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State Government Employee Compensation, 1972 U.S. Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics 1976 Bulletin 1899 State Government Employee Compensation, 1972 U.S. Department of Labor W. J. Usery, Jr., Secretary Bureau of Labor Statistics Julius Shiskin, Commissioner 1976 Bulletin 1899 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402, GPO Bookstores, or BLS Regional Offices listed on inside back cover. Price $1.35 Make checks payable to Superintendent of Documents Stock number 029-001-01883-5 Class number L 2.3:1899 Preface This bulletin presents the results of a study by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of hourly expenditures made during 1972 by the 50 State governments to compensate their employees (excluding those in higher education). A summary of the survey results was published in Bureau of Labor Statistics Report 433, State Government Employee Compensation: U.S. Summary, 1972, issued in February 1975. Individual reports on compensation of employees in each of the State governments were issued in late 1974 and early 1975 in the Report 433 series. Data are presented on the level and structure of State employee compensation in the United States as a whole, and for nine economic regions, as well as for each of the 50 States. Separate data are presented for two large functional sectors of State government: Hospitals and highways. Compensation of State government employees is analyzed in Part I and in Part II the use of paid leave and work hours is described. Data on State government policies and practices affecting selected compensation elements are analyzed in Part III. In Part IV the structure of compensation in State governments is compared with that in the Federal Government and the private nonfarm sector of the economy. Data for the study were collected by the Bureau of the Census as part of the 1972 Quinquennial Census of Governments, and were reviewed, tabulated, and analyzed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. This bulletin was prepared in the Bureau’s Office of Wages and Industrial Relations, Division of General Compensation Structures. The analysis was prepared by Theodore Bleecker, Charlotte D. Brashears, and Paul L. Scheible. The statistical tabulations were designed and produced by Melvin D. Eggleston and Patricia B. Smith. The project was executed under the direction of Alvin Bauman. Contents Page Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Part I: Level and structure of compensation...................................................................................................................... All agencies ................................................................................................................................................................ Pay for working time ...................................................................................................................................... Retirement programs ....................................................................................................................................... Pay for leave (except sick leave)...................................................................................................................... Life insurance and health benefit programs..................................................................................................... Unemployment benefit programs.................................................................................................................... Highway agencies....................................................................................................................................................... Hospitals .................................................................................................................................................................... Regional differences ................................................................................................................................................. 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 6 7 Part II: Paid hours of work and leave ................................................................................................................................ 9 All agencies ................................................................................................................................................................ 9 Highway agencies and hospitals.................................................................................................. 9 Regional patterns........................................................ 10 Part III: Selected compensation policies and practices ..................................................................................................... Standard hours .................................................................................................. Vacation leave........................................................................................................................................................... Holidays...................................................................................................................................................................... Sick leave.................................................................................................................................................................... Retirement and insurance programs.......................................................................................................................... Part IV: Comparisons with the Federal Government and private sectors ........................................................................ 11 11 11 12 12 13 14 Charts: 1. Structure of compensation of Stategovernment employees, 1972 ................................................................... 2 2. Percent distribution of State government employment by total compensation per hour of work and by function, 1972 ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Text tables: 1. Number of paid holidays, by number of States and percent of employment, State governments, 1972.... 12 2. Paid holidays, by number of States and percent of employment, State governments, 1972 ................ 12 Reference tables: 1. Employee compensation in State governments, by type of agency, 1972 ...................................................... 16 2. Distribution of employment and States by hourly expenditures for total compensation, pay for working time, and straight-time pay, by type of agency, 1972....................................................... 17 3. Distribution of employment and States by expenditures for pay for working time and straight-time pay as a percent of total compensation, by type of agency, 1972 ...................................................................... 18 Contents— Continued Reference tables— Continued Page Distribution of employment by State government expenditures for selected compensation items, 1972: 4. All agencies: As cents per work hour ............................................................................................................. 5. All agencies: As percent of total compensation ............................................................................................. 6. Highway agencies: As cents per work hour ................................................................................................... 7. Highway agencies: As percent of total compensation.................................................................................... 8. Hospitals: As cents per work h o u r.................................................................................................................. 9. Hospitals: As percent of total compensation ................................................................................................. Employee compensation in State governments, 1972: 10. All agencies: a. New England States .............................................................................................................................. b. Middle Atlantic States............................................................................................................................ c. East North Central States ...................................................................................................................... d. West North Central States ................................................................................................................... e. South Atlantic States ............................................................................................................................ f. East South Central States ...................................................................................................................... g. West South Central States ................................................................................................................... h. Mountain States .................................................................................................................................... i. Pacific States ......................................................................................................................................... 11. Highway agencies: a. New England States .............................................................................................................................. b. Middle Atlantic States............................................................................................................................ c. East North Central States ...................................................................................................................... d. West North Central States .................................................................................................................... e. South Atlantic States ............................................................................................................................ f. East South Central States.................................................................................................... g. West South Central States .................................................................................................................... h. Mountain States .................................................................................................................................... i. Pacific States ......................................................................................................................................... 12. Hospitals: a. New England States .............................................................................................................................. b. Middle Atlantic States............................................................................................................................ c. East North Central States ...................................................................................................................... d. West North Central States...................................................................................................................... e. South Atlantic States ............................................................................................................................ f. East South Central S tates...................................................................................................................... g. West South Central States...................................................................................................................... h. Mountain States .................................................................................................................................... i. Pacific States ........................................................................................................................................ 13. All other agencies: a. New England States................................................................................................................................ b. Middle Atlantic States............................................................................................................................ c. East North Central S tates...................................................................................................................... d. West North Central States...................................................................................................................... e. South Atlantic States ............................................................................................................................ f. East South Central States ...................................................................................................................... g. West South Central States..................................................................................................................... h. Mountain States .................................................................................................................................... i. Pacific States ......................................................................................................................................... 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 Contents— Continued Reference tables— Continued pa^e Composition of paid hours in State governments (except higher education), 1972: 14. 15. 16. 17. All agencies....................................................................................................................................................... Highway agencies............................................................................................................................................. Hospitals........................................................................................................................................................... All other agencies............................................................................................................................................. 61 62 63 64 18. Distribution of employment by overtime and paid leave as percent of all paid hours, by type of agency, 1972 ................................................................................................................................................................ Distribution of employment and States by annual leave earned and years of service, 1972 ........................ Distribution of employment and States by type of insurance program, 1972 ............................................... Compensation structure of State and Federal governments and private industry ......................................... 65 66 66 67 19. 20. 21. Appendix: Survey methods and definitions of terms ....................................................................................................... 68 Introduction This study measures the direct and indirect payments made by the States to their employees in order to determine total employee compensation. Direct payments to workers include pay for hours worked, leave, certain bonuses and awards, and severance pay. Indirect payments include payments to third parties for employee benefits which provide a measure of protection against the eco nomic hazards of old age, death, disability, illness, and unemployment. Third parties include government trust funds (such as those for social security, unemployment insurance, and State retirement plans) as well as private insurance carriers, and service organizations (such as Blue Cross), which provide health benefits and disability and life insurance. The data relate to both full-time and part-time workers who are employed on a temporary, probationary, or permanent basis. Only employees of agencies and institu tions in higher education (i.e. colleges and universities) are excluded.1 The compensation concept employed in this study is essentially the same as that for similar studies of the private sector conducted by the Bureau. An important difference is the method by which vacation and sick leave is measured. In the private sector studies, such leave is measured by the amount of time used during the year, regardless of when it was earned. In this study, it was not practical to obtain data on leave used. Consequently, the amount of leave time earned during the survey reference week was utilized as the measure and projected to a full year. In most State jurisdictions each employee acquires a set amount of vacation and sick leave for each period in which he is in pay status; this amount is regarded as earned leave. Leave may be used at some time during the employee’s period of service (subject to restrictions such as the maximum amount which may be accumulated). Since many em ployees do not in a given year use all the leave acquired in that year—particularly sick leave—earned leave generally exceeds leave which is used, and therefore is often a larger portion of compensation. For example, in the Federal Government during calendar 1973 earned annual leave exceeded used leave by less than 5 percent, while earned sick leave was 33 percent larger than the amount used.2 The hours and expenditures for both of these types of leave as well as civic and personal leave were estimated from the amounts earned during the pay period including October 15, 1972.3 This method probably yields results which could differ from the actual annual figures, especially data for items which are sporadic or seasonal, such as personal and vacation leave and data for agencies, such as highways departments, where employment may be season al. Some elements of compensation that exist in the private sector are rarely, if ever, found in State governments. Among these are employer contributions to employee savings and thrift plans, vacation and holiday funds, and outlays for supplemental unemployment benefits. This bulletin shows expenditures per work hour (hours devoted to the output of governmental services) rather than per paid hour (which includes leave hours). The former better shows the cost to the employer and the benefit to the employee for each hour actually worked. Also the data are more nearly comparable to those available for the private sector and the Federal Government. (See Part IV.) Comparisons of both the level and structure of compen sation among individual States or groups of States, the Federal Government, and the private sector should be made cautiously. Although differences among the averages may reflect varying levels of pay and other components of compensation for identical occupations, the averages also reflect differences in the occupational composition of the work forces. Part I. Level and Structure of Compensation All agencies ' Compensation of the approximately 1,700,000 employ ees of State governments4 within the scope of the survey averaged $5.40 per work hour (table 1). Of this amount, $4.04, or 74.9 percent, was in the form of pay for working time.5 Slightly in excess of 9 percent of total compensation (49 cents per work hour) consisted of employer contribu tions to retirement programs, while 48 cents or 8.9 percent were outlays for annual, holiday, and personal leave. Expenditures by the States for life and health insurance and accident compensation were 37 cents per hour of work, or 6.8 percent: Only very small sums were devoted by State governments, to unemployment insurance6 and severance pay, and to special awards or other nonproduction bonuses (chart 1). Over three-fifths of all employees (61.9 percent) were concentrated in the 36 States where total hourly compensa tion ranged between $4 and $5.49 (table 2). Two States, Arkansas and Tennessee, paid between $3.50 and $3.98, five States, Alaska, Connecticut, Michigan, New Jersey, and New York, expended $6.50 or more per work hour. Chart 2 shows a percent distribution of State government employ ment by total compensation per hour of work and function. State government employees aver aged $4.04 per hour as pay for working time. Over 90 percent of all workers were employed in the 45 States where average pay for working time ranged from $3 to $4.99 per hour of work (table 2). Only 2 States, New Jersey and Alaska, exceeded hourly pay for working time of $5. Arkansas, Tennessee, and West Virginia paid less than $3 an hour. Pay for working time amounted to approximately three-fourths of all compensation. Over four-fifths of all State government employees were working in the 40 State governments where the ratio of pay for working time to total compensation was 74 percent but less than 80 percent (table 3); nearly half (47.3 percent) were in the 21 States where the ratio was at least 76 percent but under 78 percent. Only in South Dakota, pay for working time exceeded 80 percent of total compensation. The ratio of pay for working time to total compensation varies inversely with the level of compensation. However, the pattern is less pronounced in State governments than in the private sector.7 Among the 17 States where total compensation exceeded the national average of $5.40, the ratio of pay for working time to total compensation was 73.4 percent, or 1.5 percentage points below the national ratio; in the 33 States where compensation was below the national average the ratio was 76.8 percent, or 1.9 points above the national ratio. Although all States reported premiums for work beyond the normal work day or week, such as for overtime, weekend and holiday work, or late shifts, these differentials were a very small portion of pay for working time. Such payments amounted to 3 cents per work hour on tha average (table 4) and were only 0.5 percent of total compensation (table 5). Nearly half of all workers (47 percent) were in States where such payments were less than 2 cents per hour; the remainder were highly concentrated in States where premium pay was between 2 and 8 cents an hour. Nearly 90 percent of all workers were employed in Pay for working time. Chart 2. Percent Distribution of State Government Employment by Total Compensation Per Hour of Work and by Function, 1972 Percent of total State Government Employment 50 Under $4.00 $4.00 to $4.99 $4.50 to 4.99 $4.50 to $4.99 $5.03 to $5.49 $5.50 to $5.99 $6.50 to $6.99 $7.00 and Over Note: Percentages m ay not add to 100 doe to rounding. States where premium pay was less than 1 percent of total compensation. Premium pay did not exceed 2 percent of compensation in any State (table 5). State expenditures for retirement programs (including contributions to State government pension and retirement systems and to the Federal Social Security Program-OASDHI), which represented the second largest element in the compensation package, averaged 49 cents an hour (9.1 percent of total compensation). Retire ment programs alone accounted for 36 percent of all employer outlays beyond pay for working time. In 1972, nearly 9 out of 10 full-time State employees (including those in higher education) were covered by a retirement program by a State government, and 3 out of 4 were covered by Social Security. Eighty-four percent of State government workers were concentrated in States where retirement outlays ranged between 30 and 60 cents an hour; 10 percent worked for States where outlays were at least 70 cents. All States devoted at least 5 percent of compensation to retirement programs; 2 out of 5 workers were employed in States which spent between 8 and 9 percent of compensation for retirement. Over two-thirds of retirement program outlays were for State pension plans, which amounted to 33 cents per hour, Retirement programs. or 6.1 percent of total compensation. Three-fourths of all State government employees worked in States where government contributions were at least 3 but less than 7 percent of total compensation. Nearly two-thirds (65 percent) of all State employees were in States where pension plan outlays were at least 20 cents but less than 50 cents an hour (twenty-four percent alone were between 25 and 30 cents). The New York State retirement system exerted a substantial influence on the national totals since it account ed for a quarter of all State pension plan contributions and nearly 1 of every 12 State government workers. New York was the only State where contributions to State plans exceeded 70 cents an hour and provided as much as 10 percent of total compensation. Additionally, only New York covers all pension plan costs (all other plans are financed both by the State and by those employees participating in the plan). If New York’s contributions were excluded from the national totals, retirement outlays would have averaged only 27 cents an hour or 5.2 percent of total compensation. Social security expenditures were 16 cents an hour when averaged over all States and 18 cents an hour for States reporting social security outlays. These expenditures ac counted for one-third of retirement costs in all States, and almost three-eighths in the 45 States (with 90 percent of all workers) providing coverage.8 In fiscal year 1972, employ ers were required to pay 5.2 percent of only the first $8,5009 of each employee’s annual salary into the social security fund. Furthermore, in some States substantial numbers of workers were not covered by the system. Thus, on a national basis, the average for social security outlays was less than 5 percent of payroll. Over three-fifths of all workers, and seven-tenths of those workers in States with social security expenses, were in States where these outlays amounted to between 3 and 4 percent of total compensation. Hourly costs of 16 to 18 cents were reported by States employing 2 of every 5 workers, and a fifth of all workers were employed in States where outlays were between 20 and 25 cents per hour. Pay for leave (except sick leave). Pay for leave (except sick leave), the third largest component of compensation, amounting to 48 cents per work hour or 8.9 percent of total compensation, constituted more than one-third (35.5 percent) of all compensation beyond pay for working time. All workers were in States where outlays for leave were at least 30 cents an hour and 84 percent were fairly evenly spread among States in which expenditures were between 30 and 60 cents an hour. Over half of all employees were in States where leave outlays were between 9 and 10 percent of total compensation, and nearly one-fourth were in States where leave pay constituted between 8 and 9 percent of all compensation. The provision of vacation leave is universal among State governments. In 1972, the hourly cost of vacation leave earned by State employees was 28 cents an hour, or just under three-fifths of all leave pay and over 5 percent of total compensation. Practically all employees were in States where hourly outlays averaged between 18 and 50 cents, and over one-third were concentrated in States with expenditures between 25 and 30 cents per hour. Over half of all workers were in States where earned vacation leave was 5 to 6 percent of total compensation, and nearly three eighths were in the 4- to 5-percent bracket. All 50 States had paid holidays for their employees. The expense generated by these holidays averaged 18 cents an hour and accounted for three-eighths of the total leave component. Overall, holiday payments represented 3.4 percent of total compensation. Employment was evenly but narrowly distributed about this mean. For 3 out of 5 workers, State employers paid out between 3 and 4 percent of compensation for this leave item. Civic and personal leave (including military leave) in some form was paid for by all the States, but this type of leave is not taken by employees on a regular basis. To some extent this leave is seasonal, mainly because military leave is taken chiefly in spring or summer. Since this survey was conducted in mid-October, the amount of leave taken was probably understated.10 Thus, during the survey period, 1 in 14 workers was employed in a State which provided no outlays for civic or personal leave. Moreover, more than 90 percent of workers in States with such outlays were in States where civic and personal leave expenses constituted less than 1 percent of total compensation. As a result, civic and personal leave averaged nationally only 2 cents an hour, or 0.4 percent of total compensation. Life insurance and health benefit programs. Life insurance and health benefit programs (including earned sick leave) were wholly or partially provided in some form by every State at an average cost of 37 cents per work hour.11 These expenditures represented 6.8 percent of total compensation and accounted for somewhat more than one-fourth of compensation beyond pay for working time. About onethird of all State government employees were in States where hourly costs for this group of compensation items ranged between 20 and 30 cents; another third were employed by States with hourly expenditures of 30 to 40 cents, one-quarter were in States with expenditures of 50 to 60 cents (table 4). Well over two-thirds of all expenditures for those programs represented the value of sick leave earned. Sick leave is the sole protection afforded State government employees and their families against loss of income due to temporary absence from work because of the worker’s illness or injury. One-half of all workers were employed in States where earned sick leave expenditures ranged from 18 to 25 cents hourly, and one-fourth were in States that spent 25 to 30 cents. Sick leave, which on the average accounted for nearly 4.7 percent of employee compensation, ranged from 3 to 6 percent of total compensation for 94 percent of all employees. In Iowa and Maryland, however, the value of earned sick leave slightly exceeded 9.0 percent, reflecting the 30 days of leave which their employees earned annually. Life, accident, or health insurance was provided by 45 of the 50 States, employing nearly 90 percent of all State government workers. Half of all workers were employed in States where outlays for insurance programs were between 6 and 12 cents per hour, and nearly a fifth were in States where insurance outlays ranged between 16 and 25 cents an hour. In 1972, life, accident, and health insurance plans represented less than 5 percent of total compensation in all States. Of the workers in States with these programs, nearly two-thirds were in States where expenditures amounted to less than 2 percent of compensation. The remainder were in States which spent between 2 and 5 percent of total compensation for such insurance. Although all but three States reported outlays for workers’ disability compensation in 1972, it was a relatively small component of compensation. Such expenditures averaged 2 cents an hour and 0.5 percent of total compensation. Less than one-fourth of all workers were in States where workers’ disability compensation cost more than 4 cents an hour. Unemployment benefit programs. Expenditures for un employment benefit programs averaged only 1 cent an hour and represented a mere 0.2 percent of compensation, largely because 3 out