound in the latter part of 1913
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURHsTG WAR PERIOD.
159
and up to the spring of 1914, but advanced in the summer and fall to
above 14 cents. In the spring of 1915 they dropped to I l f cents,
due to general business depression, quarantines established to check
the spread of foot-and-mouth disease, and embargoes on cattle ship
ments to eastern points. During the latter part of the year there
was increased market activity resulting from the general revival of
business and large purchases of meat products by the Allies. Prices
rose to 13J cents in the fall and winter months. Except for a slight
rise in the summer, little change in prices took place in 1916.
After February, 1917, prices rose rapidly, carcass beef in Chicago
touching 19 cents in September. A decline to 17J cents occurred
in the early months of 1918, due to large receipts of cattle and heavy
slaughtering, but in April prices reacted and attained 24J cents in
the fall and winter. This was the highest price ever recorded up to
that time in the Chicago market. No change in the price level took
place until late in May, 1919, when a slight drop occurred. A sharp
decrease followed in June, with the drop of cattle prices, carcass beef
in Chicago falling to 19 cents a pound. A reaction to 23J cents took
place in August and prices remained quite stable during the rest of
the year.
Hogs (see Charts 18 and 18a, and table, pp. 36, 37).— The num
ber of hogs inspected for slaughter increased from 34,198,585 in 1913
to 41,214,151‘in 1918, or over 20 per cent. A ccording to official esti
mates the inspected slaughter comprises about 59 per cent of the
total slaughter for the country. Prices in 1918 and 1919 were m ore
than double those of 1913. R eceipts for 1913 were the largest in
five years, but demand continued firm and prices were well above
those of the year before, heavy hogs in Chicago averaging $8.37 per
100 pounds. In 1914 prices rose slightly with the beginning of
war, but fell below $7 in the early part of 1918. H og prices in 1915
were in the main unfavorable to the raiser. Liberal receipts and
uncertain demand com bined to depress values, the general average
for all grades in the Chicago market for the year being estimated
at $7.10 per hundredweight, which was the lowest since 1911 and
$1.20 below the average for 1914. Light weights were numerous in
the late months of the year, due to the poor corn crop in many sec
tions of the country. This apparently was the reason for the low
prices of light hogs as compared with the heavy grade in the latter
part of the year. The lowest averages for the year were for December,
the figures for light hogs being approxim ately $6.25 and for heavy
hogs $6.60 per hundredweight. Decem ber receipts at Chicago were
said to be larger than for any other m onth in the history of the trade.
H og receipts in 1916 were considerably above those in 1915.
While numbers were unprecedented, weight was deficient. A t
Chicago the average weight for the year was given as 210 pounds,
160
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
against 219 pounds for the previous year. This was said to be due
to free marketing of pigs early in the year, owing to the high cost of
corn. Prices increased materially during the year, the average for
both light and heavy grades in September being above $10.75 per
hundredweight. Notwithstanding the very high prices, packers
experienced an unusually good year owing to the immense demand
for hog products at home and abroad. R eceipts in 1917 were much
smaller than in 1916, and prices advanced sharply. From an aver
age of $10.60 in January, light hogs in Chicago rose to $18.42 per
hundredweight in September. Prices declined $2 per hundredweight
during the severe winter and railroad tie-up of 1917-18, but advanced
again after January and attained a maximum in September, when
heavy hogs averaged $19.73 and light hogs $20.07 per hundredweight
in Chicago. In October, 1918, an agreement was entered into by the
Food Administration and the hog packers fixing a minimum of $17.50
per 100 pounds as the price to be paid during N ovem ber for the
average of packers’ droves, excluding throw-outs. It was further
agreed that no hogs of any kind, except throw-outs, should be bought
at less than $16.50 per 100 pounds. These prices were adhered to
during the remainder of 1918 and until March 5, 1919, when they
were removed.
The receipts of hogs in 1919 were only a little below those of the
year before and were the second largest on record. During the spring
months Government purchases and foreign needs continued large and
prices were at high levels. Im m ediately after the removal of the
minimum price in March, the Chicago market advanced $1 per
hundredweight, both light and heavy hogs late in the m onth selling
from $19.40 to $19.85 per 100 pounds. In July hog prices reached
their maximum, when sales were made as high as $23 a hundred
weight. A fter July prices declined until an average of $13.68
was reached in December. This was the lowest price level recorded
since early in 1917. The average quality in 1919 was good and the
average w eight about the same as the year before.
P o r k p r o d u c t s (see Charts 23 and 23a, and table, pp. 58-63).— Pork
products of all kinds, like live hogs, doubled in price in the period
from 1914 to 1919. Unprecedented levels were reached in the summer
of 1919. In 1914 prices averaged slightly higher than in 1913, al
though lard was cheaper. In 1915 most meat products were lower in
price than in 1914. The domestic meat trade for the first half of the
year was somewhat smaller in volume than usual on account of the
prevailing dullness of business. During the latter part of the year
there was increased activity due to the larger fresh-meat requirements
for local consumption and the general revival of business throughout
the country. In 1916 prices of all hog products ruled higher than in
any preceding year. Exports of bacon, ham, and salt pork showed
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING WAR PERIOD.
161
great increases over prewar figures. Dressed pork also was exported
in large quantities. During 1917 prices continued to increase until
the peak was reached in the last three months of the year. In
October short clear side bacon averaged over 32 cents a pound in
Chicago, an increase of 152 per cent over the average price in 1913.
Prime contract lard was highest in November, when it averaged
nearly 28 cents a pound in New York, an increase of 153 per cent
over the 1913 average. Hams in Chicago and salt mess pork in New
York were at the highest point in December, selling at 30.2 cents a
pound and $52.75 a barrel of 200 pounds, respectively. These two
products rose to still higher price levels in 1918, salt pork averaging
$53.20 a barrel in April and hams 36.7 cents a pound in December.
Fresh pork also was very high in 1918.
In 1919, however, all previous price records were smashed by the
advances that took place in pork products during the summer months.
Prime contract lard in New York averaged above 35 cents a pound in
July. Salt mess pork in the same market reached $60 a barrel late in
the month. Clear side bacon in Chicago was quoted as high as 34^
cents a pound and rough sides as high as 31J cents a pound in July.
Hams averaged above 38 cents a pound from June to August, and
fresh pork loins in September also touched 38 cents a pound. Prices
of all pork products steadily receded in the fall months, reaching the
lowest level of the year in December. Exports of pork and pork
products in 1919 were the largest in history, both in bulk and in
value. The heavy exports to allied and neutral countries throughout
the war period could hardly have failed to influence prices in this
country.
S h e e p
a n d
la m b s
(see table, pp. 36, 37).— Unlike cattle and hogs,
the number of sheep inspected for slaughter decreased in the period
from 1913 to 1917. In 1913 the number was 14,405,748 head.
From 14,229,342 head in 1914 the inspected slaughter dropped to
9,344,994 head in 1917, increasing, however, to 10,273,136 head in
1918 and 12,651,803 head in 1919. The inspected slaughter of sheep
is estimated at about 77 per cent of the total slaughter for the coun
try. Imports of sheep have varied widely, increasing from 15,000
head in 1913 to 236,000 head in 1916 and falling to 150,000 head in
1918, but increasing again to 226,000 head in 1919. Exports dropped
from 187,000 head in 1913 to only 8,000 head in 1918, but increased
to 34,500 head in 1919.
Like other food animals, sheep and lambs doubled in price in the
period 1914-1919. The average for com m on to best fed wethers
in Chicago was $5.83 per hundredweight in 1914, which was slightly
above the 1913 average. Plain to fancy ewes averaged slightly
above $5 per 100 pounds and good to prime lambs above $8 per
146726°— 20— Bull. 269-------11+ 12
162
W H O L E S A L E PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
100 pounds in 1914. Receipts of sheep and lambs in 1915 were
considerably below those of the year before. The quality, however,
was said to be better than ever before. From January to April there
was a steady rise in the values of all sheep and lambs in the Chicago
market, the averages for April being the highest of the year. Prices
of all classes showed another upward tendency during the last three
months of 1915. In 1916 prices ruled much higher than in the pre
ceding year, notwithstanding increased receipts. A steady rise in
average monthly values in Chicago took place from January to May.
In June prices declined, but rose again in the fall and winter months.
In May, 1917, fed wethers rose to $14.95, and ewes to $13.97 in
Chicago, while lambs averaged $18.61 per hundredweight. These
were the high points of the year. Seasonal declines took place after
May, but prices remained above the high level of the preceding year,
due to decreased supplies. Record prices for the war period were
reached in April, 1918, when plain to fancy ewes in Chicago aver
aged $14.95, common to best fed wethers $16.23, and good to prime
lambs $20.42 per 100 pounds, respectively. From this level prices
declined from 30 to 40 per cent by the end of the year. In 1919
sheep prices reacted and again attained high levels in March and
April. At no time, however, did they reach the record figures of the
year before.
The quality of sheep and lambs marketed in 1919 was about the
average. Lambs were lighter weight than the year before, averaging
about 75 pounds per head. This was due partly to drought condi
tions in the western range country and to the shipment of large num
bers of feeders, as well as half-finished native lambs. It is estimated
that 80 per cent of all sheep receipts in 1919 was composed of lambs
and only 20 per cent of full-grown animals. Twenty years ago virtu
ally an equal number of sheep and lambs were marketed ordinarily,
while 30 years ago about 30 per cent were lambs and 70 per cent aged
sheep.
M u tto n
a n d
la m b
(see table, pp. 62, 63).— Prices of mutton and
lamb, while showing great increases in the period from 1914 to 1919,
did not increase in equal ratio with sheep and lamb prices. Except
for seasonal fluctuations, mutton prices remained fairly constant in
1914 and 1915, the average price per pound in New York City increas
ing less than 1 cent between these two years. Dressed lamb in
Chicago increased from an average of 15.2 cents a pound in 1914 to
16.4 cents a pound in 1915. In 1916 mutton and lamb prices, with
seasonal advances in the spring and summer months, averaged about
2 cents a pound above the 1915 prices. Prices in 1917 were much
higher than in 1916, mutton selling above 19 cents a pound in New
York in October and lamb above 27 cents a pound in Chicago in
September, which were the high months of the year. Mutton prices
AVERAGE PRICES OF COMMODITIES DURING WAR PERIOD.
163
reached the highest point of the war period in May, 1918, averaging
nearly 25 cents a pound. Dressed lamb was highest in June and July,
when the average was above 31J cents a pound. Material decreases
took place in both mutton and lamb prices toward the close of the
year. In 1919 prices again advanced and reached high levels in late
winter and early spring. Pronounced price decreases took place in
the summer and fall, the year closing with both mutton and lamb at
lower levels than at any time since early in 1917. The demand for
dressed lamb in 1919 was said to be unprecedented, and values as
compared with other meats ruled high, notwithstanding largely in
creased receipts at all important points.
P o u lt r y
(see table, pp. 38, 39, 62, and 63).— Statistics compiled by
the Department of Agriculture show that there has been a steady
increase in the production of poultry in the period from 1913 to
1919. A marked increase has taken place in the number of spe
cialized poultry farms, due to the growing use of mechanical incu
bators. Live poultry prices show wide seasonal variations, increasing
with decreased marketings in the spring and summer months and
decreasing in the fall and early winter when flocks are reduced on
account of low egg production and increased feeding costs. Dressed
poultry prices, while stabilized to some degree by the large quantities
of poultry kept in cold storage, fluctuate much like those of live
poultry. Apart from seasonal advances in the spring and summer,
the price of poultry showed little change until 1916. In that year
both live and dressed poultry averaged about 3 cents a pound higher
than in 1915. In 1917 the average rose about 4 cents above the 1916
average and in 1918 about 7f cents above the average for 1917.
In 1919 prices averaged about 2 cents a pound higher than in 1918.
Live fowls in Chicago were lowest (11 cents a pound) in December,
1914, and highest (35 cents a pound) in April, 1919. Dressed fowls
in New York were likewise lowest (16J cents a pound) in December,
1914, and highest (37J cents a pound) in October, 1919.
E g g s
(see Charts 20 and 20a, and table, pp. 48-51).— Egg supplies
in the United States have steadily increased during the past seven
years. According to data from the Department of Agriculture pro
duction rose from 1,738,000,000 dozen in 1913 to 1,957,000,000 dozen
in 1919, or 12.6 per cent. Imports of dried eggs and yolks increased
from less than 250,000 pounds in 1913 to nearly 25,000,000 pounds in
1919. Exports, which during the seven years averaged over 20,000,000
dozen annually, increased greatly in 1919. It is estimated that about
8 or 9 per cent of the eggs produced are placed in storage. Heaviest
receipts are in April and May, though the height of cold-storage hold
ings is usually reached about August 1. After this stocks decrease
month by month until in February holdings are at the lowest point
of the year. Under normal conditions prices of eggs show wide
164
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
seasonal variations during the year. From January to July prices
decrease rapidly, rising again after the crest of the marketing period
has passed.
In the period from 1913 to 1915 the seasonal fluctuation of egg
prices was quite normal. Fresh gathered firsts in Chicago ranged
from about 17 cents a dozen in July to above 30 cents in December
and January. The average for these three years was about 23 cents.
During the winter of 1916, with the general advance in prices of all
foodstuffs, the price of eggs rose above normal, fresh firsts selling at
39 cents a dozen in Chicago. During 1917 and 1918, in spite of
increased production and decreased exports, egg prices continued
to increase. The increase in the price of meats and the inaugura
tion of meatless days caused a greater demand for eggs, and
prices advanced to 48 cents a dozen for fresh firsts in the Chicago
market in December, 1917, 58 cents in January, 1918, and 62 cents in
December, 1918. Price fluctuations from month to month were
quite erratic during this period. Egg prices in 1919 averaged higher
than in any preceding year. In January values were at high levels
in all markets. A price slump of 20 cents a dozen took place in the
next month, however, when fresh firsts at Chicago fell below 38 cents,
with corresponding decreases in other markets. Following this sharp
decline a gradual increase occurred in the spring and summer not
withstanding the arrival of the marketing season. From September
to the end of the year prices rapidly increased, reaching unprecedented
levels in December, when fresh gathered firsts at Chicago sold as high
as 80 cents a dozen, with corresponding high prices in other localities.
DAIRY PRODUCTS.
B u t te r
(see Charts 19 and 19a, and table, pp. 40-47).— R eports of
the Departm ent of Agriculture and the Census Bureau show that there
was a slight increase in butter production between 1913 and 1918.
Estimates of factory-m ade and farm butter show a total domestic pro
duction of 1,757,000,000 pounds in 1913 and 1,916,000,000 pounds
in 1918.8 The figures as compiled indicate that about 40 per cent of
the total production represents creamery butter and about 60 per
cent dairy butter. Butter production in 1919 is estimated to have
been considerably larger than in the year before. Im ports and
exports varied widely from year to year during the period under
review. Im ports were lowest (676,000 pounds) in 1916 and highest
(9,519,000 pounds) in 1919. In 1917 and 1918 the average was
about 1,482,000 pounds. E xports amounted to 26,561,000 pounds
in 1916, when imports were small, and 34,556,000 pounds in 1919
when imports were relatively large. Exports were also quite large
(26,194,000 pounds) in 1918.
s See B ulletin N o . 21 o f th e W a r Industries Board, “ Prices of Poultry and Dairy Products,” by
William A . Barber, W ashington, 1919.
AVERAGE PRICES OF COM M O DITIES D U R IN G W A R PERIOD.
165
The heaviest marketing of butter usually takes place in June and
July at the height of the grass season, though the heaviest storage
holdings normally appear in September. From October to the
beginning of the new season in May there is a steadily increasing flow
of butter out of storage. Butter prices under normal conditions
exhibit well-defined seasonal fluctuations, decreasing in the spring
and summer and increasing again in the fall and winter. These
seasonal fluctuations were quite normal during the years 1913 to 1915.
Extra creamery butter in Chicago averaged from about 26 cents
a pound in the spring and summer to 32 cents in the winter dur
ing these years. Prices in 1916 behaved much like those of the
year before, but the yearly average was about 4 cents a pound higher.
In 1917, under the abnormal war conditions then prevailing, butter
advanced in price from January to April instead of declining as in
normal years. More or less marked decreases took place during the
summer months, but by the close of the year butter prices in all
markets had attained heights never before reached.
The presidential proclamations of October 8, 1917, and January
10, 1918, included butter among the commodities for which license
was required. On April 22, 1918, butter was placed in the list of
restricted imports. Regulations of the Food Administration, effec
tive June 19, 1918, directed that licensees dealing in cold-storage
butter should not exceed certain definite margins per pound in
selling. Amendments issued the following month included fresh
as well as storage butter and limited to a reasonable advance over
cost the price at which butter should be sold.
In the first half of 1918 prices of butter, while ranging high, showed
the usual seasonal declines, extra creamery in Chicago decreasing
from above 48 cents a pound in January and February to 42 cents
in May and June. In August the Government commandeered
between 25 and 30 million pounds of creamery butter for the use
of the Army and Navy and for shipment to allied countries. This
amount represented approximately 60 per cent of all storage stocks
at that time. This depletion of warehouse stocks, together with
increased exports and lessened receipts, caused prices to advance
rapidly in all markets. Extra creamery butter in Chicago rose
from 44J cents a pound in August to 67 cents in December, a figure
never before equaled in that market. In other cities proportionate
increases took place near the end of the year.
Butter prices in 1919, notwithstanding the greatly increased pro
duction and imports, averaged much higher than in 1918. In Janu
ary extra creamery averaged nearly 62 cents a pound in the Chicago
market. A sharp decline in February brought the price to 49i cents,
with corresponding decreases in other markets, but a reaction to
above 60 cents took place in March. The sudden drop in Feb
166
W H O LE S A LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
ruary has been ascribed to an unusually heavy production in mid
winter, which swamped the market and made selling difficult, and
to the return by the Government of commandeered butter not up
to quality. In March the Food Administration decided to take this
commandeered butter for export and much of it went to England.
This fact, together with increased home demand, is said to, have
caused the advance in that month. Seasonal declines in the spring
and summer brought the price of extra creamery butter in Chicago
to about 51 cents in July. From that point prices again advanced
and attained the unprecedented level of over 68 cents in the closing
months of the year. In all markets the December average was
from 2 to 2J times the average price in 1913.
Cheese (see table; pp. 48, 49).— Comparable data showing pro
duction of cheese during the war period are lacking. In 1917, as
shown by reports from the Bureau of Markets of the Department
of Agriculture, the production was 284,154,000 pounds and in 1918
it was 254,536,000 pounds. The 1919 production is estimated to
have been larger than in 1918. Imports, including cheese substi
tutes, declined from 55,590,000 pounds in 1913 to 6,333,000 pounds
in 1917, but increased slightly in 1918 and to a larger extent in 1919.
Exports, on the contrary, increased from 2,654,000 pounds in 1913
to 48,405,000 in 1918, but fell to 14,160,000 pounds in 1919.
Like butter, cheese prices normally fluctuate with the seasons,
though the extent of fluctuation is less than in the case of butter.
