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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Frances Perkins, Secretary B U R E A U O F L A B O R ST A T IS T IC S Isador Lubin, Commissioner U n io n S ca le s o f W a g e s a n d H o u r s in th e B u ild in g T ra d e s in 70 C it ie s M ay 15,1937 Prepared by INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DIVISION Florence Peterson, Chief Bulletin 7S[o. 657 A pril 1938 U N IT E D ST A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R IN T IN G OFFICE W A S H IN G T O N : 1938 For sale by the Superintendent o f Documents, Washington, D . C. Price 10 cents CONTENTS Summary_______________________________________________________________________ Scope and method of the study_______________________________________________ List of cities covered_____________________________________________________ Trend of union wage rates and hours, 1 907 -3 7______________________________ Trends in individual trades______________________________________________ Changes in union scales between 1936 and 1937____________________________ Union wage rates, 1937: Distribution of members by wage rates_________________________________ Average rates in each city_______________________________________________ Regional differences in wage rates_______________________________________ Overtime rates____________________________________________________________ Extra pay for special contingencies_____________________________________ Union hours, 1937: Distribution of members by hour scales________________________________ Hours per day and days per week_______________________________________ Sundays and holidays____________________________________________________ Regulations in union agreements: Work done by out-of-town contractors_________________________________ Members accepting out-of-town jobs____________________________________ Sharing of work___________________________________________________________ Apprentices________________________________________________________________ Temporary workers_______________________________________________________ Disabled and older workers______________________________________________ Control of output_________________________________________________________ Safety and sanitation_____________________________________________________ Provisions regarding material used______________________________________ Union membership under effective scales in cities covered__________________ Union scales of wages and hours by trades and cities_______________________ Appendix: Changes in rates after M ay 15, 1937____________________________________ 1 3 3 6 7 12 17 22 27 29 31 33 34 35 37 37 38 39 41 41 43 43 43 44 45 68 Tables T ab l e T ab le T ab l e T ab le T ab l e 1.— Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in all building trades, 1907 to 1937___________________ 2.— Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1937__________________________________ 3.— Number of changes in union wage-rate quotations and per centage of members affected, M ay 15, 1937, compared with M ay 15, 1936__________________________________________________ 4.— Number of increases in union wage-rate quotations, by per centage of increase, M ay 15, 1937, compared with M ay 15, 1936____________________________________________________________ 5.— Number of changes in union hour quotations and percentage of members affected, M ay 15, 1937, compared with M ay 15, 1936____________________________________________________________ m 6 9 13 15 16 IV CONTENTS P age T able T able T able T able T able T able T able 6.— Distribution of union members in each building trade, by hourly wage rates, M ay 15, 1937_____________________________ 7.— Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades, by cities and by city size, M ay 15, 1937________________________ 8.— Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades, by region and size of city, M ay 15, 1937________________________ 9.— Overtime rates provided in building-trades union agreements, M ay 15, 1937__________________________________________________ 10.— Distribution o f union members in each building trade, by hour scales, M ay 15, 1937__________________________________________ 11.— Members covered by effective union scales in building trades in 70 cities_____________________________________________________ 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, 1937 and 1936__________________________________________ 20 24 28 30 34 44 45 Charts C h a r t 1.— Union wage rates and hours in building trades, 1907 -3 7_______ C h a r t 2.— Distribution of union building-trades workers according to hourly wage rates, M ay 15, 1937______________________________ C h a r t 3.— A vera ge u nion w age rates in b u ildin g trades a ccord in g to size of city and region, M ay 15, 1937______________________________ vi 18 26 PREFACE The Bureau of Labor Statistics has made surveys of union wages and hours in the building trades in selected cities each year since 1907. The earliest studies included 37 cities. The coverage was gradually extended until, in the period from 1934 to date, 70 cities were included. The 1937 report not only shows the actual rates of each trade in each of the cities covered, but also average rates for each trade, as well as the average rates of all the trades in each city. There is also included a table showing the trend throughout the period 1907-37. Because of the prevalence of union agreements in the building trades, union rates in the 70 cities covered are an important indicator of wage and hour trends in the building trades throughout the country. This bulletin was prepared in the Industrial Relations Division under the supervision of Florence Peterson, Chief of the Division. J. J. Senturia and C. F. Rauth directed the study until the time they left the Bureau. A major contribution in the preparation of the bulletin was made by F. S. McElroy. I sa d o r L u b in , Com m issioner o f Labor Statistics. M ar ch 17, 1938. y CHART I U N IO N W A G E R A TE S A N D H O U R S IN BU ILDING T R A D E S U. S . B u r e a u of L abor S t a t is t i c s Bulletin 7s£o. 657 o f the United States Bureau o f Labor Statistics U nion Scales o f W ages and H ours in the Building Trades, M ay 15, 1937 Summary The average union hourly wage rate was $1.26 on May 15, 1937, for all the building trades in the 70 cities covered in the survey. Nearly half of the total union membership had rates of $1.30 or higher and only 17 percent had scales of less than $1. The average for the journeyman trades was $1,363. Almost half of the journeymen were receiving $1.40 or more per hour while less than 2 percent had rates of under $1. The helper and laborer trades averaged 81.8 cents per hour with about 81 percent of their membership having scales ranging between 50 cents and $1 per hour. The index of union hourly wage rates in the building trades was 98.0 in 1937 (1929 = 100), the highest since 1931. The 1937 index was 7 percent higher than in 1936 and represented the greatest percentage increase since 1933. The index of journeymen’s rates reached 97.6, a 6.8-percent increase from the 1936 level. The helpers and laborers wage-rate index rose 8.8 percent over the year to 101.5. Increases in wage rates were reported in about 62 percent of the quotations which were comparable with 1936. These increases affected over half of all the building-trades union members covered— 50.5 percent of the journeymen and 57.9 percent of the helpers and laborers. The decreases reported were few and affected only 0.1 per cent of the total membership. Over 83 percent of all the members who had increases had their rates raised by at least 10 percent. In the journeyman trades only 162 out of 1,023 increases reported were for less than 10 percent. Only 72 of the 231 increases reported by the helper and laborer trades amounted to less than 10 percent. The average hourly wage rate for all building trades showed an increase over 1936 in every city for which a combined average could be computed.1 Hourly wage rates as a rule averaged higher in cities of comparable size in the North and Pacific area than in cities of the South. With a few significant exceptions, average rates within these regions varied directly with the size of the cities. Weekly hours for all building trades averaged 39.0 in 1937. Over 80 percent of the total membership had the 40-hour week and less 1 In some cities there were only a few helpers and laborers working under union agreements. no averages were computed, In such cases 1 2 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES than 4 percent were working more than 40 hours per week. Journey men averaged 38.8 hours and the helpers and laborers averaged 40.1 hours per week. A majority of the members in both groups had 40hour scales, although over 9 percent of the helpers and laborers were working in excess of 40 hours as compared with less than 3 percent of the journeymen. The great bulk of the quotations reported no change from the hour scales effective in 1936. Less than 7 percent of the total membership were affected by changes— 6 percent of the journeymen and about 11 percent of the helpers and laborers. Scope and M ethod o f the Study Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades have been collected by the Bureau of Labor Statistics each year since 1907. The early studies included 39 cities. The coverage was gradually extended until, in the period from 1934 to date, 70 cities were included in the annual survey. These cities 2 are located in 38 States and the District of Columbia. List o f Cities Covered North and Pacific region Baltimore, M d. II Boston, Mass. II Buffalo, N . Y . II Butte, M ont. V Charleston, W . Va. V Chicago, 111. I Cincinnati, O. I l l Cleveland, Ohio. II Columbus, Ohio. I l l Davenport, Iowa, included in Rock Island (111.) district. Dayton, Ohio. IV Denver, Colo. I l l Des Moines, Iowa. IV Detroit, Mich. I Duluth, Minn. IV Erie, Pa. IV Grand Rapids, Mich. IV Indianapolis, Ind. I l l Kansas City, M o. I l l Los Angeles, Calif. I Madison, Wis. V Manchester, N . H . V Milwaukee, W is. II Minneapolis, Minn. I l l Moline, 111., included in Rock Island (111.) district. Newark, N . J. I l l New Haven, Conn. IV New York, N . Y . I Omaha, Nebr. IV Peoria, 111. IV Philadelphia, Pa. I Pittsburgh, Pa. II Portland, M e. V Portland, Oreg. I l l Providence, R. I. I l l Reading, Pa. IV Rochester, N . Y . I l l Rock Island (111.) district. St. Louis, M o. II St. Paul, Minn. I l l Salt Lake City, Utah. IV San Francisco, Calif. II Scranton, Pa. IV Seattle, Wash. I l l South Bend, Ind. IV Spokane, Wash. IV Springfield, Mass. IV Toledo, Ohio. I l l Washington, D . C. I l l Wichita, Kans. IV Worcester, Mass. IV York, Pa. V Youngstown, Ohio. IV . IV South Atlanta, Ga. I l l Birmingham, Ala. I l l Charleston, S. C. V Charlotte, N . C. V Dallas, Tex. I l l El Paso, Tex. IV Houston, Tex. I l l Jacksonville, Fla. IV Little Rock, Ark. V Louisville, K y . I l l Memphis, Tenn. I l l Nashville, Tenn. IV New Orleans, La. I l l Norfolk, Va. IV Oklahoma City, Okla. IV Richmond, Va. IV San Antonio, Tex. IV 2 The roman numerals following the city names indicate the population group in which the city was included in tables 7 and 8. 3 6 0 4 7 1 °— 35 -2 4 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES Two crafts— boilermakers and machinists working on building construction— have been included in the study for the first time this year. Data for these crafts were obtained not only as of May 15, 1937, but also as of May 15, 1936. It was thus possible to include them in the tabulations of changes in rates and hours between 1936 and 1937. As far as possible, the rates collected were those actually in force on May 15. Interviews were held with 1,511 union representatives and over 2,180 quotations of rates were received. The union membership covered by these scales of wages and hours in these 70 cities was approximately 420,000. Definition.— A union scale is a scale of wages and hours agreed to by an employer (or group of employers) and a labor organization for persons who are actually working or would be working if there were work to be done in that locality. A union scale usually fixes a limit in one direction, that is, a minimum wage rate and maximum hours of work with specific provisions for overtime. The union may (1) be either an independent local union or one affiliated with a national or international federation, (2) be an organi zation embracing one craft or more than one craft, or (3) have a contract with only one employer or more than one employer. A collective agreement is a mutual arrangement between a union and employer (or group of employers) regarding wages and hours and other working conditions. Collective agreements are usually written and signed by both parties. Sometimes, however, there is merely an oral agreement. The Bureau has included scales in oral agreements only in those cases where there was clear evidence that the rates were actually in effect. Apprentices and foremen.— A young person working in the trade for a definite number of years, for the purpose of learning the trade, and receiving instruction as an element of compensation, is considered an apprentice. Scales for apprentices are not shown. Scales for helpers in a number of trades are given. In some trades the work of helpers is performed at least in part by apprentices. Whenever it was found that helpers’ work was done largely by apprentices, the rates for such helpers were omitted. No rates are given for strictly supervising foremen or for individuals who are paid unusual rates because of some personal qualification as distinct from the usual trade qualifications. Union rates and actual rates.— As mentioned above, the rates of wages and hours shown in this report were obtained from union business agents, secretaries, and other officials of local unions in the 70 cities visited. Over 75 percent of the rates were recorded in written agreements. In many cases, however, there is only an oral agreement between the union and the employer. Where no written SCOPE AN D M ETHOD OF T H E ST U D Y 5 records were on file in the union office, the Bureau representative listed the rates on a schedule which the union official then signed. If the Bureau representative had any reason to doubt the accuracy of these rates, he made further inquiry from persons who might be informed about the situation. It is believed that the rates listed in this report accurately represent the union scales in force on May 15. It does not necessarily follow, however, that these rates are in all cases the actual wages paid or hours worked. The union scale usually fixes the minimum wages and maximum hours. More experienced and skilled workers may earn more than the union rate. This is especially true during periods of prosperity, when a plentiful supply of jobs creates competitive bidding for the better workmen. In periods of depression, in order to spread or share available work, actual hours worked are sometimes less than those provided in the union agreement. Where such a share-the-work policy was formally adopted by the union and in effect for the majority of the members, the adjusted scale of hours is used in this report rather than the theoretical scale appearing in the written agreement. Union rates and 'prevailing rates.— It should be remembered that the rates quoted are for union members and for jobs worked on a unioncontract basis. Union strength varies in the different cities and trades. Where practically all the workers of a particular trade belong to the local union, the union rate quoted is equivalent to the prevail ing rate in the community. If only a few of the craftsmen belong to the union, the union rate may not be the actual prevailing rate. No attempt has been made in this study to discover what proportions of all the workers in each occupation, in each city, are members of their respective unions. Averages.— The averages for each trade given in this report are weighted according to the number of members in the various local unions. Thus the averages reflect not only the specific rates provided for in union agreements but also the number of persons presumably benefiting from these rates. Index numbers.— In the series of index numbers, the percentage change from year to year is based on averages computed from identical unions that reported for both years. The membership weights in both of the averages used in each year-to-year comparison are those reported for the second year. The index for each year is computed by multiplying the index for the preceding year by the ratio of the averages so obtained. The index numbers were revised on this basis in 1936 in order to eliminate the influence of changes in union membership which obscure the real changes in wages and hours.3 3 The method of revision is described in U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Bull. No. 626: Union Scales of Wages and Hours in the Building Trades, M a y 15, 1936. Trend o f U nion Wage Rates and Hours, 1907-37 The index of union hourly wage rates for the building trades ad vanced 7.0 percent between May 15, 1936, and May 15, 1937— the largest rate of annual increase since 1923. The sustained and accel erated rise in hourly wage rates from the low point in 1933 is shown in table 1. The increase of 7.0 percent in 1937 followed increases of 3.6 percent in 1936, 1.1 percent in 1935, and 0.7 percent in 1934. As a result of this series of advances, the 1937 index of hourly wage rates, based on 1929 as 100, stands at 98.0. This is 12.9 percent higher than the index for 1933. T able 1. — Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in all building trades, 1907 to 1937 Index numbers (1929=100) Year All building trades Wage rate Hours Journeymen Wage rate Helpers and laborers Hours Wage rate Hours 1907__________________________ 1908__________________________ 1909__________________________ 1910__________________________ 1911__________________________ 31.5 33.5 35.1 36.5 37.1 110.0 108.3 106.8 105. 5 105.1 31.7 33.8 35.5 37.0 37.6 109.3 107.7 106.4 105.2 104.8 30.7 32.1 33.2 34.3 34.5 113.1 110.8 108.5 106.6 106.4 1912__________________________ 1913__________________________ 1914__________________________ 1915__________________________ 1916__________________________ 37.9 38.8 39.6 39.9 41.2 104.8 104.6 104.2 104.1 103.7 38.5 39.4 40.3 40.6 42.0 104.5 104.2 103.9 103.8 103.4 34.8 35.8 36.2 36.5 37.7 106.1 106.0 105.5 105.4 105.1 1917__________________________ 1918__________________________ 1919__________________________ 1920__________________________ 1921__________________________ 43.8 48.6 55.7 75.2 76.6 103.5 102.9 102.4 101.9 101.8 44.3 49.0 56.0 74.9 76.3 103.2 102.6 102.2 101.7 101.6 41.4 48.0 55.5 80.5 81.3 104.7 104.3 103.3 102.7 102.7 1922__________________________ 1923__________________________ 1924________ _________________ 1925__________________________ 1926__________________________ 71.8 79.4 85.7 89.0 94.8 101.8 101.9 101.9 101.9 101.7 71.9 79.2 85.6 88.8 94.7 101.7 101.8 101.8 101.8 101.6 74.0 78.5 84.9 87.7 95.6 102.4 102.6 102.6 102.4 102.2 1927__________________________ 1928__________________________ 1929__________________________ 1930__________________________ 1931__________________________ 98.1 98.7 100.0 104.2 104.5 101.5 100.9 100.0 97.2 96.0 97.9 98.7 100.0 104.1 104.5 101.4 100.7 100.0 97.1 95.8 97.3 98.3 100.0 105.1 104.5 102.2 102.1 100.0 97.8 97.0 1932__________________________ 1933__________________________ 1934__________________________ 1935__________________________ 1936__________________________ 1937__________________________ 89.3 86.8 87.4 88.4 91.6 98.0 94.3 94.0 90.5 89.8 89.8 90.2 89.3 86.9 87.4 88.4 91.4 97.6 94.1 93.8 90.3 89.7 89.6 90.0 89.2 85.2 87.7 88.2 93.4 101.5 94.8 94.4 91.4 90.8 91.0 91.3 As in the preceding year, rates for helpers and laborers in 1937 increased on the average more than those of journeymen— 8.8 percent 6 TREND OF U N IO N WAGE RATES AN D HOURS, 19 0 7 - 3 7 7 as compared to 6.8 percent. The index for the unskilled and semi skilled group rose to 101.5. This is higher than the base year 1929 or any other year except 1930 and 1931. The index of hours per week provided in union agreements showed a slight increase of 0.4 percent, advancing from 89.8 in 1936 to 90.2 in 1937. The index had remained unchanged between 1935 and 1936. Except for a minute advance in 1923, this increase was the only one since the surveys were begun in 1907. The slight increase in hours in 1937 appears to be chiefly a result of the abandonment by local unions of sharing-the-work plans as employment opportunities have increased. This is evidenced by the fact that most of the increases were from 30 to longer hour weeks. There were scarcely any increases among the 40-hour scales. The percent of increase in scales of hours was the same for both the journeymen and the unskilled group. In terms of 1929 as the base year, the index for helpers and laborers (91.3) was somewhat higher than for journeymen (90.0). Trends in Individual Trades Between 1936 and 1937 there were increases in the wage-rate indexes for every craft covered by the study. (See table 2.) Within the journeymen group the greatest percent of increase was among the machinists engaged in construction work. Scales of hourly wages for this craft, included in the study for the first time this year, increased 14.7 percent in the course of the year. Advances of 10 percent or more took place in the indexes for stonemasons, plas terers, and sign painters. The smallest percentage increase— 0.6 percent— was among the granite cutters. Although the index of wage scales for laborers and helpers as a whole advanced more than that of journeymen, none of the trades in the former group showed an increase as large as 10 percent. The helpers and laborers group thus showed considerably less variation in changes as between the different occupations than did the journey men group. The greatest gain in wage rates among the helpers and laborers was made by building laborers, whose index rose 9.5 percent. Other large increases were: Plasterers’ laborers, 8.9 percent; hod carriers, 7.7 percent; steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers, 7.2 percent. The smallest rate of increase was 2.6 percent for elevator constructors’ helpers. The rate changes which occurred between May 15, 1936, and May 15, 1937, acquire added significance when the situation since 1933 is taken into account. The first significant increase in wagescale indexes in recent years for bricklayers, stonecutters, and stone masons came in the year ending May 15, 1937. The granite cutters’ 8 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES increase, although small, represented the first since 1931. Thus, although these four crafts continued at the bottom of the journeyman crafts in terms of their ratio to the 1929 index, increases obtained during the year initiated or accelerated an upward movement. The largest percentage increases over the depression low have been made by the glaziers (18.9), sign painters (16.8), carpenters (15.4), and structural-iron workers (14.3). Average gains of between 13 and 14 percent have been made by composition roofers (13.7), asbestos workers (13.5), lathers (13.5), plasterers (13.4), painters (13.1), and engineers (13.1). Wage rates of slate and tile roofers have not in creased so much as those of composition roofers since the low point of the depression. Granite cutters, stonecutters, mosaic and terrazzo workers, marble setters, and bricklayers have lagged behind other trades in terms of average gains in wage rates from the depression low. Although declining less than most other trades from the 1929 level, elevator constructors have, in terms of wage rates, recovered to a smaller extent than the majority of other trades. Among helpers and laborers, the wage-rate index for building laborers has increased most (25.1 percent) since 1933. The hod carriers’ index increased 17 percent and the plasterers’ laborers’ index 16.1 percent. Moving in the same moderate way as their journeymen’s rates, elevator constructors’ helpers show the smallest percentage of recovery from the depression low of any in the unskilled group. In 1936 the only trade whose wage-rate index was above the 1929 level was portable and hoisting engineers, with an index of 104.2. As a result of increases during the year, the index for this trade climbed to 112.6 in 1937. In addition, eight other journeyman trades for the first time passed the 1929 level. Among these, the highest levels were reached by glaziers (104.6), structural-iron workers (104.4), and composition roofers (103.7). Ten crafts were within 5 points of the 1929 level, while only five trades— plasterers, stonemasons, granite cutters, bricklayers, and stonecutters— were more than 5 points below their 1929 indexes. The wage-rate index for stonecutters showed the least gain, being 12.7 points below the base figure. Although the wage-rate index for the helpers and laborers group as a whole was higher than that of 1929, only two of these trades— building laborers and tile layers’ helpers— were above the base figure, while the index for steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers barely reached the 100 mark. Hod carriers were close to the 1929 level, with an index of 99.1. Farthest from the 1929 figure were elevator con structors’ helpers, with an index of 91.8, TREND OF U N IO N WAGE RATES A N D H OURS, 190 7 -3 7 T able 2. — Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1937 [1929=100] Asbestos workers Bricklayers Carpenters Cement finishers Electricians (inside wiremen) Elevator constructors Year Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage [Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours rate rate rate rate rate rate 1907 1908 _____ 1909 ________ 1910__________ 1911 1912 ___ 1913 ___ 1914__________ 1915__________ 40.0 1916__________ 1917__________ 42.1 1918__________ 47.1 1919__________ 57.3 74.5 1920__________ 75.5 1921__________ 70.3 1922__________ 72.9 1923__________ 1924__________ 81.4 84.6 1925__________ 90.5 1926__________ 1927__________ 95.0 1928__________ 95.6 1929__________ 100.0 1930__________ 105.8 1931...............106.8 1932__________ 89.0 1933__________ 88.7 1934__________ 88.6 1935__________ 89.8 19361________ 93.4 1937__________ 100.6 103.0 102.6 102.0 101.0 100.9 101.1 101.1 100.9 101.0 101.0 101.0 100.9 100.9 100.0 96.3 94.0 92.8 91.8 91.7 91.0 91.3 91.0 Engineers (portable and hoisting) 1907__________ 1908— _____ 1909__________ 1910__________ 1911__________ 1912__________ 1913__________ 1914__________ 1915__________ 1916__________ 1917__________ 1918__________ 1919__________ 1920__________ 1921__________ 1922__________ 1923__________ 1924__________ 1925__________ 1926__________ 1927__________ 1928__________ 1929__________ 1930__________ 1931__________ 1932__________ 1933__________ 1934__________ 1935__________ 19361________ 1937__________ 41.8 43.0 43.6 43.6 44.1 46. 5 53.2 58.3 75.5 76.7 72.2 79.8 84.8 88.5 93.4 96.4 100.4 100.0 107.7 107.7 100.7 99.6 101.4 103.1 104.2 112.6 105.6 104.1 104.0 103. 5 103.1 102.4 100.8 100.3 99.8 99.4 99.1 98.7 98.7 99.0 99.2 100.8 99.7 100.0 95.1 93.7 92.6 91.7 89.7 89.2 89.7 89.5 37.9 38. 9 39. 7 40. 4 40.4 41.0 41.7 42.8 42.9 43.3 44.8 48.1 53.4 72.8 72.3 70.4 79.7 84.3 89.2 94.7 97.0 97.8 100.0 102.4 102.2 87.5 85.2 84.5 84.2 84.7 90.6 112.0 109. 6 107.3 105.3 104.9 104.9 104.7 104.2 104.1 103.9 103.6 103.6 103.4 103.3 103.3 103.3 103.3 103.2 103.1 103.2 102.7 102.7 100.0 97.6 96.1 93.9 94.9 93.3 93.2 93.2 94.1 Glaziers 45.9 49.1 71.0 72.2 72.4 76.7 80.9 90.0 91. 2 97.4 98.5 100.0 104.6 105.3 88.2 88.0 93.2 94.1 95.5 104.6 101.6 101.6 101.2 101.6 101.7 101.2 101.2 100.8 101.2 101.5 101.1 100.0 96.8 95. 1 92.9 92.9 88.1 87.5 87.8 87.9 32.0 34.0 35.9 37.6 38.1 38.9 39. 5 40.1 40.6 41.8 45.5 50.5 58.2 77.8 78.4 72.7 81.0 86.7 88.5 95.0 98.1 98.4 100.0 104.0 104.2 85.4 85.2 86.7 87.8 92.3 98.3 107.2 105.6 104.4 103.1 102.6 102.5 102.4 102.0 102.0 102.0 102.0 100.9 100.3 100.4 100.3 100.4 100.7 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.0 100.0 96.9 95.4 93.0 91.6 90.8 90.4 90.5 90.3 Granite cutters 36.6 36. 8 37.4 37.6 37.7 38.1 40.1 40. 3 40. 5 42. 2 43. 8 52.2 61.7 76.0 83.7 83.5 85.1 85.8 86.8 97.7 97.1 98.2 100.0 105.1 105. 2 94.2 90.7 90.6 90. 5 90.5 91.0 102. 5 102. 3 102. 3 101. 9 101. 6 101.2 100.0 100.4 100.4 100. 3 100. 3 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.1 99.3 99.9 100.2 100.3 100.1 100.3 100.3 100.0 95.2 94.4 94.8 93.6 92.1 92.1 91.5 91.9 38.5 38.4 39.6 40.0 41.5 41.5 42. 5 42.9 43.3 43.7 46.2 51.0 57.2 77.7 80.3 74.5 81.5 90.1 90.6 96.7 101.0 100.0 100.0 106.6 107.0 93.4 91.2 92.1 92.6 95.0 101.9 109.1 108.1 108.9 108.7 107.7 107.7 106.5 105.8 105.8 104.2 103.0 102.5 101.7 101.2 101.2 31.3 34.2 35.3 36.3 36.7 37.1 37.9 39.1 39.9 40.7 43.3 48.2 55.2 72.8 75.4 110.3 109. 5 108.8 108.2 108.0 107.6 107.2 106.8 106.2 105.3 104.9 104.2 103.3 103.0 103.0 101.1 101.1 101.1 100.8 100.8 100.5 99.9 100.0 96.1 95.0 93.9 95.7 92.2 92.0 91.6 91.7 71.1 73.8 82.4 86.7 91.3 95.1 96.0 100.0 101.8 103.2 98.5 89.9 90.1 94.4 96.9 101.1 103.0 103.0 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.9 102.4 100.0 97.6 96.6 94.3 94.3 88.7 85.1 85.4 89.6 Lathers 39.4 40.3 41. 0 41. 5 42. 7 44. 4 47.9 53.3 76.0 77.2 72.5 80.1 86.4 94. 2 96.6 100.5 100.8 100.0 104.3 103.7 93.1 89.7 92.1 93.1 95.5 101.8 104.0 104.0 104.0 103.5 103. 5 103.0 103.0 102.7 102.1 101.9 102.0 102.3 102.1 101.8 101.5 101.0 100.5 100.0 94.3 93.8 93.3 92.9 87.5 87.4 86.5 87.7 i M inor corrections have been made in the indexes for some trades for 1936. Marble setters 38.4 38. 8 39.0 39. 5 39. 9 40.1 42.7 43. 2 43.6 43. 8 43.8 46.1 51.2 67.7 68.8 67.4 76.2 79.7 81.4 91.0 92.9 93.4 100.0 100.3 100.8 92.3 89.2 88.8 89.4 89.9 95.1 102.6 102. 6 101. 5 101. 3 100.9 100. 9 100. 9 100. 7 100. 7 100. 5 100. 4 100.4 100.0 100.0 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 94.7 93.0 92.0 91.9 90.9 90.9 90.8 90.8 41.8 42.1 43.1 46.2 49.2 57.3 73.6 77.4 72.4 76.9 86.3 90.5 95.3 102. 7 102.2 102.1 101.6 101.6 100.9 100.8 100.7 100.4 100.5 100.5 100.4 100.4 98.8 99.8 100.0 104.7 105.2 97.9 91.0 91.2 91.3 92.4 96.0 100.4 100.4 100.0 96.8 95.0 95.0 93.0 92.2 91.9 92.6 92.4 Mosaic and terrazzo workers 37. 7 39. 7 42.9 46.1 68.2 69.4 67.4 69.0 81.5 85.7 87.5 91.1 95.3 100.0 104.7 105.6 97.2 89.5 90.8 90.8 91.1 95.4 103. 9 103.9 m 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.3 100.2 100.2 99.9 99.9 100.0 94.5 93.6 89.8 91.0 90.9 90.3 89.4 90.0 2 10 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T able 2 . — Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1937— Continued Painters Plasterers Plumbers and gas fitters Roofers— composition Roofers— slate and tile Sheet-metal workers Year Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage Hours Wage rate rate rate rate rate Hours Wage rate Hours 33.8 34.5 34.7 35.7 36.8 105.4 105.3 105.3 105.3 105.0 1907__________ 1908__________ 1909.................. 