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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
JAMES J. DAVIS, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
ETHELBERT STEWART, Commissioner
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES )
BUREAU OF LA B O R S T A T IS T IC S )
WAGES
AND
HOURS
OF
*
*
LABOR
*T
^ 0 .
*
p i £
DID
SERIES
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN
BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
1929
M AY, 1930
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1930
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C.
-
-
Price 15 cents
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction and summary_______________________________________________
Classified average earnings per hour, 1929________________________________
Averages for miners and loaders, 1929, by States_________________________
Regular or basic hours per day and per week_____________________________
Classified hours in half month, 1929______________________________________
Classified earnings in half month, 1929___________________________________
Classified starts (days) in half month, 1929_______________________________
Changes in wage rates____________________________________________________
Index numbers of tonnage rates of hand loaders and hand or pick miners
in Hocking Valley district______________________________________________
Number of mines, production, and wage earners, 1928____________________
Importance of bituminous coal mining, 1914 to 1928_____________________
Occupations in the industry_______________________________________________
General tables_____________________________________________________________
T able A.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and
earnings of miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by
occupation and State_______________________________________________
T able B.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and
earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924,
1926, and 1929, by place of work, occupation, and State__________
T able C.— Number of miners and loaders in each State whose aver
age earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1929, by
occupation_________________________________________________________
T able D.— Number of employees other than miners and loaders in
each State whose average earnings per hour were within each
classified amount, 1929, by occupation_____________________________
T able E.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in
each State who worked .each classified number of hours in half
month, 1929________________________________________________________
T able F.— Number of employees in each specified occupation in
each State whose earnings in half month were within each classified
amount, 1929------------------------------- -------------- -------------------------------------T able G.— Number of employees making each specified number of
starts (days) in half month, 1929, by place of work, occupation,
and State__________________________________________________________
m
1
6
10
11
13
16
18
19
21
23
24
25
25
27
31
42
44
46
51
56
BULLETIN OF THE
U. S. BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
WASHINGTON
n o . 516
m ay , 1930
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL
MINING, 1929
INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY
The 1929 wage figures in this report are the results of a study in
that year by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of wage rates, hours of
labor, and earnings of employees in bituminous coal mining in
Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Ohio,
.Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. Based on
the reports of the United States Bureau of Mines, the number of wage
earners in bituminous coal mining in these States in 1928 was 90.8
per cent of the total number in the industry in the United States in
that year.
Summaries for 1929 and also for the other years (1922, 1924, and
1926) in which studies of bituminous coal mining were made by the
bureau are shown in Table 1 for miners and loaders. Miners as here
used include gang miners, hand or pick miners, machine miners
(cutters), and machine miners' (cutters) helpers. Loaders as here
used include contract loaders, hand loaders, and machine loaders.
They work underground or inside the mine and are generally paid
tonnage rates and are called “ tonnage men.”
Average hours and earnings for each of the seven occupations in
the table are based on (1) time at the face or place of work in the
mine, including time for lunch, and also on (2) total time in mine,
including time for lunch and travel time in the mine from its opening
to the face or working place and return.
The figures in Table 2 are also summaries for 1922, 1924, 1926, and
1929 for the employees in each of nine occupations and for a group of
“ other employees” who work inside mines, and for employees in four
occupations and a group of “ other employees” who work on the
surface or outside mines. The employees in this table are generally
paid time or day rates; that is, rates per hour, day, or week.
The total figures at the end of Table 1 show that the starts or days
on which the 99,405 miners and loaders did any work averaged 9.1
days in one half-monthly pay period in 1929, as compared with 9.5 in
1926, 8.3 in 1924, and 8.9 in 1922. Based on time at the face, includ
ing time for lunch, they worked an average of 72.6 hours in 1929,
75.4 in 1926, 64.6 in 1924, and 68.1 in 1922. Their average hourly
earnings based on time at the face, including time for lunch, were
1
2
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
68.7 cents in 1929, 81.7 cents in 1926, 84.3 cents in 1924, and 91.5
cents in 1922. The decrease between 1926 and 1929 was 13 cents
per hour or 15.9 per cent. They earned an average of $5.50 per
start or day in 1929, $6.46 in 1926, $6.60 in 1924, and $7.03 in 1922.
In the half month they earned $49.85 in 1929, $61.61 in 1926, $54.44
in 1924, and $62.30 in 1922.
In the half-month pay period in 1929 hand loaders, the second
occupation in Table 1 and the most important occupation in number
of employees in bituminous coal mining, worked an average of 8.9
starts or days, as compared with 9.4 in 1926, 8.1 in 1924, and 8.7 in
1922. Based on time at the face, including time for lunch, they
worked an average of 70.6 hours in 1929, 73.7 hours in 1926, 63.3
hours in 1924, and 66.2 hours in 1922, and on the same basis earned
an average of 64.8 cents per hour in 1929, 77.9 cents in 1926, 81.1
cents in 1924, and 90.2 cents in 1922. The decrease between 1926
and 1929 was 13.1 cents per hour or 16.8 per cent. Their average
earnings per start or day were $5.15 in 1929, $6.12 in 1926, $6.32 in
1924, $6.90 in 1922, and in the half month they earned an average of
$45.78 in 1929, $57.48 in 1926, $51.29 in 1924, and $59.75 in 1922.
T able 1.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
miners and loaders,inside minet 1922, j
1924, 1926, and 1929, by occupation
Number of—
Occupation and year
Loaders, contract:
1924..........................
1926..........................
1929.........................
Loaders, hand:
1922.........................
1924.........................
1926.........................
1929........ ................
Loaders, machine:
1924.........................
1926.........................
1929.........................
Miners, gang:
1924..........................
1926..........................
1929.........................
Miners, hand or pick:
1922..........................
1924..........................
1926..........................
1929.........................
Miners, machine (cut
ters):
1922.........................
1924.........................
1926.........................
1929.........................
Miners, machine (cut
ters) helpers:
1926.........................
1929..........................
Total:
1922..........................
1924..........................
1926..........................
1929..........................
Average hours
Aver
age
num
ber of
starts
Em (days)
Mines ployees
in
half
month
Average earnings
In half
Per start
month
based on— based on—
Time
Time
at
at
face, Time face, Time
in
in in
in-.
elud mine clud mine
ing
ing
lunch
lunch
Per hour
based on—
Per
Time
In
at
start half
face, Time (day) month
in
in
clud mine
ing
lunch
9.5 79.9 84.3
10.1 85.3 92.4
9.7 82.9 90.8
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.9 $0,929 $0,881 $7.82 $74.26
9.1 .849 .781 7.16 72.43
9.4 .869 .793 7.45 72.07
66.2
63.3
73.7
70.6
71.5
68.6
80.3
77.3
7.7
7.8
7.8
7.9
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.7
.902
.811
.779
.648
.836
.748
,715
.592
6.90
6.32
6.12
5.15
59.75
51.29
57.48
45.78
102
306
423
9.4 84.3 90.4
9.9 87.3 93.7
9.8 84.5 91.6
9.0
8.8
8.6
9.6
9.5
9.4
.690
.788
.810
.644 6.20
.735 6.96
.747 7.00
58.20
68.80
68.39
1,036
1,065
1,177
8.1 65.6 71.1
9.5 78.7 86.0
9.5 79.7 86.3
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.8 1.187 1.094 9.66 77.79
9.0 1.377 1.260 11.36 108.33
9.1 1.010 .932 8.45 80.50
9.2
8.5
9.8
9.4
71.0
65.6
77.0
74.7
77.5
71.2
84.3
82.5
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.9
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.8
9.5
8.8
10.3
10.0
75.4
72.9
86.0
85.0
81.5
78.6
93.3
92.4
7.9
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.9
9.0
9.3
8.8 79.0 84.5
9.0 81.5 88.1
9.0
9.0
9.6
9.8
.681
.703
.637 6.14
.650 6.34
53.77
57.25
8.9
8.3
9.5
9.1
7.7
7.8
7.9
8.0
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.8
.915
.843
.817
.687
.845
.777
.749
.626
7.03
6.60
6.46
5.50
62.30
54.44
61.61
49.85
24
61
65
170
694
584
176
514
488
475
22, 560
61,936
66,414
70,853
10
23
28
40
32
33
127 8,429
291 21,424
254 20,594
230 19,666
161
485
464
456
2,371
6,499
6,055
5,937
151
136
882
765
200
599
556
535
33,360
91,167
96,010
99,405
8.7
8.1
9.4
8.9
68.1
64.6
75.4
72.6
73.7
70.0
82.2
79.6
.840
.808
.783
.673
.769
.744
.715
.609
6.47
6.26
6.18
5.33
59.62
53.02
60.31
50.29
1.274 1.180 10.10 96.14
1.163 1.079 9.65 84.79
1.195 1.101 9.93 102.68
1.018 .936 8.68 86.52
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
3
As already stated, the figures in Table 2 are for employees who are
time workers and are paid rates per hour or per day. A few
are paid rates per week or month. The averages in the table for
each occupation and also for the total of all time-work occupations
at the end of the table are based on the number of hours actually
worked in one-half monthly-pay period.
The table shows that in 1929 the total of 52,806 time-workers
worked an average of 10.2 starts or days, 87 hours, and an average
of 8.6 hours per start or day in the half-monthly pay period in that
year and that they earned an average of $52.57 in the half month,
$5.17 per start or day, and 60.5 cents per hour. Average days and
hours worked in the half month were greater for engineers and
pumpers than for any of the other occupations. Employees in these
two occupations frequently work on Sunday and holidays and may
also work overtime on week days. Average earnings per hour in
1929 for inside occupations, exclusive of trappers (boys) and a mis
cellaneous group tabulated as “ other employees,” ranged from 54.4
cents for laborers to 68.5 cents for cagers, and for outside occupa
tions the range was from 49.3 cents for laborers to 71.1 cents per
hour for engineers. The average for trappers (boys) was 35.4 cents
and for “ other employees,” inside, was 72.1 cents per hour. The aver
age for “ other employees,” outside, was 58.3 cents per hour. The
average earnings per hour, all occupations, inside and outside, were
60.5 cents in 1929, as compared with 66.4 in 1926, 69.6 cents in 1924,
and 75.3 cents in 1922. The decrease between 1926 and 1929 was
5.9 cents per hour, or 8.9 per cent.
u s u a lly
T
2 .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926> and 1929 by place
of work and occupation
able
Average hours
Average
worked—
number
o f starts
Year
(days)
Per
in half In half
Mines Wage
earners month month start
(day)
Number of—
Place of work and occupation
Average earnings—
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
INSIDE MINE
1922
1924
1926
1929
Bratticemen and timbermen___ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Cagers............................................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Drivers.................................... ....... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Laborers......................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Brakemen____ ________ _______
1N ot
* N ot
» N ot
* N ot
* N ot
including
including
including
including
including
data
data
data
data
data
181
547
518
505
181
484
484
456
83
198
188
192
125
377
320
282
181
502
500
456
1,333
4,259
4,368
4,854
986
2,521
2,800
2,901
185
410
414
392
2,080
4,603
4,530
3,811
2,967
7,228
8,823
7,842
19.4
8.9
9.9
9.5
U 0.4
9.8
10.8
10.6
810.3
9.6
11.1
10.9
<9.5
8.8
10.2
9.5
*9.9
8.9
9.4
9.0
77.3
75.0
83.8
81.0
85.7
81.1
89.2
88.3
89.4
83.2
99.5
96.1
78.7
72.3
84.4
77.8
80.8
74.2
78.7
75.2
for 8 employees whose starts were not reported.
for 79 employees whose starts were not reported.
for 2 employees whose starts were not reported.
for 89 employees whose starts were not reported.
for 237 employees whose starts were not reported.
18.2
8.4
8.5
8.5
28.1
8.3
8.3
8.3
8 8.6
8.7
9.0
8.8
<8.2
8.2
8.3
8.2
8 8.0
8.3
8.4
8.3
$60.18
53.25
57.61
48.31
70.26
63.04
66.20
57.19
77.82
71.53
80.73
65.79
64.84
54.08
59.80
49.52
56.30
48.74
48.82
4a 90
i $6.41 $0.779
5.96
.710
5.82
.687
5.08
.596
2 6.81
.820
6.44
.778
6.16
.742
5.39
.648
* 7.53
.871
7.46
.860
.811
7.29
6.03
.685
4 6.82
.824
6.12
.748
5.88
.708
5.24
.637
.697
*5.73
5.47
.657
5.18
.620
.644
4.53
4
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b l e 2 . — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924> 1926, and 1929 by place of
work and occupation— Continued
Average Average hours
worked—
number
of starts
Year
(days)
Per
in half In half start
Wage
Mines earners
month m onth (day)
N umber of—-
Place of work and occupation
Average earnings—
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
inside m in e — continued
1922
1924
1926
1929
Pumpmen___________ _______ ~ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Trackm en...................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Trappers (boys)............................ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Other employees_______________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Motormen_____________________
$68.j62 «$6.82 $0.815
62.89
6.46
.752
67.97
6. 27
.718
58.21
5.64
.649
80.90
6.24
734
70.38
6.02
.681
74.04
5.84
.626
62.45
5.06
.550
72.05
7 6.77
.826
59.83
6.14
.737
5.92
64.15
.705
54.47
5.26
.635
34.09
3.75
.472
27.24
3.27
.408
30.17
3.04
.379
26.79
.354
2.86
75.49
•6.97
.826
73.32
6.97
.817
75.96
6.71
.775
66.38
6.18
.721
183
548
520
504
157
402
402
390
198
587
554
532
103
273
207
200
188
538
522
518
1,296
3,751
4,230
4,860
452
1,015
1,081
1,148
1,393
4,026
4,246
4,653
393
925
693
633
2,294
4,786
5,745
6,814
•10.1
9.7
10.8
10.3
13.0
11.7
12.7
12.3
7 10.7
9.7
10.8
10.4
9.1
8.3
9.9
9.4
•10.9
10.5
11.3
10.7
84.2
83.6
94.7
89.6
110.2
103.4
118.3
113.5
87.3
81.2
91.0
85.8
72.3
66.7
79.7
75.6
91.4
89.7
98.0
92.1
•8.4
8.6
8.7
8.7
8.5
8.8
9.3
9.2
7 8.2
8.3
8.4
8.3
7.9
8.0
8.0
8.1
•8.3
8.5
8.7
8.6
191
581
540
516
157
474
484
471
129
333
320
313
195
591
550
527
193
578
540
506
339
969
909
811
427
1,354
1,545
1,458
267
732
674
652
2,407
7,514
7,877
7,834
2,242
4,823
4,201
4,143
•11.7
10.7
11.9
11.3
w 11.1
10.4
11.4
10.8
1 13.9
12.9
13.3
12.8
1110.1
9.5
10.7
10.0
12 11.8
11.1
12.1
11.1
102.0
92.0
104.8
99.5
94.7
89.6
98.3
92.9
121.3
114.4
119 6
111.9
84.8
81.2
92.6
86.8
101.3
99.1
108.1
98.7
•8.6
8.6
8.8
8.8
10 8.4
8.6
8.6
8.6
18.7
8.9
9.0
8.7
H8.4
8.6
8.7
8.7
12 8.5
8.9
8.9
8.9
87.42
71.75
77.94
67.47
71.23
61.96
64.28
56.84
99.50
91.56
91.17
79.56
55.06
46.73
50.53
42.78
70.02
62.73
65.31
57.53
•7.47
6.72
6.56
5.96
io 6.42
5.93
5.64
5.24
i 7.21
7.09
6.83
6.21
11 5.49
4.93
4.74
4.30
12 5.96
5.64
5.41
5.18
.857
.780
.743
.678
.752
.691
.654
.612
.820
.801
.762
.711
.649
. 575
.546
.493
.691
.633
.604
.583
200 1319,388
599 “ 49,552
556
52,145
535
52,806
10.1
9.8
10.7
10.2
87.8
83.1
91.7
87.0
8.7
8.5
8.6
8.6
66.17
57.81
60.87
52.57
6.55
5.92
5.70
5.17
.753
.696
.664
.605
OUTSIDE MINE
1922
1924
1926
1929
Carpenters and car-repair m en.. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Engineers___. . . . .......... ................ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Laborers....... .................................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Other employees....... ................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Blacksmiths__________ ________
Total..................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
I N ot including data for 8 em ployees /rhose starts were not reported.
• N ot including data for 6 employees whose starts were not reported.
7N ot including data for 30 employees whose starts were not reported.
8 N ot including data for 137 employees whose starts were not reported.
9 N ot including data for 9 employees whose starts were not reported.
10 N ot including data for 22 employees whose starts were not reported.
II N ot including data for 51 employees whose starts were not reported.
18 N ot including data for 75 employees whose starts were not reported.
1! Including data for 327 employees not shown in the details of this table.
14 Including data for 636 employees not shown in the details of this table.
In making the study in each year data were collected for each em
ployee in each occupation in the industry, showing the number of
starts or calendar days on which he worked, the number of hours
worked, and the amount earned in a representative half-monthly pay
period in 1929. The great mass of the data, or 96 per cent of the
535 mines covered in 1929, was for a half-month in the first quarter
in that year, and 66 per cent of the total was for a period in February.
The averages are therefore representative of hours and earnings in
bituminous coal mining in the first three months in 1929. The 1929
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
5
wage data used in compiling this report, except for a few companies
which made transcripts of their records for the bureau, were taken
directly from the pay rolls, clock cards, and other records of the
companies by agents of the bureau for 22 representative mines in
Alabama, 16 in Colorado, 37 in Illinois, 29 in Indiana, 8 in Kansas,
64 in Kentucky, 41 in Ohio, 136 in Pennsylvania, 15 in Tennessee,
22 in Virginia, and 145 in West Virginia.
The 1929 figures are for a total of 152,211 employees, or 29.2 per
cent of the 522,150 mine workers reported by the United States Bu
reau of Mines as engaged in the mining of bituminous coal in 1928,
and represent 32.1 per cent of the 474,011 reported by the Bureau
of Mines in the States covered by the study. Of the 152,211 included
in the report, 137,313, or 90 per cent, were underground or “ inside”
wage earners. The remaining 14,898 are known as surface or “ out
side” employees, though a comparatively few of them may at times
work underground.
Data for which averages and classified figures are presented in the
tables of this bulletin were taken from the records of 200 mines in
1922, 599 in 1924, 556 in 1926, and 535 in 1929.
The three basic occupations in bituminous coal mining are those
of hand or pick miners, machine miners, and hand loaders. They
represent approximately 63 per cent of all wage earners in the indus
try and are usually paid a rate per ton of 2,000 pounds run of mine,
that is, of coal as mined, including “ slack.”
Hand or pick miners undercut coal with a pick, cutting some dis
tance back from the “ face,” separate it from the seam with pick or
explosives, and shovel the coal from the floor of the mine into mine
cars. Machine miners undercut the seam of coal with electric or
compressed-air coal-mining machines. After the seam of coal has
been undercut hand loaders usually blast the coal from the seam or
bed and with hand shovels load it into mine cars or conveyors which
empty into the mine cars. Shot-firers do the blasting of machine
cut coal in some mines. Contract loaders, machine loaders, gang
miners, and machine miners’ helpers are of much less importance in
numbers, the four occupations combined comprising only 3 per cent
of the 99,405 tonnage workers covered by this study.
As the miners and loaders are usually paid tonnage instead of time
rates, very few companies keep a daily time record for such employees.
It was necessary, therefore, in order to ascertain the hours worked by
miners and loaders, to arrange with mine officials to have kept a
special day-by-day record of the hours of each employee for a half
monthly pay period. Employees in all occupations inside and out
side the mines, except miners and loaders, are usually paid time
rates—that is, rates per hour or day, and in a few instances per week
or month. The hours worked by time workers and the earnings of
both time workers and tonnage workers are of regular record.
The term “ face” in this report means the perpendicular surface of
the seam of coal on which miners work and at or near which loaders
shovel the coal from the floor of the mine into mine cars or into a
conveyor which carries the coal to such cars.
Time for lunch, as reported, was usually about 30 minutes, and the
travel time in the different mines ranged from 10 minutes per day for
the mine with the shortest time of travel to 2 hours for the one with
6
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
the longest time of travel. The average time of travel was about
48 minutes per day, or 24 minutes each way.
Average earnings per hour for each of the 70,853 hand loaders,
19,666 hand or pick miners, and the 5,937 machine miners included
in the 1929 study have been computed by dividing his net earnings
in the half-month pay period for which data were taken (1) by his
total hours at the face in the half month, including time for lunch,
and also (2) by his total hours in the mine, including time for lunch
and time of travel in the mine. The first method gives average
earnings per hour for each man based on time in mine exclusive of
travel time, and the second gives his average earnings per hour based
on time in mine including time of travel. Average earnings per hour
by the first method are greater than by the second because the time
used in the former does not include the unproductive time of travel
in mine which is included in the latter.
The term “ net earnings in half-month” as used above means the
remainder after deductions from total or gross earnings of the costs
or charges for powder, dynamite, or other explosives, fuses, and caps
used by miners and loaders in blasting coal from the seams, and for
tool sharpening or blacksmithing. There are very few companies
which do not charge employees for explosives and for tool sharpening.
CLASSIFIED AVERAGE EARNINGS PER HOUR, 1929
Tonnage workers.—Table 3 shows the number and the per cent
(actual and cumulative) of hand loaders, hand or pick miners, and
machine miners (cutters) whose average earnings per hour, based on
time at the face including time for lunch, and based on total time in
the mine, were within each classified amount in 1929. The 96,456
employees in these three occupations represent 97 per cent of the
tonnage workers covered in the 1929 study. Reading part of the
cumulative percentages based on time at the face in explanation of
the figures in the table, it is seen that 4 per cent of the 70,853 hand
loaders earned under 30 cents per hour, 14 per cent earned under 40
cents, 29 per cent earned under 50 cents, 47 per cent earned under
60 cents, 75 per cent earned under 80 cents, and 93 per cent earned
under $1 per hour. The average for hand or pick miners is shown
to be slightly higher than for hand loaders, since only 91 per cent
earned less than $1 per hour. The average for machine miners was
very much higher. Based on time at the face, only 49 per cent
earned under $1 per hour and 91 per cent earned under $1.50 per
hour. For classification of employees in these three occupations in
each State according to earnings per hour see Table C, page 42.
As a rule, mines employing hand loaders to shovel the coal from the
floor of the mine into mine cars after it has been blasted from the
seam also have machine miners (cutters) to operate the machines for
undercutting the coal. In this and in other tables in this report
figures are shown for loaders in 475 mines and for machine miners
(cutters) in 456 mines. In a number of mines in which machine
miners work at night, time was not kept for them, as the mine em
ployee designated to keep the time was on duty during the day only,
while in a few others the time was not kept for other reasons.
T
able
3 .—
Number and per cent of hand loaders, hand or pick miners, and machine miners, whose hourly earnings were within each classified
amount, 1929
N um ber based
on—
T otal_____________
70,853
Average earnings per
hour__________________
$0,648
4
10
15
17
16
13
9
9
3
2
1
7
13
19
18
15
11
10
4
2
1
4
515
1,347
2,624
3,502
3,399
2,915
2,170
1,425
817
448
236
116
55
42
16
13
5
5
13
2
1
803
2,035
3,361
3,999
3,387
2,571
1,620
923
471
253
97
61
36
16
9
6
5
5
7
70,853
19,666
$0.592
$0.673
V)
(0
0)
0)
(9
0)
0)
0)
(0
0)
0)
(0
0)
(0
(0
(9
0)
0)
0)
0)
i Less than 1 per cent.
14
29
47
62
75
84
93
96
98
99
99
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
* 100
* 100
100
7
19
38
56
71
82
92
96
98
99
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
* 100
100
Cumulative
Time
Tim e in mine,
at face, includ
includ
ing
lunch
ing
lunch
and
travel
Time
Tim e in mine,
at face, includ
includ
ing
lunch
ing
lunch
and
travel
1
2
5
13
22
35
47
58
70
81
87
92
95
96
97
98
98
99
*100
*100
100
23
44
121
321
457
589
679
676
614
832
439
314
292
179
123
48
37
36
93
14
6
34
72
192
446
547
762
733
645
714
666
340
292
175
102
50
36
37
34
50
6
4
19,666
5,937
5,937
$0.609
$1.018
$0.936
1
3
7
13
18
17
15
11
7
4
2
1
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
4
10
17
20
17
13
8
5
2
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
0)
(9
0)
0)
0)
3
9
23
41
58
73
84
91
95
97
99
99
*100
*300
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
* 100
100
4
14
32
52
69
82
90
95
97
99
99
*100
*100
*100
*100
*100
* 100
* 100
* 100
* 100
100
* This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99 and 100.
0)
(0
0)
1
1
3
8
9
13
12
11
12
11
6
5
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
5
8
10
11
11
10
14
7
5
5
3
2
1
1
1
2
0)
0)
0)
l
3
9
16
26
38
49
59
73
81
86
91
94
96
97
97
98
*100
* 100
100
MINING
4,736
9,022
13,138
12,989
10,575
7,694
6,888
2,919
1,509
728
317
121
64
56
23
20
17
10
20
3
4
Actual
Tim e
Tim e in mine,
Tim e
Tim e
Tim e in mine, T im e in mine, at face, includ
ing
includ
at face, includ at face, includ
ing
lunch
ing
ing
includ
includ
lunch
and
ing
lunch
ing
lunch
travel
lunch
lunch
and
and
travel
travel
COAL
3,151
6,778
10,846
12,318
10,999
8,972
6,588
6,341
2,205
1,330
644
303
127
75
51
28
26
18
37
9
7
Tim e
at face,
includ
ing
lunch
Cumulative
Actual
Tim e
Tim e in mine,
Time at face, includ
in mine, includ
ing
includ
lunch
ing
ing
lunch
and
lunch
travel
and
travel
BITUMINOUS
Under 30 cents_________
30 and under 40 cents___
40 and under 50 cents___
50 and under 60 cents___
60 and under 70 cents___
70 and under 80 cents___
80 and under 90 cents___
90 cents and under $1___
$1 and under $1.10...........
$110 and under $1.20___
$1.2u and under $1.30___
$1.30 and under $1.40___
$1.40 and under $1.50___
$1.50 and under $1.60___
$1.60 and under $1.70___
$1.70 and under $1.80___
$1.80 and under $1.90___
$1.90 and under $2...........
$2 and under $2.50...........
$2.50 and under $3______
$3 and over_______ ______
Cumulative
Per cent based on-
IN
Actual
Tim e in
mine,
Tim e
includ
Time in mine,
ing
at face, includ
lunch
includ
ing
and
ing
lunch
travel
lunch
and
travel
Num ber based
on—
Per cent based on-
EARNINGS
Tim e
at face,
includ
ing
lunch
Num ber based
on—
Per cent based on-
AND
Classified earnings per
hour
Miners, machine (cutters) (456 mines)
Miners, hand or pick (230 mines)
HOURS
Loaders, hand (475 mines)
8
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
Time workers.—Table 4 shows for each of 6 specified occupations
inside the mine and of 2 outside the mine the percentage (actual and
cumulative) of employees whose average earnings per hour were
within each classified amount. The employees in these occupations
are considered next in importance to hand loaders, pick or hand
miners, and machine miners. The data for the 6 inside occupations
cover 28,921 employees and for the 2 outside occupations cover 9,292
employees, a total of 38,213, or approximately 72 per cent of the total
number of time workers included in the 1929 study.
In reading the table it is seen that 5 per cent of the brakemen, 2
per cent of the bratticemen and timbermen, 7 per cent of the drivers,
11 per cent of the inside laborers, 2 per cent of the motormen, 2 per
cent of the trackmen, 3 per cent of the carpenters and car-repair men,
and 20 per cent of the outside laborers, earned an average of less
than 40 cents per hour. Also that the average earnings per hour of 3
per cent of the brakemen, 5 per cent of the bratticemen and timbermen, 7 per cent of the drivers, 2 per cent of the inside laborers, 16
per cent of the motormen, 3 per cent of the trackemn, 3 per cent of
the carpenters and repair men, and less than 1 per cent of the outside
laborers were within the classified group of 80 and under 90 cents.
The wide range in earnings as shown in the table was due largely, as
can be seen in Table D, page 44, to differences in the averages in
different States.
T a b l e 4 . — Number and per cent of employees in each specified occupation whose hourly earnings were within each classified amount, 1929
Classified earnings per
hour
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
0)
1
61
150
862
679
975
135
32
3
3
(,)2
5
30
23
34
5
8
11
(,)2
263
7
223
37
754
60 1,209
94 1,075
99
258
2 100
16
2 100
1
100
1
% 0)
6
20
32
28
7
174
7
707
13 2,163
33 2,485
65
924
93 1,214
2 100
156
*100
4
2 100
8
100
1
2
3
1
2.901
1 Less than 1 per cent.
3,811
7,842
2
9
28
32
12
15
2
0)
*5
8
0)
2
3
11
90
39
277
71 1,872
82 1,120
98
606
2 100
780
2 100
104
2 100
5
2 100
3
2 100
2 100
2 100
100
4,860
% 0)
3
2
69
6
299
8
39
46 1,812
23
69
917
12
82 1,348
16
128
98
2 2 100
74
2 100
2
100
1
O
0)'
(,)i
0)
2
6
8
39
47
20
67
29
96
3
98
2 2 100
2
100
0)
100
0
44
141
537
328
341
41
18
6
1
1
4,653
1,458
* This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.
3
10
37
22
23
3
8
0)
3
13
50
72
95
98
99
2 100
2 100
2 100
100
383
1,193
2.444
2,078
569
1,145
18
1
3
7,834
5
15
31
27
7
15
(0
8
5
20
51
78
85
2 100
2 100
2 100
100
BITUMINOUS
COAL
MINING
Per cent
Laborers, outside
minft
IN
T otal- ................... 4.854
Per cent
Carpenters and
car-repair men,
outside mine
N um
N um
N um
N um
Num
N um
N um
Cu ber
Cu ber
Cu ber
Cu ber
Cu ber
Cu ber
Cu
ber
Cu
Ac mu
A c mu
Ac mu
A c
A c
A c
m u
A c mu
m
u
m
u
mu
tual
tual
tual
tual
tual
tual
lative
tual lative
lative
lative
lative
lative
lative
lative
(‘>4
5
17
21
36
57
16
73
23
96
3 *100
2 100
2 100
*
100
0)
2 100
100
0)
$
Per cent
Per cent
Motorm en, inside Trackmen, inside
mine
mine
EARNINGS
Under 30 cents.......... .....
16
30 and under 40 c e n ts .. 214
40 and under 50 cents. .
807
50 and under 60 ce n ts .. 1,740
60 and under 70 cents. .
774
70 and under 80 cents. _ 1,112
80 and under 90 c e n ts ..
168
90 cents and under $1__
14
$1 and under $1.10_____
6
$1.10 and under $1.20...
1
$1.20 and under $1.30
$1.30 and under $1.40...
2
$1.40 and under $1.50
$1.50 and under $1.60-
Laborers, inside
mine
AND
N um
ber
A c
tual
Drivers, inside
mine
HOURS
Brakemen, inside Bratticemen and
timbermen.inside
mine
mine
CD
10
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
AVERAGES FOR MINERS AND LOADERS, 1929, BY STATES
Average starts, or calendar days, in the half month, average hours
in the half month and per start, average earnings per hour, per start,
and in the half month, 1929, and also average days of operation in
1928, are presented in Table 5 for miners and loaders of each of the
11 States included in the 1929 study and for all of the 11 States
combined.
Miners and loaders, as here used, include 70,853 hand loaders,
19,666 hand or pick miners, 5,937 machine miners (cutters), 1,177
gang miners, 765 machine miners’ (cutters’) helpers, 584 contract
loaders, and 423 machine loaders, a total of 99,405.
