Full text of November 1998 : Text File, USDL 98-497
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Internet address: http://stats.bls.gov/newsrels.htm
Technical information: USDL 98-497
Employment (202) 606-6559
Unemployment 606-6392
Media contact: 606-5902 For release: 10:00 A.M. EST
Friday, December 18, 1998
REGIONAL AND STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT: NOVEMBER 1998
Regional and state unemployment rates continued to be relatively stable
in November. All four regions reported little or no change from October,
and 47 states recorded shifts of 0.3 percentage point or less, the Bureau
of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. The
national jobless rate edged down to 4.4 percent. Nonfarm payroll
employment rose in 39 states and the District of Columbia.
Regional Unemployment (Seasonally Adjusted)
The Midwest?s unemployment rate, 3.6 percent in November, remained the
lowest among the four regions, while the West again recorded the highest
rate, 5.1 percent. Compared with a year earlier, rates were lower by
0.7 percentage point in the Northeast, 0.3 point each in the Midwest and the
South, and 0.2 point in the West. (See table 1.)
Among the nine geographic divisions, the West North Central again
reported the lowest unemployment rate, 3.0 percent. The Pacific division
again had the highest rate, 5.6 percent. No division had an over-the-month
change of more than 0.2 percentage point in either direction. Compared
with last November, the East South Central and New England divisions
experienced the largest rate declines (-0.8 percentage point each),
followed by the Middle Atlantic division (-0.5 point). No division had an
over-the-year rate increase.
State Unemployment (Seasonally Adjusted)
Unemployment rates in 31 states were below the U.S. average in
November, while rates in 19 states and the District of Columbia were
higher. At 2.4 percent, Minnesota and Nebraska tied for the lowest jobless
rate in the nation, followed by three other West North Central states, Iowa
and North Dakota (2.5 percent each) and South Dakota (2.7 percent). Eight
other states recorded rates below 3.5 percent. At 6.3 percent, New Mexico
and West Virginia were the only states with rates of 6.0 percent or more.
The District of Columbia's rate was 8.6 percent. Five of the six states
with the highest rates were in the West. (See table 3 and chart 1.)
Unemployment rates decreased over the month in 30 states and the
District of Columbia, increased in 15 states, and remained the same in 5
states. Alaska's rate dropped the most over the month (-0.9 percentage
point), bringing it to 5.2 percent, the lowest in its series.
Massachusetts' rate declined by 0.5 point from October, while Arizona's
rate increased by 0.5 point.
Over the year, unemployment rates decreased in 34 states, increased in
14 states and the District of Columbia, and were unchanged in 2 states.
Alaska had the largest over-the-year rate decline (-2.1 percentage points),
- 2 -
followed by Tennessee (-1.3 points) and Maine and Massachusetts (-1.0 point
each). Eleven additional states recorded over-the-year rate decreases of
one-half point or more. In contrast, the largest increases over the year
were 0.5 percentage point rises in both the District of Columbia and North
Dakota.
Nonfarm Payroll Employment (Seasonally Adjusted)
Total nonfarm employment increased in 39 states and the District of
Columbia in November. Arizona reported the largest percentage gain
(0.7 percent), followed by South Carolina and Oklahoma (both 0.5 percent).
The largest employment increases occurred in California (29,700), Florida
(22,000), and Georgia (16,400). The largest employment decreases were in
Illinois (-6,100), Indiana (-4,300), and Iowa (-4,100). The greatest
percentage decline occurred in Hawaii (-0.5 percent), followed by New
Hampshire and Iowa (both -0.3 percent). (See table 5.)
Over the month, all major industry divisions, with the exception of
manufacturing and government, showed growth in the majority of the states.
Over the year, employment increased in 48 states and the District of
Columbia, with 20 states reporting increases of 2.0 percent or greater.
The largest percentage gains were in Nevada (4.9 percent) and Arizona and
South Carolina (both 4.7 percent). The largest employment gains occurred
in California (360,900), Texas (237,900), and Florida (231,500). Over-the-
year employment declines occurred in Hawaii (-8,500, or -1.6 percent) and
New Hampshire (-2,600, or -0.5 percent). (See chart 2.)
___________
The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment release for November
is scheduled to be issued on Dec. 30. The Regional and State Employment
and Unemployment release for December is scheduled to be issued on Jan. 22.
Technical Note
This release presents labor force and unemployment data for census
regions and divisions, states, the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan
area, and New York City from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS)
program (tables 1-4). Also presented are nonfarm payroll employment
estimates by state and major industry from the Current Employment
Statistics (CES) program (tables 5 and 6). The LAUS and CES programs are
both Federal-State cooperative endeavors.
Labor force and unemployment--from the LAUS program
Definitions. The labor force and unemployment data are based on the
same concepts and definitions as those used for the official national
estimates obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample
survey of households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS) by the Bureau of the Census. The labor force includes both the
employed and the unemployed. Employed persons are those who did any work
at all for pay or profit in the survey reference week (the week including
the 12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family
business or farm, plus those not working who have a job from which they
were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such reasons as labor-
management dispute, illness, or vacation. Unemployed persons are those who
did not work at all (in the reference week), have actively looked for a job
(sometime in the 4-week period ending with the survey reference week), and
are currently available for work; persons on layoff expecting recall need
not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed.
Method of estimation. Effective January 1996, estimates for all
states, the District of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan
area, and New York City are produced using estimating equations based on
regression techniques. This method utilizes data from several sources,
including the CPS, the CES, and state unemployment insurance (UI) data. A
detailed description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS
upon request. Effective January 1998, estimates for census regions and
divisions are obtained by summing the model-based estimates for the
component states and then calculating the unemployment rate.
Annual revisions. Labor force and unemployment data shown for the
prior year reflect adjustments made at the end of each year, usually with
January estimates. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population data
from the Bureau of the Census and any revisions in the other data sources.
In addition, data for all states, the District of Columbia, and the two
large sub-state areas noted are adjusted annually to equal the CPS annual
averages, usually effective with January estimates. The regional and state
data will not sum to national totals obtained from the CPS, since the
monthly state estimates are not based directly on the CPS.
Seasonal adjustment. Seasonal adjustment of state (and Los Angeles-
Long Beach and New York City) labor force levels are computed by
aggregating independently seasonally adjusted employment and unemployment
levels. Unemployment rates are then computed from these independently
adjusted levels. Region and division levels are calculated as the sum of
the levels of the component states. Revisions of historical data for the
most recent 5 years are usually made at the beginning of each calendar
year, usually coincident with January estimates.
Employment--from the CES program
Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on establishment
payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay period which includes the
12th of the month, except for federal government employment, which
represents the number of persons who occupied positions on the last day of
the month. Persons are counted at their place of work rather than at their
place of residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are counted
on each payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal
product or activity in accordance with the 1987 Standard Industrial
Classification Manual.
Method of estimation. The employment data are estimated using a "link
relative" technique in which a ratio (link relative) of current-month
employment to that of the previous month is computed from a sample of
establishments reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for
the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates for the
previous month by these ratios.
Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted annually to a
complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, derived principally from tax
reports which are submitted by employers who are covered under state
unemployment insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to
adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and the preceding
one and also to establish the level of employment for the new benchmark
month. Thus, the benchmarking process establishes the level of employment,
and the sample is used to measure the month-to-month changes in the level
for the subsequent months.
Seasonal adjustment. Seasonally adjusted payroll employment totals
for states are computed by aggregating independently adjusted series for
major industry divisions. Revisions of historical data for the most recent
5 years are made once a year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.
Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation procedures are
designed to produce accurate data for each individual state. BLS
independently develops a national employment series; state estimates are
not forced to sum to national totals. Because each state series is subject
to larger sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, summing
them cumulates individual state level errors and can cause significant
distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these statistical limitations,
BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" employment series, and cautions
users that such a series is subject to a relatively large and volatile
error structure.
Reliability of the estimates
The estimates presented in this release are based on sample survey and
administrative data and thus are subject to sampling and other types of
errors. Sampling error is a measure of sampling variability--that is,
variation that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire
population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling
errors, such as those which can be introduced into the data collection and
processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from sample surveys
are subject to additional errors resulting from the special estimation
processes used. The sums of individual items may not always equal the
totals shown in the same tables because of rounding. With respect to the
LAUS program, unemployment rates are computed, in most instances, from
unrounded data rather than from data that may be displayed in the tables;
differences, however, are generally insignificant.
Labor force and unemployment estimates. Measures of sampling error,
in the form of standard errors for state annual average estimates derived
from the CPS, are available in the annual BLS bulletin, Geographic Profile
of Employment and Unemployment. Measures of nonsampling error for CPS data
are not available, but additional information on the subject is provided in
the BLS monthly periodical, Employment and Earnings.
Employment estimates. Measures of sampling error are not available
for state CES data, but the relatively large size of the samples maintained
by the state agencies and the annual adjustment of employment estimates to
more recent benchmark levels assure a high degree of accuracy. Information
on recent benchmark revisions for states is available upon request.