1910__________ 1911__________ 27.5 30.5 32. 6 34. 6 35.3 114.1 112.3 110.7 109.3 108.6 39.9 39.8 40.1 40.5 40.8 108.8 108.3 108.3 108.2 108.8 37.8 38.2 38.8 39.1 41.4 104.7 104.8 104.8 104.6 104.3 1912__________ 1913__________ 1914__________ 1915__________ 1916__________ 35.7 37.3 38.5 38.7 42.3 108.5 107.9 107.6 107.6 106.9 41.6 42.0 42.2 42.4 43.9 107.5 107.5 107.4 106.9 105.8 41.6 43.0 43.6 43.9 44.3 103.5 103.5 103.1 103.1 102.6 36.2 37.1 37.4 103.7 103.7 103.7 37.0 38.4 39.5 104.0 104.0 103.6 37.6 39.3 40.7 41.3 42.0 103.7 103.5 103.4 103.2 102.8 1917__________ 1918__________ 1919__________ 1920__________ 1921__________ 43.6 48.1 56.3 76.7 78.9 106.8 106.3 106.1 103.0 103.1 45.2 47.6 54.9 71.7 75.6 105.7 105.4 105.4 105.2 104.9 45.8 50.6 57.2 74.0 77.4 102.5 101.6 101.3 101.3 101.1 39.5 44.8 49.8 70.8 74.2 103.0 102.5 102.5 102.5 100.6 42.1 46.1 52.5 67.9 73.9 101.8 101.8 101.5 101.5 101.4 43.8 51.3 56.6 75.9 78.7 102.7 101.6 101.2 100.8 100.8 1922__________ 1923__________ 1924__________ 1925__________ 1926__________ 73.8 81.0 85.3 90.0 95.4 103.9 103.6 103.5 103.8 103.4 72.7 81.0 90.6 92.1 98.9 105.0 105.5 105.6 105.3 102.2 71.9 79.4 86.6 88.4 95.2 101.1 101.1 101.1 101.1 101.1 71.0 71.9 83.3 85.8 93.3 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 70.7 78.8 87.3 91.3 94.3 101.3 101.6 101.2 101.2 101.2 73.0 78.6 86.3 89.2 95.3 100.7 100.7 100.7 100.7 100.7 1927__________ 1928__________ 1929__________ 1930__________ 1931__________ 98.6 100.2 100.0 105.6 106.1 103.0 100.3 100.0 98.9 98.0 101.1 101.2 100.0 105.0 104.7 101.8 100.9 100.0 97.7 97.0 97.2 99.2 100.0 103.9 105.1 100.9 100.9 100.0 95.4 94.1 95.9 99.1 100.0 106.0 106.7 100.6 100.5 100.0 96.1 94.9 98.8 99.0 100.0 103.1 103.5 101.2 101.2 100.0 95.7 94.1 98.2 96.3 100.0 104.6 106.2 100.4 100.1 100.0 96.3 94.7 1932__________ 1933__________ 1934__________ 1935__________ 19361_______ „ 1937__________ 89.6 87.8 86.4 86.7 91.1 97.7 97.9 97.7 85.6 85.5 85.9 85.9 87.1 83.7 84.6 85.6 86.1 94.9 95.2 97.2 93.1 91.6 90.1 90.2 91.4 90.6 91.4 92.8 95.2 100.4 93.7 93.3 92.4 91.8 90.6 91.1 93.2 91.2 93.0 95.6 96.2 103.7 93.9 95.1 92.6 92.5 93.1 93.2 89.9 87.7 87.2 89.5 90.2 96.9 94.1 94.1 93.8 92.6 93.4 93.3 92.1 89.4 89.7 90.4 92. 2 98. 9 93.3 93.2 91.9 92.0 91.9 92.0 Sign painters 1907__________ 1908 _________ 1909-............... 1910____ _____ 1911__________ 1912__________ 1913__________ 39.9 1914__________ 40.1 1915_______ . . . 40.1 40.9 1916__________ 1917__________ 42.7 1918__________ 46.7 1919__________ 56.1 1920__________ 75.7 78.5 1921__________ 1922__________ 77.8 1923__________ 84.0 1924__________ 95.7 1925__________ 96.7 96.2 1926__________ 98.9 1927__________ 1928__________ 99.0 1929__________ 100.0 1930__________ 99.9 99.8 1931__________ 1932__________ 90.1 83.2 1933__________ 1934__________ 82.9 1935__________ 85.6 19361.......... . 87.6 96.8 1937_________ 106.7 106.3 106.0 106.1 105.6 105.5 105.4 105.3 105.4 105.4 103.4 101.6 101.6 103.7 101.8 101.7 100.0 99.1 98.1 97.6 97.8 95.1 93.1 92.9 92.9 Steam and sprinkler fitters 33.8 34. 2 38.9 36.1 37.3 37.9 39.3 40.0 40.9 41.7 43.3 47.3 53.2 70.2 71.1 69.5 72.9 83.6 88.0 95.3 98.0 99.4 100.0 104.9 105.5 90.9 88.2 89.2 90.7 93.7 98.8 105.9 105.9 105.6 105.0 104.9 104.2 103.8 102.5 102.5 102.2 102.1 101.1 101.0 100.9 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.7 100.5 100.5 100.0 95.5 94.5 93.6 93.1 92.5 92.2 92.4 92.5 Stonecutters Stonemasons Structuraliron workers 38.1 38. 2 38. 2 38.4 38.5 38.6 39.6 41.1 41.4 41.8 43.8 46.7 55.5 72.7 74.7 71.7 78.2 84.0 87.5 95.4 95.1 95.5 100.0 100.7 101.0 93.7 84.7 85.1 85.1 86.3 88.3 34.7 35. 2 35. 3 35. 6 36.0 36.4 37.6 38.7 39.1 39.7 41.2 45.2 50.7 70.7 72.4 67.4 79.7 84.5 86.1 94.9 96.1 97.3 100.0 101.5 102.0 90.5 84.5 84.4 84.2 85.2 94.1 31.8 34. 7 37.2 39. 5 40.5 41.2 42.5 43.3 43.3 44.0 46.6 53.4 60.1 76.2 77.6 70.5 75.1 85.0 85.9 92.4 99.0 99.2 100.0 105.5 106.5 92.3 91.3 92.5 93.2 95.6 104.4 101.2 101. 2 101. 2 101. 2 101.2 100.9 100.8 100.8 100.8 100.4 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.1 100.1 100.3 100.1 100.1 100.2 100.0 96.9 96.4 94.3 94.3 93.0 92.7 92.8 92.8 106.8 106.8 106.8 105. 2 104.5 104.5 104.4 104.4 104.3 104.1 104.0 104.0 103.4 103.4 103.5 103.4 103.4 103.1 103.1 103.3 103.1 103.0 100.0 96.6 94.9 94.5 93.8 93.4 93.3 93.3 93.3 i M inor corrections have been made in the indexes for some trades for 1936, 108.1 105. 9 104. 5 103.4 103.2 102.1 101.7 101.5 101.5 101.2 101.0 100.7 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.2 100.5 100.5 100.4 100.0 96.9 95.8 93.4 93.1 91.8 90.7 90.6 90.2 Tile layers 42.7 44.8 45.0 45.3 45.9 48.2 49.6 54.1 72.8 72.2 71.0 77.6 88.1 90.2 94.6 99.0 98.9 100.0 104.5 105.6 91.1 88.3 88.3 89.0 90.7 97.1 102.8 102.3 102.3 101.9 101.4 101.1 101.1 100.7 100.4 100.5 100.3 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.5 100.2 100.0 94.8 93.6 92.6 92.4 86.2 86.2 86.1 89.8 TREND OF U N IO N WAGE RATES AN D HOURS, 19 0 7 - 3 7 11 T able 2.— Indexes of union hourly wage rates and weekly hours in each building trade, 1907 to 1937— Continued Building laborers H od carriers (masons’ tenders) Plasterers’ laborers Elevator constructors’ helpers Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers Marble setters’ helpers Year Tile layers’ helpers W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours W age Hours rate rate rate rate rate rate rate 26.4 26.8 26.9 29.1 29.3 103.1 103.0 102.8 101.8 101.7 100. 5 100. 5 100.1 100.1 100.1 30. 2 31.0 31.6 32.5 33.0 101.6 101. 3 102.0 102.0 101.7 36.1 36.8 37.1 38.4 39.8 103.0 102.5 102.5 100.9 100.6 40.6 42.5 48.6 82.0 81.9 100.1 100.1 100.0 100.0 100.2 35.1 40.5 48.6 70.4 72.2 101.7 100.3 100.2 100.2 100.2 40.8 42.1 51.0 83.5 84.4 99.8 99.8 99.5 99.5 99.6 76.2 82.3 89.2 84.6 93.9 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 100.2 74.1 78.7 87.2 89.7 95.0 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.3 100.2 79.3 81.1 88.3 90.8 98.4 99.6 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 100.5 93.3 100.5 94.3 100.0 100.0 96.2 101.7 94.7 101.8 100.0 100.1 100.0 95.9 94.2 99.3 101.4 100.0 109.3 109.3 100.4 100.0 100.0 92.1 91.8 99.5 101.5 100.0 108.5 108.5 100.5 100.5 100.0 93.6 92.6 91.7 95.8 91.6 91.4 91.1 91.5 91.1 94.6 91.5 96.0 91.8 101.2 91.4 91 5 87.6 76.3 76.3 81.6 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 35.0 35.2 35.3 36.7 36.8 108.5 108. 5 108.1 105. 5 105. 5 33.1 33. 2 33.3 33. 8 34.1 110.5 110. 5 110.1 109. 2 108. 6 34.1 35.6 36.0 36.2 36.2 106.6 106. 2 105.9 105.9 105.8 1912 1913 1914.. 1915.. 1916.. 37.2 38.8 39.2 39.4 41.2 105.5 105.5 105.2 105.2 104.6 34.3 34.8 35.2 35.4 36.5 107.8 107.8 106.4 106.4 106.4 36.6 37.5 38.3 38.4 39.4 105.3 105.3 105.4 105.4 104.4 37.5 37.8 38.8 102.9 102.2 102.2 35.8 37.9 38.1 38.1 38.1 1917.. 1918.. 1919.. 1920.. 1921.. 45.5 53.4 60.5 87.7 88.2 103.5 103.0 101.1 100.0 100.0 40.7 47.5 55.6 80.8 81.2 106.3 106.3 105.9 105.7 105.7 42.1 48.5 55.3 80.1 82.7 104.2 104.2 103.8 103.8 103.4 40.9 43.6 52.9 74.1 77.5 101.7 101.7 100.9 100.7 100.5 1922.. 1923.. 1924.. 1925.. 1926.. 82.8 84.4 93.9 89.7 98.7 99.3 100.0 97.7 99.8 100.0 67.3 73.5 76.8 85.8 93.5 105.9 105.9 105.8 105.7 105.8 72.6 80.0 86.0 91.7 97.1 103.4 103.5 103.4 103.3 99.9 73.8 77.3 85.2 89.2 96.1 100.6 100.6 100.6 100.5 100.5 1927.. 1928.. 1929.. 1930.. 1931.. 99.1 99.5 100.0 105.5 103.9 105.8 98.0 105.8 99.6 100.0 100.0 99.3 106.0 98.8 105.6 99.8 100.1 100.0 97.4 96.6 99.0 100.9 100.0 105.4 105.7 1932.. 1933.. 1934.. 1935.. 19361. 1937.. 89.4 84.2 87.3 88.6 96.2 105.3 96.3 94. 7 91.8 90.7 89.2 89.2 96.9 88.9 88.4 88.6 89.5 91.8 100.2 95.7 100.1 95.8 100.0 100.0 98.1 103.8 97.0 103.5 93.6 93.2 89.1 89.0 89.5 89.7 85.8 84.7 90.3 87.4 92.1 99.1 96.6 96.1 94.3 94.2 94.0 94.3 87.6 82.5 84.8 86.2 88.0 95.8 94.7 92.5 91.8 91.5 92.1 91.7 93.2 90. 7 90.9 91.5 91.6 97.0 93.8 94.3 94.0 91.6 92.3 91.9 92.3 93.0 92.2 93.2 92.2 100.0 1 M inor corrections have been made in the indexes for some trades for 1936. Between 1936 and 1937 the index of union scales of hours per week changed by more than 1 percent for only four journeyman crafts. The indexes of hour scales for electricians increased 4.9 percent and for tile layers 4.4 percent, while lathers and bricklayers had increases of slightly more than 1 percent. Among the helpers and laborers the only change of more than 1 percent was an increase of 7 percent among tile layers' helpers. With the exception of bricklayers, these crafts were among those whose scales of hours per week fell most from the 1929 level. Since data for boilermakers and machinists were first gathered in 1937 for this and the preceding year, it is not possible to give an index number for these crafts comparable to those for the other crafts. The changes from 1936 to 1937 in comparable quotations for these two trades were as follows: Percentage change from 1936 Wage rate Boilermakers___________ Machinists______________ ------- 3 60471°— 38- Hours + 2. 4 +14.7 — 0. 1 —. 4 Changes in U nion Scales Betw een 1936 and 1937 4 Increases in wage rates were reported for 1,254, or about 62 per cent, of the quotations which were comparable with 1936. (See table 3.) Only 19 quotations—less than 1 percent— were lower than the comparable figure for 1936, while 759, or 37 percent, remained unchanged. More than half of all the building-trades union mem bers in 1937 were covered by union scales which were higher than the corresponding scales for 1936. Only 0.1 percent had decreases, while rates for 48.1 percent continued at the 1936 level. Approximately the same proportion of increases were reported for journeymen as for helpers and laborers. However, the proportion of members affected by these rate increases was somewhat larger among the latter (57.9 percent) than among the journeymen (50.5 percent). Increases in wage scales were reported for 70 percent or more of the quotations comparable with 1936 for the following journeyman trades: Asbestos workers, boilermakers, bricklayers, plasterers, and sheet-metal workers, and for composition roofers’ helpers, plumbers’ and plasterers’ laborers, and tile layers’ helpers among the unskilled groups. At the other end of the scale were the granite cutters, with only 6 increases out of 36 comparable quotations. No craft had a significant number of decreases. Since the number of workers covered by a wage scale may vary from a handful to several thousand, the proportion of union members affected by the changes varied considerably from the proportion of changes in quotations. Thus, wage increases affected the largest proportion of members among machinists, glaziers, and sign painters in the journeyman crafts. In addition to these occupations, at least half of the members were affected by wage increases in the following trades: Asbestos workers, cement finishers, engineers, painters, * Certain anomalies enter into a comparison of average rates between 2 years when such averages reflect not only the actual rates provided for in the agreements but the number of union members for that year in each local union covered b y the reported rates. B y and large, it would be expected that a general increase in actual rates would be accompanied b y a corresponding increase in the average rate paid to union mem bers, but if union membership increases most (or decreases least) in the lower-paid crafts or in areas with less-than-average rates, the change in the average of the rates paid to all union members m ay not increase correspondingly or m ay even show a decrease. Conversely, the average rate m ay increase in spite o f a downward swing in actual rates, if union membership declines sufficiently in the lower-paid crafts or in areas where lower-than-average rates are paid. Because the averages do not accurately reflect changes from year to year, no table comparing 1936 and 1937 averages is included in this report. For the trends of actual union rates, the tables of indexes (tables 1 and 2) should be consulted. These tables are so computed as to eliminate the effect of fluctuating member ships at various rates. For a fuller discussion on averages and indexes, see p. 6, 12 CHANGES IN U N IO N SCALES B E T W E E N 1 9 3 6 AND 193 7 13 plasterers, roofers of both types, steam and sprinkler fitters, stone masons, and structural-iron workers. Granite and stone cutters shared least in the general advance in wage rates, while only about a fourth of the boilermakers and a third of the mosaic and terrazzo workers received increases. Wage rate advances affected more than 85 percent of the plumbers’ laborers and more than half of the mem bers in all the other helpers’ and laborers’ occupations except marble setters’ helpers and elevator constructors’ helpers. The few decreases were scattered among 11 journeyman crafts and 4 helpers’ and laborers’ groups. In no craft did decreases affect more than 2 percent of the members. T able 3 .— Number of changes in union wage-rate quotations, and percentage of members affected, May 15, 1987, compared with May 15, 1986 Number of quo tations compa rable with 1936 Trade Number of quotations showing— In crease De crease No change Percentage of union members affected In crease De crease No change ______ 2,032 1,254 19 759 51.8 0.1 48.1 Journeymen______________________________ 1,662 1,023 15 624 50.5 .1 49.4 Asbestos workers_____________________ Boilermakers _ ___________________ Bricklayers...................................... Carpenters___________ ____ ________ . __ 50 25 72 89 36 18 53 60 1 14 7 18 29 68.0 24.4 43.3 47.8 .2 32.0 75.6 56.5 52.2 Cement f i n i s h e r s . ...................... .......... Electricians, inside wiremen__________ Elevator constructors___ _____________ Engineers, portable and hoisting______ Glaziers_______________________________ 64 79 93 158 49 42 47 53 89 32 20 32 40 66 17 50.0 38.8 44.5 60.2 82.5 Granite cutters_______________________ Lathers ____ _____________________ M a c h in is t s .____ _ ________________ Marble setters________________ ______ Mosaic and terrazzo workers__________ 36 72 14 59 45 6 46 8 36 25 29 26 6 22 20 5.8 47. 7 82.9 44.3 32.9 Painters______________________________ Plasterers_____________________________ Plumbers and gas fitters_____________ Roofers, com p osition _________________ Roofers, slate and tile_________________ 72 69 70 40 33 42 50 42 27 23 29 18 28 13 10 58.0 56.1 43. 7 62.4 55.0 Sheet-metal workers____________ ____ Sign painters__________________________ Steam and sprinkler fitters____________ Stonecutters___ _____ __________ _____ Stonemasons___________ _______ ______ 56 60 78 57 62 40 31 49 22 42 1 16 27 29 35 19 62.0 73.4 50. 7 18.5 55.9 Structural-iron workers____ __________ Tile layers.......... ........... ................... ........ 100 60 65 39 1 1 34 20 58.8 49.5 Helpers and laborers___________ ______ ___ 370 231 4 135 57.9 .2 41.9 Building laborers_____________________ Composition roofers’ helpers_________ Elevator constructors’ helpers_________ H od carriers (masons’ tenders)________ 73 10 76 53 44 8 43 33 1 28 2 33 19 58.6 62. 7 33.3 52.2 .1 41.3 37.3 66.7 47.4 Marble setters’ helpers______ ____ _____ Plasterers' laborers__________ ___ ___ Plumbers* laborers____________________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers....... Tile layers’ helpers............................... . 29 45 12 42 30 19 33 9 21 21 9 12 3 21 8 44.0 62.2 86.9 58.4 63.5 A ll building trades____________ 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 .5 .1 1.1 .4 .1 .4 49.5 61.2 55.5 39.7 17.5 93.1 52.3 17.1 55.3 67.1 41.9 43.5 56.3 37.6 45.0 .1 38.0 25.0 49.3 81. 5 44.0 .2 .2 41.0 50.3 1.6 .4 .8 .4 55.2 37.8 13.1 41.6 36.1 14 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TBADES Over 81 percent of the quotations reporting wage-rate increases indicated that the amount of increase was 10 percent or more. These quotations covered more than 83 percent of the members who re ceived any increases in rates. The distribution of increases, according to the amount of increase, is shown in table 4. The majority of the increases in the journeyman trades were 10 percent or better. There were 188 increases of 25 percent and over, 135 of 20 to 25 percent, 163 of 15 to 20 percent, 375 of 10 to 15 percent, and 162 of less than 10 percent. Nearly half the journeymen who received any increases had their scales raised between 10 and 15 percent, and more than one-third received increases of 15 percent and over. Each of the journeyman trades had more increases of 10 percent or more than of under 10 percent. Tile layers reported the majority of their increases as being 25 percent or greater. Lathers, machinists, mosaic and terrazzo workers, and plasterers had half their increases ranging above 20 percent. Advances of 15 percent or more were shown for over half the increases gained by bricklayers, cement finishers, marble setters, slate and tile roofers, and stonemasons. Machinists, plasterers, and stonemasons reported that more than half of their members who received increases were advanced 20 percent or more. Bricklayers, lathers, marble setters, and slate and tile roofers each had increases of 15 percent and higher for a majority of their members who had pay raises. Elevator construction was the only trade for which the range of increases was under 10 percent for as many as half of the members affected by pay raises. Over 78 percent of the members in the helper and laborer trades who had increases were advanced a minimum of 10 percent, and over half were raised 15 percent or more. There were 45 increases of 25 percent and over, 26 of 20 to 25 percent, 40 of 15 to 20 percent, 48 of 10 to 15 percent, and 72 of less than 10 percent. More than half the increases for plumbers’ laborers ranged from 20 percent upward. Four other helper and laborer trades had more increases of 15 percent and over than of under 15 percent, and three others reported the majority of their increases as amounting to 10 percent or more. Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers was the only trade for which the greater number of increases was under 10 percent. Three of the helper and laborer trades reported over half their membership having any increases as being raised at least 15 percent, and three others reported over half as being raised 10 percent or more. In each of the other three trades over half the members with raises were included in the increases of 5 percent and over. CHANGES IN U N IO N SCALES B E T W E E N 1 9 3 6 AND 15 193 7 T a b l e 4 . — Num ber of increases in union wage-rate quotations, by percentage of increase , M a y 15, 1937, compared with M a y 15, 1936 Number of quotations showing increases of— Trade 5% Less and than un 5% der 10% 10% and un der 15% 15% and un der 20% Total members affected b y in creases of— 20% 5% and 25% Less and un and than un der over 5% der 25% 10% 10% and un der 15% 15% and un der 20% 20% and 25% un and der over 25% A ll building trades_____________ 67 167 423 203 161 233 1.8 6.7 22.7 6.7 6.7 7.2 Journeymen. 46 116 375 163 135 188 2.0 5.6 24.4 5.8 6.7 6.0 6 4 1 3 4 2 7 2 14 7 16 23 15 4 1 12 7 6 4 4 16 4 3 5 2 7 15 15 Electricians, inside wiremen_____ Elevator con structors___ __ _ Engineers, portable and hoisting.. Glaziers.............. ............ . . . . . . . Granite cutters....................... ......... 1 13 2 1 5 12 12 6 25 12 37 10 5 3 15 13 7 4 1 14 2 1 Lathers__________________________ Machinists_ ______ _______ . . _ M arble setters______ ______ _____ M osaic and terrazzo workers Painters.............................................. 3 7 1 6 3 4 4 3 7 6 25 9 1 6 2 4 9 2 8 2 4 14 2 8 12 3 2.6 8.9 13.7 21. 8 2. 9 52.6 .8 11.2 8.7 14.3 7.2 8. 2 9. 0 2. 8 3. 7 5.6 1.6 40.2 2.0 4.0 Plasterers_______ _ ___ ._ . Plumbers and gas f i t t e r s .___ . . . Roofers, com position.. _. Roofers, slate and tile------------------Sheet-metal workers_____ _______ 3 2 7 5 2 1 3 7 18 14 9 20 8 10 7 7 7 11 4 2 2 4 14 3 2 3 4 2.4 14.0 2.8 7.7 13.5 15.7 .4 3.2 25.2 7.6 6.0 1.3 2. 6 35. 6 20.1 2. 5 1. 6 3.1 1.2 13.2 31.4 2.4 3.7 3.4 13.0 27.7 11.7 4.4 1.8 3 4 2 4 7 5 15 26 12 11 26 8 3 10 2 9 6 4 3 4 2 12 11 2 7 3 2 6 15 20 21 51 48 40 26 45 9 3 7 9 3 4 1 13 6 3 4 2 2 5 4 16 8 11 2 13 5 4 2 7 1 10 3 5 2 1 7 4 3.0 14.7 17.3 15.4 52.8 9.9 7.7 9.6 3. 5 15. 2 10 1 2 6 1 3 3 5 3 3 2 3 4.9 41.7 5.5 37.5 4.4 6.7 1.3 3.5 ____ ______ __________ Asbestos workers____________ . . . Boilermakers__________ ____ _ __ Bricklayers______________________ Carpenters______________________ Cement finishers.____ ___________ Sign painters . __________ Steam and sprinkler fitters_______ Stonecutters_______ . . . . . . . . . . Stonemasons _. _____ __________ . Structural-iron workers__ ____ Tile layers________________ „ . . . Helpers and laborers.-----------------------Building laborers___________ ____ _ Composition roofers’ helpers___ _ Elevator constructors’ helpers H od carriers (masons’ tenders) M arble setters’ helpers___________ Plasterers’ laborers------- ----------Plumbers’ laborers... __________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ help ers_____ _______ _______ _______ Tile layers’ helpers_______________ 2 1 2 2 2 9 11 6 8.0 19.2 25.2 1.5 10.6 3.5 7. 6 7. 3 1. 2 6. 9 1. 4 3. 3 9.1 11. 9 14. 8 4. 2 1.0 6.2 23.1 4.6 5.6 7.3 3.3 5.5 16.9 7.4 2.8 14.1 1.5 3.4 25.4 2.0 11. 7 11. 8 8. 3 12. 3 .3 7.9 31.6 7.8 1.2 29.6 22.8 19.9 5.5 4.5 .4 8.8 4. 2 .3 1.6 16.3 3.0 3.4 2.0 3. 8 4.8 4.6 5. 6 2.1 9. 2 4.6 7. 2 44.3 3. 2 4.9 13. 8 1.7 33.3 10.1 2.0 .6 1.8 7.0 .3 4.5 1.5 8. 6 7. 2 6. 0 10. 9 23. 2 4.4 25. 3 7.1 10. 3 11. 7 16.1 9.1 11.9 1. 4 11. 0 .8 11.9 14.1 11.1 10.2 6.8 10.2 11.6 8 3.1 5 5. 5 7.0 13.0 13.4 11.5 6.7 16.8 36. 6 2. 5 16.8 .3 3.8 7.4 18. 5 15. 3 12.0 3. 3 13.8 5. 6 8. 7 10. 4 1.7 7.9 4.4 2.4 Hours.—Increases in scales of hours between 1936 and 1937 were reported in 56 quotations and decreases in 74. The great bulk of union quotations continued their same scale of hours. The increases affected 3.0 percent of all the members and the decreases 3.6 percent. Changes in hour scales affected a somewhat larger proportion of helpers and laborers than journeymen. Furthermore, while more journey men had their hours reduced than increased, the reverse was true with reference to the helpers’ occupations. The most widespread changes in scales of hours occurred among the electricians, with 18.3 percent of the members having increases and 16 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES 28.5 percent decreases. The most significant increases were in Chicago, Cleveland, and Portland, Oreg. Increases were mostly from 30 to 40 hours. In Chicago, however, an arrangement under which men worked only every other week, to average 20 hours a week, was dropped and the scale of hours returned to 40 per week. In Okla homa City hours were increased from 40 to 44. While 10.7 percent of the tile layers and 16.4 percent of their helpers had hours length ened, these were practically all in Chicago, where a share-the-work arrangement was abandoned on May 1, 1937, and the scale of hours was raised from 24 to 40 per week. The most consistent movement toward a shorter scale of hours during the year was found among the structural-iron workers. T a b l e 5 . — Num ber o f changes in union hour quotations, and percentage o f members affected, M a y 15, 1987, compared with M a y 15, 1936 Number of quota tions compara ble with 1936 Trade Num ber of quotations showing— In crease De crease No change Percentage of union members affected In crease D e crease No change A ll building trades. ......................................... 2,032 56 74 1,902 3.0 3.6 93.4 Journeymen__________________ ____________ 1,662 45 63 1,554 2.3 3.4 94.3 Asbestos workers______________________ Boilermakers__________________________ Bricklayers __________________________ Carpenters.. ________________________ Cement finishers______________________ 50 25 72 89 64 2 1 2 1 1 4 1 48 24 69 84 60 2.8 .3 1.4 1.8 1.2 .2 2.0 .7 98.2 98.8 97.0 97.7 97.9 Electricians, inside wiremen__________ Elevator constructors __ _____ Engineers, portable and hoisting______ Glaziers________ ______ _______________ Granite cutters_________ _______ ____ __ 79 93 158 49 36 6 6 3 67 90 137 44 35 18.3 16 2 28.5 1.9 5.7 .8 53.2 98.1 90.5 96.6 94.7 Lathers.___________ ______________ .. M achinists.____________ . . .. Marble setters________________________ Mosaic and terrazzo workers__________ Painters....................... ........... ................... 72 14 59 45 72 5 3 64 13 57 43 70 3.6 .3 4.4 .1 .2 96.1 95.6 99.7 96.0 99.5 _____ P lasterers_________ Plumbers and gas fitters______________ Roofers, com p osition ...____ __________ Roofers, slate and tile ____ ______ Sheet-metal workers .................. 69 70 40 33 56 2 4 Sign painters............................................... Steam and sprinkler fitte rs ____ ______ Stonecutters.Stonemasons__________ _______ _______ Structural-iron workers Tile layers_____ ______________________ 60 78 57 62 100 60 l 2 Helpers and laborers______________________ 370 Building laborers_____________________ Composition roofers’ helpers _________ Elevator constructors’ helpers_________ H od carriers (masons’ tenders)________ 73 10 76 53 M a r hi a setters’ helpers 29 45 12 42 30 Plasterers’ laborers______________ ___ Pliim h^ rs’ la.hnre.fs Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers-----Tile layers’ helpers . . _____ 1Less than H of 1percent. o 3 5 1 I 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 i 67 64 38 32 55 3.8 2.6 5.3 .2 3.8 .5 0) .6 3.3 1.1 4.9 .8 .6 .3 1 57 73 55 60 91 57 10.7 .3 96.3 97.4 99.3 99.5 95.2 89.0 11 11 348 6.1 4.5 89.4 5 2 66 8 7.5 5.8 4.4 .3 3.3 1.9 .7 86.7 95.0 97.8 96.0 5.4 100.0 94.6 4 2 1 2 I 1 9 1 1 2 1 3 2 2 1 1 1 72 49 29 43 12 40 29 1.6 2.0 2.1 99.4 91.8 98.1 99.4 99.7 .6 .7 .5 0) 4.8 .6 100.0 3.4 16.4 1.4 95.2 83.6 U nion Wage Rates, 1937 D istribution o f Members by Wage Rates The average union rate per hour for all building trades in the 70 cities studied on M ay 15, 1937, was $1.26. Rates ranged from 40 cents to $2.31. Nearly half of the members had rates of $1.30 or higher and 83 percent had scales of $1 or more per hour. Over 20 percent of the members had rates between $ 1.50 and $ 1.60. A second ary concentration came in the classification of $1.20 and under $1.30, which included 17 percent of the total membership. The range for the combined journeyman trades was from 60 cents to $2.31, with half the journeymen having rates of $1.40 and over. Almost 26 percent of the journeyman membership received between $1.50 and $1.60 per hour; 10 percent between $1.40 and $1.50; 12 percent between $1.30 and $1.40; over 20 percent between $1.20 and $1.30, and 10 percent between $1.10 and $1.20. Less than 2 percent of the journeymen had rates of under $1 per hour. Eleven journeyman trades reported more than half their members on scales of $1.50 per hour or higher. No trade had as many as half their members working for less than $1.20. Boilermakers, with 53 percent of their membership having rates of $1.60 per hour or higher, had the highest median rate. Fifteen trades had their greatest con centration of membership at rates between $1.50 and $1.60 per hour. Scales of $1.10 to $1.20 were most frequent for two trades; $1.20 to $1.30 for five trades; $1.40 to $1.50 for three trades; and $1.60 to $1.70 for boilermakers. Portable and hoisting engineers reported 13.1 percent of their members as having scales of $2 or more per hour ; plasterers 9.2 percent; sign painters 7.8 percent; and structural-iron workers 2.6 percent. A few bricklayers and cement finishers also received rates of $2 or more. Machinists, composition roofers, and stonecutters were the only journeyman trades having as much as 5 percent of their membership working under scales of less than $1 per hour. Rates for the helper and laborer trades ranged from 40 cents to $1,517. Scales of $1 or more per hour were in effect for 16.4 percent of the members of these trades. More than one-third (38.2 percent) had rates between 85 cents and $1. The greatest concentration, 16.5 percent of the members, came in the classification of 95 cents to $1. 17 00 DISTRIBUTION OF UNION BUILDING TRADES WORKERS ACCORDING TO HOURLY WAGE RATES MAY 15,1937 PERCENT — 30 U N IO N HELPERS AND LABORERS B n JOURNEYM EN SCALES 20 IN .8 0 U .S. B u r e a u of L a b o r S t a t is t ic s .8 0 UNDER .9 0 LOO LIO L20 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 L50 1 .6 0 UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UNDER UO L.20 1 .3 0 1 .4 0 1 .5 0 1 .6 0 / .7 0 1 .7 0 UNDER 1 .8 0 L8 0 AND OVER TRADES ^ZZL .7 0 UNDER B U IL D IN G to XJNTOK WAGE BATES, 19 3 7 19 Four trades of the helper and laborer group had scales of $1 and over for more than half their members. Over half the building labor ers were receiving 75 cents or more per hour, almost 22 percent receiv ing between 95 cents and $1. A majority of the hod carriers had rates of 85 cents or higher, and a majority of the tile layers’ helpers were paid 95 cents or more. Marble setters’ helpers and steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers each had over 40 percent of their members on scales between $1.10 and $1.20. Elevator constructors’ helpers, plasterers’ laborers, and tile layers’ helpers had their greatest con centrations between $1 and $1.10 per hour. 60471°— 38--------- 4 T able 6 .— Distribution of union members in each building trade, by hourly wage rates, May 15, 1937 to o Percentage of union members whose rates (in cents) per hour were— Trade _________ _______________ 55 60 65 70 85 50 75 90 80 Un and and and and and and and and and der un un un un un un un un un 50 der der der der der der der der der 65 60 70 75 85 90 95 55 80 $1.260 1.363 — Asbestos workers.................... .......................... Boilermakers_____ ________ ______________ Bricklayers_______ ________________________ Carpenters...................... ................. ................. Cement finishers________________ _________ 1.509 1.407 1.201 1.339 1.299 1.527 Steam and sprinkler fitters________________ Stonecutters_______ _ ______________ _____ Stonemasons_________________________ ____ Structural-iron workers____________________ Tile layers___________ ______ ______________ 1.421 1.298 1.448 1.438 1.375 0) 1.454 1.344 1.439 1.296 1.312 Plasterers_________________________________ Plumbers and gasfitters___________________ Roofers, composition________ ______ _______ Roofers, slate and tile_______________ ______ Sheet-metal workers_______________________ Sign painters.^_______ _____________________ 1.5 — 1.406 1.360 1.556 1.360 1.177 Lathers. __________ ______________________ Machinists_____________________ ________ _ Marble setters_____________________________ Mosaic and terrazzo workers. _____ _______ Painters.................... ............ ... ................. ........ 1.9 — 1.8 0) 1.0 0) 1.360 1. 617 1.493 1.290 1.316 Electricians, inside wiremen_______________ Elevator constructors_____________________ Engineers, portable and h o is tin g .