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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR
W. N. DOAK, Secretary
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
CHARLES E- BALDWIN, Actinr Commit.lon.r
BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES \
BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS/
WAGES
AND
HOURS
OF
LABOR
C7C
* WO. D l D
’
SERIES
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR
IN AIR TRANSPORTATION, 1931
JANUARY, 1933
UNITED STATES
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON: 1933
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C.
-
-
-
-
Price 5 cents
CONTENTS
Page
Introduction________________________________________ ________ ________
Hours and earnings of pilots, 1931, by district__________________________
Days, hours, and earnings of copilots, 1931, by district-------------------------Basic salaries of pilots and copilots, October, 1931______________________
Earnings of pilots and copilots, October, 1931, by district_______________
Distribution of pilots by classified flight-hours in month________________
Days, hours, and earnings of ground personnel, by occupation__________
Classified earnings per hour:
Pilots, copilots, and ground personnel______________________________
Ground personnel, by occupation__________________________________
Classified full-time hours per week, 1931, of ground personnel, by occupa
tion________________________________________________________________
Changes in wage rates, July 1, 1930, to October 1, 1931_________________
Bonus systems________________________________________________________
Progress in civil aeronautics___________________________________________
General tables_________________________________________________________
T a b l e A.— Average number of days on which employees worked in
one week, average full-time and credited hours and earnings per
week, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, ground personnel
only, by occupation and district_________________________________
T a b l e B.— Average and classified earnings per hour, 1931, ground
personnel only, by occupation and district_______________________
T a b l e C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week, 1931,
ground personnel only, by occupation and district________________
T a b l e D.— Average and classified actual earnings in one week, 1931,
ground personnel only, by occupation and district________________
A p p e n d ix . — Air transportation occupational terms, definitions, and
classification by Bureau of Labor Statistics___________________________
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34
BULLETIN OF THE
U.S.BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
No. 575
WASHINGTON
January, 1933
WAGES AND HOURS OF LABOR IN AIR TRANSPORTATION, 1931
This bulletin presents the results of a study by the Bureau of Labor
Statistics of hours and earnings of commercial air-transportation
employees in the United States in October, 1931. The study was
limited to pilots and copilots operating heavier-than-air machines on
scheduled mail and passenger routes in continental United States,
and to the ground personnel used in the operation and repair of such
machines; it covered approximately 95 per cent of such workers, 3,509
males and 88 females employed by 26 transportation companies serving
138 cities in 40 States and the District of Columbia. Employees
engaged in the operation of sight-seeing, crop dusting, mapping and
surveying, and flying-instruction machines were not included.
While the average full-time flight hours of pilots are fixed by the
Department of Commerce at a maximum of 110 per month, the study
showed that the hours actually flown in October, 1931, averaged
only 80.4.
The actual earnings of pilots during the month averaged $569.49
and those of copilots $227.89. Those of all other employees com
bined averaged $31.66 per week.
Average hours and earnings are shown by districts in Table 1 for
pilots, in Table 2 for copilots, and in Table A for each of the other
important occupations in commercial transportation and also for a
group, designated as “ Other employees/7 including occupations
having too few employees to warrant separate occupational tabula
tion. The wage figures are shown by districts, instead of by States or
cities, in order to avoid showing averages for one company and thus
possibly revealing its identity. The States included in each of the
geographic districts shown are as follows:
North Atlantic.— Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania.
South Atlantic.— Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Virginia, and the District of Columbia.
East North Central.— Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin.
South Central.— Alabama, Arkansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi,
Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Texas.
West North Central.— Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, and
North Dakota.
Western.— Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico,
Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.
It is the policy of the bureau, whenever possible, to bring wage
figures to a common basis of one week when the pay periods of the
different companies are for varying lengths of time. Weather condi
tions are a great factor in flight activities. It was found that all
planes of a company on one route might be kept from flight for an
entire week while those on another route of that company during
1
2
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
the same week would be operated every day of the week as scheduled.
Consequently, wage figures for the flight personnel (pilots and co
pilots) were collected by the bureau for the entire month of October,
1931, for each company covered in the study. Wage figures for the
ground personnel of each company were collected for a whole pay
period in October and then converted to a weekly basis in order that
the hours and earnings of such employees might be as nearly as pos
sible comparable with those of other industries for which figures are
published by the bureau.
Each transport company maintains at large terminal and inter
mediate airports a force of employees ranging from a few operation
mechanics and radio operators and repairers to a large organization
including all the occupations for which wage figures are shown in
this report. As many as six or seven companies may each maintain
a force of employees at large terminal airports; in such cases each
force was counted a “ local unit. ”
Hours and Earnings of Pilots, 1931, by District
Pilots must possess a high degree of skill and resourcefulness and
considerable intelligence and experience. Each one must have a
United States Department of Commerce transport license, rating him
according to his experience on various weights and types of aircraft.
From the time he steps into the plane until he leaves it, the pilot has
complete command. He operates the controls of the plane at all
times during its flight, unless he has a copilot to relieve him; a great
majority of the pilots, however, are not accompanied by copilots.
Full-time flight hours of pilots are regulated by the United States
Department of Commerce. A pilot employed in interstate passenger
air transport service shall not be on flight duty more than 110 hours
in any one month, nor 30 hours in any 7-day period, nor 8 hours in
any 24-hour period. He must also be granted a rest period of at
least 24 consecutive hours within each 7-day period. Certain
latitude, however, is allowed when necessary for reasonable schedules.
Although the maximum flight-hours are 110 per month, the hours
actually flown during the month studied averaged only 80.4. The
average in the various districts ranged from 76.2 in the Western
district to 86.7 in the South Central district. The proportion o£
full time that was actually flown ranged from 69.3 per cent in the
Western to 78.8 per cent in the South Central district. The per
cent for all districts combined was 73.1, thus showing 26.9 per cent
of lost time during the month.
Average actual earnings in one month ranged from $482.45 for the
South Central to $617. 84 for the South Atlantic district, and for all
districts combined were $569.49.
Average earnings per flight-hour ranged from $5,565 for the South
Central to $8,066 for the Western district; for all districts combined
they were $7,084.
At full time (110 hours per month), with the hourly earnings shown
above— $7.084— these employees would have earned $779.19. In
the various districts average full-time earnings would have ranged
from $612.17 for the South Central to $887.28 for the Western district.
In a small number of companies the pilots are paid a monthly salary
regardless of the number of hours flown during the month. In the
3
HOURS AND EARNINGS OS' PILOTS, 1931
majority of companies, however, the pilots receive a monthly salary
plus a specified rate for each mile flown. The mileage rate for night
flying is generally higher than that for day flying (in some companies
twice as high). The rates also vary according to the terrain of the
route. Actual figures showing monthly salaries and mileage rates
separately could not be published, however, without the possibility
of revealing the identity of some of the companies.
T a b l e 1.— Average hours and earnings of pilots and per cent of full time flown in
one month, 1981, by district
District
Num
ber of
local
units
Hours actually
flown in one
Aver
month
age full
Average Average Average
Num time
actual
earnings full-time
ber of flightearnings
flight- earnings
pilots hours Aver
Per per
per
in one
hour
*
age
month month *
per
cent of
month i num
full
ber 2
time
North Atlantic........................ .
East North Central..... .............
West North Central..................
South Atlantic.........................
South Central............................
Western......................................
12
24
12
10
16
24
46
123
81
45
53
112
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
110.0
84.1
79.4
78.4
85.8
86.7
76.2
76.5
72.2
71.3
78.0
78.8
69.3
$7,284
6.929
6.906
7.199
5.565
8.066
$801.19
762.22
759.65
791.89
612.17
887.28
$612.87
550.22
541.47
617.84
482.45
614.86
T ota l--.............................
98
460
110.0
80.4
73.1
7.084
779.19
569.49
i Regulated by the U. S. Department of Commerce.
* Computed by dividing total hours actually flown during month by the employees covered.
* Computed by dividing actual earnings in one month by hours actually flown in month.
* Computed by dividing total actually earned in month by number of pilots covered.
Days, Hours, and Earnings of Copilots, 1931, by District
Copilots usually hold a United States Department of Commerce
transport license and are qualified to operate the controls of the plane
when called on to relieve the pilot. On planes equipped with radio
they must also have a radio operator's license permitting them to
maintain communication by radio with ground stations. On long
flights they often act as stewards, serving meals en route and providing
for the comfort of the passengers.1
Table 2 shows, for the copilots covered in each geographic district
and in all districts combined, average days and hours per month and
average earnings per month and per hour. Average earnings are
shown for their work as copilots, as acting pilots, and in both capaci
ties. Figures for copilots are not shown for the South Atlantic district,
due to the fact that flying in this district was from base ports in
adjacent districts where data for them are shown.
Except for the regular relief day every seven days, the copilots
report for duty every day or every other day, depending upon the
schedule arranged. In the month studied (October, 1931) 65 of the
copilots were supposed to be on duty for 15 days and 73 for 27 days.
Average full-time days in one month ranged by districts from 19.8
for the North Atlantic to 22.8 for the Western district; the average
for all districts combined was 21.2. Due to the schedule, copilots
have full-time hours of either 120 or 216 per month. Of the 138
copilots included in this study, the full-time hours of 47 per cent were
i One company includes a hostess among its flight personnel and one company has a stewardess on certain
of its routes. For obvious reasons, data for these two occupations are not shown.
4
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
120 per month and those of 53 per cent were 216 per month. The
range, by districts, was from 158.4 for the North Atlantic to 182.7 for
the Western district, and the average for all districts was 170 hours.
Since it was impossible to get actual flight-hours for copilots except
when they were on duty as pilots, data on this point and on actual
earnings per flight-hour can not be shown for them.
With few exceptions, copilots are paid a straight monthly salary
regardless of the mileage flown in the month. Their only additional
earnings are for work as acting pilot. For work as copilot only, the
average full-time earnings in one month ranged from $198.16 for the
West North Central to $238.21 for the Western district, and for all
districts were $218.26. The average earnings per hour ranged from
$1,162 for the West North Central to $1,422 for the North Atlantic
district, and for all districts were $1,284.
Table 2 shows that in the month covered by the study, 12 copilots
(4 in the North Atlantic, 3 in the East North Central, and 5 in the
Western district) acted as pilots. Their earnings in this capacity,
averaging $110.69 each for the month, were sufficient to raise earnings
per month for the whole group of copilots from an average of $218.26
to $227.89, and earnings per hour from $1,284 to $1,341.
T a b l e 2.— Average days and hours worked by copilots, and earnings for regular and
additional work, 1931, by district
Average full
time in 1
month
District
Num Num
ber of ber of
local co
units pilots
Earnings for
copilot work
only
Earnings for
additional
work as
acting pilot
Total earnings
Num
ber of Aver Aver
Aver
em
Per
age
age
Days Hours1 in 1 hour * ploy age
in 1
in 1
ees
month
hav month month
ing
North Atlantic......................
East North Central..............
West North Central.............
South Central_____________
Western.................................
6
10
4
5
0
20
48
19
13
38
19.8
20.3
21.3
22.4
22.8
168.4 $225.21
162.0 208.21
170.5 198.16
179.1 215.77
182.7 238.21
Total............................
34
138
21.2
170.0
218.26
$1,422
1.285
1.162
1.205
1.304
1.284
4 $154.00 $256.01
3 33.27 210.29
198.16
215.77
5 122.49 254.32
12
110.69
227.89
Aver
age
per
hour
$1,616
1.298
1.162
1.205
1.392
1.341
i Computed by dividing total full-time hours by number of copilots.
* Based on average full-time hours and earnings in 1 month.
Basic Salaries of Pilots and Copilots, October, 1931
The basic monthly salaries of pilots (except 16 who were paid
mileage rates only and 29 whose rates were not reported) and of
copilots are shown in Table 3. Approximately 25 per cent of the
pilots received only the basic salary, while 75 per cent also received
mileage rates. The figures in the table do not include earnings for
mileage flown.
5
BASIC SALARIES OF PILOTS AND COPILOTS, 1931
T a b l e 3.— Number of pilots and copilots, October, 1981, by basic salary per month
[Approximately 25 per cent of the pilots are paid salary only; others are paid salary and rates per mile flown]
Num Num
of
Salary per month ber of ber
co
pilots pilots
Under $100______
$100......................
$120......................
$125......................
$130......................
$140......................
$145......................
$150......................
$160......................
$163......................
$167 *....................
$170......................
$175......................
$180......................
$183 1
$188......................
$190.......................
6
2
6
1
7
5
3
1
1
6
1
1
37
8
10
4
16
4
16
9
11
Num Num
of
Salary per month ber of ber
co
pilots pilots
Num Num
Salary per month ber of ber of
co
pilots pilots
$1921___________
$200......................
$2081.....................
$210......................
$213......................
$217 i....................
$220......................
$225......................
$230......................
$233 i....................
$238......................
$240......................
$242 »....................
$248......................
$250......................
$260......................
$270......................
$275......................
$300......................
$350......................
$375......................
$400......................
$430......................
$450......................
$500......................
$525......................
$600......................
$775......................
Mileage rate only.
Not reported........
1
99
14
12
11
1
2
19
3
4
2
16
29
Total..........
460
5
30
14
1
2
16
2
13
1
5
1
2
1
21
3
U
46
1
7
5
27
1
15
138
1Based on yearly salary.
Earnings of Pilots and Copilots, October, 1931, by District
Table 4 shows for each geographic district and for all districts com
bined the number of pilots and of copilots whose earnings fell within
each classified group of earnings in October, 1931. The earnings for
each person include .his basic salary per month or proportionate part
thereof for any portion of the month that he was on the pay rolls in
the month and his mileage earnings for miles flown, if any.
Five of the 460 pilots covered in the study earned less than $150
in October, due probably to the fact that they were not on the rolls
the entire month and that their hours of flight were few or none in
the month. The earnings of 4 pilots were between $950 and $1,000
in the month; in each case the amount included basic salary and
earnings for mileage.
T a b l e 4 . — Classified earnings per month of pilots and copilots, October, 1931, by
district
Copilott
Pilots
Classified actual earn
East West South
East West
North North
ings in one month North North North South South West
North
At Cen Cen At Cen ern Total At Cen Cen Cen West
Total
lantic tral tral lantic tral
lantic tral tral tral ern
Under $150................
$150 and nnrip.r $160
$170 and
$180
$190 and under $200
$200 and under $210
$210 and under $220
$220 and under $230
$230 and »Ttriar $240
$240 and under $250
$250 and under $275
$275 and under $300..
$300 and under $325..
$325 and under $350
$350 and ntidAr $400
$400 and under $450
$450 and under $500..
$500 and under $550..
$550 and under $600..
1
1
4
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
12
3
143699°— 33-------2
3
l
21
8
4
20
25
4
1
4
1
7
5
4
6
14
2
1
3
2
2
2
14
5
1
2
2
5
6
5
4
3
1
5
7
9
5
9
5
4
2
2
2
1
3
7
2
14
5
35
27
24
62
60
1
1
2
3
1
2
7
1
1
1
1
9
7
9
2
11
3
4
2
1
2
1
3
7
2
2
1
6
5
2
3
3
22
3
2
1
1
1
2
3
3
U
15
22
8
45
2
10
9
3
1
2
2
2
6
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
T a b l e 4 . — Classified earnings per month of pilots and copilots, October, 1981, by
district— Continued
Pilots
Classified actual earn Nortb
ings in one month
At
lantic
East
North
Cen
tral
9
5
4
4
1
2
2
11
11
8
2
3
4
1
12
2
1
8
4
2
1
1
3
5
7
2
2
1
46
123
81
45
$600 and under $650..
$650 and under $700..
$700 and under $750..
$750 and under $800..
$800 and under $850..
$850 and under $900..
$900 and under $950..
$950 and under $1,000.
Total________
Copilots
West
South
North
Nortb South
At Cen West
At
Cen lantic
ern Total lantic
tral
tral
2
7
7
1
19
9
9
13
13
2
2
1
56
39
36
30
23
11
6
4
53
112
460-
2
East
North
Cen
tral
20
48
West
Nortb South
West Total
Cen Cen
ern
tral tral
19
13
38
138
Distribution of Pilots by Classified Flight-Hours in Month
Table 5 gives a distribution of the pilots covered in the study for
each district and for all districts combined according to classified
hours actually flown in one month, and also shows the average hours
actually flown in the month and average earnings per flight-hour.
In the month studied the flight-hours of one pilot in the North
Atlantic district and of two in the Western district fell within the
classified group of “ 15 and under 20,” and of one in the East North
Central district and of two in the West North Central district within
the group of “ 125 and under 130.” The flight-hours of the other
454 pilots covered in the study fell within the groups between these
extremes, the largest number m any one group being 72 at “ 80 and
under 85.”
T a b l e 5 . — Distribution of pilots in each district and in all districts, by hours actually
flown in one month, 1931
Number of pilots in each classified group of flight-hours by
districts
Classified flight-hours in 1 month
15 and under 20 ____ __ ____________
20 and iTnriftr 2 5 ____ _____ _________
25 and linear 30____________________
30 and nTidftr 35_____________________
35 and under 40......................................
40 and under 45_____________________
45 and under 50 ____________________
50 and under 55 ___________________
55 and under 60 ___________________
60 and under 65_____________________
65 and under 70......................................
70 and under 75......................................
75 and under 80......................................
80 and under 85......................................
85 and under 90......................................
90 and under 95......................................
95 and under 100.....................................
100 and under 105...................................
105 and under 110...................................
110 and under 115.__________________
115 and under 120 _ ________ —_____
120 and under 125 . . ____ _______ __
125 and under 130 . . . _- ____________
Number of local units. .........................
Number of pilots...................................
Average hours actually flown...............
Average earnings per flight-hour..........
East
West
South
South
North
North
North
Atlantic Central Central Atlantic Central Western
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
4
12
4
4
4
4
3
2
12
46
84.1
$7,284
1
5
4
3
3
2
12
12
10
24
13
14
11
2
1
1
2
1
1
24
123
79.4
$6,929
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
5
6
11
5
11
12
3
7
4
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
2
5
5
11
6
3
3
3
2
1
2
12
81
78.4
$6,906
1
1
10
45
85.8
$7.199
1
2
5
4
2
6
6
3
4
7
5
3
2
16
53
86.7
$5.565
1
2
1
6
3
3
4
5
8
6
10
14
17
16
6
4
3
1
24
112
76.2
$8,066
Total
3
1
3
5
6
11
9
14
11
15
33
38
36
72
63
46
35
24
17
9
4
2
3
98
460
80.4
$7,084
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
7
Days, Hours, and Earnings of Ground Personnel, by
Occupation
Average days worked in one week, average full time and credited
hours and earnings in one week, the per cent of full time worked in the
week, and average earnings per hour are shown in Table 6 for each of
the important occupations of the ground personnel only, and also for
the groups designated as “ Other employees.” These groups include a
number of occupations, each too few in number of employees to
warrant separate tabulation. The data in this table do not include
figures for pilots and copilots. Figures by occupation are for males
only. Because of the small number of female wage earners in any
one occupation, figures for this sex are for a combination of traffic
agents, clerks, stenographers, seamstresses, fabric workers, and the
group of other employees, skilled and unskilled. Wage figures for
males in each occupation and for females in all occupations combined
are shown by districts in Table A (pp. 15 to 18).