In the three years from 1913 to 1915, except for seasonal variations,
there was little change in the price of cheese. Whole-milk cheese
(American Twins) in Chicago averaged about 14J cents a pound in
each of these years, ranging from about 13 cents in summer to 16
cents in winter. Largely increased exports in 1915, together with
a home demand due to general prosperity, caused prices to rise in
1916. Late in the year whole-milk cheese in Chicago sold above 23
cents a pound. Prices in 1917 were quite irregular, the average
being above 22J cents. Not much change took place in the first
half of 1918, but prices advanced rapidly after July, reaching 35
cents in December. Cheese prices in other cities increased propor
tionately and reached unprecedented levels in the closing months of
the year. The export of 12,000,000 pounds of cheese at a set price
of 24 cents, seaboard, arranged for by the Food Administration early
in the year, was a factor affecting prices.
Cheese prices in 1919, like those of milk and butter, were the
highest ever recorded. Whole-milk cheese (American Twins) aver
aged above 36 cents a pound in Chicago in January, which was the
highest month of the year. With butter, prices of cheese fell in
February and advanced again in the following month, fluctuating
around 30 cents during most of the year. In all markets prices of
AVERAGE PRICES OF COM M OD ITIES D U R IN G W A R PERIOD.
167
cheese in 1919 were more than double those prevailing in the prewar
year, 1913.
Milk (see Charts 25 and 25a, and table, pp. 64, 65).— Based on
estimates of the Department of Agriculture as to the number of
milch cows in the United States on January 1 of each year, it is
believed that milk production increased considerably in the period
from 1913 to 1919. Imports of milk also showed an increase, par
ticularly in 1919. Exports of condensed milk increased from
16.474.000 pounds in 1913 to 852,181,000 pounds in 1919, or over
5.000 per cent. The tremendous increase in exports was due to the
situation resulting from war in Europe, where immense quantities of
American milk were needed to sustain life in devastated areas.
It is estimated that about 43 per cent of the total milk produced
in the United States is sold as fresh milk, about 41 per cent is used
in the manufacture of butter, about 5 per cent is made into cheese,
2.9 per cent is condensed, 3.7 per cent goes into ice cream, and 4.3
per cent is fed to calves and pigs.9 These percentages were established
as a result of an investigation covering the year 1917 and may vary
somewhat in other years.
Fresh milk prices naturally show wide seasonal fluctuations,
declines occurring from the beginning of the year to the end of the
grass season about June 30. After this prices begin to advance,
reaching a maximum in November and December. In the period
from 1913 to 1916 prices fluctuated in a normal manner, the monthly
average in Chicago ranging from about 4| cents a quart in January
to 2f cents in June and increasing to 4J or 4 f cents near the end of
the year. In New York City the monthly averages were somewhat
lower in 1913 to 1915 and ran higher toward the close of 1916. San
Francisco prices were quite stable from 1914 to 1916, the average
being slightly higher than the Chicago or New York price in 1914
and 1915 and slightly lower in 1916. In 1917 prices moved
erratically, decreasing only slightly in the summer and advancing to
very high levels late in the year. In November, 1917, the Food
Administration announced a plan to establish regional milk tribunals
composed of citizens of the districts concerned and representing pro
ducers, distributors, milk experts, consumers, and the public at
large. These commissions were empowered to conduct hearings and
to determine reasonable prices to be paid for milk by purchasers to
producers and by consumers to distributors, such prices to be based
on the cost of production and distribution with a reasonable margin
of profit. The prices fixed for New York City for grade B milk, con
taining 3 per cent butter fat, per 100 pounds in the 150-mile freight
zone, ranged from $3.52 in January to $1.80 in June and increased
by months to $4.06 in December. Prices in other localities were
9<<The Agricultural Situation for 1918,” Circular No. 85, U . S. Department of Agriculture, Washington.
168
W H O LE S A LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
fixed by similar commissions. Reduced to the quart basis, milk in
Chicago in 1918 cost at wholesale 6.98 cents in January, declined
to 4.08 cents in June, and advanced again to 8.40 cents in December.
In New York City the price was 8.08 cents in January, 4.43 cents in
June, and 9.23 cents in December. The San Francisco price was 6.63
cents in January, 5.88 cents in June, and 7.38 cents in December.
In 1919 the price in Chicago was 8.36 cents in January, 5.73 cents
in May and June, 8.23 cents in October, and 8.08 cents in December.
In New York the price varied from 9.13 cents in January to 6.63
cents in April and 8.50 cents in December. The price in San Fran
cisco remained constant at 7.38 cents until December, when it
advanced to 7.92 cents per quart. The large increase in milk prices
since 1916 is believed to be due in no small measure to increased
costs of feedstuffs and labor.
SUGAR, TEA, AND COFFEE.
Sugar (see Charts 26 and 26a, and table, pp. 68, 69).—I t is esti
mated that the consumption of sugar in the continental United States
during the period from 1909 to 1914 averaged about 3,950,000 short
tons annually.10 The annual production in this period averaged
around 920,000 tons, leaving 3,030,000 tons that were imported. Of
this amount approximately 33 per cent was derived from the country’s
insular possessions and 67 per cent was from foreign sources. Hawaii,
Porto Rico, and the Philippines, in the order named, constituted the
sources of the insular possessions supply, while Cuba furnished over
90 per cent of the supply from foreign sources.
In 1913 the prices of both raw and refined sugar averaged less
than in any preceding year since 1895. Large Cuban and domestic
production in that and the previous year was a factor in depressing
prices. Another factor was the hesitancy on the part of buyers
to place orders in view of the uncertainty as to what action would
be taken at the special session of Congress called to reduce import
duties. In October the bill reducing sugar duties 25 per cent was
passed, to take effect March 3, 1914. This measure, coupled with
another record Cuban crop,, caused continued depression of prices
until the outbreak of war, when large purchases by Great Britain
sent sugar prices up in August and September. From an average
of $2.98 per 100 pounds in March and April raw sugar (96° cen
trifugal) in New York advanced to $5.80 in September. With a
realization of the large supplies available and of the moderate limits
of foreign purchases, the panic of the American consumer sub
sided and prices dropped to an average of $3.91 in November.
Granulated sugar, which averaged 6.80 cents a pound in New York
in September, declined to 4.83 cents in December.
10 See bulletin No. 13 of the War Industries Board, “ Prices of Sugar and Related Products,” b y Frank
F. Anderson, W ashington, 1919.
AVERAGE PRICES OF COM M OD ITIES D U RIN G W A R PERIOD.
169
The real effects of the war began to be felt early in 1915, and prices
in that year averaged higher than in any year since 1890. From
January to June there was a strong upward movement, the prices for
granulated sugar following in a general manner the fluctuations in
raw sugar. In July prices receded, followed by further declines in
the next two months. The low point of the year for granulated sugar
(4.70 cents a pound) was reached late in September, and for raw
sugar (3.76 cents a pound) early in October. In October, following
an announcement by the Secretary of the Treasury of his intention
to recommend repeal of the free-sugar clause as an emergency revenue
measure, the price of raw sugar advanced. Scarcity of ocean ton
nage, freight congestion in New York Harbor, and the blocking of
cargoes from Hawaii in the Panama Canal contributed to the increase
in prices. The high point of the year for granulated sugar (6.03 cents
a pound) and for raw sugar (5.20 cents a pound) was reached early
in December. Compared with prices in 1915, granulated sugar
increased nearly 24 per cent and raw sugar nearly 25 per cent in 1916.
Prices followed much the same trend as in 1915, but at higher levels.
Among the causes operating to produce high prices were the depletion
of sugar stocks in the various countries of the world, due to the effects
of war, and the fact that the relatively high prices prevailing through
out 1915 had left planters and sugar dealers in a prosperous condition,
so that in 1916 they were not forced to market their sugar any more
rapidly than they desired. Another possible factor was the heavy
exports of refined sugar. The late start of the beet harvest in the
Middle West, due to unfavorable seasons, limited beet-sugar supplies
and caused prices to advance from September to November.
Prices continued to advance in 1917, due to various factors, among
which may be mentioned the strikes in Philadelphia and Jersey City
refineries early in the year, the insurrection in Cuba, resulting in the
destruction of much sugar cane, the appearance of German submarines
in American waters in March, and the entry of this country into the
war in April. Raw sugar in New York averaged 7.27 cents a pound
in August and granulated sugar 8.23 cents a pound in September.
These were the high points of the year. In September an interna
tional committee was formed to arrange for the purchase and distri
bution of all sugar, whether for the United States or the allied coun
tries. A committee of American refiners was appointed to cooperate
with the international committee. As a result of a conference between
representatives of the sugar-refining industry and the Food Admin
istration the refiners voluntarily agreed for the duration of the war
not only to obtain their supplies of raw sugar under the direction of
the international sugar committee, but also to work on a stipulated
margin between the cost of raw sugar and the selling price of refined
170
W H O LE S A LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
sugar, thus limiting profits and going a long way toward stabilizing
prices and eliminating speculation. The beet-sugar producers of the
country also agreed to place the entire beet-sugar production in the
control of the Food Administration to be sold at a wholesale price
not exceeding $7.25 per 100 pounds, cane-sugar basis, f. o. b. sea
board refining points.
As a result of the policy of price control inaugurated by the Gov
ernment through the Food Administration, sugar prices varied but
little in 1918 except where increases due to increased costs of handling
were allowed. In the first half of the year 96° centrifugals at New
York were quoted at 6.055 cents a pound, with an increase to 7.28
cents after September 9. Granulated sugar in barrels sold at 7.30
cents a pound from February to May, but increased to 8.82 cents in
the period from October to December. To equalize the cost of the
various kinds of sugar and to secure a better distribution to the public,
the formation of a Sugar Equalization Board was announced by the
Food Administration in July. This board was incorporated with a
capital of $5,000,000, which was supplied by the President from his
special funds, the purpose being to absorb the high peaks of cost
in sugar production and to make a small margin on the low cost of
certain foreign sugars which might be purchased. Regulations lim
iting sugar supplies to manufacturers and to the public were promul
gated from time to time. Under these the per capita consumption
of sugar in 1918 was estimated at 73.4 pounds, compared with 78.6
pounds in 1917 and 85.4 pounds in 1913. Early in December all
restrictions on the use of sugar in households and in public eating
places were removed.
It is estimated that the total consumption of sugar in the United
States in 1919 was over 4 million tons, the highest on record. The
per capita consumption was 85.4 pounds, as compared with 73.4
pounds in 1918. Cuba furnished more than half of the quantity con
sumed in 1919. In addition upward of 600,000 tons of Cuban sugar
were sent here to be refined for export. Beet sugar supplied 22.37
per cent of the total domestic use of refined sugar, against 16.19 per
cent in 1918.
During the first 11 months of 1919 raw and refined sugars continued
to be quoted at the prices established by the Government through the
Sugar Equalization Board. These prices were 5.50 cents f. o. b.
Cuban ports for 96° centrifugals, to which was added a fixed freight
rate of 0.385 cent to New York, the duty of 1.0048 cents, and insur
ance, making a total of 6.90 cents duty paid. To this the board
assessed (against the consumer) a levy of 0.38 cent, making the cost
to refiners 7.28 cents per pound. Granulated sugar prices were fixed
AVERAGE PRICES OF COM M O DITIES D U RIN G W A R PERIOD.
171
at 9 cents less 2 per cent for cash, which equaled 8.82 cents net
cash.11
Control of sugar was expected to cease on December 31, 1919.
Beginning in July buyers from all over the world had started buying,
for future delivery, the Cuban sugar of the 1919-20 crop. Sales began
at 6.50 cents f. o. b. Cuba, a cent a pound above the prevailing price
for the old crop, and by the end of October the price had advanced
to 8.25 cents for December delivery. In view of the growing short
age of sugar in the United States, due to the diversion of Cuban sup
plies to Europe, the President, on November 21, issued a proclama
tion vesting in the Department of Justice the authority for admin
istering the existing food laws and for fixing a price for sugar that
would insure a sufficient supply for household consumers and protect
them as far as possible from profiteering devices. With the expira
tion on December 1 of the Cuban agreement under the Sugar Equal
ization Board licenses were no longer necessary to import sugar
from Cuba. A bill authorizing the President to continue the
Sugar Equalization Board to December 21, 1920, was enacted on
December 20, 1919. This measure gave the board broad powers of
control over prices and distribution. The seizure by the board of
refiners’ sugar stocks, if necessary, was authorized by the act. In
signing the bill the President issued a statement to the effect that
he did not deem it advisable to utilize the authority conferred upon
him.
Imports of cane sugar in 1919 totaled over 7,000,000,000 pounds,
compared with an average of 5,000,000,000 pounds for the two pre
ceding years. Of this amount about 95 per cent came from Cuba.
Ordinarily, shipments from Hawaii and the Philippines begin to
arrive at Pacific ports late in December, followed by receipts from
Cuba and Porto Rico at Atlantic ports after the opening of the fol
lowing year. As the bulk of sugar receipts fall within the first six
months of the year, refiners’ and importers' stocks of raw sugar are
usually highest in these months and lowest in the fall and winter
months. The first shipment of Cuban sugar from the new crop ar
rived at New York on December 15 and was allocated to the trade
on the basis of 13.04 cents for raw and 14.896 cents for granulated,
making the difference between raws and granulated 1.856 cents.
Under the former prices this difference was 1.54 cents.
Tea (see table, pp. 68, 69).— Prior to the spring and summer
of 1917 the price of tea in this country appears to have been
little affected by war conditions. Formosa fine tea at New York,
taken as a representative of all varieties, averaged from 24 to 25
cents per pound throughout the period from 1913 to April, 1917,
being somewhat cheaper at the end than at the beginning of the
11 See the Weekly Sugar Trade Journal, Jan. 8, 1920, pp. 3-6
172
W H O L E S A L E PRIC ES, 1890 TO 1919.
period. In May, 1917, the price advanced to 26J cents and in the
following month to 28} cents. From July to October, 1917, the price
averaged 36J cents a pound; afterwards it declined to 35\ cents and
remained at that figure during most of 1918. An increase of 1 cent
a pound took place in the last few months of 1918. In 1919 prices
fell to 34 cents in April, but gradually increased thereafter to 36J
cents in December.
Imports of tea into the United States increased from 91,131,000
pounds in the year ended June 30, 1914, to 151,315,000 pounds in
the year ended June 30, 1918, and fell to 108,172,000 pounds in 1919.
The large imports in the years 1916-1918 represented purchases both
for the American and European markets made in part in expecta
tion that the close of war would enable accumulated stores to be
shipped freely to Europe where supplies were low. Much of this tea
came as return cargo from Japan and other parts of Asia. The grow
ing scarcity of ocean tonnage and the uncertainty attendant on this
country's entrance into the war are the probable causes of the large
price increases in 1917.
Coffee (see table, pp. 48, 49).— Coffee is one of the few com
modities whose price was lower in the war period than in prewar
years. This is particularly true of coffee from Central and South
American countries, the price of which decreased materially after
1913. Coffees of Asiatic origin, on the other hand, increased in price
during the war. The production of coffee was about normal during
the war, but transportation difficulties interfered with its distribu
tion to the world's markets. European consumption was reduced
by more than one-half, leaving a large surplus to be absorbed by
other markets, of which the United States is the most important.
The result was an abnormal supply in this country, with consequent
low prices.
Rio No. 7 coffee in the New York market, selected as a repre
sentative type, averaged about 3 cents a pound less in 1914 than in
1913. The price in December, 1914, was 6.31 cents per pound, the
lowest of the war period. Prices ruled low in 1915, the aver
age being below that of the year before. In 1916 strong advances
took place, the price approximating 10 cents a pound in the summer
months. In May and June, 1917, the price went above 10 cents,
but declined later in the year. During the first half of 1918 prices
averaged from 8 \ to 9 cents. With the prospect of an early cessation
of hostilities, the price increased rapidly. September prices aver
aged above 9| cents, and were followed b y increases to 10.4 cents in
October and 10.7 cents in November. In December the price ad
vanced to 17J cents in the New York market. The prospect of a
greatly increased demand for coffee through the opening of European
markets, together with a report that future Brazilian supplies would
AVEEAGE PRICES OF CO M M OD ITIES D U R IN G W A R PERIOD.
173
be diminished through injury to the trees by frost in June, caused
the large price increases late in the year.
To prevent the boosting of coffee prices by speculators, all dealers
in green coffee were placed under license by a presidential procla
mation in January, 1918. In February, a coffee section was formed
in the Food Administration and regulations designed to limit profits
were promulgated. Rules were laid down for determining costs and
with these as a basis importers were limited to a profit of 5 per cent
and jobbers to a profit of 7} per cent. Not more than 90 days' sup
ply could be held by a licensee, nor could he sell or deliver more than
90 days’ supply. A maximum price for trading on the exchange
was also established. These various measures doubtless served to
stabilize coffee prices to a far greater extent than would have been
possible without them. All restrictions were removed in December.
In 1919 the price of No. 7 Rio coffee in New York advanced from
15.47 cents in January to a maximum of over 23 cents in July.
From that point the price declined to 15.18 cents in December.
The steep increases in the summer are said to have been caused by
low estimates of the new Santos crop and the prospect of a big
European demand following the signing of the peace treaty. Ac
cording to the reports of the Department of Commerce imports of
coffee from Brazil, the source of 75 per cent of the supply for the
United States in 1914, dropped to 54 per cent in 1919.
A P P E N D IX E S .
APPENDIX A.—TABLE O F W EIG H TS USED IN CO M PU TIN G INDEX NUM
BERS OF WHOLESALE PRICES FO R 1918 AND 1919,1 BY GROUPS OF
CO M M O D ITIES.
Group I.—Farm products.
Commodity.
Cotton, middling:
N ew Orleans...........................................
N ew Y ork............................................... .
Flaxseed, No. 1 ..............................................
Grain:
Barley, fair to good, m alting................
Corn, cash—
Contract grades.................................
No. 3, m ix ed ......................................
Oats, cash.................................................
R ye, No. 2, cash ..................................... .
W heat; cash—
Chicago, No. 1 northern spring---Chicago, No. 2 red w inter................
Kansas City, No. 2 hard winter......
Minneapolis, No. 1 northern spring.
Portland, Oreg., bluestem ..............
Hay:
Alfalfa, No. 1 ...........................................
Tim othy, No. 1 ........................................
Hides:
Calfskins, No. 1 .......................................
Goatskins, Brazilian..............................
Green, salted, packers’—
H eavy native steers........................ .
H eavy Texas steers..........................
Hops:
N ew York State, prime to choice...........
Pacific Coast............................................
L ive stock (for food):
Cattle, steers—
Choice to prim e.................................
Good to choice...................................
Hogs—
H ea v y ................................................
L ight...................................................
Sheep—
Ewes, fed, poor to best.....................
Lambs, good to prim e......................
Wethers, fed, common to best.........
Peanuts,\NTo. 1 grade......................................
Poultry, liv e fowls:
Chicago......................................................
N e w Y ork, ch oice.....................................
Tobacco, burley, dark red, good leaf............
Q uantity
used as
weight (000
omitted).
Unit.
3,606,507
1,803,253
20,106
Pound.
Do.
Bushel.
75,301
Do.
184,311
276,467
267,860
29,521
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
26,984
124,072
248,144
242,859
41,357
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
5,029
5,657
Ton.
Do.
131,362
102,804
Pound.
Do.
614,829
307,415
Do.
Do.
15,502
32,575
Do.
Do.
41,449
82,898
100 pounds.