________ Glaziers____________ _ ____________________ Granite cutters_____ ________________ _____ 0.4 1.6 0.7 2.8 2.1 3.2 .3 .1 .3 .6 .1 1. 7 .4 .2 0) .1 .4 .5 .2 .1 1.6 .8 .3 .6 1.5 .4 .9 .1 1.9 9.5 .6 2.4 .l .1 95 100 110 120 and and and and un un un un der der der der 100 110 120 130 .1 .8 .2 9.9 3.4 .3 .1 .4 1.3 1.0 .2 1.0 0) .2 1.0 1.0 .1 7.0 180 and un der 190 190 and 200 un and der over 200 8.0 20.8 6.8 2.1 0.3 0.2 0.8 9.8 25.9 8.3 2.6 .4 .2 1.0 38.5 16.0 53.4 72. 3 11. 9 19.2 9.6 1.7 2.8 3.6 8.8 23.1 0) 2.0 5. 7 1.3 6. 3 7.6 20.0 19.0 2.0 12.6 33.4 16.5 9.5 20.4 3.8 1. 3 13.5 19.3 11.0 28.8 .3 8.8 11.8 5.7 49.3 3.1 .8 2.2 21. 7 18.8 7.4 44.6 21.6 17.1 17. 7 13.4 3.0 14.4 1.8 27.0 14. 2 13.5 31.1 6.4 21.6 14.3 18.4 21.7 16.5 .2 6.4 6.2 14. 5 15.6 2.6 16.3 1.5 8.3 0) 1.2 16. 7 4.8 28.0 .5 23.2 4.5 3.2 17.6 1 .0 10.7 23.7 19.6 2.9 12.2 1.3 3.5 10. 7 16.1 9.4 11.9 36.0 .i .3 12.2 9.1 2.0 26.0 8.6 19.3 24.1 18.0 29. 7 15.1 4.0 9.7 8.8 5.4 27.5 11.4 4. 7 2.6 18. 7 7.4 1.1 9.8 13.1 17.3 52.8 8.0 1.5 .3 6.9 19.3 15.3 42.4 8.3 1.3 3.3 1.4 25.1 3.6 49.9 4.8 1.4 4.3 14.1 14.2 59.4 1.1 9.6 10.2 33.5 12.7 27.4 4.2 2.4 . 1 4.0 23.6 .3 16.5 6. 7 39.4 6.9 .3 170 and un der 180 9.5 15.9 5.1 1.4 1.5 6.2 3.5 5.0 .3 8.1 19. 7 32.4 5.3 .1 0) 150 160 and and un un der der 160 170 8.0 10.1 20.6 11.7 8.0 9.4 17.1 130 140 and and un un der der 140 150 6.8 13.1 6.1 5.5 .2 2.7 4.3 1.6 4.2 9.2 6.3 13.1 10.6 7.8 .1 1.5 2.8 6.5 2 .6 9.1 4.6 57.9 33.9 .7 55.8 3.4 28. 7 11.4 5.9 10.8 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TBABES All building trades Journeymen_______________ ___________________ Aver age rate per hour Helpers and laborers 2______ __________ Building laborers_________________ Elevator constructors’ helpers_____ Hod carriers (masons’ tenders)-----Marble setters’ helpers-----------------Plasterers’ laborers_______________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers. Tile layers’ helpers_______________ 2.1 10.3 7.8 9.2 5.3 7.4 3.3 13.2 3.0 14.6 9.2 10.0 .4 7.4 15.2 1.1 4.2 6.9 .4 2.0 .3 7.9 3.9 7.4 2.6 2.4 1. 7 6.2 4.2 2.5 .6 7.4 1.3 13.3 .8 1.2 6.7 12.1 .5 10.3 .2 2.0 .5 1.9 1.2 8.5 16.5 6.2 1.9 .1 .4 2.9 11.6 6.9 21.6 14.1 5.1 12.7 51.7 10.0 22.6 17.9 8.7 7.0 3.4 15.9 12.4 8.1 8.8 41.9 2.4 .1 3.2 41.9 13.6 12.0 40.9 2.2 33.0 16.1 3.7 2.3 11.8 12.6 7.4 13.5 8.2 8.9 5.0 7.8 .4 — .1 — ........ 0) .2 3.7 1 Less than Ho of 1 percent. 2 Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. — ........ — 22 U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES Average Rates in Each City Averages of the combined journeyman rates and of the combined helper and laborer rates in each city, according to city size, are presented in table 7. The averages used were weighted according to the number of members in each local union covered by the reported rates. Thus the averages reflect not only the specific rates provided for in union agreements but also the number of persons presumably benefiting from these rates.5 Not all the trades had effective union scales in all the cities. This was especially true among the helper and laborer trades. Average rates of helpers and laborers are shown only for those cities in which there were effective scales for a consider able number of building laborers and at least one other helper trade. There was a direct variation in the averages of journeyman rates for all cities in each size group. Thus the average of all cities of over 1 million population (size I) was 9.3 cents an hour more than that for class II, 11.8 cents more than size III, 24.0 cents more than size IV, 27.2 cents more than size V. The difference in averages was com paratively slight (2.5 cents) between size II and size III cities, and between size IV and V cities (3.2 cents). This was largely due to the influence which the average rates in Washington, Newark, and Butte had on the group averages. Washington had the highest city average in the country and Newark’s average was exceeded only by Washington and Chicago. The high average for Washington resulted from generally high scales in all trades and not a high membership in any particular trade. Washington had the highest rate in the country for five journeyman trades and rates equal to the highest for five others. Newark had the highest rates for two journeyman trades and in the others had scales comparable with New York City. Chicago reported rates that were higher than those in New York City in 11 trades and lower in 12. Chicago however had scales of $1.50 and $1,667 for carpenters and painters, while New York reported $1.40 for carpenters and $1,286 for a majority of the painters. Since 5 W hile a comparison of average rates between cities where averages include the influence of the member ship factor m ay be somewhat misleading where membership is unusually large or small in comparison to the same trade in other cities, a weighted average of this kind is obviously more realistic than a simple average of specific rates. In the latter case, a wage rate in a trade including half a dozen members would be given the same importance as a trade including several hundred members. In order to discover the extent of the influence of weighting b y members upon the averages as given in table 7, a comparison was made with unweighted averages of the rates for 16 of the most widespread trades among the size III cities. The comparison revealed few significant differences either in the amounts or in the relative positions of the cities. As in the weighted averages, shown in table 7, Washington headed the list and N ew Orleans was at the bottom . The most marked differences appeared in the comparison of averages for Seattle, Houston, Dallas, and Birmingham, all of which showed higher unweighted than weighted averages. This was primarily due to the fact that in each of these cities the carpenter member ship was large and the carpenter rate was low in comparison to the other trades. U N IO N WAGE RATES, 193 7 23 these two trades comprised a very high percentage of the total member ship in both cities, the effect of these differentials tended decidedly to raise the average for Chicago above that of New York.6 In size V cities, Butte reported the highest rate for two journeyman trades and rates equal to the highest for five others. The combined city-size averages for the helper and laborer trades were not as uniform in their variation. The average for size I cities exceeded that of size II, but the size V average was higher than either IV or III, the average for the latter size being the lowest of any group. The absence of consistent differentials between the general averages of each group is primarily due to the fact that the most unskilled and therefore the lowest-paid work is not unionized in the smaller cities. The averages of union rates for these smaller cities, therefore, tend to be higher than they would be if rates for all building laborers and helpers were included. Likewise, since no city averages are indicated in the absence of union rates for at least one helper trade and a substantial number of laborers (see p. 22) a number of cities are missing entirely from size IV and size V groups. The list of remaining cities in table 7 thereby tends to include only cities which have relatively higher rates for their laborer and helper trades. 6 Effective June 1, 1937, there were numerous wage-rate changes in both N ew York and Chicago, which changes, particularly those for carpenters, would materially affect the city averages, and possibly change the relative position of the cities. See appendix, p. 68. T able to 7. — Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades, by cities and by city size, May 15 , 1937 C ITIE S H A V IN G A P O P U L A T IO N OF— II III IV 500,000 to 1,000,000 250,000 to 500,000 100,000 to 250,000 I Over 1,000,000 City Aver age City Aver age City Aver age City A ver age Journeymen Chicago, 111 . New York, N . Y _ . A v e r a g e fo r s iz e I c it ie s ____ Detroit, M ich __ Philadelphia, P a ______ _____ Los Angeles, Calif____________ $1. 536 1.466 1. 432 1. 371 1.199 1.156 $1.498 1.421 1. 399 1. 351 1. 339 A v e r a g e f o r s iz e I I c i t i e s .. 1. 317 Buffalo, N . Y _________ _______ 1. 226 Baltimore, M d _______________ 1.208 Milwaukee, W is________ San Francisco, Calif......... 1.179 St. Louis, M o . ______ _____ Cleveland, Ohio________ Boston, M a s s. . ________ Pittsburgh, Pa ...................... Washington, D . C ............ Newark, N .J ___________ Denver, Colo___________ Toledo, Ohio____ _______ Indianapolis, In d ___________ Cincinnati, O h io .......... .. Seattle, Wash___________ $1.579 1.504 1.392 1.368 1.342 1. 337 1. 331 A v e r a g e fo r s iz e m c it ie s . 1. 314 Kansas City, M o _______ 1.298 1.295 Minneapolis, M inn ____ 1.284 Rochester, N. Y ________ Houston, Tex___________ 1.257 1.253 St. Paul, M inn_________ Columbus, Ohio ........................ 1.230 Louisville, K y ______________ . 226 1.190 Portland, Oreg.__............ .. 1.176 Dallas, T ex ____________________ Birmingham, A la ___________ 1.150 1.144 Memphis, T enn _____________ Atlanta, Ga ___________________ 1.122 1.120 Providence, R. I ________ 1.030 New Orleans, La....... ....... 1 Dayton, Ohio___ _______ $1.412 Peoria, 111 __ __ __ 1.356 Spokane, W ash. _______ 1.326 Youngstown, Ohio _________ 1. 324 Springfield, Mass ___________ 1.282 Scranton, Pa ______ _______ ___ 1.249 1.241 Oklahoma City, Okla _____ R ock Island (111.) district L 1. 231 Des Moines, Iowa_______ 1.226 A v e r a g e fo r s iz e IV c i t i e s . . 1.192 New Haven, Conn __ __ 1.188 Reading, P a ___ ___ 1.180 .. 1.175 Erie, P a . . . . _ _ __ South Bend, Ind . . _ . . . 1.169 Grand Rapids, M ich ____ 1.168 San Antonio, T e x ___________ 1.162 1.153 Salt Lake C ity, U tah _____ El Paso, T ex............... .......... 1.107 Duluth, M in n _______ ________ 1.098 Richm ond, V a ______ _____ 1.098 Nashville, T en n _________ 1.096 1.074 Worcester, M ass________ Omaha, N e b r . _________ 1.034 Wichita, Kans__________ .983 Norfolk, V a _____________ .977 Jacksonville, Fla________ .912 Butte, M ont Charleston, W . V a______ A v e r a g e fo r s iz e V c it ie s __ Portland, Maine Madison, Wis Manchester, N . H Little Rock, Ark Charlotte, N . C_ _______ Charleston, S. C York, Pa $1.472 1.254 l! 160 1.125 1.087 1.059 1.051 .982 .878 .794 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES Aver age C ity V 40,000 to 100,000 Helpers City Aver age New York, N . Y ................. $1.014 .977 Chicago, 111______________ A v e r a g e fo r s iz e I c it ie s ____ .917 .704 Los Angeles, C a lif............. Philadelphia, Pa................. .582 City St. Louis, M o................... Boston, Mass.................... Cleveland, O h io.............. Milwaukee, W is________ A v e r a g e fo r s iz e I I c i t i e s .. San Francisco, Calif_____ Pittsburgh, Pa__________ Baltimore, M d .................. $0,930 .896 .886 .877 .810 .810 .780 .520 C ity Aver age Seattle, W ash.................... $0,966 .901 Newark, N . J_._............... .882 Minneapolis, M in n _____ .847 Kansas C ity, M o -----------.794 St. Paul, M in n _________ .773 Portland, Oreg__________ Toledo, Ohio........... .......... .761 .756 Columbus, Ohio________ .749 Denver, C o l o ____ _____ A v e r a g e f o r s iz e m c i t i e s . . .6 9 7 Washington, D . C ______ .696 Cincinnati, Ohio________ .694 Rochester, N . Y _ _ . .......... .653 Memphis, T enn __........... .637 Atlanta, Ga_...................... .542 .525 Louisville, K y ____ _____ New Orleans, La________ .491 Birmingham, Ala_______ .482 City Aver age Springfield, Mass.............. $0.932 Spokane, W ash_________ .923 Peoria, 111........... ................ .850 Worcester, M ass........ ....... .784 .744 A v e r a g e fo r s iz e I V c i t ie s . _ Des Moines, Iowa_______ .736 .727 Salt Lake City, Utah___ N ew Haven, Conn______ .721 .694 R ock Island (111.) district Scranton, Pa____________ .673 .663 Reading, P a____ _______ .647 South Bend, Ind........... . .554 Oklahoma C ity, Okla___ San Antonio, T ex_______ .548 Jacksonville, Fla............... .446 City Butte, M on t_______ ____ A v e r a g e fo r s iz e V c i t ie s . _ _ Manchester, N . H _ _ ........ Portland, M aine............... Aver age $0.867 .785 .700 .632 UNION WAGE RATES, 193 7 1 Includes Davenport, Iowa, and Moline, 111. Aver age to Oi 26 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES CHART 3 AVERAGE UNION WAGE RATES IN BUILDING TR AD ES ACCORDING TO SIZE OF C ITY AND REGION MAY 15,1937 JOURNEYMEN S outh 1 .4 0 1 .2 0 - 500 ,00 0 UNDER 250,000 UNDER 500,000 / M IL L IO N 100,000 UNDER 250,000 SIZE OF CITIES average Ho ur ly Ra t e s LOO Average HELPERS AND LABORERS hourly R ATES 1 .2 0 1 .2 0 SO U TH N O R T H 8 P A C IF IC LOO 1 .0 0 / .8 0 AVERAGE FOR ALL C ITIES 7 0 .8 0 .6 0 — .6 0 .4 0 .4 0 .2 0 -\ .2 0 (I) .0 OVER 500,000 ,U,LU0N 250.000 UNDER 500.000 100.000 UNDER 250,000 4 0 fi0 0 UNDER lOOfiOO SIZE OF CITIES u.S. B u r e a u o f lab or S t a t is t ic s (I) Insufficient cities to compute an average. U N IO N W A GE RATES, 193 7 27 Regional Differences in Wage Rates There is no city in the South with a population of over 500,000, and only three southern cities covered in the study had a population of less than 100,000. Consequently, any comparison between the regions of average wage rates in cities of comparable size must be confined to class III and IV cities. (See table 8 and chart 3.) The averages for the combined building trades in the North and Pacific cities varied directly with the city-size group. In the South, however, the average of cities in class IV was higher (34 cents) than in class III (98.9 cents). The only exception in the averages for the journeyman crafts was a slightly higher average in the North and Pacific region for city-size III than for city-size II. The averages for the combined helper and laborer trades were lower for cities in class III than for class IV in both regions. In general the averages for the separate trades vary directly with the city-size groups. Most of the exceptions in the North and Pacific cities were between size II and size III cities. Fifteen of the journeyman trades and four of the helper and laborer trades had higher averages for size III than for size II cities. Averages of five journeyman trades and one helper trade were higher in size II than in size I cities. In cities of size IV the averages of one journeyman and two helper trades were higher than in class III. In size V cities aver ages of five journeyman and two helper trades were higher than in class IV. In the southern region nine journeyman trades and three helper and laborer trades had higher averages for size IV cities than for size III cities. Much of the variation between the averages among the different city-size groups is attributable to the abnormally high or low rates in a few particular cities. Thus the higher-than-average rates in prac tically all trades in Washington, D. C., and Newark, N. J., tended to raise the general average for all cities in class III, and the relatively high rates in Butte, Mont., helped to raise the general average for class V cities. Likewise the relatively low rates in New Orleans tended to bring down the general average of class III cities in the South. (See discussion in connection with table 7 for details on rates of par ticular cities.) Average rates for comparable size cities were uniformly higher in the North and Pacific than in the South. In cities with a population between 250,000 and 500,000 the difference in average rates for all building trades combined was 22.6 cents an hour; in cities between 100,000 and 250,000 it was 10.2 cents an hour. For journeyman trades the average rate was 20.4 cents higher in class III cities and 11.7 cents in class IV cities. The regional differences for the com6 0 4 7 1 °— 38------5 28 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES bined helper and laborer trades between the city-size groups were almost the same— 22.8 cents for class III and 23.2 cents for class IV cities. T able 8 . — Average union hourly wage rates in the building trades , by region and size o f cityf M a y 1 5 , 1987 Cities having a population of— Ii III North and Pacific V2 250,000 to 500,000 Unit 500,000 Over ed to States 1,000,000 1,000,000 aver ages Trade IV 100,000 to 250,000 40,000 to 100,000 Hi North and Pacific All North and Pa South cific A ll North North and South and Pa Pa cific cific $1. 260 $1.342 $1. 248 $1.169 $1. 215 $0,989 $1,116 $1.136 $1,034 $1.118 -------- 1.363 1.432 1. 339 1.314 1.355 1.151 1.192 1.217 1.100 1.184 Asbestos workers... ---------Boiler makers______________ Bricklayers------------------- __ Carpenters- . _____________ Cement finishers___________ Electricians (inside wiremen) ____________ _______ Elevator constructors______ Engineers, portable and hoisting---------------------------Glaziers_________ _________ Granite cutters_____________ 1.360 1.517 1.493 1.290 1.316 1.451 1.600 1.508 1.358 1.345 1.354 1.350 1.509 1.283 1.323 1.406 1.360 1.465 1.368 1.449 1.344 1.391 1.186 1.180 1.245 1.004 1.095 1.410 1.377 1.426 1.236 1.179 1.201 1.113 1.241 1.555 1.360 1.177 1.706 1.611 1.222 1.514 1.499 1.547 1.116 1.340 1.379 1.125 1.219 1.270 1.181 1.220 .952 1.041 1.088 .847 1.041 1.052 1.135 1.137 5 1.000 1.044 1.044 1.090 Lathers . — _ . ----M a ch in ists___________ _ . . Marble setters--------------------Mosaic and terrazzo workers. Painters------------------------------ 1.454 1.344 1.439 1.296 1.312 1.481 6 1.500 1.490 1.374 1.405 1.460 1.352 1.342 1.206 1.248 1.417 1.149 1.435 1.242 1.179 1.445 1.319 1.358 1.383 1.250 1.311 1.468 .991 .933 .933 1.482 1.215 1.384 1.428 1.288 1.278 1.257 1.196 1.342 1.390 1.203 1.370 1.214 .990 1.040 1.057 .928 1.001 Plasterers______ ________ . . Plumbers and gas fitters___ Roofers, composition. _ . . . Roofers, slate and tile____ ___ Sheet-metalworkers____ . . . 1.509 1.407 1.201 1.339 1.299 1.583 1.468 1.203 1.397 1.391 1.492 1.391 1.223 1.451 1.280 1.424 1.379 1.186 1.225 1.249 1.508 1.383 1.186 1.245 1.271 1.254 1.359 1.403 1.363 1.267 1.257 1.132 1.154 1.095 1.202 1.207 1.146 1.212 1.218 1.254 1.295 7. 600 1.139 1.180 Sign painters_______________ Steam and sprinkler fitters. . Stonecutters_______________ Stonemasons----------------------Structural-iron workers____ Tile layers------- ------------------- 1.527 1.421 1.298 1.448 1.438 1.375 1.755 1.478 1.329 1.453 1.468 1.409 1.479 1.376 1.172 1.425 1.474 1.329 1.339 1.395 1.367 1.488 1.422 1.327 1.359 1.399 1.389 1.503 1.483 1.358 1.289 1.372 1.002 1.404 1.154 1.196 1.173 1.247 1.138 1.438 1.327 1.302 1.198 1.243 1.138 1.450 1.352 1.331 1.115 1.229 1.261 1.221 A ll building trades3-----------------Journeymen------------------ Helpers and laborers3 _____ _ 1.296 1.502 1.485 1.247 1.282 1. 339 1.571 1.522 1.295 1.308 1.167 1.171 1.376 1.061 1.178 1.179 1.199 1.434 1.120 1.238 1.197 1.201 1.446 1.161 1.239 1.142 1.167 1.409 .962 1.231 41.250 I. 373 1.162 1.462 1.344 1.207 .953 8.900 1.068 1.394 1.308 1.179 1.263 1.250 1.304 .818 .917 .810 .697 .748 .520 .744 .776 .544 Building laborers__________ Elevator constructors’ help ers_______________ ____ _ H od carriers (masons’ tend ers) ______________________ Marble setters’ helpers_____ .774 .889 .754 .635 .686 .486 .679 .713 .490 .785 .767 .991 1.010 1.004 .995 1.031 .862 .844 .865 .797 .826 .822 .994 .832 1.072 .914 .911 .779 .839 .815 .839 .615 .818 .806 .848 .648 .825 9 .500 .803 Plasterers’ laborers_________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers___________________ Tile layers’ h e lp e r s .___ . . . .992 1.066 1.013 .883 .944 .609 .922 .939 .536 .956 .945 .925 1.084 .969 .830 .840 .836 .882 .856 .882 .674 .680 .734 .677 .719 .811 9 .500 .750 1 N o city in South of this size. 2 Insufficient number of southern cities to compute an average. 2 Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. 4 Charleston, W . Va., only. 6 Dallas, Tex., only. * Chicago, 111., only. 7 Nashvillle, Tenn., only 8 Portland, Maine, only. 9 San Antonio, Tex., only. U N IO N WAGE R ATES. 193 7 29 Journeyman trades which showed the largest difference in average rates between the North and Pacific and the South were largely in the size III cities. The greatest differences were boilermakers, 40 cents; engineers, 43.1 cents; machinists, 47.7 cents; stonecutters, 38.7 cents; structural-iron workers, 32.9 cents. There was a difference of 55.4 cents in the average wages of composition roofers in class IV cities. However, the only Southern rate obtained for this trade and in this size city was for Nashville, Tenn. Differences in average rates between North and Pacific and South ern cities ranged from 20 cents and 22.3 cents for laborers to 33.5 cents and 40.3 cents for plasterers’ helpers. In both city-size groups there was a difference of 20 cents between the two regions for hodcarriers. Overtime Rates Double time predominated as the initial overtime rate provided in the building-trades agreements. This rate was specified in 1,207 of the quotations received and applied to 63.3 percent of the total membership. Time and a half was provided in 944 quotations applying to 35.8 percent of the membership. A very small number of agreements specified various other overtime rates or prohibited overtime entirely, but in total they applied to less than 1 percent of the membership. Almost three-fourths of the journeymen had a double-time rate for overtime and practically all the remainder had the time-and-a-half rate. Double time was specified most frequently in 17 of the journey man trades, and it applied to a majority of the membership in 22 of the 26 journeyman trades. Over three-fourths of the helpers and laborers had the time-and-ahalf rate for overtime. Double time was specified for 20.7 percent of the membership. The high percentage of the combined helpers and laborers shown at the time-and-a-half rate was largely due to the influence of the building laborers, who reported 90.5 percent of their membership at that rate. In three of the separate helper and laborer trades the double-time rate was most frequently specified, and in six a majority of the membership had double-time rates. 30 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES T a b l e 9 . — Overtime rates provided in building-trades 15, 1937 Number of quotations show ing initial overtime rates of— © Trade < x > § 1 Q0 5 1 1 G O _____ LC © O .I s > o s > *> a © a 1 agreements, M ay Percentage of union members having initial overtime rates of— © a © a O S, 1 G fQ §3 a £ © | © 3 3 o A 2 S"S .§ 3 |3 > o 3 © > w > © 3 o & 27 A ll building trades _______ ____ Journeymen______ B £ © a + 3 © 3 § A union __________ 944 1,207 5 4 0.6 35.8 63.3 0.2 0.1 17 721 1,017 5 4 .1 26.3 73.3 .2 .1 26.5 3.9 10. 8 22.3 73. 5 96.1 89. 2 77.7 46.1 13.4 5.8 34.0 41.1 53.0 86. 5 94. 2 65. 9 56.9 37.4 6.3 8.8 26.4 54.2 62. 6 93.7 91. 2 73. 6 45.8 1.4 .3 .3 58.7 5.8 13.6 57.8 32.7 40.3 89. 9 86.1 41. 9 67.3 .9 .1 6. 4 9.0 53.0 11. 6 21.1 34.5 91. 0 46.1 88. 3 69.1 65.5 5.3 37.4 94.7 61. 6 Asbestos workers_________________ Boilermakers . . . ___ __ _____ __ Bricklayers. _ __ ________ ____ Carpenters1______ ________ __ _ Cement finishers ___________ _ Electricians, inside wiremen____ _ Elevator constructors___ __________ Engineers, portable and hoisting. Glaziers2_______ _ _______ . . . 22 7 23 42 1 Granite cu tters____ ____ __ _ _ Lathers____________ ____________ M achinists.. __________ __ __ M arble setters. _ _____ ___ __ __ Mosaic and terrazzo workers. _ ___ 36 31 16 86 34 26 51 78 97 18 23 11 6 26 28 2 1 31 22 52 55 14 61 12 34 22 .9 .1 2 1 .6 Painters._ _________ _________ __ Plasterers... ___ . . . ._ . . . __ . . . Plumbers and gas fitters . . . Roofers, composition . _ _ _ _ _ Roofers, slate and tile. __ _____ __ 1 1 1 61 16 25 26 17 18 51 45 19 18 Sheet-metal workers_____ _ Sign painters___ ___________ Steam and sprinkler fitters. _ Stonecutters______ _____ Stonemasons______ 2 1 7 12 50 24 36 23 45 10 57 20 39 7 33 94 28 10 223 190 2.7 76.6 20.7 5 1 76 8 13 42 12 6 65 19 3. 8 2.1 90. 5 69.1 3. 7 71.0 5. 7 28. 8 96. 3 28.4 22 21 9 9 23 10 26 5 36 11 39.1 44.1 35. 8 11. 5 42. 5 .1 .6 60.9 55.1 63. 5 88. 5 57.5 _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Structural-ironworkers. _____ __ Tile layers_________ _ ______ __ Helpers and laborers__________ _ Building laborers__________ __ _ Composition roofers’ helpers Elevator constructors’ helpers. _ H od carriers (masons’ tenders) _ M crble setters’ helpers___ ___ ____ Plasterers’ laborers.__ ____________ Plumbers’ laborers _ __ _ ________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers. Tile layers’ helpers ______ __ ____ 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 .6 .8 .7 1.0 2.9 3. 4 1.0 1 One quotation, covering less than Mo of 1 percent of the carpenters’ membership showed an initial over time rate of time-and-one-third. 2 One quotation, covering 0.8 percent of the glaziers’ membership, reported specific rates for overtime which were not a multiple of the regular rates. Restriction on overtime work.— Many restrictions are placed upon overtime work, in addition to the penalty overtime rates discussed above. Quite commonly overtime is restricted to cases of emergency or necessity, as when life or property is endangered. A large number of agreements provide that a permit must be obtained from the union or from a jomt board before any overtime may be worked. An extreme example of this type of provision is the requirement of glaziers in Milwaukee that the contractor must pay the union a U N IO N W A GE K ATES, 193 7 31 $50 permit fee for extra time on Saturdays, Sundays, or holidays, except on penalty contract work or in cases when life or property is endangered. The overtime permit requirement is waived in some instances when it is apparent that 1 or 2 hours additional work will suffice to complete the job. Overtime is very frequently prohibited entirely on new construc tion work, particularly if there are unemployed craftsmen available. In cases of work under time-penalty contracts, overtime work may be permitted, although in some cases it is required that a second shift composed of different workmen be employed, or that half the crew working after regular hours be supplied by the union from its register of unemployed members. Repair work or remodeling of occupied premises is somewhat less stringently restricted, particularly in the plumbing, heating, and glazing trades. Unions having the 5-day week frequently allow Saturday morning work on this type of job at straight pay. Where the initial penalty rate is time and one-half, double time is sometimes required after a given hour or after a specified number of hours of consecutive overtime work. This is usually after 4 hours but sometimes applies after a shorter period. Extra Pay for Special Contingencies Various extra rates are sometimes set to cover special conditions not governed by the regular, overtime, or holiday rates. The most common type of extra pay is that provided when workers are called, but not put to work. The minimum “ call” pay is usually 2 hours’ pay at regular rates, though 1, 3, or 4 hours’ pay is sometimes speci fied. When weather or other conditions beyond the employer’s control are responsible, this penalty is sometimes not exacted. In some cases when work is begun but does not continue through the entire working day, a minimum amount must be paid— usually half a day’s pay, sometimes a full day’s pay. In some agreements when less than a full day is worked, actual working time must be paid for at double the usual rate. Waiting on the job for materials or for work is usually compensated at regular rates. Time spent waiting for pay, which in most cases is paid to men on the job on a designated day of the week, is usually paid at straight time, although sometimes this applies only in cases of lay-off or discharge. Less frequently, workers are paid time and a half or double time until wages are received. A time limit is usually set on the amount of delay permissible; after that time the men must stop work until the wages are paid, and such a stoppage is not considered a violation of the agreement. If the men are required to go to the main office for their wages, 1 hour’s pay and carfare are often given. 32 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES Men on second or third shifts are frequently given an hour’s bonus. An extra amount is also given in some cases for unsheltered or unusu ally dangerous work. Painters, for example, receive extra pay for work above a certain height from the street and for using the spray machine. Engineers are usually given an extra amount for raising steam before regular working hours begin. U nion Hours, 1937 Distribution of Members by Hour Scales Over 80 percent of all the union members in the building trades were working under a scale of 40 hours per week. Eight percent were on a 35-hour basis and 7.5 percent had a 30-hour workweek. Only 3.8 percent were reported as having a scale of more than 40 hours. The journeyman trades reported 79 percent of their members on a 40-hour week and 18 percent on less than 40-hour scales. The paint ers were the only trade having a majority of their members on scales of less than 40 hours. Plasterers, who reported a 24-hour week in Philadelphia, Pa., were the only trade having any members on less than a 30-hour basis. Electricians, glaziers, lathers, plasterers, and sign painters, however, each had over 20 percent of their members on 30- and 35-hour scales. Portable and hoisting engineers and composition roofers were the only journeyman trades in which as many as 1 percent of the member ship were permitted to work 48 hours. A 44-hour week was in effect for 18 percent of the plumbers and gas fitters, 13 percent of the elevator constructors, 10 percent of the granite cutters, machinists, and sign painters, and for 5 and 6 percent of the composition roofers and ce ment finishers, respectively. None of the other journeyman crafts had any significant percentage of their members working more than 40 hours per week. Over 85 percent of the members in the helper trades were on a 40hour basis. Nearly 10 percent had agreements providing workweeks of over 40 hours. A 48-hour week was reported for slightly more than 2 percent of the members. A maximum of less than 40 hours was set in the agreements covering 5 percent of the helpers and laborers. Marble setters’ helpers and tile layers’ helpers were almost univer sally working 40-hour weeks. A small proportion of these trades had 35-hour weeks, but none over 40 hours. Plasterers’ laborers, who had the shortest average week of the helper trades, reported 19 percent of their membership as having a 30-hour week and none at any scale of over 40 hours. Building laborers, with 9.8 percent of their members working 44 hours and 3 percent working 48 hours, had the largest proportion of membership on scales in excess of 40 hours. 