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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS CHARLES E. BALDWIN, Acting Commissioner BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES! BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS/ . . . . W AG ES AN D H O U R S OF L A B O R VI ^ C 7 f t P IO . OlU S E R IE S WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN THE BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 1910 TO 1932 MARCH, 1933 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1933 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - - - - Price 10 cents Contents Page Hours and earnings and index numbers, 1910 to 1932___________________ Average hours and earnings, 1930 and 1932, by sex and State___________ Average and classified earnings per hour, by occupation_________________ Regular or customary full-time hours per week and per day_____________ Changes in full-time hours since February 1, 1930______________________ Changes in wage rates since February 1, 1930__________________________ Overtime and Sunday and holiday work, 1932--------------------------------------Bonus systems, 1932___________________________________________________ Index numbers of employment and pay rolls, 1923 to 1931______________ Importance of the industry____________________________________________ Scope and method_____________________________________________________ Occupations in the industry____________________________________________ General tables-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------T a b l e A.— Average number o f days on which wage earners worked, average full-time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by de partment, occupation, sex, and State____________________________ T a b l e B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State________________ T a b l e C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State_______ T a b l e D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and S tate-T a b l e E.— Average and classified actual earnings in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State----------- ni 1 21 23 30 36 37 38 39 42 43 45 47 48 49 79 88 94 103 BULLETIN OF THE U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS n o . 579 WASHINGTON m a r c h , 1933 WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN THE BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY, 1910 TO 1932 The 1932 figures in this report are the result of a study by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of wages and hours of labor of 49,666 wage earners (28,046 males and 21,620 females) in 164 representative factories in the boot and shoe industry in the United States. Summaries of average full-time hours per week, earnings per hour, and full-time earnings per week are presented in Table 1 for the indus try as a whole, and for each of the important occupations in each department of the industry for each of the years from 1910 to 1932 in which studies have been made by the bureau. The averages at the beginning of the table are for the industry, followed by averages for each of the important occupations in each department, and also for the group of “ Other employees” for all departments. This group includes the wage earners in all occupations other than those referred to as important occupations, because no occupation in the group was of sufficient importance to warrant showing separate averages for it. Index numbers of these averages, with the 1913 average as the base, or 100 per cent, are also shown in the table for the industry and for each occupation for which averages are available for 1913 and any of the other years from 1910 to 1932. Hours and Earnings and Index Numbers, 1910 to 1932 Industry averages of full-time hours per week were 48.9 in 1932 and in 1930; of average earnings per hour were 41.2 cents in 1932 and 51.0 cents in 1930, a decrease of 19.2 per cent; and of full-time earnings per week were $20.15 in 1932 and $24.94 in 1930, a decrease of $4.79 or 19.2 per cent. The percentage decrease was the same for average earnings per hour and for full-time earnings per week because average full-time hours per week were the same in 1930 and 1932. The industry averages in Table 1 for each of the years, 1910 to 1914, are for wage earners in selected occupations only and are directly comparable one year with another over that period. Those for the years 1914 to 1932 are for wage earners in all occupations in the industry, including those in the selected occupations and the group of “ Other employees” at the end of the table and are also directly comparable one year with another, but should not be compared with the averages for selected occupations for any of the years from 1910 to 1914. Two sets of averages are shown in the table for 1914— one for 18,567 wage earners in the selected occupations in 91 establish 1 2 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY ments and the other for 49,376 wage earners in all occupations in the same 91 establishments. The 1914 average earnings per hour for the wage earners in the selected occupations are 31.4 cents and the average full-time earnings per week are $17.11, and for those in all occupations the figures are 24.3 cents and $13.26, respectively. The index numbers are for the purpose of furnishing comparable data, one year with another from 1910 to 1932. The index for any year from 1910 to 1914 for selected occupations is the per cent that the average for the year is of the 1913 average. The index for any year from 1914 to 1932 for all occupations was computed by increas ing or decreasing the 1914 index for selected occupations in proportion to the increase or decrease in the average for each succeeding year as compared with the 1914 average for wage earners in all occupations; that is, the 1914 index for selected occupations is to the 1932 index for all occupations as the 1914 average for all occupations is to the 1932 average for all occupations. Average full-time hours per week decreased from year to year from an index of 102.7 in 1910 to 88.2 in 1920, increased gradually to 89.2 in 1928, and then decreased to 88.8 in both 1930 and 1932. The range in average full-time hours per week in 1932 for males in the various occupations in the industry was from 44.3 for folders to 50.6 for heel builders, hand, and for females from 48.4 for table workers and shoe cleaners to 50.2 for buttonhole makers. Average earnings per hour increased from an index of 92.0 in 1910 to 93.9 in 1911, decreased to 92.6 in 1912 and then increased from year to year to 232.0 in 1920, dropped to 207.9 in 1922, and again increased from year to year to 220.3 in 1928, then dropped to 212.0 in 1930 and to 171.2 in 1932. In the different occupations in 1932, average earnings per hour of males ranged from 28.7 cents for stamp ers, linings or uppers, to 75 cents for turn sewers, and of females ranged from 23.5 cents for roughers for cement to 44.8 cents for cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine. In three occupations, for which figures are shown for both males and females in 1932, the females earned more per hour than the males. These occupations were heel builders, hand; stampers, linings or uppers; and channel openers and closers. In all other occupations males earned more per hour than females. Average full-time earnings per week increased from an index of 94.1 in 1910 to 95.8 in 1911, decreased to 93.2 in 1912, increased from year to year to 203.7 in 1920, decreased to 184.7 in 1922, and again increased from year to year to 196.6 in 1928, and then dropped to 188.5 in 1930 and to 152.3 in 1932. Average full-time earnings per week did not increase nor decrease in the same proportion as average earnings per hour because of the change from year to year in average full-time hours per week. In 1932 average full-time earnings per week of males in the various occupations ranged from $14.41 for stampers, linings or uppers, to $35.10 for turn sewers, and of females ranged from $11.47 for roughers for cement to $22.36 for cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine. 3 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and year THE INDUSTRY Index numbers (1913=100.0) Aver Aver Num Num age Aver age full ber ber age full of of time Full Year estab time earn wage hours ings earn Full time time Earn lish earn per ings earn ings hours per ers per ments hour per ings week per week week hour per week Occupation and sex Selected occupations only.................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 *1914 All occupations..................................... 11914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 60 10,581 81 15,028 81 19,405 88 19,911 91 18,567 91 136 143 117 104 106 164 157 161 164 49,376 60,692 58,321 51,247 47,361 45.460 52,697 48,658 55,158 49,666 56.5 $0,286 $16.07 .292 16.37 56.3 55.5 .288 15.91 .311 17.08 55.0 .314 17.11 54.6 102.7 102.4 100.9 100.0 99.3 .243 .259 .336 .559 .501 .516 .528 .530 .510 .412 ~99.T 94.9 88.2 88.4 88.9 88.9 89.2 88.8 88.8 ”l07.5" ””106.6 139.7 132.5 232.0 203.7 207.9 184.7 214.1 190.9 219.1 195.4 220.3 196.6 212.0 188.5 171.2 152.3 103.3 103.1 100.9 100.0 99.1 98.9 95.4 87.7 88.6 88.8 89.7 89.2 89.4 89.7 90.9 89.2 91.7 100.0 104.3 106.8 137.9 236.2 224.2 238.7 230.2 234.8 226.8 180.6 93.8 91.9 92.3 100.0 103.2 105.6 131.5 211.5 200.1 212.9 207.4 210.2 203.5 162.7 93.2 104.5 96.9 103.1 100.9 96.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.6 99.3 102.5 94.4 137.5 88.4 249.5 89.0 200.3 90.2 212.7 89.3 203.7 88.0 207.1 89.3 205.3 89.0 174.3 97.0 99.5 97.7 100.0 100.9 101.7 129.7 213.5 180.0 192.9 182.9 183.3 184.3 155.9 54.7 54.6 52.3 48.6 48.7 49.0 49.0 49.1 48.9 48.9 13.26 14.11 17.54 26.97 24.45 25.28 25.87 26.02 24.94 20.15 92.0 93.9 92.6 100.0 101.0 94.1 95.8 93.2 100.0 100.2 CUTTING DEPARTMENT Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand: Male............................................. 56.3 $0.319 $17.86 56.2 .313 17.50 .322 17.58 55.0 54.5 .351 19.05 54.0 .366 19.66 53.9 .375 20.12 .484 25.06 52.0 47.8 .829 40.29 48.3 .787 38.11 48.4 .838 40.56 48.9 .808 39.51 48.6 .824 40.05 48.7 .796 38.77 48.9 .634 31.00 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 48 64 71 71 75 113 114 91 84 88 108 110 127 125 1,650 2,066 1,995 1,987 1,812 2,355 2,319 2,050 1,915 2,009 2,129 1,777 2,226 2,032 Female........................................... 1932 Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine: Male— ......................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 2 13 49.8 .337 16.78 17 20 33 33 40 67 66 56 48 54 54 59 58 69 235 270 490 549 642 1,059 1,202 942 867 777 782 882 958 861 57.8 57.0 55.8 55.3 55.3 54.9 52.2 48.9 49.2 49.9 49.4 48.7 49.4 49.2 .301 .313 .313 .323 .325 .331 .444 .806 .647 .687 .658 .669 .663 .563 17.23 17.69 17.36 17.77 17.93 18.07 23.04 37.94 31.99 34.28 32.51 32.58 32.75 27.70 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 10 8 4 15 10 8 8 73 62 45 58 43 30 39 53.8 52.5 53.2 49.9 50.3 49.9 49.9 .393 .433 .310 .501 .471 .506 .448 21.69 23.51 16.49 25.00 23.69 25.25 22.36 Female-. 12 sets of averages are shown for this year—1 for selected occupations and the other for all occupations in the industry. The 1910 to 1914 averages for selected occupations are comparable 1 year with another, as are those for all occupations 1 year with another from 1914 to 1932. 4 T WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY able 1 . — Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 198$, by department, occupation, sea;, and year— Continued C U TTIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued 1 Occupation and sex Cutters, trimmings, hand (including dickers and blockers): Male.............................................. Female.. Cutters, trimmings, machine: Male........................... ...... Female.. Skivers, upper: Male______ Female.. Cutters, linings, hand: Male____________ Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age 1 ber age full ber full of of time Full Year estab time earn ings earn Full Earn time wage hours time ings earn lish per ings hours earn per per ments per ers ings week hour week per per week hour week 48.0 $0,452 $22.27 48.2 .460 22.02 48.8 .485 23.67 49.3 .516 25.44 48.9 .530 25.92 48.9 .509 24.89 49.4 .420 20.75 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 87 79 85 95 101 101 100 884 747 736 837 733 671 531 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 11 7 6 9 6 10 6 38 42 29 26 19 22 12 50.1 48.0 52.1 49.2 49.7 49.0 49.9 .284 .299 .348 .404 .363 .405 .291 13.98 14.82 18.13 19.88 18.04 19.85 14.52 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 37 30 42 47 50 50 68 163 116 187 173 259 225 235 49.1 50.3 50.3 49.8 49.9 50.3 48.6 .425 .398 .400 .439 .436 .467 .407 21.20 20.05 20.12 21.86 21.76 23.49 19.78 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 12 7 10 18 9 21 12 66 37 47 74 36 87 41 50.7 49.8 49.9 49.0 49.4 49.0 49.7 .273 .323 .280 .378 .372 .411 .316 13.77 16.20 13.97 18.52 18.38 20.14 15.71 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 12 28 32 32 29 32 23 29 31 29 37 34 36 36 74 136 156 134 116 124 96 87 77 100 96 98 104 63 547 54.8 54.7 54.5 54.4 54.6 50.9 48.1 47.6 48.0 48.4 48.1 48.3 48.4 .288 .292 .282 .299 .299 .311 .423 .596 .595 .619 .668 .653 .651 .537 15.80 15.98 15.41 16.23 16.13 16.93 21.55 28.58 28.48 29.71 32.33 31.41 31.44 25.99 100.4 100.6 100.4 100.0 99.8 100.2 93.4 88.3 87.3 88.1 88.8 88.3 88.6 88.8 96.3 97.7 94.3 100.0 100.0 104.0 141.5 199.3 199.0 207.0 223.4 218.4 217.7 179.6 97.4 98.5 94.9 100.0 99.4 104.3 132.8 176.1 175.5 183.1 199.2 193.5 193.7 160.1 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 49 60 67 67 77 113 121 105 94 89 113 110 121 129 338 57.0 374 57.0 371 55.0 439 54.6 446 54.1 591 54.0 697 51.7 611 48.7 539 . 48.6 474 49.0 552 48.9 541 49.1 664 48.8 672 48.9 .175 .176 .193 .209 .209 .209 .267 .434 .430 .472 .486 .458 .447 .354 9.94 9.97 10.58 11.38 11.30 11.26 14.73 21.47 20.84 23.12 23.77 22.49 21.81 17.31 104.4 104.4 100.7 100.0 99.1 98.9 94.7 89.2 89.0 89.7 89.6 89.9 89.4 89.6 83.7 84.2 92.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 127.8 207.7 205.7 225.8 232.5 219.1 213.9 169.4 87.3 87.6 93.0 100.0 99.3 98.9 129.4 188.7 183.1 203.2 208.9 197.6 191.7 152.1 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 58 66 73 85 91 101 101 233 229 285 373 338 466 469 .665 32.88 .684 32.82 .585 28.31 .642 31.52 .649 31.61 .630 30.62 .514 24.93 47.8 48.0 48.4 49.1 48.7 48.6 48.5 i | HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T able 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued CU TTIN G DEPAETM ENT—Continued Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age ber ber full age full earn time Full of of Year estab wage time ings earn Full time time Earn lish earn hours per ings earn ings per ments ers per hours ings per week hour week per per week hour week Occupation and sex Cutters, linings, hand—Continued. Female________________________ 1926 1928 1932 Cutters, linings, machine: Male............................................... 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 6 3 5 42 6 16 48 42 48 54 54 57 71 111 98 133 197 179 350 322 49.2 49.6 49.2 49.0 49.2 49.2 49.3 .561 .552 .577 .523 .566 .481 .423 27.82 27.58 28.39 25.63 27.85 23.67 20.85 Female________________________ 1928 1930 1932 4 6 6 7 21 16 49.7 49.7 49.9 .334 .394 .327 16.60 19.58 16.32 48.9 $0.307 $15.01 49.7 .416 20.68 49.5 .297 14.70 SOLE LEATHER D EPAETM ENT i Cutters, outsole:M ale............................................. 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Cutters, insole: Male_______________ - __________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Rounders, outsole or insole: M ale.-.—. - - - _. . . . . . . . . _. . . . . . . 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Channelers, outsole or insole: Male............................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 31 36 42 42 47 64 76 60 52 53 70 60 48 47 143 146 177 196 225 345 416 331 264 269 273 285 293 218 56.6 $0,274 $15.44 56.6 .278 15.70 56.2 .281 15.75 55.4 .303 16.69 55.0 .302 16.64 54.7 .307 16.74 52.1 .405 21.02 48.4 .716 34.79 48.5 .706 34.09 48.4 .731 35.38 48.6 .716 34.80 49.3 .716 35.30 .744 36.16 48.6 48.8 .668 32.60 40 43 38 43 54 49 46 184 193 298 217 349 353 293 48.4 48.3 48.4 48.8 49.2 49.0 49.0 .694 .680 .709 .640 .644 .608 .571 33.55 32.77 34.32 31.23 31.68 29.79 27.98 73 76 80 103 89 96 102 161 158 153 182 166 187 171 48.8 48.9 49.1 49.1 49.8 49.3 49.5 .576 .563 .591 .629 .627 .622 .509 28.21 27.48 29.02 30.88 31.22 30.66 25.20 44 57 72 75 77 107 122 108 89 ' 88 100 93 98 95 138 157 200 196 213 255 268 240 198 207 199 193 198 164 56.3 56.3 55.9 55.4 55.2 55.0 52.5 48.8 49.3 49.1 48.9 49.5 49.3 49.3 .296 .289 .298 .333 .331 .340 .430 .696 .649 .669 .709 .681 .686 .550 16.61 16.21 16.62 18.42 18.24 18.69 22.42 34.23 32.02 32.85 34.67 33.71 33.82 27.12 102.2 102.2 101.4 100.0 99.3 98.7 94.0 87.4 87.5 87.4 87.7 89.0 87.7 88.1 90.4 91.7 92.7 100.0 99.7 101.3 133.7 236.3 233.0 241.3 236.3 236.3 245.5 220.5 92.5 94.1 94.4 100.0 99.7 100.3 125.9 208.4 204.3 212.0 208.5 211.5 216.7 195.3 101.6 101.6 100.9 100.0 99.6 99.3 94.8 88.1 89.0 88.6 88.3 89.4 89.0 89.0 88.9 86.8 89.5 100.0 99.4 102.1 129.1 209.0 194.9 200.9 212.9 204.5 206.0 165.2 90.2 88.0 90.2 100.0 99.0 101.5 121.7 185.8 173.8 178.3 188.2 183.0 183.6 147.2 6 T WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY able 1 . — Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued SOLE LEATHER DEPARTMENT—Continued Occupation and sex Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age full ber ber age full Full of time of time earn Year estab ings earn Full time wage hours time Earn ings earn per earn ings lish per per ings per hours ments ers per week hour week per week hour week Cutters, top and heel lifts, machine: Male . ___ - - 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Heel builders, hand: Male . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _. . . __ . . . _ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Female . . . . . . . . . . . __________ -- 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Heel builders, machine (including compressors): Male . . . ____ _____________ — _ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Fem ale__________________ . . . _ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 47 43 33 32 33 25 30 15 15 14 10 11 8 5 8 9 7 8 6 9 7 232 364 265 106 131 211 189 58 49 21 18 32 29 8 60 34 20 19 23 44 14 49.0 $0,513 $24.95 48.5 .537 25.99 .512 24.73 48.3 .515 24.98 48.5 48.4 .517 25.02 48.8 .554 27.04 48.5 .494 23.96 50.1 .568 28.44 50.4 .495 24.74 50.1 .506 24.35 .483 24.05 49.8 .388 20.02 51.6 .541 26.13 48.3 .321 16.24 50.6 46.8 .415 19.40 48.0 .429 20.46 .477 23.18 48.6 50.0 .500 25.00 52.0 .403 20.96 .424 20.69 48.8 .348 17.16 49.3 37 33 24 24 23 26 19 16 17 17 18 13 16 15 90 119 70 47 79 66 69 90 214 157 93 124 138 75 49.2 48.9 48.6 48.7 48.7 50.0 49.2 47.3 48.3 48.2 48.2 48.1 48.8 48.6 .470 .497 .516 .527 .498 .483 .469 .407 .411 .442 .466 .453 .418 .393 23.19 24.29 25.08 25.66 24.25 24.15 23.07 19.38 19.85 21.30 22.46 21.79 20.40 19.10 FITTING OR STITCHING DEPARTMENT Stampers, linings or uppers (includ ing markers): Male______ ___________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 12 11 15 15 7 18 8 19 14 28 34 15 32 17 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 91 90 92 121 123 129 140 281 426 444 670 570 728 703 48.0 48.6 46.6 48.8 48.9 48.8 48.7 .393 .369 .380 .386 .400 .382 .314 19.02 17.87 17.71 18.84 19.56 18.64 15.29 Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including reinforcers, past ers, and fitters): Male............................................. . 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 14 8 12 18 5 21 8 21 29 24 42 9 58 26 47.5 48.2 47.8 50.8 46.2 47.7 46.0 .453 .528 .585 .374 .636 .537 .440 21.78 25.45 27.96 19.00 29.38 25.61 20.24 Female.. 48.1 $0,424 $20.59 49.4 .411 20.36 49.6 .407 20.19 49.2 .434 21.35 .621 29.81 48.0 50.4 .352 17.74 50.2 .287 14.41 7 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T able 1 . — Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued FITTING OB STITCHING DEPARTMENT—Continued Occupation and sex Cementers and doublers—Continued. Female......................... —.............. Folders, hand and machine: Male.............................. . Female.. Perforators: Male___ Female.. Tip stitchers: Male....... Female.. Closers or seamers: Male_________ Female.. Num Num ber ber of of Year estab wage lish earn ments ers Index numbers (1913=100.0) Aver Aver Aver age age full age full earn time Full time earn Full time hours ings time Earn ings per ings earn per per per hours ings week hour per week week hour per week 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 107 89 95 118 124 130 140 1,133 913 1,031 1,426 1,318 1,636 1,638 48.6 $0.353 $17.29 48.5 .337 16.36 49.1 .328 16.10 49.3 .340 16.76 49.3 .330 16.27 48.9 .335 16.38 48.9 .247 12.08 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 5 6 10 11 10 7 20 38 61 51 70 74 47.8 47.3 45.0 45.4 44.7 44.3 .715 .709 .957 .808 1.036 .683 33.42 33.54 43.07 36.68 46.31 30.26 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 74 71 93 121 119 130 138 769 826 840 1,002 928 1,208 1,135 48.4 48.4 48.7 48.7 48.8 48.6 48.8 .419 .413 .420 .453 .416 .388 .313 20.43 19.86 20.45 22.06 20.30 18.86 15.27 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 16 28 16 12 18 18 43 22 60 42 30 34 41 100 48.5 49.0 48.4 48.2 48.3 47.8 48.5 .510 .482 .512 .614 .648 .616 .469 24.44 23.68 24.78 29.59 31.30 29.44 22.75 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 82 84 90 102 96 99 112 218 422 295 372 269 272 346 48.2 48.3 49.4 49.5 49.4 49.1 48.9 .434 .444 .430 .441 .424 .430 .343 21.19 21.43 21.24 21.83 20.95 21.11 16.77 1932 5 5 49.2 .442 21.75 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 36 79 79 83 124 125 106 92 86 84 69 58 62 134 335 337 348 442 437 355 362 284 327 260 300 245 55.8 54.9 54.7 54.2 54.0 51.8 48.7 48.6 48.9 48.7 48.8 48.7 48.6 .205 .208 .219 .219 .231 .288 .447 .424 .475 .480 .440 .432 .356 11.38 11.36 11.94 11.87 12.45 14.86 21.77 20.68 23.23 23.38 21.47 21.04 17.30 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1932 10 8 5 7 8 9 19 12 11 21 16 13 47.6 48.2 48.4 47.9 47.8 46.7 .628 .487 .496 .633 .624 .527 3a 72 22.88 24.00 30.32 29.83 24.61 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 97 92 98 119 117 122 129 441 409 383 413 379 398 321 48.8 49.1 49.3 49.3 49.5 49.0 48.8 .396 .370 .397 .403 .407 .404 .331 19.48 18.23 19.57 19.87 20.15 19.80 16.15 102.0 100.4 100.0 99.1 98.7 94.7 89.0 88.8 89.4 89.0 89.2 89.0 88.8 93.6 95.0 100.0 100.0 105.5 131.5 204.1 193.6 216.9 219.2 200.9 197.3 162.6 95.3 95.1 100.0 99.4 104.3 124.5 182.3 173.2 194.6 195.8 179.8 176.2 144.9 8 T WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY able 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued F ITTIN G OB STITCHIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation and sex Seam rubbers, hand and machine: Male__________ _______________ Indi3x numlbers Aver (is113=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age \ ber ber full age full of of time Full Full Year estab time earn wage hours ings earn time Earn time lish earn ings hours ings earn per per per ments ers per ings per week hour week per week hour week 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 16 18 15 14 13 11 10 28 26 20 21 20 18 12 Female________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Lining makers (including lining closers and side and top facing stitchers): Male............................................... 1930 1932 69 49 53 62 50 75 78 157 99 88 100 106 159 163 49.1 48.5 47.8 48.9 49.3 49.4 48.8 .304 .302 .323 .341 .346 .333 .284 15.21 14.79 15.44 16.67 17.06 16.45 13.86 6 7 12 20 47.5 47.3 .716 .436 34.01 20.62 Female........................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Closers-on: Female........................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Top stitchers (including undertrim mers and barber trimmers): Male__________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 53 72 80 80 84 126 132 112 97 100 124 129 137 143 585 721 764 854 852 1,004 1,138 1,149 1,055 1,012 1,170 1,046 1,075 1,004 56.5 56.5 55.0 54.6 54.1 53.9 51.5 48.6 48.8 49.3 49.3 49.2 48.8 48.9 .164 .166 .170 .190 .189 .198 .241 .378 .362 .369 .413 .398 .395 .310 9.19 9.28 9.31 10.38 10.21 10.69 12.35 18.40 17.71 18.19 20.36 19.58 19.28 15.16 86.3 103.5 87.4 103.5 100.7 89.5 100.0 100.0 99.5 99.1 98.7 104.2 94 3 126.8 89.0 198.9 89.4 190.5 90.3 194.2 90.3 217.4 90.1 209.5 89.4 207.9 89.6 163.2 88.5 89.4 89.7 100.0 98.4 103.0 119.0 177.3 170.6 175.2 196.1 188.6 185.7 146.1 49 65 74 74 77 83 90 47 35 22 13 3 25 10 262 350 344 349 347 360 351 133 129 63 27 7 57 13 57.1 56.9 55.0 54.4 53.9 53.6 52.0 49.4 50.2 49.5 50.3 49.1 49.9 49.8 .178 .180 .186 .194 .193 .204 .237 .358 .394 .415 .336 .382 .366 .340 10.13 10.18 10.17 10.53 10.42 10.95 12.28 17.98 19.88 20.55 16.90 18.76 18.26 16.93 105.0 104.6 101.1 100.0 99.1 98.5 95.6 90.8 92.3 91.0 92.5 90.3 91.7 91.5 91.8 92.8 95.8 100.0 99.5 105.2 122.2 184.5 203.1 213.9 173.2 196.9 188.7 175.3 96.2 96.7 96.6 100.0 99.0 104.0 116.6 170.8 188.8 195.2 160.5 178.2 173.4 160.8 16 19 21 27 30 32 34 57 64 78 90 132 113 115 48.0 48.1 47.9 47.1 47.9 47.2 47.2 .639 .657 .675 .773 .830 .787 .603 30.74 31.59 32.33 36.41 39.76 37.15 28.46 721 1 56.3 911 56.9 1,033 54.9 1,070 54.6 1,076 54.2 1,427 54.0 1,364 51.6 1,187 48.5 1,195 48.8 .188 .194 .198 .210 .212 .220 .285 .448 .433 10.69 10.95 10.81 11.47 11.48 11.87 14. 57 21.94 21.16 103.1 104.2 100.5 100.0 99.3 98.9 94.5 88.8 89.4 89.5 92.4 94.3 100.0 101.0 104.8 135.7 213.3 206.2 93.2 95.5 94.2 100.0 100.1 103.5 127.0 191.3 184.5 Female........................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 53 73 82 82 86 128 135 112 100 48.7 $0,404 $19.23 47.6 .348 16.48 48.4 .407 19.70 48.1 .481 23.14 .408 19.58 48.0 47.4 .409 19.39 47.9 .370 17.72 9 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T able 1 . — Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued F ITTIN G O B STITCH IN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation and sex Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver age Aver age ber full ber age full time of of Full Year estab time earn Earn time ings earn Full wage hours time ings earn lish earn ings per per per ers ings per hours ments week hour week per per week hour week Top stitchers—Continued. Female........................................... 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Binders (including top banders): Male....... ......... ........... ................. 1930 1932 Female........................................... Buttonhole makers: Female........................................... 1,184 1,469 1,399 1,648 1,449 11 15 38 31 46.9 46.4 .895 .670 41.98 31.09 1920 ; 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 36 49 65 88 92 105 97 141 257 361 461 534 615 496 50.3 49.3 49.1 49.2 49.2 48.9 49.0 .455 .485 .478 .560 .492 .439 .358 23.03 23.75 ______1______ 23.47 27.55 24.21 21.47 17.54 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 33 74 74 80 113 82 46 47 44 65 57 34 11 108 468 517 506 466 140 70 83 66 110 81 42 12 9.83 .176 56.3 55.1 .180 9.87 .194 10.60 54.7 .198 | 1 10.70 53.9 .217 11. 65 53.8 .262 13.62 52.2 49.3 < .391 19.48 .369 18.20 49.6 49.3 .380 18.73 .444 21.80 49.1 .401 19. 73 49.2 .390 19.27 49.4 50.2 .331 16.62 26 72 72 66 94 64 33 44 38 49 30 so 60 55 205 232 198 195 102 44 76 68 80 48 117 105 31 31 33 39 36 46 42 Button fasteners: Female________________________ 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 j 1928 1930 ! 1932 Eyeleters (including hookers): Male________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Female_______________________ 1918 j 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Vampers: Male........................ ...................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1 49.3 $0.462 $22.77 .486 23.96 49.3 .451 22.28 49.4 .419 20.57 49.1 .338 16.56 49.0 90.3 90.3 90.5 89.9 89.7 220.0 231.4 214.8 199.5 161.0 97 121 124 132 137 198.5 208.9 194.2 179.3 144.4 102.9 100.7 100.0 98.5 98.4 95.4 90.1 90.7 90.1 89.8 89.9 90.3 91.8 90.7 92.8 100.0 102.1 111.9 135.1 201.5 190.2 195.9 228.9 206.7 201.0 170.6 92.7 93.1 100.0 100.9 109.9 128.5 183.8 171.7 176.7 205.7 186.1 181.8 156.8 56.4 55.3 54.8 53.7 53.8 52.7 48.4 49.2 49.4 50.0 49.8 48.7 48.5 . 157 8.88 102.9 .177 9.78 100.9 .199 , 10.95 100.0 .197 , 10.57 98.0 98.2 .211 | 1 11.32 96.2 .230 12.06 88.3 .386 18.56 .338 16.51 89.8 .332 16.40 90.1 .389 19.45 91.2 .352 17. 53 ' 90.9 .334 16.27 88.9 .325 15.76 88.5 78.9 88.9 100.0 99.0 106.0 115.6 194.0 169.8 166.8 195.5 176.9 167.8 163.3 81.1 89.3 100.0 96.5 103.4 110.1 169.5 150.8 149.8 177.6 160.1 148.6 143.9 75 73 68 74 59 79 70 48.4 48. 3 49. 2 49.0 48.8 48.7 48.8 .582 .514 .578 .557 .588 .503 .451 28.08 24.64 28.44 27.29 28.69 24.50 22.01 92 92 71 69 66 62 71 87 223 232 160 119 128 no 135 133 51.7 48.7 49.2 49.1 48. 7 49.7 49.4 49.1 .268 .442 .415 .444 .473 .435 .408 .333 13.64 21.61 20.26 21.80 23.04 21. 62 20.16 16.35 33 51 66 66 65 82 83 263 55.5 343 55.5 483 55.0 554 54.8 534 54.6 624 J 54.6 573 51.5 .293 .315 .306 .320 .312 .333 .442 16.24 17.42 16.76 17.47 17.04 18.14 22.73 91.6 98.4 95.6 100.0 97.5 104.1 138.1 93.0 99.7 95.9 100.0 97.5 io&8 130.1 101.3 101.3 100.4 100.0 99.6 99.6 94.0 10 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T able 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued F ITTIN G OR STITCHIN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation and sex Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age age full ber ber full earn time of of Year estab Full Earn Full time ings earn wage hours time time ings earn lish per earn ings hours per ments hour per ers per ings week per week week hour per week Vampers—Continued. Male............................................... 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 55 52 49 63 54 64 67 400 357 304 294 270 347 283 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 53 71 79 79 85 121 132 111 98 99 123 119 125 131 863 1,124 1,088 1,072 1,116 1,383 1,477 1,313 1,142 1,053 1,170 1,022 1,164 1,097 69 64 62 57 39 36 46 Female.................... ...................... 47.9 $0,700 $33.85 .628 30.09 47.8 48.2 .707 34.08 48.2 .741 35.72 48.2 .727 35.04 48.2 .672 32.39 48.2 .569 27.43 87.4 87.2 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 88.0 218.8 196.3 220.9 231.6 227.2 210.0 177.8 193.8 172.2 195.1 204.5 200.6 185.4 157.0 56.9 56.5 55.1 54.7 54.1 53.9 51.7 48.8 49.0 49.4 49.1 49.3 49.1 49.0 .238 .238 .230 .246 .243 .254 .312 .506 .480 .519 .531 .505 .465 .355 13.46 13.46 12.68 13.45 13.14 13.66 16.11 25.09 23.54 25.64 26.07 24.90 22.83 17.40 104.0 103.3 100.7 100.0 98.9 98.5 94.5 89.2 89.6 90.3 89.8 90.1 89.8 89.6 96.7 96.7 93.5 100.0 98.8 103.3 126.8 205.7 195.1 211.0 215.9 205.3 189.0 144.3 100.1 100.1 94.3 100.0 97.7 101.6 119.8 186.5 175.0 190.6 193.8 185.1 169.7 129.4 138 110 106 96 57 66 75 48.5 48.7 49.1 49.5 49.5 49.5 49.4 .388 .368 .393 .389 .393 .395 .326 19.21 17.93 19.30 19.26 19.45 19.55 16.10 69 63 62 68 65 78 77 194 205 159 223 203 267 247 48.8 48.7 49.0 48.8 49.0 49.0 49.0 .343 .362 .413 .401 .386 .371 .297 16.95 17.75 20.24 19.57 18.91 18.18 14.55 16 20 32 34 46 135 165 176 47.4 47.2 46.7 46.9 .763 .778 .834 .592 36.17 36.72 38.95 27.76 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 43 75 86 112 124 133 139 179 764 1,467 2,398 2,534 3,265 3,486 47.7 48.6 49.1 49.4 49.4 49.1 48.9 .459 .444 .451 .452 .423 .400 .301 22.50 21.54 22.14 22.33 20.90 19.64 14.72 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 49 67 78 78 82 125 124 98 83 67 85 77 82 77 307 392 426 389 432 575 560 428 402 267 337 279 317 223 56.6 56.5 55.1 54.7 54.3 54.0 51.9 48.7 48.8 49.2 48.8 49.1 49.1 49.0 .177 .185 .187 .195 .197 .213 .261 .417 .378 .413 .433 .419 .393 .326 9.9510.42 10.31 10.62 10.68 11.47 13.49 20.52 18.47 20.32 21.13 20.57 19.30 15.97 103.5 103.3 100.7 100.0 99.3 98.7 94.9 89.0 89.2 89.9 89.2 89:8 89.8 89.6 90.8 94.9 95.9 100.0 101.0 109.2 133.8 213.8 193.8 211.8 222.1 214.9 201.5 167.2 93.7 98.1 97.1 100.0 100.6 108.0 127.0 193.2 173.9 191.3 199.0 193.7 181.7 160.4 Barrers (including tackers): Female________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Tongue stitchers: Female ___ __. . . . . . . . __ ______ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1132 Fancy stitchers: Male_______________________ __ 1926 1928 1930 1932 Female__ _____________________ Backstay stitchers (including back strappers): Female___________ _____ __ ____ HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T able .11 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued FITTIN G OB STITCHIN G DEPARTM ENT-Continued Index numbers Aver(1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver » age age ber ber age fun full of of time Full Year estab time earn ings earn Full wage hours time time Earn lish earn per ings ings earn per hours per ments ers hour per ings week per week week hour per week Occupation and sex Table workers: Male............................................... 1932 6 8 1920 1922 1924 1926 • 1928 i 1930 1932 47 86 80 98 88 113 128 332 797 700 893 672 972 1,007 47.3 48.7 48.6 48.4 48.3 48.4 48.4 .327 .285 .302 .303 .318 .314 .248 15.78 13.85 14.68 14.67 15.36 15.20 12.00 Lacers (before lasting): M ale.—__ . . ___________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1932 9 8 7 7 6 13 14 12 13 10 6 17 48.1 47.8 48.0 48.6 49.7 48.0 .441 .325 .430 .356 .428 .351 21.48 14.39 20.64 17.30 21.27 16.85 Female___ ______ ______ _______ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 86 71 67 72 83 87 96 193 142 124 112 128 152 143 48.5 48.5 49.3 48.9 49.3 49.1 49.1 .348 .367 .399 .386 .373 .355 .291 16.94 17.86 19.67 18.88 18.39 17.43 14.29 Female 47.3 $0,324 $15.33 LASTIN G DEPARTM EN T Last pickers or sorters (including last easers): Male .......................................... 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Assemblers for pulling-over machine: 1911 Male............................................... 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Female . . . . . . . . . . . . _— _- __ — 1920 1922 1924 1926 1 1928 1930 1932 Pullers-over, hand: Male............ ................................. 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 72 81 85 106 105 112 117 271 238 262 291 245 308 248 48.3 $0,456 $22,05 48.8 .426 20.78 48.3 .455 21.98 49.2 .491 24.16 49.3 .477 23.52 49.0 .465 22.79 49.0 .403 19.75 17 50 54 64 97 102 88 70 81 113 116 125 138 218 542 597 708 801 726 691 593 421 541 537 624 574 55.4 55.8 55.4 55.3 55.0 52.6 48.6 49.0 49.3 49.1 49.0 49.0 49.1 23 15 8 9 10 9 16 77 58 33 36 26 32 43 35 45 52 52 49 46 35 784 897 1,036 937 749 543 344 .274 15.14 100.0 100.7 .238 13.21 100.7 87.5 .272 15.01 100.0 100.0 .279 15.37 99.8 102.6 .291 16.02 99.3 107.0 .398 20.85 94.9 146.3 .638 31.49 87.7 234.6 .567 27.94 88.4 208.5 .554 27.31 89.0 203.7 .596 29.26 88.6 219.1 .577 28.27 . 88.4 212.1 .568 27.83 88.4 208.8 .471 23.13 88.6 173.2 48.5 1 .500 49.0 .434 50.0 .399 49.6 .422 49.9 .501 49.4 .452 48.9 .339 24.20 21.35 19.95 20.93 25.00 22.33 16.58 56.4 56.3 55.3 55.3 54.9 54.8 51.7 16.38 17.50 17.41 18.37 19.21 18.99 24.62 .291 .312 .316 .333 .350 .347 .478 102.0 101.8 100.0 100.0 99.3 99.1 93.5 87.4 93.7 94.9 100.0 105.1 104.2 143.5 100.9 88.0 100.0 102.4 106.7 138.9 209.8 186.1 181.9 194.9 188.3 185.4 154.1 89.2 95.3 94.8 100.0 104.6 103.4 134.0 12 T able WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued LASTIN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation and sex Pullers-over, hand—Continued. Pullers-over, machine: 1 Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age ber age full ber full time of of Full Year estab time earn ings earn Full time wage hours time Earn ings lish earn per ings earn hours per per per ments ers hour ings per week week week hour per week 241.1 244.1 211.4 248.6 213.2 205.1 171.2 207.8 208.4 188.9 214.1 187.0 183.3 154.2 18.37 18.18 17.39 19.42 19.66 20.70 26.77 41.08 36.06 36.34 37.69 36. 41 35.11 28.28 103.6 101.3 100.7 100.0 100.2 99.3 94.9 88.1 88.3 89.0 88.8 88.8 88.6 88.6 91.2 92.6 88.9 100.0 101.4 107.4 145.9 238.5 208.5 210.0 218.2 210.8 203.7 164.1 94.6 93.6 89.5 100.0 101.2 106.6 137.8 211.5 185.7 187.1 194.1 187.5 180.8 145.6 .303 .308 .325 .440 .708 .614 .690 .740 .690 .637 .559 16.40 16.59 17.57 22.74 35.35 29.28 33.19 35.37 33.26 31.40 25.77 100.0 99.6 99.8 95.8 88.9 88.2 88.7 88.2 88.9 91.0 85.1 100.0 101.7 107.3 145.2 233.7 202.6 227.7 244.2 227.7 210.2 184.5 100.0 101.2 107.1 138.7 215.5 178.5 202.4 215.7 202.8 191.5 157.1 56.1 54.3 54.9 52.2 48.9 49.3 49.5 49.5 49.3 49.0 48.6 .323 .343 .339 .468 .772 .620 .617 .675 .661 .663 .529 18.23 18.54 18.53 24.35 37.68 30.79 30.54 33.41 32.59 32.49 25.71 100.0 96.8 97.9 93.0 87.2 87.9 88.2 88.2 87.9 87.3 86.6 100.0 106.2 105.0 144.9 239.0 192.0 191.0 209.0 204.6 205.3 163.8 100.0 101.7 101.6 133.6 206.7 168.9 167.5 183.3 178.8 178.2 141.0 513 793 1,127 1,220 1,173 1,336 1,303 1,252 1,167 1,082 1,279 1,207 1,478 1,355 56.4 56.1 55.6 55.2 55.1 55.0 52.1 48.7 48.9 49.1 49.1 49.2 49.1 49.1 .311 .321 .300 .330 .321 .349 .500 .789 .668 .692 .700 .682 .657 .515 17.50 17.96 16.67 18.21 17.68 19.13 25.98 38.61 32.78 33.98 34.37 33.55 32.26 25.29 102.2 101.6 100.7 100.0 99.8 99.6 94.4 88.2 88.6 88.9 88.9 89.1 88.9 88.9 94.2 97.3 90.9 100.0 97.3 105.8 151.5 239.1 202.4 209.7 212.1 206.7 199.1 156.1 96.1 98.6 91.5 100.0 97.1 105.1 142.7 212.0 180.0 186.6 188.7 184.2 177.2 138.9 325 477 478 449 456 556 57.4 57.0 55.8 55.3 55.5 55.1 .306 -.316 .324 .357 .348 .361 17.49 17.96 18.03 19.72 19.25 19.82 103.8 103.1 100.9 100.0 100.4 99.6 85.7 88.7 88.5 91.1 90.8 91.4 100.0 100.0 97.5 | 97.6 101.0 ’ 100. S 25 16 14 11 13 9 8 211 97 50 47 32 23 22 47.0 $0,803 $38.17 .813 38.29 46.7 .704 34.71 49.3 .828 39.33 47.5 48.4 .710 34.36 .683 33.67 49.3 .570 28.33 49.7 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 31 43 60 60 71 116 124 101 91 92 121 120 130 140 251 328 402 421 443 640 612 552 554 467 576 537 603 598 57.4 56.1 55.8 55.4 55.5 55.0 52.6 48.8 48.9 49.3 49.2 49.2 49.1 49.1 .320 .325 .312 .351 .356 .377 .512 .837 .732 .737 .766 .740 .715 .576 20 ' 20 40 43 42 31 40 38 31 23 17 224 237 358 394 445 362 388 287 128 148 105 54.2 54.0 54.1 51.9 48.2 47.8 48.1 47.8 48.2 49.3 46.1 16 16 45 57 51 56 64 93 104 117 124 155 167 291 292 322 338 402 616 660 736 757 35 54 65 65 70 93 104 93 86 92 121 117 130 132 33 39 39 41 41 66 Side lasters, hand: Male............................................... 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Side lasters, machine: Male............................................... 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Bed-machine operators: Male..................................... - ........ 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Hand-method lasting machine opera tors: 1910 Male........................................— 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 85.0 84.4 89.2 85.9 87.5 89.2 89.9 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 13 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T able 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued LASTIN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation and sex Index numbers (1913=100.0) Aver Aver Num Num age age Aver ber full ber age full of of time Full Year estab time earn ings earn Full wage hours time time Earn lish per ings ings earn earn per ments ers per hours per ings week hour week per per week hour week Hand-method lasting machine opera tors—Continued. Male__________________________ 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Turn lasters, hand (including first and second lasters): Male............................................... 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Turn lasters, machine: Male _____________ - ____ _____ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1932 Turn sewers: Male_____________ ___ _________ 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Tack pullers, hand and machine: M ale.__________ ____________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 F e m a le .____ __ ______ ______ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1932 59 30 27 12 14 9 19 18 411 213 178 97 68 101 74 90 52.9 $0.479 $25.22 48.9 .795 39.06 49.3 .735 36.38 48.5 '.694 33.66 48.9 .700 34.23 47.2 .856 40.40 49.4 .673 33.25 50.1 .546 27.35 95.7 88.4 89.2 87.7 88.4 85.4 89.3 90.6 134 2 222.7 205.9 194.4 196.1 239.8 188.5 152.9 127.6 198.1 184.5 170.7 173.6 2049 168.6 138.7 28 28 31 42 35 33 30 31 85 31 24 18 452 524 689 974 752 666 571 496 726 706 789 541 55.6 55.0 54.4 54.9 53.8 47.1 48.5 48.2 47.7 47.9 46.5 46.4 .275 .310 .324 .365 .453 .880 .732 .790 .870 .831 .780 .546 15.25 17.00 17.56 20.07 24.34 42.49 35.76 38.08 41.50 39.80 36.27 25.33 101.0 100.0 98.9 99.8 97.8 85.6 88.2 87.6 86.7 87.1 84.5 84.4 88.7 100.0 104 5 117.7 146.1 283.9 236.1 2548 280.6 268.1 251.6 176.1 89.7 100.0 103.3 118.1 143.2 249.9 210.4 2240 2441 2341 213.4 149.0 10 7 7 5 3 3 102 31 26 86 50 7 48.6 48.1 48.5 48.3 52.0 47.5 .756 .630 .604 .835 .575 .684 37.35 30.50 29.29 40.33 29.90 32. 49 29 25 30 25 30 28 28 15 16 81 67 71 55 63 66 66 38 35 544 53.7 49.1 49.8 49.3 48.9 49.6 48.0 46.8 .442 .500 .926 .801 .819 .857 .873 1.058 .750 24.00 26.75 46.26 40.14 40.38 41.91 43.30 50.78 35.10 70 62 79 98 95 103 114 425 348 331 321 284 315 317 47.5 48.6 48.9 49.3 49.2 49.0 49.2 .459 .423 .436 .462 .448 .415 .352 22.12 20.61 21.32 22.78 22.04 20.34 17.32 7 5 2 3 7 21 23 7 8 12 49.0 48.9 50.0 49.0 49.2 .349 .299 .375 .298 .286 16.84 14.57 18.75 14.60 14.07 101.6 101.3 100.9 100.0 99.8 99.3 94.6 87.9 87.2 90.2 88.8 100.0 100.4 103.8 123.8 194.4 88.7 91.3 89.7 100.0 100.3 103.3 117.0 173.2 BO TTO M IN G DEPARTM EN T Goodyear welters (including inseamers): Male............................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 153800°— 33------ 2 45 60 70 70 74 89 93 80 275 392 466 472 439 467 469 415 56.2 $0,437 $24 49 56.0 .452 25.21 55.8 .445 25.75 55.3 .501 27.60 55.2 .503 27.68 54.9 .520 28.50 53.3 .620 32.29 48.6 .974 47.81 14 T able WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 1*— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued B O T TO M IN G DEPARTM ENT-Continued Occupation and sex i Index numbers Aver (1913*100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age full ber ber age full of of time Full Year estab time earn ings earn Full wage hours time time Earn lish earn per ings ings earn per hours per ments ers hour per ings week per week week hour per week Goodyear welters—Continued. Male------ --------------------------------- 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Welt beaters and slashers: 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Bottom fillers, hand and machine: 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Female________________________ 1932 Roughers for cement: Male_________ ——_____ - __ - __ 1932 7 14 35 92 4 6 70 68 59 70 61 76 89 Female__________ - ____________ 1932 Sole cementers, hand and. machine (including bottom cementers): Male............................................... 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Female______________ __ _______ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Sole layers, hand and machine: Male............................................... 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Rough rounders: Mato............................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 74 76 92 86 92 92 375 336 358 328 377 336 48.4 $0,889 $43.30 48.7 .929 45.24 48.7 .938 45.68 49.1 .890 43.61 49.0 .820 40.18 .668 32.67 48.9 70 63 61 80 63 72 82 156 107 107 147 118 152 134 48.6 48.9 48.8 48.8 49.9 49.1 49.1 .588 .531 .533 .569 .508 .524 .404 28.85 25.98 25.26 27.77 25.35 25.73 19.84 69 69 66 82 81 95 103 131 125 126 158 139 198 181 48.7 48.7 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.3 49.4 .568 .500 .511 .507 .512 .445 .356 27.20 24.45 25.09 24.94 25.24 21.94 17.59 49.5 .280 13.86 49.7 .400 19.88 48.8 .235 11.47 134 143 110 145 110 176 184 48.8 48.8 49.0 48.9 49.1 49.2 49.3 .425 .408 .432 .456 .425 .425 .321 20.85 20.11 21.17 22.30 20.87 20.91 15.83 20 8 9 6 5 17 40 30 10 14 9 9 51 121 48.9 50.3 50.7 48.4 50.8 49.1 49.0 .336 .343 .373 .317 .342 .368 .276 16.33 17.41 18.91 15.34 17.37 18.07 13.52 77 79 79 98 113 114 117 249 238 247 284 237 280 250 48.6 48.5 49.2 49.1 49.0 49.2 49.1 .697 .644 .600 .636 .656 .594 .492 33.87 31.23 29.52 31.23 32.14 29.22 24.16 44 60 69 69 73 91 97 82 75 76 91 84 88 90 165 221 273 265 252 296 285 240 228 212 241 226 278 228 56.7 56.3 55.9 55.2 55.1 54.9 52.4 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.8 48.7 49.1 49.2 .406 .436 .435 .497 .503 .491 .593 .928 .818 .846 .825 .815 .751 .602 22.85 24.44 24.21 27.37 27.64 26.89 31.99 45.68 40.00 41.20 40.26 39.69 36.87 29.62 87.5 88.1 88.1 88.8 88.6 88.4 177.4 185.4 187.2 177.6 163.7 133.3 156.9 163.9 165.5 158.0 145.6 118.4 102.7 102.0 101.3 100.0 99.8 99.5 94.9 88.2 88.2 88.2 88.4 88.2 88.9 89.1 81.7 87.7 87.5 100.0 101.2 98.8 119.3 186.7 164.6 170.2 166.0 164.0 151.1 121.1 83.5 89.3 88.5 100.0 101.0 98.2 116.9 166.9 146.1 150.5 147.1 145.0 134.7 108.2 15 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T a b l e 1 . — Average hours and earningsy with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued BOTTOMING DEPARTMENT—Continued Occupation and sex Channel openers and channel closers (including channel layers, channel turners, channel cementers, and lip turners): Male............................................. Female. Goodyear stitchers: Male................. McKay sewers: Male........... . Sole attachers, cement: Male.............................................. Stitch separators (including stitch wheelers): Male.............................................. Levelers: Male. Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver age Aver age full ber age ber full of earn time Full of Year estab time ings earn Full Earn time time ings earn lish earn hours per ings per ings per ments ers per hours week hour week per per week hour week 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 87 73 75 90 92 98 95 280 255 243 303 287 336 240 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 17 14 4 20 16 28 30 44 29 10 68 43 65 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 45 61 70 70 74 97 105 86 77 79 98 89 100 95 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 28 30 32 49.8 50.0 50.8 48.9 48.8 48.9 48.8 .253 .444 .417 .417 .374 17.66 19.64 12.85 21.71 20.35 20.39 18.25 543 505 517 461 576 486 56.3 55.9 55.9 55.2 55.1 54.8 52.4 48.6 48.6 48.8 48.9 48.9 49.1 49.0 .374 .387 .376 .399 .410 .437 .527 .818 .755 .773 .776 .766 .727 .585 20.97 21.56 20.96 21.96 22.57 23.87 27.47 40.07 36.67 37.72 37.95 37.46 35.70 28.67 95 129 131 136 147 210 203 158 138 104 159 138 151 128 57.1 56.5 56.1 55.6 55.7 55.2 52.9 49.4 50.2 50.3 50.1 49.4 49.6 49.4 .290 .296 .286 .319 .338 .349 .449 .711 .659 .644 .687 .755 .684 .550 16.46 16.63 16.00 17.70 18.77 19.51 23.56 35.53 33.88 32.39 34.42 37.30 33.93 27.17 49.6 .495 24.55 156 108 91 111 117 168 110 49.0 48.7 49.1 48.8 49.1 49.1 48.9 .558 .498 .558 .528 .533 .491 .413 27.16 24.45 27.40 25.77 26.17 24.11 20.20 102 55.8 55.9 55.2 48.9 49.0 49.1 49.4 49.3 .297 .286 .304 .650 .580 .597 .655 .648 16.49 15.90 16.74 32.09 28.43 29.31 32.36 31.95 627 642 594 656 1932 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 68 48 1911 1912 1913 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 36 75 75 94 96 97 119 122 45 48 E 49.0 $0,488 $23.75 .443 21.76 49.2 .480 23.47 48.9 49.4 .508 25.10 49.4 .512 25.29 48.9 .506 24.74 49.2 18.15 318 315 345 318 102.0 101.3 101.3 100.0 99.8 99.3 94.9 88.0 88.0 88.4 88.6 88.6 88.9 88.8 102.7 101.6 100.9 100.0 100.2 99.3 95.1 88.8 90.3 90.5 90.1 88.8 89.2 88.8 101.1 101.3 100.0 88.6 88.8 88.9 89.5 89.3 93.7 97.0 94.2 100.0 102.8 95.5 98.2 95.4 100.0 102.8 109.5 132.1 205.0 189.2 193.7 194.5 192.0 182.2 146.6 108.7 125.1 182.5 167.0 171.8 172.8 170.6 162.6 130.6 90.9 92.8 89.7 100.0 106.0 109.4 140.8 222.9 206.6 201.9 215.4 236.7 214.4 172.4 93.0 94.0 90.4 133.1 200.7 191.4 183.0 194.5 210.7 191.7 153.5 97.7 94.1 100.0 213.8 190.8 196.4 215.5 213.2 98.5 95.0 100.0 191.7 109.8 175.1 193.3 190.9 100.0 106.0 110.2 16 T able WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued B O T TO M IN G DEPABTM ENT—Continued Occupation and sex Index numbers (1913=100.0) Aver Num Num Aver Aver age age ber ber full age full of of Full time Year estab time earn ings earn Full wage hours time time Earn ings earn lish earn per ings hours per ments per ers hour per ings week per week week hour per week Levelers—-Continued. Male.................................. ........... 1930 1932 Heelers, leather: Male............................................... 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Heelers, wood: Male__________________________ 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Heel trimmers or shavers: Male.................... ............ ......... . 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Heel breasters: Male................................. ............. 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Edge trimmers: Male............................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 124 128 390 337 49.1 $0,586 $28.77 49.2 .466 22.93 31 67 72 84 130 137 111 98 98 102 92 99 105 115 254 291 324 440 419 382 348 290 319 248 262 258 55.8 56.2 55.3 55.3 55.0 52.8 48.7 48.9 49.3 49.1 49.0 49.2 49.2 .403 .378 .424 .402 .430 .502 .832 .759 .768 .729 .764 .689 .570 22.52 21.17 23.32 22.18 23.59 26.37 40.73 37.15 37.86 35.79 37.44 33.90 28.04 18 33 27 38 73 80 .87 85 248' 533 245 403 713 798 891 786 54.1 47.4 47.9 48.1 48.8 49.4 48.4 48.5 .477 .899 .706 .690 .823 .829 .746 .524 25.61 42.92 33.54 33.19 40.16 40.95 36.11 25.41 55 71 81 81 85 121 128 103 94 96 103 94 101 103 189 246 252 277 277 367 350 284 246 213 234 198 232 195 56.6 56.5 56.0 55.4 55.2 54.9 52.6 48.8 48.9 49.1 49.2 49.3 49.2 49.3 .410 .415 .420 .448 .433 .449 .535 .891 .853 .793 .736 .716 .670 .556 35 75 75 82 111 113 100 80 79 78 72 68 64 76 163 171 173 232 218 195 161 131 124 116 132 95 56.1 55.9 55.4 55.3 54.8 52.9 48.8 49.2 48.9 49.1 48.8 48.2 49.6 55 71 81 81 85 129 138 112 100 102 127 131 140 146 573 765 827 838 886 1,081 1,015 828 789 686 808 754 895 813 56.4 56.5 55.9 55.4 55.1 54.9 52.5 48.7 48.9 49.1 49.2 49.1 49.1 49.1 88.9 89.1 192.8 153.3 171.9 137.0 100.9 101.6 100.0 100.0 99.5 95.5 88.1 88.4 89.2 88.8 88.6 89.0 89.0 95.0 89.2 100.0 94.8 101.4 118.4 196.2 179.0 181.1 171.9 180.2 162.5 134.4 96.6 90.8 100.0 95.1 101.2 113.1 174.7 159.3 162.3 153.5 160.5 145.4 120.2 23.03 23.32 23.39 24.74 23.88 24.55 27.99 44.26 38.04 38.94 36.21 35.30 32.96 27.42 102.2 102.0 101.0 100.0 99.6 99.1 94.9 88.1 88.3 88.6 88.8 89.0 88.8 89.0 91.5 92.6 93.8 100.0 96.7 100,2 119.4 198.9 190.4 177.0 164.3 159.8 149.6 124.1 93.1 94.3 94.5 100.0 96.5 99.2 113.1 178.9 153.8 157.4 146.4 142.7 133.2 110.8 .291 .295 .313 .303 .319 .412 .721 .587 .588 .631 .618 .586 .449 16.23 16.36 17.27 16.71 17.50 21.70 35.38 29.05 28.75 30.98 30.16 28.25 22.27 101.3 100.9 100.0 99.8 98.9 95.5 88.1 88.8 88.3 88.6 88.1 87.0 89.5 93.0 94.2 100.0 96.8 101.9 131.6 230.4 187.5 387.9 201.6 197.4 187.2 143.5 94.0 94.7 100.0 96.8 101.3 125.7 204.9 168.2 166.5 179.4 174.6 163.6 129.0 .382 .389 .380 .410 .400 .423 .545 .904 .764 .767 .785 .764 .722 .572 21.44 21.73 21.15 22.66 22.01 23.16 28.44 44.19 37.36 37.66 38.62 37.51 35.45 28.09 101.8 102.0 100.9 100.0 99.5 99.1 94.8 87.9 88.3 88.6 88.8 88.6 88.6 88.6 93.2 94.6 94.9 95.9 92.7 93.3 100.0 100.0 97.6 97.1 103.2 >102.2 132.9 125.5 220.5 195.0 186.3 164.9 187.1 166.2 170.4 191.5 186.3 165.5 156.4 176.1 139.5 124.0 17 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, department, occupation, sex, and i/ear— Continued B O TTO M IN G DEPA BTM E N T-C ontinued Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age ber ber age full full of of time Full Year estab time earn ings earn Full wage hours time time Earn per lish ings ings earn earn per ments ers per hours per ings week hour week per per week hour week Occupation and sex Sluggers: M a le .....____________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 79 68 26 30 31 39 43 153 96 32 58 39 60 54 49.2 $0,601 $29.57 49.2 .547 26.95 48.2 .563 27.14 .582 28.52 49.0 .618 30.34 49.1 48.8 .550 26.84 .408 19.99 49.0 FINISHING DEPABTM EN T Buffers (including bottom scourers): Male............................................. 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 36 72 72 81 129 129 111 98 99 124 122 126 134 174 338 358 396 535 476 449 408 361 434 356 364 295 55.8 $0,294 $16.37 .289 16.09 56.0 55.3 .318 17.52 55.3 .309 17.05 54.9 .327 17.92 .424 22.20 52.7 48.8 .726 35.69 49.0 .630 30.95 49.4 .614 30.33 49.4 .640 31.62 49.5 .651 32.22 49.1 .620 30.44 .474 23.37 49.3 1930 1932 71 83 122 141 48.8 48.7 .695 .549 33.92 26.74 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 54 68 78 77 86 131 138 112 99 102 129 133 140 145 560 722 789 826 872 966 924 845 779 681 765 738 794 744 56.3 ' .373 56.3 .380 55.8 .379 .411 55.3 55.2 .410 .414 54.9 52.7 .525 48.7 .873 .757 48.9 49.1 .756 49.1 .766 49.1 .755 .706 49.0 49.0 .551 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 35 78 78 84 125 129 108 97 98 104 97 101 106 54.8 56.0 55.4 55.3 55.0 52.7 48.7 48.9 49.2 49.2 49.1 49.2 50.0 Heel burnishers (including stoners, ex pediters, and heel slickers): M ale...*........................................ 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 125 342 364 372 504 470 451 421 378 342 312 352 288 33 74 75 84 127 128 109 92 106 254 280 283 367 325 304 300 55.6 56.1 55.5 55.5 55.2 52.8 48.7 48.9 Naumkeag operators: Male...................... Edge setters: Male....... Heel scourers (including first and sec ond scourers): Male____________________ ____ 100.9 101.3 100.0 100.0 99.3 95.3 88.2 88.6 89.3 89.3 89.5 88.8 89.2 92.5 90.9 100.0 97.2 102.8 133.3 228.3 198.1 193.1 201.3 204.7 195.0 149.1 93.4 91.8 100.0 •97.3 102.3 126.7 203.7 176.7 173.1 180.5 183.9 173.7 133.4 20.94 21.29 21.05 22.70 22.54 22.62 27.57 42.84 37.02 37.12 37.61 37.07 34.59 27.00 101.8 101.8 100.9 100.0 99.8 99.3 95.3 88.1 88.4 88.8 88.8 88.8 88.6 88.6 90.8 92.5 92.2 100.0 99.8 100.7 127.7 212.4 184.2 183.9 186.4 183.7 171.8 134.1 92.2 93.8 92.7 100.0 99.3 99.6 121.5 188.7 163.1 163.5 165.7 163.3 152.4 118.9 .291 .289 .314 .310 .346 .438 .726 .607 .621 .623 .589 .567 .463 16.12 16.09 17.35 17.10 18.94 22.92 35.38 29.79 30.55 30.65 28.92 27.90 23.15 98.9 101.1 100.0 99.8 99.3 95.1 87.9 88.3 88.8 88.8 88.6 88.8 90.3 92.7 92.0 100.0 98.7 110.2 139.5 231.2 133.3 197.8 198.4 187.6 180.6 147.5 92.9 92.7 100.0 98.6 109.2 132.1 203.9 171.7 176.1 176.7 166.7 160.8 133.4 .306 .292 .317 .322 .325 .433 .704 .584 16.97 16.31 17.54 17.86 17.84 22.66 34.50 28.75 100.2 101.1 100.0 100.0 99.5 95.1 87.7 88.1 96.5 92.1 100.0 101.6 102.5 136.6 222.1 184.2 96.8 93.0 100.0 101.8 101.7 129.2 196.7 163.9 18 T able WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, by department, occupation, sea;, and year— Continued FINISHING DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation and sex Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age ber ber age full fuHof earn time Full of Full Year estab time ings earn wage hours time time Earn lish earn ings earn ings per per ments per ers ings per hours week hour week per per week hour week Heel burnishers—Continued. Male.................... ..............—........ 1924 1920 1928 » 1930 1932 Bottom stainers: Male. _ _________ _____ __ ___ 1932 Female ^ ...... . .... „ 1.932 Bottom finishers (including bottom slickers): Male__ _______________________ 1.928 1.930 ! 1932 Female________________________ 1928 1930 1932 Brushers: M ale..________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 91 104 91 104 100 265 275 236 308 233 50.0 $0,584 $29.20 49.3 .607 29.93 49.3 .581 28.64 49.3 .527 25.98 49.2 .416 20.47 66 153 48.7 .392 19.09 73 250 48.9 .291 14.23 104 123 133 309 491 387 48.9 48.8 49.0 .632 .576 .437 30.90 28.11 21.41 2 13 3 2 60 8 48.0 49.5 49.1 .553 .375 .326 26.54 18.56 16.01 86 80 80 88 78 69 74 300 298 303 248 189 175 185 48.4 48.9 49.2 49.2 49.4 48.9 49.2 .474 .431 .498 .450 .454 .436 .382 22.96 21.10 24.50 22,14 22.43 21.32 18.79 36 24 38 46 36 42 49 49.6 50.5 50.4 50.1 49.5 49.1 48.6 .350 16.62 .324 | 1 16.42 .445 *1 22.43 .416 20.84 .336 16.63 .342 16.79 .269 13.07 Female________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Shoe cleaners: Male__________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 17 i 10 12 18 13 22 21 34 36 38 39 42 47 48 109 150 115 116 131 153 105 48.1 49.0 48.8 48.3 48.3 48.7 48.0 .488 .431 .416 .526 .493 .441 .356 23.10 21.15 20.30 25.41 23.81 21.48 17.09 Female________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Last pullers, hand and machine: Male__________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 Treers, hand and machine: Male............................................... 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 28 33 38 29 26 47 52 175 193 169 66 77 145 157 48.8 48.1 48.9 48.6 49.0 49.0 48.4 .331 .325 .342 .338 .334 .300 .247 16.09 15.79 16.72 16.43 16.37 14.70 11.95 97 88 91 112 119 127 131 266 233 228 275 226 276 236 48.9 49.0 49.7 49.5 49.2 49.2 49.2 .524 .460 .471 .494 .510 .501 .396 25.34 22.74 23.41 24.45 25.09 24.65 19.48 44 63 73 73 80 124 125 98 90 93 832 1,006 1,143 1,110 1,204 1,652 1,387 1,106 970 948 55.9 56.0 55.8 55.3 55.3 54.9 52.3 48.3 48.6 48.8 .259 .267 .266 .282 .279 .291 .403 .677 .577 .624 14.42 14.84 14.76 15.54 15.38 15.94 20.98 33.03 28.12 30.45 90.1 88.8 88.8 88.8 88.6 184.2 191.5 183.3 166.2 131.2 166.5 170.6 163.3 148.1 116.7 • ' I 101.1 101.3 100.9 100.0 100.0 99.3 94.6 87.3 87.9 88.2 91.8 94.7 94.3 100.0 98.9 103.2 142.9 240.1 204.6 221.3 92.8 95.5 95.0 100.0 99.0 102.6 135.0 212.5 181.0 195.9 19 HOURS AND EARNINGS, 1910 TO 1932 1.— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1982, department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued T a b le by FINISHING DEPARTMENT- Continued Occupation and sex Treers, hand and machine—Contd. Male............................................. Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age full ber ber age I full earn time Full of of Full Year estab time ings earn time Earn time wage hours lish earn ings ings per earn per per hours per ers ings ments week hour week per per week hour week 49.2 $0.611 $30.06 .624 30.70 49.2 49.1 .563 27.64 49.3 .433 21.35 89.0 89.0 88.8 89.2 216.7 221.3 199.6 153.5 193.4 197.6 177.9 137.4 .143 .145 .153 .158 .175 .188 .232 .403 .396 .431 .419 .386 .380 .305 8.19 8.32 8.32 8.56 9.06 9.93 12.25 19.95 19.51 21.03 20.53 19.03 18.47 14.85 105.9 106.4 99.6 100.0 95.4 97.3 97.6 91.0 90.3 89.4 89.7 90.3 89.0 89.2 90.5 91.8 96.8 100.0 110.8 119.0 146.8 255.1 250.6 272.8 265.2 244.3 240.5 193.0 95.7 97.2 97.2 m o 105.8 116.0 143.1 233.1 227.9 245.7 239.8 222.3 215.8 173.5 48.1 48.3 48.9 48.2 48.5 48.2 48.2 .505 .462 .511 .594 .569 .606 .524 24.37 22.30 24.99 28.63 27.60 29.21 25.26 711 668 624 925 832 863 590 47.7 48.2 48.8 49.0 49.4 49.2 4S.8 .392 .377 .403 .388 .377 .383 .333 18.69 18.18 19.67 19.01 18.62 18.84 16.25 11 14 18 22 16 18 16 18 39 49 24 26 47.6 48.6 48.8 49.0 48.5 49.2 .391 .395 .413 .428 .487 .390 18.47 19.04 20.15 20.97 23.62 19.19 1920 1922 1924. 1926 1928 1930 1932 78 73 62 81 77 88 98 253 288 225 317 290 392 402 48.5 49.0 49.4 49.1 49.3 48.9 49.1 .367 .339 .366 .377 .375 .355 .308 17.81 17.35 18.08 18.51 18.49 17.36 15.12 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 14 11 17 17 12 11 10 30 21 37 30 23 18 14 48.8 48.5 49.7 50.1 49.7 48.4 49.8 .381 .378 .307 .380 .433 .463 .333 18.70 18.25 15.26 19.04 21.52 22.41 16.58 1920 1922 1924 1926 19281930 1932 95 90 84 115 116 124 133 321 279 225 350 305 363 308 48.7 49.0 49.0 48.9 49.0 48.8 48.7 .374 .355 .390 .378 .389 .374 .314 18.13 17.36 19.11 18.48 19.06 18.25 15.29 1926 1928 1930 1932 114 118 125 132 1,088 1,072 1,210 1,056 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 8 11 13 13 18 15 31 37 35 31 43 36 42 41 Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scourers): Male............................................. . 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 74 85 108 110 107 144 211 296 228 184 302 239 280 249 57.8 58.1 54.4 54.6 52.1 53.1 53.3 49.7 49.3 48.8 49.0 49.3 48.6 48.7 57 49 48 53 48 50 40 169 126 102 128 134 142 65 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 87 79 77 110 120 123 131 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1932 Female.. Female.. Dressers: Male. Female.. Sock liners (including heel-lining, heel-pad, and heel-pin pasters): Male............................................. Female.. WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 20 T a b l e 1 .— Average hours and earnings, with index numbers, 1910 to 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and year— Continued FINISHING DEPARTM ENT-Continued Occupation and sex Lacers (before packing): Female___ ______ ______________ Index numbers Aver (1913=100.0) Num Num Aver Aver age age ber full ber age full Full of of time Year estab time earn wage hours ings earn Full time time Earn lish earn earn ings per ings per ments per ings ers per hours week hour week per per week hour week 89 82 71 86 90 95 103 304 235 201 194 204 214 199 Packers: Male________- _________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 48.7 $0.323 $15.64 48.9 .304 14.81 49.1 .368 18.07 48.9 .326 15.94 49.2 .320 15.74 49.3 .331 16.32 48.9 .266 13.01 38 17 17 34 18 26 14 96 43 37 110 31 71 29 49.2 50.0 48.9 49.4 49.6 48.8 49.1 .470 .477 .458 .433 .443 .441 .459 24.02 23.75 22.40 21.39 21.97 21.52 22.54 Female________________________ 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 100 90 92 112 125 132 138 503 397 332 387 379 457 409 48.3 48.2 48.7 48.7 48.7 48.8 48.8 .353 .351 .360 .377 .388 .379 .315 17.10 16.97 17.53 18.36 18.90 18.50 15.37 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 ALL DEPARTM ENTS Other employees: Male_______ Female.. 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 91 20,887 135 24,010 143 23,324 117 10,445 104 10,133 105 9,262 154 9,764 156 9,070 162 9,073 164 7,853 55.0 $0.224 $12.29 55.0 .243 13.35 52.7 .327 17.17 48.7 .518 25.22 49.0 .461 22.58 48.8 .481 23.47 49.0 .501 24.55 .513 25.14 49.0 48.8 .500 24.40 48.9 .437 21.37 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 89 134 142 116 101 103 132 141 151 152 54.0 53.8 51.8 48.6 48.8 49.0 48.8 49.2 48.9 48.9 12,347 14,851 16,007 6,964 5,074 5,363 6,212 5,155 5,032 3,806 .168 .178 .226 .361 .334 .350 .335 .361 .351 .306 9.05 9.62 11.67 17.73 16.39 17.15 16.35 17.76 17.16 14.96 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 21 Average Hours and Earnings, 1930 and 1932, by Sex and State Table 2 shows for males and for females separately, and for both sexes combined, average full-time hours per week, earnings per hour, and full-time earnings per week. The averages are for the wage earners covered in each State or group of two States in 1930 and 1932. This table makes easy the comparison of the 1930 averages for any State with those for 1932, and also the averages for any one State in either year with the averages for any other State, or for the industry as a whole. Comparing the 1930 average earnings per hour with those for 1932 it is seen that in Illinois, the first State in the table, males averaged 62.4 cents in 1930 and 42.7 cents in 1932; females averaged 37.6 cents in 1930 and 27.2 cents in 1932; and both sexes combined averaged 49.9 cents in 1930 and 34.2 cents in 1932. Average earnings per hour for each sex were less in each State in 1932 than in 1930. Average earnings per hour of males in the various States studied ranged from 43.4 to 71.1 cents in 1930 and from 34.5 to 63.1 cents in 1932; of females ranged from 26.8 to 48.3 cents in 1930 and from 21.6 to 42.1 cents in 1932; and of both sexes combined ranged from 35.3 to 62.8 cents in 1930 and from 28.2 to 55.9 cents in 1932. Earn ings per hour for males in all States combined averaged 60.4 cents in 1930 and 49.3 cents in 1932, a decrease of 18.4 per cent, and for females averaged 38.2 cents in 1930 and 30.8 cents in 1932, a decrease of 19.4 per cent. Average full-time hours per week of males in the various States included in the study ranged from a low of 45.9 to a high of 52.9 in 1930 and from 46.0 to 53.0 in 1932; of females ranged from 46.5 to 53.1 in both years; and of both sexes combined, or the industry, ranged from 46.1 to 53.0 in 1930 and from 46.2 to 53.0 in 1932. Full time hours per week for males, all States combined, averaged 48.8 in 1930 and 48.9 in 1932, and for females 48.9 in both 1930 and 1932. Average full-time earnings per week of males ranged by States from $22.74 to $32.63 in 1930 and from $17.51 to $29.03 in 1932; of females, from $13.78 to $22.46 in 1930 and from $10.66 to $19.58 in 1932; and of both sexes combined from $18.46 to $28.95 in 1930 and from $14.57 to $25.83 in 1932. Full-time earnings per week of males in all States averaged $29.48 in 1930 and $24.11 in 1932, and of females $18.68 in 1930 and $15.06 in 1932. 22 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T able 2.— Average hours and earnings, 1980 and 1982, by sex and State Sex and State Number of establish ments 1930 1932 6 Pennsylvania-—...................... Tennessee................................. Wisconsin................................. 6 3 7 7 56 4 4 11 9 3 19 7 12 4 9 Total.................................. Number of wage earners Average full Average earn Average full time hours ings per hour time earnings per week per week 1930 1932 1930 1932 1930 1932 3 8 7 59 4 4 11 8 3 19 7 12 4 9 1,808 386 1,277 946 8,725 346 347 3,730. 1,718 327 6,210 1,677 1,873 503 1,678 1,450 343 1,223 848 7,663 337 246 3,282 1,151 277 5,548 1,617 2,180 481 1,400 48.8 52.4 52.9 48.8 48.2 49.6 50.0 49.0 49.0 45.9 47.6 48.2 51.1 51.8 49.7 49.0 $0,624 $0,427 $30.45 53.0 .434 .345 22.74 52.9 .511 .447 27.03 48.9 .490 .358 23.91 48.3 .671 .557 32.34 49.5 .554 .501 27.48 49.9 .498 .417 24.90 .548 49.0 .473 26.85 48.4 .439 24.75 .505 46.0 .711 .631 32.63 47.6 .666 .536 31.70 48.1 .485 28.44 .590 51.3 .512 .408 26.16 49.4 .440 .385 22.79 49.9 .602 .481 29.92 161 164 31,551 28,046 48.8 48.9 .604 .493 29.48 24.11 Illinois...................................... Kentucky-................................ Maine....................................... Maryland and Virginia........... Massachusetts..................: — Michigan.................................. Minnesota................................ Missouri................................... New Hampshire...................... New Jersey.............................. New York...... .......................... Ohio.......................................... Pennsylvania........................... Tennessee............. - .................. Wisconsin................................. 6 3 7 7 48 4 4 11 9 3 19 7 11 4 9 6 3 8 7 51 4 4 11 8 3 19 7 11 4 9 1,785 379 1,130 605 6,197 257 285 2,824 1,437 189 3,864 1,597 1,146 456 1,485 1,716 323 1,004 580 5,710 207 198 2,524 971 151 3,655 1,550 1,260 437 1,334 49.1 52.2 53.1 48.8 47.9 49.6 49.9 49.2 49.1 46.5 48.4 48.0 50.0 51.4 49.0 49.3 52.7 53.1 48.9 47.9 49.5 49.8 49.2 48.4 46.5 48.4 47.9 50.6 48.9 49.2 .376 .273 .360 .311 '.446 .318 .321 .321 .349 .483 .411 .361 .331 .268 .409 .272 .216 .299 .218 .354 .299 .279 .273 .291 .421 .340 .292 .248 .249 .336 18.46 14.25 19.12 15.18 21.36 15.77 16.02 15.79 17.14 22.46 19.89 17.33 16.55 13.78 20.04 13.41 11.38 15.88 10.66 16.96 14.80 13.89 13.43 14.08 19.58 16.46 13.99 12.55 12.18 16.53 T ota l.-........................... 152 155 23,636 21,620 48.9 48.9 .382 .308 18.68 15.06 Illinois_____________________ Kentucky............................... Maine....................................... Maryland and Virginia........... Massachusetts........... - ............. Michigan................................ Minnesota................................ Missouri................................... New Hampshire...................... New Jersey............................... New York................. - ........... Ohio.......................................... Pennsylvania...................... . Tennessee................................. Wisconsin................................. 6 3 7 7 56 4 4 11 9 3 19 7 12 4 9 6 3 8 7 59 4 4 11 8 3 19 7 12 4 9 3,593 765 2,407 1,551 14,922 603 632 6,554 3,155 516 10,074 3,274 3,019 959 3,134 3,166 666 2,227 1,428 13,373 544 444 5,806 2,122 428 9,203 3,167 3,440 918 2,734 49.0 52.3 53.0 48.8 48.1 49.6 49.9 49.1 49.0 46.1 47.9 48.1 50.7 51.6 49.4 49.2 52.8 53.0 48.9 48.1 49.5 49.9 49.1 48.4 46.2 47.9 48.0 51.0 49.2 49.5 .499 .353 .442 .418 .579 .456 .422 .451 .437 .628 .569 .477 .443 .359 .513 .342 .282 .380 .298 .470 .426 .354 .384 .372 .559 .457 .389 .346 .322 .412 24.45 18.46 23.43 20.40 27.85 22.62 21.06 22.14 21.41 28.95 27.26 22.94 22.46 18.52 25.34 16.83 14.89 20.14 14.57 22.61 21.09 17.66 18.85 18.00 25.83 21.89 18.67 17.65 15.84 20.39 Total............................... 161 164 55,158 49,666 48.9 48.9 .510 .412 24.94 20.15 1930 1932 HALES Illinois_____________________ Kentucky................................. Maine....................................... Maryland and Virginia........... Massachusetts.......................... Michigan.................................. Minnesota................................ Missouri.................................. New Hampshire....................... New Jersey............................... New York................................ $20.92 18.29 23.65 17.51 26.90 24.80 20.81 23.18 21.25 29.03 25.51 23.33 20.93 19.02 24.00 FEMALES HALES AND FEMALES WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 23 Average and Classified Earnings Per Horn*, by Occupation Table 3 gives average earnings per hour and a percentage distri bution by classified average earnings per hour of the wage earners covered in 14 of the representative occupations of the industry in each of the specified years from 1913 to 1932. The 1932 figures in the table are for 8,153 males in 13 occupations and for 6,742 females in 8 occupations. The males in these occupa tions constitute 29.1 per cent of all males included in the 1932 study of the industry; the females, 31.2 per cent of all females; and the males and females combined constitute 30.0 per cent of all wage earners covered in this study. Both males and females were reported in 7 occupations, males only in 6, and females only in 1. The 14 occupations were selected from the various departments of the industry to illustrate the variation in the trend and spread of average earnings per hour of males and of females in all occupations in the industry. For a similar distribution by number of wage earners covered in each of these occupations in each State in 1932, see Table B, page 79. In 1913 the 1,987 cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male— the first occupation shown in the table— earned an average of 35.1 cents per hour and 95 per cent of them earned less than 50 cents per hour. Earnings increased each year to 1920 when the average was 82.9 cents and approximately 7 per cent earned less than 50 cents per hour. The peak of earnings was in 1924 when the average was 83.8 cents per hour and only 5 per cent earned less than 50 cents per hour. The average for the 2,032 cutters covered in 1932 was 63.4 cents per hour, when about 22 per cent earned less than 50 cents per hour, 18 per cent earned an average that was within the classified group of “ 50 and under 60 cents,” and when 3 per cent earned an average that was within the group of “ $1.00 and under $1.20” per hour. Less than 1 per cent earned an average that was within the group of “ $1.20 and under $1.40” per hour and within the group of “ $1.40 and over per hour.” 2 T able 3.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1913 to 1932, by department, sex, and /ear CUTTING DEPARTMENT 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 32 29 32 23 29 31 29 37 34 36 36 134 116 124 96 87 77 100 96 98 104 63 .299 .299 .311 .423 .576 .595 .619 .668 .653 .651 .537 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 67 77 113 121 105 94 89 113 110 121 129 ; 1 439 446 591 697 611 539 474 552 541 664 672 .209 .209 .209 .267 .434 .430 .472 .486 .458 .447 .354 (0 8 6 6 2 15 11 12 4 0) (v 0) 0) 0) 0) 1 53 50 46 18 2 3 1 2 2 3 8 17 20 26 24 5 7 4 6 6 6 13 *5 2 10 29 34 9 11 10 10 10 11 18 11 11 13 12 15 12 13 18 35 12 15 14 15 15 15 23 17 20 13 20 19 22 9 23 10 22 11 13 12 5 9 7 9 1 2 3 2 1 1 1 3 25 13 15 5 6 3 2 5 1 8 46 58 57 49 11 14 16 11 8 12 17 7 9 7 22 9 9 17 14 9 15 11 23 21 24 7 34 39 9 14 20 11 13 7 7 7 21 23 28 20 21 36 3 10 7 9 6 10 11 17 7 7 6 3 10 3 3 10 11 4 9 8 6 31 27 27 27 3 5 6 3 4 5 11 15 16 13 18 12 11 7 6 9 11 18 7 7 10 28 30 30 19 20 23 25 28 1 1 1 5 22 23 26 26 27 24 17 21 1 18 19 19 21 19 19 7 4 3 5 5 4 3 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 x 1 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 2 1 5 4 6 1 0) 1 4 3 3 5 13 15 17 6 (l) (l) 0) 0) 2 (1)3 6 9 2 2 1 1 1 2 28 29 26 15 2 1 1 0) 1 6 0 6 5 14 13 10 10 7 5 16 17 . 4 15 4 5 15 17 5 4 13 3 0) 2 2 3 2 2 1 0) lI 0) 5 4 9 6 7 2 I 3 2 3 4 1 0) 1 1 1 3 (0 (*) 0) 0) 0) INDUSTRY $0.351 366 .375 .484 .829 .787 .838 .808 .824 .796 .634 SHOE ............................................... - - 1,987 1,812 2,355 2,319 2,050 1,915 2,009 2,129 1,777 2,226 2,032 AND Female 71 75 113 114 91 84 88 108 110 127 125 HOURS— BOOT Skivers, upper: Male 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 AND Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand: Male............................................................ Year WAGES Occupation and sex Per cent of employees whose earnings per hour were— Num Num Aver age ber of ber of earn 90 80, 50, 60, 30, 40, 20, estab wage ings Un 2bA under under under under under under cents, $1.00, $1.20, $1.40 under under under lish under under and per der 12 under 90 under $1.20 $1.40 over 50 60 70 80 20 30 40 25 ments earners hour 16 cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 FITTING OB STITCHING DEPABTMENT Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including reinforcers, pasters, and fitters): Male.................................................................. 1,133 913 1,031 1,426 1,318 1,636 1,638 .353 .337 .328 .340 .330 .335 .247 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 80 84 126 132 112 97 100 124 129 137 143 854 852 1,004 1,138 1,149 1,055 1,012 1,170 1,046 1,075 1,004 .190 .189 .198 .241 .378 .362 .369 .413 .398 .395 .310 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 16 19 21 27 30 32 34 57 64 78 90 132 113 115 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 82 86 128 135 112 1,070 1,076 1,427 1,364 1,187 1Less than 1 per cent. * Classified in this year as “ 50 cents and over.” » Grouped in this year as “ 70 cents and over.” 4Less than 1 per cent, and classified in this year, as u 50 cents and over.' 12 1 2 1 0) (0 0) 21 21 19 12 0) 1 2 (9 16 (<) 1 10 8 9 13 13 13 4 .639 .657 • .675 .773 .830 .787 .603 .210 .212 .220 .285 .448 (<) 2 19 1 1 0) 0 10 0) 0) 0 1 2 1 4 2 2 18 20 16 15 4 (l) (9 0) (l) 0) 0) 0) 4 5 17 11 13 12 7 0) 1 1 1 1 1 0) 1 0) 0) 0) 0) •(f)- (9 9 11 12 6 8 19 11 4 10 10 12 5 11 20 0) HOUR Female.. 107 89 95 118 124 130 140 13 "22" PER Top stitchers (including under trimmers and barber trimmers): M ale-—............................................................. 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 5 3 13 2 .. EARNINGS Lining makers (including lining closers and side and top facing stitchers): Female.............................................................. 14 8 12 18 5 21 8 CLASSIFIED Female . 21 $0,453 .528 29 24 .585 .374 42 .636 9 .537 58 .440 26 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 0) fcO Cn T able 3 .— Average and classified earnings per hour in H specified occupations, 19IS to 1932, by department, sex, and year Continued FITTIN G OR STITCHING D E PARTM EN T—Continued 55 52 49 63 54 64 67 554 534 624 573 400 357 304 294 270 347 .320 .312 .333 .442 .700 .628 .707 .741 .727 .672 1,072 1,116 1,383 1,477 1,313 1,142 1,053 1,170 1,022 1,164 1,097 .243 .254 .312 .506 .480 .519 .531 .505 .465 .355 11 10 5 9 10 19 14 17 20 15 14 5 12 17 13 2 21 20 16 6 (,)X 2 2 U 22 »5 19 14 18 17 18 14 18 21 0) 0) 0) 0) 1 0 0) 2 2 1 {,)2 8 9 6 3 ¥ " 3 18 20 15 8 22 22 24 19 6 1 0) 8 0) ..... Wi 0) 0) 5 2 3 2 2 (*) 0) 1 0) 32 21 11 20 19 24 20 12 1 1 3 4 3 2 0) 8 (<) 3 5 2 3 1 0) 0) S' INDUSTRY 79 85 121 132 111 98 99 123 119 125 131 $0,433 .462 .486 .451 .419 SHOE 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 65 1,195 1,184 1,469 1,399 1,648 1,449 AND Female. 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 100 97 121 124 132 137 HOURS— BOOT Vampers: Male.. 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 AND Top stitchers—Continued. Female____ __________ Year WAGES Occupation and sex Per cent of employees whose earnings per hour were— Num Num Aver age ber of ber of earn 90 $1.00 $1.20, $1.40 80, 60, 70, 40, 50, 25, 30, 16, estab wage Un 1 ings 2j under under under under under under under under under cents, under under and lish earners per der^ under under 90 80 60 70 50 30 40 25 20 16 ments $1.20 $1.40 over hour cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR LASTING DE PA RTM E N T T able 3.— Average and classified earnings per hour in H specified occupations, 1913 to 1982, by department, sex, and year -Continued to 00 B O TTO M IN G D E P A BTM E N T 85 129 138 112 100 102 127 131 140 146 1,081 1,015 808 754 813 1 1 .410 .437 .527 .818 .755 .773 .-776 .766 .727 0) 1 14 13 8 4 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 1 (0 (0 .400 .423 .545 .904 .764 .767 .785 .764 .722 .572 6 4 4 1 5 4 1 1 0) 0) 0) (*) 0) 12 9 2 0) 1 0) 1 3 38 35 28 14 0) 2 2 1 3 2 8 23 27 33 24 3 5 9 5 5 7 27 219 220 227 29 9 16 12 11 10 15 20 13 16 20 17 20 20 24 18 8u 22 19 18 21 21 20 15 18 16 15 18 20 14 6 15 10 13 12 9 10 3 14 8 12 9 11 6 1 (0 37 32 16 1 2 1 1 2 3 15 28 30 21 3 5 7 5 7 10 21 217 224 24 6 15 16 12 13 16 20 22 11 15 18 18 18 17 16 3 14 14 19 15 18 18 19 10 16 16 15 17 16 16 10 15 12 9 12 12 9 3 22 10 10 12 10 7 2 9 2 5 3 3 2 0) 34 38 38 17 1 2 2 2 33 35 28 26 3 7 10 6 219 215 221 26 6 12 12 12 16 12 22 22 19 a 11 16 15 17 21 15 15 12 17 19 10 9 11 20 14 10 8 5 1 4 3 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 V) 0) 4 3 1 1 1 0) INDUSTRY 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 100 95 642 594 656 680 599 543 505 517 461 576 486 IIN G D E PABTM EN T Edge setters: Male___ 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 77 86 131 138 112 99 102 129 872 966 924 845 779 681 765 $0.411 .410 .414 .525 .873 .757 .756 .766 0) 0) 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 o 11 10 9 3 0) 0 1 SHOE 70 74 97 105 86 77 79 AND 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 HOURS— BOOT Edge trimmers: Male........... . AND Goodyear stitchers: M ale.................. Year Per cent of employees whose earnings per hour were— Aver age earn 30, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 $1.00, $1.20, $1.40 16, 25, Un 12, ings under under under under under under under under under cents, under under and per d er^ under under 25 30 70 40 60 80 90 16 50 20 hour cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 $1.20 $1.40 over WAGES Occupation and sex Num Num ber of estab ber of lish ments 4 1 1 1 153800* Treers, hand and machine: Male________________ Female.. Repairs (not cobblers, including tip fixers and scourers): M ale................................................................ Female.. 1928 1930 1932 133 140 145 738 794 744 .755 .706 .551 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 73 80 124 125 98 90 93 114 118 125 132 1,110 1,204 1,652 1,387 1,106 970 948 1,088 1,072 1,210 1,056 .282 .279 .291 .403 .677 .577 .624 .611 .624 .563 .433 1913 1914 1916 1918 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 13 18 15 31 37 35 30 43 36 42 41 110 107 144 211 296 228 184 302 239 280 249 .158 .175 .188 .232 .403 .396 .431 .419 .386 .380 .305 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 57 49 48 53 48 50 40 169 126 102 128 134 142 65 1920 1922 1924 1926 1928 1930 1932 87 79 77 110 120 123 131 711 668 624 925 832 863 590 0) 3 1 4 15 9 10 21 15 18 21 18 22 18 19 17 11 15 13 6 11 6 3 9 7 1 2 2 22 18 20 4 0) 1 0) 1 1 2 4 25 25 29 11 1 2 1 1 1 4 9 32 32 32 33 4 11 9 7 7 10 25 5 5 6 29 12 19 15 19 17 23 27 21 22 22 16 17 24 21 21 21 21 17 3 19 18 22 23 23 19 10 31 19 11 15 16 14 12 2 14 6 7 9 8 6 2 7 4 5 3 3 2 5 1 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 8 21 33 30 6 4 5 3 5 5 16 4 7 11 19 11 12 3 7 11 17 23 2 1 1 11 35 34 28 35 43 39 39 4 26 37 42 35 24 28 12 0) 13 8 15 16 11 7 0) 4 3 4 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 .505 .462 .511 .594 .569 .606 .524 1 3 3 1 2 5 4 6 7 1 4 3 3 22 23 18 8 10 5 18 19 25 20 20 19 22 18 36 32 21 27 24 24 20 8 8 20 26 20 17 14 5 2 6 9 12 11 12 5 1 6 3 5 5 6 .392 .377 .403 .388 .377 .383 .333 6 7 9 9 8 10 11 14 16 15 11 15 14 21 31 31 32 34 32 32 37 29 36 25 19 17 21 17 16 8 17 19 17 15 6 4 1 2 2 3 2 1 0) 10 13 7 2 "(i)" 0) (0 (*) '(7 )" 48 24 27 9 0) 25 33 19 25 1 0) 1 2 1 0)2 0) “ I 6 W4 0) 2 0) 0) 0) 2 0) 0) (0 1 0) 1 0) 2 1 2 1 0) 0) 1 0) (i) (0 0) 1 1 1 2 2 7 2 0) 0 1 1 4 2 5 1 • 1 0) (1) (1) (0 i Less than 1 per cent. * Classified in this year as “ 50 cents and over.” * Grouped in this year as “ 70 cents and over. ” to co 30 WAGES AND HOXJRS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Regular or Customary Full-Time Hours Per Week and Per Day The full-time hours per week and per daj of an employee are the hours established by a regular time of beginning and quitting work each day less the regular time off duty for meals. Such hours do not include any overtime, nor are they reduced by the exclusion of any regular time lost by slack work, sickness or other disability, or any other cause. Table 4 shows average full-time hours per week and a percentage distribution by full-time hours per week of the wage earners covered in each of 14 representative occupations in the industry in each of the specified years from 1910 to 1932 for which data are available. For a similar distribution by number of wage earners covered in each of these occupations in each State in 1932 see Table C, page 88. Full-time hours per week of cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male, averaged 56.3 in 1910, when the hours of 64 per cent of the 1,650 in this occupation were over 54 per week and of only 1 per cent were under 51 per week. In 1920 the average was 47.8 and the hours of only 1 per cent of the 2,050 covered in that year were over 54; of 93 per cent were under 51; of 56 per cent were 48; and of 15 per cent were 44 per week. The average increased each year from 1920 to 48.9 per week in 1926, decreased to 48.6 in 1928, increased to 48.7 in 1930, and to 48.9 in 1932, when the hours of 2 per cent were over 54 per week; of 91 per cent were under 51; of 55 per cent were 48; and of 5 per cent were 44 per week. The variations of the averages and of the percentage distribution of wage earners in this occupation are fairly representative of those in other occupations in the table and in the industry. T able 4 . — Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1910 to 1932, by department, sex, and year i Less than 1 per cent. * Including 1 per cent under 44. . 31 REGULAR OR CUSTOMARY FULL-TIME HOURS T a b l e 4 .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1910 to 1932, by department, sex, and year— Continued CU TTIN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and year Skivers, upper: Male.......... Female.. Num ber of estab lish ments .19101911-. 191219131914.. 1916.. 19181920.. 1922.. 1924.. 192619281930.. 1932.. 29 31 29 37 34 36 36 .1910.. 1911191219131914191619181920192219241926192819301932- 49 60 67 67 77 113 21 105 94 89 113 110 121 129 Per cent of wage earners whose full-time hours per Aver week were— Num age ber of full Over Over Over Over wage time 44, 48, 54, 45, earn hours 44 un 45 un 48 un 54 un per ers der der der der week 45 48 51 57 74 136 156 134 116 124 96 87 77 100 104 338 374 371 439 446 591 697 611 539 474 552 541 664 672 54.7 54.8 54.7 54.5 54.4 54.6 50.9 48.1 47.6 48.0 48.4 48.1 48.3 48.4 11 57.0 57.0 55.0 54.6 54.1 54.0 51.7 48.7 48.6 49.0 48.9 49.1 48.8 48.9 30 25 3 0) 0) (0 FITTING AND STITCHING DEPARTMENT Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (in cluding reinforcers, pasters, and fitters) : Male....................... 19201G22. 1924. 192819281930.. 1932.. Female___________1920. 19221924. 1926. 1928. 1930— 1932.. Lining makers (including lin ing closers, and side and top facing stitchers): Female_____ _____ 1910-. 19111912191319141916191819201922- 14 8 12 18 5 21 8 47.5 48.2 47.8 50.8 46.2 47.7 46.0 1,133 913 1,031 1,426 1,318 1,636 1,638 48.6 27 48.5 5 4 49.1 49.3 3 49.3 2 48.9 3 48.9 4 53 685 72 721 80 764 80 854 84 852 126 1,004 132 1,138 112 1,149 97 1,055 56.5 56.5 55.0 54.6 54.1 53.9 51.5 48.6 *6 48.8 2 107 89 95 118 124 130 140 1 Less than 1 per cent. * Including 1 per cent under 44. 1 Including less than 1 per cent under 44* 14 14 25 5 44 31 65 4 2 1 1 0) 1 4 3 1 (0 1 3 4 6 4 14 48 59 46 24 56 34 15 24 28 17 8 26 " 2" 38 2 29 2 15 2 4 2 1 56 0) 61 1 50 52 52 2 51 2 43 25 23 30 31 30 32 39 1 1 4 2 6 3 3 5 5 9 12 9 6 4 1 0) 0) 15 11 5 6 16 12 10 1 2 13 19 51 55 51 56 28 7 8 25 24 26 26 13 25 23 13 6 21 17 6 3 1 1 0) 0) 1 3 58 59 3 3 6 9 56 21 24 2 0) 1 1 -- h 23 17 4 32 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T a b l e 4 . — Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1910 to 1932, by department, sex, and year— Continued F ITTIN G AND STITCHIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and year Lining makers—Continued. Female....................192419261928-. 1930.. 1932Top stitchers (including un der trimmers and barber trimmers): Male....................... 1920192219241926192819301932- Female.. Vampers: Male- Female- Num ber of estab lish ments Per cent of wage earners whose full-time hours per Averweek were— Num age ber of full wage time Over Over Over Over earn- hours 44, 48, 54, 45, 44 un 45 un 48 un 54 un per 60 week der der der der 48 51 57 45 100 124 129 137 143 1,012 1,170 1,046 1,075 1.004 16 19 21 27 30 32 34 57 64 78 90 132 113 115 .19101911_. 1912191319141916.. 191819201922.. 192419261928.. 1930.. 1932- 53 73 82 82 86 128 135 112 100 97 121 124 132 137 721 911 1,033 1,070 1,076 1,427 1,364 1,187 1,195 1,184 1,469 1,399 1,648 1,449 _1910_. 1911.. 1912_ 1913. 1914. 1916. 191819201922. 1924. 1926. 19281930. 33 51 66 66 65 82 83 55 52 49 63 54 64 67 263 343 483 554 534 624 573 400 357 304 294 270 347 283 .1910. 1911. 1912. 19131914. 1916. 1918192019221924. 1926. 1928. 1930. 1932- 53 71 1,124 79 1,088 79 1,072 85 1,116 121 1,383 132 1,477 111 1,313 98 1,142 99 *1,053 123 1,170 119 1,022 125 1,164 131 1,097 3 49.3 49.3 34 3 49.2 4 48.8 2 48.9 48.0 48.1 47.9 47.1 47.9 47.2 47.2 0) 2 6 13 30 15 32 29 56.3 56.9 54.9 54.6 54.2 54.0 51.6 48.5 37 48.8 32 2 49.3 49.3 32 49.4 2 49.1 1 49.0 1 55.5 55.5 55.0 54.8 54.6 54.6 51.5 47.9 47.8 48.2 48.2 48.2 48.2 48.2 1 1 1 4 1 5 5 7 11 7 6 6 56.9 56.5 55.1 54.7 54.1 53.9 51.7 48.8 26 49.0 32 49.4 1 49.1 32 49.3 2 1 49.1 1 49.0 21 29 34 29 32 96 70 74 59 63 35 56 2 8 10 11 21 26 11 8 5 0) 7 5 3 1 1 4 4 1 7 8 5 1 1 4 3 1 1 4 6 5 1 1 1 Less than 1 per cent. 2 Including 1 per cent under 44. 3 Including less than 1 per cent under 44. 0) 59 1 49 49 2 53 1 55 5 56 57 (l) 54 1 51 48 3 48 2 50 3 2 5 6 49 18 23 24 33 35 37 35 2 82 70 79 69 79 76 74 3 2 1 3 62 4 9 9 12 7 14 14 4 51 56 50 t1) 52 46 2 44 1 40 2 2 1 1 7 8 49 25 29 30 37 40 41 44 1 1 1 1 1 1 0) 21 23 9 22 21 18 3 1 (i) 27 29 22 13 6 4 1 C) 28 20 3 ___ ___ ___ ___ (') 1 ___ (1) (l) — (*) 24 22 27 18 14 23 30 13 35 9 34 9 4 4 11 8 4 1 1 1 1 27 23 4 33 REGULAR OR CUSTOMARY FULL-TIME HOURS T a b l e 4 . — Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1910 to 1982, by department, sex, and year— Continued LASTING DEPARTM EN T Occupation, sex, and year Number of estab lish ments Assemblers for pulling-over machine: Male......................1911.. 1912.. 1913.. 1914.. 1916.. 1918.. 1920.. 1922.. 1924.. 1926.. 1928.. 1930.. 1932.. Female....................1920— 19221924.. 19261928.. 1930.. 1932.. Bed-machine operators: Male............... ........19101911.. 1912.. 19131914.. 191619181920.. 1922.. 1924.. 1926.. 1928.. 19301932.. Turn lasters, hand (including first and second lasters): Male....................... 1912.. 19131914.. 1916— 191819201922192419261928.. 19301932- Per cent of wage earners whose full-time hours per Aver week were— Num age ber of full Over Over Over wage time Over earn hours 44, 48, 54, 45, ers per 44 un 45 un 48 un un der der der der week 45 48 51 57 17 50 54 64 97 102 88 70 81 113 116 125 138 218 542 597 708 801 726 691 593 421 541 537 624 574 55.4 55.8 55.4 55.3 55.0 52.6 48.6 49.0 49.3 49.1 49.0 49.0 49.1 23 15 8 9 10 9 16 77 58 33 36 26 32 43 48.5 39.0 50.0 49.6 49.9 49.4 48.9 35 54 65 65 70 93 104 93 86 92 121 117 130 132 513 793 1,127 1,220 1,173 1,336 1,303 1,252 1,167 1,082 1,279 1,207 1,478 1,355 28 28 31 42 35 33 30 31 35 31 24 18 452 524 689 974 752 666 571 496' 736 706 789 541 3 16 5 3 4 <*> (l) (l) 56.4 56.1 55.6 55.2 55.1 55.0 52.1 48.7 25 48.9 49.1 49.1 49.2 49.1 49.1 33 33 40 41 30 31 15 10 12 11 (!) 19 15 11 C1) <l) 20 5 5 1 55.6 55.0 54.4 54.9 53.8 47.1 48.5 48.2 47.7 47.9 46.5 46.4 BOTTOMING DEPARTMENT Goodyear stitchers: 191019111912191319141916191819201922- * Less than 1 per cent. 2Including 1 per cent under 44. 4Including 2 per cent under 44. 45 61 70 70 74 97 105 86 77 366 529 627 642 594 656 680 599 543 56.3 55.9 55.9 55.2 55.1 54.8 52.4 48.6 24 48.6 3 1 2 3 3 0) 68 67 2 49 15 15 6 5 6 9 12 15 14 24 35 37 42 32 35 15 9 9 26 24 19 25 21 14 20 20 17 2 29 19 2 39 14 3 33 12 13 9 0) 1 34 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T able 4 .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1910 to 1982, by department, sex, and year— Continued B O T TO M IN G DEPAETM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and year Goodyear stitchers—Contd. Male.......................1924.. 1926.. 1928.. 1930.. 1932.. Edge trimmers: .1910. Male............ 1911. 1912. 1913. 1914. 1916. 1918. 1920. 1922. 1924. 1926. 1928. 1930. 1932. Num ber of estab lish ments 100 55 71 81 81 85 129 138 112 100 102 127 131 140 146 AverNum age ber of full wage time earn- hours per week 505 517 461 576 486 48.8 48.9 48.9 49.1 49.0 573 765 827 838 886 1,081 1,015 828 789 686 808 754 895 813 56.4 56.5 55.9 55.4 55.1 54.9 52.5 48.7 48.9 49.1 49.2 49.1 49.1 49.1 Per cent of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Over Over Over 44, 45, 48, un 45 un 48 un der der der 48 45 51 54 Over 54, un der 57 0) 0) 1 I 10 7 21 15 12 4 2 3 <9 0) FINISHING DEPAETM ENT Edge setters: Female.. 191019111912.. 19131914.. 1916.. 1918.. 1920.. 192219241926192819301932line: 19101911191219131914191619181920192219241926192819301932- 54 68 78 77 86 131 138 112 99 102 129 133 140 145 560 722 789 826 872 966 924 845 779 681 765 738 794 744 56.3 56.3 55.8 55.3 55.2 54.9 52.7 48.7 8 5 2 48.9 3 49.1 49.1 >4 3 49.1 3 49.0 3 49.0 44 63 73 73 80 124 125 98 90 93 114 118 125 132 832 1,006 1,143 1,110 1,204 1,652 1,387 1,106 970 948 1,088 1,072 1,210 1,056 55.9 56.0 55.8 55.3 55.3 54.9 52.3 48.3 *6 48.6 3 48.8 3 49.2 * 4 4 49.2 4 49.1 4 49.3 1910191119121913191419161918192019221924- 8 11 13 13 18 15 81 37 35 31 74 85 108 110 107 144 211 296 228 184 * Less than 1 per cent. 1Including less than 1 per cent under 44. 57.8 58.1 54.4 54.6 52.1 53.1 53.3 49.7 49.3 48.8 9 1 1 1 2 3 6 5 2 1 1 3 4 7 7 1 1 1 0) (9 <9 1 1 2 <9 58 55 57 1 50 ..... 51 49 1 46 3 7 53 59 61 1 49 52 2 52 1 44 2 11 5 36 54 69 3 5 40 21 22 25 35 33 34 35 13 17 8 26 7 35 8 36 13 21 13 27 15 17 (9 8 1 9 2 10 1 7 4 6 6 2 3 6 25 24 24 33 43 39 18 2 2 1 1 2 42 16 18 21 36 31 32 40 21 17 10 26 10 34 11 37 14 27 18 36 18 11 3 4 1 9 2 10 2 8 4 7 7 3 7 2 27 31 23 29 38 29 15 41 14 31 27 31 24 30 27 10 62 18 55 9 40 41 37 8 36 1 14 2 10 3 1 26 25 22 19 17 13 8 (9 18 11 13 a 3 a (9 2 2 2 — 0) <9 18 18 19 20 18 10 5 1 1 1 1 2 2 ! 0) 0) 0) 12 43 29 16 26 8 14 4 1 2 11 4 —... u 14 4 2' 44 35 REGULAR OR CUSTOMARY FULL-TIME HOURS T able 4 . — Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1910 to 1982, by department, sex, and year— Continued' FINISHING DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and year Treers, hand and machine— Continued. Female................... 