Do.
19,110
57,329
Do.
Do.
2,300
8,049
1,150
435,777
Do.
Do.
Do.
Pound.
230.400
230.400
11,004
Do.
Do.
100 pounds.
Group II.—Food, etc.
8,468 100 pounds.
Beans, m edium, choice..
Bread:
Crackers—
No weight.
O yster................
No weight.
Soda...................
Loaf—
No weight.
Chicago..............
N o weight.
C incinnati..........
No weight.
N ew Orleans___
No weight.
N ew Y ork.........
No weight.
San Francisco...
1 For years prior to 1918 these weights have been revised to conform to changes in the number and kinds
of articles included.
175
176
W H O LE SA LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x A . — Table o f weights u s e d in c o m p u t i n g i n d e x n u m b e r s o f wholesale prices
for 1 9 1 8 a n d 1919, b y g r o u p s of c o m m o d i t i e s — Continued.
Group II.—Food, etc.—Continued.
Commodity.
Butter:
Boston—
Creamery, firsts............................................. . .....................................
Chicago—
Creamery, extra.......................................................................................
Creamery, fixtra firsts..................................................
Creamery, firsts.......................................................................................
Cincinnati—
Creamery, extra.......................................................................................
Creamery, centralized firsts...................................................................
Creamery, centralized seconds...............................................................
N ew Orleans—
Creamery, fan cy......................................................................................
Creamery, choice.....................................................................................
N ew York—
Creamery, extra.......................................................................................
Creamery, firsts.......................................................................................
Philadelphia—
Creamery, extra.......................................................................................
Creamery, extra firsts.............................................................................
Creamery, firsts.......................................................................................
St. Louis—
Creamery, extra.......................................................................................
San Francisco—
Creamery, extra..................................
..
Creamery, prime firsts..........................................................................
Canned goods:
Corn, N ew York, standard...........................................................................
Peas, State and western, No. 5 sieve...........................................................
Tomatoes, standard N ew Jersey, No. 3 ......................................................
Cheese:
Chicago, whole m ilk; American tw ins........................................................
N ew York, whole-milk, colored, average, fancy........................................
San Francisco, California flats, fa n cy .........................................................
Coffee, Rio, No. 7 . ................................................................................................
Eggs:
Boston, firsts, western..................................................................................
Chicago, firsts, fresh.......................................................................................
Cincinnati, firsts, fresh..................................................................................
New Orleans, candled, western...................................................................
New York, firsts, fresh gathered..................................................................
Philadelphia, extra firsts, western..............................................................
San Francisco, fresh, selected, pullets*.......................................................
Fish:
Cod large, shore (pickled, cured)................................................................
Herring pickled, domestic, split, large No 1 ............................................
Mackerel, salt, large, No. 3 s .........................................................................
Salmon canned, Alaska, red.......................................................................
Flour:
Buckw heat.....................................................................................................
B ye, pure, medium straight.........................................................................
W heat—
TCjvpsflg City, winter paten ts.................................................................
Kansas City, winter straights...............................................................
Minneapolis, standard patents..............................................................
Minneapolis, second patents..................................................................
Portland, patents...................................................................................
St Louis, first paten ts...........................................................................
St Louis, second paten ts......................................................................
Toledo, paten ts.......................................................................................
Toledo, straight.......................................................................................
Fruit:
Apples—
Evaporated, choice.................................................................................
Fresh, Baldw in.......................................................................................
Bananas, Jamaica, 8s.....................................................................................
Currants, uncleaned, in barrels.......................... . .......................................
Lemons, California........................................................................................
Oranges, California........................................................................................
Prunes, California, in 25-pound b o x e s........................................................
Raisins, California, coast seeded..................................................................
Glucose, 42® m ixing..............................................................................................
Lard, prime, contract..........................................................................................
Quantity
used as
weight (000
om itted).
Unit.
23,179
73,917
11,665
Pound.
Do.
Do.
101,989
325,234
51,328
Do.
Do.
Do.
5.349
17.058
2,692
Do.
Do.
Do.
5.349
17.058
Do.
Do.
48,142
153,520
24,228
Do.
Do.
Do.
23,179
73,917
11,665
Do.
Do.
Do.
48,142
Do.
5,349
17,058
Do.
Do.
14,903
11,803
25,820
Dozen cans.
Do.
Do.
141.457
141.457
70,728
1,038,439
Pound.
Do.
Do.
Do.
92.669
231.673
92.669
92.669
231.673
92.669
92.669
Dozen.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
685
429
191
18,431
100 pounds.
Barrel.
Do.
Dozen cans.
2,010
1,594
100 pounds.
Barrel.
16.096
5,365
24,144
8,048
21,461
12.072
4.024
12.072
4.024
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
N o weight.
21,254
35,772
32,164
4,119
19,784
138,796
286,075
7,701
1,243,572 ,
Do.
Bunch.
Pound.
Box.
Do.
Pound
Do.
100 pounds.
Pound.
177
APPEN D IX ES.
A p p e n d i x A .— «Table o f weights used i n c o m p u t i n g i ndex n u m b e r s o f wholesale prices
for 1 9 1 8 a n d 1919, b y g r o u p s of c o m m o d i t i e s — Continued.
Group II.—Food, etc.—Concluded.
Commodity.
Meal, com:
W hite, Terre H aute.....................................................................................
W hite, table, Philadelphia..........................................................................
Meat:
Bacon—
Rough*sides.............................................................................................
Short clear sides......................................................................................
Beef, fresh—
Carcass, good native steers, Chicago...................................................
Steer, loins ends (hips), Chicago..........................................................
Steer, ribs, No. 2, Chicago.....................................................................
Steer, rounds. No. 2, Chicago................................................................
N ative sides, N ew Y ork........................................................................
Loins, 1STo. 2 .c ity , N ew Y ork................................................................
Ribs, W 2, city > e w Y ork..................................................................
Rounds, No. 2 ,city, N ew York.............................................................
Beef, salt, extra m ess...................................................................................
Hams, sm oked...............................................................................................
Lamb, dressed, round...................................................................................
Mutton, dressed........................................................................................
Pork, fresh—
Loins, Chicago.........................................................................................
Loins, western, New Y ork....................................................................
Pork, salt, m ess..............................................................................................
Poulxrv, dressed fowls—
Chicago, iced-.................................................... ^ .................................
N ew York, western, dry picked...........................................................
Veal, city dressed, good to prim e................................................................
Milk, fresh:
Chicago (v icin ity )..........................................................................................
N ew York (v icin ity ).....................................................................................
San Francisco (v icin ity )...............................................................................
Molasses, N ew Orleans, open k ettle...................................................................
Oleomargarine, standard quality, uncolored....................................................
....................................
Oleo oil, extra......................................
Olive oil, Spanish.................................................................................................
Rice:
Blue Rose, head.............................................................................................
Honduras, head.............................................................................................
Salt, American, m edium .....................................................................................
Soda, bicarbonate of. American.........................................................................
Spices: Pepper, blacK, Singapore.......................................................................
Starch, com , for culinary purposes....................................................................
Sugar:
96° centrifugal................................................................................................
Granulated, in barrels...................................................................................
Tallow, packers’prim e........................................................................................
Tea, Formosa, fine...............................................................................................
Vegetables, fresh:
Onions.............................................................................................................
Potatoes, w hite, range from g®od to choice................................................
Vinegar, cider, 40-grain, in barrels.....................................................................
Quantity
used as
weight (000
omitted).
26.677
26.677
U nit.
100 pounds.
370.677
370.677
Pound.
Do.
2.104.694
No weight.
N o weight.
No weight.
2.104.694
N o weight.
No weight.
No weight.
632
782,862
330,502
165,251
Do.
Barrel.
Pound.
Do.
Do.
No weight.
No weight.
4,761
Barrel.
211.277
211.277
253,006
Pound.
Do.
Do.
3.099.628
3.099.628
1,549,814
55,690
138,576
144,737
4,029
Quart.
Do.
Do.
Gallon.
Pound.
Do.
Gallon.
466,823
217,851
22,136
N o weight.
36,241
No weight.
Pound.
Do.
Barrel.
6,316,034
7,366,818
203,209
113,548
Do
Do.
Do.
Do.
7,367
238,495
98,404
Do.
Pound.
Sack.
100 pounds.
Gallon.
Group III.—Cloths and clothing.
Boots and shoes:
Children’s, gun m etal, b u tton .....................
Little boys’, gun metal, blucher..................
Men’s—
Gun metal, Goodyear w elt, b lu ch er...
Gun metal, Goodyear welt, b u tto n___
S;plit seamless, Creedmore.....................
Vici calf, blucher....................................
V ici kid, Goodyear w elt........................
Misses’, vici, patent tip, b u tto n ..................
. W omen’s—
Gun m etal, Goodyear w elt, b u tto n___
Gun metal, McKay sewed, bu tton.......
Patent leather, pump, McKay sewed..
Youths’, gun metal, blucher........................
Carpets:
Axminster, Lowell, 3-4............... t................
Brussels, 5-frame, Bigelow...........................
Wilton, 5-frame, Bigelow..............................
146726°— 20— B u ll. 269------- 12
14.440
14.440
Pair.
Do.
18.778
18.778
18.778
18.778
18.778
14.440
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
28.865
28.865
28.865
23,839
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
16,702
5,291
6,130
Yard.
Do.
Do.
178
W H O LE S A LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x A . — Table
of weights used in computing index numbers of wholesale prices
for 1 9 1 8 and 1919, by groups of commodities—Continued.
Group III.—Cloths and clothing—Continued.
Commodity.
Cotton goods:
Blankets, 2 pounds to th e pair.............................................................
Calico, American standard prints, 7 yards to the pound..................
Denims, Massachusetts, 2.30 yards to the pound...............................
Drillings—
Brown, Pepperell, 2.85 yards to the pound, 29-inch...................
Massachusetts D standard, 30-inch...............................................
Flannels—
Colored, 2 | yards to the pound......................................................
Unbleached, 3^ yards to the pound..............................................
Gingham—
Amoskeag, 6.37 yards to the pound............................................. .
Lancaster, 6.50 yards to the pound...............................................
Hosiery—
Men’s half hose, combed yam , fast black....................................
W omens’—
F u ll fashioned, combed peeler yam , double sole.................
Seamless, combed yam , double sole, 220-needles.................
Percale, Scout, 36-inch, 5.35 yards to the-pound................................
Print cloths, 27-inch, 7.60 yards to the pound....................................
S h eetin gBleached—
Pepperell, 10-4...........................................................................
W am sutta,10-4.........................................................................
Brown—
Indian Head, 4-4, 2.85 yards to the pound............................
Pepperell, R, 4-4,3.75 yards to the pound............................
Ware Shoals L. L., 4-4, 4 yards to the pound.......................
Shirting, bleached muslin, 4-4—
Fruit of the Loom ...........................................................................
Lonsdale (new construction).........................................................
Rough Rider....................................................................................
W a m s u t t a ^ ^ ................................................................................
Thread, 6-cord, 200-yard spools, J. & P. Coats...................................
Ticking, Amoskeag, A.C. A., 2.05 yards to the pound......................
Underwear—
Men’s shirts and drawers................................................................
W omen’s union suits..................................................................... .
Yarn—
Carded, white, mulespun, northern, cones—
*
10/1............................................................................................
2 2 / 1 ..........................................................................................
Twisted, ordinary, for weaving—
20/2............................................................................................
40/2............................................................................................
Leather:
Calf, chrome, dull or bright finish, B grade........................................
Glazed kid, clack, top grades, from Brazilian skins..........................
Harness, California oak, No. 1 ..............................................................
Side, black, chrome,tanned, B grade.................................................
Sole—
Hemlock, middle, N o . l .................................................................
Oak, scoured backs, h ea v y ............................................................
Linen shoe thread, 10s, Barbour................................................................
Silk, raw:
Japan—
Kansai, No. 1 ..................................................................................
Special, e x tr a ................. ...............................................................
Woolen goods:
Blankets, 5 pounds to the pair.............................................................
Flannel, white, 4-4 Ballard Vale, No. 3 ..............................................
Hosiery—
Men’s, seamless, half hose—
Cashmere..................................................................................
Wool..........................................................................................
Overcoating, soft-faced, black, plain twill,.24-ounce..........................
Suitings—
Clay worsted, diagonal—
12-ounce....................................................................................
16-ounce....................................................................................
Middlesex, wool-dyed, blu e...........................................................
Serge, 11-ounce.................................................................................
Trousering worsteds, w ith silk decoration, 11 to 1 1 | ounces to yard
Quantity
used as
weight (000
om itted).
1,581
No weight.
109,226
Unit.
Pair.
Yard.
148,264
143,322
Do.
Do.
207,615
174,660
Do.
Do.
358,287
358,287
Do.
Do.
24,806
Dozen pairs.
13,193
24,374
No weight.
2,966,409
Do.
Do.
Yard.
44,145
38,756
Do.
Do.
98,505
107,668
132,042
Do.
Do.
Do.
122'372
126,409
133,390
105,022
526,801
115,792
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Spool.
Yard.
22,567
2,048
D o z e n gai
ments.
Dozen suits.
161,768
161,768
Pound.
Do.
80,884
80,884
Do.
Do.
190,121
210,162
98,656
143,042
Square feet.
- Do.
Pound.
Square feet.
143,347
87,535
3,815
Pound.
Do.
Do.
17,410
5,803
Do.
Do.
3,002
3,856
Do.
Yard.
2,024
No weight.
6,018
19,969
19,969
19,969
19,969
19,969
Dozen pairs.
Yard.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
179
A PPEN D IX ES.
A p p e n d i x A.— Table o f weights used in computing index numbers o f wholesale prices
far 1918 and 1919, by groups o f commodities— Continued.
Group III.—Cloths and clothing—Concluded.
Commodity.
Woolen goods—Concluded.
Underwear, merino—
Men’s shirts and drawers, 50 per cent w ool.........................................
Union suits, 33J per cent wool...............................................................
Women’s dress goods—
A ll wool—
Broadcloth, 53-54 inches................................................................
French serge, 35-inch.......................................................................
Storm serge, double-warp, 50-inch.................................................
Cotton warp—
Cashmere, Hamilton Mills..............................................................
Poplar cloth, 36-inch........................................................................
Sicilian cloth, 50-inch.......................................................................
Wool, Ohio, scoured fleece—
Fine clothing............................................................................................
Fine delaine.............................................................................................
Half-blood................................................................................................
Medium ( i and | grades).......................................................................
Y am —
2-32s, crossbred stock..............................................................................
2-40s, half-blood.......................................................................................
2-50s, fine domestic.................................................................................
Quantity
used as
weight (000
om itted).
2,536
364
U nit.
D ozen gar
ments.
Dozen suits.
31,121
48,016
33,611
Yard.
Do.
Do.
26,010
26,010
18,727
Do.
Do.
Do.
74,815
28,056
37,407
46,759
Pound.
Do.
Do.
Do.
25,235
31,544
31,544
Do.
Do.
Do.
4,552
Gallon.
Group IV.—Fuel and lighting.
Alcohol, denatured, 180 proof......................................................
Coal:
A nthraciteBroken.............................................................................
Chestnut...........................................................................
Egg...................................................................................
Stove................................................................................
Bitum inous—
Chicago—
Mine run....................................................................
Prepared sizes...........................................................
Screenings.................................................................
Cincinnati, run-of-mine..................................................
Pittsburgh, prepared sizes.............................................
St. Louis, run-of-mine....................................................
Semibituminous—
Cincinnati, smokeless, run-of-mine (N ew R iver).......
Norfolk, Pocahontas.......................................................
Coke, Connellsville, furnace........................................................
Gasoline, m otor............................................................................
Matches, average of Safe Home, Bird’s Eye, and Searchlight
Petroleum:
Crude—
California.........................................................................
Kansas-Oklahoma..........................................................
Pennsylvania..................................................................
Refined—
Standard white, 110° fire test, for export....................
Water-white, 150° fire test.............................................
6,015
22,673
13,614
20,381
Long ton.
Do!
Do.
7,937
38,097
17,461
31,748
126,990
63.495
Ton.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
31, 747
63.495
39,472
540,328
12,071
Do.
Long ton.
Ton.
Gallon.
73,269
73,268
36,634
Barrel.
Do.
Do.
837.397
837.397
Gallon.
Do.
Group V.—Metals and metal products.
Augers, regular, 1-inch..................................... .
Bar iron:
Best refined, Philadelphia........................ .
Common, from m ill, Pittsburgh.............. .
Butts, loose-pin, wrought steel, 3£ by 3 | inch
Chisels, regular, socket firmer, 1-inch............
Copper:
Ingot, electrolytic......................................
Sheet, hot-rolled (base sizes)....................
Wire, bare, No. 8 ........................................
Door knobs, steel, bronze-plated....................
N o weight.
1.083.265
1.083.265
No weight.
N o weight.
Pound.
Do.
1,312,438
N o weight.
278,964
No weight.
Do.
Do.
180
W H O LE SA LE PRIC ES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x A . — Table o f weights used in computing index numbers o f wholesale prices
for 1918 and 1919, by groups o f commodities— Continued.
Group V.—Metals and metal products— Concluded.
Commodity.
Files, 8-inch, m ill, bastard..................................................................................
_________________________ Ha.Tnrnp.rs, AfaydnV-, No, H . . .
___
Trnn ore, ifosabi, Bessem er........ ................ . .
Lead:
Pig, desilverized.............................................................................................
P ip e.................................................................................................................
Locks, finmmnrtj mortise, lrnnb-lnolr, M-innh . ................ ..............................
Nails, 8-penny, fence and common:#
C u t . . . . . . . ......................................................................................................
Wire.................................................................................................................
Pig iron:
Basic................................................................................................................
Bessemer.........................................................................................................
Foundry—
No. 2, northern
..............................................................................
No. 2, southern........................................................................................
Quicksilver ........................................................................................................
Saws, Disston:
Crosscut, No. 2, 6-foot..................................................................................
Hand. No. 8, skewback, 26-inch ................................................................
Shnvpls, Amps, No. 9. _ , _, _r... T_T. r. , ................... ........................................
fiilvpr, liar, fin e.............. .............-. - ,______ ____ -............-............... -........
Steel:
Billets, Bessem er... ....................... r. rT.. T....... ........ .................... .........
Rails, standard—
Bessem er..................................................................................................
Open-hearth
.....................................................................................
Sheets, box annealed, No. 27 ....................................................................
Structural........................................................................................................
Tin:
P ig ...................................................................................................................
Plate, coke......................................................................................................
Trowels, Johnson’s, brick, lOJ-inch....................................................................
Vises, solid box, 50-pound..................................................................................
Wire:
Barbed, galvanized........................................................................................
Plain, annealed, Nos. 0 to 9 .........................................................................
Wood screws, 1-inch, No. 10, fla th ea d ..............................................................
Zinc:
Sheet................................................................................................................
Spelter (pig zinc), western............................................................................
Quantity
used as
weight (000
om itted).
No weight.
N o weight.
52,310
732,153
1,058
No weight.
N o weight.
13,916
1,742
1,168
2.557
2.557
1,146
No weight.
N o weight.
N o weight.
No weight.
N o weight.
151,969
4,972
5,256,756
1,767
1,257
N o weight.
4,996,876
U nit.
Long ton.
Pound.