33 34 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 10. — Distribution of union members in each building trade, by hour scales, M a y 15, 1987 A ver age hours per week Trade All building trades_____ _________ ___ Percentage of union members whose hours per week were— 24 30 35 40 44 45 48 _ 39.0 0.1 7.5 8.0 80.6 3.1 0) 0.7 Journeymen___________ _ ________________ 38.8 .2 8.7 9.2 79.4 2.2 0) .3 Asbestos w o r k e r s _________________ ____ Boilermakers ___________ __________ B rick la yers___________________ _ __ __ Carpenters___________ __ ___________ 39. 7 39. 5 39.8 39.7 2. 5 4.6 1.8 2.3 2. 4 .7 1. 3 3. 2 94.4 95.4 95. 9 93. 4 .2 1.1 .8 Cement finishers____________ ________ Electricians, inside wiremen ___ _____ Elevator constructors____________ __ _ _ Engineers, portable and hoisting_______ Glaziers_________________ _ __________ 39.9 37. 9 40. 4 39.9 38.7 1.4 21.2 .9 5.5 3.1 4.9 1.9 .4 3.0 23.4 86. 8 74.0 85.6 83.1 70.1 6. 2 2.8 13.1 2.5 2.8 . .l Granite c u tt e r s ___ _______________ Lathers..- _________________ ________ Machinists____ ______ __ ________ M arble setters___________ _ _________ M osaic and terrazzo w ork ers__________ 40.3 37.8 40.4 39.8 39.8 18.1 1.8 7.4 1.2 1. 7 1. 5 1.2 88.1 74.4 89. 5 97.0 96. 7 10.1 .1 10. 5 .3 .4 Painters_______ _____ ____ __________ _ Plasterers.. _______________________ -. Plumbers and gas fitters_______________ Roofers, com position________ Roofers, slate and tile.- ___________ . . 35.8 36.8 40.0 40.2 39.9 24.3 24.0 2. 3 .8 .6 35. 2 1.7 9.6 1.3 .8 40.0 68. 7 70.1 91.2 98.6 .5 .9 18.0 5.6 Sheet-metal workers __________________ Sign painters.. ________ ________ __ Steam and sprinkler fitters________ _ S ton ecu tters.______ _________ _______ Stonemasons________________ ____ ____ 39.8 39.0 39.6 40.0 39.9 1. 7 2.6 1.9 1.0 1.3 23.6 4.1 1.6 .3 96.6 63.1 93.0 96. 7 98.6 .1 10.7 1.0 1.7 .1 Structural-iron workers____________ ___ Tile layers_________ ___ __________ ____ 39.6 39.8 3.9 1.3 1.2 1.0 94.1 97.4 .8 .3 4. 7 7 5.9 .6 1.1 0.3 . 40.1 2.3 2.9 85.3 7.3 2. 2 Building laborers ________ _________ Elevator constructors’ helpers. ________ H od carriers (masons’ helpers) _ __ _ _ __________ Marble setters’ helpers_ 40.4 40.2 39.9 40.0 .6 1.7 2.7 3. 2 .4 2.7 .8 83. 4 89.1 89.2 99. 2 9.8 8.8 4.2 3.0 Plasterers’ laborers. ___________________ Steam and sprinkler fitters’ helpers_____ Tile layers’ helpers.. _____ ___________ 38.0 39.9 39.9 19.0 0) 1.5 2.6 1.3 79. 5 96.8 98. 7 .6 Helpers and laborers2___ _______ __ __ 1.2 1 Less than Mo of 1 percent. 2 Includes also plumbers’ laborers and composition roofers’ helpers, not shown separately because of the small number of quotations obtained for these trades. Hours per Day and Days per Week The 8-hour day predominated in the union agreements of the build ing trades in the 70 cities covered in this study. The only cases of a longer workday were found in Duluth, Minn., where glaziers had an 8%-hour day and sheet-metal workers a 9-hour day. Workdays of less than 8 hours were provided for some trades in 21 cities. Nearly all of the building trades in Denver had agreements specifying a 7-hour day, and in Seattle, a 6-hour day. In Spokane all but three trades had either a 6- or a 7-hour workday. In Butte about half of the trades had the 6-hour day. The shorter workdays were about evenly divided between a 6and a 7-hour maximum. Plasterers, lathers, painters, and plasterers’ U N IO N H OURS, 19 3 7 35 tenders each had agreements providing for less than 8 hours a day in 10 or more cities. Carpenters, electricians, and hod carriers were working 6- or 7-hour days in 7 cities. In other trades short workdays were less common, although every trade had some members working under agreements calling for less than 8 hours a day. Working days per week in the building trades are usually limited to 5, though variations are more frequent than in the case of hours per day. The plasterers’ agreement in Philadelphia provided a 5day week, but on May 15, 1937, the members were restricted to 3 days under a spread-the-work policy. Most of the variations from the 5-day rule, however, provided for a 5%- or 6-day week. Generally, Saturday was not a full day. Most of the longer workweeks occurred in the southern cities. Charlotte was the only city in which all of the trades covered had a workweek of more than 5 days. In Jacksonville, Richmond, and Wichita there were more trades working and 6 days per week than were restricted to 5-day weeks. In all the other cities the 5-day week was provided in a majority of the agreements. In 25 cities there were no trades with 5%- or 6-day weeks. So far as individual trades were concerned, the workweek exceeded 5 days for all elevator constructor members in 16 cities and for those engaged in maintenance work in 9 other cities. Sign painters had a longer workweek in nine cities; cement finishers, granite cutters, plumbers and gas fitters, and build ing laborers in seven cities; and carpenters and steam and sprinkler fitters in six cities. Engineers had 5%- or 6-day weeks for all their members in five cities and for those in some particular occupations in four additional cities. Sundays and Holidays Sunday work is usually more restricted than is overtime during the regular workweek. In addition to the requirement that a permit be obtained from the union, Sunday work is commonly paid at double rates. Double time was specified as the overtime rate in 55 percent of the agreements, but applied to Sunday work in 88 percent of the agreements. Over 90 percent of the union members had double time rates for Sundays as compared with 63 percent having this rate for weekday overtime. Exceptions to the double-time Sunday rate were negligible in most of the trades. Less than double time was paid in about 30 percent of the cases in the painting trades, in about 25 percent of the agree ments for glaziers, 20 percent of the asbestos workers’ and stone cut ters’ agreements, and in 12 to 14 percent of the agreements for cement finishers, plasterers, sheet-metal workers, building laborers, and hod carriers. 36 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES Holiday work is customarily limited to cases of real emergency and exceptions to the double-time rate are less frequently allowed. Labor Day is usually protected as a holiday by stringent regulations. Asbestos workers’ agreements uniformly provide triple time for all work on Labor Day. The number of holidays ranged from 3 to 11. More than half the agreements contained provisions covering 6 holidays— New Year’s Day, Memorial Day, Fourth of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. Frequently included as holidays were Armistice Day, Washington’s Birthday, Election Day, Lincoln’s Birthday, and Colum bus Day. Various other holidays were provided in certain agree ments, most of these being State holidays such as Admission Day in California and San Jacinto Day in Texas. Some agreements had a general provision that any days which are proclaimed as legal holidays shall be included. The agreements for New York City and Boston had the most holidays. Regulations in U nion Agreements 7 Work Done by Out-of-Town Contractors Since working conditions and wage rates in a community are affected by the standards of incoming contractors who bring in their own men, regulation of this work is of great importance to union members. Under a large number of agreements the union members are prohibited from working for any firm which has not become a party to the local agreement. Inasmuch as the agreements usually bind the contractors to employ only the members of the union signing the agreement, this provision would in effect prevent the importation of out-of-town work men unless such workmen transfer to the local having jurisdiction over the job. In some cases it is provided that local firms be given preference when labor is scarce. Other agreements specify that only foremen may be imported. In many cases regulation takes the form of requiring at least 50 percent of the workers on a job to be local men. Some unions have provisions in their international law requiring members who obtain work outside the jurisdiction of their local to obtain clearance cards and to affiliate with the local within whose jurisdiction they wish to work. In these instances the member becomes subject to the agreement in force in the new location. A number of agreements specify that the importation of workers will be permitted provided that the local having jurisdiction is unable to supply the workers needed. The wage rate which shall apply to imported workers is seldom specifically mentioned in the agreements, but it is universally provided that all workers within the jurisdiction shall be paid not less than the scale set in the agreement. Members are prohibited from working on any job where others are accepting less than the local scale. This provision, while not restricting an imported worker from receiving the scale of his own locality if it is higher, would prevent him from accepting that pay if it is lower than that of the district in which he is temporarily working. Members Accepting Out-of-Town Jobs From the workers’ standpoint, the chief problem in connection with out-of-town work is the added expense for transportation, room and board, and time lost while traveling to the job. The union agreements, * In addition to wage and hour scales described above. 37 38 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES therefore, usually set minimum amounts to compensate workers for such expenses. The standard provisions include railway fare for the round trip, Pullman accommodations on night trips, pay at straight time for travel during regular working hours, and amounts ranging up to $4.50 per day for board while away from home. There are fewer restrictive provisions with respect to local contrac tors accepting out-of-town jobs than there are concerning outsiders coming into the community. In fact some agreements require that any local contractor having an out-of-town job must send at least one member of the local with which he has his agreement to the job to superintend the work. In some cases, however, workers may be sent out only if there is a shortage of men where the job is to be done. Frequently union rules require all men going out of town to transfer to the local having jurisdiction. Generally the agreements provide that men sent out of town shall be paid whichever rate is higher— their home rate or the prevailing rate where the job is located. Many agreements specify that the members shall be guaranteed full time while away from home. When the job is so located that the workmen may conveniently return home each night, but is outside the city limits or beyond one streetcar or bus fare from the shop office, the contractor is usually required to furnish transportation or to pay the excess fare. All time spent in going to and from such jobs, in excess of that which would be required in going from the worker’s home to the office, is usually required to be included as part of the workday. Sharing of Work Definite provisions for dividing available work among unemployed members were seldom found in the formal agreements. In most of the building trades the contractors are permitted to employ any in dividuals desired, provided they are union members. Some of the agreements, however, contain provisions designed to provide some work for unemployed members, such as the requirement that any work outside the regular hours must be given to workers supplied by the union from its unemployed list. Other agreements provide for a shorter workweek during the slack season. The agreement of the New York District Council No. 9 of the Brotherhood of Painters, Decorators, and Paperhangers of America provides: An employer during the period of December 15 to April 15 shall not, during such period require or permit his journeymen to work more than 21 hours per week with the exception of those acting as foremen, chargemen, gilders, decorators working on free-hand decoration or stenciling, grainers, and marbelizers. The majority of the plans for sharing work are based upon regula tions applied by the unions to their own members. Generally this consists in the establishment of an unemployed list from which mem- R E G U LA TIO N S I N U N IO N AG R E E M E N T S 39 bers are taken in rotation as calls for workers are received. The members who are sent out may be permitted to work to the comple tion of the job or they may be restricted to a limited period. Varia tions in these restrictions are very numerous. This type of work sharing is common and is most successful among those trades having agreements which require the contractors to secure all needed work men through the union rather than by direct contact. Apprentices The regulation of apprentices is important both to employers and to employees. Employers wish to be assured of an ample labor sup ply. Employees, on the other hand, seek to protect their job oppor tunities and wages by controlling the number of apprentices. Dur ing times of severe unemployment, employers and unions may agree that no new apprentices shall be taken on until employment opportuni ties are more numerous. Every union regulating apprentices specifies the maximum propor tion that these shall form of the total working forces. This propor tion is usually given as the ratio of apprentices to journeymen, but in addition a maximum is frequently set on the number of apprentices permitted to work on one job. One apprentice to three journeymen and 1 to 5 journeymen are the most common ratios, though instances were found with ratios as high as 1 apprentice for every journeyman and as low as 1 to 25 journeymen. In some cases the agreement limits the number of apprentices to one or two to each job or shop. The minimum age for apprentices varies from 15 to 18 years. The maximum age is usually 22 or 23 years. One agreement specified that there should be no maximum age for war veterans. Sons of journeymen or of contractors are usually given preference in applying for apprenticeships. Generally apprentices must join the union, either as soon as accepted or within a specified period after accept ance. When a probationary period is established, apprentices are generally not required to join until the probation period has elapsed. The term of apprenticeship varies from 1 to 6 years, 3- and 4-year terms being most frequent. In some unions, the international con stitution specifies the apprenticeship term, in others the term is left for determination by the local. Among the unions having uniform 4-year terms are the carpenters, stonecutters, plasterers, and cement finishers. Three-year terms are provided in the international con stitutions of the painters and granite cutters. The 5- and 6-year terms were found mainly among the plumbers and steamfitters. The entrance wage rate for apprentices is usually about one-third the journeymen’s rate, with specified increases every 6 months or year. Generally the trades having the longer terms have propor tionately lower starting rates. 40 U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES Generally apprentices are prohibited from working except in com pany with a journeyman and from serving as foremen. The transfer of apprentices from one employer to another is frequently prohibited except under unusual circumstances,, such as the contractor’s retire ment from business. Some agreements provide that, in addition to his wages, the contractor shall give the apprentice a kit of tools at the completion of his term. Detailed regulation of apprenticeship is not usually made a part of the trade agreements, although many agreements provide that con tractors employing apprentices must allow them every opportunity to learn the trade and, in some cases, must pay them for full time whether work is available or not. School training during apprenticeship is required under some agree ments and is frequently provided for in the union bylaws or working rules when not made a part of the formal agreement. In general such school work, when required either by the agreement or union rules, consists of attendance at trade schools, or lectures arranged by the union. A few of the provisions, relating to the training of apprentices other than on the job, found in agreements were as follows: Plum bers , Chicago , III. Each party to this agreement shall teach the trade to apprentices in the man ner which will result in their becoming efficient journeymen and as hereinafter more clearly and definitely provided. The apprentice shall receive such instruc tions as hereinafter provided and be taught such subjects as may be deemed necessary in the opinion of the joint arbitration board, and for such attendance at schools, classes, or lectures and general deportment, credit will be given ap prentices upon their final examination for promotion to journeymen. Registered apprentices, in addition to being taught the practice and theory of plumbing, shall be given, as part of their apprenticeship course at the Washburne Continuance School, a practical training in welding before being granted a card as a journeyman plumber. The employer shall agree that the apprentice will be worked under such con ditions as will result in normal advancement and endeavor to have him attend classes or do the requisite amount of study or manual training work as prescribed by the joint apprenticeship board, and if required, shall submit proof to the board of such attendance to studies, or lectures. Arrangement shall be made by the joint arbitration board for the attendance of apprentices in classes where subjects will be taught or lectures given as deemed necessary to assist them in becoming proficient workmen. Lathers , District of Columbia Immediately upon being engaged, an apprentice shall attend an approved night school in which plan reading and architectural drawing are taught. Attendance and progress shall be furnished to the chairman of the arbitration board once each month. Continued unsatisfactory showing in school progress may cause dismissal or other penalty, as may be determined by the arbitration board. REGULATIONS IN U N IO N AGREEMENTS 41 Carpenters , Rock Island , III. The contractor taking an apprentice shall engage to keep him steadily employed for 12 months of each year, and see that he attends night school for not less than 3 months of each year, and a certificate of attendance shall be furnished to the joint arbitration board from the principal of the school attended, certifying that the apprentice has attended the required 3 months, as in compliance with this agreement before he is permitted to work the coming year. Provisions for testing the apprentices' qualifications to become journeymen are usually left to the unions. In some cases a joint board of employer and union representatives is constituted to establish and administer the requirements. When State laws regulate ap prenticeship, as in Wisconsin, these laws govern throughout the State. An examination, conducted by a committee of the union, is usually required of each apprentice upon the completion of his term. The kind of examination varies between the trades, and frequently varies within the trades. Some local unions require a written examination, others provide for an oral test. In some cases the examination con sists of a practical demonstration on the job, and in others the appli cant is considered qualified for journeymanship when he is vouched for by three or more journeymen who have worked with him. In a few cases the test is whether the applicant can obtain and hold work at the journeyman scale. Temporary Workers Because the closed shop is the rule in the building trades, some pro vision must be made in case the union is unable to furnish all the workers required. Employers are usually permitted to hire from any source in such circumstances, although a reasonable time must be given the union in which to supply the men needed. In many cases temporary nonunion help may start work only if granted a permit card by the union; in others, such persons may be employed only until union men are available. In some cases they need not be discharged until the job is completed. Another common type of regulation is the requirement that such new men must join the union at once or within a short period after being taken on, usually 1 day. Disabled and Older Workers A definite effort to insure work for older members is apparent in a number of the more recently negotiated agreements. This is parti cularly true among the painters and plasterers, although similar clauses were found in three bricklayers' agreements and in scattered instances among other trades. In these instances it is required that older men be employed in some specified ratio to the total number of journeymen working on any job. The requirement ranges from 1 in 42 UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 3, to 1 in every 10, which appears in a number of agreements. An agreement of plasterers in New York City also extends the requirement to provide that “ where there are two or more apprentices in any one employment, there shall be one superannuated man employed.” Partially disabled and older workers are permitted to work for less than the regular scale of wages. In order to protect the union scale, however, the conditions surrounding lower-paid work are usually regulated by the union. In some cases a lower rate is specified in the agreement or in working rules; more frequently the union, through its representatives, assumes responsibility for negotiating a rate for each case. In a few instances the rate is left to the determination of the employer and the individual worker. Most agreements provide that a permit to work at a lower rate must be obtained from the union for each individual and, in the case of older workers, shall apply only to those beyond a definite age limit, usually 60 years of age. Occasionally such permits are restricted to persons who have had a required number of years' membership in the union. In some cases handicapped workers are permitted to work only at odd jobs or as helpers. The following illustrate some of these provisions: Painters , N ew York City An employer employing 10 journeymen but less than 20 shall have in his employ at least 1 journeyman of the age of 55 years or over, and an employer employing 20 or more journeymen shall have in his employ at least 2 journey men of the age of 55 years or over. Plasterers , N ew York City There must be a ratio of not less than 10 percent of superannuated men on all jobs where there are more than 10 journeymen plasterers at work. The mini mum hourly wage of such superannuated men shall be $1.17, and in no case shall there be more than 10 percent of superannuated men employed on any job. Where there are two or more apprentices in any one employment, there shall be one superannuated man employed. Where there are 10 or more men in any employment there shall be one or more superannuated men employed. Bricklayers , Philadelphia , P a . Contractors when employing men shall employ one man out of every eight, said man to be of the age of 55 or over. On jobs where less than eight men are employed, every sixth man shall be 55 or over. For instance, if employer hires in shop 50 men, 6 of these would be men of 55 or over. Painters , Newark , N . J . Employers having five or more men in their employ shall give employment to at least one elderly or honorary member of the union in every five men employed. REGULATIONS IN U N IO N AGREEMENTS 43 Control o f Output Piece work and subcontracting are usually forbidden to union members. Members who desire to do subcontracting are required to turn in their membership cards and may be prohibited from work ing as journeymen for a period of a year following the deposit of their cards. The majority of the building-trades agreements condemn restric tion of output in any form. The agreements of some trades limit the use of certain machines which may be injurious to the health of the operator such as spray machines in painting and hand-surfacing machines in granite cutting. Bricklayers are sometimes forbidden to work “ ahead of the line” and painters’ agreements usually limit the size of the brush that may be used. In general, however, restric tive provisions are not found in building-trades agreements or work ing rules other than the requirements that special power tools, such as saws, must be operated only by journeymen of the craft. Most of the agreements restrict the work that may be performed on the job by the contractor or employer. Generally only one firm member is allowed to work with tools and he is required to observe all the regulations which apply to regular journeymen. Overtime work by firm members is limited to supervisory or nonproductive work unless the regular force is also working. In some cases firm members are bound not to work on any job unless at least one journey man is employed. Safety and Sanitation Sanitary regulations and safety provisions are frequently made part of the agreement. Many agreements contain minimum specifi cations for the erection of scaffolds, and provide that the refusal of a member to work from any scaffold which he considers unsafe shall not be grounds for discharge. Contractors are required to provide reasonably safe storage places or lockers for the workmen’s clothing and tools, and, in turn, the workmen are frequently bound to see that the tools and equipment of the contractor are returned to their proper places at quitting time. Provisions Regarding Material Used Although in most cases the workers reserve the right not to work with nonunion men, in only a few cases did the agreements stipulate that materials must be union made. A few agreements carried a prohibition against the use of prison-made goods. U nion Membership Under Effective Scales in Cities Covered The total number of union members covered by agreements in cluded in these annual surveys 8 serves as a measure of the amount of activity and employment in the building industry as well as the vary ing strength of organized labor in the building trades in the cities covered. In 1927 union membership under effective agreements in the trades and cities covered in these studies reached its highest peak since the post-war period. There was a sharp decline from 1927 to 1933 (table 6). Since this low point there has been a steady increase. T able 11 .— M em bers covered by effective union scales in building trades in 70 cities 1 Year Total Journey men Help ers and labor ers 1927____________ ____ 1928_________________ 1929_________________ 1930_________________ 1931_________________ 1932_________________ 536,036 526,924 525, 226 508, 711 462, 211 378,115 450, 091 438, 633 437,820 422, 731 390, 552 326,127 85,945 88,291 87,406 85,980 71, 659 51,988 Year Total 1933____ ____ _______ 295,117 1934_________________ 303,148 _________ 307, 360 1935 1936 ______ 341, 906 1937____ ___________ 2 412, 502 H elp Journey ers and men labor ers 262,994 271, 944 271, 704 289, 269 2 333, 273 32,123 31,204 35,656 52,637 79,229 1 The study covered 66 cities in 1927. Madison, W is., was added in 1928. In 1934, Bridgeport, Conn., Fall River, Mass., and Muskegon and Saginaw, M ich., were dropped and the following cities added: Duluth, M inn., Charleston, W . Va., E l Paso and San Antonio, Tex., South Bend, Ind., Charlotte, N . C., and Oklahoma City, Okla. Thus the latter figures are not exactly comparable with the earlier figures. Since the last cities added had relatively fewer union members than the other cities covered, the resulting discrepancy is slight. 2 Exclusive of machinists and boilermakers, who were first included in the survey in 1937. The membership among helpers and laborers, which showed a more marked drop than that of the journeymen, also showed a more rapid recovery. The 1937 membership figures for this group stood at 89.7 percent of the 1928 peak. Journeyman membership in 1937 was 74.0 percent of the 1927 peak. At its low point in 1934, membership among helpers and laborers stood at 35.3 percent of its maximum figure, while the low for journeymen in 1933 was 58.4 percent of the peak. The largest gain in membership in 1937 (81.6 percent) was recorded by the building laborers. A membership gain of 43.8 percent was made by the plasterers’ laborers in the cities included in the surveys. While no journeyman crafts reported such large increases, substantial increases in members working under union scales occurred among car penters, painters, plasterers, cement finishers, sheet-metal workers, structural-iron workers, and engineers. 8 See p. 3 for cities covered. 44 U nion Scales o f Wages and Hours by Trades and Cities Table 12 lists the union rates of wages per hour and hours per week in force on May 15, 1936, and May 15, 1937,9 by trade, in each of the 70 cities included in the survey. Since there are no union rates in force for some trades in some cities, some of the trade classifications lack a full listing of cities. Sometimes there are two or more union rates for the same occupation in the same city. This may be due to two or more unions having different scales, to one union having differ ent agreements with different employers because of various qualifica tions or conditions, or to both these situations. Where more than one union rate is in effect all are listed in the following tables, the letters A, B, C, etc., being used to designate the different quotations. T able 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 15, 1937, and M a y 15, 1936 ASBESTO S W O R K E R S Atlanta, Ga____________ Baltimore, M d .1.......... Birmingham, A la______ Boston, M ass__________ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Charleston, W . V a_____ Chicago, 111.1___________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, Ohio________ Columbus, Ohio_______ Dallas, T ex.1 ___________ Dayton, Ohio__________ Denver, C olo__________ Des Moines, Iowa______ Detroit, M ich __________ Houston, T ex.1_________ Indianapolis, In d ______ Kansas City, M o ______ Los Angeles, Calif______ Louisville, K y _________ Memphis, Tenn________ Milwaukee, W is_______ Minneapolis, M inn .1 ___ Nashville, Tenn________ Newark, N . J __________ N ew Haven, C o n n ____ $1.000 1.250 1.250 1.500 1.125 1. 250 1. 500 1.350 1.425 1.300 1.313 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.375 1. 313 1. 225 1.225 1. 250 1.000 1.125 1.200 1. 250 1. 000 1.400 1.250 40 $1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1. 300 40 1.075 40 1.250 40 1.100 35 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1. 225 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 40 1. 000 40 1.150 35 1.200 40 1. 000 40 1.400 40 1.125 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 N ew Orleans, La_______ $1.000 N ew York, N . Y _______ 1.525 Norfolk, V a____________ 1.125 Oklahoma C ity, Okla.: Old w ork____ _______ 1.000 N ew w ork___________ 1.250 Omaha, N ebr.1_________ 1.150 Philadelphia, Pa.1 _____ 1.250 Pittsburgh, P a _ _ _ _____ 1.500 Portland, Oreg................. 1.375 Providence, R . I_ ____ 1. 