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U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner
j
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS)
WAGES
AND
HOURS
OF
INo. 297
LABOR
SERIES
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR
IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
1920
APRIL, 1922
WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1922
CONTENTS.
Page.
Introduction and summary....................................................................................................
1-7
Drilling and operation of oil wells.......................................................................................
7, 8
Description of oil-well occupations.....................................................................................
9,10
Pipe line transportation of crude petroleum.................................................................... 10,11
Description of pipe-line occupations.................................................................................. 12-14
The refining of petroleum....................................................................................................
14-17
Description of occupations at refineries..........................................................................
17-21
General tables........................................................................................................................... 22-153
Table A .— Average starts (days on which employees worked), hours, and
earnings, and per cents that average starts are of the total workdays and
that average hours actually worked are of the average full-time hours
per pay-roll period, by occupations and number of days in pay-roll
period, 1920 .................................................................................................................... 22-39
Table B .— Cumulative per cent of employees working customary hours per
day, by occupations and days per week, 1920................................................... 40-47
Table C.— Average hours actually worked and average earnings received
by employees in each district, by occupations and workdays in pav-roll
period, 1920............................ .............................................................................. ‘ . . . . 48-65
Table D.— Average and classified earnings per hour, by occupations and
districts, 1920.................................................................................................................. 66-89
Table E .— Average and classified hours per week, by occupations, districts,
and days per week, 1920........................................................................................... 90-121
Table F.— Employees classified by customary days per week and hours
per day, by occupations and districts, 1920................................................... 122-153
in
BULLETIN OF THE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS.
no
. 297
W A S H IN G T O N
Ap r i l , 1922
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN THE
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY, 1920.1
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY.
In November, 1920, the Bureau of Labor Statistics undertook a
comprehensive study of wages and hours of labor of employees in the
petroleum industry in the United States. This report presents the
average earnings per hour and average full-time hours, with average
hours actually worked and average earnings actually received in a
sample pay-roll period, 92 per cent of the rolls being for a period in
November, 1920, with the remaining ones as near November as was
possible. Average full-time hours per day and per week are shown
separately for employees working seven days, six days, and five
days, respectively, per week. The average hours worked and average
earnings made in the pay-roll period are shown for each district
and for the United States as a whole. The report shows also the
average number of starts (turns) made in the pay-roll period and the
per cent that such average is of the number oi days constituting the
pay-roll period, together with the per cent that average hours actually
worked are of the average full-time hours in the pay-roll period.
The study was confined to three general subdivisions oi the indus
try, namely, drilling and operation of wells, construction and opera
tion of pipe lines, and operation of refineries. Cooperage plants, tincan factories, and original construction work at refineries were omit
ted, as were also the marketing and marine operations.
The report is not intended to be a census of the petroleum industry,
but every possible effort has been made to apportion the work so as
to obtain a fair representation of the industry in each section of the
country where it has been developed to any considerable extent.Representative establishments were selected, attention being given
to both large and small plants as well as to general location; that is,
whether in industrial centers or in isolated sections, because all these
conditions influence to some degree the wages paid and the hours
worked.
Schedules were obtained from 62 companies in 16 States engaged
in the drilling and operation of oil wells, emploving 35,255 males,
estimated to be 25 per cent of the total number ox such employees in
the United States; from 40 companies in 17 States engaged in the
construction and operation of pipe lines, on which 19,643 males were
employed, estimated as 50 per cent of all pipe-line employees in the
United States; and from 80 refineries in 15 States employing 42,537
males and 274 females, estimated as 35 per cent of all oil refinery
*A summary of this report was printed in the Monthly Labor Review for May, 1921.
1
2
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
employees in the United States. Females were found in productive
work in only 5 establishments, located in 5 States, and they were
Engaged principally in filling and packing bottles, cases, cartons, and
other containers of the products manufactured, a few working at
common labor. Kitchen help and janitors, both male and female,
have been omitted from the study.
In keeping with the long-established custom of the bureau not to
disclose the identity of plants furnishing information, the data pre
sented in this report have been compiled by districts, the States in
each district being specified. The refineries are grouped in six dis
tricts, while wells and pipe lines are each grouped in five, with a
different arrangement o f States.
The bureau met with the most hearty cooperation upon the part
of all companies visited, all data relating to hours and earnings having
been taken directly from the pay rolls by special agents of the bureau.
In the instance of each establishment scheduled the pay-roll
period covered was for a date prior to any general reduction m rates
of wages or increase in hours per day or week; that is, it represented
the war-time peak of rates and hours, a period in November, 1920,
having been selected in very nearly all cases. All bonuses were
included, with exception of a special case involving two companies
in California each of which furnished data covering wells, pipe lines,
and refineries. These two companies, along with others which were
not scheduled, entered into an agreement with their employees (said
agreement to run for a period of 14 months ending August 31, 1921)
providing that each regular employee, excepting certain classes of
common labor, should receive an additional compensation of 25
cents per day, payable on August 31, 1921, conditioned upon the
faithful fulfillment of the agreement. In this connection it should be
stated that the collection of statistical data in California was not
limited to companies which entered into the agreement, care having
been taken to schedule a sufficient number of those outside the
agreement to make the report representative of conditions in the
\State.
Since obtaining these figures, which represent the rates in effect
in November, 1920, press reports indicate that wages ha^e been
reduced in many of the larger establishments scheduled. In most
of such cases it meant that a part or the whole of certain bonuses
granted during the war were discontinued. The bureau has not
undertaken, however, to ascertain the exact amount of such reduc
tions or the number of establishments in which they occurred.
In classifying by occupation the employees at the wells, 13 occupa
tions were selected, these being the only ones in which any consid
erable number of employees were found. In fact, 89 per cent of the
employees at the wells of the 62 companies scheduled are covered
in these 13 occupations. Furthermore, the mechanics, other than
carpenters and machinists, are shown in a collective group, as are
also mechanics7 helpers, leaving only about 6 per cent of the total
which are shown in a residual group as “ Other em ployees/7 The
principal occupations going to make up this group will be found
under the “ Description of oli-well occupations/7 page 9. Teamsters
furnishing their own teams were omitted from the tabulation because
no accurate data as to the daily cost of the team or as to the number
of teams furnished by an individual were obtainable. Another class
INTRODUCTION AND SU M M AR Y.
3
of employees omitted from the tabulation were those engaged in the
manufacture of casing-head gasoline, so called because it is extracted
from the natural gas coming from the casing heads of the oil wells.
Adjunct plants of this class, while found at many of the wells, are by
no means general. No females were scheduled at the wells.
In handling the data relating to work on the pipe lines 12 occu
pations were selected, and these cover 94 per cent of all employees
on the pipe lines of the 40 companies scheduled. As in the case at
the wells, mechanics other than carpenters and machinists are
classed separately and so are mechanics' helpers, leaving only 2 per
cent of the total to be grouped under “ Other employees/' Under
“ Laborers" are included roustabouts, yardmen, boiler cleaners, and
tongsmen, while those included under “ Other mechanics" are named
in the “ Description of pipe-line occupations," p. 12, as are also the
more important of the occupations grouped under “ Other em
ployees." Teamsters furnishing their own teams were not tabulated.
No females were scheduled on pipe lines.
In classifying the occupations found in the refineries, they were
grouped under five principal departments, namely: “ Refining" with
24 occupations, in two of which females were employed; “ Filling,
packing, and shipping," with 8 occupations, in 3 of which females
were employed; “ Transportation—railroad, motor, and team," with
7 occupations, in which males only were employed; “ Miscellaneous
labor, maintenance, and repair," with 20 occupations and a group of
“ Other mechanics," females being found in 2 occupations only; and
“ Guarding, etc.," with 1 selected occupation and a miscellaneous
group classed as “ Other employees," no females being reported under
this department. The total of 60 selected occupations cover 91 per
cent of employees at the 80 refineries scheduled. The more impor
tant of the miscellaneous occupations classed under “ Other em
ployees" will be found under the “ Description of occupations at
refineries," p. 21.
No separate classification was made for the paraffin department
because in many instances it was not possible to segregate the em
ployees of that department, but so far as can be observed from data
at hand the wages paid and the hours worked do not differ materially
from those in other branches of the refining department.
Still cleaners have been omitted because in most cases no accurate
records were kept as to their hours of work.
It will be observed that coal passers and ashmen have been thrown
together because the work was closely related and the rates about the
same. For similar reasons other groupings were made as follows:
Engineers and chillermen; firemen and assistant engineers; retort,
acid, and kettle men; stillmen's assistants, chargers, and headers-up;
branders and painters; teamsters and drivers; bricklayers and ma
sons; and crane operators. It should be stated also that all laborers
in the refineries have been classed under the department designated
as “ Miscellaneous labor, maintenance, and repair."
The data collected show that the regular working schedule of 74
per cent of all employees engaged in the drilling and operation of
wells was seven days per week, the remaining 26 per cent being sixday workers; 34 per cent of all pipe-line employees worked seven
days and 66 per cent six days per week; 23 per cent of all employees
at the refineries were seven-day workers and 77 per cent six-day
4
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY,
workers, while an inconsequential few worked only five days per
week. A more detailed summary of working time appears in the
following table which relates not only to days of work per week but
also to hours per day.
T able 1 .—NUM BER AN D CUM ULATIVE PER CENT OF A L L EM PLO YEES IN W E LL S,
PIPE LINES, AN D R EFIN ER IES W O R K ING SPECIFIED D A Y S PER W E E K , B Y
W O R K ING HOURS PER D A Y , 1920.
WELLS.
Number.
Customary hours per day.
6-day
workers.
8, but less on 1 day...............................
8 ................................................................
8f, but less on 1 day.............................
9 . . . ...........................................................
9 i...............................................................
9f, but less on 1 day.............................
10..............................................................
11..............................................................
12...............................................................
3
4,572
124
3,287
Total.............................................
Per cent...................................................
9,137
26
57
688
35
371
7-day
workers.
Cumulative per cent.
6-day
7-day
workers. workers.
Total.
4,832
3
15,847
124
10,976
2
57
3,008
35
5,203
26,118
74
35,255
100
11,275
7,689
2
2,320
0)
50
51
87
88
96
96
100
43
73
73
81
100
Total.
0)
45
45
76
76
77
85
85
100
PIPE LINES.
8................................................................
9................................................................
9£..............................................................
10..............................................................
12..............................................................
3,149
6,506
10
3,243
5,339
219
1,043
134
8,488
6,725
10
4,286
134
Total.............................................
Per cent...................................................
12,908
66
6,735
34
19,643
100
24
75
75
100
79
83
98
100
REFINERIES.
8, but less on 1 day.
8J, but less on 1 day
81, but less on 1 day.
8f, but less on 1 day.
9 ,but less on 1 day..
9...................................
9|, but less on 1 day.
9£,but less on 1 day.
10, but less on 1 day.
10.................................
.......................
11
1H ....................................
12, but less on 2 days.
12...................................
13.
.................
Total.
Per cent—
1 Less than 1 per cent.
2 Including 106 female workers.
3 Including 29 female workers.
4 Including 1 female worker.
6 Including 30 female workers.
6 Including 48 female workers.
a 1,986
a 16,782
4,799
4
6 1,832
7 576
» 3 ,742
9 2,030
48,993
2 1,986
6 25,775
4,799
4
6 1,832
7 576
8 3,746
9 2,590
1
1
23
141
120
10 751
3
28
8
23
141
120
io 837
36
61
8
86
33
33
2
2
45
3
213
13
258
16
ii 32,874
77
49,937
23
12
26
3 57
72
72
4 9i
6 77
7 79
»90
9 97
97
97
97
97
10 100
100
100
100
100
100
9i
96
97
97
98
98
100
100
25
^65
76
76
880
7 82
890
996
96
97
97
97
10 99
99
99
99
99
100
100
42,811
100
7 Including 75 female workers.
8 Including 9 female workers.
9 Including 6 female workers.
10 Including 6 five-day workers, less than 1 per cent of total,
n Including 273 female workers.
I2 Including 274 female workers.
Taking up that section of the table which relates to wells, it is seen
that there were three employees whose regular working time was
six days per week, with eight hours per day for five days and a less
5
INTRODUCTION AND SU M M ARY.
number of hours on the sixth day. In filling the percentage column,
however, these three are negligible when compared with the total of
9,137 six-day workers. On the next line are found 4,572 six-day
workers whose regular hours per day were eight for each of the six
days. This number, plus the three mentioned, makes 4,575 which
is 50 per cent of all six-day workers. The next entry in the six-day
group shows 124 whose regular hours were 8 f for five days per week
and a less number on the sixth day. The 124 added to the 4,575
gives'us 4,699, or 51 per cent of the total. Going one step further to
include the 3,287 working nine hours straight for six days in the week,
we have 7,986, or 87 per cent of all six-day workers, who worked nine
hours per day or less. This method was continued until the entire
100 per cent were accounted for. The seven-day workers were
treated in a similar way, as were also the six-day and seven-day
workers combined. It will be seen that a cumulative percentage,
for example 100, may appear two or more times in the same column.
This means that one or more employees fell within a certain classifica
tion but that the number of such employees was so very small as not
to affect the percentage, which is given in round numbers. Were
the percentages carried to additional decimal places a slight change
would be seen, for example 99.7 and 99.9 are both expressed as 100
in round numbers.
As previously indicated, the 9,137 six-day workers constitute 26
per cent, and the 26,118 seven-day workers, 74 per cent of all em
ployees at the wells.
The above explanation will apply also to those sections of the
table which relate to pipe lines and refineries.
Some minor details of the table have been taken care of in foot
notes.
The following summary table shows the average full-time hours
per week and the average earnings per hour by industry subdivision
and by occupation. The averages shown in this table are for the
United States as a whole. In this and in the general tables also all
employees are males except where females are noted.
T able 2 . —A V ER AG E FULL-TIM E HOURS PER W E E K , AND AVER AG E EARNINGS PER
HOUR IN THE PETROLEUM IN D U ST R Y IN THE U N ITED STATES, B Y OCCUPATIONS,
1920.
WELLS.
Occupation.
Establish
ments.
Employ
ees.
Average
full-time
hours per
week.
Average
earnings
per hour.
Derrick men.............................................................................
Drillers......................................................................................
Drillers’ helpers and clean-out helpers..............................
Firemen.....................................................................................
Gaugers.....................................................................................
Laborers, roustabouts, and connection m en....................
Pumpers and engineers..........................................................
Rig builders..............................................................................
Teamsters..................................................................................
Tool dressers.............................................................................
Truck drivers...........................................................................
Mechanics:
Carpenters.........................................................................
Machinists.........................................................................
Other mechanics.
Mechanics’ helpers..................................................................
Other employees......................................................................
11
54
32
29
21
56
57
19
30
49
38
891
2,575
2,731
1,128
123
11,913
7,202
432
498
1,894
.793
56.6
73.6
59.7
57.7
61.3
57.7
62.5
55.2
59.8
78.6
59.6
$ .752
1.140
.683
.651
.658
.589
.582
.919
.583
.934
.633
38
25
36
29
48
987
274
1,198
544
2,072
57.4
55.6
56.4
55.9
61.9
.828
.890
.791
.679
.663
Total................................................................................
62
35,255
6
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able 2 .—AVE R A G E FULL-TIM E HOURS PER W E E K , AND A V ER AG E EAR N IN G S PER
H O U R IN T H E PETR OLEUM IN D U ST R Y IN T H E U N ITED STATES, B Y OCCUPATIONS,
1920—Continued.
PIPE LINES.
Establish
ments.
Occupation.
Employ
ees.
Average
full-time
hours per
week.
Average
earnings
per hour.
Engineers and pumpers.........................................................
Firemen.................................................................................
Gaugers—deliverymen and oil receivers............................
Laborers, roustabouts, etc.....................................................
Linemen....................................................................................
Line walkers.............................................................................
Oilers..........................................................................................
Teamsters..................................................................................
Telegraph operators................................................................
Truck drivers.................... -.....................................................
Mechanics:
Carpenters.........................................................................
Machinists.........................................................................
Other mechanics..............................................................
Mechanics’ helpers..................................................................
Other employees......................................................................
40
32
39
40
22
39
12
14
27
24
1,734
1,074
1,303
11,174
237
555
296
132
642
263
57.2
55.7
58.9
54.7
59.5
62.5
54.1
60.1
56.0
57.1
SO. 749
.701
.775
.528
.656
.584
.711
.537
.676
.635
29
24
30
18
29
427
173
930
236
467
56.4
54.9
55.3
53.5
57.7
.853
.842
.729
.710
.692
Total................................................................................
40
19,643
26
11
45
18
80
52
14
2
9
31
4
70
29
11
14
6
80
59
26
28
1
9
73
36
6
28
145
661
432
84
3,532
234
150
8
54
384
19
1,087
447
36
85
25
1,205
1,344
123
139
5
35
235
191
24
293
55.6
54.7
55.3
56.1
53.6
55.2
52.8
52.5
52.9
53.4
56.0
53.6
54.0
48.9
54.9
55.8
54.2
53.6
53.5
52.9
49.0
53.0
55.3
54.3
54.3
52.7
SO. 676
.620
.811
.701
.756
.691
.727
.606
.752
.792
.692
.789
.746
.771
.798
.972
.905
.799
.806
.615
.560
.574
.831
.757
.695
.872
15
1
33
1
24
6
1
13
4
69
2
13
96
1
238
52
63
19
3
109
175
261
13
58
48.4
49.0
49.2
44.0
49.9
50.3
44.0
48.6
47.4
52.2
48.7
50.0
.675
.528
.655
.383
.778
.657
.502
.662
.398
.625
.613
.703
6
51
5
14
8
26
5
48
275
27
63
36
280
72
47.9
50.8
60.2
54.0
'60.2
51.0
52.0 1
REFINERIES.
REFINING.
Clay roasters.........................................................................
Coal passers and ashmen..................................................
Engineers and chillermen................................................ .
Filterers................................................................................
Firemen and assistant engineers.....................................
Gaugers.'..............................................................................
Molders.................................................................................
Molders (female)................................................................
Oilers....................................................................................
Pressmen..............................................................................
Press runners......................................................................
Pumpmen............................................................................
Pumpmen’s helpers...........................................................
Repairmen...........................................................................
Retort, acid, and kettle men..........................................
Still inspectors....................................................................
Stillmen................................................................................
Stillmen’s assistants, chargers, and headers-up.........
Sweatermen.........................................................................
Testers..................................................................................
Testers (female)..................................................................
Testers’ assistants...............................................................
Treaters................................................................................
Treaters’ helpers......................................................... ’___
Water purifiers....................................................................
Water tenders.....................................................................
FILLING, PACKING, AN D SHIPPING.
Branders and painters.......................................................
Branders and painters (female)......................................
Fillers...................................................................................
Fillers (female)...................................................................
Inspectors.............................................................................
Nailers...................................................................................
Nailers (female)..................................................................
Packers.................................................................................
Packers (female)................................................................
Tank-car loaders.................................................................
Testers..................................................................................
Weighers.............................................................................
TRANSPORTATION— RAILROAD, MOTOR, AND TEAM.
Brakemen............................................................................
Chauffeurs................................... .......................................
Conductors................ ..........................................................
Engineers, railroad............................................................
Firemen...............................................................................
Teamsters and drivers......................................................
Trackmen..............................................................................
.886
.681
1.033
.996
.828
.630
.590
7
INTRODUCTION AND SU M M AR Y.
2.—A V E R A G E FULL-TIM E HOURS PER W E E K , A N D A V E R A G E E A R N IN G S P E R
HOUR IN TH E PETR OLEUM IN D U ST R Y IN T H E U N IT E D STATES, B Y OCCUPATIONS*
1920—Concluded.
REFINERIES S—Concluded.
table
Occupation.
Establish
ments.
Employ
ees.
Average
full-time
hours per
week.
Average
earnings
per hour.
MISCELLANEOUS LAB O R , M A INTE N AN CE, AND REPAIR .
Blacksmiths..............................................................................
Boiler makers....................................................................
Boilp.r-Tnakers’ helpers...................
Bricklayers and masons.........................................................
Carpenters..........................................................................
Coopers......................................................................................
Crane operators........................................................................
Crane riggers.............................................................................
Driving-machine operators...................................................
Electricians........... ..................................................................
Helpers i .................................................................................. ..
Laborers....................................................................................
Laborers (female)...............................
.. .
Lead burners.....1.....................................................................
Machinists.................................................................................
Painters.....................................................................................
Pipe fitters................................................................................
Pipe fitters’ helpers................................................................
Property keepers.....................................................................
Property keepers (female).....................................................
Tinsmiths.................................................................................
Welders......................................................................................
Other mechanics......................................................................
48
52
65
23
18
11
3
42
52
78
2
23
56
47
68
55
20
1
13
36
57
47
179
1,153
2,536
598
995
239
87
204
9
251
2,272
11,139
29
50
813
408
1,025
3,220
87
1
55
147
728
47.9
48.1
47.6
48.0
47. 8
49.0
53.6
48.4
49.0
48.7
48.2
49.7
44.8
49.0
48.5
48.0
49.4
48.8
50.6
49.0
47.2
47.3
49.6
SO. 867
.991
.741
1.115
.894
.788
.869
.758
.649
.919
.662
.575
.499
1.045
.905
.710
.855
.685
.698
.520
.874
.895
.770
W atchmen.............................................. , ................................
Other employees.....................................................................
65
67
781
2,939
57.5
52.0
.638
.701
Total................................................................................
80
42,811
m
G U ARDING. ETC.
1 Not including boiler 'makers’ and pipe fitters’ helpers.
A brief description of the operations in each of the three subdivi
sions of the petroleum industry covered by this survey is herewith
given, and this is followed by a description of the principal occupa
tions found in the respective subdivisions.
In addition to first-hand information obtained by special agents of
the bureau which has been used in the preparation of material de
scriptive of the operations several standard works have been con
sulted.
DRILLING AND OPERATION OF OIL WELLS.
The two types of drills commonly used in the drilling of oil wells
are the cable tool and the rotary drill. The nature of the strata in
the field in which the drilling is to be done is the determining factor
in the selection of the drill.
The cable tool, or percussion drill, is generally used in the fields
where considerable stone or rock formation is expected to be encoun
tered. This drill consists of a heavy steel stem some 30 feet in length
and of varying diameter, according to the size of the hole to be drilled,
the stem having a tool known as a “ b it” attached to the lower end.
To the upper end is fastened a wire cable suspended from the top of
a derrick and leading to a hoisting drum, around which the cable is
wound. The derrick usually has a 20-foot base, tapering in pyram
idal shape to a 4-foot top at a height of 80 feet, and may be of wood
or steel construction, its strength being conditioned upon the earth
8
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
formation. A soft formation where caving-in is likely to occur calls
for a large hole because it is necessary to insert columns of casing as
the depth of the well increases. In the case of very deep wells the
diameter is usually large even though caving-in may not be expected.
The drum is set in motion b y a lever connected with the engine.
The lever is controlled by the driller who raises and releases the tool
stem, the weight of which forces the tool through the bed of earth
and rock. When the drill strikes gravel, a casing is put in and drill
ing is continued through the gravel to limestone and through the
limestone. After the limestone formation is drilled through, a casing
about 1| inches less in diameter is put in and continued down with
the drilling until oil is found or the well is abandoned as a nonpro
ducer. The formation drilled through may vary, but at a depth at
which it is thought there may be oil smaller casing and drills are
used than at the beginning.
At intervals during the process a bailer or clean-out tool is lowered
into the hole to bring up the dirt and rock that have been loosened.
The bailer consists o f a long tube having on the lower end a detacha
ble valve and, like the tool stem, connected by a wire cable leading
to another hoisting drum. When the drilling is completed and the
well “ shot” (see p. 9) the bailing is continued until all the loose dirt
and rock have been removed, and the well is then turned over to
the production department for pumping.
The rotary drill has come into common use in oil fields where there
is little or no stone or rock, because of’the speed with which the drill
ing can be done in soft or caving formations. However, when ob
structions in the nature of stone or rock are found in the path of the
drill, there is a specially designed tool, known as a “ cone” bit attached
to the drill stem.
The rotary drill consists of a rapidly rotating pipe or stem on the
lower end oi which is attached a fish-tail or a diamond-point bit. To
the upper end of the stem is attached a wire cable which suspended
from the top of the derrick, leads to a hoisting drum.
The pipe or stem is rotated at the rate of some 200 revolutions per
minute by a horizontal revolving disk through which the stem passes.
The rotary disk is driven by chain and sprockets from the line shaft
operated by the engine.
Water and thin mud are pumped through the drill stem down into
the hole and this forces the material cut away by the bit to rise to
the surface The mud also serves to cement the walls and prevents
©aving-in of the sides of the hole before the casing can be inserted.
The casing is inserted in strings, the number and size depending upon
the depth of the well. They are put in at different intervals of depth,
seldom exceeding three strings, and ranging in size from 10 inches to
6 inches in wells to a depth of 3,500 feet.
After the drilling is completed and the well “ shot” the hole is
“ swabbed in.” The swab is much like the bailer used in cable-tool
drilling, except that between the stem and the valve is a larger rubber
tube which when compressed and released creates a vacuum. This
draws the sand, etc., into the tube, which is repeatedly lowered into
and withdrawn from the hole until the well is “ brought in ” and ready
to be “ put on the beam,” or turned over to the production depart
ment for pumping.
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
9
DESCRIPTION OF OIL-WELL OCCUPATIONS.
Derrick men.— Employed only where rotary drilling is done. From
a position up in the derrick he attaches a cable to pipes or casings and
holds the upper end of the casing while it is being lowered into
position and while those below make the connection.
Drillers.— In general, the driller directs the work and controls the
levers operating the drilling machinery. His first duty is, with the
help of a tool dresser who works with a driller, to locate and set up
the boiler, engine, and drill rig at the point where a well is to be
drilled. Laborers may aid in this work. After the rig is set up and
the engine in operation, the driller places the drill at the point deter
mined for commencement of drilling, adjusts the “ temper screw,” a
device to show the depth of the drill in the formation being drilled, so
as to give the proper “ bite” or pressure to the drill, and continues
drilling until gravel is struck. The driller keeps a close watch of the
temper screw, adjusting it frequently, as conditions require, and
observing the cutting and the depth being obtained in order to deter
mine the necessity for a change of drill; that is, a newly-sharpened
drill. When oil is struck a charge of nitroglycerine is put into the
bottom of the well and discharged to loosen up the formation at the
depth where the oil is found. This is called “ shooting the well,” and
the charge may be put in the well by the driller or a man hired
especially to “ shoot the well,” such employee being called a “ well
shooter.” After a well is “ shot” the driller has charge of cleaning it
out to get it in condition to be thoroughly cased for piping and
pumping. The tool dresser helps the driller in this work.
Drillers1 helpers and clean-out helpers—Assist in making pipe and
casing joints, attach and remove bits, etc.
Firemen.— Fire the boilers for running the engines used in pumping
the wells. This work is usually done by the tool dresser and some
times by an engineer, if one is employed.
Gaugers.—Measure and report the quantity of oil in the tanks and
turn it into the pipe line.
Laborers, roustabouts, and connection men.— Help the pumpers
repair boilers and engines and set pumps or jacks and put in rod lines.
They also dig ditches and act as general handymen on construction
and repair work and sometimes do casing Work.
Pumpers and engineers.—A pumper has charge ol, keeps in order,
and looks after the boilers, engines, pumps, or “ jacks,” etc. He
inspects the pumps at intervals, oils the machinery, and watches the
tanks that they do not run over. An engineer is sometimes engaged
to run the engine and act as fireman for drilling when there is more
work at tool sharpening and assisting the driller than the tool dresser
can do and act as engineer and fireman too. The engineer may also
be employed at other power work.
Rig builders.— Erect the rigs, or derricks, used in drilling oil wells.
Teamsters.— Load and unload material and transport it from one
location to another by use of horse and wagon or other conveyance.
Tool dressers.—A tool dresser assists a driller. His duties are to
act as fireman and run the engine used for power in drilling, sharpen
drills, help bail water from the well and do any other work required
by the driller. He helps to clean out the well after it has been “ sho t ”
and puts it in condition for casing and piping to be pumped. On
10
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
account of being employed in helping to clean out wells, a tool dresser
is also called a “ clean-out man’s helper.”
Truck drivers.— Load and unload materials and operate the motor
trucks used in the work.
MECHANICS.
Carpenters.— Also called power builders. Erect dwelling houses,
sheds for pumping engines, and for housing equipment.
Machinists.—Also called mechanics. Have charge of all machinery
installment and mechanical repair work in the oil fields.
Other mechanics.— These include a large number engaged in repair
ing steam engines, pumps, gasoline engines, and various other machin
ery and implements. At many establishments they are carried on
the rolls as “ repairers.”
Mechanics7helpers.— Men who have had some experience in various
mechanical occupations and assist the journeymen mechanics in their
respective trades are called “ Mechanics7 or repairers7 helpers:77
OTHER EMPLOYEES.
Casers.— Also called casing-gang men. Insert strings of casing in
the wells under the direction of the driller. They also pull tubes or
pipes and rods from the wells, using a hydraulic jack called a pulling
machine. The casing work may be done by one gang and the tube
and rodwork by another, in which case those doing the latter are
called “ Pulling-machine men.77
Clean-out men.— Same kind of work as that done by regular drillers
except that while cleaning out an old well the drillers are known as
clean-out men and the tool dressers as clean-out helpers, and both
are paid at a lower rate for this kind of work.
Line walkers.— Walk the gathering pipe lines in the oil fields to
look for leaks or breaks in the pipes.
Oilers.— Oil the engines, pumps, rods, and other machinery at the
wells.
Tractor drivers.— Operate motor tractors used in drawing heavy
loads of material.
Truck drivers' helpers.— Assist the truck drivers in loading and
unloading trucks.
Warehouse men.— Have charge of material stored in stock that is
required for use throughout an oil field. They make distribution of
the stock as called for and keep a record of the stock on hand and the
stock distributed.
Watchmen.— Guard the property in the oil fields against theft, fire,
etc.
PIPE-LINE TRANSPORTATION OF CRUDE PETROLEUM.
To most people the tank car is not an unfamiliar sight, and those
living on the seacoast may see the tank steamer. Formerly these
two instruments constituted the principal means by which crude and
refined petroleum was transported from one section of the country to
another. While both are still in use, the tank car, so far as the trans
portation of crude petroleum is concerned, has to a great extent been
supplanted by the modern pipe-line system though it is still the prin
cipal means of transporting the refined product, excepting in the
PIPE-LINE TRANSPORTATION OF CRUDE PETROLEUM!.
11
coastwise, the import, and the export trade, where the tank steamer
is the more important carrier.
This report, however, in so far as it relates to the transportation
of crude petroleum, is concerned solely with the vast network of pipe
lines which gather and transport the oil from the wells to the refineries,
some of which are located many hundred miles away.
The nearest thing with which these underground systems of trans
portation are comparable is the water works system of a city; the
former being the reverse of the latter in operation, in that its system
of arteries gathers up the oil from the various wells and sends it to
the trunk lines, thence to the refineries, while the water works sys
tem sends the water first through the main conduit, later distributing
it to the homes of the people.
To emphasize the size of the modern system of oil transportation,
it may be explained that the oil is pumped from the fields of Texas,
Oklahoma, and Kansas to refineries along the Atlantic seaboard of
the United States and to other refineries located in the Dominion of
Canada.
To illustrate these intricate systems of lines, it may be said that
one concern has more than 6,000 miles of gathering and trunk lines
and nearly 100 main and field pumping stations; while another
reports a system of such magnitude that it drains the crude oil from
some 10,000 wells and delivers it to almost any refining center in the
United States, save the Pacific coast where there are other systems
no less modern than those in the East, the Middle West and Southwest.
These lines are known as “ gathering” lines and “ trunk "lines, the
pipes of the former being of 6 inches diameter or less, while the trunk
lines are of 6,8, 12, and sometimes 16 inches. These very large pipes,
however, are confined to short distances because they necessitate
more than an ordinary number of pumping stations, which as a rule
are found about every 50 miles along the trunk lines, depending upon
the hindrance or the assistance offered b y gravity.
It is of interest to note that before the advent of the tank car, the
tank steamer, and the pipe line it was not an uncommon sight in
what was then the principal oil-producing region to see a string of
half a hundred wagons hauling the oil from the wells to refineries
hundreds of miles distant. This furnished many men and teams with
employment and these men naturally became jealous of any system
that meant the loss of their jobs, the result being that repeated
attempts upon the part of pioneers to transport oil by pipe lines were
futile, the lines being destroyed time after time, and it was only by
the constant guarding of the property that the system was finally
placed upon a safe basis. Nowadays millions of individuals walk and
ride daily across these various lines laid underground, unconscious
of the fact that beneath their feet is flowing the crude product on its
way to the refinery, later to be used in running and oiling their motor
cars and in lighting their homes.
This system is now so generally recognized by the public as an
economic plan of first import that it is only in the rarest instances
that one hears of a pipe line being tampered with. Even during the
World War there was comparatively little trouble of this nature,
notwithstanding the fact that petroleum was undoubtedly one of
the most important factors in the winning of the war.
12
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
DESCRIPTION OF PIPE-LINE OCCUPATIONS.
Engineers and pumpers.— Engineers are responsible for the operation
and care of the engines and pumps at the pumping stations. At the
smaller stations they do the firing also. The engines pump the oil
from one pumping station to another, the distance varying from a
few miles to almost 100, depending upon the topography of the
country.
Firemen.—Are found only in the larger stations where the engineers
do not have time to do the firing. They fire the boilers, watch the
water gauge, and oil the engine and pumps. Called engineers’
assistants where gas is used as fuel.
Gaugers {field gaugers and hourly gaugers).— Field gaugers measure
the oil in the tanks in the producing fields. They first run off the
water which settles in the bottom of the oil tanks, then measure the
oil and let it run into the gathering lines. Hourly gaugers measure
the oil each hour in the big storage tanks at the pumping station
to see how much is being received.
Laborers, roustabouts, etc.— Common laborers performing un
skilled work in the construction and repair of the pipe lines. Such
labor consists in clearing the right of way, pick and shovel work on
the ditch, loading and unloading trucks and wagons, lifting pipe into
the ditch and fining in the ditch after the pipe line is laid.
Linemen.— Erect and repair the telegraph and telephone lines con
nected with the pipe line. This consists mainly in supervising the
erection of the poles, stringing the wires and testing out the lines.
Line walkers or patrolmen.— Walk lines of pipe looking for any leaks,
danger from flood, fire, or anything that may appear wrong with the
pipe lines, for wires down, etc., reporting the trouble to the nearest
station. They have a certain distance to cover each day, which varies
iji different sections.
Oilers.— Oil the engines and pumps and watch the water gauges.
Found only in the larger stations where the time of the engineer is
occupied by more important duties.
Teamsters.— Have the care and driving of the teams for hauling and
grading purposes, mostly on pipe-line construction.
Telegraph operators.— Operate the telegraph lines in connection
with pipe lines, and at small stations do the gauging. They are
located at pumping stations along the line.
Truck drivers.— Operate motor trucks, mostly on construction work
but sometimes employed regularly at supply depots. They make
minor emergency truck repairs also.
Carpenters.— Employed chiefly in the construction of houses for em
ployees, offices, warerooms, scaffolding, and wooden tanks. They do
all the woodwork on the buildings and tanks.
Machinists.— Set up and repair the engines and pumps and operate
thread-cutting machines for large size pipes.
Mechanics’ helpers.—These are men who have had some experience
in the various mechanical occupations; they assist their respective
mechanics.
DESCRIPTION OP PIPE-LINE OCCUPATIONS.
13
OTHER MECHANICS.
Blacksmiths.— Engaged chiefly on repairs, sharpening picks, crow
bars, etc., and doing any welding that may be necessary m construc
tion or maintenance. Found either with the construction gang or
at the supply depot.
Boiler makers.— Construct all metal tanks and smokestacks where
heavy iron is used and do acetylene welding.
Bricklayers.—Lay brick on buildings, construct brick fire boxes
for engines, set boilers, and construct brick culverts along the line.
Cement finishers.— Direct the laying of the grout and put on the
finishing coat to cement work at stations and at dwelling houses.
Cement workers.— Mix the concrete and grout and assist the cement
finishers.
Connection men.— Assist in the laying of the pipe line by making
the connections of the several lengths of pipe, under the direction of
the stabber.
Electricians.— Install and keep in repair the electrical appliances
and fixtures in the stations and dwellings.
Painters.— Paint the tanks, dwelling houses, pumping stations, etc.
Pipe-machine operators.— Operate pipe machines used in laying and
joining pipes.
Pipe machinists.— Thread pipe by machinery and sometimes con. struct short pieces used in making connections.
Plasterers.— Plaster houses and stations.
Plumbers.— Install toilet and water supply fixtures necessary at
pumping stations and dwelling houses.
Stabbers.— Stand at the far end of the length of pipe which is being
joined to the line already constructed and sight it so that it will enter
, the coupling straight and make a perfect fitting connection without
the thread being crossed and stripped. Work similar to that of
foreman of pipe-laying gang.
Tank repairers.—May be either carpenters repairing wooden tanks,
or boiler makers repairing steel tanks.
Tank riveters.— Itivet the tank plates after they are fitted up by
the boiler makers.
Welders.— Weld pipe lines together by the acetylene process where
thread connections are not used. Also employed in the construction
and repair of steel tanks.
OTHER EMPLOYEES.
Calkers.— When a leak is discovered in the seams of a tank, the
calker, with the use of a hammer and a specially constructed chisel
or iron, tightens the seams by wedging in oakum or cotton packing.
Chauffeurs.— Operate passenger motor cars. This term is some
times used to denote drivers of small motor trucks, but the latter
should be classed as truck drivers.
Construction men.— A term applied to a gang employed, on new
work or to a large repair gang. They lay and repair the pipe lines.
Ditching-machine operators.— Operate machines used in excavating
ditches in which the pipe line is to be laid. Also operate machines
which fill the ditch and pack the dirt on top of the pipe.
7 0 3 1 2°— 22— B u ll. 297------ 2
14
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Field scouts.— Secure the right of way, make provision for supplies
and forage for the men and animals of the construction gang, and
engage teams for work when necessary.
Strappers.— Measure the height, and the top and bottom diame
ters o f the inside, and any inside projection of tanks after they are
constructed or reconstructed so that depth gauges may be made.
Tank-car loaders.— Are rather unusual along a pipe line; they make
the connections for loading tanks cars with crude petroleum when
shipped by tank car instead of by pipe line.
Telephone operators.— Some pipe line companies have a telephone
instead of a telegraph system, and the operators operate the phones
at the pumping stations and at small stations do the gauging.
THE REFINING OF PETROLEUM.
The crude oil having been pumped from the wells and then trans
ported by pipe line, in tank cars, or in tank steamers to the refinery,
it remains now to be seen how its various component parts are broken
up and separated successively one from another to meet the public
needs. This is made possible from the fact that the boiling points
of the different “ fractions” constituting the crude oil are reached at
different temperatures. For instance, the naphtha or gasoline in the
petroleum begins to boil at a lower temperature than does any other
constituent part. It is therefore the first element to vaporize, and at
a given temperature the vapor as it passes overhead to the condenser
will be composed largely oi this fraction, though it will contain also
more or less of the heavier oils. The separation of the fractions is
aided by the condensing process, since the vapors containing the
fractions of higher boiling points are the first to condense.
If the temperature in the still is increased, the kerosene begins to
boil, and this is followed in turn, as the temperature is further in
creased, by the gas and fuel oils and then the lubricating oil, the latter
sometimes being referred to as the paraffin distillate, which is the last
of the four major fractions resulting from the first distillation.
The boiling process usually takes place in an immense horizontal
cylindrical “ still” mounted over a furnace, the fuel being coal or oil.
The latter is very generally used in California because of the scarcity
and cost of coal.
These stills are of varying capacities, some being as large as 16 feet
in diameter and 32 feet in length, or 14 feet in diameter and 42 feet
in length, capable of distilling 1,000 to 1,200 barrels at one time;
while others are very small in comparison, having a capacity as low as
200 barrels. They are arranged in rows or batteries, a battery fre
quently consisting of a dozen stills.
The condensing equipment referred to above consists of a coil or
system of parallel iron pipes, usually submerged in a large tank of
cold water. As the vaporized oil from the still is conveyed through
the pipes of the condenser and comes in contact with the cooling
surface it is condensed into a liquid form and is run to the receiving
house, the four major fractions being diverted into separate tanks
as each is distilled in turn by increased heat. The condensers vary
in size with the stills, some of the boxes measuring as much as 20 feet
in width, 48 feet in length, and 12 feet in height.
T H E REFINING OF PETROLEUM.
15
The time required to produce the four major fractions varies
from 48 to 72 hours.
In the distillation of crude oil a considerable quantity of gas accu
mulates, especially in connection with pressure and coking still
operations where cracking occurs. The amount of gas depends to
some extent upon the temperature of the still, of the condenser, of
the weather, and also upon the crude oil used. This gas is not
allowed to go to waste. In some plants it is used directly for fuel
purposes only, but in others through an absorption process, a certain
amount of gasoline is recovered from the gas, and this is then treated
chemically in order to remove the sulphur.
In addition to the cylindrical still there is the “ cheesebox”
still which, however, is little used nowadays. The “ steam still”
also in use, obtains its name from the fact that the distillation is
effected by steam instead of by fire. The “ tower still” is so called
because of the condensing and separating tower which rises some
what higher than the still itself. The “ continuous still” is one in
which the distillation is a continuous process, making it possible to
obtain at the same time different fractions from the several stills
in the battery. * This is done by connecting all the stills of a battery,
the temperature being increased at each successive still. The crude
oil is charged into the initial still which takes off the naphtha and
flowing from that to the others, each distilling its fraction; the re7
siduum is pumped from the last still. The “ vacuum still,” which is
smaller than the average crude still, is so called because a partial
vacuum is created in it by the use of a pump, and this causes some
of the fractions to vaporize at temperatures lower than would be the
case under atmospheric pressure. “ Pressure stills” are those in
which the distillation is carried on by subjecting the oil to heat and
pressure to increase the per cent of gasoline from the crude.
To return to the four major fractions resulting from the distilla
tion of the crude oil, it is-found that the naphtha is not of sufficient
purity to make it marketable, so it is pumped into a huge tank-like
container called an “ agitator,” in which it is agitated with air or
circulated through a centrifugal pump, treated with sulphuric acid
and caustic soda, then washed with water, causing the “ sludge” or
sediment to settle at the bottom so that it may be drawn off. This
sludge contains some oil and tar, the former being recovered, the
latter being used as fuel. The chemical treatment of the naphtha
not only removes the sulphur and impurities but also improves the
odor and color of the product. This process sometimes takes place
in a continuous heating plant, so called because the oil and acid are
fed continuously through a mixing device. The time required for
treating the oil in an agitator of 5,000 barrels’ capacity is about 30
hours.
Following the chemical treatment the naphtha is subjected to a
second distillation in a steam still. Steam is used not only because
naphtha boils at such a low temperature that the use of fire is not
required but also because the product from the second distillation
is believed to be of a better quality if steam is used.
The kerosene, which was found to be the second fraction obtained
from the distillation of the' crude oil, is also given a chemical treat
ment, after which it is redistilled in a combination fire and steam still,
16
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
the fire causing the necessary heat and the steam preventing “ crack
ing,” that is, the disintegration of the oil. Even after this process:
it is sometimes again rerun in a steam still or filtered through clay to
further improve its quality.
The gas and fuel-oil stock, the third fraction to come over in the;
distillation of the crude oil, is not usually given further treatment.
Gas oil is used principally in the manufacture of city gas, for internal-*
combustion engines, and as metallurgical fuel.
The lubricating-oil distillate or paraffin distillate, the fourth frac
tion resulting from the distillation, contains the stock from which
both lubricating oils and paraffin wax are obtained. It is pumped
from the receiving house to the tanks of the paraffin department,
then through the chillers to the presses. The chilling process, which
is performed in a large refrigerating plant, crystallizes the wax in the
oil, forming a kind of slush which is then by means of presses filtered
through canvas blankets, the oil passing through and dripping into a
tank while the “ slack w ax” adheres to the blankets.
The pressed oil, now wax free, is pumped from the tank to the
“ reducing stills” where it is reduced to the required viscosity for
lubricating oils. This is accomplished by distilling off some of the
lighter fractions. The lubricating oil remaining is then pumped to.
the agitators and there treated with sulphuric acid and caustic soda,
in order to improve the color and odor and to remove heavy carbon.
The “ sludge,” which is a term used to cover dirt and other impu
rities, settles in the bottom of the agitator and is then pumped to
the acid plant, where it is charged into a kettle of water and blown,
with steam. This treatment, or cooking, separates the oil, acid, and
impurities, the last being known as acid coke. The oil and acid are
pumped off and the coke is dumped into a conveyer for transfer to
fuel cars.
The “ slack w ax” as it is scraped from the blankets falls into a
worm conveyer, which carries it to the melting tank. After melting
it is pumped to a settling tank and from there to the paraffin agitators,
where it is cleansed with a treatment of sulphuric acid and caustic
soda to improve the color. In order to remove the remaining oil, the
melted wax is pumped into “ sweating pans” and allowed to cool and
solidify. The pans are then gradually warmed up, which causes the
oil in the crystals of wax to sweat out and flow to the receiving pans,
and this oil is then resweated to remove any wax remaining therein.