Approximately 10 per cent of the employees in Table 6 were paid
hourly rates for the hours actually worked during the pay period
covered by the study and 90 per cent were paid weekly, monthly, or
yearly salaries based on full time, regardless of the number of hours
actually worked during the period. The salary of each employee
whose rate was for a month or year was reduced to a weekly rate.
The full-time hours per week of each salaried employee and his weekly
rate were used in computing average earnings per hour. Therefore,
the fifth column of Table 6 is headed “ Hours credited in one week”
instead of “ Average hours actually worked in one week” as in wage
reports for other industries.
Traffic agents, the first occupation in the table, worked an average
of 6 days in the week. In arriving at this average, each full day or
part of a day on which an agent did any work in the week was counted
a day, regardless of the number of hours he actually worked on the
day. Their full-time hours per week averaged 48, and credited hours
averaged 47.8 in one week, or 99.6 per cent of full time. They
earned an average of 62.9 cents per hour and $30.07 in one week.
Had they worked full time at the same average per hour as was earned
in the hours credited, their full-time earnings in the week would
have averaged $30.17.
Average full-time hours per week, by occupation, ranged from
47.2 for machinists and tool makers to 53.0 for janitors. Average
hours credited in one week ranged from 47.8 for traffic agents to 53.5
for machinists and toolmakers. The per cent that hours credited
in the week was of the average full-time hours per week ranged from
99.6 for traffic agents to 113.3 for machinists and toolmakers, thus
showing that for traffic agents there was only 0.4 per cent of lost time
in the week and for machinists and toolmakers there was at least 13.3
per cent of overtime. The credited hours of only two occupations
(traffic agents and radio mechanics) were less than their full-time
hours. Average earnings per hour ranged from 24 cents for porters
to $1,069 for chief mechanics. Average full-time earnings per week
ranged from $11.54 for porters to $51.30 for chief mechanics. Average
actual earnings per week for the different occupations in the industry
ranged from $11.54 for porters to $51.86 for chief mechanics.
8
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
T able
6*— Average days, hours, and earnings of ground personnel, 1931, by
occupation
Num
ber of
local
units
Occupation and sex
Agents, traffic, male.................
Chauffeurs, male.......................
Clerks, stenographers, male___
Crew chiefs, male......................
Dispatchers, male.....................
Inspectors, male........................
Janitors, male............................
Machinists and toolmakers,
male........................................
Mechanics, airplanes, licensed,
male........................................
Mechanics, engine, licensed,
male........ ...............................
Mechanics, airplane and en
gine, licensed, m ale..............
Mechanics, airplane and en
gine, not licensed, male.........
Mechanics, chief, male.............
Mechanics* helpers, licensed,
male........................................
Mechanics’ helpers, not li
censed, male...........................
Porters, male.............................
Radio mechanics, male.............
Radio operators, male..............
Stock clerks, male.....................
Other ground-personnel em
ployees, skilled, male............
Other ground-personnel em
ployees, unskilled, male........
All ground-personnel em
ployees, male................
All ground-personnel em
ployees, fem ale...........
All ground-personnel em
ployees, male and fe
male..............................
103
17
43
14
52
13
30
Aver
Hours credited
in 1 week
age
Aver
Num days
age
on
ber of which
full
em
time
Per
em
ploy ployees
hours Aver
age
cent of
ees worked per
num
full
week
in i
ber
time
week
175
41
107
44
118
25
73
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.1
6.2
48.0
48.3
48.2
48.7
47.9
48.0
53.0
47.8
48.7
48.2
50.1
47.9
49.6
53.2
Aver
age
earn
ings
per
hour
Aver
age
fi3ltime
earn
ings
per
week
99.6
100.8
100.0
103.0
100.0
103.0
100.4
$0,629
.558
.551
.902
.592
.945
.362
$30.17
26.93
26.54
43.91
28.37
45.37
19.21
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in 1
week
$30.07
27.14
26.54
45.17
28.37
46.87
19.27
0
19
6.1
47.2
53.5
113.3
.754
35.58
40.36
23
162
6.0
47.8
51.7
108.2
.734
35.08
37.92
31
150
5.9
48.0
49.6
103.3
.742
35.61
36.83
115
588
6.0
48.4
49.5
102.3
.747
36.16
37.01
28
70
170
119
5.8
6.0
47.9
48.0
50.0
48.5
104.4
101.0
.641
1.069
30.68
51.30
31.74
51/86
33
60
6.1
47.7
49.6
104.0
.549
26.20
27.24
77
28
24
81
24
332
44
94
184
82
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.0
48.5
48.2
48.0
48.4
47.9
50.0
48.2
47.9
48.4
48.6
103.1
100.0
99.8
100.0
101.5
.441
.240
.688
.712
.557
21.39
11.54
33.01
34.49
26.70
22.08
11.54
32.97
34.49
27.10
53
143
5.9
48.0
48.0
100.0
.817
39.19
39.19
36
181
6.1
51.3
52.0
101.4
.384
19.72
19.98
214 2,911
6.0
48.5
49.5
102.1
.645
31.26
31.89
36
88
6.0
48.0
48.0
100.0
.497
23.85
23.85
214
2,999
6.0
48.5
49.4
101.9
.640
31.05
31.66
Classified Earnings per Hour
Pilots, Copilots, and Ground Personnel
A distribution by number and per cent of pilots, copilots, and of
the ground personnel of each sex in each classified group of average
earnings per hour is shown in Table 7.
Only 1, or less than 1 per cent, of the 460 pilots covered in the
study earned less than $1.00 per hour and 1 earned an average that fell
within the group “ $14.00 and under $14.50 ” per hour, while 121, or 26
per cent, earned an average that was within the group of “ $6.00 and
under $7.00” per hour. The lowest average per hour of copilots fell
within the group of “ 90 and under 95 cents” per hour and the highest
within the group of “ $4.00 and under $5.00 ” per hour. Only one male
of the ground personnel earned more than $1.90 per hour and one
female earned an average of more than 85 cents per hour.
9
CLASSIFIED EARNINGS PER HOUR
T a b l e 7 .— Number
and per cent of pilots, copilots, and of the ground personnel of
each sex in each classified group of average earnings per hour, 1931
[Earnings in this table are per flight-hour for pilots, see page 2; per full-time hour for copilots, see page 3;
and per credited hour for employees of the ground personnel, see page 7]
Percent
Number
Classified average
earnings per hour
Pilots
Co
pilots
Ground person
nel
Total
Male
1
1
16 and under 17 cents
17 and under is cants 19 and under 20 cents
20 and Tinder 21 cents
21 and under 22 cents 22 and under 23 rants
25 and under 27H cents.
27Mand under 30 cents.
30 and under 32M cents.
32K and under 35 cents.
35 and under 37X
A cents.
37Mand under 40 cents.
40 and under 42K cents.
42X
A and under 45 cents.
45 and under 47H cents.
47Mand under 50 cents.
50 and nnriAr 55 cents
55 and under 60 cents
60 and under 65 cents
65 and under 70 cents
70 and under 75 cents
75 and under 80 cents
dOand under 85 cents
85 and under 90 cents
90 and under 95 cents
95cents andunder$1.00.
$100 and under $1.10
$1.10 and nnriftr $1.20
$1.20 and under $1.30
$1.30 and
$1.40
$1.40 and nnriftr $1.50
$1.50 and under $1.60
$1.60 and under $1.70
$1.70 and under $1.80..
$1.80 and under $1.90..
$1.90 and under $2.00..
$2.00 and under $2.25..
$2.25 and under $2.50
$2.50 and under $3.00..
$3.00 and under $4.00..
$4.00 and under $5.00..
$5.00 and under $6.00..
$6.00 and under $7.00..
$7.00 and under $8.00..
$8.00 and undei $9.00—
$9.00 and under $10.00.
$10.00 and under $12.00.
$12.00 and under $14.00.
$14.00 and under $14.50.
Total_________
1
1
2
1
3
1
17
30
42
121
87
74
43
30
6
1
460
* Less than 1 per cent.
20
41
10
4
1
11
15
2
3
11
1
10
4
1
1
Ground.^ersonn
Total
Male
3
2
0
(i)
1
2
0
(i)
Female
(0
0
1
0)
0
2
2
0
0
8
8
0
0
1
6
11
2
21
1
6
11
2
21
0
(1)
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
19
27
45
29
25
77
71
79
96
45
201
180
152
377
209
373
203
256
87
56
92
67
21
39
5
12
1
3
1
2
2
20
27
48
29
26
83
83
81
105
50
214
187
159
388
210
379
204
257
87
76
94
108
31
43
6
23
16
5
5
15
2
14
4
2
17
34
42
121
87
74
43
30
6
1
1
3
1
6
12
2
9
5
13
7
7
11
1
6
1
1
1
1
4
138
Co
pilots
Female
3
2
10 and under 11 c<*nt.s 11 fl.nd under 12 cents .
12 and under 13 cents
Pilots
2,911
88
3,597
14
0
0)
1
0
1
0 )4
7
9
26
19
16
9
7
1
0
100
30
7
3
1
8
11
1
2
8
1
7
3
1
1
W x
1
2
1
1
3
2
3
3
2
7
6
5
13
7
13
7
9
3
2
3
2
1
1
(i)
(i)
0
(i)
(i)
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
3
1
6
5
4
11
6
11
6
7
2
2
3
3
1
1
3
1
7
14
2
10
6
15
8
8
13
1
7
1
1
1
0
1
0
0
0
m
0
0
1
0
0
3
1
1
3
2
2
1
1
0
0
100
100
100
100
10
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
Ground Personnel, by Occupation
Table 8 shows the per cent of employees in each of the important
occupations and in the groups of “ Other employees” of the ground
personnel in each of the classified groups of average earnings per hour.
Figures for pilots and copilots are not included in this table. The
classified groups of earnings extend from “ under 20 cents” to “ $2.00
and under $3.00” per hour.
The average earnings per hour of 2 per cent of the 175 traffic agents
fell within the group of “ 30 and under 35 cents” per hour and 2 per
cent earned an average that fell within the group of “ $1.00 and under
$1.25.” It will also be observed that 41 per cent of the porters earned
less than 20 cents per hour and that only 2 per cent of them earned
as much as 40 and under 45 cents per hour.
T a b l e 8 .—
Average earnings per hour and per cent of ground personnel earning each classified amount per hour, 1981, by occupation and sex
Per cent of employees whose earnings per hour were—
Occupation and sex
Num Num Average
30
ber of ber of earn Un 20
50
25
35
40
60
70
45
80
90
$1.25 $1.50 $2.00
em ings per
local
and and and and and and and and and and cents $1.00
and and and and
units ployees hour der
under under under under under under under under under and under
20 under
under under under
25
30
50
60
35
40
70
80
90
45
under
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1.00 $1.25 $1.50 $2.00 $3.00
175 $0,629
41
.558
107
.551
44
.902
118
.592
25
.945
73
.362
19
.754
162
.734
150
.742
588
.747
1
10
11
4
8
2
13
5
2
7
15
7
24
8
4
4
14
19
10
(i)
1
.641
1.069
.549
.441
.240
.688
.712
.557
.817
1
41
36
181
.384
3
All ground-personnel employees, male........
All ground-personnel employees, female___
214
36
2,911
88
.645
.497
All ground-personnel employees, male and
female...........................................................
214
2,999
.640
2
9
1
1
15
1
1
2
5
6
1
8 ’ "is"
21
16
2
14
1
7
16
7
2
3
11
54
8
2
22
21
15
18
9
26
4
4
21
28
25
26
25
10
15
16
9
12
3
23
5
24
37
34
39
31
32
19
23
26
5
6
2
1
2
1
7
48~
22
38
1
23
9
15
8
2
0)
8
6
2
19
1
54
8
3
10
1
22
8
22
32
28
21
33
42
7
23
17
16
1
14
2
2
1
11
2
9
3
3
14
5
10
7
4
24
3
9
5
3
20
3
24
5
2
2
30
1
28
1
4
10
16
1
3
9
16
23
1
9
5
1
9
9
13
18
22
14
7
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
3
2
1
5
20
6
12
8
20
11
16
20
14
20
8
12
1
5
1
4
1
C1)
0)
1
2
3
2
6
6
9
12
20
19
11
5
4
1
0
C1)
PER
1
1
1
HOUR
170
119
60
332
44
94
184
82
143
19
2
2
1
1
28
70
33
77
28
24
81
24
53
1Less than 1 per cent.
2
2
3
EARNINGS
103
17
43
14
52
13
30
9
23
31
115
CLASSIFIED
Agents, traffic, male......... ......................................
Chauffeurs, male.......................................... ..........
Clerks, stenographers, male—...................... ...........
Crew chiefs, male.................................................... .
Dispatchers, male............ .............. ...................... .
Inspectors, male................... .................................. .
Janitors, male. ....................................................... .
Machinists and toolmakers, male___................. .
Mechanics, airplane, licensed, male....... ................
Mechanics, engine, licensed* male____ _________
Mechanics, airplane and engine, licensed, male__
Mechanics, airplane and engine, not licensed,
male................................... ............................. .
Mechanics, chief, male...................................... .....
Mechanics’ helpers, licensed, male.................... ...
Mechanics’ helpers, not licensed, male__________
Porters, male........................................................ ...
Radio mechanics, male...........................................
Radio operators, male....... ..................................... .
Stock clerks, male....... .............................................
Other ground-personnel employees, skilled, male.
Other ground-personnel employees, unskilled,
male........................................................................
12
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
Classified Full-Time Hours per Week, 1931, of Ground
Personnel, by Occupation
Table 9 shows for each of the occupations in air transportation,
except pilots and copilots, average full-time hours per week and the
per cent of employees at each specified number of hours per week.
Full-time hours per week are those established by a regular time
of beginning and quitting work on each day of the week less any reg
ular time off duty for dinner, lunch, or other meal.
The full-time hours per week of 86 per cent of the 2,911 males and
of all of the females were 48.
T a b l e 9. — Average and classified full-time hours per week of ground-personnel
employees, 1981, by occupation
Occupation
Agents, traffic, male....................................
Chauffeurs, male.........................................
Clerks and stenographers, male..................
Crew chiefs, male.—......... .........................
Dispatchers, male........................................
Inspectors, m a le .........................................
Janitors, male..............................................
Machinists and toolmakers, male...............
Mechanics, airplane, licensed, m ale.........
Mechanics, engine, licensed, male..............
Mechanics, airplane and engine, licensed,
male...........................................................
Mechanics, airplane or engine, not li
censed, male.............................................
Mechanics, chief, male................................
Mechanics" helpers, licensed, m ale--.........
Mechanics’ helpers, not licensed, male----Porters, m ale._________________________
Radio mechanics, male____________ _____
Radio operators, male__________ ________
Stock clerks, male.......................................
Other ground-personnel employees, skilled,
male..........................................................
Other ground-personnel employees, un
skilled, male___________ _____________
All ground-personnel employees,
male.................................................
All ground-personnel employees,
female..............................................
All ground-personnel employees,
male and female.............................
Num Num
of
ber of ber
em
local ployunits
103
17
43
14
52
13
30
9
23
31
Aver
age
full
time
hours
per
week
48.0
48.3
48.2
48.7
47.9
48.0
53.0
47.2
162 48.7
150 48.0
Per cent of employees whose full-time
hours per week were—
42
and 44
48 50 m
un
der
77
54 56 60 63 70 and
over
175
41
107
44
118
25
73
19
588
48.4
170
119
60
332
44
94
184
82
47.9
48.0
47.7
48.5
48.2
48.0
48.4
47.9
143
48.0
181
51.3
214 2,911
48.5
0
0
73
0
48.0
214 2,999
48.5
00
0
00
0
100
0)
87
* Less than 1 per cent.
The hours per week and per day, Monday to Friday, Saturday,
and Sunday, in Table 10, are the regular or customary hours of the
employees at the local units included in the study of the industry
when working full time or when there is no overtime and no part-time
work by any worker.
Full-time hours per week ranged by local units from 42 for the 2
with the shortest to 56 for the 12 with the longest hours per week.
The hours of the employees of 182, or 85 per cent, of the local units
were 48 per week or 8 hours per day, Monday to Saturday.
13
FULL-TIME HOURS OF GROUND PERSONNEL, 1931
While air transportation is a 7-day-week industry, it is the general
policy of the officials at the local units to provide for the relief of each
employee on one day each week, thus making a 6-day week for the
great mass of employees in the industry.
T able
10.— Number of local units in each district at each specified number of full
time hours per week and per day, 1931
[The figures in this table are limited to the ground personnel only. They do not include data for pilots
and copilots]
Number of local units at each specified hours per week
and day
Full-time hours
Per day
Per week
Monday Satur
to Fri
day
day
42____
44____
44»___
48 *___
48.......
48 i___
50
48 i.__.
50H 2~
54 3....
48 i_ „.
54
48 1___
56 2....
50.......
56.......
18
East
West
North
South
South
North
North Atlantic
Atlantic Central
Central Western
Central
Sunday
2
4
28
2 10
18
0
41
8
18
18
29
2 5^
39
18
29
28
10
8
1
1
182
14
28
18
Total
2
1
7
18
28
0
4
12
8
Total.
49
46
214
i For one group of employees.
* For another group of employees.
8For a third group of employees.
Changes in Wage Rates, July 1,1930, to October 1, 1931
Between July 1, 1930, and October 1, 1931, wage rates of all em
ployees of 2 local units were increased, and of all or certain specified
employees of 51 local units were reduced. There was no change in
the rates of any of the employees of 161 local units.
Table 11 shows the number of local units, the employees whose rates
were changed, and the percentage of increase and of decrease.
T able
11.— Change in wage rates July 1, 1980, to October 1, 1931
:j
—l
- .....
Num
ber of
local
units
Employees affected by
change
Per cent or
amount of change Num
ber of
local
units
In
crease Decrease
16 All.....................................
(Base rate________
0 Pilots-! Day mileage rate
(.Night mileage rate.
x fDav ui**v»5v
mileage rate
PllAfoJ
6 vuois<
Night mileage&uvv««
rate
t,.. ,_/X)ay mileage rate
13 ^
\Night mileage rate.
2
i Depending upon the route fl.own.