of 8 State employees worked for States that did not provide them with such protection. Almost one-half (48 percent) were employed by States that did have unemployment insurance—but because of few layoffs, these States spent less than 2 cents an hour for it. By contrast, private industry spent on the average 5 cents a work hour in 1972 for unemployment insurance. Severance pay is a relatively minor item in State employee compensation. Seventeen percent of all employ ees worked in States where no expenditure was reported, and 75 percent of all employees were concentrated in States where expenditures for this item were less than 2 cents an hour. In no State did outlays for severance pay amount to as much as 1 percent of compensation. Highway agencies Total compensation of highway employees, who con stituted 17 percent of all State workers (except those in higher education), at $5.37 per hour of working time, was only slightly less than the national average for all State employees surveyed. As can be seen in table 1, the structure of compensation of highway workers follows, with only minor deviations, the pattern for all State government workers studied. More than two-thirds of all highway workers were in the 34 States where their total compensation fell between $4 and $6. The distribution of State highway departments and their employees by compensation per hour of work is shown below: Hourly compensation Total ................. Less than $ 4 .0 0 ................. $4.00—$ 4 .4 9 ...................... $4.50—$ 4 .9 9 ...................... $5.00—$ 5 .4 9 ....................... $5.50—$ 5 .9 9 ....................... $6.00 and o v e r ................. Number o f States 50 3 10 5 9 10 13 Percent o f employment 100.0 7.4 20.0 10.1 19.1 18.1 25.4 Note: Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. Pay for working time averaged $4.05 per hour worked by employees of highway agencies in State governments, or 75.4 percent of their compensation. Four of every 5 State highway workers were employed in the 38 States where hourly pay for working time was between $3 and $5 per hour. Straight-time pay amounted to $4.01 per hour worked, or 74.7 percent of total compensation. Over four-fifths (81.9 percent) of all workers were in the 39 States where straight-time pay was between $3 and $5. Expenditures by State governments for retirement bene fits for highway workers represented 8.6 percent of total compensation and amounted to 46 cents per hour worked. These outlays were somewhat less than the national levels of 9.1 percent and 49 cents per hour for all State employees. Most of the highway workers (85 percent) were employed in States where retirement program outlays were between 30 and 60 cents an hour, and two-fifths were in the range between 8 and 9 percent of total compensation. The 3-cents-an-hour difference between retirement plan contributions for highway employees and for all State employees is entirely due to the lower level of contri butions to the State retirement plan for highway employ ees. The other retirement expense—social security taxes—is almost the same for both groups. Social security contributions by State highway agencies were 17 cents an hour, or 3.2 percent of total compensa tion. If employees of States where no such outlays were made (12 percent of all highway employees) are excluded, outlays equaled 19 cents per hour and were 3.6 percent of total compensation. About two-thirds of all highway department employees were concentrated in States where their social security costs averaged between 16 and 25 cents an hour, or 3 to 5 percent of compensation. Pay for leave of highway workers cost State governments 48 cents per hour worked, and accounted for 9 percent of total compensation. Although every State provided its highway workers both vacation and holiday leave, States employing 2 of every 5 highway workers recorded no civic and personal leave during the October survey period. Since all States provide for such leave for a majority of their workers, the omission was probably due to the concentra tion of this leave at other times of the year.12 About 90 percent of all highway workers were in States paying from 30 up to 70 cents per working hour for leave, and 3 out of 5 were in States where expenditures were between 30 and 50 cents. The largest component of pay for leave is vacation pay. Highway agencies laid out 28 cents an hour for this component, representing 34 percent of total compensation. Vacation pay for over four-fifths of all highway workers ranged from 20 to 40 cents an hour; for nearly two-fifths, it fell between 25 and 30 cents. Civic and personal leave accounted only for 2 cents an hour when all States were averaged and 3 cents when only States reporting such leave were averaged. Only one-fourth of all workers were in States where this type of leave cost as much as 2 cents per hour. Financing by State governments of life insurance and health benefits for highway employees amounted to 36 cents an hour, or 6.8 percent of compensation, which is roughly equivalent to the national averages for all State employees. About 2 of every 5 employees were employed in highway administration agencies where hourly outlays for these benefits ranged from 30 to 40 cents, representing between 5 and 7 percent of compensation. Earned sick leave was valued at 25 cents per hour and represented 4.7 percent of total compensation, reflecting the tendency already noted for States to use sick leave as the chief means of maintaining incomes of employees incapacitated by illness or injury. About three-tenths of the workers were in States where earned sick leave amounted to between 20 and 25 cents an hour, a similar proportion of workers were concentrated where it was 25 to 30 cents. Sick leave for nearly 90 percent of all employees ranged between 3 and 6 percent of total compensation. Life and health insurance benefits paid for in whole or part by State governments amounted to 8 cents per hour for all highway employees and 10 cents per hour for highway employees of those States providing these types of benefits, which employed over four-fifths of all high way %workers. This distribution of employees .by size of hourly payment for these benefits showed a wide range (table 6), from less than 2 cents to nearly 50 cents an hour. However, nearly half of the employ ees were in States where expenditures ranged from 6 up to 12 cents an hour. Expenditures for life, accident, and health insurance were less than 2 percent of total compensation, and represented less than one-quarter of outlays for all life insurance and health benefits. For nearly 80 percent of all highway employees and 95 percent of those in States with such expenditures, these outlays amounted to less than 3 percent of total compensation (table 7). Workers’ disability compensation is a relatively insignif icant program in State governments. In States employing 4 out of 5 workers it amounted to less than 1 percent of compensation. Expenditures for unemployment benefits for highway workers were less than those for all State government workers because of the much lower incidence of such benefits for the former group. The substantial difference in their incidence is shown by the following tabulation: Type o f benefit Percent o f workers in States with unemployment benefit programs A il agencies Highway agencies All unemployment b en efits................... 71 28 Unemployment insurance.......... Severance p a y ............................... 63 23 24 6 Hospitals State hospitals expended $4.80 per hour of work to compensate their employees, who constituted approxi mately one quarter of all State employees outside of higher educational institutions. This hourly rate was 11 percent lower than the rate for all State workers ($5.40) mainly because hospitals have an exceptionally high proportion of low-paying jobs (table 2). Approximately one-half of hospital workers were in 31 States where total compensa tion for such workers averaged less then $4.50 (table 2); only one-fifth of all employees were in the 14 States which averaged less than this amount. Pay for working time amounted to $3.56 an hour, or 74.3 percent of total compensation. This was a slightly smaller percentage than for other employees chiefly be cause pay for working time was lower, while components which are not part of wages and salaries (such as expendi tures for State retirement plans and for life insurance and health benefit programs) were approximately the same. Pay for working time ranged from $2.50 to $4 an hour in the 39 States employing over two-thirds of all hospital workers. Straight-time pay for State hospital employees amount ed to $3.52, or 73.5 percent of total compensation. Straight-time pay for hospital workers, like total pay for time worked, was well below the level for all State employees because of the higher proportion of low-paid workers. Approximately one-quarter of the employees worked in the 19 States where hourly straight-time pay was less than $3, and slightly over two-fifths worked in States where average hourly straight-time pay was $3 but less than $4. Few employees worked in hospitals where straight-time pay was as high as $5 an hour. About 3 of every 4 hospital workers were in States whose straight-time pay ranged between 72 percent of total compensation to nearly 80 percent (table 3). Pay for leave of hospital workers amounted to 43 cents per work hour, or 5 cents less than for all State workers, mainly reflecting the lower level of hourly compensation (table 8). However, leave pay was 8.9 percent of total compensation (table 9)—the same as the proportion for all State agencies—and its structure generally followed the pattern for all State workers. Retirement programs for hospital workers amounted to 45 cents per hour, or 9.4 percent of total compensation. While the hourly expenditure was slightly lower than for all State workers, the proportion of total compensation for hospital workers’ retirement programs slightly exceeded that for all State employees. Social security outlays by State governments averaged 14 cents an hour for hospital employees, or less than 3 percent of their compensation. Two-thirds of all employees (78 percent of all workers in States with social security contributions) were in states where such outlays amounted to 12 to 25 cents per hour, and nearly four-fifths were employed in States where social security outlays were from 3 to 5 percent of compensation. Hourly expenditures for State-administered pension and retirement systems for hospital workers varied widely from 4 cents per hour to $1.40 per hour reported by New York State. However, over 40 percent of all hospital workers were in States where outlays for State pension plans were between 20 and 40 cents per hour and 3 to 5 percent of total compensation. Outlays for insurance and health benefits for hospital workers in 1972 came to 34 cents an hour, 3 cents less than for all State employees. However, these programs were 7.1 percent of total compensation of State hospital employees, compared to 6.8 percent for such expenditures for all State employees. Over 70 percent of State outlays in this group were for sick leave, which amounted to 24 cents an hour and represented nearly $1 of every $20 of total compensation. Over half of all employees were in States where sick leave ranged between 20 and 30 cents an hour (about two-thirds of these—32 percent of all employees—were concentrated in the narrower interval ranging between 25 and 30 cents hourly. Expenditures for life, accident, and health benefits amounted to 8 cents an hour, similar to those for other State employees, and less than 2 percent of total compensa tion of State hospital workers. Unemployment programs were a minor portion of the total compensation of hospital employees, amounting to 1 cent an hour, or 1.2 percent of total compensation. Over half of all State hospital agency workers were in States without expenditures for either unemployment insurance or severance pay. Regional differences Though total employee compensation varied widely among the nine economic regions defined by the Office of Management and Budget,13 compensation structures were fairly similar, with the exception of one region, as shown below and in tables lOa-lOi: Total compensation Pay for working time (percent o f compensation) Middle Atlantic . . . Pacific ..................... East North C e n tra l................. New E n g la n d .......... $6.66 6.14 70.4 76.2 5.76 5.60 75.7 75.0 National average . . . 5.40 74.9 M o u n ta in ................. West North C e n tra l................. South Atlantic . . . . West South C e n tra l................. East South C e n tra l................. 5.12 76.9 4.74 4.72 77.4 75.4 4.33 76.8 4.28 76.6 Region Compensation was highest in the Middle Atlantic region ($6.66 an hour)—56 percent more than the low of $4.28 per hour recorded in the East South Central States. Pay for working time ranges between 75.0 and 77.4 percent of total compensation in every region but the Middle Atlantic, where it represented only 70.4 percent of compensation: in this instance, State pension plan expenditures were 9.6 percent of compensation, as compared to 5.9 percent in the next highest region. The high proportion of compensation devoted to State pension plans in the Middle Atlantic region largely reflects pension expenditures in New York State, which accounted for 14.0 percent of compensation. The next greatest relative expenditure for such plans was in Maine, 9.6 percent. However, employees of Maine, unlike those of New York, were not covered by the Federal social security program. In all other States without social security outlays, payments to State pension plans exceeded the national percentage of compensation for this item. How ever, with the exception of Maine, none of these States exceeded the national pattern for total retirement expendi tures. Other significant differences from the national pattern were few. Contrary to the naitional pattern, paid leave was second in importance to pay for working time in all but the Middle Atlantic and East North Central regions, where retirement programs ranked second t In the Middle Atlantic region, as previously noted, the difference was attributable to unusu ally high expenditures for retirement; in the East North Central region it was due to the low level of leave expenditures—7.9 percent of compensation, compared to 8.9 percent nationally. Expenditures for life insurance and health benefit plans ranged from 5.8 percent of compensation in the East South Central region to 8.2 percent in New England, the only region in which such programs were relatively more important than retirement plans. Contrary to the pattern for all employees, highway workers in the Pacific region had a higher level of compensation than those in the Middle Atlantic region— $6.69 and $6.37 per hour of work, respectively (tables 1 la-1 li). In both of these regions, hourly expenditures for each major component of compensation were higher than those in the seven other regions. Compared to the Middle Atlantic States, in the Pacific region pay for working time and for leave was higher, although there were lower expenditures for retirement and health and insurance benefits. In 5 of the 9 regions, pay for leave, retirement outlays, life insurance and health benefits, and expenses for unem ployment benefits shared the same order of magnitude after pay for working time as the national pattern for highway workers. However, in the Middle Atlantic, East North Central, and the East South Central regions, retirement outlays were the leading components after pay for working time. In New England, where pay for leave was the chief component of pay for other than working time, life insurance and health benefits replaced retirement outlays as the second most important compensation expenditure, mainly reflecting the low outlays for social security con tributions in the region. The order of importance of the various components after pay for working time for high way agencies is shown in the following tabulation: Region Pay for leave Retire (except sick ment leave) programs Life insurance and Unemploy health ment benefit programs programs All regions . . 1 2 3 4 South A tla n tic ............... West North Central . . . West South Central . . . M ou ntain ........................ P a c ific ............................. 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 Middle A t la n t ic ............ East North C entral___ East South C entral. . . . New En glan d ................. 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 Hospital employees in the Middle Atlantic States were paid $6.17 an hour, 12 percent more than in the next highest region (the Pacific States, with $5.50 per hour) and nearly 80 percent more than the national average of $4.80 an hour. Every component of a hospital employee’s pay was higher in the Middle Atlantic States than ill the other regions (tables 12a-12iand 13a-13i). Although pay for working time in the Middle Atlantic States was the highest nationally, the proportion of total compensation in the form of pay for working time was lowest (69.5 percent) chiefly because of exceptionally large outlays for retirement programs (58 cents an hour, or almost 14 percent of total compensation), particularly State retirement plans, which accounted for three-fourths of all retirement outlays (compared to two-thirds nation ally). This high proportion largely reflects exceptionally heavy retirement outlays in the State of New York. The large outlays for retirement in the Middle Atlantic and East North Central States made retirement expendi tures the largest component, on a national basis, of total compensation after pay for work, despite the fact that in each of the seven other regions they were less than expenditures for leave. Since State employees in Maine and Massachusetts do not have Federal social security benefits, outlays for life insurance and health benefit plans in New England exceeded those for retirement but did not match pay for leave hours. Part II. Paid Hours of Work and Leave A ll agencies Nearly 85 percent of all hours (paid or earned) for which State governments compensated their employees were working hours. Hours paid for at straight-time rates amounted to nearly 84 percent of total paid time, and only 1 percent of paid time was worked as overtime or outside the regular workweek. (See tables 14 through 18.) Five of every 6 employees were in the 41 States where paid worktime ranged from 83 percent to 86.9 percent of all paid time. Nearly three-fifths of these were in the 27 States where the proportion was from 85 to 86.9 percent, as shown in the tabulation: Number o f States Percent o f employment T o t a l ........................ 50 100.0 Less than 80 percent ............ 80 to 82.9 ............................... 83 to 83.9 ............................... 84 to 84.9 ............................... 85 to 85.9 ............................... 86 to 86.9 ............................... 87 to 87.9 ............................... 2 4 5 9 16 11 3 2.8 3.5 19.2 16.1 26.2 21.8 7.4 Ratio o f worktime to all paid time The ratio of working time to all paid hours was highest in South Carolina (87.4 percent) and lowest in Maryland (77.1 percent). The relatively high proportion of working time to all paid hours in North Carolina reflected the low proportion of total paid time which all major forms of leave constituted. The reverse of this pattern was demonstrated by Maryland, where sick leave was more than double the national level, and other types of leave well exceeded the national average. All States provided their employees some form of paid vacation, in addition to sick and holiday leave (table 6). Only three States, with 7 percent of all employees, did not pay for civic, personal, or military leave during the survey period.14 Vacation hours earned made up 5.6 percent of all paid hours; earned sick leave accounted for 5.2 percent and holidays 3.9 percent. Civic, military, and personal leave hours (annualized) accounted for only 0.4 percent of all hours. Vacations ranged from a low of 3;9 percent of all paid 'hours for employees of the State of Ohio to a high of 7.8 percent in Hawaii. However, 96 percent of all employees were in States where earned vacation hours ranged from 4 to less than 7 percent of all paid hours, and 59 percent were in States in which the proportion of vacation hours ranged from 5 to less than 6 percent. Although paid holiday hours ranged from 2 percent to 6 percent of all paid hours overall, more than half of all employees worked in States where paid holidays accounted for 3 to 4 percent of all paid hours, one-third of all employees were in States where holidays were more than 4 and less than 5 percent of all paid hours. Nearly 90 percent of all State employees were in States where earned sick leave hours ranged from 4 to less than 6 percent of all paid hours. Highway agencies and hospitals With only one exception, the pattern of allocation of paid hours for personnel of State highway departments and hospitals resembled that for all agencies—nationally, by region, and by State. Overall, about 15 percent of paid hours consisted of leave, and the distribution of the various types of leave closely matched that for all agencies. Deviating from the general pattern was overtime work in highway departments, which accounted for 2.1 percent of all paid hours, compared to 0.8 percent of paid hours in all agencies. The importance of work hours in highways and hospitals is shown in tables 15 and 16 and in the following tabulation: Highways Ratio o f work hours to all paid hours Number of States T o t a l ................. Less than 81 percent . . . 8 1 -8 2 .9 .................................. 8 3 . 0 - 83.9 .......................... 8 4 . 0 - 84.9 .......................... 8 5 . 0 - 85.9 .......................... 8 6 . 0 - 86.9 ......................... 8 7 . 0 - 88.9 ......................... Percent of employment Hospitals Number of States Percent of employm ent 50 100.0 50 100.0 3 2.4 8.8 11.2 21.7 16.5 27.6 11.8 3 4 4 8 15 10 6 6.3 3.2 24.5 12.1 25.7 23.7 4.5 4 8 8 8 13 6 All State highway and hospital agencies reported that their employees had used paid vacation or annual leave during the year, and almost all workers were employed by States where annual or vacation leave ranged from 4.0 percent to 6.9 percent of all paid hours. Observance of paid holidays was universal in all highway agencies and hospitals: over 90 percent of all highway employees and nearly all hospitals workers were employed in agencies reporting leave hours ranging from 2.0 percent to 5.9 percent of all paid hours. Over four-fifths (83 percent) of all highway and hospital workers were in agencies which reported sick leave hours ranging from 4 percent to less than 6 percent of all paid hours. Two States—Iowa and Maryland—permitted their employees to earn as much as 30 days of sick leave a year. As a result, highway workers in Iowa and Maryland recorded sick leave as 10.7 percent and 9.4 percent respectively of total paid leave; in State hospitals, the ratios for these two States were 10.5 and 11.6 percent. Much less common was the use of civic, personal, and military leave in highway agencies and hospitals. During the survey period, over 40 percent of all highway workers and over 31 percent of hospital workers were in organizations where no such leave hours were reported during the pay period surveyed. Regional patterns Worktime as a proportion of all paid hours did not vary more than 1.7 percent from the national level in any of the functional sectors. This relationship can be seen in table 14 and in the following tabulation (worktime as percent of paid hours): National average .......... Highest re g io n .............. Lowest region .............. A ll agencies Highways Hospitals 84.9 86.1 83.5 85.1 86.3 83.9 84.6 86.3 83.0 Deviation from the national average (percentage points) Highest re g io n .............. Lowest region .............. 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.6 The deviations for straight-time hours were somewhat wider, but did not exceed the maximum of 3.5 percentage points registered for highway workers in New England, as shown below: AH agencies Highways Hospitals Deviation from the national average (percentage points) Highest re g io n .............. Lowest region .............. 1.4 1.6 1.8 3.5 2.0 1.5 Although overtime amounted to only 1.1 percent of all paid time nationally, it varied among regions. In the three northeastern regions—New England, Middle Atlantic, and East North Central—and in the Pacific region, overtime was consistently a higher proportion of paid time than in the other regions. This pattern is shown in the following tabulation (overtime as a percent of all paid hours): AH agencies All regions . . Northeastern and Pacific regions........................ All other re g io n s .......... Highways Hospitals 1.1 2.1 1.0 1.6 0.6 2.8 1.6 1.4 0.5 In New England all but one State reported ratios of overtime to all paid time which were above those represent ing the Nation as a whole. In the Middle Atlantic region, the percentage for overtime in one State was double the national level and in two States, the ratio equaled or slightly exceeded the national average. In the East North Central region, overtime in excess of the national average was reported in two States, and in one State, the national percentage was equaled. The high level in the Pacific region reflects unusually high percentages in 3 of the 5 States. A similar pattern exists for overtime in highway agencies as a group, but in New England unusually high figures were reported for two States and only one State had a percentage below the national average. In the Middle Atlantic region the ratio of overtime to total paid hours was 2.3 percent, slightly above the national level for highways. In the East North Central region, all but one State had ratios substantially in excess of the national average; all States but one in the Pacific region reported overtime ratios well in excess of the national level. Part III. Selected Compensation Policies and Practices This portion of the study examines the incidence of State policies concerning hours of work, paid leave, and retirement and insurance programs. Because it is difficult to obtain data on the precise number of employees in each State covered by a given policy, policies which affect a majority of the employees in a State were assumed to apply to all employees. This probably overstates coverage for one or more of the following reasons: Some agencies do not follow policies applicable to the majority of workers in the State; temporary, part-time, or probationary employees failing to meet length-of-service requirements may not be covered by a particular policy or benefit; finally, some employees may decline coverage for certain optional benefits. Standard hours The standard workweek (as defined by law or regula tions) for the average State government worker in 1972 was 39.3 hours. Thirty-nine States, with more than threefourths of all workers, had a workweek of 40 hours, while the remainder had workweeks of 35 to 38.8 hours. Although no State had a generally applicable standard workweek in excess of 40 hours, some State agencies had a 44-hour standard workweek. The pattern of workweek hours for all State agencies combined is shown in the following tabulation: Number of States Percent of employment T o t a l................................. 50 100.0 35 ....................................................... 3 7 . 5 .................................................... 3 8 . 8 .................................................... 4 0 ....................................................... 2 8 1 39 4.8 18.2 .5 76.5 Number o f hours in the standard workweek Vacation leave In 1972 State government employees who had com pleted 1 year of service earned an average of 12.4 days of vacation (annual) leave; those who had completed 5 years, 14.8 days; 15 years, 18.7 days; 20 years, 19.8 days; and those who had completed more than 25 years, 20.3 days (table 19). Over 57 percent of all employees worked in 28 States which provided less than 13 days of vacation leave after completion of 1 year of service. After 5 years of service 40 States, with over 80 percent of all employees, provided 15 days or more of vacation leave. After 25 years of service, workers in 38 States representing nearly 81 percent of all employees could earn 20 or more days of annual leave. If length of service is disregarded, the maximum amount of leave which could be earned in 1 year ranged from 15 to 30 days.15 The largest number of States (28, employing more than 60 percent of all employees) provided a maximum of 20 or 21 days, as shown in the following tabulation: Number of States Percent of employment T o ta l................................. 50 100.0 15 d a y s ............................................. 1 6 - 1 7 ................................................ 18 ....................................................... 20 ....................................................... 21 ....................................................... 2 4 ...................................................... 2 5 - 2 9 ............................................... 30 or m o re ......................................... 5 1 6 15 13 6 3 1 6.0 1.7 11.7 43.3 17.1 14.1 5.5 .5 Maximum number o f annual leave days earned NOTE: Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. Although all States permitted employees to accumulate leave from 1 year to the next, a maximum amount of leave which an employee could accumulate was stipulated by all but three States. The greatest number of States (34), with 75 percent of all workers, established ceilings between 30 and 45 days. The distribution of States and their employees by the maximum leave which could be accumulated is shown in the following tabulation: Percent o f employment in Maximum number o f days o f leave All S ta te s ........................ With no c e ilin g s ........................ With ceilings.............................. With ceilings of: Less than 30 days . . . _____ 30 d ay s................. 3 1 —45 days . . . . 60 d ays................. 90 d ays................. 120 d ays.............. Number of States AH States States with ceilings 50 3 47 100.0 5.5 94.5 — 100.0 9 22 12 2 1 1 14.9 37.4 38.1 1.7 .6 1.8 15.8 39.6 40.2 1.8 .7 1.9 _ In 15 States, with 35.4 percent of all State employees, the maximum amount of leave accumulation was geared directly or indirectly to length of service. States with graduated ceilings are included in the preceding tabulation according to the maximum number of days which could be accumulated. Twenty-four States representing 52 percent of all em ployees required a minimum of 6 months’ service before annual leave could be earned or taken. Eighteen States, accounting for 37 percent of all State government em ployees, required 1 month of service or less. This is shown b y the follow ing tabulation: Number of States Percent of employment T o t a l................................. 50 100.0 None re q u ire d ................................. 