100 pounds.
Keg.
L on^ton .
Do.
Do.
Ton.
Ounce.
Long ton.
Pound.
Ton.
Do.
Pound.
94,248
12,968
N o weight.
N o weight.
Do.
100 pounds.
6,471
9,580
N o weight.
Do.
Do.
576
464,903
Do.
Pound.
Group VI.—Lumber and building materials.
Brick, common:
Chicago, yun-of-kiln, salmon.........................................................................
3,264 1,000.
Cincinnati, red, building...............................................................................
3.264 1,000.
N ew York, red, domestic, building.............................................................
3.264 1,000.
Cement:
Portland, domestic.............. .........................................................................
65,435 Barrel.
Doors, western, white pine.................................................................................. N o weight.
Glass:
Plate, polished, glazing—
24.861 Square foot.
Area 3 to 5 square feet............................................................................
Area 5 to 10 square feet...........................................................................
Do.
24.861
Window, American single, 25-inch—
A ...............................................................................................................
3.461 50 square Jeet.
B ...............................................................................................................
Do.
3.461
4,388 1.000.
Lath, eastern spruce, l§-inch slab.......................................................................
23,278 Barrel.
Lime, eastern, common.......................................................................................
Lumber:
Douglas fir—
3,642 1,000 feet.
No. 1.........................................................................................................
Do.
1,214
No. 2 and better......................................................................................
Do.
3,051
Hemlock..........................................................................................................
1,107
Do.
Maple..............................................................................................................
Oak, white—
P lain........................................................................*................................
Do.
1,471
Quartered.................................................................................................
Do.
2,943
181
APPEN D IX ES.
A p p e n d i x A . — Table o f weights used in computing index numbers o f wholesale prices
fo r 1918 and 1919, by groups o f commodities— Continued.
Group VI.—Lumber and building materials—Concluded.
Commodity.
Lumber—Concluded.
Pine—
W hite, boards, rough, No. 2, b a m ...................
W hite, boards, rough, uppers..........................
Y ellow, flooring....... . . . . . ..................................
Yellow, siding...................................................
Poplar, yellow ...........................................................
Spruce, eastern........................................................ .
Paint materials:
Lead, carbonate of (white lead), American, in oil
Linseed oil, raw.........................................................
Turpentine, spirits o f...............................................
Zinc, oxide of (zinc w hite), American, extra d r y .
P u t t y . . . ............. ....................................... .............. .
Rosin, common to good, strained..................................
Shingles, 16 inches long:
Cypress.......................................................................
Red cedar...................................................................
Tar, pine...........................................................................
Quantity
used as
weight (000
omitted).
U nit.
3,510
390
10,173
6,104
859
1,749
1,000 feet.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
247,237
102,528
29,765
143,550
63,502
3,673
1,387
12,005
No weight.
Pound.
Gallon.
Do.
Pound.
Do.
Barrel.
1,000.
1,000.
Group VII.— Chemicals and drugs.
Acid:
Acetic, 2 8°.............................................................
Muriatic, 2 0 °.......................................................
Nitric, 42°..............................................................
Sulphuric, 66°.......................................................
Alcohol:
Grain, 190 proof, U. S.' P .....................................
Wood, refined, 95 per cent...................................
Alum, lum p.................................................................
Ammonia, anhydrous.................................................
Borax, crystals and granulated, sacks.....................
Copper sulphate, 99 per cent crystals (blue vitriol).
Glycerin, refined, chemically pure............................
Opium, natural, m cases............................................
Quinine, manufacturers' quotation..........................
Soda:
Carbonate of (sal sod a)........................................
Caustic, 76 and 78 per cent, solid.......................
Nitrate of (Chile saltpeter), 95 per c en t............
Soda ash, light, 58 per cen t.................................
Sulphur (brimstone), stick, crude............................
58,050
203.223
27,326
1,367,214
Pound.
Do.
Do.
Do.
48,912
12,636
278,940
11,970
82,875
36,556
123,353
491
2,310
Gallon.
Do.
Pound.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Do.
Ounce.
1,747
263.224
6,855
12,966
268
100 pounds.
Pound.
100 pounds.
Long ton.
Group VIII.—House-furnishing goods.
Earthenware:
Plates, 7-inch, white, granite......................................
Teacups and saucers, white, granite........................
Furniture:
Bedroom sets, 3 pieces................................................
Chairs—
Bedroom, rocker, oak ..........................................
Kitchen, hardwood..............................................
Tables, kitchen, 2 by 3J leet, w ith drawer..............
Glassware, common:
Nappies, 4-inch...........................................................
Pitchers, J-gallon.........................................................
Tumblers, table, i-pint..............................................
Table cutlery:
Carvers, stag handles..................................................
Knives and forks, cocobolo handles, m etal bolsters
Woodenware, oak-grained:
Pails, 3-hoop................................................................
Tubs..............................................................................
22,188
8,722
Dozen.
Dozen each.
2,645
Set.
196
1,178
1,829
Dozen.
Do.
Each.
5.359
5.359
11,687
Dozen.
Do.
Do.
615
102
Pair.
Gross.
40
866
Dozen.
Nest of 3.
182
W H O LE SA LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x A . — Table o f weights used in computing index numbers o f wholesale prices
for 1918 and 1919, by groups o f commodities—Concluded.
Group IX.—Miscellaneous.
Quantity
used as
weight (000
om itted).
Commodity.
Beer, western, light or dark................................................................................
Bran.......................................................................................................................
Cotton sped TnpaJ, primp.__________________________ _________ _. ___________
f!nttmr«wwl oil, primp, summer yellow . . . . . . . . . . . .
... .. .
U nit.
No weight.
4,618
1,675
1,187,464
312,798
537,294
47,591
Ton.
Do.
Pound.
Do.
Gallon.
Bushel.
Jute, raw...............................................................................................................
Lubricating oil, paraffin......................................................................................
Malt, standard keg beer......................................................................................
Paper:
2,388,164
News, wood, roll, annual contracts.............................................................
1,526,134
Wrapping, manila. No. 1 ju te.....................................................................
2,330
Phosphate rock, Florida land pebble, 68 per cen t...........................................
150,170
Rope, pure manila, f-inch (base size) ana larger.............................................
Ruober, Para Island, fine...................................................................................
84,568
Soap, laundry:
100 bars to a box, Cincinnati.......................................................................
12,631
11,578
100 bars to a box, Philadelphia....................................................................
694,810
Starch, laundry....................................................................................................
Tobacco:
Plug, Climax..................................................................................................
173,418
Smoking, granulated, Blackwell’s Bull Durham......................................
22,486
Whisky:
Bourbon—
4 years in bond, 100 proof, in barrels, K entucky...............................
31,251
Bottled in bond, K entucky..................................................................1,178
Proof sp ir its................................................................................................... No weight.
R ye—
4 years in bond, 100 proof, in barrels, Pennsylvania..........................
25,000
942
Bottled in bona, Pennsylvania............................................................
24,358
Wood pulp, sulphite, domestic, unbleached....................................................
Pound.
Do.
Ton.
Pound.
Do.
Box.
Do.
Pound.
Do.
Gross bags.
Gallon.
Case.
Gallon.
Case.
100 pounds.
APPENDIX B.—RELATIVE IM PORTANCE OF CO M M O D ITIES, AS M EAS
URED BY TH EIR WHOLESALE VALUES IN EXCHANGE IN 1909 AND 1919.
Group I.—Farm products.
1909
Commodity.
Cotton, middling:
New Orleans...........................................
New Y ork...............................................
Flaxseed, No. 1:
Chicago....................................................
M inneapolis............................................
Grain:
Barley, malting—
Choice to fancy................................
Fair to good.....................................
Corn, cash—
Contract grades................................
No. 3, m ix e d ...................................
Oats, c a s h ...............................................
Rye, No. 2, cash.....................................
Wheat, cash—
Chicago, No. 1, spring.....................
Chicago No. 2 winter ................
Chicago range of two grades
Kansas City No 2, winter .........
Minneapolis No 1 spring
Portland. Oreg., b/uestem..............
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
$654,960
16.15
4.45
31,470
.78
.21
50,753
1.25
.35
307,661
7.59
2.09
128,841
23,103
3.18
.57
.88
.16
819,894
20. 21
5.57
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
Value of com
modity
expressed as
peicentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
All
com
modi
ties.
$1,148,672
585,516
11.61
5.92
3.27
1.66
91,134
.92
.26
91,634
.93
.26
294,289
436,818
187,529
45,291
2.98
4.42
1.90
.46
.84
1.24
.53
.13
69,160
292.438
.70
2.96
.20
.83
600,111
623,176
99,170
6.07
6.30
1.00
1.71
1.77
.28
183
A PPEN D IX ES.
A p p e n d ix
B.— R elative im portance o f commodities, as m easured by their wholesale values
in exchange i n 1909 a n d 1 9 19 —Continued.
Group I.—Farm products—Concluded.
1909
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
minions).
CommQdity
Hay:
Alfalfa, No. 1 ............................................
Timothy, No. 1 .......................................
Hides:
Calfskins. No. 1 .......................................
Goatskins, Brazil.....................................
Green, salted, packers’—
H eavy native steers........................
H eavy Texas steers.........................
Hops:
New York State.....................................
Pacific Coast............................................
Live stock (for food):
Cattle, steers—
Choice to prim e................................
Good to choice.................................
Hogs—
H ea v y...............................................
L ight.................................................
Sheep—
E wes, poor to best...........................
Lambs, good to prime.....................
Wethers, common to b est..............
Wethers, w estern.............................
Peanuts, No. 1 grade.....................................
Poultry, live fowls:
Chicago....................................................
New York, choice...................................
Tobacco, Burley, dark red............................
Farm products.....................................
$143,798
vafue of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
3.55
0.98
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
vafue <§.
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
$160,638
182,067
1.62
1.84
0.46
.52
89,944
195,759
.91
1.98
.25
.56
151,894
3.74
1.03
241,689
109,839
2.44
1.11
.69
.31
9,654
.24
.07
9,109
18,069
.09
.18
.03
.05
304,211
534,933
7.50
13.19
2.07
3.64
773,364
1,450,359
7.82
14.66
2.20
144,703
422,005
3.57
10.40
.98
2.87
348,639
1,050,611
3.52
10.62
.99
2.99
1.25
.26
.34
.07
21,507
129,790
12,659
.22
50,504
10,410
1.31
.13
.06
.37
.04
32,160
.33
.09
.66
.79
3.60
.22
1.01
4.13
73,590
193,648
1.81
4.77
.50
1.32
65,411
78,520
355,938
4,056,032
100.00
27.58
9,891,010
100.00
28.14
0.24
$68,233
0.79
0.19
13,863
42,709
6,410
.16
.50
.07
.12
.02
59,735
182,489
28,313
2.12
3,328
9,740
1,517
.11
.02
28,375
.33
.08
3,332
10,465
.04
.01
.34
.19
Group II.—Food, etc.
Beans, medium, choice.................................
Butter:
Boston—
Creamery, extra...............................
Creamery, firsts...............................
Creamery, seconds...........................
Chicago—
Creamery, extra...............................
Creamery, extra firsts....................
Creamery, firsts................................
C incinnatiWhole milk, extra...........................
Creamery, firsts................................
Creamery, seconds...........................
Elgin. 111., creamery, E lgin ..................
St. Louis, creamery, extra.....................
N ew Orleans—
Creamery, fancy..............................
Creamery, choice..............................
N ew York—
Creamery, extra...............................
Creamery, firsts...............................
Creamery, seconds...........................
D airy.................................................
Philadelphia—
Creamery, extra...............................
Creamery, extra firsts.....................
Creamery, firsts...............................
San Francisco—
Creamery, extra...............................
Creamery, firsts...............................
$34,579
100,552
101,490
92,2io
0.89
2.59
2.61
2.37
.68
.69
.63
i Less than one one-hundredth of 1 per cent.
.04
.17
.52
.08
.70
.33
.01
.04
.12
.03
0
. 03
29,145
88,612
12,964
1.(6
.08
.25
.04
14,281
44,188
6,571
.17
.51
.08
.04
.13
3,225
9,626
.04
.01
.15
.11
.02
.03
184
W H O LE S A LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x B . — Relative importance o f commodities, as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919— Continued.
Group II.—Food, etc.—Continued.
1909
Commodity.
Canned goods:
Corn—
No, 2 fanny........... ...........................
Peas—
No. 2 sifted.......................................
Western, No. 5, sieve.......................
Cheese:
New York, average, fancy.....................
Eggs:
Boston, firsts, w estern...........................
Chicago, firsts, fresh...............................
Cincinnati, firsts, fresh..........................
New Orleans, candled, western............
N ew York, firsts, fresh..........................
N ew York, new laid, near-by, fan cy...
Philadelphia, extra nrsts.......................
San Francisco, fresh...............................
Fish:
C odDry Bank, B oston..........................
Large, shore, Gloucester..................
Herring—
Nova Scotia, sp lit............................
Domestic, split.................................
Mackerel, salt, large, No. 3 s ..................
Salmon, canned—
Alaska, red .......................................
Chinook, fancy, Is............................
Flour:
Buckw heat..............................................
Rye—
Minneapolis, medium straight.......
New Y ork.......................................
Wheat—
Kansas City, Food Administra
tion standard................................
Minneapolis, Food Administra
tion standard................................
N ew York, spring patents..............
N ew York, w inter straights...........
St. Louis, Food Administration
standard.......................................
Toledo, Food Administration
standard........................................
Portland, Oreg., Food Adm inis
tration standard..........................
Fruit:
Apples, B aldw in.....................................
Bananas, Jamaica, 8s.............................
Currants, uncleaned, in barrels............
Lemons, California.................................
Oranges, California.................................
Prunes, California...................................
Raisins, California..................................
GlUCOSe, 42 , mi-ring.....................................
Lard, prime, contract...................................
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
Value in ex of aggregate
value of—
change
(expressed in
millions).
A ll
Com
A ll
com
modi com
modi
ties in modi
ties.
group.
ties.
$13,536
0.35
0.09
16,524
.43
.11
24,852
.64
52,516
81,310
$26,080
0.30
0.07
.17
17,307
52,931
.20
.62
.05
.15
1.35
.36
2.09
.55
42,508
44,559
23,022
185,361
.49
.52
.27
2.16
.12
.13
.07
.53
49,152
112,338
46,325
36,808
122,486
.57
1.31
.54
.43
1.43
.14
.32
.13
.40
.35
51,209
49,198
.60
.57
. 15
.14
6,773
.08
.02
4,156
4,144
.05
.05
.01
.01
56,008
.65
.16
291,537
7.50
1.98
4,809
.12
.03
3,032
.08
.02
1,946
.05
.01
31,333
.81
.21
4,740
.12
.03
7,150
463,299
146,234
.18
11.92
3.76
.05
3.15
.99
1,939
.05
.01
7,370
18,163
19,047
145,374
. 19
.47
.49
3.74
.05
.12
. 13
.99
10,678
.12
.03
13,393
. i6
.04
251,508
2.93
.72
386,246
4.49
1.10
173,158
2.02
.49
172,955
2.01
.49
233,090
2.71
.66
180,476
74,763
6,410
22,506
95,068
27,495
35,244
42,342
360,885
2.10
.87
.07
.26
1.11
.32
.41
.49
4.20
.51
.21
.02
.06
.27
.08
.10
12
1.03
185
APP E N D IX E S.
AprENDix B.— Relative importance o f commodities, as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919— Continued.
Group II.—Food, etc.—Concluded.
1909
Commodity.
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
MeaL com:
Fine w h ite ............... .
. ......... ,
Fine w hite...............................................
"Finn yellow ................. ...................
W hite table.............................................
Meat:
Bacon—
Short clear sides...............................
Short rib sides.................................
Beef, fresh—
Chicago, good native steers............
New York, native sid es..................
Beef, salt, extra, m ess............................
Hams, smoked........................................
Lambs, dressed, round..........................
Mutton, dressed......................................
Pork, salt, mess......................................
Poultry, dressed fowls—
Chicago, iced....................................
New York, w estern.........................
Veal, good to prim e...............................
Milk, fresh:
Chicago (vicin ity)...................................
N ew York (v icin ity ).............................
San Francisco (v icin itv )........................
Molasses, New Orleans, open kettle............
Oleomargarine, standard qu a lity ................
Oleo oil, extra................................................
Olive oil:
Spanish....................................................
Rice:
Domestic, choice, head..........................
Domestic, Blue Kose..............................
Honduras, head......................................
Salt, American, m edium ..............................
Spices: Pepper, black, Singapore................
Sugar:
96° centrifugal.........................................
Granulated, in barrels...........................
Tallow:
Chicago, packers’ prim e........................
New Y o rk ...............................................
Tea: Formosa, fine........................................
Vegetables, fresh:
Onions—
jChicago.............................................
New Y ork........................................
Potatoes, white—
Good to choice.................................
Ordinary to fancy............................
Vinegar, cider, 40-grain.................................
Food, e tc .............................................
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
$43,350
1.12
0.29
42,961
1.11
.30
43,480
42,035
1.12
1.08
230,464
199,735
6,966
103,472
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
$92,548
1.08
0.26
105,414
1.23
.30
.30
.29
107,904
98,711
1.26
1.15
.31
.28
5.93
5.14
.18
2.66
1.57
1.36
.05
•70
44,568
101,618
1.15
2.61
.30
.69
491,025
452,088
19,643
271,160
91,582
47,564
248,477
5.71
5.26
.23
3.16
1.07
.55
2.89
1.40
1.29
.06
.77
.26
.13
.71
68,411
1.76
.47
62,728
75,426
79,349
.73
.88
.92
.18
.21
.23
261,919
6.74
1.78
19,492
.50
.13
227,513
234,952
114,376
49,955
47,462
45,267
2.65
2.73
1.33
.53
.55
.53
.65
.67
.33
.13
.13
.13
11,902
.14
.03
42,381
1.09
.29
18,096
2,577
.47
.07
.12
.02
45,702
23,092
45,443
7,335
.53
.27
.53
.09
.13
.07
.13
.02
252,641
350,661
6.50
9.02
1.72
2.38
474,334
658,594
5.52
7.66
1.35
31,193
.36
.09
40,117
.47
.11
14,388
.17
.04
567,237
6.60
1.61
30,427
.35
.09
8,592,611
100.00
24.45
$7,505
0.15
0.02
2,679
.05
.01
12,071
26,445
.31
.68
.08
.18
9,206
.24
.06
272,599
17,713
7.01
.46
1.85
.1 2
3,876,403
100.00
26.34
1 .8 7
Group III.—Cloths and clothing.
Blankets:
All-wool, 5 pounds to the pair.
Cotton—
2 pounds to the pair..........
5 pounds to the pair..........
$3,002
791
0.18
"*05"
0.02
’ \’ oi*
186
W H O LE SA LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x B . — Relative importance o f commodities, as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919 — C o n tin u e d .
Group III.—Cloths and clothing—Continued.
1909
Commodity.
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
value of—
Value in ex
change
of aggregate
value of—
millions).
Com
modi
ties in
group.
Boots and shoes:
Children’s, gun metal, button..............
L ittle boys’, gun metal, blucher..........
Men’s—
Brogans, sp lit...................................
Creedmores, sp lit.............................
Vici calf, blucher..............................
Gun metal, blucher.........................