Additional information
More complete information on the technical procedures used to develop
these estimates and additional data appear in Employment and Earnings,
which is available by subscription for $35.00 a year from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
DC 20402 (telephone 202-512-1800), and from the BLS Handbook of Methods,
Bulletin 2490, August 1997.
Estimates of labor force and unemployment for over 330 metropolitan
areas are available in the news release, Metropolitan Area Employment and
Unemployment. Estimates of labor force, employment, and unemployment for
all states, metropolitan areas, labor market areas, counties, cities with a
population of 25,000 or more, and other areas used in the administration of
various federal economic assistance programs are available from the BLS
Internet (http://stats.bls.gov/lauhome.htm). Employment data from the CES
program are available at http://stats.bls.gov/790home.htm.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-606-7828; TDD phone:
202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-326-2577.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA
Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by census regions and divisions, seasonally adjusted1
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Census region and Number Percent of labor force
division
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
1997 1998 1998 1998 Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
1997 1998 1998 1998 1997 1998 1998 1998
Northeast........... 26,114.2 26,057.1 26,056.5 26,085.0 1,345.1 1,203.5 1,202.4 1,186.8 5.2 4.6 4.6 4.5
New England....... 7,137.9 7,119.4 7,142.5 7,153.1 298.5 253.7 259.9 244.7 4.2 3.6 3.6 3.4
Middle Atlantic... 18,976.3 18,937.8 18,914.0 18,931.9 1,046.5 949.9 942.5 942.1 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.0
South............... 47,600.5 48,247.0 48,330.6 48,266.6 2,212.8 2,107.2 2,107.9 2,053.2 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.3
South Atlantic.... 24,635.4 24,918.9 24,978.6 24,988.8 1,060.0 979.5 1,008.4 995.7 4.3 3.9 4.0 4.0
East South Central 8,135.3 8,162.3 8,178.4 8,162.9 409.7 353.3 354.6 344.6 5.0 4.3 4.3 4.2
West South Central 14,829.8 15,165.8 15,173.5 15,114.9 743.2 774.4 744.9 712.9 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.7
Midwest............. 33,170.2 33,372.4 33,419.8 33,427.0 1,292.6 1,208.5 1,197.4 1,201.4 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.6
East North Central 22,987.8 23,082.2 23,144.1 23,146.1 962.9 904.5 893.5 894.2 4.2 3.9 3.9 3.9
West North Central 10,182.3 10,290.2 10,275.7 10,280.9 329.7 304.0 303.9 307.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0
West................ 30,323.8 30,935.6 30,953.1 30,945.6 1,610.2 1,674.3 1,637.9 1,592.6 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.1
Mountain.......... 8,550.2 8,809.9 8,830.8 8,834.5 349.0 372.5 361.9 360.2 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1
Pacific........... 21,773.6 22,125.7 22,122.3 22,111.2 1,261.1 1,301.9 1,276.0 1,232.4 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.6
1 These estimates are obtained by summing the state estimates.
NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that compose the various census divisions are: New England: Connecticut,
Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South
Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West
Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma,
and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota,
Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and
Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. All estimates are provisional and will be revised when
new benchmark and population information becomes available.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA
Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by census regions and divisions, not seasonally adjusted1
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
Number Percent of labor force
Census region and
division October November
October November October November
1997 1998 1997 1998
1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998
Northeast........... 26,142.1 26,055.8 26,117.8 26,085.9 1,269.7 1,102.1 1,262.6 1,105.4 4.9 4.2 4.8 4.2
New England....... 7,137.2 7,139.9 7,135.2 7,151.0 268.1 227.0 274.2 223.1 3.8 3.2 3.8 3.1
Middle Atlantic... 19,004.9 18,915.9 18,982.5 18,934.9 1,001.6 875.1 988.4 882.3 5.3 4.6 5.2 4.7
South............... 47,571.1 48,417.1 47,727.3 48,411.4 2,163.0 2,031.6 2,113.5 1,957.1 4.5 4.2 4.4 4.0
South Atlantic.... 24,592.1 24,998.0 24,659.0 25,020.8 1,047.5 989.6 1,018.1 953.3 4.3 4.0 4.1 3.8
East South Central 8,144.7 8,204.8 8,193.1 8,224.3 405.3 343.9 385.1 323.1 5.0 4.2 4.7 3.9
West South Central 14,834.2 15,214.4 14,875.2 15,166.3 710.3 698.2 710.3 680.7 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.5
Midwest............. 33,170.4 33,481.8 33,242.4 33,504.1 1,154.9 1,056.8 1,184.2 1,102.1 3.5 3.2 3.6 3.3
East North Central 22,986.9 23,180.9 23,041.1 23,201.7 859.8 794.9 885.0 825.9 3.7 3.4 3.8 3.6
West North Central 10,183.4 10,300.8 10,201.3 10,302.5 295.2 261.9 299.3 276.2 2.9 2.5 2.9 2.7
West................ 30,389.1 31,073.8 30,349.8 30,972.1 1,550.5 1,555.5 1,555.9 1,536.7 5.1 5.0 5.1 5.0
Mountain.......... 8,552.9 8,876.1 8,585.5 8,869.6 331.5 344.8 327.9 338.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8
Pacific........... 21,836.1 22,197.8 21,764.4 22,102.5 1,219.0 1,210.7 1,228.0 1,198.6 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.4
1 These estimates are obtained by summing the state estimates. The composition of the regions and divisions is described in
table 1.
NOTE: All estimates are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and population information becomes available.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 3. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected areas, seasonally adjusted
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
State and Area Number Percent of labor force
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p
Alabama................ 2,164.6 2,152.1 2,158.6 2,153.2 102.7 90.5 94.2 91.0 4.7 4.2 4.4 4.2
Alaska................. 317.4 318.9 321.0 317.7 23.1 18.8 19.5 16.6 7.3 5.9 6.1 5.2
Arizona................ 2,211.5 2,297.7 2,282.4 2,293.0 94.7 96.1 80.9 91.0 4.3 4.2 3.5 4.0
Arkansas............... 1,229.7 1,241.8 1,248.4 1,247.5 61.7 62.2 67.8 65.7 5.0 5.0 5.4 5.3
California............. 16,086.1 16,351.0 16,310.5 16,311.5 973.6 987.1 968.9 933.1 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.7
Los Angeles-Long
Beach............. 4,536.1 4,657.3 4,631.6 4,682.3 298.9 308.5 314.6 306.9 6.6 6.6 6.8 6.6
Colorado............... 2,196.4 2,263.4 2,279.3 2,267.4 67.4 80.6 84.4 77.4 3.1 3.6 3.7 3.4