143699°—33------3
7H
to
10
25
120 and 29
130 and 36
10 and 20
110 and 30
10
t
Per cent or
amount of change
Employees affected by
change
1 Pilots................................
2 All.....................................
3 Pilots._________________
(Mechanics___ __________
Helpers________________
1 Traffic manager________
Ticket agent....................
Pilots (base pay)_______
In
crease Decrease
6
12
1
I
I
j
I
19
33H
14
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
Bonus Systems
A bonus is pay in addition to earnings at stipulated rates. Only
one company included in the study of the air-transportation industry
reported bonus systems in operation in October, 1931. That company
reported two systems, both being for pilots. One bonus was based
upon length of service in the company. The other was called a
“ terrain bonus,” and applied to a particularly hazardous route due
to mountainous country or to heavy atmospheric conditions, a set
amount being paid monthly for flying the route. Bonus earnings
were included as part of the actual earnings of the pilots of the
company.
Progress in Civil Aeronautics
Air transportation of mail and passengers is a new industry.
Table 12, taken from the May, 1932, Air Commerce Bulletin, of the
United States Department of Commerce, shows that the number of
commercial planes in transport service increased from 69 in 1926,
the first year in which the industry was of material importance, to
128 in 1927, to 325 in 1928, to 525 in 1929, to 600 in 1930, and then
dropped to 590 in 1931. The number of passengers carried increased
from year to year from 5,782 in 1926 to 417,505 in 1930 and 522,345
in 1931.
Only one company was operating planes on schedule as early as
1919. The industry was reported as in the experimental state until
1928, when the operation of aircraft on scheduled routes really became
a recognized public service.
T able
Item
12.— Progress in civil aeronautics, 1926 to 1981
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
107
308
562
675
690
Pilots employed........ _...........................
0)
Totsd personnel employed......................
462
1,496
2,345
3,475
4,290
0)
Number of planes in transport service..
69
128
325
525
600
590
Passengers carried on transport lines.. .
8,679
5,782
49,713
173,405
417,505
522,345
Airplane-miles flown by all operators... 4,318,087 5,870,489 10,673,450 25,141,499 36,945,203 47,385,987
Mileage of commercial airways in oper
8,404
9,122
16,667
36,321
49,549
ation.................... - ...............................
50,398
2,041
4,468
Mileage of lighted airways.....................
6,988
12,448
15,258
17,512
612
1,311
Electric and gas beacons.......................
760
1,188
1,652
1,836
Municipal airports.................................
240
368
453
550
636
0)
i Not available.
Each of the occupational terms found by the bureau in the study
of the industry is listed and defined in the Appendix (pp. 34 to 41).
General Tables
The preceding tables in this bulletin have presented detailed figures
for pilots and copilots, and summaries only for the employees in the
other occupations (ground personnel) in the industry. Detailed
figures for the ground personnel are given in four general tables as
follows:
T able A.— Average number of days on which employees worked
in one week, average full-time and credited hours and earnings per
week, average earnings per hour, and per cent of full time worked,
1931, ground personnel only, by occupation and district.
15
GENERAL TABLES
T able B.—Average and classified earnings per hour, 1931, ground
personnel only, by occupation and district.
T able C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week, 1931,
ground personnel only, by occupation and district.
T able D.— Average and classified actual earnings in one week,
1931, ground personnel only, by occupation and district.
A.— Average number of days on which employees worked in one week,
average full-time and credited hours and earnings per week, average earnings per
hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation
and district
T able
Occupation, sex, and district
Num Num
of
ber of ber
em
local ploy
units
ees
Aver
age
days
on
which
em
ployees
worked
in 1
week
Hours cred
ited in 1 week
Aver
Aver
Aver age
age
age
full
full
earn time
time
ings earn
Per
hours Aver
cent
age
ings
per
per
of full hour
per
week num
week
ber
time
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in 1
week
Agents, traffic, male:
North Atlantic................. ..........
East North Central.....................
West North Central....................
South A tlantic...........................
South Central..............................
Western........................................
Total...................................... ...
13
22
13
17
22
16
103
21
43
16
23
41
31
175
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
48.0
48.0
47.3
48.1
48.2
48.2
48.0
48.0
48.0
47.3
48.1
48.2
47.2
47.8
100.0 $0. 576 $27.65
.649 31.17
100.0
100.0
.701 33.12
.555 26.69
100.0
.603 26.04
100.0
97.9
.689 33.20
99.6
.629 30.17
$27.65
31.17
33.12
26.69
28.04
32. 4'j
30.07
Chauffeurs, male:
North Atlantic......................... .
East North Central--.................
West North Central...............
South Atlantic............. ................
South Central..............................
Western........................................
Total.........................................
1
7
3
1
2
3
17
0)
20
6
5
2
5
41
0)
6.1
5.8
0)
6.5
6.0
6.0
0)
48.2
48.0
0)
52.0
48.0
48.3
0)
49.4
46.7
0)
52.0
48.0
48.7
0)
102.5
97.3
0)
100.0
100.0
100.8
0)
.528
.500
0)
.333
.620
.558
0)
25.45
23.98
0)
17.31
29.77
26.93
0)
26.09
23.31
Clerks, stenographers, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central.................._West North Central....................
South Atlantic......... ............... .
South Central..............................
Western....................................
Total...................................... ..
1
(*)
11
23
8
16
2i
6
25
8
9 ■ 18
43
107
0)
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
0)
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.7
48.0
48.2
0)
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.7
48.0
48.2
0)
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
C1)
.4,8
.534
.620
.487
.661
.551
0)
22. S6
25.65
29.74
23.73
31. 74
26.54
0)
22.96
25.65
29.74
23.73
31.74
26.54
0)
49.2
01)
(*)
48.0
48.7
0)
51.7
(»)
(*)
48.0
50.1
0)
105.1
0)
0)
100.0
103.0
0)
.838
i1)
0)
.837
.902
0)
41.22
01)
0)
40.19
43.91
0)
43.31
0)
0)
40.19
45.17
17.31
29.77
2/. 14
Crew chiefs, male:
North Atlantic.........................
East North Central.................. .
West North Central................. .
South Atlantic-....... ..................
South Central..............................
Total.........................................
1
9
1
1
2
; 14
0)
25
0)
0)
2
44
0)
6.1
0)
.(»)
6.0
6.0
Dispatchers, male:
North A tlantic..........................
East North Central.....................
West North Central............ .......
South Atlantic-...........................
South Central..............................
Western........................................
Total.........................................
V
11
4
11
10
9
52
23
27
9
26
17
16
118
5.6
6.0
6.0
5.8
6.0
6.0
5.9
48.8
48.0
48.0
48.3
45.9
48.0
47.9
48.8
48.0
48.0
48.3
45.9
48.0
47.9
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.559
.608
.663
.549
.520
.718
.592
27.26
29.17
31.82
26.54
23.86
34.46
28.37
27.26
29.17
31.82
26.54
23.86
34.46
28.37
Inspectors, male:
North Atlantic.--.......................
East North Central.....................
West North Central....................
South Atlantic-...........................
South Central..............................
Western........................................
Total..........................................
3
3
1
2
2
2
13
5
9
6.0
6.2
0)
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.1
48.0
47.6
C1)
48.0
49.7
48.0
4a. 0
48.0
50.6
(')
48.0
49.7
49.7
49.6
100.0
106.3
C1)
100.0
100.0
103.5
103.0
1.038
.863
0)
1.022
.953
1.031
.945
48.84
41.07
0)
49.04
47.31
49.50
45.37
49.84
43.63
0)
49.04
47.31
51.22
46.87
0)
2
3
3
25
i Data included in the total but not given separately, to avoid identification.
16
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
A ,— Average number of days on which employees worked in one week,
average full-lime and credited hours and earnings per week, average earnings per
hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1981, ground personnel only, by occupation
and district— Continued
T able
Occupation, sex, and district
Hours cred
Aver
ited in 1 week
Aver
age
Num days Aver
Aver age
age
full
Num ber of
on
age
full
ber of em which time
earn time
local ploy
ings earn
em hours Aver Per
units
age
ees ployees per
cent
per
ings
worked week num of full hour
per
week
ber
in 1
time
week
Janitors, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central_______ ____
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central_________________
Western_________ ____________
4
9
4
3
5
&
7
28
6
7
9
16
6.0
6.3
6.2
6.0
6.2
6.1
51.4
54.7
60.0
51.4
51.1
49.7
51.4
55.5
58.7
51.4
51.1
49.7
100.0 $0,396 $20.36
101. 5 .328 17.93
.402 24.11
97.8
.272 14.01
100.0
.282 14.39
100.0
.485 24.11
100.0
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in i
week
$20.36
18.19
23.58
14.01
14.39
24.11
Total_______________________
30
73
6.2
53.0
53.2
100.4
.362
19.21
19.27
Machinists and toolmakers, male:
East North Central........ .............
West North Central___________
South Central_________________
Western______________________
5
1
1
2
10
0)
(i)
5
6.2
0)
0)
6.0
46.4
0)
0)
48.0
58.3
0)
0)
48.1
125.6
(*)
0)
100.2
.756
C1)
(i)
.721
35.09
0
0)
34.61
44.12
0)
C1)
34.68
Total..........................................
9
19
6.1
47.2
53.5
113.3
.754
35.58
40.36
Mechanics, airplane, licensed, male:
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central_________________
Western_______ ______________
5
3
3
4
8
25
32
16
7
82
6.1
5.3
6.2
6.0
6.1
46.3
48.0
48.0
48.9
48.0
51.0
46.8
53.9
50.5
53.1
112.3
97.5
112.3
103.3
110.6
.766
.676
.749
.650
.748
35.45
32.44
35.93
31.79
35. 91
39.81
31.67
40.33
32.84
39.75
Total_______________________
23
162
6.0
47.8
51.7
108.2
.734
35.08
37.92
Mechanics, engine, licensed, male:
North Atlantic______ _____ ____
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central_________ _______
Western_______ . _______ _____
4
10
3
3
3
8
9
46
27
20
16
32
6.0
6.1
5.7
6.0
5.8
5.9
48.0
47.3
48.0
48.0
50.1
48.0
48.0
52.0
47.4
48.9
48.6
49.5
100.0
109.9
98.8
101.9
97.0
103.1
.791
.704
.717
.852
.722
.747
37.98
33.32
34.43
40.87
36.18
35.85
37.98
36.64
34.02
41.64
35.10
37.00
Total..........................................
31
150
5.9
48.0
49.6
103.3
.742
35.61
36.83
Mechanics, airplane and engine, li
censed, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central____________
West North Central______. ____
South Atlantic________________
South Central_________________
Western_________________ ____
12
27
18
10
19
29
72
132
67
59
99
159
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.0
48.6
48.1
48.0
49.5
48.0
49.1
51.7
48.4
48.1
49.7
48.8
102.3
106.4
100.6
100.2
100.4
101.7
.783
.711
.700
.806
.721
.778
37.60
34.54
33.66
38.70
35.67
37.33
38.48
36.78
33.87
38.78
35.85
37.92
Total..........................................
115
588
6.0
48.4
49.5
102.3
.747
36.16
37.01
Mechanics, airplane or engine, not
licensed, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central____________
West North Central.__ . . . _____
South Atlantic________________
South Central_________________
Western____________ _________
5
7
3
5
2
6
9
51
31
39
24
16
6.2
6.0
5.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
48.0
47.1
48.0
48.0
49.1
48.0
49.4
53.3
44.8
48.8
49.2
49.0
102.9
113.2
93.3
101.7
100.2
102.1
.653
.641
.573
.647
.721
.615
31.33
30.19
27.50
31.05
35.41
29.51
32.27
34.18
25.68
31.59
35.52
30.10
Total.........................................
28
170
5.8
47.9
50.0
104.4
.641
30.68
31.74
Mechanics, chief, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central____ ____ __
West North Central.____ ______
South Altantic________________
South Central________________
Western______________________
7
14
8
6
10
25
7
25
17
10
17
43
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.0
47.3
48.0
48.0
48.7
48.2
49.6
48.1
49.5
48.0
48.7
48.3
103.3
101.7
103.1
100.0
100.0
100.2
1.077
1.037
1.088
1.197
1.016
1.069
51.67
49.06
52.23
57.46
49.52
51.53
53.36
49.91
53.84
57.46
49.52
51.59
Total..........................................
70
119
6.0
48.0
48.5
101.0
1.06£
51.30
51.86
* Data Included in the total bat not given separately, to avoid identification.
17
g e n e r a l ta b le s
A. — Average number of days on which employees worked in one week,
average full-time and credited hours and earnings per week, average earnings per
hour, and per cent of full time worked, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation
and district— Continued
T able
Occupation, sex, and district
Hours cred
Aver
age
Aver ited in 1 week
Aver
Num days
age
Aver age
Num ber of
on
full
age
full
ber of em which time
earn time
local ploy em hours Aver Per
ings earn
age
units
ees ployees per
cent
per
ings
worked week num of full hour
per
in i
ber
week
time
week
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in 1
week
Mechanics’ helpers, licensed, male:
North Atlantic ,
East North CentraL................. I
W est N orth Central .................
South Atlantic........................... .
South Central.............. ................
Western______________ ________
2
15
6
3
3
5
8
34
8
6
4
6.3
6.1
6.3
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.0
47.3
47.3
48.0
50.5
48.0
50.7
50.1
49.1
48.0
50.2
48.0
105.6 $0,603 $28.96
.534 25.28
105.9
103.8
.503 28.06
.529 25.36
100.0
99.4
.570 28.76
.555 26.63
100.0
Total............................ .............
33
60
6.1
47.7
49.6
104.0
.548
26.20
27.24
Mechanics’ helpers, not licensed,
male:
North Atlantic......... ...................
East North Central___________
West North Central....................
South Atlantic.... ....... ............
South Central_________________
Western______________ ________
7
17
11
10
10
22
28
72
51
57
42
82
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
48.0
49.7
47.9
48.0
49.2
48.0
49.6
51.8
48.1
51.1
50.0
49.2
103.3
104.2
100.4
106.5
101.6
102.5
.483
.384
.420
.441
.466
.479
23.19
19.07
20.12
21.19
22.92
23.01
23.96
19.88
20.21
22.55
23.29
23.57
77
332
6.0
48.5
50.0
103.1
.441
21.39
22.08
Porters, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central.............. ......
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central_________________
Western______________________
3
6
1
11
6
1
5
9
6.0
6.0
0
16
11
0)
6.0
6.1
0
48.0
48.0
0
48.0
48.7
0
48.0
48.0
0
48.0
48.7
0)
100.0
100.0
0)
100.0
100.0
0
.361
.174
0
.207
.250
0)
17.31
8.35
0)
9.93
12.17
0)
17.31
8.35
0
9.93
12.17
0)
Total.........................................
28
44
6.0
48.2
48.2
100.0
.240
11.54
11.54
Radio mechanics, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic _______________
South Central_________________
Western______________________
5
4
3
3
6
3
8
20
15
15
11
25
6.0
6.0
5.9
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
47.7
48.0
48.0
48.0
100.0
100.0
99.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
.749
.725
.716
.637
.751
.624
35.96
34.81
34.37
30.58
36.07
29.94
35.96
34.81
34.12
30.58
36.07
29.94
Total................................... .
i
$30.57
26.76
29.12
25.39
28.57
26.63
24
94
6.0
48.0
47.9
99.8
.688
33.01
32.97
Radio operators, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central_______ _____ ___
Western______________________
10
10
13
11
14
23
20
24
27
21
30
62
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.2
6.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
49.9
48.4
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
49.9
48.4
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.705
.646
.681
.719
.711
.751
33.85
31.00
32.71
34.50
35.43
36.36
33.85
31.00
32.71
34.50
35.43
36.36
Total.........................................
81
184
6.1
48.4
48.4
100.0
.712
34.49
34.49
Stock clerks, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central________________
Western______________________
2
6
3
3
3
7
4
19
13
13
10
23
6.0
6.1
5.9
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.0
46.7
48.0
48.0
49.8
48.0
48.0
50.2
47.3
48.0
49.8
48.0
100.0
107.5
98.5
100.0
100.0
100.0
.535
.559
.496
.514
.601
.599
25.68
26.11
23.80
24.68
29.89
28.75
25.68
28.09
23.47
24.68
29.39
28.75
24
82
6.0
47.9
48.6
101.5
.557
26.70
27.10
Total...................................... -
Total______________________
* Data included in the total but not given separately, to avoid identification.
18
WAGES AND HOURS IN A IR TRANSPORTATION
A . — Average number of days on which employees worked in one week,
average full-time and credited hours and earnings per week, average earnings per
hourt and per cent of full time worked, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation
and district— Continued
T a b le
Occupation, sex, and district
Hours cred
Aver
Aver ited in 1 week
age
Aver
Num days
age
Aver age
Num ber of
age
full
on
full
ber of em which time
earn time
local ploy
ings earn
em hours Aver Per
units
age
per
cent
ees ployees per
ings
worked week num of full hour
per
in 1
week
time
ber
week
Other ground-personnel employees,
skilled, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central.....................
West North Central___________
Sont-h Atlantic ..... . ...............
Sonth Central. _______ _____
Western______________________
9
11
9
9
8
7
13
40
22
28
16
24
6.0
6.1
5.4
6.0
6.1
6.0
48.2
47.8
47.7
48.1
49.0
48.0
49.9
50.3
41.9
48.1
49.2
47.9
103.5 $0,801 $38.62
105.2 .817 39.05
87.8
.851 40.58
.864 41.52
100.0
100.4
.645 31.61
.859 41.23
99.8
Aver
age
actual
earn
ings
in 1
week
$40.01
41.08
35.68
41.52
31.73
41.11
Total.........................................
53
143
5.9
48.0
48.0
100.0
.817
39.19
39.19
Other ground-personnel employees,
unskilled, male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic__________ _____
South Central________ _____ __
Western_________ ___ ________
6
9
3
3
10
5
7
23
15
56
65
15
6.1
6.4
5.8
6.0
6.1
6.3
52.9
55.3
52.4
48.0
51.2
55.7
52.9
57.9
49.4
48.8
51.4
59.2
100.0
104.7
94.3
101.7
100.4
106.3
.363
.380
.434
.381
.364
.445
19.19
21.00
22.73
18.30
18.65
24.76
19.19
21.99
21.41
18.62
18.73
26.30
Total.........................................
36
181
6.1
51.3
52.0
101.4
.384
19.72
19.98
All ground-personnel employees,
male:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central___________ _____
Western_________ ____________
22
39
28
30
49
46
250
705
385
454
454
663
6.0
6.1
5.8
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.3
48.5
48.3
48.1
49.4
48.3
49.0
51.1
47.6
48.9
49.5
49.4
101.4
105.4
98.6
101.7
100.2
102.3
.678
.629
.640
.603
.597
.712
32.76
30.49
30.96
29.00
29. 51
34.37
33.26
32.16
30. 50
29.48
29.58
35.13
214 2,911
6.0
48.5
49.5
102.1
.645
31.26
31.89
Total.........................................