Gun metal, bu tton..........................
Vici kid, Goodyear w elt.................
Misses’, vici patent, b u tto n ..................
W omen’s—
Gun metal, Goodyear w e lt............
Patent-leather pum p.......................
Gun metal, McKay sewed..............
Solid grain........................................
Y ouths’, gun metal, blucher................
Broadcloth, first quality, black...................
Carpets:
Brussels, Bigelow, 5-frame....................
Lowell—
A xm inster........................................
Ingrain, 2-ply...................................
Wilton, Bigelow, 5-frame......................
Cotton, flannel:
Colored, 2f yards to the pou nd............
Unbleached,
yards to the pound___
Cotton thread................................................
Cotton yarns, carded, mule-spun:
10/1, white, northern, cones..................
20/2, w hite, northern, cones.................
22/1, w hite, northern, cones.................
40/2, white, northern, cones.................
D enims, 2.20 yards to th e p ou nd................
Drillings, brown:
Pepperell.................................................
Massachusetts D standard....................
Stark A ....................................................
Flannels, all-wool, w h ite .............................
Ginghams:
Amoskeag................................................
Lancaster................................................
Hosiery:
Men’s—
Cotton half hose, 22-ounce..............
Cotton half hose, 17-ounce..............
Seamless, cashmere, half h ose..............
W omen’s—
Full-fashioned..................................
Seamless, single thread..................
Cotton hose, 16-ounce.....................
Leather:
Calf, chrome, B grade............................
Glazed kid, black...................................
Harness, oak—
California, No. 1...............................
No. 1 ,17 pounds and u p .................
Side black, chrome, B grade..........
Sole—
Hemlock, middles, No. 1................
Oak, scoured backs, h ea v y .............
Linen shoe thread, 10s..................................
Overcoatings:
Covert cloth.............................................
Kersey, 27 to 28 ounce............................
Kersey, wool-dyed, 56-inch...................
Soft-faced, black, plain tw ill.................
Value of com
modity
expressed as
$37,555
2.28
‘ *92,'323
5.*60"
81,370
55
90,024
5.46
*40,* 337'
*2.45*
6,307
.38
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
$30,723
32,984
0.61
0.09
36,934
142,792
110,477
126,752
136,062
39,112
.74
2.85
2.20
2.53
2.71
.78
.11
.41
.31
.36
.39
.11
169,703
117,746
145,168
3.38
2.35
2.89
.41
50,496
1.01
.14
18,024
.36
40,122
.05
.11
6,144
13,584
.37
33,176
.66
15,654
11,056
20,651
.95
.67
1.25
59,814
41,010
29,027
1.19
.8 2
.58
.17
.12
.08
47,730
2.90
54,840
3.33
86,384
50,189
96,430
74,454
38,458
1. 72
1.00
1.92
1.48
.77
.25
.14
.27
.21
.11
35,168
32,849
.70
.66
*i3,*675*
**83‘
10,942
.66
11,265
1,771
.11
21,067
21,354
1.28
1.30
20,103
1.22
23,418
19,753
1.42
1.20
43,975
2.67
37,568
2.28
36,553
36,108
3,407
2.22
2.19
.21
4.018
4.018
4.019
.24
.24
.24
01
14
30
3,345
.07
67,752
63,345
1.35
1.26
.19
.18
52,232
8,415
1.04
.17
.15
.02
57,587
1.15
.16
57,276
1.14
*i6
184,341
213,314
3.68
4.25
.52
.61
.21
75,097
1.50
91,547
1.83
*26
75,730
79,946
6,509
1.51
1.59
.13
.22
.23
.02
12,879
.26
.04
A PPEN D IX ES.
187
A p p e n d ix B . — Relative importance o f commodities, as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919— Continued.
Group III.— Cloths and clothing—Continued.
1909
Commodity.
Print cloths:
27-inch........................................
28-inch..................................................
Sheetings:
Bleached—
Pepperell, 10-4.................................
Wamsutta, 10-4...............................
Brown—
Indian Head. 4-4.............................
Lawrence L. L., 4-4........................
Pepperell R, 4-4..............................
Ware Shoals L. L., 4-4
Shirtings, bleached muslin, 4-4:
Fruit of th e L oom ..................................
Lonsdale (new construction)
Lonsdale (old construction)..................
Rough Rider........................................
W amsutta<^ ^ > ...................................
Silk, raw:
Italian, classical......................................
JApan, Kansai, No. 1..............................
Japan, special extra
Suitings:
Clay worsted, diagonal—
12-ounce............................................
16-ounce............................................
Middlesex, wool-dyed, blue—
14-ounce............................................
15-ounce..........................................
Serge, 11-ounce......................................
Tickings, Amoskeag, A. C. A ......................
Trouserings, fancy worsted..........................
Underwear:
All-wool, shirts and drawers ............
Cotton—
Men’s shirts and drawers ............
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
All
com
modi
ties.
$106,494
6.46
0. 72
11, 111
11,111
.67
.67
7.408
7.408
7.408
.45
.4 5
.45
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
1293,674
5.86
0.84
.08
.08
25.635
35.636
.51
.71
.07
. 10
.05
.05
.05
22,814
.46
.07
20, 726
22,170
.41
.44
.06
.06
33,053
30,743
.66
.61
.09
.09
32,774
37,482
.65
.75
.09
.11
154,592
55,937
3.08
1.12
.44
.16
48,974
62,902
.98
1. 25
. 14
.18
80,050
59,693
40,527
70,139
1.60
1.19
.81
1.40
.23
. 17
.12
.20
258,631
36,548
5.16
. 73
.74
. 10
76,080
1.52
.22
43,277
.86
.1 2
44,286
.88
.13
11,111
.67
.08
11,111
11,672
1 1,111
.67
.71
.67
.08
.08
.08
25,404
66,847
1.54
4.06
. 17
.45
24,712
29,654
1.50
1.80
. 17
.20
31,451
1. 91
.21
21,343
13,675
49,611
1. 30
.83
3.01
. 15
.09
.34
45,648
2. 77
.31
W o m e n ’ s union su its _______
Merino—
Men’s
cent
Men’s
cent
shirts and drawers, 50 per
w ool.........................
shirts and. draw ers, 60 per
w ool................. ......
U n ion suits. 40 Der cent w o o l_____
W omen’s dress goods:
All-wool—
Cashmere. 35-inch..............
French serge, 35-inch.......................
Panama cloth, 54-inch
.........
Storm serge, double warp..............
Broadcloth, 53-54 inches................
Cotton w arp—
Cashmere, Atlantic Mills................
Cashmere, Hamilton Mills..............
Poplar cloth, 36-inch.......................
Sicilian cloth, 50-inch......................
Wool, Ohio, scoured fleece :
Fine ( X and X X g ra d es)....................
Fine clothing..........................................
Fine delaine............................................
Half blood...............................................
Medium (J and f grades).......................
Medium ( i and § grades).......................
4,806
.29
Vaiue in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
.03
25,057
1.52
.1 7
32,869
1. 99
.22
4,350
3,689
3,722
4,659
.26
.22
.23
.28
86,224
5. 23
. 59
38,078
2. 31
.26
.03
.03 ...........12," 180*
.03
10,966
.03
13,051
.24* ....... .*03
.22
.03
.26
.04
129,243
52,883
62, 750
2. 58
1. 05
1.25
.39
. 15
.18
55,615
1.11
.16
188
W H O LE SA LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
A p p e n d i x B .— Relative importance o f commodities, as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919— Continued.
Group III.— Cloths and clothing—Concluded.
1909
Value of com
modity
expressed as
Value in ex
percentage
of aggregate
change
(expressed in
value of—
millions).
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
Com
modi
ties in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
Com
modi
ties in
group.
$82,438
5.00
0.56
23,299
1.41
.16
$102,070
41,067
114,603
2.04
.82
2.29
0.29
. 12
.33
1,647,863
100.00
11.23
5,014,324
100.00
14. 26
$2,171
0.07
0.01
46,651
187,449
107,817
166,388
1.53
6.13
3.53
5.44
. 13
. 53
144,185
4. 72
. . I l ___
.41
311,805
10. 20
.89
130,430
166,370
32,055
58,121
444,884
191,869
186,999
132,380
4.27
5.44
1.05
1.90
14. 55
6.28
4.33
.37
.47
.09
. 16
1.27
.5 5
.53
.38
17,020
.56
.05
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
Commodity.
1919
A ll
com
modi
ties.
Worsted yams:
2-,Kns. firtp.__________________________
Group IV.—Fuel and lighting.
Coal:
Anthracite—
Broken..............................................
Chestnut............................................
Egg....................................................
Stove.................................................
Bituminous—
Georges Creek, at m ine...................
N ew River. . ...........................................
Georges Creek, New York
$2,789
0.18
0.02
25,265
109,279
65,147
98,228
1.66
7.20
4.29
6.47
.1 7
.74
.44
.67
132,442
8.72
.90
293,049
19. 30
1. 99
217,522
14. 33
1.48
Pocahontas........... .................
Y oughiogheny..................................
Cincinnati, run of mine ................
Chicago, prepared sizes...................
Chicago, run of mine ...................
fThiftasro_ serpp.ninflfs
_____________
i
Pittsburgh, prepared sizes
St. Louis, run of m ine____
Coke, Connellsville, furnace.........................
Gasoline, m o t o r ...................................................
Matches:
Domestic, parlor.......................
Birds Eye, Safe Home, and SearchIteht _______________________
Petroleum:
Crude—
California..........................................
Kansas-Oklahoma...........................
Pennsylvania___ •............................
Refined—
110° fire test, S. W .........................
15ft° fire test.7 W . W _ _.......... ............
Fuel and licrhtiner__________ _
79,027
5.21
.5 4
18,107
1.19
.12
6.12
.31
. 47
304,668
20.07
2.07
92,561
166,963
151,467
3.03
5.46
4.95
.26
.48
.43
69,923
102,581
4. 61
6. 76
.48
.70
151,318
167,814
4.95
5.49
.43
.48
1,518,027
100.00
3,056,717
100.00
8.70
10.32
Group V.-—Metals and metal products.
Bar iron:
Best refined, Philadelphia....................
Common, Pittsburgh.............................
Copper:
Ingot........................................................
Wire, bare, No. 8 ....................................
Iron ore, Mesaoi, Bessempr..............................
Lead, pig, desilverized..................................
Lead pipe........................................................
Nails, wire, 8-penny......................................
$19,065
15,816
2.29
1.90
0.13
$41,381
36,614
1.90
0.12
.10
172,061
41,370
20.62
4.96
1.17
3. 76
.61
3.20
.21
11. 51
2.84
15.03
1.94
.35
2.25
.71
31,409
5,100
26,673
250,807
61,930
327,539
42,318
7,688
48,961
.11
.28
.03
.18
1.68
.18
.93
. 12
.02
.14
189
APPENDIXES.
A p p e n d ix B . —
R elative im portance o f com m odities, as m easured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 a n d 1 9 19 — Continued.
Group V.—Metals and metal products—Continued.
1909
1919
Value of com
m odity
expressed as
percentage
Value in ex
Value in ex of aggregate
value of—
change
change
(expressed in
(expressed in
millions).
m illions).
Com
All
modi com
ties in modi
group.
ties.
Commodity.
Pig iron:
B asic........................................................
Bessemer.................................................
Foundry—
No. 1..................................................
No. 2, northern................................
No. 2, southern................................
Gray forge, southern..............................
Pipe, cast-iron, 6-inch...................................
Silver, bar, fine..................................... ........
Steel:
Billets, Bessemer....................................
Plates, tank, J inch th ick ......................
Rails, standard—
Bessemer..........................................
Open-hearth.....................................
Structural................................................
Tin:
P ig ...........................................................
Plate, coke—
New Y ork........................................
Pittsburgh........................................
Wire:
Barbed, galvanized................................
Plain annealed........................................
Zinc:
Sheet........................................................
Spelter (pig zinc), w estern....................
Metals and metal products................
Value of com
m odity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
All
Com
modi com
ties in modi
group.
ties.
$48,248
36,362
2.21
1.67
0.14
.10
77,512
82,271
3. 56
3. 77
.22
.23
. 54
65,896
170,935
3.02
7. 84
. 19
.49
14.67
.83
201,557
142,458
9.25
6.53
. 57
.41
84,672
10.15
.58
83,516
61,925
139,413
3.83
2. 84
6.40
. 24
. 18
.40
61,742
2.83
.17
$20,333
2.44
0.14
45,529
41,961
5.46
5.03
\
7,648
.92
.05
79,267
9. 50
122,390
31
.29
27,879
3.34
.19
48,458
5.81
.33
91,736
4.21
.26
15,266
1.83
.10
28,907
29,827
1.33
1.37
.08
.08
3,826
25,616
.46
3.07
.03
.17
5,666
34,403
. 26
1.58
.02
.10
834,339
100.00
5.67
2,179,612
100.00
6.20
Group VI.—Lumber and building materials.
Brick, common:
Chicago, salmon...................................
Cincinnati, red, building...................
New York, red, bu ilding...................
Cement, Portland, domestic.....................
Glass:
Plate, polished, glazing—
3 to 5 square feet..........................
5 to 10 square feet........................
Window, American, single, 25-inchA A .................................................
A ....................................................
B ....................................................
Lath, eastern spruce, l£-meh slab ...........
Lime, common...........................................
Lumber:
Douglas fir—
No. 1.............................................
No. 2 and better......................... .
Hemlock............................................
Maple..................................................
Oak, w hite—
P la in............................................
Quartered....................................
Pine—
W hite, boards, No. 2, barn.......
W hite, boards, uppers................
Yellow, flooring..........................
Yellow, siding, N ew York.........
Yellow, siding, N orfolk.............
Poplar, yellow ...................................
Spruce, eastern..................................
$62,526
92,375
3.71
5.48
0.43
.63
$29,202
44,336
52,088
207,115
0.85
1.30
1.52
6.06
0.08
.13
.15
.59
5,014
7,003
.30
.42
.05
11,498
14,482
.34
.42
.03
.04
8,030
.48
.05
.73
.69
.83
1.82
.07
.07
.08
.18
24,326
1.44
‘.'if
24,951
23,439
* 28,293
62,224
62,800
34,317
3.73
2.04
.43
.23
92,568
48,155
121,277
76,014
2.71
1.41
3.44
2.22
.26
.14
.34
.22
71,221
248,193
4.23
14.73
.48
1.69
150,226
461,683
4.39
13.51
.43
1.31
130,236
36,286
466,262
201,687
7.73
2.15
27.67
11.97
.89
.25
3.17
1.37
223,909
54,827
801,971
6.55
1.60
23.46
.64
.16
2.28
49,500
44,162
2.94
2.62
.34
.30
332,668
94,490
79,798
9. 73
2.76
2.33
.95
.27
.23
6,399
.04
190
A p p e n d ix
B.— Relative importance of commodities,
as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919—Continued.
Group VI.—Lumber and building materials—Concluded.
1909
1919
Value of com
modity
expressed as
percentage
Commodity.
Value in ex(expressed in
millions).
Paint materials:
Lead, carbonate of (w h ite lea d ).
Linseed oil, raw.......................... s
Turpentine, spirits of..................
Zinc, oxide of (zinc, w h ite).........
P u tty ....................................................
Rosin, common to good, strained___
Shingles, 16 inches long:
Cypress..........................................
R ed cedar......................................
Lumber and building m aterials.
value of-
Value in ex
change
(expressed in
millions).
Value of com
m odity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
A ll
com
modi
ties.
Commodities in
group.
A ll
com
modi
ties.
$15,749
59,466
14,609
7,422
762
12,856
0.93
3.53
.87
.44
.05
.76
0.11
.40
.10
.05
.01
.09
$32,437
181,352
36,022
12,532
2,959
55,831
0.09
.52
.10
.03
.01
.16
24,060
1.43
.16
8,375
53,882
.02
.15
1,685,261
100.00
11.47
3,418,604
100.00
$1,747
3,252
2,047
12,989
0.44
.82
.51
3.26
0)
0.01
.01
.04
59.66
4.04
2.88
.91
1.52
.75
6.11
1.39
.48
.68
.05
.03
.01
.02
.01
.07
.01
Com
modi
ties in
group.
Group VII.—Chemicals and drugs.
Acids:
Acetic, 28°...............................................
Muriatic, 20°___
Nitric, 42°................................................
Sulphuric, 66°......................................
Alcohol:
Grain, 190 proof, U. S. P .......................
Wood, refined, 95 per cent.....................
Alum , lu m p ...................................................
Ammonia, anhydrous...................................
Borax, crystals...............................................
Copper, sulphate...........................................
Glycerin, refined...........................................
Opium, natural, in cases..........................
Quinine, manufacturers’ quotations.......
Soda:
Carbonate................................................
Caustic......................................................
Nitrate (Chile saltpeter)........................
Soda a sh .........................................................
Sulphur, crude (brim stone).........................
Chemicals and drugs..........................
$1,383
0.75
0.01
13,672
7.44
.09
128,027
6,318
4,881
69.68
3.44
2.66
.87
.04
.03
20,970
2,264
3,205
11.41
1.23
.18
.14
.02
0)
237,541
16,087
11,464
3,623
6,050
2,983
24,338
5,531
1,915
.63
2.04
6.12
6.55
1.89
.01
.02
.07
.07
.02
0)
5,896
3.21
.04
2,510
8,134
24,345
26,069
7,504
183,736
100.00
1.24
398,129
100.00
1.13
Group V m .—House-furnishing goods.
Earthenware:
Plates, 7-inch—
Cream-colored..........
W hite granite..........
Teacups and saucers___
Furniture:
Bedroom sets, 3 p ie c e s..
Caairs, bedroom.............
Chairs, kitchen...............
Tables, kitch en..............
Glassware, common:
Nappies, 4-inch..............
Pitchers, ^-gallon............
Tumblers, table, 4-pint..
Table cutlery:
Carvers, 8-inch................
Knives and forks............
$4,924
4,924
4,925
7.62
7.62
7.62
0.03
.03
.03
$23,628
11,941
12.86
6.50
0.07
.03
28,764
1,764
6,577
2,744
44.50
2.73
10.18
4.25
.20
.01
.04
.02
104,656
4,486
16,143
6,759
56.96
2.44
8.79
3.68
.30
.01
.05
.02
627
5,338
1,568
.97
8.26
2.43
0)
.04
.01
1,474
8,548
3,827'
.80
4.65
2.08
0)
461
510
.71
.79
h
764
1,357
.42
.74
C1)
0)
1Less than one one-hundredth of 1 per cent.
.02
.01
191
APP E N D IX E S.
A p p e n d ix B .— Relative importance o f commodities, as measured by their wholesale values
in exchange in 1909 and 1919— Concluded.
Group VIII.—House-furnishing goods—Concluded.
1909
1919
Value of com
m odity
expressed as
percentage
Value in ex
Value in ex of aggregate
value of—
change
change
(expressed in
(expressed in
m illions).
m illions).
Com
A ll
modi com
ties in modi
group.
ties.
Commodity.
Wooden ware:
Pails, 3-hoop...........................................
Tubs, 3 in nest, 19-23 inches.................
House-furnishing goods......................
Value of com
m odity
expressed as
percentage
of aggregate
value of—
A ll
Com
m odi com
ties in modi
group.
ties.