1926.. 1928.. 19301932Repairers (not cobblers, in cluding tip fixers and scour ers): Male....................... 1920.. 192219241926192819301932.1920.. 1922.. 1924.. 1926.. 1928.. 1930-. 1932.. Female.. Num ber of estab lish ments Pot cent of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— AverNum ber of Over Over Over Over 57, wage time 44, 45, earn hours 54, un 48, per 44 un 45 un 48 un 54 un der ers 60 der der der week der 48 57 45 51 302 239 280 249 49.0 49.3 48.6 48.7 57 49 48 53 48 50 40 169 126 102 128 134 142 65 48.1 48.3 48.9 48.2 48.5 48.2 48.2 87 79 77 110 120 123 131 711 668 624 925 832 47.7 48.2 48.8 49.0 49.4 49.2 48.8 43 (0 40 20 (9 (») (9 i Less than 1 per cent. Table 5 shows by States the regular full-time hours per week and per day of the wage earners in each of the 164 establishments covered m the 1932 study. Full-time hours per week ranged by establishments from a low of 43% for one to a high of 60 hours for another establishment. The hours per week of the wage earners in 15 establishments, or 9.1 per cent of the 164 covered in the study, were less than 48 per week; in 66 establishments, or 40 per cent, were 48 per week; in 9 establish ments, or 5.5 per cent, were over 48 and under 50 hours per week; in 32, or 19.5 per cent, were 50 per week; and in 19, or 13.4 per cent, were over 50 but not more than 60 hours per week. The hours of females in 28 establishments were less than those for males. Hours per day, Monday to Friday, ranged by establishments from 8 to 10%, and on Saturday in the 157 establishments in which the schedule called for work on that day ranged from 3 to 8%. The 5-day week with no work on Saturday was in operation in 7 establishments. In 20 establishments all or part of the workers had a day of more than 9 hours. In every establishment that provided for work on Saturday the hours on that day were less than on other days. 36 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T a b l e 5 *— Number of establishments in each State in which full-time hours per week and per day of the wage earners were as specified, 1932 Full-time hours per day Full-time hours per week 43?4 hours.. 44 hours__ 45 hours__ 47 hours__ 47H hours.. 48 hours.. 48K hours.. 49H hours.. 49H hours.. 48 hours___ 46^ hours.. 50 hours___ 50 hours___ 49H hours.. 50 hours___ 48 hours— 50 hours___ 48 hours___ 50 hours___ 48 hours___ 50 hours___ 44 hours___ 50H hours.. 51 hours___ 52H hours.. 53 hours__ 54 hours__ 54 hours__ 50 hours.... 55 hours__ 55 hours__ 54 hours__ 55 hours__ 50 hours__ 55 hours__ 54 hours__ 60 hours.... Total. Mon day to Satur Friday day Number of establishments in— 'd.S V>> 0 0 4H 0 2! 5 4 m m m 8^o 83%0 8**6o 8% 9 38H 9 49 *9 49 88^3 1 7 5 1 1 4H 41 11 6 4H 3 4H 4H 3 2 6 *4H 34 5 <5 32 3 *5 12 m 5 5H 1 1 41M2 4H 842/3 *5 84K *5 88 9 m m 9 83 *5 54 5H 5 5 8 5H *5H 10 4 10 « 10 <10 89 * 10 ‘ 9H 85 5 <5 *4 45 55 45 84H 10H 59 164 1 All except females in the finishing and stitching departments. 3 Females in finishing department. * Females in stitching department. 4Males. •Females. Changes in Full-Time Hours Since February 1, 1930 Between February 1, 1930, and the period of the study in 1932, only 5 of the 164 establishments included in the report made changes in full-time hours per week. Each of the 5 changed from a 6-day to a 5-day week, 1 from a 48 to a 43%-hour week, 3 from a 50 to a 45-hour week, and 1 from a 52% to a 51-hour week and later to a 45-hour week. Three of the changes occurred in July, 1930; 1 in March, 1931; 1 in November, 1931; and 1 in January, 1932. 37 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Changes in Wage Rates Since February 1, 1930 Of the 164 establishments included in this report, 135 reduced wage rates one or more times and 3 of the 135 increased rates between February 1, 1930, and the period of the 1932 study. Table 6 shows the number of establishments in which rates were changed, the wage earners affected, the per cent of decrease and increase, and the year in which the change was made. The decreases affected all wage earners in 122 establishments and a specified part of the wage earners in 13 establishments. The decreases ranged by establishments from a single decrease to all of 5 per cent in two establishments to three decreases of 15, 15, and 10 per cent in another establishment. One decrease of 10 per cent was made to all in each of 63 establishments. Eates of all wage earners in 1 estab lishment were reduced 5 and 5 per cent; in 1 were reduced 7.5 and 7.5 per cent; in 2 were reduced 10 and 5 per cent; in 1 were reduced 10 and 7.5 per cent; in 18 were reduced 10 and 10 per cent; in 1 were reduced 10, increased 10, and reduced 10 per cent; and in each of 5 es tablishments were reduced 10 and 15 per cent, 6, 8, and 5 per cent, 15, 15, and 10 per cent, 12 and 12 per cent, and 12.5 and 10 per cent, respectively. Beginning in February, 1930, 30 decreases were made in that year, 121 in 1931, and 32 in the first 2 months of 1932. T able Num ber of estab lishments 6.— Changes in wage rates between February 1, 1980, and the 'period of the 1982 study Wage earners affected 2 1 2 3 1 2 63 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 18 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 AIL.............................................. ............... ____do________________________________ ____do_________________________________ ____do_________________________________ ....... do_........................ ............ ................... ___ do_______________ ________________ ____do________________________________ ....... do................ ........................................ . ____do_________________ ____________ __ ....... do_______ _____ _______ ____________ ____do......................... ........................... .... ___ do_________________________________ ____do________________________________ ____do___________ _____ ________________ ____do________________ __________ _____ ____do__________ _______________ _____ ____do_________________________________ ____do........................ ......... ........................ ____do_________________________________ ....... do........................................................... ....... do............. ............................................. ____do_____ ______ ____________________ ____do____________________ ____ ________ ___do............................................................. [10 per cent____________________________ 1 <65 per cent____________________________ 125 per cent...........- ______ __ ____ ________ 1 All except time workers at less than 15 cents per hour. Per cent of decrease Number of establish ments in w h i c h changes occurred i n 1930 1931 1932 Total 5__...................................... 6......................................... 6Yl ................................... . 7......................................... 7Yz....... .............................. 8....... ................................ . 10........................................ 19 12........................................ 15..................................... . 1 10 to 15......................... 1 20....... ................ ............... 1 5 and 5_________________ 1 7Yv, and IY2......................... 10 and 5_______ ____ ____ 1 10 and 7H........................... 10 and 10............................ 310 10 *........................ ............ 10 and indefinite per cent 10 * and 10.......................... 10 and 15._......................... 6, 8, and 5______________ 1 15,15, and 10...................... 1 12 and 12............................ 12H and 1 0 ........................ 7.......................................... 1 10.............................. ......... 15........................................ 1 1 10 and 10............................ 2 1 2 2 1 2 146 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 263 1 4 1 2 1 1 2 1 18 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 315 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 9 2 1 38 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Includes 2 in which rates of one part of wage earners were reduced in 1930 and the other part were reduced in 1931. 2Includes 1 in which year of change was not reported. 8Rates of 7 were reduced in 1930 and 1931; of 3 in 1930 and 1932; of 3 in 1931 only; and of 5 were reduced in 1931 and 1932. 4This was followed by an increase of 10 per cent, both in 1931. * An increase of 10 per cent was made in 1931 after the decrease in that year and before the decrease in 1932. 38 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T a b l e 6 .— Changes in wage rates between February 1, 1930, and the period of the 1982 study— Continued Num ber of estab- Wage earners affected Per cent of decrease ments Number of establish ments in w h i c h changes occurred i n 1930 f All Axrapt vnmpftrs and cutters _____ 1 \A11 except sorters and cutters____ _______ 1 All except vampers and cutters _ 1 All except “ Puritan ” riApartment, , , ___ /A ll.......................... .................................... 1 \A11 except cutters_____________ ____ ____ workers__________________________ 1 /Time 1Piece workers________ _________________ r 68 per 1 \32 per cent____________________________ cent____________________________ workers__________________________ 1 /Time \Piece workers__________________________ 1 Time workers__________________________ /Piece workers__________________________ 1 \Tim a workers__________________________ 1 Piece workers__________________________ 1 Piece workers except vampers___________ 1 Piece workers__________________________ 1 Lasting, cutting, stitching, and packing departments. workers except vampers___________ 1 /Piece IOutsides cutters________________________ / Piece 1 \51 perworkers__________________________ cent of time workers______________ except cutters and sorters at time rates. 1 /All 1Cutters and sorters at time rates________ workers except vampers___________ 1 /Piece \Vampers______________________________ 1 75 per cent____________________________ /Piece workers__________________________ 1 \Time workers__________________________ workers__________________________ 1 /Piece \Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand_____ 6.......................................... 9......................................... 6.......................................... 10....................................... 12^..................................... 15........................................ 8.......................................... 8 and 4________________ 10 and 10............................ 10 and 5________________ 10........................................ 5.......................................... 10....................................... (•)....................................... 15........................................ 15 and 10............................ 6.......................................... 10 to 15............................... 5.......................................... 6.......................................... 9Mo—.................................. 15........................................ 11........................................ 6.......................................... 6 and 10________________ 6 and 6_________________ 6 t and 6________ . _______ 7 to 10................................. 5.......................................... 9Mo.... .............................. 6.......................................... QMo..................................... 1931 1932 Total 1 1 1 1 } j 1 } ‘ } » } i } j } | 1 } 1 } 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 (8) 1 1 / 1 } 1 , 1 } } 5 » (8) 1 1 1 i • Indefinite. • Followed by increases of 3 per cent in 1931 and in 1932. •Various decreases to different wage earners. Overtime and Sunday and Holiday Work, 1932 Overtime is any time worked before the regular starting time or after the regular quitting time on any day, regardless of the rate of pay for such work. Work on Sunday and holidays is overtime or extra work only when the working schedule of an employee does not provide for work regularly on those days. Work on Saturday by an employee in an establishment in which the 5-day week, Monday to Friday, is in effect is overtime. The rate for overtime or extra work was higher than for regular working time in 7 of the 164 factories covered in the study in 1932 and the same as for regular working time in 157. The higher rate applied to all wage earners in 6 factories and to part of the wage earners in 1 factory, and was one and one-half times the regular rate. During the period covered by the 1932 study there was overtime work in only 2 of the 7 factories in which the rate was one and one-half times the regular rate, and in 113 factories in which the rate was the same as for regular working time. WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 39 Bonus Systems, 1932 A bonus to a wage earner is generally understood as compensation in addition to earnings at basic rates of pay. Bonus systems were in operation in 21 of the 164 factories covered in the 1932 study. The systems provided for the payment of the additional compensation to certain classes of wage earners for effi ciency, production, or attendance. Table 7 shows for each of the 21 factories the kind or basis of bonus, the specified class of wage earners who could under certain conditions earn the bonus, and the amount that could be earned. One factory provided for a bonus and a penalty, the penalty not to exceed the possible high bonus for the day. T able Num ber of establishments 7 . — Bonus systems of 21 factories in the boot and shoe industry, 1982 Kind of bonus Wage earners entitled Efficiency.. Cutters, hand or ma When the number of pairs 10 per cent of total earn chine, of leather (not cut from a certain quantity ings at basic rates of all sole) and linings. cutters, distributed as of leather exceeds the Usually 60 per cent follows: 40 per cent of standard set for such . of the cutters partici his earnings at basic quantity. pate. rates to cutter of high est efficiency; 35 per cent to second highest; 30 per cent to third highest; 25 per cent to fourth highest; 20 per cent to fifth highest; 15 per cent to sixth high est; 10 per cent to sev enth highest; and 1 per cent to other cutters in order of rank until bonus amount is ex hausted. Cutters, vamp and 10 per cent of individual .do.. whole shoe, machine. earnings at basic rates. Cutters, outsole and When the number of pairs 10 per cent of earnings at cut from a certain quantity insole, and cutters, basic rates to those cut of leather is at least 10 per vamp and whole ting 10 but less than cent in excess of the stand shoe, machine. 12H per cent more product than set stand ard set for such quantity. ard; 12H per cent to those cutting I2\i but less than 15 per cent; 15 per cent to those cutting 15 but less than VJM per cent; 17H per cent to those cutting 17H but less than 20 per cent; and 20 per cent to those cutting 20 per cent or more. Cutters, vamp and When an individual cuts 8 cents for each foot of leather above the aver more pairs of shoes from a whole shoe, hand. age for all hand cutters. certain quantity of leather than the average for all cutters, whether the aver age is more or less than the standard set for such quantity of leather. Cutters, vamp and ___ do.................................... 5 cents for each foot of leather above th$ aver whole shoe, ma age for all machine chine. cutters. Cutters, trimmings, When an individual cuts 1 cent for each foot of leather above the aver more pairs of trimmings hand or machine. from a certain quantity of age for the group. leather than the average for all cutters and the aver age is more than the stand ard for such quantity. .......do.......... ....... do_____ .......do............ Bonus earned Amount of bonus 40 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Table 7 .— Bonus systems of 21 factories in the boot and shoe industry, 1982— Con. Num ber of es tab lish* ments Kind of bonus Wage earners entitled Cutters, outsole-. Cutters, outsole and offal. Cutters, sole leather (offal). Efficiency.. Cutters, sole leather (flexibles). Cutters, sole leather (strip). Those in sole leather, lasting, bottoming, and finishing de partments. Cutters, leather, ex cept sole. Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand. .......do.......... Cutters, hand. trimmings, Bonus earned Amount of bonus When damaged cuts are not more than seven-tenths of 1 per cent of total number of cuts made in one week. When the number of pairs cut from a certain quanti ty of leather exceeds the standard set for such quantity. When the damaged cuts are not more than one-half of 1 per cent of the total number of cuts made in one week. When the damaged cuts are not more than two-tenths of 1 per cent of the total number of cuts made in one week. When the number of pairs cut from a certain quanti ty of leather exceeds the standard set for such quan* tity. ___ do.................................... $2.25 per week for No. 1 soles. $1.75 for No. 2, and $1.50 for No. 3.1 $2 per week for No. 1 soles. $1.50 for No. 2, and $1.25 for No. 3.* 2 per week for No. 1 soles, $1.50 for No. 2, and $1.25 for No. 3.1 21 cents per 100 pairs for those cut over stand ard.1 13 cents per 100 pairs for those cut over stand ard.1 When efficiency is 75 per 1 per cent of earnings at hourly rates for effi cent or more of the stand ciency of 75 per cent of ard established by a time study. standard; also 0.6 per cent for each per cent over 75 to and includ ing 90 per cent; 1 per cent for each per cent over 90 to and includ ing 100 per cent; and 0.2 per cent for each per cent over 100 to and in cluding 200 per cent. When all cutters, except 7 per cent of total earn ings at basic rates of all sole, as a group save cutters, except sole, leather by cutting an aver age of more than the stand distributed as follows: ard set for a certain quan 20 per cent of their tity of leather. earnings at basic rates to cutters of highest effi ciency and remainder of bonus among others according to percent age of efficiency of each as compared with per centage for group. When the efficiency of an 20 per cent of earnings at individual cutter in saving basic rates to cutter of leather is above that of highest efficiency; 19 one-third of the entire per cent to second high est and decreasing by group of hand cutters. 1 per cent to each one in order of rank of effi ciency to 1 per cent of earnings to number 20, where bonus payments end. When the efficiency of an 20 per cent of earnings at basic rates to trimming individual cutter in saving leather is above that of cutter of highest effi one-third of the entire ciency; 17 per cent to group of hand cutters. the second highest; 13 per cent to the third; 10 per cent to the fourth; 7 per cent to the fifth; and 3 per cent to the sixth, where bonus payments end. 1 Combined bonuses not to exceed $5.25 per week to any 1worker. 33 cents per 100 pairs for those cut over stand ard.1 41 BONUS SYSTEMS Table 7.— Bonus systems of 21 factories in the boot and shoe industry, 1932— Con. Num ber of establishments Kind of bonus Wage earners entitled Bonus earned Amount of bonus Efficiency. All leather cutters, ex cept sole. When there is a saving of leather by cutting more pairs of shoes from a cer tain quantity of leather than the standard set for such quantity. ..— do................................... One-third of the value of the leather saved. .do.. ..d o .............. ____d o .. -----do_. -do.. Pullers-over, machine and side lasters, ma chine. When work for day does not require more than 3 cor rection trials on any shoe. Tack inspectors, not final. Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand. When final inspectors find no tacks in day’s work. When the number of pairs cut from a certain quan tity of leather is 10 per cent or more above the standard set for such quantity. Cutters, outsides, kid. When the efficiency of an individual cutter in sav ing material is above that of one-third of the entire group of cutters of the kind to which the bonus applies. Cutters, outsides, calf; and cutters, leather lining. -do. Cutters, side leather; and cutters, out sides, fabric. _do_ -do........... Cutters, hand. trimmings, Cutters, trimmings, machine. When there is a saving of leather by cutting more than the set standard of trimmings from a certain quantity of material. — do................................... 4 per cent of earnings in week for each one-half of 1 per cent of leather saved, not to exceed 40 per cent of such earn ings. Bonus: 40 cents per day. Penalty: 10 cents for each shoe not salvaged in 3 trials, not to exceed 40 cents per day. 25 cents per day. 10 per cent of earnings at basic rate to those effecting a saving by cutting 10 but less than 12^ per cent more than set standard; 12H per cent to those cut ting 12H but less than 15 per cent; 15 per cent to those cutting 15 per cent but less than 17H per cent; 17K per cent to those cutting 17H but less than 20 per cent; 20 per cent to those cutting 20 per cent or more than the set standard. 40 per cent of piecework earnings to cutter of highest efficiency and decreasing 1 per cent to each one in order of rank to 1 per cent of earnings to number 40, where bonus payments end. 30 per cent of earnings at basic rates to cutter of highest efficiency and decreasing 1 per cent to each one in order of rank to 1 per cent of earnings to number 30, where bonus payments end. 20 per cent of earnings at basic rates to cutter of highest efficiency and decreasing 1 per cent to each one in order of rank to 1 per cent of earnings to number 20, where bonus payments end. 13 cents for each foot of leather saved. 9 cents for each foot of leather saved. 42 W AGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T able 7.— Bonus systems of 21 factories in the boot and shoe industry, 1932— Con. Num ber of es tab lish’ ments Kind of bonus Wage earners entitled Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand and machine; and cutters, trimmings, machine. Bonus earned When the number of pairs of For savings of less than 4 per cent, 6 cents for shoes or trimmings cut from a certain quantity of each foot saved; of 4 but less than 4H per cent. material is more than the 7 cents for each foot standard set for such quan plus 5 per cent of piece tity. work earnings; of 4 ^ but less than 5 per cent, 7H cents per foot plus 0 per cent of earnings; of 5 but less than 5H Per cent, 8 cents per foot plus 7 per cent of earn ings; of &H but less than 6 per cent, 8H Pullers-over, machine, side lasters, ma chine, bed lasters and Goodyear welt ers. When the production of an individual at piece rates is sufficient to earn over $18 per week. ____ do............... 64 per cent of cutters, vamp and whole shoe, male. When individual cuts more than 11 pairs of shoes per hour. Production.. Attendance___ Time workers.. Amount of bonus When individual is on duty 25 hours or more in week. cent of earnings; o? 6 per cent and over, 9 cents per foot for each foot saved plus 9 per cent of piecework earn ings. 5 per cent of weekly earn ings of over $18 but not over $19; 6 per cent of over $19 but not over $20; 7 per cent of over $20 but not over $21; 8 per cent of over $21 but not over $22; 9 per cent of over $22 but not over $23; 10 per cent of over $23 but not over $24; 11 per cent of over $24 but not over $25; 12 per cent of over $25 but not over $28; 13 per cent of over $28 but not over $30; and, 14 per cent of earnings of over $30 per week. V/i cents for each pair of black and 4 cents for each pair of tan shoes in excess of 11 pairs per hour. M hour’s pay at basic rates. Index Numbers of Employment and Pay Rolls, 1923 to 1931 Index numbers of employment and of pay rolls in the boot and shoe industry are presented in Table 8 by months and years from January, 1923, to December, 1931. The indexes were computed from the number of persons employed and the amount of pay rolls for each month and year over this period with the average for 1926 as the base or 100 per cent, and are as published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in monthly reports on “ Trend of Employment.” During the period, 1923 to 1931, monthly employment was highest in February and March, 1923, with an index of 116.4, and lowest in November, 1931, with an index of 68.2, and pay rolls were highest in March, 1923, with an index of 129.2 and lowest in November, 1931, with an index of 41.4. By years, both employment and pay rolls were highest in 1923 when the indexes were 111.1 and 117.0, respectively, and lowest in 1931 with indexes of 79.9 and 60.6, respectively. 43 IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY T a b le 8 . — Index numbers of employment and of pay rolls, January, 1923, to December, 1931, by month and year [Average for 1926=100.0] Employment jMontn 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 January___________________ February_________________ March____________________ April_____________________ May______________________ June______________________ July______________________ August__ _____ ___________ September ................. October___________________ November________________ December_________________ 115.4 116.4 116.4 113.9 111.6 107.9 105.7 110.6 110.2 109.2 108.8 107.3 107.7 108.2 108.8 102.7 98.1 92.3 93.2 98.9 102.2 103.6 102.6 101.0 105.0 107.0 107.0 102.4 100.1 94.8 99.0 105.0 107.0 106.4 102.3 98.3 100.6 102.7 100.9 95.3 93.9 94.2 98.3 103.3 104.9 104.4 102.2 99.4 101.2 101.4 101.3 96.2 94.3 93.8 98.0 102.0 102.2 99.6 92.4 90.0 94.3 96.2 95.6 90.4 87.3 87.6 92.6 94.8 95.1 93.6 87.8 87.3 91.0 93.5 92.2 89.8 89.3 88.1 93.8 97.8 99.2 98.7 93.3 88.3 90.4 91.8 90.9 89.1 85.6 83.3 86.0 87.0 85.4 82.0 75.2 73.1 76.5 79.9 83.3 82.5 80.6 79.2 84.7 87.1 84.7 79.2 68.2 73.0 Average........................ 111.1 101.6 102.9 100.0 97.7 91.9 92.9 85.0 79.9 1928 1929 1930 1931 Pay-roll totals Month January___________________ February_________________ March____________________ April_____________________ May______________________ June______________________ July______________________ August___________________ September________________ October___________________ November________________ December_________________ Average_____________ 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 124.6 126.2 129.2 124.6 121.4 115.2 106.9 113.7 113.1 111.1 106.8 110.8 111.5 112.5 111.7 100.6 95.4 89.8 90.4 103.7 109.8 109.0 97.4 101.2 106.4 111.6 112.0 102.2 100.5 93.9 100.2 112.7 107.1 107.1 96.0 93.9 98.5 104.1 102.5 90.8 87.1 93.8 100.7 109.7 109.2 108.3 99.5 96.4 98.4 105.7 103.3 95.8 92.6 93.5 100.9 110.4 107.5 98.1 81.9 82.5 90.4 97.4 95.6 80.2 76.3 82.0 90.6 98.0 97.0 92.4 74.5 81.3 86.9 91.0 88.1 83.7 83.6 85.2 94.6 102.4 101.6 95.5 77.2 77.9 80.3 81.3 80.8 76.8 69.6 67.8 74.2 75.5 71.4 64.0 47.2 51.9 55.4 64.9 70.1 66.8 64.4 62.1 69.0 72.1 63.9 51.5 41.4 46.0 117.0 102.8 103.6 100.0 97.6 88.0 89.0 70.1 60.6 Importance of the Industry The importance of the boot and shoe industry in number of estab lishments, average number of wage earners, amount of wages, cost of materials, etc., value of products, and value added by manufac ture is shown in Table 9 for the United States as a whole in each of the specified years, 1899 to 1929, and in 1929 for each State except one for which 1932 figures are presented in this report. The table also shows the average per wage earner of yearly earnings, cost of materi als, etc., value of products, and value added by manufacture; the per cent that wages were of the value added by manufacture; and the average yearly production per wage earner of pairs of boots, shoes, and slippers. Yearly wages per wage earner for the United States as a whole ranged by years from $412.05 in 1899 to $1,116.90 in 1921, while in 1929 the range by States was from $730.46 to $1,332.24. The per cent wages were of the value added by manufacture for the United States ranged by years from 47.9 in 1919 to 64.7 in 1899, and in 1929 ranged by States from 33.9 to 67.1. The average number of boots, shoes, and slippers produced per wage earner in the United States ranged by years from 1,528 in 1914 to 1,807 in 1927 and 1929. In 1929 average production per wage earner ranged by States from 1,105 to 2,199 pairs. T a b l e 9 .— Number of establishments, wage earners, amount of wages, cost of materials, value of products, value added by manufacturev and number of pairs of shoes produced, to 1929 [From United States Census of Manufactures] State and year United States: 1899....................... 1904. ................... . 1909-..................... 1914-................. — 1919-.................... 19211................... . 1923 1..................... 1925 »..................... 1927 i..................... 1929 i................... . 19 29 Massachusetts______ New York__________ Missouri____________ Illinois_____________ New Hampshire------Ohio........ .................... W isconsin_________ Pennsylvania_______ Maine ____________ Kentucky__________ Maryland__________ Tennessee__________ New Jersey_________ Minnesota__________ Michigan _______ All other States_____ Num ber of estab lish ments Cost of materials, containers Average Amount for products, number paid to wage fuel, and of wage earners purchased earners electric energy 1,599 1,316 1,343 1,355 1,449 1,505 1,606 1,460 1,357 1,341 141,830 149,924 185,116 191,555 211,049 183,502 225,216 206,992 203,110 205,640 436 323 61 65 73 43 57 102 42 6 13 5 20 10 8 77 55,093 36,980 24,903 14,725 14,544 12,258 10,755 10,429 9,967 2,438 2,239 2,116 1,422 1,047 737 5,987 Value of products Average Number of Value added pairs of boots, yearly earnings by manufac shoes, and slippers per wage ture earner produced Cost of materials per wage earner Average produc Per Value tion of cent added Value of boots, products by manu wages shoes, and are of slippers facture per wage per wage value per wage earner added earner in earner year $58,440,883 $168,632,654 197,363,495 69,059,680 92,359,152 277,467,743 105,695,404 310,356,586 210,734,610 715,269,315 478,432,445 204,954,095 250,345,922 527,456,868 225, 787,981 . 481,631,964 225,090,242 494,553,016 222,407,732 515,055,246 $258,969,580 320,107,458 442,630,726 501,760,458 1,155,041,436 867,475,896 1,000,078,022 925,383,422 944,714,463 965,922,694 $90,336.926 122, 743,963 165,162,983 191,403,872 439,772,121 389,043,451 472,621,154 443,751,458 450,161,447 450,867,448 217,965,419 242,110,035 285,017,181 292,666,468 331,224,628 286,771,101 351,114,273 323,553,055 367,067,065 371,519,239 $412.05 $1,188. 98 $1, 825.92 460.63 1, 316. 42 2,135.13 2,391.10 1,498.89 498.93 551. 78 1,620. 20 2,619. 41 5,472.86 3,389.12 998. 51 4,727.34 2,607.23 1,116.90 4,440. 53 2,342.01 1,111.58 2, 326.82 4,470.63 1,090.81 4,651. 25 1,108. 22 2,434.90 1,081. 54 2, 504.65 4,697.15 $636.94 818.71 892.21 999.21 2,083. 75 2,120.10 2,098.53 2,143.81 2,216.34 2,192.51 64.7 56.3 55.9 55.2 47.9 52.7 53.0 50.9 50.0 49.3 1,537 1,615 1,540 1,528 1,569 1,563 1,559 1,563 1,807 1,807 124,024,880 93,731,929 81,563,936 39,345,627 38,794,550 26,961,230 30,340,634 21,279,790 20,793,345 4,488,136 4,580,545 6,299,957 3,510,394 2,819,897 2,858,126 13,662,270 241,587,864 189,775,703 133,918,578 73,775,876 66,722,194 51,013,079 55,384,784 41,574,942 38,931,948 7,956,878 8,488,619 10,982,577 6,878,127 5,318,923 4,002,943 29,609,659 117,562,984 96,043,774 52,354,642 34,430,249 27,927,644 24,051,849 25,044,150 20,295,152 18,138,603 3, 468, 742 3,908,074 4,682,620 3,367,733 2,499,026 1,144,817 15,947,389 86,810,991 81,308,122 49,617,679 28,229,791 26,166,206 2 13,542,873 18,430,450 18,176,286 16,354,535 (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) (3) 432,882,306 1,165. 40 1,332. 24 934.21 912.32 1,027.45 1,003. 44 1,057. 75 969.26 931.97 730.46 884.92 750.93 1,066.06 997.98 1,042.96 925.40 4,385.09 5,131.85 5,377.60 5,010.25 4.587.61 4.161.62 5,149.68 3,986.47 3,906.08 3, 263.69 3,791.25 5,190. 25 4,836.94 5,080.16 5,431.40 4,945.66 2 ,133.90 2,597.18 2,102.34 2,338.22 1,920. 22 1,962.13 2,328.61 1,946.03 1,819.87 1,422.78 1,745.46 2,212.96 2,368.31 2,386-84 1,553. 35 2,663.67 54.6 51.3 44.4 39.0 53.5 51.1 45.4 49.8 51.2 51.3 50.7 33.9 45.0 41.8 67.1 34.7 1,576 2,199 1,992 1,917 1,799 21,105 1,714 1,743 1,641 (3) (#) (3) (3) 64,205,152 49,266, 111 23,264,664 13,433,889 14,943,230 12,300,137 11,376,099 10,108,460 9,288,957 1,780,856 1,981,327 1,588,976 1,515,937 1,044,880 768,659 5,540,398 2,251.19 2,534.67 3,275.27 2,672.03 2,667.39 2,199. 48 2,821.07 2,040. 44 2,086. 22 1,840.91 2,045. 80 2,977. 30 2,468.63 2,693. 31 3,878.05 2, 281.99 (3) 42,057 i Data for establishments with products less than $5,000 in value not included. Figures for 1929 do not agree with those previously published in Bulletin 551 due to a revision ensus ngures ior mat year. 2 Exclusive of wood and metal fastened and stitch-downs, carried to “ All other States." 8 Included with “ All other States.” * Including wood and metal fastened and stitch-downs manufactured in the State of Ohio. WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 45 Scope and Method The basic data for this report were taken directly from the pay rolls and other records of representative factories by agents of the bureau and are almost entirely for wage earners in productive occupations. A comparatively small number of wage earners in certain necessary nonproductive occupations, such as pattern and die boys, lumpers, factory sweepers, floor workers, rack pushers, etc., and a number of unimportant productive occupations were included; the data for them were combined and shown as the group of “ Other employees.’’ Wage data were not included for company officials, the office force, buy ers, salesmen, superintendents, nonworking foremen, power-house employees, watchmen, guards, teamsters, or chauffeurs. The factories making each kind of shoes, by process of attaching soles, were as follows: Goodyear welt only, 54 factories; McKay only, 24; cement only, 11; Goodyear welt and McKay, 8; Goodyear welt and cement, l i ; Goodyear welt and turn, 7; Goodyear welt, #McKay, and cement, 3; Goodyear welt, cement, and Littleway, 1; Goodyear welt, McKay, and stitchdown, 2; Goodyear welt and Littleway, 2; Goodyear welt, turn, McKay, and cement, 1; Goodyear welt, McKay, and Puritan, 1; Goodyear welt, stitchdown, and Puri tan welt, 1; Goodyear welt and nail, 1; McKay and cement, 6; turn only, 7; turn and cement, 2; turn and Puritan welt, 1; Littleway only, 2; Littleway and cement, 1. In addition, 18 factories cut outsoles or insoles, counters, heels, strips, etc., or did only cutting and stitching for other factories to last, bottom, and finish. Data were not taken from any factory whose product was chiefly nailed, pegged, or stitch down shoes, or specialties such as slippers, leggings, felt or rubber footwear, or tennis or other athletic shoes. Of the 164 factories for which data are shown in this study, 20 made shoes for men only; 73 for women only; 10 for men and women; 14 for men and boys; 3 for men, boys, and youths; 2 for men, women, and boys; 2 for men, women, and children; 1 for men, women, boys, and children; 3 for women and misses; 2 for women and children; 5 for women, misses, and children; 1 for women, children, and infants; 1 for women, misses, children, and infants; 1 for boys and girls; 1 for misses and girls; 1 for misses and children; 4 for misses, girls, and children; 2 for misses, girls, children, and infants; and 17 cut outsoles, insoles, or other sole leather parts or built leather heels; and 1 cut and stitched uppers for another factory. A large number of factories do not cut soles or other sole-leather parts or make heels. The sole-leather parts and heels used in such factories are purchased from companies that specialize in such work. To get and show figures for occupations in sole-leather departments and make them representative of the industry as a whole, it was necessary to collect data from a representative number of the com panies that specialize in soles and other sole-leather parts. In making this study it was found that each of a few large companies had a central cutting department or a plant in which sole-leather parts were prepared for all of the factories of each company. The factories were often in different localities and for some companies in more than one State. A representative number of the factories and part of the cutting and sole-leather department of each company was included in the study. 153800°— 33------ 4 46 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A few large factories are represented in this report by only a part of their total number of wage earners in each occupation, as the inclusion of wage figures for all would have tended to give undue weight to and so possibly impair the representative character of the averages for States in which such large factories are located. Nearly all of the factories in the industry pay their wage earners weekly. For those factories with a pay period longer than one week the data were so taken as to make it possible to show figures for one week only for their wage earners. Data were taken from 91 factories for a pay period in January, 52 in February, 18 in March, and 3 in April, 1932. Therefore, the figures are especially representative of conditions in the first two months of the year. A large per cent of the wage earners in the industry are piece workers. In factories where the time of pieceworkers was not of permanent record, arrangements were made by agents of the bureau with officials of the companies to have kept for a pay period a day-byday record of all time on duty at the place of work by each wage earner who did any piecework during the period. No separation has been made in- the tabulations of data for piece-workers and timeworkers. Average earnings per hour in each occupation, as presented in this report, were computed by dividing the total actual earnings of the wage earners in the occupation in one week by the total hours on duty by them in the week. Average actual earnings in one week of wage earners in each occupa tion were computed by dividing the total amount earned in the week by all the wage earners in the occupation by the number of wage earners in the occupation. Average full-time hours per week of wage earners in each occupa tion were computed by dividing the total full-time hours per week of all wage earners in the occupation by the total number of wage earners in the occupation. Average full-time earnings per week of the wage earners in each occupation were computed by multiplying the average earnings per hour of wage earners in the occupation by the average full-time hours per week of such wage earners. This assumes that the earnings for a full-time week would have been at the same average rate per hour as was earned in the time actually on duty during the week studied. Full-time hours and full-time earnings, as presented in the tables of this report, do not in any way indicate the amount of employment or of unemployment or of earnings actually made per week in any of the years for which data are shown. In computing average full-time hours per week each employee was credited with his full-time hours even though he may actually have worked more or less than full time during the week covered by this study. Some wage earners did work more than full time during the pay period covered due to over time (see p. 38), while a majority worked less than full time because full-time work was not available to wage earners in many factories. In selecting establishments from which to obtain data, the bureau endeavored to represent all States in which the manufacture of boots and shoes is of material importance in number of wage earners as reported by the United States Bureau of the Census. 47 OCCUPATIONS IN THE INDUSTRY Table 10 shows by States the number of wage earners in the industry according to the census of 1929 and the number of factories and of wage earners included in the 1932 study. The number of wage earners in the factories in the 16 States covered by this study, based on the census report, is approximately 97 per cent of the wage earners in the industry in the United States, and the number of wage earners included in this study is approximately 25 per cent of the wage earners in the 16 States. 10.— Number of wage earners in the industry in the United States according to 1929 Census of Manufactures, and number of factories and wage earners for which data are shown for 1982, by State T able State Factories and wage earn ers for which data are Number of shown by the Bureau wage earners of Labor Statistics for reported by 1932 United States Census Bu reau, 19291 Number of Number of factories wage earners Massachusetts________________________ New York___________________________ Missouri_____________________________ Illinois.....................................................New Hampshire______________________ Ohio..................................................^____ Wisconsin____________________________ Pennsylvania_________________________ Maine. ______________________ _____ Kentucky........... ........... ......................... Maryland and Virginia________________ Tennessee____________________________ New Jersey___________________________ .. „ Minnesota........ Michigan____________________________ All other States_______________________ 55,093 36,980 24,903 14,725 14,544 12,258 10,755 10,429 9,967 2,438 *2,239 2,116 1,422 1,047 737 5,987 59 19 11 6 8 7 9 12 8 3 7 4 3 4 4 13,373 9,203 5,806 3.166 2,122 3.167 2,734 3,440 2,227 666 1,428 918 428 444 544 Total................................................ 205,640 164 49,666 i Not including wage earners in factories each of which had annual production valued at less than $5,000. * Maryland only; the figures for Virginia being included with “ All other States” by the census. Occupations in the Industry The occupations for which data are presented in this study are arranged below in the order of manufacture, and, except a few, are defined in Bulletin No. 232. Cutting department: Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand. Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine. Cutters, trimmings, hand (includ ing dinkers and blockers). Cutters, trimmings, machine. Skivers, upper, machine. Cutters, linings, hand. Cutters, linings, machine. Sole-leather department: Cutters, outsole. Cutters, insole. Rounders, outsole or insole. Channelers, outsole or insole. Sole-leather department— Continued. Cutters, top and heel lifts, ma chine. Heel builders, hand. Heel builders, machine (including compressors). Fitting or stitching department: Stampers, linings or uppers (in cluding markers). Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including reinforcers, pasters, and fitters). Folders, hand and machine. Perforators. Tip stitchers. Closers or seamers. 48 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Fitting or stitching department— Con. Seam rubbers, hand and machine. Lining makers (including lining closers and side and top facing stitchers). Closers-on. Top stitchers (including under trimmers and barber trimmers). Binders (including top banders). Buttonhole makers. Button fasteners. Eyeleters (including hookers). Vampers. Barrers (including tackers). Tongue stitchers. Fancy stitchers. Backstay stitchers (including back strappers). Table workers. Lacers (before lasting). Lasting department: Last pickers or sorters (including last casers). Assemblers, for pulling-over ma chine. Pullers-over, hand. Pullers-over, machine. Side lasters, hand. Side lasters, machine. Bed-machine operators. Hand-method lasting-machine op erators. Turn lasters, hand (including first and second iasters). Turn lasters, machine. Turn sewers. Tack pullers, hand and machine. Bottoming department: Goodyear welters (including inseamers). Welt beaters and slashers. Bottom fillers, hand and machine. Roughers for cement. Bottoming department— Continued. Sole cementers, hand and machine (including bottom cementers). Sole layers, hand and machine. Rough rounders. Channel openers and channel closers (including channel layers, channel turners, channel cement ers, and lip turners). Goodyear stitchers. McKay sewers. Sole attachers, cement. Stitch separators (including stitch wheelers). Levelers. Heelers, leather. Heelers, wood. Heel trimmers or shavers. Heel breasters. Edge trimmers. Sluggers. Finishing department: Buffers (including bottom scour ers). Naumkeag operators. Edge setters. Heel scourers (including first and second scourers). Heel burnishers (including stoners, expediters, and heel slickers). Bottom stainers. Bottom finishers (including bot tom slickers). Brushers. Shoe cleaners. Last pullers, hand and machine. Treers, hand and machine. Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scourers). Dressers. Sock liners (including heel-lining, heel-pad, and heel-pin pasters). Lacers (before packing) Packers. All wage earners employed in occupations not listed above are tabulated as “ Other employees.” General Tables In addition to the text tables already shown, five general tables are presented as follows: T a b l e A.—Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per ceni of full time worked, 1932, by depart ment, occupation, sex, and State. Table A also shows the number of establishments in which the occupation was found and the number of wage earners covered. The 128 cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male, in the four establishments in Illinois for which data are shown in this table worked on an average of 5.8 days in one week. Their average full-time hours per week were 48.7, and they actually worked an average of 49.5 hours in the week or 101.6 per cent of full time. They earned an 49 GENERAL TABLES average of 55.3 cents per hour and an average of $27.35 in the week. Their average full-time earnings per week were $26.93, which is 42 cents less than the actual earnings in the week. The difference of 42 cents was due to the wage earners in this occupation in Illinois working an average of 0.8 of an hour or 1.6 per cent more than full time in the week. It will be observed that the wage earners in this occupation in Maryland and Virginia actually worked 1.9 hours or 3.9 per cent more than full time in the week and that those in all other States actually worked less than full time, the short or lost time ranging in such States from 1.7 per cent in Kentucky to 52.6 per cent in New Jersey. This explanation applies to each of the other occupations in the table. T a b l e B.— Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State. T a b l e C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State. T a b l e D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in one week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State. T a b l e E.— Average and classified actual earnings in one week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State. T a b le A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State CU TTIN G DEPARTM EN T Ii Occupation, sex, and State Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male: Illinois_______________ _____ Kentucky_________ ________ Maine________ ______ _____ _ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Michigan_________ _______ . Minnesota___ _____________ Missouri_______ ____ _______ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey.................. ........... New York________ _______ Ohio...................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee. .........— ............. Wisconsin_________ ________ Total............_____ _ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, female: New York_________________ Wisconsin_________________ Total................................ Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine, male: Illinois_______________ ____ Kentucky............ .................. Maine............................ ...... Maryland and Virginia.......... Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours per worked actually week in week worked 4 3 7 4 42 2 3 8 6 3 19 5 9 2 8 128 25 110 61 709 12 19 116 56 25 415 118 129 . 4 105 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.3 5.3 4.5 4.9 4.1 4.8 5.4 5.2 5.8 5.4 48.7 52.6 53.0 48.9 48.5 50.0 48.4 48.1 48.5 44.7 47.8 49.7 51.1 50.0 49.8 49.5 51.7 48.4 50.8 40.5 44.8 42.8 35.7 35.6 21.2 34.4 44.2 43.7 44.3 36.7 125 2,032 5.3 48.9 40.3 82.4 .634 31.00 25.59 1 1 C1) 12 0 5.8 0 • C1) 50.0 32.7 65.4 C1) .336 0) 16.80 (1) 10.98 2 13 5.7 49.8 66.5 .337 16.78 11.16 3 1 3 3 16 9 24 17 5.8 4.2 - 5.4 5.7 101.4 65.1 90.6 103.0 .384 .566 .631 .482 19.20 30.00 32.81 23.86 19.50 19.50 29.71 24.61 33.1 50.0 50.7 53.0 34.5 52.0 47.1 49.5 51.0 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 101.6 $0.553 $26.93 .462 24.30 98.3 91.3 .533 28.25 103.9 .477 23.33 83.5 .695 33.71 89.6 .508 25.40 88.4 .470 22.75 74.2 .799 38.43 73.4 .508 24.64 47.4 .772 34.51 72.0 .713 34.08 88.9 .549 27.29 85.5 .526 26.88 88.6 .543 27.15 73.7 .549 27.34 $27.35 23.88 25.79 24.24 28.18 22.78 20.13 28.55 18.08 16.35 24.53 24.28 22.95 24.02 20.16 50 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— C o n . T able CU TTIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Per Aver Aver age Aver cent Aver age age age full age of full earn full hours time amount time time ings earn actually hours hours actually ings earned per worked actually per per in week week in week worked hour week Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine, male—Continued. Massachusetts______________ Michigan ............... . Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hwipshire.... . New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee____ ____ _________ Wisconsin_________________ ?0 3 2 4 7 1 4 3 6 4 5 134 22 13 163 60 4 153 81 53 39 73 5.2 4.3 4.4 4.7 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.8 4.6 5.1 5.6 48.4 49.3 51.9 50.0 48.4 52.5 48.9 45.0 53.3 48.8 50.3 39.0 31.9 40.0 39.3 35.3 32:4 32.8 33.4 41.9 37.1 40.6 80.6 $0,683 $33.06 64.7 .578 28.50 77.1 .538 27.92 78.6 .478 23.90 72.9 .578 27.98 61.7 .542 28.46 67.1 .690 33.74 74.2 .555 24.98 78.6 .475 25.32 76.0 .433 21.13 80.7 .491 24.70 $26.64 18.44 21.48 18.77 20.42 17.54 22.65 18.56 19.87 16.04 19.90 Total..................................... 69 861 4.9 49.2 37.8 76.8 .563 27.70 21.29 Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, machine, female: Illinois____________________ M ichigan..____ ___________ Missouri___________________ Wisconsin_________________ 3 2 1 2 28 3 6 2 5.4 4.7 5.2 5.5 50.0 48.3 £0.0 50.0 43.3 28.4 44.8 44.7 86.6 58.8 89.6 89.4 .440 .704 .425 .379 22.00 34.00 21.25 18.95 19.04 20.01 19.03 16.94 Total..................................... 8 39 5.3 49.9 42.5 85.2 .448 22.36 19.01 Cutters, trimmings, hand (in cluding dinkers and blockers), male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________ ____ ___ Minnesota_________________ Missouri................ ................. New Hampshire___________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania___ __________ Tennessee____ _____________ Wisconsin.............................. 3 3 7 2 40 1 3 5 5 1 12 3 7 1 7 27 17 47 12 232 0) 7 39 21 0) 45 14 32 3 32 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.3 0) 4.7 4.5 3.9 0) 5.2 5.8 5.0 4.0 5.5 48.4 51.5 53.7 48.2 48.6 0) 49.9 49.1 49.3 0) 48.0 49.5 50.4 55.0 50.3 44.1 48.0 43.1 46.6 39.3 0) 41.0 38.2 23.7 0) 37.5 49.1 42.5 31.8 38.7 91.1 93.2 80.3 96.7 80.9 78."l~ 99.2 84.3 57.8 76.9 .505 .228 .440 .262 .474 0) .311 .311 .355 0) .465 .353 .403 .202 .307 24.44 11.74 23.63 12.63 23.04 0) 15.52 15.27 17.50 0) 22.32 17.47 20.31 11.11 15.44 22.26 10.94 18.97 12.21 18.62 0) 12.74 11.89 8.40 0) 17.42 17.34 17.15 6.44 11.88 Total..................................... 100 531 5.2 49.4 39.8 80.6 .420 20.75 16.74 Cutters, trimmings, hand (in cluding dinkers and blockers), female: 1 Maine.___ ____ ____________ 0) 0) Massachusetts......................... 3 4 6.0 1 Minnesota_________________ 0) 0) ............. Wisconsin................... 1 5.7 6 0) 48.0 0) 50.0 0) 47.9 99.8 0) 29.7 ’ ” 59*4* 0) .331 0) .261 0) 15.89 0) 13.05 0) 15.84 0) 7.74 Total................................. . Cutters, trimmings, machine, male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... 6 12 5.8 49.9 37.9 76.0 .291 14.52 11.04 2 1 3 5 10 2 1 6 3 2 14 5 7 3 5 15 26 3 3 46 6 3 42 29 3.7 4.0 5.8 5.4 5.5 4.7 4.3 4.5 5.3 5.0 5.2 4.9 49.4 53.0 50.8 49.3 49.2 50.0 50.0 48.4 48.0 46.8 47.8 45.9 29.7 32.6 34.8 45.9 44.6 33.8 37.4 34.4 44.3 30.0 39.0 34.6 60.1 61.5 68.5 93.1 90.7 67.6 74.8 71.1 92.3 64.1 81.6 75.4 .325 .416 .382 .346 .435 .547 .339 .478 .513 .425 .454 .385 16.06 22.05 19.41 17.06 21.40 27.35 16.95 23.14 24.62 19.89 21.70 17.67 9.67 13.56 13.29 15.89 19.39 18.51 12.70 16.45 22.69 12.75 17.68 13.35 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 82.2 77.8 48.1 51 GENERAL TABLES A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sea;, and State— Con. T a b le C U TTIN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Cutters, trimmings, machine, male—Continued. Pennsylvania______________ T^nnflSSAft Wisconsin .............................. T o ta l................................. Cutters, trimmings, machine, female: Illinois _ _____ Kentucky__________________ Michigan___ Minriesrtta . , , Missouri New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania_______________ Total .... . ......... Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Per. Aver Aver cent age age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked AverAver Aver age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned per in week hour week 5 3 6 17 8 22 5.3 5.1 5.3 49.9 50.0 50.4 44.1 39.3 40.1 88.4 $0,356 $17.76 78.6 .261 13.05 79.6 .306 15.42 68 235 5.0 48.6 38.6 79.4 .407 19.78 15.70 5 9 4 5.6 0 4.0 0 4.7 0 6.0 5.3 50.0 0 50.0 0 49.1 0 50.0 48.0 50.1 100.2 0 33.1 66.2 0 76.4 37.5 0 47.5 ’ "95.0 36.5 76.0 .239 0 .254 0 .314 0 .382 .296 11.95 0 12.70 0 15.42 0 19.10 14.21 11.99 0 8.40 0 11.79 0 18.12 10.78 41 5.1 49.7 40.8 82.1 .316 15.71 12.88 4 5 28 * 5 3 10 7 0 o 5.8 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.3 6.0 4.6 0 52.0 48.9 48.4 50.0 48.7 44.0 49.3 0 48.5 44.9 40.0 49.8 37.7 42.6 33.0 93.3 91.8 82.6 99.6 77.4 96.8 66.9 0 .525 .258 .620 .404 .438 .770 .288 0 27.30 12.62 30.01 20.20 21.33 33.88 14.20 0 25.48 11.56 24.78 20.12 16.50 32.78 9.51 2 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 0 0 0 12 Skivers, upper, male: 1 Kentucky_________________ _____________________ Maine3 Maryland and Virginia______ 3 Massachusetts______________ 16 Michigan ____ 2 3 New Hampshire____________ 4 New York_________________ 4 Pennsylvania___ 3 16 0 $15.68 10.24 12.26 Total..................................... 36 63 5.4 48.4 41.5 85.7 .537 25.99 22.31 Skivers, upper, female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York.................. .......... Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 2 8 5 38 3 3 9 7 3 17 7 9 4 9 56 12 19 13 145 7 U 66 37 7 98 63 41 22 75 5.4 5.1 5.9 5.7 5.6 4.6 5.6 5.2 5.0 4.1 4.9 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.5 48.9 51.8 51.9 48.8 47.9 49.3 50.0 49.4 48.5 45.2 48.3 47.8 51.2 50.5 49.4 44.4 43.1 45.9 48.1 42.3 33.0 47.7 42.6 34.9 23.1 36.2 36.5 41.2 38.3 35.1 90.8 83.2 88.4 98.6 88.3 66.9 95.4 86.2 72.0 51.1 74.9 76.4 80.5 75.8 71.1 .316 .227 .421 .269 .465 .267 .273 .320 .299 .532 .390 .297 .276 .206 .335 15.45 11.76 21.85 13.13 22.27 13.16 13.65 15.81 14.50 24.05 18.84 14.20 14.13 10.40 16.55 14.01 9.77 19.33 12.93 19.66 8.81 13.00 13.63 10.43 12.32 14.09 10.82 11.37 7.89 11.76 Total_ ____________ 129 672 5.2 48.9 39.7 81.2 .354 17.31 14.06 Cutters, linings, hand, male: Illinois........... ......................... Kentucky_________ _____ __ Maine__________ _______ _ Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 4 2 5 3 41 2 3 5 4 2 17 1 5 2 5 27 4 14 16 166 3 6 20 21 5 142 20 13 4 8 5.8 5.5 5.8 5.9 5.3 5.7 5.3 4.6 5.3 4.0 5.1 4.0 4.9 5.5 5.1 49.4 56.5 52.9 48.6 48.4 50.0 48.3 48.1 48.3 44.0 47.5 50.0 51.8 50.0 48.8 49.4 52.5 42.4 52.8 40.4 48.3 44.5 36.3 34.5 23.6 38.9 31.3 41.6 42.5 35.4 100.0 92.9 80.2 108.6 83.5 96.6 92.1 75.5 71.4 53.6 81.9 62.6 80.3 85.0 72.5 .364 .297 .444 .363 .576 .491 .393 .580 .394 .757 .543 .464 .426 .475 .443 17.98 16.78 23.49 17.64 27.88 24.55 18.98 27.90 19.03 33.31 25.79 23.20 22.07 23.75 21.62 17.94 15.61 18.82 19.16 23.24 23.70 17.46 21.09 13.57 17.87 21.13 14.51 17.74 20.17 15.68 Total............... .................... 101 469 5.2 48.5 40.1 82.7 .514 24.93 20.63 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 52 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T a b l e A .— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation,, sea;, and /Sttate— Con. CUTTING DEPARTM ENT-Continued Num ber of estab lish ments Occupation, sex, and State Cutters, linings, hand, female: Massachusetts______________ New York_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 1 2 2 Num ber of wage earners 0 Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per cent age age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week worked week 3 12 0 5.7 5.3 0) 48.0 50.0 0 43.3 26.8 0 0 90.2 $0.457 $21.94 .246 12.30 53.6 63.2 i1 .297 Total____________________ 5 16 5.4 49.5 31.3 Cutters, linings, machine, male: Illinois____ ________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri______________ ____ New Hampshire........... ......... New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio__________________ ____ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 4 2 4 3 14 3 2 4 3 1 6 6 7 4 8 31 7 10 7 67 3 2 34 12 0 67 25 25 14 16 5.8 4.4 6.0 5.1 5.4 5.0 4.5 5.4 5.6 0) 4.9 5.1 4.9 4.6 5.6 49.8 52.6 50.9 50.4 48.1 49.2 50.3 50.0 48.0 0) 49.0 46.7 53.3 48.9 49.6 50.2 36.9 41.0 42.7 41.7 36.2 41.0 43.6 46.7 0) 36.7 37.9 44.0 34.2 40.9 100.8 70.2 80.6 84.7 86.7 73.6 81.5 87.2 97.3 322 5.2 49.3 8 5.4 0) 5.8 0 0) Total..................................... 71 Cutters, linings, machine, female: Illinois____ ________________ Kentucky_________________ Missouri___________________ New York_________________ Tennessee_________________ 2 1 1 1 1 Total____________________ 6 Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 0 4 0 0 16 0 $19.80 6.61 14.70 9.27 74.9 81.2 82.6 69.9 82.5 .365 .332 .441 .307 .481 .410 .364 .346 .402 0 .492 .424 .362 .289 .526 18.18 17.46 22.45 15.47 23.14 20.17 18. 31 17.30 19.30 0 24.11 19.80 19.29 14.13 26.09 18.32 12. 24 18.05 13.11 20.05 14.82 14.91 15.09 18.77 0 18.08 16.07 15.94 9.89 21.52 41.3 83.8 .423 20.85 17.45 50.0 0 50.0 0 0 44.6 0 47.8 0 0 89.2 95.6 .367 0 .251 0) 0) 18.35 0 12. 55 0 0 16.38 0 12.00 0 0 5.4 1 49.9 44.3 88.8 .327 16. 32 14.48 $20.94 0 0) 30.99 22.84 16.18 25.28 22.21 19.08 26.18 16.04 15.78 SOLE-LEATHER DEPARTM EN T Cutters, outsole, male: Illinois____________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota............................... Missouri........... ............... ...... New Hampshire..................... New York........ ............... ...... Ohio................ ...................... Pennsvl vania_______ _______ Wisconsin_________________ 2 1 1 17 3 3 2 3 3 2 8 2 Total................................... Cutters, insole, male: Illinois........ ............................ Maine....... ................. ............. Maryland and Virginia....... . Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire.................... New York..... .......................... Ohio........ ........... ......... ......... Pennsylvania_____ ____ ____ Wisconsin_________________ 47 Total_______ ______ ______ 46 3 2 2 1i 19 1 1 1 1 3 2 10 1 1 65 5 3 50 12 23 8 33 8 4.4 0 0 5.7 4.6 5.3 3.7 4.1 4.0 5.1 5.6 5.0 48.9 0 0 48.2 50.0 50.2 48.0 48.0 47.9 50.0 50.8 48.9 37.3 0 0 45.8 40.8 43.5 31.7 35.7 24.4 44.5 30.0 23.8 76.3 $0.561 $27.43 0 0 0 0 95.0 .677 32.63 81.6 .560 28.00 86.7 .372 18.67 66.0 .797 38.26 74.4 .622 29.86 50.9 .780 37.36 89.0 .588 29.40 59.1 .536 27.23 48.7 .665 32.52 218 4.8 48.8 36.2 74.2 .668 32.60 24.17 14 2 2 64 3 3 97 17 9 12 66 4 4.9 5.0 5.0 5.5 4.7 5.0 4.1 3.1 5.0 5.7 5.8 6.0 48.2 54.0 50.5 48.4 50.0 52.5 48.0 48.0 48.7 50.0 50.8 55.0 38.9 37.8 42.3 43.1 41.1 47.5 36.0 27.3 32.6 46.5 27.9 52.5 80.7 70.0 83.8 89.0 82.2 90.5 75.0 56.9 66.9 93.0 54.9 95.5 .703 .510 .314 .571 .571 .332 .672 .635 .535 .310 .459 .400 33.88 27.54 15.86 27.64 28.55 17.43 32.26 30.48 26.05 15.50 23.32 22.00 27.30 19.25 13.28 24.60 23.48 15.79 24.16 17.34 17.44 14.42 12.78 21.00 293 4.9 49.0 36.1 73.7 .571 27.98 20.60 8 0 0 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 53 GENERAL TABLES T a b l e A . — Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. SOLE-LEATHER DEPARTMENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week i Aver Aver Aver Per age Aver age cent Aver age full age age full hours of full earn time amount time time ings earn actually hours actually hours ings earned per worked actually per per in week week in week worked hour week Rounders, outsole and insole, male: Illinois.................................... Kentucky.............................. . Maine.................................... Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts....................... Michigan............................... Minnesota................... ........ Missouri__________________ New Hampshire.................... New Jersey_________ ____ _ New York.......... ................. Ohio....................................... . Pennsylvania........................ . Tennessee_________ ________ Wisconsin............................ . 5 3 7 3 28 3 3 6 5 2 17 4 7 3 6 13 6 9 5 36 3 3 14 6 2 33 8 15 6 12 5.2 5.7 6.0 4.8 5.5 4.7 5.7 5.0 5.7 5.0 5.3 5.3 4.6 4.8 5.2 49.4 54.3 52.7 49.0 48.6 50.0 50.2 49.4 48.3 48.3 47.5 49.9 52.2 50.0 49.9 44.0 49.5 49.2 36.1 41.6 40.5 49.8 41.3 43.1 34.5 39.8 42.0 39.0 36.5 36.9 89.1 $0.392 $19.36 .275 14.93 91.2 93.4 .453 23.87 73.7 .461 22.59 .569 27.65 85.6 .500 25.00 81.0 .366 18.37 99.2 .509 25.14 83.6 .549 26.52 89.2 .493 71.4 23.81 .626 29.74 83.8 84.2 .651 32.48 .379 19.78 74.7 .454 22.70 73.0 .464 23.15 73.9 $17.24 13.63 22.27 16.66 23.68 20.25 18.23 21.02 23.67 17.00 24.87 27.34 14.77 16.58 17.10 Total................................... . 102 171 5.3 49.5 41.3 83.4 .509 25.20 21.01 Channelers, outsole and insole, male: Illinois................................... . Kentucky............................... Maine............ ............ ........... . Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts-------- ----------Michigan....................... ......... Minnesota............................... M issouri........................... . New Hampshire.......... .......... New Jersey......................... New York............................. . Ohio______________________ Pennsylvania----- ------ --------Tennessee__________ ____ _ Wisconsin.............................. . 5 2 5 3 25 4 2 6 5 2 14 4 9 4 5 13 4 7 3 38 4 3 11 8 3 30 8 17 6 9 5.5 5.3 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.7 4.9 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 49.1 51.5 52.4 48.8 48.4 49.4 49.5 49.8 48.0 46.8 48.5 49.9 50.9 £0.0 50.2 45.4 43.7 50.3 46.6 40.6 40.3 47.7 39.9 42.9 35.8 34.6 37.6 40.6 39.3 29.4 92.5 84.9 96.0 95.5 83.9 81.6 96.4 80.1 89.4 76.5 71.3 75.4 79.8 78.6 58.6 .486 .353 .398 .527 .643 .484 .452 .528 .527 .703 .613 .617 .499 .447 .499 23.86 18.18 20.86 25.72 31.12 23.91 22.37 26.29 25.30 32.90 29.73 30.79 25.40 22.35 25.05 22.07 15.41 20.00 24.57 26.14 19.48 21.56 21.09 22.62 25.18 21.19 23.16 20.27 17.56 14.69 Total...................... .......... Cutters, top and heel lifts, ma chine, male: Illinois.................................... Maine.................. - ................. Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts............... ......... Michigan................................. Minnesota....................... ....... Missouri............................. . New Hampshire..................... New Jersey.................... ......... New York............................... Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania...................... Wisconsin............... ............... 95 164 5.3 49.3 39.8 80.7 .550 27.12 21.89 3 1 1 6 2 1 2 1 1 4 2 5 1 14 0 <l) 14 4 0 114 12 0 4 6 10 7 4.9 0 0 6.0 4.3 0 3.4 3.8 0 5.0 5.0 4.1 5.0 48.5 0 0 48.1 50.0 0 48.0 48.0 (0 49.0 50.0 53.4 48.0 40.6 0) 0 48.1 35.6 0 28.3 32.8 (l) 38.5 42.5 34.6 20.4 83.7 78.6 85.0 64.8 42.5 .514 0 0 .536 .390 0 .498 .533 0 .576 .374 .396 .578 24.93 0 0 25.78 19.50 0 23.90 25.58 0 28.22 18.70 21.15 27.74 20.90 0 0) 25.78 13.89 0 14.10 17.48 0 22.15 15.87 13.69 11.76 Total....................... ............ Heel builders, hand, male: Massachusetts........ ................ Pennsylvania................. ....... Wisconsin............................... 30 189 4.0 48.5 32.3 66.6 .494 23.96 15.97 4 3 5.8 5.0 0 48.0 52.7 0 46.8 34.0 0 97.5 64.5 .343 .305 0 16.46 16.07 0 16.07 10.37 0 Total................................ — Heel builders, hand, female: Illinois_____ ____ _____ _____ Massachusetts........................ Pennsylvania.......................... Wisconsin......................... ...... 5 8 5.4 50.6 42.4 83.8 .321 16.24 13.61 1 4 1 1 4 7 5.0 5.4 0 0 49.5 48.0 0 0 45.0 40.1 0 0 90.9 83.5 .326 .395 0 0 16.14 18.96 0 0 14.66 15.87 0 0 Total.................................... 7 14 5.1 49.3 39.5 80.1 .348 17.16 13.73 2 2 1 0 0 0) 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 100.0 71.2 59.0 68.3 54 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average fulU time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T able SOLE-LEATHER DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Heel builders, machine (includ ing compressors), male: Illinois____________________ Maine_____________________ M assachusetts____________ Michigan________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri_______________ New York_______________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania____________ Wisconsin________________ 2 1 4 2 1 2 1 1 4 1 Total..................................... 19 Num ber of wage earners 2 Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age of fuUfull hours time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week week worked 0) 38 0) 4 12 0) 5.0 0) 5.5 4.4 0) 3.4 0) 5.0 4.0 0) 48.8 0) 48.0 50.0 0) 48.0 0) 50.0 52.4 0) 41.8 0) 44.3 38.7 0) 29.1 0) 36.8 33.4 0) 69 0) 4 5 Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 85.7 $0,366 $17.86 0) 0 .448 21.50 .511 25.55 0) 0 60^6* .523 25.10 0 0) .477 23.85 73.6 .347 18.18 63.7 0 0 $15.29 0 19.81 19.80 0 15.23 0) 17.56 11.60 0) 92.3 77.4 3.9 49.2 33.0 67.1 .469 23.07 15.51 Heel builders, machine (includ ing compressors), female: Illinois____________________ 3 7 5.0 Massachusetts______________ 3 13 5.3 1 Minnesota_________________ 0) 0) 2 Missouri___________________ 17 3.4 1 9 •New Hampshire____________ 4.0 1 New York _ 17 3.9 2 5 4.2 Ohio_______________________ 1 Pennsylvania______________ 5 4.2 1 Wisconsin_________________ 0) 0) 48.4 48.0 0) 48.0 48.0 48.0 50.0 54.0 0) 41.8 38.4 0) 29.1 35.0 27.3 31.2 37.0 0) 86.4 80.0 .340 .377 0) .432 .301 .527 .355 .300 0) 16.46 18.10 0) 20.74 14.45 25.30 17.75 16.20 0) 14.22 14.46 0) 12.54 10.52 14.39 11.08 11.10 0) 4.2 48.6 33.0 67.9 .393 19.10 12.96 85.8 $0,184 98.6 .173 $9.20 8.74 T o ta l................................... 15 75 60.6. 72.9 56.9 62.4 68.5 FITTIN G AND STITCH IN G DEPARTM ENT Stampers, linings or uppers (in cluding markers), male: Illinois. ................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan................................. Missouri.................................. New York............................... Wisconsin.............................. 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 Total.................................... 8 Stampers, linings or uppers (in cluding markers), female: Illinois..................................... Kentucky................................ Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts....................... . Michigan............................... . Minnesota............................... Missouri.................. ............... New Hampshire.................... . New Jersey............................ . New York.............................. . Ohio....................................... . Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee.............................. . Wisconsin............................. . Total................................... . 3 3 0) 0) 5.7 6.0 0) 0) 0) 0) 50.0 50.5 42.9 49.8 0) $7.91 8.63 0) 5.0 55.0 0) 0) 49.3 89.6 .263 14.47 17 5.6 50.2 46.2 92.0 .287 14.41 13.23 5 3 8 4 48 3 4 9 7 2 18 7 9 4 9 46 13 40 14 199 4 9 72 33 4 115 53 41 14 46 5.5 5.5 5.8 5.3 5.5 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.3 4.0 5.2 5.0 5.1 5.0 5.3 49.3 52.5 53.1 48.7 47.9 48.8 49.2 48.9 48.2 44.0 47.8 48.4 49.7 49.3 48.9 47.7 47.0 43.8 47.7 41.7 30.5 39.9 42.6 38.3 18.8 39.2 40.1 39.0 37.5 36.8 96.8 89.5 82.5 97.9 87.1 62.5 81.1 87.1 79.5 42.7 82.0 82.9 78.5 76.1 75.3 .281 .210 .293 .216 .343 .315 .270 .311 .265 .488 .339 .343 .240 .308 .322 13.85 11.03 15.56 10.52 16.43 15.37 13.28 15.21 12.77 21.47 16.20 16.60 11.93 15.18 15.75 13.39 9.88 12.82 10.30 14.30 9.60 10.79 13.24 10.15 9.16 13.29 13.75 9.37 11.52 11.84 140 703 5.3 48.7 41.0 84.2 .314 15.29 12.88 0) 4 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 0) 0) 0) 0) F> 0) 0) 0) y*> 0) 0) 0) 0) 12.93 55 GENERAL TABLES A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T able F ITTIN G AND STITCH IN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full of full time hours time hours actually hours per worked actually week in week worked Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including re inforcers, pasters, and fitters), male: Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... New Hampshire...................... New Jersey.............................. New York................................ 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 0) 0) 0) 17 0) 4.8 0) 0) 0) 5.8 <*) 50.5 0) 0) 0) 44.2 0) (9 38.8 76.8 $0,114 ______ 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 48.7 110.2 .476 0) $5.76 0) 0) 0) 21.04 0) $4.45 0) 0) 0 ). 23.19 0) Total..................................... 8 26 5.6 46.0 45.9 99.8 .440 20.24 20.20 Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including re inforcers, pasters, and fitters), female: Illinois..................................... Kentucky................................ Maine_________ _________ Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan................................. Minnesota............................... Missouri.................................. New Hampshire...................... New Jersey.............................. New York................................ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee........................... . Wisconsin................................ 5 3 7 5 48 2 4 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 8 138 35 69 46 384 5 11 190 52 21 373 100 118 33 63 5.4 5.4 5.8 5.7 5.5 5.8 5.1 5.3 5.2 4.6 5.1 5.1 5.3 5.1 5.6 49.6 53.8 52.7 48.6 47.9 49.5 49.5 49.5 48.3 44.8 48.2 47.8 50.5 48.2 49.5 47.9 48.0 45.5 50.0 40.9 41.3 42.6 42.8 39.9 25.6 39.2 40.5 44.2 36.8 34.8 96.6 89.2 86.3 102.9 85.4 83.4 86.1 86.5 82.6 57.1 81.3 84,7 87.5 76.3 70.3 .179 .178 .261 .148 .287 .265 .242 .231 .230 .358 .269 .255 .209 .206 .288 8.88 9.58 13.75 7.19 13.75 13.12 11.98 11.43 11.11 16.04 12.97 12.19 10.55 9.93 14.26 8.59 8.56 11.91 7.38 11.73 10.95 10.32 9.88 9.19 9.18 10.54 10.32 9.24 7.59 10.02 85.1 .247 12.08 10.26 0) 0) 0) 30.76 (0 0) (*) 34.14 Total..................................... 140 1,63# 5.3 48.9 41.6 Folders, hand and machine, male: Maine_____________________ Massachusetts_____________ Missouri___________________ New York............................... 1 1 1 4 (0 0) (0 70 0) 0) 0) 5.9 0) 0) 0) 44.0 0) (i) 0) 48.8 110.9 (l) 0) 0) .699 Total.................................... 7 74 5.9 44.3 49.0 110.6 .683 30.26 33.42 Folders, hand and machine, female: Illinois-................................... Kentucky................................ Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan................................ Minnesota............................... Missouri_______ _____ ______ New Hampshire...................... New Jersey......................... . New York................................ Ohio........................................ Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee................................ Wisconsin................................ 5 3 8 5 47 3 3 9 7 2 18 7 9 4 8 87 15 57 30 334 5 10 124 27 4 234 82 54 16 56 5.7 4.9 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.2 5.6 5.3 5.0 3.8 5.1 5.3 4.9 4.8 5.1 49.4 53.1 53.5 49.2 48.0 49.0 49.7 48.8 48.3 44.0 48.2 47.9 50.3 50.6 48.7 52.0 42.9 46.0 46.2 40.3 37.5 45.1 42.8 35.1 20.4 39.0 41.5 39.1 37.8 36.4 105.3 80.8 86.0 93.9 84.0 76.5 90.7 87.7 72.7 46.4 80.9 86.6 77.7 74.7 74.7 .262 .196 .288 .215 .374 .291 .266 .297 .278 .405 .332 .266 .214 .179 .349 12.94 10.41 15.41 10.58 17.95 14.26 13.22 14.49 13.43 17.82 16.00 12.74 10.76 9.06 , 17.00 13.64 8.38 13.25 9.96 15.07 10.89 11.98 12.71 9.76 8.25 12.95 11.04 8.37 6.76 12.70 Total..................................... 138 1,135 5.3 48.8 41.3 84.6 .313 15.27 12.91 Perforators, male: Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Missouri.................................. 1 1 3 20 2 (9 0) 0) 5.2 5.5 5.5 (0 (*) 48.9 48.6 49.7 0) 0) 46.1 43.3 46.3 94.3 89.1 93.2 8 .263 .510 .316 0) (l) 12.86 24.79 15.71 (*) 0) 12.13 22.08 14.63 0) 5 35 6 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 56 •WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per houry and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le F ITTIN G AND STITCHIN G DEPAETM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Perforators, male—Continued. New York.......... ................ Ohio.................................... Pennsylvania-.................... Num ber of wage earners Wisconsin- 11 1 2 1 1 3 5.2 5.7 6.0 0) 6.0 Total___ 43 100 5.4 3 2 6 5 34 3 2 9 7 2 16 7 7 3 6 15 4 11 14 95 4 3 27 30 3 66 30 19 8 17 112 346 Perforators, female: Illinois...... ...................... Kentucky..................... . Maine________________ Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts_________ Michigan______ ______ _ Minnesota....................... Missouri_____ ____ ____ New Hampshire......... New Jersey,.................. . New York....................... Ohio_________ ______ Pennsylvania_________ Tennessee..................... Wisconsin...................... TotalTip stitchers, male: Maine_________ Massachusetts... Michigan--------New York.......... 1 2 1 1 TotalTip stitchers, female: Illinois-— .................... . Maine............................. Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts_________ Michigan...................... . Minnesota...................... Missouri...................... New Hampshire_______ New Jersey_____ _____ _ New York— ................. Ohio...... ......................... Pennsylvania................ . 42 3 2 Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week 0 (i) 2 0) 0 Aver age full time earnmgs per week Aver age amount ;actually earned inweek 84.9 $0,508 $24.18 97.0 .447 22.13 84.3 .357 18.21 0) 0 101.6 .389 19.45 $20.51 21.46 15.35 0 19.78 Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked Aver age earn ings per hour 47.6 49.5 51.0 0 50.0 40.4 48.0 43.0 0 50.8 48.5 42.9 88.5 .469 22.75 20.11 5.3 49.3 52.5 6.0 5.9 52.5 5.5 49.3 5.5 47.9 49.4 5.0 49.3 6.0 49.2 5.0 5.3 ! 48.4 5.3 46.8 5.2 48.5 48.3 4.8 5.4 52.0 4.9 50.0 49.4 5.6 42.8 52.8 43.7 45.5 41.6 33.7 53.9 41.0 39.5 36.1 39.7 39.1 43.7 38.6 39.2 86.8 100.6 83.2 92.3 86.8 68.2 109.3 83.3 81.6 77.1 81.9 81.0 84.0 77.2 79.4 .288 .185 .337 .281 .406 .333 .263 .302 . 304 .402 .369 .344 .271 .217 .333 14.20 9. 71 17.69 13.85 19.45 16.45 12.97 14.86 14.71 18.81 17.90 16.62 14.09 10.85 16.45 12.32 9.79 14.72 12.77 16.88 11.24 14.20 12.38 12.02 14.51 14.64 13.43 11.85 8.40 13.05 41.1 84.0 .343 16.77 14.10 0 .424 0 0 0 20.77 0 0 20.77 0 0 5.3 48.9 0 0) 6.0 49.0 (i) 0) 0 * 0 0 49.0 0 0 100.0 5 5 5.6 49.2 43.9 89.2 .442 21.75 19.39 2 3 4 15 4 2 3 4 2 7 3 5.8 5.9 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.8 4.3 4.8 4.7 4.4 5.0 4.9 4.8 5.2 48.0 50.6 49.6 48.0 49.6 49.1 50.0 49.0 44.0 48.3 46.4 49.3 47.5 49.2 46.4 38.6 49.4 39.6 39.2 47.9 35.0 29.7 24.2 35.1 36.7 39.1 32.3 29.8 96.7 76.3 99.6 82.5 79.0 97.6 70.0 60.6 55.0 72.7 79.1 79.3 68.0 60.6 .445 .400 .271 .407 .317 .276 .269 .249 . 465 .387 .302 .279 .365 .397 21.36 20.24 13.44 19. 54 15.72 13.55 13.45 12.20 20.46 18.69 14.01 13.75 17.34 19.53 20.63 15.45 13.39 16.11 12.41 13.23 9.42 7.40 11.25 13.59 11.08 10.91 11.79 11.82 Wisconsin _ 6 17 7 15 50 7 4 30 10 7 32 11 14 12 29 Total— . 62 245 5.1 48.6 37.1 76.3 .356 17.30 13.20 2 4 3 2 6 5 6.0 5.8 6.0 49.3 48.0 44.0 50.5 37.7 31.4 102.4 78.5 71.4 .310 .470 .748 15.28 22.56 32.91 15.67 17.73 23.48 9 13 5.9 46.7 37.2 79.7 .527 24.61 19.62 5 2 8 5 44 4 4 27 4 15 12 88 5 6 5.6 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.6 5.0 5.8 49.0 51.5 52.4 48.7 47.8 49.0 49.4 48.9 48.0 44.4 49.5 41.0 33.1 47.4 99.8 93.2 84.7 101.6 85.8 67.6 96.0 .310 .209 .348 .240 .364 .350 .311 15.19 10.76 18.24 11*. 69 17.40 17.15 15.36 15.17 10.04 15.47 11.89 14.96 11.57 14.75 Closers or seamers, male: Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts............ New York....................... Total.. Closers or seamers, female: Illinois. ......................... . Kentucky....................... Maine............................. Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts............... . Michigan........................ Minnesota..................... . 1 43 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 57 GENERAL TABLES A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T able FITT IN G AND STITCH IN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Closers or seamers, female—Con. Missouri. ......... .................... New Hampshire...................... New Jersey............................. New York................................ O h io....................................... Pennsylvania---------------------Tennessee............................ . Wisconsin.............................. Total................................. . Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Aver Aver Per cent age age full hours of full time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week week worked Aver Aver Aver age age full age earn time amount, ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 9 4 3 14 7 9 2 9 22 9 4 53 30 24 3 19 5.5 5.1 4.8 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.0 5.3 49.4 48.7 48.3 48.3 47.5 50.8 48.3 49.2 44.9 36.2 28.6 36.6 41.7 40.2 36.7 34.6 90.9 $0.285 $14.08 .341 16.61 74.3 .494 23.86 59.2 .369 17.82 75.8 87.8 .308 14.63 79.1 .261 13.26 .315 15.21 76.0 70.3 .359 17.66 129 321 5.3 48.8 41.1 84.2 .331 16.15 13.58 8 3 5.9 5.3 0) 48.0 45.3 0 43.6 33.3 0) 90.8 73.5 .357 .526 0) 17.14 23.83 0) 15.56 17.53 0) Seam rubbers, hand and machine, male: Massachusetts-............ ........... New York_________________ Pennsylvania.......................... 6 3 1 0) $12.79 12.32 14.13 13.50 12.85 10.47 11.54 12.44 Total..................................... 10 12 5.8 47.9 41.7 87.1 .370 17.72 15.45 Seam rubbers, hand and machine, female: Illinois.................................... Kentucky...............................Maine............. ........................ Maryland and Virginia....... . Massachusetts—.......... .......... Michigan.......... ...................... Missouri............. ..................... New Hampshire.............. — New Jersey.......................... . New York................ ............ . Ohio______________________ Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee.............................— Wisconsin.............................. . 4 3 4 2 18 2 6 2 2 16 7 4 2 6 16 6 6 4 25 2 22 2 2 28 27 5 3 15 5.8 5.5 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.0 5.2 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.0 4.3 5.5 49.5 54.3 53.3 48.6 48.0 50.0 49.4 48.0 48.3 48.0 47.3 50.0 48.3 48.8 52.3 49.8 45.2 45.0 40.8 32.8 42.5 48.0 35.3 40.6 43.6 40.8 28.2 32.5 105.7 91.7 84.8 92.6 85.0 65.6 86.0 100.0 73.1 84.6 92.2 81.6' 58.4 66.6 .243 .158 .243 .178 .330 .380 .253 .445 .265 .322 .295 .176 .311 .343 12.03 8.58 12.95 8.65 15.84 19.00 12.50 21.35 12.80 15.46 13.95 8.80 15.02 16.74 12.72 7.86 10.96 8.02 13.44 12.44 10.76 21.35 * 9.35 13.09 12.88 7.18 8.76 11.15 Total................................... - 78 163 5.5 48.8 42.1 86.3 .284 13.86 11.97 Lining makers (including lining closers, and side and top facing stitchers), male: Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts........ ............... New York............................... Wisconsin.............................. 1 1 4 1 9 8 0 0 5.9 5.9 0 0) 44.0 50.0 0) 0) 39.3 44.8 89.3 89.6 0) 0) .580 .321 0) 0) 25.52 16.05 0) 0) 22.81 14.36 0) 0) 7 20 5.9 47.3 43.1 91.1 .436 20.62 18.76 Lining makers (including lining closers, and side and top facing stitchers), female: Illinois..................................... Kentucky................................ Maine............... ...................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts--------------------Michigan............................... Minnesota—...........................Missouri................................ New Hampshire................ . New Jersey............................. New York................................ Ohio..................................... . Pennsylvania............. ............ Tennessee................................ Wisconsin.............................. . 5 3 8 5 49 4 3 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 8 65 13 42 28 288 9 10 124 49 8 170 58 77 23 40 5.5 4.9 5.7 5.5 5.7 5.1 5.7 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.1 4.7 5.5 48.9 52.7 53.0 49.3 47.9 49.4 49.5 49.6 48.6 47.2 48.4 47.7 50.5 48.7 49.1 45.1 41.3 42.4 45.2 41.1 39.0 47.1 38.6 31.9 27.3 34.4 40.7 40.0 33.1 36.0 92.2 78.4 80.0 91.7 85.8 78.9 95.2 77.8 65.6 57.8 71.1 85.3 79.2 68.0 73.3 .295 .223 .287 .237 .355 .264 .258 .260 .275 .400 .345 .288 .245 .284 .361 14.43 11.75 15.21 11.68 17.00 13.04 12.77 12.90 13.37 18.88 16.70 13.74 12.37 13.83 17.73 13.32 9.19 12.15 10.69 14.58 10.30 12.16 10.04 8.78 10.90 11.85 11.70 9.81 9.39 12.99 Total..................................... 143 1,004 5.2 48.9 39.1 80.0 .310 15.16 12.11 Total................................. - i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 58 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sea?, and State— Con. T a b l e A .— BITTIN G AND STITCHIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Closers-on, female: Maine_____________________ Massachusetts ................ New Hampshire_____ New Jersey ____ __________ ____ ___ Pennsylvania __ 2 2 3 1 2 Num ber of wage earners 2 2 4 Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per cent age age of full full hours time actually time hours worked hours per actually week in week worked Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 52.0 46.0 48.5 0 51.0 50.5 38.8 35.3 0 46.5 97.1 $0,296 $15.39 .337 15.50 84.3 .293 14.21 72.8 0 0 91.2" .339 17.29 3 6.0 6.0 5.0 0 5.7 10 13 5.5 49.8 41.0 82.3 .340 16.93 13.94 Maryland and Virginia- Massachusetts__Missouri___________________ New York_________________ Pennsylvania__ 2 2 21 2 5 2 2 4 61 2 33 13 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.7 5.8 52.0 50.5 48.3 49.0 44.0 48.0 52.0 50.5 38.6 40.8 42.7 45.6 100.0 100.0 79.9 83.3 97.0 95.0 .622 .435 .640 .368 .657 .415 32.36 21.97 30.91 18.03 28.91 19.92 32.36 21.97 24.71 15.01 28.01 18.93 Total..................................... Top stitchers (including under trimmers and barber trimmers), male: 0) $14.96 13.04 10.32 0 15.75 Total..................................... 34 115 5.6 47.2 41.3 87.5 .603 28.46 24.87 Top stitchers (including under trimmers and barber trimmers), female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__________________ Maine—................................... Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ M issouri__________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 3 8 5 47 4 3 9 7 3. 14 7 9 4 9 96 24 70 36 379 22 14 188 90 6 241 101 78 26 78 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.6 4.4 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.8 4.8 5.2 5.5 5.1 5.3 49.3 52.5 53.1 48.8 47.9 49.7 50.1 49.4 48.5 46.8 48.6 47.7 50.9 48.8 49.2 50.4 48.5 44.7 47.3 41.6 33.6 41.8 38.5 33.0 34.8 36.4 41.9 44.9 37.2 37.2 102.2 92.4 84.2 96.9 86.8 67.6 83.4 77.9 68.0 74.4 74.9 87.8 88.2 76.2 75.6 .324 .231 .329 .219 .382 .327 .258 .294 .327 .464 .373 .305 .308 .261 .378 15.97 12.13 17.47 10.69 18.30 16.25 12.93 14.52 15.86 21.72 18.13 14.55 15.68. 12.74 18.60 16.32 11.22 14. 71 10.34 15.87 11.00 10.80 11.29 10.81 16.15 13.57 12.76 13.81 9.69 14.08 Total..................................... 137 1,449 5.2 49.0 40.5 82.7 .338 16.56 13.68 Binders (including top banders), male: Massachusetts______________ New York_________________ Pennsylvania....................... — 8 5 2 15 13 3 5.8 5.8 5.7 48.1 44.0 48.0 44.9 42.0 45.3 93.3 95.5 94.4 .679 .710 .464 32.66 31.24 22.27 30.45 29.86 21.01 Total..................................... 15 31 5.8 46.4 43.7 94.2 .670 31.09 29.29 Binders (including top banders), female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Minnesota., ________ _ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin_________________ 4 3 4 5 37 3 7 3 2 12 5 7 3 2 34 11 28 20 155 4 56 U 4 98 30 30 9 6 5.8 5.5 5.9 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.3 5.1 4.0 5.2 5.1 5.7 4.9 6.0 49.9 53.3 54.0 49.0 47.9 49.0 49.2 48.4 48.3 48.6 47.4 50.2 48.3 48.0 55.6 48.5 48.5 47.6 41.2 41.9 43.5 37.8 30.5 40.6 40.1 47.4 33.8 49.5 111.4 91.0 89.8 97.1 86.0 85.5 88.4 78.1 63.1 83.5 84.6 94.4 70.0 103.1 .244 .233 .367 .251 .411 .276 .265 .290 .552 .481 .245 .313 .293 .397 12.18 12.42 19.82 12.30 19.69 13.52 13.04 14.04 26.66 23.38 11.61 15.71 14.15 19.06 13.56 11.32 17.81 11.94 16.95 11.56 11.50 10.93 16.85 19.54 9.84 14.84 9.91 19.64 Total..................................... 97 496 5.5 49.0 43.3 88.4 .358 17.54 15.50 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 59 GENERAL TABLES A .— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le F ITT IN G AND STITCH IN G DEPABTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Aver AverPer Aver age Num Num days cent on age ber of ber of which of full time hours estab time wage hours actually hours lish earners per worked actually ments in week worked worked in week week Buttonhole makers, female: Kentucky....................... Maine.............................. Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts................ New York...................... Pennsylvania_____ ____ 4 2 0 6.0 0 0) 5.5 5.0 0 52.7 0 0 48.4 50.3 0 52.0 0 0 44.3 41.9 0 0 18.7 $0,329 $17.34 0 0 0 0) 91.5 .400 19.36 .301 15.14 83.3 12 5.6 50.2 45.5 90.6 .331 16.62 15.06 4.2 5.7 6.0 0 5.9 5.0 4.4 5.5 6.0 5.4 0 0 49.6 51.0 52.7 0 47.7 49.0 48.8 47.3 49.4 50.5 0 0 39.8 48.3 52.0 0 43.8 41.9 30.3 38.9 50.3 44.0 0 0 80.2 94.7 98.7 "91.8 85.5 62.1 82.2 .193 .226 .301 0 .332 .272 .364 .418 .293 .267 0 0 9.57 11.53 15.86 0 15.84 13.33 17.76 19.77 14.47 13.48 0 0 7.67 10.93 15.68 0 14.57 11.39 11.02 16.27 14.73 11.75 0 0 5.5 48.5 42.7 88.0 .325 15.76 13.89 0) .432 .362 .511 0 22.29 17.85 24.58 0 20.50 18.18 20.40 0 !) 0) 0 0 Total.. Button fasteners, female: Illinois............................ Kentucky...................... . Maine............................ . Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts................ Missouri.......................... New Hampshire............. New York....................... Ohio................................ Pennsylvania.................. 3 3 0 32 8 5 26 10 9 0 0 Wisconsin. Total___ Eyeleters (including hookers), male: Illinois.................................... Maine......................- ............. Maryland and Virginia........ Massachusetts....................... Michigan................................ Minnesota------------------------Missouri.......................- ........ New Hampshire.................... New Jersey............................ New York.............................. Pennsylvania........................ Tennessee........- ..................... Wisconsin....... ...................... 2 70 5.2 48.8 5.5 12 6 14 5.6 4.7 6.0 4.9 3.5 0 5.0 4.5 5.4 4.8 5.3 48.8 54.0 52.7 49.5 47.8 49.6 48.7 49.8 48.5 0 48.5 47.5 50.4 48.3 49.3 35.5 43.9 34.0 33.5 133 5.2 49.1 19.9 9 2 16 3 0 Total.. 10 4 3 3 27 6 3 17 4 0 13 10 Wisconsin .. . Total.____ 5 4 21 8 0 Eyeleters (including hookers), female: Illinois.................................... Kentucky.............................. Maine..................................... Maryland and Virginia----Massachusetts....................... Michigan................................ Minnesota.............................. Missouri................................. New Hampshire.................... New Jersey............................ New York............. ............... Ohio....................................... Pennsylvania......................... 87 0 47.5 50.3 39.9 0 0) 0 35.7 15.5 35.0 39.5 0 50.0 0 6.0 6.0 5.5 0 0 0 5.1 4.0 4.6 5.3 0 5.5 0 Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 5.3 5.7 5.0 47.4 47.6 48.0 46.3 41.5 36.3 50.0 41.0 24.8 101.8 87.1 92.1 102.0 83.0 8 8 $17.09 8 17.74 12.62 8 0 13.46 39.69 27.16 17.24 95.2 0 .278 .902 .573 .336 0) .408 80.3 .451 22.01 17.69 97.1 .348 .204 .217 .304 .356 .312 .298 .290 .314 0 .385 .461 .294 .261 .373 16.98 11.02 11.44 15.05 17.02 15.48 14.51 14; 44 15.23 0 18.67 21.90 14.82 12.61 18.39 16.49 9.72 10.45 14; 08 14.78 11.29 14.89 7.76 0 14.03 16.36 12.91 8.88 12.48 81.3 .333 16.35 13.30 98.8 103.7 87.1 (0 .505 .380 .601 0 26.11 18.73 28.97 0 73.8 35.2 73.8 77.0 88.1 91.1 93.5 86.8 73.2 102.7 82.3 51.1 ” 75A 74.7 87.1 70.4 9.93 13.98 20.05 13.25 0 20.41 11.88 Vampers, male: Kentucky........................ . Maine....................... i ___ Maryland and Virginia—. Massachusetts__________ Minnesota*..................... . 87 8 ll) 8 6.0 51.7 51.1 5.9 49.3 13 51.1 42.0 48.2 5.7 179 0) 0 0 0 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 8 8 25.79 19.42 25.20 0 60 WAGES AND HOURS—BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le FITTIN G AND STITCH IN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Vampers, male—Continued. Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey ________ _ New York_________________ Pennsylvania.......................... Wisconsin.............................. Total........................—......... Vampers, female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan_________________ Minnesota________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire___________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio........................................ Pennsylvania ..... Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_____________ ____ Total_____ _____ _________ Barrers, female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia ___ Massachusetts......................... Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey____________ . New York..... .............. ........... Ohio...... .................................. Pennsylvania_______________ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin......................... ...... Total_______ ______ ______ Tongue stitchers, female: Illinois, ......... ...................... Kentucky_________________ Maine____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ M assachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire__________ New Jersev________________ New York____________,____ Ohio................ ......... .............. Pennsylvania______ ____ ___ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ T o ta l___________________ Fancy stitchers, male: Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ M assachusetts______________ M ichigan_________________ New Hampshire____________ New York_________________ Pennsylvania ____________ Total____________________ Num ber of estab lish ments 3 4 1 7 2 3 67 Num ber of wage earners 9 9 Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Per Aver Aver cent age age of full full hours time actually time hours worked hours actually per week in week worked 85.2 $0.373 $18.17 82.1 .392 18.82 0 0 85.1 .649 30.05 90.4 .542 26.02 64.5 .456 22.48 86.3 .569 27.43 $15.48 15.47 0 25.55 23.53 14.47 23.68 35 13 12 283 5.0 5.1 0 4.8 5.4 5.2 5.5 48.7 48.0 0 46.3 48.0 49.3 48.2 41.5 39.4 0 39.4 43.4 31.8 41.6 5 3 8 5 40 4 4 9 7 3 15 7 8 4 9 131 97 22 39 24 179 20 13 124 72 13 20i 91 78 36 88 1,097 5.7 5.5 5.6 5.5 5.4 5.0 5.4 4.8 5.1 4.9 4.8 4.8 5.2 4.8 5.3 5.1 49.1 53.0 51.8 48.6 47.9 49.6 49.2 49.7 48.5 47.3 48.7 47.3 51.0 47.9 49.3 49.0 49.3 48.1 41.4 46.3 39.7 35. 