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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR WOMEN'S BUREAU Bulletin No. 154 READING LIST OF REFERENCES ON HOUSEHOLD EMPLOYMENT https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary WOMEN'S BUREAU MARY ANDERSON, Director + READING LIST OF REFERENCES ON HOUSEHOLD EMPLOYMENT ( OCTOBER 1937) BULLETIN OF THE WoMEN's BuREAU, No. 154 UNITED ST.ATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 19:38 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - - - - - • • • • - Price 10 cents https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis CONTENTS Letter of transmittal_______________________ ___ ________ ______________ Foreword________________________ ______ ____________________________ ___ General discussion, 1927-37_________ __ _____ _______ __________ ___________ Recent studies, J927-37___________ ________________ ________ ____ ________ Special subjects, 1927- 37___________________________ __ ___ ____ ____ ___ ____ Standards--------------- ------ ------------------------------ - - Training and placement______________ _____ ____ _____ ______ __________ Organization________________________________ _________ ____ _______ __ The householder as employer_______________________________ _______ The household employee's viewpoint_________ _______ _________ _______ Legal status_________________________________ _______ ______ __________ Problems of special groups______________________ __________________ ____ Negro household workers___________________ ______ ____ __ _______ ___ Middle-aged workers_________________________________________ _____ Younger workers_____________________ ______ _____ _________ ______ Official publications___________________________ _______________________ United States, Federal and State______________ _____________ ___ __ ___ Other_____ _______ ____ _____________________ ________ ___ ___________ Chronological list of earlier references______________________________ ___ III https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Page v VII 1 4 5 5 5 6 7 8 9 10 10 10 10 11 11 12 13 https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF LABOR, OMEN'S BUREAU, w Washington, October i7, 193?'. MADAM: I have the honor to transmit for publication a report bringing up to date the list of references for reading on the subject of household employment first published two years ago. Greatly increased activity among employees and employers in the search for a workable program for the raising of standards m domestic service is an encouraging condition in this chaotic field of employment. The references assembled here should serve as a guide to the information nebessary to intelligent opinion on the important questions involved. T~e l_ist was l?repare~ by Jean qollier Brown, of the divis~on _of pubhc mformation, assisted by Elizabeth Batson, of the ed1tor1al division. Respectfully submitted. MARY ANDERSON, Director·. Hon. FRANCES PERKINS, Secretary of Labor. V https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FOREWORD In spite of the rapidity with which machines are changing our ways of living, the great majority of women are still at work inside their homes or in the homes of others. Domestic service was one of the earliest ways of earning a living, and it still provides employment to more women in the United States than does any other occupation. About 1½ million women were working in this field at the time of the 1930 census. The large number of women working as household employees must not be taken as an indication of the popularity of this occupation. In general, domestic service has serious disadvantages from the viewpoint of the worker and is looked upon by many women only as a last resort when other types of employment are not available. From occasional reports made over a period of years, it is seen that there are, perhaps, from the point of view of the worker, five major drawbacks to household employment. In the first place, there is the matter of the lohg daily and weekly working hours. In addition, Sunday is frequently the busiest day, with an elaborate noonday meal to prepare. Overtime is rarely paid for. A regular 8-hour workday, such as thousands of factory employees take for granted, seems only a rosy ideal to such a worker. Lack of employment standardization is a second serious disadvantage in domestic service. Household employment is a relation between individual employers and individual employees. Household workers, as a rule, have no union or other organization to protect their mutual interests. There are no definite wage scales based on experience, skill, or amount of work to be required during the course of the day. The employer has at her disposal the additional weapon of em:v:oyees' "references." E ven the most competent household worker is dependent on satisfactory recommendations from her former employers to secure a new job. She cannot be too careful, therefore, not to antagonize her employer through complaints or criticism of any kind, even though in many cases such complaints are justified. The fact that thousands of household workers must live in the homes of their employers and consequently are shut off from family and friends except in brief periods off duty, is another reason why many girls and women prefer factory to household employment. Companionship with members of the employer's family usually is limited. Frequently the employee finds it difficult to entertain her friends, as many householders supply no room other than her bedroom or the kitchen in which the worker may receive guests. Household employment generally is viewed as unskilled work, and persons so engaged are looked down upon socially. Such a stigma attached to any occupation constitutes a serious drawback to a satisfactory work adjustment on the part of the employee. VII https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis VIII Foreword A fifth disadvantage to household employment, from the point of view of the worker, is the exclusion from certain kinds of social insurance and legislative protection afforded other groups of workers. The section of the Federal Social Security Act relating to unemployment insurance exempts household workers from its provisions. In but one State (Washington) are domestic employees protected by hour legislation, and only one State (Wisconsin) has set minimum wage rates for such workers. Only in New Jersey and Connecticut are household employees included like other workers in the provisions for accident compensation, and Connecticut exempts employers of fewer than five workers, naturally the great majority. An urgent need for a vigorous and intelligent program directed toward raising employment standards in domestic service is obvious. It is also evident that more adequate training facilities for household workers will have to be provided if improved standards are to be .maintained. In these respects it is encouraging to note that many employers and workers alike, as individuals and in groups, are actively studying the field of household employment, looking forward to the establishment of standards that will insure just and adequate working conditions and of improved training facilities. To the end of encouraging such study through directing those interested to the best of the available literature in the field, the following reading list of references has been prepared. This list, consisting mainly of references to material appearing in the last 10 years, is not exhaustive or all-inclusive, but it is hoped that it will serve as a guidepost to much that should be of use to persons interested in the complex problems of today's household workers. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of References on Household Employment (October 1937) GENERAL DISCUSSION, 1927-37 BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS Economics of the household: Its administration and finance. New York, Macmillan Company, 1935. Cb. IX, Household employment. Anthony, ,Sylvia. Women's place in indust ry and home. London, George Routledge & Sons, Ltd., 19S2. 243 pp. Clark, Frances I. The position of women in contemporary France. London, P. S. King & Son, Ltd., 1937. Part I, The economic position of women, Sec. 1, Changes in the occupation ·of the wage-earning woman. Digest of findings of the Philadelphia study of household employment. Findings committee of Philadelphia Council on Household Occupations. Philadelphia, 1930. 5 pp. (Mimeographed.) Household employment. By Mrs. P. W. Martin. Occasional Paper No. 9, issued by Social and Industrial Section of the World's Y. W. C. A. Executive Committee. 2, rue Daniel Calladon, Geneva, Switzerland, February 1936. 20 pp. Price, 30 Swiss centimes. Hutchins, Grace. Women who work. New York, International Publishers, 1934. 285 pp. Perkins, Mary Hallowell. The servant problem and the servant in English literature. Boston, Richard G. Badger, 1928. 186 pp. Wells, Dorothy P. and Carol Biba (editors). Fair and clear in the home. A symposium on household employment. The Woman's Press, New York City, 1936. 79 pp. Price, $1.00. Where charity · begins. By Charles S. Johnson. Christian Missions and the Social Leaven. Department of Education and Promotion, Woman's Section, Board of Missions, Methodist Episcopal Church, South, 700 Church St., Nashville, Tenn. September 1937. 8 pp. Price, 5 cents. Andrews, Benjamin R. PERIODICALS Domestic apprenticeship: Different forms of realizing it in the United States. (With editorial comment.) Journal of Home Economics, vol. 27, pp. 6-10 and 37-39, January 1935. - - - Domestic service in the United States. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 20, pp. 7-12, January 1928. - - - The household worker and her job. U. S. Department of Labor, Labor Information Bulletin, vol. 3, pp. 5-6, May 19'36. - -.- The plight of Negro domestic labor. Journal of Negro Education, vol. 5, pp. 66-72, January 1936. Andrews, Benjamin R. Household employment : Its background and prospects. Woman's Press, vol. 25, pp. 424-427, July 19-31. 1 26723 °-37--2 Anderson, Mary. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 2 Reading List of References on Household Employment Auernheimer, Selma. The household employee speaks. Woman's Press, vol. 30, pp. 66--67, February 1936. Batchelder, G. E. Healthy help: Community plan for certifying the health of household employees. Parents Magazine, vol. 10, p. 26, March 1935. Bird, Dorothy Maywood. Help wanted. Independent Woman, vol. 16, p. 173, June 1937. Broun, Heywood. Like one of the family. Nation, vol. 140, p. 631, May 29, 1935. Cline, Doris A. Household employment in Detroit. Occupations, vol. 15, pp. 60-62, October 1936. Conditions of domestic servants in Estonia. Industrial and Labor Information, vol. 61, pp. 244-245, Feb. 22, 1937. Conditions of work of domestic servants in Sweden. International Labor Review, vol. 35, pp. 83-87, January 19'37. Craster, C. V. Medical examination of domestic servants. American Journal of Public Health, vol, 23, pp. 433-436, May 1933. Also in Medical Officer, vol. 50, pp. 131-132, Sept. 23, 1933. Crawley, Helen, and Mabel Lindsay Gillespie. A new deal in home work. Woman's Press, vol. 27, p. 448, October 1933. Domestic service in Canada. Feb. 22, 1937. Industrial and Labor Information, vol. · 61, p. 245, Domestic service in Philadelphia homes. 33-35, July 1932. Do servants need a code? 1934. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 35, pp. Socratic dialogue. Forum, vol. 92, pp. 31-41, July Employment of women and children in domestic service in Ceylon. Labor Review, vol. 32, pp. 808- 816, December 1935. International Mary. Readers Digest, vol. 30, pp. 48-50, January 1937. Can domestic service be standardized? Industrial regulation versus human values in household employment. Journal of American Association of University Women, vol. 30, pp. 90- 92, January 1937. Factory versus kitchen. Commonweal, vol. 13, p. 144, Dec. 10, 1930. Factory versus kitchen. Reply by E. Murray. Commonweal, vol. 13, p. 300, Jan. 14, 1931. Fisher, Mary S. Human relations in household employment. Woman's Press, vol. 29, pp. 130-131, March 1935. Frankel, Ruth L. A new deal for household workers. Forecast, vol. 47, p. 251, June 1934. · Frazer, E. Servant problem. Saturday Evening Post, vol. 200, pp. 10-11, Feb. 25, 1928. General workers. Survey, vol. 70, p. 128, April 1934. Household employment. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 23, pp. 649-653, July 1931. Immigration restriction and the "scarcity" of domestic servants. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 25, pp 1- 6, July 1927. Jaffe, Margaret Davis. Kitchen etchings. Catholic World, vol. 137, pp. 291-297, June 1933. Johnson, B. Eleanor. A study of household employment in Chicago. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 25, pp. 115-121, February 1933. Kyrk, Hazel. A fine art-an undesired job. Life and Labor Bulletin (National Women's Trade Union League of Amei;ica), vol. 9, pp. 1-2, December ;t.931. - - - The household worker. American Federationist, vol. 39, pp. 33--39, January 1932. England, E. Everett, Mary. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of References on Household Employment 3 Maid service on a palm-fringed island. Asia, vol. 28, pp. 634637, August 1928. Magnus, Erna. The social, economic, and legal conditions of domestic servants. International Labor Review, vol. 30, pp. 190-207 and 336-364, August and September 1934. Maids and mistress in the home come to working agreement. Woman's Press, vol. 25, pp. 167-193, March 1931. Note on the servant problem. Fortune, vol. 6, p. 49, December 1932. Organization of domestic service in Norway. Industrial and Labor Information, vol. 61, p. 308, March 8, 1937. Organized home-making interests in Germany. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 26, pp. 427-429, August 1934. Out of the kitchen. Survey, vol. 70, p. 290, September 1934. Portrait of a maid. Atlantic Monthly, vol. 153, pp. 637-639, May 1934. Promotion of domestic service in Germany. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 41, pp. 362---363, August 1935. Reynolds, A. J. Solving Africa's servant problem. Travel, vol. 48, pp. 34-38, February 1927. Richardson, A. S. Helpless without servants; contrasts between homemakers in America and England. Woman's Home Companion, vol. 65, p. 4, October 1936. Robinson, Selma. At your service; personal services rendered on a business basis. Readers Digest, vol. 30, pp. 101-103, March 1937, and pp. 87-89, April Macpherson, A. 1937. - - - Maid in America ; new household training schools. Readers Digest, vol. 29, pp. 23-26, September 1936. Roosevelt, Eleanor (Mrs. F. D.) Servants. Forum, vol. 83, pp. 24-28, January 1930. - - - Woman's work is never done. Woman's Home Companion, vol. 62, p. 4, April 1933. Sapin, Ruth. For better or worse, servants influence children. Parents Magazine, vol. 4, p. 20, January 1929. Sevringhaus, Grace. Madison tnodernizes the home. Woman's Press, vol. 29 , pp. 322---323, July-August 1935. Shall servants be unionized? Literary Digest, vol. 107, p. 15, Dec. 13, 1930. Simpson, Rose. Our modern Marthas. Millgate, vol. 25, pt. II, p. 604, July 1930. Smith, Ethel M. America's domestic servant shortage. Current History, vol. 26, pp. 213-218, May 1927. Strain, F. B. Learning to live with other people. Parents Magazine, vol. 11, p. 86, November 1936. Taliaferro, Maybelle Cornell. Philadelphia Council on Household Occupations: History and activities. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 25, pp. 122-124, February 1933. Taylor, P. Training young housekeepers; experiment inaugurated by group of young women in Cambridge, Mass. Parents Magazine, vol. 11, p. 16, October 1936. Training unemployed girls for domestic service. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 43, pp. 381--382, August 1936. Underdahl, Berdena. A club for household employees. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 21, pp. 108--109, February 1929. Unionizing the hired girl. Literary Digest, vol. 109, p. 23, May 9, 1931. Wages and working conditions of maid servants in Tokyo. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 32, pp. 1427-1428, June 1931. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 4 Reading List of References on Household Emplo;11ment Wages, hours, and working conditions of domestic employees in Connecticut. Monthly Labor R eview, vol. 43, pp. 1508-1513, December 1936. Wages of servants in France in 1935. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 41, pp. 16081609, December 1935. Walshe, E. Mrs. Pepys as housekeeper: Servant problems of the seventeenth century. Bookman (London), vol. 80, p. 157, June 1931. Wardel, Sara J. Who'll wash the dishes? Outlook, vol. 151, p. 168, Jan. 30, 1929. Watson, Amey E. The home-making industry: Philadelphia makes a cooper• ative study of relationships between the employer and the employees in the home. Woman's Press, vol. 22, pp. 473-475, July 1928. - - - The reorganization of household work. Annals of American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 160, pp. 165-177, March 19'32. Welch, Jessie L. Help wanted. Survey, vol. 57, pp. 520-522, Jan. 15, 1927. Wells, Dorothy P. Raising standards of household employment. U. S. Department of Labor, Employment Service News, vol. 2, pp. 10-12, August 1005. - - - Y. W. C. A. and household employment. Journal of Home Economics, vol. Zl, pp. 571-573, November 1935. Wilder, Elizabeth. Friends in the house. Atlantic Monthly, vol. 152, pp. 539546, November 1933. Woodward, Ellen S. Household employment and the W. P. A. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 28, pp. 439'-442, September 1936. - - - W. P. A. household workers' training and the United States Employment Service. U. S. Department of Labor, Employment Service News, vol. 3, pp. 11-14, October 1936. (Reprints free from U. S. Women's Bureau.) Working conditions of domestic servants in Sweden. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 44, pp. 607-609, March 198-7. RECENT STUDIES, 1927-37 Chicago. Household employment in Chicago. By B. Eleanor Johnson. Women's Bureau Bul. 106. Washington, 19'33. 62 pp. - - - The wages of domestic labor in Chicago, 1890-19'29. By Alice C. Hanson and Paul H. Douglas. Journal of American Statistical Association, vol. 25, pp. 47-50, March 1930. Detroit. A study of the development of minimum standards for the household employee in Detroit. By Doris A. Cline. University of Michigan, thesis, 1932. 78 pp. Hartford, Waterbury, and Litchfield, Conn. Household employment in Hartford, Waterbury, and Litchfield, Conn. Published by the Connecticut Department of Labor in cooperation with the Y. W. C. A. of Hartford. Hartford, Conn., May 19'36. 54 pp. (Mimeographed.) Free. Los Angeles. A study of household employment in agencies having membership in the council. Conducted by Bureau of Vocational Ser vice for Council of Social Agencies, committee on employment and counseling. 1933. 14 pp. (Typed.) Lynchburg, Va. Household employment. Lynchburg study. 193$-37. By Gladys Boone, associate professor of economics, Sweet Briar College, Va. Y. W. C. A., Lynchburg, Va. 8 pp. Price, 10 cents. Ohio. Average wage and salary payments in the "service" industries in Ohio, 1916 to 1932. By Fred C. Croxton and Frederick E. Croxton. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 39, pp. 970-977, October 19'34. See p. 971 and tables 4, 6, 0. and 11. - - - Average annual earnings in construction, "service" industries, trade, and transportation and public utilities in Ohio, W2'9 to 1933. By Fred C. Croxton and Frank C. Croxton. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 41, pp. 10131036, October 1935. Seep. 1013 and tables 13, 14, 15, and 17. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading Dist of References on Household Employment 5 Household employment in Philadelphia. By Amey E. Watson. Women's Bureau Bul. 93. Washington, 1932. 88 pp. Seattle. Household employment in Seattle. By Advisory Committee on Social Security for Board of County Commissioners of King County; Wash. September 1937. 81 pp. (Mimeographed.) St. Louis Community Council. Girls' Work Council. Study of household employment in St. Louis. 1935. (Mimeographed.) Price, 10 cents. Correll, Marie. Standards of placement agencies for household employees. Women's Bureau Bul. 112. Washington, 1934. 68 pp. Henderson, Yandell, and Maurice R. Davie (editors). Incomes and living costs of a university faculty. New Haven, Yale University Press, 1928. 170 pp. Domestic service, pp. 47-49. Lynd, Robert S., and Helen Merrell Lynd. Middletown: A study in contemporary American culture. New York, Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1929. 550 pp. See pp. 169-172. Stocks, Esther H. A community home assistant's experiment. An experimental demonstration of the Institute for Coordination of Women's Interests. Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Publication no. 5, 1928. 30 pp. Philadelphia. SPECIAL SUBJECTS, 1927-37 STANDARDS Brooklyn, N. Y. Houseworker's code. Brooklyn Catholic Big Sisters, Inc., 257 Livingston St., Brooklyn, New York, 1933. 8 pp. (Mimeographed.) Buffalo, N. Y. A report of a joint experiment in training of girls for household employment made by the division of junior placement of the State Department of Labor and the Industrial Department of the Y. W. C. A. June 1933. 28 pp. (Mimeographed.) Detroit, Mich. A study of the development of minimum standards for the household employee in Detroit. By Doris A. Cline. University of Michigan, thesis, 1932. 