Connecticut............ 1,726.6 1,722.3 1,720.7 1,725.6 80.0 66.9 65.0 65.4 4.6 3.9 3.8 3.8
Delaware............... 383.9 394.0 397.6 397.2 12.7 13.4 14.1 14.3 3.3 3.4 3.6 3.6
District of Columbia... 255.6 261.0 260.6 259.2 20.8 23.2 23.5 22.4 8.1 8.9 9.0 8.6
Florida................ 7,221.2 7,345.5 7,359.0 7,347.8 337.0 307.1 322.3 318.0 4.7 4.2 4.4 4.3
Georgia................ 3,928.5 4,003.6 4,001.6 4,021.0 164.2 155.4 155.4 161.1 4.2 3.9 3.9 4.0
Hawaii................. 592.5 600.8 599.0 595.8 35.4 36.6 35.0 35.2 6.0 6.1 5.8 5.9
Idaho.................. 638.4 663.2 662.7 663.8 32.6 33.0 33.3 31.8 5.1 5.0 5.0 4.8
Illinois............... 6,156.7 6,163.5 6,186.4 6,166.6 294.8 278.6 270.2 276.6 4.8 4.5 4.4 4.5
Indiana................ 3,113.8 3,095.0 3,104.7 3,122.4 109.2 95.9 85.9 92.8 3.5 3.1 2.8 3.0
Iowa................... 1,573.9 1,581.1 1,567.2 1,568.5 45.3 41.8 41.4 39.9 2.9 2.6 2.6 2.5
Kansas................. 1,394.0 1,424.7 1,429.4 1,428.1 50.6 52.9 52.0 51.9 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.6
Kentucky............... 1,938.7 1,943.5 1,946.1 1,945.9 94.9 80.0 83.0 81.8 4.9 4.1 4.3 4.2
Louisiana.............. 2,037.2 2,073.4 2,069.9 2,059.1 119.4 127.2 103.3 109.5 5.9 6.1 5.0 5.3
Maine.................. 659.0 649.6 661.0 666.4 35.0 28.1 29.7 28.6 5.3 4.3 4.5 4.3
Maryland............... 2,789.1 2,779.1 2,793.2 2,797.7 137.4 119.9 115.3 119.5 4.9 4.3 4.1 4.3
Massachusetts.......... 3,263.2 3,265.2 3,273.4 3,269.4 126.4 107.9 109.8 95.7 3.9 3.3 3.4 2.9
Michigan............... 5,003.4 5,055.4 5,079.3 5,084.6 199.0 183.7 186.5 181.5 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.6
Minnesota.............. 2,660.8 2,698.6 2,691.1 2,702.3 79.6 64.3 59.1 65.6 3.0 2.4 2.2 2.4
Mississippi............ 1,278.4 1,284.6 1,286.3 1,283.2 69.6 68.2 64.7 63.1 5.4 5.3 5.0 4.9
Missouri............... 2,892.5 2,909.7 2,908.1 2,900.3 116.9 107.4 110.9 107.5 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.7
Montana................ 459.0 464.3 466.1 468.7 24.8 24.0 25.6 26.5 5.4 5.2 5.5 5.7
Nebraska............... 919.0 930.0 931.0 932.8 19.1 19.3 21.1 22.8 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.4
Nevada................. 897.1 931.4 942.7 948.0 35.4 35.3 35.3 35.1 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7
New Hampshire.......... 653.2 648.7 654.4 657.2 19.5 15.7 18.7 20.4 3.0 2.4 2.9 3.1
New Jersey............. 4,186.2 4,190.0 4,183.0 4,177.7 206.9 196.9 190.6 186.5 4.9 4.7 4.6 4.5
New Mexico............. 832.8 847.5 849.1 846.7 51.5 55.2 55.0 53.7 6.2 6.5 6.5 6.3
New York............... 8,799.5 8,794.5 8,795.6 8,815.9 546.7 483.8 474.1 480.8 6.2 5.5 5.4 5.5
New York City........ 3,341.2 3,362.1 3,371.3 3,379.5 290.9 262.9 266.6 269.9 8.7 7.8 7.9 8.0
North Carolina......... 3,843.3 3,819.9 3,827.2 3,822.3 139.4 133.9 137.9 126.6 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.3
North Dakota........... 346.3 346.7 346.5 345.0 7.1 8.7 9.0 8.7 2.0 2.5 2.6 2.5
Ohio................... 5,767.0 5,804.7 5,805.7 5,802.3 256.1 250.3 248.6 238.7 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.1
Oklahoma............... 1,607.7 1,635.3 1,638.3 1,638.9 60.8 71.1 70.6 68.4 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.2
Oregon................. 1,767.3 1,789.1 1,804.8 1,804.4 96.5 101.7 103.2 101.7 5.5 5.7 5.7 5.6
Pennsylvania........... 5,990.7 5,953.3 5,935.5 5,938.4 292.9 269.1 277.8 274.9 4.9 4.5 4.7 4.6
Rhode Island........... 506.7 502.6 502.2 503.0 25.2 24.6 26.2 24.9 5.0 4.9 5.2 4.9
South Carolina......... 1,907.7 1,932.6 1,949.8 1,959.3 70.8 63.3 74.2 75.8 3.7 3.3 3.8 3.9
South Dakota........... 395.9 399.4 402.3 403.9 11.2 9.7 10.4 10.8 2.8 2.4 2.6 2.7
Tennessee.............. 2,753.6 2,782.1 2,787.4 2,780.5 142.5 114.7 112.7 108.6 5.2 4.1 4.0 3.9
Texas.................. 9,955.2 10,215.3 10,216.9 10,169.5 501.3 514.0 503.2 469.4 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.6
Utah................... 1,061.9 1,084.5 1,090.4 1,089.0 31.1 36.3 35.1 32.3 2.9 3.3 3.2 3.0
Vermont................ 329.3 330.9 330.8 331.6 12.4 10.4 10.5 9.7 3.8 3.2 3.2 2.9
Virginia............... 3,500.9 3,580.5 3,579.1 3,577.0 124.8 111.8 112.3 106.8 3.6 3.1 3.1 3.0
Washington............. 3,010.2 3,065.9 3,087.0 3,081.8 132.6 157.6 149.4 145.9 4.4 5.1 4.8 4.7
West Virginia.......... 805.0 802.8 810.4 807.3 52.9 51.5 53.4 51.1 6.6 6.4 6.6 6.3
Wisconsin.............. 2,947.0 2,963.6 2,968.0 2,970.2 103.8 96.1 102.3 104.6 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.5
Wyoming................ 253.0 257.9 258.1 257.9 11.6 11.9 12.4 12.3 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.8
Puerto Rico............ 1,309.4 1,318.3 1,259.3 1,298.9 186.3 178.6 180.0 172.7 14.2 13.5 14.3 13.3
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the
Current Population Survey. All estimates are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and population information
becomes available.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 4. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected areas, not seasonally adjusted
Unemployed
Civilian labor force
State Number Percent of labor force
October November October November October November
1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998 1997 1998
Alabama................ 2,178.6 2,164.3 2,178.8 2,166.7 108.7 97.5 97.3 86.1 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.0
Alaska................. 315.7 320.5 314.8 315.6 22.5 18.7 22.9 16.9 7.1 5.8 7.3 5.4
Arizona................ 2,207.5 2,300.1 2,224.9 2,305.8 100.6 87.7 88.5 84.0 4.6 3.8 4.0 3.6
Arkansas............... 1,216.8 1,244.8 1,226.1 1,244.7 52.3 57.5 54.3 57.4 4.3 4.6 4.4 4.6
California............. 16,141.9 16,377.2 16,092.0 16,318.5 951.7 928.9 943.9 901.2 5.9 5.7 5.9 5.5
Los Angeles-Long
Beach............. 4,548.7 4,651.5 4,521.8 4,670.1 285.0 302.0 283.5 292.8 6.3 6.5 6.3 6.3
Colorado............... 2,207.1 2,296.4 2,210.0 2,279.2 59.9 77.6 63.6 73.2 2.7 3.4 2.9 3.2
Connecticut............ 1,723.6 1,719.0 1,721.5 1,721.6 73.5 56.7 72.3 58.0 4.3 3.3 4.2 3.4
Delaware............... 379.4 395.0 386.6 400.1 12.2 13.1 11.5 13.0 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.2
District of Columbia... 255.4 260.1 255.2 258.1 20.4 22.6 20.3 21.5 8.0 8.7 7.9 8.3
Florida................ 7,216.3 7,388.5 7,240.8 7,372.8 336.0 323.6 334.4 314.9 4.7 4.4 4.6 4.3
Georgia................ 3,949.2 4,017.8 3,950.1 4,043.2 175.9 164.0 156.1 152.4 4.5 4.1 4.0 3.8
Hawaii................. 589.0 595.8 594.2 597.6 35.0 34.0 34.2 34.2 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.7
Idaho.................. 636.6 661.3 637.6 663.7 27.4 26.9 29.8 29.8 4.3 4.1 4.7 4.5
Illinois............... 6,151.6 6,187.0 6,169.3 6,179.8 261.1 247.2 268.0 254.4 4.2 4.0 4.3 4.1
Indiana................ 3,122.2 3,115.2 3,115.5 3,124.3 104.1 77.7 100.4 85.2 3.3 2.5 3.2 2.7