Average starts, or calendar days, in the half month in 1929 for
each State were obtained by dividing the total number of starts made
by all miners and loaders in the half month by the number of such
miners and loaders. All States combined averaged 9.1 starts or
days in the half month, and the averages by States ranged from 6.8
for the State with the lowest to 9.8 for the State with the highest
average number of starts in the half month.
^Average hours in the half month for each State were obtained by
dividing the total number of hours atface or place of work in the mines,
including time for lunch, or the total number of hours in mine, includ
ing time for lunch and time of travel, of all miners and loaders by
the total number of such miners and loaders. All States combined,
based on time at the face including time for lunch, averaged 72.6
hours, and the averages by States ranged from 49.7 for the State
with the lowest to 77.9 for the State with the highest average number
of hours in the half month.
Average hours per start or day for each State were obtained by
dividing the total number of hours at face, including time for lunch,
or the total number of hours in mine, including time for lunch and
time of travel of all miners and loaders by the total number of starts
made by them in the half month. All States combined, based on
time at the face including time for lunch, averaged 8 hours per start,
and the averages by States ranged from 7.1 for the State with the
lowest to 8.9 for the State with the highest average number of hours
per start.
Average earnings per hour for each State were obtained by dividing
the total earnings of all miners and loaders in the half month by the
total number of hours at face, including time for lunch, or by the
total hours in mine, including time for lunch and time of travel in the
half month. All States combined, based on time at face including
time for lunch, averaged 68.7 cents per hour, and the averages by
States ranged from 45.3 cents per hour for the State with the lowest
to 92.6 cents per hour for the State with the highest average.
Average earnings in the half month for each State were obtained
by dividing the total earnings of all miners and loaders by the number
of such miners and loaders. All States combined averaged $49.85,
and the averages by States ranged from $26.91 for the State with the
lowest to $67.55 for the State with the highest average earnings for
the half month.
Average earnings per start for each State were obtained by dividing
the total earnings of all miners and loaders in the half month by the
total number of starts made by them in the half month. All States
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
11
combined averaged $5.50 per start or day, and the averages by States
ranged from $3.86 for the State with the lowest to $7.04 for the State
with the highest average earnings per start or day.
The days of operation in the calendar year 1928 for all mines in
each State are the days as reported by the United States Bureau of
Mines for that year, weighted by the total number of employees in
all occupations at each mine. The average days of operation for the
11 States combined, based on the number of miners and loaders
shown in the table, was 202. The averages by States ranged from
128 days for the State with the lowest average to 226 for the States
with the highest average. The average for all employees of all
bituminous mines in the United States, as reported for the Bureau
of Mines for the calendar year 1928, was 203 days.
T a b l e 5 . — Number of miners and loaders, average starts, hours, and earnings
Average
starts in half
month covered
Time
at
face includ
ing lunch
Time
in
mine
Time
at
face includ
ing lunch
Alabama.................
Colorado.................
Illinois....................
Indiana...................
Kansas....................
Kentucky...............
Ohio........................
Pennsylvania........
Tennessee...............
Virginia..................
West Virginia____
22
16
37
29
8
64
41
136
15
22
145
4,740
1,989
14,104
4,691
1,349
11,037
7,625
29,665
1,183
2,601
20,421
8.3
6.8
9.6
8.6
7.0
8.4
9.0
9.5
7.0
9.8
9.1
74.2
51.8
77.9
63.5
49.7
68.2
70.5
77.7
53.8
74.3
70.8
81.6
56.3
84.5
67.6
54.5
74.1
76.5
86.4
57.1
79.4
77.9
8.9
7.6
8.1
7.4
7.1
8.1
7.8
8.2
7.7
7.6
7.8
9.8 $0,453 $0.411 $33.58 $4.03
8.2
.815
.750 42.22 6.18
8.8
.867
.799 67.55 7.04
.870 58.85 6.83
7.8
.926
7.7
.712
.650 35.39 5.03
.584 43.24 5.15
.634
8.8
.622
.573 43.83 4.87
8.5
9.1
.645
.580 50.13 5.27
.471 26.91 3.86
8.2
.500
.532 42.23 4.30
8.1
.568
.689
.626 48.77 5.35
8.5
Total............
535
99,405
9.1
72.6
79.6
8.0
8.8
Average hours
.687
.626
49.85
Per start
In half-month-pay
period
Per hour,
based on—
Time
in
mine
Per start,
based on—
Time
at
face includ
ing lunch
In half month,
based on—
Average earnings
Time
in
mine
Mines
State
covered
bureau
by
Num ber of—
5.50
Average days of operation
in year, all mines in State II
Miners and loaders
in 1929, and days of operation in 1928, by States
1222
1 193
1156
1 150
i 128
1212
U71
1218
1226
1223
1223
2 202
i As reported b y the U. S. Bureau of Mines for 1928.
* This average is for the States included in this table, and is based upon the number of miners and loaders
and days of operation shown for each State.
REGULAR AND BASIC HOURS PER DAY AND PER WEEK
The number of hours of work per day and per week of time workers
at the 535 bituminous mines included in this report are fixed by a
specified time for beginning work on each working day of the week,
for the midday lunch or dinner, and for quitting work in the afternoon
The vast majority of the time worker at these mines begin work at
6.30, 7, or 7.30 a. m., work 4K or 5 hours in the morning, take 30
minutes for lunch, work 3 or 3}£ hours in the afternoon, and quit
work at or near 3.30 p. m. The regular or basic hours of work of
these employees are therefore 8 per day and 48 per week, exclusive of
lunch time. Some of the pump men, engineers, motormen, drivers,
and cagers, and a few employees in some of the other occupations
work at times, or whenever necessary, more than 8 hours per day,
and in several occupations some work on Sunday. The Sunday
work and the time in excess of 8 hours per day is paid for at the
regular rate.
12
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
The hours of tonnage or piece workers are presumed or expected to
be approximately the same as those of the time workers, but in act
ual practice their hours are usually more or less irregular. Some
tonnage workers enter the mines as early as 6 or 6.30 a. m., begin
work immediately upon arrival at the face, and work throughout the
day, eating their lunch while waiting for mine cars or material; some
quit for the day at or near noon; while other enter the mines around
or after 7 a. m., take as much time for lunch as they desire, and
often quit work before the mine as a whole ceases operation.
The United States Bureau of Mines 1 reports a total of 593,918
bituminous coal-mine employees of 7,011 mines in 1927, and of these
employees, 547,152, at 5,587 mines, as having the regular or basic
8-hour day. The 8-hour day in bituminous mining has been in effect
in a very large per cent of the mines in the United States for approx
imately 29 years. Section 5 of the Chicago (Jan. 28,1898) agreement
between the miners and operators of the central competitive field
states: “ That on and after April 1,1898, the 8-hour workday, with 8
hours’ pay, consisting of 6 days per week, shall be in effect in all the
districts represented, and that uniform wages for day labor shall be
paid the different prices of labor in the fields named.”
The data in Table 6 on basic or regular hours per day for each of
the years from 1903 to 1927 are as reported by the Bureau of Mines.1
From these figures it is seen that the general trend has been to the
8-hour day. The 8-hour-day mines employed 56.4 per cent of the
total number of wage earners in bituminous coal mining in 1903.
This percentage increased to 64.0 in 1907, decreased to 58.6 in 1916,
increased to 79.0 in 1917, to 90.6 in 1918, to 95.5 in 1919, to 97.1 in
1920, the highest percentage during the period; decreased from year
to year to 93.5 per cent in 1925, increased to 93.7 in 1926, and" de
creased to 93.4 per cent in 1927.
The percentage of employees in 9-hour-day mines decreased from
17.1 in 1903 to 2.0 in 1920, and increased to 5.6 in 1927.
The percentage of employees in 10-hour-day mines decreased from
26.5 in 1903 to 0.9 in 1920 and to 0.5 in 1921, and increased to 1.2 in
1924, decreased to 1.1 in 1925 and to 0.8 in 1926, and increased to
1 per cent in 1927.
Weighted average hours per day for all bituminous employees
decreased from 8.7 in 1903 to 8.04 in 1920 and 1921; increased to 8.08
in 1924 and 1925, decreased to 8.07 in 1926, and increased to 8.08
per day in 1927.
i U. S. Bureau of Mines.
Coal in 1927.
Washington, 1929, p. 368.
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T
able
6 .—
Percentage of men employed in bituminous coal mines that had an estab
lished working day of 8, 9, or 10 hours, 1903 to 1927 1
Per cent of total
employees i n -
Per cent of total
employees in—
Year
1903...................
1904...................
1905...................
1906...................
1907...................
1908...................
1910...................
1911...................
1912...................
1913...................
1514...................
1915...................
13
8-hour
mines
9-hour
mines
56.4
62.1
61.1
63.0
64.0
63.5
62.1
62.9
61.6
61.9
60.7
59.6
17.1
13.8
13.6
13.5
11.6
11.1
11.3
10.9
11.5
15.2
15.4
17.0
Weighted
average
working
day
10-hour (hours)
mines
26.5
24.1
25.3
23.5
24.4
25.4
26.6
26.2
26.9
22.9
23.9
23.4
8.7
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
8.6
Year
1916.
1917.
1918.
1919.
1920.
1921.
1922.
1923.
1924.
1925.
1926.
1927.
S-hour
mines
9-hour
mines
58.6
79.0
90.6
95.5
97.1
96.6
95.1
94.7
93.7
93.5
93.7
93.4
17.4
12.6
6.7
3.5
2.0
2.9
4.0
4.2
5.1
5.4
5.5
5.6
Weighted
average
working
day
10-hour (hours)
mines
24.0
8.4
2.7
1.0
.9
.5
.9
1.1
1.2
1.1
.8
1.0
8.60
8.30
8.12
8.06
8.04
8.04
8.06
8.06
8.08
8.08
8.07
8.08
1 Percentages are calculated on base of total number of men in mipes definitely reported as having an
8-hour, 9-hour, or 10-hour day. A small number of mines that work more than 10 hours or less than 8
hours have been excluded, as have also all mines for which the reports were defective or which changed
their working day during the year.
CLASSIFIED HOURS IN HALF MONTH, 1929
Table 7 shows the number of hand loaders, hand or pick miners,
and machine miners (cutters) and the actual and cumulative per
centages of the employees in each of these occupations whose hours in
a half-monthly pay period in 1929 were within each classified group
of hours. These employees are generally paid rates per ton for min
ing and loading coal. For classifications in these occupations in each
State see Table E, page 46.
In reading the figures in the table it will be observed that in the
half month the hours of 422 or 1 per cent of the 70,853 hand loaders
were less than 8; that the hours of 7,357, or 10 per cent, were within
the group 80 and under 88; that the hours of 7,757, or 11 per cent, were
88 and under 96; that there were less than 10 per cent in any of the
other classified groups; and that in the half month the hours of 266
(206 + 47 + 84-3 + 1 + 1) or less than 1 per cent of the 70,853 were 136
and over. The cumulative percentages show that in the half month
the hours of 1826 (422 + 1,404) or 3 per cent were under 16; 3,598
(422 + 1,404+1,772) or 5 per cent were under 24; of 49 per cent were
under 80; and that in the half month the hours of 99 per cent were
under 128.
Based on an 8-hour day full-time hours in a half month of 11, 12,
13, or 14 days, exclusive of Sunday, would be 88, 96, 104, or 112.
Hours of less than 88 or perhaps 80 in the half month indicate short
time or lost time due to the operation of some mines part time, such
mines being closed on one or more days in the half month, or to lost
time by employees on account of sickness of other disability, volun
tary absence, or to labor turnover. Practically every mine included
in the study reported a few employees in each occupation as having
worked on less days and hours than the number of days the mine was
in operation in the half month for which wage figures were collected
from the pay rolls. A number of employees in service of a mine at
the beginning of the half month left the service before the end of
that period and a number entered the service after the beginning of
99800°—30------2
14
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
the period, and, consequently, their hours ranged from 8 hours or
less to nearly full time.
T
7.— Number and per cent of hand loaders, hand or pick miners, and machine
miners whose hours in half month were within each classified number of hours,
1929
able
[The hours in this table represent total time in mine, which includes hours actually worked, travel time
in mine, and lunch time]
Loaders, hand (475
mines)
Classified hours in half
month
Miners, hand or pick
(230 mines)
Per cent
N um
ber
422
1,404
1,772
2,248
3,152
3,428
4,351
5,546
5,686
6,723
7,357
7,757
6,418
6,147
4,537
3,022
617
206
47
8
3
Under 8 hours........................
8 and under 16 hours.............
16 and under 24 hours...........
24 and under 32 hours...........
32 and under 40 hours...........
40 and under 48 hours...........
48 and under 56 hours...........
56 and under 64 hours...........
64 and under 72 hours______
72 and under 80 hours______
80 and under 88 hours______
88 and under 96 hours______
96 and under 104 hours_____
104 and under 112 hours .
112 and under 120 hours .
120 and under 128 hours____
128 and under 136 hours .
136 and under 144 hours .
144 and under 152 hours .
152 and under 160 hours____
160 and under 168 hours . . .
168 and under 176 hours____
176 and under 184 hours____
184 and under 192 hours____
192 hours and over_________
Per cent
N um
ber
Cumu
Actual lative
(l)
(i)
(9
1
0)
1
0
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
8
8
9
10
11
9
9
6
4
1
1
3
5
8
13
18
24
32
40
49
59
70
79
88
94
99
*100
*100
*100
*100
* 100
3 100
2 100
2 100
100
Miners, machine
(cutters) (456 mines)
Actual Cumu
lative
57
264
367
467
772
897
941
1,446
1,443
1,849
1,838
2,133
1,782
1,982
1,367
1,438
556
54
11
0)
0)
2
0)
0)
1
2
2
4
5
5
7
7
9
9
11
9
10
7
7
3
(0
2
3
6
10
14
19
26
34
43
53
63
72
83
90
97
*100
*100
* 100
* 100
100
Per cent
N um
ber
9
64
61
90
195
137
203
341
360
477
529
535
602
616
537
593
279
114
87
34
24
26
11
6
7
Total___ ____________
70,853
19,666
5,937
Average hours, half m onth.
77.3
82.5
92.4
i Less than 1 per cent.
Actual Cum u
lative
0)
1
1
2
3
2
3
6
6
8
9
9
10
10
9
10
5
2
1
1
0)
(1)
1
1
0)
0)
1
2
4
7
9
13
19
25
33
42
51
61
71
80
90
95
97
98
99
99
* 100
* 100
* 100
100
* This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.
Table 8 shows the number and the actual and cumulative group
percentages of employees, as classified by hours worked in the half
month, in each of six of the most important underground or inside
occupations and of two of the most important surface or outside occu
pations in bituminous coal mining. The employees in these occupa
tions are time workers, and the hours represent the acutal time at
work exclusive of time for lunch and time of travel in mines. The
explanation of Table 7 applies to the figures in this table. For similar
classifications of employees in these occupations in each State see
Table E, page 46.
T a b l e 8*— Number and per cent of employees in each specified occupation whose hours in half month were within each classified number of
hours, 1929
[The hours in this table represent time actually worked or time at face, exclusive of travel time and lunch time]
Motorm en
Trackmen
Carpenters and
* car-repairmen
Laborers
Average hours, half m onth.
81.0
Actual
Cumu
lative
0)
0)
2
1
1
3
3
1
2
5
8
3
11
2
14
3
4
18
23
5
31
8
43
13
13
57
20
77
87
10
92
6
4
96
98
2
99
1
1 2 100
2 100
0)
0) 2 100
100
(0
Num ber
3
20
15
13
26
46
31
45
58
74
120
183
192
291
149
82
54
26
13
10
5
1
1
Cumu
lative
Cumu
lative
C1)
2
2
2
4
2
5
2
7
2
10
3
13
4
17
22
5
29
7
41
11
13
54
14
68
84
16
92
8
4
96
2
98
99
1
1 2 100
(|) 2 100
*100
(l) 2 100
100
0)
Actual
0
Number
12
86
76
73
101
115
152
178
250
318
529
610
649
753
365
198
101
38
30
10
4
2
3
Actual
0)
0)
2
2
1
4
1
5
2
7
2
9
12
3
5
17
22
5
7
28
9
38
13
50
65
15
80
15
8
88
5
93
97
3
2
98
1
99
(i)
99
(i) *100
(i) 2 100
0) 2 100
100
0)
Number
5
106
60
66
79
118
154
222
239
330
458
609
715
722
399
244
164
78
42
23
12
7
5
3
Cumu
lative
2
2
5
7
3
10
13
3
16
3
3
20
24
4
29
5
35
6
43
8
55
11
66
11
12
78
12
90
95
5
98
2
99
1
99
0)
0) *100
*100
(?
*100
(1) 2 100
m
100
Actual
119
430
261
233
238
260
306
421
509
623
882
892
913
970
417
190
95
34
25
11
10
1
2
Cumu
lative
Actual
0)
0)
3
3
2
5
2
7
4
11
5
16
5
20
6
27
9
35
9
44
12
56
12
68
79
11
89
11
95
6
97
3
2
99
99
0)
W 2 100
2
100
O)
( 1) 2 100
100
0)
Number
13
96
79
64
164
187
172
235
329
341
441
473
401
403
216
100
64
14
9
8
1
1
Cumu
lative
Number
Actual
Cumu
lative
Number
0)
C)
2
2
1
3
4
1
1
5
2
8
2
10
4
14
6
20
7
26
11
37
14
52
15
66
17
83
8
91
5
96
98
2
99
1
1
99
0) 2 100
0) 2100
100
0)
Number
<*)
10
50
36
25
37
60
67
115
168
197
311
419
433
482
244
131
59
26
15
8
6
2
Per cent
51
158
166
161
249
282
299
359
380
527
717
917
888
988
688
390
237
153
101
47
48
17
8
3
1
2
2
2
3
4
4
5
5
7
9
12
11
13
9
5
3
2
1
1
1
(0
0)
0)
1
3
5
7
10
14
17
22
27
34
43
54
66
78
87
92
95
97
98
99
2 100
2 100
2 100
100
2,901
3,811
7,842
4,860
4,653
1,458
7,834
88.3
77.8
75.2
89.6
85.8
92.9
86.8
1 Less than 1 per cent.
2 This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.
MINING
T otal_________ ______ 4,854
4
6
8
11
14
18
24
31
39
51
63
76
87
93
96
98
99
2 100
2 100
2 100
2 100
2 100
100
Per cent
COAL
0)
Per cent
Per cent
Per cent
BITUMINOUS
(*)
4
2
2
3
3
4
6
7
9
11
12
13
11
6
4
2
1
1
(l)
(l)
(l)
/IN
Per cent
IN
14
173
107
115
126
146
213
273
317
426
542
590
636
555
267
175
90
47
26
8
1
4
2
1
Per cent
|Actual
Per cent
EARNINGS
Under 8 hours_____________
8 and under 16 hours______
16 and under 24 hours_____
24 and under 32 hours_____
32 and under 40 hours_____
40 and under 48 hours_____
48 and under 56 hours_____
56 and under 64 hours_____
64 and under 72 hours_____
72 and under 80 hours_____
80 and under 88 hours_____
88 and under 96 hours_____
96 and under 104 hours____
104 and under 112 hours___
112 and under 120 hours___
120 and under 128 hours___
128 and under 136 hours___
136 and under 144 hours___
144 and under 152 hours___
152 and under 160 hours___
160 and under 168 horn s___
168 and under 176 hours___
176 and under 184 hours___
184 and under 192 hours___
Laborers
half
Cumu
lative
in
Actual
hours
month
Number
Classified
Drivers
Outside mine
AND
Bratticemen and
timbermen
Brakemen
HOURS
Inside mine
16
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
CLASSIFIED EARNINGS IN HALF MONTH, 1929
The number and the actual and cumulative percentages of employees
whose earnings in the half month were within each classified amount
are presented in Tables 9 and 10 for the same occupations for which
classified hours are shown in Tables 7 and 8. For similar classification
of employees in these occupations in each State see Table F, page 51.
Tables 7 and 8 show the number of hours in the half month and
Tables 9 and 10 show the amount of money earned in those hours.
Employees who lost time or worked short time in the half month for
any cause and whose hours in the half month were consequently few
in number, of course, earned a small amount of money in the half
month and are, therefore, in the lower groups of classified earnings
in the half month.
T a b l e 9 . — Number and per cent of hand loaders, hand or pick miners, and machine
miners, whose earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1929
Loaders, hand (475
mines)
Classified earnings in half
month
Actual
1,406
2,184
2,649
3,529
4,665
5,260
5,818
5,870
5,594
5,608
4,918
4,711
3,962
3,209
2,800
2,235
3,221
1,877
870
285
142
29
6
2
2
earnings,
Per cent
Number
Actual Cumu
lative
202
393
557
782
947
1,225
1,259
1,448
1,486
1,716
1,609
1,597
1,412
1,202
979
793
1,039
565
259
121
66
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
9
8
8
7
6
5
4
5
3
1
1
0)
0)
1
3
6
10
15
21
27
35
42
51
59
67
74
81
85
90
95
98
99
2 100
2 100
2 103
1
0)
100
Actual Cum u
lative
10
38
62
71
58
84
112
134
179
196
216
221
314
281
365
344
691
602
550
436
509
232
118
56
32
13
10
2
1
19,666
5,937
$50.29
$86. 52
(,)i
1
1
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
12
10
9
7
9
4
2
1
1
0)
0)
0)
0)
half
$45.78
i Less‘than 1 per cent.
0)
0)
(0
(1)
0)
0)
2
5
9
14
20
28
36
44
52
60
67
74
79
84
88
91
95
98
99
*100
*100
2100
* 100
2100
100
N um
ber
i
Total............................. 70,853
Average
month.,
2
3
4
5
7
7
8
8
8
8
7
7
6
5
4
3
5
3
1
Cumu
lative
Miners, machine (cut
ters) (456 mines)
Per cent
Per cent
N um
ber
Under $5_________ ________
$5 and under $10___________
$10 and under $15__________
$15 and under $20__________
$20 and under $25__________
$25 and under $30__________
$30 and under $35__________
$35 and under $40__________
$40 and under $45__________
$45 and under $50__________
$50 and under $55__________
$55 and under $60__________
$60 and under $65__________
$65 and under $70__________
$70 and under $75__________
$75 and under $80__________
$80 and under $90__________
$90 and under $100_________
$100 and under $110________
$110 and under $120________
$120 and under $140.... ..........
$140 and under $160________
$160 and under $180________
$180 and under $200......... . . .
$200 and under $ 2 2 0 .._____
$220 and under $240—______
$240 and under $260________
$260 and under $280________
$280 and under $300________
Miners, hand or pick
(230 mines)
i This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.
0)
1
2
3
4
5
7
10
13
16
20
23
29
33
39
45
57
67
76
84
92
96
98
99
2 100
2 100
2 100
2 100
100
T a b l e 10.— Number and per cent of employees in each specified occupation whose earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1929
(9
(>)
6
10
14
22
28
35
44
50
58
65
73
80
87
91
97
99
2 100
100
64
79
69
72
118
130
164
256
322
412
484
485
417
339
328
286
407
295
87
37
9
1
2
1
3
4
1
6
2
8
11
3
3
14
5
20
7
26
8
35
10
45
10
55
9
63
7
70
7
77
83
6
8
91
6
97
2
99
1 2 100
100
0)
1
72
74
81
107
92
125
182
288
349
444
440
447
455
372
370
336
288
98
25
8
2
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
5
7
9
12
4
16
22
6
8
29
39
10
48
9
58
10
68
10
76
8
84
8
7
91
97
6
99
2
2
100
1
100
0)
Laborers
8
20
13
27
38
45
62
70
108
121
148
151
127
136
114
86
102
50
23
3
6
1
1
1
2
3
3
4
5
7
8
10
10
9
9
8
6
7
3
2
(9
(0
1
2
3
5
7
10
15
19
27
35
45
56
64
74
81
87
94
98
99
2 100
100
156
230
300
336
462
543
794
832
866
645
631
482
363
409
285
204
176
71
31
13
5
2,901
3,811
7,842
4, 860
4,653
1,458
7,834
48.31
57.19
49.52
40.90
58.21
54.47
56.84
42.78
iL e ss than 1 per cent.
* This percentage, entered as 100, is between 99.5 and 100.
0)
0)
C1)
2
5
9
13
19
26
36
47
58
66
74
80
85
90
94
96
98
99
2 100
2 100
100
MINING
4,854
half
2
3
4
4
6
7
10
11
11
8
8
6
5
5
4
3
2
1
Cumu
lative
Per cent
Numbei
lative
1 Cumu
Actual
Per cent
Numbei
Cumu
lative
Actual
Per cent
Numbei
Cumu
lative
Actual
6
6
4
10
4
14
4
18
6
24
7
31
8
39
10
48
9
58
8
66
8
74
6
81
5
85
4
89
4
93
3
97
99
2
1 *100
0) 2 100
0) 2 100
(!) 2 100
100
0)
Numbei
455
352
293
333
447
512
628
774
743
642
662
502
353
317
315
241
196
54
12
7
3
1
Cumu
lative
Cumu
lative
1
4
Actual
1
2
2
4
5
7
6
7
9
6
8
7
8
7
7
5
6
2
Numbei
46
91
83
147
177
282
229
263
346
228
302
278
298
267
261
178
223
88
16
8
Actual
Actual
Numbei
Numbei
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
5
2
7
3
9
4
13
5
18
8
26
8
35
11
45
8
54
9
62
8
70
9
79
9
89
7
96
3
99
1 2 100
0) 2 100
100
0)
Cumu
lative
Cumu
lative j
i
Actual
14
0
0)
37
34
39
35
53
75
108
150
232
238
317
244
247
233
259
274
216
85
19
5
1
Per cent
Per cent
Carpenters and
car-repair men
COAL
0)
3
5
8
11
15
20
27
34
44
53
63
70
77
82
89
93
98
99
* 100
a 100
2 100
100
Trackmen
BITUMINOUS
earnings,
3
3
3
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
9
7
7
6
6
4
5
1
Per cent
M otorm en
IN
Total
Average
m onth
135
126
138
143
180
258
313
381
444
476
450
336
341
275
314
205
253
54
20
8
2
2
Per cent
Laborers
EARNINGS
Numbei
Per cent
Drivers
AND
Under $5__________ _______
$5 and under $10________- _
$10 and under $15__________
$15 and under $20__________
$20 and under $25__________
$25 and under $30. _______
$30 and under $35__________
$35 and under $40__________
$40 and under $45__________
$45 and under $50_______- _
$50 and under $55__________
$55 and under $60__________
$60 and under $65__________
$65 and under $70__________
$70 and under $75__________
$75 and under $80_______. . .
$80 and under $90__________
$90 and under $100_________
$100 and under $110________
$110 and under $120________
$120 and under $140
____
$140 and under $160
Bratticemen and
timbermen
HOURS
Brakemen
Classified earnings in half
m onth
Outside mine
Actual
Inside mine
18
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
CLASSIFIED STARTS (DAYS) IN HALF MONTH, 1929
The number of starts, or calendar days, on which employees were
on duty or did any work in the half month was obtained for each of
the 152,211 bituminous mine workers covered by the 1929 study and
the number is presented in percentage form in Table 11. If a man
was on duty any part of a day, he was reported as having made a start
or worked on that day. The table shows for each occupation the aver
age number of starts, or days, per man and the per cent of employees
who were reported as having worked each specified number of starts or
days in the half month. For similar classification of employees in
each occupation and in each State see Table G, page 56.
The records from nearly every mine showed some employees as hav
ing worked on fewer than the number of days the mine was in opera
tion in the half month in 1929 for which data were reported and as
having lost one or more days of work on account of sickness or other
disability, voluntary absence, leaving the service, or of mine disa
bility, slack business, or other causes. The starts, or days, so lost
account in part for the per cent of employees who are shown as having
worked less than 11, 12, 13, or 14 days and also for the resultant
average of only 9.5 starts in the half month for all employees, both
inside and outside the mines, covered by this study.
A record of hours per day or in the half month of tonnage workers
is kept by only a very small per cent of the companies in the coal
industry. For this reason it was not possible to obtain data as to
days and hours from all companies for an identical half month. It
should therefore be borne in mind in studying the figures that the
week days in the different half-monthly pay-roll periods taken were
11, 12, 13, or 14, while in nearly all occupations some employees are
shown as having made more. This is because they worked on Sun
day as well as week days.
T a b l e 11.— Per cent of employees making each specified number of starts (days)
in half month, 1929, by occupation
Occupation
Aver
Per cent of employees whose starts (days on which they
age
Num Num
worked) in the half month were—
of num
ber of ber
em ber of
mines ployees
starts 1 2 3 4 5
8
9 10 11 12 13
(days)
INSIDE 'WORK
Brakemen..............
Bratticemen and
timbermen_____
Cagers___________
Drivers....... —.......
Laborers................
Loaders, contract..
Loaders, hand____
Loaders, machine,.
Miners, gang.........
Miners, hand or
pick....................
Miners, machine
(cutters).............
Miners, machine
(cutters) helpers.
Motor men........ .
Pumpmen.............
Trackmen.............
Trappers (boys)...
Other employees,.
Total..
505
4,854
9.5
8
9
13
14
13
16
456
192
282
456
65
475
28
33
2,901
392
3,811
7,842
584
70,853
423
1,177
10.6
10.9
9.5
9.0
9.7
6
5
10
8
7
11
19
12
7
7
9
8
16
11
10
9
13
11
13
12
16
13
10
13
14
11
11
13
18
12
13
15
14
10
12
11
9
10
15
13
22
23
15
15
16
11
14
16
230
19,666
9.4
8
11
16
12
12
13
456
5,937
10.0
9
9
13
14
11
22
136
504
390
532
765
4,860
1,148
4,653
633
6,814
9.0
10.3
12.3
10.4
9.4
10.7
8
7
2
5
9
6
8
8
3
8
6
6
14
11
5
11
12
11
14
16
9
15
13
12
9
14
9
15
12
11
18
22
22
21
17
28
10 ' 13
13
11
15
200
518
535 137,313
1Less than 1 per cent.
9.5
9.3 j 2
9
(0
0)
(0
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
19
T a b l e 1 1 . — Per cent of employees making each specified number of starts (days)
in half month, 1929, by occupation— Continued
Occupation
Aver
Per cent of employees whose starts (days on which they
age
worked) in the half month were—
Num N um num
of
ber of ber
em
ber of
mines ployees starts
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
(days) 1
OUTSIDE WORK
516
811
11.3
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
5
5
9
16
11
27
7
9
2
471
313
527
506
1,458
652
7,834
4,143
10.8
12.8
10.0
11.1
1
1
2
2
1
0)
2
1
1
(0
2
2
2
1
3
2
3
1
3
2
2
2
3
2
4
1
5
3
5
2
7
5
5
2
8
5
10
4
11
8
14
6
14
11
11
9
11
9
28
31
21
32
7
5
4
6
4
30
3
8
1
6
1
3
Total.............
535
14,898
10.6
2
2
2
3
3
3
4
6
7
2
Grand total.
535 152,211
9.5
2
2
2
4
4
5
Blacksmith.............
Carpenters
and
car-repair m e n ...
Engineers................
Laborers..................
Other employees.
7 1 9I10
9
13
10
26
5
6
13
13
11
16
3
1 0)
i Less than 1 per cent.
CHANGES IN WAGE RATES
Between January 1, 1927, and the period of the 1929 study of
bituminous coal mining, 303 of the 535 mines covered in the study
made 1, and some of them made more than 1, general change in wage
rates of the employees in the various occupations in the industry. A
total of 343 changes were made in the 303 mines, more than 1 change,
as shown in Table 12, having been made in some of the mines in
Alabama, Colorado, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia.
In Alabama 4 of the 22 mines covered in the study made general
changes in rates. The 4 mines made a total of 6 changes—2 changes
each in 2 mines and 1 change in each of the other 2 mines. There
were 2 increases in 1927 and 3 decreases and 1 increase in rates in
1928 in the State.