78 pp. Findings of household employee's groups, Bryn Mawr Summer School, 1937. Bryn Mawr Summer School, 302 E. 35th St., New York City. National Committee on Employer-Employee Relationships in the Home. Summary of Second Conference, New York City, Apr. 13, 14, 1931. Suggested minimum standards for the full-time general houseworker, pp. 11-12. Raising standards of household employment. By Dorothy P. Wells. U. S. Department of Labor, Employment Service News, vol. 2, pp. 10-12, August 1935. Standards for women as household employers (Women's Bureau investigation). Journal of Home Economics, vol. 24, pp. 35o-351, April 1932. By Marie Correll. Women's Bureau Bul. 112. Washington, 1934. 68 pp. Standards of placement agencies for household employees. TRAINING AND PLACEMENT A report of a joint experiment in training of girls for household employment made by the division of junior placement of the State Departmen t of Labor and the Industrial Department of the Y. W. C. A. June 1933. 28 pp. (Mimeographed.) - .- - Housework and the younger girl. New York Department of 'Labor, division of junior placement. Albany, 1933. 17 pp. (Typed.) Madison, Wis. Madison modernizes the home. By Grace Sevringhaus. Woman's Press, vol. 29, pp. 322-323, July-August 1935. Milwaukee, Wis. Adult training in domestic service (Milwaukee Vocational School). By Hattie E. Anderson. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 25, pp. 124-126, February 1933. National Youth Administration. Illinois. Occupational information: Research report on domestic occupations. Chicago, May 1936. 39 pp. (Mimeographed.) Free. Buffalo, N. Y. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 6 Reading List of References on Household Employment Experiments in resident home training for girls, conducted by the Girls Service League of America in cooperation with the New York State Education Department. Greta-Theo House, Roslyn, L. I. Stella A. Miner, director. 138 E. 19th St., New York, February 1935. Philadelphia, Pa. Household employment in Philadelphia. By Amey E. Watson. Women's Bureau Bul. 93. Washington, 1932. 88 pp. Analysis and classification of home-making activities, p. 24. Puerto Rico. Vocational course for household employees. Insular Board for Vocational Education. San Juan, P. R., 1934. 19 pp. (Mimeographed.) Rochester, N. Y. Public Employment Center. The emergence of a new public employment service. 1935. 345 pp. B. Promotion of community action in service occupations, pp. 205-208; and C. Placement follow-up of wcmen, pp. 273-282, by Mabel E. Crafts. Salem, Oreg. Training for domestic service. Vocational Oregonian, vol. 12, p. 3, June 1931. Burdick, Anna Lalor. Vocational training for household .employment. Departpartment of Interior, Office of Education, Washington, 1935. 11 pp. (Mimeographed.) Burdick, Anna Lalor, and Rua Van Horn. An educational program for household employment. Department of Interior, Office of Education, Washington, 1935. 56 pp. (Mimeographed.) Columbia University. Teachers College. Home making as a center for research: Report of the Teachers College conferences on home making. :New York, 1927. 122 pp. Livingstone, Helen. Training courses for household service occupations in the American home. 410 West 24th St., New York City, 1935. National Committee on Prisons and Prison Labor. Industries for correctional institutions for women. New York, 1927. 144 pp. A report of a committee on a plan for teaching the minimum skills in household care, cooking, and care of clothing, pp. 54--66. Robinson, Selma. Maid in America; new household training schools. Readers Digest, vol. 29, pp. 23-26, September 1936. Stocks, Esther H. A community home assistants' experiment: An experimental demonstration of the Institute for Coordination of Women's Interests. Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Publication No. 5, 1928. 30 pp. Taylor, P. Training young housekeepers; experiment inaugurated by group of young women in Cambridge, Mass. P a rents Magazine, vol. 11, p. 16, October 1936. Training for household employment. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 27, pp. 230-232, April 1935. Training of unemployed women and girls for domestic employment. Social Service Review (London), vol. 15, pp. 91-99, June 1934. Woodward, Ellen S. Household employment and the W. P. A. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 28, pp. 439-442, September 1936. New York. ORGANIZATION The household employee speaks. Woman's Press, vol. 80, pp. 66-6,7, February 1936. Findings of household employee's group, Bryn Mawr Summer School, 1937. Bryn Mawr Summer School, 302 E. 35th St., New York City. ,Great Britain, Labor Party. Reports on equal pay for equal work and first steps towards a domestic workers' charter. Report of standing committee of industrial women's organizations to the national conference of labor women, London, June 3-5, 1930. London, 1930. 24 pp. - - - - What's wrong with domestic service? ( Questionnaire to be used in drawing up charter.) London, 1930. Auernheimer, Selma. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of Refe1·ences on Household Employment 7 Great Britain. Labor Party. Reports on hospitals and the patient and a domestic workers' charter. R eport of standing committee of industrial women's organizations to the national conference of labor women, Blackpool, June 2----4, 1931. London, 1931. 22 pp. Kyrk, Hazel. A fine art-an undesired job. Life and Labor Bulletin (National Women's Trade Union League of America), vol. 9, pp. 1-2, December 1931. Magnus, Erna. The social, economic, and legal conditions of domestic servants. International Labor Review, vol. 30, pp. 100-207 and 336-364, August and September 1934. Organization of domestic service in Norway. Industrial and Labor Information, vol. 61, p. 308, March 8, 1937. Shall servants be unionized? Literary Digest, vol. 107, p. 15, Dec. 13, 1930. Sillanpaa, Miina. Domestic workers in Finland. Life and Labor Bulletin (National Women's Trade Union League of America), vol. 9, p. 3, December 1931. The need of organization among household employees. The Workers' Council Bulletin No. 16. Prepared for the Negro Workers' Councils by National Urban League, Workers' Bureau, 1133 Broadway, New York City, May 1937. 7 pp. (Mimeographed.) Unionizing the hired girl. Literary Digest, vol. 109, p. 23, May 9, 1931. Young Women's Christian Association. National Board. Leadership Division. Tentative brief on the problems of household employment in relation to trade union organization. 600 Lexington Ave., New York, N. Y. October 1937. 16 pp. (Mimeographed.) THE HOUSEHOLDER AS EMPLOYER BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS Balderston, Lydia Ray. Housewifery. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott- Co., Rev. ed. 1928. 355 pp. . Ch. I, Housewifery as a business : Schedules with employed help ; hour service, pp. 16-20. Lutes, Della Thompson. Table setting and service for mistress and maid. Boston, M. Barrows & Co., Rev. ed. 1934. 155 pp. Nystrom, Paul H. Economic principles of consumption. New York, Ronald Press Co., 1931. 586 pp. Ch. XVI, Home furnishings and home operation: laundry and domestic help, pp. 396-400. Peixotto, Jessica B. Getting and spending at the professional standard of living. New York, Macmillan Company, 1927. 307 pp. Service, pp. 175-179, 267, 279. Reid, Margaret G. Economics of household production. New York, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1934. 