Iowa................... 1,579.5 1,571.2 1,579.8 1,574.1 37.0 33.5 42.5 37.7 2.3 2.1 2.7 2.4
Kansas................. 1,388.0 1,431.5 1,402.7 1,437.3 49.3 51.3 49.5 51.4 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6
Kentucky............... 1,932.1 1,942.0 1,948.9 1,956.7 91.7 78.9 90.5 78.8 4.7 4.1 4.6 4.0
Louisiana.............. 2,042.1 2,079.4 2,039.6 2,059.7 116.1 101.1 110.4 99.7 5.7 4.9 5.4 4.8
Maine.................. 657.1 660.4 652.6 660.6 29.9 24.8 34.2 28.6 4.5 3.8 5.2 4.3
Maryland............... 2,784.1 2,792.7 2,791.5 2,800.2 137.6 113.0 134.7 116.8 4.9 4.0 4.8 4.2
Massachusetts.......... 3,263.1 3,267.9 3,265.8 3,270.9 111.3 94.7 113.6 84.5 3.4 2.9 3.5 2.6
Michigan............... 5,003.6 5,082.3 5,016.5 5,096.2 169.9 155.2 177.2 158.8 3.4 3.1 3.5 3.1
Minnesota.............. 2,670.8 2,712.3 2,671.9 2,714.8 72.4 50.4 67.3 53.5 2.7 1.9 2.5 2.0
Mississippi............ 1,274.7 1,283.0 1,279.1 1,284.0 69.6 60.6 60.6 53.2 5.5 4.7 4.7 4.1
Missouri............... 2,888.0 2,903.3 2,889.9 2,897.8 103.7 93.2 107.5 96.7 3.6 3.2 3.7 3.3
Montana................ 455.4 463.6 455.2 464.9 21.8 22.6 24.1 25.8 4.8 4.9 5.3 5.6
Nebraska............... 916.1 933.7 920.6 935.2 19.1 19.5 15.5 19.0 2.1 2.1 1.7 2.0
Nevada................. 897.2 944.9 897.6 948.5 33.7 33.0 32.6 31.4 3.8 3.5 3.6 3.3
New Hampshire.......... 650.0 651.8 654.2 658.0 16.3 15.5 19.2 20.1 2.5 2.4 2.9 3.0
New Jersey............. 4,192.1 4,179.6 4,187.7 4,176.7 198.5 178.5 195.2 174.0 4.7 4.3 4.7 4.2
New Mexico............. 830.9 850.6 836.3 850.7 46.4 51.8 47.7 50.5 5.6 6.1 5.7 5.9
New York............... 8,806.7 8,781.3 8,780.0 8,793.6 533.9 448.5 517.6 450.6 6.1 5.1 5.9 5.1
New York City........ 3,364.9 3,372.4 3,344.6 3,378.6 299.8 262.8 280.9 258.3 8.9 7.8 8.4 7.6
North Carolina......... 3,852.0 3,831.1 3,850.0 3,828.2 126.6 127.0 134.2 121.4 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.2
North Dakota........... 346.6 346.1 341.6 340.1 4.7 6.1 6.4 7.9 1.4 1.8 1.9 2.3
Ohio................... 5,772.2 5,831.5 5,800.0 5,837.7 239.0 229.9 250.3 235.1 4.1 3.9 4.3 4.0
Oklahoma............... 1,614.9 1,648.8 1,611.6 1,643.6 62.0 70.1 56.0 63.6 3.8 4.3 3.5 3.9
Oregon................. 1,764.7 1,804.4 1,767.8 1,805.4 85.3 89.8 92.1 97.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4
Pennsylvania........... 6,006.1 5,955.0 6,014.8 5,964.5 269.2 248.2 275.6 257.7 4.5 4.2 4.6 4.3
Rhode Island........... 511.5 506.2 510.5 506.6 25.9 25.9 22.8 22.3 5.1 5.1 4.5 4.4
South Carolina......... 1,908.2 1,945.1 1,893.7 1,944.1 73.0 74.4 61.6 66.6 3.8 3.8 3.3 3.4
South Dakota........... 394.5 402.7 394.8 403.2 9.0 8.0 10.5 10.0 2.3 2.0 2.6 2.5
Tennessee.............. 2,759.4 2,815.5 2,786.3 2,816.9 135.3 106.8 136.7 105.0 4.9 3.8 4.9 3.7
Texas.................. 9,960.4 10,241.5 9,997.9 10,218.3 479.9 469.5 489.6 460.0 4.8 4.6 4.9 4.5
Utah................... 1,065.0 1,099.7 1,071.5 1,099.1 31.7 34.9 30.8 31.9 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.9
Vermont................ 331.9 334.5 330.6 333.4 11.2 9.4 12.1 9.6 3.4 2.8 3.7 2.9
Virginia............... 3,446.8 3,561.1 3,488.2 3,568.8 118.5 104.7 115.5 98.7 3.4 2.9 3.3 2.8
Washington............. 3,024.9 3,099.9 2,995.5 3,065.5 124.6 139.3 134.9 148.8 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.9
West Virginia.......... 800.6 806.7 803.0 805.4 47.3 47.2 49.8 48.1 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.0
Wisconsin.............. 2,937.3 2,964.9 2,939.7 2,963.7 85.7 84.9 89.1 92.3 2.9 2.9 3.0 3.1
Wyoming................ 253.1 259.4 252.4 257.7 10.0 10.4 10.8 11.5 4.0 4.0 4.3 4.4
Puerto Rico............ 1,314.7 1,268.6 1,325.4 1,314.3 179.1 179.3 176.8 163.7 13.6 14.1 13.3 12.5
NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the
Current Population Survey. All estimates are provisional and will be revised when new benchmark and population information
becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 5. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry division, seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
Total(1) Construction Manufacturing
State
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p
Alabama............ 1,871.0 1,886.1 1,886.2 1,886.4 96.5 100.0 99.7 100.6 378.7 373.9 371.4 369.4
Alaska............. 268.8 273.9 273.8 274.5 12.7 12.9 12.9 13.2 15.5 14.8 15.0 15.3
Arizona............ 2,011.8 2,092.9 2,091.0 2,105.8 131.4 139.5 139.9 140.9 211.6 216.6 216.6 216.0
Arkansas........... 1,110.6 1,125.5 1,126.1 1,129.2 48.0 49.9 49.9 50.2 253.3 253.9 253.9 253.6
California......... 13367.0 13656.0 13698.2 13727.9 573.1 615.3 623.8 627.2 1,936.5 1,943.0 1,946.1 1,939.9
Colorado........... 2,003.3 2,062.0 2,065.5 2,063.3 118.0 131.2 132.5 131.3 206.6 205.8 206.5 206.8
Connecticut........ 1,634.6 1,640.7 1,649.7 1,654.6 58.1 59.6 59.8 60.3 276.0 276.4 275.9 275.0
Delaware........... 393.6 403.1 404.2 406.0 22.2 22.9 22.9 23.4 58.4 58.9 59.0 59.4
District of
Columbia........ 610.8 612.2 611.7 612.2 8.4 8.5 8.4 8.3 12.6 12.8 12.9 12.8
Florida............ 6,534.1 6,728.4 6,743.6 6,765.6 339.3 350.3 352.6 353.4 491.5 491.7 490.3 488.8
Georgia............ 3,674.8 3,752.8 3,757.5 3,773.9 173.3 182.7 183.0 183.1 589.3 590.9 593.7 593.2
Hawaii(2).......... 532.8 531.0 526.7 524.3 21.9 20.8 19.8 19.6 16.5 16.1 16.0 16.0
Idaho.............. 513.5 519.1 523.6 524.1 32.5 32.3 32.7 32.7 75.5 74.9 75.7 75.7
Illinois........... 5,823.5 5,880.0 5,890.5 5,884.4 239.3 240.3 242.2 241.3 979.5 978.2 981.3 973.9
Indiana............ 2,873.9 2,884.9 2,886.7 2,882.4 142.3 138.4 139.3 139.7 678.4 680.0 681.4 681.1
Iowa............... 1,416.9 1,442.2 1,448.5 1,444.4 60.5 62.3 62.3 61.9 256.1 258.7 259.8 259.1
Kansas............. 1,282.8 1,309.2 1,312.2 1,315.3 59.4 61.9 62.1 62.0 208.4 212.0 212.3 212.7
Kentucky........... 1,726.2 1,756.4 1,755.4 1,757.9 81.6 85.9 85.9 85.4 315.9 315.9 315.6 314.9
Louisiana.......... 1,867.7 1,884.8 1,885.5 1,890.3 117.4 122.4 123.8 125.8 190.7 189.8 188.6 190.1
Maine.............. 560.8 567.9 569.3 570.3 24.4 25.4 25.4 25.6 87.8 87.2 86.6 86.1
Maryland........... 2,272.1 2,298.8 2,309.3 2,317.5 139.7 137.2 138.9 139.9 176.6 175.0 174.7 174.7
Massachusetts...... 3,157.6 3,210.3 3,212.4 3,218.6 102.5 107.4 108.2 110.7 451.6 448.0 446.8 444.8
Michigan........... 4,471.1 4,554.9 4,565.4 4,564.8 184.1 185.5 188.3 189.5 970.7 977.5 978.7 971.1
Minnesota.......... 2,512.6 2,547.5 2,564.1 2,568.4 95.7 101.2 100.9 102.5 439.3 440.8 441.8 441.7
Mississippi........ 1,113.1 1,119.3 1,124.7 1,124.2 51.6 54.6 55.6 56.7 241.2 239.1 239.4 238.4
Missouri........... 2,652.0 2,686.7 2,687.5 2,689.3 125.2 127.3 128.7 129.9 419.8 423.7 420.2 417.4
Montana............ 369.0 370.1 370.5 371.8 18.6 17.3 17.4 17.7 24.5 24.1 24.1 24.2
Nebraska........... 866.4 878.8 879.8 879.4 39.2 40.6 40.6 40.4 116.8 118.5 118.1 117.5
Nevada............. 904.2 940.5 948.1 948.5 83.7 90.6 89.6 89.7 41.2 43.0 43.0 42.9