3 43.4 37.9 37.6 31.1 35.2 38.0 44.4 33.1 34.4 39.2 100.4 90.8 79.9 95.3 82.9 71.2 88.2 76.3 77.5 65.8 72.3 80.3 87.1 69.1 69.8 80.0 .313 . 23G .444 .264 .447 .329 .339 .326 . 345 .488 .376 .328 .269 .270 .393 .355 15.37 12.51 23.00 12.83 21.41 16.32 16.68 16.20 16. 73 23.08 18.31 15. 51 13.72 12.93 19.37 17.40 15.42 11.32 18. 39 12.22 17.77 11.61 14.72 12.37 12.98 15.17 13.23 12.47 11.97 8.92 13.51 13.91 3 1 4 1 11 3 6 1 3 1 5 1 3 46 6 C1) 10 0 17 6 G 0 6 0 9 0) 6 75 57 0 5.9 0 5.8 5.3 4.7 0 4.0 0 4.6 0 5.0 5.2 48 3 0 52.8 0 47.8 49.7 48.7 0) 48.6 0 50.5 0 49.0 49.4 47.7 0) 50.9 0) 41.4 38.6 32.8 0 33.4 0 37.7 0) 26.4 40.1 98.8 53.9 81.2 .362 0 .282 0 .407 .221 .276 0 .448 0) .280 0 .377 .326 17.48 0 14 89 0 19. 45 10.98 13.44 0 21. 77 0) 14.14 0 18.47 16 10 17.27 0 14.38 0 16.87 8.52 9.06 0 14.94 0 10.56 0 9.96 13.06 3 2 2 3 19 4 2 4 5 2 10 5 6 4 6 77 18 6 7 4 43 10 2 33 16 3 38 13 12 18 24 247 5.8 5.3 6.0 5.8 5.4 4.5 5.5 4.4 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.2 5.3 4.8 5.0 5.1 48.6 55.3 50 0 49.3 47.8 49.3 50.3 49.9 48.3 46.8 48.4 47.7 51.2 48.9 19.5 49.0 45.1 48.5 42.4 48.1 41.0 28.3 47.8 34.7 37.4 28.7 39. 2 40.2 41.0 34.9 32.5 38.4 92.8 87.8 84.8 97.6 85.8 57.4 95.0 69.5 77.4 61.3 81.0 84.3 80.1 71.4 65.7 78.4 .357 231 .208 .290 .339 .327 .335 .249 .221 .406 .329 .283 .281 .209 .325 .297 17.35 12.77 10.40 14.30 16.20 16.12 16.85 12.43 10.67 19.00 15.92 13.50 14.39 10.22 16.09 14.55 16.11 11.21 8.80 13.97 13.91 9.26 16.00 8.62 8.27 11.65 12.89 11.40 11.54 7.29 10.57 11.38 1 2 3 17 1 1 8 1 34 0 0 6.0 5.7 5.5 0 0 5.6 0 5.6 0 54.0 50.4 48.2 0) 0) 44.2 0 46.9 0 53.6 46.6 40.7 0 0 42.9 0 42.7 0 .554 .386 .534 0 0 .715 0) .592 0 29.92 19.45 25.74 0) 0) 31.60 0 27.76 0 29.68 17.98 21.75 0 0 30.66 0 25.30 0 5 16 76 0) 0) 74 0 176 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 96.4 86.6 77.7 67.4 68.7 74.7 99.3 92.5 84.4 97.1 91-. 0 61 GENERAL TABLES A*— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le F ITTIN G AND STITCH IN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Per Aver Aver cent age age of full full hours time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week worked week Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week Fancy stitchers, female: Illinois.................................. . Kentucky................................ Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan................................. Minnesota............................. Missouri.................................. New Hampshire................. New Jersey............... ......... New York..... ....................... Ohio........................................ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee------ ---------- --------Wisconsin------ ------- ----------- 5 3 8 5 47 3 4 9 7 2 17 7 9 4 9 293 53 176 108 1,065 12 25 392 141 5 559 291 140 78 148 5.5 5.3 5.7 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.6 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.1 5.1 5.2 4.6 5.4 49.6 52.0 53.5 48.5 47.9 49.4 49.9 49.2 48.4 49.1 48.6 47.8 51.3 48.8 48.9 48.7 45.8 47.4 48.4 40.8 39.2 48.6 39.9 36.8 35.8 40.0 42.1 44.4 33.8 39.5 98.2 $0.245 $12.15 .242 12.58 88.1 88.6 .315 16.85 99.8 .192 9.31 85.2 .347 16.62 79.4 .299 14.77 97.4 .282 14.07 81.1 .265 13.04 76.0 .310 15.00 72.9 .596 29.26 . 326 15.84 82.3 88.1 .275 13.15 .236 12.11 86.5 69.3 .204 9.96 .361 17.65 80.8 $11.93 11.08 14.96 9.31 14.16 11.74 13.69 10.56 11.39 21.30 13.02 11.56 10.47 6.90 14.26 Total................................— 139 3,486 5.3 48.9 41.8 85.5 .301 14.72 12.59 Backstay stitchers (including back strappers), female: Illinois_______________ _____ Kentucky.......................... . Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia-------Massachusetts.................. — Michigan.................. .............. Minnesota....................... ....... Missouri........................ ......... New Hampshire____ ______ New Jersey---- --------- ---------New York............................... Ohio.......................... .............. Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee........................... . Wisconsin----------- -------------- 3 2 4 3 19 4 3 3 6 2 6 0 6 3 7 14 2 8 5 49 8 6 20 17 3 30 16 9 31 5.8 5.5 5.4 6.0 5.7 4.6 5.2 5.4 4.5 5.3 4.5 4.8 4.9 5.4 5.4 48.3 53.5 51.5 49.5 47.9 49.4 50.6 50.0 4S.4 49.7 48.1 47.5 51.7 51.0 49.6 45.2 47.5 37.5 50.4 41.9 32.5 45.9 43.8 32.0 39.3 33.2 35.4 39.7 42.1 35.9 93.6 92.2 72.8 101.8 87.5 65.8 90.7 87.6 66.1 79.1 69.0 74.5 76.8 82.5 72.4 .429 .178 .292 .274 .372 .320 .237 .237 .230 .355 .377 .304 .323 .221 .326 20.72 9.17 15.04 13. 56 17.82 15.81 14.52 13.85 11.13 17.64 18.13 14.44 16.70 11.27 16.17 19.42 8.47 10.97 13.78 15.57 30. 40 33. 36 30.37 7.38 13.96 12.53 10.75 12.84 9.32 11.69 Total.................... ............... 77 223 5.2 49.0 38.8 79.2 .326 15.97 12.64 Table workers, male: Massachusetts________ _____ New Hampshire___________ Tennessee...................... ......... 4 1 1 5 5.8 0 0 48.0 86.5 .343 P> 0 16.46 0 0 14.24 0) 6 8 5.6 47.3 41.5 P> 0. 39.2 82.9 .324 15.33 12.70 Table workers, female: Illinois..................................... Kentucky........................... . Maine................................. Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts.................... . Michigan..................... .......... Minnesota........ ..................... Missouri.................. ............... New Hampshire____ ______ New Jersey______ _________ New York............... ............... Ohio....................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee.............................. Wisconsin.............................. 4 3 6 5 45 2 4 8 5 2 18 7 8 3 8 42 11 10 27 436 10 8 97 22 7 119 72 99 5 42 5.6 5.8 5.3 5.1 5.3 5.4 4.9 5.4 5.0 5.7 5.2 5.6 5.3 5.2 5.6 49.0 52.4 51.6 50.2 47.7 50.0 50.2 48.4 48.1 50.1 47.4 48.8 50.6 52.0 48.8 51.2 51.1 39.3 42.9 39.0 46.5 37.4 44.0 38.6 44.4 40.3 45.0 44.6 44.1 40.8 104.5 97.5 76.2 85.5 81.8 93.0 74.5 90.9 80.2 88.6 85.0 92.2 88.1 84.8 83.6 .248 .173 .268 .178 .251 .202 .249 .249 .267 .264 .274 .257 .207 .227 .289 12.15 9.07 13.83 8.94 11.97 10.10 12.50 12.05 12.84 13.23 12.99 12.54 10.47 11.80 14.10 12.72 8.86 10.52 7.64 9.79 9.38 9.32 10.95 10.29 11.70 11.06 11.57 9.24 10.00 11.79 Total............................ ....... 128 1,007 5.3 48.4 41.5 85.7 .248 12.00 10.29 Total................................. 5 0 0 0 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total, 153800°—33------5 62 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le F ITTIN G AND STITCHIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Lacers (before lasting), male: Illinois........................ ........ Maine—.................... ......... Massachusetts.................... Missouri..................... ........ New Hampshire............. Ohio.................................... Pennsylvania..................... Wisconsin........................... Total............................... Lacers (before lasting), female: Illinois................................ Kentucky........................... Maine.............................. — Maryland and Virginia___ Massachusetts___________ Michigan............................ Minnesota---- ----------------Missouri............................. New Hampshire_________ New Jersey.................... New York______ ________ Ohio..................... .............. Pennsylvania..................... Tennessee................... ........ Wisconsin........................... Total................................ Num ber of estab lish ments 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 13 4 3 5 4 22 4 4 6 6 1 14 6 7 4 6 96 Num ber of wage earners 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 5 2 4 Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week 0) 0) 5.4 (0 5.5 5.3 V) Aver Per Aver Aver Aver cent Aver age age age age full age full hours of full earn time amount time actually time earn actually hours worked hours ings per ings earned per in week actually hour per in week week worked week <*> 0) 0) 48.0 0) 48.0 40.1 0) 0) 38.1 0) 41.0 45.8 85.4 99.3 .423 .382 20.30 17.01 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 79.4 $0,341 $10.37 0) 0) b 0) 0) 0) (*) 0) $12.98 0) 17.33 17.40 (l) (0 17 5.5 48.0 43.1 89.8 .351 10.85 15.10 6 5.8 5.7 5.3 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.0 4.0 4.9 0) 4.0 5.0 4.9 4.7 5.1 5.1 49.0 54.3 53.0 49.2 47.7 49.5 49.0 49.8 48.5 0) 48.3 47.0 51.1 50.0 49.5 49.1 49.5 51.7 44.4 45.7 41.4 38.5 40.0 37.7 37.0 0) 30.5 40.2 39.3 35.7 32.0 39.5 101.0 95.2 83.8 92.9 80.8 77.8 80.0 75.7 77.5 .329 .152 .234 .259 .332 .237 .250 .220 .340 0) .312 .304 .270 .219 .331 .291 10.12 8.25 12.40 12.74 15.84 11.73 12.70 11.25 10.78 (0 15.07 14.29 14.10 10.95 10.38 14.29 10.20 7.88 10.40 11.83 13.70 9.11 10.22 8.52 12.98 0) 11.39 12.25 10.85 7.84 10.80 11.52 94.3 $0,309 $18.08 95.2 .307 10.07 80.0 .403 24.17 85.3 .251 12.32 89.7 .485 23.47 08.8 .448 22.22 100.8 .270 13.31 88.7 .381 18.90 03.2 .334 10.27 70.5 .494 23.12 90.4 .415 19.51 .410 20.01 87.9 84.3 .284 14.05 72.8 .350 17.75 81.7 .408 20.48 80.9 .403 19.75 $17.03 15.85 20.80 10.51 21.00 15.29 13.44 10.70 10.30 17.70 17.00 17.57 12.37 12.91 10.71 17.10 3 8 6 29 5 4 12 8 0) 24 10 10 6 11 143 75.0 85.5 70.9 71.4 05.9 80.4 LASTING DEPARTM ENT Last pickers or sorters (including last casers), male: Illinois...............................— Kentucky................................ Maine.................. - ................ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts....................... . Michigan............................... Minnesota.................. ............ Missouri................................. New Hampshire.................... New Jersey.......... ................. New York.................. .......... Ohio....................................... Pennsylvania.................. ....... Tennessee............................... Wisconsin.............................. Total................................... Assemblers for pulling-over ma chine, male: Illinois.................................... Kentucky............................... Maine............... .................... Maryland and Virginia......... Massachusetts....................... Michigan............................... Minnesota.............................. Missouri................................ New Hampshire___________ New Jersey______ _________ New York............. ............... Ohio........................ .............. Pennsylvania________ ____ _ Tennessee....... ...................... W is co n sin ______________ Total....... ........................... 5 3 7 5 31 3 4 8 0 2 15 7 9 4 8 117 12 0 9 9 58 0 5 20 9 3 50 19 18 7 11 248 5.5 5.7 0.0 5.3 5.7 4.7 5.8 5.3 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.3 4.7 5.0 5.4 49.0 54.3 52.2 49.1 48.4 49.0 49.3 49.0 48.7 40.8 47.0 48.1 51.0 50.7 50.2 49.0 40.2 51.7 44.9 41.9 43.4 34.1 49.7 44.0 30.8 35.8 42.5 42.3 43.5 30.9 41.0 42.0 4 3 8 0 45 4 3 9 7 3 17 7 9 4 9 138 39 8 22 21 171 8 0 71 15 10 75 43 35 14 30 574 5.9 5.3 5.8 5.7 5.0 4.9 5.7 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.8 5.1 4.7 4.8 5.4 5.3 48.8 52.8 52.8 48.8 48.4 49.4 49.8 49.4 48.5 40.0 48.3 48.0 52.4 49.0 50.2 49.1 40.0 40.4 39.3 41.0 40.1 34.8 44.8 38.2 34.1 33.7 34.3 38.2 33.3 35.0 35.8 38.4 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 94.3 87.9 74.4 84.0 82.9 70.4 90.0 77.3 70.3 72.3 71.0 79.0 03.5 71.8 71.3 78.2 .420 .325 .487 .320 .551 .474 .423 .401 .403 .490 .554 .405 .302 .322 .472 .471 20.79 17.10 25.71 15.91 20.07 23.42 21.07 19.81 22.40 22.83 20.70 19.44 18.97 15.97 23.09 23.13 19.00 15.00 19.15 13.38 22.11 10.48 18.94 15.33 15.78 10.49 18.97 15.49 12.07 11.49 10.87 18.09 Ge n e r a l 63 tables Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982%by department, occupation, sex, and Stated-Con. T a b l e A*— LASTIN G DEPAETM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Per Aver Aver cent age age of full full hours time actually time hours worked hours actually per week in week worked Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week Assemblers for pulling-over ma chine, female: Tllirmis Massachusetts ..... . , New Hampshire____________ New York_________________ 1 8 4 3 8 11 12 12 5.5 5.6 5.1 5.1 50.0 48.0 48.3 49.5 48.9 41.3 35.4 42.5 97.8 $0,192 86.0 .469 73.3 .354 85.9 .324 $9.60 22.51 17.10 16.04 $9.41 19.38 12.53 13.76 43 5.3 48.9 41.4 84.7 .339 16.58 14.05 4 6 0) 5.6 0) 5.0 4.0 0) 49.3 0) 52.5 49.0 0) 42.8 0) 45.0 33.2 85.7 67.8 0) .542 0) .483 .711 0) 26.72 0 25.36 34.84 0) 23.24 0) 21.74 23.62 Total.............................. ...... 16 Pullers over, hand, male: Tllinnis Massachusetts___ Michigan , _ . ___ ___ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ 1 3 1 1 2 Total .. . _________ _____ 8 22 5.1 49.7 41.6 83.7 .570 28.33 23.71 5 3 8 6 44 4 4 9 7 3 18 7 9 4 9 39 7 23 20 168 8 7 78 30 5 90 41 39 13 40 5.8 5.4 6.0 5.7 5.6 4.9 5.6 4.9 5.1 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.5 49.1 52.7 52.8 48.8 48.4 49.4 49.6 49.4 48.3 45.7 48.5 47.8 52.2 48.8 50.1 48.6 47.3 46.2 40.3 40.7 35.3 43.4 38.8 36.4 28.0 36.3 37.1 39.7 37.8 36.1 99.0 89.8 87.5 82.6 84.1 71.5 87.5 78.5 75.4 61.3 74.8 77.6 76.1 77.5 72.1 .501 .435 .620 .398 .671 .527 .445 .525 .517 .754 .631 .586 .448 .477 .560 24.60 22.92 32.74 19.42 32.48 26.03 22.07 25.94 24.97 34.46 30.60 28.01 23.39 23.28 28.06 24.31 20.58 28.61 16.04 27.29 18.61 19.31 20.34 18.82 21.08 22.91 21.76 17.79 18.01 20.20 140 598 5.3 49.1 39.5 80.4 .576 28.28 22.77 5.0 0) 5.6 4.5 5.0 4.8 0) 48.0 (0 48.0 50.0 49.7 44.2 0) 43.5 90.6 0) 43.1 ’ ""89.8 39.1 78.2 42.1 84.7 33.3 75.3 0) .669 0) .654 .349 .507 .508 0 32.11 0 31.39 17.45 25.20 22.45 0 29.11 (0 28.19 13.64 21.35 16.91 0 Pullers over, machine, male: Illinois.............. — — ............ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York!________________ Ohio______________________ Pflnnsylvfvnifl ....... Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin_________________ Total, ______ 0) 0) 9 Side lasters, hand, male: 1 Illinois___ __________ _______ 4 1 Maryland and Virginia (0 7 28 Massachusetts-., 1 Missouri___________________ 4 6 New Jersey________________ 4 New York_________________ 59 1 Wisconsin_________________ 0) 86.8 17 105 5.0 46.1 36.9 80.0 .559 25.77 20.66 Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey........ - ................... New York_________________ Ohio______________________ Pennsylvania, Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 3 8 6 36 4 3 8 7 2 15 7 9 4 7 58 11 41 27 203 10 5 96 34 4 115 56 40 16 41 5.9 5.5 6.0 5.6 5.7 4.7 4.6 4.8 5.2 4.8 4.7 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.6 49.3 52.9 53.0 49.1 46.2 49.8 49.1 49.4 48.4 44.0 48.8 47.9 51.4 48.8 50.0 49.9 49.1 47.5 41.1 41.7 37.4 34.9 38.6 37.2 27.8 34.7 40.5 39.2 38.0 37.8 101.2 92.8 89.6 83.7 90.3 75.1 70.2 78.1 76.9 63.2 71.1 84.6 76.3 77.9 75.6 .424 .368 .517 .380 .627 .504 .417 .516 .442 .704 .581 .531 .417 .427 .485 20.90 19.47 27.40 18.66 28.97 25.10 20.72 25.49 21.39 30.98 28.35 25.43 21.43 20.84 24.25 21.15 18.06 24.54 15.62 26.13 18.86 14.57 19.92 16.44 19.52 20.19 21.48 16.36 16.23 18.34 Total..................................... 124 757 5.3 48.6 40.4 83.1 .529 25.71 21.35 Total................................. 3ide lasters, machine, male: Illinois____________________ K entucky________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts..... . ,, .. Michigan________________ _ Minnesota_______ ____ _ i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 64 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average fulltime and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sea?, and &£a£e— Con. T a b l e A .— LASTING DEPARTM ENT—Continued Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age of full full hours time actually time hours worked hours actually per week in week worked Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Bed-machine operators, male: Illinois................................ Kentucky........................... Maine................................. Maryland and Virginia— Massachusetts............. — Michigan......................— Minnesota.......................... Missouri........... ................. New Hampshire................. New Jersey______________ New York------- -------------Ohio........... ........... ......... . Pennsylvania—.................. Tennessee_______________ Wisconsin........................... 5 3 8 6 40 4 3 8 7 2 17 7 9 4 9 106 18 58 51 372 25 13 144 74 9 212 75 66 33 99 5.8 5.3 5.8 5.6 5.7 4.6 5.6 4.9 5.1 4.8 4.9 5.1 4.9 5.1 5.4 49.1 53.5 52.4 48.7 48.2 49.5 50.0 49.5 48.4 44.0 48.6 47.5 52.3 49.4 49.9 49.2 48.0 44.9 39.8 41.2 35.1 45.2 40.0 37.8 34.2 37.4 39.2 39.7 39.0 35.7 132 1,355 5.3 49.1 40.4 (0 9 55 2 (1} 0 11 10 (0 5.8 5.3 5.5 W 0 5.9 5.5 0 54.0 49.8 51.3 W 0 50.0 49.0 (0 51.3 40.5 49.5 0 0 53.9 30.7 18 90 5.4 50.1 41.9 1 5 1 1 1 5 1 2 1 5 108 8 16 0) 292 0 101 8 5.6 4.7 4.9 4.5 0 5.7 0 4.5 3.8 18 541 TotalHand-method lasting-machine operators, male: Illinois..................- ................. Maine________ _____ ______ Massachusetts........................ Minnesota___________ ____ New Hampshire___________ New York_________ _______ Ohio........................................ Wisconsin...................... ......... Total.. Turn lasters, hand (including first and second lasters), male: Maryland and Virginia-------Massachusetts.......... . . .......... Minnesota_____ ___________ Missouri.................. _........... .. New Jersey............................. New Y ork ............. . ........... . Ohio...................................... . Pennsylvania............. ............ Wisconsin............................... Total.. Turn lasters, machine, male: New Jersey...................... New York....................... Pennsylvania.......- ......... TotalTurn sewers, male: Massachusetts. _ Minnesota____ Missouri............ New Jersey....... New York......... Ohio.................. Pennsylvania— Wisconsin......... Total.- 1 1 9 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 Num ber of wage earners 16 $21.53 16.52 22.06 14.72 24.56 15.71 22.47 18.88 16.62 25.10 21.22 20.49 17.19 15.64 18.79 .515 25.29 20.78 95.0 81.3 96.5 0 .435 .600 .265 0 23.49 29.88 13.59 107.8 62.7 0 .531 .412 0 26.55 20.19 0) 22.34 24.28 13.14 0 0 28.66 12.66 83.6 .546 27.35 22.89 49.5 49.6 48.0 50.0 0) 44.2 0 48.0 48.0 42.2 85.3 33.2 66.9 33.4 69.6 37.5 75.0 ______ 0 52.4 118.6 0 31.9 66.5 54.2 26.0 .753 .538 .295 .497 0 .552 0 .558 .315 37.27 26.68 14.16 24.85 0 24.40 0 26.78 15.12 31.78 17.86 9.86 18.62 0) 28.97 0 17.81 8.20 5.2 46.4 43.5 93.8 .546 25.33 23.79 0) 3.5 il) 4 0 48.0 0 0 25.5 53.1 0 0 .529 0 0 25.39 0 0 13.48 7 4.4 47.5 34.3 72.2 .684 32.49 23.46 6 49.3 0 0 0) 44.3 0 48.0 0 37.3 0 0 0 33.8 0 33.4 0 75.7 16 0) 6 0) 5.2 0 0 0 4.5 (0 4.5 0 .668 0 0 0 .907 0 .698 0 32.93 0 0 0 40.18 0 33.50 0 24.94 0 0 0 30.68 0 23.33 0 35 4.7 46.8 34.6 73.9 .750 35.10 25.94 0 0 0 0 0 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 100.2 $0,438 $21.51 .344 18.40 89.7 .492 25.78 85.7 81.7 .370 18.02 85.5 .596 28.73 70.9 .448 22.18 90.4 .497 24.85 .472 23.56 80.8 78.1 .439 21.25 .734 32.30 77.7 .567 27.56 77.0 82.5 .523 24.84 75.9 .433 22.65 78.9 .401 19.81 71.5 .526 26.25 82.3 3 5 1 1 1 4 1 2 1 Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned per in week hour week 76.3 69.6 65 GENERAL TABLES Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— C on. T a b l e A .— LASTIN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Tack pullers, hand and machine, male: Illinois.................................... Kentucky................................ Maine............................ ......... Maryland and Virginia........ Massachusetts........................ Michigan................................. Minnesota.................. ............. Missouri................................ New Hampshire—............... — New York..................... ......... Ohio..................... ............... Pennsylvania..... .................... Tennessee................................ Wisconsin................................ Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Per Aver Aver age cent age of full full hours time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week worked week Aver Aver age Aver age age full earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners 5 3 6 6 31 3 3 8 6 17 6 9 4 7 14 7 16 12 78 4 4 24 12 72 18 31 10 15 5.9 5.3 6.0 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.8 5.3 5.0 4.8 5.2 5.0 4.9 5.5 49.0 53.1 52.5 49.1 48.2 49.4 50.1 48.9 48.2 47.8 48.4 52.2 50.5 50.6 46.2 46.2 44.9 43.5 37.2 31.6 48.7 41.8 38.5 34.3 40.4 37.1 38.2 39. & 94.3 $0,300 $14.70 .249 13.22 87.0 .376 19.74 85.5 .210 10.31 88.6 .399 19.23 77.2 .429 21.19 64.0 97.2 .268 13.43 .313 15.31 .85.5 .324 15.62 79.9 .411 19.65 71.8 .396 19.17 83.5 .256 13.36 71.1 .237 11.97 75.6 .384 19.43 78.9 $13.87 11. 50 16.86 9.14 14.86 13.55 13.04 13.10 12.48 14.12 15.98 9.51 9.04 15.33 5.3 49.2 38.6 78.5 .352 17.32 13.57 12.23 0) 0) 15. 38 11.04 0) 0) 8.83 14.07 10.52 $32.89 24.35 26.24 20.28 30.53 19.00 21.80 16.72 21.59 27.31 21.84 25.16 20.57 18.28 17.93 114 317 Tack pullers, hand and machine, female: Missouri.................................. New Hampshire____ _______ Ohio____________ _________ Wisconsin................................ 2 1 1 3 3 5.0 85.3 49.3 0) 0) 49.3 44.4 (») 0) 28.3 90.1 86 57.4 .248 0) C1) .312 Total.......... ......................... 7 12 5.3 49.2 36.7 74.6 .286 Total.............................. . BO TTO M IN G DEPABTM EN T Goodyear welters (including inseamers), male: Illinois. ................. ............. . Kentucky............................... Maine.................... ................ Maryland and Virginia........ Massachusetts_____ _______ Michigan................... ............ Minnesota_____ ____ _______ Missouri. .................... .......... New Hampshire..................... New Jersey............................. New York............................... O h io - .................................... Pennsylvania....................... Tennessee................................ Wisconsin............................... 2 1 5 5 19 4 3 3 6 3 15 6 9 4 7 15 3 9 13 81 7 3 17 20 5 75 19 27 13 29 5.5 5.0 6.0 5.8 5.6 5.0 5.7 5.0 4.8 4.8 4.4 4.8 5.3 5.2 5.5 48.0 53.0 51.0 48.7 47.9 49.3 50.2 49.8 48.5 47.4 48.6 47.6 51.9 49.2 50.0 36.9 41.2 34.4 41.4 37.9 30.9 46.0 36.8 36.5 33.7 31.1 36.3 38.3 39.3 33.3 76.9 $0,891 $42. 77 77.7 .591 31.32 .762 38.86 67.5 85.0 .490 23.86 79.1 .806 38.61 62.7 .614 30.27 91.6 .474 23.79 73.9 .454 •22.61 75.3 .591 28.66 71.1 .811 38.44 64.0 .702 34.12 76.3 .693 32.99 73.8 .537 27.87 79.9 .465 22.88 66.6 .539 26.95 336 5.1 48.9 35.7 73.0 .668 32.67 23.87 5 5 6 31 3 6 8 3 25 14 11 6 9 5.8 0) 6.0 5.5 5.6 5.0 4.8 5.3 4.7 4.6 4.9 5.1 4.7 5.6 48.0 <*) 51.8 49.0 48.0 49.2 49.7 48.8 46.8 48.9 47.8 52.0 50.0 50.1 41.6 86.7 ______ 0) 36.7 70.8 40.8 83.3 38.9 81.0 29.9 60.8 37.3 75.1 32.4 66.4 33.5 71.6 33.9 69.3 36.8 77.0 38.0 73.1 35.9 71.8 33.1 66.1 .528 C1) .437 .359 .402 .468 .338 .418 .479 .432 .432 .357 .282 .373 25.34 0) 22.64 17.59 19.30 23.03 16.80 20.40 22.42 21.12 20.65 18.56 14.10 18.69 21.99 (9 16.05 14.64 15.63 14.01 12.61 13.54 16.06 14.63 15.91 13.58 10.11 12.34 134 5.2 49.1 36.6 .404 19.84 14.76 Total................................... 92 Welt beaters and slashers, male: Illinois. ^................................. Kentucky................................ Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan............. .................. Missouri.................................. New Hampshire..................... New Jersey............................. New York............................... O hio....................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee............ .................. Wisconsin............................... 2 1 5 5 19 3 3 6 3 13 6 7 4 5 Total.................................... 82 (0 » For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 74.5 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY 66 A*— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1988, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le B O TTO M IN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Bottom fillers, hand and machine, male: ......... Illinois................... Kentucky......... .......... .......... Maine..................................... Maryland and Virginia....... — Massachusetts......................... Michigan_____ ____________ Minnesota.________________ Missouri-................... ............ New Hampshire..................... New Jersey________________ New York_______ _________ Ohio______________ ________ Pennsylvania._____ _________ T e n n e sse e ._______________ Wisconsin................... .......... Total..................................... 103 Bottom fillers, hand and machine, female: Illinois ,, , M ^ in e............................. Maryland and Virginia_____ Missouri___________________ New York______ Wisconsin_________________ Total..................................... 1 1 1 1 1 2 7 Roughers for cement, male: Illinois________________ ____ Kentucky__________________ Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... M issouri-.................. ............. New Hampshire____________ New York............................... Ohio........................................ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee. . . . Wisconsin........................... . 4 3 5 5 29 2 3 4 6 3 14 7 9 4 5 Num ber of wage earners 10 4 11 8 40 2 4 13 9 4 32 16 12 7 9 181 5.8 5.5 5.9 5.3 5.7 5.0 5.5 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.5 5.3 5.4 4.9 5.7 5.3 0) 0) 0) 0) Aver Aver Aver Per age Aver age cent Aver age full age age full of fullhours earn time amount time time ings earn actually hours actually hours ings earned per worked actually per per in week week in week worked hour week 49.0 54.0 53.0 48.8 48.2 50.0 49.6 49.5 48.2 48.3 48.6 48.1 52.1 50.7 51.1 49.4 47.7 50.3 49.1 38.0 41.5 33.2 44.8 42.6 39.3 41.1 32.7 42.1 41.4 36.4 40.4 40.5 97.3 $0.340 $16.66 93.1 .290 15.66 92.6 .353 18.71 77.9 .257 12.54 86.1 .385 18.56 66.4 .353 17.65 90.3 .343 17.01 86.1 .346 17.13 81.5 .338 16.29 85.1 .409 19.75 67.3 .376 18.27 87.5 .395 19.00 79.5 .326 16.98 71.8 .256 12.98 79.1 .374 19.11 82.0 .356 17.59 $16.21 14.58 17.34 9.78 15.97 11.71 15.36 14.73 13.31 16.84 12.32 16.64 13. 51 9.31 15.13 14.45 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 21.4 36.2 0) 0) 0) (1) 0) .391 .280 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 18.89 13.86 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 8.37 10.14 14.88 0) 19.66 16.70 24.68 18.00 0) 21.81 24.45 0) 0) 19.15 16.16 0) 18.20 14.54 19.45 14.13 0) 17.96 23.35 0) 0) 23.30 14 5.1 5.6 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 48.3 49.5 3 1 4 2 11 2 1 5 3 1 1 1 10 0) 11 9 17 6 0) 22 7 0) 0) 5 6.0 0) 6.0 5.8 5.5 4.7 0) 4.9 5.6 0) 0) 6.0 49.6 0) 54.0 49.7 48.1 48.0 0) 48.9 49.8 0) 0) 48.0 53.9 0) 50.0 43.3 37.9 37.6 0) 40.3 47.5 0) 0) 58.4 121.7 .300 0) .364 .336 .513 .375 0) .446 .491 0) 0) .399 Total...................... .............. 35 92 5.4 49.7 44.2 88.9 .400 19.88 17.66 Roughers for cement, female: Illinois .................................... Massachusetts_______ ______ Wisconsin................................ Total........................... ......... 1 2 1 4 3 2 50.0 47.5 0) 48.8 54.3 45.0 '») 48.9 108.6 94.7 6 6.0 5.5 0) 5.7 .183 .324 0) .235 9.15 15.39 0) 11.47 9.95 14.60 0) 11.49 5 4 10 13 33 0) 2 8 12 2 30 23 16 8 17 184 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.7 5.5 0) 5.0 5.3 5.2 5.0 4.5 5.3 5.3 4.5 5.8 5.3 48.0 56.5 52.0 48.7 48.2 0) 51.3 49.0 48.2 48.3 48.8 48.2 51.8 50.0 49.2 49.3 42.4 53.0 42.2 44.0 39.1 0) 41.3 41.0 35.7 38.3 33.4 41.5 39.9 32.6 47.2 39.7 88.3 93.8 81.2 90.3 81.1 .339 .189 .283 .253 .332 0) .250 .327 .276 .230 .404 .388 .288 .347 .274 .321 16.27 10.68 14.72 12.32 16.00 0) 12.83 16.02 13.30 11.11 19.72 18.70 14.92 17.35 13.48 15.83 14.36 10.01 11.94 11.12 12.96 0) 10.33 13.39 9.83 8.79 13.50 16.11 11.47 11.32 12.22 12.75 Sole cementers, hand and ma chine (including bottom ce menters), male: Illinois..................................... Kentucky................... ............ Maine—.............................. . Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts......................... Michigan Minnesota_______ ______ — Missouri______ ____________ New Hampshire_____ ______ New Jersey.............................. New York.................. ............. Ohio.......................... .............. Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee................................ Wisconsin................................ Total..................................... 1 2 5 6 22 1 2 5 5 2 12 7 9 4 6 89 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week 7 0) 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 44.3 73.1 108.7 92.6 87.1 78.8 78.3 82.4 95.4 100.2 80.5 83.7 74.1 79.3 68.4 86.1 77.0 65.2 95.9 80.5 67 GENERAL TABLES Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b l e A .— BO TTO M IN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Sole cementers, hand and ma chine (including bottom ce menters), female: Illinois __ _ _ ___ Maine_____________ ____ ___ Maryland svnd Virginia Massachusetts______________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New York_________________ Ohio.................... —.............. Tennessee ______ Wisconsin_________________ Total.................................... Sole layers, hand and machine, male: Illinois Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio______________________ Pennsylvania___ __________ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin_________________ Total..................................... Bough rounders, male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota______________ __ Missouri.__________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio______________________ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin__________________ Total..................................... Channel openers and closers (in cluding cnannel layers, channel turners, channel cementers and lip turners), male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and V ir g in ia _______ Massachusetts______________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio........................................ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin__________________ Total.................................... Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Per Aver Aver cent age age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week worked week 3 4 2 13 4 3 5 2 1 3 40 14 11 7 27 15 9 18 11 0) 7 121 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.0 5.1 5.5 5.3 0) 5.9 5.5 49.6 53.6 49.8 47.6 48.4 48.4 48.9 49.6 0) 48.3 49.0 53.1 46.8 46.3 35.3 39.9 32.1 43.7 48.8 0) 40.8 42.1 4 2 5 9 4 7 7 92 5.9 5.5 5.9 5.1 5.5 4.7 5.7 4.7 5.1 4.7 4.5 4.8 5.4 4.8 5.5 5.2 49.1 51.5 51.9 48.9 48.8 49.6 50.2 49.7 48.6 46.8 48.3 47.2 51.8 50.0 49.7 49.1 44.5 46.4 38.6 38.4 39.9 36.4 45.8 38.6 34.4 32.5 29.2 36.5 37.8 34.2 31.3 37.3 5.8 <*) 5.8 5.8 5.6 4.8 5.7 4.7 5.2 5.0 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.1 5.5 5.2 51.5 48.8 48.0 49.5 50.2 49.7 48.4 46.8 48.7 47.6 52.6 49.4 50.3 49.2 35.2 42.6 37.7 35.5 48.2 37.2 37.6 27.0 30.1 36.4 37.2 38.1 33.5 35.7 68.3 87.3 78.5 71.7 96.0 74.8 77.7 57.7 61.8 76.5 70.7 7-7.1 66.6 72.6 5.6 5.5 5.8 5.7 5.7 48.4 51.5 52.8 48.2 48.3 40.7 45.8 47.4 37.0 42.0 84.1 88.9 89.8 76.8 87.0 5 42 4 3 5 6 3 14 7 9 3 5 117 2 1 4 5 20 4 3 6 3 19 10 3 34 23 18 5 10 250 9 0) 9 4 6 90 6 8 44 5 3 21 11 3 46 19 24 8 19 228 4 2 5 3 33 1 6 7 2 13 4 8 3 4 95 11 4 13 10 65 0) 24 9 3 48 16 16 6 13 240 6 5 2 14 5 (9 5.0 5.3 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.1 4.8 5.7 5.3 48.0 38.0 0) 0) 0) 49.4 48.4 44.0 48.7 48.8 51.8 50.0 50.5 49.2 0) 41.5 32.7 29.0 31.4 39.5 36.9 36.7 34.3 38.2 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. AverAver Aver age age m s. earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 107.1 $0,209 $10.37 87.3 .193 10.34 93.0 . 171 8.52 74.2 .416 19.80 82.4 .287 13.89 66.3 .211 10.21 89.4 .280 13.69 98.4 .227 11.26 0) 0) 84.5 .347 16.76 85.9 .276 13.52 $11.11 9.02 7.93 14.69 11.43 6.79 12.21 11.07 0) 14.13 11.60 90.6 90.1 74.4 78.5 81.8 73.4 91.2 77.7 70.8 69.4 60.5 77.3 73.0 68.4 63.0 76.0 .516 .364 .420 .333 .513 .508 .418 .490 .420 .614 .579 .522 .402 .360 .486 .492 25.34 18. 75 21.80 16.28 25.03 25.20 20.98 24.35 20.41 28.74 27.97 24.64 20.82 18.00 24.15 24.16 22.94 16.87 16.19 12.81 20.43 18.46 19.18 18.93 14.45 19.94 16.87 19.04 15.20 12.32 15.24 18.35 79.2 .803 0) .571 .408 .690 .592 .431 .522 .566 .854 .688 .558 .508 .527 .554 .602 38.54 (l) 29.41 19.91 33.12 29.30 21.64 25.94 27.39 39.97 33.51 26.56 26.72 26.03 27.87 29.62 20.07 17.39 26.01 21.00 20.76 19.42 21.28 23.07 20.67 20.31 18.86 20.11 18.59 21.51 .433 .201 .435 .264 .382 0) .401 .385 .471 .337 .387 .336 .383 .328 .369 20.96 10.35 22.97 12.72 18.45 0) 19. 81 18.63 20.72 16.41 18.89 17.40 19.15 16.56 18.15 17.62 9.19 20.64 9.76 16.06 0) 16.63 12.59 13.65 10.59 15.28 12.41 14.05 11.23 14.11 ”84.6’ 67.6 65.9 64.5 80.9 71.2 73.4 67.9 77.6 30.51 68 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A*— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le B O TTO M IN G DEPABTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex ,and State Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week worked week Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week Channel openers and closers (in cluding channel layers, channel turners, channel cementers and lip turners), female: TJliTllois Maine_____________________ Massachusetts_____________ Minnesota, , , . Missouri___________________ New ____ New York_________________ Wisconsin_____ -...... 2 2 11 1 3 3 6 2 4 3 17 0) 6 4 19 3 6.0 5.0 5.5 0) 3.8 5.5 4.6 5.3 50.0 52.7 47.9 (9 50.0 48.0 48.8 48.7 52.3 32.9 38.5 0) 30.6 36.5 32.6 30.0 Total____________________ 30 58 5.1 48.8 36.2 74.2 .374 18.25 13.53 3 1 5 4 3 3 6 3 15 6 9 4 6 24 3 13 18 118 8 4 33 32 6 99 28 46 17 37 5.8 5.0 5.9 5.8 5.6 4.9 5.5 4.4 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.6 48.3 53.0 51.0 48.6 48.0 49.4 49.6 49.8 48.5 46.8 48.6 47.3 52.4 49.1 50.1 41.1 44.5 40.0 43.3 39.1 37.7 45.5 33.2 37.2 34.3 30.9 35.0 39.2 37.8 35.2 85.1 84.0 78.4 89.1 81.5 76.3 91.7 66.7 76.7 73.3 63.6 74.0 74.8 77.0 70.3 .706 .665 .517 .421 .633 .639 .588 .459 .534 .714 .645 .618 .502 .503 .556 34.10 35.25 26.37 20.46 30.38 31.57 29.16 22.86 25.90 33.42 31.35 29.23 26.30 24.70 27.86 28.99 29.61 20.66 18.24 24.74 24.07 26.75 15.27 19.89 24.48 19.92 21.63 19.67 19.00 19.53 36.6 74.7 .585 28.67 21.43 51.0 102.0 Goodyear stitchers, male: _ _ ___ Tllinois__ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts_____________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York______ __________ Ohio.......................................Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 22 104.6 $0,263 $13.15 62.4 .235 12.38 80.4 .431 20.64 (9 (9 61.2 .306 15.30 76.0 .394 18.91 66.8 .416 20.30 61.6 .306 14.90 $13.78 7.73 16.61 (9 9.36 14.38 13.59 9.17 Total____________________ 95 486 5.2 49.0 McKay sewers, male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts______________ Minnesota____ ^___________ ___________________ Missouri New Hampshire______ _____ New York__________ _______ Ohio..................................... Pennsylvania______________ 3 1 1 1 25 1 4 2 3 3 2 11 0) 8 0) 57 0) 21 6 6 12 2 6.0 0) 6.0 0) 5.7 (0 5.3 4.8 5.0 5.0 6.0 50.0 0) 54.0 0) 49.1 (0 49.6 49.0 48.7 47.5 52.5 55.1 "‘ io i’ o’ (9 43.2 88.0 (9 92.9 46.1 28.5 58.2 69.6 33.9 40.2 84.6 57.0 29.9 .339 (9 .509 (9 .621 (0 .534 .545 .588 .590 .390 16.95 (9 27.49 (9 30.49 (9 26.49 26.71 28.64 28.03 20.48 17.26 (9 28.06 (9 26.78 0) 24.60 15.53 19.92 23.71 11.68 Total..................................... 46 128 5.5 49.4 43.6 .550 27.17 23.94 Sole attachers, cement, male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_______ _____ ________ Maryland and Virginia____ Massachusetts______________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New York____________ _____ Ohio__________________ ____ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee____ _____ ____ _ Wisconsin_________________ 3 1 4 2 33 2 1 6 3 1 1 2 6.0 49.7 10 6 20 9 0) 15 6 (i) (l) 4 5.8 54.0 49.7 48.3 48.0 0) 48.8 49.8 0) 0) 48.0 104.2 51.8 (9 47.0 87.6" 100.4 49.9 43.9 90.9 48.9 101.9 (9 40.4 ” ~82.~8~ 102.2 50.9 (9 (9 57.5 119.8 .353 (9 .457 .400 .559 .665 (9 .571 .459 (9 (i) .565 17.54 (0 24.68 19.88 27.00 31.92 (l) 27.86 22.86 (9 (l) 27.12 18.31 0) 21.47 19.95 24.54 32.57 0) 23.08 23.36 0) 0) 32.49 39 88 5.7 49.6 46.8 .495 24.55 23.16 Total____ 14 0) 0) 6.0 6.0 5.9 5.6 0) 5.3 5.8 0) 0) 0) 0) i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 88.3 94.4 69 GENERAL TABLES T a b l e . A . — Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per weeky average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. BO TTO M IN G DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Stitch separators (including stitch wheelers), male: TIHnnis. _ Kentucky_________________ Maine. Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts........................ Michigan ____ Missouri...... ......................... New Hampshire______ _____ New York............................... Ohio........................ ............... Pennsylvania, ....... „ .......... Tennessee Wisconsin................... ........... Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earnersi earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full of full hours time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned per in week hour week 3 1 2 2 15 2 4 4 3 3 2 2 5 W4 3 32 2 14 5 9 4 6 4 18 5.8 0) 6.0 6.0 5.6 4.0 5.0 5.0 3.8 5.3 5.2 5.0 • 5.5 48.3 0) 50.0 48.0 48.1 48.8 49.7 48.4 48.9 47.5 53.0 47.5 49.4 42 0 0) 41.5 38.7 39.0 21.3 40.6 38.7 28.0 38.3 35.9 33.8 31.9 87.0 $0,453 $21.88 0) 0) .368 18.40 83.0 80.6 .236 11.33 .471 22.66 81.1 .333 16.25 43.6 81.7 .319 15.85 .346 16.75 80.0 57.3 .485 23.72 80.6 .476 22.61 67.7 .388 20.56 71.2 .492 23.37 .393 19.41 64.6 $19.01 (0 15.28 9.14 18.40 7.08 12.94 13.37 13.56 18.24 13.94 16.61 12.53 48 no 5.3 48.9 36.7 75.1 .413 20.20 15.18 5 2 5 5 41 4 4 '7 7 3 16 7 9 4 9 20 4 10 U 82 6 6 23 9 4 82 29 25 7 19 5.9 5.5 5.9 5.5 5.7 4.5 5.7 5.3 4.7 5.0 4.9 5.3 5.3 4.9 5.2 49.2 51.5 52.5 48.5 48.6 49.6 49.8 49.6 48.4 48.3 48.8 47.9 51.8 50.7 49.6 47.9 47.5 46.7 42.0 42.7 33.6 46.5 45.0 34.0 36.6 35.3 42.1 39.4 38.6 34.5 97.4 92.2 89.0 86.6 87.9 67.7 93.4 90.7 70.2 75.8 72.3 87.9 76.1 76.1 69.6 .388 .368 .488 .305 .529 .477 .353 .450 .437 .661 .494 .508 .337 .316 .475 19.09 18.95 25.62 14.79 25.4T1 23.66 17.58 22.32 21.15 31.93 24.11 24.33 17.46 16.02 23.56 18.57 17.45 22.83 12.79 22.57 16.03 16.39 20.26 14.87 24.18 17.42 21.36 13.31 12.21 16.40 Total.......... ......................... Heelers, leather, male: Tlllnnis___________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine.,, Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts— ___________ Minhigan__________________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri.................................. New Hampshire........ ............ New Jersey________________ New York_____ _____ ______ Ohio............................- ......... Pennsylvania.................. ........ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin....................... ........ 128 337 5.3 49.2 40.3 81.9 .466 22.93 18.78 3 3 5 6 25 4 3 6 7 3 15 4 9 4 8 14 5 9 8 56 6 5 24 16 4 48 17 20 10 16 5.8 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.6 4.7 5.6 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7 5.5 5.2 5.4 48.4 53.2 51.9 49.1 48.2 49.6 50.2 49.9 48.6 46.1 48.5 47.1 52.0 50.5 50.1 43.8 50.0 41.8 41.1 39.4 37.0 44.6 41.7 34.0 31.7 33.7 31.5 40.3 41.6 34.7 90.5 94.0 80.5 83.7 81.7 74.6 88.8 83.6 70.0 68.8 69.5 66.9 77.5 82.4 69.3 .612 .393 .611 .513 .697 .598 .453 .435 .518 .682 .604 .501 .433 .473 .644 29.62 20.91 31.71 25.19 33.60 29.66 22.74 21.71 25.17 31.44 29.29 23.60 22.52 23.89 32.26 26.80 19.64 25.56 21.08 27.43 22.14 20.18 18.12 17.61 21.61 20.39 15.79 17.46 19.70 22.34 Total..................................... Heelers, wood, male: Illinois..................................... Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts.*____________ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire.................. New York_________ _____ _ Ohio........... ............................. Pennsylvania______________ Wisconsin_________________ 105 258 5.2 49.2 38.1 77.4 .570 28.04 21.69 3 2 5 4 34 2 6 2 15 5 5 2 53 8 29 17 252 3 83 2 227 83 16 13 5.8 5.3 5.9 5.4 5.6 4.7 5.0 5.5 5.3 5.1 3.9 5.9 49.9 50.8 53.9 48.9 48.8 48.0 48.7 49.0 47.0 48.9 48.9 48.0 51.2 44.3 42.7 38.4 39.7 36.6 40.0 17.3 42.3 41.1 31.8 53.8 102.6 87.2 79.2 78.5 81.4 76.3 82.1 35.3 90.0 84.0 65.0 112.1 .260 .363 .556 .360 .606 .376 .541 .829 .479 .624 .460 .660 12.97 18.44 29.97 17.60 29.57 18.05 26.35 40.62 22.51 30.51 22.49 31.68 13.33 16.05 23.74 13.82 24.06 13.75 21.63 14.30 20.27 25.61 14.59 35.49 Total..................................... 85 786 5.4 48.5 41.5 85.6 .524 25.41 21.77 TotaL................................... Levelers, male: TTHnnis Kentucky__________________ Maine. Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan............................... Minnesota_________ ____ ___ Missouri—....... .... .............. .... New Hampshire____________ New Jersey_______ _________ New York_________________ Ohio............................. ........... Pennsylvania.._____________ Tennessee....................... ........ Wisconsin_________________ 8 I 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 70 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b l e A .— BO TTO M IN G DEPABTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Heel trimmers or shavers, male: Illinois_____________________ Kentucky M aine..... . Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Minhigan _ _ . _ Minnesota Missouri___________________ New Hampshire - -New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania__ Tennessee....... ...... Wisconsin_________________ Total___ . Heel breasters, male: Illinois........ Kentucky_________________ Maine.,,. r _T . Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts_________ ____ Michigan__________________ Missouri_______ . __________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New Y ork... Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania____ ____ _____ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ Total.................................... Edge trimmers, male: Tllinnis__________ __ ______ Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________ Maryland fvnri Virginia __ Massachusetts______________ Michigan Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin................................ Total___ __ ______________ Bluggers, male: Kentucky_____ _____ ___ ___ Maine___ ____ _____________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan...... _ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York,. Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin................................ Total..................................... Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked 4 3 4 5 27 3 3 6 7 2 14 6 9 3 7 103 14 4 6 7 46 5 3 15 9 3 26 10 22 7 18 195 5.8 5.5 6.0 5.7 5.6 4.6 5.3 4.8 5.0 4.7 4.7 4.8 5.3 4.7 5.5 5.2 48.7 54.0 52.2 49.4 48.3 50.0 50.2 49.9 48.4 44.0 48.3 47.5 51.5 49.3 50.4 49.3 45.0 49.9 42.9 43.2 39.4 37.9 42.9 40.2 38.3 25.8 31.5 34.4 36.8 35.3 35.3 38.0 2 2 2 5 18 1 2 3 2 9 2 9 3 4 64 3 3 3 6 29 (,)8 3 2 13 4 16 4 5 95 5.7 5.3 5.7 5.8 5.6 0 4.7 5.3 4.5 5.1 4.3 4.9 4.8 5.6 5.3 48.0 55.3 52.7 49.0 48.3 0 50.0 48.7 44.0 48.9 47.5 51.2 52.5 52.0 49.6 46.5 49.8 40.5 42.5 40.6 0 37.1 •37.4 27.0 38.3 31.4 36.7 31.3 39.9 39.0 5 3 8 6 49 4 4 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 9 146 48 10 35 30 226 11 7 80 37 5 154 56 51 15 48 813 5.7 5.4 5.9 5.5 5.7 4.8 5.7 5.2 5.1 4.8 4.7 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.3 49.0 52.8 52.7 48.9 48.4 49.3 49.6 49.6 48.4 47.4 48.5 47.5 52.5 49.7 49.9 49.1 46.0 48.0 43.7 40.4 41.4 35.7 42.9 42.5 37.8 36.4 33.3 37.3 39.5 39.5 34.6 39.3 7 5.7 0 6.0 0 5.7 (i) 0 5.0 5.3 0 4.0 5.3 5.2 0 5.8 5.4 49.1 0) 52.0 0 48.1 0 0 48.7 48.0 0 48.8 48.3 50.8 0 49.5 49.0 44.2 0 46.8 0 41.7 0 0 40.8 35.5 0 25.3 44.8 32.7 0 32.2 38.9 3 1 3 1 9 1 1 3 3 1 4 4 5 1 3 43 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 9 3 3 5 6 5 4 54 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time ings earn amount actually per ings earned hour per week in week 92.4 $0.535 $26.05 92.4 .334 18.04 82.2 .400 20.88 87.4 .483 23.86 .643 31.06 81.6 .453 22.65 75.8 85.5 .440 22.09 80.6 .408 20.36 79.1 .640 30.98 58.6 1.025 45.10 65.2 .736 35.55 72.4 .584 27.74 .450 23.18 71.5 71.6 .470 23.17 70.0 .511 25.75 77.1 .556 27.42 96.9 90.1 76.9 86.7 84.1 $24.09 16.68 17.16 20.85 25.34 17.15 18.90 16.41 24.55 26.48 23.18 20.11 16.56 16.58 18.02 21.11 74.2 76.8 61.4 78.3 66.1 71.7 59.6 76.7 78.6 .627 .256 .431 .458 .450 0 .411 .571 .715 .461 .513 .427 .324 .395 .449 30.10 14.16 22.71 22.44 21.74 0 20.55 27.81 31.46 22.54 24.37 21.86 17.01 20.54 22.27 29.16 12.76 17.47 19.47 18.26 0 15.24 21.37 19.31 17.66 16.08 15.66 10.14 15.73 17.54 93.9 90.9 82.9 82.6 85.5 72.4 86.5 85.7 78.1 76.8 68.7 78.5 75.2 79.5 69.3 80.0 .504 .440 .548 .401 .648 .570 .481 .499 .538 .840 .639 .549 .427 .491 .614 .572 24.70 23.23 28.88 19.61 31.36 28.10 23.86 24.75 26.04 39.82 30.99 26.08 22.42 24.40 30.64 28.09 23.21 21.10 23.96 16.20 26.80 20.34 20.63 21.22 20.34 30.58 21.25 20.45 16.87 19.43 21.23 22.47 90.0 .413 0 .361 0 .494 (i) 0 . .368 .247 0 .372 .424 .346 0 .418 .408 20.28 0 18.77 0 23.76 (i) 0 17.92 11.86 0 18.15 20.48 17.58 0 20.69 19.99 18.28 0 16.90 0) 20.58 (i) 0 15.00 8.77 0 9.43 18.99 11.33 0 13.45 15.89 90.0 86.7 83.8 74.0 5l.~8~ 92.8 64.4 65.1 79.4 71 GENERAL TABLES A .— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le FINISHING DEPARTM EN T Occupation, sex, and State Buffers (including b o t t o m scourers), male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan . Minnesota Missouri __ , New Hampshire_______ ____ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio................ ...................... Pennsylvania . Tennessee __ . . _ Wisconsin_________________ Total..... ......... — .............. Naumkeag operators, male: Illinois .......... _ _ Kentucky_________________ Maine __ ___ _ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire..................... New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania_______________ Wisconsin_________________ Total.......... -........... - ........... Edge setters, male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan - _ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania____ __________ Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ Total..................................... Heel scourers (including first and second scourers), male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts_____ ________ Michigan ^ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania_______________ Tennessee......... ........... ........... W isconsin.............................. Total..................................... Num ber of estab lish ments 5 3 8 5 48 2 3 9 7 2 18 4 9 4 7 134 2 1 4 4 32 6 3 2 14 5 6 4 83 Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week 21 5 19 11 89 2 4 25 20 2 51 6 15 8 17 295 7 (9 6 7 45 14 4 2 26 13 9 7 141 Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked 5.9 5.6 5.8 4.8 5.7 5.0 5.5 4.9 4.7 5.0 4.8 5.7 4.9 4.9 5.5 5.3 49.0 55.2 52.8 48.5 48.5 50.0 48.5 49.4 48.4 48.3 48.4 49.9 50.4 51.3 49.7 49.3 5.7 49.4 46.7 51.3 44.4 36.5 41.1 37.2 42.0 40.4 33.1 33.8 37.2 47.7 34.8 36.1 33.7 39.6 102.6 .372 43.0 32.9 43.8 44.0 37.5 36.3 35.2 39.0 40.2 36.8 40.7 79.6 67.1 89.9 89.8 77.3 75.2 74.4 83.9 80.1 73.7 83.6 .598 .435 .644 .491 .472 .466 .555 .510 .434 .624 .549 32.29 21. 32 31.36 24.06 22.89 22. 51 26. 25 23. 72 21.79 31.14 26.74 25.69 14.31 28.19 21.63 17.69 16.89 19.55 19.90 17.42 22.97 22.37 (9 (9 (9 18.38 $20.14 12.35 19.61 12.06 23.94 16.30 15.20 18.05 13.62 15.08 17.51 24.26 10.64 12.38 16.03 18.77 54.0 49.0 48.7 49.0 48.5 48.3 47.3 46.5 50.2 49.9 48.7 (9 18.85 (9 5 3 8 6 49 4 3 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 9 145 49 8 33 22 203 7 6 51 37 9 157 61 49 11 41 744 5.7 5.5 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.1 5.7 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7 5.1 5.3 4.9 5.6 5.3 48.9 52.8 52.5 49.0 48.3 49.6 49.8 49.3 48.5 46.8 48.3 48.0 52.1 49.5 49.7 49.0 46.3 48.1 43.5 42.2 41.7 34.5 44.9 40.0 35.5 36.1 35.0 39.8 38.4 36.4 33.5 39.3 94.7 91.1 82.9 86.1 86.3 69.6 90.2 81.1 73.2 77.1 72.5 82.9 73.7 73.5 67.4 80.2 .502 .331 .526 .382 .631 .610 .452 .467 .512 .689 .550 .543 .454 .503 .645 .551 24.55 17.48 27.62 18.72 30.48 30.26 22.51 23.02 24.83 32.25 26.57 26.06 23.65 24.90 32.06 27.00 23.26 15.91 22.88 16.12 26.27 21.03 20.32 18.68 18.16 24.85 19.25 21.62 17.46 18.33 21.63 21.66 4 3 5 6 25 4 3 6 7 2 15 5 9 4 8 106 12 6 10 11 62 6 3 25 19 3 50 14 27 12 28 288 5.8 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.7 5.0 5.7 5.1 5.3 4.7 4.5 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.3 5.2 48.7 53.2 52.1 48.8 48.2 49.6 50.2 57.9 48.3 44.0 48.4 47.5 52.3 49.6 50.1 50.0 45.7 48.9 43.1 43.0 41.1 37.8 44.2 43.4 40.2 31.6 31.8 34.5 35.7 39.2 32.2 38.2 93.8 91.9 82.7 88.1 85.3 76.2 88.0 75.0 83.2 71.8 65.7 72.6 68.3 79.0 64.3 76.4 .460 .266 .416 .410 .541 .487 .419 .353 .457 .736 .524 .500 .366 .318 .518 .463 22.40 14.15 21.67 20.01 26.08 24.16 21.03 20.44 22.07 32.38 25.36 23.75 19.14 15.77 25.95 23.15 21.00 13.02 17.92 17.62 22.20 18.38 18.50 15.33 18.37 23.24 16.65 17.26 13.07 12.47 16.69 17.68 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 95.3 $0,431 $21.12 92.9 .241 13.30 84.1 .442 23.34 75.3 .331 16.05 84.7 .583 28.28 74.4 .439 21.95 86.6 .362 17.56 81.8 .447 22.08 68.4 .411 19.89 70.0 .447 21.59 76.9 .471 22.80 95.6 .508 25.35 69.0 .306 15.42 70.4 .343 17.60 67.8 .475 23.61 80.3 .474 23. 37 6.0 5.4 5.8 5.3 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.7 5.5 (9 50.7 Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 72 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T a b l e A . — Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupationf sex, and /Sttate— Con. FINISHING DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week 3 3 5 5 24 4 2 5 7 2 15 5 9 4. 7 100 15 5 9 11 53 5 2 13 15 2 46 10 23 9 15 233 5.6 5.4 6.0 5.8 5.5 5.0 6.5 5.1 5.1 4.5 4.6 4.8 5.3 5.2 5.6 5.2 48.5 53.2 51.4 48.5 48.2 49.0 51.3 49.8 48.4 44.0 48.7 48.5 51.7 49.4 50.0 49.2 42.7 49.1 45.0 41.7 38.3 34.0 52.8 42.3 38.2 32.5 34.7 38.2 39.2 39.4 34.6 38.6 5.6 48.0 44.4 Heel burnishers ( i n c l u d i n g stoners, expeditors, and heel slickers), male: Illinois Kentucky__________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts______________ Michigan........ . Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ -....... New York........ . Ohio______________________ Pftnnsylvania Tennessee_______ ____ _____ Wisconsin.................... ..........Total____________________ Bottom stainers, male: Illinois____________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan__________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey_________ •______ N ew Y ork„ . Ohio......................................... P e n n s y lv a n ia _____________ _ _. Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin__________ ______ 1 Total.............................. . Bottom stainers, female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia. _____ Massachusetts______________ Missouri____ ____ ____ _____ New Hampshire____________ New York________ ________Ohio__________ ____________ Pennsylvania_______ _____ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin_________________ Total..................................... Bottom finishers (including bot tom slickers), male: Illinois____________________ Kentucky__ - ______________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts.................. * Michigan_____ ____________ M in n e s o ta ^ ____ _ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York....... ....................... Ohio....................................... . Pennsylvania............. ............. Tennessee_____________ ____ Wisconsin_________________ Total..................................... 8 2 1 2 21 0) 7 41 1 6.0 5.6 0) 5 4 W 8 1 0) 11 5 4 3 6 66 0) 6 35 15 5 4 19 153 18 6 14 6 65 22 10 67 22 5.0 5.5 Per Aver Aver cent age age of full full hours time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week worked week 0) 0) 0) 0) 48.0 48.4 48.8 48.3 41.6 39.4 37.7 41.4 88.0 $0,481 $23.33 .232 12.34 92.3 87.5 .418 21.49 .412 19.98 86.0 .492 23.71 79.5 69.4 .498 24.40 102.9 .297 15.24 84.9 .318 15.84 78.9 .361 17.47 73.9 .782 34.41 .402 19.58 71.3 78.8 .393 19.06 75.8 .336 17.37 .384 18.97 79.8 69.2 .459 22.95 78.5 .416 20.47 92.5 .428 86.7 81.4 .308 .392 (») 0) 77.3~ 85.7 .375 .445 (0 20.54 $20.53 11.39 18.81 17.16 18.86 16.90 15.66 13.44 13.78 25.42 13.93 15.02 13.16 15.16 15.85 16.04 19.00 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 14.78 18.97 18.30 21.49 12.80 15.43 14.12 18.39 5.1 5.1 5.4 5.5 5.7 5.4 48.2 47.5 52.0 53.8 49.8 48.7 0) 0) 32.9 40.6 42.9 49.3 37.5 38.6 68.3 85.5 82.5 91.6 75.3 79.3 .398 .414 .248 .253 .421 .392 19.18 19.67 12.90 13.61 20.97 19.09 49.2 51.0 53.7 48.0 47.9 49.3 48.4 49.0 47.8 0) 49.3 49.3 48.9 48.0 48.3 49.4 41.1 41.3 i 45.1 32.9 39.9 39.3 0) 39.0 37.0 41.6 97.6 94.7 92.0 85.6 86.2 91.5 68.0 81.4 82.2 79.1 75.1 85.1 .232 .142 .332 .253 .330 .284 .243 .279 .320 0) .287 .318 .291 11.41 7.24 17.83 12.14 15.81 14.00 11.76 13.67 15. 30 0) 14.15 15.68 14.23 11.13 6.87 16.39 10.40 13.63 12.80 8.00 11.11 12.58 0) 11.20 11.75 12.08 49.2 52.2 52.7 50.2 48.2 49.5 49.6 49.4 48.2 44.9 4S.4 48.3 51.8 50.0 49.8 49.0 48.3 41.8 46.2 44.6 40.1 37.6 44.2 43.1 39.2 29.8 36.6 43.0 41.7 35.8 37.7 40.4 98.2 80.1 87.7 88.8 83.2 76.0 89.1 87.2 81.3 66.4 75.6 89.0 80.5 71.6 75.7 82.4 .356 .256 .431 .417 .515 .423 .390 .406 .359 .699 .420 .460 .375 .259 .443 .437 17.52 13.36 22.71 2a 93 24.82 20.94 19.34 20.06 17.30 31.39 20.33 22.22 19.43 12.95 22.06 21.41 17.19 10.70 19.88 18.58 20.69 15.92 17.24 17.51 14.06 20.82 15.38 19.75 15.66 9.28 16.70 17.64 0) 4 2 4 2 28 6 6 5 5 1 4 6 73 (\ 11 250 5.9 5.7 5.9 6.0 5.6 5.4 4.5 4.7 5.0 0) 5.1 5.5 5.3 5 3 7 4 45 4 4 8 7 3 18 5 9 3 8 133 22 6 18 5 108 5 7 39 23 9 78 19 25 6 17 387 5.8 4.7 5.9 5.4 5.6 4.8 5.6 5.3 5.1 4.7 4.8 5.3 5.2 4.8 5.6 5.3 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount earn ings actually per ings earned hour per week in week 13.10 16.82 10.62 12.47 15.77 15.16 73 GENERAL TABLES A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and $£a£e— Con. T a b le FINISHING DEPARTM EN T—Continued Num ber of estab lish ments Occupation, sex, and State Bottom finishers (including bot tom slickers), female: Maine_____________ ___ _ _„ Ohio......................................... 1 2 Total..................................... 3 2 3 Brushers, male: I llin o is __ .. _ Kentucky____________ _____ Maine. ........ Maryland and V irg in ia Massachusetts , Michigan . _ _ Missouri__ _________ .... New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... P e n n s y lv a n ia T en n essee Wisconsin________ ____ ____ T^tal... Shoe cleaners, male: Illinois___________________ Kentucky_________________ M a in e___________________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York________________ Ohio....................................... . Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee_________________ Total_____________ _______ Shoe cleaners, female: Illinois____________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine.................- .............. Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts_________ ____ Missouri___________________ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee................................ Wisconsin-.......... ...... ............ Total.................................... Per Aver Aver cent age age of full full hours time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week worked week 0) 47.5 0) 43.0 0) 0) 90.5 $0.337 $16.01 8 5.3 49.1 43.5 88.6 .326 16.01 14.21 2 16 3 6 6 2 9 4 6 4 6 5 5 7 2 48 3 20 10 2 35 9 11 6 22 5.8 5.4 6.0 6.0 5.6 5.0 5.4 5.5 4.5 4.3 5.2 5.4 4.8 5.7 48.0 54.6 52.4 48.0 48.1 49.2 49.3 48.2 44.0 48.8 48.7 51.4 50.0 49.9 45.2 49.5 46.1 45.5 42.9 36.3 42.3 43.9 33.8 32.3 41.7 42.3 36.8 34.9 94.2 90.7 88.0 94.8 89.2 73.8 85.8 91.1 76.8 66.2 85.6 82.3 73.6 69.9 .351 .166 .391 .299 .448 .477 .286 .400 .389 .451 .398 .225 .305 .382 16.85 9.06 20.49 14.35 21.55 23.47 14.10 19.28 17.12 22.01 19.38 11.57 15.25 19.06 15.87 8.19 18.00 13.60 19.18 17.31 12.08 17.54 13.12 14.58 16.61 9.51 11.23 13.32 74 185 5.3 49.2 39.8 80.9 .382 18.79 15.21 5.7 48.7 49.7 102.1 .196 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 101.2 6 3 .6 8 6 .5 6 9 .6 7 7 .4 5 21 1 3 0) 7 7 0) 6.0 4.7 46.4 '"'85~9" 74.6 35.8 3 15 4 4 5.7 49.5 4 .4 5 .0 6 .0 4 5 .0 4 8 .0 5 0.0 0) 0) 0) 50.1 2 8 .6 4 1 .5 3 4 .8 49 5 .1 4 8 .6 3 7 .6 (0 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 0) 54.0 48.0 11 1 1 2 15 5 4 1 2 2 7 19 3 0) 2 43 11 9 5 5 .8 5 .0 0) 5 .0 5 .3 5 .5 4 .9 5 .0 4 5 .0 0) 5 2 .5 5 2 .0 4 9.0 4 3.2 3 5.4 0) 4 0.3 3 7 .8 4 3 .0 3 5.2 3 0 .0 48 105 5.4 48.0 3 1 2 3 12 7 1 11 4 3 1 4 52 7 3 2 8 53 18 3 19 14 5 5.7 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.6 4.9 6.0 4.8 5.4 5.4 2 o 3 0) (0 23 157 0) 5 .5 6 .0 5.9 0) 5.6 5.4 0) 9.55 0) 0) $14.50 9.73 0) .269 .328 14.53 15.74 0) (0 .281 .30 4 .2 3 5 .2 6 9 0) 0) 0) 13.91 13.68 11.28 13.45 0) 0) 0) 14.10 8 .6 8 .26 9 13.07 10.12 0) 13.05 0) 12.11 (!) 12.45 11.74 9.75 9 .3 7 8 3 .4 8 0.6 8 9.2 7 0 .8 6 6 .7 0) .231 .511 .20 9 .44 2 .481 0) .43 4 .3 2 9 .3 7 8 .26 9 .5 3 8 40.2 83.8 .356 24.21 17.09 16.13 14.32 48.6 50.0 50.0 49.0 47.9 49.1 52.5 46.9 48.7 51.0 46.0 50.0 39.5 44.5 44.3 39.8 51.0 33.7 45.1 47.5 94.7 100.0 79.0 90.8 92.5 81.1 97.1 71.9 92.6 93.1 267 .199 .246 .203 . 247 .245 .204 .251 .281 . 158 12.98 9.95 12.30 9.95 11.83 12.03 10.71 11.77 13.68 8.06 12.29 9.95 9.73 9.05 10.95 9.76 10.38 8.46 12.67 7.49 0) 0) 88.1 87.8 .258 .247 5 6.5 5 2 .0 50.1 4 8.1 4 8.0 0) 4 8.3 4 6 .9 4 8 .2 49.7 48.7 48.4 42.9 42.5 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 0) 5.0 Brushers, female: 3 Illinois____________________ 1 Kentucky__________________ _____________________ Maine2 6 Massachusetts____ _________ Michigan _ 1 1 Missouri___________________ 1 New Hampshire_ ____ 2 New York_____ __________ 2 Ohio....................— ............ 1 Pennsylvania____ ________ 1 Wisconsin_________________ Total. Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week 9 2 .9 100.0 9 7 .8 8 9 .8 7 3.8 0) 26.57 26.57 10.47 2 1.26 23.09 0) 20.96 15.43 1 8.22 13.37 0) 0) 12.56 11.95 10.23 19.10 17.05 17.46 12.44 16.22 9 .4 9 0) 11.06 10.52 74 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time workedt 1982, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b l e A .— FINISHING DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Per Aver age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked Last pullers, hand and machine, male: Illinois. ................................... Kentucky......... ...................... Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan................................. Minnesota..............................Missouri..................... - ......... New Hampshire...................... New Jersey.............................. New York............................... Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania.........................Tennessee................................ Wisconsin................................ Total.................................... 5 3 5 6 43 3 2 9 7 3 18 7 9 4 7 131 16 5 11 8 69 4 2 20 10 3 35 17 17 6 13 236 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 4.3 5.5 5.4 5.4 4.7 4.9 4.8 5.3 4.8 5.2 5.3 49.5 53.2 53.4 49.1 48.5 49.4 51.3 49.6 48.4 46.8 47.9 46.7 51.6 50.8 49.8 49.2 50.1 50.0 49.5 41.0 40.6 30.4 51.4 43.8 41.4 36.0 35.6 34.5 40.0 37.1 35.8 40.5 Treers, hand and machine, male: Illinois.................................. Kentucky............................... Maine....................... - ............ Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts........................ Michigan................................. Minnesota............................... Missouri.................................. New Hampshire..................... New Jersey.............................. New York............................... Ohio...............— - ................... Pennsylvania.................. ........ Tennessee............ ...... ............. Wisconsin................................ Total.................................... 3 3 8 6 47 4 3 9 7 3 15 4 9 4 7 132 44 14 70 35 397 14 8 115 50 9 161 40 50 11 38 1,056 5.6 5.4 5.9 5.5 5.6 4.8 5.8 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.5 4.8 5.4 5.5 49.6 53.4 53.1 48.9 48.5 49.5 48.5 49.5 48.2 44.9 48.2 49.9 52.1 50.9 50.2 49.3 47.9 48.2 46.1 43.6 42.2 38.5 44.0 45.0 41.9 30.3 39.1 45.4 43.0 39.1. 39.4 42.5 96.6 90.3 86.8 89.2 87.0 77.8 90.7 90.9 86.9 67.5 81.1 91.0 82.5 76.8 78.5 86.2 Treers, hand and machine, fe male: Illinois..................................... Kentucky_________________ Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Minnesota............................... Missouri.................................. New York............................... Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee................................ Wisconsin................................ Total.................................... 3 1 2 2 3 5 9 5 5 2 4 41 59 0) 7 13 6 12 5.6 0) 5.7 5.3 5.2 4.9 5.0 4.7 5.7 4.5 5.6 5.3 49.0 0) 50.2 48.0 51.3 48.7 48.3 45.9 51.6 47.7 49.6 4a 7 47.5 (*) 45.3 32.7 44.9 38.1 38.0 35.7 45.8 26.9 34.2 39.3 Repairers (not cobblers) (includ ing tip fixers and scourers), male: Kentucky_________________ Maine...................................... Massachusetts....................... Michigan................................. Missouri............................... . New Hampshire..................... New Jersey.............................. New York............................... Ohio....................... ................. Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee................................ Wisconsin................................ Total................. ................... 1 3 6 2 3 2 2 9 3 6 2 1 40 0) 6.0 5.3 5.0 4.5 3.7 4.7 5.4 4.8 5.6 5.0 0) 5.2 <9 51.6 48.0 50.0 48.5 48.7 44.0 45.8 48.0 50.5 50.0 0) 48.2 0) 53.9 39.7 41.0 33.2 29.7 34.7 38.6 34.7 45.1 37.5 47 33 13 11 46 . 249 0) 5 9 2 4 3 3 19 5 10 0 o f 65 101.2 $0,305 $15.10 .242 12.87 94.0 92.7 .407 21.73 83.5 .304 14.93 83.7 .467 22.65 61.5 .412 20.35 100.2 .254 13.03 88.3 .318 15.77 85.5 .363 17.57 76.9 .839 39.27 74.3 .439 21.03 73.9 .398 18.59 77.5 .313 16.15 73.0 .280 14.22 .424 21.12 71.9 82.3 .396 19.48 $15.29 12.08 20.16 12.48 18.98 12.50 13.06 13.95 15.06 30.22 15.60 13.74 12.54 10.39 15.17 16..04 .259 .330 .361 .307 .512 .477 .327 .404 .401 .626 .419 .405 .348 .308 .505 .433 12.85 17.62 19.17 15.01 24.83 23.61 15.86 20.00 19.33 28.11 20.20 20.21 18.13 15.68 25.35 21.35 12.40 15.88 16.63 13.37 21.60 18.39 14.40 18.21 16.79 18.98 16.38 18.38 14.95 12.06 19.86 18.43 96.9 .316 90.2 68.1 87.5 78.2 78.7 77.8 88.8 56.4 69.0 80.7 .241 .271 .236 .331 .301 .317 .258 .318 .318 .305 15.48 0) 12.10 13.01 12.11 16.12 14.54 14.55 13.31 15.17 15.77 14.85 15.04 0) 10.94 8.87 10.57 12.60 11.45 11.32 11.83 8.54 10.88 12.00 0) 0) 24.81 19.24 19.11 15.71 12.05 26.52 26.00 14.50 20.31 11.54 0) 20.70 104.5 82.7 82.0 68.5 61.0 78.9 84.3 72.3 89.3 75.0 ---------- 1 0) 39.5 82.0 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Aver Aver- age Aver full * age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week <*) 0) .460 .484 .466 .473 .406 .765 .673 .418 .450 .308 0) .524 23.74 23.23 23.30 22.94 19.77 33.66 30.82 20.06 22.73 15.40 0) 25.26 Ge n e r a l 75 tables T a b l e A . — Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average fulltime and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and /State— Con. FINISHING DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Repairers (not cobblers) (includ ing tip fixers and scourers), fe male: Illinois..................................... Kentucky................................ Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......— Massachusetts....................... . Michigan................................. Minnesota............................... M issouri................................ New Hampshire...................... New Jersey.............................. New York............................... Ohio....................................... . Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin.............................. Total................................. . Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked Aver Aver age Aver age full age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week 5 3 7 6 47 2 3 9 7 1 18 6 7 3 7 37 7 32 38 188 3 4 51 50 (9 71 31 33 6 38 5.8 5.6 5.8 5.8 5.6 5.7 5.5 5.2 5.3 (9 4.9 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.7 49.0 52.7 53.1 48.7 47.9 49.2 50.8 49.0 48.2 <9 48.2 48.3 50.5 48.3 49.6 51.4 104.9 $0,280 $13. 72 49.3 93.5 .272 14.33 90.4 .334 17.74 48.0 46.3 95.1 .238 11.59 43.4 90.6 .393 18.82 41.1 83.5 .267 13.14 50.1 98.6 .281 14.27 42.8 87.3 .287 14.06 88.4 .298 14.36 42.6 _____ (9 (9 0) 77.8 .357 17.21 37.5 44.2 91.5 .330 15.94 41.3 81.8 . 283 14.19 40.4 .358 17.29 83.6 40.3 81.3 .343 17.01 131 590 5.5 48.8 43.3 88.7 .333 16.25 14.44 (9 (9 48.0 50.0 49.3 48.0 46.4 (9 53.7 (9 (9 42.1 47.2 48.1 47.2 45.5 (9 49.0 87.7 94.4 97.6 98.3 98.1 <9 (9 18.05 21.69 13.14 20.35 17.59 (9 20.13 $14.38 13.41 16.02 11.00 17.04 10.95 14.09 12.28 12.67 (9 13.39 14.6P 11.61 14.45 13.81 Dressers, male: Maine...................................... Maryland and Virginia.......... Massachusetts......................... Michigan............................... . Missouri...............- ................. New Hampshire.................... . New York.......... ..................... Ohio ......................... Pennsylvania.......................... 1 1 4 2 2 2 3 1 2 3 (9 (9 5.8 5.0 5.7 5.7 5.6 (9 5.7 91.2 (9 <9 (9 (9 .429 20.59 .460 23.00 .273 13.46 .431 20.69 .387 k17.96 (9 (9 .411 22.07 Total..................................... 18 26 5.7 49.2 46.7 94.9 .390 19.19 18.25 Dressers, female: Illinois..................................... Kentucky................. .... ......... Maine.................. ........... ........ Maryland and Virginia......... Massachusetts........................ Michigan................................. Minnesota............................... Missouri........ ......................... New Hampshire..................... New Jersey.............................. New York............................... Ohio......................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee.............................. Wisconsin................................ 5 3 8 6 23 2 2 6 7 2 13 4 7 4 6 30 7 16 10 98 4 3 48 20 2 81 9 16 13 45 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.4 5.6 4.5 5.3 5.1 4.9 5.0 4.5 5.9 5.4 4.8 5.6 48.7 63.7 52.3 49.3 48.0 48.8 49.5 49.9 48.4 48.3 48.5 49.8 50.7 48.8 49.5 49.5 51.4 44.8 44.1 42.3 30.5 46.9 42.3 38.1 41.0 33.9 49.2 45.3 37.0 37.4 101.6 95.7 85.7 89.5 88.1 62.5 94.7 84.8 78.7 84.9 69.9 98.8 89.3 75.8 75.6 .337 .192 .333 .214 .337 .285 .287 .232 .331 .244 .360 .286 .234 .284 .301 16.41 10.31 17.42 10.55 16.18 13.91 14. 21 11.58 16.02 11.79 17.46 14.24 11.86 13.86 14.90 16.67 9.89 14.93 9.45 14.27 8.70 13.48 9.80 12.60 10.00 12.18 14.09 10.60 10.51 11.27 49.1 40.7 82.9 .308 15.12 12.55 4S.7 96.7 (9 .552 <9 .173 (9 8 <9 26.88 (J) (9 (9 9.19 <9 <9 26.00 (9 ?> (9 8.33 (9 .333 16.58 <9 (9 (9 6 2 3 3 5 Total.................................... 98 402 5.3 Sock liners (including heel-lining, heel pad, and heel-pin pasters), male: Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts......................... Missouri________ __________ New Hampshire...................... Ohio— . ................................... Pennsylvania.......................... Tennessee__________________ 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 % (0 „ 5.7 (i) (9 0) 6.0 <9 (9 (0 47.1 (9 53.1 (9 48.2 (9 Total..................................... 10 5.6 49.8 45.1 8 (9 4 (9 14 8 8 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 90.8 90.6 15.02 76 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A ,— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per weeky average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le FINISHING DEPARTM EN T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Aver Per age cent age full hours of full time time hours actually hours worked actually per in week week worked Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually per ings earned hour per in week week Sock liners (including heel-lining, heel-pad, and heel-pin pasters), female: Illlnnis ___ _ Kentucky___ .. . Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts....... .............. . Michigan— ____ ___________ Minnesota_________ ____ _ Missouri__________________ New Hampshire...................... New Jersey_______ _________ New York__ Ohio___*_____ _____________ Pennsylvania.......... .......... . Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 3 8 5 45 4 3 7 7 3 19 7 7 3 7 19 4 17 10 88 5 3 23 15 3 61 23 17 4 16 5.5 5.8 6.0 5.7 5.5 4.8 5. 7 5.4 4.7 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.6 49.4 53.3 53.1 49.2 47.9 49.5 50.2 49.2 48.4 46.8 47.8 48.0 50.4 50.0 49.0 47.5 51.3 47.9 42.2 40.8 38.4 49.7 46.0 36.3 39.8 37.2 41.4 40.9 40.0 39.5 96.2 $0.253 $12.50 96.2 .220 11.73 90.2 .281 14.92 85.8 .200 9.84 85.2 .353 16.91 77.6 .281 13.91 .257 12.90 99.0 93.5 .290 14.27 .322 15.58 75.0 85.0 .428 20.03 77.8 .356 17.02 .290 13.92 86.3 81.2 .244 12.30 .266 13.30 80.0 .331 16.22 80.6 $12.03 11.29 13.46 8.42 14.37 10.80 12.78 13.33 11.69 17.03 13.25 12.01 10.00 10.65 13.05 Total.................................... 133 308 5.4 48.7 41.2 84.6 .314 15.29 12.93 Lacers (before packing), female: Illinois........- ____ __________ Kentucky_________________ Maine____________ _______ Maryland and Virginia______ Massachusetts______________ Michigan Minnesota_________________ Missouri_______ ____ _______ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey____ _____ ______ New York_________________ Ohio................................ ........ Pennsylvania...................... . Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 2 4 5 27 3 2 7 6 2 15 7 8 3 7 15 3 5 9 53 3 3 18 10 2 27 14 14 7 16 4.5 5.3 6.0 5.4 5.0 6.0 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.2 5.4 4.9 5.6 49.5 52.0 53.2 49.6 47.9 49.2 48.7 49.7 48.2 48.3 48.2 47.8 51.0 49.3 49.3 38.9 46.7 41.6 43.2 43.0 36.3 53.0 43.0 43.8 44.3 37.0 40.3 45.6 40.4 30.5 78.6 89.8 78.2 87.1 89.8 73.8 108.8 86.5 90.9 91.7 76.8 84.3 89.4 81.9 61.9 .268 .211 .205 .181 .285 .277 .236 .209 .249 .324 .348 .269 .206 .263 .292 13.27 10.97 10.91 8.98 13.65 13.63 11.49 10.39 12.00 15.65 16.77 12.86 10.51 12.97 14.40 10.42 9.83 8.50 7.82 12.27 10.04 12.53 8.99 10.90 14.34 12.87 10.82 9.38 10.63 8.93 Total____________________ 103 199 5.4 48.9 40.9 83.6 .266 13.01 10.87 Packers, male: __ Maine______________ 5 2 5 7 Massachusetts______________ 1 New Jersey________________ 0 11 _____________ ____New York 4 1 Ohio........................................ __________ ____ __Wisconsin W4 1 6.0 5.3 (0 5.2 0) 6.0 52.4 48.9 (l) 48.2 <9 48.0 56.0 106.9 35.1 71.8 (0 39.2 ‘ "’ i i . T (9 37.1 77.3 .401 .329 (9 .536 0) .541 21.01 16.09 (9 25.84 (9 25.97 22.46 11.57 (9 21.02 (9 20.09 5.7 Total..................................... 14 29 5.5 49.1 41.3 84.1 .459 22.54 18.96 Packers, female: Illinois_____________ _______ Kentucky__________________ Maine______________ _______ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts_____ ____ ___ Michigan , Minnesota_________________ Missouri_____________ _____ New Hampshire________ ___ New Jersey________________ New York.......................... . Ohio..................................... . Pennsylvania......................... Tennessee_________________ Wisconsin_________________ 5 3 7 6 47 4 4 9 7 3 16 6 8 4 9 18 7 21 9 175 6 6 27 38 5 34 18 16 8 21 5.8 5.6 6.0 5.2 5.5 4.8 5.7 5.3 4.6 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.5 5.3 5.3 49.3 54.1 52.9 49.4 48.0 49.6 49.1 49.3 48.5 47.4 47.9 48.5 50.6 50.0 49.4 49.3 50.7 50.4 42.9 42.3 38.1 47.8 44.6 35.3 39.4 39.9 41.3 45.0 38.6 39.2 100.0 93.7 95.3 86.8 88.1 76.8 97.4 CO. 5 72.8 83.1 83.3 85.2 88.9 77.2 79.4 .254 .182 .288 .230 .352 .260 .273 .259 .320 .337 .340 .313 .253 .286 .299 12.52 9.85 15.24 11.36 16.90 12.90 13.40 12.77 15.52 15.97 16.29 15.18 12.80 14.30 14.77 12.51 9.25 14.51 9.87 14.89 9.91 13.06 11.55 11.29 13.28 13.56 12.91 11.38 11.03 11.71 Total____________________ 138 409 5.4 43.8 42.3 86.7 .315 15.37 13.31 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 77 GENERAL TABLES A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1982, by department, occupation, sea;, and — Con. T a b le ALL DEPARTM ENTS Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Aver age Num days on ber of which wage wage earners earners worked in week Aver Aver Per cent age age of full full hours time time hours hours actually worked actually per in week worked week Aver Aver age Aver full age age earn time amount ings earn actually ings earned per per in week hour week Other employees, male: Illinois . _ Kentucky_________________ M aine.... M^rylftnrl and Virginia Massachusetts__ ~ Michigan _ Minnfisot.fi Missouri .. .......... New Hampshire__________ 1. New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio______ ____ ______ _____ Pennsylvania Tennessee . ............ Wisconsin 6 3 8 7 59 4 4 11 8 3 19 7 12 4 9 378 80 384 191 1,922 80 49 1,292 313 86 1,516 395 778 97 292 5.6 5.4 5.8 5.6 5.6 4.7 5.5 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.0 5.4 49.0 52.7 53.3 48.8 48.2 49.7 50.4 48.7 48.3 45.1 47.9 48.4 51.1 48.5 49.7 47.1 47.2 48.1 42.6 42.7 38.5 46.7 38.4 39.6 33.0 38.2 41.8 36.7 39.5 37.7 96.1 $0,368 $18.03 .370 19.50 89.6 90.2 .379 20.20 87.3 .297 14.49 .483 23.28 88.6 .503 25.00 77.5 92.7 .454 22.88 78.9 .450 21.92 82.0 .374 18.06 73.2 .609 27.47 79.7 .467 22.37 86.4 .426 20.62 71.8 .370 18.91 81.4 .364 17.65 75.9 .448 22.27 Total........................ -......... 164 7,853 5.2 48.9 40.5 82.8 .437 21.37 17.73 339 35 238 62 866 38 25 605 146 29 644 239 245 49 246 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.6 5.5 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.1 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.3 4.9 5.4 49.2 51.7 53.4 48.8 47.9 49.8 50.3 48.9 48.2 44.9 48.5 48.5 50.1 48.6 49.0 45.5 46.6 47.7 46.7 41.4 37.9 43.4 38.5 38.6 29.3 38.3 43.1 36.8 36.7 32.8 92.5 90.1 89.3 95.7 86.4 76.1 86.3 78.7 80.1 65.3 79.0 88.9 73.5 75.5 66.9 .256 .216 .260 .237 .367 .296 .310 .270 .255 .502 .349 .297 .245 .266 .320 12.60 11.17 13.88 11.57 17.58 14.74 15.59 13.20 12.29 22.54 16.93 14.40 12.27 12.93 15.68 11.66 10.07 12.41 11.08 15.20 11.23 13.43 10.38 9.85 14.72 13.36 12.81 9.03 9.78 10.48 152 3,806 5.2 48.9 40.3 82.4 .306 14.96 12.34 1,450 343 1,223 848 7,663 337 246 3,282 1,151 277 5,548 1,617 2,180 481 1,400 5.7 5.4 5.9 5.6 5.6 4.8 5.4 4.7 5.0 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.5 49.0 53.0 52.9 48.9 48.3 49.5 49.9 49.0 48.4 46.0 47.6 48.1 51.3 49.4 49.9 47.1 47.4 46.3 43.4 41.2 37.3 44.1 38.7 37.4 32.2 37.6 40.2 37.8 37.9 36.8 96.1 89.4 87.5 88.8 85.3 75.4 88.4 79.0 77.3 70.0 79.0 83.6 73.7 76.7 73.7 .427 .345 .447 .358 .557 .501 .417 .473 .439 .631 .536 .485 .408 .385 .481 20.92 18.29 23.65 17.51 26.90 24.80 20.81 23.18 21.25 29.03 25.51 23.33 20.93 19.02 24.00 20.11 16.32 20.69 15.52 22.96 18.68 18.37 18.29 16.43 20.35 20.13 19.48 15.44 14.61 17.72 Total.......................... -........ 164 28,046 5.2 48.9 40.0 81.8 .493 24.11 19.73 All occupations, female: Illinois..................................... Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan______ _____ ______ Minnesota_________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York............................... 6 1,716 3 323 8 1,004 7 580 51 5,710 4 207 4 198 11 2,524 8 971 3 151 19 3,655 5.5 5.4 5.7 5.6 5.5 4.9 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.0 49.3 52.7 53.1 48.9 47.9 49.5 49.8 49.2 48.4 46.5 48.4 47.9 47.1 46.2 46.9 41.0 36.3 45.2 40.2 36.7 31.1 38.1 97.2 89.4 87.0 95.9 85.6 73.3 90.8 81.7 75.8 66.9 78.7 .272 .216 .299 .218 .354 .299 .279 .273 .291 .421 .340 13.41 11.38 15.88 10.66 16.96 14.80 13.89 13.43 14.08 19.58 16.46 13.01 10.16 13.80 10.20 14.51 10.86 12.59 10.99 10.70 13.07 12.95 Other employees, female: Illinois „ __ 6 3 8 6 51 Michigan _ 4 4 Minnesota_________________ 11 Missouri __________________ 8 New Hampshire..................... 3 New Jersey____ _____ ______ 18 New York_________________ 7 Ohio..................... ................... 11 Pennsylvania ______________ 4 _________________ Tennessee 8 Wisconsin_________________ Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Total......................... ........... All occupations, male: Illinois...................... .............. Kentucky_________________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia____ Massachusetts_____________ Michigan__________________ Minnesota ^ ___ -Missouri___________________ New Hampshire..... ................ New Jersey________________ New York_________________ Ohio______________________ Pennsylvania____ _______ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin___________ ______ 153800°—33------6 6 3 8 7 59 4 4 11 8 3 19 7 12 4 9 $17.30 17.44 18.19 12.64 20.63 19.37 21.20 17.32 14.80 20.10 17.82 17.79 13.56 14.38 16.88 78 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY A.— Average number of days on which wage earners worked, average full time and actual hours and earnings per week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1932, by department, occupation, sex, and State— Con. T a b le ALL DEPARTM ENTS—Continued Occupation, sex, and State All occupations, female—Contd. Ohio______ ________________ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee__________________ Wisconsin__________________ Total__________ _________ All occupations, male and female: Illinois . ________________ Kentucky _______________ Maine_____________________ Maryland and Virginia_____ Massachusetts______________ Michigan Minnesota________________ Missouri___________________ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey________________ New York.................... ........... Ohio................... .........- ........ Pennsylvania______________ Tennessee______________ Wisconsin_______________ __ Total____________________ Num ber of estab lish ments Num ber of wage earners Aver age days on which wage earners worked in week Aver Per Aver Aver Aver age cent Aver age full age age age full hours of full earn time amount time time ings earn actually hours hours actually ings earned per worked actually per per in week week in week worked hour week 1,550 1,260 437 1,334 5.2 5.2 4.8 5.4 47.9 50.6 48.9 49.2 41.3 41.8 35.6 35.6 86.2 $0.292 $13.99 82.6 .248 12.55 72.8 .249 12.18 72.4 .336 16.53 155 21,620 5.3 48.9 40.8 83.4 .308 15.06 12.58 3,166 666 2,227 1,428 13,373 544 444 5,806 2,122 428 9,203 3,167 3,440 918 2,734 5.6 5.4 5.8 5.6 5.5 4.8 5.4 4.8 5.0 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.2 4.9 5.4 49.2 52.8 48. 9 1 48.1 49.5 49.9 49.1 48.4 46.2 47.9 48.0 51.0 49.2 49.5 47.5 47.2 46.3 44. 8 41.1 36.9 44.6 39.3 37.1 31.8 37.8 40.7 39.2 36.8 36.2 96.5 89.4 87.4 91.6 85.4 74.5 89.4 80.0 76.7 68.8 78.9 84.8 76.9 74.8 73.1 .342 .282 .380 .298 .470 .426 .354 .384 .372 .559 .457 .389 .346 .322 .412 16.83 14.89 20.14 14.57 22.61 21.09 17.66 18.85 18.00 25.83 21.89 18.67 17.65 15.84 20.39 16.26 13.33 17.59 13.36 19.35 15.70 15.79 15.12 13.81 17.79 17.28 15.85 13.57 11.87 14.91 164 49,666 fi.3 48.9 40.4 82.6 .412 20.15 16.62 7 11 4 9 6 3 8 7 59 4 4 11 8 3 19 7 12 4 9 $12.06 10.35 8.85 11.96 T a b le B «— Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1982, by department, sex, and State CUTTING D EPARTM EN T Occupation, sex, and State Aver age earn ings per hour Number of wage earners whose earnings per hour were— Un 12, 25, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 90 $1.00, $1.20, $1.40 der under under under under under under under under under under cents, under and 12 16 25 80 20 30 40 50 60 70 90 under $1.20 under $1.40 over cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 Total_________________ _____________ __________ 125 2,032 0) New Hampshire_________________________________ New York______________________________ ________ Pennsylvania _____________________________ 1 3 3 16 2 3 4 4 Total__________________________________________ 36 63 .537 3 5 2 8 56 12 19 .316 .227 .421 4 Maryland and Virginia Skivers, upper, male: Kentucky______________________ ______ __________ Maine_______________________ ____ ______ _________ Maryland and Virginia................................................. Massachusetts_________________ ____ ____ _______ Michigan , ,T,____ _ _ __ Skivers, upper, female: Illinois___________________________________________ Kentucky________________________________________ Maine___________ _______ - ........................................... 4 5 28 5 3 10 7 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 2 128 $0.553 .462 25 .533 110 .477 61 709 .695 12 .508 19 .470 116 . 799 .508 56 25 . 772 415 . 713 118 .549 129 .526 4 . 543 105 .549 .525 .258 .620 .404 .438 .770 .288 7 2 1 5 2 7 2 17 15 16 2 1 41 2 23 1 3 1 23 3 68 3 6 1 9 466 187 99 62 8 1 4 1 2 2 1 2 1 7 2 4 1 17 370 12 158 273 2 1 1 2 5 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 5 11 7 8 13 7 7 4 2 2 19 1 9 13 1 1 2 5 1 1 2 374 1 1 21 35 2 6 69 15 9 23 0) 35 2 20 13 6 94 19 22 1 16 9 16 2 35 27 27 1 21 5 5 3 60 18 1 5 3 280 1 1 12 24 3 15 6 129 1 3 1 2 21 10 27 16 60 4 6 16 3 16 17 22 1 3 1 11 1 11 16 21 1 18 1 .634 0) 6 17 6 39 11 98 7 7 10 13 3 70 37 39 1 1 1 1 TABLES Massachusetts__________________ ________________ Michigan__________________ ______________________ Minnesota_________ ____ ________ Missouri________________ ___ _ New Hampshire____ _____ _______________________ New Jersey______________________________________ New York_______ __________ _______. . . Ohio_____________ ______________________ ________ Pennsylvania________________ __________________ _ Tennessee______________________ _ __ _____ Wisconsin__________________________________ _ 4 3 7 4 42 2 3 8 6 3 19 5 9 2 8 GENERAL Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male: Illinois _____ .. Kentucky________________________ _____________ Maine_______________ __________________________ Num Num ber of ber of estab wage lish earn ments ers T able B.—Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State—Continued 00 o CUTTING DEPARTM ENT—Continued 672 37 22 35 46 46 14 23 40 77 123 191 116 AND Total__................................... . >.269 .465 .267 .273 .320 .299 .532 .390 .297 .276 .206 .335 HOURS— BOOT 13 145 7 11 66 37 7 98 63 41 22 75 Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including reinforcers, pasters, fitters), female: Illinois.......................................................................... . Kentucky.............................................. - .................. . Maine.............................................................................. 0) 4 (») 0) (*) 17 0) $0.114 !) to 0) .476 8 26 .440 3 5 3 7 138 35 69 .179 .178 .261 35 7 4 3 1 0) 0) 27 8 4 0) 1 2 7 5 2 1 2 2 8 7 2 35 7 13 15 7 11 9 3 16 4 1 7 1 12 3 13 1 INDUSTRY T o ta l.-.............................................. ........................ 1 1 1 1 1 3 SHOE FITTIN G OK STITCHING DEPA RTM E N T Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (including reinforcers, pasters, fitters), male: M a in e ............................... .................. ......................... Maryland and Virginia...................................... ......... Massachusetts..................... ................ ..........— ........ New Hampshire--------------------------------- ----- ----------New Jersey------------------- -------------------------------------New York------------ -------- --------------- ----------------------- AND Skivers, upper, female—Continued. Maryland and Virginia. ............ Massachusetts.................. .......... Michigan_____________________ Minnesota___________________ Missouri______ _________ _____ _ New Hampshire..................... . New Jersey................................. . New York__......... ...... ................ Ohio............................................ Pennsylvania................... .......... Tennessee______ _____________ Wisconsin................................ . Number of wage earners whose earnings per hour were— Aver age earn Un 12, 70, 60, 50, 25, 40, 20, $1.00, $1.20, $1.40 ings der under under under under under under under under under under cents, under and per 80 90 under $1.20 under 12 30 70 16 20 25 40 50 $1.40 over hour cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 WAGES Occupation, sex, and State Num N um ber of ber of estab wage lish earn ments ers Maryland and Virginia............................................... Massachusetts..................... .......................................... Michigan--------------------------------- -------------------------- Minnesota........- ........... .............. .............................. Missouri....................................... ................................ New Hampshire........... ....................... ........................ New Jersey................... ........ ........... ........................... New Y ork---------------------------------------- ------ ------ ---O h io -___________ ___________________ __________ Pennsylvania_________ _____ _____ ____ ___________ Tennessee......................... ............................................. Wisconsin............ ................................ ........................ Total............................................................................ 46 384 5 11 190 52 21 373 100 118 33 63 140 143 Top stitchers (including undertrimmers and barber trim mers), male: Maine.......................................................... ...... ........... . Maryland and Virginia............................................... . Massachusetts.............................................. ................ Missouri.............. ............................... - ........................ New York.............................. ...... ................................. Pennsylvania................ - ............................ - ................. 34 115 = 1= 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Total...................................................................... .247 120 22. 7 43 1 18 6 "44" 6 15 185 .295 .223 .287 .237 .355 .264 .258 .260 .275 .400 .345 .288 .245 .284 .361 .310 .... 51 19 ’ 46" 17 17 9 ""2" 9 10 ” 7" 7 12 1 40 ’ el’ 34 46 6 5 265 7 3 8 8 10 14 2 1 63 12 84 2 64 2 7 35 7 5 51 18 22 7 30 1 1 16 7 10 78 20 8 3 26 278 13 1 6 4 21 4 3 46 9 1 21 9 16 6 1 7 5 5 2 46 2 32 13 13 7 9 13 2 13 4 124 3 2 26 21 1 53 23 22 4 16 161 183 327 47 15 6 1 4 48 4 1 1 2 2 20 1 125 40 15 ” 7" 4 62 13 6 35 3 2 2 4 1 10 144 40 .622 .435 .640 .368 .657 .415 12 TABLES Total............................................................................ 10 124 49 8 170 58 77 23 40 19 22 GENERAL Lining makers (including lining closers and side and top facing stitchers), female: Illinois....... ................................. ................................ . Kentucky.......................... .................................... ..... Maine.................................... ........ ................................ Maryland and Virginia.............................—......... ..... Massachusetts............................................................._. Michigan........................ .............................. ............... Minnesota........—_____ ____________ ____ ___ ______ Missouri................... ........... ........ ............ ...... ........... . New Hampshire-------------------------------------------------New Jersey______ _______________ ____ ______ ____ _ New York______ _______________________ ________ Ohio.......................................... ........... ........................ . Pennsylvania_________________________ _______ — Tennessee________ ____________________ ___________ Wisconsin.................................................. ................. . .148 .287 .265 .242 .231 .230 .358 .269 .255 .209 .206 .288 1 13 ” 9* 3 16 17 24 21 00 T a b le B . — Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Continued PITTIN G OB STITCHING D E PARTM EN T—Continued 96 24 70 36 379 22 14 188 90 6 241 101 78 26 78 $0,324 .231 .329 . 219 ’ 382 .327 .258 .294 .327 .464 .373 .305 . 308 .261 .378 1,449 .338 Vampers, male: Tllinaiq ]/'ATI /)lrTT Titcrina lUTorYrlaYi/l onH Vircrinio Massachusetts TVTinn ACAta TV/Ticcnnri \TATir TTomnQhirA "KTaixt TfitcAV Now York PAnnQvl XTflTl1ft Wisconsin....................................................................... 1 1 4 4 36 1 3 4 1 7 2 3 (0 (1) 9 9 0) 35 13 12 0) 0) .505 .380 .601 C) .373 .392 0) .649 .542 .456 Total............................................................................. 67 283 .569 (1) 7 13 179 6 5 4 3 5 3 3 2 11 3 5 2 3 2 34 9 7 4 4 67 23 5 7 6 35 1 4 39 17 13 9 17 5 63 6 3 57 12 18 19 17 7 1 26 26 16 6 12 199 271 28 2 30 7 127 12 3 64 27 2 72 30 27 3 33 467 14 7 13 1 73 3 1 16 25 3 75 16 9 4 23 1 23 8 1 9 1 4 5 276 39 2 28 3 4 39 0) 1 1 2 2 3 1 1 3 24 1 2 1 73 (!) 1 31 2 1 2 3 1 20 0) 5 5 1 5 1 4 8 45 3 3 7 4 1 0) 6 6 47 60 1 1 1 * 10 2 <9 1 l 26 12 4 3 5 4 6 53 34 40 INDUSTRY 137 5 1 g 5 1 6 12 SHOE Total........................................... - ............................... 1 3 AND Mi phi Pan TV/TitiTiAQAfa TVTi.QQAnri Nftw TTarnn^hirp Maw Tftr^AV XTaw V nrlr Ohio Pftnncvl rrotiia AnnAQCAA Wisconsin........................................................................ 5 3 g 5 47 4 3 9 7 3 14 7 9 4 9 HOURS— BOOT TTATIt,11plrv Maine ATorvlonH an/1 Viroinia AND Top stitchers (including undertrimmers and barber trim mers), female: Number of wage earners whose earnings per hour were— Aver age earn Un 12, 90 $1.00, $1.20, $1.40 70, 80, 60, 50, 40, 25, 30, 20, 16, ings der under under under under under under under under under under cents, under under and per under 90 70 80 60 50 40 25 30 12 20 16 $1.20 $1.40 over hour cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 WAGES Occupation, sex, and State |Jnm- Num ber of ber of estab wage lish earn ments ers 7 1 1 1 1 2 19 7 2 1 = 1 Vampers, female: Illinois........... ................ Kentucky____________ Maine........ ................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts........... . Michigan................ ...... Minnesota..................... Missouri........................ New Hampshire........... New Jersey.................... New Y ork..................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania____ ____ Tennessee............ - ........ Wisconsin_______ ____ 5 3 8 5 40 4 4 9 7 3 15 7 8 4 9 97 22 39 24 179 20 13 124 72 13 201 91 78 36 88 .313 .236 .444 .264 .447 .329 .339 .326 .345 .488 .376 .328 .269 .270 .393 Total.......................... 131 1,097 .355 1 1 3 5 3 5 4 6 7 9 6 21 4 4 17 5 2 3 18 3 2 31 10 1 28 25 17 11 17 2 7 12 26 50 120 190 336 217 82 41 23 4 2 3 6 7 13 21 1 1 23 5 1 11 15 11 2 7 2 16 5 5 1 42 3 3 8 2 1 22 22 10 1 14 5 1 50 4 1 8 4 3 14 3 2 3 10 46 127 136 124 1 2 1 4 5 10 5 3 19 3 3 7 10 1 4 11 2 1 4 16 13 4 4 9 2 1 13 13 10 6 25 2 5 3 49 13 6 67 21 20 5 13 6 28 53 33 22 6 29 53 2 4 12 19 3 50 15 4 5 17 4 3 32 2 7 3 14 7 1 3 6 1 3 1 1 1 1 GENERAL LASTING DEPARTM EN T 4 3 8 6 45 4 3 9 7 3 17 7 9 4 9 Total....................................................... 