375 Richm ond, V a _________ 1.125 Rochester, N . Y ________ 1.200 St. Louis, M o _____ ____ 1. 375 St. Paul, M inn .1_______ 1.250 San Antonio, Tex___ ___ 1.250 San Francisco, Calif ___ 1.125 Scranton, Pa_________ _ 1.125 Seattle, Wash 1. 350 South Bend, I n d _ _____ 1. 250 Spokane, Wash_ _ _ 1.250 Springfield, M ass______ 1.125 Toledo, Ohio 1__________ 1.250 Washington, D . C .1........ 1.500 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.300 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour C ity Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 M ay 15,1937 M ay 15, 1936 44 $1,000 40 1.400 40 1.000 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.125 1.500 1. 200 1.000 1.000 1.050 1.250 1.200 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.125 1.000 1.500 1.275 40 40 40 40 1See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 8 See footnote 1 above. 45 46 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 15, 1937, and M a y 15, 1936 — Continued B O IL E R M A K E R S $1.375 .850 1.375 1.500 1.375 1.350 1. 500 1. 500 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.375 .900 1. 350 1.250 Hours per week 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1.250 1. 650 1. 250 1. 650 1. 250 1.125 1. 375 1.375 1.125 1. 375 1. 500 .920 1. 375 1. 500 40 $1. 250 40 1. 650 40 1.250 40 1.650 40 1.125 40 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 40 30 1.417 40 .850 40 1. 250 40 1.375 30 40 40 40 $1.450 1. 750 1.375 40 $1.000 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 40 40 1.375 1.500 1. 200 1.000 1. 500 1. 250 1. 500 1. 250 1.625 1. 875 1.625 1.500 1.250 1. 500 1.250 1.375 1.500 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 250 1.500 1. 200 1.000 1. 500 1. 250 1.250 1. 125 1.375 1. 525 1.500 1.500 1.250 1.350 1. 250 1.200 1.250 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.500 1.250 1.375 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.600 1.500 1.500 1.625 1.625 1.750 1.250 1.500 .800 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.500 1.100 1.250 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.250 1. 250 1.375 1.250 1.500 1.125 1.300 1.000 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 B R IC K L A Y E R S Atlanta, Ga__ _________ Baltimore, M d ___ __ . Birmingham, A la .. _ . Boston, M ass__________ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Butte, M o n t .._____ ___ Charleston, S. C _______ Charleston, W . V a ___ Chicago, 111.1. . _. Sewer and tunnel. Cincinnati, O h i o . . __ Cleveland, O hio.. ___ Sewer and caisson Columbus, O h io .. . . Dallas, T e x ____ __ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio _ _ Denver, C olo................. Sewer work __ _ . Des M oines, Iow a .. Detroit, M ich._ Duluth, M in n ________ El Paso, T ex__ Erie, P a ............ Grand Rapids, M ich ___ Houston, T e x .: 1 Rate A ______ Rate B___ _ _ Rate C Indianapolis, Ind _ Jacksonville, Fla Sewer work Kansas C ity, M o Little R ock, Ark Los Angeles, Calif Louisville, K y __ Madison, W i s ____ . . . Manchcstp.r, N . F T Memphis, Tenn_____ _ $1. 250 1.250 1.500 1. 500 1.500 1. 625 1.000 1.500 1. 500 1. 750 1. 625 1.625 2. 000 1.563 1. 500 40 $1.125 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 1.300 41) 1.250 30 i.q)25 44 40 1.333 40 1. 500 48 1. 750 40 1.375 40 1.375 40 1. 750 40 1.300 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 40 48 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.650 1.500 1. 750 1.500 1. 500 1.250 1.250 1.500 1. 500 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.300 1. 250 1.500 1. 500 1. 250 1.000 1.250 1.313 1.250 35 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.000 1.250 1. 600 1.000 1. 250 1.500 1. 250 1.250 1.500 1.300 1. 500 1.625 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.250 40 1.425 1.000 40 44 1.325 1.125 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.300 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Hours per week Nashville, Tenn_____ __ Newark, N . J __________ N ew Orleans, L a _____ N ew York, N . Y _______ Philadelphia, P a_______ ____ . . . Pittsburgh, Pa.1 Portland, Oreg_________ St. Louis, M o _______ .. Salt Lake City, U ta h ... San Francisco, Calif____ Seattle, W ash__________ Spokane, W ash________ Toledo, Ohio 1 _ ______ Washington, D . C ___ __ Rates of wages per hour C ity Hours per week Rates of wages per hour 40 $1.100 40 .850 40 1.250 40 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.000 40 40 .900 40 1.100 40 1.050 M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour Baltimore, M d _________ Birmingham, A la______ Boston, Mass__________ Chicago, 111.1 ___ ___ Cleveland, Ohio________ Columbus, Ohio_______ Dayton, O h io _________ Detroit, M ich __________ Houston, T ex__________ Indianapolis, Ind Jacksonville, Fla____ __ Kansas C ity, M o _ _ _ Los Angeles, Calif______ Louisville, K y _________ Milwaukee, Wis___ . _ Hours per week C ity Kates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 2 Milwaukee, W is_______ Sewer and tunnel Minneapolis, M in n ___ M oline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T e n n ____ _ Newark, N . J ___ _ New Haven, Conn.1 N ew Orleans, La.1 _ _ N ew York, N . Y J__ Norfolk, V a ____________ Oklahoma C ity, O k la ... Omaha, N ebr________ Peoria, 111 ______ _ ___ Sewer w ork_____ __ Philadelphia, P a____ Pittsburgh, Pa.1____ . . Portland, M a i n e . _ Portland, Oreg_ __ _ Providence, R . I ___ __ Reading, Pa . ______ ____ Richm ond, Va Rochester, N . Y . . . R ock Island (111.) dis trict__________ ______ St. Louis, M o _______ _ St. Paul, M inn.1___ _ Salt Lake C ity, Utah__San Antonio, T e x .. . . San Francisco, Calif.1_ _ _ Scranton, Pa_______ Seattle, W ash____ _ _ South Bend, I n d ___ __ Spokane, W ash________ Springfield, M ass______ Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C_____ Wichita, K ans____ Worcester, M ass. ______ York, Pa_______________ Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 2 In cities where different kinds of bricklaying are not listed separately, it can generally be assumed that the general bricklaying rate prevails also for sewer and tunnel bricklayers. W A GES AND T able H O U B S , B Y TEADES A N D 47 CITIES 12.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 15, 1937, and M a y 15, 1936 — Continued CARPENTERS 3 M ay 15,1937 C ity w 0i ; b f £o a . < ft » ©® la $1.000 Baltimore, M d _________ 1.250 1.250 Millwrights________ Parquetry floor layers 1.250 W harf and bridge____ 1. 250 .750 Ship caulkers _ _ 1.000 Birmingham, A la___ 1.375 Boston, M ass. _____ 1.275 W harf and bridge___ Buffalo, N . Y . ................. 1.300 1.400 Millwrights_________ 1.500 Butte, M ont _ _ ____ Charleston, S. C __ ___ .750 Charleston^ W . V a ____ 1.250 Charlotte, N . C ____ _ . .875 Chicago, 111.1____ _ _ _ 1.500 Cincinnati, Ohio. _ _ 1.350 _ 1.375 Cleveland, O h io ______ Columbus, Ohio___ _ 1.150 Dallas, Tex _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.000 D ayton, Ohio_______ _ 1.375 1.430 Denver, Colo __ _ _ __ Des Moines, I o w a _____ 1.150 Detroit, M ich ______ __ 1. 250 1.250 M illw rig h ts________ Duluth, M in n ____ _ _ 1.125 El Paso, T ex.1 __________ 1.000 Erie, Pa_____ ___ 1.100 Grand Rapids, M ich ___ 1.000 Houston, Tex.: 1.125 Rate A___ _ ____ Rate B ___________ __ .875 Rate C _____ ___ ___ 1.000 Indianapolis, In d _____ 1.250 Jacksonville, Fla__ _ __ . 750 Kansas C ity, M o_ 1. 250 Little R ock, A rk_______ 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif_____ *1.100 Millwrights _ _ _ _ 1. 250 Parquetry floor layers. 1.125 W harf and bridge. _ _ 1.330 Ship carpenters_ _ 1.100 Louisville, K y _________ 1. 250 Madison, W is ._ __ _ 1.000 Manchester, N. H ______ 1.000 M emphis, Tenn.: Rate A _____________ 1.000 Rate B ___ _______ _ 1.000 Milwaukee, W is.: Rate A __________ ____ 1.200 Rate B _______________ 1.000 M © % © ft o M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 M ay 15,1936 C r t Q b o Is S h w® © ft 0 3 M © £ © a c n 3 o M 40 $1.000 40 1.100 40 1.200 40 1.250 40 1.100 44 .720 40 1.000 40 1.175 40 1.075 40 1.200 40 1.300 30 1.500 44 .500 40 1.000 44 .700 40 1.500 40 1. 200 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.150 35 1.250 40 1.150 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 .800 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 40 1.150 .750 1.125 1.000 1.100 1.000 1.100 1.125 1. 000 1.000 .900 1.000 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 .650 40 40 40 40 1.050 .925 40 40 C ity w © bO J is ** ja P S Minneapolis, M inn _ _ $1.250 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn______ _ 1.000 Newark, N . J---------------- 1.400 1.063 New Haven, Conn. __ 1.000 New Orleans, La _ Ship carpenters ____ 1.000 W harf and bridge____ s.800 1.400 New York, N. Y .1 ____ .900 Norfolk, V a____________ Oklahoma City, Okla__ 1.125 1.000 Omaha, Nebr_ 1.375 Peoria, 111 Philadelphia, Pa ------------ 1.125 Pittsburgh, Pa.1 ___ _ 1. 250 1.125 Portland, O reg_______ 1.000 Ship: Rate A _ ____ _ 1.125 Rate B W harf and dock 1. 250 1.000 Providence, R . I 1. 200 Reading, Pa .900 Richm ond, Va _ ___ Rochester, N. Y ________ 1.200 Rock Island (111.) dis 1. 200 trict 1.500 St. Louis, M o ___ ____ 1.000 Ship carpenters St. Paul, M inn_________ 1.250 Salt Lake City, U ta h ... 1.125 San Antnnio, Tex 1. 000 1.125 San Francisco, Calif _ 1.125 Floor layers Ship repair .975 1.125 Scranton, Pa ____ 1. 250 Seattle, Wash Parquetry floor layers. 1.350 1.100 Shipwrights__ Ship caulkers 1.180 Bridge and d ock_____ 1.333 Boom work _ _ _ _ 1.417 South Bend, In d .1 1.150 1. 250 Spokane, Wash 1. 250 Springfield, Mass 1. 300 Toledo, Ohio Washington, D. C __ ___ 1.500 Wichita, Kans 1. 000 Worcester, Mass 1.000 .750 York, P a ______________ Youngstown, Ohio 1.200 M m © $ M © © £ (-i a a C w® O O T S h ©ft e 3 3 o O " S M M tf % U ft 35 $1,000 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 44 40 .900 1.400 1.063 .750 40 40 40 44 .800 1.400 .800 40 40 44 .900 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.200 .800 1.050 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 40 40 30 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.125 .925 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 44 1.125 1.125 1.250 1.100 1.140 1.125 40 30 30 40 40 30 l. 666 1.000 1. 000 1.000 1.375 .875 1.000 .650 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 025 40 1.250 40 1.000 48 1.000 40 40 40 48 C E M E N T F IN IS H E R S Atlanta, Ga____________ $1. 250 Baltimore, M d _________ 1.250 Birmingham, A la______ 1.250 _______ _ 1.250 Boston, Mass.1 Buffalo, N . Y __________ 1.250 Butte, M on t___________ 2.000 Chicago, 111.1 ___________ 1.500 40 $1. 000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.125 30 1.625 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 Cincinnati, Ohio _____ $1. 250 Cleveland, O hio_______ 1.375 1.125 Columbus, Ohio _ 1.250 Dallas, T e x ______ ____ Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) dis trict.) 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 3 In cities where different kinds of carpentering are not listed separately, it can generally be assumed that the general carpenter rate prevails for millwrights, parquetry floor layers, ship carpenters, and wharf and bridge carpenters. 4 $1,285 per hour for moving picture studio work, 5 Broken time rate, $1 per hour, 48 T able U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES 12.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 7 , and M a y 15, 1936 — Continued C E M E N T F IN IS H E R S —C o n t in u e d Dayton, Ohio__________ $1,250 Denver, Colo ___ ____ 1.430 Des Moines, Iow a ______ 1.200 Detroit, M ich __________ 1.250 El Paso, T ex___________ 1.000 Erie, P a ________________ 1.250 Grand Rapids, M ich___ 1.000 Houston, T ex__________ 1.250 Indianapolis, Ind_ ___ 1.250 Jacksonville, Fla_____ _ 1.000 Kansas C ity, M o . _ _ . 1.250 Little R ock, A r k . _____ 1. 250 Los Angeles, C alif_____ 1.250 Louisville, K y _________ 1.250 Madison, W is__________ 1.000 1.500 Manchester, N . H Memphis, T en n ________ 1.125 Milwaukee, W is _______ 1.300 M in n e a p o lis,M in n ... . 1.250 M oline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T enn. ______ 1.375 Newark, N . J __________ 1.500 1.200 N ew Haven, C onn.1. _ .850 N ew Orleans, La----------New York, N . Y _______ 1.400 Norfolk, V a_____ _______ 1. 250 Oklahoma City, O k la ... 1. 500 40 $1,000 35 1.250 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.100 44 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 44 1.250 40 1.100 40 .900 40 1.300 44 1.125 40 1.125 35 1.200 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 1.250 1.500 1.200 .850 1.400 1.100 1.000 Omaha, N ebr.1 _________ Peoria, 111______________ Philadelphia, Pa.1 ______ Pittsburgh, Pa.1. ____ Portland, M aine_____ Portland, Oreg_________ Providence, R . I . _____ Reading, P a___________ Richm ond, V a_________ Rochester, N . Y _ ........ R ock Island (111.) dis trict_________________ St. Louis, M o ................... St. Paul, M in n . _____ Salt Lake City, U ta h ... San Antonio, T ex______ San Francisco, Calif____ Scranton, Pa______ ____ Seattle, W a s h . . . _____ South Bend, In d _______ Spokane, W ash________ Springfield, M ass______ Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C _____ W ichita, Kans______ __ Worcester, M ass_______ Youngstown, Ohio_____ Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 40 $1,000 40 1. 250 40 1.050 40 1.400 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.150 40 1. 250 44 1.100 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 1.000 1.313 1.000 1.100 1.000 1.125 1.200 1. 250 1.000 1.250 1.375 1.250 1.250 .875 1. 300 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 250 40 1.000 44 40 44 1.125 .750 40 40 1.000 .750 40 40 .900 1.200 1.000 1. 125 30 30 40 40 .900 1.200 .850 1.125 30 30 40 40 1.300 1.063 .925 1.250 40 40 40 40 1.250 1.000 .875 1.125 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.500 1. 250 1.125 1.250 1. 700 .900 1.000 1.250 1.375 1.125 1.375 1.125 1.650 .900 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 30 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.500 1. 250 1.125 1. 250 1.700 .900 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.500 .900 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 35 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 $1.000 1.375 1.125 1.400 1. 250 1.125 1.150 1.000 1.000 1.375 1. 200 1.575 1.250 1.100 1.000 1.125 1.200 1. 250 1.250 1.675 1.625 1. 625 1.375 1.000 1. 500 1.150 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 E L E C T R IC IA N S (In sid e w ire m e n a n d fixtu re h a n g e rs ) Atlanta, Ga.: Class A ________ __ . Class B _______ ______ Baltimore, M d _ _ --------Birmingham, A la ______ Boston, M ass_________ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Butte, M o n t.1 __________ Charleston, S. C _______ Charleston, W . V a.1 ___ Chicago, 111.1 _____ _____ M odernization_______ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, O h i o . . ____ Fixture hangers____ _ Columbus, Ohio_______ Dallas, T e x ____ _______ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton , Ohio................... D enver, C olo ________ Des M oines, Iowa______ Detroit, M ich __________ Duluth, M in n _________ E l Paso, Tex___________ Erie, Pa________________ Grand Rapids, Mich__;_ Houston, T ex____ ______ Indianapolis, Ind .1_____ Repairs.......................... Jacksonville, Fla.: R ateA __................. Rate B _____ _________ $1. 250 1.000 1. 375 1.250 1. 500 1.250 1.500 1.000 1.125 1.500 1.063 1.400 1.650 1.500 1.050 1.250 40 $1.125 40 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.125 30 1.500 40 40 1.000 40 1.500 40 1.063 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1. 500 40 1.000 44 1.000 40 40 20 40 40 30 30 40 44 1.650 1.430 1.375 1.550 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.380 1.380 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1.250 1.250 1.375 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.000 40 35 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.110 1.000 40 40 1.100 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 Kansas C ity, M o ___ __ Los Angeles, Calif_____ Fixture hangers ____ Louisville, K y .: Class A ______________ Class B ________ ___ M adison, W is.: Rate A ........................... Rate B _______________ Manchester, N . H _____ M em phis, Tenn________ Milwaukee, W is.: Class A ____ _________ Class B ____________ . Class C ____ _____ _ Minneapolis, M in n ____ M oline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T en n ________ Newark, N . J __________ Maintenance— ______ New Haven, C o n n ____ New Orleans, La_______ New York, N . Y _______ Norfolk, V a____________ Oklahoma City, Okla___ Omaha, N ebr__________ Peoria, 111____________ Maintenance. _______ Philadelphia, Pa_______ Maintenance . . . ____ Pittsburgh, Pa________ Portland, M aine______ Portland, Oreg............... $1. 375 1.000 1.000 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 16, 1937, which have come to the attention Qf the Bureau, 49 WAGES AND HOURS, BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, May 15 , 1987, and May 15, 1986— Continued E L E C T R IC IA N S —C o n t in u e d $1.150 Providenne, R- I .800 Beading, Pa, .900 Richm ond, Va 1.375 Rochester, N . Y R ock Island (111.) "dis 1.125 trict __ . . . . 1. 500 St. L o u is .M o _ _ 1.200 St. Paul, M in n .1 . __ Salt Lake City, U ta h .. _ 1.125 1.000 San Antonio, Tex Pra.nr-.isp.Oj Calif 1. 250 Fixture hangers 1. 250 Scranton, Pa----------------- 1. 125 44 44 40 40 1.050 1.500 1.000 1.125 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.125 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 Seattle, Wash . ______ $1. 500 Fixture h a n g e rs_____ 1.250 South Bend, In d _______ 1. 100 Spokane, W ash. ._ __ 1.250 Fixture hangers. _ _ . 1.250 Springfield, Mass. ___ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio_________ . 1.650 Fixture hangers.. ._ _ 1.500 Washington, D . C_ 1.650 Wichita, K ans____ __ __ 1.000 Worcester, Mass _ _ 1.125 York, Pa ___________ 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.500 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour Hours per week | 1 40 $1.000 44 .800 .800 40 40 1.200 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 M ay 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 30 $1.375 30 1.125 40 1.000 35 1.125 35 1.000 40 1.125 35 1.375 35 1.000 40 1.650 48 .800 40 1.125 40 40 1.350 30 30 40 35 35 40 35 40 40 48 40 40 $1.120 40 1.010 40 1.300 40 1.110 40 1.000 40 1.403 44 1.060 44 1.000 44 .900 44 1.105 44 .990 40 1.290 40 1. 360 40 1. 220 40 1.490 40 1.340 44 1.120 40 1.210 40 1.090 40 1.200 44 1.230 44 1.080 44 .970 40 1.220 40 1.100 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 44 44 44 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 44 30 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 1.150 1.480 1.190 1.050 .945 1.300 1.170 1.270 1.425 1.283 1.000 .900 1.120 1 010 -. 1.225 1. 230 1.660 1.500 1.080 44 40 44 40 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 1.300 1.260 1.140 40 40 40 30 ELEV A TO R CON STRU CTORS Atlanta, Ga.1 ___________ Baltimore, M d _________ Maintenance_________ Birmingham, Ala---------Maintenance_________ Boston, Mass__________ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Maintenance_________ Butte, M on t___________ Maintenance_________ Charleston, W . V a.1-----Chicago, 111.1 ___________ Maintenance_________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Maintenance_________ Cleveland, Ohio 1______ Columbus, Ohio 1______ Dallas, T ex------------------Maintenance_________ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio 1-------------Denver, C olo---------------Maintenance_________ Des Moines, Iowa______ Maintenance_________ Detroit, M ich__________ Duluth, M inn--------------Maintenance_________ Erie, Pa________________ Maintenance_________ Grand Rapids, M ich.!__ Houston, T ex ---------------Maintenance_________ Indianapolis, Ind_______ Maintenance_________ Jacksonville, Fla_______ Maintenance.............. . Kansas City, M o ______ Maintenance_________ Little R ock, A rk_______ M aintenance................ Los Angeles, Calif______ Louisville, K y _________ Maintenance_________ Memphis, T en n ________ Maintenance_________ Milwaukee, W is_______ Maintenance_________ Minneapolis, M in n ____ $1.150 1.300 1.300 1.300 1.170 1.525 1.260 1.134 1.540 1.254 1.100 1.500 1.350 1.510 1.360 1.425 1.190 1.425 1.280 1.330 1.440 1. 300 1.325 1.190 1.275 1.100 .980 1.080 .970 1.170 1.425 1.280 1.380 1. 250 1.050 .950 1.415 1.273 1.125 1. 010 1. 250 1.225 1.125 1. 225 1.100 1. 225 1.100 1.250 40 $1.150 40 1.250 44 1.250 40 1.150 44 1.030 40 1.330 40 1. 210 40 1.090 40 1.540 44 1. 254 40 1.100 40 1.500 40 1.350 40 1.300 40 1.170 40 1.400 40 1.190 40 1.200 44 1.080 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 35 40 40 44 40 44 44 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 44 44 40 40 44 44 44 44 44 40 44 40 40 44 40 35 40 40 44 40 44 44 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 44 44 44 44 44 40 44 40 40 44 1.330 1. 225 1.100 1.325 1.190 1. 250 1.000 .900 1.030 .920 1.170 1. 275 1.150 1.250 1.120 1.050 .950 1.365 1.229 1.125 1.010 1.125 1. 110 1.000 1. 200 1.080 1.140 1.030 1.190 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) dLstrict.) Nashville, T enn______ - $1,200 Maintenance______ __ 1.080 New Haven, C onn.1___ 1.300 New Orleans, La.1-1.110 Maintenance_________ 1.000 New York, N . Y _______ 1.403 Norfolk, V a __________ _ 1.060 Oklahoma City, Okla__. 1.200 Maintenance ___ _. 1.080 Omaha, Nebr_ ______ 1.105 M aintenance.-. .. .990 Peoria, 111______________ 1.290 Philadelphia, P a.1 ______ 1.360 Maintenance_________ 1.220 Pittsburgh, Pa.1 ________ 1.490 Maintenance_______ - 1.340 Portland, M aine___ ___ 1. 120 Portland, Oreg_________ 1.400 Maintenance_________ 1.260 Providence, R . I- . . . 1. 200 Reading, Pa___________ 1. 230 Richm ond, V a.1______ - 1.080 .970 Maintenance_________ Rochester, N . Y .1______ 1. 220 Maintenance____ ____ 1.100 R ock Island (111.) dis trict__________ ____ __ 1.350 St. Louis, M o __________ 1.580 St. Paul, M in n _________ 1.250 San Antonio, T ex______ 1. 250 Maintenance_________ 1. 125 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.400 Maintenance___ _____ 1. 260 Scranton, Pa___________ 1. 270 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.540 Maintenance_________ 1.386 South Bend, Ind ___ 1.100 .990 Maintenance_________ Spokane, Wash ______ 1.300 Maintenance______ _- 1.170 Springfield, M ass______ 1.225 Toledo, Ohio___________ 1.450 Washington, D . C ___ 1.660 Maintenance_________ 1.500 1.080 Wichita, K a n s _____ Maintenance_______ - .970 Worcester, M ass. _____ 1.300 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.270 M aintenance________ 1.150 1 See appendix, p . 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 50 T U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES able 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, May 15, 1987, and May 15, 1936— Continued E N G IN E E R S (P orta b le a n d h o istin g ) Atlanta, Ga.: 2- and 3-drum rigs____ 1-drum rigs___________ Baltimore, M d .:1 Hoists, excavating shovels_____________ Derricks_____________ Birmingham, Ala.: Boom derricks, shovels, locomotive cranes______________ Concrete mixers______ Boston, Mass.: Digging---------------------Hoisting_____________ Hoisting assistants___ Buffalo, N . Y .: Cranes, derricks, drag lines, shovels, skim mers, cableways, pile drivers_________ Compressors, mixers, power graders, roll ers, pumps, heating boilers_____________ Hoisting, locomotives, backfilling machines Butte, M ont.: Hoists, steel erection work_______________ Hoists, single-drum .__ Pile drivers, all other hoists______________ Shovels______________ Bulldozers, scrapers. _. Caterpillars and tracors (without attach ments) _____________ Power units__________ P orta ble engineers, building construc tion________________ Graders, highway____ Charleston, S. C . . ......... Charleston, W . Va.: Booms, hoists, steam shovels, cranes, ca bleways, etc________ Con cre te mixers, pumps, street roll ers, etc_____________ Concrete mixers, onebag s iz e ................. . Chicago, 111.: Hoists, building........... $1.250 1.000 40 $1.250 40 1.000 40 40 1.250 1.500 40 40 1.250 1.500 40 40 1.250 1.125 40 40 1.250 1.125 40 40 1.625 1.375 1.150 40 40 40 1.425 1.175 1.050 40 40 40 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.200 40 1.333 40 1.333 40 1.375 1.125 30 30 1.375 1.125 30 30 30 1.250 7 30 61.500 7 30 1.200 30 7 30 7 30 1.250 M.500 1.200 1.000 1.120 7 30 30 1.000 7 30 1.500 1.125 1.000 30 48 44 1.200 48 1.250 40 1.125 44 1.125 40 1.000 44 .875 40 .750 44 1.500 40 1.500 40 1.125 48 1.125 48 Paving engineers Pum ps_______________ Power shovels, Koehring graders, Haiss or Barber Green dig gers, all machines of like capacity_______ 1.825 48 1.825 48 Chicago, 111.—Con. Paving engineers— Continued All boilers, curb, side walk, and culvert mixers; air compres sors; dinkey loco m o tiv e s ; s to n e crushers, tamping and finishing ma ch in es; m a te ria l h a n d lin g d e v ice s and power blades___ All rollers, pavers, clamshells, asphalt p la n ts , su rfa cin g and retreading ma chines, and power graders_____________ Cincinnati, O h io:1 Class A ______________ Class B ______________ Class C ______________ Cleveland, Ohio: Building construction Hoists, air compres sors________________ Derricks, locomotive cranes______________ Road construction Asphalt rollerman____ T r e n c h m a c h in e s , truck cranes________ Air compressors______ Shovels______________ Paving mixers, plant mixers, grade rollers, back fillers_________ Columbus, O h io:1 S h ovels, d raglines, pull shovels, trench machines___________ Derricks, cableways. . . Cranes_______________ Hoists________________ Dallas, Tex.: Hoists, concrete mix ers with side loader, shovels, draglines_ _ Double-drum hoists.. . Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio: S h o v e ls , d e r r ic k s , hoists, and heavy equipm ent................ Small equipment_____ Mixers—21 feet and over without power moving device______ $1.500 48 $1.500 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 48 1.625 48 1.625 48 1.000 1.350 1.500 40 40 40 .800 1.100 1.250 40 40 40 81. 375 40 1.250 40 1.500 9 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.300 40 1.500 1.620 1.875 40 40 40 1.400 1.400 1.750 40 40 40 1.500 40 1.200 40 1.400 1.300 1.250 1.250 40 40 40 40 1.400 1.300 1.250 1.200 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 44 44 1.000 1.250 44 44 1.500 1.250 40 40 1.200 1.000 40 40 1.375 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 6 10 percent additional for underground work. 7 40 hours permitted on main highway work. .8 For high speed hoists; low speed hoists $1.50 per hour. 8 Locom otive cranemen allowed 56 hours per week. W A GES AN D T able HOURS, BY TRADES A N D 51 CITIES 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M ay 15, 1937, and M ay 15, 1936— Continued E N G IN E E R S —C o n tin u e d Denver, Colo.: Building excavating (in city)____________ $1.430 Building excavating (outside city )_______ 1.430 Power shovels (roads) (outside city )_______ 1.250 Power shovels (roads) (in city )____________ 1. 500 Des Moines, Iowa 1____ 1.200 Detroit, M ich ......... ........ 1.500 El Paso, Tex.: Hoists and portable machinery_________ 1.000 Draglines and shovels _ 1.250 Erie, Pa.: S hovels, draglines, pile drivers, cranes, trench excavators, and derricks_______ 1.375 Road rollers, paving machines___________ 1.125 All others____________ 1.250 Houston, Tex.: Small equipment_____ 1.125 2-drum hoists________ 1. 375 Indianapolis, Ind.: C ra n es, d ra g lin es, shovels, derricks, paving and hoisting machines___________ 1.450 Cement mixers, airc o n d itio n in g p u m p s , w e ld in g machines, etc______ 1.300 35 $1.250 35 40 40 1.250 40 35 40 40 1.200 1.250 40 40 40 44 1.000 1.250 40 44 40 1.375 40 40 40 1.125 1.250 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 40 40 40 40 1.300 1.200 44 44 Road construction Pavers of 21-foot cap a c ity , p ow er cranes, draglines, shovels, 2-drum ma chines______________ Scoops, bulldozers, trench m achines, backfillers__________ E le v a tin g g rad er, power blade________ Mixers, less than 21foot capacity, 50 horsepower tractors, finishing machines, farm graders, 1drum machines____ Air compressors, dirt r o lle r s , w a ter pumps, 30-50 horse power tractors, fire men and oilers_____ Kansas City, M o.: 1-drum hoists, mixers, pum ps_____________ Cranes, derricks, shov els, 2-drum hoists, swinging device ma chines______________ Caterpillar operator. __ 1.400 48 1. 250 48 1.125 48 1.000 48 .850 48 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.375 .850 40 40 1.375 40 M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 sa c 3 Los Angeles, Calif.: Hoists, pile drivers___ $1.375 Draglines, steam shov els_________________ 1.500 Trench machines____ 1.250 T r a c t o r s , co n cre te mixers, rollers, com pressors____________ 1.125 Boom derricks, cranes_ 1.250 Cableways___________ 1.500 Louisville, K y .: Class A ______________ 1.250 Class B ______________ 1.000 .850 Class C ______________ Madison, W is.: 1-drum hoists, mixers. D errick s, shovels, cranes______________ 1.000 Manchester, N . H ______ 1.125 Memphis, Tenn.: 3-drum hoists, pile drivers, paving ma chines______________ 1.250 Tractors_____________ 1.000 1drum hoists, street rollers---------------------- 1.125 Paving concrete mix ers_________________ 1.000 Draglines, skimmerscoops______________ 1.250 Milwaukee, W is.: Roller and plant m e n .. 1.650 Mixers on building— 1.300 Cranes, power shovels. 1.500 Pile drivers__________ 1.450 Sewer and tunnel work — backfillers, cranes, draglines, trench machines, etc. 1.650 Hoists________________ 1.350 Concrete pumps, der ricks_______________ 1.500 Pum ps----------------------- 1.050 C ompressors ............. 1.100 Minneapolis, M inn.: 2- or 3-drum h o i s t s , draglines, asphalt rollers (8 tons or over)_______________ 1.400 D e r r ic k s , s te a m pumps, stone crush ers, street rollers (under 8 tons)______ 1.200 Power shovels________ 1.500 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn.: 1drum hoists_ 1.000 2- or 3-drum hoists, cranes, shovels_____ 1.250 Newark, N . J.: Brick hoists, com pressors on build ings, mixers and ex cavating machines. _ 2. 000 Pile drivers and foun dation machines____ 1.925 ■sS a Hours City M © £ Rates per M © 0 5 £ © a J Hours Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15, 1936 40 $1. 