All ground-personnel employees,
female:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic________________
South Central________________
Western______________________
2
8
6
7
5
8
4
15
9
22
11
27
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
.445
.493
.535
.517
.474
.487
21.35
23.65
25.68
24.82
22.76
23.39
21.35
23.65
25.68
24.82
22.76
23.39
Total___________ ___________
36
88
6.0
48.0
48.0
100.0
.497
23.85
23.85
22
39
28
30
49
46
254
720
394
476
465
690
6.0
6.1
5.8
6.0
6.0
6.0
48.3
48.5
48.3
48.1
49.3
48.3
49.0
51.1
47.6
48.9
49.5
49.3
101.4
105.4
98.6
101.7
100.4
102.1
.675
.626
.639
.599
.595
.703
32.59
30.36
30.84
28.82
29.31
33.96
33.07
31.98
30.39
29.27
29.42
34.67
214 2,999
6.0
48.5
49.4
101.9
.640
31.05
31.66
All ground-personnel employees,
male and female:
North Atlantic________________
East North Central___________
West North Central___________
South Atlantic______ __________
South Central_________________
Western______________________
Total..........................................
T a b l e B . — Average
and classified earnings per hour, 1981, ground personnel only, by occupation and district
Occupation, sex, and district
21
43
16
23
41
31
$0,576
.649
.701
.555
.603
.689
Total................................................................
Chauffeurs, male:
North Atlantic____________________________
East North Central , . r ________ . ____
"West North Central_______________________
South Atlantic____________________________
South Central_____________________________
Western___________- ______________________
103
175
.629
Total................................................................
Clerks and stenographers, male:
North Atlantic____________ _______ ________
East North Central_____________ _____ _____
West North Central____________________ ___
South Atlantic____ _____ ______ ____ _____ _
South Central______ ___ _______ ___ _______
W estern .____ . . . . . . ________________ _____ _
Total_________- _______ . ______ ___________
Crew chiefs, male:
North Atlantic____________________________
East Norf.h C A n tra l.................................... .
West North Central.
.
__
__ _____
South Atlantic __ __________________ __
South Central................... .................................
Total__ ___ ________________ . . . . . . . . . __ _
1
7
3
1
2
3
%
.528
.500
<9
.333
.620
1
17
41
.558
1
1
11
8
6
8
9
16
24
25
18
.478
.534
.620
.487
.661
43
107
.551
(9
(9
0)
9
3
14
1
5
1
9
1
1
2
14
2
2
5
1
(9
6
2
44
.838
(l)
(l)
.837
.902
1Data included in total but not given b y districts, to avoid identification.
1
2
4
1
2
2
2
2
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
6
2
1
4
1
1
3
3
1
14
8
5
5
6
7
3
3
3
2
7
2
2
4
12
2
4
7
8
12
13
26
19
37
43
1
16
4
1
(9
(9
(9
5
9
4
1
z
2
1
3
4
2
4
2
6
15
3
1
(9
1
(9
(9
1
1
1
2
3
22
6
4
10
4
5
5
1
2
2
1
1
3
2
2
5
5
5
2
4
4
6
1
1
26
9
19
16
3
3
1
4
6
8
(9
2
1
1
(9
1
4
7
1
TABLES
13
22
13
17
22
16
$1.25 $1.50 $2
and and and
under under under
$1.50 $1.75 $3
2
10
2
(9
1
(9
9
GENERAL
Agents, traffic, male:
North Atlantic______ ______________________
East North Central________________________
West North Central................................
South Atlantic____________________________
South Central__ __________________________
Western___________________________________
Number of employees whose earnings per hour were—
Aver
age
Num Num
30
20
25
35
40
90
70
60
50
45
80
ber of ber of earn Un
$1
and and and and and and and and and and cents and
local employ ings
der under
per
under
under
under
under
under
ees
under
under
and
under
under
units
20
under
30
40
50
35
45
90 under
80
70
60
hour cents 25
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1 $1.25
2
2
(,)5
w
13
CO
T a b l e B . — Average
■iT'
— 1—i
, i, .... ::. , 1
-
tt
and classified earnings per hour, 1981, ground personnel only, by occupation and district—Continued
-■ st1
,: 1
=1 !i_.
52
118
.592
5
9
2
3
3
1.038
.863
0)
1.022
.953
1.031
13
25
.945
4
9
4
3
5
5
7
28
7
9
16
.396
.328
.402
.272
.282
.485
30
73
.362
10
Western...............................................................
5
1
1
2
Total____________________________________
9
South Central
Western
Total................................................................
Inspectors, male:
M n rth A tla n tic
East North Central
"West North Central
W m itH A f l a t i f t p
S m it h n A n t r a l
Western............ — .............................................
Total
-
Janitors, male:
M A ffV i A tlA T ltip
TTnef M r t f t h P;OTltrA.l
x i 'p c f M f t f t h n p T it r a l
f iA i if h A
f i n n t h flftT itrA l
W ^ fp r n
Machinists and toolmakers, male:
■Roof M n r t h n p T it r ^ l
W/jef M n r t h n p n t r f t l
f i n n f h r iflit iffo l
3
3
1
2
2
2
0)
6
0)
4
1
2
1
1
4
2
10
5
2
6
2
5
5
3
6
2
1
12
3
2
5
11
3
5
4
3
3
4
3
1
3
23
26
31
11
6
1
2
1
1
2
2
0)
1
1
2
1
2
2
1
8
1
2
3
1
5
1
2
1
1
7
14
8
3
7
6
3
3
1
1
3
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
4
1
1
1
3
1
1
(0
2
1
1
1
7
l
3
6
6
4
(i)
(i)
1
6
1
7
2
4
7
1
3
10
11
10
3
1
3
1
5
.756
(i)
(1)
.721
1
®4
19
.754
1
4
7
1
TRANSPORTATION
$0.559
.608
.663
.549
.520
.718
IN AIR
23
27
9
26
17
16
HOURS
7
11
4
11
10
9
AND
Dispatchers, male:
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and district
Number of employees whose earnings per hour were—
Aver
Num Num
age
90
70
80
50
60
40
30
35
45
25
20
ber of ber of earn Un
$1 $1.25 $1.50 $2
and and and and and and and and and and cents and
local employ ings
and and and
der under
under under under under under under under under under and under under under under
per
ees
units
20
80
90 under $1.25 $1.50 $1.75 $3
50
60
70
30
40
35
45
hour cents 25
cents cents cents cents cents eents cents cents cents cents $1
Mechanics, airplane, licensed, male:
East North Central...........................................
West North Central......... ............................... .
South Atlantic.................. ................................
South Central.............. ....................................
Western...... ...................................................... .
5
a
3
4
8
25
32
16
7
82
.766
.676
.749
.650
.748
1
1
23
162
.734
1
1
16
Mechanics, engine, licensed, male:
North Atlantic_____ __ ____ _______________
East North Central_______________________
West North Central_______________________
South Atlantic.................................................
South Central____________________________
Western__________________________________
4
10
3
3
3
8
9
46
27
20
16
32
.791
.704
.717
.852
.722
.747
1
5
3
Total..............................................................
31
150
.742
12
27
18
10
19
29
72
132
67
59
99
159
.783
.711
.700
.806
.721
.778
1
34
6
4
4
1
15
2
1
2
2
fi
5
2
45
55
30
10
4
3
17
14
5
3
16
2
8
3
9
5
7
1
4
2
3
15
6
1
8
5
2
1
10
38
58
34
7
1
5
5
1
17
5
2
3
1
1
7
30
27
13
48
26
18
44
21
14
28
59
35
28
8
21
11
52
fi
2
7
3
6
5
15
1
5
4
3
5
12
25
151
184
155
41
14
1
2
6
1
4
2
12
9
12
1
10
4
5
6
1
1
3
2
5
2
2
1
1
1
5
4
19
12
13
9
7
40
64
26
13
4
2
1
1
3
14
10
5
5
27
1
1
3
64
10
1
Total.............. ................................................
115
588
.747
Mechanics, airplane or engine, not licensed, male:
North Atlantic___________________________
East North Central_______________________
West North Central........................................
South Atlantic.................................................
South Central..................................................
Western......~ ............................... ...................
5
7
3
5
2
6
9
51
31
39
24
16
.653
.641
.573
.647
.721
.615
TotaL_______________________ __________
28
170
.641
Mechanics, chief, male:
North Atlantic.................................................
East North Central........ ........... .....................
West North Central___________ ___________
South Atlantic........ .........................................
South Central...................................................
Western.............................................................
7
14
8
6
10
25
7
25
17
10
17
43
1.077
1.037
1.088
1.197
1.016
1.069
*1
1
1
3
2
1
2
2
6
1
1
8
5
70
119
1.069
*1
1
10
7
23
1Data included in total but not given by districts, to avoid identification.
1
1
8
4
1
1
11
eoeo
Total..
1
1
1
1
1
*Also paid by another company using same airport.
TABLES
1
1
4
11
GENERAL
Total___________________________________
Mechanics, airplane and engine, licensed, male:
North Atlantic.................................................
East North Central............... ..........................
West North Central.........................................
South Atlantic______ ______ ________ ______
South Central...................................................
Western................ ........................ ...................
7
5
5
4
24
4
11
2
3
2
1
3
to
T a b l e B . — Average
and classified earnings per hour, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation and district—Continued
Occupation, sex, and district
*Nnrth A tlan tic
T?ocf N n rth flftnfrftl
W Acf N ftfth nflnfrnl
flnnth Atlfttltip
firmth nftniTfll
Total___________________________ — .........
Porters, male:
N o rth A tla n tic
T?oof \TATth flftTltfftl
finnth Atlantic
flnnth HftTitrAl
‘KTnrf’h A tlftntip
T?ocf Wrtffh P.flTlf’.’Tft.l
7
17
11
10
10
22
28
72
51
57
42
82
.483
.384
.420
.441
.466
.479
3
77
332
.441
3
5
9
.361
.174
0)
.207
.250
0)
11
6
1
Total.......
.............................................
Badio mechanics, male:
Smith nftntrftl
.549
6
1
W ftof M Affh flftntfftl
W aqt N ftfth OAtllTftl
flnnth A tlftntip
60
_
_
. ...
0)
16
11
0)
28
44
.240
5
4
3
3
3
8
20
15
15
11
25
.749
.725
.716
.637
.751
.624
24
94
.688
6
1
8
2
1
16
4
1
4
3
7
4
2
1
5
11
29
14
1
10
13
3
13
5
14
22
8
10
12
3
9
9
6
7
18
5
11
1
14
16
25
7
2
3
6
1
11
1
52
71
52
72
30
1
3
1
4
5
2
4
4
5
1
5
3
7
3
4
8
6
1
4
9
21
31
16
1
1
1
3
1
26
2
1
2
2
4
6
33
7
1
1
7
4
1
2
3
2
1
1
3
3
2
2
11
7
6
1
3
1
(’)
1
1
TRANSPORTATION
WftfitArn
33
3
IN AIR
Total................................................................
Mechanics’ helpers, not licensed, male:
3 $0,603
34
534
.593
8
6
.529
4
.570
5
.655
HOURS
Western
2
15
6
3
2
5
AND
Mechanics* helpers, licensed, male:
2
2
0)
18
4
7
4
10
1
2
1
1
10
1
13
WAGES
Number of employees whose earnings per hour were—
Aver
Num
Num
age
90
80
50
60
70
40
45
30
35
20
25
ber of ber of earn Un
$1 $1.25 $1.50 $2
and and and and and and and and and and cents and
local employ ings
and and and
der under
under and under under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
ees
per
units
under
20
90 under $1.25 $1.50 under
60
50
70
80
30
35
40
45
hour cents 25
$1.75 $3
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1
3
6
2
1
1
1
2
1
----
Radio operators, male:
North Atlantic____________________________
East North Central........................................
West North Central.......................... ................
South Atlantic............. . ....................................
South Central.....................................................
Western......... .....................................................
10
10
13
11
14
23
20
24
27
21
30
62
.705
.646
.681
.719
.711
.751
184
.712
2
6
3
3
3
7
4
19
13
13
10
23
.535
.559
.496
.514
.601
.599
TotaL...............................................................
24
82
.557
Other ground-personnel employees, skilled, male:
North Atlantic______ _______ ____ __________
East North Central_______________________
West North Central_______________________
South Atlantic____________________________
South Central_____________________________
Western_______
_ ________________ ___
9
11
9
9
8
7
13
40
22
28
16
24
.801
.817
.851
.864
.645
.859
Total_____________________________ ______
53
143
.817
Other ground-personnel employees, unskilled,
male:
North Atlantic_____ _______________________
East North Central__________ _____ ________
West North Central_______________________
8outh Atlantic.......................... ................ ........
South Central......... ...........................................
Western____________________ ____ __________
6
9
3
3
10
5
7
23
15
56
65
15
.363
.380
.434
.381
.364
.445
_______
36
181
.384
All ground-personnel employees, male:
North Atlantic.............___................................
East North Central............... ...........................
West North Central.........................................
South Atlantic...................................................
South CentraL___________ ________________
Western..................... ........................ ............
22
39
28
30
49
46
250
705
385
454
454
663
.678
.629
.641
*.603
.597
.712
TotaL..............................................................
214
2,911
.645
Total--------------------
__ ___
6
9
11
3
18
31
58
78
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
4
7
2
1
4
1
13
1
1
1
3
1
4
2
4
6
2
. . . . . . -----2
——
...._
2
—. . . . . .
4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .■
2
. ......
2
....
~
19 ----------- - .. . . . . . . . . . .
4
29
4
3
1
3
10
1
7
2
4
1
8
13
18
23
6
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
12
6
4
3
6
3
5
3
2
2
5
4
3
1
6
2
3
9
7
6
3
2
11
30
33
20
1
4
6
1
1
1
1
2
1
-- . . . . . .
-----
1
2
=
iData included in total but not given by districts, to avoid identification.
1
11
5
11
11
9
11
1
1
2
1
2
3
2
2
1
7
5
1
4
1
3
5
3
1
2
1
2
7
13
5
17
17
2
3
1
2
5
1
7
1
6
1
1
1
1
2
2
4
2
2
2
3
1
1 ......
16
13
4
4
1
4
12
16
1
1
g
15
15
1
5
6
6
1
1
23
32
40
25
13
6
2
1
U
8
1
2 • 2
12
35
3
3
8
14
13
19
5
4
6
7
17
19
1
19
24
16
34
37
18
13
32
48
32
31
19
21
70
21
35
39
60
19
104
53
66
31
59
50
140
90
82
102
122
42
131
81
48
88
186
50
77
29
43
32
112
17
27
15
36
19
34
10
28
14
22
14
39
1
3
4
2
2
5
2~
35
44
72
54
148
175
246
332
586
576
343
148
127
17
y
2
15
2
1
1
1
1
—. . . .
1
TABLES
81
1
8
2
GENERAL
Total................................................................
Stock clerks, male:
North Atlantic_______ _____________ _____
East North Central__ ________________ „_____
West North Central_______________________
South Atlantic____________________________
South Central_____________________________
Western—
_______ ________
1
T a b l e B . — Average
and classified earnings per hour, 1981, ground personnel only, by occupation and district—Continued
$0,445
.493
.535
.517
.474
.487
1
1
.497
22
39
28
30
49
46
254
720
394
476
465
690
.675
.626
.639
.599
.595
.703
Total-....................................... - .....................
214
2,999
.640
15
12
8
1
36
1
3
3
3
1
3
1
2
1
2
2
4
4
1
2
1
2
1
1
11
1
3
1
18
11
18
14
12
7
1
1
3
12
3
14
13
2
36
3
8
21
5
4
6
7
17
20
1
20
28
17
34
38
29
13
34
49
37
32
21
21
72
23
42
41
65
20
107
56
69
32
62
51
142
91
84
104
126
42
131
81
52
89
188
50
77
30
43
32
112
17
28
15
36
19
34
10
28
14
22
14
39
1
3
4
2
2
5
2
45
75
55
166
186
264
346
598
583
344
149
127
17
7
1
1
4
1
1
TRANSPORTATION
88
2
2
7
2
5
2
1
6
1
2
IN AIR
36
1
4
1
1
HOURS
4
15
9
22
11
27
All ground-personnel employees, male and
female:
North Atlantic
- ___ ___ ___ - _____
East North Central________________________
West North Central_
___________ South Atlantic. _____ ______________________
South Central -_ ___________
Western . . . . . . . . . . ______________________
Total- ____
1
2
g
6
7
5
8
AND
All ground-personnel employees, female:
North Atlantic
East North central
,r West North Central
South Atlantic
South Central
Western___ __ __ _
_
______
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and district
Number of employees whose earnings per hour wereAver
Num Num
age
70
80
90
50
60
40
45
30
35
20
25
ber of ber of •earn Un
$1 $1.25 $1.50 $2
and and and and and and and and and and cents and
local employ ings
and and and
der under
and
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
under
units
per
ees
under under
under
20
80
90 under $1.25 under
50
60
70
40
45
30
35
hour cents 25
$1.50 $1.75 $3
cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents cents $1
25
GENERAL TABLES
T
ablb
C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week, 1931, ground personnel
only, &?/ occupation and district
Aver
Num age
Num ber
full
of
ber of
Occupation, sex, and district local em time
hours
ploy
units ees
per
week
Agents, traffic, male:
Number of employees whose full-time hours per week
were—
Un
der
42
44
50
48
21
43
14
22
40
30
170
13
22
13
17
22
16
103
21
43
16
23
41
31
175
48.0
48.0
47.3
48.1
48.2
48.2
48.0
1
7
3
1
2
3
17
0
20
6
5
41
0
48.2
48.0
0
52.0
48.0
48.3
Western__________ _____
Total
. . . . ____
1
11
8
6
8
9
43
0
23
16
24
25
18
107
0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.7
4a o
48.2
0
23
16
24
20
18
102
Crew chiefs, male:
North Atlantic
__
East North Central
West North Central_
South A tlantic..______
South Central...................
Total..............................
1
9
1
1
2
14
0
25
0
(*>
2
44
0
49.2
0)
0
48.0
48.7
0
20
0
Dispatchers, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central____
West North Central_____
South A tla n tic..._______
South C entral...._______
Western............................
Total________________
7
11
4
11
10
9
52
23 48.8
27 48.0
9 48.0
26 48.3
17 45.9
16 48.0
118 47.9
14
27
9
22
16
16
104
3
3
1
2
2
2
13
48.0
47.6
0
48.0
3 49.7
3 48.0
25 48.0
4
9
4
3
5
5
30
7
28
6
7
9
16
73
Western.............................
Chauffeurs, male:
Western............ ................
