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EMBARGOED UNTIL RELEASE AT 10:00 a.m. EDT, Wednesday, April 2, 2025 Technical: Matt Snead (National) Frank Baumgardner (Regional) Connie O’Connell Media: 301-278-9088 301-278-9229 301-278-9003 BEA 25–13 ArtsandCulture@bea.gov Connie.OConnell@bea.gov Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account, U.S. and States, 2023 New Statistics for 2023; 1998–2022 Updated The Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis shows that arts and cultural economic activity, adjusted for inflation, increased 6.6 percent in 2023 after increasing 3.8 percent in 2022 (chart 1 and table 1). By comparison, the broader economy, as measured by real gross domestic product (GDP), increased 2.9 percent in 2023 after increasing 2.5 percent in 2022 (chart 1). Arts and cultural economic activity accounted for 4.2 percent of GDP, or $1.17 trillion, in 2023 (tables 2 and 3). Chart 1. Real Value Added for Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account Compared With U.S. GDP Percent change 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 –2 –4 2019 2020 2021 2022 Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account U.S. GDP U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Page 1 of 5 2023 Real (inflation-adjusted) value added for core arts and cultural production industries, which include performing arts, museums, design services, fine arts education, and education services, increased 5.5 percent in 2023. Supporting arts and cultural production industries, which include art support services and information services, increased 7.1 percent in 2023 (chart 2 and table 1). • • • • Performing arts increased 3.5 percent in 2023 after increasing 24.9 percent in 2022. One of the leading contributors to the increase was performing arts companies, which increased 31.6 percent in 2023 after increasing 42.0 percent in 2022. Museums increased 18.0 percent after decreasing 12.0 percent. Design services increased 6.3 percent after increasing 8.0 percent. Education services increased 1.8 percent after increasing 3.9 percent. Percent change 30 Chart 2. Real Value Added for Core Arts and Cultural Production Industries 20 10 0 –10 –20 2022 Performing arts Museums Design services U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Page 2 of 5 2023 Education services Nominal value added Nominal value added (not adjusted for inflation) increased 7.6 percent nationally in 2023 (table 2). The leading contributor to the increase was supporting arts and cultural production industries (table 4). Supporting arts and cultural production industries increased 6.8 percent to a level of $873.8 billion; the leading contributor to the increase was information services. Core arts and cultural production industries increased 10.6 percent in 2023 to a level of $265.8 billion; the leading contributors to the increase were performing arts and design services. In 2023, nominal value added in arts and cultural production industries increased in 47 states and the District of Columbia. The percent change across all states ranged from 14.7 percent in Nevada to –3.4 percent in Louisiana (table 2). In Nevada—the state with the largest increase in value added—promoters of performing arts and similar events, publishing, and performing arts companies were the leading contributors to the increase in value added. In Louisiana—the state with the largest decrease in value added—motion pictures was the leading contributor to the decline (table 4). For all states and the District of Columbia, the arts and cultural share of total GDP ranged from 9.8 percent in Washington state to 1.2 percent in Delaware. The share for most states ranged between 2 and 5 percent. Washington state, the District of Columbia, New York, California, and Nevada were the only areas where the arts and cultural share of total GDP exceeded 5 percent (table 3). Page 3 of 5 The top arts and cultural production industries varied among the states. In Washington state, publishing and retail industries were the leading contributors to the share of total state GDP. Government and advertising were the leading contributors in the District of Columbia. Broadcasting and “other information services” were the leading contributors in New York. Other information services and motion pictures were the leading contributors in California. Other information services and promoters of performing arts and similar events were the leading contributors in Nevada (table 3). Employment Arts and cultural employment nationwide increased 0.3 percent in 2023. The total number of arts and cultural jobs for the nation was 5.4 million. Arts and cultural employment increased in 27 states. The percent change across all states ranged from 7.6 percent in North Carolina to –6.6 percent in Hawaii (table 8). North Carolina had 167,254 jobs related to arts and culture, representing 3.3 percent of all jobs in the state. Government and retail industries were the leading contributors to the increase in arts and cultural employment in North Carolina. In Hawaii, construction and motion pictures were the leading contributors to the decrease in arts and cultural employment (table 9). Page 4 of 5 Compensation Arts and cultural compensation nationwide increased 3.6 percent in 2023. Arts and cultural compensation increased in 43 states and the District of Columbia. The percent change across all states ranged from 12.7 percent in Nevada to –6.9 percent in Georgia (table 8). Update of arts and cultural production statistics Today, BEA released updated national-level arts and cultural production statistics on output, value added, intermediate inputs, employment, and compensation from 1998 to 2022, with new statistics for 2023, and updated state-level statistics on value added, employment, and compensation from 2001 to 2022, with new statistics for 2023. The 2017 to 2023 statistics primarily reflect the incorporation of new and updated source data as well as the results of the 2024 annual update of BEA’s National and Regional Economic Accounts. The updates to the 1998 to 2016 statistics reflect the incorporation of the 2023 comprehensive update of BEA’s National and Regional Economic accounts. These data, combined with new and revised arts and cultural production-specific source data, allow the arts and cultural production statistics to capture the dynamics of this sector more accurately. BEA’s Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account is supported by funding from the National Endowment for the Arts. For arts and culture definitions, statistical conventions, and more, visit “Additional Information.” Next release: March 2026 Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account, U.S. and States, 2024 News release tables Table 1. Real Value Added by Arts and Cultural Production Industry: Percent Change From Preceding Period Table 2. Arts and Cultural Production Value Added by State, 2023 Table 3. Industry Contributions to the Arts and Cultural Production Share of GDP by State, 2023 Table 4. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Value Added of Arts and Cultural Production by State, 2023 Table 5. Real Gross Output by Arts and Cultural Production Commodity: Percent Change From Preceding Period Table 6. Real Gross Output by Arts and Cultural Production Commodity Table 7. Gross Output by Arts and Cultural Production Industry Table 8. Arts and Cultural Production Employment and Compensation by State, 2023 Table 9. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Arts and Cultural Production Employment by State, 2023 Table 10. Real Gross Output Contributions by Arts and Cultural Production Industry Table 11. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Value Added of Arts and Cultural Production Page 5 of 5 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 1. Real Value Added by Arts and Cultural Production Industry: Percent Change from Preceding Period Line ACPSA industry description 2018 1 Total 2.4 2 Core arts and cultural production 7.2 3 Performing arts 6.9 4 Performing arts companies 0.9 5 Promoters of performing arts and similar events 6.6 6 Agents/managers for artists 8.4 7 Independent artists, writers, and performers 9.9 8 Museums 4.6 9 Design services 8.0 10 Advertising 7.3 11 Architectural services 7.6 12 Landscape architectural services 6.1 13 Interior design services 13.9 14 Industrial design services 3.0 15 Graphic design services 1.7 16 Computer systems design 10.2 17 Photography and photofinishing services 12.3 18 All other design services 4.6 19 Fine arts education 14.8 20 Education services -1.2 21 Supporting arts and cultural production 1.1 22 Art support services 0.2 23 Rental and leasing 2.1 24 Grantmaking and giving services -0.8 25 Unions 2.2 26 Government 0.1 27 Other support services 8.1 28 Information services 1.0 29 Publishing 4.5 30 Motion pictures -6.0 31 Sound recording 3.2 32 Broadcasting -0.3 33 Other information services 5.6 34 Manufacturing 0.1 35 Jewelry and silverware manufacturing 4.1 36 Printed goods manufacturing 0.0 37 Musical instruments manufacturing -3.7 38 Custom architectural woodwork and metalwork manufacturing -2.6 39 Other goods manufacturing 1.6 40 Construction 5.6 41 NonACPSA-related production 1.6 42 Wholesale and transportation industries -0.3 43 Retail industries 4.9 1 1.6 44 All other industries ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account 1. Consists of the industries with secondary production designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available at https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2019 4.3 3.9 3.0 -0.6 4.8 3.8 3.7 0.8 5.0 1.9 8.6 7.8 4.9 8.3 3.8 9.6 7.7 3.8 4.1 2.1 4.4 3.8 -1.1 14.5 5.3 4.0 -3.2 6.0 10.9 -5.0 4.2 -0.6 20.1 -2.9 -2.2 -6.9 3.3 -8.3 10.3 -3.2 3.0 -0.6 2.5 3.0 2020 -1.7 -11.3 -27.7 -31.5 -44.4 -24.6 -18.2 1.6 -1.1 3.9 -6.0 -9.7 3.2 9.0 1.1 1.0 -15.1 -15.3 -32.4 2.1 1.2 0.0 -20.0 -17.9 1.5 1.5 -59.7 2.3 5.4 -17.2 13.6 -1.1 14.5 -10.5 -15.7 -17.7 -4.0 -10.0 5.3 -12.8 -3.1 3.9 1.3 -3.1 2021 11.2 12.2 13.6 -31.5 20.8 27.4 26.5 -18.3 15.9 15.0 11.1 17.3 23.8 17.3 18.6 7.2 16.3 37.1 19.8 -4.7 11.0 2.5 -6.9 24.1 -2.4 2.6 76.8 15.2 16.8 24.0 19.3 6.4 19.0 14.0 39.1 6.7 22.3 6.4 14.4 2.3 6.9 1.7 5.4 6.9 2022 3.8 13.0 24.9 42.0 68.4 27.3 8.2 -12.0 8.0 5.3 9.6 20.2 8.1 -3.4 6.4 51.5 4.2 22.9 68.0 3.9 1.3 6.4 -0.5 5.5 -1.6 6.5 79.6 2.5 3.6 16.9 21.7 -2.8 -2.1 -5.5 15.0 -9.3 2.8 -19.8 -0.6 -3.2 8.2 -4.1 -11.3 8.2 2023 6.6 5.5 3.5 31.6 20.7 2.3 -11.9 18.0 6.3 9.5 3.5 3.8 7.9 5.6 5.6 7.7 -1.6 4.7 -2.6 1.8 7.1 4.4 2.9 2.7 6.1 4.5 10.1 9.2 9.7 2.7 -1.2 3.4 19.3 -6.2 16.5 -11.7 9.5 -15.9 -10.3 -6.1 2.1 -3.6 14.1 2.1 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 2. Arts and Cultural Production Value Added by State, 2023 United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Thousands of dollars Arts and cultural production industries 1 Core Supporting Total 1,169,753,742 265,805,188 873,767,497 7,102,932 1,205,080 5,541,464 1,465,286 181,740 1,225,829 15,803,568 3,794,800 11,482,548 3,849,165 965,575 2,652,959 288,902,344 65,841,175 219,563,053 19,696,588 5,339,503 13,742,051 13,938,793 2,675,396 10,861,507 1,134,587 296,771 730,631 15,023,327 4,587,557 10,315,062 50,847,872 14,732,343 34,171,098 31,218,180 7,572,605 22,685,336 3,252,734 910,890 2,246,732 2,765,600 611,621 2,023,489 37,393,781 10,359,870 25,728,621 10,089,031 2,230,402 7,184,027 5,195,772 963,450 3,931,046 5,478,242 935,411 4,270,243 6,917,596 1,286,679 5,290,386 6,558,664 1,496,038 4,684,457 2,495,500 766,815 1,617,849 13,666,096 2,777,658 10,366,683 29,739,104 7,191,942 21,712,188 20,546,147 5,243,197 14,431,273 14,802,054 3,605,802 10,599,849 2,708,750 353,810 2,166,848 12,654,185 3,494,815 8,611,701 2,445,328 581,405 1,785,234 4,104,109 933,103 2,985,497 12,425,883 3,815,430 8,381,172 3,511,052 750,577 2,614,044 29,193,199 5,944,451 22,318,377 3,459,449 550,864 2,772,759 164,710,427 41,705,772 120,867,117 25,052,288 5,533,996 18,696,278 1,765,420 233,567 1,451,285 26,120,418 5,935,025 19,095,781 5,409,802 1,266,573 3,801,510 11,073,880 2,483,956 8,246,647 30,428,008 7,287,527 21,868,410 2,568,488 622,429 1,825,695 9,414,323 2,091,720 6,856,172 1,501,546 274,060 1,125,064 21,182,564 5,998,069 14,586,309 65,569,985 15,594,810 47,253,045 9,586,983 2,124,907 7,205,618 1,246,393 395,198 802,024 21,351,091 4,631,309 15,953,695 78,993,523 4,589,210 73,793,975 1,572,486 173,092 1,281,453 12,439,989 2,634,508 9,263,268 1,381,206 232,683 1,100,136 Percent change, 2022–2023 Arts and cultural production industries 1 Core Supporting Total 7.6 10.6 6.8 10.8 17.6 9.6 3.2 16.7 1.2 10.9 18.9 8.6 11.0 16.4 9.5 6.2 3.8 6.9 7.4 12.1 5.7 6.0 9.2 5.2 1.6 9.7 -2.0 5.2 13.6 1.8 11.4 16.3 9.6 -0.6 14.6 -5.0 -0.7 3.4 -2.6 6.4 18.3 3.2 4.6 9.5 2.6 8.8 16.6 6.9 5.4 11.0 4.1 9.1 15.3 7.9 7.8 18.0 5.6 -3.4 11.1 -8.0 10.3 20.5 6.2 5.7 12.7 3.9 7.5 10.1 6.7 9.8 12.5 9.0 6.0 7.7 5.4 7.6 10.1 7.3 10.2 15.6 8.3 9.9 11.2 9.5 4.1 13.4 1.4 14.7 31.7 8.5 4.6 13.6 2.2 6.3 11.8 4.9 5.1 13.9 3.4 8.0 8.1 8.0 13.6 19.0 12.4 10.0 13.4 9.6 5.4 16.2 2.3 13.8 20.1 12.5 12.9 6.7 15.2 5.8 12.7 3.6 8.4 14.7 6.5 7.4 16.9 4.8 6.2 14.0 4.4 13.3 26.1 9.0 8.5 13.7 6.9 11.0 13.5 10.5 8.5 15.2 5.6 10.6 13.7 9.9 11.4 14.5 11.2 7.4 14.4 6.4 3.9 14.4 1.1 4.6 8.2 3.8 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account 1.Total arts and cultural production industries includes core industries, supporting industries, and industries with secondary production that is designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available here: https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 3. Industry Contributions to the Arts and Cultural Production Share of GDP by State, 2023—Continues Percentage points Core arts and cultural production industries Design services Total arts and Performing arts cultural production Promoters of Independent industries as a Agents/ share of GDP Performing performing arts managers for artists, writers, 1 and arts companies and similar (percent) artists performers events United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 4.2 2.3 2.2 3.0 2.2 7.5 3.7 4.0 1.2 8.5 3.2 3.8 2.9 2.3 3.4 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.1 2.7 2.7 4.0 3.0 3.1 1.8 2.9 3.3 2.3 5.1 3.1 3.6 2.6 7.6 3.2 2.3 3.0 2.1 3.5 3.1 3.3 2.9 2.0 4.0 2.5 3.4 2.9 3.0 9.8 1.5 2.9 2.7 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.07 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.32 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.16 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.01 0.27 0.03 0.04 0.09 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.17 0.11 0.05 0.03 0.51 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.07 0.03 0.11 0.07 0.06 0.01 0.09 0.05 0.08 0.54 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.23 0.06 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.13 0.04 0.07 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.63 0.12 0.07 0.03 0.08 0.12 0.06 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.18 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.13 0.05 0.27 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.27 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.22 0.06 0.10 0.09 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.08 Museums 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.09 0.04 0.03 0.13 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.09 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.08 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.05 Advertising 0.21 0.08 0.04 