Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis and Bullard, James. "Permazero as a Possible Medium-term Outcome for the U.S. and the G-7 : Slides : FRB of Philadelphia Policy Forum, The New Normal for the U.S. Economy, Philadelphia, Pa." in Statements and Speeches of James Bullard (December 4, 2015). https://fraser.stlouisfed.org/title/7161/item/654829/content/pdf/bullard_20151204_slides, accessed on May 19, 2026.