The wax obtained by the “ sweating process” is known as “ trade
scale w ax” which may be resweated to refined wax, the latter being
filtered through clay or animal charcoal to make the product colorless;
The filtered refined wax is then run through press molds and made
into cakes.
The above description applies when paraffin-base crude oil is used,
and this oil predominates to a greater extent in the Appalachian field
than elsewhere in the United States. In addition to this, there is a
greater demaiid in the East for lubricants, the result being that most
of the refineries having a paraffin department are located in the East.
The Appalachian field includes New York, Pennsylvania, West Vir
ginia, southeastern Ohio, Kentucky, and Tennessee.
In the refining of other crude petroleums, however, the method is
very much the same, excepting mat a less number of finished prod
ucts are obtained, the residue depending upon the oil that is used.
DESCRIPTION OF OCCUPATIONS AT REFINERIES.
17
Much of the crude oil produced in Mexico and also in California is of
the asphalt base, which yields gasoline, kerosene, fuel oil, and asphalt.
In the field about Lima, Ohio, and extending into eastern Indiana,
which is known as the Lima-Indiana field, and also in the northern
Illinois field, the oil contains much sulphur. There is little asphalt
in the Lima-Indiana field, but considerable in northern Illinois. The
Gulf field, embracing southern Louisiana and southern Texas, pro
duces an oil strong of both asphalt and sulphur. The crude oil pro
duced in the mid-continent and Wyoming fields is of a mixed asphalt
and paraffin base. The mid-continent field includes Kansas, Okla
homa, northern Louisiana and northern Texas, and Arkansas. In
some sections of this field sulphur also is found, but in the northern
parts of Louisiana and Texas the crude is practically free from
sulphur.
Partly because of the kind of crude oil produced in the Middle West
and partly because of the limited market in that section for lubricat
ing oils, there is not so large a proportion of “ complete refineries”
there as in the East. The great majority of those in the Middle West
and Southwest are known as “ skimming” plants, which may produce
some but not all of the finished products. In California there are
quite a few “ topping” plants which subject the crude to one distil
lation, the lighter product being known as “ tops,” the residuum being
sold for fuel oil.
The per cent that each of the four major fractions constitutes of the
crude oil depends of course upon the kind of crude oil used. It has
been found, however, that mid-continental paraffin base yields are
approximately as follows: Twenty-three per cent gasoline, 27 per
cent refined kerosene oil, 28.41 per cent gas oil, 11 per cent paraffin
lubricating oils, 1.63 per cent crude scale wax, 0.38 per cent wax
tailings, 3.28 per cent petroleum coke, with a loss of 5.3 per cent dur
ing distillation. Mid-continent crude is cited as an example, because
the Appalachian crude, especially the Pennsylvania grade, is conserved
principally for cylinder stock and high-grade lubricating oils.
DESCRIPTION OF OCCUPATIONS AT REFINERIES.
REFINING.
Clay roasters.— Reclaim the clay after it is used in the filters. The
oil is blown out, the clay is washed, steamed, and placed into a
revolving roaster which, when heat is applied, drys the clay; after
which it is removed for use again.
Coal passers and ashmen.— Deliver coal from coal pile to boilers
and remove ashes from the ash beds.
Engineers and chillermen.— Engineers operate the various pumps
used for pumping the oil and also operate the refrigerating plant
which is used to chill the oil before it is fed to the wax presses.
Chillermen operate the necessary machinery to force the oil through
the chillers. One man may be both engineer and chillerman.
Filterers.— Oil is filtered through large vats of clay to remove acid
and asphalt and to improve the color. Filtqrers watch the oil as it
comes from these vats to see if it meets the required tests.
Firemen and assistant engineers.-^-Firemen at the stills feed fuel
by hand to the furnace beneath the still and remove ashes. Fuel
18
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
may consist of coal, coke and screenings, acid tar, or fuel oil. They
regulate the drafts and watch the temperature of the still to see that
the still bottoms are not overheated and burned. Boiler firemen feed
fuel, consisting of coal, fuel oil, or gas, to furnace under the boiler,
remove ashes, and watch the steam pressure and water gauge. The
assistant engineer assists the engineer and at some plants acts as
fireman.
Gaugers.—Are responsible for the measuring by their assistants of
the contents of tanks. The gaugeman at pressure stills manipulates
the gauges in the receiving house.
Molders.— Operate presses for molding wax into differently shaped
blocks for commercial use.
Oilers.— Oil the engines, pumps, and other machinery.
Pressmen.— Manipulate the filter presses, breaking them down
with the use of heavy knives to separate the steel plates from the
canvas blankets to release the wax. Also called press dumpers.
Press runners.— Found under this name only at plants where the
work is highly specialized. Open and close the presses and keep
them in working condition.
Pumpmen.— Take care of the transferring of oil by means of pumps
from receiving tanks to stills or from tanks to agitators and start
and stop all pumps. Must understand the different line systems,
know what each tank contains, see that the proper grade of oil is
being pumped to the department ordering it. They draw the oil
from storage tanks to pump house by suction pumps for shipment,
then pump to tank cars or tank steamers.
Pumpmen*s helpers.—A t direction of pumpmen they open valves
on the proper line for the transfer of oil and walk the lines to see if
there are any leaks.
Repairmen.—Adjust and make minor repairs to pumps.
Retort, acid, and Tcettle men.— The kettlemen and acid men attend
to the separating of the acid from the sludge. The sludge is pumped
into a cooking kettle, water is added and then live steam turned into
the kettle. This cooking process brings the tar to the top and
causes the acid to settle at the bottom. The acid is pumped to a
concentrator and reduced. The retort men take the weak acid and
put it through a retort which, by fire and heat, reduces it to its
original strength.
Still inspectors.—After coke stills are cleaned, an inspector goes
into the still to see if it is ready to be refilled. He taps the bottom of
the still with a hammer to ascertain if any part of the bottom has
been overheated and burned.
Stillmen.— Control the operation of the stills. Watch each‘Stream
as it flows from the still and take the temperature and gravity each
hour. As correct gravity is reached they change the stream by open
ing a valve to the proper tank. They instruct the firemen as to
the heat required to keep the stream steady.
Stillmen*s assistants, chargers, and headers-up.— Stillmen’s assistants
watch the stills and condensers to see that no leakage occurs and watch
the quantity of oil in the stills. They may also act as chargers whose
duty it is to see that the proper quantity of oil is pumped into the
still before it is fired, and inspect plugs for leaks. Headers-up put
heads on manholes before the still is placed in service.
DESCRIPTION OF OCCUPATIONS AT REFINERIES.
19
Sweater men.— See to the keeping of proper temperatures in the
sweater while oil is being sweated from wax.
Testers.— Make pour tests and gravity tests of paraffin distillate
and pressed oil.
Testers’ assistants.— Help the testers in making pour and gravity
tests.
Treaters.— Treat oils with chemicals to improve the color and
remove impurities. When agitation of the oil is complete it is drawn
off into storage tanks.
Treaters’ heifers.— Assist the treater in his work. Their duties
are practically' the same, but the helper is less experienced.
Water purifiers.— Operate the water purifier, note condition of
water, and have purifier cleaned when necessary. Sometimes done
by water tenders.
Water tenders.—See that proper quantity of water is left in boilers
and open the necessary pumps. Sometimes act as water purifiers.
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING.
Branders and painters.— Branders with the use of stencil, pot, and
brush mark the names and weight of contents on the barrels, cases,
packages, and other containers of manufactured products. Painters
paint by hand or machine the barrels after they have been made or
repaired.
Fillers.— Operate the filling machines or fill by hand, barrels,
drums, cans, bottles, and other containers of the various products.
Inspectors.— Inspect the packages, crates, etc., before final ship
ment.
Nailers.— Nail tops on cases before shipment.
Packers.— Place the smaller packages or containers of various
kinds into cases or boxes for shipment.
Tank Car Loaders.— Those known as groundmen adjust valves on
tank cars before they are loaded, watch tor leaks, and place shipping
tags on cars. Those known as topmen work on the loading racks;
attach line on the swing; see that valves are open, and that car is
properly filled; cut off flow of oil; order pumpmen to shut off the
pumps; take samples of what goes into the car; and see that the car
is properly closed and sealed.
Testers.— Make minor tests to see that shipments are uniform in
grade.
Weighers.— Operate special scales for determining the number of
gallons of various products contained in the different packages, bar
rels, drums, cans, etc.
TRANSPORTATION—RAILROAD, MOTOR, AND TEAM.
Brakemen.—Apply brakes, throw switches, couple and uncouple
cars, and signal the engineer for car movements.
Chauffeurs.—Operate passenger automobiles and sometimes small
motor trucks, and tractors in use in the yards.
Conductors.—Conductors have charge of and are responsible for
the trains into and out of the yards and about the yards.
Engineers.— Operate the locomotives on the yard railroad.
Firemen.— Fire the locomotive engines.
20
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Teamsters and drivers.— Teamsters and drivers do the hauling by
team or motor trucks in the yards.
Trackmen.— Are engaged m the construction, maintenance, and
repair of tracks and sidings in the yards.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR.
Blacksmiths.— Do the anvil welding and repairing of iron and steel
requisites, sharpen tools, etc.
Boiler makers.— Construct and repair boilers, tanks, stills, smoke
stacks, etc., where heavy iron or steel is used.
Boiler makers' helpers.— Not skilled boiler makers but somewhat
experienced in the work of boiler making who assist the boiler makers
at their work.
Bricklayers and masons.— Do the brick and masonry work in con
nection with boiler setting, brick walls, foundations, caissons, etc.
Carpenters.— Do all construction and repairing of woodwork in
connection with buildings and tanks.
Coopers.— Make and repair barrels and kegs.
Crane operators.— Operate traveling or stationary cranes for hoist
ing heavy loads, either unloading cars or other similar heavy lifting
about the refinery.
Crane riggers.— Erect, maintain, and remove the cranes used in
heavy lifting and hoisting. Make fast the proper lines and see that
equipment is not overstrained.
Driving-machine operators.— Operate machines equipped with
fingers for tightening hoops on barrels.
Electricians.— Install, maintain, and repair the electrical wiring
and apparatus about the plant.
Helpers.— Helpers of the foregoing occupations are men not wholly
skilled in the operations, but who have some knowledge and who
assist the journeymen.
Laborers.— Do the common or unskilled labor about the plant,
sweeping up, hand trucking, etc.
Lead burners.—Line with sheet lead the agitators and other con
tainers where it is necessary to use lead to withstand the acid attack.
The burning is done with the use of either torch or soldering iron.
Machinists.— Operate lathes and planers, and do the bench
machine work on metal parts necessary in the manufacture and repair
of machinery and operate pipe-threading machines.
Painters.— Do the necessary painting about the plant to keep the
buildings in preservation.
Pipe jitters.— Install, repair, and reconstruct the pipe lines con
necting the loading racks, tanks, and stills for both oil and water.
Pipe jitters' helpers.— Have some knowledge of pipe fitting and
assist the journeymen in their work.
Property keepers.— Have charge and responsibility of the issuing
of tools, stock repairs, parts, etc., as required.
Tinsmiths.— Repair the sheet-metal work consisting of copper, tin,
zinc, galvanized iron, etc., excepting the heavier work which is done
by the boiler makers.
Welders (<electrical and acetylene).— Do the electrical and acetylene
welding operations necessary to construct and repair equipment,
boilers, engines, and other metal parts about the refinery.
DESCRIPTION OF OCCUPATIONS AT REFINERIES.
21
GUARDING, ETC.
Watchmen.— Stationed at the entrances to the plant to prevent
intrusion by others than employees and to guard against accident by
fire or other cause.
OTHER EMPLOYEES.
Assistant elevator tenders.— Assist in loading and unloading freight
elevators.
Assistant solderers.— Assist in sealing tin containers.
Assistant tank-car loaders.— Assist on the racks in loading the tank
cars with refined oil or other liquid products.
Boiler cleaners.— Clean the boilers and still tubes of scale.
Car inspectors.— Inspect the cars to see that they are in proper
condition and properly loaded and sealed and to make final tests of
their contents before shipment.
Clay dumpers.— Unload clay from cars received at the refinery.
Cleaners, barrel heads.— Clean the used barrel heads, and make the
barrels ready for stenciling and shipment.
Coal and coke dumpers.— Dump the coal and coke in front of the
boilers and stills.
Crude-oil valve men.— Operate the valves in the lines of crude
petroleum from the tanks to the stills.
Drum makers.—Make and repair the steel drums, containers of
about 50 gallons capacity, for shipment of the products.
Engine-room helpers.— Assist in the engine room, wheeling ashes,
sweeping, and other light work.
Firemen’s helpers.— Similar to engine-room helpers. Only re
quired where the fireman’s attention is continuously needed and re
quired before the fire box and at the water gauge.
Handymen.— Are employed in many different places, relieving
where short handed oi1 occupying their time at occupations where
there is not enough of one class to keep them occupied the entire day.
Inspectors, steel boiler plates.— Inspect the steel boiler plates for
flaws and blemishes and measurement before they are to be placed
in either boiler or steel tank.
Mixers, oil compounds (compounders).— Compound the different
grades and brands of oil, bringing them to a certain standard of fire
test and gravity.
Oil inspectors.— Test or inspect the oil after the compounder has
finished with it.
Paint-machine men.— Operate the paint machine used especially
for painting barrels and drums.
Painters, barrel heads.— Paint the barrel heads after they are filled
and sealed. Painters’ helpers assist the painters.
Pipe machinists.— Operate the pipe-threading machines used for
threading heavy pipe and also make up some pipe with fittings at
the bench.
Riggers’ helpers.— Assist the riggers in erecting and removing
cranes.
Sawmen.— Operate power saws used in the manufacture of barrels
and packing cases.
Storehouse helpers.— Assist the property keepers in the storehouse.
Utility men.— See handymen.
22
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
GENERAL TABLES.
All employees not included in any of the selected occupations of
one of the three industry subdivisions have been combined and
shown as “ Other employees” of the respective subdivisions.
In addition to the summary text tables, six general tables are pre
sented as follows:
Table A .—Average starts (days on which employees worked) , hours,
and earningsy and per cents that average starts are o f the total workdays
and that average hours actually worked are o f the average full-time hours
per pay-roll period, by occupations and number o f days in pay-roll
period, 1920.
In computing the per cent that the average number of starts (days)
made constitutes of the total number of days in the pay-roll period,
each day or part of a day worked was counted as a start, and if an
employee worked a double turn he was credited with two starts (days),
which explains why the per cent shown in certain cases is in excess of
100. The treating of these fractional parts of days as starts will
explain also why the per cents that average starts are of total workdays
varies materially from the per cents that average hours actually
worked are of the full-time hours in the pay-roll period.
The average earnings per hour for each length of pay period were
obtained by dividing the aggregate earnings of all employees in the
ieriod by the aggregate number of hours worked in the same period,
n computing the average earnings per hour of all employees in ah
occupation having pay periods o f different length it became neces
sary to weight the averages for the different length pay-roll periods
according to the number of employees covered in the respective pe
riods. This method of bringing the different length pay-roll periods
to a common denominator has been applied also in working out the
average hourly earnings in each of the several districts as shown in
Table D.
To give a clear understanding of Table A, the first line under
11wells ” will be explained.
The drillers working in the 54 establishments reporting this occu
pation had different lengths of pay period, running from a 13-day pe
riod to a full month pay period. Two establishments paid every 13
days; in these establishments there were 37 drillers employed. The
average number of starts made by the drillers within the 13-day
period was 12.5; indicating that some drillers fell short of working
on each day of the pay period. Collectively the drillers averaged
96.2 per cent of the 13 possible starts in the pay period.
The average full-time hours per week for drillers in these two es
tablishments were 58.4. The average full-time hours in the whole
13-day pay period were 126.5. Out of the 126.5 average full-time
hours of the pay period the drillers actually worked an average of
122.2 hours. Tne next column shows that these drillers worked 96.6
per cent of the full-time hours.
The average actual earnings in this 13-day period were $151.89.
This figure must not be assumed as possible full-time earnings, but
the earnings that were actually made within the time stated. The
average earnings per hour worked were $1,243.
f
GENERAL TABLES.
23
Some figures are fairly comparable as between the different lengths
of pay period; other figures are not comparable. The average num
ber of starts made naturally will increase according to the increased
length of the pay-roll period. This increase, however, can not be
expected to be directly proportional to the increased lengths of the pay
period, as a greater turnover of labor must be expected in the longer
pay period. Other factors, however, such as amount of work avail
able, are also important. The same limitation applies to the per
cent that average starts are of total workdays in the pay period.
The average full-time hours per week are strictly comparable
whatever the length of the pay period. The average full-time hours
of the pay period of course increased with the length of the pay
eriod, as did also average hours actually worked. The latter figure,
owever, is modified by the labor turnover within the pay period.
The average earnings per pay period will naturally increase with
the length of the pay period with a minor offset, however, due to
labor turnover. The average earnings per hour are strictly com
parable as between the different lengths of pay period.
It will be observed that the totals show only number of establish
ments, number of employees, average full-time hours per week,
and average earnings per hour.
E
Table B,— Cumulative per cent of employees working customary hours
per day, by occupations
This table presents
number of
establishments in whicl
x ^
ys, six days,
and five days per week, with the average hours per day and average
full-time hours per week of all employees in each of the groups. The
cumulative per cent of the employees working each specified number
of hours per day or less is also shown separately for the seven-day,
six-day, and five-day weeks. Taking “ Drillers” as an example: The
table shows that 46 establishments employed 2,380 men who worked'
or were scheduled to work, seven days per week. Of this 2,380, it
will be seen by reference to Table F (pages 122 to 153) that 819, or 34
per cent had an 8-hour day; that 14 worked 9 hours, which added to
the 819 made 833, or 35 per cent, who worked 9 hours per day or less;
there were 38 who worked 10 hours making 871, or 37 per cent who
worked 10 hours per day or less; while the remaining 1,509 worked
12 hours, accounting for the 100 per cent of the entire 2,380 who
worked 12 hours per day or less. The same method was followed with
the 195 men worldng six days per week. The number in this group
working 10 hours per day did not show a sufficient increase over the
number at 9 hours to change the per cent. B y deduction it is seen
that 79 per cent worked 12 hours per day. This table shows also
summary figures for each of the three industry subdivisions. The
figures for all employees at the wells (page 4) shows 43 per cent of
the seven-day workers having an 8-hour day and 73 per cent working
9 hours per day or less. Fifty per cent of the six-day workers have an
8-hour day. Like figures are shown for all employees on pipe lines
and in refineries. While the distribution takes into consideration a
possible short day during the week, the average hours per day in the
fifth column are based upon the full-time hours per week; in other
words, the average is obtained by dividing total hours per week by
days per week.
2 4
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Table C.—Average hours actually worked and average earnings Re
ceived by employees in each district, by occupations and work days in
pay-roll period, 1920.
This table affords a comparison, within each given pay period, of
the average hours and earnings in the various districts and in the
United States as a whole. Each district is indicated by the names of
the States included. As previously stated, there are only five dis
tricts for each, the wells and the pipe lines, while there are six for
refineries. The districts for wells and pipe lines are not identical in
every case.
Table D .—Average and classified earnings per hour, by occupations
and districts, 1920.
As indicated in the explanation of Table A, the average earnings
per hour in the occupation were first obtained for each pay period by
dividing the aggregate earnings in the pay period by the aggregate
hours worked in the period and then weighted according to the number
of employees in each period in arriving at the average for each dis
trict and for the United States as a whole. The table shows the dis
tribution of employees by hourly earnings for each district and for all
districts combined. The cumulative per cent of the distribution
was computed only for the United States as a whole. The explana
tion of the cumulative per cent in this table is much the same as that
made in connection with Table B. The distribution of the number
earning $1.50 and over per hour has been taken care of in the
footnotes.
Table E.—Average and specifiedfull-time hours per week, by occupa
tions, districts, and days per week, 1920.
This table presents separately for the employees working regularly
five days, six days, and seven days per week the average full-time
weekly hours and the distribution by full-time hours per week for
each district and for all districts combined. A cumulative per cent
is shown for the total of each occupation. Explanation of the cumu
lative per cent is given above.
Table F.— Employees classified by customary days per week and
hours per day, by occupations and districts, 1920.
This table presents for each district and for all districts combined
a distribution of employees working seven days, six days, and five
days per week, with each of these groups further subdivided so as to
show the number working each specified number of hours per day.
For comparative purposes average regular hours per day and per week
are also given. While the distribution takes into consideration a
ossible short-day during the week, the average hours per day are
ased on the full-time hours per week, as explained in connection
with Table B.
P
25
GENERAL TABLES.
T able A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H EM PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OURS, A N D E A R N IN G S, AN D PER CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E TO TAL W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U RS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E FU LL-TIM E H OU RS P E R
PAY -R O LL PER IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M BE R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O LL PER IO D , 1920.
Starts (days on
Hours actually
which employ Average full worked in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Occupation and number
of work-days in pay
roll period.
Average earn
ings.
Num Num
ber of ber of
Per cent
Per cent
estab em
average
average
lish ploy Aver number
Per Aver hours In pay
ments. ees.
Per
worked
age
pay
age ofstarts Per
roll
hour.
num
week. roll
is of
num
is of
period.
period. ber. average
total
ber.
fuJ1-time
work
hours.
days.
WELLS.
Derrick men:
15 days.........................
11
891
12.8
85.3
56.6
121.3
103.5
85.3
$78.21
$0.752
Drillers:
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 days...........
31 days.........................
2
34
7
17
1
37
2,066
158
309
5
12.5
12.9
20.9
19.9
18.2
96.2
86.0
80.4
66.3
58.7
58.4
72.6
70.6
83.6
84.0
126.5
155.5
305.7
358.4
372.0
122.2
132.4
245.9
237.5
218.4
96.6
85.1
80.4
66.3
58.7
151.89
150.47
237.73
293.80
254. 80
1.243
1.137
.967
1.237
1.167
Total............
54
2,575
Drilled
helpers and
clean-out helpers:
13 days..........
15 days..................
26 days.........................
30 days___ __
7
18
9
5
82
2,303
271
75 ;
Total........................
Firemen:
13 days.........................
15 davs..............
26 days.........................
30 days.....................
32
2,731
3
23
2
7
30
1,057
11
30
Total.....................
Gaugers:
13 days..............
15 days.........................
26 days..........................
30 days.........................
29
1,128
1
17
1
4
1
101
15
6
Total.........................
21
123
Laborers, roustabouts,
and connection men:
13 days.........................
15 days..........
26 days.........................
30 days..................
18
28
17
9
1,310
6,616
3,076
911
Total.........................
12.2
11.7
22.5
25.7
9318
78.0
86.5
85.7
6
37
10
19
297
4,880
1,150
875
Total.........................
57
7,202
Rig builders:
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 davs..................
4
9
5
2
65
166
296
5
Total.........................
19
432
54.8
60.0
53.7
76.6
1.140
118.7
128.6
232.6
328.4
110.9
100.9
202.9
281.2
93.4
78.5
87.2
85.6
92.62
69.14
137.33
138.81
59.7
10.5
13.1
24.1
25.4
80.8
87.3
92.7
84.7
49.4
57.4
48.5
79.8
13.0
14.2
26.0
27.7
100.0
94.7
100.0
92.3
48.0
63.2
48.0
65.3
107.1
125.0
210.4
342.0
86.5
109.3
195.1
288.7
80.8
87.4
92.7
84.4
57.85
71.77
132.20
124.58
80.0
76.7
56.9
71.7
53.9
61.1
49.7
65.4
104.0
135.4
208.0
280.0
104.0
128.7
208.0
259.0
100.0
95.1
100.0
92.5
72.50
84.32
148.67
144.17
97.7
96.0
95.8
94.3
50.8
64.1
53.3
69.7
116.7
131.0
215.2
280.5
92.8
100.8
123.8
201.6
79.5
76.9
57.5
71.9
54.67
59.08
76.65
103.13
96.2
69.3
75.8
59.3
50.6
64.7
48.2
68.6
55.2
.589
.586
.619
.511
.589
110.1
137.3
231.0
298.7
107.5
131.3
221.8
282.0
97.6
95.6
96.0
94.4
71.07
76.20
141.81
137.62
62.5 1...........
1...........
12.5
10.4
19.7
17.8
.697
.655
.715
.557
.658
57.7
12.7
14.4
24.9
28.3
.669
.656
.678
.432
.651
61.3
10.4
11.5
14.8
21.5
.835
.685
.677
.494
.683
57.7
56 11,913
Pumpers and engineers:
13 days.........................
15 days.. : ...................
26 days...........
30 days.........................
73.6
109.6
138.7
209.1
294.0
.661
.580
.639
.488
.582
106.3
94.6
157.6
174.8
97.0
68.2
75.4
59.5
127.92
84.64
135.13
92.00
1.203
.894
.857
.526
.919
26
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e A . — A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H EM P LO YE E S W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, AN D E A R N IN G S, A N D P ER CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STA R TS
A R E OF T H E TO TA L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H O U RS P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M BE R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
which employ Average full Hours actually Average earn
ees worked) in time hours. worked in pay
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num jnum
Occupation and number ber of ber of
Per cent
Per cent
of workdays in pay estab em
average
lish ploy Aver average
roll period.
number
Per Aver hours
ments. ees.
age of starts Per
age
worked In pay Per
roll
num
week. *rcJl num
is of
is of
hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
days.
hours.
W E L L S —Continued.
Teamsters:
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 days.........................
3
17
8
5
36
390
28
44
Total.........................
30
498
Tool dressers:
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 days.........................
31 days.........................
2
29
7
15
1
38
1,346
171
334
5
Total.........................
49
1,894
Truck drivers:
13 days..........................
15 days..........................
26 days..........................
30 days..........................
10
23
7
5
144
468
115
66
Total.........................
38
793
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
13 days..................
15 days..................
26 days..................
30 days..................
18
21
9
5
231
593
110
53
Total..........................
38
987
Machinists—
13 days..................
15 days..................
26 days..................
30 days..................
10
15
3
3
136
111
21
6
Total..................
25
274
Other mechanics—
13 days..................
15 days..................
26 days..................
30 days..................
14
23
9
5
424
573
138
63
Total........ ...............
36
1,198
Mechanics’ helpers:
13 days..........................
15 days..........................
26 days..........................
30 days.........................
11
16
5
5
201
307
22
14
Total.........................
29
544
13.4
13.3
25.8
26.9
12.3
12.3
18.6
18.7
17.4
103.1
88.7
99.2
89.7
54.3
59.4
60.2
67.0
______
59.8
94.6
82.0
71.5
62.3
56.1
76.7
78.3
71.0
83.9
84.0
117.7
127.3
260.9
287.0
123.3
113.0
258.9
257.3
104.8
88.8
99.2
89.7
$73.45
67.22
136.90
127.79
.583
_____
126.2
167.7
307.6
359.6
372.0
119.7
135.9
219.6
224.6
208.8
94.8
81.0
71.4
62.5
56.1
137.11
123.43
178.69
241.33
226.20
78.6
12.8
13.7
22.5
27.1
98.5
91.3
86.5
90.3
84.6
76.7
70.0
53.7
51.6
62.7
53.5
65.0
111.8
134.4
232.0
278.6
114.4
125.2
201.1
252.3
102.3
93.2
86.7
90.6
76.59
78.98
130.10
136.40
93.1
88.0
88.8
100.0
49.4
61.0
50.3
65.8
107.1
130.8
217.9
281.9
90.7
98.6
150.9
145.9
84.7
75.4
69.3
51.8
93.10
75.64
116.23
111. 82
94.6
88.7
82.7
82.3
49.9
62.1
54.6
65.3
108.4
133.1
236.8
280.0
101.1
119.0
208.9
280.0
93.3
89.4
88.2
100.0
51.1
60.6
51.2
66.0
110.7
129.8
222.0
282.9
105.3
116.5
184.4
230.2
95.1
89.8
83.1
81.4
99.97
97.12
154.48
156.67
.989
.816
.739
.560
____
.890
92.28
90.75
125.24
133.70
.876
.779
.679
.581
56.4
11.9
12.3
21.5
16.7
91.5
82.0
82.7
55.7
.791
49.5
59.7
51.5
68.0
55.9
1.026
.767
.770
.766
.828
55.6
12.3
13.3
21.5
24.7
.670
.631
.647
.541
.633
57.4
12.1
13.2
23.1
30.0
1.146
.908
.814
1.075
1.083
.934
59.6
11.0
11.5
18.2
16.1
$0,596
.595
.529
.497
107.4
128.0
223.4
291.4
I
99.7
106.2
184.5
162.4
92.8
83.0
82.6
55.7
72.10
70.12
116.78
88.87
.723
.660
.633
.547
.679
GENERAL TABLES.
T
2 7
A ___ A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, A N D E A R N IN G S , AN D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E ST A R TS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H OU RS P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , 1920— Continued.
able
Starts (days on
actually
which employ Average full Hours
earn
worked in pay Average
ees worked) m
ings.
time hours.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num Num
ber of ber of
Occupation and number estab
em
of workdays in pay lish— ploy
roll period.
ments. ees. Aver
age
num
ber.
Per cent
Per cent
average
average
number
Per Aver hours In pay
worked
Per
age
ofstarts Per
roll
week. Pra
oTi num
is of
is of
period. hour.
total
period. ber. average
work
full-time
hours.
days.
W KI.I.H— Concluded.
Other employees:
13 days..........................
15 days..........................
26 days..........................
30 days..........................
13
34
12
10
226
1,261
397
188
Total.........................
48
2,072
11.7
13.6
20.7
27.5
90.0
90.7
79.6
91.7
52.4
65.1
52.2
72.1
113.5
139.5
226.2
308.9
104.3
124.2
183.8
283.1
91.9
89.0
81.3
91.6
$83.15
76.64
141.31
164.94
61.9
$0,798
.617
.769
.583
.663
PIPE LINES.
Engineers and pumpers:
7 days...........................
13 days..........................
15 yards........................
26 days..........................
30 days,........................
2
3
33
1
4
37
99
1,498
31
69
Total.........................
Firemen:
7 days...........................
13 days..........................
15 days..........................
26 days..........................
3 0 days..........................
40
1,734
1
1
26
1
4
54
88
843
3
86
Total.........................
Gaugers—delivery m en
and oil receivers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
13 days..........................
15 days..........................
26 days..........................
30 days..........................
32
1,074
1
2
6
31
1
3
4
15
317
826
119
22
Total.........................
Laborers,
roustabouts,
etc.:
6 days...........................
12 days..........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days........................
30 days.........................
39
1,303
4
1
24
1
16
4
1
540
3.9
152
7.6
i 9.0
9,165
23
5.6
1,013 2 11.0
280
12.0
1
22.0
Total.........................
Linemen:
13 days..........................
15 days.........................
26 days..........................
40 11,174
Total.........................
9
11
4
80
141
16
22
237
6.9
12.9
14.4
19.9
29.0
98.6
99.2
96.0
76.5
96.7
57.9
48.4
57.8
60.0
56.0
57.9
104.8
117.1
260.0
240.0
58.3
103.8
119.5
198.7
233.9
100.7
99.0
102.0
76.4
97.5
$41.07
103.58
87.82
138.16
175.58
56.0
104.0
120.9
260.0
240.0
54.8
99.8
114.5
116.7
210.0
97.9
96.0
94.7
44.9
87.5
35.49
92.18
78.42
74.90
139. 95
57.2
6.9
12.5
14.2
11.7
26.0
98.6
96.2
94.7
45.0
86.7
56.0
48.0
56.4
60.0
56.0
.749
55.7
6.0
6.9
12.6
14.2
22.5
30.0
100.0
98.6
96.9
94.7
86.5
100.0
60.0
58.3
55.6
59.8
60.0
56.0
65.0
63.3
1 69.2
40.0
2 73.5
46.2
73.3
53.6
48.0
53.9
56.0
61.9
60.0
56.0
60.0
58.3
121.8
128.1
260.0
240.0
100.0
98.3
96.1
95.1
86.4
100.0
47. 84
39.42
109.63
86.68
180.13
173.86
83.8
90.0
93.5
52.2
63.6
60.0
............... j .....................
59.5
.797
.688
.937
.712
.802
.724
.775
53.6
96.0
116.7
112.0
132.7
260.0
240.0
35.5
58.1
82.3
41.7
96.2
119.7
172.5
66.2
60.5
70.5
37.2
72.5
46.0
71.9
15.48
23.22
43.59
28.70
56.26
58.70
98.33
.436
.400
.530
.688
.585
.490
.570
.528
113.1
136.4
260.0
1 Not including starts of 59 employees; number of starts not reported.
2 Not including starts of 653 employees; number of starts not reported.
60.0
57.3
117.0
121.8
224.7
240.0,
54.7
10.9
13. 5
24.3
.647
.923
.685
.642
.667
.701
58.9
____
$0,704
.998
.735
.695
.751
95.4
124.7
242.5
84.4
91.4
93.3
67.98
78.11
154.63
.713
.626
.638
.656
2 8
WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e A .— A V E R A G E STA R TS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M P LO YE E S W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, A N D E A R N IN G S, AN D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E H OU RS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E O F T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H OU RS P E R
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
1
Starts (days on
Hours actually
which employ Average full worked m pay Average earn
ees worked) m time hours.
roll period.
ings.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of work days in pay estab
lish
roll period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Per
Aver
hours
pay Per
ees.
age of starts Per pay age worked Inroll
num
is of week. roll num
is of period. hour.
period. ber. average
ber.
total
work
full-time
days.
hours, j
1
PIPE LINES—Continued.
Line walkers:
7 dayfe...........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 days.........................
2
5
28
1
3 j
18
25
490
3
19
Total.........................
39 |
555
Oilers:
13 days.........................
15 days..........................
1
11
71
225
Total..........................
12
298
Teamsters:
6 davs...........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
1
7
6
1
3
105
21
3
Total.........................
14
132
Telegraph operators:
7 davs...........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 days.........................
1
1
21
1
4
32
13
557
5
35
Total.........................
27
642
Truck drivers:
6 days...........................
13 days.........................
15 days..........................
1
12
13
1
161
101
Total.........................
24
263
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
6 days....................
13 days..................
15 days..................
26 days..................
30 days..................
1
19
11
1
1
1
368
56
1
1
Total..................
29
427
Machinists—
7 days....................
13 days...............
15 days..................
26 days..................
1
11
11
2
5
121
43
4
Total..................
24
173
6.8
12.3
13.8
22.3*
27.6
97.1
94.6
92.0
85.8
92.0
59.1
52.6
63.1
60.0
62.6
59.1
113.9
135.3
260.0
268.4
56.9
107.5
124.5
223.3
244.7
96.3
94.4
92.0
85.9
91.2
17
74.05
72.17
130.00
134.21
m .
62.5
13.8
13.4
106.2
89.3
48.0
56.0
. 584
104.0
120.0
110.6
108.0
106.3
90.0
102.73
69.30
54.1
2.0
4.9
12.3
10.7
7.0
13.1
13.8
18.2
29.1
1.0
12.0
12.4
33.3
37.7
82.0
41.2
60.0
59.0
65.3
60. a
__ * ........
60.1
100.0
100.8
92.0
70.0
97.0
56.0
48.0
56.1
60.0
56.0
...............
56.0
16.7
92.3
82.7
60.0
53.7
62.4
6.0
12.4
13.8
28.0
33.3
77.7
66.0
100.0
30.0
60.0
56.1
58.1
60.0
56.0
_____
56.4
85.7
95.4
92.0
107.7
56.0
53.7
58.0
60.0
54.9
.928
.642
.711
60.0
127.9
140.0
260.0
17.0
46.2
115.2 ,
106.5
28.336.1
82.3
41.0-
8.05
24.74
64.44
53.25
.474
.535
.559
.500
.537
56.0
104.0
120.2
260.0
240.0
56.2
104.4
113.2
182.0
233.3
100.4
100.4
94.2
70.0
97.2
36.75
100.40
75.98
116.78
158.03
.654
.962
.671
.642
.677
.676
60.0
116.3
133.8
5.0
107.5
110.6
8.3
92.4
82.7
2.50
70.48
66.53
57.1
2.0
10.1
9.9
26.0
9.0
$0.583
.689
.580
.582
.548
.500
. 656
.602
.635
60.0
121.6
124.6
260.0
240.0
20.0
98.0
81.5
260.0
72.0
33.3
76.5
65.4
100.0
30.0
16.00
78.44
75.79
164.67
49.50
.800
.843
.929
.633
. C88
.853
56.0
116.2
124.2
260.0
48.0
111.0
118.7
250.0
85.7
95.5
95.6
96; 2
39.00
93. 77
100. 50
190,00
.813
.845
.846
.760
.842
GENERAL TABLES.
2 9
T able A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, A N D E A R N IN G S, AN D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E T O TA L W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H OURS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H OU RS P E R
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P ER IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
actually Average earn
which employ Average full Hours
m pay
ees worked) in time hours. worked
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
lish
period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Per
Aver
hours
ees.
pay Per
age ofstarts Per pay
age worked Inroll
num
is of week. roll num
is of period. hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average
work
full-time
hours.
days.
PIPE LINES—Concluded.
Mechanics—Concluded.
Other mechanics—
7 days....................
13 days..................
15 days..................
26 days..................
30 days..................
Total___
Mechanics’ helpers:
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
1
17
17
1
1
1
583
202
141
3
30
930
13
7
196
40
18
236
Other employees:
6 days...........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
26 days.........................
30 days.........................
1
12
21
1
2
9
170
244
30
14
Total.........................
29
467
Total................... ; . .
7.0
10.4
13.2
10.4
30.0
100.0
80.0
88.0
40.0
100.0
56.0
53.1
58.4
60.0
56.0
56.0
115.0
125.1
260.0
240.0
56.0
93.8
110.7
103.5
240.0
100.0
81.6
88.5
39.8
100.0
$47.84
73.58
79.90
52.49
185.00
$0.854
.785
.722
.507
.771
55.3
11.0
12.7
84.6
84.7
52.9
56.7
.72ft
114.6
121.5
97.0
105 0
84.6
86.4
68.02
79.44
.701
.757
.710
53.5
6.7
11.4
13.5
12.5
28.4
111.7
87.7
90.0
48.1
94.7
60.0
52.3
61.0
60.0
58.0
60.0
113.4
130.8
260.0
248.6
66.7
100.0
118.7
124.7
235.7
111.2
88.2
90.7
48.0
94.8
34.50
79.45
74.97
87.67
137.07
.518
.794
.632
.703
.581
57.7
.692
REFINERIES.
REFINING.
Clay roasters:
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
5
4
4
14
2
16
4
17
60
48
105.0
102.3
95.7
91.3
96.9
49.1
48.0
59.3
56.5
56.0
145 ______ 1_________
55.6
48.0
56.0
48.0
66.0
56.0
59.9
Total........................
26
Coal passers and ashmen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days......................
1
3
3
1
1
4
3
37
255
20
84
262
Total.....................
11
661
5
6
4
5
5
26
1 !
45 1
28
49
48
19
68
216
4
432
Engineers and chillermen:
6 days.......................
7 days.......................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
16 days......................
Total.....................
70312'
-22— Bull. 297-
12.6
13.3
13.4
13.7
15.5
6.7
6.0
9.4
11.5
13.0
9.6
111.7
85.7
78.3
88.5
92.9
64.0
98.2
104.0
118.6
121.0
128.0
104.2
112.0
113.2
111.5
124.2
106.1
107.7
95.4
92.1
97.0
3
101.7
97.1
100.0
100.8
97.1
96.7
89.4
48.4
56.0
48.0
51.4
58.4
57.1
56.0
55.3
$0.864
.863
.638
.692
.591
!
48.0
56.0
96.0
143.0
112.0
128.4
54.8
49.3
87.5
114.8
107.6
79.4
114.2
88.0
91.1
80.3
96.1
61.8
............... 1 54.7
6.1
6.8
12.0
13.1
13.6
14.5
14.3
$90.02
96.63
72.16
77.13
73.34
35.70
30.14
53.17
69.28
62.15
51.32
. 676
.651
.612
.608
.603
.577
.647
.620
48.4
56.0
96.0
111.4
116.8
122.3
128.0
51.1
55.1
97.5
113.0
116.3
119.4
114.0
105.6
98.4
101.6
101.4
99.6
97.6
89.1
.844
43.11
43.02
.781
1.039
101.31
98. 42
.871
.784
91.17
91.67
.768
80.66 | .708
........... | .311
30
W A G E S A N D H O U R S OP LABOR I N P E T R O L E U M IN D U S T R Y .
T a b l e A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H EM PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H O U R S, AN D EA R N IN G S, A N D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E TO TAL W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H OU RS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U L L -T IM E H O U R S PER
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
which employ Average full Hours actually Average earn
ees worked) in time hours. worked m pay
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
N rhi
Occupation and number ber of ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab em
lish ploy
period.
ments. ees. Aver
age
num
ber.
Per cent
Per cent
average
average
number
Per Aver hours
ofstarts Per
age
worked In pay Per
pay
roll
week. roll
is of
num
is of
hour.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
days.
hours.
REFINERIES—Continued
Filterers:
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
3
1
12
2
10
16
38
20
Total.........................
18
84
Firemen and assistant
engineers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
30 days.........................
4
9
4
6
4
54
2
1
139
361
806
264
. 421
1,524
14
3
Total.........................
80
3,532
Gaugers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
30 days.........................
3
4
3
6
37
1
10
12
20
12
178
2
Total.........................
52
234
Molders:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
1
2
3
2
7
11
25
41
9
64
Total.........................
14
150
Molders (female):
13 days.........................
Oilers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
Total
12.4
13.6
14.1
16.6
103.3
97.1
94.0
103.8
96.0
112.0
125.1
128.0
99.6
113.1
120.5
131.6
103.8 $100.60
101.0
72.84
96.3
80.79
102.8
85.41
56.1
6.1
6.7
11.8
12.5
13.3
13.7
15.6
29.7
101.7
95.7
98.3
96.2
95.0
91.3
97.5
99.0
48.0
56.2
48.0
49.3
56.2
56.6
56.0
56.0
7.3
6.7
12.5
12.0
14.3
30.0
121.7
95.7
104.2
92.3
95.3
100.0
50.0
56.0
48.0
49.5
56.7
56.0
48.0
56.2
96.0
106.9
112.4
121.2
128.0
240.0
48.7
101.5
54.1
96.3
94.0
97.9
103.3
96.6
109.4 • 97.3
111.0
91.6
125.1
97.7
240.0
100.0
38.21
37.25
85.96
82.33
71.95
78.49
75.68
159.78
93.3
94.3
98.3
94.6
88.7
48.0
56.0
48.2
48.0
56.0
.784
.689
.915
.797
.658
.707
.605
.666
.756
50.0
56.0
96.0
107.3
121.4
240.0
59.8
56.1
104.0
103.1
117.1
240.0
119.6
100.2
108.3
96.1
96.5
100.0
38.62
33.47
96.60
69.50
78.86
167.50
55.2
5.6
6.6
11.8
12.3
13.3
$1,010
.644
.670
.649
.701
53.6
.646
.596
.929
.674
.674
.698
.691
48.0
56.0
96.4
115.1
120.0
48.2
52.0
95.5
110.6
106.9
100.4
92.9
99.1
96.1
89.1
31.45
37.86
76.04
81.06
74.28
52.8
.653
.728
.796
.733
.695
.727
2
8
12.0
92.3
52.5
113.8
103.9
91.3
62.95
.606
1
2
2
3
2
3
4
19
23
5
6.0
7.0
11.7
13.7
14.6
100.0
100.0
97.5
97.9
97.3
48.0
56.0
48.3
55.8
57.4
48.0
56.0
96.6
111.6
123.0
48.0
56.0
95.9
113.5
120.8
100.0
100.0
99.3
101.7
98.2
36.29
40.66
83.87
78.51
70.47
.756
.726
.874
.692
.583
.....................
9
54
Pressmen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
3
2
3
4
19
1
12
20
127
54
168
3
Total.........................
31
384 ........... ................
48.0
56.0
58.4
56.0
52.9
6.0
6.5
11.7
12.6
13.4
16.0
100.0
92.9
97.5
90.0
89.3
100.0
1
48.0
56.0
48.0
57.9
56.2
56.0
53.4
.752
48.0
56.0
96.0
115.8
120.4
128.0
48.4
51.6
93.3
96.5
108.3
128.0
100.8
92.1
97.2
83.3
90.0
100.0
36.76
38.32
82.15
75.17
80.17
80.00
.760
.743
.881
.779
.740
.625
............. ]
.792
31
GENERAL TABLES.
T a b l e A .— A V E R A G E ST A R T S (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, A N D E A R N IN G S , A N D P ER CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E T O T A L W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H OURS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H OU RS P ER
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P ER IO D , 1920— Continued.
1
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num Num
Occupation and number ber of ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab em
lish ploy
period.
Aver
ments. ees.
age
num
ber.
Per cent
Ter cent
average
average
number
Per Aver hours
worked In pay Per
age
of starts Per
pay
roll
week. roll
num
is of
is of
hour.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
hours.
days.
REFINERIES —Continued.
Press runners:
14 days.........................
3
1
11
8
Total.........................
4
19
Pumpmen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days..................... ..
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
30 days.........................
5
6
5
7
4
48
3
1
38
97
251
98
141
449
10
3
Total.........................
70
1,087
Pumpmen's helpers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
3
3
4
5
3
16
1
11
25
85
25
133
166
2
Total.........................
29
447
Repairmen:
6 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
2
4
2
1
2
4
19
9
1
3
Total.........................