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.17 0.23 0.06 1.13 0.17 0.34 0.05 0.09 0.33 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.11 0.10 0.14 0.11 0.17 0.19 0.23 0.06 0.21 0.09 0.07 0.13 0.12 0.22 0.05 0.58 0.12 0.07 0.12 0.09 0.18 0.19 0.12 0.15 0.06 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.15 0.13 0.05 0.18 0.05 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account GDP Gross Domestic Product 1. Total arts and cultural production industries includes core industries, supporting industries, and industries with secondary production that are designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available here: https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis Architectural services 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.10 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.08 0.03 0.37 0.10 0.11 0.15 0.10 0.12 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.08 0.18 0.08 0.12 0.06 0.14 0.18 0.11 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.07 0.17 0.09 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.14 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.09 0.12 0.03 0.09 0.06 Rest of design services 0.21 0.12 0.03 0.23 0.10 0.30 0.32 0.16 0.07 0.20 0.30 0.23 0.19 0.16 0.21 0.12 0.09 0.12 0.11 0.09 0.16 0.18 0.19 0.30 0.16 0.04 0.18 0.26 0.11 0.16 0.19 0.19 0.05 0.29 0.28 0.06 0.18 0.10 0.21 0.15 0.24 0.17 0.07 0.16 0.17 0.24 0.25 0.17 0.13 0.03 0.14 0.12 Fine arts education 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.01 Education services 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.13 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 3. Industry Contributions to the Arts and Cultural Production Share of GDP by State, 2023—Table Ends Percentage points Supporting arts and cultural production industries Information services Art support services Rental and leasing United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account Government 0.49 0.55 1.11 0.48 0.53 0.41 0.67 0.35 0.23 3.11 0.40 0.42 0.50 0.61 0.54 0.53 0.47 0.57 0.53 0.38 0.43 0.63 0.38 0.56 0.55 0.63 0.50 0.89 0.46 0.50 0.38 0.50 0.79 0.43 0.49 0.70 0.45 0.47 0.76 0.37 0.48 0.55 0.67 0.41 0.39 0.56 0.53 0.54 0.62 0.61 0.52 1.25 Rest of support services 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.11 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Publishing 0.45 0.17 0.04 0.34 0.05 0.55 0.59 0.29 0.08 0.49 0.29 0.37 0.10 0.20 0.29 0.09 0.17 0.17 0.12 0.06 0.20 0.25 1.03 0.20 0.39 0.07 0.20 0.16 0.30 0.32 0.50 0.32 0.09 0.53 0.47 0.26 0.22 0.07 0.59 0.35 0.16 0.20 0.06 0.33 0.26 0.75 0.32 0.28 3.35 0.06 0.51 0.08 Motion pictures 0.33 0.07 0.07 0.09 0.06 1.22 0.12 0.46 0.04 0.16 0.16 0.37 0.26 0.07 0.12 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.13 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.08 0.17 0.04 0.18 0.14 0.17 0.38 0.74 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.24 0.10 0.11 0.05 0.07 0.25 0.11 0.22 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.03 0.05 0.06 Sound recording 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.27 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.73 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 Broadcasting 0.54 0.44 0.39 0.52 0.42 0.43 0.60 1.13 0.15 0.95 0.34 0.81 0.64 0.32 0.24 0.25 0.31 0.62 0.67 0.36 0.19 0.39 0.27 0.25 0.28 0.38 0.35 0.57 0.30 0.31 0.27 0.37 0.37 1.64 0.57 0.36 0.83 0.29 0.30 0.50 0.54 0.38 0.34 0.37 0.46 0.18 0.21 0.50 0.58 0.27 0.37 0.25 Other information services 0.65 0.09 0.01 0.21 0.02 2.30 0.18 0.50 0.02 0.85 0.19 0.24 0.16 0.06 0.42 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.73 0.36 0.23 0.02 0.13 0.14 0.14 1.27 0.15 0.51 0.02 1.33 0.21 0.03 0.12 0.06 0.14 0.27 0.13 0.20 0.03 0.09 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.20 1.96 0.03 0.10 0.05 Manufacturing 0.07 0.15 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.11 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.34 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.04 0.06 0.13 0.04 0.09 0.15 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.10 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.53 0.06 0.09 0.08 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.14 0.01 Construction 0.07 0.03 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.02 0.11 0.03 0.13 0.09 0.03 0.09 0.11 0.09 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.13 0.09 0.16 0.18 0.18 0.05 0.09 0.04 0.03 0.10 0.04 0.16 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.04 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.03 0.18 0.26 All other Wholesale and Retail industries transportation industries industries 0.20 0.13 0.03 0.16 0.13 0.23 0.16 0.10 0.04 0.05 0.29 0.16 0.14 0.18 0.26 0.13 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.13 0.05 0.17 0.11 0.32 0.28 0.06 0.24 0.10 0.06 0.28 0.23 0.51 0.03 0.26 0.25 0.07 0.14 0.08 0.17 0.14 0.13 0.37 0.03 0.23 0.18 0.18 0.11 0.26 0.11 0.04 0.10 0.04 0.24 0.15 0.11 0.24 0.13 0.18 0.13 0.12 0.14 0.04 0.21 0.22 0.11 0.15 0.21 0.17 0.18 0.11 0.17 0.14 0.20 0.15 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.14 0.27 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.25 0.18 0.11 0.20 0.18 0.27 0.17 0.16 0.18 0.27 0.12 0.19 0.13 0.23 0.14 0.29 0.17 0.13 2.22 0.12 0.14 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.09 0.12 0.12 0.11 0.07 0.12 0.12 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.14 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.11 0.10 0.09 0.13 0.12 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.11 0.13 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.08 0.12 0.13 0.09 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 4. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Value Added of Arts and Cultural Production by State, 2023—Continues Percentage points Percent Core arts and cultural production industries change in Performing arts Design services value added of total arts and Promoters of Independent Agents/ cultural Architectural Rest of design Performing performing arts artists, writers, Museums Advertising production arts companies and similar managers for services services and artists industries1 performers events United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 7.6 10.8 3.2 10.9 11.0 6.2 7.4 6.0 1.6 5.2 11.4 -0.6 -0.7 6.4 4.6 8.8 5.4 9.1 7.8 -3.4 10.3 5.7 7.5 9.8 6.0 7.6 10.2 9.9 4.1 14.7 4.6 6.3 5.1 8.0 13.6 10.0 5.4 13.8 12.9 5.8 8.4 7.4 6.2 13.3 8.5 11.0 8.5 10.6 11.4 7.4 3.9 4.6 0.49 0.31 0.26 0.33 0.24 0.52 0.30 0.23 0.30 0.26 0.71 0.28 0.08 0.51 0.41 0.31 0.25 0.08 0.41 0.22 0.53 0.32 0.40 0.19 0.46 0.13 0.54 0.22 0.25 2.24 0.32 0.15 0.56 0.61 0.15 0.06 0.30 0.79 0.32 0.40 0.43 0.50 0.10 2.85 0.54 0.40 0.82 0.37 0.13 0.19 0.43 0.13 0.65 0.44 0.42 1.10 1.49 0.52 0.91 0.23 0.71 1.75 0.91 0.60 0.42 0.76 0.54 0.81 0.51 0.46 0.28 0.60 0.63 0.35 0.72 0.56 0.42 0.16 0.91 0.61 0.88 4.62 0.67 0.46 0.67 0.74 0.57 0.66 1.32 0.21 0.43 0.56 0.33 0.56 0.62 0.92 0.45 0.55 0.25 0.79 0.21 0.26 0.43 0.46 0.06 0.02 -0.02 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.02 -0.04 0.04 0.23 0.02 0.00 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.02 -0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 -0.03 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.02 -0.01 0.08 0.05 -0.02 0.04 -0.02 0.09 0.05 0.00 -0.03 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.35 0.07 0.11 -0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.03 -0.23 -0.01 0.03 0.32 0.04 -0.82 0.08 -0.20 -0.24 -0.07 0.06 0.24 -1.46 0.10 -0.16 0.21 -0.14 0.01 0.21 0.14 1.47 0.00 -0.15 0.28 0.06 0.09 0.31 -0.48 -0.11 0.67 0.12 0.26 0.01 -0.51 0.14 0.28 0.15 0.53 -0.13 -0.15 -0.10 0.05 0.18 0.96 0.12 0.00 -0.19 -0.13 0.00 0.01 -0.05 -0.01 0.24 0.27 0.57 0.37 0.33 0.15 