In 1927 there was a total of 107 decreases and 13 increases in rates.
The changes were limited to 2 mines in Alabama, 10 in Colorado, 15
in Kentucky, 8 in Ohio, 72 in Pennsylvania, 3 in Virginia, and 10 in
West Virginia.
T a b l e 13. — General changes in wage rates in bituminous coal mines, 1927, 1928,
and first four months in 1929, by States
Number of mines
State
Number of changes in which wage rates i n -
N um
ber of
First 4 months
1928 were—
1927 were—
Making changes
of 1929 were—
Included changes
in
in 1929
in wage
rates
rates,
study
De
D e
In
In
In
De
1927-1929
creased creased creased creased creased creased
2
10
A labam a...__ . . . . . . . ___
Colorado _____ ______ - _
Illinois__ _____ __ ____ _
Indiana___ _________ _
Kansas__ . . . . . . . . . . . . . _
K entucky.— ___________
Ohio
..........................
Pennsylvania____ . . . .
Tennessee______________
Virginia.
______
W est Virginia____ _____
22
16
37
29
8
64
41
136
15
22
145
4
16
37
26
7
23
40
104
6
26
37
26
7
23
40
127
15
8
71
5
41
6
45
3
10
Total_____________
535
303
343
107
1
3
37
26
7
6
30
50
1
16
1
2
33
13
194
1
2
5
1
2
18
10
1
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
20
Rates before and after the changes were obtained for the employees
in each occupation at each mine. From these rates average rates
before and average rates after the changes and the per cent decrease
or increase have been computed for hand loaders, inside laborers,
brakemen, hand or pick miners, machine miners (cutters), motormen,
and outside laborers in each State and for all States combined and
are presented in Table 13. The employees in these occupations
represent 73 per cent of the 152,211 employees covered in the 1929
study.
For hand loaders, the third occupation in the table, the average for
all States combined before the changes was 63.9 cents per ton and 55.1
cents per ton after the changes or a decrease of 13.8 per cent. The
average rates by States before the changes ranged from 43.8 cents
per ton for the State with the lowest to 90 cents per ton for the State
with the highest average and after the changes ranged from 43.6
cents to 72.9 cents per ton. Average rates were decreased in 9 States,
increased in 1 (Colorado), and there was no change in 1 State (Ten
nessee). The decreases ranged by States from 0.5 per cent to 26.4
per cent.
T
13.— Average rates before and after changes in wage rates and per cent
decrease or increase in each of seven specified occupations in each State between
January 1, 1927, and the period of the 1929 study
able
Occupation and State
Number of
employees
covered in
1929
Average rate
Per cent
Before
changes
After
changes
Per hour
$0,391
.646
.938
.926
.938
.596
.924
.837
.378
.458
Per hour
$0.391
.764
.761
.776
.625
.533
.620
.679
.378
.451
.549
Decrease
Brakemen:
Alabama........
Colorado........
Illinois............
Indiana______
Kansas______
K en tu cky___
Ohio................
Pennsylvania.
Tennessee___
Virginia..........
West Virginia
742
186
926
70
246
1,600
Total............
4,810
.675
.593
700
39
751
158
27
.370
.704
.905
.929
.938
.498
.893
.735
.365
.427
.518
.370
.807
.742
.760
.625
.442
.599
.594
.365
.426
.498
18.0
18.2
33.4
11.2
32.9
19.2
12 . £
Laborers (inside):
Alabam a........
Colorado........
Illinois______
Indiana______
Kansas............
K en tu cky___
Ohio................
Pennsylvania.
Tennessee___
Virginia..........
West Virginia
Total______
Loaders, hand:
Alabama_____
Colorado........
Illinois............
Indiana______
Kansas...........
Kentucky___
Ohio................
Pennsylvania.
Tennessee___
Virginia..........
W est Virginia
Total______
253
37
561
177
12
,
1 2(10
293
1,803
122
427
2,212
18.9
16.2
33.4
10.6
32.9
18.9
Increase
18.3
1.5
2.0
12.1 !
14.6
.2
7,742
.607
.529
1,863
765
7,710
2,457
80
8,749
6,642
17,961
479
2,304
14,492
Per ton
.462
.629
.872
.812
.900
.492
.788
.711
.492
.438
.477
Per ton
.456
.692
.729
.670
.710
.453
.580
.588
.492
.436
.462
21.1
63,502
.639
.551
13.8
1.3
10.0
16.4
17.5
7.9
26.4
17.3
.5
3.1
HOOTS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
21
T a b l e 1 3 . — Average rates before and after changes in wage rates and per cent
decrease or increase in each of seven specified occupations in each State between
January 1, 1927, and the period of the 1929 study— Continued
9
Number of
employees
covered in
1929
Occupation and State
Average rate
Per cent
Before
changes
After
changes
Decrease
Miners, hand or pick:
.AlahftTrift ..........
Colorado_____________________________
IHinoifl ___ _
„ r -- Indian^ t
^_____
,.
___ _
Kansas................ „ r
Kentucky____________________________
Ohio.............................................................
Pennsylvania________________________
Tennessee____________________________
W est Virginia________________________
57(5
1,150
2,488
1,537
1,156
442
3
8,004
549
1,583
Per ton
$0,683
.854
1.090
1.069
1.250
.664
1.116
.998
.632
.553
Per ton
$0,682
.947
.920
.909
1.010
.658
.876
.842
.632
.535
15.6
15.0
19.2
.9
21.5
15.6
T o ta l..____ ________________________
17,488
.954
.833
12.7
.078
.076
.134
.148
.250
.114
.145
.144
.085
.080
.102
.081
.082
.100
.120
.200
.103
.098
.112
.085
.080
.097
25.4
18.9
20.0
9.6
32.9
22.2
West Virginia________________________
48
27
762
277
13
555
613
1,406
4
21
955
Total__ . . . . . . . . . __________ ______
r
Miners, machine (cutters):
Alabama_____ ________ - _____________
C olorado._____ —____________________
Illinois
_ _____
__ __
_ __
I n d i a n a .........._____________ - ____ _
Kansas____ — _______________________
K entucky__________________________ . .
Ohio_______________________________ _
Pennsylvania________________________
Tennessee ___________________ - __ - _
Virginia
______________________________
Increase
0.14
10.9
3.3
3.8
7.9
.1
4.9
4,681
* .130
.104
20.0
Motormen:
Alabama______ . . . . __________________
Colorado_____________________________
Illinois______ - _______________________
Indiana__ . . . . . . ______________________
Kansas____ . . . ______________________ K entucky____________________________
Ohio.............................................................
Pennsylvania.____ ___________________
Tennessee. _________________________Virginia______________________________
West Virginia________________________
215
33
555
203
14
715
196
1,077
63
220
1,525
Per hour
.463
.744
1.013
1.005
1.003
.644
.931
.851
.455
.505
.610
Per hour
.460
.828
.874
.851
.689
.583
.633
.704
.455
.500
.588
13.7
15.3
31.3
9.5
32.0
17.3
.6
11.3
1.0
3.6
Total........................................................
4,816
.734
.650
11.4
laborers, outside:
Alabama_____________________________
Colorado_____________________________
Illinois___ ___________________________
Indiana______________________________
Kansas_______________ _______________
Kentucky____________________________
Ohio............................................................
Pennsylvania__________________. . . . . . .
Tennessee_______________ - ____ . . . . . . .
Virginia.......................................................
West Virginia________________ . . . . ___
433
146
789
255
22
1,024
413
1,726
161
286
2,517
.273
.564
.859
.834
.858
.460
.846
.589
.337
.356
.470
.272
.662
.700
.694
.545
.440
.532
.496
.337
.354
.457
18.5
16.8
36.5
4.3
37.1
15.8
Total___ ________________ . . . . . . . . __
7,772
.552
.488
11.6
.4
17.4
.6
2.8
INDEX NUMBERS OF TONNAGE RATES OF HAND LOADERS AND HAND OR PICK MINERS IN HOCKING VALLEY
DISTRICT
In number of employees and in work performed, hand loaders and
hand or pick miners are the basic occupations in bituminous coal
mining. The 70,853 hand loaders and 19,666 hand or pick miners
together represent 59.5 per cent of the total of 152,211 employees of
the mines covered in the 1929 study.
22
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
Hand loaders and hand or pick miners are paid on the tonnage
basis, and practically no data are available either as to hours per day
or as to earnings per hour. The employees in these two occupations
as a rule pay for the explosives used by them in blasting the coal from
the seams and for the sharpening of their tools. Index numbers based
on average net earnings per hour for a period of years could not there
fore be computed for these occupations. Loading rates per ton of
2,000 pounds in rooms with hand drilling and hand or pick mining
rates per ton of 2,000 pounds of run of mine for each of the years
1902 to 1930, as given in the agreements between the miners and
operators of the Hocking Valley district of Ohio, have been used in
computing index numbers for these two occupations, with the 1902
rate as the base or 100. “ Run of mine” is coal as it comes from the
mines, including the various sizes of “ lump” and “ slack.” The
Hocking Valley district is subdistrict No. 1 of district No. 6 of the
United Mine Workers of America. The rates entered in Table 14
for hand loading and for hand or pick mining are, as stated in the
“ New York, N. Y., March 31, 1920, interstate agreement between
the miners and the operators of western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana,
and Illinois, for the thin-vein district of western Pennsylvania, east
ern Ohio, Hocking, Cambridge, and Amsterdam-Bergholz district of
Ohio,” and in the agreement of district No. 6 of the United Mine
Workers with the Central Ohio Coal Operators* Association, effective
September 1, 1928 to March 31, 1930. It will be observed that the
change of September 1, 1928, resulted in a reduction from 80 to 60
cents per ton, or 25 per cent in the rates of hand loaders and in a de
crease from SI.1164 to 87.64 cents per ton or 21 per cent in the rates
of hand or pick miners. Between 1926 and 1929 as shown in Table 1,
page 2, the decrease in average earnings per hour, based on time at
face including time for lunch, of hand loaders in the 475 mines cov
ered in the 11 States was 16.8 per cent of pick or hand miners was 14
per cent. Thus it is seen that between 1926 and 1929 there was a
greater decrease in the Hocking Valley district of the central com
petitive field than in the country as a whole.
Inasmuch as loaders and hand or pick miners have usually paid
for explosives and tool sharpening from the amounts earned by them
at their tonnage rates, and as the cost of such explosives may not
have changed in the same proportion as the tonnage rates have
changed, the index numbers in Table 14 do not represent exact net
average earnings per hour. They do, however, show the exact trend
of tonnage rates in the Hocldng Valley district, and it is believed that
they also represent very nearly the trend in average earnings per hour.
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
23
T a b l e 1 4 . — Periods of wage agreements, tonnage rates, and index numbers thereoffor
hand loaders and hand or pick miners, 1902 to 1930
[1902 rate=100.90.]
Hand loadeis’ tonnage
rate in rooms with
hand drilling
Hand or pick miners’
tonnage rate for run
of mine
Period of wage agreement
Amount
Apr. 1,1902, to Mar. 31, 1903................................................
Apr. 1, 1903, to Mar. 31,1904...............................................
Apr. 1,1904, to Mar. 31, 1905................................................
Apr. 1,1905, to Mar. 31, 1906 ..............................................
Apr. 1, 1906, to Mar. 31, 1907................. ........ ............. .......
Apr. 1, 1907, to Mar. 31, 1908.______ ___ ____________
Apr. 1, 1908, to Mar. 31, 1909....................
...................
Apr. 1, 1909, to Mar. 31,1910..................................... ..........
Apr. 1,1910, to Mar. 31,1911...................... .........................
Apr. 1,1911, to Mar. 31,1912.............
........................
Apr. 1,1912, to Mar. 31,1913______ _ ______ _________
Apr. 1,1913, to July 15,1914__________ _______________
July 16,1914, to Mar. 31,1915.......... ...................................
Apr. 1,1915, to Mar. 31,1916............................................—
Apr. 1,1916, to Apr. 15,1917.................................................
Apr. 16,1917, to Oct. 29,1917.............................................
Oct. 29,1917, to Mar. 31,1918......................................... .
Apr. 1,1918, to Mar. 31,1919................. .............................
Apr. 1,1919, to Dec. 1 ,1 9 19 .................................................
Dec. 1,1919, to Mar. 31, 1920__________________________
Apr. 1, 1920, to Mar. 31,1921................. .............................
Apr. 1,1921, to Mar. 31, 1922............. ........ .........................
Apr. 1, 1922, to Mar. 31, 1923................. ..............................
Apr. 1, 1923, to Mar. 31, 1924______ _____________ _____
Apr. 1, 1924, to Mar. 31, 1925...............................................
Apr. 1, 1925, to Mar. 31, 1926...............................................
Apr. 1, 1926, to Mar. 31, 1927................................................
Apr. 1, 1927, to Aug. 31, 1928................................................
Sept. 1,1928, to Mar. 31, 1930 ..........................................
$0.4400
.5100
.4800
.4800
.5135
.5135
.5135
.5135
. 5470
.5470
.5850
.5850
.4000
. 4000
. 42G0
. 5110
.5960
.5960
. 5960
.6900
.8000
.8000
.8000
.8000
».8000
K 8000
i. 8000
K 8000
.C0G0
Index
number
100.00
115.91
109.09
109.09
116.70
116.70
116.70
116.70
124.32
124.32
132. 95
132. 95
90.91
90. 91
96.82
116.14
135. 45
135. 45
135.45
156.82
181.82
181.82
181.82
181.82
1181.82
1181.82
1181.82
1181.82
136.36
Amount
$0.5714
.6429
. 6071
.6071
.6429
.6429
.6429
.6429
. 6785
.6785
.7143
.7143
. 6760
. 6760
. 6764
.7764
.8764
.8764
.8764
.9864
1.1164
1.1164
1.1164
1.1164
11.1164
l 1.1164
11.1164
11.1164
.8764
Index
number
100.00
112.51
106.25
106.25
112.51
112.51
112.51
112.51
118.74
118.74
125.01
125.01
118.31
118.31
118.38
135.88
153.38
153.38
153.38
172.63
195.38
195.38
195.38
195.38
1195.38
1195.38
1195.38
1195.38
153.38
i Renewed b y Jacksonville agreement.
NUMBER OF MINES, PRODUCTION, AND WAGE EARNERS,
1928
In 1928 bituminous or soft coal was mined in 33 States and Alaska.
Table 15 shows for each of the 11 States covered in this study, for
the 11 States combined, and for the United States, the number of
mines, the number of net tons of coal produced, and the number of
wage earners in the bituminous industry in 1928, and the number of
wage earners for which 1929 data are presented in this report. Ap
proximately 92 per cent of the total production and 91 per cent of the
total number of wage earners were in the 11 States. The 133,414
wage earners in the 1,557 mines in Pennsylvania produced 131,202,163
net tons of coal in 1928, and the data for 1929 presented in this re
port are for 42,600 Pennsylvania wage earners.
24
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b l e 15. — Number of bituminous mines (exclusive of wagon mines), production,
number of employees, and number of employees covered in 1928, by States
N um ber of wage earners
Number
of mines 1
State
West Virginia..............
Pennsylvania...............
Kentucky................... .
Illinois.......................... .
Alabama........ ...............
In d ia n a ........................
Ohio...............................
Virginia.........................
Colorado...................... .
Tennessee.................... .
IBS ..............
For which
data are
presented
in this
report
215
90
232
132,952,159
131,202,163
61,860,379
55,948,199
17,621,362
16,378,580
15,641,225
11,900,933
9,847,707
5,610,959
2,809,724
111, 733
133,414
62,195
64,266
25,708
16,806
21,371
12,312
12,366
7,849
5,991
35,096
42,600
17,961
20,330
7,759
6,773
10,408
4,699
3,001
1,946
1,638
5,245
6,450
461,773,390
500,744,970
474,011
522,150
152,211
1,557
537
547
212
169
620
86
Total 11 States..
Total, all States.
Total produc
tion (tons) 1
i U. S. Bureau of Mines figures, 1928.
IMPORTANCE OF BITUMINOUS COAL MINING, 1914 TO 1928
Table 16, compiled from Coal in 1927 1 and from the 1928 prelimi
nary reports as published by the United States Bureau of Mines,
indicates the importance of bituminous mining and changes in the
industry in point of number of employees, net tons (2,000 pounds)
of coal produced, value of total production, and value per net ton at
mines in each of the years 1914 to 1928. Index numbers based on
these figures with the 1914 figures taken as the base, or 100 per cent,
are also shown in the table.
The number of employees decreased from 583,506, or an index of
100 in 1914 to 557,456, or an index of 95.5 in 1915; increased each
year to the peak of 704,793, or an index of 120.8 in 1923; decreased to
an index of 106.2 in 1924 and 100.9 in 1925; increased to an index of
101.7 in 1926 and 101.8 in 1927, after which the number of employees
dropped to 522,150, or an index of 89.5 showing a decrease of 10.5
per cent ! etween 1914 and 1928.
The average number of days mines were in operation during the
period of years ranged from 142 days in 1922 to 249 in 1918. The
very low average in 1922 was due to the strike of 603,031 men who,
because of the strikes, were idle an average of 122 days. The low
average of 149 days in 1921 was caused by the depression of the coal
industry in that year when the production was 415,921,950 tons, the
lowest figure for any year from 1914 to 1928.
The value of coal at the mines increased from $1.17 per net ton, or
an index of 100, in 1914 to $3.75 per ton, or an index of 320.5 in 1920;
decreased to $2.89 in 1921; increased to $3.02 in 1922; decreased to
$2.68 in 1923, to $2.20 in 1924, and to $2.04 in 1925; increase to $2.06
in 1926, then decreased to $1.99 in 1927, and to $1.86, or an index of
159.0, in 1928, showing an increase of 59 per cent between 1914 and
1928.
1
8. Bureau of Mines.
Coal, 1924, Washington, 1927.
HOUBS AND EABNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T
25
16.— Number of employees, average number of days in operation, net tons
mined, and value of total production and per ton at mines, and index numbers
thereof, 1914 to 1928, by year
able
[1914 average* 100]
Value at mine
Number
of em
ployees
Year
191 4
191 5
191 6
191 7
.
191 8
.
191 9
.
192 0
192 1
1 9221....
1923 1 ... .
1924 *. . . .
1925 2 ... .
1926 2 ... .
1927 2___
1928 2_ .
.
Aver
age
num
ber of
days Net tons pro
mines
duced
were
in
opera
tion
583,506
557,456
561,102
603,143
615,305
621,998
639,547
663,754
687,958
704,793
619,604
588,493
593,647
593,918
522,150
195
203
230
243
249
195
220
149
142
179
171
195
215
191
203
422.703.970
442,624,426
502.519.682
551,790,563
579,385,820
465,860,058
568.666.683
415,921,950
422,268,099
564,564,662
483,686,538
520,052,741
573,366,985
517,763,352
500.744.970
Total produc
tion
Per
ton
$493,309,244
502,037,688
665,116,077
1,249,272,837
1,491,809,940
1,160,616,013
2.129.933.000
1,199,983,600
1.274.820.000
1.514.621.000
1.062.626.000
1.060.402.000
1.183.412.000
1.029.657.000
933,774,000
$1.17
1.13
1.32
2.26
2.58
2.49
3.75
2.89
3.02
1 Including wagon mines.
2.68
2.20
2.04
2.06
1.99
1.86
Index numbers of—
Value at
Aver
mine
age
num
N um
ber
of
Net
ber of
days
tons
em
mines
pro Total
ploywere duced pro
Per
in
ton
duc
tion
opera
tion
100.0
95.5
96.2
103.4
105.4
106.6
109.6
113.8
117.9
120.8
106.2
100.9
101.7
101.8
89.5
100.0
104.1
117.9
124.6
127.7
100.0
104.7
118.9
130.5
137.1
100.0
110.2
112.8
76.4
72.8
91.8
87.7
100.0
110.3
97.9
104.1
134.5
98.4
99.9
133.6
114.4
123.0
135.6
122.5
118.5
100.0
101.8
134.8
253.2
302.4
235.3
431.8
243.3
258.4
307.0
215.4
215.0
239.9
208.7
189.8
100.0
96.6
112.8
193.2
219.7
212.8
320.5
247.0
258.1
229.1
188.0
174.4
176.1
170.1
159.0
J Excluding wagon mines.
OCCUPATIONS IN THE INDUSTRY
The occupations for which data are presented in this bulletin are
listed below. For definitions see Bulletin No. 416, pages 90 to 92.
Inside work:
Brakemen.
Brattice men and timber men.
Cagers.
Drivers.
Laborers.
Loaders, contract.
Loaders, hand.
Loaders,machine.
Miners, gang.
Miners, hand or pick.
Miners, machine (cutters).
Miners, machine (cutters), helpers.
Inside work— Continued.
Motormen.
Pumpmen.
Trackmen.
Trappers (boys).
Other employees.
Outside work:
Blacksmiths.
Carpenters and car-repair men.
Engineers.
Laborers.
Other employees.
GENERAL TABLES
In addition to the text tables already shown, seven general tables
are presented, as follows:
T a b l e A.—Average number of starts (days) and average hours and
earnings of miners and loaders, 1922,1924,1926, and 1929, by occupa
tion and State.
T a b l e B.—Average number of starts (days) and average hours and
earnings of employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924,
1926, and 1929, by place of work, occupation, and State.
26
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b l e C.—Number of miners and loaders in each State whose
average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1929,
by occupation.
T a b l e D.—Number of employees other than miners and loaders
in each State whose average earnings per hour were within each
classified amount, 1929, by occupation.
T a b l e E.—Number of employees in each specified occupation in
each State who worked each classified number of hours in half month,
1929.
T a b l e F.—Number of employees in each specified occupation in
each State whose earnings in half month were within each classified
amount, 1929.
T a b l e G.—Number of employees making each specified number of
starts (days) in half month, 1929, by place of work, occupation, and
State.
T
A.— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
miners and loaders 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1928, by occupation and State
able
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per ton or per mine car based upon
contents]
Average hours
Occupation and
State
N um N um
Year ber of ber of
em
mines
ployees
Aver
age
In half
num
month
ber of based on—
starts
(days)
in
Tim e
half at face Time
month includ in
ing mine
lunch
Average earnings
Per start
based on—
Tim e
at face Tim e
includ in
ing
mine
lunch
Per hour
based on—
In
Per
half
Tim e
month start
at face Time
includ in
ing
mine
lunch
LOADERS, CONTRACT
1924
1926
1929
1926
1924
1926
1929
1929
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
10
17
12
1
8
26
22
2
1
1
2
9
7
4
7
21
72
291
208
1
85
244
221
8
7
25
4
103
18
9
48
104
(l)
10.5
10.5
11.1
11.8
9.9
10.7
Total.............. 1924
1926
1929
24
61
65
170
694
584
9.5
10.1
9.7
79.9
85.3
82.9
8
32
29
19
7
15
15
13
17
35
33
30
8
15
9
21
2
20
78
86
64
25
55
45
41
41
128
130
120
17
10
9
12
21
22
1.535
3.060
3.070
3,137
445
1,178
1,099
769
4,257
10,079
11,511
9,671
1,436
2,470
1,602
2,634
80
2,540
7,266
9,904
9,080
3,119
6,832
6,747
6,948
5,650
19,046
19,065
18,439
860
025
488
1,006
1,894
2,391
8.4
7.6
8.5
8.2
9.1
8.0
10.0
6.8
8.9
7.6
9.4
9.1
8.3
6.0
10.3
8.2
4.0
8.6
8.1
9.0
8.2
8.7
7.7
9.2
8.9
8.8
8.9
9.7
9.3
7.5
8.3
5.9
8.2
*9.0
9.7
69.8
64.8
74.2
72.4
69.9
62.3
81.2
53.8
70. .7
60.8
77.0
74.8
61.7
45.3
72.8
62.4
33.6
63.4
63.2
69.7
65.5
65.0
59.1
71.6
69.2
68.5
72.3
78.7
75.1
56.5
63.5
45.1
61.6
70.9
72.1
Alabama..................
Colorado...................
Kentucky.................
Pennsylvania..........
Tennessee.................
Virginia____ ______
West Virginia..........
8.3
9.4
9.0
(0
10.2
10.8
10.2
12.1
8.4
8.8
8.8
Q)
8.4
8.2
8.4
8.5
(0
0)
8.6
8.2
7.4
8.5
7.6
8.7
8.8 $0,954
9.7
.717
9.8
.720
0)
0)
.878
8.9
8.8
.883
9.1
.875
9.5 1.337
0)
(0
0)
0)
8.9 1.129
8.9
.988
7.9 1.077
9.0 1.127
8.3 1.210*
9.4 1.085
84.3
92.4
90.8
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.9
9.1
9.4
74.9
70.4
81.4
79.5
77.5
66.8
88.3
57.6
75.1
66.2
85.1
81.0
64.6
47.4
78.1
66.5
35.8
67.7
67.8
74.2
71.2
70.9
64.3
77.8
75.1
75.4
78.7
85.9
83.2
eo.i
68.2
48.1
65.4
76.1
77.2
8.3
8.5
8.7
8.8
7.7
7.8
8.1
7.9
8.0
8.0
8.2
8.2
7.5
7.5
7.1
7.6
8.4
7.3
7.8
7.8
8.0
7.5
7.7
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.1
8.1
8.1
7.6
7.7
7.6
7.5
7.8
7.4
8.9
9.3
9.6
9.7
8.5
7.9
8.8
8.4
8.5
8.7
9.0
8.9
7.8
7.9
7.6
8.1
9.0
7.8
8.4
8.3
8.7
8.2
8.4
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.9
8.8
9.0
8.1
8.3
8.1
8.0
8.4
8.0
70.3 73.8
83.5 91.8
79.0 87.9
0)
0) ,
85.4 90.5
88.5 94.3
85.8 93.3
103.3 115.1
(0
0)
0)
0)
90.3 93.8
86.2 92.9
82.0 87.3
100.4 106.5
75.0 82.1
93.2 101.5
$0,909
.652
.647
0)
.828
.828
.805
1.199
0)
0)
1.087
.917
1.012
1.063
1.106
.997
$67.06
59.89
56.86
(0
74.94
78.11
75.05
138.05
Q)
0)
101.88
85.17
88.34
113.14
90.83
101.14
$8.03
6.35
6.34
0)
7.36
7.25
7.36
11.39
(0
0)
9.70
8.11
7.95
9.61
9.20
9.42
.929
.849
.869
.881
.784
.793
74.26
72.43
72.07
7.82
7.16
7.45
.497
.492
.478
.388
.927
.858
.789
.736
1.197
1.092
1.078
.857
1.146
1.083
1.116
.922
.719
.752
.693
.617
.595
.973
.860
.817
.592
.739
.743
.711
.601
.508
.436
.464
.604
.597
.549
.464
.454
.436
.353
.837
.799
.726
.688
1.127
1.003
.976
.791
1.094
1.034
1.040
.865
.676
704
.646
.579
.547
.893
.791
.752
.545
.672
.682
.651
.542
.478
.406
.436
.569
.556
.513
34.73
31.93
35.47
28.08
64.84
53.41
64.07
39.62
84.58
66.40
83.07
64.12
70.65
49.05
81.25
57.52
24.19
47.64
43.78
42.98
38.98
63.32
50.87
58.48
40.93
50.64
53.68
55.94
45.14
28.73
27.68
20.96
37.24
42.33
39.62
4.12
4.20
4.16
3.43
7.13
6.65
6.39
5.78
9.53
8.76
8.80
7.03
8.54
8.17
7.90
7.02
6.07
5.51
5.40
4.78
4.77
7.29
6.63
6.35
4.61
5.79
6.05
5.75
4.88
3.85
3.35
3.54
4.53
4.68
4.09
LOADERS, HAND
Alabama..................
Colorado..................
Illinois...... ...............
Indiana....................
Kansas......................
Kentucky.................
Ohio..........................
Pennsylvania..........
Tennessee................
Virginia....................
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
.1929
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1Data included in total.
27
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
28
T
A .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
miners and loaders 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by occupation and State—
Continued
able
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per ton or per mine car based upon
contents]
Average hours
Occupation and
State
Aver
In half
age
month
num
N um N um ber of based on—
of starts
Year ber of ber
em
mines
(days)
ployees
in
Tim e
half at face Tim e
month includ in
ing mine
lunch
Average earnings
Per start
based on—
Tim e
at face Tim e
includ in
ing mine
lunch
Per hour
based on—
In
Per
half
Tim e
month start
at face Tim e
includ in
ing
mine
lunch
LOADERS, HAND—
continued
West Virginia.......... 1922
1924
1926
1929
42
127
110
134
2,979
10,139
10,897
17,216
8.6
8.2
9.4
9.0
60.2
56.4
67.1
69.1
64.7
61.4
73.3
76.2
7.0
6.8
7.1
7.7
7.5 $0,904 $0,841 $54.40
7.4
.764 46.91
.831
.776
7.8
.710 52.05
8.4
.653
.591 45.06
T otal.............. 21922
1924
1926
1929
176
514
488
475
22,560
61,936
66,414
70,853
8.7
8.1
9.4
8.9
66.2
63.3
73.7
70.6
71.5
68.6
80.3
77.3
7.7
7.8
7.8
7.9
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.7
1
1
9
\
(0
(9
?}
8.6
8.3
0)
7.8
10.1
9.3
8.5
9)
(9
.902
.811
.779
.648
.836
.748
.715
.592
59.75
51.29
57.48
45.78
$6.33
5.69
5.51
4.99
C. 90
6.32
6.12
5.15
LOADEBS, MACHINE
Alabama................... 1924
1929
Illinois...................... ^926
1929
Indiana___________ 1926
1929
Kentucky_________ 1926
1929
Ohio______________ 1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania_____ 1926
1929
Tennessee_________ 1924
1926
1929
Virginia___________ 1924
1926
1929
West Virginia-........ 1924
1926
1929
3
4
4
2
1
1
6
8
1
1
1
1
2
3
5
5
4
17
28
34
85
27
85
23
26
15
17
2
39
72
19
18
18
5
36
32
46
112
75
T otal.............. 1924
1926
1929
10
23
28
102
306
423
1
13
17
5
573
919
738
98
71
73
15
41
35
47
9
282
272
27
3
3
1
9.9
8.8
O
10.0
8.8
9.2
11.6
(9
10.5
9.5
(i)
9}
(9
84.9
73.0
(9
92.6
79.9
(9
78.7 83.4
38.6 93.9
85.1 92.8
98.1 102.4
<l)
0)
(0
88.5 97.7
84.8 95.1
(})
(j)
0)
(9
(9
(9
8.5
9.0
9
\
(9
9.4
9.1
1.043
1.065
8.3
10.7
10.1
8.8
1.093
.686
.632
1.179
(9
(9
(9
9.3
10.0
(9
(9
9}
(9
.957
.974
(9
(9
(9
(9
(9
(9
(9
88.57
77.79
1.032 86.04
.647 60.81
.579 53.76
1.130 115.75
(9
(9
.704
.712
.638
.635
v)
(9
(9
(9
(9
62.32
60.37
v)
(1)
8.2
11.8
10.8
10.2
11.2
(9
v)
91
9)
(9
82.9
112.5
99.1
89.8
98.2
87.9
117.6
ioe.7
95.8
108.4
10.1
9.5
9.2
8.7
8.8
10.7
10.0
9.9
9.3
9.7
.551
.565
.681
.717
.743
.519
.541
.633
.671
.673
45.68
63.56
67.48
64.32
72.94
9.4
9.9
9.8
84.3
87.3
84.5
90.4
93.7
91.6
9.0
8.8
8.6
9.6
9.5
9.4
.690
.788
.810
.644
.735
.747
58.20
68.80
68.39
(9
(9
(9
(9
(9
0)
(9
(9
(9
9)
W
(9
(9
(9
9)
(9
(9
(9
(9
(9
8.96
8.86
8.56
6.92
5.87
9.98
(9
(9
5.96
6.37
(9
(9
(9
(9
5.57
5.39
6.23
6.26
6.52
6.20
6.96
7.00
MINERS, GANG
Alabama................... 1926
1929
Colorado__________ 1924
Illinois...................... 1924
1926
1929
1924
Indiana............. .