11
36
Retort, acid, and kettle
men:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
2
2
2
3
6
7
17
7
11
43
Total.........................
14
85
Still inspectors:
7 days............................
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
1
1
3
2
2
4
13
6
Total.........................
6
25
6.7
12.9
95.7
92.1
56.0
56.0
56.0
112.0
56.0
108.5
100.0
96.9
$39.02
74.24
.692
56.0
6.1
6.7
12.4
12.7
13.1
14.2
16.3
30.0
101.7
95.7
103.3
97.7
93.6
94.7
101.9
100.0
48.3
56.0
48.5
48.3
56.4
56.5
56.0
56.0
48.3
56.0
97.0
104.7
112.8
121.0
128.0
240.0
52.7
55.0
101.9
102.6
111.6
116, 4
130.4
240.0
109.1
98.2
105.1
98.0
98.9
96.2
101.9
100.0
41.85
38.72
94.20
94.03
77.42
85. 70
85.86
160.00
53.6
5.9
6.7
11.9
12.8
13.1
13.7
15.0
98.3
95.7
99.2
98.5
93.6
91.3
93.8
48.0
56.0
48. 5
48.5
55.6
56.3
56.0
108.3
100.0
76.9
100.0
98.0
48.0
48.1
48.0
54.7
56.0
48.0
56.0
97.0
105.0
111.2
120.7
128.0
47.7
54.9
97.1
102.9
109.6
111. 6
119.0
99.4
98.0
100.1
98.0
98.6
92.5
93.0
34.75
40.93
86.62
88. 35
69.16
83.48
70.66
95.0
98.6
100.0
103.6
92.0
48.0
56.0
51.4
55.6
56.0
48.0
96.2
104.0
109.4
120.0
52.2
95.9
83.0
126. 5
118.0
108. 8
99.7
79.8
115.6
98.3
39. 51
82.79
52.18
94.62
75.73
100.0
100.0
95.7
98.7
56.0
48.0
58.2
56.0
55.8
.757
.863
.629
.748
.642
.771
48.0
56.0
102.8
111.2
120.0
45.0
55.3
105.8
117.5
109.7
93.8
98.8
102.9
105.7
91.4
30.65
36.56
97.12
80.86
96.48
.681
.661
.918
.688
.879
.798
54.9
7.0
12.0
13.4
14.8
.729
.746
.892
.859
.631
.748
.594
.746
48.9
5.7
6.9
12.0
14.5
13.8
.794
.704
.925
.917
.694
.736
.658
.667
.789
54.0
6.5
12.0
10.0
14.0
14.7
$0,697
.684
56.0
96.0
116.4
120.0
56.0
96.0
113.2
118.7
____
100.0
100.0
97.3
98.9
52.08
99.96
115. 33
99.30
.930
1.041
1.019
.837
.972
32 -
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, A N D E A R N IN G S, A N D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H O U RS P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num Num
Occupation and number ber of ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab em
lish ploy Aver
period.
ments. ees.
age
num
ber.
Average earn
ings.
Per cent
Per cent
average
average
number
Per Aver hours
pay
worked In pay Per
of starts Per
age
roll
week. roll
num
is of
is of
hour.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
days.
hours.
REFINERIES —Continued.
Stillmen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days..........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days..........................
30 days..........................
3
8
3
5
4
54
2
2
29
121
222
91
87
637
9
9
Total.........................
80
1,205
Stillmen’s a s s i s t a n t s ,
chargers, and headersup:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days..........................
13 days..........................
14 days.........................
15 days..........................
2
6
4
4
3
41
24
71
249
133
142
725
Total.........................
59
1,344
Sweatennen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days..........................
16 days..........................
2
3
3
2
1
16
1
6
12
33
7
6
56
3
Total.........................
26
123
Testers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
30 days.........................
2
2
2
7
1
18
1
8
6
12
38
14
60
1
6.4
6.8
11.9
13.1
13.7
14.2
17.4
30.0
106.7
97.1
99.2
100.8
97.9
94.7
108.8
100.0
48.0
56.7
4a 0
47.7
56.2
56.7
56.0
56.0
4a 0
56.7
96.0
103.4
112.4
121.6
128.0
240.0
100.0
96.1
96.7
97.7
95.7
92.7
4a 0
56.6
48.0
4a 0
56.2
56.0
106.3
98.4
98.9
m 3
100.3
95.0
ioao
100.0
$50. 47
46. 94
108.46
103.61
88.13
96.94
99.89
244.44
1
54.2
6.0
67.3
11.6
12.7
13.4
13.9
51.0
55.8
94.9
106.8
112.7
115.5
138.2
240.0
48.0
56.6
96.0
104.0
112.4
120.0
.905
47.5
54.6
92.7
101.3
111.4
111.4
99.0
96.5
96.6
97.4
99.1
92.8
41.58
40.00
88.29
88.04
78.08
84.31
53.6
5.5
6.9
12.0
13.4
12.5
14.1
16.0
91.7
98.6
100.0
103.1
89.3
94.0
100.0
48.0
56.0
48.0
51.4
56.0
56.6
56.0
100.0
100.0
99.2
93.8
93.6
94.7
100.0
48.0
56.0
49.1
48.0
56.0
56.1
63.0
.876
.732
.952
.869
.701
.757
.799
4a 0
56.0
96.0
111.4
112.0
121.3
128.0
44.7
55.7
96.2
116.6
116.3
117.8
128.0
93.1
99.5
100.2
104.7
103.8
97.1
100.0
37.77
40.09
92.67
95.49
81.47
88.19
72.00
.845
.720
.964
.819
.700
.749
.563
.806
53.5
6.0
7.0
11.9
12.2
13.1
14.2
30.0
$0,990
.842
1.143
.970
.782
.839
.723
1.019
48.0
56.0
98.2
104.0
112.0
120.3
270.0
48.0
56.0
98.9
98.2
110.3
115.0
270.0
100.0
100.0
100.7
94.4
98.5
95.6
100.0
27.44
29.93
53. 57
65. 08
67. 33
69. 77
265.00
.572
.535
.542
.663
.610
.607
.981
.615
52.9
Total.........................
28
139
Testers (female):
12 days.........................
1
5
11.8
98.3
49.0
98.0
92.8
94.7
51.96
.560
Testers’ assistants:
6 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
1
1
1
6
1
8
100.0
98.3
89.2
86. 7
48.0
49.0
48.0
56.0
48.0
98.0
104.0
120.0
48.0
99.9
90.4
105.2
100.0
101.9
86.9
87.7
41. 50
40. 94
46. 07
67.15
.865
.409
.510
21
6.0
11.8
11.6
13.0
9
35
Total.
5
53.0
.638
.574
general
3a
tables.
T able A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M P L O Y E E S W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, AN D E A R N IN G S, A N D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STA R TS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
lish
period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Percent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Per
Aver
hours
ees.
pay Per
age of starts Per pay
age worked Inroll
num
is of week. roll num
is of period. hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average
work
full-time
days.
hours.
REFINERIES—Continued.
Treaters:
7 davs........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days.....................
16 days......................
30 day*......................
6
4
6
9
1
48
1
1
17
13
24
17
16
144
3
1
Total......................
73
235
Treaters’ helpers:
6 days........................
7 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
2
3
4
6
22
7
10
31
21
122
Total......................
36
191
Water purifiers:
12 davs......................
14 davs......................
15 days......................
1
1
4
5
6
13
Total......................
6
24
Water tenders:
6 days................'.......
7 davs........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
1
3
2
3
2
17
8
36
72
55
42
80
Total......................
28
293
Branders and painters:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 davs......................
2
5
8
6
54
36
6.1
6.6
12.4
13.1
13.1
14.6
16.0
30.0
101.7
94.3
103.3
100.8
93.6
97.3
100.0
100.0
48.8
60.3
49.8
49.8
56.0
57.1
56.0
63.0
48.8
60.3
99.6
107.8
112.0
122.4
128.0
270.0
50.3
56.2
102.8
108.9
110.5
121.1
128.0
270.0
103.1 $44.86 $0,892
.792
93.2 44.49
103.2 106.08 1.032
101.0 98.52
.905
98.7 78.87
.714
.802
98.9 97.11
100.0 84.00
. 656
100.0 200.00
.741
.831
55.3
6.1
6.7
12.0
13.2
14.0
101.7
95.7
100.0
101.5
93.3
52.3
56.0
48.4
49.4
56.6
52.3 53.2
56.0 57.1
96.8 96.9
107.1 109.2
121.2 114.7
101.7
102.0
100.1
102.0
94.6
31.89
39.21
92.64
92.45
80.91
.757
54.3
11.2
13.7
15.0
93.3
97.9
100.0
48.0 96.0 88.2
56.0 112.0 112.0
56.0 120.0 121.1
91.9
100.0
100.9
72.27
75.80
79.48
100.0
97.1
99.2
100.8
95.7
96.0
.819
.677
.656
.695
54.3
6.0
6.8
11.9
13.1
13.4
14.4
.599
.687
.956
.847
.706
48.0 48.0 48.0
56.0 56.0 54.8
48.0 96.0 94.2
48.0 104.0 104.9
55.9 111.8 109.1
57.6 123.4 119.9
100.0 47.25
97.9 44.26
98.1 97.60
100.9 104.31
97.6 78.07
97.2 88.76
.984
.808
1.036
.995
.715
.741
.872
52.7
FILLING, PACKING, AND
SHIPPING.
6.5
11.4
12.1
108.3
95.0
93.1
49.3
48.6
48.0
49.3
97.2
104.0
57.2
97.4
95.6
116.0
100.2
91.9
35.26
67.88
62.31
.616
.697
.652
Total......................
15
96
Branders and painters
(female):
12 days......................
1
1
12.0
100.0
49.0
97.5
99.5
51.45
.528
Fillers:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 davs......................
15 days......................
7
6
17
4
28
63
132
15
6.1
12.1
11.9
12.1
101.7
100.8
91.5
80.7
48.3 48.3 50.1
48.7 97.4 103.3
48.7 105.5 97.5
57.4 123.0 101.5
103.7
106.1
92.4
82.5
29.21
.68.58
64.83
68.12
.583
.664
.665
.671
Total......................
33
238
48.4
49.2
.675
98.0
............... I................
1..........
.655
34
WAGES AND HOUKS O F LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able A .— A V E R A G E STA R TS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M P LO YE E S W O R K E D ),
H O U R S, A N D E A R N IN G S, A N D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STA R TS
A R E OF T H E T O T A L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
*jV
Tum
n
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
lish
period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Per
Aver
hours
ees.
pay Per
age of starts Per pay
age worked Inroll
num
is of week. roll num
is of period. hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average
work
full-time
days.
hours.
REFINERIES—Continued.
FILING, PACKING, AND
s h ip p in g — c o n t d .
F il le r s ( f e m a l e ) :
13 d a y s ................................
1
52
12.0
92.3
44.0
96.0
89.6
d a y s ................................
15 d a y s ................................
16 d a y s ................................
30 d a y s ................................
5
4
11
13
3
1
1
13
17
27
4
1
1
5.6
12.2
12.8
12.5
16.0
30.0
93.3
101.7
98.5
83.3
100.0
100.0
48.8
48.8
49.6
56.0
56.0
63.0
48.8
97.6
107.4
120.0
128.0
270.0
45.9
107.2
104.6
99.0
128.0
270.0
Total...... _......... ..
24
63
6 d a v s ................................
12 d a y s ................................
13 days......................
1
3
2
6
5
8
Total.....................
6
19
N a ile r s ( f e m a l e ):
12 d a y s ................................
1
3
12.0
100.0
44.0
88.0
88.0
100.0
44.17
.502
4
5
2
2
25
74
7
3
5.5
10.0
12.1
15.0
91.7
83.3
93.1
100.0
48.0
48.5
48.0
56.0
48.0
97.0
104.0
120.0
45.0
79.6
92.5
123.3
93.8
82.1
88.9
102.8
28.06
53. 27
70.73
71.83
.623
.669
.765
.582
Total.................
Packers (female):
6 d a y s .............................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s ...............................
13
109
1
2
1
75
60
40
48.0
94.4
101.4
39.6
88.8
99.9
82.5
94.1
98.5
13.07
40.93
42.96
.330
.461
.430
Total......
Tank-car loaders:
6 d a y s .................................
7 d a y s ..................................
12 days.....................
13 days......................
14 d a y s ...............................
15 d a y s ...............................
16 d a y s ...............................
30 days......................
4
175
8
37
9
57
76
1
76
3
In sp ectors:
6 d a y s ................................
Nailers:
Packers:
6 d a y s .................................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s ............................. ..
15 d a y s ...............................
2
6
23
1
27
1
1
2
$0,383
94.1 34.48
109.8 79.08
97.4 85.76
82.5 67.05
100.0 156.00
100.0 175.00
.752
.737
.820
677
1,219
.648
49.9
6.0
12.2
10.6
100.0
101.7
81.5
48.0
48.4
53.3
.778
48.0 48.2
96.8 104.0
115.4 93.8
100.4
107.4
81.3
28.06
75.19
63.14
50.3
5.0
11.4
13.2
83.3
95.0
101.5
48.0
47.2
46.7
.662
47.4
6.1
6.2
11.8
12.1
14.0
13.6
15.3
30.0
101.7
88.6
98.3
93.1
100.0
90.7
95.6
100.0
.398
49.4 49.4 52.6
56.0 56.0 48.7
49.5 99.0 107.3
50.4 109.2 102.5
70.0 140.0 149.0
56.6 121.4 119.8
56.0 128.0 121.3
56.0 240.0 240.0
106.5 33.80
87.0 27.57
108.4 64. 84
93.9 65.00
106.4 122. 18
98.7 74.06
94.8 103. 33
100.0 167. 50
52.2
261
69
2
13
11.2
93.3
3
3
5
3
14
17
15
12
6.1
11.9
12.6
13.0
101.7
99. 2
96.9
86.7
Total......................
13
58
48.7
.582
.723
.673
.657
48.6
Total...................
Testers:
12 days......................
Weighers:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
$34.30
93.3
.642
.566
.604
.634
.820
.618
.852
.698
.625
89.6
92.0
54.96
.613
49.0 49.0 52.7
47.1 94.2 98.3
48. 8 105.7 102.3
56.6 121.3 105.5
107.6
104.4
96. 8
87.0
35.86
74.37
74.60
65. 42
.681
. 757
.729
.620
50.0
97.4
.703
35
GENERAL TABLES.
T able A .— A V E R A G E STA R TS (D A Y S ON W H IC H EM PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H O U R S, A N D E A R N IN G S, AN D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STA R TS
A R E OF T H E T O T A L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E FU L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
lish
period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Aver
Per
hours
ees.
pay Per
age of starts Per pay
age worked Inroll
num
is of week. roll num
is of
hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
days.
hours.
REFINERIES —Continued.
TRANSPORTATION— RAIL
ROAD,
MOTOR,
AND
TEAM .
B rak em en :
5 d a y s ..................................
6 d a y s ....................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s ...............................
1
2
3
1
3
7
36
2
T o t a l ...............................
6
48
C h a u ffe u r s :
6 d a y s .................................
7 d a y s .................................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s ...............................
15 d a y s ...............................
16 d a y s ...............................
30 d a y s ...............................
9
1
7
27
5
1
1
38
2
76
144
10
3
2
T o t a l ...............................
51
275
C o n d u cto rs:
5 d a y s ...............................
6 d a y s .................................
12 d a y s ...............................
15 d a y s ...............................
1
2
2
1
1
3
11
12
T o t a l ...............................
5
27
E n g in e e r s , r a ilr o a d :
5 d a y s .................................
6 d a y s .................................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s .............................
15 d a y s ...............................
1
4
3
5
2
1
10
28
10
14
T o t a l ...............................
14
63
F ir e m e n :
5 d a y s .................................
6 d a y s .................................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s ...............................
15 d a y s ...............................
1
1
3
2
2
1
2
11
5
17
T o t a l ...............................
8
36
T e a m s t e r s a n d d r iv e r s :
6 d a y s ..................................
12 d a y s ...............................
13 d a y s ...............................
15 d a y s ................................
4
3
15
4
27
122
124
7
T o t a l ...............................
26
280
T rackm en:
6 d a y s ..................................
12 d a y s ................................
13 d a y s ................................
1
1
3
12
8
52
T o t a l ...............................
5
72
5 .0
6 .4
1 1 .8
1 1 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 0 6 .7
9 8 .3
8 4 .6
5 0 .0
4 9 .3
4 7 .5
4 8 .0
5 0 .0
4 9 .3
9 5 .0
1 0 4 .0
5 0 .0
5 9 .3
106 .1
8 9 .0
1 0 0 .0
1 20 .3
1 1 1 .7
8 5 .6
$ 3 2 .0 0
39. 43
101. 07
72. 58
.8 8 6
4 7 .9
5 .8
7 .0
1 2 .0
1 2 .7
1 3 .0
1 5 .7
2 9 .5
9 6 .7
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 7 .7
8 6 .7
9 8 .1
9 8 .3
5 .0
6 .0
1 1 .9
11 .1
1 0 0 .0
1 0 0 .0
9 9 .2
7 4 .0
7 .0
5 .9
1 2 .8
13 .1
1 3 .4
1 4 0 .0
9 8 .3
106. 7
100. 8
8 9 .3
4 8 .4
8 4 .0
48. 8
5 1 .4
5 6 .7
6 0 .0
5 6 .0
4 8 .4
8 4 .0
9 7 .6
1 1 1 .4
1 2 1 .5
1 3 5 .0
2 4 0 .0
4 8 .7
8 4 .0
104. 5
1 1 0 .8
1 0 5 .7
1 3 7 .2
2 5 3 .8
1 00 .6
1 0 0 .0
107.1
9 9 .5
8 7 .0
1 0 1 .6
1 05 .8
30. 41
3 5 .0 0
72. 95
7 6 .6 9
6 7 .1 3
110. 89
162. 50
.6 2 5
.4 1 7
.6 9 8
.6 9 2
.6 3 5
.8 0 8
.6 4 0
5 0 .0
4 9 .0
9 6 .0
1 6 0 .6
5 0 .0
6 3 .2
1 1 0 .2
1 1 6 .3
1 00 .0
1 2 9 .0
114. 8
7 2 .4
3 4 .0 0
4 6 .7 2
127. 30
1 1 9 .09
.6 8 0
.7 4 0
1 .1 5 5
1 .0 2 4
5 0 .0
4 9 .3
96. 0
104. 0
1 5 8 .6
7 0 .0
5 5 .5
108. 9
111 .1
1 4 1 .7
1 4 0 .0
1 1 2 .6
113. 4
106. 8
8 9 .3
5 3 .7 0
4 4 .4 5
122. 62
9 5 .1 7
140. 58
.7 6 7
.8 0 2
1 .1 2 6
.8 5 6
.9 9 2
____
.9 9 6
5 0 .8
5 0 .0
4 9 .0
4 8 .0
7 5 .0
.6 8 1
6 0 .2
5 0 .0
4 9 .3
48. 0
48. 0
7 4 .0
1 .033
5 4 .0
5 .6
6 .5
1 1 .6
1 3 .8
1 1 .6
1 0 0 .0
1 0 8 .3
96. 7
1 0 6 .2
7 7 .3
5 .6
1 2 .3
1 1 .9
1 4 .0
9 3 .3
1 0 2 .5
9 1 .5
9 3 .3
5 0 .4
4 9 .5
5 2 .1
5 8 .4
5 .6
1 1 .4
9 .8
9 3 .3
9 5 .0
7 5 .4
4 8 .0
4 8 .0
5 3 .5
5 0 .0
5 2 .5
4 7 .7
48. 0
7 3 .3
5 0 .0
5 2 .5
95. 4
1 0 4 .0
157 .1
5 0 .0
6 5 .0
1 0 8 .9
125. 0
1 1 8 .7
1 0 0 .0
123. 8
114. 2
120. 2
7 5 .6
3 0 .5 0
4 0 .1 8
10 5 .9 6
88. 86
9 5 .6 8
.6 1 0
.6 1 8
.9 7 3
.7 1 1
.8 0 6
5 0 .4
9 9 .0
1 1 2 .9
1 25 .1
4 8 .0
1 1 0 .5
101 .1
1 1 8 .3
9 5 .2
111 .6
8 9 .5
9 4 .6
2 9 .5 6
6 5 .8 0
6 7 .7 2
67. 84
.6 1 6
.5 9 5
.6 7 0
.5 7 3
4 8 .0
9 6 .0
1 1 6 .0
4 4 .7
1 0 1 .0
8 6 .7
9 3 .1
1 0 5 .2
7 4 .7
2 7 .8 0
7 4 .7 4
4 8 .4 7
6 0 .2
.8 2 8
5 1 .0
5 2 .0
$ 0 ,6 4 0
.6 6 5
.9 5 3
.8 1 5
.6 3 0
.6 2 2
.7 4 0
.5 5 9
.5 9 0
36
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H EM PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, AN D E A R N IN G S, AN D P ER CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E T O TA L W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U R S
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H O U R S PER
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
lish
period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Per
Aver
hours
ees.
pay Per
age of starts Per pay
age worked Inroll
num
is of week. roll num
is of period. hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average
work
full-time
days.
hours.
REFINERIES —Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR,
MAINTENANCE, ANDRE
PAIR.
Blacksmiths:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
26 days......................
8
5
32
1
1
20
41
116
1
1
Total......................
47
179
Boiler makers:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days...... ■...............
26 days...... ...............
9
5
40
2
5
1
196
414
529
3
7
4
Total......................
60 1,153
Boiler makers’ helpers:
6 days.....
..........
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
26 days......................
262
10
5
988
30 1,276
1
5
2
3
1
2
Total......................
48 2,536
Bricklayers and masons:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
26 days......................
10
6
34
2
1
68
174
348
5
3
Total......................
52
598
Carpenters:
fi days... ..................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
26 days......................
13
7
42
2
1
132
296
560
2
5
Total.....................
65
995
Coopers:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
3
6
11
3
63
106
59
11
Total......................
23
239
5.3
11.8
12.5
14.0
26.0
88.3
98.3
96.2
93.3
100.0
48.2 48.2 42.0
48.5 97.0 97.8
47.5 103.3 98.9
63.0 135.0 121.5
54.0 234.0 231.0
87.1
100.8
95.7
90.0
98.7
$34.75
83.31
87.24
91.13
127.66
47.9
5.7
11.1
11.9
13.3
13.4
10.3
95.0
92.5
91.5
95.0
89.3
39.6
.867
48.0 48.0
48.0 96.0
48.1 104.4
55.1 110.2
61.0 130.7
48.0 208.0
45.9
90.4
95.3
106.7
122.3
90.5
95.6
94.2
91.3
96.8
93.6
43.5
41.75
98.49
90.24
91.60
111.66
73.50
48.1
5.5
10.9
11.1
13.8
15.0
14.5
91.7
90.8
85.4
98.6
100.0
55.8
93.3
89.2
81.5
34.7
12.7
48.2 48.2 45.6
48.1 96.2 88.7
47.1 102.4 86.2
56.0 112.0 116.2
56.0 120.0 113.7
48.0 208.0 129.0
94.6
92.2
84.2
103.8
94.8
62.0
32.98
65.20
64.52
86.45
74.45
73.25
91.7
93.3
87.7
96.7
64.6
47.6 47.6
47.9 95.8
48.0 104.0
56.0 120.0
48.0 208.0
44.6
87.6
85.1
39.7
29.3
93.7
91.4
81.8
33.1
14.1
45.55
95.98
96.98
41.59
49.87
95.0
89.2
87.7
98.0
48. 2 48. 2 44.3
47. 9 95.8 90.9
47.5 103.0 91.0
56.0 120.0 114.0
54.0 234.0 147.8
-- _ --------- _
48.6
48.2
48.7
61.7
49.0
1.020
1.096
1.139
1.048
1.700
1.115
91.9
94.9
88.3
95.0
63.2
38. 78
82.69
81.05
89. 95
149. 60
47.8
5.7
10.7
11.4
14.7
.723
.735
.749
.744
.655
.568
.741
48.0
5.5
11.2
11.4
14.5
16.8
.909
1.090
.947
. 859
.913
.812
.991
47.6
5.6
10. 7
10.6
5. 2
3.3
$0,828
.852
.882
.750
.553
. 876
.909
. 890
.789
1.012
. 894
48.6
96.4
105.5
132.3
—
49.8
90.1
92.6
138.1
102.5
93. 5
87.8
104.4
____ _____
36.98
73.57
75.18
89.89
.742
.817
.812
.651
.788
37
GENERAL TABLES,
T a b l e A .— A V E R A G E STA R TS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H O U R S , A N D E A R N IN G S, AN D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S A N D T H A T A V E R A G E HOURS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H O U RS P ER
P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ- Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
NmnOccupation and number ber of
estabof workdays in pay-roll
lishperiod.
ments.
Number of
Per cent
Per cent
emaverage
average
ploy- Aver- number
Per
Aver
hours
ees.
age of starts Per
age worked
Per
numnum
is of week.
is of
hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
days.
hours.
^ .ay-
W
R E F IN E R IE S —Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS L AB O R ,
M A IN T E N AN C E, AN D RE
PAIR— c ontinue d .
Crane operators:
6 days..........................
12 days........................
13 days........................
15 days........................
5
4
7
3
8
21
50
8
Total........................
Crane riggers:
6 days........................ .
12 days........................
13 days...................... .
18
87
1
4
6
17
97
90
Total...................... .
Driving-machine operat
ors:
6 days........................ .
12 days................... .
11
204
1
2
4
5
Total...................... .
Electricians:
6 days................... .
7 days........................
12 days........................
13 days.......................
14 days........................
15 days........................
3
9
10
1
5
23
2
5
39
1
87
107
6
11
Total......................
H elpers:1
6 days........................
7 days.........................
12 days............... .......
13 days...................... .
15 days......................
42
251
T otal......................
Laborers:
6 days........................
7 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 .days......................
16 days......................
30 days......................
52 2,272
T otal......................
Laborers (female):
12 days......................
15 days......................
T otal......................
12
224
1
1
6
827
33 1, 210
4
10
15 1,201
3
75
7 3,726
46 5,604
1
2
21
493
2
5
1
33
6.4
12.0
12.6
14.4
106.7
100.0
96.9
96.0
50.6
48.3
53.9
68.3
6.5
11.4
11.0
108.3
95.0
84.6
49.5
48.4
48.1
28
1
2
29
49.5
96 8
104.1
122.2
95.7
85.1
.869
60.5
92.6
88.6
39.16
70.10
69.06
48.4
6.0
12.0
100.0
100.0
49.5
48.6
5.6
7. 0
11.5
12.4
13.8
14.3
93.3
100.0
95.8
95.4
98.6
95.3
48.0
56.0
48.0
48.2
55.3
56.6
5.6
7.0
10.8
11.8
11.4
93.3
100.0
90.0
90.8
76.0
48.1
56.0
48.0
48.2
58.8
49.5
97.2
54.3
107.3
34.66
70.55
109.7
110.4
48.0
56.0
96.0
104.5
110.6
121.4
45.6
56. 0
94.5
101.1
112.5
119.4
95.0
100.0
98.4
96 7
101.7
98.4
42.12
50.00
89.23
91.96
94. 08
99.85
.923
.893
.944
.910
.836
.836
48.1
56.0
96.0
104.6
126. 0
46.7
57.5
89.1
96.6
98.1
97.1
102.7
92.8
92.4
77.9
28.98
38.53
55.23
67.44
63.14
.621
.670
.620
.698
.644
.919
48.2
91.7
94.3
90.8
80.8
100.0
78.0
100.0
38.7
.662
48.3 48.3 46.1
57.4 57.4 55.3
48.5 97.0 91.3
49.8 108.0 88.7
54.7 109.4 112.0
59.3 127.2 100.1
56.0 128.0 129.1
63.0 270.0 97.1
95.4
96.3
94.1
82.1
102.4
78.7
100.9
36.0
96.7
100.0
44.4
56.0
25. 23
31. 37
55.26
49.67
66.53
59.13
92. 70
52.83
1
| 49.7
11.6
15.0
.639
.657
.649
48.7
5.5
6.6
10.9
10.5
14.0
11.7
16.0
11.6
648
.757
.780
.758
49.0
1 Not including boiler m akers’ and pipe fitters’ helpers.
112.8 $48.98 $0,858
106.1 97. 32
.949
.850
101.5 101.00
97.6 112.86
.790
53.6
78 11,139
1
1
50.6 57.1
96.6 102.5
117.0 118.8
146.3 142.8
88.8 86.6
120.0 108.0
I 44.8 ...........1.
.575
42.96
62.66
97.5
90.0
!
.547
.567
.605
.560
.594
.591
.718
.544
.496
.580
.499
38
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H E M PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H O U R S, A N D E A R N IN G S, A N D P E R CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STA RTS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H O U RS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , 1920— Continued.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
period.
lish
ments.
Num
ber of
Per cent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Per
Aver
hours
ees.
age ofstarts Per
age worked
Per
num
num
is of week.
is of
hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average period.
work
full-time
days.
hours.
BEFINEBIES-^Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS
LABOR,
RE
m a in t e n a n c e a n d
PAIR— continued.
Lead burners:
6 days.......................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days...*................
5
4
12
2
6
12
28
4
Total......................
23
50
Machinists:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
10
6
36
6
77
361
367
8
Total......................
56
813
Painters:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
. 15 days......................
26 days......................
7
6
29
4
1
49
154
192
11
2
Total......................
47
408
Pipe fitters:
6 days........................
7 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
16 days......................
30 days......................
11
2
7
43
1
8
1
1
189
3
356
442
4
23
2
6
Total......................
68
1 ,0 2 5
Pipe fitters’ helpers:
6 days........................
7 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
11
1
6
36
1
7
382
1
1 ,0 7 0
1 ,6 6 8
6
93
Total......................
55
3 ,2 2 0
Prooerty keepers:
6 days........................
32 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
16 days......................
1
4
7
9
1
3
38
23
22
1
20
87
Total
5 .2
1 1 .5
1 2 .3
1 5 .8
8 6 .7
9 5 .8
9 4 .6
105 .3
4& 3
4 7 .8
4 8 .7
5 6 .0
4a 3
9 5 .6
1 0 5 .6
1 2 0 .0
4 2 .9
9 5 .4
1 00 .3
12 4 .6
8a 8
9 9 .8
9 5 .0
1 0 3 .8
$4 1 .6 2
1 0 9 .25
101. 26
1 3 6 .46
$ 0 ,9 7 0
1 .146
1 .0 1 0
1 .095
4 9 .0
5 .9
1 1 .5
1 2 .3
1 4 .8
9& 3
9 5 .8
9 4 .6
9 8 .7
4 8 .5
4a 3
4 8 .5
5 7 .8
1.045
5 0 .3
9 7 .0
104 .1
1 23 .9
4 8 .5
9 6 .6
1 0 5 .2
1 2 3 .8
1 0 3 .7
1 0 0 .4
9 9 .0
100 .1
4 4 .4 8
8 8 .1 8
9 4 .4 5
1 0 2 .52
.8 8 5
.9 0 9
.9 0 8
.8 2 7
4 8 .5
5 .4
1 0 .9
1 1 .4
1 3 .5
2 5 .0
9 0 .0
9 0 .8
8 7 .7
9 0 .0
9 6 .2
4a o
4a 2
4 7 .2
5 7 .3
5 4 .0
.9 0 5
4 3 .0
8 6 .4
8 9 .1
113.1
2 2 2 .8
4 8 .0
9 6 .4
1 0 2 .4
1 2 2 .7
2 3 4 .0
8 9 .6
8 9 .6
8 7 .0
9 2 .2
9 5 .2
2 a 09
6 1 .6 6
6 4 .3 2
82.93
121 .06
.6 5 3
.7 1 4
.7 2 2
.7 3 3
.5 4 3
4 8 .0
6 .0
6 .7
1 1 .2
1 2 .5
1 3 .5
1 3 .9
1 5 .0
2 0 .7
1 0 0 .0
9 5 .7
9 3 .3
9 6 .2
9 6 .4
9 2 .7
9 3 .8
6 9 .0
4 8 .2
5 6 .0
4 8 .3
4 9 .8
5 6 .0
5 9 .7
5 6 .0
6 3 .0
.7 1 0
4 8 .2
5 6 .0
9 6 .6
1 0 8 .0
1 1 2 .0
1 27 .8
12 a 0
2 7 0 .0
9 1 .7
1 0 0 .0
8 7 .5
8 7 .7
9 5 .0
8 8 .0
4 8 .0
5 6 .0
4a 4
4 8 .7
5 6 .0
5 7 .1
1 05 .6
9 3 .4
9 7 .2
9 8 .4
1 1 2 .5
9 3 .0
9 6 .6
6 8 .2
4 1 .1 7
3 3 .7 2
8 4 .2 0
9 0 .7 3
8 9 .6 5
89. 58
130 .41
1 0 3 .73
.8 0 9
.6 4 4
.8 9 7
.8 5 3
.7 1 1
.7 5 4
1 .055
.5 6 3
1
4 9 .4
5 .5
7 .0
1 0 .5
1 1 .4
1 3 .3
1 3 .2
5 0 .9
5 2 .3
9 3 .9
106 .3
1 2 6 .0
1 1 8 .8
12 3 .6
1 8 4 .2
4 8 .0
5 6 .0
9 6 .8
105 .6
1 1 2 .0
1 22 .4
.8 5 5
4 7 .0
5 6 .0
8 9 .3
9 4 .3
1 10 .7
1 07 .0
9 7 .9
1 00 .0
9 2 .3
8 9 .3
9 8 .8
8 7 .4
2 9 .5 9
3 7 .2 3
6 1 .4 3
6 6 .1 2
6 0 .1 0
6 5 .9 3
.6 2 9
.6 6 5
.6 8 8
.7 0 1
.5 4 3
.6 1 6
4a 8
6 .3
1 1 .2
1 3 .3
1 4 .3
1 6 .0
1 0 5 .0
9 3 .3
102 .3
9 5 .3
1 00 .0
4 8 .0
4a 4
4 7 .9
5 7 .3
5 6 .0
5 0 .6
.6 8 5
4 8 .0
9 6 .8
1 04 .0
1 2 2 .7
1 2 8 .0
5 3 .0
100 .1
1 0 5 .6
1 1 9 .5
12 a 0
110 .4
103 .4
101.5
9 7 .4
1 00 .0
4 8 .9 6
6 7 .2 8
8 0 .3 0
7 6 .7 8
1 0 6 .66
.9 2 4
.6 7 2
.7 6 0
.6 4 3
.8 3 3
I
.6 9 8
GENERAL TABLES.
39
T able A .— A V E R A G E STARTS (D A Y S ON W H IC H EM PLO YEES W O R K E D ),
H OU RS, A N D E A R N IN G S, AN D PER CENTS T H A T A V E R A G E STARTS
A R E OF T H E TO T A L W O R K D A Y S AN D T H A T A V E R A G E H OURS
A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A R E OF T H E A V E R A G E F U LL-TIM E H O U R S P E R
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D N U M B E R OF D A Y S IN
P A Y -R O L L PE R IO D , 1920— Concluded.
Starts (days on
Hours actually Average earn
which employ Average full worked
in pay
ees worked) in time hours.
ings.
roll period.
pay-roll period.
Num
Occupation and number ber of
of workdays in pay-roll estab
lish
period.
ments.
Num
ber of
Percent
Per cent
em
average
average
ploy Aver number
Aver
Per
hours
pay Per
ees.
age ofstarts Per
age worked Inrollnum
num
is of week.
is of period. hour.
ber.
total
period. ber. average
work
full-time
days.
hours.
sr
REFINERIES—Concluded.
MISCELLANEOUS
LABOR,
m a in t e n a n c e , a n d r e
p a ir —
concluded.
Propertykeepers (female):
12 days......................
1
1
12.0
100.0
49.0
98.0
102.0
104.1
Tinsmiths:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
2
3
8
2
21
32
4.5
11.3
11.0
75.0
94.2
84.6
48.0
48.5
46.4
48.0
97.0
100.8
32.0
90.4
85.4
66.7
93.2
84.7
.............
13
55
Welders:
6 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
15 days......................
26 days......................
5
5
24
1
1
8
51
86
1
1
Total.....................
Other mechanics:
6 days........................
7 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
16 days......................
26 days......................
30 days......................
36
147
9
1
5
37
1
13
1
1
1
35
4
203
436
1
45
1
2
1
Total......................
57
728
2
10
4
7
5
41
1
1
50
42
201
77
147
248
15
1
65
781
Total.
$52.99 $0,520
28.92
83.00
72.01
.904
.919
.843
.874
47.2
5.9
11.3
12.1
15.0
2.0
98.3
94.2
93.1
100.0
76.9
5.6
7.0
11.4
12.1
8.0
14.0
16.0
17.0
30.0
93.3
100.0
95.0
93.1
57.1
93.3
100.0
65.4
100.0
48.2
48.0
46.6
56.0
48.0
47.7
92.4
93.9
120.0
13.5
99.0
96.3
92.7
100.0
6.5
38.83
80.33
86.49
80.00
10.50
47.4 45.6
56.0 56.1
96.6 93.9
107.3 100.9
112.0 64.0
123.0 113.5
128.0 128.7
234.0 151.0
270.0 270.0
96.2
100.2
97.2
94.0
57.1
92.3
100.5
64.5
100.0
32.46
39.29
75.40
76.97
62.72
84.48
107.50
92.21
200.00
48.2
96.0
101.3
120.0
208.0
.814
.870
.921
.667
.778
47.3
47.4
56.0
48.3
49.5
56.0
57.4
56.0
54.0
63.0
.895
.712
.700
.803
.763
.980
.744
.835
.611
.741
.770
49.6
GUARDING, ETC.
Watchmen:
6 days.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7 days....................... '
12 days......................
13 days......................
14 days......................
15 days......................
16 days......................
30 days......................
Total.....................
Other employees:
6 days........................
7 days........................
12 days......................
13 days......................
14days......................
15 days......................
16 days......................
30 days......................
Total.....................
10
131
7
70
6
698
38 1,147
5
117
37
766
1
8
1
2
67 2,939
59
$.8
11.9
12.9
13.6
14.3
14.2
30.0
98.3
97.1
99.2
99.2
97.1
95.3
88.8
100.0
48.0 48.0 47.4
79.2 79.2 75.7
48.2 96.4 96.0
58.6 126.8 125.6
60.9 121.8 121.4
61.0 130.8 124.3
56.0 128.0 114.2
56.0 240.0 240.0
98.8
95.6
99.6
99.1
99.7
95.0
89.2
100.0
32.09
32.29
75.09
77.84
72.72
71.11
86.34
140.00
57.5
5.9
6.4
11.1
11.9
12.6
13.2
15.0
25.0
98.3
91.4
92.5
91.5
90.0
88.0
93.8
83.3
48.7 48.7
56.8 56.8 .
49.4 98.8
49.0 106.2
60.5 121.0
57.6 123.4
56.0 128.0
56.0 240.0
52.0
.677
.426
.782
.620
.599
.572
.756
.583
| .638
51.2
51.9
93.2
97.5
110.2
109.3
119,6
210.0
105.1
91.4
94.3
91.8
91.1
88.6
93.4
87.5
34.47
32.60
64.10
69.21
82.18
77.02
92.51
106.60
.673
.628
.688
.710
.746
.704
.773
.508
i
1
.701
T able B .— CUM ULATIVE PER CENT OF EM PLOYEES W O R K IN G CUSTOM ARY H O U R S PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS AND
D A YS PER W E E K .
Num Aver
ber
age
of
hours
em
per
ploy
day.
ees.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week.
Cumulative per cent of employees working specified customary hours or less per day.
8
but
less
on 1
day.
8
8f
8*
but
but
less 8* less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8f
but
less
on 1
day.
9
but
less
on 1
day.
9
91
but
less
on 1
day.
9f 10
9*
but
but but
less 9* less less 10
on 1
onl onl
day. day.
day.
10|
11
HI
12
but
less 12
on 2
days.
13
WELLS.
Derrick men:
Working 7 days per week.......
Drillers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Drillers’ helpers and clean-out
helpers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Firemen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Gaugers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Laborers, roustabouts, and connec
tion men:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Pumpers and engineers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Rig builders:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Teamsters:
Working 7 days per week__ ,
Working 6 days per week.......
Tool dressers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Truck drivers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
11
891
8.1
56.6
97
97
99
100
46
2,380
195
10.6
11.4
74.0
68.2
34
35
21
37
21
100
100
21
12
2,378
353
8.6
9.0
60.5
53.9
80
18
84
92
86
96
100
100
27
3
1,087
41
8.4
8.2
58.0
49.2
89
80
89
98
90
100
20
1
107
16
9.0
8.0
63.3
48.0
50
100
75
85
100
34
28
7,527
4,386
8.8
8.5
61.6
50.9
37
63
99
100
100
100
49
13
5,755
1,447
9.3
8.8
64.9
52.8
35
27
100
100
11
8
171
261
9.3
8.1
64.8
48.8
20
10
434
64
8.6
9.5
41
8
1,685
209
25
15
534
259
100
64
84
88
27
76
94
81
99
30
93
44
100
100
60.2
56.9
49
2
91
66
11.3
11.4
79.4
72.0
15
15
18
9.0
8.7
63.0
52.4
29
42
44
74
89
88
.
100
84
100
100
100
17
19
99
93
100
100
—
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Num
ber
Occupation and number of days
of
per week.
estab
lish
ments.
O
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
Working 7 days per week
Working 6 days per week
Machinists—
Working 7 days per week
Working 6 days per week
Other mechanicsWorking 7 days per week
Working 6 days per week
Mechanics’ helpers:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week----
Other employees:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 days per week---All employees:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 d^ys per week----
97
100
100
33
52
99
100
100
37
45
99
100
100
36
68
23
21
646
341
8.8
8.3
61.4
49.7
16
12
117
157
8.9
8.4
62.3
50.6
25
19
636
562
8.7
8.5
61.1
51.1
20
14
321
223
8.6
8.3
60.1
49.7
53
65
38
20
1,449
623
9.4
8.7
66.0
52.3
38
38
63
55 26,118
37 9,137
9.2
8.7
64.5
52.2
43
50
73
1
0)
C1)
74
100
95
88
100
100
79
97
98
100
100
81
96
96
100
100
Engineers and pumpers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Firemen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Gaugers—deliverymen and oil re
ceivers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Laborers, roustabouts, etc.:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Linemen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Line walkers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Oilers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Teamsters:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Telegraph operators:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
95
39
4
1,604
130
8.2
8.5
57.7
51.1
93
72
94
76
31
2
983
91
8.1
8.1
56.4
48.4
98
97
99
36
8
863
440
8.5
9.5
59.7
56.9
71
10
78
42
18 1,037
30 10,137
8.8
9.0
61.8
53.9
58
22
59
79
100
11
13
141
96
9.1
8.9
63.6
53.5
31
27
60
81
100
100
33
6
527
28
9.0
8.9
63.0
53.4
45
50
56
61
100
100
11
1
225
71
8.0
8.0
56.0
48.0
100
100
6
9
21
111
9.3
9.9
65.3
59.1
33
5
10
100
100
26
2
624
18
8.0
8.6
56.1
51.3
100
72
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
GENERAL TABLES.
PE LINES.
T able B .— C U M U L A T IV E P E R
C E N T O F E M P L O Y E E S W O R K IN G C U S T O M A R Y H O U R S P E R D A Y B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D
D A Y S P E R W E E K — Continued.
Average
hours
per
day.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week.
Cumulative per cent of employees working specified customary hours or less per day.
8
but
less
onl
day.
8
9
8i
8§ 8*
but
but but but
less 8* less less less
onl
onl on 1 onl
day.
day. day. day.
9
9i
but
less
onl
day.
9i
but
less
onl
day.
9i
9f
but
less
onl
day.
10
but
less 10
onl
day.
10*
11
12
but
12
less
11*
on 2
days.
PIPE LINES—Concluded.
Truck drivers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
Working 7 days per week .
Working 6days per week..
Machinists—
Working 7days per week..
Working 6 days per week..
Other mechanicsWorking 7days per week..
Working 6days per week..
Mechanics' helpers:
Working 7 d^ays per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Other employees:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
All employees:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
13
13
101
162
8.9
9.0
62.4
53.7
54
10
95
100
100
32
21
57
370
8.3
9.4
58.1
56.1
79
14
91
51
100
100
12
13
48
125
8.3
9.0
57.8
53.9
88
45
58
100
100
19
18
206
724
8.3
9.1
58.3
54.4
80
37
86
55
100
100
7
13
40
196
8.1
8.8
56.7
52.9
95
55
63
100
100
22
14
258
209
8.7
9.0
60.9
53.8
71
34
78
70
91
100
100
39 6,735
30 12,908
8.4
9.0
59.0
54.0
79
24
83
75
75
98
100
100
98
95
100
REFINERIES.
REFINING.
Clay rpasters:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Coal passers and ashmen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
20
9
125
20
8.1
8.1
56.7
48.9
95
80
8
5
383
278
8.4
8.2
58.7
49.3
65
92
90
93
97
100
100
100
13
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Num Num
ber
ber
of
of
Occupation and number of days
emestab
per week.
lish
pioyments.
to
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Press runners:
Workmg 7 days per week.......
