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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR F rances P e rk in s, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R S T A T IS T IC S Isador L u b in , Commissioner U n io n Scales o f W a g e s and H ou rs in the B u ild in g Trades M a y 15,1936 By FLORENCE PETERSON and C. F. RAUTH o f th e B u rea u o f L a b or Statistics Bulletin 7\£o. 626 December 1936 U N IT E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G OF F IC E W A S H I N G T O N : 1937 F or sale b y t h e S u p e rin te n d e n t o f D o c u m e n ts, W ash in g ton , D . C . - P rice 10 cen ts CONTENTS Page Summary______________________________________________________________ Scope and method of the study____________________________________ Trend of wage rates and hours, 1907-36, all trades combined____________ Changes between 1935 and 1936__________ Wage rates and hours in 1936: Average union wage rates and hours______________________________ Distribution of members by wage rates and hours__________________ Provisions in union agreements: Hours per day and days per week__________________________________ Overtime pay and restrictions on overtime__________________________ Sundays and holidays______________________________________________ Extra pay for special contingencies_________________________________ Disabled and older workers________________________________________ Out-of-town contractors____________________________________________ Out-of-town jobs__________________________________________________ Sharing of work___________________________________________________ Apprentices_______________________________________________________ Temporary workers________________________________________________ Other provisions___________________________________________________ Trend of wage rates and hours 1907-36, by trades_______________________ Rates and hours for each trade in each city, 1935 and 1936_______________ hi 1 2 5 6 8 9 14 14 16 16 17 18 18 19 19 20 21 22 25 PREFACE The Bureau of Labor Statistics has made surveys of union wage rates in a number of time-work trades each year since 1907. These annual reports not only serve as a reference for current rates among the various trades and cities studied, but show the trend in union rates of wages and hours throughout the period. Previously the reports on all these trades have been incorporated in one general bulletin. The Bureau is issuing separate reports on the 1936 surveys, this bulletin on the building trades being the first. The wages and hours prevailing in the building trades are of con siderable importance in our national economy. This is due not only to the large number of workers directly engaged in the building trades, but also to the influence these rates have on wages in other trades. Because of the prevalence of trade-union negotiations in the building trades, union rates are an important indicator of wage and hour trends. I sador L u b in , Commissioner of Labor Statistics. J a n u a r y 14, 1937. UNION WAGE RATES AND HOURS IN BUILDING TRADES Index Numbers 1929 = 100 Index Numbers Bulletin ?{o. 626 of the United States Bureau of Labor Statistics U nion Scales o f W ages and H ours in the Building Trades, M ay 15, 1936 Sum m ary The 1936 index of union hourly wage rates for the building trades was 5 % percent higher than in 1933, at which time it was the lowest since 1924. During the last 3 years, the index of union hours decreased about 4% percent. The index of union wage rates in effect on M a y 15, 1936, in the 70 cities covered in the study, was 91.6, based on the 1929 rates as 100. The index of union hours was 89.8. The average rate of wages in 1936 was $1,223 per hour; the average number of hours provided for in the union agreements was 38.7 per week. Based on their respective levels in 1929, the average rate of the helpers and laborers was comparatively higher in 1936 than that of the journeymen, the index for the former being 93.4 and for the latter 91.4. The upward movement in average wage rates for helpers and laborers during the last 3 years is even greater than the 1929-36 comparison indicates, as the index for this group dropped to 85.2 in 1933 as compared to 86.9 for journeymen. The 1936 average rate for journeymen was $1,294 per hour and that for helpers and laborers was $0,833. Helpers’ and laborers’ scales of hours averaged about 1 hour a week more than those for journeymen— 39.6 as compared with 38.5. Three percent of the journeymen covered in the 1936 survey had wage rates of less than $1 an hour, while about 31 percent had rates of $1.50 or over. About 2 percent of the helpers and laborers had rates under $0.50 an hour and 16 percent had rates of $1 or over. Alm ost 30 percent of all the building-trades members covered in both years’ studies had wage increases between 1935 and 1936, while less than 1 percent suffered decreases. There were relatively few changes in the scales of hours per week between 1935 and 1936, 1 2 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES about 2 percent of the entire membership being affected by increases and about the same proportion by decreases. Scope and Method of the Study Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades have been collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics each year since 1907. Tbe early studies included 39 cities. The coverage was gradually extended until, in the period from 1934 to date, 70 cities were included in the annual survey. These cities, located in 38 States and the D is trict of Columbia, are: A la b a m a : B ir m in g h a m . M o n t a n a : B u tt e . A r k a n sa s: L it t le R o c k . C a lifo r n ia : L o s A n g e le s, S a n F r a n c is c o . N eb ra sk a: O m aha. C o lo ra d o : D e n v e r. N ew Jersey: N ew ark . C o n n e c t ic u t : N e w H a v e n . N e w Y o r k : B u ffa lo , N e w R o c h e s te r . D is t r i c t o f C o lu m b ia . N e w H a m p s h ir e : M a n c h e s t e r . Y ork C it y , F lo r id a : J a c k s o n v ille . N o r t h C a r o lin a : C h a r lo t te . G e o r g ia : A t la n ta . O h io : C in c in n a ti, C le v e la n d , C o lu m b u s, D a y t o n , T o le d o , Y o u n g s t o w n . I llin o is : C h ic a g o , M o lin e , P e o r ia , R o c k I s la n d . I n d ia n a : I n d ia n a p o lis , S o u th B e n d . I o w a : D a v e n p o r t , D e s M o in e s . K a n s a s : W ic h it a . K e n t u c k y : L o u is v ille . L o u is ia n a : N e w O rlea n s. M a in e : P o r tla n d . M a r y la n d : B a ltim o r e . M a s s a c h u s e tts : B o sto n , S p rin g fie ld , W o r c e s te r . M ic h ig a n : D e t r o it , G r a n d R a p id s . M in n e s o ta : D u lu t h , M in n e a p o lis , S t. P a u l. M is s o u r i: K a n s a s C i t y , S t. L o u is. O k la h o m a : O k la h o m a C it y . O r e g o n : P o r t la n d . P e n n s y lv a n ia : E r ie , P h ila d e lp h ia , P it t s b u r g h , R e a d in g , S c r a n to n , Y o r k . R h o d e I s la n d : P r o v id e n c e . S o u th C a r o lin a : C h a r le s to n . T e n n e s s e e : M e m p h is , N a s h v ille . T e x a s : D a lla s , E l P a s o , H o u s t o n , S an A n t o n io . U t a h : S a lt L a k e C it y . V ir g in ia : N o r fo lk , R ic h m o n d . W a s h in g t o n : S e a ttle , S p o k a n e . W e s t V ir g in ia : C h a r le s to n . W is c o n s in : M a d is o n , M ilw a u k e e . A s far as possible, the rates collected were those actually in force on M a y 15. Interviews were held with 1,265 union representatives and over 2,000 quotations of rates were received. The union m em bership covered by these scales of wages and hours in these 70 cities was approximately 342,000. Definitions.— A union scale is a scale of wages and hours agreed to by an employer (or group of employers) and a labor organization for persons who are actually working or would be working if there were work to be done in that locality. A union scale usually fixes a limit in one direction, that is, a minimum wage rate and maximum hours of work with specific provisions for overtime. The union m ay (1) be either an independent local union or one affiliated with a national or international federation, (2) be an organi- SCOPE AND METHOD OF THE STUDY 3 zation embracing one craft or more than one craft, or (3) have a contract with only one employer or more than one employer. A collective agreement is a mutual arrangement between a union and employer (or group of employers) regarding wages and hours and other working conditions. Collective agreements are usually written and signed by both parties. Sometimes, however, there is merely an oral agreement. The Bureau has included scales in oral agreements only in those cases where there was clear evidence that the rates were actually in effect. Apprentices and foremen.— A young person working in the trade for a definite number of years, for the purpose of learning the trade, and receiving instruction as an element of compensation, is considered an apprentice. Scales for apprentices are not shown. Scales for helpers in a number of trades are given. In some trades the work of helpers is performed at least in part by apprentices. Whenever it was found that helpers’ work was done largely by apprentices, the rates for such helpers were omitted. N o rates are given for strictly supervising foremen or for individuals who are paid unusual rates because of some personal qualification as distinct from the usual trade qualifications. Union rates and actual rates.— As mentioned above, the rates of wages and hours shown in this report were obtained from union busi ness agents, secretaries, and other officials of local unions in the 70 cities visited. Over 60 percent of the rates were taken from written agreements. In m any cases, however, there is only an oral agreement between the union and the employer. Where no written records were on file in the union office, the Bureau representative listed the rates on a schedule which the union official then signed. If the Bureau representative had any reason to doubt the accuracy of these rates, he made further inquiry from persons who might be informed about the situation. I t is believed that the rates listed in this report accurately represent the union scales in force on M a y 15. I t does not necessarily follow, however, that these rates are in all cases the actual wages paid or hours worked. The union scale usually fixes the minimum wages and maximum hours. M ore ex perienced and skilled workers m ay earn more than the union rate. This is especially true during periods of prosperity, when a plentiful supply of jobs creates competitive bidding for the better workmen. In periods of depression, in order to spread or share available work, actual hours worked are sometimes less than those provided in the union agreement. Where such a share-the-work policy was formally adopted by the union and in effect for the majority of the members, the adjusted scale of hours is used in this report rather than the theoretical scale appearing in the written agreement. 111387®—37----- 2 4 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TKADES Union rates and prevailing rates.— I t should be remembered that the rates quoted are for union members and for jobs worked on a unioncontract basis. Union strength varies in the different cities and trades. Where practically all the workers of a particular trade belong to the local union, the union rate quoted is equivalent to the prevail ing rate in the community. If only a few of the craftsmen belong to the union, the union rate m ay not be the actual prevailing rate. N o attempt has been made in this study to discover what proportions of all the workers in each occupation, in each city, are members of their respective unions. Averages.— The averages for each trade given in this report are weighted according to the number of members in the various local unions. Thus the averages reflect not only the specific rates provided for in union agreements but also the number of persons presumably benefiting from these rates. Index numbers.— Index numbers shown in former reports on union scales of wages and hours, were obtained by dividing the average rates for each year by the averages for the base year and multiplying by 100. The averages used in each case were weighted according to the number of members for that year in each local union covered by the reported rates. These weights therefore changed from year to year with changes in membership. Such an index, in which the changing union membership is an important factor, is somewhat misleading. Thus, for instance, if the membership of high-rate unions increases or the membership of low-rate unions decreases, the index will rise even if there is no change in the wage or hour rates of the individual unions. In order to eliminate the influence of such changes in membership, which obscure the real changes in rates of wages and hours, a different method has been used in this revised index. In the present series of index numbers (with the exception noted below), the percent of change from year to year is based on averages computed from identi cal unions that reported for both years. The membership weights in both of the averages used in each year-to-year comparison are those reported for the second year. The index for each year is computed by multiplying the index for the preceding year by the ratio of the averages so obtained. The index numbers for the years 1907 to 1921 had been computed by this method and those published for years since 1929 have been recomputed. It was impossible to make the revision for the period 1921 to 1929 because necessary data were not available in the Bureau’s files. Since the* union-membership changes during these years were relatively slight, it is believed that the margin of error due to lack of revision of these index numbers is not serious. T rend o f U n ion Wage R ates, and H ours, 1907-36 The index of union wage rates in the building trades steadily advanced from 1907 to 1931 with one exception— the year 1922. From 1907 through 1917, the index rose almost uniformly by one to two points each year. W ith rising prices attendant upon our entry into the W orld W ar, the index of wage rates increased almost 11 percent between 1917 and 1918, almost 15 percent in 1919, and 35 percent in 1920. The post-war depression led to a drop of about 6 percent in 1922, but the following year the index rose more than 10 percent. From 1923 the index steadily advanced, until 1931 when the peak was reached— an index of 104.5 based on 1929 as 100. The wage rates declined during the next 2 years, dropping to an index of 86.8 in 1933. Since then there has been a steady rise, reaching an index of 91.6 in 1936. The hours per week provided for in union agreements have steadily decreased since 1907. The rate of decline has been much greater during recent years. The index of hour scales decreased 9 percent during the 22-year period 1907 to 1929, but declined over 10 percent during the 7year period from 1929 to 1936. T able 1.— I n d e x e s o f u n i o n s ca les o f h o u r ly w a g e ra tes a n d w e e k l y h o u r s i n the b u il d i n g tr a d e s , 1 9 0 7 to 1 9 3 6 Index numbers (1929=100.0) Year All building trades Wage rate Hours Journeymen Wage rate Hours Helpers and laborers Wage rate Hours 1907_______ _______ _________________________ 1908___ ______ __________ ___________________ 1909..______________________________________ 1910....................................................................... 1911_______ __________ ____ _________________ 31.5 33.5 35.1 36.5 37.1 110.0 108.3 106.8 105.5 105.1 31.7 33.8 35.5 37.0 37.6 109.3 107.7 106.4 105.2 104.8 30.7 32.1 33.2 34.3 34.5 113.1 110.8 108.5 106.6 106.4 1912.______________ _________________ ____ _ 1913_______ _____________ ____ ______________ 1914......... ............................................................ 1915...______ ___________ ______ _____ _______ 1916......... ........................... .................... ............ 37.9 38.8 39.6 39.9 41.2 104.8 104.6 104.2 104.1 103.7 38.5 39.4 40.3 40.6 42.0 104.5 104.2 103.9 103.8 103.4 34.8 35.8 36.2 36.5 37.7 106.1 106.1 105.5 105.4 105.1 1917........ ........... ................ .......... ............ ........... 1918................ .................... .................................. 1919..................................................................... 1920_____ _______________ ___________________ 1921............................................................ ......... 43.8 48.6 55.7 75.2 76.6 103.5 102.9 102.4 101.9 101.8 44.3 49.0 56.0 74.9 76.3 103.2 102.6 102.2 101.7 101.6 41.4 48.0 55.5 80.5 81.3 104.7 104.3 103.3 102.7 102.7 1922................ ........................... ........................... 1923................ .......... .............................. ............. 1924..................................................................... 1925____ ______ _____ ______ _________________ 1926......... ......... ........... ......... .......... ................... 71.8 79.4 85.7 89.0 94.8 101.8 101.9 101.9 101.9 101.7 71.9 79.2 85.6 88.8 94.7 101.7 101.8 101.8 101.8 101.6 74.0 78.5 84.9 87.7 95.6 102.4 102.6 102.6 102.4 102.2 1927........................ ...... ........................... ......... 1928...... ................................................................. 1929-.......................... .......................................... 1930................ .................... .......... .......... ........... 1931— ........................................ ........................... 98.1 98.7 100.0 104.2 104.5 101.5 100.9 100.0 97.2 96.0 97.9 98.7 100.0 104. 1 104.5 101.4 100.7 100.0 97.1 95.8 97.3 98.3 100.0 105.1 104.5 102.2 102.1 100.0 97.8 97.0 1932........................................................................ 1933........................... ............................ .............. 1934...________ ________________ _______ _____ 1935........... ....................................... ............ 1936................ ............................... .......... .......... 89.3 86.8 87.4 88.4 91.6 94.3 94.0 90.5 89.8 89.8 89.3 86.9 87.4 88.4 91.4 94.1 93.8 90.3 89.7 89.6 89.2 85.2 87.7 88.2 93.4 94.8 94.4 91.4 90.8 91.0 - 5 Changes in U n ion Scales B etw een 1935 and 1936 There was a decided upward movement in union wage rates between 1935 and 1936. Alm ost 30 percent of all the building-trades members covered in both years' studies had wage increases between 1935 and 1936, while less than 1 percent had decreases. The journeyman trades in which large proportions of members were affected by wagerate increases were: Asbestos workers, with 38 percent of the union members receiving increases; carpenters, with 36 percent; painters, with 40 percent; and steam and sprinkler fitters, with 37 percent. Composition roofers had more members (7.1 percent) receiving decreased rates than any other skilled trade. These decreases seemed to be from rates of a dollar an hour to rates of less than a dollar, since the proportion in the higher-wage brackets remained about the same during the 2 years. A greater proportion of helpers and laborers (42.4 percent) than of journeymen (27.6 percent) received wage-rate increases. Table 2 shows the number of wage quotations, the number of changes, and the percent of union membership having increases, decreases, or no change in rate. T able 2.— N u m b e r o f c h a n g es i n u n i o n w a g e -r a te q u o t a ti o n s , a n d p e r c e n t o f m e m b e r s a ffe c ted , M a y 1 6 , 1 9 8 6 , a s c o m p a r e d w ith M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 Trade N um ber of quota tions com parable with 1935 Number of quotations showing— Percent of union mem bers affected— In crease D e crease No change In crease D e crease No change All building trades.................................................... 1,922 362 55 1,505 29.8 0.9 69.3 Journeymen................................................................. Asbestos workers................ ........................... .. Bricklayers..................................... .................. . Carpenters............................................ ............... Cement finishers........................ ..................... . Electricians, inside wiremen_____ _____ Elevator constructors-------------- ----------------Engineers, portable and hoisting............... Glaziers.................. ............................................... Granite cutters........ ........................................... Lathers.................................................................. Marble setters....................... ............................. Mosaic and terrazzo workers___________ Painters............................................. ................... Plasterers...................................................... ....... Plumbers and gas fitters................................. Hoofers, composition........................................ Hoofers, slate and tile...................................... Sheet-metal workers...... ................................... Sign painters.............. .................... ................. . Steam and sprinkler fitters........................... Stonecutters................................... .................... Stonemasons........................................................ Structural-iron w orkers................................. Tile layers................. ........................................... 1, 570 46 70 88 61 76 92 127 50 38 68 60 45 75 66 70 41 31 55 57 84 56 64 90 60 292 18 12 20 11 8 21 20 13 2 14 11 4 15 10 11 13 6 15 12 13 3 9 18 13 41 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 4 2 1 2 4 6 2 1 3 2 6 0 0 0 2 1,237 27 57 67 50 68 71 106 37 34 50 47 40 58 52 53 26 24 37 43 65 53 55 72 45 27.6 37.8 6.9 35.7 21.9 28.1 18.9 10.0 20.8 1.0 22.0 8.0 3.5 39.5 8.1 25.6 18.9 8.7 18.3 18.7 37.2 1.5 10.0 21.7 15.9 .8 .9 .6 .6 0 0 0 .8 0 .7 1.2 .8 .9 .3 3.1 1.3 7.1 3.0 3.5 3.8 1.1 0 0 0 1.6 71.6 61.3 92.5 63.7 78.1 71.9 81.1 89.2 79.2 98.3 76.8 91.2 95.6 60.2 88.8 73.1 74.0 88.3 78.2 77.5 61.7 98.5 90.0 78.3 82.5 Helpers and laborers................................................ Building laborers............................................... Composition roofers’ helpers......................... Elevator constructors’ helpers...................... Hod carriers (masons’ tenders).................... Marble setters’ helpers.................................... Plasterers’ laborers............................................ Plumbers* laborers............................................ 8 team and sprinkler fitters’ helpers............. Tile layers* helpers............................................ 352 68 8 79 52 24 43 9 40 29 70 17 5 20 9 1 6 1 4 7 14 3 0 1 4 1 3 0 1 1 268 48 3 58 39 22 34 8 35 21 42.4 53.6 36.7 17.1 39.4 1.0 38.0 19.5 3.5 13.6 1.6 .9 56.0 45.5 63.3 82.8 59.7 97.5 52.4 80.5 96.1 e 0 .1 .9 1.5 9.6 0 .4 .8 85.6 CHANGES IN UNION SCALES BETWEEN 1935 AND 1936 7 Table 3 indicates that there were relatively few changes in the scales of hours per week between 1935 and 1936. About the same proportion of the entire membership (around 2 percent) was affected by increases and by decreases. The trades m ost affected by increases in scheduled hours were engineers, elevator constructors and their helpers, composition roofers, and building laborers. Trades most affected by decreases in hours were lathers, mosaic and terrazzo workers, plasterers, and plasterers’ helpers. T able 3 . — N u m b e r o f c h a n g e s i n u n i o n h o u r q u o t a ti o n s , a n d p e r c e n t o f m e m b e r s a ffe c te d , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , a s c o m p a r e d w ith M a y 15% 1 9 3 5 Trade Number of quotations N um showing— ber of quotations compar In D e No able with crease crease change 1935 Percent of union mem bers affected In crease D e crease No change All building trades.................................................. 