Clerks and
male:
(,)2
2
2
1
1
50H
54
1
56
60
70
77
and
over
1
1
1
1
0
18
6
0
1
5
38
1
1
1
2
stenographers,
West North Central_____
Inspectors, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central........ .
West North Central_____
South Atlantic__________
South Central__________
Western.............................
Total..............................
Janitors, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central..........
West North Central_____
South Atlantic__________
South Central__ ____ ___
Western__________ _____
Total..............................
Machinists and toolmakers,
male:
East North Central..........
West North Central.........
South Central..................
Western.........................
Total________________
5
9
1
4
1
5
(,)2
39
1
1
5
9
4
13
5
8
1
0
1
2
1
3
22
2
2
1.... '
5
1
1
2
9
51.4
54.7
60.0
51.4
51.1
49.7
53.0
3
1
1
10 46.4
4
5 48.0
19 47.2
4
h
1Data included in total.
4
5
15
4
5
6
14
49
2
5
2
5
8
6
5
15
sIncluding 1 at 63.
2
2
1
J2
27
6
1
2
6
3
26
WAGES AND HOURS IN A IR TRANSPORTATION
T able
C.— Average and classified full-time hours per week, 1931, ground personnel
only, by occupation and district— Continued
Aver
age
Num Num
ber
of
full
of em time
Occupation, sex, and district ber
local
hours
units ploy
ees per
week
Mechanics, airplane, licensed,
male:
Western_______ ____ ___
Total..............................
Mechanics, engine, licensed,
male:
Western.............................
Total..............................
Mechanics, airplane and en
gine, licensed, male:
West North Central___
Western................. ...........
Total..............................
Mechanics, airplane or engine,
not licensed, male:
North Atlantic
East North Central
West North Central
South Atlantic.
South Central__
Western............................
Total..............................
Mechanics, chief, male:
North Atlantic . .
East North Central ____
West North Central _ _
South Atlantic__________
South Central__________
Western............ —......... .
Total............................ .
Mechanics’ helpers, licensed,
male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central ____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic__________
South Central__________
Western............................
Total..............................
Mechanics’ helpers, not li
censed, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central..........
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western.............................
Total..............................
Porters, male:
North Atlantic.................
East North Central_____
West North Central.........
South Atlantic.................
South Central...................
Western.............................
Total..............................
iData included ia total.
5
3
3
4
8
23
25
32
16
7
82
162
46.3
48.0
48.0
48.9
48.0
47.8
4
10
3
3
3
8
31
9
46
27
20
16
32
150
48.0
47.3
48.0
48.0
50.1
48.0
48.0
12
27
18
10
19
29
115
72
132
67
59
99
159
588
48.0
48.6
4& 1
4a 0
49.5
48.0
48.4
5
7
3
5
2
6
28
9
51
31
39
24
16
170
48.0
47.1
48. 0
48.0
49.1
48.0
47.9
7
14
8
6
10
25
70
7
25
17
10
17
43
119
48.0
47.3
48.0
48.0
48.7
48.2
4a 0
2
15
6
3
2
5
33
3
34
8
6
4
5
60
48.0
47.3
47.3
48.0
50.5
4a 0
47.7
7
17
11
10
10
22
77
28
72
51
57
42
82
332
48.0
49.7
47.9
48.0
49.2
48.0
4a 5
3
6
1
11
6
1
28
5 48.0
9 48.0
0)
0)
16 48.0
11 48.7
0)
0)
44 48.2
Number of employees whose full-time hours per week
were—
Un
der
42
44
48
15
7
32
16
2
82
139
1
16
16
1
17
1
1
8
8
17
17
6
6
1
1
1
1
6
6
12
12
9
25
27
20
32
113
72
105
64
59
53
159
512
9
30
31
39
13
16
138
7
18
17
10
12
42
106
50
50H
54
60
56
70
77
and
over
3
4
4
3
5
15
15
5
19
2
39
3
4
39
24
4
4
11
11
4
1
5
5
1
1
1
3
28
7
6
4
5
53
28
32
50
57
24
82
273
5
9
0)
16
10
0)
43
28
1
17
17
28
— —
1
1
1
27
gen eral tables
T
able
C .—
Average and classified full-time hours per week, 1981, ground personnel
only, by occupation and district— Continued
Aver
Num age
Num- ber
of full
Occupation, sex, and district local em time
hours
units ploy
ees
per
week
Radio mechanics, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western............................
Total..............................
Radio operators, male:
North Atlantic.............. .
East North Central_____
West North Central........
South Atlantic.._______
Western............................
Total..............................
Stock clerks, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central_- ________
Western............................
Total.......... ...................
Other ground-personnel em
ployees, skilled, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western............................
Total..............................
Other ground-personnel em
ployees, not skilled, male:
North Atlantic_________
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western________________
Total..............................
All ground-personnel em
ployees, male:
Nortn Atlantic_________
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western............Total..............................
All ground-personnel em
ployees, female:
North Atlantic____ _____
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western............................
Total..............................
All ground-personnel em
ployees, male and female:
North Atlantic__ - _____
East North Central_____
West North Central_____
South Atlantic_________
South Central__________
Western. . ......
Total________________
5
4
3
3
6
3
24
10
10
13
11
14
23
81
Un
der
42
44
48
50
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
8
20
15
15
11
25
94
20 48.0
24 48.0
27 48.0
21 48.0
30 49.9
62 48.4
184 48.4
20
24
27
21
23
59
174
8
20
15
15
11
25
94
2
6
3
3
3
7
24
4
19
13
13
10
23
82
48.0
46.7
48.0
48.0
49.8
48.0
47.9
9
11
9
9
8
7
53
13
40
22
28
16
24
143
48.2
47.8
47.7
48.1
49.0
48.0
4g.O
6
9
3
3
10
5
36
7
23
15
56
65
15
181
52.9
55.3
52.4
48.0
51. 2
55.. 7
51.3
22 250
39
705
28 385
30 454
49 454
46 663
214 2.911
48.3
48.5
48.3
48.1
49.4
48.3
48.5
2
8
6
7
5
8
36
4
15
9
22
11
27
88
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
48.0
22
39
28
30
49
46
254
720
394
476
465
690
48.3
48.5
48.3
48.1
49.3
48.3
214 2,999
48.5
i Data included in total.
Number of employees whose full-time hours per week
were—
6
6
1
1
4
4
1
1
56
60
70
77
and
over
7
7
1
1
1
1
3
2
5
16
13
56
31
11
132
236
522
373
446
2 287
1
652
7 100 2.516
6
54
7
3
10
4
13
13
13
3
23
69
12
35
21
27
12
24
131
50H
3
1
1
1
27
27
10
72
2
98
6
16
1
134
134
3
1
78
""
1
4
1
5
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
7
2
1
23
5 22
29 | 28
8
4
2
3
3
12
5
4
3
3
15
4
15
9
22
11
27
88
240
537
382
468
298
679
10
7 100 2,604
16
6
1
98
2
3
72
2
1
134
3
1
23
5
2
1
22
134
78
29
»8
6
* Including 1 at 63.
1
7
5
4
3
3
8
15
T able
D.— Average and classified actual earnings in one week, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation and district
Total......................................................................
103
175
30.07
Chauffeurs, male:
North Atlantic_______________ _____ ___________
East North Central___________________________
West North Central__________________ ________
South Atlantic________________________________
South Central________________________________
Western______________________________________
1
7
3
1
2
3
(0
20
6
0)
2
5
(0
26.09
23.31
0)
17.31
29.77
Total_______________________________________
17
41
27.14
Clerks and stenographers, male:
North Atlantic________________________________
East North Central___________________________
West North Central___________________________
South Atlantic________________________________
South Central________________________________
Western____ _________________________________
1
11
8
6
8
9
(0
23
16
24
25
18
(0
22.96
25.65
29.74
23.73
31.74
107
26.54
Total......................................................................
43
Crew chiefs, male:
North Atlantic._______________________________
____________ ______________
West North Central___________________ - ______
South Atlantic_________________________ __ ___
South Central________________________ ________
1
9
1
1
2
T otal-_________________________________ ____
14
44
45.17
8
14
2
$35
and
un
der
$40
$40
and
un
der
$45
1
2
4
1
2
7
6
8
2
8
9
4
6
10
1
8
7
3
3
12
6
3
12
17
3
1
1
4
1
2
2
16
37
35
53
8
1
1
16
4
0)
1
1
0)
1
2
2
4
22
5
7
1
0)
11
6
8
7
1
2
3
4
4
5
2
3
6
5
4
1
1
1
1
3
6
3
1
4
1
1
6
I
1
5
15
34
18
20
7
2
4
1
1
2
1
----
2
$30
and
un
der
$35
__
0)
(0
25 North
East
43.31 Central
(0
(i)
0)
0)
2 40.19
2
$25
and
un
der
$30
1
_____
2
4
2
4
2
$20
and
un
der
$25
0)
1
1
0)
__ !.....
4
$60
and
un
der
$65
(0
<*>
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
<*>
7
0)
3
0)
1
4
9
1
2
$55
and
un
der
$60
2
4
1
0)
0)
15
$65
and
un
der
$70
$70
and
un
der
$75
$75
and
un
der
$80
$80
and
un
der
$85
$85
and $90
un and
der over
$90
TRANSPORTATION
$27.65
31.17
33.12
28.69
29.04
32.49
$50
and
un
der
$55
$15
and
un
der
$20
IN AIR
21
43
16
23
41
31
$45
and
un
der
$50
$10
and
un
der
$15
HOURS
13
22
13
17
22
16
$5
and
un
der
$10
AND
Agents, traffic, male:
North A£1antic
............ ................ . . ___
East North Central___________________________
West North Central___________________________
South Atlantic
South Central____________ ____________________
Western______________ _____ _
_ __ _
Number of employees whose earnings in one week were—
WAGES
Occupation, sex, and district
Aver
age ac
Num Num
tual
ber
of
ber of em- earn
local
ings
in Un
pi>yder
units ees
one
$5
week
2
7
1
Dispatchers, male:
North Atlantic.........................................................
East North Central___________________________
West North Central--................... ........... .............
South Atlantic__________________________ _____
South Central__________ ______ _______________
Western_______ ______________________________
7
11
4
11
10
9
23
27
9
26
17
16
27.26
29.-17
31.82
26.54
23.86
34.46
Total............. ........................................................
52
118
28.37
3
3
1
2
2
2
5
9
W2
3
3
49.84
43.63
0)
49.04
47.31
51.22
Inspectors, male:
North Atlantic_______________________________
East North Central___________________________
West North Central__________________________
South Atlantic________________________ _______
South Central________________________________
Total______________________________________
4
1
1
1
4
1
10
4
7
2
7
4
3
9
7
3
12
7
2
4
10
1
6
1
6
2
1
1
27
40
27
3
7
1
1
1
2
3
0)
1
1
0)
1
2
1
1
1
7
6
6
2
1
0)
3
1
---
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
25
46.87
4
9
4
3
5
5
7
28
6
7
9
16
20.36
18.19
23-58
14.01
14.39
24.11
Total____________ __________________________
30
73
19.27
10
5
1
1 ■
2
5
44.12
1
3
8
34.68
0)
3
0)
2
9
19
40.36
5
7
2
3
1
5
3
3
4
8
25
32
16
7
82
39.81
31.67
40.33
32.84
39.75
9
6
7
3
34
4
5
4
3
4
1
1
2
4
1
1
3
13
1
1
1
11
4
1
6
7
23
162
37.92
59
25
22
8
6
9
8
Total______________________________________
Mechanics, airplane, licensed, male:
East North Central........................ ........................
West North Central---------------------------------------South Atlantic________________________________
South Central_______________________________ _•
Western______________________________________
Total______________________________________
*Data included in total.
8
14
1
3
8
1
25
1
--- --- ....
1
3
1
2
4
1
1
4
4
1
12
1
6
2
2
9
4
2
18
12
4
4
3
2
1
1
7
1
1
2
6
4
12
2
1
TABLES
Machinists and toolmakers, male:
East North Central........................ ........................
West North Central............... ................................
Sou^hfCentral_____________________
1
GENERAL
13
Janitors, male:
North Atlantic_______________________ ________
East North Central___________________________
West North C entral--.—
South Atlantic________________________________
South Central________________________________
Western______________________________________
1
1
1
1
1
1
T able D.— Average and classified actual earnings in one week, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation and district— Continued
Occupation, sex, and district
Woof North Cpntral
South Atlantic
South Central
Western_____ ______________ _______ __________
Mechanics, airplane or engine, not licensed, male'
36.83 ____
12
27
18
10
19
29
72
132
67
59
99
159
38.48
3n. 78
33.87
38.78
35.85
37.92
115
588
37.01
Western.....................................................................
9
51
31
39
24
16
32.27
34.18
25.68
31.59
35.52
30.10
Total......................................................................
28
170
31.74
7
14
8
6
10
25
7
25
17
10
17
43
53.36
49.91
53.84
57.46
49.52
51.59
70
119
51.86
Mechanics, chief, male:
North Atlantic
■Root Mnrth CAntral
WAof fjA fth
PAntral
Rnnth Atlantip
Sm ith flAntral
Western.....................................................................
Total
............ .................................
1
1
1
1
1
3
5
5
1
2
6
2
10
6
9
3
8
3
1
4
3
3
20
6
5
11
11
5
5
1
13
56
22
38
10
5
1
12
17
1
5
7
18
38
22
22
45
44
8
27
14
5
23
34
30
29
9
19
12
46
7
13
3
7
10
11
2
4
1
2
2
5
2
2
5
7
1
1
1
7
2
22
43
189
111
145
16
6
------ -------
1
2
” 4"
1
4
4
1
12
8
6 —. . .
9
7
5
1
6
23
49
41
17
1
3
1
1
2
1
3
1
9
.....
6
1
3
1
3
2
$80
and
un
der
$85
$85
and $90
un and
der over
$90
1
1
2
—
— — --------
■=
1
2
2
1
1
—
5
10
9
16
2
7
$75
and
un
der
$80
1
1
1
6
9
5
1
1
$70
and
un
der
$75
1
2
51
$65
and
un
der
$70
1
3
1
.........
5
7
3
5
2
6
N o rth A tla n tir
TEoel Nrtfth P/Antfftl
W o o f W nffh Ppntral
floiith Atlantip
ffniith n^ntfft]
1
$60
and
un
der
$65
1
===== = =
=====_____
=
=
1
1
19
9
3
1
1
6
1
2
6
4
2
11
4
1
2
1
1
1
2
3
4
-....
13
2
1
5
4
2
13
7
12
20
33
27
1
3
1
3
1
2
2
5
7
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
F===
TRANSPORTATION
Total
150
1
1
$55
and
un
der
$60
IN AIR
"Kact M nrfh n «n trn l
31
$15 $20 $25 $30 $35 $40 $45 $50
and and and and and and and and
un un un un un un un un
der der der der der der der der
$20 $25 $30 $35 $40 $45 $50 $55
HOURS
Total
Mechanics, airplane and engine, licensed, male:
North Atlantic
9 $37.98
46 36.64
27 34 02
20 41.64
16 35.10
32 37.00
$10
and
un
der
$15
AND
Western....................................................................
4
10
3
3
3
8
Number of employees whose earnings in one week were—
WAGES
Mechanics, engine, licensed, male:
Aver
Num age ac
Num ber
S5
tual
of
ber of em earn
Un
local ploy ings in der and
un
units ees
$5 der
one
week
$10
Mechanics’ helpers, licensed, male:
North Atlantic................................
East North Central_____________
West North Central----- ------------South Atlantic.............- ..................
South Central___________ _______
Western............ ...............................
2
15
6
3
2
5
3
34
8
6
4
5
30.57
26.76
29.12
25.39
28.57
26.63
1
11
1
3
Total.............................................
33
60
27.24
Mechanics’ helpers, not licensed, male:
North Atlantic................. ..............
East North Central......... ..............
West North Central.......................
South Atlantic__________________
South Central______ _______ ____
Western........ ...... ............................
17
11
10
10
22
28
72
51
57
42
82
23.96
19.88
20.21
22.55
23.29
23. 57
3
4
4
1
1
1
17
3
2
4
3
17
30
10
2
1
1
7
17
23
16
12
30
4
13
3
10
14
22
8
2
2
2
4
6
4
1
3
2
1
9
21
17
16
8
18
4
33
89
105
66
24
9
2
1
2
4
7
2
1
1
2
4
5
2
3
4
3
4
3
1
4
1
332
22.08
3
6
1
11
6
1
5
9
0)
16
11
0)
17.31
8.35
0)
9.93
12.17
0)
5
2
4
4
4
0)
5
3
(*>
5
13
11
15
T o ta l...........................................
28
44
11.54
Radio mechanics, male:
North Atlantic...............................
East North Central........................
West North Central.......................
South Atlantic................................
South Central.......... ................ ......
Western............. .............................
5
4
3
3
6
3
8
20
15
15
11
25
35.96
34.81
34.12
30.58
36.07
29.94
Total............................................
24
94
32.97
Radio operators, male:
jSTorth Atlantic............ ...................
'East North Central........................
West North Central.......................
'South Atlantic................................
.South Central.................................
Western...........................................
10
10
13
11
14
23
20
24
27
21
30
62
33.85
31.00
32.71
34.50
35.43
36.36
1
8
3
Total.............................................
81
184
34.49
14
1
1
10
3
5
8
3
6
6
7
14
14
35
19
8
2
3
1
16
7
14
14
15
26
1
5
6
13
26
2
2
1
6
1
9
6
92
51
21
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
TABLES
77
1
GENERAL
T ota l............................................
1
18
6
4
3
2
Porters, male:
North Atlantic_________________
East North Central........................
West North Central.......................
South Atlantic............ ...................
South Central....... ..........................
Western_____ _________ ________
*Data included in total.
2
2
00
T a b le D .— Average and classified actual earnings in one week, 1931, ground personnel only, by occupation and district— Continued
Occupation, sex, and district
_____...........................
.
2
6
3
3
3
7
4
19
13
13
10
23
$25.68
28 09
23.47
24.68
29.89
28.75
27.10
9
11
9
9
8
7
13
40
22
28
16
24
40.01
41.08
35.68
41.52
31.73
41.11
Total......................................................................
53
143
39.19
Other ground-personnel employees, unskilled, male:
North Atlantic________________________________
East North Central___________________________
West North Central___________________________
South Atlantic___ __ __________________________
South C e n t r a l ........__ ______________________
Western, i.. . . . . . . . . . . . . _______________________
6
9
3
3
10
5
7
23
15
56
65
15
19.19
21.99
21.41
18.62
18.73
26.30
36
181
19.98
22
39
28
30
250
705
385
454
33.26
32.16
30.50
29.48
Total____ ___ __________________
All ground-personnel employees, male:
North Atlantic__________________________ _____
East North Central____________ ___________ _
West North C e n tr a l.....______________________
South Atlantic..................... ....................................