1 m o n th ............................... 3 m o n th s .......................... .’ 6 m o n th s ............................. 12 m o n th s ............................. 9 9 21.0 15.7 3.1 52.4 7.7 Eligibility period 3 24 5 NOTE: Percentages do not add to 100 due to rounding. Holidays The 50 States granted an average of 11.3 holidays per employee in 1972. The most common practice (found in 15 States with one-quarter of the employees) was to give 11 holidays. The distributions of States and their workers by the number of holidays granted are shown in text table 1. All 50 States in 1972 observed 5 holidays: New Year’s Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Text table 1. Number o f paid holidays, by number o f States and percent of employment. State governments, 1972 Number of States Percent of employment T o ta l.................................. 50 100.0 7 . 5 ....................................................... 8 ....................................................... 9 ....................................................... 101 .................................................... 11 ....................................................... 122 .................................................... 13 ....................................................... 1 4 ....................................................... 1 5 ........................................... ........... 2 3 7 5 15 9 4 4 1 2.8 8.2 11.0 7.6 25.8 19.2 10.3 10.6 4.5 Number of paid legal holidays Average days per employee: 11.3 1 Includes Rhode Island with 10.5 days. It accounted for 0.7 percent of employment. 2 Includes California with 12.25 days and Vermont with 12.5 days. These States accounted for 8.1 percent of employment. SOURCES: U.S. Bureau of Census; State Laws and regulations; Council of State Governments, Fringe Benefits in State Government Employment. Lexington, Kentucky, the Council of State Govern ments, January 1972 (Report No. RM -479). Text table 2. Paid holidays, by number of States and percent of employment. State governments, 1972 Holiday Five major holidays1 ...................... Washington's B irth d a y ................... Lincoln's B irth d a y .......................... Good Friday2 .................................. Memorial Day .................................. Columbus D a y .................................. Primary Election Day3 ................. General Election Day4 ................... Veterans' Day .................................. States with 1 holiday in addition to the a b o v e ............... States with 2 additional h o lid a y s ...................................... States with 3 additional holidays5 .................................... States with 5 or more additional h olid a y s................... Number of States Percent of Employment 50 41 23 17 48 34 7 25 49 100.0 81.0 50.4 36.3 95.7 74.2 16.2 58.2 98.4 22 43.9 7 10.9 5 10.0 2 6.2 1 Major holidays are New Year's Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. 2Six States with 13.1 percent o f all employees grant Good Friday as only a partial holiday. 3One State (Alabama) grants only part of primary day as a holiday. 4 One State (Alabama) grants only part of general election day as a holiday. 5 One State (North Carolina) may grant 2 or 3 extra holidays. SOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Census; State laws and regulations; Council of State Governments. Fringe Benefits in State Government Employment Lexington, Kentucky, 1972 (Report RM -479). Christmas Day. All but one granted Veterans Day and all but two granted Memorial Day. The incidence of these and other holidays is shown in text table 2. Among the “additional holidays” alluded to in table 2 above are a State Admission Day observed in eight States, with 17.8 percent of all workers; Confederate Memorial Day (5 States, with 9.8 percent of employment); Robert E. Lee’s Birthday (8 States with 17.5 percent of employment); and Jefferson Davis’ Birthday (5 States, with 9.4 percent of employment); the Friday after Thanksgiving (4 States with 10.4 percent of employment); and the day after Christmas (2 States with 6.3 percent of employment). Sick leave All 50 States granted their employees an average of 14.2 days of sick leave a year in 1972. The most common amounts were 12 and 15 days, each of which was given in 17 States, employing about one-third of the workers. All but four States granted employees the same amount of sick leave regardless of length of service. The four States (with 6.6 percent of employment) which graduated the amount of sick leave earned by length of service are included in the following tabulation according to the maximum amount of sick leave that could be earned: Number of States Percent of employment T o ta l.................................. 50 100.0 ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... ....................................................... 2 17 3 1 17 1 4 2 3 4.4 35.4 14.0 .5 33.0 .7 5.0 2.5 4 .5 Number o f days o f sick leave earned p er year 1 0 1 2 1 3 14 1 5 1 6 1 8 21 3 0 The imposition of limits on the maximum accumulation of sick leave was not as universal as the setting of maximums for annual leave accumulation. Half of the States with nearly half of all employees did not impose any limits at all, and even when limits were imposed, they were more generous than was the case for annual leave. Thus 21 States with 43.5 percent of all employees, and 85 percent of all those in States imposing ceilings on accumulations, permitted accumulations of 90 days or more. In fact, the average for all States with ceilings was 104.7 days. The following tabulation shows the distribution of States by maximum accumulation of sick leave permitted: Percent o f employment Number of States A ll States States with ceilings T o t a l ................... 50 100.0 - No lim its ............................... With limits ( t o t a l) .............. 36 days or less___ 45 days ................... 60 days ................... 90 days ................... 100 d a y s ................... 120 d a y s ................... More than 120 days ( 1 6 5 ) ................... 25 25 2 1 1 9 2 9 48.7 51.3 5.0 1.6 1.2 16.1 3.9 14.6 100.0 9.7 3.2 2.4 31.3 7.5 28.5 1 8.9 17.3 Maximum number o f days o f sick leave accumulation — NOTE: Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. Retirement and insurance programs Programs providing retirement and insurance benefits may be classified as contributory or noncontributory (table 20). Contributory programs are those which are jointly financed by the State governments and their employees; noncontributory programs are fully financed by the State. (Programs administered by the States but funded entirely by contributions of employees are not considered State programs.) For purposes of this report, the status of a system as contributory or noncontributory depends upon the method by which the basic or minimum benefit is funded. Benefits which go beyond the minimum but which are paid for by the workers are not considered as benefits provided by the State; rather, they are regarded as similar to outside insurance or annuities which employees might otherwise purchase on their own. These most often take the form of coverage of dependents, or provide additional coverage (for example, supplemental life insurance benefits) at the option of the worker. State payments, whether or not contributory, may be expressed as: (1) a percentage of salary (or a part thereof); (2) a dollar-and-cents rate for each dollar of coverage; or (3) a fixed payment per employee. In contributory programs the State may pay a fixed percentage of the premium, with the employee responsible for the remainder. Retirement programs are provided by all of the States; 'all but one, New York’s,16 are contributory (table 20). Retirement programs are mainly financed by contributions by employees and state governments which are actuarially determined. These contributions are not necessarily match ing: some State governments merely provide the difference between the workers’ contributions and the amounts required to meet the costs of currently payable benefits, or to keep the retirement fund in a financially sound state. In 1972, according to Census Bureau records, 45 States with 88 percent of all employees provided Federal social security coverage which employees had a right to elect or reject. Health and medical insurance programs, most commonly Blue Cross-Blue Shield, were carried by 40 States having over four-fifths (82.9 percent) of all State workers. Eigh teen States, encompassing more than half of all employees, cover all costs of the basic or minimum coverage. In most States where additional employee coverage or coverage for dependents is available, the employee pays for all of the additional coverage. In some instances, a State may make a contribution for the coverage of dependents or for addi tional benefits for the employee. In most States such additional coverage of the employee is optional. Group life insurance programs are found in 31 States employing nearly two-thirds (65 percent) of all State workers. Twenty-seven States, with nearly three-fifths of all employees, had contributory programs. Group disability income insurance—or nonoccupational sickness and accident insurance—is a form of income maintenance insurance that supplements sick leave. Accord ing to Census Bureau records, only nine States with less than one-fifth (18.3 percent) of all employees provide all or part of the costs of such insurance. In four States with slightly less than half of the employees in States with such programs, the employees and the State governments share the costs. Part IV. Comparisons with the Federal Government and Private Sectors Great care must be taken in comparing data on the structure of compensation in State governments with similar BLS data for the Federal Government, the total private nonfarm sector, and that part of the private sector which consists of establishments within the scope of the BLS survey which is conducted to provide data for pay comparisons between private industry and the Federal Government17 (hereinafter called “the comparison frame”). Although data for most of the components of compen sation in State governments are generally comparable with those for the Federal Government and private industry, data on pay for vacation and sick leave and civic and personal leave are not. In State governments, data on pay for vacations and sick leave were estimated for the year on the basis of vacation and sick leave time earned during the pay period including October 15, 1972; data on pay for civic and personal leave for the year were estimated on the basis of leave time used during the same pay period. In the Federal Government and private industry, data on these types of leave relate to pay actually received by employees during the year. It is not possible to assess precisely how State data as estimated differ from those that would have been obtained had it been possible to collect data on pay actually received during the year. Information for Federal Government employees,18 the only group for which such data are available, indicates that the estimation procedure for the States exaggerates pay and hours for sick leave, and to a lesser extent, for vacations. In fiscal year 1973, time earned by Federal employees exceeded time used by 33 percent and 5 percent for sick leave and vacations respec tively. On the other hand, estimated annual data for civic and personal leave in the States (based on time used during October 1972) are probably understated, since most mili tary leave (one of its chief components) for reserve and National Guard maneuvers occurs during the summer. The structure of compensation of State government employees in 1972 more nearly resembled that of the Federal Government than that of the private nonfarm sector (table 21). Pay for working time was slightly less than three-fourths of all compensation in State govern ments and in the Federal Government, however, it repre sented approximately four-fifths of all compensation in the entire private nonfarm sector, and somewhat more than three-fourths in the comparison frame. Vacation and sick time earned by State employees would have had to exceed time used by more than one-third before the ratio of pay for work time to total compensation would have equaled that in the comparison frame. Retirement programs were the chief form of compensa tion beyond pay for working time for all four employer groups. The proportion of compensation devoted by the States as a group to such programs was smaller than in the Federal Government but larger than in the private sector, which included a large proportion of employers without a private retirement plan who paid only social security taxes. In the States these programs were 9.1 percent of total compensation, compared to 10.6 percent in the Federal Government. The primary difference between the two governments was the vehicle by which retirement programs were financed. In the States, about two-thirds of all retirement outlays went to State-administered plans, with the remainder devoted to the social security system. Practically all Federal retirement outlays represent contri butions to the Civil Service Retirement System and similar plans. Since not all State employees were covered by social security at the time of the survey, social security was proportionately less in the States. However, the difference was more than offset by State retirement plans which, expressed as a percentage of compensation, exceeded private plans by over one-third in the comparison frame and by almost seven-eighths in all private industry. Pay for vacations was proportionately less in State governments than in the Federal Government, but was greater than that provided in either of the private industry groups. Because vacations contributed significantly to total pay for leave time, all paid leave followed the same pattern. Holidays, however, accounted for a greater part of compen sation in State government than in any other employer group. As was noted previously, vacation leave was prob ably somewhat overestimated (perhaps by about 5 percent) for the States; however, the amount of overestimation would have had to have been in excess of 20 percent to alter the relationship between State government and the other groups. Health and insurance programs were a greater proportion of compensation in State governments than in the Federal Government or either private sector group. However, much of the difference is attributable to the fact that for the States data on sick leave relate to time earned, but for the other sectors they relate to time used. If sick leave earned by State employees had exceeded sick leave used by one-third (as was the case for Federal Government em ployees—page 14), then sick leave used would have been about the same proportion in the States as in the Federal Government. Therefore, proportional expenditures for all health and insurance programs for all States would have approximated those in the Federal Government and in the comparison frame (between 5.2 and 5.4 percent of compen sation), although they still would have been higher than the 4.7 percent in the total private sector. Insurance repre- sented 1.6 percent of compensation in the States and 1.9 percent in the Federal Government, compared to 3.0 percent in the total private economy and 3.9 percent in the comparison frame. ' Matching the pattern in the Federal Government, State expenditures for unemployment programs and bonuses were no more than 0.5 percent of compensation. In both sectors of private industry these two programs, plus savings and thrift plans which do not exist in government, accounted for a little over 2 percent of compensation. FOOTNOTES TO TEXT 1Total employment (i.e. full- and part-time workers) in institu tions of higher education was 39 percent of all employment in State governments in 1972. See 1972 Census o f Governments, Compen dium o f Public Employment, No. 2 of volume 3, Public Employ ment (Bureau of the Census, 1974) p. 15. 2In the Federal Government, there is a limit of 30 days (240 hours) of annual leave which may be carried over from year to year. There is no limit for sick leave. 3These were adjusted to annual rates according to the length of the pay period. Thus, data for weekly pay periods were multiplied by 52; for biweekly pay periods, by 26; and for monthly periods, by 12. 4 Bureau of the Census, op. cit. p. 15. sWorking time consists of all paid hours less leave hours. Time spent in the office or the plant of the State agencies on coffee breaks, rest periods, etc. is considered as work hours in accordance with the provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA). 6Although some States were covered by the Federal unemploy ment insurance program, they were not liable for their contributions until after June 30,1972. 7For data on the private sector see Employee Compensation in the Private Nonfarm Economy, 7972, Bull. 1873, (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1975), p. 5 and table 22. 8The 5 States for which no social security contributions were reported were Colorado, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, and Ohio. In 1972, it was estimated that 75 percent of full time State government employees (including higher education) were covered by social security. 9In calendar year 1971, the maximum amount of wages taxable for social security was $7,800 per year; 1972 the ceiling was $9,000. In most States, fiscal year 1972 ended on June 30. 10 Moreover, personal leave in some States may be counted as annual leave. 11 Three-fourths of full-time workers (including those in higher education) were covered by health, hospitals, or disability insurance financed at least in part by State governments (See Bureau of the Census, op. cit. p. 19.) 12 Regulations specifically covering leave of highway workers were not collected during the study. 13Regions. The nine economic regions used in this study, and the States which they comprise, are: New England-Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont; Middle Atlantic-New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania; East North Cen tra/-Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin; West North Central-Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Da kota, South Dakota; South Atlantic-Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia; East South Central- Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, Tennessee; West South Central-Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas; Mountain-Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming; Pacific-Alaska, Hawaii, California, Oregon, Wash ington. 14The pay period including Oct. 15,1972. 15 The maximum amount of leave earned in 1 year is not the same as maximum leave accumulation. The latter is a ceiling on the amount of leave which may be carried from year to year by the employee. 16 New York’s plan had been contributory until Jan. 1, 1964. Although it is noncontributory for workers employed since that date, some participants under the older arrangement elected to continue their contributions, mainly to purchase additional benefits. 17 See National Survey o f Professional, Administrative, Technical and Clerical Pay, March 1974, Bull. 1837, (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1974). The scope of this survey is defined in footnote 2 of table 21 of the present study. For a comparison of the structure of compensation in the Federal Government and the private nonfarm sector, see Employee Compensation in the Private Non farm Economy, 1972. 18Man-years and Personnel Costs-Executive Branch-U.S. Government, Fiscal 1974, (U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Executive Development and Labor Relations Division, Dec. 12, 1974). Table 1. Employee compensation in State governments, by type of agency, 1972 o so n ® rt r-J © W £ "Srt 35 1* 2i « rt 8 o *M»Oh 5-on) »©cor<j 2 «© aO ® g 0 y ® © ^ e*u «>° © *5*»g* *2 Qa 2M‘S°g’?3§ g £ © a. 3 C T3 ®a a . * S*w>> ©®JOLrt I'g •HM7 “ Q ^ a .• • .a •jj o ^ © £3 •>_ 4-> jS I nx S S jS £3 2 3 +, «» 2 2 o ® S * SJ 0,5 ©■* 9* h * »to 55o.2*2p52S f*-o 0 92 2 © bo NOTE: B ecause of rounding, sum s of individual item s may not equal totals. A sterisk (*) indicates le s s than 0. 05 percent or $0. 005. >2« -g *g° “5 .2 2 . -a« +s> © #e 5» ®g 2>. ^2 o& W -2 form s and con sist of pay for working tim e; pay for vacations, holidays, sick leave, and civic and personal leave, sev eran ce pay, and other com pensation (including nonproduction bonuses). CSJ© mu Number of States and percent of employment in States with average hourly expenditures for the item of— Agency and compensation item Expenditures per hour worked and totals of workers and States Less than $2. 50 $2. 50 2.99 $3.00 $3. 50 - - 3.49 3. 99 $4. 00 $4. 50 $5. 00 $5. 50 $ 6 . 00 $ 6 . 50 - - - - - - 4. 49 4. 99 5.49 5.99 11 6 . 49 6.99 $7.00 and over A ll agencies Total compensation Employment------S ta te s----------------Pay for working time Employment------ — States • Straight-time pay ■ Employment — S ta te s------------- $5. 40 - 3. 2 17. 2 - 2 12 26. 1 15 18. 6 9 4.8 3 19.9 13 26. 5 17 18. 4 26.8 3. 1 4.8 3 25. 1 15 21. 4 15 18.4 8 7 1 1.9 5. 5 2 20.0 10 10 . 1 1 5 19.1 9 7.8 4 21. 3 21. 5 7 19. 5 19. 4 10.0 11 12 8 7 7.8 4 21. 3 23. 1 17.8 9.7 11 8 11 19.7 9 .8 1 8. 2 22. 3 18. 3 9 10 11 10 . 1 8 10. 5 4 3. 3 3 23.8 15 22.6 21 . 1 11 14.6 3 14. 5 4 - . _ 5.0 5 29.4 14 23. 7 13 19.7 16.5 4 12.6 - - 100.0 50 $4.04 100.0 50 $4.01 100.0 50 8 7 26.8 .1 17. 0 5. 4 6 2 _ 1 3. 1 11. 4 3 .5 1 _ 9. 1 4 7. 2 7 0. 5 1 Highways Total compensation ■ Employment---- — States-----------------Pay for working time Employment ----- ---States • Straight-time pa y Employment — S ta te s------------- $5. 37 100.0 - 50 $4.05 100.0 50 $4.01 100.0 50 18. 1 9. 1 10 2 _ 1 0 .6 _ 1 .6 6 Hospitals Total compensation ■ Employment — — States --------------Pay for working time Employment States • Straight-time pay ■ Employment — States ------------- $4.80 100.0 50 $3. 56 100.0 50 $3. 52 100.0 50 - NOTE: Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. 13 Dash (-) indicates zero. 10 3 2. 6 1 " 11. 3 3 15.8 2 0. 1 1 - Agency and compensation item Percent of compensation and totals of workers and States Less than 64 54 and less than 66 Percent of employees in States and number of; States in whiclit the percent of total compensation accounted for by the item wiis— 70 66 68 72 76 74 78 80 or 70 68 72 74 78 80 19.2 47.3 g 13.9 21 11 1 11.7 0.4 8 1 76 more A ll agencies Pay for working time — ---- —— ------Employment Straight-time pay —— — — — —— — Employment — — — — —— — S ta te s----- — --------------------- -------- 74.9 7.8 100.0 - 4.6 3 50 74.3 7.8 100.0 2.9 2 0.4 26.4 2 9.1 3 11 35.6 19 1 .8 1 5.6 3 1.9 3 5.4 30.2 13 35.6 16 12.3 2 8 5.3 3 1.8 1 1.6 4.9 4 1 .0 12.9 5 27.7 15 38.3 15 7.3 5 2 .6 2 - 12.6 1 3. 1 1. 3 13.3 2 6 13.6 5 25.4 16 26.0 16 4.7 2 7. 7 5 11.7 25. 2 19.7 20.0 - 6 12 10 1 2.4 3 4.3 4 50 2 .2 -1 3.8 Highways Pay for working time — — —— — — Employment ------------ ----------------States — —— — — — — — Straight-time p a y ----------- --------------Employment — ---- ---- ----------------States —..... ...... —-------— — --------- 75.4 100.0 50 74.7 - 1.9 1 100.0 1.9 50 1 1 1 Hospitals Pay for working time —----- ------------- 74.3 100.0 States----------------------------------------Straight-time p a y ----------------- — ---Employment —----------— ------------S ta tes---------------------------------------- 50 73.5 100.0 50 " 1 2.6 1 3. 1 2 , NOTE: Percentages may not add to 100 due.to rounding. Dash ( - ) indicates zero. “ 14 2 Average expenditures A ll States Percent of employment in State governments* States that had expend itures That had expenditures for the item of— had expend itu re s 100 100 100 Premium pay • Overtime, holiday, and weekend work • Shift differentials----------- ---------------— — .03 .03 .02 .01 .02 .01 Pay for leave (except sick leave)** Vacations e a rn e d -------------------Holidays Civic and personal leave • .48 .28 .18 .48 .28 . 18 .02 .02 100 100 100 100 .49 .16 .33 .49 .18 .33 100 100 100 .37 .09 .25 .37 -.10 100 100 100 100 Employer expenditures for retirement pro grams Social security -— ----- State retirement plans < Employer expenditures for life insurance and health benefit programs Life, accident, and health insurance < Sick leave e a r n e d ----------------------------Workers* compensation ------- —--------Employer expenditures for unemployment benefits Unemployment insurance Severance p a y ----------------Other, including nonproduction bonuses • .02 .01 . 01 (* ) .01 .25 .02 .01 .01 (*) .01 100 100 100 (* ) 17 - Less th a n “ 8— “ n r " “ TZ“ ~ T “ T 16 16 18 “ n r “ 25” — z r ~ “ 35“ ~ W 55 55“ c e n ts c e n ts 6 8 15 36 26 7 10 4 8 10 12 1 <*) 14 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 29 17 30 8 - 25 (* ) 8 . _ - 10 above (* ) _ . _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - 10 - - - - - - 3 3 13 14 15 14 28 35 36 3 7 63 7 13 9 - 7 3 8 39 . . - 8 9 5 - 5 12 35 (* ) 16 1 - 3 5 24 22 - 3 19 27 - 13 2 “ 8 13 4 35 17 35 9 16 3 2 - - . 25 1 1 2 - - . _ 11 (* ) _ -------75 and 4 47 52 75 14 under 2 ■ _ ~ _ 3 _ (* ) _ “ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 2 11 8 6 2 29 12 9 1 - 6 - - - - - - - - 3 5 9 14 2 52 23 14 10 29 37 77 52 48 23 8 4 11 11 32 61 2 - - _ _ . 2 NOTE: Detail may not add to totals due to rounding. Dash (- ) indicates zero. Asterisk (* ) indicates less than 0 . 05 percent. ---- 2 an d . 4 - 2 13 8 Average expenditures Compensation item Dll A ll States S tates tadt nda expendi tures Percent o f employment in T otal That had no expend it u r e s .5 .4 .5 .4 .2 .2 100 100 100 Pay f o r le a v e (e x c e p t sic k le a v e ) -------------V acation s earned -----------------------------------------H olid ays --------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e --------------------------- 8.9 5. 1 3.4 .4 8.9 5. 1 3.4 .4 100 100 100 100 Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r retire m e n t programs ----------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r it y -------------------------------------------S ta te re tire m e n t p la n s ------------------------------- 9. 1 3.0 9-1 3.4 6. 1 6 .1 100 100 100 6 .8 1 .6 6 .8 1 .8 4.7 .5 4.7 .5 100 100 100 100 .2 .2 .2 .1 .2 Employer e x p e n d itu res fo r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e f it programs --------------------— L i f e , a c c id e n t,a n d h e alth in su ran ce — — Sick le a v e earned ---------------------- ----------------Workers' c o m p e n sa tio n ----------------------------- — Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r unemployment b e n e fit s ----------------------------------------------------------Unemployment in su ra n c e ------------------------------Severance pay -----------------------------------------------O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses ----- .1 (* ) .1 (* ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 and under 2 percent 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 . - . - . - - - - - - “ _ 53 -* 7 7 ” 10 23 - 55 ~ 4 ~ 7 19 11 13 17 - 7 - 17 - 1 8 2 88 11 2 17 98 83 _ 7 _ 85 7 _ 23 - <*> ~ 3 14 43 - 2 15 92 100 100 100 29 37 77 70 62 23 f - 100 32 63 4 11 11 - governments— Less than percent Premium p a y -------------------------------------------- ---------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend w o r k -------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ------------------------------------- State That had expen ditu res f o r the item o f — . ~ 6 1 2 20 “ — - 2 _ 3 62 “ _ 37 15 - 62 16 27 3 9 24 “ 42 ~ — - - 12 7 2 10 and over- 32 28 18 2 - ~ 6 21 - ~ — ~ — - — - - - - — ” - 41 5 13 - _ ~ 4 - — - — - — - - - 4 * - Average expenditures Compensation item Percent o f employment i n S ta te governments— That States had that Less 2 and no A ll had T otal than under States expend expend 4 2 i t u r e s c en ts cents it u r e s Premium p a y -------------- ---------------------------------------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend w o r k -------S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l s -------------------- -— ---------- .04 .03 (* ) .04 .04 .01 100 100 100 Pay f o r le a v e (e x c e p t sic k le a v e ) -------------V a c a tio n s earned ------------------------------------------H olid a ys ------------------------------------------- -----------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e --------------------------- .48 .28 . 18 .02 .48 . 28 .18 .03 100 100 100 100 40 Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r re tire m e n t programs ------------------ ----------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r it y ----------------------------------------- — S ta te re tire m e n t p la n s ------------------------------- .46 .17 .29 .46 .19 .29 100 100 100 12 _ Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r l i f e insurance and h e a lth b e n e f it program s ----------------------L i f e , a c cid e n t, and h e a lth i n s u r a n c e ------Sick le a v e earned ----------------------------------------W orkers 1 compensation ------------------------------- - .36 .08 .25 .03 .36 100 100 100 100 17 4 6 8 .25 .03 35 .02 .01 .02 100 100 100 72 76 94 02 100 73 Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r unemployment b e n e f i t s -----------------------------------------------------------Unemployment in s u ra n c e ------------------------------Severance pay ------------------------------------------------O th er, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses — (* ) (* ) (* ) .01 .10 17 20 66 _ - That ha d e x pen ditu res fox the i tern of 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 40 50 60 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 14 14 6 4 4 ~ 3 3 _ _ _ 4 - - ~ 3 3 38 35 30 14 4 _ _ _ _ _ 34 9 - - 9 2 9 3 4 - — 4 - - 3 — - 6 2 6 ~ - - 7 18 14 3 13 - (* ) 5 6 8 6 - 2 19 3 - 35 18 16 4 7 7 ” 1 1 2 2 <*) - - ~ - 19 3 1 - 2 - 2 - — - 12 1 1 _ 7 _ 12 _ _ 3 13 15 6 2 3 — 23 7 8 — 13 _ _ _ - - • “ 2 12 10 27 33 31 14 1 8 1 2 - - 16 - 38 14 20 (* ) 27 17 3 31 4 28 40 16 ~ ~ — - ~ “ - - - 4 2 2 _ •- 9 - ” 4 9 26 ~ ~ _ 37 28 ” _ " 4 30 15 6 ~ - 2 2 70 and above 2 - 1 15 14 2 1 - 2 “ 9 3 5 - — - ** - — - — ~ - - - 6 - .2 2 “ - ~ - Average e x p e n d itu r e s C om pensation item Premium pay ---------------------------------------------------------O v e rtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend w o r k --------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s -------------------------------------Pay fo r le a v e (e x c e p t s ic k le a v e ) --------------V a c a tio n s earn ed -------------------------------------------H o lid a y s -----------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e r s o n a l le a v e ----------------------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r r e tir e m e n t program s -------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ----------------------------------------------S ta te r e tir e m e n t p la n s -------------------------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r l i f e in su ra n c e and h e a lth b e n e f it program s -----------------------L if e , a c c id e n t,a n d h e a lth in su r a n c e ------S ick le a v e earn ed -----------------------------------------W orkers' co m p en sa tio n ---------------------------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r unem ploym ent b e n e f it s -------------------------------------------------------------Unemployment in su r a n c e -------------------------------S ev era n ce pay -------------------------------------------------O th er, in c lu d in g n o n p ro d u ctio n b o n u ses ----- P er c e n t or em ploym ent in State govern m en ts— S ta te s That A ll th a t had T o ta l had no IStates e x p en d i expen d it u r e s tu r e s L ess than 1 and under 1 percent 2 percent .7 .6 .1 .8 .8 .1 100 100 100 9. 