0.38 0.30 0.33 0.23 0.28 0.17 1.00 0.15 0.29 0.33 0.22 0.16 0.63 0.60 0.65 0.29 0.31 0.35 0.25 0.13 0.34 0.31 0.50 0.17 0.18 0.08 0.30 0.29 0.20 0.17 0.40 1.00 0.25 0.34 0.50 0.23 0.41 0.33 0.27 0.17 0.54 0.27 0.10 0.16 0.23 0.35 0.47 0.55 0.18 0.53 0.83 0.16 0.54 0.52 0.52 1.27 0.84 1.33 0.18 0.53 0.83 0.68 0.50 1.06 0.71 0.29 1.03 0.55 0.15 0.63 0.58 0.35 0.90 0.50 0.34 0.40 0.40 0.89 0.17 0.43 0.71 0.42 0.47 0.74 0.45 0.63 0.59 1.06 0.39 0.41 0.55 0.61 0.89 0.47 0.21 0.52 0.95 0.25 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account 1. Total arts and cultural production industries includes core industries, supporting industries, and industries with secondary production that are designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available here: https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx 0.14 0.32 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.01 0.19 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.28 0.08 0.16 0.72 0.10 0.29 0.18 0.26 0.36 0.10 0.40 0.08 0.07 0.18 0.12 0.20 0.46 0.08 0.31 0.12 0.18 0.15 0.28 0.10 0.40 0.04 0.24 0.59 0.06 0.28 0.25 0.17 0.33 0.25 0.43 0.11 0.32 0.19 0.01 0.04 0.28 0.13 0.43 0.94 0.01 1.20 0.60 0.22 0.77 0.33 0.48 0.07 1.05 0.31 0.79 0.80 0.31 0.56 0.44 0.34 0.47 0.46 1.07 0.61 0.15 0.97 0.06 0.33 0.59 1.42 0.48 0.25 0.85 0.30 0.10 0.30 1.46 0.17 0.47 0.66 0.17 0.42 0.85 0.80 0.65 0.43 0.69 0.94 1.62 0.84 0.15 0.23 0.48 0.04 Fine arts education 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.17 -0.01 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.02 -0.02 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.10 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.08 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.11 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.02 Education services 0.04 -0.04 0.00 -0.08 -0.02 0.03 -0.09 0.16 0.03 0.19 0.12 0.02 -0.28 -0.01 0.17 0.17 -0.10 0.08 -0.06 -0.25 -0.04 0.18 0.68 -0.13 -0.15 -0.14 0.01 -0.07 0.00 -0.03 -0.07 -0.07 -0.03 -0.03 0.26 -0.11 -0.04 -0.10 -0.05 0.30 0.38 0.05 -0.31 0.07 -0.03 0.01 0.18 -0.01 -0.02 0.04 -0.05 -0.06 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 4. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Value Added of Arts and Cultural Production by State, 2023—Table Ends Percentage points Supporting arts and cultural production industries Information services Art support services Rental and leasing United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.10 0.01 0.18 0.03 0.04 -0.03 0.11 0.09 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.29 0.03 0.14 0.00 0.04 0.01 -0.34 0.06 0.03 -0.01 0.23 0.08 0.02 0.11 0.01 0.08 0.12 0.05 0.13 0.05 -0.05 0.03 0.09 0.01 0.15 0.17 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.03 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account Government 0.65 2.95 -0.47 1.74 1.23 0.62 2.14 -0.91 -2.29 0.92 1.30 0.19 0.64 0.65 0.55 3.13 -2.48 1.66 0.11 0.07 -0.99 2.11 -0.18 2.17 -0.19 3.94 0.53 1.62 -0.19 -0.10 -2.58 -0.51 4.05 0.62 2.11 3.71 -0.51 1.79 4.12 -1.46 -0.03 1.84 0.31 0.70 0.77 3.51 0.39 1.92 0.09 1.80 -1.87 -0.85 Rest of art support services 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.06 0.00 0.12 0.07 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.09 0.05 0.09 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.13 0.03 0.03 Publishing 1.11 0.38 0.30 1.85 0.23 0.95 0.82 0.83 0.72 0.38 0.93 0.16 0.62 1.85 0.31 0.37 -0.13 0.28 1.46 0.12 2.57 0.69 2.94 1.02 0.48 0.85 1.01 1.17 0.41 2.39 -1.45 1.38 0.07 0.18 3.05 0.61 0.80 0.55 1.56 1.51 0.92 0.67 0.35 1.68 1.28 1.28 2.59 1.55 3.60 0.52 0.78 0.68 Motion pictures 0.00 1.00 0.56 0.68 0.68 -0.31 0.70 2.91 1.13 0.29 1.22 -5.23 -2.05 0.91 -0.08 0.79 0.53 0.40 0.73 -10.08 0.82 0.81 -0.30 0.59 0.35 -0.49 0.77 0.21 0.40 0.71 1.14 -0.21 -3.68 -0.03 0.59 0.57 0.25 1.41 1.72 -0.17 -0.16 -0.65 0.35 1.13 0.82 1.12 0.67 0.80 0.27 0.22 0.49 0.49 Sound recording 0.06 -0.08 0.00 0.15 0.00 -0.01 0.04 0.11 0.08 0.05 0.00 -0.14 0.06 0.06 -0.02 -0.33 0.02 0.05 0.11 0.12 0.07 -0.08 -0.04 0.08 0.08 0.78 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.20 -0.35 0.10 0.06 0.07 -0.04 0.01 0.04 -0.01 0.05 0.09 0.02 0.14 -0.02 1.09 0.11 0.24 -0.07 0.75 0.02 0.02 0.03 -0.03 Broadcasting 0.19 0.09 -0.69 -0.03 0.46 0.06 -0.72 0.04 -0.27 -0.15 -0.10 -0.93 0.28 0.36 -0.29 -0.10 0.13 0.78 0.40 0.02 -0.11 -0.24 -0.09 -0.05 -0.03 -0.32 -0.47 0.14 -0.05 -0.01 -0.21 -0.14 -0.02 0.79 0.19 0.09 0.24 -0.71 -0.25 -0.16 0.31 -0.36 -0.09 0.20 0.18 -0.15 -0.06 -0.14 1.81 -0.02 0.11 -0.26 Other information services 1.96 0.34 0.03 0.23 0.09 3.62 0.10 0.93 0.10 -0.18 0.98 1.00 1.21 0.31 1.14 0.22 0.17 0.02 0.53 0.19 0.47 0.71 2.34 0.58 1.12 0.17 0.52 0.58 0.19 0.20 0.89 2.14 0.06 3.84 1.55 0.55 -0.34 0.19 1.46 1.21 0.85 1.32 0.28 0.19 0.66 -0.13 0.68 0.67 1.25 0.24 0.48 0.26 Manufacturing Construction 0.19 1.37 0.35 0.17 0.30 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.08 0.28 0.14 0.14 0.57 0.10 0.27 0.19 0.58 2.87 0.20 0.31 0.07 0.25 -0.11 0.09 0.75 0.31 0.34 -0.03 0.37 0.93 0.21 0.15 0.13 0.19 0.06 0.17 0.26 4.08 0.02 0.60 0.10 0.26 0.52 0.31 0.07 0.03 -0.23 0.14 0.04 0.25 0.42 0.08 0.63 2.44 0.19 0.37 -0.54 -2.38 -0.04 0.09 0.06 -3.40 -2.19 0.19 -0.66 3.95 2.35 -0.69 2.29 -2.77 -1.99 -0.01 0.89 0.52 0.22 1.72 1.38 -1.37 1.17 3.96 0.08 0.71 -0.03 0.44 1.54 0.29 4.30 1.37 0.56 -1.60 -0.35 0.36 0.21 0.37 0.91 -1.28 0.39 0.38 0.61 -0.26 2.02 Wholesale and transportation Retail industries industries -0.04 0.25 0.25 -0.22 0.34 -0.24 0.05 0.23 0.10 -0.22 0.57 0.29 -0.04 0.34 -1.05 -0.10 -0.26 -0.23 0.16 -0.25 0.01 -0.06 -0.50 0.12 0.57 0.12 0.03 0.36 1.09 0.58 0.00 0.15 -0.16 0.00 0.37 -0.62 0.08 -0.22 0.19 -0.26 -0.14 -0.82 0.07 0.16 -0.32 0.14 -0.19 0.73 0.21 0.84 0.32 0.09 0.65 0.82 0.56 1.13 0.84 0.17 0.42 0.34 1.41 0.09 0.98 0.63 0.41 0.01 0.79 0.96 1.03 0.59 1.22 0.63 1.16 0.72 0.47 0.78 0.67 1.04 1.42 0.65 0.20 0.32 0.18 0.39 0.58 0.17 0.78 1.19 0.61 1.31 0.58 1.09 0.36 1.60 1.02 0.81 0.72 0.42 0.65 0.62 2.84 1.07 0.58 0.53 All other industries 0.18 0.40 0.31 0.25 0.45 0.07 0.23 0.18 0.60 0.05 0.33 0.21 0.22 0.34 0.23 0.44 0.40 0.37 0.36 0.38 0.32 0.26 0.15 0.31 0.26 0.47 0.33 0.26 0.31 0.13 0.26 0.22 0.30 0.08 0.27 0.38 0.29 0.52 0.22 0.29 0.30 0.39 0.49 0.21 0.33 0.21 0.27 0.28 0.06 0.60 0.29 0.26 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Line Table 5. Real Gross Output by Arts and Cultural Production Commodity: Percent Change from Preceding Period ACPSA item description 2018 5.4 6.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.3 9.3 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.3 2.7 2.7 8.1 9.0 6.5 8.7 6.5 8.6 2.0 -1.2 1.1 1.8 4.8 1.1 10.7 2.9 4.0 4.5 5.4 5.0 7.1 7.4 -0.1 -0.5 3.5 11.8 -3.9 -5.0 -2.7 -6.2 -7.1 -2.5 -2.8 4.8 2.5 -2.3 7.3 5.8 -0.1 6.0 6.3 9.0 14.9 2.0 2.5 -5.3 1.1 -4.4 26.4 5.5 6.0 2019 3.4 4.7 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.7 6.0 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 4.5 6.2 6.2 5.5 5.3 6.4 7.1 6.4 5.6 9.1 6.9 6.2 3.4 3.8 6.2 7.3 3.5 1.7 2.1 5.1 2.0 5.4 7.0 11.4 6.5 4.0 6.7 -2.3 -4.5 -1.6 -1.5 -4.8 -1.2 -1.7 5.4 0.2 -2.5 8.4 1.8 -3.5 10.5 -2.6 1.7 12.1 -0.9 -0.8 -3.4 0.2 -3.3 -8.1 0.9 1.0 1 Total 2 Core arts and cultural production 3 Performing arts 4 Music groups 5 Dance 6 Opera 7 Symphonies 8 Theater 9 Other 10 Independent artists, writers, and performers 11 Museums 12 Art 13 Botanical and zoological 14 Children's 15 Historical sites 16 History 17 Natural 18 Nature parks 19 Science 20 Other 21 Design services 22 Advertising 23 Architectural services, historic restoration 24 Landscape architectural services 25 All other architectural services 26 Interior design services 27 Industrial design services 28 Graphic design services 29 Fashion design services 30 Computer systems design 31 Photography and