1,922 92 81 1,749 2.6 2.0 95.4 Journeymen. .............................................................. Asbestos workers............................................... Bricklayers......................................................... Carpenters................................ —....................... Cement finishers................................................ Electricians, inside w irem en ....................... Elevator constructors...................................... Engineers, portable and hoisting................. Glaziers................................................................. Granite cutters.......... ........................................ Lathers................................................................. Marble setters. .................................................. Mosaic and terrazzo workers........................ P a in ters.......................................... .................. Plasterers............................................................. Plumbers and gas fitters................................. Roofers, composition........................................ Roofers, slate and tile....................................... Sheet-metal workers......................................... Sign painters....................................................... Steam and sprinkler fitters............................ Stonecutters........................................................ Stonemasons........................................................ Structural-iron workers .................................. Tile layers............. ................. ............................. 1,570 46 70 88 61 76 92 127 50 38 68 60 45 75 66 70 41 31 55 57 84 56 64 90 60 70 1 1 3 3 7 13 7 3 0 3 0 0 2 2 5 3 1 2 2 6 4 0 2 0 65 1 3 5 2 1 3 8 1 4 4 2 3 0 4 3 1 2 3 2 2 0 2 7 2 1,435 44 66 80 56 68 76 112 46 34 61 58 42 73 60 62 37 28 50 53 76 52 62 81 58 1.7 1.3 .6 1.4 2.3 4.3 7.6 8.2 3.5 .0 1.0 .0 .0 .4 2.0 1.4 6.3 3.0 .7 2.1 2.2 1.7 .0 1.1 .0 1.8 .9 .8 1.1 4.7 3.0 1.0 3.7 2.3 3.9 9.9 1.0 6.1 .0 8.9 4.2 .7 1.9 1.3 3.0 .4 .0 .6 1.8 .9 96.5 97.8 98.6 97.5 93.0 92.7 91.4 88.1 94.2 96.1 89.1 99.0 93.9 99.6 89.1 94.4 93.0 95.1 98.0 94.9 97.4 98.3 99.4 97.1 99.1 Helpers and laborers................................................ Building laborers. ............................................ Composition roofers’ helpers......................... Elevator constructors' helpers...................... Hod carriers (masons’ ten d ers)................. Marble setters’ helpers.................................... Plasterers’ laborers............................................ Plumbers' laborers............................................ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers______ Tile layers’ helpers........................................ .. 352 68 8 79 52 24 43 9 40 29 22 6 0 11 1 0 1 0 3 0 16 5 0 3 2 1 3 0 1 1 314 57 8 65 49 23 39 9 36 28 7.5 12.7 .0 5.4 .2 .0 3.4 4.3 .0 1.4 1.3 1.0 .5 7.5 .0 4.7 .0 .5 .5 89.1 83.0 100.0 93.2 98.5 99.0 92.0 100.0 94.8 .0 99.5 Wage R ates and H ours in 1936 Average Union Wage Rates and Hours Certain anomalies enter into a comparison of average rates between 2 years, when such averages reflect not only the actual rates provided for in the agreements but the number of union members for that year in each local union covered by the reported rates. B y and large it would be expected that a general increase in actual rates would be accompanied by an increase in the average rate paid to union members, but if union membership increases most (or decreases least) in the lower-paid crafts or in areas with less-than-average rates, the average of the rates paid to all union members m ay go down. Conversely, the average rate m ay increase in spite of a downward swing in actual rates if union membership declines sufficiently in the lower-paid crafts or in areas where lower-than-average rates are paid. For the trends of actual union rates, the tables of indexes should be consulted (tables 1 and 8). For a measure of the wage and hour status of all union workers engaged in these trades at a particular time, the average rates should be used (table 4 ). Thus the changes in the actual union rates in the building trades in the cities covered (as indicated in table 1) resulted in an average increase of 3.6 percent between 1935 and 1936. On the other hand, the average rate of all union members in the building trades and cities covered increased about 1.6 percent (or $0,019). The average hourly rate for the journeyman trades increased $0,038, and for the helpers and laborers $0,025. (The smaller increase in the average for all trades than in the average for either the journeymen or helpers and laborers is due to the higher rate of increase in membership between 1935 and 1936 in the lower-paid group. The membership increase for laborers and helpers was 48 percent, for journeymen 6 percent.) The portable and hoisting engineers had the highest average rate in 1936 ($1,447), bricklayers the next ($1,411). Although the building laborers received, on the average, the lowest rates in 1936 ($0,795) of any of the building trades, this represents a 7-cent increase over the average prevailing in 1935. Other significant increases in average rates between the two years were: Carpenters $0,073, engineers $0,064, painters $0,053, tile layers’ helpers $0,052, steam fitters $0,043, asbestos workers $0,041, plumbers $0,037, and lathers $0,035. Decreases in average hourly rates between 1935 and 1936 occurred in several trades, particularly those of glaziers, stonemasons, stone cutters, marble setters’ helpers, and steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers. It would appear, however, that most of these decreases in averages were due more to changes in membership than to decreases in actual 8 WAGE R A T E S A N D H O U R S IN 9 1936 wage rates, since these trades showed more wage quotations with in creases than with decreases (see table 2) and the indexes for these trades computed on comparable data show increases (see table 8). T able 4 .— Average union wage rates and hours in building trades in 70 cities, May 15, 1935, and May 15, 1936 A v e r a g e w a g e ra te p e r hour A v era ge h ou rs p er w eek T rad e 1936 1935 1936 1935 A ll b u ild in g t r a d e s ___________________________________________ $1,223 $1.204 3 8 .7 3 8 .7 J o u r n e y m e n _________ ________________________ ________________ A s b e s t o s w o r k e r s _______________ ________________________ __ __ B r ic k la y e r s ________ ____________ __ C a r p e n t e r s ______________________________ _ . _ _ .......... C e m e n t fin is h e r s ___________________________________ ____ E le c t r ic ia n s , in sid e w ir e m e n _________________ _________ E l e v a t o r c o n s t r u c t o r s ................................................................. E n g in e e rs , p o r t a b le a n d h o is t in g __________ ___________ G la z ie r s ................................................. ........................................... G ra n ite c u tte r s _______________________ __________________ L a t h e r s __________________________ _________ _______________ M a r b le s e tte r s __________________ _______________________ M o s a ic a n d te rra z zo w o r k e r s ...................................... .......... P a in t e r s .................................................. ..................... ........ ............. _____ __ P la s te r e r s ................................. ....................... .... P lu m b e r s a n d gas fit t e r s ____ ___________ _______________ R o o fe r s , c o m p o s it i o n ____________________________________ R o o fe r s , sla te a n d t il e ___________ ___________ ___________ S h e e t-m e ta l w o rk e rs _____________ _________ ______________ S ig n p a in te r s __________________________ __________________ S te a m a n d s p r in k le r f i t t e r s . . . ................ .............................. S t o n e c u t t e r s ________________ ___________ _____________ __ S t o n e m a s o n s _____________________________________________ S t r u c t u r a l-ir o n w o r k e r s ______________ __________ . . . T i l e la y e r s _____________________________ _____ ___________ 1. 294 1.270 1.411 1. 233 1.247 1. 359 1.318 1.447 1.271 1.143 1.378 1.392 1. 237 1.247 1.385 1. 352 1.183 1.332 1. 206 1.391 1.351 1.255 1.318 1.323 1.300 1.256 1.229 1.409 1.160 1.241 1.335 1.312 1.383 1.304 1.149 1.343 1.388 1.250 1.194 1.385 1.315 1.187 1.347 1.218 1.395 1.308 1.298 1.380 1.308 1.317 38 .5 3 9 .9 39.4 39.8 39.8 3 5 .8 40.4 4 0 .2 3 8 .6 40.1 37.4 39 .9 3 9 .6 35. 3 3 7 .2 3 9 .8 40.1 3 9 .9 39.8 39 .2 39.7 40.1 3 9 .8 3 9 .6 38.0 3 8 .6 39.8 39 .4 39 .8 39 .9 3 6 .5 40.1 40 .4 3 8 .4 4 0 .3 37.4 39 .9 39 .9 35.4 37.7 40.1 3 9 .9 3 9 .9 39.8 39.1 39.6 4 0 .2 39 .9 39 .7 37 .9 H e lp e r s a n d la b o r e r s i B u ild in g la b o r e r s ........... ..................... ................................ ........ H o d ca rriers (m a s o n s ’ t e n d e r s ) ............................... ............. P la s te r e r s ’ la b o r e r s ______________________________________ E l e v a t o r c o n s t r u c t o r s ’ h e lp e r s ................... ..................... .. M a r b le se tte rs ’ h e lp e r s _________________________________ S tea m a n d s p r in k le r fit t e r s ’ h e lp e r s _________________ T i l e la y e r s ’ h e lp e r s ____________ _________ ________________ .833 .795 .840 .930 .971 .893 .8 8 9 .9 1 5 .8 0 8 .725 .830 .9 3 7 .9 5 9 .9 5 0 .921 .8 6 3 3 9 .6 39.9 39.8 37 .8 4 0 .3 40 .0 39 .9 37.0 3 9 .5 39.8 39.8 38.7 40 .1 40 .0 3 9 .8 3 4 .9 * Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. Distribution of Members by Wage Rates and Hours Table 5 indicates that in 1936, 3 percent of the journeymen had rates of less than $1 an hour and about 31 percent had rates of $1.50 and over. In 1935 almost 5 percent had rates of less than $1 and only 18 percent had rates of $1.50 and over. In 1935 the largest group of journeymen (28.5 percent) had rates from $1.25 to $1,375, while in 1936 the largest group (27.4 percent) had rates from $1.50 to $1,625. In 1936 only about 2 percent of the laborers and helpers had rates under $0.50 an hour, while in 1935 almost 4% percent had such rates. In 1936 over half (51.9 percent) of the laborers and helpers had rates from $0,875 to $1,125; in 1935 almost the same proportion (49.1 percent) had rates in the lower brackets, that is, from $0,625 to $0,875. 10 U N IO N T a b l e 5 .— SC A LE S IN B U IL D IN G T R A D E S Distribution of members by hourly wage rates, 1985 and 1986 Jou rn eym en L a b o r e r s a n d h e lp e r s C la s s ifie d h o u r l y ra te 1936 1935 .... 289, 269 271, 704 52, 637 3 5 ,656 A v e r a g e w a g e r a t e p e r h o u r ________________________________ $1. 294 $1. 256 $0.833 $ 0 ,8 0 8 2 .1 1 1 .0 1 6 .7 16.1 3 8 .2 13.7 1 .0 1 .2 8 .6 2 3 .4 2 5 .7 1 9 .2 15.6 3 .1 N u m b e r n f im i o n m e m b e r s c o v e r e d . ______ __ ,, P e r c e n t o f u n io n m e m b e r s w h o s e h o u r ly w a g e rates w ere— U n d e r $0.50.................................. ............ .................................... .. $0.50 a n d u n d e r $0.625................................................................ $0,625 a n d u n d e r $0.75__________________________________ $0.75 a n d u n d e r $0.875___________________________________ $0,875 a n d u n d e r $1______________________________________ $1 a n d u n d e r $1.125______________________________________ $1,125 a n d u n d e r $1.25___________________________________ $1.25 a n d u n d e r $1.375___________________________________ $1,375 a n d u n d e r $1.50______________ ___________________ $1.50 a n d u n d e r $1.625__________________________________ $1,625 a n d u n d e r $1.75........................................ ..................... .. $1.75 a n d o v e r _____________________________________ _______ 1936 0) 0 .1 1 .3 1 .6 17 .3 14.5 2 0 .7 13.4 2 7 .4 2 .6 1.1 0 .1 1 .5 3 .0 2 0 .2 14.4 2 8 .5 14.3 16.1 .9 1 .0 1935 4.4 i L ess th a n M o o f 1 p ercen t. There was very little change between 1935 and 1936 in the weekly hours provided for in union agreements. In both years almost 80 percent of the union membership worked under agreements setting a 40-hour week. me me Average hours per week_____________________________ 38. 7 38. 7 Percent of members whose hours were — Under 30_______________________________________ 1. 6 1. 3 30_________________________________________ — 7.3 7.0 35_______________________________________________ 8. 6 9. 7 40______________________________________________ 79. 2 78. 5 44_______________________________________________ 3. 0 a 4 48______________________________________________ .3 . 1 In 5 of the 24 journeyman trades, approximately one-balf or more of the union members had rates of $1.50 or more; these 5 were the bricklayers (63.5 percent), engineers (49.4 percent), marble setters (55.2 percent), plasterers (54 percent), and slate and tile roofers (51.9 percent). Of all the trades, portable and hoisting engineers had the largest proportion of members (17.6 percent) with rates of $1.75 and over. Rates of less than $1 were most prevalent among the glaziers (8.1 percent of the members), composition roofers (23.8 percent), and stonecutters (8.4 percent). About 38 percent of the union helpers and laborers had rates of from $0,875 to $1 per hour, and nearly 16 percent rates of $1 or over. Approximately one-lialf or more of the members had rates of $1 or more in 4 of these trades—plasterers' helpers (52.2 percent), elevator constructors' helpers (57.7 percent), steam and sprinkler fitters' helpers (49.3 percent), and tile layers' helpers (55.5 percent). Of all the trades the building laborers had the largest proportion of members (40.1 percent) with rates of less than $0.75. The distribution of union membership by wage rates is shown in table 6. WAGE RATES AND HOURS IN 1936 111387*—37------3 12 U N IO N T a b l e 6 . — Distribution SC A L E S IN B U IL D IN G T R A D E S of members in each building trade by hourly wage ratesf May 15, 1936 P e r c e n t o f u n io n m e m b e r s w h o s e ra te s ( in c e n ts ) p e r h o u r w e re — A v er age ra te U n per der hour 50 T rade A l l b u i l d in g t r a d e s ........................... $1.223 J o u r n e y m e n — --------------------------A s b e s t o s w o r k e r s ____________ Bricklayers C a r p e n t e r s ___________________ C e m e n t fin is h e r s ____________ E le c t r ic ia n s , in s id e w ir e m e n . E le v a t o r c o n s t r u c t o r s ______ E n g in e e r s , p o r t a b le a n d h o i s t i n g s . .................................. G la z ie r s — ------------------------------- Granite cntters__ - Lat-her# M a r b l e s e t t e r s ............................ M o s a i c a n d t e r ra z zo w o rk e rs . P a in t e r s ______________________ P la s t e r e r s .............. ........................ P lu m b e r s a n d g as fit t e r s ____ R o o fe r s , c o m p o s it i o n .............. R o o fe r s , s la te a n d t i l e ............ S h e e t -m e t a l w o r k e r s ________ S ig n p a in t e r s ______ __________ S t e a m a n d s p r in k le r fit t e r s . S t o n e c u t t e r s _________________ S t o n e m a s o n s ________________ S t r u c t u r a l-ir o n w o r k e r s ------T i l a layers _ _ H e lp e r s a n d la b o r e r s * ..................... B u ild in g l a b o r e r s ____________ H o d ca rriers (m a s o n s ’ t e n d ers) _________________________ P la s te r e r s ’ la b o r e r s __________ E le v a to r c o n s tr u c to r s ’ h e lp e r s ........................................ M a r b l e s e tte rs ’ h e lp e r s .......... S te a m a n d s p r in k le r fit t e r s ’ h e lp e r s ______________________ T i l e la y e r s ’ h e lp e r s _________ 0 .3 1. 294 1.270 1.411 1.233 1. 247 1.359 1.318 50 and un der 62H 1 .7 0) 0) 62H and un der 75 87^ and un der 100 100 H 2 H 125 137H 150 1 6 2 ^ and and and and and and 175 un un un un un un and der der der der der der ov er H 2 H 125 137H 150 162M 175 2 .6 3 .6 7 .2 1 6 .7 12 .5 1 7 .7 11.3 2 3 .3 2 .2 0 .9 .1 1 .3 1 .6 17.3 1 5 .8 3 .3 2 4 .0 24.1 19.1 8 .1 14.5 2 0 .7 4 .1 2 1 .6 1 4 .0 7 .4 1 6 .6 2 0 .7 2 4 .6 23.1 1 4 .8 2 0 .4 1 9 .2 3 3 .3 13 .4 2 2 .6 6 .0 18.7 3 5 .6 6 .7 3 4 .7 27 .4 16.3 62. 7 1 7 .4 4 .8 2 4 .6 5 .0 2 .6 1 .1 .1 .7 7 .0 27 .4 4 6 .5 5 .7 6 .5 18 .0 2 1 .4 6 .2 8 .4 1 1 .7 2 1 .5 3 0 .0 13 .0 4 .1 2 0 .6 17.9 8 .3 19.1 8 .7 2 5 .7 12 .5 7 .6 3 .8 4 4 .1 7 .6 2 8 .8 5 .9 14 .3 2 7 .4 2 3 .6 1 1 .5 3 0 .8 7 .1 2 0 .7 18.1 17.6 8 .0 3 8 .0 17.3 2 .7 14.3 2 0 .0 8 .8 32 .1 2 2 .4 10.9 7 .3 1 9 .0 8 .0 2 5 .0 2 3 .2 14 .0 9 .8 17.5 8 .3 1 6 .0 3 .5 1 7 .0 18.1 3 0 .4 1 .0 1 2 .0 9 .9 2 .8 5 .1 2 9 .4 6 .1 2 8 .8 12.1 12.3 24 .5 4 2 .3 2 4 .3 7 .8 2 .1 3 1 .2 5 5 .1 .1 2 9 .6 5 3 .9 4 5 .6 13.5 5 1 .9 2 .9 2 6 .2 3 3 .6 3 2 .3 3 6 .7 1 0 .6 11.3 .1 ____ 1.447 1.271 _____ 1 .9 1.143 1.378 .2 1.392 1.237 1. 247 0) 1. 385 1.352 1.183 ” "."3 1.332 1.206 1. 391 1. 351 1.255 .5 1.318 1. 323 0) 1.300 75 and un der 87H ’ .6 1 .6 .5 1 .0 1 .8 .3 .8 .7 .5 4 .2 .4 1 .4 0) .1 1 .8 .2 12.8 .3 .5 3 .8 .9 1 .2 .1 7 .3 .1 10.7 1 .5 2 .5 .2 (0 .6 2 .5 1 .4 .8 3 3 .7 9 5 2 .1 3. 7 11.0 15.0 16.7 21.4 16.1 13.6 3 8 .2 39 .8 13 .7 4 .5 1 .0 .3 .1 9 .3 3 .5 11.3 8 .4 15 5 19.9 61.7 16.0 2 .1 4 9 .2 0) 1 .3 26.1 55.3 7 .3 11.4 2 .5 9. 2 .1 .1 .1 2 .2 12.4 .1 .3 .1 8 .1 (l) 7 .4 2 .4 3 4 .4 17.1 30.1 17 .6 2 .7 14.5 3 7 .9 7 .5 2 0 .6 1 .2 1 .7 .8 4 0 .9 3 0 .3 2 1 .2 1 .6 4 9 .3 5 5 .5 .971 .8 9 3 .5 1 .8 1 .7 18.1 .8 8 9 .9 1 5 .1 1 .0 4.1 3 .0 18.0 7 .9 1 L e ss t h a n H o o f 1 p e r c e n t . * I n c lu d e s a lso p lu m b e r s ’ la b o r e r s ' a n d c o m p o s it io n r o o fe r s ’ h e lp e rs , n o t s h o w n s e p a r a t e ly b e c a u s e o f th e s m a ll n u m b e r o f q u o t a t io n s o b t a in e d for t h e s e tra d es. Almost 80 percent of all the union members had agreements pro viding for the 40-hour week. A greater proportion of the journeymen than of the helpers and laborers had a week shorter than 40 hours, i. e., almost 20 percent as compared to 5 percent. Engineers had a larger proportion of their membership (8 percent) covered by the 48-hour provision than any other trade. The plumbers and gas fitters (16 percent) and elevator constructors (11.4 percent) had the largest proportion of members with 44-hour agreements. More painters (30.1 percent) than any other craft had a 30-hour week, the plasterers and their helpers being next with slightly over 20 percent of their members. The distribution of union membership by hours is shown in table 7, 13 WAGE RATES AND HOURS IN 1936 T able 7 .-— Distribution of members, in each building tradef by hour scales, May 15, 1936 P e r c e n t o f u n io n m e m b e r s w h o s e h o u r s p e r w e e k w e re — T rade A ver age h ou rs per w eek U n d er 30 30 O ver 30 and under 35 35 O ver 35 and u nder 40 40 14 4 3 8 .7 1 .6 7 .3 ( 3) 8 .6 (3) 7 9 .2 3 .0 38 .5 3 9 .9 3 9 .4 3 9 .8 C e m e n t fin is h e r s _____________________________ 3 9 .8 E le c t r ic ia n s , in s id e w ir e m e n ________________ 35. 8 E le v a t o r c o n s t r u c t o r s ________________________ 4 0 .4 4 0 .2 E n g in e e rs , p o r t a b le a n d h o is t in g .................. 3 8 .6 C lflzia rs ._ ....... G r a n it e c u t t e r s ___ _ ____ - _________ - _____ ____ 40.1 Lftt.hers ............ ........ 37.4 Marble setters_____________________________ 3 9 .9 Mosaic and te r ra z zo w o r k e r s ..... . 3 9 .6 Painters____________________________________ 35. 3 Plasterers_______________ ____„______________ 3 7 .2 Plumbers and gas fitters___________________ 39. 8 Roofers, composition........ ......... ....................... 40 .1 Roofers, slate and tile______________________ 39 .9 Sheet-metal workers_______________________ 39. 8 Sign painters_______________________________ 39. 2 Steam and sprinkler fitters______________ 39. 7 Stonecutters________________________________ 40 .1 Stonemasons_______________________________ 3 9 .8 Ptrnetni*al-ir<vp w o r k e r s . ___ ____ _ ...... 3 9 .6 T i l e la y e r s . . . ___ 3 8 .0 1 .8 8 .2 (3) (3) 2 .8 1 .5 1 .6 1.7 7 .3 9 .8 2 .2 1.1 2 .6 4 .6 21.5 .4 1 .2 2 4 .7 1 .7 9 .3 .8 1.1 3 3 .9 1.4 4. 6 .7 1.3 1 .2 15.9 3. 2 .8 1 .0 1 .3 77.1 9 6 .5 93 .9 9 3 .7 89 .5 4 9 .8 88. 2 8 1 .4 72.3 9 2 .8 69 .7 98 .3 9 0 .8 3 5 .8 73.4 7 4 .5 9 2 .7 9 8 .7 9 7 .3 7 7 .0 9 4 .0 9 5 .9 97. 8 8 9 .8 8 6 .7 2 .8 1 .3 .1 2 .1 4 .2 7 .5 11.4 4 .2 9 0 .5 8 9 .9 9 6 .6 7 7 .2 9 2 .5 99 .1 9 7 .0 8 0 .7 2 48 4 .2 6 .9 A l l b u ild in g t r a d e s ........................................................... J o u r n e y m e n .......................................................................... A s b e s t o s w o r k e r s ___ _________________________ H e lp e r s a n d la b o r e r s 4 R r iild in g la b o r e r s _ . . . .............. H o d ca rriers (m a s o n s ’ te n d e r s ) p la s t e r e r s ’ la b o r e r s ........... ......... . E le v a t o r c o n s t r u c t o r s ’ h e lp e r s . 3 9 .6 3 9 .9 39. 8 3 7 .8 4 0 .3 Marble setters’ helpers____________________ 39 .9 3 7 .0 .4 5 .2 2 .1 2 .3 4 .0 2 .8 18. 2 .8 1.5 30.1 21. 2 1.9 1.1 .3 1 .4 1 .9 1. 5 11.3 1 .2 4 .7 1 .2 .8 2 .4 .8 1 .4 2 0 .4 4 .0 .7 2 .1 2 .4 1. 8 2 .4 .2 40.0 ft te a m a n d s p r in k le r fitte r s ’ h e lp e r s _ _ T i l e la y e r s ’ h elp ers _ 13.5 .5 18.8 .1 .9 1 .7 .5 (3) .2 .l 0 .3 .3 .6 (3) 8 .0 .9 5 .5 .5 .1 2 .6 .2 (3) 16.0 5 .5 .1 5 .2 .9 3 .3 (3) 4.2 .1 .2 7 .3 .7 * There were no members with hours over 40 and under 44. * There were no members with hours over 44 and under 48. 8 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 4 Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. Provisions in U nion Agreem ents1 Hours Per Day and Days Per Week In none of the union agreements of the building trades in the 70 cities covered by this study were the hours in excess of 8 in any 1 day. Shorter workdays occurred in 23 of the cities, the largest proportion being in cities west of the Mississippi River. Nearly all of the build ing-trades workers in Denver had agreements providing for a 7-hour day, and in Seattle, for a 6-hour day. In Butte about half of the trades had the 6-hour day. The shorter workdays were about evenly divided between a 6hour and 7-hour maximum. The union agreements of the painters, lathers, and plasterers provided for less than 8 hours a day in 12 of the 70 cities; those of plasterers’ helpers and electricians in 10 cities; and those of carpenters in 7 cities. In other trades short workdays were less common, and there seemed to be no marked tendency toward either the 6- or 7-hour workday. Working days per week in the building trades are usually limited to 5, though variations are more frequent than in the case of hours per day. There are still a few instances of working days restricted to 3 or 4 per week— a continuance from the depression when hours were drastically cut in order to spread work. M o st of the variations of the 5-day rule, however, provide for a 5%- or 6-day week, with the latter predominating. M o st of the longer work weeks occur in southern cities. Although the 5-day week prevails in all of the 70 cities, in only 18 cities were there no trades with the 5K- or 6-day week. The working week of elevator constructors exceeded 5 days in 25 cities, that of engineers in 11 cities, electricians in 9 cities, and car penters and sign painters in 8 cities each. A longer workweek for elevator constructors, which usually was on maintenance work, was about evenly divided between the 5}£- and 6-day week, engineers and sign painters had a 6-day week in seven cities, electricians in six, and carpenters in but two. Overtime Pay and Restrictions on Overtime W ork Overtime work in the building trades is almost invariably com pensated at a higher rate than the regular pay. Occasionally as little as time and a third or as much as 2% times the regular rate is paid, but the usual overtime rates are time and a half or double time. 1 In addition to wage and hour scales described above. 