Pumpmen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Pumpmen’s helpers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Kepairmen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Retort, acid, and kettle men:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Still inspectors:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Stillmen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Stillmen’s assistants, chargers, and
headers-up
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Sweatermen:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Testers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
38
14
337
95
8.2
8.1
57.2
48.8
15
3
74
10
8.2
8.0
57.2
48.0
70
14
2,323
1,209
8.1
8.0
56.4
48.3
97
42
192
42
8.1
8.2
56.6
48.9
86
6
89
61
8.0
8.0
56.0
48.1
2
8
8.8
52.5
100
7
3
32
56.1
48.3
100
22
8.0
8.0
26
6
245
139
8.1
8.0
56.5
48.0
12
9
4
19
8.0
56.0
62
17
700
387
8.1
8.1
56.4
48.5
23
12
326
121
8.0
8.1
56.0
48.4
3
8
4
32
8.0
8.0
55.7
48.1
11
4
71
14
8.0
8.3
55.9
49.7
6
1
21
4
8.2
8.0
57.3
48.0
70
11
863
342
8.1
8.0
56.7
47.9
50
10
938
406
8.0
8.0
56.1
48.0
21
7
77
46
8.1
8.1
56.5
48.5
21
11
81
58
8.0
8.1
56.2
48.2
93
89
1
96
95
100
96
98
100
100
98
98
100
100
97
100
99
100
98
100
85 100
100
100
90
56
90
92
91
95
96
93
96
98
96
100
99
100
99
100
100
94 100
GENERAL TABLES.
Engineers and chillermen:
Working 7 days per week__
Working 6 days per week---Filterers:
Working 7 days per week__
Working 6 days per week__
Firemen ana assistant engineers:
Working 7 days per week__
Working 6 days per week__
Gaugers:
Working 7 days per week—
Working 6 days per week—
Molders:
Working 7 days per week__
Working 6 days per week.:..
Molders (female):
Working 6 days per week__
Oilers:
Working 7 days per week__
Working 6 days per week—
100
100
100
100
100
99
96
98
100
100
100
ioo
100
CO
T a b l e B .— C U M U L A T IV E P E R C E N T O F E M P L O Y E E S W O R K IN G C U S T O M A R Y H O U R S P E R
D A Y S P E R W E E K — Continued.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week.
Cumulative per cent of employees working specified customary hours or less per day.
8
but
less
onl
day.
8
8}
but
less
on 1
day.
0H
0
M
Aver
age
hours
per
day.
^
8§
but
less
onl
day.
8f
but
less
onl
day.
9
but
less
onl
day.
n
9
but
less
onl
day.
9J
but
less 9}
onl
day.
9i
but
less
onl
day.
10
but
less 10
onl
day.
10i
11
Hi
12
but
less 12
on 2
days.
REFINERIES—-Continued.
refining—concluded.
Testers (female):
Working 6 days per week---Testers’ assistants:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 days per week----Treaters:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 days per week---Treaters’ helpers:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 days per week---Water purifiers:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 days per week----Water tenders:
Working 7 days per week----Working 6 days per week----
1
5
8.2
49.0
6
3
21
14
8.0
8.1
56:0
48.6
100
43
55
21
177
58
8.2
8.2
57.3
49.5
91
79
25
12
132
59
8.1
8.2
56.5
49.2
93
83
5
1
19
5
8.0
8.0
56.0
48.0
100
100
23
6
158
135
8.1
8.0
56.8
48.0
97
100
15
96
8.1
48.4
1
1
8.2
49.0
4
30
15
223
8.2
8.1
57.4
48.6
1
52
7.3
44.0 100
5
20
6
57
8.2
8.2
57.2
49.1
100
100
84
si
86
97
91
97
100
93
99
95
100
100
97
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING.
Branders and painters:
Working 6 days per week---Branders and painters (female):
Working 6 days per week---Fillers:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Fillers (female):
Working 6 days per week___
Inspectors:
Working 7 days per week---Working 6 days per week___
5
51
53
70
71
98
100
100
5
80
66
77
83
49
54
90
56
58
100
99
100
86 100
100
100
100
13
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR, IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Num Num
ber
ber
of
of
Occupation and number of days
em
estab
per week.
lish
ployments.
D A Y B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D
7 0312°— 22— B u ll. 297-
6
19
8 .4
50.3
1
3
7 .3
4 4 .0
2
11
3
106
8.0
8.1
5 6 .0
4 8 .3
4
175
7 .9
4 7 .4
32
37
91
170
8.1
8.1
2
13
12
46
6
1
45
3
8
43
17
258
1
4
1
12
14
1
2
12
1
14
48
1
10.6
2
6
1
17
18
1
1 0 .5
4
22
5
8.1
8.0
53
63
100
100
56
65
96
100
77
98
95
68
85
14
30
57
100
1
92
49
55
48 .7
31
5 6 .6
4 8 .2
11
92
50
80
13
69
87
100
2
65
40
55
82
74
56.7
49 .9
3
11
21
100
100
100
96
100
96
85
100
98
100
TRANSPORTATION— RAILROAD,
MOTOR, AN D TEA M .
Brakemen:
Working 6 days per week___
Working 5 days per week___
Chauffeurs:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Conductors:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Working 5 days per week___
Engineers, railroad:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Working 5 days per week___
Firemen:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Working 5 days per week___
Teamsters and drivers:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Trackmen:
Working 6 days per week___
8.0
10.0
8.6
8 .4
10.7
8.0
10.0
4 7 .8
5 0 .0
6 0 .4
5 0 .2
100
86
14
71
8.1
18
89
10.0
73-. 3
48. 3
5 0 .0
7
273
8 .3
8 .5
5 8 .4
5 0 .8
71
16
72
8 .7
5 2 .0
17
1
178
9.0
6 3 .0
4 7 .9 J 29
8.0
63
100
100
58
7 5 .0
48. 2
5 0 .0
7 4 .0
4 8 .3
5 0 .0
10.0
58
88
90
6
j.. ..
100
100
!
!
100
96
100
1 ...
1
1
100
i
22
86
63
....
1_____
!
100
100
92
33
100
63 1 72
100
92
100
100
97
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR* MAINTE
NANCE, AN D REPAIR.
Blacksmiths:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
100
100
i
GENERAL TABLES,
14-
Nailers:
Working 6 days per week___
Nailers (female):
Working 6 days per week___
Packers:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Packers (female):
Working 6 days per week___
Tank-car loaders:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
Testers:
Working 6 days per week___
Weighers:
Working 7 days per week___
Working 6 days per week___
•
1
46
8.0
.
74
89
98
io o
. . : . J .........
Cn
T a b l e B .— C U M U L A T IV E P E R C E N T OF E M P L O Y E E S W O R K IN G C U S T O M A R Y H O U R S P E R
D A Y S P E R W E E K — Concluded.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Averhours
Cumulative per cent of employees working specified customary hours or less per day.
Average
8
time but
hours less
per
1
week. on
day.
8
8£
but
less 8*
on 1
day.
8§
but
less
on 1
day.
8*
but
less
on 1
day.
9
but
less
on 1
day.
9
91
but
less
on 1
day.
91
but
less 91
on 1
day.
9f
but
less
on 1
day.
10
but
less 10
on 1
day.
101
11
HI
12
but
less 12
on 2
days.
13
REFINERIES—Concluded.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTE
NANCE, AND r e p a i r — c o n c lu d e d .
Boiler makers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Boiler makers’ helpers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Bricklayers and masons:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Carpenters:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Coopers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Crane operators:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Crane riggers:
Working 6 days per week.......
Driving-machine operators:
Working 6 days per week.......
Electricians:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Helpers :2
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
Laborers:
Working 7 days per week.......
Working 6 days per week.......
7
55
10
1,143
8.5
8.0,
59.2
48.0
14
70
50
71
87
90
95
80
96
100
100
3
46
8
2,528
8.0
7.9
56.0
47.6
20
100
53
75
84
86
98
98
100
1
2
51
5
593
8.0
8.0
56.0
47.9
6
100
65
85
91
94
99
99
100
1
2
63
2
993
8.0
8.0
56.0
47.7
16
100
65
80
86
87
97
99
3
20
11
228
8.8
8.1
61.7
48.4
10
18
34
79
94
100
97
3
16
8
79
9.8
8.7
68.3
52.1
13
13
30
38
47
59
63
11
204
8.1
48.4
1
45
63
67
100
100
9
94
58
7
64
55
2
57
50
3
9
8.2
49.0
8
37
18
233
8.1
8.0
56.2
48.1
5
50
11
2,261
8.4
8.0
58.5
48.2
8.5
8.2
59.2
49.2
28
67
608
10,531
1
1
22
72
82
66
100
100
!
100
1
100
100
66
1
100
81
86
7i
82
87
73
95
100
100
95
100
99
85
98
96
100
99
100
99
96
97
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
^
05
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and number of days
per week.
Num
ber
of
estab
lish
ments.
D A Y B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D
1
1
. 1
28
7.4
8.0
56.0
44.4
2
21
4
46
8.0
8.1
56.0
48.4
6
52
8
805
8.3
57.8
48.4
4
43
11
397
8.2
8.0
57.3
47.7
13
61
38
987
8.5
8.2
59.3
49.0
9
52
100
3,120
8.2
8.1
57.1
48.5
10
12
23
64
8.2
8.0
57.2
48.2
1
1
8.2
49.0
13
55
7.9
47.2
1
35
1
146
8.0
7.9
56.0
47.2
17
51
52
676
8.2
8.2
57.3
49.0
58
11
453
328
9.0
8.4
62.5
50.6
51
53
963
1,976
8.3
57.9
49.1
8
86
58
62
62
67
69
87
93
93
57.3
48.7
50.0
6
90
57
72
72
77
79
91
90
96
97
56.0
46.6
39
100
49
67
95
98
100
8.1
I
1.00
93
100
7
100
67
12
75
44
15'
82
51
3
53
47
3
87
56
13
83
31
83
67
59
78
83
62
70
75
81
64
69
87
72
82
70
91
100
91
100
94
96
100
99
100
87
100
98
100
94
98
98
100
100
95
100
97
100
99
100
100
GENERAL TABLES,
Laborers (female):
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Lead burners:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Machinists:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Painters:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Pipe fitters:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Pipe fitters’ helpers:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Property keepers:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Property keepers (female):
Working 6 days per week.
Tinsmiths:
Working 6 days per week.
Welders:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Other mechanics:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
100
24
60
27
100
65
85
5
85
57
64
67
80
82
100
*
86
64
71
71
98
100
84
96
92
99
100
100
GUAR D IN G , ETC.
Watchmen:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Other employees:
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
All employees (male):
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
Working 5 days per week.
All employees (female):
Working 7 days per week.
Working 6 days per week.
76 9,936
76 32,595
1
6
1
5
1
273
8.2
8.2
8.1
10.0
8.0
7.9
Not including boiler makers' and pipe fitters' helpers.
75
88
76
89
89
97
78
90
78
94
94
95
99
98
93
97
97
97
97
100
100
97
100
97
99
78
100
100
100
98
100
100
100
98
100
100
100
100
100
H O U R S A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A N D A V E R A G E E A R N IN G S R E C E I V E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S
D IS T R IC T , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D W O R K D A Y S I N P A Y -R O L L P E R IO D , 1920.
IN
EACH
48
T able C .- A V E R A G E
WELLS.
Kansas, Montana, Okla
homa, Utah, and
Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana,
and Texas.
California.
Total—all States.
Occupation and num
ber of workdays in Num- Num- AverNum Aver
Num Num Aver Aver
Num- Num- AverNum Num Aver
Num- Num Aver
- Num
pay-roll period.
of ber of age Aver
ber of ber of age Aver
of ber of age age
berof ber of age Aver
berof ber of. age Aver- berof ber of age
age ber
age ber
age estab
em hours earn
estab- em hours earn
estab em hours earn
estab- em- hours earn- estab- em- hours
estab- em hours earn
work
lishwork
lish- ploy- worklish- ploy work
lish ploy
lish ploy work
lish- ploy- workings. m’ts. ploy
ees. ed. ings. ing. ees.’ ed. ings.
m’ts. ees. ed. ings. m’ts. ees. ed. ings. m’ts. ees. ed. ings. in g. ees. ed.
Derrick men:
15 days...................
Drillers:
13 days...................
15 days...................
26 days...................
30 days...................
31 days...................
Drilled helpers and
clean-out helpers:
13 days................... *
15 days...................
26 days...................
30 days...................
Firemen:
13 days...................
15 days...................
26 days...................
30 days...................
Gaugers:
13 days...................
15 days...................
26 days...................
30 days...................
Laborers, roustabouts,
and connection men:
13 days...................
15 days................... '
26 days...................
30 days...................
Pumpers and engineers:
13 days...................
15 days....... ...........
D o lls .
D o lls .
1
55 120.4 ii4.66
152 247.2 236.85
5
2
3
1
1
10 120.6 74.20
26 158.3 65.54
179 229.7 149.74
2 190.0 95.00
2
2
1
1 117.0 70.00
2
6
9 153.3 102.22
175 124.3 99.22
2 128.0 84.00
25 171.8 70.79
1
1 135.0 90.00
2
51 96.1 64.38
2 240 72.1 38.40
8 1,355 110.8 68.73
1
5 284.0 145.00
4
5
1
48 107.1 53.97
758 103.2 52.25
7 70.7 32.25
1
2
2
39 119.6 61.55
7 1.192 132.1 68.40
59 115.3 77:03
113 117.4 71.00
D o lls .
D o lls .
D o lls .
1 85.0 46.75
8
775 102.9 74.08
3
115 107.7 106.36
4
307 115.2 152.13
D o lls .
11
891 103.5 78.21
1
17
2
15
1
10
532
6
294
, 5
78.3 95.70
147.3 167.63
212.5 260.00
235.6 290.36
218.4 254.80
1
18
18 131.0 207.94
997 131.7 151.81
2
15 276.0 361.33
5
4
6
4
29
102
92
73
104.9 67.17
141.8 72.14
150.8 113.20
283.7 140.01
41 112.0 115.53
2
13 1,772 94.1 6,295
3
378 113.1 97.53
7
82 110.9 92.62
18 2,303 100.9 69.14
9 271 202.9 137.33
5
75 281.2 138.81
1
12
3 93.0 62.00
963 107.8 71.00
2
49 109.6 87.39
30 86.5 57.85
3
23 1,057 109.3 71.77
11 195.1 132.20
2
7
30 288.7 124.58
10
65 130.3 82.52
3
19 114.5 95.05
1
17
1
4
94.3 57.70
99.9 57.66
4
785 106.3 82.16
18 1,310 92.8 54.67
28 6,616 100.8 59.08
17 3,076 123.8 76.65
9 911 201.6 103.13
4
626 116.7 95.23
6
297 107.5 71.07
37 4,880 131.3 76.20
2
11
2
7
3 135.6 75.00
1
1
1
5
1
4
26 84.6 56.91
45 143.8 71.14
11 195.1 132.20
30 288.7 124.58
1
13
15
6
104.0 72.50
139.6 79.37
208.0 148.67
259.0 144.17
11 845 91.1 52.81
12 1,591 103.0 57.00
9 1,714 134.4 83.10
8 904 201.0 102.78
3
18
199 102.9 71.17
929 146.3 71.73
5 366
17 3,242
i
2 260.0 156.00
22 2,020 129.2j 77.26
2
37 122.2 151.89
34 2,066 132.4 150.47
7
158 245.9 237.73
17 309 237.5 293.80
1
5 218.4 254.80
1
101
15
6
104.0 72.50
128.7 84.32
208.0 148.67
259.0 144.17
W A G E S A N D H O U R S OP LABOR I N P E T R O L E U M IN D U ST R Y .
New York, Pennsyl Illinois, Indiana, Ken
vania, and West Vir
tucky, and Ohio.
ginia.
1
4 260.0 123.75
!
2
53 96.0 54.56
►
........
124.0 62. £ 1
269.8
61 120.2
165 219.6
2
3
4 137.5 66.19
8 120.6 59.56
1
4
9 153.3 89.44
182 122.1 83.02
4 130.0 72.65
14 134.8 69.01
>
1
4
1 117.0 78.00
63 87.2 51.48
104.7
116.4
191.1
300.0
1
1
4 104.0 69.13
13 110.4 71.52
95.4
105.8
189.8
300.0
1
3
100.6
112.5
176.0
1
14 123.7 47.33
11 131.1
42 140.3
3
5
6 112.5 76.57
44 142.0 68.91
221 211.1
2 160.0
i
3
2
31
1
16.7 21.67
3
80.0 70.63
81.7 184.52
144.0 88.00i ___
12
110
9
44
10 1,150 221.8 141.81
19 875 282.0 137.62
1 360.0 180.00
1
2
44 92.5 141.08
15 103.6 112.37
2
117.0 66.92:
8
113.9 65.58
131.48
235.8
257.3 127.79i ........
20 124.2 78.83
181 112.9 61.32
4
76 108.8 85.33
9
492
6
319
5
77.0 85.56
141.3 136.21
219.0 204.33
223.0 238.51
208.8 226.20i
1
13
20 123.8 181.75
394 150.8 139.55
4
217 112.3 106.59
1
15 258.4 301.47
11
5
5
94
143
96
66
4
103.1 66.47
116.4 72.68;
13
191.6 128.95
252.3 136.40i____
46 136.0 97.60
217 136.0 78.21
4
88 110.1 93.57
7
7
5
5
76
147
64
53
96.4 91.05
98.3 78.32
129.8 103.42
145.9 111.82
52
319
79.9 .72.29
99.8 79.18
2
2
4
7
35
37
17
5
94.9 92.63
116.5 100.44
213.1 147.73
276.0 156.00
2
7
28 105.6 99.62
43 127.0 104.10
11
158
156
118
62
103.9 85.21
119.0 90.23
183.5 122.70
229.0 133.44
6
11
3
5
6
56
91
20
14
95.4 64.47
111.3 69.36
185.3 116. 46
162.4 88.87
7
15
7
9
136
360
176
186
97.6 70.56
125.6 73. 45
149.5 129.94
284.4 165.74
15
2
2
1 135.0 70.00
18 114.8 57.54
198 183.5 127.62
826 280.6 137.32
84.5 133.03
14
2
4
78.0
104.0
180.3
1
1
1
1
2
1
145.1
19 248.
3
15
CO--J
13 days..........
15 days..........
26 days..........
30 days..........
Other mechanics:
13 days..........
15 days..........
26 days..........
30 days.........
Mechanics’ helpers:
13 days................
15 days...............
26 days................
30 days................
Other employees :
13 days................
15 days................
26 days................
30 days................
18 154.
45 102.2
165 171.
182.5
i
5
5
4
51
4
9
5
2
65
166
196
5
106.3 127.92
94.6 84.64
157.6 135.13
174.8 92.00
3
17
8
5
36
390
28
44
123.3 73.45
113.0 67.22
258.9 136.90
257.3 127.79
2
38 119.7 137.11
29 1,346 135.9 123.43
7 171 219.6 178.69
15 334 224.6 241.33
5 208.8 226.20
1
10
23
7
5
144
468
115
66
114.4 .76.59
125.2 78.98
201.1 130.10
252.3 136.40
79 95.6 118.68
27 105.9 98.21
18
21
9
5
231
593
110
53
9a 7 93.10
98.6 75.64
150.9 116.23
145.9 118.82
2
2
48 101.2 113.46
8 105.1 104. 47
10
15
3
3
136
111
21
6
101.1 99.97
119.0 97.12
208.9 154.48
280.0 156.67
158 111.5 93.48
324 116.9 89.70
2
4
80 98.9 111.09
73 110.3 105.24
14
9
5
424
573
138
63
105.3 92.28
116.5 90.75
184.4 125.24
230.2 133.70
4
9
66 100.8 70.77
129 98.1 61.87
2
3
38 103.4 98.82
71 110.8 90.70
11
16
5
5
2pi
307
22
14
99.7 72.10
106.2 70.12
184.5 116. 78
162.4 88.87
5
20
73 112.0 106.88
589 124.9 75.22
4
226 113.6 89.17
23
GENERAL TABLES,
26 days.........
30 days.........
Rig builders:
13 days.........
15 days.........
26 days.........
30 days..........
Teamsters:
13 days..........
15 days..........
26 days..........
30 days..........
Tool dressers:
13 days.........
15 days........ .
26 days.........
30 days.........
31 days.........
Truck drivers:
13 days..........
15 days..........
26 days..........
30 days..........
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
13 days...
15 days...
26 days ..
30 day
13 226 104.3 S3.15
34 1,261 124.2 ' 76.64
12 397 183.8 141.31
10 188 283.1 164.94
cO
T a b le C .— A V E R A G E H O U R S A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A N D A V E R A G E E A R N IN G S R E C E I V E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S I N
D I S T R IC T , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D W O R K D A Y S IN P A Y -R O L L P E R I O D , 1920— Continued.
'
EACH
Oi
0
PIPE LINES.
Occupation and num
ber of workdays in Num Num
pay-roll period.
ber of ber of
estab- em
lish- ploy
m’ ts. ees.
Engineers and pumpers:
..........
7 days...
i3 days...................
15 days....................
26 days....................
30 days....................
Firemen:
7 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
30 days....................
Gaugers—deliverymen
and oil receivers:
6 days.....................
7 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
30 days.......1...........
Laborers, roustabouts,
etc.:
6 days.....................
12 days....................
13 days....................
14 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
30 days....................
Linemen:
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
1
4
1
3
1
31
Aver
age
hours
work
ed.
Arkansas, Louisiana,
and Texas.
Num Aver
Aver Num
ber of ber of age
age estab
earn lish em hours
work
ings. m’ts. ploy
ees. ed.
Aver Num
age ber of
earn estab
lish
ings. m’ts.
Dolls.
Dolls.
Dolls.
56.5 41.19
i
9
3 117.0 65.00
237 117.4 84.55
1
12 230.7 168.08
7
140 116.5 75.45
1
16 233.3 151.41
2
9
105 125.0 99.19
147 121.0 84.26
1
11 240.0 184.55
1
6
67.7 40.44
Num Aver
ber of age
em hours
ploy work
ees. ed.
115 114.6 77.39
3 116.7 74.90
70 204.7 137.33
1
1
i
5
1
2
4
13
26
90
119
11
60.0 47.84
54.8 37.98
127.3 102.36
132.8 88.79
224.7 180.13
240.0 163.18
1
51
53.7 23.73
5
239
79.0 36.70
10
1
3
1
15 132.0 62.07
279 119.3 58.52
1 172.5 98.33
2
1
88 99.8 92. i8
182 116.3 91.07
1
1
26
1
4
54 54.8 35.49
88 99.8 92.18
843 114.5 78.42
3 116.7 74.90
86 210.0 139.95
1
2
45 101.7 100.88
19 120.2 108.61
1
2
6
31
4
15
317
826
119
22
214 112.1 73.07
1
2
11
2 73.5 48.83
132 114.4 121.96
241 124.0 83.49
1
12
9 110.0 115.28
329 117.6 88.25
1
1
1
1
6 116.7 69.92
10 235.0 153.001
4
97.3 52.88
2 m o 74.00
4 150.0 86.25
6 255.0 157.33
5
5
554
47 101.1 68.11
32 141.7 83.52
1
3
2
483 33.4 14.45
1
152 58.1 23.22
8 4,980 81.0 40.99
1
23 41.7 28.70
8 224 88.9 51.58
1
730
3
190 101.9 74.36
17 85.0 59.96
94 118.6 75.02
1
1
14 83.7 76.40
5 120.0 104.89
3
5
Dolls.
1
3
9
30 78.1 36.32
1 240.0 108.00
Aver
age
earn
ings.
2
37 58.3 41.07
99 103.8 103.58
3
33 11498 119.5 87.82
31 198.7 138.16
1
69 233.9 175.58
4
192 113.7 75.10
86.5 47.19
Aver
age
hours
work
ed.
93 io2.4 105.34
195 119.7 104.62
7
52.2 28.28
Num
ber of
em
ploy
ees.
1
3
446 123.3 85.36
6
Num
Aver ber of
age estab
earn lish
ings. m'ts.
Dolls.
Dolls.
12
1
84.0 37.18
Aver
age
hours
work
ed.
Num
ber of
em
ploy
ees.
3 135.0 87.50
496 116.7 84.45
1
12
8 2,276
940
Total—all States.
» California.
Num
Aver ber of
age estab
earn lish
ings. m’ts.
54.8 35.49
5
1
3
2
3
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri,
Oklahoma, and Wyo
ming.
Num Aver
Aver Num
ber of ber of age
age estabhours
earn lish- em work
ings. nPts. ploy
ees. ed.
124 121.2 90.04
31 198.7 138.16
57 234.5 177.16
54
Illinois, Indiana, Ken
tucky, and Ohio.
76.3 60.56
60.0 47.84
57.3 39.42
117.0 109.63
121.8 86.68
224.7 180.13
240.0 173.86
540 35.5 15.48
4
152 .58.1 23.22
1
24 9,165 82.3 43.59
23 41.7 28.70
1
16 1,013 96.2 56.26
4 280 119.7 58.70
1 172.5 98.33
1
9
11
4
80 95.4 67.98
141 224.7 78.11
16 242.5 154.63
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
New Jersey, New York,
Pennsylvania, and
West Virginia.
1
1
4
V
2
1
1
1
14
5
33
3
15
3
4
56.0 34.08
107.2 82.87
145.2 71.44
223.3 130.00
246.0 131.33
17.0 8.05
65.0 28.48
32
4
1
3
82 122.1 80.90
5 182.0 116.78
29 231.9 157.63
1
1
2
1 5.0 2.50
1 130.0 72.50
3 150.0 70.83
1
4
1 20.0 16.00
4 81.0 67.05
1
1 260.0 164.67
1
2
2
1
5
3
3
2
1
2
2
1
1
36
16
141
2
2
2
1
1
6 94.2 44.00
55 124.6 72.21
1
4 240.0 145.00
3
90
40.9 20.03
1
1
11
4 60.0 30.00
5 130.0 78.50
161 120.1 71.29
11
228 125.9 72.62
6
74 113.0 70.46
7
151 105.6 68.73
2
i i 110.9 57.73
2
3
8
168 111.3 75.06
3 106.5 53.25
1
1
1
2
7
1
3
9 104.0 86.72
13 101.5 76.98
2
5
28
1
3
18
25
490
3
19
1
71 110.6 102.73
1
11
71 110.6 102.73
225 108.0 69.30
7 69. Q 47.86
6 135.0 69.42
1
2
4 106.0 86.67
4 97.5 75.45
1
7
6
1
3 17.0 8.05
105 46.2 24.74
21 115.2 64.44
3 106.5 53.25
8
192 110.0 73.94
1
1
13 104.4 100.40
8 107.0 84.22
1
1
21
1
4
32
13
557
5
35
93 100.7 66.04
26 123.7 68.30
4
4
51 121.0 75.42
52 104.9 63.08
1
3
12 102.0 87.56
15 96.3 74.96
1
12
13
1 5.0 2.50
161 107.5 70.48
101 110.6 66.53
97.5 79.50
81.7 75.42
6
4
90.7 77.17
78.5 73.51
1
3
19
6
92.8 99.07
87.3 85.61
1
19
11
1
1
1
368
56
1
1
20.0 16.00
93.0 78.44
81.5 75.79
260.0 164.67
72.0 49.50
18 99.6 103.26
13 102.8 101.48
1
11
11
2
5
121
43
4
48.0 39.00
111.0 93.77
118.7 100.50
250.0 190.00
96.7 96.36
98.6 72.72
1
17
17
1
1
1
583
202
141
3
56.0 47.84
93.8 73.58
110.7 79.90
103.5 52.49
240.0 185.00
56.2 36.75
6
107 115.7 76.70
1
6 240.0 160.00
3
1
4 103.8 58.88
5 120.0 65.40
6
4
6
1
9 101.6 59.33
1 120.0 82.50
7
4
io9
24
227
25
56.9 33.17
107.5 74.05
124.5 72.17
223.3 130.00
244.7 134.21
56.2 36.75
104.4 100.40
113.2 75.98
182.0 116.78
233.3 158.03
1
1 72.0 49.50
48.0 39.00
130.0 107.50
120.0 100.00
260.0 185.00
2
1
1
6 130.0 94.17
5 120.0 94.40
2 240.0 195.00
4
3
56 117.3 90.44
10 126.4 101.93
213 days
38 102.7 93.04
2
12 128.8 100.90
1
3
56.0
70.2
148.8
103.5
47.84
47.06
88.28
52.49
6
1
116 104.2 70.03
23 120.0 64.22
6
4
97 99.5 81.15
35 117.9 102.79
7
8
267 89.6 70.23
25 117.5 86.52
1
3
1
3 240.0 185.00
91.0 43.38
2
12 67.3 55.31
4
2
53 113.6 72.09
7 98.4 60.63
5
2
73 91.5 56.99
9 92.4 59.00
1
3
56 95.0 82.14
24 111.6 92.59
13
7
196 97.0 68.02
40 105.0 79.44
1
5
5 108.0 72.17
62 109.1 64.84
5
7
51 100.7 80.58
23 119.1 76.44
6
8
49 93.3 68.32
108 125.3 74.15
1
2
56 100.1 87.86
45 113.4 89.80
1
11
1
12
21
1
2
9
170
244
30
14
9 .66.7 34.50
9 128.9 85.30
6 136.7 77.62
30 124.7 87.67
3 241.3 158.98
2 3 4 .2 1 3 1 . 0 9
67
103
66.7 34.50
100.0 79.45
118.7 74.97
124.7 87.67
235.7 137.07
GENERAL TABLES.
Lint walkers:
7 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
30 days....................
Oilers:
13 days....................
15 days....................
Teamsters:
6 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
Telegraph operators:
7 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days....................
30 days....................
Truck drivers:
6 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
6 days...............
13 days.............
15 days.............
26 days.......... ..
30 days.............
Machinists—
7 days...............
.............
15 days.............
26 days.............
Other mechanics—
7 days...............
13 days.............
15 days.............
2fi days.
30 days.............
Mechanics’ helpers:
13 days...................
15 days...................
Other employees:
6 days.....................
13 days....................
15 days....................
26 days..................
30 days...................
52
T able
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
AVERAGE HOURS ACTUALLY W ORKED AND AVERAGE EARN
A N D W O R K D A Y S I N P A Y -R O
REFINERIES.
Massachusetts, N e w
Jersey, and New
York.
Occupation and number Num
of workdays in pay
ber Num
period.
ber Aver
age Aver
of
of hours
age
esem
work earn
tablish- ploy ed. ings.
m’ts. ees.
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Num
ber
of
establishm’ts.
Illinois, Indiana, and
Ohio.
Num
Num Aver
ber age Aver ber
of
of hours age
esem
earn tabploy work
ings.
lishees. ed.
m’ts.
Num Aver
ber
age Aver
of
age
em hours
earn
ploy work
ings.
ed.
ees.
REFINING.
Clay roasters:
12 days.........................
13 days..........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
Coal passers and ashmen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
Engineersand chiller men:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days............. ...........
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
Filterers:
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
Firemen and assistant en
gineers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
30 days.........................
Gaugers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
30 days.........................
Molders:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
13 days.........................
15 days.........................
Molders (female):
13 days.........................
Oilers:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
Pressmen:
6 days...........................
7 days...........................
12 days.........................
14 days.........................
15 days.........................
16 days.........................
Press runners:
7 days...........................
14 days.........................
Dolls.
Dolls.
3
13 101.9 94.27
2
1
3 104.0 70.93
3
14 115.1 72.43
2
48 124.2 73.34
1
84 107.6 62.15
1
3
2
3
37
97
3 114.3 71.61
54.8 35.70
49.3 30.14
95.3 76.01
DoUs.
1
2
1
4
2
4
2
7
32
34
50.1 33.33
54.5 44.04
98.1 103.62
2
2
1
14 49.7 49.92
17 56.3 41.11
1 92.0 67.50
2
12 114.5 127.38
3
1
1
56 116.7 83.42
8 132.3 81. 85
4 114.0 80.66
2
2
4
2
1
2
3
2
1
2
2
7
96.0 94.99
1 104.0 80.00
23
99.6 75.65
20 114.8 69.28
262
79.4 51.32
3
13 114.7 98.31
6
38 117.4 95.84
1
16 113.1 72.84
2
20 131.6 85.41
52.3 27.84
53.7 37.34
94.2 86.31
1
2
1
113 47.5 39.71
35 54.7 37.73
13 108.4 63.36
55 109.5 73.68
3
1
2
366 i09.4 71.69
3 120.3 72.20
14 125.1 75.68
2
30 130.2 91.12
7
761 105.5 77.36
1
1
1 117.0 62.50
3 120.0 75.00
3
15 119.1 81.10
1
9
2
35
14
311
525
4
9
7
11
25
32
53.8 31.24
55.7 34.12
97.0 83.86
48.2 31.45
52.0 37.86
96.2 77.92
93.1 69.36
2
1
1
2
1 56.0 31.60
13 92.4 91.49
7 115.8 83.61
2
2
2
1
5 45.5
20 51.6
94 93.5
9 100.7
1
1
1
1
3 48.0 36.29
3 56.0 43.68
6 103.4 67.34
16 112.5 76.28
99.1 73.63
8 103.9 62.95
j
i
. i
1
3
11
25.19
38.32
86.62
63.27
56.0 39.02
1
7
50.4 45.02
3
1
1
45 95.7 77.55
3 102.3 65.94
3 128.0 80.00
i
8 108.5 74.24
6
111 104.7 83.77
'53
GENERAL TABLES.
IN G S R E C E I V E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S I N E A C H D I S T R I C T , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S
L L P E R I O D , 1920^-Continned.
REFINERIES.
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
ana Wyoming.
Num
ber
of
establishm’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Louisiana and Texas.
Num
Aver
ber Num
ber
age Aver of
of
age
eshours earn
em
work ings. tabed.
lish- ploy
m ’ts. ees.
Num
Num
Aver
Aver ber
ber
of
age
age
of
eshours earn
em
work
tabed. ings. lish- ploy
m ’ts. ees.
1 141.0 85.31
9
28 118.9 77.08
1
158
82.8 39.15
1
7
54.9 39.25
1
i3
96.3 97.88
53 121.0 96.91
1
2 120.0 94.51
114 118.5 88.19
3
1
3 108.0 113.68
7
23 122.2 77.75
5
15 117.9 85.46
5
67.4 40.27
1
1
1
155
98.6 75.22
3
22
206 115.3 77.26
1
3 240.0 159.78
1
16
1
1
1
1
s
1 94.5 42.00
52 114.3 75.02
2 240.0 167.50
4 126.3 81.08
6 82.5 47.03
3 120.0 66.00i
41 117.1 70.94
12
10
268
56.0 36.15
56.8 31.24
92.9 86.37
21
507 116.7 79.42
1
1
1
3
14
6 63.7 43.54
3 57.3 31.53
13 107.7 103.45
6 101.6 67.10
92 118.9 79.16
1
4 104.0 100.75
1
3 112.0 104.65
1
79 102.4 92.93
3
47 118.0 92.63
1
3
1
4
1
2 101.5 110.60
9 118.7 81.04
15
2
D o lls .
2
3
Total—all States.
Num
Aver Aver ber Num
ber Aver Aver
age
age
of
of
age
hours age
es
hours
em
earn
earn
work
work
tab
ings.
ed. ings. lish ploy
ed.
m ’ts. ees.
D o lls .
D o lls.
1
California.
23 125.3 82.39
2 122.0 77.17
1
33
3
13 112.0i 81.80
92.5 69.42
4 104.0 81.72
16 113.1 88.23
5
98.0 81.05
D o lls .
5
4
4
14
2
16
4
17
60
48
104.2
112.0
113.2
111.5
124.2
1
3
3
1
1
4
3
37
255
20
84
262
54.8
49.3
87.5
114.8
107.6
79.4
5
6
4
5
5
26
1
28
49
48
19
68
216
4
51.1 43.11
55.1 43.02
97.5 101.31
113.0 98.42
116.3 91.17
119.4 91.67
114.0 80.66
3
1
12
2
10
16
38
20
99.6 100.60
113.1 72.84
120.5 80.79
131.6 85.41
4
139
9
361
4
806
6
264
4
421
54 1,524
2
14
1
3
48.7 38.21
54.1 37.25
94.0 85.96
103.3 82.33
109.4 71.95
111.0 78.49
125.1 75.68
240.0 159.78
3
4
3
6
37
1
10
12
20
12
178
2
59.8 38.62
56.1 33.47
104.0 96.60
103.1 69.50
117.1 78.86
240.0 167.50
1
2
3
2
7
11
25
41
9
64
48.2
52.0
95.5
110.6
106.9
2
8
103.9
62.95
1
2
2
3
2
3
4
19
23
5
48.0
56.0
95.9
113.5
120.8
36.29
40.66
83.87
78. 51
70.47
3
2
3
4
19
1
12
20
127
54
168
3
48.4
51.6
93.3
96.5
108.3
128.0
36.76
38.32
82.15
75.17
80.17
80.00
3
1
11
8
56.0
108.5
39.02
74.24
90.02
96.63
72.16
77.13
73.34
35.70
30.14
53.17
69.28
62.15
51.32
31.45
37.86
76.04
81.06
74.28
54
W A G E S A N D H O U R S OF LABOR I N P E T R O L E U M IN D U S T R Y .
T a b l e C .— A V E R A G E H O U R S A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A N D A V E R A G E E A R N
A N D W O R K D A Y S I N P A Y -R O
R E F IN E R IE S—Continued.
Massachusetts, N e w
Jersey,
and
New
York.
Occupation and number Num
of workdays in pay
ber
period.
of
es
tablishm ’ts.
b e f in in g —
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Num Num
Num
Aver
ber Aver Aver ber
ber Aver
age
age
of
age
of hours
age
of
esearn
em work earn tab- em hours
ings. lish- ploy work ings.
ployed.
ed.
ees.
ees.
m ’ts.
Illinois,
Num
ber
of
es
tab
lish
m ’ts.
Indiana, and
Ohio.
Num
ber Aver Aver
age
of hours
age
em work earn
ings.
ploy ed.
ees.
continued.
Pumpmen:
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
30 days.,..........................
Pumpmen’ s helpers:
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
Repairmen:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
Retort, acid, and kettle
men:
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
Still inspectors:
7 days..............................
12 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
Stillmen:
6 days..............................
7 days.............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
. 30 days............................
Stillmen’s a s s i s t a n t s ,
chargers, and headers-up:
6 days.............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
Sweatermen:
6 days.............................
7 days.............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
Testers:
6 days..............................
7 days.............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days................. *.........
15 days............................
30 days............................
D o ll s .
3
4
3
11 48.9 33.16
81 54.5 38.21
202 101.9 92.68
1
58 108.8 77.78
1
1
1
1
3
1
2
22
11
2
1
83
2
9
D o ll s .
55.1
53.1
130.5
117.0
113.5
177.0
130.7
47.20
44.09
84.83
61.75
77.16
107.20
84.73
2
2
3
2
9
81
54.2 33.25
51.8 34.14
96.4 87.61
1
1
1
9 46.2 35.08
16 56.6 44.75
4 111.5 66.70
2
39 110.7 75.87
1
94 109.2 66.38
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
16
53.8 43.70
96.5 86.01
1
2 119.0 70.66
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
2
3 45.3 40.26
2 58.0 40.60
1 144.0 64.92
8 119.4 80.09
D o ll s .
3
6
1
1
1
4
3
2
87.0 74.20
77 107.6 93.04
1
23
51.7 38.11
93.0 53.99
1 126.5 94.62
4
15
44.8 23.45
54.9 36.02
99.4 102.48
3 112.5 82.91
6
2 56.0 52.08
4 96.0 99.96
7 119.9 137.90
1
56.0 38.51
54. 2 45.49
94.9 106.96
1
2
16
30
32 112.2 96.61
3
1
2
55 113.0 83.20
9 128.2 78.49
9 138.2 99.89
1
1
22
35
3
81
132
6 240.0 279.17
33
150
53.2 39.02
90.4 81.86
1
2 156.0 112.32
7
201 109.7 100.75
6
315 102.8 85.98
46.9 43.35
55.9 41.34
2
1
1
3
2
1
12
29
1
5
1
1
1
6 116.3 81.47
3 107.7 72.09
3 128.0 72.00
8
3
4 112.0 86.24
47.8 53.42
55.7 50.41
23 109.9 80.95
60.2 49.02
55.7 40.09
96.2 92.83
97.7 101.58
6 105.4 89.00
1
2
1
111.2 102.76
2
1
1
3
2
6
94 107.5 95.19
119 111.7 77.53
3 120.0 75.00
41.6 35.52
1
2 152.0 101.04
6
23 114.5 96.80
3
15 110.7 65.98
48.0 27.44
56.0 33.60
•
2
12
1
14 110.3 67.33
98.9 53.57
55
GENERAL TABLES.
IN G S R E C E I V E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S I N E A C H D I S T R I C T . B Y O C C U P A T IO N S
L L P E R I O D , 1920— Continued,
R E F IN E R IE S—Continued.
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
and Wyoming.
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ts.
Louisiana and Texas.
Num
Num
ber Num
ber Aver Aver
ber
age
of
of
age
of
hours
em work earn esem
ploy
ings. tab- ploy
ed.
lishees.
m ’ts. ees.
D o lt s .
2
20
1
1
14
Num Num
Aver Aver ber
ber
age
of
age
of
hours earn
es
em
work ings. tate
ed.
lish- ploy
ees.
m/ts.
D o ll s .
1
1
1
5 50.8 37.40
5 67.2 35.08
47 100.5 101.12
18
169 121.3 87.80
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
age
hours earn eswork ings. tablished.
m ’ts.
38
97
251
98
141
449
10
3
52.7 41.85
55.0 38.72
101.9 94.20
102.6 94.03
111.6 77.42
116.4 85.70
130.4 85.86
240.0 160.00
3
3
4
5
3
16
1
11
25
85
25
133
166
2
47.7
54.9
97.1
102.9
109.6
111.6
119.0
34.75
40.93
86.62
88.35
69.16
83. 48
70.66
1 120.0 92.40
2
4
2
1
2
4
19
9
1
3
52.2
95.9
83.0
126.5
118.0
39.51
82.79
52.18
94.62
75.73
19 123.7 89.45
2
2
2
3
6
7
17
7
11
43
45.0
55.3
105.8
117.5
109.7
30.65
36.56
97.12
80.86
93.48
1
1
3
2
2
4
13
6
56.0 52.08
96.0 99.96
113.2 115. 33
118.7 99.30
3
8
3
5
4
54
2
2
29
121
222
91
87
637
9
9
51.0 50.47
55.8 46.94
94.9 108.46
106.8 103.61
112.7 88.13
115.5 96.94
138.2 99.89
240.0 244.44
2
6
4
4
3
41
24
71
249
133
142
725
47.5
54.6
92.7
101.3
111.4
111.4
2
3
3
2
1
16
1
6
12
33
7
6
56
3
44.7
55.7
96.2
116.6
116.3
117.8
128.0
2
2
2
7
1
18
1
8
6
12
38
14
60
1
48.0 27.44
56.0 29.93
98.9 53.57
98.2 65.08
110.3 67.33
115.0 69.77
270.0 265.00
1
77 102.8 95.97
3
23 119.6 100.21
8 106.0 85.96
1
1 107.0 67.80
1
14 103.1 93.20
8
43 112.6 72.24
5
43 117.5 76.66
1
3 114.7 96.78
1
9
1
2 117.0 67.40
1
4
1
2
6
70.0 48.72
3
67 106.5 102.05
22
179 116.1 89.72
1
3 240.0 175.00
1
3
56.0
35.0
3
117 101.2 86.85
19
166 115.3 80.35
1
1
1
21
16 114.3 72.78
54.5 49.35
65.6 47.58
95.0 110.66
211 119.6 97.39
2
53.5 22.07
1
99
96.3 98.03
12
3
1
224 120.1 83.71
4
96.0 91.53
14 129.4 95.12
3
56.0 26.27
92.7 59.07
5
17 104.9 72.50
2
21
8
1
16 1.23. 8 81.36
1 270.0 265.00
7
29 112.4 65.34
1
1 120.0 112.70
2 132.0 i25.40
10
4
90
1
1
6
92.5 88.80
83.0 52.18
1
D o ll s .
D o ll s .
2
2
Num
ber Aver Aver
age
age
of
hours
em work earn
ings.
ploy ed.
ees.
5
6
5
7
4
48
3
1
96.6 81.88
161 115.2 75.62
1 128.0 96.00
3 240.0 160.00
Total—all States.
California.
1
22 103.3 107.55
3
37 117.4 113.02
1
16 102.0 96.73
3
27 117.5 93.76
1
5 102.4 93.28
s
41.58
40.00
88.29
88.04
78.08
84.31
37.77
40.09
92.67
95.49
81.47
88.19
72.00
56
T able
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
C.—A V E R A G E
HOURS ACTUALLY W ORKED AND AVERAGE EARN
A N D W O R K D A Y S I N P A Y -R O
REFINERIES—Continued.
Massachusetts,
Jersey,
and
York.
Occupation and number
Num
of workdays in pay
ber
period.
of
establishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
N ew
New
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
age
hours earn eswork ings. tabed.
lishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Aver
age
hours
work
ed.
Illinois,
Num
Aver ber
of
age
earn estabings. lishm ’ts.
Indiana, and
Ohio.
Num
ber Aver-5Aver
age
of
age
em hours earn
ploy work ings.
ed.
ees.
refining —continued.
Testers (female):
12 days............................
Testers’ assistants:
D o ll s .
1
1
48.0 41.50
13 days............................