250 40 40 40 1.250 1.250 48 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 1.000 .800 40 40 40 40 .900 40 40 40 1.200 40 44 44 1.250 1.125 44 44 44 1.125 44 44 1.000 44 40 40 40 40 1.420 1.150 1.350 1.240 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 40 40 1.250 44 40 40 1.000 1.308 44 44 40 1.000 40 40 1.250 40 40 2.000 40 40 1.750 40 44 40 40 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 52 U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES T able 1 2 ,— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M ay 15, 1987, and M ay 15, 1986— Continued E N G IN E E R S — C o n t in u e d Newark N. J.—Con. Steel hoists, compressors on steel w o r k ... $2.250 N ew Haven, Conn.: Cranes, derricks, pile drivers-------------------- 1.500 Steam and power shovels_____________ 1.500 N ew Orleans, L a_______ 1.000 N ew York, N . Y . :i Rollers, concrete mixers, portable air compressors____________ 1.750 Pumps, M oore trench machines, buildingmaterial h oists.-. _ 1.925 Hoists (stone) _______ 1.925 C ra n es, d e rrick s , hoists, (steel)____ __ 2. 213 (other)_____________ 1.925 Pile drivers................. 1.925 Shovels______________ 2.125 Oklahoma City, Okla.: H od hoists and con crete m ix e rs _______ 1.250 Clamshells, derricks, pile drivers____ ____ 1.250 Omaha, N ebr__________ 1.120 Peoria, 111 ________ 1. 500 Philadelphia, Pa.: W e e k l y u n i t — a ll classes___________ _ 1.500 Daily unit—steel and stonework_____ __ 1. 750 Daily unit—all other classes______________ 1. 625 Pittsburgh, P a .:1 Major hoisting equip ment___________ - - . 1.438 M inor hoisting equip ment __________ - - . 1. 375 Major excavating equipment_________ 1. 438 Portland, Oreg.: Hoists (double-drum ). 1.125 H o is ts , d e rrick s , cranes______________ 1. 250 Power shovels________ 1.375 Hoists (single-drum). _ 1. 000 Firem en______ ______ . 875 Oilers__ ____ ______ __ . 800 Providence, R . I__........... 1.350 3-drum hoists and shovels___________ . 1. 500 Reading, P a ___________ 1. 500 Rochester, N . Y ________ 1.375 R ock Island (111.), dis trict: Small machines______ 1.200 Heavy machines.......... 1.200 St. Louis, M o.: 1-drum hoists and other small equip ment_______________ 1.500 Clamshells, pile driv ers, locomotives, cranes, orange peels, 3-drum hoists....... . 1. 750 40 $2.250 40 40 1.275 40 40 44 1.250 1.000 40 44 40 1.500 40 40 40 1.500 1.563 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.963 1.750 1.675 1.875 40 40 40 40 44 1.000 44 44 40 40 1.250 44 1. 250 40 40 1.500 40 40 1. 625 40 40 1. 625 40 40 1.438 40 40 1.375 40 40 1.438 40 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 1. 250 40 40 1. 350 40 40 40 40 1. 500 1. 500 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.200 40 40 40 1. 350 40 40 1.470 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective the Bureau. St. Paul, Minn.: 2-3-drum hoists, drag lines, asphalt rollers of8 tons or over._ D e r r ic k s , s t e a m pumps, stone crush ers, street rollers of less than 8 tons_____ Power s h o v e ls ,-.____ Salt Lake City, Utah___ Shovels, draglines____ Bulldozers, Le Tourneau machines_____ Blade rollers________ _ San Antonio, Tex.: 2-drum (or over) hoists______________ 1-drum hoists____ ___ Caterpillars__________ San Francisco, Calif.: Hoists (building ma terial)______________ Tractors (over 50 horsepower)________ Hoists (steel)_________ Road m achinery_____ Pile drivers__________ Shovels (power, etc.) - Scranton, Pa.: D e r r i c k s - ..___ __ _ Concrete mixers and pum ps_____________ Seattle, Wash.: Caterpillars and trac tors________________ Bulldozers (under 60 horsepower)-. _____ Bulldozers (60 horse power and over) A ll other hoists except shovels _____ . Steel erection hoists___ Shovels (road)________ Locom otive cranes, clamshells__________ South Bend, Ind.: Mixers (1-bag ca pacity)_____________ Cranes, shovels, der ricks, 2- (or more) drum hoists________ 1-drum hoists............... Spokane, Wash.: Bulldozers and all road machinery, ex cept shovels. ......... C oncretem ixers_____ Dinkey engines___ . . Shovels, 3-drum hoists. Springfield, Mass.: 1-or 2-drum hoists____ Excavating shovels, cr a n e s, 3 -d ru m hoists______________ Road mixers__________ Small mixers. ________ Toledo, Ohio: Mixers (l-bag capac it y )-------- ---------------- Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 $1.250 44 1.200 1. 500 1. 250 1.250 40 40 44 44 1.000 1. 308 1.125 1. 250 44 44 44 44 1.250 1.000 44 44 1.000 1.000 44 44 1.250 1.000 .875 40 40 40 1. 250 1.000 .950 40 40 40 $1.400 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.500 1. 500 1.428 1. 500 1.667 40 40 40 40 30 1.286 1. 375 1. 428 1. 500 1.667 35 40 35 30 30 1. 500 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 30 1.000 30 1. 350 30 1.250 1.375 1.500 30 30 30 1. 500 30 1.500 1.625 1. 750 30 30 30 1. 750 30 1.000 40 .750 40 1.250 1.000 40 40 1.100 1.000 40 40 1. 250 1. 375 1. 375 1. 625 35 35 35 35 1. 250 1. 250 1. 200 1.500 40 40 40 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.500 1. 250 .750 40 48 48 1. 250 1.000 40 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 M a y 15,1937, which have come to the attention of W A GES A N D T able 12,— HOUKS, BY TRADES A N D 53 CITIES Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M ay 15, 1987, and M ay 15, 1936— Continued E N G IN E E R S —C o n t in u e d 40 $1.250 40 40 1.375 40 40 1.850 Rates of wages per hour 40 $1. 650 40 40 1. 500 40 40 40 1. 250 1.125 40 40 40 $0. 550 40 1.200 40 1.000 44 .750 40 1.400 40 . 750 40 44 .800 40 1.125 40 1. 050 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 35 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1. 500 1.000 .900 1.000 1. 000 1. 063 1. 000 1. 000 1.000 1. 300 .950 1. 200 40 40 40 48 40 35 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 4 1 0 1.000 1 4 1 0 0 4 0 1.000 24 1 0 0 1.000 1.000 1 00 0 40 44 44 40 40 40 City Hours per week Hours per week Washington, D. C—Con. Hoists and pavers____ $1. 750 Pumps, compressors, mixers........................ 1.600 Youngstown, Ohio: Large equipment_____ 1. 500 Small equipment_____ 1. 250 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour T oledo, Ohio—Con. Hoists, pumps, mixers (over 1-bag capa city) _ ______ __ $1.375 Derricks, excavating 1. 500 shovels Washington, D . C .: Shovels, cranes, der ricks, pile drivers, etc_________________ 2.000 Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 G L A Z IE R S Atlanta, Ga____________ Baltimore, M d _________ Birmingham, A la ______ Boston, M ass__________ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Butte, M on t___________ Charleston, W . V a_____ Chicago, 111____________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, Ohio________ Steel sash____________ Columbus, O hio.......... Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio__________ Denver, C olo__________ Des Moines, Iowa______ Detroit, M ich--------------Duluth, M in n -------------Houston, T ex__________ Indianapolis, In d ______ Jacksonville, Fla----------Kansas City, M o ______ Louisville, K y _________ Manchester, N . H _____ Memphis, Tenn________ Milwaukee, W is_______ Minneapolis, M in n ____ Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) $1,000 1.000 1.250 1. 250 1.150 1.250 1.000 1.800 1. 550 1.375 1.500 1.000 1.375 1.200 .900 1.250 .650 1.125 1.250 .750 1.438 1.000 .900 .750 1.100 1.000 40 $0. 850 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.000 35 1.703 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 1.200 40 40 40 1.000 40 40 48 ” .'650' ” ’ 48 40 40 1.000 40 40 1.150 .750 40 40 40 40 1.375 40 40 .800 .900 40 40 44 .650 40 40 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 Nashville, T enn________ Newark, N . J __________ New Haven, C onn_____ New Orleans, La_______ New York, N . Y _______ Norfolk, Va Oklahoma C ity, O k la ... Omaha, N eb r__________ Peoria, 111______________ Philadelphia, P a.1--------Pittsburgh, Pa_________ Portland, Oreg______ Providence, R . I . ___ __ Reading, Pa _________ Rochester, N . Y ___ ._ Rock Island (111.) dis trict_______________ - _ St. Louis, M o __ St. Paul, M in n _________ Salt Lake C ity, U ta h ... San Antonio, T e x _____ San Francisco, Calif____ Seattle, Wash . . . . . . . South Bend, I n d ____ . Springfield, M ass---------Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C .____. Worcester, M ass_______ Youngstown, Ohio_____ $0. 720 1.313 1.250 .750 1.650 .750 .900 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.200 1.100 1.000 1. 000 1.000 1.150 1. 500 1.000 .900 1.000 1.100 1.200 1.000 1.125 1.125 1.300 .950 1.375 40 40 40 40 40 40 G R A N IT E C U T T E R S 1,000 4 1,000 1.000 4 1.000 44 $ Baltimore, M d . _____ $ io Boston, Mass 40 1.063 Buffalo, N . Y _________ 1.063 Surface machine oper 1.156 ators ._ __ . _ _ 40 1.156 1.188 44 1.063 Butte, M o n t ____ ____ 1.375 Chicago, 111____ ____ 40 1.375 40 1.125 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.125 Supplying own to o ls .. 1. 500 40 1.500 40 Shop. ___ ____ 40 Dallas, T e x _______ ___ Denver, C olo__________ 1. 250 35 1.125 1.375 35 1.125 Machine_____ ____ Manchester, N . H __ _ 40 40 1.250 Newark, N .J . ________ 1.250 40 N ew Haven, Conn. __ N ew York, N . Y _______ 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.313 M achine_____________ 1. 313 40 Philadelphia, P a_______ 40 Outside________ ___ 1. 250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 44 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 Pittsburgh, P a . _______ $1. 250 40 $ . 250 n Portland, M aine_____ _ . Portland, Oreg__ . . . . . . Providence, R . I ----------40 M achine. ...... ........ 1.075 40 1.125 40 St. Louis, M o _________ 1.125 . Surface machine oper 1.188 40 1.063 ators. _________ San Francisco, Calif____ 40 O u ts id e _____________ 40 . Seattle, W a s h _________ 40 Springfield, M a s s . . ___ . 40 Toledo, O hio. ......... ...... Machine_____________ 1.050 40 1. 050 Washington, D . C _____ 1.250 40 1.250 Outside______________ 1.500 40 1. 500 Worcester, M ass_____ __ 1.125 44 1.125 44 1.156 Outside and m achine.. 1.156 1.000 1.100 1.000 1 4 1.000 3 4 1.000 1.000 1 00 0 1.000 1 00 0 1.000 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 44 44 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 1 40-hour week in December, January, February, 3 1 40-hour week, July 1 to Mar. 31 each year. 0 June, July, and August. 1 40-hour week, N ov. 15 to Mar. 15. 1 1 40-hour week after July 1, 1937, 3 54 T able U N IO N SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES 1 2 . — U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 0 c ities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 — Continued LATHERS M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 © C ity ‘©'a C< n » © ft 0 3 Atlanta, Ga------------------- $1,000 1.250 Baltimore, M d ________ 1.250 Birmingham, A l a ____ 1.500 Boston, Mass . . . ___ Buffalo, N . Y .1_________ 1.333 Butte, M on t___________ 1.625 1.250 Charleston, W . V a__ 1.500 Chicago, 111.1 1.313 Cincinnati, Ohio___ . . . Cleveland, Ohio _ __ 1.625 Colum bus, Ohio, ___ __ 1. 313 Dallas, T ex ______ ___ _ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio__________ 1.500 Denver, Colo _ _____ 1.430 1.429 Des Moines, Iowa Detroit, M ich __ _____ 1.500 Duluth, M in n --------------- 1.350 Grand Rapids, M ich.: .750 W ood ____________ 1.250 M etal and wire 1.500 Houston, Tex Indianapolis, In d _______ 1. 375 1. 375 Kansas C ity, M o __ _ Little R ock, Ark.: 1.500 M etal___________ W ood . _________ 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif______ 1.333 Louisville, K y .: 1.375 Metal W ood 1 6.500 4 TV/Todicou V lo--------------- 1.200 L L llD Ilj W iq V ciL U V' M em phis, Tenn.: W ood ________________ 1.000 M etal____ _______ __ , 1.375 Milwaukee, W is.1 __ . . . 1.250 Minneapolis, M in n ____ 1.500 M oline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn_______ 1.250 Newark, N . J _______ _ 1. 625 1.500 N ew Haven, Conn N ew Orleans, La_______ 1.000 3 1 a o w C g §0 M a y 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 M © © £ t-i © ft m 3 O M 13 f-i 0 9 2 © ft "o 3 P ? 40 $1,000 40 1. 250 40 1.000 30 1. 500 40 1.250 30 1.625 40 1.100 40 1.500 40 1. 313 40 1.500 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 1.200 1. 250 1.429 1.250 1.200 40 35 35 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 .600 1.050 1.250 1.200 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 1.000 .750 1. 250 40 40 30 40 1.000 40 1 5.000 4 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 1.000 1.125 1.200 1.250 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 1. 250 1.625 1. 275 1.000 40 40 40 40 C ity l S3 = ! © ft M C O I © ft m 1 S3 1 New York, N . Y . : 1 W ood ________________ W ood ________________ M etal____ _____ ___ _ W ire_________________ Oklahoma C ity, Okla___ Omaha, N ebr________ Peoria, 111.__ ______ Philadelphia, Pa.: W ood ________________ M etal______________ . Pittsburgh, Pa.1 ___ . . . Portland, Oreg.: Metal and wood, first class_______________ W ood, second class___ Providence, R . I _____ __ Reading, Pa __ _____ Rochester, N . Y ______ R ock Island (111.) dis trict_________________ St. Louis, M o .:1 _ . . . . . M etal__________ ______ W ood ________________ St. Paul, M inn____ . . . Salt Lake City, Utah: W ood , first class _ _. W ood, second class___ Metal, first class_____ Metal, second class___ San Antonio, T ex.1_____ San Prancisco, Calif.: Class A ...... .......... ......... Class B ____ _______ Scranton, Pa___________ Seattle, Wash.: T ffit.n V .1 W ood Spolrnop, Wash Springfield, Mass.: Wire and m etal____ _ W ood _________ _____ _ Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C _____ W ichita, Kans__ ____ Youngstown, Ohio_____ to £ © ft c3 P 3 M © © £ © ft c n 1 H 35 $1.714 40 1 11.000 4 40 1.400 40 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1.200 40 1.250 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 1. 500 1. 500 40 40 40 1.200 1. 375 1.500 24 24 40 1. 375 1. 250 1.250 1.250 1. 375 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.000 1.200 1.250 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 1.500 40 $1.714 HI 1.000 1.400 1.500 1.250 1.200 1.500 1.250 40 40 1.375 40 1 7.400 4 30 1.250 40 40 30 1.250 1.100 1.500 1.125 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 1. 250 1.100 1.250 1.100 1.000 48 48 48 48 40 1.450 1.250 1.375 30 30 40 1.250 1.050 1. 200 30 30 40 1. 500 1.350 1. 500 30 30 30 1. 375 1. 250 1. 200 30 30 30 1.250 1 6.000 4 1.625 1.625 1.125 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1 6.000 4 35 1. 250 40 1.375 .875 40 40 1. 250 40 40 35 40 40 40 Nashville, T enn . _____ $0.900 Newark, N . J __________ 1.650 N ew Orleans, La.: Inside............. . ...... .880 Outside. _ _____ . . . 1.000 Pittsburgh, P a ___ __ 1.500 Rochester, N . Y ___ __ 1.200 St. Louis, M o __________ 1.500 San Antonio, T tx ______ 1.100 40 $0,900 40 1.650 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 375 1 7.400 4 1.500 M A C H IN IS T S Baltimore, M d ___ _____ $1. 250 Boston, M ass__________ 1.375 1.500 Chicago, 111______ _____ 1. 250 Cleveland, Ohio 1. 250 Houston, Tex 1.250 Indianapolis, Ind Kansas City, M o _ _ __ 1.250 1.100 Louisville, K y _ Maintenance_________ 1.000 1.250 Milwaukee, W is______ 40 $1.125 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 40 .850 40 .850 40 1.125 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.250 1.100 i See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 1 Per 1,000 laths. 4 55 WAGES AND HOURS, BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 15y 1987 , and M a y 15 , 1986 — Continued M ARBLE SETTERS Atlanta, Ga____ _____ $1. 250 Baltimore, M d _________ 1.250 1.500 Birmingham, A la_____ Boston, M ass__________ 1.500 Buffalo, N . Y __________ 1.375 Butte, M ont __________ 1.625 Charleston, W . V a _____ 1. 250 1.500 Chicago, 111___________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ 1.500 Cleveland, Ohio________ 1. 500 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1. 375 1.250 Dallas, T ex___________ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio__________ 1. 500 Denver, C olo_______ __ 1. 500 Des Moines, Iowa______ 1.375 Detroit, M ich __________ 1. 500 Duluth, M in n _________ 1.250 1.250 El Paso, T ex. ____ __ Erie, Pa____ __________ 1.500 Grand Rapids, M ich ___ 1.250 Houston, Tex __ ______ 1.250 Indianapolis, Ind _ . __ _ 1.375 Jacksonville, Fla_______ 1.250 Kansas C ity, M o ___ __ 1.375 Little Rock, A rk_______ 1.250 Los Angeles, Calif______ 1.188 Louisville, K y _ _ _ _____ 1.500 1.300 Madison, W is_________ Memphis, T enn________ 1.375 Milwaukee, W is_______ 1.250 40 $1.125 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.300 40 1.250 30 1.625 40 1.333 40 1.500 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1. 325 40 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1. 375 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.300 1.000 1.375 1.000 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.375 1.050 Minneapolis, M inn.1___ Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T enn-----------N ew Orleans, La.1_____ New York, N . Y .1 ______ Norfolk, V a____________ Oklahoma C ity, Okla_.Omaha, N ebr__________ Peoria, 111__ ___________ Philadelphia, Pa.1 --------Pittsburgh, Pa_______ Portland, M aine_______ Portland, Oreg_________ Providence, R . I _______ Reading, P a ___________ Rochester, N . Y _______ R ock Island (111.) dis trict__________________ St. Louis, Mo__ _______ St. Paul, M inn________ Salt Lake City, Utah___ San Antonio, T ex.1_____ San Francisco, Calif____ Scranton, P a .__________ Seattle, W ash__________ South Bend, Ind _______ Spokane, W ash________ Springfield, Mass........ . Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C _____ Worcester, Mass_____ Youngstown, Ohio_____ $1. 275 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 $1,200 40 1.375 1.000 1.500 1.375 1.250 1.250 1.375 1.500 1.375 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.375 1.320 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.375 1.000 1.500 1.375 1.000 1.125 1.375 1.375 1.250 1.250 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.375 1.200 40 40 1.250 1.375 1.200 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.625 1.500 1.750 1.500 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.375 1.200 1.000 1.125 1.125 1.500 1.375 1.250 1.375 1.375 1.250 1.500 1.300 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1,200 40 1.250 1.200 1.000 1.438 1.250 1. 250 1. 250 1. 250 1.250 1.320 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.200 1. 000 1. 438 1.000 1. 000 1. 250 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 40 1.125 1. 300 1.250 1. 250 1.000 1. 250 1.350 1. 500 1. 500 1. 625 1. 250 1. 300 1.500 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.175 40 32 M O S A IC A N D T E R R A Z Z O W O R K E R S Atlanta, Ga.: Rate A ....... ............ . Rate B _ . _ ___ ______ Baltimore, M d _________ Birmingham, A l a . . ___ Boston, M ass__ __ ___ Buffalo, N. Y _________ Butte, M on t-_......... Chicago, 111.1- _________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, Ohio________ Columbus, O h i o . . . ___ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio__________ Denver, C olo___ ______ Detroit, M ich __________ El Paso, T ex___________ Erie, Pa_____________ Grand Rapids, M ich ___ Houston, T ex __________ Indianapolis, Ind_______ Jacksonville, Fla. __ _ Kansas City, M o ______ Little R ock, A rk_______ Louisville, K y _________ Madison, W is.............. . Memphis, Tenn.......... $1.250 1.000 1.188 1.500 1. 500 1.250 1.625 1.375 1.250 1.188 1.000 1.500 1.430 1.125 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.200 1.250 40 $1,000 40 40 1.188 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.188 30 1.625 40 1.375 40 1.150 40 1.188 40 1.000 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 40 35 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.250 .900 1.100 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 Milwaukee, W is________ Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T enn_______ New Haven, Conn.1 ____ New Orleans, La.1 __ New York, N . Y _ Oklahoma City, Okla___ Peoria, 111________ Philadelphia, Pa __ Pittsburgh, Pa.1 Providence, R . I . _____ Rochester, N . Y _______ Rock Island (111.) dis trict_________ _______ St. Louis, M o St. Paul, M in n ________ San Antonio, T ex.1 San Francisco, C a lif___ Scranton, Pa Seattle, W ash-- _______ South Bend, Tnd Spokane, Wash Springfield, Mass Toledo, Ohio Washington, D . C Worcester, Mass Youngstown, Ohio $1,200 1.125 40 1. 250 l! 250 1.000 1.125 1. 375 1. 250 1. 300 1.300 1.000 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 56 T able UNION SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 12,— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 15 , 1987, and M a y 15, 1936 — Continued P A IN T E R S M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 City 1 ©^ to © ® 0 3 Atlanta, Ga------------------- $1,000 1.000 1.000 Baltimore, M d ________ Birmingham, A la . _ _ __ 1.075 Boston, M ass__ . . _ . . . 1.250 Buffalo, N. Y .1_________ 1.125 Spray painters_______ 1.410 B u tte,'M on t___________ 1.250 Charleston, S. C .750 Charleston^ W . Va _ . . . 1.000 Chicago, 111__ ________ 1.667 Cincinnati, Ohio 1______ 1.200 Cleveland, Ohio________ 1.300 Fresco painters. ______ 1.350 Columbus, O hio_______ 1.125 Dallas, T ex ____________ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio_________ 1. 250 Denver, C olo___________ 1. 250 Des Moines, Iow a--------- 1.125 Detroit, M ich __________ 1.250 Fresco painters _______ 1.250 Duluth, M in n .. ______ 1.000 E l Paso, Tex___________ 1.000 Erie, P a ________________ 1*1.050 .900 Grand Rapids, M ich ___ 1.125 Houston, Tex __ 1. 250 Indianapolis, Ind .750 Jacksonville, Fla _ __ 1. 250 Kansas City, M o _____ .875 Little R ock, A rk______ 1.000 Los Angeles, C alif.__ 1.000 Louisville, K y ________ Madison, W is ... ______ 1.000 Manchester, N . H_ _ .900 Memphis, T e n n ________ 1.000 Milwaukee, W is_______ 1.125 Swing stage painters.. 1.225 1.250 Spray painters ___ Structural iron and bridge painters. 1. 375 Minneapolis, M in n ____ “ 1.250 M © © £ © ft 1 H x n © b P 40 35 X T j © fa C M 1 a C O S o H x © n © ft c3 P 3 40 $0. 850 40 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1. 280 40 1.250 40 40 1.000 30 1.500 40 1.200 35 1.250 35 1. 300 40 1.000 40 .875 40 35 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 1.100 1.250 1.125 1.000 1. 250 .875 1.000 .900 .900 1.000 1.150 .750 1.125 .875 1.000 .900 .900 .900 1.000 1.000 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 35 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 City x. © r © ft < jJ Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn __ $0.925 Spray painters____ 1.500 Newark, N . J.1_________ 1.125 N ew Haven, Conn____ 1.063 N ew Orleans, La_______ .750 N ew York, N . Y .: Rate A _ 1.286 Rate B ____ __________ 1.714 Norfolk, V a ____________ .750 Oklahoma C ity, O k la ... 1.000 Omaha, N ebr__________ .900 Peoria, 111. ____ _____ 1.125 Philadelphia, Pa.1 _____ 1.000 Fresco painters_______ 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa_________ 1. 375 Portland, O r e g ..____ __ 1.100 Providence, R . I . . ____ 1. 000 _ Reading, P a _ _________ 1.000 Rochester, N . Y _______ 1.200 Rock Island (111.) dis trict _________ ______ 1.150 St. Louis, M o __________ 1.500 St. Paul, M in n _________ 1.200 Fresco painters_______ 1.500 Salt Lake C ity, U ta h ... 1.000 Swing stage painters _ 1.125 San Antonio, Tex _ . 1.000 San Francisco, Calif. 1.000 Scranton, Pa.1 ___ _ 1.063 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.250 South Bend, In d _______ 1.000 Spray painters 1.125 Spokane, W ash___ __ _ 1.250 _ Springfield, M ass_ __ . 1.125 Fresco painters 1. 375 Toledo, Ohio 1___ _____ 1.250 Spray painters______ 1.350 Washington, D . C 1. 571 Worcester, M ass__ .950 York, Pa_______________ .650 Youngstown, Ohio 1.200 M 8 £ © a x n u o H xn © f s « M © © © ft i M 40 $0.925 30 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1.063 44 .750 40 36 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 1.286 1. 500 .750 1.000 .800 1.000 1.000 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.000 .900 .900 1.050 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 35 40 40 35 35 35 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.000 1. 250 1.000 40 40 35 35 40 1.000 1 000 1.000 1.125 .825 40 40 40 30 40 1.000 1.000 1.375 1.150 35 40 40 35 1.375 .950 .700 1.200 35 40 40 40 40 $1,250 40 1.200 40 1. 250 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1. 325 44 1.000 40 1. 325 40 1.000 30 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.200 40 1. 300 40 1.250 40 1.200 30 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 30 PLASTERERS Atlanta, Ga____________ $1. 250 Baltimore, M d _________ 1.250 Birmingham, A la ______ 1. 250 Boston, M ass__________ 1.625 Buffalo, N . Y .i_________ 1.330 Butte, M o n t___________ 2.000 Charleston, S. C _______ 1.000 Charleston, W . V a_____ 1.375 Chicago, 111.1___________ 1.500 Cincinnati, Ohio_______ 1.375 Cleveland, O hio_______ 1.625 Columbus, Ohio_______ 1.375 Dallas, T e x ____________ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton, Ohio--------------- 1.500 Denver, C olo__________ 1.500 Des Moines, Iowa______ 1.375 40 $1,000 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 30 1. 375 40 1.330 30 1.625 44 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.500 40 1.200 40 1.250 40 40 40 30 40 30 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 35 40 1. 200 1.100 1.375 Detroit, M ich __________ Duluth, M in n _______ __ El Paso, Tex___________ Erie, P a____ _________ Grand Rapids, M ich ___ Houston, T e x ______ __ Indianapolis, Ind Jacksonville, Fla______ ___ Kansas City, M o Little Rock, A rk______ Los Angeles, Calif______ Louisville, K y ____ . . . Madison, W is.. ______ Manchester, N. H __ _ Memphis, T e n n ______ Milwaukee, W is_ _____ _ Minneapolis, M in n ____ Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) $1.550 1.350 1.250 1.500 1.250 1. 500 1. 375 1.000 1.450 1. 250 1. 333 1. 375 1.250 1.500 1. 563 1. 250 1.500 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 15 $1.15 per hour for work on swing scaffold. 14 $1.35 per hour for swing or structural-steel painting. W A GES A N D T able 12. — H O U R S , B Y TRADES A N D 57 CITIES U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 0 cities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 — Continued P L A S T E R E R S —C o n t in u e d Nashville, Tenn_ _____ Newark, N . J.__ ______ N ew Haven, Conn, 1 ___ N ew Orleans, La_______ N ew York, N . Y .: i Rate A ___________ Rate B _______________ Norfolk, Va _ __ _____ Oklahoma C ity, Okla__. Omaha, N ebr. . ___ ___ Peoria, 111___________ __ Philadelphia, Pa.1 ______ Pittsburgh, Pa.1________ Portland, M aine. _____ Portland, Oreg_________ Providence, R . I . _____ Reading, Pa _________ Richm ond, V a.1 ________ Rochester, N . Y .............. $1. 375 1.500 1.200 1.000 1. 500 2. 000 1. 250 1. 500 1. 250 1. 625 1.470 1.500 1.125 1.500 1.375 1.250 1.000 1. 375 40 $1.250 40 1.500 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 500 1. 500 1.100 1.000 1.125 1.500 1.375 1.500 1.125 1.200 1.200 1. 250 1.100 1.250 Rock Island (111.) dis trict__________________ $1. 500 St. Louis, M o .1________ 1.625 St. Paul, M in n _________ 1.500 Salt Lake City, U ta h ... 1.500 San Antonio, T ex______ 1.250 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.500 Scranton, Pa___________ 1.500 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.600 South Bend, In d ____ _ 1. 500 _ 1. 675 Spokane, W ash_____ Springfield, M ass_ _ __ 1.625 Toledo, O h io __________ 1.625 Washington, D . C ... 1. 750 Wichita, K a n s ... ____ 1.250 Worcester, Mass_______ 1. 500 York, Pa_______________ 1.100 Youngstown, Ohio___ _ 1.500 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 $1. 250 40 1.500 35 1. 250 30 1. 500 40 1. 250 30 1.250 40 1.200 30 1.500 40 1. 250 30 1.500 40 1. 375 40 1. 375 30 1. 500 44 1.100 40 1. 300 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 40 35 30 40 30 40 30 40 30 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 $1. 400 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 40 1. 050 40 40 40 40 44 35 40 40 44 40 40 35 40 40 30 40 40 44 40 1. 500 1. 500 1.400 1.100 1.000 1. 250 1. 200 1. 500 1.000 1.200 1. 200 1.200 1. 000 1. 200 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 30 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 1. 200 1.250 1. 438 1. 200 1.100 1. 250 1.100 1. 200 1. 375 1.125 1. 200 1. 200 1. 200 1. 500 .850 1.200 40 40 24 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 P L U M B E R S A N D G A S F IT T E R S Atlanta, Ga____________ $1.250 Baltimore, M d __ 1.250 Birmingham, A la .. _ _ 1. 500 1. 500 Boston, Mass . . . Buffalo, N . Y ________ 1.375 Butte, M on t______ . . . 1. 700 Gas fitters___ _____ 1.313 Charleston, W . Va _ _ 1.250 1.250 Charlotte, N . C ____ . . . 1.500 Chicago, 111.. . . . . Cincinnati, Ohio . . _ 1.400 1.375 Cleveland, O hio. . . . . Columbus, Ohio L _ . . . 1.200 Dallas, T ex_ _ . . . __ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio____ _____ 1.400 1.430 Denver, Colo ____ 1.250 Des Moines, Iow a ... Detroit, M ich . __ . . . _ 1.375 1.100 Duluth, M in n _ _ El Paso, Tex___ _______ 1.250 Erie, Pa __ ___ _ 1.125 Grand Rapids, M ich ___ 1.000 Houston, Tex 1.500 Indianapolis, Ind ____ 1.500 Jacksonville, Fla . . . . 1.250 1.375 Kansas City, M o _ _ Little R ock, Ark 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif 1. 250 1.125 Louisville, K y _ _____ _ Madison, Wis _______ 1.250 Manchester, N . H . . . 1.050 Memphis, Tenn_ ___ 1.375 Milwaukee, W is. _____ 1.325 Minneapolis, M inn.1___ 1.375 Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T en n . _____ 1. 250 40 $1. 250 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.200 30 1.700 40 1.250 40 1.000 44 1.100 44 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.200 44 1. 500 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.300 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1. 500 1.250 1.000 1. 250 1.000 1.125 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.250 1.200 1.200 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 36 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.100 40 Newark, N . J.: $1. 500 Rate A __ 1. 250 Rate B ._ _ ____ __ N ew Haven, C onn. 1.125 N ew Orleans, La_ __ 1. 250 Gas fitters____________ 1. 250 New York, N . Y . : 1 Rate A __ 1.714 Rate B __ _ _______ 1. 500 Rate C -. 1.400 Norfolk, Va _ _ 1.100 Oklahoma C ity, Okla_._ 1.250 Peoria, UL ________ __ 1.375 Philadelphia, Pa.1 ____ 1. 200 Pittsburgh, Pa_________ 1. 500 Portland, M aine L_ - _ 1.150 Portland, Oreg__ 1.375 Providence, R . I 1. 350 Reading, P a____ __ 1.200 Richmond, Va __ _ 1.000 Rochester, N . Y __ 1. 375 R ock Island (111.) dis trict: Rate A _ 1. 200 Rate B _ 1.250 St. Louis, Mo_ _ 1. 438 St. Paul, M in n . __ 1. 