14 O V E R T IM E PAY AND R E S T R IC T IO N S ON O V E R T IM E WORK 15 In several trades a given rate decidedly predominates. The double-time rate is characteristic of the agreements of elevator con structors, lathers, structural-iron workers, steam fitters’ helpers, and, to a lesser extent, sheet-metal workers. The double-time rate is approximately twice as frequent as the time-and-a-half rate in the agreements of carpenters, bricklayers, plasterers, stonemasons, and steam fitters. The tim e-and-a-half rate prevails for painters, sign painters, and stonecutters, and is about twice as common as the double-time rate in the agreements of granite cutters, tile layers’ helpers, slate and tile roofers, composition roofers, and glaziers. M a n y restrictions, in addition to the penalty rate, are placed upon overtime work. Such restrictions are most common in agreements of granite cutters, sheet-metal workers, the painters’ group, and the trowel crafts. Overtime is quite frequently prohibited altogether under certain conditions, as, for example, while any member of the union is unemployed; or is restricted to cases of emergency or necessity such as when life and property are endangered. The latter is the rule for granite cutters and sheet-metal workers. An extreme ex ample of this type of provision is the requirement of glaziers in M il waukee that the contractor must pay the union a $50 permit fee for overtime, except for overtime on contract work or in cases when life or property is endangered. Overtime is sometimes prohibited when more than one shift is worldng. Frequently permission for overtime work must be secured from union representatives or, in a few cases, from a joint board. Unions which are attempting to change from a 5%- or 6 - to a 5-day week often secure agreements placing a higher penalty on Saturday overtime or prohibit such work entirely. Where the usual penalty rate is time and a half, double time is sometimes required after a given hour. M idnight is the most fre quent hour for such a change in rates, although earlier hours are sometimes set. In some cases a higher rate applies after a specified number of hours of consecutive overtime work, usually after 4 hours of overtime but sometimes after a shorter period. In one agreement the higher rate applied after 3 hours of overtime work in any 1 week. Regulation* of overtime sometimes takes the form of setting a daily maximum of extra time for any worker; in the agreements in force in M a y 1936 the maximum varied from 2 to 6 hours a day. In other cases no daily maximum is set, but overtime is prohibited after a given number of hours of work in a week or month. Only rarely are the overtime regulations relaxed during the busy season. In one case the agreement provided that a permit from the union could be secured for overtime work at regular pay, and in a few cases the union representative could permit 1 hour a day of overtime work at straight pay during the busy season. 16 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES W ork on Sundays and Holidays Although work on Sundays is occasionally prohibited or limited to cases of real emergency, the usual practice in the building trades is to pay for Sunday work at double rates. Since time and a half is quite often paid for overtime work during the week, it is apparent that Sunday work in these cases is penalized by the requirement of a higher rate. Exceptions to the double-time Sunday rate were negligible for journeymen in the trowel crafts and for structural-iron workers, steam fitters' helpers, lathers, and elevator constructors. Less than double time was paid in about 25 percent of the cases in the painting trades, in about 20 percent of the agreements for asbestos workers, and in 12 to 16 percent of the agreements for hod carriers, electricians, plasterers, carpenters, building laborers, granite cutters, stonecutters, and trowel crafts helpers. Holiday work is somewhat more strictly regulated than Sunday work. Exceptions to the double-time rate are less frequently allowed and holiday work is more frequently prohibited or limited to emer gencies for which a permit must be secured. Labor D a y is usually protected as a holiday by stringent regulations of this kind. The asbestos workers are alone, however, in requiring triple pay for work done on Labor D a y . The number of holidays ranged from 3 to 11, but more than half the agreements contained provisions covering 6 holidays— New Year's D a y , Memorial D a y , Fourth of July, Labor D a y , Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Armistice D a y was covered in 57 agreements, making it only about one-sixth as frequent as the 6 holidays named above. W ashington's Birthday was named as a holiday in 47 cases, Election D a y and Columbus D a y in 28 cases, and Lincoln's Birthday in 17 cases. Ten other holidays were provided in certain agreements, most of these being State holidays such as Admission D a y in California, and San Jacinto D a y in Texas. The agreements for New Y ork City and Boston had the most holidays. Workers in the building trades are not often paid for time off on holidays. Extra Pay for Special Contingencies Various extra rates are sometimes set to cover special conditions not governed by the regular, overtime, or holiday rates. The most common type of extra pay is that provided when workers are called, but not put to work. The minimum “ c a ll" pay is usually 2 hours' pay at regular rates, though 1, 3, or 4 horns' pay is sometimes speci fied. W hen weather or other conditions beyond the employer's control are responsible, this penalty is sometimes not exacted. In some cases when work is begun but does not continue through the EMPLOYMENT OF D IS A B L E D AND OLDER W ORKERS 17 entire working day, a minimum amount must be paid— usually half a day’s pay, sometimes a full day’s pay. In some agreements when less than a full day is worked, actual working time must be paid for at double the usual rate. W aiting on the job for materials or for work is usually compensated at regular rates. Tim e spent waiting for pay, which in m ost cases is paid to men on the job on a designated day of the week, is usually paid at straight time, although sometimes this applies only in cases of lay-off or discharge. Less frequently, workers are paid time and a half or double time until wages are received. A time limit is usually set on the amount of delay permissible; after that time the men must stop work until the wages are paid, and such a stoppage is not considered a violation of the agreement. I f the men are required to go to the main office for their wages, 1 hour’s pay and carfare are often given. M en on second or third shifts are frequently given an hour’s bonus. The minimum “ call” pay and minimum starting pay for night-shift workers is usually double that given on the regular shift. An extra amount is also given in some cases for unsheltered or unusually dangerous work. Painters, for example, receive extra pay for work above a certain height from the street and for using the spray machine. Engineers are usually given an extra amount for raising steam before regular working hours begin. Employment of Disabled and Older Workers Partially disabled and older workers are permitted to work for less than the regular scale of wages. In order to protect the union scale, however, the conditions surrounding lower-paid work are usu ally regulated by the union. In some cases a lower rate is specified in the agreement or in working rules; more frequently the union, through its representatives, assumes responsibility for negotiating a rate for each case. In a few instances the rate is left to the determi nation of the employer and the individual worker. M o st agreements provide that a permit to work at a lower rate must be obtained from the union for each individual and, in the case of older workers, shall apply only to those beyond a definite age limit, usually 60 years of age. Occasionally such permits are restricted to persons who have had a required number of years’ membership in the union. In some cases handicapped workers are permitted to work only at odd jobs or as helpers. Very rarely has there been any effort to provide work for the older members. A novel requirement is that of the Painters’ District Council N o . 9 in New Y ork City, which provided that if 10 to 20 journeymen are employed, at least one must be 55 years of age or 18 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES over. I f 20 or more journeymen are on a job, at least two must be of that age. W ork Done by O ut-of-T ow n Contractors Since working conditions and wage rates in a community are affected by the standards of incoming contractors who bring in their own men, regulation of this type of work is of great importance to union members. W orking for out-of-town contractors is prohibited in some cases, but more frequently it is discouraged by a requirement that local contractors must be given preference by the union. In some cases only foremen m ay be imported; in others all imported men must transfer to the local union which has jurisdiction. If the union with jurisdiction is unable to supply all the workers needed, however, outside workers m ay be brought in. In one case the local union concerned must first grant a permit for the importations. In many cases regulation takes the form of requiring at least 50 percent of the workers on a job to be local men. The wage rate at which outside men m ay work is also regulated in the union agreements. In over 60 percent of the cases studied, jobs performed within the jurisdiction of a local union must be paid at the rates of that union. In about 35 percent of the cases the workers receive whichever rate is higher, their own home rate or the rate prevailing where the job is performed. In only a few cases were men permitted to work at their home rate regardless of its relation to the prevailing rates where the job was done. Members Accepting O ut-of-T ow n Jobs From the workers’ standpoint, the chief problem in connection with out-of-town work is the added expense for transportation, room and board, and time lost while traveling to the job. Hence, the union agreements usually set minimum amounts to compensate workers for such expenses. Out-of-town work for local contractors is less frequently discouraged than work for incoming employers. In two cases, however, members were prohibited from accepting out-of-town w ork; in another the union in the city where the job was located must consent. In four cases workers could be sent out only if there was a shortage of men where the job was to be done. Frequently the agreements require all men going out of town to transfer to the local having jurisdiction. This sometimes applies only to jobs of longer than a m onth’s duration. About half of the agreements provide that men going to out-of-town work shall receive whichever rate is higher— their home rate or the prevailing rate where the job is done. In a third of the agreements they are to receive their home rate, while in the remaining cases they S H A K IN G OF WORK 19 are to be paid the rate of the local union having jurisdiction over the job. Since the former involve chiefly men going out of large cities where rates are above the level of nearby cities, and the latter largely men going from smaller towns to nearby cities where rates are higher, it can be said that men going out of town are usually paid whichever rate is higher. Sharing o f W o r k Two chief methods of sharing work are followed: Unemployment rosters m ay be set up by the union and jobs assigned to each worker in turn, or the work available at any one time m ay be divided equally among the union members. Although the operation of an unemploy ment roster is relatively simple, there are m any variations in the proc ess of sharing work already existing. In one city the carpenters divide the available work into 4-hour shifts, but a more common procedure is for the days or hours per week to be drastically reduced. In other cases alternate weeks are worked. Some agreements provide that such reductions in the regular working schedule shall be put into effect automatically whenever a given proportion of union members are out of work. Apprentices The regulation of apprentices is important both to employers and to employees. Employers wish to be assured of an ample labor supply. Employees, on the other hand, seek to protect their job opportunities and wages by controlling the number of apprentices. During times of severe unemployment employers and unions m ay agree that no new apprentices shall be taken on until employment opportunities are more numerous. Such prohibitions were in force in a few cases covered by this study. Every union regulating apprentices specifies the maximum propor tion that these shall form of the total working force. This proportion is usually given as the ratio of apprentices to journeymen, but in addition a maximum is frequently set on the number of apprentices permitted to work on one job. One apprentice to three journeymen and one to five journeymen are the most common ratios, though instances were found with ratios as high as one apprentice for every journeyman and as low as 1 to 15 journeymen. In some cases the agreement limits the number of apprentices to one or two to each job or shop. The minimum age for apprentices varied from 15 to 18 years. The maximum age was not more than 23 years, except in one case where 30 years was the upper limit. Sons of journeymen are usually given preference in applying for apprenticeships. Generally, apprentices must join the union either as soon as accepted or within a specified period after acceptance. W hen a probation period is estab11 1 3 8 7°— 37------ 4 20 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES lished, apprentices are generally not required to join until the proba tion period has elapsed. The term of apprenticeship sometimes varies within a trade. Carpenters, asbestos workers, stonecutters, and sheet-metal workers, however, have a uniform 4-year term ; granite cutters a 3-year term ; and marble, stone, and slate workers a 1-year term. A n apprenticeship term as long as 5 years was specified only for plumbers and painters, and then in a minority of the cases; 3 years is the m ost frequent term for these trades. The entrance wage rate for apprentices is, of course, proportionately lower for trades which have the longer terms. In most cases appren tices start at about one-third the journeymen’s rate, with specified increases every 6 months or a year. In a few cases with 1-year apprenticeship terms, the starting rate was as high as 75 percent of the journeymen’s rate. W hen the term is long, starting rates are as low as one-fifth the journeymen’s scale. The machinery for regulating apprenticeship usually rests with the local union. In some cases, however, detailed regulation of the apprentice system is left to a joint board or committee. The sheetmetal workers secure uniformity throughout the trade through their standard agreement. In some trades, as for instance the bricklayers, minimum standards are set in the constitution of the international union. W hen State laws regulate apprenticeship (as in Wisconsin) uniform requirements are, of course, imposed throughout the various trades in the State. Temporary Workers Because the closed union shop is the rule in the building trades, some provision m ust be made in case the union is unable to furnish all the workers required. Employers are usually permitted to hire from any source in such circumstances, although a reasonable time must be given the union in which to supply the men needed. Occasionally a period considered “ reasonable” is specified, usually 48 hours, though the time m ay vary from 1 to 3 days. In many cases temporary nonunion help m ay start work only if granted a permit card by the union; in others such persons m ay be employed only until union men are available, and in one case for only a day at a time. Occasionally such temporary workers must be discharged within 48 hours after the union’s notification that it is able to furnish the required workers. In two cases they need not be discharged until the job is completed. Another common type of regu lation is the requirement that such new men must join the union at once or within a short period after being taken on, usually 1 day. However, because such a provision has the effect of increasing the available supply of union workers, some local unions refuse to accept OTHER P R O V IS I O N S 21 such temporary help into the union. In many cases the union reserves the right to reject or accept such applicants; in others they are accepted only after having worked for a period of from 15 days to 3 months, thus proving the need for additions to the local labor supply. Other Provisions Piece work and subcontracting are usually forbidden to union mem bers. In rare cases union members are permitted to do subcontracting, but only if they do not work as journeymen for the following year or if they have at least 5 years’ membership in the union. Employers in many cases are required to give work only to subcontractors who observe union conditions. There are numerous provisions relating to the amount of output and use of machinery. M a n y agreements embody a condemnation of restriction of output in any form. In a few, however, standard minimum production levels are set which m ay, in effect, become maxima. In the agreements of some trades, such as those of painters, are found provisions which limit the size of the brush or limit the kind of work on which spray machines m ay be used. In general, however, restrictive provisions are not found in building-trades agreements or working rules. Although in most cases the workers reserve the right not to work with nonunion men, in only a few cases did the agreements stipulate that materials must be union-made. A few agreements carried a prohibition against the use of prison-made materials. Trend of U nion Wage Rates and Hours in Each Building Trade Indexes for each building trade from 1907 to 1936 are shown in table 8. Only one trade had a higher wage-rate index in 1936 than in 1929— the portable and hoisting engineers with an index of 104.2. The journeyman trades with a 1936 wage-scale index less than 5 points lower than the 1929 index were: Cement finishers (95.1), electricians (96.9), glaziers (95.5), lathers (95.5), plumbers and gas fitters (95.2), composition roofers (96.2), structural-iron workers (95.6). Journeyman trades whose wage-scale indexes were lowest as compared to their respective 1929 indexes were: Bricklayers (84.7), plasterers (86.1), sign painters (87.6), stonecutters (85.3), stonemasons (85.2). Of the helpers' and laborers' group, the building laborers' wage scales showed the greatest increase since 1933, the index in 1936 being 96.2. Tile layers' helpers were next with a 1936 index of 95.9. Plasterers' laborers and elevator constructors' helpers showed the least improvement since 1929, their wage-scale indexes in 1936 being 88.2 and 89.5, respectively. 22 TREND T able OF W AGE RATES AND H O U RS, 23 B t TRADES 8.'— Indexes of union scales of wages and hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1936 [1929=100] Asbestos workers Bricklayers Carpenters Cement finishers Year Electricians (inside wiremen) Wage Hours Wage Wage Wage Hours Wage rate rate Hours rate Hours rate rate Hours Elevator constructors Wage rate Hours 1907.................. 1908 ................ 1909.................. 1910.................. 1911 ............... 37.9 38.9 39.7 40.4 40.4 112.0 109.6 107.3 105.3 104.9 32.0 34.0 35.9 37.6 38.1 107.2 105.6 104.4 103.1 102.6 38.5 38.4 39.6 40.0 41.5 109.1 108.1 108.9 108.7 107.7 31.3 34.2 35.3 36.3 36.7 110.3 109.5 108.8 108.2 108.0 1Q19 104.9 104.7 104.2 104.1 103.9 38.9 39.5 40.1 40.6 41.8 102.5 102.4 102.0 102.0 102.0 41.5 42.5 42.9 43.3 43.7 107.7 106.5 105.8 105.8 104.2 37.1 37.9 39.1 39.9 40.7 107.6 107.2 106.8 106.2 105.3 41.8 42.1 43.1 102.7 102.2 102.1 1915.................. 1916.................. 40.0 103.0 41.0 41.7 42.8 42.9 43.3 1917.................. 1918.................. 1919.................. 1920................. 1921.................. 42.1 47.1 57.3 74.5 75.5 102.6 102.0 101.0 100.9 101.1 44.8 48.1 53.4 72.8 72.3 103.6 103.6 103.4 103.3 103.3 45.5 50.5 58.2 77.8 78.4 102.0 100.9 100.3 100.4 100.3 46.2 51.0 57.2 77.7 80.3 103.0 102.5 101.7 101.2 101.2 43.3 48.2 55.2 72.8 75.4 104.9 104.2 103.3 103.0 103.0 46.2 49.2 57.3 73.6 77.4 101.6 101.6 100.9 100.8 100.7 1922.................. 1923.................. 1924.................. 1925.................. 1926.................. 70.3 72.9 81.4 84.6 90.5 101.1 100.9 101.0 101.0 101.0 70.4 79.7 84.3 89.2 94.7 103.3 103.3 103.2 103.1 103.2 72.7 81.0 86.7 88.5 95.0 100.4 100.7 100.6 100.6 100.6 74.5 81.5 90.1 90.6 96.7 101.1 101.1 101.1 100.8 100.8 71.1 73.8 82.4 86.7 91.3 103.0 103.0 102.9 102.9 102.9 72.4 76.9 86.3 90.5 95.3 100.4 100.5 100.5 100.4 100.4 1927.................. 1928.................. 1929.................. 1930................. 1931.................. 95.0 95.6 100.0 105.8 106.8 100.9 100.9 100.0 96.3 94.0 97.0 97.8 100.0 102.4 102.2 102.7 102.7 100.0 97.6 96.1 98.1 98.4 100.0 104.0 104.2 100.6 100.0 100.0 96.9 95.4 101.0 100.0 100.0 106.6 107.0 100.5 99.9 100.0 96.1 95.0 95.1 96.0 100.0 101.8 103.2 102.9 98.8 102.4 99.8 100.0 100.0 97.6 104.7 96.6 105.2 100.4 100.4 100.0 96.8 95.0 1932.................. 1933.................. 1934.................. 1935.................. 1936.................. 89.0 88.7 88.6 89.8 93.5 92.8 91.8 91.7 91.0 91.3 87.5 85.2 84.5 84.2 84.7 93.9 94.9 93.3 93.2 93.2 85.4 85.2 86.7 87.8 92.4 93.0 91.6 90.8 90.4 90.5 93.4 91.2 92.1 92.6 95.1 93.9 95.7 92.2 92.0 91.6 98.5 89.9 90.1 94.4 96.9 1913.................. 1914 Year Engineers (portable and hoisting) 1907................ 1908.................. 1909.................. 1910.................. 1911.............. — 1912.................. 41.8 1913.................. 43.0 1914.................. 43.6 1915.................. 43.6 44.1 1916.................. 1917.................. 46.5 53.2 1918.................. 1919.................. 58.3 75.5 1920.................. 1921.................. 76.7 1922.................. 72.2 1923.................. 79.8 1924.................. 84.8 1925.................. 88.5 1926.................. 93.4 96.4 1927.................. 1928.................. 100.4 1929.................. 100.0 1930.................. 107.7 1931.................. 107.7 1932.................. 100.7 1933.................. 99.6 1934.................. 101.4 1935.................. 103.1 1936.................. 104.2 105. 6 104.1 104.0 103.5 103.1 102.4 100.8 100.3 99.8 99.4 99.1 98.7 98.7 99.0 99.2 100.8 99.7 100.0 95.1 93.7 92.6 91.7 89.7 89.2 89.7 Glaziers 45.9 49.1 71.0 72.2 72.4 76.7 80.9 90.0 91.2 97.4 98.5 100.0 104.6 105.3 88.2 88.0 93.2 94.1 95.5 101.6 101.6 101.2 101.6 101.7 101.2 101.2 100.8 101.2 101.5 101.1 100.0 96.8 95.1 92.9 92.9 88.1 87.5 87.8 Granite cutters 36. 6 36.8 37.4 37.6 37.7 38.1 40.1 40.3 40.5 42.2 43.8 52.2 61.7 76.0 83.7 83.5 85.1 85.8 86.8 97.7 97.1 98.2 100.0 105.1 105. 2 94.2 90.7 90.6 90.5 90.5 102.5 102.3 102.3 101.9 101.6 101.2 100.0 100.4 100.4 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.1 99.3 99.9 100.2 100.3 100.1 100.3 100.3 100.0 95.2 94.4 94.8 93.6 92.1 92.1 91.5 Lathers 39.4 40.3 41.0 41.5 42.7 44.4 47.9 53.3 76.0 77.2 72.5 80.1 86.4 94.2 96.6 100.5 100.8 100.0 104.3 103.7 93.1 89.7 92.1 93.1 95.5 104.0 104.0 104.0 103.5 103.5 103.0 103.0 102.7 102.1 101.9 102.0 102.3 102.1 101.8 101.5 101.0 100.5 100.0 94.3 93.8 93.3 92.9 87.5 87.4 86.5 94.3 94.3 88.7 85.1 85.1 Marble setters 38.4 38.8 39.0 39.5 39.9 40.1 42.7 43.2 43.6 43.8 43.8 46.1 51.2 67.7 68.8 67.4 76.2 79.7 81.4 91.0 92.9 93.4 100.0 100.3 100.8 92.3 89.2 88.8 89.4 90.0 102.6 102.6 101.5 101.3 100.9 100.9 100.9 100.7 100.7 100.5 100.4 100.4 100.0 100.0 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 94.7 93.0 92.0 91.9 90.9 90.9 90.8 97.9 91.0 91.2 91.3 92.4 95.0 93.0 92.2 91.9 92.6 Mosaic and terrazzo workers 37.7 39.7 42.9 46.1 68.2 69.4 67.4 69.0 81.5 85.7 87.5 91.1 95.3 100.0 104.7 105.6 97.2 89.5 90.8 90.8 91.1 103.9 103.9 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.3 100.2 100.2 99.9 99.9 100.0 94.5 93.6 89.8 91.0 90.9 90.3 89.4 24 U N IO N sc a l e s in b u il d in g t r a d e s T a b l e 8 . — Indexes of union scales of wages and hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1986 — C o n tin u e d Painters Plasterers Plumbers and gas fitters Roofers— composition Roofers— slate and tile Sheet-metal workers Year Wage Hours Wage Wage rate rate Hours rate Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours rate rate rate 1907.................. 