photofinishing services 32 All other design services 33 Fine arts education 34 Education services 35 Entertainment originals 36 Supporting arts and cultural production 37 Art support services 38 Rental and leasing 39 Agents/managers for artists 40 Promoters of performing arts and similar events 41 Grantmaking and giving services 42 Unions 43 Government 44 Other support services 45 Books publishing 46 Education (K–12) 47 Higher education 48 General reference 49 Professional, technical, and scholarly 50 Adult trade 51 Children 52 Other publishing 53 Cards, calendars, and other 54 Newspapers and periodicals 55 Software 56 Information services 57 Broadcasting 58 Sound recording 59 Motion pictures 60 Audio/visual production 61 Other information services 62 Manufactured goods 63 Jewelry and silverware 64 Printed goods 65 Musical instruments 66 Custom architectural woodwork and metalwork 67 Camera and motion picture equipment 68 Other goods 69 Construction ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available at https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2020 -2.5 -2.8 -38.8 -38.7 -38.7 -38.7 -38.7 -38.7 -40.0 -23.8 -5.8 -7.6 -7.6 -7.6 -7.6 -7.6 -7.6 1.8 -7.6 -7.6 2.0 3.4 -2.4 3.2 -2.4 1.1 10.7 0.2 -9.1 -5.8 -14.7 -9.1 -17.5 3.4 -3.4 -2.1 -16.1 -12.6 -28.1 -32.5 -20.4 8.6 4.3 -48.7 -8.1 -7.3 -7.8 -9.5 -10.1 -8.5 -6.0 4.8 3.4 -6.9 7.9 -2.4 -0.2 4.9 -70.3 -4.5 10.1 -0.6 6.5 -11.7 -6.1 -0.8 -10.8 -1.9 -6.4 2021 13.4 13.1 18.5 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 18.2 20.5 39.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.7 3.7 16.2 17.2 10.4 10.5 10.4 20.9 13.3 15.9 24.1 -12.9 12.5 24.1 16.7 4.7 0.4 13.7 19.2 9.5 42.3 41.1 27.0 -2.1 4.3 38.4 11.3 6.1 11.8 16.0 4.6 13.9 12.5 13.4 12.5 3.4 15.7 14.2 5.6 15.9 73.4 16.6 22.1 14.2 22.4 5.7 16.7 3.2 22.5 12.0 -3.0 2022 9.2 10.5 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.2 40.5 18.9 -2.6 -4.3 -4.3 -4.3 -4.3 -4.3 -4.3 3.7 -4.3 -4.3 8.9 7.3 9.8 14.2 9.8 12.2 5.5 14.2 22.8 84.4 13.9 22.8 37.7 7.2 10.9 7.9 21.2 10.0 20.0 45.9 13.3 3.9 4.8 50.9 7.2 7.0 3.1 50.8 3.9 5.3 1.5 10.6 4.0 4.9 12.7 5.9 -1.7 12.8 52.4 11.8 6.2 3.7 -0.2 8.1 5.2 10.1 2.7 6.7 7.7 2023 3.1 3.2 15.7 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.4 15.3 -14.9 4.2 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.8 1.8 4.8 4.8 4.1 4.3 2.9 3.4 2.9 4.5 4.7 4.7 4.5 5.2 4.2 4.5 14.3 1.4 4.7 3.1 4.6 5.4 6.8 5.4 15.8 12.4 1.5 13.5 -2.6 -1.2 1.8 -33.3 -2.3 0.3 3.0 8.8 7.8 2.0 10.3 1.9 -4.0 -1.1 0.0 4.0 9.1 -4.4 -3.5 -1.3 5.4 -0.5 7.5 -7.5 8.9 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 6. Real Gross Output by Arts and Cultural Production Commodity [Millions of chained (2017) dollars] Line ACPSA item description 2018 2019 1 Total 1,495,623 1,546,860 2 Core arts and cultural production 741,759 776,865 3 Performing arts 43,431 45,760 4 Music groups 8,148 8,582 5 Dance 2,811 2,960 6 Opera 3,357 3,536 7 Symphonies 7,425 7,820 8 Theater 17,863 18,815 9 Other 3,821 4,015 10 Independent artists, writers, and performers 42,343 44,754 11 Museums 26,097 27,653 12 Art 2,948 3,132 13 Botanical and zoological 4,873 5,177 14 Children's 1,032 1,096 15 Historical sites 1,217 1,292 16 History 590 626 17 Natural 4,717 5,011 18 Nature parks 5,251 5,489 19 Science 4,717 5,011 20 Other 737 783 21 Design services 416,924 439,709 22 Advertising 313,484 330,098 23 Architectural services, historic restoration 2,395 2,549 24 Landscape architectural services 14,660 15,695 25 All other architectural services 28,908 30,762 26 Interior design services 21,706 22,928 27 Industrial design services 2,755 3,006 28 Graphic design services 12,160 13,005 29 Fashion design services 1,371 1,455 30 Computer systems design 3,561 3,682 31 Photography and photofinishing services 15,684 16,287 32 All other design services 264 280 33 Fine arts education 7,172 7,697 34 Education services 116,552 120,574 35 Entertainment originals 89,265 90,762 36 Supporting arts and cultural production 753,911 769,889 37 Art support services 61,651 64,786 38 Rental and leasing 10,645 10,863 39 Agents/managers for artists 5,507 5,804 40 Promoters of performing arts and similar events 21,035 22,514 41 Grantmaking and giving services 1,324 1,474 42 Unions 686 731 43 Government 20,806 21,634 44 Other support services 1,659 1,769 45 Books publishing 23,907 23,360 46 Education (K–12) 2,276 2,173 47 Higher education 1,240 1,220 48 General reference 1,620 1,597 49 Professional, technical, and scholarly 3,653 3,476 50 Adult trade 8,749 8,648 51 Children 6,386 6,280 52 Other publishing 144,736 152,608 53 Cards, calendars, and other 15,393 15,430 54 Newspapers and periodicals 26,996 26,322 55 Software 102,388 111,037 56 Information services 360,623 367,071 57 Broadcasting 154,583 149,163 58 Sound recording 18,641 20,596 59 Motion pictures 19,657 19,149 60 Audio/visual production 89,900 91,473 61 Other information services 77,880 87,316 62 Manufactured goods 132,589 131,410 63 Jewelry and silverware 44,044 43,689 64 Printed goods 18,128 17,517 65 Musical instruments 5,215 5,228 66 Custom architectural woodwork and metalwork 12,624 12,209 67 Camera and motion picture equipment 1,756 1,613 68 Other goods 50,801 51,267 69 Construction 30,785 31,086 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available at https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2020 1,508,755 755,059 28,007 5,260 1,815 2,167 4,794 11,533 2,409 34,108 26,050 2,894 4,784 1,013 1,194 579 4,630 5,590 4,630 723 448,607 341,428 2,487 16,200 30,019 23,173 3,328 13,030 1,323 3,469 13,890 254 6,347 124,710 87,684 753,561 54,343 9,497 4,174 15,196 1,173 794 22,561 908 21,472 2,015 1,124 1,445 3,126 7,909 5,902 159,869 15,957 24,498 119,864 358,226 148,841 21,609 5,687 87,374 96,139 130,567 46,523 15,476 4,909 12,106 1,439 50,285 29,097 2021 2022 2023 1,711,498 1,869,730 1,927,948 854,079 943,941 974,156 33,182 46,524 53,828 6,218 8,716 10,056 2,145 3,007 3,469 2,562 3,591 4,143 5,667 7,943 9,164 13,633 19,110 22,048 2,902 4,077 4,702 47,650 56,650 48,200 27,015 26,324 27,436 3,001 2,872 3,010 4,962 4,748 4,976 1,050 1,005 1,053 1,239 1,185 1,242 600 574 602 4,802 4,596 4,816 5,815 6,029 6,138 4,802 4,596 4,816 750 718 752 521,335 567,476 590,669 399,987 429,270 447,682 2,745 3,015 3,102 17,906 20,448 21,135 33,127 36,386 37,437 28,025 31,439 32,849 3,769 3,977 4,163 15,097 17,241 18,054 1,643 2,017 2,109 3,022 5,573 5,866 15,633 17,800 18,551 316 388 406 7,410 10,201 11,663 130,533 139,986 141,940 88,052 97,621 102,246 856,908 925,027 953,480 64,803 78,570 82,192 10,403 11,448 12,067 5,941 7,130 7,612 21,439 31,290 32,976 1,490 1,688 1,955 777 808 908 23,520 24,660 25,020 1,256 1,896 2,152 23,897 25,615 24,948 2,137 2,287 2,259 1,257 1,296 1,319 1,676 2,528 1,686 3,269 3,396 3,316 9,010 9,487 9,512 6,639 6,738 6,942 181,227 200,468 218,107 17,945 18,660 20,117 25,339 26,591 27,117 138,722 156,278 172,327 409,082 433,165 441,545 157,212 154,570 148,436 25,044 28,240 27,920 9,863 15,032 15,027 101,852 113,822 118,401 117,426 124,681 136,052 149,075 154,529 147,710 56,952 56,838 54,846 16,356 17,678 17,454 5,730 6,029 6,357 12,492 13,751 13,683 1,762 1,810 1,945 56,323 60,120 55,609 28,217 30,399 33,106 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 7. Gross Output by Arts and Cultural Production Industry [Millions of dollars] Line ACPSA industry description 1 Total 2 3 Core arts and cultural production Performing arts 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 1,493,482 1,552,444 1,520,188 1,740,345 1,922,268 1,990,239 305,767 325,252 281,383 332,069 397,522 421,727 120,134 128,396 90,286 118,810 157,909 164,744 4 Performing arts companies 28,128 29,472 21,169 21,232 28,064 33,809 5 Promoters of performing arts and similar events 35,663 38,762 22,544 32,395 50,992 60,114 6 