200 Salt Lake C ity, Utah___ 1.200 San Antonio, Tex 1. 500 San Francisco, Calif. 1. 250 Scranton, Pa 1. 200 Seattle, W ash __ 1. 500 South Bend, Ind_ _ _ __ 1. 250 Spokane, Wash ______ 1. 400 Springfield, M ass______ 1.300 Toledo, Ohio 1___ __ __ 1. 375 Washington, D . C ____ 1.500 York, Pa_______________ .850 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1. 375 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 58 T able U N IO N 12.— SCALES IN B U IL D IN G TRADES U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 0 cities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 7 , dnd M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 — Continued R O O F E R S , C O M P O S IT IO N Baltimore, M d ... . ___ $1.000 Boston, M a s s.. _______ 1.375 Buffalo, N . Y __________ 1.000 Butte, M on t__ ________ 1.000 Foremen __________ _ 1.200 Chicago, 111.1----------------- 1.500 Forem en. _ . _______ 1. 750 Cincinnati, Ohio_______ 1.150 Cleveland, Ohio________ 1.425 Forem en_____________ 1.550 Colum bus, Ohio_______ 1.000 D avenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) D ayton , O h io _____ _ 1.200 Forem en. .................. 1.300 D enver, C o l o _________ 1.350 D etroit, M ich ______ __ 1.000 Kansas C ity, M o ___ _ 1.125 Forem en___________ 1.250 Los Angeles, C alif._ _ __ .875 .900 M adison, Wis M ilwaukee, W i s . . . ___ 1.000 M inneapolis, M in n ____ 1.100 M oline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) 40 $0,900 40 1.175 40 .850 48 48 40 1.500 40 1. 750 40 1.025 40 1.275 40 1.400 40 .800 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 48 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.100 1.125 .900 1.000 1.125 40 40 35 40 40 40 .850 1.000 40 40 Nashville, T enn______ $0. 600 Newark, N . J___ ___ _ 1.281 N ew York, N . Y .i_____ 1.285 ____ ______ 1.150 Peoria, 111.1 .850 Philadelphia, Pa.1_____ Foremen, ___________ 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa.1___ 1. 250 Foremen_____________ 1.350 Portland, O r e g ,____ . 1.125 Rochester, N . Y _______ 1.100 R ock Island (111.) dis 1. 250 trict— Foremen____ ______ 1.375 St. Louis, M o __________ 1.375 F o r e m e n ,___ _ __ 1.500 St. Paul, M in n _________ 1.100 .900 Salt Lake City, U ta h ,., San Francisco, Calif____ 1.125 Scranton, Pa, _ _____ 1.125 Seattle, Wash __ 1. 250 1.000 South Bend, Ind _____ Springfield, Mass______ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio____ ______ 1.125 Washington, D . C _____ 1.200 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.100 Foremen_____________ 1.350 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 40 $0,600 40 1. 281 40 1.285 40 1.000 44 .850 44 1.000 40 1.250 40 1. 350 40 .900 40 .950 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 30 40 1.125 1.250 1.250 1.375 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.125 1.125 .900 1.200 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 40 40 $1. 578 1. 250 1.150 1.250 1. 500 .900 1.150 1.100 1. 750 1.100 1.125 1.125 1.250 1.100 1. 375 1.125 1. 350 40 $1. 578 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 1. 500 40 .900 40 1.100 40 .950 40 1. 500 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.125 30 1.125 40 1. 000 40 1. 200 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, O h io,, ______ $1. 375 Denver, C o lo ,_ _______ 1.430 1.250 Des Moines, Iowa_____ Duluth, M in n ____ 1.100 E l Paso, T ex____ _ _ 1. 250 Houston, T ex_______ __ 1.500 1.275 Indianapolis, I n d _ ___ 1.375 Kansas City, M o . __ 1.125 Los Angeles, Calif_____ 40 $1.150 35 1.250 40 1.250 45 .900 44 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1.150 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 35 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 R O O F E R S , S L A T E A N D T IL E Atlanta, Ga __ __ _ $1,000 Baltimore, M d „ ________ 1.250 Birmingham , A la, _ 1.125 B oston, M ass, _______ 1.375 Buffalo, N . Y ________ 1. 250 Chicago, Ill_ ________ 1. 500 Cincinnati, Ohio i„_ 1. 250 Cleveland, O h io,,, 1.625 Colum bus, Ohio_ __ _ 1.000 D a yton , O h i o ______ _ 1.375 Denver, C olo___ __ 1. 350 D etroit, M i c h , , ____ _ 1. 250 Kansas C ity, M o , ___ 1.125 Los Angeles, Calif __ .875 M ilwaukee, W is__ __ 1. 350 M inneapolis, M i n n ... 1.100 Nashville, T enn________ 1.000 N ewark, N . J _________ 1.500 40 $1,000 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.175 40 1.000 40 1.500 40 1.075 40 1. 375 40 1.000 40 1.150 35 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 .875 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 N ew York, N . Y .1 Oklahoma City, Okla___ Peoria,111.1 __ ___ __ __ , Philadelphia, Pa__ Pittsburgh, Pa Portland, Maine Providence, R . I__ __ Rochester, N . Y _ __ St. Louis, M o St. Paul, M in n _____ . , San Francisco, C alif,,, Scranton, Pa, _____ Seattle, Wash ____ South Bend, Ind, _ _ Springfield, Mass Toledo, Ohio___________ Youngstown, Ohio___ SHEET M E TA L W ORKERS Atlanta, Ga____________ Baltimore, M d .1------- _ Birmingham, A la___ __ Boston, M ass_______ __ Buffalo, N . Y .1 _________ Butte, M on t___________ Charleston, W . V a___ __ Chicago, 111___ _________ Cincinnati, Ohio L ___ Cleveland, O hio-----------Colum bus, Ohio 1______ Dallas, T ex............ .......... $1,000 1.125 1.125 1.375 1.150 1.500 1.125 1.500 1.225 1.375 1.000 1.375 40 $1,000 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.175 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 40 1.375 40 1.075 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. W A G ES A N D T able HOURS, BY TRADES A N D 59 CITIES 1 2 . — U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 0 cities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 — Continued S H E E T M E T A L W O R K E R S —C o n t in u e d M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Louisville, K y M adison, W is__________ Manchester, N . H _ M em phis, T en n _______ Milwaukee, W is.1______ Minneapolis, M inn .1___ M oline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T en n _______ Newark, N . J .:1 Rate A _______________ Rate B _______________ ____ New Haven, Conn.1 N ew Orleans, L a_______ N ew York, N . Y .1_____ Oklahoma C ity, Okla___ Omaha, N ebr_____ __ Peoria, 111______________ Philadelphia, Pa_______ Pittsburgh, Pa............. . $1,000 1.100 .750 1.125 1.050 1.125 40 $0.850 40 .950 40 .750 .900 40 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 40 .875 40 1.250 1.400 1.125 .900 1.400 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.313 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.400 1.125 .900 1.400 1.000 .875 1.125 1.250 1.250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Portland, M aine_______ $0.900 Portland, Oreg_________ 1.125 Providence, R . I . _ _ 1.150 Rochester, N . Y .1______ 1.180 R ock Island (111.) dis trict___ ____ _______ 1.175 St. Louis, M o ____ _____ 1.500 St. Paul, M in n _____ __ 1.250 Salt Lake C ity, U tah. _ _ 1. 000 San Antonio, T e x . ____ 1.250 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.100 Scranton, Pa___________ 1.125 Seattle, W ash_________ 1.375 South Bend, In d_______ 1.125 Spokane, W ash________ 1.250 Springfield, M ass______ 1.375 1.125 Toledo, Ohio____ . . . __ Washington, D . C _____ 1.500 York, Pa_____________ 1.000 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.375 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour l M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 $0,900 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.050 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.100 .900 1.250 1.100 1.125 1.250 1.000 1.000 1.200 1.000 1.500 .850 1.250 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 $1,000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 40 40 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 1.571 2.100 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.250 1.125 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.300 1.300 1.500 1.250 1.000 1.160 1.200 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 30 44 35 44 40 40 44 40 40 1.063 1.500 1. 250 1.000 1.063 1. 350 1.350 .800 1.000 1.375 1.250 1.500 .800 .950 1.250 40 40 40 40 44 40 30 44 35 44 40 40 44 40 40 S IG N P A IN T E R S Atlanta, Ga___________ Baltimore, M d _________ Birmingham, A la ______ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Butte, M on t________ _ Charleston, W . V a_____ Chicago, 111____________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, O h i o _ _____ Colum bus, O hio_______ Dallas, T e x . __________ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) D ayton, Ohio__________ Denver, C olo __________ Des Moines, Iowa______ Detroit, M i c h _______ _ D uluth, M in n . . . ___ E l Paso, T ex____ ____ Grand Rapids, M ich ___ Houston, T e x .__ ___ _ Indianapolis, Ind Jacksonville, Fla_______ Kansas C ity, M o ______ Los Angeles, Calif.: Inside________________ Outside______________ Louisville, K y _________ Manchester, N . H ____ M emphis, T en n ________ M ilwaukee, W is.: O utside.._ _________ I n s id e ____ _ _____ Minneapolis, M in n ____ M oline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) $1,000 1.125 1.371 1.150 1.250 1.250 1.875 1.250 1.575 1.250 1.250 40 $1,000 40 1.125 35 1.375 44 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.500 44 1.250 40 1.400 40 1.250 44 1.250 40 40 35 44 40 40 40 44 40 40 44 1.500 1.430 1.125 1.350 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.500 1.250 1.000 1.500 40 1.350 35 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 44 40 T o o o " 40 1.250 40 1.125 40 .750 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 1.125 1.350 1.125 .900 1. 250 44 44 40 40 40 1.125 1.350 1.125 .900 1.125 44 44 44 40 40 1.250 1.000 1.500 40 40 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 "1 6 40 40 40 40 Nashville, T enn __.......... $1,000 Newark, N . J __________ 1. 250 N ew Orleans, La----------- 1.250 N ew York, N . Y .: Inside________________ 1.729 Outside---------------------- 2.310 Norfolk, V a_____ ______ 1.000 Oklahoma C ity, Okla___ 1.000 Omaha, Nebr_ ________ 1.000 Pictorial__________ __ 1.250 Peoria, 111_____ ________ 1. 250 Philadelphia, Pa.: Outside. _________ 1.400 Inside________________ 1.100 Pittsburgh, Pa_______ _ 1. 650 Portland, Oreg____ ____ 1.375 Providence, R . I . _ __ _ 1.000 Richmond, V a . _______ 1.300 Rochester, N . Y . . . 1.313 R ock Island (111.) dis trict_________________ 1.250 St. Louis, M o _ 1.650 St. Paul, M in n _________ 1.500 Salt Lake C ity, U ta h ... 1.000 San Antonio, T e x . 1.063 San Francisco, C alif____ 1.350 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.500 South Bend, In d _______ 1.000 Spokane, W ash_____ _ 1.250 Springfield, M ass______ 1.375 Toledo, Ohio___________ 1.375 Washington, D . C ._ _ _ 1. 500 Wichita, Kans__ _____ .800 Worcester, M a s s............. .950 Youngstown, Ohio.......... 1.250 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 60 T able U N IO N SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES 1 2 .— U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 0 c ities , M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 — Continued S T E A M A N D S P R IN K L E R F IT T E R S M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Atlanta, Ga_ _________ $1,250 Baltimore, M d _______ 1.250 Sprinkler fitters __ __ 1.125 Birmingham, A l a . . ___ 1.500 Boston, M a ss.. _ _. 1. 500 Sprinkler fitte r s _____ 1.250 Buffalo, N . Y __________ 1.375 Sprinkler fitters______ 1.250 Butte, M on t___________ 1.700 Charleston, W . V a -------- 1.250 Charlotte, N . C _____ _ 1.250 Chicago, 111_________ . 1.500 Cincinnati, Ohio____ _ 1.400 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.375 Sprinkler fitte rs _____ 1.250 Columbus, Ohio 1 _____ 1.200 Dallas, T ex. __ _______ 1.500 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, O h io -------------- 1.400 Denver, C olo___ _ __ 1.430 Des Moines, Iowa . . . . . 1.250 Detroit, M ic h ... . _ _ _ 1.375 Duluth, M i n n .._ ------- 1.100 El Paso, T ex_____ ___ 1. 250 Erie, P a _____________ __ 1.125 Grand Rapids, M ich ----- 1.000 Houston, Tex _________ 1.500 Indianapolis, In d ___ __ 1.500 Jacksonville, Fla _____ 1.250 Kansas C ity, M o ___ . 1.375 Sprinkler fitters . . . _ 1.250 Little R ock, A rk. _ . 1.000 Los Angeles, Calif—. . . . 1.250 Sprinkler fitters_____ 1.250 Louisville, K y ____ . . . 1.375 Madison, W is _ _ ______ 1.250 Manchester, N . H _____ 1.050 Memphis, T enn________ 1.375 Milwaukee, W is.1 ___ 1.200 Sprinkler fitters . . . 1. 250 ___ 1.375 Minneapolis, M inn .1 Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) 40 $1,250 40 1.100 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 40 1.125 40 1.200 40 1.125 30 1.700 40 1.000 44 1.100 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.375 40 1.125 40 1.200 44 1.500 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 1.200 1.300 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.250 1.000 1.000 1. 500 1.250 1.000 1. 250 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.125 1.125 1.200 1.000 1.250 1.200 1.125 1.200 36 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Nashville, Tenn________ $1. 250 Newark, N . J __________ 1.500 Sprinkler fitte rs _____ 1.250 N ew Haven, Conn____ 1.125 N ew Orleans, La_______ 1.250 Sprinkler fitters______ 1. 260 N ew York, N . Y .1______ 1.540 Norfolk, V a______ _____ 1.100 Oklahoma C ity, Okla___ 1.250 Peoria, 111______________ 1.375 Philadelphia, Pa_______ 1.200 Sprinkler fitters______ 1.250 Pittsburgh, Pa.1.......... 1.500 Sprinkler fitters......... . 1.250 Portland, M a in e 1______ 1.150 Portland, Oreg._............. 1.375 Providence, R . I ........ ___ 1. 375 Sprinkler fitters______ 1.250 Reading, P a ___________ 1.200 Richm ond, V a ___ 1.000 Rochester, N . Y _____ . 1.375 R ock Island (111.) dis trict: Rate A _______________ 1.200 Rate B _______________ 1.250 St. Louis, M o ___ ___ 1.500 Sprinkler fitters __ _ . 1.375 St. Paul, M in n ___. . . 1.200 Salt Lake C ity, U ta h .. . 1.200 San Antonio, T e x ______ 1.500 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.250 Low pressure refrigera tio n .. . . . __ _ __ 1.000 Scranton, Pa.... ______ 1.200 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.500 South Bend, I n d ______ 1.250 Spokane, W ash_________ 1.400 Springfield, M ass___ 1.300 Toledo, O h io 1_________ 1.375 Washington, D . C .1____ 1.500 Sprinkler fitters . . . _ 1.250 Worcester, M ass_______ 1.200 York, Pa_______________ .850 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.375 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour 1 M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 40 $1.100 40 1.500 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1.050 40 40 1.400 44 1.100 40 1.000 40 1.250 35 1.200 40 1.125 40 1.500 40 1.125 40 1.000 30 1. 375 40 1.200 40 1.125 40 1.200 44 1.000 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.200 1.250 1. 438 1.250 1.200 1.100 1.250 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 1.200 1.375 1.125 1.200 1.200 1.200 1.500 1.125 1.200 .850 1.200 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 $1.125 40 .875 44 1.000 44 .800 35 1.125 40 40 44 44 35 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 1.000 1.250 1.125 .800 1.250 1.000 .800 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 40 1.000 1.125 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 STON E C U TTERS Baltimore, M d .: Outside. . __ _ Inside. ___________ Boston, Mass.: Inside _____ _ Outside.......................... Carvers: Inside______________ Outside____________ Buffalo, N . Y ________ Carvers______________ Chicago, 111.. _______ Carvers.. _________ Stone planermen........ . Cincinnati, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio________ $1.000 .750 40 $1.000 40 .750 40 40 1.175 1.350 40 40 1.175 1.350 40 40 1.440 1.610 1. 250 1.500 1.200 1.400 .940 1. 500 1 1.250 7 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.440 1.610 1.200 1.450 1.200 1.400 .940 1.375 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Columbus, Ohio____ __ $1.250 Stone planermen_____ 1.250 Dallas, T ex __ _ _ _ _ _ 1.125 Stone planermen_____ .900 Denver, C olo__________ 1.250 Detroit, M ich .: Shop...... ........................ 1.125 Building_____________ 1. 250 Carvers______________ 1. 375 St.nnp. pi an firmfin .900 Erie, Pa________________ 1.250 Houston, T e x __________ 1.125 Stone planermen_____ .900 Kansas C ity, M o .: Shop_____ ___________ 1.125 Building____ ________ 1.250 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 1 $1.45 per hour if cutting old stone; $1,375 per hour when working for outside contractors or on stone partly 7 finished outside the district. wages T able and h ours, by trades and 61 c it ie s 12.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M ay 15, 1987, and M ay 15, 1986— Continued S T O N E C U T T E R S —C o n t in u e d Kansas C ity, M o —Con. Stone planermen Carvers___ __ _ _ Little B ock, A r k _ __ _ Mem phis, T enn______ Milwaukee, W is.: I n s id e __________ ____ Outside. Stone planermen Newark, N . J_ __ __ _ Stone planermen N ew Haven, Conn. N ew Y ork, N . Y .: M achine____ ____ _. Planermen___________ Peoria, 111.: Outside______________ Inside _ _ _ Stone planermen. _ _ Philadelphia, P a____ _ Carvers. Stone planermen_____ 40 $0,800 40 1.375 44 1.000 40 40 40 44 1.000 1.250 . 750 1.500 1.375 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 40 40 1.500 1. 375 40 40 1.500 1.375 40 40 1.500 1.375 40 40 1.250 1. 000 .900 1. 250 1. 500 .800 40 40 40 40 35 40 1.250 40 1. 250 1. 500 .800 40 35 40 $0.800 1.500 1.000 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa.1____ __ $1.250 Carvers_______ ______ 1.625 Beading, P a ___ ________ 1.125 Bochester, N . Y .1___ __ 1.000 St. Louis, M o . .. . . . . . . 1.000 Carvers______ ._ __ _ 1.250 San Francisco, Calif____ .900 Scranton, Pa____ _____ 1.500 Carvers. __________ . 1. 750 1.250 Stone planermen____ Springfield, M ass_ __ _ 1. 250 S h o p ___ __ __________ 1.000 Toledo, Ohio______ __ . 1. 250 Carvers. _______ _____ 1.500 Washington, D . C .: Outside.. . __________ 1. 500 Inside . . . ._ ____ 1.125 M a c h in e .__ . . . ____ .975 1.750 Carvers____ _______ Wichita, Kans___ . . . . 1.000 .800 Machine______ Hours per week Bates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Bates of wages per hour Hours per week Kates of wages per hour City Bates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 M ay 15,1937 M ay 15, 1936 40 $1.250 40 1. 625 40 1.125 40 1.000 40 1. 000 40 1.250 40 40 40 1. 500 40 1.125 40 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 1.250 1.000 .850 1. 375 1.000 .800 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 $1. 500 40 1.200 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 STONE MASONS Atlanta, Ga________ Baltimore, M d ____ Birmingham, A la ... Boston, M ass______ Buffalo, N . Y ______ Butte, M on t_______ Charleston, W . Va_ Chicago, 111.1______ Cincinnati, Ohio___ Cleveland, Ohio___ Columbus, O hio___ Dallas, T e x ________ D ayton , Ohio______ Denver, C olo______ Des Moines, Iowa__ Detroit, M ich _____ D uluth, M in n _____ El Paso, T ex______ Erie, Pa___________ Houston, T e x ______ Indianapolis, Ind__. Jacksonville, Fla___ Kansas C ity, M o ... Little B ock, Ark___ Los Angeles, Calif— Louisville, K y ____ Madison, W is_____ Manchester, N . H -. M em phis, T enn___ Milwaukee, W is. _. Minneapolis, Minn. Nashville, Tenn___ $1. 250 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.500 1. 625 1.500 1. 500 1.500 1.625 1. 375 1.500 1. 650 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.000 1.000 1.500 1.500 1.600 1. 000 1. 275 1. 250 1. 250 1. 500 1.300 1. 500 1.625 1.450 1.375 1.375 40 $1.125 40 1.100 40 1. 250 40 1.300 40 1.250 30 1.625 40 1. 333 40 1.500 40 1.375 40 1.375 40 1. 300 40 1.125 35 1.300 35 1. 250 40 1.500 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1. 000 40 1.313 40 1. 250 40 1. 425 44 1. 000 40 1.125 40 1.125 40 1. 000 40 1. 250 40 1. 000 40 1. 300 40 1. 375 40 1. 000 40 1.250 40 1. 250 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 Newark, N . J ____ _____ $1,500 New Haven, Conn.1 ___ 1.200 New Orleans, La.1______ 1.000 New York, N . Y . : 1 1.500 Bate A _______ _____ Bate B _ „ ...................... 1. 563 Norfolk, Va_____ ______ 1.250 Oklahoma C ity, Okla___ 1. 500 Peoria, 111---------------------- 1. 625 Philadelphia, P a _____ 1.500 Bubble m asons.. . . . 1.250 Pittsburgh, Pa.1 ______ _ 1.400 Portland, M aine___ . 1.250 Providence, B . I _______ 1. 250 Beading, P a_____ ___ 1. 375 Kichmond, V a _________ 1.500 Bochester, N . Y _____ _ 1. 375 St. Louis, M o ________ . 1.250 St. Paul, M in n .1_______ 1.250 San Antonio, T e x ______ 1. 500 San Francisco, Calif.1__ 1.500 Scranton, P a _________ 1.500 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.600 South Bend, Ind _____ 1. 500 Spokane, W ash________ 1.500 Springfield, M ass______ 1.625 Toledo, Ohio_________ _ 1.625 Washington, D . C _____ 1.750 Worcester, M ass___ _ 1.500 York, Pa_________ __ . .800 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.500 1.500 1.563 1. 250 1. 250 1.375 1.375 1.000 1.400 1.250 1.250 1.200 1.250 1.250 1. 250 1. 100 1.250 1.500 1.500 1.500 1.250 1. 250 1.375 1.250 1. 500 1. 300 1. 000 1.250 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 62 T able U N IO N 12.— SCALES I N B U IL D IN G TRADES U n io n scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 7 0 c ities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 8 6 — Continued S T R U C T U R A L IR O N W O R K E R S 1 8 M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 C ity 1 to S -8 o < a 3 _© ft "o 3 (A Atlanta, Ga __ __ _ _ $1. 250 Rodm en- _______ __ 1. 000 Baltimore, M d .1 ____ 1. 375 R odm en___ _ _ 1. 100 Birmingham, A la ______ 1. 250 R od m en .. 1_______ _ 1.000 Boston, Mass_______ __ 1. 500 Buffalo, N . Y ___ . 1. 500 Butte, M on t . 1. 500 Charleston, W . V a_____ 1.250 Chicago, 111.1____ ____ 1. 500 Cincinnati, Ohio______ 1.400 R od m en l_____ . . . __ 1. 250 Cleveland, O h i o i _ _ ___ 1. 563 Colum bus, O hio_____ _ 1.375 R od m en __________ _ 1.125 Dallas, T ex ........ ............ 1. 250 R odm en_________ ._ 1.000 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Dayton, O h i o _________ 1.500 R odm en_____ __ 1.350 1.430 Denver, C olo__ __ Des M oines, Iowa 1____ 1.250 Detroit, M ich ______ __ 1. 500 R odm en_______ 1. 250 1. 250 Erie, Pa______. . . 1.125 R od m en . _ ____ H ouston, T e x ____ __ _. 1.250 1.000 R odm en. Indianapolis, Ind____ _ 1. 550 R odm en_ _ _ _ _ 1. 300 Kansas C ity, M o 1. 375 R odm en _ 1. 200 1.375 Finishers___ _ 1. 375 Los Angeles, Calif R odm en__________ __ 1.250 Finishers 1. 250 1. 250 Louisville, K y R odm en__________ __ 1. 100 Madison, Wis__ 1. 250 R odm en_____ ___ _ 1.150 1. 250 Manchester, N . H 1. 000 M em phis, Tenn M ilwaukee, W is_______ 1. 375 Rodmen 1. 250 1. 500 Minneapolis, M i n n _ _ R odm en_____ __ __ __ 1.250 M oline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, Tenn 1.000 R odm en______ _____ 1.000 M © * © ft 1 M M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 M © © s be City m © b £ c3 . j f 1 © ©-ft w& © ft 0 3 P ? u 3 H 0 3 P h 40 $1,250 .900 40 40 1.375 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 .750 40 1.200 40 1.125 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.250 40 1.100 40 1.375 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.150 1.000 1.250 1.250 1.250 1.000 1.125 .900 1.000 1.000 1.425 1.175 1. 375 1.125 1.250 1. 125 1.125 1.125 1.100 .900 1.050 1.050 1.125 1.000 1.175 1.050 1. 250 1.250 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 1.000 40 19 0 4 Newark, N . J.1 _____ __ $1. 750 N ew Haven, Conn_____ 1. 650 N ew Orleans, L a ______ 1. 250 R odm en__ __________ 1. 000 N ew Y ork, N . Y .1_____ 1. 650 R odm en_ _______ __ 1.400 _ F in is h e r s ...___ __ 1.400 Norfolk, V a ___________ 1. 250 R odm en______ ______ .750 Oklahoma C ity, O k la ... 1.250 Omaha, N ebr.1 _ _ _ __ 1.125 . R odm en_ __ ______ 1.000 _ Peoria, 111______ ______ 1. 375 Philadelphia, P a_______ 1. 650 R odm en_____________ 1.000 Pittsburgh, Pa.1 _______ 1.375 Portland, O r e g .__ ____ 1. 375 R odm en__ ___________ 1.125 Providence, R . I ______ 1.250 Reading, P a ------------------ 1.500 R o d m e n ... ________ 1.125 Richm ond, V a __ __ . . . 1. 250 Rodmen _______ 1.000 Rochester, N . Y _______ 1. 350 R ock Island (111.) dis trict_________ ____ ___ 1.300 St. Louis, M o __________ 1. 750 St. Paul, M inn_______ . 1. 500 R odm en_____ . . . . 1.250 Salt Lake C ity, U ta h .._ 1. 250 Rodmen _______ __ 1.125 San Antonio, T e x , . ___ 1. 250 R odm en__________ _ 1.000 San Francisco, Calif____ 1. 500 Rodmen ________ 1. 250 Scranton, P a . . _____ _ 1. 500 Rodmen __________ 1.375 Seattle, W a s h . . . ______ 1.500 1.350 Finishers.. . ________ R o d m e n ________ ._ 1.250 South Bend, Ind. . . . _ 1.500 R odm en________ ____ 1.250 Spokane, W ash_ . _ 1.500 1. 500 Finishers___________ R odm en. _ _____ __ 1. 300 Springfield, M ass______ 1.125 Toledo, Ohio 1_ _______ 1.375 R odm en____ _____ __ 1.000 Washington, D . C -1 ___ 2.000 R odm en__ ________ 1.375 Worcester, M ass_______ 1.375 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 1.500 M © © * © ft E § H K ) © b fi Ss *■8 c3 « M © © ft tn s o M 40 $1. 750 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.650 40 1. 400 40 1.400 40 1. 250 40 . 750 44 1.000 40 .900 .900 40 40 1. 250 40 1. 375 40 .850 40 1. 375 40 1. 250 40 1.125 40 1.250 40 1.500 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 30 40 40 35 35 35 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 1.000 1.470 1.250 1. 250 1.125 1.125 1.000 1.000 1. 375 1.125 1.125 1.000 1.375 1. 250 1.125 1.250 1.000 1.375 1.250 1.125 1.125 1.250 1.000 1. 750 1. 250 1.250 1.250 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 30 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 $1,500 40 1.000 40 1.375 40 1.000 40 1.250 24 40 40 40 40 40 40 T IL E L A Y E R S Atlanta, Ga.: Rate A ............... Rate B _________ Baltimore, M d -----Birmingham, Ala_. Boston, M ass_____ Buffalo, N . Y _____ Butte, M on t______ Charleston, W . Va. $1. 250 1.000 1. 250 1. 250 1.500 1.250 1.625 1.250 40 $1,000 40 40 1.250 40 1.250 40 1.375 40 1.188 30 1.625 40 1.333 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 Chicago, 111____________ $1. 625 Cincinnati, Ohio_______ 1. 250 Cleveland, Ohio_______ 1.500 Columbus, O hio_______ 1.250 Dallas, T ex____________ 1.250 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio__________ 1.500 1.000 i See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15, 1937, which have come to the attention o f the Bureau. 18 In cities where different kinds of work are not listed separately, it can be assumed that the same rate prevails for erectors, rodmen, and finishers. 1 30-hour week optional with employer. 9 W AGES T able AND H OU RS, BY TRADES AND 63 C IT IE S 12.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities , M a y 15, 1937, and M a y 15, 1936 — Continued T IL E L A Y E R S -C o n t i n u e d Denver, C olo__________ Des Moines, Iowa______ Detroit, M ich .1________ Duluth, M in n _________ El Paso, T ex----------------Erie, Pa-----------------------Grand Rapids, M ich ___ Houston, T e x __________ Indianapolis, In d ______ Jacksonville, Fla_______ Kansas C ity, M o ______ Little R ock, A rk----------Los Angeles, Calif______ Louisville, K y _________ M adison, W is__________ M em phis, T enn________ Milwaukee, W is_______ Minneapolis, M in n ____ Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T en n -----------Newark, N . J.1_________ N ew Haven, Conn.1____ New Orleans, La.1_____ N ew York, N . Y _______ Oklahoma City, Okla___ $1. 500 1.250 1.375 1.250 1.250 1. 250 1. 250 1.250 1.375 1.250 1. 250 1.250 1.175 1.250 1. 250 1. 250 1.250 1.325 1.250 1.438 1.200 1.000 1.438 1.250 35 $1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1. 250 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.200 44 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.000 40 1.250 40 1.000 40 1.100 40 1.250 40 1.200 35 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.438 1.200 1.000 1.438 1.000 Omaha, N e b r.— _ ___ $1. 250 Peoria, 111____ ________ 1.500 Philadelphia, Pa.1 ___ __ 1.275 Pittsburgh, P a-------------- 1. 375 Portland, M aine___ __ 1. 250 Portland, Oreg. _______ 1.250 Providence, R . I . _ __ _ 1. 250 Reading, Pa _________ 1.375 Rochester, N . Y _______ 1.320 R ock Island (111.) dis trict--. ____ _ _ ___ . 1.250 St. Louis, M o ______ __ 1.250 St. Paul, M in n _________ 1.325 Salt Lake C ity, U tah— 1.000 San Antonio, T ex.1_____ 1.250 San Francisco, Calif____ 1.250 Scranton, P a ... _______ 1.250 Seattle, W ash__________ 1.350 South Bend, Ind. - _ __. 1. 500 Spokane, W ash_____ __ 1. 500 Springfield, M a s s,. . .__ 1.625 Toledo, Ohio----------------- 1.500 Washingtion, D . C _____ 1.300 Worcester, M a ss.. ____ 1. 500 Youngstown, O h io ___ 1.250 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 $1,000 40 1.000 40 1.125 40 1. 250 40 1. 250 40 1.000 40 40 1.250 40 1.200 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.000 1.250 1.200 1.000 1.125 1. 250 1.250 1. 250 1.000 1.000 1.375 1. 250 1.300 1. 300 1.000 40 40 B U IL D IN G L A B O R E R S Atlanta, Ga.: Rate A _______________ $0,500 .600 Rate B _______________ Baltimore, M d __ _ .450 Birmingham, A la.: .500 Rate A _______ _____ R a t e B . _______ _ _ .500 Rate C ____________ __ .400 Boston, Mass.: .850 Rate A _______________ .850 Rate B _______________ .650 Buffalo, N . Y __________ .750 Mortar mixers_______ Butte, M on t___________ 20.794 Jackhammermen ____ .900 Concrete laborers____ 1.333 .950 Chicago, 111.1___________ Caisson diggers_______ 1.250 Windlass or niggerhead_______________ 1.100 .700 Building wreckers. .600 Cincinnati, O h i o . . ____ .875 Cleveland, O h io 1___ __ .800 Wreckers____________ .700 Wreckers’ helpers____ Columbus, O h io ._______ .500 Dallas, Tex __ __ __ .400 .500 Skilled . _ _ Denver, C o l o ________ _ .714 Jackhammermen (in .800 city) __ __________ Jackhammermen (out .800 of city) _ _ _ .725 Des Moines, Iowa______ .775 Mortar mixers______ .650 Detroit. M ich____ _____ 40 $0,400 40 .600 40 .450 40 40 40 40 40 40 .550 .400 .400 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 48 40 30 40 40 .775 .700 40 40 .720 40 1.125 .950 1.250 30 40 40 1.100 .700 .500 .820 .750 .650 .500 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .625 35 .675 .775 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 48 48 35 35 40 40 40 40 Davenport, Iowa. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) E l Paso, T e x _ _________ $0. 400 Indianapolis, Ind ______ .500 Jacksonville, Fla_______ .400 Kansas C ity, M o ______ .800 Jackhammermen_____ .850 Concrete workers, e tc. . 850 Powder and nozzle m en____ _______ 1. 000 Los Angeles, Calif-— ___ .625 Jackhammermen— __ .750 Louisville, Ky___ _____ .500 Manchester, N . H _____ .625 M emphis, T en n .......... _ .625 Milwaukee, W is_______ .850 Caisson laborers______ 1.500 Sand blasters_________ 1. 