27.5 30.5 32.6 34.6 35.3 114.1 112.3 110.7 109.3 108.6 39.9 39.8 40.1 40.5 40.8 108.8 108.3 108.3 108.2 108.8 37.8 38.2 38.8 39.1 41.4 104.7 104.8 104.8 104.6 104.3 1912 1913 1914.................. 1915. ................ 1916.................. 35.7 37.3 38.5 38.7 42.3 108.5 107.9 107.6 107.6 106.9 41.6 42.0 42.2 42.4 43.9 107.5 107.5 107.4 106.9 105.8 41.6 43.0 43.6 43.9 44.3 103.5 103.5 103.1 103.1 102.6 36.2 37.1 37.4 103.7 103.7 103.7 37.0 38.4 39.5 1917.................. 1918.................. 1919.__ : .......... 1920.................. 1921.................. 43.6 48.1 56.3 76.7 78.9 106.8 106.3 106.1 103.0 103.1 45.2 47.6 54.9 71.7 75.6 105.7 105.4 105.4 105.2 104.9 45.8 50.6 57.2 74.0 77.4 102.5 101.6 101.3 101.3 101.1 39.5 44.8 49.8 70.8 74.2 103.0 102.5 102.5 102.5 100.6 1922.................. 1923.................. 1924.................. 1926.................. 73.8 81.0 85.3 90.0 95.4 103.9 103.6 103.5 103.8 103.4 72.7 81.0 90.6 92.1 98.9 105.0 105.5 105.6 105.3 102.2 71.9 79.4 86.6 88.4 95.2 101.1 101.1 101.1 101.1 101.1 71.0 71.9 83.3 85.8 93.3 1927.................. 1928.................. 1929.................. 1930.................. 1931.................. 98.6 100.2 100.0 105.6 106.1 103.0 100.3 100.0 98.9 98.0 101.0 101.2 100.0 105.0 104.7 101.8 100.9 100.0 97.7 97.0 97.2 99.2 100.0 103.9 105.1 1932.................. 1933.................. 1934.................. 1935.................. 1936.................. 89.6 87.8 86.4 86.6 91.0 97.9 97.7 85.6 85.5 85.6 87.1 83.7 84.6 85.6 86.1 95.2 97.2 93.1 91.6 90.1 91.4 90.6 91.4 92.8 95.2 1908 _ _____ 1909 1910 1911 lo^s.................. Year Sign painters Steam and sprinkler fitters 33.8 34.5 34.7 35.7 36.8 105.4 105.3 105.3 105.3 105.0 104.0 104.0 103.6 37.6 39.3 40.7 41.3 42.0 103.7 103.5 103.4 103.2 102.8 42.1 46.1 52.5 67.9 73.9 101.8 101.8 101.5 101.5 101.4 43.8 51.3 56.6 75.9 78.7 102.7 101.6 101.2 100.8 100.8 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 70.7 78.8 87.3 91.3 94.3 101.3 101.6 101.2 101.2 101.2 73.0 78.6 86.3 89.2 95.3 100.7 100.7 100.7 100.7 100.7 100.9 95.9 100.9 98.1 100.0 100.0 95.4 106.0 94.1 106.7 100.6 100.5 100.0 96.1 94.9 98.8 99.0 100.0 103.1 103.5 101.2 101.2 100.0 95.7 94.1 98.2 96.3 100.0 104.6 106.2 100.4 100.1 100.0 96.3 94.7 93.2 91.2 93.0 95.6 96.2 93.9 95.1 92.6 92.5 93.1 89.9 87.7 87.2 89.5 90.2 94.1 94.1 93.8 92.6 93.4 92.1 89.4 89.7 90.4 92.2 93.3 93.2 91.9 92.0 91.9 93.7 93.3 92.4 91.8 90.6 StructuralStonecutters Stonemasons iron workers 33.8 34.2 38.9 36.1 37.3 1907_. 1908.. 1909.. 1910.. 1911- 105.9 105.9 105.6 105.0 104.9 38.1 38.2 38.2 38.4 38.5 101.2 101.2 101.2 101.2 101.2 34.7 35.2 35.3 35.6 36.0 106.8 106.8 106.8 105.2 104.5 31.8 34.7 37.2 39.5 40.5 T ile layers 108.1 105.9 104.5 103.4 103.2 1912........................ 1913......................... 1914......................... 1915......................... 1916......................... 39.9 40.1 40.1 40.9 106.7 106.3 106.0 106.1 37.9 39.3 40.0 40.9 41.7 104.2 103.8 102.5 102.5 102.2 38.6 39.6 41.1 41.4 41.8 100.9 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.4 36.4 37.6 38.7 39.1 39.7 104.5 104.4 104.4 104.3 104.1 41.2 42.5 43.3 43.3 44.0 102.1 101.7 101.5 101.5 101.2 42.7 44.8 45.0 45.3 45.9 102.8 102.3 102.3 101.9 101.4 1917......................... 1918......................... 1919......................... 1920......................... 1921......................... 42.7 46.7 56.1 75.7 78.5 105.6 105.5 105.4 105.3 105.4 43.3 47.3 53.2 70.2 71.1 102.1 101.1 101.0 100.9 100.8 43.8 46.7 55.5 72.7 74.7 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.2 100.2 41.2 45.2 50.7 70.7 72.4 104.0 104.0 103.4 103.4 103.5 46.6 53.4 60.1 76.2 77.6 101.0 100.7 100.5 100.5 100.5 48.2 49.6 54.1 72.8 72.2 101.1 101.1 100.7 100.4 100.5 1922......................... 1923......................... 1924......................... 1925......................... 1926......................... 77.8 84.0 95.7 96.7 96.2 105.4 103.4 101.6 101.6 103.7 69.5 72.9 83.6 88.0 95.3 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.7 71.7 78.2 84.0 87.5 95.4 100.2 100.1 100.1 100.3 100.1 67.4 79.7 84.5 86.1 94.9 103.4 103.4 103.1 103.1 103.3 70.5 75.1 85.0 85.9 92.4 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.2 100.5 71.0 77.6 88.1 90.2 94.6 100.3 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 1927......................... 1928......................... 1929......................... 1930......................... 1931......................... 98.9 99.0 100.0 99.9 99.8 101.8 101.7 100.0 99.1 98.1 98.0 99.4 100.0 104.9 105.5 100.5 100.5 100.0 95.5 94.5 95.1 95.5 100.0 100.7 101.0 100.5 99.0 100.4 98.9 100.0 100.0 96.9 104.5 95.8 105.6 100.5 100.2 1932......................... 1933......................... 1934......................... 1935......................... 1936......................... 90.1 83.2 82.9 85.6 87.6 97.6 97.8 95.1 93.1 92.9 90.9 88.2 89.2 90.7 93.7 93.6 93.1 92.5 92.2 92.4 93.7 84.7 85.1 85.1 85.3 91.1 88.3 88.3 89.0 90.7 92.6 92.4 86.2 86.2 86.1 100.1 96.1 100.2 97.3 100.0 100.0 96.9 101.5 96.4 102.0 94.3 94.3 93.0 92.7 92.8 90.5 84.5 84.4 84.2 85.2 103.1 99.0 103.0 99.2 100.0 100.0 96.6 105.5 94.9 106.5 94.5 93.8 93.4 93.3 93.3 92.3 91.3 92.5 93.2 95.6 93.4 93.1 91.8 90.7 90.6 100.0 94.8 25 TREND OF WAGE RATES AND HOURS, BY TRADES T able 8 . — Indexes of union scales of wages and hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1936 — C o n tin u e d Building la borers Year H od carriers (masons’ tenders) Plasterers’ laborers Elevator constructors’ helpers Marble setters' helpers Steam and sprinkler fitters' helpers Tile layers’ helpers W age W age Wage Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age rate rate rate rate Hours rate Hours rate Hours rate 1907.. 1908__ 190919101911- 35.0 35.2 35.3 36.7 36.8 108.5 108.5 108.1 105.5 105.5 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.8 34.1 110.5 110.5 110.1 109.2 108.6 34.1 35.6 36.0 36.2 36.2 106.6 106.2 105.9 105.9 105.8 1912„ 1913.. 191419151916- 37.2 38.8 39.2 39.4 41.2 105.5 105.5 105.2 105.2 104.6 34.3 34.8 35.2 35.4 36.5 107.8 107.8 106.4 106.4 106.4 36.6 37.5 38.3 38.4 39.4 105.3 105.3 105.4 '3 7 T " " 105.4 37.8 102.2 104.4 38.8 102.2 16 279 35.8 37.9 38.1 38.1 38.1 19171918191919201921- 45.5 53.4 60.5 87.7 88.2 103.5 103.0 101.1 100.0 100.0 40.7 47.5 55.6 80.8 81.2 106.3 106.3 105.9 105.7 105.7 42.1 48.5 55.3 80.1 82.7 104.2 104.2 103.8 103.8 103.4 40.9 43.6 52.9 74.1 77.5 101.7 101.7 100.9 100.7 100.5 1922.. 1923192419251926- 82.8 84.4 93.9 89.7 98.7 99.3 100.0 97.7 99.8 100.0 67.3 73.5 76.8 85.8 93.5 105.9 105.9 105.8 105.7 105.8 72.6 80.0 86.0 91.7 97.1 103.4 103.5 103.4 103.3 99.9 73.8 77.3 85.2 89.2 96.1 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.5 100.5 19271928192919301931- 99.1 99.5 100.0 105.5 103.9 105.8 98.0 105.8 99.6 100.0 100.0 99.3 106.0 98.8 105.6 99.8 100.1 100.0 97.4 96.6 99.0 100.9 100.0 105.4 105.7 1932.. 1933.. 193419351936- 89.4 84.2 87.3 88.6 96.2 96.3 94.7 91.8 90.7 89.2 96.9 88.9 88.4 88.6 89.5 100.2 95.7 100.1 95.8 100.0 100.0 98.1 103.8 97.0 103.5 93.6 93.2 89.1 89.0 89.5 85.8 84.7 90.3 87.4 92.1 96.6 96.1 94.3 94.2 94.0 87.6 82.5 84.8 86.2 88.2 26.4 26.8 26.9 29.1 29.3 103.1 103.0 102.8 101.8 101.7 100.5 100.5 100.1 100.1 100.1 30.2 31.0 31.6 32.5 33.0 101.6 101.3 102.0 102.0 101.7 36.1 36.8 37.1 38.4 39.8 103.0 102.5 102.5 100.9 100.6 40.6 42.5 48.6 82.0 81.9 100.1 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.2 35.1 40.5 48.6 70.4 72.2 101.7 100.3 100.2 100.2 100.2 40.8 42.1 51.0 83.5 84.4 99.8 99.8 99.5 99.5 99.6 76.2 82.3 89.2 84.6 93.9 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 74.1 78.7 87.2 89.7 95.0 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.2 79.3 81.1 88.3 90.8 98.4 99.6 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 93.3 100.5 94.3 100.0 100.0 96.2 101.7 94.7 101.8 100.0 100.1 100.0 95.9 94.2 99.3 101.4 100.0 109.3 109.3 100.4 100.0 100.0 92.1 91.8 99.5 101.5 100.0 108.5 108.5 100.5 100.5 100.0 93.6 92.6 93.8 94.0 92.3 92.3 92.2 94.3 91.6 91.9 93.0 93.2 91.7 91.6 91.1 91.1 91.5 *95.8 91.4 91.5 94.6 95.9 91.4 91.5 87.6 76.3 76.3 94.7 92.5 91.8 91.5 92.1 93.2 90.7 90.9 91.5 91.6 Union Rates of Wages and Hours by Trades and Cities Table 9 lists the union rates of wages per hour and hours per week in force on M a y 15, 1935 and 1936, by trade, in each of the 70 cities included in the survey. Since there are no union rates in force for some trades in some cities, some of the trade classifications lack a full listing of cities. Sometimes there are two or more union rates for the same occupation in the same city. This m ay be due to two or more unions having different scales, to one union having different agree ments with different employers because of various qualifications or conditions, or to both these situations. Where more than one union rate is in effect all are listed in the following tables, the letters A , B , C , etc., being used to designate the different quotations. 26 T able U N IO N SC ALE S IN B U IL D IN G TRADES 9 .— U n io n scales o f w ages and hours o f labor in specified trades , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y cities A SBESTO S W O R K E R S $1.000 1.125 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.100 1.500 1.250 1.300 1.075 1.250 1.100 1.000 1.000 Detroit, M ich ... 1.125 Houston, Tex. _ 1.250 Indianapolis, Ind__....... 1.000 Kansas City, Mo______ 1. 225 Los Angeles, Calif_____ 1.250 Louisville, K y _________ 1.000 Memphis, Tenn_______ 1.000 Milwaukee, Wis. ____ 1.150 Minneapolis, Minn____ 1.200 Nashville, Tenn. _____ 1.000 44 $1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.375 40 1.150 40 1.175 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 35 .875 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 35 1.200 40 1.000 Atlanta, Ga___________ $1.125 Baltimore, Md............... 1.100 Birmingham, Ala______ 1.250 Boston, Mass ________ 1.300 Buffalo, N. Y ................. 1. 250 Butte, Mont_____- ____ 1.625 Charleston, S. C_______ 1.000 Charleston, W. Va_____ 1.333 Chicago, 111___________ 1.500 Sewer and tunnel bricklayers________ 1. 750 Cincinnati, Ohio______ 1.375 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.375 Sewer and tunnel bricklayers________ 1.750 Cnlnmhns, Ohio__ 1. 300 Dallas, Tex _________ 1.125 Davenport, Iowa (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_________ 1.300 Denver, Colo__________ 1. 250 Sewer and tunnel bricklayers________ 1.500 D p,5 Mnines, Tnwa . _ ? 1. 500 Dp.trnit, Mich _ _ 1. 250 Duluth, Minn________ 1.000 E l P O T ax fl.R , 1.250 Erie, Pa______________ 1.313 Grand Rapids, Mich___ 1. 250 Houston, Tex_________ 1. 250 Indianapolis, Tnd 1.425 Jacksonville, Fla______ 1.000 Kansas City, Mo______ 1. 325 Little Rock, Ark______ 1.125 Los Angeles, Calif 1.000 Louisville, Ky_________ 1. 250 Madison, Wis_________ 1.000 Manchester, N . H_ 1. 300 Memphis, Tenn_______ 1.375 Milwaukee, Wis............ 1.125 Sewer and tunnel bricklayers............... 1.600 40 $1.125 40 1.100 40 1.000 40 1.300 40 1.250 30 1.625 44 1.000 40 1.333 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 40 48 40 40 2.250 1.375 1.250 44 40 40 40 40 40 1. 750 1.300 1.125 40 40 40 35 35 1.300 1.000 35 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 250 1.500 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.313 1. 250 1.000 1.300 1.000 1.325 1.125 1.000 1.250 1.000 1. 300 1.375 1.000 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week 40 Atlanta, G a ._ ____ ____ ■Baltimore, Md________ Birmingham, Ala______ Boston, Mass..............__ Buffalo, N. Y ................. Charleston, W. Va......... Chicago, 111.................... Cincinnati, Ohio______ Cleveland, Ohio_______ Columbus, Ohio_______ Dallas, Tex___________ Dayton, Ohio......... ........ Des Moines, Iowa_____ Denver, Colo__________ 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Newark, N. J __ $1.400 New Haven, Cnnn 1.125 New Orleans, La______ 1.000 New York, N. Y .......... 1. 400 Norfolk, Va............... 1.000 Oklahoma City, Okla.: Old work_______ ___ 1.000 New work 1.250 Omaha, Nebr_________ 1.000 Philadelphia, Pa 1.125 Pittsburgh, Pa 1. 500 Portland, Orev 1. 200 Providence, R . I ............. 1.000 Richmond, Va________ 1.000 Rochester, N. Y_ 1.050 St. Louis, M o 1.250 St. Paul, Minn............... 1. 200 San Antonio, Tex______ 1.000 Scranton, Pa__________ 1.000 South Bend, Tnd 1.125 Springfield, Mass______ 1.125 Toledo, Ohio. 1. 250 Washington, D . C____ 1. 500 Youngstown, Ohio........ 1. 275 40 $1,400 40 1.000 44 40 1.400 40 1.100 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 500 1.175 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 44 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 250 40 1.250 1.500 1.200 1.000 1.500 1. 250 1.250 1.125 1. 375 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 1.500 1. 200 1.000 1.500 1. 250 1.250 1.125 1. 250 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.525 1.500 1.500 1.250 1.350 1. 250 1.200 1. 250 1. 250 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1. 500 1.250 1.200 1.250 1. 200 1. 250 1.250 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 250 1.500 1.100 1. 250 1. 250 1.500 1. 500 1.500 South Bend, Tnd. _ 1.250 Spokane, Wash............. 1.250 Springfield, Mass. 1. 375 Toledo, O hio.._______ 1. 250 Washingt.nn, D C 1.500 Wichita, Kans________ 1.125 Worcester, Mass______ 1.300 York, Pa............. .......... 1.000 Youngstown, Ohin _ 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.500 1.100 1.125 1. 250 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.250 1. 250 1.375 1.250 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 1.300 1.000 1. 25G 40 40 40 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.500 1. 200 1.000 .875 1.050 1. 250 1.200 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.125 1. 000 40 40 B R IC K L A Y E R S i Minneapolis, Minn____ Moline, 1 1 (See Rock 1. Island (111.) district). Nashville, Tenn ____ Newark, N. J_________ New Haven, Cnnn New Orleans, La______ New York, N. Y ............ Norfolk, Va______ ____ Oklahoma City, Okla___ Omaha, Nebr_________ Peoria, ni_____________ Sewer and tunnel bricklayers________ Philadelphia, Pa_______ Pittsburgh, Pa________ Portland, Maine______ Portland, Oreg............... Providence, R. I............ Reading, Pa................... Richmond, Va________ Rochester, N. Y .... ........ Rock Island (111.) dis trict________________ St. Louis, Mo_________ St. Paul, Minn...... ........ Salt Lake City, Utah__ San Antonio, T e x _____ San Franrisen, Calif _ Scranton, P a................. Seattle, Wash........ ........ $1. 250 i In cities where different kinds of bricklaying are not listed separately, it can generally be assumed that the general bricklaying rate prevails also for sewer and tunnel bricklayers. RATES AND T able HOURS BY TRADES AND 27 C IT I E S 9 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor in specified trades , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d CARPEN TERS) May 15,1936 May 15,1935 2 City c 3 ft $1,000 Atlanta, fla Baltimore, Md__............ 1.100 Millwrights_________ 1.200 Parquetry floor layers. 1.250 Ship carpenters........... .650 Ship calkers_________ .720 Birmingham, Ala______ 1.000 Boston,~Mass____ _____ 1.175 Wharf and bridge carpenters. ___ __ 1.075 Buffalo, N. V 1.200 Millwrights ___ __ . 1.300 Butte, Mont___________ L 500 Charleston, S. C.: Rate A .......... ... .750 Rata R .800 Ship carpenters______ .500 Charleston, W. Va_____ 1.000 Charlotte, N. C _ .700 Chicago, 111___________ 1. 500 Cincinnati, Ohio _ _ 1.200 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.250 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1.000 Dallas, Tex___________ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See Bock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_________ 1.150 Denver, Colo__________ 1.250 D as Moines, Towa . 1.150 Detroit,, M ich 1.000 Millwrights 1. 250 Duluth, Minn................ 1.000 El Paso, Tex 1.000 .800 Erie, Pa................. ......... Grand Rapids, M ich___ 1.000 Wharf and bridge car penters 1.000 Houston, Tex_________ 1.000 Indianapolis, Ind______ 1.150 Jacksonville, Fla .750 Kansas City, Mo______ 1.125 Little Rock, Ark______ 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif 1.100 Millwrights................. 1.000 Wharf and bridge car penters _ 1.125 Louisville, Ky.: Rate A Rato B ....... 1.000 .800 Madison, Wis ................ .900 Manchester, N. H _____ 1.000 M 8 * s < 8 b fl f§ 0 8 ft M © © * 40 40 40 80 1.075 1.000 1.100 1.250 40 40 40 30 44 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 .750 .800 .500 1.000 .700 1.313 1.200 1.125 1.000 1.000 44 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.100 1.150 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 .800 .900 40 30 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.000 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 L 000 40 40 40 40 40 1. 000 40 .900 1.000 40 40 1.000 f i ©-3 P , £ § ft 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 .750 1.125 1.000 2 b a City C D 40 $0,900 40 1.100 40 1.200 40 1.250 40 .650 44 .720 40 1.000 40 1.175 1.000 1.000 May 15,1936 May 15, 1935 jS , c 3 ft Memphis, Tenn Milwaukee, Wis.: $1,000 1.050 .925 Rate A Rate B........................ Wharf and bridge car penters___ _______ _ 1.050 1.000 Minneapolis, M in n __ Moline, 1 1 (See Rock 1. Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn _. .900 Newark, N. J__________ 1.400 New Haven, Cnnn 1.063 New Orleans, La .750 Wharf and bridge car .800 penters ______ New Vnrk, N V 1.400 Norfolk, Va .800 Omaha, Nehr .900 Peoria, Til 1.250 Philadelphia, Pa 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa________ 1.250 Portland, Oreg_______ 1.000 Ship carpenters______ 1.000 Providence, R. I_______ 1.000 Reading, Pa____ ______ 1.200 .800 Richmond, Va.......... . Rochester, N. Y _______ 1.050 Rock Island (111.) dis trict. 1.000 fit. Louis, M o 1.250 Ship carpenters 1.000 St. Paul, Minn ______ 1.000 Salt Lake City, Utah__ 1.000 San Antonio, Tex______ 1.000 San Francisco, Calif___ 1.125 Ship carpenters______ .925 Wharf and bridge car penters 1.125 Reran ton, Pa _ 1.125 Seattle, Wash_________ 1.125 Parquetry floor layers. 1. 250 fihip carpenters 1.100 Ship calkers_________ 1.140 South Bend, Tnd _ . 1.000 Rpokane, Wash _ Springfield, Mass______ Toledo, Ohio 1.000 1.000 1.000 Washington, D. C_____ 1.375 .875 W ichita, Kans________ Worcester, M ass______ 1.000 York, Pa______ _______ .900 Youngstown, Ohio......... 1.125 1 fs I ft 2 Ss s i ft 1 £ C D o. £ 3 O ft 40 $0.875 40 40 40 .925 .925 40 40 40 35 1.050 1.000 40 35 40 40 40 44 .750 1.400 1.063 .750 44 40 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 .800 1.400 .800 .900 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.200 .800 1.050 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 .900 1.000 .900 .875 40 40 40 35 44 40 40 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.125 1.125 1.250 1.100 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.375 .750 1.000 .900 1.200 44 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 C E M E N T F IN IS H E R S Atlanta, Ga___________ T . Birmingham, Ala______ Boston, Mass_________ Buffalo, N. Y ................. Butte, Mont__________ 40 $1.00C 40 Columbus, Ohio............ $1.000 40 40 $1,000 40 1.000 44 1.000 40 Dallas, Tex_......... _........ 1.000 40 40 1.000 40 Davenport, Iowa. (See 1.250 40 Rock Island (111.) 40 1. 250 1.125 40 1.125 40 district.) 1.625 30 1.625 30 Dayton, Ohio................. 1.000 40 1.000 40 Charleston, S. C 1.000 44 1.000 44 Denver, Colo.............. 44 1. 250 35 1.094 Chicago, 1 1 1 .............. ...... 1.500 40 1.313 40 Des Moines, Iowa.......... 1.125 40 1.125 40 Cincinnati, Ohio______ 1.025 1.000 40 1.025 40 Detroit, M ich. 40 40 1.125 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.250 40 Duluth, Minn................ 1.000 40 1.555 40 ) In cities where different kinds of carpentering are not listed separately it can generally be assumed that the general carpenter rate prevails for millwrights, parquetry floor layers, ship carpenters, and wharf and bridge carpenters. Baltimore, M d . $1,000 1.000 1.000 28 U N IO N SC A L E S IN B U IL D IN G T R A D E S T a b l e 9 .— U n io n scales o f w ages a nd hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d CEMENT FINISHERS—Continued El Paso, Tmr Erie, Pa Grand Rapids, M ich___ Houston, Tex___________ Indianapolis, In d_______ Jacksonvilla, El a Kansas City, M o _______ Little Rook, Ark. Los Angeles, Calif............ Louisville, K y __________ Madison, Wis Manchester, N . H ______ M emphis, Tenn________ Milwaukee, Wis Minneapolis, M in n ......... Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Newark, N . J___________ New Haven, Conn New Orleans, La . New York, N . Y .............. Norfolk, V a _____________ Oklahoma City, Okla_ _ Omaha, N ebr___________ Peoria, 111........................... $1,000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.100 1.000 1.125 1.000 1. 250 1.100 .900 1.300 1.125 1.125 1.200 1.500 1. 200 .850 1.400 1.100 1.000 1.000 1.250 40 $1,000 40 1.000 40 40 1.000 40 .900 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 44 1.250 40 1.100 40 .900 40 1.300 40 1.100 40 1.125 35 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 30 40 40 1.500 1.200 .850 1.400 1.100 1.000 1.000 1.250 40 40 Philadelphia, Pa Pittsburgh, Pa_ Portland, Maine Portland, Oreg. $1.050 1.400 1.250 _ 1.000 Providence, R . I ________ 1.150 Reading, Pa 1. 250 Richmond, V a ...............__ 1.100 Rochester, N . Y ________ 1. 250 Rock Island (111.) dis trict 1.000 St. Lonis, Mo 1.313 St. Paul, M inn____ _____ 1.000 Salt Lake City, U t a h ... 1.100 San Antonio, Tex 1.250 Scranton, Pa __ 1.200 Seattle, W ash ____ _____ _ 1. 250 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.125 South Bend, Ind.............. 1.000 Spokane, W ash......... ....... 1. 250 Springfield, M ass_______ 1. 375 1. 250 Toledo, Ohio.................. . Washington, D . C ......... . 1. 375 Wichita, K ans__________ .875 Worcester, M ass________ 1.300 Youngstown, Ohio______ 1.000 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Rates of wages per hour M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1935 40 $1. 050 40 1.400 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 44 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.100 40 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.313 1.000 1.000 1. 000 1.200 1.125 1.125 1.000 1. 250 1.375 1.250 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 30 1. 300 1.000 40 40 40 $0.850 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.000 .875 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 44 40 40 1.000 1.500 1.250 1.125 1.250 1.600 .900 1.000 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.500 .900 1. 250 1.000 .800 .800 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 30 40 40 1.050 1.500 1.000 1.125 1.000 1.250 L 000 L 125 40 40 44 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 ELECTR ICIAN S (Inside wiremen and fixture hangers) A tla n ta , G a ................. ........ B a ltim o re , M d _________ B irm in g h a m , A la ______ B o s to n , M a s s ........... .......... B u ffa lo , N . Y ..................... B u tte , M o n t ....................... C h a rle sto n , W . V a ........... C hica go, 111.......................... M o d e rn iz a tio n ............... C in c in n a ti, O h io ............... C le v e la n d , O h io ................ C o lu m b u s , O h io ................ D a lla s , T e x .......................... D a y to n , O h io ..................... D a v e n p o rt, Io w a . (See B o c k Is la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) D e n v e r, C o lo ...................... D es M o in e s , Io w a ______ D e tro it, M ic h _____ ____ D u lu t h , M in n .................... E l Paso, T e x ....................... E rie , P a ................................. G ra n d R a p id s , M ic h ___ H o u s to n , T e x ..................... In d ia n a p o lis , I n d .............. R e p a irs, e tc ................. — J a cks o n ville , F la .: R a te A ............................... R a te B ............................... K ansas C ity , M o .............. L o s Angeles, O a liL ........... L o u is v ille , K y . : R a te A ............................... R a te B ............................... M a d is o n , W is .: R a te A ............................... R a te B ............................... 1.125 1.375 1.125 1.250 1.125 1.500 1.000 1.500 1.063 1.250 1.500 1.000 1.000 1.500 40 $1.125 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.125 30 1.500 40 1.000 20 1.500 40 1.063 40 1.250 30 1.500 40 1.000 44 1.000 40 L 250 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 20 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.250 1.375 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.000 35 8 32 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 .750 1.000 1.250 1.000 30 *32 44 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 1.000 1.250 1.000 40 40 40 44 1.100 1.000 1.250 1.000 40 40 30 40 1.000 .750 40 40 1.000 40 .900 1.200 30 30 .900 1.200 30 30 Manchester, N . H ........... $0.850 Memphis, Tenn________ 1.125 Milwaukee, W is.: Class A ............................. 1.250 Class B ............................. 1.000 Class O ............................. .875 Minneapolis, M in n _____ 1.125 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn_ ______ 1.000 Newark, N . J................. 1.500 Maintenance__________ 1.250 New Haven, C onn.......... 1.125 New Orleans, La________ 1.250 New York, N . Y ________ 1.700 Norfolk, V a ....................... .900 Oklahoma City, Okla.__ 1.000 Omaha, Nebr..................... 1.000 Peoria, 111........................... 1.250 Maintenance................. 1.000 Philadelphia, Pa............... 1.250 Maintenance____ _____ 1.000 Pittsburgh, P a .................. 1.500 Portland, M aine............... .900 Portland, Oreg.................. 1.250 Providence, R . I ............... 1.000 Reading, P a........... ........... .800 Richmond, V a ................... .800 Rochester, N . Y ......... . 1.200 Rock Island (111.) dis trict.................................... 4 1.050 St. Louis, M o .............. .. 1.500 St. Paul, M inn.... ............. 1.000 Salt Lake City^ U t a h ... 1.125 San Antonio, T ex_______ 1.-000 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.250 Fixture hangers............. 1.000 Scranton, Pa____________ 1.125 •Full time provided 40 hours but members restricted to 32. 4Old scale, strike pending. RATES AND T able 9.— HOURS BY TRADES AND 29 C IT I E S U n io n scales o f w ages a nd hours o f labor i n specified trades , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d ELECTRICIANS—Continued M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1935 Seattle, W ash.................... $1.375 Fixture hangers............. 1.125 South Bend, Ind.............. 1. 000 Spokane, W ash................. 1.125 Fixture hangers............. 1.000 Springfield, M ass......... . 1.125 30 $1.375 30 1.125 40 .900 35 1.125 35 1.000 40 1.125 30 30 40 35 35 40 Toledo. Ohio...................... $1.375 Washington, D . C ........... 1.650 Wichita, K ans................... .800 Worcester, M a s s ............. 1.125 Youngstown, Ohio........... 1.350 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour i M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1935 35 $1.375 40 1.650 48 .800 40 1.125 40 1.350 35 40 48 40 30 40 $0,980 40 40 1.300 40 1.110 40 1.000 40 1.403 44 1.060 44 1.000 44 .9 0 0 44 1.000 44 .9 0 0 40 1.290 40 1.360 40 1.220 40 1.490 40 1.340 44 L 120 40 1.210 40 1.090 40 1.200 44 1.230 44 1.080 44 .9 7 0 40 1.220 40 1.100 44 ELEVATOR CONSTRUCTORS Atlanta, Ga.................... $1.150 Baltimore, Md............... 1.250 Repair......................... 1.250 Birmingham, Ala........... 1.150 Maintenance—............ 1.030 Boston, Mass.............. . 1.330 Buffalo, N. Y ................. 1.210 Maintenance________ 1.090 Butte, Mont__________ 1.540 Service—...................— 1.254 Charleston, W. Va......... 1.100 Chicago, 111.................... 1.500 Maintenance and in spection___________ 1.350 Cincinnati, Ohio.......... 1.300 Maintenance and in spection.................... 1.170 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.400 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1.190 Dallas, Tex..................... 1.200 Maintenance________ 1.080 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Denver, Colo__________ 1.225 Maintenance________ 1.100 Des Moines, Iowa_____ 1.325 Maintenance—............ 1.190 Detroit, Mich_________ 1.250 Duluth, Minn_________ 1.000 .900 Maintenance________ Erie, Pa______________ 1.030 Maintenance—............ .930 Grand Rapids, Mich___ 1.170 Houston, Tex_________ 1.275 Maintenance .......... 1.150 Indianapolis, Ind........... 1.250 Maintenance________ 1.120 Jacksonville, Fla_______ 1.050 Maintenance............... .950 Kansas City, Mo______ 1.365 Maintenance—............ 1.229 Little Rock, Ark______ 1.125 Maintenance............... 1.010 Los Angeles, Calif.......... 1.125 Louisville, K y __________ 1.110 Maintenance 1.000 Memphis, Tenn..... ....... 1.200 Maintenance............. . 1.080 Milwaukee, Wis_______ 1.190 Maintenance—......... . 1.070 Minneapolis, Minn........ 1.190 Maintenance—............ 1.070 40 $1.150 40 1.250 44 1.250 40 1.150 44 1.030 40 1.330 40 1.180 40 1.060 40 1.540 40 1.254 40 1.100 40 1.425 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.300 40 40 40 40 40 44 1.170 1.300 1.190 1.000 .900 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 44 40 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 1.225 1.100 1.125 1.010 1.250 1.000 .900 1.030 .930 1.110 1.000 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 1.250 1.120 1.050 .950 1.280 1.150 1.125 1. 010 1 125 1.110 40 40 44 44 40 40 1.175 1.060 1.140 1.030 1.190 1.070 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 44 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 44 40 40 M o lin e , 111. (S ee R o c k Is la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) N a s h v ille , T e n n _________ $1.120 M a in t e n a n c e ___________ 1.010 N e w H a v e n , C o n n ______ 1.300 N e w O rlea n s, L a ________ 1.110 M a in t e n a n c e - .................. 1.000 N e w Y o r k , N . Y ________ 1.403 N o r fo lk , V a _______ _______ 1.060 O k la h o m a C i t y , O k l a . „ 1.000 M a in t e n a n c e .................... .9 0 0 O m a h a , N e b r ____________ 1.105 M a in t e n a n c e —................ 1.000 P e o r ia , 111.................. ............ 1. 290 P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ................ 1.360 M a in t e n a n c e .................... 1.220 P it t s b u r g h , P a ................ 1.490 M a in t e n a n c e —................ 1.340 P o r t la n d , M a i n e ................ 1.120 P o r t la n d , O r e g ..... ............... 1.210 M a in t e n a n c e ___________ 1.090 P r o v id e n c e , R . I _________ 1.200 R e a d in g , P a ______________ 1.230 R i c h m o n d , V a ___________ 1.080 M a in t e n a n c e —................ .9 7 0 R o c h e s t e r , N . Y ................. 1.220 M a in t e n a n c e ___________ 1.100 R o c k I s la n d (111.) d is t r ic t —.............. ..................... 1.150 S t. L o u is , M o ....................... 1.480 S t. P a u l, M i n n .................... 1.190 M a in t e n a n c e .................... 1.070 S a n A n t o n io , T e x _______ 1.050 .945 M a in t e n a n c e ___________ S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif _____ 1.300 M a in t e n a n c e ....... ............ 1.170 S cr a n to n , P a _____________ 1.270 S ea ttle, W a s h ....................... 1. 425 M a in t e n a n c e ___________ 1.283 S o u t h B e n d , I n d _________ 1.000 .900 M a in t e n a n c e ..... ............... S p o k a n e , W a s h ........ .......... 1.120 M a in t e n a n c e _________ 1.010 S p r in g fie ld , M a s s ............... 1.225 T o l e d o , O h io —..................... 1.230 W a s h in g t o n , D . O ............ 1.660 M a i n t e n a n c e ___ 1.500 W i c h it a , K a n s ..................... 1,080 W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ................. 1.300 Y o u n g s t o w n , O h io ............ 1.260 M a in t e n a n c e —................ 1.140 44 40 44 44 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 1.150 1.480 1.190 1.070 1.050 .9 4 5 1.250 1.125 1.270 1.425 1.283 1.000 .900 1.120 1.010 1.225 1.230 1.660 1.500 1.080 1.300 1.260 1.140 40 44 36 40 30 U N IO N T able 9.— SC A LE S IN B U IL D IN G T R A D E S U n io n scales o f wages a n d hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 9 and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d ENGINEERS (Portable and hoisting) 5 May 15,1936 May 1 i, 1935 1 f* s * 1 Is S3 to © ©a City 1 & sR w 3 * 5 8 §> * Sg *3 i 3 City © © I* tn §> h 0-3 *b,£ a 5 2 § W Atlanta, Ga.: 40 2- and 3-drum rigs___ $1. 250 40 $1.250 1-drum rigs . ___ 1.000 40 40 1.000 Baltimore, Md.: Hoists, excavating shovels ___ «1. 250 40 40 1,250 40 40 1.500 Derricks................... . 1.500 Birmingham, Ala.: 40 40 1.250 Boom derricks_______ 1.250 Concrete mixers. _ .... 1.125 40 40 1.125 Boston, Mass.: 40 L425 Digging_____________ 1.425 40 Hoisting____________ 1.175 40 1.175 40 Hoisting assistants___ 1.050 40 1.050 40 Buffalo, N . Y .: 40 1.250 Shovels; cableways___ 1.500 40 Skimmers______ ____ 1.333 40 1.250 40 40 1.125 40 Cranes and hoisting... 1.333 Rollers, mixers, 40 1.125 pumps, pile drivers. 1.200 40 Butte, Mont.: Hoists, steel erection 30 work_____________ 1.375 30 Hoists, single-drum.. . 1.125 30 Hoists, all others_____ 1.250 Shovels_____________ 1.500 630 Bulldozers, scrapers. _. 1.200 •30 Caterpillars and trac tors (without at tachments)___ ____ 1.000 « 30 Charleston, W. Va.: Booms, hoists, steam shovels, cranes, cable44 ways, etc__________ 1.250 Concrete mixers, pumps, street rol 44 lers, etc___________ 1.000 Chicago, 111.: Hoists, building_____ 1.500 40 1.313 40 Paving engineers Pumps______________ 1.125 48 1.125 40 Power shovels, Koehring graders, Haiss or Barber Green dig gers, all machines of 48 1.825 like capacity______ 1.825 40 All boilers; curb, side walk, and culvert mixers; air compres sors; dinkey locomo tives; stone crush ers: tamping and finishing machines; material-handling devices and power blades 1.500 48 1.500 40 All rollers, pavers, clamshells, asphalt plants, surfacing and retreading machines, and power graders 1.625 48 1. 625 40 Cincinnati, Ohio: Class A .800 40 .800 40 Class B 1.100 40 1.100 40 Class C ._ .................... 1.250 40 1.250 40 4For broken time on shovels, $1.50 per hour. •May work 40 hours weekly on main highways. M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1935 _§ s. g « © ©A to M g £ a 5 2 § M Building construction C le v e la n d , O h io : H o is t s , d e r r ic k s , l o c o m o t iv e cr a n e s , air c o m p r e s s o r s .................. $1.250 40 $1. 250 40 Road construction S h o v e ls ................................ P a v in g m ix e r s ; p la n t m ix e rs ; g r a d e r o lle rs ; b a c k fillers; c o n n e c t in g m a c h in e s ; tr a c to r s , 30 h . p . o r o v e r . A s p h a lt r o lle r m e n _____ T r e n c h m a c h in e s , tru ck cran es, a ir c o m p r e s s o r s .................. C o l u m b u s , O h io : S h o v e ls ................................ D e r r ic k s , c a b le w a y s . . H o is t s ................................... D r a g lin e , p u l l s h o v e l, tr e n c h m a c h in e s _____ A l l c r a n e s .................. ........ D a lla s , T e x . : H o is t s , c o n c r e t e m ix ers w it h s id e lo a d e r , s h o v e ls , a n d d r a g lin e s ________________ D o u b le -d r u m h o i s t s . . . D a v e n p o r t , I o w a . (S ee R ock I s la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) D a y t o n , O h io : S m a ll e q u i p m e n t ______ H e a v y e q u i p m e n t _____ D e n v e r , C o l o .: B u ild in g e x c a v a t io n — P o w e r -s h o v e l (ro a d s ) „ D e s M o in e s , I o w a _______ D e t r o i t , M i c h ...................... E l P a so, T e x .: H o is t s a h d p o r t a b le m a c h i n e r y . - . .............. D r a g lin e s , s h o v e ls _____ E r ie , P a .: S h o v e l s , d ra g lin e s , p ile d r iv e r s , cra n es, tre n ch ex ca v a tors, a n d d e r r ic k s -------------R o a d r o lle rs , p a v in g m a c h in e s .................. A l l o t h e r s ______ ________ H o u s to n , T e x .: S m a ll.................................... 2 -d r u m h o is t s ........ .......... I n d ia n a p o lis , I n d . : C e m e n t m ix e rs , air c o n d itio n in g , pum ps, w elding m a c h in e s , e t c , ............ C ra n e s , d r a g lin e s , s h o v e ls , d e r r ic k s , p a v in g a n d h o is t in g m a c h in e s _____________ 1. 751) 40 1.750 40 1. 200 1.300 40 40 1.200 1.300 40 40 1.400 40 1.400 40 1.400 1.300 1.250 40 40 40 1.400 1.300 1.200 40 40 40 1.400 1.250 40 40 1.000 1.250 44 44 1.000 44 1.000 1.200 40 40 1.000 1.200 40 40 1.250 1. 250 1.200 1.250 35 40 40 40 1.100 44 1.200 1.250 35 40 1.000 1.250 40 40 1.000 1.250 40 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1.125 1.250 40 40 1.000 1.000 40 40 1.000 1.250 40 40 1.000 40 1.200 44 1.020 40 1.300 44 1.100 40 BATES AND T able 9.— HOURS B Y TRADES AND 31 C IT IE S U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor i n specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d ENGINEERS—Continued May 15,1936 May 15, 1935 Kansas City. Mo.: 1-drum hoists $1. 250 All ethers 1.375 Los Angeles, Calif.: Hoisting and pile drivers____________ 1.250 Steam shovels, draglines______________ 1.250 Trench machines........ 1.250 Tractors, concrete mixers, rollers, locomotives, material hoists, air compressors_____ 1.000 Boom derricks and cranes_____________ 1.125 Louisville, Ky.: .800 Class A_____________ Cl*ss r 1.000 Class O __ 1.100 Madison, WIs.: 1-drum hoists and .900 mixers____________ Derricks, shovels, cranes_____________ 1.200 Memphis, Tenn.: 3-drum hoists, piledriving machines, paving machines---- 1.250 Tractors, 1-drum hoists, street rollers. 1.125 Cnnnrfttfl m irpirs 1.000 Milwaukee, Wis.: Rollers and asphalt plants______________ 1.420 Mixers (building)____ 1.150 Pile-driving machines. 1.240 Dragline and power shovels____________ 1. 350 Back hoes, cranes, clamshells, drag lines, and trench machines (sewer and tunnel wnrlr) 1.500 Minneapolis, Minn.: 2-3 drum hoists, drag lines, asphalt rollers (8 tons or over)------- 1.250 Derricks, steam pumps, stone crush ers, street rollers (8 tons or less)_______ 1.000 Power shovels_______ 1.308 Moline, El. (See Rock Island (HI.) district.) Nashville. Tenn.: 1-drum hoist________ 1.000 2- or 3-drum hoists, shnvAlfi, Aranas 1.250 Newark, N. J .: Brick hoists, compres sors on buildings, mixers and excavat ing machines______ 2.000 » Pile-driving and foun dation machines----- 1.750 Steel hoists, compres sors on steel work... 2.250 40 $1.125 40 1. 250 40 40 40 1.250 40 48 40 1.250 1.250 48 44 40 1.000 44 40 1.125 44 40 40 40 .800 1.000 1.100 40 40 40 40 .900 40 40 1.200 40 44 1. 250 44 44 44 1.125 44 40 40 40 1.420 1.150 1.240 40 40 40 40 1.350 40 40 1.500 40 44 1.250 44 44 44 1.000 1.308 44 44 40 40 40 2.000 40 40 1.750 40 40 2.250 40 New Haven, Conn.: Cranes, derricks, pile drivers...................... $1.275 Steam and power shovels...................... 1.250 All others.................... 1.169 Road construction ma chinery, paving roll ers, pumps, com pressors.................... 1.200 New Orleans, La............ 1.000 New York, N. Y.: Rollers, concrete mix ers, portable air com pressors, pumps, Moore trench ma chines, hoists (build ing material), etc.-_ 1.500 Hoists (stone).............. 1.563 Concrete pumps and pile drivers............... 1.675 Cranes, derricks, hoists (steel)............. 1.750 Shovels........................ 1.875 Oklahoma City, Okla.: Hod hoists and con crete mixers.............. 1.000 Clamshells, derricks, pile drivers________ 1.250 Peoria, HI.: Hoists and construc tion machines.......... 1.250 Shovels, clamshells, cranes....................... 1. 250 Philadelphia. Pa___....... 1.500 Pittsburgh, Pa.: Minor hoisting equip ment.......... - ......... — 1.350 Major hoisting equip ment......................... 1.438 Major excavating equipment............... 1.438 Portland, Maine: Mixers, pumps, ele vators, 1- and 2.900 drum hoists.......... Gas. steam, and elec tric shovels, 3-drum hoists........................ 1.300 Portland, Oreg.: Hoists (100 cubic feet capacity)--------------- 1.000 Hoists, derricks, cranes....................... 1.125 Power shovels............. 1.250 Providence, R. I . . . ....... 1.350 3-drum hoists and shovels...................... 1. 500 Reading Pa................... 1.500 Richmond, Va________ 1.100 Rochester, N. Y ............. 1.250 Rock Island (El.) dis trict: Small machines______ 1.000 Heavy machines......... 1.200 St. Louis, Mo.: Hoists................ ......... 1.350 Hours per week 3 City Rates of wages per hour m© © ft * 8 * u a C O d S Hours per week ■ s* 8 > $ M * M o a * 'a I fi s Rates of wages per hour 8 Ml City May 15,1936 May 15,1935 40 $1.275 40 40 40 1.250 1.169 40 40 48 44 1.200 1.000 48 44 40 40 1.500 1. 563 40 40 40 1.675 40 40 40 1.750 1.875 40 40 44 1.000 44 44 1.250 44 40 1.150 40 40 40 1. 250 1.500 40 40 40 1.375 40 40 1.438 40 40 1.438 44 40 .900 40 40 1.300 40 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.250 1.350 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.500 1.100 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 40 40 32 U N IO N SC A L E S IN B U IL D IN G TRADES T a b l e 9 . — U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d E N G I N E E R S — C o n t in u e d St. Louis, Mo.—Contd. Clamshells, pile drivers, locomotives, cranes, orange peels, 3-drum hoists______ $1.470 St. Paul, Minn.: Derricks, steam pumps, stone crush ers, street rollers of less than 8 tons........ 1.000 2-3-drum hoists, drag lines, asphalt rollers of 8 tons or over____ 1. 250 Power shovels_______ 1.3P8 Salt Lake City, Utah... 1.125 Power grading ma chines_____________ 1.000 Shovels and draglines. 1. 250 San Antonio, Tex.: 1-drum hoists _____ 1.000 2-drum (or over) hoists. 1. 250 Caterpillars__ _______ .950 San Francisco, Calif.: Hoists (building ma terial)_____________ 1.125 Tractors (over 50 hnrsp.pnw p.r) 1.286 Hoists (steel)............. . 1.375 1.428 Road machinery Pile-driving machines. 1. 500 Shovels (power, e t c .) ! 1.667 Scranton, Pa.: Concrete mixers and pumps...................... 1. 250 Derricks____________ 1. 500 Seattle, Wash.: Caterpillars and trac tors---------------------- 1. 000 Bulldozers _______ 1. 200 1-drum hoists (under 20 horsepower)_____ 1. 250 40 $1.470 40 44 1.000 44 44 44 44 1. 250 1. 308 1.125 44 44 44 44 44 40 40 40 1. 000 40 40 1.125 40 35 40 35 30 30 1. 375 40 1. 500 1. 667 30 30 40 40 1. 250 1. 500 40 40 30 30 1.000 1. 200 48 48 30 1.125 30 j Seattle, Wash.—Contd. All other hoists except shovels...................... Steel erection hoists.__ Shovels (road) South Bend, Ind.: Mixers (1-bag capac ity)........................... 1-drum hoists........... . Cranes, shovels, der ricks, 2- (or more) drum hoists............ . Spokane, Wash.: Dinkey engines______ Concrete mixers, bull dozers_____________ Shovels, 3-drum hoists. Springfleld, Mass.: Small mixers.______ 1- or 2-drum hoists___ Road mixers.............. Excavating shovels, cranes, 3-drum hoists........................ Toledo, Ohio: Mixers (1-bag capac ity) ___________ Hoists, pumps, mix ers (over 1 bag ca pacity)____________ Derricks, excavating shovels____________ Washington, D. C.: Pumps and concrete mixers_______ _____ Hoists and pavers____ Shovels, cranes, der ricks, pile drivers, etc________________ Youngstown, Ohio: Small equipment........ Large eciuipment____ $1. 250 1. 375 1. 500 .750 1. 000 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Rates of wages per hour May IS, 1936 May 15, 1935 30 $1.250 30 1.375 30 1. 500 30 30 48 40 40 .750 1.000 40 40 1.100 40 1.100 40 1. 200 40 1.250 1. 500 40 40 .875 1.125 1. 250 40 40 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1.375 40 1. 500 1. 650 40 40 1. 428 1. 500 40 40 1. 850 40 1. 650 40 1. 125 ! 40 1. 250 40 1. 125 l. 250 40 40 ! 40 | 0 550 $. ! 40 ! l.ooo j 40 ! 1.000 40 1.313 ! 40 1 .800 1 40 . 900 i 40 ! 40 1. 000 i 40 1 000 . 40 40 40 40 40 40 G L A Z IE R S Ga ! A t la n t a , ---------------------B a lt im o r e , Md________ B ir m in g h a m , .. B o s t o n , M a s s ------------------B u ffa lo , N. Y ............ B u t t e , M o n t _____________ C h a r le s t o n , W. --------C h ic a g o , 111---------------------C in c in n a t i, O h io ________ C le v e la n d , O h io ................. S te e l s a s h ......................... C o lu m b u s , O h io ___ D a lla s , T e x . - l .................... D a v e n p o r t , I o w a . (See R o c k I s la n d (111.) dis t r ic t .) D a y t o n , O h io .......... ............ D e n v e r , C o l o _____________ D e s M o in e s , I o w a ............. D e t r o it , M i c h ------- ---------D u lu t h , M i n n ----------------- Ala........ Va 40 $0. 850 40 1. 000 40 1. 000 40 1.125 ! 40 1. 000 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 35 1. 703 40 1. 250 40 1. 125 40 1. 250 40 40 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 1.200 .850 1.000 40 44 35 1.000 40 35 40 40 .650 48 .650 1.000 1. 000 1. 125 1.000 1.250 1. 000 1. 703 1. 250 1. 250 1. 375 1.000 .875 1. 200 1.000 1,125 1. 000 40 40 48 _ Grand Rapids, Mich_ ko. 600 Houston, Tex_________ 1.000 . Indianapolis, Ind______ 1 150 Kansas City, Mo______ 1.375 Louisville, Ky_________ .800 .900 Manchester, N. H _____ Memphis, Term _ __ _ . 650 Milwaukee, W is........ . 1.000 Minneapolis, Minn____ 1.000 Moline, 1 1 (See Rock 1. Island (111.) district.) . 550 Nashville, Tenn_______ . Newark, N. J_________ 1 200 New Haven, Conn_____ 1.000 . 750 New Orleans, La______ New York, N. Y ........ . 1. 400 . 750 Norfolk, Va................... . 800 Omaha, Nebr_________ Peoria, 1 1 1 ....................... 1. 125 Philadelphia, Pa______ 1. 050 Pittsburgh, Pa............ 1. 200 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .500 1. 125 1.000 . 750 1. 400 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.050 1.200 40 40 40 RATES AND HOURS T able BY 33 TRADES AND CITIES 9 . — U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d G L A Z IE R S —C o n t in u e d Portland, Oreg-------------Providence, R. I _______ Rochester, N . Y _______ Rock Island (111.) dis trict................................ St. Louis, M o__________ St. Paul, Minn______ . Salt Lake City, U ta h ... San Antonio, Tex---------- $1.000 .750 1.050 1.000 1.500 1. 000 .900 1. 000 40 $0.970 40 .750 40 1.050 30 40 40 40 40 40 48 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1. 500 1.000 .900 1.000 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 $1.000 1.063 1.000 1.000 1.000 1. 300 .950 1. 200 35 $1,000 30 1.063 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 .950 40 1.200 35 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 Philadelphia, Pa_______ $1 , 0 0 0 Pittsburgh, Pa_________ 1. 250 Portland, Maine_______ 1 . 0 0 0 Portland, Oreg............. 1 . 0 0 0 Providence, R. T 1 .0 0 0 Machine_____________ 1.125 Richmond, Va 1 .0 0 0 St. Louis, M o__________ 1 . 0 0 0 Surface machine____ 1.063 San Francisco, Calif____ 1 . 0 0 0 Outside.____ 1 .1 0 0 1 .0 0 0 Seattle, Wash __ Springfield, Mass______ 1 . 