1926
1929
Kentucky_________ 1926
1929
Ohio______________ 1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania.......... 1924
1929
Tennessee................. 1929
1
1
18
21
15
6
5
3
2
3
1
3
2
8
7
2
1 Data inchided iii total.
m
9
b>
7.7
9.6
9.8
7.0
9.4
11.5
9.1
5.5
(9
11.2
10.4
9.2
8.9
9.2
(i)
(i)
63.4
79.6
81.9
53.7
71.2
91.4
75.0
43.6
(9
88.8
60.1
76.2
76.9
76.0
<9
(9
(0
(9
(9
(9
68.8
87.1
88.2
55.8
75.8
97.1
82.9
47.3
97.9
67.6
83.5
85.1
79.0
(9
(9
(1)o
8.3
8.3
8.4
7.7
7.6
7.9
8.3
8.0
7.9
5.8
8.3
8.6
8.2
0)
(9
(9
9.0
9.1
9i 0
8.0
8.1
8.4
9.1
8.7
1.361
1.411
1.108
1.318
1.335
1.319
.685
.616
8.8
6.5
9.1
9.5
8.6
1.084
1.096
.865
.721
.848
(9
(9
1.254 86.23
1.289 112.28
1.029 90.75
1.269 70.82
1.254 95.11
1.242 120.63
.619 51.34
567 26.84
(9
.982
.973
.789
.651
.816
(9
96.22
65.80
65.90
55.42
64.48
* Inclu des dat:a for 13tah, W ashing ton, an<i W y o i aing.
(9
(9
(9
11.25
11.73
9.28
10.15
10.14
10.45
5.66
4.91
(9
8.61
6.30
7.16
6.21
6.99
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T
29
A , — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
miners and loaders 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by occupation and State—
Continued
able
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per ton or per mine car based upon
contents]
Average hours
Occupation and
State
Aver
In half
age
month
um num
N um N
ber
of
based
on—
of
Year ber of ber
starts
em
mines ployees (days)
in
Tim e
half at face Time
month includ in
ing mine
lunch
Average earnings
Per start
based on—
Tim e
face Tim e
includ in
ing mine
lunch
at
Per hour
based on—
In
Per
half
Tim e
month start
at face Tim e
includ in
ing
mine
lunch
MINERS, GANG— c o n .
W est Virginia......... 1924
6
43
10.1
70.9
76.6
7.0
7.6 $1,031 $1,000 $79.00
T otal.............. 1924
1926
1929
40
32
33
1,036
1,065
1,177
8.1
9.5
9.5
65.6
78.7
79.7
71.1
86.0
86.3
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.8
9.0
9.1
1.187
1.377
1.010
1.094 77.79
1.260 108.33
.932 80.50
8
18
17
8 .8
6 6 .2
8.3
9.7
8.5
10.2
7.9
10.2
6.8
10.3
8.1
9.8
11.3
8.0
7.1
8.9
9.0
9.8
9.4
7.3
8.7
8.5
10.2
9.8
9.8
5.5
9.9
0)
9.1
8.7
9.9
9.9
8.0
8.7
8.0
0)
0)
8.1
8.5
9.8
9.0
69.5
81.8
76.4
81.3
57.4
77.4
50.5
80.3
62.9
77.4
88.5
55.8
49.9
65.4
61.5
64.0
67.4
50.9
64.5
70.9
85.0
82.8
79.9
38.9
73.5
0)
72.2
70.7
81.2
80.6
62.1
69.6
61.5
0)
0)
55.4
61.6
69.5
68.6
74.8
75.7
90.8
84.6
90.1
62.9
86.4
55.6
86.2
67.6
84.1
96.7
59.3
53.5
70.7
65.4
69.6
71.7
55.9
69.3
77.8
91.5
89.6
86.7
44.6
79.6
0)
79.7
76.9
89.6
90.3
67.0
75.6
65.3
(»)
0)
59.4
67.4
75.7
74.9
7.5
8.4
8.4
9.0
8.0
7.3
7.6
7.4
7.8
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.0
7.0
7.3
6.9
6.5
7.2
7.0
7.4
8.3
8.5
8.4
8.1
7.1
7.4
0
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.1
7.7
8.0
7.7
.548
.577
.540
.531
.993
.929
.787
.853
.865
.912
.923
.716
.827
1.087
1.047
,796
.901
.809
.711
.825
.776
.647
.623
.916
1.041
.879
<*)
.767
.777
.768
.657
.541
.436
.500
.485
.529
.486
.480
.896
.847
.705
.775
.806
.849
.850
.656
.779
1.014
.969
.749
.829
.761
.647
.768
.707
.601
.575
.844
.910
.813
0)
.695
.714
.696
.586
.502
.402
.471
0)
6.8
7.2
7.1
7.6
8.6
9.2
9.3
9.9
8.8
8.0
8.4
8.1
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.6
7.4
7.5
7.9
7.3
7.1
7.7
7.7
8.0
9.1
9.1
9.1
8.8
8.2
8.0
0)
8.8
8.8
9.0
9.1
8.3
8.7
8.1
0)
0)
7.3
7.9
7.7
8.3
0)
1.019
.831
794
.669
0)
.950
.760
.730
.612
36.28 ; 4 .U
40.07
4.84
44.12
4.53
40.58
4.76
80.69
7.90
53.31
6.76
60.95
5.95
43.08
6.30
69.45
6.77
57.38
7.12
71.47
7.32
63.40
5.63
46.19
5.75
54.28
7.60
68.50
7.6S
48.95
5.47
57.70
5.90
54.53
5.83
36.16
4.97
53.21
6.12
55.00
6.45
54.99
5.47
51.57
5.26
73.18
7.46
40.54
7.42
6.54
64.67
0)
0)
55.38
6.10
54.91
6.31
6.27
62.39
52.91
5.35
33.60
4.18
30.37
3.49
30.79
3.84
(>)
0)
0)
0)
56.45
6.95
51.18
5.99
55.21
5.65
45.83
5.10
9.2
8.5
9.8
9.4
71.0
65.6
77.0
74.7
77.5
71.2
84.3
82.5
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.9
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.8
.840
.809
783
.673
.769
.745
.715
.609
59.62
53.06
60.31
50.29
$7.81r
9.66
11.36
8.45
MINERS, HAND OR
PICK
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1922
1924
1926
1929
6
11
13
15
11
28
13
14
7
12
8
12
9
11
7
5
14
10
19
3
2
5
1
42
105
110
107
14
7
10
1
1
34
77
59
37
785
1,477
1,537
1,120
564
1,146
1,103
1,150
1,864
3,921
3,155
2,488
542
799
1,146
1,543
1,474
1,749
1,252
223
654
418
731
47
15
89
3
2,898
8,010
8,766
9,123
869
544
559
13
25
972
3,046
2,062
1,697
Total________ 21922
1924
1926
1929
127
291
254
230
8,429
21,424
20,594
19,666
Alabama__________
Colorado...................
Illinois......................
Indiana............... .
Kansas____________
K entucky_________
Ohio..........................
Pennsylvania..........
Tennessee.................
Virginia........... .........
West Virginia..........
8
* Data included in total.
* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
99800°—30----- 3
6.47
6.27
6.1&
5. 3a
30
HOOTS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b l e A . — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earning* of
miners and loaders 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1928, by occupation and State—
Continued
(The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per ton or per m ine car based upon
contents]
Occupation and
State
Average hours
Aver
In half
age
Per start
month
num
based on
Num N um ber of
based on
ber of starts
Year ber of em
mines ployees (days) Tim e
T im e
in
at face Tim e at face Tim e
month includ in includ in
half
ing mine
ing mine
lunch
lunch
Average earnings
Per hour
based on
In
Per
half
Tim e
at face Tim e month start
in
includ
ing
mine
lunch
MINERS, MACHINE
(CUTTERS)
1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois____________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Indiana............... . . . 1922
1924
1926
1929
Kansas...................... 1929
Kentucky.................1 1922
1924
1926
1929
O hio........................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania.......... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee.... ............ 1924
1926
; 1929
Virginia.................... , 1924
' 1926
1 1929
W est V ir g in ia .... I 1922
j 1924
1926
1929
Alabama........ ..........
Total
......... a 1922
1924
1926
1929
6
27
28
15
6
15
13
10
15
35
33
32
8
15
10
22
2
19
75
86
60
25
57
44
41
41
126
128
117
16
10
9
12
20
21
35
107
92
127
Alabama................... 1926
1929
Colorado........ .......... I 1926
i 1929
Kansas_____ ______ 1929
Kentucky____ ____ 1926
1929
Pennsylvania.......... 1926
1929
Tennessee_________ 1926
1929
Virginia—................. 1926
1929
W est Virginia.
1926
1929
Total________ I 1926
j 1929
83.8
81.6
100.5
95.1
79.3
77.5
95.4
52.0
81.5
65.5
82.4
85.8
69.3
51.7
79.7
75.9
42.1
78.7
83.3
89.3
86.9
85.1
77.1
90.7
91.1
84.3
88.3
102.5
98.8
73.1
91.8
57.6
96.7
105.3
104.7
80.1
78.7
96.9
100.1
8.4
9.0
9.0
9.3
7.7
8.2
8.4
8.0
7.6
7.7
7.7
8.0
7.5
7.7
7.8
7.6
8.8
7.6
8.9
8.7
8.8
7.9
8.1
7.9
8.2
8.2
8.4
8.6
8.7
8.3
8.7
8.3
9.4
9.1
8.9
8.1
8.1
8.4
9.0
75.4
72.9
86.0
85.0
81.5
78.6
93.3
92.4
7.9
8.3
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.9
9.0
9.3
1.274
1.163
1.195
1.018
1
170 j 8.1
8.1
101
6 I 10.7
18
7.4
9
4.3
353
8.4
269
8.6
151
10.6
183
10.4
39
6.4
38
4.5
72
8.6
32
10.7
9.3
91
115
10.3
72.0
75.4
89.2
56.6
38.1
74.7
76.0
94.8
93.8
60.8
38.4
83.6
95.5
86.0
97.7
79.4
83.1
99.3
60.6
40.4
79.0
81.8
102.2
102.2
64.2
40.6
87.8
100.5
90.9
104.8
8.8
9.3
8.4
7.7
8.8
8.9
8.9
8.9
9.0
9.4
8.5
9.8
9.0
9.3
9.5
9.7
10.2
9.3
8.2
9.3
9.4
9.6
9.6
9.8
10.0
9.0
10.2
9.4
9.8
10.2
.597
.528
.939
.981
.810
.718
.715
.839
.822
.371
.410
.489
.492
.620
.683
.541
.480
.843
.916
.762
.679
.665
.778
.754
.351
.388
.465
.468
.586
.637
42.96
39.84
83.70
55.54
30.81
53.64
54.35
79.54
77.05
22.55
15.76
40.87
46.98
53.30
66.75
5.28
4.90
7.85
7.52
7.11
6.41
6.35
7.47
7.39
3.50
3.48
4.77
4.41
5.73
6.47
882
765
79.0
81.5
84.5
88.1
9.0
9.0
9.6
9.8
.681
.703
.637
.650
53.77
57.25
6.14
6.34
161 j 2,371 j 9.5 j
485 1 6,499 ! 8.8
6,055 I 10.3 1
464
5,937 | 10.0 j
456
MINERS, MACHINE
(CUTTERS), HELPERS
24
13
3
<
1T
2
53
36
22
29
9
8
16
12
24
29
151
136
* Includes data for Utah and W yom ing.
8.8 $0,611 $0,580 $48.64 $5.13
9.7
.775 63.29
.836
7.56
9.8
.832 63.61
.911
a-17
10.2
.742
.680 64.65
6.92
8.5 1.493 1.344 106.59 11:48
8.8 1.336 1.246 96.56 11.01
9.1 1.071
.997 95.12
9.03
8.5 1.172 1.099 57.17
9.32
8.1 1.500 1.407 114.68 11.46
8.4 1.500 1.376 90.10 11.57
8.5 1.501 1.358 111.89 11.57
8.6 1.139 1.052 90.29
9.10
7.9 1.832 1.748 121.06 13.73
8.0 1.684 1.609 83.15 12188
8.3 1.614 1.514 120.68 12.53
8.1 1.295 1.217 92.40
9.86
9.4
.823
.773 32.56
7.24
8.1 1.166 1.091 85.83
8.88
9.4
.927
.874 72.79
8.25
9.2
.956
.905 80.83
8.34
9.5
.963
.892 77.48
8.43
8.6 1.395 1.282 109.12 10.99
8.7 1.274 1.175 90.62 10.27
8.6 1.202 1.108 100.49
9.55
8.9
.876
.810 73.78
7.21
9.0 1.090
.991 83.55
8.94
9.1 1.142 1.053 92.95
9.61
9.4 1.133 1.041 106.70
9.75
9.6
.978
.887 87.67
8.50
8.9
.549
.514 37.56
4.58
9.3
.518
.482 44.20
4.49
8.8
.651
.619 35.65
5.42
9.8
.657
.626 60.53
6.14
9.7
.821
.775 81.60
7.49
9.4
.787
.746 78.14
7.02
8.6 1.379 1.287 103.06 11.13
8.7 1.134 1.055 83.09
9.20
9.1 1.200 1.108 107.39 10.05
9.8 1.062
9.54
.976 1 97.77
79.6
75.8
91.8
87.1
71.4
72.3
88.8
48.8
76.4
60.0
74.5
79.2
66.1
49.4
74.8
71.4
39.6
73.6
78.5
.84.6
80.5
78.2
71.1
83.6
84.2
76.7
81.4
94.2
89.6
68.5
85.3
54.8
92.2
99.4
99.3
74.7
73.3
89.5
92.1
146
0.5
342
8.4
149
10.2
129
9.3
85
9.3
119
8.8
109
10.5
52
6.1
369
10.0
7.8
1,196
1,326
9.7
1,122
9.9
136
8.8
260
6.5
206
9.6
356
9.4
8
4.5
268
9.7
797
8.8
805
9.7
669
9.2
354
9.9
740
8.8
700
10.5
663
10.2
703
9.3
1,852
9.7
1,800
10.9
1,568
10.3
125
8.2
38
9.8
28
6.6
93
9.9
97
10.9
128
11.1
271
9.3
975 j 9.0
825
10.7
1,214 | 10.2
8.8
9.0
1.180 1 96.14
1.079 84.79
1.101 102.68
.936 | 86.52
10.10
9.65
9.93
8.68
T
B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaderst 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State.
able
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, d ay, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
N um N um of starts
ber
of
Year ber of
(days)
em
mines ployees made, in
half
month
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
INSIDE MINS
Brakemen:
Alabama____ ___________
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1829
1* 22
1824
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1&29
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1^29
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
8
24
23
17
6
16
14
12
20
43
39
37
10
19
14
26
9
5
5
19
75
84
63
22
48
45
38
44
147
147
128
20
12
.13
12
21
22
45
134
114
144
139
220
200
256
29
79
58
37
216
764
669
568
88
135
108
192
26
16
12
143
539
791
749
65
161
188
188
319
979
981
930
85
71
70
82
193
246
306
1,189
1,093
1,606
7.8
8.6
9.4
8.8
10.9
8.8
11.8
9.1
10.4
8.1
10.0
10.6
9.6
6.6
10.4
9.9
10.7
10.4
7.6
9.2
8.9
8.9
9.2
8.9
8.8
10.0
9.7
*9.5
9.9
10.5
10.2
9.1
8.8
7.6
8.4
9.7
9.9
9.3
9.0
10.1
8.9
61.8
78.1
75.3
80.6
87.6
70.9
96.1
75.8
85.8
66.6
84.1
86.8
76.9
55.7
83.8
78.9
85.2
83.6
61.7
75.0
75.5
73.5
79.5
71.3
71.1
81.1
81.1
81.0
84.1
92.3
89.6
72.5
70.1
60.4
71.3
83.8
85.6
76.0
75.7
85.9
75.4
8.0
9.0
8.0
9.1
8.0
8.0
8.1
8.4
8.3
8.2
8.4
8.2
8.0
8.0
8.1
8.0
7.9
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.5
8.3
8.6
8.0
8.1
8.1
8.4
*8.4
8.5
8.8
8.8
7.9
8.0
8.0
8.5
8.7
8.6
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.5
$22.89
29.99
32.55
31.83
83.32
64.70
64.38
59.16
80.04
62.14
78.92
65.93
72.24
49.72
78.04
60.56
73.65
78.49
38.54
49.04
43.01
40.70
41.92
66.79
64.77
73.91
49.97
65.24
69.24
70.64
60.20
30.58
26.71
22.80
31.27
38.19
38.63
54.71
44.10
49.65
41.55
$2.95
3.47
3.45
3.60
7.65
7.33
5.44
6.53
7.76
7.70
7.93
6.24
7.52
7.51
7.51
6.11
6.86
7.57
5.08
5.34
4.85
4.59
4.54
7.51
7.35
7.38
5.16
16.84
6.99
6.72
5.89
3.35
3.05
3.01
3.73
3.95
3.90
5.91
4.88
4.93
4.66
$0,370
.384
.432
.395
.952
.912
.670
.781
.937
.935
.939
.759
.939
.944
.931
.767
.865
.939
.625
.654
.570
.554
.527
.936
.911
.912
.616
.806
.823
.765
.672
.422
.381
.378
.439
.456
.451
.720
.583
.578
.551
Total_____ ____ _______ 21922
1924
1926
1929
181
547
518
505
1,333
4,259
4,368
4,854
*9.4
8.9
9.9
9.5
77.3
75.0
83.8
81.0
*8.2
8.4
8.5
8.5
60.18
53.25
57.61
48.31
* 6.41
5.96
5.82
5.08
.779
.710
.687
.596
Bratticemen and timbermen:
Alabama.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
C o lo r a d o .....___________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois.................................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Indiana............................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
9
24
32
19
7
17
15
15
21
43
37
35
11
18
16
26
19
89
148
106
33
100
84
79
197
542
520
493
53
80
90
136
9.9
9.2
10.2
9.9
11.6
9.8
13.0
10.0
10.9
9.1
10.7
11.1
9.3
8.2
11.5
11.1
80.5
79.8
88.9
92.1
92.7
79.2
108.8
80.7
87.7
73.0
86.7
88.9
71.4
65.3
93.9
88.6
8.1
8.7
8.7
9.3
8.0
8.1
8.3
8.1
8.0
8.0
8.1
8.0
7.7
7.9
8.1
34.16
34.74
39.99
39.01
91.09
73.98
76.68
60.79
82.23
68.44
81.36
67.95
67.31
61.19
85.84
68.18
3.43
3.78
3.93
3.95
7.87
7.53
5.88
6.67
7.54
7.50
7.60
6.13
7.25
7.45
7.45
6.14
.424
.436
.450
.424
.983
.934
.705
.827
.938
.937
.938
.765
.942
.937
.915
.769
C olorado..............................
Illinois. - - . . . _____ ______
Indiana................................
K a n s a s ............................
K e n t u c k y ........................
Ohio......................................
Pennsylvania....... ..............
Tennessee............................
Virginia-------------------------West Virginia____ ______
8.0
* N ot induding data for 8 em ployee s whose starts w ere not rep>orted.
>Includes data for Utah, Washingt on, and Wyomi;ug.
31
32
HOURS AND EABNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— Continued
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
N um N um of starts
of
Year ber of ber
(days)
em
mines ployees made in
half
month
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
Per j
Per
start
hour
(day)
inside mine —continued
Bratticemen and timbermen—
Continued.
Kansas_____ ____________ 1924
1926
1929
K e n tu c k y ......................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
O hio..................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania..................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee............................ 1924
1926
1929
Virginia............................... 1924
1926
1929
West Virginia..................... 1922
%
1929
6
11
6
17
63
77
56
24
44
44
35
40
131
129
114
18
9
12
10
16
20
41
110
98
118
14
42
14
58
245
393
395
139
237
267
234
268
703
719
700
36
29
29
21
66
124
155
454
442
591
U .9
11.2
10.2
9.8
9.5
10.2
9.8
10.3
9.8
10.3
11.2
•10.6
10.7
10.9
10.9
9.0
10.7
8.8
9.3
10.0
11.0
9.8
9.6
11.1
10.2
99.1
91.2
82.8
79.9
81.3
84.9
82.6
82.1
80.3
78.0
93.3
91.3
89.7
92.1
92.9
75.3
87.8
71.4
79.1
83.2
91.4
80.5
81.1
94.2
84.6
8.3
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.5
8.4
8.4
8.0
8.2
7.6
8.4
*8.4
8.4
8.5
8.5
8.3
8.2
8.1
8.5
8.3
8.3
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.3
$93.13
85.75
52.31
55.33
50.36
50.95
46.96
76.87
74.89
76.66
58.34
64.05
71.69
68.73
64.66
34.42
37.87
31.00
38.61
41.88
45.73
61.12
49.76
57.90
49.03
$7.81
7.65
5.12
5.65
5.30
5.02
4.80
7.50
7.63
7.47
5.23
>6.13
6.69
6.33
5.91
3.81
3.54
3.54
4.16
4.20
4.15
6.25
5.16
5.20
4.79
$0,940
.941
.632
.693
.619
.600
.569
,937
.932
.983
.625
.701
799
.746
.696
.457
.431
.434
.488
: . 503
.500
1
759
| .613
i .614
: .579
Total................................. *1922
1924
1926
1929
181
484
484
456
986
2,521
2,800
2,901
*10.4
9.8
10.8
10.6
85.7
81.1
89.2
88.3
*8.1
8.3
8.3
8.3
70.26
63.04
66.20
57.19
» 6 .81
6.44
6.16
5.39
.820
.778
.742
.648
Cagers:
Alabama.............................. 1922
Colorado.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois.................................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Indiana................................ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Kansas................................. 1924
1926
1929
K entucky............................ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Ohio...................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania____________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee................... ........ 1929
Virginia............................... 1926
1929
1
5
9
9
8
22
46
39
37
12
22
17
29
9
11
8
2
12
16
11
10
26
22
22
21
56
57
52
1
1
2
6
13
20
22
13
62
109
103
95
22
47
32
64
20
17
14
4
42
45
25
27
45
46
42
35
96
115
86
2
4
(4)
(4)
11.8
91.4
9.4 • 75.1
95.5
11.0
9.5
82.0
94.7
10.6
85.4
9.7
11.6
106.1
12.7
110.9
10.5
88.9
8.4
69.4
10.2
90.3
86.3
10.5
11.1
104.9
10.9
99.7
10.5
95.9
8.5
72.9
8.3
69.0
10.4
89.6
7.2
63.5
8.8
71.9
9.7
80.9
10.1
85.2
88.0
10.3
92.4
*10.3
93.9
10.6
11.2
103.3
102.1
11.0
(4)
V)
(4)
(4)
124.8
11.6
(4)
7.7
8.0
8.6
8.6
8.9
8.8
9.2
8.7
8.4
8.2
7.9
8.2
9.5
9.2
9.1
8.6
8.3
8.6
8.8
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.6
*8.9
8.8
9.3
9.3
(4)
(4)
10.9
(4)
90.97
72.28
72.42
68.81
88.71
80.22
99.85
83.56
82.81
65.03
83.06
65.31
98.36
93.11
59.95
61.14
41.16
45.29
31.63
67.11
74.23
78.41
55.52
70.29
77.91
82.04
70.52
(<)
(4)
59.79
(4)
7.68
7.69
6.56
7.21
8.35
8.30
8.64
6.56
7.85
7.70
8.13
6.22
8.90
8.56
5.71
7.19
4.94
4.36
4.39
7.61
7.68
7.77
5.40
*6.82
7.32
7.35
6.40
(4)
(4)
5.20
(4)
.995
.962
.759
.839
.937
.940
.941
.754
.931
.937
.920
.756
.937
.934
.625
.839
.597
.506
.498
.933
.917
.920
.631
.761
.829
794
.690
(4)
(4)
.479
6
* Includes data for Utah, Wa shingt<on, and Wyomiing.
8 N ot including data for 79 ernployeies who*se starts were not r<sported.
« Data included in total.
1 N ot including data for 2 employees whose starts were not reported.
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
33
B . — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— C o n t i n u e d .
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
Num Num
starts
of of(days)
Year ber of ber
em
mines ployees niadei n
half
month
Average hours
worked
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
8.4
9.1
8.7
8.8
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
in sid e m in e— continued
Cagers—Continued.
West Virginia_____ _____
1922
1924
1926
1929
Total................................ 61822
1924
1926
1929
Drivers:
Alabama..............................
1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois................................. 1922
1924
1926
| 1929
Indiana..... .......................... ! 1922
1924
1926
1929
Kansas................................. 1924
1926
1929
K entucky............................ 1922
1924
h>z6
1929
Ohio...................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania...................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee...... ..................... 1924
1926
1929
Virginia............................... 1924
1926
1929
West Virginia..................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Total............... ................. * 1922
1924
1926
1929
Laborers:
Alabama.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
8
18
16
22
12
31
30
45
9.7
8.5
13.1
10.7
83
198
188
192
185
410
414
392
5 10.3
9.6
11.1
10.9
80.9
76.8
113.5
94.4
89.4
83.2
99.5
96.1
7
34
29
17
8
17
17
15
19
35
26
22
9
20
12
18
8
10
5
8
40
35
29
20
47
35
31
23
78
79
69
13
6
6
5
8
5
22
80
63
65
9.1
7.5
8.8
8.6
10.5
8.7
11.3
6.6
10.4
8.8
10.2
11.1
8.3
7.0
9.7
9.7
11.1
11.9
9.3
9.6
8.5
10.0
8.2
9.6
8.8
9.7
9.7
79.5
9.7
10.7
10.1
8.2
9.1
9.0
9.8
10.8
9.5
9.1
8.9
9.9
8.9
75.7
63.1
76.0
75.4
83.0
69.8
91.7
52.8
86.7
74.1
88.4
91.8
65.2
55.1
77.7
75.9
89.0
94.0
73.6
80.1
70.0
84.2
67.8
75.6
70.5
77.7
78.1
82.5
80.5
89.5
84.8
64.1
73.8
72.9
77.3
86.7
75.3
73.4
71.8
80.6
72.4
125
377
320
282
125
486
413
244
131
259
255
213
403
599
493
426
139
214
175
271
112
104
60
174
469
492
331
281
467
439
401
472
1,115
1,273
1,108
127
65
45
34
58
36
257
721
763
676
2,080
4,603
4,530
3,811
79.5
8.8
10.2
9.5
9
35
33
18
7
7
8
7
354
736
965
703
57
69
61
39
9.7
8.5
8.5
8.9
12.1
8.9
12.5
8.9
$6.78
5.95
5.25
4.86
#7.53
7.46
7.29
6.03
$0,810
.657
.605
.549
.871
.860
.811
.685
29.15
22.09
27.11
25.85
79.37
65.59
64.70
43.28
83.17
69.53
82.79
70.00
61.40
51.99
70.90
58.29
83.66
88.63
46.70
57.48
44.56
47.02
35.39
70.86
65.77
72.72
48.47
58.10
62.72
67.96
57.89
26.50
29.18
31.57
35.76
36.03
30.69
58.83
45.66
46.15
39.85
3.22
2.94
3.07
2.99
7.59
7.52
5.72
6.53
8.00
7.90
8.13
6.32
7.37
7.40
7.32
6.00
7.56
7.48
5.04
5.99
5.23
4.71
4.33
7.40
7.49
7.51
5.02
7 6.04
6.45
6.33
5.71
3.25
3. 21
3.51
3.64
3.32
3.24
6.49
5.14
4.66
4.45
78.7
72.3
84.4
77.8
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.7
7.9
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.3
8.4
8.7
8.3
7.8
7.8
8.0
7.8
8.0
7.9
7.9
8.3
8.2
8.4
8.3
7.9
8.0
8.0
8.1
7 8.3
8.3
8.3
8.4
7.9
8.1
8.1
7.9
8.0
7.9
8.1
8.1
8.1
8.1
7 8.2
8.2
8.3
8.2
64.84
54.08
59.80
49.52
7 6.82
6.12
5.88
5.24
.385
.350
.356
.343
.956
.939
.706
.820
.960
.938
.936
.763
.942
.944
.912
.768
.940
.943
.634
.718
.637
.558
.522
.938
.932
.936
.621
.704
.779
.760
.683
.414
.396
.433
.463
.416
.408
.801
.636
.573
.550
.824
.748
.708
.637
78.5
75.0
74.3
79.6
96.3
71.1
100.5
71.3
8.1
8.8
8.7
8.9
8.0
8.0
8.1
8.0
28.49
28.73
29.55
30.40
90.98
65.46
66.73
65.76
2.94
3.38
3.46
3.40
7.53
7.36
5.36
6.27
.363
.383
.398
.382
.945
.921
.664
.782
8Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
•N ot including data for two employees whose starts were not reported.
•Includes data for Washington and W yom ing.
7N ot including data for 89 employees whose starts were not reported.
5 8.6
8.7
9.0
8.8
$65.54
50.48
68.63
51.84
77.82
71. 53
80.73
65.79
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
34
B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— C o n t i n u e d
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place o f work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
N um Num of starts
ber
of
Year ber of
(days)
em
mines
m
ployees made
half
month
Average hours
worked
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
10.4
8.6
9.9
10.3
9.7
7.5
9.2
9.8
10.7
8.9
9.7
9 .4
8.4
8.3
8.5
8.6
8.9
8.2
9.8
*10.3
9.8
10.7
10.1
7.8
7.6
&5
7.6
&4
9.5
9.4
8.8
9.8
7.9
85.1
69.0
79.7
82.5
78.7
60.5
73.7
79.4
85.4
71.4
77.4
66.4
71.5
70.5
70.8
68.3
73.3
63.2
79.3
87.5
81.5
89.1
85.1
62.8
59.5
52.6
61.5
70.4
78.5
76.8
73.5
83.1
65.2
8.2
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.0
7.1
8.5
8.5
8.3
8.0
8.3
7.7
8.1
* 8 .2
8.3
8.4
8.4
8.1
7.9
8.1
8.1
8.4
8.3
8.1
8.4
8.5
8.3
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
inside mine —continued
Laborers—Continued.
Illinois............................ .
j
$77.33
$7.45 $0,909
63.08
7.32 i .915
72.64
7.36 j
.911
61.79
5.99
.749
73.72
7.59 I .937
56.89
7.59
.940
7.47
68.76
.934
60.80
6.22
.766
80.37
7.53
.941
61.22
.857
6.91
48.41
5.01
.626
48.59 '
5.18
.731
38.02
4.54
.532
4.32
35.77
.507
32.73
3.86
.462
62.81
7.33
.919
63.48
7.17 ,
.866
54.27
6.58 !
.859
48.01
4.88
.605
56.18 , 8 5.63
.642
60.58
6.16
744
60.18
5.65
.676
51.56
5.08
.606
24.90
3.20
.396
.372
22.15
2.93
18.91
2.93
.360
23.84
3.12
.388
29.97
3.58
426
32.98
3.49
.420
47.91
5.08
.624
4.54
39.89
.543
44.51
4.54
536
32.74
4.15 j
.502
1922
1924
1926
1929
Indiana_____________. . . . . 1922
1924
1926
1929
Kansas_____________ . . . . . 1924
1926
1929
1922
Kentucky................... .