0 5 .3 3. 4 .3 9 .0 5.3 3.4 .5 100 100 100 100 8. 6 3.2 5 .4 8. 6 3 .6 5.4 100 100 100 _ 12 6. 8 1.6 4. 7 .6 6 .8 1.8 4. 7 .6 100 100 100 1 00 17 4 19 77 36 18 .3 .2 .4 ' 100 100 1 00 72 76 94 26 23 6 2 (*) .4 100 73 24 3 .1 .1 (*) .1 17 20 66 _ 40 _ 59 58 34 _ 45 19 17 - _ 4 14 _ _ _ 2 3 That had e x p e n d itu r e s fo r th e item o f — 3 4 5 6 7 4 6 7 a 5 2 4 _ 29 . 2 - _ 5 38 _ 34 28 ■ - - 43 ~ _ 4 18 “ 19~ 8 9 9 10 10 and over ~ 24~ 3-6 “ 17- 15 7 34 10 . 3 39 29 5 16 13 23 10 2 43 4 8 2 18 2 _ 5 1 20 ~ 11 2 37 “ 18 2 32 ~ 25 4 14 “ 13 1 ~ 8 r - - - 24 3 1 - - ~ * - - - 2 • - - Compensation item Premium pay -------------------------------------------------------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend w o r k --------S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ------- --------------------- -----Pay f o r le a v e (e x c e p t sic k le a v e ) -------------V a c a tio n s earned ------------------------------------------H o lid a y s — :---------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e ---------------------------Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r retire m e n t programs -----------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r it y --------------------------------------------S ta te re tire m e n t p la n s ------------------------------Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r l i f e in su ran ce and h e alth b e n e f it programs -----------------------L i f e , a c c id e n t,a n d h e a lth in su ra n c e — — S ic k le a v e earned ----------------------------------------W orkers' compensation --------------------------------- Average expenditures Percent o f employment in :S tate governments- That States had that 2 and Less no A ll had Total than under 4 S ta tes expend expend 2 it u r e s it u r e s cents cents .04 .04 .02 .0 2 .02 .02 .43 .25 . 16 .43 .25 . 16 .02 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 ‘ 40 50 60 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 24 9 7 4 4 17 _ - (* ) (*> (* ) _ - _ _ - _ 10 _ - - 2 11 - .02 44 .45 . 14 .31 .45 .17 .31 100 100 100 14 - _ 5 .34 .08 .24 .34 .02 .0 2 100 100 100 100 13 5 .01 .01 .02 .01 6 49 Employer e x p e n d itu re s f o r unemployment b e n e f i t s -----— ------- — — ----------------------------------Unemployment i n s u r a n c e ----------------------------- Severance pay — ------ --— — --------------- ------------ .04 100 100 100 51 51 96 28 32 <*> O th e r, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses ----- (* ) .01 100 64 29 10 10 _ 31 .1 0 8 8 _ 100 100 100 100 .24 6 6 34 31 1 1 22 11 10 1 - (*) _ _ _ (* ) 1 13 5 ~ 3 _ - - 1 1 5 31 17 9 16 - 5 - _ 13 (*> 14 14 4 5 1 1 1 ** ~ ~ 1 4 - 2 - _ 4 37 50 34 100 100 100 _ That ha a expen ditu res f o r the itbem of _ 1 6 12 _ 8 8 9 _ 5 31 _ 6 3 - 1 (* ) 11 12 1 _ - - — 39 28 (*> 21 1 12 29 19 20 6 - - 17 11 6 22 23 3 19 6 - 14 - 3 11 8 13 6 5 3 6 21 21 4 3 5 “ 19 4 19 - 13 32 - 19 9 - 28 — - - - _ 3 2 2 12 - - 5 17 16 - _ “ “ ~ ~ - - • - - - - - - - - - 2 - ” 70 and above _ _ - - 16 (* ) (* ) - 9 (♦ ) - 1 13 13 6 (♦ ) 3 - - “ - - “ - T• ~ 3 - Average expen ditures S ta tes that had expendi tu re s Compensation item Percent of employment in ^That That had e x pen ditu res f o r the item o f — T o ta l expend itu re s Less than 1 2 1 and under 2 percent 3 percent Premium pay -------------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y ,a n d weekend w o r k --------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l s ------------------------------------- .9 .4 .4 .9 .4 .5 100 100 100 Pay f o r le a v e (ex c e p t sic k le a v e ) --------------V acation s earned ------------------------------------------H olid ays ---------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l l e a v e ------------ -------------- 8.9 5.2 3.4 .3 8.9 5.2 3.4 .5 100 100 100 100 Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r retire m e n t p r o g r a m s ------------------ ----------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r it y --------------------------------------------S tate retirem en t p la n s -------------------------------- 9.4 2.9 6.4 9.4 3.4 6.4 100 100 100 7.1 7.1 100 100 100 100 Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e a lth b e n e fit programs -----------------------L i f e , a c c id e n t,a n d h e a lth insurance ------Sick le a v e earned ----------------------------------------W orkers' compensation ---------------------------------- 1 .8 2 .0 4.9 .4 4.9 .5 State governments— 1 1 22 _ 63 89 67 _ - - - 69 31 33 8 11 1 1 3 4 - - 23 ~ 1 59 " _ _ _ _ 14 5 - 2 4 7 22 39 3 5 - 8 _ 13 - _ 20 - - 5 84 11 1 1 (*) _ (* ) 4 5 _ 49 15 ~ 5 6 - - 7 - 6 7 8 _ _ _ _ - - - — ~ - - _ _ 25 18 ~ 4 66 8 8 9 9 10 _ 10 and over _ - - 16 (*> 24 46 10 — - - - - - ~ “ “ ~ 14 3 29 27 12 17 28 - - - - 16 9 3 5 5 8 - (* ) - - 17 - 13 22 23 28 6 9 5 - - - - - - - 54 “ 28 6 - - 1 3 ~ - Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r unemployment b e n e fit s -----------------------------------------------------------Unemployment i n s u r a n c e -------------------------- ;— Severance pay ------------------------------------------------- .2 .2 .4 .3 51 51 96 47 47 4 . _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - (* ) 100 100 100 1 1 .6 * - - - * - - - - - O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses ----- . 1 .2 100 64 34 2 - - - - - - - - - _ Compensation item New England Connecticut Haine Hassachusetts Hew Hampshire S tates P er P er Per Per P er D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent cent D o lla rs of of per of per of per per of per compen work compen work compen work compen work compen work hour sa tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour sa tio n sa tio n hour Rhode Is la n d P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Vermont Per D o lla rs cent of per compen work s a tio n .hour T o ta l co m p e n sa tio n ---------- ------------------- 100.0 $5.60 100.0 $6.90 100.0 $0.08 100.0 $5.09 100.0 $0 . 8 6 100.0 $5.00 100.0 $5.00 Pay f o r working t i m e --------------------- ------------ — S tr a ig h t-t im e p a y ---------- --------------— --------Premium pay — - - - - - - - - — -------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — — — — — — — — 75.0 70.2 0 .2 0 3.00 3.03 76.7 76.1 .7 0 .2 1 .8 .6 .2 0.82 0.77 .05 76.8 76.6 .00 69.8 69.1 .8 3.85 3.76 .08 .07 78.1 76.9 1.3 .00 .01 3.82 3.78 .03 .03 76.3 70.7 1.7 .6 .2 78.5 77.8 .7 .7 - 0.25 0.18 .07 .05 Pay f o r le a v e (except sick le a v e ) ------------Vacations earned --------------------— — - - - - - — H o l i d a y s --------------------------- ---------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1 ------------------- — — 8 .8 .09 .28 .19 .60 .30 .00 7.7 .26 .17 0 .6 2 .8 .1 .08 .28 .19 1* ) 9.1 5.3 3.0 .0 2 9.2 0.9 3.5 .9 .0 .02 .3 7.1 .00 8 .0 .09 .30 3. 3 5.0 5.8 5.8 .*32 .32 6 .0 1 .6 .31 .18 .13 7 .8 3.6 0.3 .06 .16 .28 9 .7 6 .0 .0 .29 .02 .08 .17 .2 8 .03 Employer e x pen ditu res fo r retirem ent programs -------- ----- ------------------ — ----- ----------— S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ------ — — ----- -------- ----------— State retirem en t plans2 - — — - - ------------Employer e x p e n d itu res fo r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit plans — — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h ealth insurance — Sick le a v e earned — ------------- -— -------- ------W orkers' compensation — — — — — -----------Employer e x pen ditu res fo r unemployment programs -------- ------------------------— — -------— - Unemployment insurance -----------------------------Severance p a y ----------------------- ------- — — -------- 5.1 3.0 .3 5.0 8 .2 2.9 0.9 .3 .2 .2 (* ) 0.16 .03 .01 .01 .01 (* ) .06 .39 .25 .13 (*> .58 .23 .35 9.6 9.6 .03 .67 .32 .33 0.9 .22 0 .6 0 .8 .3 .02 .6 0 .2 .1 .03 . 19 (*> 8.7 3.1 5.1 .5 .0 .0 .03 .03 (*> (*) (* ) (* ) <*) (* ) <*> “ (* ) .2 0 .7 .00 2.5 . 17 89.0 5.01 .59 86.3 13.7 5.96 .90 .0 .2 8.7 5.6 3.0 (* ) in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3 ---- 10.6 .01 .01 (♦> Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll )4 -----------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * — — — - Other, .2 .1 (* ) - - .03 - 89.6 0.0 1 10.0 .06 8 .8 5.2 3.5 (*> 90.6 9.0 0.17 .00 .02 .0 1 (*> (♦> <*) 0.97 .52 3.7 2.7 5.3 .3 (* ) <*) “ 92.9 7.1 1 .0 .2 1 .0 .01 .3 .01 .39 .23 9.3 5.1 .10 .01 0 .2 .50 .28 .23 (* ) .39 .18 6.5 .35 0 .1 .2 2 .21 2.3 .13 6 .1 .8 (*> 7 .0 .35 .02 2 .0 .10 .26 5.0 (* ) .25 (* ) 5.1 .33 .05 .28 .2 .01 1.1 1 .1 .05 .05 - <*> (*> - .02 (*> <*> 0.52 .30 89.1 10.9 0.09 .55 92.5 7.5 (* ) <*) 5.03 .01 R id dle A t la n t ic Compensation item P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a t io n hour Hew Jersey T o ta l compensation ---------------------------------- 1 00.0 $6 . 6 6 Pay f o r working time - — — — -----— - — -----------— S tr a ig h t-t im e p a y --------------------- — — - — ----Premium p a y -----------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -----S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l -------------------------------------- 70.4 69.8 .5 .4 4.68 4.65 .04 .03 74.8 73.8 .1 .01 Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) — -------- ----Vacation s e a r n e d -------------- — --------------------------H o l i d a y s ----------------------- - - - -----------------------------C iv ic and p erson al leave 1---------------------------- - 9.3 5.3 3.4 .5 Employer expenditures fo r retirem ent programs ----------------------------------------- — ---------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ---------- — ---------------------------S ta te retirem en t p la n s 2---------------------------------Employer expenditures f o r l i f e in suran ce and h ealth b e n e fit plans -------------L i f e , ac cid e n t, and h ealth insurance — — Sick le a v e earned ------------------------------------------W orkers' compensation -----------------------------------Employer expenditures f o r unemployment programs ------------------------------------ ------------------------Unemployment i n s u r a n c e --------------------- -----------Severance p a y -------------- ----------------------------------- Hew York P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work s a t io n hour sa tio n hour Pennsylvania Per D o lla rs cent of per compen work sa tio n hour $7.58 100.0 $5.44 65.7 65.1 .7 •4 4.98 4.93 .05 .03 75.4 75.3 4.11 4. 10 .9 5.24 5.17 .07 .06 .1 .01 .2 .02 . 1 - .62 .36 .23 .04 9.3 4.9 3 .6 9.3 5.4 3.1 .8 .65 .34 .25 .06 .8 .70 .41 .23 .06 9.4 5.4 3.9 (♦ ) 12.8 .85 .64 8.5 3.6 4 .8 .59 .25 .34 17.1 3.1 14.0 1.29 .23 1.06 8 .2 3.2 9.6 7.2 2.5 4.6 .6 .48 .13 .30 .04 .51 . 18 .32 (♦ ) 7.3 2.4 4.0 .9 .55 .18 .30 .07 5.5 .3 .3 .3 .0 2 .0 2 (* ) (* f .6 .6 .04 .04 (*> (* ) 7.2 2 .0 4.6 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3— ----- (* ) Mages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o l l)4— -----------Supplements to wages and s a la r i e s 5----------------- 84.3 15.7 .21 (* ) 5.61 1.05 1 0 0 . 0 $7.00 1 .0 .1 (♦ ) <*) 100.0 .2 .01 (* ) 88.9 6.23 .77 79.0 11.1 21.0 (*> 5.99 1.59 .1 3.2 5.0 7.0 1 .2 .01 .01 “ .51 .30 .21 (* ) .45 . 17 .27 . 38 .07 .30 .02 <*) (* ) (♦ ) <*) 90.2 9 .8 4.91 .53 C om pensation item T o ta l c o m p e n s a tio n -------------------- ---------------Pay fo r w orking t i m e ---------------------------- -— S t r a ig h t -tim e p a y ---------.--------------------------Premium p a y ---------------- -------------------------------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------------------------Pay fo r le a v e (e x c e p t s ic k le a v e ) ---------V a c a tio n s earned --------------------------------------H o lid a y s -----------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e r s o n a l le a v e 1----------------------Employer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r r e tir e m e n t program s -------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r it y ----------------------------------------S ta te r e tir e m e n t p la n s 2-------------------- - — Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r l i f e in su r a n c e and h e a lth b e n e f it p la n s — — L if e , a c c id e n t, and h e a lth in su ra n c e S ick le a v e earned ------------------------------------W orkers' com p en sation ----------------------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r unemployment p r o g r a m s -----------------------------------------------------Unem ployment in s u r a n c e ------------------- -— S e v era n ce p a y ------------------------------------------O th er, in c lu d in g n o n p rod u ctio n b o n u se s3' Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o ss p a y r o ll)4 ------Su pp lem ents t o wages and s a l a r i e s 5---------- E ast North C e n tra l M ichigan I llin o is In d ia n a O hio W iscon sin P er P er Per P er P er P er c e n t D o lla r s c e n t D o lla rs c e n t D o lla r s c e n t D o lla r s c e n t D o lla rs c e n t D o lla r s per of of of per per of of per of per p er compen work compen work compen work compen work compen work compen work s a t io n hour s a t io n hour s a tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour 100.0 75.7 75. 1 .6 .4 $5.76 100.0 $6.08 100.0 $4.59 100.0 $6 . 6 6 100.0 $4.86 100.0 $6.15 4.36 4.33 .04 76.9 76.6 4.67 4.66 78.8 78.6 3.61 3.61 75.0 73.9 76.4 75.4 .01 .01 .01 .1 .1 . 01 .01 1 .0 .6 71.4 70.9 .4 (*> 3.71 3.66 .05 .05 (* ) 4.39 4.37 .2 .1 .1 4.99 4.92 .07 .04 .03 .59 .33 .22 8.5 4.6 3.9 6.7 3.8 2.9 (* ) .32 .18 .14 (* ) 7.9 5.0 2.7 .3 .49 .31 .17 .03 .45 .30 .15 ~ 8 .6 .42 12.3 3.7 .76 .23 .53 .2 .02 .01 7.9 4.7 3.0 .46 .27 .17 .2 .01 9.6 5.5 3.7 .5 8.4 .49 .15 .34 7.5 2.9 4.6 .42 . 14 .26 6 .0 2 .6 5.9 7.4 2.5 4. 5 .4 .02 .2 .1 .01 .01 . 1 (* ) .39 .21 .4 6.7 4.5 2 .2 .1 .18 (* ) .45 .17 .28 6.9 3.9 3.0 .32 . 18 .14 8 .2 .54 3.2 5.0 .21 - .33 8 .6 .36 .09 .27 X*> 5.7 4.2 .3 .26 .06 .19 8 .6 1.5 4.5 . 1 .57 .25 .29 .03 8.3 2.4 4.9 (* ) (* ) <*> (* ) <*) (* ) (♦) <*) (* ) .04 <*> (♦ ) (* ) .5 .3 .3 .02 .02 (* ) (♦) <*) (* ) 1 .0 .07 (* ) 87.4 5.82 .84 8 8.0 12.0 .3 .02 <*) 88.5 11.5 5.10 91.0 9.0 .66 - 1 .0 1 .0 5.53 .55 1 .2 91.5 8.5 .01 - 4.20 .39 " 3 .7 4.4 .5 1 2.6 1.1 - - .2 .2 .02 .01 .01 .02 .42 8 .6 .41 7.6 3.2 4.2 .26 .2 .01 .02 .02 (* ) .4 .4 - (* ) .4 .02 83.9 16.1 5.16 .99 .12 .24 .05 - 4.28 .59 .47 .20 * West Worth C en tral Compensation item T o ta l compensation to 00 Pay fo r w orking t i n e — ------------ ----- — S t r a ig h t -tim e pay — ---------------------- ---------------Premium p a y ------------------------------------ — ------- ----- O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work - — S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l -----— - - - - - - - - - — Pay f o r ie a v e (e x c e p t s ic k le a v e ) ---------------V a c a tio n s earn ed ------------ --- --------------------------- H o lid a y s — - — - - - - - - - - — — — — — — ----C iv ic and p e r s o n a l le a v e 1 — - - - - - — - — — Employer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r r e tir e m e n t p r o g r a m s ------------------------------------------------- ---------- S o c ia l s e c u r it y - — ---------------------------- — — — S t a te r e tir e m e n t p la n s 2 - - - --------------------------Employer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r l i f e in su r a n c e and h e a lth b e n e f it p la n s -------— L if e , a c c id e n t , and h e a lth in su r a n c e — — S ick le a v e earned -------------------------------------------W orkers' com p en sa tio n — ---- — — — ------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r unem ploym ent p r o g r a m s -------------- ----------------------------------- --— - — Unemployment in su r a n c e -------------------- --— — S e v era n ce pay -------------------- -------- --------- ----------O th er, in c lu d in g n o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u ses3 -----Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll) 4 — — — — Su pp lem ents t o w ages and s a l a r i e s 5— ------------ Iowa Kansas P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of per of per compen work compen work sa tio n hour sation hour 100.0 77. 4 77.1 .3 .2 . 1 $4.74 3.67 3.66 .01 .01 <*) 100.0 $5.28 74.8 74.5 .3 (*) .3 3.95 3.93 • 02 <*) P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour 100.0 78.4 78.3 .1 .1 .34 .19 . 15 9.0 3.9 5.1 .44 .19 .25 6 .6 .61 .09 .51 5.3 1.4 3.8 .26 .07 .19 6 .2 2 .2 .01 .2 .01 7.3 4.6 2.7 7.2 3.7 3.4 .34 . 18 .16 6.5 3.6 2.9 6 .6 1 .0 .31 .05 .25 11.6 1.6 ( *) (*) (*) (*) 91.5 8.5 ( *) (* ) <*) (*) 4.34 .40 (*) (*) <*> 91.6 8.4 .8 .6 .1 .1 .37 .24 .13 <*) . 01 3.87 3.86 (* ) (* ) 77.4 76.6 9.8 7.1 4.5 2.5 (*) 9.7 .3 100.0 .36 .23 .13 (* ) .42 .25 .16 (*> 5.3 .3 $4.94 .02 5.4 3.4 (*) 8 .8 Minnesota Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour <*) <*) (*) 4.84 .44 - - “ “ <*) 89.5 10.5 (*) 4.42 .52 6 .1 3.6 ” 3.2 3.4 3.9 .1 .1 .1 ( *) (*> 91.0 9.0 M isso u ri P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Nebraska 100.0 $4.35 79.1 79.1 - 3.34 3.34 “ 80.1 80.1 <*) (* ) (♦ ) 3.49 3.49 <*> (* ) (♦ ) 9.1 5.4 3.6 .38 .23 .15 (* ) 8.9 5.3 3.4 .39 .23 .15 .1 .36 .19 .17 (*> .1 .01 .32 .17 .14 7.5 4.4 3.2 .31 .18 .13 6 .8 .29 .15 .13 6 .2 .27 .19 .08 .26 .24 4.7 .19 5.0 .7 3.7 .5 .21 4 .8 - 4.5 .3 .19 100.0 $4.44 100.0 $4.06 3.97 3.93 .04 .03 77.3 77.3 78.9 78.6 .3 .3 3.21 3.19 .01 <*) 3.43 3.43 (*> (* ) (* ) .50 .31 .19 ~ 9.7 5.9 3.8 (♦) • 43 .26 .17 (* ) 8.9 4.6 4.2 .34 .17 .17 7.1 4.0 3.2 .32 5.8 .11 .20 .01 5.4 .5 (*) (* ) <*) (*> 4.67 .46 - .02 _ * 92.4 7.6 South Dakota 1 0 0 . 0 $4.23 $5.13 .1 .1 North Dakota P er P er P er cent D o lla r s cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s of of of per per per compen work compen work compen work hour s a t io n hour sa tio n hour sa tio n : 4.10 .34 .1 .01 .01 <*) .2 .01 4.5 (♦) .18 (* ) - - : : (*> 92.3 7.7 <*) 3.75 .31 .1 3.7 3.1 _ 92.0 8 .0 .03 .16 .0 2 _ 3.89 .34 4.3 1.9 - .1 .1 93.5 6.5 .21 .01 (* ) <*) 4.07 .28 South A t la n tic Compensation item Delaware F lo r id a G eorgia P e r Per P er Per cent D ollars cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per of of per per compen work compen work compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a tio n hour sa tio n hour sa tio n hour Maryland P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour North C a ro lin a South C a ro lin a P er Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of per of per compen work compen work s a t io n hour s a tio n hour T o t a l compensation -------------- -------------- 1 0 0 . 0 $4.72 100.0 $4.95 100.0 $4.83 100.0 $4.51 100.0 $6.31 100.0 $4.85 100.0 $4.12 Pay fo r working time — - - -------- -— -------— S tr a ig h t-t im e pay -------------------------------------Premium pay — ----------------------------- — -----------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work— S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l -------------------------------- 75.4 74.8 3.56 3.53 .03 70.7 70.2 79.8 79.5 .3 3.86 3.84 73.5 73.4 3.32 3.31 69.1 67.9 .01 .01 1.2 75.4 75.0 .4 .5 (* ) .1 .1 .6 3.74 3.69 .05 .03 3.10 3.09 .01 .01 4.36 4.28 .08 .05 • 03 77.2 76.2 .9 .02 .01 3.50 3.47 .03 .03 (*> .3 .02 Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) -----------Vacations earned ---------------------------------------H o l i d a y s -------------- — — ----- 1------ -----------------C iv ic and person al le a v e ------------------------- 9.3 5.4 3.6 •2 .44 .26 .17 .49 . 29 .19 (* ) 8 .6 .67 • 33 .28 • 05 7.8 4. 8 2.7 •2 .38 .23 .13 .01 9.8 6. 0 3.8 (♦ ) Employer exp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t programs --------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y -------— - — ------------ ----------State retirem en t p l a n s ----------------------------- 3.9 4.8 .41 .18 .23 11.3 3.8 7.5 4.3 4.3 .54 .27 .27 11.4 4.0 7.5 7.9 1.3 5.8 11.7 .74 5.6 .31 .03 .27 .2 .01 Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e f it pla n s ~ L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance — Sick le a v e e a r n e d -------------- — ----- ----- ----- — W orkers' compensation ------------------------------ .6 .4 .2 8 .8 .6 (* ) <*> 9.5 5.1 3.1 •4 .41 • 25 .15 • 02 .43 • 27 . 15 (* ) .56 .19 .37 7.0 3.7 3.3 .34 .18 .16 9.7 3.5 (* ) 4.6 .8 .39 .06 .29 .04 .01 (*> • 01 6 .0 3.4 (* ) 6 .2 .44 .16 .28 .7 .5 1 0.6 5.3 4.5 .8 8 .6 .2 .2 West V ir g in ia P e r P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work sa tio n hour hour sa tio n 100.0 $4*04 79.1 78.5 .5 .5 (* ) 3.31 3.29 70.3 70.2 2.84 2.83 .02 .02 .2 .2 .01 .01 - - 1 0 0 . 0 $4.19 <*> .38 • 23 .15 (* ) 9 .6 5.6 4.1 (* ) .40 . 23 .17 (♦ ) 10.7 .01 9.3 5.7 3.6 (* ) .55 .19 .36 9.5 4,1 5.4 .39 .17 5.4 3 .9 1.5 • 22 • 16 .06 11.1 .22 5 .9 .25 7.8 .2 .0 1 .8 5 .6 .23 (* ) 6.3 6 .2 4.4 •1 4.0 7.1 .43 • 25 .18 (* ) .45 .16 .29 6.5 .6 Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs ----------------------------- — ----------------------Unemployment insurance ----------------------------Severance pay (*> <*> (* ) (* ) (* ) (* ) .2 .1 •2 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3 — (* ) (* ) - Mages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l ) 4— — — Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 3— ------ - 90.4 9.6 .2 .1 .02 .01 .01 V i r g i n ia 4.26 .45 86.5 13.5 4.28 .66 - .22 7.3 - 2 .0 5.2 .2 .21 .01 - - - <*> (*> <*> 4.4 92.8 7.2 4.49 .35 .1 8 8.2 11.8 .33 .09 .23 <*> 3.4 .16 .10 - .63 3.2 .15 5.6 .2 .01 .2 .01 .1 -• “ - — ~ — “ — <*> (* ) <*> .3 .01 .1 5.65 88.4 .66 1 1.6 4.28 .56 90.4 9.6 3.98 .53 89.6 10.4 - 5.7 1 .6 9.9 - - .23 - .23 (♦ ) .1 .8 .31 .03 .25 .03 - T “ ~ - — — ~ (♦ ) * - - - 3.72 .40 94.3 5.7 3.95 .24 87.3 12.7 3.53 .51 East South C e n tra l Compensation item T o t a l compensation - — -----— -------— -----— - 1 00.0 Pay f o r working t i m e --------------------- --------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e p a y --------------------- ---------— — — Premium pay — — — — — — — — — — — — Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — ----S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l — — — — — — -------------- 76.6 76. ft Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) Vacations earned ------------------------- -------— — ----H olidays — — — — — — —— — — C iv ic and person al le a v e 1 — — --------------- ------ 9.0 5.2 3.7 .1 .1 .1 .1 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r retirem ent programs — ---------- ------------* ------- ------------ — — ----S o c ia l s e c u r it y — — — — — — — — — — — — — State retirem en t plans 2 ---------- ----------- ------- — 3.9 U. 6 Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h ealth b e n e fit plans ---------------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h ealth insurance ---------Sick le a v e earned — — — — — — —— — w o rk e rs' compensation — — — —— —— — 4.3 .3 Employer e x p e n d itu res fo r unemployment p r o g r a m s -------------- ------— ----------------- — — -----------Unemployment in s u r a n c e ------------------— — ---------Severance pay — -------- ----- — — — — — — . O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses* — Alabama Kentucky H i s s is s ip p i Tennessee Per P e r P er P er P e r cent D ollars cent D o lla rs cent D ollars cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s of of per of per of per of per per compen work compen work compen work compen work compen work s a t io n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour sa tio n hour — Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll ) 4 ------— -----Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5— — — - - 8 .6 5.8 1 .2 (* ) <*> (*) 89.9 10.1 $4.28 3.28 3.27 .01 (*> (* ) .38 .22 .16 (* ) .37 .17 1 0 0 . 0 $4.59 76.7 76.6 . 1 (* ) $4.06 100.0 $3.91 .02 .01 .01 78.1 78.0 (*> <*> (*> 3.17 3.17 (*> (*> (* ) 76.2 76.2 (* ) (* ) 2.98 2.97 (♦ ) (*> .34 .2 1 9.1 5.7 3.4 - 3 .9 4.2 .32 .15 .17 6.5 1.9 4.6 - .25 .07 .18 - .43 8 .8 .22 .21 5.0 3.7 .40 .23 .17 8.5 5.3 3.1 .2 .01 .1 .13 <*) .37 .18 .19 10.0 .46 .19 .27 7 .5 3 .6 3.9 .30 .15 .16 5.0 .23 • 03 .17 .03 5 .9 .4 5.1 •4 .02 .21 .02 .1 8 .1 (* ) .25 .05 .18 4. 1 .27 .07 .19 .01 .1 .01 (* ) 100.0 3.47 3.45 9 .4 4 .8 4 .5 3.9 4.2 3.84 .43 $4.56 76.1 75.7 .3 .1 .20 (*> (* ) • 100.0 3.52 3.51 (♦ ) <*> <*) 5.8 1 .6 (*> (* ) “ 90.1 9.9 (* ) <♦) 4.14 .45 .1 .2 4.2 5.8 .6 3.8 .7 (* ) <*) (*> 88.7 11.3 (*> (* ) “ (* ) 4.04 .52 (* ) (* ) 91.6 8.4 .24 (* ) (* ) 3.72 .34 8 .2 (*> (*> 89.9 10.1 .35 .22 .13 - !♦) <*> 3.51 .40 West South C e n tra l Compensation item T ota l compensation ------------------------------------ 100.0 $4.33 Pay fo r working time — — — — — — — — — — S tra ig h t-tim e pay — — — — — — — ---------------Premium p a y ------ ----- ----------------------------------------— Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — — —— —— — — 76.8 76.5 .3 3.33 3.32 Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k l e a v e ) ---------- --------Vacation s e a r n e d -------- ----- -— — — ----------— H olidays - — — — — — — — — ---------C iv ic and p erson al le a v e 1— — — — — — — — 8.4 4.9 3.4 Employer expenditures fo r retirem ent programs --------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y -----------------------------------------------S tate retirem ent pla n s2— — ——————— Employer expenditures f o r l i f e insurance and h ealth b e n e fit plans -------------- L i f e , ac cid e n t, and h e alth insurance — — — Sick le a v e earned — — — — — — — — — Workers* com pen sation -----------------------------------Employer expenditures f o r unemployment programs ------ ------------------------------------- --------------Unemployment insurance — — — ———— Severance pay — — — — — — — — — O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 5 ---------- Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll ) 4 — — — — — Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * — — — Arkansas L o u isian a P er P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs D o lla rs cent of of per per per of compen* work compen work compen work s a t io n s a t io n hour hour sa tio n hour .2 .1 .1 6 .2 3.0 5.2 6 .7 .01 .01 (* ) .36 .21 .15 (* ) .35 .13 .22 1 .6 .29 .07 4 .7 .3 .2 0 .01 (* ) <*> 89.9 10.1 l*> (♦ ) 3.90 • 44 Oklahoma Texas P e r P er D o lla rs cent D o lla r s cent of of per per compen work compen work hour sa tio n hour sa tio n 1 0 0 . 0 $3.75 100.0 $4.24 100.0 $4.27 100.0 $4.55 2.89 2.89 (* ) <*) 77.7 77.3 .5 .4 3.30 3.28 74.6 74.6 .0 2 .01 76.9 76.6 .3 .3 3.50 3.48 .1 .1 3.19 3.19 (*> <•) (*> .31 7.5 5.2 2.3 <*> .37 .26 8.7 4.3 4.3 .40 .19 • 20 .2 .01 77.0 76.9 . 1 .1 .1 8.3 5.3 2.9 .1 .20 . 11 (* ) 9.7 4.4 5.3 .36 .17 4.9 .3 4.3 .4 .19 7.9 .01 2 .1 • 16 5.2 “ 89.6 10.4 .20 6.9 6.9 .01 .6 - * - • 3.36 • 39 90.4 9.6 (♦ ) <*) .32 8.7 .22 .10 6 .0 (* ) .29 • .29 .33 .09 .22 • 02 * • 3.84 • 40 2.7 <*> .11 (* ) .1 .01 .01 <♦> .36 • 18 .18 8.5 4 .0 4 .5 • 39 .18 8 .1 .35 2.4 5.1 .7 .10 .22 5.9 1.4 4.4 .27 • 06 .03 .1 8 .5 4.2 4 .3 * - 88.4 11.6 ” 3.78 .49 (*> <♦> 90.0 10.0 .21 .20 .01 C*> C*> “ 4.09 .45 Mountain P er D o lla rs cent o f. per sompen- work :ation hour Compensation item T o ta l co m p en sation ------------------------------ CD 10 Arizona P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Colorado Idaho Hemtana Per P e r Per D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent of of per per of per compen work compen work compen work sation hour s a tio n hour sa tio n hour Mevada Mew Mexico Utah Per cent D o lla r s of per compen work sation hour Per D o lla rs cent of per compen work sation hour P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour Wyoming P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour 1 00.0 $5.12 100.0 $5.12 100.0 $5.84 100.0 $4.95 100.0 $4.86 100.0 $6.09 100.0 $4.19 1 00.0 $4.97 100.0 $4.87 Pay f o r working t in e — — — ------------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay ------------------Premium pay -------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work— S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l —— 76.9 76.6 3.94 3.92 76.3 76.2 3.91 3.90 3.74 3.70 .04 .04 (*> 76.8 75.7 4.68 4.61 .07 .0 6 3.18 3.17 (* ) <*> (* ) 77.2 77.2 3.84 3.84 (* ) <*) * 3.83 3.82 .01 75.7 75.7 (* ) (*> C*> 78.5 78.4 (* ) 3.74 3.74 (* ) <♦) (* ) 77.0 76.1 .9 (*> 4.53 4.53 <*) <*) * 75.6 75.6 <*) 77.6 77.6 (* ) <*> - Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) — — - Vacations earned ---------------------------------------H o l i d a y s --------------------------- --------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l l e a v e ------------------------ 9.1 5.5 3.6 .47 .28 .18 (* ) 9.8 5.9 3.8 (* ) 9.3 5.4 3.8 .54 .32 5.6 3.0 (* ) .42 .27 .14 (* ) 9.2 5.8 3.2 .56 .36 .19 9.4 5.5 3.8 .39 .23 .16 .2 .0 1 .2 .01 9.1 5 .0 3.9 •2 .2 0 .01 .39 .13 .26 8 .2 .42 .34 .16 .18 .33 8 .0 .1 .01 5.4 .33 4.0 4.0 .34 .17 .17 7 .6 3.7 3 .9 .38 .18 .19 8.5 4.2 4.3 .41 .20 .22 7.1 3.3 3.8 5.5 3.9 4.3 7.1 • 50 6 .7 .30 .07 4.8 .7 3.8 .3 .23 .03 .18 • 01 Employer exp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t programs -------- -— - — — S o c ia l s e c u r ity - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - — - S tate retirem en t p la n s 2 ---------------------------Employer exp e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit pla n s - — — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e a lth insurance — Sick le a v e earned -------------------------------------W orkers• compensation ------------------------------Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs --------------------------------------------------------Unemployment in su ra n c e ----------— — --------Severance pay — ----------------------------------------O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bon u ses3-* 4 Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l) -----— Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 9 -------— .2 .2 .1 7.6 2 .6 5.0 6.3 1 .0 4.6 .6 .1 .01 .01 .32 .05 .24 .03 .2 .2 .01 .01 (*> .50 .30 .20 <*> 5.6 .28 .2 4.3 .01 .22 1.1 .05 8 .6 7.1 7.1 .41 .41 9 .7 4.4 5 .3 6 .0 .6 .35 .03 .30 1.4 4 .2 .30 .07 1 .1 .34 .05 8 .2 2 .0 .12 1 .6 .2 1 4 .5 .22 .28 .07 .19 .6 .03 1 .6 .33 .04 4.6 .02 5.4 .7 .6 .02 5.1 .3 6 .2 .48 .22 .26 .08 - - .3 .3 (*> - - (* ) “ _ (♦ ) - - - - .2 • 01 .3 4.64 .48 92.0 90.3 9 .7 4.39 .47 91.7 8.3 (* ) (*> (*> (* ) .1 (*> .1 90.5 9.5 2 .8 .1 .41 .27 .14 (* ) 1.1 1 .0 .1 _ (* ) 1* ) (* ) 4.64 • 48 .22 <*) 8 .2 5.4 .8 .1 _ <*) (* ) 90.7 9.3 .1 .1 .1 (* ) 8 .0 5.37 .47 88.0 1 2.0 .02 .01 4.35 .59 - .1 .1 (* ) (♦1 .1 .1 .1 .1 6 .1 1.5 4 .4 .3 • 45 .25 .22 .01 - 5.59 • 50 89.7 10.3 .01 .01 * 8 .2 4.8 3.3 .1 .40 .24 . 