408 pp. Ch. XVI, Paid labor in the home, pp. 257-272. Smith, Elliott Dunlap. Psychology for executives: A study of human nature in industry. New York, Harper & Bros., 1928. 262 pp. (Primarily for the business executive but also extremely h elpful for the woman who believes she has a job as an executive in managing her own home.) St. Louis Community Council. Girls' Work Council. Study of household employment in St. Louis. 1935. (Mimeographed.) Price, 10 cents. The housewife studies the code. By Mrs. A. E. Havelock. Economics Committee of the National Cpuncil of the Y. W. C. A. 143 College St., Toronto, Canada. September 1936. 8 pp. PERIODICALS All in the family: A good way for women to reform industry is to start with the industry of home making. Woman's Press, vol. 22, pp. 82--85, February 1928. Applegarth, Margaret. Is the lady of the house at home? Woman's Press, vol. 27, p. 472, November 1933. Blinks, Ruetta Day. W'hat to expect of a general maid. American Home, vol. 8, p. 182, August-September 1932. · https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 8 Reading List of References on H ouselwld Employment Domestic servant problem: Training the mistress. Manchester Guardian, Dec. 11, 1929, p. 13. Employer-employee relationships in the home. Good Housekeeping, vol. 88, p. 104, February 1929. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 21, pp. 120-122, February 1929. Everett, Mary. Can domestic service be standardized? Industrial regulation versus human values in household employment. J·ournal of American Association of University Women, vol. 30, pp. 90-92, J anuary 1937. Fisher, Mary S. Human relations in household employment. Woman's Press, vol. 29, pp. 130-131, March 1935. Johnson, Ava L. The housemaid's boss. Home Economics News, vol. 3, pp. 91-92, May 1932. Education for the housemaid's boss. Home _Economics News, vol. 3, pp. 113-114, June 1932. Kneeland, Hildegarde. Reducing the demands of housekeeping. Child Welfare Magazine, vol. 21, pp. 3S0-382 and 438-439, April and May 1927. Maid and mistress: Two letters on the subject of domestic work and workers. Woman's Press, vol. 22, p. 414, June 1928. Richardson, Anna E. The woman administrator in the modern home. Annals of American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 143, pp. 21-32, May 1929. Roosevelt, Eleanor (Mrs. F. D.) Setting our house in order. Woman's Home Companion, vol. 60, p. 6, October 19'33. Strain, F. B. Learning to live with other people. Parents Magazine, vol. 11, p. 86, November 19-36. Watson, Amey E . Employer-employee relationships in the home. Annals of American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 143-, pp. 49-60, May 1929. - - - The lady of the house is at home. Woman's Press, vol. 28, pp. 22-23, January 19-34. Employer-employee relationships in the home. THE HOUSEHOLD EMPLOYEE'S VIEWPOINT Amidon, Beulah. Help wanted, female. New Republic, vol. 59, pp. 121-122, June 19, 1929. The household employee speaks. Woman's Press, vol. 30, pp. 66-67, February 1936. Bromley, Dorothy Dunbar. Are servants people? Scribners Magazine, vol. 94, pp. 377-379, December 1933. Broun, Heywood. Like one of the family. Nation, vol. 140, p. 631, May 29, 1935. Domestic labor vs. factory work. By a domestic worker. American Federationist, vol. 40, pp. 1215-1216, November 1933. Findings of household employee's group, Bryn Mawr Summer School, 1937. Bryn Mawr Summer School, 302 E. 35th St., New York City. Harrington, M. I'd rather work for their husba nds. American Magazine, vol. 115, p. 35, January 1933. Ingram, Martha. Budgeting your time : How one domestic worker achieves a well-ordered eight-hour day. Woman's Press, vol. 22, p. 560, August 19-28. Auernheimer, Selma. Maid and mistress: Two letters on the subject of domestic work and workers. Woman's Press, vol. 22, p. 414, June 1928. Why workers object to household employment. U. S. Department of Labor, Labor Information Bulletin, vol. 4, pp. 12-13, October 1937. Robinson, Mary V. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of Referenoes on Household Employment 9 Study of household employment in St. Louis. 1935. (Mimeographed.) Price, 10 cents. Thomas, Beulah. Housemaid's problems. American Federationist, vol. 41, pp. 1352-1353, December 19'34. St. Louis Community Council. Girls' Work Council. LEGAL STATUS Austrian domestic .service law. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 10, pp. 191-193, June 1920. Healthy help: Community plan for certifying the health of household employees. Parents Magazine, vol. 10, p. 26, March 1935. Bill to disqualify household servants as witnesses. United States Law Review, vol. 69, pp. 15-17, Jan. 19, 1935. Craster, C. V. Medical examination of domestic servants. American Journal of Public Health, vol. 23, pp. 433-436, May 1933. Also in Medical Officer, vol. 50, pp. 131-132, Sept. 23, 1933. Domestic servants and the insurance acts: A guide for mistress and servants. By J. Henry Lloyd. London, Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons, Ltd., 1914. 30 pp. Historical basis for unemployment insurance. A report prepared for the Employment Stabilization Research Institute, University of Minnesota, by Industrial Relations Counselors, Inc., of New York. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1934. 306 pp. See Coverage, pp. 79-87, 178-179, and 198-275. See also Index. International Labor Office, Geneva, Legislative Series. (Copies of individual laws and statutes can be secured at nominal prices from the World Peace Founda. tion, 40 Mount Vernon St., Boston, Mass., or 8 West 40th St., New York, N. Y.) Austria-Act respecting domestic servants' contracts. Dated 26th February 1920, 8 pp. Legislative series 1920, Austria 18. Amendment to Act of 1920, dated 26th March 1926. Legislative series 1926, Austria 2. Austria-Federal act respecting old age pensions for aged domestic servants who are out of employment. Dated 17th December 1927. 2 pp. Legislative series 1927, Austria 5. Brazil- Decree No. 16107, confirming the regulations for the employment of domestic workers. Dated 30th July 1923. 8 pp. Legislative series 1923, Brazil 1. France--Act extending industrial accident legislation to domestic servants and other persons employed for a wage or salary in the household of the employer on indoor or outdoor work, and to caretaker. Dated 2nd August 1923. Legislative series 1923, France 1. Iceland-Domestic servants act. Dated 7th May 1928. 7 pp. Legislative series 19-28, Iceland 1. R ussia-A. Order of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and Council of People's Commissaries of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic respecting the conditions of employment of persons employed for remuneration who perform work in the personal service of the employer and his family in the employer's house ( domestic workers). Dated 8th February 1926. B. Order No. 178/ 1310 of the People's Labor Commissariat of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic respecting the settlement of labor dispute arising in connection with the employment of hired labor in the personal service of the employer and his family. Dated 16th August 1926. 