New Hampshire...... 572.5 569.3 571.6 569.9 21.0 21.8 21.6 21.7 107.7 104.9 104.9 104.6
New Jersey......... 3,758.2 3,815.0 3,815.6 3,821.9 131.8 138.5 137.8 138.4 483.5 476.0 473.9 474.2
New Mexico......... 713.3 722.2 723.3 723.7 42.2 43.0 43.2 42.7 47.3 44.8 44.7 44.4
New York........... 8,083.4 8,187.1 8,207.4 8,218.0 267.8 280.7 283.5 285.4 923.3 917.6 916.5 914.4
North Carolina..... 3,716.8 3,753.3 3,760.4 3,767.4 207.9 210.3 212.1 213.1 834.7 822.1 819.1 818.5
North Dakota....... 315.1 317.5 316.8 316.1 14.8 15.1 15.0 14.6 23.7 23.6 23.3 23.6
Ohio............... 5,417.1 5,475.6 5,484.4 5,485.2 225.4 233.8 232.9 233.9 1,090.8 1,090.0 1,093.1 1,088.1
Oklahoma........... 1,403.4 1,436.7 1,436.7 1,443.9 50.9 53.2 52.8 52.8 183.2 185.5 185.8 186.8
Oregon............. 1,536.9 1,566.7 1,573.0 1,579.4 83.1 81.7 84.6 85.1 246.2 241.9 241.3 243.1
Pennsylvania....... 5,434.4 5,491.8 5,479.5 5,487.7 216.4 220.6 220.2 222.8 938.6 932.2 928.7 927.4
Rhode Island....... 451.1 455.2 455.2 456.4 14.9 16.7 17.1 17.3 78.8 78.3 78.2 77.8
South Carolina..... 1,735.0 1,804.3 1,806.4 1,816.3 101.6 111.1 111.5 111.9 362.1 364.2 363.3 363.0
South Dakota....... 355.7 361.0 361.8 362.1 15.7 15.6 15.7 15.8 49.7 50.1 50.2 50.1
Tennessee.......... 2,603.0 2,625.9 2,634.8 2,637.9 117.8 121.9 122.7 123.6 517.5 507.9 507.4 506.0
Texas.............. 8,732.1 8,938.6 8,955.4 8,970.0 464.5 485.8 488.6 490.4 1,091.8 1,097.6 1,096.8 1,095.4
Utah............... 1,010.6 1,027.8 1,030.9 1,031.9 65.8 67.1 68.2 69.3 134.0 134.5 134.4 134.8
Vermont............ 279.7 283.7 282.9 283.7 12.8 13.0 13.1 13.3 46.9 48.4 48.2 48.0
Virginia........... 3,267.2 3,340.1 3,343.1 3,345.9 188.3 196.9 198.5 198.9 405.3 406.0 404.8 403.2
Washington......... 2,534.5 2,603.4 2,609.9 2,612.3 136.8 142.1 142.5 143.3 375.1 375.7 373.1 371.8
West Virginia...... 717.7 721.7 726.6 724.8 35.6 35.0 36.5 36.1 82.4 82.5 82.5 82.1
Wisconsin.......... 2,679.4 2,717.0 2,715.8 2,725.4 109.4 113.7 114.2 116.6 615.8 617.0 615.0 617.3
Wyoming............ 223.2 226.2 225.6 226.5 15.2 15.4 15.2 15.1 10.9 11.1 11.0 11.0
Transportation and public Trade Finance, insurance, and real
utilities estate
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p
Alabama............ 90.7 91.7 91.6 91.5 429.2 434.8 436.5 437.0 84.9 86.8 87.4 87.6
Alaska............. 24.0 25.1 25.0 24.9 54.9 56.8 56.0 56.0 12.2 12.6 12.5 12.4
Arizona............ 97.0 100.5 100.3 102.1 487.8 503.1 504.6 505.6 130.0 135.2 135.8 136.2
Arkansas........... 66.9 67.7 68.1 68.3 253.7 256.2 255.4 256.9 44.4 44.1 44.1 44.2
California......... 675.4 681.8 681.0 686.0 3,100.1 3,139.3 3,146.6 3,156.5 764.7 788.2 789.1 788.4
Colorado........... 121.8 126.9 126.5 125.5 486.6 504.6 505.7 506.1 129.5 134.0 134.0 133.7
Connecticut........ 75.3 70.5 76.0 76.2 359.6 359.2 359.6 362.7 132.8 135.6 135.8 136.2
Delaware........... 15.7 15.8 16.1 16.2 85.9 88.1 88.5 88.2 48.2 49.8 50.0 49.9
District of
Columbia........ 17.5 16.7 16.6 16.7 48.6 48.9 48.3 48.5 28.3 28.9 28.9 28.8
Florida............ 330.9 343.7 343.4 344.1 1,675.7 1,711.4 1,717.0 1,723.6 419.3 429.5 431.5 433.2
Georgia............ 235.7 243.0 244.0 244.7 929.1 935.8 939.4 945.1 190.8 197.2 197.6 198.2
Hawaii(2).......... 41.5 40.8 40.5 40.1 134.7 132.1 132.4 131.5 35.8 34.9 35.1 34.8
Idaho.............. 24.1 24.8 24.7 24.9 129.4 130.5 130.6 132.5 25.6 26.6 27.0 26.5
Illinois........... 340.8 343.3 342.5 344.3 1,331.7 1,339.0 1,339.3 1,341.9 404.3 412.6 413.4 413.4
Indiana............ 140.7 140.8 142.1 142.0 682.9 684.8 684.8 682.8 140.1 142.5 143.4 143.5
Iowa............... 66.5 68.6 69.2 69.4 348.5 350.1 352.1 351.2 80.7 82.3 82.7 82.6
Kansas............. 73.0 74.5 75.2 75.6 313.6 321.3 322.2 322.7 60.8 60.6 60.7 60.9
Kentucky........... 98.6 102.7 102.3 101.9 414.4 418.8 418.2 421.4 70.4 71.0 71.1 71.0
Louisiana.......... 111.8 113.9 114.1 114.6 434.7 436.9 437.2 437.7 86.5 86.2 86.2 86.6
Maine.............. 23.4 24.0 23.9 23.9 142.8 142.6 143.7 144.7 29.0 30.8 31.2 31.2
Maryland........... 105.9 106.3 106.7 106.6 539.1 536.9 539.4 540.6 130.9 133.2 133.3 133.5
Massachusetts...... 136.0 138.2 137.2 135.9 722.0 731.1 728.9 731.2 215.2 218.7 219.2 220.2
Michigan........... 175.1 174.4 175.9 175.9 1,047.9 1,069.9 1,071.5 1,075.4 206.6 207.5 207.6 208.1
Minnesota.......... 125.3 114.7 127.0 127.1 607.0 613.3 615.6 618.0 148.5 153.0 153.5 154.1
Mississippi........ 53.6 52.8 52.8 52.2 238.0 238.0 239.6 238.5 41.1 41.5 42.0 42.2
Missouri........... 163.6 164.8 165.1 165.5 625.4 637.0 636.9 636.5 154.8 159.6 159.9 160.2
Montana............ 21.4 21.1 21.3 21.3 99.3 100.1 99.9 100.1 16.6 16.8 17.0 17.1
Nebraska........... 54.4 56.8 56.7 56.8 212.0 214.9 215.1 215.1 55.4 57.7 57.9 58.4
Nevada............. 46.7 48.0 48.2 48.2 182.4 188.9 189.9 191.0 41.1 43.4 43.6 43.9
New Hampshire...... 19.4 19.2 19.1 19.1 150.1 149.5 151.3 150.1 29.4 30.2 29.7 29.9
New Jersey......... 259.4 265.9 264.2 264.1 877.8 892.0 894.1 895.0 240.9 244.4 245.5 246.4
New Mexico......... 32.6 33.2 33.6 33.6 168.8 173.7 173.3 173.4 31.3 31.9 31.9 32.1
New York........... 410.6 411.9 412.8 412.3 1,651.6 1,671.8 1,672.8 1,677.5 721.5 732.4 733.1 734.0
North Carolina..... 171.0 170.6 170.5 171.3 845.1 850.8 855.7 859.6 168.9 178.5 178.6 178.7
North Dakota....... 18.0 18.0 18.2 18.1 81.5 80.8 81.4 80.9 15.0 15.6 15.7 15.9
Ohio............... 233.8 234.0 234.8 234.3 1,318.5 1,320.9 1,322.7 1,325.3 288.7 293.4 294.2 294.4
Oklahoma........... 80.7 83.0 83.5 83.8 326.6 330.0 331.6 332.9 70.2 71.0 71.3 71.5
Oregon............. 74.6 76.0 75.6 75.7 381.9 386.3 389.3 390.1 96.1 98.1 97.7 97.6
Pennsylvania....... 278.4 282.7 281.7 281.2 1,223.9 1,236.7 1,235.6 1,234.3 315.3 321.5 321.4 321.5
Rhode Island....... 15.7 16.0 15.7 15.9 98.7 99.1 98.6 99.2 26.7 27.9 28.1 28.5
South Carolina..... 76.5 78.8 79.3 79.7 426.5 443.2 443.9 449.5 75.3 79.3 79.4 79.9
South Dakota....... 15.9 16.3 16.3 16.3 88.3 89.9 89.6 89.0 21.6 22.7 22.9 23.1
Tennessee.......... 150.4 152.2 152.0 152.2 614.8 619.4 621.0 622.1 121.7 122.8 122.9 123.2
Texas.............. 524.7 547.4 548.2 548.7 2,071.0 2,108.1 2,113.1 2,117.0 469.7 484.7 486.0 486.1
Utah............... 57.3 58.3 58.2 58.2 241.2 244.4 244.6 243.9 54.0 54.4 54.2 54.3
Vermont............ 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.3 65.1 65.9 65.7 66.1 12.3 12.3 12.2 12.4
Virginia........... 170.7 173.2 174.1 174.4 732.3 741.5 743.5 744.5 169.1 172.9 173.8 173.7
Washington......... 133.9 138.9 138.9 139.6 611.9 631.9 633.5 635.7 130.4 136.3 136.5 136.6
West Virginia...... 39.2 39.5 39.4 39.3 164.3 163.9 166.2 165.1 28.5 28.5 28.9 29.0
Wisconsin.......... 123.0 124.3 124.1 123.8 608.5 617.4 618.8 620.2 141.8 145.2 145.6 146.4
Wyoming............ 14.0 14.0 13.9 14.0 52.3 52.4 52.9 52.9 8.2 8.5 8.4 8.5
Services Government
Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov. Nov. Sept. Oct. Nov.