16 (♦ ) .20 .21 (* ) (*> (*> (* ) (*> (* ) - _ _ - <*> <*) (*> <*> • .01 .1 .1 ~ 3.76 .43 90.7 9.3 4.51 .46 90.5 9.5 - 4.41 .46 P a c ific Compensation item T o ta l compensation ------------ ----- ------------------ Alaska Per cent D o lla rs of per compen- work s a t io n hour Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour 100.0 $6.14 100.0 $9.12 C a l if o r n ia Hawaii P er Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of per of per compen work compen work sa tion hour s a t io n hour 100.0 $6.28 100.0 $6.10 Oregon Sashington P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a tio n hour P e r cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour 100.0 $5.45 100.0 $5.48 Pay f o r working t i n e ------------ ------- -— ----------- — S t r a ig h t - t in e pay -------- ---------------------------------Premium p a y --------------- * ------------ -------- --------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -------S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — — — — —— —— 76.2 75.4 .8 .6 .3 4.68 4.63 .05 .03 .02 72.2 71.0 1.2 1.1 .1 6.59 6.48 .11 .10 .01 76.4 75.6 .8 .5 .3 4.80 4.75 .05 .03 .02 69.6 68.6 1.0 .9 .1 4.25 4.19 .06 .05 .01 78.5 77.9 .5 .5 <*> 4.28 4.25 .03 .03 (*> 77.3 76.4 .9 .5 •4 4.23 4.18 .0 5 .03 .02 Pay f o r le a v e (except sick le a v e ) — — — Vacations earned — - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - H olidays --------------------------- --------------------------------C iv ic and person al le a v e -------------------------------- 9.2 5.0 3.4 .9 .57 .30 .21 .05 9.7 6.4 3.1 .1 .88 .58 .29 .01 9.2 4.6 3.4 1.2 .S8 .29 .21 .08 11.0 6 .8 4.2 .1 .67 .41 .26 (* ) 8.0 4 .8 2.9 .2 .44 .26 .16 • 01 9.3 5.3 3.6 .4 .51 .29 .20 .02 Employer expen ditu res f o r retirem ent programs ---------- ---------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity — S tate retirem en t p l a n s ---------- ----------------- ------- 8.4 2.5 5 .9 .51 .15 .36 11.5 3.5 8.1 1.05 .31 .74 8.5 2.1 6.4 .53 .13 .40 9 .9 3.4 6 .5 .61 .21 .40 7.9 3.9 4.0 .43 .21 .22 6.5 2.8 3.7 .35 .15 .20 Employer expenditures fo r l i f e insurance and h ealth b e n e fit plans - — ---------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h ealth insurance — — Sick le a v e earned ------ — — — -------------W orkers' compensation — — — — — — -----— — 5.9 1.1 4.0 .8 .36 .07 .25 .05 6.4 1.3 4.6 .5 .58 .12 .42 .04 5.8 1.2 3.7 .9 .36 .07 .23 .06 8 .8 1.2 6 .8 .7 • 54 .08 .42 .04 5.3 (* ) 4 .2 1.1 .29 (* ) .23 .06 5.9 1.1 4.3 •5 .32 .06 .24 .03 Employer ex pen ditu res fo r unemployment programs — ----------------- --------------------Unemployment insurance — — — — —— — Severance pay --------------------— --------------------------- .3 .3 (* ) .02 .02 <*) .2 .1 . 1 .01 .01 .01 (♦ ) (* ) .6 .6 - .04 .04 - .3 .3 (* ) .02 .02 (♦> 1.0 1.0 ~ .05 .05 - Other, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 1 3 ---------2 (* ) Mages and s a la r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll ) 4 -----------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5— — —— 89.5 10.5 (* ) 5.50 .65 86.5 13.5 1 Includes military leave. 2 Includes State government contributions to retirement funds, and payments directly to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension systems. 3 Other includes lump sum payments for merit awards, longevity, awards for suggestions and other incentive payments and bonuses. 4 Wages and salaries include all direct payments to workers normally shown on IRS W -2 forms and consist of pay for working time; pay for vacations, holidays, sick leave, and civic and personal leave, severance pay, and other compensation (including nonproduction bonuses). 7.89 1.23 (*> 89.4 10.6 (* ) <*) ~ (♦> 5.61 .67 (*> 87.5 12.5 (♦> 5.34 .76 90.6 9.4 4.94 .51 91.0 9.0 4.98 .49 5 Supplements to wages and salaries include a ll employer expendi tures for compensation other than wages and salaries' and consist of ex penditures for retirement programs (including direct pay to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension systems), and outlays for life insurance, health benefit programs (except sick leave), and unemployment insurance. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Asterisk (* ) indicates less than 0.05 percent of $0. 005. Hew England States Compensation item P er cent D ollars of per compen work sa tio n hour Connecticut P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a tio n hour Haine P e r cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a tio n hour Hassachusetts New Hampshire Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour Rhode Isla n d P er P er D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent per of of per compen work compen work sa tio n hour hour sation Vermont Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour T o ta l compensation ------------------------------- 100.0 $5.98 100.0 $7.37 100.0 $4.23 100.0 $6.41 100.0 $5.60 100.0 $4.63 100.0 $5.41 Pay f o r working tim e — — -------- - — ----------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay — - — - - ---------- -— - — -----Premium p a y ------------- ------- --------------— ----------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — -------------------- -------— 74.1 73.0 4.44 4.37 .07 .07 (*) 6 6.6 64. 8 1 .8 78.0 77.9 3.30 3.30 77.3 76.5 .01 .01 .8 .8 .1 .01 - - - 77.5 75.6 1.9 1.9 - 75.3 75.3 - 3.49 3.49 “ 76.7 74.8 1.9 1.9 (* ) 4.15 4.05 .1 .1 4.95 4.90 .05 .05 - 4.34 4.23 1.7 4.91 4.77 .13 .13 Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) — ----------V acation s e a r n e d -------------------- -— --------- -— H o l i d a y s ---------- ----- --------- --------- ----------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1- - — - - - — ----------- 9. a 5.2 3.5 .7 .56 .31 9.8 4.7 3.2 1.9 .72 .35 .23 . 14 7.9 5.4 2.5 - .63 .36 .26 .55 .30 .17 .08 .36 .23 .12 - 9.3 5.3 4.0 - .50 .28 2 .6 .01 9.8 5.3 3.0 1.4 7.7 5.0 - 9.8 5.6 4.1 . 1 7.6 .45 10.3 4.0 6.3 .76 .29 .47 9.6 9.6 .40 .40 4.9 4.9 .32 .32 6.7 3.9 2.7 .37 7.6 3.9 3.7 .35 .18 .17 7.1 4.0 3.1 .38 .22 11.2 6 .0 .19 5.4 .4 7.8 2.3 5.5 * .36 .17 - .3 5.3 .4 .02 3.9 - .51 .14 .34 .03 .34 .02 8 .0 2 .2 6 .0 .6 • 26 - 6.9 .9 5.3 .02 .82 .44 .35 .04 4.5 4.7 .5 .8 .38 .05 .28 .04 - - (* ) (* ) 1.6 1 .6 .07 .07 - - Employer e x pen ditu res f o r retirem ent programs ——---------------------------------— - — ----------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y -------------------------------------------I S tate retirem en t p la n s 2- — - — ---------- — -------! Employer e x pen ditu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit plans - — - — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e a lth insurance -----Sick le a v e earned ------ -— - - - - - - - - - - - — Workers' c o m p e n sa tio n -------------------------- ------- 1.1 1 .1 (* ) 1 «9 .21 .04 . 11 5.7 .34 8 .2 .49 .17 .30 2.9 5.0 .4 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r unemployment programs — - - — - - — - — -----— - - — — — ----------Unemployment in su ran ce - — ---Severance pay - - — ---------- --- ---------------- ---------- .2 .2 .01 . 01 .3 .3 .02 .02 ~ * Other, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3- — - .5 .03 1 .8 Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll ^4 ------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 9- — — — — 89.0 5.33 11.0 .66 82.9 17. 1 .13 - 6.11 89.9 1.26 10.1 .33 .23 .11 “ 3.80 .43 * 92.4 7.6 5.92 .48 92.6 7.4 .11 .11 - .15 .30 .02 (* ) (* ) “ 5.19 .41 - 88.6 11.4 .11 4.10 .53 91.2 8 .8 .10 .10 (* ) .22 * .22 . 17 4.94 .47 Compensation item R iddle A t la n t ic New Jersey P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work hour sa tio n Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour New York Pennsylvania P e r Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of per of per compen work compen work sa tio n hour sa tio n hour 100.0 $6.37 100.0 $6 . 6 6 $8 . 1 2 100.0 $5.81 Pay f o r working time - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - S tra ig h t-tim e p a y --------------------- --------------------Premium p a y -----------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -----S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l -------------------------------------- 72.5 71.5 .9 .9 4.61 4.55 • 06 .05 <*> 73.6 72.7 4.90 4.84 • 06 • 05 {*> 64.8 61.8 3.0 2.7 •3 5.26 5.02 .24 74.9 74.7 4.35 4.34 • 01 .22 .0 2 • Pay fo r leav e (except s ic k le a v e ) -----------------Vacations earned — — — — — — — — — H o l id a y s ----------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and person al le a v e 1 ------------- --------------- 9.4 5.2 3.7 •4 .60 .33 .24 .03 9.3 4.8 3.7 9.5 5.3 3.1 .8 .62 .32 • 25 .05 1.1 .77 • 43 .25 .09 9.3 5.3 4 .0 • .54 .31 .23 - Employer expenditures f o r retirem ent programs -------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l se c u rity ----------------------------------------------S tate retirem ent p la n s 2 -------- --------------— — — 10.3 3.2 7.2 .66 .2 0 8.9 3.8 5.1 .59 .25 .34 17.8 3.0 14.8 8 .1 .46 1.20 .47 .17 .30 Employer expenditures f o r " lif e insurance and health b e n e f it plans -------------L i f e , acciden t, and h e a lth insurance — — Sick le a v e e a r n e d -----— — — — — — --------Workers* compensation — — — — — —— - 7.7 2.3 4.8 •6 .49 .14 .31 .04 7.9 2 .9 4.6 .4 .52 .19 .31 7.4 2.9 3.6 .9 .60 .23 .30 .07 7 .7 .45 1 .8 .10 5.3 .31 .03 Employer expenditures f o r unemployment p ro g ra m s------ -— --- -------— ------- ----- — - — ------- ----Unemployment insurance — — — —— — Severance pay — — — — — — — — — — .1 .1 <*) <*) * ~ ~ •4 .4 ~ .03 • 03 * - O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses*-------- .1 <*> .4 • 02 <*> Wages and s a la r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l )4— — -------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * — —— 86.7 13.3 87.8 5.85 • 81 78.0 T otal compensation ------------------------------ .1 5.52 • 85 .8 •8 .1 12.2 .02 ~ - - 100.0 22.0 1.45 .25 <*) 6.33 1.78 .2 •2 3 .0 5.1 .6 89.5 10.5 .01 • ~ ~ 5. 20 .61 Bast North Cen tral Compensation item T o ta l compensation - — ----------------------------- Pay fo r w orking tim e — -------— ----- --— — ----- ------S t r a ig h t - t i n e pay ----------------------------------------------Premium p a y ------------------------------------ ---------------------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work --------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l ------- ---------- -— ----- -------— Pay fo r le a v e (e x c e p t s ic k le a v e ) ---------------- — V a c a tio n s ea rn ed ------------------------------------------------H o l id a y s -------------------------— -----------------------------------C iv ic and p e r s o n a l le a v e — ------------------ — ------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r r e tir e m e n t program s ------------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r it y --------------------------------------------------S t a te r e tir e m e n t p la n s2 -------------- ---------------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r l i f e in su r a n c e and h e a lth b e n e f it p la n s - — ----------L if e , a c c id e n t, and h e a lth in su r a n c e — - - - S ick le a v e earn ed — - - --------------------— ------- — - Workers* c o m p e n sa tio n — ------ ----------------------------Em ployer e x p e n d itu r e s fo r unemployment program s ------------------------------------------------------------------Unemployment in s u r a n c e -------------------------------------S e v e ra n ce p a y -------------------------------- ----------------------O th er, in c lu d in g n o n p r o d u c tio n b o n u se s3- - — - Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll^ 4— -------------S u pp lem ents to w ages and s a la r ie s * — ---------------- Illin o is P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a tio n hour 1 0 0 . 0 $5.80 75.4 74.7 100.0 4.38 4.33 .04 .04 (* ) 76.3 76. 3 .47 .28 .18 (*> 1 0.0 .49 .15 .34 8 .2 .43 .14 .25 .03 5.5 1.4 4.0 .1 .1 .2 .02 .01 .01 (* ) (* ) .3 .02 - 88.4 5.13 11.6 .6 8 90.3 9.7 .8 .7 (*) 8 .1 4.8 3.2 .1 8.5 2.6 5.9 7.4 2.5 4.4 .6 .3 .1 .1 (* ) 5.9 4.1 “ 4.0 4. 1 Indiana P e r cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour H ichigan Ohio Wisconsin P er Per D o lla rs cent cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour P e r cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour $6.90 100.0 $4.23 100.0 $6.58 100.0 $5.06 100.0 $7.39 5.27 5.26 <*) 80.3 80.0 .3 .3 3.40 3.38 74.0 72.6 1.3 1.3 4.87 4.78 .09 .08 (*> 74.9 73.6 1.3 1.3 3.80 3.73 .07 .07 - 71.0 70.3 .7 5.25 5.20 .05 .05 .40 .26 .14 7.3 4.4 .37 8.9 .66 .22 2 .8 6 .0 2 .6 (*> .14 (* ) .4 .44 .19 .03 8 .6 .44 11.3 3.4 7.9 .84 .25 .59 7.4 3.2 4.0 .54 .24 .29 .2 .02 .8 .8 .06 .06 - <*) (*> “ .69 .40 .28 “ 7.7 3.9 3.8 .56 .28 .28 6 .2 .38 .1 0 .27 .01 .01 .01 .1 .33 .16 .16 (*> 3.7 .26 .15 2 .6 .11 5.8 1.4 3.9 .5 .24 .06 .16 .02 .1 6 .1 3.9 2 .2 ~ “ 8.7 3.1 5.5 .57 8.7 4 .0 3.9 .7 .5 7 .26 .26 .05 ~ .21 - .36 8 .6 .44 9.2 • 46 .14 .27 .06 2 .8 5.3 1.1 - (*> (*> - ~ - 1 .1 .07 (* ) (♦ ) .3 .02 - - .8 .05 (*> (* ) - - - 1.4 .09 - - 86.3 13.7 5.68 .90 6.23 .67 91.9 8 .1 3.89 .34 87.5 12.5 4.43 .63 .6 .1 - .01 .6 .04 84.5 15.5 6.25 1.15 Compensation item West North C en tral Iowa P e r cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tion hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a t io n hour Kansas Minnesota H isso u ri P er Per Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per of per compen work compen work compen work sation hour s a tio n hour sa tio n hour Nebraska North Dakota South Dakota P er P er P e r cent D o lla r* cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s of per of per of per compen work compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n . hour $5.22 1 00.0 $5.72 100.0 $5.37 100.0 $5.19 100.0 $5.39 100.0 $4.00 Pay f o r working tim e ------------------------------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay - - - - - - - - - - — -----— -------— Premium pay Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -------S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — — — — — — — — — — 77.3 76.9 .4 .3 .1 4.04 4.02 4.34 4.34 • 78.5 78.3 4.21 4.21 .1 .1 .01 .01 74.7 73.3 1.4 .7 .7 3.88 3.80 .07 .04 .03 77.8 77.8 - 4.19 4.19 - 78.8 77.8 .02 .01 .01 75.8 75.8 ” 3.15 3.11 .04 .04 - 79.8 79.8 - 3.95 3.95 - 81.2 81.2 - 4.26 4.26 _ ' Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k l e a v e ) ------ ----------V acation s earned - — — — — ------— --- ---------------H olidays --------------------------- y--------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l leave ------------------------— - 8.5 5.2 3.3 (*) .45 .27 .17 (* ) 6.4 3.7 2.7 (* ) .36 7.0 4.5 10.2 2.6 9.3 5.7 3.6 “ .50 .31 .19 - 9.4 4.5 4.5 .4 .37 .18 .18 5.1 3.4 .43 .25 .17 8 .4 4 .7 3.6 “ .53 .35 .18 * 8 .6 .15 (* ) .38 .24 . 14 “ .01 .1 .01 .1 .44 .25 .19 (* ) Employer exp e n d itu res f o r retirem ent p r o g r a m s -------- ------- — - — - — - — ------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity ------------------------------------------------State retirem en t p lan s 2-------- --------------------------- 7.3 3.8 3.5 .38 6 .2 .36 .20 7.1 4.5 .22 . 18 2 .6 .33 .19 .14 4 .2 .26 .29 .18 . 10 6 .7 3.9 .15 7.1 3.7 3.4 .31 .21 .40 .19 6 .0 3.7 2 .6 9.0 4.1 4.9 .38 .20 .18 1 .8 .09 .35 .06 .27 .03 1 1.6 .66 5.5 1 .2 .31 .27 .04 4 .7 .4 4.2 4.8 .14 .50 5.8 5.1 .7 .19 2.5 .24 • 04 .17 .03 4 .4 4.1 .4 .23 _ T o ta l c o m p e n sa tio n ------------------- — - — ------ Employer expe n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e a lth b e n e fit plans ------ — — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance — -----Sick le a v e earned ------ - - - — - - - - — ----------------Workers' compensation - - - - — - - - — -----------— Employer e x pen ditu res fo r unemployment p r o g r a m s -----------— -------------------- -— -------— -----------Unemployment in su ra n c e — ------ -----------------------Severance pay - — ------------------- — — ---------------- 100.0 6 .8 1 .2 5.1 .5 .1 .1 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction b on u ses 3---------- (* ) Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y ro lls 4------— ------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 4- - ------— ----- 91.0 9.0 (* ) (* ) (* ) 4.75 .47 8 .8 .2 .21 .01 ~ 3.8 .5 ~ ~ 91.0 9.0 “ 5.21 .52 - .48 .22 .29 .07 6.7 3.5 7.7 3.6 4. 1 (* ) .37 - 2 .8 .20 7.1 2.3 4.2 .12 .22 .03 .6 .03 - .3 .3 .01 .01 - - - - - - - - - - - “ - - - - - - “ 89.3 10.7 .21 1 .0 1 .0 1 0 0 . 0 $4.95 (* ) 4.79 .58 89.1 10.9 4.63 .56 92.2 7.8 4.97 .42 .1 92.3 7.7 .01 .8 .17 <*) 3.4 3.69 .31 .6 91.9 8 .1 - 4.55 .40 1 0 0 . 0 $5.26 93.6 6.4 .21 .02 4.92 .34 South A tla n tic PerC om p en satio n it e *n cent of com pen sation T otal cu n pen sation ---------------------------------------------- Pay f o r w o r k i n g t i m e -------------------------------------------------------S t r a ig h t .-t im e pay ----------------------------------------------------------P r e m i u m p a y -------------------------------------------------------------------------O v ertim e , h o lid a y , a n d w e e k e n d w o r k -----S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l --------------------------------------------------lay fo r Leave (excep t s ic k leave) ---------------------V acatio n s e a r n e d ------------------------------------------------------------H o lid a y s -------------------------------------- 4------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e r s o n a l l e a v e ---------------------------------------E m ployer S ocial Slate E m ployer e x p en d itu re s fo r for Per Per Dol la r s per work hour cent of com pen sation F lo rid a D o lla rs per work hour cent $5 .7 1 j hour 100.0 $ 4 .0 1 4.61 7 2 .7 3 .1 0 6 8 .4 4 .0 8 7 7 .7 3.70 7 5 .9 2 .62 7 8 .0 3.0 7 6 9 .8 2.79 7 9 .9 4.56 7 2 .7 3. 10 66 .4 3 .95 77 .6 3 .6 9 75 .8 2.61 7 6 .9 3 .02 .05 (*) 2.1 .12 .01 .2 .0 5 2.0 .12 1.2 1 .2 .0 5 .05 6 9 .3 .4 2.78 .9 .9 .4 .02 - * - - 69 .5 3.85 6 0 .8 7 4 .6 . 7 3 . 37 68. 5 3.79 .03 1.1 .6 .03 1.0 .06 .06 . 1 (* > (*) (*) * - - .02 . 37 1 1 .9 .71 7.5 . 35 9 .0 .31 1 0 .3 .40 10 .7 .4 3 .36 ,20 4.4 .25 .21 5 .8 2. 9 . 25 5.7 . 34 . 12 4.9 1.3 .29 .08 4 .6 2.4 .4 .22 .12 .02 5.6 3.3 . 19 . 11 5 .5 4 .8 .2 1 . 19 6.3 4.4 . 18 5.3 3.7 .24 .17 6. 4 3.6 .2 .01 (*) 9 .0 .41 1 1 .3 .6 3 6.7 .38 . 1 5 .0 .18 3.8 7 .5 .21 .42 3.7 .22 3.1 .21 .18. 4.3 (*) 3.7 .1 u - .24 .36 4.2 .1 .02 .02 un em ploym ent (*) - (*) - 1.0 --------------------------------------------------------------------- (*) (*) 1.0 b o n u s e s 3 --------- (♦) (*) - W ages and s a l a r i e s (gro ss p a y ro ll) ------------------S u p p l e m e n t s t o w a g e s a n d s a l a r i e s 5 ---------------------- 8 9 .9 p r o g r a m s ----------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------U n em p loym en t i n s u r a n c e ------------------- ------- ----------------- n o n p ro d u ctio n (*) .2 8 .7 5 .3 .4 in c lu d in g (*) (*) .47 S i c k l e a v e e a r n e d ----------------------------------------------------------W orkers* com pensation ------------------------------------------------ O th er, (*) . 1 . 1 8.2 .42 .07 pay (*) (*) . 56 9.2 .45 Severan ce j (D o lla rs <♦> - - (*) (*) - - .2 5 - 10 .4 .44 8 . 1 .48 11.2 .53 9 .4 .32 5.7 .22 3 .8 . 16 .28 3.9 .20 4.4 4.3 .23 .25 4.2 6 .6 7 .0 .3 3 4.9 . 15 . 17 4 .4 1.3 . 17 .05 7.0 . 17 .28 3 .4 - .16 - 5.8 - .20 - 6 .0 .2 4 8.3 .33 .7 .1 4 . 19 .21 .3 .02 5.6 .2 . 3 5.5 .01 3. 1 6.3 1.4 11.2 4. 3 .45 l i f e b en e fit h e a lth fo r cent | of j per jcompe n-j w o r k sation 1.3 6.4 . 4 ex p e n d itu re s ! $ 3 .9 3 8.2 Em ployer D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent [D o lla rs cen t D o lla rs per of per of of | per per work work com pen com pen-j w o rk com pen w ork com pen js a t i o n hour hour satio n sa tio n j hour satio n hour 100.0 .29 and cent of $ 3 .4 5 .03 h e a lth V irgin ia J Per- 100.0 .7 and acc id en t, Per $ 4 .7 6 6 .4 L ife , T 100.0 p l a n s ----------------in su ra n c e --------- in su ra n c e Per- j V irg in ia $ 5 .9 6 3 .4^ 10.0 D o lla rs of I per co m pen -J w o r k sation | hour P er C aro lin a 100.0 75. 3 <*) Per West South C a ro lin a $ 4 . 27 100.0 (*> cent T M ary lan d 100.0 $ 5 .5 4 (*) D o lla rs per work hour 100.0 (*) Per- of com pen satio n $4 .5 2 100.0 G eo rgia re tire m e n t se c u rity ---------------- - - - ---------------------------------------re tiren en t p la n s ---------------------------------------------exp e n d itu re s North D elaw are 10. 1 - .05 - - .05 - (*) 8.2 .3 5 11 .5 .68 2 .4 5.4 .10 . 23 1.8 .24 9.4 .11 .56 .01 .4 .02 .2 .01 . 25 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (♦) - - (*) 4.06 87 .0 4.82 9 3 .1 5 .32 86.8 3.71 .46 1 3 .0 .72 6 .9 .3 9 13 .2 .56 8 9 .8 1 0 .2 - - - .3 - - - • - * - - * - .2 .01 - - - 5.35 8 8 .5 4.21 .61 1 1 .5 (*) - .01 .5 5 9 0 .5 9.5 3 . 12 .3 3 9 3 .8 6 .2 .01 - 3.69 .24 ~ - .03 .25 .0 5 - - - - - 86 .7 1 3.3 3.47 .53 Compensation item East South C e n tra l Alabama P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Kentucky M is s is s ip p i P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work s a t io n hour s a tio n hour Tennessee P er D o lla r s cent of per compen work sa tio n hour T o ta l compensation ------ ---------------------------- 100.0 $4.38 100.0 $4.35 100.0 $4.74 100.0 $4.23 100.0 $4.00 Pay f o r working time --------— ----- -— - - ------------ — S tra ig h t-tim e pay --------------------------------- ---------Premium p a y ---- -— ---------------------- ------------ --------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend w o r k -------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l ---------------------- ----- — ------ 77.0 76.9 3.38 3.37 3. 32 3.32 79.5 79.5 3.04 3.04 - - - 3.36 3.36 _ * 76.1 76.1 .01 .01 77.3 76.9 .4 .4 - 3.67 3.65 .1 .1 76.2 76.2 - Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k leave) ------------------Vacations earned -------------------------------- -------------H olidays -----------------— — f — - - — ---------------------C iv ic and personal le a v e — -------- -------------------- 8.7 4.7 3.7 .3 .42 9.0 4.6 3.8 .43 .16 9.7 5.0 4.6 .28 .17 . 10 8.3 4.9 3.4 .01 .1 .6 .18 .03 6 .7 4.0 2.4 .3 Employer expenditures f o r retirem ent programs — ------------- -— --------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ---------- - ----------------------- -----------S tate retirem ent p l a n s ------ -------------- ----- --------- 8.9 4.0 4.9 .39 .18 .39 .18 .22 9.0 4. 1 4.8 9.1 3.8 5.3 .43 .18 .25 8.3 4.2 4.1 .35 .18 .17 9.0 4.1 4.9 Employer expen ditures fo r l i f e insurance and health b e n e fit plans -------— - — L i f e , accid e n t, and h ealth insurance - — - — Sick le a v e earned --------------------- ----------------- -— W orkers' compensation -------------------------------------- 5.3 1.3 3.4 .23 .06 .15 .03 5.1 .22 4.6 .22 5.5 .26 .07 .13 .6 2.9 .17 1 .1 4.0 .5 2.4 4.2 .02 .03 .14 .05 .23 .04 . 17 6 .6 1 .6 3 .0 .5 Employer expen ditures fo r unemployment programs — — ----------------- --------------------— ------- — - Unemployment insurance -----------------------------------Severance p a y ------------------- -------------------------------- - .6 O ther, in c lu d in g non production bonuses3 ---------- - Wages and s a la r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll) Supplements to wages and s a la r ie s - - - - ------ - - - 89.1 10.9 .38 .21 * 3.90 .48 — 89.0 1 1.0 - .22 .20 <*> .21 3.88 .48 - 89.2 1 0.8 .02 .02 .22 4.23 .51 - _ - 1 .0 - _ _ - - .01 .33 .20 .13 .36 .16 .19 .10 .02 - - - - - - - - - - 90.2 9.8 3.81 .41 8 8.6 11.4 - 3.54 .46 West South C e n tra l Compensation item Arkansas L o u isian a P er Per P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s of per of per of per compen work compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour Oklahoma P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour T o ta l compensation -------------— ----------------- 100.0 $4.71 100.0 $3.56 100.0 $4.32 Pay f o r working t i m e ------ ----------------- ------ ---------S tr a ig a t-t im e p a y ------ - ----------------- ----- -----------Premium p a y ---------- --------------------------- — ----- — ----Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -------S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ---- --------------- ------- — ----- 76.6 76.0 3.60 3.58 .03 .03 78.3 78.3 - 2.79 2.79 - 76.6 75.9 3.31 3.28 .03 .03 74. 0 74. 0 _ 3.47 3.47 _ - Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) -------- — -----Vacations earned ------ ----- — ------ ----- -------— ----H olidays -----------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and person al l e a v e ---------- — -------* -------- 8.4 5.0 3.3 . 1 .39 .23 .16 <*) 7.1 5.1 7.3 5.3 <*> .31 .23 .08 <*> 9. 5 6.3 3. 2 <*) .25 .18 .07 (* ) .44 .29 .1 5 - Employer expen ditu res f o r retirem ent p r o g r a m s ----------------- - ---------------- ---------------- ---------S o c ia l s e c u r ity ------------------- — - — ------------ ------S tate retirem en t p ia n s 2 ---------------------------- — - - 3.3 4.8 .38 .15 9.8 4.4 5.4 .35 .16 .19 6.9 6.9 .30 .30 6.9 4. 2 2.7 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r l i f e insurance and h ealth b e n e fit p l a n s -----— ----L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h ealth insurance ---------Sick le a v e earned --------------------------------------------W orkers' compensation ------ — --------------------------- 7.0 1.7 4.6 .7 4.8 4.1 .7 .17 .15 9.1 .39 2 .6 .11 5.3 .02 1 .2 .23 .05 9. 6 2.4 5. 2 1. 9 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r unemployment programs --------------------------------------------------------------Unemployment insurance - — -----------------------------Severance pay - — ---------------------------------- J— — - - <*) (* ) “ .6 .6 - 8 .0 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3 ---------- - Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll ) * ----------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5 ---------- — ----- 89.6 10.4 .2 2 .33 .08 .22 .03 <*> (* ) 4.22 .49 2 .0 89.5 10.5 3. 19 .38 .8 .8 1 0 0 . 0 $4.69 - 2 .0 89.2 10.8 3.86 .47 88. 7 11. 3 .32 .20 .13 Texas P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour 100.0 $5.11 76.8 76.1 .7 .7 3.92 3.88 .04 .04 8 .8 .45 .23 4.6 4.0 .2 .20 .01 8.3 4.0 4.3 .20 .22 .45 6 .2 .11 1.5 4.3 .4 .24 .09 4.16 .53 <*> (♦ ) 89.9 10.1 .42 .31 .08 .22 .02 (♦> (♦ ) 4.59 .52 Compensation item Arizona Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tion hour T o ta l compensation ------------------------------- 1 00.0 S5.73 Pay f o r working time S tr a ig h t-t im e pay — -------------------------------- — Premium p a y -------------- — ---------- -------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ------- — ------------------ ----- 75.8 75.4 .4 .4 (* ) 4.34 4.32 Pay f o r le a v e (e xc e p t sic k le a v e ) -------— — Vacations earned -----— -----------------— -----------H olidays -------- ----- --------- - - - --------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1— ---------------- — — 9.6 5.9 3.7 (* ) .55 .34 Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t p r o g r a m s -----------------------------------— ------- ----- -— S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ------------2----------------------------- S tate retirem en t p l a n s -------------------— - — - 7.9 2.9 5.0 .45 .17 .28 8.3 3.9 4 .4 6.5 .37 .06 .26 .06 6 .2 Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r l i f e in suran ce and h e alth b e n e f it pla n s — — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance — Sick le a v e earned ---------------------------------------W orkers• compensation -------------------------------- 1.0 4.5 1.1 .02 .02 <*> .21 (* ) Nevada P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tion hour 100.0 $7.19 100.0 $5.47 100.0 $5.84 100.0 $7.15 75.8 75.8 - 5.45 5.45 - 74.1 74.1 - 4.05 4.05 - 76.3 75.4 .9 .9 - 4.46 4.41 .05 .05 76.3 74.8 1.5 1.5 (* ) 5.45 5.34 1 1.0 .79 .48 .31 - 8.9 6.7 4.3 - .49 .33 .16 - 8.4 5.5 .49 .32 .17 - 9.2 5.9 3.3 - .48 .23 .25 7.3 7.3 .53 .53 .36 * .. - 4.2 .24 5.9 4.7 10.1 6 .3 3.8 (* ) .02 .02 .58 .36 .2 2 (* ) 6 .1 2.9 - 8 .1 .47 .25 6.4 1.4 4. 1 .9 .35 .08 6 .6 1.1 .2 2 4.4 .05 1.1 .6 .6 .03 .03 ~ - .6 - - ” - - - - - - .1 .01 - Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l ) 4 -----------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * -------------- 90.0 5.15 .57 89.7 10.3 5.21 .60 91.5 8.5 6.58 .61 - 3.8 4.3 4.4 5.7 .12 2 .0 .6 2 .8 .55 .24 .31 10.0 .42 .04 .34 .04 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3- — Montana P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour 4.38 4.35 75.4 75.0 •4 * .4 - (* ) (* ) 10.0 Idaho Per cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour $5.80 100.0 Employer exp e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs — ------------- -------------------------- ------ ------Unemployment in su ran ce -------------- — -----------Severance pay - - - - - - - — ----------------------------- (* ) (*> Colorado P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour 87.1 12.9 4.76 .71 .22 .38 .06 .26 .06 - lew Mexico Otah P er Per cent D o lla rs cent of per of compen work compen sation hour s a t io n Vyoaing tr < o 282? " " " S ______ ta___ Hountain P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a tio n hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour 1 0 0 . 0 $4.00 100.0 $5.39 100.0 $5.81 74.5 74.5 - 2.98 2.98 - 7 6.4 76.4 4.12 4.12 77.7 77.4 .4 .4 4.52 4.50 .65 .42 .24 - 10.0 .40 .23 .16 - 9 .2 5.2 4.0 - 8 .6 5.8 4.1 ~ .50 .29 5.5 5 .5 .39 .39 7.4 3.7 3.7 .30 .15 .15 8 .0 .43 4.0 4 .0 .2 1 .22 8.3 .59 .13 .37 .09 8 .1 2 .0 .32 .08 6 .3 1.7 4 .2 .5 .34 .09 1 .8 5.2 1 .2 - .1 1 .10 <*) - .6 .03 .8 .06 89.7 10.3 5.24 .60 91.4 6.53 .61 8 .6 5.0 .20 1 .1 .04 89.5 10.5 3.58 .42 - - - . - -89.8 10.2 .50 .28 .22 - .22 .02 4.84 .55 5.0 3.5 (* ) .02 .0 2 .2 1 (* ) 8.7 4.4 4.3 .51 .25 .25 5.0 .7 4.0 .29 .04 .23 .2 .01 - - 90.4 9.6 5.25 .56 P a c i f ic Compensation item 100.0 $6.69 Pay foe working t i m e ---------- ----- ------ -----------------S tr a ig h t-t im e p a y ---------— ------- — ----- ---------------Premium pay ------------------------ ------ ------------- O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -------S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l --------------------- --------— — - 75.8 75.0 .7 5.07 5.01 .05 .04 .1 .01 Pay fo r le a v e (ex cept s ic k le a v e ) — --------------Vacation s earned — -----------— - - — --------------------H o l i d a y s ----------------------------- ---------------- -— - — C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1 -------- -------------------— 9.8 5.9 3.0 .65 .39 .8 T o t a l c o m p e n sa tio n -----------------— - - - - - - — Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r retirem ent p r o g r a m s ---------- -------- ------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity — — — — ----s t a t e retirem en t pla n s1 2- — - - - - - — — — — -----Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r l i f e in su ra n c e and h e alth b e n e f it plans ---------------L i f e , a c cid e n t, and h e a lth insurance — ----Sick le a v e earned -------------------------------------------Workers* compensation ------------------- ----------------Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs ------------ --------------------------------------------------Unemployment insurance — - - - - — ---- --------------Severance p a y -------— --------------— — — - — -------- .8 1 0 0 . 