7 pp. Legislative series 1926, Russia 10. Legislation for the German servant girl. Living Age, vol. 335, p. 6, September 1928. Magnus, Erna. The social, economic, and legal conditions of domestic servants. International Labor Review, vol. 30, pp. 190-207 and 336-364, August and September 1934. Batchelder, G. E. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 10 Reading List of References on Household Employment Promotion of domestic service in Germany. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 41, pp. 362- 363, August 1935. Reduction of social insurance contributions for domestic servants in Germany. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 37, pp. 561- 562, September 1933. Women's Bureau Bul. 112, Washington, 1934. 68 pp. Legal regulations applying to adult household employees, pp. 54-55. Thomas, B. Housemaid's problems. American Federationist, vol. 41, pp. 13521353, December 1934. Tokyo servant tax payable in October. Trans-Pacific, vol. 22, p. 16, Sept. 20, 1934. Standards of placement agencies for household employees. Unemployment insurance in Great Britain: T h e national system and additional benefit plans. By Mary Barnett Gilson. New York, Industrial Relations Counselors, Inc., 1931. 560 pp. See Index for references. PROBLEMS OF SPECIAL GROUPS NEGRO HOUSEHOLD WORKERS The servant question. Hampton, Va., Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, 1912. 15 pp. Crossland, William August. Industrial conditions among Negroes in St. Louis. Washington University, Studies in Social Economics, vol. 1, no. 1. St. Louis, 1914. 123 pp. Ch. IV, The Negro wage earner: The women's group, pp. 94-97. Eaton, Isabel. Special report on Negro domestic service in the seventh ward, pp. 427-520 of "The Philadelphia Negro" by W. B. B. DuBois. Publications of the University of Pennsylvania, Series in Poli'tical Economy and Public Law, No. 14. Philadelphia, 1899. 520 pp. Haynes, Elizabeth Ross. Negroes in domestic service in the United States. Journal of Negro History, 1923, vol. 8, pp. 384-442. Haynes, George Edmund. The Negro at work in New York City. Cqlumbia University, Studies in History, E conomics, and Public Law, vol. 49, .no. 3. New York, 1912. 158 pp. Part I, The Negro as a wage earner, pp. 13- 89. National Association of Wage Earners, Inc. 115 Rhode Island Ave., Washington, D. C. Leaflets. 1921- 24. Richmond Council of Social Agencies. Negro Welfare Survey Committee. The Negro in Richmond, Va. Richmond, 1929. 136 p. St. Louis Community Council. Girls' Work Council. Study of household employment in St. Louis. 1935. (Mimeographed.) Price, 10 cents. Thayer, Alonzo C. The Negro worker. Woman's Press, vol. 27, pp. 532--533. December 1933. The need of organization among household employees. The Workers' Council Bulletin No. 16. Prepared for the Negro Workers' Councils by National Urban League, Workers' Bureau, 1133 Broadway, New York City, May 1937. 7 pp. (Mimeographed.) Church, Virginia. MIDDLE-AGED WORKERS Amidon, Beulah. June 19, 1929. Help wanted, female. New Republic, vol. 59, pp. 121-122, St. Louis Community Council. Girls' Work Council. Study of household employment in St. Louis. 1935. (Mimeographed.) Price, 10 cents. YOUNGER WORKERS Who will mind the baby? Child training as a vocation for girls. Woman's Home Companion, vol. 57, p. 69, March 1930. Cades, H. R. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of References on H ousehola Employment 11 The codes and the child labor amendment. Journal of American Association of University Women, vol. 27, pp. 78-80, January 1935. Housework and the younger girl. (Buffalo, N. Y.) New York Department of Labor, division of placement. Albany, 19i33. 17 pp. (Typed.) McCormick, A. Exit the cook: School girl apprentices. Good Housekeeping, vol. 92, p. 100, April 19'31. Report of a joint experiment in training of girls for household employment. Made by the division of junior placement of the State Department of Labor and the Industrial Department of the Y. W. C. A., Buffalo, N. Y. June 1933. 28 pp. (Mimeographed.) Standards of placement agencies for household employees. Women's Bureau Bul. 112, Washington, 1934. 68 pp. Part IV, Requirements for workers 21 years of age or under, pp. 18-33; and Appendix C, Standards of the Los Angeles Council of Social Agencies, pp. 64-68. St. Louis Community Council. Girls' Work Council. Study of household employment in St. Louis. 1935. (Mimeographed.) Price, 10 cents. Dinwiddie, Courtenay. OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS UNITED STATES, FEDERAL AND STATE Bureau of the Census. Census of occupations: 1870 to 1930. Washington. - - - - - - Special report. Statistics of women at work: Based on unpublished information del'ived from the schedules of the 12th census: 1900. Washington, 1907. Servants and waitresses, pp. 40--56. - - - - - - Special report. The woman home maker. in the city : A study of statistics relating to married women in the city of Rochester. By Bertha M. Nienburg. Washington, 1923. 49 pp. - - - - - - Monograph IX. Women in gainful occupations, 1870 to 1920. By Joseph A. Hill. Washington, 1929. 416 pp. - - - Department of Interior. Office of Education. German plans for a year's voluntary household work. Washington, 1934. 2 pp. (Mimeographed.) - - - - - - - - - Vocational training for household employment. By Anna L alor Burdick. Washington, 1935. 11 pp. (Mimeographed.) - - - - - - - - - An educational program for household employment. By Anna Lalor Burdick and Rua Van Horn. Washington, 1935. 56 pp. (Mimeographed.) - - - Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 39, pp. 970-977, October 1934. Average wage and salary payments in the "service" industries in Ohio, 1916 to 1932. By Fred C. Croxton and Frederick E. Croxton. See p. 971 and tables 4, 6, 9, and 11. - - - - - - - - - Monthly Labor Review, vol. 41, pp. 1013-1036, October 1935. Average annual earnings in construction, "service" industries, trade, and transportation and public utilities in Ohio, 1929 to 1933. By Fred C. Croxton and Frank C. Croxton. Seep. 1013 and tables 13, 14, 15, and 17. - - - - - - Women's Bureau. The occupational progress of women: An interpretation of census statistics of women in gainful occupations. By Mary V. Dempsey. Bul. 27. Washington, 1922. 37 pp. - - - - - - - - - Domestic workers and their employment relations: A study based on the records of the Domestic Efficiency Association of Baltimore, Md. By Mary V. Robinson. Bul. 39. Washington, 1924. 87 pp. - - - - - - - - - Household employment in Philadelphia. By Amey E. Watson. Bul. 93. Washington, 1932. 88 pp. - - - - - - - - - The occupational progress of women, 1910 to 1930. Bs Ma ry V. Dempsey. Bul. 104. Washington, 1933. 90 pp. United States. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of References on Household Employment 12 Department of Labor. Women's Bureau. Household employment in Chicago. By B. Eleanor Johnson. Bul. 106. Washington, 1933. 62 pp. - - - - - - - - - Standards of placement agencies for household employees. By Marie Correll. Bul. 112. Washington, 1934. 68 pp. - - - - - - Injuries to women in personal service occupations in Ohio. By Margaret T. Mettert. Bul. 151. Washington, 1937. 23 pp. Industrial Commission. Volume XIV. Report on the relations and conditions of capital and labor. Washington, 1901. 