2
12
$35
and
un
der
$40
1
5
1
5
3
14
3
2
1
2
4
18
29
12
3
3
2
2
12
5
8
5
4
3
6
2
2
5
2
5
3
2
1
5
3
3
2
6
1
1
2~
1
1
36
18
18
16
6
5
1
16
40
16
38
7
29
8
7
5
11
7
11
1
9
1
1
2
$40
and
un
der
$45
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
2
9
17
2
5
3
23
31
2
2
5
7
18
21
5
5
1
6
1
5
1
2
1
1
2
2
3
2
9
8
2
1
2
4
24
66
58
18
7
3
1
9
5
5
3
40
12
21
26
40
42
57
32
110
71
69
29
104
64
79
63
150
82
92
22
75
39
16
44
84
33
47
2
$45
and
un
der
$50
1
1
2
4
1
7
1
2
3
5
5
4
1
4
4
2
3
3
1
$30
and
un
der
$35
$50
and
un
der
$55
$55
and
un
der
$60
$60
and
un
der
$65
2
1
1
$65
and
un
der
$70
$70
and
un
der
$75
$75
and
un
der
$80
$80
and
un
der
$85
$85
and $90
un and
der over
$90
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
2
1
4
2
1
1
2
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
4
3
1
TRANSPORTATION
82
2
1
4
5
$25
and
un
der
$30
IN AIR
24
Other ground-personnel employees, skilled, male:
North Atlantic________________________________
East North Central___________________________
West North Central___________________________
South Atlantic________________________________
South Central_______________ __ ______________
W e s te r n ......_________________ ______________
1
1
$20
and
un
der
$25
HOURS
T otal.
_
$15
and
un
der
$20
AND
Stock clerks, male:
North Atlantic________
_ __ __
East North Central__________________
West North Central_____ __________________
South Atlantic______
South Central_______ . __ ____ __
'Western
_
„ JL.
Number of employees whose earnings in one week were—
WAGES
Aver
Num Num age ac
ber
of
tual
$5 $10
ber of em
earn Un and and
local
ings
in der un un
ployunits ees
one
$5 der der
week
$10 $15
South Central.................................................... .
Western.............................................................. .
Total.................................................................
454
663
29.58
35.13
214 2,911
31.89
49
46
6
8
2
30
3
62
27
62
81
49
84
118
180
60
107
29
90
24
27
6
22
4
23
9
2
6
1
1
1
29
109
254
425
409
685
319
327
161
79
61
20
15
4
1
3
3
1
1
1
4
2
2
2
11
4
2
12
3
8
1
4
3
4
3
3
1
1
1
5
4
1
1
4
20
29
18
12
2
1
1
4
41
12
21
32
3
27
44
44
57
64
38
32
114
73
81
65
89
30
108
67
83
52
87
64
151
83
97
118
184
22
75
39
16
61
108
44
84
34
47
29
90
16
41
16
38
24
27
7
29
8
7
6
22
5
11
7
11
4
23
1
9
1
1
1
2
1
1
3
9
4
3
2
5
113
274
454
427
697
321
328
162
79
61
20
15
2
8
6
7
5
8
4
15
9
22
11
27
21.35
23.65
25.68
24.82
22.76
23.39
1
Total----------------------------------- -------------------
36
88
23.85
1
All ground-personnel employees, male and female:
North Atlantic................. —...............................
East North Central............................................
West North Central...........................................
South Atlantic....................................................
South Central.....................................................
W estern............................................................ .
22
39
28
30
49
46
254
720
394
476
465
690
33.07
31.98
30.39
29.27
29.42
34.67
6
9
5
5
8
2
214 2,999
31.66
7
29
Total........ ....................... ................................
1
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
3
1
TABLES
1
1
1
GENERAL
All ground-personnel employees, female:
North Atlantic............ ............. ..........................
East North Central--------------- -------- ------------West North Central............... . . ........................
South Atlantic................................................... .
South Central.....................................................
Western...............................................................
Appendix
Air Transportation Occupational Terms, Definitions, and Classification
by Bureau of Labor Statistics
Airport term
Agent, passenger..
Agent, traffic........
Agent, transportation.
Airplane cleaner..........
Airplane inspector____
Airplane mechanic, li
censed.
Airplane mechanic, not
licensed.
Airplane-service me
chanic, licensed.
Airplane washer..
Definition
Classified by bureau
under—
(See Ticket agent)......................................................... Agents, traffic.
Supervises dispatch of planes, sells tickets, makes
Do.
reservations, and routes passengers to best advan
tage.
(See Ticket agent).........................................................
Do.
(See Ship cleaner)...................................... ................. . Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
(See Inspector)......................................... ........... ........ Inspectors.
(See Mechanic, airplane, licensed).............................. Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
(See Mechanic, airplane or engine, not licensed)____ Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
A skilled mechanic who makes any minor repairs and Mechanics, airplane, li
adjustments to planes until it is necessary to take
censed.
the plane temporarily out of service and send it to
the shop for complete overhaul. Also holds a
U. S. Department of Commerce aircraft license.
(See Ship cleaner)...............................................- ......... Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed).
Mechanics, chief.
Airplane and engine
maintenance fore
man, licensed.
Airplane and engine (See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed)........... Mechanics, airplane and
mechanic, licensed.
engine, licensed.
Airplane or engine me (See Mechanic, airplane or engine, not licensed)....... Mechanics, airplane or
chanic, not licensed.
engine, not licensed.
Apprentice.................. . A workman learning the duties of a particular trade Other ground-personnel
under contract to serve a definite period of time.
employees, unskilled.
(See Foreman, battery department)........................... . Other ground-personnel
Battery department
foreman.
employees, skilled.
Battery
department Assists foreman of battery department in charging Other ground-personnel
and repairing batteries used for ignition current in
helper.
employees, unskilled.
plane engines.
Beach master.............. . Supervises take-of! and docking of planes, assists pas
Do.
sengers to and from planes, and cares for luggage.
Accompanies seaplanes on take-off and arrival and
Boatman..................
Do.
stands by for any possible mishap.
Boss mechanic, licensed. (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)................................... . Mechanics, chief.
Bus driver................... . (See Chauffeur)............................................................. Chauffeurs.
Cabin overhaul me A skilled woodworker or cabinetmaker, who repairs Mechanics, airplane, li
window and door moldings, paneling, etc., in cabins
chanic, licensed.
censed.
of planes. Also holds a U. S. Department of Com
merce aircraft license.
(See Cable splicer)........................................................ Other ground-personnel
Cable man__
employees, skilled.
Attaches cable fittings to wing struts and fuselage
Cable splicer..
Do.
and splices and installs rudder, elevator, and aileron
cables for control of the plane.
Carburetor mechanic, A skilled employee who specializes in the repair, over Mechanics, engine, li
haul, and adjustment of carburetors. Holds a U. S.
licensed.
censed.
Department of Commerce engine mechanic’s liCarburetor mechanic,
not licensed.
Caretaker, field........... .
Carpenter, foreman___
Carpenter, hangar..
Carpenter, mainte
nance.
Chauffeur....................
34
Works under supervision of a licensed mechanic, as he
does not hold a U. S. Department of Commerce
mechanic’s license. (See Carburetor mechanic, li
censed.)
(See Laborer, field)......................................................
Supervises work done by maintenance carpenters,
and also does some productive work about the
hangar.
Does repair work or makes necessary changes in the
maintenance of wooden structural parts in and
about the hangar and shop.
(See Carpenter, hangar).............................................. .
Drives bus, limousine, etc., used for taking passen
gers to and from the airport and business section of
the city being served. Also drives trucks used for
hauling fuel and express shipments.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Do.
Do.
Chauffeurs.
APPENDIX— OCCUPATIONAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
35
Airport term
Definition
Classified by bureau
under—
Check mechanic, licensed.
Chief dispatcher.-.
(See General airplane and engine maintenance me
chanic, licensed).
Supervises work done by all dispatchers at larger air
ports.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)....................................
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Chief inspector, li
censed.
Chief mechanic, li
-do..
censed.
Chief motor mechanic,
.do..
licensed.
Chief radio mechanic... Supervises work done by radio mechanics and also
does some productive work.
Chief radio operator, Supervises radio operators at larger airports and also
licensed.
does some productive work. Holds a U. S. De
partment of Commerce radio-operator’s license.
Chief ship mechanic, (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)...................................
licensed.
Chief stock clerk_____ Has charge of stock room; keeps records of supplies
received and those passed out to mechanics, and is
responsible also for maintenance of necessary supply
of repair parts for planes and engines.
(See Ship cleaner)....... ..................................................
Cleaner, airplane..
Do.
Do.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Do.
Mechanics, chief.
Other ground-personne
employees, skilled.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
.do_
Do.
Must see that the following documents required by Clerks and stenogra
planes departing from the United States for foreign
phers.
countries are prepared and ready for use: A pas
senger list, a report of personal baggage, manifest
of cargo, and a bill of health.
Do.
Clerk............................. (See Operations clerk)................................................. .
Clerk, communications.
Do.
_do_
Clerk, ticket office------ Maintains files of correspondence and other office
Do.
records of traffic department; may also type letters.
Clerk and stenographer. Takes stenographic notes for correspondence; oper
Do.
ates typewriter or teletype machine; gives esti
mates on repair of planes or engines; prepares
clearance papers of planes between the United
States and foreign countries; maintains records of
fuel consumption, flight-hours, time worked by
employees, etc.
Controls plane during flight as a relief to the pilot. Copilots.
Copilot.
If a licensed radio operator, maintains communi
cation with ground stations, and also acts in ca
pacity of steward. Usually holds a U. S. Depart
ment of Commerce transport-pilot’s license.
Communications clerk. (See Operations clerk)------------------ ------------------------ Clerks and stenogra
phers.
Cowl man, licensed___ (See Sheet-metal worker, licensed)_________________ Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Cowl man, not licensed (See Sheet-metal worker, not licensed)_____________ Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Crew chief................... Acts as subforeman over a small group of repair me Crew chiefs.
chanics. Usually holds both aircraft and engine
mechanic’s licenses from the U. S. Department of
Commerce.
Crew chief, radios..
(See Chief radio mechanic)__________ - ____________ Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Dispatcher............ .
Records time of arrival and departure of planes. At Dispatchers.
some of the larger airports, which are equipped
with electric signals, directs air traffic by operating
Cleaner, plane. _
Clearance clerk -
(See Chief dispatcher)................................................. . Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Uses spray gun or brush to apply a preparation
Do.
known as ’ ‘ dope” to fabric covering of airplanes
for the purpose of shrinking and weatherproofing.
Driver, bus................. . (See Chauffeur).......... .................................................. Chauffeurs.
Do.
Driver, truck.............. . (See Truck driver; Gas-truck driver)..........................
Dural mechanic, li (See Sheet-metal worker, licensed)______ _____ _____ Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
censed.
Electrician, airplane, Installs and repairs such electrical equipment as wing Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
not licensed.
lights, landing lights, etc. Sometimes repairs
engine ignition systems. Works under supervision
of a licensed mechanic, as he does not hold a U. S.
Department of Commerce mechanic’s license.
Electrician, field___
Installs and repairs hangar lights, beacon lights, Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
border lights, flood lights, etc., at airport.
Electrician, hangar..
Installs and keeps in repair hangar lights and various
electrical shop equipment.
Engine change foreman, (See Mechanic, chief, licensed).................................... Mechanics, chief.
licensed.
Engine mechanic, li (See Mechanic, engine, licensed).................................. Mechanics, engine, li
censed.
censed.
Engine overhaul fore (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)..................................... Mechanics, chief.
man, licensed.
Dispatcher, chief..
Doper....................
36
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
Airport term
Definition
Engine-service me
chanic, licensed.
A skilled workman who makes any minor repairs and
adjustments to engines until such time as the engine
is “ pulled” to be sent to the shop for complete over
haul. Assists in “ pulling" old engines and install
ing new or overhauled ones. Also holds a U. S. De
partment of Commerce engine-mechanic’s license.
Estimator___________ Computes probable cost of repair work on planes or
engines for individual owners and companies.
Fabric worker, not li Cuts, fits, and sews the fabric used for covering wings,
tail units, etc. Works under supervision of a li
censed.
censed mechanic, as he does not hold a U. S. Depart
ment of Commerce mechanic’s license.
Field clerk----------------- (See Dispatcher)______ __________________________
Field electrician______ (See Electrician, field)____________________________
Field foreman, licensed. (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)____________________
Field keeper................. (See Watchman)...........................................................
Field man..................... (See Laborer, field)...................................................... .
Field manager, small (See Mechanic, chief, licensed.) At large airports,
this position is similar to manager of operations,
airport, licensed.
which position was not included in the bureau’s
study.
Field-service foreman, (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)____________________
licensed.
Field-traffic agent........ (See Ticket agent)....................................................... .
Field-traffic manager... Has charge of the passenger traffic department; in ad
dition makes personal contact with prospective pas
sengers and civic organizations, and endeavors to
stimulate “ air-mindedness” or passenger traffic.
Ford inspector----------- (See Inspector)............................................................. .
Ford repairman, li A highly skilled metal worker who specializes on du
ralumin work. Also holds a U. S. Department of
censed.
Commerce aircraft license.
Foreman, airplane and (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)____________________
engine maintenance,
licensed.
Foreman, battery de Supervises charging and rebuilding of batteries used
partment.
for ignition current in airplane engines. Also does
some productive work.
Foreman, carpenter—
(See Carpenter, foreman).................................. ..........
F o re m a n , en g in e (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)...................... ..............
change, licensed.
Foreman, engine over
-do_
haul, licensed.
Foreman, field service,
_do.
licensed.
Foreman, machinist— (See Machinist’s foreman)------Foreman, mechanics,
licensed.
Foreman, radio main
tenance.
Foreman, service crew,
licensed.
Foreman, sheet-metal
workers, licensed.
Foreman, shop, liForeman, woodwork
ing, licensed.
Gas man_____________
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed).
(See Chief radio mechanic).......
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed),
- . - d o .........................................
Classified by bureau
under—
Mechanics,
censed.
engine,
li
Clerks and stenogra
phers.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Dispatchers.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Do.
Agents, traffic.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Inspectors.
Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
Mechanics, chief.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Do.
Mechanics, chief.
Do.
Do.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Do.
-d o.
Do.
-d o.
Do.
Refills fuel tanks of planes with gasoline and oil under Other ground-personnel
proper supervision of head lineman.
employees, unskilled.
Gas-truck driver_____ Drives gasoline truck and fuels planes under proper Chauffeurs.
supervision.
General airplane and A skilled mechanic who, between time of arrival and Mechanics, airplane and
departure of planes, examines thoroughly the
engine, licensed.
engine maintenance
planes, engines, or both, making any minor repairs
mechanic, licensed.
or adjustments. Sometimes called operations me
chanic, line mechanic, or check mechanic. Holds
both U. S. Department of Commerce aircraft and
engine mechanic’s licenses.
Hangar chief, licensed.. (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)................................... . Mechanics, chief.
Performs clerical duties in hangar, maintains records Clerks and stenogra
Hangar clerk_______
phers.
of fuel consumption, pilots’ fiight-hours, etc.
Hangar electrician------ (See Electrician, hangar)............................................. . Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Hangar maintenance General all-round man whose duties are the upkeep
and repair of machine shop and hangar equipment,
mechanic.
alignment of shafting, pulleys, belts, etc.
Hangar man, night----- (See Watchman).......................................................... . Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Mechanics, airplane and
Hangar mechanic, li (See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed).
engine, licensed.
censed.
APPENDIX— OCCUPATIONAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Definition
Classified by bureau
u n d er-
Supervises and assists in refilling fuel tanks of planes
with gasoline and oil.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)_________________
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Airport term
Head lineman-------Head mechanic, li
censed.
Inspector--------------
Inspector, chief, li
censed.
Instrument engineer...
Instrument mechanic,
licensed.
Instrument mechanic's
helper, not licensed.
Janitor..........................
Junior mechanic, not
licensed.
Keeper, field_________
Laboratory operator...
Laborer, field____
Leader, mechanic.
Line mechanic, licensed.
Lineman................
Machinist..
Machinist
maker.
and
tool
Machinist’s foreman__
Machinist’s helper___
Magneto and carburet
or man, licensed.
37
Makes final check on all mechanical work done on Inspectors.
either plane or engine before it is again used. Usu
ally holds both aircraft and engine mechanic’s li
censes from the U. S. Department of Commerce.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)................................... . Mechanics, chief.
Conducts research work on various instruments such
as altimeter, induction compasses, etc., and is in
charge of installation of same.
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed)_______
(See Mechanic’s helper, not licensed)_______________
Sweeps and cleans shop, hangar, and airport offices,
also removes refuse.
A skilled employee capable of making repairs, adjust
ments, or overhauling planes or engines. Usually
comes from the automobile industry, and without
experience on airplanes can not obtain a U. S.
Department of Commerce mechanic’s license; is
therefore required to work under supervision of a
licensed mechanic.
(See Watchman)________________________________
Conducts tests to determine color, corrosion, acidity,
and sulphur content of gasoline; flash point, vis
cosity, acidity, carbon, and precipitation of oil.
Also reclaims used oil for further use.
Keeps landing field in proper condition, marks out
landing strips, mows turf, scrapes field, etc.
(See Crew chief).................................. — ................... (See General airplane and engine maintenance
mechanic, licensed.)
(See Gas man)____________ ______________________
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics’ helpers, not
licensed.
Janitors.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Crew chiefs.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
(See Machinist and toolmaker)_________________
Machinists and tool
makers.
Machinists make necessary repairs and adjustments of
Do.
old machines and operate lathes and other metal
working machines to make new parts in accordance
with specifications. Toolmakers make and repair
cutting tools, dies, jigs, fixtures, gauges, and other
tools of like nature.
Supervises work done by machinists and also does Other ground-personnel
considerable productive work.
employees, skilled.
A worker of some degree of skill who assists machinists
in repairing and setting up various machines.
A skilled employee specializing in the repair, overhaul, Mechanics, engine, li
and adjustment of magnetos and carburetors.
censed.
Holds a U. S. Department of Commerce engine
mechanic’s license.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)_____ ______ ______ — Mechanics, chief.
Maintenance airplane
and engine foreman,
licensed.
Maintenance airplane (See General airplane and engine maintenance me
and engine mechanic,
chanic, licensed.)
licensed.
Materials m an............. (See Stock clerk).......................................................... .
Mechanic, airplane, li A skilled mechanic capable of servicing, repairing, or
overhauling a plane. Holds a U. S. Department of
censed.
Commerce aircraft license.
Mechanic^ airplane, not (See Mechanic, airplane or engine, not licensed)..........
licensed.