0 $9.84 71.7 69.1 2 .6 2.5 . 1 Hawaii .01 $6.48 100.0 $7.09 100.0 $5.97 100.0 $6.98 4.90 4.88 70.5 69.3 1.1 1. 1 78.4 76.7 1.7 1.7 - 4.68 4.58 .02 5.00 4.92 .08 .08 77.4 • 76.1 1.3 5.41 5.32 .09 .09 (* ) .75 .46 .29 “ 7.7 5.2 2.5 <*) .46 .31 .15 (* ) .71 .23 .48 7.6 3.6 4.0 .45 . 22. .24 .59 .07 .46 .06 6 .1 6.5 .9 .36 .25 .4 .4 “ .0 3 .03 “ .2 .2 .1 .2 8.4 2.5 5.9 .56 .17 .39 13.1 3.9 9.3 1.29 .38 .91 6.5 5.9 .40 .07 .28 .04 .58 6 .0 1.1 .11 4.3 .4 .43 .04 1.4 4.2 .5 1 .1 4.3 .6 .1 .1 .01 .01 * (*) 89.8 10.2 5.9 - <*) - 6 .0 1 .68 85.3 14.7 Includes military leave. 2 Includes State government contributions to retirement funds, and payments directly to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension systems. 3 Other includes lump-sum payments for merit awards, longevity, awards for suggestions, and other incentive payments and bonuses. 4 Wages and salaries include all direct payments to workers normally shown on IRS W -2 forms and consist of pay for working time; pay for vacations, holidays, sick leave, and civic and personal leave, severance pay, and other compensation (including nonproduction bonuses). * 8.39 1.44 Washington 75.6 75.3 .3 .06 6 .1 Oregon P er P e r cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s per of of per compen work compen work sa tio n hour sa tio n hour 100.0 6 .0 2 .8 1 .0 .20 9.3 7.05 6.80 .25 .25 3.2 “ Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll ) 4------------ ----Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5------------------- C a l if o r n ia .91 .60 .32 - O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3 ---------- 1 Alaska P e r Per Per Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs D o lla rs cent of of per of of per per per compen work compen work compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a tio n hour sa tio n hour hour sa tio n 9.8 8.5 2 .0 ~ <*) 89.6 10.4 (* ) .01 “ .64 .39 . 18 .06 10.6 .55 .13 .42 10 . 1 .39 .09 .27 .03 <*) 5.81 .67 6.5 4. 1 3.3 6 .8 8.4 1 .0 87.7 12.3 6 .2 1 .8 8 4.2 1.9 .10 .10 - 1 .2 (* ) 10.8 5.7 3.9 1 .2 6 .1 2.7 3.4 5.3 .8 .11 4.1 .4 .01 .01 .4 .4 90.3 9.7 5.39 .58 92.3 7.7 .76 .40 .28 .08 .42 .19 .24 .37 .06 .29 .03 .03 .03 * 6.45 .53 5 Supplements to wages and salaries .include all employer expendi tures for compensation other than wages and salaries and consist of ex penditures for retirement programs (including direct pay to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension system), and outlays for life i n s u r a n c e, health benefit programs (except sick leave), and unemployment insurance. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Asterisk (* ) indicates less than . 05 percent or $0. 005. New E n g l a n d States Per C om p en satio n cent of item D o lla rs compen sation T o t a l con pensat L o n --------------------------Pay t o r working time ---------------------------------S t r a i g n t - t i m e pay -----------------------------------Premium pay ------------------- - -----------------------Ov er ti m e, h o l i d a y , and weekend work - S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l -----------------------------Pay f o r l e a v e ( ex ce p t s i c k le a v e ) -----------Va ca ti on s earned ------------------------------------Ho lid a ys -----------------------1--------------------------C i v i c and pe rs on al l e a v e -----------------------Employer ex p e n d i t u r e s f o r r e ti r e m e n t programs ----------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y --------- ----------------------------S ta t e r e t . i r e n e a t pla ns '1--------------------------- j ; Employer e x p e n d i t u r e s f o r L i f e in su ra nc e and h e a l tn b e n e f i t plans --------L i f e , a c c i d e n t , and h eal th insurance ---Sick l e a v e earned -----------------------------------workers* c o m p e n s a t i o n ----------------------------Employer e x p e n d i t u r e s f o r unemployment i programs ----------------------------------------------------- ! Unemployment in surance --------------------------- i Se verance pay ------------------------------------------ I Othe r, i n c l u d i n g non production bonuses3 ---- C on n ecticu t Per per w ork hour M aine Per M assachusetts New Per Per H am p sh ire Rhode Isla n d Verm ont Per P er D o lla rs D o lla rs cent D o lla r s cent cent cent D o lla rs cent cent D o lla rs D o lla rs of of per of per of per of per of per per work com pen work com pen w ork com pen j work com pen work work compen com pen sation hour sation hour satio n hour sation sa tio n | hour hour satio n hour $ 4 .0 4 100.0 $ 4 .7 0 7 9 .4 3 .7 3 75 .9 3 . 39 79. 1 5.22 3.20 74 .8 3.50 73 .1 3 . 27 .02 .02 4 .9 . 23 .02 .6 .6 .20 .8 .04 ~ - 4 .2 . ? 2. 8 2.0 .0 3 .7 10 0 . 0 $ u .9 1 100.0 $ 6 .2 3 100.0 $ 4 .1 0 100.0 $ 4 . 65 76. 9 3.77 7 2 .7 4 .5 3 7 6 .7 3.14 78 .4 3 .6 4 79 .7 76. 4 71 .7 4 . 47 76 .1 3.12 77 .2 1.5 .9 3.70 .07 .04 1.0 1.2 3.5 S .06 . 4 . 6 .03 .5 .5 . 06 .03 8.5 .6 .6 .03 .02 .02 - 100.0 100. C $ 4 .4 7 . 13 . 09 .0 3 .42 9.4 .59 8.4 .34 8.4 . 39 9.0 .36 6.9 .32 9.1 .41 5. C . 25 5.2 3.1 5 .2 .21 4 .6 .21 3.8 . 15 2.3 . 11 4 .8 4. 3 . 21 .19 .01 . 6 * 5.1 3.2 . 1 . 15 .2 . 32 .23 . 04 .23 . 16 5. 2 3.6 .21 3. 3 “ (*) 4 .31 8.2 .51 .23 - .30 9.2 .41 .21 5.0 - 6.5 3.3 4. 9 .39 - .22 .07 . 20 9.5 - 5.3 1.4 3.3 .1 5 .30 .39 5.0 .23 2.1 . 13 .08 3.3 9.5 3.2 .1 5 3.8 5.4 . 24 .29 6. 5. 0 ■ .13 (*) ~ (*) “ * .17 7. 7 . 3S 8.0 .50 6.4 .22 0.2 . 38 6.0 . 24 6 .3 2. . 11 .2 5 2. 5 5 .2 .15 .3 2 .0 3 .18 2.5 5. 1 . 12 .24 .4 .09 .9 .04 6.2 .02 .3 .01 . 5 .02 .4 4 .8 - .21 . 3 4. 4 - .21 .02 .02 .21 .01 1.8 9.4 .01 .01 . 3 .02 .02 - 2 5.C . 4 . 2 .2 .3 .8 - <*) (*) (*) (*) .9 .0 4 (*) (*) (*) (*) .9 .04 .4 .02 1.4 .09 90. d 4 .46 8 8 .7 5 . 52 b 9 .4 3.67 9 1 .9 4 .2 7 9 3 .9 3.79 9 0 .8 4 .26 1 1 .3 .70 10.6 .43 8.1 .38 6.1 .25 9 .2 .4 3 9. 2 . 95 - - - - 5.6 .2 .2 89 .8 10.2 .25 - .01 . 01 4.01 .46 West North C en tral Compensation item Iowa 100.0 $4.38 100.0 $3.99 100.0 $3.71 100.0 $3. 31 100.0 $3.02 3.32 3.31 79.5 79.4 .01 .01 .01 .01 .1 .1 80.1 79.8 .3 78.0 78.0 .2 .2 2.58 2.58 - - (* ) 3.17 3.17 (* ) <*) (♦ ) 2.97 2.96 1 .2 .1 1 .2 76.0 75.7 .3 .3 - 79.1 79.1 ~ 2.39 2.39 “ .36 .23 .13 (* ) 6.8 .31 7.8 5.0 2.7 1*) .34 9.4 9.4 5.0 4.4 ~ 9.1 5.4 3.7 “ 8 .8 6 .8 2 .6 .41 .30 .36 .22 .12 .28 .15 .13 5.6 3.1 2.5 .26 .14 5.2 .27 .04 • 22 .2 .01 10.9 1.4 9.4 (* ) .50 .06 .44 (* ) .01 .01 .01 South Dakota 3.44 3.43 76.8 75.5 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bon u ses*---------- North Dakota $4.41 3.23 3.21 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r unemployment programs ------------------ ------- ----- — ----------------------------Unemployment in su ra n c e ----------------------- ----- ------Severance pay — ------ ------- ------- ----- — ------------- — Nebraska 77.8 77.7 $4. 14 78.0 77.7 .4 Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e a lth b e n e f it pla n s ------------— L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e a lth in suran ce — — — Sick le a v e e a r n e d -------------- -— ----------------------Workers* compensation -------------------------------------- M isso uri P er Per Per P e r D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent cent D o lla r s of of of per of per per per compen work compen work compen work compen work hour sa tio n sa tio n hour sa tio n hour s a t io n hour 100.0 100.0 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r retirem en t programs ---------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity — ---------------------------------------------S tate retirem en t p la n s 2 -------------------- -— — — — Minnesota 3.56 3.50 .06 <♦) .05 1 0 0 . 0 $4.64 T o ta l compensation - - - - -------------- ------ -----Pay f o r working t i m e ---------- — - - — ------------------ — S tr a ig h t-t im e pay -------- ----- ----------— - - — — ----Premium pay - - - - - — ---------------- ------- -— . . . . . . — Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -------S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l Pay fo r le a v e (except s ic k l e a v e ) ------------------V acation s earned ----------------------------------------------H olid ays --------------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1 --------------------------------- Kansas P er P e r Per Per D o lla rs cent cent D o lla rs cent D olla rs cent D o lla rs of of of of per per per per compen work compen work compen work compen work hour sa tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour sation .2 .2 8 .6 5.5 3.1 (* ) 6 .8 3.7 3.0 6 .6 1 .1 <*> (* ) <*) 91.9 8 .1 4.5 .21 2.2 . 10 (* ) (* ) .12 (♦ ) - - (*) • _ (* ) 3.80 .34 93.0 7.0 4* 31 .33 - (* ) “ .11 9.0 4.1 4.9 .40 .18 • 21 7.6 4.2 3 .5 .33 .18 .15 5.8 3.2 2.5 5.3 1.4 3.7 .23 .06 .16 .30 5.6 .11 - .2 .01 6 .9 2.5 4.3 <*) .19 (* ) 5.1 .5 - - _ 1*) 89.3 10.7 (* ) 3.94 .47 .1 .1 89.7 10.3 .22 .15 “ .23 .13 .10 .22 - .20 .02 .1 .3 .01 <*> .01 - - .35 .18 .16 “ 9.1 5.2 3.8 .1 .30 .17 .13 (* ) 6 .0 .2 2 4.4 1.7 .16 .06 7.3 4.6 2.7 .24 .15 .09 7.1 4.6 2.4 5.6 • 18 .03 .13 .15 .14 .02 5.0 * 4.5 .5 3.01 • 29 92.4 7 .6 2.79 .23 4.4 - .16 - 1 .0 4.4 <♦) .16 (* ) 3.9 93.9 3.48 6 .1 .22 91.1 8.9 .6 5.3 3.5 .26 .16 .10 ~ .21 .14 .07 .0 2 <*> (* ) 3.92 .45 93.7 6.3 3.74 • 25 East North C e n tra l P er D o lla rs cent of per compen work sa tio n hour Compensation item Illin o is Indiana Michigan P er Per P er D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent of of per per of per compen work compen work compen work hour sa tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n Ohio Wisconsin Per P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s of of per per compen * o rk compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour T o ta l compensation ------------------------------------ 100.0 $5.09 100.0 $5.37 100.0 $4.22 100.0 $6.35 100.0 $4.24 100.0 $5.22 Pay f o r working t i m e ---------- ----------------- ---------— S tr a ig h t-t im e pay --------------------------------------------Premium p a y -------- --------------- ------ ---------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l --------------------------------------- 74.2 73.0 3.78 3.72 .06 .04 76.7 75.7 1 .0 .6 4.12 4.07 .05 .03 76.8 76.8 (* ) (* ) 72.8 71.4 1.4 3.75 3.73 .03 .2 .02 .9 .1 3.18 3.12 .06 .06 (*> 71.9 71.4 .5 .02 4.62 4.53 .09 .04 .05 75.0 73.6 1.5 1.3 .4 3.24 3.24 (* ) <*> .3 .01 .02 Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) — — - — ------V acation s earned ----------------------------------------------H o l i d a y s -------------- ------------ y — — ----- ---------- — — C iv ic and pe rso n a l l e a v e ----------------— ------------ 7.8 4.9 2.9 <*) .40 .25 .15 (♦ ) 9.7 .52 .32 .18 9.1 4.6 4.4 .12 .1 .48 .33 .15 ” .30 .18 .01 7.6 5.2 2.4 - 2 .8 .2 .38 .19 .19 (♦> 7.1 4.3 3.4 7.8 5.1 2.7 <*) .41 .27 .14 (* ) Employer expen ditu res fo r retirem ent programs --------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity ---------- - -----------------------------------S ta te retirem en t p l a n s ------------------------------------ 8 .8 2 .6 6 .1 .45 .13 .31 8.4 3.9 4.4 • 45 8.5 4.4 4.1 .36 .19 .17 8.7 3 .6 5.1 .55 .23 .32 8.3 8.3 .35 .35 1 1.6 .61 .18 .43 8.5 .43 .14 .25 .04 5 .2 .28 .04 .23 (♦> 5.6 r 1.3 4.1 .24 .05 .17 .41 .01 .59 .24 .31 .04 9.6 2.5 5.9 .2 9 .3 3.7 4 .8 .7 7.9 3.4 4.1 .5 •8 .05 .2 .6 .01 - Employer ex pen ditu res fo r l i f e in su ran ce and h ealth b e n e fit p l a n s ------------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance ---------Sick le a v e e a r n e d --------------------------------- — ------Workers 1 c om pen sation -------- --------------- -----------Employer expen ditu res fo r unemployment p r o g r a m s ------------------- — — - — ----- — --------------------Unemployment in s u r a n c e ---------- ------------- ---------Severance p a y ---------- -----------— - — — — ------------ 1 .2 .7 .4 2 .8 5.0 .7 .4 .1 .2 .02 .01 .01 — .4 .02 Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro s s p a y r o l l ) * ----------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * ------ — --------- 87.6 12.4 4.46 .63 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses^-— 6 .0 .8 4.4 .1 <*> (* ) .21 .24 <♦> <*) - - 90.8 9.2 4.88 .50 <*) 90.0 10.0 (* ) 3.80 .42 .6 <*) 1 .1 .04 .9 .0 6 (* ) 86.7 13.3 5.50 .85 88.0 12.0 <*) .11 .25 .05 <*> 3.74 .51 3.4 8 .2 .3 .3 - .41 .17 .21 .03 .01 .01 - •4 .0 2 84.3 15.7 4.40 .82 Middle A t la n t ic Compensation item P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a t io n hour Mew Jersey Mew York Pennsylvania Per P er Per D o lla r s cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent per of of per of per compen work compen work compen work hour hour sa tio n sa tio n hour sa tio n T o ta l compensation ------------------------------ 100.0 S6.17 1 00.0 $6.53 100.0 $6.77 100.0 $5.01 Pay f o r working time ------------------------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay ---------------------------- ---------Premium pay -------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ----------------— — ------- — 69.5 4.29 4.24 .04 73.7 72.2 1.5 4.82 4.72 66.0 75.7 75.5 3.79 3.78 .10 .8 4.47 4.41 .05 .0 2 .02 1 .1 .07 .03 .3 .5 .03 Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) — -------V acation s e a r n e d ----------------------------------------H olid ays -------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p erson al le a v e 1 --------------- ------ - - 9.4 5.3 3.4 .58 .33 9.7 5.0 4.0 .6 .04 .8 .63 .33 .26 .05 9.6 5.5 3.2 .9 .65 .37 .21 13.6 3.4 • 84 .58 .26 .32 16.6 3.1 13.5 8 .8 • 44 .21 .63 8.9 4.0 4.8 1.13 10.2 .92 3.9 4.9 • 25 7.0 .43 .13 .28 7.5 2.7 4 .7 7.2 .0 2 .1 .49 .17 .31 l*> .49 .18 .28 .03 6.4 •9 5.2 •3 .32 • 05 .26 • 01 .02 .02 <*) 1* ) “ .04 .04 ” “ • Employer expen ditures fo r retirem ent programs - — ------ -------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ----------------— — ----- ----------— S tate retirem en t p la n s 2----------------- ------ -— Employer expen ditu res fo r l i f e in su ran ce and h ealth b e n e fit plans — — — L i f e , a c cid e n t, and h e alth insurance ----Sick le a v e earned — — — — — — — — Workers' com pen sation ---------- — — — — — Employer expenditures fo r unemployment programs — — — — — — — — — — Unemployment insurance — — — — — Severance pay ---------------------- ------ - - - - - - - - - 6 8 .8 .7 .4 .3 2 .2 4.5 .3 .4 .4 “ O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses**-** •1 Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o l l ! * -----------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s ’ — — • * 83.5 16.5 .21 • .4 (*> <*> ■ 65.2 2 .6 4.1 .4 •6 .6 ■ .2 .01 (* ) 5.15 88.4 79.8 1 .0 2 11.6 5.77 .76 (*> 2 0.2 .02 .21 • 06 <•) 5.40 1.37 .2 .2 .0 1 .01 9.0 5.2 3.8 ” 89.9 10.1 .45 .26 .19 ” .20 “ 4.51 • 50 Compensation item South A t la n tic Delaware P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Per D o lla rs cent of per compen work sation hour F lo r id a P e r cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a t io n hour G eorgia Per cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour Baryland Horth C a ro lin a South C a ro lin a V irg in ia P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Per cent D o lla r s of per compen work s a t io n hour Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a tio n hour west V i r g i n ia Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour T o ta l compensation ----------------------------- 100.0 $4.10 100.0 $4.30 100.0 $3.93 100.0 $4.10 100.0 $5.75 100.0 $4.10 100.0 $3.49 1 00.0 $3.60 1 00.0 $3.45 Pay f o r working tim e -----------------------------------S t r a ig a t -t im e pay — — ------------ ----- -----------Premium pay -------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work"* S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l --------------------------------- 74.9 74.0 71.3 70.7 3.06 3.04 72.4 72.2 2.96 2.96 69.0 67.4 2.83 2.81 72.3 72.2 .01 .3 .5 .01 .02 .01 .1 .1 .3 .04 2.50 2.49 <*) <*> 1 .1 .2 1.1 .02 .0 2 - 1 .2 .1 1 .0 .6 .6 - .1 .1 .1 76.9 75.6 1.3 78.7 78.1 .02 .0 1 .01 3.13 3.08 .05 <*) .04 2 .6 8 .02 .0 2 3.97 3.88 .09 .03 .06 76.2 75.1 .6 .6 79.0 78.6 .4 3.11 3.09 .8 3.07 3.04 .03 <*> Pay f o r le a v e (e xc e pt sick le a v e ) -----------V acation s earned ---------------------------------------H o l i d a y s ---------- ------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1 ------------------------- 9.7 5.6 3.8 .3 .40 .23 .15 .42 .26 .16 - 8 .8 .35 10.4 5.1 4.4 .9 .60 .29 .25 .05 .35 10.6 .21 4.1 “ .15 ~ 6.3 4.3 .2 .2 2 .12 .01 10.0 6 .0 .36 5.3 3.0 9.9 5.8 4 .2 - .35 .20 .12 .02 .42 .27 . 15 (* ) 8 .6 5.2 3.2 .5 1 0.2 6 .6 Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t prog rams S o c ia l s e c u r ity - - - - - - — --------------------------St at e retirem en t p la n s 2 ------------------------- — 8.3 4.0 4.3 .34 .16 . 18 11.6 .50 .17 .32 7.8 4.4 3.3 .30 .17 .13 6 .2 .40 .15 .25 7 .7 4.4 3.4 .45 .25 .19 11.4 4.1 7.3 .47 .17 .30 7.5 3.2 4.3 Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit pla n s -------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth in su ra n c e — Sick le a v e earned ------------------------- — ----- — W orkers' compensation -------- 7.0 .29 .03 .25 7.4 1. 1 .17 7 .6 2 .2 .31 .09 4.3 .17 .73 .13 .58 3 .5 .14 5.7 5.6 .01 .3 .01 .2 .01 5.4 (* ) 12.8 2 .2 10.2 .15 - 6 .0 .32 .05 .26 4.4 .8 6 .0 .2 .4 .02 .1 .01 .01 9.7 6 .1 3.6 ~ 4.1 7.5 .1 - 3.6 <*) 9.8 3.7 <*) (* ) .22 (* ) 1 .6 .5 3.6 - - 2.63 .05 .20 .14 • 26 .11 5.0 3.8 . 15 1 .2 .20 6.3 .1 .19 <*> .1 6 .1 .1 92.4 7.6 3.22 .26 94.8 5 .2 <*> .37 .22 .1 .15 <*> .18 .14 .04 9.6 4.0 5.6 .33 .14 .19 .23 <*) 7.4 .9 .26 .03 .22 6 .2 .21 .01 <*) .3 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r unemployment Unemployment in su ra n c e - — ---------------------Severance p a y ----------------------------- --------------O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bo n u se s-— (* ) 90.6 9.4 (* ) 3.72 .38 : 87.1 12.9 - 3.74 .56 : : 92.1 7.9 3.62 .31 «. 88.0 1 2.0 (♦) 3.60 .49 89.6 10.4 <*) 5.15 .60 .1 88.4 11.6 .01 3.63 • 47 3.41 .19 89.2 10.8 3.08 .38 East South C e n tra l Compensation item T o ta l compensation ----------------------------------- 1 00.0 $3.49 Pay fo e working t i m e ---------- -— - — - — - — ---------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay ------------ ------------------------------Premium pay -------------------------------------------------------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — — S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — — — — — — — — 77.1 76.6 .5 2.69 2.67 Pay fo r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) ------------------Vacation s e a r n e d -------------— ----- — — — — — . H o l i d a y s -------------- --------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l leave -------------------------------Employer e xpen ditu res fo r retirem ent programs --------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ---------- -— - — --------- — ----- — - - S tate retirem en t plans 2 ------------------------------- -Employer ex pen ditu res fo r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit p l a n s ---------- ----L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h ealth insurance ---------Sick le a v e e a r n e d ------ — — — ------------ — — ----W orkers' com p e n sa tio n -----— — ----- -— — — — .1 M is s is s ip p i .0 2 (* ) 100.0 $3.83 100.0 $2.70 100.0 $3.18 3.17 3.15 76.2 74.7 2.92 1 .6 2 .1 2 2 .1 1 .01 77.0 76.9 .01 78.6 78.2 .3 2.45 2.45 (* ) (* ) 77.3 76.9 .4 .1 (* ) (* ) 2 .8 6 .06 (* ) .06 .3 .01 1 .6 8 .8 8 .8 .36 5.1 3.6 <*) .31 .18 .13 (* ) 4.8 3.9 .1 . 16 (* ) 9.0 5.3 3.7 - .14 - 7.9 4.0 3.9 .28 .14 .14 6 .9 3.9 3.1 .28 .16 .13 9.5 4.0 5.5 .21 6 .2 .2 2 6.9 .28 1.7 4.4 .1 .06 .15 <*) 2 .6 .11 4. 3 - . 18 - 5.2 .7 4.1 .5 .1 .1 .01 .01 - - .1 .1 90.3 9.7 (* ) (* ) 3.15 .34 Tennessee P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour 1 0 0 . 0 $4.10 .02 O ther, Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o l l '4— — — ----Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * ------------------ Kentucky .5 Employer expen ditu res fo r unemployment p r o g r a m s -------------------------------------- ----- ---------- -------Unemployment insurance — - - - - - - - - — --------Severance p a y ------ ------------ ------------— ------ — in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3 ---------- Alabama Per P e r Per P er D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent per of of of of per per per compen work compen work compen work compen work s a t io n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour sa tio n hour 90.4 9.6 .20 .34 .20 .36 .15 .1 .3 .01 - 7.9 5.1 .21 . 14 .07 (* ) 8.9 5.4 3.5 - .22 .11 *11 7.7 4.0 3.7 .14 (* ) .14 (* ) 6.5 .21 2 .0 .06 .14 - 2 .8 (* ) 8 .2 4.2 3.9 .20 .02 5.3 .16 5.1 .02 .1 - - . 1 - - .1 - - - - - - - - 3.71 .39 89.4 10.6 3.42 .41 (* ) .1 .1 .2 91.5 8 .5 4.5 - .28 .17 .11 .24 .13 .12 <*) (* ) - - - - - - 2.47 .23 90.3 9.7 2.87 .31 West South C e n tra l Compensation item T otal compensation — - — ------ ------------— - Pay f o r working time — - — -------- — - — ------------ — S tra ig h t-tim e pay --------------------------------------------Premium p a y ------------------------------------------------------Overtime, h o lid a y , and weekend work - — - S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------------------------- — — P er D o lla rs cent of per compen work sa tio n hour 100.0 $3.43 100.0 $3.68 100.0 $3.46 100.0 $3.62 2.82 2.81 76.6 76.0 2.63 2.61 80.0 79.3 2.94 2.92 75.1 75.1 .6 .6 .02 .02 .6 .02 .01 .01 .1 78.0 77.5 .4 2.83 2.81 .02 .01 .01 2.60 2.60 (* ) <*) (* ) .29 .17 9.2 5.9 3.1 .29 .19 . 10 <*) 8.5 4.2 4.1 .2 .3 8 .1 7.2 2.3 4.9 6.5 in clud in g nonproduction b o n u se s3- - — - - Wages and s a la r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll ) 4 ----------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5— - - - - - - Texas $3.61 Employer expenditures fo r retirem ent programs --------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l se c u rity -----------------------------------------------S tate retirem ent p la n s 2 ---------------------------------- O ther, Oklahoma 78.2 77.8 .5 a. 7 3.2 . 1 Employer expenditures fo r unemployment p r o g r a m s ----------------------------------------- -— - — ---------Unemployment insurance — Severance pay - — - - - - - - - - - - - - - — - — ---------- L o u isian a 100.0 Pay fo r leave (except sic k leav e) ------------------Vacations earned ---------------------------- --------H o l id a y s ---------- -— — — — ------------- -------- ------C iv ic and person al leave 4 ---- -------------------------- Employer expenditures fo r l i f e insurance and health b e n e fit plans - - — -------L i f e , a cciden t, and health insurance — - - - Sick leave earned — — --------------------------- -------Workers' compensation --------- — — - — - — --------- Arkansas P er P er Per Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of per of of of per per per compen work compen work compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour sa tio n hour sa tio n hour 1.6 tt. 6 .3 1* ) (* ) 90.9 9.1 .32 .3 .4 7.2 4.8 2.3 .2 .20 .10 .01 .26 .08 .18 9.2 4.4 4.8 .32 . 15 .17 5.8 5.8 .23 .06 .16 5.0 .12 (* ) .01 (♦ ) (* ) ~ 3.28 .33 .1 .17 7.0 .2 .01 1 .8 4.3 .5 .15 4.8 .4 ** 90. 1 9.9 .02 “ 3.09 .34 “ ~ 92.0 8.0 .26 .18 .09 (* ) <*) {* ) 8.4 5.6 2 .8 .1 .2 .3 .1 .21 8 .2 - 4.4 3.7 .28 .15 . 13 7.7 3.2 4.5 8.3 2.5 4.8 .9 .2 9 .09 .17 .03 5.8 1.4 4.4 - (*> (* ) .21 .26 .07 .18 .01 3.39 .29 ~ 88.4 1 1.6 3.06 .40 .1 90.8 9.2 .02 .01 .01 .31 .15 .15 <*) .28 .12 .16 .21 .05 .16 (*> (* ) (* ) 3.29 .33 Mountain Compensation item Arizona P er Per D olla rs cent D olla rs cent per of per of compen work compen work hour sa tio n hour sa tio n Idaho Colorado Montana Nevada New Mexico P er P er Per P e r Per D o lla rs cent D o lla rs D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent cent D o lla rs cent of per of per of per of of per per compen work compen work compen work compen work compen work hour s a tio n hour sa tio n hour sa tio n hour sa tio n hour sa tio n Wyoming Utah P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs per per of of compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a tio n hour T o ta l compensation ---------- — -------------- 100.0 $4.52 100.0 $4.91 100.0 $5.23 100.0 $3.40 100.0 $3.82 1 00.0 $4.92 100.0 $3.72 100.0 $4.80 100.0 $3.18 Pay fo e working time ------------------------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay - - - - - - - - - - - - - - — -------Premium pay — ---------------------------------------------Overtim e, h oLiday, and weekend work S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l --------------------------------- 78.2 77.8 .4 .3 3.53 3.52 76.1 75.9 3.74 3.73 78.7 78.5 4.11 4.10 2.55 2.53 78.5 76.3 .01 .1 .1 .01 .01 .01 .01 2.1 2 .1 76.8 73.7 3.1 1.3 .1 .1 .01 - - 78.6 78.6 ~ 3.78 3.78 - 79.0 79.0 “ 2.51 2.51 - .01 3.78 3.63 .15 .06 .09 2.92 2.92 .2 . 1 .1 3.00 2.92 .08 .08 - 78.5 78.3 .02 .01 74.9 74.5 .4 .4 - .49 .27 9.2 5.4 3.7 8.4 5.5 2.9 - .29 .19 . 10 - 6.5 4.8 .46 .30 .15 - 9.3 5.6 3.6 ~ 9 .0 5.2 3.6 .20 .11 .1 .43 .25 .17 (* ) 6 .2 3.1 - ~ .08 ” 9 .5 4.1 5.4 .32 .1 4 .18 8 .2 .31 .16 .16 5. 5 5.5 .27 .27 2 .8 .2 2 .11 .10 6 .9 2.9 4.0 .33 .14 .19 8.4 4.0 4.3 .27 .13 .14 6. 8 2.3 3 .8 .23 .08 .13 .03 6 .8 .26 .05 .15 .06 8.4 .41 5.8 .21 1 .0 .27 • 05 6.5 .10 1 .0 .03 5.2 .25 • 06 4.5 .3 • 21 .04 .17 5.6 2 .0 .22 .01 .1 (* ) 3.6 1.9 .06 • 01 .01 " " ~ • 02 • 02 (* ) (♦ ) (* ) (♦ ) - ~ - - Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) — - - - - Vacations earned -----— ------------------------------H olidays - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - C iv ic and p erson al le a v e 1 ------------------------Employer exp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t programs -------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity — ----------------- — — - — ------S tate retirem en t p lan s 2---------- — ----- ----- — Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit pla n s -------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance - Sick le a v e earned - — — ------------ — -------- — W orkers• compensation — — Employer exp e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs ------ ---------- ----- ------------------ -----------— Unemployment insurance — — — — — — — — Severance pay — — — — — — — — -----O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 9 — Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l ) 4 ---------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * — — * " .1 8 .8 5.3 3.5 .1 6 .8 1.9 4.8 6 .1 .8 (♦) 9.9 5.5 4.3 .31 .09 8 .6 .42 6 .0 4.1 4.5 .20 .22 6 .0 .31 .31 5.3 4.4 .9 .26 - 6 .1 .32 .5 5.1 .5 .02 .22 .27 .04 .21 .6 .03 .2 .21 .01 .22 .05 “ - - (♦ ) <*) “ - - - - .1 91.7 8.3 .48 .28 .40 .24 .16 (* ) 4.6 .1 (* ) 4.14 .38 90.4 9.6 4.44 .47 .1 - .20 .01 .26 .03 .8 “ 1 .8 4.1 4.1 1.3 3.9 1 .6 - - ~ “ - - - - - - 4.86 .37 87.0 13.0 2.96 .44 .25 .18 .07 “ •4 .4 - ~ 93.0 7.0 * - 88.9 11.1 3.40 .42 1 .8 9.3 6 .2 1 .2 91.3 8.7 • “ 4.49 .43 (*> 5.8 3.0 .7 .7 92.3 7.7 (* ) (♦ ) .35 .21 .14 * 3.44 • 29 1 .0 4.5 92.1 7 .9 4.42 .38 3.6 2 .6 88.7 11.3 .11 .~ — 2.82 .36 Alaska P a c ific P erPer cent D ollars cent D o lla rs of per of f t compen- work compen work n ation hour hour s a t io n Compensation itom C a lifo r n ia Hawaii Oregon Washington Per P er Per Per D o lla r! cent D o lla rs cent D ollars cent D o lla r s cent of o£ pe r of of f t per f t compen work compen work compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour s a t io n hour —— 1 00.0 $5.50 $ 9 .0k 100.0 $6 . 0 2 1 00.0 $3.61 100.0 $4.57 Fay fo e working t i m e -------------------------------------- — S tr a ig h t-t im e pay — — — ——— ---------Premium pay Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend w o r k -------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l — — ———— — —— 76.4 75.0 1.5 72.8 70. k 2 .k 1.5 .9 6.58 6.36 • 22 .13 • 08 76.3 7k.8 1.5 .9 k.60 4.51 • 09 •05 • 03 6 9.3 66.9 2.4 1.9 •5 2.50 2.42 • 09 .07 •02 78.4 78.0 .4 .4 •1 3.88 3.86 77.9 76.1 •02 .02 1 .8 3.56 3.48 •08 .8 •6 4.21 U. 13 • 08 • OS .03 Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) — — —— Facet ion s earned — — — — — — — — — — — H olid ays — — — — — — -------. . . . . . . . — C iv ic and personal le a v e 1 — —— — —— 9 .0 5.1 3 .* •6 .89 • 28 .18 • 03 10.9 7.2 3.6 .99 • 65 .33 9.k 5.1 3«k .1 .01 .8 .56 .31 • 21 • OS 11.3 7.0 4.4 - .41 .25 • 16 - 6 .9 4 .0 2 .9 <*> • 14 (* ) Employer expen ditu res f o r retirem ent programs — — — — — — — — — — —— — S o c ia l se c u r ity — — — — — — — — — — — S ta te retirem en t p la n s * — — — — 7.2 .40 .07 .33 9.k 3.3 .85 .30 .55 7.0 .42 8 .6 .31 8 .8 1 .2 6 .0 .2 6 .8 .01 3.3 5.2 .12 .41 .19 4 .5 4 .3 .38 .06 .25 .07 6 .9 .43 .07 .28 .08 10.2 1 .8 .37 .07 .2 5 .05 .02 .02 .5 .5 • .02 .0 2 T o t a l coapensation — — — — — — — Employer e x pen ditu res f o r l i f e in su ran ce and h ealth b e n e fit plans L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h ealth insurance ---------Sick le a v e earned — — — — — — — —— W orkers' compensation — — — — — — Employer expen ditu res fo r unemployment programs Unemployment insurance — — — ------------------------Severance pay — — — — — — — — o u te r , in c lu d in g nonproducrion bonuses Wages and s a l a r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll) 4— ------ ----- Supplements to wages and sa la rie s^ * • * * “ • “ “ * • * 6 .8 1 .2 4 .5 1 .2 .5 .5 ” (*> 89.9 10.1 100.0 6 .1 1 .8 5.1 •k .03 .03 “ — _ (* ) k.95 .56 8 8.8 11.2 1 Includes military leave. 2 Includes State government contributions to retirement funds, and payments directly to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension systems. 3 Other includes lump-sum payments for merit awards, longevity, awards for suggestions, and other incentive payments and bonuses. 4 Wages and salaries include all direct payments to workers normally shown on IRS W-2 forms and consist of pay for working time; pay for vacations, holidays, sick leave, and civic and personal leave, severance pay, and other compensation (including nonproduction bonuses). .63 .13 .k 6 .03 - _ 8.03 1 .0 1 •6 7.1 1 .2 k. 6 1.3 .3 .3 “ _ 90.2 9.8 7.0 1.4 _ (* ) <*> 5.44 .59 87.6 12.4 3.16 .45 1 0 0 . 