809 pp. Includes a special report on "Domestic service" by Gail Laughlin, pp. 739-767. Puerto Rico. Insular Board for Vocational Education. Vocational course for household employees. San Juan, P. R., 1934. 19 pp. (Mimeographed.) California. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Third biennial report, 1887-88. Pt. II, ch. v, Domestics-why girls will not become servants, pp. 91-94. Colorado. Bureau of Labor Statistics. First biennial report, 1887-88. Pt. VII, Sec. VIII, Domestic service, pp. 344-362. United States. Indiana. Department of Statistics. Fifth biennal report, 1893-94. Domestic labor, pp. 173-229. Twenty-fourth annual report, The household servant problem in Maine, pp. 311-393. Massachusetts. Bureau of Statistics of Labor. Labor bulletin No. 8, October 1898. Hours of labor in domestic service, pp. 1-27; The objections to domestic service, pp. 21-29. - - - - - - Labor bulletin No. 13, February 1900. Social conditions in domestic service, pp. 1-17. Labor bulletin No. 15, August 1900. Household expenses, J>P· 89-98. - - - - - - Labor bulletin No. 18, May 1901. Social statistics of working women, pp. 2,9L.49. - - - - - - Labor bulletin No. 19, August 1901. The relative cost of homecooked and purchased food, pp. 67-98. - - - - - - Thirty-seventh annual report, 1906. Pt. II, Trained and supplemental employees for domestic service, pp. 87-124. Minnesota. Bureau of L~bor Statistics. First biennial report, 1887-88. Ch. II, Wageworking women, pp. 131-196. New York. Department of Labor. Division of Junior Placement. Housework and the younger girl. Albany, 1933. 17 pp. (Typed.) Maine. Bureau of Industrial and Labor Statistics. 1910. OTHER Great Britain. Central Committee on Women's Training and Employment. Second interim report, for period ending 31st December 1922. London, 1923. 42 pp. - - - Labor Department. Board of Trade. Money wages of indoor domestic servants. By Miss Collet. London, 1899. 50 pp. - - - Labor Party. Reports on equal pay for equal work and first steps towards a domestic workers' charter. Report of standing committee of industrial women's organizations to the national conference of labor women, London, June 3-5, 1930. London, 1930. 24 pp. - - - - - - What's wrong with domestic service? ( Questionnaire to be used in drawing up charter.) London, 1930. - - - - - - Reports on hospitals and the patient and a domestic workers' charter. Report of standing committee of industrial women's organizations to the national conference of labor women, Blackpool, June 2-4, 1931. Lond-On, 1931. 22 pp. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of References on Household Employment 13 Ministry of Labor. Report of the committee to inquire into the present conditions as to the supply of female domestic servants. London, 1923. 53 pp. Ministry of Reconstruction. Reconstruction problems 22: Domestic service. London, 1919. 16 pp. - - - - - - Report of women's advisory committee on the domestic service problem. London, 1919. 36 pp. Canada. Department of Immigration and Colonization. The houseworker in Canada. Ottawa, Canada, 1928. 25 pp. Great Britain. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF EARLIER REFERENCES BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS 1825. Adams, Samuel, and Sarah Adams. Knight & Lacy. 430 pp. The complete servant. 1835. My station and its duties: A narrative for girls going to service. R. B. Seeley and W. Burnside. 216 pp. London, London, 1842. Beecher, Catherine E. A treatise on domestic economy. Boston, Thomas Webb & Co. Rev. ed. 383 p. Ch. XVIII, On the care of domestics, pp. 204-213. Letters to persons who are engaged in domestic New York, Leavitt and Trow. 235 pp. 1863. Penny, Virginia. The employments of women. Boston, Walker, Wise & Co. 500 pp. Mistresses and domestics, pp. 423-433. 1866. Gaston, Mrs. A. F. Our maidservants. London, S. W. Partridge. 68 pp. 1867[?]. Beeton, Mrs. Isabella. How to manage house and servants. London, Ward Lock & Tyler. 120 pp. 1869. Beecher, Catharine E., and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The American woman's home, or principles of domestic science. New York, J. B. Ford & Co. 500 pp. Ch. XXV, The care of servants, pp. 307-334. 1873. Chamberlain, Charles. The servant girl of the period, the greatest plague of life. New York, J. S. Redfield. 215 pp. 1877+.Women's Educational and Industrial Union, Boston. (Organized 1877, incorporated 1880.) Annual reports. 1881. Spofford, Harriet Prescott. The servant-girl question. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 181 pp. 1884. Peirce, Melusina Fay. Cooperative housekeeping. Boston, James R. Osgood & Co. 189 pp. 1888. Herrick, Christine Terhune. Housekeeping made easy. New York, Harper & Bros. 316 pp. Engaging a maid, pp. 39-48. 1888. Nicholas, Griffith A. The Biddy Club. Chicago, A. C. McClurg & Co. 308 pp. 1889. Ambauen, Rev. Andrew. Suggestions to girls at service. Dodgeville, Wis., J. F. Streeter. 39 pp. . 1893. Campbell, Helen. Women wage earners: Their past, their present, and their future. Boston, Roberts Bros. 313 pp. See pp. 237-248. 1894. Earle, Alice Morse. Customs and fashions in old New England. New York, Charles Scribner's Sons. 387 pp. Oh. III, Domestic service, pp. 82-106. 1896. Booth, Charles (editor). Life and labor of the people in London. Vol. VIII, Population classified by trades. London, Macmillan & Co., Ltd. 480 pp. Domestic indoor servants, pp. 211-230. 1897. Campbell, Helen. Household economics. New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons. 286 pp. Ch. XI, Household service, pp. 209--228. 1842. Beecher, Catharine E. service. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 14 Reading Li,st of References on Household Employment 1897. Salmon, Lucy Maynard. Domestic service. New York, Macmillan Company. 307 pp. ( Second edition 1901, with an additional chapter on domestic service in Europe. 338 pp.) 1899. Veblen, Thorstein. The theory of the leisure class. New York, Macmillan Company. 400 pp. Ohs. I- III, pp. 1- 67. 1900. Candee, Helen Churchill. How women may earn a living. New York, Macmillan Company. 341 pp. Oh. V, Household industries, pp. 61-74. 1901. The blue book of domestic service. (Published by Rogers, Peet & Co.) New York, Cheltenham Press. 112 pp. 1903. Pettengill, Lillian. Toilers of the home. New York, Doubleday, Page & Co. 397 pp. 1905[?]. Household Aid Company. Women's Education Association, Committee on domestic economy. Report of a 2-years' experiment in social economics, Boston, 1903-5. 1904. Alden, Cynthia Westover. Women's ways of earning money. New York, A. S. Barnes & Co. 277 pp. Oh. VII, Housework not menial, pp. 74-88. 1904. Herrick, Christine Terhune. The expert maidservant. New York, Harper & Bros. 139 pp. 1906. Salmon, Lucy Maynard. Progress in the household. Boston, Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 198 pp. 1907. Laughlin, Clara E. The complete home. New York, D. Appleton & Co. 313 pp. Oh. XIV, Hired help, pp. 292-313. 1907. Women's Educational and Industrial Union, Boston. Domestic Reform League ( domestic service employment office). Bulletin, January 1907 .to April 1909, and various studies. 