Agents/managers for artists 5,937 6,321 4,616 6,568 7,719 8,308 7 Independent artists, writers, and performers 50,407 53,841 41,956 58,614 71,133 62,513 19,894 21,377 19,806 21,051 20,030 21,728 8 Museums 9 Design services 150,706 159,612 156,626 176,388 199,751 213,237 10 Advertising 56,524 60,328 60,180 66,687 74,317 80,880 11 Architectural services 32,884 34,935 34,003 37,553 41,554 43,282 12 Landscape architectural services 6,055 6,244 6,458 6,833 7,748 8,072 13 Interior design services 19,985 21,046 21,281 25,975 29,390 31,047 14 Industrial design services 2,705 2,951 3,277 3,709 3,920 4,149 15 Graphic design services 12,228 13,060 13,065 15,149 17,419 18,413 16 Computer systems design 3,242 3,381 3,321 3,362 5,112 5,454 17 Photography and photofinishing services 15,410 15,894 13,441 15,127 17,811 19,321 18 All other design services 1,673 1,774 1,601 1,993 2,480 2,620 19 Fine arts education 7,312 7,902 6,568 7,748 10,735 12,378 20 Education services 7,721 7,965 8,097 8,072 9,097 9,641 1,147,682 1,186,077 1,199,275 1,363,821 1,473,218 1,514,476 21 Supporting arts and cultural production 22 Art support services 164,265 172,864 178,006 190,503 208,707 215,418 23 Rental and leasing 10,658 10,980 9,664 10,717 12,052 13,054 24 Grantmaking and giving services 1,412 1,586 1,287 1,652 1,903 2,242 25 Unions 1,201 1,271 1,311 1,338 1,446 1,674 26 Government 149,231 157,131 164,720 175,369 191,133 195,904 27 Other support services 1,763 1,896 1,024 1,428 2,173 2,545 766,637 792,916 801,606 916,062 987,161 1,017,736 28 Information services 29 Publishing 139,521 142,815 146,607 160,648 175,250 184,703 30 Motion pictures 140,278 142,110 121,502 138,882 161,892 167,527 31 Sound recording 19,861 21,818 22,809 26,028 29,402 30,564 32 Broadcasting 282,487 277,931 277,494 295,333 300,151 290,811 33 Other information services 184,489 208,242 233,194 295,171 320,466 344,130 37,463 36,325 33,404 36,154 40,148 40,738 7,223 7,164 6,229 7,380 8,210 8,296 12,815 11,997 10,446 10,843 12,031 11,993 34 Manufacturing 35 Jewelry and silverware manufacturing 36 Printed goods manufacturing 37 Musical instruments manufacturing 1,998 2,040 1,964 2,277 2,459 2,763 38 Custom architectural woodwork and metalwork manufacturing 9,057 8,649 8,156 8,610 9,964 10,153 39 Other goods manufacturing 6,369 6,474 6,609 7,045 7,484 7,534 40 Construction 28,970 29,946 28,532 28,161 31,779 36,373 41 NonACPSA-related production 40,034 41,115 39,531 44,454 51,527 54,035 42 Wholesale and transportation industries 80,203 82,106 80,336 95,839 107,810 100,948 70,144 71,919 77,392 97,102 97,614 103,262 40,034 41,115 39,531 44,454 51,527 54,035 43 Retail industries All other industries1 44 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account 1. Consists of the industries with secondary production designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available at https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 8. Arts and Cultural Production Employment and Compensation by State, 2023 2023 Arts and cultural production industries Core 1 Total Employment United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 5,395,370 61,167 13,291 95,294 32,906 821,183 121,228 53,421 10,156 50,307 307,615 164,919 19,608 25,272 226,407 92,643 48,290 49,454 51,094 48,591 18,073 86,234 130,263 144,279 93,918 31,781 89,121 20,269 34,454 46,761 22,986 148,377 28,153 482,543 167,254 14,852 150,783 48,659 70,137 189,700 17,424 67,784 16,176 108,773 360,964 69,047 10,412 117,878 190,684 18,145 95,305 11,336 Compensation (thousands of dollars) 553,893,510 3,408,051 1,028,382 7,331,564 2,019,270 136,233,148 10,535,225 5,924,413 652,481 9,986,618 24,346,037 13,538,119 1,603,616 1,498,820 19,925,651 5,535,289 2,711,102 2,921,261 3,267,630 3,290,190 1,233,695 7,635,337 15,678,925 11,102,907 7,700,111 1,507,766 6,635,073 1,304,237 2,238,374 4,448,569 1,842,816 14,583,038 1,929,569 66,060,273 12,594,938 903,335 11,284,501 2,904,704 6,144,755 14,567,696 1,327,169 4,571,623 912,767 8,701,660 31,967,212 5,136,965 719,370 10,640,769 33,413,731 984,177 6,541,701 918,877 Employment 1,147,747 7,638 1,408 19,203 5,917 180,556 (D) (D) 2,151 13,628 66,479 30,912 5,927 4,137 (D) (D) 7,503 6,493 (D) 9,678 3,889 16,042 40,481 31,896 (D) 2,702 (D) 3,359 6,505 10,718 4,316 27,184 3,813 (D) 29,260 1,813 (D) 7,478 14,106 46,944 4,502 11,498 2,248 (D) 77,257 14,301 2,780 23,981 (D) 1,708 (D) 1,277 Compensation (thousands of dollars) 118,319,600 539,197 97,445 1,551,544 447,822 26,426,628 (D) (D) 153,953 2,303,759 5,915,110 3,160,895 407,430 272,469 (D) (D) 472,166 443,412 (D) 635,431 306,432 1,424,159 3,895,050 3,054,893 (D) 163,557 (D) 242,053 442,972 1,255,669 362,140 2,659,300 270,332 (D) 2,580,981 110,483 (D) 519,101 1,206,604 3,672,864 320,480 870,539 129,833 (D) 7,029,697 948,949 202,338 2,208,678 (D) 90,075 (D) 95,554 Supporting Employment 4,087,582 51,332 11,564 72,753 25,612 622,369 92,572 37,827 7,486 36,136 230,679 128,873 13,057 20,263 168,055 74,305 39,165 41,479 40,285 36,969 13,509 67,587 86,013 107,537 70,442 27,857 64,540 16,389 26,916 34,376 17,922 116,654 23,500 331,871 132,926 12,605 108,383 39,477 53,960 136,283 12,415 53,899 13,456 82,505 269,351 53,090 7,326 89,872 164,850 15,715 75,788 9,788 Compensation (thousands of dollars) 420,599,886 2,698,180 902,333 5,490,909 1,470,619 107,866,770 7,848,894 4,452,755 450,343 7,602,893 17,521,919 9,926,528 1,145,848 1,161,709 14,401,886 4,273,719 2,111,331 2,361,749 2,535,068 2,506,945 873,419 5,965,791 11,326,345 7,626,755 5,707,812 1,266,326 4,756,558 1,023,553 1,715,659 3,058,342 1,407,284 11,440,169 1,598,122 45,712,741 9,583,447 756,416 7,832,795 2,260,927 4,758,272 10,303,850 963,680 3,522,304 747,761 5,847,840 23,582,668 4,053,700 492,277 8,049,858 30,894,125 840,265 5,098,503 801,922 1 Total Employment 0.3 5.8 -4.0 5.1 7.5 -2.6 3.6 -5.2 2.3 -3.7 5.5 -5.0 -6.6 -3.3 0.6 5.5 3.1 -0.6 -2.2 -5.3 -6.3 2.7 -0.1 5.1 -2.6 1.5 1.2 2.4 -6.5 4.0 -4.4 -1.5 5.3 0.7 7.6 -2.7 -2.3 4.9 7.3 1.0 -0.3 2.8 -3.0 0.9 -2.0 4.6 -3.8 2.1 0.6 1.1 -5.4 -4.5 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (D) Data are suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. 1. Total arts and cultural production industries includes core industries, supporting industries, and industries with secondary production that are designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available here: https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx Percent change, 2022–2023 Arts and cultural production industries Core Compensation 3.6 9.1 -0.1 8.2 9.0 1.0 4.6 -1.0 5.4 2.0 8.3 -6.9 -5.6 2.9 0.7 7.2 2.0 3.3 4.4 -4.5 1.4 5.4 2.6 8.2 2.1 6.6 6.5 8.1 -0.6 12.7 0.5 1.6 4.5 2.8 12.0 4.0 0.7 10.5 11.6 0.2 4.3 5.6 3.4 8.8 5.2 9.4 3.6 7.9 12.5 5.5 -1.6 1.9 Employment 4.2 4.5 5.7 4.5 3.2 2.9 5.2 4.6 5.0 3.7 6.6 3.7 4.4 8.8 3.7 8.3 2.2 5.3 (D) (D) 4.6 (D) 7.1 3.0 (D) -2.4 4.2 2.6 3.8 12.0 0.7 1.4 4.8 3.7 7.0 3.9 4 3.5 (D) (D) 6.0 7 1.1 7 3.8 5 7.8 (D) (D) 5.3 3.2 0.0 Compensation 4.2 8.9 12.0 9.9 8.6 -2.8 6.4 3.4 9.8 6.5 10.1 6.4 -0.3 11.5 3.1 9.0 4.7 7.4 (D) (D) 10.6 (D) 5.8 6.2 (D) 2.3 7.3 5.8 6.7 20.7 5.4 3.9 7.2 2.8 13.0 4.7 8 10.2 (D) (D) 9.1 9 6.3 17 7.2 7 8.6 (D) (D) 8.2 6.7 3.1 Supporting Employment -0.8 6.2 -5.3 5.4 8.8 -4.2 3.2 -8.6 1.4 -6.3 5.2 -7.1 -11.3 -5.7 -0.4 5.2 3.4 -1.6 -4.3 -8.5 -9.4 2.1 -3.2 5.9 -3.4 1.9 0.2 2.3 -9.0 1.8 -5.8 -2.3 5.5 -0.6 8.0 -3.7 -4.4 5.3 9.4 -0.1 -2.5 1.9 -3.9 -0.9 -3.8 4.5 -7.8 1.5 0.1 0.6 -7.4 -5.2 Compensation 3.4 9.2 -1.5 7.8 9.4 1.9 4.0 -2.5 4.0 0.7 7.6 -10.9 -7.8 0.9 -0.3 7.0 1.2 2.4 2.9 -6.7 -1.7 4.9 1.6 9.1 2.3 7.3 6.2 8.7 -2.6 10.0 -0.9 0.9 3.9 2.7 11.9 3.7 -2.1 10.8 15.1 -2.3 2.9 4.6 2.8 5.7 4.5 10.1 1.6 8.0 13.0 5.1 -3.7 1.6 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 9. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Arts and Cultural Production Employment by State, 2023—Continues Percentage points Core arts and cultural production industries Design services Percent change in total Performing arts arts and Promoters of Independent cultural Agents/ Performing performing arts artists, writers, production managers for 1 and and similar arts companies industries artists performers events United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 0.3 5.8 -4.0 5.1 7.5 -2.6 3.6 -5.2 2.3 -3.7 5.5 -5.0 -6.6 -3.3 0.6 5.5 3.1 -0.6 -2.2 -5.3 -6.3 2.7 -0.1 5.1 -2.6 1.5 1.2 2.4 -6.5 4.0 -4.4 -1.5 5.3 0.7 7.6 -2.7 -2.3 4.9 7.3 1.0 -0.3 2.8 -3.0 0.9 -2.0 4.6 -3.8 2.1 0.6 1.1 -5.4 -4.5 0.10 0.07 0.00 0.11 0.03 0.12 0.11 0.14 0.01 0.05 0.14 0.07 (D) 0.13 0.10 0.03 0.11 0.04 (D) -0.01 -0.03 0.13 0.09 0.02 0.13 0.02 0.10 0.20 0.08 0.37 (D) 0.01 0.13 0.13 0.04 -0.01 0.07 (D) 0.08 0.09 (D) 0.11 (D) 0.17 0.07 0.26 0.06 0.12 (D) -0.15 0.08 (D) 0.07 0.09 0.06 0.31 0.11 0.07 0.14 -0.06 0.29 0.16 0.12 0.07 0.05 0.27 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.04 0.06 0.06 -0.20 0.21 0.10 0.04 -0.02 0.02 0.12 0.00 0.13 0.75 0.17 0.09 0.20 0.05 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.08 -0.11 -0.05 -0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.06 -0.02 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.00 (D) 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01 (D) 0.01 0.02 0.12 0.01 -0.03 0.22 0.10 0.15 0.24 0.15 0.22 0.01 0.17 0.10 -0.09 0.14 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.10 1.13 0.05 0.18 0.10 0.15 0.06 0.00 0.13 0.20 -0.03 1.04 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.11 0.14 (D) 0.16 0.06 -0.12 -0.07 0.01 0.05 0.23 0.18 0.14 0.19 0.16 0.14 0.03 (D) 0.03 -0.08 Museums 0.22 0.20 0.30 0.29 0.15 0.19 0.21 0.29 0.19 0.24 0.23 0.18 1.16 0.05 0.21 0.31 0.11 0.15 0.47 (D) 0.49 0.07 0.23 0.26 0.12 -0.01 0.14 0.15 (D) 0.35 0.08 0.11 0.23 0.28 0.13 0.22 0.37 (D) (D) 0.21 0.41 0.21 0.05 0.26 0.23 0.14 0.19 0.19 0.24 0.11 0.17 0.11 Advertising 0.04 0.12 0.01 -0.07 -0.25 -0.02 0.08 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.16 0.18 (D) 0.11 0.10 0.12 0.07 0.32 0.18 0.11 (D) 0.11 -0.14 0.06 -0.07 -0.02 0.01 -0.11 0.01 0.09 -0.06 0.24 0.12 -0.18 0.21 0.12 0.08 0.19 -0.05 -0.05 0.13 0.29 0.04 0.15 0.08 0.15 0.20 -0.02 0.05 0.17 0.17 0.12 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (D) Data are suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. 1. Total arts and cultural production industries includes core industries, supporting industries, and industries with secondary production that are designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available here: https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx Architectural services 0.10 0.08 0.15 0.13 0.23 0.04 0.15 0.09 -0.01 0.11 0.15 0.13 0.07 0.24 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.13 0.04 0.23 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.15 -0.01 0.05 0.11 0.04 0.10 0.15 0.05 0.18 0.05 0.11 0.08 -0.01 0.16 0.14 0.08 0.09 0.20 0.26 0.03 0.09 0.12 -0.06 0.03 0.11 0.03 Rest of design services 0.08 0.13 -0.01 0.25 0.33 -0.09 0.33 0.09 0.24 -0.07 0.22 0.03 0.26 0.13 0.02 0.19 0.04 0.00 0.15 0.08 0.36 (D) -0.13 0.34 (D) 0.03 0.04 0.14 (D) 0.02 0.18 -0.04 0.02 0.07 0.19 -0.07 0.00 0.15 0.01 (D) 0.10 0.35 (D) 0.20 0.21 0.08 0.30 (D) 0.03 0.09 0.17 (D) Fine arts education 0.04 0.00 (D) 0.04 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.00 0.12 -0.04 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.09 0.02 0.02 -0.01 -0.02 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.04 0.02 -0.03 0.05 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.05 -0.02 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.07 0.01 0.08 0.04 (D) -0.04 0.00 0.03 0.04 -0.02 0.10 0.06 0.06 0.02 0.03 -0.03 Education services 0.05 -0.15 -0.05 -0.39 -0.11 0.02 -0.24 0.28 -0.05 0.41 0.17 -0.18 -0.40 0.16 0.17 0.42 -0.22 0.00 -0.16 -0.75 -0.19 0.10 1.68 -0.32 -0.36 -0.33 0.32 -0.19 -0.04 -0.18 -0.58 -0.36 -0.19 0.47 0.16 -0.27 -0.13 -0.21 -0.06 0.46 0.77 0.10 -0.43 0.12 -0.29 0.21 0.74 0.05 -0.13 0.15 -0.29 -0.16 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 9. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Arts and Cultural Production Employment by State, 2023—Table Ends Percentage points Supporting arts and cultural production industries Information services Art support services Rental and leasing United States Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.05 (D) 0.12 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.11 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 -0.12 0.03 0.00 (D) (D) 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.03 (D) 0.01 0.02 0.03 -0.01 0.08 0.05 0.00 (D) 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 -0.02 Government 0.47 4.84 -4.75 2.75 3.40 1.72 3.04 -4.10 3.05 -3.13 3.37 -0.92 -0.35 -2.21 1.18 5.21 -0.75 -2.69 -4.26 -2.78 -4.71 3.86 -0.46 3.12 -3.11 1.22 -1.69 0.42 -4.41 -1.96 -7.62 -1.86 5.73 1.73 5.14 -3.52 -1.96 0.49 5.34 0.06 1.76 1.98 -3.28 -0.54 -3.21 4.52 -3.55 1.04 -1.70 -0.37 -5.64 -6.76 Rest of art support services 0.04 0.00 0.07 -0.02 (D) 0.03 0.01 0.03 (D) 0.21 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.11 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.16 0.02 -0.01 0.05 -0.01 0.08 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.01 -0.01 0.09 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.06 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.02 0.02 -0.03 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.04 (D) Publishing -0.05 -0.29 (D) 0.25 -0.06 -0.15 -0.24 -0.04 -0.06 -0.34 (D) -0.33 0.06 0.00 -0.14 -0.11 -0.31 -0.04 0.49 -0.02 0.43 -0.22 -0.01 0.09 -0.21 0.18 0.05 -0.19 -0.43 0.84 -0.50 0.18 -0.05 -0.22 0.33 -0.34 0.03 0.08 -0.20 0.05 0.11 0.03 -0.15 0.20 0.06 -0.56 0.20 -0.03 -0.16 -0.02 0.30 0.04 Motion pictures -1.09 0.12 -0.12 0.36 -0.08 -3.84 0.03 -0.23 0.36 -0.06 0.13 -3.64 -2.31 0.21 -0.18 -0.09 0.03 -0.04 0.06 -6.71 -0.06 -0.18 (D) 0.28 0.07 -0.33 0.18 -0.47 0.04 0.26 0.11 -0.43 (D) -2.68 0.04 0.01 -0.03 0.31 (D) -0.41 -0.33 -0.22 -0.08 -0.38 -0.13 -0.47 -0.31 0.29 (D) -0.12 0.02 -0.05 Sound recording -0.06 -0.01 0.00 0.00 (D) -0.09 -0.02 0.00 -0.04 0.01 -0.12 -0.08 0.00 -0.02 -0.08 -0.05 (D) (D) (D) 0.01 -0.02 -0.04 -0.05 0.00 -0.07 -0.02 -0.03 -0.02 0.00 0.09 -0.02 -0.02 (D) -0.12 -0.05 (D) -0.01 -0.01 -0.03 -0.03 -0.01 -0.04 -0.05 -0.35 -0.02 0.03 -0.05 -0.02 -0.03 0.01 -0.04 (D) Broadcasting Other information services -0.15 -0.21 -0.66 -0.56 0.13 0.33 -0.78 -0.48 (D) -0.53 -0.27 -0.77 -0.23 -0.01 -0.49 -0.26 -0.17 0.07 -0.17 -0.37 -0.11 -0.53 -0.44 -0.25 -0.22 -0.60 -0.72 -0.30 -0.47 -0.33 -0.38 -0.07 -0.21 0.85 -0.14 (D) -0.86 -0.48 -0.38 -0.37 -0.19 -0.87 -0.37 -0.03 -0.19 -0.34 -0.06 -0.55 -0.45 (D) -0.15 (D) ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account (D) Data are suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. 