0 0 0 Toledo, Ohio.. 1 .0 0 0 Machine_____________ 1.050 Washington, D. O_____ 1. 250 Outside______________ 1. 500 Worcester, Mass 1.125 Outside and machine. 1.156 40 $1 . 0 0 0 40 1. 250 44 1 . 0 0 0 «44 1 . 0 0 0 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 1.125 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 1.063 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 1.063 44 1 . 0 0 0 44 1 . 0 0 0 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 1.050 40 1. 250 40 1.500 44 1.125 44 1.156 40 40 44 San Francisco, Calif____ Seattle, Wash__________ South Bend, Ind_______ Springfield, Mass........ . Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C _____ Worcester, Mass_______ Youngstown, Ohio.......... G R A N IT E C U T T E R S Baltimore, Md Boston, Mass__________ Buffalo, N. Y ................... Surface machine oper ator Bnt.ta, Moot Chicago, Til __ Cincinnati, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio _ Supplying own tools.. Shop Dallas, T ex.................... . Denver, Colo__________ Machine workers Des Moines, Iowa______ Houston, Tex__________ Manchester, N . H _____ Newark, N . J__________ New Haven, Conn_____ New York, N. Y _______ Machine_____ _______ $1 . 0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1.063 1.156 1.063 1.375 1.250 1.125 1. 500 1 .0 0 0 1. 000 1.125 81. 125 1. 00 0 1. 00 0 1 .0 0 0 1. 250 1. 00 0 1. 250 1.313 44 $1 . 0 0 0 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 1.063 40 744 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.156 1.063 1.375 1.250 44 40 40 7 40 44 40 40 1.188 40 1 .0 0 0 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.156 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1 .0 0 0 1. 250 1 .0 0 0 1. 250 1.313 944 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 LATHERS Atlanta, Ga______ _____ Baltimore, Md__............. Birmingham, Ala______ Boston, Mass.................. Buffalo, N. Y .................. Butte, Mont_____ _____ Charleston, W . Va......... Chicago, 111____________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, Ohio_______ Columbus, Ohio_______ Dallas, Tex................... . Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio____ ____ _ Denver, Colo_............. . Des Moines, Iowa....... . Detroit, Mich___........ . Duluth, Minn........ ........ Grand Rapids, Mich.: Wood...... ...................... Wire and metal______ $1,000 1. 250 1.000 1.500 1. 250 1. 625 1.100 1. 500 1.313 1. 500 1. 200 1. 000 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.500 1. 250 4C 40 40 30 40 1.500 1.313 1. 375 1. 200 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1. 250 1.429 1.250 1.200 40 35 35 40 40 1.200 1.100 1.429 1. 250 1.200 40 40 35 40 40 .600 1. 050 40 40 .800 .800 40 40 Houston, T e x ............. $1. 250 Indianapolis, Ind__....... 1. 200 Little Rock, Ark.: 1. 000 Metal.......................... . 750 Wood______________ 1. 250 Los Angeles, Calif_____ Louisville, Ky.: 1. 000 Metal_________ _____ 5. 000 Wood___________ ___ Madison, Wis_________ 1.200 Memphis, Tenn.: 1.125 Metal....... .............. . 1.000 Wood....................... 1. 200 Milwaukee, Wis__........ Minneapolis, Minn____ 1.250 Moline, 1 1 (See Rock 1. Island (111.) district.) 1. 250 Nashville, Tenn........ . 1. 625 Newark, N. J............ . New Haven, Conn.: 1.275 Metal.................. ....... Wood________ ____ _ io 6. 500 1. 000 New Orleans, La______ 40 40 $1.000 1. 200 40 40 40 40 30 1.000 .750 1. 250 40 40 30 40 40 40 1.100 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 30 1. 125 1.000 1. 200 1.200 40 40 40 30 40 40 1.100 1.625 40 40 40 1. 275 40 io 6. 500 40 1.000 40 40 40 7 40 hours per week, June to January inclusive. * Increase of 60 cents per day over inside workers for inside building work and 75 cents per day for outside building work. • 40 hours per week, June to August and December to February, inclusive. Per 1,000 laths. 34 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T able 9.— U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d L A T H E R S —C o n t in u e d 24 24 40 1.200 1.375 1.500 24 24 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.000 1.200 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 40 40 r« 7.400 40 1.250 30 1.200 40 40 35 Salt Lake City, Utah: First class____________ $1.250 1.100 Second class........... ....... 1.000 San Antonio, T ex______ San Francisco, Calif.: 1.250 Class A .......................... 1.050 Class B ____ _________ Scranton, Pa 1.200 Seattle, Wash.: M etal.... 1.375 1.250 W ood________________ South Rend, Tnd__ 1. 200 1.200 Spokane, W ash................ Springfield, Mass.: 1.250 Wire and metal______ W ood_____ __________ io 6.000 1.250 Toledo, Ohio_____ ____ _ Washington, D . C .......... 1.500 Wichita, Kans.: Metal .875 .875 W ood........— ............ 1.500 Worcester, M ass_______ 1.250 Youngstown, Ohio____ 48 48 40 $1.250 1.100 1.000 30 30 40 30 30 40 1.250 1.050 1.200 30 30 40 30 30 40 30 1.375 1.250 1. 200 1.200 30 30 40 30 40 40 35 40 1.250 40 1.000 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 .625 1. 250 1. 250 40 40 40 40 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 C ity Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour 35 $1. 500 40 ion 40 1.500 40 1. 400 40 1.000 40 1. 230 40 1.250 .0 0 0 M a y 15,1936 M ay 15,1935 Hours per week New York, N . Y .: W ood............................. $1. 714 B o ........................... 1°11.000 1. 500 W i r e ...................... ....... 1.400 M e ta l........................... 1.000 Oklahoma City, O k la ... 1.200 Omaha, N ebr__________ 1. 250 Peoria, 111______________ Philadelphia, Pa.: 1.200 W ood............................. Metal __ _____ _ 1. 375 1. 500 Pittsburgh, Pa_________ Portland, Oreg.: Metal and wood, first 1.200 class _ . . ________ 1.000 W ood, second class___ 1. 200 Providence, R . I ___ ___ 1. 250 Reading, P a____ ____ Rock Island (111.) dis 1.250 trict _ ______________ St. Louis, M o.: W ood...... ....................... io 7.400 1.375 Metal . ____________ 1. 250 St. Paul, M in n .............. Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1936 M ay 15, 1935 M ARBLE SETTERS Atlanta, Ga^................._. Baltimore, M d-------------Birmingham, Ala __ Rnstnn, Mass _ Buffalo, N . Y . ____ Butte, Mont __ Charleston, S. C _____ _ Charleston, W . Va_____ Chieagn, T il Cincinnati, Ohio. ___ Cleveland, Ohio CnliiTphns, Ohio Balias, Tex____________ Bavenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) ■Dayton, Ohio Benver, Colo.__.......... . Des Moines, Tow __ n. Detroit, Mich_ Dnlnt.h, Minn El Paso, Tex._............. . . Erie, Pa Grand Rapids, Mich___ TTonston, Ter Indianapolis, Ind Jacksonville, Fla Kansas City, Mo Little Rock, Ark_______ T,os Angeles, Calif Louisville, K y_________ Madison, Wis Memphis, Tenn _ __ Milwaukee, W is_______ Minneapolis, Minn........ » Per 1,000 laths. ® $1.125 1. 250 1. 250 1.300 1. 250 1. 625 1. 000 1. 333 1. 500 1. 375 1. 250 1. 250 1. 375 1.000 1. 250 1. 375 1. 250 1.000 1. 250 1.250 1. 250 1.250 1.300 1.000 1. 375 1.000 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.375 1.050 1.200 40 $1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1.100 40 1. 300 40 1. 250 30 1. 625 44 1.000 40 1. 333 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.325 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.100 1. 375 1. 250 1.000 1. 250 1. 250 1.250 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.375 1.000 1. ooo 1. 250 1.000 1. 375 1.050 1.125 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__ New Haven, Conn_____ New Orleans, La_______ New York, N . Y Norfolk, Va____________ Oklahoma City, O kla... Omaha, Nebr__________ Peoria, Til Philadelphia, Pa............. Pittsburgh, Pa Portland, Maine ___ Portland, Oreg...... .......... Reading, Pa.................... Richmond, Va................. Rochester, N . Y ............ . Rock Island (111.) dis trict................................ St. Louis, M o__________ St. Paul, Minn..... .......... Salt Lake City, U ta h ... San Antonio, Tex______ San Francisco, Calif____ Scranton, Pa Seattle, Wash__________ South Bend, Tnd Spokane, Wash___ *___ Springfield, Mass______ Toledo, Ohio.................... Washington, D. C _____ Wichita, Kans_________ Worcester, Mass_______ Youngstown, Ohio.......... $1. 375 1.200 1.000 1.500 1.375 1.000 1.125 1. 375 1.375 1. 250 1.250 1.000 1.375 1.250 1.200 1.000 1.375 1. 200 1. 250 1.125 1.125 1.500 1. 375 1.250 1.375 1.375 1.250 1.500 1.250 1.300 1.125 40 $1. 375 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.375 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1.200 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.375 1.125 1.125 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.500 1.375 40 40 30 1.375 1.375 1.000 1.500 40 40 40 40 1.300 L 125 40 40 35 KATES AND HOURS BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 9 . — U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor i n specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d M O S A IC A N D T E R R A Z Z O W O R K E R S Atlanta, Ga ____ ________ $1.000 Baltimore, M d __________ 1.188 Birmingham, A la _______ 1.250 Boston, M ass___________ 1.250 Buffalo, N . Y ____ ______ 1.188 Butte, M on t.....................- 1.625 Chicago, 111....................... . 1.375 Cincinnati, Ohio________ 1.150 1.188 Cleveland, Ohio.......... . Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio— ............... 1.000 Denver, Colo..... ............. . 1.250 1.250 E l Paso, Tex.................... Erie, Pa........................ ...... 1.250 Grand Rapids, M ich ___ 1.000 1. 250 Houston, T ex ............... Indianapolis, In d_______ 1. 000 Jacksonville, Fla________ 1.000 Kansas C ity, Mo______ 1.000 Little Rock, Ark________ 1.000 Louisville, K y __________ 1.250 .900 Madison, W is ___________ 1.100 Memphis, Tenn________ Milwaukee, W is _______ 1.200 Minneapolis, M in n ......... 1.250 40 $1.000 40 1.188 40 1. 000 40 1.250 40 1.188 30 1.625 40 1. 375 40 1.150 40 1.188 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.100 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1. 250 .900 1.000 1. 200 1. 250 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn________ New Haven, Conn....... New Orleans, La............. New York, N . Y . ......... Oklahoma City, Okla__. Peoria, 111....................... Philadelphia, Pa............. Pittsburgh, Pa................. Richmond, Va_________ Rochester, N. Y _______ Rock Island (111.) dis trict_________________ St. Louis, M o____ _____ St. Paul, Minn— ........ San Ant.nnio, Ter Scranton, Pa_................... Seattle, Wash...... ........ . South Bend, Ind_______ Spokane, Wash............... Springfield, Mass........ . Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D. C _____ Worcester, Mass_______ Youngstown, Ohio_____ Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,193 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15, 1936 M a y 15,1935 40 $1.250 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1.438 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.200 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.175 1.000 40 40 44 1.250 1.250 40 30 1.125 1.375 1.250 1.300 1,300 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $0,900 40 1.000 40 1.000 35 1.000 40 40 40 35 .925 1.500 1.000 1.063 .750 40 36 40 40 40 .800 40 1.000 1.063 .750 40 40 40 1.285 1. 500 1. 286 .750 1. 000 .800 1.000 1.000 1.200 1.000 .900 900 .800 1.050 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 1.285 1. 286 1. 286 .750 1.000 .800 1.000 1.000 1.200 1.000 .900 .900 .800 1.050 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 1.000 40 40 1. 250 35 1.000 1.250 35 1.000 - 35 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 35 40 1.000 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.250 .900 .900 1.000 1.000 1,000 40 40 35 35 35 40 40 35 40 $1,000 1.200 1.000 1.438 1.000 1.000 1. 250 1.250 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.175 1.000 1.125 1. 250 1. 250 1.000 1.125 1.375 1. 250 1.300 1.300 1.000 40 32 44 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 P A IN T E R S Atlanta, Ga...................... Baltimore, Md________ Birmingham, A la______ Boston, M ass__________ Buffalo, N. Y _............. Paint sprayers_______ Butte, M o n t ................ . Charleston, S. C _______ Charleston, W . V a-------Chicago, 111...................... Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, Ohio............... Fresco painters_______ Columbus, Ohio.............. Dallas, T ex....................... Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio________ __ Denver, C olo__________ Des Moines, Iowa........... Detroit, M ich .................. Fresco painters_______ Duluth, M in n ................. El Paso, Tex............. ....... Erie, Pa.......................... Grand Rapids, M ich ___ Fresco painters_______ Houston, T ex...... ............ Indianapolis, In d ............ Jacksonville, Fla........... Kansas City, M o ............ Little Rock, A rk ............ Los Angeles, Calif........... Louisville, K y ................. Madison, W is.................. $0. 850 1. 000 1.000 1.125 1. 000 1. 280 1. 250 .550 1.000 1.500 1. 200 1. 250 1. 300 1. 000 .875 1.100 1.250 1.125 1.000 1. 250 .875 1.000 .900 .900 1.000 1.000 1.150 .750 1.125 .875 1.000 .900 .900 40 $0.850 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1. 280 40 1.250 44 .550 40 1.000 30 1. 333 40 1.200 35 1.200 35 1. 200 40 1.000 40 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 30 40 35 35 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 1.100 1.000 .800 1.000 .875 1.000 .750 .900 40 35 35 40 40 40 35 40 40 1.000 1.000 .750 1.125 .875 1.000 .900 ,900 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Manchester, N. H _____ Memphis, Tenn____ Milwaukee, W is_______ Minneapolis, Minn____ Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn.............. Spray painters___ ___ Newark, N. J__________ New Haven, Conn......... New Orleans, L a.......... . New York, N. Y .: Rate A ....................... . Rate B.................. ........ Rate C______ ________ Norfolk, Va____________ Oklahoma City, Okla. Omaha, Nebr____ _____ Peoria, 111.................. ....... Philadelphia, Pa_______ Pittsburgh, Pa_________ Portland, Oreg____ ____ Providence, R. I _______ Reading, Pa.......... .......... Richmond, V a .............. Rochester, N. Y _ _ ____ Rock Island (111.) dis trict_________ _______ St. Louis, M o__________ St. Paul, M inn__......... Fresco painters_______ Salt Lake City, U ta h ... Fresco painters............ San Antonio, Tex______ San Francisco, Calif____ Scranton, Pa_____ _____ $0.900 1. 000 1. 000 1.000 36 T a b le UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 9.— U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f la b o r i n s p e c i f ie d tr a d e s , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 a n d M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y c itie s — Continued , PAIN TER S—Continued Seattle, W ash______ South Bend, Ind______ Spokane, Wash________ Springfield, Mass______ Fresco paintors Toledo, Ohio__________ $1.125 .825 1. 000 1.000 1. 375 1.150 30 $1.125 40 1.000 35 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.375 35 1.150 30 40 35 40 40 35 $1. 375 Washington, D. C . 750 Wichita, Kans ______ Worcester, Mass ____ .950 York, Pa _____ .650 Youngstown, Ohio 1. 200 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15, 1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15, 1935 35 $1.375 44 .700 40 .950 40 . 700 40 1. 200 35 44 40 40 40 40 $1.100 40 1.500 40 1. 200 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.125 1. 500 1.375 1. 500 1.125 1. 200 1. 200 1.250 1.100 1. 250 40 30 40 40 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 500 1. 500 1.100 1. 000 1. 200 1. 500 1.375 1. 500 1.125 1.200 1. 200 1. 250 1.100 1. 250 40 40 40 30 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 250 1.500 1.250 1. 500 1. 250 1.250 1. 200 1. 500 1. 250 1. 500 1. 375 1.375 1.500 1.000 1. 300 1.250 40 40 35 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 40 30 40 40 40 1. 250 1. 500 1.250 1. 500 1.000 1. 250 1.200 1. 500 1. 200 1.500 1.375 1.250 1.500 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 40 30 1.300 1.250 40 40 44 $1.000 44 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 35 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 PLASTERERS A t la n t a , G a ______________ $ 1,000 B a lt im o r e , M d ___________ 1. 250 B ir m in g h a m , A l a .............. 1 . 000 1.375 B o s t o n , M a s s .................. .. 1. 330 B u ffa lo , N . Y ____________ B u t t e , M o n t _ .............. ........ 1. 625 C h a r le s t o n , S. C _________ 1.00 0 1 .10 0 C h a r le s t o n , W . V a ______ C h a r lo t t e , N . C __________ 1. 250 1 . 500 C h ic a g o , I l l _ _ _ ................ .. C in c in n a t i, O h io _________ 1.375 1. 500 C le v e la n d , O h i o .......... — C o lu m b u s , O h io _________ 1 . 200 D a lla s , T e x ........................... 1.250 D a v e n p o r t , I o w a . (S ee R ock I s la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) D a y t o n , O h io ............ .......... 1 . 200 D e n v e r , C o l o _____________ 1 .10 0 D e s M o in e s , I o w a ----------- 1. 375 1. 250 D e t r o i t , M i c h . ................ D u lu t h , M i n n . . ................ 1.2 0 0 1.250 E l P a s o , T e x _____________ E r ie , P a _________ _________ 1.20 0 G r a n d R a p id s , M i c h ____ 1.00 0 H o u s t o n , T e x ...................... 1. 250 I n d ia n a p o lis , I n d ________ 1.325 1.00 0 J a c k s o n v ille , F l a ________ K a n s a s C i t y , M o ________ 1.325 1 . 000 L i t t le R o c k , A r k ________ L o s A n g e le s , C a lif............. 1. 250 L o u is v ille , K y ................... .. 1.00 0 M a d i s o n , W i s . . . .............. .. 1.20 0 M a n c h e s t e r , N . H ............. 1. 300 1. 250 M e m p h i s , T e n n ________ 1 . 200 M ilw a u k e e , W i s ____ . . . M in n e a p o lis , Minn____ 1.250 M o li n e , 1 1 (S ee R ock 1. I s la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) 40 40 40 30 40 30 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 30 $ 1,000 1.250 1.00 0 1.375 1.500 1. 625 1.00 0 ~ L 250 1.500 1.375 1.375 1 . 200 1.00 0 1 . 200 1 .10 0 1.375 1. 250 1 . 200 1.00 0 1.2 0 0 1. 250 1 . 000 1.20 0 1.00 0 1. 325 1 . 000 1. 250 1 .10 0 1.00 0 1.300 1. 250 1.20 0 1.250 40 40 40 30 30 30 44 " ’ "44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 Nashville, Tenn----------Newark, N. J____ _____ New Haven, Conn.___ New Orleans, La........ . New York, N. Y.: Rate A______________ Rate B.......... ......... Norfolk, V a .......... ........ Oklahoma City, Okla... Omaha, Nebr............... Peoria, 1 1 1 _____________ Philadelphia, Pa.......... Pittsburgh, Pa__............ Portland, Maine______ Portland, Oreg________ Providence, R. I____ _ Reading, Pa__________ Richmond, Va________ Rochester, N. Y ------ -Rock Island (111.) dis trict........ .............. ...... St. Louis, M o................ St. Paul, Minn__........ Salt Lake City, Utah... San Antonio, Tex______ San Francisco, Calif___ Scranton, Pa............. Seattle, Wash_________ South Bend, Ind______ Spokane, Wash________ Springfield, Mass______ Toledo, Ohio............. . Washington, D. C......... Wichita, Kans________ Worcester, Mass_______ Youngstown, Ohio........ $1. 250 1.500 1.200 1. 000 1. 500 1. 500 1.10 0 P L U M B E R S A N D G A S F IT T E R S Atlanta, Ga_____________________ Baltimore, Md________ Birmingham, Ala______ Boston, Mass_________ Buffalo, N. Y ................... Butte, Mont........... ................. Gas fitters___________ Charleston, S. C_______ Charleston, W. Va_________ Charlotte, N. C__................... ... Chicago, 111_____________________ Cincinnati, Ohio______ Cleveland, Ohio................. ... Columbus, Ohio........................... $1. 250 . 100 1. 250 1. 250 1.200 1.700 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.100 1.500 1.250 1.375 1.200 1 40 $1. 250 40 1.100 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 . 200 30 1.700 40 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.100 44 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.200 1 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 Dallas, Tex___________ Davenport, Iowa, (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_________ Denver, Colo................ Des Moines, Iowa.......... Detroit, Mich—....... ...... Duluth, Minn_________ El Paso, Tex................... Erie, Pa........ .................. Grand Rapids, Mich___ Houston, Tex....... ......... Indianapolis, Ind........... $1. 500 1.200 1.300 1. 250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.500 1. 250 1.200 1.143 1.250 1.250 1.200 1.250 1.200 .900 1.000 1. 200 37 BATES AND HOURS BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 9. — U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f la b o r i n s p e c i f ie d tr a d e s , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , a n d M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y c itie s — Continued P L U M B E R S A N D G A S F I T T E R S - C o n t in u e d Jacksonville, Fla ------- $1.000 . Kansas City, Mo. ------ 1 250 Little Rock, Ark---------- 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif........ . 1.125 . Louisville, Ky------------- 1 125 Madison, Wis................. 1.200 Manchester, N. H -------- 1.000 Memphis, Tenn............. 1.250 Milwaukee, Wis............. 1. 200 Minneapolis, M i n n _ 1.200 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn........... 1.100 Newark, N. J.: Rate A......................... 1.250 Rate B— ................... 1. 400 New Haven, Conn------- 1.000 New Orleans, La---------- 1.050 New York, N. Y.: Rate A........ ........... --- 1. 500 Rate B.................. ...... 1.400 Norfolk, V a ---------------- 1.100 Oklahoma City, Okla_-- 1.000 Peoria, 1 1 1 -------------------- 1. 250 1.200 Philadelphia, P a ------Pittsburgh, Pa------- - _ 1.500 1.000 Portland, Maine---------- 40 $1.000 40 1. 250 36 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.125 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.200 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 40 40 40 40 44 1.250 1.400 1.200 1.050 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 1.500 1. 400 1.100 1.000 1.200 1.200 1. 500 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 Portland, Oreg________ Providence, R. I............ Reading, Pa___________ Richmond, Va............ . Rochester, N. Y _______ Rock Island (111.) dis trict: Davenport, Iowa, and Rock Island, 1 1 1 ____ Moline, 11 1__________ St. Louis, Mo....... ......... St. Paul, Minn________ Salt Lake City, Utah... San Antonio, Tex. ___ San Francisco, Calif....... Scranton, Pa------------ Seattle, W ash.......... . South Bend, Ind.......... . Spokane, Wash.......... . Springfield, Mass______ Toledo, Ohio ................. Washington, D. C_____ Wichita, Kans________ Worcester, Mass_______ York, Pa_____________ Youngstown, Ohio____ $1. 200 1. 200 1.200 1.000 1.200 1. 250 1. 200 1. 438 1.200 1.100 1. 250 1.100 1. 200 1. 375 1.125 1.200 1.200 1.200 1. 500 .900 1. 200 . 850 1. 200 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15, 1936 May 15, 1935 30 40 $1. 200 40 1. 200 44 1.100 40 1.200 40 4 .0 40 40 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 1.250 1.200 1.438 1.200 1.100 1.000 1.100 1.200 1. 375 1.125 1. 200 1.200 1.200 1. 500 1.100 1.200 .850 1. 200 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 35 48 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 $ 1 . 281 40 1. 285 40 n 44 .7 5 0 n 44 .9 0 0 40 1. 250 40 1.350 30 .9 0 0 40 .9 5 0 40 40 R O O F E R S , C O M P O S IT IO N Atlanta, Ga Foremen ________ Baltimore, Md________ Boston, M ass_______ Buffalo, N. Y ___________ Chicago, 111_____________ Foremen ___________ Cincinnati, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio_______ Foremen........................ Columbus, Ohio___ Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) d is trict.) Dayton, Ohio _______ Foremen.................... "Dp.nvp.r, Colo $ 1,000 1. 