0.12
2.21
0)
.01
$150
0.08
64,632 | 100.00
1
.42
183,733
100.00
.51
6.36
8.25
1.18
0.36
.47
.07
37,440
4.44
.25
$179,636
115,959
285,704
35,284
164,305
70,911
7,44
4.80
11.83
1.46
6.80
2.94
0.51
.33
.81
.10
.47
.20
48,957
72,491
5.80
8.59
.33
.49
12,629
125,245
1.50
14.84
.09
.85
92,661
182,373
11,650
39,239
40,813
3.84
7.55
.48
1.63
1.69
.26
.52
.03
.11
.12
180,968
29,807
21.45
3.53
1.23
.20
77,773
74,831
3.22
3.10
.22
.21
50,652
2.10
.15
81,506
9.66
.55
157,550
6.52
.45
121,425
14.39
.83
206,332
8.55
.59
234,383
35,524
9.71
1.47
.67
.10
243,603
29,584
85,779
10.09
1.23
3.55
.69
.09
.24
5.72
2,414,546
100.00
100.00
35,149,286
$77
1,429
0)
Group IX.—Miscellaneous.
Bran................................................................
Cottonseed meal, prim e................................
Cottonseed oil, prime....................................
Jute, ra w ........................................................
Lubricating oil, paraffin...............................
Malt, standard keg beer...............................
Paper:
News, wood, roll, contract....................
Wrapping, manila, No. 1, jute..............
Phosphate rock.............................................
Rope, pure m an ila.....................................
Rubber, Para Island, fin e............................
Soap, laundry:
100 bars to a box of 68f pounds............
100 bars to a box of 75 pounds..............
Soap, to ilet.....................................................
Starch, laundry.............................................
Tobacco:
Climax—
12 pieces to the pound.....................
14^ ounces to the plug.....................
Smoking, granulated—
Blackwell’s B ull D urham ..............
Seal of North Carolina.....................
W hisky, straight:
Bourbon—
In barrels, Kentucky.......................
In bottles, Kentucky.......................
Rye—
In barrels, Pennsylvania................
In bottles, Pennsylvania................
Wood pulp, sulphite, dom estic...................
$53,662
69,649
9,947
Miscellaneous.......................................
843,726
All commodities..................................
14,710,019
100.00
6.87
100.00
1 Less than one one-hundredth of 1 per cent.
APPENDIX C.—WHOLESALE PRICES IN OTH ER COUNTRIES.
GREAT BRITAIN.
According to the British Labor Gazette, the official organ of the
Ministry of Labor, for January, 1920 (p. 5), the general level of whole
sale prices continued to rise throughout the years 1917 to 1919. The
index number of the Board of Trade1 for 1917, based on the price
1 A full explanation of the British Board of Trade index numbers may be found in Bulletin No. 173 of the
U nited States Bureau of Labor Statistics, p. 255 et seq.
192
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
movements of 47 principal articles, weighted in accordance with their
estimated consumption2 in 1881-1890, stood at 243 as compared with
186.5 in 1916. For 1918 the index number was 267.4 and for 1919 it
was 296.3. In each instance these yearly index numbers were the
highest on record. The figures for each year from 1871 to 1919 are
shown in the following table:
IN D E X N U M B E R S OF 47 ARTICLES, IN G R E A T B R IT A IN , FO R EACH Y E A R , 1871 TO
1919, INC LU SIV E, T H E Y E A R 1900 B E IN G T A K E N AS T H E B A SE, OR 100.
[Source: The Labor Gazette, January, 1919, p. 5, and January, 1920, p. 5.]
Index
number.
Year.
1871___
1872..............................
1873..................................
1874.............
1875..................
1876..............................
1877. ..
1878.......................
1879................................
1880..................................
1881___
1882..................
1883..................................
1884...........
1885........................
1886.......................
1887..................................
135.6
145.2
151.9
146.9
140.4
137.1
140.4
131.1
125.0
129.0
126.6
127.7
125.9
114.1
107.0
101.0
98.8
Index
number.
Year.
1888...............................
1889...............................
1890...............................
1891...............................
1892...............................
1893...............................
1894...............................
1895...............................
1896...............................
1897...............................
1898...............................
1899...............................
1900...............................
1901..............................
1902...............................
1903...............................
1904...............................
101.8
103.4
103.3
106.9
101.1
99.4
93.5
90.7
88.2
90.1
93.2
92.2
100.0
96.7
96.4
96.9
98.2
Index
number.
Year.
1905............................
1906............................
1907...............................
1908............................
1909...............................
1910............................
1911........................
1912..........................
1913...............................
1914...............................
1915........................
1916............................
1917...............................
1918........................
1919 «.........................
97.6
100.8
106.0
103.0
104.1
108.8
109.4
114.9
116.5
117.2
143.9
186.5
243.0
269.8
296.3
a P relim inary.
In the next table are shown the index numbers of the 47 articles
since 1900, classified into four groups.
IN D E X N U M B E R S OF 47 ARTICLES, C LASSIFIED B Y GROUPS, IN G R E A T B R IT A IN ,
FO R EACH Y E A R , 1900 TO 1919, INC LU SIV E, T H E Y E A R 1900 B E IN G T A K E N AS TH E
B ASE Y E A R OF TH E SER IES.
[Source: The Labor Gazette, January, 1920, p. 5.]
Year. ‘
Coal and
metals.
Textiles
Food,
(raw ma drink, and
terials).
tobacco.
Miscella A ll articles
neous.
combined.
1900..................................................................
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
1901..................................................................
1902...................................................................
1903...................................................................
1904..................................................................
1905..................................................................
1906...................................................................
1907...................................................................
1908..................................................................
1909...................................................................
1910..................................................................
1911...................................................................
1912...................................................................
1913..................................................................
1914 (January to Ju ly)...................................
1914 (August to December) ®........................
1914 (year).......................................................
1915..................................................................
1916..................................................................
1917..................................................................
1918..................................................................
1919 &................................................................
82.2
76.1
74.1
70.9
71.3
78.3
86.9
78.5
73.6
76.6
74.7
84.9
92.5
86.2
88.8
86.7
116.7
165.8
182.0
204.9
280.2
93.3
92.3
101.7
112.9
106.7
121.1
127.4
109.8
112.4
136.2
128.9
119.6
135.0
135.1
116.8
128.8
119.8
180.1
270.4
354.4
373.3
100.1
101.4
100.6
101.2
101.2
101.0
105.5
107.0
108.7
109.2
111.6
119.9
117.7
114.8
130.4
120.9
154.1
189.4
246.2
259.3
279.4
96.3
92.5
91.7
88.3
91.1
95.6
99.7
94.8
96.5
104.3
105.5
110.1
109.4
106.2
119.1
111.3
143.8
204.0
256.3
268.6
316.6
96.7
96.4
96.9
98.2
97.6
100.8
106.0
103.0
104.1
108.8
109.4
114.9
116.5
113.6
122.6
117.2
143.9
186.5
243.0
267.4
296.3
a First five months of the war.
& Preliminary.
8 The amount of consumption of an article is the production plus the imports, if any, minus the exports,
if any. (See Bulletin No. 173, p. 259.)
193
APP E N D IX E S.
It will be noted that since 1908 the upward movement has been
continuous, with sharp advances in the years 1915 to 1919, incident
to the war. Comparing the figures for 1919 with those for the pre
vious year, it is seen that the index number for the coal and metal
group was nearly 37 per cent higher than in 1918, when there was an
increase of more than 12 per cent over the 1917 index. Pig iron and
coal increased considerably in price, while decreases were shown for
other metals. The figures for textiles (raw materials), when com
pared with the index number for 1918, show an average increase of 5
per cent. In 1918 prices averaged over 31 per cent higher than in 1917,
due mainly to raw cotton, which showed an increase in price of 48 per
cent. In the food, drink, and tobacco group the index number for 1919
increased nearly 8 per cent over the number for the previous year.
British barley, and oats, and imported wheat increased in price, while
maize and rice decreased. Potatoes increased nearly 27 per cent in
average price. Higher prices were reported for meat, fish, dairy
produce, sugar, tea, coffee, cocoa, tobacco, and wines. In the group
of miscellaneous commodities linseed increased by 20 per cent, palm
oil by 50 per cent, hewn fir by 24 per cent, and bricks by 31 per cent
in comparison with prices in 1918. The index number for the whole
group was nearly 18 per cent larger in 1919 than in 1918.
In the January 10, 1920, issue of the E conom ist3 (p. 54) is pub
lished the usual table of index numbers 4 of wholesale prices compiled
by that periodical, the figures being brought up to the end of Decem
ber, 1919. It is stated in the introduction to the table that the
December index shows a further large increase, the total at the end
of the year having amounted to 7,364 as compared with 6,985 for
November, and 6,094 at the end of 1918. Compared with the end
of July, 1914, the last prewar month, the index shows an increase
of 187 per cent.
IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W HOLESA LE PRICES IN G REAT B R IT A IN .
[Source: The Economist, Jan. 10, 1920, p. 54.]
Date.
Cereals
and
meat.
f
Other
Miscella
food
neous
products Textiles. Minerals. (rubber,
(tea,
timber,
sugar,
oils,
etc.).
etc.).
Total.
Percent
age
change.
500
500
300
400
500
2200
100.0
B a sis (average, 1901-1905).......
355
491
2623
563
642
572
119.2
January 1 ,1 9 1 4 ............................
560 !
350|
626!
567
2597
493
118.0
April 1 ,1 9 1 4 .................................
345
616
565!
471J
551
2549
115.9
July 1 ,1914...................................
579
616 J
464!
553
2565
116.6
E nd July, 1914.............................
352
626
641
474
588
2698
122.6
369
End August, 1914........................
126.4
645
646
611!
End September, 1914..................
405
472J
2780
560 !
458
657
2732
124.2
656!
End October, 1914.......................
400!
684!
125.5
512
End November, 1914..................
683
407J
473
2760
509
127.3
686!
2800
714
476
End December, 1914...................
414 !
597
644
797
3305
150.2
427
840
E nd March, 1915..........................
147.7
779
624
3250
818
428
601
E nd June, 1915............................
667
619J
769!
3336 |
151.6
809!
E nd September, 1915..................
470!
3The Economist, W eekly Commercial Times, Bankers’ Gazette, and Railway Monitor; A Political,
Literary, and General Newspaper, Granville House, Arundel Street, Strand, London, W. C. 2.
4 For a full explanation of the Economist index numbers, see B ulletin No. 173 of the U nited States Bureau
of Labor Statistics, pp. 261-269.
146726°— 20— B u ll. 269------IB
194
W H O LE SA LE PRIC ES, 1890 TO 1919.
I N D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O L E SA L E PR IC ES 1ST GR EA T B R IT A IN —Concluded.
Date.
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
End
End
End
E nd
End
End
End
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
E nd
End
End
End
End
E nd
End
E nd
December, 1915..
March, 1916........
June, 1916...........
September, 1916.
December, 1916..
March, 1917.........
June, 1917...........
September, 1917.
December, 1917..
March, 1918.........
June, 1918...........
September, 1918.
October, 1918___
November, 1918.
December, 1918..
January, 1919—
February, 1919..
March, 1919........
April, 1919..........
May, 1919............
June, 1919...........
July, 1919............
August, 1919.......
September, 1919.
October, 1919___
November, 1919.
December, 1919..
Cereals
and
meat.
897
9494
989
1018
1294
1346
14324
12214
1286*
1238"
1274
1246*
1271
1289
1303
1287
1288*
1285
13064
13104
1338
1339|
1380
1399
1412
14274
1441|
Other
food
products Textiles. Minerals.
(tea,
sugar,
etc.).
446
503
520
536|
553
610J
6524
726
686
697
7774
7791
780
782*
7824
782*
782|
752
776*
800
805§
822*
817J
838
866
8814
731
7964
794
937
11244
1226
1441
1509|
1684|
1777
18114
1929
1889
1848
18054
16184
15964
1502
1512|
1643
1741|
1854*
18774
19794
2123
2202J
24124
7114
851
895
8584
8244
834*
8414
8224
8394
836
8614
889
8784
903
866
828
818
844*
912*
931
937
1033*
1040
1047
1064
1093
1145
M is c e lla
neous
(rubber,
timber,
oils,
etc.).
848*
913“
1015
1073
1112
1283
12784
13544
13484
1319
1380*
1394
13914
13894
1337
1335
13104
1294
12904
1327
13714
1417
1383
1344
1358
1396
14534
Total.
3634
4013
4213
4423
4908
5300
5646
5634
5845
5867
6105
6238
6210
6212
6094
5851
5796
5708
5774
5988
6188
6450
6503
6587
6795
6985
7364
Percent
age
change.
165.1
182.4
191.5
201.0
223.0
240.9
256.6
256.1
263.2
266.6
277.5
283.5
282.6
282.6
277.0
265.9
263.8
259.4
262.4
272.2
281.3
293.2
295.9
299.4
308.9
317.5
334.7
The table above shows that prices steadily declined during the first
three months of 1919, but that after March they rose steeply, the
largest increases taking place in July and in the last three months of
the year. In the second half of 1918 there was a slight decline in the
total, but foodstuffs were higher. How each group has moved since
the beginning of the war may be seen from the next table, in which
the changes in each half year are compared with July, 1914, as 100:
July, 1914..................................
December, 1914..........................
June, 1915...................................
December, 1915.........................
June, 1916...................................
December, 1916.........................
June, 1917...................................
December, 1917.........................
June, 1918...................................
December, 1918..........................
June, 1919...................................
December, 1919..........................
Cereals
and
meat.
100
124
141
155
172
224
248
222
220
226
231
249
Other
food.
Textiles.
100
117
122
126
148
157
185
194
220
222
227
250
100
82
90
119
129
183
235
274
294
293
284
396
Minerals.
100
103
135
154
193
178
182
181
186
186
202
247
rS •
®
o oP
E nd of—
100
124
141
153
183
201
230
244
250
241
247
263
Total.
100
109
127
142
164
192
220
228
238
236
241
287
CANADA.
The following table showing the course of wholesale prices, classi
fied into com m odity groups, in Canada during the years 1914 to 1919
has been reproduced from the January, 1920, Labor Gazette, pub
lished by the Department o f Labor of Canada.5 The figures are in
certain instances preliminary and are therefore to be regarded as
subject to possible revision at a future date.
5 Fora full explanation of the index numbers compiled b y the Department of Labor of Canada, see B ulle
tin No. 173 of the U nited States Bureau of Labor Statistics, pp. 176-186.
IN D E X
NUM BERS
OF
W H OLESALE
P R IC E S IN
CANADA,
B Y
GROUPS
OF
C O M M O D I T I E S , 1 9 1 4 -19 1 9.
[Average prices, 1890-1899=100.]
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
V
1919
Commodity group.
Jan. July. Jan. July. Jan. July. Jan. July. Jan. July. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. June. July. Aug.
Nov.
Dec.
191.2 181.0 179.0 238.1 296.3 319.8 314.2 311.3 295.7 283.41272.3 263.1 272.5 297.8 317.1 325.9 330.0
195.0 196.3 231.7 249.2 293.4 325.0 369.4 354.4 338.8 343.3 343.7 342.5 355.0 377.4 384.8 384. 8 389.7
141.2 186.7 160.5 242.6 210.3 259.0 251.0 275.9 286.1 293.0|294.4 275.4 264.1 282.9 279.4 276.4 286.4
137.9 163.7 155.9 183.8 201.5 236.3 240.9 264.0 256.2 268.3:268.3 266.0 247.0 240.3 224.4 222.8 223.3
333.1
388.3
292.0
240.6
318.4
361.5
297.2
217.3
318.6,
324.2!
314.7
221.6
328.7
315.6
340.3
224.8
344.4
326.4
355.2
242.4
103.5 169.6 170.5 234.9 308.2 258.4 280.2 238.0 255.1 249.6 246.1 224.4 225.6 236.1 249.9 264.7 239.7
138.8 143.2 153.6 177.7 215.9 225.3 246.0 259.9 261.4 262.0 257.7 251.7 252.3 245.2 245.4 247.4 251.2
153.4 174.2 192.7 215.7 268.5 326.9 370.4 374.4 380.4 379.5 383.6 367.4 369.1 371.6 362.7 358.9 364.3
176.3 193.5 240.2 285.9 277.4 261.8 283.5 293.3 293.4 280.71i280. 7 264.6 264.6 272.2 330.7 346.2 385.3
i
114.7 109.2 112.6 176.5 198.4 191.9 210.6 274.4 259.7 283.8 275.3 273.9 258.6 242.8 225.8 205.0 192.6 193.5 191.2 197. 6
106.6 106.6 107.5 113.2 116.6 136.7161.4 194.5 199.0 223.8 242.3 243.7 226.4 241.4 241.4 241.4 235.6 235.6 238.4 238.4
113.6 109.0 108.9 106.2 122.0 125.6 180.9 229.7 188.1 242.4 246.5 248.6 249.6 246.8 239.0 235.7 243.2 227.1 229.3 229.8
251.6
257.9
362.0
425.7
233.4
261.2
369.6
420.4
213.3
262.8
378.8
412.8
286.5
265.2
390.0
412.8
286.6
267.3
399.7
377.8
202.5
240.7
235.3
202.3
243.7
236.6
200.5
237.9
237.0
203.9
245.0
237.7
215.7
245.3
247.6
183.5 183.2 178.0 174.1 178.1 182.2 189.6 222.3 238.6 273.0 277.6 279.1 279.9 279.9 281.2 282.1 277.7 277.7 286.0 304.6
114.0 110.8 108.2 120.3 132.4 153.6 178.4 215.3 209.4 227.7 238.1 237.7 237.0 233. 8 231.5 228.4 219.9 218.4 218.7 218.5
140.2 140.6 142.9 162.1 193.9 197.4 227.5 261.71263.2 312.6 334.5 348.11341.0 339.5 334.9 332.3 330. 7 344.0 362.0 404.9
128.8 128.8 131.9 138.7 146.7 152.6 179.5 212.8222.4 250.9 296.0 296.31296.3 298.1 295.8 295.8 302.3 302.3 301.2 325.0
111.1 111.6 135.0 174.2 250.4 249.0 258.5 263.1|289. 2 293.1 276.8 276.8 276.8 272.3 263.6 240.4 238.2 235.8 223.5 221.2
308.4
221.7
417 7
325.4
222.0
331.2
222.9
425.9
350.3
222.9
340.9
223.1
420.8
352.8
224.7
352.6
226.8
409.7
352.8
205.3
406.9
230.2
425.3
352.8
214.4
140.9 150.4
194.2 195.7
179.9 131.3
153.9 148.9
125.2
112.9
135.2
168.1
131.2
112.5
132.8
173.6
191.7
177.9
177.5
160.0
115.1
133.4
126.1
178.1
1
226.5 235.0 121.8 144.0 269.6 292.3 399.5 396.7 511.5 583.1 721.7 725.8 742.3 742.3 799.0 887.4 887. 4 854.0 854.0 945.6 1,034.2 1,118.0 1,190.0 1,190.0 1,608.3
138.8 128.3 137.9 134.7 136.7 136.7 161.3 164.1202.2 222.9 218.3 218.3 218.1 258.7 253.4 256.2 256.2 264.7 264.7 274.1 286.5 286.8 292.2 300.1 316.2
109.3 106.2 113.6 116.3 135.1 142.1 165.8 194.5j200. 8|218.9,223.7 227.1 219.1 207.4 213.9 211.8 213.2 211.7 211.7 214.2 211.6 211.7 210.7 210.4 210.4
All commodities......................... j136.5 134.6 138.9 150.2 172.1 180.9 212.7 248.7j258.7 284.0|289.6 290.9 288.8 286.5 279.8 277.4 279.6 284.1 284.1 294.0
301.1
301.5
299.6
307.7
3 22.7
195
Oct.