Mechanic, airplane and A skilled mechanic capable of overhauling and doing
repair and service work on engines, planes, and in
engine, licensed.
struments. Holds U. S. Department of Commerce
mechanic’s licenses for ’both aircraft and engine.
Mechanic, airplane or A skilled mechanic who services, repairs, or overhauls
engine, not licensed.
planes, instruments, or engines. Works under
supervision of a licensed mechanic, as he does not
hold a U. S. Department of Commerce mechanic’s
license.
Mechanics
airplane- (See Airplane-service mechanic, licensed)___________
service, licensed.
Mechanic boss, li (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)____________________
censed.
Mechanic, cabin over (See Cabin overhaul mechanic, licensed)....................
haul, licensed.
Mechanic, carburetor, (See Carburetor mechanic, licensed)............................
licensed.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Stock clerks.
Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
Mechanics, chief.
Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
Mechanics, engine, li
censed.
38
WAGES AND HOURS IN AIR TRANSPORTATION
Airport term
Mechanic,
censed.
Mechanic,
censed.
check, li
chief,
li
Definition
Classified by bureau
under—
(See General airplane and engine maintenance me
chanic, licensed.)
A skilled employee who supervises overhauling and
servicing of engines and planes and makes final
check on overhauled planes. Holds U. S. Depart
ment of Commerce mechanic’s licenses for both air
planes and engines.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)...................................
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, chief.
Mechanic, chief motor,
licensed.
Mechanic, chief radio.. (See Chief radio mechanic)...........................................
Mechanic, chief ship,
licensed.
Mechanic, dural, li
censed.
Mechanic, engine, li
censed.
Mechanic foreman, li
censed.
Mechanic, general air
plane and engine
m a in t e n a n c e , li
censed.
Mechanic, hangar, li
censed.
M e c h a n ic , hangar,
maintenance.
M e c h a n ic , head, li
censed.
Mechanic, instruments,
licensed.
Mechanic, junior, not
licensed.
Mechanic leader. .........
Mechanic, metal, li
censed.
Mechanic, metal, not
licensed.
Mechanic, operations,
licensed.
Mechanic, overhaul, li
censed.
Mechanic, o v e r h a u l,
not licensed.
Mechanic, plane serv
ice, licensed.
Mechanic, propeller, li
censed.
Mechanic, radio...........
Mechanic, service, li
censed.
Mechanic’s helper, li
censed.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)....................................
(See Sheet-metal worker, licensed)............................
A skilled workman who may do anything from minor
adjustments and servicing, to a complete overhaul
of engine. Holds a U. S. Department of Commerce
engine-mechanic’s license.
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)....................................
(See General airplane and engine maintenance
mechanic, licensed.)
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed).
(See Hangar maintenance mechanic)_________
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed).........................
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Do.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
(See Crew chief)................... ...................................... . Crew chiefs.
(See Sheet-metal worker, licensed)............................... Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
(See Sheet-metal worker, not licensed)....................... . Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
(See General airplane and engine maintenance Mechanics, airplane and
mechanic, licensed.)
engine, licensed.
Do.
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed)............
(See Mechanic, airplane or engine, not licensed)—
(See Airplane-service mechanic, licensed)..............
(See Propeller mechanic, licensed)...........................
(See Eadio mechanic)...................................................
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed)............
(See Weather observer)..........................
Motor mechanic, chief,
licensed.
Night hangar man.......
(See Watchman)...................... .............
Mechanics, chief.
(See Junior mechanic, not licensed)--..............
Metal worker, not li
censed.
Meteorologist...............
Operations mechanic,
licensed.
Op e r a t i o n s stenog
rapher.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, engine, li
censed.
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed)...
A skilled mechanic who assists the mechanic in mak
ing minor repairs and adjustments to planes. Has
obtained U. S. Department of Commerce mechanic’s
licenses for either engine or aircraft and is working
as helper to obtain additional experience.
Mechanic's helper, not A semiskilled workman who helps other mechanics
on various jobs such as metal work, woodwork,
licensed.
engine or plane overhaul or service, etc.
Mechanic’s helper, air (See Mechanic’s helper, not licensed)..........................
plane or engine, not
licensed.
Metal m e c h a n i c , li (See Sheet-metal worker, licensed)........
censed.
Metal mechanic, not (See Sheet-metal worker, not licensed).
licensed.
Metal worker, licensed. (See Sheet-metal worker, licensed)____
Operations clerk ...........
Do.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
(See Sheet-metal worker, not licensed).
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed).............
Maintains a record of all flights, attempted or delayed
flights, forced landings, their causes, etc.
(See General airplane and engine maintenance me
chanic, licensed.)
Does stenographic and typing work in connection
with operations office correspondence.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
Do.
Radio mechanics.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics’ helpers, li
censed.
Mechanic’s helpers, not
licensed.
Do.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, chief.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Clerks and stenogra
phers.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Clerks and s t e n o g r a
phers.
APPENDIX— OCCUPATIONAL TEEMS AND DEFINITIONS
Operator, radio,
censed.
Overhaul mechanic, li
censed.
Overhaul mechanic, not
licensed.
Packer, parachute, li
censed.
Painter..........................
Painter’s helper..
Parachute man..
Parachute packer, li
censed.
Parachute repairer___
Parts man....................
Passenger agent...........
Pilot, licensed..............
Plane cleaner...........
Plane inspector_______
Plane-service mechanic,
licensed.
Plane washer............
Porter, clean-up..
Porter, redcap...
Porter, shop................
Porter, waiting room..
Propeller mechanic, li
censed.
Radio, crew chief.........
39
(See Radio operator, licensed)
Radio operators.
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed). . .
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Do.
(See Mechanic, airplane or engine, not licensed).
(See Parachute packer, licensed)..........................
Uses a hand brush or spray gun to apply paint,
varnishes, or other substances to airplanes. May also
do some lettering and at slack times paint hangars
or other buildings at airport.
Assists the painter in moving parts, passing materials, Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
etc., used in applying the various coats of paint,
varnish, or shellac, etc.
(See Parachute packer, licensed)................................. Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
A highly skilled workman who repacks parachutes
periodically or after they have been used. Holds a
special parachute license from the U. S. Depart
ment of Commerce.
(See Parachute packer, licensed)...................................
Do.
(See Stock clerk)............................................. .............. Stock clerks.
(See Ticket agent)......................................................... Agents traffic.
Has complete command of plane from time of entering Pilots, licensed.
it until leaving it. Controls plane at all times dur
ing flight, unless accompanied by a copilot who may
take over the controls at the pilot’s discretion.
Maintains communication with ground stations
when the plane is equipped with radio. Holds a
U. S. Department of Commerce transport-pilot’s
license.
(See Ship cleaner).............. ........................................... Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
•(See Inspector)...........................................
Inspectors.
Mechanics, airplane, li(See Airplane-service mechanic, licensed).
censed.
Other ground-personnel
(See Ship cleaner)....... ...... ........................
employees, unskilled.
(See Janitor)...................... ......................................... . Janitors.
Carries passengers’ luggage to and from bus, taxi or Porters.
car, and plane. Also keeps waiting room clean.
(See Janitor)...................... .......................................... . Janitors.
Porters.
(See Pbrter, redcap).......... ............................. .........
A skilled mechanic who installs propellers, does etch Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
ing, inspects for flaws, and checks for proper mechan
ical balance. Also holds a U. S. Department of
Commerce aircraft license.
(See Chief radio mechanic)........................................ ... Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
(See Radio technician).................................................
(See Radio mechanic)....... .......................................... Radio mechanics.
Radio engineer..........
Radio-instrument serv
iceman.
R a d i o -maintenance (See Chief radio mechanic)........................................... Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
foreman.
Radio mechanic............ Builds, installs, and services radio equipment, and Radio mechanics.
checks all radio equipment at regular intervals.
Radio mechanic’s help Assists radio mechanic in installing and servicing radio Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
er.
equipment, working under his supervision.
Radio operator, licensed. Maintains radio contact between ground and airplanes Radio operators.
or between ground stations. Holds a U. S. Depart
ment of Commerce radio-operator’s license.
Radio operator, chief, (See Chief radio operator, licensed)............................. Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
licensed.
Radio-service man___ (See Radio mechanic)....... .......................................... . Radio mechanics.
Other
ground-personnel
Radio supervisor......... (See Chief radio mechanic).................... - ................... .
employees, skilled.
Radio technician......... Conducts radio research for purpose of devising more
compact and lighter sending and receiving sets for
planes without impairing their efficiency. Also ex
periments with various types of spark plugs, radio
shielded, to increase the efficiency and life of plugs
functioning under such intense heat.
Redcap, porter............. (See Porter, redcap).......... ........................................... Porters.
Relief radio operator, (See Radio operator, licensed)...................................... Radio operators.
licensed.
Repairer, parachutes. _. (See Parachute packer, licensed)................................... Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Rigger, licensed.
A highly skilled aircraft mechanic who aligns the plane Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
into flying condition through adjustment of landing,
flying, incident, and stagger wires. Holds a U. S.
Department of Commerce aircraft-mechanic’s
license.
40
WAGES AND HOURS IN A IR TRANSPORTATION
Airport term
Definition
Rigger, not licensed— . Works under supervision of a licensed mechanic. (See
Rigger, licensed.)
Sailmaker, not licensed. Works under supervision of a licensed mechanic.
(See Fabric worker, not licensed.)
.do.
Seamstress, not licensed.
Service-crew foreman, (See Mechanic, chief, licensed).
licensed.
(See Gas man)...........................
Service man_________
Service mechanic, li-
(See Mechanic, airplane and engine, licensed)..
Service mechanic, air
plane, licensed.
Service mechanic, en
gine, licensed.
Sheet-metal worker, li
censed.
(See Airplane-service mechanic, licensed).........
Classified by bureau
under—
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Do.
Do.
Mechanics, chief.
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics, airplane, li-
(See Engine-service mechanic, licensed)____________ Mechanics, engine, li
censed.
A skilled workman who uses hand tools to bend and Mechanics, airplane and
shape sheet aluminum and duralumin, repairs metal
engine, licensed.
wings and fuselage. Also makes engine cowling,
landing gear “ pants,” and other devices for stream
lining. Holds U. S. Department of Commerce me
chanic’s licenses for both aircraft and engine.
Sheet-metal worker, not Works under supervision of a licensed mechanic, as he Mechanics, airplane or
licensed.
does not hold a U. S. Department of Commerce me
engine, not licensed.
chanic’s license. (See Sheet-metal worker, licensed.)
Sheet-metal worker fore (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)................................... Mechanics, chief.
man, licensed.
Sheet-metal worker's (See Mechanic's helper, not licensed)......................... . Mechanics' helpers, not
helper, not licensed.
licensed.
Ship cleaner.................. Washes and cleans plane inside and out, using water Other ground-personnel
and a sponge outside, and a vacuum cleaner inside.
employees, unskilled.
Ship mechanic, chief, (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)................................... . Mechanics, chief.
licensed.
Ship washer.................. (See Ship cleaner)......................................................... Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Shop foreman, licensed. (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)____ _______________ "Mechanics, chief.
Splicer, cable............
(See Cable splicer)....................................................... . Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Station manager, li (See Mechanic, chief, licensed)..................................... Mechanics, chief.
censed.
Station master......... — Supervises plane dispatchers and acts as ticket agent Agents, traffic.
at airports not having a ticket agent. (See Ticket
agent.)
Stenographer..
(See Traffic stenographer; Operations stenographer).. Clerks and stenographers.
Maintains a check on spare stock parts received, Stock clerks.
Stock clerk___
quantity on hand, and other equipment such as
tools, which are issued to the mechanics under
requisition.
Stock man................... (See Stock clerk)________________________________
Do.
Storekeeper................. ___ do.............................................................................
Do.
Supervisor, radio me (See Chief radio mechanic)........................................... Other ground-personnel
chanics.
employees, skilled.
Sweeper....................... (See Janitor).................................................................. Janitors.
Teletype operator....... A typist, trained in handling the teletype for inter- Clerks and stenogra
divisional communication.
phers.
Ticket agent.
Sells tickets, makes reservations, makes contact be Agents, traffic.
tween the company and the public and routes
passengers to the best advantage.
Time clerk.........
(See Timekeeper)......................................................... Clerks and stenogra
phers.
Maintains a record of the time worked by employees
Timekeeper____
Do.
in the shop and elsewhere at the airport.
Tool-room clerk..
Maintains a record of all tools issued to mechanics on Other ground-personnel
requisition.
employees, unskilled.
(See Machinist and toolmaker).................................... Machinists and tool
Toolmaker..........
makers.
(See Agent, traffic)______ _______ _______________
Traffic agent----Agents, traffic.
Traffic manager..
(See Field-traffic manager).......................................... . Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Traffic stenographer. __ Does stenographic and typing work in connection Clerks and stenogra
with traffic-office correspondence.
phers.
Transportation agent... (See Ticket agent)................................................. ....... Agents, traffic.
Truck driver................ Drives a truck used for picking up and delivering Chauffeurs.
express shipments and hauling supplies.
Upholsterer.................. Repairs and replaces upholstering material in cabins Other ground-personnel
or cockpits of planes.
employees, skilled.
Waiting-room porter... (See Porter, redcap)..................................................... . Porters.
Washer, airplane.......... (See Ship cleaner)........................................................ . Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
-do..
Washer, plane..
Do.
Washer, ship__
.do..
Do.
Watchman.......
Patrols the grounds in and around hangar at specified
Do.
intervals to guard against fire, burglary, etc.
APPENDIX— OCCUPATIONAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Weather observer.
Welder, licensed..
Welder’s helper, not li
censed.
Wing man, licensed__
Wing wiper.................
Woodworker, licensed.
Woodworker, not li
censed.
Woodworker’s helper,
not licensed.
Woodworking foreman
licensed.
Conducts local weather observations and coordinates
reports from other airports for general use of pilots
and operations office.
Uses acetylene torch or electric-welding machine to
weld broken parts together. Holds U. S. Depart
ment of Commerce mechanic’s licenses for both air
craft and engine.
(See Mechanic’s helper, not licensed)______________
A skilled mechanic who specializes either as a wood
worker or a metal worker in the repair and rebuild
ing of wings of planes, depending upon the structure
of same. Also holds a tJ. S. Department of Com
merce aircraft license.
(See Ship cleaner)___________________ ____________
Does necessary repair work on wooden-frame fuselage,
interior trim, wing or tail unit. Also holds a U. S.
Department of Commerce aircraft-mechanic’s
license.
Works under supervision of a licensed mechanic.
(See Woodworker, licensed.)
(See Mechanic’s helper, not licensed)..........................
(See Mechanic, chief, licensed)....................................
41
Other ground-personnel
employees, skilled.
Mechanics, airplane and
engine, licensed.
Mechanics’ helpers, not
licensed.
Mechanics, airplane, li-
Other ground-personnel
employees, unskilled.
Mechanics, airplane, li
censed.
Mechanics, airplane or
engine, not licensed.
Mechanics’ helpers, not
licensed.
Mechanics, chief.
LIST OF BULLETINS OF THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS
The following is a list of all bulletins of the Bureau of Labor Statistics published since
July, 1912, except that in the case of bulletins giving the results of periodic surveys of the
bureau only the latest bulletin on any one subject is here listed.
A complete list of the reports and bulletins issued prior to July, 1912, as well as the bulletins
published since that date, will be furnished on application. Bulletins marked thus (*) are
out of print.
Conciliation and arbitration (including strikes and lockouts).
*No. 124. Conciliation and arbitration in the building trades of Greater New York. [1913.]
♦No. 133. Report of the industrial council of the British Board of Trade on its inquiry into industrial
agreements. [1913.]
♦No. 139. Michigan copper district strike. [1914.]
♦No. 144. Industrial court of the cloak, suit, and skirt industry of New York City. [1914.]
♦No. 145. Conciliation, arbitration, and sanitation in the dress and waist industry of New York City.
[1914.]
No. 191. Collective bargaining in the anthracite-coal industry. [1916.1
♦No. 198. Collective agreements in the men’s clothing industry. [1916.]
No. 233. Operation of the industrial disputes investigation act of Canada. [1918.]
No. 265. Joint industrial councils in Great Britain. [1919.]
No. 283. History of the Shipbuilding Labor Adjustment Board, 1917 to 1919.
No. 287. National War Labor Board: History of its formation, activities, etc. [1921.
♦No. 303. Use of Federal power in settlement of railway labor disputes. [1922.]
No. 341. Trade agreement in the silk-ribbon industry of New York City. [1923.]
No. 402. Collective bargaining by actors. [1926.]
No. 468. Trade agreements, 1927.
No. 481. Joint industrial control in the book and job printing industry. [1928.]
Cooperation.
No.
No.
No.
No.
313.
314.
437.
631.
Consumers’ cooperative societies in the United States in 1920.
Cooperative credit societies (credit unions) in America and in foreign countries.
Cooperative movement in the United States in 1925 (other than agricultural).
Consumers’ , credit, and productive cooperative societies, 1929.
[1922.
Employment and unemployment.
♦No. 109.
♦No. 172.
♦No. 183.
♦No. 195.
♦No. 196.
♦No. 202.
No. 206.
♦No. 227.
♦No. 235.
♦No. 241.
♦No. 247.
♦No. 310.
No. 409.
No. 542.
No. 544.
♦No. 553.
No. 555.
No. 574.
Statistics of unemployment and the work of employment offices in the United States. [1913.]
Unemployment in New York City, N. Y . [1915.]
Regularity of employment in the women’s ready-to-wear garment industries. [1915.]
Unemployment in the United States. [1916.]
Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, held in Minneapolis, Minn., January
19 and 20,1916.
Proceedings of the conference of Employment Managers’ Association of Boston, Mass.,
held May 10,1916.
The British system of labor exchanges. [1916.]
Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Philadelphia, Pa., April 2 and 3, 1917.
Employment system of the Lake Carriers’ Association. [1918.]
Public employment offices in the United States. [1918.]
Proceedings of Employment Managers’ Conference, Rochester, N. Y., May 9-11, 1918.
Industrial unemployment: A statistical study of its extent and causes. [1922.]
Unemployment in Columbus, Ohio, 1921 to 1925.
Report of the Advisory Committee on Employment Statistics. [1931.]
Unemployment-benefit plans in the United States and unemployment insurance in foreign
countries. [1931.]
Fluctuation in employment in Ohio, 1914 to 1929.
Social and economic character of unemployment in Philadelphia, April, 1930.
Technological changes and employment in the United States Postal Service. [1932]
Foreign labor laws.
♦No. 142.
No. 494.
No. 510.
No. 529.
No. 549.
No. 554.
No. 559.
No. 569.
Administration of labor laws and factory inspection in certain European countries.
Labor legislation of Uruguay. [1929.]
Labor legislation of Argentina. [1930.]
Workmen’s compensation legislation of the Latin American countries. [1930.]