250 Minneapolis, M in n ____ .850 Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T enn_____ __ .400 Newark, N . J_ __ _ .875 N ew Haven, C onn_____ .650 N ew Orleans, La_______ .400 Airgun laborers______ .500 N ew York, N . Y .: Rate A 21_____ ______ .938 Rate B ____ ________ .900 Barmen—Rate A _____ 1. 250 Barmens’ helpers— Rate A _____________ 1.150 Barmen—Rate B _____ 1.000 Barmens’ helpers— Rate B _____________ .900 40 48 44 $0. 400 40 .700 40 .800 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .625 .750 .400 .500 .550 .700 1.200 44 44 40 40 40 40 40 .750 40 40 40 40 44 44 .875 .550 .400 40 40 40 40 40 40 .938 .900 1.000 40 40 40 40 40 .900 40 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937,which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 2 $6.35 for 6 hours when working with crafts having a 6-hour day. 0 2 Includes concrete and cement workers, 1 64 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 1 2 .— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1 9 3 6 — Continued B U IL D IN G L A B O R E R S —C o n t in u e d 44 .600 40 .700 1.000 .600 .500 .750 40 40 40 40 40 .500 .550 40 40 .500 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 R ock Island (111.)—Con. Mortar mixers (hand). $0,900 Mortar mixers (ma chine)_______ _____ 1.000 .875 St. Louis, M o _________ .613 Wreckers___________ .750 St. Paul, M inn________ Salt Lake C ity, U ta h .. .650 Jackhammermen____ .750 .900 Brick wheelers______ .500 San Antonio, T ex_____ San Francisco, Calif___ .750 .650 Scranton, Pa.1_________ .900 Seattle, W ash_________ South Bend, In d ______ .600 .800 Spokane, W ash_______ Springfield, M ass_____ 1. 000 Toledo, Ohio__________ .750 Mortar mixers______ .850 Washington, D . C ____ .650 Worcester, M ass______ .650 Staging builders_____ 1.000 Hours per week 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 0.825 .788 .563 .550 .500 .750 .800 .500 .688 .500 .700 .550 .625 .800 .500 .550 .600 1.000 40 £ § £ § £ £ ££ £ £ $ £ £ £ 40 40 44 40 40 City Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour 40 $0.825 40 .700 44 .400 40 .750 44 .500 M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 I §§§! New York, N. Y .—Con. Excavating: Building construc tion______________ $0.950 H eavy construction. .950 Oklahoma C ity, O k la ... .500 .825 Peoria, 111_____________ .500 Philadelphia, Pa_______ Scaffold builders and .600 mortar mixers______ Compressed air and foundation workers... . 650 .700 Pittsburgh, Pa.1________ Caisson laborers______ 1.000 .600 Portland, M a in e.______ .500 U n sk illed ___________ Portland, O reg ... . . . . .750 .500 Providence, R . I _______ .500 Reading, P a ------- ---------.625 Rochester, N . Y .1______ R ock Island (111.) dis .600 trict________________ Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour M a y 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 35 48 40 .750 30 40 $0,650 40. 40 .750 30 .750 40 40 40 40 40 £§! R ock Island (111.) dis trict__________________ $0. 750 Salt Lake C ity, U tah_ _ .650 Scranton, P a __________ .750 Seattle, W ash__________ .900 Toledo, Ohio: .900 R o lle r s ._____ _____ Kettlemen. ________ .800 Washington, D . C _____ .750 Youngstown, Ohio . . . _ .850 Kettlem en___________ .900 | 40 40 40 .700 .750 .800 ggg; 40 $0.800 40 .600 40 .700 [ Boston, Mass ___ __ $0.900 .600 Buffalo, N . Y __________ Kettlemen. _ _________ .850 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) .800 Denver, Colo ___ ___ . 750 Madison, Wis Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) .813 Portland, Oreg-------------- £ I C O M P O S IT IO N R O O F E R S 9 H E L P E R S $0.805 .910 .910 .910 .820 1.068 .880 1.070 .875 .770 1. 050 1. 060 1.000 .830 1.000 .900 .930 1.008 .930 .840 .890 .770 40 $0.805 40 .880 44 .880 40 .805 44 40 .930 .850 40 40 1.070 44 40 .770 40 1.050 40 .910 40 .980 40 .830 40 .840 44 .760 40 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 35 40 44 40 44 40 35 40 44 40 44 .930 .860 .930 .840 .875 .700 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 Erie, Pa________________ $0,755 Grand Rapids, M ich ,1. . . .820 Houston, T ex__________ 1.000 Maintenance____ . __ .900 Indianapolis, Ind_______ .970 Jacksonville, Fla. _ ____ .735 Maintenance___ ___ .660 .975 Kansas C ity, M o _______ Little R ock, A rk___ . . . .788 Maintenance_________ .707 Los Angeles, Calif___ _ .875 Louisville, K y _ ............. .850 Memphis, T enn________ .860 Milwaukee, W is. . . ___ .860 Minneapolis, M in n ____ .880 Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Nashville, T enn________ .840 Maintenance_______ _ .756 N ew Haven, Conn.1____ .910 N ew Orleans, L a .1_____ .780 N ew York, N . Y _______ 1.031 Norfolk, V a____________ .740 Oklahoma City, Okla. _. .840 Omaha, N ebr...... ............ .770 40 $0,720 44 .820 40 .890 44 .810 40 .880 44 .735 44 .660 40 .955 44 .788 44 .707 44 .788 44 .780 40 .840 .800 40 44 .830 £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ £ Atlanta, G a .1 ___________ Baltimore, M d _________ Maintenance_________ Birmingham, A la ______ Maintenance_________ Boston, M ass__________ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Butte, M on t___________ Maintenance_________ Charleston, W . Va.i-----Chicago, 111.1___________ Cincinnati, Ohio_______ Cleveland, Ohio 1______ Columbus, Ohio 1______ Dallas, T e x ------------------Maintenance_________ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, Ohio 1-------------Denver, C olo---------------Des Moines, Iow a______ Maintenance_________ Detroit, M ich__________ Duluth, M in n _________ 40 40 40 40 40 44 44 44 ,££££§£ | E LEV A TO R CON STRU CTORS9 H ELPERS .780 .710 .910 .780 1. 031 .740 .700 .770 1See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau, 65 WAGES AND HOURS, BY TRADES AND CITIES T a b l e 12.— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities , M a y 15, 1 98 7 , and M a y 15, 1986 — Continued E L E V A T O R C O N S T R U C T O R S ’ H E L P E R S —C o n t in u e d Peoria, 111---------------------- $0,900 .950 ______ Philadelphia, Pa.1 .855 Maintenance_________ Pittsburgh, Pa.1________ 1.040 .785 Portland, M aine---------.980 Portland, Oreg_________ .882 Maintenance .850 Providence, R . I - — __ . Reading, P a ------------------ .860 Richmond, V a.1- ........... .760 .680 Maintenance___ .855 Rochester, N . Y .1______ R ock Island (111.) dis .945 trict_______________ St. Louis, Mo_ _______ 1.110 .880 St. Paul, M inn___ ___ San Antonio, Tex_ _ _- - .875 .788 Maintenance_________ 40 $0.900 40 .950 40 .855 40 1.040 44 .785 .850 40 .760 40 40 .850 44 .860 .760 44 44 .680 40 .855 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 44 44 40 40 40 44 40 44 44 40 44 40 44 .805 1.040 .830 .735 .661 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour C ity Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 M a y 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 $0.980 .892 .890 1.078 .970 .770 .690 .910 .819 .860 1.020 1.160 .760 .910 .900 40 $0.910 40 .810 44 .890 30 .998 30 .898 40 .700 40 .650 .785 40 44 .710 40 .860 40 .860 40 1.160 44 .760 40 .910 40 .880 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 44 40 40 Minneapolis, M in n __ _ $1.150 Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Newark, N. J _ __ __ .875 New Haven, C o n n __ _ .650 New Orleans, La_______ .600 New York, N . Y .1_____ .900 Oklahoma C ity, Okla— .700 .825 Peoria, 111___ ______ — Philadelphia, Pa_______ .600 Pittsburgh, Pa.1 _ __ .900 Portland, Maine .700 Portland, Oreg_________ 1.125 Providence, R . I . 600 Reading, Pa _________ .850 Rock Island (111.) dis trict: Rate A - __ .825 Rate B ___________ .900 St. Louis, M o .: Bricklayers___ - _ 1.000 Stone masons. _ __ _ 1.000 Street and sewer work .800 St. Paul, Minn _ 1.150 Salt Lake C ity, U tah__ 1.000 San Antonio, Tex.: Rate A ______ __ .600 Rate B _ ______ .450 1.125 San Francisco, Calif___ .650 Scranton, Pa.1_________ 1.150 Seattle, W a s h ___ ___ South Bend, Ind _____ .750 1.100 Spokane, W ash_______ Springfield, Mass ___ 1.000 Toledo, Ohio___________ .800 Washington, D . C .650 Worcester, Mass _____ .900 30 $0,900 30 40 40 40 40 44 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 .875 .550 .600 .900 .700 .750 .500 .900 .700 .900 40 40 40 40 44 40 40 40 40 40 .850 40 40 40 .600 .825 40 40 40 40 48 35 40 .875 1.000 40 40 .850 .900 40 40 .600 40 1.000 .600 1.000 .700 .800 .800 .700 .550 .825 30 40 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 San Francisco, Calif— -Maintenance_________ Scranton, Pa___________ Seattle, W ash__________ Maintenance_________ South Bend, In d —_ Maintenance_________ Spokane, W ash _ _ ______ Maintenance- - ___ -Springfield, Mass______ Toledo, Ohio___________ Washington, D . C - _ . _Wichita, K an s.- _____ Worcester, Mass _. - Youngstown, Ohio_____ H O D C A R R IE R S Atlanta, Ga_- __ _____ Baltimore, M d — -------Birmingham, A la.: Rate A ______ _ _ _ __ Rate B _ ____ __ _ Rate C __ __ _ Boston, Mass.: Rate A ______ - ___ Rate B ____ ___ Buffalo, N . Y __________ Butte, M on t-- _____ Chicago, 111.1 _____ Stone derrickmen and riggers - Cincinnati, Ohio__ _ Cleveland, O hio.-Columbus, Ohio. _ _ - Dallas, T ex _____ _____ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Dayton, O h io _____ ___ _ Denver, C olo_ Des Moines, Iowa_ _ __ Detroit, M ich _ _ _ ___ _ Duluth, M in n ______ Houston, Tex _ _____ Indianapolis, In d Jacksonville, F l a ______ Kansas C ity, M o.: Bricklayers _ ______ Stone m a s o n s _______ Los Angeles, Calif— Louisville, K y _____ Madison, W is___ ______ Manchester, N . H _____ Memphis, Tenn Milwaukee, W is___ ___ $0,500 .625 40 $0.500 .625 40 40 40 .600 .600 .500 40 40 40 .650 .600 40 40 .850 .850 .700 1.333 .950 40 40 40 30 40 .775 .700 40 40 1.125 .950 30 40 1.063 .850 .875 .800 .625 40 40 40 40 48 1.063 .700 .820 .800 40 40 40 40 2 1.000 2 35 1.000 35 .900 40 .650 40 1.000 40 .625 40 .950 40 44 .400 .800 .900 .900 35 35 40 .800 .625 .800 .400 40 40 40 40 .800 40 .750 .625 .750 .700 40 40 40 40 .800 40 .900 .850 .750 .750 .900 .800 .625 .950 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 35 40 40 40 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15,1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. Full time allowed, 40 hours. 2 2 66 T able U N IO N SCALES IN BUILDING TRADES 12.— Union scales of wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 1 5 y 1 9 8 7 , and M a y 1 5 , 1936 — Continued M A R BLE SETTE R S’ H ELPERS Baltimore, M d ____ Boston, Mass ____ __ Buffalo, N . Y i _______ Chicago, 111 _________ Cincinnati, O h i o . _____ Cleveland, Ohio ___ P o lish e r s.____ ______ Columbus, O h i o . . . ___ Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Denver, C o l o _ _______ _ Detroit, M ich ______ __ Indianapolis, In d __ Kansas C ity, M o Los Angeles, Calif . .. Milwaukee, W is_______ Moline, 111. (See Rock Island (HI.) district.) $0.750 .950 .625 1.025 . 650 1.000 1.100 .650 .900 .850 .650 .850 .672 .950 40 $0.650 40 .800 40 . 625 40 1.025 40 .813 40 40 1.100 40 .700 35 40 40 40 40 40 .750 .700 .600 .750 .625 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 New Haven, C o n n ____ $0.875 N ew York, N . Y _____ 1.156 Philadelphia, Pa_______ .870 Pittsburgh, P a _ __ - __ .900 Portland, Oreg___ __ __ .750 Providence, R . I _____ __ .925 Reading, P a ______ ____ .850 R ock Island (111.) dis .650 trict_____________ ____ St. Louis, M o ___ _ .800 .800 Salt Lake C ity, U tah___ San Antonio, Tex _____ .500 Scranton, Pa.1 ___ ___ .800 South Bend, I n d ____ _ .750 Spokane, W ash____ __ . .900 .900 Springfield, Mass _ _ T oledo, Ohio___________ .800 W ashington, D . C ___ __ .938 .725 Youngstown, Ohio_____ 40 $0.750 40 1.156 40 .775 40 .813 40 .750 40 .925 40 .850 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour City Hours per week M a y 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week C ity Rates of wages per hour M ay 15,1937 M ay 15,1936 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .750 .800 .400 .800 .700 40 40 40 40 40 . 750 .600 .750 .500 40 40 40 40 $.900 .600 40 $0. 800 40 .600 40 40 1. 517 1.000 1.063 .925 1.075 .900 .800 1.125 .800 .850 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1. 333 1.000 1.063 .850 .950 .900 .800 .900 30 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .850 40 .900 1.153 1.150 1. 250 .600 1. 250 .650 1.150 1.167 1.000 .900 1.000 .900 40 40 35 30 40 30 40 30 30 40 40 40 40 .825 1.063 .850 1.100 .600 1.100 .600 1.000 1.000 .800 .800 .875 .825 40 40 40 30 40 30 40 30 30 40 40 30 40 N ew Orleans, La _____ $0. 600 Pittsburgh, Pa______ __ .875 Portland, Oreg _ _ __ . 750 Reading, Pa___ _____ __ .750 Rochester, N . Y _______ .850 St. Louis, M o _____ _ _ 1.000 Scranton, Pa. C _____ _ .650 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 $. 875 . 750 .750 . 650 .875 .500 40 40 40 40 40 40 PLASTERERS’ LABO RERS $0.600 Atlanta, Ga_ ________ .625 Baltimore, M d _______ Birmingham, A la ______ .500 Boston, Mass 1. 100 Buffalo, N . Y __________ . 700 1. 333 Butte, M ont Chicago, 111.1 _________ 1.013 Cincinnati, O h io._ __ _ .850 Cleveland, Ohio 1 . 875 Columbus, Ohio____ __ .800 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) ____ 1.000 Denver, C olo___ 1.000 Detroit, Mich_ Diilnth, M inn 1. 000 . 950 Indianapolis, Ind .400 Jacksonville, F l a _ ___ .900 Kansas C ity, M o _____ Los Angeles, C a lif_____ 1.150 .750 Louisville, K y _ _____ .900 M adison, W is _ __ ___ M emphis, T enn___ _ _ .625 .900 Milwaukee, W is__ 1.150 Minneapolis, M inn M oline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) .500 Nashville, Tenn— ___ 40 $0. 600 40 . 625 40 30 .950 40 30 1.125 40 1.013 40 .700 40 .820 40 .800 40 40 30 30 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 44 40 30 40 40 40 40 30 .900 .800 .800 .800 35 44 40 40 .800 1.100 .700 .750 .500 .800 .900 40 30 40 40 40 40 30 40 .500 N ew Haven, C o n n __ _ N ew Orleans, La_______ N ew Y ork, N . Y . : 1 Rate A ~ _ ___ _______ Rate B_ _______ _ Rate C __ __________ Peoria, 111_________ Philadelphia, P a . ______ Pittsburgh, Pa.1 _____ -Portland, M aine. _____ Portland, Oreg _ _____ Providence, R . I_ . __ Reading, P a __________ R ock Island (111.) district__ ___ ___ __ _ St. Louis, M o . St. Paul, M inn _____ __ Salt Lake C ity, U ta h __ San Antonio, T ex _ ___ San Francisco, C a lif___ Scranton, Pa.1 _________ Seattle, W ash __________ Spokane, Wash ___ __ Springfield, M ass___ __ Toledo, Ohio___ Washington, D . C _____ Worcester, M a s s.__ __ 40 PLUM BERS’ LABORERS Birmingham, Ala . __ $0. 500 Buffalo, N . Y __________ .600 Cleveland, O h io 1 .975 1.000 Denver, C olo___ _____ .850 Kansas C ity, M o . ____ Milwaukee, W is.: 1.000 Rate A _ ___ .900 Rate B_______ _______ 40 40 $0,500 40 .920 35 .714 .750 40 40 40 35 40 .800 .800 40 40 40 40 1 See appendix, p. 68, for a listing of rates effective after M a y 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. 67 WAGES AND HOURS, BY TRADES AND CITIES T able 1 2 .— Union scales o f wages and hours in the building trades in 70 cities, M a y 15, 1 937, and M a y 15, 1936 — Continued S T E A M A N D S P R IN K L E R F IT T E R S ’ H E L P E R S Baltimore, M d -------------- $0. 875 S p r i n k l e r fitters’ helpers_____________ .725 Boston, Mass, (sprin kler fitters on ly )______ .750 Buffalo, N . Y . (sprin kler fitters only)______ .725 Charleston, W . V a _____ .750 Chicago, 111. (sprinkler fitters on ly )__________ 1.000 Cleveland, Ohio (sprin kler fitters on ly)_____ .750 Dallas, T e x ____________ .750 Davenport, Iowa. (See B ock Island (111.) district.) D ayton, Ohio__________ .600 Detroit, M ich---------------- .750 Erie, Pa________________ .600 H ouston, T e x __________ .750 Kansas C it y , M o. (sprinkler fitters only) - .781 Los Angeles, Calif, (sprinkler fitters only) _ .750 Milwaukee, W is_______ .700 S p r i n k l e r fitters’ helpers_____________ .750 Minneapolis, M inn .1___ .750 M oline, 111. (See Rock Island (111.) district.) Newark, N . J __________ 1.000 S p r i n k l e r fitters’ .750 helpers____ ________ 40 $0.625 40 40 .725 40 40 .725 40 40 40 .725 .500 40 40 40 1.000 40 40 44 .725 .750 40 44 40 40 40 40 .500 .750 .500 .750 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .725 .700 40 35 40 40 .725 .625 40 40 40 1.000 40 40 .725 40 New Haven, Conn-------- $0,600 N ew Orleans, La----------.600 S p r i n k l e r fitters’ helpers...... .........__ __ .600 N ew York, N . Y .1_____ 1.135 Oklahoma C ity, Okla__. .700 Philadelphia, P a_______ .700 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers....................... ....... .750 Pittsburgh, Pa.1________ .875 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers........................ . .750 Portland, M a in e 1 _____ .750 Portland, Oreg_________ .750 Providence, R . I _______ .875 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers_________ _____ .750 Reading, Pa__................ . .750 St. Louis, M o __________ 1.000 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers_________________ .813 St. Paul, M i n n ________ . 600 San Antonio, T e x ______ .750 San Francisco, Calif____ .750 Sprinkler fitters’ help ers____ ____________ .750 Scranton, Pa___________ .625 Spokane, W ash........ ....... .750 Springfield, M ass. .......... .750 Toledo, Ohio___________ .600 Washington, D . C .1 ___ .825 Worcester, M ass........ . .800 Hours per week Rates of wages per hour C ity Hours per week M ay 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 Rates of wages per hour Hours per week Rates of wages per hour Hours per week City Rates of wages per hour M a y 15,1937 M a y 15,1936 40 $0,600 40 .600 40 44 40 40 40 35 1.031 .700 .700 40 40 35 40 40 .725 .875 40 40 40 40 30 40 .725 .650 .750 .750 40 40 30 40 40 40 40 .725 .750 .900 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .788 . 600 40 40 .750 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 .725 .625 .750 .700 .600 .825 .675 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 $1.063 .600 40 40 40 .750 40 .833 40 .750 .925 40 40 40 T IL E LAYERS* H ELPERS Baltimore, M d _________ $0. 750 Boston, Mass__________ .950 Buffalo, N . Y .1 _________ .625 Chicago, 111____________ 1.125 Cincinnati, Ohio_______ . 600 Cleveland, Ohio________ 1.000 Columbus, Ohio_______ .650 Davenport, Iowa. (See R ock Island (111.) dis trict.) Denver, C olo__________ .900 Detroit, M ich.................. .850 Indianapolis, In d ______ .650 Kansas C ity, M o ______ .850 .672 Los Angeles, Calif______ Milwaukee, W is_______ .800 Moline, 111. (See R ock Island (111.) district.) Newark, N . J__________ 1.063 .875 N ew Haven, Conn_____ 40 $0. 650 40 .800 .625 40 40 1. 063 40 .906 40 40 .700 40 40 40 24 35 40 40 40 40 40 .750 .750 .600 .750 .625 .650 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1.063 .750 40 40 40 40 N ew York, N . Y .1 _____ $1,063 Omaha, N ebr_............. . .700 Peoria, 111..................... . .800 Philadelphia, P a_______ .820 Pittsburgh, P a _ _______ .920 Portland, Oreg_________ .750 Providence, R . I ___ _ _ .925 R ock Island (111.) dis trict______________ .650 St. Louis, M o ___ ___ .765 Salt Lake C ity, U tah. .800 San Antonio, T e x ______ .500 San Francisco, Calif____ .770 Scranton, Pa.1.................. .800 South Bend, Ind _______ .750 Spokane, W a s h _______ .900 Springfield, M ass.......... . .900 .750 Toledo, Ohio_____ _____ Washington, D . C _____ .875 Youngstown, Ohio_____ .725 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 35 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 .765 .800 .400 .750 .800 .700 40 40 40 40 40 40 .750 .600 .750 .500 40 40 40 40 1 See appendix, p, 68, for a listing of rates effective after M ay 15, 1937, which have come to the attention of the Bureau. Appendix Changes in Rates After May 15, 1937 In a number of instances new wage scales became effective in the period between the collection of the preceding data and the publication of this bulletin. Those which have come to the attention of the Bureau are listed below: Asbestos workers Baltimore, M d .: $1,375, July 1,1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,600, June 1, 1937, and $1,700, October 1, 1937. Dallas, Tex.: $1,375, July 1, 1937. Houston, Tex.: $1,375, July 1, 1937. Minneapolis, M inn.: $1,375, August 1, 1937, and $1,500, October 1, 1937. Omaha, Nebr.: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,375, June 30, 1937. St. Paul, M inn.: $1,375, August 1, 1937, and $1,500, October 1,1937. Toledo, Ohio: $1,375, July 12,1937. Washington, D . C.: $1,625, July 1, 1937. Boilermakers Chicago, 111.: $1,625, June 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,375, July 15, 1937. Toledo, Ohio: $1,500, June 1, 1937. Bricklayers Chicago, 111.: $1,700, July 1,1937. Tunnel work: $2,000, July 1, 1937. Houston, Tex.: Rate B , $1,250, M a y 16, 1937. New Haven, Conn.: $1,375, M ay 27, 1937. New Orleans, La.: $1,250, June 21, 1937. New York, N . Y .: $1,886, June 1,1937; 35-hour week. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,750, June 1, 1937. St. Paul, M inn.: $1,375, June 1,1937. San Francisco, Calif.: $1,750, June 1, 1937. Carpenters Chicago, 111.: $1,625, June 1, 1937. El Paso, Tex.: $1,125, July 1,1937. N ew York, N . Y .: $1,750, June 1,1937; 35-hour week. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,500, June 1, 1937. South Bend, Ind.: $1,250, October 1, 1937. Cement finishers Boston, Mass.: $1,450, June 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,625, June 1, 1937. New Haven, Conn.: $1,375, M a y 27, 1937. Omaha, Nebr.: $1,125, June 1, 1937. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,250, September 1,1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,500, June 10, 1937. Electricians (inside wiremen) Butte, M ont.: $1,666, July 1, 1937. Charleston, W . Va.: $1,250, June 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,700, June 1, 1937. Indianapolis, Ind.: $1,500, Novem ber 1,1937. St. Paul, M inn.: $1,350, June 1, 1937. Elevator constructors Atlanta, Ga.: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Charleston, W . Va.: $1,300, July 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,685, June 1, 1937. Cleveland, Ohio: $1,590, June 1, 1937. Columbus, Ohio: $1,440, June 2,1937. Dayton, Ohio: $1,510, June 1,1937. 68 Grand Rapids, M ich.: $1,350, June 18, 1937. New Haven, Conn.: $1,500, July 1,1937. New Orleans, La.: $1,300, July 19, 1937. Maintenance: $1,170, July 19, 1937. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,470, June 14, 1937. Maintenance: $1,330 June 14, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,665, June 14, 1937. Maintenance: $1,500, June 14, 1937. Richm ond, V a.: $1,250, June 1, 1937. Maintenance: $1,125, June 1, 1937. Rochester, N . Y .: $1,375, July 1, 1937. Maintenance: $1,238, July 1,1937. Engineers, portable and hoisting Baltimore, M d .: Hoisting: $1,500, July 1, 1937. Excavating: $65 per week, July 1, 1937. Derricks: $1,800, July 1, 1937. Cincinnati, Ohio: Rate B : $1,600, December 1, 1937. Rate C : $1,750, December 1, 1937. Columbus, Ohio: Derricks and cableways: $1,400, June 1, 1937. Hoists: $1,300, June 1, 1937. Cranes: $1,400, June 1, 1937. Des Moines, Iowa: $1,250, September 1, 1937. New York, N . Y .: Hoisting: $2,000, June 15, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: Major hoisting and excavating: $1,563, June 1, 1937. M inor hoisting: $1,500, June 1, 1937. Glaziers Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Lathers Buffalo, N . Y .: $1,500, July 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,700, June 1, 1937. Milwaukee, W is.: $1,375, June 30, 1937. New York, N . Y .: Metal: $1,750, June 1,1937. W ire: $2,000, June 1, 1937; 6-hour day. Piece rate: $14 per 1,000, June 1, 1937; 6-hour day. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,750, June 1, 1937. St. Louis, M o.: Metal: $1,675, July 9,1937. Piece rate: $8.00 per 1,000, July 9, 1937. San Antonio, Tex.: $1,500, July 1, 1937. Marble setters M inneapolis,M inn.: $1,375, October 1, 1937. New Orleans, La.: $1,250, June 21,1937. New York, N . Y .: $1,688, September 1,1937. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,550, October 1,1937. San Antonio, Tex.: $1,500, October 1, 1937. Mosaic and terrazzo workers Chicago, 111.: $1,625, June 1, 1937. N ew Haven, Conn.: $1,375, M ay 27, 1937. N ew Orleans, La.: $1,250, June 21, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,375, June 1, 1937, and $1,500, Novem ber 1, 1937. San Antonio, Tex.: $1,500, October 1, 1937. A P P E N D IX Painters Buffalo, N . Y .: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Structural-steel and bridge: $1,350, July 1,1937. Spray: $1,530, July 1, 1937. Cincinnati, Ohio: $1,350, M a y 21,1937. Newark, N . J.: $1,250, August 31, 1937; bridge and structural-steel, $2 per day additional. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,225, M a y 31, 1937. Fresco: $1,125, M a y 31, 1937. Scranton, Pa.: $1,125, July 1,1937. Toledo, Ohio: $1,300, September 1, 1937. Spray: $1,400, September 1,1937. 69 Structural-iron workers Baltimore, M d .: $1,500, July 1, 1937. Rodmen: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,625, June 1, 1937, and $1,700, Decem ber 1,1937. Cleveland, Ohio: $1,625, September 1, 1937. Des Moines, Iowa: $1,375, September 1, 1937. Newark, N . J.: $2,000, July 1, 1937. New York, N . Y .: $1,925, July 1,1937. Omaha, N ebr.: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Rodmen: $1,125, July 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,500, June 1,1937. Toledo, Ohio: $1,500, June 1, 1937. Rodmen: $1,250, June 1, 1937. Plasterers Washington, D . C .: Buffalo, N . Y .: $1,500, July 6,1937. Rodmen: $1,500, June 17, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,700, June 1, 1937. N ew Haven, Conn.: $1,375, M a y 27, 1937. Tile layers N ew Y ork, N . Y .: Rate A , $2,000, June 1, 1937; 30- Detroit, M ich .: $1,500, August 1,1937. hour week. Newark, N . J.: $1,563, September 1, 1937, and $1,688, Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,563, August 1,1937. January 1,1938. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,750, June 1,1937. New Haven, Conn.: $1,375, M ay 27,1937. R ichm ond, Va.: $1,250, June 1,1937. New Orleans, La.: $1,250, June 21,1937. St. Louis, M o.: $1,750, July 9, 1937. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,400, September 1,1937. San Antonio, Tex.: $1,500, O ctober 1, 1937. Plumbers and gas Utters Building laborers Columbus, Ohio: $1,350, June 1, 1937 and $1,375, Chicago, 111.: $1,025, June 1, 1937. December 1,1937. Caisson diggers: $1,350, June 1, 1937. Minneapolis, M inn.: $1,500, October 1, 1937. Windlass or niggerhead: $1,200, June 1, 1937. N ew Y ork, N . Y .: Rate A , $2,000, November 6,1937. Cleveland, Ohio: $0,900, June 1, 1937. Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,440, July 31,1937. Pittsburgh, P a.: $0,800, June 1, 1937. Portland, Maine: $1,250, September 1, 1937. Rochester, N . Y .: $0,650, June 1, 1937. Toledo, Ohio: $1,500, June 1, 1937. Scranton, Pa.: $0,700, July 1, 1937. Elevator constructors' helpers Roofers, composition Atlanta, Ga.: $0,875, July 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,750, June 1,1937. Charleston, W . V a.: $0,910, July 1, 1937. Foremen: $2,000, June 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,180, June 1, 1937. N ew York, N . Y .: $1,600, June 30,1937. Peoria, 111.: $1,250, September 1, 1937. Cleveland, Ohio: $1,110, June 1,1937. Philadelphia. Pa.: $1,000, M a y 31, 1937. Columbus, Ohio: $1,010, June 2,1937. Foremen: $1,150, M a y 31, 1937. Dayton, Ohio: $1,060, June 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,375, June 1,1937. Grand Rapids, M ich .: $0,950, June 18,1937. Foremen: $1,500, June 1, 1937. New Haven, Conn.: $1,050, July 1, 1937. New Orleans, La.: $0,910, July 19, 1937. RooferSy slate and tile Philadelphia, Pa.: $1,030, June 14,1937. Maintenance: $0,935, June 14,1937. Cincinnati, Ohio: $1,325, June 1, 1937 and $1,400, Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,170, June 14, 1937. December 1, 1937. Richm ond, V a.: $0,875, June 1, 1937. N ew York, N . Y .: $1,860, July 1,1937; 35-hour week. Maintenance: $0,790, June 1, 1937. Peoria, 111.: $1,250, September 1, 1937. Rochester, N . Y .: $0,960, July 1, 1937. Sheet-metal workers Hod carriers Baltimore, M d .: $1,375, June 8, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,425, June 1,1937 (bricklayers’ tender). Buffalo, N . Y .: $1,300, Novem ber 1, 1937. New York, N . Y .: Cincinnati, Ohio: $1,375, December 1, 1937. Bricklayers’ tender: $1,143, June 1, 1937; 7-hour Columbus, Ohio: $1,150, June 1, 1937. day. Milwaukee, W is.: $1,200, June 1, 1937. Stonemasons’ tender: $1,200, June 1, 1937; 7-hour Minneapolis, M inn .: $1,250, June 1,1937. day. Newark, N . J.: Rate B , $1,650, June 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,125, June 1, 1937. N ew Haven, Conn.: $1,250, July 1, 1937. Scranton, Pa.: $0,700, July 1, 1937. New York, N . Y .: $1,750, July 1,1937; 7-hour day. Marble setters' helpers Rochester, N . Y .: $1,200, July 1, 1937. Buffalo, N . Y .: $0,750, July 1, 1937. Steam and sprinkler titters Scranton, Pa.: $0,925, June 1, 1937. Columbus, Ohio: $1,350, June 1, 1937, and $1,375, Plasterers' laborers December 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,100, June 1, 1937. Milwaukee, W is.: $1,350, June 1, 1937. Cleveland, Ohio: $0,900, June 1, 1937. Minneapolis, M inn.: $1,500, October 1, 1937. New York, N . Y .: N ew York, N . Y .: $1,650, July 1, 1937. Rate B : $1,420, June 1,1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,675, June 1, 1937. Rate C: $1,420, June 1, 1937. Portland, Maine: $1,250, September 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,125, June 1, 1937. Toledo, Ohio: $1,500, June 1, 1937. Scranton, Pa.: $0,700, July 1, 1937. Washington, D . C .: $1,650, September 1,1937. Plumbers' laborers Stonecutters Cleveland, Ohio: $1,000, June 1,1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,625, June 1, 1937. Scranton, Pa.: $0,700, July 1, 1937. Carvers: $2,000, June 1, 1937. Steam and sprinkler fitters' helpers Rochester, N . Y .: $1,250, June 1, 1937. Minneapolis, M inn.: $0,700, October 1, 1937. Stonemasons New York, N . Y .: $1,238, July 1, 1937. Chicago, 111.: $1,700, July 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,000, June 1, 1937. N ew Haven, Conn.: $1,375, M ay 27, 1937. Portland, Maine: $0,800, September 1,1937. Washington, D . C.: $0,910, September 1, 1937. N ew Orleans, La.: $1,250 June 21, 1937. N ew York, N . Y .: Tile layers' helpers Rate A : $1,886 June 1, 1937; 35-hour week. Rate B : $1,957, June 1, 1937; 35-hour week. Buffalo, N . Y .: $0,750, July 1, 1937. Pittsburgh, Pa.: $1,625, June 1, 1937. New York, N . Y .: $1,563 September 1, 1937 and St. Paul, M inn.: $1,375, June 1, 1937. $1,250, January 1,1938. San Francisco, Calif.: $1,750, June 1, 1937. Scranton, Pa.: $0,925, June 1, 1937. O