1924
1926
1929
Ohio_____________________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania....... .............. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee______ ________ 1924
1926
1929
Virginia_______ _________ 1924
1926
1929
West Virginia____________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
20
39
39
35
11
18
15
17
7
7
6
20
69
80
60
21
36
33
33
42
131
144
114
18
11
13
12
18
20
40
130
112
133
444
1,097
1,122
751
145
167
151
158
21
21
27
326
1,017
1,661
1,229
152
213
505
302
923
2,012
2,081
1,862
126
111
122
98
345
427
461
1,672
1,800
2,222
Total___________ . . . ___ 2 1922
181
502
500
456
2,967
7,228
8,823
7,842 |
•9.9
8.9
9.4
9.0
80.8
74.2
78.7
75.2
•8.0
&3
8.4
8.3
56.30
48.74
48.82
40.90
7
21
22
16
110
158
177
219
9.7
10.1
10.9
9.4
77.6
91.9
98.3
83.6
8.0
9.1
9.0
8.9
33.31
43.00
44.57
39.27
6
11
11
8
19
43
39
37
10
20
16 !
28
7
7
5
20
76
85
63
25
57
45
41
17
57
41
33
169
532
557
555
72
108
135
217
18
20
14
177
486
697
724
90
221 j
229 •
200 1
10.2
8.9
12.4
9.6
10.5
8.7
10.5
11.4
10.8
6.5
11.1
10.7
10.9
10.5
8.9
9.7
9.9
10.4
81.9
73.6
103.0
78.6
89.5
73.4
8.0
8.3
8.3
8.2
8.5
8.4
8.6
8.5
8.0
7.9
&1
8,1
8.1
8.1 i
8.1
8.4
8.7
8.8
8.8
8.3
8.2
8.2
8.4
79.73
71.61 1
73.65
66.76 I
90.20
74.38
91.76
82.69
87.67
52.00 !
91.58 !
72.33
88.32
84.25
49.46
1924
1926
1929
M otormen:
Alabama.......... .......... ........ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado.............. ............... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois.................................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Indiana....................... . . . . . 1922
1924
1926
1929
Kansas........................ . . . . . 1924
1926
1929
K entucky.................
1922
1924
1926
1929
Ohio...................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929 i
10.2
10.1
9.6
10.7
10.2
90.6
96.4
86.7
51.2
90.3
87.1
88.4
84.2
72.1
81.2
86.1
91.0
90.5
84.2
79.4
87.8
85.8
’ Includes data for Utah, Washington, and W yoming.
1N ot including data for 237 employees whose starts were not reported.
56.04
53.46
55.02
52.37
79.11
73.19
79.93
54 00
*5.73
5.47
5.18
4.53
1
3.42
4.27
4.09
4.17 i
.697
.657
.620
.544
.429
.468
.453
.470
7.79
.973
.974
8.05
.715
5.96
6.93
.849
8.59 , 1.008
8.54
1.013
8.70 . 1.012
7.26
.857
8.09
1.012
8.03
L016
8.24
1.014
6.73
.830
8.07
.999
8.06
1.001
5.54
.686
5.77 i .690
o. 39 , .621
.604
5.29
5.12 1 ,579
7.80
.940
7.59
.922
7.49
,811
5.28
.629
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
35
B . — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— C o n t i n u e d
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
um number
N um N
of starts
ber
of
Year ber of
(days)
em
mines ployees made in
half
month
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
86.3
•8.4
8.6
8.9
8.9
8.0
8.5
8.5
8.6
8.9
8.7
8.5
8.6
8.8
8.7
$71.48
75.70
75.88
65.79
37.82
41.02
32.70
45.65
50.27
48.93
64.68
53.83
59.21
50.27
*$7.03
7.38
6.85
$0,929
.854
6.21
.697
.494
.454
.459
•8.4
8.6
8.7
68.62
62.89
67.97
58.21
•6.82
6.46
6.27
5.64
.815
.752
.718
.649
Per
hour
inside m in e — continued
M otorm en—Continued.
Pennsylvania.............. ....... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee.......................... . 1924
1926
1929
Virginia............................ . . 1924
1926
1929
West Virginia..................... 1922
1824
1926
1929
Totai................................. U922
1924
42
148
143
128
19
13
13
12
21
22
46
134
118
143
183
314
965
1,028
1,083
79
71
63
77
173
• 10.0
220
11.2
307
1,050
9.8
1, 111
1,532
10.3
88.6
11.1
10.6
99.0
94.4
76.6
90.4
71.3
89.8
9.6
10.6
8.4
10.4
10.9
10.0
10.9
9.8
100.1
97.5
82.8
86.4
95.6
85.1
1,296 i
3,751
• io. i
9.7
4,239
4,860 1
10.3
84.2
83.6
94.7
89.6
3.95
3.86
3.90
4.37
4.47
4.37
6.62
5.38
5.42
5.11
.766
.*08
.502
.502
.781
.623
.619
.590
1929
548
520
504
Pumpmen:
Alabama.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado...... .............. . . . . . 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois................... .............. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Indiana. ............................ 1922
1924
1926
1929
KentinJi v ...................... .
1922
1924
1926
1929
Ohio...................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania..............
1922
1924
.1926
1929
Tennessee............................ 1924
1926
1929
Virginia....................... .
1924
1926
1929
West Virginia.................
1922
1924
1926
1929
9
32
32
20
7
15
11
9
13
17
18
13
9
17
12
19
15
47
65
56
21
41
34
35
41
127
127
109
10
8
10
6
11
11
32
90
84
108
62
105
127
115
10
27
27
17
23
40
45
31
28
33
31
44
39
89
154
180
43
87
69
75
152
352
341
303
16
19
24
26
30
32
79
240
238
327
10.9
10.2
11.0
11.8
14.4
12.3
14.2
14.2
13.0
13.1
13.2
12.8
12.7
12.2
13.5
12.7
12.6
11.6
11.9
12.2
14.0
12.3
14.1
13.0
13.9
12.2
13.8
13.3
9.8
9.6
9.3
10.6
8.0
12.6
11.9
11.4
12.5
11.6
92.5
100.1
111.0
120.5
114.6
103.9
115.8
115.1
109.0
108.8
115.3
106.7
107.8
99.2
115.1
108.3
110.9
102.7
116.2
114.9
115.7
101.0
116.4
113.3
117.1
105.5
124.6
118.4
91.6
86.4
77.7
98.0
73.4
121.6
105.3
103.7
124.6
108.9
8.5
9.9
10.1
10.2
8.0
8.4
8.2
8.1
8.4
8.3
8.8
8.3
8.5
8.1
8.6
8.5
8.8
8.9
9.8
9.4
8.3
8.2
8.2
8.7
8.4
8.7
9.0
8.9
9.4
9.0
8.4
9.3
9.1
9.7
8.8
9.1
9.9
9.4
32.70
36.67
40.19
45.40
111. 66
96.54
82.28
92.45
101.46
100.91
105.80
80.49
102. 07
93.65
106.85
82.75
73.59
54.36
60.56
55.91
106.27
92.04
105.17
68.80
86.70
83.82
89.26
74.67
39.86
34.66
33.19
34.15
29.60
47.64
73.92
59.73
67.55
56.87
3.01
3.61
3.66
3.84
7.75
7.83
5.80
6.49
7.80
7.73
8.04
6.27
8.05
7.69
7.94
6.52
5.86
4.70
5.09
4.60
7.62
7.50
7.45
5.29
6.23
6.88
6.45
5.63
4.09
3.60
3.59
3.23
3.68
3.79
6.21
5.25
5.39
4.90
.353
,366
.362
,377
.974
.930
711
803
931
928
.918
.754
.947
,944
.929
764
.663
529
.521
.487
.919
,911
.904
,607
.740
.795
717
.631
.435
.401
.427
.348
.403
.392
702
.576
.542
.522
Total................................. 21922
1924
1926
1929
157
402
402
390
452
1,015
1,081
1,148
13.0
11.7
12.7
12.3
110.2
103.4
118.3
113.5
8.5
8.8
9.3
9.2
80.90
70.38
74.04
62.45
6.24
6.02
5.84
5.06
.734
.681
.626
.550
1926
10.8
* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and W yoming.
•Not including data for 6 employees whose starts were not reported.
8.7
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
36
B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— C o n t i n u e d .
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employess who are usually paid rates per day, hour, or week]
!
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
N um N um of starts
ber of
Year ber of
(days)
em
mines
ployees made in
half
month
Average hours
worked
In half
month
Average earnings
Per
start
(day)
In half 1 Per
month | start
! (day)
Per
hour
inside m in e — continued
Trackmen:
Alabama..... ........................ 1922
Colorado..............................
Illinois.......... .......................
Indiana..... ...........................
Kansas........ .........................
Kentucky............................
Ohio......................................
Pennsylvania......................
Tennessee.......... .................
Virginia...............................
West V ir g in ia ..................
10
37
36
22
8
17
17
15
22
46
39
37
11
22
17
28
9
10
8
19
77
86
64
25
54
45
41
44
151
151
136
20
14
15
12
22
22
47
142
117
144
58
131
141
115
38
90
101
58
301
670
674
691
108
153
125
252
30
31
19
159
579
736
693
111
213
228
204
287
895
996
898
63
42
61
83
161
227
274
1,119
1,011
1,435
1924
1926
198
587
554
1,393
4,026
4,246
1929
532
4,653
1922
5
18
12
11
4
9
9
4
16
25
21
20
9
16
8
15
1
29
60
39
32
12
31
21
12
72
132
109
88
8.3
7.5
9.5
7.6
11.2
8.1
11.1
5.6
8.6
7.4
9.2
10.4
6.6
6.0
10.2
8.2
(<)
66.9
64.4
77.3
65.0
89.3
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
If 22
1824
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1923
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1 1924
' 1926
1929
Total................................. 2 1922
Trappers (boys):
Alabama..............................
1924
1926
1929
Colorado.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois.................................. 1922
1924
Indiana..... ..........................
Kansas.................................
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1929
41
65
35
38
1
10.4
9.6
10.5
10.0
12.2
10.6
13.0
10.4
10.8
9.0
10.7
10.9
10.3
7.1
11.1
10.4
11.6
11.8
11.1
10.5
9.6
10.5
9.7
10.7
10.3
10.1
11.1
i*11.0
10.6
11.4
10.9
9.0
10.5
8.4
9.8
10.5
10.8
10.0
9.7
10.7
9.9
$3.80
4.05
4.03
4.21
7.76
7.70
5.97
6.78
7.62
7.49
7.60
'
6.10
i
7.58
7.53
j
7.69
!
6.09
7.38
7.53
5.05
5.94
5.22
4.84
.
4.87
7. 57
7. 57
7.48
5.16
i« 6.29
6.77
6.35
5.77
3.86
3. 54
3.50
4.03
4.15
4.03
6.38
i
5.23
5.12
1 4.82
$0,468
.462
.450
| .465
1 .972
.958
.716
.828
.938
,
.940
.937
.764
.939
| .938
| .931
765
1!
.938
.937
.626
I'
, 710
.612
;[
574
.571
!1 .935
|
1 .931
.916
.624
.749
.807
.744
.681
. 473
!
. 439
.446
.500
I
.489
!
.487
780
.
.616
!
.609
.584
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.3
72. 05
59.83
64.15
i° 6.77
6.14
.826
.737
5.92
5.26
.705
.635
8.1
15.44
8.6
8.2
8.6
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
7.3
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.7
(4)
14.05
19.70
1.87
1.86
2.08
3.49
3.98
.231
,218
.255
.225
567
.504
.404
493
m
554
513
440
.503
3.93
4.10
.497
.518
3.39
.440
(*)
8.1
8.8
9.0
9.1
8.0
8.0
8.3
8.2
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.3
8.0
7.9
8.0
8.1
8.4
8.5
8.4
8.5
8.1
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.5
8.2
8.1
7.8
8.1
8.5
8.3
8.2
8.5
8.4
8.3
10. 7
9.7
87.3
81.2
10.8
10.4
91.0
85.8
64.8
89.1
44.7
68.3
54.2
72.7
82.5
52.4
47.6
80.8
63.1
(<)
* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
* Data included in total.
i* Not including data for 30 employees whose starts were not reported.
$39.55
38.84
42.15
41.99
94.51
81.66
77.90
70.47
82.36
67.47
81.36
66.66
77.89
53.58
85.12
63.49
85.38
88.85
55.76
62.30
50.11
50.76
47.34
81.20
78.26
75.19
57.33
68.34
71.95
72.14
62.92
34.79
37.01
29.34
39.44
43.67
43. 35
63.31
50.89
54.81
47.94
84.5
84.1
93.7
90.4
97.2
85.2
108.7
85.1
87.8
71.8
86.8
8 7 .2 !
82.9 !
57.1 it
91.4
83.0
91.1
94.8
89.1
87.7
81.8
88.4
82.9
86.8
84.1
82.1
91.8
91.2
89.1
97.0
92.4
73.6
84.4
65.8
78.9
89.2
89.0
81.2
82.7
90.0
82.1
;
!
!
!I
1
I
l
>
54.47
|
,
14.64 ,
50. 65
32.66 i
35.98
22.02 '
34.45
30.04
37.29
!
1
i
I
36.32
26.34
23.65
41.83 ,
27.76 1
I
0)
1.94
4.54
4.03
3.24
3.94
4.02
4.04
4.04
(*)
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
37
B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924 , 1926 , and 1929 , by place of
work, occupation, and
— Continued
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
N um N um
of
Year ber of ber
em
mines ployees
Average
number
of starts
(days)
made in
half
month
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
„
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
1
Per i Per
start
hour
(day)
inside m in e — continued
Trappers (boys)—Continued.
Kentucky............................
1922
1924
1926
1929
Ohio..................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania____________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee................... ......... 1924
1926
1929
Virginia...... ......................... 1924
1926
1929
1922
West Virginia.................
1924
1926
1929
6
34
34
25
22
36
26
27
12
37
22
20
15
6
5
8
12
12
29
75
57
60
15
126
107
72
84
125
77
114
36
77
51
34
49
25
33
30
50
33
104
230
179
176
10.5
8.4
10.1
9.0
9.2
8.3
10.0
9.4
10.5
10.2
10.3
9.7
7.4
8.9
8.4
9.0
9.9
10.1
9.7
9.2
10.2
9.8
79.6
67.6
81.1
73.0
72.1
64.7
77.7
75.2
85.5
84.3
86.3
81.2
58.4
71.5
66.6
72.4
81.1
80.4
76.8
75.7
81.9
80.0
7.6
8.0
8.0
8.1
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.0
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.3
7.9
8.1
7.9
8.0
8.2
7.9
7.9
8.2
8.1
8.2
$37.75
20.29
22.88
20.62
36.96
32.58
34.26
28.14
34.44
42.95
37.19
32.13
14.92
19.51
18.82
18.43
20.45
22.90
37.24
28.76
29.96
27.18
$3.58
2.40
2.27
2.30
4.02
3.94
3.42
2.99
3.29
4.22
3.61
3.30
2.02
2.20
2.24
2.04
2.07
2.26
3.84
3.11
2.95
2.78
$0,474
.300
.282
.283
.512
.504
.441
.374
.403
.509
.431
.395
.255
.273
.283
.254
.252
.285
.485
.380
.366
.340
Total................................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
103
273
207
200
393
925
693
633
9.1
8.3
9.9
9.4
72.3
66.7
79.7
75.6
7.9
8.0
8.0
8.1
34.09
27.24
30.17
26.79
3.75
3.27
3.04
2.86
.472
.408
.379
.354
1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado............................ . 1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
Illinois............................ .
1924
1926
1929
Indiana................................ 1922
1924
1920
1929
Kansas................................. 1924
1926
1929
Kentucky................. .......... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Ohio...................................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
Pennsylvania................ .
1922
1924
1926
1929
Tennessee.........................~ 1924
1926
1929
1924
Virginia, - ......................
1926
1929
8
33
35
22
8
17
16
15
22
46
39
37
12
22
17
29
9
11
8
20
76
85
64
21
47
39
39
44
137
143
135
18
11
10
11
20
20
144
414
440
410
54
74
115
120
376
689
820
1,041
105
129
185
267
60
57
49
283
701
967
874
169
254
305
220
791
1,593
1,835
1,882
97
82
53
55
170
239
10.7
9.6
11.0
9.9
12.3
10.7
13.1
9.1
11.5
10.4
11.5
11.1
10.8
9.3
11.9
11.0
10.8
11.2
9.5
10.1
10.1
10.5
10.2
9.6
10.7
10.9
11.9
1 11.1
11.2
11.7
11.2
9.9
9.9
7.8
9.2
10.9
11.2
87.8
84.9
98.1
89.9
98.6
87.0
110.5
75.3
94.7
85.8
97.6
90.0
86.5
74.7
100.7
88.9
88.9
96.3
77.8
87.1
88.5
93.0
89.8
77.1
87.8
90.8
98.3
95.3
94.6
100.9
96.8
81.5
81.5
62.3
76.6
97.6
97.6
8.2
8.8
8.9
9.0
8.0
8.1
8.4
8.3
8.2
8.3
8.5
8 .1 ’
8.0
8.0
8.5
8.1
8.3
8.6
8.2
8.6
8.8
8.9
8.8
8.0
8.2
8.3
8.3
» 8.4
8.5
8.6
8.6
8.2
8.3
8.0
8.3
9.0
8.8
38.81
46.75
53.27
44.57
95.22
84.06
81.57
67.45
95.93
85.93
97.52
81.46
88.42
78.58
104.09
77.73
103.08
114.93
58.80
61.86
65.39
62.44
57.67
71.00
78.62
80.00
66.88
72.36
82.00
80.46
71.04
48.94
43.02
30.52
50.53
54.98
56.94
3.61
4.86
4.84
4.46
7.77
7.84
6.22
7.44
8.33
8.27
8.49
7.33
8.21
8.45
8.75
7.10
9.57
10.25
6.17
6.14
6.50
5.97
5.64
7.39
7.36
7.33
5.63
» 6.64
7.35
6.86
6.35
4.93
4.37
3.92
5.48
5.04
5.12
.442
.551
.543
.486
.966
.966
,738
.895
1.013
1.002
.999
.905
1.022
1.052
1.033
.874
1.159
1.193
.756
.710
.739
.671
.642
.921
.895
.881
.680
.759
.867
.797
.734
.601
.528
.490
.660
.563
.684
Other employees:
A la b a m a ............... ............
u N ot including data for 137 emplo;pees wh ose start:5 were not reported.
38
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b l e B .— Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924, 1926, and 1919, by place of
work, occupation, and State— C o n t i n u e d
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
Num number
N um
starts
of of(days)
Year ber of ber
em
mines ployees made in
half
month
inside m in e — continued
Other employees—Continued.
West Virginia..................... 1922
1924
1926
1929
41
122
106
139
Total................................. *1922
1924
1926
1929
188
538
522
518
219
720
769
1,659
2,294
4,786
5,745
6,814
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
10.6
10.5
11.5
10.4
88.3
92.6
100.4
91.2
8.4
8.8
8.7
8.7
$72.18
63.70
68.26
62.34
$6.83
6.08
5.95
5.97
$0,818
.688
.680
.684
u 10.9
10.5
11.3
10.7
91.4
89.7
98.0
92.1
11 8.3
8.5
8.7
8.6
75.49
73.32
75.96
66.38
11 6.97
6.97
6.71
6.18
.826
.817
.775
.721
Per
hour
OUTSIDE MINS
Blacksmiths;
Alabama.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Colorado.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929
Illinois__ —_____________ 19?2
1924
1926
1929
Indiana................................ 1922
vm
11.28
1 im
Kansas................................. 1924
1926
1929
K entucky___ ___________ 1922
1924
1926
1929
Ohio................ ..................... 1922
l'J24
1926
1929
Pennsylvania...................... • 1922
j 1924
1926
1929
Tennessee............................ 1924
1°>26
1929
Virginia................................ 1924
j 1920
vm
West Virginia.....................
1922
1924
1926
1929
Total.................... ........... 21922
1924
1926
1929
Carpenters and car-repair
men:
Alabama.......... .................. 1922
1924
1926 1
1929 1
Colorado.............................. 1922
1924
1926
1929 1
10
36
35
22
8
17
17
15
22
45
39
37
12
22
17
29
9
11
8
18
75
83
63
25
56
44
40
41
151
147
128
20
14
14
12
22
21
43
138
111
139
191
581
540
516
8
32
30
20
3
12
13
9
18
49
45
39
14
20
21
20
56
119
109
87
18
41
32
41
11
12
9
29
113
123
90
43
88
76
58
84
285
267
223
24
20
17
14
30
28
61
205
174
199
339
969
909
811
11.7
9.7
12.1
10.7
12.5
11.3
13.4
10.9
13.1
10.5
12.9
12.9
12.6
8.4
11.6
11.3
11.7
12.9
12.6
11.2
10.9
12.1
10.9
12.0
10.2
10.2
11.3
12 11.0
11.2
11.7
11.4
10.7
9.8
9.4
10.9
11.9
12.6
10.6
10.9
12.1
10.8
95.1
86.0
107.9
95.3
114.8
98.3
120.8
95.1
116.2
86.8
111.2
110.3
113.4
74.1
104.2
100.7
109.3
109.8
111.4
94.4
92.2
103.6
93.9
100.0
85.3
84.5
93.3
100.2
98.1
106.8
105.0
86.7
80.5
76.4
90.4
102.1
110.9
90.0
93.6
107.9
93.9
8.2
8.9
8.9
8.9
9.2
8.7
9.0
8.8
8.9
8.3
8.6
8.6
9.0
8.8
9.0
8.9
9.3
8.5
8.9
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.6
8.3
8.4
8.3
8.3
i* 8.8
8.9
9.1
9.2
8.1
8.2
8.1
8.3
8.6
8.8
8.5
8.6
8.9
8.7
51.90
43.77
55.71
48.41
104.66
89.21
83.75
74.77
112.38
84.06
107.61
89.74
99.93
65.20
91.62
74. 56
107.98
108.50
73.31
72.18
57.32
61.02
58.02
96.00
81.79
79.23
63.53
78.73
80.85
80.95
72.33
43.19
36.91
37.88
54.13
56.90
61.68
76.12
64.50
74.91
62.35
4.45
4.51
4.60
4.51
8.37
7.89
6.24
6.89
8.57
8.00
8.37
6.97
7.96
7.77
7.92
6.59
9.21
8.40
5.84
6.44
5.26
5.05
5.34
8.02
8.03
7.79
5.63
« 7.16
7.32
6.91
6.32
4.05
3.77
4.02
4.99
4.77
4.91
7.17
5.92
6.20
5.76
.646
.509
.516
.508
.912
.908
.693
.786
.967
.968
.968
.814
.881
.880
.879
.740
.988
.989
.658
.765
.622
.589
.618
.960
.959
.938
.681
.786
.824
.758
.689
.498
.459
.496
.599
.557
.556
.846
.689
.694
.664
« 11.7
10.7
11.9
11.3
102.0
92.0
104.8
99.5
12 8.6
87.42
71.75
77.94
67.47
«7 .4 7
6.72
6.56
5.96
.857
.780
.743
.678
33
83
122
81
6
34
39
18
9.7
9.7
10.6
10.3
12.1
9.9
12.2
9.6
81.7
87.4
92.0
91.6
108.0
87.6
110.6
85.9
8.5
9.0
8.7
9.0
8.9
8.8
9.1
8.9
33.98
34.88
37.61
37.17
99.07
74.42
73.95
84.64
3.52
3.58
3.55
3.66
8.14
7.51
6.06
6.73
.416
.399
.409
.406
.917
.850
.669
.752
* Includes data for Utah, Washington and Wyoming.
» N ot including data for 137 employees whose starts were not reported,
i* N ot including data for 9 employees whose starts were not reported.
8.6
8.8
8.8
I
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
39
B « — Average number of starts (days) and auerage hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922, 1924,1926, and 1929 , by place of
work, occupation, and State— C o n t i n u e d
T able
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates pe hour, day, or week]
Place oi work, occupation,
and State
Average hours
worked
Average
number
um of
N um N
starts
of
Year ber of ber
(days)
em
mines ployees made in
half
month
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
104.1
84.4
101.9
101.6
85.2
68.0
100.6
98.4
110.5
0)
59.0
93.3
84.5
94.7
90.9
91.3
79.1
88.0
89.9
96.7
95.8
101.6
96.0
83.6
89.1
83.3
74.7
95.2
101.9
90.7
91.4
98.2
88.6
$8.5
8.2
8.5
8.2
8.2
8.8
8.6
8.2
8.5
0)
8.2
8.1
8.4
8.4
8.5
8.2
8.2
8.0
8.2
1*8.5
8.8
8.9
8.9
8.2
8.3
8.0
8.0
&6
8.4
8.3
&6
8.6
8.5
Per
start
(day)
P tr
hour
$98.14
77.80
93.24
77.24
75.72
59.57
85.50
71.74
102.94
(4)
51.44
64.67
49.71
53.24
53.38
83.75
71.80
80.09
54.96
67.15
70.90
67.94
59.10
41.61
38.52
37.77
40.91
48.39
50.94
69.77
57.12
60.37
54.35
$7.99
7.59
7.80
6.26
7.31
7.67
7.27
5.95
7.92
(<)
7.15
5.64
4.94
4,72
5.01
7.49
7.43
7.27
5.04
* 6 .1 8
6.51
5.93
5.45
4.07
3.58
3.62
4.36
4.37
4.21
6.41
5.35
5.27
5.20
$0,943
.922
.915
.760
.889
.876
.850
.729
.932
(<)
.872
.693
.588
.562
.587
.917
.908
.910
.611
.694
.740
.668
.616
.498
.432
.454
.548
.508
.500
.769
.625
.615
.614
i
o u t s id e m in e— continued
Carpenters and car repair
men—Continued.
Illin ois................................
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1928
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922.
1924
1926
1929
20
38
87
85
6
8
14
21
8
1
2
18
61
78
58
17
37
35
36
37
138
138
120
15
11
12
11
20
19
88
119
107
139
40
143
162
130
12
13
29
40
4
2
6
40
178
214
158
28
59
69
81
166
431
501
412
80
35
29
24
57
56
74
855
815
448
12.3
10.2
12.0
12.3
10.3
7.8
11.8
12.1
13.0
0)
7.2
11.5
10.1
11.3
10.7
11.2
9.7
11.0
10.9
M10.9
10.9
11.5
10.8
10.2
10.8
10.4
9.4
11.1
12.1
10.9
10.7
11.4
10.5
Total................................. 21922
1924
1926
1929
157
474
484
471
427
1,354
1,545
1,458
“ 11. 1
10.4
11.4
10.8
94.7
89.6
98.3
92.9
18 8.4
8.6
8.6
8.6
71.23
61.96
64.28
56.84
1*6.42
5.93
5.64
5.24
.752
.691
.654
.612
7
24
26
19
8
17
17
16
22
45
39
37
8
22
16
27
9
11
8
7
38
30
28
18
28
21
25
11
38
66
39
20
60
57
43
68
147
137
123
16
41
31
55
13
15
11
8
64
42
47
23
38
30
35
11.5
10.2
2L1
10.4
13.6
11.4
12.9
9.7
15.0
14.6
14.7
14.9
15.4
13.9
14.5
13.2
12.1
12.3
12.7
12.8
13.1
13.0
12.3
12.5
12.6
13.2
14.3
96.8
81.5
110.1
95.3
117.5
99.8
110.8
80.1
122.1
120.6
123.1
121.8
135.5
126.9
135.1
109.5
116.6
119.9
121.3
108.2
123.7
126.2
117.3
111.3
111.4
117.4
119.6
8.4
8.0
9.1
9.1
8.6
8.7
8.6
8.3
8.1
8.3
8.3
8.2
8.8
9.1
9.4
8.3
9.7
9.8
9.5
8.5
9.5
9.7
9.6
8.9
8.9
8.9
8.3
47.87
43.71
49.41
47.01
107.02
87.01
76.82
67.76
116.63
116.87
118.49
97.79
121.34
110.71
113.31
94.25
104.70
106.35
73.22
84.24
69.99
71.35
66.79
95.29
103.91
107.60
84.79
4.15
4.29
4.09
4.50
7.90
7.61
5.94
7.02
7.75
8.02
8.04
6.57
7.86
7.98
7.84
7.12
8.67
8.67
5.75
6.61
5.36
5.47
5.44
7.61
8.26
8.13
5.91
.495
.537
.449
.493
.914
.872
.693
.846
.955
.969
.963
.803
.895
.872
.839
.861
.898
.887
.604
.779
.566
.565
.569
.856
.933
.917
.709
Indiana...............— ..........
Kansas.________ ________
K e n tu ck y ..____ ________
Ohio......................................
Pennsylvania......................
Tennessee............................
Virginia...............................
West Virginia.....................
Engineers:
Alabama..............................
Colorado..................... .........
Illin ois.. . ............................
Indiana.... ............................
Kansas...... ..........................
K entucky............................
Ohio. .................................
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
i
'■
1
1
{
1
* includes data for Utah, Wa:shingtt>n, and Wyornii;ig.
* Data included in total.
N ot including data for 22 employees whose starts were not reported.
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
40
B . — Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922,1924, 1986, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— Continued
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week!
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
N um Num of starts
Year ber of ber of
(days)
fairies' em
in
ployees made
half
month
,
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
o u t s id e m in e— continued
Engineers— Continued.
Pennsylvania............ ......... 1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
Tennessee...................
1926
1929
Virginia................. .............. 1926
1929
W est Virginia............ ......... 1922
1924
1926
1929
71
246
204
190
7
9
6
9
6
28
78
74
97
i 12.4 |
12.6 1
13.3
13.0
11.3
10.4
7.0
11.8
12.3
15.0
12.8
12.7
12.0
106.6
112.8
120.8
116.7
99.3
92.9
56.0
109.2
126.7
165.1
123.0
120.2
107.9
18.5
8.9
9.1
9.0
8.8
8.9
8.0
9.3
10.3
11.0
9.6
9.4
9.0
$80.35
91.96
97.24
83.18
49.48
42.15
28.65
53.90
75.80
100.88
72.60
74.91
67.77
1 $6.50
7.27
7.30
6.40
4.38
4.04
4.09
4.58
6.15
8.71
5.66
5.88
5.63
$0,754
.816
.805
731
498
454
512
.493
598
.611
.590
.623
.628
129
267
Total................................. 21922
732
1924
333
674
1926
320
652
1929
313
Laborers:
203
1922
10 <
1924
580
39
620
1926
36
21
438
1929
Colorado.............................. 1922
8
97
1924
17
210
234
1926
17
146
1929
16
21
337
Illinois.................................. 1922
765
1924
45
778
39
1926
789
1929
37
115
12
Indiana................................ 1922
192
21
1924
17
162
1926
262
1929
29
37
Kansas............... - ................ 1924
9
53
11
1926
22
8
1929
198
K entucky........................... 1922
20
999
1924
78
83
1,190
1926
63
1,040
1929
24
227
Ohio...................................... 1922
441
56
1924
474
45
1926
41
423
1929
573
Pennsylvania...................... 1922
42
2,017
152
1924
2,098
149
1926
133
1,726
1929
20
157
Tennessee............................ 1924
13
146
1926
15
161
1929
Virginia................................ 1924
12
136
22
292
1926
22
286
1929
West Virginia..................... 1922
46
498
142
1,980
1924
118
1,830
1926
2,541
1929 1 142
113.9 1
12.9
13.3
12.8
121.3
18.7
114.4
8.9
119.6 f 9.0
111.9
8.7
99.50
91.56
91.17
79.56
17.21
7.09
8.83
8. 21
.82a
.801
.762
.711
9.1
8.1
9.5
9.2
11.6
8.9
12.0
7.1
10.3
9.2
11.0
11.1
9.4
7.1
10.7
10.3
10.1
11.2
9.1
10.2
9.1
10.4
9.6
9.3
9.1
10.0
9.5
u 10.8
10.2
11.0
10.2
8.8
8.8
7.1
8.4
9.6
11.0
9.6
9.9
10.9
10.0
73.9
71.9
83.5
84.0
101.0
77.6
108.6
62.5
85.8
75.7
94.1
91.9
77.6
57.2
88.0
83.0
88.8
91.8
75.1
83.5
78.3
90.3
85.4
74.1
73.6
80.2
76.4
95.5
89.8
97.9
92.5
70.2
69.7
56.4
68.9
84.4
95.8
80.0
84.8
95.2
87.0
8.1
8.9
8.8
9.1
8.7
8.8
9.1
8.8
8.3
8.2
8.5
8.3
8.2
8.0
8.2
8.0
8.8
8.2
8.2
8.2
8.6
8.6
8.9
8.0
8.1
8.0
8.0
14 8.8
8.8
8.9
9.1
8.0
8.0
7.9
8.2
8.8
8.7
8.4
8.6
8.8
8.7
24.21
20.39
24.09
23.57
77.40
55.53
56.41
37.95
73.69
65.36
80.77
63.34
65.88
48.64
72.90
56.80
76.77
76.29
40.96
43.82
36.55
39.44
38.54
63.24
63.24
67.97
41.15
54.03
56.20
55.11
46.95
26.64
23.64
19.35
25.33
30.49
34.90
46.16
40.44
45.93
40.09
2.66
2.53
2.54
2.56
6.64
8.27
4.71
5.36
7.13
7.07
7.31
5.69
6.98
8.81
6.82
| 5.50
7.62
, 8.82
4.48
4.29
4.00
. 3.77
i 4.03
6.80
8.92
8.77
4.33
» 5.17
5.51
4.99
4.61
3.03
i 2.70
2.72
3.02
- 3.16
1 3.16
4.82
1 4.08
1 4.23
j 4.01
.328
284
.288
.281
. 76f>
716
.m
.607
. 859
.863
.858
.68a
.84a
.850
.829
.685
.865
.831
.546
.525
.467
.437
.451
.853
.859
.847
.539
.566
.626
.563
.507
.379
.339
.343
.367
.361
.364
>577
.477
.482
.461
10.1
9.5
10.7
10.0
84.8
81.2
92.6
86.8
i<8.4
8.6
8.7
8.7
55.06
46.73
50.53
42.78
j u
!