100 .9 0 0 1.175 .8 5 0 1.500 1. 750 1. 025 1. 275 1. 400 .8 0 0 40 $ 1 . 000 1 .10 0 40 40 .9 0 0 40 1.175 40 .8 5 0 40 1. 500 1.750 40 1. 025 40 40 1.150 40 1. 250 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 .8 5 0 1.000 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .6 0 0 40 1.00 0 1 .10 0 1. 125 .9 0 0 Detroit, Mich________ Kansas City. Mo......... . 1.000 Foramen Milwaukee, Wis______ Minneapolis, Minn-----Moline, 1 1 (See Rock 1. Island, 111., (district.) Nashville, Tenn ii 40 hours June to August, inclusive. .8 5 0 .9 5 0 1.000 1 .10 0 1.00 0 1.125 .7 5 0 1.000 Newark, N. J____________ $ 1 . 281 New York, N. Y _______ 1. 285 Peoria, 111_________________ 1.000 Philadelphia, Pa............ .8 5 0 Foremen_______________ 1. 000 Pittsburgh, Pa__.......... 1. 250 Foremen____________ 1. 350 Portland, Oreg_______ .9 0 0 Rochester, N. Y _______ . 950 Rock Island (111.) dis trict . 1.125 Foremen___________ 1. 250 St. Louis, Mo_________ 1. 250 Foremen___________ 1. 375 St. Paul, Minn________ 1 000 . San Francisco, Calif___ 1.000 Scranton, Pa_______ _ 1. 125 Seattle, Wash............... 1.125 South Bend, Ind._....... . .9 0 0 Springfield, Mass........... 1. 200 Toledo, Ohio................ . 1.125 Washington, D. C_____ .8 5 0 Foremen____________ 1 .10 0 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.000 Foremen_________ __ 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.250 1. 250 1. 375 40 40 40 40 30 40 1.20 0 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .7 5 0 1. 000 .8 0 0 1.000 30 40 40 40 1. 000 1.000 1. 000 1.125 .9 0 0 38 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T able 9*— U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f la b o r i n s p e c i f ie d tr a d e s, M a y I S , 1 9 3 6 , a n d M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y c itie s — Continued R O O F E R S , S L A T E A N D T IL E Atlanta, Ga.................... $1,000 Baltimore, M d .. 1.250 Birmingham, Ala 1.000 Boston, Mass 1.175 Chicago, 11 1______ ____ _ 1.500 Cincinnati, Ohio______ 1.075 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1. 375 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1.000 Dayton, Ohio____ _____ 1.150 Denver, Colo__________ 1.125 Detroit, Mich_________ 1.000 Kansas City, Mo______ 1. 000 Milwaukee, Wis_______ 1. 200 Minneapolis, Minn____ 1.000 Newark, N. J_________ 1. 500 New Haven, Conn____ 1.000 New York, N. Y .......... . 1. 578 40 $1,000 40 .900 40 40 1.175 40 1.500 40 1.075 40 1.375 40 1.000 40 1.000 35 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1.578 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Oklahoma City, Okla_._ $1,000 1.000 1.500 .900 1.100 Reading, Pa__________ 1. 200 Rochester, N. Y ______ .950 St. Louis, Mo 1. 500 St. Paul, Minn........ ..... 1.000 1.000 San Francisco, Calif Scranton, Pa _ 1.125 Seattle, Wash................. 1.125 South Bend, Tnd 1.000 Springfield, Mass. . . 1. 200 Toledo, Ohio _ 1.125 Washington, D. C_____ 1.500 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1. 250 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May IS,1936 May 15,1935 40 $0.875 40 40 1.500 40 .900 40 1.000 35 1.200 40 .950 40 1.500 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.200 40 40 1.500 40 1.000 40 40 $0.875 1.400 1.125 .900 1. 400 1.000 .875 1.125 1. 250 1. 250 .900 1.000 1.100 1.050 1.000 1. 250 1.100 .900 1. 250 1.100 1.125 1. 250 1.000 1.000 1. 200 1. 000 1. 500 .850 1.250 40 40 $1. 400 40 1.000 40 .900 40 1.400 40 .875 40 .875 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.313 40 .900 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.050 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 .900 35 40 1. 250 40 .900 40 1.125 30 1. 250 40 1.000 35 1.000 40 1.200 .900 40 40 1.500 40 .850 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 44 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 250 1.500 1. 250 1.400 1.250 1.250 40 $1. 250 40 1.500 44 1. 250 40 1.400 40 1.250 44 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 44 Peoria. Ill Pittsburgh, Pa Portland, Maine Providence, R. I 44 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 25 SHEET M E TA L W O R K E RS Atlanta, Ga................. . Baltimore, Md.......... . B ir m in g h a m , Ala Boston, Mass........... ...... Buffalo, N. Y ................. Butte, Mont................... Chicago, 1 1 1 ..................... Cincinnati, Ohio............ Cleveland, Ohio............. Columbus, Ohio............. Dallas, Tex................... Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio............... . Denver, Colo------ -------Des Moines, Iowa_____ Detroit, Mich— .......... Duluth, Minn.............. El Paso, Tex................... Houston, Tex............... Indianapolis, Ind........... Kansas City, Mo______ Los Angeles, Calif-------Louisville, Ky................ Madison, Wis_________ Manchester, N. H.: First class 1 ................ 3 Second class 1 .......... . 3 Memphis, Tenn_______ Milwaukee, Wis---------Minneapolis, Minn____ $1,000 1.125 1.000 1.175 1.000 1.250 1.375 1. 075 1.250 1.000 1.250 40 $1,000 40 1.125 40 40 1.175 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 1.075 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.150 1. 250 1.250 1.000 .900 1.250 1.375 1.150 1.250 1.000 . 850 .950 40 35 40 <0 * 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.125 1.000 1.000 .850 1.250 1. 250 1.200 1. 250 .875 .850 .850 40 40 35 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 .750 .750 1.000 1.000 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 .750 .900 1.000 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 Moline, HI. (See Rock Island (HI.) district.) Nashville, Tenn_______ Newark, N. J................. New Haven, Conn_____ New Orleans, La______ New York, N. Y ............ Oklahoma, Okla_______ Omaha, Nebr............... Peoria, 1 1 1 ....................... Philadelphia, Pa............ Pittsburgh, Pa............... Portland, Maine....... Portland, Oreg............ __ Providence, R. I__......... Rochester, N. Y ......... Rock Island (111.) district. St. Louis, M o......... ...... St. Paul, Minn________ Salt Lake City, Utah___ San Antonio, Tex........... San Francisco, Calif____ Scranton, Pa............... __ Seattle, Wash................. South Bend, Ind......... . Spokane, Wash........... . Springfield, Mass........... Toledo, Ohio__________ Washington, D. C_____ York, Pa......................... Youngstown, Ohio......... S IG N P A IN T E R S 40 $1,000 40 Charleston, W. Va......... Atlanta, G a __________ $1,000 40 1.125 40 Chicago, 111..................... Baltimore, M d .______ 1.125 Birmingham, Ala _ _ 1. 375 40 Cincinnati, Ohio______ 35 1.375 40 Cleveland, Ohio........... . 40 1.375 Boston, Mass_________ 1.250 RnfTfdn N. V 40 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 Dallas, Tex_____ ______ Butte, Mont................... 1.250 » First and second class distinction discontinued July 1, 1935. 39 RATES AND HOURS BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 9. — U n io n scales o f w ages and hours o f labor in specified trades , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d S IG N P A IN T E R S —C o n t in u e d Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio................. $1.350 Denver, Colo.................. 1.125 D as MniriAS, Tnwa 1.000 Detroit, Mich....... ......... 1.250 Duluth, Minn___........... 1.000 Grand Rapids, Mich___ 1.000 Houston, Tex................. 1.250 Indianapolis, Ind........... 1.125 Jacksonville, Fla............ .750 Kansas City, Mo........... 1.500 Los Angeles, Calif.......... 1.350 Louisville, Ky................ 1.125 Manchester, N. H.......... .900 Memphis, Tenn............. 1.125 1. 250 Milwaukee, Wis......... Minneapolis, Minn........ 1.250 Moline, 11 . (See Rock 1 Island (HI.) district.) Nashville, Tenn............ 1.000 Newark, N. J . . . ............ 1.000 New Orleans, La............ 1.125 New York, N. Y.: Inside.......................... 2.100 2.100 Outside.................... 1.000 Norfolk, V a ............... Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 40 $1,300 40 1.000 40 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 .750 40 1.275 40 1.000 44 1.125 40 .900 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 L 250 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.000 1.000 40 40 40 35 35 40 1.890 2.100 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40. 40 May 15 ,,1936 May 15,1935 S §> City O'* c S « Oklahoma City, Okla.. Pictorial................... . Omaha, Nebr____ ____ Pictorial___________ Peoria, 111............. ........ Philadelphia, Pa........... Pittsburgh, Pa............. Portland, Oreg.............. Providence, E. I.......... Richmond, Va_______ Rochester, N. Y ......... Rock Island (111.) dis trict.......................... St. Louis, Mo............ St. Paul, Minn........ . Salt Lake City, Utah... San Antonio, Tex_____ San Francisco, Calif___ Seattle, Wash............... South Bend, Ind.......... Spokane, Wash............. Springfield, Mass......... Toledo, Ohio_________ Washington, D. C........ Wichita, Kans__.......... Worcester, Mass______ Youngstown, Ohio____ $1,000 1. 250 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.300 1.500 1.250 1.000 1.160 1.200 . . . . . 1.063 1.500 1. 250 1.000 1.063 1.350 1.350 .800 1.000 1.375 1. 250 1.500 .800 .950 1.250 M i £ & i o tn 40 $0,750 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.050 40 1.300 40 1.375 35 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.160 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 44 40 30 44 35 44 40 40 44 40 40 1.063 1.500 1.250 .900 1.063 1. 350 1.350 1.000 1.000 1.375 1. 250 1.500 .950 1.120 S T E A M A N D S P R IN K L E R F IT T E R S Atlanta, Ga.................... Baltimore, Md________ Sprinkler fitters-------Birmingham, Ala______ Boston, Mass, (sprin kler fitters only)_____ Buffalo, N. Y _________ Sprinkler fitters.......... Butte, Mont............ ...... Charleston, S. C_______ Charleston, W. Va....... . Charlotte, N. C_....... . Chicago, 111.................... Sprinkler fitters_____ Cincinnati, Ohio............ Cleveland, Ohio_______ Sprinkler fitters........._ Columbus, Ohio_______ Dallas, Tex..................... Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio............... . Denver, Colo.................. Des Moines, Iowa_____ Detroit, Mich................. Duluth, Minn------ -----El Paso, Tex............... . Erie, Pa.............. .......... Grand Rapids, Mich___ Houston, Tex_________ Indianapolis, Ind__....... Jacksonville, Fla______ Kansas City, M o .......... $1. 250 1.100 1.125 1.250 40 $1. 250 40 1.100 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.200 1.125 1. 700 1.000 1.000 1.100 1. 500 1.500 1.250 1.375 1.125 1.200 1.500 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 1.125 1.200 1.125 1.700 1.000 1.100 1.100 1. 375 1. 375 1.200 1. 250 1.125 1.200 1.000 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 1.200 1.300 1.250 1.250 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.000 1.500 1.250 1.000 1.250 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.143 1.250 1.250 1.200 1. 250 1.200 .900 1.000 1.200 1.000 1.250 30 35 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 Little Rock, Ark______ Los Angeles, Calif_____ Sprinkler fitters.......... Louisville, Ky............ Madison, Wis________ _ Manchester, N. H _____ Memphis, Tenn__......... Sprinkler fitters.......... Milwaukee, Wis_______ Sprinkler fitters_____ Minneapolis, Minn____ Sprinkler fitters.......... Moline, 11 . (See Rock 1 Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn_______ Newark, N. J....... ......... Sprinkler fitters.......... New Haven, Conn........ New Orleans, La............ New York, N. Y ............ Norfolk, Va___________ Oklahoma City, Okla... Peoria, 1 1 1 _____ _______ Philadelphia, Pa______ Sprinkler fitters.......... Pittsburgh, Pa________ Sprinkler fitters.......... Portland. Maine............ Portland, Oreg________ Providence, R. I______ Sprinkler fitters.......... Reading, Pa___.............. Richmond, Va............... Rochester, N. Y __......... $1,000 1.250 1.125 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.250 1.125 1. 200 1.125 1.200 1.125 1.100 1.500 1.125 1.000 1.050 1.400 1.100 1.000 1. 250 1.200 1.125 1.500 1.125 1.000 1.200 1.200 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.200 36 $1,000 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.125 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 40 1.200 40 1.125 40 1.200 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 1.100 1.500 1.125 1.200 1.050 1.400 1.100 1.000 1.200 1.200 1.125 1.500 1.125 1.000 1.200 1.200 1.125 1.200 1.100 1.200 40 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TBAUES T a b l e 9 . — U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f la b o r i n s p e c i f ie d tr a d e s , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 5 6 , a n d M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y c i t i e s — Continued STEAM AND SPRINKLER FITTERS-Continued May 15,1936 May 15,1935 City Rock Island (111.) dis trict: Davenport, Iowa, and Rock Island, 111____ Moline, 111__________ St. Louis, Mo_________ Sprinkler fitters--------St. Paul, Minn _ Sprinkler fitters_____ Salt Lake City, Utah__ San Antonio, Tex______ San Francisco, Calif___ Sprinkler fitters--------- m b J D Is sS mu © ©a c 3 $1. 250 1. 200 1.438 1.250 1.200 1.125 1.100 1. 250 1.125 1.125 M § £ 1 I tu 8 h O’4 3 |S c 3 « 40 $1.250 40 1.200 40 1.438 24 1.250 40 1.200 40 1.125 40 1.100 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.125 May 15,1936 May 15,1935 $ M * s, is s-8 w (S ! City 1 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 Scranton, Pa.................. $1.200 1.375 Seattle, Wash............ . South Bend, Ind_.......... 1.125 1.200 Spokane, Wash___ Springfield, Mass 1.200 1.200 Toledo, Ohio _ Washington, D. C_____ 1.500 Sprinkler fitters 1.125 .900 Wichita, Kans________ Worcester, Mass............ 1.200 .850 York, Pa....... Youngstown, Ohio ___ 1.200 8 < 2 S P & 1 PS W 1 1 tu 40 $1.200 30 1.375 40 1.125 35 1.200 40 1.200 40 1.200 40 1.500 40 1.125 44 1.100 40 1.200 44 .850 40 1.200 35 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 $1.000 40 1.125 40 .800 40 1.000 44 .750 44 .600 40 1.000 40 1. 500 40 1.375 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 1. 500 1. 375 1. 250 1. 250 1. 500 1.250 1. 625 1.125 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.500 1. 000 1.250 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 1. 500 1.375 40 40 1. 250 1. 500 1. 250 1. 625 1.125 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.000 1. 500 1.000 1. 250 1.500 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 1.250 1.000 .850 1.375 1.000 .800 40 40 40 40 44 44 1. 250 1.000 .850 1.375 1.000 .800 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 $1.125 35 1.300 35 1.000 35 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.313 40 1.000 40 1.300 44 1.000 40 1.125 40 35 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 STONECUTTERS Baltimore, Md.: Outside____________ $1.000 .750 Inside______________ Boston, Mass.: 1.175 Tnside _ _ 1. 350 Outside__ Carvers: Inside_____________ 1.445 Outside___________ 1.610 Buffalo, N. Y _________ 1. 200 Carvers....... ................ 1.450 Chicago, 111___________ 1. 000 Carvers____________ 1.250 Stone planermen .850 Cincinnati, Ohio______ 1. 000 Carvers ____ 1.125 Planermen .800 1. 250 Cleveland, Ohio _ Carvers____________ 1.500 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1.125 Planermen _ .875 Dallas, Tex___________ 1. 000 .800 Planermen__________ Denver, Colo__________ 1.125 Detroit, Mich.: Stonecutters: Shop 1.000 Building................... 1.250 Stone carvers________ 1.125 Planermen, machine.. .800 Erie, Pa______________ 1. 250 Houston, Tex_________ 1. 000 Planermen_______ __ .800 Indianapolis, Ind......... . 1.000 40 $1. 000 40 .750 40 40 40 40 1.175 1.350 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 35 1.440 1.610 1.200 1.450 1.000 1. 250 .850 1.000 1.125 .800 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 .875 1.000 .800 1.125 40 40 44 44 30 1.000 1. 250 40 40 1. 250 1.000 .800 1.000 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 Kansas City, Mo.: Shop _____________ Building____________ Machinemen............... Little Rock, Ark______ Louisville, Ky________ Planermen............. . Milwaukee, W i s ______ Newark, N. J_________ Machine__________ New York, N. Y.: Machine_________ . Planermen_______ _ Oklahoma City, Okla__ Peoria, 1 1 1 _____________ Philadelphia, Pa______ Pittsburgh, P a _______ Carvers ____________ Reading, Pa _________ Rochester, N. Y _______ St. Louis, Mo_________ Carvers_____________ Scranton, Pa__________ Carvers_____________ Springfield, Mass______ Toledo, Ohio.................. Carvers_______ ____ _ Washington, D. C.: Outside____________ Inside______________ Machine____________ Carvers_____________ Wichita, Kans.... ......... Machine............. ........ $1.000 1.125 .800 1.000 .900 .600 1.000 1.500 1. 375 STONEMASONS Atlanta, Ga........... Baltimore, Md----Birmingham, Ala.. Boston, Mass------Buffalo, N. Y ........ Butte, Mont_____ Charleston, S. C__. Charleston, W. Va Chicago, 111---------Cincinnati, Ohio... Cleveland, Ohio... Columbus, Ohio... $1,125 1.100 1. 250 1. 300 1.250 1.625 1 000 1.333 1.500 1.375 1.375 1.300 40 $1.125 40 1.100 40 1.000 40 1.300 40 1.250 30 1. 625 44 1.000 40 1.333 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1. 300 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 40 40 40 40 Dallas, Tex._............... Dayton, Ohio............ . Denver, Colo......... ........ Des Moines, Iowa........_ Detroit, Mich_________ Duluth, Minn............ . El Paso, Tex............... . Erie, Pa_ _____ ______ _ Houston, Tex............... . Indianapolis, Ind........... Jacksonville, Fla._......... Kansas City, Mo......... $1.125 1.300 1.250 1.500 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.313 1. 250 1.425 1.000 1.125 41 RATES AND HOURS BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 9 . — U n io n scales o f wages and h ours o f labor in specified tra d es, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , by cities — C o n t in u e d S T O N E M A S O N S —C o n t in u e d Little Rock, Ark______ $1.125 L or Angeles, Calif 1.000 1.250 1. 000 1. 300 Memphis, Tenn_ 1. 375 Milwaukee, Wis_______ 1.125 Minneapolis, Minn____ 1.250 Nashville, Tenn........ . _. 1.250 Newark, N. J __________ 1. 500 New Haven, Conn....... 1.200 New Orleans, La______ 1. 000 New York, N. Y.: Rate A .. . 1.500 Rato B _ _ __ _ 1 563 . Norfolk, Va._ ____ _____ 1. 250 Oklahoma City, Okla... 1.250 Peoria, 11 ______________ 1.375 1 1.375 Philadelphia, Pa_____ Rubble masons.......... 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa------------- 1.400 Louisville, Ely________ Madison, Wis_________ Manchester, N. H _____ 40 $1.125 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.300 40 1.375 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1. 500 40 1. 200 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 500 1. 563 1. 250 1. 250 1. 250 1.375 1. 000 1.400 Portland, Maine______ $1. 250 Providence, R. I______ 1. 250 Reading, Pa__________ 1.200 Riehmnmi, Va 1.250 Rochester, N. Y _______ 1. 250 St. Louis, Mo_________ 1.250 St. Paul, Minn _ 1.100 Salt Lake City, Utah... 1.250 1.250 San Antonio, Tex . . . San Francisco, Calif___ 1. 500 1.500 Scranton, Pa_______ Seattle, Wash_________ 1.500 South Bend, Ind............ 1. 250 1. 250 Spokane, Wash 1.375 Springfield, Mass 1. 250 Toledo, Ohio.. _______ Washington, D. C......... 1.500 Worcestor, Mass______ 1.300 1.000 York, Pa 1. 250 Youngstown, O hio.__ 40 $1.250 40 1.250 40 1. 200 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1.125 40 1. 250 30 1.500 40 1.500 30 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1. 250 40 1. 500 40 1. 300 40 1. 000 40 1.250 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 S T R U C T U R A L IR O N W O R K E R S « Atlanta, Ga___________ Rodmen____________ Baltimore. Md________ Rodmen. .......... ......... Birmingham, Ala______ Rodmen_________ _ Boston, Mass_________ Buffalo, N. Y ................. Butte, Mont__________ Rodmen____________ Charleston, W. Va_____ Chicago, 111___________ Rodmen____________ Finishers.. ....... Cincinnati, Ohio______ Rodmen____________ Cleveland, Ohio_______ Columbus, Ohio_______ Rodmen____________ Dellas, T py . Rodmen__________ Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, Ohio_________ Rodmen____________ Denver, Colo__________ Des Moines, Iowa_____ Detroit, Mieh Rodmen____________ $1. 250 .900 1.375 1.100 1. 250 . 750 1. 200 1.125 1. 250 1. 250 1.250 1.500 1. 500 1. 500 1. 250 1.100 1. 375 1. 250 1. 000 1. 250 1. 000 40 SI. 250 40 .900 40 1.375 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 .750 40 1. 200 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 40 1.250 40 1.350 40 40 1.313 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 40 1.000 40 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 $1 . 1 0 0 40 Louisville, Ky_________ $1 . 1 0 0 40 Rodmen......... ........... . . 990 .900 40 40 1.050 Madison, Wis................ 1. 050 40 40 1.125 40 Manchester, N. H_........ 1. 125 40 1.000 40 Memphis, Tenn_______ 1. 000 40 1.125 40 Milwaukee, Wis......... . 1.175 40 .900 Rodmen...................... 1.050 40 44 1. 250 44 Minneapolis, Minn____ 1. 250 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 40 40 Nashville, Tenn_____ _ 1 . 0 0 0 40 1.750 40 Newark, N. J_________ 1. 750 40 40 1. 375 40 New Haven, Conn....... . 1. 375 40 1. 250 44 40 New Orleans, La______ 1. 250 40 40 .750 44 Rodmen.................... . 1. 250 40 1. 650 40 New York, N. Y ______ 1. 650 40 40 1.400 40 Rodmen. ............ ........ 1. 400 40 40 Finishers: 40 1.400 40 40 Rate A..... ......... ...... 1. 400 40 1.400 40 Rate B____ _______ 1. 400 40 40 1. 250 44 40 Norfolk, Va..............— _ 1. 250 40 .750 44 Rodmen______ ______ .750 44 1.000 40 Oklahoma City, Okla... 1. 000 40 .900 Omaha, Nebr_________ 40 1. 250 1.150 40 Peoria, 1 1 40 1.150 40 1 _____________ 1. 250 40 1. 375 1.000 40 1.000 40 Philadelphia, Pa........... 1. 375 40 .850 40 .850 1. 250 35 1.100 40 40 Rodmen____________ 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1. 375 35 Pittsburgh, Pa________ 1.375 40 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 Portland, Oreg________ 1. 250 40 1.000 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 Rodmen____________ 1.125 Erie, Pa 1.125 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 Providence, R. I___ . . . 40 40 1. 500 40 .900 40 .900 40 Reading, Pa_____ _____ 1.500 Rodmen____________ 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 Houston, Tex................. 1.000 Rodmen...................... 1.000 40 1.250 40 40 1.300 40 Richmond, Va________ 1. 250 Indianapolis, Ind......... 1.425 40 1.000 40 1.050 40 Rodmen____________ 1.175 40 Rodmen______ ______ 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.200 40 40 Rochester, N. Y ____ _ 1.200 Kansas City, Mo......... . 1. 375 40 1.125 40 Rock Island (111.) dis Rodmen____________ 1.125 40 1.000 40 40 1.125 Finishers____________ 1. 250 40 trict....................... ...... 1.000 40 40 1.000 40 St. Louis, Mo.......... ...... 1. 470 40 1.470 Little Rock, Ark............ 1.000 40 1.200 40 .600 40 .600 40 St. Paul, Minn............ 1.200 Rodmen____________ 40 1.000 40 1.125 44 1.125 44 Los Angeles, Calif Rodmen____________ 1.000 40 40 1.125 40 Rodmen...................... 1.125 Salt Lake City, Utah... 1.125 i» In cities where different kinds of work are not listed separately, it can be assumed that the same rate prevails for erectors, rodmen, and finishers. 42 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T a b l e 9. — U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor i n specified tra d es, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d S T R U C T U R A L IR O N W O R K E R S - C o n t ln u e d Sap Antonio, Tex........... $1.000 San Francisco, Calif....... 1. 375 Rodmen...................... 