15 days............................
Treaters:"
6 days..............................
3
7 davs..............................
3
12 days............................
3
13 davs_______________
14 days............................i..........
15 days............................ ............
4 48.4 33.72
11 52.8 43.75
17 102.71 08.44
30 days............................
Treaters’“helpers:
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
6
10
22
Water purifiers:
12 days..................._____
14 days............................
15 days............................
Water tenders:
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days..
. . I.............
14 days............................
15 days............................
FILLING,
PACKING,
SHIPPING.
1
2
2
1
5
92.8 51.96
1
8
99.9 40.94
2
10
49.3 47.06
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
16
9
3
112.3 83.44
126.0 80.50
110.5 78.87
126.7 103.22
128.0 84.00
D o ll s .
1
5
24
72
53.1 32.26
57.1 39.21
93.6 88.39
88.2 72.27
54.2 43.72
94.2 97.60
3 112.0 67.35
1
6 128.5 96.29
3
5 108.8 89.22
6
23 116.7 108.88
1
4
2 135.0 85.20
33 105.3 86.18
6 112.0 75.80
1
1
8
12
1
39 108.9 78.89
48.0 47.25
56.0 45.34
1
19 109.1 113.41
5
23 123.7 96.80
2
13
94.3 62.24
5
43
92.3 56.91
1
52
89.6 34.30
AND
Branders and painters:
6 d a y s ............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
Branders and painters (fe
male):
12 days............................
Fillers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
Fillers (female):
13 days............................
Inspectors:
6 days..............................
12 days..
13 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
30 days............................
Nailers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
Nailers (female):
12 days............................
1
3
3
D o ll s .
1
1
3
1
31
54.3 34.50
94.3 76.81
1
2
1
4
3
1
3
1
2
12
24
50.3 30.72
97.2 79.13
1 59.0 40.12
4 102.0 91.97
6 48.2 28.06
3 109.5 87.27
57.8 35.41
5
23 101.5 55.85
1
97.5 51.45
2
2
2
10 51.5 32.56
29 107.4 65.00
12 115.9 66.52
3
1
7 50.1 37.17
13 108.8 75.11
1
2
95.8 57.07
1
3
88.0 44.17
2
8 104.9 97.44
1
7
98.3 6 5.74
57
GENERAL TABLES.
I N G S R E C E I V E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S I N E A C H D I S T R I C T , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S
L L P E R I O D , 1920— Continued.
R EFIN ER IE S —Continued.
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
and Wyoming.
Num
ber
of
estab
lishm ’ts.
Num
ber Aver Aver
age
of
age
em hours
work earn
ploy- ed. ings.
ees.
j
Louisiana and Texas.
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
D o ll s .
1
4
1
5
11
2
90.4 46.07
99.5 58.00
74.8 48.59
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
age
hours earn
work
tabed. ings. lishm ’ts.
D o ll s .
48.0
99.9
90.4
105.2
41.50
40.94
46.07
67.15
3
56.0 52.36
6
5 99.2 107.12
1 104.0 74:36
2
6 103.5 104.71
48 123.7 96.08
2
8 113.4 108.94
4
1 270.0 200.00
1
1
1
6
1
6
3
4
2
2
12 101.6 94.88
9 117.4 92.61
1
25 104.0 102.96
5
37 119.1 88.03
2
9 118.8 96.43
92.8 67.16
3
8 100.5 49.25
2
1 100.0 56.00
6 104. 9 63. 37
1
1
5
2
6 47 3 20. 59
10 106.1 53.67
32 100.8 68.40
9 99.2 71.30
99.6 91.62
9
1
48
1
1
2
54.0 29. 70
9 105.1 103.03
1 132.3 96.25
49 120.4 80. 97
13 121.1 79.48
11
1
8
5
1
1
11 115.4 68.12
51.96
1
1
17
1
92. 8
1
6
4 114.0 111.4
5
D o ll s .
5
93.5 48.62
56 121.0 90.49
4
11
94.5 70.11
21
17
13
24
17
16
144
3
1
7
10
22
.
31
21
122
1
1
4
13
1
3
2
3
2
17
8
36
72
55
42
80
6
5
6
5
2
1
1
13 105.0 77.98
3 92.0 59. 40
1 128.0 156.00
1 270. 0 175.00
1
5
1
1
1 103.5 89.01
1 120.0 90.00
44
94.9 ! 69.72
1
37.4 29.60
3
5 103.1 86.61
]
_____1_____
1
1
62.0 44.92
31.89
39.21
92.64
92.45
80.91
88.2
112.0
121.1
72.27
75.80
79.48
48.0
54.8
47.25
44.26
97.60
104.9 104.31
109.1 78.07
119.9 88176
57.2
97.4
95.6
97.5
51 45
17
4
28
63
132
15
50.1
103.3
97.5
101.5
29.21
68.58
64.83
68.12
7
4
53.2
57.1
96.9
109.2
114.7
6
5
8
1
1
2
50.3 44.86
56.2 44.49
102.8 106.08
108.9 98.52
110.5 78.87
121.1 97.11
128.0
270.0 200.00
54
36
2
1
Num
Averber Average
of
em- hours earnwork ings.
ploy- ed.
1
4
2
4
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
1
21
6 112.0 89.39
31 114.8 71.79
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
hours age ■eswork earn tabed. ings. lishm ’ts.
D o ll s .
1
1
2
10
Total—all States.
California.
6
35.26
67.88
62 31
1
52
34.30
5
4
11
3
1
1
13
17
27
4
1
1
45.9 34.48
107.2 79.08
104.6 85.76
99.0 67.05
128.0 156.00
270 0 175.00
1
3
6
2
5
8
48.2
104.0
93.8
28.06
75.19
63.14
1
3
88.0
44.17
58
WAGES ADD HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e C ___ A V E R A G E H O U R S A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D A N D A V E R A G E E A R N
A N D W O R K D A Y S I N P A Y -R O
R E F IN E R IE S—Continue d.
Massachusetts,
Jersey,
and
York.
Occupation and number Num
of workdays in pay
ber Num
period.
ber
of .
of
esem
tablish- ploy
m ’ts. ees.
FILLING,
PACKING,
N ew
New
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
age
hours earn
eswork ings. tabed.
lishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Illinois,
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
hours age
eswork earn tabed. ings. lishm'ts.
Indiana, and
Ohio.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Aver
age Aver
hours age
work earn
ed. ings.
AND
s h i p p i n g — concluded.
Packers:
6 days............................ :
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
Packers (’female):
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
Tank-car’loaders:
6 days..............................
7 dav s..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
30 days............................
Testers:
12 days............................
Weighers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
D o lls .
3
2
24
7
44.7 27.61
87.7 74.88
1
1
75
48
39.6 13.07
91.3 43.01
2
1
2
8
2
12
51.0 31.85
57.3 35.75
95.3 67.41
D o ll s .
1
2
1 52.0 38.88
16 107.2 80.91
1
12
78.8 32.62
3
23
54.5 36.14
3
1
33 111.9 67.11
1
9.0 5.18
1
1 149.0 122.18
1
4
81.3 65.12
1
9
93.3 50.*45
1
3
1
17
59.0 33.21
98.3 74.37
2
13
52.2 36.06
D o ll s .
1
5
97.5 72.63
1
40
99.9 42.96
7,
31 104.7 61.63
1
2
4 i05.0 78.47
11 103.0 65.32
TRANSPORTATION— R A I L ROAD, MOTOR, AND TEAM.
Brakemen:
5 days..............................
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
Chauffeurs:
6 days.............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days........................
15 days............................
16 days............................
30 days............................
Conductors:
5 days.............................
6 days.............................
12 days............................
15 days............................
Engineers, railroad:
5 days..............................
6 days.............................
12 days.......................
13 days...........................
15 days............................
Firemen:
5 days..............................
6 days..........................
12 days........................
13 days............................
15 days. . ........................
Teamsters and drivers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
Trackmen:
6 days...................... „ ...
12 days............................
13 days............................
1
2
3
7
50.0 32.0
59.3 39.43
46.5 29.74
2
5
53.5 36.97
99.5 78.45
3
1
3
36 106.1 101.07
3
21
3
30
1
1
2
1
2
1 66.0 54.80
11 110.2 127.30
2 66.0 56.04
21 109.9 120.96
3
11 108.9 105.96
3
1
19 45.7 27.57
4 108.7 87.97
1
31 114.3 69.41
1 99.0 57.75
1
1
1
2
50.0 34.00
61.8 42.69
1
2
1
6
70.0 53.70
53.8 41.43
1
1
1
2
50.0 30.50
65.0 40.18
1
2
1
2
89.0 72.58
6
47 116.8 76.41
1
12 116.3 Ii9.09
1
12 142.8 146.14
1
14 118.5 96.95
3
2
24 103.6 56.25
2 138.0 81.97
1
48
8 53.4 34.27
118 110.6 65.04
12
44.7 27.80
8 101.0 74.74
.....................
85.2 47.37
59
GENERAL TABLES.
IN G S R E C E IV E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S IN EAC H D IST R IC T , B Y OCCUPATIONS
LL P E R IO D , 1920—-Continued.
R E F IN E R IE S—Continued.
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
and Wyoming.
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Louisiana and Texas.
Num
Aver Aver ber
age
of
age
hours earn eswork
tabings.
ed.
lishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
D o lls .
2
2 80.0 66.00
3 123.3 71.83
3
45.7 27.40
8
is 109.5 64.34
15
1
1
49 119.1 72.80
3 121.3 103.33
2 240.0 167.50
I
1
2
11
3
1
1
Num
Aver
ber
age Aver
of
age
hours earn
eswork
tabed. ings. lishm ’ts.
51
29
7
3
2
54.3 31.70
105.7
112.1
137.2
253.8
68.15
70.89
110.89
162.50
1
1
1
3
3 49.8 27.41
7 46.3 25.23
12 106.8 56.05
15 98.4 62.18
12
27 121.0 76.35
16 116.8 75.02
2
4 164.6 74.10
4
3
2
1
1
5
2
1
1
3
1
5
D o lls .
69.8 41.62
1 112.0 69.44
1 133.0 66.50
3
Total—all States.
Num
ber Aver Aver
age
of
age
em hours earn
work
ploy ed. ings.
ees.
D o ll s .
1
1
2
California.
9 49.1 27.89
2 84.0 35.00
15 94.2 69.25
36 114.5 78.68
3 90.7 58.33
2 50.0 41.94
7 105.7 i27.59
7 115.5 97.84
2 135.3 107.25
2
1
5 125.0 88.86
3 119.7 89.75
3
2
19 110.3 71.10
5 110.4 62.19
4
2
4
11
98.9 84.89
10 100.2 73.57
31 102.4 83.41
3 101.0 88.93
65
93.7 69.17
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ts.
Num
ber Aver
age Aver
of
age
em hours
work earn
ings.
ploy
ed.
ees.
D o ll s .
4
5
2
2
25
74
7
3
45.0
79.61
92.5
123.3
28.06
53.27
70.73
71.83
1
2
1
75
60
40
39.6
88.8
99.9
13.07
40.93
42.96
8
2
6
23
1
27
1
1
37
9
57
76
1
76
3
2
2
13
89.6
54.96
3
3
5
3
14
17
15
12
52.7
98.3
102.3
105.5
35.86
74.37
74.60
65.42
1
2
3
1
3
7
36
2
50.0 32.00
59.3 39.43
106.1 101.07
89.0 72.58
9
1
7
27
5
1
1
38
2
76
144
10
3
2
48.7 30.41
84.0 35.00
104.5 72.95
110.8 76.69
105.7 67.13
137.2 110.89
253.8 162.50
1
2
2
1
1
3
11
12
50.0 34.00
63. 2 46.72
110.2 127.30
116.3 119.09
1
4
3
5
2
1
10
28
10
14
70.0 53.70
55.5 44.45
108.9 122.62
111.1 95.17
141.7 140.58
1
1
3
2
2
1
2
11
5
17
50.0 30.50
65.0 40.18
108.9 105.96
125.0 88.86
118.7 95.68
4
3
15
4
27
122
124
7
48.0
110.5
101.1
118.3
29.56
65.80
67.72
67.84
1
1
3
12
8
52
44.7
101.0
86.7
27.80
74.74
48.47
52.6 33.80
48.7 27.57
107.3 64.84
102.5 65.00
149.0 122.18
119.8 74.06
121.3 103.33
240.0 167.50
60
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able C .— A V E R A G E H O U R S A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D AN D A V E R A G E E A R N
AN D W O R K D A Y S IN P A Y -R O
REFINERIES—Continued.
Massachusetts, N e w
Tersey,
and
New
York.
Maryland, Pennsylvania? and West Vir
ginia.
Occupation and number Num
Num
Num
of workdays in pay
her
period.
ber Aver Aver ber
age
of
of
of
esem hours earn eswork
tabtablish- ploy ed. ings. lishees.
mt’s.
m ’ts.
Num
ber Aver Aver
age
of
age
em hours
work earn
ploy ed. ings.
ees.
Illinois,
Indiana, and
Ohio.
Num
ber Num Averber
of
age Aver
of
age
esem hours earn
work
tablish- ploy* ed. ings.
m ’ts.
MISCELLANEOUS
LABOR,
MAINTENANCE, AND RE
PAIR.
Blacksmiths:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
26 days............................
Boiler makers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
26 days............................
Boiler makers’ helpers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days............................
26 days............................
Bricklayers and masons:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
26 days............................
Carpenters:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
26 days............................
Coopers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
Crane operators:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
Crane riggers:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
Driving-machine operators:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
Electricians:
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days...........................
14 days............................
15 days............................
Helpers:1
6 days..............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
D o ll s .
42.6 33.78
102.3 111.02
102
273
45.8 35.69
92, 4,104.,57
108.0 97.42
105
365
44.0 29.70
90.4 71.44
44.8 40.39
89.2 104.99
35
148
45.5 31. 83
93.4 91.14
48.6 31. 41
89.2 76.74
48
49.3
87.0
112.5
104.0
141.0
51.64
64.57
69.69
79.96
108.0
134 48.9 35.02
251 88.2 55.04
1 117.0 61.75
5 116.2 86.45
166
89.6 80.87
i42.0 108’ 66
47.9 49. 34
93.6 79.70
128.0 71.97
68
100.57
50.9 47.44
95.6 74.11
117.6 69. 52
108
50.
101.9
121.0
142.9
38. 73
70.11
70.04
91.92
60.5 39.16
93.5 64.35
95.8 67.97
54.3 34.66
115.0 72.27
47.0 28.52
57.5 38.53
87.6 62.49
98.7 84.'i6
76.6 54. 74
91.6 75.98
94.44
D o ll s
580
61.9 53.98
105.0 77.91
1 Not including boiler makers’ and pipe fitters’ helpers.
39.55
71.79
69.55
91.13
56.3 47,63
100.7 111.96
47.5 32.46
56.0 50.00
89.6 87.79
50
1
311
D o lls .
45.4
97.3
117.0
121.5
81.!
67.97
48.80
120.2
1.65
142.8 112.86
46.7 35.70
100.3 80.57
118.3 67.28
112.0 93.72
160.5 112.45
101.4 84.07
ii7.*8 lii.'ei
96.0 54. 21
291
i29*5 74.'27
61
GENERAL TABLES.
IN G S R E C E IV E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S IN EACH D IS T R IC T , B Y OCCUPATIONS
LL P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
R EFINER IE S—Continued.
Num
ber
of
establishm’ts.
Num Aver
ber
age Aver
of
age
em hours earn
work
ploy ed. ings.
ees.
D o ll s .
12
1
39
99.6 86.40
1
9
31.5 35. 50
89
90.6 87.69
2
1
2 123.5 130.32
4 90.5 73.50
2
8
32.1 31.97
107
88.8 64.67
2
1
2
17
1
1
3
19
2
1
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ts.
2
1
8
3
1
9
1
D o lls .
4
6
23
3
1
6
15
372
446
35.1 38.20
81.9 65.94
96.2 73.57
94
97.2 101.06
9
5
40
2
5
1
196
414
529
3
7
4
45.9 41.75
90.4 98.49
95.3 90.24
106.7 91.60
122.3 111.66
90.5 73.50
4
142
91.8 75.94
262
10
988
5
30 1,276
1
5
2
3
2
1
45.6
88.7
86.2
116.2
113.7
129.0
32.98
65.20
64.52
86.45
74.45
73.25
2
1
8
1
9
62
196
4
40.0
82.3
80.0
19.6
2
25
95.7 121.42
10
6
34
2
1
68
174
348
5
3
44.6
87.6
85.1
39.7
29.3
45.55
95.98
96.98
41.59
49.87
3
1
10
25
63
258
38.2 31.59
78.9 74.42
97.9 87. 21
4
96
83.0 79.98
13
7
42
2
1
132
296
560
2
5
44.3 38.78
90.9 82.69
91.0 81.05
114.0 89.95
147.8 149.60
33
83.5 70.55
3
6
11
3
63
106
59
11
49.8
90.1
92.6
138.1
5
4
7
3
8
21
50
8
1
4
6
17
97
90
60.5
92.6
88.6
39. f6
70.10
69.06
1
2
4
5
54.3
107.3
34.66
70.55
10
1
5
23
2
5
39
1
87
107
6
11
*
3 113.7 74.45
2 129.0 73.25
6
33.3 46.67
58 86.9 108. 73
1 120.0 80. 40
3 29.3 49.87
24
35.7 39.09
90 88.3 81.30
2 114.0 89.95
5 147.8 149.60
43.38
92.77
89.28
31.89
13 80.6 59.03
11 106.8 97.57
1
1 40.00 33.00
2
5
97.6 93.41
1
7 128.3 113.30
1
1 108.0 65.88
1
14
42.0 34.75
97.8 83.31
98.9 87.24
121.5 91.13
231.0 127.66
4
6 108.5 si. 5i
2 116.5 80.75
3
12 99.96 96.70
20
41
116
1
1
9 32.9 33.07
86 86.2 100.36
176 101.6 95.06
92.0 98.50
14
12
11
75.6 44. 71
41.9 48.54
3
7
49.1 50.40
99.3 92.18
1
5
18
43
98. 4 104. 76
99.3 92.45
4 120. 0 79.00
45.1 29.37
3
61
39.4 20.09
107 101.4 72. 77
1
8
2
359
533
3
87.5 49.39
96.7 62.17
64.0 38.87
15
70312°— 22— Bull. 297------ 5
D o lls,.
8
5
32
1
1
4
3
2
2
D o ll s .
34.5 28. 52
93.3 91.66
96.9 90.01
2
1
9
Total—;all States.
Num
Num Num
Num
Num
ber Aver Aver ber
ber Aver Aver ber
ber Aver Aver
age
of
age
age
of
of hours age
of hours age
of
age
eseshours
em
work earn tab- em work earn tab- em work earn
ploy ed. ings. lish- ploy
ings.
ings. lish- ploy ed.
ed.
ees.
ees.
m’ts. ees.
m’ts.
2
2
California.
1 231.0 127.66
19
13
Louisiana and Texas.
3
1
3
1 104.00 102.09
77
90.0 72.35
3
26 103.2 100.25
1
3 106.6 111. 69
4
1
279
3
97.8 78.32
90. 3 72.58
12
224
1
1
6
827
33 1,210
4
10
£ 8 8 8 S88SS8E 88 8SS 88 88 $5258 8 8 8 8 5 238888 8S S 888 88 8
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
and Wyoming.
36.98
73.57
75.18
89.89
57.1 48.98
102.5 97.32
118.8 101.00
142.8 112.86
45.6 42.12
56.0 50.00
94.5 89.23
101.1 91.96
112.5 , 94.08
119.4 99.85
46.7
57.5
89.1
96.6
98.1
28.98
38.53
55.23
67.44
63.14
62
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able
AVERAG E HOURS ACTU ALLY W O RKED AND AVE R AG E EARN
A N D W O R K D A Y S IN P A Y -R O
REFINERIES—Continued.
Massachusetts, N e w
Jersey,
and
New
York.
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois,
Indiana
Ohio.
and
Occupation and number Num
Num Num
Num
Num
of workdays in pay
Num
Aver
ber
ber Aver Aver ber
Aver ber
ber
ber Aver Aver
period.
age
of
age
of
of
age
of
age
of hours age
of
age
eshours
esesem
earn
em work earn
em hours
earn
tabwork
work
tabtablish- ploy ed. ings. lish- ploy ed. ings. lish- ploy ed. ings.
m'ts. ees.
m’ts. ees.
m ’ts. ees.
MISCELLANEOUS
LABOR,
MAINTENANCE, AND RE
PAIR —Continued.
Laborers:
6 days............................
7 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days..........................
14 days............................
15 days............................
16 days............................
5
2
3
1
378
61
1, 742
D o lls .
47.8 27.49
52.7 30.62
94.6 66.42
2 112.0 66.53
Laborers "(female):
12 days............................
Lead burners:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days.................* ........
15 days............................
Machinists:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
Painters:
6 days..............................
12 days............................
33 days............................
15 days............................
26 days..........................
Pipe fitters:
6 d a y s ............................
7 d a y s ..............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 days..........................
15 days............................
16 days............................
30 days............................
Pipe fitters' helpers:
6 d a y s ............................
7 days ............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
14 d a y s __
15 days............................
Property keepers:
6 days ............................
12 days............................
13 days............................
15 days............................
16 d a y s ..........................
Property keepers (female):
12 days............................
Tinsmiths:
fi da y s ___
12 da ys _
__
13 days .............
--Welders:
6 days
__
.
. _
12 days
13 d a y s ..........................
15 days............................
26 days............................
2
2
4
3
4
3
4
2
3
4
1
3
3
3 46.3 34.72
6 ioa.4 112.52
39
163
25
44
86
3
182
111
1
345
22
47.8 39.34
95.3 96.61
47.4 29.64
90.7 73.54
48.5 33.65
52.3 33.72
95.6 94.40
45.5 28.08
56.0 37.23
95.6 71.09
89.8 70.56
2
440 51.4
1
14 66.7
3 1,141 88.0
2
42 105.2
1
11
48.0 39.84
92.5 96.73
2
3
2
31
48.0 35.17
91.7 82.91
29.38
34.65
46.95
54.63
1
1
23 84.0 42.56
1 128.0 72.00
1
28
86.6 42.96
2
1
2
3
39.2 46.11
85.2 85.92
2
2
1
1
23 57.0 53.06
168 97.6 74.64
2 115.0 67.09
2 146.7 122.71
1
2
1
1
11 41.8 32.48
37 85.8 57. 60
1 117.0 65.00
2 115.0 86.25
3
1
1
1
145 93.7 71. 31
5 89.4 49.83
4 126.0 89.65
6 114.5 72.13
81
2
129
343 74.8 40.45
1 112.5 59. 38
6 110.7 60.09
9 96.2 52.13
1
1
3 53.0 48.96
16 114.2 62.76
7 1,301
84.3 49.27
4
213 104.8 68.02
1
1 108.0 62.66
2
7 104.1 92.92
6
137
99.4 83.17
4
73
85.1 62.15
7
107 110.4 106.99
1
6 121.1 112.77
54.8 37.89
7
230
99.6 73.05
2
6 130.8 102.77
4
1
20 103.4 78.17
1 117.0 89.50
3
14
72.3 65.48
4
35
91.9 84.75
1 102.0 52.99
1
10
88.0 67.90
1
1
16
69.0 61. 23
91.7 64.89
1
D o ll s .
53.7 49.84
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
D o ll s .
63
GENERAL TABLES.
IN GS R E C E IV E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S IN EAC H D IS T R IC T , B Y OCCUPATIONS
LL P E R IO D , 1920— Continued.
R E F IN E R IE S—Continued.
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
and Wyoming.
Num
ber
of
establishm’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
4
77
Louisiana and Texas.
Num
Num
Aver Aver ber Num Aver
ber
Aver ber
age
of
age
of
of
hours age
eshours age
eswork earn tab- em work earn tabings.
ed.
lish- ploy ed. ings. lishm ’ts. ees.
m ’ts.
D o ll s .
18 1,127
8
1
1
3
1
1
15
2
1
13
3
1
2
30.6 15.89
84.9 45.97
113 100.0 52.03
4 129.3 97.88
33 97.1 52.83
4 80.8 100.94
1 113.0 73.45
4
43.6 33.06
54 107.0 91.39
2 119.0 95.50
3
34.2 22.91
43 94.4 68.51
9 112.7 82.19
2 222.8 121.06
306
40.4 18.81
1
843
15 2,539
88.8 43.50
92.8 49.63
8
144
1 40.0 53.33
3 95.5 126.06
8 108.6 106.97
3 128.5 157.46
3
1
10
2
11 47.4 48.93
30 102.7 118.18
101 110.7 107.16
2 120.0 102.50
1
1
7
10
73
46
35.9 20.92
84.1 56.56
86.0 60.41
17
47.0 38.01
19
122 104.5 78.61
1
12
29 84.1 84.70
131 106.3 83.22
4
1
1
8 120.8 85.57
2 123.6 130.41
6 184.2 103.73
2
3 117.3 88.83
45
39.6 25.29
3
97
41.8 22.27
382
849
96.5 71.55
91.1 59.96
16
227
95.4 62.89
1
8
2
29
92.1 50.68
2
2
7
1
2 128.5 92.84
20 119.0 75.24
1 128.0 106.66
1
12
1
1
1
92.0 61.64
25 92.9 83.85
1 120.0 80.00
1 13.5 10.50
4
595
87.0 57.40
N
,1
1
3
1
4
1
2
15
2
1
5
5 43.3 35.82
4 100.0 122.11
20 96.14 88.13
16.0
6
12
28
4
42.9 41.62
95.4 109.25
100.3 101. 26
124.6 136. 46
10
6
36
6
77
361
367
8
50.3 44.48
97.0 88.18
104.1 94.45
123.9 102.52
95.1 69.74
7
6
29
4
1
49
154
192
11
2
43.0 28.09
86.4 61.66
89.1 64.32
113.1 82.93
222.8 121.06
77 104.7 102.74
11
2
7
43
1
8
1
1
189
3
356
442
4
23
2
6
50.9 41.17
52.3 33.72
93.9 84.20
106.3 90.73
126.0 89.65
118.8 89.58
123.6 130.41
184.2 103.73
98.7 102.82
29
361
97.6 78.26
1 104.0 97.85
1 132.0 94.88
18.0
94.8 76.12
2
3
42.96
62.66
5
4
12
2
9
4
1
1
25.23
31.37
55.26
49.67
66.53
59.13
92.70
52.83
86.6
108.0
73 101.2 101.04
2 110.0 89.38
4
46.1
55.3
91.3
88.7
112.0
10Q. 1
129.1
97.1
28
1
4
1
4
15 1,201
3
75
7 3,726
46 5,604
1
2
21
493
2
5
1
33
1
1
49 114.8 73.00
1
D o ll s .
D o ll s .
95.6 54.21
3
2
Total—all States.
Num
Num
Num Aver
Aver ber
ber
ber Aver Aver
age
of
age
age
of
of
age
eshours
em work earn
em hours
work earn
tabings.
ploy ed. ings. lish- ploy
ed.
ees.
m’ ts. ees.
D o ll s .
4
59.9 40.67
5
California.
2 104.0 92.05
6 102.3 102.15
11
382
1
1
6 1,070
36 1,668
1
6
7
93
1
4
7
9
1
3
38
23
22
1
47.0
56.0
89.3
94.3
110.7 i
107.0
29.59
37.23
61.43
66.12
60.10
65.93
53.0 48.96
100.1 67.28
105.6 80.30
119.5 76.78
128.0 106.66
1
1
102.0
52.99
2
3
8
2
21
32
32.0
90.4
85.4
28.92
83.00
72.01
5
5
24
1
1
8
51
86
1
1
47.7
92.4
93.9
120.0
13.5
38.83
80.33
86.49
80.00
10.50
64
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e C .— A V E R A G E H O U R S A C T U A L L Y W O R K E D AN D A V E R A G E E A R N
AN D W O R K D A Y S IN P A Y -R O
R E F IN E R IE S—Concluded.
Massachusetts, N e w
Jersey,
and
New
York.
Occupation and number Num
Num
of workdays in pay
ber
ber Aver Aver
period.
of
age
of
age
esem hours earn
work
tablish- ploy ed. ings.
m ’ts. ees.
MISCELLANEOUS
Maryland, Pennsylvaniaj and West Virginia.
Illinois,
Indiana, and
Ohio.
Num
ber Num Aver Aver
ber
of
age
age
of
eshours earn
em
work
tablish- ploy ed. ings.
m ’ts. ees.
Num
Num
ber
ber Aver Aver
of
age
of
age
esem hours
work earn
tablish- ploy ed. ings.
m ’ts. ees.
D o lls.
D o lls.
LABOR,
re
m a in t e n a n c e , a n d
p a i r — c o n c lu d e d .
Other mechanics:
..........
6 days
7 days......... ....................
12 days............................
33 days............................
14 days................... ....
15 days............................
16 days............................
26 days............................
30 days............................
D o lls.
4
1
3
i
6
4
115
48.0 33.94
56.1 39.29
94.0 87.28
1
64.0 62.72
1
5
48.6 43.23
2
88
93.9 59.88
7
1
3 138.4 84.80
2
134 105.2 75.48
8
109.7 102.72
GUARDING, ETC.
Watchmen:
6 days.........................
7
days..........................
12 days........................
13 days............................
14 days............................
15 days__.........._.........
16 days............................
30 days............................
Other employees:
6
7
days.........................
days.
..............
12 days...........................
13 days........................
14 days.
.................
15 days...........................
16 flavs
l
4
3
1
2
4
3
3
2
________
30 days........................... 1...........
22
17
145
46.4
70.3
94.7
1 130.0
69 120.4
54
56
333
26.48
31.84
75.23
92.30
79.68
49.0 33.27
50.6 32.68
97.7 78.16
71 100.6 86.84
48.3 36.51
82.0 34.69
1
2
28
3
78 122.3 66.56
3
2
3
2
3
1
12
55.2
57.2
89.1
7 86.2
46 125.1
6 106.1
55
12
365
36.83
32.45
51.28
54.67
75.00
59.31
1
32 156.8 86.25
£
38 141.6 77.98
7
453
6
181 112.6 82.87
97.5 63.47
65
GENERAL TABLES.
IN GS R E C E IV E D B Y E M P L O Y E E S IN EACH D IS T R IC T , B Y OCCUPATIONS
LL P E R IO D , 1920— Concluded.
R E F IN E R IE S—Concluded.
Kansas,
Oklahoma,
and Wyoming.
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ ts.
Louisiana and Texas.
Num
ber
of
establishm ’ts.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
48.2 37.15
1
13
Num
ber Aver Aver
age
of
age
em hours
work earn
ploy ed. ings.
ees.
B o lls .
Num
Aver
ber
age Aver of
age
hours
eswork earn tabed. ings. lishm 'ts.
11
15
79
95.9 74.24
11
177 100.6 76.09
7
1
1
1
22
1
2
1
113.6 75.09
128.7 107.50
151.0 92.21
270.0 200.00
3
12 109.8 89.48
2
3
70.0 34.50
2
1
2
10
56
4
2
9 103.1 52.60
63 130.5 70.36
15 114.2 86.34
1 240.0 140.00
12
Num
ber
of
establishm’ts.
Num Aver
ber
Aver
age
of
age
em hours earn
work
ploy
ings.
ed.
ees.
B o lls .
41.2 23.68
4
46
98.2 89.41
79.1 29.51
99.4 74.74
94.1 52.03
1
31 104.0 79.35
100 121.7 70.77
3
47 107.9 67.32
1
1
65.0 40.65
3
1
22
1
46.7 31.49
53.0 21.87
14
187
98.2 69. 28
11
250
94. 7 69. i7
4
17
1
1
172 117.3 75.28
8 119.6 92. 51
2 210.0 106.60
10
366 103.4 73.95
3
Total—all States.
Num
Aver
ber
age Aver
of hours
age
em
work earn
ploy ed. * ings.
ees.
B o lls .
3
20
1
1
California.
250 100.1 80.03
41 114.4 88. 58i
B o ils .
9
1
5
37
1
13
1
1
1
35
4
203
436
1
45
1
2
1
45.6 32.46
56.1 39.29
93.9 75.40
100.9 76.97
64.0 62. 72
113.5 84.48
128.7 107.50
151.0 92. 21
270.0 200.00
2
10
4
7
5
41
1
1
50
42
201
77
147
248
15
1
47.4 32.09
75.7 32.29
96.0 75.09
125.6 77.84
121.4 72.72
124.3 71.11
114.2 86.34
240.0 140.00
10
131
70
7
698
6
38 1,147
5
117
37
766
1
8
1
2
51.2 34.47
51.9 32.60
93.2 64.10
97.5 69.21
110.2 82.18
109.3 77.02
119.6 92. 51
210.0 106.60
T a b l e D . — AVE R AG E
AN D CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER H OU R, B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D DISTRICTS, 1920.
a
Occupation and district.
90
30
35
40
50
70
80
60
45
Under and
and
and
and
and cents $1 and $1.25 $1.50
and. and
and
30
under under under under under under under under and under and
and
cents.
80
90
under $1.25. under over.
35
60
70
40
45
50
$1.50.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
$1.
'WELLS*
Derrick men:
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming - .
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
8
3
1
775
115
$0.550
.720
.987
Total..................................................................................
11
891
.752
1
1
1
2
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............................................................
Drillers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California..............................................................................
Total..................................................................................
0
21
4
207
184
847
1,030
307
.955
.792
1.173
1.163
1.321
54
2,575
1.140
6
30
8
16
15
3
217
27
296
1,813
378
.620
.430
.593
.677
.862
Total. *....................................... .....................................
32
2,731
.683
6
4
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....... .. ...................................................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and W yoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
9
2
30
5
83
1
379
43
380
11
30
88
1
85
87
90
100
100
7
51
3
18
51
19
29
17
3
5
49
163
42
272
438
80
540
465
226
2 10
3 34
21
44
8
0
Drillers’ helpers and clean-out helpers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
llinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and W yoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
380
*
8
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............................................................
Firemen:
379
1
1
2
____
1
17
12
1
112
966
.598
.537
.659
25
25
67
5
n
61
69
109
57
995
1,231
445
S
6
10
12
60
98
100
8
1
21
104
8
8
13
63
1
22
286
8
1
22
1
159
15
3
103
84
56
1,523
84
122
18
209
1,740
6
6
13
77
6
1
32
28
6 !
6 1
19
9
321
24
96
97
__________
|
1
4
218
84
1
12
38
913
7
6 !
3
76
1
100
100
=====
- -
_ - ______
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY,
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Aver
Num
Num
age
ber of
ber of earn
estab
lish employ ings
per
ees.
ments.
hour.
California.............................................................................
Total.................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t ............................................................
Gaugers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
49
2 I
29
1,128
10
.798
60
.651
C1)
10
3
Total.................................................................................
3
1
35
65
19
.556
.667
.633
.633
.830
123
.658
951
23
94
96
1
.608
.505
.572
.581
.772
56
11,913
.589
22
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Pumpers and engineers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
Total.................................................................................
12
9
30
23
4
57
626
.624
.518
.527
.598
.816
7,202
.582
1,168
1,235
2,152
2,021
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Rig builders:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
Total....................................................................... .*........
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
* At $1.50 and under $2.
s 33 at $1.50 and under $2 and 1 at $2 and under $2.50.
44 at $1.50 and under $2 and 1 at $2 and under $2.50.
232
53
37
51
59
174
65
287
271
492
605
3,032
1,227
171
24
1,611
1,696
34
55
80
690
8
7
58
232
672
734
5,356
3,536
1,280
2
8
73
100
4
14
115
5
7
39
454
329
6
0)
5
99
385
92
47
148
33
19
24
O)
14
95
138
2
18
111
U
39
42
191
111
99
59
130
1,070
904
258
944
70
397
1,157
1
100
GENERAL TABLES.
Total.................................................................................
4
1,651
813
5,054
3,610
785
31
42
100
1
12
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Laborers, roustabouts, and connection men:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
39
6
100
42
90
132
204
383
2,362
2,568
468
19
62
87
94
.695
.568
2.062
1.575
1.412
133
4
.919
137
1
22
6
411
11
434
100
100
17
17
2
3
5
9
5 31
25
17
78
77
7 98
100
1
10
11
61
68
6 32
2 35
s 7 at $1.50 and under $2,11 at $2 and under $2.50, and 13 at $2.50 and under $3.
620 at $1.50 and under $2,11 at $2 and under $2.50, and 1 at $2.50 and under $3.
762 at $1.50 and under $2, 22 at $2 and under $2.50, and 14 at $2.50 and under $3
G>
T able D .— AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
S*
00
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
90
50
60
70
80
30
35
40
45
and
and cents $1 and $1.25
Under and
and
and
and
and
and
30
under under under under under under under under and under and
under
50
60
80
cents.
35
40
70
90
under $1.25. $1.50.
45
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
SI.
$1.50
and
over.
WELLS—Concluded.
T g&hist©rs•
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...''.....................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
Total.................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............................................................
7
5
11
10
4
34
12
175
201
76
$0,513
.490
.555
.552
.785
30
498
.583
Tool dressers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
8
5
29
15
4
226.
191
831
429
217
.808
.675
1.007
.959
.949
Total..................................................................................
49
1,894
.934
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ...........................................................
Truck drivers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and W yom ing..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..;................................
California..............................................................................
Total............................................................................
10
3
3
2
2
5
1
23
39
26
7
111
107
1
39
36
10
10
68
251
/.
r
18
3
5
1
5
0)
17
76
66
17
68
83
97
100
2
35
21
83
5
41
23
21
133
70
177
44
69
42
6
142
563
227
69
13
150
247
338
177
859
58
86
11
24
42
51
92
100
100
5
2
19
10
16
13
146
109
4
11
38
793
.633
8
36
1
6
41
8
1
1
1
1
16
32
12
5
86
3
2
1
3
2
.687
.591
.825
29
29
50
.524
.522
.627
.600
.850
106
64
340
3
32
1
25
18
399
263
88
6
5
17
r
3
4
6
22
16
4
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia___
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...................
Kansas,Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming
1
0)
7
59
284
2
1
142
93
4
1
69
48
20
242
138
77
8
72
80
99
100
13
22
53
48
3
70
15
4
82
1
33
.
.....
19
1
57
1
7
1
83
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Average
ber of earn
estab
employ
ings
lish
per
ments. ees.
hour.
Num- Num
er of
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................
California.....................................................................
17
4
371
106
.809
1.161
Total.................................................................................
38
987
.828
f
|
!
|
1
7
5
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
10
1
Machinists—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia___
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...".............
Kansas, Montana,Oklahoma,Utah, and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.............. 1 ..........^
California......................................................................
14
7
4
36
17
94
71
56
.806
.652
.858
.869
1.104
Total.................................................................................
25
274
.890
3
1
. 739
.502
.735
.790
1.042
Total.................................................................................
36
1,198
.791
2
C1)
Mechanics’ helpers—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.. . .
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................
California......................................................................
Total.................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r ce n t ............................................................
5
4
45
14
181
195
109
.598
.383
.634
.655
.867
29
544
.679
1
14
11
____ _
Other employees:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
7
.25
Total.................................................................................
8
4
276
50
858
662
226
.670
.509
.665
.641
.785
48
2,072
.663
21
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
2 At $1.50 and under $2.
s 5 at $1.50 and under $2 and 1 at $2 and under $2.50.
1
3
0)
1
4
3
7
2
1
1
1
2
*3
238
171
60
188
61
24
SI
68
74
93
100
100
8
18
1
11
1
6
2
15
5
14
21
22
11
10
17
3
4
5
4
4
10
12
12
1
15
38
22
10
41
37
57
38
75
13
22
4
19
32
53
67
95
99
100
2
25
2
101
107
3
8
1
34
98
133
28
22
4
46
33
31
40
69
14
86
23
26
1
8
10
1
4
90
27
136
116
10
4
5
135
255
238
267
102
144
28
9 15
t
1
12
34
54
76
84
96
99
100
16
13
24
3
1
12
4
23
3
1
2
27
13
4
5
62
37
68
24
27
50
3
107
4
10
3
11
126
188
105
53
15
28
1
3
3
5
28
63
82
92
95
100
2
5
64
26
36
161
73
34
36
46
4
27
9
204
226
7
166
20
37
26
25
40
20
10
4
7
17
3
32
37
4
1
1
• 128
538
473
409
146
60
91
47
U23
40
63
82
89
92
97
99
100
1
8
3
S
49
27
1
P)
1
73
31
181
i
C u m u la tiv e p e r ce n t ............................................................
22
9
i
2
4
4
13
13
13
38
93
1
1
3
8
n
293
211
62
20
1
21
1
2
12
10
10
GENERAL TABLES,
50
19
494
482
153
66
67
p)
7
4
18
15
4
117
2
2
1
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....... .....................................................
Other mechanics—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia___
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.. 7 . .............
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................
California.... ................................................................
93
21
22
9 14 at $1.50 and under $2 and 1 at $2 and under $2.50.
10 At $2 and under $2.50.
112 at $1.50 and under $2 and 21 at $2 and under 2.50
OS
CD
D .—AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, BY OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
7 ()
T able
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
70
80
90
35
60
30
40
45
50
$1.25
and
and
and
and
and cents $1 and and
and
Under and
and
under under under under under under under under and under under
30
under $1.25.
70
80
90
40
45
60
35
* 50
cents.
$1.50.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
$1.
$1.50
and
over.
PIPE LIN ES.
Engineers and pumpers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia.............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio............................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, ana Texas......................................
California.............................................................................
Total..........................................................................
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t ............................................................
Firemen:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming___
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
Total..........................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
9
10
13
12
4
243
252
452
499
288
$0.738
.718
.691
.724
.924
2
1
1
2
33
4
2
11
32
20
42
49
87
76
187
171
299
364
40
1,734
.749
4
39
65
254
2
6
1
8
4
49
1,021
202
53
96
21
80
91
94
100
21
3
30
1
210
145
160
190
11
5
9
55
1
2
2
96
—
9
8
7
9
4
242
156
192
214
270
.667
.648
.661
.652
.829
32
1,074
.701
2
1
2
C1)
9
10
13
12
3
263
263
375
338
64
.746
.738
..811
.758
.966
Total..........................................................................
39
1,303
.775
30
143
C1)
Gaugers—deliverymen and oil receivers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
12
17
1
C1)
2
2
C1)
(0
1
15
132
51
85
2
705
163
51
86
2
6
72
87
92
100
100
1
6
11
19
19
15
96
79
145
127
23
107
45
98
6
131
56
24
29
7
2
59
30
7
64
447
279
247
93
162
1
6
40
61
80
88
100
2
1
130
10
21
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Num Num Aver
age
ber of ber of earn
estab
lish employ ings
per
ees.
ments.
hour.
Laborers, roustabouts, etc.:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.................. '.........................................................
9
10
13
12
4
Total..........................................................................
40
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t ............................................................
Linemen:
New Jersey* New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.................. ..........................................................
.476
.444
.545
.501
.780
11,174
.528
_____ _____
4
9
27
40
0)
4
19
40
11
151
27
175
193
802
193
230
53
926
156
204
61
184
148
309
2,154
2,849
1
32
4
353
864
38
5
43
573
6
14
305
221
1 197
1,402
605
5 461
1 291
625
327
2
13
26
31
80
91
97
100
6
6
19
48
6
4
30
35
1
4
1
18
25
5
3
10
6
2
16
12
79
111
19
.632
.595
.640
.644.
.903
4
22
237
.656
4
3
1
79
76
2
S
3
37
2
2
i
3
4
100
5
17
4
5
69
89
96
98
23
21
97
150
26
33
8
31
5
4
55
44
11
4
1
11
2
16
2
100
.548
.571
.591
.577
.789
16
7
2
Total..........................................................................
39
555
.584
25
4
291
98
119
5
5
58
75
97
100
74
151
71
.624
.651
.928
26
48
151
Total..........................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Teamsters:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
12
296
.711
26
199
71
9
76
100
3
3
2
4
3
10
90
11
13
8
.467
.489
.520
.611
.796
Total..........................................................................
14
132
.537
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
1Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
71
2
13
3
14
1
1 j
1
1
2
15
18
2
U
27
5
46
9
5
65
77
12
2
3
2
2
4
3
19
5
91
95
3
7
100
100
.. . 1
...........!.
6
7
1
2
1
100
48
70
65
170
228
22
1
1
3
1
9
10
13
11
4
Oilers:
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
5
I
1
3
12
Line walkers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma,and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
2
i
GENERAL TABLES,
Total..........................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
585
971
2,836
5,862
920
T a b l e D .— AVERAGE
AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
to .
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
70
90
30
35
40
45
50
80
60
and
and . and
and
and
and cents $1 and $1.25 $1.50
Under and
and
under under under under under under under under and under and
30
and
50
80
cents.
35
40
45
60
70
90
under $1.25. under over.
$1.50.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
$1.
PIPE LIN ES—Concluded.
Telegraph operators:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia.............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.....................................
California.............................................................................
Total................
27
148
113
168
192
21
$0,664
.663
.675
.672
.895
10
13
1
642
.676
Total...............
24
5
9
119
103
27
.495
.555
.633
.612
.814
263
.635
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia....................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas........................
California.................................................................
Total...............
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t .
133
252
25
.791
.603
.835
.860
1.046
427
.853
6
11
29
31
26
530
68
4
87
97
21
41
1
54
15
15
63
84
3
8
33
38
12
0
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
2
9
11
6
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
Truck drivers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia.............................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..........................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and W yom ing...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...................................