1
j
.849
.575
.546
.493
Total................................. «1922 1
1924
1926
1929
32
103
95
84
5
7
5
6
5
16
42 !
52 1
59
195
2,407
591
7,514
550 S 7,877
527
7,834
i N ot including data for 8 employees whose starts were not reported.
1 Includes data for Utah, Washington, and W yoming.
MN ot including data for 51 employees whose starts were not. reported.
5.49
4.93
4.74
4.30
HOtTRS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
41
B.—Average number of starts (days) and average hours and earnings of
employees other than miners and loaders, 1922,1924,1926, and 1929, by place of
work, occupation, and State— Continued
T a b le
[The data in this table are for employees who are usually paid rates per hour, day, or week]
Place of work, occupation,
and State
Average
number
N um N um of starts
ber of
Year ber of
(days)
em
mines ployees made in
half
month
Average hours
worked
Average earnings
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
In half
month
Per
start
(day)
Per
hour
o u t s id e m in e— continued
Other employees:
Alabama..............................
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1924
1926
1929
1922
1924
1926
1929
10
38
33
22
7
17
17
16
21
44
38
37
12
23
17
16
7
11
8
20
73
83
61
25
54
41
40
42
151
150
131
20
14
13
12
22
22
44
139
114
140
185
348
345
222
68
189
162
164
247
502
312
358
87
91
96
45
18
34
32
258
501
650
317
160
228
215
206
713
1,596
1,382
1,498
125
96
48
107
169
132
371
1,118
740
1,121
11.1
10.2
11.6
10.4
12.9
11.0
12.8
9.8
12.5
10.4
12.7
12.3
12.7
9.6
12.0
12.6
12.0
12.4
10.0
11.1
10.9
11.5
10.7
11.6
11.3
11.4
12.5
“ 11.9
11.9
12.5
11.2
9.2
11.0
10.2
10.1
11.2
12.3
11.5
11.2
12.2
10.6
93.7
93.5
108.1
98.9
115.2
101.2
118.6
87.2
104.5
87.8
108.8
103.6
106.7
83.2
101.2
105.8
107.5
105.2
84.1
93.7
97.3
104.9
101.0
95.1
93.9
92.6
102.2
104.9
106.7
112.5
102.2
76.5
90.7
83.5
87.3
102.4
110.3
100.5
101.4
109.3
92.2
8.5
9.2
9.3
9.4
8.9
9.2
9.3
8.9
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.4
8.4
8.6
8.4
8.4
9.0
8.5
8.4
8.5
8.9
9.1
9.4
8.2
8.3
8.1
8.2
15 8.8
9.0
9.0
9.1
8.3
8.3
8.2
8.7
9.2
9.0
8.7
9.1
9.0
8.7
$36.85
38.13
44.79
41.40
97.53
71.93
71.41
62.37
90.15
69.64
88.94
75.78
93.16
60.19
73.40
85.21
95.51
83.28
53.59
59.46
54.28
57.58
53.10
73.94
72.81
71.65
68.53
66.26
72.06
70.61
57.34
34.33
41.27
36.84
41.42
49.66
57.09
70.70
59.02
63.45
53.61
$3.32
3.74
3.85
3.95
7.56
6.55
5.58
6.37
7.24
6.68
7.01
6.17
7.32
6.24
6.12
6.79
7.96
6.69
5.38
5.38
4.98
4.99
4.95
6.36
6.44
6.27
5.50
» 5.65
6.08
5.67
5.10
3.72
3.77
3.62
4.12
4.45
4.65
6.14
5.29
5.20
5.04
$0,393
.408
.414
.419
.847
.711
.602
.716
.863
.793
.817
.731
.873
.724
.726
.806
.888
.792
.637
.635
.558
.549
.526
.777
.775
.774
.671
.631
.676
.628
.561
.449
.455
.441
.475
.485
.517
.703
.582
.580
.581
Total__________________ a 1922
1924
1926
1929
193
578
540
506
2,242
4,823
4,201
4,143
1*11.8
11.1
12.1
11.1
101.3
99.1
108.1
98.7
14 8.5
8.9
8.9
8.9
70.02
62.73
65.31
57.53
18 5.96
5.64
5.41
5.18
.691
.633
.604
.583
Colorado..............................
Illin o is .-..............................
Indiana__________- ______
Kansas.................................
Kentucky............................
Ohio......................................
Pennsylvania____________
Tennessee............................
Virginia................................
W est Virginia.....................
* Includes data for Utah, Washington, and W yoming.
i* N ot including data for 75 employees whose starts were not reported.
09800°— 30-------i
T a b l e C . — Number
of miners and loaders in each State whose average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1929, by occupation
Num ber of employees whose average hourly earnings, based on time at face and time in mine, were within each classified amount
Alabama
Colorado
Indiana
Kentucky
Kansas
1
12
14
16
16
17
6
7
65
145
311
468
630
379
348
157
73
21
9
4
2
1
3
2
3
769
769 9,671 9,671 2,634 '■2,634
73.6
68.8
85.7
79.1
92.2
86.5
71.9
67.6
1C
41
71
105
136
176
164
19
70
97
129
181
168
166
62
ICO
191
352
473
457
384
87
143
273
475
467
469
294
8
27
90
169
266
241
238
9
41
114
225
278
278
218
25
57
165
222
205
192
161
31
97
195
267
223
194
120
T o t a l.__________ 3,137 3,137
Average earnings, in
i
cents, per hour............ 38.8 35.3
639
1,242
2,456
3,322
3,209
2,381
1,592
1,118
556
313
153
88
44
1
27
17
15
1
8
1
10
18
3
5
940
1,815
3,262
3,783
2,947
1,952
1,278
584
312
140
75
44
25
17
12
8
7
5
5
2
3
In
mine
At
face
In
mine
935 1,491
141
272
547
904 2,071 2,851
634
1,411
2,431 1,292 1,722 3,292 4,032
1,804 1,884 1,893 3,741 3,856
1,344 1,434 1,166 3,168 2,787
523 2,302 1,770
806
818
928
400
363
242 1,435
405
796
190
no
202
168
353
72
37
79
72
171
32
38
27
34
87
25
12
23
12
37
5
21
8
11
11
2
12
7
13
13
2
7
2
1
13
2
4
3
1
5
2
2
3
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
3
3
1
3
1
1
1
74
162
ICG
64
45
18
13
4
2
94
171
107
50
40
14
9
3
168
367
538
542
323
213
126
51
30
11
8
9
2
225
471
616
448
310
163
86
35
13
9
8
4
At
face
In
mine
At
face
At
face
In
mine
LOADERS, HAND
2
2
80
351
1,008
2,136
1,906
1,448
1,061
585
317
2
156
1
59
1
24
18
3
3
2
1
80 9.C80 :9.C80 6,948 6,948 18439 18439
59.5 1 54.7
59.2
1
!
_______ 1........... .
1
1
488
488 2, 391 2,391 17216 17216 70853 70,853
60.1
54.2
46.4
43.6
255
666
1,308
1 1,706
2 1,690
1,350
915
433
995
1, 722
2,040
1, 647
1,083
622
64
113
122
121
58
26
27
76
136
150
85
46
28
20
54.5
1
1
3,151 4,736
6,778 9,022
;10816 13,138
12318 12,989
10999 10,575
8,972 7,694
6,588 6,888
6,341 2,919
2,205 1,509
1,330
728
644
317
303
121
64
127
75
56
51
23
20
28
26
17
18
10
37
20
9
3
7
4
54.9
51.3
65.3
59.1
64.8
59.2
39
95
207
347
315
299
198
54
143
289
393
322
248
120
515
1,347
2,624
3,502
3,399
2,915
2,170
803
2,035
3,361
3,999
3,387
2,571
1,620
MINERS, HAND OR PICK
TTnrl at 3ft p p n f s
30 and under 40 cents. —
40 and under 50 cents—
50 and under 60 cents—
60 and under 70 cents—
70 and under 80 cents—
80 and under 90 cents. —
45
187
311
286
141
88
32
74
3C7
339
212
109
44
16
7
61
159
193
113
86
51
20
103
182
172
112
59
44
1
2
MINING
3
8
38
110
228
375
546
484
320
289
120
63
25
10
2
3
3
2
5
In
mine
At
face
In
mine
COAL
58
22
44
101
57
77
239
160
95
709
121
343
122
902 :1,467
118 1,643 1,847
82 1,811 3,208
38 3,306 1,157
508
40
678
262
26
416
195
73
18
8
19
56
2
8
15
4
10
13
1
3
2
3
2
3
1
1
4
1
1
x
3
4
2
1
At
face
In
mine
At
face
Total
BITUMINOUS
13
45
82
113
115
108
94
58
35
29
28
11
15
5
9
1
3
2
3
Under 30 cents
__
783 1,081
30 and under 40 cents. .. 1,163 1,233
557
40 and under 50 cents. ... 739
166
50 and under 60 cents. .. 282
109
65
60 and under 70 cents__
37
70 and under 80 cents__
17
80 and under 90 cents. ..
7
8
6
10
90 cents and under $1. _ _
3
2
$1 and under $110
2
2
$1.10 and under $1.20___
2
$1.20 and under $1.30___
$1 30 and under $1 40
$1 40 and under $1 50
$1 50 and under $1 60
$1 60 and under $1 70
$1 70 and under $1 80
!
$1 80 and under $1 90
1
$1 90 and under $2
!_____
$2 and under $2.50_____
$2 50 and under $3
$3 and over
At
face
West Vir
ginia
Virginia
IN
i
7
11
18
16
16
7
In
mine
In
mine
Tennessee
EARNINGS
In
mine
At
face
At
face
Pennsyl
vania
Ohio
AND
At
face
In
mine
In
mine
At
face
Illinois
HOURS
Occupation and classi
fied earnings per hour
168
101
72
43
24
15
19
4
4
2
124
77
48
21
17
18
6
4
1
1
227
129
64
32
9
5
1
1
1
158
73
34
8
5
1
1
192
145
82
44
21
9
2
5
2
178
102
66
21
12
2
6
165
79
38
17
13
1
3
2
304
149
70
26
17
7
2
1
3
2
1
2
1
71.6
2,488 1,543 1,643 1,252 1,252
731
731
64.7
62.3
57.5
65.6
79.6
74.9
71.1
), 123 9,123
11
38
88
97
136
88
78
35
33
30
7
21
64
116
120
124
72
56
28
22
15
12
6
13
31
59
147
192
276
211
176
126
80
73
60
45
23
9
7
13
16
10
1
559
559
50.0
47.1
1,697 1,697 19666 19,666
66.9
61.2
67.3
60.9
3
12
6
23
44
121
321
457
589
679
676
614
832
439
314
292
179
123
48
37
10
1
34
72
192
446
547
762
733
645
714
666
340
292
175
102
50
36
37
34
50
14
MINERS, MACHINE (CUT
TERS)
2
Under 30 cents...........
30 and under 40 cents. —
40 and under 50 cents___
60 and under 60 cents___
60 and under 70 cents___
70 and under 80 cents. —
80 and under 90 cents___
90 cents and under $1___
$1 and under $1.10........ .
$1.10 and under $1.20___
$1.20 and under $1.30___
$1.30 and under $1.40___
$1.40 and under $1.50___
$L50 and under $1.60___
$1.60 and under $1.70___
$1.70 and under $1.80__
$1.80 and under $1.90__
$1.90 and under $2........ .
$2 and under $2.50____
$2.60 and under $3_____
$3 and over............... ......
T ota l.....................
Average earnings in
cents per hour_______
70
109
134
366
115
77
82
29
24
7
5
5
8
5
129
74.2
4
20
56
51
62
82
77
72
103
49
39
17
14
10
5
1
2
12
53
65
95
131
232
296
66
84
33
25
4
4
4
2
10
356
8
8
68.0 117.2 109.9 113.9 105.2 129.5 121.7
82.3
77.3
129
52
52 1,122 1,122
356
2
11
25
67
52
97
87
72
62
104
43
15
13
9
4
2
17
50
75
149
228
223
199
151
104
91
72
55
54
37
6
7
13
28
2
1
663 1,568 1, 568
96.3
87.6
81.0
97,8
.7
20
75
89
102
126
144
130
117
100
65
80
61
24
19
18
7
28
28
128
65.1
61.9
78.7
140
155
137
137
113
85
71
48
23
22
15
8
128 1,214 1,214 5,937
74 6 106.2
97.6 101.8
5,937
93.6
MINING
58.6
COAL
65.7
BITUMINOUS
57.8
IN
64.7
EARNINGS
Total..................... 1,120 1,120 1,150 1,150
Average earnings in
in cents per hour........ 53.1 48.0 85.3 77.5
471
253
97
61
36
16
AND
1,425
817
448
236
116
55
42
16
13
5
5
13
2
1
15
HOURS
60 cents and under $1—
$1 and under $1.10..........
$1.10 and under $1.20___
$1.20 and under $1.30___
$1.30 and under $1.40___
$1.40 and under $1.50___
$1.60 and under $1.60___
$1.60 and under $1.70.
$1.70 and under $1.80.
$1.80 and under $1.90.
$1.90 and under $ 2 . ..
$2 and under $2.60___
$2.60 and under $3___
$3 and over..............__
CO
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
44
T
D.— Number of employees other than miners and loaders in each State whose
average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1929, by occupation
able
[Earnings per hour in this table are based on time actually worked, exclusive of travel time and lunch time]
Number of employees in each occupation whose average hourly earnings were
within each classified amount
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings
per hour
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Penn T en
West
Indi Kan Ken
Ohio syl nes 1 Vir Vir Total
ana
sas tucky
vania see ginia ginia
INSIDE MINE
Brakemen:
Under 30 cents________
30 and under 40 ce n ts ...
40 and under 50 cents. _
50 and under 60 cents. _
fifl and nndftr 70 Wntf*,
70 and under 80 nfvnt.s „
80 and nndftr 90 cftnfs
90 cents and under $1__
16
145
91
4
2
1
7
26
1
$1.10 and under $1.20__
Brattice men and Timbermen:
Under 30 cents________
30 and nndftr 40 cents
40 and under 50 cents. .
50 and under 60 cents. _
60 and under 70 cents. _
70 and under 80 cents
80 and under 90 cents
90 cents and under $1
$1 and under $1.10_____
$1.10 and under $1.20
440
370
1
1
1
20
2
131
245
94 1,086
1
200
42
!
24
2
3
568
192
12
749
188
930
70
76.7
62.5
52.7
61.6
67.2
37.8
45.1
9
15
5
2
13
106
2
246 1,606
4,854
55.1
59.6
7
455
27
1
1
2
122
9
3
13
1
1
41
284
25
2
19
42
364
139
35
6
4
61
150
862
679
975
135
32
3
3
21
205
8
72
279
1
347
2
23
1
2
79
493
136
14
395
234
700
29
124
591
2,901
82.7
76.5
76.9
63.2
56.9
62.5
69.6
43.4
50.0
57.9
64.8
4
3
89
188
45
1
29
371
6
58
587
1
44
15
18
3
1
13
57
476
119
2
7
11
263
223
754
1,209
1,075
258
16
6
230
8
1
4
20
182
6
22
354
45
4
2
246
21
2
59
1
452
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
213
426
271
60
331
45
36
676
3,811
82.0
76.3
76.8
63.4
52.2
62.1
68.3
43.3
40.8
55.0
63.7
2
204
676
263
10
14
60
2
3
207
65
20
1
13
176
660
695
313
3
1
85
35
2
4
2
55
72
304
746
64 1,256
108
7
28
2
1
174
707
2,163
2,485
924
1,214
156
4
8
1
2
3
427 2,222
7,842
50.2
54.4
=": tub
166
276
223
32
1
6
1
1
1
16
214
807
1,740
774
1,112
168
14
1
2
75.9
4
72
1
1
3
13
23
3
1
9
702
36
1
1
1
6
144
5
27
401 1,108
2
1
1
_____ 1______
3
1
j
. I .
*
1
T o t a l .......................... 703
Average earnings, in cents,
per hour____. . . . . . . _____ 38.2
35
34
1
37
19
10
7
T otal............................
244
Average earnings, in cents,
per hour.............................. 34.3
Laborers:
Under 30 ce n ts ..______
30 and under 40 cents. _
40 and under 50 cents. _
50 and under 60 cents. _
60 and under 70 ce n ts ..
70 and nndftr 80 cents. _
80 and under 90 cents
90 cents and under $1
$1 and under $1.10_____
$1.10 and nndftr $1.20
$1.20 and under $1.30
$1.30 and nndftr $1.40
$1.40 and under $1.50
$1.50 and under $1.60__
11
106
78.1
1
49
T otal..... ....................... 106
Average earnings, in cents,
per hour____________. ___ 42.4
Drivers:
Under 30 cents________
30 and under 40 cents. _
40 and under 50 cents. _
50 and under 60 cents
60 and under 70 cents
70 and under 80 cents
80 and nndftr 90 cents
90 cents and under $1
$1 and under $1.10 __
$1.10 and under $1.20
2
7
539
19
1
2
79
96
8
2
1
15
8
12
144
18
4
2
1
$1.30 and under $1.40...
$1 and nndftr $1,10
Total............................
256
Average earnings, in cents,
per h o u r .. ......................... 39.5
12
293
351
9
2
78
4
39 | 751
78.2
74.9
158
76.6
27 1,229
62.6
46.2
1
302 1,862
60.5
60.6
122
36.0
42.0
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN
BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
45
D .—Number of employees other than miners and loaders in each State whose
average earnings per hour were within each classified amount, 1929, by occupation—
T a b le
Continued
[Earnings per hour in this table are based on time actually worked, exclusive of travel time and lunch time]
Number of employees in each occupation whose average hourly earnings were
within each classified amount
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings
per hour
i n s id e
m in e —
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Indi- Kan- Ken- Ohio Penn- Ten- Vir W est
syl- nes- ginia Vir Total
tucky
vania see m mm ginia
continued
Motormen:
Under 30 cents...............
30 and under 40 cents. .
40 and under 50 cents. _
50 and under 60 cents. _
60 and under 70 cents. .
70 and under 80 cents. _
80 and under 90 c e n ts ..
90 cents and under $1. _
$1 and under $1.10_____
$1.10 and under $1.20.
T o t a l.........................
Average earnings, in cents,
per hour________________
76
1
14
11
184
7
219
47.0
84.9
Trackmen:
Under 30 cents.........
30 and under 40 cents. .
40 and under 50 cents. _
50 and under 60 cents. .
60 and under 70 cents.
70 and under 80 cen ts ..
80 and under 90 cents.
90 cents and under $1.
$1 and under $1.10____
$1.10 and under $1.20..
Total............................
Average earnings, in cents,
per hour________________
555
217
14
724
85.7
83.0
68.6
57.9
4
663
20
2
2
115
1
9
38
500
90
4
16
65
1
58
46.5
691
252
76.5
57.1
83
485
510
5
200 1,083
62.9
476
32
1
30
50
229
15
1
76.4
22
159
17
2
45
168
7
i.7
45.9
50.2
1
101
991
348
55
15
20
1
3
90
277
1,872
1,120
606
780
104
5
3
1,532
4,860
59.0
64.9
8
48
76
169 1,008
2
100
402
394
1
20
204
61
62.4
44.6
227 1,435
48.7
1,812
917
1,348
128
74
2
1
4,653
58.4
63.5
1
14
201
135
87
8
1
1
44
141
537
328
341
41
18
6
1
1
56
448
1,458
50.0
61.4
61.2
14
7
284
175
88 1,155
9 1,023
40
31
1
383
1,193
2,444
2,078
569
1,145
18
1
3
2,541
7,834
46.1
49.3
OUTSIDE MINE
Carpenters and car-repair
men:
30 and under 40 cents. _
40 and under 50 cen ts..
50 and under 60 cents. .
60 and under 70 cents. _
70 and under 80 cents
80 and under 90 cents.
90 cents and under $1.
$1 and under $1.10___
$1.10 and under $1.20.
$1.30 and under $1.40.
T otal............................
Average earnings in cents,
per hour________________
Laborers:
Under 30 cents________
30 and under 40 cents. .
40 and under 50 cents. .
50 and under 60 cents.
60 and under 70 cents.
70 and under 80 cents.
80 and under 90 cents.
90 cents and under $1.
$1 and under $1.10___
T otal............................
Average earnings, in cents,
per h o u r............................
19
164
140
£0
81
40.6
18
75.2
130
76.0
40
5
72.9
87.2
328
106
4
158
58.7
13
309
545
22
81
61.1
27
23
327
45
127
7
1
438
146
789
262
28.1
60.7
68.9
68.5
1,040
54.6
45.1
412
61.6
45.4
5
182
521
583
395
39
1
15
108
37
1
423 1,726
53.9
29
50.7
161
34.3
36.4
46
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b le
E .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who
worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1929
Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each
classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified hours in
half month
Ala- Colo- Illi
bama rado nois
Penn Ten Vir West
Indi Kan- Kentucky Ohio syl nes ginia V ir Total
ana
vania see
ginia
INSIDE MINE
Brakemen:*
Under 8 hours...........
8 and under 16 hours. . .
16 and under 24 hours
24 and under 32 hours._
32 and under 40 h ou rs._
40 and under 48 hours
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hours.,
72 and under 80 hours.
80 and under 88 hou rs..
88 and under 96 hou rs..
96 and under 104 hours
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
184 and under 192 hours.
1
5
8
11
8
7
14
34
40
41
72
62
115
90
32
16
7
2
2
1
T otal............................
256
Average hours worked in
half month.......................... 80.6
1
14
11
19
27
28
35
47
60
76
107
105
66
69
34
23
17
5
4
1
1
11
9
13
11
21
28
47
59
77
105
105
143
135
66
43
21
14
11
4
1
2
2
1
D rivers:1
Under 8 hours.............
8 and under 16 hours.
16 and under 24 hours _.
24 and under 32 hours.
32 and under 40 hours.
40 and under 48 h ou rs..
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 h ou rs..
72 and under 80 hours.
192
12
749
188
930
70
78.9
61.7
79.5
81.1
89.6
60.4
246 1, C06
4,854
75.4
81.0
7
20
13
7
6
8
11
23
28
36
59
119
88
92
36
23
11
1
2
1
10
50
36
25
37
60
67
115
168
197
311
419
433
482
244
131
59
26
15
8
6
2
124
591
2,901
91.4
84.6
88.3
85.6
4
5
3
7
15
11
17
35
49
86
74
97
150
80
39
8
13
4
1
2
106
79
493
14
395
234
700
80.7
88.9
82.8
82.6
93.3
92.9
26
1 The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked,
2
1
37
92.1
14
173
107
115
126
146
213
273
317
426
542
590
636
555
267
175
90
47
26
8
1
4
75.8
Bratticemen and timbermen: 1
Under 8 hours..............
8 and under 16 hours..
16 and under 24 hours.
24 and under 32 hours.
32 and under 40 hou rs..
40 and under 48 hours—
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hou rs..
72 and under 80 hours.
80 and under 88 hours.
88 and under 96 hours.
96 and under 104 hours
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
T otal............................
Average hours worked in
half m onth........................ .
10
116
61
42
42
49
70
92
85
149
170
198
187
159
80
48
26
12
71.4
13
96
79
64
164
187
172
235
329
341
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
47
E .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who
worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1929— Continued
T a b le
Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each
classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified hours in
half month
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Indi K an Ken Ohio Penn T en Vir West
Vir Total
syl nes
sas tucky
ana
vania see ginia ginia
i n s id e m i n e — continued
Dri vers—Continued.
80 and under 88 hours..
88 and under 96 hours..
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
41
49
20
7
6
2
1
16
5
5
7
1
1
1
32
45
78
61
50
24
18
1
2
3
43
35
18
13
15
11
5
1
1
11
9
5
3
1
1
23
15
11
20
28
10
3
1
160 and under 168 hours.
T otal............................
Average hours worked in
half month........................ .
Laborers:^
Under 8 hours................
8 and under 16 hours.
16 and under 24 hours..
80 and under 88 hours..
88 and under 96 hours..
96 and under 104 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
Total........ ...................
Average hours worked in
half month........................
Loaders, hand: 3
Under 8 hours................
8 and under 16 h o u rs...
16 and under 24 hou rs..
24 and under 32 hours..
32 and under 40 h ou rs..
40 and under 48 hou rs..
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hours..
72 and under 80 hou rs..
80 and under 88 hours..
88 and under 96 hou rs..
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
26
64
27
32
34
22
4
3
3
2
1
157
141
149
207
55
20
26
7
1
1
9
11
5
3
2,
5
10
4
1
1
81
94
73
46
25
9
6
2
1
1
1
244
213
426
271
60
331
75.4
52.8
91.8
75.9
73.6
67.8
78.1
2
18
ltj
13
13
15
32
51
51
50
88
56
139
117
62
22
4
1
1
16
8
2
2
6
4
4
9
4
20
17
20
16
9
11
7
1
3
16
11
14
10
21
18
22
10
18
30
30
35
23
19
10
3
1
1
1
2
55
59
50
44
59
60
87
79
130
151
146
97
122
39
24
16
2
4
1
1
27 1,229
17
12
17
25
26
23
49
56
56
102
87
104
72
43
7
3
2
1
2
1
1
8
12
2
2
3
5
2
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
1
6
1
2
8
1
401 1,108
2
1
703
39
751
158
79.6
71.3
82.5
79.4
24
5
82
106
65
137
312
45
54
229
291
75
72
720
911
47
702
53
56
815
41
961
48 1,385
52
793
30
929
878
40
4
466
5
7
16
44
58
81
350
171
136
287
203
283
511
179
185
129
1
6
61
121
75
68
132
171
234
259
251
358
450
300
344
126
109
23
47
2
45
36
676
3,811
84.8
72.9
75.3
72.4
77.8
3
23
16
27
38
44
64
80
133
181
247
237
217
315
120
58
31
13
6
4
3
1
1
6
17
11
7
9
11
7
8
8
10
2
7
9
1
1
105
266
69
88
75
72
76
108
121
140
212
255
212
218
100
36
17
11
8
2
1
119
430
261
233
238
260
306
421
509
623
882
892
913
970
417
190
95
34
25
11
10
1
2
427 2,222
7,842
65.2
75.2
146
392
441
476
738
859
1,113
1,479
1,506
1,657
1,723
1,725
1,674
1,456
1,088
543
145
36
13
1
3
422
1,404
1,772
2,248
3,152
3,428
4,351
5,546
5,686
6,723
7,357
7,757
6,418
6,147
4,537
3,022
617
206
47
8
1
3
4
15
21
17
16
13
18
15
20
23
34
54
80
61
19
13
6
1
1
302 1,862
122
70.8
79.3
85.1
52.6
78.5
93
252
315
482
637
410
501
820
659
2
918
1 ,166
930
594
474
403
231
151
30
11
2
32
117
171
233
262
418
703
464
702
864
510
624
605
345
346
499
49
1
3
73
259
355
429
572
871
771
1,126
1,399
1,631
1,822
2,072
1,880
2,129
1,561
1,145
239
84
18
2
6
24
37
41
107
96
29
40
24
16
14
13
24
17
21
65
68
68
77
100
132
138
177
232
251
331
311
294
94
25
5
1
77.4
2
4
6
58
5
3
.
441
473
401
403
216
100
64
14
9
8
1
1
i The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.
* The hours for this occupation are total hours in mine, including hours actually worked, travel time in
mine, and lunch time.
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
48
E .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who
worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1929— Continued
T a b le
N um ber of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each
classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified hours in
half month
Penn TenAla Colo Illi Indi Kan- KenVir- West
tucky Ohio syl nes- ginia V ir Total
bama rado nois ana
vania
ginia
i n s id e m i n e — continued
Loaders, hand—Continued.
160 and under 168 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
192 hours and over____
T otal............................ 3,137
Average hours worked in
half month........................ 79.5
Miners, hand or pick:*
Under 8 hours................
8 and under 16 hours—
16 and under 24 hou rs..
24 and under 32 hou rs..
32 and under 40 h ou rs..
40 and under 48 hou rs..
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hou rs..
72 and under 80 hou rs..
80 and under 88 hours.
88 and under 96 hours..
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours160 and under 168 hours.
19
16
17
24
48
59
105
73
89
133
159
43
124
72
72
34
7G9 1,671 2,634
80
81.0
1.5
35.8
71.2
6
19
16
29
25
38
56
100
175
248
171
157
188
465
175
254
366
4
19
31
50
110
204
128
181
101
168
299
191
29
28
4
19
42
44
162
69
116
371
117
306
2
2
12
7
14
15
16
18
29
38
62
73
121
108
78
24
65
48
1
57.6
10
77
129
69
104
106
302
135
41
36
35
4
83.2
488 *2,391 17216 ’0,853
48.1
24
100
125
157
218
282
255
338
472
633
862
1,188
1,199
1,148
982
1,003
106
20
77.2
76.2
77.3
7
27
39
44
56
126
134
168
134
168
189
206
139
100
113
57
264
367
467
772
897
941
1,446
1,443
1,849
1,838
2,133
1,782
1,982
1,367
1,438
556
54
11
..
T otal.......................... . 1,120 1,150 2,488 1,543 1,252
Average hours worked in
half month______________ 84.6 55.6 96.7 65.4 55.9
Miners, machine:*
Under 8 hours_______
8 and under 16 hours.
16 and under 24 h ou rs..
24 and under 32 hou rs..
32 and under 40 hours
40 and under 48 hou rs..
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hou rs..
72 and under 80 hou rs..
80 and under 88 hou rs..
88 and under 96 hours._
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 170 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
184 and under 192 hours.
192 hours and over____
Total............................
Average hours worked in
half month........................ .