1.125 Finlshfirs. 1.125 Scranton, Pa................... 1.125 Rodmen...................... 1.000 Seattle, Wash................. 1. 375 Rodmen...................... 1.125 Finishers____________ 1. 250 South Bend, Ind.......... . 1. 250 Rodmen...................... 1.000 40 $1,000 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 40 1.125 40 1.000 30 1.375 30 1.125 30 1. 250 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 30 40 40 Spokane, Wash________ $1.375 Rodman _ __ 1.125 Finishers___________ 1.250 Springfield, Mass........... 1.125 Toledo, Ohio................... 1.250 Rodmen_____ _______ 1.000 Washington, D. C......... 1. 750 Rodmen...................... 1. 375 Wichita, Kans________ 1.100 Worcester, Mass........... 1. 250 Youngstown, Ohio......... 1. 250 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 40 40 40 40 $1.125 40 1.250 40 1.000 30 1.750 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 40 40 30 40 44 40 40 40 $1.250 40 1.438 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1.438 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.200 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.000 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.250 40 40 30 1.000 1.375 1.000 1.300 1.300 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $0.825 40 1.125 40 40 .978 .700 .450 .725 .675 .575 .500 .625 .675 .775 40 40 40 40 48 48 40 40 35 35 T IL E L A Y E R S Atlanta, Ga................. .. Baltimore, M d ........ . . . Birmingham, Ala........... Boston, Mass------ -------Buffalo, N. Y ....... ......... Butte, Mont__________ Charleston, S. C---------Charleston, W. Va------Chicago, 11 1----------------Cincinnati, Ohio.......... Cleveland, Ohio_______ Columbu9, Ohio----------Dallas, Tex___________ Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_________ Denver, Colo................. Des Moines, Iowa-------Detroit, Mich----------Duluth, Minn------------El Paso, Tex............... .. Erie, Pa.......................... Grand Rapids, Mich ___ Houston, Tex................ Indianapolis, Ind............ Jacksonville, Fla............ Kansas City, M o ......... Little Rock, Ark---------Las Angeles, Calif Louisville, Ky.............. . Madison, Wis................. Memphis, Tenn............. Milwaukee, Wis......... . Minneapolis, Minn....... $1.900 1.250 1.250 1.375 1.188 1.625 1.000 1.333 1. 500 1.000 1.375 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.250 1. 250 1.000 1.250 1.200 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.100 1.250 1.200 40 $1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.300 40 1.188 30 1.625 44 1.000 40 1. 333 24 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.100 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.125 1.000 1.000 1.000 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 Moline, 1 1 (See Rock 1. Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn............. Newark, N. J._............ New Haven, Conn_____ New Orleans, La.......... . New York, N. Y ______ Norfolk, Va..............— Oklahoma City, Okla... Omaha, Nebr................. Peoria, 1 1 .................. 1 ..... Philadelphia, Pa--------Pittsburgh, Pa------------Portland, Maine______ Portland, Oreg________ Reading, Pa__________ Richmond, Va________ Rochester, N. Y ............ Rock Island (111.) dis trict.. _......................... St. Louis, Mo....... ......... St. Paul, Minn........... . Salt Lake City, Utah... San Antonio, Tex______ San Francisco, Calif----Scranton, Pa................. Seattle, Wash................. $1.000 1.438 1.200 1.000 1.438 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.125 1.250 1. 250 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.250 1.200 1.000 1.125 1.250 1.250 1.250 Smith Rend, Tnd 1.000 Spokane, Wash.............. 1.000 Springfield, Mass........... 1.375 Toledo, Ohio................ . 1.250 Washington, D. C_____ 1.300 Worcester, Mass............ 1.300 Youngstown, Ohio------- 1.000 B U IL D IN G L A B O R E R S Atlanta, Ga.: Class A ............... Class B....... ........ Baltimore, Md____ Birmingham, Ala _. Skilled................. Boston, Mass.: Skilled, rate A . . . Unskilled, rate A. Skilled, rateB ... Unskilled, rate B. Butte, Mont.......... Concrete laborers. $0. 400 .600 .450 .400 .550 .775 .775 .700 .700 .720 1.125 40 $0. 400 .600 40 40 .450 40 .400 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 44 40 44 40 30 .700 .700 .700 .700 .720 1.125 Chicago, 111.................... $0.950 Caisson diggers........ . 1.250 Windlass or niggerhead............ ............ 1.100 Building wreckers....... .700 Cincinnati, Ohio______ .500 Cleveland, Ohio............. .820 Wreckers..................... .750 Wreckers’ helpers____ .650 Columbus, Ohio............. .600 Denver, Colo................ . .625 Des Moines, Iowa_____ .675 .775 Mortar mixers_______ 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 RATES AND HOURS B Y TRADES AND 43 C IT I E S T a b l e 9* — U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f la b o r i n s p e c i f ie d t r a d e s , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , a n d M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , b y c itie s — Continued B U IL D IN G L A B O R E R S -C o n t in u e d Erie, Pa Houston, Tex Jacksonville, Fla______ Kansas City, Mo______ Wrackara Jackhammermen......... Lins Angeles, Calif Jackhammermen____ Louisville, Kv________ Manchester, N. H _____ Concrete makers......... Memphis, Tenn Milwaukee, Wis_______ Caisson laborers Minneapolis, Minn____ Mortar mixers_______ Moline, 11 (See Rock 1. Island (111.) district.) Newark, N . J New Haven, Conn New Orleans, La _ _ New York, N. Y.14........ Barmen . ... Barmen helpers Excavating: Building construc tion ___ Heavy construction. Oklahoma City, Okla... $0,500 .400 .400 .700 .500 .800 .625 .750 .400 .600 .600 .550 .700 1.200 .750 .850 40 40 40 $0.400 40 .700 40 .700 .800 40 44 .625 44 40 40 .500 40 .600 40 .500 40 .700 40 1.200 .675 40 .775 40 Peoria, T U 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .875 .550 .400 .938 1.000 .900 40 40 40 40 40 40 .875 .550 .400 .938 .800 .700 40 40 40 40 35 35 .825 .700 .400 40 40 44 .825 .700 .400 40 40 44 __ _ $0.750 Philadelphia, Pa______ .500 Scaffold builders and mortar mixers .600 Pittsburgh, Pa .700 Portland, Maine: shiia/1 .600 Unskilled .500 Portland, Oreg . .750 Reading, Pa_____ _____ .500 Rock Island (111.) dis trict. _ .500 Mortar mixers_______ .825 St. Loiiis, Mo .788 Wreckers _ _ _ .563 St. Paul, Minn _ .550 Salt Lake City, Utah... .500 Jackhammermen......... .750 San Antonio, Tex.......... .500 San Francisco, Calif .688 Scranton, Pa .500 Seattle, Wash................. .700 South Bend, Ind______ .550 Spokane, Wash________ .625 Springfield, Mass........... .800 Toledo, Ohio........ ......... .500 Washington, D. O .600 Worcester. Mass............ .600 Staging builders.......... 1. 000 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 40 $0,750 40 40 40 40 .700 40 40 40 40 40 .600 .500 .750 .600 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 .600 .600 .788 .563 .550 .500 .750 .500 .688 .500 .700 .500 .625 .800 .500 .550 .600 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 30 $0. 600 30 40 40 40 .500 .625 40 40 40 40 40 .600 .650 40 40 44 $0,700 40 .720 40 .650 44 .780 40 .700 40 40 .880 40 .790 44 .735 44 .660 40 .900 44 .790 44 .710 44 .788 44 .780 40 .820 40 .740 40 .800 40 .720 44 .830 44 .750 40 40 40 44 40 C O M P O S IT IO N R O O F E R S ’ H E L P E R S Boston, Mass................. $0,800 .600 Buffalo, N. Y ................ Kettlemen.................. .700 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rook Island (111.) dis trict.) Kansas City, Mo___ ... .650 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (HI.) district.) 40 $0,800 .600 40 40 40 40 40 40 .650 Portland, Oreg________ $0. 750 Rock Isfand (111.) dis trict. .650 Scranton, Pa _ _ .750 Seattle, Wash_________ .750 Washington, D. C. (ket tlemen) _____________ .700 Youngstown, Ohio_____ .750 Kettlemen__________ .800 E LEV A TO R CON STRU CTORS’ HELPERS Atlanta, Qa............... $0,805 Baltimore, Md.......... .880 Repair..................... .880 Birmingham, Ala___ .805 Boston, Mass............ .930 Buffalo, N. Y ............ .850 Butte, Mont.............. 1.070 Charleston, W. Va___ .770 Chicago, 111................ 1.050 Cincinnati, Ohio....... .910 Cleveland, Ohio........ .980 Columbus, Ohio........ .830 Dallas, Tex................ .840 Maintenance.......... .760 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Denver, Colo............. .860 Maintenance______ .770 Des Moines, Iowa___ .928 Maintenance.......... .833 Detroit, Mich............. .875 40 $0,805 40 .880 44 .880 40 .805 40 .930 40 .830 40 1.070 40 .770 40 1.000 .910 40 .910 40 40 .830 .700 40 44 .630 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 35 .860 .775 40 40 .790 44 .707 .875 40 1 Includes concrete and cement workers. 4 40 40 40 44 40 Duluth, Minn................ $0.700 Erie, Pa.......................... .720 Maintenance________ .650 Grand Rapids, Mich___ .820 Houston, Tex................. .890 Maintenance________ .810 Indianapolis, Tnd______ .880 Maintenance............... .790 Jacksonville, Fla_______ .735 Maintenance............... .660 Kansas City, Mo........... .955 Little Rock, Ark............ .790 Maintenance............... .710 Los Angeles, Calif_____ .788 Louisville, Ky................ .780 Memphis, Tenn............. .840 Maintenance............... .760 Milwaukee, Wis_______ .830 Maintenance............... .750 Minneapolis, Minn........ .830 Maintenance-.............. .750 40 40 44 44 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 tJN IO N SC A L E S I N B U IL D IN G T R A D E S T a b l e 9 . — U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y cities — C o n t in u e d E L E V A T O R C O N S T R U C T O R S ’ H E L P E R S -C o n t in u e d Moline, 11 . (See Rock 1 Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn__.......... $0.780 Maintenance .710 New Haven, Conn_____ .910 .780 New Orleans, La______ New York, N. Y ............ 1.031 Norfolk, Va.................... .740 Oklahoma City, Okla___ .700 Omaha, Nebr................. .770 .700 Maintenance............. Peoria, 1 1 .................. .900 1 ..... Philadelphia, Pa............ .950 Maintenance............. . .855 Pittsburgh, Pa.......... . 1.040 .785 Portland, Maine....... . .850 Portland, Oreg............... Maintenance............... .700 .850 Providence, R. I ______ .860 Reading, Pa.................. Richmond, Va....... ........ .760 .680 Maintenance________ Rochester, N. Y ............. .855 40 $0.685 40 40 .910 40 .780 40 1.031 44 .740 44 .700 .700 44 44 .630 .900 40 .950 40 .855 40 40 1.040 .785 44 .850 40 .760 40 40 .850 .860 44 .760 44 44 .680 40 .855 44 40 44 40 44 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 Rock Island (111.) dis trict.............................. $0.805 St. Louis, Mo_________ 1.040 St. Paul, Minn............... .830 Maintenance............... .750 San Antonio, Tex........... .735 .661 Maintenance________ .910 San Francisco, Calif___ Maintenance............... .810 .890 Scranton, Pa__________ .998 Seattle, Wash................ .898 Maintenance________ South Bend, Ind............ .700 Maintenance . _......... .650 .785 Spokane, Wash.............. Maintenance—............ .710 Springfield, Mass......... . .860 .860 Toledo, Ohio____ _____ Washington, D. C......... 1.160 Wichita, Kans......... ...... .760 .910 Worcester, M ass.......... Youngstown, Ohio_____ .880 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Rates of wages per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Rates of wages | per hour May 15,1936 May 15,1935 44 $0,800 40 1.040 44 .830 44 .750 40 .735 44 .661 40 .875 40 .788 44 .890 40 .998 40 .898 40 .700 40 4Q .785 44 .710 40 .860 40 .860 40 1.160 44 .760 .910 40 40 .880 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 44 30 30 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 H O D C A R R IE R S A t la n t a , G a ______________ B a lt im o r e , M d ___________ B ir m in g h a m , A la .: R a t e A __________________ R a te B _ _ B o s t o n , M a s s .: R a te R a t e B __________________ B u t t e , M o n t _____________ C h ic a g o , 1 1 1 _________ C i n c in n a t i, Ohio_______ C le v e la n d , Ohio_______ C o lu m b u s , O h io ___ _____ D a v e n p o r t , I o w a . (S ee R o c k I s la n d (111.) dis t r ic t .) A_____________ Dayton, Ohio_ _ . D e n v e r , C o l o ........................ Das Moines, Towa D u lu t h , M i n n ___________ E r ie , P a ___________________ H o u s t o n , T e x ....................... I n d ia n a p o lis , I n d ________ Jacksonville, Fla ____ K a n s a s C i t y , M o ________ Los Angeles, Calif Louisville, TC y Madison, Wis Manchester, N. T T M ilw a u k e e , W i s _________ Minneapolis, Minn _ M o li n e , 111. (See Rock I s la n d (H I.) d is t r ic t .) $0.500 .625 40 $0,500 40 .750 40 40 .600 .650 40 40 .600 40 .775 .700 1.125 .950 .700 .820 .800 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 .700 .700 1.125 .825 .700 .725 .800 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 .800 .900 .900 .800 .650 .625 .800 .400 .800 .750 .625 .750 .700 .800 .900 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 .800 .750 .900 .800 35 40 35 40 .600 .725 .400 .800 .750 .625 .750 .700 .800 .850 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 N a s h v ille , T e n n _ .............. N e w a r k , N. J_________ N e w H a v e n , C o n n ______ N e w O rlea n s, L a ________ N e w Y o r k , N. Y ______ N o r f o lk , V a _____ _________ O k la h o m a C i t y , O k l a . . . P e o r ia , n i _________________ P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ................ P it t s b u r g h , P a P o r t la n d , M a i n e . .............. P o r t la n d , O re g ___________ R e a d in g , P a _____ _ _ ____ R o c k I s la n d (H I.) d is t r ic t : R a t e A_ ........................... Rate B ___ __ _ $0.500 .875 .550 .600 .900 .650 .700 .750 .500 .900 .700 .900 .850 40 $0,600 40 .875 40 .550 40 .600 40 .900 40 .650 44 .750 40 .750 40 40 .900 .700 40 40 .900 40 1 . 0 0 0 40 40 40 40 .825 .600 40 40 .875 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 .825 .600 40 40 .875 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 St. Louis, M o .: B r ic k la y e r s _____________ S t o n e m a s o n s ___________ St. Paul, Minn S a lt Lake C i t y , U t a h . . . Ran Antonio, Tex S a n F r a n c is c o , C a lif 1 .0 0 0 .850 .900 .600 1 .0 0 0 Scranton, Pa Seattle, Wash South Bend, Ind .600 1 .0 0 0 S p o k a n e , W a s h __________ S p r in g fie ld , M a s s ________ T o l e d o , O h io _____________ W a s h in g t o n , D. C _______ W o r c e s t e r , M a s s ................. .700 .800 .800 .700 .600 .825 1 .0 0 0 .850 .900 .600 1 .0 0 0 .600 1 .0 0 0 .650 .800 .800 .700 .550 .825 40 M A R BLE SETTERS’ HELPERS Baltimore, Md $0.650 .800 .625 1.025 Cleveland, Ohio..... ....... .813 Boston, Mass_________ Buffalo, N Y Chicago, 1 1 ..... ... _ .. 1 40 $0,650 .800 40 40 .625 40 1.025 .813 40 40 40 40 40 40 Oolnmhns, Ohio. _ Dayton, Ohio. _ $0.650 .600 .750 Detroit, Mich .700 Indianapolis, Ind........ . .600 Denver, Colo__________ 40 $0,700 40 .600 35 .650 40 .700 40 .600 40 40 40 40 40 RATES AND T able 9. — HOURS B T TRADES AN D 45 C IT IE S U n io n scales o f wages and hours o f labor in specified trades, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 5 , by cities — C o n t in u e d M A R B L E S E T T E R S ' H E L P E R S —C o n t in u e d May 15, 1936 May 15,1935 Kansas City, Mo........... $0. 750 Los Angeles, Calif .625 .750 .750 New York, N . Y_ 1.156 Philadelphia, Pa............ .775 Pittsburgh, Pa .813 .750 Portland, Oreg________ St. Louis, M o................ .750 Milwaukee, Wis........... . New Haven, Conn_____ 40 $0.750 40 40 .750 40 .750 40 1.156 40 .775 .813 40 40 .750 40 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40’ Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Rates of wages per hour j May 15,1936 May 15,1935 40 $0,800 40 40 .800 40 .750 40 .600 40 .750 40 .500 40 40 $0. 600 40 $0. 600 40 1.000 1.333 1.063 .8 5 0 1.000 .9 0 0 .8 0 0 .9 0 0 .8 5 0 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.063 1.063 1.063 .8 5 0 .9 0 0 .9 0 0 .8 0 0 .9 0 0 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .8 2 5 1.063 .8 5 0 1.100 .6 0 0 1.100 .6 0 0 1.000 1.000 .8 0 0 .8 0 0 .8 7 5 .8 2 5 40 40 40 $0.750 40 .750 40 .875 40 .500 40 .500 40 40 40 40 40 Salt Lake City, Utah... $0,800 San Antonio, Tex______ .400 .800 Scranton, Pa__________ South Bend, In d _.____ .700 Springfield, Mass______ .750 Toledo, Ohio .600 Washington, D. C_____ .750 Youngstown, O h io__ _ .500 40 40 40 40 40 PLASTERERS’ LABO RERS A t la n t a , G a ___________ $0. 600 .6 2 5 B a lt im o r e , M d . . ................ .9 5 0 B o s t o n , M a s s ____________ B u t t e , M o n t.................... 1.125 C h ic a g o , 111. ____ ________ 1.013 .7 0 0 C in c in n a t i, O h io ________ .820 C le v e la n d , O h i o ________ C o l u m b u s , O h io _________ .8 0 0 D a v e n p o r t , I o w a . (See R ock I s la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) .9 0 0 D e n v e r , C o l o ...........: .......... Des Moines, Iowa .900 D u lu t h , M i n n ___________ .800 .6 5 0 Erie, P a ______________ .800 I n d ia n a p o lis , I n d ______ .800 K a n s a s C i t y , M o ......... Los Angeles, Calif 1.100 L o u is v ille , Ky_.............. .7 0 0 Madison, Wis . .7 5 0 Memphis, Tenn . 500 .8 0 0 M ilw a u k e e , W i s _______ M in n e a p o lis , M i n n ....... .9 0 0 M o li n e , 111. (S ee R o c k I s la n d (111.) d is t r ic t .) N e w H a v e n , C o n n ____ .8 0 0 40 40 30 30 40 40 40 40 $0. 600 .7 5 0 .9 5 0 1.125 .9 6 8 .7 0 0 .8 0 0 .800 40 40 30 30 40 40 40 40 New Orleans, La N ew Y ork , N . Y .: Class A ....... ................ C la ss B....................... C la ss C _________________ P e o r ia , 111_______________ P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ______ P it t s b u r g h , P a ________ P o r t la n d , M a i n e _______ P o r t la n d , O re g — ............ Reading, Pa................... 35 40 40 40 40 .7 5 0 .9 0 0 .800 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 30 .8 0 0 .8 0 0 1.100 .700 .7 5 0 .5 0 0 .8 0 0 .8 5 0 40 .8 0 0 40 40 30 40 40 Rock I s la n d (111.) d is trict. fit.. Lords, M o S t. Paul, M i n n ________ S a lt L a k e C i t y , U t a h . . . S a n A n t o n io , T e x _____ 30 flan Fran cisco, Cal if 40 40 40 40 40 Scranton, Pa _________ Seattle, Wash ____ _ Spokane, Wash. _ _ S p r in g fie ld , M a s s ______ T o l e d o , O h io __________ W a s h in g t o n , D. C......... W o r c e s t e r , M a s s . .......... .8 2 5 1.063 .8 5 0 1.100 .6 0 0 1.100 .6 0 0 1.000 1.000 .800 800 .8 7 5 .8 2 5 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 30 30 40 40 30 40 40 30 40 30 40 30 30 40 40 30 40 PLU M BERS’ LABORERS Cleveland, Ohio............. $0.92C Denver, Colo______ ___ .714 Kansas City, Mo______ .750 Milwaukee, Wis............. .800 Pittsburgh, Pa............... .875 40 $0,820 35 40 .750 40 .800 40 .875 40 40 40 40 Portland, Oreg________ $0.750 .750 Reading, Pa__________ .875 St. Louis, Mo_________ San Antonio, Tex______ .500 .500 Scranton, Pa__________ S T E A M A N D S P R IN K L E R F IT T E R S ’ H E L P E R S Baltimore, Md.......... .. $0. 625 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers......................... . . .725 Boston, Mass, (sprin kler fitters only).......... .725 Buffalo, N. Y. (sprin kler fitters only).......... .725 Charleston, W. Va......... .500 Chicago, 1 1 (sprinkler 1. fitters only)_________ 1.000 Cleveland, Ohio (sprin .725 kler fitters only)_....... Dallas, Tex..................... .750 40 $0,625 40 40 .725 40 40 .725 40 40 40 .725 .500 40 40 40 .960 40 40 44 .500 44 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio_________ $0.500 Detroit, Mich.......... ...... .750 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers________________ .725 .500 Erie, Pa__....................... Houston, Tex......... ........ .750 Los Angeles, Calif_____ .725 Milwaukee, Wis_______ .700 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers__________ _____ .725 40 $0. 500 40 .750 40 40 40 40 40 .725 .600 . 625 .725 .700 40 .725 40 46 U N IO N T able 9. — SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES U n i o n s c a le s o f w a g e s a n d h o u r s o f la b o r i n s p e c i f ie d t r a d e s , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 , a n d M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 5 , b y c itie s — Continued STEAM AND SPRINKLER FITTERS’ HELPERS-Continued M in n e a p o lis , M in n ........ $0.625 S p rin k le r fitte r s ’ h e lp ers____________ _____ .725 M o lin e , H I. (See R o c k Is la n d (111.) d is tric t.) N e w a rk , N . J..... ............. 1.000 S p rin k le r fitte rs ’ h e lp ers ................................ .725 .600 N e w H a v e n , C o n n _____ .600 New Orleans, L a _ N e w Y o r k , N . Y ............... 1.031 O k la h o m a C ity , O k la __ .700 P h ila d e lp h ia , P a ............... .700 S p rin k le r fitte rs ’ h e lp ers .725 Pittsburgh, Pa _ .875 S p rin k le r fitte rs ' h e lp .725 ers_________________ .650 P o rtla n d , M a in e _______ P o rtla n d , O reg................... .750 40 $0.625 40 40 .725 40 40 1.000 40 40 40 44 40 40 35 .725 40 .600 1.031 44 40 .700 35 40 40 .725 .875 40 40 40 40 30 .725 .650 .750 40 40 30 P ro vid e n ce , R. I _______ $0.750 S p rin k le r fitte rs ’ h e lp ers ............... .................. .725 S t. L o u is , M o ..................... .900 S p rin k le r fitte rs ’ h e lp .788 ers ............................... S t. P a u l, M in n ..... ............ .600 S p rin k le r fitte rs ’ h e lp .725 ers _________________ .500 S a lt L a k e C ity , U t a h __ .750 San Francisco, C a lif___ S p rin k le r fitte rs ’ h e lp .725 ers_________________ .S cranton, P a ....................... .625 Spokane, W a s h _________ .750 S p rin g fie ld , M a s s _______ .700 W a s h in g to n , D. C ............ .825 .450 W ic h ita , K a n s . _______ .675 W orcester, M a s s _______ Y o u n g s to w n , O h io ........... .650 H o u rs pe r w eek R ates of wages pe r h o u r H o u rs p e r w eek C ity R ates o f wages per h o u r M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1935 H o u rs p e r w ee k R ates o f wages per hour H o u rs per w eek C it y R ates o f wages pe r h o u r M a y 16,1936 M a y 15,1935 40 $0.750 40 40 40 .725 .900 40 40 24 40 .788 .600 40 40 40 40 40 .725 40 .750 40 40 40 35 40 40 44 40 40 .725 .625 40 35 .700 .825 40 40 .600 .650 40 40 40 $1.063 40 .600 40 .750 40 .833 40 . 750 40 . 765 40 . 650 40 .800 40 40 .625 40 .800 40 .750 40 40 .600 40 .750 .500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 TILE LAYERS’ HELPERS $0. 650 B filtim o ra , M d P o s to n , "Mass . _ .800 .600 B u ffa lo , N . Y ..................... H hioago, 111 1.063 C le ve la n d , O h io .906 n o ln rp h n s , O h io .650 P a y to n , O hio .600 D e n v e r, C o lo _ _ ................. .750 .750 D e tro it, M ic h __________ In d ia n a p o lis , In d .600 ’R'ansas C ity , M o ______ .750 J.na Angeles, Calif . 625 .800 M ilw a u k e e , W is _______ .750 M in n e a p o lis , M in n ____ N e w a rk , N . J __________ 1.063 N e w H a v e n , C o n n ........... .750 40 $0.650 .800 40 .600 40 24 1.063 40 .813 40 .700 .600 40 35 .650 40 .700 40 .600 40 .750 40 40 .650 40 .650 40 1.063 40 .750 40 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 O N e w Y o r k , N . Y ............. $1.063 .600 O m aha, N e b r__________ .750 P h ila d e lp h ia , P a _______ P itts b u rg h , P a .................. .833 P o rtla n d , Oreg . 750 S t. L o u is , M o _ __ .765 S t. P a u l, M in n _________ .750 S a lt L a k e C ity , U ta h _ .800 _ .400 San A n to n io , T e x ______ .750 San Francisco, C a lif Sexanton, Pa .800 South Bend, Tnd .700 Springfield, Mass .750 .600 T o le d o , O h io ___________ Washington, P . C .750 Y o u n g s to w n , O h io _____ .500 40 40 40 40 40 40