California.............................................................................
11
127
91
154
158
82
7
10
0
3
5
100
n
14
99
1
100
8
15
6
1
1
18
51
18
1
4
7
11
22
76
65
1
34
11
90
154
1
2
1
20
29
n
95
100
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Aver
Num
age
ber of Num
ber of earn
estab employ
ings
lish
ees.
per
ments.
hour.
Machinists—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia............................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma,and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas................
California...................................................
Total.............
13
13
4
7
3
4
66
50
31
.805
.762
.776
.877
1.016
24
173
.842
6
1
8
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .
Other mechanics—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia.......................................................... .
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................ (
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas................
California...................................................
Mechanics’ helpers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia..................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio......................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...............................
California..................................................................
Total.............
Total.............
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
31
37
31
61
82
100
36
87
51
15
16
83
3
48
57
9
4
4
26
8
3
5
27
51
90
24
1
43
29
8
147
173
176
8
3
7
to
11
27
46
65
4
60
82
80
.477
.821
.633
.625
.854
18
236
.710
2
12
1
3
9
3
101
.651
.595
.751
.636
.840
29
467
.692
5
10
57
78
74
157
14
1
1
T
1
1
5
1
(0
3
5
6
8
1
3
16
7
1
9
11
2
26
27
21
114
23
2 14
96
98
100
11
31
20
48
29
119
59
77
84
16
33
10
20
18
10
1
3
61
2
6
2'
2
5
44
51
48
65
18
4
8
21
48
63
91
98
100 1
4
9
57
14
25
21
22
1
6
21
26
2
6
6
1
14
2
1
22
21
1
C
1)
6
10
1
1
1
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t..
Other employees:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West
Virginia..................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio......................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...............................
California..................................................................
52
P
.729
2
2
6
6
22
14
930
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t.
4
5
8
IS
30
1
1
1
7
1
8
4
11
43
1
5
23
5
5
24
1
8
10
5
18
12
9
53
3
21
1
33
44
10
106
107
86
71
39
9
32
54
73
88
96
1
12
14 i
99 !
\
GENERAL TABLES.
Total..............
11
.546
.652
.831
.780
.840
9
5
4
7
30
194
142
132
292
170
6
6
29
9
4
1
3
100
2 At $1.50 and under $2 .
Co
T able D . — AVERAG E AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND D ISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Aver
age
earn
50
30
80
90
35
40
45
60
70
ings Under and and and and and and and and cents $1 and
30 under under under under under under under under and under
per
hour. cents.
50
60
90 under $1.25.
35
40
45
70
80
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. $1.
$1.25 $1.50
and and
under over.
$1.50.
1IEFIN ERIES
REFINING.
Clay roasters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..,
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
California.......................................................
Total.............
$0.879
.601
.759
.647
.683
1.090
26
145
50
56
.676
2
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t.
100
Coal passers and ashmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Louisiana, and Texas....................................
Total.............
137
84
282
158
.745
.577
.644
.473
157 !
661
.620
157
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t.
Engineers and chillermen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
California.......................................................
Total....................
85
45
100
51
116
73
7
.750
.826
.745
.831
.954
432
.811
12
78
102
1
28
5
117
193
150
135
5S
76
96
68
158
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
Filterers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
18
68
.990
.647
24
18
97
100
63
7
100
W A G E S A N D HOTJKS OE LABOR I N P E T R O L E U M IN D U S T R Y .
Occupation and district.
Num Num
ber of ber of
estab employ
lish
ments. ees.
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...............
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
7
6
23
18
.6 3 6
.7 8 0
Total......................................................... .
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t ...................................... .
18
84
.701
Firemen and assistant engineers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia,
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..............
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
California......................................................
8
9
7
28
24
4
905
544
791
369
797
126
.8 2 0
.6 9 2
.7 0 8
.7 0 8
.7 6 2
.861
Total..........................................................
80
3,532
.7 5 6
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ...................................... .
3
15
7
4
4
4
1
- 1
11
U
46
69
12
83
4
88
4
93
6
100
61
38
3
35
31
108
366
162
160
316
207
69
601
92
174
35
22
4
23
79
14
17
495
66
2
9
255
74
168
5
1,112
36
1,178
70
159
n
892
99
8
3
4
2
1
7
6
35
3
3
3
1
.
4
6
2
3
18
19
4
20
4
15
55
120
20
.6 9 4
.6 0 2
.681
.6 5 5
.6 9 6
.781
52
234
7691'
1
16
1
0)
Molders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..,
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........... ................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...............
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
California......................................................
4
1
2
2
4
1
Total..........................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Molders (female):
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Oilers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...............
Louisiana and Texas,....................................
68
9
35
10
23
5
.7 5 4
.7 4 5
.743
.5 9 9
.6 5 8
.8 2 7
14
150
.7 2 7
2
8
.6 0 6
4
3
1
1
21
28
3
2
.8 8 0
.6 9 2
.5 5 0
.6 3 3
9
54
.7 5 2
9
17
7
37
50
1
2
5
3
3
3
7
19
100
11
1
2
37
16
98
58
67
87
14
, 93
15
99
2
100
7
5
3
3
4
16
23
4
30
30
2
2
1
5
1
4
17
11
31
32
63
n
34
97
4
99
1
100
1,
38
4
88
i
100
4
10
3
21
7
4
76-
10
94
2
6
2
G E N E R A L TABLES.
Total..........................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ........................................
l
Total..........................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
..
1
0)
Gaugers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.......................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming... ...........
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
California......................................................
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
........... ! ..............
. . . . . . . .
2
25
4
3
2
|
------------ ----------- --
7
13
23
56
'
7
69
3
100
------------ -- ---------
T able D . — AVERAG E AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER H OU R, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Aver
age
80
90
30
50
40
45
60
70
35
earn
ings Under and and and and and and • and and cents $1 and
30 under under under under under under under under and under
per
60
50
70
90 under $1.25.
40
35
45
80
hour. cents.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. $1.
$1.25 $1.50
and and
under over.
$1.50.
REFINERIES—Continued.
refining—continued.
Pressmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..........: .................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
384
Total...................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .
Press runners:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Pumpmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas......................................
California............................... ......................
.792
5
11
109
106
13
69
97
100
94
6
2
1
12
10
3
37
15
72
5
41
.692
Total...................
s helpers:
stts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
8
29
4
3
22
‘
.697
.684
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t .
Total..........................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ........................................
9
16
128 $0. 862
58
.803
.800
111
.606
41
46
.744
3
100
35
15
5
14
9
7
64
47
107
53
1
21
11
35
6
84
71
100
.822
.718
.887
.673
.778
.912
38
58
9
1,087
.789
58
287
276
352
130
100
179
226
70
3
*4
0
131
125
79
51
.821
.642
.864
.669
)
0)
6
2
46
35
5
23
5
5
8
6
4
129
14
4
71
47
'56*
3
21
22
199
135
1
87
100
100
70
57
47
52
90
57
7
WAGES AND HOURS OE LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Num Num
ber of ber of
estab- employ
lishments.
-a
Louisiana and Texas.................................................
California...................................................................
7 03 1 2°— 22 — U u U . 297-
Total......................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................
Repairmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Louisiana and Texas.................................................
Total......................................................................
Total......................................................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ....................................................
Still inspectors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, arid New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Louisiana and Texas.................................................
Total......................................................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t .................. ' ...............................
44
17
.653
.893
29
447
.746
4
1
5
11
55
171
46
94
75
6
12
51
31
82
99
100
8
5
18
5
1
1
10
2
1
1
2
.882
.675
.619
.865
11
36
.771
2
12
6
8
6
2
6
39
56
78
94
100
3
12
6
4
4
4
28
14
23
19
1
1
.726
.706
1.040
.723
.939
14
85
.798
1
3
13
1
1
1
6
6
1
1
4
3
14
2
4
23
1
1
2
3
21
25
3
4
27
2
6
SI
60
64
68
100
4
7
_____
4
25
.972
5
5
6
20
40
64
92
100
13
55
40
89
52
45
118
16
109
30
91
33
4
4
80
1,205
905
1
206
179
315
.859
.730
.836
5
2
2
19
1
1
C1)
7
5
5
1
2
Total......................................................................
6
5
2
1.083
.844
.770
.950
.997
.819
.916
.819
.916
.992
8
3
1
_____ _____
254
119
203
255
315
59
7
11
2
9
7
28
24
4
Stillmen’s assistants, chargers, and headers-up:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
37
2
3
Stillmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Marvland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............................
Louisiana and Texas.................................................
California...................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................
,
6
10
4
27
7
2
1
80
156
7
55
24
33
25
5
18
8
21
7
2
1
12
63
250
317
160
397
5
1
6
27
53
67
100
100
12
61
30
97
83
27
27
18
248
38
2
1
32
4
11
9
GENERAL TABLES.
Retort, acid, and kettle men:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania/and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Louisiana and Texas.................................................
California...................................................................
5
2
T able D .— AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Aver
age
earn
35
40
30
50
60
70
45
80
90
ings Under and and and and and and and and cents $1 and
per
30 under under under under under under under under and under
hour. cents.
40
45
70
35
50
60
80
90 under $1.25.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. $1.
1
REFINERIES—Continued.
re fining—concluded.
Stiilmen’s assistants, chargers, and, headers-up—Concld.
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............................
Louisiana and Texas..................................................
California...................................................................
276 $0. 765
325
.793
43
.854
1,344
Total....................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t . .
0
Sweatermen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
California.......................................................
Total....................
.799
65
76
141
141
14
13
1
6
61
29
16
14
244
503
313
164
1
19
57
5
4
6
8
12
1
.891
.716
.831
.637
.783
.911
26
123
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t.
Testers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.....................................
Total....................
.580
.579
.596
.684
.597
28
.615
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t.
Testers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
c u m u l a t iv e p e r c e n t ........................................
.560
1
14
5
68
104
100
24
4
5
2
4
“ 4"
5
4
10
33
26
10
39
80
51
59
91
11
100
4
9
2
17
23
12
40
55
18
1
1
U
4*
82
95
99
100
5
100
$1.25 $1.50
and and
under over.
$1.50.
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Num Num
ber of ber of
estab employ
lish
ments. ees.
oo
Testers’ assistants:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania^ and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio...................7.
Kansas, Oklahorna, and Wyoming. . . .
Louisiana and Texas
1
16
4
.865
.410
. 780
.560
.520
Total.......................................................................
......................
........
9
35
.574
Treaters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio__ , ......... ~..................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoimng..
..................
Louisiana and Texas..................7............................
California...................................................................
9
7
25
1
1
1
5
1
8
6
Total......................................................................
1
2
Treaters’ helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...........................
Louisiana and Texas.................................................
California...................................................................
Total.......................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................
Water purifiers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia .
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...........................
Total......................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................
Water tenders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois. Indiana, and Ohio......................................
Kansas, Oklahoma,and Wyoming.
Louisiana and Texas .
California...................................................................
Total...................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............
.
..............
...............
.933
.790
.913
.759
.811
.982
73
235
.831
20
7
5
12
8
4
36
38
35
37
60
21
.824
.808
.653
.718
.872
191
.757
5
4
13
.819
.677
.656
6
24
.695
1
1
6
2
4
3
6
17
26
5
3
37
34
.967
.777
.899
.755
.739
.943
28
293
.872
6
6
99
59
42
22
14 66
1
6
1
..
4
2
6
2
4
83
89
100
1
5
4
8
11
3
13
24
1
1
6
6
2
15
1
6
2
6
1
1
16
5
3
5
1
6
8
29
76
49
23
48
2
16
48
69
79
99
100
6
6
6
11
3
10
6
8
3
7
11
13
9
16
11
21
22
1
2
31
7
1
1
18
43
60
1
10
S3
64
3
81
5
28
9
95
100
2
8
1
11
70
5
-
3
1
......... 1 .........
........ 1 . ...
1Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
_____
7
15
3
36
14
1
|
. 1. |
3
1
3
2
1
1
■ ■■■'
5
3
11
1
GENERAL, TABLES.
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................
4
32
41
28
63
57
14
2
1
C u m u la tive p e r cen t
8
1
4
2
6
5
5
3
11
5
5
13
58
79
100
1
2
6
18
'• — • • "••••
* = =
2
11
37
6
1
4
13
1
10
2
i3
7
25
8
32
56
56
47
94
3
u
S3
52
68
100
12
6
24
1
T able D . — A V E R A G E A N D C L A S S IF IE D E A R N IN G S P E R H O U R , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D D IS T R IC T S , 1920— Continued.
REFINERIE S—Continued.
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING.
Branders and painters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisiana and Texas..................................................
California
.............................................................
Total.......................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................
Branders and painters (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................................
Fillers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. . . ! ..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............................
Louisiana and Texas................................................ _
California...................................................................
Total......................................................................
.......
4
3
2
1
3
2
15
1
32 $0,808
28
.561
13
.660
4
.724
8
.490
11
.741
96
1
.675
24
7
5
4
2
1
1
4
3
20
2
2
1
4
3
io
1
1
5
35
8
22
23
2
1
6
43
51
74
98
100
10
21
10
6
10
1
1
10
5
42
2
.528
1
100
7
4
36
51
43
7
57
44
.746
.603
.616
.598
.629
.734
33
238
.655
6
5
3
8
C u m u la tiv e p e r cen t
Fillers (female):
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.........................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t __ .
...
.............
1
Inspectors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Vork.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
4
4
1
1
52
5
20
383
.858
.708
1
8
3
1
2
3
4
1
22
10
1
3
13
24
9
3
3
3
6
2
8
5
7
50
71
59
27
6
3
1
4
6
9
SO
60
85
96
99
100
1
10
1
1
1
3
5
1
2
44
8
85
100
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Num Num Aver
age
ber of ber of earn
35
50
60
70
80
30
40
90
45
estab employ
ings Under and and and and and and and and cents SI and *$1.25
$1.50
lish
30
under
under
under
per
under
under
under
under
and
under
under and and
ments. ees.
60
hour. cents. 35
50
70
80
90 under $1.25. under over.
40
45
$1.50.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. $1.
oo
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio...............
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..-.
Louisiana and Texas........................
California..........................................
Total..................
.929
.748
.795
.840
2
8
3
3
24
63
2
6
...............
...............
.778
C u m u la tiv e p e r cent
Nailers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
California...................................................................
3
1
1
7
1
1
.653
.596
.669
.725
Total.......................................................................
6
C u m u la tive p e r ce n t ...............................................................
19
.657
Nailers (female) :
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
1
C u m u lative p e r ce n t .............................................................. .
3
Total........................................................
C u m u lative p e r c e n t ......................................
3
1
13
109
2
1
1
123
Total..........................................................
4
175
Tank-car loaders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..........................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..............
Louisiana and Texas....................................
California................ 1.............................. .
Total..................
C u m u la tive p e r cent.
17
14
16
9
3
38
56
81
95
100
6
1
1
1
6
8
8
2
81>
100
.502
2
2
1
67
100
4 ..........
4 .........
2
3
4
2
5 .................................
1
1 .....................
1 .................................
18
.662
2
100
Packers (female):.
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.......................... .
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ...................................... .
4
1
.670
.755
.745
.679
.596
1
1
6
i£_
5
3
4
5
1
12
40
.385
1
.414 ........ .
.430 ........ .
73
.398
73
1
1
6
7
7
27
18
4
23
57
31
75
• 64
11
.676
.625
.589
.617
.598
.859
261
.625
GENERAL TABLES,
Packers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............................
Louisiana and Texas..................................................
9
2
5
2
3
1
100
107
81
91
I
98
3
100
1
100 \
00
T able D . — A V E R A G E AN D CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER H OUR,7 B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D DISTRICTS,7 1920— Continued.
SI.25 SI.50
and and
under over.
SI.50.
REFINERIES—Continued.
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING— c o n c lu d e d .
T e s te rs :
M a ssa ch u se tts, N e w J ersey , a n d N e w Y o r k ............
M a r y la n d , P e n n s y lv a n ia , a n d W e s t 'V ir g i n i a .........
T o t a l ............................................................................................
C u m u lative p e r c e n t ............................................
W e ig h e r s :
M a s s a ch u s e tts , N e w J ersey , a n d N e w Y o r k ............
M a r y la n d , P e n n s y lv a n ia , a n d W e s t V i r g i n i a .........
I llin o is , I n d i a n a , a n d O h i o ................................................
K a n s a s , O k la h o m a , a n d W y o m i n g ...............................
C a lifo r n ia ............................................................................. ..
T o t a l ............................................................................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..............................................
1
1
2
4
4 SO. 801
9
.540
13
18
13
15
.613
3
2
10
.746
.691
.664
.560
.734
13
58
.703
2
2
2
2
1
2
8
1
8
2
2
8
69
85
100
4
5
3
1
12
1
9
1
7
21
18
10
2
12
48
79
97
100
3
9
2
2
7
2
1
1
2
2
5
TRANSPORTATION— RAILROAD, MOTOR, AND TEAM.
B rak em en :
M a s s a ch u s e tts , N e w J e r s e y a n d N e w Y o r k ..............
M a r y la n d , P e n n s y lv a n ia , a n d W e s t V i r g i n ia .........
I llin o is , I n d ia n a , a n d O h io .................................................
T o t a l ...........................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..............................................
C h a u ffe u r s :
M a s s a c h u s e tts , N e w J e r s e y , a n d N e w Y o r k ............
M a r y la n d , P e n n s y lv a n ia , a n d W e s t V i r g i n ia .........
I llin o is , I n d ia n a , a n d O h i o ................................................
K a n s a s , O k la h o m a , a n d W y o m i n g ...............................
L o u is ia n a a n d T e x a s ..............................................................
3
36
2
1
10
2
.953
.658
.815
6
48
.886
1
18
11
51
37
47
41
65
.727
.618
.654
.650
.671
7
14
1
1
2
___ _
6
6
6
8.
_____
______
1
11
10
7
14
1
2
25
46
54
69
98
100
19
14
3
19
6
3
1
8
14
2
1
1
11
10
5
20
16
20
29
8
27
4
1
5
1
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Num Num Aver
age
ber of ber of earn
30
'35
40
50
60
70
90
45
80
estab employ
ings Under and and and and and and and and cents SI and
lish
under
under
under
30
under
under
under
ees.
per
under
under
and
under
ments.
hour. cents. 35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90 under SI .25.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. SI.
oo
California.
Total...................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............................................
10
21
48
104
81
33
4
19
57
86
98'
100
.815
51
275
.681
Conductors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork ..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio................................
12
3
12
1,128
.687
1.024
Total................................................................. .
27
1.033
10
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
Engineers, railroad:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork ..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illfhois, Indiana, and Ohio...............................
Louisiana and Texas.................. .*.....................
California.............................................................
1.078
.770
1.024
.980
.881
63
.996
Total.................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
11
3
14
8
.973
.615
.818
.726
36
.828
Total.................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
1
100
6
4
3
5
5
5
4
23
126
26
16
24
65
.591
.547
.642
.627
.738
26
280
.630
48
4
.740
.622
.556
.713
72
.590
12
11
8
11
11
27
5
82
ho
92
100
2
2
"\2
“ i*
3
n
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
Trackmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork ..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
4
80
n
Firemen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork ..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................
Louisiana and Texas.........................................
Total.................................................................
1
15
1
1
1
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............................................
Teamsters and drivers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.........................................
California.............................................................
1
11
2
78
14
8
8
14
3
86
75
100
14
45 I
11
'i9*
5
GENERAL TABLES,
Total.................................................................
23
7
12
18
3
1
100
7
1
56
106
94
68
2
89
78
97
100
12
*T
47
13
11
1
65
83
99
100
00
CO
• T able
D.—AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, BY OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920—Continued.
oo
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
80
90
50
30
45
60
70
40
35
and cents $1 and $1.25 $1.50
and
Under and
and
and
and
and
and
and
under under under under under under under under and under under
and
30
90
60
under $1.25.
over.
50
70
80
cents.
35
40
45 .
$1.50.
$1.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
REFINERIES—Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, M A INTE N AN CE, AND REPAIR.
Blacksmiths:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...........................
Louisiana and Texas..............................................
California......................................................................
6
6
7
13
11
4
18
35
41
40
33
12
$0.940
.761
.853
.859
.926
.967
Total..........................................................................
47
179
.867
1
1
6
6
7
23
14
4
377
137
168
104
273
94
1.035
.908
.901
.977
1.011
1.039
Total..........................................................................
60
1,153
.991
Boiler makers’ helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.............
Maryland, Pennsyvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...........................
Louisiana and Texas...................................................
California.....................................................................
Total..........................................................................
470
391
580
120
833
142
2,536
.764
.657
.714
.741
.775
.827
.741
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ........................................................
Bricklayers and masons:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.............
1
1
(l)
7
101
1.118
1
1
0)
1
13
4
23
5
2
3
6
4
21
7
10
4
3
3
11
6
2
4
14
32
48
52
26
2
8
11
28
55
84
99
100
2
1
8
2
11
5
15
32
20
37
'29
63
2
33
20
93
27
74
12
229
40
16
30
107
79
20
2
1
42
47
7
12
9
10
32
117
183
259
501
47
1
1
4
14
30
52
96
100
100
1
64
112
81
2
13
54
141
37
50
348
2
630
39
1
25
13
64
14
156
5
272
135
19
85
18
170
88
515
7
25
26
175
95
352
30
204
40
896
32
5
2
1
12
87
27
92
98
100
100
100
1
1
20
78
1
m
6
4
6
18
10
4
48
3
9
12
2
6
1
3
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .........................................................
3
5
1
4
1
1
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .........................................................
Boiler makers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming...........................
Louisiana and Texas............... ...................................
California.....................................................................
3
3
22
•
5
19
1
1
W A G E S A N D H O U R S OF LABOR I N P E T R O L E U M IN D U S T R Y .
Occupation and district.
Aver
Num Num
age
ber of ber of
estab employ earnihgs
lish
per
ees.
ments.
hour.
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio......................~ ......................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisiana and Texas......... I.......... ~ ................................
California.............................................................................
5
6
20
12
2
65
68
68
271
25
.935
1.071
1.275
1.125
1.269
Total.................................................................................
52
598
1.115
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
8
7
7
25
14
4
183
141
108
121
346
96
Total..................................................................................
65
995
.926
.818
.830
.956
.895
.964
.894
92
78
4
8
24
33
.825
. 727
. 703
.737
.815
.845
Total..................................................................................
23
239
.788
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Crane operators:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisiana and T exas........................... ...........................
California.............................................................
Total.................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Crane riggers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia..............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisiana and Texas.........................................................
California.................................................... . ......................
Total.................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t . .........................................................
1Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
1
i
15
13
45
5
8
1
1.058
.782
.822
.957
.877
.982
18
87
.869
3
2
1
1
1
3
48
66
1
1
11
77
.830
.678
.850
.61-0
.591
.,804
11
204
.758
15
47
18
225
2
6
10
30
14
22
2
5
12
53
30
385
85
26
1
3
12
17
81
96
100
24
8
15
4
5
13
59
9
14
50
8
44
53
28
116
10
68
3
29
2
130
44
70
20
1
66
44
42
8
56
145
259
276
243
8
1
6
21
47
75
99
100
2
13
1
1
28
21
10
18
3
1
12
13
15
15
30
3
7
5
4
2
14
7
2
1
4
2
2
o
5
3
5
2
2
1
1
2
1
6
1
15
11
7
1
______
1
3
17
51
57
50
42
17
1
2
9
30
H
75
92
100
100
2
2
16
1
2
25
4
2
4
1
5
3
2
1
2
3
3
1
7
1
3
GENERAL TABLES.
4
6
1
5
4
3
30
7
3
13
1
7
1
_______ _______ ______ - .
Coopers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisana and Texas.........................................................
California.............................................................................
9
2
2
1
1
0)
Carpenters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisiana and Texas.........................................................
California.............................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................ : .............................
1
1
6
23
34
12
9
3
7
33
72
86
97
100
12
17
32
3
1
45
1
1
5
6
9
52
22
3
1
55
80
- € 9 ' -■ ■ 96
6
2
-9 9 -
100
51
...
-
- SO-
00
Oi
T able D .—
AVERAGE AND CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR, BY OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS, 1920— Continued.
00
C*
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Occupation and district.
80
90
60
70
30
35
40
50
45
and cents $1 and $1.25
Under and
and
and
and
and
and
and
and
30
under under under under under under under under and under under
under $1.25.
cents.
60
70
90
40
50
80
35
45
$1.50.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
$1.
REFINERIES—Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS L ABO R , M A IN TE N A N C E , A N D REPAIR—
Con.
Driving-machine operators:
Maryland, Pennsylvanis, and West Virginia...............
Total..................................................................................
1
1
2
2
7
$0.710
.634
3
9
.649
1
1
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Electricians:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio...............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
Louisiana and Texas..........................................................
California..............................................................................
7
5
6
11
9
4
Total...........................................................................
42
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................................
Helpers:12
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia..............
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio...............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and.Wyoming................................
Louisiana and T exas........................................................
California..............................................................................
Total...........................................................................
....................................................
7
1
11
79
100
7
2
4
3
7
19
4
2
3
.919
.783
.842
.978
.976
.979
1
2
251
.919
3
16
35
56
59
79
3
1
8
22
u
67
99
100
85
81
39
54
279
205
22
214
37
159
165
14
1
5
21
49
114
_______ _______
7
5
7
16
13
4
362
259
291
122
956
282
.699
.608
.690
.710
.604
.801
52
2,272
.662
3
1
1
2
1
2
1
2,183
1,661
1,514
1,354
.677
.542
.593
.539
1
2
14
14
3
2
19
4
10
2
16
5
21
5
19
16
24
20
5
103
131
51
154
32
7
218
5
103
5
136
462
204
15
4
SI
538
55
802
11
90
99
100
100
8
16
1
39
17
279
548
1,144
842
1,126
983
195
498
121
451
14
169
27
121
4
3
11
43
2
10
1
(D
8
8
7
28
1
58
39
27
30
68
29
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t
Laborers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York..................
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and O h io .............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................................
1
6
2
3
1
29
4
3
5
3
1
4
2
1
$1.50
and
over.
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Aver
Num
age
ber of Num
ber of earn
estab
employ
ings
lish
per
ments. ees.
hour.
Louisiana and Texas.........................................
California.............................................................
23
4
3,832
595
Total...... ..........................................................
78
11,139
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
Total.................................................................
.575
1
1
28
1
. 496
.580
2
29
.499
.996
1.076
.893
1.130
1.123
1.042
Total..................................................................
23
50
1.045
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
464
522
64
50
13
4
23
C1)
23
713
1,063
5,530
2,783
775
156
47
15
1
1
7
16
66
91
98
99
100
100
100
1
2
5
20
1
2
1
2
1
4
3
4
2
1
1
2
10
_______
5
21
28
100
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
i
4
8
1
2
6
1
4
1
4
10
21
9
1
8
10
18
88
80
98
100
7
40
8
7
2
1
13
51
31
14
8
41
76
20
14
20
11
29
20
68
15
45
15
110
5
4
9
64
47
1
.977
.783
.837
. 846
1.010
.994
1
3
6
1
56
813
.905
11
65
117
182
192
239
6
1
1
9
n
48
70
99
100
100
21
22
3
18
88
21
32
21
50
15
17
4
6
1
14
9
10
7
1
3
7
6
9
5
7
5
4
18
9
4
69
51
73
57
129
29
.744
.695
. 730
.717
.677
.733
Total...................................................................
47
408
.710
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..............................................
1,855
15
202
195
137
60
144
75
Painters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.................
Louisiana and Texas...........................................
California...............................................................
Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
738
7
6
6
18
15
4
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................ .
i
649
....... *
W
(>)
7
7
7
25
271
241
113
143
.891
.809
.967
.743
2
2
3
1
4
2
1
1
3
1
3
1
30
173
139
40
14
7
1
1
9
51
85
95
98
100
1
6
13
i2
26
76
9
32
34
69
17
38
70
1
50
36
9
44
16
19
9
84
30
59
7
12Not including boiler makers’ and pipe fitters’ helpers.
4
1
GENERAL TABLES.
9
5
7
5
15
9
Pipe fitters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
17
8
4
3
2
4
6
4
Total..................................................................
10
2
2
19
2
... .
Lead burners:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York .
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.........................................
California.............................................................
Machinists:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio...............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas...........................................
California............................................................. .
9
0
Laborers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
.520
.660 1
1
00
T able D .— A V E R A G E A N D C L A S S IF IE D E A R N IN G S P E R H O U R , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D D IS T R IC T S , 1920— Concluded.
00
00
Number of employees whose classified earnings per hour were—
Occupation and district.
35
40
30
60
45
50
90
70
80
$1.25 $1 50
Under and
and
and
and
and
and
and
cents $1 and
and
30
under under under under under under under under and under and
and
under
35
45
60
cents.
40
50
70
90
80
under $1.25. $1.50. over.
cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents. cents.
$1.
REFINERIES—Concluded.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR , M A IN TE N A N C E , AND REPAIR—
Con.
Pipe fitters—Concluded.
Louisiana and Texas..........................................................
California........... .................................................................
Total.......................
180
77
$0,821
. 981'
1,025
.855
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
0)
Pipe fitters* helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylviana, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
Louisiana and Texas...........................................
California...............................................................
Total.*..................................................................
55
457
488
236
301
1,377
361
.712
.581
.734
.646
.671
.802
3,220
.685
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..............................................
Total.......................
.786
.608
.756
.649
.830
20
87
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
Property keepers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..............................................
Tinsmiths:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
103
25
128
0)
Property keepers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
California...............................................................
(l)
C1)
31
57
45
3
29
36
17
38
31
170
200
206
1
20
39
60
179
77
235
S
too
too
78
232
33
73
142
1
94
54
157
867
192
55
64
57
275
224
'*78*
13
57
121
559
1,270
867
352
30
7
1
22
61
88
99
too
too
too
1
15
1
6
2
1
7
13
23
23
28
520
1
too
1.028
. 772
83
6
12
17
14
7
2
n
90
98
too
WAGES AND. HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Aver
Num
age
ber of Num
ber
of
earn
estab
employ
ings
lish
ees.
per
ments.
hour.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
Louisiana and Texas...........................................
California..............................................................
3
1
3
2
14
1
16
2
.906 1 .........
. fi7fl 1 _____
.823
.885
Total...................................................................
13
55
.874
1
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .............................................
Welders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.............................. .
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.................
Louisiana and Texas......................................... .
California............................................................. .
Total.................................................................
1
4
1
13
2
1
8
1
1
1
5
11
6
22
9
1
2
11
31
42
82
98
100
_ ____
3
1
1
33
17
35
27
29
6
^894
. 719
.923
.889
.943
.999
4
6
3
2
4
2
9
2
6
2
10
2
3
10
3
1
9
8
16
3
11
2
11
2
8
3
36
147
. 895
19
21
29
41
32
4
1
13
27
47
75
97
99
100
9
54
36
24
73
25
4
48
21
51
13
28
5
29
33
38
16
8
5
6
8
10
3
49
5
3
1
2
28
17
18
14
5
7
10
14
1
2
5
4
79
196
162
149
40
85
13
1
11
38
61
81
87
98
100
22
59
56
46
33
20
3
6
12
16
58
27
172
30
25
2
16
47
31
1
2
3
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t ............................................
Other mechanics:
Massachusetts,New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio.......................: . . .
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas.........................................
California.............................................................
7
4
7
22
13
4
126
96
142
116
202
46
.912
. 650
.729
.750
.748
.910
Total..................................................................
57
728
.770
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t ...........................................
GENERAL TABLES,
5
2
4
lL
8
3
GUARDING, ETC.
Watchmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio..............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................ .
Louisiana and Texas..........................................
California.............................................................
Total.................................................................
8
6
6
25
16
4
254
118
70
91
170
78
. 716
.582
.551
.571
.625
.679
1
1
2
3
1
1
4
6
7
19
20
3
2
10
5
8
65
781
.638
4
15
38
36
236
122
296
28
5
1
1
2
7
12
42
58
96
99
100
100
7
8
6
1
25
4
25
6
2
23
27
2
1
32
271
113
83
139
1
118
101
219
147
192
30
133
37
155
90
110
145
134
12
58
30
29
62
73
2
39
14
74
47
19
5
9
1
42
6
9
53
40
54
639
807
670
325
249
82
6
2
5
27
56
77
88
97
100
100
100
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................
Other employees:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New Y ork..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, and O hio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, and Wyoming................
Louisiana and Texas......................................... .
California.............................................................
8
9
7
22
17
4
514
491
634
370
639
291
.779
.589
.675
.676
.719
.796
Total...................................................................
67
2,939
.701
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ............................................ .
1Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
2
1
3
0)
0)
2• 4
19
1
1
2
3
2
QO
CO
T able E .— A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
1920.
Occupation and district.
Employees working each specified number of full-time hours per week.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week.
44
48
54
56
60
63
66
66£
70
84
72
W ELLS.
Derrick men:
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, andWyoming.................
California...........................................................................................
Total
...........................................................................................
C u m u la tive p
“ e r c e n t ...............................................................
Drillers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio..................................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..................................................
California..........................................................................................
Total
......................................................................
C um .ulnt.ive p e r c e n t ................................................................
Drillers’ helpers and clean-out helpers:
New York, Pennsylvania., and West Virginia.......................
891
54
....................................................
....................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..............................................................
-7
7
7
70. 0
56. 7
56.0
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
2,575
189
28
2
25
121
175
41
1,772
378
2,731
746
115
56.6
._______
6
152
2
55
1
9
5
175
2
16
28
831
1
18
20 • 1,012
4
307
32
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.
11
______
................................
Kansas Montana, Oklahoma Utah, and Wyoming..............
Total.........................
1775
115
3
3
2
2
9
8
2
13
3
Illinois Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................................
California...........
1
8
3
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
861
. ______
.
6
97
.
1
12
6
97
8
14
73.6
40
819
2
83
11
13
_____
99
1
71.0
84.0
72.0
84.0
56.3
83.6
54.0
69.3
56.0
11
_____
143
9
18
55.5
83.0
57.0
84.0
51. 5
80. 7
54. 0
58. 8
53.0
62
59.7
62
12
507
307
14
1
S3
171
4
1
1
48
41
2
5
26
i
2
11
1,532
378
82
55
175
814
465
14
38
154
34
35
41
14
2
261 1,912
12
2
100
1,509
100
26
25
13
18
142
71
18
151
16
84
l.........
1
14
38
82
85
87
87
344
100
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Num
ber
Num
Days
of esber
per
tab- of em
lish- ployees. week.
ments.
to
°
Firemen:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.............
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, ana Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.
California.........................................
Total......................
29
1
37
75
3
963
54.0
48.6
74.6
54.0
56.8
56.0
1,128
57.7
33
44
*63
49
107
963
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .
90
Gaugers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
63.0
63.0
48.0
65.2
64.9
56.0
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.
California.........................................
Total.......................
123
16
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...................................
California............................................................................
Total.......................
1,406
245
55
758
2,559
2,495,
366
3,244
785
49.1
61.7
57.3
62.1
51.4
63.4
53.2
61.6
56.0
11,913
57.7
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t . .
Pumpers and engineers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia..
1,007
161
43
1,192
397
1,755
2,021
626
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming..
Arkansas,.Louisiana, and Texas....................................
California............................................................................
Total......................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t.
57
7,202
54.3
61.5
56.0
62.9
48.6
70.3
64.4
56.0
62.5
16
87
100
45
**7§*
104
1,278
122
25
1,439
'*“ 82
*777*
252
*166*
*316*
**30*
**655*
3
*343*
i," 792*
*354*
1,059*
*744*
’ *32*
1*433*
785
2,799
1,067
2,756
509
3,551
1,179
11
41
23
32
66
60
90
100
100
100
942
61
89
‘ *29*
386
'**2*
GENERAL TABLES.
67
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.........................
11
78
54
61.3
2
14
13
9
2
33
19
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t . ,
Laborers, roustabouts, and connection men:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia .
100
91
*14*
26
42
**8i*
*1,076’
*3i*
10
*116’
'**842*
426
212
11
582
495
.,089
626
390
973
2,004
2,364
296
9
1,091
5
19
47
81
85
85
100
eo
T able E .— A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
<0
1920— Continued.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week.
Employees working each specified number of full-time hours per week.
44
48
56
54
66
63
60
66§
70
72
84
WELLS—Continued.
Rig builders:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..................................
California...........................................................................
Total...............................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..........................................................
Teamsters:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
f
5
3
2
2
2
3
1
2
183
49
53
34
3
51
44*
15
19
432
California...........................................................................
5
2
2
3
4
11
2
8
4
19
15
4
8
21
154
20
181
76
Total...............................................................................
30
498
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..................................
6
7
7
6
7
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
49. 0
69. 9
69.3
49.1
58. 3
58. 3
48. 0
56. 0
168
15.
31
3
55. 2
243
51
18
24
9
56
68
72
78
100
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas................................ .
165
61
9
182
15
816
20
409
15
2
71.4
84.0
72. 0
84. 0
56. 4
83. 7
54. 0
80.5
7
5
2
10
10
2
2
1
17
6
3
41
87
26
90
76
77
14
20
1
59. 8
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
1
17
2
34
0)
6
2
1
4
2
27
1
14
48
48
44
62.5
60. 7
57.0
61. 3
54.6
62.3
54.0
60.1
56.0
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .........................................................
Tool dressers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
1
5
41
214
8
51
12
H
180
10
40
90
92
100
1
5
159
61
9182
2
13
5
5
806
38
26
344
20
i
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
Num
ber
Num Days
ber
of esper
of em week.
tablish- ployees.
ments.
California..........................................................................................
4
217
Total..............................................................................................
.........................................................................
49
1,894
70312°— 22— B u ll. 297-
Truck drivers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia,.......................
California..........................................................................................
19
6
4
14
190
209
46
217
88
Total...........................................................................................
38
793
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .........................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming........
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..........................................
California...................................................................................
Total.......................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................................................................
Machinists—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.......
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...........................................
California....................................................................................
Total........................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................................................................
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
217
38
5
2
1
4
10
10
7
13
2
2
69
37
1
63
140
200
52
319
79
27
38
987
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
25
11
4
13
52
42
28
43
48
8
'25
274
1
1
31
170
1,393
17
26
100
19
115
59.6
115
115
156
10
238
19
132
8
15
29
49
50
80
82
99
100
67
1
55.6
2
13
i
53
135
21
15
88
89
105
67
8
46
48.3
69.8
54.0
63.0
51.2
61.5
50.2
60.5
48.0
56.0
54.0
70.0
48.0
63.0
51.7
60.8
50.1
62.7
48.0
56.0
.5
1
2
T
1
36
1
63
2
68
65
36
13
5
65
112
23
147
30
3
142
79
27
57.4
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
1
C u m u la tiv
cent
16
16 e p e r 16
66.0
68.8
57.0
63.5
50.6
61.9
54.0
66.7
56.0
2
0)
1
2
1
1
6
8
2
7
2
2
260
250
80
234
9
323
89
26
34
57
58
91
100
8
G E N E R A L TA BLES.
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.................
56.0
78.6
2
2
2
2
4
10
13
4
13
4
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.......................................
7
25
11
4
13
22
28
18
10
2
14
27
1
17
11
15
48
8
92
63
39
2
51
57
71
. 72
27
84
90
100
&
Oo
T a b l e E . — A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
CO
1920— Continued.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..................................
California...........................................................................
Total.................... .
5
2
47
3
1
1
3
9
12
6
11
2
4
18
276
218
158
324
80
73
36
1,198
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio........................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas............. ...............
California...........................................................................
Total.................... .
43
2
14
76
105
66
129
38
71
29
544
6
7
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
49.5
63.0
63.0
50.8
61.0
49.6
61.3
48.0
58.0
55.9
C u m u la tiv e p e r cent\
Other employees:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia
5
3
232
44
6
7
53.7
77.2
1
2
18
1
126
148
27
131
1
43
150
24
121
166
37
1
80
73
1
0)
4
1
1
5
10
4
9
2
3
2
6
1
56.4
C u m u la tiv e p e r cen t
Mechanics’ helpers:
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia...........
39
49.3
65.3
54.0
63.0
51.2
62.5
53.0
61.2
48.0
56.0
272
28
286
4?
32
11
41
35
48
18
237
3
336
62
1
66
67
95
100
100
2
14
41
53
11
58
45
26
38
71
159
64
170
29
41
72
72
!
130
........... i............
114
93
12
........... I............
fi
5 1...........
37
100
12
14
25
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Mechanics—Concluded.
Other mechanics—
New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, and Wyoming.
Arkansas, Lomsiana, and Texas..................................
California...........................................................................
Total..............................................................................
3
5
12
20
5
20
4
6
44
312
546
73
589
226
48
2,072
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
56.0
75.4
50.8
68.5
53.5
66.0
56.0
186
6
61.9
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .........................................................
4
2
107
18
3
204
72
157
206
226
143
2
134
104
2
223
13
311
84
85
too
264
308
545
32
368
13
28
H
55
73
Average
Number Number
Days per full-time
of es
of em
week.
hours
tablish
ployees.
per week.
ments.
25
1
67
1
Occupation and district.
16
113
6
n
n
Employees working each specified number of full-time hours
per week.
54
48
56
57
60
70
63
84
Engineers and pumpers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...............................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wvoming.........................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..................................................
California.............
-
.........................................................
Total......................................................................................................
.................................................
1
9
1
10
13
1
12
1
3
40
»
31
212
3
249
452
3
496
93
195
6
7
6
7
7
6
7
6
7
60.0
56.3
54.0
56.4
69.6
54.0
57.8
48.0
56.0
57.2
1,734
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................
Firemen:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentuckv, and Ohio...............................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.........................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..........................................................
California..................................................................................................
Total......
...................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................................................................
1
9
8
7
9
1
3
3
239
156
192
214
88
182
32
1,074
6
7
7
7
7
6
7
60.0
56.0
56.4
56.3
57.1
48.0
56.0
55.7
31
207
5
3
242
387
2
3
464
1
3
3
8
2
54
31
93
195
93
6
1,495
.31
5
6
92
94
6
n
.. 16
87
95
100
GENERAL TABLES.
PIPE LINES.
3
239
154
190
203
3
2
2
8
88
182
88
968
3
8
98
99
3 \
99
12
100
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
CD
C71
T a b l e E . — A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
1920—-Contiuued.
Average
Number Days per full-time
of em
week.
hours
ployees.
per week.
Employees working each specified number of full-time hours
per week.
48
54
56
57
63
60
|
70
84
PIPE LINES—Continued.
Gaugers—deliverymen and oil receivers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................................
California......................................................................................
Total..........................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .....................................................................
Laborers, roustabouts, etc.:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................................
California......................................................................................
Total..........................................................................................
3
8
2
10
2
12
1
12
1
2
149
114
105
158
132
243
9
329
45
19
39
1,303
9
2
11
2
9
4
11
9
1
3
569
16
941
30
2,282
554
5,615
247
730
190
40
11,174
60.0
63.1
60.0
58.8
54.0
61.7
54.0
57.6
48.0
56. 0
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
58.9
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
!
!
!
I
59.9
69.1
59. 4
65.3
54. 3
64.4
53.0
59.6
48.0
56.0
54.7
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .....................................................................
Linemen:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................................
3
2
2
1
5
5
3
5
10
6
8
4
47
32
17
94
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
60.0
67. 7
60. 0
70. 0
54. 0
64. 3
49. 8
63.3
149
56
58
105
7
28
146
7
85
265
51
13
123
131
i
5
9
45
19
45
140
609
255
65
184
5
3
H
61
81
85
100
100
3
1
2
10
556
15
83
856
20
10
2,167
115
332
222
1,487
3,543
585
181
9
55
2
730
190
1
2,222
5,793
604
10
2,112
9
422
2
20
72
77
77
96
96
100
100
10
1
5
8
4
47
19
13
12
5
25
40
29
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY,
Occupation and district.
Number
of es
tablish
ments.
OS
California.
1
Total.....................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .....................................................................
Line walkers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...........................................
California.................................................................................
Total.....................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................................
22
It
237
2
7
2
8
1
12
11
1
3
8
62
6
59
5
165
228
9
13
39
555
6
7
1
74
151
71
Total.....................................................................................
12
296
Teamsters:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...........................................
California.................................................................................
Total.....................................................................................
3
3
2
2
3
1
2
10
90
11
7
6
4
4
14
132
to* U
56. 0
59. 5
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
6
7
56. 0
56. 0
48.0
54.1
1
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
60.0
60.0
67. 5
52.3
67. 7
48. 0
56.0
60.1
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .....................................................................
Telegraph operators:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...........................................
Caufornia.................................................................................
Total....................
C u m u la tiv e p e r cen t.
52
44
18
40
57
It
S3
51
59
76
to o
5
52. 5
64. 4
57. 0
60. 3
60. 0
61. 6
64. 7
48. 0
56. 0
62. 5
7
7
6
5
26
3
37
25
3
3
41
18
5
85
74
32
24
46
130
2
9
13
14
3
238
11
56
231
2
3
3
46
48
58
to o
to o
G E N E R A L TABLES.
Oilers:
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...........................................
California.................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ....................................................................