1908. The Legal Aid Society. Domestic employment. A handbook prepared by He~en Arthur and George H. Englehard. New York. 18 pp. 1911. Bird, M. Mostyn. Women at work: A study of the different ways of earning a living open to women. London, Chapman & Hall, Ltd. 257 pp. Oh. IV, Service, Pt. I, Domestic servants, pp. 106--126. 1912. Nearing, S., and N. Nearing. Woman and social progress. New York, Macmillan Company. 285 pp. Oh. XXII, Domestic servants and mother's helpers, pp. 187-196. 1912. Sykes, Ella C. A home help in Canada. London, Smith, Elder & Co. 304 pp. 1914. Domestic servants and the insurance acts: A guide for mistress and servants. By J. Henry Lloyd. London, Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd. 30 pp. Wanted, a young woman to do housework: Business principles applied to housework. New York, Moffat, Yard & Co. 127 pp. Kellar, Frances A. Out of work: A study of unemployment. New York, G. P. Putnam's Sons. 569 pp. Ch. VII, Domestic service and intelligence offices, pp. 194-235. Young Women's Christian Association. Commission on household employment. First report, to the fifth national convention, May 5 to 11, 1915, Los Angeles, Calif., 34 pp. ; Bul. 2-The road to trained service in the household, by Henrietta Roelofs, 13 pp. ; Bul. 3-What a factory can teach a housewife, by Ida M. Tarbell, 4 pp. ; Bul. 4-The beam in our own eyes, one home maker's experiment, by Isabell Kimball Whiting, 8 pp. Carey, Mrs. F. S. A profession for gentlewomen. London, Constable & Co., Ltd. 176 pp. Ch. VIII, A chapter on maids, pp. 89--101. Domestic service: An inquiry by the Women's Industrial Council. Report by 0. V. Butler with a supplementary chapter, "An employer's conclusions,'' by Lady Willoughby de Broke. London, G. Bell & Swis, Ltd. 148 pp. (Bibliography.) 1915. Barker, C. Helene. 1915. 1915. 1916. 1916. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis Reading List of References on Household Employment 15 By an old servant, with a preface by Mrs. George New York, Houghton, Mifflin Co. 111 pp. Leeds, John B. The household budget, with a special inquiry into the amount and value of household work. Philadelphia, John B. Leeds, 234 West School Lane. 246 pp. Black, Clementina. A new way of housekeeping. London, W. Collins & Co., Ltd. 132 pp. Frederick, Christine. The new housekeeping: Efficiency studies in home management. New York, Doubleday, Page & Co. 274 pp. Chs. X and XI, pp. 153-180. Pattison, Mary. The business of home management. ew York, Robert M. McBride & o. 310 pp. Ch. IV, The elimination of the servant class, pp. 52-58. Dewar, Katharine C. The girl. London, G. BeU & Sons, Ltd. 191 pp. Ch. IX, Domestic service, pp. 164- 182. Norris, Kathleen. Mother-the treasure. New York, Doubleday, Page & Co. 172 pp. Andrews, Benjamin R. Economics of the household : Its administration and finance. New York, Macmillan Company. 623 pp. Ch. XII, Housework, pp. 392-429; ch. XIV, Hired labor, pp. 453-476. Revised edition, 1935. Frederick, Christine. Household engineering: Scientific management in the home. Chicago, American School of Home Economics. 527 pp. Ch. X, Management of houseworkers, pp. 419-448. Harrison, Shelby M., and associates. Public employment offices. New York, Russell Sage Foundation. 685 pp. Firth, Violet M. The psychology of the servant problem. London, C. W. Daniel Co. 96 pp. Mills, Ernestine. 'l'he domestic problem, past, present, and future. London, John Castle. 117 pp. Taber, C. W. (Edited by Benjamin R. Andrews.) The business of the household. Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Co. 456 PlJ. Ch. XXV, The problem of service in the home, pp. 303-315. 1917. Domestic service. Wemyss. 1917. 1918. 1918. 1918. 1920. 1920. 1923. 1923. 1924. 1925. 1925. 1926. PERIODICALS Household clubs: How will they affect small houseNineteenth Century, vol. 22, pp. 807-810, May 1892. Salmon, Lucy Maynard. A statistical inquiry concerning domestic service. Quarterly Publications of American Statistical Association, vol. 3, pp. 89-118, June, September 1892. Snow, Martha B. The servant girl problem. Kansas University Quarterly, vol. 4, pp. 31-39, July 1895. Addams, Jane. A belated industry. American Journal of Sociology, vol. 1, pp. 536-550, March 1896. Bell, Florence. The lot of the servant. Living Age, pp. 205-215, Oct. 25, 1902. Barnum, Gertrude. Fall River mill girls in domestic service. Charities, vol. 13, pp. 550-551, Mar. 4, 1905. Klink, Jane Seymour. 'l'be housekeeper's responsibility. Atlantic Monthly, vol. 95, pp. 372-381, March 1905. Burnet, Margaret M . The day worker as a factor in domestic service. :u1ederation Bulletin ( official organ of executive board of General Federation of Women's Clubs), vol. 3, pp. 245-249, February 1906. 1892. Hamilton, Margaret. holds? 1892. 1895. 1896. 1902. 1905. 1905. 1906. https://fraser.stlouisfed.org Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis 16 Reading List of References on Ii ousehold Employment Immigration as a source of supply for domestic workers. Federation Bulletin ( official organ of executive board of General Federation of Women's Clubs), vol. 3, pp. 365---371, April 1906. Rubinow, I. M. Problem of domestic service. Journal of Political Economy, vol. 14, pp. 502-519, October 1906. McCracken, Elizabeth. The problem of domestic service: I. From the standpoint of the employer. Outlook, vol. 88, pp. 368-373, Feb. 15, 1908 ; and II. From the outlook of the employee. Outlook, vol. 88, pp. 493--499, Feb. 29, 1908. Rubinow, I. M. Discussion: Domestic service. American Journal of Sociology, vol. 14, pp. 614-619, March 1909. Rubinow, I. M., and Daniel Durant. The depth and breadth of the servant problem. McClure's Magazine, vol. 34, pp. 576-585, March 1910. Rubinow, I. M. Household service as a labor problem. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 3, pp. 131-140, April 1911. Goodrich, Henrietta I. The Household Aid Company. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 3, pp. 367-369, October 1911. The school of housekeeping. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 3, ~ 366367, October 1911. Salmon, Lucy Maynard. Democracy in the household. American Journal of Sociology, vol. 17, pp. 437-457, January 1912. Moulder, Priscilla E. English domestic workers' union. Life and Labor, vol. 2, pp. 245-246, August 1912. Pattison, Mrs. Frank A. Scientific management in home making. Annals .of American Academy of Political and Social Science, vol. 48, pp. 96-103, June 1913. Pell, Mary Hutton. Clubs for maids. New York Times, Mar. 27, 1914, p. 12. Dean, Arthur. What continuation schools may do for domestic service. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 7, pp. 438-439, October 1915. Marsh, Helen Esther. A scl;10ol for housemaids. Journal of Home Economics, vol. 7, pp. 435-437, October 1915. 1906. Smith, Mary Gove. 1906. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. 1911. 1911. 1912. 1912,. 1913. 1914. 1915. 1915. 1917. Domestic service: Its advantages and drawbacks as a wage-earning occupation. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 4, pp. 352-358, March 1917. 1918. Employment of women and girls in Great Britain, 1918. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 7, pp. 178-179, August 1918. 1919. Domestic service and unemployment among English women. Monthly Labor Review, vol. 8, pp. 191-195, April 1919. 1919. 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