138 574 .471 Assemblers for pulling-over machine, female: Illinois............................... ......................... Massachusetts...................................... . New Hampshire..........- ............................ New York....................................... .......... 1 8 4 3 8 11 12 12 Total....................................................... 16 43 39 $0,426 8 .325 22 .487 21 .326 171 .551 8 .474 .423 6 71 .401 15 .463 10 .490 75 .554 43 .405 .362 35 14 .322 .472 36 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 9 2 1 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 4 6 19 .192 .469 .354 .324 5 3 1 .339 5 1 2 3 1 15 1 1 1 3 7 6 3 1 24 20 8 1 4 15 3 10 5 1 4 1 1 3 1 63 35 7 1 5 2 2 1 6 2 2 1 1 TABLES Assemblers, for pulling-over machine, male: Illinois................... .................................... Kentucky................................................... Maine........ ............ .................................. Maryland and Virginia........ .................. Massachusetts____ ___________________ Michigan.................................... .............. Minnesota___________________ _____ Missouri____ ________________ ________ New Hampshire..................... .................. New Jersey............................... ................ New York................................................ Ohio.......................... .............................. Pennsylvania________________________ Tennessee............................ .................... Wisconsin.................................................. 1 5 1 1 00 00 T able B . — Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State Continued LASTING DEPARTM ENT—Continued Turn lasters, hand (including first and second lasters), male: Maryland and Virginia................................... ........... Massachusetts------------- ------------------------------ -------Minnesota---------------- -----------------------------------------Missouri................................. ..........r---------------------New J ersey...-------------- -------------------------- ----------New Y ork---------------------- ------- -------------------------Ohio................................. - .............- -----------------------Pennsylvania------------- ----------------------- --------- ------Wisconsin......................... ............ ............................. 1 5 1 1 1 5 1 2 1 5 108 g 16 0) 292 0) 101 8 .753 . 538 ! 295 .497 0) .552 0) .558 .315 Total........................................................................... 18 541 .543 1 j 2 12 4 3 2 3 18 7 4 14 9 12 26 30 8 1 2 1 2 12 1 2 i 1 2 2 7 1 2 6 24 9 21 12 10 32 60 3 3 1 1 7 3 3 4 24 20 21 4 15 11 83 11 3 78 14 1 38 22 20 17 1 15 3 89 5 9 18 14 3 3 67 1 55 1 29 16 10 4 39 13 3 4 8 4 1 1 28 3 1 2 24 16 11 1 10 2 1 1 1 16 2 7 35 52 25 14 6 22 219 356 290 191 ------- 124 ■ 9 2 1 1 29 1 17 1 25 1 1 25 2 9 4 7 36 72 2 0 54 28 7 4 2 17 28 3 1 3 2 5 78 0 50 14 55 125 164 103 57 9 5] 2 1 5 51 18 ■■■ = = 1 ■."■■Tr-s •-------- INDUSTRY 1,355 1 SHOE .515 _____ 132 Total........................................................................... 2 AND 106 $0,438 .344 18 .492 58 .370 51 . 596 372 !448 25 .497 13 144 .472 74 .439 .734 9 .567 212 .523 75 .433 66 .401 33 .526 99 HOURS— BOOT 5 O u 8 6 40 4 3 8 7 2 17 7 9 4 9 AND Bed-machine operators, male: Illinois..........................................................................Kentucky........................... ............................................ Maine................................. .................. ......................... Maryland and Virginia-------------------------- ------------Massachusetts------------ ---------------------- -----------------Michigan........................ . . ............. ................ ............. M innesota..---------------- ------------------------------ -------Missouri................................ - -------- ---------------- -----New Hampshire________________ ________ ________ New Jersey------------------------------------ -------- --------New York..................... ..................... ........ ................. Ohio__________ _________________________________ Pennsylvania ---------------------------------- ------------ ------Tennessee-------------. ------------------------------ -------------Wisconsin......................... ........... ................................. ber of ber of estab wage lish earn ments ers WAGES Occupation, sex, and State Number of wage earners whose earnings per hour were— Aver age earn Un 90 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 25, 16, $1.40 ings 12a under under under under under under under under under cents, $1.00, $1.20, and der under under under per under 90 80 70 60 50 40 25 30 20 16 12 over $1.40 $1.20 hour cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 B O TTO M IN G DE PA RTM E N T Goodyear stitchers, male: Illinois _____________ Kentucky________________ _____ ________ _________ Maine___________________________________________ Maryland and Virginia ______________ ___________ Massachusetts........................................... .................... Michigan___________________________ ____________ Minnesota.............. ............ ................ .......................... Missouri_____________ ______ _________ ___________ New Hampshire___ *........... - ...................................... New Jersey.... ........... ...... .............................................. New Y ork..................................................................... Ohio.......................................................................... ...... Pennsylvania _____ ____ ____ ______ __ Tennessee._______________________ ___________ ___ Wisconsin...................... ........................... .................... 3 ] 5 5 22 4 3 3 6 3 15 6 9 4 6 24 $0,706 3 .665 13 .517 .421 18 .633 118 .639 8 4 .588 33 .459 32 .534 .714 6 99 .645 28 .618 .502 46 .503 17 .556 37 Total............................................................................ 95 486 .585 Edge trimmers, male: Illinois........................................................................... Kentucky____________ _____ __________ ___________ Maine___________________________________________ Maryland and Virginia___________________________ Massachusetts___________________________________ Michigan________________________________________ Minnesota........... .......................................................... Missouri.___________________________ ____________ New Hampshire_________________________________ New Jersey ____________________________________ New Y ork............................................ ....................... . Ohio....... ..................... .................................................. Pennsylvania____________ _____ ____ ______ ______ _ Tennessee________________________________________ Wisconsin___________________________________ ____ 5 3 8 6 49 4 4 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 9 48 10 35 30 226 11 7 80 37 5 154 56 51 15 48 .504 .440 .548 .401 .648 .570 .481 .499 .538 .840 .639 .549 .427 .491 .614 Total__________________________________________ 146 813 .572 1 2 2 2 1 8 1 6 5 32 4 5 5 1 24 3 2 5 11 12 3 17 3 23 2 2 25 3 3 8 7 2 6 11 1 6 40 131 96 89 73 29 14 5 1 4 1 15 2 5 12 17 1 3 15 5 55 3 2 14 11 3 2 9 4 6 1 2 27 25 8 10 1 6 2 2 22 3 1 4 2 22 21 i 6 1 3 53 5 1 6 4 1 24 12 4 2 1 1 9 2 14 40 1 1 2 4 2 21 1 1 1 3 3 19 4 1 1 11 1 11 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 24 7 12 1 5 7 28 3 2 24 10 2 1 4 2 1 13 6 13 3 4 24 12 26 4 11 25 122 169 162 129 83 80 2 2 22 5 8 8 6 1 8 8 1 1 12 5 7 1 5 2 8 FINISHING D EPARTM EN T 5 49 $0,502 3 8 .331 8 .526 33 .382 22 6 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. i 1 5 2 1 1 1 1 Edge setters, male: Illinois__________________________ ________________ Kentucky ________________ ____ M a rn e ...______________________ _ _________ Maryland and Virginia............... ........... .................... 1 2 2 2 6 2 1 2 1 4 1 20 14 5 4 2 6 ..... | 6 24 8 2 22 6 13 6 5 1 1 9 3 3 1 16 2 _ T able B. — Average and classified earnings per hour in 14 specified occupations, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Continued 00 FINISHING DEPARTM ENT—Continued 1 132 .361 .307 .512 .477 .327 .404 .401 .626 .419 .405 .348 .308 .505 1 1,056 .433 1 59 .316 0 0 24 3 2 9 7 12 5 13 1 1 2 30 7 1 34 12 18 1 1 4 1 3 3 44 3 2 6 11 1 35 23 12 11 59 2 24 2 2 6 3 33 16 2 1 7■ 2 17 4 22 4 13 1 1 1 1 9 9 2 1 3 6 1 7 5 4 1 3 13 6 11 2 1 1 6 4 6 3 2 12 7 120 9 3 35 11 37 17 21 1 8 29 4 9 15 1 181 101 26 1 1 10 2 1 1 2 31 3 15 3 1 16 19 44 97 266 286 1 5 14 7 19 0 13 0 1 41 153 1 2 80 108 3 1 1 2 22 15 8 29 12 63 2 1 58 7 1 35 16 10 5 4 3 1 2 8 3 17 18 137 13 1 2 4 2 157 15 _____ 1 6 2 107 2 62 1 14 10 14 5 2 5 g 1 3 7 INDUSTRY 44 14 70 35 397 14 8 115 50 9 161 40 50 11 9 15 SHOE 2 4 AND Treers, hand and machine, female: Illinois....................................... Kentucky................................. 1 .551 T o ta l--__________________ Treers, hand and machine, male: Illinois__________ ____ ______ Kentucky......................... ........ Maine....................................... Maryland and Virginia......... Massachusetts.............. ........... Michigan.................................. Minnesota__________________ Missouri........................ ........... New Hampshire____________ New Jersey......... ............ ........ New York................................ Ohio.......................................... Pennsylvania................ - ......... Tennessee______ ___________ Wisconsin................................. Total..................................... 2 $0. 631 .610 .452 .467 .512 .689 .550 .543 . 454 .503 .645 HOURS— BOOT 203 7 6 51 37 9 157 61 49 11 41 AND Edge setters, male—Continued. Massachusetts........... ________ Michigan__ ____ ___________ Minnesota................................ Missouri........................... ........ New Hampshire____________ New Jersey..................... ......... New York_______ __________ Ohio................... ...................... Pennsylvania_____ _________ Tennessee_____ ____________ Wisconsin______ ___________ Number of wage earners whose earnings per hour were— Aver age earn Un 12, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 $1.00, $1.20, $1.40 40, 25, 30, 20, 16, ings der under under under under under under under under under under cents under under and per 90 under 60 80 50 70 12 40 16 30 20 25 $1.20 $1.40 over hour cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 WAGES Occupation, sex, and State Num Num ber of ber of estab lish earn ers ments 2 2 17 = ....... Maryland and Virginia................................................. Massachusetts................................................................ Minnesota....................................................................... Missouri. ....................................................................... New York................................................................... Ohio.......................................................................... . Pennsylvania........................................................... ...... Tennessee......................................... ............................ Wisconsin...................................................................... T o ta l......................................................................... . Total............................................................................ .241 .271 .236 .331 .301 .317 .258 .318 .318 0 • 5 9 2 4 3 3 19 5 10 2 0 1 3 1 2 41 249 .305 --------- ..........- = = = = = ===== 1 3 6 2 3 2 2 9 3 6 2 1 1 '1 1 2 1 1 8 4 15 0 .460 .484 .466 .473 .406 .765 .673 . 418 .450 .308 0 37 7 32 38 118 3 4 51 50 0) 71 31 33 6 38 .280 .272 .334 .238 .393 .267 .281 .287 .298 0 .357 .330 .281 .358 .343 131 590 .333 1 4 _!_____i_____ i 10 9 1 4 20 5 16 21 4 5 22 3 6 1 1 1 3 40 58 98 29 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 i 1 3 3 1 3 1 1 4 1 1 2 1 1 - - - - - ——— = 3 4 1 = = = 1 3" 2 2 1 6 3 1 1 3 1 1 0 1 4 2 9 3 10 1 5 9 4 2 12 12 = ——.. 1 1 3 8 1 3 1 8 4 1 1 4 8 16 10 7 76 1 3 8 2 61 24 1 19 29 1 1 1 5 3 6 9 6 5 10 16 3 3 19 6 3 2 1 12 2 5 1 1 18 4 10 1 18 15 17 14 3 13 14 6 65 121 220 98 30 13 3 1 33 —-----= 2 0 40 65 .524 — — -----— -= 5 3 7 6 47 2 3 9 7 1 18 6 7 3 7 1 3 3 4 3 2 2 11 1 1 1 1 9 2 1 2 2 TABLES T o ta l................................................ ......................... Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scour ers), female: Illinois....... .................... .............................................. Kentucky—................... .............................................. Maine........ ................................................ .................... Maryland and Virginia..... ........................................... Massachusetts..................... .......................................... Michigan..................... .................................................. Minnesota. ........................................................ ............ Missouri...................... ............................. ..................... New Hampshire______ ___________________________ New Jersey.............................................. ...................... New York............................................................ ......... Ohio......................................... ........ .............................. Pennsylvania - . ....... ............ ........................................ Tennessee............... ...... ................................. ............... Wisconsin............................. ........................................ 7 13 6 12 47 33 13 11 46 GENERAL Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scour ers), male: Kentucky...................... ................................................ Maine......................................................... ................... Massachusetts................................................................ Michigan...... ................................................................. Missouri................. ...................................................... New Hampshire_________________________________ New Jersey.............................................. ..................... New York.................................................................... Ohio................................................................................ Pennsylvania................................... 1.......................... Tennessee.................... ...... .................. .................... . Wisconsin............... ....................................................... 2 2 3 5 9 5 5 2 4 3 7 3 * 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 00 •<1 88 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T able C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupa tions, 1982, by department, sex, and State CUTTING DEPARTM ENT Num ber of Occupation, sex, and State estab lish ments Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male: Illinois..............- .......... Kentucky.__________ M ain e........................ . Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.............. Michigan..................... Minnesota_____ _____ Missouri............... ....... New Hampshire______ New Jersey................. . New York___________ Ohio............................ . Pennsylvania.............. . Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Aver Num age ber of full Over Over Over wage time Over 44, 45, 48, earn hours 50, 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un 54 55 60 ers per week der der der der 48 50 54 45 128 25 110 61 709 12 19 116 56 25 415 118 129 4 105 Wisconsin.. 125 Total. Skivers, upper, male: Kentucky.................... . M aine.......................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts............ . Michigan____________ New Hampshire......... . New York................. Pennsylvania.............. . 2,032 5 28 5 3 * 10 7 129 Total . 14 0 52.0 48.9 48.4 50.0 48.7 44.0 49.3 56 12 19 13 145 7 11 66 37 7 98 63 41 22 75 48.9 51.8 51.9 48.8 47.9 49.3 50.0 49.4 48.5 45.2 48.3 47.8 51.2 50.5 49.4 672 48.9 35 517 83 12 15 110 41 213 48.9 105 48.4 Total. Skivers, upper, female: Illinois......................... . Kentucky..................... M a in e......................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.............. Michigan...................... Minnesota___________ Missouri...................... . New Hampshire......... . New Jersey................. . New York.................. Ohio______ ____ _____ Pennsylvania............... Tennessee.................... . Wisconsin..................... 81 48.7 52.6 53.0 48.9 48.5 50.0 48.4 48.1 48.5 44.7 47.8 49.7 51.1 50.0 49.8 30 19 57 29 14 1,112 57 548 30 35 113 0) 10 32 10 31 8 135 32 27 12 10 23 15 35 11 302 39 220 19 21 FITTIN G OR STITCHING DEPARTM ENT Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (in cluding reinforcers, past ers, and fitters), male: Maine. ......................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts......... New Hampshire___ New Jersey......... . New Y o r k .............. Total..................... 4 0) 0) 0) 17 (») 50.5 (!) C1) 0) 44.2 26 46.0 0) 0) 17 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 36 10 89 GENERAL TABLES T a b l e C . — Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupa tions, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Continued CU TTIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (includ ing reinforcers, pasters, and fitters), female: Illinois............................. Kentucky....................... . Maine............................ . Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts_________ Michigan........................ . Minnesota....... ............... Missouri....... ................ . New Hampshire-............ New Jersey..................... New York...................... . Ohio................................ Pennsylvania................. . Tennessee_____________ Wisconsin..... ......... ........ TotalLining makers (including lining closers and side and top facing stitchers), female: Illinois.............................. Kentucky........................ Maine........................... . Maryland and Virginia. _ Massachusetts....... Michigan............ ........ Minnesota................... Missouri...................... New Hampshire_____ New Jersey_____ ____ New York__________ Ohio....... ..................... Pennsylvania............ . Tennessee-....... —........ Wisconsin.......... ......... TotalTop stitchers (including under trimmers and barber trimmers), male: Maine________________ Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts-------------Missouri______________ New Y o rk ...................... Pennsylvania....... .......... TotalTop stitchers (including under trimmers and barber trimmers), female: Illinois........................... — Kentucky....................... Maine...................... ........ Maryland and Virginia. _ Massachusetts................. Michigan.......................... Minnesota........................ Missouri........................... New Hampshire............. New Jersey...................... New York........................ Ohio______ ____ _______ Pennsylvania---------------Tennessee_________ ____ Wisconsin........................ Total- Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Aver Num Num age ber of ber of full estab time lish earn hours I er ments ers week 1,638 49.6 53.8 52.7 48.6 47.9 49.5 49.5 49.5 48.3 44.8 48.2 47.8 50.5 48.2 49.5 48.1 10 124 49 8 170 58 77 23 40 1,004 48.9 52.7 53.0 49.3 47.9 49.4 49.5 49.6 48.6 47.2 48.4 47.7 50.5 48.7 49.1 48.9 35 69 46 384 5 11 190 52 21 373 100 118 140 34 13 115 24 70 36 379 22 14 188 90 6 241 101 137 78 26 78 1,449 Over Over Over Over 44, 45, 48, 50, un 45 un 48 un 50 un 54 der der der der 45 54 48 50 25 18 18 71 20 16 30 707 48 67 34 47 64 34 54 20 8 54 33 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 169 67 255 52.0 50. 5 48.3 49.0 44.0 33 48.0 47.2 33 49.3 52.5 53.1 48.8 47.9 49.7 50.1 49.4 48.5 46.8 48.6 47.7 50.9 48.8 49.2 49.0 47 55 60 90 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY T a b le C. — Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupa tions, 1932, by department, sex, and State— Continued CU TTIN G DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Aver Num age ber of full wage time Over Over Over Over earn hours 44, 45, 48, 50, 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un 54 55 60 per ers week der der der der 45 48 50 54 Vampers, male: 0 0 Kentucky....................... Maine................... ......... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts................ Minnesota.—................. Missouri......................... New Hampshire............ New Jersey.................... New York...................... Pennsylvania............ Wisconsin.................. . TotalVampers, female: Illinois-.......... - .............. Kentucky...................... Maine................... ......... Maryland and Virginia . Massachusetts................ Michigan....................... Minnesota-.................. Missouri........................ New Hampshire_______ New Jersey___________ New York____ ________ Ohio................................ Pennsylvania-............... 7 13 179 0) 9 9 0 35 13 12 0 0 51.7 49.3 48.2 0 48.7 48.0 0 46.3 48.0 49.3 283 48.2 97 22 39 24 179 20 13 124 72 13 49.1 53.0 51.8 48.6 47.9 49.6 49.2 49.7 48.5 47.3 48.7 47.3 51.0 47.9 49.3 201 91 78 Wisconsin1,097 Total___ 0 147 0 14 0 14 26 42 18 48 100 18 49.0 102 383 30 36 LASTING DEPARTM EN T Assemblers for pulling-over machine, m..le: Illinois.............................. Kentucky......................... Maine. ............................ Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts................. Michigan......................... Minnesota................. ...... Missouri....................... . New Hampshire - _ ......... New Jersey.................. . New York_____________ Ohio................................. Pennsylvania_____ ____ _ Tennessee________ ____ _ Wisconsin..................... . Total........................... . 39 8 22 21 171 138 574 Assemblers for pulling-over machine, female: Illinois............................. Massachusetts-......... ..... New Hampshire_______ New York........................ Total........................... 43 48.8 52.8 52.8 48.8 48.4 49.4 49.8 49.4 48.5 46.6 48.3 48.0 52.4 49.6 50.2 49.1 23 19 22 50.0 48.0 48.3 49.5 12 48.9 12 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 14 186 10 18 33 13 91 GENEBAL TABLES T a b l e C .— Average and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupa tions, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Continued LASTING DEPARTM ENT—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Aver Num Num age ber of ber of full Over Over Over Over estab time lish earn hours 44, 45, 48, 50, 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un 54 per ments ers 60 der der week der der 45 54 48 50 Bed-machine operators, male: Illinois.............................. Kentucky-.................... . Maine................ .............. Maryland and Virginia. _ Massachusetts............ . Michigan................... — Minnesota.............. ......... Missouri........................... New Hampshire________ New Jersey...................... New York........................ Ohio__________________ Pennsylvania____ ______ Tennessee— .................... Wisconsin............... - ........ T o ta l........................... 132 Turn lasters, hand (including first and second lasters), male: Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts_________ •vlinnesota................. ...... Missouri........................... New Jersey...................... New York------ ------------Ohio............... ............... Pennsylvania------ --------Wisconsin......................... Total............................. 106 18 58 51 372 25 13 144 74 9 212 75 66 33 49.1 53.5 52.4 48.7 48.2 49.5 50.0 49.5 48.4 44.0 48.6 47.5 52.3 49.4 49.9 1,355 49.1 33 20 5 108 8 16 0) 292 (0 49.5 49.6 48.0 50.0 0) 44.2 276 0) 48.0 48.0 541 46.4 276 101 18 49 49 677 448 35 65 28 2 1 21 0) 16 0) 105 B O TTO M IN G DEPARTM EN T Goodyear stitchers, male: Illinois................. ............ Kentucky............... ........ Maine......... ............... .. Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts................ Michigan........................ Minnesota...................... Missouri......................... New Hampshire......... New Jersey..................... New York...................... Ohio........................... Pennsylvania................. Tennessee— ................... Wisconsin....................... Total. Edge trimmers, male: Illinois............................ Kentucky....................... M aine............................ Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts------------Michigan...................... . Minnesota............ ......... Missouri______________ New Hampshire............. New Jersey................... New York...................... 24 3 13 18 118 8 4 33 32 95 486 19 48 10 35 30 226 11 7 80 37 5 154 48.3 53.0 51.0 48.6 48.0 49.4 49.6 49.8 48.5 46.8 48.6 47.3 52.4 49.1 50.1 4 4 4 13 6 104 2 2 4 24 10 1 1 5 3 6 1 29 8 19 •5 4 5 8 239 8 146 19 21 15 21 2 19 7 167 3 4 18 30 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 2 10 6 24 3 11 1 10 7 22 3 3 1 38 1 12 6 6 22 56 15 8 49.0 52.8 52.7 48.9 48.4 49.3 49.6 49.6 48.4 47.4 48.5 20 85 24 6 3 12 1 2 8 12 40 8 1 2 62 1 7 2 1 57 — 1 92 WAGES AND HOURS— BOOT AND SHOE INDUSTRY and classified full-time hours per week in 14 specified occupa tions, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Continued T a b l e C . — Average B O T TO M IN G DEPA BTM E N T—Continued Occupation, sex, and State Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Aver Num Num age ber of ber of full Over Over Over Over estab wage time lish earn hours 44, 45, 48, 50, 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un 54 55 60 per ments ers der der der der week 45 54 48 50 Edge trimmers, male—Con. Ohio.............................. PflTinsvlvfvnift.__ Tennessee_____________ Wisconsin____ 7 9 4 9 56 51 15 48 47.5 52.5 49.7 49.9 Total_______________ _ 146 813 49.1 27 6 14 33 6 23 19 22 5 4 22 8 5 7 10 375 21 269 24 44 22 27 22 3 13 2 33 6 1 34 9 19 1 6 22 4 4 4 21 41 13 51 2 9 7 1 FINISHING DEPABTM ENT Edge setters, male: Illinois _______________ Kentucky______________ Mainft . _ ................... Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts__ _____ Michigan__________ ___ Minnesota . ____ Missouri. ______ New Hampshire_____ New Jersey______ . . . New York______ _______ Ohio __ _ ______ Pennsylvania__________ Tennessee_____________ Wisconsin_____________ 5 3 8 6 49 4 3 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 9 49 8 33 22 203 7 6 51 37 9 157 61 49 11 41 48.9 52.8 52.5 49.0 48.3 49.6 49.8 49.3 48.5 46.8 48.3 48.0 52.1 49.5 49.7 Total-................... ........ 145 744 49.0 Treers, hand and machine, male: Illinois________________ Kentucky______________ Maine_________________ Maryland and Virginia-_ Massachusetts _ _ _ _ Michigan__ _ ________ Minnesota_____________ Missouri___ ___________ New Hampshire New Jersey____________ New York _ - - ____ Ohio ......................... Pennsylvania__________ Tennessee - ____ Wisconsin _ _ 3 3 8 6 47 4 3 9 7 3 15 4 9 4 7 44 14 70 35 397 14 8 115 50 9 161 40 50 U 38 49.6 53.4 53.1 48.9 48.5 49.5 48.5 49.5 48.2 44.9 48.2 49.9 52.1 50.9 50.2 Total............................. 132 1,056 49.3 Treers, hand and machine, female: Illinois _______ Kentucky......................... Maryland and Virginia.. Massachusetts Minnesota _______ Missouri New York Ohio _________ Pennsylvania - - - ____ Tennessee Wisconsin 3 1 2 2 3 5 9 5 5 2 4 59 W7 13 6 12 47 33 13 11 46 49.0 0) 50.2 48.0 51.3 48.7 48.3 45.9 51.6 47.7 49.6 41 249 48.7 Total ___ - _______ 6 20 12 6 155 1 c 17 28 24 5 26 29 16 1 60 7 30 7 2 21 7 344 19 243 9 35 5 17 3 96 11 2 86 6 76 10 21 5 280 3 6 29 44 8 33 41 2 3 6 8 1 19 10 •4 9 8 466 31 392 18 70 25 (l) 5 2 I 8 35 1 4 10 3 9 99 3 29 30 27 1 3 3 13 I 8 37 1 2 18 13 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 3 16 4 6 2 80 10 30 5 5 11 46 2 2 9 • 3 4 37 15 4 78 6 2 17 2 3 1 3 93 GENERAL TABLES T a b le C.— Average and classified fuVAime hours per week in 14 specified occupations, 1982, by department, sex, and State— C ontinued FINISHING DEPABTM EN T-Continued Occupation, sex, and State Num ber of estab lish ments Repairers (not cobblers), (in cluding tip fixers and scourers), male: Kentucky______ _______ Number of wage earners whose full-time hours per week were— Aver Num age ! ber of full Over wage time Over Over Over earn hours 44, 45, 48, 50, 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un 54 55 60 ers per week der der der der 45 48 54 50 Massachusetts_________ Michigan______________ Missouri_______________ New Hampshire.............. New Jersey____________ New York......... .............. Ohio...................... ........... Pennsylvania__________ Tennessee___—_________ Wisconsin, __ 1 3 6 2 3 2 2 9 3 6 2 1 5 9 2 4 3 3 19 5 10 2 0) 0) 51.6 48.0 50.0 48.5 48.7 44.0 45.8 48.0 50.5 50.0 0) 0) Total................... ......... 40 65 48.2 Repairers (not cobblers), (in cluding tip fixers and scourers), female: Illinois__ _____________ Kentucky______________ Maine_________________ Maryland and Virginia.Massachusetts__ _______ M ichigan_____________ Minnesota________ __ M issouri-__ __________ New Hampshire________ New Jersey. ___________ New York_____________ Ohio ................... Pennsylvania - ____ ___ Tennessee ______ _____ _ Wisconsin_ __ _______ 5 3 7 6 47 2 3 9 7 1 18 6 7 3 7 37 7 32 38 188 3 4 51 50 0) 71 31 33 6 38 49.0 52.7 53.1 48.7 47.9 49.2 50.8 49.0 48.2 0) 48.2 48.3 50.5 48.3 49.6 Total............................. 131 590 48.8 4 3 3 1 1 1 2 1 ----- 25 14 1 3 3 18 19 3 7 1 9 2 5 1 0) 15 3 1 7 10 3 8 13 26 9 178 1 ' 1 25 45 2 37 25 5 2 1 26 5 7 2 16 9 2 31 10 349 32 124 12 i For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data induded in total. 153800°—33------7 2 1 1 3 2 3 12 0) 2 3 9 3 1 1 25 2 0) 5 7 20 32 1 .... 1 1 T a b le D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, a n d State CO CUTTING DEPARTM EN T 0) 48.5 44.9 40.0 49.8 37.7 42.6 33.0 36 63 41.5 5 2 8 5 38 56 12 19 13 145 44.4 43.1 45.9 48.1 42.3 ____ I____ 10 13 6 1 10 4 1 1 3 27 4 1 1 41 1 1 22 42 1 62 1 2 18 18 4 14 1 13 3 16 28 2 33 1 2 29 102 84 1 55 6 1 138 4 31 18 1 8 2 80 7 1 23 3 13 1 1 4 15 17 1 1 52 4 10 5 73 18 173 7 1 33 7 __ 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 6 1 1 1 52 3 2 54 7 2 127 32 7 2 9 20 1 3 1 1 5 6 1 2 35 10 5 34 1 6 15 i 4 24 3 2 22 3 72 6 111 9 270 1 64 1 6 1 1 16 2 1 44 6 8 11 11 15 1 20 129 1 2 7 18 3 7 2 3 11 1 17 3 2 2 1 1 2 5 1 1 1 1 2 4 i 57 2 7 __ 6 3 2 2 1 3 1 10 1 4 20 7 21 16 15 3 4 3 1 1. 1 11 1 68 55 55 3 6 37 3 2 2 1 4 2 2 2 5 1 2 60 Over 60 6 1 1 1 1 3 4 2 3 14 13 2 1 1 4 34 2 11 1 2 1 1 1 30 7 5 0) 1 1 57, un der 60 11 2 5 Over 54, un der 57 11 5 7 4 1 1 2 2 5 2 1 15 1 6 2 8 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 26 4 10 1 3 5 1 60 2*2 8 10 . . . . . 35 34 16 2 3 1 272 43 201 1 1 63 2 54 1 1 2 1 4 1 __ 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 INDUSTRY 4 5 28 5 3 10 7 0) 1 Over 51, Over Over Over Over 44, 45, 48, 50, 40, un 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un un der der der der der der 54 51 44 45 48 50 SHOE 1 3 3 16 2 3 4 4 49.5 51.7 48.4 50.8 40.5 44.8 42.8 35.7 35.6 21.2 34.4 44.2 43.7 44.3 36.7 40.3 40 AND Total ................... Skivers, upper, female: Illinois ___ _______ Kentucky .. Maine Maryland and VirghiiaMassachusetts.............. 4 128 3 25 7 110 4 61 709 42 2 12 3 19 8 116 6 56 3 25 19 415 5 118 9 129 2 4 8 i05 125 2,032 16, 20, 24, 28, 1 32, 36, un un un un un un der der der der der der 32 24 28 36 40 20 HOURS— BOOT Kentucky __ ____ Maine _______ Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota _ _ Missouri New Hampshire New Jersey New York Ohio Pennsylvania Tennessee Wisconsin......... ........... Total.......................... Skivers, upper, male: Kentucky Maine Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts Michigan New Hampshire New York ___ Pennsylvania Number of wage earners whose hours actually worked in 1 week were— AND Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male: Aver age hours actu ally Un 12, work der un ed in 12 der 16 1 week WAGES Num Num ber ber of of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earn ments ers Michigan............ . Minnesota.......... . Missouri........ ...... New HampshireNew Jersey......... . New York............ Ohio.................... . Pennsylvania___ Tennessee........... . Wisconsin........... . Total...................... - 7 11 66 37 7 98 63 41 22 75 129 672 10 39.7 12 33 27 40 20 47 13 1 1 16 2 2 135 10 13 63 22 1 FITTIN G OB STITC H IN G D EPABTM EN T 0 4 0 0 0 17 26 0 38.8 0) 0 0 48.7 45.9 5 138 3 35 7 69 5 46 384 48 2 5 4 11 9 190 7 52 3 21 19 373 7 100 9 118 4 33 8 63 140 1,638 47.9 48.0 45.5 50.0 40.9 41.3 42.6 42.8 39.9 25.6 39.2 40.5 44.2 36.8 34.8 41.6 1 0 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 2 2 1 9 3 1 1 1 2 2 7 1 1 1 3 22 3 1 18 1 16 3 1 43 0 0 1 2 1 1 4 3 4 9 3 4 18 3 1 16 1 8 13 5 2 57 1 2 4 12 2 2 11 52 3 4 7 14 3 1 3 60 1For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 1 1 3 2 2 13 16 3 12 6 72 14 1 21 13 2 20 92 1 25 3 1 44 7 10 0 1 6 1 1 17 3 1 6 4 12 7 5 2 56 2 37 13 1 79 34 3 1 ____ 3 165 39 254 1 3 1 1 1 10 1 2 1 4 7 3 1 6 10 16 4 2 31 1 39 18 10 9 3 1 5 2 31 1 2 125 7 3 19 3 6 16 7 2 4 2 18 6 31 8 1 8 40 22 3 1 181 1 114 1 25 2 1 14 88 4 8 39 2 3 4 71 1 25 4 7 2 2 119 4 7 2 1 1 2 5 1 14 14 1 14 2 22 12 2 4 4 1 11 1 1 1 19 1 4 1 8 3 88 13 28 1 8 3 12 TABLES Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (in cluding reinforcers, past ers and fitters), female: Illinois-........................ Kentucky..................... Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.......... Michigan____________ Minnesota.................... Missouri............. ......... New Hampshire.......... New Jersey.................. New York___________ Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania________ Tennessee___________ Wisconsin___________ Total......................... 1 1 1 1 1 3 8 GENERAL Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (in* eluding reinforcers, past ers, and fitters), male: Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts.............. New Hampshire.......... New Jersey................... New York.................... Total.......................... 9 3 8 17 5 1 9 10 16 17 CO Ol T able D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Con. FITT IN G OB STITCHING DEPARTM EN T—Continued Marylandand V irginia. M assachusetts----------TIT1/)Vt1fTQTl TVyfinnDCAfo iccAnri 'K /T Ohio Top stitchers (including under trimmers and bar ber trimmers), male: IV/T Marylandand Virginia. M assachusetts----------"PfilinOTTlTTOTllQ Total.......................... 143 1,004 39.1 7 3 19 7 9 4 8 2 2 21 2 5 2 2 4 61 2 33 13 52.0 50.5 38.6 4ol 8 42.7 45.6 34 115 41.3 1 3 1 1 2 1 - 9 3 7 4 13 1 2 1 2 1 9 2 3 2 16 10 27 1 8 32 3 3 5 2 1 16 7 3 2 2 g 2 4 30 4 g 8 2 23 11 1 g 7 87 73 3 6 1 3 1 21 2 3 48 6 11 1 23 g 5 25 6 2 19 1 9 3 2 89 120 1 1 12 1 4 19 5 2 1 2 11 3 2 19 3 1 3 6 23 2 1 6 4 1 3 11 10 1 2 19 2 8 2 3 2 1 1 2 100 17 13 1 7 1 2 33 7 2 5 1 103 2 4 9 4 4 4 1 2 6 6 15 10 1 1 1 12 3 4 4 2 8 1 1 11 2 2 2 1 14 6 2 10 33 72 54 49 5 35 6 2 2 1 122 12 11 2 1 4 1 5 7 4 4 1 2 1 1 3 2 2 5 3 6 8 7 8 3 3 3 2 2 1 7 1 1 1 60 Over 60 4 2 5 2 2 3 1 1 2 57, un der 60 9 18 7 8 1 2 3 1 24 21 3 2 1 4 9 1 5 9 1 2 8 4 2 • 5 INDUSTRY Total________ _____ g 1 Over 54, un der 57 SHOE Tennessee......... .......... Wisconsin..................... 45.1 41.3 42.4 45.2 41.1 39.0 47.1 38.6 31.9 27.3 34.4 40.7 40.0 33.1 36.0 54 AND New Hampshire--------- 65 13 42 28 288 g 10 124 49 g 170 58 77 23 40 Over 51, Over Over Over Over 45, 50, un 48, 44, 40, un 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un der der 54 der der der der 51 48 44 45 50 HOURS— BOOT Ai’oirio 5 3 8 5 49 4 3 40 AND Lining makers (including lining closers and side and top facing stitchers), female: Tllinnte 17*AnfiiAlriT hours actu 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, ally Un 12, un un un un un un work der un der der der der der der der ed in 12 24 28 32 36 40 20 16 1 week WAGES Number of wage earners whose hours actually worked in 1 week were— AverNum Num ber ber of of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earn ments ers Top stitchers (including under trimmers and bar ber trimmers), female: Illinois_____ ____ ____ Kentucky.................... M aine..................... . Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts............ . Michigan.......... ........... Minnesota................... M issouri--.................. New Hampshire.......... New Jersey__________ New York.................... O h i o - - ........................ Pennsylvania............. . WisconsinTotal.. Vampers, male: Illinois--......... — Kentucky........... ......... Maine____ ___________ Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.. _ Minnesota.......... Missouri............. New HampshireNew Jersey_____ New Y ork......... Pennsylvania___ Wisconsin........... Total.. Vampers, female: Illinois--............ Kentucky......... Maine............ . Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts. __ Michigan............ Minnesota_____ Missouri_______ New HampshireNew Jersey_____ New York.......... Ohio.................... Pennsylvania___ 96 24 70 36 379 22 14 188 90 6 241 101 78 26 78 50.4 48.5 44.7 47.3 41.6 33.6 41.8 38.5 33.0 34.8 36.4 41.9 44.9 37.2 37.2 137 1,449 40.5 5 3 8 5 47 4 3 9 7 3 14 7 9 4 9 1 1 4 1 1 1 15 1 1 3 2 6 1 2 1 29 1 1 4 4 36 1 3 4 1 7 2 3 (») <*) 7 13 179 0) 9 9 (*) 35 13 12 0) 51.1 51.1 42.0 C1) 41.5 39.4 (l) 39.4 43.4 31.8 0) 67 283 41.6 4 5 3 8 5 40 4 4 9 7 3 1 15 1 7 8 I1 97 22 39 24 179 20 13 124 72 13 201 91 78 49.3 48.1 41.4 46.3 39.7 35.3 43.4 37.9 37.6 31.1 35.2 38.0 44.4 0) 3 13 2 1 1 8 23 7 1 4 4 10 5 1 1 4 1 1 1 12 34 51 1 1 1 6 3 1 23 9 2 16 1 2 1 10 4 2 7 16 67 2 1 1 24 4 72 2 7 2 4 1 3 2 126 3 7 1 3 1 6 3 1 2 3 13 4 2 2 1 2 1 2 4 13 1 1 2 9 12 1 3 5 13 25 2 3 2 3 2 1 data included in total. 10 2 4 0) 9 1 6 2 2 3 2 2 7 1 3 14 ‘ ~2i ‘ ” 32" 8 1 2 11 39 4 15 6 1 41 46 5 16 5 6 2 5 1 4 7 1 131 52 0) 1 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, 1 2 1 5 1 13 1 1 4 35 13 1 5 22 3 12 6 3 1 3 191 18 1 2 6 2" 5 2 1 1 1 19 5 1 1 7 23 52 3 7 15 1 7 5 1 107 1 3 8 20 7 2 6 1 69 1 19 3 —-- 9 2 4 11 1 8 5 6 1 2 2 1 1 18 1 3 1 1 21 3 3 5 11 1 3 25 4 % i 15 3 1 34 19 4 33 2 . 9 6 13 2 2 14 4 7 133 179 97 63 7 48 15 4 1 5 4 1 1 2 1 54 1 3 4 3 (») 4 0) 31 15 2 5 2 1 2 8 3 1 8 2 4 29 5 6 1 17 4 1 2 25 1 1 2 4 1 5 8 1 28 2 4 1 5 "1 8 ' 5 1 12 28 11 3 1 39 19 4 26 1 22 5 9 4 57 31 1 1 13 1 1 1 1 2 1 31 5 6 2 2 5 36 2 1 24 19 1 15 4 1 1 2 3 1 1 6 1 1 1 4 12 2 3 1 6 28 57 10 16 2 2 4 16 6 g 2 1 3 9 4 27 4 4 1 29 7 2 21 46 4 11 3 3 15 2 3 . -- 1 2 4 2 1 1 2 4 2 4 0 4 22 2 3 6 2 3 2 7 6 1 2 3 7 6 14 18 3 14 2 5 1 1 2 4 tt' O 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 2 CD T a b l e D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State— C o n t d . CO 00 FITTIN G OR STITCHING DEPARTM ENT—Continued 36 4 9 88 131 1, 097 33.1 34.4 39.2 15 8 1 2 21 1 26 62 4 2 70 18 6 90 1 10 127 36, un der 40 40 Over Over 51, Over Over Over 45, 44, 48, 50, 40, un 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un un der der der der der der 54 51 48 44 45 50 54 Over 54, un der 57 57, un der 60 60 Over 60 1 10 87 5 26 1 7 124 1 ____ 47 7 1 1 55 1 4 70 1 78 61 18 52 2 3 59 8 8 7 6 6 LASTING DEPARTM ENT 1l Assemblers for pullingover machine,. male: 1 8 4 3 16 8 11 12 12 43 48.9 41.3 35.4 42.5 41.4 23 1 3 4 1 1 2 2 1 2 5 4 1 16 1 4 1 1 11 2 1 1 1 = = 1 3 3 6 3 10 5 7 18 2 45 2 1 1 1 18 2 2 1 1 1 3 7 7 1 8 5 3 5 6 46 1 1 2 2 10 2 1 15 1 3 12 3 17 1 4 1 21 3 1 5 2 1 69 51 4 2 3 1 6 = 1 u = 1 1 1 3 8 1 8 16 10 5 14 10 4 1 1 93 4 6 1 2 2 15 1 1 6 4 2 1 18 3 4 1 2 2 1 2 1 13 1 2 2 1 2 u = 2 1 3 8 8 17 46 3 2 14 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 4 51 1 50 2 5 4 2 9 1 4 1 12 5 3 7 7 5 ... 2 1 2 1 6 25 7 1 ===== 1 1 1 3 2 3 1 13 4 3 4 1 5 = = 1 5 1 F = 1 F = i= = INDUSTRY Wisconsin.............. ...... Total.......................... Assemblers for pullingover machine, female: TTImniQ TV/Tqccq^hiicatf<s Mow X >CW TTomnQhifp iiaiiuyou uc....... New York.................... Total 46.0 46.4 39.3 41.0 40.1 34.8 44.8 38.2 34.1 33.7 34.3 38.2 33.3 35.6 35.8 38.4 SHOE Missouri------------------New Hampshire------- VTATtr T KTa ttt V JN 6W XOrK---- ----- -----Ohio ’D flnnCT?’]T7QT11Q jrennbyxvauxa— 39 8 22 21 171 8 6 71 15 10 75 43 35 14 36 574 AND Maryland and Virginia. 4 3 8 6 45 4 3 9 7 3 17 7 9 4 9 138 HOURS— BOOT Wisconsin___________ Total ____________ of wage earners whose hours actually worked in 1 week were— AND Vampers, female—Contd. Number Aver age hours actu Un 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, un un un un un un ally der der der der der work der 12 der 32 36 28 24 16 20 ed in 1 week WAGES Num Num ber ber of of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earn ments ers Bed-machine operators, male: Illinois_____ ____ ___ Kentucky.... ............... Maine.......................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts......... Michigan................. Minnesota............... Missouri.................. New Hampshire___ New Jersey.............. New York............... Ohio......................... Pennsylvania_____ Tennessee................ Wisconsin................ Total.. 106 18 58 99 49.2 48.0 44.9 39.8 41.2 35.1 45.2 40.0 37.8 34.2 37.4 39.2 39.7 39.0 35.7 132 1,355 40.4 5 108 8 16 (*) 292 0) 101 8 42.2 33.2 33.4 37.5 0) 52.4 0) 31.9 26.0 541 43.5 51 372 25 13 144 74 9 212 75 Turn lasters, hand (includ ing first and second last ers). male: Marylandand Virginia. Massachusetts............. Minnesota.................... Missouri..................... New Jersey................... New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............. . Wisconsin..................... Total- 18 25 23 100 28 56 141 54 216 151 15 132 41 58 65 24 28 12 30 66 11 19 48 54 58 37 11 3 1 16 6 22 15 52 57 BO TTO M IN G D E PARTM EN T Goodyear stitchers, male: Illinois........ .......... . K en tu ck y ................. Maine........................... Marylandand Virginia. Massachusetts.. .......... Michigan...................... Minnesota.................... Missouri....................... New Hampshire.......... New Jersey................. . 3 1 o 5 22 4 3 3 6 3 24 3 13 18 118 8 4 33 32 6 41.1 44.5 40.0 43.3 39.1 37.7 45.5 33.2 37.2 34.3 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 13 2 1 3 5 6 2 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in totaL 3 1 22 1 1 9 1 6 1 2 7 3 2 1 1 1 4 4 1 9 4 21 3 1 1 1 1 16 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 30 2 8 2 2 1 15 2 6 1 1 3 2 1 1 T a b l e D .— Average and classified hours actually worked in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1982, by department, sex, and State— Contd. B OTTO M IN G DEPABTM ENT—Continued 15 6 9 4 6 99 28 46 17 37 30.9 35.0 39.2 37.8 35.2 8 6 10 36.6 5 3 8 6 49 4 4 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 9 48 10 35 30 226 11 7 80 37 5 154 56 51 15 48 46.0 48.0 43.7 40.4 41.4 35.7 42.9 42.5 37.8 36.4 33.3 37.3 39.5 39.5 34.6 2 1 I ’otal.......................... 146 813 39.3 9 4 10 10 50 68 53 51 2 4 11 4 3 2 7 3 5 16 3 2 4 1 1 10 42 2 1 10 19 1 1 3 2 1 18 1 10 20 67 24 1 5 12 10 1 3 7 4 3 3 8 1 31 2 17 10 2 13 11 12 8 6 5 25 58 72 8 1 1 6 3 5 1 1 15 1 19 10 63 2 12 2 13 5 1 60 10 1 1 1 1 2 2 8 6 2 6 1 1 1 1 2 20 15 11 3 1 4 146 11 1 2 1 3 1 1 2 5 2 3 5 6 5 1 1 6 2 1 1 8 3 3 7 3 i 12 in I 14 3 19 1 2 12 4 6 10 8 3 34 1 56 3 2 3 4 2 2 3 2 19 5 7 51 ..... 1 8 6 4 1 1 12 1 2 1 5 1 24 53 82 68 33 7 2 1 1 1 2 60 1 5 11 57, un der 60 1 1 2 1 3 10 1 1 3 •6 1 2 24 3 19 16 9 5 1 2 4 1 6 FINISHING D E PABTM EN T Edge setters, male: Illinois______________ Kentucky..................... 5 3 49 8 46.3 48.1 1 9 9 2 1 3 Over 60 3 1 INDUSTRY 486 1 4 2 15 4 14 Over 54, un der 57 SHOE 95 23 3 5 1 15 8 3 5 8 54 AND Total.......................... 40 10 4 1 2 3 2 Edge trimmers, male: Illinois.......................... Kentucky..................... Maine______________ _ Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts_______ Michigan____________ Minnesota___________ Missouri_____ ______ _ New Hampshire_____ New Jersey..... ............. New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania________ Tennessee................. . Wisconsin.... ................ Over Over Over Over Over 51, 44, 40, 45, 48, 50, un 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un un der der der der der der 54 44 45 48 50 51 36, un der 40 HOURS— BOOT Goodyear stitchers, male— Continued. * New York___________ Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee................... Wisconsin___________ of wage earners whose hours actually worked in 1 week were— AND Number Aver age hours actu 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, ally Un 12, un un un un un work der un der der der der der der ed in 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 lweek WAG^S Num Num ber ber of of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earn ments ers O O Maine____________ ___ Marylandand Virginia. Massachusetts___- ___ Michigan.................... . Minnesota___________ Missouri....................... New Hampshire.......... New Jftrsey................. . New York....... .......... . Ohio............................ . Pennsylvania________ Tennessee......... .......... Wisconsin................... Total.. Wisconsin . Total___ 145 14 10 744 16 53 57 65 13 123 23 45 55 63 31 25 27 10 47 4 3 9 13 w 115 50 9 161 40 50 19 1 i 20 13 2 11 38 132 1,056 0) 7 13 6 12 47 33 13 11 46 249 42.5 10 43 25 47.£ C1) 45. ? 32.; 44.1 51 37 72 22 153 0) 16 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in totaL 64 12 76 64 13 "Y 20 Ta b l e s Treers, hand and machine, female: Illinois...... .................. Kentucky................... . Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts_____ Minnesota............... Missouri.................. New York............... Ohio......................... Pennsylvania.......... 11 41 43.5 42.2 41.7 34.5 44.9 40.0 35.5 36.1 35.0 39.8 38.4 36.4 33.5 General Treers, hand and machine, male: Illinois_____________ Kentucky__________ Maine__________ ____ Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts......... Michigan_________ Minnesota________ Missouri.................. New Hampshire___ New Jersey.............. New York............... Ohio.......... ............... Pennsylvania.......... Tennessee.............. Wisconsin— ........... Total— 33 22 203 7 6 51 37 9 157 61 49 T able D.— Average and classified hours actually worked in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State— Con. FINISHING DEPARTM ENT—Continued 0) 53.9 39.7 41.0 33.2 29.7 34.7 38. C 34.7 45.1 37.5 0) 19.5 54 0) 43.3 60 Over 60 10 15 31 33 66 23 113 54 52 6 33 10 19 INDUSTRY 38 590 57, un der 60 SHOE 15 37 7 32 38 188 3 4 51 50 0) 71 31 131 Over 54, un der 57 0) 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Over Over Over Over Over 44, 45, 48, 50, ‘ 51, 40, un 44 un 45 un 48 un 50 un un der der der der der der 54 44 45 51 50 AND 40 2 4 3 3 19 5 10 2 (*) 66 40 HOURS— BOOT (*) Number of wage earners whose hours actually worked in 1 week were— AND Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scourers), male: Kentucky.................... Maine........................... Massachusetts.............. Michigan...................... Missouri....................... New Hampshire.......... New Jersey....... ........... New York................. .. Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania........... .. Tennessee................... Wisconsin..................... Total......................... Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scourers), female: Illinois......................... Kentucky..................... Maine............... .......... Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts............. Michigan...................... Minnesota.................... Missouri-........ ............ New Hampshire......... New Jersey.................. New York.................... Ohio..... ........................ Pennsylvania............... Tennessee.................... Wisconsin..................... Total......................... Aver age hours actu 16, 20, 24, ally Un 12, un un un work der un der der der der ed in 12 24 28 20 16 lweek WAGES Num Num ber ber of of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earn ments ers T a b le E.— Average and classified actual earnings in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State CUTTING D EPARTM EN T Num Num ber of ber of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish, earn ments ers Cutters, vamp and whole shoe, hand, male: Illinois.......................... Kentucky................... . Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts......... Michigan................. Minnesota________ Missouri.................. New Hampshire___ New Jersey.............. New York________ Ohio........ ................ Pennsylvania.......... Tennessee................ Wisconsin................ Total.................... Skivers, upper, male: Kentucky_________ Maine....... ................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts....... . Michigan.......... ...... New Hampshire_____ New York............... Pennsylvania.......... Total..................... Aver age earn ings in i week $12, $14, $16, $18, $20, $22, $24, $28, $30, $32, $34, $36, $38, $40, $45, $50, $55, un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un $60 der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der and $14 $16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26 $30 $34 $36 $40 $45 $50 $55 $60 over 128 $27.35 25 23.88 110 25. 79 61 24.24 709 28.18 12 22.78 19 20.13 116 28. 55 56 18.08 25 16. 35 415 24. 53 118 24.28 129 22.95 4 24.02 105 20.16 125 2,032 W4 5 28 5 3 10 7 25.59 0) 25.48 11. 56 24.78 20.12 16.50 32.78 9.51 22.31 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. Number of wage earners whose actual earnings in 1 week were— 10 4 3 20 1 I 9" 11 1 15 1 1 17 75 102 105 137 167 230 151 110 91 23 ‘T .... 27 T a b l e E . — Average and classified actual earnings in 1 week in 14. specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State— Continued CUTTING DEPARTM EN T—Continued 14.06 6 4 2 5 3 1 22 2 12 2 2 15 15 23 2 2 4 3 2 2 2 2 3 28 23 27 8 11 1 7 2 1 12 1 2 17 33 59 78 105 53 6 2 2 1 2 1 1 6 1 2 6 7 1 57 53 32 2 5 2 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 FITTIN G AND STITCH IN G DE PA RTM E N T 1 1 1 1 1 3 8 0) 17 0) $4.45 0) 0) 0) 23.19 Total________ 8 26 20.20 0) 4 1 INDUSTRY Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (in cluding reinforcers, past ers, and fitters), male: Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.............. New HampshireNew Jersey------New York--------- 0) 3 0) 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 SHOE 672 9 $55, $60 un and der over $60 AND Total................. . 10 $50, un der $55 HOURS— BOOT 56 $14. 12 9. 19 19. 13 12. 145 19. 8. 7 11 13. 66 13. 37 10. 7 12. 98 14. 63 10. 41 11. 22 7. 75 11. $38, $40, $45, un un un der der der $40 $45 $50 AND Skivers, upper, female: Illinois...................... Kentucky................ Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts....... . Michigan................. Minnesota_________ Missouri.................. New Hampshire___ New Jersey.............. New York________ Ohio......................... Pennsylvania.......... Tennessee............... Wisconsin____ ____ Number of wage earners whose actual earnings in 1 week were— Aver age earn $4, $8, $10, $12, $14, $16, $18, $20, $22, $24, $26, $28, $30, $32, $34, $36, ings Un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un in 1 der der un der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der week $4 $6 $10 $12 $14 $16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34 $36 $38 WAGES Num Num ber of ber of Occupation, sex, and State wage lish- earn ments ers 0) (9 2 1 3 1 3 2 1 2 1 4 2 3 2 1 1 1 0 1 Cementers and doublers, hand and machine (in clu d in g r e in fo rce rs , pasters, and fitters), female: Illinois-.................... . Kentucky.................... Maine.......... ............... Massachusetts___ Michigan............. Minnesota............ Missouri............... New HampshireNew Jersey.......... New York______ Ohio..................... Pennsylvania...... Total___ Massachusetts___ Michigan.............. Minnesota............ Missouri............... New HampshireNew Jersey........ New Y ork______ Ohio...................... Pennsylvania....... Tennessee_______ Wisconsin............ Total- 8.59 8.56 11.91 7.38 11.73 10.95 10. 32 9.88 9.19 9.18 10.54 10.32 9.24 7.59 10.02 17 1 2 8 30 140 1, 638 10.26 65 13 42 28 288 9 10 124 49 8 170 58 77 23 40 13.32 9.19 12.15 10.69 14.58 10.30 12.16 10.04 8.78 10.90 11. 85 11.70 9.81 9.39 12.99 5 3 8 5 49 4 3 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 8 12 2 6 3 2 27 4 14 6 53 2 1 57 14 6 71 20 30 5 20 17 6 11 5 56 15 4 3 53 13 9 6 1 29 17 7 9 35 1 1 33 10 3 68 19 29 13 16 95 184 290 1 3 1 4 2 9 1 5 6 8 6 8 1 1 9 12 1 21 7 8 11 1 1 6 5 1 2 9 7 9 8 1 23 2 5 11 39 12 3 2 12 2 11 2 7 3 8 1 45 3 34 9 7 43 15 21 2 4 11 2 7 6 43 1 5 25 3 1 36 12 14 4 9 4 5 1 330 233 179 126 77 7 3 4 4 24 1 1 31 8 13 1 6 3 30 3 4 37 3 1 34 9 11 1 10 9 5 1 3 2 38 11 1 5 1 48 1 4 1 1 1 29 15 14 3 6 2 5 58 3 1 14 7 2 38 9 9 4 6 10 2 1 33 8 4 2 8 4 1 13 4 7 3 8 4 3 3 1 1 21 1 27 17 9 3 4 3 1 1 4 1 1 26 6 4 14 2 1 6 1 9 1 54 31 26 5 3 3 6 2 21 2 1 17 12 1 1 1 9 6 6 3 7 5 2 2 2 4 1 1 2 1 1 143 1,004 12.11 38 64 105 150 166 167 99 93 55 ==! ===== =--.- "" =========== = = ===== ======---■ ■===== = — 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 28 4 4 5 7 4 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 18 10 5 3 ===== = = 2 1 2 1 = === 105 3 7 TABLES Lining makers (including liningclosersand side and top-facing stitchers), female: Illinois......................... . Kentucky................... Maine........................... 138 35 69 46 384 5 11 190 52 21 373 100 118 33 63 GENERAL Wisconsin _ 5 3 7 5 48 2 4 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 8 T able £ .— Average and classified actual earnings in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State— Continued FITTIN G AND STITCHING D E PARTM EN T—Continued Mo'w V nrV Pennsylvania............... Total XT awt T a r c A if New York----------------unio __- _______^-----------------------Pennsylvania--------------------Tennessee----------------------------Wisconsin................. — Total...................... . Vampers, male: TIlinjriQ Maine....... ..............— 115 24.87 5 3 0 0 K O 47 96 24 70 qcO O 379 22 14 188 90 6 241 101 78 26 78 16. 32 11.22 14.71 10.34 1 2 0K 15.87 1 11.00 2 10.80 11. 29 10 10. 81 17 16! 15 9 13. 57 0 7 12. 76 0 13.81 & 1 Q fiQ s. oy 1 14.08 1 3 Q 7 3 14 7 9 4 9 137 1,449 13.68 1 0) 1 V O')) 4! 7 25.79 8 1 1 34 A 1 51 3 1 1 6 2 4 1 6 1 1 3 4 4 3 1 5 2 4 6 11 11 8 8 10 6 7 6 3 6 4 6 3 1 18 5 4 4 2 31 12 7 8 7 15 3 13 4 44 1 2 22 3 1 32 17 12 2 5 11 12 13 12 7 12 6 42 7 4 33 15 2 32 15 12 0 17 17 1 3 18 4 4 R O 5 22 5 2 39 10 10 *Ar 10 3 12 2 2 1 54 1C8 161 222 227 176 1 1 2 9 5 3 7 2 1 9 25 3 2 5 1 1 1 7 3 53 3 1 39 7 1 39 21 13 4 19 1 4 3 10 3 45 10 g 32 — ... 25 2 22 ... .. 14 5 4 3 2 3 23 7 12 24 7 11 3 9 1 16 6 2 5 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 5 1 1 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 8 1 1 2 1 16 7 8 4 1 1 1 8 4 1 2 1 1 3 1 10 8 5 1 1 1 147 111 81 40 21 24 10 1 2 2 1 0) 0) \) 1 1 2 2 3 INDUSTRY New Hampshire_____ 1 x 2 1 SHOE Kentucky----------------Maine..... ..................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts----------Michigan..................... Minnesota, 2 $32.36 21.97 61 24. 71 2 15.01 33 28.01 13 18.93 4 AND Top stitchers (including under trimmers and bar ber trimmers), female: 2 0 21 2 5 2 HOURS— BOOT Miarylandand Virginia. M QCCQ/>h1uou 1Q AttttoQ. •. . . . . . . 1 VXaooatii $38, $40, $45, $50, $55, $60 un un un un un and der der der der der over $40 $45 $50 $5-5 $60 AND Top stitchers (including under trimmers and bar ber trimmers), male: Number of wage earners whose actual earnings in 1 week were— Aver age earn $4, $6, $8, $10, $12, $14, $16, $18, $20, $22, $24, $26, $28, $30, $32, $34, $36, ings Un un un un un un un- un un un un un un un un un un un in 1 der der der der der der 1der der der der der der der der der der der der week $4 $8 $10 $12 $14 $16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34 $36 $38 $6 WAGES Num ber of ber of Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earn ments ers 1 13 19.42 179 25.20 0) 0) 9 15.48 9 15.47 (*) (0 35 25. 55 13 23.53 12 14.47 23.68 97 22 39 24 179 20 13 124 72 13 201 91 78 36 13 14 1 0) 15.42 11. 32 18.39 12.22 17.77 11. 61 14.72 12.37 12.98 15.17 13.23 12.47 11.97 8.92 13. 51 13.91 24 18 71 55 20 20 43 82 113 158 189 149 103 38 27 TABLES 131 1,097 13 GENERAL Marylandand Virginia. Massachusetts............ Minnesota................... Missouri...................... New Hampshire____ New Jersey................. New York................... Pennsylvania.............. Wisconsin.............. ..... Total.. Vampers, female: Illinois.......................... Kentucky______ _____ Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts............. Michigan...................... Minnesota___________ Missouri....................... New Hampshire_____ New Jersey................... New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee..................... Wisconsin..................... Total.......................... LASTING DEPARTM EN T semblers for pullingver machine, male: Illinois.......................... K en tu ck y ................... Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.............. Michigan...................... Minnesota.................... Missouri_____________ New Hampshire.......... New Jersey..... ........ . New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee..................... Wisconsin___________ Total______________ 4 3 8 6 45 4 3 9 7 3 17 7 9 4 9 138 39 $19.60 8 15.06 22 19.15 21 13.38 171 22.11 8 16.48 6 18.94 71 15.33 15 15.78 10 16.49 75 18.97 43 15.49 35 12.07 14 11.49 36 16.87 574 18.09 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 1 1 7 1 8 3 2 1 1 3 6 6 1 3 2 2 1 8 3 8 2 1 34 20 5 1 1 3 4 9 2 1 4 6 5 4 10 55 5 1 1 4 14 2 1 18 3 3 5 6 3 3 6 75 * For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data are included in total. 2 1 2 15 3 1 5 1 11 6 5 1 53 3 5 1 2 7 1 1 10 ..... 9 11 4 2 6 65 2 1 10 7 1 3 3 16 1 4 2 19 1 2 4 17 20 1 15 9 10 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 3 1 2 8 1 2 1 1 33 1 18 1 14 3 2 2 8 3 1 1 4 2 1 1 4 1 2 3 3 3 47 3 41 38 39 2 1 8 1 10 3 2 4 2 2 9 4 2 2 2 2 5 T able E.— Average and classified actual earnings in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State— Continued 00 LASTING D EPABTM EN T—Continued 16 43 $8, $10, $12, $14, $16, $18, $20, $22, $24, $26, $28, $30, $32, $34, $36, $38, $40, $45, $50, $55, $60 un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un un and der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der der o v e r $10 $12 $14 $16 $18 $20 $22 $24 $26 $28 $30 $32 $34 $36 $38 $40 $45 $50 $55 $60 1 21.53 16.52 X 22.06 14.72 j 24.56 15.71 22.47 1 18.88 4 16.62 25.10 21, 22 -----20.49 4 17.19 15.64 18.79 132 1,355 20.78 Turn lasters, hand (includ ing first and second lasters), male: Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts------Minnesota............... Missouri__________ New Jersey.............. 5 108 31.78 17.86 9.86 18.62 8 16 0) 0) 11 1 1 1 6 I 3 1 4 3 4 X 2 2 2 2 4 1 3 XX 6 11 5 2 a 1 2 3 12 4 12 8 2 4 X 4 1 1 2 3 3 2 x X 3 Q 2 1 j 1 1 4 2 5 9 5 6 2 12 11 6 6 11 x 23 2 1 3 1 I 10 5 2 2 3 3 13 x 43 x x 68 7 2 6 x 5 30 14 35 X g 9 X 24 4 13 8 13 3 16 9 10 11 3 3 16 7 5 9 34 119 162 7 X 28 9 12 4 11 2 25 2 3 46 9 X 27 10 6 X 19 ____ ___ _ XX X 14 3 28 3 2 16 4 X 23 9 2 6 1 1 1 X 5 1 7 3 1 29 2 2 4 26 1 1 5 3 6 3 18 X 20 ___ _ 1 11 7 5 6 3 2 4 23 4 7 3 1 20 17 22 17 5 9 X X 1 12 4 4 x 3 4 12 9 4 4 a 2 4 3 ___ _ ____ 2 24 9 4 i 3 3 1 3 4 X 2 4 x 2 2 2 2 X 87 78 45 52 52 28 35 13 7 5 2 2 3 X 1 1 X 125 160 126 84 18 12 2 2 3 11 X 2 4 2 0) 6 ____ 1 ___ 5 5 x 16 1 13 5 4 7 ___ _ 1 3 7 1 14 1 1 7 24 6 -- 1 INDUSTRY 75 66 33 14.05 1 SHOE 212 1 AND 106 18 58 51 372 25 13 144 74 9 $9.41 19. 38 12.53 13.76 Total.......................... $6, un der $8 HOURS— BOOT Total.......................... Number of wage earners whose actual earnings in 1 week were— AND Assemblers for pullingover machine, female: Illinois....................... . Massachusetts.............. New Hampshire_____ New York.................... Bed-machine operators, male: Illinois_________ ____ Kentucky..................... Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia Massachusetts............ Michigan................. . Minnesota.................... Missouri...................... . New Hampshire-........ New Jersey.................. New York.................. Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee..................... Wisconsin..................... Aver age earn $4, ings Un un der der in i week $4 $6 WAGES Num Number oJ >fjber 0/ Occupation, sex, and State estab wage lish earnments 153800°—33-------- 8 New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Wisconsin.................... 5 1 2 1 292 0) 101 8 28.97 0) 17.81 8.20 Total.......................... 18 541 23.79 1 2 4 1 9 3 5 9 16 11 12 8 10 11 14 20 18 6 4 27 14 28 14 5 1 26 31 55 44 54 42 31 30 25 0) 17 0) 24 21 31 22 27 7 3 2 6 8 1 2 7 1 7 1 13 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 ..... 1 1 1 1 1 1 17 15 10 25 12 5 3 3 17 16 12 25 12 5 3 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 24 1 B O TTO M IN G DEPA RTM E N T 24 $28.99 3 29.61 13 20.66 18 18.24 118 24.74 8 24.07 4 26.75 33 15.27 32 19.89 6 24.48 99 19.92 28 21.63 46 19.67 17 19.00 37 19.53 Total......... ................ 95 486 21.43 1 1 ? 1 1 1 2 3 2 18 3 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 2 11 1 2 6 5 15 24 4 4 3 6 2 1 7 3 2 11 4 1 13 2 1 5 3 2 18 3 3 8 2 2 2 1 4 5 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 5 7 3 2 7 5 1 3 16 8 7 1 2 9 11 3 19 4 2 8 2 2 7 2 4 1 1 39 46 39 55 35 49 44 29 10 5 4 2 14 2 1 13 2 2 2 4 2 3 8 2 20 3 2 8 4 2 2 3 4 19 1 ..... ..... 1 2 28 19 13 6 2 3 1 3 9 1 1 16 10 3 1 1 Edge trimmers, male: Illinois........................... K en tu ck y ................... Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts_______ Michigan...................... Minnesota....... ............. Missouri....................... New Hampshire....... .. New Jersey................... New York....... ............. Ohio............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee............ ...... 'W isconsin................... 5 3 8 6 49 4 4 9 7 3 19 7 9 4 9 48 10 35 30 226 11 7 80 37 5 154 56 51 15 48 23.21 21.10 23.96 16.20 26.80 20.34 20.63 21.22 20.34 30.58 21.25 20.45 16.87 19.43 21.23 Total_....... ...... 146 813 22.47 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 5 2 2 . 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 6 2 3 3 g 2 1 7 11 19 4 1 1 8 18 6 1 3 7 16 3 12 "’ 13" 3 6 3 2 2 1 10 2 7 1 15 2 5 4 5 3 14 7 21 5 5 26 2 9 5 11 8 4 4 12 36 83 93 93 1 4 3 2 1 1 5 41 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 1 2 5 5 1 i 1 1 3 6 TABLES 3 1 5 5 22 4 3 3 6 3 15 6 9 4 6 GENERAL Goodyear stitchers, male: Illinois........... - ............. Kentucky.................... Maine...................... . Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts.............. Michigan...................... Minnesota.................... Missouri....................... New Hampshire—........ New Jersey................... New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee................... . Wisconsin..................... 5~ -- 15 3 2 2 8 1 5 3 1 2 —... 69 34 60 2 9 3 6 1 22 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 5 5 2 1 1 14 17 20 12 O 8 2 2 3 2 1 1 7 2 1 2 4 1 1 3 66 34 31 43 1 6 2 2 g A A 1 ft O J 1 2 4 3 4 1 1 1 25 15 13 12 3 2 25 7 T able E.— Average and classified actual earnings in 1 week in 14 specified occupations, 1932, by department, sex, and State— Continued FINISHING DEPARTM ENT Number of wage earners whose actual earnings in 1 week were— $14 un un un un un un un un un un and der der der der der der der der der der over $30 $32 $34 $38 $40 $45 $50 $60 $55 49 $23. 8 15. 33 22. 22 16. 203 26. 7 21 20 18. 18. 24. 19. 21 17. 18. 11 145 47 4 3 9 7 3 15 4 9 4 7 41 744 21. 44 14 70 35 397 14 12.40 15.88 16.63 13.37 21.60 18.39 14.40 18.21 16.79 18.98 16.38 18.38 14.95 12.06 19.86 18.43 8 115 50 9 161 40 50 11 38 132 1,056 20 41 21.66 67 78 44 108 74 34 38 33 13 30 29 20 10 28 INDUSTRY 8 6 . SHOE 3 3 .. 6 51 37 9 157 61 49 AND $12 $28, $30, $32, $34, $36, $38, $40, $45, $50, $55, un un un un der der der der $24 $20 HOURS— BOOT Treers, hand and machine, male: Illinois........ - ............... Kentucky. ................. Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts_____ Michigan................. Minnesota..... .......... Missouri.................. New Hampshire___ New Jersey.............. New York................ Ohio......................... Pennsylvania_____ Tennessee................ Wisconsin................ Total ............................ $18, $20, $22, $24, un un der der AND Edge setters, male: Illinois...................... Kentucky................ M aine.-................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts_____ Michigan................. Minnesota............... Missouri.................. New Hampshire___ New Jersey_______ New York............... Ohio......................... Pennsylvania_____ Tennessee................ Wisconsin____ ____ Total- $10, $12, WAGES Num Num Aver ber of ber of age wage earn- Un $4, Occupation, sex, and State lish- earn in 1 der un ments ers week $4 der 30 13 15 10 42 45 78 104 110 136 107 40 j (9 7 13 6 12 47 33 13 11 46 41 15.04 (9 10.94 8.87 10.57 12.60 11.45 11.32 11.83 8.54 1 (9 24.81 19.24 19.11 15.71 12.05 26. 52 26.00 14. 50 20.31 11. 54 0) 5 3 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 13 3 6 1 4 3 12 31 4 7 4 1 1 2 2 10 12 1 5 14 51 12 7 8 40 2 (9 l 2 12 1 8 (9 4 •5 4 2 5 1 2 21 2 23 3 16 2 1 1 7 1 i 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 5 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 2 10 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 8 5 1 6 11 7 4 3 23 2 3 5 1 29 2 6 5 36 3 6 12 3 11 1 9 6 6 11 2 5 6 3 4 2 1 10 ____ . 5 78 97 81 8 3 1 1 54 ------ 2 4 8 12 2 1 21 4 1 1 (9 5 2 3 1 2 (9 1 14.38 8 13.41 1 2 1 1 16.02 1 3 3 2 3 11.00 5 3 8 17.04 1 5 4 9 10 10.95 1 14.09 1 12.28 2 7 10 2 2 12.67 3 9 5 (9 (9 13.39 3 12 13 8 14.60 2 2 5 11.61 4 1 3 4 5 6 14.45 1 1 38 13.81 5 1 11 590 14.44 10 17 38 63 67 1 For less than 3 wage earners in 1 establishment, data included in total. 2 3 1 5 6 2 1 4 33 1 1 37 7 32 38 188 3 4 51 50 (9 71 31 33 9 1 2 2 1 6 8 4 2 10 12 1 2 3 33 1 3 1 1 2 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 43 2 13 2 16 3 3 2 2 1 TABLES 5 9 2 4 3 3 19 5 10 2 (9 2 1 10.88 12.00 (9 1 GENERAL Treers, hand and machine, female: Illinois......................... Kentucky................... . Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts......... Minnesota............... Missouri.................. New York................ Ohio......................... Pennsylvania.......... Tennessee.............. Wisconsin................ Total..................... Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scourers), male: Kentucky..................... Maine........................... Massachusetts_______ Michigan..................... Missouri............. ........ New Hampshire_____ New Jersey.......... ....... New Y ork ................ . Ohio............................ Pennsylvania________ Tennessee........... ......... Wisconsin................... . Total........................ . Repairers (not cobblers) (including tip fixers and scourers), female: Illinois.......................... Kentucky..................... Maine........................... Maryland and Virginia. Massachusetts............. Michigan..................... Minnesota___________ Missouri....................... New Hampshire.......... New Jersey.................. New York.................... Ohio.............................. Pennsylvania............... Tennessee..................... Wisconsin................... . Total......................... LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS The following is a list of all bulletins of the Bureau of Labor Statistics published since July, 1912, except that in the case of bulletins giving the results of periodic surveys of the bureau only the latest bulletin on any one subject is here listed A complete list of the reports and bulletins issued prior to July, 1912, as well as the bulle tins published since that date, will be furnished on application. Bulletins marked thus ( * ) are out of print . . Conciliation and arbitration (including strikes and lockouts). ♦No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades o f Greater New York. [1913.] •No. 133. Report o f the industrial council o f the British Board o f Trade on its inquiry into industrial agreements. [1913.] •No. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.] •No. 144. Industrial court o f the cloak, suit, and skirt industry o f New Y ork City. [1914.] •No. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dress and waist industry of New York City. [1914.] No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite coal industry. [1916.] •No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’ s clothing industry. [1916.] No. 233. Operation o f the industrial disputes investigation act o f Canada. [1918.] No. 255. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.] No. 283. H istory o f the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919. No. 287. National W ar Labor B o a r d : H istory o f its form ation, activities, etc. [1921.] •No. 303. Use o f Federal power in settlement o f railway labor disputes. [1922.] No. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry o f New York City. [1923.] No. 402. Collective bargaining by actors. [1926.] No. 468. Trade agreements, 1927. No. 481. Joint industrial control in the book and job printing industry. [1928.] Cooperation. No. 313. Consumers’ cooperative societies in the United States in 1920. No. 314. Cooperative credit societies (credit unions) in America and in foreign countries. [1922.] No. 437. Cooperative movement in the United States in 1925 (other than agricul tural). No. 531. Consumers’ , credit, and productive cooperative societies, 1929. Employment and unemployment. •No. 109. Statistics o f unemployment and the work o f employment offices In the United States. [1913.] •No. 172. Unemployment in New York City, N. Y. [1915.] •No. 183. Regularity o f employment in the women’s ready-to-wear garment industries. [1915.] •No. 195. Unemployment in the United States. [1916.] •No. 196. Proceedings o f Employment Managers’ Conference, held a t Minneapolis, Minn., January 19 and 20, 1916. •No. 202. Proceedings o f the conference o f Employment Managers* Association o f Boston, Mass., held May 10, 1916. No. 206. The British system o f labor exchanges. [1916.] •No. 227. Proceedings o f Employment Managers’ Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3, 1917. •No. 235. Employment system o f the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1 918]. •No. 241. Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.] •No. 247. Proceedings o f Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N. Y., May 9-11, 1918. •No. 310. Industrial unem ploym ent: A statistical study o f its extent and causes. [1922.] (I) Employment and unemployment— Continued. No. 409. Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925. No. 542. Report o f the Advisory Committee on Employment Statistics. [1931.] No. 544. Unemployment-benefit plans in the United States and unemployment insur ance in foreign countries. [1931.] ♦No. 553. Fluctuation in employment in Ohio, 1914 to 1929. No. 555. Social and economic character o f unemployment in Philadelphia, April, 1930. Foreign labor laws. ♦No. 142. Adm inistration o f labor laws and factory inspection in certain European countries. [1914.] No. 494. Labor legislation o f Uruguay. [1929.] No. 510. Labor legislation o f Argentina. [1930.] No. 529. Workmen’s compensation legislation o f the Latin American countries. [1930.] No. 549. Labor legislation o f Venezuela. [1931.] No. 554. Labor legislation o f Paraguay. [1931.] No. 559. Labor legislation o f Ecuador. [1931.] No. 569. Labor legislation o f Mexico. [1932.] (In press.) Housing. ♦No. 158. Government aid to home owning and housing o f w orking people in foreign countries. [1914.] No. 263. .Housing by employers in the United States. [1920.] No. 295. Building operations in representative cities in 1920. No. 545. Building operations in the principal cities o f the United States in [1921 to ] 1930. Industrial accidents and hygiene. ♦No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain-enameled sanitary ware factories. [1912.] No. 120. Hygiene o f painters’ trade. [1913.] ♦No. 127. Dangers to workers from dusts and fumes, and methods o f protection. [1913.] ♦No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining o f lead. [1914.] ♦No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.] ♦No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture o f storage batteries. [1914.] ♦No. 179. Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915.] No. 188. Report o f British departmental committee on the danger in the use o f lead in the painting o f buildings. [1916.] ♦No. 201. Report o f the committee on statistics and compensation insurance cost o f the International Association o f Industrial Accident Boards and Commis sions. [1916.] ♦No. 200. Hygiene o f the printing trade. [1917.] ♦No. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the m anufacture o f explosives. [1917.] No. 221. Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.] No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.] ♦No. 231. M ortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.] ♦No. 234. The safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917. No. 236. Effects o f the air hammer on the hands o f stonecutters. [1918.] ♦No. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report o f British Health o f Munition W orkers’ Committee. [1919.] ♦No. 251. Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.] No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.] No. 267. A nthrax as an occupational disease. [1920.] No. 276. Standardization o f industrial accident statistics. [1920.] ♦No. 280. Industrial poisoning in making coal-tar dyes and dye intermediates. [1921.] ♦No. 291. Carbon monoxide poisoning. [1921.] No. 293. The problem o f dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.] No. 298. Causesi and prevention o f accidents in the iron and steel industry, 19KV1919. No. 306. Occupation hazards and diagnostic sig n s: A guide to impairments to be looked fo r in hazardous occupations. [1922.] No. 392. Survey o f hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.] (H ) Industrial accidents and hygiene— Continued. No. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture o f fireworks and in the prepara tion o f phosphorous. [1926.] No. 427. Health survey o f the printing trades, 1922 to 1925. No. 428. Proceedings o f the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at Washington, D. C., July 14-16, 1926. No. 460. A new test fo r industrial lead poisoning. [1928.] No. 466. Settlement fo r accidents to American seamen. [1928.] No. 488. Deaths from lead poisoning, 1925-1927. No. 490. Statistics o f industrial accidents in the United States to the end o f 1927. No. 507. Causes o f death, by occupation. £1929.] Industrial relations and labor conditions. No. 237. •No. 340. No. 349. •No. 361. No. 380. No. 383. No. 384. No. 399. Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.] Chinese migrations, w ith special reference to labor conditions. [1923.] Industrial relations in the West Coast lumber industry. [1923.] Labor relations in the Fairmont (W . V a.) bituminous-coal field. [1924.] Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.] Works council movement in Germany. [1925.] Labor conditions in the shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920-1924. Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States. [1925.] No. 534. Labor conditions in the T erritory of Hawaii, 1929-1930. Labor laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating to labor). •No. 211. Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States. [1917.] No. 229. Wage payment legislation in the United States. [1917.] No. 285. Minimum wage laws o f the United S ta te s: Construction and operation. [1921.] No. 321. Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.] No. 322. Kansas Court o f Industrial Relations. [1923.] No. 343. Laws providing for bureaus o f labor statistics, etc. [1923.] No. 370. Labor laws o f the United States, with decisions o f courts relating thereto. [1925.] No. 408. Laws relating to payment o f wages. [1926.] No. 548. Decisions o f courts and opinions affecting labor, 1929-1930. No. 552. Labor legislation, 1930. Proceedings of annual conventions of the Associatvion of Government Officials in Industry of the United States and Canada. (Name changed in 1928 from Association of Governmental Labor Officials of the United States and Canada.) •No. 266. Seventh, Seattle, Wash., July 12-15, 1920. No. 307. Eighth, New Orleans, La., May 2 -6 , 1921. •No. 323. Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., May 22-26, 1922. •No. 352. Tenth, Richmond, Va., May 1-4, 1923. •No. 389. Eleventh, Chicago, 111., May 19-23, 1924. •No. 411. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15, 1925. •No. 429. Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926. •No. 455. Fourteenth, Paterson, N. J., May 31 to June 3, 1927. •No. 480. Fifteenth, New Orleans, La., May 21-24, 1928. No. 508. Sixteenth, Toronto, Canada, June 4 -7 , 1929. No. 530. Seventeenth, Louisville, Ky., May 20-23, 1930. No. 563. Eighteenth, Boston, Mass., May 18-22, 1931. Proceedings of annual meetings of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boardfl and Commissions. No. No. No. •No. No. No. No. •No. No. No. No. No. 210. 248. 264. 273. 281. 304. 333. 359. 385. 395. 406. 432. Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28, 1916. Fourth, Boston, Mass., August 21-25, 1917. F ifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27, 1918. Sixth, T oronto, Canada, September 23-26, 1919. Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24, 1920. Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 19-23, 1921. Ninth, Baltimore, Md., October 9-13, 1922. Tenth, St. Paul, Minn., September 24-26, 1923. Eleventh, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 26-28, 1924. Index to proceedings, 1914-1924. Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20, 1925. Thirteenth, H artford, Conn., September 14-17, 1920* (in) Proceedings of annual meetings of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions.— Continued. •No. No. No. No. No. No. 456. 485. 511. 536. 564. 577. Fourteenth, Atlanta, Ga., September 27-29, 1927. Fifteenth, Paterson, N. J., September 11-14, 1928. Sixteenth, Buffalo, N. Y., October 8-11, 1929. Seventeenth, Wilmington, Del., September 22-26, 1930. Eighteenth, Richmond, Va., October 5-8, 1931. Nineteenth, Columbus, Ohio, September 26-29. Proceedings of annual meetings of the International Association of Public Employment Services. No. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20, 1913; second, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25, 1914; third, Detroit, July 1 and 2, 1915. ♦No. 220. Fourth, Buffalo, N. Y., July 20 and 21, 1916. No. 311. Ninth, Buffalo, N. Y., September 7 -9 , 1921. No. 337. Tenth, Washington, D. C., September 11-13, 1922. No. 355. Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4 -7 , 1923. No. 400. Twelfth, Chicago, 111., May 19-23, 1924. No. 414. Thirteenth, Rochester, N. Y., September 15-17, 1925. No. 478. Fifteenth, Detroit, Mich., October 25-28, 1927. No. 501. Sixteenth, Cleveland, Ohio, September 18-21, 1928. No. 538. Seventeenth, Philadelphia, September 24-27, 19 29; Eighteenth, Toronto, Canada, September 9-12, 1930. Productivity of labor. No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.] No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs o f shoes, 1923. No. 407. Labor cost o f production and wages and hours o f labor in the paper boxboard industry. [1926.] •No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925. No. 441. Productivity o f labor in the glass industry. [1927.] No. 474. Productivity o f labor in merchant blast furnaces. [1928.] No. 475. P roductivity o f labor in newspaper printing. [1929.] No. 550. Cargo handling and longshore labor conditions. [1932.] Retail prices and cost of living. •No. 121. Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. [1913.] •No. 130. Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.] •No. 164. Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.] •No. 170. Foreign food prices as affected by the war. [1915.] No. 357. Cost o f living in the United States. [1924.] No. 369. The use o f cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.] No. 495. Retail prices, 1890 to 1928. Safety codes. No. 336. No. 350. •No. 351. No. 375. No. 382. No. 410. •No. 430. No. 447. No. 451. No. 4,63. No. 509. No. 512. No. 519. No. 527. No. 556. Safety code for the protection o f industrial workers in foundries. Rules governing the approval o f headlighting devices for m otor vehicles. Safety code for the construction, care, and use o f ladders. Safety code fo r laundry machinery and operations. Code o f lighting school buildings. Safety code for paper and pulp mills. Safety code for power presses and foot and hand presses. Safety code fo r rubber mills and calenders. Safety code fo r forging and hot-metal stamping. Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus— first revision. Textile safety code. Code for identification o f gas-mask canisters. Safety code fo r woodworking plants, as revised 1930. Safety code fo r the use, care, and protection o f abrasive wheels. Code o f lig h tin g : Factories, mills, and other work places. (Revision o f 1930.) No. 562. Safety codes for the prevention o f dust explosions. Vocational and workers* education. •No. 159. Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment [1915.] •No. 162. Vocational education survey o f Richmond, Va. [1915.] •No. 199. Vocational education survey o f Minneapolis, Minn. [1917.] No. 271. Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States [1920.] No. 459. Apprenticeship in building construction. [1928.] (IV) Wages and hours of labo*. •No. 146. Wages and regularity o f employment and standardization o f piece rates in the dress and waist industry o f New York City. [1914.] ♦No. 147. Wages and regularity o f employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.] No. 161. Wages and hours o f labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913. •No. 163. Wages and hours o f labor in the building and repairing o f steam railroad cars, 1907 to 1913. •No. 190. Wages and hours o f labor in the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to 1914. No. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.] No. 218. Wages and hours o f labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1915: (W ith a glossary o f occupations.) •No. 225. Wages and hours o f labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture industries, 1915. No. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries in the United States, 1919. No. 297. W ages and hours o f labor in the petroleum industry, 1920. No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.] No. 358. Wages and hours o f labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923. No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs o f shoes, 1923. No. 365. Wages and hours o f labor in the paper and pulp industry, 1923. No. 407. Labor cost o f production and wages and hours o f labor in the paper boxboard industry. [1926.] •No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925. No. 416. Hours and earnings in anthracite and bituminous-coal mining, 1922 and 1924. No. 484. Wages and hours o f labor o f common street laborers, 1928. No. 499. H istory o f wages in the United States from colonial times to 1928. No. 502. Wages and hours o f labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1928. No. 504. Wages and hours o f labor in the hosiery and underwear industries, 1907 to 1928. No. 513. W ages and ho<urs o f labor in the iron and steel industry, 1929. No. 514. Pennsylvania Railroad wage data. From Report o f Joint Fact Finding Committee in wage negotiations in 1927. No. 516. Hours and earnings in bituminous-coal mining, 1929. No. 523. Hours and earnings in the manufacture o f airplanes and aircraft engines, 1929. No. 525. Wages and hours o f labor in the Portland cement industry, 1929. No. 532. Wages and hours o f labor in the cigarette-manufacturing industry, 1930. No. 533. Wages and hours o f labor in woolen and worsted goods m anufacturing, 1910 to 1930. No. 534. Labor conditions in the Territory o f Hawaii, 1929-30. No. 535. Wages and hours o f labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1929. No. 537. Wages and hours o f labor in the dyeing and finishing o f textiles, 1930. No. 539. Wages and hours o f labor in cotton-goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1930. No. 546. Wages and hours in rayon and other synthetic manufacturing, 1930. No. 547. Wages and hours o f labor in the cane-sugar refining industry, 1930. No. 551. Wages and hours o f labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1910 to 1930. No. 577. Wages and hours o f labor in the men’ s clothing industry, 1911 to 1930. No. 560. Wages and hours o f labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1930. No. 566. Union scales o f wages and hours o f labor, May 15, 1931. No. 567. Wages and hours o f labor in the luosiery and underwear industries, 1907 to 1930. No. 568. Wages and hours o f labor in the m anufacture o f silk and rayon goods, 1931. No. 570. W ages and hours o f labor in foundry and machine shops, 1931. No. 571. Wages and hours o f labor in the furniture industry, 1910 to 1931. No. 573. Wages and hours o f labor in m etalliferous mines, 1924 to 1931. No. 574. Technological changes and employment in the United States. [1932.] No. 575. Wages and hours o f labor in air transportation, 1931, No. 576. Wages and hours o f labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1931. No. 578. Wages and hours o f labor in gasoline filling stations and motor-vehicle repair garages, 1931. (V) Welfare work. ♦No. 123. Employers’ welfare work. [1013.] No. 222. W elfare work in British munition factories. [1917.1 ♦No. 250. W elfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States. [1919.] No. 458. Health and recreation activities in industrial establishments, 1926. Wholesale prices. ♦No. 284. Index numbers o f wholesale prices in the United States and foreign coun tries. [1921.] No. 453. Revised index numbers o f wholesale prices, 1923 to July, 1927. No. 572. Wholesale prices, 1931. (In press.) Women and children in industry. ♦No. 116. Hours, earnings, and duration o f employment o f wage-earning women in selected industries in the District o f Columbia. [1913.] ♦No. 117. Prohibition o f night work o f young persons. [1913.] ♦No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.] No. 119. W orking hours o f women in the pea canneries o f W isconsin. [1913.] ♦No. 122. Employment o f women in power laundries in Milwaukee. [1913.] ♦No. 160. Hours, earnings, and conditions o f labor o f women in Indiana mercantile establishments and garment factories. [1914.] ♦No. 167. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States and foreign countries. [1915.] ♦No. 175. Summary o f the report on condition o f woman and child wage earners in the United States. [1915.] ♦No. 176. Effect o f minimum-wage determinations in Oregon. [1915.] ♦No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for women. [1915.] ♦No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores o f Boston, Mass. [1916.] No. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for women in Massachusetts. [1916.] No. 215. Industrial experience o f trade-school girls in Massachusetts. [1917.] ♦No. 217. Effect o f workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity o f industrial employment o f women and children. [1918.] ♦No. 223. Employment o f women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.] No. 253. Women in the lead industries. [1919.] No. 467. Minimum-wage legislation in various countries. [1928.] No. 558. Labor conditions o f women and children in Japan. [1931.] Workmen’s insurance and compensation (including laws relating thereto). ♦No. 101. ♦No. 102. No. 103. No. 107. ♦No. 155. No. 212. Care o f tuberculous wage earners in Germany. [1912.] British national insurance act, 1911. Sickness and accident insurance law in Switzerland. [1912.] Law relating to insurance o f salaried employees in Germany. [1913.] Compensation fo r accidents to employees o f the United States. [1914.] Proceedings o f the conference on social insurance called by the Interna tional A ssociation o f Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Washington, D. C., December 5 -9 , 1916. ♦No. 243. Workmen’s compensation legislation in the United States and foreign coun tries, 1917 and 1918. No. 301. Comparison o f workmen’ s compensation insurance and adm inistration. [1922.] No. 312. National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1921. ♦No. 379. Comparison o f workmen’s compensation laws o f the United States as o f January 1, 1925. No. 477. Public-service retirement systems, United States and Europe. [1929.] No. 496. Workmen’s compensation legislation o f the United States and Canada as of January 1, 1929. (W ith text o f legislation enacted in 1927 and 1928.) No. 529. Workmen’s compensation legislation o f the Latin American countries. [1930.] Miscellaneous series. ♦No. 174. Subject index o f the publications o f the United States Bureau o f Labor Statistics up to May 1, 1915. No. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.] No. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917. No. 254. International labor legislation and the society o f nations. [1919.] (VI) No. 268. H istorical survey o f international action affecting labor. [1920.] No. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in W ashington, D. C. [1921.] No. 319. The Bureau o f Labor S ta tistics: Its history, activities, and organization. [1922.] No. 326. Methods o f procuring and computing statistical inform ation o f the Bureau o f Labor Statistics. [1923.] No. 342. International Seamen’s Union o f A m erica: A study o f its history and problems. [1923.] No. 346. Humanity in government. [1923.] No. 372. Convict labor in 1923. No. 386. Cost o f American almshouses. [1925.] No. 398. Growth o f legal-aid work in the United States. [1926.] No. 401. Family allowances in foreign countries. [1926.] No. 461. Labor organizations in Chile. [1928.] No. 465. Beneficial activities o f American trade-unions. [1928.] No. 479. Activities and functions o f a State department o f labor. [1928.] No. 483. Conditions in the shoe industry in Haverhill, Mass., 1928. No. 489. Care o f aged persons in United States. [1929.] No. 505. Directory o f homes for the aged in the United States. [1929.] No. 506. Handbook o f American trade-unions, 1929 edition. No. 518. Personnel research agencies, 1930 edition. No. 541. Handbook o f labor statistics, 1931 edition. No. 558. Labor conditions o f women and children in Japan. [1931.] No. 561. Public old-age pensions and insurance in the United States and in foreign countries. [1932.] No. 565. Park recreation areas in the United States, 1930. (T O )