APPENDIXES.
Grains and fodder......................
Animals and m eats....................
Dairy products...........................
Fish..............................................
Other foods:
Fruits and vegetables..........
Miscellaneous.......................
T extiles.......................................
Hides, leather, and boots..........
Metals and implements:
Metals....................................
Im plem ents..........................
Fuel and lighting........................
Building materials:
Lumber................................
Miscellaneous........................
Paints, oils, and glass..........
House furnishings......................
Drugs and chemicals..................
Miscellaneous:
Raw furs.................... .........
Liquors and tobacco............
Sundries................................
Sept.
196
W H O LE SA LE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
The course of wholesale prices by years from 1890 to 1919, inclusive,
is shown in the next table, which has been compiled from the Labor
Gazette and from reports of the Department of Labor of Canada.
IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O LESA LE PRICES IN CANADA, B Y Y E A R S, 1890 TO 1919.
[Source: The Labor Gazette and reports of the Department of Labor of Canada.]
[Average prices 1890-1899= 100.]
Year.
1890.................................
1891.................................
1892.................................
1893.................................
1894.................................
1895.................................
1896.................................
1897.................................
1898.................................
1899.................................
Index
number.
110.3
108.5
102.8
102.5
97.2
95.6
92.5
92.2
96.1
100.1
Year.
Index
number.
1900...............................
1901................. •.............
1902...............................
1903...............................
1904.............................
1905...............................
1906.............................
1907.....................
1908..............................
1909..............................
108.2
107.0
109.0
110.5
111.4
113.8
120. 0
126. 2
120.8
121. 2
Year.
1910...............................
1911.
1912. . ..
1913...............................
1914.
1915...............................
1916...........
. . .
1917.
1918.................
1919..........................
Index
number.
124.2
127.4
134.4
135.5
136.1
148.0
182.0
237.0
278.3
203.2
In an article entitled “ War prices in Canada and other countries”
the Labor Gazette for August, 1919 (p. 989), states that:
The rise in prices during the war was a continuation of an upward movement which
had been experienced since 1908 not only in Canada but in most countries until 1913.
Some abatement in the advance had occurred during the latter part of 1913 and the
early part of 1914, with the lessening of the expansion in trade and industry, and
following good food crops in 1912 and 1913, but the fall in the general level of prices
had been hardly appreciable b y August, 1914.
For the first few months of the war there were considerable advances in foods and
materials most in demand under .war conditions, such as wheat, sugar, provisions,
wool, certain metals, and chemicals, leather, etc., while there were decreases in the
prices of cotton, raw furs, apples, fish, fuel, building materials, and metals not specially
in demand for war. In Canada a scarcity of feed led to a fall in prices of live stock
and meats. Early in 1915, however, the upward movement became steep, as it
appeared probable that the conflict would be protracted and extensive orders for army
supplies had cleaned the markets of nearly all reserves of materials and foods, while
the orders for munitions led to the exploitation of new sources of supply and produc
tion of goods on a scale previously considered impossible. This upward movement
continued until November, 1918, when the cessation of hostilities led to the stopping
of war orders and a readjustment to trade and industry on a peace basis. This gen
eral upward movement, however, was not experienced in all commodities nor in all
countries, there being exceptions owing to varying conditions. The various metals
reached the highest levels at different times, and many of them fell off in price when
the increased production became equal to the demand. In chemicals similar m ove
ments were experienced. Foods rose comparatively little until the middle of 1916,
when crop shortages were felt throughout the world.
AUSTRALIA.
Reports showing the course of wholesale prices in Australia are
issued from time to time by the Labor and Industrial Branch of the
Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics.6 In the following
table are given index numbers for the period from 1861 to 1918,
arranged by commodity groups, the year 1911 being used as the base
period. More recent data are not available.
®For a full explanation of the index numbers published by the Bureau of Census and Statistics of Aus
tralia, see Bulletin No. 173 of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics, pp. 157-106.
197
A PPEN D IX ES.
IN D E X NUM BER S OF W HOLESALE PRICES IN M ELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA, B Y GROUPS
OF COMMODITIES, FO R T H E P E R IO D 1861 TO 1918.
[Source: Prices, Purchasing Power of Money, Wages, Trade Unions, Unemployment, and General Indus
trial Conditions, 1917, Report No. 8, and, 1918, Report No. 9, Labor and Industrial Branch, Common
wealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Melbourne, July, 1918, p. 60, and July, 1919, p. 74.]
[Base: 1911=1000.]
Year.
1861...........
1871...........
1881...........
1891...........
1901...........
1902...........
1903...........
1904...........
1905...........
1906...........
1907...........
1908...........
1909...........
1910...........
1911...........
1912...........
1913...........
1914...........
1915...........
1916...........
1917...........
1918...........
Metals
and coal.
Jute,
Agricul Dairy
leather, tural prod produce.
Groceries.
etc.
uce, etc.
1438
1096
1178
895
1061
1007
923
821
772
882
1037
1033
1014
1004
1000
1021
1046
1099
1284
1695
2129
2416
1381
1257
1115
847
774
756
834
885
850
978
1017
901
907
1052
1000
991
1070
1032
1017
1423
2008
2360
1583
1236
1012
1024
928
1192
1209
754
894
916
973
1312
1000
969
1000
1370
1097
1207
2162
1208
1157
1444
1008
864
935
995
1029
1215
1059
876
980
972
1020
1198
1119
1100
1000
1206
1054
1137
1530
1485
1423
1454
I
!
1
j
!
'
1963
1586
1421
1032
1048
945
926
916
942
923
948
968
978
999
1000
1052
1024
1021
1133
1322
1343
1422
Meat.
Building
materials.
888
1345
1447
1443
1427
1209
1110
1294
1335
1088
1008
1000
1357
1252
1507
2435
2515
2403
2385
1070
1044
1091
780
841
837
875
845
801
896
968
935
911
996
1000
1057
1128
1081
1275
1491
1884
2686
Chem
icals.
A ll com
modities.
2030
1409
1587
1194
917
881
921
875
859
864
961
891
815
898
1000
978
995
1253
1528
1760
2171
3225
1538
1229
1121
945
974
1051
1049
890
910
948
1021
1115
993
1000
1000
1170
1088
1149
1604
1504
1662
1934
Variations in price levels since the outbreak of war in 1914 are
shown by the index numbers in the next table. July, 1914, is used
as the base period in this comparison.
IN D E X
NUM BERS
OF
W H O LESALE PRICES IN M EL B O U R N E, A U ST R A LIA , BY
GROUPS OF COMMODITIES.
[Source: Prices, Purchasing Power of Money, Wages, Trade Unions, Unemployment, and General Indus
trial Conditions, 1917, Report No. 8, and, 1918, Report No. 9, Labor and Industrial Branch, Common
wealth Bureau of Census and Statistics, Melbourne, July, 1918, p. 61, and July, 1919,. p. 75.}
[Base: July, 1914=1000.]
Year and month.
July, 1914.................
Year, 1915................
Year, 1916................
Year, 1917................
January, 1917...........
February, 1917........
March, 1917..............
April, 1917................
May, 1917.................
June, 1917................
July, 1917.................
August, 1917............
September, 1917___
October, 1917...........
November, 1917__
December, 1917.......
January, 1918...........
February, 1918........
March, 1918..............
April, 1918................
May, 1918.................
June, 1918................
July, 1918.................
August, 1918............
September, 1918--October, 1918...........
November, 1918.......
December, 1918.......
January, 1919...........
February, 1919........
March, 1919..............
Metals
and
coal.
1000
1166
1539
1919
1604
1627
1659
1725
1772
1904
2006
2138
2185
2172
2118
2120
2132
2157
2161
2161
2192
2195
2206
2225
2232
2234
2229
2237
2178
2042
2000
T ex
Agri
tiles,
cultural
leather, prod
etc.
uce.
1000
934
1307
1841
1475
1507
1587
1637
1645
1858
1980
1970
1863
2055
2198
2328
2432
2365
2463
2430
2309
2331
2249
2392
2410
2310
2074
2122
1942
1838
1850
1000
2024
1130
1084
1126
1097
1052
1033
1043
1046
1048
1069
1090
1126
1150
1123
1185
1191
1232
1261
1382
1359
1356
1358
1357
1417
1573
1539
1653
1661
1611
Dairy
prod
uce.
Gro
ceries.
1000
1272
1235
1181
1157
1182
1180
1216
1227
1247
1204
1176
1133
1136
1149
1160
1144
1155
1188
1209
1288
1272
1250
1217
1180
1163
1182
1271
1263
1290
1355
1000
1098
1266
1302
1290
1290
1293
1289
1291
1295
1302
1307
1319
1315
1312
1322
1331
1336
1324
1385
1366
1355
1409
1414
1408
1402
1394
1397
1381
1374
1381
Meat.
1000
1502
1551
1480
1449
1376
1400
1416
1383
1445
1469
1524
1596
1574
1610
1520
1540
1532
1556
1517
1452
1469
1463
1408
1426
1490
1403
1370
1370
1316
1465
Build
ing ma Chem
icals.
terials.
1000
1164
1361
1722
1397
1420
1501
1525
1551
1643
1775
1899
1904
2005
2014
2035
2046
2069
2107
2156
2596
2593
2636
2656
2616
2616
2624
2663
2652
2637
2606
1000
1490
1716
2141
1714
1736
1756
1856
1960
2071
2173
2312
2431
2468
2618
2595
2685
3180
3275
3275
3001
3207
3462
3363
3271
3188
2995
2916
3126
3139
3089
All
com
modi
ties.
1000
1406
1318
1456
1330
1330
1344
1361
1371
1441
1483
1517
1520
1550
1591
1595
1635
1633
1668
1677
1711
1709
1700
1721
1720
1727
1716
1722
1713
1672
1683
198
WHOLESALE PRICES, 1890 TO 1919.
FRANCE.
The quarterly bulletin issued by the general statistical office of
France (Bulletin de la Statistique g6n6rale de la France et du Serv
ice d’observation des Prix) contains in each number a table showing
index numbers of wholesale prices by quarters since 1914. The
following table has been taken from the October, 1919, and January,
1920, issues of the bulletin:
199
A P P E N D IX E S .
IN D E X NUMBERS OF W H O L ESAL E PRICES IN FRANCE ,1914 TO DECEM BER ;1919.
(Source: Bulletin de la Statistique gen^rale de la France et du Service d ’observation des Prix, October,
1919, p. 12, and January, 1920, p. 108.]
[Base period, 1901-1910=100.]
Foodstuffs Industrial
materials
(20 articles). (25
articles).
Period covered.
Total (45
articles).
1914.
Third Quarter________
Fourth Quarter________________________ ____ ___________________
120.3
121.6
114.1
125.5
116.8
123.7
1915.
First Quarter______
Second quarter..........................................................................................
Third qiifl.rt.fir......... .
. _____________ . . .
Fourth Quarter________________________________________________
139.8
151.1
152.9
159.7
147.2
160.5
172.3
187.5
143.9
156.3
163.7
182.4
1916.
First Quarter _ _____
Second quarter..........................................................................................
Third quarter............................................................................................
Fourth Q u a r t e r ....................................................................................................................
187.9
198.3
189.1
195.7
221.8
236.7
236.7
255.2
206.7
219.5
215.5
228.8
1917.
First Quarter_______
Second quarter..........................................................................................
Third quarter............................................................................................
Fourth Quarter_____________________________ ___________________
217.0
268.4
277.7
279.5
291.2
319.4
345.0
387.6
258.2
296.7
315.2
339.5
1918.
First Quarter_______
Second quarter..........................................................................................
Third quarter............................................................................................
_________________________
Fourth Quarter______
301.6
317.8
332.6
348.8
424.1
437.7
457.2
463.5
369.6
384.4
401.8
412.6
372.8
373.6
384.2
391.1
374.3
386.5
408.6
426.2
445.2
412.3
385.9
425.2
412.5
423.6
439.5
467.2
501.6
523.4
394.8
380.4
406.9
403.0
401.7
416.2
441.4
468-2
488.6
1919.
First Q u a r t e r ________
Second quarter..........................................................................................
Third quarter............................................................................................
Ju ly .............................................................................................................
A ugust........................................................................................................
September..................................................................................................
November..................................................................................................
December........................................ ..........................................................
ITALY.
A series of index numbers indicating the trend of wholesale price
movements in Italy has been published since 1915 in Fltalia Eco
nomica, an annual review of commercial, industrial, agricultural,
financial, and economic conditions, prepared by Prof. Riccardo
Bachi. It is stated that the prices used in the compilation are for
the most part those of the Genoa bourse, the most important market
in Italy, while some prices are for Miian, Rome, Naples, and Palermo.
For many articles the price is fixed by the State or by trade asso
ciations, there being no open market for these commodities. Monthly
index numbers for each current year are shown in the original source.
In the table which follows the index number for the initial month
of each quarter only is shown for the years 1915 to 1918, with monthly
figures for 1919 as far as available.
200
W H O LE SA LE PRIC ES, 1890 TO 1919.
IN D E X N U M B E R S OF W H O LESA LE PRICES IN ITA LY , B Y Q U A R T E R S, 1915 TO 1918,
A N D B Y M ONTHS, 1919.
[Source: Compiled from annual issues of 1’Italia E conom ica.]1
Base period, 1901-1905= 100.]
Year and month.
Minerals Miscellane A ll com
Cereals and Other food Textile ma and
m et
stuffs.
terials!
meats.
ous.
modities.
als.
1915.
January......................................
April...........................................
Ju ly ............................................
October......................................
142.9
157.1
156.9
173.5
116.0
129.7
133.4
157.4
103.5
115.8
127.0
157.2
167.0
217.8
253.3
276.1
126.4
132.7
155.8
175.7
132.7
152.3
164.4
186.4
1916.
January......................................
April...........................................
Ju ly ............................................
October......................................
179.9
185.7
.186.2
176.3
177.9
192.9
202.2
208.4
189.1
198.8
208.9
248.3
434.3
482.8
402.8
453.3
212.0
231.9
236.5
240.1
232.3
252.7
242.8
260.2
1917.
January......................................
April...........................................
Ju ly ............................................
October......................................
210.4
227.0
249.2
320.5
219.6
231.2
252.1
267.6
301.3
320.5
398.1
498.4
507.1
646.9
739.2
830.8
247.6
286.0
336.9
359.4
290.0
333.7
383.3
441.8
1918.
January......................................
A pril...........................................
Ju ly ............................................
October......................................
326.0
360.9
391.7
413.9
285.1
288.9
338.7
405.0
510.9
575.6
590.0
584.3
870.6
949.6
992.8
939.8
388.1
435.2
468.1
502.9
461.9
505.6
540.6
555.9
1919.
January......................................
February...................................
March.........................................
A pril...........................................
May............................................
June............................................
365.5
366.1
351.7
353.4
352.9
384.5
438.7
449.7
455.1
482.1
491.2
501.8
398.4
395.2
399.3
401.7
452.8
455.9
370.0
370.0
430.0
434.2
442.6
506.4
496.9
453.2
425.6
411.4
401.4
396.0
2 412.7
406.4
410.9
415.7
424.4
447.8
J uly............................................
A ugust.......................................
September.................................
October......................................
Novem ber.................................
December....... ..........................
401.8
399.1
383.3
391.7
394.8
406.1
484.9
513.0
517.8
534.7
542.4
544.9
483.2
509.7
517.9
601.9
764.0
793.5
511.8
509.7
539.7
555.0
687.1
706.4
403.7
402.4
402.7
402.0
414.1
477.1
454.9
461.9
464.9
489.3
549.3
572.8
2
1 Supplemented by data from the B ulletin de la Statistique gen&rale de la France et du Service d ’ob
servation des Prix.
2 Figures revised from January, 1919, the base of calculation for cotton having been modified.
IN D E X .
A.
Page.
Articles. (See Commodities; see also Prices, wholesale, of specified commodities.)
Australia, wholesale prices in ..................................................................................................................... 196,197
Average wholesale prices of individual commodities, each year 1890 to 1919 and for each month,
1917 to 1919................................................................................................................................................. 27-143
C.
Canada, wholesale prices in ........................................................................................................................ 194-196
Chemicals and drugs:
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919............................................................................................ 126-133
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number of..................................................................
10,11
190
Importance of,relative, as measured by wholesale values m exchange........................................
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919......................................................
15
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease by m onths, 1913 to 1919................................
17,19
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for..................................................................
181
Cloths and clothing:
Average and relative pr/ces, 1890 to 1919............................................................................................
70-97
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number o f.................................................................
10,11
Importance of, rela tiv e, as measured by wholesale values in exchange...................................... 185-188
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919......................................................
14
16,18
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, by months, 1913 to 1919................................
Table of w eights used in computing ind ex numbers for.................................................................. 177-179
Commodities:
Average prices, number of commodities showing changes in, each year 1919, 1918, 1917, com
pared w ith th e preceding year.........................................................................................................
13
Average prices of individual commodities, each year 1890 to 1919, and for each month, 1917 to
1919......................................................................................................................................................
27-143
Classification of, adopted in present report.......................................................................................
11
Food commodities, important, prices of, during the war................................................................ 145-173
23
Identical, in raw and manufactured^tate, price indexes of, 1890 to 1919......................................
Identical, in raw and manufactured state, price indexes of, by months 1913 to 1919..................
24,25
Importance of, relative, as measured by tneir wholesale values in exchange, 1909 and 1919___182-191
Index numbers, all com m odities.......................................................................................................15,17,19
Quotations, series of, carried in present report, and sources of.......................................................
10
Quotations, series of, classified as to frequency, 1918 and 1919........................................................
11
E.
Exchange, wholesale values in, relative importance of commodities as measured b y , in 1C09 and
1919............................................................................................................................................................. 182-191
Explanation of tables showing prices........................................................................................................
27-29
F.
Farm products:
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919...........................................................................................
30-39
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number of.................................................................
10,11
Importance of, relative, as measured by wholesale values in exchange........................................ 182,183
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919......................................................
14
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, by months, 1913 to 1919................................
16,18
Table of w eights used in computing index numbers for..................................................................
175
Food, etc.:
Articles of, im portant, price fluctuations of, during th e war. (See Prices wholesale, of speci
fied com m odities.)
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919............................................................................................
38-69
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number o f.................................................................
10,11
im portance of, relative, as measured b y wholesale values in exchange........................................ 183-185
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919.....................................................
14
16,18
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, by months 1913 to 1919.................................
Price fluctuations of important articles of, during the w ar............................................................. 145-173
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for.................................................................. 175-177
France, wholesale prices in ........................................................................................................................ 198,199
Fuel and lighting:
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919........................................................................................... 96-103
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number of.................................................................
10,11
Importance of, relative, as measured by wholesale values in exchange........................................
188
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919.....................................................
