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Figure 1
Current Framework for Monetary Policy Implementation
Interest rate

DW rate
Demand for reserves
IOER rate
ON RRP rate

0

Required
reserves

Supply

Reserve
balances

Figure 2
Monetary Policy Implementation before 2008
Interest rate

DW rate

Target rate
Demand for reserves

Required
reserves
0

Target
supply

Reserve
balances

Figure 3
Federal Reserve Balance Sheet
April 26, 2017
USD, billions

Assets
Securities held outright

4,246

U.S. Treasury securities
Agency debt
Agency MBS

2,465
12
1,769

Repurchase agreements
Loans
Other assets
Total assets

0
*
224
4,470

Liabilities
Federal Reserve notes
Deposits
Reserve balances (deposits held by DIs)
Treasury General Account
Other
Foreign official

Reverse repurchase agreements
Foreign official and international accounts
Others

1,496
2,564
2,201
271
87
5

363
241
122

Other liabilities
Total liabilities

6
4,429

Capital
Total liabilities and capital

41
4,470

* Less than $1 billion
Source: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System H.4.1 Statistical Release.

Figure 4
Variability of Key Federal Reserve Liabilities
Absolute Value of Changes in Weekly Averages
Billions of U.S. Dollars
99th Percentile

Standard Deviation
2005

Jan 2016 - Apr 2017

Jan 2016 - Apr 2017

Currency in Circulation

1.9

2.1

8.2

Treasury General Account

0.3

23.8

90.5

Other Deposits

0.1

7.8

28.9

Foreign Repo Pool

0.9

4.1

14.9

ON RRPs

N/A

47.6

212.3

Sources: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System H.4.1 Statistical Release; staff calculations.