18439
75.1
731
93.:
4
14
7
13
5
12
11
57
26
94
31
63
92
35
39
112
'32
7
4
8
7
12
14
17
67
104
108
122
107
145
85
136
127
129
95.1
52 1,122
52.0
85.8
356
75.9
669
42.1
91.1
9,123
559
90.3
65.3
2
19,666
74.9
82.5
11
11
19
32
38
40
48
107
83
131
139
142
178
179
205
100
47
18
11
5
9
6
4
5
3
13
9
17
44
28
43
24
45
86
67
92
127
135
109
148
99
37
37
14
13
15
5
2
2
9
64
61
90
195
137
203
341
360
477
529
535
602
616
537
593
279
114
87
34
24
26
11
6
1,568
128 1,214
5,937
98.8
57.6 104.7 100.1
92.4
7
* The hours for this occupation are total hours in mine, including hours actually worked, travel time in
mine, and lunch time.
49
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
E .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who
worked each classified number of hours in half month, 1929— Continued
T a b le
Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each
classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified hours in
half month
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Penn Ten Vir West
Indi Kan Ken
syl nes ginia Vir Total
ana
sas tucky Ohio vania
ginia
see
INSIDE MINE— continued
M otorm en:1
Under 8 hours..............
8 and under 16 hours. _
16 and under 24 hours.
24 and under 32 hou rs..
32 and under 40 hou rs..
40 and under 48 hou rs..
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hou rs..
72 and under 80 h ou rs..
80 and under 88 h ou rs..
88 and under 96 hou rs..
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
184 and under 192 hours.
T otal............................
Average hours worked in
half month--------------------Trackm en:1
Under 8 hours----------8 and under 16 h ou rs...
16 and under 24 hours. _
24 and under 32 hours—
32 and under 40 hours.
40 and under 48 hours
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hours..
64 and under 72 hours..
72 and under 80 hours..
80 and under 88 hours..
88 and under 96 hours..
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
Total............................
Average hours worked in
half month_____________
3
1
3
6
6
12
8
8
22
19
29
59
20
16
4
1
2
2
2
2
1
8
1
1
7
4
1
3
1
5
2
2
3
5
13
21
28
33
39
58
104
127
66
25
14
7
1
2
1
6
5 ji
8
o I
8
13 '
20
30
38
24
21
20
9
6
1
1
3
1
2
1
2
3
1
1
219
33
555
217
14
724
83.6
78.6
96.4
87.1
72.1
90.5
1
1
4
2
2
2
1
3
6
12
2
12
4
5
1
8
9
8
13
11
14
28
53
41
79
84
110
135
68
22
6
5
3
2
3
13
21
6
13
14
29
44
48
21
14
10
3
2
3
1
2
2
3
6
7
3
6
11
13
23
13
15
7
1
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
3
5
2
1
2
14
10
9
29
22
18
25
42
72
87
103
83
86
37
25
15
6
6
2
1
1
5
106
60
66
79
118
154
222
239
330
458
609
715
722
399
244
164
78
42
23
12
7
5
3
200 1,083
63
220 1,532.
4,860
94.4
71.3
4
6
4
8
22
20
24
41
64
122
102
126
177
86
48
23
8
7
2
2
2
3
1
4
1
5
5
8
6
4
10
4
7
1
1
3
3
3
6
6
11
21
18
9
17
17
21
17
13
10
9
8
5
3
85.8
2
3
5
17
13
11
10
16
28
18
21
12
22
16
2
4
2
4
6
5
7
20
29
61
64
83
112
106
149
186
96
62
39
21
13
g
4
3
4
1
2
3
2
2
6
5
10
5
2
1
2
3
6
6
4
2
4
3
4
1
2
4
5
4
5
8
36
39
42
24
21
9
6
2
1
1
3
74
39
35
32
44
41
67
58
94
144
205
216
206
93
67
55
27
17
6
6
2
97.5
85.1
89.6
1
2
5
6
6
2
5
9
9
7
17
31
39
54
19
9
4
1
9
49
37
34
37
30
42
55
69
97
150
188
190
228
107
49
32
20
6
6
12
86
76
73
101
115
152
178
250
318
529
610
649
753
365
198
101
38
30
10
4
2
3
227 1,435
4,653
82.1
85.8
1
1
2
115
58
691
252
19
693
204
898
61
90.4
85.1
87.2
83.0
89.1
82.9
91.8
92.4
65.8
*The hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.
9
4
4
10
17
27
25
38
59
86
109
97
92
64
39
28
6
4
3
1
1
1
89.0
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
50
E .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State who
worked each classified number of hours in half months 1929— Continued
T a b le
Number of employees in each occupation whose hours were within each
classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified hours in
half month
Penn TenVir- West
Ala. Colo-j Illi- Indi Kan- K e n -: Ohio
syl nes- ginia Vir Total
bama rado nois ana
tucky
vania
ginia
OUTSIDE MINE
Carpenters and car-repair
m e n :1
Under 8 hours................
8 and under 16 hou rs...
16 and under 24 hours..
24 and under 32 hours..
32 and under 40 hours..
40 and under 48 hours. .
48 and under 56 hours..
56 and under 64 hours. .
64 and under 72 hours..
72 and under 80 hours
80 and under 88 hou rs..
88 and under 96 hou rs..
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 liours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
176 and under 184 hours
3
15
11
7
6
6
6
16
21
20
32
72
54
106
30
18
12
5
3
2
T otal.......................... .
Average hours worked in
half m onth........................ .
9
8
6
6
38
17
22
18
39
47
52
64
27
40
28
11
4
1
130
40
158
85.9 101.6
18
•8.4
90.9
81 , 412 |
183
192
291
149
82
54
26
13
10
56
448
1, 458
.3 101.9
88.6
92.9
37
63
64
50
54
72
69
120
101
159
266
337
281
345
212
110
74
45
41
13
22
5
1
51
158
166
161
249
282
299
359
380
527
717
917
888
988
688
390
237
153
101
47
48
17
g
3
286 2,541
7,834
29
!
1
7
3
13
30
8
5
9
1
13
20
9
7
11
5
3
1
1
1
13
10
10
12
12
25
31
55
39
91
73
115
111
60
53
28
18
13
8
8
1
1
4
4
3
12
12
17
12
21
24
14
26
29
40
19
12
7
3
1
1
1
1
2
4
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
2
2
18
17
15
60
36
38
47
54
90
71
149
100
156
85
34
26
20
6
9
4
3
19.9 I 96.0 1
1
7
18
15
9
25
28
33
47
25
36
50
26
35
35
13
14
3
2
1
438
146
789
84.0
62.5
91.9
2
20
27
34
43
50
77
71
74
119
149
165
193
200
210
94
67
52
36
16
12
5
11
10
13
18
16
20
3
10
15
17
10
8
3
2
6
4
2
3
9
2
10
9
8
7
39
60
53
18
39
g
7
1
1
7
1
2
262 I
22 1,040
83.0 ' 75.1
1T he hours for this occupation are hours actually worked.
120
5
1
1
81
Total............................
Average hours worked in
half month.......................... 91.6
Laborers:1
Under 8 hours................
8 and under 16 h ou rs...
16 and under 24 hou rs..
24 and under 32 hours._
32 and under 40 hours..
40 and under 48 hou rs..
48 and under 56 hou rs..
56 and under 64 hou rs..
64 and under 72 hours..
72 and under 80 hours.
80 and under 88 hours..
88 and under 96 hours—
96 and under 104 hours.
104 and under 112 hours.
112 and under 120 hours.
120 and under 128 hours.
128 and under 136 hours.
136 and under 144 hours.
144 and under 152 hours.
152 and under 160 hours.
160 and under 168 hours.
168 and under 176 hours.
176 and under 184 hours.
184 and under 192 hours.
20
15
13
26
46
31
45
58
74
85.4
423 1,726
76.4
92.5
161
56.4
95.8
87.0
86.8
51
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
T a b le
F .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose
earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1929
Number of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month were
within each classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings in
half month.
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Ten Vir West
Indi Kan- Ken- Ohio Penn
syl nes ginia Vir Total
tucky
ana
vania see
ginia
INSIDE MINE
Brakemen:
Under $5.....................
$5 and under $10___
$10 and under $15
$15 and under $20._.
$20 and under $25.._
$25 and under $ 3 0 ...
$30 and under $ 3 5 ...
$35 and under $ 4 0 ...
$40 and under $45... $45 and under $ 5 0 ...
$50 and under $55.._
$55 and under $ 6 0 ...
$60 and under $ 6 5 ...
$65 and under $ 7 0 ...
$70 and under $ 7 5 ...
$75 and under $ 8 0 ...
$80 and under $ 9 0 ...
$90 and under $100..
$100 and under $110.
$110 and under $120.
$120 and under $140.
$140 and under $160.
T o t a l.................... .
Average earnings in half
m o n th ................................
Bratticemen and timbermen:
Under $5.........................
$5 and under $10............
$10 and under $15..........
$15 and under $23..........
$20 and under $25..........
$25 and under $30..........
$30 and under $35..........
$35 and under $40.........
$40 and under $45..........
$45 and under $50..........
$50 and under $55..........
$55 and under $60..........
$60 and under $65..........
$65 and under $70_____
$70 and under $75..........
$75 and under $80..........
$80 and under $90..........
$90 and under $100........
$100 and under $110___
$110 and under $120___
$120 and under $140___
104
71
50
47
53
84
115
130
197
213
177
134
90
59
30
16
31
5
2
11
10
10
15
17
21
34
59
52
105
104
101
97
1C8
71
79
15
12
3
20
8
2
2
37
568
192
12
749
188
2
2
70
59.16 65.83 60.56 38.54 41.92 49.97 CO. 20 22.8
1
4
6
3
7
2
6
10
15
31
37
12
35
51
60
103
75
30
1
3
1
5
3
7
7
17
12
41
32
54
64
90
77
101
94
58
23
9
1,606
4,854
38.63 41.55
48.31
25
37
34
39
35
53
75
108
150
232
238
317
244
247
233
259
274
216
85
19
5
1
25
48
58
60
107
80
58
34
19
12
16
3
2
T otal..........................
106
29
124
591
14
234
700
79
395
493
136
Average earnings in half
m onth................. .............. 39.01 66.79 67.95 68.18 52.31 46.96 58.34 64.66 31.00 45.73 49.03
Drivers:
Under $5............... .
$5 and under $10..
$10 and under $15.
$15 and under $20.
$20 and under $25.
$25 and under $30.
$30 and under $35.
$35 and under $40.
$40 and under $45.
$45 and under $50.
$50 and under $55.
$55 and under $60.
$60 and under $65.
$65 and under $70.
$70 and under $75.
2
20
12
8
11
25
12
48
27
33
56
82
118
22
28
32
56
88
55
110
93
162
144
115
135
126
138
143
180
258
313
381
444
476
450
336
341
275
314
205
253
54
86
53
50
31
14
9
2,901
57.19
46
91
83
147
177
282
229
263
346
228
302
278
298
2o7
261
52
T
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
F.— Number of employees in each s;
earnings in half month were within each cl
occupation in each State whose
amount, 1929— Continued
able
Number of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month were
within each classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings in
half month.
Ala-
Colo- Illi
rado nois
Penn- TenIndi Kan- Ken- Ohio syl- nes- Vir West
Vir Total
tucky
ana
vania see ginia ginia
52
109
39
3
4
178
223
in s id e m i n e — continued
Drivers—Continued.
$75 and under $ 8 0 ...
$80 and under $ 9 0 ...
$90 and under $100..
$100 and under $110.
$110 and under $120.
16
8
331
244
45
60
213
676
T otal............................
271
401 1,108
426
Average earnings in half
m onth__________________ 25.85 43.28 70.00 58.29 46.70 35.39 48.47 57.89 31.57 30.69 39.85
Laborers:
Under $5..........................
$5 and under $10..
$10 and under $15..
$15 and under $20$20 and under $25..
$25 and under $30.
$30 and under $35..
$35 and under $40.
$40 and under $45.
$45 and under $50.
$50 and under $55.
$55 and under $60.
$60 and under $65.
$65 and under $70.
$70 and under $75.
$75 and under $80.
$80 and under $90.
$90 and under $100.___
$100 and under $110___
$110 and under $120
$120 and under $140.
$140 and under $160.
54
76
56
80
114
140
182
170
125
76
40
15
28
18
34
13
7
1
1
19
12
13
9
13
7
28
34
59
43
88
21
54
125
112
88
21
2
2
16
21
27
25
54
57
86
336
133
101
88
105
112
169
281
262
199
170
115
73
21
21
12
21
2
1
122
161
197
303
225
165
173
84
73
54
10
3
4
2
302 1,862
T otal............................ 703
122
27 1,229
158
427 2,222
39
751
Average earnings in half
m onth_____________ ____ 30.40 55.76 61.79 60.80 48.41 32.73 48.01 51.56 18.91 32.98 32.74
Loaders, hand:
Under $5........ .................
$5 and under $10...
$10 and under $15..
$15 and under $20..
$20 and under $25..
$25 and under $30..
$30 and under $35..
$35 and under $40..
$40 and under $45..
$45 and under $50..
$50 and under $55..
$55 and under $60..
$60 and under $65..
$65 and under $70..
$70 and under $75..
$75 and under $80..
$80 and under $90..
$90 and under $100.___
$100 and under $110___
$110 and under $120.
$120 and under $140___
$140 and under $160.
$160 and under $180
$180 and under $200.
$200 and under $220.
110
221
251
332
4U3
439
423
315
215
161
71
61
25
19
14
4
5
5
1
1
1
91
106
139
328
163
268
284
370
661
631
1,011
951
700
753
623
1,207
844
359
94
46
4
19
41
42
64
110
221
138
100
121
179
217
187
188
154
164
154
226
137
114
45
10
1
1
1
288
398
550
725
805
755
778
772
720
654
592
489
386
290
221
220
255
103
59
12
6
100
166
245
401
636
702
712
704
646
557
492
393
336
261
219
135
136
67
23
5
6
3
3
316
459
623
879
1,063
1,366
1,624
1,755
1,682
1,655
1,385
1,209
1,017
843
729
570
688
362
149
41
20
4
108
60
45
43
38
21
16
10
6
7
9
3
1
1
1
67
109
98
138
163
222
258
234
203
216
179
137
103
97
66
25
37
17
12
2
6
416
527
567
729
984
1,276
1,507
1,617
1,576
1,465
1,301
1,172
903
821
615
484
639
325
144
83
48
17
3,811
49.52
455
352
293
333
447
512
628
774
743
642
662
502
353
317
315
241
196
54
12
7
3
1
7,842
40.90
1,406
2,184
2,649
3, £29
4,665
5,260
6,818
6,870
5,594
5,608
4,918
4,711
3,962
3,209
2,800
2,235
3,221
1,877
870
285
143
29
6
2
2
3,137
T otal..................... .
9,671 2,634
80 9,080 6,948 18,439 488 2,391 17,216 70,853
Average earnings in half
m <m th .... . . . . . . . . . . . .
28.08 39.62 64.12 57.52 24.19 38.98 40.93 45.14 20.96 39.62 45.06 45.78
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
53
F .— Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose
earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1929— Continued
T a b le
Number of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month were
within each classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings in
half month.
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Penn Ten- Vir- West
Indi- Kan- KenVir- Total
tucky Ohio syl
ginia
vania
ginia
i n s id e m i n e — continued
Miners, hand or pick:
Under $5............. ............
$5 and under $10___
$10 and under $15 ...
$15 and under $20_ _.
$20 and under $ 25 ...
$25 and under $30 _ ..
$30 and under $35._.
$35 and under $ 40 ...
$40 and under $45 ...
$45 and under $ 50 ...
$50 and u nder $ 55 ...
$55 and under $ 6 0 ...
$60 and under $ 6 5 ...
$65 and under $ 70 ...
$70 and under $ 75 ...
$75 and under $ 8 0 ...
$80 and under $ 9 0 ...
$90 and under $100..
$100 and under $110___
$110 and under $120...
$120 and under $140.. _
$140 and under $160___
$160 and under $180___
$180 and under $200___
22
20
34
64
99
121
125
110
99
102
83
68
51
37
26
26
22
14
50
56
87
87
103
89
80
76
87
79
85
56
40
43
33
40
31
9
1
15
20
39
43
55
57
62
118
107
161
186
235
197
216
242
194
239
130
81
52
36
9
19
34
48
80
112
98
115
145
172
158
132
123
80
57
41
64
31
12
4
15
30
60
118
125
167
136
135
101
113
74
57
41
36
21
9
10
3
90
172
204
261
295
446
507
627
690
808
801
823
778
647
493
415
562
315
129
44
13
2
731
3 9,123
Total........................... 1,120 1,150 2,488 1,543 1,252
559
Average earnings in half
m onth................. ................ 40.58 43.08 63.40 48.95 36.16 51.57 53.95 52.91 30.79
Miners, machino (cutters):
Under $5........................ .
$5 and under $10______
$10 and under $15........ .
$15 and under $20........ .
$20 and under $25_____
$25 and under $30........ .
$30 and under $35........ .
$35 and under $40........ .
$40 and under $45_____
$45 and under $50........ .
$50 and under $55........ .
$55 and under $60........ .
$60 and under $65........ .
$65 and under $70........ .
$70 and under $75........ .
$75 and under $80_____
$80 and under $90_____
$90 and under $100___ _
$100 and under $110___
$110 and under $120___
$120 and under $140___
$140 and under $160___
$160 and under $180.
$180 and under $200.
$200 and under $220.
$220 and under $240.
$240 and under $200.
$260 and under $280.
$280 and under $300.
20
37
54
71
99
118
129
157
166
182
156
122
102
90
45
41
51
31
10
10
6
1,697 19,666
45.83
1
50.29
10
11
18
22
6
5
4
7
9
12
33
28
50
47
96
69
196
145
148
119
118
17
4
15
23
28
23
39
52
44
60
93
79
103
106
179
162
134
103
135
55
50
12
11
71
58
84
112
134
179
196
216
221
61
119
99
97
89
314
281
365
344
691
602
550
436
120
111
50
35
13
9
4
2
1,568
128 1,214
Total............................
129
52 1,122
356
8
28
Average earnings in half
m onth____ . . . . . . . . . ____ 64.65 57.17 90.29 92.40 32.56 77.48 73.78 87.67 35.65 78.14 97.77
Motormen:
Under $5............. .
$5 and under $10..
$10 and under $15.
$15 and under $20.
$20 and under $25.
$25 and under $30.
$30 and under $35.
202
393
557
782
947
1,225
1,259
1,448
1,486
1,716
1,609
1,097
1,412
1,202
979
793
1,039
565
259
121
66
8
118
56
32
13
10
2
1
5,937
86.52
64
79
69
72
118
130
164
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
54
F .—Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose
earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1929— Continued
T a b le
N um ber of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month were
within each classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings in
half month
i n s id e m i n e —
Ala Colo Illi
bama rado nois
Penn TenIndi Kan- KenVir- West
tucky Ohio sy l nes- ginia Vir Total
ana
vania
ginia
continu ed
M o tormen—C ontinued.
$35 and under $40___
$40 and under $45___
$45 and under $50___
$50 and under $55___
$55 and under $60___
$60 and under $65----$65 and under $70___
$70 and under $75___
$75 and under $80___
$80 and under $90___
$90 and under $100...
$100 and under $110..
$110 and under $120..
$120 and under $140..
25
67
57
82
85
118
113
118
5
4
12
18
27
24
19
28
40
125
166
48
121
138
62
16
84
93
163
198
212
166
111
79
38
41
12
22
5
14
724
200 1,083
63 | 220 1,532
219
33
555
217
Total..........................
Average earnings in half
m onth................................. 39.27 66.76 82.69 72.33 49.46 52.37 54.00 65.79 32.70 148.93 50.27
Trackmen:
Under $5_____ ________
$5 and under $10___
$10 and under $15...
$15 and under $20...
$20 and under $25...
$25 and under $30...
$30 and under $35...
$35 and under $40- ..
$40 and under $45...
$45 and under $50...
$50 and under $55...
$55 and under $60...
$60 and under $65...
$65 and under $70...
$70 and under $75...
$75 and under $80...
$80 and under $90...
$90 and under $100..
$100 and under $110.
$110 and under $120.
T ota l. ....................
115
58
Average earnings in half
month................................. 41.99 70.47
51
7
7
9
9
4
5
8
9
17
16
12
12
20
24
38
46
10
84
64
98
137
96
31
2
1
691
4,860
58.21
72
74
81
107
92
125
182
288
349
444
440
447
455
372
370
336
288
98
25
8
61 i 227 1,435
4,653
63.49 55.76 47.34 57.33 62.92 29. 34 143.35 47.94
54.47
19
693
49
50
69
92
116
116
98
96
92
27
13
1
893 j
37
26
41
56
98
130
185
161
215
158
77
60
23
25
17
256
322
412
484
485
417
339
328
286
407
295
87
37
9
OUTSIDE WORK
Carpenters and car-repair
men:
Under $5.........................
$5 and under $10.......... .
$10 and under $15........ .
$15 and under $20........ .
$20 and under $25_____
$25 and under $30_____
$30 and under $35_____
$35 and under $40_____
$40 and under $45_____
$45 and under $50_____
$50 and under $55........ .
$55 and under $60........ .
$60 and under $65........ .
$65 and under $70........ .
$70 and under $75........ .
$75 and under $80_____
$80 and under $90........ .
$90 and under $100____
$100 and under $110___
$110 and under $120___
$120 and under $140___
T o t a l.____ _________
81
130
40
5
158
81
56
448
18
412
29
Average earnings in half
m onth.............................. 37.17 64.64 77.24 71.74 51.44 53.38 54.96 59.10 37.77 50.94 54. 35
8
20
13
27
38
45
62
70
108
121
148
151
127
136
114
86
102
50
23
3
6
1,458
56.84
HOURS AND EARNINGS IN BITUMINOUS COAL MINING
55
F . —Number of employees in each specified occupation in each State whose
earnings in half month were within each classified amount, 1929— Continued
T a b le
Number of employees in each occupation whose earnings in half month were
within each classified group
Place of work, occupation,
and classified earnings in
half month
o u t s id e w o r k —
Ala C olo Illi
bama rado nois
Penn TenIndi K a n - Ken
Vir- West
Vir Total
ana
tucky Ohio syl
ginia ginia
vania
continued
Laborers:
Under $5..........................
$5 and under $10____
$10 and under $ 1 5 ...
$15 and under $ 2 0 ...
$20 and under $25—
$25 and under $30___
$30 and under $35___
$35 and under $40___
$40 and under $45___
$45 and under $50___
$50 and under $55—
$55 and under $60. __
$60 and under $65___
$65 and under $70—
$70 and under $75—
$75 and under $80___
$80 and under $90—
$90 and under $100..
$100 and under $110..
$110 and under $120..
$120 and under $140..
14
13
57
37
133
78
68
29
3
21
12
72
12
11
18
57
71
60
90
130
144
117
92
46
37
37
78
14
39
45
42
60
98
144
184
186
178
191
131
105
99
81
59
50
14
88
15
13
8
23
31
54
34
41
71
57
95
102
64
77
39
22
5
1
72
93
102
168
263
331
410
253
236
171
108
89
31
34
16
4
21
13
5
262
423 1,726
438 j 146
22 1,040
161
286 2,541
Total............................
Average earnings in half
m onth................................. 23.57 37.95 63.34 56.80 40.96 38.54 41.15 46.95 19.35 34.90 40.09
156
230
300
336
462
543
794
832
866
645
631
482
363
409
285
204
176
71
31
13
5
7,834
42.78
T a b le G .— Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1929, by place of work, occupation, and State
N um
ber of
em
ploy-
Number of employees whose starts (days on which they worked) in the half month were—
Average
number
of starts
in
m onth
10
11
14
13
12
HOURS
N um
ber
Place of work, occupation, and State
of
mines
15
AND
INSIDE MINE
12
256
37
568
192
12
505
4,854
9.5
170
19
15
35
26
11.0
10.2
10 .6
118
Total__________________
456
2,901
6
56
35
114
12
20
11
4
8
54
19
38
“ 87
7
10
6
4
16
155
204
488
620
88
104
102
117
130
164
175
274
387
10.0
11.1
11.1
10.2
9.8
11.2
10.9
8.8
9.5
12.7
10.5
10.5
7.2
56
33
29
39
50
73
112
183
208
121
14
106
2
12
‘ il4
23
149
4
36
239
98
30
. 3
64
10
8
141
13
12
156
197
8
50
172
57
219
772
10
20
9
44
9
39
12
11
1
78
24
108
3
5
74
1
69
30
83
3
13
11
129
75
34
3
42
30
105
4
23
77
415
417
21
13
116
14
9
119
34
1
53
43
207
50
16
17
2
44
119
645
4
174
30
MINING
114
15
6
10
6
COAL
144
7.6
9.9
8.9
106
79
493
136
14
395
234
700
29
124
591
9.9
7.6
9.2
9.7
27
4
58
31
2
10.2
22
25
39
15
749
188
930
70
246
1,606
Bratticemen and tim ber men:
A labam a............ .................
Colorado__________ ____ _
Illinois_________________ _
Indiana........... .....................
Kansas........ ....................... .
K en tu cky_______ ______ _
Ohio.................. ...................
Pennsylvania.................... .
Tennessee.......................... .
Virginia...............................
W est Virginia___________
Cagers:
Colorado............ .................
Illin ois.—_______________
Indiana_________________
Kansas__________________
K entucky_______________
19
8.8
9.1
10.6
IN BITUMINOUS
Total.................................
17
37
26
5
63
38
128
13
EARNINGS
Brakemen:
Alabam a________________
Colorado________________
Illinois__________________
Indiana........... .....................
Kansas________ ________
K en tu ck y_____ _________
Ohio......................................
Pennsylvania............. ........
Tennessee........ ..................
Virginia.............................. .
W est Virginia___________
gj
O
^
Ohio__________
Pennsylvania..
Tennessee........
Virginia...........
W est Virginia.
42
86
2
6
45
10.3
11.0
(i)
11.5
10.7
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
192
392
10.9
5
4
2 I1
1
3
2
5
2
3
1
0)
1
3
2
12
10
8
25
58
38
33
11
10
40
47
83
3
40
27
23
23
3
58
14
1
5
44
11
1
15
11
2
5
18
57
136
12
2
80
7
5
81
27
6
17
39
163
9
10
U
5
95
29
10
43
41
265
2
59
36
15
38
49
8
30
28
183
7
3
81
39
7
30
42
31
15
30
3
2
31
18
13
13
9
8
49
18
39
88
7
79
1
15
1
3
400
324
478
428
452
585
152
48
12
95
76
U
42
4
118
3
117
77
3
2
45
17
111
24
44
5
173
19
1
101
55
13
24
18
2
2
8
1
109
29
244
136
44
370
14
30
11
2
79
203
89
265
1,155
6
12
7
12
1
43 |
Total_______
282
3,811
9.5
94
80
65
150 |
161
168
18
7
35
17
703
39
751
158
27
1,229
302
1,862
8.9
8.9
10.3
9.8
9.7
8.5
9.8
15
14
16
32
22
1
21
53
2
2
8
17
14
13
15
3
9
15 ‘ “" l o ’
5
5
32
2
67
9
2
112
427
2,222
T otal.............
456
7,842
9.0
Loaders, contract:
A la b a m a .........
K en tu ck y........
Pennsylvania..
Tennessee____
Virginia...........
W est Virginia.
12
22
2
1
208
9.0
221
10.2
12 .1
0)
1 1 .1
21
g
25
18
104
T o t a l...____
65
584
7
214
2
2
1
1
2
2
132
16
192
14
4
179
18
269
4
36
58
91
10
10
21
22
33
60
8
11
135
13
73
17
77
49
9
19
73
75
7
14
113
135
26
144
211
133
32
264
5
54
313
303
233
223
287
287
411
640
653
957
984
892
1
1
5
29
9
7
12
14
19
21
43
35
60
13
23
13
319
468
20
45
1
53
56
1
7
24
155
12
21
8
59
1
0)
0)
5
2
8
58
15
18
13
0)
5
27
4
17
97
1
21
20
0)
0)
1
10.7
9.7
1
2
44 ‘ *"•77 “
4
26
36
84
1
5
10
33
0)
0)
0)
0)
20
1
1
1
48
5
6
6
1
13
17
2
21
7
7
5
33
25
26
41
96
95
104
51
92
3
68
1
8
16
3
1
1
1
1
2
15
16
7
7
1
1
44
16
4
235
101
13
MINING
20
133
1
1
COAL
44
IN BITUMINOUS
1
24
EARNINGS
2
89
AND
2
40
6
14
7
1
2
22
6.5
9.5
7.9
2
12
44
6
10
14
2
2
24
122
2
8
42
6
19
4
14
2
30
13
50
4
2
17
51
1
2
1
29
4
22
5
4
4
23
10
33
10 .1
5
3
7
21
4
16
3
4
60
33
114
13
4
4
3
7
4
12
7
5
1
7
25
21
5
18
8
4
10
1
6
14
8.6
6.6
11.1
9.7
9.3
8.2
9.7
10.1
9.0
9.5
8.9
6
4
4
244
213
426
271
60
331
401
1,108
45
36
676
Laborers:
A labam a_____
C olorado_____
Illinois..... ........
Indiana_______
Kansas.............
K en tu ck y____
Ohio..................
Pennsylvania..
Tennessee.......
V irginia______
W est Virginia.
6
13
1
17
15
22
18
5
29
31
69
6
5
65
1
5
12
2
oo
T otal_______
0
® Drivers:
1
A labam a_____
oo
C olorado..........
0
Illinois_______
1
Indiana_______
I
Kansas_______
I
K en tu ck y........
Ohio..................
Pennsylvania..
Tennessee____
V irginia...........
W est Virginia.
1
2
7
0)
HOURS
22
52
1
2
22
1 D ata included in total.
Crc
T a b le
G.- -Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1929, by place of work, occupation, and State
Continued
N um
ber of
em
ploy-
Number of employees whose starts (days on which they worked) in the half month were—
Average
number
of starts
(days)
in half
month
11
13
91
44
1,456
115
14
inside mine —continued
19
13
30
134
3,137
769
9,671
2,634
80
9,080
6,948
18,439
488
2,391
17,216
475
70,853
21
2
64
41
120
9
22
Loaders, machine:
A labam a..............................
Illinois.............. ....................
Indiana.................... - ..........
K en tu ck y............................
Ohio......................................
Pennsylvania...................... .
Tennessee............................
V ir g in ia .............................. .
W est Virginia..................... .
100
8.2
41
121
53
135
52
79
42
310
56
4.0
2
2
8
8.2
204
92
231
14
51
299
239
127
325
29
61
365
294
233
379
37
61
8.9
9.3
5.9
9.7
9.0
8.9
1,167 I 1,509
203
571
83
64
593
164
51
297
115
5
339
304
1,021
107
73
600
213
71
705
194
3
467
728
869
47
97
3,236
3,076
4,354
143
223
321
259
64
1,080
232
454
108
474
212
493
47
1,386
547
440
78
840
277
180
151
26
1,177
292
1,172
457
1,960
19
185
2,108
1,018
709
2,172
13
275
2,521
995
907
2,432
19
450
2,417
636
472
2,343
16
443
1,679
732
567
2,725
17
394
1, 554
1,217
1,005
1,817
23
138
1,673
1,886
164
6,280
7,745
7,558
9,181
8,781
7,235
8,027
801
66
2
816
621
1,492
64
96
12
521
100
2
0)
0)
24
8.8
10.0
9.2
0)
9.5
0)
11.8
11 .2
28
0)
(\ s
11.5
5.5
10.4
26
10
16
423
17
738
73
41
9
0)
18
12
(0
0)
(0
4
......
17
(1).
14
1
0)
19
1
0)
79
81
0)
109
1
8
42
0)
69
3
44
0)
103
5
54
62
0)
100
0)
100
13
4
5
24
2
15
(0
123
24
MINING
Miners, gang:
A labam a............................. .
Illinois.................................. .
Indiana..................................
K en tu ck y.............................