0 $4.95 .5 •02 1 .2 . 06 .34 8 .1 .20 4.7 3.2 .37 • 22 .14 .2 .01 • 43 6.7 .22 .21 2 .6 • 31 • 12 .18 5 .3 3.8 1.5 .26 .19 .08 6 .0 .8 .27 .07 .17 .04 .6 .6 • 03 .03 • 1.4 1.4 .06 .06 _ 89.1 10.9 (♦ ) . 4.41 .54 4.1 1.5 3.7 _ 89.6 10.4 _ 4.09 .48 5 Supplements to wages and salaries include all employer expendi tures for compensation other than wages and salaries and consist of ex penditures for retirement programs (including direct pay to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension systems), and outlays for life insurance, health benefit programs (except sick leave), and unemployment insurance. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Asterisk (* ) indicates less than . 05 percent or $0. 005. New England S ta te s Compensation item Per P er cent D olla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work s a t io n hour sa tio n hour T o ta l compensation ------------------------------- 100.0 $5.86 Pay fo r working t i m e ------— ------- ------- - - - - — S tr a ig h t-t im e pay ---------------------------------- -— Premium p a y ------------- ------ ----- ----- — — - - - - - Overtim e, itoLiday, and weekend work — S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l -----------------------------— - 74.4 74.1 .3 .3 . 1 4.36 4.34 Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) — ---------Vacations earned -------------------------- ------------H olidays --------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and person al le a v e 1 -------------------- -— 8 .8 .52 .30 Employer expe n d itu res f o r retirem en t p r o g r a m s ---------------- -— ------ ----- --------- ----- --------S o c ia l s e c u r it y -------------------------------------------S tate retirem en t p l a n ^ --------------------- — - — 5. 1 3.5 .3 .02 .01 (*> .20 .01 7.2 .42 Vermont P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work hour sation $4.73 100.0 $5.84 100.0 $4.87 100.0 $5.24 100.0 $5.74 78.5 78.4 .1 3.82 3.81 <*> (♦> 75.2 74.7 .5 .5 3.94 3.92 .03 79.2 78.5 .7 .4 4.55 4.51 .04 •1 75.6 75.3 .3 .3 (♦ ) 4.42 4. 40 .02 .01 .01 3.61 3.60 <*) (*> <*) 9. 0 4. 8 3. 5 •6 .63 .34 .25 .04 9.1 5.8 3.2 8.7 5.1 3.5 .1 .43 .28 .15 <*> 7. 7 3. 1 4. 7 .55 .33 9.7 9.7 .46 .46 6.5 6.5 10. 0 5. 0 .70 .36 .33 .6 .23 .03 4.3 .20 .02 .1 (* ) 9.1 3.8 4.9 .5 .29 .03 5 .5 (* ) .03 .03 (*> (*) <*> (*> (* ) <*) (*> (* ) (* ) (*> (* ) - (* ) <*) - - - <*) (* ) - - 2 .33 Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit plans - — — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance — Sick le a v e earned ---------------------------------------W orkers• compensation -------------------------------- 8.5 3.3 4.9 .3 .49 .19 .28 Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r unemployment p r o g r a m s ---------- - — ------------------------- ---------------Unemployment insurance — — — — — —-----Severance pay —— — — — — — — — — — .3 .3 (* ) .01 .01 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3 ----- .9 .05 3. 2 .23 Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l )4— — — Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5 -------------- 88.9 5.21 .65 86. 5 6.13 .95 P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour 76.2 76.1 .10 11.1 Rhode Isla n d P er P er Per D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent of per of per of per compen work compen work compen work hour hour sa tio n sation hour sa tio n 100.0 69. 7 69. 4 . 3 1 .6 (*> M assachusetts New Hampshire 4.93 4.92 1 0 0 . 0 $7.08 5.6 .0 2 Maine Connecticut 4. 7 •3 13. 5 .22 (*> (*> 5.0 89.6 10.4 4.24 .49 .1 89.3 10.7 .02 .0 2 <*) .51 .30 .1 .1 - .1 .02 .2 .02 .0 1 .02 9.3 5.1 4.2 (*> .53 .29 .24 <*> .44 .19 .25 5.6 4.3 1.3 .32 .25 .07 .38 5.9 .34 .05 .29 <*> (*> 8.9 5.3 3.5 <*> .43 .26 .17 (* ) 4.6 3.1 .4 .38 .38 6.5 3.7 .32 .18 . 14 8.4 3.6 4.7 .53 6 .1 .29 7.2 .22 .4 5.4 .3 .02 2 .0 .10 .8 .26 5.2 <*> .27 <*) 5.1 (* ) 1 .1 1.1 .06 .06 - .21 (* ) 5.22 .63 2 .8 92.7 7.3 .01 4.51 .35 8 .1 .42 .24 .16 * 88.5 11.5 4.64 .60 93.6 6.4 5.38 .37 compi-fton In 1912 Compensation item R id dle h t la n t ic He* Jersey Hew York Pennsylvania P er cent D ollars of per compen work s a tio n hour Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Per D o lla rs cent of per compen work sa tio n hour $7.02 100.0 $7.26 $8.18 100.0 i$5. 56 Pay fo r working time - - — -------- - - - - - - S tra ig h t-tim e pay — — — — — — — — — Premium pay — — — — — — — — — — — Overtime, h o lid a y , and weekend work S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l — — — — —— 70.5 70.1 .4 •3 C*> 4.95 4.92 75.4 74.6 .8 .8 5.37 5.34 • 03 4.20 4.19 (*> (* ) (* ) 65.6 65.3 •4 .3 •1 75.5 75.5 .0 2 .02 5. 48 5.42 .06 • 06 1* ) Pay f o r le a v e (except sick le a v e ) -------Vacat ions earned — — — — — — — — — Holidays — — — — — — — — — — — C iv ic and personal l e a v e - - - - - - - — - - - 9.2 5.4 3.4 .5 .65 .38 • 24 .04 9.2 4 .9 3.4 .9 .67 .36 .24 • 06 9.1 5.4 3.1 .7 .74 .44 .25 .05 9 .5 5.6 3.9 (* ) 17.3 3.1 14.2 1.41 • 25 1.16 2.9 5.0 7.4 .60 .18 • 32 T otal compensation — — — — — — — Employer expen ditu res fo r retirem en t programs — — — — —— —— ———— S o c ia l s e c u r ity — — — — — — — — State retirem ent p la n s *— — — Employer ex pen ditu res fo r l i f e insurance and h ealth b e n e fit p la n s — L i f e , a c cid e n t, and health insurance Sick le a v e e a r n e d --------------------- -------- -■ Workers' compensation -------------------------Employer expen ditu res fo r unemployment programs — ------ --------------------— ----------------Unemployment insurance -----------------------Severance pay — --------------------- — ------------ 100 .0 C*) 1 2.8 .90 8 .2 3.1 9.6 .22 .6 8 3 .5 4.8 .60 .25 .35 7 .2 1.9 4.6 .7 .51 .13 .32 .05 7.0 2.4 4.6 ~ .51 .17 .33 • .3 .3 .0 2 .02 _ O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3 <*> Wages and s a la r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o ll )4 ------Supplements to sag e s and s a l a r i e s * — — 84.3 15.7 (* ) _ _ .1 5.92 89.4 1 .1 0 10.6 . 01 . 6.49 .77 100.0 2 .2 3.9 1.3 .6 .6 78.7 21.3 .0 2 .01 .1 .1 - 8 .0 7 .0 1 .1 .11 5.6 .3 .05 .05 {♦> (* ) 6.43 1.74 <*> 90.7 9.3 .53 .31 .22 (♦> • 44 .16 .28 .39 .0 6 .31 .01 (*> (* ) <*> 5.04 .52 East North C e n tra l Compensation item 100.0 $5.98 Pay f o r working time - - — ---------- ------------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay ----------------- — ----------- ------ Premium p a y -------------- ----------------------— ------ -- Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work -------S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l ------— 76.3 75.8 .4 .3 4.56 4.53 .03 Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k le a v e ) ---------------- - Vacations e a r n e d ---------------------------— -------------H olidays — ---------------------------C iv ie and person al l e a v e 1------------------------------ - 7.9 4.6 3.0 .3 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r retirem ent programs ---------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity — State retirem en t p la n s 2 ------------------------- ---------Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r l i f e in su ran ce and h e alth b e n e fit plans ---------------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance ---------Sick le a v e e a r n e d ----------------- -------- ----- -----------W orkers* compensation — — — — — — — — T o ta l compensation Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r unemployment p r o g r a m s ------— -------- ----- ------------------------------- -----Unemployment insurance — — — — — — —— Severance p a y --------------------------------- ----- ----- ------ Illin o is Per P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work sation hour sa tio n hour Hichigan Ohio W isconsin P er Per cent D o lla rs cent D o lla r s of of per per compen work compen work sa tion hour sa tio n hour 1 00.0 $5.02 100.0 $6.83 100.0 $5.19 100.0 $6.17 76.9 76.7 4.62 4.60 79.3 79.1 3.98 3.97 76.1 75.4 .01 .01 .01 .8 - - 4.04 4.00 .03 .03 - 71.3 71.0 .3 .0 2 .01 .1 .1 77.8 77.1 .7 .7 4.40 4.38 .2 .1 .1 5.20 5.14 .05 .03 .47 .28 .18 9.6 5.4 3.6 .57 .32 .22 4.9 3.6 .6 .04 .1 7 .8 4.8 2.7 .3 .48 .30 .17 .02 .32 .17 3.2 3.0 . .15 (*> <*) 8.3 2.5 5.8 .50 .15 .35 7.3 .44 .16 .28 6.4 3.8 .45 12.6 2 .6 .45 8 .8 .78 .24 .54 7 .0 2.4 4.4 .3 .42 .14 .26 .1 .1 .01 .01 .1 (* ) .02 (* ) 1 0 0 . 0 $6 . 0 0 Indiana P er P er cent D o lla rs cent D o lla rs of per of per compen work compen work sa tio n hour sa tio n hour 4.7 .01 8 .6 2 .6 1.5 4.6 (♦ ) .37 .09 .27 (* ) 4.4 (* ) <*) <*> (* ) (* ) (*> <*> (* ) 6 .1 O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses 3---------- .3 .0 2 (* ) Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll) ---------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * - ----------------- 68.9 5.31 .67 91.1 8.9 11.1 <*) (*> 5.46 .53 5.8 1 .1 .2 92.3 7.7 .5 .3 .43 .24 .18 <*) 6.5 4.3 .32 . 19 .13 7 .9 3.0 4.8 .29 .06 8 .2 .22 .01 <*) (*> 4.63 .39 2 .2 3 .6 4.3 .3 .3 .3 .02 .44 .29 .15 .54 .21 .33 6 .2 8.7 8.7 .2 .2 3.8 .02 .01 .01 .0 2 .56 .25 .29 7.3 .38 2 .2 4.1 .11 .21 7.6 3.2 4.3 .26 .02 1 .0 .05 .1 .01 .3 .3 ,.0 2 .02 .02 .0 2 _ _ _ ~ - 1 .0 .07 87.9 6 .0 0 8 8.1 12.1 .83 11.9 4.57 .62 .47 .20 .1 .02 83.7 16.3 5.17 1.01 West Horth Cent r a l Compensation item 01 01 Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour T o t a l compensation ---------- -— -------------- 100.0 $4.93 Pay fo r working t i m e ------------ ----- -— -------------S tr a ig h t-t im e p a y ---------------------------------------Premium pay - - - - - - - — - — - — ------------- — — Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work - S h i f t d i f f e r e n t i a l ---------------------------------- 77.1 76.9 3.80 3.79 .2 .2 .01 .01 (* ) (♦) Pay fo r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) -------------Vacations earned - — - — —— — — — — — — H olid ays --------------------------------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1 - - - - - - - - — ------ 9.0 5.4 3.6 (* ) Employer e xpen ditu res f o r retirem ent programs - - - - - - - — ------------------------- — — -------S o c ia l s e c u r ity -------------------------------------------S ta te retirem en t pla n s z-----------------------------Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit plans -------- L i f e , a c cid e n t, and h e alth insurance - — Sick le a v e earned ---------------------------------------W orkers' compensation -------- ---------------------Employer e xpen ditu res f o r unemployment p r o g r a m s -------- ----------------------- ------------- -------- Unemployment insurance - - - - - Severance p a y ----------------------------------------------- Kansas M isso uri Nebraska North Dakota South Dakota P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour Per cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour 1 00.0 $5.09 100.0 $5.59 100.0 $4.41 100.0 $4.36 100.0 $4.37 100.0 $4.40 4.01 4.01 (♦ ) <*> (* ) 78.7 78.7 <*> (* ) - 4.01 4.00 (* ) (* ) 79.1 78.3 .7 .7 - 4.42 4.38 .04 .04 " 75.7 75.6 <*) <*) (*> 3.34 3.33 (* ) (* ) <*) 78.2 78.2 (* ) (* ) (* ) 3.41 3.41 <*) (* ) (* ) 79.2 79.2 3.46 3.46 . 79.7 79.7 (♦ ) (* ) 3.51 3.51 (* ) (* ) <♦) .44 .26 .17 (*) 7.5 4.8 2.7 (* ) .41 .26 .14 <*) 7.2 4.4 2.7 4.0 (* ) .45 .27 .18 <*) 8.3 4.5 3.8 (* ) 9.3 5.7 3.6 9.2 5 .7 3.3 .41 .25 .14 .01 .55 .31 .23 - .36 .1 9.8 5.6 4.2 - 10.3 .14 .2 .01 7.3 3.7 3.6 .36 .18 .18 7.1 3.8 3.3 .39 8.9 3.5 5.4 .45 .18 .27 5.7 .32 .15 .17 8 .1 .36 8 .6 6 .0 4.6 3.5 .20 3.0 .15 4.3 4.4 .26 .19 .08 6 .6 1.0 .33 .05 .27 11.9 1.3 6 .0 .26 .4 .02 3 .5 - .11 .20 .01 .27 .07 .19 (♦) .31 .2 5.2 1.4 3.8 (*> 5.5 10.2 .65 .07 .56 2 .0 5.5 - 5.7 .3 (*) (*) . (* ) (♦) (* ) <*> (* ) <*) •- (*> (* ) (* ) (* ) Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll ) 4 -----------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5---------- - 91.6 8.4 1* ) (*) 4.51 .42 1 0 0 . 0 $5.46 Hinnesota P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour 73.4 73.4 (* ) (* ) <*> O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3— - Io wa Per P er cent D olla rs cent D o lla rs of of per per compen work compen work sa tio n hour s a t io n hour (♦ ) 91.2 8 .8 .21 .18 (♦ ) <*> (* ) 4.98 .48 89.6 10.4 .36 .22 4.56 .53 2 .6 (* ) 92.4 7.6 (* ) 5. 16 .43 6 .2 - 91.6 8.4 - .25 .01 - 4.8 .1 4.6 (♦ ) - 4.04 .37 (* ) 91.2 8 .8 - - - - .1 .1 .41 .25 .15 (*> .38 .19 .19 6.7 3.2 3.5 .29 .14 .15 4.2 .21 .01 .20 4.8 .21 4.9 .6 .03 .17 4 .8 .02 .2 . - .1 .1 .20 .17 (* ) (* ) 3.8 .4 - . - (* ) 3.98 .38 92.3 7.7 4.03 .34 1 .8 _ 93.7 6.3 .22 _ .21 .01 (* ) (* ) 4.13 .28 South A t la n tic Delaware Per P er D o lla rs cent D ollars cent of of per per compen work compen work s a t io n hour sa tio n hour Compensation item T o ta l compensation ----- ----- ------- -------------- 100.0 $5.10 100.0 $5. 00 F lo r id a G eorgia Vest V i r g in ia Maryland Worth C a ro lin a South C a ro lin a ▼ irg in ia P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sation hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation , hour 100.0 $4.60 100.0 $4.73 100.0 $4.36 P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour P er D o lla rs cent of per compen work sation hour P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour 100.0 $4.95 100.0 $4.86 100.0 $6.70 100.0 $5.31 Pay f o r working time — — — — — — ——— S tr a ig h t-t im e pay — - — ------- — — -------- — Premium pay — -------------------------------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work ----S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------------------------------- 75.7 75.2 .4 .4 .1 3.86 3.84 .02 .02 (*> 70.9 70.5 .4 .4 .1 3.54 3.52 .02 .02 (* ) 79.8 79.6 .1 .1 (* ) 3.95 3.94 .01 .01 (* ) 74.4 74.2 .2 .2 - 3.62 3.61 .01 • 01 - 69.3 68.4 .8 .6 .3 4.64 4.59 .06 • 04 .02 77.3 76.0 1.3 1.1 .2 4.10 4.04 .07 • 06 .01 74.9 74.6 .2 .2 (* ) 3.44 3.43 .01 .01 (* ) 79.8 79.6 .2 .1 .1 3.77 3.77 .01 .01 (•> 70.1 70.1 (*> (*> 3.05 3.05 (*> c*> Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) ---------------Vacation s earned -------------------------------------------H olid ays --------------------------------------------. . . . . C iv ic and p e rso n a l le a v e 1— — — — — — 9.2 5.4 3.5 .2 .47 .28 .18 .01 9.8 5.8 3.9 (*> .49 .29 • 20 <•> 8.6 5.3 3.0 .4 .43 .26 .15 • 02 9 .5 5.9 3 .6 (*> .46 .2 9 .17 (*> 10.3 5.3 4.4 .6 .69 .35 .30 .04 7 .6 4 .8 2.8 .1 .40 .25 .15 (* ) 9.3 5.7 3.5 (* ) • 43 .26 .16 (♦ ) 9 .2 5.4 3.7 (*> • 43 .26 .18 (♦ ) 10.8 6.2 4.5 .1 .47 .27 • 20 (*> Employer exp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t programs -------------------------------------------- --------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity ---------- ----------------- --------------S tate retirem en t p l a n s — — ———— 8.8 3.8 5.0 .45 .19 .25 11.2 3.7 7.5 .56 .18 .38 6 .9 3.5 3.4 • 34 .17 .17 9.3 3.3 6 .0 • 45 .16 • 29 9.1 4 .3 4 .8 .61 • 29 .32 11.6 3.8 7.8 • 61 .20 •41 10.1 4.3 5.8 .47 • 20 .27 5 .4 3 .8 1.7 .26 .18 • 08 11.6 3.7 7.9 • 51 .16 .34 Employer e x pen ditu res f o r l i f e in su ra n c e and h e alth b e n e f it p la n s — — — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e a lth in suran ce -----Sick le a v e earned — ——— — — w orkers' co m p e n sa tio n --------— — — — — — — 6.3 .5 5.6 .1 .32 .03 • 29 .01 8.0 1.3 5.6 1.1 .40 .07 • 28 .05 4.7 4.5 •2 • 23 • 22 .01 6 .7 1.7 5.0 •1 • 33 .0 8 • 24 (• ) 11.3 1.3 9 .9 .1 .76 • 09 •66 • 01 3 .2 3.1 .1 .17 .17 (* ) 5.6 .26 5 .6 •2 5.4 (* ) • 26 .01 .26 (•> 7.5 .8 6.3 .4 •32 .03 .27 •02 Employer expen ditu res f o r unemployment programs — — — — — — — — — — — —— Unemployment in su ra n c e — — —— —— Severance pay — —— — ——— ———— (* ) (*> (•> •1 •1 (• ) • 01 .01 (•> “ s O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses - - — Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l ) 4 — Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s * — — — .1 90.5 9.5 (♦ ) <*) (♦ ) (*> 4.62 • 48 86.3 13.7 4.31 •68 (•> 92*9 7.1 “ (• ) 4.60 • 35 - 5.5 .1 - • 25 (*> - (* ) 88.9 11.1 (♦ ) 4.32 .5 4 (*> 89.5 10.5 (• ) 6.00 .71 .3 •02 .1 88.3 11.7 4.69 • 62 89.7 10.3 (• ) 4.13 .47 94.4 5 .6 • . - - 4.46 .27 87.2 12.8 • 3.89 • 56 East South C e n tra l Compensation item P e r D o lla rs cent per of compen work hour s a t io n Alabama P er cent D ollars per of compen work sa tio n hour Kentucky M is s is s ip p i Per P er D ollars cent D o lla rs cent of per of per work compen compen work hour sation hour sa tio n Tennessee P er cent D o lla r s per of compen work sa tio n hour T o ta l compensation ---------- ------------------------- 1 00.0 $4.55 1 00.0 $4.91 100.0 $4.68 100.0 $4.50 100.0 $4.21 Pay f o r working time — - — ------ ------------- -----------S tra ig h t-tim e p a y ------------ -------------------------------Premium pay — -------- ------- — ----- — -----— ------ -----Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work - - - - S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l ---------------------------------------- 76.2 76.2 <*) (* ) <*) 3.47 3.47 (* ) (* ) (* ) 76.6 76.6 (♦ ) (* ) (♦> 3.77 3.76 (* ) {* ) (* ) 75.3 75.3 (* ) (♦ ) <*) 3.53 3.53 (*> (* ) (* ) 77.5 77.5 3.49 3.49 76.0 76.0 (* ) (*> 3.20 3.19 <♦) (♦> Pay f o r le a v e (except sic k l e a v e ) -------- ----- ----Vacations e a r n e d ----------------------------------------------H o l i d a y s -----— ---------------- — ------- — — — ------- ------C iv ie and personal le a v e 1- ------------------------------ 9.2 5.4 3.8 (*> .42 .24 .17 <*> 9.4 4.7 4.7 . 1 .46 .23 .23 (* ) 8.7 5.1 3.6 <*> .41 .24 .17 (* ) 9 .2 5.7 3.4 (* ) .41 .26 .15 (*> 9.4 .40 .25 .14 - Employer expenditures f o r retirem ent p r o g r a m s -------- ------ ---------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r ity — --------------------- — ------- — -----S tate retirem en t plans2— — — — — — — — 8 .6 .39 .18 .40 .19 1 0.6 .50 3.9 4.8 4.4 .21 .22 6 .2 .29 7. 1 3 .3 3.9 .32 .15 .17 .28 .06 5.3 .2 2 4.2 .5 .25 • 03 .19 Employer expen ditu res fo r l i f e in suran ce and h ealth b e n e fit plans ---------------L i f e , a c cid e n t, and h ealth insurance - - - - Sick le a v e earned — — — — — — — — — Workers* compensation — — — — — — — Employer expen ditu res f o r unemployment — -----p r o g r a m s ---------- ----------- ------------------— — Unemployment insurance - — — — — ------------------Severance pay — ------ ----- — --------------------— - — - 5.9 1 .0 4.6 .2 (*> (*> O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3— — — (* ) Mages and s a la r i e s (g ro ss p a y r o l l)4— — — Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5------------------- 90.0 10.0 .22 8 .2 3.8 4.4 .27 .05 5.7 .21 .01 4.4 (* ) (* ) 1 .2 .1 - 1*) 4.10 .45 90.5 9 .5 (* ) -. 4.45 .47 .6 .1 .1 .02 (* ) <*> <*> 8 8.2 11.8 (*> 4.13 .55 - - - - 6 .2 .28 .3 5.4 .5 .2 4 (*> <*> 92.1 7 .9 .01 .02 (* ) (*> 4.15 .35 6 .0 3.5 8 .1 3.9 4.3 6.5 1.7 4.8 (*> (♦ ) 90.1 9 .9 .34 .16 .18 .27 .07 .20 (* ) (* ) 3.79 .41 Compensation item West South C e n tra l Arkansas P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work s a t io n hour P er cent D ollars of per compen work sa tio n hour L o u isian a P er D o lla r s cent of per compen work s a tio n hour Oklahoma Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour Texas P er cent D o lla r s of per compen work sa tio n hour T o t a l compensation - — ----------------— - — - — 100.0 $4.59 100.0 $3.95 100.0 $4.66 1 00.0 $4.48 1 00.0 $4.79 Pay foe working time — — — --------------- --------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay -------- -------------- — ------------ — Premium pay -------------------------------------------------------O vertim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work — - — S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l — -------- -— -------------------- 76.2 76.1 76.7 76.6 (♦ ) (* ) 3.03 3.03 (*> (♦ ) 76.7 76.5 .3 .3 (* ) 3.58 3.57 74.6 74.6 .0 1 .01 .1 .1 (* ) 3.50 3.49 (* ) (*> <*) (* ) 3.34 3.34 (* ) <*> (♦ ) 76.5 76.5 (* ) (*> (* ) 3.66 3.66 (* ) (* ) <*> Pay fo r le a v e (e x c e pt sic k le a v e ) -----------------Vacations earned — — — — — — — — — — H o l i d a y s --------------------------- ---------------------------------C iv ic and p e rso n a l leave 1 -------- ----- -------------- — 8 .S .39 8 .5 5.1 3.2 .34 .36 .25 8 .6 6 .0 • 38 .27 8 .8 .42 .20 .11 4.1 4.6 .01 2 .5 (* ) .11 .2 7.8 5.4 2.4 <*> .2 .2 0 • 22 .01 .39 .18 7.5 .21 7 .5 .35 .35 9 .0 4.1 4 .9 8.9 4.3 4.7 .2 0 .22 .37 7 .8 2.3 5.2 .3 Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r retirem ent p r o g r a m s ----- — — — — — — . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . S o c ia l s e c u r it y — — — — — — — — — S ta te r e t ir e a e n t plans 2 -------- ------------------------Employer ex p e n d itu res fo r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit plans — — — L i f e , a c cid e n t, and h ealth insurance ---------Sick le a v e earned — — — — — —— — Workers* compensation -------------------------------------Employer e x p e n d itu res fo r unemployment programs — — — — — — — — — — —— Unemployment insurance — — — —— — Severance p a y ---------------------------------- ----------------- .1 .1 4.9 3.5 .22 .1 .16 (* ) 8.7 3.2 5.5 .40 .15 .25 9.8 4 .5 5.4 6 .6 1 .6 .30 .07 .20 .02 8 .0 2 .2 .10 4.8 .22 .01 5.0 .4 4.3 .17 .2 .01 5.4 .4 .02 - - .2 <*) (*> - O th er, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3— — — - Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll^ — —— Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5- - - — — — - - 89.5 10.5 (* ) <•) 4.11 .48 89.5 10.5 .13 (*> 3.53 .41 - “ 89.9 10.1 <*> • 25 -. 4.19 .47 88.4 1 1.6 <*) • 40 • 18 .22 .43 .0 1 5.7 1.3 4.4 <*) C*) T (* ) <•> <♦> (• ) .35 • 10 .23 3.96 .52 89.8 1 0.2 .27 .06 .21 4.30 .49 Hountain Compensation item P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hour A riz ona Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hoar Colorado P e r cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hoar Idaho Per cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hour Hontana Vevada Mew Mexico Otah Wyoming P er cent D ollars of per compen work sa tio n hoar P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hoar P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sa tion hoar Per cen t D o lla rs of per compen work sa tio n hoar P er cent D o lla rs of per compen work sation hoar 100.0 $5.05 100.0 $4.77 100.0 $5.78 100.0 $5.01 Pay f o r working time -----— -------------------------S tr a ig h t-t im e pay -----------------------------------Premium pay - — --------— -----------------------------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work S h ift d i f f e r e n t i a l ------------------------------ 77.0 76.9 3.89 3.88 .01 .01 3.67 3.67 (* ) C*) 77.7 77.7 1*) <♦) • 4.50 4.50 <*> <♦) “ 76.2 76.2 .1 .1 77.0 77.0 {*> <*> 3.81 3.81 <*) (* ) <*) 77.0 76.5 •5 .4 Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) ---------V acation s earned — ----------------------- -— - — H o l i d a y s --------------------------- ----------------------C iv ic and person al l e a v e ------— --------- - 9 .0 5.3 3.6 .45 .27 .18 .51 .29 8 .0 .1 .40 .26 .14 <*) 9 .4 .01 .46 .27 .18 (* ) 8 .8 .1 9.6 5.7 3.8 (♦ ) 7.8 8 .1 .39 .19 7.5 .2 0 7.5 .43 .43 9.6 4.5 5.1 .4 8 • 22 .25 6 .0 5.1 .39 .13 .26 6 .2 1 .1 a. 7 .31 .05 .24 .25 6 .0 .6 .34 .03 .30 6 .0 .30 .07 7 .5 5.2 .5 .02 5.2 .3 4.4 .4 .2 .01 .2 1 .02 4.6 1.9 T o t a l compensation -------------------- * — Employer exp e n d itu res f o r retirem en t p r o g r a m s ------------------------------- -------- ----- — * — S o c ia l s e c u r it y ------ — --------------------- — — S ta te retirem en t p l a n s ---------— ------ -----Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r l i f e in su ran ce and h e alth b e n e fit pla n s - — L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance Sick le a v e earned -------— — ------- -------------W orkers' compensation ---------------------------Employer e xp e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs -------- ---------------------------------------------Unemployment insurance -------------------------Severance p a y ------------ -— ------------------------ <*> 2 .6 <*> <*) (* ) O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bon u ses3* <*) Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o l l ) * -------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5- - — - 90.7 9.3 1 *) (♦) (* ) (* ) (♦) 4.58 .47 3.9 4.2 .1 - .1 .1 91. 1 8.9 .0 2 .21 .02 <*) <*) 5.1 3.7 .1 - .21 (* ) - - - - ~ (*> - 4.34 .42 91.7 8.3 .1 (*> (* ) 5.2 2 .7 1.3 4.2 .4 .2 .2 (* ) 5.31 .48 88.4 11.6 .0 1 .01 <*> 4.43 .58 100.0 $5.83 1 00.0 $4.41 100 .0 $4.86 100.0 $4.88 4.49 4.45 .04 .04 <*> 75.5 75.5 <*> <*> <*> 3.33 3.33 (* ) (* ) <*) 77.1 76.9 3.75 3.74 78.9 78.9 3.85 3.85 .02 .02 .01 77.1 76.4 .7 .7 <*) .2 .2 .01 .01 - - .44 .28 .16 (♦ ) 9.2 5.8 3.2 .3 .54 .34 .18 9.2 5.3 3.7 .41 .23 .16 9 .0 4 .7 4.0 .44 .23 .19 8.4 5.0 3.3 .02 .2 .01 .2 .01 .1 .41 .24 .16 <♦> .28 .13 .15 5.5 .39 .19 .19 7.6 3.9 3.8 .37 .19 .18 8.4 4.1 4.3 .20 .21 1 0 0 . 0 $4.70 .1 6 .0 3.4 <*) 2.7 3.3 1.0 3.62 3.60 - - .32 8 .8 .2 .01 .31 4.4 4.4 .35 .04 8 .1 2 .0 .47 .21 1 .6 • 30 .08 4.3 1 .6 • 29 .07 6 .3 .12 .6 .22 5.6 .4 .32 .03 4.5 •4 .20 .02 4.4 .3 .21 .01 3.7 (* ) .03 .18 (* ) .1 .1 .01 .01 <♦> <*) - - .09 _ _ - - - 5.3 - 91.1 8.9 - 4.29 .42 <*> 91.9 8 .1 <*> 5.36 .47 6.5 <*) (* ) _ _ _ - - - * 89.2 1 0.8 3.93 .48 <*> 90.5 9.5 (* ) 4.40 .46 <*) 91.0 9.0 .41 - (* ) 4.44 .44 Alaska P a c i f ic Compensation item Per cent D ollars per of compen work sation hour P e r Per D o lla rs cent D o lla rs cent per of per of compen work compen work sa tio n hour sa tio n hour $6.76 1 00.0 $5.44 100.0 $5.35 69.5 78.5 78.3 4.27 4.26 • 01 77.2 76.5 4.13 4.09 .03 6 .5 •1 .01 .2 .01 .1 4.70 4.65 .05 .04 (* ) 9. 7 .87 .58 .28 9.0 4.1 3.5 1.4 8.4 4.9 3.1 .3 .01 Pay f o r le a v e (except s ic k le a v e ) Vacation s earned - — — — — ---------- -----------------H olidays — ----------------------- --------------------------------C iv ic and person al le a v e — — -----— — — ------ 9.1 9.7 3.5 .56 .29 1 .0 .06 Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r retirem ent programs ---------------------------------------------------------------S o c ia l s e c u r i t y ---------- ------------------ ------------------State retirem en t plans — — ------------------------ 8 .6 2 .8 .53 .17 .36 11. 2 6.5 1. 4 4. 6 .8 .35 .06 .24 .05 .2 .2 .01 .01 .2 Employer ex p e n d itu res f o r unemployment programs ------------------------------------------ -----— ---------Unemployment insurance Severance pay ----------------------- -------- -— -------------- (*) (* ) O ther, in c lu d in g nonproduction bonuses3- - - - - - {*) (* ) Wages and s a l a r i e s (g r o s s p a y r o ll ) 4----------------Supplements to wages and s a l a r i e s 5 ------------------- 89.3 10.7 5.51 .66 6. 5 3. 1 •1 3. 3 7. 8 •5 1 1 - .01 .8 .99 .30 .70 8 .8 .58 .13 .41 .05 5.4 .02 .01 .01 r- - 86. 8 13. 2 1 Includes military leave. 2 Includes State government contributions to retirement funds, and 3 Other includes lump-sum payments for merit awards, longevity, awards for suggestions, and other incentive payments and bonuses. 4 Wages and salaries include all direct payments to workers normally shown on IRS W -2 form s and consist of pay for working time; pay for vacations, holidays, sick leave, and civic and personal leave, severance pay, and other compensation ( including nonproduction bonuses). Per D o lla r s cent per of compen work sa tion hour 100.0 .2 1.0 Per D o lla rs cent of per compen work sation hour 4.82 4.77 .05 .03 72. 4 71. 7 7 3.9 P er D o lla rs cent of per compen work sa tio n hour $6.29 4.70 4. 66 .04 .03 5.7 Washington 76.7 75.9 $6.16 76.3 75.6 .7 .5 5.8 Oregon 100.0 100.0 .22 Hawaii 6.46 6.39 .06 .05 1 0 0 . 0 $8.92 T o ta l compensation -----------------------------------Pay f o r working time — ------------ ------ -— ------------S tr a ig h t-t im e p a y ------------------------- ----- -------------Premium p a y ------------ --------- ------------ -— — — -------Overtim e, h o lid a y , and weekend work - - - - S h if t d i f f e r e n t i a l ---------------------------------------- Employer e x p e n d itu res f o r l i f e insurance and h e alth b e n e fit plans ---------------L i f e , a c c id e n t, and h e alth insurance ---------Sick le a v e earned --------------------------------------------Workers* compensation - - - - - — — — — — — — C a lif o r n ia 7.74 1.18 2.5 6.3 1 .1 3.4 .9 (* ) 89.1 10.9 6 8 .8 .7 .7 .2 .2 - .01 .6 .2 - .4 .01 .02 .45 .27 .17 9.2 5.3 3.7 .49 .29 .19 .02 .2 .01 .35 .15 .57 .26 11.1 6 .8 .22 4.2 .75 .46 .28 .09 .1 .01 .56 .16 .40 10.1 .68 6 .6 .23 .45 7.8 3.8 4.0 .42 3.4 6 .7 .21 .21 2.9 3.7 .34 .07 8 .6 1 .2 6.9 .06 .6 .58 .08 .46 .04 5.0 .21 4.3 .7 .27 <*) .23 .04 4.5 .4 - .7 .7 .05 .05 - .3 .3 (* ) .02 .02 1.1 1.1 (*) <*> 5.60 .69 87.4 1 2.6 (♦ ) 5.91 .85 (*) 91.1 8.9 (*) - 4.96 .48 6 .0 1 .1 .20 .32 .06 .24 .02 .06 .06 ~ 90.9 9.1 4.86 .49 5 Supplements to wages and salaries include all employer expendi tures for compensation other than wages and salaries and consist of ex penditures for retirement programs ( including direct pay to pensioners under pay-as-you-go pension systems), and outlays for life insurance, health benefit programs (except sick leave), and unemployment insurance. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Asterisk (*) indicates less than . 05 percent or $0. 005. Percent o f a l l p aid hours Region and S ta te Paid le a v e hou rs Work hours A l l p a id hours T o ta l S t r a ig h t time Overtime T ota l Vacations earned H olidays Sick le a v e earned C iv ic an4 p e r s o n a l1 United S ta t e s 100.0 84.9 83.8 1.1 15.1 5 .6 3.9 5.2 Hew England Connecticut Maine ----------M assachusetts — Hew Hampshire — Rhode Is la n d ----Vermont ------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.7 83.7 85.9 84.7 84.7 85.7 84.8 82.9 81.5 82.9 83.9 81.8 82.5 82.5 1 .8 2 .2 15.3 16.3 14.1 15.3 15.3 14.3 15.2 5.7 5 .7 3.8 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.6 3.3 4.4 5.5 5.6 4.5 5.6 5 .5 5.7 5.3 Middle A t la n tic ----Hew Jersey ----------Hew York -------------Pennsylvania ----- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.5 82.9 83.6 83.8 82.2 80.7 82.5 82.6 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.5 5.4 5.6 4 .9 5 .9 .6 1 .0 1 .0 East Horth C e n tra l I l l i n o i s --------------In diana ---------------Michigan ------------- 86.1 84.7 83.9 84.6 85.5 84.5 85.4 3 .5 4.1 4.2 2 .7 3.4 3.2 5 .0 4.8 4 .5 5.1 5 .3 4 .8 .2 .6 .1 Wisconsin -------------- 1 00.