1997 1998 1998 1998p 1997 1998 1998 1998p
Alabama............ 433.9 439.1 440.3 441.6 347.1 350.1 349.7 349.1
Alaska............. 66.1 67.9 68.3 68.4 73.3 73.1 73.6 73.8
Arizona............ 612.5 638.5 639.4 642.7 327.3 346.3 341.2 349.2
Arkansas........... 257.3 263.8 263.9 264.5 183.5 186.4 187.3 188.0
California......... 4,124.2 4,268.6 4,280.3 4,295.1 2,163.6 2,191.8 2,203.3 2,206.9
Colorado........... 610.4 622.9 623.7 621.5 316.2 323.0 322.9 324.6
Connecticut........ 506.4 512.3 515.7 518.0 225.6 226.3 226.1 225.4
Delaware........... 109.5 112.7 113.3 114.5 53.6 54.8 54.3 54.3
District of
Columbia........ 266.0 270.3 271.5 271.8 229.3 226.0 225.0 225.2
Florida............ 2,321.5 2,433.3 2,433.4 2,442.9 949.3 961.6 968.4 972.6
Georgia............ 967.4 992.4 996.3 1,007.0 581.1 602.1 594.8 593.8
Hawaii(2).......... 170.3 168.8 169.8 169.9 112.1 117.5 113.1 112.4
Idaho.............. 123.9 124.3 126.2 126.1 99.6 102.6 103.5 102.7
Illinois........... 1,709.9 1,748.8 1,751.2 1,751.6 806.2 806.5 809.1 806.7
Indiana............ 696.7 697.1 699.8 699.7 386.1 394.8 389.4 387.0
Iowa............... 369.1 378.0 380.7 381.2 233.4 240.1 239.6 237.0
Kansas............. 324.1 330.2 330.5 333.6 235.2 240.7 241.3 239.9
Kentucky........... 431.7 444.0 444.7 445.9 291.0 296.0 295.5 295.2
Louisiana.......... 504.6 512.2 511.8 512.1 366.5 369.7 370.6 370.2
Maine.............. 160.5 165.3 166.3 166.8 92.8 92.5 92.1 91.9
Maryland........... 762.7 773.4 780.9 785.1 416.0 435.5 434.1 435.9
Massachusetts...... 1,121.6 1,153.1 1,157.8 1,160.8 407.3 412.4 412.8 413.6
Michigan........... 1,235.2 1,270.5 1,278.5 1,279.9 643.9 662.1 657.4 657.2
Minnesota.......... 708.9 730.6 730.6 732.7 380.1 386.2 387.0 384.5
Mississippi........ 261.5 262.5 262.7 263.9 220.3 225.1 226.7 226.6
Missouri........... 744.3 745.6 747.5 750.7 414.1 423.7 424.3 424.0
Montana............ 106.0 107.2 107.1 107.5 77.3 78.2 78.3 78.7
Nebraska........... 233.4 235.8 236.8 237.6 153.9 153.2 153.3 152.2
Nevada............. 386.7 398.3 406.2 406.5 108.0 114.6 113.9 112.8
New Hampshire...... 166.0 164.0 165.4 165.0 78.4 79.2 79.2 79.1
New Jersey......... 1,192.9 1,225.4 1,227.7 1,232.4 570.0 570.9 570.5 569.5
New Mexico......... 197.4 203.1 203.9 204.7 178.2 177.5 177.9 178.1
New York........... 2,729.4 2,798.6 2,811.1 2,819.9 1,374.7 1,369.5 1,373.1 1,370.0
North Carolina..... 896.2 915.9 918.1 919.4 589.0 601.0 602.3 602.8
North Dakota....... 87.5 89.2 88.8 88.4 70.4 71.3 70.5 70.7
Ohio............... 1,485.0 1,516.9 1,523.9 1,528.1 761.4 773.5 769.8 768.1
Oklahoma........... 382.6 396.1 396.9 400.5 277.6 285.9 283.1 284.2
Oregon............. 404.2 421.0 421.5 424.9 248.9 259.9 261.2 261.1
Pennsylvania....... 1,728.8 1,750.1 1,751.2 1,755.4 712.7 728.3 721.1 725.1
Rhode Island....... 152.3 153.1 153.7 153.3 63.8 63.9 63.6 64.2
South Carolina..... 400.2 421.3 421.7 424.6 290.9 304.5 305.4 305.7
South Dakota....... 92.2 94.5 95.5 95.0 70.1 70.2 69.9 71.1
Tennessee.......... 692.6 699.8 703.6 706.7 383.9 397.4 400.7 399.7
Texas.............. 2,447.2 2,524.7 2,533.1 2,541.9 1,495.8 1,524.6 1,525.9 1,527.2
Utah............... 275.6 281.7 283.6 283.5 174.3 179.5 179.7 180.0
Vermont............ 84.3 85.7 85.3 85.3 45.4 45.5 45.7 45.7
Virginia........... 991.9 1,034.1 1,033.3 1,036.8 598.6 604.5 603.9 603.2
Washington......... 686.6 715.0 719.5 721.0 456.3 460.1 462.4 460.9
West Virginia...... 202.9 206.6 208.7 208.5 140.9 142.6 141.4 141.7
Wisconsin.......... 690.7 704.1 704.1 705.7 387.7 393.1 391.7 393.1
Wyoming............ 48.9 49.4 49.7 50.2 56.9 57.9 57.1 57.6
1 Includes mining, not shown separately.
2 Mining is combined with construction.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Data have been adjusted to
reflect March 1997 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark month are provisional and will be
revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
Table 6. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry division, not seasonally adjusted
(In thousands)
Total(1) Construction Manufacturing
State October November October November October November
1997 1998 1997 1998p 1997 1998 1997 1998p 1997 1998 1997 1998p
Alabama............ 1,880.5 1,895.7 1,887.0 1,902.6 98.8 101.9 97.5 101.6 379.5 372.2 380.3 370.9
Alaska............. 269.5 274.9 262.3 268.0 14.2 14.7 12.4 12.9 13.3 13.1 11.1 10.9
Arizona............ 2,010.5 2,101.0 2,037.6 2,131.9 134.0 142.3 133.1 142.7 210.3 216.7 211.8 216.1
Arkansas........... 1,117.9 1,136.9 1,119.5 1,138.1 49.5 51.4 48.2 50.4 253.4 253.9 253.5 253.8
California......... 13371.2 13753.1 13463.9 13824.8 588.3 641.9 581.9 636.1 1,935.7 1,947.3 1,936.4 1,939.5
Colorado........... 2,002.3 2,065.6 2,015.3 2,075.5 125.0 135.9 119.7 133.0 206.7 207.3 207.5 207.7
Connecticut........ 1,642.1 1,665.0 1,655.6 1,675.9 60.6 62.8 60.0 62.2 277.3 276.7 277.6 276.6
Delaware........... 394.9 406.4 396.8 409.3 23.0 24.0 22.9 24.1 58.5 59.2 58.4 59.4
District of
Columbia........ 615.5 614.0 613.2 614.7 8.9 8.5 8.5 8.4 12.6 12.9 12.7 12.9
Florida............ 6,496.2 6,730.0 6,573.8 6,804.5 340.3 355.4 341.9 356.0 491.6 490.0 494.0 491.2
Georgia............ 3,683.2 3,777.5 3,707.2 3,806.8 174.3 185.1 175.7 185.5 588.7 594.4 591.0 595.0
Hawaii(2).......... 530.0 523.3 535.5 526.9 22.8 20.6 22.6 20.3 16.3 15.9 16.5 15.9
Idaho.............. 519.4 530.0 518.5 529.1 34.3 34.4 33.3 33.5 76.1 76.6 76.1 76.3
Illinois........... 5,859.5 5,935.4 5,882.6 5,943.9 256.1 260.0 250.1 252.1 980.0 978.0 980.9 975.3
Indiana............ 2,902.8 2,920.7 2,913.1 2,921.4 147.6 146.1 145.5 142.8 678.4 681.8 678.8 681.5
Iowa............... 1,430.1 1,459.5 1,434.3 1,462.0 65.0 67.1 63.3 64.7 256.5 260.0 257.2 260.3
Kansas............. 1,290.5 1,320.9 1,296.4 1,328.8 61.5 64.3 60.4 63.0 207.2 212.4 208.4 212.6
Kentucky........... 1,735.6 1,770.7 1,745.2 1,776.8 86.7 90.4 84.6 88.4 316.2 316.2 316.1 315.0
Louisiana.......... 1,873.8 1,895.0 1,878.8 1,901.5 119.7 125.7 117.7 126.0 191.8 190.2 192.2 191.6
