View original document

The full text on this page is automatically extracted from the file linked above and may contain errors and inconsistencies.

BIE June 2013
Atlanta Fed Survey of Business Inflation Expectations
For immediate release: June 21, 2013
Contact: Jean Tate, 404-498-8035 or jean.tate@atl.frb.org
The year-ahead inflation expectations of businesses fell to 1.8 percent in June, down 0.2 percentage
point from May, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta’s most recent business inflation
expectations (BIE) survey. The survey was conducted June 10–14 with 190 firms responding to questions
about their business conditions, inflation outlook, and potential pricing pressures. The results are
summarized below.

Year-ahead inflation expectations and current conditions
Respondents indicate that, on average, they expect unit costs to rise 1.8 percent over the next 12 months,
roughly in line with the recent year-ahead inflation forecasts of private economists. Inflation uncertainty
increased slightly to 2.6 percent in June from 2.5 percent in May. Firms also report that, compared to this
time last year, their unit costs are up 1.7 percent. Respondents noted dramatic improvement in sales
levels, with 56 percent now saying their current sales levels are at or above normal (the largest percentage
since the series began). Profit margins also improved from the May reading, with 49 percent of firms
stating that their margins are at or above normal.

Quarterly question: Percent above/below normal unit sales levels
On average (weighted by industry share of GDP) respondents indicated that unit sales levels are
approximately 4.3 percent below normal, a significant improvement from the March measure of 7.7
percent below normal.
Firms of all sizes experienced this narrowing of the unit sales gap, with midsize firms (100–499
employees) seeing the largest improvement at 1.5 percent below normal, compared to 6.8 percent below
normal in March. Small firms (less than 100 employees), while still reporting a relatively large unit sales
gap, were at 7.3 percent below normal versus 12.2 percent below normal in March. Large firms (500 or
more employees) also improved at 2.2 percent below normal, compared to 3.3 percent below normal in
March.

Special question: Year-ahead average price change expectations
The special question asked respondents to assign likelihoods to various price change scenarios over the
coming year.
Respondents’ mean expectation (weighted by industry share of GDP) for the change in the average price
of their products and/or services was 1.5 percent.

For more information and interactive charts, visit the BIE survey site at www.frbatlanta.org/research/inflationproject/bie/.

Monthly Questions
Year-Ahead Inflation Expectations and Uncertainty
(percent)

3.5
3.0

2.6

2.5
2.0

1.8

1.5
Uncertainty

1.0

Year-ahead unit cost expectations

0.5
0.0

Jun-12

Aug-12

Oct-12

Dec-12

Feb-13

Apr-13

Jun-13

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

Sales Levels and Profit Margins
Compared to Normal Times

Year-over-Year Unit Costs
(percent)

(diffusion index, 0+ = greater than normal times)

10
5
0
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40

3.5
3.0
2.5

Sales levels
Profit margins

-14

2.0

1.7

1.5
-22

1.0
0.5

Jun-12

Sep-12

Dec-12

Mar-13

Jun-13

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

0.0

Jun-12

Sep-12

Dec-12

Mar-13

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

Quarterly Question
Average Percent Above/Below Normal Sales Levels

4

Sep-12

2

Dec-12

Mar-13

Jun-13

0
-2

-2.1

-4
-6

-3.3

-1.5

-2.2

-4.3

-4.9

-8

-6.8

-10

-9.6

-12
-14

Large firms
(500+ employees)

-7.3
-9.6

-11.1
Midsize firms
(100–500 employees)

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

Jun-13

-7.6

-7.7

-7.7

-10.3
-12.2

Small firms
(1–99 employees)

All firms

Special Question
Year-Ahead Average Price Change Expectations
(percentage of responses)

16
14
12

Sector-weighted mean: 1.5%

10
8
6
4

Source: Atlanta Fed Business Inflation Expectations (BIE) Survey

4.50

4.25

4.00

3.75

3.50

3.25

3.00

2.75

2.50

≥4.75

percent

2.25

2.00

1.75

1.50

1.25

1.00

0.75

0.50

0.25

0.00

-0.25

-0.50

-0.75

0

≤ -1.0

2

How do your SALES LEVELS compare with sales levels during what you consider to be “normal” times?
Much less

Somewhat
less

About normal

Somewhat
greater

Much
greater

Diffusion
index*

13%

42%

24%

19%

1%

-25

April
May

10%

44%

26%

20%

1%

-22

June

11%

32%

31%

24%

1%

-14

How do your current PROFIT MARGINS compare with “normal” times?
Much less

Somewhat
less

About normal

Somewhat
greater

Much
greater

Diffusion
index*

April

14%

41%

33%

11%

0%

-29

May

11%

43%

31%

13%

1%

-25

June

10%

40%

36%

12%

1%

-22

Up a lot
(>5%)

Mean

Looking back, how do your UNIT COSTS compare with this time last year?
Down
(<-1%)

About
unchanged
(-1% to 1%)

Up somewhat Up moderately
(1.1% to 3%)
(3.1% to 5%)

April

6%

18%

61%

12%

3%

1.8%

May

5%

21%

57%

13%

4%

1.8%

June

5%

22%

60%

12%

2%

1.7%

Projecting ahead, to the best of your ability, please assign a percent likelihood to the following changes to unit
costs over the next 12 months.

April

Down
(<-1%)

About
unchanged
(-1% to 1%)

Up
somewhat
(1.1% to 3%)

Up
moderately
(3.1% to 5%)

Up a lot
(>5%)

Mean
(Variance)

6%

23%

42%

20%

9%

2.1% (2.3%)

May

7%

25%

38%

20%

10%

2.0% (2.5%)

June

8%

28%

39%

17%

8%

1.8% (2.6%)

Quarterly Question: By roughly what percent are your firm's sales levels above/below “normal,” if at all?
Average percent above/below normal
(number of responses)

Firm size

September

December

March

June

Small (1–99 employees)

-9.6% (92)

-10.3% (100)

-12.2% (91)

-7.3% (87)

Midsize (100–499 employees)

-9.6% (43)

-11.1% (45)

-6.8% (42)

-1.5% (47)

Large (500+ employees)

-4.9% (49)

-2.1% (52)

-3.3% (60)

-2.2% (56)

All

-7.6% (184)

-7.7% (197)

-7.7% (193)

-4.3% (190)

Note: Percentages may not sum to 100 due to rounding.
*The diffusion index is calculated as an average response such that each response of much less is assigned a value of –100;
somewhat less is assigned a value of –50; about normal, 0; somewhat greater, 50; and much greater, 100. Therefore, a positive
index value implies that the indicator is greater, on average, and a negative index value implies that the indicator is lower, on
average.