Labor legislation of Venezuela. [1931.]
Labor legislation of Paraguay. [1931.]
Labor legislation of Ecuador. [1931.]
Labor legislation of Mexico. [1932.]
[1914.]
Government aid to home owning and housing of working people in foreign countries.
Housing by employers in the United States. [1920.]
Building operations in representative cities, 1920.
Building permits in principal cities of the United States in [1921 to] 1930.
[1914.]
Housing.
♦No. 158.
No. 263.
No. 295.
No. 545.
[IJ
Industrial accidents and hygiene.
*No. 104. Lead poisoning in potteries, tile works, and porcelain-enameled sanitary ware factories.
[1912.]
No. 120. Hygiene of painters trade. [1913.]
*No. 127. Dangers to workers from dusts and fumes, and methods of protection. [1913.]
*No. 141. Lead poisoning in the smelting and refining of lead. [1914.]
♦No. 157. Industrial accident statistics. [1915.]
♦No. 165. Lead poisoning in the manufacture of storage batteries. [1914.]
♦No. 179. Industrial poisons used in the rubber industry. [1915.]
No. 188. Report of British departmental committee on the danger in the use of lead in the painting of
buildings. [1916.]
♦No. 201. Report of the committee on statistics and compensation insurance costs of the International
Association of Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions. [1916.]
No. 209. Hygiene of the printing trades. [1917.]
♦No. 219. Industrial poisons used or produced in the manufacture of explosives. [1917.]
No. 221. Hours, fatigue, and health in British munition factories. [1917.]
No. 230. Industrial efficiency and fatigue in British munition factories. [1917.]
♦No. 231. Mortality from respiratory diseases in dusty trades (inorganic dusts). [1918.]
♦No. 234. The safety movement in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1917.
No. 236. Effects of the air hammer on the hands of stonecutters. [1918.]
♦No. 249. Industrial health and efficiency. Final report of British Health of Munitions Workers*
Committee. [1919.]
♦No. 251. Preventable death in the cotton-manufacturing industry. [1919.]
No. 256. Accidents and accident prevention in machine building. [1919.]
No. 267. Anthrax as an occupational disease. [1920.]
No. 276. Standardization of industrial accident statistics. [1920.]
♦No. 280. Industrial poisoning in making coal-tar dyes and dye intermediates. [1921.]
♦No. 291. Carbon monoxide poisoning. [1921.]
No. 293. The problem of dust phthisis in the granite-stone industry. [1922.]
No. 298. Causes and prevention of accidents in the iron and steel industry, 1910-1919.
No. 306. Occupation hazards and diagnostic signs: A guide to impairments to be looked for in hazardous occupations. [1922.]
No. 392. Survey of hygienic conditions in the printing trades. [1925.]
No. 405. Phosphorus necrosis in the manufacture of fireworks and in the preparation of phosphorus.
[1926.]
No. 427. Health survey of the printing trades, 1922 to 1925.
No. 428. Proceedings of the Industrial Accident Prevention Conference, held at Washington, D. O.,
July 14-16,1926.
No. 460. A new test for industrial lead poisoning. [1928.]
No. 466. Settlement for accidents to American seamen. [1928.]
No. 488. Deaths from lead poisoning, 1925-1927.
No. 490. Statistics of industrial accidents in the United States to the end of 1927.
No. 507. Causes of death, by occupation. [1930.]
Industrial relations and labor conditions.
No. 237.
♦No. 340.
No. 349.
♦No. 361.
No. 380.
No. 383.
No. 384.
No. 399.
No. 534.
Industrial unrest in Great Britain. [1917.]
Chinese migrations, with special reference to labor conditions. [1923.]
Industrial relations in the West Coast lumber industry. [1923.]
Labor relations in the Fairmont (W. Va.) bituminous-coal field. [1924.]
Postwar labor conditions in Germany. [1925.]
Works council movement in Germany. [1925.]
Labor conditions in the shoe industry in Massachusetts, 1920-1924.
Labor relations in the lace and lace-curtain industries in the United States. [1925.]
Labor conditions in the Territory of Hawaii, 1929-1930.
Labor laws of the United States (including decisions of courts relating to labor).
♦No. 211.
No. 229.
No. 285.
No. 321.
No. 322.
No. 343.
No. 370.
No. 408.
No. 548.
No. 552.
Labor laws and their administration in the Pacific States. [1917.]
Wage payment legislation in the United States. [1917.]
Minimum wage laws of the United States: Construction and operation. [1921.]
Labor laws that have been declared unconstitutional. [1922.]
Kansas Court of Industrial Relations. [1923.]
Laws providing for bureaus of labor statistics, etc. [1923.]
Labor laws of the United States with decisions of courts relating thereto. [1925.]
Laws relating to payment of wages. [1926.]
Decisions of courts and opinions affecting labor, 1929-1930.
Labor legislation, 1930.
Proceedings o f annual conventions of the Association of Governmental Officials in Industry o f the United
States and Canada. (Name changed in 1928 from Association of Governmental Labor Officials o f the
United States and Canada.)
♦No. 266.
No. 307.
♦No. 323.
♦No. 352.
♦No. 389.
♦No. 411.
♦No. 429.
♦No. 455.
♦No. 480.
No. 508.
No. 530.
No. 563.
Seventh, Seattle. Wash., July 12-15, 1920.
Eighth, New Orleans, La., May 2-6,1921.
Ninth, Harrisburg, Pa., May 22-26,1922.
Tenth, Richmond, Va., May 1-4, 1923.
Eleventh, Chicago, 111., May 19-23,1924.
Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 13-15.1925.
Thirteenth, Columbus, Ohio, June 7-10, 1926.
Fourteenth, Paterson, N. J., May 31 to June 3,1927.
Fifteenth, New Orleans, La., May 21-24, 1928.
Sixteenth, Toronto, Canada, June 4r-7,1929.
Seventeenth, Louisville, Ky., May 20-23,1930.
Eighteenth, Boston, Mass., May 18-22, 1931.
[n]
Proceedings o f annual meetings o f the International Association o f Industrial Accident Boards and
Commissions.
No. 210.
No. 248.
No. 264.
♦No. 273.
No. 281.
No. 304.
No. 333.
•No. 359.
No. 385.
No. 395.
No. 406.
No. 432.
No. 456.
No. 485.
No. 611.
No. 536.
No. 564.
Third, Columbus, Ohio, April 25-28, 1916.
Fourth, Boston, Mass.. August 21-26,1917.
Fifth, Madison, Wis., September 24-27, 1918.
Sixth, Toronto, Canada, September 23-26,1919.
Seventh, San Francisco, Calif., September 20-24, 1920.
Eighth, Chicago, 111., September 19-23,1921.
Ninth, Baltimore, Md., October 9-13, 1922.
Tenth, St. Paul, Minn., September 24-26,1923.
Eleventh, Halifax, Nova Scotia, August 26-28,1924.
Index to proceedings, 1914-1924.
Twelfth, Salt Lake City, Utah, August 17-20,1925.
Thirteenth, Hartford, Conn., September 14-17,1926.
Fourteenth, Atlanta, Ga., September 27-29,1927.
Fifteenth, Paterson. N. J., September 11-14,1928.
Sixteenth, Buffalo, N. Y., October 8-11,1929.
Seventeenth, Wilmington, Del., September 22-26, 1930.
Eighteenth, Richmond, Va., October 5-8,1931.
Proceedings o f annual meetings o f the International Association of Public Employment Services.
No. 192. First, Chicago, December 19 and 20,1913; second, Indianapolis, September 24 and 25,1914;
third, Detroit, July 1 and 2,1915.
Fourth, Buffalo, N. Y., July 20 and 21,1916.
Ninth, Buffalo, N . Y ., September 7-9,1921.
Tenth, Washington, D. C., September 11-13, 1922.
Eleventh, Toronto, Canada, September 4-7, 1923.
Twelfth, Chicago, 111., May 19-23, 1924.
Thirteenth, Rochester, N. Y ., September 15-17, 1925.
Fifteenth, Detroit, Mich.. October 25-28,1927.
Sixteenth, Cleveland, Ohio, September 18-21,1928.
Seventeenth, Philadelphia, Pa., September 24-27, 1929; eighteenth, Toronto, Canada, Sep«
tember 9-12, 1930.
♦No. 220.
No. 311.
No. 337.
No. 355.
No. 400.
No. 414.
No. 478.
No. 501.
No. 538.
Productivity o f labor.
No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. 11924.]
No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.
No. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board industry.
[1926.]
♦No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity in the pottery industry, 1925.
No. 441. Productivity of labor in the glass industry. [1927.]
No. 474. Productivity of labor in merchant blast furnaces. [1928.]
No. 475. Productivity of labor in newspaper printing. [1929.]
No. 550. Cargo handling and longshore labor conditions. [1932.]
Retail prices and cost o f living.
♦No. 121.
♦No. 130.
♦No. 164.
♦No. 170.
No. 357.
No. 369.
No. 495.
Sugar prices, from refiner to consumer. 11913.]
Wheat and flour prices, from farmer to consumer. [1913.]
Butter prices, from producer to consumer. [1914.1
Foreign food prices as affected by the war. [1915.J
Cost of living in the United States. [1924.]
The use of cost-of-living figures in wage adjustments. [1925.]
Retail prices, 1890 to 1928.
Safety codes.
No. 336.
No. 350.
♦No. 351.
No. 375.
♦No. 382.
No. 410.
♦No. 430.
No. 447.
No. 451.
No. 463.
No. 509.
No. 512.
No. 519.
No. 527.
No. 556.
No. 562.
Safety code for the protection of indus trial workers in foundries.
Rules governing the approval of headlighting devices for motor vehicles.
Safety code for the construction, care, and use of ladders.
Safety code for laundry machinery and operations.
Code of lighting school buildings.
Safety code for paper and pulp mills.
Safety code for power presses and foot and hand presses.
Safety code for rubber mills and calendars.
Safety code for forging and hot-metal stamping.
Safety code for mechanical power-transmission apparatus—first revision.
Textile safety code.
Code for identification of gas-mask canisters.
Safety code for woodworking plants, as revised 1930.
Safety code for use, care, and protection of abrasive wheels, as revised 1930.
Code of lighting: Factories, mills, and. other work places. (Revision of 1930.)
Safety codes for the prevention oi dust explosions.
Vocational and workers’ education.
♦No. 159.
♦No. 162.
♦No. 199.
No. 271.
No. 459.
Short-unit courses for wage earners, and a factory school experiment. [1915.
Vocational education survey of Richmond, Va. [1915.]
Vocational education survey of Minneapolis, Minn. [1917.]
Adult working-class education in Great Britain and the United States. [1920.]
Apprenticeship in building construction. [1928.]
[m ]
Wages and hours of labor.
*No. 146. Wages and regularity of employment and standardization of piece rates in the dress and
waist industry of New York City. 11914.]
•No. 147. Wages and regularity of employment in the cloak, suit, and skirt industry. [1914.]
No.. 161. Wages and hours of labor in the clothing and cigar industries, 1911 to 1913.
•No. 163. Wages and hours of labor in the building and repairing of steam railroad cars, 1907 to 1913.
•No. 190. Wages and hours of labor in the cotton, woolen, and silk industries, 1907 to 1914.
No. 204. Street-railway employment in the United States. [1917.]
No. 218. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1907 to 1915: With a glossary of
occupations.
•No. 225. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber, millwork, and furniture industries, 1915.
No. 265. Industrial survey in selected industries in the United States, 1919.
No. 297. Wages and hours of labor in the petroleum industry, 1920.
No. 356. Productivity costs in the common-brick industry. [1924.]
No. 358. Wages and fiours of labor in the automobile-tire industry, 1923.
No. 360. Time and labor costs in manufacturing 100 pairs of shoes, 1923.
No. 365. Wages and hours of labor in the paper and pulp industry, 1923.
No. 394. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mines, 1924.
No. 407. Labor cost of production and wages and hours of labor in the paper box-board industry.
[1926.]
No. 412. Wages, hours, and productivity In the pottery industry, 1925.
No. 416. Hours and earnings in anthracite and bituminous coal mining, 1922 and 1924.
No. 484. Wages and hours of labor of common street laborers, 1928.
No. 499. History of wages in the United States from colonial times to 1928.
No. 502. Wages and hours of labor in the motor-vehicle industry, 1928.
No. 504. Wages and hours of labor in the hosiery and underwear industries, 1907 to 1928.
No. 514. Pennsylvania Railroad wage data. From Report of Joint Fact Finding Committee in the
wage negotiations in 1927.
No. 516. Hours and earnings in bituminous-coal mining, 1929.
No. 523. Wages and hours in the manufacture of airplanes and aircraft engines, 1929.
No. 525. Wages and hours of labor in the Portland cement industry, 1929.
No. 526. Wages and hours of labor in the furniture industry, 1910 to 1929.
No. 532. Wages and hours of labor in the cigarette manufacturing industry, 1930.
No. 533. Wages and hours of labor in woolen and worsted goods manufacturing, 1910 to 1930.
No. 534. Labor conditions in the Territory of Hawaii, 1929-1930.
No. 535. Wages and hours of labor in the slaughtering and meat-packing industry, 1929.
No. 537. Wages and hours of labor in the dyeing and finishing of textiles, 1930.
No. 539. Wages and hours of labor in cotton goods manufacturing, 1910 to L930.
No. 546. Wages and hours in rayon and other synthetic manufacturing, 1930.
No. 547. Wages and hours in cane-sugar refining industry, 1930.
No. 551. Wages and hours of labor in the boot and shoe industry, 1910 to 1930.
No. 557. Wages and hours in the men’s clothing industry, 1911 to 1930.
No. 560. Wages and hours of labor in the lumber industry in the United States, 1930.
No. 566. Union scales of wages and hours of labor. May 15,1931.
No. 567. Wages and hours of labor in the iron and steel industry, 1931.
No. 568. Wages and hours of labor in the manufacture of silk and rayon goods, 1931.
No. 570. Wages and hours of labor in foundries and machine shops, 1931.
No. 571. Wages and hours of labor in the furniture industry, 1910 to 1931.
No. 573. Wages and hours of labor in metalliferous mining, 1924 to 1931.
Welfare work.
•No. 123.
No. 222.
•No. 250.
No. 458.
Employers' welfare work. [1913.]
Welfare work in British munition factories. [1917.1
Welfare work for employees in industrial establishments in the United States. 11919.]
Health and recreation activities in industrial establishments, 1926.
Wholesale prices.
•No. 284.
No. 453.
No. 543.
No. 572.
Index numbers of wholesale prices in the United States and foreign countries. [1921.]
Revised index numbers of wholesale prices, 1923 to July, 1927.
Wholesale prices, 1930.
Wholesale prices, 1931.
Women and children in industry.
•No. 116. lours, earnings, and duration of employment of wage-earning women in selected industries
in the District of Columbia. [1913.]
♦No. 117. ?rohibition of night work of young persons. [1913.]
•No. 118. Ten-hour maximum working-day for women and young persons. [1913.]
No. 119.
•No. 122.
No. 160.
and garment factories. [1914.]
♦No. 167. Einimum-wage legislation in the
•No. 175. immary of the report on conditi
[1
I 915-] . .
,. .
tum-wage determination in Oregon. [1915.]
♦No. 176. Eff<
♦No. 180. The boot and shoe industry in Massachusetts as a vocation for women. [1915.]
♦No. 182. Unemployment among women in department and other retail stores of Boston, Mass. U916.]
No. 193. Dressmaking as a trade for women in Massachusetts. 11916.]
No. 215. Industrial experience of trade-school girls in Massachusetts. 11917.]
♦No. 217. Effect of workmen’s compensation laws in diminishing the necessity of industrial employ
ment of women aifd children. [1917.1
♦No. 223. Employment of women and juveniles in Great Britain during the war. [1917.J
No. 253. Women in the lead industries. [1919.]
No. 467. Minimum wage legislation in various countries. [1928.]
No. 558. Labor conditions of women and children in Japan. 11931.]
[IV]
Workmen’s insurance and compensation (including laws relating thereto).
*No.
♦No.
♦No.
No.
♦No.
♦No.
101.
102.
103.
107.
155.
212.
♦No. 243.
No. 301.
No. 312.
♦No. 379.
No. 477.
No. 496.
No. 529.
Care of tuberculous wage earners in Germany. [1912.]
British national insurance act, 1911.
Sickness and accident insurance law in Switzerland. [1912.]
Law relating to insurance of salaried employees in Germany. [1913.]
Compensation for accidents to employees of the United States. [1914.]
Proceeding of the conference on social insurance called by the International Association of
Industrial Accident Boards and Commissions, Washington, D. C., December 5-9,1916.
Workmen's compensation legislation in the United States and foreign countries, 1917 and 1918.
Comparison of workmen’s compensation insurance and administration. [1922.]
National health insurance in Great Britain, 1911 to 1921.
Comparison of workmen’s compensation laws of the United States as of January 1, 1925.
Public-service retirement systems. United States and Europe. [1929.]
Workmen’s compensation legislation of the United States and Canada as of January 1, 1929.
(With text of legislation enacted in 1927 and 1928.)
Workmen’s compensation legislation of the Latin American countries. [1930.]
Miscellaneous series.
♦No. 174. Subject index of the publications of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics up to May
1,1915.
No. 208. Profit sharing in the United States. [1916.]
No. 242. Food situation in central Europe, 1917.
No. 254. International labor legislation and the society of nations. [1919.]
No. 268. Historical survey of international action affecting labor. [1920.]
No. 282. Mutual relief associations among Government employees in Washington, D. C. [1921.]
No. 319. The Bureau of Labor Statistics: Its history, activities, and organization. [1922.]
No. 326. Methods of procuring and computing statistical information of the Bureau of Labor Statis
tics. [1923.]
No. 342. International Seamen’s Union of America: A study of its history and problems. [1923.]
No. 346. Humanity in government. 11923.]
No. 372. Convict labor in 1923.
No. 386. Cost of American almshouses. [1925.]
No. 398. Growth of legal-aid work in the United States. 11926.]
No. 401. Family allowances in foreign countries. [1926.]
No. 461. Labor organizations in Chile. [1928.]
♦No. 465. Beneficial activities of American trade-unions. [1928.]
No. 479. Activities and functions of a State department of labor. [1928.]
No. 483. Conditions in the shoe industry in Haverhill, Mass., 1928.
♦No. 489. Care of aged persons in United States. [1929.]
No. 505. Director of homes for the aged in the United States. [1929.]
No. 506. Handbook of American trade-unions. 1929 edition.
No. 518. Personnel research agencies. 1930 edition.
No. 541. Handbook of labor statistics. 1931 edition.
No. 561. Public old-age pensions in the United States and in foreign countries. [1932.]
No. 565. Park recreation areas in the United States, 1930.
[V]