1. Total arts and cultural production industries includes core industries, supporting industries, and industries with secondary production that are designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available here: https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis -0.08 -0.08 -0.01 -0.29 0.00 -0.50 -0.21 -0.20 (D) -0.58 0.19 -0.05 0.03 -0.40 -0.40 0.00 0.02 -0.10 0.15 -0.03 -0.03 0.04 -0.35 -0.35 0.00 0.03 -0.04 0.04 -0.33 0.04 0.04 0.38 -0.04 0.16 (D) -0.06 -0.52 -0.20 0.39 0.09 0.07 -0.01 0.06 -0.01 0.10 -0.49 -0.01 -0.21 0.70 -0.16 0.08 0.20 Manufacturing -0.03 0.06 0.01 -0.02 -0.13 -0.04 -0.08 (D) -0.03 0.00 0.06 -0.02 0.04 0.00 -0.03 -0.08 (D) (D) (D) 0.08 (D) -0.07 (D) -0.04 -0.04 0.36 -0.06 -0.01 0.27 (D) (D) -0.02 (D) -0.04 (D) (D) -0.16 -0.11 -0.07 -0.02 -0.93 -0.06 0.00 -0.07 0.04 0.09 (D) -0.05 -0.02 -0.29 -0.28 -0.01 Construction 0.08 0.24 0.33 0.92 2.32 -0.31 0.38 -1.80 -2.01 -0.15 -0.11 -0.32 -4.96 -2.08 -0.35 -0.68 3.58 1.13 -0.94 3.01 -3.16 -1.91 -0.09 0.85 0.49 -0.30 1.87 1.58 -3.13 1.73 4.09 0.04 1.02 -0.14 0.31 1.23 -0.11 3.57 1.55 0.26 -2.24 -0.70 -0.01 0.13 0.12 1.12 -1.89 0.15 0.96 0.08 -1.09 1.82 Wholesale and transportation industries -0.10 -0.02 0.19 -0.05 0.16 -0.32 -0.13 0.12 0.08 -0.07 -0.03 0.20 (D) 0.21 -0.07 -0.40 -0.09 -0.20 0.01 -0.33 (D) 0.15 -0.17 -0.01 0.22 0.06 -0.04 0.32 1.31 -0.06 -0.25 0.03 -0.45 -0.04 -0.09 (D) -0.16 -0.37 -0.09 -0.17 (D) -0.29 (D) -0.23 -0.34 -0.12 -0.21 0.02 0.11 (D) 0.10 0.00 Retail industries 0.35 0.51 0.32 0.74 1.01 -0.01 0.38 0.29 0.90 0.00 (D) 0.24 0.16 -0.47 0.13 0.54 0.51 0.43 1.13 0.33 0.66 0.43 0.06 0.55 0.27 1.15 0.60 0.52 -0.07 0.34 -0.06 -0.13 0.94 0.04 0.52 0.51 0.51 0.89 0.32 0.38 0.10 1.60 0.64 0.52 0.63 -0.28 0.39 0.44 (D) 0.86 0.65 0.42 All other industries 0.08 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.11 0.03 0.07 (D) 0.18 0.03 0.13 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.06 0.07 (D) (D) 0.08 (D) 0.05 0.08 (D) 0.06 0.09 0.07 0.08 0.11 0.07 0.07 0.10 0.07 0.10 0.09 0.08 0.12 (D) (D) 0.05 0.12 0.07 0.09 0.15 0.07 0.07 (D) (D) 0.11 0.06 0.06 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 10. Real Gross Output Contributions by Arts and Cultural Production Industry [Percentage points] Line ACPSA industry description Total industries' percent change Core arts and cultural production Performing arts Performing arts companies Promoters of performing arts and similar events Agents/managers for artists Independent artists, writers, and performers Museums Design services Advertising Architectural services Landscape architectural services Interior design services Industrial design services Graphic design services Computer systems design Photography and photofinishing services All other design services Fine arts education Education services Supporting arts and cultural production Art support services Rental and leasing Grantmaking and giving services Unions Government Other support services Information services Publishing Motion pictures Sound recording Broadcasting Other information services Manufacturing Jewelry and silverware manufacturing Printed goods manufacturing Musical instruments manufacturing Custom architectural woodwork and metalwork manufacturing Other goods manufacturing Construction NonACPSA-related production Wholesale and transportation industries Retail industries All other industries1 2018 4.81 1.28 0.49 0.03 0.14 0.03 0.28 0.04 0.72 0.35 0.15 0.03 0.12 0.00 -0.01 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.05 -0.01 3.50 0.11 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.01 3.05 0.23 0.52 0.15 0.21 1.94 -0.09 -0.01 -0.05 0.00 -0.04 0.01 0.08 0.03 0.10 0.24 0.03 2019 3.15 1.15 0.43 0.07 0.17 0.02 0.18 0.07 0.61 0.22 0.15 0.02 0.08 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.00 1.95 0.51 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.49 0.01 1.63 0.20 0.17 0.18 -0.38 1.46 -0.13 -0.02 -0.08 0.00 -0.04 0.01 -0.04 0.05 -0.06 0.04 0.05 2020 -2.51 -2.98 -2.59 -0.57 -1.09 -0.12 -0.81 -0.14 -0.15 0.03 -0.06 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 -0.17 -0.01 -0.10 0.00 0.58 0.35 -0.10 -0.02 0.00 0.52 -0.05 0.51 0.23 -1.28 0.09 -0.06 1.51 -0.22 -0.08 -0.11 -0.01 -0.04 0.01 -0.14 -0.11 -0.07 0.15 -0.11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account 1. Consists of the industries with secondary production designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available at https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2021 12.31 3.11 1.76 -0.03 0.63 0.14 1.02 0.04 1.27 0.46 0.22 0.02 0.29 0.03 0.13 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.07 -0.02 9.05 0.78 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.69 0.03 7.09 1.00 1.07 0.22 1.05 3.74 0.03 0.06 0.00 0.01 -0.04 0.00 -0.10 0.15 0.54 0.70 0.15 2022 6.43 2.94 1.96 0.31 1.00 0.08 0.56 -0.13 0.91 0.24 0.17 0.04 0.15 0.01 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.02 0.16 0.04 3.30 0.85 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.79 0.04 2.91 0.91 0.93 0.19 -0.23 1.12 -0.01 0.02 -0.02 0.00 -0.02 0.00 -0.04 0.19 0.03 -0.44 0.19 2023 3.25 0.49 -0.13 0.22 0.30 0.00 -0.65 0.03 0.50 0.31 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.01 2.68 0.27 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.20 0.01 2.41 0.40 0.47 0.00 -0.18 1.72 -0.06 -0.02 -0.03 0.01 -0.01 -0.01 0.12 0.08 -0.41 0.35 0.08 WEDNESDAY, April 2, 2025 Table 11. Industry Contributions to Percent Change in Value Added of Arts and Cultural Production [Percentage points] Line ACPSA industry description Total industries' percent change Core arts and cultural production Performing arts Performing arts companies Promoters of performing arts and similar events Agents/managers for artists Independent artists, writers, and performers Museums Design services Advertising Architectural services Landscape architectural services Interior design services Industrial design services Graphic design services Computer systems design Photography and photofinishing services All other design services Fine arts education Education services Supporting arts and cultural production Art support services Rental and leasing Grantmaking and giving services Unions Government Other support services Information services Publishing Motion pictures Sound recording Broadcasting Other information services Manufacturing Jewelry and silverware manufacturing Printed goods manufacturing Musical instruments manufacturing Custom architectural woodwork and metalwork manufacturing Other goods manufacturing Construction NonACPSA-related production Wholesale and transportation industries Retail industries All other industries1 2018 2.43 1.55 0.55 0.02 0.12 0.04 0.37 0.06 0.90 0.32 0.20 0.02 0.19 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.05 -0.01 0.85 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.49 0.44 -0.58 0.05 -0.04 0.62 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 -0.01 0.01 0.10 0.04 -0.02 0.24 0.04 2019 4.28 0.88 0.25 -0.01 0.09 0.02 0.15 0.01 0.58 0.08 0.23 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.08 0.01 0.02 0.01 3.33 0.50 -0.01 0.01 0.00 0.49 0.00 2.85 1.05 -0.44 0.06 -0.10 2.28 -0.06 -0.01 -0.05 0.00 -0.04 0.03 -0.06 0.07 -0.03 0.13 0.07 2020 -1.66 -2.51 -2.31 -0.57 -0.88 -0.11 -0.74 0.02 -0.11 0.17 -0.17 -0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 0.00 -0.16 -0.02 -0.13 0.01 0.93 0.00 -0.12 -0.02 0.00 0.18 -0.04 1.13 0.55 -1.35 0.19 -0.17 1.90 -0.19 -0.05 -0.12 0.00 -0.04 0.02 -0.25 -0.08 0.19 0.07 -0.08 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 ACPSA Arts and Cultural Production Satellite Account 1. Consists of the industries with secondary production designated as artistic and cultural. Note. A concordance of NAICS and ACPSA industries is available at https://apps.bea.gov/regional/xls/ListofARTSIndustries.xlsx. U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 2021 11.12 2.40 0.84 -0.40 0.23 0.10 0.92 -0.25 1.79 0.68 0.29 0.06 0.36 0.05 0.18 0.02 0.15 0.05 0.05 -0.03 8.55 0.34 -0.03 0.02 0.00 0.34 0.02 7.54 1.80 1.56 0.30 0.99 2.88 0.22 0.09 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.17 0.09 0.32 0.17 2022 3.79 2.60 1.60 0.34 0.82 0.10 0.33 -0.13 0.92 0.24 0.25 0.07 0.13 -0.01 0.06 0.13 0.04 0.03 0.18 0.02 0.99 0.79 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.76 0.04 1.25 0.39 1.24 0.36 -0.40 -0.33 -0.09 0.04 -0.05 0.00 -0.08 0.00 -0.05 0.20 -0.22 -0.69 0.20 2023 6.60 1.23 0.28 0.37 0.42 0.01 -0.52 0.17 0.78 0.45 0.10 0.02 0.13 0.02 0.06 0.03 -0.02 0.01 -0.01 0.01 5.32 0.56 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.53 0.01 4.41 1.01 0.22 -0.02 0.45 2.76 -0.11 0.05 -0.07 0.01 -0.07 -0.04 -0.11 0.06 -0.19 0.76 0.06