7
5
74
151
71
71
225
n
too
10
90
2
2
9
1
5
5
4
4
6
5
5
8
7
100
14
14
89
to o
0
1
8
7
8
8
1
1
5
143
113
168
192
13
8
27
642
6
7
7
7
7
6
7
60.0
56. 0
56.0
56.0
56.3
48.0
56.0
56.0
5
143
113
168
190
2
13
8
13
622
5
2
2
99
to o
too
CD
T able E .— A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
1920— Continued.
Number Number
Average
Days per full-time
of es
of em
tablish
week.
hours
ployees.
per week.
ments.
Employees working each specified number of full-time hours
per week.
48
54
56
57
60
63
84
70
PIPE LINES—Concluded.
Truck drivers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia.
IUinios, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.............
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..............................................
California......................................................................................
Total......................................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................................................................
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia....
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio........................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...................................................
California............................................................................................
Total.......................................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................................................................................
Machinists—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia—
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio.........................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
2
2
3
1
6
4
4
4
1
3
2
3
4
5
93
26
51
52
12
15
24
263
6
6
2
7
4
6
6
1
3
6
9
2
109
24
227
25
19
6
29
427
3
3
3
1
4
3
5
8
8
5
56
10
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
60.0
70. 0
55. 5
56. 0
54. 3
64. 6
53. 5
63. 4
48. 0
56.0
57.1
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
49.3
60.0
56.0
57.8
57.8
55.9
59.1
48.0
56.0
56.4
6
7
6
7
6
7
60.0
56.0
60.0
56.0
58.3
64.4
2
3
1
3
5
5
88
4
10
16
25
27
47
12
15
16
138
55
8
46
6
69
79
83
too
4
9
2
2
40
69
18
31
95
6
101
19
1
5
19
6
1
52
135
45
183
7
5
12
u
64
97
99
100
5
8
8
5
16
40
4
6
00
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Occupation and district.
CD
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...................................................
California............................................................................................
Total......................................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..........................................................................
Other mechanics—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia....
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio........................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming..................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas...................................................
California............................................................................................
Mechanics’ helpers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...............................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.........................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..........................................................
California...................................................................................................
Total.......................................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................................................................
Other employees:
New J e r s e y , New York, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia............
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, and Ohio...............................................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wyoming.........................
Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas..........................................................
California...................................................................................................
Total.......................................................................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................................................................
38
12
18
13
24
173
3
3
6
2
6
4
7
8
1
3
177
17
116
26
97
35
267
25
67
103
30
930
2
2
4
2
5
2
1
3
2
12
53
7
73
9
56
24
18
236
3
3
1
6
5
7
6
8
1
2
48
9
5
73
51
23
49
108
56
45
29
467
6
7
6
7
48.0
56.0
48.0
56.0
54.9
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
57.6
69.2
58. 6
56.0
54.9
61.2
52.0
59.1
48.0
56.0
55.3
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
54.0
50.0
58.9
60.0
52.8
56.0
48.0
56.0
53.5
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
60.0
62.2
60.0
57.0
54.8
60.9
52.5
65.5
48.0
56.0
57.7
38
12
18
13
56
16
42
53
6
32
42
66
97
100
142
35
1
13
16
101
2
26
13
57
140
68
27
17
10
8
3
4
59
18
67
103
268
127
165
329
13
28
29
42
60
96
97
100
1
10
1
2
43
10
5
41
GENERAL TABLES.
Total.......................................................................................................
C u m u la t iv e p e r c e n t ............................ : ...........................................
2
2
1
3
6
2
26
9
56
24
108
16
38
72
2
46
53
69
99
100
48
5
4
5
70
44
1
15
2
7
14
31
2
7
18
20
3
48
22
56
45
71
75
182
63
20
32
24
15
31
70
84
88
95
100
CD
CD
Occupation and district.
Over
45
45 and 48
un
der
48.
Over
Over
Over
54
56
49
and
and
54
56 and 60
49
un
un
un
der
der
der
56.
60.
54.
I
Over
Over
63
66
and
63 un 66 and 70
un
der
der
66.
70.
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
AverNum Num
age
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
ments. ees.
per
week.
Over
Over
72
77
and
72
77 and 84
un
un
der
der
77.
84.
REFINERIES.
REFINING.
Clay roasters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas.
California.............
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Coal passers and ashmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
2
13
3
3
62
1
23
1
28
9
2
26
145
3
1
2
5
1
2
1
3
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
100
37
84
20
262
158
Total............................................................
11
661
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................................
Engineers and chillermen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
48.7
56.0
50.7
56.9
48.0
56.9
48.0
56.3
56.0
48.0
12
55.6
16
4
3
7
3
6
41
44
15
85
13
38
6
7
7
6
7
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
1
___ I........
1
60
2
1
20
3
27
9
1
|
1
2
48.0
56.0
56.0
66.0
59.9
48.0
100
54.7
48.1
55.9
48.5
58.6
52.9
57.5
1
3
2
11
3
3
1
1
4
1
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
7
6
1
2
i.......
12 I
1
119
1
4
2
13
95
96
99
100
37
84
20
128
121
258
249
121
20
13
39
77
95
98
100
13
158
40
1
2
13
1
42
1
77
6
2
8
5
36
2
100
T a b l e E .— A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
1920— Continued.
....
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..
Louisiana, Texas.........................
California......................................
Total.......................
1
15
2
3
1
1
2
114
20
53
4
3
45
432
6
7
6
7
6
7
48.0
57.0
48.0
56.0
48.0
56.0
20
55.3
85
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
Filterers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..................
Louisiana, Texas.........................................
Total......................
2
3
7
1
5
7
36
23
3
15
18
84
6
7
7
6
7
48 O
56.0
60.0
48.0
56.0
56.1
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..................
Louisiana, Texas.........................................
California......................................................
Total.......................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t . .
Gaugers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.........
Louisiana, Texas..
California...............
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .
539
366
126
418
30
761
155
214
280
517
79
47
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
53.6
80 3,532
4
3
1
1
3
1
17
5
15
1
3
11
9
1
3
15
1
54
25
95
4
16
52
234
48. 0
55.8
48.1
56.3
59 6
57 1
48 0
56.3
48 0
56.0
48.0
56.0
6
7
6
7
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
49.8
56.0
54.0
56.0
58.8
54.0
57.0
48.2
56.2
48.0
56.0
55.2
3
1
20
2
20
2
21
7
2 317
21
95
10
70
95
539
|
......
5
1
97
1
13
100
3
1
3
100
96
55 311
113 13
413
1
729
155
5
29
3
1
211
280
j
47
il167 13
S 3 1 S3
552228
35 1 9 8
1
1
3
1
1
1
24
29
99
1
99
3
99
36 ....
i o o :....
i
9
3
12
3
52
93
4
29
2
!
!
517
79
15
5
96
15
12
35
'
36
19
3
7
3
l
1
53
2
1
1
16
1
15
61...... 185
97
1 8 ' ......
1
97
4
99
2 l...
1 0 0 '....
101
Total......................
4
5
2
8
2
7
3
25
2
22
1
3
__ I____!....
|
5
GENERAL TABLES.
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
ioe
4
20
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..
Firemen and assistant engineers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
2
able
E .— A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
1920— Continued.
Occupation and district.
Over
45
45 and
Un 48
der
48.
Over
Over
Over
54
56
49
and 54 and 56 and 60
49 un
un
un
der
der
der
54.
56.
60.
Over
Over
63
66
and
63 un 66 and 70
un
der
der
66.
70.
Over
Over
72
77
and
72 un 77 and
un
der
der
77.
84.
91
REFINERIES—Continued.
refining—continued.
Molders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork...
43
25
9
35
4
6
23
5
6 48.0
7 56 0
6 49.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
43
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
3
2
1
2
1
1
4
1
Total............................................................
14
150
52.8
52
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Molders (female):
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
.C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ......................................
Oilers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ......................................
Pressmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork...
8
6 52.5
35
4
1
89
9
100
41
2
6
25
1
3
2
2
1
6 48.0
7 55.5
6 48.7 i; ; ; ;
7 56.0
7 56.0 _
7 59.51
13
1
13
8
9
19
3
2
9
54
52.9
16
99
29
6 48.0
7 55.6i
100
!
\
3
3
6
i
i
99
6
1
!
41
1
..........
5
19
3
1
,
80
4
3
6
23
5
85
2
25
9
...J
1
\
I
i
l
3
28
l
46
98
100
9 20
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
AverNum Num
age
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
ments. ees.
per
week.
102
T
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.. i. . . ' ...... ~ .................
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
5
7
51
6
111
1
9
3
41
33
13
31
384
1
i
7
48.0
7 58.2
7 56.3
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
6
47
109
41
33
53.4
_____i_____
13
139
86
___
9 2301......
9 8 ......
3
1
11
8
7 56.0
7 56.0
11
8
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
4
19
56.0
19
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
Total....................................................
C u m u lative p e r c e n t .................................
Pumpmen’s helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
6
197
22
94
14
165
52
174
77
23
48.7
7 55.4
48.3
7 57.9
6 52.5
7 57.2
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.2
6 48.0
7 56.0
70 1,087
53.6
365
2
3
1
84
34
34
34
5
3
7
3
6
2
22
2
19
1
3
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
6
1
1
43
14
3
29
447
54.0
1
2
2
8
1
Total.........
213
139
25
105
48.4
7 55.0
48.3
7 56.0
6 54.0
7 56.3
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.8
6 48.0
7 56.0
5
4
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
California...............................................
2
4
99
100
\
6
6
2
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
1
i
100
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
1
!
1
3
5
83
48
13
112
2
77
8
43
1
1
2
1
2
58 81
2
90
14
77
4
164
i
169
5
i
i
23
79
9
7
1
52
6
2
98
3
6
12
4
58 625
12
4
6
97
98
98
99
89
35 13
...... !.... ___ i
...... L...
4
112
1
74
S
38
14
'"T " '
1" - V”
25
3
4i .
26
!
35 283
4
97
98
S4
....
5
3
1
112
1
43
1
1
. .. .. 1
1
8
98 100
11
100
tables.
California.................................................
4 ....
|
general
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
1
1
1
89
Press runners:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Pumpmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
....
. .. .1
1
...... !....
1.
i
!
!
. ! 2
i
i .
.. . r
Occupation and district.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
56
45
49
54
63
and
and
and
and
45 un 48 49 un 54 un 56 un 60 63 and
un
der
der
der
der
der
56.
48.
54.
60.
66.
Over
Over
66
72
77
and 70 72 and 77 and 84 91
un
un
un
der
der
der
77.
70.
84.
Over
66
REFINERIES—Continued.
r e f in in g —
Continued.
Repairmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...............
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
Retort, acid, and kettle men:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
3
1
2
2
1
1
1
11
2
1
1
48.0
7 54.7
48.4
48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
36
48.9
17
1
5
9
6
17
6
6
3
9
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California. .•.............................................
4
1
1
48.0
7 55.8
54.0
7 56.0
7 56.0
56.0
7 56.0
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
14
85
54.9
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Still inspectors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
2
2
2
3
1
1
3
1
1
10
18
4
10
23
19
4
9
6
4
T
1
2
2
|......
1
1
30
83
2
89
1
92
3
100
6
10
6
3
13
3
68
1
15
19
99
100
48.0
7 59.1
56.0
7
7 56.0
6
3 15
1
10
23
19
1
4
7
6
4
2
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
Average
Num Num
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
per
ments. ees.
week.
104
T able E .— AVERAG E AND SPECIFIED FULL-TIME HOURS PER W E E K , B Y OCCUPATIONS, DISTRICTS, AND D AYS PER W EEK,
1920— Continued.
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
1
2
7 56.0
Total..................................................
...............................
6
25
55.8
Stillmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...........................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming
Louisiana, Texas....................................
California...............................................
Stillmen’sassistants, chargers, andheaders-up:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...............
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming ..
Louisiana, Texas.................................
California.........................
Total................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..........................
Sweatermen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California.................................................
2
16
C u m u lative p e r c e n 92
t
100
6
16
37
48.0
7 55.6
48.0
7 58.2
6 72.0
7 57.5
6 48.0
7 56.4
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
135
6
80 1,205
54.2
340
3
5
1
8
1
7
3
25
2
22
1
3
135
119
16
103
2
201
67
188
100
215
22
150
56
1
22
67
117
224
16
27
59 1,344
53.6
406
6
3
20
2
12
1
3
157
315
117
159
101
. ...
11
3 ....
215
37
32 809
31
150
6
8
2
185
22
48.0
7 55.5
6 48.0
7 56.6
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
4
95
190
100
28
3
5
32 87
23
98
2
22
98
100
33
22
149
315
2
159
101
224
16
80
6
27
23 907
82
99
6
2
100
100
=
3
3
1
30
12
5
6
7
6
12
2
7
7
7
1
23
16
4
14
5
26
123
3
1
6
6
1
3
6
6
7
6
30
48.0
56.0
48.0
56.0
60.0
57.2
56.4
48.0
56.0
48.0
5
12
12
2
22
4
5
I
j
53.5
'
J
1
..
1
15
....
1
14
44
75
86
97
2
1
99 p e r c e n t
C u m98
u la tive
1
100
105
Total....................................................
.................................
19
GENERAL TABLES.
Total...................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..........................
2
4
1920— Continued.
Occupation and district.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
45
49
54
56
63
and 48 49 and 54 and 56 and 60 63 and
un
un
un
un
un
der
der
der
der
der
54.
48.
56.
60.
66.
Over
Over
72
66
77
and 70 72 and 77 and 84 91
un
un
un
der
der
der
70.
84.
77.
Over
66
REFINERIE S—Continued.
r e f in in g —
c o n c lu d e d .
Testers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............. ^.............
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas......................................
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t ..................................
7
32
48.0
7 56.0
49.1
7 56.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.8
6 48.0
7 56.0
28
139
52.9
2
1
2
1
8
3
12
3
5
9
14
15
17
17
2
21
6
Testers (iemale):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
1
5
6
49.0
Testers’ assistants:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
1
1
1
1
1
8
6
6
6
4
11
48
49
56
48
56
56
Louisiana, Texas....................................
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
Treaters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
5
1
4
9
35
6
3
21
11
8
6
7
6
7
7
53.0
6 49.5
7 56.0
3
11
1
17
14
15
.
15
21
2
32.
1
46
11
1
79
2
S3
41
40
99
100
5
100
1
8
6
5
11
4
6
8
21
17
40
100
17
2
ii
!
2
1
j
1
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
AverNum Num
age
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
ments. ees.
per
week.
106
T able E — A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming
Louisiana, Tfwras
.......
..........
California___
___
Total.........
........
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
Treaters’ helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
...........
Total................
.........................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
Water purifiers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Transas, Oklahoma. Wyoming
Total.............
...
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
Water tenders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..........
Louisiana, Texas...................................
California...................................
.....
2
2
6
8
73
235
55.3
6
2
23
4
3
6
6
2
2
49
9
6 56.4
7 56.0
60.0
7 56.8
6 48.0
7 56.2
6 48.5
7 56.7
6 48.0
7 56.0
36
191
54.3
1
28
10
2
4
33
2
10
31
3
6
11
12
5
13
6 48.0
7 56.0
7 56.0
6
24
54.3
6
9
...... j 3
6
72
27
1
2
37
25
9
48.0
7 55.9
48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 59.0
6 48.0
7 61.1
7 56.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
28
293
52.7
2
1
3
1
5
1
5
5
8
51
19
23
11
11
..
,
55
!
|
44
4
I
2
1
2
2
4
8
.. 1. ... 48
2
3
161
5
10
1
5
20
21
23
91
93
97
98
100
21
6
!
...... 1* '"
...... !*“ '
i
10
49
26
1
6
1
2
1
10
12
30
2
30
1
i
i
44
5
1
1
!
1
l
9
6
1
123
29
29
94
____i
3
8
1
95
99
100
i
________
5
6
13
5
21
3
1
2
16
4
9
1
1
27
3
6
4
1
1
i
---- 1.......
i
. . . 1. .
I
6
72
6
8
|
___ '___
!
i
|
____ ___ ___ ____
___ 1________ ___
___
3 24
51
19
1
20
11
25
1
|
135 . . . j ......
..
46
.....
1
19
100
___
...... i
2
9
37
2
9
1
i
i
3 150
47
98
i
i
1
1
4
1
=
=== *=========
.= =
99
======
===
100
107
Total...................................................
.....
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................
4
59
9
48
13
28
5
GENERAL TABLES.
Louisiana, Tairas
California.................................................
23
3
17
50.3
7 57.0
6 52.8
7 60.3
6 48.0
7 57.2
6 48.0
7 56.6
6 48.0
7 56.0
5
4
3
Occupation and district.
Over
Over
45
49
and 54
45 and
48
49
un
un
der
der •
48.
54.
Over
Over
Over
54
56
63
and 56 and 60 63 and
un
un
un
der
der
der
56.
60.
66.
Over
Over
66
72
77
and 70 72 and 77 and 84 91
un
un
un
der
der
der
70.
77.
84.
Over
66
REFINERIES—Continued.
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING.
Branders and painters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana,"Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California.................................................
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
2
1
32
28
13
4
2
11
15
96
4
3
3
8
6
6
6
6
6
6
1
Fillers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
6
5
36
51
43
1
2
1
6
7
47.9
50.5
48.4
48.0
7 59.5
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
49.2
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
7
. . ..
4
Total....................................................
33
238
2
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
21
5
2
8
11
5
63
21
5
71
93
49.0
5
i__
------ ,----- —
98
1
6
6
6
6
2
9
32
7 *25*
27
2
100
---- 1.......
1
100
48
9
44
California................................
6
27
13
4
48.4
Branders and painters (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................................
1
5
47.5
49.9
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
=
2
3 16
5
,
i
!
2
1
3
48
9
44
9
2
4
5
159 25
71
82
5
21
84
93
—
L...
i
12
2
3
98
99
100
b.. .
i
3
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
Average
Num Num
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
per
ments. ees.
week.
108
T able E.—A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
1920— Continued.
Fillers (female):
'
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..................................
70312°— 22— Bull. 297-
Inspectors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.................
1
52
6
44.0 52
100
California.................................................
3
5
48.0
49.2
53.3
•48.0
7 57.4
6 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
Total....................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................................
24
63
49.9
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
Nailers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..................................
Packers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Tessas.....................................
Total....................................................
.'.........
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ......................
Packers (female):
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.: .............. -..........
Total....................................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..................................
5
20
8
4
13
5
2
1
6
1
5
3
6
6
6
6
9
1
1
1
.7
6
19
1
2
1
3
6
6
6
6
48.0
49.0
54.0
48.0
44.0
7
4
1
l
5
-
33 13
3
73
78
9
v -i
S
90
5
98
1
.
100
_____ ___ _ _ _ ___
___
2
7
1
50.3
6
1
6
52
3
3
is
1
13
7-
10
2
53
63
100
12
4
3
100
5
3
1
1
2
1
13
31
17
5
3
51
48.0
50.1
4s. 0
G 48.0
7 56.0
6 48.0
109
48.6
2
31
6
6
6.
1
5
2
,___
2
1
1
123
■4
175
12
40
6
6
6
90
12
83
94
18.0
41.0 12
46.7 13
123
47.4 25
150
U_
--------- ........ ■=T===i—
3
si
—
d
97
3
100
27
100
T---- 1—
1
1
— —
— ------ .— r T~?— — —
—
—- —
__ i___•
.
1
--- ---- =•------ - — ,.-----
109
2
GENERAL TABLES.
Nailers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............. ...............
California.................................................
oo
Total.............................. '....................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..................................
4
4
E .—
AVERAGE AND SPECIFIED FULL-TIME HOURS PER WEEK, BY OCCUPATIONS, DISTRICTS, AND DAYS PER WEEK,
1920—Continued.
Occupation and district.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
72
77
45
54
56
63
66
49
and 54 and 56 and 60 63 and 66 and 70 72 and 77 and 81
45 and
48
*49
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
un
der
der
der
der
der
der
der
der
66.
70.
77.
84.
48.
54.
56.
60.
91
REFINERIES—Continued.
FHAINGy PACKING, AND SHIPPING—CODCld.
Tank-carl oaders:
Massachusetts,New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California - _______________
- -
Total....................................................
............... ..................
Testers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Total
...
.
..
....
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t .............................
Weighers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.................
4
2
7
7
10
17
5
13
4
20
3
57
31
21
54
30
34
11
69
261
1
1
4
9
2
13
~
6
7
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
5 0 .3
6 0 .7
4 9 .4
5 2 .0
5 1 .1
5 6 .1
4 8 .0
5 7 .2
4 8 .0
5 2 .2
6
6
4
18
13
4
2
11
1
1
7
7
5 6 .0
4 8 .0
6 3 .0
1
9
1
i
6
T2
1
4
2
8
I
53
i
4
30
29
i
11
2
1
91
86
84
28
10 30
u la tiv
68e p e r c e n t94
46C u m 60
5
12
8
3
6
5
97
99
2
100
'
1
1
9
4
3
96
|
4
4 8 .7
6
28
4
11
4 8 .0
4 9 .0
6 ' 4 7 .5
6 4 8 .6
6 5 1 .0
1
2
81
2
1
2
1
1
4
14
21
9
100
1
5
1
11
1
i
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified numbeYoTfiill-fime houfs per week.
AverNum Num
ber of ber of Days S t
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
ments. ees.
per
week.
n o
T able
California................................................
3
10
6 48.0
Total...................................................
C u m u lative 'per c e n t .................................
13
58
50.0
.......1___
I
10
5
34
5
1
11
9
67
76
78
97
6
30
1
98
1
100
TRANSPORTATION— RAILROAD, MOTOR, AND
TEA M .
Brakemen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
!
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
3
1
2
1
36
3
7
2
Total....................................................
6
48
C u m u la tiv e p er c e n t ..................................
47.5
50.0
49.3
48.0
1
2
47.9
6
33
9
1$
81
100
6
6
6
13
5
8
3
4
51
37
47
32
12
60
5
31
48.0
50.3
56.0
50.1
57.6
48.6
67.2
6 48.0
C u m u la tive p er c e n t ..................................
51
_____
275
50.8
____
Conductors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
3
12
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
1
2
12
6 48.0
5 50.0
6 49.5
7 75.0
12
1
Total....................................................
C u m u la tive p e r c e n t ..................................
5
27
60.2
12
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California.................................................
Total....................................................
Engineers, railroad:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
1
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California...............
2
Total..................
14
4
21
1
6
6
5
7
6
2
4
1
158 28
___
69
69
84
____
3
4
1
11
29
1
99
99
*1
...... 1....
|
1
54.0
44
5
70
78
2
_ _ ___ ____ ___
!
...J
66
63
2
I
!
1
i
___
3
3
' -
j 0
...... 1" "
I
1
2
1
1
i
i
1
88
2
14
2
3
2 40.
70
2
1
12
16
8
31
23
4
6
2
20
5
23
11
1
48.0
49.5
50.0
77.0
48.3
7 56.0
6 48.0
23
...... r —
!
|
28
51
4
u
3
2
1
1
5
C u m u la tiv e p e r cen t.
1
51
6
6
6
6
7
6
7
1
1
3
6
7
5
7
5
81
100
100
G E N E R A L TABLES.
Chauffeurs:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.................
6
5
6
6
r
12
2
3
*
2
81
12
100
h-1
Occupation and district.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
49
54
56
63
45
and
and
and
and
and
60
56
63
45 un 48 49 un 54 un
un
un
der
der
der
der
der
66 .
48.
54.
56.
60.
Over
66
Over
Over
66
72
77
and 70 72 and 77 and 84 91
un
un
un
der
der
der
77.
84.
70.
REFINERIES—Continued.
TRANSPORTATION— RAILROAD, MOTOR, AND
t e a m — concluded.
Firemen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
3
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
1
1
1
2
1
.Total...................................................
8
C u m u la tiv e 'per c e n t ..................................
Teamsters and drivers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, West Virginia..........
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California................... .............................
Total.
4
3
3
14
5
3
47.7
5 50.0
6 52.5
7 77.0
6 48.0
7 56.0
36
60.2
11
1
2
6
4
16
19
5
65
50.3
49.6
52.5
7 64.3
6 49.9
6 48.3
7 56.0
6 53.6
26
280
51.0
2
5
3
2
23
126
24
2
6
6
6
1
1
g
12
6
6
48.0
48.0
•
10
1
2
5
1
15
S
u
16
14
3
3
2
ii.4*
14
3
58
100
61
3
10
10
10
11
5
2
2
4
1
18
61
59 114
8
12
1
1
4
21
C u m u la tiv e p e r cen t.
Trackmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
1
62
5
2
90
5
1
g
1
68
95
96
97
100
100
WAGES AND HOTJKS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
Average
Num Num
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours
per
ments. ees.
week.
112
T able E .— AVERAGE AND SPECIFIED FULL-TIME HOURS PER WEEK, BY OCCUPATIONS, DISTRICTS, AND DAYS PER WEEK,
1920— Continued.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
1
2
48
4
Total............................................................
5
l' 72
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
6
6
54.0
48.0
>
48
1
i
4
52.0
—
24
48
33
100
—
—
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, M AINTENANCE,
AN D REPAIR.
Blacksmiths:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
6
5
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
7
13
11
4
18
34
1
41
40
33
12
Total............................................................
47
179
1
6
6
7
6
6
6
6
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming....................
Louisiana, Texas..........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
3
2
1
1
2
12
1
1
47
4
80
25
3
4
12
3
1
28
73
87
89
91
98
99
100
375
2
135
2
166
2
102
2
271
2
94
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
47.8
54.7
48.6
59.5
48.5 109
70.0
47.4 22
56.0
48.0
1
56.0
48.0
25
350
60 1,153
48.1 132
25
869
U
89
11
6
4
1
6
16
2
10
4
470
386
5
580
117
3
833
142
48 2,536
6
6
7
6
6
7
6
6
|
2
70
55
6
4
1
11
5
75
5
269
1
41
1
!.......
2
2
2
94
47.6
48.8
56.0
46.1 441
47.9
5
56.0
1
48.0
48.0
66
47.6 447
66
18
20
—
—
55
94
404
101 251
6
94
15
2
5
96
96
96
33
1
10
11
1
1
2
100 100
100
41
___
—
=
5
68
111
50
v •
3
832
142
1658 251
86
96
43
13
8
50
97
98
-98
too
113
25
4
14
32
12
j
6
1
5
2
6
1
21
2
13
1
4
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Boiler makers’ helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
22
25
14
4
GENERAL TABLES.
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
4
26
47.9
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Boiler makers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
47.3
49.2
63.0
48.5
45.7
48.4
48.0
1920— Continued.
Occupation and district.
Num
ber of Days
em per
ploy week.
ees.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week.
Over
45
45 and 48
un
der
48.
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
54
49
56
66
63
and
and
and
and
and
49 un 54 un 56 un 60 *63
un 66 un 70
der
der
der
der
der
56.
54.
60.
66.
70.
Over
Over
72
77
and
72 un 77 and
un 84
der
der
77.
84.
REFIXERIE S—Continued.
!
1
l
|
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND
repair—continued.
Bricklayers and masons:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming....................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total.............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Carpenters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..............
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California...................
....................
Total............................................................
7
5
6
20
1
11
1
2
101
65
68
67
1
267
4
25
52
598
8
7
7
23
2
14
4
183
141
108
119
2
346
96
65
995
6
6
6
6
7
6
n
6
47.6
48.2
48.0
47.5
56.0
48.1
56.0
48.0
48.0
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
47.1
49.5
45.3
47.9
56.0
48.0
48.0
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
4
5
1
1
92
69
9
4
6
6
7
6
88
28
55
56
i
1
2
1
30
1
265
2
4
25
- -
25
13
517
30
4
5
4
4
6
93
98
98
99
to o
55
128
27
20
91
83
18
3
80
21
10
2
10
3
1
2
2
3
340
96
55
702
80
21
25
2
2
10
16
87
95
97
99
99
100
22
70
22
10
26
5
....
4
47.3
50.2
63.0
48.0
i
|
|
2
47.8 104
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .................
Coopers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
13
6
9
10
4
.....
100
____
6
9
____
...
... ___
. . . ____ _____ ___
..
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments.
114
T a b l e E — A V E R A G E A N D S P E C IF IE D F U L L -T IM E H O U R S P E R W E E K , B Y O C C U P A T IO N S , D IS T R IC T S , A N D D A Y S P E R W E E K ,
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming....................
•*
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Crane operators:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
3
2
4
3
23
6
2
24
33
6
7
6
6
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas......... 1...............................
California........................................................
15
13
37
8
5
8
1
Total.............................................................
18
87
6
6
6
7
6
6
6
48.6
49.4
56.1
68.3
47.2
48.0
48.0
48
66
1
1
11
77
Total.............................................................
11
204
2
6
6
6
6
6
6
Total.............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Electricians:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia .
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .
2
7
3
9
6'
2
4
2
5
1
10
2
9
3
1
54
4
35
4
24
3
26
4
68
26
3
42
251
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
6
7
157
10
26
9
75
79
90
93
1
12
2
9
2
1
1
1
27
9
3
3
11
4s
53
56
60
47.9
49.1
48.0
54.0
48.0
48.0
2
46
49
17
48.4
2
135
49
17
1
1
67
91
100
100
9
100
27
7
1
61
27
7
92
100
1____
1
1
11
77
48.0
49.3
2
49.0
2
22
48.7
6
96
4
8
1
9
47.6
55.0
49.3
57.8
48.1
56.0
47.8
56.0
48.1
48.0
56.0
U
2
1
1
2
9
3
4
3
4
56
100
25
6
1
44
3
2
1
2
3
8
10
5
1
1
3
1
25
2
64
26
4
2
3
13
9
169
25
6
10
3
14
5
9
76
86
88
92
94
99.
.1
1
100. w o.
J
115
Total.....................
1
2
22
8
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Driving-machine operators:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o rk ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia .
V
7
GENERAL. TABLES.
3
2
1
1
1
3
2
10
53.6
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Crane riggers:
Massachusetts, N ew Jersey, N ew Y ork___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming....................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
4
24
33
49.0
239
5
3
3
3
2
2
1
50.0
56.0
48.0
48.0
1920— Continued.
Occupation and district.
Over
45
45 and 48
un
der
48.
Over
Over
Over
56
49
54
and
and
49 un 54 un 56 and
un 60
der
der
der
56.
60.
54.
Over
Over
63
66
and
63 un 66 and 70
un
der
der
66.
70.
Over
Over!
72
77
and
72 un 77 and 84
un
der
der
77.
84.
REFINERIES—Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, M A INTE NANCE, AND
repair—continued.
Helpers?2
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia .
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, W yoming___
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California......................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ...................................
Laborers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork ...
7
1
4
1
7
16
12
2
4
1
361
1
255
4
291
122
953
3
279
3
52 2,272
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.......................................
California........................................................
Total.......: ...................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
47.5
56.0
49.0
63.0
48.6
49.1
48.0
56.0
48.0
56.0
48.2
59
8 2,120
63
1,623
38
1,301
213
1,204
150
3,688
144
595
7
3
7
4
22
10
19
8
4
78 11,139
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
48.3
56.0
49.2
63.0
54.5
61.9
48.7
58.8
48.2
56.0
48.0
49.7
I
,
1
301
1
72 152
___
5
26
._ .
4
95
5
9
4
102
92
944
7
58
25
2
21
2
I
____ I....
3
279
3 .......
109
5
3
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia .
6
7
6
7
6
6
6
7
6
7
59
7
150
4 1790 152
34
83
21
7
2
7
4
8
93
95
98
99
99
100
100
100
9
5
2
61
239 1101
201
71
86
1856
94
2
141
872
273
49
1066
i38
3558
65
90
24
36
3
152
1
6
20
595
7455 1101
69
78
210 1151
80
91
2
345
91
94
109 306 251
6
10
100
100
100
95
98
1
|
1
i
! ___
i
___ i.............. .
60
15
1
2
9
144
36 150
0)
___
4
11
1
12
i
1
4'____
100
2
1
100
ioo\
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
Aver
age
Num Num
ber of ber of Days full
estab em per time
lish ploy week. hours 44
ments. ees.
per
week.
116
T a b l e E .— AVERAG E AND SPECIFIED FULL-TIME HOURS PER W E E K , B Y OCCUPATIONS, D ISTRICTS, AND D A Y S PER W EEK,
Laborers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia .
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.....................T..........
Total.......................................................... .
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Lead burners:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Painters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
28
1
2
29
4
3
2
3
1
5
1
4
9
5
7
4
1
12
3
9
23
50
7
5
1
6
16
2
14
2
4
1
202
193
2
137
58
2
142
2
73
2
56
813
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
69
49
2
73
48
9
129
29
Total...........................................................
47
408
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
26
2
44.8
26
2
1
^ e ss than one-half of 1 per cent.
6
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
6
6
7
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
100
47.3
48.9
48.0
47.0
'56.0
50.0
56.0
48.0
1
49.0
1
2
35
3
2
6
76
82
1
84
176
13 167
10
47.6
49.1
63.0
48.9
48.8
56.0
48.0
56.0
48.0
56.0
48.5
6
6
7
6
6
-7
6
6
1
9?
47.8
49.1
63.0
45.5
48.6
56.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
2
7
1
7
3
3
1
1
8
4
3
9
26
4
4
92
100
1
2
2
72
7
50
13
8
1
140
1
1
37
7
2
2
73
2
73
26
9
12
4
459 167
10
24
37
6
1
8
2
69
89
90
93
98
99
99
100
100
65
11
36
1
1
10
43
5
5
1
128
.29
1
2
57
9
57
•u
4
286
15
85
36
94
12
.97
9
' 99
2.
100
2
100
2 Not including boiler makers’ and pipe fitters’ helpers.
117
44.4
56.0
90
7
4
1
4
15
3
9
4
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
6
7
GENERAL TABLES.
Machinists:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
1
1
1920— Continued.
Occupation and district.
Num
ber of Days
em per
ploy week.
ees.
Aver
age
full
time
hours 44
per
week.
Over
45
45 and
un 48
der
48.
Over
Over
Over
56
54
49
and
and
49 and
54
56
un
un 60
un
der
der
der
54.
56.
60.
63
Over
Over
66
63
and
and
66
un 70
un
der
der
66.
70.
Over
Over
72
77
and 77 and 84
72 un
un
der
der
84.
77.
REFINERIES—Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS L AB O R , M A INTE N AN CE, AND
.r e p a i r — continued.
Pipe fitters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming....................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Pipe fitter's helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
*
7
2
6
2
7
1
21
6
16
2
4
268
3
231
10
107
6
127
16
177
3
77
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
49.4
68 1,025
7
456
1
1
473
5
2
15
230
7
2
6
272
17
2
29
12 1,328
2
49
47.7
56.0
49.0
60.2
53.6
63.0
49.1
58.6
48.3
56.0
48.0
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
48.0
56.0
49.1
60.2
52.2
63.0
49.0
56.0
47.9
56.0
24
244
3
69 149
12
1
4
63
26
6
i
I
i
1 '
18
6
103
24
166
4
10
3
6
4
3
77
3
0)
24
685 149
3
69
60
388
H
103
20
23
18
n
96
98
100
8
1
96 334
33
i
9
6
108
84
228
44
29
19
9
38
2
1309
49
2
2
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified ntimber of full-time hours pet week.
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments.
118
T a b l e E . — AVERAG E AND SPECIFIED FULL-TIME HOURS PER W E E K , B Y OCCUPATIONS, D ISTRICTS, AND D AYS PER W E E K ,
CaTfornia........................................................
Tota1............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Property keepers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
o
55 3,220
3
2
4
1
2
g
x
1
22
19
20
1
2
21
1
1
20
87
48.8
6
6
6
7
6
7
6
7
48.0
48.8
47.6
63.0
51.0
57.0
48. 0
56.0
50.6
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
1
Tinsmiths:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork...
Maryland, Pennsylvania,West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
3
1
3
1
3
2
12
10
14
1
16
2
13
55
T otal.........................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
Welders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o rk ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
1
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
36
147
8
2490 334
80
90
22
3
10
16
33 129
87
47
11
91
98
99
100
95
6
6
6
6
6
6
48.0
49.0
44.3
48.0
48.0
48.0
1
47.2
37
16
1
19
2
4
52
70
71
93
95
100
1
12
13
6
6
6
6
7
6
6
____
5
!
3
8
u
100
1
9
1
1
16
2
100
..1
1
18
13
— *f........
'........[*•"
8
2
2
1
49.0
_____ _ _____
33
17
35
26
1
29
6
1 Less than one-half of 1 per cent.
2
100
5
2
4
13
1
8
3
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
6
60
1
10
32
10
82
100
_____ _ _
_____
47.5
49.0
44.5
48.2
56.0
48 0
48.0
31
3
47.3
34
5
87
16
1
3
1
23
27
86
97
97
99
100
28
16
1
4
20
3
1
29
6
___ _ _____
GENERAL* TABLES.
Property keepers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
19
E.— AVERAG E AN D SPECIFIED FULL-TIM E HOURS PER W E E K , B Y OCCUPATIONS, DISTRICTS, AND D A YS PER W E E K ,
1920— Concluded.
Occupation and district.
Num
ber of
estab
lish
ments.
Over
45
45 and 48
un
der
48.
Over
Over
Over
54
54
49
and
and
54
56 and 60
49
un
un
un
der
der
der
56.
60.
54.
Over
Over
66
63
and
63 un 66 and 70
un
der
der
66.
70.
Over
Over
72
77
and
72 un 77 and 84
un
der
der
77.
77.
91
REFINERIES—Concluded.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND
r e p a i r — Concluded.
Other mechanics:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas.......................................
California........................................................
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t ..........t ..........................
|
7
.2.
3
1
7
2
18
9
12
3
4
121
5
93
3
134
8
92
24
190
12
46
6 47.8
7 56.0
6 48.9
7 63.0
6 52.5
7 6Q.4
6 48.8
7 56.6
6 47.8
7 56.0
6 48.0
57
728
49.6
14
104
1
2
5
5
9
88
1
32.
13
i
3
41
80
12
176
1
9
42
5
1
22
2
2
12
46
22
14
443
88
2
3
5
66
78
78
54
42
44
86
91
97
2
98
9
6
2
99
too
too
1
2
g u a r d in g , e t c .
Watchmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o r k ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
4
6
1
5
1
6
1
24
3
14
168
86
28
90
32
38
9
82
60
110
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
48.4
64.6
48.063.0
72.6
73.7
48.0
61.5
48.2
60.1
148
14
2
60
1
1
’ i
18
28
2
65
*29'
7
3
13
3
24
14
9
60
. . . J .......
58
5
4
1
12
2
94
16
6
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
Number of employees working each classified number of full-time hours per week.
Average
Num
ber of Days full
em per time
ploy week. hours
ees.
per
week.
120
T able
California........................................................
1
3
31
47
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
65
781
Other employees:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o rk ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California........................................................
31
57.5
148 140
4
37
37
47
19
340
81
1
81
2
81
6
1
6
29
3
82
82
83
87
87
2
10
83
87
89
99
6
100
|"
7
5
8
6
7
6
14
20
13
11
4
3
387
127
427
64
453
181
187
183
272
367
250
41
67 2,939
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
6
7
48.7
56.0
50.0
65.6
50.3 114
61.0
48 0
6
57.3
48.0
3
56.1
48.0
56.0
30
52 0 123
30
4
5
327
7
3
33
19
2
92
10
9
1
127
16 328
31
32
1 165
178
1
248
46
57
159
19
360
7
'
24
'
24
2
3
41
43 122
830
63
91
59
18
1
22
3
2
1 1,199 328
1
13
76
3
265
5
2
111
12 107
61
2
27
9
25
20
91
97
97
98
98
99
100
95
121
48.0
56.0
GENERAL TABLES.
Total............................................................
C u m u la tiv e p e r c e n t .......................................
6
7
i2 2
T
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
able
F ___ EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED B Y SP EC IFIED CUSTOM ARY D A Y S PER
Number of employees
working specified cus
tomary days per week
and hours per day.
Num
ber
of
estab
lish
ments.
Occupation and district.
Num
ber
of
em
ploy
ees.
Aver
age
hours
per
day.
Aver
age
fulltime
hours
per
week.
7 days.
Hours per day.
12
101
10
W ELLS.
Derrick men: ,
,
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas___ i .........................
California....................................................................
1
81
3|
1
775
115
10.0
8.1
8.0
70.0
56.7
56.0
11
1
12
Total........................................................................
111
56.6
11
13
6 746
115
891
8.1
Drillers: ,
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, O hio......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
6 861
,8
207
184
6
30
847
21 1,030
4
307
11.9
12.0
11.9
9.9
8.0
74.4 55
83.4 175
83.1 814
69.1 465
56.0
12
5
26 " i i 507
307
Total....................................................................
54 2,575
10.6
73.6 1509
38
Drillers’ helpers and clean-out. helpers:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansals, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
6
217
4
27
16
296
15 1,813
3
378
9.6
11.8
10.3
8.4
8.0
59.0 26
82.0 25
68.7 142
58.7 151
56.0
18
18
13
2
71 1532
378
Total....................................................................
32 2,731
8.7
59.7 344
38
84 1912
1’
17
12.
2
1
112
966
49
9.0
9.8
8.3
8.0
54.0
66.0
56. 8
56.0
44
63
8
7 16
2 898
49
Firemen:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah,Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
Total........................................................................
14 819
2
29 1,128
8.4
57.7 107
8
9 963
Gaugers:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana,"Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
1
1
9
10
3
3
1
35
65
19
9.0
9.0
8.7
9.3
8.0
63.0
63.0
57.3
64.9
56.0
2
14
2
9
3
1
13 ” 2
9 33
19
Total................................................................
21
11'
123
8.9
61.3
16
Laborers, roustabouts, and connection men:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California............................. ......................................
11 1,651
9
813
31 5,054
22 3,610
4
785
8.3
8.9
8.8
8.8
8.0
51.0
61.8
57.3
60.7
56.0
33
8
78' 45 122
3 055 100
354 1792 316
744 1059 1433
785
Total.................................................................
56 11,913
8.7
57.7
41
1179 3551 2756
12
9
30
23
4
1,168
1,235
2,152
2,021
626
9.0
9.0
9.7
9.2
8.0
55.3
4
62.6 10
66.4 582
64.4 495
55.0
42 26 89
31 1070 81
212 842 119
11 425 1089
626
57 7,202
9.2
62.5 1091
296 2364 2004
Pumpers and engineers:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
Total.
26
54
123
GENERAL, TABLES.
W E E K AND HOURS P ER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D D ISTRIC TS, 1920.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13
10,
but
10 less
on 1
day.
10i
Hi
9f>
but
less n
on 1
day.
9i,
but
less
on 1
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
8i,
but
less
on 1
day.
8h
but
less 8i
on 1,
day.
8i,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
WELLS.
1
1
1
143
9
2
154
14
18
1
14
—
8
1
14
1
40
A
1
11
171
1
48
41
16
261
1
62
62
, =
1
1
.. . . 1
j.. ..
1
1
i
1
1
r
1
!
l
1
—1— : : ! ■— -- — ■
4
3
33
J
7
1
1
:1 33
16
—
16
11
11
104
30
343
32
13
509
13
61
14
9
9
1
75 1........
1278
25
777
252
28
1411
82
1054
28
2771
942
29
2
1
385
973
1
4
—
389
10
124
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able F .— EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED B Y SP EC IFIED CUSTOM ARY D A Y S
1920-
Rig builders:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois* Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah,Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, T exas.'...............................
California....................................................................
8
2
4
3
3
232
53
37
51
59
8.5
9.9
8.2
8.3
8.0
53.4
69.3
49.8
58 3
50.0
48
48
96
24
51
26
14
10
6
87
77
5
2
41
90
76
1
5
1
17
2
34
15
Total........................................................................
19
432
8.6
55.2
Teamsters:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas,Montana, Oklahoma, Utah,Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California................................................... ...............
7
5
11
10
4
34
12
175
201
76
9.6
9.0
8.9
8.6
8.0
61.7
59.8
61.4
59.5
56.0
Total........................................................................
30
498
8.7
59.8
40 180 214
Tool dressers:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia....- ..
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California................................... ................................
8
5
29
15
4
226
191
831
429
217
11.9
12.0
11.9
11.4
8.0
74.8 61
83.4 182
83.2 806
79.2 344
56.0
5
26
i
31
1 260
49 1,894
11.4
78.6 1393
Truck drivers:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah,Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
4
6
22
16
4
25
18
399
263
88
10.7
9.2
8.7
9.4
8.0
66.7
62.1
56.5
64.5
56.0
Total....................................................................
8
1
5
1 13
21 135 *53
105 89 15
88
Total........................................................................
38
793
8.9
59.6
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah,Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
6
5
17
17
4
106
64
340
371
106
8.7
9.0
8.7
8.6
8.0
55.8
62.9
57.3
59.1
50.0
36
8
5
38
217
132 238 156
1
63
23 112 65
30 147 142
27
Total........................................................................
38
987
8.6
57.4
89 323 234
Machinists:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California....................................................................
3
1
14
7
4
36
17
94
71
56
9.3
8.8
8.6
8.7
8.0
58.9
59.5
55.8
57.7
49.1
11
1
15
13
27
11
ii
Total........................................................................
25
274
8.6
55.6
27
51
39
17
8
125
GENERAL, TABLES.
PER W E E K AN D HOURS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D DISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
6 days.
5 days.
Hours per day.
13
12 H i
11
10,
but
10 less
on 1
day.
9f,
but
less n
on 1
day.
9i,
but
less
on 1
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
81,
but
less
on 1
day.