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 West Horth c e n t r a l I o w a -----------------------Kansas -------------------Minnesota -------------M issouri ---------------Nebraska ---------------Horth Dakota ----South Dakota ----- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 South A t la n t ic Delaware ---------------F lo r id a -----------------Georgia -----------------Maryland ---------------Horth C a r o lin a ----South C a ro lin a ----V ir g in ia ---------------West V i r g i n ia ------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.0 82.1 84.0 77.1 87.4 84.8 85.3 81.2 83.3 80.9 85.5 83.7 74.9 87.2 84.4 84.1 80.8 East South C e n tra l Alabama -----------------Kentucky ---------------M is s is s ip p i ---------T e n n e ss e e ---------:— 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.4 85.1 85.5 85.6 85.6 85.1 85.0 84.6 85.5 85.3 West South C e n tra l — A r k a n s a s ---------------Louisian a Oklahoma ------T e x a s ------------ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.9 86.4 85.2 86.1 86.0 85.3 84.4 85.2 Mountain ------Arizona ----Colorado — Idaho --------Montana ----Nevada ------New Mexico Utah ---------Wyoming ----- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.4 85.3 84.5 86.5 85.7 84.1 85.7 85.6 86.5 84.7 84.5 84.3 85.8 84.9 81.7 85. 1 84.8 86.3 .7 .7 .3 .7 .9 2 .4 P a c i f ic --------Alaska ------C a lif o r n ia Hawaii ------Oregon ------Washington 1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.5 83.9 85.8 79.6 86.9 85.2 84.2 81.5 84.6 77.2 85.9 84.3 1.3 2.4 1.3 2.4 84.6 86.2 86.9 87.3 85.9 84.8 81.2 87.2 86.2 83.8 86.5 85.7 85.1 8 6.0 84.7 84.1 80.5. 87.0 84.8 83.3 85.7 84.9 85.0 8 6 .1 1 Includes military leave hours. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal 3 .0 .9 2.9 3 .2 2.4 1.3 2 .2 1.1 1 .2 1.4 .7 1.7 1.4 2 .8 .6 .7 .8 .3 1.3 .5 .9 .8 <♦> .8 1.3 .5 .4 2 .2 .1 .4 1 .2 .5 .4 .1 .8 (*> .3 .7 .3 .8 .3 .8 .6 .9 .3 1 .0 .9 16.5 17.1 16.4 16.2 13.9 15.4 13.8 13.1 12.7 14.1 15.2 18.8 12.8 13.8 16.2 13.5 14.3 14.9 16.0 17.9 14.0 16.0 22.9 6 .0 5.8 5.5 5 .0 5 .4 6 .2 5-9 6 .6 5 .9 5.2 6 .0 4.9 5.2 3.9 5.7 5 .7 5 .0 5 .3 6 .2 6 .1 4 .7 6 .0 6 .0 5 .8 3.8 3.0 3.0 3 .8 4.4 4.1 4.1 3.6 5.7 1 0.8 4.4 3.9 5.7 4.5 4.1 5.1 5.9 .3 .3 1 .0 (* ) .1 .5 .2 !♦) (♦ ) (* ) -3 (♦ ) (♦ ) .1 (♦ ) .1 .1 ;1 15.2 14.7 18.8 5.5 6 .4 5.9 5.5 5.7 5.3 6 .7 4.0 4.4 3.3 4.0 5. 1 3.2 3.9 4.0 5.1 6 .8 .1 14.6 14.9 14.5 14.4 14.4 5 .6 5.3 5 .7 5.6 5.8 4.1 5.0 4.0 3.3 3.8 4.7 4.5 4.6 5.4 4.7 .1 .1 .2 .1 14. 1 13.6 13.9 15.3 14.0 5 .2 5 .7 5 .6 3.7 3.2 2.5 3.0 4.8 5.0 4.6 5-7 5.6 4.6 14.6 14.7 15.5 13.5 14.3 15.9 14.3 14.4 13.5 5 .7 6.3 5 .5 5 .2 5.4 3.9 4.1 4.1 3.2 3.4 3.5 4.1 4.4 3.6 4.9 4.5 5.4 4.5 4.8 5 .9 4.6 4.6 4.4 14.5 16.1 14.2 20.4 13.1 14.8 5.3 7 .1 4.9 7.7 5.1 5 .7 3.8 3.7 3.8 4.8 3.2 4.0 4.5 5.1 4.1 7.8 4.5 4 .7 12.6 6 .8 6 .6 4.4 6 .1 5.8 5.7 6 .0 6 .6 4 .8 5 .5 1 1.0 3.6 5.6 5.4 .2 .1 .4 (* ) .9 .3 (♦ ) (* ) .1 .2 (* ) .1 .2 •1 <*) .1 .1 (♦ ) .2 .1 .2 .1 1 .0 .1 1.4 .1 .3 .4 totals. Dash ( - ) indicates zero. Asterisk (* ) indicates less than 0.05. percent. Percent o f a l l pa id hours Region and S ta te A l l pa id hours Work hours T c ta l S t r a ig h t time Paid le a v e hours Overtime T o ta l Vacations earned Holidays Sick leave earned C iv ic and p e rso n a l1 United S ta tes 100.0 85.1 83.0 2.1 14.9 5.7 3.8 5.1 .3 le v England ------------------------------Connecticut --------------------------Maine -------------------------------------M assachusetts -------— ------------le v Hampshire ----------------------M o de I s l a n d -------- — — ------- Verm on t---------------------------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.9 81.9 86.9 83.2 83.0 85.6 86.0 79.5 77.1 80.6 81.3 73.2 81.3 82.1 4.4 4.7 6.3 1.9 9 .8 4.3 3.9 16. 1 18.1 13.1 16.8 17.0 14.4 14.0 5.8 5.9 5.7 6 .2 5.7 5 .0 4 .9 4.0 4.0 3.2 4.5 3.5 3.1 4.2 5.5 5.9 4.2 6.0 5.7 6 .3 4.9 •8 2.4 M iddle A t la n t ic ----------------------le v Jersey ----------------------------le v fo r k -------------------------------Pen n sylvan ia ------------------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.9 84.0 82.7 84.1 81.6 82.2 74.8 83.2 2.3 1.9 8.0 .9 16. 1 16.0 17.3 15.9 5 .8 5.5 6 .9 5.7 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.5 5.4 5.2 4.7 5.7 .5 .9 1.6 Mast Worth C e n tra l -----------------I l l i n o i s -------------------------------In d ia n a ---------------------------------Michigan -------------------------------O h i o ---------------------------------------lis c o n s in ----------------------- ------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 86.3 84.5 86.9 88.3 86.7 84.7 82.7 81.7 80.5 85.2 83.2 83.3 3 .6 2.8 6 .4 3.1 3 .5 1.4 13.7 15.5 13. 1 11.7 13.3 15.3 5.2 6 .5 4.5 4.5 4.5 7 .0 3.6 4.6 4. 1 2.6 3.3 3.1 4.8 4.4 4 .5 4.5 5.5 4.7 .1 l e s t lo rt h C e n tra l I o v a -------------------Kansas ----------------Minnesota ----------M isso uri ------------Nebraska ------------lo r t h Dakota ----South Dakota ------ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.8 81.5 87.1 86.5 83.3 86.5 86.1 84.3 83.1 78.3 86.7 84.8 81.4 84.3 84. 1 84.3 1.7 3 .2 .4 1.7 1.9 2 .2 2.0 15.2 18.5 12.9 13.5 16.7 13.5 13.9 15.7 5.8 4 .5 5.4 6.3 6 .8 4.5 6.0 6 .3 3.6 3.3 2.9 3.2 4.3 4.5 3.7 3.9 5.7 10.7 4.6 4.0 5.6 4.2 4.1 5.4 .1 (* ) South A t la n t ic -----— — D elavare --------------------F l o r i d a ------- --------------G e o r g i a ----- — ------------Maryland --------------------North C a r o lin a --------South C a ro lin a ---------V ir g in ia --------------------Nest V i r g i n ia — -------Bast South C e n tra l -----Alabama ----------------------Kentucky --------------------M is s is s ip p i --------------Tennessee ------------------- 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 84.8 80.8 85.5 €4.8 78.2 88.1 86.4 86.0 81.8 85.8 86.0 84.8 88.1 85.9 83.1 78.3 83.5 84.6 70.5 87.9 86.1 83.2 80.8 84.8 86.0 82.4 88.1 85.0 1-7 2.5 2.0 .1 7 .7 .2 .3 2.8 1.0 1.1 (*> 2.3 1.0 15.2 19.2 14.5 15.2 21.8 11.9 13.6 14.0 18.2 14.2 14.0 15.2 11.9 14.1 5 .6 7.4 5.4 6 .2 5.7 5.2 5.2 5.1 6.6 5 .5 5.4 5.8 4.5 5.6 3.8 4.1 4.0 3.3 5.3 2 .8 3.1 3.8 5.1 4.1 5.2 4.1 2.6 3.8 5.5 7.4 5.1 5.8 9.4 3.5 5.2 5.1 6.6 4.2 3.3 4.5 4.5 4.7 .2 •3 .1 Nest South C e n tra l — Arkansas ----------------Lo u isian a -----------— Oklahoma ----------------T e x a s ------------- — — 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 86.1 84.1 88.2 84.1 81.6 83.7 2.0 85.8 83.5 86.2 1.8 1.9 2 .5 13.9 11.8 14.2 16.5 13.8 5.3 5.3 6 .0 7.0 4.6 3.7 2.2 2.2 3.8 4.6 4.9 4.3 6.0 5.8 4.4 .1 (♦ ) <*) .2 Mountain ------------------------------------ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85*0 84.3 83.3 85.9 65.8 83.3 86.3 85.5 86.2 83.6 83.5 83.3 85.2 84.0 79.3 84.7 83.0 85.4 1.4 .8 (♦ ) .7 1.8 3.9 1.6 2.5 .9 15.0 15.7 16-7 14.1 14.2 16.7 13.7 14.5 13.8 6.2 6.9 7.1 6.1 5.7 6.8 5.1 5.6 5.6 4.1 4.2 4.5 3.3 3.8 3.7 4.2 4.5 3.6 4-7 4.6 5.0 4.7 4.6 6.2 4.4 4.5 4.5 <*> (* ) (* ) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.2 83.8 85.7 80.1 87.3 83.0 83.7 77.8 85.5 77.2 83.7 80.4 1.4 6.1 .2 2.9 3 .6 2.6 14.8 16.2 14.3 19.9 12.7 17.0 6.1 7 .2 5.9 7.6 5 .6 6.5 3.2 3.8 2.9 4.7 2.7 4.4 4.5 5 .2 4.3 7.6 4 .4 4.7 1.0 — 1.2 <*> 1.4 Colorado --------------------------------Idaho -------------------------------------M ontana----------------------— -------N e v a d a ----- — ---------------------------Nev Mexico ----------------------------Wyoming---------------------------------P a c i f i c -------------------------------------C a l if o r n ia - - — ---------------- — Oregon -----------------------------------Hashington — ---------------- e e .2 - 1 Includes military leave hours. totals, NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal cent* Dash (-) indicates zero, •1 2.2 - .1 _ (* ) .5 _ _ .4 .1 .1 1.3 .5 <*) - .3 .1 •8 .3 ~ - Asterisk (* ) indicates less than 0. 05 p e r- P ercent o f a l l p a id hours R egion and S ta te Work hours A ll p a id hours T c ta l U n ited S t a te s Nev England C o n n e c tic u t --------M a in e --------------------M a ssa c h u se tts ----Nev Ham pshire ----Rhode I s l a n d ------Vermont ----------------M iddle A tla n tic ---------------------Nev J e r se y ----------------------------Nev York --------------------------------P en n sy lv a n ia ------------------------E ast North C e n tr a l ----------------I l l i n o i s --------------------------------In d ia n a ----M ichigan ----------------O h io ------------------------W is c o n s in --------- 1— West North c e n t r a l I o v a ------------------------Kansas --------------------M in nesota ------M isso u ri --------------Nebraska --------------North D a k o ta ------South D akota ------South A tla n tic ------D elavare --------------F lo r id a ----------------G eorgia ----------------M aryland --------------North C a r o lin a — South C a r o lin a — V ir g in ia — West V ir g in ia — E a st South C e n tra l Alabama ---------------Kentucky -------------M is s is s ip p i -------■T en n essee -----------West South C e n tra l A rkansas --------------L o u isia n a ------------Oklahoma --------------T e x a s --------------------M ountain ------------------A rizona ----------------C olorado ----------- — Idaho --------------------Montana ----------------Nevada -----------------Nev M exico ----------U t a h ----------------------Wyoming ------P a c i f ic --------A laska -------C a lif o r n ia H av aii ------Oregon ------W ashington S t r a ig h t time Overtime T o ta l B c lld a y s Sick le a v e earned C iv ic and p e rs o n a l 1 100.0 84.6 83.7 1.0 15.4 5 .7 3.9 5.4 .3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85-1 83.1 85.7 85.5 85.3 86.9 84.5 82.8 80.0 81.2 84.6 84.1 79. 1 81.5 2.3 3.1 4 .5 -9 1.2 7 .8 3 .0 14.9 16.9 14.3 14i5 14.7 13.1 15.5 5.5 6.0 5.7 5.4 5 .5 4.7 5.3 3.6 4.1 3.6 3.5 3.7 2.9 4.8 5.6 6.0 5 .0 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.3 •2 .8 — .1 — (♦ ) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.0 80.0 83.2 83.8 82.2 77.4 82.5 83.4 .9 2 .5 .7 .4 17.0 20.0 16.8 16.2 6 .4 6 .8 6.6 5.8 4.4 5.8 4.0 4.6 5.4 6 .4 5.0 5 .8 .7 1.1 1.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85-9 85.0 85.9 86.0 85.9 85.9 84.2 83.8 85.7 84.7 83.0 85.4 1.7 1.3 .1 1.2 3.0 .5 14.1 15.0 14.1 14.0 14.1 14.1 5 .2 6.5 4.9 5.8 4.4 6.1 3.4 3.6 4.8 2.8 3.3 3.2 5.5 4.6 4.4 5.4 6 .3 4 .8 <*) .2 .1 <*) <*) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.0 81.7 87.1 86.6 84.0 86.3 85.9 85.6 84.7 81.6 86.7 85.9 83.7 86.1 85.2 85.6 .4 .1 .4 .7 .2 .2 .6 15.0 18.3 12.9 13.4 16.0 13.7 14.1 14.4 5.7 5.0 5.6 6.4 5.8 5.2 5 .5 5.8 3.6 2.7 3.0 2.9 4.5 3.9 4.3 3.7 5.6 10.5 4.1 4.1 5.7 4.6 4 .2 4 .9 <♦) (♦ ) (♦> 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 83.4 81.8 85.8 83.3 76.6 86.6 84.1 84.8 81.2 82.9 80.4 85.6 83.2 75.2 86.6 83.8 83.8 80.8 .6 1.3 .2 .1 1.4 (* ) .3 1.1 .3 16.6 18.2 14.2 16.7 23.4 13.4 15.9 15.2 18.8 6.0 7.0 5.6 6 .9 5.9 5.7 5.8 5 .5 6 .9 4.1 4.3 3.4 4.1 4.9 3 .5 4 .5 4.1 5.0 6.2 6 .9 4.7 5.7 11.6 3.9 5.5 5.6 6.9 .3 .5 <♦> 1.0 .3 <*) 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.7 84.8 86.3 85.9 86.0 85.4 84.5 85.6 85.8 85. e .3 .3 .7 .1 .1 14.3 15.2 13.7 14.1 14.0 5.6 5.6 5.6 5 .5 5.6 3.9 4.6 3.7 3.0 3.8 4.8 4 .9 4.4 5.5 4.6 (*> .1 <*> 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 86.3 85.1 86.9 85.1 86.3 85.7 84.0 86.2 85.1 85.8 .5 1.1 .6 (*> .5 13.7 14.9 13.1 14.9 13.7 5.1 6.5 5 .3 6.3 4.5 3.5 3.4 2.5 3.2 4.4 5 .0 4.7 5.3 5.4 4.7 .1 .3 .1 .1 •2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.5 84.2 84.4 87.3 88.1 84.1 85.6 86.0 87.5 85. 1 83.6 84. 1 86. 1 87.0 82.0 85.4 85.9 87.5 .4 .4 .3 1.2 1.0 2.2 .2 (* ) 14.5 15.8 15.6 12.7 11.9 15.9 14.4 14.0 12.5 5 .6 6 .0 5.9 5.3 5.4 6.8 5 .8 5 .2 4.6 3.8 4.7 4.1 3.2 2.0 3.4 4.0 4.2 3.4 4.9 4.8 5.5 4.2 4.4 5.7 4.6 4.5 4 .5 .1 .2 .2 — — .1 - 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 85.7 82.5 85.5 79.2 88.1 87.3 83.9 79.3 83.5 74.8 87.6 86.7 1.8 3.2 2.1 4.4 .4 .6 14.3 17.5 14.5 20.8 11.9 12.7 5 .3 7 .8 5 .2 7.9 4 .4 5.0 3.8 4.1 3.8 4.9 3.3 3.6 4 .7 5.6 4.6 8.0 4.2 3-9 .6 .1 .8 <*> .2 1 Includes military leave hours NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal Paid le a v e hours' Vacations earned totals. .1 • Dash ( - ) indicates zero. Asterisk (* ) indicates less than 0. 05 per- P ercent o f a l l pa id boara Begiona'nd S ta te A l l p a id hours Work hours ic t a l S t r a ig h t tim e P aid le a v e hours Overtime T o ta l Vacations earned H olidays Sick le a v e earned Ic iv ic and Ip a rso n a l 1 S u ite d S ta te s — 100.0 84.9 84.1 .8 15.1 5.6 3.9 5.2 Sew England -----Connecticut — Maine ------------M assachusetts Hew Hampshire Bhode I s la n d * Verm on t--------- 100.0 83.4 83.7 84.8 84.0 84.8 84.1 82.9 .7 .9 •6 1 .1 1 .6 15.9 15.4 14.6 15.4 14.7 14.8 15.5 6 *0 100.0 84.1 84.6 85.4 84.6 85.3 85.2 84.5 5.4 6 .3 5.9 5.4 5.2 5.6 3.9 4.0 3.6 4.0 3.7 3.5 4.4 5 .8 5 .3 4 .6 5.4 5 .5 5.8 5.5 M iddle A t la n t ic Hew Jersey — Hew York -------Pen n sylvan ia * 100.0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 83.8 83.8 83.9 83.6 82.4 81.7 83.1 82.0 2 .2 .8 1 .6 16.2 16.2 16.1 16.4 5 .7 6 .5 5.9 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.5 5.3 5 .3 4.8 5.9 •6 1 .1 .8 Bast Horth C e n tra l I l l i n o i s ------------In d ia n a --------------Michigan ------------O h i o --------------------Wisconsin ------- — 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 8 6 .2 8 6 .1 85.3 84.3 85.8 .9 .3 .3 13.8 15.4 13.9 87.2 88.4 8 6 .0 8 6 .2 1 .2 1 2 .8 1 1 .6 85.7 3.6 4.1 4.0 2.7 3.6 3.3 4 .8 4 .8 4 .7 5.1 4.6 4 .9 .3 .7 <♦) 8 6 .1 5.1 5 .8 5 .2 5.1 3.4 5.5 84.6 80.9 87.3 85.8 83.8 86.7 85.5 85.3 84.1 80.7 87.3 84.2 83.7 5 .6 5.1 5.0 3.9 3.0 3.1 4.5 4.3 4.1 4.1 3.5 5 .8 (♦> (•> •1 (♦ ) (♦> 1 0 0 .0 84.0 82.6 100.0 8 6 .1 .5 .9 .3 •6 1.3 .1 .1 .1 West Horth C e n tra l I o w a --------------------Kansas ----------------Minnesota ----------M isso uri ------------Hebraska ------------Horth Dakota -----South Dakota ------ 1 0 0 .0 100.0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 84.6 8 6 .1 85.0 85.3 South A t la n t ic — Delaware ----------F lo r id a ------------G eorgia ------------Maryland ----------Horth C a ro lin a South C a ro lin a * V i r g i n i a ----------West V i r g i n ia — 100.0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 10 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 100.0 84.1 77.1 87.5 84.5 85.2 80.8 83-5 81.6 85.8 83.4 75.8 87.4 84.0 84.9 80.8 B ast South C e n tra l A labam a--------------Kentucky ------------M is s is s ip p i ------Tennessee ----------- 1 0 0 .0 10 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 85.2 84.8 85.6 84.7 85.3 85.1 84.8 85.5 84.6 85.1 1 0 0 .0 85.6 85.4 West South C e n tra l Arkansas L o u isian a Oklahoma Texas ------ 100.0 100.0 8 6 .1 8 6 .1 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 85.7 84.9 85.7 85.C 84.8 85.6 85.5 85.9 85.0 85.0 85.3 84.6 85.9 84.6 82.6 85.2 85.1 86.4 100.0 Mountain -----Arizona — Colorado — Idaho -------Montana — Hevada -----Hew Mexico U t a h ---------Wyoming — 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 84.9 84.5 85.5 85.6 86.4 P a c i f i c -------Alaska -----C a lif o r n ia Hawaii -----Oregon -----Washington 1 0 0 .0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 1 0 0 .0 100.0 100.0 85.5 84.0 85.9 79.7 86.5 85.2 1 0 0 .0 6 6 .6 84.3 82.8 84.6 78.0 8 6 .1 84.7 1 In c lu d e s m i l i t a r y l e a v e h o u r s . NOTE: B e c a u s e o f ro u n d in g , s u m s o f in d iv id u a l it e m s m a y not .6 .5 1.3 2.3 .5 .5 .2 <*) 1 .6 .1 .7 .5 .1 15.4 19.1 12.7 14.2 16.2 13.3 14.5 14.7 6 .0 6 .1 4 .5 6 .2 6 .0 16.0 17.4 13.9 15.9 22.9 12.5 15.5 14.8 19.2 5 .8 5 .7 5.1 5.6 .2 14.8 15.2 14.4 15.3 14.7 .2 .1 .6 .1 .1 14.4 13.9 14.3 15.1 14.3 5.3 5 .5 5 .8 6.7 4.3 .5 .7 .4 14.5 14.1 15.0 13.4 15.1 15.5 14.5 14.4 13.6 5.6 5.6 5.4 5.6 6 .4 14.5 16.0 14.1 20.3 13.5 14.8 .1 .5 .3 (♦> (*> .6 .3 1 .8 .3 .5 1 .1 1.3 1.3 1.7 .4 .5 t o t a ls . equal 13.9 6 .2 cen t* 1 1 .0 4 .5 3.8 5.7 4 .7 4.1 5.0 4.0 4.5 3.2 4.2 5.2 3.4 3.9 3.9 5.2 1 1 .1 4.2 5.1 4.1 3.7 3.8 4 .9 4.9 4.6 5 .7 4 .8 3.8 3.6 2.7 5.1 5.2 4.6 5.9 5.7 4 .7 5.5 5 .0 5 .5 3.9 3.9 4.1 3.2 3.7 3.4 4.1 4.5 3.6 4.9 4.4 5 .5 4 .5 5 .0 5.8 4 .7 4.7 4.4 5.1 7 .0 4.7 7.6 5.2 5.7 3.9 3.7 4.0 4.8 3.3 4.0 4-4 5.1 3 .9 7.8 4.6 4 .9 6 .6 5.5 6 .3 6 .0 5.5 5.9 5.4 6 .8 6 .0 6 .0 6 .0 D a s h ( - ) in d ic a t e s z e r o . 2 .6 6 .0 6.4 4 .8 5 .4 3.6 5 .7 5.5 7.1 .4 .2 .7 .1 .1 !♦> .3 <♦) C*> (• ) .3 .1 •2 •2 (*> .4 <•) .7 •1 (♦ ) (• ) .1 (♦ ) .1 C*) (♦ ) .1 .2 .1 .2 .1 (♦ ) .1 .1 (♦ ) •3 •2 .3 .1 1 .1 •2 1 .6 •1 •4 .2 A s t e r i s k ( * ) in d ic a t e s l e s s th an 0 .0 5 p e r . A g e n c y a n d p a id h o u r s it e m P ercen t o f a ll p a id h o u r 8 in S ta te s that had paid hours for the item P e r c e n t o f e m p lo y m e n t in S ta te g o v e rn m e n ts * rav in g H a v in g p a id h o u r s f o r the it e m a s a p e r c e n t o f a l l p a id h o u r s o f— no p a id Total hours for the item 1 Dess than 1 percent 2 — T ~ 4 5“ 6 T~ — 5“ “ n r - “ x r ~ n r 16 and under rs and 2 percent 3 4 32 13 1 _ - 9 - 3 51 5 5 6 7 16 35 48 59 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 21 1 - 1 26 . . 23 - ' - 2 _ _ 3 46 - 41 . _ - - 4 4 l 26 4 3 - - 9 52 7 39 1 2 55 3 49 28 1 _ _ - above A l l S ta te a g e n c ie s O v e r t i m e h o u r s —--------T o t a l p a id le a v e h o u r s - ' V a c a t io n s e a r n e d —H o lid a y s S ic k le a v e e a r n e d C iv ic and p e r s o n a l • 1. 1 15.1 5.6 • 3.9 5.2 .4 100 100 100 100 100 100 . 7 53 - 80 12 36 - 19 22 9 - - - - - 40 45 . - 21 12 2 (* ) - 69 - 13 - - - . 13 13 - - - - 31 51 6 _ H ig h w a y s 2 .2 O v e r t i m e h o u r s ------------T o t a l p a id le a v e h o u r s ■ V a c a tio n s e a rn e d — H o l i d a y s ------------------- -S ic k l e a v e e a r n e d — C iv ic and p e rs o n a l - 14.9 5.7 3.8 5.1 .5 O v e r t i m e h o u r s ----------- T o t a l p a id l e a v e h o u r s V a c a tio n s e a rn e d — H o l i d a y s ---------------------S ic k l e a v e e a r n e d — C i v i c an d p e r s o n a l ■ 15.4 5.7 3.9 5.4 .4 100 100 100 100 100 100 1 .0 N O T E : D e t a i l m a y not a d d to t o t a ls d u e to ro u n d in g . A s t e r i s k ( * ) i n d ic a t e s l e s s t h a n 0. 05 p e r c e n t . 100 100 100 100 100 100 3 D a s h ( - ) in d ic a t e s z e r o . . 18 - 34 9 2 18 38 44 2 1 - 16 50 31 - 34 4 24 45 - - 1 - - 13 - 9 - - 1 20 41 28 9 _ _ _ _ _ 4 - - - . - 1 11 (* ) - Service in excess of— Number of days of annual leave earned each year 1 year 2 years 10 years 15 years 20 years 25 years Percent Pe rcent Number Number Number Percent Numbe r Percent Number Per c ent Number Percent of of of of of of of of of of of of employ employ employ employ States States States employ-- States States employ States ment ment ment ment ment ment T o t a l---------------------------------- 50 100. 0 50 100. 0 50 100. 0 50 100. 0 50 100. 0 50 100. 0 5 - 9 . 9 d a y s --------------------------------10 - 11.9 d a y s -----------------------------12 - 12. 9 d a y s -----------------------------13 - 13. 9 d a y s -----------------------------14 - 14. 9 d a y s -----------------------------1 5 -1 5 .9 d a y s -----------------------------16 - 16.9 d a y s -----------------------------17 - 17.9 days -----------------------------18 - 18.9 d a y s -----------------------------19 - 19-9 d a y s -----------------------------20 - 20.9 d a y s -----------------------------21 - 21.9 d a y s -----------------------------22 - 23.9 d a y s -----------------------------24 - 24. 9 d a y s -----------------------------25 and o v e r ---------------------------------- 1 9 18 5 1 10 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1. 3 29. 1 26.9 9. 7 8.9 23. 5 0 0 0 0 0 .6 0 0 0 0 3 5 2 0 32 1 0 5 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 8.8 9. 1 2. 5 0 60. 5 1. 7 0 16. 4 0 0 .6 0 .5 0 0 1 0 1 0 18 1 2 17 0 4 4 1 0 1 0 4. 5 0 1.8 0 36. 4 1. 7 11. 0 20. 1 0 15.8 6. 5 1. 7 0 .5 0 0 0 0 0 11 1 1 10 2 9 13 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 21. 4 1. 7 1. 4 17. 3 11. 0 30. 4 13.0 1. 7 1. 5 .5 0 0 0 0 0 6 2 0 6 1 13 14 1 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 8. 1 3. 6 0 11. 7 7. 7 33. 3 26.0 1. 7 5. 2 2. 6 0 0 0 0 0 5 1 0 6 0 15 12 1 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 6. 0 1. 7 0 11. 7 0 43. 3 15. 4 8.9 8. 7 4. 2 Weighted average of number of days e a rn e d ------------------------------- 12.4 14.8 17. 0 18. 7 19.8 20. 3 NOTE: Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding. Table 2 0 . Distribution of employment and States by type of insurance program, 1972 A ll States with plans Program Number of States Percent of employment Contributory1 Number of States Percent of employment Noncontributory1 2 Number of States Percent of employment R etirem ent-------------------- ---- ---------- 50 100. 0 49 91. 1 1 8.9 Medical/hospitalization insurance ----------------------------------- 40 82. 9 22 39-6 18 43. 3 Group life insurance--------------------- 31 64. 5 27 57. 3 4 7. 2 Disability income (nonoccupational sickness and accident) insurance------------------------------------ 9 18. 3 4 9. 1 5 9. 2 1 Both the State government and its employ ees share in the financing of the program. 2 The State government assumes full financ ing of the program. Sources: Bureau of the Census, Council of State Governments, and offices of individual States sponsoring programs. Table 21. Compensation structure of State and Federal governments and private industry Government Compensation item State. Private nonfarm economy Federal1 fis c a l year Fiscal year 1972 1973 Comparison fram e1 2 Calenclar year 1972 Total 100. 0 100.0 100. 0 100. 0 74.9 74. 3 .5 .4 .2 73.7 71.6 2. 1 1.6 .5 80. 5 78. 5 2.0 1.8 .3 77. 4 74. 8 2. 6 2. 1 .5 Pay for leave time (except sick leave)3 Vacations4---------------------------------------Holidays Civic and personal le a v e ---- 8.9 5. 1 3.4 .4 10. 1 6. 7 2. 7 .7 5. 6 3. 3 2.0 .1 7. 0 4. 1 2. 5 .2 Retirement program s------Social Security and railroad retirement ■ Other plans-------------------------------------------- 9. 1 3. 0 6. 1 10.6 .2 10. 4 7.0 3. 7 3. 3 8.0 3.6 4. 5 Health and insurance program s3 Life, accident, and health insurance • W orkers’ compensation--------------------Sick leave4 --------------------------------------- 6.8 1.6 .5 4. 7 5. 2 1.9 .5 2.8 4. 7 3.0 .7 •9 5. 4 3.9 .6 •9 Unemployment programs Unemployment insurance Severance payUnemployment benefit funds - .2 .1 (*) ( 5) .4 .3 .1 (5) 1.0 .9 .1 .1 1. 1 .8 .l .1 .1 1.0 .7 (5) (5) .2 .3 Total compensation Pay for working time Straight-time pay — Premium payOvertime, weekends, and holieay work Shift differentials---------------------------------- Nonproduction bonuses (includes awards) ■ Savings and thrift plans---- ----------------------1 Data provided by the Civil Service Commis sion and Office of Management and Budget. 2 Data relate to establishments in the United States (except Alaska and Hawaii) having the indicated minimum employment size in the following indus tries: Manufacturing— 250; retail trade— 250; trans portation, communication, electric, gas, and sani tary services— 100; wholesale trade— 100; engi neering and architectural services— 100; commer cial research and development laboratories— 100; finance, insurance and real estate— 100. These are characteristics of establishments included in the BLS national survey of professional, administrative, technical, and clerical pay (PAT C survey), which is -1 conducted to provide data for pay comparisons be tween private industry and the Federal Government. 3 Includes items in addition to those shown separately. 4 Annual and sick leave reported as earned in State governments, and as used in the Federal Govern ment and private sector. 5 No such program in the State and Federal Governments. NOTE: Because of rounding, sums of individual items may not equal totals. Asterisk (*) indicates less than 0. 05 percent. Appendix: Survey Methods and Definitions of Terms Scope of the survey The survey covered State government agencies (except those in higher education), which employed 10 workers or more.1 These agencies accounted for 95 percent of all employment and 98 percent of gross payrolls.2 Data relate to fiscal year 1972 and are limited to outlays by State government for the compensation of employees and the hours paid for, including working hours and leave time. Methods of collection and processing Data were collected by the Bureau of the Census in conjunction with its Quinquennial Census of Governments. Data on fiscal year payrolls, and on full-time and part-time employment and payrolls for the pay period including October 15, 1972, were obtained from regular Census of Government returns from each government agency. Addi tional data required for this study were obtained from approximately 2,600 data collection forms mailed to State agencies and completed by them. The information provided on these forms included fiscal year data on outlays by the State on behalf of its employees for social security, State retirement plans, unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, life, sick ness, and accident, and health insurance, and nonproduc tion bonuses such as special awards for outstanding performance, prizes under suggestion programs, and for length of service. The forms also provided annual or fiscal year data on total paid hours, hours and pay for holiday leave, overtime hours and pay (straight-time and pre miums), and premiums for holiday, weekend, and late-shift work. Information on hours and pay for earned sick and vacation leave and for civic and personal leave taken were obtained for the pay period including October 15. These were adjusted to annual rates, and related to annual hours and payroll. This procedure differed from the one used in the Bureau’s studies of compensation in private industry, in which actual hours and pay for leave are collected for the year, and was necessary because many States were unable to report these data for the year. Otherwise, the definitions and techniques of measuring compensation and its com ponents were the same as those which the Bureau uses for its studies of compensation in private industry. All returned data collection forms were reviewed by BLS staff for completeness, reasonableness, and consistency. Problems relating to the reporting of data were resolved primarily through telephone calls to appropriate State officials. If data were not available from the reporting agency, they were estimated on the basis of data reported by other agencies of similar size and function within the State. Forms for a few smaller units were eliminated because gaps and inconsistencies in the data could not be resolved or eliminated by these methods. Data on compensation of employees in educational institutions were collected. However, because of technical problems with the reported information, it was not possible to include data for this function in this study. Data on policies and practices were gathered from State laws, publications of the Council of State Governments, and the files of the Governments Division of the Bureau of the Census. Data on paid hours in the Federal Government were taken from the publication of the U.S. Office of Management and Budget, Manyears and Personnel Costs in the Executive Branch o f the Federal Government, Fiscal Year 1972. Leave data reported on a calendar year basis were adjusted to a fiscal year basis by averaging the appropriate successive years. Data on compensation in the Federal Government were reported by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget. Data on private sector compensa tion and hours are from Employee Compensation in the Private Nonfarm Economy, 1972, Bulletin 1873 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1975). Method of computation and tabulation All tables for this study are presented in percentages or dollars per hour. The proportion of total compensation accounted for by an item is expressed in two ways: Aggregate expenditures for the item as a percent of aggregate expenditures for compensation in (1) all establish ments, or (2) only establishments that had expenditures for the item. Similarly, dollars per hour expenditures for an item are derived by dividing aggregate expenditures for the item by hours (either worked or paid for) in all establish ments and in only those that had expenditures for the item. Dollars per hour expenditures are outlays for the item divided by the total hours of all agencies, or the aggregate hours of only those that reported expenditures. Definitions o f terms Compensation is the sum of payments subject to Federal withholding taxes, made to State government employees before deductions of any type, and outlays by State governments for legally required or State instituted insur ance and other benefit programs for employees. Wages and salaries include all payments reported on IRS W-2 forms. They consist of pay for working time; pay for vacations and/or annual leave, holidays, sick leave, and personal, civic, and military leave; severance pay; and nonproduction bonuses. Supplements to wages and salaries consist of State government contributions to retirement programs (includ ing direct pay for pensioners under pay-as-you-go plans), social security, life insurance and health benefit programs (except sick leave), and unemployment benefit programs (except severance pay). Straight-time pay includes pay for regular straight-time hours and straight-time pay for overtime but excludes all premium pay. Paid hours consist of time worked, time spent at the workplace which is not worked but is paid for (e.g., rest periods and coffee breaks) and time spent on paid leave from the place of work. Work hours consist of all paid hours except time spent on paid leave away from the workplace. Employees include all workers employed by the State, whether full time or part time, permanent or otherwise, except members of State legislatures and certain appointed or elected officials such as judges and members of certain State boards and commissions. FOOTNOTES TO APPENDIX ‘ Local school employees in Alaska, Hawaii, and Maine also were excluded, as were employees in Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia. 2In cases where data were centrally reported, information on agencies with fewer than 10 employees was included. A Looseleaf Directory and Factbook on Union and Em ployee Association M em bership and Structure from the Bureau of Labor Statistics Directory of National Unions and Em ployee Associations New, loose-leaf format ensures upto-date information on listed unions and associations. Subscribers receive the basic volume and three complete revisions of the listing section during the two-year interval between Directories. 1973 Directory lists names, addresses of: National and international unions State labor organizations Professional and public employee associations, their officers and key officials, pub lications, information about their conventions, membership, and number of locals. Factbook section of the publication includes a report on developments in the labor movement, 1971-73, and facts about the structure of the labor movement. Information about the level, trend, and composition of membership is supplied by the par ticipating organizations. Extensive statistical appendixes. Please enter my subscription to the Directory of National Unions and Employee Associations, 1973, Catalog Number L 2.2:Un 33 /9/973 , @ $4.45. Price is set by the Government Printing Office, an agency of the U.S. Congress. Additional fee required for mailing to most foreign addresses will be furnished upon request. Allow approximately six weeks for arrival of basic volume. 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