View original document

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

BIE August 2013
Atlanta Fed Survey of Business Inflation Expectations
For immediate release: August 14, 2013
Contact: Jean Tate, 404-498-8035 or jean.tate@atl.frb.org
The y ear-ahead inflation expectations of businesses rose to 2.0 percent in August , acco rding to the
Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta’s most recent business inflation expectations (B IE) survey. The surve y
was conducted August 5 –9 with 212 firm s responding to ques tions about their business conditions,
inflation outlook, and potential pricing pressures. The results are summarized below.

Year-ahead inflation expectations and current conditions
Respondents indicated that, on average, they expect unit costs to rise 2.0 percent over the next 12 months,
roughly in line with the recent year-ahead inflation forecasts of private economists. Inflation uncertainty
declined to 2.3 percent in August from 2.5 percent in July. Firms also report that, compared to this time
last year, their unit costs are up 1.7 percent. Sales levels improved in August, with 53 percent of
respondents now saying their current sales levels are at or above normal compared to 50 percent in July.
Profit margins declined slightly from the July reading, with just 45 percent of respondents indicating their
profit margins are at or above normal.

Quarterly question: Factors influencing price change
Sixty-five percent of respondents (the same percentage as in May, which was a series high) expect labor
costs to have a moderate to strong upward influence on prices over the coming year while expectations
for the influence of non-labor costs have declined continuously since last February’s measure. Eighteen
percent of respondents expect productivity to put moderate to strong upward pressure on prices over the
coming year while the majority of respondents expect margin adjustments to have little or no influence.
Thirty-seven percent of respondents expect sales levels to put moderate to strong upward pressure on
prices in the year ahead.

Special question: 2015 federal funds rate projections
The special question asked panel members to assign probabilities to various ranges for the federal funds
rate at the end of 2015. Fifty percent of respondents indicated that they expect the fed funds rate to be
between 0.5 and 1 percent, while 40 percent of respondents expected it to be greater than 1 percent but
less than 1.5 percent. The remaining 10 percent of respondents expect the federal funds rate to be either
less than 0.5 percent (2 percent of respondents) or greater than 1.5 percent (8 percent of respondents) at
the end of 2015.
Please see page 3 for a breakdown of the results.

For more information and interactive charts, visit the BIE survey site at www.frbatlanta.org/research/inflationproject/bie/.

Monthly Questions
Year-Ahead Inflation Expectations and Uncertainty
(percent)

3.5
3.0

2.3

2.5
2.0
1.5

2.0

Uncertainty

1.0

Year-ahead unit cost expectations

0.5
0.0
Aug-12

Oct-12

Dec-12

Feb-13

Apr-13

Jun-13

Aug-13

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

Sales Levels and Profit Margins
Compared to Normal Times

Year-over-Year Unit Costs
(percent)

(diffusion index, 0+ = greater than normal times)

5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
-45

3.5
3.0

Sales levels
Profit margins

-16

2.5
1.7

2.0
1.5
-26

1.0
0.5

Aug-12

Nov-12

Feb-13

May-13

Aug-13

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

0.0
Aug-12

Nov-12

Feb-13

May-13

Aug-13

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

Quarterly Question
Projecting ahead, over the next 12 months, how do you think the following five common
influences will affect the prices of your products and/or services?
(percentage of respondents indicating moderate to strong upward pressure)
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Nov-11

Feb-12

Labor Costs

May-12

Non-Labor Costs

Aug-12

Nov-12

Productivity

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

Feb-13

Margin Adjustments

May-13

Aug-13

Sales Levels

Special Question
Year-end 2015 Federal Funds Rate Projections
percentage of responses

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0%
less than 0.5%

0.5% to 1%

greater than 1% to 1.5%

greater than 1.5%

How do your SALES LEVELS compare with sales levels during what you consider to be “normal” times?
Much less

Somewhat
less

About normal

Somewhat
greater

Much
greater

Diffusion
index*

June

11%

32%

31%

24%

1%

-14

July

13%

37%

29%

21%

0%

-21

August

11%

36%

30%

20%

3%

-16

How do your current PROFIT MARGINS compare with “normal” times?
Much less

Somewhat
less

About normal

Somewhat
greater

Much
greater

Diffusion
index*

10%

40%

36%

12%

1%

-22

July

8%

46%

33%

13%

0%

-24

August

10%

45%

33%

10%

2%

-26

Up a lot
(>5%)

Mean

June

Looking back, how do your UNIT COSTS compare with this time last year?
Down
(<-1%)

About
unchanged
(-1% to 1%)

June

5%

22%

60%

12%

2%

1.7%

July

5%

23%

58%

9%

5%

1.8%

August

6%

25%

51%

14%

4%

1.7%

Up somewhat Up moderately
(3.1% to 5%)
(1.1% to 3%)

Projecting ahead, to the best of your ability, please assign a percent likelihood to the following changes to unit
costs over the next 12 months.
Down
(<-1%)

About
unchanged
(-1% to 1%)

Up
somewhat
(1.1% to 3%)

Up
moderately
(3.1% to 5%)

Up a lot
(>5%)

Mean
(Variance)

June

8%

28%

39%

17%

8%

1.8% (2.6%)

July

7%

26%

42%

17%

8%

1.8% (2.5%)

August

5%

25%

42%

20%

8%

2.0% (2.3%)

Projecting ahead over the next 12 months, how do you think the following five common influences will affect the
prices of your products and/or services?
Strong
downward
influence

Moderate
downward
influence

Little/no
influence

Moderate
upward
influence

Strong
upward
influence

Diffusion
Index†

February

0%

1%

38%

55%

5%

33

May

0%

1%

35%

56%

9%

37

August

0%

1%

34%

57%

8%

36

February

0%

2%

21%

69%

9%

42

May

0%

1%

25%

63%

11%

42

August

0%

1%

29%

58%

12%

40

February

0%

11%

74%

13%

2%

2

Labor Costs

Non-Labor Costs

Productivity
May

1%

16%

70%

13%

0%

-2

August

0%

19%

63%

16%

2%

0

February

4%

11%

56%

30%

0%

6

May

2%

12%

58%

25%

3%

8

August

1%

11%

60%

26%

2%

8

February

2%

8%

48%

38%

3%

16

May

1%

11%

53%

33%

2%

12

August

1%

16%

46%

34%

3%

11

Margin Adjustments

Sales Levels

Note: Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding.
*The diffusion index is calculated as an average response such that each response of much less is assigned a value of –100;
somewhat less is assigned a value of –50; about normal, 0; somewhat greater, 50; and much greater, 100. Therefore, a positive
index value implies that the indicator is greater, on average, and a negative index value implies that the indicator is lower, on
average.
†The diffusion index is calculated such that each response of strong downward influence is assigned a value of –100;
moderate downward influence is assigned a value of –50; little/no influence, 0; moderate upward influence, 50; and
strong upward influence, 100. Therefore, a positive index value indicates that overall prices are being influenced
upwards, on average, and a negative index value indicates that prices are being influenced downwards on average.