8i,
81,
but
but
less 81 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
W E L L S —Continued.
|
15
3
10 . . . .
10
...
243
_____
I
2
2
17
20
. . ..1 ........
41
|
12
44
i
1.........
|
7
2
3
31
l
i
1
18
168
|
f
i
i
1
1
1
|
159
9
2
1
170
1
38
2
8
2
67
46
10
115
5
1
65
13
19
79 1
19
5
1
........f
i
1 '
13
20
j
..
19
1
i
1
1
_____
1
____ _____
25
70312°— 22— Bull. 297------ 9
1 .
110
1
49
36
79
2
231
2
— =
!
25
2
2
1
1
1" " 110
f ' *'
67
5
3
9
.
!
1
1
____ ____ ____ ____
1
!
” \
5
1
19
J .
28
10
10
i
t
i
i
4
12
18
48
38
10
i
82
10
126
WAGES AND HOURS OE LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e F .— E M P L O Y E E S C L A S S IF IE D
B Y S P E C I F IE D C U S T O M A R Y D A Y S
1920;—
Mechanics—Concluded.
Other mechanics:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, U tah, Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas...............................
California... _ ......................................................
T otal..................................................................
Mechanics7helpers:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....................
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, T exas................................
California................................................................
50
19
494
482
153
8.3
9.0
8.7
8.8
8.0
50.2
62.5
56.2
58.5
51.8
1,198
8.6
56.4
45
14
181
195
109
8.3
9.0
8.6
8.6
8.0
50.1
63.0
56.7
57.3
53.2
8.5
55.9 .
7
4
18
15
4
5
1
14
11
4
T otal.................................................................. .
Other employees:
New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.................... .
Kansas, Montana, Oklahoma, Utah, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, T exas................................
California.............................................................. .
8
7
25
21
4
276
50
858
662
226
.
.
2
18
150 43
166 121
73
.
.
336 237
.
.
.
.
.
2.
14 .
53
45
37 114 170
57.4 25 .
73.1 25 .
62.1 157 .
64.6 104 .
56.0
14
5
3 16
72 204 113
134 U45 206
226
9.2
61.9
223 l370
243
252
452
499
288
8.3
8.1
8.5
8.3
8. 0
56.8
56.4
59.6
57.7
53.4
2
54
31
40 1,734
8.3
57.2
87;___
242
156
192
214
270
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.2
8.0
56.0
56.4
56.3
57.1
53.4
32 1,074
8.1
55.7
9
10
13
12
3
263
263
375
338
64
9.6
9.0
8.9
8.3
8.0
61.4
59.3
59.0
57.5
50.4
5
39 1, 303
8.8
58.9
5 ....
T otal...................................................................
9.3
10.6
9.3
9.4
8.0
PIPE L IN E S .
Engineers and pumpers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..............................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas................................
California...............................................................
T otal....................................................................
Firemen:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
V irginia..............................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas................................
California...............................................................
Total....................................................................
Gaugers—deliverymen and oil receivers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..............................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, T exas................................
California...............................................................
Total...................................................................
1 Includes 2 at 9J hours.
9
10
13
12
4
9
8
7
9
4
5
3
8
207
2 242
3 387
1 464
195
16
6 1495
1
239
154
190
3 203
182
2
2
8
12 . . . .
j
]
i
3 968
58
56
28 *” 7 123
85
7 146
13 51 265
19
184
65 609
127
GENERAL TABLES.
PE|l W E E K AN D H OU RS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D D ISTR IC TS,
•Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
12 l l i
11 10*
10,
but
10 less
on 1
day.
9|,
9*,
but
but
less 9J less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
9i,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8§,
but
less
on 1
day.
00
13
8i,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
10
W E L L S —Concluded.
i
!
1
r
2
6
39
1
148___
131
22
104:
27
80
i
280
22
250
1
1
|
35
18
14
i
1 11
27
48
38
53
14
145
130
4
107
67
25
161
6
308
25
239
1
1
3
6:
1
__ [_. .
11
!
!
12
6
1
13
6
12
2
18
32
!
....... I........,
•
32
72
FIFE LIN ES.
31
3
3
31
6
93
93
_________
3
88
3
149
105
1
255
88
131
9
140
45
45
— —......... :
128
WAGES AND HOUBS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able F .— EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED B Y SP E C IF IE D CU STO M ARY D A Y S
1920—
Laborers, roustabouts, etc.:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..................................
California...................................................................
Total.
Linemen:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia................................................................ .
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.......................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas............................
California..............................................................
585
971
2 ,8 3 6
5 ,8 6 2
9 20
10.0
8.8
8.0
6 0 .1
5 9 .6
5 6 .3
5 2 .1 !
4 9 .7
40 1 1 ,1 7 4
9 .0
5 4. 7i
5 .
4 .
19 .
40
29
57
Total.
181
190
604
16
9 .9
10.0
79
111
9 .1
8 .9
19
8.0
6 2 .9 .
6 3 .3 .
5 8 .2 .
6 1 .2 '.
5 0 . 1 1.
237
9 .0
59. 5 .
8.6
11
70
65
170
2 28
9 .4
4
22
8.0
6 3 .0
6 0 .0
6 1 .6
6 4 .7
5 2 .7
39
555
9 .0
6 2 .5
2 38
74
151
71
8.0
8.0
8.0
5 6 .0 .
5 6 .0 .
4 8 .0 .
74
151
10
10.0
10.0
9
10
13
8 .7
8.8
.
.
.
.
37 .
18 .
46
130
13
25
5
25
41
85
74
13
12
13
9 .6
9 .2
8.0
60.0
60.0
67.5
59.4
52.0
132
9 .8
60.1 .
148
113
168
192
21
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
5 6 .1
5 6 .0
5 6 .0
5 6 .3
5 1 .0
6 42
8.0
5 6 .0
90
11
Total.
Telegraph operators:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia................................................................ .
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas................................
California..................................................................
.
1
10
222
12
Teamsters*
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio......................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas................................
California..................................................................
Total.,
15 .
20 .
3 32 .
55
5
3
Oilers:
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas................................
California..................................................................
Total.
.
.
.
10
Total.
Line walkers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..................................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio.................... .
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas................................ .
California................................................................. .
9 .9
9 .1
27
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
143
113
168
190
1 29
GENERAL TABLES.
PER W EEK AND HOURS PER DAY, BY OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
6 days.
5 days.
Hours per day.
13
12 l l i
11 10i
10,
but
10 less
on 1
day.
9|,
but
less 9 }
on 1
day.
9h
but
less
on 1
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
81,
but
less
on 1
day.
8f,
8h
but
but
less 84 loss
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
PIPE L IN E S—Continued.
556
856
115
585
10
2112
10
3
2
83
2167
3543
1487
730
2222
5793
10
8
47
5
12
14
52
18
26
1
J
3
5
5
3
9
11 1 .
14
3
1
I
7i
1
i
|
10
90
___ ___ ____
100
5
l
1
5
71
" * ' l ........
|
.
1........
_____ _____
. . . I ........
1
. . . J ........
1
i
-----1.........
. . . !........
_____
5
2
4
51
6
13
13
r **'
10
IS O
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e F*— EM PLO YEES
CLASSIFIED B Y SP E C IF IE D C U STO M ARY D A Y S
19-20*—
PIPE L IN E S— Concluded.
Truck drivers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
3
4
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas.............................
7
4
5
9
119
103
27
10.0
8.6
10
Total....................................... ......................
24
263
8.9
57.1
6
11
9.3
9.6
9.4
9.2
Mechanics:
Carpenters—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..........................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming..
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas.............................
California...........................................................
Total..............................................................
Machinists—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..........................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..............................
California..
..................................................
Total..............................................................
Other mechanics—
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..........................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....... ............
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas.............................
California...........................................................
Total..............................................................
Mechanics' helpers:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..........................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....... ............
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas.............................
California...........................................................
Total..............................................................
Other employees:
New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, West
Virginia..........................................................
Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio....................
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas..............................
California...........................................................
Total..............................................................
o
- 3
66.0
55.8
9; 1 56.6
9; 0 58; 5
8.0 52.4
4
8.0
56.0
59.3
57.8
56.2
49.9
29
427
9.2
56.4
5
6
13
13
8-. 8
6
8.0
8.0
57.5
58; 5
59.2
49.9
51.4
4
7
3
4
66
50
31
9.2
9.6
10
25
15
46
133
252
25
6
10
8
5
16
27
55
2
18
19
5
6
1
7 45
6
8
5
4
12
13
24
173
8.8
54; 9
6
6
6
9.6
9.4
9.0
8.7
8.0
58.6
58.1
56. 5
52.6
52.8
16
4
194
142
132
292
170
30
930
8.9
55.3
28 13 165
2
12
9.0
8.3
9.7
8.7
8.0
54.0
50.0
59.0
53.1
50.4
9
11
2
2
6
6
4
60
82
80
18
236
8.7
53.5
6
57
78.
74
157
101
9.8i
8.3i
9. CI
9.21
l
8. C
60.4
57.2
56.7
61.4:
51.6
467'
8.8 ;
57.7
5
10
9
3
29
8
4
24
26
17
18
103
5
9
24
2
38
4
22
1
10
2
l
2
42
5
70
7 ""*2 14
20 18 48
45
4
32! 20l 1S2
1
1 31
GENERAL TABLES,
P E R W E E K A N D H OURS PER D A T , B Y OCCUPATIONS1 AN D D IST R IC T S ,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13
10,
but
12 11J 11 1G£ 10 less
on 1
day.
9|,
but
less 93?
on 1
day.
9$,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
91,
but
less 9
on 1
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8b
but
less 83?
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
81,
but
less 8
on 1
day.
10
PIPE L IN E S —Concluded.
2
1
3
5
88
47
i
4
j
12:!.......
1
4
9
69
I
!
i
1
..... 183
1
**i----
16
2
40
95
101
'
... J__
188
8
135
t
31
19
52
1
i
!
1
j
5
8
40
16
1.
1.......
|
1fi!
53
!
142
101
27
59
....
1
" 'T '"
1
2
|
57
127
56!.
j
;
1
.......V.......
10
6
72
16 ...J
1
.......j.......
I
44
31
75
|
3.j__ ...
18
13
140
67i
26H__
1
10!___
41!
56
!
108
i
|
|
I
15'
56!
71I
1
1
1
1
63
i
!
|
68
43
26
48
5
7
3
381
18
2
329
.
i
.. .
132
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able F .— EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED B Y SP E C IF IE D CU STO M ARY D A Y S
1920—
EEFINING.
Olay roasters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, W est Virginia...........
Illinois,Indiana,"Ohio. .1 ................ ~...................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..............................
Louisiana, T e x a s ..........T..............................
California...................................................................
Total........................................................................
Coal passers and ashmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
Total.......................................................................
Engineers and chillermen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California....................................................................
3
5
3
3
16
65
24
29
9
2
2
8 .1
8 .1
8 .0
8 .0
8 .0
26
145
8 .1
55.6
5
8 .0
8 .0
8.7
1
137
84
282
158
8 .0
50.2
56.0
60.4
48.0
11
661
8.3
54.7
8
8
6
,0
100
10
1
4
50.1
56.6
56.5
56.0
56.0
48.0
2
51
116
73
7
8 .1
8. 0
8 .0
52.2
57.1
56.3
56.9
53. 8
51.4
45
432
8 .2
55.3
2
6
7
36
23
18
8 .0
8 .0
8 .6
8 .0
48.0
56.0
60.0
54.7
Total........................................................................
18
84
8 .2
Firemen and assistant engineers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.......................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..........................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California....................................................................
8
9
7
28
24
4
905
544
791
369
797
126
80 3,532
Total........................................................................
Filterers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
Total........................................................................
Gaugers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.
.................
Louisiana, Texas ..................................................
California..
Total
................................................
16
5
3
7
85
8.1
20
8.3
8.4
60
3
1
20
27
9
2
4 119
37
84
13 1 2 1 128
i
13
1 2 1 249
44
77
36
5 106
53
8
2
3
3
5 319
13
3
1
36
19
15
56.1
3
1
70
8.0
8.0
8.2
8.0
8.0
8.0
51.2
54.4
57.2
52.8
53.2
51.0
5
29
2
8.1
53.6
36
8.2
6
2
3
18
19
4
55
120
20
8.2
8.0
8.0
52
234
8.1
4
15
3
2
8.3
8.4
3
•
3
366
413
729
” 'i 211
517
47
1
52.6
9
3
55.5
58.8
57.0 '" 2
54.6
54.4
55.2
2283
2
12
3
1
1
52
93
16
4
1
185
133
GENERAL TABLES.
P E R W E E K AN D H OURS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D D ISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
5 days.
Hours per day.
10,
but
13 12 Hi 11 ioi 10 less
on 1
day.
9f,
94,
but
but
less 94 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
94,
9,
but
but
less 9 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
81,
8,
84,
but
but
but
less 84 less 8 less
on 1
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
day.
10
R E F IN E R IE S .
l
1
l
i
1
2
•1
2. .
|.....
.
12
1
1
2
16
—=
97
3
20
j
1
|
1
I
1
” '1 “
r
!
158
255
—
3
20
5
5
1
1
2
3 37
13
1
6
2.....I............
1
20 " *'!............
4 .....i............
3 82
1
2
3
7
— —
=
—
|
i i .i
. . j ; . . ... j ....
...
. ,....
i . . j1; . . .
!
1
1
i
|
1
1
(
1
" 'T '"
...J....
J
1
.....I.....
|
13
!
29
j
1
i
1
. *‘ |‘ ‘ ■j‘
I
|.
!
i 1
... ...........
13
.. J....I
.
29
i i.....
|
|
i .
3
|
1
_ . . . 1.....1
..... L...
1
!
i ! J . .....I.....
"'V '
I '
1
1
1
1 1
|
1
j
|
1 !1 1
| | |
1
.....11..... ...........
11..... 6
i
1
i > J I i J )1'
—
1
3
10
*
l
i
l
!
I
2 537
113
1
155
2 278
79
41163
2 6
4 20
4
3
1 6 0
134
t
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY,
T a b l e F*— EM PLO YEES C LASSIFIED B Y SP E C IF IE D CU STO M AR Y D A Y S
1920—
refining—Continued.
Molders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.__ .................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............. .
Louisiana, Texas................................... .
California.................................................
4
1
23
5
Total................ ...................................
14
150
8.0
52-8
Molders (female);
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................
2
8
8.8
52.5
4
3
21
Oilers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland. Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............. .
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
4
68
50.9
: 49.0
56.0
52.8
56.0
48.0
8.0
8.2
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
1
2
2
9
35
10
1
28
3
8.0
8.0
8.0
2
8.5
50.9
53.6
56.0
59.5
9
54
8.0
52.9
6
6
6
128
58
8.0
111
8.0
8.0
8.0
49.7
57.0
56.3
56.0
50.3
Total................................................... .
Press runners:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
31
384
8.1
53-4
3
11
8
8.0
8.0
56.0
56.0
Total................................................... .
Pumpmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio........................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California-...............................................
4
19
8.0
56.0
8
8
6
352
i3o;
8-1
8.2
8.2
8.0
8.0
8.0
51.3
56.0
56.9
55 4
54.3
49.8
Total....................................................
Pressmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...........................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas- - ................ ................
Total................................................... .
Pumpmen’s helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
California.................................................
1
9
4
1
23
21
4
41
46
100
179
226
100
8.3
70 1,087
8.1
53.6
8.0
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.0
50.8
55.2
56.2
54.7
56.6
49.4
25
35
6
23
89
8
19
3
l
........
1
1
1
31
2
29
47
109
41
13
2
239
4
4
11
8
....I ....
19
139
98
90
1 164
5 169
23
7
4
11
6
683
2
131
125
79
51
44
17
Total................................................... .
Repairmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................
29
447
8.0
54.0
2
18
5
2
11
2
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.0
48.4
48.4
49.5
52.0
2
1
Total.....................................................
11
36
8.0
48.9
4
6
4
2
10
5
4
3
48
112
l
3 74
43
5 38
3
8
318
1
g e n e r a l
t a b l e s
135
.
P E R W E E K A N D H OURS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D D ISTR IC TS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
la
12.
11
Hi
10§
10,
but
less
on 1
day.
10
9h
9,
but
but
less 9 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
9J,
9b
but
but
less 9* less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8i,
but
less
on 1
day.
8i
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
REFINERIES—Continued.
9
32
11
4
5
1
9
1
11
41
2
6
13
3
6
!
1
6
— 1i—
1
i
i
.......
2
[
‘
4
|
I
j
....... 1........
1
!
__ i___
1
1
....
12
4
1
.
1
j
1
'* "1 .......
1
" I .......
2
2
137
9
....... t
4!
9!
-j
-i
1|
4
4
2
— —
....... ]........
1j
2
33
7
l
7
1
11
6 175
22
3
14
1 51
77
l
7. 342
781
9
1
8
1
14
111
1
—
2
1
li
i
1
l
3
4
i
1
i
1
i
...J .......
....... !
1
1
1
4
1!,....... i1—
I
1
—
97
7
1
- 1 --
i
J
J
i
i
I
....... i........
!
12
2
16!
'
5
9
14
136
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e F .— EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED
B Y SP EC IFIED CUSTOM ARY D A Y S
1920-
REFINERIES—Continued.
refining—continued.
Retort, acid, and kettle men:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
California....................................................
Total........................................................
Still inspectors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
Total__ a.................................................
Stillmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
California....................................................
Total........................................................
Stillmen’s assistants, chargers, and headers up:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
California....................................................
Total........................................................
Sweatermen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahorpa, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
California....................................................
Total........................................................
Testers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York___
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
Total........................................................
Testers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia......
4
4
1
4
1
14
28
14
23
19
1
85
8.0
8.3
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
53.0
55.4
56.0
56.0
56.0
54.9
3
1
1
1
6
13
6
4
2
25
8.3
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.2
55.7
56.0
56.0
56 0
55.8
8 254
9 119
7 203
28 255
24 315
4 59
80 1,205
8.0
8.3
8.3
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.1
51.6
56.8
57.7
54.2
53.5
53.0
54.2
7 206
5 179
6 315
23 276
14 325
4 43
59 1,344
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
50.0
55.6 2
56.0
52.6
53.5
53.0
53.6 2---1---
56
6 149
315
159
224
27
6 930
5 42
4 17
6 25
6 16
4 18
1 5
26 123
8.0
8.0
8.3
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.1
50.5
53.6
57.4 1
56.4
54.2
48.0
53.5 1
12
12
22
1 15
14
1 75
2 11
2 26
3 16
13 34
8 53
28 139
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.0
50.2
52.8
56.0
52.4
52.8
52.9
3
14
15
2 15
32
2 79
1
5 8.2 49.0
1
18
10
23
19
1
71
2
2
8
11
3
22
7
6
4
2
19
119
95
190
185
215
37
841
g e n e r a l
TABLES.
137
PER W E E K AN D H OU RS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D D ISTRICTS,
Continued.
|Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
6
days.
5 days.
Hours per day.
13
11§ 11
12
10*
10,
but
less
on 1
day.
10
9*,
Of,
but
but
less 9* less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
91,
9,
but
but
less 9 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8§,
but
less
on 1
day.
8*
8*,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
REFINERIES—Continued.
10
.......I . . .
1
3
1
*
13
4
4
....
135
16
67
2
100
22
340
2
150
22
117
101
16
406
1
29
5
2
4
5
1
2
43
== =
8
1
11
17
21
1
11
5
46
10
138
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e F„— EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED B Y SP E C IFIE D CU STO M ARY D A Y S
1920—
REFINING—concluded.
Testers' assistants:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio........................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............. .
Louisiana, Texas................................... .
Total....................................................
Treaters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio........................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...............
Louisiana, Texas...................................
California................................................
Total...................................................
Treaters' helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...........................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...............
Louisiana, Texas...................................
California................................................
Total...................................................
«
1
1
1
5
1
1
8
6i
16
4
8 .0
8 .2
8 .0
8 .0
8 .0
4 8 .0
4 0 .0
5 6 .0
5 3. 5
5 6 .0
6
11
4
9
35
8 .0
5 3 .0
21
8
9
7
25
20
4
32
41
28
63
57
14
8 .2
8 .2
8 .6
8 .2
8 .1
8 .0
5 1 .7
5 4 .9
5 8 .9
5 6 .6
5 5 .2
5 2 .6
73
235
8 .2
5 5 .3
7
5
12
8
4
38
35
37
60
21
8 .2
8 .2
8 .0
8 .1
8 .0
5 1 .2
5 7 .0
5 4 .9
5 5 .2
5 1 .4
36
191
8 .1
5 4 .3
Water purifiers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland. Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............. .
1
1
4
5
6
13
8 .0
8 .0
8 .0
4 8 .0
5 6 .0
5 6 .0
Total................................................... .
6
24
8. 0
5 4 .3
1
4
2
4
5
1
10
16
1
2
1
5
10
30
30
44
9
8
123
1
1
........
6
13
|
19
i
Water tenders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...........................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..............
Louisiana, Texas...................................
California.................................................
5
3
6
6
5
3
99
59
42
22
37
34
8 .0
8 .0
8 .2
8 .4
8 .0
8 .0
5 0 .1
5 4 .9
5 4 .0
5 4 .5
5 6 .0
5 0 .1
2
2
Total................................................... .
28
2 93
8 .1
5 2 .7
4
Branders and painters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...........................
Kansas, Oklahomar Wyoming...............
Louisiana, Texas....................................
California.................................................
4
3
2
1
3
2
32
28
13
4
8
11
7 .9
8 .3
8 .0
8 .0
8 .0
8 .0
4 7 .5
4 9 .9
4 8 .0
4 8 .0
4 8 .0
4 8 .0
Total................................................... .
15
96
8 .1
4 8 .4
Branders and painters (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
1
1
8 .2
i
i
27
51
20
9
37
9
1
1
153
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING.
. .
4 9 .0
.. !
11
27
16
55
44
8
1
2
2
i
.....
139
GENERAL, TABLES.
P E R W E E K A N D H OU RS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS A N D D ISTRIC TS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
6
days!
5 days.
Hours per day.
13
12
10,
but
less
on 1
day.
10
11
9f,
but
less
on 1
day.
n
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
9i,
but
but
less 9 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8 §,
but
less
on 1
day.
8i
8 J,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
REFINERIES—Continued.
1
8
5
1
8
1
2
1
2
3
6
1
2
1
15
9
3
4
9
1
2
1
46
6
5
1
3
1
2
—
1
6
1
--------= =
6
10
12
1
3
-
21
......
49 ......
6
5
— —
—
_
s
5
72
I__
8
19
11
251......
135
. i
26
2
16
1
2
__ __
.!
2
!
i■
!
1
5
8
11
1
1
8
13
4
26
1
16
1
1
2
44
1
5
140
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b le F .— EM PLO YEES CLASSIFIED B Y SP EC IFIED CU STO M ARY D A YS
1920-
f il l in g
, p a c k in g , a n d s h ip p in g —continued.
Fillers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.......
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia___
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, pklahoma, Wyoming.....................
Louisiana, Texas..... ...................................
California......................................................
Total..........................................................
Fillers (female):
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...................... ..........
Inspectors:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.......
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia___
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.....................
Louisiana, Texas..........................................
California......................................................
7 36
6 51
5 43
3
7
8 57
4 44
33 238
1
8.0
8.4
8.1
8.4
8.0
8.0
8.1
47.9
50.5
48.4
57.9
49.3
48 0
49.2
5
20
8
18
7
5
63
8.0
8.2
8.9
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.2
48.0
49.2
53.3
50.6
49.1
48.0
49.9
Total.........................................................
3
1
1
1
6
9
2
7
1
19
8.0
8.2
9.0
8.0
8.4
48.0
49.0
54.0
48.0
50.3
Mailers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia___
1
Total..........................................................
Packers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.......
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia___
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.....................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
Total.........................................................
Packers (female):
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.......
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia__
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Total.........................................................
Tank-car loaders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.......
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia---Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.....................
Louisiana, Texas..........................................
California......................................................
Total..........................................................
3 12
52 7.3 44.0
4
4
2
8
3
3
24
Mailers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.......
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia___
- Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
California......................................................
3 3
9
1 4
1
1 5
3 7.3 44.0
5 31
3 17
1
5
3
5
1 51
13 109
8.0
8.4
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.1
48.0
50.1
48.0
52.8
48.0
48.6
3
3
2 123 8.0 48.0
1 12 7.3 44.0
1 40 7.8 46.7
4 175 7.9 47.4
6 23
7 57
7 31
27 75
18 64
4 11
69 261
8.4
8.2
8.7
8.2
8.1
8.0
8.2
51.6
49.4
52.0
4. 7
52.9
48.0
52.2
1
2
1
1 53
4 29
2 L ? 84
141
GENERAL, TABLES.
PER W E E K AN D H OURS PER D A Y , B Y OCCUPATIONS AN D D ISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
6
days.
5 days.
Hours per day.
13
12
Hi
11
lo*
10,
but
less
on 1
day.
10
9*,
9f,
but
but
less 9* less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
9,
91,
but
but
less 9 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8§,
but
less
on 1
day.
8*
8*,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
REFINERIES—Continued.
16
5
2
18 16
7
27
28
2
9
1
48
44
2
21
25 136
28
11
52
1
1
7
16
1
1
3
3
1
13
6
5
—
—
8
7
16
1
1
3 28
6
3
6
4
2
1
7
2
31
!
4
18
3
4
1
12
6
5
2
5 46
4
12
18
3
75
48
10
59
|
27
75
48
27
12
13
25
—
1
1
1
4
29
9
2
6
12
8
3
30
38
4
*
10
4
21
4
2
11
30
11
6
70312°— 22— Bull. 297------ 10
10
81
2
10
M2r
WAGES AND HOURS Q » 'E A M R i IN'EBIEROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T A su a Pi— E M P L O Y E E ® ' C L A B S I I T E ® B Y S B E C IF -IE B C U S T O M A R Y D A Y S 5
192$— Number of employees
working specified cus
tomary days per week
and hours per day.
AverNum
ber. ber Aver
age
of
of
time
estab em hours
lish ploy per hours
per
day
ments. eesi
week.
N um
Occupation and district.
7 days.
Hours per day.
12
10£
It)
REFKSTEKIES—Continued.
1
1
Total..............................................................
2
13■ 8.1 ( 48/7
4
2
■
2■
2
3
18
13
15
2
10•
7.9 47T5
8.1 48/6
& 1 54.7
8.5 55.5
8.0 • 48.0
13
58
8.0
3
2
1
36
10
2
7.9 47.5
8,.8 49.5
8..0- 48. 0
6,
48,
8a
47*9
51
37
47
44
65
31
8.0
8.4
9.3
48.0
50.3
'56.0
52-1
50.1 *"~2
48.0
Weighers-:
Massachusetts, New-Jersey, ,New York..
Maryland^ Pennsylvania) West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................
Kansas,, Oklahoma, Wyoming................
California.................... . ..........................
Total.
4 8.0
9 * 8.2
00
FILLING, PACKING, AND SHIPPING— concluded.
Testers:
Massachusetts) New Jersey) .New York.______
Maryland-) Pennsylvania, West Virginia'.........
1
11
1
1
50.0
1
11
. TRANSPORTATION— RAILROAD, MOTOR) A N D T E A M .
Btakemen:
Massachusetts New Jersey, .New York-...... ....
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana^ Ohio___________ ‘______ —
Total*
Chauffeurs:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York-..........
Maryland', Pennsylvania, WCst Virginia........ .
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio........ ..............................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming__________1___
Louisiana, Texas..............................................
California._________ ____ -___ _____ ________
6
6
6
18
11
4
Total........ ....................................................
51
Conductors:
Massachusetts* New Jersey, ,New Y.orki.......
Maryland) Pennsylvania, West Virginia........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................... .
8.8
8.2
8,0
275 8.4 50.8
1
12 8.0 48.0
3
1
3 8.8 49.7
12
1
10.7 75.0
L
l1
1.
|
1
2
5
7
Total................................ ............................ .
5
27
60.2
5
7
Engineers, railroad:
Massachnsetts^New Jersey,.New York...___ _
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.......... ............ .............
Louisiana* Texas.................. ...........................
California^........................................................
3
2
1
6
2
23. 8.0 4a 0
7 8.5 49.6
12 11.0 77.0
18 8.0 49.1
3 8.0 48.0
12
Total.............................. .... ....................... .
14
8.6
54.0
12
47.7
51.7
77.0 __
8.0i 51* 0
14
60.2
14
63
Firemen:
Massachusetts^ New Jersey, New York . .......Maryland; Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio....................................
Louisiana, Texas.............................................
3
1
1
3;
11
3
14
a
Total.................- ............. ................. ...........
8:
36
13
work less than 9 hours?onT day of each-week.
9.3
8.0
9,2
11.01
9.3
l
1
14
8
3
14
11
2
2
3
3
g en e r al ta b l e s.
14S
PER W EEK AND HOURS PER DAY, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13
12 i i i
li
10,
but
10| 10 less
on 1
day.
9f,
but
less n
on 1
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8f,
81,
but
but
less 81 less
on 1
on 1
■day.
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
R E F IN E R IE S—Continued.
4
9
4
9
2
1
6
8
5
1
4
5
3
1
10
1
1
2
5
6
14
18
5
7
1
23
6
3
2
6
13
2
20
30
4
5
23
11
1
26
40
30
13
8
8
6
8
25
27
3
12
4
21
39
31
4
39
98
4
3
12
2
1
12
2
|
|
j
|
1
........1........
2
2
6
4
17
2
14
3
12
34
1
1
10
1
1
1
2
'
2
1 =
5
15
1
1
144
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able
F .—
EMPLOYEES CLASSIFIED BY SPECIFIED CUSTOMARY DAYS
1920—
TRANSPORTATION—RAILROAD, MOTOR, AND TEAM—
concluded.
Teamsters and drivers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California...................................................................
4
3
5
5
5
4
Total........................................................................
26
Trackmen:
' Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
1
1
1
2
23
126
26
16
24
65
1
2801
8
12
48
8.4
8.3
8.8
8.3
8.0
8.9
50.3
50.0
53.4
49.9
49.9
53.6
8.5
51.0
i
»1
5
!
i
11|
5
|
8.0
8.0
9.0
8.0
48.0
48.0
54.0
48.0
8.7
52.0|___
i
Total........................................................................
5
4
72
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND
REPAIR.
Blacksmiths:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California...................................................................
6
6
7
13
11
4
18
35
41
40
33
12
7.9
8.2
8.1
7.6
8.1
8.0
47.3
49.6
48.6
45.7
48.4
48.0
Total.......................................................................
47
179
8.0
47.9
Boiler makers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York.............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia......... .
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.......................................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California..................................................................
6
6
7
23
14
4
377
137
168
104
273
94
8.0
8.1
8.1
7.9
8.0
8.0
47.8
48.8
48.8
47.6
48.1
48.0
60 1,153
8.0
48.1
470
7.9
391
8.1
580
7.7
120
8.0
833 • 8.0
142
8.0
47.6
48.9
46.1
48.1
48.0
48.0
3
8
Total......................................................................
Boiler makers* helpers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming............................
Louisiana, Texas....................................................
California..................................................................
6
4
6
18
10
4
48 2,536
7.9
47.6
Bricklayers and masons:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming............................
Louisiana, Texas....................................................
California..................................................................
7
5
6
20
12
2
101
65
68
68
271
25
7.9
8.0
8.0
7.9
8.0
8.0
47.6
48.2
48.0
47.6
48.2
48.0
Total......................................................................
52;
598
8.0
48.0
Total......................................................................
* Works less than 9 hours on 1 day of each week.
i
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
2
2
1
*7
5
1
4
—
1
L_
5
145
GENERAL TABLES.
PER W EEK AND HOURS PER DAY, B Y OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13
12 H i
li
loj
10,
but
less
on 1
day.
10
9f»
but
less »i
on 1
day.
»i,
but
less
on 1
day.
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8f,
but
less 8i
on 1
day.
8|,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
R E F IN E R IE S—Continued.
2
2
4
16
5
8
8
13
2
10
5
1
61
114
79
114
10
11
18
4
*
43
16
—
8
12
48
4
48
12
6
4
3
2
l
___ 1___
28
1
|
i
.. . ! . . . .
i
5
4
4
14
26
12
22
25
16
61
51
90
70
42
25
11
75
81 188
94
109
22
1
157
6
12
4
28
4
5
5
1
61
41
41
15
61
50
1
11
1
284
10
50i ........
13
294
1
2
1
30
-Al
3CI
3-
. . . . I. . . .
=
2
1
1
12
3
35
183
12
35
183
241 410
52
215
106
101
=
=
2>
25........
Ad.......
1
,
52
215
13
36
13t
36
31
66
68
111
363 469
142
441
5
1
570 821
513
8
2
55
56
62: 203
25
13
6
9 ...............
10 ..................
119! 349>
33! ...................
31
26
14®
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR (IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
fctBUD
EMPLOYEES CLASSIFIED B Y SPECIFIED CUSTOMARY DAYS
1920—•
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND RE
PAIR—continued.
Carpenters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o r k ......... . .
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California................................................................. .
$
t
7
25
14
4
183
Ml
108
121
346
96
7.8
8.2
7.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
47.1
49.5
45.3
48.0
48.0
48.0
65
995
8.0
47.8
Coopers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Peimsyfvama, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming................. .
Louisiana, Texas......................................... .
California.......................................................
4
6
1
5
4
3
92
78
4
8
24
33
7.9
8.4
8.0
8.3
8.6
8.0
47.3
51.7
48.0
51.5
48;6
48.0
Total............... ............................................
23
239
8.1
49.0
Crane operators:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y ork..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...................*............
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming..................
Louisiana, Texas........................................
California.........................................................
5
3
5
2
2
1
15
13
45
5
8
1
8.1
8.2
9.4
7.9
8.0
8.0
48.6
4a 4
58.3
47.2
48.0
48.0
18
87
8.8
53.6
3
2
1
1
1
3
48
66
1
1
11
77
8.0
8.-2
8.0
6.0
8.0
8.0
47,9
4a 1
48.0
54.0
48.0
48.0
Total........................................................
Total...........................................................
Crane riggers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.................
•Louisiana, Texas.........................................
California....................................................... .
Total............................................................
.
11
204
8.1
48.4
Driving-machine operators:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
1
2
2
7
8.0
8 .2
48.6
49.3
Total.......................... ..................................
3
9
8.2
49.0
Electricians:
Massachusetts, Nes? Jersey, New York..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, W yom ing.................
Louisiana, Texas..........................................
California................. . . . . . . .........................
7
5
6
11
■9
58
39
27
30
•68
29
7.6
8.2
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
-48.1
50.2
49.0
48.9
-48,1
48.8
Total............................................................
42
251
8,0
48,7
4
2
i
3
9
2
9
2
—
“ *i
::::
7
1
1
4
3
8
4
3
1
17
GrBUBBAL* TAKLBSH
M7
BEE W EEK AND- HOURS' PER DAY, BrY ©OeU.PATIONR AND DISTRICTS,
Contioued.
Nirdaber ofemplbyees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
13 ,
12
n
10 *
10,
but
10 less
on 1
day.
3
1
2
4
2
9|,
oi,.
bub
but
liess 9| less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
9i,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
10
2
10
3
101
25
101
81,
but
less
on 1
day.
8|,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
53
9
0H
0
U
Hours per day.
8h,
but
less
on 1
day.
59
27
53
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
7
55
20
91
63 277
96
88
18
3
149 491
159
3
22
1
1
!1
5
6
67
22
36
2
13
7
6
.
36
2
2
27
27
2
7
”” r
9
1
a
10
4,
4
11
33
102
55
4
2
1
4
8
1
7
6 r 14
___ 9
37
22
1
8
1
10
2
66
1
l
11
77
___ „___
_____. .
,___
r
____ _
66
=====
9
.
37
89
- ^
2
2
7
2
7
l
2
5
r
3
21
311
2
i
,
10
2
9
8
25
51
26
10
1
2
33 112
22
18
2
13
31
3
21
.
148
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e F .—
EMPLOYEES CLASSIFIED B Y SPECIFIED CUSTOMARY DAYS
1920—
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND RE
PAIR—continued.
Helpers: 4
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York..............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia......... .
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio............................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California.................................................................. .
Total......................................................................
Laborers:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York............ .
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.......................................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming.............................
Louisiana, Texas....................................................
California..................................................................
Total............................................ 1.......................
1
362
259
291
122
956
282
7.9
8.2
8.1
8.2
8.0
8.0
47.5
49.2
48.6
49.1
48.0
48.0
52 2,272
8.0
48.2
2,183
1,661
1,514
1, 354
3, 832
595
8.0
8.2
9.1
8.1
8.0
8.0
48.5
49.5
55.6
49.8
48.5
48.0
53
v 78^11,139
8.2
49.7
53
7
5
7
16
13
4
8
8
7
28
23
4
4
3
3
4
7
1 36
9 152
60
63
1
49
90
144
10 248 347
1
Laborers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...................... ....................
1
1
28
1
7.4
8.0
44.4
56.0
1
Total......................................................................
2
29
7.4
44.8
1
4
3
2
4
6
4
9
5
7
5
15
9
7.9
8.2
8.0
7.9
8.3
8.0
47.3
48.9
48.0
48.8
51.2
48.0
23
50
8.1
49.0
7
6
6
18
15
4
202
195
137
60
144
75
7.9
8.2
8.2
8.1
8.0
8.0
47.6
49.2
48.9
49.1
48.1
48.2
56
813
8.1
48.5
7
5
4
18
9
4
69
51
73
57
129
29
8.0
8.2
7.6
8.1
8.0
8.0
47.8
49.6
45.5
49.8
48.0
48.0
47
408
8.0
48.0
Lead burners:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York............ .
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.......................................... .
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California..................................................................
Total......................................................................
Machinists:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California..................................................................
Total......................................................................
Painters:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York............
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...........
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming............................
Louisiana, Texas.....................................................
California...................................................................
Total......................................................... ............
Not including boiler makers’ and pipe fitters’ helpers,
6 2 work less than 12 hours on 2 days of each week.
4
1
3
4
2
2
2
2
2
6
2
9
2
9
tables.
general
149
PER W EEK AND HOURS PER DAY, BY OCCUPATIONS AND DISTRICTS,
Continued.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13
12 H i
li
10,
but
10 less
on 1
day.
10i
91,
but
less n
on 1
day.
9i,
but
less
on 1
day.
9|,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
81,
but
less
on 1
day.
8§,
but
less 8i
on 1
day.
8i,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
REFINERIES—Continued.
1
4
5
2
23
7
23
1
2
11
3 273
94
20
15
6
17
1
58
25
1
83
1
94
178 12
72
4 102
92
355 589
279
178
6
184
17
94
5
71 1,302
872
138
65
134
608
609 1074
6
3 306
109
1
1151 1,302
134
1,609 5112
608
26
2
26
3
1
4
_____ _____ ____ .
1
7
8
1
1
2
1 =
_____
4
4
2
13
8
1
177
24
177
1
5
5
1
36
12
36
22
38
38
62
22
62
16
20
4
2
1
3
7
3
5
9
7
28
3
81
13
11
26
7
50
29 111
73
72
123 252
99
25
11
16
20
*
"*
_________ _
1
4
4
10
43
56
29
57
108 142
61
72
________ _
186
2
4
_ _ _ ___ f___ ____
168
617 505 150
221 18
141 . 12
1066
24
771 2787
595
1
4
59
95
5
9
___________
1M )
WAGES AND HOURS OP LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T able I ”.— EMPLOYEES CLASSIFIED- BY SPECIFIED CUSTOMARY DAYS
192©—
Number of employees
working specified cus
tomary days per week
and hours per day.
Num
ber
ofestab
lish
ments.
Occupation and district.
Num
ber
of.
employ-
Average
hours
per
day.
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week;
7 days.
Hours per day.
12
11 m
10:
9
8
REFI-NERIES*—Continued.
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE,
repair —continued.
Pipe fitters:
Illinois, Indiana*, Ohio.
Kansas,, Oklahoma, Wyoming^____
Louisiana, Texas.................................
California..
. . . . . ...................... .
Total..............
Pipe fitters* helpers:
Massachusetts5
,. New Jersey,. N-ew York—
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West VirgimaE..
Illinois,, Indian®, Ohio__________ _________
Kansas, Oklahoma, W yoming,...................
Louisiana;, Texas:..........................................
California______ «__________ ______________
8.0
8.2
8.9
8.2
8.1
8.0
47.8
49.5
54; 1
50.2
48.5
48.0
1,025
8.2
49:4
457488
236
301
1,377.
361
8.0
8.2
8.7
8.1
8.0
8.0
48.0
49.4
52.4
49.6
48.2
48.0
20
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.2
8.0
48.0
48.8
48.3
56.5
52.0
18
1
87
8.1
50.6
19
8.2
49.0
8.0
8.2
7.4
8.0
8.0
8.0
48.fi
49.0
44.3
48.0
48.0
48.0
7.9
47.2
7.9
47.5
49.0
44*.5
48.5
48.0
48.0
Tinsmiths:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o rk ....
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
T llfflftift},In d ia n a ^ O h io ;........................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, W yom ing...................
Louisiana, Texas.................. ........... .............
California.______ „____________ _......______
Total;.....................
Total.......
13
1
6
2
29
22
19
21
23
2
Property keepers (female):
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Welders:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York . . .
Maryland!, Pennsylvania, West Virginia...
Illinois,. Indiana, Ohio-.____ ______________
Kansasj Oklahoma, W yom ing....................
Louisiana, Texas............................ ................
California^.............................. .......... . ...........
10
3
48.8
3,220
Total...
Property keepers!:
Massachusetth, New Jersey, New York ...
- Maryland,.Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois,(Indiana, Ohio-.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma,. Wyoming._____ _____
California.---------. . . . . . ----------------- ----------Total.
271
241
113
143
180
77
55
33
17
35
27
29
147
8.2
7. .4
8.0
8.0
8.0
47.3
151
GENERAL TABLES.
PE®, W EEK AND HOURS PER D A T, BY OCCUPAT1OTS AND DISTRICTS,
C o n tin u e d .
Wtmiber of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13 j a2j n i l ai
10,
but
10^ JO less
on 1
day.
9|,
9h
but
but
less 9* less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
8|,
but
less 8i
on 1
day.
81,
but
less
on 1
day.
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
8
10
StEFl ISERIES—C©ntanued.
23
12 149
63
24 —
4
1
18
4
—
......
23
103
149
9
38
1
84
44
367
8
8
47
129
----- - —
•....... . . . . . .
81
;
......
—
23
81
56
169
51
69
149 432
27
42
60
121
96
367!
•55
169
4
16
10
588 1677
79
18
3
1
- ■1
3
108
228
371 938
861
16
1
24
26
103
137
77
2
2
89
4
21
7
4
10
1
1
-8
12
8
1
=
1
|
10
is
1
16
2
1
—
—
10
1
20
13!
7
4
2
25
1
5
31
3
4
4
20
25
6
29
56
391...................
17
3
3
17
2
152
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN PETROLEUM INDUSTRY.
T a b l e F .—
EMPLOYEES CLASSIFIED BY SPECIFIED CUSTOMARY DAYS
1920—
MISCELLANEOUS LABOR, MAINTENANCE, AND RE
PAIR—Concluded .
Other mechanics:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York ..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio..................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas...........................................
California.. .....................................................
Total.,
7
4
7
22
13
4
126
96
142
116
202
46
57
728
8
6
6
25
16
4
48.1
49.4
52.9
50.4
48.2
48.0
2
5
3
1 ” *5
2 22
12
8.2
49.6
2
6
44
254
118
70
91
170
78
8.5
8.9
11.2
8.7
8.4
8.0
53.9 624
59.4 ?22
73.2 24
60.1 12
55. 9 16
52.8
1
1
60
65
14
60
94
47
65
781
8.7
57.5 898
2
8
9
7
22
17
4
514
491
634
370
639
291
8.1
8.5
8.5
8.1
8.0
8.0
50.5
52.1
53.4
52.6
52. 7
49.2
67 2,939
8.2
52.0
8.0
8.2
8.7
8.1
8.0
8.0
GUARDING, ETC.
Watchmen:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o r k ..
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio.................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming...................
Louisiana, Texas..........................................
California.........................................................
Total.
Other employees:
Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Y o r k ...
Maryland, Pennsylvania, West Virginia*..
Illinois, Indiana, Ohio...................................
Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming....................
Louisiana, Texas............................................
California..........................................................
Total.
6 Includes 6 at 13 hours.
7 Includes 7 at 13 hours,
e Includes 13 at 13 hours.
18
2
20
1
1
2
4
5
6
6 340
1
24 *24
3
127
13 32
22 111
19 159
7 360
41
25
61 830
1
27
153
GENERAL TABLES.
P E R W E E K A N D H O U R S P E R D A Y . B Y O C C U P A T IO N S A N D D IS T R IC T S ,
Concluded.
Number of employees working specified customary days per week and hours per day.
Hours per day.
13
12 Hi li
10,
but
10J 10 less
on 1
day.
91,
n ,
but
but
less 91 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
91,
but
less
on 1
day.
9
9,
but
less
on 1
day.
8f,
but
less
on 1
day.
81,
8§,
but
but
less 81 less
on 1
on 1
day.
day.
R EFINERIES—Concluded.
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OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM
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GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON, D. C.
AT
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V
8
8,
but
less
on 1
day.
10