14
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, by months, 1913 to 1919................................
16,18
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for.................................................................
179
G.
Great Britain, wholesale prices in ............................................................................................................. 191-194
201
202
IN D E X .
House-furnishing goods:
Page.
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919............................................................................................ 132-137
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number of.................................................................
10,11
Importance of, relative, as measured by wholesale values in exchange........................................ 190,191
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919.....................................................
15
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, b y months, 1913 to 1919.................................
17,19
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for................................................................. 181,182
I.
Importance, relative, of commodities, as measured by wholesale values in exchange, 1909 and 1919..
Index numbers, or price indexes:
Australia.................................................................................................................................................
Canada....................................................................................................................................................
Commodity groups, 1890 to 1919..........................................................................................................
Commodity groups, by months, 1913 to 1919.....................................................................................
France.....................................................................................................................................................
Great B ritain.........................................................................................................................................
Identical commodities, in raw and manufactured state, 1890 to 1919............................................
Identical commodities, in raw and manufactured state, by months, 1913 to 1919.......................
Ita ly ........................................................................................................................................................
Method ol computation of....................................................................................................................
Table of weights used in com puting...................................................................................................
Italy, wholesale prices i n ............................................................................................................................
183-191
196,197
194-196
14,15
16-19
198,199
191-194
23
24,25
199,200
8,9
175-182
199,200
L.
Lumber and building materials:
Average and relative priccs, 1890 to 1919............................................................................................ 116-127
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number of.................................................................
10, II
Importance of, relative, as measured by wholesale values in exchange........................................ 189,190
Index numbers and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919.......................................................
15
17,19
Index numbers and per cent increase or decrease, by months, 1913 to 1919.................................
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for.................................................................. 180,181
M.
Manufactured and raw commodities, index prices of, 1890 to 1919.......................................................
Manufactured and raw commodities, index prices of, by months, 1913 to 1919...................................
Markets, and series of quotations carried.................................................................................................
Metals and m etal products:
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919...........................................................................................
Commodities, or series oi quotations carried, number of.................................................................
Importance of, relative, as measured by wholesale values in exchange........................................
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919......................................................
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, by months, 1913 to 1919.................................
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for.......... ' ....................................................
Miscellaneous commodities group:
Average and relative prices, 1890 to 1919...........................................................................................
Commodities, or series of quotations carried, number o f.................................................................
Importance of, relative, as measured by wholesale values in exchange........................................
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, 1890 to 1919......................................................
Index numbers, and per cent increase or decrease, by months, 1913 to 1919.................................
Table of weights used in computing index numbers for..................................................................
23
24,25
10,11
102-117
10,11
188,189
14
16,18
179,180
136-143
10, l i
191
15
17,19
1S2
P.
Prices of commodities, 1917 to 1919, upward trend of..............................................................................
Prices of important food commodities during the war period................................................................
Prices, wholesale, in other countries.........................................................................................................
Prices, wholesale, of specified commodities:
Acid, acetic............................................................................................................................................
Acid, m uriatic.......................................................................................................................................
Acid, nitric............................................................................................................................................
Acid, sulphuric.....................................................................................................................................
Alcohol, grain........................................................................................................................................
Alcohol, denatured...............................................................................................................................
Alcohol, wood, refined.................................................................................................................... .
A lu m ......................................................................................................................................................
Ammonia, anhydrous..........................................................................................................................
Apples, evaporated..............................................................................................................................
Apples, fresh..........................................................................................................................................
Augers....................................................................................................................................................
Bacon.....................................................................................................................................................
Bananas.................................................................................................................................................
Bar iro n .................................................................................................................................................
B arley....................................................................................................................................................
Barley, price fluctuations in, during the w ar...................................................................................
Beans......................................................................................................................................................
Bedroom sets, chairs and tables (furniture)......................................................................................
Beet, fresh.............................................................................................................................................
Beef, fresh, price fluctuations in, during the war.............................................................................
Beef, salt................................................................................................................................................
B eer........................................................................................................................................................
Blankets, cotton...................................................................................................................................
Blankets, wool......................................................................................................................................
Boots and shoes (men's, women's, misses’, youths’, childrens')...................................................
Borax, crystals......................................................................................................................................
Bran.......................................................................................................................................................
Bread, crackers.....................................................................................................................................
Bread, loaf.............................................................................................................................................
11-26
145-172
191-200
126,127
128,129
128,129
128,129
128,129
96,97
128,129
128,129
128,129
54,55
56,57
102,103
58,59 •
56,57
104,105
30,31
154,155
38,39
132-135
58-61
158,159
60,61
136,137
74 75
86*87
70^-73
128 129
13fi!l37
38 39
40*41
INDEX.
Pricee, wholesale, of specified commodities—Continued.
203
Page.
B rick....................................................................................................................................................... 116,117
Brimstone (sulphur, stic k ).................................................................................................................. 132,133
Buckwheat and rye flour.....................................................................................................................
52,53
B utter.....................................................................................................................................................
40-47
Butter, price fluctuations in, during the w ar................................................................................... 164-166
B u tts...................................................................................................................................................... 104,105
Calfskins.................................................................................................................................................
34,35
Calico......................................................................................................................................................
74,75
Canned goods....................................................................*...................................................................
46,47
Carpets...................................................................................................................................................
74, 75
Carvers, knives and forks (table cutlery).......................................................................................... 134,135
Cattle, price fluctuations in, during the war..................................................................................... 157,15S
Cattle, steers..........................................................................................................................................
36,37
Cement, Portland................................................................................................................................. 116,117
Chairs and tables, bedroom sets (furniture)...................................................................................... 132-135
Chisels.................................................................................................................................................... 104,105
Cheese............................................................................................................................................ •___
48,49
Cheese, price fluctuations in, during the war.................................................................................... 166,167
96-99
Coal, anthracite....................................................................................................................................
Coal, bituminous.............................................................................................................. ................... 98-101
Coal, sem ibitum inous........................................................................................................................... 100,101
Codfish....................................................................................................................................................
50,51
Coffee......................................................................................................................................................
48,49
Coffee, price fluctuations in, during the w ar.....................................................................................172,173
Coke........................................................................................................................................................ 100,101
Copper, in g o t......................................................................................................................................... 104,105
Copper, sheet and wire......................................................................................................................... 106,107
Copper sulphate (blue vitriol)............................................................................................................. 130,131
Corn........................................................................................................................................................
30,31
Corn and meal, price fluctuations in, during the war...................................................................... 151,152
Corn, canned..........................................................................................................................................
46,47
Cornstarch.............................................................................................................................................
66,67
Cotton.....................................................................................................................................................
30,31
Cotton flannels.......................................................................................................................................
76,77
Cotton goods..........................................................................................................................................
74-85
Cottonseed meal.................................................................................................................................... 136,137
Cottonseed oil........................................................................................................................................ 136,137
Dairy products, price fluctuations in, during the war..................................................................... 164-168
D enim s...................................................................................................................................................
74,75
Door knobs............................................................................................................................................ 106,107
Doors...................................................................................................................................................... 118,119
Douglas fir (lum ber)............................................................................................................................ 120,121
Drillings.................................................................................................................................................
76,77
Earthenware (plates, teacups, and saucers)...................................................................................... 132,133
E ggs........................................................................................................................................................
48-51
Eggs, price fluctuations during the war............................................................................................. 163,164
F iles........................................................................................................................................................ 106,107
Fish. (See Cod; Herring; Mackerel; Salmon.)
Flannels, wool, w hite...........................................................................................................................
86,87
Flaxseed.................................................................................................................................................
30,31
Florida land pebble, phosphate rock................................................................................................. 138,139
Flour, buckwheat and rye...................................................................................................................
52,53
Flour, price fluctuations in, during the war...................................................................................... 148-151
Flour, wheat..........................................................................................................................................
52-55
Forks and knives, carvers (table cutlery).......................................................................................... 134,135
Fruit, evaporated (apples, currants, prunes, raisins).......................................................................
54-57
Fruit, fresh (apples, bananas, lemons, oranges)...............................................................................
56,57
Fuel and lighting.................................................................................................................................. 96-103
Furniture (bedroom sets, chairs, and tables).................................................................................... 132-135
Gasoline, motor..................................................................................................................................... 100,101
Ginghams...............................................................................................................................................
76,77
Glass, plate............................................................................................................................................ 118,119
Glassware (nappies, pitchers, tum blers)............................................................................................ 134,135
Glass, w indow ....................................................................................................................................... 120,121
Glucose...................................................................................................................................................
58,59
Glycerin, refined................................................................................................................................... 130,131
Goatskins...............................................................................................................................................
34,35
Grain. (See Barley; Corn; Oats; Rye; Wheat.)
Hammers............................................................................................................................................... 106,107.
Hams, smoked.......................................................................................................................................
60,61
Hay, alfalfa............................................................................................................................................
32,33
Hay, tim oth y........................................................................................................................................
34,35
Hemlock (lum ber)................................................................................................................................ 122,123
Herring...................................................................................................................................................
50,51
H ides......................................................................................................................................................
34,35
Hogs........................................................................................................................................................
36,37
Hogs, price fluctuations in, during the war....................................................................................... 159,160
H ops........................................................................................................................................................
34,35
Hosiery, cotton, m en’s and women’s .................................................................................................
78,79
Hosiery, wool, m en’s ............................................................................................................................
88,89
Iron ore................................................................................................................................................... 106,107
Jute......................................................................................................................................................... 136,137
Knives and forks, carvers (table cutlery)..........................................................................................134,135
Lamb......................................................................................................................................................
62,63
Lard........................................................................................................................................................
58,59
L ath........................................................................................................................................................ 120,121
Lead, carbonate of (white lead).......................................................................................................... 124,125
Lead, pig................................................................................................................................................ 106,107
Lead pipe............................................................................................................................................... 108,109
204
IN D E X .
Prices, wholesale, of specified com m odities—Continued.
Page.
Leather...................................................................................................................................................
84-87
Lem ons...................................................................................................................................................
56,57
Lim e........................................................................................................................................................120,121
Linseed oil, raw..................................................................................................................................... 124,125
L ive stock and meats, price fluctuations in, during the war........................................................... 157-164
L ivestock (for food). (See Cattle, steers; Hogs; Sheep.)
Locks...................................................................................................................................................... 108,109
Lubricating oil (paraffin)..................................................................................................................... 138,139
Lumber. (See Douglas fir; Hemlock; Maple; Oak; Pine; Poplar; Spruce.)
Mackerel, s a lt........................................................................................................................................
52,53
Maule (lum ber)..................................................................................................................................... 122,123
. Matches...................................................................................................................................................102,103
Meal, corn...............................................................................................................................................
58,59
Meal, corn, price fluctuations in, during the war period................................................................. 151-153
Meal, cottonseed.................................................................................................................................... 136,137
58-63
Meats............ :.....................................................................................................................................
Metals and m etal products.................................................................................................................. 102-117
Milk, fresh..............................................................................................................................................
64,65
Milk, price fluctuations in, during the war........................................................................................167,168
Molasses.................................................................................................................................................. 64,65
M utton...................................................................................................................................................
62,63
Mutton ana lamb, price fluctuations in, during the war................................................................. 162,163
Muriatic acid..........................................................................................................................................128,129
Nails, cut and wire................................................................................................................................108,109
Napuies, pitchers, tumblers (glassware)............................................................................................ 134,135
Nitric acid.............................................................................................................................................. 128,129
Oak (lum ber).........................................................................................................................................122,123
Oats........................................................................................................................................................
30,31
Oats, price fluctuations in, during the war period............................................................................153,154
Oil, cottonseed....................................................................................................................................... 136,137
Oil, lubricating (paraffin).................................................................................................................... 138,139
Oleomargarine.......................................................................................................................................
64,65
O leooil.......................................... .........................................................................................................
64,65
Olive o il.................................................................................................................................................. 64,65
Onions..................................................................................................................................................... 68,69
Opium, natural..................................................................................................................................... 130,131
Oranges...................................................................................................................................................
56,57
Overcoatings..........................................................................................................................................
88,89
Pails and tubs (woodenware).............................................................................................................. 136,137
Paper, news-printing and wrapping...................................................................................................138,139
Paraffin...................................................................................................................................................138,139
Para rubber, island............................................................................................................................... 138,139
Peanuts...................................................................................................................................................
38,39
Peas, canned..........................................................................................................................................
46,47
Pepper, black.........................................................................................................................................
66,67
Percale....................................................................................................................................................
78,79
Petroleum, crude and refined.............................................................................................................. 102,103
Phosphate rock, Florida land pebble................................................................................................. 138,139
Pig iron................................................................................................................................................... 108-111
Pig t in .....................................................................................................................................................114,115
Pine (lumber)........................................................................................................................................ 122-125
Pipe, cast-iron........................................................................................................................................110,111
Pitchers, nappies, tumblers (glassware)............................................................................................ 134,135
P lanes..................................................................................................................................................... 110,111
Plates, teacups and saucers (earthenware).........................................................................................132,133
Poplar (lumber).....................................................................................................................................124,125
Pork, fresh and s a lt............................................................................................................................... 62,63
Pork products, price fluctuations in, during the war....................................................................... 160,161
Potatoes, w hite...................................................................................................................................... 68,69
Poultry, dressed fowls........................................................................................................................... 62,63
Poultry, liv e fow ls................................................................................................................................
38,39
Poultry, price fluctuations in, during the w ar..................................................................................
162
Print cloths................................................................................................................................... ........
78,79
Proof spirits............................................................................................................................................142,143
Prunes..................................................................................................................................................... 56,57
P u tty ...................................................................................................................................................... 126,127
Q uicksilver.............................................................................................................................................110,111
Quinine...................................................................................................................................................130,131
Raisins....................................................................................................................................................
56,57
R ice......................................................................................................................................................... 66,67
Rice, price fluctuations in, during the war........................................................................................ 156,157
Rope, m anila......................................................................................................................................... 138,139
R osin...................................................................................................................................................... 126,127
Rubber, Para, island.............................................................................................................................138,139
R ye.......................................................................................................................................................... 32,33
R ye and buckwheat flour....................................................................................................................
52,53
R ye, price fluctuations in, during the w ar..................................................................................•___ 155,156
Sal soda (carbonate of soda).................................................................................................................130,131
Salt.......................................................................................................................................................... 66,67
Saltpeter, Chile (nitrate of soda)......................................................................................................... 130,131
Saws........................................................................................................................................................ 110,111
Salmon, canned.....................................................................................................................................
52,53
Silk,raw .................................................................................................................................................
86,87
Silver, bar.............................................................................................................................................. 112,113
Sheep......................................................................................................................................................
36,37
Sheep and lambs, price fluctuations in, during the w ar.................................................................. 161,162
Sheetings, bleached and brown...........................................................................................................
80,81
Shingles...................................................................................................................................................126,127
IN D E X .
205
Prices, wholesale, of specified commodities—Coir link'd.
Page.
Shirtings.................................................................................................................................................
80-83
Shovels................................................................................................................................................... 112,113
Soap and starch, laundry..................................................................................................................... 140,141
Soap,laundry.........................................................................................................................................140,141
Soda a sh ................................................................................................................................................. 130,131
Soda, bicarbonate of.............................................................................................................................. 66,67
Soda, carbonate of (sal so d a )............................................................................................................... 130,131
Soda, caustic.......................................................................................................................................... 130,131
Soda, nitrate of (saltpeter)................................................................................................................... 130,131
66,67
Spiccs (pepper, black).......................................................... ...............................................................
Spruce (lum ber).................................................................................................................................... 124,125
Starch, corn............................................................................................................................................
66,67
Starch, laundry..................................................................................................................................... 140,141
Steel b illets............................................................................................................................................ 112,113
Steel plates............................................................................................................................................. 112,113
Steel rails............................................................................................................................................... 112,113
Steel, sheets............................................................................................................................................ 112,113
Steel, structural..................................................................................................................................... 112,113
Sugar................................................................................................................................... * .................
68,69
Sugar, tea, and coffee, price fluctuations in, during the war........................................................... 168-173
Suitings...................................................................................................................................................
88-91
Sulphuric acid....................................................................................................................................... 128,129
Sulphur, stick (brim stone)..................................................................................................................132,133
Table cutlery (carvers, knives, and fork s)........................................................................................ 134,135
T allow ....................................................................................................................................................
68,69
T ar.......................................................................................................................................................... 126,127
T ea..........................................................................................................................................................
68,69
Teacups and saucers, plates (earthenware)....................................................................................... 132,133
Tea, price fluctuations in, during th e w ar.........................................................................................171,172
Thread, cotton....................................................................................................................................... 82,83
Thread, linen, shoe...............................................................................................................................
86,87
Tickings.................................................................................................................................................. 82,83
Tin, pig................................................................................................................................................... 114,115
Tin, plate............................................................................................................................................... 114,115
Tobacco, Burley, leaf...........................................................................................................................
38,39
Tobacco, plug and sm oking................................................................................................................. 140,141
Tomatoes, canned.................................................................................................................................
46,47
90,91
Trouserings . 1 ................................................................................■.......................................................
Trowels...................................................................................................................................................114,115
Tubs and pails (woodenw are).............................................................................................................136 j 137
Tumblers, nap pies, pitchers (glassware)........................................................................................... 134,135
Turpentine, spirits o f............................................................................................................................ 124,125
Underwear, w oolen...............................................................................................................................
90,91
V ea l......................................................................................................................................................... 62,63
Vegetables, fresh (onions, potatoes)...................................................................................................
68,69
Vinegar, cider......................................................................................................................................... 70,71
V ises........................................................................................................................................................114,115
Vitriol, blue (copper su lp h ate)............................................................................................................130,131
W heat.....................................................................................................................................................
32,33
W heat and flour, price fluctuations in, during the war................................................................... 145-151
W heat flour............................................................................................................................................
52-55
W hisky................................................................................................................................................... 140-143
W hisky. (See also Proof spirits.)
W hite lead (carbonate of le a d )............................................................................................................124,125
Wire, fence..............................................................................................................................................114,115
W omen’s dress goods....................................................................................................... ....................
92-95
Woodenware (pails and tu b s)............................................................................................................. 136,137
Wood pu lp............................................................................................................................................. 142,143
Wood screws.......................................................................................................................................... 116,117
Wool and woolen goods........................................................................................................................ 86-97
W ool, Ohio, fleece.................................................................................................................................. 94-97
W orsted yarn s.......................................................................................................................................
96,97
Yarns, cotton.........................................................................................................................................
84,85
Y arns, w orsted....................................................................................................................................... 96,97
Zinc, oxide of (zinc w h ite)................................................................................................................... 124,125
Zinc, sh eet.............................................................................................................................................. 116,117
Zinc, spelter (p ig ).................................................................................................................................. 116,117
Q.
Quotations, series of, carried in present report.........................................................................................
10,11
R.
Raw and manufactured state, identical commodities in, index prices of, by months, 1913 to 1919..
Raw and manufactured state, identical commodities in, index prices of, 1890 to 1919.......................
24,25
23
S.
Sources of price quotations, 1918 to 1919....................................................................................................
10
V.
Values in exchange, relative importance of commodities as measured by, 1909 to 1919..................... 183-191
W.
War period, prices of im portant food commodities during th e.............................................................. 145-173
W eights, table of, used in computing index num bers............................................................................ 175-182
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