Maine.............. 569.5 579.9 569.9 579.5 26.8 28.0 26.3 27.5 88.0 87.0 89.2 87.5
Maryland........... 2,275.7 2,321.7 2,288.7 2,334.1 142.4 142.7 141.7 141.9 173.6 174.7 176.9 174.8
Massachusetts...... 3,176.4 3,244.3 3,194.6 3,255.8 107.6 116.7 107.0 115.5 450.8 447.4 453.4 446.6
Michigan........... 4,516.9 4,609.5 4,521.9 4,615.8 196.1 200.6 190.0 195.3 968.9 977.9 976.8 977.6
Minnesota.......... 2,530.1 2,590.0 2,538.5 2,594.5 104.3 111.3 99.4 106.4 439.5 443.8 439.2 441.6
Mississippi........ 1,121.6 1,133.6 1,122.0 1,132.9 53.3 56.5 51.9 57.0 241.1 240.2 242.7 239.9
Missouri........... 2,674.5 2,712.8 2,677.3 2,715.5 128.7 132.9 126.2 131.0 421.0 420.7 422.2 420.0
Montana............ 374.6 376.6 372.0 374.8 21.0 19.9 19.8 18.9 24.9 24.6 24.7 24.4
Nebraska........... 871.9 888.0 876.2 889.3 41.5 43.0 40.7 41.9 116.7 118.3 117.3 118.0
Nevada............. 905.2 951.5 912.4 956.9 84.8 91.1 84.6 90.6 41.0 43.1 41.2 42.9
New Hampshire...... 578.8 577.2 577.2 574.7 22.5 22.9 21.9 22.6 107.7 104.9 107.7 104.6
New Jersey......... 3,772.6 3,840.3 3,789.9 3,855.0 139.2 144.9 137.1 144.0 486.6 478.9 486.6 477.4
New Mexico......... 715.8 726.6 716.9 727.3 43.2 44.0 42.8 43.2 48.2 45.7 47.6 44.7
New York........... 8,136.7 8,268.5 8,173.5 8,307.8 284.4 300.2 278.0 295.6 927.8 921.8 928.6 919.4
North Carolina..... 3,738.4 1 3,757.7 1 209.1 214.0 209.3 214.6 837.9 822.9 838.1 822.0
North Dakota....... 319.6 322.0 318.8 319.7 16.3 16.6 15.0 14.7 24.3 24.0 23.9 23.8
Ohio............... 5,444.2 5,518.6 5,472.2 5,540.8 240.0 247.9 233.4 241.8 1,088.7 1,091.3 1,094.3 1,091.7
Oklahoma........... 1,408.7 1,448.2 1,411.9 1,453.0 51.1 53.3 51.2 53.1 182.7 186.3 183.1 186.7
Oregon............. 1,557.3 1,592.8 1,557.1 1,599.8 85.8 87.7 83.2 85.1 249.6 245.3 244.9 241.8
Pennsylvania....... 5,478.8 5,532.8 5,497.7 5,550.6 227.4 232.9 224.2 230.6 942.8 932.1 941.3 930.2
Rhode Island....... 459.3 462.6 458.8 464.1 15.4 17.6 15.2 17.6 81.0 79.9 80.6 79.6
South Carolina..... 1,738.7 1,814.2 1,750.5 1,831.5 101.8 112.3 102.1 112.3 362.0 363.3 363.0 363.8
South Dakota....... 357.8 363.4 356.9 363.2 16.3 16.4 15.7 15.8 49.7 50.3 49.6 49.9
Tennessee.......... 2,616.4 2,655.2 2,626.9 2,662.2 120.2 125.5 118.3 124.1 516.5 507.9 518.4 506.9
Texas.............. 8,736.5 8,988.9 8,788.6 9,027.0 466.3 492.5 467.5 493.4 1,090.4 1,098.2 1,093.7 1,097.3
Utah............... 1,010.2 1,036.9 1,022.7 1,044.2 67.6 71.0 66.9 70.4 134.6 135.4 135.0 135.8
Vermont............ 285.1 288.6 282.4 286.3 14.5 14.7 13.8 14.3 47.3 48.6 47.4 48.5
Virginia........... 3,276.5 3,360.0 3,296.9 3,376.0 190.4 201.5 189.9 200.4 406.4 405.8 407.4 405.4
Washington......... 2,556.3 2,637.2 2,565.7 2,644.0 143.1 149.5 139.0 145.5 378.9 378.2 377.3 374.0
West Virginia...... 721.8 731.5 725.1 732.4 38.1 39.4 37.3 37.8 82.7 83.0 83.1 82.8
Wisconsin.......... 2,704.9 2,746.6 2,708.8 2,755.7 117.1 122.4 114.2 121.3 616.2 616.7 614.7 616.3
Wyoming............ 228.7 230.9 222.9 226.2 16.8 17.1 15.9 15.9 11.5 11.6 11.2 11.3
Puerto Rico........ 969.0 938.1 975.8 947.5 56.1 55.3 56.1 56.4 147.6 139.6 148.7 140.0
Transportation and public Trade Finance, insurance, and real
utilities estate
October November October November October November
1997 1998 1997 1998p 1997 1998 1997 1998p 1997 1998 1997 1998p
Alabama............ 91.9 92.1 91.0 91.8 429.9 437.4 435.8 443.8 84.7 87.1 84.6 87.2
Alaska............. 24.5 25.2 23.2 24.1 55.1 56.0 55.0 56.1 12.2 12.5 12.1 12.3
Arizona............ 96.9 101.2 97.0 102.1 481.8 502.9 497.0 514.7 129.4 136.1 130.1 136.3
Arkansas........... 67.3 68.7 67.5 68.9 253.4 256.7 256.4 259.5 44.3 44.1 44.3 44.1
California......... 680.0 688.5 679.7 690.1 3,084.6 3,148.9 3,146.9 3,204.0 762.1 787.7 764.9 788.7
Colorado........... 122.2 126.7 122.8 126.5 482.3 503.6 491.7 511.4 128.2 133.1 129.0 133.2
Connecticut........ 75.8 76.8 76.1 77.0 359.5 362.4 365.6 368.8 131.6 135.7 132.6 135.9
Delaware........... 16.0 16.3 15.8 16.3 85.9 88.7 87.2 89.5 48.2 49.6 48.0 49.7
District of
Columbia........ 17.6 16.7 17.4 16.6 48.9 48.6 49.3 49.2 28.4 28.8 28.3 28.8
Florida............ 329.2 342.4 331.1 344.4 1,652.8 1,698.7 1,695.0 1,743.3 416.7 431.5 419.5 433.5
Georgia............ 236.4 245.7 236.8 245.9 928.6 942.5 945.3 961.8 190.6 197.6 190.9 198.3
Hawaii(2).......... 41.3 40.4 41.5 40.1 133.5 131.0 135.4 132.2 35.8 35.0 35.8 34.8
Idaho.............. 24.4 25.2 24.6 25.4 130.3 132.2 131.3 134.4 25.5 26.8 25.8 26.7
Illinois........... 343.8 346.0 343.7 347.1 1,334.5 1,344.2 1,354.6 1,365.4 401.4 411.9 403.0 412.2
Indiana............ 141.5 143.1 141.8 143.0 686.1 688.1 696.2 695.7 139.2 142.7 139.5 142.9
Iowa............... 66.6 69.6 66.7 69.6 348.7 352.0 352.7 355.5 80.0 82.2 80.3 82.2
Kansas............. 73.0 75.2 72.9 75.4 314.2 323.1 317.2 326.3 60.8 60.8 60.8 60.9
Kentucky........... 99.5 103.3 100.4 103.7 412.7 420.6 422.6 429.8 70.4 71.2 70.5 71.1
Louisiana.......... 112.3 114.6 112.1 114.9 434.5 438.6 440.5 443.5 86.2 86.3 86.4 86.5
Maine.............. 23.8 24.3 23.6 24.1 144.3 146.3 145.3 147.3 28.7 31.0 28.8 31.0
Maryland........... 105.9 106.9 105.7 106.3 537.2 540.3 547.0 548.8 130.6 133.2 130.6 133.2
Massachusetts...... 138.5 138.8 138.4 138.4 723.8 735.1 733.9 742.9 214.0 218.5 214.6 219.5
Michigan........... 175.6 176.8 175.5 176.3 1,057.3 1,079.5 1,061.8 1,089.2 205.5 207.0 205.5 207.0
Minnesota.......... 126.4 128.1 126.8 128.6 606.8 617.4 614.6 625.6 147.6 153.2 148.0 153.6
Mississippi........ 54.2 53.6 54.3 52.9 238.6 239.9 240.9 241.3 40.8 41.7 40.9 41.9
Missouri........... 165.1 166.2 164.2 166.1 630.3 642.3 637.2 648.5 154.8 160.0 154.5 159.9
Montana............ 21.4 21.5 21.7 21.6 99.6 100.3 99.6 100.4 16.6 17.0 16.5 17.0
Nebraska........... 54.3 56.8 54.5 56.9 213.5 217.3 215.6 218.8 55.5 58.1 55.5 58.5
Nevada............. 46.7 48.2 47.0 48.5 181.9 190.2 184.9 193.5 40.9 43.6 41.1 43.9
New Hampshire...... 19.8 19.6 19.6 19.3 150.8 151.3 151.6 151.6 29.5 29.7 29.3 29.8