Ohio.......................................
53
80
9.1
COAL
T otal___ ______ ________
8.2
6.8
IN BITUMINOUS
T otal____________ _______
16
EARNINGS
Loaders, hand:
A labam a........ ..... ............ .
C olorado..............................
Illinois..... .............................
Indiana.................................
Kansas................................. .
K en tu ck y............................ .
Ohio................ ..... ................ .
Pennsylvania.......................
Tennessee............................ .
Virginia.................................
W est Virginia.....................
15
AND
12
00
HOURS
N um
ber
Place of work, occupation, and State
of
mines
Or
Pennsylvania..
Tennessee........
T otal..
33
1,120
37
1,150
2,488
1,543
1,252
731
3
9,123
559
1,697
230
19,666
9.4
12
7
19
1
107
10
9.0
194
325
397
92
146
289
109
103
230
232
186
241
47
91
131
38
435
264
175
115
124
33
103
167
185
194
998
53
152
1,615
98
220
1,305
54
261
1,385
52
187
2,230
3,091
2,427
2,426
2,563
43
123
23
60
146
41
47
35
124
115
79
37
128
114
231
14
322
30
81
22
(0
259
93
118
102
74
57
362
34
381
93
129
52
9.3
6 .1
2
1,122
22
2
356
9.9
9.4
4.5
9.2
117
26
60
41
117
9
623
138
32
21
6.6
11.1
1
177
4
3
5,937
10.0
101
8 .1
18
7.4
4.3
183
115
10.4
4.5
10.7
10.3
765
9.0
10.2
78
204
140
44
91
86
237
539
528
87
79
0)
1,654
1
182
10
35
29
185
113
94
445
1
2
156
25
227
112
42
311
35
752 I
856
642
1,300
190
21
11
51
23
1
112
18
101
121
227
4
•29
57
8.6
1
8
33
40
47
22
30
48
64
604
108 |
108
67
134
2
122
23
MINING
127
456
1
~l95~
18
109
99
4
91
66
162
65
149
98
100
10.3
(0
26
3
10.2
1,568
28
128
1,214
21
50
1,434
759
10
15
68
79
35
342
255
COAL
8.0
144
13
101
50
12
118
17
34
142
49
32
136
in total.
6.8
11.3
9.0
7.3
9.8
0)
9.9
97
40
35
IN BITUMINOUS
*Data included
12
8.5
8
15
14
M iners’ , machine (cutters’), helpers:
Alabam a........................................
Colorado........................................
Kansas............................................
K en tu cky......................................
Pennsylvania................................
Tennessee.......................................
Virginia...........................................
W est Virginia___________ _____
T otal..
9.5
44 I
16
EARNINGS
Total..
1,177
23
29
AKD
Total_.
Miners, machine (cutters):
A labam a........ .................
C olorado..........................
E linois________________
Indiana________________
Kansas..............................
K entucky.........................
Ohio..................................
Pennsylvania..................
Tennessee.........................
Virginia............................
W est Virginia.................
8.9
9.2
HOURS
Miners, hand or pick:
A labam a.................
Colorado..................
Illinois____________
Indiana....................
Kansas................. .
K en tu cky................
O h io _ ......................
Pennsylvania.........
Tennessee................
W est Virginia____
272
27
Cl
CO
T a b le G .— Number of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1929, by place of work, occupation, and State
Continued
219
33
555
217
14
724
9.4
9.6
11.4
10.7
8.9
10.2
10.2
Number of employees whose starts (days on which they worked) in the half month w ere-
2
1
4
3
5
7
6
9
8
15
14
13
12
11
10
16
inside m ine —continued
Total___________________
Track men:
A labam a_______ _________
Colorado_____ ___________
Illinois___________________
Indiana__________________
Kansas-----------------------------
200
1,083
63
22
220
143
1,532
10.6
8.4
11.2
9.8
504
4,860
10.3
20
115
17
31
44
180
75
303
24
32
327
11.8
14.2
12.6
11.6
1,148
12.3
9
13
19
56
35
109
10
11
108
115
58
252
19
2
1
98
6
2
3
5
3
3
4
1
12
2
7
6
2
5
8
2
5
3
48
4
31
1
1
1
33
43
66
61
83
2
12.8
12.7
2
1
12.2
4
2
13.0
13.3
9.3
1
2
14
2
1
1
6
20
1
10.0
10.4
10.9
10.4
11.1
10
2
6
2
1
9
3
3
4
4
67
4
3
4
5
9
26
22
42
1
6
6
2
19
4
32
14
3
30
14
1
7
7
53
30
87
31
3
92
1
2
1
1
31
16
3
1
1
2
4
107
15
171
213
328
372
556
772
669
1,060
186
94
1
2
3
7
20
17
46
1
2
1
1
1
6
1
2
1
5
4
15
7
25
2
1
2
3
30
9
3
14
17
41
25
115
3
17
12
88
18
82
327
64
3
25
18
2
118
1
2
28 " '* 3 9 '
11
23
29
40
11
9
5
3
38
66
147
48~
14
103
71
12
106
108
18
116
1
53
176
2
11
6
1
45
27
21
37
176
8
4
4
1
1
2
2
1
8
2
2
12
1
1
10
1
1
1
3
3
3
4
9
23
40
4
24
16
10
12
27
38
53
100
104
252
3
8
2
11
20
2
5
3
25
11
40
15
4
60
2
122
6
1
12
2
24
14
82
42
1
2
1
1
13
5
12
18
13
2
1
8
2
1
4
2
6
9
10
15
5
3
2
3
8
6
1
5
3
51
17
3
4
3
17
16
3
20
2
2
1
24
141
29
289
5
69
306
22
5
7
57
17
48
4
9
57
5
1
1
1
35
16
5
79
5
3
14
3
30
1
1
2
1
4
18
4
168
30
73
40
3
130
16
138
4
41
274
4
1
47
19
10
2
17
46
3
20
11
158
39
5
22
29
5
20
2
5
5
1
10
8
9
29
1
7
67
11
2
1 __
MINING
Total..................................
8
COAL
Pum p men:
Alabam a...............................
Colorado..............................
Illinois..................................
Indiana....... .........................
K en tu cky.............................
O h io .....................................
Pennsylvania______ ______
Tennessee........ ...................
Virginia................................
West Virginia____________
16
37
28
5
63
41
128
13
IN BITUMINOUS
M otorm en:
A labam a_________________
Colorado_________________
Illinois__________________ _
Indiana. _
_____ _____..
Kansas_______ ______ ____
K en tu cky________________
Ohio_____________________
Pennsylvania____________
Tennessee____ ___________
V irg in ia ................................
West Virginia____________
EARNINGS
Average
number
of starts
(days)
in half
month
AND
N um
ber of
employ-
HOURS
N um
ber
Place of work, occupation, and State
of
mines
©
Total..
Total..
K entucky_____
O hio.................. .
Pennsylvania...
Tennessee_____
Virginia............ .
W est Virginia..
2
2
10.8
3
9.9
66
4
36
4,653
10.4
92
74
11
32
7.6
4
20
12
88
1
1
10.4
16
38
1
1
26
27
72
114
34
33
33
176
22
632
—....... -
20
6
12
60
----- -------
6.6
8 .2
0)
9.0
9.4
9.7
8.4
10 .1
9.8
-
16
37
29
410
120
9.9
9.1
1
3
1
1
1
6
6
1 1 .2
139
1,882
63
239
1,669
10.4
9
7
7
62
618
6,814
10.7
116
39
10.7
10.9
12.9
11.3
1
1 1 .2
15
16
24
4
5
43
40
15
17
4
1
6
33
36
32
8
9
8
12
55
66
116
159
94
77
114
160
.. — .... — ...... - —
179
244
369
527
.
681
=-•■
1
4
3
3
1
6
.
..... ...... ~ ~
2
6
3
1
1
2
6
3
10
6
2
4
1
1
2
1
4
9
4
13
— -=
20
4
9
9.6
7.8
2
8
21
6
22
6
1
19
11
2
3
13
38
1
2
7
7
3
10
2
6
2
4
3
4
6
2
2
2
6
3
9
26
=
34
6
8
7
16
3
4
6
12
5
26
8
1
21
22
7
4
14
3
56
4
34
3
2
2
1
39
5
28
5
36
127
160
163
1
1
83
3
11
11
22
20
17
130
7
2
14
2
1
8
6
101
10
72
5
1
1
2
8
=
76
8
49
6
9
16
6 ___ ___
5
2
34
36
86
=
40
3
19
4
1
1
32
= ==== =
19
8
81
15
6
35
3
45
4
8
57
1
1
116
27
104
7
30
234
5
90
26
155
21
20
12
22
242
47
13
8
1
1
46
164
74
324
13
49
1
1
18
14
677
1,000
230
107
38
6
11
3
5
27
4
7
9
5
0)
7
7
11
8
22
6
1
2
1
11
29
24
75
80
12
35
=== = =
5
5
9
1
10
13
5
1
2
5
83
74
108
29
87
38
14
113
29
51
19
244
58
g
191
9
3
93
g
4
113
21
22
2
1
=
10
8
71
19
75
35
5
162
142
11
74
29
6
78
7
125
10
12
176
187
2
8
56
5
79
8
13
76
13
150
274
414
432
2
1
2
15
25
86
110
1
21
1
8
9
35
29
2
5
1
2
3
5
39
7
19
4
51
13
.
105
2
32
266
72
18
205
4
42
179
722
844
716
1
3
3
1
6
11
2
6
2
1
21
8
68
661
6
86
4
37
33
151
3
17
13
19
17
68
6
1
487
16
79
5
46
18
1,879
447
300
61
1
1
22
4
6
2
OUTSIDB MINS
Blacksmiths:
Alabama________________.
C o lo r a d o .._______________
Illinois___________________
Indiana_______ ____. . . . . . . _____
K a n s a s .........................
K entucky_____________________
Ohio......................................
1Data included in total.
22
16
37
29
8
63
40
20
87
41
9
90
68
1
1
2
3
3
3
1
2
1
2
11
12.6
10.9
11.3
1
1
1
4
1
5
1
1
1
7
6
9
5
13
5
7
2
8
4
9
4
11
28
4
g
7
1
20
g
U
6
g
5
MINING
11.9
10
20
7
6
220
10.2
27
3
7
4
1 1 .1
11.0
8
10
1
1
1,041
267
49
874
64
39
136
■
1
200
633
9.4
10
—------- = = = = = = = = = = = - - 22
4
COAL
Total..
12
2
10.9
8.4
IN BITUMINOUS
Other employees:
Alabam a........ .
C olorado_____
Illinois_______
Indiana_____ _
16
......
4
144
9.7
1 1 .1
EARNINGS
K en tu cky_____
Ohio.................. .
Pennsylvania...
Tennessee_____
Virginia.............
W est V irginia..
693
204
898
61
227
1,436
AND
Trappers (boys):
A labam a______
Colorado______
Illinois_______*
Indiana_______
64
41
136
15
HOURS
K en tu cky.
O h io.
Pennsylvania___________
Tennessee__________ ____
Virginia_________________
W est Virginia___________
T a b l e G . —'Number
of employees making each specified number of starts (days) in half month, 1929, by place of work, occupation, and State—
Continued
Average
number
of starts
(days)
in half
month
223
17
11.4
Number of employees whose starts (days on which they worked) in the half m onth were—
10
11
12
13
14
AND
N um
ber of
em
ploy-
to
JIOURS
N um
ber
Place of work, occupation, and State
of
mines
05
outside mine —continued
128
14
21
139
Total.....................................
516
81
18
130
40
5
158
81
412
29
56
448
10.3
9.6
12.3
12.1
7.2
10.7
10.9
10.8
10.4
12.1
10.5
1, 458
10.8
39
43
123
55
10.4
9.7
14.9
13.2
12.7
12.3
14.3
13.0
7.0
11
47
35
ISO
6
6
12.3
87
76
41
217
eo
51
12
117
10
26
128
24
17
25
43
33
52
75
77
153
205
164
414
99
fO
2
18
MINING
16
11.3
COAL
Engineers:
Alabam a................................ .
Colorado................................ .
Illinois................................... .
Indiana....................................
Kansas.......................- .......... .
K entucky................................
O hio.................................... .
Pennsylvania.........................
Tennessee................................
V irginia-.................................
2
58
36
120
12
19
139
10.8
BITUMINOUS
Total....................................
35
21
22
9.4
12.6
IN
Carpenters and car-repair men:
A labam a................................ .
Colorado................................ .
Illinois......... ........................... .
Indiana..................................
Kansas------------------------------K entucky.............................. .
Ohio........... ............................ .
Pennsylvania........................ .
Tennessee.........................—
Virginia.................................. .
W est Virginia...................... .
EARNINGS
Blacksmiths—C ontinued
Pennsylvania....................
Tennessee.............................. .
Virginia.............................. . . .
W est Virginia____ ________
97
12.0
313
652
12.8
438
146
789
262
9.2
7.1
11.1
10.3
9.1
9.6
9.5
10.2
7.1
T otal............
T otal............
527
7,834
10.0
22
222
16
37
16
8
10.4
9.8
12.3
22
164
358
45
32
317
205
1,498
48
132
140
1,12 1
22
ei
40
131
13
506
4,143
12
11
11.0
10.0
125
170
162
272
91
49
123
6
11
122
2
100
32
170
6
6
184
375
273
117
33
171
n i
201
33
31
9
151
24
56
5
161
54
3
234
54
438
4
4
62
19
2
307
56
181
13
40
458
80
28
198
31
76
245
827
1, 090
875
1 , 682
35
50
13
30
24
9
34
50
30
92
15
25
95
68
504
13
61
370
11
10
12.6
10.0
10.7
12.5
11.2
10.2
12.3
10.6
11
49
8
1
46
8
118
135
9
3
78
40
14
134
6
16
150
331 I
462
367
1
57
66
92
79
130
204
222
11
20
94
’ 12 '
41
64
2
38
23
5
3
11
54
1
1
102
573 ‘
8
198
34
40
276
220
58
10
82
9
4
13
24
110
5
10
25
112
1
13
9
2
16
35
7
64
246
330
34
COAL
MINING
63
142
41
133
15
2
13
12
37
39
18
47
18
10
28
18
53
19
74
27
IN BITUMINOUS
Other employees:
Alabam a.........
Colorado.........
Illinois_______
Indiana______
Kansas............
K en tu ck y___
O h io................
Pennsylvania.
Tennessee___
V irginia_____
W est Virginia
22
1,040
423
1,726
161
286
2,541
23
14
EARNINGS
Laborers:
Alabam a.........
Colorado_____
Illinois............
Indiana...........
Kansas............
K en tu cky___
Ohio.................
Pennsylvania.
Tennessee___
Virginia_____
W est Virginia.
13
AND
59
Total.............
HOURS
W est Virginia.
LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
The following is a list o f all bulletins o f the Bureau o f Labor Statistics published since
July, 1912, except that in the case o f bulletins giving the results o f periodic surveys o f the
bureau only the latest bulletin on any one subject is here listed
A complete list o f the reports and bulletins issued prior to July, 1912, as well as the bulletins
published since that date, will be furnished on application Bulletins marked thus(*) are
out o f print.
.
.
Conciliation and Arbitration (Including strikes and lockouts).
♦No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades of Greater N ew York. [1913.]
*No. 133. Report of the industrial council of the British Board of Trade on its inquiry into industrial
agreements. [1913.]
N o. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.]
♦No. 144. Industrial court of the cloak, suit, and skirt industry of N ew York City. [1914.]
•No. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dress and waist industry of N ew Y ork City.
[1914.]
♦No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite-coal industry. [1916.]
♦No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’s clothing industry. [1916.]
N o. 233. Operation of the industrial disputes investigation act of Canada. [1918.]
N o. 255. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.]
N o. 283. History of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919.
N o. 287. National W ar Labor Board: History of its formation, activities, etc. [1921.]
♦No. 303. Use of Federal power in settlement of railway labor disputes. [1922.]
N o. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry of N ew York City. [1923.]
N o. 402. Collective bargaining b y actors. [1926.]
N o. 468. Trade agreements, 1927.
N o. 481. Joint industrial control in the book and job printing industry. [1928.]
Cooperation.
No. 313. Consumers’ cooperative societies in the United States in 1920.
N o. 314. Cooperative credit societies (credit unions) in America and in foreign countries.
N o. 437. Cooperative movement in the United States in 1925 (other than agricultural).
[1922.]
Employment and Unemployment.
♦No.
N o.
♦No.
♦No.
N o.
109.
172.
183.
195.
196.
♦No. 202.
No. 206.
•No. 227.
N o.
♦No.
N o.
♦No.
N o.
235.
241.
247.
310.
409.
Statistics of unemployment and the work of employment offices. [1913.]
Unemployment in New York City, N . Y . [1915.]
Regularity of employment in the wom en’s ready-to-wear garment industries. [1915.]
Unemployment in the United States. [1916.]
Proceedings of the Employment Managers’ Conference held at Minneapolis, M inn., January
19 and 20,1916.
Proceedings of the conference of Employment Managers’ Association of Boston, Mass.,
held M a y 10,1916.
The British system of labor exchanges. [1916.]
Proceedings of the Employment Managers' Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3,
1917.
Employment system of the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1918.]
Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.]
Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N . Y ., M a y 9*11,1918.
Industrial unemployment: A statistical study of its extent and causes. [1922.]
Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925.
Foreign Labor Laws.
♦No. 142. Administration of labor laws and factory inspection in certain European countries.
N o. 494. Labor legislation of Uruguay. [1929.]
No. 5K). Labor legislation of Argentina. [1930.]
[1914.]
Housing*
♦No.
N o.
No.
N o.
158.
263.
295.
500.
Government aid to home owning and housing of working people in foreign countries.
Housing b y employers in the United States. [1920.]
Building operations in representative cities in 1920.
Building permits in the principal cities of the United States in [1921 to] 1928.
(i)
[1914.]
Industrial Accidents and Hygiene.
♦No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain enameled sanitary ware factories.
[1912.]
N o. 120. Hygiene of painters’ trade. [1913.]
♦No. 127. Dangers to workers from dust and fumes, and methods of protection. [1913.]
♦No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining of lead. [1914.]
♦No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.]
♦No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture of storage batteries. [1914.]
♦No. 179. Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915.]
N o. 188. Report of British departmental committee on the danger in the use of lead in the painting
of buildings. [1916.]
♦No. 201. Report of the committee on statistics and compensation insurance cost of the International
Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions. [1916.]
♦No. 209. Hygiene of the printing trades. [1917.]
♦No. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the manufacture of explosives. [1917.]
N o. 221 . Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.]
No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.]
♦No. 231. M ortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.]
♦No. 234. Safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917.
N o. 236. Effects of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. [1918.]
N o. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report of British Health of M unition Workers*
Committee. [1919.]
N o. 251 Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.]
No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.]
N o. 267. Anthrax as an occupational disease. [1920.]
N o. 276. Standardization of industrial accident statistics. [1920.]
No. 280. Industrial poisoning in making coal-tar dyes and dye-intermediates. [1921.]
♦No. 291. Carbon-monoxide poisoning. [1921.]
N o. 293. The problem of dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.]
N o. 298. Causes and prevention of accidents in the iron and steel industry, 1910-1919.
N o 306. Occupational hazard and diagnostic signs: A guide to impairments to be looked for in haz
ardous occupations. [1922.]
N o. 392. Survey of hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.]
N o. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture of fireworks and in the preparation of phosphorus.
[1926.]
N o. 427. Health survey of the printing trades, 1922 to 1925.
N o. 428. Proceedings of the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at Washington, D . O.,
July 14-16, 1926.
N o. 460. A new test for industrial lead poisoning. [1928.]
N o. 466. Settlement for accidents to American seamen. [1928.]
N o. 488. Deaths from lead poisoning, 1925-1927.
N o. 490. Statistics of industrial accidents in the United States to the end of 1927.
N o. 507. Causes of death b y occupation. [1929.]
Industrial Relations and Labor Conditions.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
No.
237.
340.
349.
361.
380.
383.
384.
399.
Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.]
Chinese migrations, with special reference to labor conditions. [1923.]
Industrial relations in the West Coast lumber industry. [1923.]
Labor relations in the Fairmont (W . Va.) bituminous-coal field. [1924.]
Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.]
Works council movement in Germany. [1925.]
Labor conditions in the shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920-1924.
Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States.
[1925.]
Labor Laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating to labor).
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
211 . Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States.
229.
285.
321.
322.
343.
370.
408.
444.
486.
[1917.]
Wage-payment legislation in the United States. [1917.]
Minimum-wage laws of the United States: Construction and operation. [1921.]
Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.]
Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. [1923.]
Laws providing for bureaus of labor statistics, etc. [1923.]
Labor laws of the United States, with decisions of courts relating thereto. [1925.]
Laws relating to payment of wages. [1926.]
Decisions of courts and opinions affecting labor, 192&
Labor legislation of 1928.
(n)
Proceedings of Annual Conventions of the Association of Governmental Labor Officials of the tJnited
States and Canada. (Name changed in 1928 to Association of Governmental Officials in Industry of the
United States and Canada.)
No.
N o.
N o.
*No.
♦No.
♦No.
N o.
*No.
N o.
N o.
266.
307.
323.
352.
389.
411.
429.
455.
480.
508.
Seventh, Seattle, Wash., July 12-15, 1920.
Eighth, New Orleans, La., M ay 2-6,1921.
Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., M ay 22-26, 1922.
Tenth, Richmond, Va., M ay 1-4, 1923.
Eleventh, Chicago, 111., M a y 19-23, 1924.
Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15, 1925.
Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926.
Fourteenth, Paterson, N . J., M ay 31 to June 3,1927.
Fifteenth, N ew Orleans, La., M a y 21-24, 1928.
Sixteenth, Toronto, Canada, June 4r-7, 1929.
Proceedings o f Annual Meetings of the International Association of Industrial Accident Boards and
Commissions.
No.
No.
No.
♦No.
N o.
No.
No.
•No.
N o.
N o.
No.
N o.
♦No.
N o.
No.
210.
248.
264.
273.
281.
304.
333.
359.
385.
395.
406.
432.
456.
485.
511.
Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28, 1916.
Fourth, Boston, Mass., August 21-25,1917.
Fifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27, 1918.
Sixth, Toronto, Canada, September 23-26, 1919.
Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24, 1920.
Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 19-23, 1921.
Ninth, Baltimore, M d., October 9-13, 1922.
Tenth, St. Paul, M inn., September 24-26, 1923.
Eleventh, Halifax, N ova Scotia, August 26-28, 1924.
Index to proceedings, 1914-1924.
Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20,1925.
Thirteenth, Hartford, Conn., September 14-17, 1928.
Fourteenth, Atlanta, Ga., September 27-29, 1927.
Fifteenth, Paterson, N . J., September 11-14, 1928.
Sixteenth, Buffalo, N . Y ., October 8-11, 1929. (In press.)
Proceedings of Annual Meetings of the International Association of Public Employment Services.
No. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20,1913; second, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25,1914;
third, Detroit, July 1 and 2,1915.
No. 220. Fourth, Buffalo, N . Y ., July 20 and 21, 1916.
No. 311. Ninth, Buffalo, N . Y ., September 7-9, 1921.
No. 337. Tenth, Washington, D . C., September 11-13,1922.
No. 355. Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4-7, 1923.
No. 400. Twelfth, Chicago, 111., M ay 19-23, 1924.
No. 414. Thirteenth, Rochester, N. Y ., September 15-17, 1925.
No. 478. Fifteenth, Detroit, M ich., October 25-28, 1927.
No. 501. Sixteenth, Cleveland, Ohio, September 18-21, 1928.
Productivity of Labor.
No.
N o.
N o.
N o.
No.
No.
No.
356.
360.
407.
412.
441.
474.
475.
Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
Tim e and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.
Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board industry. [1926.]
Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
Productivity of labor in the glass industry. [1927.]
Productivity of labor in merchant blast furnances. [1928.]
Productivity of labor in newspaper printing. [1929.]
Retail Prices and Cost of Living.
♦No.
♦No.
♦No.
N o.
N o.
N o.
N o.
121.
130.
164.
170.
357.
369.
495.
Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. [1913.]
Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.]
Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.]
Foreign food prices as affected b y the war. [1915.]
Cost of living in the United States. [1924.]
The use of cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.]
Retail prices, 1890 to 1927.
Safety Codes.
♦No. 331. Code of lighting: Factories, mills, and other work places.
N o. 336. Safety code for the protection of industrial workers in foundries.
N o. 350. Specifications of laboratory tests for approval of electric headlighting devices for motor
vehicles.
•No. 351. Safety code for the construction, care, and use of ladders.
No. 375. Safety code for laundry machinery and operations.
No. 378. Safety code for woodworking plants.
(in)
Safety Codes—Continued.
N o. 382. Code of lighting school buildings.
No. 410. Safety code for paper and pulp mills.
N o. 430. Safety code for power presses and foot and hand presses.
N o. 433. Safety codes for the prevention of dust explosions.
N o. 436. Safety code for the use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels.
N o. 447. Safety code for rubber mills and calenders.
N o. 451. Safety code for forging and hot-metal stamping.
N o. 463. Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus—first revision.
N o. 609. Textile safety code.
N o. 612. Code for identification of gas mask canisters.
Vocational and Workers* Education.
* N o. 159. Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment. [1915.1
•No. 162. Vocational education survey of Richmond, Va. [1915.]
♦No. 199. Vocational education survey of Minneapolis, M inn. [1917.]
N o. 271. Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States. [1920.)
No. 459. Apprenticeship in building construction. [1928.]
Wages and Hours of Labor.
*No. 146. Wages and regularity of employment and standardization of piece rates in the dress and waist
industry of New York City. [1914.]
♦No. 147. Wages and regularity of employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.]
N o. 161. Wages and hours of labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913.
N o. 163. Wages and hours of labor in the building and repairing of steam railroad cars, 1907 to 1913.
♦No. 190. Wages and hours of labor in the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to 1914.
N o. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.]
N o. 225. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture industries, 1915.
N o. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries in the United States, 1919.
N o. 297. Wages and hours of labor in the petroleum industry, 1920.
N o. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
No. 358. Wages and hours of labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923.
N o. 360. Tim e and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.
N o. 365. Wages and hours of labor in the paper and pulp industry, 1923.
N o. 394. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mines, 1924.
N o. 407. Labor costs of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board industry.
[1926.]
N o. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
N o. 416. Hours and earnings in anthractite and bituminous coal mining, 1922 and 1924.
N o. 442. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1926.
N o. 454. Hours and earnings in bituminous-coal mining, 1922, 1924, and 1926.
N o. 471. Wages and hours of labor in foundries and machine shops, 1927.
N o. 472. Wages and hours of labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1927.
N o. 476. Union scales of wages and hours of labor, 1927. [Supplement to Bulletin 457.]
No. 482. Union scales of wages and hours of labor, M a y 15, 1928.
N o. 484. Wages and hours of labor of common street laborers, 1928.
N o. 487. Wages and hours of labor in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1928.
N o. 492. Wages and hours of labor in cotton-goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1928.
N o. 497. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1928.
No. 498. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1910 to 1928.
N o. 499. History of wages in the United States from colonial times to 1928.
N o. 502. Wages and hours of labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1928.
N o. 503. Wages and hours of labor in the'm en’s clothing industry, 1911 to 1928.
N o. 504. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industries, 1907 to 1928.
N o. 513. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1929.
N o. 514. Pennsylvania Railroad wage data. From Report of Joint Fact Finding Committee in wage
negotiations in 1927. (In press.)
N o. 515. Union scales of wages, M a y 15, 1929. (In press.)
Welfare Work.
♦No.
N o.
♦No.
N o.
123. Employer’s welfare work.
[1913.]
222. Welfare work in British munitions factories.
[1917.]
250. Welfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States.
458. Health and recreation activities in industrial establishments, 1926.
[1919.
Wholesale Prices.
N o. 284. Index number of wholesale prices in the United States and foreign countries.
N o. 453. Revised index numbers of wholesale prices, 1923 to July, 1927.
N o. 493. Wholesale prices, 1913 to 1928.
(IV)
[1921.]
Women and Children in Industry.
N o. 116. Hours, earnings, and duration of employment of wage-earning women in selected industries
in the District of Columbia. [1913.]
•No. 117. Prohibition of night work of young persons. [1913.]
•No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.]
N o. 119. W orking hours of women in the pea canneries o f Wisconsin. [1913.]
•No. 122. Employment of women in power laundries in Milwaukee. [1913.]
•No. 160. Hours, earnings, and conditions of labor of wom en in Indiana mercantile establishments
and garment factories. [1914.]
•No. 167. Minimum-wage legislation in the United States and foreign countries. [1915.]
♦No. 175. Summary of the report on conditions of women and child wage earners in the United States.
[1915.]
•No. 176. Effect of minimum-wage determinations in Oregon. [1915.]
•No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for wonem. [1915.]
•No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores of Boston, Mass.
[1916.]
N o. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for wom en in Massachusetts. [1916.]
N o. 215. Industrial experience of trade-school girls in Massachusetts. [1917.]
•No. 217. Effect of workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity o f industrial em ploy
ment of women and children. [1918.]
•No. 223. Em ploym ent of women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.]
N o. 253. W omen in the lead industries. [1919.]
Workmen’s Insurance and Compensation (including laws relating thereto).
♦No. 101.
•No. 102.
N o. 103.
N o. 107.
•No. 155.
•No. 212.
•No. 243.
N o. 301.
N o. 312.
N o. 379.
N o. 477.
N o. 496.
Care of tuberculous wage earners in Germany. [1912.]
British national insurance act, 1911.
Sickness and accident insurance law in Switzerland. [1912.]
Law relating to insurance of salaried employees in Germany. [1913.]
Compensation for accidents to employees of the United States. [1914.]
Proceedings of the conference of social insurance called b y the International Association of
Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Washington, D . C ., December 5-9,1916.
W orkm en’s compensation legislation in the United States and foreign countries, 1917 and
1918.
Comparison of workmen’s compensation insurance and administration. [1922.]
National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1921.
Comparison of workmen’s compensation laws o f the United States as o f January 1,1925.
Public-service retirement systems, United States and Europe. [1929.]
W orkm en’s compensation legislation of the United States and Canada as o f January, 1929.
(W ith text of legislation enacted in 1927 and 1928.)
Miscellaneous series.
•No. 174. Subject index of the publications of the United States Bureau o f Labor Statistics up to
M a y 1,1915.
N o. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.]
N o. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917.
N o. 254. International labor legislation and the society of nations. [1919.]
N o. 268. Historical survey of international action affecting labor. [1920.]
N o. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in Washington, D . C . [1921.]
N o. 299. Personal research agencies: A guide to organized research in employment management,
industrial relations, training, and working conditions. [1921.]
N o. 319. The Bureau of Labor Statistics: Its history, activities, and organization. [1922.]
N o. 326. Methods of procuring and computing statistical information of the Bureau of Labor Sta
tistics. [1923.]
N o. 342. International Seamen’s Union of America: A study of its history and problems. [1923.]
N o. 346. H um anity in government. [1923.]
N o. 372. C onvict labor in 1923.
N o. 386. Cost of American almshouses. [1925.]
N o. 398. Growth of legal-aid work in the United States. [1926.]
N o. 401. Fam ily allowances in foreign countries. [1926.]
N o. 461. Labor organization in Chile. [1928.]
N o. 462. Park recreation areas in the United States. [1928.]
N o. 465. Beneficial activities of American trade-unions. [1928.]
N o. 479. Activities and functions of a State department of labor. [1928.]
N o. 483. Conditions in the shoe industry in Haverhill, Mass., 1928.
N o. 489. Care of aged persons in United States. [1929.]
N o. 491. H andbook of labor statistics, 1929 edition.
N o. 505. Directory of homes for the aged in the United States. [1929.]
N o. 506. H andbook of American trade-unions: 1929 edition.
(V)
@FedFRASER