View original document

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

Search Site
Home > Newsroom >

St. Louis Fed's Bullard Discusses the Fed's Taper, GDP Growth
5/16/2014
LITTLE ROCK, Ark. – Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis President James Bullard
discussed “A Tame Taper” at the Arkansas Day with the Commissioner event hosted by
the Arkansas Bankers Association on Friday.
During his presentation, Bullard addressed several recent themes in U.S. monetary
policy. First, he noted that the impact of the Federal Open Market Committee’s
(FOMC’s) taper this year has been tame compared with the “taper tantrum” last
summer. “The FOMC’s reductions in the pace of asset purchases have proceeded
smoothly so far,” Bullard said. He also discussed the weak U.S. GDP growth at the
beginning of this year. “First-quarter real GDP growth was weak, but forecasts for the
remainder of the year are strong,” he said. Regarding in ation and unemployment,
Bullard noted, “The FOMC is much closer to its policy goals than it has been in the past
ve years.” He added that in ation has stabilized at a low level.
The Fed’s Taper
Bullard noted that the FOMC took no explicit policy action at the June 2013 meeting, yet
triggered a signi cant movement in global nancial markets. During last summer’s
taper tantrum, longer-term U.S. interest rates increased, emerging-market currencies
depreciated against the U.S. dollar, capital owed to the U.S. and emerging-market
stock indexes declined.
“The taper tantrum during the summer of 2013 was based on perceptions of Fed
actions,” Bullard said, adding that the actual decision to begin tapering did not occur
until December 2013. Since then, the FOMC has reduced its pace of asset purchases
four times by $10 billion each time. “Yet the effects on global nancial markets have
been much less striking,” he noted.
He discussed how to interpret the two different responses. “One interpretation is that
as of June 2013, it was premature to argue that the U.S. economy was strong enough
to pull back on asset purchases,” Bullard said. “As of December 2013, better growth
and employment data justi ed the taper decision.”
First-Quarter GDP Growth
Turning to rst-quarter data for 2014, the reported annualized growth rate of U.S. real
GDP was close to zero. Bullard noted that some tracking estimates are calling for an
even lower reading once revised data are taken into account. “The weak rst-quarter
performance has been widely attributed to particularly cold and snowy winter weather,”
he said.

“While rst-quarter GDP growth was weak, growth in coming quarters is still predicted
to be robust,” Bullard said. “The average quarterly pace of growth in 2014 may still be
an improvement relative to 2013,” he added. The average quarterly pace of growth in
2013 was 2.6 percent.
Monetary Policy Goals
Bullard noted that over the past ve years U.S. unemployment has been high and
in ation has remained relatively low, and that this situation has led to an extraordinary
monetary policy response. “But today, Fed goals are within sight. This helps to justify
the FOMC’s tapering of asset purchases,” he said.
To measure the distance of the economy from the FOMC’s goals, Bullard used a simple
objective function, which depends on the distance of in ation from the FOMC’s long-run
target and on the distance of the unemployment rate from its long-run average. This
version puts equal weight on in ation and unemployment and is sometimes used to
evaluate various policy options, Bullard noted.
In his calculations, the target rate of in ation was set at 2 percent, the FOMC’s in ation
target. The long-run average rate of unemployment was set at 5.4 percent, the
midpoint of the central tendency of the FOMC’s Summary of Economic Projections.
“The objective function value is closer to the FOMC’s goals than it has been about 60
percent of the time since 1960,” Bullard said.
He then addressed the question of why monetary policy is so far from normal if the Fed
is relatively close to its objectives. “Labor markets do not seem to be fully recovered,”
Bullard said. In addition, “In ation remains low.”

GENERAL
Home
About Us
Bank Supervision
Careers
Community Development
Economic Education
Events
Inside the Economy Museum
Newsroom
On the Economy Blog
Open Vault Blog
OUR DISTRICT
Little Rock Branch
Louisville Branch
Memphis Branch
Agricultural Finance Monitor
Housing Market Conditions
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS
Bridges
Economic Synopses

Housing Market Perspectives
In the Balance
Page One Economics
The Quarterly Debt Monitor
Review
Regional Economist
ST. LOUIS FED PRESIDENT
James Bullard's Website
INITIATIVES
Center for Household Financial Stability
Dialogue with the Fed
Federal Banking Regulations
FOMC Speak
In Plain English - Making Sense of the Federal Reserve
Timely Topics Podcasts and Videos
DATA AND INFORMATION SERVICES
CASSIDI®
FRASER®
FRED®
FRED® Blog
GeoFRED®
IDEAS
FOLLOW THE FED
Twitter
Facebook
YouTube
Google Plus
Email Subscriptions
RSS

CONTACT US

|

LEGAL INFORMATION

|

PRIVACY NOTICE & POLICY

|

FEDERAL RESERVE SYSTEM ONLINE