New Jersey......... 261.3 266.5 261.8 266.5 880.4 898.3 891.7 909.4 240.2 246.3 240.6 246.3
New Mexico......... 33.1 34.0 33.1 34.1 168.2 173.3 170.0 174.7 31.2 31.9 31.2 32.0
New York........... 416.8 418.4 414.8 416.6 1,654.8 1,680.9 1,683.2 1,709.5 721.0 732.8 720.8 733.3
North Carolina..... 171.7 171.4 171.8 172.1 842.0 857.7 856.9 871.3 168.9 179.0 168.4 178.2
North Dakota....... 18.2 18.4 18.2 18.3 81.6 81.6 82.6 82.0 15.0 15.7 15.0 15.9
Ohio............... 236.2 236.4 236.1 236.6 1,314.3 1,322.3 1,336.9 1,343.9 287.5 293.3 288.0 293.8
Oklahoma........... 80.6 83.8 80.7 83.8 324.8 331.9 329.6 336.1 69.8 71.2 70.0 71.4
Oregon............. 75.2 76.3 75.3 76.4 383.1 391.6 388.7 396.8 95.5 97.5 95.9 97.4
Pennsylvania....... 283.4 285.9 282.7 285.4 1,226.3 1,239.4 1,246.1 1,256.7 314.0 321.1 314.5 320.5
Rhode Island....... 15.9 16.0 15.9 16.1 100.4 100.2 100.6 101.1 26.6 28.1 26.6 28.4
South Carolina..... 76.4 79.5 76.8 79.9 417.8 445.8 427.3 450.3 75.1 79.2 74.8 79.4
South Dakota....... 16.3 16.5 16.1 16.5 88.2 89.6 88.7 89.4 21.4 22.9 21.5 23.0
Tennessee.......... 151.7 153.1 151.4 153.1 615.0 625.2 627.2 634.8 122.1 123.0 121.7 123.2
Texas.............. 524.5 550.4 527.8 552.0 2,064.5 2,114.2 2,094.7 2,140.9 469.0 486.0 470.6 486.9
Utah............... 57.3 58.5 57.7 58.6 240.4 244.7 247.0 249.7 53.6 54.2 54.0 54.4
Vermont............ 12.5 12.4 12.3 12.3 65.6 66.3 65.2 66.2 12.3 12.2 12.2 12.3
Virginia........... 171.7 175.5 171.9 175.6 731.7 745.3 746.8 759.2 167.9 173.1 168.2 172.9
Washington......... 135.4 140.7 134.6 140.3 615.5 639.1 622.7 646.5 130.1 136.3 130.3 136.5
West Virginia...... 39.0 39.4 39.3 39.4 164.2 166.2 167.3 168.2 28.4 28.8 28.4 28.9
Wisconsin.......... 124.8 125.8 124.7 125.6 612.5 623.3 620.1 632.1 140.8 145.3 141.2 145.8
Wyoming............ 13.9 13.9 14.0 14.0 52.8 53.2 51.8 52.4 8.2 8.4 8.2 8.5
Puerto Rico........ 26.1 24.0 26.2 24.3 197.0 191.0 201.0 195.8 46.3 45.6 46.1 45.4
Services Government
October November October November
1997 1998 1997 1998p 1997 1998 1997 1998p
Alabama............ 435.4 442.5 435.9 443.8 350.2 352.9 351.9 353.9
Alaska............. 65.4 67.6 64.3 66.6 74.1 74.8 74.2 74.7
Arizona............ 607.5 638.1 614.1 644.6 336.4 350.6 340.3 362.3
Arkansas........... 259.2 266.8 258.0 265.3 187.2 191.7 188.0 192.5
California......... 4,121.8 4,293.1 4,133.7 4,303.7 2,169.2 2,217.6 2,190.9 2,234.7
Colorado........... 600.0 615.0 606.6 617.8 323.6 330.2 323.8 332.1
Connecticut........ 507.4 519.8 509.7 521.6 229.1 230.0 233.2 233.0
Delaware........... 109.5 114.0 109.8 114.8 53.7 54.5 54.6 55.4
District of
Columbia........ 270.1 274.5 268.4 274.2 228.9 223.9 228.5 224.5
Florida............ 2,298.7 2,421.2 2,318.0 2,438.0 960.3 983.8 967.7 991.1
Georgia............ 970.1 1,003.3 970.5 1,010.0 586.4 600.2 588.9 601.5
Hawaii(2).......... 169.4 169.1 170.5 170.1 110.9 111.3 113.2 113.5
Idaho.............. 123.8 125.9 122.5 124.6 102.0 105.8 101.9 105.1
Illinois........... 1,711.6 1,761.7 1,713.5 1,755.1 820.1 822.0 824.9 825.3
Indiana............ 697.9 706.8 700.3 703.2 405.2 405.4 404.2 405.6
Iowa............... 370.6 383.0 370.9 383.0 240.5 243.4 241.0 244.6
Kansas............. 324.3 331.6 324.5 333.9 241.2 245.6 243.9 248.8
Kentucky........... 433.1 447.4 431.5 445.5 294.3 299.5 296.8 301.0
Louisiana.......... 504.9 512.8 504.9 512.6 368.8 373.4 369.4 373.1
Maine.............. 161.7 168.2 158.9 165.3 96.1 95.0 97.7 96.7
Maryland........... 762.4 783.2 761.7 784.3 422.3 439.4 423.8 443.5
Massachusetts...... 1,127.9 1,168.1 1,130.3 1,169.6 412.4 418.2 415.6 421.9
Michigan........... 1,238.5 1,282.3 1,234.1 1,278.6 667.4 677.8 670.5 684.1
Minnesota.......... 711.7 735.3 709.1 732.8 385.6 392.8 393.5 398.0
Mississippi........ 264.4 266.1 262.3 264.8 223.3 229.7 223.2 229.4
Missouri........... 748.0 755.0 744.1 750.7 421.8 430.7 424.1 434.2
Montana............ 105.8 107.0 104.3 105.8 79.7 80.8 79.9 81.3
Nebraska........... 234.8 238.8 234.5 238.7 154.3 154.3 156.8 155.1
Nevada............. 385.8 405.9 388.0 407.8 109.6 115.6 111.1 116.1
New Hampshire...... 167.7 167.1 165.1 164.2 80.3 81.3 81.5 82.2
New Jersey......... 1,190.1 1,230.6 1,191.9 1,231.4 572.8 572.8 578.2 578.0
New Mexico......... 195.8 202.5 195.7 203.0 180.4 180.3 180.8 180.7
New York........... 2,744.3 2,833.6 2,749.5 2,839.6 1,382.8 1,375.8 1,393.9 1,389.2
North Carolina..... 902.8 930.0 901.4 924.9 602.0 616.2 607.8 622.1
North Dakota....... 87.6 89.2 87.7 88.7 72.2 72.4 72.1 72.3
Ohio............... 1,493.3 1,535.3 1,490.2 1,533.4 770.6 779.0 779.7 786.5
Oklahoma........... 385.1 400.3 383.1 401.1 283.3 289.8 282.9 289.7
Oregon............. 409.5 426.6 406.8 427.4 256.7 265.9 260.4 273.1
Pennsylvania....... 1,738.8 1,768.7 1,739.8 1,765.9 725.3 732.6 728.6 741.1
Rhode Island....... 154.6 155.9 154.3 155.3 65.2 64.7 65.4 65.8
South Carolina..... 400.8 423.8 399.3 423.8 302.9 308.4 305.3 320.0
South Dakota....... 92.5 95.3 91.5 94.2 71.2 70.7 71.7 72.7
Tennessee.......... 696.9 710.0 694.4 708.6 389.4 406.0 391.2 407.1
Texas.............. 2,445.3 2,542.1 2,447.5 2,542.3 1,508.7 1,541.0 1,518.9 1,550.4
Utah............... 273.8 283.6 276.2 284.1 174.3 181.3 177.3 183.1
Vermont............ 84.6 85.9 82.8 83.7 47.6 47.9 48.1 48.4
Virginia........... 993.1 1,037.1 990.1 1,034.9 604.2 610.5 611.7 616.5
Washington......... 687.1 723.8 687.1 721.7 462.6 466.1 471.2 476.1
West Virginia...... 203.5 209.3 203.2 208.9 141.5 142.4 142.6 143.4
Wisconsin.......... 695.2 711.1 691.1 706.4 395.7 399.5 400.2 405.7
Wyoming............ 49.0 49.8 45.8 47.0 59.1 59.2 58.9 59.6
Puerto Rico........ 192.0 186.7 192.6 188.0 302.8 294.7 304.0 296.4
1 Includes mining, not shown separately.
2 Mining is combined with construction.
p = preliminary.
NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Data have been adjusted to
reflect March 1997 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Estimates subsequent to the current benchmark month are provisional and will be
revised when new information becomes available.